gitextract_xdllcq2u/ ├── .github/ │ └── workflows/ │ └── welcome.yml ├── .gitignore ├── CONTRIBUTING.md ├── LICENSE.md ├── README.md ├── data/ │ ├── categories/ │ │ ├── ai-machine-learning.md │ │ ├── api-web-development.md │ │ ├── caching-performance.md │ │ ├── cloud-distributed-systems.md │ │ ├── computer-fundamentals.md │ │ ├── database-and-storage.md │ │ ├── devops-cicd.md │ │ ├── devtools-productivity.md │ │ ├── how-it-works.md │ │ ├── payment-and-fintech.md │ │ ├── real-world-case-studies.md │ │ ├── security.md │ │ ├── software-architecture.md │ │ ├── software-development.md │ │ └── technical-interviews.md │ └── guides/ │ ├── 10-books-for-software-developers.md │ ├── 10-essential-components-of-a-production-web-application.md │ ├── 10-good-coding-principles-to-improve-code-quality.md │ ├── 10-key-data-structures-we-use-every-day.md │ ├── 10-principles-for-building-resilient-payment-systems-by-shopify.md │ ├── 10-system-design-tradeoffs-you-cannot-ignore.md │ ├── 100x-postgres-scaling-at-figma.md │ ├── 11-steps-to-go-from-junior-to-senior-developer.md │ ├── 15-open-source-projects-that-changed-the-world.md │ ├── 18-common-ports-worth-knowing.md │ ├── 18-key-design-patterns-every-developer-should-know.md │ ├── 2-decades-of-cloud-evolution.md │ ├── 20-popular-open-source-projects-started-or-supported-by-big-companies.md │ ├── 25-papers-that-completely-transformed-the-computer-world.md │ ├── 30-useful-ai-apps-that-can-help-you-in-2025.md │ ├── 4-ways-netflix-uses-caching-to-hold-user-attention.md │ ├── 4-ways-of-qr-code-payment.md │ ├── 5-functions-to-merge-data-with-pandas.md │ ├── 5-http-status-codes-that-should-never-have-been-created.md │ ├── 5-important-components-of-linux.md │ ├── 6-software-architectural-patterns-you-must-know.md │ ├── 7-must-know-strategies-to-scale-your-database.md │ ├── 8-common-system-design-problems-and-solutions.md │ ├── 8-data-structures-that-power-your-databases.md │ ├── 8-key-concepts-in-ddd.md │ ├── 8-key-oop-concepts-every-developer-should-know.md │ ├── 8-must-know-scalability-strategies.md │ ├── 8-tips-for-efficient-api-design.md │ ├── 9-best-practices-for-building-microservices.md │ ├── 9-best-practices-for-developing-microservices.md │ ├── 9-docker-best-practices-you-must-know.md │ ├── 9-essential-components-of-a-production-microservice-application.md │ ├── a-beginner's-guide-to-cdn-content-delivery-network.md │ ├── a-brief-history-og-programming-languages.md │ ├── a-cheat-sheet-for-api-designs.md │ ├── a-cheat-sheet-for-designing-fault-tolerant-systems.md │ ├── a-cheat-sheet-for-system-designs.md │ ├── a-cheatsheet-for-uml-class-diagrams.md │ ├── a-cheatsheet-on-comparing-api-architectural-styles.md │ ├── a-cheatsheet-on-database-performance.md │ ├── a-cheatsheet-on-infrastructure-as-code-landscape.md │ ├── a-cheatsheet-to-build-secure-apis.md │ ├── a-crash-course-in-database-sharding.md │ ├── a-crash-course-on-architectural-scalability.md │ ├── a-roadmap-for-full-stack-development.md │ ├── airbnb-artchitectural-evolution.md │ ├── algorithms-you-should-know-before-taking-system-design-interviews.md │ ├── amazon-prime-video-monitoring-service.md │ ├── api-gateway-101.md │ ├── api-of-apis-app-integrations.md │ ├── api-vs-sdk.md │ ├── aws-services-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── aws-services-evolution.md │ ├── azure-services-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── b-tree-vs.md │ ├── big-data-pipeline-cheatsheet-for-aws-azure-and-google-cloud.md │ ├── big-endian-vs-little-endian.md │ ├── blocking-vs-non-blocking-queue.md │ ├── build-a-simple-chat-application.md │ ├── cache-miss-attack.md │ ├── cache-systems-every-developer-should-know.md │ ├── can-kafka-lose-messages.md │ ├── cap-base-solid-kiss-what-do-these-acronyms-mean.md │ ├── cap-theorem-one-of-the-most-misunderstood-terms.md │ ├── change-data-capture-key-to-leverage-real-time-data.md │ ├── chatgpt-timeline.md │ ├── choose-the-right-database-for-metric-collecting-system.md │ ├── cicd-pipeline-explained-in-simple-terms.md │ ├── cicd-simplified-visual-guide.md │ ├── cloud-comparison-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── cloud-cost-reduction-techniques.md │ ├── cloud-database-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── cloud-disaster-recovery-strategies.md │ ├── cloud-load-balancer-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── cloud-monitoring-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── cloud-native-anti-patterns.md │ ├── concurrency-is-not-parallelism.md │ ├── consistent-hashing.md │ ├── cookies-vs-sessions-vs-jwt-vs-paseto.md │ ├── cybersecurity-101-in-one-picture.md │ ├── data-pipelines-overview.md │ ├── database-middleware.md │ ├── deepseek-1-pager.md │ ├── delivery-semantics.md │ ├── design-gmail.md │ ├── design-google-maps.md │ ├── design-patterns-cheat-sheet-part-1-and-part-2.md │ ├── design-stock-exchange.md │ ├── devops-vs-noops.md │ ├── devops-vs-sre-vs-paltform-engg.md │ ├── diagram-as-code.md │ ├── differences-in-event-sourcing-system-design.md │ ├── digital-wallet-in-traditional-banks-vs-wallet-in-blockchain.md │ ├── dns-record-types-you-should-know.md │ ├── do-you-know-all-the-components-of-a-url.md │ ├── do-you-know-why-meta-google-and-amazon-all-stop-using-leap-seconds.md │ ├── e-commerce-workflow.md │ ├── encoding-vs-encryption-vs-tokenization.md │ ├── erasure-coding.md │ ├── evolution-of-airbnb's-microservice.md │ ├── evolution-of-the-netflix-api-architecture.md │ ├── evolution-of-uber's-api-layer.md │ ├── explain-the-top-6-use-cases-of-object-stores.md │ ├── explaining-5-unique-id-generators-in-distributed-systems.md │ ├── explaining-8-popular-network-protocols-in-1-diagram.md │ ├── explaining-9-types-of-api-testing.md │ ├── explaining-json-web-token-jwt-to-a-10-year-old-kid.md │ ├── explaining-sessions-tokens-jwt-sso-and-oauth-in-one-diagram.md │ ├── explaining-the-4-most-commonly-used-types-of-queues-in-a-single-diagram.md │ ├── firewall-explained-to-kids-and-adults.md │ ├── fixing-bugs-automatically-at-meta-scale.md │ ├── foreign-exchange-payments.md │ ├── git-commands-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── git-merge-vs-git-rebate.md │ ├── git-vs-github.md │ ├── git-workflow.md │ ├── graphql-adoption-patterns.md │ ├── handling-hotspot-accounts.md │ ├── hidden-costs-of-the-cloud.md │ ├── how-applegoogle-pay-works.md │ ├── how-are-notifications-pushed-to-our-phones-or-pcs.md │ ├── how-can-cache-systems-go-wrong.md │ ├── how-can-redis-be-used.md │ ├── how-digital-signatures-work.md │ ├── how-discord-stores-trillions-of-messages.md │ ├── how-do-airtags-work.md │ ├── how-do-big-keys-impact-redis-persistence.md │ ├── how-do-c++-java-python-work.md │ ├── how-do-companies-ship-code-to-production.md │ ├── how-do-computer-programs-run.md │ ├── how-do-googleapple-maps-blur-license-plates-and-human-faces-on-street-view.md │ ├── how-do-message-queue-architectures-evolve.md │ ├── how-do-processes-talk-to-each-other-on-linux.md │ ├── how-do-search-engines-work.md │ ├── how-do-sql-joins-work.md │ ├── how-do-we-design-a-chat-application-like-whatsapp-facebook-messenger-or-discord.md │ ├── how-do-we-design-a-permission-system.md │ ├── how-do-we-design-a-secure-system.md │ ├── how-do-we-design-a-system-for-internationalization.md │ ├── how-do-we-design-effective-and-safe-apis.md │ ├── how-do-we-design-for-high-availability.md │ ├── how-do-we-detect-node-failures-in-distributed-systems.md │ ├── how-do-we-incorporate-event-sourcing-into-the-systems.md │ ├── how-do-we-learn-elasticsearch.md │ ├── how-do-we-manage-configurations-in-a-system.md │ ├── how-do-we-manage-data.md │ ├── how-do-we-manage-sensitive-data-in-a-system.md │ ├── how-do-we-perform-pagination-in-api-design.md │ ├── how-do-we-retry-on-failures.md │ ├── how-do-we-transform-a-system-to-be-cloud-native.md │ ├── how-do-you-decide-which-type-of-database-to-use.md │ ├── how-does-a-password-manager-such-as-1password-or-lastpass-work.md │ ├── how-does-a-typical-push-notification-system-work.md │ ├── how-does-a-vpn-work.md │ ├── how-does-ach-payment-work.md │ ├── how-does-amazon-build-system-work.md │ ├── how-does-aws-lambda-work-behind-the-scenes.md │ ├── how-does-chatgpt-work.md │ ├── how-does-cnd-work.md │ ├── how-does-docker-work.md │ ├── how-does-garbage-collection-work.md │ ├── how-does-git-work.md │ ├── how-does-google-authenticator-or-other-types-of-2-factor-authenticators-work.md │ ├── how-does-graphql-work-in-the-real-world.md │ ├── how-does-grpc-work.md │ ├── how-does-https-work.md │ ├── how-does-javascript-work.md │ ├── how-does-netflix-scale-push-messaging-for-millions-of-devices.md │ ├── how-does-redis-persist-data.md │ ├── how-does-rest-api-work.md │ ├── how-does-scan-to-pay-work.md │ ├── how-does-ssh-work.md │ ├── how-does-terraform-turn-code-into-cloud.md │ ├── how-does-the-browser-render-a-web-page.md │ ├── how-does-the-domain-name-system-dns-lookup-work.md │ ├── how-does-twitter-recommend-tweets.md │ ├── how-does-visa-make-money.md │ ├── how-does-visa-work-when-we-swipe-a-credit-card-at-a-merchant's-shop.md │ ├── how-does-youtube-handle-massive-video-content-upload.md │ ├── how-is-a-sql-statement-executed-in-the-database.md │ ├── how-is-data-transmitted-between-applications.md │ ├── how-is-email-delivered.md │ ├── how-levelsfyi-scaled-to-millions-of-users-with-google-sheets.md │ ├── how-nat-made-the-growth-of-the-internet-possible.md │ ├── how-netflix-really-uses-java.md │ ├── how-redis-architecture-evolve.md │ ├── how-tiktok-manages-a-200k-file-frontend-monorepo.md │ ├── how-to-ace-system-design-interviews-like-a-boss.md │ ├── how-to-avoid-crawling-duplicate-urls-at-google-scale.md │ ├── how-to-avoid-double-payment.md │ ├── how-to-choose-the-right-database.md │ ├── how-to-deploy-services.md │ ├── how-to-design-google-docs.md │ ├── how-to-design-secure-web-api-access-for-your-website.md │ ├── how-to-handle-web-request-error.md │ ├── how-to-implement-read-replica-pattern.md │ ├── how-to-learn-payments.md │ ├── how-to-load-your-websites-at-lightning-speed.md │ ├── how-to-release-a-mobile-app.md │ ├── how-to-scale-a-website-to-support-millions-of-users.md │ ├── how-to-store-passwords-in-the-database.md │ ├── how-to-upload-a-large-file-to-s3.md │ ├── how-will-you-design-the-stack-overflow-website.md │ ├── http-cookies-explained-with-a-simple-diagram.md │ ├── http-status-code-you-should-know.md │ ├── http1-http2-http3.md │ ├── https-ssl-handshake-and-data-encryption-explained-to-kids.md │ ├── imperative-vs-functional-vs-object-oriented-programming.md │ ├── important-things-about-http-headers-you-may-not-know.md │ ├── internet-traffic-routing-policies.md │ ├── ipv4-vs-ipv6.md │ ├── iqiyi-database-selection-trees.md │ ├── is-https-safe.md │ ├── is-it-possible-to-run-c-c++-or-rust-on-a-web-browser.md │ ├── is-microservice-architecture-the-silver-bullet.md │ ├── is-passkey-shaping-a-passwordless-future.md │ ├── is-postgresql-eating-the-database-world.md │ ├── is-telegram-secure.md │ ├── java-collection-hierarchy.md │ ├── json-files.md │ ├── jwt-101-key-to-stateless-authentication.md │ ├── key-concepts-to-understand-database-sharding.md │ ├── key-data-terms.md │ ├── key-terms-in-domain-driven-design.md │ ├── key-use-cases-for-load-balancers.md │ ├── kubernetes-deployment-strategies.md │ ├── kubernetes-periodic-table.md │ ├── kubernetes-tools-ecosystem.md │ ├── kubernetes-tools-stack-wheel.md │ ├── learn-cache.md │ ├── life-is-short-use-dev-tools.md │ ├── linux-boot-process-explained.md │ ├── linux-file-permission-illustrated.md │ ├── linux-file-system-explained.md │ ├── live-streaming-explained.md │ ├── load-balancer-realistic-use-cases-you-may-not-know.md │ ├── log-parsing-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── logging-tracing-metrics.md │ ├── low-latency-stock-exchange.md │ ├── making-sense-of-search-engine-optimization.md │ ├── mcdonald's-event-driven-architecture.md │ ├── memcached-vs-redis.md │ ├── money-movement.md │ ├── monorepo-vs.md │ ├── most-popular-cache-eviction.md │ ├── most-used-linux-commands-map.md │ ├── must-know-system-design-building-blocks.md │ ├── mvc-mvp-mvvm-viper-patterns.md │ ├── my-recommended-materials-for-cracking-your-next-technical-interview.md │ ├── netflix-tech-stack-cicd-pipeline.md │ ├── netflix-tech-stack-databases.md │ ├── netflixs-overall-architecture.md │ ├── netflixs-tech-stack.md │ ├── oauth-2-explained-with-siple-terms.md │ ├── oauth-20-flows.md │ ├── orchestration-vs-choreography-microservices.md │ ├── paradigm-shift-how-developer-to-tester-ratio-changed-from-11-to-1001.md │ ├── payment-system.md │ ├── pessimistic-vs-optimistic-locking.md │ ├── polling-vs-webhooks.md │ ├── possible-experiment-platform-architecture.md │ ├── proximity-service.md │ ├── proxy-vs-reverse-proxy.md │ ├── push-vs-pull-in-metrics-collecting-systems.md │ ├── quadtree.md │ ├── read-replica-pattern.md │ ├── reconciliation-in-payment.md │ ├── reddit's-core-architecture.md │ ├── resiliency-patterns.md │ ├── rest-api-cheatsheet.md │ ├── rest-api-vs-graphql.md │ ├── reverse-proxy-vs-api-gateway-vs-load-balancer.md │ ├── session-cookie-jwt-token-sso-and-oauth-2.md │ ├── shortlong-polling-sse-websocket.md │ ├── smooth-data-migration-with-avro.md │ ├── soap-vs-rest-vs-graphql-vs-rpc.md │ ├── some-devops-books-i-find-enlightening.md │ ├── storage-systems-overview.md │ ├── swift-payment-messaging-system.md │ ├── symmetric-encryption-vs-asymmetric-encryption.md │ ├── system-design-blueprint-the-ultimate-guide.md │ ├── system-design-cheat-sheet.md │ ├── the-12-factor-app.md │ ├── the-9-algorithms-that-dominate-our-world.md │ ├── the-evolving-landscape-of-api-protocols-in-2023.md │ ├── the-fundamental-pillars-of-object-oriented-programming.md │ ├── the-one-line-change-that-reduced-clone-times-by-a-whopping-99-says-pinterest.md │ ├── the-open-source-ai-stack.md │ ├── the-payments-ecosystem.md │ ├── the-ultimate-api-learning-roadmap.md │ ├── the-ultimate-kafka-101-you-cannot-miss.md │ ├── the-ultimate-kubernetes-command-cheatsheet.md │ ├── the-ultimate-redis-101.md │ ├── the-ultimate-software-architect-knowledge-map.md │ ├── things-to-consider-when-using-cache.md │ ├── time-series-db-tsdb-in-20-lines.md │ ├── token-cookie-session.md │ ├── top-10-k8s-design-patterns.md │ ├── top-10-most-popular-open-source-databases.md │ ├── top-12-tips-for-api-security.md │ ├── top-3-api-gateway-use-cases.md │ ├── top-4-data-sharding-algorithms-explained.md │ ├── top-4-forms-of-authentication-mechanisms.md │ ├── top-4-kubernetes-service-types-in-one-diagram.md │ ├── top-4-most-popular-use-cases-for-udp.md │ ├── top-5-caching-strategies.md │ ├── top-5-common-ways-to-improve-api-performance.md │ ├── top-5-kafka-use-cases.md │ ├── top-5-most-used-deployment-strategies.md │ ├── top-5-software-architectural-patterns.md │ ├── top-5-strategies-to-reduce-latency.md │ ├── top-5-trade-offs-in-system-designs.md │ ├── top-6-cases-to-apply-idempotency.md │ ├── top-6-cloud-messaging-patterns.md │ ├── top-6-database-models.md │ ├── top-6-elasticsearch-use-cases.md │ ├── top-6-firewall-use-cases.md │ ├── top-6-load-balancing-algorithms.md │ ├── top-6-most-commonly-used-server-types.md │ ├── top-6-multithreading-design-patterns-you-must-know.md │ ├── top-6-tools-to-turn-code-into-beautiful-diagrams.md │ ├── top-7-most-used-distributed-system-patterns.md │ ├── top-8-c++-use-cases.md │ ├── top-8-cache-eviction-strategies.md │ ├── top-8-must-know-docker-concepts.md │ ├── top-8-programming-paradigms.md │ ├── top-8-standards-every-developer-should-know.md │ ├── top-9-architectural-patterns-for-data-and-communication-flow.md │ ├── top-9-cases-behind-100-cpu-usage.md │ ├── top-9-engineering-blog-favorites.md │ ├── top-9-http-request-methods.md │ ├── top-9-website-performance-metrics-you-cannot-ignore.md │ ├── top-eventual-consistency-patterns-you-must-know.md │ ├── top-network-security-cheatsheet.md │ ├── twitter-10-tech-stack.md │ ├── twitter-architecture-2022-vs-2012.md │ ├── types-of-databases.md │ ├── types-of-memory-and-storage.md │ ├── types-of-memory.md │ ├── types-of-message-queue.md │ ├── types-of-vpns.md │ ├── typical-aws-network-architecture-in-one-diagram.md │ ├── uber-tech-stack-cicd.md │ ├── uber-tech-stack.md │ ├── understanding-database-types.md │ ├── unicast-vs-broadcast-vs-multicast-vs-anycast.md │ ├── unified-payments-interface-upi-in-india.md │ ├── unique-id-generator.md │ ├── url-uri-urn-do-you-know-the-differences.md │ ├── v1what-is-sso-single-sign-on.md │ ├── vertical-partitioning-vs-horizontal-partitioning.md │ ├── visualizing-a-sql-query.md │ ├── what's-the-difference-between-session-based-authentication-and-jwts.md │ ├── what-are-database-isolation-levels.md │ ├── what-are-the-differences-among-database-locks.md │ ├── what-are-the-differences-between-a-load-balancer-and-an-api-gateway.md │ ├── what-are-the-differences-between-cookies-and-sessions.md │ ├── what-are-the-differences-between-paging-and-segmentation.md │ ├── what-are-the-differences-between-wan-lan-pan-and-man.md │ ├── what-are-the-greenest-programming-languages.md │ ├── what-are-the-most-important-aws-services-to-learn.md │ ├── what-are-the-top-caching-strategies.md │ ├── what-do-version-numbers-mean.md │ ├── what-does-a-typical-microservice-architecture-look-like.md │ ├── what-does-acid-mean.md │ ├── what-does-api-gateway-do.md │ ├── what-happens-when-you-type-a-url-into-your-browser.md │ ├── what-happens-when-you-type-google.md │ ├── what-happens-when-you-upload-a-file-to-amazon-s3.md │ ├── what-is-a-cookie.md │ ├── what-is-a-deadlock.md │ ├── what-is-a-load-balancer.md │ ├── what-is-a-stop-loss-order-and-how-does-it-work.md │ ├── what-is-an-ai-agent.md │ ├── what-is-cdn-content-delivery-network.md │ ├── what-is-cloud-native.md │ ├── what-is-css-cascading-style-sheets.md │ ├── what-is-devsecops.md │ ├── what-is-elk-stack-and-why-is-it-so-popular-for-log-management.md │ ├── what-is-graphql.md │ ├── what-is-grpc.md │ ├── what-is-k8s-kubernetes.md │ ├── what-is-osi-model.md │ ├── what-is-serverless-db.md │ ├── what-is-the-best-way-to-learn-sql.md │ ├── what-is-the-difference-between-process-and-thread.md │ ├── what-is-the-journey-of-a-slack-message.md │ ├── what-is-web-3.md │ ├── what-makes-aws-lambda-so-fast.md │ ├── what-makes-http2-faster-than-http1.md │ ├── what-protocol-does-online-gaming-use-to-transmit-data.md │ ├── what-tools-does-your-team-use-to-ship-code-to-production-and-ensure-code-quality.md │ ├── which-latency-numbers-should-you-know.md │ ├── who-are-the-fantastic-four-of-system-design.md │ ├── why-are-content-delivery-networks-cdn-so-popular.md │ ├── why-do-we-need-to-use-a-distributed-lock.md │ ├── why-is-kafka-fast.md │ ├── why-is-nginx-so-popular.md │ ├── why-is-postgresql-voted-as-the-most-loved-database-by-stackoverflow-2022-developer-survey.md │ └── why-is-redis-so-fast.md ├── package.json └── scripts/ └── readme.ts