Repository: INK-USC/TriggerNER
Branch: master
Commit: c01d9500ad2c
Files: 38
Total size: 7.8 MB

Directory structure:
gitextract_tt3m6fwi/

├── .gitignore
├── README.md
├── common/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── instance.py
│   └── sentence.py
├── config/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── config.py
│   ├── eval.py
│   ├── reader.py
│   └── utils.py
├── dataset/
│   ├── BC5CDR/
│   │   ├── dev.txt
│   │   ├── test.txt
│   │   ├── train.txt
│   │   ├── train_20.txt
│   │   └── trigger_20.txt
│   ├── CONLL/
│   │   ├── dev.txt
│   │   ├── test.txt
│   │   ├── train.txt
│   │   ├── train_20.txt
│   │   └── trigger_20.txt
│   └── Laptop-reviews/
│       ├── test.txt
│       ├── train.txt
│       ├── train_20.txt
│       ├── trigger_20.txt
│       └── trigger_turk.txt
├── model/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── charbilstm.py
│   ├── linear_crf_inferencer.py
│   ├── soft_attention.py
│   ├── soft_encoder.py
│   ├── soft_inferencer.py
│   ├── soft_inferencer_naive.py
│   └── soft_matcher.py
├── naive.py
├── requirments.txt
├── semi_supervised.py
├── supervised.py
└── util.py

================================================
FILE CONTENTS
================================================

================================================
FILE: .gitignore
================================================
dataset/glove*
.DS_Store
.idea/*
__pycache__/*
config/__pycache__/*
model/__pycache__/*
common/__pycache__/*
dataset/CONLL/train_manual.txt
dataset/BC5CDR/train_manual.txt
dataset/Laptop-reviews/train_manual.txt

================================================
FILE: README.md
================================================
# TriggerNER
Code & Data for ACL 2020 paper: 

[TriggerNER: Learning with Entity Triggers as Explanations for Named Entity Recognition](https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.07493)

Authors: [Bill Yuchen Lin*](https://yuchenlin.xyz), [Dong-Ho Lee*](https://danny-lee.info/), Ming Shen, [Ryan Moreno](https://ryan-moreno.github.io/), Xiao Huang, [Prashant Shiralkar](https://sites.google.com/site/shiralkarprashant/), [Xiang Ren](http://ink-ron.usc.edu/xiangren/)


We introduce **entity triggers**, an effective proxy of human explanations for facilitating label-efficient learning of NER models. 
We crowd-sourced 14k entity triggers for two well-studied NER datasets.
Our proposed model, name Trigger Matching Network, jointly learns trigger representations and soft matching module with self-attention such that can generalize to unseen sentences easily for tagging.
Expriments show that the framework is significantly more cost-effective such that usinng 20% of the trigger-annotated sentences can result in a comparable performance of conventional supervised approaches using 70% training data.

<p align="center"><img src="figure/trig.png" width="800"/></p>

If you make use of this code or the entity triggers in your work, please kindly cite the following paper:

```bibtex
@inproceedings{TriggerNER2020,
  title={TriggerNER: Learning with Entity Triggers as Explanations for Named Entity Recognition},
  author={Bill Yuchen Lin and Dong-Ho Lee and Ming Shen and Ryan Moreno and Xiao Huang  and Prashant Shiralkar and Xiang Ren}, 
  booktitle={Proceedings of ACL},
  year={2020}
}
```



## Quick Links
* [Requirements](#Requirements)
* [Trigger Dataset](#Trigger-Dataset)
* [Train and Test](#train-and-test)


## Trigger Dataset


The concept of **entity triggers**, a novel form of explanatory annotation for named entity recognition problems.  
We crowd-source and publicly release 14k annotated entity triggers on two popular datasets: 
CoNLL03 (generic domain), BC5CDR (biomedical domain).

`dataset/` saves CONLL, BC5CDR, and Laptop-Reviews dataset. For each directory, 

* `train.txt, test.txt, dev.txt` are original dataset
* `train_20.txt` is for cutting out the original train dataset into 20% for baseline setting. The dataset is used in `naive.py`
* `trigger_20.txt` is trigger dataset. The dataset is used in `supervised.py` and `semi_supervised.py`.

To enable 3% of original training dataset, you should use `--percentage 15` since the dataset we used for supervised.py and semi_supervised.py is 20% of original training data with triggers.

## Requirements
Python >= 3.6 and PyTorch >= 0.4.1
```bash
python -m pip install -r requirements.txt
```

## Train and Test
* Train/Test Baseline (Bi-LSTM / CRF with 20 % of training dataset) :
```
python naive.py --dataset CONLL
python naive.py --dataset BC5CDR
```

* Train/Test Trigger Matching Network in supervised setting :
```
python supervised.py --dataset CONLL
python supervised.py --dataset BC5CDR
```


* Train/Test Trigger Matching Network in semi-supervised setting (self-training) :
```
python semi_supervised.py --dataset CONLL
python semi_supervised.py --dataset BC5CDR
```

Our code is based on https://github.com/allanj/pytorch_lstmcrf. 


[INK Lab](http://inklab.usc.edu/) at USC


================================================
FILE: common/__init__.py
================================================
from common.instance import Instance
from common.sentence import Sentence


================================================
FILE: common/instance.py
================================================
#
# @author: Allan
# edited by Dong-Ho Lee
#
from common.sentence import  Sentence
from typing import List

class Instance:
    """
    This class is the basic Instance for a datasample
    """

    def __init__(self, input: Sentence, output: List[str] = None, embedding = None, trigger_label = None, trigger_positions = None, trigger_key = None) -> None:
        """
        Constructor for the instance.
        :param input: sentence containing the words
        :param output: a list of labels
        """
        self.input = input
        self.output = output
        self.elmo_vec = embedding #used for loading the ELMo vector.
        self.word_ids = None
        self.char_ids = None
        self.output_ids = None
        self.is_prediction = None
        self.trigger_label = trigger_label
        self.trigger_positions = trigger_positions
        self.trigger_key = trigger_key
        self.trigger_vec = None
        self.trigger_matching_label = None

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.input)


================================================
FILE: common/sentence.py
================================================
#
# @author: Allan
# edited by Dong-Ho Lee
#

from typing import List

class Sentence:
    """
    The class for the input sentence
    """

    def __init__(self, words: List[str], pos_tags:List[str] = None):
        """

        :param words:
        :param pos_tags: By default, it is not required to have the pos tags, in case you need it/
        """
        self.words = words
        self.pos_tags = pos_tags

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.words)




================================================
FILE: config/__init__.py
================================================
from config.config import Config, ContextEmb, PAD, START, STOP
from config.eval import Span, evaluate_batch_insts
from config.reader import Reader
from config.utils import  log_sum_exp_pytorch, simple_batching, lr_decay, get_optimizer, write_results, batching_list_instances


================================================
FILE: config/config.py
================================================
# 
# @author: Allan
# edited by Dong-Ho Lee
#

import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm
from typing import List, Tuple, Dict, Union
from common import Instance
import torch
from enum import Enum
import os

from termcolor import colored

START = "<START>"
STOP = "<STOP>"
PAD = "<PAD>"
UNK = "<UNK>"

class ContextEmb(Enum):
    none = 0
    elmo = 1
    bert = 2 # not support yet
    flair = 3 # not support yet


class Config:
    def __init__(self, args) -> None:
        """
        Construct the arguments and some hyperparameters
        :param args:
        """

        # Predefined label string.
        self.PAD = PAD
        self.B = "B-"
        self.I = "I-"
        self.S = "S-"
        self.E = "E-"
        self.O = "O"
        self.START_TAG = START
        self.STOP_TAG = STOP
        self.UNK = "<UNK>"
        self.unk_id = -1

        # Model hyper parameters
        self.embedding_file = args.embedding_file
        self.embedding_dim = args.embedding_dim
        self.context_emb = ContextEmb[args.context_emb]
        self.context_emb_size = 0
        self.embedding, self.embedding_dim = self.read_pretrain_embedding()
        self.word_embedding = None
        self.seed = args.seed
        self.digit2zero = args.digit2zero
        self.hidden_dim = args.hidden_dim
        self.rep_hidden_dim = args.hidden_dim
        self.use_brnn = True
        self.num_layers = 1
        self.dropout = args.dropout
        self.char_emb_size = 25
        self.charlstm_hidden_dim = 50
        self.use_char_rnn = args.use_char_rnn
        self.use_crf_layer = args.use_crf_layer

        # Data specification
        self.percentage = args.percentage
        self.dataset = args.dataset
        self.train_file = "dataset/" + self.dataset + "/train_20.txt"
        self.train_all_file = "dataset/" + self.dataset + "/train.txt"
        if self.dataset == "Laptop-reviews":
            self.dev_file = "dataset/" + self.dataset + "/test.txt"
        else:
            self.dev_file = "dataset/" + self.dataset + "/dev.txt"
        self.test_file = "dataset/" + self.dataset + "/test.txt"
        self.trigger_file = "dataset/" + self.dataset + "/trigger_20.txt"
        self.label2idx = {}
        self.idx2labels = []
        self.char2idx = {}
        self.idx2char = []
        self.num_char = 0
        self.train_num = args.train_num
        self.dev_num = args.dev_num
        self.test_num = args.test_num


        # Training hyperparameter
        self.model_folder = args.model_folder
        self.optimizer = args.optimizer.lower()
        self.trig_optimizer = args.trig_optimizer.lower()
        self.learning_rate = args.learning_rate
        self.momentum = args.momentum
        self.l2 = args.l2
        self.num_epochs = args.num_epochs
        self.num_epochs_soft = args.num_epochs_soft
        self.use_dev = True
        self.batch_size = args.batch_size
        self.clip = 5
        self.lr_decay = args.lr_decay
        self.device = torch.device(args.device)
        self.ds_setting = args.ds_setting
        print(self.ds_setting)

    def read_pretrain_embedding(self) -> Tuple[Union[Dict[str, np.array], None], int]:
        """
        Read the pretrained word embeddings, return the complete embeddings and the embedding dimension
        :return:
        """
        print("reading the pretraing embedding: %s" % (self.embedding_file))
        if self.embedding_file is None:
            print("pretrain embedding in None, using random embedding")
            return None, self.embedding_dim
        else:
            exists = os.path.isfile(self.embedding_file)
            if not exists:
                print(colored("[Warning] pretrain embedding file not exists, using random embedding",  'red'))
                return None, self.embedding_dim
                # raise FileNotFoundError("The embedding file does not exists")
        embedding_dim = -1
        embedding = dict()
        with open(self.embedding_file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
            for line in tqdm(file.readlines()):
                line = line.strip()
                if len(line) == 0:
                    continue
                tokens = line.split()
                if embedding_dim < 0:
                    embedding_dim = len(tokens) - 1
                else:
                    # print(tokens)
                    # print(embedding_dim)
                    assert (embedding_dim + 1 == len(tokens))
                embedd = np.empty([1, embedding_dim])
                embedd[:] = tokens[1:]
                first_col = tokens[0]
                embedding[first_col] = embedd
        return embedding, embedding_dim

    def build_word_idx(self, train_insts: List[Instance], dev_insts: List[Instance] = None, test_insts: List[Instance] = None) -> None:
        """
        Build the vocab 2 idx for all instances
        :param train_insts:
        :param dev_insts:
        :param test_insts:
        :return:
        """
        self.word2idx = dict()
        self.idx2word = []
        self.word2idx[self.PAD] = 0
        self.idx2word.append(self.PAD)
        self.word2idx[self.UNK] = 1
        self.unk_id = 1
        self.idx2word.append(self.UNK)

        self.char2idx[self.PAD] = 0
        self.idx2char.append(self.PAD)
        self.char2idx[self.UNK] = 1
        self.idx2char.append(self.UNK)

        # extract char on train, dev, test
        if dev_insts is not None and test_insts is not None:
            whole_sets = train_insts + dev_insts + test_insts
        else:
            whole_sets = train_insts

        for inst in whole_sets:
            for word in inst.input.words:
                if word not in self.word2idx:
                    self.word2idx[word] = len(self.word2idx)
                    self.idx2word.append(word)
        # extract char only on train (doesn't matter for dev and test)
        for inst in train_insts:
            for word in inst.input.words:
                for c in word:
                    if c not in self.char2idx:
                        self.char2idx[c] = len(self.idx2char)
                        self.idx2char.append(c)
        self.num_char = len(self.idx2char)

    def add_word_idx(self, match_insts):
        for inst in match_insts:
            for word in inst.input.words:
                if word not in self.word2idx:
                    self.word2idx[word] = len(self.word2idx)
                    self.idx2word.append(word)

    def build_emb_table(self) -> None:
        """
        build the embedding table with pretrained word embeddings (if given otherwise, use random embeddings)
        :return:
        """
        print("Building the embedding table for vocabulary...")
        scale = np.sqrt(3.0 / self.embedding_dim)
        if self.embedding is not None:
            print("[Info] Use the pretrained word embedding to initialize: %d x %d" % (len(self.word2idx), self.embedding_dim))
            self.word_embedding = np.empty([len(self.word2idx), self.embedding_dim])
            for word in self.word2idx:
                if word in self.embedding:
                    self.word_embedding[self.word2idx[word], :] = self.embedding[word]
                elif word.lower() in self.embedding:
                    self.word_embedding[self.word2idx[word], :] = self.embedding[word.lower()]
                else:
                    # self.word_embedding[self.word2idx[word], :] = self.embedding[self.UNK]
                    self.word_embedding[self.word2idx[word], :] = np.random.uniform(-scale, scale, [1, self.embedding_dim])
        else:
            self.word_embedding = np.empty([len(self.word2idx), self.embedding_dim])
            for word in self.word2idx:
                self.word_embedding[self.word2idx[word], :] = np.random.uniform(-scale, scale, [1, self.embedding_dim])

    def build_label_idx(self, insts: List[Instance]) -> None:
        """
        Build the mapping from label to index and index to labels.
        :param insts: list of instances.
        :return:
        """
        #self.triggerlabel = {}
        self.label2idx[self.PAD] = len(self.label2idx)
        self.idx2labels.append(self.PAD)
        for inst in insts:
            for label in inst.output:
                if label not in self.label2idx:
                    self.idx2labels.append(label)
                    self.label2idx[label] = len(self.label2idx)
                #if label not in [START,STOP,PAD,UNK,'O','T'] and label.split('-')[1] not in self.triggerlabel:
                #    self.triggerlabel[label.split('-')[1]] = len(self.triggerlabel)

        self.label2idx[self.START_TAG] = len(self.label2idx)
        self.idx2labels.append(self.START_TAG)
        self.label2idx[self.STOP_TAG] = len(self.label2idx)
        self.idx2labels.append(self.STOP_TAG)
        self.label_size = len(self.label2idx)
        #self.trig_label_size = len(self.triggerlabel)
        self.start_label_id = self.label2idx[self.START_TAG]
        self.stop_label_id = self.label2idx[self.STOP_TAG]
        print("#labels: {}".format(self.label_size))
        print("label 2idx: {}".format(self.label2idx))

    def use_iobes(self, insts: List[Instance]) -> None:
        """
        Use IOBES tagging schema to replace the IOB tagging schema in the instance
        :param insts:
        :return:
        """
        for inst in insts:
            output = inst.output
            for pos in range(len(inst)):
                curr_entity = output[pos]
                if pos == len(inst) - 1:
                    if curr_entity.startswith(self.B):
                        output[pos] = curr_entity.replace(self.B, self.S)
                    elif curr_entity.startswith(self.I):
                        output[pos] = curr_entity.replace(self.I, self.E)
                else:
                    next_entity = output[pos + 1]
                    if curr_entity.startswith(self.B):
                        if next_entity.startswith(self.O) or next_entity.startswith(self.B):
                            output[pos] = curr_entity.replace(self.B, self.S)
                    elif curr_entity.startswith(self.I):
                        if next_entity.startswith(self.O) or next_entity.startswith(self.B):
                            output[pos] = curr_entity.replace(self.I, self.E)

    def map_insts_ids(self, insts: List[Instance]):
        """
        Create id for word, char and label in each instance.
        :param insts:
        :return:
        """
        for inst in insts:
            words = inst.input.words
            inst.word_ids = []
            inst.char_ids = []
            inst.output_ids = [] if inst.output else None
            for word in words:
                if word in self.word2idx:
                    inst.word_ids.append(self.word2idx[word])
                else:
                    inst.word_ids.append(self.word2idx[self.UNK])
                char_id = []
                for c in word:
                    if c in self.char2idx:
                        char_id.append(self.char2idx[c])
                    else:
                        char_id.append(self.char2idx[self.UNK])
                inst.char_ids.append(char_id)
            if inst.output:
                for label in inst.output:
                    if label in self.label2idx:
                        inst.output_ids.append(self.label2idx[label])
                    else:
                        inst.output_ids.append(self.label2idx['O'])


================================================
FILE: config/eval.py
================================================
#
# @author: Allan
# edited by Dong-Ho Lee
#

import numpy as np
from overrides import overrides
from typing import List
from common import Instance
import torch

class Span:
    """
    A class of `Span` where we use it during evaluation.
    We construct spans for the convenience of evaluation.
    """
    def __init__(self, left: int, right: int, type: str):
        """
        A span compose of left, right (inclusive) and its entity label.
        :param left:
        :param right: inclusive.
        :param type:
        """
        self.left = left
        self.right = right
        self.type = type

    def __eq__(self, other):
        return self.left == other.left and self.right == other.right and self.type == other.type

    def __hash__(self):
        return hash((self.left, self.right, self.type))


def evaluate_batch_insts(batch_insts: List[Instance],
                         batch_pred_ids: torch.LongTensor,
                         batch_gold_ids: torch.LongTensor,
                         word_seq_lens: torch.LongTensor,
                         idx2label: List[str],
                         use_crf_layer: bool = True) -> np.ndarray:
    """
    Evaluate a batch of instances and handling the padding positions.
    :param batch_insts:  a batched of instances.
    :param batch_pred_ids: Shape: (batch_size, max_length) prediction ids from the viterbi algorithm.
    :param batch_gold_ids: Shape: (batch_size, max_length) gold ids.
    :param word_seq_lens: Shape: (batch_size) the length for each instance.
    :param idx2label: The idx to label mapping.
    :return: numpy array containing (number of true positive, number of all positive, number of true positive + number of false negative)
             You can also refer as (number of correctly predicted entities, number of entities predicted, number of entities in the dataset)
    """
    p = 0
    total_entity = 0
    total_predict = 0
    word_seq_lens = word_seq_lens.tolist()
    for idx in range(len(batch_pred_ids)):
        length = word_seq_lens[idx]
        output = batch_gold_ids[idx][:length].tolist()
        prediction = batch_pred_ids[idx][:length].tolist()
        prediction = prediction[::-1] if use_crf_layer else prediction
        output = [idx2label[l] for l in output]
        prediction =[idx2label[l] for l in prediction]
        batch_insts[idx].prediction = prediction
        #convert to span
        output_spans = set()
        start = -1
        for i in range(len(output)):
            if output[i].startswith("B-"):
                start = i
            if output[i].startswith("E-"):
                end = i
                output_spans.add(Span(start, end, output[i][2:]))
            if output[i].startswith("S-"):
                output_spans.add(Span(i, i, output[i][2:]))
        predict_spans = set()
        for i in range(len(prediction)):
            if prediction[i].startswith("B-"):
                start = i
            if prediction[i].startswith("E-"):
                end = i
                predict_spans.add(Span(start, end, prediction[i][2:]))
            if prediction[i].startswith("S-"):
                predict_spans.add(Span(i, i, prediction[i][2:]))

        total_entity += len(output_spans)
        total_predict += len(predict_spans)
        p += len(predict_spans.intersection(output_spans))

    # In case you need the following code for calculating the p/r/f in a batch.
    # (When your batch is the complete dataset)
    # precision = p * 1.0 / total_predict * 100 if total_predict != 0 else 0
    # recall = p * 1.0 / total_entity * 100 if total_entity != 0 else 0
    # fscore = 2.0 * precision * recall / (precision + recall) if precision != 0 or recall != 0 else 0

    return np.asarray([p, total_predict, total_entity], dtype=int)


================================================
FILE: config/reader.py
================================================
#
# @author: Allan
# edited by Dong-Ho Lee
#

from tqdm import tqdm
from common import Sentence, Instance
from typing import List
import re
from copy import deepcopy
import random
random.seed(1337)

class Reader:

    def __init__(self, digit2zero:bool=True):
        """
        Read the dataset into Instance
        :param digit2zero: convert the digits into 0, which is a common practice for LSTM-CRF.
        """
        self.digit2zero = digit2zero
        self.vocab = set()

    def read_txt(self, file: str, number: int = -1) -> List[Instance]:
        print("Reading file: " + file)
        insts = []
        with open(file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            words = []
            labels = []
            for line in tqdm(f.readlines()):
                line = line.rstrip()
                if line == "":
                    insts.append(Instance(Sentence(words), labels))
                    words = []
                    labels = []
                    if len(insts) == number:
                        break
                    continue
                word, label = line.split()
                if self.digit2zero:
                    word = re.sub('\d', '0', word) # replace digit with 0.
                words.append(word)
                self.vocab.add(word)
                labels.append(label)
        print("number of sentences: {}".format(len(insts)))
        return insts

    def read_trigger_txt(self, file: str, percentage, number: int = -1) -> List[Instance]:
        label_vocab = dict()
        print("Reading file: " + file)
        insts = []
        max_length = 0
        with open(file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            words = []
            labels = []
            word_index = 0
            for line in tqdm(f.readlines()):
                line = line.rstrip()
                if line == "":
                    # check the sequence of index to find entity which consists of multiple words
                    entity_dict = dict()
                    for ent in labels:
                        if ent[0].startswith("B-") or ent[0].startswith("I-") or ent[0].startswith("T-"):
                            if ent[0].split("-")[1] not in entity_dict:
                                entity_dict[ent[0].split("-")[1]] = [[words[ent[1]], ent[1]]]
                            else:
                                entity_dict[ent[0].split("-")[1]].append([words[ent[1]], ent[1]])

                    # entity word, index, type
                    trigger_positions = []
                    trigger_keys = []
                    for key in entity_dict:
                        if key in ['0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9']:
                            trigger_positions.append([i[1] for i in entity_dict[key]])
                            trigger_keys.append(" ".join(i[0] for i in entity_dict[key]))
                        else:
                            if key not in label_vocab:
                                label_vocab[key] = len(label_vocab)
                            trigger_label = label_vocab[key]

                    final_labels = []
                    for label in labels:
                        if label[0].startswith("T"):
                            final_labels.append("O")
                        else:
                            final_labels.append(label[0])

                    for trigger_position, trigger_key in zip(trigger_positions, trigger_keys):
                        insts.append(Instance(Sentence(words), final_labels, None, trigger_label, trigger_position, trigger_key))

                    #insts.append(Instance(Sentence(words), labels, None, trigger_label, trigger_positions))
                    if len(words) > max_length:
                        max_length = len(words)
                    words = []
                    labels = []
                    word_index = 0
                    if len(insts) == number:
                        break
                    continue
                word, label = line.split()

                if self.digit2zero:
                    word = re.sub('\d', '0', word) # replace digit with 0.
                words.append(word)
                self.vocab.add(word)
                labels.append([label, word_index])
                word_index += 1

        print("number of sentences: {}".format(len(insts)))
        return insts, max_length, len(label_vocab)


    def merge_labels(self, dataset):
        inst_dictionary = dict()

        for inst in dataset:
            key = " ".join(word for word in inst.input.words)
            if key not in inst_dictionary:
                inst_dictionary[key] = [inst]
            else:
                inst_dictionary[key].append(inst)

        for key in inst_dictionary:
            candidate_labels = []
            for inst in inst_dictionary[key]:
                candidate_labels.append(inst.output)

            final_labels = []
            for j in range(len(candidate_labels[0])):
                is_entity = False
                for i in range(len(candidate_labels)):
                    if candidate_labels[i][j] != 'O':
                        final_labels.append(candidate_labels[i][j])
                        is_entity = True
                        break
                if is_entity == False:
                    final_labels.append('O')

            for inst in inst_dictionary[key]:
                inst.output = final_labels

    def trigger_percentage(self, dataset, percentage):
        inst_dictionary = dict()

        for inst in dataset:
            key = " ".join(word for word in inst.input.words)
            if key not in inst_dictionary:
                inst_dictionary[key] = [inst]
            else:
                inst_dictionary[key].append(inst)

        numbers = int(len(inst_dictionary) * percentage / 100)
        new_inst_keys = list(inst_dictionary.keys())

        random.shuffle(new_inst_keys)
        new_inst_keys = new_inst_keys[:numbers]

        new_inst = []
        for key in new_inst_keys:
            new_inst.extend(inst_dictionary[key])

        return new_inst

================================================
FILE: config/utils.py
================================================
#
# @author: Allan
# edited by Dong-Ho Lee
#

from typing import List
from common import Instance
import torch.optim as optim
import pickle
import os.path
from config import PAD, ContextEmb, Config
from termcolor import colored
import torch
import torch.nn as nn

def log_sum_exp_pytorch(vec: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
    """
    Calculate the log_sum_exp trick for the tensor.
    :param vec: [batchSize * from_label * to_label].
    :return: [batchSize * to_label]
    """
    maxScores, idx = torch.max(vec, 1)
    maxScores[maxScores == -float("Inf")] = 0
    maxScoresExpanded = maxScores.view(vec.shape[0] ,1 , vec.shape[2]).expand(vec.shape[0], vec.shape[1], vec.shape[2])
    return maxScores + torch.log(torch.sum(torch.exp(vec - maxScoresExpanded), 1))


def batching_list_instances(config: Config, insts: List[Instance], is_soft=False, is_naive=False):
    train_num = len(insts)
    batch_size = config.batch_size
    total_batch = train_num // batch_size + 1 if train_num % batch_size != 0 else train_num // batch_size
    batched_data = []
    for batch_id in range(total_batch):
        one_batch_insts = insts[batch_id * batch_size:(batch_id + 1) * batch_size]
        batched_data.append(simple_batching(config, one_batch_insts, is_soft, is_naive))
    return batched_data


def simple_batching(config, insts: List[Instance], is_soft=False, is_naive=False):
    batch_size = len(insts)
    batch_data = insts
    label_size = config.label_size

    word_seq_len = torch.LongTensor(list(map(lambda inst: len(inst.input.words), batch_data)))
    max_seq_len = word_seq_len.max()
    char_seq_len = torch.LongTensor([list(map(len, inst.input.words)) + [1] * (int(max_seq_len) - len(inst.input.words)) for inst in batch_data])
    max_char_seq_len = char_seq_len.max()

    context_emb_tensor = None
    if config.context_emb != ContextEmb.none:
        emb_size = insts[0].elmo_vec.shape[1]
        context_emb_tensor = torch.zeros((batch_size, max_seq_len, emb_size))

    word_seq_tensor = torch.zeros((batch_size, max_seq_len), dtype=torch.long)
    label_seq_tensor = torch.zeros((batch_size, max_seq_len), dtype=torch.long)
    char_seq_tensor = torch.zeros((batch_size, max_seq_len, max_char_seq_len), dtype=torch.long)

    annotation_mask = None
    if batch_data[0].is_prediction is not None:
        annotation_mask = torch.zeros((batch_size, max_seq_len, label_size), dtype=torch.long)


    trigger_label_seq_tensor = None
    if batch_data[0].trigger_label is not None and is_naive == False:
        trigger_label_seq_tensor = torch.LongTensor(list(map(lambda inst: inst.trigger_label, batch_data)))

    trigger_vec_tensor = None
    if batch_data[0].trigger_vec is not None and is_naive == False:
        trigger_vec_tensor = []

    for idx in range(batch_size):
        word_seq_tensor[idx, :word_seq_len[idx]] = torch.LongTensor(batch_data[idx].word_ids)
        if batch_data[idx].output_ids:
            label_seq_tensor[idx, :word_seq_len[idx]] = torch.LongTensor(batch_data[idx].output_ids)
        if config.context_emb != ContextEmb.none:
            context_emb_tensor[idx, :word_seq_len[idx], :] = batch_data[idx].elmo_vec[1:batch_data[idx].elmo_vec.shape[0] - 1, :]
        if batch_data[idx].is_prediction is not None:
            for pos in range(len(batch_data[idx].input)):
                if batch_data[idx].is_prediction[pos]:
                    annotation_mask[idx, pos, :] = 1
                    annotation_mask[idx, pos, config.start_label_id] = 0
                    annotation_mask[idx, pos, config.stop_label_id] = 0
                else:
                    annotation_mask[idx, pos, batch_data[idx].output_ids[pos]] = 1
            annotation_mask[idx, word_seq_len[idx]:, :] = 1
        for word_idx in range(word_seq_len[idx]):
            char_seq_tensor[idx, word_idx, :char_seq_len[idx, word_idx]] = torch.LongTensor(batch_data[idx].char_ids[word_idx])
        for wordIdx in range(word_seq_len[idx], max_seq_len):
            char_seq_tensor[idx, wordIdx, 0: 1] = torch.LongTensor([config.char2idx[PAD]])
        if batch_data[idx].trigger_vec is not None and is_naive == False:
            trigger_vec_tensor.append(batch_data[idx].trigger_vec)

    word_seq_tensor = word_seq_tensor.to(config.device)
    label_seq_tensor = label_seq_tensor.to(config.device)
    char_seq_tensor = char_seq_tensor.to(config.device)
    word_seq_len = word_seq_len.to(config.device)
    char_seq_len = char_seq_len.to(config.device)
    annotation_mask = annotation_mask.to(config.device) if annotation_mask is not None else None

    trigger_label_seq_tensor = trigger_label_seq_tensor.to(config.device) if trigger_label_seq_tensor is not None else None
    trigger_position_seq_tensor = [batch_data[idx].trigger_positions for idx in range(batch_size)] if batch_data[0].trigger_positions is not None else None

    if is_soft:
        return word_seq_tensor, word_seq_len, context_emb_tensor, char_seq_tensor, char_seq_len, annotation_mask, label_seq_tensor, torch.stack(trigger_vec_tensor)
    else:
        return word_seq_tensor, word_seq_len, context_emb_tensor, char_seq_tensor, char_seq_len, annotation_mask, label_seq_tensor, trigger_position_seq_tensor, trigger_label_seq_tensor



def lr_decay(config, optimizer: optim.Optimizer, epoch: int) -> optim.Optimizer:
    """
    Method to decay the learning rate
    :param config: configuration
    :param optimizer: optimizer
    :param epoch: epoch number
    :return:
    """
    lr = config.learning_rate / (1 + config.lr_decay * (epoch - 1))
    for param_group in optimizer.param_groups:
        param_group['lr'] = lr
    print('learning rate is set to: ', lr)
    return optimizer


def load_bert_vec(file: str, insts: List[Instance]):

    if os.path.exists(file.split('.')[0]+'.vec'):
        f = open(file.split('.')[0]+'.vec', 'rb')
        bert_embedding = pickle.load(f)
        f.close()
        size = 0
        for vec, inst in zip(bert_embedding, insts):
            inst.elmo_vec = vec
            size = vec.shape[1]
            assert (vec.shape[0] == len(inst.input.words)+2)
        return size

    else:
        f = open(file.split('.')[0]+'.vec', 'wb')
        sentence_list = []
        for sent in insts:
            sentence = " ".join(str(w) for w in sent.input.words)
            sentence_list.append(sentence)

        sentence_list = tuple(sentence_list)
        bert_embedding = get_bert_embedding(sentence_list)
        pickle.dump(bert_embedding, f)
        f.close()

        size = 0
        for vec, inst in zip(bert_embedding, insts):
            inst.elmo_vec = vec
            size = vec.shape[1]
            assert (vec.shape[0] == len(inst.input.words)+2)
        return size


def get_bert_embedding(batch):
    tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased', do_lower_case=True)
    bert = BertModel.from_pretrained('bert-base-uncased')
    final_dataset = []
    for sentence in tqdm(batch):
        tokenized_sentence = ["[CLS]"] + tokenizer.tokenize(sentence) + ["[SEP]"]

        # pooling operation (BERT - first)
        isSubword = False
        firstSubwordList = []
        for t_id, token in enumerate(tokenized_sentence):
            if token.startswith("#") == False:
                isSubword = False
                firstSubwordList.append(t_id)
            if isSubword:
                continue
            if token.startswith("#"):
                isSubword = True

        input_ids = torch.tensor(tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(tokenized_sentence)).unsqueeze(0)
        outputs = bert(input_ids)
        embeddings = outputs[0][0]
        sentence_embedding = tuple()
        for ind in firstSubwordList:
            sentence_embedding = sentence_embedding + (embeddings[:, ind, :],)
        sentence_embedding = torch.cat(sentence_embedding, dim=0)
        final_dataset.append(sentence_embedding)

    return final_dataset


def get_optimizer(config: Config, model: nn.Module, name=None):
    params = model.parameters()
    if name is not None and name == "adam":
        print(colored("Using Adam", 'yellow'))
        return optim.Adam(params)
    elif name is not None and name == "sgd":
        print(
            colored("Using SGD: lr is: {}, L2 regularization is: {}".format(config.learning_rate, config.l2), 'yellow'))
        return optim.SGD(params, lr=config.learning_rate, weight_decay=float(config.l2))
    elif config.optimizer.lower() == "sgd":
        print(
            colored("Using SGD: lr is: {}, L2 regularization is: {}".format(config.learning_rate, config.l2), 'yellow'))
        return optim.SGD(params, lr=config.learning_rate, weight_decay=float(config.l2))
    elif config.optimizer.lower() == "adam":
        print(colored("Using Adam", 'yellow'))
        return optim.Adam(params)
    else:
        print("Illegal optimizer: {}".format(config.optimizer))
        exit(1)


def write_results(filename: str, insts):
    f = open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8')
    for inst in insts:
        for i in range(len(inst.input)):
            words = inst.input.words
            output = inst.output
            prediction = inst.prediction
            assert len(output) == len(prediction)
            f.write("{}\t{}\t{}\t{}\n".format(i, words[i], output[i], prediction[i]))
        f.write("\n")
    f.close()

================================================
FILE: dataset/BC5CDR/dev.txt
================================================
22	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
oxacalcitriol	I-Chemical
suppresses	O
secondary	B-Disease
hyperparathyroidism	I-Disease
without	O
inducing	O
low	B-Disease
bone	I-Disease
turnover	I-Disease
in	O
dogs	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Calcitriol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
suppresses	O
serum	O
levels	O
of	O
parathyroid	O
hormone	O
(	O
PTH	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
but	O
has	O
several	O
drawbacks	O
,	O
including	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
marked	O
suppression	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
bone	I-Disease
turnover	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
adynamic	B-Disease
bone	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
new	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
analogue	O
,	O
22	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
oxacalcitriol	I-Chemical
(	O
OCT	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
have	O
promising	O
characteristics	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
OCT	B-Chemical
on	O
serum	O
PTH	O
levels	O
and	O
bone	O
turnover	O
in	O
states	O
of	O
normal	O
or	O
impaired	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Sixty	O
dogs	O
were	O
either	O
nephrectomized	O
(	O
Nx	O
,	O
N	O
=	O
38	O
)	O
or	O
sham	O
-	O
operated	O
(	O
Sham	O
,	O
N	O
=	O
22	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
animals	O
received	O
supplemental	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
to	O
enhance	O
PTH	O
secretion	O
.	O

Fourteen	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
,	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
Nx	O
and	O
Sham	O
dogs	O
received	O
doses	O
of	O
OCT	B-Chemical
(	O
three	O
times	O
per	O
week	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
other	O
half	O
were	O
given	O
vehicle	O
for	O
60	O
weeks	O
.	O

Thereafter	O
,	O
the	O
treatment	O
modalities	O
for	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
animals	O
were	O
crossed	O
over	O
for	O
an	O
additional	O
eight	O
months	O
.	O

Biochemical	O
and	O
hormonal	O
indices	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
and	O
bone	O
metabolism	O
were	O
measured	O
throughout	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
and	O
bone	O
biopsies	O
were	O
done	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
60	O
weeks	O
after	O
OCT	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
treatment	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
crossover	O
period	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
Nx	O
dogs	O
,	O
OCT	B-Chemical
significantly	O
decreased	O
serum	O
PTH	O
levels	O
soon	O
after	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
long	O
-	O
standing	O
secondary	B-Disease
hyperparathyroidism	I-Disease
,	O
OCT	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
stabilized	O
serum	O
PTH	O
levels	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
months	O
.	O

Serum	O
PTH	O
levels	O
rose	O
thereafter	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
rise	O
was	O
less	O
pronounced	O
compared	O
with	O
baseline	O
than	O
the	O
rise	O
seen	O
in	O
Nx	O
control	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
were	O
accompanied	O
by	O
episodes	O
of	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
and	O
hyperphosphatemia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
animals	O
with	O
normal	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
OCT	B-Chemical
induced	O
a	O
transient	O
decrease	O
in	O
serum	O
PTH	O
levels	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
not	O
sustained	O
with	O
lowering	O
of	O
the	O
doses	O
.	O

In	O
Nx	O
dogs	O
,	O
OCT	B-Chemical
reversed	O
abnormal	O
bone	O
formation	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
woven	B-Disease
osteoid	I-Disease
and	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
significantly	O
alter	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
bone	O
turnover	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
OCT	B-Chemical
improved	O
mineralization	O
lag	O
time	O
,	O
(	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
the	O
rate	O
at	O
which	O
osteoid	O
mineralizes	O
)	O
in	O
both	O
Nx	O
and	O
Sham	O
dogs	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
even	O
though	O
OCT	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
completely	O
prevent	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
in	O
experimental	O
dogs	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
,	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
of	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
secondary	B-Disease
hyperparathyroidism	I-Disease
because	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
induce	O
low	B-Disease
bone	I-Disease
turnover	I-Disease
and	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
does	O
not	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
adynamic	B-Disease
bone	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
asystole	B-Disease
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
monitored	O
patient	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
asystole	B-Disease
after	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
73	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
who	O
underwent	O
electrocardiographic	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
monitoring	O
throughout	O
the	O
episode	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
cardiac	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
9	O
years	O
earlier	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
admitted	O
with	O
a	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
with	O
hemoptysis	B-Disease
,	O
rapidly	O
progressive	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
hypoxemia	B-Disease
that	O
required	O
mechanical	O
ventilation	O
in	O
the	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
.	O

After	O
receiving	O
advanced	O
cardiopulmonary	O
resuscitation	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
recovered	O
cardiac	O
rhythm	O
.	O

The	O
ECG	O
showed	O
a	O
junctional	O
rhythm	O
without	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
study	O
reviews	O
the	O
current	O
proposed	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
sudden	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
after	O
a	O
high	O
dose	O
of	O
intravenous	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
(	O
IVMP	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

These	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
not	O
well	O
understood	O
because	O
,	O
in	O
most	O
cases	O
,	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
not	O
monitored	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
of	O
the	O
event	O
.	O

Rapid	O
infusion	O
and	O
underlying	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
were	O
important	O
risk	O
factors	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
reported	O
here	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
authors	O
discount	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
as	O
the	O
main	O
mechanism	O
.	O

Worsening	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
by	O
motor	O
and	O
mental	O
tasks	O
.	O

Ten	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
with	O
disabling	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
were	O
included	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
mental	O
(	O
mental	O
calculation	O
)	O
and	O
motor	O
(	O
flexion	O
/	O
extension	O
of	O
right	O
fingers	O
,	O
flexion	O
/	O
extension	O
of	O
left	O
fingers	O
,	O
flexion	O
/	O
extension	O
of	O
the	O
neck	O
,	O
speaking	O
aloud	O
)	O
tasks	O
on	O
the	O
worsening	O
of	O
peak	O
-	O
dose	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
following	O
administration	O
of	O
an	O
effective	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
the	O
score	O
at	O
rest	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
significant	O
aggravation	O
of	O
the	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
score	O
was	O
observed	O
during	O
speaking	O
aloud	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
movements	O
of	O
right	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
left	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
fingers	O
,	O
movements	O
of	O
the	O
neck	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
mental	O
calculation	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
activation	O
tasks	O
such	O
as	O
"	O
speaking	O
aloud	O
"	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
objective	O
assessment	O
of	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
severity	O
.	O

Urine	O
N	O
-	O
acetyl	O
-	O
beta	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
glucosaminidase	O
-	O
-	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
tubular	O
damage	O
?	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
an	O
indicator	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
an	O
increased	O
urinary	O
N	O
-	O
acetyl	O
-	O
beta	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
glucosaminidase	O
(	O
NAG	O
)	O
activity	O
might	O
reflect	O
increased	O
lysosomal	O
activity	O
in	O
renal	O
tubular	O
cells	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
Sprague	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
to	O
induce	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

Total	O
protein	O
,	O
albumin	O
,	O
NAG	O
activity	O
and	O
protein	O
electrophoretic	O
pattern	O
were	O
assessed	O
in	O
daily	O
urine	O
samples	O
for	O
33	O
days	O
.	O

The	O
morphological	O
appearance	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
was	O
examined	O
on	O
days	O
three	O
,	O
four	O
,	O
six	O
,	O
eight	O
and	O
thirty	O
three	O
and	O
the	O
NAG	O
isoenzyme	O
patterns	O
on	O
days	O
zero	O
,	O
four	O
,	O
eight	O
and	O
thirty	O
three	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Following	O
intravenous	O
PAN	B-Chemical
urine	O
volume	O
and	O
urine	O
NAG	O
activity	O
increased	O
significantly	O
by	O
day	O
two	O
,	O
but	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
by	O
day	O
four	O
.	O

After	O
day	O
four	O
all	O
treated	O
animals	O
exhibited	O
a	O
marked	O
rise	O
in	O
urine	O
albumin	O
,	O
total	O
protein	O
excretion	O
and	O
NAG	O
activity	O
.	O

Electrophoresis	O
showed	O
a	O
generalised	O
increase	O
in	O
middle	O
and	O
high	O
molecular	O
weight	O
urine	O
proteins	O
from	O
day	O
four	O
onwards	O
.	O

Protein	O
droplets	O
first	O
appeared	O
prominent	O
in	O
tubular	O
cells	O
on	O
day	O
four	O
.	O

Peak	O
urine	O
NAG	O
activity	O
and	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
NAG	O
isoenzyme	O
pattern	O
coincided	O
with	O
both	O
the	O
peak	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
reduction	O
in	O
intracellular	O
protein	O
and	O
NAG	O
droplets	O
(	O
day	O
six	O
onwards	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
This	O
animal	O
model	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
lysosomal	O
turnover	O
and	O
hence	O
urine	O
NAG	O
activity	O
,	O
occurs	O
when	O
increased	O
protein	O
is	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
tubular	O
cells	O
.	O

Urine	O
NAG	O
activity	O
is	O
thus	O
a	O
measure	O
of	O
altered	O
function	O
in	O
the	O
renal	O
tubules	O
and	O
not	O
simply	O
an	O
indicator	O
of	O
damage	O
.	O

Cauda	B-Disease
equina	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
after	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
with	O
hyperbaric	O
5	O
%	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
six	O
cases	O
of	O
cauda	B-Disease
equina	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
reported	O
to	O
the	O
Swedish	O
Pharmaceutical	O
Insurance	O
1993	O
-	O
1997	O
.	O

Six	O
cases	O
of	O
cauda	B-Disease
equina	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
with	O
varying	O
severity	O
were	O
reported	O
to	O
the	O
Swedish	O
Pharmaceutical	O
Insurance	O
during	O
the	O
period	O
1993	O
-	O
1997	O
.	O

All	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
using	O
hyperbaric	O
5	O
%	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Five	O
cases	O
had	O
single	O
-	O
shot	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
and	O
one	O
had	O
a	O
repeat	O
spinal	O
anaesthetic	O
due	O
to	O
inadequate	O
block	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
of	O
hyperbaric	O
5	O
%	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
administered	O
ranged	O
from	O
60	O
to	O
120	O
mg	O
.	O

Three	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
were	O
most	O
likely	O
caused	O
by	O
direct	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
hyperbaric	O
5	O
%	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
other	O
3	O
cases	O
,	O
direct	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
also	O
probable	O
,	O
but	O
unfortunately	O
radiological	O
investigations	O
were	O
not	O
done	O
to	O
definitely	O
exclude	O
a	O
compressive	O
aetiology	O
.	O

All	O
cases	O
sustained	O
permanent	O
neurological	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
recommend	O
that	O
hyperbaric	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
administered	O
in	O
concentrations	O
not	O
greater	O
than	O
2	O
%	O
and	O
at	O
a	O
total	O
dose	O
preferably	O
not	O
exceeding	O
60	O
mg	O
.	O

Systemic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
following	O
administration	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
formerly	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
psoriasis	B-Disease
:	O
association	O
of	O
capillary	B-Disease
leak	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
with	O
apoptosis	O
of	O
lesional	O
lymphocytes	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
formerly	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
an	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
that	O
interferes	O
with	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
activation	O
.	O

After	O
2	O
individuals	O
with	O
psoriasis	B-Disease
developed	O
a	O
capillary	B-Disease
leak	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
oral	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
lesional	O
skin	O
cells	O
and	O
activated	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
cells	O
were	O
analyzed	O
for	O
induction	O
of	O
apoptosis	O
.	O

OBSERVATIONS	O
:	O
A	O
keratome	O
skin	O
specimen	O
from	O
1	O
patient	O
with	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
capillary	B-Disease
leak	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
had	O
a	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
fold	O
increase	O
in	O
percentage	O
of	O
apoptotic	O
cells	O
(	O
to	O
48	O
%	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
an	O
unaffected	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patient	O
with	O
psoriasis	B-Disease
(	O
21	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Activated	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
T	O
cells	O
from	O
patients	O
with	O
psoriasis	B-Disease
tended	O
to	O
exhibit	O
greater	O
spontaneous	O
or	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
apoptosis	O
than	O
did	O
normal	O
T	O
cells	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Severe	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
include	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
anemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
capillary	B-Disease
leak	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
symptoms	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
apoptosis	O
of	O
lesional	O
leukocytes	O
,	O
especially	O
activated	O
T	O
lymphocytes	O
,	O
and	O
possibly	O
release	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
mediators	O
.	O

Because	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
psoriasis	B-Disease
may	O
develop	O
capillary	B-Disease
leak	I-Disease
from	O
various	O
systemic	O
therapies	O
,	O
clinical	O
monitoring	O
is	O
advisable	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
inflammatory	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
who	O
are	O
treated	O
with	O
immune	O
modulators	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
maintenance	O
therapy	O
on	O
thyroid	O
and	O
parathyroid	O
function	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
changes	O
induced	O
by	O
lithium	B-Chemical
maintenance	O
therapy	O
on	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
thyroid	O
,	O
parathyroid	O
and	O
ion	O
alterations	O
.	O

These	O
were	O
evaluated	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
and	O
family	O
history	O
(	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
a	O
first	O
-	O
degree	O
relative	O
with	O
thyroid	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Prospective	O
study	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Affective	O
Disorders	O
Clinic	O
at	O
St	O
.	O

Mary	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
,	O
Montreal	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
and	O
one	O
patients	O
(	O
28	O
men	O
and	O
73	O
women	O
)	O
with	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
receiving	O
lithium	B-Chemical
maintenance	O
therapy	O
ranging	O
from	O
1	O
year	O
'	O
s	O
to	O
32	O
years	O
'	O
duration	O
.	O

The	O
control	O
group	O
consisted	O
of	O
82	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
or	O
endocrinological	O
diagnoses	O
from	O
the	O
hospital	O
'	O
s	O
out	O
-	O
patient	O
clinics	O
.	O

OUTCOME	O
MEASURES	O
:	O
Laboratory	O
analyses	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
,	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
and	O
thyroid	O
-	O
stimulating	O
hormone	O
levels	O
performed	O
before	O
beginning	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
at	O
biannual	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Hypothyroidism	B-Disease
developed	O
in	O
40	O
patients	O
,	O
excluding	O
8	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
hypothyroid	B-Disease
at	O
baseline	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
having	O
first	O
-	O
degree	O
relatives	O
affected	O
by	O
thyroid	B-Disease
illness	I-Disease
had	O
accelerated	O
onset	O
of	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
(	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
years	O
after	O
onset	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
patients	O
without	O
a	O
family	O
history	O
(	O
8	O
.	O
6	O
years	O
after	O
onset	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
)	O
.	O

Women	O
over	O
60	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
were	O
more	O
often	O
affected	O
by	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
than	O
women	O
under	O
60	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
(	O
34	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
versus	O
31	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Magnesium	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
patients	O
on	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
were	O
unchanged	O
from	O
baseline	O
levels	O
.	O

After	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
calcium	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
higher	O
than	O
either	O
baseline	O
levels	O
or	O
control	O
levels	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
counteracted	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
plasma	O
calcium	B-Chemical
levels	O
associated	O
with	O
aging	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Familial	O
thyroid	B-Disease
illness	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
and	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
during	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Severe	O
immune	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
prophylactic	O
use	O
of	O
cefotetan	B-Chemical
in	O
obstetric	O
and	O
gynecologic	O
procedures	O
.	O

Second	O
-	O
and	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
cephalosporins	B-Chemical
,	O
especially	O
cefotetan	B-Chemical
,	O
are	O
increasingly	O
associated	O
with	O
severe	O
,	O
sometimes	O
fatal	O
immune	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
noticed	O
that	O
10	O
of	O
our	O
35	O
cases	O
of	O
cefotetan	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemias	I-Disease
were	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
received	O
cefotetan	B-Chemical
prophylactically	O
for	O
obstetric	O
and	O
gynecologic	O
procedures	O
.	O

Eight	O
of	O
these	O
cases	O
of	O
severe	O
immune	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
are	O
described	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
on	O
hemostasis	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
aneurysmal	B-Disease
subarachnoid	I-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

Platelet	O
function	O
is	O
impaired	O
by	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
(	O
NSAIDs	O
)	O
with	O
prominent	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
properties	O
.	O

Their	O
safety	O
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
intracranial	O
surgery	O
is	O
under	O
debate	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
aneurysmal	B-Disease
subarachnoid	I-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
SAH	B-Disease
)	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
either	O
ketoprofen	B-Chemical
,	O
100	O
mg	O
,	O
three	O
times	O
a	O
day	O
(	O
ketoprofen	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
9	O
)	O
or	O
a	O
weak	O
NSAID	O
,	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
,	O
1	O
g	O
,	O
three	O
times	O
a	O
day	O
(	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
9	O
)	O
starting	O
immediately	O
after	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
aneurysmal	B-Disease
SAH	B-Disease
.	O

Treatment	O
was	O
continued	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
postoperatively	O
.	O

Test	O
blood	O
samples	O
were	O
taken	O
before	O
treatment	O
and	O
surgery	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
,	O
third	O
,	O
and	O
fifth	O
postoperative	O
mornings	O
.	O

Maximal	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
6	O
microM	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
diphosphate	I-Chemical
decreased	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
ketoprofen	B-Chemical
.	O

Aggregation	O
was	O
lower	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
ketoprofen	B-Chemical
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
group	O
just	O
before	O
surgery	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
third	O
postoperative	O
day	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
maximal	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
increased	O
in	O
the	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
group	O
on	O
the	O
third	O
postoperative	O
day	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
pretreatment	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
results	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
in	O
the	O
ketoprofen	B-Chemical
group	O
developed	O
a	O
postoperative	O
intracranial	O
hematoma	B-Disease
.	O

Coagulation	O
(	O
prothrombin	O
time	O
[	O
PT	O
]	O
,	O
activated	O
partial	O
thromboplastin	O
time	O
[	O
APPT	O
]	O
,	O
fibrinogen	O
concentration	O
,	O
and	O
antithrombin	O
III	O
[	O
AT	O
III	O
]	O
)	O
was	O
comparable	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Ketoprofen	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
impaired	O
platelet	O
function	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
SAH	B-Disease
.	O

If	O
ketoprofen	B-Chemical
is	O
used	O
before	O
surgery	O
on	O
cerebral	O
artery	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
,	O
it	O
may	O
pose	O
an	O
additional	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
.	O

Nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
lead	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
recently	O
showed	O
elevated	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
(	O
ROS	O
)	O
,	O
reduced	O
urinary	O
excretion	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
metabolites	O
(	O
NOx	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
NO	B-Chemical
sequestration	O
as	O
nitrotyrosine	B-Chemical
in	O
various	O
tissues	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
lead	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
discern	O
whether	O
the	O
reduction	O
in	O
urinary	O
NOx	O
in	O
lead	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
is	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
depressed	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
NOS	O
)	O
expression	O
.	O

Male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
a	O
lead	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
(	O
given	O
lead	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
,	O
100	O
ppm	O
,	O
in	O
drinking	O
water	O
and	O
regular	O
rat	O
chow	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
group	O
given	O
lead	B-Chemical
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
-	O
fortified	O
chow	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
normal	O
control	O
group	O
given	O
either	O
regular	O
food	O
and	O
water	O
or	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
-	O
fortified	O
food	O
for	O
12	O
weeks	O
.	O

Tail	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
urinary	O
NOx	O
excretion	O
,	O
plasma	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
(	O
MDA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
endothelial	O
and	O
inducible	O
NOS	O
(	O
eNOS	O
and	O
iNOS	O
)	O
isotypes	O
in	O
the	O
aorta	O
and	O
kidney	O
were	O
measured	O
.	O

The	O
lead	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
exhibited	O
a	O
rise	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
plasma	O
MDA	B-Chemical
concentration	O
,	O
a	O
fall	O
in	O
urinary	O
NOx	O
excretion	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
paradoxical	O
rise	O
in	O
vascular	O
and	O
renal	O
tissue	O
eNOS	O
and	O
iNOS	O
expression	O
.	O

Vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
supplementation	O
ameliorated	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
lowered	O
plasma	O
MDA	B-Chemical
concentration	O
,	O
and	O
raised	O
urinary	O
NOx	O
excretion	O
while	O
significantly	O
lowering	O
vascular	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
renal	O
,	O
tissue	O
eNOS	O
and	O
iNOS	O
expression	O
.	O

Vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
supplementation	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
either	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
plasma	O
MDA	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
NOS	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
study	O
also	O
revealed	O
significant	O
inhibition	O
of	O
NOS	O
enzymatic	O
activity	O
by	O
lead	B-Chemical
in	O
cell	O
-	O
free	O
preparations	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
lead	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
this	O
model	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
compensatory	O
upregulation	O
of	O
renal	O
and	O
vascular	O
eNOS	O
and	O
iNOS	O
expression	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
ROS	O
-	O
mediated	O
NO	B-Chemical
inactivation	O
,	O
lead	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
inhibition	O
of	O
NOS	O
activity	O
,	O
and	O
perhaps	O
stimulatory	O
actions	O
of	O
increased	O
shear	O
stress	O
associated	O
with	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
induces	O
attacks	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
without	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
in	O
sufferers	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
.	O

Migraine	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
and	O
migraine	B-Disease
without	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
have	O
the	O
same	O
pain	B-Disease
phase	O
,	O
thus	O
indicating	O
that	O
migraine	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
and	O
migraine	B-Disease
without	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
share	O
a	O
common	O
pathway	O
of	O
nociception	O
.	O

In	O
recent	O
years	O
,	O
increasing	O
evidence	O
has	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
messenger	O
molecule	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
pain	B-Disease
mechanisms	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
without	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
clarify	O
whether	O
the	O
same	O
is	O
true	O
for	O
migraine	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
,	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
headache	B-Disease
response	O
to	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
(	O
GTN	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
for	O
20	O
min	O
)	O
in	O
12	O
sufferers	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
specific	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
elucidate	O
whether	O
an	O
aura	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
an	O
attack	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
without	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
induced	O
.	O

Fourteen	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
served	O
as	O
controls	O
.	O

Aura	O
symptoms	O
were	O
not	O
elicited	O
in	O
any	O
subject	O
.	O

Headache	B-Disease
was	O
more	O
severe	O
in	O
migraineurs	B-Disease
than	O
in	O
the	O
controls	O
during	O
and	O
immediately	O
after	O
GTN	B-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
037	O
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
during	O
the	O
following	O
11	O
h	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
008	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
controls	O
,	O
the	O
GTN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
headache	B-Disease
gradually	O
disappeared	O
,	O
whereas	O
in	O
migraineurs	B-Disease
peak	O
headache	B-Disease
intensity	O
occurred	O
at	O
a	O
mean	O
time	O
of	O
240	O
min	O
post	O
-	O
infusion	O
.	O

At	O
this	O
time	O
the	O
induced	O
headache	B-Disease
in	O
6	O
of	O
12	O
migraineurs	B-Disease
fulfilled	O
the	O
diagnostic	O
criteria	O
for	O
migraine	B-Disease
without	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
International	O
Headache	B-Disease
Society	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
therefore	O
suggest	O
that	O
NO	B-Chemical
is	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
mechanisms	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
.	O

Since	O
cortical	O
spreading	O
depression	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
liberate	O
NO	B-Chemical
in	O
animals	O
,	O
this	O
finding	O
may	O
help	O
our	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
coupling	O
between	O
cortical	O
spreading	O
depression	B-Disease
and	O
headache	B-Disease
in	O
migraine	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
.	O

Rapid	O
reversal	O
of	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tetany	B-Disease
with	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
tetany	B-Disease
with	O
sudden	O
respiratory	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
infusion	O
of	O
intravenous	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
rapidly	O
resolved	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
tetany	B-Disease
with	O
prompt	O
recovery	O
of	O
respiratory	O
function	O
,	O
averting	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
more	O
aggressive	O
airway	O
management	O
and	O
ventilatory	O
support	O
.	O

The	O
emergency	O
physician	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
that	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
tetany	B-Disease
may	O
accompany	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
intravenous	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
and	O
that	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
a	O
rapid	O
and	O
effective	O
remedy	O
.	O

Predictors	O
of	O
decreased	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
during	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
therapy	O
:	O
results	O
from	O
the	O
studies	O
of	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
(	O
SOLVD	O
)	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
therapy	O
reduces	O
mortality	O
rates	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CHF	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
also	O
cause	O
decreased	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

Little	O
information	O
is	O
available	O
to	O
predict	O
which	O
patients	O
are	O
at	O
highest	O
risk	O
for	O
this	O
complication	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
quantify	O
specific	O
clinical	O
predictors	O
of	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
CHF	B-Disease
who	O
are	O
prescribed	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
therapy	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
We	O
analyzed	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
Studies	O
of	O
Left	B-Disease
Ventricular	I-Disease
Dysfunction	I-Disease
(	O
SOLVD	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
of	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
CHF	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
were	O
3379	O
patients	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
with	O
a	O
median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
974	O
days	O
and	O
3379	O
patients	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
placebo	O
with	O
a	O
mean	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
967	O
days	O
.	O

Decreased	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
was	O
defined	O
as	O
a	O
rise	O
in	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
>	O
/	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
44	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
from	O
baseline	O
.	O

We	O
used	O
time	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
event	O
analysis	O
to	O
identify	O
potential	O
predictors	O
of	O
decrease	O
in	O
renal	O
function	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
baseline	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
,	O
baseline	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
,	O
low	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
<	O
100	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
,	O
history	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
diabetes	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
use	O
of	O
antiplatelet	O
,	O
diuretic	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
therapy	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Patients	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
had	O
a	O
33	O
%	O
greater	O
likelihood	O
of	O
decreased	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
than	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
003	O
)	O
.	O

By	O
multivariate	O
analysis	O
,	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
placebo	O
and	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
groups	O
older	O
age	O
,	O
diuretic	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
diabetes	B-Disease
were	O
associated	O
with	O
decreased	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
therapy	O
and	O
higher	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
were	O
renoprotective	O
.	O

Older	O
age	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
greater	O
risk	O
of	O
developing	O
decreased	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
groups	O
,	O
but	O
significantly	O
more	O
so	O
in	O
the	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
:	O
risk	O
ratio	O
[	O
RR	O
]	O
1	O
.	O
42	O
per	O
10	O
years	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
1	O
.	O
32	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
52	O
with	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
;	O
placebo	O
:	O
RR	O
1	O
.	O
18	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
12	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
25	O
)	O
.	O

Diuretic	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
likewise	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
greater	O
risk	O
of	O
decreased	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
RR	O
1	O
.	O
89	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
70	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
08	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
(	O
RR	O
1	O
.	O
35	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
09	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
66	O
)	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
had	O
a	O
relative	O
renoprotective	O
effect	O
(	O
RR	O
1	O
.	O
33	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
13	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
53	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
(	O
RR	O
1	O
.	O
96	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
57	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
44	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
lower	O
risk	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
was	O
seen	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
with	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
therapy	O
(	O
RR	O
0	O
.	O
70	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
57	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
85	O
)	O
and	O
higher	O
baseline	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
(	O
RR	O
0	O
.	O
93	O
per	O
5	O
%	O
increment	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
91	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
96	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Enalapril	B-Chemical
use	O
caused	O
a	O
33	O
%	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
decreased	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
CHF	B-Disease
.	O

Diuretic	B-Chemical
use	O
and	O
advanced	O
age	O
increased	O
this	O
risk	O
.	O

Diabetes	B-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
in	O
all	O
patients	O
with	O
CHF	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
this	O
risk	O
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
the	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
group	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
.	O

beta	O
-	O
Blocker	O
therapy	O
and	O
higher	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
were	O
renoprotective	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
regardless	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Hypomania	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
syndrome	O
induced	O
by	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
female	O
patient	O
with	O
a	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
a	O
not	O
otherwise	O
specified	O
psychotic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
)	O
who	O
developed	O
hypomania	B-Disease
shortly	O
after	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Acetazolamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
Gerstmann	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Acute	O
confusion	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
acetazolamide	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
well	O
known	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
acetazolamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
Gerstmann	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
normal	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
to	O
highlight	O
predisposing	O
factors	O
that	O
are	O
frequently	O
overlooked	O
.	O

Vasopressin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
milrinone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
severe	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
phosphodiesterase	O
inhibitors	O
such	O
as	O
milrinone	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
severe	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
is	O
frequently	O
restricted	O
because	O
they	O
cause	O
vasodilation	O
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
decompensated	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
with	O
hypotension	B-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
milrinone	B-Chemical
,	O
low	O
doses	O
of	O
vasopressin	B-Chemical
restored	O
blood	O
pressure	O
without	O
inhibiting	O
the	O
inotropic	O
effect	O
of	O
milrinone	B-Chemical
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
adverse	O
effects	O
by	O
conversion	O
to	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
in	O
liver	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
.	O

When	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
side	O
effects	O
persist	O
despite	O
dose	O
reduction	O
,	O
conversion	O
to	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
immunosuppression	O
(	O
CyA	O
)	O
is	O
necessary	O
.	O

We	O
characterized	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
side	O
effects	O
that	O
warranted	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
,	O
and	O
outcomes	O
after	O
conversion	O
.	O

Of	O
388	O
liver	O
recipients	O
who	O
received	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
as	O
primary	O
immunosuppression	O
,	O
70	O
required	O
conversion	O
to	O
CyA	O
.	O

We	O
recorded	O
indication	O
for	O
conversion	O
,	O
whether	O
conversion	O
was	O
early	O
or	O
late	O
after	O
transplantation	O
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
dose	O
and	O
trough	O
blood	O
level	O
at	O
conversion	O
,	O
and	O
incidence	O
of	O
rejection	O
after	O
conversion	O
.	O

Conversion	O
was	O
early	O
in	O
29	O
patients	O
(	O
41	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
late	O
in	O
41	O
(	O
58	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Indications	O
for	O
early	O
conversion	O
were	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
20	O
)	O
,	O
(	B-Disease
insulin	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
dependent	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
(	O
IDDM	B-Disease
)	O
(	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
GI	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
(	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
late	O
conversion	O
were	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
15	O
)	O
,	O
IDDM	B-Disease
(	O
12	O
)	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
GI	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
(	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
post	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
transplant	I-Disease
lmphoproliferate	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PTLD	B-Disease
)	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
pruritus	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
early	O
-	O
conversion	O
patients	O
showed	O
improvement	O
/	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Among	O
late	O
-	O
conversion	O
patients	O
,	O
37	O
(	O
90	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
improvement	O
/	O
resolution	O
;	O
in	O
4	O
(	O
9	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
adverse	O
effects	O
persisted	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
rejection	O
rate	O
was	O
30	O
%	O
.	O

Sixty	O
-	O
two	O
patients	O
(	O
88	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
are	O
alive	O
with	O
functioning	O
grafts	O
686	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
362	O
days	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
154	O
-	O
1433	O
days	O
)	O
after	O
conversion	O
.	O

When	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
side	O
effects	O
are	O
unresponsive	O
to	O
dose	O
reduction	O
,	O
conversion	O
to	O
CyA	O
can	O
be	O
accomplished	O
safely	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
rejection	O
and	O
excellent	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
outcome	O
.	O

Ocular	O
manifestations	O
of	O
juvenile	B-Disease
rheumatoid	I-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
followed	O
210	O
cases	O
of	O
juvenile	B-Disease
rheumatoid	I-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
closely	O
for	O
eleven	O
years	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
six	O
of	O
the	O
210	O
patients	O
(	O
17	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
iridocyclitis	B-Disease
.	O

Iridocyclitis	B-Disease
was	O
seen	O
most	O
frequently	O
in	O
young	O
female	O
patients	O
(	O
0	O
to	O
4	O
years	O
)	O
with	O
the	O
monoarticular	O
or	O
pauciatricular	O
form	O
of	O
the	O
arthritis	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
30	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
developed	O
uveitis	B-Disease
after	O
16	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
.	O

Although	O
61	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
noncontributory	O
ocular	O
history	O
on	O
entry	O
,	O
42	O
%	O
had	O
active	O
uveitis	B-Disease
on	O
entry	O
.	O

Our	O
approach	O
was	O
effective	O
in	O
detecting	O
uveitis	B-Disease
in	O
new	O
cases	O
and	O
exacerbations	O
of	O
uveitis	B-Disease
in	O
established	O
cases	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
four	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
uveitis	B-Disease
had	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
identifiable	O
signs	O
or	O
symptoms	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
red	O
eye	O
,	O
ocular	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
decreased	B-Disease
visual	I-Disease
acuity	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
photophobia	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
order	O
of	O
decreasing	O
frequency	O
.	O

Even	O
after	O
early	O
detection	O
and	O
prompt	O
treatment	O
,	O
41	O
%	O
of	O
cases	O
of	O
uveitis	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
respond	O
to	O
more	O
than	O
six	O
months	O
of	O
intensive	O
topical	O
treatment	O
with	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
and	O
mydriatics	O
.	O

Despite	O
this	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
dramatic	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
50	O
%	O
incidence	O
of	O
blinding	O
complications	O
of	O
uveitis	B-Disease
cited	O
in	O
earlier	O
studies	O
.	O

Cataract	B-Disease
and	O
band	B-Disease
keratopathy	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
only	O
22	O
and	O
13	O
%	O
of	O
our	O
group	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

We	O
used	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
or	O
hydroxychloroquine	B-Chemical
in	O
173	O
of	O
210	O
cases	O
and	O
found	O
only	O
one	O
case	O
of	O
chorioretinopathy	B-Disease
attributable	O
to	O
these	O
drugs	O
.	O

Systemically	O
administered	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
were	O
used	O
in	O
75	O
of	O
210	O
cases	O
;	O
a	O
significant	O
number	O
of	O
posterior	O
subcapsular	O
cataracts	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
.	O

Typical	O
keratoconjunctivitis	B-Disease
sicca	O
developed	O
in	O
three	O
of	O
the	O
uveitis	B-Disease
cases	O
.	O

This	O
association	O
with	O
uveitis	B-Disease
and	O
JRA	O
was	O
not	O
noted	O
previously	O
.	O

Surgical	O
treatment	O
of	O
cataracts	B-Disease
,	O
band	B-Disease
keratopathy	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
achieved	O
uniformly	O
discouraging	O
results	O
.	O

Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
in	O
freely	O
-	O
moving	O
conscious	O
rats	O
:	O
behavioral	O
approach	O
to	O
a	O
new	O
model	O
of	O
visceral	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
develop	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
visceral	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
using	O
a	O
behavioral	O
approach	O
.	O

Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CP	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
antitumoral	O
agent	O
known	O
to	O
produce	O
toxic	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
bladder	O
wall	O
through	O
its	O
main	O
toxic	O
metabolite	O
acrolein	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
induce	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
CP	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
at	O
doses	O
of	O
50	O
,	O
100	O
and	O
200	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
to	O
male	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
behavior	O
observed	O
and	O
scored	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
4	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
on	O
CP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
behavioral	O
modifications	O
were	O
tested	O
administered	O
alone	O
and	O
after	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
90	O
minutes	O
after	O
CP	B-Chemical
injection	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
administration	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
bladder	O
was	O
removed	O
in	O
some	O
rats	O
for	O
histological	O
examination	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
to	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
bladder	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
the	O
CP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
behavioral	O
modifications	O
,	O
female	O
rats	O
also	O
received	O
CP	B-Chemical
at	O
doses	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
and	O
of	O
20	O
mg	O
.	O
by	O
the	O
intravesical	O
route	O
,	O
and	O
acrolein	B-Chemical
at	O
doses	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O
by	O
the	O
intravesical	O
route	O
and	O
of	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
CP	B-Chemical
dose	O
-	O
relatedly	O
induced	O
marked	O
behavioral	O
modifications	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
:	O
breathing	O
rate	O
decrease	O
,	O
closing	O
of	O
the	O
eyes	O
and	O
occurrence	O
of	O
specific	O
postures	O
.	O

Morphine	B-Chemical
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
reversed	O
these	O
behavioral	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O
produced	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
almost	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
behavioral	O
score	O
induced	O
by	O
CP	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
was	O
completely	O
prevented	O
by	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
.	O

At	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
administration	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
histological	O
modifications	O
of	O
the	O
bladder	O
wall	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
chorionic	O
and	O
muscle	O
layer	O
edema	B-Disease
,	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

In	O
female	O
rats	O
,	O
CP	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
produced	O
the	O
same	O
marked	O
behavioral	O
modifications	O
as	O
those	O
observed	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Administered	O
at	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
20	O
mg	O
.	O
intravesically	O
,	O
CP	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
produce	O
any	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
,	O
whereas	O
acrolein	B-Chemical
at	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O
intravesically	O
induced	O
behavioral	O
modifications	O
identical	O
to	O
those	O
under	O
CP	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
maximal	O
levels	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
acrolein	B-Chemical
5	O
mg	O
.	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
did	O
not	O
produce	O
any	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Overall	O
,	O
these	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
this	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
CP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
an	O
interesting	O
new	O
behavioral	O
model	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
visceral	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
allowing	O
a	O
better	O
understanding	O
of	O
these	O
painful	B-Disease
syndromes	I-Disease
and	O
thus	O
a	O
better	O
therapeutic	O
approach	O
to	O
them	O
.	O

Prednisolone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
is	O
caused	O
more	O
by	O
atrophy	B-Disease
than	O
by	O
altered	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
expression	O
.	O

Large	O
doses	O
of	O
glucocorticoids	O
can	O
alter	O
muscle	O
physiology	O
and	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
neuromuscular	O
blocking	O
drugs	O
by	O
mechanisms	O
not	O
clearly	O
understood	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
moderate	O
and	O
large	O
doses	O
of	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
on	O
muscle	O
function	O
and	O
pharmacology	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
relationship	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
muscle	O
size	O
and	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
(	O
AChR	O
)	O
expression	O
.	O

With	O
institutional	O
approval	O
,	O
35	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
receive	O
daily	O
subcutaneous	O
doses	O
of	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
(	O
P10	O
group	O
)	O
,	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
(	O
P100	O
group	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
an	O
equal	O
volume	O
of	O
saline	O
(	O
S	O
group	O
)	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
.	O

A	O
fourth	O
group	O
of	O
rats	O
was	O
pair	O
fed	O
(	O
food	O
restricted	O
)	O
with	O
the	O
P100	O
rats	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
(	O
FR	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
Day	O
8	O
,	O
the	O
nerve	O
-	O
evoked	O
peak	O
twitch	O
tensions	O
,	O
tetanic	B-Disease
tensions	O
,	O
and	O
fatigability	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
curves	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
tibialis	O
cranialis	O
muscle	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
vivo	O
and	O
related	O
to	O
muscle	O
mass	O
or	O
expression	O
of	O
AChRs	O
.	O

Rate	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
gain	O
was	O
depressed	O
in	O
the	O
P100	O
,	O
FR	O
,	O
and	O
P10	O
groups	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
S	O
group	O
.	O

Tibialis	O
muscle	O
mass	O
was	O
smaller	O
in	O
the	O
P100	O
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
P10	O
or	O
S	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
evoked	O
peak	O
twitch	O
and	O
tetanic	B-Disease
tensions	O
were	O
less	O
in	O
the	O
P100	O
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
P10	O
or	O
S	O
groups	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
tension	O
per	O
milligram	O
of	O
muscle	O
mass	O
was	O
greater	O
in	O
the	O
P100	O
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
S	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
50	O
%	O
effective	O
dose	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
(	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
tibialis	O
muscle	O
was	O
smaller	O
in	O
the	O
P10	O
(	O
33	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
S	O
(	O
61	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
or	O
the	O
P100	O
(	O
71	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
6	O
)	O
groups	O
.	O

AChR	O
expression	O
was	O
less	O
in	O
the	O
P10	O
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
S	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
evoked	O
tensions	O
correlated	O
with	O
muscle	O
mass	O
(	O
r	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
32	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
not	O
with	O
expression	O
of	O
AChR	O
.	O

The	O
50	O
%	O
effective	O
dose	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
muscle	O
mass	O
or	O
AChR	O
expression	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
neuromuscular	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
after	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
is	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
and	O
derives	O
primarily	O
from	O
muscle	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
and	O
derives	O
less	O
so	O
from	O
changes	O
in	O
AChR	O
expression	O
.	O

IMPLICATIONS	O
:	O
The	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
chronic	O
glucocorticoid	O
therapy	O
alters	O
neuromuscular	O
physiology	O
and	O
pharmacology	O
are	O
unclear	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
observed	O
effects	O
are	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
and	O
derive	O
primarily	O
from	O
muscle	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
and	O
derive	O
less	O
from	O
changes	O
in	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
expression	O
.	O

Apomorphine	B-Chemical
:	O
an	O
underutilized	O
therapy	O
for	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Apomorphine	B-Chemical
was	O
the	O
first	O
dopaminergic	O
drug	O
ever	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
symptoms	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

While	O
powerful	O
antiparkinsonian	O
effects	O
had	O
been	O
observed	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
1951	O
,	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
treating	O
fluctuating	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
by	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
has	O
only	O
recently	O
become	O
the	O
subject	O
of	O
systematic	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
number	O
of	O
small	O
scale	O
clinical	O
trials	O
have	O
unequivocally	O
shown	O
that	O
intermittent	O
subcutaneous	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
injections	O
produce	O
antiparkinsonian	O
benefit	O
close	O
if	O
not	O
identical	O
to	O
that	O
seen	O
with	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
and	O
that	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
rescue	O
injections	O
can	O
reliably	O
revert	O
off	O
-	O
periods	O
even	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
complex	O
on	O
-	O
off	O
motor	O
swings	O
.	O

Continuous	O
subcutaneous	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
infusions	O
can	O
reduce	O
daily	O
off	O
-	O
time	O
by	O
more	O
than	O
50	O
%	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
which	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
stronger	O
effect	O
than	O
that	O
generally	O
seen	O
with	O
add	O
-	O
on	O
therapy	O
with	O
oral	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonists	O
or	O
COMT	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

Extended	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
studies	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
8	O
years	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
persistence	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
efficacy	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
convincing	O
clinical	O
evidence	O
that	O
monotherapy	O
with	O
continuous	O
subcutaneous	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
infusions	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
marked	O
reductions	O
of	O
preexisting	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
main	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
subcutaneous	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
are	O
related	O
to	O
cutaneous	O
tolerability	O
problems	O
,	O
whereas	O
sedation	O
and	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
complications	O
play	O
a	O
lesser	O
role	O
.	O

Given	O
the	O
marked	O
degree	O
of	O
efficacy	O
of	O
subcutaneous	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
fluctuating	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
this	O
approach	O
seems	O
to	O
deserve	O
more	O
widespread	O
clinical	O
use	O
.	O

Probing	O
peripheral	O
and	O
central	O
cholinergic	O
system	O
responses	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
pharmacological	O
response	O
to	O
drugs	O
that	O
act	O
on	O
the	O
cholinergic	O
system	O
of	O
the	O
iris	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
predict	O
deficits	O
in	O
central	O
cholinergic	O
functioning	O
due	O
to	O
diseases	O
such	O
as	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
yet	O
correlations	O
between	O
central	O
and	O
peripheral	O
responses	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
properly	O
studied	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
normal	O
aging	O
on	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
the	O
tropicamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
pupil	O
diameter	O
,	O
and	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
the	O
reversal	O
of	O
this	O
effect	O
with	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

Scopolamine	B-Chemical
was	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
to	O
detect	O
age	O
-	O
dependent	O
changes	O
in	O
central	O
cholinergic	O
functioning	O
in	O
the	O
elderly	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
controlled	O
trial	O
.	O

PARTICIPANTS	O
:	O
Ten	O
healthy	O
elderly	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
70	O
)	O
and	O
9	O
young	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
33	O
)	O
volunteers	O
.	O

INTERVENTIONS	O
:	O
Pupil	O
diameter	O
was	O
monitored	O
using	O
a	O
computerized	O
infrared	O
pupillometer	O
over	O
4	O
hours	O
.	O

The	O
study	O
involved	O
4	O
sessions	O
.	O

In	O
1	O
session	O
,	O
tropicamide	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
microL	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
%	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
one	O
eye	O
and	O
placebo	O
to	O
the	O
other	O
.	O

In	O
another	O
session	O
,	O
tropicamide	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
microL	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
%	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
both	O
eyes	O
,	O
followed	O
23	O
minutes	O
later	O
by	O
the	O
application	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
microL	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
to	O
one	O
eye	O
and	O
placebo	O
to	O
the	O
other	O
.	O

All	O
eye	O
drops	O
were	O
given	O
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
order	O
.	O

In	O
2	O
separate	O
sessions	O
,	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
,	O
intravenously	O
)	O
or	O
placebo	O
was	O
administered	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
effects	O
on	O
word	O
recall	O
were	O
measured	O
using	O
the	O
Buschke	O
Selective	O
Reminding	O
Test	O
over	O
2	O
hours	O
.	O

OUTCOME	O
MEASURES	O
:	O
Pupil	O
size	O
at	O
time	O
points	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
tropicamide	B-Chemical
and	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
;	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
impairment	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
word	I-Disease
recall	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
There	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
between	O
elderly	O
and	O
young	O
volunteers	O
in	O
pupillary	O
response	O
to	O
tropicamide	B-Chemical
at	O
any	O
time	O
point	O
(	O
p	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
elderly	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
significantly	O
greater	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
net	O
decrease	O
in	O
pupil	O
size	O
85	O
,	O
125	O
,	O
165	O
and	O
215	O
minutes	O
after	O
administration	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
young	O
group	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
the	O
young	O
group	O
,	O
the	O
elderly	O
group	O
had	O
greater	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
impairment	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
word	I-Disease
recall	I-Disease
60	O
,	O
90	O
and	O
120	O
minutes	O
after	O
administration	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
There	O
is	O
an	O
age	O
-	O
related	O
pupillary	O
response	O
to	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
that	O
is	O
not	O
found	O
with	O
tropicamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
useful	O
to	O
assess	O
variations	O
in	O
central	O
cholinergic	O
function	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
responses	O
in	O
methadone	B-Chemical
-	O
maintained	O
opioid	O
abusers	O
.	O

Providing	O
pain	B-Disease
management	O
for	O
known	O
opioid	O
abusers	O
is	O
a	O
challenging	O
clinical	O
task	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
because	O
little	O
is	O
known	O
about	O
their	O
pain	B-Disease
experience	O
and	O
analgesic	O
requirements	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
describe	O
pain	B-Disease
tolerance	O
and	O
analgesic	O
response	O
in	O
a	O
sample	O
of	O
opioid	B-Disease
addicts	I-Disease
stabilized	O
in	O
methadone	B-Chemical
-	O
maintenance	O
(	O
MM	O
)	O
treatment	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
60	O
)	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
matched	O
nondependent	O
control	O
subjects	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
60	O
)	O
.	O

By	O
using	O
a	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
two	O
-	O
way	O
factorial	O
design	O
,	O
tolerance	O
to	O
cold	O
-	O
pressor	O
(	O
CP	O
)	O
pain	B-Disease
was	O
examined	O
,	O
both	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
of	O
common	O
opioid	O
(	O
hydromorphone	B-Chemical
2	O
mg	O
)	O
and	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
(	O
ketorolac	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
)	O
analgesic	O
agents	O
.	O

Results	O
showed	O
that	O
MM	O
individuals	O
were	O
significantly	O
less	O
tolerant	O
of	O
CP	O
pain	B-Disease
than	O
control	O
subjects	O
,	O
replicating	O
previous	O
work	O
.	O

Analgesic	O
effects	O
were	O
significant	O
neither	O
for	O
medication	O
nor	O
group	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
MM	O
opioid	O
abusers	O
represent	O
a	O
pain	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
intolerant	I-Disease
subset	O
of	O
clinical	O
patients	O
.	O

Their	O
complaints	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
evaluated	O
seriously	O
and	O
managed	O
aggressively	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
may	O
do	O
more	O
harm	O
for	O
spinal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Because	O
of	O
the	O
National	O
Acute	O
Spinal	B-Disease
Cord	I-Disease
Injury	I-Disease
Studies	O
(	O
NASCIS	O
)	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
became	O
the	O
standard	O
of	O
care	O
for	O
the	O
acute	O
spinal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
NASCIS	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
mention	O
regarding	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
acute	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
myopathy	B-Disease
that	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
may	O
cause	O
.	O

The	O
dosage	O
of	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
recommended	O
by	O
the	O
NASCIS	O
3	O
is	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
of	O
steroids	B-Chemical
ever	O
being	O
used	O
during	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
day	O
period	O
for	O
any	O
clinical	O
condition	O
.	O

We	O
hypothesize	O
that	O
it	O
may	O
cause	O
some	O
damage	B-Disease
to	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
of	O
spinal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Further	O
,	O
steroid	B-Chemical
myopathy	B-Disease
recovers	O
naturally	O
and	O
the	O
neurological	O
improvement	O
shown	O
in	O
the	O
NASCIS	O
may	O
be	O
just	O
a	O
recording	O
of	O
this	O
natural	O
motor	O
recovery	O
from	O
the	O
steroid	B-Chemical
myopathy	B-Disease
,	O
instead	O
of	O
any	O
protection	O
that	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
offers	O
to	O
the	O
spinal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
discussion	O
considering	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
the	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
recommended	O
by	O
NASCIS	O
may	O
cause	O
acute	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
myopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Conversion	O
to	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
immunosuppression	O
in	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
:	O
report	O
of	O
an	O
initial	O
experience	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
RAPA	B-Chemical
conversion	O
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
(	O
CsA	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
Tac	B-Chemical
)	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
were	O
switched	O
to	O
fixed	O
dose	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
RAPA	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
0	O
to	O
204	O
months	O
posttransplant	O
.	O

Drug	O
monitoring	O
was	O
not	O
initially	O
used	O
to	O
adjust	O
doses	O
.	O

The	O
indications	O
for	O
switch	O
were	O
chronic	O
CsA	B-Chemical
or	O
Tac	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
12	O
)	O
,	O
acute	O
CsA	B-Chemical
or	O
Tac	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
(	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
severe	O
facial	B-Disease
dysmorphism	I-Disease
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
posttransplant	B-Disease
lymphoproliferative	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
PTLD	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
remission	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
1	O
.	O

Follow	O
-	O
up	O
is	O
7	O
to	O
24	O
months	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
the	O
12	O
patients	O
switched	O
because	O
of	O
chronic	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
[	O
233	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
34	O
to	O
210	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
56	O
micromol	O
/	O
liter	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
at	O
6	O
months	O
]	O
.	O

Facial	B-Disease
dysmorphism	I-Disease
improved	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
.	O

No	O
relapse	O
of	O
PTLD	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
developed	O
pneumonia	B-Disease
(	O
two	O
Pneumocystis	B-Disease
carinii	I-Disease
pneumonia	I-Disease
,	O
one	O
infectious	B-Disease
mononucleosis	I-Disease
with	O
polyclonal	O
PTLD	B-Disease
lung	O
infiltrate	O
)	O
and	O
two	O
had	O
bronchiolitis	B-Disease
obliterans	I-Disease
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
deaths	O
.	O

RAPA	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
in	O
four	O
patients	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
pneumonia	B-Disease
in	O
two	O
,	O
PTLD	B-Disease
in	O
one	O
,	O
and	O
oral	O
aphtous	B-Disease
ulcers	I-Disease
in	O
one	O
.	O

RAPA	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
high	O
(	O
>	O
15	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
in	O
7	O
of	O
13	O
(	O
54	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
RAPA	B-Chemical
conversion	O
provides	O
adequate	O
immunosuppression	O
to	O
enable	O
CsA	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
when	O
converting	O
patients	O
to	O
RAPA	B-Chemical
drug	O
levels	O
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
to	O
avoid	O
over	O
-	O
immunosuppression	O
and	O
adequate	O
antiviral	O
and	O
Pneumocystis	B-Disease
carinii	I-Disease
pneumonia	I-Disease
prophylaxis	O
should	O
be	O
given	O
.	O

Electro	O
-	O
oculography	O
,	O
electroretinography	O
,	O
visual	O
evoked	O
potentials	O
,	O
and	O
multifocal	O
electroretinography	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
-	O
attributed	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
constriction	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
Symptomatic	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
constriction	I-Disease
thought	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

The	O
current	O
study	O
investigated	O
the	O
visual	O
fields	O
and	O
visual	O
electrophysiology	O
of	O
eight	O
patients	O
with	O
known	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
-	O
attributed	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
three	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
reported	O
previously	O
.	O

Six	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
no	O
longer	O
receiving	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
central	O
and	O
peripheral	O
fields	O
were	O
examined	O
with	O
the	O
Humphrey	O
Visual	O
Field	O
Analyzer	O
.	O

Full	O
visual	O
electrophysiology	O
,	O
including	O
flash	O
electroretinography	O
(	O
ERG	O
)	O
,	O
pattern	O
electroretinography	O
,	O
multifocal	O
ERG	O
using	O
the	O
VERIS	O
system	O
,	O
electro	O
-	O
oculography	O
,	O
and	O
flash	O
and	O
pattern	O
visual	O
evoked	O
potentials	O
,	O
was	O
undertaken	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Seven	O
patients	O
showed	O
marked	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
constriction	I-Disease
with	O
some	O
sparing	O
of	O
the	O
temporal	O
visual	O
field	O
.	O

The	O
eighth	O
exhibited	O
concentric	O
constriction	O
.	O

Most	O
electrophysiological	O
responses	O
were	O
usually	O
just	O
within	O
normal	O
limits	O
;	O
two	O
patients	O
had	O
subnormal	O
Arden	O
electro	O
-	O
oculography	O
indices	O
;	O
and	O
one	O
patient	O
showed	O
an	O
abnormally	O
delayed	O
photopic	O
b	O
wave	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
five	O
patients	O
showed	O
delayed	O
30	O
-	O
Hz	O
flicker	O
b	O
waves	O
,	O
and	O
seven	O
patients	O
showed	O
delayed	O
oscillatory	O
potentials	O
.	O

Multifocal	O
ERG	O
showed	O
abnormalities	O
that	O
sometimes	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
visual	O
field	O
appearance	O
and	O
confirmed	O
that	O
the	O
deficit	O
occurs	O
at	O
the	O
retinal	O
level	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Marked	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
constriction	I-Disease
appears	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
field	O
defects	O
and	O
some	O
electrophysiological	O
abnormalities	O
persist	O
when	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
is	O
withdrawn	O
.	O

Myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
during	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
echocardiography	O
(	O
DSE	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
useful	O
and	O
safe	O
provocation	O
test	O
for	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
.	O

Until	O
now	O
,	O
the	O
test	O
has	O
been	O
focused	O
only	O
on	O
the	O
organic	O
lesion	O
in	O
the	O
coronary	O
artery	O
,	O
and	O
positive	O
DSE	O
has	O
indicated	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
significant	O
fixed	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
examine	O
whether	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
coronary	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
is	O
induced	O
by	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
performed	O
DSE	O
on	O
51	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
spastic	I-Disease
angina	I-Disease
but	O
without	O
significant	O
fixed	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
.	O

All	O
patients	O
had	O
anginal	B-Disease
attacks	O
at	O
rest	O
with	O
ST	O
elevation	O
on	O
the	O
electrocardiogram	O
(	O
variant	B-Disease
angina	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Coronary	O
spasm	O
was	O
induced	O
by	O
intracoronary	O
injection	O
of	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
no	O
fixed	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
was	O
documented	O
on	O
angiograms	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

DSE	O
was	O
performed	O
with	O
intravenous	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
with	O
an	O
incremental	O
doses	O
of	O
5	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
20	O
,	O
30	O
,	O
and	O
40	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
every	O
5	O
minutes	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
51	O
patients	O
,	O
7	O
patients	O
showed	O
asynergy	O
with	O
ST	O
elevation	O
.	O

All	O
7	O
patients	O
(	O
13	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
during	O
asynergy	O
,	O
and	O
both	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
electrocardiographic	O
changes	O
were	O
preceded	O
by	O
asynergy	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
can	O
provoke	O
coronary	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
in	O
some	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
spastic	I-Disease
angina	I-Disease
.	O

When	O
DSE	O
is	O
performed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
not	O
only	O
fixed	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
also	O
coronary	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
should	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
a	O
genesis	O
of	O
asynergy	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
intravenous	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
or	O
intravenous	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
plus	O
glucagon	O
on	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
on	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
testing	O
with	O
technetium	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
99m	I-Chemical
sestamibi	I-Chemical
single	O
-	O
photon	O
emission	O
computed	O
tomography	O
imaging	O
and	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
monitoring	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
intravenous	O
glucagon	O
on	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
effects	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Community	O
hospital	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
known	O
reversible	O
perfusion	O
defects	O
.	O

INTERVENTION	O
:	O
Patients	O
underwent	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
tests	O
per	O
standard	O
protocol	O
.	O

Before	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
was	O
begun	O
,	O
no	O
therapy	O
was	O
given	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
visit	O
,	O
and	O
patients	O
were	O
randomized	O
on	O
subsequent	O
visits	O
to	O
receive	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
or	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
plus	O
glucagon	O
1	O
mg	O
.	O

Metoprolol	B-Chemical
was	O
dosed	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
resting	O
predobutamine	B-Chemical
heart	O
rate	O
below	O
65	O
beats	O
/	O
minute	O
or	O
a	O
total	O
intravenous	O
dose	O
of	O
20	O
mg	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
Metoprolol	B-Chemical
reduced	O
maximum	O
heart	O
rate	O
31	O
%	O
,	O
summed	O
stress	O
scores	O
29	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
summed	O
difference	O
scores	O
43	O
%	O
versus	O
control	O
.	O

Metoprolol	B-Chemical
plus	O
glucagon	O
also	O
reduced	O
the	O
maximum	O
heart	O
rate	O
29	O
%	O
versus	O
control	O
.	O

Summed	O
stress	O
and	O
summed	O
difference	O
scores	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
,	O
although	O
they	O
were	O
18	O
%	O
and	O
30	O
%	O
lower	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
than	O
control	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
differences	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
any	O
parameter	O
between	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
and	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
-	O
glucagon	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
During	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
testing	O
,	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
attenuates	O
or	O
eliminates	O
evidence	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
.	O

Glucagon	O
1	O
mg	O
,	O
although	O
somewhat	O
effective	O
,	O
does	O
not	O
correct	O
this	O
effect	O
to	O
the	O
extent	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
administered	O
clinically	O
.	O

Evidence	O
of	O
functional	O
somatotopy	O
in	O
GPi	O
from	O
results	O
of	O
pallidotomy	O
.	O

The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
functional	O
anatomy	O
of	O
the	O
globus	O
pallidus	O
internus	O
(	O
GPi	O
)	O
by	O
studying	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
unilateral	O
pallidotomy	O
on	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
'	O
off	O
'	O
signs	O
and	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
(	O
LID	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
significant	O
positive	O
correlations	O
between	O
the	O
preoperative	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
responsiveness	O
of	O
motor	O
signs	O
and	O
the	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
responsiveness	O
of	O
scores	O
in	O
timed	O
tests	O
(	O
Core	O
Assessment	O
Program	O
for	O
Intracerebral	O
Transplantations	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
contralateral	O
limbs	O
and	O
the	O
improvement	O
in	O
these	O
scores	O
after	O
surgery	O
,	O
whereas	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
correlation	O
with	O
the	O
improvement	O
in	O
LID	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
also	O
found	O
a	O
highly	O
significant	O
correlation	O
(	O
P	O
:	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
,	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
between	O
the	O
volume	O
of	O
the	O
ventral	O
lesion	O
in	O
the	O
GPi	O
and	O
the	O
improvement	O
in	O
LID	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
contralateral	O
limbs	O
,	O
whereas	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
correlation	O
between	O
the	O
ventral	O
volume	O
and	O
the	O
improvement	O
in	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
'	O
off	O
'	O
signs	O
.	O

The	O
volumes	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
lesion	O
cylinder	O
and	O
the	O
dorsal	O
lesion	O
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
the	O
outcome	O
of	O
either	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
or	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
'	O
off	O
'	O
signs	O
.	O

The	O
differential	O
predictive	O
value	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
responsiveness	O
for	O
the	O
outcome	O
of	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
'	O
off	O
'	O
signs	O
and	O
LID	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
different	O
correlations	O
of	O
ventral	O
lesion	O
volume	O
with	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
and	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
'	O
off	O
'	O
signs	O
indicate	O
that	O
different	O
anatomical	O
or	O
pathophysiological	O
substrates	O
may	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
generation	O
of	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
'	O
off	O
'	O
signs	O
and	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

Whereas	O
cells	O
in	O
a	O
wider	O
area	O
of	O
the	O
GPi	O
may	O
be	O
implicated	O
in	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
ventral	O
GPi	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
crucial	O
for	O
the	O
manifestation	O
of	O
LID	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
our	O
observations	O
are	O
additional	O
proof	O
of	O
the	O
functional	O
somatotopy	O
of	O
the	O
systems	O
within	O
the	O
GPi	O
that	O
mediate	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
and	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
,	O
especially	O
along	O
the	O
dorsoventral	O
trajectory	O
used	O
in	O
pallidotomy	O
.	O

The	O
outcome	O
of	O
pallidotomy	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
lesion	O
involves	O
the	O
ventral	O
and	O
dorsal	O
GPi	O
could	O
be	O
the	O
net	O
effect	O
of	O
alteration	O
in	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
pathways	O
which	O
mediate	O
different	O
symptoms	O
,	O
and	O
hence	O
could	O
be	O
variable	O
.	O

Screening	O
for	O
stimulant	O
use	O
in	O
adult	O
emergency	O
department	O
seizure	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
positive	O
plasma	O
drug	O
screening	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
or	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
in	O
adult	O
emergency	O
department	O
seizure	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
prospective	O
study	O
evaluated	O
consecutive	O
eligible	O
seizure	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
had	O
a	O
plasma	O
sample	O
collected	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
clinical	O
evaluation	O
.	O

Plasma	O
was	O
tested	O
for	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
metabolite	O
benzoylecgonine	B-Chemical
using	O
enzyme	O
-	O
mediated	O
immunoassay	O
methodology	O
.	O

Plasma	O
samples	O
with	O
benzoylecgonine	B-Chemical
greater	O
than	O
150	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
or	O
an	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
greater	O
than	O
500	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
were	O
defined	O
as	O
positive	O
.	O

Patient	O
demographics	O
,	O
history	O
of	O
underlying	O
drug	O
or	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
seizure	B-Disease
disorder	O
,	O
estimated	O
time	O
from	O
seizure	B-Disease
to	O
sample	O
collection	O
,	O
history	O
or	O
suspicion	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
amphetamine	I-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
,	O
results	O
of	O
clinical	O
urine	O
testing	O
for	O
drugs	O
of	O
abuse	O
,	O
and	O
assay	O
results	O
were	O
recorded	O
without	O
patient	O
identifiers	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Fourteen	O
of	O
248	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
plasma	O
samples	O
were	O
positive	O
by	O
immunoassay	O
testing	O
for	O
benzoylecgonine	B-Chemical
and	O
no	O
samples	O
(	O
0	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
positive	O
for	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Positive	O
test	O
results	O
were	O
more	O
common	O
in	O
patient	O
visits	O
where	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
history	O
or	O
suspicion	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
amphetamine	I-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0005	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
During	O
this	O
study	O
period	O
,	O
routine	O
plasma	O
screening	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
amphetamines	B-Chemical
in	O
adult	O
seizure	B-Disease
patients	O
had	O
a	O
low	O
yield	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
routine	O
plasma	O
screening	O
would	O
yield	O
few	O
cases	O
of	O
stimulant	O
drug	O
in	O
which	O
there	O
was	O
neither	O
a	O
history	O
nor	O
suspicion	O
of	O
drug	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
in	O
this	O
population	O
.	O

Contribution	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
valproate	I-Chemical
to	O
the	O
syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
inappropriate	I-Disease
secretion	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
antidiuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
62	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
was	O
administered	O
sodium	B-Chemical
valproate	I-Chemical
(	O
VPA	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
who	O
subsequently	O
developed	O
the	O
syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
inappropriate	I-Disease
secretion	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
antidiuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
(	O
SIADH	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

He	O
had	O
been	O
taking	O
VPA	B-Chemical
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
idiopathic	O
generalized	O
tonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
convulsions	I-Disease
since	O
he	O
was	O
56	O
years	O
old	O
.	O

After	O
substituting	O
VPA	B-Chemical
with	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
serum	O
sodium	B-Chemical
level	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
.	O

We	O
consider	O
this	O
episode	O
of	O
SIADH	B-Disease
to	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
factors	O
including	O
a	O
weakness	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
administration	O
of	O
VPA	B-Chemical
.	O

Association	O
of	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
production	O
and	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
experimental	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
In	O
recent	O
studies	O
increased	O
amounts	O
of	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
apoptosis	O
have	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
various	O
pathological	O
conditions	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
studied	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
association	O
with	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
an	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
ADR	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
alteration	O
in	O
the	O
NO	B-Chemical
pathway	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
measuring	O
nitrite	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
serum	O
/	O
urine	O
and	O
by	O
evaluating	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
vascular	O
reactivity	O
of	O
the	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
rat	O
kidney	O
(	O
IPRK	O
)	O
system	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
stratified	O
into	O
control	O
groups	O
and	O
ADR	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
groups	O
.	O

These	O
two	O
groups	O
were	O
then	O
divided	O
into	O
:	O
group	O
1	O
,	O
animals	O
receiving	O
saline	O
;	O
and	O
group	O
2	O
,	O
animals	O
receiving	O
aminoguanidine	B-Chemical
(	O
AG	B-Chemical
)	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
specific	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
inducible	O
-	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
.	O

On	O
day	O
21	O
,	O
rats	O
were	O
sacrificed	O
after	O
obtaining	O
material	O
for	O
biochemical	O
analysis	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Histopathological	O
examination	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
of	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
ADR	B-Chemical
revealed	O
focal	O
areas	O
of	O
mesangial	B-Disease
proliferation	I-Disease
and	O
mild	O
tubulointerstitial	B-Disease
inflammation	I-Disease
.	O

They	O
also	O
had	O
significantly	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
control	O
and	O
treatment	O
groups	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Urine	O
nitrite	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
ADR	B-Chemical
-	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
IPRK	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
and	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
related	O
responses	O
were	O
significantly	O
impaired	O
in	O
the	O
ADR	B-Chemical
-	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
group	O
.	O

Apoptosis	O
was	O
not	O
detected	O
in	O
controls	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
ADR	B-Chemical
-	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
numerous	O
apoptotic	O
cells	O
were	O
identified	O
in	O
the	O
tubulointerstitial	O
areas	O
.	O

Double	O
staining	O
revealed	O
numerous	O
interstitial	O
apoptotic	O
cells	O
to	O
stain	O
for	O
ED1	O
,	O
a	O
marker	O
for	O
monocytes	O
/	O
macrophages	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
AG	B-Chemical
prevented	O
the	O
impairment	O
of	O
renal	O
vascular	O
bed	O
responses	O
and	O
reduced	O
both	O
urine	O
nitrite	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
apoptosis	O
to	O
control	O
levels	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
We	O
suggest	O
that	O
interactions	O
between	O
NO	B-Chemical
and	O
apoptosis	O
are	O
important	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
the	O
ADR	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Dual	O
effects	O
of	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
on	O
barbiturate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
narcosis	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Melatonin	B-Chemical
affects	O
the	O
circadian	O
sleep	O
/	O
wake	O
cycle	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
clear	O
whether	O
it	O
may	O
influence	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
narcosis	B-Disease
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
thiopenthal	I-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
intraperitoneally	O
into	O
male	O
rats	O
pre	O
-	O
treated	O
with	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
5	O
and	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Melatonin	B-Chemical
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
affected	O
in	O
a	O
dual	O
manner	O
barbiturate	B-Chemical
narcosis	B-Disease
,	O
however	O
,	O
no	O
dose	O
-	O
effect	O
correlation	O
was	O
found	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
,	O
low	O
doses	O
reduced	O
the	O
latency	O
to	O
and	O
prolonged	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
barbiturate	B-Chemical
narcosis	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
of	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
caused	O
a	O
paradoxical	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
latency	O
and	O
produced	O
a	O
sustained	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
narcosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
mortality	O
rate	O
.	O

Melatonin	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
influenced	O
the	O
duration	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
latency	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
-	O
or	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
narcosis	B-Disease
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
dual	O
action	O
of	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
on	O
pharmacological	O
narcosis	B-Disease
seems	O
to	O
be	O
specific	O
for	O
the	O
barbiturate	B-Chemical
mechanism	O
of	O
action	O
.	O

Reduced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
preserved	O
antitumor	O
efficacy	O
of	O
liposome	O
-	O
encapsulated	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
conventional	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
multicenter	O
trial	O
of	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
whether	O
Myocet	B-Chemical
(	O
liposome	O
-	O
encapsulated	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
;	O
The	O
Liposome	O
Company	O
,	O
Elan	O
Corporation	O
,	O
Princeton	O
,	O
NJ	O
)	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reduces	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
while	O
providing	O
comparable	O
antitumor	O
efficacy	O
in	O
first	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	O
of	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
MBC	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Two	O
hundred	O
ninety	O
-	O
seven	O
patients	O
with	O
MBC	B-Disease
and	O
no	O
prior	O
chemotherapy	O
for	O
metastatic	O
disease	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
either	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
of	O
Myocet	B-Chemical
(	O
M	O
)	O
or	O
conventional	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
C	O
)	O
,	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
until	O
disease	O
progression	O
or	O
unacceptable	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
defined	O
by	O
reductions	O
in	O
left	O
-	O
ventricular	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
,	O
assessed	O
by	O
serial	O
multigated	O
radionuclide	O
angiography	O
scans	O
,	O
or	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CHF	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Antitumor	O
efficacy	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
objective	O
tumor	B-Disease
response	O
rates	O
(	O
World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
criteria	O
)	O
,	O
time	O
to	O
progression	O
,	O
and	O
survival	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Six	O
percent	O
of	O
MC	O
patients	O
versus	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
including	O
five	O
cases	O
of	O
CHF	B-Disease
)	O
of	O
AC	O
patients	O
developed	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
0002	O
)	O
.	O

Median	O
cumulative	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
dose	O
at	O
onset	O
was	O
more	O
than	O
2	O
,	O
220	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
MC	O
versus	O
480	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
AC	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
0001	O
,	O
hazard	O
ratio	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
04	O
)	O
.	O

MC	O
patients	O
also	O
experienced	O
less	O
grade	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
.	O

Antitumor	O
efficacy	O
of	O
MC	O
versus	O
AC	O
was	O
comparable	O
:	O
objective	O
response	O
rates	O
,	O
43	O
%	O
versus	O
43	O
%	O
;	O
median	O
time	O
to	O
progression	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
versus	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
months	O
;	O
median	O
time	O
to	O
treatment	O
failure	O
,	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
versus	O
4	O
.	O
4	O
months	O
;	O
and	O
median	O
survival	O
,	O
19	O
versus	O
16	O
months	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Myocet	B-Chemical
improves	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
index	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
by	O
significantly	O
reducing	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
grade	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
and	O
provides	O
comparable	O
antitumor	O
efficacy	O
,	O
when	O
used	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
as	O
first	O
-	O
line	O
therapy	O
for	O
MBC	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
nitrergic	O
system	O
in	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsion	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
mouse	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
)	O
a	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
synthase	O
inhibitor	O
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
NO	B-Chemical
precursor	O
,	O
were	O
investigated	O
on	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
first	O
experiment	O
,	O
four	O
groups	O
of	O
mice	O
received	O
physiological	O
saline	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
(	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Thirty	O
minutes	O
after	O
these	O
injections	O
,	O
all	O
mice	O
received	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
second	O
experiment	O
,	O
four	O
groups	O
of	O
mice	O
received	O
similar	O
treatment	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
experiment	O
,	O
and	O
30	O
min	O
after	O
these	O
injections	O
,	O
all	O
mice	O
received	O
a	O
higher	O
dose	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
80	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
treatment	O
increased	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
80	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
significantly	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
may	O
suggest	O
that	O
NO	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
proconvulsant	O
mediator	O
in	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Erythropoietin	O
restores	O
the	O
anemia	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
reduction	O
in	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
cytotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rat	O
tumors	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
anemia	B-Disease
prevention	O
by	O
recombinant	O
human	O
erythropoietin	O
(	O
rHuEPO	O
)	O
treatment	O
on	O
the	O
cytotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
in	O
solid	O
experimental	O
tumors	B-Disease
.	O

Anemia	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
using	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
reduction	O
(	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
hemoglobin	O
concentration	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
second	O
group	O
,	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
prevented	O
by	O
rHuEPO	O
(	O
1000	O
IU	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
administered	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
three	O
times	O
/	O
week	O
starting	O
7	O
days	O
before	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
application	O
.	O

Four	O
days	O
after	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
tumors	B-Disease
(	O
DS	O
-	O
sarcoma	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
rat	O
)	O
were	O
implanted	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
onto	O
the	O
hind	O
food	O
dorsum	O
.	O

Neither	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
nor	O
rHuEPO	O
treatment	O
influenced	O
tumor	B-Disease
growth	O
rate	O
per	O
se	O
.	O

When	O
tumors	B-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
5	O
days	O
after	O
implantation	O
,	O
a	O
growth	O
delay	O
with	O
a	O
subsequent	O
regrowth	O
of	O
the	O
tumors	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
anemia	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
the	O
growth	O
delay	O
was	O
significantly	O
shorter	O
compared	O
with	O
nonanemic	O
controls	O
(	O
13	O
.	O
3	O
days	O
versus	O
8	O
.	O
6	O
days	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
group	O
where	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
prevented	O
by	O
rHuEPO	O
treatment	O
,	O
growth	O
delay	O
was	O
comparable	O
with	O
that	O
of	O
nonanemic	O
controls	O
(	O
13	O
.	O
3	O
days	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
reduces	O
cytotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
in	O
tumors	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
correction	O
of	O
anemia	B-Disease
by	O
rHuEPO	O
treatment	O
(	O
epoetin	O
alpha	O
)	O
increases	O
the	O
sensitivity	O
,	O
probably	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
an	O
improved	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
supply	O
to	O
tumor	B-Disease
tissue	O
.	O

Fatal	O
haemorrhagic	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Haemorrhagic	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
important	O
complication	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Echocardiographic	O
identification	O
of	O
the	O
disorder	O
can	O
be	O
made	O
.	O

We	O
believe	O
that	O
the	O
ultrasound	O
features	O
of	O
this	O
disorder	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
previously	O
reported	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
on	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
and	O
its	O
electrophysiological	O
determinants	O
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Atrial	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
-	O
induced	O
remodeling	O
promotes	O
the	O
occurrence	O
and	O
maintenance	O
of	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
(	O
AF	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
decreases	O
L	O
-	O
type	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
current	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
clinical	O
suggestion	O
that	O
acute	O
L	O
-	O
type	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
)	O
channel	O
blockade	O
can	O
promote	O
AF	B-Disease
,	O
consistent	O
with	O
an	O
AF	B-Disease
promoting	O
effect	O
of	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
channel	O
inhibition	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
potential	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
AF	B-Disease
promotion	O
by	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
channel	O
blockers	O
,	O
we	O
administered	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
to	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
chloralose	B-Chemical
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
.	O

Diltiazem	B-Chemical
was	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
comparison	O
drug	O
and	O
autonomic	O
blockade	O
with	O
atropine	B-Chemical
and	O
nadolol	B-Chemical
was	O
applied	O
in	O
some	O
experiments	O
.	O

Epicardial	O
mapping	O
with	O
240	O
epicardial	O
electrodes	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
activation	O
during	O
AF	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Verapamil	B-Chemical
caused	O
AF	B-Disease
promotion	O
in	O
six	O
dogs	O
,	O
increasing	O
mean	O
duration	O
of	O
AF	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
burst	O
pacing	O
,	O
from	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
s	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
S	O
.	O
E	O
.	O
)	O
to	O
95	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
39	O
s	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
vs	O
.	O
control	O
)	O
at	O
a	O
loading	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
and	O
228	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
101	O
s	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0005	O
vs	O
.	O
control	O
)	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Underlying	O
electrophysiological	O
mechanisms	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
detail	O
in	O
five	O
additional	O
dogs	O
under	O
control	O
conditions	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
the	O
higher	O
dose	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
these	O
experiments	O
,	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
shortened	O
mean	O
effective	O
refractory	O
period	O
(	O
ERP	O
)	O
from	O
122	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
to	O
114	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
ms	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
at	O
a	O
cycle	O
length	O
of	O
300	O
ms	O
,	O
decreased	O
ERP	O
heterogeneity	O
(	O
from	O
15	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
to	O
10	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
heterogeneously	O
accelerated	O
atrial	O
conduction	O
and	O
decreased	O
the	O
cycle	O
length	O
of	O
AF	B-Disease
(	O
94	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
to	O
84	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
ms	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
.	O

Diltiazem	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
affect	O
ERP	O
,	O
AF	B-Disease
cycle	O
length	O
or	O
AF	B-Disease
duration	O
,	O
but	O
produced	O
conduction	O
acceleration	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
caused	O
by	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
autonomic	O
blockade	O
,	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
failed	O
to	O
promote	O
AF	B-Disease
and	O
increased	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
decreasing	O
,	O
refractoriness	O
.	O

Neither	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
nor	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
affected	O
atrial	O
conduction	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
autonomic	O
blockade	O
.	O

Epicardial	O
mapping	O
suggested	O
that	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
promoted	O
AF	B-Disease
by	O
increasing	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
simultaneous	O
wavefronts	O
reflected	O
by	O
separate	O
zones	O
of	O
reactivation	O
in	O
each	O
cycle	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Verapamil	B-Chemical
promotes	O
AF	B-Disease
in	O
normal	O
dogs	O
by	O
promoting	O
multiple	O
circuit	O
reentry	O
,	O
an	O
effect	O
dependent	O
on	O
intact	O
autonomic	O
tone	O
and	O
not	O
shared	O
by	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
.	O

Calcitonin	O
gene	O
-	O
related	O
peptide	O
levels	O
during	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
headache	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	O
tension	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
type	I-Disease
headache	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
that	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
induced	O
headache	B-Disease
in	O
primary	B-Disease
headaches	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
release	O
of	O
calcitonin	O
gene	O
-	O
related	O
peptide	O
(	O
CGRP	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
we	O
aimed	O
to	O
investigate	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
CGRP	O
during	O
headache	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
NO	B-Chemical
donor	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
(	O
GTN	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
16	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	O
tension	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
type	I-Disease
headache	I-Disease
and	O
16	O
healthy	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
subjects	O
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
receive	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
GTN	B-Chemical
or	O
placebo	O
over	O
20	O
min	O
on	O
two	O
headache	B-Disease
-	O
free	O
days	O
.	O

Blood	O
samples	O
were	O
collected	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
20	O
and	O
60	O
min	O
after	O
start	O
of	O
infusion	O
.	O

Both	O
patients	O
and	O
controls	O
developed	O
significantly	O
stronger	O
immediate	O
headache	B-Disease
on	O
the	O
GTN	B-Chemical
day	O
than	O
on	O
the	O
placebo	O
day	O
and	O
the	O
headache	B-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
more	O
pronounced	O
in	O
patients	O
than	O
in	O
controls	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
CGRP	O
curve	O
(	O
AUCCGRP	O
)	O
on	O
GTN	B-Chemical
vs	O
.	O
placebo	O
day	O
in	O
either	O
patients	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
65	O
)	O
or	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
48	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
AUCCGRP	O
recorded	O
on	O
the	O
GTN	B-Chemical
day	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
between	O
patients	O
and	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
36	O
)	O
.	O

Both	O
in	O
patients	O
and	O
controls	O
,	O
CGRP	O
levels	O
changed	O
significantly	O
over	O
time	O
,	O
on	O
both	O
the	O
GTN	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
days	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
indicates	O
that	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
immediate	O
headache	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
release	O
of	O
CGRP	O
.	O

Fluconazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TDP	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
discuss	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
role	O
in	O
causing	O
TDP	B-Disease
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
68	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
white	O
woman	O
with	O
Candida	O
glabrata	O
isolated	O
from	O
a	O
presacral	O
abscess	O
developed	O
TDP	B-Disease
eight	O
days	O
after	O
commencing	O
oral	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
The	O
patient	O
had	O
no	O
other	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
TDP	B-Disease
,	O
including	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
,	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
electrolyte	O
abnormalities	O
There	O
was	O
a	O
temporal	O
association	O
between	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
and	O
TDP	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
TDP	B-Disease
resolved	O
when	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
continued	O
to	O
have	O
premature	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
contractions	I-Disease
and	O
nonsustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
(	O
NSVT	B-Disease
)	O
until	O
six	O
days	O
after	O
drug	O
cessation	O
DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Use	O
of	O
the	O
Naranjo	O
probability	O
scale	O
indicates	O
a	O
probable	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
TDP	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
possible	O
mechanism	O
is	O
depression	B-Disease
of	O
rapidly	O
activating	O
delayed	O
rectifier	O
potassium	B-Chemical
currents	O
.	O

In	O
our	O
patient	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
other	O
etiology	O
identified	O
that	O
could	O
explain	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
or	O
TDP	B-Disease
The	O
complete	O
disappearance	O
of	O
NSVT	B-Disease
and	O
premature	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
contractions	I-Disease
followed	O
by	O
normalization	O
of	O
QT	O
interval	O
after	O
the	O
drug	O
was	O
stopped	O
strongly	O
suggests	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
etiology	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
that	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
,	O
even	O
at	O
low	O
doses	O
,	O
may	O
cause	O
prolongation	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
QT	I-Disease
interval	I-Disease
,	O
leading	O
to	O
TDP	B-Disease
.	O

Serial	O
electrocardiographic	O
monitoring	O
may	O
be	O
considered	O
when	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
is	O
administered	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
are	O
at	O
risk	O
for	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

Cutaneous	B-Disease
leucocytoclastic	I-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
oxacillin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
67	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
oxacillin	B-Chemical
for	O
one	O
week	O
because	O
of	O
Staphylococcus	B-Disease
aureus	I-Disease
bacteremia	I-Disease
,	O
developed	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
diffuse	O
,	O
symmetric	O
,	O
palpable	O
purpuric	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
on	O
his	O
feet	O
.	O

Necrotic	B-Disease
blisters	I-Disease
were	O
noted	O
on	O
his	O
fingers	O
.	O

Skin	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
findings	O
diagnostic	O
of	O
leucocytoclastic	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
.	O

Oxacillin	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
patient	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
rash	B-Disease
disappeared	O
after	O
three	O
weeks	O
and	O
renal	O
function	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
.	O

Leucocytoclastic	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
presents	O
as	O
palpable	O
purpura	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
lower	O
extremities	O
often	O
accompanied	O
by	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
arthralgia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
involvement	I-Disease
.	O

Etiologic	O
factors	O
or	O
associated	O
disorders	O
include	O
infections	B-Disease
,	O
medications	O
,	O
collagen	B-Disease
vascular	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
neoplasia	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
no	O
etiologic	O
factor	O
is	O
identified	O
.	O

Usually	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
self	O
-	O
limited	O
disorder	O
,	O
but	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
may	O
be	O
needed	O
in	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
cases	O
since	O
early	O
treatment	O
with	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
in	O
severe	O
cases	O
can	O
prevent	O
complications	O
.	O

Oxacillin	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
included	O
among	O
the	O
drugs	O
that	O
can	O
cause	O
leucocytoclastic	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
renal	O
pathology	O
in	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
is	O
reported	O
.	O

At	O
necropsy	O
microscopy	O
shoed	O
unique	O
and	O
extensive	O
damage	O
to	O
cells	O
lining	O
the	O
distal	O
nephron	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
these	O
changes	O
represent	O
a	O
specific	O
toxic	O
effect	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
,	O
reported	O
here	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
man	O
.	O

Cholestatic	B-Disease
jaundice	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
metformin	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
jaundice	I-Disease
shortly	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
metformin	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
.	O

Ultrasound	O
of	O
the	O
liver	O
and	O
abdominal	O
CT	O
were	O
normal	O
.	O

An	O
ERCP	O
showed	O
normal	O
biliary	O
anatomy	O
.	O

A	O
percutaneous	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
was	O
obtained	O
showing	O
marked	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
portal	O
edema	B-Disease
,	O
ductular	O
proliferation	O
,	O
and	O
acute	O
inflammation	B-Disease
.	O

Metformin	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
jaundice	B-Disease
resolved	O
slowly	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
several	O
months	O
.	O

Given	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
his	O
jaundice	B-Disease
2	O
wk	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
metformin	B-Chemical
,	O
we	O
believe	O
that	O
this	O
case	O
represents	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
metformin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
first	O
such	O
case	O
reported	O
.	O

Systemic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
resuscitation	O
in	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
,	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
,	O
or	O
ropivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
infused	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
systemic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
ropivacaine	B-Chemical
in	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
compared	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
resuscitate	O
rats	O
after	O
lethal	O
doses	O
of	O
these	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
.	O

Bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
ropivacaine	B-Chemical
was	O
infused	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
2	O
mg	O
.	O

kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

min	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
while	O
electrocardiogram	O
,	O
electroencephalogram	O
,	O
and	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
continuously	O
monitored	O
.	O

When	O
asystole	B-Disease
was	O
recorded	O
,	O
drug	O
infusion	O
was	O
stopped	O
and	O
a	O
resuscitation	O
sequence	O
was	O
begun	O
.	O

Epinephrine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
01	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
was	O
administered	O
at	O
1	O
-	O
min	O
intervals	O
while	O
external	O
cardiac	O
compressions	O
were	O
applied	O
.	O

Resuscitation	O
was	O
considered	O
successful	O
when	O
a	O
systolic	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
100	O
mm	O
Hg	O
was	O
achieved	O
within	O
5	O
min	O
.	O

The	O
cumulative	O
doses	O
of	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
and	O
ropivacaine	B-Chemical
that	O
produced	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
similar	O
and	O
were	O
larger	O
than	O
those	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
cumulative	O
doses	O
of	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
that	O
produced	O
dysrhythmias	B-Disease
and	O
asystole	B-Disease
were	O
smaller	O
than	O
the	O
corresponding	O
doses	O
of	O
ropivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
they	O
were	O
larger	O
than	O
those	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
successful	O
resuscitations	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
among	O
groups	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
a	O
smaller	O
dose	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
was	O
required	O
in	O
the	O
Ropivacaine	B-Chemical
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
groups	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
systemic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
is	O
intermediate	O
between	O
that	O
of	O
ropivacaine	B-Chemical
and	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
when	O
administered	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
rate	O
and	O
that	O
ropivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
appears	O
to	O
be	O
more	O
susceptible	O
to	O
treatment	O
than	O
that	O
induced	O
by	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
or	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
AIDS	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
multiple	O
episodes	O
of	O
seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
in	O
an	O
AIDS	B-Disease
patent	O
following	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
46	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
African	O
-	O
American	O
man	O
experienced	O
recurrent	O
grand	B-Disease
mal	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
during	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
,	O
then	O
petit	O
mal	O
seizures	B-Disease
as	O
the	O
infusion	O
was	O
stopped	O
and	O
the	O
drug	O
concentrations	O
decreased	O
with	O
time	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
concurrent	O
medications	O
included	O
didanosine	B-Chemical
,	O
hydroxyzine	B-Chemical
,	O
promethazine	B-Chemical
,	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
.	O

Despite	O
administration	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
and	O
lorazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
persisted	O
and	O
occurred	O
only	O
during	O
amphotercin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
AIDS	B-Disease
and	O
cryptococcal	B-Disease
meningitis	I-Disease
,	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
,	O
can	O
potentially	O
cause	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
;	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
intake	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
withdrawal	O
can	O
also	O
cause	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Didanosine	B-Chemical
also	O
has	O
a	O
potential	O
for	O
inducing	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
these	O
other	O
potential	O
causes	O
of	O
seizure	B-Disease
were	O
ruled	O
out	O
.	O

The	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
events	O
suggested	O
that	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
was	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
this	O
AIDS	B-Disease
patient	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
seems	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
probable	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
date	O
,	O
only	O
three	O
cases	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
but	O
healthcare	O
providers	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
potential	O
for	O
this	O
rare	O
adverse	O
effect	O
.	O

Sirolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
mycophenolate	B-Chemical
mofetil	I-Chemical
for	O
calcineurin	O
-	O
free	O
immunosuppression	O
in	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
.	O

Calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
have	O
been	O
available	O
for	O
almost	O
20	O
years	O
.	O

Although	O
these	O
drugs	O
are	O
highly	O
effective	O
and	O
represent	O
the	O
mainstay	O
of	O
transplant	O
immunosuppression	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Acute	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
occurs	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
period	O
after	O
transplantation	O
,	O
leads	O
to	O
a	O
higher	O
rate	O
of	O
dialysis	O
,	O
and	O
chronic	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
may	O
eventually	O
result	O
in	O
graft	O
loss	O
.	O

Acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
becoming	O
more	O
common	O
as	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
marginal	O
kidneys	O
for	O
transplantation	O
increases	O
.	O

Two	O
recently	O
available	O
immunosuppressive	O
agents	O
,	O
mycophenolate	B-Chemical
mofetil	I-Chemical
and	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
have	O
no	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
agents	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
new	O
paradigms	O
of	O
immunosuppressive	O
therapy	O
.	O

This	O
paper	O
reviews	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
clinical	O
trials	O
that	O
have	O
investigated	O
these	O
new	O
approaches	O
to	O
immunosuppression	O
in	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
.	O

Tolerability	O
of	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
and	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
NSAID	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
urticaria	B-Disease
/	O
angioedema	B-Disease
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
evaluated	O
the	O
tolerance	O
of	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
and	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
in	O
subjects	O
with	O
cutaneous	O
,	O
respiratory	O
and	O
anaphylactoid	O
reactions	O
induced	O
by	O
nonsteroidal	B-Chemical
anti	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
inflammatory	I-Chemical
drugs	I-Chemical
(	O
NSAIDs	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
we	O
investigated	O
tolerability	O
and	O
reliability	O
of	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
and	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
very	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
an	O
exclusive	O
well	O
-	O
documented	O
history	O
of	O
NSAID	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
urticaria	B-Disease
/	O
angioedema	B-Disease
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
we	O
evaluated	O
whether	O
some	O
factors	O
have	O
the	O
potential	O
to	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
reaction	O
to	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
and	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
single	O
-	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
oral	O
challenge	O
procedure	O
with	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
or	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
was	O
applied	O
to	O
829	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
NSAID	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
urticaria	B-Disease
/	O
angioedema	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
75	O
/	O
829	O
(	O
9	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
experienced	O
reactions	O
to	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
or	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
.	O

Of	O
the	O
715	O
patients	O
tested	O
with	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
62	O
(	O
8	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
a	O
positive	O
test	O
,	O
while	O
of	O
114	O
subjects	O
submitted	O
to	O
the	O
challenge	O
with	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
,	O
13	O
(	O
9	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
tolerate	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
18	O
.	O
28	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
chronic	O
urticaria	B-Disease
and	O
11	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
subjects	O
with	O
an	O
history	O
of	O
NSAID	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
urticaria	B-Disease
/	O
angioedema	B-Disease
or	O
angioedema	B-Disease
alone	O
(	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
chronic	O
urticaria	B-Disease
)	O
resulted	O
to	O
be	O
intolerant	O
to	O
alternative	O
drugs	O
.	O

Taken	O
together	O
,	O
our	O
results	O
confirm	O
the	O
good	O
tolerability	O
of	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
and	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
urticaria	B-Disease
/	O
angioedema	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
NSAIDs	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
reaction	O
to	O
these	O
alternative	O
study	O
drugs	O
is	O
statistically	O
increased	O
by	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
chronic	O
urticaria	B-Disease
and	O
,	O
above	O
all	O
,	O
by	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
NSAID	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
angioedema	B-Disease
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
aqueous	O
and	O
gellan	O
ophthalmic	O
timolol	B-Chemical
with	O
placebo	O
on	O
the	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
heart	O
rate	O
response	O
in	O
patients	O
on	O
treatment	O
for	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
Topical	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
treatment	O
is	O
routine	O
therapy	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
.	O

Therapy	O
results	O
in	O
systemic	O
absorption	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
reduction	O
of	O
resting	O
and	O
peak	O
heart	O
rate	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
quantified	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
This	O
trial	O
evaluated	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
placebo	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
aqueous	O
timolol	B-Chemical
(	O
timolol	B-Chemical
solution	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
timolol	B-Chemical
suspension	O
that	O
forms	O
a	O
gel	O
on	O
application	O
to	O
the	O
conjunctiva	O
(	O
timolol	B-Chemical
gellan	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
heart	O
rate	O
in	O
patients	O
currently	O
being	O
treated	O
for	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
to	O
quantify	O
the	O
reduction	O
in	O
mean	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
three	O
Caucasian	O
patients	O
with	O
primary	O
open	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
angle	I-Disease
glaucoma	I-Disease
or	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
with	O
a	O
mean	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
age	O
of	O
63	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
)	O
years	O
were	O
randomized	O
and	O
crossed	O
over	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
masked	O
manner	O
to	O
14	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
placebo	O
(	O
morning	O
and	O
evening	O
in	O
both	O
eyes	O
)	O
,	O
timolol	B-Chemical
solution	O
(	O
morning	O
and	O
evening	O
in	O
both	O
eyes	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
timolol	B-Chemical
gellan	O
(	O
morning	O
in	O
both	O
eyes	O
with	O
placebo	O
in	O
the	O
evening	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
13th	O
day	O
of	O
each	O
period	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
was	O
recorded	O
continuously	O
during	O
a	O
typical	O
,	O
ambulant	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
period	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Both	O
timolol	B-Chemical
solution	O
and	O
timolol	B-Chemical
gellan	O
reduced	O
the	O
mean	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
heart	O
rate	O
compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
reduction	O
was	O
most	O
pronounced	O
during	O
the	O
daytime	O
(	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
change	O
in	O
mean	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
7	O
beats	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
.	O

Timolol	B-Chemical
gellan	O
showed	O
a	O
numerically	O
but	O
not	O
significantly	O
smaller	O
reduction	O
in	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
timolol	B-Chemical
solution	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
night	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
12	O
-	O
hour	O
heart	O
rate	O
on	O
placebo	O
and	O
timolol	B-Chemical
gellan	O
were	O
both	O
significantly	O
less	O
than	O
on	O
timolol	B-Chemical
solution	O
;	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
solution	O
and	O
gellan	O
treatments	O
was	O
statistically	O
significant	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Both	O
timolol	B-Chemical
solution	O
and	O
timolol	B-Chemical
gellan	O
decrease	O
the	O
mean	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
heart	O
rate	O
compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
.	O

This	O
response	O
was	O
most	O
pronounced	O
during	O
the	O
active	O
daytime	O
period	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
quantify	O
the	O
modest	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
ophthalmic	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
therapy	O
in	O
a	O
typical	O
patient	O
population	O
on	O
therapy	O
for	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
exercise	O
performance	O
was	O
not	O
assessed	O
in	O
this	O
trial	O
,	O
reductions	O
of	O
this	O
magnitude	O
should	O
not	O
have	O
substantial	O
clinical	O
consequences	O
.	O

Management	O
strategies	O
for	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
C	I-Disease
:	O
clinical	O
and	O
economic	O
implications	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Recently	O
published	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
increased	O
efficacy	O
and	O
cost	O
-	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	O
interferon	O
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
2b	O
/	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
interferon	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
monotherapy	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
(	O
CHC	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Combination	O
therapy	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
clinically	O
important	O
adverse	O
effect	O
:	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
(	O
RIHA	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
direct	O
health	O
-	O
care	O
costs	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
RIHA	B-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
of	O
CHC	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
clinical	O
trial	O
setting	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
systematic	O
literature	O
review	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
synthesize	O
information	O
on	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
RIHA	B-Disease
.	O

Decision	O
-	O
analytic	O
techniques	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
treating	O
RIHA	B-Disease
.	O

Uncertainty	O
was	O
evaluated	O
using	O
sensitivity	O
analyses	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
RIHA	B-Disease
,	O
defined	O
as	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
hemoglobin	O
to	O
less	O
than	O
100	O
g	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
occurs	O
in	O
approximately	O
7	O
%	O
to	O
9	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
combination	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
standard	O
of	O
care	O
for	O
management	O
of	O
RIHA	B-Disease
is	O
reduction	O
or	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
dosage	O
.	O

We	O
estimated	O
the	O
direct	O
cost	O
of	O
treating	O
clinically	O
significant	O
RIHA	B-Disease
to	O
be	O
170	O
per	O
patient	O
receiving	O
combination	O
therapy	O
per	O
48	O
-	O
week	O
treatment	O
course	O
(	O
range	O
68	O
-	O
692	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
the	O
one	O
-	O
way	O
sensitivity	O
analyses	O
ranged	O
from	O
57	O
to	O
317	O
.	O

In	O
comparison	O
,	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
48	O
weeks	O
of	O
combination	O
therapy	O
is	O
16	O
,	O
459	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
direct	O
cost	O
of	O
treating	O
clinically	O
significant	O
RIHA	B-Disease
is	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
170	O
/	O
16	O
,	O
459	O
)	O
of	O
drug	O
treatment	O
costs	O
.	O

Questions	O
remain	O
about	O
the	O
optimal	O
dose	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
RIHA	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
real	O
-	O
world	O
population	O
.	O

Despite	O
these	O
uncertainties	O
,	O
this	O
initial	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
direct	O
cost	O
of	O
treating	O
RIHA	B-Disease
provides	O
an	O
estimate	O
of	O
the	O
cost	O
and	O
management	O
implications	O
of	O
this	O
clinically	O
important	O
adverse	O
effect	O
.	O

Preliminary	O
efficacy	O
assessment	O
of	O
intrathecal	O
injection	O
of	O
an	O
American	O
formulation	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
in	O
humans	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Preclinical	O
studies	O
of	O
intrathecal	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
suggest	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
chronic	I-Disease
pain	I-Disease
in	O
humans	O
,	O
and	O
preliminary	O
studies	O
in	O
volunteers	O
and	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
Swedish	O
formulation	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
suggests	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
states	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
acute	O
noxious	O
stimulation	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
screen	O
for	O
efficacy	O
of	O
a	O
different	O
formulation	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
marketed	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
,	O
using	O
both	O
acute	O
noxious	O
stimulation	O
and	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
evoked	O
mechanical	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Following	O
Food	O
and	O
Drug	O
Administration	O
and	O
institutional	O
review	O
board	O
approval	O
and	O
written	O
informed	O
consent	O
,	O
65	O
volunteers	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
two	O
trials	O
:	O
an	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
,	O
dose	O
-	O
escalating	O
trial	O
with	O
intrathecal	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
doses	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
and	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
,	O
2	O
mg	O
.	O

Cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
was	O
obtained	O
for	O
pharmacokinetic	O
analysis	O
,	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
ratings	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
acute	O
heat	O
stimuli	O
and	O
areas	O
of	O
mechanical	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
and	O
allodynia	B-Disease
after	O
intradermal	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
injection	O
were	O
determined	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Adenosine	B-Chemical
produced	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
pain	B-Disease
report	O
to	O
acute	O
noxious	O
thermal	O
or	O
chemical	O
stimulation	O
but	O
reduced	O
mechanical	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
and	O
allodynia	B-Disease
from	O
intradermal	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
injection	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
24	O
h	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
residence	O
time	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
in	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
was	O
short	O
(	O
<	O
4	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
show	O
selective	O
inhibition	O
by	O
intrathecal	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
of	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
,	O
presumed	O
to	O
reflect	O
central	O
sensitization	O
in	O
humans	O
after	O
peripheral	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

The	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
effect	O
is	O
consistent	O
with	O
that	O
observed	O
in	O
preliminary	O
reports	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
is	O
not	O
due	O
to	O
prolonged	O
residence	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
in	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
.	O

Delayed	O
-	O
onset	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
presents	O
5	O
to	O
12	O
days	O
after	O
heparin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
,	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
arterial	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
venous	I-Disease
thromboemboli	I-Disease
.	O

Delayed	O
recognition	O
and	O
treatment	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
contribute	O
to	O
poor	O
patient	O
outcomes	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
and	O
increase	O
awareness	O
of	O
a	O
clinical	O
scenario	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
onset	O
or	O
manifestations	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
are	O
delayed	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Retrospective	O
case	O
series	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Three	O
large	O
urban	O
hospitals	O
(	O
with	O
active	O
cardiovascular	O
surgery	O
programs	O
)	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
14	O
patients	O
seen	O
over	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
in	O
whom	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
became	O
apparent	O
on	O
delayed	O
presentation	O
with	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
complications	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
:	O
Platelet	O
counts	O
,	O
onset	O
of	O
objectively	O
determined	O
thromboembolism	B-Disease
,	O
results	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
platelet	O
factor	O
4	O
antibody	O
tests	O
,	O
and	O
outcomes	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Patients	O
went	O
home	O
after	O
hospitalizations	O
that	O
had	O
included	O
heparin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
-	O
-	O
in	O
most	O
cases	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
recognized	O
-	O
-	O
only	O
to	O
return	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
(	O
median	O
,	O
day	O
14	O
)	O
with	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
complications	O
.	O

Thromboemboli	B-Disease
were	O
venous	O
(	O
12	O
patients	O
,	O
7	O
with	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
emboli	I-Disease
)	O
or	O
arterial	O
(	O
4	O
patients	O
)	O
or	O
both	O
.	O

Platelet	O
counts	O
were	O
mildly	O
decreased	O
in	O
all	O
but	O
2	O
patients	O
on	O
second	O
presentation	O
.	O

On	O
readmission	O
,	O
11	O
patients	O
received	O
therapeutic	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
worsened	O
the	O
patients	O
'	O
clinical	O
condition	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
all	O
11	O
cases	O
,	O
decreased	O
the	O
platelet	O
count	O
(	O
mean	O
at	O
readmission	O
,	O
143	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
cells	O
/	O
L	O
;	O
mean	O
nadir	O
after	O
heparin	B-Chemical
re	O
-	O
exposure	O
,	O
39	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
cells	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
.	O

Results	O
of	O
serologic	O
tests	O
for	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
antibodies	O
were	O
positive	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

Subsequent	O
treatments	O
included	O
alternative	O
anticoagulants	O
(	O
11	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
thrombolytic	O
drugs	O
(	O
3	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
inferior	O
vena	O
cava	O
filters	O
(	O
3	O
patients	O
)	O
and	O
,	O
eventually	O
,	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
(	O
11	O
patients	O
)	O
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
died	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Delayed	O
-	O
onset	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
is	O
increasingly	O
being	O
recognized	O
.	O

To	O
avoid	O
disastrous	O
outcomes	O
,	O
physicians	O
must	O
consider	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
whenever	O
a	O
recently	O
hospitalized	O
patient	O
returns	O
with	O
thromboembolism	B-Disease
;	O
therapy	O
with	O
alternative	O
anticoagulants	O
,	O
not	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
should	O
be	O
initiated	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
with	O
a	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
potent	O
antagonist	O
of	O
both	O
serotonergic	O
(	O
5HT2A	O
)	O
and	O
dopaminergic	O
D2	O
receptors	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
in	O
adults	O
and	O
children	O
.	O

Chronically	O
elevated	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
prolactinomas	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
arrested	O
growth	O
and	O
development	O
resulting	O
in	O
either	O
delayed	B-Disease
puberty	I-Disease
or	O
short	O
stature	O
.	O

These	O
possibilities	O
stress	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
developing	O
a	O
safe	O
and	O
effective	O
approach	O
to	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
in	O
youth	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
successful	O
treatment	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
with	O
cabergoline	B-Chemical
in	O
youth	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
undertook	O
a	O
retrospective	O
case	O
review	O
of	O
four	O
children	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
cabergoline	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Four	O
males	O
(	O
age	O
6	O
-	O
11	O
years	O
)	O
with	O
Diagnostic	O
and	O
Statistical	O
Manual	O
of	O
Mental	B-Disease
Disorders	I-Disease
(	O
fourth	O
edition	O
)	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
or	O
psychoses	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
elevations	O
in	O
serum	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
(	O
57	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
129	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
,	O
normal	O
5	O
-	O
15	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
,	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
cabergoline	B-Chemical
(	O
mean	O
dose	O
2	O
.	O
13	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
09	O
mg	O
/	O
week	O
)	O
.	O

When	O
serum	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
normalized	O
in	O
all	O
four	O
subjects	O
(	O
mean	O
11	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
.	O
9	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
cabergoline	B-Chemical
dose	O
was	O
reduced	O
to	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
week	O
in	O
three	O
of	O
four	O
subjects	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
duration	O
of	O
therapy	O
with	O
cabergoline	B-Chemical
was	O
523	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
129	O
.	O
7	O
days	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mean	O
duration	O
of	O
therapy	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
was	O
788	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
162	O
.	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

Cabergoline	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
without	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Cabergoline	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
in	O
youth	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
further	O
research	O
is	O
needed	O
.	O

Acute	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
following	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
inhalational	O
anesthetic	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
70	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
healthy	O
woman	O
from	O
Iraq	O
developed	O
acute	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
3	O
weeks	O
following	O
repair	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
rotator	O
cuff	O
under	O
general	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
evidence	O
for	O
viral	O
,	O
autoimmune	O
,	O
or	O
metabolic	O
causes	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

No	O
other	O
medications	O
were	O
involved	O
except	O
for	O
dipyrone	B-Chemical
for	O
analgesia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
alanine	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
was	O
elevated	O
to	O
a	O
peak	O
concentration	O
of	O
1533	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
and	O
the	O
serum	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
reached	O
a	O
peak	O
of	O
17	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
slow	O
improvement	O
over	O
4	O
months	O
.	O

Accidental	O
reexposure	O
by	O
the	O
patient	O
to	O
dipyrone	B-Chemical
was	O
uneventful	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
The	O
clinical	O
and	O
histologic	O
picture	O
of	O
this	O
case	O
resembles	O
halothane	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
has	O
a	O
significant	O
mortality	O
rate	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Isoflurane	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
common	O
anesthetic	O
agent	O
,	O
can	O
cause	O
severe	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
.	O

Torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
in	O
an	O
elderly	O
woman	O
with	O
preexisting	O
complete	O
left	B-Disease
bundle	I-Disease
branch	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
growing	O
list	O
of	O
drugs	O
implicated	O
in	O
acquired	O
long	B-Disease
QT	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
torsadogenic	O
potential	O
of	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
commonly	O
used	O
antiemetic	O
and	O
prokinetic	O
drug	O
,	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
despite	O
its	O
chemical	O
similarity	O
to	O
procainamide	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
a	O
92	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
preexisting	O
complete	O
left	B-Disease
bundle	I-Disease
branch	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
after	O
intravenous	O
and	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
patient	O
also	O
developed	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
when	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
and	O
erythromycin	B-Chemical
were	O
given	O
simultaneously	O
.	O

These	O
two	O
episodes	O
were	O
suppressed	O
successfully	O
after	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
offending	O
drugs	O
and	O
administering	O
class	O
IB	O
drugs	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
documentation	O
that	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
provokes	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
clinically	O
.	O

Metoclopramide	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
used	O
cautiously	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
risk	O
of	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
.	O

Dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptor	O
signaling	O
controls	O
neuronal	O
cell	O
death	O
induced	O
by	O
muscarinic	O
and	O
glutamatergic	O
drugs	O
.	O

Dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
through	O
D1	O
/	O
D2	O
receptor	O
-	O
mediated	O
signaling	O
,	O
plays	O
a	O
major	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
epileptic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
arising	O
in	O
the	O
limbic	O
system	O
.	O

Excitotoxicity	B-Disease
leading	O
to	O
neuronal	O
cell	O
death	O
in	O
the	O
affected	O
areas	O
is	O
a	O
major	O
consequence	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
at	O
the	O
cellular	O
level	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
respect	O
,	O
little	O
is	O
known	O
about	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
DA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
in	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
neuronal	O
cell	O
death	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
analyze	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
D2R	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
cholinergic	O
agonist	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
compared	O
these	O
results	O
with	O
those	O
previously	O
obtained	O
with	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
KA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
potent	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
agonist	O
.	O

Importantly	O
,	O
D2R	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
develop	O
seizures	B-Disease
at	O
doses	O
of	O
both	O
drugs	O
that	O
are	O
not	O
epileptogenic	O
for	O
WT	O
littermates	O
and	O
show	O
greater	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
result	O
in	O
a	O
more	O
widespread	O
neuronal	O
death	O
in	O
both	O
WT	O
and	O
D2R	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
brains	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
KA	B-Chemical
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
D2R	O
lowers	O
the	O
threshold	O
for	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
both	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
the	O
dopaminergic	O
control	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
neurodegeneration	B-Disease
seems	O
to	O
be	O
mediated	O
by	O
distinct	O
interactions	O
of	O
D2R	O
signaling	O
with	O
these	O
two	O
neurotransmitters	O
.	O

Steroid	B-Chemical
structure	O
and	O
pharmacological	O
properties	O
determine	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
amnesic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
pregnenolone	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Pregnenolone	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
(	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
)	O
has	O
generated	O
interest	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
potent	O
memory	O
-	O
enhancing	O
neurosteroids	O
to	O
be	O
examined	O
in	O
rodent	O
learning	O
studies	O
,	O
with	O
particular	O
importance	O
in	O
the	O
ageing	O
process	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
by	O
which	O
this	O
endogenous	O
steroid	B-Chemical
enhances	O
memory	O
formation	O
is	O
hypothesized	O
to	O
involve	O
actions	O
on	O
glutamatergic	O
and	O
GABAergic	O
systems	O
.	O

This	O
hypothesis	O
stems	O
from	O
findings	O
that	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
potent	O
positive	O
modulator	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
d	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
receptors	O
(	O
NMDARs	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
negative	O
modulator	O
of	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptors	O
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
Rs	O
)	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
is	O
able	O
to	O
reverse	O
the	O
amnesic	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
effects	O
of	O
NMDAR	O
and	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
R	O
ligands	O
.	O

To	O
investigate	O
this	O
hypothesis	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
in	O
rats	O
examined	O
the	O
memory	O
-	O
altering	O
abilities	O
of	O
structural	O
analogs	O
of	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
differ	O
in	O
their	O
modulation	O
of	O
NMDAR	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
R	O
function	O
.	O

The	O
analogs	O
tested	O
were	O
:	O
11	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ketopregnenolone	I-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
(	O
an	O
agent	O
that	O
is	O
inactive	O
at	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
Rs	O
and	O
NMDARs	O
)	O
,	O
epipregnanolone	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
3beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
both	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
Rs	O
and	O
NMDARs	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
newly	O
synthesized	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
enantiomer	O
(	O
which	O
is	O
identical	O
to	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
in	O
effects	O
on	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
Rs	O
and	O
NMDARs	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
memory	O
-	O
enhancing	O
effects	O
of	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
analogs	O
were	O
tested	O
in	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
using	O
the	O
model	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
.	O

Both	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
enantiomer	O
blocked	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
,	O
unlike	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
,	O
11	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ketopregnenolone	I-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
and	O
epipregnanolone	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
failed	O
to	O
block	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
altering	O
the	O
modulation	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
diminishes	O
the	O
memory	O
-	O
enhancing	O
effects	O
of	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
enantioselectivity	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
natural	O
PREGS	B-Chemical
to	O
be	O
an	O
order	O
of	O
magnitude	O
more	O
effective	O
than	O
its	O
synthetic	O
enantiomer	O
in	O
reversing	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
identify	O
a	O
novel	O
neuropharmacological	O
site	O
for	O
the	O
modulation	O
of	O
memory	O
processes	O
by	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
.	O

Activation	O
of	O
poly	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ADP	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ribose	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
polymerase	O
contributes	O
to	O
development	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Activation	O
of	O
the	O
nuclear	O
enzyme	O
poly	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ADP	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ribose	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
polymerase	O
(	O
PARP	O
)	O
by	O
oxidant	O
-	O
mediated	O
DNA	O
damage	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
pathway	O
of	O
cell	O
dysfunction	O
and	O
tissue	O
injury	O
in	O
conditions	O
associated	O
with	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Increased	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
is	O
a	O
major	O
factor	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
widely	O
used	O
antitumor	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
antibiotic	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
the	O
activation	O
of	O
PARP	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Using	O
a	O
dual	O
approach	O
of	O
PARP	O
-	O
1	O
suppression	O
,	O
by	O
genetic	O
deletion	O
or	O
pharmacological	O
inhibition	O
with	O
the	O
phenanthridinone	O
PARP	O
inhibitor	O
PJ34	B-Chemical
,	O
we	O
now	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
PARP	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
DOX	B-Chemical
.	O

PARP	O
-	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
and	O
PARP	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
received	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
(	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
)	O
.	O

Five	O
days	O
after	O
DOX	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
left	O
ventricular	O
performance	O
was	O
significantly	O
depressed	O
in	O
PARP	O
-	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
mice	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
to	O
a	O
smaller	O
extent	O
in	O
PARP	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
ones	O
.	O

Similar	O
experiments	O
were	O
conducted	O
in	O
BALB	O
/	O
c	O
mice	O
treated	O
with	O
PJ34	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
a	O
PJ34	B-Chemical
significantly	O
improved	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
increased	O
the	O
survival	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
PJ34	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
lactate	B-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
and	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
activities	O
but	O
not	O
metalloproteinase	O
activation	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
PARP	O
activation	O
contributes	O
to	O
the	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
.	O

PARP	O
inhibitors	O
may	O
exert	O
protective	O
effects	O
against	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
severe	O
cardiac	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Spironolactone	B-Chemical
:	O
is	O
it	O
a	O
novel	O
drug	O
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
-	O
related	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
?	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
the	O
major	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
(	O
AmB	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
often	O
limiting	O
administration	O
of	O
full	O
dosage	O
.	O

Selective	O
distal	O
tubular	O
epithelial	O
toxicity	B-Disease
seems	O
to	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
profound	O
potassium	B-Chemical
wasting	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
major	O
clinical	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
AmB	B-Chemical
.	O

Potassium	B-Chemical
depletion	O
also	O
potentiates	O
the	O
tubular	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
AmB	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
to	O
reduce	O
potassium	B-Chemical
requirements	O
and	O
to	O
prevent	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
in	O
neutropenic	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
AmB	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
study	O
26	O
patients	O
with	O
various	O
hematological	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
either	O
intravenous	O
AmB	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
AmB	B-Chemical
and	O
oral	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
when	O
developing	O
a	O
proven	O
or	O
suspected	O
fungal	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Patients	O
receiving	O
concomitant	O
AmB	B-Chemical
and	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
had	O
significantly	O
higher	O
plasma	O
potassium	B-Chemical
levels	O
than	O
those	O
receiving	O
AmB	B-Chemical
alone	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0027	O
)	O
.	O

Those	O
patients	O
receiving	O
AmB	B-Chemical
and	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
required	O
significantly	O
less	O
potassium	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
to	O
maintain	O
their	O
plasma	O
potassium	B-Chemical
within	O
the	O
normal	O
range	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
022	O
)	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
urinary	O
potassium	B-Chemical
losses	O
were	O
significantly	O
less	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
AmB	B-Chemical
and	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
than	O
those	O
receiving	O
AmB	B-Chemical
alone	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
040	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
showed	O
that	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
can	O
reduce	O
potassium	B-Chemical
requirements	O
and	O
prevent	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
by	O
reducing	O
urinary	O
potassium	B-Chemical
loss	O
in	O
neutropenic	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
AmB	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
occurs	O
following	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
lesions	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Erectile	O
function	O
was	O
assessed	O
6	O
weeks	O
following	O
uni	O
-	O
and	O
bilateral	O
injections	O
of	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxydopamine	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
nucleus	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

Behavioral	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
penile	O
erections	O
were	O
reduced	O
(	O
5	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
and	O
increased	O
(	O
3	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
in	O
uni	O
-	O
and	O
bilateral	O
lesioned	O
animals	O
.	O

Intracavernous	O
pressures	O
,	O
following	O
electrical	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
cavernous	O
nerve	O
,	O
decreased	O
in	O
lesioned	O
animals	O
.	O

Lesions	O
of	O
the	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
were	O
confirmed	O
by	O
histology	O
.	O

Concentration	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
metabolites	O
were	O
decreased	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
of	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
lesioned	O
rats	O
.	O

Lesions	O
of	O
the	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
are	O
therefore	O
associated	O
with	O
erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
and	O
may	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
model	O
to	O
study	O
erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Nicotine	B-Chemical
potentiation	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
effects	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
on	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
have	O
been	O
investigated	O
.	O

Morphine	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
induced	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
response	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
was	O
potentiated	O
by	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
.	O

Intraperitoneal	O
administration	O
of	O
atropine	B-Chemical
,	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
,	O
mecamylamine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
to	O
mice	O
reduced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
with	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
.	O

Intracerebroventricular	O
injection	O
of	O
atropine	B-Chemical
,	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
also	O
decreased	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
plus	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
.	O

Intraperitoneal	O
administration	O
of	O
atropine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
intraperitoneal	O
or	O
intracerebroventricular	O
injection	O
of	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
,	O
decreased	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
was	O
concluded	O
that	O
morphine	B-Chemical
catalepsy	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
elicited	O
by	O
opioid	O
and	O
cholinergic	O
receptors	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
potentiation	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
induced	O
by	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
may	O
also	O
be	O
mediated	O
through	O
cholinergic	O
receptor	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

Force	O
overflow	O
and	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
assessed	O
force	O
coordination	O
of	O
the	O
hand	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
its	O
relationship	O
to	O
motor	O
complications	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
particularly	O
to	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
(	O
LID	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
two	O
groups	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
with	O
(	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
+	O
LID	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
23	O
)	O
and	O
without	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
(	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
-	O
LID	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
age	O
-	O
matched	O
healthy	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
motor	O
score	O
of	O
the	O
Unified	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Rating	O
Scale	O
,	O
a	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
score	O
and	O
force	O
in	O
a	O
grip	O
-	O
lift	O
paradigm	O
were	O
assessed	O
ON	O
and	O
OFF	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
pathological	O
increase	O
of	O
forces	O
was	O
seen	O
in	O
ON	O
-	O
state	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
+	O
LID	B-Disease
only	O
.	O

In	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
+	O
LID	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
force	O
involved	O
in	O
pressing	O
down	O
the	O
object	O
before	O
lifting	O
was	O
significantly	O
increased	O
by	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
(	O
by	O
61	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

An	O
overshooting	O
of	O
peak	O
grip	O
force	O
by	O
51	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
of	O
static	O
grip	O
force	O
by	O
45	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
ON	O
-	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
OFF	O
-	O
drug	O
condition	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
no	O
excessive	O
force	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
-	O
LID	B-Disease
.	O

Peak	O
grip	O
force	O
in	O
ON	O
-	O
state	O
was	O
140	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
higher	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
+	O
LID	B-Disease
than	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
-	O
LID	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
static	O
grip	O
force	O
was	O
increased	O
by	O
138	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
between	O
groups	O
.	O

Severity	O
of	O
peak	O
-	O
dose	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
was	O
strongly	O
correlated	O
with	O
grip	O
force	O
in	O
ON	O
-	O
state	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
79	O
with	O
peak	O
force	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
correlation	O
was	O
observed	O
between	O
forces	O
and	O
the	O
motor	O
score	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
with	O
the	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
dopaminergic	O
medication	O
.	O

Force	O
excess	O
was	O
only	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
LID	B-Disease
and	O
motor	O
fluctuations	O
.	O

A	O
close	O
relationship	O
was	O
seen	O
between	O
the	O
overshooting	O
of	O
forces	O
and	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
ON	O
-	O
drug	O
condition	O
.	O

We	O
postulate	O
that	O
both	O
LID	B-Disease
and	O
grip	O
force	O
excess	O
share	O
common	O
pathophysiological	O
mechanisms	O
related	O
to	O
motor	O
fluctuations	O
.	O

Behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
on	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
dizocilpine	B-Chemical
(	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
noncompetitive	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
were	O
studied	O
on	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
behaviors	O
induced	O
by	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
treatments	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
focuses	O
on	O
behavioral	O
syndromes	O
that	O
may	O
used	O
as	O
models	O
for	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
tardive	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
its	O
response	O
after	O
glutamatergic	O
blockage	O
.	O

Reserpine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
once	O
every	O
other	O
day	O
for	O
4	O
days	O
,	O
produced	O
increases	O
in	O
orofacial	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
,	O
tongue	O
protrusion	O
and	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
signs	O
indicative	O
of	O
tardive	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
.	O

Reserpine	B-Chemical
also	O
produced	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
are	O
signs	O
suggestive	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
the	O
observation	O
test	O
,	O
prevented	O
the	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
movements	O
,	O
tongue	O
protrusions	O
and	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
injection	O
produced	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
of	O
tremor	B-Disease
in	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
mice	O
.	O

Reserpine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
90	O
min	O
before	O
the	O
test	O
and	O
followed	O
by	O
apomophine	B-Chemical
injection	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
5	O
min	O
before	O
the	O
test	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
produce	O
oral	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
compared	O
to	O
control	O
mice	O
.	O

MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
administration	O
attenuated	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
tremor	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
24	O
h	O
before	O
the	O
observation	O
test	O
produced	O
increases	O
in	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
movements	O
and	O
tongue	O
protrusion	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
increases	O
in	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
injection	O
90	O
min	O
before	O
the	O
test	O
reversed	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
produces	O
different	O
and	O
abnormal	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
are	O
related	O
to	O
dose	O
and	O
schedule	O
employed	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
and	O
tardive	B-Disease
dsykinesia	I-Disease
signs	O
.	O

The	O
glutamatergic	O
blockage	O
produced	O
by	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
can	O
restore	O
these	O
signs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
movements	O
,	O
tongue	O
protrusions	O
,	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
tremor	B-Disease
according	O
to	O
the	O
employed	O
model	O
.	O

Risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
,	O
benign	O
transient	O
visual	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
in	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
a	O
past	O
history	O
of	O
LSD	B-Chemical
abuse	O
.	O

Two	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
a	O
prior	O
history	O
of	O
LSD	B-Chemical
abuse	O
and	O
who	O
had	O
previously	O
developed	O
EPS	B-Disease
with	O
classic	O
antipsychotics	O
,	O
were	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

They	O
both	O
reported	O
short	O
episodes	O
of	O
transient	O
visual	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
appeared	O
immediately	O
after	O
starting	O
treatment	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
imagery	O
resembled	O
visual	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
previously	O
experienced	O
as	O
"	O
flashbacks	O
"	O
related	O
to	O
prior	O
LSD	B-Chemical
consumption	O
.	O

Risperidone	B-Chemical
administration	O
was	O
continued	O
and	O
the	O
visual	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
gradually	O
wore	O
off	O
.	O

During	O
a	O
six	O
-	O
month	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
recurrence	O
of	O
visual	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
phenomenon	O
may	O
be	O
interpreted	O
as	O
a	O
benign	O
,	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
and	O
self	O
-	O
limiting	O
side	O
effect	O
which	O
does	O
not	O
contraindicate	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
or	O
interfere	O
with	O
treatment	O
.	O

Conclusions	O
based	O
on	O
two	O
case	O
reports	O
should	O
be	O
taken	O
with	O
appropriate	O
caution	O
.	O

Topiramate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
.	O

Topiramate	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
recently	O
developed	O
antiepileptic	O
medication	O
that	O
is	O
becoming	O
more	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
efficacy	O
in	O
treating	O
refractory	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

Urologists	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
that	O
this	O
medication	O
can	O
cause	O
metabolic	B-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
secondary	O
to	O
inhibition	O
of	O
carbonic	O
anhydrase	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
a	O
distal	O
tubular	O
acidification	O
defect	O
may	O
result	O
,	O
thus	O
impairing	O
the	O
normal	O
compensatory	O
drop	O
in	O
urine	O
pH	O
.	O

These	O
factors	O
can	O
lead	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
first	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
topiramate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
urologic	O
literature	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
in	O
war	O
/	O
tropical	O
surgery	O
(	O
a	O
final	O
tribute	O
to	O
the	O
racemic	O
mixture	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
technique	O
of	O
continuous	O
intravenous	O
anaesthesia	O
with	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
was	O
used	O
successfully	O
during	O
the	O
Somalia	O
civil	O
war	O
in	O
1994	O
and	O
in	O
north	O
Uganda	O
in	O
1999	O
for	O
64	O
operations	O
in	O
62	O
patients	O
,	O
aged	O
from	O
6	O
weeks	O
to	O
70	O
years	O
,	O
undergoing	O
limb	O
and	O
abdominal	O
surgery	O
including	O
caesarian	O
sections	O
and	O
interventions	O
in	O
neonates	O
.	O

Operations	O
lasting	O
up	O
to	O
2h	O
could	O
be	O
performed	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
sophisticated	O
equipment	O
such	O
as	O
pulse	O
oximeters	O
or	O
ventilators	O
in	O
patients	O
on	O
spontaneous	O
ventilation	O
breathing	O
air	O
/	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
only	O
.	O

After	O
premedication	O
with	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
and	O
local	O
anaesthesia	O
,	O
and	O
induction	O
with	O
standard	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
maintenance	O
dose	O
of	O
10	O
-	O
20	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
proved	O
safe	O
and	O
effective	O
.	O

Emphasis	O
was	O
placed	O
on	O
bedside	O
clinical	O
monitoring	O
,	O
relying	O
heavily	O
on	O
the	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

Diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
unless	O
contraindicated	O
or	O
risky	O
,	O
remains	O
the	O
only	O
necessary	O
complementary	O
drug	O
to	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
as	O
it	O
buffers	O
its	O
cardiovascular	O
response	O
and	O
decreases	O
the	O
duration	O
and	O
intensity	O
of	O
operative	O
and	O
postoperative	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
.	O

Local	O
anaesthetic	O
blocks	O
were	O
useful	O
in	O
decreasing	O
the	O
requirement	O
for	O
postoperative	O
analgesia	B-Disease
.	O

An	O
antisialogue	O
was	O
usually	O
unnecessary	O
in	O
operations	O
lasting	O
up	O
to	O
2	O
h	O
,	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
being	O
the	O
best	O
choice	O
for	O
its	O
lowest	O
psychotropic	O
and	O
chronotropic	O
effects	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
a	O
hot	O
climate	O
.	O

Experience	O
in	O
war	O
/	O
tropical	O
settings	O
suggests	O
this	O
technique	O
could	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
civilian	O
contexts	O
such	O
as	O
outdoor	O
life	O
-	O
saving	O
emergency	O
surgery	O
or	O
in	O
mass	O
casualties	O
where	O
,	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
amputation	O
and	O
rapid	O
extrication	O
were	O
required	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
immunocompromised	O
children	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Adenovirus	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
cause	O
of	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
in	O
the	O
immunocompromised	O
host	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
pediatrics	O
is	O
increasing	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
growing	O
numbers	O
of	O
immunocompromised	O
children	O
,	O
where	O
case	O
fatality	O
rates	O
as	O
high	O
as	O
50	O
%	O
to	O
80	O
%	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
no	O
approved	O
antiviral	O
agents	O
with	O
proven	O
efficacy	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
nor	O
are	O
there	O
any	O
prospective	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
trials	O
of	O
potentially	O
useful	O
anti	O
-	O
adenovirus	O
therapies	O
.	O

Apparent	O
clinical	O
success	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
is	O
limited	O
to	O
a	O
few	O
case	O
reports	O
and	O
small	O
series	O
.	O

Experience	O
is	O
greatest	O
with	O
intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
and	O
cidofovir	B-Chemical
.	O

Ribavirin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
guanosine	B-Chemical
analogue	O
,	O
has	O
broad	O
antiviral	O
activity	O
against	O
both	O
RNA	O
and	O
DNA	O
viruses	O
,	O
including	O
documented	O
activity	O
against	O
adenovirus	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

Ribavirin	B-Chemical
is	O
licensed	O
in	O
aerosol	O
form	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
respiratory	B-Disease
syncytial	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
orally	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
interferon	O
to	O
treat	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
C	I-Disease
.	O

Intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
choice	O
for	O
infection	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
hemorrhagic	I-Disease
fever	I-Disease
viruses	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
is	O
reversible	O
mild	O
anemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
cidofovir	B-Chemical
in	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
limited	O
by	O
adverse	O
effects	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
significant	O
of	O
which	O
is	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
report	O
our	O
experience	O
with	O
intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
immunocompromised	O
children	O
and	O
review	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
/	O
METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
retrospectively	O
reviewed	O
the	O
medical	O
records	O
of	O
5	O
children	O
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
for	O
documented	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
adenovirus	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
after	O
cardiac	O
and	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplants	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplant	O
patient	O
also	O
received	O
intravenous	O
cidofovir	B-Chemical
for	O
progressive	O
disseminated	O
disease	O
.	O

An	O
additional	O
3	O
children	O
developed	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
pneumonia	I-Disease
;	O
2	O
were	O
neonates	O
,	O
1	O
of	O
whom	O
had	O
partial	O
DiGeorge	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
infant	O
had	O
recently	O
undergone	O
a	O
cardiac	O
transplant	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
on	O
a	O
compassionate	O
-	O
use	O
protocol	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Complete	O
clinical	O
recovery	O
followed	O
later	O
by	O
viral	O
clearance	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
2	O
children	O
:	O
the	O
cardiac	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
with	O
adenovirus	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
immunocompetent	O
neonate	O
with	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
pneumonia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
3	O
children	O
died	O
of	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
cidofovir	B-Chemical
in	O
1	O
child	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
progressive	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Our	O
series	O
of	O
patients	O
is	O
representative	O
of	O
the	O
spectrum	O
of	O
immunocompromised	O
children	O
at	O
greatest	O
risk	O
for	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
namely	O
solid	O
-	O
organ	O
and	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
,	O
neonates	O
,	O
and	O
children	O
with	O
immunodeficiency	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
effective	O
for	O
all	O
children	O
with	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
this	O
series	O
or	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
therapy	O
is	O
unlikely	O
to	O
be	O
of	O
benefit	O
if	O
begun	O
late	O
in	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
the	O
infection	B-Disease
.	O

Early	O
identification	O
,	O
eg	O
by	O
polymerase	O
chain	O
reaction	O
of	O
those	O
patients	O
at	O
risk	O
of	O
disseminated	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
may	O
permit	O
earlier	O
antiviral	O
treatment	O
and	O
better	O
evaluation	O
of	O
therapeutic	O
response	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Two	O
of	O
5	O
children	O
with	O
severe	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
recovered	O
.	O

The	O
availability	O
of	O
newer	O
rapid	O
diagnostic	O
techniques	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
polymerase	O
chain	O
reaction	O
,	O
may	O
make	O
earlier	O
,	O
more	O
effective	O
treatment	O
of	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
possible	O
.	O

Given	O
the	O
seriousness	O
and	O
increasing	O
prevalence	O
of	O
adenovirus	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
certain	O
hosts	O
,	O
especially	O
children	O
,	O
a	O
large	O
,	O
multicenter	O
clinical	O
trial	O
of	O
potentially	O
useful	O
anti	O
-	O
adenoviral	O
therapies	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
intravenous	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
,	O
is	O
clearly	O
required	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
and	O
least	O
toxic	O
therapy	O
.	O

Delayed	O
asystolic	B-Disease
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
after	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
;	O
resuscitation	O
with	O
high	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
calcium	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
51	O
year	O
old	O
man	O
took	O
a	O
mixed	O
overdose	B-Disease
including	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
g	O
of	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
,	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
isosorbide	B-Chemical
nitrate	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
.	O

He	O
initially	O
presented	O
to	O
hospital	O
after	O
six	O
hours	O
with	O
mild	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
activated	O
charcoal	O
and	O
intravenous	O
fluids	O
.	O

Eighteen	O
hours	O
after	O
the	O
overdose	B-Disease
he	O
had	O
two	O
generalised	O
tonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
remained	O
unresponsive	O
with	O
junctional	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
unrecordable	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
became	O
asystolic	B-Disease
.	O

He	O
was	O
resuscitated	O
with	O
high	O
dose	O
(	O
13	O
.	O
5	O
g	O
)	O
intravenous	O
calcium	B-Chemical
and	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

He	O
required	O
inotropic	O
support	O
and	O
temporary	O
pacing	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
48	O
hours	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
suggests	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
role	O
for	O
aggressive	O
high	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
calcium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
severe	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
with	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
asystole	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
early	O
in	O
cases	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
after	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
case	O
also	O
highlights	O
the	O
problems	O
with	O
delayed	O
toxicity	B-Disease
when	O
whole	O
bowel	O
irrigation	O
is	O
not	O
administered	O
.	O

Low	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
molecular	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
weight	I-Chemical
heparin	I-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
mechanical	O
heart	O
valves	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
interruption	O
of	O
oral	O
anticoagulant	O
(	O
OAC	O
)	O
administration	O
is	O
sometimes	O
indicated	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
mechanical	O
heart	O
valves	O
,	O
mainly	O
before	O
noncardiac	O
surgery	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
surgical	O
interventions	O
,	O
and	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

Unfractionated	B-Chemical
heparin	I-Chemical
(	O
UH	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
currently	O
the	O
substitute	O
for	O
selected	O
patients	O
.	O

Low	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
molecular	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
weight	I-Chemical
heparin	I-Chemical
(	O
LMWH	B-Chemical
)	O
offers	O
theoretical	O
advantages	O
over	O
UH	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
is	O
not	O
currently	O
considered	O
in	O
clinical	O
guidelines	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
UH	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
prosthetic	O
valves	O
.	O

HYPOTHESIS	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
review	O
the	O
data	O
accumulated	O
so	O
far	O
on	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
LMWH	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
patient	O
population	O
and	O
to	O
discuss	O
its	O
applicability	O
in	O
common	O
practice	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
For	O
this	O
paper	O
,	O
the	O
current	O
medical	O
literature	O
on	O
LMWH	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
mechanical	O
heart	O
valves	O
was	O
extensively	O
reviewed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
There	O
were	O
eight	O
series	O
and	O
six	O
case	O
reports	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
studies	O
was	O
randomized	O
,	O
and	O
only	O
one	O
was	O
prospective	O
.	O

Data	O
to	O
establish	O
the	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
risk	O
were	O
incomplete	O
.	O

After	O
excluding	O
case	O
reports	O
,	O
the	O
following	O
groups	O
were	O
constructed	O
:	O
(	O
a	O
)	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
administration	O
,	O
after	O
valve	O
insertion	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
212	O
)	O
;	O
(	O
b	O
)	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
,	O
perioperative	O
(	O
noncardiac	O
)	O
/	O
periprocedural	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
114	O
)	O
;	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
intolerance	O
to	O
OAC	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
16	O
)	O
;	O
(	O
d	O
)	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
,	O
in	O
pregnancy	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
rate	O
of	O
thromboembolism	B-Disease
was	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
all	O
the	O
studies	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
0	O
,	O
20	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
%	O
in	O
groups	O
a	O
,	O
b	O
,	O
c	O
,	O
and	O
d	O
,	O
respectively	O
;	O
for	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
overall	O
rate	O
was	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
respective	O
groups	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
patients	O
with	O
mechanical	O
heart	O
valves	O
,	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
LMWH	B-Chemical
therapy	O
compares	O
favorably	O
with	O
UH	B-Chemical
.	O

Data	O
on	O
mid	O
-	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
LMWH	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
are	O
sparse	O
.	O

Further	O
randomized	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
confirm	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
precise	O
indications	O
for	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
LMWH	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
mechanical	O
heart	O
valves	O
.	O

Cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
after	O
intravenous	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
-	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
five	O
repeated	O
injections	O
of	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
causing	O
five	O
episodes	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
patient	O
where	O
intravenous	O
injection	O
of	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
was	O
immediately	O
followed	O
by	O
asystole	B-Disease
repeatedly	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
received	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
five	O
times	O
during	O
48	O
h	O
.	O

After	O
interviewing	O
the	O
attending	O
nurses	O
and	O
reviewing	O
the	O
written	O
documentation	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
clear	O
that	O
every	O
administration	O
of	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
was	O
immediately	O
(	O
within	O
s	O
)	O
followed	O
by	O
asystole	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
asystole	B-Disease
lasted	O
15	O
-	O
30	O
s	O
on	O
four	O
occasions	O
,	O
on	O
one	O
occasion	O
it	O
lasted	O
2	O
min	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
received	O
atropine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
1	O
mg	O
and	O
chest	O
compressions	O
,	O
before	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
again	O
took	O
over	O
.	O

We	O
interpret	O
this	O
as	O
episodes	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
rapid	O
injection	O
via	O
the	O
central	O
venous	O
route	O
and	O
the	O
concomitant	O
tapering	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
might	O
have	O
contributed	O
in	O
precipitating	O
the	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
study	O
on	O
inducible	O
type	O
of	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
iNOS	O
)	O
,	O
basic	O
fibroblast	O
growth	O
factor	O
(	O
bFGF	O
)	O
and	O
tumor	B-Disease
growth	O
factor	O
-	O
beta1	O
(	O
TGF	O
-	O
beta1	O
)	O
in	O
arteritis	B-Disease
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
and	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
,	O
vasodilators	O
.	O

Arteritis	B-Disease
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
vasodilators	O
,	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
and	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
examined	O
immunohistochemically	O
for	O
expressions	O
of	O
inducible	O
type	O
of	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
iNOS	O
)	O
,	O
basic	O
fibroblast	O
growth	O
factor	O
(	O
bFGF	O
)	O
and	O
tumor	B-Disease
growth	O
factor	O
-	O
beta1	O
(	O
TGF	O
-	O
beta1	O
)	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
administered	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
for	O
24	O
hours	O
by	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
following	O
repeated	O
daily	O
oral	O
administrations	O
of	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
.	O

Irrespective	O
of	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
iNOS	O
antigens	O
were	O
remarkably	O
abundant	O
in	O
ED	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
positive	O
cells	O
on	O
day	O
5	O
and	O
8	O
post	O
-	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
-	O
infusion	O
(	O
DPI	O
)	O
;	O
bFGF	O
antigens	O
were	O
remarkably	O
abundant	O
in	O
ED	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
positive	O
cells	O
on	O
1	O
and	O
3	O
DPI	O
;	O
TGF	O
-	O
beta1	O
antigens	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
ED	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
positive	O
cells	O
on	O
and	O
after	O
5	O
DPI	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
peak	O
expression	O
of	O
iNOS	O
antigen	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
that	O
of	O
bFGF	O
antigen	O
,	O
and	O
bFGF	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
suppressive	O
effect	O
on	O
iNOS	O
expression	O
in	O
these	O
rat	O
arteritis	B-Disease
models	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
TGF	O
-	O
beta1	O
was	O
not	O
considered	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
suppressive	O
effect	O
on	O
iNOS	O
expression	O
in	O
these	O
models	O
.	O

The	O
striatum	O
as	O
a	O
target	O
for	O
anti	O
-	O
rigor	O
effects	O
of	O
an	O
antagonist	O
of	O
mGluR1	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
an	O
agonist	O
of	O
group	O
II	O
metabotropic	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
receptors	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
whether	O
the	O
metabotropic	O
receptor	O
1	O
(	O
mGluR1	O
)	O
and	O
group	O
II	O
mGluRs	O
,	O
localized	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
antiparkinsonian	O
-	O
like	O
effects	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
induced	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
,	O
measured	O
as	O
an	O
increased	O
resistance	O
of	O
a	O
rat	O
'	O
s	O
hind	O
foot	O
to	O
passive	O
flexion	O
and	O
extension	O
at	O
the	O
ankle	O
joint	O
.	O

(	B-Chemical
RS	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminoindan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dicarboxylic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
AIDA	B-Chemical
;	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
15	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
potent	O
and	O
selective	O
mGluR1	O
antagonist	O
,	O
or	O
(	B-Chemical
2R	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4R	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyrrolidine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dicarboxylate	I-Chemical
(	O
2R	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4R	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
APDC	I-Chemical
;	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
15	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
selective	O
group	O
II	O
agonist	O
,	O
was	O
injected	O
bilaterally	O
into	O
the	O
striatum	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
.	O

AIDA	B-Chemical
in	O
doses	O
of	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
15	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
diminished	O
the	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
2R	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4R	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
APDC	I-Chemical
injections	O
were	O
ineffective	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
results	O
may	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
striatal	O
mGluR1	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
stimulation	O
of	O
group	O
II	O
mGluRs	O
,	O
may	O
ameliorate	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
advanced	O
metastatic	O
renal	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
activity	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
metastatic	O
renal	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
to	O
measure	O
changes	O
of	O
one	O
angiogenic	O
factor	O
,	O
vascular	O
endothelial	O
growth	O
factor	O
(	O
VEGF	O
)	O
165	O
,	O
with	O
therapy	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
29	O
patients	O
were	O
enrolled	O
on	O
a	O
study	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
using	O
an	O
intra	O
-	O
patient	O
dose	O
escalation	O
schedule	O
.	O

Patients	O
began	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
at	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
and	O
escalated	O
as	O
tolerated	O
to	O
1200	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
by	O
day	O
54	O
.	O

Fifty	O
-	O
nine	O
per	O
cent	O
of	O
patients	O
had	O
had	O
previous	O
therapy	O
with	O
IL	O
-	O
2	O
and	O
52	O
%	O
were	O
performance	O
status	O
2	O
or	O
3	O
.	O

Systemic	O
plasma	O
VEGF165	O
levels	O
were	O
measured	O
by	O
dual	O
monoclonal	O
ELISA	O
in	O
8	O
patients	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
24	O
patients	O
were	O
evaluable	O
for	O
response	O
with	O
one	O
partial	O
response	O
of	O
11	O
months	O
duration	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
hepatic	O
and	O
pulmonary	O
metastases	B-Disease
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
one	O
minor	O
response	O
,	O
and	O
2	O
patients	O
stable	O
for	O
over	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

Somnolence	B-Disease
and	O
constipation	B-Disease
were	O
prominent	O
toxicities	B-Disease
and	O
most	O
patients	O
could	O
not	O
tolerate	O
the	O
1200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
dose	O
level	O
.	O

Systemic	O
plasma	O
VEGF165	O
levels	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
with	O
therapy	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
a	O
low	O
level	O
of	O
activity	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
renal	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
doses	O
over	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
was	O
difficult	O
to	O
achieve	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
population	O
,	O
however	O
lower	O
doses	O
were	O
practical	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
relationship	O
,	O
if	O
any	O
,	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
for	O
renal	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
is	O
unclear	O
.	O

Can	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
reduce	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
induced	O
postoperative	B-Disease
myalgia	I-Disease
?	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
on	O
reduction	O
of	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myalgia	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
general	O
anesthesia	O
for	O
gynecological	O
surgery	O
.	O

One	O
hundred	O
and	O
thirty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
were	O
assigned	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
three	O
groups	O
in	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
double	O
blind	O
,	O
randomized	O
manner	O
.	O

Group	O
PS	O
,	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
received	O
normal	O
saline	O
and	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
x	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
;	O
Group	O
LS	O
,	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
x	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
and	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
x	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
;	O
Group	O
PR	O
,	O
normal	O
saline	O
and	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
6	O
mg	O
x	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

Morphine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
x	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
iv	O
was	O
given	O
for	O
premedication	O
and	O
all	O
patients	O
were	O
monitored	O
with	O
a	O
noninvasive	O
blood	O
pressure	O
monitor	O
,	O
ECG	O
and	O
pulse	O
oximetry	O
.	O

Anesthesia	O
was	O
induced	O
with	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
thiopental	B-Chemical
iv	O
.	O
followed	O
by	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
Group	O
PS	O
,	O
LS	O
)	O
or	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
(	O
Group	O
PR	O
)	O
for	O
tracheal	O
intubation	O
.	O

Following	O
administration	O
of	O
these	O
agents	O
,	O
the	O
presence	O
,	O
and	O
degree	O
of	O
fasciculation	B-Disease
were	O
assessed	O
visually	O
on	O
a	O
four	O
point	O
scale	O
by	O
one	O
investigator	O
who	O
was	O
blinded	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
administered	O
.	O

The	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
of	O
each	O
patient	O
were	O
monitored	O
on	O
nine	O
occasions	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
four	O
hours	O
later	O
,	O
any	O
myalgia	B-Disease
experienced	O
was	O
assessed	O
according	O
to	O
a	O
structured	O
questionaire	O
and	O
graded	O
by	O
a	O
four	O
point	O
scale	O
by	O
one	O
investigator	O
blinded	O
to	O
the	O
intraoperative	O
management	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculation	I-Disease
was	O
not	O
found	O
in	O
Group	O
PR	O
while	O
the	O
patients	O
in	O
Group	O
LS	O
had	O
a	O
lower	O
incidence	O
of	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculation	I-Disease
than	O
those	O
in	O
Group	O
PS	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
myalgia	B-Disease
was	O
higher	O
in	O
Group	O
PS	O
than	O
in	O
Group	O
LS	O
and	O
PR	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
correlation	O
was	O
not	O
found	O
between	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
myalgia	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculation	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
changes	O
in	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
were	O
not	O
significant	O
among	O
the	O
three	O
groups	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
where	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
is	O
used	O
,	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
is	O
proven	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
useful	O
pretreatment	O
agent	O
for	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
myalgia	I-Disease
.	O

Reduced	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
density	O
,	O
altered	O
voltage	O
dependence	O
of	O
inactivation	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
lacking	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
beta	O
2	O
-	O
subunits	O
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
beta	O
-	O
subunits	O
modulate	O
channel	O
gating	O
,	O
assembly	O
,	O
and	O
cell	O
surface	O
expression	O
in	O
heterologous	O
cell	O
systems	O
.	O

We	O
generated	O
beta2	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
beta2	O
in	O
control	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
density	O
,	O
localization	O
,	O
and	O
function	O
in	O
neurons	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Measurements	O
of	O
[	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
H	O
]	O
saxitoxin	B-Chemical
(	O
STX	B-Chemical
)	O
binding	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
plasma	O
membrane	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channels	O
in	O
beta2	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
neurons	O
.	O

The	O
loss	O
of	O
beta2	O
resulted	O
in	O
negative	O
shifts	O
in	O
the	O
voltage	O
dependence	O
of	O
inactivation	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
significant	O
decreases	O
in	O
sodium	B-Chemical
current	O
density	O
in	O
acutely	O
dissociated	O
hippocampal	O
neurons	O
.	O

The	O
integral	O
of	O
the	O
compound	O
action	O
potential	O
in	O
optic	O
nerve	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
threshold	O
for	O
action	O
potential	O
generation	O
was	O
increased	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
functional	O
plasma	O
membrane	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channels	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
conduction	O
velocity	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
and	O
size	O
of	O
axons	O
in	O
the	O
optic	O
nerve	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
specific	O
localization	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
v	O
)	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
channels	O
in	O
the	O
nodes	O
of	O
Ranvier	O
were	O
unchanged	O
.	O

beta2	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
displayed	O
increased	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
indicated	O
by	O
reduced	O
latency	O
and	O
threshold	O
for	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
seemed	O
normal	O
in	O
other	O
neurological	O
tests	O
.	O

Our	O
observations	O
show	O
that	O
beta2	O
-	O
subunits	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
density	O
and	O
function	O
in	O
neurons	O
in	O
vivo	O
and	O
are	O
required	O
for	O
normal	O
action	O
potential	O
generation	O
and	O
control	O
of	O
excitability	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
with	O
concurrent	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
and	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
fatal	O
liver	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
possibly	O
associated	O
with	O
concurrent	O
use	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
and	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
41	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Chinese	O
man	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
had	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
and	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
past	O
5	O
years	O
.	O

He	O
received	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
day	O
course	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
aid	O
for	O
smoking	O
cessation	O
10	O
weeks	O
prior	O
to	O
presentation	O
.	O

He	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
with	O
rapid	O
deterioration	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

Liver	O
biopsy	O
showed	O
evidence	O
of	O
nonspecific	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
acute	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

His	O
condition	O
was	O
further	O
complicated	O
by	O
sepsis	B-Disease
and	O
coagulopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Death	O
resulted	O
19	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
symptoms	O
.	O

The	O
likelihood	O
that	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
induced	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
our	O
patient	O
was	O
possible	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Naranjo	O
probability	O
scale	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Although	O
there	O
is	O
increasing	O
evidence	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
of	O
fatality	O
that	O
could	O
have	O
resulted	O
from	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
receiving	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
while	O
on	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
insult	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
given	O
concurrently	O
with	O
other	O
hepatotoxic	B-Disease
drugs	O
.	O

Pyeloureteral	O
filling	O
defects	O
associated	O
with	O
systemic	O
anticoagulation	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

The	O
etiology	O
of	O
pyeloureteritis	B-Disease
cystica	I-Disease
has	O
long	O
been	O
attributed	O
to	O
chronic	O
infection	B-Disease
and	O
inflammation	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
is	O
presented	O
that	O
is	O
unique	O
in	O
that	O
the	O
acute	O
onset	O
and	O
the	O
rapid	O
resolution	O
of	O
pyeloureteral	O
filling	O
defects	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
were	O
documented	O
by	O
radiography	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
antecedent	O
or	O
concurrent	O
infection	B-Disease
in	O
this	O
patient	O
.	O

The	O
disease	O
occurred	O
subsequent	O
to	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
suspected	O
pelvic	O
thrombophlebitis	B-Disease
and	O
cleared	O
rapidly	O
subsequent	O
to	O
its	O
discontinuation	O
.	O

The	O
rate	O
of	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
radiographic	O
findings	O
may	O
be	O
helpful	O
in	O
distinguishing	O
between	O
true	O
pyeloureteritis	B-Disease
cystica	I-Disease
and	O
submucosal	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

Nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
in	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
angiography	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
use	O
of	O
iodinated	O
contrast	O
medium	O
can	O
result	O
in	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Whether	O
iso	O
-	O
osmolar	O
contrast	O
medium	O
is	O
less	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
than	O
low	O
-	O
osmolar	O
contrast	O
medium	O
in	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
is	O
uncertain	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
conducted	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
prospective	O
,	O
multicenter	O
study	O
comparing	O
the	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
an	O
iso	O
-	O
osmolar	O
,	O
dimeric	O
,	O
nonionic	O
contrast	O
medium	O
,	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
,	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
osmolar	O
,	O
nonionic	O
,	O
monomeric	O
contrast	O
medium	O
,	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
study	O
involved	O
129	O
patients	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
with	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
who	O
underwent	O
coronary	O
or	O
aortofemoral	O
angiography	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
end	O
point	O
was	O
the	O
peak	O
increase	O
from	O
base	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
during	O
the	O
three	O
days	O
after	O
angiography	O
.	O

Other	O
end	O
points	O
were	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
from	O
day	O
0	O
to	O
day	O
7	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
increased	O
significantly	O
less	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
.	O

From	O
day	O
0	O
to	O
day	O
3	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
peak	O
increase	O
in	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
was	O
0	O
.	O
13	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
in	O
the	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
group	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
55	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
in	O
the	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
;	O
the	O
increase	O
with	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
minus	O
the	O
increase	O
with	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
,	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
42	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
[	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
73	O
to	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
22	O
]	O
)	O
.	O

Two	O
of	O
the	O
64	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
3	O
percent	O
)	O
had	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
17	O
of	O
the	O
65	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
26	O
percent	O
)	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
;	O
odds	O
ratio	O
for	O
such	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
09	O
[	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
41	O
]	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
patient	O
receiving	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
had	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
but	O
10	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
15	O
percent	O
)	O
did	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
from	O
day	O
0	O
to	O
day	O
7	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
07	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
in	O
the	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
group	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
24	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
in	O
the	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
003	O
;	O
value	O
in	O
the	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
group	O
minus	O
the	O
value	O
in	O
the	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
mg	O
per	O
deciliter	O
[	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
34	O
to	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
07	O
]	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Nephropathy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
contrast	O
medium	O
may	O
be	O
less	O
likely	O
to	O
develop	O
in	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
when	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
is	O
used	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
osmolar	O
,	O
nonionic	O
contrast	O
medium	O
.	O

Protective	O
effect	O
of	O
edaravone	B-Chemical
against	O
streptomycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vestibulotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
guinea	O
pig	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
investigated	O
alleviation	O
of	O
streptomycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vestibulotoxicity	B-Disease
by	O
edaravone	B-Chemical
in	O
guinea	O
pigs	O
.	O

Edaravone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
free	O
radical	O
scavenger	O
,	O
has	O
potent	O
free	O
radical	O
quenching	O
action	O
and	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
clinical	O
practice	O
to	O
treat	O
cerebral	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Streptomycin	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
to	O
the	O
inner	O
ear	O
by	O
osmotic	O
pump	O
for	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
and	O
edaravone	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
or	O
saline	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
was	O
intraperitoneally	O
injected	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
.	O

We	O
observed	O
horizontal	O
vestibulo	O
-	O
ocular	O
reflex	O
as	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
postoperative	O
vestibular	O
function	O
.	O

Animals	O
injected	O
with	O
saline	O
showed	O
statistically	O
smaller	O
gains	O
than	O
those	O
injected	O
with	O
edaravone	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
edaravone	B-Chemical
suppresses	O
streptomycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vestibulotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
oromandibular	O
dystonia	B-Disease
in	O
progressive	B-Disease
supranuclear	I-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
multiple	B-Disease
system	I-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
.	O

Cranial	O
dystonias	B-Disease
are	O
rare	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
progressive	B-Disease
supranuclear	I-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
(	O
PSP	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
report	O
we	O
describe	O
an	O
unusual	O
case	O
of	O
reversible	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
Oromandibular	B-Disease
dystonia	I-Disease
(	O
OMD	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
a	O
PSP	B-Disease
patient	O
to	O
highlight	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
recognizing	O
this	O
drug	O
related	O
complication	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
PSP	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
discuss	O
the	O
possible	O
underlying	O
pathophysiology	O
.	O

Case	O
report	O
:	O
Dexatrim	B-Chemical
(	O
Phenylpropanolamine	B-Chemical
)	O
as	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Phenylpropanolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
PPA	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
sympathetic	O
amine	B-Chemical
used	O
in	O
over	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
counter	O
cold	O
remedies	O
and	O
weight	O
-	O
control	O
preparations	O
worldwide	O
.	O

Its	O
use	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
episodes	O
and	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
strokes	I-Disease
in	O
younger	O
women	O
.	O

Several	O
reports	O
have	O
linked	O
the	O
abuse	O
of	O
PPA	B-Chemical
with	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
especially	O
when	O
overdose	B-Disease
is	O
involved	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
here	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
of	O
Dexatrim	B-Chemical
(	O
PPA	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
young	O
woman	O
who	O
was	O
using	O
it	O
at	O
recommended	O
doses	O
for	O
weight	O
control	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
we	O
review	O
the	O
7	O
other	O
cases	O
of	O
PPA	B-Chemical
related	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
that	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
so	O
far	O
.	O

Physicians	O
and	O
patients	O
should	O
be	O
alert	O
to	O
the	O
potential	O
cardiac	O
risk	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
PPA	B-Chemical
,	O
even	O
at	O
doses	O
generally	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
safe	O
.	O

Differential	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
high	O
serum	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
levels	O
in	O
systemic	B-Disease
lupus	I-Disease
erythematosus	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
bioptic	O
findings	O
for	O
a	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
severe	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Since	O
1989	O
,	O
she	O
had	O
been	O
suffering	O
from	O
systemic	B-Disease
lupus	I-Disease
erythematosus	I-Disease
(	O
SLE	B-Disease
)	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
involvement	I-Disease
and	O
undergone	O
periods	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Additional	O
therapy	O
with	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
(	O
CQ	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
started	O
because	O
of	O
arthralgia	B-Disease
.	O

At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
slightly	O
increased	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
(	O
CK	O
)	O
levels	O
were	O
noted	O
.	O

Myositis	B-Disease
was	O
suspected	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
steroids	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
CK	O
increase	O
persisted	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
developed	O
progressive	O
muscular	B-Disease
weakness	I-Disease
and	O
muscular	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
.	O

Routine	O
controls	O
revealed	O
markedly	O
elevated	O
CK	O
levels	O
of	O
1	O
,	O
700	O
U	O
/	O
l	O
.	O

The	O
neurological	O
and	O
electrophysiological	O
findings	O
were	O
not	O
typical	O
of	O
myositis	B-Disease
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
muscle	O
biopsy	O
of	O
the	O
deltoid	O
muscle	O
was	O
performed	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
exclude	O
polymyositis	B-Disease
or	O
toxic	O
myopathy	B-Disease
.	O

As	O
it	O
revealed	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myopathy	B-Disease
,	O
medication	O
was	O
stopped	O
.	O

Discriminating	O
between	O
primary	O
SLE	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
affection	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
musculoskeletal	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
and	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
side	O
effects	O
is	O
important	O
for	O
appropriate	O
treatment	O
of	O
SLE	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Seizure	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sleep	B-Disease
deprivation	I-Disease
and	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
describes	O
a	O
generalized	O
seizure	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
use	O
and	O
sleep	B-Disease
deprivation	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
subject	O
,	O
a	O
31	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
smoker	O
,	O
was	O
participating	O
in	O
a	O
clinical	O
trial	O
evaluating	O
an	O
investigational	O
medication	O
for	O
smoking	O
cessation	O
that	O
used	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
active	O
control	O
.	O

After	O
5	O
weeks	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
the	O
subject	O
experienced	O
a	O
generalized	O
tonic	O
clonic	O
seizure	B-Disease
after	O
staying	O
up	O
nearly	O
all	O
night	O
packing	O
and	O
moving	O
to	O
a	O
new	O
residence	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
no	O
other	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
sleep	B-Disease
deprivation	I-Disease
may	O
add	O
to	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Postoperative	B-Disease
myalgia	I-Disease
after	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
:	O
no	O
evidence	O
for	O
an	O
inflammatory	O
origin	O
.	O

A	O
common	O
side	O
effect	O
associated	O
with	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
is	O
postoperative	B-Disease
myalgia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
this	O
myalgia	B-Disease
is	O
still	O
unclear	O
;	O
inflammation	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
but	O
without	O
convincing	O
evidence	O
.	O

We	O
designed	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
an	O
inflammatory	O
reaction	O
contributes	O
to	O
this	O
myalgia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
myalgia	B-Disease
was	O
determined	O
in	O
64	O
patients	O
pretreated	O
with	O
saline	O
or	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
before	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
32	O
for	O
each	O
)	O
.	O

Incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
myalgia	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
:	O
15	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
group	O
complained	O
of	O
myalgia	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
18	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
saline	O
group	O
,	O
and	O
severe	O
myalgia	B-Disease
was	O
reported	O
by	O
five	O
patients	O
and	O
three	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
not	O
significant	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
48	O
h	O
after	O
surgery	O
,	O
12	O
patients	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
still	O
suffered	O
from	O
myalgia	B-Disease
(	O
not	O
significant	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
interleukin	O
-	O
6	O
(	O
IL	O
-	O
6	O
)	O
as	O
an	O
early	O
marker	O
of	O
inflammation	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
a	O
subgroup	O
of	O
10	O
patients	O
pretreated	O
with	O
saline	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
IL	O
-	O
6	O
for	O
only	O
three	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
one	O
patient	O
reported	O
myalgia	B-Disease
;	O
no	O
relationship	O
between	O
myalgia	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
IL	O
-	O
6	O
was	O
found	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
evidence	O
for	O
an	O
inflammatory	O
origin	O
of	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
myalgia	B-Disease
.	O

IMPLICATIONS	O
:	O
Administration	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
before	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
effective	O
in	O
decreasing	O
the	O
incidence	O
or	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
postoperative	B-Disease
myalgia	I-Disease
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
relationship	O
between	O
postoperative	B-Disease
myalgia	I-Disease
and	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
interleukin	O
-	O
6	O
concentrations	O
,	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
inflammation	B-Disease
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
is	O
not	O
justified	O
to	O
prevent	O
postoperative	B-Disease
myalgia	I-Disease
after	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
on	O
hepatic	O
and	O
brain	O
cytochrome	O
P450s	O
and	O
influence	O
of	O
P450	O
modulation	O
in	O
lindane	B-Chemical
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Oral	O
administration	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
10	O
and	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
for	O
5	O
days	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
P450	O
dependent	O
7	O
-	O
ethoxyresorufin	O
-	O
O	O
-	O
deethylase	O
(	O
EROD	O
)	O
,	O
7	O
-	O
pentoxyresorufin	O
-	O
O	O
-	O
dealkylase	O
(	O
PROD	O
)	O
and	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitrosodimethylamine	I-Chemical
demethylase	O
(	O
NDMA	B-Chemical
-	O
d	O
)	O
in	O
rat	O
brain	O
and	O
liver	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
hepatic	O
and	O
brain	O
P450	O
monooxygenases	O
was	O
also	O
observed	O
when	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
exposure	O
of	O
low	O
dose	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
was	O
increased	O
from	O
5	O
days	O
to	O
15	O
or	O
21	O
days	O
.	O

As	O
observed	O
with	O
different	O
doses	O
,	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
induction	O
in	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
P450	O
monooxygenases	O
was	O
several	O
fold	O
higher	O
in	O
liver	O
microsomes	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

Western	O
blotting	O
studies	O
have	O
indicated	O
that	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
P450	O
enzymes	O
could	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
P450	O
1A1	O
/	O
1A2	O
,	O
2B1	O
/	O
2B2	O
and	O
2E1	O
isoenzymes	O
.	O

In	O
vitro	O
studies	O
using	O
organic	O
inhibitors	O
specific	O
for	O
individual	O
P450	O
isoenzymes	O
and	O
antibody	O
inhibition	O
experiments	O
have	O
further	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
PROD	O
,	O
EROD	O
and	O
NDMA	B-Chemical
-	O
d	O
are	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
P450	O
2B1	O
/	O
2B2	O
,	O
1A1	O
/	O
1A2	O
and	O
2E1	O
isoenzymes	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Induction	O
studies	O
have	O
further	O
shown	O
that	O
while	O
pretreatment	O
of	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylcholanthrene	I-Chemical
(	O
MC	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
inducer	O
of	O
P4501A1	O
/	O
1A2	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
produce	O
any	O
significant	O
effect	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
(	O
PB	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inducer	O
of	O
P450	O
2B1	O
/	O
2B2	O
or	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
inducer	O
of	O
P450	O
2E1	O
catalysed	O
reactions	O
,	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
P450	O
-	O
mediated	O
metabolism	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
was	O
blocked	O
by	O
cobalt	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
incidence	O
of	O
convulsions	B-Disease
was	O
increased	O
in	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
lindane	B-Chemical
indicating	O
that	O
lindane	B-Chemical
per	O
se	O
or	O
its	O
metabolites	O
formed	O
by	O
PB	O
or	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
inducible	O
P450	O
isoenzymes	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
its	O
neurobehavioral	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Absolute	O
and	O
attributable	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
in	O
women	O
on	O
combined	O
cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
and	O
ethinylestradiol	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
achieve	O
absolute	O
risk	O
estimates	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
among	O
women	O
on	O
cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
plus	O
ethinylestradiol	B-Chemical
(	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
among	O
women	O
on	O
combined	B-Chemical
oral	I-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
(	O
COCs	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
From	O
the	O
Danish	O
National	O
Register	O
of	O
Patients	O
(	O
NRP	O
)	O
,	O
1996	O
to	O
1998	O
,	O
the	O
records	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
million	O
Danish	O
women	O
,	O
ages	O
15	O
to	O
44	O
years	O
,	O
were	O
searched	O
for	O
evidence	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
.	O

COC	B-Chemical
use	O
was	O
ascertained	O
through	O
mailed	O
questionnaires	O
.	O

Sales	O
statistics	O
of	O
COCs	B-Chemical
and	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
were	O
provided	O
through	O
Danish	O
Drug	O
Statistics	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
During	O
the	O
time	O
frame	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
330	O
women	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
had	O
VTE	B-Disease
while	O
on	O
COCs	B-Chemical
.	O

Of	O
these	O
women	O
,	O
67	O
were	O
on	O
levonorgestrel	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
COCs	B-Chemical
.	O

Eleven	O
were	O
on	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
corresponding	O
absolute	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
was	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
per	O
10	O
000	O
women	O
years	O
among	O
the	O
women	O
on	O
COCs	B-Chemical
,	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
per	O
10	O
000	O
women	O
years	O
among	O
women	O
on	O
levonorgestrel	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
COCs	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
per	O
10	O
000	O
women	O
years	O
among	O
the	O
women	O
on	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
the	O
absolute	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
among	O
Danish	O
women	O
on	O
COCs	B-Chemical
is	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
among	O
women	O
taking	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
developmental	O
toxicology	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
(	O
acetylsalicylic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
)	O
in	O
rats	O
using	O
selected	O
dosing	O
paradigms	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Analysis	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
for	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
(	O
NSAIDs	O
)	O
suggests	O
that	O
a	O
low	O
incidence	O
of	O
developmental	B-Disease
anomalies	I-Disease
occurs	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
NSAIDs	O
on	O
specific	O
days	O
during	O
organogenesis	O
.	O

Aspirin	B-Chemical
(	O
acetylsalicylic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
[	O
ASA	B-Chemical
]	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
irreversible	O
cyclooxygenase	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
induces	O
developmental	B-Disease
anomalies	I-Disease
when	O
administered	O
to	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
on	O
gestational	O
day	O
(	O
GD	O
)	O
9	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
or	O
11	O
(	O
Kimmel	O
CA	O
,	O
Wilson	O
JG	O
,	O
Schumacher	O
HJ	O
.	O
Teratology	O
4	O
:	O
15	O
-	O
24	O
,	O
1971	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
no	O
published	O
ASA	B-Chemical
studies	O
using	O
the	O
multiple	O
dosing	O
paradigm	O
of	O
GDs	O
6	O
to	O
17	O
.	O

Objectives	O
of	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
were	O
to	O
compare	O
results	O
between	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
(	O
SD	O
)	O
and	O
Wistar	O
strains	O
when	O
ASA	B-Chemical
is	O
administered	O
on	O
GD	O
9	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
or	O
11	O
;	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
malformation	O
patterns	O
following	O
single	O
and	O
multiple	O
dosings	O
during	O
organogenesis	O
in	O
SD	O
rats	O
;	O
and	O
to	O
test	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
maternal	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
confounds	O
the	O
detection	O
of	O
low	O
incidence	O
malformations	B-Disease
with	O
ASA	B-Chemical
when	O
a	O
multiple	O
dosing	O
paradigm	O
is	O
used	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
ASA	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
on	O
GD	O
9	O
(	O
0	O
,	O
250	O
,	O
500	O
,	O
or	O
625	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
10	O
(	O
0	O
,	O
500	O
,	O
625	O
,	O
or	O
750	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
11	O
(	O
0	O
,	O
500	O
,	O
750	O
,	O
or	O
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
from	O
GD	O
6	O
to	O
GD	O
17	O
(	O
0	O
,	O
50	O
,	O
125	O
,	O
or	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
a	O
day	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
multiple	O
dose	O
study	O
to	O
SD	O
rats	O
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
killed	O
on	O
GD	O
21	O
,	O
and	O
fetuses	O
were	O
examined	O
viscerally	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
literature	O
evaluation	O
suggested	O
that	O
NSAIDs	O
induce	O
ventricular	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
(	O
VSDs	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
midline	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
(	O
MDs	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
rats	O
and	O
diaphragmatic	B-Disease
hernia	I-Disease
(	O
DH	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
MDs	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
VSDs	B-Disease
in	O
rabbits	O
(	O
Cook	O
JC	O
et	O
al	O
.	O
,	O
2003	O
)	O
;	O
hence	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
focused	O
on	O
these	O
malformations	B-Disease
,	O
even	O
though	O
ASA	B-Chemical
induces	O
several	O
other	O
low	O
-	O
incidence	O
malformations	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
single	O
dose	O
studies	O
,	O
DH	B-Disease
,	O
MD	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
VSD	B-Disease
were	O
induced	O
on	O
GDs	O
9	O
and	O
10	O
.	O

VSD	B-Disease
also	O
was	O
noted	O
following	O
treatment	O
on	O
GD	O
11	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
DH	B-Disease
and	O
MD	B-Disease
were	O
noted	O
in	O
the	O
multiple	O
dose	O
study	O
design	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
,	O
and	O
VSD	B-Disease
was	O
noted	O
across	O
all	O
dose	O
groups	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
High	O
concordance	O
in	O
major	O
developmental	B-Disease
anomalies	I-Disease
between	O
Wistar	O
and	O
SD	O
rats	O
were	O
noted	O
with	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
VSD	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
SD	O
rats	O
and	O
hydrocephalus	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

Variations	O
and	O
malformations	B-Disease
were	O
similar	O
when	O
ASA	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
or	O
during	O
the	O
period	O
of	O
organogenesis	O
(	O
GDs	O
6	O
to	O
17	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
also	O
evident	O
that	O
,	O
by	O
titrating	O
the	O
dose	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
maximum	O
tolerated	O
dose	O
,	O
malformations	B-Disease
that	O
normally	O
occur	O
at	O
low	O
incidence	O
,	O
as	O
reported	O
from	O
previous	O
single	O
dose	O
studies	O
,	O
could	O
also	O
be	O
induced	O
with	O
ASA	B-Chemical
given	O
at	O
multiple	O
doses	O
.	O

Reversal	O
of	O
central	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
effects	O
by	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
after	O
intravenous	O
conscious	O
sedation	O
with	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
opioids	O
:	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
multicenter	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
Flumazenil	B-Chemical
in	O
Intravenous	O
Conscious	O
Sedation	O
with	O
Diazepam	B-Chemical
Multicenter	O
Study	O
Group	O
II	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
,	O
were	O
assessed	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
multicenter	O
study	O
.	O

Flumazenil	B-Chemical
(	O
mean	O
dose	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
76	O
mg	O
)	O
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
mean	O
dose	O
,	O
8	O
.	O
9	O
ml	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
intravenously	O
to	O
130	O
and	O
67	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
given	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
an	O
opioid	O
(	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
meperidine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
morphine	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
the	O
induction	O
and	O
maintenance	O
of	O
intravenous	O
conscious	O
sedation	O
for	O
diagnostic	O
or	O
therapeutic	O
surgical	O
procedures	O
.	O

The	O
group	O
assessable	O
for	O
efficacy	O
comprised	O
122	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
and	O
64	O
patients	O
given	O
placebo	O
.	O

After	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
80	O
/	O
115	O
(	O
70	O
%	O
)	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
21	O
/	O
63	O
(	O
33	O
%	O
)	O
placebo	O
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
,	O
were	O
completely	O
awake	O
and	O
alert	O
,	O
as	O
indicated	O
by	O
a	O
score	O
of	O
5	O
on	O
the	O
Observer	O
'	O
s	O
Assessment	O
of	O
Alertness	O
/	O
Sedation	O
Scale	O
.	O

Ninety	O
-	O
five	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
who	O
attained	O
a	O
score	O
of	O
5	O
at	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
minute	O
assessment	O
showed	O
no	O
loss	O
of	O
alertness	O
throughout	O
the	O
180	O
-	O
minute	O
assessment	O
period	O
.	O

Flumazenil	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
also	O
performed	O
significantly	O
better	O
on	O
the	O
Finger	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
Nose	O
Test	O
and	O
the	O
recall	O
of	O
pictures	O
shown	O
at	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
minute	O
assessment	O
.	O

Flumazenil	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
serious	O
adverse	O
effects	O
reported	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
nine	O
(	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
17	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
placebo	O
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
had	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
drug	O
-	O
related	O
adverse	O
experiences	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
group	O
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
injection	O
-	O
site	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
.	O

Flumazenil	B-Chemical
was	O
found	O
to	O
promptly	O
reverse	O
sedation	O
induced	O
by	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
opioids	O
.	O

Methylphenidate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
obsessive	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
compulsive	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
in	O
an	O
elderly	O
man	O
.	O

An	O
82	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
treatment	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
resistant	I-Disease
depression	I-Disease
and	O
early	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
was	O
started	O
on	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
.	O

Significant	O
obsessive	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
compulsive	I-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
ensued	O
but	O
diminished	O
over	O
several	O
weeks	O
when	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
was	O
replaced	O
by	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
no	O
prior	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
history	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
had	O
a	O
sister	O
with	O
obsessive	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
compulsive	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
appears	O
that	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
precipitated	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
pathological	O
behavior	O
.	O

Ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
and	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
several	O
side	O
effects	O
including	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
and	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
combination	O
of	O
both	O
side	O
effects	O
is	O
extremely	O
rare	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
report	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
and	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
improved	O
after	O
stopping	O
the	O
drug	O
and	O
initiation	O
of	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Unfortunately	O
,	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
was	O
irreversible	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Potential	O
deleterious	O
effect	O
of	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
in	O
radiocontrast	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
in	O
addition	O
to	O
intravenous	O
fluids	O
in	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
radiocontrast	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

18	O
patients	O
,	O
referred	O
to	O
a	O
radiocontrast	O
study	O
,	O
considered	O
at	O
risk	O
because	O
of	O
preexisting	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
,	O
were	O
enrolled	O
in	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
trial	O
,	O
performed	O
at	O
the	O
secondary	O
care	O
center	O
of	O
a	O
1	O
,	O
100	O
-	O
bed	O
private	O
university	O
hospital	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
fluids	O
,	O
the	O
treatment	O
group	O
received	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
(	O
mean	O
dose	O
110	O
mg	O
)	O
intravenously	O
30	O
min	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
contrast	O
material	O
.	O

The	O
control	O
group	O
received	O
fluids	O
(	O
mean	O
3	O
liters	O
)	O
.	O

Radiological	O
studies	O
were	O
mostly	O
angiographies	O
performed	O
with	O
both	O
ionic	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
ionic	O
contrast	O
material	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
average	O
dose	O
of	O
245	O
ml	O
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
function	I-Disease
significantly	I-Disease
deteriorated	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
group	O
pretreated	O
with	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
by	O
ANOVA	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
rise	O
in	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
from	O
145	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
to	O
182	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
mumol	O
/	O
l	O
at	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
while	O
no	O
change	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
from	O
141	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
to	O
142	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
mumol	O
/	O
l	O
)	O
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
.	O

Furosemide	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
deleterious	O
in	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
radiocontrast	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Progestational	O
agents	O
and	O
blood	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
.	O

VII	O
.	O

Thromboembolic	B-Disease
and	O
other	O
complications	O
of	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
relationship	O
to	O
pretreatment	O
levels	O
of	O
blood	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
factors	O
:	O
summary	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
ten	O
-	O
year	O
study	O
.	O

During	O
a	O
ten	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
,	O
348	O
women	O
were	O
studied	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
5	O
,	O
877	O
patient	O
months	O
in	O
four	O
separate	O
studies	O
relating	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
to	O
changes	O
in	O
hematologic	O
parameters	O
.	O

Significant	O
increases	O
in	O
certain	O
factors	O
of	O
the	O
blood	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
and	O
fibrinolysin	O
systems	O
(	O
factors	O
I	O
,	O
II	O
,	O
VII	O
,	O
VIII	O
,	O
IX	O
,	O
and	O
X	O
and	O
plasminogen	O
)	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
treated	O
groups	O
.	O

Severe	O
complications	O
developed	O
in	O
four	O
patients	O
.	O

All	O
four	O
had	O
an	O
abnormal	O
blood	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
profile	O
,	O
suggesting	O
"	O
hypercoagulability	B-Disease
"	O
before	O
initiation	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Some	O
of	O
these	O
findings	O
represented	O
the	O
most	O
extreme	O
abnormalities	O
seen	O
in	O
the	O
entire	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
;	O
some	O
increased	O
further	O
during	O
therapy	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
developed	O
a	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
before	O
receiving	O
any	O
medication	O
,	O
shortly	O
after	O
the	O
base	O
-	O
line	O
values	O
were	O
obtained	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
developed	O
retinopathy	B-Disease
19	O
months	O
after	O
she	O
began	O
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
another	O
developed	O
thrombophlebitis	B-Disease
after	O
27	O
months	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
fourth	O
patient	O
developed	O
thrombophlebitis	B-Disease
14	O
days	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
contraceptive	O
therapy	O
.	O

All	O
four	O
patients	O
were	O
of	O
the	O
A	O
or	O
AB	O
blood	O
group	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
suggested	O
the	O
possiblility	O
of	O
increased	O
propensity	O
for	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
episodes	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
possessing	O
the	O
A	O
antigen	O
.	O

It	O
appears	O
from	O
these	O
data	O
that	O
hematologic	O
work	O
-	O
ups	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
women	O
who	O
are	O
about	O
to	O
start	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
occurs	O
following	O
alpha	O
2	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
blockade	O
in	O
chronic	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
-	O
pretreated	O
conscious	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

1	O
.	O

Studies	O
were	O
performed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
whether	O
chronic	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
alters	O
the	O
alpha	O
2	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
function	O
for	O
orthostatic	O
control	O
of	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
in	O
conscious	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
(	O
SHR	O
)	O
.	O

2	O
.	O

Conscious	O
SHR	O
(	O
male	O
300	O
-	O
350	O
g	O
)	O
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
90	O
degrees	O
head	O
-	O
up	O
tilts	O
for	O
60	O
s	O
following	O
acute	O
administration	O
of	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
or	O
rauwolscine	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
was	O
determined	O
by	O
the	O
average	O
decrease	O
(	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
MAP	O
femoral	O
)	O
over	O
the	O
60	O
-	O
s	O
tilt	O
period	O
.	O

The	O
basal	O
MAP	O
of	O
conscious	O
SHR	O
was	O
reduced	O
to	O
a	O
similar	O
extent	O
by	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
23	O
%	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
26	O
%	O
MAP	O
)	O
and	O
rauwolscine	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
16	O
%	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
33	O
%	O
MAP	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
induced	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
SHR	O
treated	O
with	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
16	O
%	O
MAP	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
SHR	O
treated	O
with	O
rauwolscine	B-Chemical
(	O
less	O
than	O
+	O
2	O
%	O
MAP	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

3	O
.	O

Conscious	O
SHR	O
were	O
treated	O
for	O
4	O
days	O
with	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
at	O
2	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
day	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
for	O
chronic	O
alpha	O
1	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
blockade	O
.	O

MAP	O
in	O
conscious	O
SHR	O
after	O
chronic	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
was	O
14	O
%	O
lower	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
untreated	O
SHR	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

Head	O
-	O
up	O
tilts	O
in	O
these	O
rats	O
did	O
not	O
produce	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
when	O
performed	O
either	O
prior	O
to	O
or	O
after	O
acute	O
dosing	O
of	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
administration	O
of	O
rauwolscine	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
in	O
chronic	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
treated	O
SHR	O
decreased	O
the	O
basal	O
MAP	O
by	O
12	O
-	O
31	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
subsequent	O
tilts	O
induced	O
further	O
drops	O
of	O
MAP	O
by	O
19	O
-	O
23	O
%	O
in	O
these	O
rats	O
.	O

4	O
.	O

The	O
pressor	O
responses	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
to	O
the	O
alpha	O
1	O
-	O
agonist	O
cirazoline	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
and	O
2	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
alpha	O
2	O
-	O
agonist	O
Abbott	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
53693	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
and	O
3	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
were	O
determined	O
in	O
conscious	O
SHR	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
chronic	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
.	O

Both	O
the	O
pressor	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
cirazoline	B-Chemical
were	O
abolished	O
in	O
chronic	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
treated	O
SHR	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
untreated	O
SHR	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
the	O
pressor	O
effects	O
of	O
Abbott	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
53693	I-Chemical
were	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
of	O
SHR	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
accompanying	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
was	O
greater	O
in	O
SHR	O
with	O
chronic	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
than	O
without	O
such	O
treatment	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
that	O
accompanied	O
the	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
pressor	O
effect	O
in	O
SHR	O
was	O
similar	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
chronic	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
despite	O
a	O
47	O
-	O
71	O
%	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
pressor	O
effect	O
in	O
chronic	O
alpha	O
1	O
-	O
receptor	O
blocked	O
SHR	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
400	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Hemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
ingestion	O
of	O
quinine	B-Chemical
.	O

Hemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
following	O
quinine	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
is	O
a	O
newly	O
described	O
phenomenon	O
,	O
with	O
just	O
two	O
previous	O
descriptions	O
of	O
4	O
cases	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
5th	O
case	O
.	O

The	O
reaction	O
may	O
be	O
mediated	O
by	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
antibodies	O
reactive	O
against	O
platelets	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
quinine	B-Chemical
.	O

Treatment	O
has	O
included	O
use	O
of	O
plasma	O
exchange	O
,	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
,	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patients	O
have	O
all	O
regained	O
some	O
degree	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
unclear	O
whether	O
pharmacological	O
treatment	O
or	O
spontaneous	O
resolution	O
is	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
improvement	O
.	O

Quinine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
probably	O
occurs	O
more	O
often	O
than	O
is	O
recognized	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
recognize	O
this	O
reaction	O
when	O
it	O
occurs	O
and	O
to	O
avoid	O
further	O
quinine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
reaction	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
recurrent	O
.	O

Amnestic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

An	O
elderly	O
woman	O
developed	O
an	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
subacute	O
dementia	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Analysis	O
of	O
the	O
manifestations	O
showed	O
that	O
severe	O
impairment	O
of	O
memory	O
accounted	O
for	O
virtually	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
abnormalities	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
evidence	O
that	O
cerebral	O
reactions	O
to	O
drug	O
toxicity	B-Disease
can	O
exhibit	O
patterns	O
that	O
suggest	O
highly	O
selective	O
involvement	O
of	O
functional	O
subdivisions	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

Cefotetan	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
immune	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Immune	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
a	O
drug	O
-	O
adsorption	O
mechanism	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
primarily	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
penicillins	B-Chemical
and	O
first	O
-	O
generation	O
cephalosporins	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
anemia	B-Disease
while	O
receiving	O
intravenous	O
cefotetan	B-Chemical
.	O

Cefotetan	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
antibodies	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
serum	O
and	O
in	O
an	O
eluate	O
prepared	O
from	O
his	O
red	O
blood	O
cells	O
.	O

The	O
eluate	O
also	O
reacted	O
weakly	O
with	O
red	O
blood	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
cefotetan	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
concomitant	O
formation	O
of	O
warm	O
-	O
reactive	O
autoantibodies	O
.	O

These	O
observations	O
,	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
evidence	O
of	O
extravascular	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
,	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
,	O
possibly	O
involving	O
both	O
drug	O
-	O
adsorption	O
and	O
autoantibody	O
formation	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
emphasizes	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
increased	O
awareness	O
of	O
hemolytic	O
reactions	O
to	O
all	O
cephalosporins	B-Chemical
.	O

Use	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
with	O
mesna	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
Hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
(	O
HC	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
limiting	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
with	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
(	O
IFS	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
study	O
presented	O
here	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
mesna	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
IFS	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
HC	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
(	O
150	O
-	O
200	O
g	O
;	O
6	O
rats	O
per	O
group	O
)	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
saline	O
or	O
mesna	B-Chemical
5	O
min	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
before	O
and	O
2	O
and	O
6	O
h	O
after	O
(	O
v	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
administration	O
of	O
IFS	B-Chemical
.	O

One	O
,	O
two	O
or	O
three	O
doses	O
of	O
mesna	B-Chemical
were	O
replaced	O
with	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
with	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
plus	O
mesna	B-Chemical
.	O

Cystitis	B-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
its	O
induction	O
by	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
bladder	O
wet	O
weight	O
and	O
by	O
macroscopic	O
and	O
microscopic	O
analysis	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
replacement	O
of	O
the	O
last	O
dose	O
or	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
doses	O
of	O
mesna	B-Chemical
with	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
bladder	O
wet	O
weight	O
induced	O
by	O
IFS	B-Chemical
by	O
84	O
.	O
79	O
%	O
and	O
89	O
.	O
13	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
it	O
almost	O
abolished	O
the	O
macroscopic	O
and	O
microscopic	O
alterations	O
induced	O
by	O
IFS	B-Chemical
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
doses	O
of	O
mesna	B-Chemical
was	O
more	O
efficient	O
than	O
three	O
doses	O
of	O
mesna	B-Chemical
alone	O
when	O
evaluated	O
microscopically	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
mesna	B-Chemical
was	O
efficient	O
in	O
blocking	O
IFS	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
HC	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
replacement	O
of	O
last	O
two	O
doses	O
of	O
mesna	B-Chemical
with	O
saline	O
or	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
mesna	B-Chemical
doses	O
with	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
HC	B-Disease
.	O

All	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trans	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
retinoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
erythema	B-Disease
nodosum	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
promyelocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
.	O

Erythema	B-Disease
nodosum	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
all	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trans	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
retinoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
acute	B-Disease
promyelocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
(	O
APL	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
very	O
rare	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
four	O
patients	O
with	O
classic	O
APL	B-Disease
who	O
developed	O
erythema	B-Disease
nodosum	I-Disease
during	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Fever	B-Disease
and	O
subsequent	O
multiple	O
painful	B-Disease
erythematous	B-Disease
nodules	I-Disease
over	O
extremities	O
developed	O
on	O
D11	O
,	O
D16	O
,	O
D17	O
,	O
and	O
D19	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
after	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
skin	O
biopsy	O
taken	O
from	O
each	O
patient	O
was	O
consistent	O
with	O
erythema	B-Disease
nodosum	I-Disease
.	O

All	O
patients	O
received	O
short	O
course	O
of	O
steroids	B-Chemical
.	O

Fever	B-Disease
subsided	O
rapidly	O
and	O
the	O
skin	O
lesions	O
regressed	O
completely	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
achieved	O
complete	O
remission	O
without	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
.	O

ATRA	B-Chemical
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
most	O
possible	O
etiology	O
of	O
erythema	B-Disease
nodosum	I-Disease
in	O
our	O
patients	O
.	O

Short	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
steroid	B-Chemical
is	O
very	O
effective	O
in	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
erythema	B-Disease
nodosum	I-Disease
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
some	O
convulsants	O
on	O
the	O
protective	O
activity	O
of	O
loreclezole	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
combinations	O
with	O
valproate	B-Chemical
or	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
in	O
amygdala	O
-	O
kindled	O
rats	O
.	O

Loreclezole	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
exerted	O
a	O
significant	O
protective	O
action	O
in	O
amygdala	O
-	O
kindled	O
rats	O
,	O
reducing	O
both	O
seizure	B-Disease
and	O
afterdischarge	O
durations	O
.	O

The	O
combinations	O
of	O
loreclezole	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
with	O
valproate	B-Chemical
,	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
(	O
applied	O
at	O
their	O
subprotective	O
doses	O
)	O
also	O
exhibited	O
antiseizure	O
effect	O
in	O
this	O
test	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
only	O
two	O
first	O
combinations	O
occurred	O
to	O
be	O
of	O
pharmacodynamic	O
nature	O
.	O

Among	O
several	O
chemoconvulsants	O
,	O
bicuculline	B-Chemical
,	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
and	O
BAY	B-Chemical
k	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8644	I-Chemical
(	O
the	O
opener	O
of	O
L	O
-	O
type	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channels	O
)	O
reversed	O
the	O
protective	O
activity	O
of	O
loreclezole	B-Chemical
alone	O
and	O
its	O
combination	O
with	O
valproate	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
bicuculline	B-Chemical
,	O
aminophylline	B-Chemical
and	O
BAY	B-Chemical
k	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8644	I-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
anticonvulsive	O
action	O
of	O
loreclezole	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
results	O
support	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
protective	O
activity	O
of	O
loreclezole	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
combinations	O
with	O
other	O
antiepileptics	O
may	O
involve	O
potentiation	O
of	O
GABAergic	O
neurotransmission	O
and	O
blockade	O
of	O
L	O
-	O
type	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channels	O
.	O

Mitochondrial	O
DNA	O
and	O
its	O
respiratory	O
chain	O
products	O
are	O
defective	O
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
induces	O
a	O
self	O
-	O
perpetuating	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
characterized	O
by	O
early	O
glomerular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
late	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
onset	I-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
potential	O
role	O
of	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
these	O
lesions	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
week	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
)	O
for	O
7	O
weeks	O
and	O
were	O
sacrificed	O
either	O
1	O
week	O
(	O
'	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
'	O
)	O
or	O
30	O
weeks	O
(	O
'	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
'	O
)	O
following	O
the	O
last	O
dose	O
.	O

Additional	O
rats	O
received	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
either	O
6	O
days	O
or	O
2	O
h	O
prior	O
to	O
euthanasia	O
.	O

All	O
rats	O
were	O
killed	O
at	O
48	O
weeks	O
of	O
age	O
.	O

Glomerular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
was	O
monitored	O
and	O
correlated	O
to	O
the	O
activity	O
or	O
expression	O
of	O
respiratory	O
chain	O
components	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
we	O
quantified	O
both	O
nuclear	O
and	O
mitochondrial	O
DNA	O
(	O
mtDNA	O
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
production	O
and	O
the	O
4834	O
base	O
pair	O
'	O
common	O
'	O
mtDNA	O
deletion	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
'	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
'	O
group	O
had	O
significant	O
glomerular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
,	O
depressed	O
activities	O
of	O
mtDNA	O
-	O
encoded	O
NADH	O
dehydrogenase	O
and	O
cytochrome	O
-	O
c	O
oxidase	O
(	O
COX	O
)	O
and	O
increased	O
citrate	B-Chemical
synthase	O
activity	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
expression	O
of	O
the	O
mtDNA	O
-	O
encoded	O
COX	O
subunit	O
I	O
was	O
reduced	O
and	O
mtDNA	O
levels	O
were	O
decreased	O
.	O

In	O
'	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
'	O
rats	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
fewer	O
tubular	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
similar	O
numbers	O
of	O
glomerular	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
activity	O
.	O

Among	O
all	O
animals	O
,	O
glomerular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
were	O
inversely	O
correlated	O
with	O
mtDNA	O
levels	O
,	O
mtDNA	O
-	O
encoded	O
respiratory	O
chain	O
activities	O
and	O
with	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
the	O
mtDNA	O
-	O
encoded	O
respiratory	O
chain	O
subunit	O
COX	O
-	O
I	O
.	O

Injury	O
was	O
positively	O
correlated	O
with	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
production	O
and	O
the	O
activities	O
of	O
nucleus	O
-	O
encoded	O
mitochondrial	O
or	O
cytoplasmic	O
enzymes	O
.	O

Kidneys	O
from	O
the	O
'	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
'	O
group	O
showed	O
more	O
mtDNA	O
deletions	O
than	O
in	O
'	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
'	O
animals	O
and	O
these	O
were	O
not	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
groups	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
suggest	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
for	O
quantitative	O
and	O
qualitative	O
mtDNA	O
alterations	O
through	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
mtDNA	O
-	O
encoded	O
respiratory	O
chain	O
function	O
and	O
induction	O
of	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
randomized	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
crossover	O
study	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
for	O
SSRI	O
-	O
induced	O
female	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
and	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
agonist	O
previously	O
shown	O
to	O
enhance	O
genital	O
blood	O
flow	O
in	O
women	O
,	O
has	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
in	O
reversing	O
antidepressant	O
-	O
induced	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Nineteen	O
sexually	B-Disease
dysfunctional	I-Disease
women	O
receiving	O
either	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
,	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
participated	O
in	O
an	O
eight	O
-	O
week	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
cross	O
-	O
over	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
)	O
on	O
self	O
-	O
report	O
measures	O
of	O
sexual	O
desire	O
,	O
arousal	O
,	O
orgasm	O
,	O
and	O
sexual	O
satisfaction	O
.	O

Although	O
there	O
were	O
significant	O
improvements	O
relative	O
to	O
baseline	O
in	O
sexual	O
desire	O
and	O
orgasm	O
intensity	O
/	O
pleasure	O
on	O
50	O
mg	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
1	O
-	O
hr	O
prior	O
to	O
sexual	O
activity	O
,	O
significant	O
improvements	O
in	O
these	O
measures	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
sexual	O
arousal	O
and	O
orgasmic	O
ability	O
also	O
were	O
noted	O
with	O
placebo	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
highlight	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
conducting	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trials	O
for	O
this	O
condition	O
.	O

Does	O
hormone	O
therapy	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
have	O
a	O
detrimental	B-Disease
effect	I-Disease
on	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
cognition	I-Disease
?	O

A	O
pilot	O
study	O
.	O

This	O
pilot	O
study	O
examines	O
whether	O
hormone	O
therapy	O
for	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
affects	O
cognition	O
.	O

Patients	O
participating	O
in	O
a	O
randomised	O
trial	O
of	O
anastrozole	B-Chemical
,	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
combined	O
(	O
ATAC	O
)	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
94	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
women	O
without	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
35	O
)	O
completed	O
a	O
battery	O
of	O
neuropsychological	O
measures	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
impaired	O
on	O
a	O
processing	O
speed	O
task	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
032	O
)	O
and	O
on	O
a	O
measure	O
of	O
immediate	O
verbal	O
memory	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
026	O
)	O
after	O
controlling	O
for	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
hormone	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Patient	O
group	O
performance	O
was	O
not	O
significantly	O
related	O
to	O
length	O
of	O
treatment	O
or	O
measures	O
of	O
psychological	O
morbidity	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
showed	O
specific	O
impairments	O
in	O
processing	O
speed	O
and	O
verbal	O
memory	O
in	O
women	O
receiving	O
hormonal	O
therapy	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Verbal	O
memory	O
may	O
be	O
especially	O
sensitive	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
a	O
finding	O
commonly	O
reported	O
in	O
studies	O
of	O
hormone	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
in	O
healthy	O
women	O
.	O

In	O
view	O
of	O
the	O
increased	O
use	O
of	O
hormone	O
therapies	O
in	O
an	O
adjuvant	O
and	O
preventative	O
setting	O
their	O
impact	O
on	O
cognitive	O
functioning	O
should	O
be	O
investigated	O
more	O
thoroughly	O
.	O

Expression	O
of	O
p300	O
protects	O
cardiac	O
myocytes	O
from	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
anti	O
-	O
tumor	B-Disease
agent	O
that	O
represses	O
cardiac	O
-	O
specific	O
gene	O
expression	O
and	O
induces	O
myocardial	O
cell	O
apoptosis	O
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
depletes	O
cardiac	O
p300	O
,	O
a	O
transcriptional	O
coactivator	O
that	O
is	O
required	O
for	O
the	O
maintenance	O
of	O
the	O
differentiated	O
phenotype	O
of	O
cardiac	O
myocytes	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
p300	O
in	O
protection	O
against	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
apoptosis	O
is	O
unknown	O
.	O

Transgenic	O
mice	O
overexpressing	O
p300	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
and	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
mice	O
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
mice	O
,	O
transgenic	O
mice	O
exhibited	O
higher	O
survival	O
rate	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
more	O
preserved	O
left	O
ventricular	O
function	O
and	O
cardiac	O
expression	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
sarcomeric	O
actin	O
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
induced	O
myocardial	O
cell	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
mice	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
transgenic	O
mice	O
.	O

Expression	O
of	O
p300	O
increased	O
the	O
cardiac	O
level	O
of	O
bcl	O
-	O
2	O
and	O
mdm	O
-	O
2	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
that	O
of	O
p53	O
or	O
other	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
bcl	O
-	O
2	O
family	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
overexpression	O
of	O
p300	O
protects	O
cardiac	O
myocytes	O
from	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
apoptosis	O
and	O
reduces	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
acute	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
adult	O
mice	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Methimazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
jaundice	I-Disease
.	O

Methimazole	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
widely	O
used	O
and	O
generally	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
antithyroid	O
agent	O
.	O

A	O
43	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
had	O
severe	O
jaundice	B-Disease
and	O
itching	B-Disease
1	O
month	O
after	O
receiving	O
methimazole	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
tid	O
)	O
and	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
tid	O
)	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
continued	O
treatment	O
for	O
another	O
4	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
jaundice	B-Disease
until	O
she	O
finished	O
both	O
medications	O
.	O

When	O
seen	O
at	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
2	O
weeks	O
later	O
,	O
she	O
still	O
had	O
severe	O
icterus	B-Disease
,	O
pruritus	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hyperbilirubinemia	B-Disease
,	O
formed	O
mainly	O
of	O
the	O
conjugated	O
fraction	O
.	O

Methimazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	O
,	O
and	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
resumed	O
.	O

Over	O
the	O
following	O
9	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
symptoms	O
improved	O
and	O
plasma	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
normal	O
after	O
12	O
weeks	O
without	O
methimazole	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
rare	O
cases	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
few	O
weeks	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
this	O
drug	O
can	O
cause	O
severe	O
and	O
reversible	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
jaundice	I-Disease
.	O

Physicians	O
and	O
patients	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
adverse	O
effect	O
so	O
that	O
,	O
upon	O
occurrence	O
,	O
they	O
can	O
discontinue	O
methimazole	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
avoid	O
unnecessary	O
invasive	O
procedures	O
.	O

Atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
following	O
chemotherapy	O
for	O
stage	O
IIIE	O
diffuse	O
large	O
B	O
-	O
cell	O
gastric	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
myotonic	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
(	O
Steinert	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
describe	O
the	O
unusual	O
association	O
between	O
diffuse	O
B	O
-	O
cell	O
gastric	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
and	O
myotonic	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
form	O
of	O
adult	O
muscular	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
sudden	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
following	O
one	O
cycle	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
patient	O
.	O

Atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
or	O
other	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
are	O
unusual	O
complications	O
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
intrinsically	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
aggressive	O
chemotherapy	O
employed	O
could	O
function	O
as	O
a	O
triggering	O
factor	O
for	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
predisposed	O
myocardium	O
of	O
this	O
patient	O
.	O

Hypersensitivity	B-Disease
immune	O
reaction	O
as	O
a	O
mechanism	O
for	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
lymphocyte	O
reactivity	O
to	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
and	O
to	O
serum	O
containing	O
putative	O
ex	O
vivo	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
antigens	O
or	O
metabolites	O
in	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

PATIENT	O
:	O
A	O
58	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
a	O
clinical	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Peripheral	O
blood	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
collected	O
from	O
the	O
patient	O
were	O
cultured	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
solution	O
of	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
and	O
also	O
with	O
sera	O
collected	O
from	O
a	O
volunteer	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
intake	O
.	O

A	O
similar	O
protocol	O
was	O
performed	O
with	O
lymphocytes	O
from	O
a	O
healthy	O
subject	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
No	O
lymphocyte	O
proliferation	O
was	O
observed	O
either	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
or	O
in	O
the	O
healthy	O
volunteer	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
solutions	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
proliferative	O
response	O
to	O
serum	O
collected	O
after	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
intake	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
proliferative	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
serum	O
collected	O
before	O
the	O
drug	O
intake	O
.	O

No	O
reactivity	O
was	O
found	O
when	O
lymphocytes	O
from	O
the	O
healthy	O
subject	O
were	O
tested	O
under	O
similar	O
conditions	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
methodology	O
used	O
allowed	O
the	O
detection	O
of	O
lymphocyte	O
sensitization	O
to	O
sera	O
containing	O
ex	O
vivo	O
-	O
prepared	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
antigens	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
an	O
immunologic	O
mechanism	O
in	O
dilevalol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Increased	O
expression	O
and	O
apical	O
targeting	O
of	O
renal	O
ENaC	O
subunits	O
in	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
often	O
accompanied	O
by	O
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
and	O
generalized	O
edema	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
for	O
the	O
decreased	O
renal	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
remains	O
undefined	O
.	O

We	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
epithelial	O
Na	B-Chemical
channel	O
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
subunit	O
dysregulation	O
may	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
increased	O
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
.	O

An	O
experimental	O
group	O
of	O
rats	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
;	O
180	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
iv	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
received	O
only	O
vehicle	O
.	O

After	O
7	O
days	O
,	O
PAN	B-Chemical
treatment	O
induced	O
significant	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
hypoalbuminemia	B-Disease
,	O
decreased	O
urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
,	O
and	O
extensive	O
ascites	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
protein	O
abundance	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
ENaC	O
and	O
beta	O
-	O
ENaC	O
was	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
inner	O
stripe	O
of	O
the	O
outer	O
medulla	O
(	O
ISOM	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
inner	O
medulla	O
(	O
IM	O
)	O
but	O
was	O
not	O
altered	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
.	O

gamma	O
-	O
ENaC	O
abundance	O
was	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
,	O
ISOM	O
,	O
and	O
IM	O
.	O

Immunoperoxidase	O
brightfield	O
-	O
and	O
laser	O
-	O
scanning	O
confocal	O
fluorescence	O
microscopy	O
demonstrated	O
increased	O
targeting	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
ENaC	O
,	O
beta	O
-	O
ENaC	O
,	O
and	O
gamma	O
-	O
ENaC	O
subunits	O
to	O
the	O
apical	O
plasma	O
membrane	O
in	O
the	O
distal	O
convoluted	O
tubule	O
(	O
DCT2	O
)	O
,	O
connecting	O
tubule	O
,	O
and	O
cortical	O
and	O
medullary	O
collecting	O
duct	O
segments	O
.	O

Immunoelectron	O
microscopy	O
further	O
revealed	O
an	O
increased	O
labeling	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
ENaC	O
in	O
the	O
apical	O
plasma	O
membrane	O
of	O
cortical	O
collecting	O
duct	O
principal	O
cells	O
of	O
PAN	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
indicating	O
enhanced	O
apical	O
targeting	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
ENaC	O
subunits	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
protein	O
abundances	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
/	O
H	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
exchanger	O
type	O
3	O
(	O
NHE3	O
)	O
,	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
2Cl	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
)	O
cotransporter	O
(	O
BSC	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
thiazide	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
Cl	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
)	O
cotransporter	O
(	O
TSC	O
)	O
were	O
decreased	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
the	O
abundance	O
of	O
the	O
alpha	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
-	O
subunit	O
of	O
the	O
Na	B-Chemical
-	O
K	B-Chemical
-	O
ATPase	O
was	O
decreased	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
and	O
ISOM	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
IM	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
increased	O
or	O
sustained	O
expression	O
of	O
ENaC	O
subunits	O
combined	O
with	O
increased	O
apical	O
targeting	O
in	O
the	O
DCT2	O
,	O
connecting	O
tubule	O
,	O
and	O
collecting	O
duct	O
are	O
likely	O
to	O
play	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
associated	O
with	O
PAN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
decreased	O
abundance	O
of	O
NHE3	O
,	O
BSC	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
TSC	O
,	O
and	O
Na	B-Chemical
-	O
K	B-Chemical
-	O
ATPase	O
may	O
play	O
a	O
compensatory	O
role	O
to	O
promote	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
.	O

Pallidal	O
stimulation	O
:	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
pallidotomy	O
?	O

A	O
resurgence	O
of	O
interest	O
in	O
the	O
surgical	O
treatment	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
came	O
with	O
the	O
rediscovery	O
of	O
posteroventral	O
pallidotomy	O
by	O
Laitinen	O
in	O
1985	O
.	O

Laitinen	O
'	O
s	O
procedure	O
improved	O
most	O
symptoms	O
in	O
drug	O
-	O
resistant	O
PD	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
engendered	O
wide	O
interest	O
in	O
the	O
neurosurgical	O
community	O
.	O

Another	O
lesioning	O
procedure	O
,	O
ventrolateral	O
thalamotomy	O
,	O
has	O
become	O
a	O
powerful	O
alternative	O
to	O
stimulate	O
the	O
nucleus	O
ventralis	O
intermedius	O
,	O
producing	O
high	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
success	O
rates	O
and	O
low	O
morbidity	O
rates	O
.	O

Pallidal	O
stimulation	O
has	O
not	O
met	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
success	O
.	O

According	O
to	O
the	O
literature	O
pallidotomy	O
improves	O
the	O
"	O
on	O
"	O
symptoms	O
of	O
PD	B-Disease
,	O
such	O
as	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
off	O
"	O
symptoms	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
bradykinesia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
on	O
-	O
off	O
fluctuations	O
.	O

Pallidal	O
stimulation	O
improves	O
bradykinesia	B-Disease
and	O
rigidity	B-Disease
to	O
a	O
minor	O
extent	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
its	O
strength	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
improving	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

Stimulation	O
often	O
produces	O
an	O
improvement	O
in	O
the	O
hyper	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
dyskinetic	I-Disease
upper	O
limbs	O
,	O
but	O
increases	O
the	O
"	O
freezing	O
"	O
phenomenon	O
in	O
the	O
lower	O
limbs	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O

Considering	O
the	O
small	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
independence	O
,	O
the	O
high	O
costs	O
of	O
bilateral	O
implants	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
difficulty	O
most	O
patients	O
experience	O
in	O
handling	O
the	O
devices	O
,	O
the	O
question	O
arises	O
as	O
to	O
whether	O
bilateral	O
pallidal	O
stimulation	O
is	O
a	O
real	O
alternative	O
to	O
pallidotomy	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
the	O
cyclooxygenase	O
-	O
2	O
specific	O
inhibitor	O
valdecoxib	B-Chemical
versus	O
nonsteroidal	O
antiinflammatory	O
agents	O
and	O
placebo	O
on	O
cardiovascular	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
events	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
arthritis	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
have	O
been	O
concerns	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
cardiovascular	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
events	O
may	O
be	O
higher	O
with	O
cyclooxygenase	O
(	O
COX	O
)	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
specific	O
inhibitors	O
than	O
nonselective	O
nonsteroidal	O
antiinflammatory	O
drugs	O
(	O
NSAIDs	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
evaluated	O
cardiovascular	O
event	O
data	O
for	O
valdecoxib	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
new	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
specific	O
inhibitor	O
in	O
approximately	O
8000	O
patients	O
with	O
osteoarthritis	B-Disease
and	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
this	O
agent	O
in	O
randomized	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
cardiovascular	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
events	O
(	O
cardiac	O
,	O
cerebrovascular	O
and	O
peripheral	O
vascular	O
,	O
or	O
arterial	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
)	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
analyzing	O
pooled	O
valdecoxib	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
-	O
80	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
,	O
nonselective	O
NSAID	O
(	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
75	O
mg	O
bid	O
,	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
800	O
mg	O
tid	O
,	O
or	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
500	O
mg	O
bid	O
)	O
and	O
placebo	O
data	O
from	O
10	O
randomized	O
osteoarthritis	B-Disease
and	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
trials	O
that	O
were	O
6	O
-	O
52	O
weeks	O
in	O
duration	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
rates	O
of	O
events	O
were	O
determined	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
7934	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
users	O
of	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
(	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
325	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
1051	O
)	O
and	O
nonusers	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
6883	O
)	O
.	O

Crude	O
and	O
exposure	O
-	O
adjusted	O
incidences	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
events	O
were	O
similar	O
for	O
valdecoxib	B-Chemical
,	O
NSAIDs	O
,	O
and	O
placebo	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
serious	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
events	O
was	O
also	O
similar	O
for	O
each	O
valdecoxib	B-Chemical
dose	O
.	O

Thrombotic	B-Disease
risk	O
was	O
consistently	O
higher	O
for	O
users	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
users	O
than	O
nonusers	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
(	O
placebo	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
;	O
valdecoxib	B-Chemical
,	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
;	O
NSAIDs	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
rates	O
of	O
events	O
in	O
users	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
were	O
similar	O
for	O
all	O
3	O
treatment	O
groups	O
and	O
across	O
valdecoxib	B-Chemical
doses	O
.	O

Short	O
-	O
and	O
intermediate	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
therapeutic	O
(	O
10	O
or	O
20	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
and	O
supratherapeutic	O
(	O
40	O
or	O
80	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
valdecoxib	B-Chemical
doses	O
was	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
events	O
relative	O
to	O
nonselective	O
NSAIDs	O
or	O
placebo	O
in	O
osteoarthritis	B-Disease
and	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
patients	O
in	O
controlled	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

Hypersensitivity	B-Disease
myocarditis	B-Disease
complicating	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
heart	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
report	O
describes	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
eosinophilic	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
complicating	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
47	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
patient	O
,	O
known	O
to	O
have	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
,	O
was	O
admitted	O
with	O
biventricular	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
managed	O
aggressively	O
with	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
and	O
other	O
drugs	O
while	O
being	O
assessed	O
for	O
heart	O
transplantation	O
.	O

On	O
transthoracic	O
echocardiogram	O
,	O
she	O
had	O
moderate	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
with	O
regional	O
variability	O
and	O
moderate	O
mitral	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
recipient	O
'	O
s	O
heart	O
showed	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
apical	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
and	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
with	O
abundant	O
eosinophils	O
.	O

Myocarditis	B-Disease
is	O
rare	O
and	O
eosinophilic	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
is	O
rarer	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
the	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
(	O
eosinophilic	B-Disease
)	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
was	O
related	O
to	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
therapy	O
.	O

Eosinophilic	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
with	O
an	O
incidence	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
to	O
7	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
in	O
explanted	O
hearts	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
multidrug	O
therapy	O
.	O

Time	O
trends	O
in	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
annual	O
incidence	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
bleeding	B-Disease
at	O
Brigham	O
and	O
Women	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
increased	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
97	O
/	O
1	O
,	O
000	O
patient	O
admissions	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
period	O
(	O
January	O
1995	O
to	O
October	O
1998	O
)	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
19	O
/	O
1	O
,	O
000	O
patient	O
admissions	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
time	O
period	O
(	O
November	O
1998	O
to	O
August	O
2002	O
)	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
proportion	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
major	O
and	O
intracranial	B-Disease
bleeding	I-Disease
increased	O
from	O
20	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
period	O
,	O
to	O
33	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
and	O
7	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
.	O

Yohimbine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
of	O
sexual	B-Disease
side	I-Disease
effects	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
blockers	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Preclinical	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
facilitates	O
sexual	O
behavior	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
helpful	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
male	B-Disease
impotence	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
single	O
case	O
report	O
suggests	O
that	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
the	O
sexual	B-Disease
side	I-Disease
effects	I-Disease
of	O
clomipramine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
evaluated	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
treatment	O
for	O
the	O
sexual	B-Disease
side	I-Disease
effects	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
blockers	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Six	O
patients	O
with	O
either	O
obsessive	B-Disease
compulsive	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
,	O
trichotillomania	B-Disease
,	O
anxiety	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
affective	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
who	O
suffered	O
sexual	B-Disease
side	I-Disease
effects	I-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
blockers	O
were	O
given	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
on	O
a	O
p	O
.	O
r	O
.	O
n	O
.	O
basis	O
in	O
an	O
open	O
clinical	O
trial	O
.	O

Various	O
doses	O
of	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
were	O
used	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
ideal	O
dose	O
for	O
each	O
patient	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Five	O
of	O
the	O
six	O
patients	O
experienced	O
improved	O
sexual	O
functioning	O
after	O
taking	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
.	O

One	O
patient	O
who	O
failed	O
to	O
comply	O
with	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
therapeutic	O
effects	O
.	O

Side	O
effects	O
of	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
included	O
excessive	O
sweating	O
,	O
increased	O
anxiety	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
a	O
wound	O
-	O
up	O
feeling	O
in	O
some	O
patients	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
indicate	O
that	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
treatment	O
for	O
the	O
sexual	B-Disease
side	I-Disease
effects	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
blockers	O
.	O

Future	O
controlled	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
further	O
investigate	O
the	O
effectiveness	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
for	O
this	O
indication	O
.	O

Hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
complicating	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
potentially	O
serious	O
complication	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
administered	O
before	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
.	O

As	O
standard	O
practice	O
at	O
our	O
institution	O
,	O
patients	O
who	O
are	O
scheduled	O
to	O
receive	O
a	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplant	O
are	O
treated	O
prophylactically	O
with	O
forced	O
hydration	O
and	O
bladder	O
irrigation	O
.	O

In	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
obviate	O
the	O
inconvenience	O
of	O
bladder	O
irrigation	O
,	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
feasibility	O
trial	O
of	O
uroprophylaxis	O
with	O
mesna	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
neutralizes	O
the	O
hepatic	O
metabolite	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
that	O
causes	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

Of	O
97	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
standard	O
prophylaxis	O
,	O
4	O
had	O
symptomatic	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
two	O
of	O
four	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
mesna	B-Chemical
uroprophylaxis	O
before	O
allogeneic	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
had	O
severe	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
for	O
at	O
least	O
2	O
weeks	O
.	O

Because	O
of	O
this	O
suboptimal	O
result	O
,	O
we	O
resumed	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
bladder	O
irrigation	O
and	O
forced	O
hydration	O
to	O
minimize	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

Consensus	O
statement	O
concerning	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
occurring	O
during	O
haematopoietic	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplantation	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
special	O
reference	O
to	O
systemic	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
and	O
multiple	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
.	O

Autologous	O
haematopoietic	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplantation	O
is	O
now	O
a	O
feasible	O
and	O
effective	O
treatment	O
for	O
selected	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
.	O

Worldwide	O
,	O
over	O
650	O
patients	O
have	O
been	O
transplanted	O
in	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
phase	O
I	O
and	O
II	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
are	O
encouraging	O
enough	O
to	O
begin	O
randomised	O
phase	O
III	O
trials	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
as	O
predicted	O
,	O
significant	O
transplant	O
-	O
related	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
have	O
been	O
observed	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
primarily	O
due	O
to	O
complications	O
related	O
to	O
either	O
the	O
stage	O
of	O
the	O
disease	O
at	O
transplant	O
or	O
due	O
to	O
infections	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
deaths	O
related	O
to	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
is	O
low	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
caution	O
is	O
required	O
when	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
or	O
anthracyclines	B-Chemical
such	O
as	O
mitoxantrone	B-Chemical
are	O
used	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
possible	O
underlying	O
heart	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
systemic	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

In	O
November	O
2002	O
,	O
a	O
meeting	O
was	O
held	O
in	O
Florence	O
,	O
bringing	O
together	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
experts	O
in	O
various	O
fields	O
,	O
including	O
rheumatology	O
,	O
cardiology	O
,	O
neurology	O
,	O
pharmacology	O
and	O
transplantation	O
medicine	O
.	O

The	O
object	O
of	O
the	O
meeting	O
was	O
to	O
analyse	O
existing	O
data	O
,	O
both	O
published	O
or	O
available	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
European	O
Group	O
for	O
Blood	O
and	O
Marrow	O
Transplantation	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
database	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
a	O
safe	O
approach	O
to	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

A	O
full	O
cardiological	O
assessment	O
before	O
and	O
during	O
the	O
transplant	O
emerged	O
as	O
the	O
major	O
recommendation	O
.	O

Does	O
supplemental	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
increase	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
risk	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
?	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
acts	O
as	O
a	O
potent	O
antioxidant	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
a	O
prooxidant	O
and	O
glycate	O
protein	O
under	O
certain	O
circumstances	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

These	O
observations	O
led	O
us	O
to	O
hypothesize	O
that	O
a	O
high	O
intake	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
in	O
diabetic	B-Disease
persons	O
might	O
promote	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
relation	O
between	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
intake	O
and	O
mortality	O
from	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
We	O
studied	O
the	O
relation	O
between	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
intake	O
and	O
mortality	O
from	O
total	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
281	O
)	O
,	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
175	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
stroke	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
57	O
)	O
in	O
1923	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
who	O
reported	O
being	O
diabetic	B-Disease
at	O
baseline	O
.	O

Diet	O
was	O
assessed	O
with	O
a	O
food	O
-	O
frequency	O
questionnaire	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
and	O
subjects	O
initially	O
free	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
were	O
prospectively	O
followed	O
for	O
15	O
y	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
After	O
adjustment	O
for	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
risk	O
factors	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
diabetes	B-Disease
medication	O
used	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
diabetes	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
intakes	O
of	O
folate	B-Chemical
,	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carotene	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
adjusted	O
relative	O
risks	O
of	O
total	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
mortality	O
were	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
97	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
11	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
47	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
84	O
(	O
P	O
for	O
trend	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
across	O
quintiles	O
of	O
total	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
intake	O
from	O
food	O
and	O
supplements	O
.	O

Adjusted	O
relative	O
risks	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
were	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
81	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
99	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
26	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
91	O
(	O
P	O
for	O
trend	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
and	O
of	O
stroke	B-Disease
were	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
52	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
23	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
22	O
,	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
57	O
(	O
P	O
for	O
trend	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

When	O
dietary	O
and	O
supplemental	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
were	O
analyzed	O
separately	O
,	O
only	O
supplemental	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
showed	O
a	O
positive	O
association	O
with	O
mortality	O
endpoints	O
.	O

Vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
intake	O
was	O
unrelated	O
to	O
mortality	O
from	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
nondiabetic	O
subjects	O
at	O
baseline	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
A	O
high	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
intake	O
from	O
supplements	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
mortality	O
in	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
.	O

Optical	O
coherence	O
tomography	O
can	O
measure	O
axonal	O
loss	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
map	O
and	O
identify	O
the	O
pattern	O
,	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
of	O
axonal	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
in	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
using	O
optical	O
coherence	O
tomography	O
(	O
OCT	O
)	O
.	O

Ethambutol	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
antimycobacterial	O
agent	O
often	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
serious	O
complication	O
of	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
that	O
impairs	O
visual	O
acuity	O
,	O
contrast	O
sensitivity	O
,	O
and	O
color	O
vision	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
early	O
on	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
toxic	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
is	O
mild	O
and	O
partly	O
reversible	O
,	O
the	O
funduscopic	O
findings	O
are	O
often	O
subtle	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
miss	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Three	O
subjects	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
(	O
EMB	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
of	O
short	O
-	O
,	O
intermediate	O
-	O
,	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
visual	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
were	O
administered	O
a	O
full	O
neuro	O
-	O
ophthalmologic	O
examination	O
including	O
visual	O
acuity	O
,	O
color	O
vision	O
,	O
contrast	O
sensitivity	O
,	O
and	O
fundus	O
examination	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
OCT	O
(	O
OCT	O
3000	O
,	O
Humphrey	O
-	O
Zeiss	O
,	O
Dublin	O
,	O
CA	O
)	O
was	O
performed	O
on	O
both	O
eyes	O
of	O
each	O
subject	O
using	O
the	O
retinal	O
nerve	O
fiber	O
layer	O
(	O
RNFL	O
)	O
analysis	O
protocol	O
.	O

OCT	O
interpolates	O
data	O
from	O
100	O
points	O
around	O
the	O
optic	O
nerve	O
to	O
effectively	O
map	O
out	O
the	O
RNFL	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
calculated	O
average	O
RNFL	O
of	O
normal	O
eyes	O
accumulated	O
from	O
four	O
prior	O
studies	O
using	O
OCT	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
661	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
subjects	O
with	O
history	O
of	O
EMB	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
mean	O
loss	O
of	O
72	O
%	O
nerve	O
fiber	O
layer	O
thickness	O
in	O
the	O
temporal	O
quadrant	O
(	O
patient	O
A	O
,	O
with	O
eventual	O
recovery	O
of	O
visual	O
acuity	O
and	O
fields	O
,	O
58	O
%	O
loss	O
;	O
patient	O
B	O
,	O
with	O
intermediate	O
visual	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
,	O
68	O
%	O
loss	O
;	O
patient	O
C	O
,	O
with	O
chronic	O
visual	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
,	O
90	O
%	O
loss	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
average	O
mean	O
optic	O
nerve	O
thickness	O
of	O
26	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
microm	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
combined	O
mean	O
loss	O
of	O
46	O
%	O
of	O
fibers	O
from	O
the	O
superior	O
,	O
inferior	O
,	O
and	O
nasal	O
quadrants	O
in	O
the	O
(	O
six	O
)	O
eyes	O
of	O
all	O
three	O
subjects	O
(	O
mean	O
average	O
thickness	O
of	O
55	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
29	O
microm	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
both	O
sets	O
(	O
four	O
)	O
of	O
eyes	O
of	O
the	O
subjects	O
with	O
persistent	O
visual	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
(	O
patients	O
B	O
and	O
C	O
)	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
an	O
average	O
loss	O
of	O
79	O
%	O
of	O
nerve	O
fiber	O
thickness	O
in	O
the	O
temporal	O
quadrant	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
OCT	O
results	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
with	O
EMB	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
show	O
considerable	O
loss	O
especially	O
of	O
the	O
temporal	O
fibers	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
consistent	O
with	O
prior	O
histopathological	O
studies	O
that	O
show	O
predominant	O
loss	O
of	O
parvo	O
-	O
cellular	O
axons	O
(	O
or	O
small	O
-	O
caliber	O
axons	O
)	O
within	O
the	O
papillo	O
-	O
macular	O
bundle	O
in	O
toxic	O
or	O
hereditary	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathies	I-Disease
.	O

OCT	O
can	O
be	O
a	O
valuable	O
tool	O
in	O
the	O
quantitative	O
analysis	O
of	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathies	I-Disease
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
management	O
of	O
EMB	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
,	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
properly	O
manage	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
dosing	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
and	O
to	O
achieve	O
proper	O
transition	O
to	O
a	O
maintenance	O
dose	O
once	O
an	O
appropriate	O
loading	O
dose	O
has	O
been	O
reached	O
.	O

Hypoxia	B-Disease
in	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
with	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
glomerular	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
increasing	O
need	O
to	O
identify	O
and	O
quantify	O
tissue	O
oxygenation	O
at	O
the	O
cellular	O
level	O
,	O
relatively	O
few	O
methods	O
have	O
been	O
available	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
developed	O
a	O
new	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
-	O
responsive	O
reporter	O
vector	O
using	O
a	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
-	O
responsive	O
element	O
of	O
the	O
5	O
'	O
vascular	O
endothelial	O
growth	O
factor	O
untranslated	O
region	O
and	O
generated	O
a	O
novel	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
-	O
sensing	O
transgenic	O
rat	O
.	O

We	O
then	O
applied	O
this	O
animal	O
model	O
to	O
the	O
detection	O
of	O
tubulointerstitial	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
diseased	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
.	O

With	O
this	O
model	O
,	O
we	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
identify	O
diffuse	O
cortical	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
focal	O
and	O
segmental	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
remnant	O
kidney	O
model	O
.	O

Expression	O
of	O
the	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
-	O
responsive	O
transgene	O
increased	O
throughout	O
the	O
observation	O
period	O
,	O
reaching	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
fold	O
at	O
2	O
weeks	O
in	O
the	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
model	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
at	O
4	O
weeks	O
in	O
the	O
remnant	O
kidney	O
model	O
,	O
whereas	O
that	O
of	O
vascular	O
endothelial	O
growth	O
factor	O
showed	O
a	O
mild	O
decrease	O
,	O
reflecting	O
distinct	O
behaviors	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
genes	O
.	O

The	O
degree	O
of	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
showed	O
a	O
positive	O
correlation	O
with	O
microscopic	O
tubulointerstitial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
models	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
the	O
localization	O
of	O
proliferating	O
cell	O
nuclear	O
antigen	O
-	O
positive	O
,	O
ED	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
positive	O
,	O
and	O
terminal	O
dUTP	O
nick	O
-	O
end	O
labeled	O
-	O
positive	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
hypoxic	B-Disease
cortical	O
area	O
in	O
the	O
remnant	O
kidney	O
model	O
.	O

We	O
propose	O
here	O
a	O
possible	O
pathological	O
tie	O
between	O
chronic	O
tubulointerstitial	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
and	O
progressive	O
glomerular	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
.	O

Adequate	O
timing	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
reduction	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
during	O
combination	O
therapy	O
of	O
interferon	B-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
for	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
adverse	O
events	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
therapy	O
of	O
interferon	B-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
.	O

Because	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
,	O
dose	O
reduction	O
is	O
a	O
common	O
event	O
in	O
this	O
therapy	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
clinical	O
retrospective	O
cohort	O
study	O
we	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
suitable	O
timing	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
reduction	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
during	O
combination	O
therapy	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Thirty	O
-	O
seven	O
of	O
160	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
HCV	O
-	O
genotype	O
1b	O
,	O
had	O
high	O
virus	O
load	O
,	O
and	O
received	O
24	O
-	O
week	O
combination	O
therapy	O
developed	O
anemia	B-Disease
with	O
hemoglobin	O
level	O
<	O
10	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
or	O
anemia	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
signs	O
during	O
therapy	O
.	O

After	O
that	O
,	O
these	O
37	O
patients	O
were	O
reduced	O
one	O
tablet	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
)	O
per	O
day	O
.	O

After	O
reduction	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
,	O
27	O
of	O
37	O
patients	O
could	O
continue	O
combination	O
therapy	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
24	O
weeks	O
(	O
group	O
A	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
10	O
of	O
37	O
patients	O
with	O
reduction	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
could	O
not	O
continue	O
combination	O
therapy	O
because	O
their	O
<	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
hemoglobin	O
values	O
decreased	O
to	O
or	O
anemia	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
severe	O
side	O
effects	O
occurred	O
(	O
group	O
B	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
assessed	O
the	O
final	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
after	O
reduction	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
in	O
groups	O
A	O
and	O
B	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
sustained	O
virological	O
response	O
(	O
SVR	O
)	O
was	O
29	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
(	O
8	O
/	O
27	O
)	O
in	O
group	O
A	O
and	O
10	O
%	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
10	O
)	O
in	O
group	O
B	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

A	O
34	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
(	O
12	O
/	O
27	O
)	O
of	O
SVR	O
+	O
biological	O
response	O
in	O
group	O
A	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
10	O
%	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
10	O
)	O
in	O
group	O
B	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
051	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
slight	O
significance	O
.	O

With	O
respect	O
to	O
hemoglobin	O
level	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
reduction	O
,	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
continuation	O
of	O
therapy	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
10	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
hemoglobin	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
that	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
<	O
10	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
036	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Reduction	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
at	O
hemoglobin	O
level	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
10	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
is	O
suitable	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
efficacy	O
and	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Aging	O
process	O
of	O
epithelial	O
cells	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
prostate	O
lateral	O
lobe	O
in	O
experimental	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
,	O
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
HAL	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
age	O
related	O
morphology	O
and	O
function	O
changes	O
of	O
epithelial	O
cells	O
in	O
rat	O
prostate	O
lateral	O
lobe	O
.	O

The	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
on	O
sexually	O
mature	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Serum	O
concentrations	O
of	O
prolactin	O
(	O
PRL	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
(	O
T	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
measured	O
.	O

Tissue	O
sections	O
were	O
evaluated	O
with	O
light	O
and	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
reactions	O
for	O
Anti	O
-	O
Proliferating	O
Cell	O
Nuclear	O
Antigen	O
(	O
PCNA	O
)	O
were	O
performed	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
of	O
the	O
experimental	O
group	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
concentration	O
of	O
:	O
PRL	B-Chemical
was	O
more	O
than	O
twice	O
higher	O
,	O
whereas	O
T	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
almost	O
twice	O
lower	O
than	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

Light	O
microscopy	O
visualized	O
the	O
following	O
:	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
and	O
epithelium	O
hyperplasia	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
glandular	O
ducts	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
PCNA	O
expression	O
.	O

Electron	O
microscopy	O
revealed	O
changes	O
in	O
columnar	O
epithelial	O
cells	O
,	O
concerning	O
organelles	O
,	O
engaged	O
in	O
protein	O
synthesis	O
and	O
secretion	O
.	O

Relation	O
of	O
perfusion	O
defects	O
observed	O
with	O
myocardial	O
contrast	O
echocardiography	O
to	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
:	O
correlation	O
with	O
thallium	B-Chemical
-	O
201	O
single	O
-	O
photon	O
emission	O
tomography	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
previously	O
shown	O
that	O
myocardial	O
contrast	O
echocardiography	O
is	O
a	O
valuable	O
technique	O
for	O
delineating	O
regions	O
of	O
myocardial	O
underperfusion	O
secondary	O
to	O
coronary	B-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
and	O
to	O
critical	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenoses	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
hyperemic	B-Disease
stimulation	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
myocardial	O
contrast	O
echocardiography	O
performed	O
with	O
a	O
stable	O
solution	O
of	O
sonicated	O
albumin	O
could	O
detect	O
regions	O
of	O
myocardial	O
underperfusion	O
resulting	O
from	O
various	O
degrees	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
perfusion	O
defect	O
produced	O
in	O
16	O
open	O
chest	O
dogs	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
anatomic	O
area	O
at	O
risk	O
measured	O
by	O
the	O
postmortem	O
dual	O
-	O
perfusion	O
technique	O
and	O
with	O
thallium	B-Chemical
-	O
201	O
single	O
-	O
photon	O
emission	O
tomography	O
(	O
SPECT	O
)	O
.	O

During	O
a	O
transient	O
(	O
20	O
-	O
s	O
)	O
coronary	B-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
,	O
a	O
perfusion	O
defect	O
was	O
observed	O
with	O
contrast	O
echocardiography	O
in	O
14	O
of	O
the	O
15	O
dogs	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
occlusion	O
was	O
produced	O
.	O

The	O
perfusion	O
defect	O
correlated	O
significantly	O
with	O
the	O
anatomic	O
area	O
at	O
risk	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
74	O
;	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

During	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperemia	B-Disease
,	O
12	O
of	O
the	O
16	O
dogs	O
with	O
a	O
partial	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
had	O
a	O
visible	O
area	O
of	O
hypoperfusion	O
by	O
contrast	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

The	O
four	O
dogs	O
without	O
a	O
perfusion	O
defect	O
had	O
a	O
stenosis	O
that	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
mild	O
(	O
0	O
%	O
to	O
50	O
%	O
)	O
reduction	O
in	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
perfusion	O
defect	O
during	O
stenosis	O
correlated	O
significantly	O
with	O
the	O
anatomic	O
area	O
at	O
risk	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
61	O
;	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

Thallium	B-Chemical
-	O
201	O
SPECT	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
perfusion	O
defect	O
in	O
all	O
14	O
dogs	O
analyzed	O
during	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperemia	B-Disease
;	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
perfusion	O
defect	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
anatomic	O
area	O
at	O
risk	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
58	O
;	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
and	O
with	O
the	O
perfusion	O
defect	O
by	O
contrast	O
echocardiography	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
58	O
;	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
myocardial	O
contrast	O
echocardiography	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
visualize	O
and	O
quantitate	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
jeopardized	O
myocardium	O
during	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
degrees	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
results	O
obtained	O
show	O
a	O
correlation	O
with	O
the	O
anatomic	O
area	O
at	O
risk	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
obtained	O
with	O
thallium	B-Chemical
-	O
201	O
SPECT	O
.	O

The	O
activation	O
of	O
spinal	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
receptors	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
degeneration	O
of	O
spinal	O
motor	O
neurons	O
induced	O
by	O
neuraxial	O
morphine	B-Chemical
after	O
a	O
noninjurious	O
interval	O
of	O
spinal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
degeneration	O
of	O
spinal	O
motor	O
neurons	O
and	O
activation	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
d	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
receptors	O
after	O
neuraxial	O
morphine	B-Chemical
following	O
a	O
noninjurious	O
interval	O
of	O
aortic	B-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Spinal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
aortic	B-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
for	O
6	O
min	O
with	O
a	O
balloon	O
catheter	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
microdialysis	O
study	O
,	O
10	O
muL	O
of	O
saline	O
(	O
group	O
C	O
;	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
or	O
30	O
mug	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
group	O
M	O
;	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
intrathecally	O
(	O
IT	O
)	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
h	O
after	O
reflow	O
,	O
and	O
30	O
mug	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
group	O
SM	O
;	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
or	O
10	O
muL	O
of	O
saline	O
(	O
group	O
SC	O
;	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
IT	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
h	O
after	O
sham	O
operation	O
.	O

Microdialysis	O
samples	O
were	O
collected	O
preischemia	O
,	O
before	O
IT	O
injection	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
24	O
,	O
and	O
48	O
h	O
of	O
reperfusion	O
(	O
after	O
IT	O
injection	O
)	O
.	O

Second	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
IT	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
(	O
30	O
mug	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
histopathologic	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
spinal	O
cord	O
after	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
spastic	B-Disease
paraparesis	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
IT	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
(	O
CSF	O
)	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
increased	O
in	O
group	O
M	O
relative	O
to	O
both	O
baseline	O
and	O
group	O
C	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
increase	O
persisted	O
for	O
8	O
hrs	O
.	O

IT	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
dark	O
-	O
stained	O
alpha	O
-	O
motoneurons	O
after	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
spastic	B-Disease
paraparesis	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
the	O
saline	O
group	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
IT	O
morphine	B-Chemical
induces	O
spastic	B-Disease
paraparesis	I-Disease
with	O
a	O
concomitant	O
increase	O
in	O
CSF	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
activation	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
opioids	O
may	O
be	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
spinal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
via	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
activation	O
.	O

Acute	O
low	B-Disease
back	I-Disease
pain	I-Disease
during	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
represents	O
an	O
effective	O
antiarrhythmic	O
drug	O
for	O
cardioversion	O
of	O
recent	O
-	O
onset	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
(	O
AF	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
maintenance	O
of	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
.	O

We	O
briefly	O
describe	O
two	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
recent	O
-	O
onset	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
,	O
who	O
experienced	O
an	O
acute	O
devastating	O
low	B-Disease
back	I-Disease
pain	I-Disease
a	O
few	O
minutes	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
intravenous	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
loading	O
.	O

Notably	O
,	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
ever	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
medical	O
literature	O
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
reaction	O
since	O
prompt	O
termination	O
of	O
parenteral	O
administration	O
leads	O
to	O
complete	O
resolution	O
.	O

Quantitative	O
drug	O
levels	O
in	O
stimulant	O
psychosis	B-Disease
:	O
relationship	O
to	O
symptom	O
severity	O
,	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
and	O
hyperkinesia	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
examine	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
quantitative	O
stimulant	O
drug	O
levels	O
,	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
psychotic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
,	O
nineteen	O
patients	O
in	O
a	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
emergency	O
service	O
with	O
a	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
or	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
were	O
interviewed	O
,	O
and	O
plasma	O
and	O
urine	O
were	O
collected	O
for	O
quantitative	O
assays	O
of	O
stimulant	O
drug	O
and	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
metabolite	O
levels	O
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
or	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
related	O
to	O
several	O
psychopathology	O
scores	O
and	O
the	O
global	O
hyperkinesia	B-Disease
rating	O
.	O

HVA	O
levels	O
were	O
related	O
to	O
global	O
hyperkinesia	B-Disease
but	O
not	O
to	O
psychopathology	O
ratings	O
.	O

Although	O
many	O
other	O
factors	O
such	O
as	O
sensitization	O
may	O
play	O
a	O
role	O
,	O
intensity	O
of	O
stimulant	O
-	O
induced	O
psychotic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
and	O
stereotypies	B-Disease
appears	O
to	O
be	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
part	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
.	O

Pheochromocytoma	B-Disease
unmasked	O
by	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
and	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
the	O
unmasking	O
of	O
pheochromocytoma	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
and	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
42	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
white	O
man	O
developed	O
acute	O
hypertension	B-Disease
with	O
severe	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
2	O
hours	O
after	O
the	O
first	O
doses	O
of	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
and	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
.	O

Both	O
drugs	O
were	O
immediately	O
discontinued	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
recovered	O
after	O
subsequent	O
nicardipine	B-Chemical
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Abdominal	O
ultrasound	O
showed	O
an	O
adrenal	O
mass	O
,	O
and	O
postoperative	O
histologic	O
examination	O
confirmed	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
pheochromocytoma	B-Disease
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Drug	O
-	O
induced	O
symptoms	O
of	O
pheochromocytoma	B-Disease
are	O
often	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
substituted	O
benzamide	B-Chemical
drugs	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
is	O
unknown	O
.	O

In	O
our	O
case	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
Naranjo	O
probability	O
scale	O
indicated	O
a	O
possible	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
crisis	O
and	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
and	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
As	O
of	O
March	O
24	O
,	O
2005	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
of	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
crisis	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
pheochromocytoma	B-Disease
.	O

Physicians	O
and	O
other	O
healthcare	O
professionals	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
potential	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
and	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
.	O

Minor	O
neurological	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
cognitive	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
somatic	O
development	O
at	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
3	O
to	O
7	O
years	O
after	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
very	O
-	O
low	O
birth	O
-	O
weight	O
infants	O
.	O

The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
minor	O
neurological	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
cognitive	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
somatic	O
development	O
after	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
very	O
-	O
low	O
-	O
birthweight	O
infants	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
three	O
children	O
after	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
were	O
matched	O
to	O
33	O
children	O
without	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Data	O
were	O
assessed	O
at	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
3	O
-	O
7	O
years	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
was	O
started	O
between	O
the	O
7th	O
and	O
the	O
28th	O
day	O
of	O
life	O
over	O
7	O
days	O
with	O
a	O
total	O
dose	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
35	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
.	O

Exclusion	O
criteria	O
were	O
asphyxia	B-Disease
,	O
malformations	B-Disease
,	O
major	O
surgical	O
interventions	O
,	O
small	O
for	O
gestational	O
age	O
,	O
intraventricular	O
haemorrhage	B-Disease
grades	O
III	O
and	O
IV	O
,	O
periventricular	B-Disease
leukomalacia	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
severe	O
psychomotor	B-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
.	O

Each	O
child	O
was	O
examined	O
by	O
a	O
neuropediatrician	O
for	O
minor	O
neurological	B-Disease
dysfunctions	I-Disease
and	O
tested	O
by	O
a	O
psychologist	O
for	O
cognitive	O
development	O
with	O
a	O
Kaufman	O
Assessment	O
Battery	O
for	O
Children	O
and	O
a	O
Draw	O
-	O
a	O
-	O
Man	O
Test	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
differences	O
in	O
demographic	O
data	O
,	O
growth	O
,	O
and	O
socio	O
-	O
economic	O
status	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Fine	O
motor	O
skills	O
and	O
gross	O
motor	O
function	O
were	O
significantly	O
better	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
Draw	O
-	O
a	O
-	O
Man	O
Test	O
,	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
showed	O
better	O
results	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
differences	O
in	O
development	O
of	O
speech	O
,	O
social	O
development	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Kaufman	O
Assessment	O
Battery	O
for	O
Children	O
.	O

After	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
children	O
showed	O
a	O
higher	O
rate	O
of	O
minor	O
neurological	B-Disease
dysfunctions	I-Disease
.	O

Neurological	O
development	O
was	O
affected	O
even	O
without	O
neurological	O
diagnosis	O
.	O

Further	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
studies	O
will	O
be	O
necessary	O
to	O
fully	O
evaluate	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
neurological	O
and	O
cognitive	O
development	O
.	O

Valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
I	O
:	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
biomarkers	O
,	O
liver	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
metabolite	O
levels	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
VPA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
widely	O
used	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
,	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
as	O
recently	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
elevated	O
levels	O
of	O
15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
F	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2t	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
isoprostane	I-Chemical
(	O
15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
F	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2t	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
IsoP	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
whether	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
temporal	O
relationship	O
between	O
VPA	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
adult	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
ip	O
with	O
VPA	B-Chemical
(	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
saline	O
(	O
vehicle	O
)	O
once	O
daily	O
for	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
or	O
14	O
days	O
.	O

Oxidative	O
stress	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
determining	O
plasma	O
and	O
liver	O
levels	O
of	O
15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
F	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2t	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
IsoP	I-Chemical
,	O
lipid	B-Chemical
hydroperoxides	I-Chemical
(	O
LPO	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
thiobarbituric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
reactive	I-Chemical
substances	I-Chemical
(	O
TBARs	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Plasma	O
and	O
liver	O
15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
F	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2t	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
IsoP	I-Chemical
were	O
elevated	O
and	O
reached	O
a	O
plateau	O
after	O
day	O
2	O
of	O
VPA	B-Chemical
treatment	O
compared	O
to	O
control	O
.	O

Liver	O
LPO	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
not	O
elevated	O
until	O
day	O
7	O
of	O
treatment	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
fold	O
versus	O
control	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Liver	O
and	O
plasma	O
TBARs	B-Chemical
were	O
not	O
increased	O
until	O
14	O
days	O
(	O
2	O
-	O
fold	O
vs	O
.	O
control	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Liver	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
based	O
on	O
serum	O
levels	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
S	O
-	O
transferase	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
GST	O
)	O
and	O
by	O
histology	O
.	O

Serum	O
alpha	O
-	O
GST	O
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
by	O
day	O
4	O
,	O
which	O
corresponded	O
to	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
as	O
shown	O
by	O
the	O
increasing	O
incidence	O
of	O
inflammation	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
liver	O
capsule	O
,	O
necrosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
steatosis	B-Disease
throughout	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
liver	O
levels	O
of	O
beta	O
-	O
oxidation	O
metabolites	O
of	O
VPA	B-Chemical
were	O
decreased	O
by	O
day	O
14	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ene	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
VPA	I-Chemical
and	O
(	O
E	O
)	O
-	O
2	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diene	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
VPA	I-Chemical
were	O
not	O
elevated	O
throughout	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
these	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
VPA	B-Chemical
treatment	O
results	O
in	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
,	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
levels	O
of	O
15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
F	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2t	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
IsoP	I-Chemical
,	O
which	O
precedes	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
necrosis	B-Disease
,	O
steatosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
elevated	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
alpha	O
-	O
GST	O
.	O

Assessment	O
of	O
perinatal	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
and	O
rubella	B-Disease
prevention	O
in	O
New	O
Hampshire	O
delivery	O
hospitals	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
current	O
performance	O
on	O
recommended	O
perinatal	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
and	O
rubella	B-Disease
prevention	O
practices	O
in	O
New	O
Hampshire	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Data	O
were	O
extracted	O
from	O
2021	O
paired	O
mother	O
-	O
infant	O
records	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
2000	O
birth	O
cohort	O
in	O
New	O
Hampshire	O
'	O
s	O
25	O
delivery	O
hospitals	O
.	O

Assessment	O
was	O
done	O
on	O
the	O
following	O
:	O
prenatal	O
screening	O
for	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
and	O
rubella	B-Disease
,	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
vaccine	O
birth	O
dose	O
to	O
all	O
infants	O
,	O
administration	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
immune	O
globulin	O
to	O
infants	O
who	O
were	O
born	O
to	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
-	O
positive	O
mothers	O
,	O
rubella	B-Disease
immunity	O
,	O
and	O
administration	O
of	O
in	O
-	O
hospital	O
postpartum	O
rubella	B-Disease
vaccine	O
to	O
rubella	B-Disease
nonimmune	O
women	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Prenatal	O
screening	O
rates	O
for	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
(	O
98	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
rubella	B-Disease
(	O
99	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
high	O
.	O

Hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
vaccine	O
birth	O
dose	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
76	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
infants	O
.	O

All	O
infants	O
who	O
were	O
born	O
to	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
-	O
positive	O
mothers	O
also	O
received	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
immune	O
globulin	O
.	O

Multivariate	O
logistic	O
regression	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
month	O
of	O
delivery	O
and	O
infant	O
birth	O
weight	O
were	O
independent	O
predictors	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
vaccination	O
.	O

The	O
proportion	O
of	O
infants	O
who	O
were	O
vaccinated	O
in	O
January	O
and	O
February	O
2000	O
(	O
48	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
and	O
67	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
was	O
less	O
than	O
any	O
other	O
months	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
proportion	O
who	O
were	O
vaccinated	O
in	O
December	O
2000	O
(	O
88	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
was	O
the	O
highest	O
.	O

Women	O
who	O
were	O
born	O
between	O
1971	O
and	O
1975	O
had	O
the	O
highest	O
rate	O
of	O
rubella	B-Disease
nonimmunity	O
(	O
9	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
-	O
hospital	O
postpartum	O
rubella	B-Disease
vaccine	O
administration	O
was	O
documented	O
for	O
75	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
of	O
nonimmune	O
women	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
documents	O
good	O
compliance	O
in	O
New	O
Hampshire	O
'	O
s	O
birthing	O
hospitals	O
with	O
national	O
guidelines	O
for	O
perinatal	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
and	O
rubella	B-Disease
prevention	O
and	O
highlights	O
potential	O
areas	O
for	O
improvement	O
.	O

Succinylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
masseter	B-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
during	O
bronchoscopic	O
removal	O
of	O
a	O
tracheal	O
foreign	O
body	O
.	O

Masseter	B-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
during	O
general	O
anesthesia	O
is	O
considered	O
an	O
early	O
warning	O
sign	O
of	O
a	O
possible	O
episode	O
of	O
malignant	B-Disease
hyperthermia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
decision	O
whether	O
to	O
continue	O
or	O
discontinue	O
the	O
procedure	O
depends	O
on	O
the	O
urgency	O
of	O
the	O
surgery	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
masseter	B-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
severe	O
masseter	B-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
(	O
jaw	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
steel	I-Disease
)	O
after	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
Sch	B-Chemical
)	O
administration	O
during	O
general	O
anesthetic	O
management	O
for	O
rigid	O
bronchoscopic	O
removal	O
of	O
a	O
tracheal	O
foreign	O
body	O
.	O

Anesthesia	O
was	O
continued	O
uneventfully	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
infusion	O
while	O
all	O
facilities	O
were	O
available	O
to	O
detect	O
and	O
treat	O
malignant	B-Disease
hyperthermia	I-Disease
.	O

Dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
protects	O
against	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
from	O
the	O
DNA	O
cleavage	O
-	O
enhancing	O
drugs	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
and	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
anthracyclines	B-Chemical
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
epipodophyllotoxin	B-Chemical
etoposide	B-Chemical
are	O
potent	O
DNA	O
cleavage	O
-	O
enhancing	O
drugs	O
that	O
are	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
clinical	O
oncology	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
and	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
limit	O
their	O
use	O
.	O

Dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
(	O
ICRF	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
187	I-Chemical
)	O
is	O
recommended	O
for	O
protection	O
against	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

EXPERIMENTAL	O
DESIGN	O
:	O
Because	O
of	O
their	O
widespread	O
use	O
,	O
the	O
hematologic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
following	O
coadministration	O
of	O
dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
and	O
these	O
three	O
structurally	O
different	O
DNA	O
cleavage	O
enhancers	O
was	O
investigated	O
:	O
Sensitivity	O
of	O
human	O
and	O
murine	O
blood	O
progenitor	O
cells	O
to	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
,	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
+	O
/	O
-	O
dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
was	O
determined	O
in	O
granulocyte	O
-	O
macrophage	O
colony	O
forming	O
assays	O
.	O

Likewise	O
,	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
B6D2F1	O
mice	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
,	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
,	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
over	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
doses	O
:	O
posttreatment	O
,	O
a	O
full	O
hematologic	O
evaluation	O
was	O
done	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Nontoxic	O
doses	O
of	O
dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
reduced	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
and	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
from	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
and	O
antagonized	O
their	O
antiproliferative	O
effects	O
in	O
the	O
colony	O
assay	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
neither	O
reduced	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
,	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
nor	O
the	O
in	O
vitro	O
cytotoxicity	B-Disease
from	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Although	O
our	O
findings	O
support	O
the	O
observation	O
that	O
dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
reduces	O
neither	O
hematologic	O
activity	O
nor	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
from	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
clinically	O
,	O
the	O
potent	O
antagonism	O
of	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
activity	O
raises	O
concern	O
;	O
a	O
possible	O
interference	O
with	O
anticancer	O
efficacy	O
certainly	O
would	O
call	O
for	O
renewed	O
attention	O
.	O

Our	O
data	O
also	O
suggest	O
that	O
significant	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
dose	O
escalation	O
is	O
perhaps	O
possible	O
by	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
.	O

Clinical	O
trials	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
brain	O
metastases	B-Disease
combining	O
dexrazoxane	B-Chemical
and	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
is	O
ongoing	O
with	O
the	O
aim	O
of	O
improving	O
efficacy	O
without	O
aggravating	O
hematologic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

If	O
successful	O
,	O
this	O
represents	O
an	O
exciting	O
mechanism	O
for	O
pharmacologic	O
regulation	O
of	O
side	O
effects	O
from	O
cytotoxic	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Assessment	O
of	O
the	O
onset	O
and	O
persistence	O
of	O
amnesia	B-Disease
during	O
procedural	O
sedation	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
patients	O
'	O
ability	O
to	O
repeat	O
and	O
recall	O
words	O
presented	O
to	O
them	O
while	O
undergoing	O
procedural	O
sedation	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
correlate	O
their	O
recall	O
with	O
their	O
level	O
of	O
awareness	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
bispectral	O
index	O
(	O
BIS	O
)	O
monitoring	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
was	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
single	O
-	O
intervention	O
study	O
of	O
consenting	O
adult	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
procedural	O
sedation	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
between	O
December	O
28	O
,	O
2002	O
,	O
and	O
October	O
31	O
,	O
2003	O
.	O

BIS	O
monitoring	O
was	O
initiated	O
starting	O
3	O
minutes	O
before	O
the	O
procedure	O
and	O
continuing	O
until	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
regained	O
baseline	O
mental	O
status	O
.	O

At	O
1	O
-	O
minute	O
intervals	O
during	O
the	O
procedural	O
sedation	O
,	O
until	O
the	O
patient	O
regained	O
baseline	O
mental	O
status	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
procedure	O
,	O
a	O
word	O
from	O
a	O
standardized	O
list	O
was	O
read	O
aloud	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
asked	O
to	O
immediately	O
repeat	O
the	O
word	O
to	O
the	O
investigator	O
.	O

The	O
BIS	O
score	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
the	O
word	O
was	O
read	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
ability	O
to	O
repeat	O
the	O
word	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
procedure	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
asked	O
to	O
state	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
words	O
from	O
the	O
list	O
that	O
he	O
or	O
she	O
could	O
recall	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
last	O
word	O
recalled	O
from	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
procedure	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
word	O
recalled	O
from	O
after	O
the	O
procedure	O
was	O
completed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Seventy	O
-	O
five	O
consenting	O
patients	O
were	O
enrolled	O
;	O
one	O
patient	O
was	O
excluded	O
from	O
data	O
analysis	O
for	O
a	O
protocol	O
violation	O
.	O

No	O
serious	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
noted	O
during	O
the	O
procedural	O
sedations	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
standard	O
deviation	O
)	O
time	O
of	O
data	O
collection	O
was	O
16	O
.	O
4	O
minutes	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
range	O
5	O
to	O
34	O
minutes	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
initial	O
(	O
preprocedure	O
)	O
BIS	O
score	O
was	O
97	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
;	O
range	O
92	O
to	O
99	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
lowest	O
BIS	O
score	O
occurring	O
during	O
these	O
procedural	O
sedations	O
was	O
66	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
14	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
range	O
33	O
to	O
91	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
lowest	O
BIS	O
score	O
corresponding	O
to	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
to	O
immediately	O
repeat	O
words	O
read	O
from	O
the	O
list	O
was	O
77	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
74	O
.	O
3	O
to	O
80	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
highest	O
BIS	O
score	O
corresponding	O
to	O
the	O
inability	B-Disease
to	I-Disease
repeat	I-Disease
words	I-Disease
was	O
81	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
78	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
84	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
BIS	O
score	O
corresponding	O
to	O
the	O
last	O
word	O
recalled	O
from	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
the	O
sedation	O
was	O
96	O
.	O
7	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
range	O
84	O
to	O
98	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
BIS	O
score	O
corresponding	O
to	O
the	O
first	O
word	O
recalled	O
after	O
the	O
procedure	O
was	O
completed	O
was	O
91	O
.	O
2	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
88	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
94	O
.	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
recalled	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
word	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
read	O
to	O
them	O
during	O
the	O
protocol	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
lowest	O
BIS	O
score	O
for	O
any	O
recalled	O
word	O
was	O
91	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
range	O
79	O
to	O
98	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
words	O
were	O
recalled	O
when	O
the	O
corresponding	O
BIS	O
score	O
was	O
less	O
than	O
90	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
There	O
is	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
BIS	O
scores	O
during	O
which	O
sedated	O
patients	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
repeat	O
words	O
read	O
to	O
them	O
but	O
are	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
subsequently	O
recall	O
these	O
words	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
patients	O
had	O
no	O
recall	O
of	O
words	O
repeated	O
prior	O
to	O
procedural	O
sedation	O
in	O
BIS	O
ranges	O
associated	O
with	O
recall	O
after	O
procedural	O
sedation	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
retrograde	B-Disease
amnesia	I-Disease
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
pulmonary	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
effective	O
antiarrhythmic	O
agent	O
whose	O
utility	O
is	O
limited	O
by	O
many	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
problematic	O
being	O
pneumonitis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
is	O
thought	O
to	O
result	O
from	O
direct	O
injury	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
intracellular	O
accumulation	O
of	O
phospholipid	O
and	O
T	O
cell	O
-	O
mediated	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
pneumonitis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
and	O
radiographic	O
features	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
are	O
characteristic	O
but	O
nonspecific	O
.	O

The	O
diagnosis	O
depends	O
on	O
exclusion	O
of	O
other	O
entities	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
infection	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
malignancy	B-Disease
.	O

While	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
leads	O
to	O
clinical	O
improvement	O
in	O
majority	O
of	O
cases	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
always	O
possible	O
or	O
advisable	O
.	O

Dose	O
reduction	O
or	O
concomitant	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
selected	O
patients	O
.	O

Two	O
prodrugs	O
of	O
potent	O
and	O
selective	O
GluR5	O
kainate	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonists	O
actives	O
in	O
three	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Amino	O
acids	O
5	O
and	O
7	O
,	O
two	O
potent	O
and	O
selective	O
competitive	O
GluR5	O
KA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonists	O
,	O
exhibited	O
high	O
GluR5	O
receptor	O
affinity	O
over	O
other	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
receptors	O
.	O

Their	O
ester	O
prodrugs	O
6	O
and	O
8	O
were	O
orally	O
active	O
in	O
three	O
models	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
:	O
reversal	O
of	O
formalin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
paw	O
licking	O
,	O
carrageenan	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thermal	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mechanical	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
.	O

Possible	O
azithromycin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hiccups	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
persistent	O
hiccups	B-Disease
associated	O
by	O
azithromycin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
76	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
presented	O
with	O
persistent	O
hiccups	B-Disease
after	O
beginning	O
azithromycin	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
pharyngitis	B-Disease
.	O

Hiccups	B-Disease
were	O
persistent	O
and	O
exhausting	O
.	O

Discontinuation	O
of	O
azithromycin	B-Chemical
and	O
therapy	O
with	O
baclofen	B-Chemical
finally	O
resolved	O
hiccups	B-Disease
.	O

No	O
organic	O
cause	O
of	O
hiccups	B-Disease
was	O
identified	O
despite	O
extensive	O
investigation	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Pharmacotherapeutic	O
agents	O
have	O
been	O
uncommonly	O
associated	O
with	O
hiccups	B-Disease
.	O

Corticosteroids	O
(	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
and	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
(	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
general	O
anaesthesia	O
have	O
been	O
the	O
specific	O
agents	O
mentioned	O
most	O
frequently	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
as	O
being	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hiccups	B-Disease
.	O

Few	O
cases	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hiccups	B-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
related	O
to	O
macrolide	B-Chemical
antimicrobials	O
.	O

Using	O
the	O
Naranjo	O
adverse	O
effect	O
reaction	O
probability	O
scale	O
this	O
event	O
could	O
be	O
classified	O
as	O
possible	O
(	O
score	O
5	O
points	O
)	O
,	O
mostly	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
close	O
temporal	O
sequence	O
,	O
previous	O
reports	O
on	O
this	O
reaction	O
with	O
other	O
macrolides	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
any	O
alternative	O
explanation	O
for	O
hiccups	B-Disease
.	O

Our	O
hypothesis	O
is	O
that	O
a	O
vagal	O
mechanism	O
mediated	O
by	O
azithromycin	B-Chemical
could	O
be	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
hiccups	B-Disease
in	O
our	O
patient	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Diagnosis	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hiccups	B-Disease
is	O
difficult	O
and	O
often	O
achieved	O
only	O
by	O
a	O
process	O
of	O
elimination	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
macrolide	B-Chemical
antimicrobials	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
hiccups	B-Disease
and	O
vagal	O
mechanism	O
could	O
explain	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
this	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
.	O

Calcium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
:	O
the	O
updated	O
milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
;	O
report	O
of	O
3	O
cases	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
3	O
patients	O
with	O
calcium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
and	O
gain	O
insights	O
into	O
the	O
cause	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
the	O
milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
report	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
data	O
in	O
3	O
patients	O
who	O
presented	O
with	O
severe	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
(	O
corrected	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
>	O
or	O
=	O
14	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
and	O
review	O
the	O
pertinent	O
literature	O
on	O
milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
3	O
patients	O
had	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
,	O
relative	O
metabolic	B-Disease
alkalosis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
low	O
parathyroid	O
hormone	O
(	O
PTH	O
)	O
,	O
PTH	O
-	O
related	O
peptide	O
,	O
and	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
25	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxyvitamin	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
concentrations	O
.	O

No	O
malignant	O
lesion	O
was	O
found	O
.	O

Treatment	O
included	O
aggressive	O
hydration	O
and	O
varied	O
amounts	O
of	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
2	O
patients	O
with	O
the	O
higher	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
received	O
pamidronate	B-Chemical
intravenously	O
(	O
60	O
and	O
30	O
mg	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
caused	O
severe	O
hypocalcemia	B-Disease
.	O

Of	O
the	O
3	O
patients	O
,	O
2	O
were	O
ingesting	O
acceptable	O
doses	O
of	O
elemental	O
calcium	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
g	O
and	O
2	O
g	O
daily	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
our	O
highlighted	O
cases	O
,	O
we	O
review	O
the	O
history	O
,	O
classification	O
,	O
pathophysiologic	O
features	O
,	O
and	O
treatment	O
of	O
milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
summarize	O
the	O
cases	O
reported	O
from	O
early	O
1995	O
to	O
November	O
2003	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
a	O
common	O
cause	O
of	O
unexplained	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
and	O
can	O
be	O
precipitated	O
by	O
small	O
amounts	O
of	O
orally	O
ingested	O
calcium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
in	O
susceptible	O
persons	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
hydration	O
,	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
calcium	B-Chemical
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
source	O
is	O
adequate	O
.	O

Pamidronate	B-Chemical
treatment	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
considerable	O
risk	O
for	O
hypocalcemia	B-Disease
,	O
even	O
in	O
cases	O
of	O
initially	O
severe	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
.	O

Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
leukocytoclastic	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
.	O

Skin	O
reactions	O
associated	O
with	O
oral	O
coumarin	B-Chemical
-	O
derived	O
anticoagulants	O
are	O
an	O
uncommon	O
occurrence	O
.	O

Leukocytoclastic	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
(	O
LV	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
primarily	O
a	O
cutaneous	B-Disease
small	I-Disease
vessel	I-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
,	O
though	O
systemic	O
involvement	O
may	O
be	O
encountered	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
4	O
patients	O
with	O
late	O
-	O
onset	O
LV	B-Disease
probably	O
due	O
to	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
.	O

All	O
4	O
patients	O
presented	O
with	O
skin	B-Disease
eruptions	I-Disease
that	O
developed	O
after	O
receiving	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
for	O
several	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
skin	B-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
biopsies	O
were	O
available	O
in	O
3	O
patients	O
,	O
confirming	O
LV	B-Disease
Cutaneous	I-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
resolved	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
after	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
.	O

In	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
4	O
patients	O
,	O
rechallenge	O
with	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
led	O
to	O
recurrence	O
of	O
the	O
lesions	O
.	O

LV	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
a	O
late	O
-	O
onset	O
adverse	O
reaction	O
associated	O
with	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
brainstem	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
behavior	O
.	O

A	O
variety	O
of	O
abnormal	O
sensory	O
/	O
motor	O
behaviors	O
associated	O
with	O
electrical	O
discharges	O
recorded	O
from	O
the	O
bilateral	O
brainstem	O
were	O
induced	O
in	O
adult	O
WKY	O
rats	O
by	O
mechanical	O
(	O
electrode	O
implants	O
)	O
and	O
DC	O
electrical	O
current	O
stimulations	O
and	O
by	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
administration	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
electrode	O
implant	O
implicated	O
one	O
side	O
or	O
the	O
other	O
of	O
the	O
reticular	O
system	O
of	O
the	O
brainstem	O
but	O
subjects	O
were	O
not	O
incapacitated	O
by	O
the	O
stimulations	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
subcutaneously	O
for	O
an	O
acute	O
experiment	O
and	O
subsequent	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
doses	O
twice	O
daily	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
in	O
a	O
chronic	O
study	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
generated	O
more	O
abnormal	O
behaviors	O
in	O
the	O
brainstem	O
perturbation	O
group	O
,	O
especially	O
the	O
electrically	O
perturbated	O
subjects	O
.	O

The	O
abnormal	O
behaviors	O
were	O
yawning	O
,	O
retrocollis	O
,	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
,	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
,	O
"	O
beating	O
drum	O
"	O
behavior	O
,	O
squealing	O
,	O
head	O
bobbing	O
,	O
circling	O
,	O
sniffing	O
,	O
abnormal	O
posturing	O
,	O
and	O
facial	O
twitching	O
.	O

Shifts	O
in	O
the	O
power	O
frequency	O
spectra	O
of	O
the	O
discharge	O
patterns	O
were	O
noted	O
between	O
quiet	O
and	O
pacing	O
behavioral	O
states	O
.	O

Hypersensitivity	B-Disease
to	O
various	O
auditory	O
,	O
tactile	O
,	O
and	O
visual	O
stimulation	O
was	O
present	O
and	O
shifts	O
in	O
the	O
brainstem	O
ambient	O
power	O
spectral	O
frequency	O
occurred	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
tactile	O
stimulation	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
brainstem	O
generates	O
and	O
propagates	O
pathological	O
discharges	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
elicited	O
by	O
mechanical	O
and	O
DC	O
electrical	O
perturbation	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
was	O
found	O
to	O
activate	O
the	O
discharge	O
system	O
and	O
thus	O
induce	O
abnormal	O
behaviors	O
that	O
are	O
generated	O
at	O
the	O
discharge	O
site	O
and	O
at	O
distant	O
sites	O
to	O
which	O
the	O
discharge	O
propagates	O
.	O

Cognitive	O
functions	O
may	O
also	O
be	O
involved	O
since	O
dopaminergic	O
and	O
serotonergic	O
cellular	O
elements	O
at	O
the	O
brainstem	O
level	O
are	O
also	O
implicated	O
.	O

rTMS	O
of	O
supplementary	O
motor	O
area	O
modulates	O
therapy	O
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
neural	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
circuitry	O
involved	O
in	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
are	O
unclear	O
.	O

Using	O
repetitive	O
transcranial	O
magnetic	O
stimulation	O
(	O
rTMS	O
)	O
over	O
the	O
supplementary	O
motor	O
area	O
(	O
SMA	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
authors	O
investigated	O
whether	O
modulation	O
of	O
SMA	O
excitability	O
may	O
result	O
in	O
a	O
modification	O
of	O
a	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
state	O
induced	O
by	O
continuous	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

rTMS	O
at	O
1	O
Hz	O
was	O
observed	O
to	O
markedly	O
reduce	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
dyskinesias	I-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
5	O
-	O
Hz	O
rTMS	O
induced	O
a	O
slight	O
but	O
not	O
significant	O
increase	O
.	O

Intracavitary	O
chemotherapy	O
(	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
/	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
liquid	O
crystalline	O
cubic	O
phases	O
)	O
for	O
recurrent	O
glioblastoma	B-Disease
-	O
-	O
clinical	O
observations	O
.	O

Human	O
malignant	O
brain	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
have	O
a	O
poor	O
prognosis	O
in	O
spite	O
of	O
surgery	O
and	O
radiation	O
therapy	O
.	O

Cubic	O
phases	O
consist	O
of	O
curved	O
biocontinuous	O
lipid	O
bilayers	O
,	O
separating	O
two	O
congruent	O
networks	O
of	O
water	O
channels	O
.	O

Used	O
as	O
a	O
host	O
for	O
cytotoxic	O
drugs	O
,	O
the	O
gel	O
-	O
like	O
matrix	O
can	O
easily	O
be	O
applied	O
to	O
the	O
walls	O
of	O
a	O
surgical	O
resection	O
cavity	O
.	O

For	O
human	O
glioblastoma	B-Disease
recurrences	O
,	O
the	O
feasibility	O
,	O
safety	O
,	O
and	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
surgical	O
intracavitary	O
application	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
and	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
encapsulated	O
by	O
liquid	O
crystalline	O
cubic	O
phases	O
are	O
examined	O
in	O
a	O
pilot	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
12	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
recurrence	O
of	O
a	O
glioblastoma	B-Disease
multiforme	O
underwent	O
re	O
-	O
resection	O
and	O
received	O
an	O
intracavitary	O
application	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
and	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
cubic	O
phases	O
in	O
different	O
dosages	O
.	O

Six	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
received	O
more	O
than	O
15	O
mg	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
and	O
suffered	O
from	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
brain	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
,	O
while	O
the	O
remaining	O
patients	O
received	O
only	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
15	O
mg	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
latter	O
group	O
,	O
brain	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
was	O
markedly	O
reduced	O
and	O
dealt	O
medically	O
.	O

Intracavitary	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
recurrent	O
glioblastoma	B-Disease
using	O
cubic	O
phases	O
is	O
feasible	O
and	O
safe	O
,	O
yet	O
the	O
clinical	O
benefit	O
remains	O
to	O
be	O
examined	O
in	O
a	O
clinical	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
.	O

Lamotrigine	B-Chemical
associated	O
with	O
exacerbation	O
or	O
de	O
novo	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
in	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
generalized	I-Disease
epilepsies	I-Disease
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
with	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
generalized	I-Disease
epilepsies	I-Disease
(	O
IGE	B-Disease
)	O
treated	O
with	O
lamotrigine	B-Chemical
(	O
LTG	B-Chemical
)	O
experienced	O
exacerbation	O
or	O
de	O
novo	O
appearance	O
of	O
myoclonic	B-Disease
jerks	I-Disease
(	O
MJ	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

In	O
three	O
patients	O
,	O
LTG	B-Chemical
exacerbated	O
MJ	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
with	O
early	O
aggravation	O
during	O
titration	O
.	O

MJ	B-Disease
disappeared	O
when	O
LTG	B-Chemical
dose	O
was	O
decreased	O
by	O
25	O
to	O
50	O
%	O
.	O

In	O
two	O
patients	O
,	O
LTG	B-Chemical
exacerbated	O
MJ	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
delayed	O
but	O
more	O
severe	O
manner	O
,	O
with	O
myoclonic	B-Disease
status	I-Disease
that	O
only	O
ceased	O
after	O
LTG	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
.	O

Absence	O
of	O
acute	O
cerebral	O
vasoconstriction	O
after	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
neurovascular	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
arterial	O
vasoconstriction	O
and	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
few	O
studies	O
of	O
angiographic	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
human	O
cerebral	O
arteries	O
.	O

Information	O
on	O
these	O
effects	O
could	O
be	O
obtained	O
from	O
angiograms	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
SAH	B-Disease
)	O
who	O
underwent	O
angiography	O
shortly	O
after	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
screened	O
patients	O
with	O
SAH	B-Disease
retrospectively	O
and	O
identified	O
those	O
with	O
positive	O
urine	O
toxicology	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
or	O
its	O
metabolites	O
.	O

Quantitative	O
arterial	O
diameter	O
measurements	O
from	O
angiograms	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
measurements	O
from	O
control	O
patients	O
with	O
SAH	B-Disease
who	O
were	O
matched	O
for	O
factors	O
known	O
to	O
influence	O
arterial	O
diameter	O
.	O

Qualitative	O
comparisons	O
of	O
small	O
artery	O
changes	O
also	O
were	O
made	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
positive	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
toxicology	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
26	O
controls	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
groups	O
in	O
the	O
mean	O
diameters	O
of	O
the	O
intradural	O
internal	O
carotid	O
,	O
sphenoidal	O
segment	O
of	O
the	O
middle	O
cerebral	O
,	O
precommunicating	O
segment	O
of	O
the	O
anterior	O
cerebral	O
,	O
or	O
basilar	O
arteries	O
(	O
p	O
greater	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
for	O
all	O
comparisons	O
,	O
unpaired	O
t	O
-	O
tests	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
groups	O
when	O
expressing	O
diameters	O
as	O
the	O
sum	O
of	O
the	O
precommunicating	O
segment	O
of	O
the	O
anterior	O
cerebral	O
+	O
sphenoidal	O
segment	O
of	O
the	O
middle	O
cerebral	O
+	O
supraclinoid	O
internal	O
carotid	O
artery	O
+	O
basilar	O
artery	O
divided	O
by	O
the	O
diameter	O
of	O
the	O
petrous	O
internal	O
carotid	O
artery	O
(	O
p	O
greater	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
,	O
unpaired	O
t	O
-	O
tests	O
)	O
.	O

Qualitative	O
assessments	O
showed	O
two	O
arterial	O
irregularities	O
in	O
the	O
distal	O
vasculature	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
No	O
quantitative	O
evidence	O
for	O
narrowing	O
of	O
large	O
cerebral	O
arteries	O
or	O
qualitative	O
angiographic	O
evidence	O
for	O
distal	O
narrowing	O
or	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
could	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
angiography	O
after	O
aneurysmal	B-Disease
SAH	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
causes	O
alterations	O
in	O
the	O
MAP	O
kinase	O
-	O
related	O
pathways	O
in	O
the	O
brains	O
of	O
mice	O
that	O
display	O
increased	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
.	O

Aggressive	B-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
suffer	O
from	O
some	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
are	O
common	O
in	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
METH	B-Chemical
)	O
abusers	O
.	O

Herein	O
,	O
we	O
report	O
that	O
multiple	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
single	O
)	O
injections	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
in	O
male	O
CD	O
-	O
1	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
increase	O
in	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
secondary	O
to	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

Analysis	O
of	O
protein	O
expression	O
using	O
antibody	O
microarrays	O
and	O
Western	O
blotting	O
revealed	O
differential	O
changes	O
in	O
MAP	O
kinase	O
-	O
related	O
pathways	O
after	O
multiple	O
and	O
single	O
METH	B-Chemical
injections	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
statistically	O
significant	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
decreases	O
in	O
MEK1	O
,	O
Erk2p	O
,	O
GSK3alpha	O
,	O
14	O
-	O
3	O
-	O
3e	O
,	O
and	O
MEK7	O
in	O
the	O
striata	O
of	O
mice	O
after	O
multiple	O
injections	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
.	O

MEK1	O
was	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
also	O
after	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
to	O
a	O
much	O
lesser	O
degree	O
than	O
after	O
multiple	O
injections	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
frontal	O
cortex	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
GSK3alpha	O
after	O
multiple	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
single	O
)	O
injections	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
alterations	O
in	O
MAP	O
kinase	O
-	O
related	O
pathways	O
in	O
the	O
prefronto	O
-	O
striatal	O
circuitries	O
might	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
manifestation	O
of	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Amisulpride	B-Chemical
related	O
tic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
in	O
an	O
adolescent	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
.	O

Tic	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
can	O
be	O
effectively	O
treated	O
by	O
atypical	O
antipsychotics	O
such	O
as	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
and	O
ziprasidone	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
two	O
case	O
reports	O
that	O
show	O
tic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
motor	O
and	O
phonic	O
variants	O
,	O
occurring	O
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
or	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
who	O
developed	O
frequent	O
involuntary	B-Disease
eye	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
blinking	I-Disease
movements	I-Disease
after	O
5	O
months	O
of	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
1000	O
mg	O
per	O
day	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
tic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
resolved	O
completely	O
after	O
we	O
reduced	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
down	O
to	O
800	O
mg	O
per	O
day	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
her	O
psychosis	B-Disease
recurred	O
after	O
the	O
dose	O
reduction	O
.	O

We	O
then	O
placed	O
her	O
on	O
an	O
additional	O
100	O
mg	O
per	O
day	O
of	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
.	O

She	O
has	O
been	O
in	O
complete	O
remission	O
under	O
the	O
combined	O
medications	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
year	O
and	O
maintains	O
a	O
fair	O
role	O
function	O
.	O

No	O
more	O
tic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
or	O
other	O
side	O
effects	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

Together	O
with	O
previously	O
reported	O
cases	O
,	O
our	O
patient	O
suggests	O
that	O
tic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
might	O
occur	O
in	O
certain	O
vulnerable	O
individuals	O
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
atypical	O
antipsychotics	O
such	O
as	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
,	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
.	O

Chloroquine	B-Chemical
related	O
complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
with	O
blindness	B-Disease
:	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

A	O
27	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
African	O
woman	O
with	O
history	O
of	O
regular	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
presented	O
with	O
progressive	O
deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
vision	I-Disease
,	O
easy	O
fatiguability	B-Disease
,	O
dyspnoea	B-Disease
,	O
dizziness	B-Disease
progressing	O
to	O
syncopal	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
.	O

Ophthalmological	O
assessment	O
revealed	O
features	O
of	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
retinopathy	B-Disease
,	O
cardiac	O
assessment	O
revealed	O
features	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
with	O
right	B-Disease
bundle	I-Disease
branch	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
pattern	O
.	O

The	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
was	O
treated	O
by	O
pacemaker	O
insertion	O
and	O
the	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
resolved	O
spontaneously	O
following	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
discontinuation	O
.	O

She	O
however	O
remains	O
blind	B-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
rat	O
kidney	O
.	O

Although	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
greater	O
than	O
100	O
subjects	O
,	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
damage	O
remains	O
unclear	O
.	O

The	O
direct	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
15	O
mg	O
of	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
were	O
compared	O
in	O
the	O
recirculating	O
isolated	O
rat	O
kidney	O
perfused	O
with	O
cell	O
-	O
free	O
buffer	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
of	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
renal	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
,	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
,	O
or	O
urinary	O
flow	O
rates	O
in	O
kidneys	O
perfused	O
with	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
the	O
drug	O
-	O
free	O
control	O
groups	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
a	O
significant	O
decline	O
in	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
was	O
found	O
after	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
kidney	O
perfused	O
with	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
;	O
no	O
changes	O
were	O
found	O
with	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

A	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
baseline	O
excretion	O
rate	O
of	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
was	O
found	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
,	O
compared	O
with	O
drug	O
-	O
free	O
controls	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
fractional	O
excretion	O
of	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
was	O
unchanged	O
between	O
the	O
groups	O
over	O
the	O
experimental	O
period	O
.	O

In	O
summary	O
,	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
causes	O
acute	B-Disease
declines	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
,	O
most	O
likely	O
by	O
directly	O
altering	O
the	O
intrarenal	O
distribution	O
of	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Microinjection	O
of	O
ritanserin	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
CA1	O
region	O
of	O
hippocampus	O
improves	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
in	O
adult	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
ritanserin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
-	O
HT2	O
antagonist	O
)	O
on	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
muscarinic	O
cholinergic	O
antagonist	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
in	O
Morris	O
water	O
maze	O
(	O
MWM	O
)	O
was	O
investigated	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
eight	O
groups	O
and	O
bilaterally	O
cannulated	O
into	O
CA1	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

One	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
they	O
received	O
repeatedly	O
vehicles	O
(	O
saline	O
,	O
DMSO	B-Chemical
,	O
saline	O
+	O
DMSO	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
saline	O
/	O
side	O
;	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
training	O
)	O
,	O
ritanserin	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
and	O
8	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
DMSO	B-Chemical
/	O
side	O
;	O
20	O
min	O
before	O
training	O
)	O
and	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
;	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
ritanserin	B-Chemical
injection	O
)	O
+	O
ritanserin	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
DMSO	B-Chemical
)	O
through	O
cannulae	O
each	O
day	O
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
four	O
consecutive	O
days	O
(	O
4	O
trial	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
in	O
MWM	O
during	O
which	O
the	O
position	O
of	O
hidden	O
platform	O
was	O
unchanged	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
fifth	O
day	O
,	O
the	O
platform	O
was	O
elevated	O
above	O
the	O
water	O
surface	O
in	O
another	O
position	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
function	O
of	O
motor	O
,	O
motivational	O
and	O
visual	O
systems	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
escape	O
latencies	O
and	O
traveled	O
distances	O
to	O
find	O
platform	O
in	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
saline	O
group	O
.	O

Ritanserin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
(	O
4	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
mentioned	O
parameters	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
DMSO	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
ritanserin	B-Chemical
co	O
-	O
administration	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
escape	O
latencies	O
and	O
traveled	O
distances	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
show	O
that	O
microinjection	O
of	O
ritanserin	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
CA1	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
improves	O
the	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
.	O

PTU	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
girl	O
with	O
Turner	B-Disease
Syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Palpable	O
purpura	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
concerning	O
clinical	O
finding	O
in	O
pediatric	O
patients	O
and	O
can	O
have	O
many	O
causes	O
,	O
including	O
infectious	O
and	O
autoimmune	O
processes	O
.	O

A	O
rare	O
cause	O
,	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
,	O
may	O
result	O
from	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
antibodies	O
(	O
ANCAs	O
)	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
medication	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
girl	O
with	O
Turner	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
presented	O
with	O
palpable	O
purpuric	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
(	O
PTU	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
associated	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
was	O
made	O
by	O
observation	O
of	O
consistent	O
clinical	O
features	O
,	O
the	O
detection	O
of	O
elevated	O
ANA	O
and	O
ANCA	O
in	O
the	O
blood	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
observed	O
clinical	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
following	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
PTU	B-Chemical
.	O

Subsequent	O
treatment	O
of	O
persistent	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
with	O
radioablation	O
did	O
not	O
result	O
in	O
an	O
exacerbation	O
of	O
the	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
complication	O
described	O
in	O
prior	O
case	O
reports	O
.	O

Daidzein	B-Chemical
activates	O
choline	B-Chemical
acetyltransferase	O
from	O
MC	O
-	O
IXC	O
cells	O
and	O
improves	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
choline	B-Chemical
acetyltransferase	O
(	O
ChAT	O
)	O
activator	O
,	O
which	O
enhances	O
cholinergic	O
transmission	O
via	O
an	O
augmentation	O
of	O
the	O
enzymatic	O
production	O
of	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
ACh	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
factor	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
AD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Methanolic	O
extracts	O
from	O
Pueraria	O
thunbergiana	O
exhibited	O
an	O
activation	O
effect	O
(	O
46	O
%	O
)	O
on	O
ChAT	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

Via	O
the	O
sequential	O
isolation	O
of	O
Pueraria	O
thunbergiana	O
,	O
the	O
active	O
component	O
was	O
ultimately	O
identified	O
as	O
daidzein	B-Chemical
(	O
4	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
isoflavone	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
daidzein	B-Chemical
from	O
Pueraria	O
thunbergiana	O
on	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
impairments	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
in	O
vivo	O
tests	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
daidzein	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
to	O
mice	O
was	O
shown	O
significantly	O
to	O
reverse	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
a	O
Y	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
.	O

Injections	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
into	O
mice	O
resulted	O
in	O
impaired	O
performance	O
on	O
Y	O
-	O
maze	O
tests	O
(	O
a	O
37	O
%	O
decreases	O
in	O
alternation	O
behavior	O
)	O
.	O

By	O
way	O
of	O
contrast	O
,	O
mice	O
treated	O
with	O
daidzein	B-Chemical
prior	O
to	O
the	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
injections	O
were	O
noticeably	O
protected	O
from	O
this	O
performance	O
impairment	O
(	O
an	O
approximately	O
12	O
%	O
-	O
21	O
%	O
decrease	O
in	O
alternation	O
behavior	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
daidzein	B-Chemical
might	O
play	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
biosynthesis	O
as	O
a	O
ChAT	O
activator	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
also	O
ameliorates	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
.	O

Urinary	O
symptoms	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
changes	O
in	O
Thai	O
women	O
with	O
overactive	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
after	O
tolterodine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
study	O
the	O
urinary	O
symptoms	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
changes	O
in	O
Thai	O
women	O
with	O
overactive	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
(	O
OAB	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
tolterodine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

MATERIAL	O
AND	O
METHOD	O
:	O
Thirty	O
women	O
(	O
aged	O
30	O
-	O
77	O
years	O
)	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
having	O
OAB	B-Disease
at	O
the	O
Gynecology	O
Clinic	O
,	O
King	O
Chulalongkorn	O
Memorial	O
Hospital	O
from	O
January	O
to	O
April	O
2004	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
.	O

Tolterodine	B-Chemical
2	O
mg	O
,	O
twice	O
daily	O
was	O
given	O
.	O

After	O
8	O
weeks	O
treatment	O
,	O
changes	O
in	O
micturition	O
diary	O
variables	O
and	O
tolerability	O
were	O
determined	O
.	O

Short	O
form	O
36	O
(	O
SF36	O
)	O
questionaires	O
(	O
Thai	O
version	O
)	O
were	O
given	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
8	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
At	O
8	O
weeks	O
,	O
all	O
micturition	O
per	O
day	O
decreased	O
from	O
16	O
.	O

7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O

3	O
to	O
6	O
.	O

7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
times	O
per	O
day	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
nocturia	B-Disease
episodes	O
decreased	O
from	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
times	O
per	O
night	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
side	O
effect	O
was	O
dry	B-Disease
month	I-Disease
in	O
5	O
cases	O
(	O
16	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
2	O
cases	O
reporting	O
a	O
moderate	O
degree	O
and	O
1	O
case	O
with	O
severe	O
degree	O
.	O

Only	O
one	O
case	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
withdrew	O
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
severe	O
dry	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
SF	O
-	O
36	O
scores	O
changed	O
significantly	O
in	O
the	O
domains	O
of	O
physical	O
functioning	O
,	O
role	O
function	O
emotional	O
,	O
social	O
function	O
and	O
mental	O
heath	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Tolterodine	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
its	O
effects	O
improved	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
in	O
Thai	O
women	O
with	O
OAB	B-Disease
.	O

Remifentanil	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
reduces	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
after	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
1	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
and	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
gender	O
on	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
after	O
anesthesia	O
induction	O
with	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
This	O
was	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
The	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
at	O
a	O
university	O
hospital	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
Sixty	O
patients	O
were	O
pretreated	O
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blinded	O
fashion	O
with	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
1	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
placebo	O
.	O

Two	O
minutes	O
after	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
or	O
placebo	O
injection	O
,	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
was	O
given	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
:	O
Myoclonus	B-Disease
was	O
recorded	O
with	O
a	O
scale	O
of	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
.	O

The	O
grade	O
of	O
sedation	O
(	O
none	O
,	O
mild	O
,	O
moderate	O
,	O
severe	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
pruritus	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
apnea	B-Disease
were	O
recorded	O
after	O
injection	O
of	O
both	O
drugs	O
.	O

MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
incidence	O
of	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
(	O
70	O
%	O
)	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
experienced	O
sedation	O
,	O
apnea	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
pruritus	B-Disease
after	O
injection	O
of	O
both	O
drugs	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
,	O
male	O
patients	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
significantly	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
after	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Pretreatment	O
with	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
1	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
reduced	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
after	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
induction	O
without	O
side	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
sedation	O
,	O
apnea	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
pruritus	B-Disease
.	O

Men	O
experience	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
than	O
women	O
after	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Memory	O
function	O
and	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
transporter	O
promoter	O
gene	O
polymorphism	O
in	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
(	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
)	O
users	O
.	O

Although	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylenedioxymethamphetamine	I-Chemical
(	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
or	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
)	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
damage	O
brain	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
)	O
neurons	O
in	O
animals	O
and	O
possibly	O
humans	O
,	O
little	O
is	O
known	O
about	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
consequences	O
of	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
neurotoxic	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
on	O
functions	O
in	O
which	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
is	O
involved	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
cognitive	O
function	O
.	O

Because	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
transporters	O
play	O
a	O
key	O
element	O
in	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
synaptic	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
transmission	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
important	O
to	O
control	O
for	O
the	O
potential	O
covariance	O
effect	O
of	O
a	O
polymorphism	O
in	O
the	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
transporter	O
promoter	O
gene	O
region	O
(	O
5	O
-	O
HTTLPR	O
)	O
when	O
studying	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
as	O
well	O
as	O
cognitive	O
functioning	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
moderate	O
and	O
heavy	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
use	O
on	O
cognitive	O
function	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
abstention	O
from	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
subjects	O
genotyped	O
for	O
5	O
-	O
HTTLPR	O
.	O

A	O
second	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
these	O
effects	O
differ	O
for	O
females	O
and	O
males	O
.	O

Fifteen	O
moderate	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
users	O
(	O
<	O
55	O
lifetime	O
tablets	O
)	O
,	O
22	O
heavy	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
+	O
users	O
(	O
>	O
55	O
lifetime	O
tablets	O
)	O
,	O
16	O
ex	O
-	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
+	O
users	O
(	O
last	O
tablet	O
>	O
1	O
year	O
ago	O
)	O
and	O
13	O
controls	O
were	O
compared	O
on	O
a	O
battery	O
of	O
neuropsychological	O
tests	O
.	O

DNA	O
from	O
peripheral	O
nuclear	O
blood	O
cells	O
was	O
genotyped	O
for	O
5	O
-	O
HTTLPR	O
using	O
standard	O
polymerase	O
chain	O
reaction	O
methods	O
.	O
A	O
significant	O
group	O
effect	O
was	O
observed	O
only	O
on	O
memory	O
function	O
tasks	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
)	O
but	O
not	O
on	O
reaction	O
times	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
61	O
)	O
or	O
attention	O
/	O
executive	O
functioning	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
59	O
)	O
.	O

Heavy	O
and	O
ex	O
-	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
+	O
users	O
performed	O
significantly	O
poorer	O
on	O
memory	O
tasks	O
than	O
controls	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
moderate	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
effect	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HTTLPR	O
or	O
gender	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

While	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
in	O
quantities	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
considered	O
"	O
moderate	O
"	O
is	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
impaired	B-Disease
memory	I-Disease
functioning	I-Disease
,	O
heavy	O
use	O
of	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
use	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
long	O
lasting	O
memory	B-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
.	O

No	O
effect	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HTTLPR	O
or	O
gender	O
on	O
memory	O
function	O
or	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
use	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Role	O
of	O
mangiferin	B-Chemical
on	O
biochemical	O
alterations	O
and	O
antioxidant	O
status	O
in	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
current	O
study	O
dealt	O
with	O
the	O
protective	O
role	O
of	O
mangiferin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
polyphenol	B-Chemical
from	O
Mangifera	O
indica	O
Linn	O
.	O

(	O
Anacardiaceae	O
)	O
,	O
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
ISPH	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
MI	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
rats	O
through	O
its	O
antioxidative	O
mechanism	O
.	O

Subcutaneous	O
injection	O
of	O
ISPH	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
in	O
1	O
ml	O
saline	O
)	O
to	O
rats	O
for	O
2	O
consecutive	O
days	O
caused	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
rat	O
heart	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
the	O
increased	O
activity	O
of	O
serum	O
lactate	B-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
(	O
LDH	O
)	O
and	O
creatine	B-Chemical
phosphokinase	O
isoenzymes	O
(	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
)	O
,	O
increased	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
level	O
and	O
reduced	O
plasma	O
iron	B-Chemical
binding	O
capacity	O
.	O

The	O
protective	O
role	O
of	O
mangiferin	B-Chemical
was	O
analyzed	O
by	O
triphenyl	B-Chemical
tetrazolium	I-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
(	O
TTC	B-Chemical
)	O
test	O
used	O
for	O
macroscopic	O
enzyme	O
mapping	O
assay	O
of	O
the	O
ischemic	B-Disease
myocardium	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
heart	O
tissue	O
antioxidant	O
enzymes	O
such	O
as	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
,	O
catalase	O
,	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
peroxidase	O
,	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
transferase	O
and	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
reductase	O
activities	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
enzymic	O
antioxidants	O
such	O
as	O
cerruloplasmin	O
,	O
Vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
,	O
Vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
and	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
altered	O
in	O
MI	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

Upon	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
mangiferin	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
suspended	O
in	O
2	O
ml	O
of	O
dimethyl	B-Chemical
sulphoxide	I-Chemical
)	O
given	O
intraperitoneally	O
for	O
28	O
days	O
to	O
MI	B-Disease
rats	O
protected	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
parameters	O
to	O
fall	O
from	O
the	O
normal	O
levels	O
.	O

Activities	O
of	O
heart	O
tissue	O
enzymic	O
antioxidants	O
and	O
serum	O
non	O
-	O
enzymic	O
antioxidants	O
levels	O
rose	O
significantly	O
upon	O
mangiferin	B-Chemical
administration	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
ISPH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
MI	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

From	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
it	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
mangiferin	B-Chemical
exerts	O
a	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
against	O
ISPH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
MI	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
its	O
antioxidant	O
potential	O
,	O
which	O
regulated	O
the	O
tissues	O
defense	O
system	O
against	O
cardiac	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

Cardiovascular	O
risk	O
with	O
cyclooxygenase	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
:	O
general	O
problem	O
with	O
substance	O
specific	O
differences	O
?	O

Randomised	O
clinical	O
trials	O
and	O
observational	O
studies	O
have	O
shown	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
,	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
cyclooxygenase	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
.	O

Adverse	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
occurred	O
mainly	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
exclusively	O
,	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
concomitant	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Cyclooxygenase	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
cause	O
complex	O
changes	O
in	O
renal	O
,	O
vascular	O
and	O
cardiac	O
prostanoid	O
profiles	O
thereby	O
increasing	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
and	O
fluid	O
retention	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
cardiovascular	O
adverse	O
events	O
tends	O
to	O
increase	O
with	O
the	O
daily	O
dose	O
and	O
total	O
exposure	O
time	O
.	O

A	O
comparison	O
of	O
individual	O
selective	O
and	O
unselective	O
cyclooxygenase	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
suggests	O
substance	O
-	O
specific	O
differences	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
depend	O
on	O
differences	O
in	O
pharmacokinetic	O
parameters	O
or	O
inhibitory	O
potency	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
contributed	O
by	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
-	O
independent	O
effects	O
.	O

Diagnostic	O
markers	O
such	O
as	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
terminal	I-Chemical
pro	I-Chemical
brain	I-Chemical
natriuretic	I-Chemical
peptide	I-Chemical
(	O
NT	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
proBNP	I-Chemical
)	O
or	O
high	O
-	O
sensitive	O
C	O
-	O
reactive	O
protein	O
might	O
help	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
identification	O
of	O
patients	O
at	O
risk	O
,	O
thus	O
avoiding	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
serious	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Pilocarpine	B-Chemical
seizures	B-Disease
cause	O
age	O
-	O
dependent	O
impairment	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
location	I-Disease
discrimination	I-Disease
.	O

Children	O
who	O
have	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
have	O
continuous	O
or	O
rapidly	O
repeating	O
seizures	B-Disease
that	O
may	O
be	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
and	O
may	O
cause	O
life	O
-	O
long	O
changes	O
in	O
brain	O
and	O
behavior	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
to	O
which	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
causes	O
deficits	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
discrimination	I-Disease
is	O
unknown	O
.	O

A	O
naturalistic	O
auditory	O
location	O
discrimination	O
method	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
this	O
question	O
using	O
an	O
animal	O
model	O
of	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

Male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
injected	O
with	O
saline	O
on	O
postnatal	O
day	O
(	O
P	O
)	O
20	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
convulsant	O
dose	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
on	O
P20	O
or	O
P45	O
.	O

Pilocarpine	B-Chemical
on	O
either	O
day	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
;	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
at	O
P45	O
resulted	O
in	O
CA3	O
cell	O
loss	O
and	O
spontaneous	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
P20	O
rats	O
had	O
no	O
cell	O
loss	O
or	O
spontaneous	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Mature	O
rats	O
were	O
trained	O
with	O
sound	O
-	O
source	O
location	O
and	O
sound	O
-	O
silence	O
discriminations	O
.	O

Control	O
(	O
saline	O
P20	O
)	O
rats	O
acquired	O
both	O
discriminations	O
immediately	O
.	O

In	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
P20	O
)	O
rats	O
,	O
acquisition	O
of	O
the	O
sound	O
-	O
source	O
location	O
discrimination	O
was	O
moderately	O
impaired	O
.	O

Status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
P45	O
)	O
rats	O
failed	O
to	O
acquire	O
either	O
sound	O
-	O
source	O
location	O
or	O
sound	O
-	O
silence	O
discriminations	O
.	O

Status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
in	O
rat	O
causes	O
an	O
age	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
impairment	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
discrimination	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
impairment	O
may	O
explain	O
one	O
cause	O
of	O
impaired	B-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
location	I-Disease
discrimination	I-Disease
in	O
humans	O
.	O

Nerve	O
growth	O
factor	O
and	O
prostaglandins	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
urine	O
of	O
female	O
patients	O
with	O
overactive	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
NGF	O
and	O
PGs	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
bladder	O
can	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
pathological	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
bladder	O
and	O
these	O
changes	O
can	O
be	O
detected	O
in	O
urine	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
changes	O
in	O
urinary	O
NGF	O
and	O
PGs	B-Chemical
in	O
women	O
with	O
OAB	B-Disease
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
study	O
groups	O
included	O
65	O
women	O
with	O
OAB	B-Disease
and	O
20	O
without	O
bladder	O
symptoms	O
who	O
served	O
as	O
controls	O
.	O

Evaluation	O
included	O
patient	O
history	O
,	O
urinalysis	O
,	O
a	O
voiding	O
diary	O
and	O
urodynamic	O
studies	O
.	O

Urine	O
samples	O
were	O
collected	O
.	O

NGF	O
,	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
,	O
PGF2alpha	B-Chemical
and	O
PGI2	B-Chemical
were	O
measured	O
using	O
enzyme	O
-	O
linked	O
immunosorbent	O
assay	O
and	O
compared	O
between	O
the	O
groups	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
correlations	O
between	O
urinary	O
NGF	O
and	O
PG	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
urodynamic	O
parameters	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
OAB	B-Disease
were	O
examined	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Urinary	O
NGF	O
,	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
and	O
PGF2alpha	B-Chemical
were	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
OAB	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
urinary	O
PGI2	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
different	O
between	O
controls	O
and	O
patients	O
with	O
OAB	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
OAB	B-Disease
urinary	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
positively	O
correlated	O
with	O
volume	O
at	O
first	O
desire	O
to	O
void	O
and	O
maximum	O
cystometric	O
capacity	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Urinary	O
NGF	O
,	O
PGF2alpha	B-Chemical
and	O
PGI2	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
urodynamic	O
parameters	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
OAB	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
NGF	O
and	O
PGs	B-Chemical
have	O
important	O
roles	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
OAB	B-Disease
symptoms	O
in	O
female	O
patients	O
.	O

Urinary	O
levels	O
of	O
these	O
factors	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
markers	O
to	O
evaluate	O
OAB	B-Disease
symptoms	O
.	O

Definition	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
infected	B-Disease
with	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
.	O

Chronic	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
with	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
(	O
HCV	O
)	O
can	O
progress	O
to	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
,	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
current	O
best	O
treatment	O
for	O
HCV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
is	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	O
pegylated	O
interferon	B-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
this	O
regimen	O
produces	O
sustained	O
virologic	O
responses	O
(	O
SVRs	O
)	O
in	O
approximately	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
potentially	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Hemoglobin	O
concentrations	O
decrease	O
mainly	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
this	O
anemia	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
problematic	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
HCV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
,	O
especially	O
those	O
who	O
have	O
comorbid	O
renal	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
cardiovascular	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
general	O
,	O
anemia	B-Disease
can	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
have	O
negative	O
effects	O
on	O
cerebral	O
function	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

Although	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
anemia	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
reversed	O
by	O
dose	O
reduction	O
or	O
discontinuation	O
,	O
this	O
approach	O
compromises	O
outcomes	O
by	O
significantly	O
decreasing	O
SVR	O
rates	O
.	O

Recombinant	O
human	O
erythropoietin	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
manage	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
anemia	B-Disease
but	O
has	O
other	O
potential	O
disadvantages	O
.	O

Viramidine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
liver	O
-	O
targeting	O
prodrug	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
,	O
has	O
the	O
potential	O
to	O
maintain	O
the	O
virologic	O
efficacy	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
while	O
decreasing	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
.	O

Impact	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
exposure	O
after	O
pregnancy	O
recognition	O
on	O
ultrasonographic	O
fetal	O
growth	O
measures	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
More	O
than	O
3	O
decades	O
after	O
Jones	O
and	O
Smith	O
(	O
1973	O
)	O
reported	O
on	O
the	O
devastation	O
caused	O
by	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
exposure	O
on	O
fetal	O
development	O
,	O
the	O
rates	O
of	O
heavy	O
drinking	O
during	O
pregnancy	O
remain	O
relatively	O
unchanged	O
.	O

Early	O
identification	O
of	O
fetal	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
exposure	O
and	O
maternal	O
abstinence	O
led	O
to	O
better	O
infant	O
outcomes	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
examined	O
the	O
utility	O
of	O
biometry	O
for	O
detecting	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
fetal	O
growth	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
obtained	O
fetal	O
ultrasound	O
measures	O
from	O
routine	O
ultrasound	O
examinations	O
for	O
167	O
pregnant	O
hazardous	O
drinkers	O
who	O
were	O
enrolled	O
in	O
a	O
brief	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
intervention	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
fetal	O
measures	O
for	O
women	O
who	O
quit	O
after	O
learning	O
of	O
their	O
pregnancies	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
measures	O
for	O
women	O
who	O
continued	O
some	O
drinking	O
throughout	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
their	O
pregnancies	O
.	O

Because	O
intensity	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
poorer	O
fetal	O
outcomes	O
,	O
separate	O
analyses	O
were	O
conducted	O
for	O
the	O
heavy	O
(	O
average	O
of	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
drinks	O
per	O
drinking	O
day	O
)	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumers	O
.	O

Fetal	O
measures	O
from	O
the	O
heavy	O
-	O
exposed	O
fetuses	O
were	O
also	O
compared	O
with	O
measures	O
from	O
a	O
nondrinking	O
group	O
that	O
was	O
representative	O
of	O
normal	O
,	O
uncomplicated	O
pregnancies	O
from	O
our	O
clinics	O
.	O

Analyses	O
of	O
covariance	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
there	O
were	O
differences	O
between	O
groups	O
after	O
controlling	O
for	O
influences	O
of	O
gestational	O
age	O
and	O
drug	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Nearly	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
pregnant	O
drinkers	O
abstained	O
after	O
learning	O
of	O
their	O
pregnancies	O
.	O

When	O
women	O
reportedly	O
quit	O
drinking	O
early	O
in	O
their	O
pregnancies	O
,	O
fetal	O
growth	O
measures	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
from	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
group	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
prior	O
drinking	O
patterns	O
.	O

Any	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
postpregnancy	O
recognition	O
among	O
the	O
heavy	O
drinkers	O
resulted	O
in	O
reduced	B-Disease
cerebellar	I-Disease
growth	I-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
decreased	B-Disease
cranial	I-Disease
to	I-Disease
body	I-Disease
growth	I-Disease
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
women	O
who	O
either	O
quit	O
drinking	O
or	O
who	O
were	O
nondrinkers	O
.	O

Amphetamine	B-Chemical
abuse	O
was	O
predictive	O
of	O
larger	O
cranial	O
to	O
body	O
growth	O
ratios	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Alterations	O
in	O
fetal	O
biometric	O
measurements	O
were	O
observed	O
among	O
the	O
heavy	O
drinkers	O
only	O
when	O
they	O
continued	O
drinking	O
after	O
becoming	O
aware	O
of	O
their	O
pregnancies	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
reliance	O
on	O
self	O
-	O
reported	O
drinking	O
is	O
a	O
limitation	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
these	O
findings	O
support	O
the	O
benefits	O
of	O
early	O
abstinence	O
and	O
the	O
potential	O
for	O
ultrasound	O
examinations	O
in	O
the	O
detection	O
of	O
fetal	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
effects	O
.	O

Ethambutol	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Ethambutol	B-Chemical
is	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
still	O
prevalent	O
in	O
Southeast	O
Asia	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
permanent	O
visual	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
3	O
cases	O
which	O
presented	O
with	O
bitemporal	B-Disease
hemianopia	I-Disease
.	O

CLINICAL	O
PICTURE	O
:	O
Three	O
patients	O
with	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
toxic	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
are	O
described	O
.	O

All	O
3	O
patients	O
had	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
visual	I-Disease
acuity	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
colour	I-Disease
vision	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
Ishihara	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
visual	I-Disease
field	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
had	O
a	O
bitemporal	O
flavour	O
,	O
suggesting	O
involvement	O
of	O
the	O
optic	O
chiasm	O
.	O

TREATMENT	O
:	O
Despite	O
stopping	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
on	O
diagnosis	O
,	O
visual	O
function	O
continued	O
to	O
deteriorate	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
.	O

Subsequent	O
improvement	O
was	O
mild	O
in	O
2	O
cases	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
third	O
case	O
,	O
visual	O
acuity	O
and	O
colour	O
vision	O
normalised	O
but	O
the	O
optic	O
discs	O
were	O
pale	O
.	O

OUTCOME	O
:	O
All	O
3	O
patients	O
had	O
some	O
permanent	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
visual	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Ethambutol	B-Chemical
usage	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
permanent	O
visual	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
and	O
should	O
be	O
avoided	O
if	O
possible	O
or	O
used	O
with	O
caution	O
and	O
proper	O
ophthalmological	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

The	O
author	O
postulates	O
that	O
in	O
cases	O
of	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
associated	O
chiasmopathy	O
,	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
may	O
initially	O
affect	O
the	O
optic	O
nerves	O
and	O
subsequently	O
progress	O
to	O
involve	O
the	O
optic	O
chiasm	O
.	O

Possible	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
74	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
depressive	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
hospital	O
due	O
to	O
insomnia	B-Disease
,	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
appetite	I-Disease
,	O
exhaustion	O
,	O
and	O
agitation	B-Disease
.	O

Medical	O
treatment	O
was	O
initiated	O
at	O
a	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
20	O
mg	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
10th	O
day	O
of	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
exhibited	O
marked	O
psychomotor	B-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
,	O
disorientation	O
,	O
and	O
severe	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
with	O
tremors	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
a	O
fever	B-Disease
(	O
38	O
.	O
2	O
degrees	O
C	O
)	O
,	O
fluctuating	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
between	O
165	O
/	O
90	O
and	O
130	O
/	O
70	O
mg	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
severe	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

Laboratory	O
tests	O
showed	O
an	O
elevation	O
of	O
creatine	B-Chemical
phosphokinase	O
(	O
2218	O
IU	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
(	O
134	O
IU	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
alanine	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
(	O
78	O
IU	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
BUN	O
(	O
27	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
levels	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
received	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
to	O
treat	O
his	O
symptoms	O
.	O

7	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
fever	B-Disease
disappeared	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
serum	O
CPK	O
levels	O
were	O
normalized	O
(	O
175	O
IU	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
patient	O
presented	O
with	O
symptoms	O
of	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
NMS	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
thus	O
demonstrating	O
that	O
NMS	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
symptoms	O
can	O
occur	O
after	O
combined	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
score	O
obtained	O
by	O
the	O
Naranjo	O
algorithm	O
was	O
6	O
in	O
our	O
case	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
probable	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
NMS	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
adverse	O
symptoms	O
and	O
the	O
combined	O
treatment	O
used	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
.	O

The	O
involvement	O
of	O
physiologic	O
and	O
environmental	O
aspects	O
specific	O
to	O
this	O
patient	O
was	O
suspected	O
.	O

Several	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
NMS	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
noted	O
in	O
elderly	O
depressive	B-Disease
patients	O
whose	O
symptoms	O
often	O
include	O
dehydration	B-Disease
,	O
agitation	B-Disease
,	O
malnutrition	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
exhaustion	O
.	O

Careful	O
therapeutic	O
intervention	O
is	O
necessary	O
in	O
cases	O
involving	O
elderly	O
patients	O
who	O
suffer	O
from	O
depression	B-Disease
.	O

Down	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
transporter	O
function	O
induced	O
by	O
chronic	O
administration	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
linking	O
to	O
the	O
alteration	O
of	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
local	O
-	O
anesthetics	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
counteraction	O
by	O
co	O
-	O
administration	O
with	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
.	O

Alterations	O
of	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
transporter	O
(	O
NET	O
)	O
function	O
by	O
chronic	O
inhibition	O
of	O
NET	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
sensitization	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
induce	O
by	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Daily	O
administration	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
the	O
NET	O
,	O
for	O
5	O
days	O
decreased	O
[	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
H	O
]	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
uptake	O
in	O
the	O
P2	O
fractions	O
of	O
hippocampus	O
but	O
not	O
cortex	O
,	O
striatum	O
or	O
amygdalae	O
.	O

Co	O
-	O
administration	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
or	O
tricaine	B-Chemical
with	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
reversed	O
this	O
effect	O
.	O

Daily	O
treatment	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
increased	O
[	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
H	O
]	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
uptake	O
into	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

Daily	O
administration	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
appearance	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Co	O
-	O
administration	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
with	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
reversed	O
the	O
changes	O
of	O
convulsive	B-Disease
activity	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
induced	O
by	O
repeated	O
administration	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
down	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
hippocampal	O
NET	O
induced	O
by	O
chronic	O
administration	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
relevant	O
to	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sensitization	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
channels	O
by	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
may	O
regulate	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
down	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
NET	O
function	O
.	O

Repeated	O
administration	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
induces	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
hippocampal	O
NET	O
function	O
.	O

Desipramine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sensitization	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
seizures	B-Disease
may	O
have	O
a	O
mechanism	O
distinct	O
from	O
kindling	O
resulting	O
from	O
repeated	O
administration	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Atorvastatin	B-Chemical
prevented	O
and	O
reversed	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
antioxidant	O
effects	O
of	O
atorvastatin	B-Chemical
(	O
atorva	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
dex	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
60	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
atorva	B-Chemical
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
or	O
tap	O
water	O
for	O
15	O
days	O
.	O

Dex	B-Chemical
increased	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
from	O
109	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
to	O
135	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
mmHg	O
and	O
plasma	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
(	O
5711	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
284	O
.	O
9	O
saline	O
,	O
7931	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
392	O
.	O
8	O
U	O
/	O
ml	O
dex	B-Chemical
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
prevention	O
study	O
,	O
SBP	O
in	O
the	O
atorva	B-Chemical
+	O
dex	B-Chemical
group	O
was	O
increased	O
from	O
115	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
to	O
124	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mmHg	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
dex	B-Chemical
-	O
only	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
'	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Atorva	B-Chemical
reversed	O
dex	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
(	O
129	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
mmHg	O
,	O
vs	O
.	O
135	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
mmHg	O
P	O
'	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
decreased	O
plasma	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
(	O
7931	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
392	O
.	O
8	O
dex	B-Chemical
,	O
1187	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
441	O
.	O
2	O
atorva	B-Chemical
+	O
dex	B-Chemical
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

Plasma	O
nitrate	B-Chemical
/	O
nitrite	B-Chemical
(	O
NOx	O
)	O
was	O
decreased	O
in	O
dex	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
compared	O
to	O
saline	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
08	O
microm	O
,	O
15	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
17	O
microm	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Atorva	B-Chemical
affected	O
neither	O
plasma	O
NOx	O
nor	O
thymus	O
weight	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
atorvastatin	B-Chemical
prevented	O
and	O
reversed	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cytosine	B-Chemical
arabinoside	I-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
myeloid	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cytosine	B-Chemical
arabinoside	I-Chemical
is	O
well	O
recognized	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
cytosine	B-Chemical
arabinoside	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
peripheral	O
nervous	O
system	O
has	O
been	O
infrequently	O
reported	O
.	O

A	O
49	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Japanese	O
man	O
was	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
myeloid	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
he	O
achieved	O
complete	O
remission	O
,	O
he	O
received	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cytosine	B-Chemical
arabinoside	I-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
twice	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
5	O
days	O
;	O
total	O
,	O
20	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
)	O
as	O
consolidation	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
course	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cytosine	B-Chemical
arabinoside	I-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
no	O
unusual	O
symptoms	O
,	O
but	O
on	O
day	O
21	O
of	O
the	O
second	O
course	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
complained	O
of	O
numbness	B-Disease
in	O
his	O
right	O
foot	O
.	O

Electromyogram	O
and	O
nerve	O
-	O
conduction	O
studies	O
showed	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
peroneal	O
nerves	O
.	O

This	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
was	O
gradually	O
resolving	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
patient	O
received	O
allogeneic	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
,	O
the	O
symptoms	O
worsened	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
graft	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
versus	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
host	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
symptoms	O
subsequently	O
responded	O
to	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
are	O
still	O
unclear	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cytosine	B-Chemical
arabinoside	I-Chemical
is	O
a	O
therapy	O
that	O
is	O
potentially	O
toxic	O
to	O
the	O
peripheral	O
nervous	O
system	O
,	O
and	O
auto	O
/	O
alloimmunity	O
may	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
these	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tocopherol	I-Chemical
and	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
on	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
MA	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
increased	O
formation	O
of	O
free	O
radicals	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tocopherol	I-Chemical
(	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TC	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
scavenger	O
of	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
,	O
and	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DFO	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
iron	B-Chemical
chelator	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
MA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Male	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
MA	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
every	O
2	O
h	O
for	O
four	O
injections	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
rat	O
received	O
either	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TC	I-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
intraperitoneally	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
and	O
30	O
min	O
prior	O
to	O
MA	B-Chemical
administration	O
or	O
DFO	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
subcutaneously	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
MA	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

The	O
concentrations	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
and	O
their	O
metabolites	O
decreased	O
significantly	O
after	O
MA	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
inhibited	O
by	O
the	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TC	I-Chemical
and	O
DFO	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
.	O

alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TC	I-Chemical
and	O
DFO	B-Chemical
attenuated	O
the	O
MA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
alterations	O
in	O
the	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

The	O
level	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
was	O
higher	O
and	O
the	O
reduced	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
MA	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

These	O
changes	O
were	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
by	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TC	I-Chemical
and	O
DFO	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
suggests	O
that	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TC	I-Chemical
and	O
DFO	B-Chemical
ameliorate	O
the	O
MA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neuronal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
by	O
decreasing	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Blockade	O
of	O
both	O
D	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
D	O
-	O
2	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
may	O
induce	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

1	O
.	O

The	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
has	O
been	O
tested	O
and	O
the	O
possible	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
subtypes	O
involved	O
in	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
was	O
determined	O
.	O

2	O
.	O

Dopamine	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
fluphenazine	B-Chemical
,	O
D	O
-	O
1	O
antagonist	O
SCH	B-Chemical
23390	I-Chemical
or	O
D	O
-	O
2	O
antagonist	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
fluphenazine	B-Chemical
and	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
was	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
.	O

Combination	O
of	O
SCH	B-Chemical
23390	I-Chemical
with	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
induce	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
potentiation	O
.	O

3	O
.	O

D	O
-	O
1	O
agonist	O
SKF	B-Chemical
38393	I-Chemical
or	O
D	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
quinpirole	B-Chemical
decreased	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
fluphenazine	B-Chemical
,	O
SCH	B-Chemical
23390	I-Chemical
or	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
.	O

4	O
.	O

Combination	O
of	O
SKF	B-Chemical
38393	I-Chemical
with	O
quinpirole	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
cause	O
potentiated	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
on	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
.	O

5	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
may	O
indicate	O
that	O
although	O
D	O
-	O
2	O
receptor	O
blockade	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
D	O
-	O
1	O
receptor	O
may	O
plan	O
a	O
role	O
.	O

Sustained	O
clinical	O
improvement	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
decompensated	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
-	O
related	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
monotherapy	O
.	O

Hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
HBV	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
causes	O
liver	B-Disease
cirrhosis	I-Disease
and	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
,	O
remains	O
a	O
major	O
health	O
problem	O
in	O
Asian	O
countries	O
.	O

Recent	O
development	O
of	O
vaccine	O
for	O
prevention	O
is	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
successful	O
in	O
reducing	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
chronically	O
infected	O
carriers	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
standard	O
medical	O
therapies	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
established	O
up	O
to	O
now	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
report	O
,	O
we	O
encountered	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
decompensated	O
HBV	O
-	O
related	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
who	O
exhibited	O
the	O
dramatic	O
improvements	O
after	O
antiviral	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
a	O
50	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
.	O

Previous	O
conventional	O
medical	O
treatments	O
were	O
not	O
effective	O
for	O
this	O
patient	O
,	O
thus	O
this	O
patient	O
had	O
been	O
referred	O
to	O
our	O
hospital	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
reverse	O
transcriptase	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
for	O
23	O
months	O
dramatically	O
improved	O
her	O
liver	O
severity	O
.	O

During	O
this	O
period	O
,	O
no	O
drug	O
resistant	O
mutant	O
HBV	O
emerged	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
serum	O
HBV	O
-	O
DNA	O
level	O
was	O
continuously	O
suppressed	O
.	O

These	O
virological	O
responses	O
were	O
also	O
maintained	O
even	O
after	O
the	O
antiviral	O
therapy	O
was	O
discontinued	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
both	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
e	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
were	O
observed	O
to	O
have	O
disappeared	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
to	O
patients	O
with	O
HBV	O
-	O
related	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
,	O
like	O
our	O
present	O
case	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
an	O
initial	O
medical	O
therapeutic	O
option	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
countries	O
where	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
is	O
not	O
reliably	O
available	O
.	O

Antiarrhythmic	O
effects	O
of	O
optical	O
isomers	O
of	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
on	O
canine	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

Antiarrhythmic	O
effects	O
of	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
and	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
were	O
examined	O
using	O
two	O
canine	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
models	O
.	O

Digitalis	B-Chemical
arrhythmia	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
suppressed	O
by	O
Na	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
,	O
was	O
induced	O
by	O
intermittent	O
intravenous	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
injection	O
of	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
in	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
-	O
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
.	O

Adrenaline	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
suppressed	O
by	O
Ca	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
,	O
was	O
induced	O
by	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
infusion	O
in	O
halothane	B-Chemical
-	O
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
.	O

Ten	O
and	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
suppressed	O
digitalis	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
minimum	O
effective	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
for	O
digitalis	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
were	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
micrograms	O
/	O
ml	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
lower	O
dose	O
of	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
of	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
suppressed	O
the	O
digitalis	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
was	O
needed	O
to	O
suppress	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
minimum	O
effective	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
for	O
digitalis	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
were	O
0	O
.	O
06	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
micrograms	O
/	O
ml	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
stronger	O
antiarrhythmic	O
effect	O
of	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
indicates	O
that	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
isomer	O
may	O
have	O
an	O
effect	O
nearly	O
5	O
-	O
20	O
times	O
stronger	O
in	O
suppressing	O
Na	B-Chemical
channels	O
,	O
but	O
effects	O
of	O
both	O
drugs	O
on	O
Ca	B-Chemical
channels	O
may	O
be	O
almost	O
equipotent	O
.	O

Passage	O
of	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
brain	O
around	O
gliomas	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
potential	O
cause	O
of	O
rebound	O
phenomenon	O
.	O

A	O
study	O
on	O
21	O
patients	O
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
Widespread	O
use	O
of	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
to	O
reduce	O
brain	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
and	O
lower	O
elevated	B-Disease
ICP	I-Disease
in	O
brain	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
patients	O
continues	O
to	O
be	O
afflicted	O
by	O
the	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
rebound	O
phenomenon	O
.	O

Leakage	O
of	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
brain	O
parenchyma	O
through	O
an	O
altered	O
BBB	O
and	O
secondary	O
reversal	O
of	O
osmotic	O
gradient	O
is	O
considered	O
the	O
major	O
cause	O
of	O
rebound	O
.	O

This	O
has	O
only	O
been	O
demonstrated	O
experimentally	O
in	O
animals	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
contribution	O
to	O
this	O
issue	O
we	O
decided	O
to	O
research	O
the	O
possible	O
passage	O
of	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
brain	O
after	O
administration	O
to	O
21	O
brain	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Mannitol	B-Chemical
(	O
18	O
%	O
solution	O
;	O
1	O
g	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
as	O
a	O
bolus	O
to	O
patients	O
(	O
ten	O
had	O
malignant	B-Disease
glioma	I-Disease
,	O
seven	O
brain	O
metastases	B-Disease
and	O
four	O
meningioma	B-Disease
)	O
about	O
30	O
minutes	O
before	O
craniotomy	O
.	O

During	O
resection	O
,	O
a	O
sample	O
of	O
the	O
surrounding	O
edematous	B-Disease
white	O
matter	O
was	O
taken	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
as	O
a	O
10	O
ml	O
venous	O
blood	O
sample	O
.	O

Mannitol	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
plasma	O
and	O
white	O
matter	O
by	O
a	O
modified	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
enzyme	O
assay	O
of	O
Blonquist	O
et	O
al	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
most	O
glioma	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
in	O
white	O
matter	O
were	O
2	O
to	O
6	O
times	O
higher	O
than	O
in	O
plasma	O
(	O
mean	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
times	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
meningioma	B-Disease
and	O
metastases	B-Disease
patients	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
were	O
higher	O
than	O
white	O
matter	O
concentrations	O
except	O
in	O
three	O
cases	O
with	O
infiltration	O
by	O
neoplastic	O
cells	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
of	O
our	O
study	O
show	O
that	O
even	O
after	O
a	O
single	O
bolus	O
,	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
may	O
leak	O
through	O
the	O
altered	O
BBB	O
near	O
gliomas	B-Disease
,	O
reversing	O
the	O
initial	O
plasma	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
blood	O
osmotic	O
gradient	O
,	O
aggravating	O
peritumoral	O
edema	B-Disease
and	O
promoting	O
rebound	O
of	O
ICP	O
.	O

Placebo	O
-	O
level	O
incidence	O
of	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
(	O
EPS	B-Disease
)	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
in	O
controlled	O
studies	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
bipolar	B-Disease
mania	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
(	O
EPS	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
including	O
akathisia	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
bipolar	B-Disease
mania	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Data	O
were	O
analyzed	O
from	O
four	O
similarly	O
designed	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
3	O
-	O
to	O
12	O
-	O
week	O
studies	O
.	O

Two	O
studies	O
evaluated	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
monotherapy	O
(	O
up	O
to	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
209	O
)	O
versus	O
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
198	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
or	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
monotherapy	O
as	O
respective	O
active	O
controls	O
.	O

Two	O
studies	O
evaluated	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
(	O
up	O
to	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
a	O
mood	O
stabilizer	O
(	O
lithium	B-Chemical
or	O
divalproex	B-Chemical
,	O
QTP	B-Chemical
+	O
Li	B-Chemical
/	O
DVP	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
196	O
)	O
compared	O
to	O
placebo	O
and	O
mood	O
stabilizer	O
(	O
PBO	O
+	O
Li	B-Chemical
/	O
DVP	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
203	O
)	O
.	O

Extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
were	O
evaluated	O
using	O
the	O
Simpson	O
-	O
Angus	O
Scale	O
(	O
SAS	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
Barnes	O
Akathisia	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
(	O
BARS	O
)	O
,	O
adverse	O
event	O
reports	O
and	O
anticholinergic	O
drug	O
usage	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
incidence	O
of	O
EPS	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
adverse	O
events	O
,	O
including	O
akathisia	B-Disease
,	O
was	O
no	O
different	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
monotherapy	O
(	O
12	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
with	O
placebo	O
(	O
13	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
EPS	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
adverse	O
events	O
with	O
QTP	B-Chemical
+	O
Li	B-Chemical
/	O
DVP	B-Chemical
(	O
21	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
no	O
different	O
than	O
with	O
PBO	O
+	O
Li	B-Chemical
/	O
DVP	B-Chemical
(	O
19	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Adverse	O
events	O
related	O
to	O
EPS	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
59	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
99	O
)	O
monotherapy	O
,	O
whereas	O
26	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
98	O
)	O
monotherapy	O
experienced	O
adverse	O
events	O
related	O
to	O
EPS	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
was	O
low	O
and	O
similar	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
monotherapy	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
placebo	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
QTP	B-Chemical
+	O
Li	B-Chemical
/	O
DVP	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
PBO	O
+	O
Li	B-Chemical
/	O
DVP	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
significantly	O
higher	O
incidence	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
of	O
tremor	B-Disease
(	O
18	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
;	O
cerebellar	O
tremor	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
known	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
,	O
may	O
have	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
elevated	O
rate	O
of	O
tremor	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Haloperidol	B-Chemical
induced	O
a	O
significantly	O
higher	O
incidence	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
(	O
33	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
versus	O
5	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
tremor	B-Disease
(	O
30	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
versus	O
7	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
35	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
versus	O
5	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
.	O

No	O
significant	O
differences	O
were	O
observed	O
between	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
on	O
SAS	O
and	O
BARS	O
scores	O
.	O

Anticholinergic	O
use	O
was	O
low	O
and	O
similar	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
or	O
placebo	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
bipolar	B-Disease
mania	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
EPS	B-Disease
,	O
including	O
akathisia	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
with	O
placebo	O
.	O

Is	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
administration	O
safe	O
in	O
a	O
hypothermic	B-Disease
child	O
?	O

A	O
male	O
neonate	O
with	O
a	O
Chiari	B-Disease
malformation	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
leaking	O
myelomeningocoele	O
underwent	O
ventriculoperitoneal	O
shunt	O
insertion	O
followed	O
by	O
repair	O
of	O
myelomeningocoele	O
.	O

During	O
anaesthesia	O
and	O
surgery	O
,	O
he	O
inadvertently	O
became	O
moderately	O
hypothermic	B-Disease
.	O

Intravenous	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
during	O
the	O
later	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
surgery	O
for	O
seizure	B-Disease
prophylaxis	O
.	O

Following	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
acute	O
severe	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
refractory	O
to	O
atropine	B-Chemical
and	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
cardiac	O
depressant	O
actions	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
and	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
additive	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
may	O
lead	O
to	O
an	O
adverse	O
cardiac	O
event	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

As	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
commonly	O
used	O
drug	O
,	O
clinicians	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
interaction	O
.	O

Valproate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
chorea	B-Disease
and	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
in	O
atypical	O
nonketotic	B-Disease
hyperglycinemia	I-Disease
.	O

Nonketotic	B-Disease
hyperglycinemia	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
disorder	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
amino	I-Disease
acid	I-Disease
metabolism	I-Disease
in	O
which	O
a	O
defect	O
in	O
the	O
glycine	B-Chemical
cleavage	O
system	O
leads	O
to	O
an	O
accumulation	O
of	O
glycine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
brain	O
and	O
other	O
body	O
compartments	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
classical	O
form	O
it	O
presents	O
as	O
neonatal	O
apnea	B-Disease
,	O
intractable	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hypotonia	B-Disease
,	O
followed	O
by	O
significant	O
psychomotor	B-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
important	O
subset	O
of	O
children	O
with	O
nonketotic	B-Disease
hyperglycinemia	I-Disease
are	O
atypical	O
variants	O
who	O
present	O
in	O
a	O
heterogeneous	O
manner	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
describes	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
mild	O
language	B-Disease
delay	I-Disease
and	O
mental	B-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
,	O
who	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
nonketotic	B-Disease
hyperglycinemia	I-Disease
following	O
her	O
presentation	O
with	O
acute	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
and	O
chorea	B-Disease
shortly	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
valproate	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Delayed	O
institution	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
during	O
focal	O
cerebral	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
:	O
effect	O
on	O
brain	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
instituted	O
after	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
h	O
delay	O
following	O
middle	B-Disease
cerebral	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
(	O
MCAO	B-Disease
)	O
on	O
brain	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
formation	O
and	O
histochemical	O
injury	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

Under	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
,	O
the	O
MCA	O
of	O
14	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
was	O
occluded	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
was	O
not	O
manipulated	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
MAP	O
was	O
elevated	O
by	O
25	O
-	O
30	O
mm	O
Hg	O
beginning	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
MCAO	B-Disease
.	O

Four	O
hours	O
after	O
MCAO	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
rats	O
were	O
killed	O
and	O
the	O
brains	O
harvested	O
.	O

The	O
brains	O
were	O
sectioned	O
along	O
coronal	O
planes	O
spanning	O
the	O
distribution	O
of	O
ischemia	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
MCAO	B-Disease
.	O

Specific	O
gravity	O
(	O
SG	O
)	O
was	O
determined	O
in	O
the	O
subcortex	O
and	O
in	O
two	O
sites	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
(	O
core	O
and	O
periphery	O
of	O
the	O
ischemic	B-Disease
territory	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
of	O
neuronal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
was	O
determined	O
by	O
2	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
triphenyltetrazolium	I-Chemical
staining	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
ischemic	B-Disease
core	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
difference	O
in	O
SG	O
in	O
the	O
subcortex	O
and	O
cortex	O
in	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
periphery	O
of	O
the	O
ischemic	B-Disease
territory	O
,	O
SG	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
was	O
greater	O
(	O
less	O
edema	B-Disease
accumulation	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
041	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
vs	O
1	O
.	O
039	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
,	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
area	O
of	O
histochemical	O
injury	O
(	O
as	O
a	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
area	O
of	O
the	O
hemisphere	O
)	O
was	O
less	O
in	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
33	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
%	O
vs	O
21	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
instituted	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
MCAO	B-Disease
does	O
not	O
aggravate	O
edema	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
ischemic	B-Disease
core	O
,	O
that	O
it	O
improves	O
edema	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
periphery	O
of	O
the	O
ischemic	B-Disease
territory	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
reduces	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
histochemical	O
neuronal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
pubertal	O
anabolic	O
androgenic	O
steroid	B-Chemical
exposure	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
with	O
low	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
goal	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
interactive	O
effects	O
of	O
chronic	O
anabolic	O
androgenic	O
steroid	B-Chemical
(	O
AAS	O
)	O
exposure	O
and	O
brain	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptamine	I-Chemical
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
)	O
depletion	O
on	O
behavior	O
of	O
pubertal	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Serotonin	B-Chemical
was	O
depleted	O
beginning	O
on	O
postnatal	O
day	O
26	O
with	O
parachlorophenylalanine	B-Chemical
(	O
PCPA	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
every	O
other	O
day	O
)	O
;	O
controls	O
received	O
saline	O
.	O

At	O
puberty	O
(	O
P40	O
)	O
,	O
half	O
the	O
PCPA	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
and	O
half	O
the	O
saline	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
began	O
treatment	O
with	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
(	O
T	B-Chemical
,	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
5	O
days	O
/	O
week	O
)	O
.	O

Behavioral	O
measures	O
included	O
locomotion	O
,	O
irritability	B-Disease
,	O
copulation	O
,	O
partner	O
preference	O
,	O
and	O
aggression	B-Disease
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
aggression	B-Disease
in	O
their	O
home	O
cage	O
,	O
both	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
physical	O
provocation	O
(	O
mild	O
tail	O
pinch	O
)	O
.	O

Brain	O
levels	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
and	O
its	O
metabolite	O
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxyindoleacetic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HIAA	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
were	O
determined	O
using	O
HPLC	O
.	O

PCPA	B-Chemical
significantly	O
and	O
substantially	O
depleted	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HIAA	I-Chemical
in	O
all	O
brain	O
regions	O
examined	O
.	O

Chronic	O
T	B-Chemical
treatment	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HIAA	I-Chemical
in	O
certain	O
brain	O
areas	O
,	O
but	O
to	O
a	O
much	O
lesser	O
extent	O
than	O
PCPA	B-Chemical
.	O

Chronic	O
exposure	O
to	O
PCPA	B-Chemical
alone	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
and	O
increased	O
irritability	B-Disease
but	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
sexual	O
behavior	O
,	O
partner	O
preference	O
,	O
or	O
aggression	B-Disease
.	O

T	B-Chemical
alone	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
locomotion	O
,	O
irritability	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
sexual	O
behavior	O
but	O
increased	O
partner	O
preference	O
and	O
aggression	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
most	O
striking	O
effect	O
of	O
combining	O
T	B-Chemical
+	O
PCPA	B-Chemical
was	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
attack	O
frequency	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
latency	O
to	O
attack	O
,	O
particularly	O
following	O
physical	O
provocation	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
these	O
data	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
speculated	O
that	O
pubertal	O
AAS	O
users	O
with	O
low	O
central	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
especially	O
prone	O
to	O
exhibit	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
UMB24	B-Chemical
and	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
SM	B-Chemical
21	I-Chemical
,	O
putative	O
sigma2	O
-	O
preferring	O
antagonists	O
,	O
on	O
behavioral	O
toxic	O
and	O
stimulant	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Earlier	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
attenuates	O
the	O
convulsive	B-Disease
,	O
lethal	O
,	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
and	O
rewarding	O
actions	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
contribution	O
of	O
sigma2	O
receptors	O
is	O
unclear	O
because	O
experimental	O
tools	O
to	O
selectively	O
target	O
this	O
subtype	O
are	O
unavailable	O
.	O

To	O
begin	O
addressing	O
this	O
need	O
,	O
we	O
characterized	O
UMB24	B-Chemical
(	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenethyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyridyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
piperazine	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
SM	B-Chemical
21	I-Chemical
(	O
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tropanyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chorophenoxy	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
butyrate	I-Chemical
)	O
in	O
receptor	O
binding	O
and	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
.	O

Receptor	O
binding	O
studies	O
confirmed	O
that	O
UMB24	B-Chemical
and	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
SM	B-Chemical
21	I-Chemical
display	O
preferential	O
affinity	O
for	O
sigma2	O
over	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
.	O

In	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
of	O
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
with	O
UMB24	B-Chemical
or	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
SM	B-Chemical
21	I-Chemical
significantly	O
attenuated	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
lethality	O
.	O

When	O
administered	O
alone	O
,	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
SM	B-Chemical
21	I-Chemical
produced	O
no	O
significant	O
effects	O
compared	O
to	O
control	O
injections	O
of	O
saline	O
,	O
but	O
UMB24	B-Chemical
had	O
locomotor	O
depressant	O
actions	O
.	O

Together	O
,	O
the	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
sigma2	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
have	O
the	O
potential	O
to	O
attenuate	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
further	O
development	O
of	O
more	O
selective	O
,	O
high	O
affinity	O
ligands	O
are	O
warranted	O
.	O

Cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
child	O
with	O
cerebral	B-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
undergoing	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
induction	O
of	O
anesthesia	O
after	O
preoperative	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Clonidine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
frequently	O
administered	O
alpha2	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
agonist	O
which	O
can	O
decrease	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
blood	O
pressure	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
child	O
with	O
cerebral	B-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
and	O
seizure	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
,	O
receiving	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
for	O
restlessness	B-Disease
,	O
who	O
presented	O
for	O
placement	O
of	O
a	O
baclofen	B-Chemical
pump	O
.	O

Without	O
the	O
knowledge	O
of	O
the	O
medical	O
personnel	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
mother	O
administered	O
three	O
doses	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
during	O
the	O
evening	O
before	O
and	O
morning	O
of	O
surgery	O
to	O
reduce	O
anxiety	B-Disease
.	O

During	O
induction	O
of	O
anesthesia	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
requiring	O
cardiac	O
resuscitation	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
no	O
previous	O
reports	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
child	O
undergoing	O
induction	O
of	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

Angiotensin	O
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
inhibitor	O
-	O
associated	O
angioedema	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
stomach	O
and	O
small	O
intestine	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
on	O
a	O
45	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
African	O
-	O
American	O
female	O
with	O
newly	O
diagnosed	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
who	O
was	O
started	O
on	O
a	O
combination	O
pill	O
of	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
/	O
benazapril	B-Chemical
10	O
/	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O

The	O
very	O
next	O
day	O
,	O
she	O
presented	O
at	O
the	O
emergency	O
room	O
(	O
ER	O
)	O
with	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
.	O

Physical	O
exam	O
,	O
complete	O
metabolic	O
panel	O
,	O
and	O
hemogram	O
were	O
in	O
the	O
normal	O
range	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
discharged	O
from	O
the	O
ER	O
after	O
a	O
few	O
hours	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
fluid	O
and	O
analgesics	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
she	O
returned	O
to	O
the	O
ER	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
complaints	O
.	O

This	O
time	O
the	O
physical	O
exam	O
was	O
significant	O
for	O
a	O
distended	O
abdomen	O
with	O
dullness	O
to	O
percussion	O
.	O

CT	O
scan	O
of	O
the	O
abdomen	O
revealed	O
markedly	O
thickened	O
antrum	O
of	O
the	O
stomach	O
,	O
duodenum	O
and	O
jejunum	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
fluid	O
in	O
the	O
abdominal	O
and	O
pelvic	O
cavity	O
.	O

Angiotensin	O
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
(	O
ACEI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
angioedema	B-Disease
was	O
suspected	O
,	O
and	O
anti	O
-	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
medications	O
were	O
discontinued	O
.	O

Her	O
symptoms	O
improved	O
within	O
the	O
next	O
24	O
hours	O
,	O
and	O
repeat	O
CT	O
after	O
72	O
hours	O
revealed	O
marked	O
improvement	O
in	O
stomach	O
and	O
small	O
bowel	O
thickening	O
and	O
resolution	O
of	O
ascites	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
recognition	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
and	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
receptor	O
blocker	O
(	O
ARB	O
)	O
intestinal	B-Disease
angioedema	I-Disease
constitutes	O
a	O
challenge	O
to	O
primary	O
care	O
physicians	O
,	O
internists	O
,	O
emergency	O
room	O
personal	O
and	O
surgeons	O
.	O

Carbamazepine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Characterization	O
of	O
two	O
distinct	O
clinical	O
syndromes	O
.	O

A	O
patient	O
with	O
sinus	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
,	O
induced	O
by	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
,	O
prompted	O
an	O
extensive	O
literature	O
review	O
of	O
all	O
previously	O
reported	O
cases	O
.	O

From	O
the	O
analysis	O
of	O
these	O
cases	O
,	O
two	O
distinct	O
forms	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
emerged	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
group	O
developed	O
sinus	B-Disease
tachycardias	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
a	O
massive	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
second	O
group	O
consisted	O
almost	O
exclusively	O
of	O
elderly	O
women	O
who	O
developed	O
potentially	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
bradyarrhythmias	B-Disease
or	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
conduction	I-Disease
delay	I-Disease
,	O
associated	O
with	O
either	O
therapeutic	O
or	O
modestly	O
elevated	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
serum	O
levels	O
.	O

Because	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
is	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
many	O
neurologic	O
and	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
conditions	O
,	O
the	O
recognition	O
of	O
the	O
latter	O
syndrome	O
has	O
important	O
implications	O
for	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

Detection	O
of	O
abnormal	O
cardiac	O
adrenergic	O
neuron	O
activity	O
in	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
with	O
iodine	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
125	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
metaiodobenzylguanidine	I-Chemical
.	O

Radiolabeled	B-Chemical
metaiodobenzylguanidine	I-Chemical
(	O
MIBG	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
analog	O
of	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
NE	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
serves	O
as	O
an	O
index	O
of	O
adrenergic	O
neuron	O
integrity	O
and	O
function	O
.	O

Using	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
tested	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
abnormal	O
cardiac	O
adrenergic	O
neuron	O
activity	O
may	O
appear	O
and	O
be	O
exacerbated	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
in	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
degree	O
of	O
vacuolar	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
cells	I-Disease
was	O
analyzed	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
once	O
a	O
week	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
abnormalities	O
or	O
only	O
isolated	O
degeneration	O
in	O
the	O
1	O
-	O
or	O
2	O
-	O
wk	O
treatment	O
groups	O
,	O
isolated	O
or	O
scattered	O
degeneration	O
in	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
3	O
-	O
wk	O
group	O
,	O
frequent	O
scattered	O
degeneration	O
in	O
the	O
4	O
-	O
wk	O
group	O
,	O
scattered	O
or	O
focal	O
degeneration	O
in	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
wk	O
group	O
,	O
and	O
extensive	O
degeneration	O
in	O
the	O
8	O
-	O
wk	O
group	O
.	O

Myocardial	O
accumulation	O
of	O
[	O
125I	O
]	O
MIBG	B-Chemical
4	O
hr	O
after	O
intravenous	O
injection	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
between	O
the	O
controls	O
and	O
the	O
groups	O
treated	O
3	O
wk	O
or	O
less	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
4	O
-	O
wk	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
slightly	O
lower	O
accumulation	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
ventricular	O
wall	O
(	O
82	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
)	O
and	O
significantly	O
lower	O
accumulation	O
in	O
the	O
left	O
ventricular	O
wall	O
(	O
about	O
66	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
:	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
wk	O
group	O
,	O
MIBG	B-Chemical
accumulation	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
and	O
left	O
ventricular	O
wall	O
was	O
35	O
%	O
and	O
27	O
%	O
of	O
that	O
in	O
controls	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
8	O
-	O
wk	O
group	O
,	O
MIBG	B-Chemical
accumulation	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
and	O
left	O
ventricular	O
wall	O
was	O
18	O
%	O
and	O
14	O
%	O
of	O
that	O
in	O
controls	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
MIBG	B-Chemical
accumulation	O
in	O
the	O
myocardium	O
decreased	O
in	O
an	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

The	O
appearance	O
of	O
impaired	O
cardiac	O
adrenergic	O
neuron	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
slight	O
myocardial	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
(	O
scattered	O
or	O
focal	O
vacuolar	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
)	O
indicates	O
that	O
MIBG	B-Chemical
scintigraphy	O
may	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
method	O
for	O
detection	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Syncope	B-Disease
and	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
among	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
methadone	B-Chemical
for	O
heroin	B-Chemical
dependence	O
in	O
the	O
city	O
of	O
Copenhagen	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Methadone	B-Chemical
is	O
prescribed	O
to	O
heroin	B-Chemical
addicts	O
to	O
decrease	O
illicit	O
opioid	O
use	O
.	O

Prolongation	O
of	O
the	O
QT	O
interval	O
in	O
the	O
ECG	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TdP	B-Disease
)	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
methadone	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

As	O
heroin	B-Chemical
addicts	O
sometimes	O
faint	O
while	O
using	O
illicit	O
drugs	O
,	O
doctors	O
might	O
attribute	O
too	O
many	O
episodes	O
of	O
syncope	B-Disease
to	O
illicit	O
drug	O
use	O
and	O
thereby	O
underestimate	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
TdP	B-Disease
in	O
this	O
special	O
population	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
high	O
mortality	O
in	O
this	O
population	O
may	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
,	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
proarrhythmic	O
effect	O
of	O
methadone	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
study	O
interview	O
,	O
ECGs	O
and	O
blood	O
samples	O
were	O
collected	O
in	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
adult	O
heroin	B-Chemical
addicts	O
treated	O
with	O
methadone	B-Chemical
or	O
buprenorphine	B-Chemical
on	O
a	O
daily	O
basis	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
patients	O
at	O
the	O
Drug	O
Addiction	O
Service	O
in	O
the	O
municipal	O
of	O
Copenhagen	O
,	O
450	O
(	O
approximately	O
52	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
included	O
.	O

The	O
QT	O
interval	O
was	O
estimated	O
from	O
12	O
lead	O
ECGs	O
.	O

All	O
participants	O
were	O
interviewed	O
about	O
any	O
experience	O
of	O
syncope	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
association	O
between	O
opioid	O
dose	O
and	O
QT	O
,	O
and	O
methadone	B-Chemical
dose	O
and	O
reporting	O
of	O
syncope	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
using	O
multivariate	O
linear	O
regression	O
and	O
logistic	O
regression	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Methadone	B-Chemical
dose	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
longer	O
QT	O
interval	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
140	O
ms	O
/	O
mg	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
association	O
between	O
buprenorphine	B-Chemical
and	O
QTc	O
was	O
found	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
subjects	O
treated	O
with	O
methadone	B-Chemical
,	O
28	O
%	O
men	O
and	O
32	O
%	O
women	O
had	O
prolonged	B-Disease
QTc	I-Disease
interval	I-Disease
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
subjects	O
treated	O
with	O
buprenorphine	B-Chemical
had	O
QTc	O
interval	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
440	O
s	O
(	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
50	O
mg	O
higher	O
methadone	B-Chemical
dose	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
times	O
higher	O
odds	O
for	O
syncope	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Methadone	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
and	O
higher	O
reporting	O
of	O
syncope	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
heroin	B-Chemical
addicts	O
.	O

Neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
ziprasidone	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
NMS	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
the	O
rarest	O
and	O
most	O
serious	O
of	O
the	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
movement	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
NMS	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
ziprasidone	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
conventional	O
neuroleptics	O
are	O
more	O
frequently	O
associated	O
with	O
NMS	B-Disease
,	O
atypical	O
antipsychotic	O
drugs	O
like	O
ziprasidone	B-Chemical
may	O
also	O
be	O
a	O
cause	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
is	O
a	O
24	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
who	O
developed	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
NMS	B-Disease
after	O
2	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
an	O
80	O
-	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
dose	O
of	O
orally	O
administrated	O
ziprasidone	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
case	O
is	O
the	O
earliest	O
(	O
second	O
day	O
of	O
treatment	O
)	O
NMS	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
ziprasidone	B-Chemical
reported	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

Peripheral	O
iron	B-Chemical
dextran	I-Chemical
induced	O
degeneration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
dopaminergic	I-Disease
neurons	I-Disease
in	O
rat	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
.	O

Iron	B-Chemical
accumulation	O
is	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

To	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
peripheral	O
iron	B-Chemical
overload	O
and	O
dopaminergic	O
neuron	O
loss	O
in	O
rat	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
(	O
SN	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
we	O
used	O
fast	O
cyclic	O
voltammetry	O
,	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
hydroxylase	O
(	O
TH	O
)	O
immunohistochemistry	O
,	O
Perls	O
'	O
iron	B-Chemical
staining	O
,	O
and	O
high	O
performance	O
liquid	O
chromatography	O
-	O
electrochemical	O
detection	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
degeneration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
dopaminergic	I-Disease
neurons	I-Disease
and	O
increased	O
iron	B-Chemical
content	O
in	O
the	O
SN	O
of	O
iron	B-Chemical
dextran	I-Chemical
overloaded	O
animals	O
.	O

The	O
findings	O
showed	O
that	O
peripheral	O
iron	B-Chemical
dextran	I-Chemical
overload	O
increased	O
the	O
iron	B-Chemical
staining	O
positive	O
cells	O
and	O
reduced	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
TH	O
-	O
immunoreactive	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
SN	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
release	O
and	O
content	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
its	O
metabolites	O
contents	O
were	O
decreased	O
in	O
caudate	O
putamen	O
.	O

Even	O
more	O
dramatic	O
changes	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
chronic	O
overload	O
group	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
peripheral	O
iron	B-Chemical
dextran	I-Chemical
can	O
increase	O
the	O
iron	B-Chemical
level	O
in	O
the	O
SN	O
,	O
where	O
excessive	O
iron	B-Chemical
causes	O
the	O
degeneration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
dopaminergic	I-Disease
neurons	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
chronic	O
iron	B-Chemical
overload	O
may	O
be	O
more	O
destructive	O
to	O
dopaminergic	O
neurons	O
than	O
the	O
acute	O
iron	B-Chemical
overload	O
.	O

Attenuated	O
disruption	O
of	O
prepulse	O
inhibition	O
by	O
dopaminergic	O
stimulation	O
after	O
maternal	O
deprivation	O
and	O
adolescent	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
may	O
include	O
an	O
early	O
neurodevelopmental	O
stress	O
component	O
which	O
increases	O
vulnerability	O
to	O
later	O
stressful	O
life	O
events	O
,	O
in	O
combination	O
leading	O
to	O
overt	O
disease	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
an	O
early	O
stress	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
maternal	O
deprivation	O
,	O
combined	O
with	O
a	O
later	O
stress	O
,	O
simulated	O
by	O
chronic	O
periadolescent	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
on	O
behaviour	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Acute	O
treatment	O
with	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
caused	O
disruption	O
of	O
prepulse	O
inhibition	O
(	O
PPI	O
)	O
in	O
controls	O
and	O
in	O
rats	O
that	O
had	O
undergone	O
either	O
maternal	O
deprivation	O
or	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
surprisingly	O
absent	O
in	O
rats	O
that	O
had	O
undergone	O
the	O
combined	O
early	O
and	O
late	O
stress	O
.	O

Amphetamine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
significantly	O
disrupted	O
PPI	O
in	O
both	O
non	O
-	O
deprived	O
groups	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
absent	O
in	O
both	O
maternally	O
deprived	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
-	O
1A	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
8	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OH	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DPAT	I-Chemical
,	O
induced	O
a	O
significant	O
disruption	O
of	O
PPI	O
in	O
all	O
groups	O
.	O

Amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
was	O
similar	O
in	O
all	O
groups	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
show	O
an	O
inhibitory	O
interaction	O
of	O
early	O
stress	O
,	O
caused	O
by	O
maternal	O
deprivation	O
,	O
combined	O
with	O
'	O
adolescent	O
'	O
stress	O
,	O
simulated	O
by	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
on	O
dopaminergic	O
regulation	O
of	O
PPI	O
.	O

The	O
altered	O
effects	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
and	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
could	O
indicate	O
differential	O
changes	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
signalling	O
leading	O
to	O
functional	O
desensitisation	O
,	O
or	O
altered	O
modulation	O
of	O
sensory	O
gating	O
in	O
the	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
by	O
limbic	O
structures	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

An	O
extremely	O
rare	O
case	O
of	O
delusional	B-Disease
parasitosis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
patient	O
during	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
interferon	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2b	I-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

During	O
treatment	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
patients	O
with	O
interferon	O
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
side	O
effects	O
are	O
described	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
three	O
percent	O
to	O
44	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
develop	O
depression	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
minority	O
of	O
patients	O
evolve	O
to	O
psychosis	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
the	O
best	O
of	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
no	O
cases	O
of	O
psychogenic	B-Disease
parasitosis	I-Disease
occurring	O
during	O
interferon	O
therapy	O
have	O
been	O
described	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
49	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
who	O
developed	O
a	O
delusional	B-Disease
parasitosis	I-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
interferon	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2b	I-Chemical
weekly	O
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
.	O

She	O
complained	O
of	O
seeing	O
parasites	O
and	O
the	O
larvae	O
of	O
fleas	O
in	O
her	O
stools	O
.	O

This	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
confirmed	O
by	O
any	O
technical	O
examination	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
complaints	O
disappeared	O
after	O
stopping	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
interferon	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2b	I-Chemical
and	O
reappeared	O
after	O
restarting	O
it	O
.	O

She	O
had	O
a	O
complete	O
sustained	O
viral	O
response	O
.	O

Hepatonecrosis	B-Disease
and	O
cholangitis	B-Disease
related	O
to	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
an	O
autopsy	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
patients	O
.	O

Phenobarbital	B-Chemical
(	O
PB	B-Chemical
)	O
has	O
a	O
reputation	O
for	O
safety	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
commonly	O
believed	O
that	O
PB	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
increases	O
in	O
serum	O
aminotransferase	O
levels	O
do	O
not	O
indicate	O
or	O
predict	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
significant	O
chronic	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Here	O
we	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
adult	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
long	O
history	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
PB	B-Chemical
who	O
died	O
suddenly	O
:	O
one	O
as	O
consequence	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
other	O
of	O
acute	O
bronchopneumonia	B-Disease
.	O

At	O
autopsy	O
,	O
analysis	O
of	O
liver	O
parenchyma	O
revealed	O
rich	O
portal	O
inflammatory	O
infiltrate	O
,	O
which	O
consisted	O
of	O
mixed	O
eosinophil	O
and	O
monocyte	O
cells	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
several	O
foci	O
of	O
necrosis	B-Disease
surrounded	O
by	O
a	O
hard	O
ring	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
specific	O
granulomatous	O
tissue	O
.	O

Inflammatory	O
reactions	O
of	O
internal	O
and	O
external	O
hepatic	O
biliary	O
ducts	O
were	O
also	O
seen	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
illustrate	O
that	O
PB	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
chronic	O
liver	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
more	O
serious	O
and	O
deleterious	O
consequences	O
.	O

For	O
this	O
reason	O
,	O
each	O
clinician	O
should	O
recognize	O
this	O
entity	O
in	O
the	O
differential	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
PB	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
asymptomatic	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
enzyme	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Delayed	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
with	O
stroke	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
presentation	O
in	O
chemotherapy	O
recipients	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
A	O
transient	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
mimicking	O
cerebrovascular	B-Disease
accident	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
complication	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
,	O
most	O
commonly	O
in	O
recipients	O
of	O
intrathecal	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
for	O
childhood	O
leukaemia	B-Disease
.	O

Recently	O
published	O
neuroimaging	O
data	O
suggest	O
a	O
common	O
pathophysiology	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
agents	O
and	O
modes	O
of	O
administration	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
reviewed	O
the	O
medical	O
literature	O
for	O
single	O
reports	O
and	O
case	O
series	O
of	O
patients	O
presenting	O
with	O
stroke	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
episodes	O
while	O
receiving	O
systemic	O
or	O
intrathecal	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

We	O
only	O
included	O
studies	O
providing	O
detailed	O
neuroimaging	O
data	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
cerebrovascular	B-Disease
accidents	I-Disease
were	O
excluded	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
identified	O
27	O
reports	O
of	O
toxic	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
(	O
intrathecal	O
,	O
systemic	O
)	O
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
and	O
its	O
derivative	O
carmofur	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
capecitabine	B-Chemical
.	O

Diffusion	O
weighted	O
imaging	O
(	O
DWI	O
)	O
of	O
all	O
patients	O
revealed	O
well	O
demarcated	O
hyperintense	O
lesions	B-Disease
within	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
subcortical	I-Disease
white	I-Disease
matter	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
cerebral	O
hemispheres	O
and	O
the	O
corpus	O
callosum	O
,	O
corresponding	O
to	O
areas	O
of	O
decreased	O
proton	O
diffusion	O
on	O
apparent	O
diffusion	O
coefficient	O
(	O
ADC	O
)	O
maps	O
(	O
available	O
in	O
21	O
/	O
27	O
patients	O
)	O
.	O

Lesions	O
exceeded	O
the	O
confines	O
of	O
adjacent	O
vascular	O
territories	O
.	O

Complete	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
within	O
1	O
-	O
4	O
days	O
was	O
accompanied	O
by	O
normalisation	O
of	O
ADC	O
abnormalities	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
fluid	O
attenuated	O
inversion	O
recovery	O
(	O
FLAIR	O
)	O
sequences	O
frequently	O
revealed	O
persistent	O
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Several	O
pathophysiological	O
models	O
of	O
delayed	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
intrathecal	O
or	O
systemic	O
chemotherapy	O
have	O
been	O
proposed	O
.	O

DWI	O
findings	O
in	O
this	O
cohort	O
are	O
indicative	O
of	O
cytotoxic	B-Disease
oedema	I-Disease
within	I-Disease
cerebral	I-Disease
white	I-Disease
matter	I-Disease
and	O
lend	O
support	O
to	O
an	O
at	O
least	O
partially	O
reversible	O
metabolic	O
derangement	O
as	O
the	O
basis	O
for	O
this	O
syndrome	O
.	O

Prenatal	O
exposure	O
to	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
induces	O
fetal	B-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitor	O
antidepressant	O
widely	O
used	O
by	O
pregnant	O
women	O
.	O

Epidemiological	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
prenatally	O
increases	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
persistent	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
newborn	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
responsible	O
for	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
unclear	O
and	O
paradoxical	O
,	O
considering	O
the	O
current	O
evidence	O
of	O
a	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
protective	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
effect	O
in	O
adult	O
rodents	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
effect	O
on	O
fetal	O
rat	O
pulmonary	O
vascular	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
mechanical	O
properties	O
and	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
rate	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Pregnant	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
from	O
Day	O
11	O
through	O
Day	O
21	O
of	O
gestation	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
Fetuses	O
were	O
delivered	O
by	O
cesarean	O
section	O
.	O

As	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
,	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
resulted	O
in	O
fetal	B-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
weight	O
ratio	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
ventricle	O
to	O
the	O
left	O
ventricle	O
plus	O
septum	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
and	O
by	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
pulmonary	O
arterial	O
medial	O
thickness	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Postnatal	O
mortality	O
was	O
increased	O
among	O
experimental	O
animals	O
,	O
and	O
arterial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
saturation	O
was	O
96	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
%	O
in	O
1	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
control	O
animals	O
and	O
significantly	O
lower	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
in	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
pups	O
(	O
79	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
vitro	O
,	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
induced	O
pulmonary	O
arterial	O
muscle	O
contraction	O
in	O
fetal	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
adult	O
,	O
animals	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
and	O
reduced	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
contraction	O
at	O
both	O
ages	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
in	O
utero	O
exposure	O
to	O
a	O
low	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
the	O
pulmonary	O
arterial	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
rate	O
was	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
fetal	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
adult	O
,	O
cells	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
adult	O
,	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
in	O
utero	O
induces	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
fetal	O
rat	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
a	O
developmentally	O
regulated	O
increase	O
in	O
pulmonary	O
vascular	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
proliferation	O
.	O

Disulfiram	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
transient	O
optic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
peripheral	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
optic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
peripheral	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
after	O
chronic	O
use	O
of	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
for	O
alcohol	B-Disease
dependence	I-Disease
management	O
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
presented	O
with	O
gradual	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
vision	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
eyes	O
with	O
intermittent	O
headaches	B-Disease
for	O
2	O
months	O
.	O

He	O
also	O
complained	O
of	O
paraesthesia	B-Disease
with	O
numbness	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
feet	O
.	O

His	O
vision	O
was	O
6	O
/	O
15	O
and	O
2	O
/	O
60	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
and	O
left	O
eyes	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Fundoscopy	O
revealed	O
bilaterally	O
swollen	O
optic	O
nerve	O
heads	O
.	O

Visual	O
field	O
testing	O
confirmed	O
bilateral	O
central	O
-	O
caecal	O
scotomata	B-Disease
.	O

He	O
had	O
been	O
taking	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
for	O
alcohol	B-Disease
dependence	I-Disease
for	O
the	O
preceding	O
3	O
years	O
.	O

Disulfiram	B-Chemical
discontinuation	O
lead	O
to	O
an	O
immediate	O
symptomatic	O
improvement	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Physicians	O
initiating	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
therapy	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
these	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

They	O
should	O
recommend	O
annual	O
ophthalmic	O
reviews	O
with	O
visual	O
field	O
testing	O
.	O

Patients	O
should	O
be	O
reassured	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
the	O
reversibility	O
of	O
these	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

Intraocular	O
pressure	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
uveitis	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
fluocinolone	B-Chemical
acetonide	I-Chemical
implants	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
elevated	B-Disease
intraocular	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
(	O
IOP	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
uveitis	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
the	O
fluocinolone	B-Chemical
acetonide	I-Chemical
(	O
FA	B-Chemical
)	O
intravitreal	O
implant	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Pooled	O
data	O
from	O
3	O
multicenter	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
masked	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
,	O
phase	O
2b	O
/	O
3	O
clinical	O
trials	O
evaluating	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
the	O
0	O
.	O
59	O
-	O
mg	O
or	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
mg	O
FA	B-Chemical
intravitreal	O
implant	O
or	O
standard	O
therapy	O
were	O
analyzed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
During	O
the	O
3	O
-	O
year	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
,	O
71	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
of	O
implanted	O
eyes	O
had	O
an	O
IOP	O
increase	O
of	O
10	O
mm	O
Hg	O
or	O
more	O
than	O
baseline	O
and	O
55	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
24	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
6	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
eyes	O
reached	O
an	O
IOP	O
of	O
30	O
mm	O
Hg	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
40	O
mm	O
Hg	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
and	O
50	O
mm	O
Hg	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Topical	O
IOP	O
-	O
lowering	O
medication	O
was	O
administered	O
in	O
74	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
implanted	O
eyes	O
,	O
and	O
IOP	O
-	O
lowering	O
surgeries	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
which	O
were	O
trabeculectomies	O
(	O
76	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
were	O
performed	O
on	O
36	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
of	O
implanted	O
eyes	O
.	O

Intraocular	O
pressure	O
-	O
lowering	O
surgeries	O
were	O
considered	O
a	O
success	O
(	O
postoperative	O
IOP	O
of	O
6	O
-	O
21	O
mm	O
Hg	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
additional	O
IOP	O
-	O
lowering	O
medication	O
)	O
in	O
85	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
of	O
eyes	O
at	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
rate	O
of	O
hypotony	B-Disease
(	O
IOP	O
<	O
/	O
=	O
5	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
following	O
IOP	O
-	O
lowering	O
surgery	O
(	O
42	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
was	O
not	O
different	O
from	O
that	O
of	O
implanted	O
eyes	O
not	O
subjected	O
to	O
surgery	O
(	O
35	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
09	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Elevated	O
IOP	O
is	O
a	O
significant	O
complication	O
with	O
the	O
FA	O
intravitreal	O
implant	O
but	O
may	O
be	O
controlled	O
with	O
medication	O
and	O
surgery	O
.	O

Myocardial	O
Fas	O
ligand	O
expression	O
increases	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
(	O
DCM	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
occur	O
in	O
many	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
individuals	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
symptomatic	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
up	O
to	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
has	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
of	O
acquired	B-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
AIDS	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
cardiac	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
skeletal	I-Disease
myopathies	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
AND	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
order	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
the	O
HAART	O
component	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
(	O
3	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
azido	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
deoxythymidine	I-Chemical
;	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
triggers	O
the	O
Fas	O
-	O
dependent	O
cell	O
-	O
death	O
pathway	O
and	O
cause	O
cytoskeletal	O
disruption	O
in	O
a	O
murine	O
model	O
of	O
DCM	B-Disease
,	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
-	O
old	O
transgenic	O
(	O
expressing	O
Fas	O
ligand	O
in	O
the	O
myocardium	O
:	O
FasL	O
Tg	O
)	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
transgenic	O
(	O
NTg	O
)	O
mice	O
received	O
water	O
ad	O
libitum	O
containing	O
different	O
concentrations	O
of	O
AZT	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
07	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
6	O
weeks	O
,	O
cardiac	O
function	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
morphology	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
histopathologic	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
methods	O
.	O

NTg	O
and	O
untreated	O
FasL	O
Tg	O
mice	O
showed	O
little	O
or	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
cardiac	O
structure	O
or	O
function	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
FasL	O
Tg	O
mice	O
developed	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dilation	I-Disease
and	O
depressed	O
cardiac	O
function	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
,	O
with	O
concomitant	O
inflammatory	O
infiltration	O
of	O
both	O
ventricles	O
.	O

These	O
changes	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
sarcolemmal	O
expression	O
of	O
Fas	O
and	O
FasL	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
increased	O
activation	O
of	O
caspase	O
3	O
,	O
translocation	O
of	O
calpain	O
1	O
to	O
the	O
sarcolemma	O
and	O
sarcomere	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
numbers	O
of	O
cells	O
undergoing	O
apoptosis	O
.	O

These	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
changes	O
in	O
dystrophin	O
and	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
I	O
localization	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
loss	O
of	O
sarcolemmal	O
integrity	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
expression	O
of	O
Fas	O
ligand	O
in	O
the	O
myocardium	O
,	O
as	O
identified	O
in	O
HIV	O
-	O
positive	O
patients	O
,	O
might	O
increase	O
the	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
HAART	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
activation	O
of	O
apoptotic	O
pathways	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dilation	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Gastrointestinal	O
tolerability	O
of	O
etoricoxib	B-Chemical
in	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
patients	O
:	O
results	O
of	O
the	O
etoricoxib	B-Chemical
vs	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
gastrointestinal	O
tolerability	O
and	O
effectiveness	O
trial	O
(	O
EDGE	O
-	O
II	O
)	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
A	O
randomised	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
gastrointestinal	O
(	O
GI	O
)	O
tolerability	O
,	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
etoricoxib	B-Chemical
and	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
(	O
RA	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
4086	O
patients	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
60	O
.	O
8	O
years	O
)	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
RA	B-Disease
were	O
enrolled	O
and	O
received	O
etoricoxib	B-Chemical
90	O
mg	O
daily	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
2032	O
)	O
or	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
75	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
2054	O
)	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
gastroprotective	O
agents	O
and	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
was	O
allowed	O
.	O

The	O
prespecified	O
primary	O
end	O
point	O
consisted	O
of	O
the	O
cumulative	O
rate	O
of	O
patient	O
discontinuations	O
due	O
to	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
GI	O
adverse	O
experiences	O
(	O
AEs	O
)	O
.	O

General	O
safety	O
was	O
also	O
assessed	O
,	O
including	O
adjudicated	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
cardiovascular	I-Disease
event	O
data	O
.	O

Efficacy	O
was	O
evaluated	O
using	O
the	O
Patient	O
Global	O
Assessment	O
of	O
Disease	O
Status	O
(	O
PGADS	O
;	O
0	O
-	O
4	O
point	O
scale	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Mean	O
(	O
SD	O
;	O
maximum	O
)	O
duration	O
of	O
treatment	O
was	O
19	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
3	O
;	O
32	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
and	O
19	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
33	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
months	O
in	O
the	O
etoricoxib	B-Chemical
and	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
groups	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
cumulative	O
discontinuation	O
rate	O
due	O
to	O
GI	B-Disease
AEs	I-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
with	O
etoricoxib	B-Chemical
than	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
.	O
2	O
vs	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
events	O
per	O
100	O
patient	O
-	O
years	O
,	O
respectively	O
;	O
hazard	O
ratio	O
0	O
.	O
62	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
47	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
81	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
discontinuations	O
for	O
hypertension	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
and	O
oedema	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
AEs	O
were	O
significantly	O
higher	O
with	O
etoricoxib	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
respectively	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
respectively	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
for	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
for	O
oedema	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Etoricoxib	B-Chemical
and	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
treatment	O
resulted	O
in	O
similar	O
efficacy	O
(	O
PGADS	O
mean	O
changes	O
from	O
baseline	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
62	O
vs	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
58	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Etoricoxib	B-Chemical
90	O
mg	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
significantly	O
lower	O
risk	O
for	O
discontinuing	O
treatment	O
due	O
to	O
GI	B-Disease
AEs	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
150	O
mg	O
.	O

Discontinuations	O
from	O
renovascular	O
AEs	O
,	O
although	O
less	O
common	O
than	O
discontinuations	O
from	O
GI	B-Disease
AEs	I-Disease
,	O
were	O
significantly	O
higher	O
with	O
etoricoxib	B-Chemical
.	O

Anxiogenic	O
potential	O
of	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
and	O
norfloxacin	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
The	O
possible	O
anxiogenic	O
effects	O
of	O
fluoroquinolones	B-Chemical
,	O
namely	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
and	O
norfloxacin	B-Chemical
,	O
were	O
investigated	O
in	O
adult	O
Charles	O
Foster	O
albino	O
rats	O
of	O
either	O
sex	O
,	O
weighing	O
150	O
-	O
200	O
g	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
drugs	O
were	O
given	O
orally	O
,	O
in	O
doses	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
five	O
consecutive	O
days	O
and	O
the	O
experiments	O
were	O
performed	O
on	O
the	O
fifth	O
day	O
.	O

The	O
tests	O
included	O
open	O
-	O
field	O
exploratory	O
behaviour	O
,	O
elevated	O
plus	O
maze	O
and	O
elevated	O
zero	O
maze	O
,	O
social	O
interaction	O
and	O
novelty	O
-	O
suppressed	O
feeding	O
latency	O
behaviour	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
norfloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
showed	O
anxious	B-Disease
behaviour	I-Disease
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
control	O
rats	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
parameters	O
studied	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
norfloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
from	O
each	O
other	O
in	O
various	O
behavioural	O
parameters	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
present	O
experimental	O
findings	O
substantiate	O
the	O
clinically	O
observed	O
anxiogenic	O
potential	O
of	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
and	O
norfloxacin	B-Chemical
.	O

Reduction	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
during	O
induction	O
with	O
target	O
-	O
controlled	O
propofol	B-Chemical
and	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Pain	B-Disease
on	O
injection	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
is	O
unpleasant	O
.	O

We	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
propofol	B-Chemical
infusion	O
pain	B-Disease
might	O
be	O
prevented	O
by	O
infusing	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
before	O
starting	O
the	O
propofol	B-Chemical
infusion	O
in	O
a	O
clinical	O
setting	O
where	O
target	O
-	O
controlled	O
infusions	O
(	O
TCI	O
)	O
of	O
both	O
drugs	O
were	O
used	O
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
was	O
performed	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
effect	O
-	O
site	O
concentration	O
(	O
Ce	O
)	O
of	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
to	O
prevent	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
without	O
producing	O
complications	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
128	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
general	O
surgery	O
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
receive	O
normal	O
saline	O
(	O
control	O
)	O
or	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
to	O
a	O
target	O
Ce	O
of	O
2	O
ng	O
ml	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
(	O
R2	O
)	O
,	O
4	O
ng	O
ml	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
(	O
R4	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
6	O
ng	O
ml	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
(	O
R6	O
)	O
administered	O
via	O
TCI	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
target	O
Ce	O
was	O
achieved	O
,	O
the	O
infusion	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
was	O
started	O
.	O

Remifentanil	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
complications	O
were	O
assessed	O
during	O
the	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
propofol	B-Chemical
was	O
evaluated	O
using	O
a	O
four	O
-	O
point	O
scale	O
during	O
the	O
propofol	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
incidence	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
Groups	O
R4	O
and	O
R6	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
and	O
R2	O
groups	O
(	O
12	O
/	O
32	O
and	O
6	O
/	O
31	O
vs	O
26	O
/	O
31	O
and	O
25	O
/	O
32	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
was	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
Groups	O
R4	O
and	O
R6	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
and	O
R2	O
groups	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
both	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
were	O
not	O
different	O
between	O
Groups	O
R4	O
and	O
R6	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
complications	O
were	O
observed	O
during	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
During	O
induction	O
of	O
anaesthesia	O
with	O
TCI	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
and	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
propofol	B-Chemical
infusion	O
pain	B-Disease
was	O
achieved	O
without	O
significant	O
complications	O
by	O
prior	O
administration	O
of	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
target	O
Ce	O
of	O
4	O
ng	O
ml	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

Dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
and	O
cardiac	O
protection	O
for	O
non	O
-	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
:	O
a	O
meta	O
-	O
analysis	O
of	O
randomised	O
controlled	O
trials	O
.	O

We	O
conducted	O
a	O
systematic	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
on	O
cardiac	O
outcomes	O
following	O
non	O
-	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
.	O

We	O
included	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomised	O
peri	O
-	O
operative	O
studies	O
of	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
that	O
reported	O
mortality	O
,	O
cardiac	O
morbidity	O
or	O
adverse	O
drug	O
events	O
.	O

A	O
PubMed	O
Central	O
and	O
EMBASE	O
search	O
was	O
conducted	O
up	O
to	O
July	O
2007	O
.	O

The	O
reference	O
lists	O
of	O
identified	O
papers	O
were	O
examined	O
for	O
further	O
trials	O
.	O

Of	O
425	O
studies	O
identified	O
,	O
20	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
meta	O
-	O
analysis	O
(	O
840	O
patients	O
)	O
.	O

Dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
trend	O
towards	O
improved	O
cardiac	O
outcomes	O
;	O
all	O
-	O
cause	O
mortality	O
(	O
OR	O
0	O
.	O
27	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
13	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
44	O
)	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
fatal	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
0	O
.	O
26	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
60	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
14	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischaemia	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
0	O
.	O
65	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
26	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
63	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
36	O
)	O
.	O

Peri	O
-	O
operative	O
hypotension	B-Disease
(	O
26	O
%	O
,	O
OR	O
3	O
.	O
80	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
91	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
54	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
(	O
17	O
%	O
,	O
OR	O
5	O
.	O
45	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
2	O
.	O
98	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
95	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
00001	O
)	O
were	O
significantly	O
increased	O
.	O

An	O
anticholinergic	O
did	O
not	O
reduce	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
43	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
randomised	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
of	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
is	O
warranted	O
.	O

Myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
pregnancy	O
associated	O
with	O
clomiphene	B-Chemical
citrate	I-Chemical
for	O
ovulation	O
induction	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Clomiphene	B-Chemical
citrate	I-Chemical
(	O
CC	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
commonly	O
prescribed	O
for	O
ovulation	O
induction	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
considered	O
safe	O
,	O
with	O
minimal	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Thromboembolism	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
complication	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
after	O
ovulation	O
induction	O
with	O
CC	B-Chemical
.	O

Spontaneous	O
coronary	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
or	O
thromboembolism	B-Disease
with	O
subsequent	O
clot	O
lysis	O
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
causes	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
MI	B-Disease
)	O
during	O
pregnancy	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
subsequently	O
normal	O
coronary	O
angiogram	O
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
A	O
33	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
week	O
gestation	O
had	O
recently	O
received	O
CC	B-Chemical
for	O
ovulation	O
induction	O
and	O
presented	O
with	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
electrocardiogram	O
showed	O
a	O
lateral	O
and	O
anterior	O
wall	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Cardiac	O
enzymes	O
showed	O
a	O
peak	O
rise	O
in	O
troponin	O
I	O
to	O
9	O
.	O
10	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
.	O

An	O
initial	O
exercise	O
stress	O
test	O
was	O
normal	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
admission	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
at	O
high	O
risk	O
of	O
radiation	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
to	O
the	O
fetus	O
,	O
so	O
a	O
coronary	O
angiogram	O
was	O
postponed	O
until	O
the	O
second	O
trimester	O
.	O

It	O
showed	O
normal	O
coronary	O
vessels	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
documenting	O
a	O
possible	O
association	O
between	O
CC	B-Chemical
and	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Thrombosis	B-Disease
might	O
be	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
hazardous	O
complication	O
of	O
CC	B-Chemical
.	O

Given	O
this	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
complication	O
,	O
appropriate	O
prophylactic	O
measures	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
woman	O
undergoing	O
ovarian	O
stimulation	O
.	O

Reverse	O
or	O
inverted	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
apical	I-Disease
ballooning	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
reverse	O
Takotsubo	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
)	O
in	O
a	O
young	O
woman	O
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Transient	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
apical	I-Disease
ballooning	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
was	O
first	O
described	O
in	O
Japan	O
as	O
"	O
Takotsubo	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
.	O
"	O
This	O
syndrome	O
has	O
been	O
identified	O
in	O
many	O
other	O
countries	O
.	O

Many	O
variations	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
have	O
been	O
recently	O
described	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
the	O
rarest	O
is	O
the	O
reverse	O
type	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
,	O
with	O
hyperdynamic	O
apex	O
and	O
complete	O
akinesia	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
base	O
(	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
the	O
classic	O
apical	B-Disease
ballooning	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
article	O
,	O
we	O
report	O
an	O
interesting	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
young	O
woman	O
who	O
presented	O
with	O
this	O
rare	O
type	O
of	O
reverse	O
apical	B-Disease
ballooning	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
occurring	O
after	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
is	O
followed	O
by	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

Results	O
of	O
a	O
comparative	O
,	O
phase	O
III	O
,	O
12	O
-	O
week	O
,	O
multicenter	O
,	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
assessment	O
of	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
a	O
fixed	O
-	O
dose	O
combination	O
of	O
telmisartan	B-Chemical
and	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
versus	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
monotherapy	O
in	O
Indian	O
adults	O
with	O
stage	O
II	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
fixed	O
-	O
dose	O
combination	O
(	O
FDC	O
)	O
of	O
telmisartan	B-Chemical
40	O
mg	O
+	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
5	O
mg	O
(	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
5	O
-	O
mg	O
monotherapy	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
in	O
adult	O
Indian	O
patients	O
with	O
stage	O
II	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
comparative	O
,	O
Phase	O
III	O
,	O
12	O
-	O
week	O
,	O
multicenter	O
,	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
Indian	O
patients	O
aged	O
18	O
to	O
65	O
years	O
with	O
established	O
stage	O
II	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
oral	O
FDC	O
of	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
or	O
A	O
QD	O
before	O
breakfast	O
for	O
12	O
weeks	O
;	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
the	O
sitting	O
position	O
.	O

Primary	O
efficacy	O
end	O
points	O
were	O
reduction	O
in	O
clinical	O
systolic	O
BP	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
/	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
(	O
DBP	O
)	O
from	O
baseline	O
to	O
study	O
end	O
and	O
number	O
of	O
responders	O
(	O
ie	O
,	O
patients	O
who	O
achieved	O
target	O
SBP	O
/	O
DBP	O
<	O
130	O
/	O
<	O
80	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
at	O
end	O
of	O
study	O
.	O

Tolerability	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
treatment	O
-	O
emergent	O
adverse	O
events	O
,	O
identified	O
using	O
physical	O
examination	O
,	O
laboratory	O
analysis	O
,	O
and	O
electrocardiography	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
210	O
patients	O
were	O
enrolled	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
;	O
203	O
patients	O
(	O
143	O
men	O
,	O
60	O
women	O
)	O
completed	O
the	O
study	O
while	O
7	O
were	O
lost	O
to	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
(	O
4	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
group	O
and	O
3	O
in	O
the	O
A	O
group	O
)	O
and	O
considered	O
with	O
-	O
drawn	O
.	O

At	O
study	O
end	O
,	O
statistically	O
significant	O
percentage	O
reductions	O
from	O
baseline	O
within	O
groups	O
and	O
between	O
groups	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
SBP	O
(	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
[	O
-	O
27	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
]	O
;	O
A	O
[	O
-	O
16	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
]	O
)	O
and	O
DBP	O
(	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
[	O
-	O
20	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
]	O
;	O
A	O
[	O
-	O
13	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
]	O
)	O
(	O
all	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Response	O
rates	O
were	O
87	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
(	O
89	O
/	O
102	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
group	O
and	O
69	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
(	O
70	O
/	O
101	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
A	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
prevalences	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
between	O
the	O
2	O
treatment	O
groups	O
(	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
,	O
16	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
[	O
17	O
/	O
106	O
]	O
;	O
A	O
,	O
15	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
[	O
16	O
/	O
104	O
]	O
)	O
.	O

Peripheral	O
edema	B-Disease
was	O
reported	O
in	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
patients	O
(	O
9	O
/	O
106	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
group	O
compared	O
with	O
13	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
(	O
14	O
/	O
104	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
A	O
group	O
,	O
and	O
cough	B-Disease
was	O
reported	O
in	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
/	O
106	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
group	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
104	O
)	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
A	O
group	O
;	O
these	O
differences	O
did	O
not	O
reach	O
statistical	O
significance	O
.	O

The	O
incidences	O
of	O
headache	B-Disease
,	O
dizziness	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
diarrhea	B-Disease
were	O
similar	O
between	O
the	O
2	O
groups	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Among	O
these	O
Indian	O
patients	O
with	O
stage	O
II	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
FDC	O
of	O
T	O
+	O
A	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
significantly	O
more	O
effective	O
,	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
BP	O
reductions	O
,	O
than	O
A	O
,	O
and	O
both	O
treatments	O
were	O
well	O
tolerated	O
.	O

Increased	O
mental	B-Disease
slowing	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
APOE	O
epsilon4	O
allele	O
after	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
oral	O
anticholinergic	O
challenge	O
in	O
healthy	O
elderly	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
objectives	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
were	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
APOE	O
epsilon4	O
and	O
subjective	O
effects	O
of	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
on	O
measures	O
reflecting	O
sedation	O
and	O
confusion	B-Disease
and	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
subjective	O
effects	O
and	O
objective	O
memory	O
performance	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
comprised	O
24	O
cognitively	O
intact	O
,	O
health	O
elderly	O
adults	O
(	O
12	O
APOE	O
epsilon4	O
carriers	O
)	O
at	O
an	O
outpatient	O
geriatric	O
psychiatry	O
research	O
clinic	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
three	O
-	O
way	O
,	O
crossover	O
experimental	O
design	O
.	O

All	O
participants	O
received	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
or	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
or	O
placebo	O
administered	O
in	O
counterbalanced	O
sequences	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
three	O
consecutive	O
weeks	O
.	O

Bond	O
and	O
Lader	O
'	O
s	O
visual	O
analog	O
scales	O
and	O
alternate	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
Buschke	O
Selective	O
Reminding	O
Test	O
were	O
administered	O
in	O
a	O
repeated	O
measures	O
design	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
5	O
hours	O
postdrug	O
administration	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
-	O
mg	O
oral	O
dose	O
of	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
increased	O
subjective	O
ratings	O
of	O
mental	B-Disease
slowness	I-Disease
in	O
carriers	O
of	O
the	O
APOE	O
epsilon4	O
allele	O
only	O
.	O

Drug	O
effects	O
as	O
determined	O
by	O
difference	O
scores	O
between	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
on	O
ratings	O
of	O
mental	B-Disease
slowness	I-Disease
significantly	O
correlated	O
with	O
total	O
and	O
delayed	O
recall	O
on	O
the	O
Buschke	O
Selective	O
Reminding	O
Test	O
in	O
carriers	O
of	O
the	O
APOE	O
epsilon4	O
allele	O
only	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
no	O
significant	O
effects	O
were	O
found	O
with	O
other	O
visual	O
analog	O
scales	O
reflecting	O
subjective	O
sedation	O
and	O
clear	O
-	O
headedness	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
epsilon4	O
allele	O
in	O
healthy	O
elderly	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
subjective	O
mental	B-Disease
slowing	I-Disease
after	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
anticholinergic	O
challenge	O
.	O

An	O
evaluation	O
of	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
hematology	O
/	O
oncology	O
population	O
.	O

Amikacin	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
commonly	O
used	O
to	O
provide	O
empirical	O
double	O
gram	O
-	O
negative	O
treatment	O
for	O
febrile	B-Disease
neutropenia	I-Disease
and	O
other	O
suspected	O
infections	B-Disease
.	O

Strategies	O
of	O
extended	O
-	O
interval	O
and	O
conventional	O
dosing	O
have	O
been	O
utilized	O
extensively	O
in	O
the	O
general	O
medical	O
population	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
data	O
are	O
lacking	O
to	O
support	O
a	O
dosing	O
strategy	O
in	O
the	O
hematology	O
/	O
oncology	O
population	O
.	O

To	O
evaluate	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
an	O
adult	O
hematology	O
/	O
oncology	O
population	O
,	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
trial	O
was	O
conducted	O
at	O
a	O
university	O
-	O
affiliated	O
medical	O
center	O
.	O

Forty	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
diagnosis	O
consistent	O
with	O
a	O
hematologic	B-Disease
/	I-Disease
oncologic	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
that	O
required	O
treatment	O
with	O
an	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
either	O
conventional	O
or	O
extended	O
-	O
interval	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
occurrence	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
by	O
means	O
of	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
evaluation	O
of	O
efficacy	O
via	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
serum	O
concentrations	O
with	O
respective	O
pathogens	O
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

The	O
occurrence	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
similar	O
between	O
the	O
conventional	O
and	O
extended	O
-	O
interval	O
groups	O
,	O
at	O
10	O
%	O
and	O
5	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
00	O
)	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
conventional	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
positive	O
culture	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
none	O
in	O
the	O
extended	O
-	O
interval	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
occurrence	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
similar	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
dosing	O
regimens	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
distribution	O
of	O
risk	O
factors	O
was	O
variable	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Efficacy	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
assessed	O
.	O

High	O
dose	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
sole	O
sedative	O
for	O
pediatric	O
MRI	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
This	O
large	O
-	O
scale	O
retrospective	O
review	O
evaluates	O
the	O
sedation	O
profile	O
of	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
hemodynamic	O
responses	O
,	O
efficacy	O
and	O
adverse	O
events	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
high	O
dose	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
sole	O
sedative	O
for	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
MRI	O
)	O
studies	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
used	O
at	O
our	O
institution	O
since	O
2005	O
to	O
provide	O
sedation	O
for	O
pediatric	O
radiological	O
imaging	O
studies	O
.	O

Over	O
time	O
,	O
an	O
effective	O
protocol	O
utilizing	O
high	O
dose	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
sole	O
sedative	O
agent	O
has	O
evolved	O
.	O

METHODS	O
/	O
MATERIALS	O
:	O
As	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
ongoing	O
Quality	O
Assurance	O
process	O
,	O
data	O
on	O
all	O
sedations	O
are	O
reviewed	O
monthly	O
and	O
protocols	O
modified	O
as	O
needed	O
.	O

Data	O
were	O
analyzed	O
from	O
all	O
747	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
for	O
MRI	O
sedation	O
from	O
April	O
2005	O
to	O
April	O
2007	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Since	O
2005	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
min	O
loading	O
dose	O
of	O
our	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
protocol	O
increased	O
from	O
2	O
to	O
3	O
microg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
infusion	O
rate	O
increased	O
from	O
1	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
2	O
microg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O
h	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
current	O
sedation	O
protocol	O
progressively	O
increased	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
successful	O
sedation	O
(	O
able	O
to	O
complete	O
the	O
imaging	O
study	O
)	O
when	O
using	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
alone	O
from	O
91	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
to	O
97	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
009	O
)	O
,	O
reducing	O
the	O
requirement	O
for	O
adjuvant	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
sedation	O
failure	O
with	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
alone	O
and	O
decreased	O
the	O
mean	O
recovery	O
time	O
by	O
10	O
min	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
sedation	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
16	O
%	O
incidence	O
of	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
all	O
concomitant	O
mean	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressures	O
were	O
within	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
age	O
-	O
adjusted	O
normal	O
range	O
and	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
saturations	O
were	O
95	O
%	O
or	O
higher	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
in	O
high	O
doses	O
provides	O
adequate	O
sedation	O
for	O
pediatric	O
MRI	O
studies	O
.	O

While	O
use	O
of	O
high	O
dose	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
decreases	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
blood	O
pressure	O
outside	O
the	O
established	O
'	O
awake	O
'	O
norms	O
,	O
this	O
deviation	O
is	O
generally	O
within	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
norms	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
adverse	O
sequelae	O
.	O

Dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
is	O
useful	O
as	O
the	O
sole	O
sedative	O
for	O
pediatric	O
MRI	O
.	O

Hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
in	O
inflammatory	O
arthritis	B-Disease
:	O
A	O
case	O
series	O
from	O
a	O
local	O
surveillance	O
of	O
serious	O
adverse	O
events	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Spontaneous	O
reporting	O
systems	O
for	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reactions	O
(	O
ADRs	O
)	O
are	O
handicapped	O
by	O
under	O
-	O
reporting	O
and	O
limited	O
detail	O
on	O
individual	O
cases	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
an	O
investigation	O
from	O
a	O
local	O
surveillance	O
for	O
serious	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reactions	O
associated	O
with	O
disease	O
modifying	O
anti	O
-	O
rheumatic	O
drugs	O
that	O
was	O
triggered	O
by	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
liver	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
two	O
of	O
our	O
patients	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Serious	O
ADR	O
reports	O
have	O
been	O
solicited	O
from	O
local	O
clinicians	O
by	O
regular	O
postcards	O
over	O
the	O
past	O
seven	O
years	O
.	O

Patients	O
'	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
on	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
and	O
met	O
a	O
definition	O
of	O
a	O
serious	O
ADR	O
,	O
were	O
identified	O
.	O

Two	O
clinicians	O
reviewed	O
structured	O
case	O
reports	O
and	O
assessed	O
causality	O
by	O
consensus	O
and	O
by	O
using	O
a	O
causality	O
assessment	O
instrument	O
.	O

The	O
likely	O
frequency	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
with	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
was	O
estimated	O
by	O
making	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
conservative	O
assumptions	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Ten	O
cases	O
were	O
identified	O
:	O
eight	O
occurred	O
during	O
surveillance	O
.	O

Eight	O
patients	O
were	O
hospitalised	O
,	O
two	O
in	O
hepatic	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
-	O
one	O
died	O
after	O
a	O
liver	O
transplant	O
.	O

All	O
but	O
one	O
event	O
occurred	O
within	O
6	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Seven	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
skin	B-Disease
rash	I-Disease
,	O
three	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
and	O
one	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
were	O
of	O
Black	O
British	O
of	O
African	O
or	O
Caribbean	O
descent	O
.	O

Liver	O
enzymes	O
showed	O
a	O
hepatocellular	O
pattern	O
in	O
four	O
cases	O
and	O
a	O
mixed	O
pattern	O
in	O
six	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
related	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
judged	O
probable	O
or	O
highly	O
probable	O
in	O
8	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
likely	O
frequency	O
of	O
serious	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
with	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
was	O
estimated	O
at	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
treated	O
patients	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Serious	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
be	O
under	O
-	O
appreciated	O
and	O
intensive	O
monitoring	O
and	O
vigilance	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
6	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
is	O
especially	O
important	O
.	O

Complete	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Sinus	B-Disease
node	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
most	O
frequently	O
among	O
the	O
adverse	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
case	O
,	O
complete	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
AV	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
with	O
syncopal	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
developed	O
secondary	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
necessitating	O
permanent	O
pacemaker	O
implantation	O
.	O

Serum	O
lithium	B-Chemical
levels	O
remained	O
under	O
or	O
within	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
range	O
during	O
the	O
syncopal	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
extreme	O
caution	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
mild	O
disturbance	O
of	O
AV	O
conduction	O
.	O

Exaggerated	O
expression	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
mediators	O
in	O
vasoactive	O
intestinal	O
polypeptide	O
knockout	O
(	O
VIP	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CYP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

Vasoactive	O
intestinal	O
polypeptide	O
(	O
VIP	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
immunomodulatory	O
neuropeptide	O
distributed	O
in	O
micturition	O
pathways	O
.	O

VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
exhibit	O
altered	O
bladder	O
function	O
and	O
neurochemical	O
properties	O
in	O
micturition	O
pathways	O
after	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CYP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

Given	O
VIP	O
'	O
s	O
role	O
as	O
an	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
mediator	O
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
would	O
exhibit	O
enhanced	O
inflammatory	O
mediator	O
expression	O
after	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
mouse	O
inflammatory	O
cytokine	O
and	O
receptor	O
RT2	O
profiler	O
array	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
determine	O
regulated	O
transcripts	O
in	O
the	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
of	O
wild	O
type	O
(	O
WT	O
)	O
and	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
CYP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
(	O
150	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
;	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

Four	O
binary	O
comparisons	O
were	O
made	O
:	O
WT	O
control	O
versus	O
CYP	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
,	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
control	O
versus	O
CYP	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
,	O
WT	O
control	O
versus	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
control	O
,	O
and	O
WT	O
with	O
CYP	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
versus	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
with	O
CYP	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
genes	O
presented	O
represent	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
greater	O
than	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
fold	O
change	O
in	O
either	O
direction	O
and	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
the	O
p	O
value	O
is	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
for	O
the	O
comparison	O
being	O
made	O
.	O

Several	O
regulated	O
genes	O
were	O
validated	O
using	O
enzyme	O
-	O
linked	O
immunoassays	O
including	O
IL	O
-	O
1beta	O
and	O
CXCL1	O
.	O

CYP	B-Chemical
treatment	O
significantly	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
increased	O
expression	O
of	O
CXCL1	O
and	O
IL	O
-	O
1beta	O
in	O
the	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
of	O
WT	O
and	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
,	O
but	O
expression	O
in	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
with	O
CYP	B-Chemical
treatment	O
was	O
significantly	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
greater	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
to	O
13	O
-	O
fold	O
increase	O
)	O
than	O
that	O
observed	O
in	O
WT	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
to	O
5	O
-	O
fold	O
increase	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
in	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
with	O
bladder	B-Disease
inflammation	I-Disease
,	O
inflammatory	O
mediators	O
are	O
increased	O
above	O
that	O
observed	O
in	O
WT	O
with	O
CYP	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
shift	O
in	O
balance	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
increased	O
bladder	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
VIP	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
with	O
bladder	B-Disease
inflammation	I-Disease
and	O
altered	O
neurochemical	O
expression	O
in	O
micturition	O
pathways	O
.	O

Debrisoquine	B-Chemical
phenotype	O
and	O
the	O
pharmacokinetics	O
and	O
beta	O
-	O
2	O
receptor	O
pharmacodynamics	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
enantiomers	O
.	O

The	O
metabolism	O
of	O
the	O
cardioselective	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
is	O
under	O
genetic	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
debrisoquine	B-Chemical
/	O
sparteine	B-Chemical
type	O
.	O

The	O
two	O
metabolic	O
phenotypes	O
,	O
extensive	O
(	O
EM	O
)	O
and	O
poor	O
metabolizers	O
(	O
PM	O
)	O
,	O
show	O
different	O
stereoselective	O
metabolism	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
apparently	O
higher	O
beta	O
-	O
1	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonistic	O
potency	O
of	O
racemic	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
in	O
EMs	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
if	O
the	O
latter	O
also	O
applies	O
to	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
2	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonism	O
by	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
drug	O
effect	O
studied	O
was	O
the	O
antagonism	O
by	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
of	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
.	O

By	O
using	O
pharmacokinetic	O
pharmacodynamic	O
modeling	O
the	O
pharmacodynamics	O
of	O
racemic	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
active	O
S	O
-	O
isomer	O
,	O
were	O
quantitated	O
in	O
EMs	O
and	O
PMs	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
IC50	O
values	O
,	O
representing	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
plasma	O
concentrations	O
resulting	O
in	O
half	O
-	O
maximum	O
receptor	O
occupancy	O
.	O

Six	O
EMs	O
received	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
of	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
on	O
two	O
different	O
occasions	O
:	O
1	O
)	O
1	O
hr	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
placebo	O
and	O
2	O
)	O
1	O
hr	O
after	O
150	O
mg	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O

Five	O
PMs	O
were	O
studied	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
protocol	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
a	O
higher	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
dose	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
)	O
on	O
day	O
2	O
.	O

Blood	O
samples	O
for	O
the	O
analysis	O
of	O
plasma	O
potassium	B-Chemical
,	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
,	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
(	O
racemic	O
,	O
R	O
-	O
and	O
S	O
-	O
isomer	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxymetoprolol	I-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
taken	O
at	O
regular	O
time	O
intervals	O
,	O
during	O
8	O
hr	O
after	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
PMs	O
,	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
area	O
under	O
the	O
plasma	O
concentration	O
vs	O
.	O
time	O
curve	O
(	O
+	O
67	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Higher	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
/	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxymetoprolol	I-Chemical
ratios	O
in	O
PMs	O
were	O
predictive	O
for	O
higher	O
R	O
-	O
/	O
S	O
-	O
isomer	O
ratios	O
of	O
unchanged	O
drug	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
difference	O
in	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
potency	O
with	O
higher	O
racemic	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
IC50	O
values	O
in	O
PMs	O
(	O
72	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
ng	O
.	O
ml	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
than	O
EMs	O
(	O
42	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
ng	O
.	O
ml	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

The	O
hemodynamics	O
of	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
vasoactive	O
agents	O
during	O
neuraxial	O
anesthesia	O
for	O
cesarean	O
delivery	O
:	O
findings	O
in	O
six	O
cases	O
.	O

Oxytocin	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
commonly	O
used	O
uterotonic	O
that	O
can	O
cause	O
significant	O
and	O
even	O
fatal	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
when	O
given	O
as	O
a	O
bolus	O
.	O

The	O
resulting	O
hypotension	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
produced	O
by	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
or	O
cardiac	O
output	O
through	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
venous	O
return	O
.	O

Parturients	O
with	O
normal	O
volume	O
status	O
,	O
heart	O
valves	O
and	O
pulmonary	O
vasculature	O
most	O
often	O
respond	O
to	O
this	O
hypotension	B-Disease
with	O
a	O
compensatory	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
stroke	B-Disease
volume	O
.	O

Oxytocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
at	O
cesarean	O
delivery	O
may	O
be	O
incorrectly	O
attributed	O
to	O
blood	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

Pulse	O
power	O
analysis	O
(	O
also	O
called	O
"	O
pulse	O
contour	O
analysis	O
"	O
)	O
of	O
an	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
wave	O
form	O
allows	O
continuous	O
evaluation	O
of	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
and	O
cardiac	O
output	O
in	O
real	O
time	O
,	O
thereby	O
elucidating	O
the	O
causative	O
factors	O
behind	O
changes	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
.	O

Pulse	O
power	O
analysis	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
six	O
cases	O
of	O
cesarean	O
delivery	O
performed	O
under	O
neuraxial	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
response	O
to	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
and	O
a	O
compensatory	O
increase	O
in	O
stroke	B-Disease
volume	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
cardiac	O
output	O
.	O

Pulse	O
power	O
analysis	O
may	O
be	O
helpful	O
in	O
determining	O
the	O
etiology	O
of	O
and	O
treating	O
hypotension	B-Disease
during	O
cesarean	O
delivery	O
under	O
neuraxial	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

Protective	O
effects	O
of	O
antithrombin	O
on	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
antithrombin	O
,	O
a	O
plasma	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
coagulation	O
factors	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrosis	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
an	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
human	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Antithrombin	O
(	O
50	O
or	O
500	O
IU	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
rats	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
immediately	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
antithrombin	O
attenuated	O
the	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hematological	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

Puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
hyperlipidemia	B-Disease
were	O
also	O
suppressed	O
.	O

Histopathological	O
examination	O
revealed	O
severe	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
such	O
as	O
proteinaceous	O
casts	O
in	O
tubuli	O
and	O
tubular	O
expansion	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
of	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
while	O
an	O
improvement	O
of	O
the	O
damage	O
was	O
seen	O
in	O
antithrombin	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
antithrombin	O
treatment	O
markedly	O
suppressed	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
apoptosis	O
of	O
renal	O
tubular	O
epithelial	O
cells	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
renal	O
cytokine	O
content	O
were	O
also	O
decreased	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
thrombin	O
plays	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
antithrombin	O
may	O
be	O
clinically	O
effective	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Unfractionated	B-Chemical
heparin	I-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
(	O
UFH	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
low	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
molecular	I-Chemical
weight	I-Chemical
heparin	I-Chemical
(	O
LMWH	O
)	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
anticoagulant	O
protocols	O
at	O
several	O
institutions	O
to	O
prevent	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
(	O
HIT	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
an	O
adverse	O
immune	O
-	O
mediated	O
reaction	O
to	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
platelet	O
count	O
decreases	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
50	O
%	O
.	O

The	O
frequencies	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
and	O
platelet	O
factor	O
4	O
/	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
reactive	O
antibody	O
(	O
HIT	B-Disease
antibody	O
)	O
positivity	O
in	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
patients	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
are	O
unknown	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
32	O
men	O
and	O
20	O
women	O
underwent	O
living	O
donor	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

We	O
started	O
LMWH	O
(	O
25	O
IU	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
h	O
)	O
on	O
postoperative	O
day	O
(	O
POD	O
)	O
1	O
,	O
switching	O
to	O
UFH	B-Chemical
(	O
5000	O
U	O
/	O
d	O
)	O
on	O
POD	O
2	O
or	O
3	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
of	O
UFH	B-Chemical
was	O
changed	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
activated	O
clotting	O
time	O
level	O
.	O

HIT	B-Disease
antibody	O
levels	O
were	O
measured	O
the	O
day	O
before	O
surgery	O
and	O
on	O
POD	O
7	O
and	O
14	O
.	O

Platelet	O
count	O
was	O
measured	O
daily	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
average	O
platelet	O
counts	O
preoperatively	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
POD	O
7	O
,	O
14	O
,	O
and	O
21	O
were	O
65	O
,	O
88	O
,	O
149	O
,	O
and	O
169	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
hepatic	O
artery	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
on	O
POD	O
11	O
and	O
19	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
although	O
they	O
were	O
HIT	B-Disease
antibody	O
-	O
negative	O
and	O
their	O
platelet	O
counts	O
were	O
stable	O
.	O

In	O
2	O
other	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
platelet	O
count	O
decreased	O
suddenly	O
from	O
107	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
/	O
L	O
on	O
POD	O
4	O
to	O
65	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
/	O
L	O
on	O
POD	O
6	O
and	O
from	O
76	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
/	O
L	O
on	O
POD	O
7	O
to	O
33	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
/	O
L	O
on	O
POD	O
9	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
test	O
was	O
negative	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
percentage	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
antibody	O
-	O
positive	O
patients	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
preoperatively	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
on	O
POD	O
7	O
,	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
on	O
POD	O
14	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
subjects	O
/	O
patients	O
developed	O
UFH	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
HIT	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
our	O
series	O
,	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
was	O
uncommon	O
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
inflammation	B-Disease
and	O
apoptosis	O
are	O
attenuated	O
by	O
gene	O
deletion	O
of	O
the	O
kinin	O
B1	O
receptor	O
.	O

Clinical	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
limited	O
by	O
its	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
attributed	O
to	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
apoptosis	O
.	O

To	O
elucidate	O
the	O
possible	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
kinin	O
B1	O
receptor	O
(	O
B1R	O
)	O
during	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
studied	O
B1R	O
knockout	O
mice	O
(	O
B1R	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
)	O
by	O
investigating	O
cardiac	O
inflammation	B-Disease
and	O
apoptosis	O
after	O
induction	O
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

DOX	B-Chemical
control	O
mice	O
showed	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
measured	O
by	O
pressure	O
-	O
volume	O
loops	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
reduced	O
activation	O
state	O
of	O
AKT	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
an	O
increased	O
bax	O
/	O
bcl2	O
ratio	O
in	O
Western	O
blots	O
,	O
indicating	O
cardiac	B-Disease
apoptosis	I-Disease
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
of	O
the	O
proinflammatory	O
cytokine	O
interleukin	O
6	O
were	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
cardiac	O
tissue	O
.	O

In	O
DOX	B-Chemical
B1R	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
,	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
was	O
improved	O
compared	O
to	O
DOX	B-Chemical
control	O
mice	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
normalization	O
of	O
the	O
bax	O
/	O
bcl	O
-	O
2	O
ratio	O
and	O
interleukin	O
6	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
AKT	O
activation	O
state	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
B1R	O
is	O
detrimental	O
in	O
DOX	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
in	O
that	O
it	O
mediates	O
the	O
inflammatory	O
response	O
and	O
apoptosis	O
.	O

These	O
insights	O
might	O
have	O
useful	O
implications	O
for	O
future	O
studies	O
utilizing	O
B1R	O
antagonists	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
human	O
DOX	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Detailed	O
spectral	O
profile	O
analysis	O
of	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epileptiform	B-Disease
activity	I-Disease
in	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

Penicillin	B-Chemical
model	O
is	O
a	O
widely	O
used	O
experimental	O
model	O
for	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
research	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
we	O
aimed	O
to	O
portray	O
a	O
detailed	O
spectral	O
analysis	O
of	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epileptiform	B-Disease
activity	I-Disease
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
basal	O
brain	O
activity	O
in	O
anesthetized	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
anesthetized	O
with	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
urethane	B-Chemical
and	O
connected	O
to	O
an	O
electrocorticogram	O
setup	O
.	O

After	O
a	O
short	O
period	O
of	O
basal	O
activity	O
recording	O
,	O
epileptic	B-Disease
focus	O
was	O
induced	O
by	O
injecting	O
400IU	O
/	O
2	O
microl	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
G	I-Chemical
potassium	I-Chemical
into	O
the	O
left	O
lateral	O
ventricle	O
while	O
the	O
cortical	O
activity	O
was	O
continuously	O
recorded	O
.	O

Basal	O
activity	O
,	O
latent	O
period	O
and	O
the	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epileptiform	B-Disease
activity	I-Disease
periods	O
were	O
then	O
analyzed	O
using	O
both	O
conventional	O
methods	O
and	O
spectral	O
analysis	O
.	O

Spectral	O
analyses	O
were	O
conducted	O
by	O
dividing	O
the	O
whole	O
spectrum	O
into	O
different	O
frequency	O
bands	O
including	O
delta	O
,	O
theta	O
(	O
slow	O
and	O
fast	O
)	O
,	O
alpha	O
-	O
sigma	O
,	O
beta	O
(	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
)	O
and	O
gamma	O
(	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
)	O
bands	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
most	O
affected	O
frequency	O
bands	O
were	O
delta	O
,	O
theta	O
,	O
beta	O
-	O
2	O
and	O
gamma	O
-	O
2	O
bands	O
during	O
the	O
epileptiform	B-Disease
activity	I-Disease
and	O
there	O
were	O
marked	O
differences	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
spectral	O
densities	O
between	O
three	O
investigated	O
episodes	O
(	O
basal	O
activity	O
,	O
latent	O
period	O
and	O
epileptiform	B-Disease
activity	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
may	O
help	O
to	O
analyze	O
novel	O
data	O
obtained	O
using	O
similar	O
experimental	O
models	O
and	O
the	O
simple	O
analysis	O
method	O
described	O
here	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
similar	O
studies	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
basic	O
neuronal	O
mechanism	O
of	O
this	O
or	O
other	O
types	O
of	O
experimental	O
epilepsies	B-Disease
.	O

High	O
fat	B-Chemical
diet	O
-	O
fed	O
obese	B-Disease
rats	O
are	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
to	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Often	O
,	O
chemotherapy	O
by	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
Adriamycin	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
limited	O
due	O
to	O
life	O
threatening	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
during	O
and	O
posttherapy	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
moderate	O
diet	O
restriction	O
remarkably	O
protects	O
against	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
cardioprotection	O
is	O
accompanied	O
by	O
decreased	O
cardiac	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
triglycerides	B-Chemical
and	O
increased	O
cardiac	O
fatty	O
-	O
acid	O
oxidation	O
,	O
ATP	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
,	O
and	O
upregulated	O
JAK	O
/	O
STAT3	O
pathway	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
whether	O
a	O
physiological	O
intervention	O
by	O
feeding	O
40	O
%	O
high	O
fat	B-Chemical
diet	O
(	O
HFD	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
induces	O
obesity	B-Disease
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
(	O
250	O
-	O
275	O
g	O
)	O
,	O
sensitizes	O
to	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
LD	O
(	O
10	O
)	O
dose	O
(	O
8	O
mg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
/	O
kg	O
,	O
ip	O
)	O
administered	O
on	O
day	O
43	O
of	O
the	O
HFD	O
feeding	O
regimen	O
led	O
to	O
higher	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
,	O
and	O
80	O
%	O
mortality	O
in	O
the	O
obese	B-Disease
(	O
OB	B-Disease
)	O
rats	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
any	O
significant	O
renal	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
toxicokinetics	O
studies	O
revealed	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
accumulation	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
doxorubicinol	B-Chemical
(	O
toxic	O
metabolite	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
normal	O
diet	O
-	O
fed	O
(	O
ND	O
)	O
and	O
OB	B-Disease
hearts	O
.	O

Mechanistic	O
studies	O
revealed	O
that	O
OB	B-Disease
rats	O
are	O
sensitized	O
due	O
to	O
:	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
higher	O
oxyradical	O
stress	O
leading	O
to	O
upregulation	O
of	O
uncoupling	O
proteins	O
2	O
and	O
3	O
,	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
downregulation	O
of	O
cardiac	O
peroxisome	O
proliferators	O
activated	O
receptor	O
-	O
alpha	O
,	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
decreased	O
plasma	O
adiponectin	O
levels	O
,	O
(	O
4	O
)	O
decreased	O
cardiac	O
fatty	O
-	O
acid	O
oxidation	O
(	O
666	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
14	O
.	O
0	O
nmol	O
/	O
min	O
/	O
g	O
heart	O
in	O
ND	O
versus	O
400	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
.	O
8	O
nmol	O
/	O
min	O
/	O
g	O
heart	O
in	O
OB	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
(	O
5	O
)	O
decreased	O
mitochondrial	O
AMP	B-Chemical
-	O
alpha2	O
protein	O
kinase	O
,	O
and	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
86	O
%	O
drop	O
in	O
cardiac	O
ATP	B-Chemical
levels	O
accompanied	O
by	O
decreased	O
ATP	B-Chemical
/	O
ADP	B-Chemical
ratio	O
after	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Decreased	O
cardiac	O
erythropoietin	O
and	O
increased	O
SOCS3	O
further	O
downregulated	O
the	O
cardioprotective	O
JAK	O
/	O
STAT3	O
pathway	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
HFD	O
-	O
induced	O
obese	B-Disease
rats	O
are	O
highly	O
sensitized	O
to	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
by	O
substantially	O
downregulating	O
cardiac	O
mitochondrial	O
ATP	B-Chemical
generation	O
,	O
increasing	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
downregulating	O
the	O
JAK	O
/	O
STAT3	O
pathway	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
induces	O
primary	O
loss	O
of	O
dystrophin	O
in	O
rat	O
hearts	O
:	O
correlation	O
with	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
is	O
unknown	O
,	O
but	O
a	O
mismatch	O
of	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
supply	O
vs	O
.	O
demand	O
following	O
coronary	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
myocardial	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
is	O
the	O
best	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
complex	O
morphological	O
alterations	O
observed	O
.	O

Severe	O
alterations	O
in	O
the	O
structural	O
integrity	O
of	O
the	O
sarcolemma	O
of	O
cardiomyocytes	O
have	O
been	O
demonstrated	O
to	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
.	O

Taking	O
into	O
account	O
that	O
the	O
sarcolemmal	O
integrity	O
is	O
stabilized	O
by	O
the	O
dystrophin	O
-	O
glycoprotein	O
complex	O
(	O
DGC	O
)	O
that	O
connects	O
actin	O
and	O
laminin	O
in	O
contractile	O
machinery	O
and	O
extracellular	O
matrix	O
and	O
by	O
integrins	O
,	O
this	O
study	O
tests	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
affects	O
sarcolemmal	O
stability	O
through	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
DGC	O
and	O
integrins	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
different	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
the	O
DGC	O
and	O
integrin	O
to	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
.	O

Immunofluorescent	O
staining	O
revealed	O
that	O
dystrophin	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
sensitive	O
among	O
the	O
structures	O
connecting	O
the	O
actin	O
in	O
the	O
cardiomyocyte	O
cytoskeleton	O
and	O
the	O
extracellular	O
matrix	O
.	O

The	O
sarcomeric	O
actin	O
dissolution	O
occurred	O
after	O
the	O
reduction	O
or	O
loss	O
of	O
dystrophin	O
.	O

Subsequently	O
,	O
after	O
lysis	O
of	O
myofilaments	O
,	O
gamma	O
-	O
sarcoglycan	O
,	O
beta	O
-	O
dystroglycan	O
,	O
beta1	O
-	O
integrin	O
,	O
and	O
laminin	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
expressions	O
were	O
reduced	O
followed	O
by	O
their	O
breakdown	O
,	O
as	O
epiphenomena	O
of	O
the	O
myocytolytic	O
process	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
administration	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
to	O
rats	O
results	O
in	O
primary	O
loss	O
of	O
dystrophin	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
sensitive	O
among	O
the	O
structural	O
proteins	O
that	O
form	O
the	O
DGC	O
that	O
connects	O
the	O
extracellular	O
matrix	O
and	O
the	O
cytoskeleton	O
in	O
cardiomyocyte	O
.	O

These	O
changes	O
,	O
related	O
to	O
ischaemic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
explain	O
the	O
severe	O
alterations	O
in	O
the	O
structural	O
integrity	O
of	O
the	O
sarcolemma	O
of	O
cardiomyocytes	O
and	O
hence	O
severe	O
and	O
irreversible	O
injury	O
induced	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
.	O

Etiologic	O
factors	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
liver	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

Within	O
the	O
last	O
several	O
years	O
,	O
previously	O
rare	O
liver	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
seen	O
in	O
young	O
women	O
using	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
steroids	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
Registry	O
for	O
Liver	B-Disease
Tumors	I-Disease
Associated	O
with	O
Oral	B-Chemical
Contraceptives	I-Chemical
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
California	O
,	O
Irvine	O
,	O
has	O
clearly	O
identified	O
27	O
cases	O
.	O

The	O
recent	O
literature	O
contains	O
44	O
case	O
reports	O
.	O

Common	O
to	O
these	O
71	O
cases	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
histopathologic	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
focal	B-Disease
nodular	I-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
,	O
adenoma	B-Disease
,	O
hamartoma	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hepatoma	B-Disease
.	O

Significant	O
statistical	O
etiologic	O
factors	O
include	O
prolonged	O
uninterrupted	O
usage	O
of	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
steroids	B-Chemical
.	O

Eight	O
deaths	O
and	O
liver	O
rupture	B-Disease
in	O
18	O
patients	O
attest	O
to	O
the	O
seriousness	O
of	O
this	O
new	O
potentially	O
lethal	O
adverse	O
phenomenon	O
.	O

Ifosfamide	B-Chemical
continuous	O
infusion	O
without	O
mesna	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
phase	O
I	O
trial	O
of	O
a	O
14	O
-	O
day	O
cycle	O
.	O

Twenty	O
patients	O
received	O
27	O
courses	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
administered	O
as	O
a	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
for	O
14	O
days	O
without	O
Mesna	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
goal	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
deliver	O
a	O
dose	O
rate	O
and	O
total	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
that	O
would	O
be	O
comparable	O
to	O
standard	O
bolus	O
or	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
infusions	O
administered	O
with	O
Mesna	B-Chemical
.	O

Dose	O
escalations	O
proceeded	O
from	O
200	O
to	O
300	O
,	O
400	O
,	O
450	O
,	O
500	O
,	O
and	O
550	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
.	O

Four	O
patients	O
developed	O
transient	O
microscopic	O
hematuria	B-Disease
at	O
400	O
,	O
450	O
,	O
and	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
instances	O
of	O
macroscopic	O
hematuria	B-Disease
.	O

At	O
550	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
,	O
three	O
patients	O
experienced	O
nonurologic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
;	O
confusion	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Grade	O
2	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
recommended	O
dose	O
of	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
delivers	O
a	O
total	O
dose	O
of	O
7	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
per	O
cycle	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
comparable	O
to	O
that	O
delivered	O
in	O
clinical	O
practice	O
for	O
bolus	O
or	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
infusion	O
.	O

Because	O
few	O
patients	O
received	O
multiple	O
courses	O
over	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
cumulative	O
effects	O
are	O
indeterminate	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
trial	O
.	O

The	O
frequency	O
and	O
predictability	O
of	O
hematuria	B-Disease
are	O
not	O
precise	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
least	O
daily	O
monitoring	O
by	O
urine	O
Hematest	O
is	O
essential	O
,	O
adding	O
Mesna	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
infusate	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
persistent	O
hematuria	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
protracted	O
infusion	O
schedule	O
for	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
permits	O
convenient	O
outpatient	O
administration	O
without	O
Mesna	B-Chemical
and	O
reduces	O
the	O
drug	O
cost	O
of	O
clinical	O
usage	O
of	O
this	O
agent	O
by	O
up	O
to	O
890	O
per	O
cycle	O
.	O

Clinical	O
activity	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
a	O
single	O
patient	O
,	O
but	O
a	O
comparative	O
trial	O
of	O
standard	O
bolus	O
schedules	O
with	O
the	O
protracted	O
infusion	O
schedule	O
will	O
be	O
necessary	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
the	O
clinical	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
is	O
maintained	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
.	O

Suboptimal	O
seizure	B-Disease
duration	O
is	O
commonly	O
encountered	O
in	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
practice	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
with	O
higher	O
seizure	B-Disease
thresholds	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
is	O
commonly	O
used	O
to	O
improve	O
seizure	B-Disease
duration	O
and	O
quality	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
and	O
is	O
generally	O
well	O
tolerated	O
aside	O
from	O
occasional	O
reports	O
of	O
relatively	O
benign	O
ventricular	B-Disease
ectopy	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
no	O
previous	O
history	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
or	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
who	O
developed	O
sustained	O
bigeminy	O
and	O
2	O
brief	O
runs	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
after	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Although	O
intravenous	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
is	O
generally	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
the	O
clinician	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
potential	O
for	O
unpredictable	O
and	O
serious	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

Fatal	O
haemopericardium	B-Disease
and	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
possible	O
interaction	O
of	O
cranberry	O
juice	O
with	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
fatal	O
internal	O
haemorrhage	B-Disease
in	O
an	O
elderly	O
man	O
who	O
consumed	O
only	O
cranberry	O
juice	O
for	O
two	O
weeks	O
while	O
maintaining	O
his	O
usual	O
dosage	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
propose	O
that	O
naturally	O
occurring	O
compounds	O
such	O
as	O
flavonoids	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
are	O
present	O
in	O
fruit	O
juices	O
,	O
may	O
increase	O
the	O
potency	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
by	O
competing	O
for	O
the	O
enzymes	O
that	O
normally	O
inactivate	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
.	O

While	O
traditionally	O
regarded	O
as	O
foodstuffs	O
,	O
consumption	O
of	O
fruit	O
juices	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
when	O
patients	O
develop	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reactions	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
increasing	O
intraperitoneal	O
infusion	O
rates	O
on	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
It	O
is	O
not	O
known	O
if	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
relationship	O
between	O
input	O
rate	O
and	O
incidence	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
is	O
important	O
,	O
since	O
different	O
controlled	O
release	O
formulations	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
release	O
the	O
active	O
drug	O
at	O
different	O
rates	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
investigated	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
varying	O
the	O
intraperitoneal	O
infusion	O
rates	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
120	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
a	O
known	O
convulsive	B-Disease
dose	O
50	O
(	O
CD50	O
)	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
Swiss	O
albino	O
mice	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
69	O
mice	O
,	O
approximately	O
7	O
weeks	O
of	O
age	O
,	O
and	O
weighing	O
21	O
.	O
0	O
to	O
29	O
.	O
1	O
g	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
120	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
treatment	O
by	O
intraperitoneal	O
(	O
IP	O
)	O
administration	O
in	O
7	O
groups	O
(	O
9	O
to	O
10	O
animals	O
per	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

Bupropion	B-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
was	O
infused	O
through	O
a	O
surgically	O
implanted	O
IP	O
dosing	O
catheter	O
with	O
infusions	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
of	O
0	O
min	O
,	O
15	O
min	O
,	O
30	O
min	O
,	O
60	O
min	O
,	O
90	O
min	O
,	O
120	O
min	O
,	O
and	O
240	O
min	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
,	O
time	O
of	O
onset	O
,	O
duration	O
and	O
the	O
intensity	O
of	O
the	O
convulsions	B-Disease
or	O
absence	O
of	O
convulsions	B-Disease
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
showed	O
that	O
IP	O
administration	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
120	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
by	O
bolus	O
injection	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
in	O
6	O
out	O
of	O
10	O
mice	O
(	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
convulsing	O
mice	O
)	O
in	O
group	O
1	O
.	O

Logistic	O
regression	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
that	O
infusion	O
time	O
was	O
significant	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0004	O
;	O
odds	O
ratio	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
974	O
)	O
and	O
increasing	O
the	O
IP	O
infusion	O
time	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
120	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
91	O
%	O
reduced	O
odds	O
of	O
convulsions	B-Disease
at	O
infusion	O
times	O
of	O
15	O
to	O
90	O
min	O
compared	O
to	O
bolus	O
injection	O
.	O

Further	O
increase	O
in	O
infusion	O
time	O
resulted	O
in	O
further	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
odds	O
of	O
convulsions	B-Disease
to	O
99	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
reduction	O
at	O
240	O
min	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
demonstration	O
of	O
an	O
inverse	O
relationship	O
between	O
infusion	O
time	O
of	O
a	O
fixed	O
and	O
convulsive	B-Disease
dose	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
convulsions	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
prospective	O
study	O
is	O
novel	O
.	O

Graft	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
versus	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
host	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
prophylaxis	O
with	O
everolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
sinusoidal	B-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
microangiopathy	B-Disease
:	O
results	O
of	O
the	O
EVTAC	O
trial	O
.	O

A	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
combined	O
with	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
standard	O
prophylaxis	O
for	O
graft	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
versus	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
host	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
GVHD	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
allogeneic	O
hematopoietic	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplantation	O
(	O
HSCT	O
)	O
.	O

Everolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
derivative	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
seems	O
to	O
mediate	O
antileukemia	O
effects	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
everolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
24	O
patients	O
(	O
median	O
age	O
,	O
62	O
years	O
)	O
with	O
either	O
myelodysplastic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
MDS	B-Disease
;	O
n	O
=	O
17	O
)	O
or	O
acute	B-Disease
myeloid	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
(	O
AML	B-Disease
;	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
undergoing	O
intensive	O
conditioning	O
followed	O
by	O
HSCT	O
from	O
related	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
or	O
unrelated	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
20	O
)	O
donors	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
engrafted	O
,	O
and	O
only	O
1	O
patient	O
experienced	O
grade	O
IV	O
mucositis	B-Disease
.	O

Nine	O
patients	O
(	O
37	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
acute	O
grade	O
II	O
-	O
IV	O
GVHD	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
11	O
of	O
17	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
(	O
64	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
chronic	O
extensive	O
GVHD	B-Disease
.	O

Transplantation	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
associated	I-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
(	O
TMA	B-Disease
)	O
occurred	O
in	O
7	O
patients	O
(	O
29	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
study	O
was	O
terminated	O
prematurely	O
because	O
an	O
additional	O
6	O
patients	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
sinusoidal	B-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
SOS	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
fatal	O
in	O
2	O
cases	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
26	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
2	O
-	O
year	O
overall	O
survival	O
rate	O
was	O
47	O
%	O
.	O

Although	O
this	O
new	O
combination	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
effective	O
as	O
a	O
prophylactic	O
regimen	O
for	O
acute	O
GVHD	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
TMA	B-Disease
and	O
SOS	B-Disease
is	O
considerably	O
higher	O
than	O
seen	O
with	O
other	O
regimens	O
.	O

Longitudinal	O
assessment	O
of	O
air	O
conduction	O
audiograms	O
in	O
a	O
phase	O
III	O
clinical	O
trial	O
of	O
difluoromethylornithine	B-Chemical
and	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
for	O
prevention	O
of	O
sporadic	O
colorectal	B-Disease
adenomas	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
phase	O
III	O
clinical	O
trial	O
assessed	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
adenomatous	B-Disease
polyps	I-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
for	O
36	O
months	O
with	O
difluoromethylornithine	B-Chemical
(	O
DFMO	B-Chemical
)	O
plus	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
or	O
matched	O
placebos	O
.	O

Temporary	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
known	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
DFMO	B-Chemical
,	O
thus	O
a	O
comprehensive	O
approach	O
was	O
developed	O
to	O
analyze	O
serial	O
air	O
conduction	O
audiograms	O
.	O

The	O
generalized	O
estimating	O
equation	O
method	O
estimated	O
the	O
mean	O
difference	O
between	O
treatment	O
arms	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
change	O
in	O
air	O
conduction	O
pure	O
tone	O
thresholds	O
while	O
accounting	O
for	O
within	O
-	O
subject	O
correlation	O
due	O
to	O
repeated	O
measurements	O
at	O
frequencies	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
290	O
subjects	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
an	O
average	O
difference	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
dB	O
between	O
subjects	O
treated	O
with	O
DFMO	B-Chemical
plus	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
those	O
treated	O
with	O
placebo	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
64	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
63	O
dB	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
39	O
)	O
,	O
adjusted	O
for	O
baseline	O
values	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
and	O
frequencies	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
normal	O
speech	O
range	O
of	O
500	O
to	O
3	O
,	O
000	O
Hz	O
,	O
an	O
estimated	O
difference	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
99	O
dB	O
(	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
14	O
dB	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
09	O
)	O
was	O
detected	O
.	O

Dose	O
intensity	O
did	O
not	O
add	O
information	O
to	O
models	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
14	O
of	O
151	O
(	O
9	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
DFMO	B-Chemical
plus	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
group	O
and	O
4	O
of	O
139	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
who	O
experienced	O
at	O
least	O
15	O
dB	O
hearing	O
reduction	O
from	O
baseline	O
in	O
2	O
or	O
more	O
consecutive	O
frequencies	O
across	O
the	O
entire	O
range	O
tested	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

Follow	O
-	O
up	O
air	O
conduction	O
done	O
at	O
least	O
6	O
months	O
after	O
end	O
of	O
treatment	O
showed	O
an	O
adjusted	O
mean	O
difference	O
in	O
hearing	O
thresholds	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
08	O
dB	O
(	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
81	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
96	O
dB	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
26	O
)	O
between	O
treatment	O
arms	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
proportion	O
of	O
subjects	O
in	O
the	O
DFMO	B-Chemical
plus	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
group	O
who	O
experienced	O
clinically	O
significant	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
estimated	O
attributable	O
risk	O
of	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
from	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
is	O
8	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
to	O
18	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
12	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
<	O
2	O
dB	O
difference	O
in	O
mean	O
threshold	O
for	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
DFMO	B-Chemical
plus	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
those	O
treated	O
with	O
placebo	O
.	O

Proteinase	O
3	O
-	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
antibody	O
-	O
(	O
PR3	O
-	O
ANCA	O
)	O
positive	O
necrotizing	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
after	O
restarting	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

A	O
59	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
ulcerative	B-Disease
colitis	I-Disease
developed	O
red	B-Disease
eyes	I-Disease
,	O
pleural	B-Disease
effusion	I-Disease
,	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
and	O
urinary	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
after	O
restarting	O
of	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Light	O
microscopy	O
of	O
a	O
kidney	O
biopsy	O
revealed	O
segmental	B-Disease
necrotizing	I-Disease
glomerulonephritis	I-Disease
without	O
deposition	O
of	O
immunoglobulin	O
or	O
complement	O
.	O

Proteinase	O
3	O
-	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
antibody	O
(	O
PR3	O
-	O
ANCA	O
)	O
titer	O
was	O
elevated	O
at	O
183	O
ELISA	O
units	O
(	O
EU	O
)	O
in	O
sera	O
(	O
normal	O
range	O
less	O
than	O
10	O
EU	O
)	O
,	O
myeloperoxidase	O
-	O
ANCA	O
was	O
negative	O
.	O

PR3	O
-	O
ANCA	O
titer	O
was	O
250	O
and	O
1	O
,	O
070	O
EU	O
in	O
pleural	B-Disease
effusions	I-Disease
on	O
right	O
and	O
left	O
side	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Although	O
cessation	O
of	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
resulted	O
in	O
improvements	O
in	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
red	B-Disease
eyes	I-Disease
,	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
titer	O
of	O
C	O
-	O
reactive	O
protein	O
and	O
volume	O
of	O
the	O
pleural	B-Disease
effusions	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
initiated	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
because	O
PR3	O
-	O
ANCA	O
titer	O
rose	O
to	O
320	O
EU	O
,	O
eosinophil	O
count	O
increased	O
to	O
1	O
,	O
100	O
cells	O
/	O
microl	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
pleural	B-Disease
effusion	I-Disease
remained	O
.	O

One	O
month	O
after	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
the	O
pleural	B-Disease
effusion	I-Disease
disappeared	O
,	O
and	O
PR3	O
-	O
ANCA	O
titer	O
normalized	O
3	O
months	O
later	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
suggests	O
that	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
can	O
induce	O
PR3	O
-	O
ANCA	O
-	O
positive	O
necrotizing	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
unilateral	O
pallidotomy	O
and	O
subthalamotomy	O
findings	O
in	O
advanced	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
Parkinson	I-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
pilot	O
study	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
stereotactic	O
unilateral	O
pallidotomy	O
and	O
subthalamotomy	O
in	O
advanced	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
Parkinson	I-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
refractory	O
to	O
medical	O
treatment	O
was	O
designed	O
.	O

Ten	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
,	O
58	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
8	O
years	O
;	O
7	O
men	O
,	O
3	O
women	O
)	O
with	O
similar	O
characteristics	O
at	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
disease	O
(	O
mean	O
disease	O
time	O
,	O
8	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
years	O
)	O
,	O
disabling	O
motor	O
fluctuations	O
(	O
Hoehn	O
_	O
Yahr	O
stage	O
3	O
-	O
5	O
in	O
off	O
-	O
drug	O
phases	O
)	O
and	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
were	O
selected	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
had	O
bilateral	O
symptoms	O
and	O
their	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
equivalent	O
dosing	O
were	O
analysed	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
were	O
operated	O
on	O
in	O
the	O
globus	O
pallidus	O
interna	O
(	O
GPi	O
)	O
and	O
four	O
in	O
the	O
subthalamic	O
nucleus	O
(	O
STN	O
)	O
.	O

Clinical	O
evaluation	O
included	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
Unified	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Rating	O
Scale	O
(	O
UPDRS	O
)	O
,	O
Hoehn	O
_	O
Yahr	O
score	O
and	O
Schwab	O
England	O
activities	O
of	O
daily	O
living	O
(	O
ADL	O
)	O
score	O
in	O
'	O
on	O
'	O
-	O
and	O
'	O
off	O
'	O
-	O
drug	O
conditions	O
before	O
surgery	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
after	O
surgery	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
statistically	O
significant	O
improvement	O
in	O
all	O
contralateral	O
major	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
motor	O
signs	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
followed	O
for	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
equivalent	O
daily	O
intake	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
in	O
the	O
STN	O
group	O
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
UPDRS	O
,	O
Hoehn	O
_	O
Yahr	O
and	O
Schwab	O
England	O
ADL	O
scores	O
were	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Cognitive	O
functions	O
were	O
unchanged	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Complications	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
:	O
one	O
had	O
a	O
left	O
homonymous	B-Disease
hemianopsia	I-Disease
after	O
pallidotomy	O
and	O
another	O
one	O
developed	O
left	O
hemiballistic	O
movements	O
3	O
days	O
after	O
subthalamotomy	O
which	O
partly	O
improved	O
within	O
1	O
month	O
with	O
Valproate	B-Chemical
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
.	O

The	O
findings	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
lesions	O
of	O
the	O
unilateral	O
STN	O
and	O
GPi	O
are	O
equally	O
effective	O
treatment	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
PD	B-Disease
refractory	O
to	O
medical	O
treatment	O
.	O

DSMM	O
XI	O
study	O
:	O
dose	O
definition	O
for	O
intravenous	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
/	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
for	O
remission	O
induction	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
newly	O
diagnosed	O
myeloma	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
clinical	O
trial	O
was	O
initiated	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
recommended	O
dose	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
as	O
induction	O
treatment	O
before	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplantation	O
for	O
younger	O
patients	O
with	O
newly	O
diagnosed	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
(	O
MM	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Thirty	O
patients	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
three	O
21	O
-	O
day	O
cycles	O
of	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
plus	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
40	O
mg	O
on	O
the	O
day	O
of	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
injection	O
and	O
the	O
day	O
after	O
plus	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
at	O
900	O
,	O
1	O
,	O
200	O
,	O
or	O
1	O
,	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
on	O
day	O
1	O
.	O

The	O
maximum	O
tolerated	O
dose	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
was	O
defined	O
as	O
900	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
this	O
dose	O
level	O
,	O
92	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
achieved	O
at	O
least	O
a	O
partial	O
response	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
[	O
complete	O
response	O
(	O
CR	O
)	O
plus	O
partial	O
response	O
(	O
PR	O
)	O
]	O
across	O
all	O
dose	O
levels	O
was	O
77	O
%	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
10	O
%	O
CR	O
rate	O
.	O

No	O
patient	O
experienced	O
progressive	O
disease	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
frequent	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
hematological	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
gastrointestinal	I-Disease
toxicities	I-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
at	O
900	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
effective	O
induction	O
treatment	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
newly	O
diagnosed	O
MM	B-Disease
that	O
warrants	O
further	O
investigation	O
.	O

Naloxone	B-Chemical
reversal	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
captopril	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
hemodynamic	O
effects	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
mediated	O
by	O
the	O
endogenous	O
opioid	O
system	O
.	O

The	O
opioid	O
antagonist	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
block	O
or	O
reverse	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
actions	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
an	O
intentional	O
captopril	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
,	O
manifested	O
by	O
marked	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
that	O
resolved	O
promptly	O
with	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
.	O

Our	O
experience	O
demonstrates	O
a	O
possible	O
role	O
of	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
reversal	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
resulting	O
from	O
captopril	B-Chemical
.	O

Identification	O
of	O
a	O
simple	O
and	O
sensitive	O
microplate	O
method	O
for	O
the	O
detection	O
of	O
oversulfated	O
chondroitin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
in	O
heparin	B-Chemical
products	O
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
commonly	O
implemented	O
anticoagulant	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
critically	O
ill	O
patients	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
commercial	O
lots	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
products	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
contaminated	O
with	O
an	O
oversulfated	O
chondroitin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
(	O
OSCS	O
)	O
derivative	O
that	O
could	O
elicit	O
a	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	O
in	O
pigs	O
following	O
a	O
single	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
infusion	O
.	O

Using	O
both	O
contaminated	O
heparin	B-Chemical
products	O
and	O
the	O
synthetically	O
produced	O
derivative	O
,	O
we	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
OSCS	O
produces	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
pigs	O
.	O

The	O
no	O
observed	O
effect	O
level	O
(	O
NOEL	O
)	O
for	O
this	O
contaminant	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
approximately	O
1mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
corresponding	O
to	O
a	O
contamination	O
level	O
of	O
approximately	O
3	O
%	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
OSCS	O
can	O
be	O
identified	O
in	O
heparin	B-Chemical
products	O
using	O
a	O
simple	O
,	O
inexpensive	O
,	O
commercially	O
available	O
heparin	B-Chemical
enzyme	O
immunoassay	O
(	O
EIA	O
)	O
kit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
limit	O
of	O
detection	O
of	O
approximately	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
well	O
below	O
the	O
NOEL	O
.	O

This	O
kit	O
may	O
provide	O
a	O
useful	O
method	O
to	O
test	O
heparin	B-Chemical
products	O
for	O
contamination	O
with	O
oversulfated	O
GAG	O
derivatives	O
.	O

5	B-Chemical
flourouracil	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
apical	B-Disease
ballooning	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

The	O
apical	B-Disease
ballooning	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
ABS	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
recently	O
described	O
stress	O
-	O
mediated	O
acute	B-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
characterized	O
by	O
transient	O
wall	O
-	O
motion	O
abnormalities	O
involving	O
the	O
apex	O
and	O
midventricle	O
with	O
hyperkinesis	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
basal	O
left	O
ventricular	O
(	O
LV	O
)	O
segments	O
without	O
obstructive	O
epicardial	B-Disease
coronary	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
an	O
uncommon	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agents	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
reports	O
of	O
ABS	B-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agents	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
who	O
developed	O
the	O
syndrome	O
after	O
chemotherapy	O
for	O
metastatic	O
cancer	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
79	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
presented	O
with	O
typical	O
ischemic	B-Disease
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
elevated	O
cardiac	O
enzymes	O
with	O
significant	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
abnormalities	O
on	O
her	O
electrocardiogram	O
.	O

She	O
underwent	O
recent	O
chemotherapy	O
with	O
fluorouracil	B-Chemical
for	O
metastatic	O
colorectal	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Echocardiography	O
revealed	O
a	O
wall	O
-	O
motion	O
abnormality	O
involving	O
the	O
apical	O
and	O
periapical	O
segments	O
which	O
appeared	O
akinetic	B-Disease
.	O

Coronary	O
angiography	O
revealed	O
no	O
obstructive	O
coronary	O
lesions	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
stabilized	O
with	O
medical	O
therapy	O
.	O

Four	O
weeks	O
later	O
she	O
remained	O
completely	O
asymptomatic	O
.	O

Echocardiogram	O
revealed	O
a	O
normal	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
and	O
a	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
apical	O
akinesis	B-Disease
.	O

Pathogenetic	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
undergoing	O
chemotherapy	O
include	O
coronary	B-Disease
vasospasm	I-Disease
,	O
endothelial	O
damage	O
and	O
consequent	O
thrombus	B-Disease
formation	O
.	O

In	O
our	O
patient	O
,	O
both	O
supraphysiologic	O
levels	O
of	O
plasma	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
and	O
stress	O
related	O
neuropeptides	O
caused	O
by	O
cancer	B-Disease
diagnosis	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
chemotherapy	O
may	O
have	O
contributed	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
ABS	B-Disease
.	O

Rapid	O
reversal	O
of	O
anticoagulation	O
reduces	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
volume	O
in	O
a	O
mouse	O
model	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
W	O
-	O
ICH	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
severe	O
type	O
of	O
stroke	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
consensus	O
on	O
the	O
optimal	O
treatment	O
for	O
W	O
-	O
ICH	B-Disease
.	O

Using	O
a	O
mouse	O
model	O
,	O
we	O
tested	O
whether	O
the	O
rapid	O
reversal	O
of	O
anticoagulation	O
using	O
human	O
prothrombin	B-Chemical
complex	I-Chemical
concentrate	I-Chemical
(	O
PCC	B-Chemical
)	O
can	O
reduce	O
hemorrhagic	O
blood	O
volume	O
.	O

Male	O
CD	O
-	O
1	O
mice	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
over	O
24	O
h	O
)	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
mean	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
s	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
)	O
International	O
Normalized	O
Ratio	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
.	O

First	O
,	O
we	O
showed	O
that	O
an	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
human	O
PCC	B-Chemical
rapidly	O
reversed	O
anticoagulation	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Second	O
,	O
a	O
stereotactic	O
injection	O
of	O
collagenase	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
induce	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
right	O
striatum	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
five	O
minutes	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
animals	O
were	O
randomly	O
treated	O
with	O
PCC	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
U	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
saline	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
per	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
four	O
hours	O
after	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
induction	O
,	O
hemorrhagic	O
blood	O
volume	O
was	O
quantified	O
using	O
a	O
photometric	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
hemorrhagic	O
blood	O
volume	O
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
PCC	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
microL	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
saline	O
controls	O
(	O
15	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
.	O
2	O
microL	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
015	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
saline	O
group	O
,	O
45	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
mice	O
developed	O
large	O
hematomas	B-Disease
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
>	O
15	O
microL	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
such	O
extensive	O
lesions	O
were	O
never	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
PCC	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

We	O
provide	O
experimental	O
data	O
suggesting	O
PCC	B-Chemical
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
acute	O
treatment	O
for	O
W	O
-	O
ICH	B-Disease
in	O
terms	O
of	O
reducing	O
hemorrhagic	O
blood	O
volume	O
.	O

Future	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
potential	O
emerging	O
from	O
our	O
finding	O
for	O
human	O
W	O
-	O
ICH	B-Disease
.	O

Long	O
term	O
hormone	O
therapy	O
for	O
perimenopausal	O
and	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Hormone	O
therapy	O
(	O
HT	O
)	O
is	O
widely	O
used	O
for	O
controlling	O
menopausal	O
symptoms	O
and	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
management	O
and	O
prevention	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
and	O
dementia	B-Disease
in	O
older	O
women	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
an	O
updated	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
Cochrane	O
review	O
first	O
published	O
in	O
2005	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
HT	O
on	O
mortality	O
,	O
cardiovascular	O
outcomes	O
,	O
cancer	B-Disease
,	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
cognition	O
,	O
fractures	B-Disease
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

SEARCH	O
STRATEGY	O
:	O
We	O
searched	O
the	O
following	O
databases	O
to	O
November	O
2007	O
:	O
Trials	O
Register	O
of	O
the	O
Cochrane	O
Menstrual	B-Disease
Disorders	I-Disease
and	O
Subfertility	O
Group	O
,	O
Cochrane	O
Central	O
Register	O
of	O
Controlled	O
Trials	O
,	O
MEDLINE	O
,	O
EMBASE	O
,	O
Biological	O
Abstracts	O
.	O

Also	O
relevant	O
non	O
-	O
indexed	O
journals	O
and	O
conference	O
abstracts	O
.	O

SELECTION	O
CRITERIA	O
:	O
Randomised	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trials	O
of	O
HT	O
versus	O
placebo	O
,	O
taken	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
year	O
by	O
perimenopausal	O
or	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

HT	O
included	O
oestrogens	B-Chemical
,	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
progestogens	B-Chemical
,	O
via	O
oral	O
,	O
transdermal	O
,	O
subcutaneous	O
or	O
transnasal	O
routes	O
.	O

DATA	O
COLLECTION	O
AND	O
ANALYSIS	O
:	O
Two	O
authors	O
independently	O
assessed	O
trial	O
quality	O
and	O
extracted	O
data	O
.	O

MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
Nineteen	O
trials	O
involving	O
41	O
,	O
904	O
women	O
were	O
included	O
.	O

In	O
relatively	O
healthy	O
women	O
,	O
combined	O
continuous	O
HT	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thrombo	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
embolism	I-Disease
or	O
coronary	O
event	O
(	O
after	O
one	O
year	O
'	O
s	O
use	O
)	O
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
(	O
after	O
three	O
years	O
)	O
,	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
only	O
HT	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thrombo	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
embolism	I-Disease
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
and	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
after	O
one	O
to	O
two	O
years	O
,	O
three	O
years	O
and	O
seven	O
years	O
'	O
use	O
respectively	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
significantly	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
only	O
statistically	O
significant	O
benefits	O
of	O
HT	O
were	O
a	O
decreased	O
incidence	O
of	O
fractures	B-Disease
and	O
(	O
for	O
combined	O
HT	O
)	O
colon	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
.	O

Among	O
women	O
aged	O
over	O
65	O
who	O
were	O
relatively	O
healthy	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
generally	O
fit	O
,	O
without	O
overt	O
disease	O
)	O
and	O
taking	O
continuous	O
combined	O
HT	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
dementia	B-Disease
.	O

Among	O
women	O
with	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
combined	O
continuous	O
HT	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thrombo	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
embolism	I-Disease
.	O
One	O
trial	O
analysed	O
subgroups	O
of	O
2839	O
relatively	O
healthy	O
50	O
to	O
59	O
year	O
old	O
women	O
taking	O
combined	O
continuous	O
HT	O
and	O
1637	O
taking	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
only	O
HT	O
,	O
versus	O
similar	O
-	O
sized	O
placebo	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
significantly	O
increased	O
risk	O
reported	O
was	O
for	O
venous	B-Disease
thrombo	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
embolism	I-Disease
in	O
women	O
taking	O
combined	O
continuous	O
HT	O
:	O
their	O
absolute	O
risk	O
remained	O
low	O
,	O
at	O
less	O
than	O
1	O
/	O
500	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
not	O
powered	O
to	O
detect	O
differences	O
between	O
groups	O
of	O
younger	O
women	O
.	O

AUTHORS	O
'	O
CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
HT	O
is	O
not	O
indicated	O
for	O
the	O
routine	O
management	O
of	O
chronic	O
disease	O
.	O

We	O
need	O
more	O
evidence	O
on	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
HT	O
for	O
menopausal	O
symptom	O
control	O
,	O
though	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
relatively	O
safe	O
for	O
healthy	O
younger	O
women	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
AIDS	B-Disease
on	O
tenofovir	B-Chemical
while	O
receiving	O
prolonged	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
course	O
for	O
osteomyelitis	B-Disease
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
developed	O
after	O
a	O
prolonged	O
course	O
of	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
2	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
receiving	O
tenofovir	B-Chemical
disoproxil	I-Chemical
fumarate	I-Chemical
as	O
part	O
of	O
an	O
antiretroviral	O
regimen	O
.	O

Tenofovir	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
Fanconi	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
because	O
of	O
its	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
proximal	O
renal	O
tubule	O
.	O

Vancomycin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
infrequent	O
but	O
may	O
result	O
from	O
coadministration	O
with	O
a	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
agent	O
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
that	O
tenofovir	B-Chemical
may	O
raise	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
during	O
prolonged	O
administration	O
of	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
.	O

Recurrent	O
dysosmia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
pyrazinamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Pyrazinamide	B-Chemical
can	O
have	O
adverse	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
hepatic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
,	O
hyperuricemia	B-Disease
or	O
digestive	O
disorders	O
.	O

In	O
rare	O
cases	O
,	O
alterations	O
in	O
taste	O
and	O
smell	O
function	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
for	O
pyrazinamide	B-Chemical
when	O
combined	O
with	O
other	O
drugs	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
reversible	O
olfactory	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
pyrazinamide	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
woman	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
positive	O
rechallenge	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
presented	O
every	O
day	O
a	O
sensation	O
of	O
smelling	O
something	O
burning	O
15	O
min	O
after	O
drug	O
intake	O
.	O

Dysosmia	B-Disease
disappeared	O
completely	O
after	O
pyrazinamide	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
and	O
recurred	O
after	O
its	O
rechallenge	O
.	O

The	O
case	O
was	O
reported	O
to	O
the	O
Tunisian	O
Centre	O
of	O
Pharmacovigilance	O
.	O

Mice	O
lacking	O
mPGES	O
-	O
1	O
are	O
resistant	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polyuria	B-Disease
.	O

Cyclooxygenase	O
-	O
2	O
activity	O
is	O
required	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polyuria	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
a	O
specific	O
,	O
terminal	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
(	O
PG	B-Chemical
)	O
isomerase	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
evaluated	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
assess	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polyuria	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
deficient	O
in	O
microsomal	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
synthase	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
mPGES	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
2	O
-	O
wk	O
administration	O
of	O
LiCl	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mmol	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O
day	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
ip	O
)	O
in	O
mPGES	O
-	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
mice	O
led	O
to	O
a	O
marked	O
polyuria	B-Disease
with	O
hyposmotic	O
urine	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
elevated	O
renal	O
mPGES	O
-	O
1	O
protein	O
expression	O
and	O
increased	O
urine	O
PGE	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
excretion	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
mPGES	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
were	O
largely	O
resistant	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polyuria	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
urine	O
concentrating	O
defect	O
,	O
accompanied	O
by	O
nearly	O
complete	O
blockade	O
of	O
high	O
urine	O
PGE	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
and	O
cAMP	O
output	O
.	O

Immunoblotting	O
,	O
immunohistochemistry	O
,	O
and	O
quantitative	O
(	O
q	O
)	O
RT	O
-	O
PCR	O
consistently	O
detected	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
aquaporin	O
-	O
2	O
(	O
AQP2	O
)	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
renal	O
cortex	O
and	O
medulla	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
decrease	O
was	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
in	O
the	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
.	O

qRT	O
-	O
PCR	O
detected	O
similar	O
patterns	O
of	O
changes	O
in	O
AQP2	O
mRNA	O
in	O
the	O
medulla	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
the	O
total	O
protein	O
abundance	O
of	O
the	O
Na	B-Chemical
-	O
K	B-Chemical
-	O
2Cl	B-Chemical
cotransporter	O
(	O
NKCC2	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
medulla	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
of	O
the	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
mice	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
by	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
dowregulation	O
of	O
renal	O
medullary	O
NKCC2	O
expression	O
was	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
in	O
the	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
mPGES	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
derived	O
PGE	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
mediates	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polyuria	B-Disease
likely	O
via	O
inhibition	O
of	O
AQP2	O
and	O
NKCC2	O
expression	O
.	O

Preservation	O
of	O
renal	O
blood	O
flow	O
during	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
with	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
introduction	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
could	O
induce	O
hypotension	B-Disease
with	O
different	O
pharmacological	O
actions	O
would	O
be	O
advantageous	O
because	O
side	O
effects	O
unique	O
to	O
a	O
specific	O
drug	O
could	O
be	O
minimized	O
by	O
selecting	O
appropriate	O
therapy	O
.	O

Specific	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
1	O
,	O
(	O
DA1	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
2	O
(	O
DA2	B-Chemical
)	O
receptor	O
agonists	O
are	O
now	O
under	O
clinical	O
investigation	O
.	O

Fenoldopam	B-Chemical
mesylate	I-Chemical
is	O
a	O
specific	O
DA1	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
that	O
lowers	O
blood	O
pressure	O
by	O
vasodilatation	O
.	O

The	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
could	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
induce	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
preserve	O
blood	O
flow	O
to	O
the	O
kidney	O
was	O
tested	O
.	O

Systemic	O
aortic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
renal	O
blood	O
flow	O
were	O
measured	O
continuously	O
with	O
a	O
carotid	O
arterial	O
catheter	O
and	O
an	O
electromagnetic	O
flow	O
probe	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
and	O
renal	O
vascular	O
effects	O
of	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
and	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
in	O
ten	O
dogs	O
under	O
halothane	B-Chemical
general	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

Mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
was	O
decreased	O
30	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
per	O
cent	O
from	O
control	O
with	O
infusion	O
of	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
micrograms	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
and	O
34	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
per	O
cent	O
with	O
infusion	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
.	O
9	O
micrograms	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
(	O
NS	O
)	O
.	O

Renal	O
blood	O
flow	O
(	O
RBF	O
)	O
increased	O
during	O
fenoldopam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
per	O
cent	O
and	O
decreased	O
21	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
per	O
cent	O
during	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Sodium	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
arteriolar	O
and	O
venous	O
vasodilator	O
that	O
can	O
produce	O
redistribution	O
of	O
blood	O
flow	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
kidney	O
during	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Fenoldopam	O
is	O
a	O
selective	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
1	O
(	O
DA1	O
)	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
that	O
causes	O
vasodilatation	O
to	O
the	O
kidney	O
and	O
other	O
organs	O
with	O
DA1	O
receptors	O
and	O
preserves	O
blood	O
flow	O
to	O
the	O
kidney	O
during	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
:	O
case	O
presentation	O
and	O
literature	O
review	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
seizures	B-Disease
shortly	O
after	O
initiating	O
treatment	O
with	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
and	O
to	O
discuss	O
the	O
potential	O
drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interactions	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
cytochrome	O
P450	O
(	O
CYP	O
)	O
1A2	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
other	O
cases	O
,	O
of	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Several	O
biomedical	O
databases	O
were	O
searched	O
including	O
MEDLINE	O
,	O
Cochrane	O
and	O
Ovid	O
.	O

The	O
main	O
search	O
terms	O
utilized	O
were	O
case	O
report	O
and	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
search	O
was	O
limited	O
to	O
studies	O
published	O
in	O
English	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Six	O
cases	O
of	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interactions	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
CYP1A2	O
by	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
are	O
likely	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
of	O
these	O
cases	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Clinicians	O
are	O
exhorted	O
to	O
pay	O
close	O
attention	O
when	O
initiating	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
patients	O
taking	O
medications	O
with	O
epileptogenic	O
properties	O
that	O
are	O
CYP1A2	O
substrates	O
.	O

Dextran	B-Chemical
-	O
etodolac	B-Chemical
conjugates	O
:	O
synthesis	O
,	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
evaluation	O
.	O

Etodolac	B-Chemical
(	O
E	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
narcotic	O
analgesic	O
and	O
antiinflammatory	O
drug	O
.	O

A	O
biodegradable	O
polymer	O
dextran	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
utilized	O
as	O
a	O
carrier	O
for	O
synthesis	O
of	O
etodolac	B-Chemical
-	O
dextran	B-Chemical
conjugates	O
(	O
ED	O
)	O
to	O
improve	O
its	O
aqueous	O
solubility	O
and	O
reduce	O
gastrointestinal	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

An	O
activated	O
moiety	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acylimidazole	I-Chemical
derivative	O
of	O
etodolac	B-Chemical
(	O
EAI	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
was	O
condensed	O
with	O
the	O
polysaccharide	O
polymer	O
dextran	B-Chemical
of	O
different	O
molecular	O
weights	O
(	O
40000	O
,	O
60000	O
,	O
110000	O
and	O
200000	O
)	O
.	O

IR	O
spectral	O
data	O
confirmed	O
formation	O
of	O
ester	O
bonding	O
in	O
the	O
conjugates	O
.	O

Etodolac	B-Chemical
contents	O
were	O
evaluated	O
by	O
UV	O
-	O
spectrophotometric	O
analysis	O
.	O

The	O
molecular	O
weights	O
were	O
determined	O
by	O
measuring	O
viscosity	O
using	O
the	O
Mark	O
-	O
Howink	O
-	O
Sakurada	O
equation	O
.	O

In	O
vitro	O
hydrolysis	O
of	O
ED	O
was	O
done	O
in	O
aqueous	O
buffers	O
(	O
pH	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
7	O
.	O
4	O
,	O
9	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
80	O
%	O
(	O
v	O
/	O
v	O
)	O
human	O
plasma	O
(	O
pH	O
7	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
pH	O
9	O
,	O
a	O
higher	O
rate	O
of	O
etodolac	B-Chemical
release	O
from	O
ED	O
was	O
observed	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
aqueous	O
buffer	O
of	O
pH	O
7	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
80	O
%	O
human	O
plasma	O
(	O
pH	O
7	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
,	O
following	O
first	O
-	O
order	O
kinetics	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
investigations	O
were	O
performed	O
in	O
animals	O
.	O

Acute	O
analgesic	O
and	O
antiinflammatory	O
activities	O
were	O
ascertained	O
using	O
acetic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
induced	O
writhing	B-Disease
model	O
(	O
mice	O
)	O
and	O
carrageenan	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rat	O
paw	O
edema	B-Disease
model	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

In	O
comparison	O
to	O
control	O
,	O
E	B-Chemical
and	O
ED1	O
-	O
ED4	O
showed	O
highly	O
significant	O
analgesic	O
and	O
antiinflammatory	O
activities	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Biological	O
evaluation	O
suggested	O
that	O
conjugates	O
(	O
ED1	O
-	O
ED4	O
)	O
retained	O
comparable	O
analgesic	O
and	O
antiinflammatory	O
activities	O
with	O
remarkably	O
reduced	O
ulcerogenicity	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
their	O
parent	O
drug	O
-	O
-	O
etodolac	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
antiarrhythmic	O
effect	O
and	O
possible	O
ionic	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
on	O
animal	O
models	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
and	O
explore	O
the	O
underlying	O
ionic	O
mechanism	O
,	O
using	O
both	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rat	O
and	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
guinea	O
pig	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
models	O
.	O

Confocal	O
microscopy	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
measure	O
intracellular	O
free	O
-	O
calcium	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
(	O
[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
]	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
)	O
in	O
isolated	O
myocytes	O
.	O

The	O
current	O
data	O
showed	O
that	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
delayed	O
onset	O
of	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
,	O
decreased	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
,	O
reduced	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
score	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
the	O
survival	O
time	O
of	O
arrhythmic	B-Disease
rats	O
and	O
guinea	O
pigs	O
.	O

[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
]	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
overload	O
induced	O
by	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
or	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
isolated	O
myocytes	O
pretreated	O
with	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
M	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
-	O
muscarinic	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
(	O
mAChR	O
)	O
antagonist	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DAMP	I-Chemical
(	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diphenylacetoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylpiperidine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methiodide	I-Chemical
)	O
partially	O
abolished	O
the	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
produced	O
antiarrhythmic	O
actions	O
on	O
arrhythmic	B-Disease
rat	O
and	O
guinea	O
pig	O
models	O
induced	O
by	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
or	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
via	O
stimulating	O
the	O
cardiac	O
M	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
-	O
mAChR	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
improvement	O
of	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
handling	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
Hibiscus	B-Chemical
rosa	I-Chemical
sinensis	I-Chemical
on	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurobehavioral	O
and	O
biochemical	O
alterations	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
methanolic	O
extract	O
of	O
Hibiscus	B-Chemical
rosa	I-Chemical
sinensis	I-Chemical
(	O
100	O
-	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
studied	O
on	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
orofacial	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
and	O
neurochemical	O
alterations	O
.	O

The	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
intraperitoneal	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
ip	O
)	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
every	O
other	O
day	O
.	O

On	O
day	O
5	O
,	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
movements	O
and	O
tongue	O
protrusions	O
were	O
counted	O
for	O
5	O
min	O
.	O

Reserpine	B-Chemical
treated	O
rats	O
significantly	O
developed	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
movements	O
and	O
tongue	O
protrusions	O
however	O
,	O
coadministration	O
of	O
Hibiscus	B-Chemical
rosa	I-Chemical
sinensis	I-Chemical
roots	O
extract	O
(	O
100	O
,	O
200	O
and	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
per	O
orally	O
)	O
attenuated	O
the	O
effects	O
.	O

Biochemical	O
analysis	O
of	O
brain	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
significantly	O
increased	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
and	O
decreased	O
levels	O
of	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
(	O
SOD	O
)	O
,	O
catalase	O
(	O
CAT	O
)	O
and	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
reductase	O
(	O
GSH	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
index	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
process	O
.	O

Coadministration	O
of	O
extract	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
and	O
reversed	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
brain	O
SOD	O
,	O
CAT	O
and	O
GSH	O
levels	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
suggested	O
that	O
Hibiscus	B-Chemical
rosa	I-Chemical
sinensis	I-Chemical
had	O
a	O
protective	O
role	O
against	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
orofacial	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
and	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Dynamic	O
response	O
of	O
blood	O
vessel	O
in	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
we	O
postulated	O
that	O
during	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
the	O
transient	O
or	O
dynamic	O
response	O
of	O
blood	O
vessels	O
could	O
be	O
affected	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
antioxidants	O
can	O
prevent	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
dynamic	O
responses	O
of	O
blood	O
vessels	O
.	O

The	O
new	O
approach	O
to	O
ex	O
vivo	O
blood	O
vessel	O
experiments	O
in	O
which	O
not	O
only	O
the	O
end	O
points	O
of	O
vessels	O
response	O
within	O
the	O
time	O
interval	O
is	O
considered	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
dynamics	O
of	O
this	O
response	O
,	O
was	O
used	O
in	O
this	O
paper	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
confirm	O
the	O
alteration	O
in	O
dynamic	O
response	O
of	O
blood	O
vessels	O
during	O
the	O
change	O
of	O
pressure	O
in	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
.	O

The	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
administration	O
to	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
are	O
also	O
confirmed	O
through	O
:	O
lower	O
level	O
of	O
blood	O
urea	B-Chemical
and	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
higher	O
level	O
of	O
potassium	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
pressure	O
dynamic	O
responses	O
of	O
isolated	O
blood	O
vessels	O
show	O
a	O
faster	O
pressure	O
change	O
in	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
(	O
8	O
.	O
07	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
s	O
vs	O
.	O
5	O
.	O
64	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
18	O
s	O
)	O
.	O

Vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
administration	O
induced	O
slowdown	O
of	O
pressure	O
change	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
control	O
values	O
.	O

The	O
pressure	O
dynamic	O
properties	O
,	O
quantitatively	O
defined	O
by	O
comparative	O
pressure	O
dynamic	O
and	O
total	O
pressure	O
dynamic	O
,	O
confirm	O
the	O
alteration	O
in	O
dynamic	O
response	O
of	O
blood	O
vessels	O
during	O
the	O
change	O
of	O
pressure	O
in	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
and	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Reversible	O
myocardial	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
pediatric	O
heart	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
:	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

Tacrolimus	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
potent	O
immunosuppressant	O
that	O
is	O
frequently	O
used	O
in	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
adverse	O
effects	O
include	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Herein	O
we	O
describe	O
transient	O
myocardial	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
after	O
heart	O
transplantation	O
.	O

The	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
caused	O
no	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
but	O
was	O
noted	O
because	O
of	O
elevation	O
of	O
plasma	O
brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
concentration	O
and	O
confirmed	O
at	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Initially	O
,	O
allograft	O
rejection	O
was	O
feared	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
myocardial	O
biopsy	O
samples	O
revealed	O
only	O
interstitial	O
edema	B-Disease
and	O
mild	O
myocardial	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
;	O
neither	O
cellular	O
nor	O
humoral	O
rejection	O
was	O
detected	O
.	O

The	O
blood	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
usual	O
at	O
that	O
time	O
;	O
thus	O
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
dosage	O
was	O
reduced	O
.	O

Myocardial	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
completely	O
resolved	O
upon	O
reducing	O
the	O
target	O
concentration	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
did	O
not	O
recur	O
,	O
as	O
confirmed	O
at	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
myocardial	O
biopsy	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
we	O
conclude	O
that	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
induces	O
reversible	O
myocardial	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
patients	O
receiving	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
blood	O
concentration	O
should	O
be	O
carefully	O
controlled	O
and	O
extreme	O
attention	O
paid	O
to	O
cardiac	O
involvement	O
.	O

Nimodipine	B-Chemical
prevents	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
adult	O
mice	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
resultant	O
decrease	O
in	O
cerebral	O
blood	O
flow	O
have	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cognitive	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
tested	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
(	O
NIMO	B-Chemical
)	O
administered	O
at	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
(	O
NTG	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
would	O
preserve	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
associative	O
memory	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
(	O
PA	O
)	O
paradigm	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
assess	O
memory	O
retention	O
.	O

For	O
PA	O
training	O
,	O
latencies	O
(	O
seconds	O
)	O
were	O
recorded	O
for	O
entry	O
from	O
a	O
suspended	O
platform	O
into	O
a	O
Plexiglas	O
tube	O
where	O
a	O
shock	O
was	O
automatically	O
delivered	O
.	O

Latencies	O
were	O
recorded	O
48	O
h	O
later	O
for	O
a	O
testing	O
trial	O
.	O

Ninety	O
-	O
six	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
(	O
30	O
-	O
35	O
g	O
,	O
6	O
-	O
8	O
wk	O
)	O
,	O
were	O
randomized	O
into	O
6	O
groups	O
1	O
)	O
saline	O
(	O
control	O
)	O
,	O
2	O
)	O
NTG	B-Chemical
immediately	O
after	O
learning	O
,	O
3	O
)	O
NTG	B-Chemical
3	O
h	O
after	O
learning	O
,	O
4	O
)	O
NTG	B-Chemical
and	O
NIMO	B-Chemical
,	O
5	O
)	O
vehicle	O
,	O
and	O
6	O
)	O
NIMO	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
changes	O
in	O
brain	O
tissue	O
oxygenation	O
(	O
PbtO	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
cerebral	O
blood	O
flow	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
a	O
separate	O
group	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
groups	O
exhibited	O
similar	O
training	O
latencies	O
(	O
17	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
s	O
)	O
.	O

Mice	O
subjected	O
to	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
episodes	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
latency	O
time	O
(	O
178	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
156	O
s	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
injected	O
with	O
saline	O
,	O
NTG	B-Chemical
+	O
NIMO	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
delayed	O
NTG	B-Chemical
(	O
580	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
81	O
s	O
,	O
557	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
67	O
s	O
,	O
and	O
493	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
146	O
s	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
Kruskal	O
-	O
Wallis	O
1	O
-	O
way	O
analysis	O
of	O
variance	O
indicated	O
a	O
significant	O
difference	O
among	O
the	O
4	O
treatment	O
groups	O
(	O
H	O
=	O
15	O
.	O
34	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
separate	O
group	O
of	O
mice	O
not	O
subjected	O
to	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
,	O
the	O
same	O
dose	O
of	O
NTG	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
3	O
)	O
and	O
NTG	B-Chemical
+	O
NIMO	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
3	O
)	O
caused	O
mean	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
to	O
decrease	O
from	O
85	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
mm	O
Hg	O
sem	O
to	O
31	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
mm	O
Hg	O
sem	O
and	O
from	O
86	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
mm	O
Hg	O
sem	O
to	O
32	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mm	O
Hg	O
sem	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Mean	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
in	O
mice	O
treated	O
with	O
NIMO	B-Chemical
alone	O
decreased	O
from	O
88	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
mm	O
Hg	O
to	O
80	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
mm	O
Hg	O
.	O

The	O
intergroup	O
difference	O
was	O
statistically	O
significant	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

PbtO	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
decreased	O
from	O
51	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
mm	O
Hg	O
sem	O
to	O
33	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
2	O
mm	O
Hg	O
sem	O
in	O
the	O
NTG	B-Chemical
group	O
and	O
from	O
38	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
mm	O
Hg	O
sem	O
to	O
25	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mm	O
Hg	O
sem	O
in	O
the	O
NTG	B-Chemical
+	O
NIMO	B-Chemical
groups	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
among	O
groups	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
PA	O
retention	O
paradigm	O
,	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
NTG	B-Chemical
immediately	O
after	O
learning	O
produced	O
a	O
significant	O
impairment	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
associative	O
memory	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
whereas	O
delayed	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
had	O
no	O
effect	O
.	O

NIMO	B-Chemical
attenuated	O
the	O
disruption	O
in	O
consolidation	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
memory	O
caused	O
by	O
NTG	B-Chemical
but	O
did	O
not	O
improve	O
latency	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
observed	O
effect	O
of	O
NIMO	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
been	O
attributable	O
to	O
the	O
preservation	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
homeostasis	O
during	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
because	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
PbtO	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
indices	O
among	O
groups	O
.	O

Metabotropic	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
7	O
receptor	O
subtype	O
modulates	O
motor	O
symptoms	O
in	O
rodent	O
models	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Metabotropic	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
(	O
mGlu	O
)	O
receptors	O
modulate	O
synaptic	O
transmission	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
and	O
represent	O
promising	O
therapeutic	O
targets	O
for	O
symptomatic	O
treatment	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
eight	O
mGlu	O
receptor	O
subtypes	O
,	O
mGlu7	O
receptor	O
is	O
prominently	O
expressed	O
in	O
the	O
basal	O
ganglia	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
role	O
in	O
restoring	O
motor	O
function	O
in	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
PD	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
known	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dibenzhydrylethane	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diamine	I-Chemical
dihydrochloride	I-Chemical
(	O
AMN082	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
selective	O
allosteric	O
activator	O
of	O
mGlu7	O
receptors	O
,	O
were	O
thus	O
tested	O
in	O
different	O
rodent	O
models	O
of	O
PD	B-Disease
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
show	O
that	O
oral	O
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
intrastriatal	O
administration	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
nmol	O
)	O
of	O
AMN082	B-Chemical
reverses	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

AMN082	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
reduces	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rotations	O
in	O
unilateral	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxydopamine	I-Chemical
(	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
)	O
-	O
lesioned	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
more	O
complex	O
task	O
commonly	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
major	O
akinetic	B-Disease
symptoms	O
of	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
AMN082	B-Chemical
reverses	O
the	O
increased	O
reaction	O
time	O
to	O
respond	O
to	O
a	O
cue	O
of	O
bilateral	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
-	O
lesioned	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
AMN082	B-Chemical
reduces	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
mGlu7	O
receptor	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
in	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
but	O
not	O
mGlu7	O
receptor	O
knockout	O
mice	O
.	O

Higher	O
doses	O
of	O
AMN082	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
and	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
have	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
models	O
of	O
PD	B-Disease
.	O

Overall	O
these	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
mGlu7	O
receptor	O
activation	O
can	O
reverse	O
motor	O
dysfunction	O
associated	O
with	O
reduced	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
activity	O
.	O

Selective	O
ligands	O
of	O
mGlu7	O
receptor	O
subtypes	O
may	O
thus	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
promising	O
compounds	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
antiparkinsonian	O
therapeutic	O
strategies	O
.	O

Sorafenib	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
65	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
advanced	O
renal	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
was	O
admitted	O
due	O
to	O
continuing	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
at	O
rest	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
before	O
his	O
admission	O
,	O
sorafenib	B-Chemical
had	O
been	O
started	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
non	O
-	O
ST	O
-	O
elevation	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
by	O
laboratory	O
data	O
and	O
electrocardiogram	O
.	O

Enhanced	O
heart	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
also	O
showed	O
subendocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
stenosis	O
in	O
coronary	O
arteries	O
on	O
angiography	O
.	O

Coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
a	O
provocative	O
test	O
.	O

Cessation	O
of	O
sorafenib	B-Chemical
and	O
administration	O
of	O
Ca	B-Chemical
-	O
channel	O
blocker	O
and	O
nitrates	B-Chemical
ameliorated	O
his	O
symptoms	O
,	O
but	O
relapse	O
occurred	O
after	O
resumption	O
of	O
sorafenib	B-Chemical
.	O

Addition	O
of	O
oral	O
nicorandil	B-Chemical
reduced	O
his	O
symptoms	O
and	O
maintained	O
stable	B-Disease
angina	I-Disease
status	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
of	O
sorafenib	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
.	O

Sorafenib	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
multikinase	O
inhibitor	O
that	O
targets	O
signaling	O
pathways	O
necessary	O
for	O
cellular	O
proliferation	O
and	O
survival	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
the	O
Rho	O
/	O
ROCK	O
pathway	O
has	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
.	O

Our	O
report	O
may	O
show	O
an	O
adverse	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
Rho	O
/	O
ROCK	O
pathway	O
by	O
sorafenib	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

A	O
novel	O
animal	O
model	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
a	O
drug	O
delivery	O
system	O
to	O
promote	O
the	O
passage	O
through	O
the	O
BBB	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
investigation	O
was	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
potentiality	O
of	O
a	O
novel	O
animal	O
model	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
a	O
drug	O
delivery	O
system	O
to	O
promote	O
the	O
passage	O
through	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
(	O
BBB	O
)	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
brain	O
localization	O
of	O
a	O
bioactive	O
compound	O
.	O

A	O
Tween	O
80	O
-	O
coated	O
poly	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lactid	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
nanoparticles	O
was	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
colloidal	O
drug	O
delivery	O
system	O
,	O
able	O
to	O
trespass	O
the	O
BBB	O
.	O

Tacrine	B-Chemical
,	O
administered	O
in	O
LiCl	B-Chemical
pre	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
induces	O
electrocorticographic	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
delayed	O
hippocampal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
-	O
loaded	O
poly	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lactid	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
nanoparticles	O
(	O
5mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
saline	O
solution	O
of	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
(	O
5mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
an	O
empty	O
colloidal	O
nanoparticle	O
suspension	O
were	O
compared	O
following	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
administration	O
in	O
LiCl	B-Chemical
-	O
pre	O
-	O
treated	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
-	O
loaded	O
nanoparticles	O
showed	O
an	O
earlier	O
outcome	O
of	O
CNS	O
adverse	O
symptoms	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
epileptic	B-Disease
onset	O
,	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
those	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
free	O
compound	O
(	O
10	O
min	O
vs	O
.	O
22	O
min	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
-	O
loaded	O
nanoparticles	O
administration	O
induced	O
damage	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
neuronal	I-Disease
cells	I-Disease
in	O
CA1	O
field	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
in	O
all	O
treated	O
animals	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
saline	O
solution	O
of	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
only	O
in	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

Empty	O
nanoparticles	O
provided	O
similar	O
results	O
to	O
control	O
(	O
saline	O
-	O
treated	O
)	O
group	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
evaluation	O
of	O
time	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
onset	O
of	O
symptoms	O
and	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
neurodegenerative	O
processes	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
-	O
lithium	B-Chemical
model	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
,	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
preliminarily	O
the	O
capability	O
of	O
a	O
drug	O
delivery	O
system	O
to	O
trespass	O
(	O
or	O
not	O
)	O
the	O
BBB	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
Acid	I-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
nonischemic	O
clinical	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
cardiac	O
surgical	O
patients	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
In	O
2	O
separate	O
centers	O
,	O
we	O
observed	O
a	O
notable	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
postoperative	O
convulsive	B-Disease
seizures	B-Disease
from	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
in	O
patients	O
having	O
undergone	O
major	O
cardiac	O
surgical	O
procedures	O
.	O

These	O
events	O
were	O
temporally	O
coincident	O
with	O
the	O
initial	O
use	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
TXA	B-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
after	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
aprotinin	O
from	O
general	O
clinical	O
usage	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
review	O
was	O
to	O
perform	O
a	O
retrospective	O
analysis	O
to	O
examine	O
whether	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relation	O
between	O
TXA	B-Chemical
usage	O
and	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
An	O
in	O
-	O
depth	O
chart	O
review	O
was	O
undertaken	O
in	O
all	O
24	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
perioperative	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Electroencephalographic	O
activity	O
was	O
recorded	O
in	O
11	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
formal	O
neurological	O
evaluation	O
and	O
brain	O
imaging	O
studies	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
24	O
patients	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
evidence	O
of	O
new	O
cerebral	B-Disease
ischemic	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
ischemic	B-Disease
brain	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
3	O
patients	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
with	O
seizures	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
have	O
permanent	O
neurological	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

All	O
24	O
patients	O
with	O
seizures	B-Disease
received	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
TXA	B-Chemical
intraoperatively	O
ranging	O
from	O
61	O
to	O
259	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
mean	O
age	O
of	O
69	O
.	O
9	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
21	O
of	O
24	O
had	O
undergone	O
open	O
chamber	O
rather	O
than	O
coronary	O
bypass	O
procedures	O
.	O

All	O
but	O
one	O
patient	O
were	O
managed	O
using	O
cardiopulmonary	O
bypass	O
.	O

No	O
evidence	O
of	O
brain	B-Disease
ischemic	I-Disease
,	O
metabolic	O
,	O
or	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
causes	O
for	O
their	O
seizures	B-Disease
was	O
apparent	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
use	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
TXA	B-Chemical
in	O
older	O
patients	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
cardiopulmonary	O
bypass	O
and	O
open	O
-	O
chamber	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
clinical	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
susceptible	O
patients	O
.	O

Electrocardiographic	O
changes	O
and	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
psychotropic	O
drugs	O
.	O

Eight	O
patients	O
had	O
cardiac	O
manifestations	O
that	O
were	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
in	O
five	O
while	O
taking	O
psychotropic	O
drugs	O
,	O
either	O
phenothiazines	B-Chemical
or	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressants	O
.	O

Although	O
most	O
patients	O
were	O
receiving	O
several	O
drugs	O
,	O
Mellaril	B-Chemical
(	O
thioridazine	B-Chemical
)	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
five	O
cases	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
,	O
one	O
of	O
which	O
was	O
fatal	O
in	O
a	O
35	O
year	O
old	O
woman	O
.	O

Supraventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
developed	O
in	O
one	O
patient	O
receiving	O
Thorazine	B-Chemical
(	O
chlorpromazine	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Aventyl	B-Chemical
(	O
nortriptyline	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
Elavil	B-Chemical
(	O
amitriptyline	B-Chemical
)	O
each	O
produced	O
left	B-Disease
bundle	I-Disease
branch	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
73	O
year	O
old	O
woman	O
.	O

Electrocardiographic	O
T	O
and	O
U	O
wave	O
abnormalities	O
were	O
present	O
in	O
most	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
responded	O
to	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
to	O
direct	O
current	O
electric	O
shock	O
;	O
ventricular	O
pacing	O
was	O
required	O
in	O
some	O
instances	O
and	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
ventricular	O
pacing	O
in	O
one	O
.	O

The	O
tachyarrhythmias	B-Disease
generally	O
subsided	O
within	O
48	O
hours	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
drugs	O
was	O
stopped	O
.	O

Five	O
of	O
the	O
eight	O
patients	O
were	O
50	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
or	O
younger	O
;	O
only	O
one	O
clearly	O
had	O
antecedent	O
heart	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Major	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
are	O
a	O
potential	O
hazard	O
in	O
patients	O
without	O
heart	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
are	O
receiving	O
customary	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
of	O
psychotropic	O
drugs	O
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
clinical	O
trial	O
is	O
suggested	O
to	O
quantify	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
to	O
patients	O
receiving	O
phenothiazines	B-Chemical
or	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
.	O

Sensitivity	O
of	O
erythroid	O
progenitor	O
colonies	O
to	O
erythropoietin	O
in	O
azidothymidine	B-Chemical
treated	O
immunodeficient	B-Disease
mice	O
.	O

The	O
anaemia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
3	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
azido	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
dideoxythymidine	I-Chemical
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
poorly	O
understood	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
used	O
a	O
murine	O
model	O
of	O
AIDS	B-Disease
,	O
infection	B-Disease
of	O
female	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
mice	O
with	O
LP	O
-	O
BM5	O
murine	O
leukaemia	B-Disease
(	O
MuLV	O
)	O
virus	O
,	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anaemia	B-Disease
is	O
due	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
,	O
to	O
decreased	O
responsiveness	O
of	O
erythropoietic	O
precursors	O
(	O
BFU	O
-	O
e	O
)	O
to	O
erythropoietin	O
(	O
EPO	O
)	O
.	O

Mice	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
stage	O
of	O
LP	O
-	O
BM5	O
MuLV	O
disease	O
were	O
given	O
AZT	B-Chemical
in	O
their	O
drinking	O
water	O
at	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

AZT	B-Chemical
produced	O
anaemia	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
groups	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
fashion	O
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
anaemia	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
splenic	O
and	O
bone	O
marrow	O
BFU	O
-	O
e	O
in	O
AZT	B-Chemical
treated	O
mice	O
increased	O
up	O
to	O
five	O
-	O
fold	O
over	O
levels	O
observed	O
in	O
infected	O
untreated	O
animals	O
after	O
15	O
d	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Colony	O
formation	O
by	O
splenic	O
and	O
bone	O
marrow	O
BFUe	O
was	O
stimulated	O
at	O
lower	O
concentrations	O
of	O
EPO	O
in	O
mice	O
receiving	O
AZT	B-Chemical
for	O
15	O
d	O
than	O
for	O
infected	O
,	O
untreated	O
mice	O
.	O

By	O
day	O
30	O
,	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
both	O
splenic	O
and	O
bone	O
marrow	O
BFU	O
-	O
e	O
of	O
treated	O
animals	O
returned	O
to	O
that	O
observed	O
from	O
cells	O
of	O
infected	O
untreated	O
animals	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
EPO	O
observed	O
in	O
AZT	B-Chemical
treated	O
mice	O
were	O
appropriate	O
for	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
anaemia	B-Disease
observed	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
phenylhydrazine	B-Chemical
(	O
PHZ	B-Chemical
)	O
treated	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
numbers	O
of	O
BFU	O
-	O
e	O
and	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
bone	O
marrow	O
erythroblasts	O
observed	O
were	O
comparable	O
in	O
AZT	B-Chemical
and	O
PHZ	B-Chemical
treated	O
mice	O
with	O
similar	O
degrees	O
of	O
anaemia	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
reticulocytosis	B-Disease
was	O
inappropriate	O
for	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
anaemia	B-Disease
observed	O
in	O
AZT	B-Chemical
treated	O
infected	O
mice	O
.	O

AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
peripheral	O
anaemia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
face	O
of	O
increased	O
numbers	O
of	O
BFU	O
-	O
e	O
and	O
increased	O
levels	O
of	O
plasma	O
EPO	O
suggest	O
a	O
lesion	O
in	O
terminal	O
differentiation	O
.	O

Sedation	O
depth	O
during	O
spinal	O
anesthesia	O
and	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
hip	B-Disease
fracture	I-Disease
repair	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
whether	O
limiting	O
intraoperative	O
sedation	O
depth	O
during	O
spinal	O
anesthesia	O
for	O
hip	B-Disease
fracture	I-Disease
repair	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
can	O
decrease	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
performed	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
randomized	O
controlled	O
trial	O
at	O
an	O
academic	O
medical	O
center	O
of	O
elderly	O
patients	O
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
65	O
years	O
)	O
without	O
preoperative	O
delirium	B-Disease
or	O
severe	O
dementia	B-Disease
who	O
underwent	O
hip	B-Disease
fracture	I-Disease
repair	O
under	O
spinal	O
anesthesia	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
sedation	O
.	O

Sedation	O
depth	O
was	O
titrated	O
using	O
processed	O
electroencephalography	O
with	O
the	O
bispectral	O
index	O
(	O
BIS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
patients	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
either	O
deep	O
(	O
BIS	O
,	O
approximately	O
50	O
)	O
or	O
light	O
(	O
BIS	O
,	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
80	O
)	O
sedation	O
.	O

Postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
as	O
defined	O
by	O
Diagnostic	O
and	O
Statistical	O
Manual	O
of	O
Mental	B-Disease
Disorders	I-Disease
(	O
Third	O
Edition	O
Revised	O
)	O
criteria	O
using	O
the	O
Confusion	O
Assessment	O
Method	O
beginning	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
from	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
after	O
surgery	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
From	O
April	O
2	O
,	O
2005	O
,	O
through	O
October	O
30	O
,	O
2008	O
,	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
114	O
patients	O
were	O
randomized	O
.	O

The	O
prevalence	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
light	O
sedation	O
group	O
(	O
11	O
/	O
57	O
[	O
19	O
%	O
]	O
vs	O
23	O
/	O
57	O
[	O
40	O
%	O
]	O
in	O
the	O
deep	O
sedation	O
group	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
1	O
incident	O
of	O
delirium	B-Disease
will	O
be	O
prevented	O
for	O
every	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
light	O
sedation	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
number	O
of	O
days	O
of	O
delirium	B-Disease
during	O
hospitalization	O
was	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
light	O
sedation	O
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
deep	O
sedation	O
group	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
days	O
vs	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
0	O
days	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
use	O
of	O
light	O
propofol	B-Chemical
sedation	O
decreased	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
by	O
50	O
%	O
compared	O
with	O
deep	O
sedation	O
.	O

Limiting	O
depth	O
of	O
sedation	O
during	O
spinal	O
anesthesia	O
is	O
a	O
simple	O
,	O
safe	O
,	O
and	O
cost	O
-	O
effective	O
intervention	O
for	O
preventing	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
widely	O
and	O
readily	O
adopted	O
.	O

The	O
protective	O
role	O
of	O
Nrf2	O
in	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
causes	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
accompanied	O
by	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
(	O
ROS	O
)	O
.	O

Nrf2	O
is	O
the	O
primary	O
transcription	O
factor	O
that	O
controls	O
the	O
antioxidant	O
response	O
essential	O
for	O
maintaining	O
cellular	O
redox	O
homeostasis	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
report	O
our	O
findings	O
demonstrating	O
a	O
protective	O
role	O
of	O
Nrf2	O
against	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

RESEARCH	O
DESIGN	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
explore	O
the	O
protective	O
role	O
of	O
Nrf2	O
against	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
using	O
human	O
kidney	O
biopsy	O
tissues	O
from	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
patients	O
,	O
a	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
model	O
in	O
Nrf2	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
cultured	O
human	O
mesangial	O
cells	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
glomeruli	O
of	O
human	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
patients	O
were	O
under	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
had	O
elevated	O
Nrf2	O
levels	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
animal	O
study	O
,	O
Nrf2	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
to	O
be	O
crucial	O
in	O
ameliorating	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
is	O
evident	O
by	O
Nrf2	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
having	O
higher	O
ROS	O
production	O
and	O
suffering	O
from	O
greater	O
oxidative	O
DNA	O
damage	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
Nrf2	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
)	O
mice	O
.	O

Mechanistic	O
studies	O
in	O
both	O
in	O
vivo	O
and	O
in	O
vitro	O
systems	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
Nrf2	O
-	O
mediated	O
protection	O
against	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
is	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
,	O
partially	O
through	O
inhibition	O
of	O
transforming	O
growth	O
factor	O
-	O
beta1	O
(	O
TGF	O
-	O
beta1	O
)	O
and	O
reduction	O
of	O
extracellular	O
matrix	O
production	O
.	O

In	O
human	O
renal	O
mesangial	O
cells	O
,	O
high	O
glucose	B-Chemical
induced	O
ROS	O
production	O
and	O
activated	O
expression	O
of	O
Nrf2	O
and	O
its	O
downstream	O
genes	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
activation	O
or	O
overexpression	O
of	O
Nrf2	O
inhibited	O
the	O
promoter	O
activity	O
of	O
TGF	O
-	O
beta1	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
,	O
whereas	O
knockdown	O
of	O
Nrf2	O
by	O
siRNA	O
enhanced	O
TGF	O
-	O
beta1	O
transcription	O
and	O
fibronectin	O
production	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
This	O
work	O
clearly	O
indicates	O
a	O
protective	O
role	O
of	O
Nrf2	O
in	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
dietary	O
or	O
therapeutic	O
activation	O
of	O
Nrf2	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
strategy	O
to	O
prevent	O
or	O
slow	O
down	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Metformin	B-Chemical
prevents	O
experimental	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
by	O
a	O
mitochondria	O
-	O
dependent	O
pathway	O
.	O

The	O
antidiabetic	O
drug	O
metformin	B-Chemical
can	O
diminish	O
apoptosis	O
induced	O
by	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
in	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
and	O
prevent	O
vascular	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
even	O
in	O
nondiabetic	O
patients	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
tested	O
whether	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Mitochondrial	O
analysis	O
,	O
respiration	O
intensity	O
,	O
levels	O
of	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
,	O
permeability	O
transition	O
,	O
and	O
cytochrome	O
c	O
release	O
were	O
assessed	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
days	O
after	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Metformin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
fully	O
blocked	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
was	O
accompanied	O
by	O
a	O
lower	O
activity	O
of	O
N	O
-	O
acetyl	O
-	O
beta	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
glucosaminidase	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
and	O
increase	O
of	O
antioxidant	O
systems	O
.	O

Metformin	B-Chemical
also	O
protected	O
the	O
kidney	O
from	O
histological	O
damage	O
6	O
days	O
after	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

These	O
in	O
vivo	O
markers	O
of	O
kidney	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
their	O
correction	O
by	O
metformin	B-Chemical
were	O
complemented	O
by	O
in	O
vitro	O
studies	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
function	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
that	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
depleted	O
respiratory	O
components	O
(	O
cytochrome	O
c	O
,	O
NADH	O
)	O
,	O
probably	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
transition	O
pores	O
.	O

These	O
injuries	O
,	O
partly	O
mediated	O
by	O
a	O
rise	O
in	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
from	O
the	O
electron	O
transfer	O
chain	O
,	O
were	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
by	O
metformin	B-Chemical
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
our	O
study	O
suggests	O
that	O
pleiotropic	O
effects	O
of	O
metformin	B-Chemical
can	O
lessen	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
improve	O
mitochondrial	O
homeostasis	O
.	O

Risk	O
of	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
after	O
consumption	O
of	O
nonionic	O
contrast	B-Chemical
media	I-Chemical
by	O
children	O
undergoing	O
cardiac	O
angiography	O
:	O
a	O
prospective	O
study	O
.	O

Despite	O
increasing	O
reports	O
on	O
nonionic	O
contrast	B-Chemical
media	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
(	O
CIN	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
hospitalized	O
adult	O
patients	O
during	O
cardiac	O
procedures	O
,	O
the	O
studies	O
in	O
pediatrics	O
are	O
limited	O
,	O
with	O
even	O
less	O
focus	O
on	O
possible	O
predisposing	O
factors	O
and	O
preventive	O
measures	O
for	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
cardiac	O
angiography	O
.	O

This	O
prospective	O
study	O
determined	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
CIN	B-Disease
for	O
two	O
nonionic	O
contrast	B-Chemical
media	I-Chemical
(	O
CM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
iopromide	B-Chemical
and	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
,	O
among	O
80	O
patients	O
younger	O
than	O
18	O
years	O
and	O
compared	O
the	O
rates	O
for	O
this	O
complication	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
the	O
type	O
and	O
dosage	O
of	O
CM	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
cyanosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
80	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
consecutively	O
received	O
either	O
iopromide	B-Chemical
(	O
group	O
A	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
40	O
)	O
or	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
(	O
group	O
B	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
40	O
)	O
.	O

Serum	O
sodium	B-Chemical
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
potassium	B-Chemical
(	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
(	O
Cr	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
measured	O
24	O
h	O
before	O
angiography	O
as	O
baseline	O
values	O
,	O
then	O
measured	O
again	O
at	O
12	O
-	O
,	O
24	O
-	O
,	O
and	O
48	O
-	O
h	O
intervals	O
after	O
CM	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Urine	O
samples	O
for	O
Na	B-Chemical
and	O
Cr	B-Chemical
also	O
were	O
checked	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
intervals	O
.	O

Risk	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
Injury	B-Disease
to	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
,	O
Failure	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
,	O
Loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
End	O
-	O
stage	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
(	O
RIFLE	O
criteria	O
)	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
define	O
CIN	B-Disease
and	O
its	O
incidence	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
population	O
.	O

Accordingly	O
,	O
among	O
the	O
15	O
CIN	B-Disease
patients	O
(	O
18	O
.	O
75	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
in	O
group	O
A	O
had	O
increased	O
risk	O
and	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
%	O
had	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
group	O
B	O
had	O
increased	O
risk	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
had	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Whereas	O
33	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
CIN	B-Disease
were	O
among	O
those	O
who	O
received	O
the	O
proper	O
dosage	O
of	O
CM	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
percentage	O
increased	O
to	O
66	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
among	O
those	O
who	O
received	O
larger	O
doses	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
CIN	B-Disease
related	O
to	O
the	O
different	O
dosages	O
of	O
CM	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
)	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
15	O
patients	O
with	O
CIN	B-Disease
,	O
6	O
had	O
cyanotic	O
congenital	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
the	O
incidence	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
from	O
that	O
for	O
the	O
noncyanotic	O
patients	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
243	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
clinically	O
silent	O
,	O
CIN	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
rare	O
in	O
pediatrics	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
depends	O
on	O
dosage	O
but	O
not	O
on	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
consumed	O
nonionic	O
CM	B-Chemical
,	O
nor	O
on	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
cyanosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
although	O
CIN	B-Disease
usually	O
is	O
reversible	O
,	O
more	O
concern	O
is	O
needed	O
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
such	O
a	O
complication	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

Renal	O
function	O
and	O
hemodynamics	O
during	O
prolonged	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
humans	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
on	O
glomerular	O
function	O
and	O
renal	O
blood	O
flow	O
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
20	O
human	O
subjects	O
.	O

Glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
(	O
GFR	O
)	O
and	O
effective	O
renal	O
plasma	O
flow	O
(	O
ERPF	O
)	O
were	O
measured	O
by	O
inulin	O
and	O
para	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminohippurate	I-Chemical
(	O
PAH	B-Chemical
)	O
clearance	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Anesthesia	O
was	O
maintained	O
with	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
nitrous	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
,	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
for	O
236	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
15	O
.	O
1	O
min	O
by	O
increasing	O
the	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
inspired	O
concentration	O
to	O
maintain	O
a	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
of	O
59	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
mmHg	O
.	O

GFR	O
and	O
ERPF	O
decreased	O
with	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
anesthesia	O
but	O
not	O
significantly	O
more	O
during	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Postoperatively	O
,	O
ERPF	O
returned	O
to	O
preoperative	O
values	O
,	O
whereas	O
GFR	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
preoperative	O
values	O
.	O

Renal	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
increased	O
during	O
anesthesia	O
but	O
decreased	O
when	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
maintenance	O
of	O
renal	O
blood	O
flow	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
renal	O
compensatory	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
preserved	O
during	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
that	O
renal	O
function	O
and	O
hemodynamics	O
quickly	O
return	O
to	O
normal	O
when	O
normotension	O
is	O
resumed	O
.	O

Brainstem	B-Disease
dysgenesis	I-Disease
in	O
an	O
infant	O
prenatally	O
exposed	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Many	O
authors	O
described	O
the	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
fetus	O
of	O
maternal	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
during	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

Vasoconstriction	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
common	O
mechanism	O
of	O
action	O
leading	O
to	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
fetal	B-Disease
anomalies	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
an	O
infant	O
with	O
multiple	B-Disease
cranial	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
involvement	I-Disease
attributable	O
to	O
brainstem	B-Disease
dysgenesis	I-Disease
,	O
born	O
to	O
a	O
cocaine	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
addicted	I-Disease
mother	O
.	O

A	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
and	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
on	O
bone	O
mineral	O
density	O
in	O
boys	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
on	O
trabecular	O
bone	O
mineral	O
density	O
(	O
BMD	O
)	O
in	O
children	O
and	O
adolescents	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Medically	O
healthy	O
7	O
-	O
to	O
17	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
males	O
chronically	O
treated	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
naturalistic	O
setting	O
,	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
were	O
recruited	O
for	O
this	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
study	O
through	O
child	O
psychiatry	O
outpatient	O
clinics	O
between	O
November	O
2005	O
and	O
June	O
2007	O
.	O

Anthropometric	O
measurements	O
and	O
laboratory	O
testing	O
were	O
conducted	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
diagnoses	O
were	O
based	O
on	O
chart	O
review	O
,	O
and	O
developmental	O
and	O
treatment	O
history	O
was	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
medical	O
record	O
.	O

Volumetric	O
BMD	O
of	O
the	O
ultradistal	O
radius	O
was	O
measured	O
using	O
peripheral	O
quantitative	O
computed	O
tomography	O
,	O
and	O
areal	O
BMD	O
of	O
the	O
lumbar	O
spine	O
was	O
estimated	O
using	O
dual	O
-	O
energy	O
x	O
-	O
ray	O
absorptiometry	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
was	O
present	O
in	O
49	O
%	O
of	O
83	O
boys	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
41	O
)	O
treated	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
for	O
a	O
mean	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
years	O
.	O

Serum	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
concentration	O
increased	O
with	O
pubertal	O
status	O
but	O
was	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

As	O
expected	O
,	O
bone	O
mineral	O
content	O
and	O
BMD	O
increased	O
with	O
sexual	O
maturity	O
.	O

After	O
adjusting	O
for	O
the	O
stage	O
of	O
sexual	O
development	O
and	O
height	O
and	O
BMI	O
z	O
scores	O
,	O
serum	O
prolactin	O
was	O
negatively	O
associated	O
with	O
trabecular	O
volumetric	O
BMD	O
at	O
the	O
ultradistal	O
radius	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
.	O

Controlling	O
for	O
relevant	O
covariates	O
,	O
we	O
also	O
found	O
treatment	O
with	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
(	O
SSRIs	O
)	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
lower	O
trabecular	O
BMD	O
at	O
the	O
radius	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
and	O
BMD	O
z	O
score	O
at	O
the	O
lumbar	O
spine	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
became	O
more	O
marked	O
when	O
the	O
analysis	O
was	O
restricted	O
to	O
non	O
-	O
Hispanic	O
white	O
patients	O
.	O

Of	O
13	O
documented	O
fractures	B-Disease
,	O
3	O
occurred	O
after	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
and	O
SSRIs	O
were	O
started	O
,	O
and	O
none	O
occurred	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
study	O
to	O
link	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
and	O
SSRI	O
treatment	O
to	O
lower	O
BMD	O
in	O
children	O
and	O
adolescents	O
.	O

Future	O
research	O
should	O
evaluate	O
the	O
longitudinal	O
course	O
of	O
this	O
adverse	O
event	O
to	O
determine	O
its	O
temporal	O
stability	O
and	O
whether	O
a	O
higher	O
fracture	O
rate	O
ensues	O
.	O

Fear	O
-	O
potentiated	O
startle	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
not	O
light	O
-	O
enhanced	O
startle	B-Disease
,	O
is	O
enhanced	O
by	O
anxiogenic	O
drugs	O
.	O

RATIONALE	O
AND	O
OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
light	O
-	O
enhanced	O
startle	B-Disease
paradigm	O
(	O
LES	O
)	O
is	O
suggested	O
to	O
model	O
anxiety	B-Disease
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
specific	O
cue	O
and	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
effect	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
fear	O
-	O
potentiated	O
startle	B-Disease
(	O
FPS	O
)	O
is	O
suggested	O
to	O
model	O
conditioned	O
fear	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
profiles	O
of	O
these	O
two	O
paradigms	O
are	O
very	O
similar	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
investigated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
putative	O
anxiogenic	O
drugs	O
on	O
LES	O
and	O
FPS	O
and	O
aimed	O
at	O
determining	O
the	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
LES	O
for	O
anxiogenic	O
drugs	O
and	O
to	O
potentially	O
showing	O
a	O
pharmacological	O
differentiation	O
between	O
these	O
two	O
paradigms	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
received	O
each	O
dose	O
of	O
the	O
alpha	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonist	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
(	O
2C	O
)	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
m	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chlorophenylpiperazine	I-Chemical
(	O
mCPP	B-Chemical
,	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
inverse	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
(	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
,	O
3	O
-	O
30mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
were	O
subsequently	O
tested	O
in	O
either	O
LES	O
or	O
FPS	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
the	O
drugs	O
enhanced	O
LES	O
,	O
whereas	O
mCPP	B-Chemical
increased	O
percentage	O
FPS	O
and	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
increased	O
absolute	O
FPS	O
values	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
increased	O
baseline	O
startle	B-Disease
amplitude	O
in	O
the	O
LES	O
,	O
while	O
mCPP	B-Chemical
suppressed	O
baseline	O
startle	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
the	O
LES	O
and	O
FPS	O
and	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
suppressed	O
baseline	O
startle	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
FPS	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
contrast	O
to	O
findings	O
in	O
the	O
FPS	O
paradigm	O
,	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
drugs	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
exacerbate	O
the	O
LES	O
response	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
a	O
clear	O
pharmacological	O
differentiation	O
was	O
found	O
between	O
LES	O
and	O
FPS	O
.	O

Rosaceiform	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
topical	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
herein	O
3	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
rosacea	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
eruptions	B-Disease
while	O
using	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
%	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
ointment	O
for	O
facial	B-Disease
dermatitis	I-Disease
.	O

Skin	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
showed	O
telangiectasia	B-Disease
and	O
noncaseating	O
epithelioid	O
granulomatous	O
tissue	O
formation	O
in	O
the	O
papillary	O
to	O
mid	O
dermis	O
.	O

Continuous	O
topical	O
use	O
of	O
immunomodulators	O
such	O
as	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
or	O
pimecrolimus	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
regarded	O
as	O
a	O
potential	O
cause	O
of	O
rosaceiform	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
,	O
although	O
many	O
cases	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

Coenzyme	B-Chemical
Q10	I-Chemical
treatment	O
ameliorates	O
acute	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
nephroprotective	O
effect	O
of	O
coenzyme	B-Chemical
Q10	I-Chemical
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
mice	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Coenzyme	B-Chemical
Q10	I-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
applied	O
for	O
6	O
consecutive	O
days	O
,	O
starting	O
1	O
day	O
before	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Coenzyme	B-Chemical
Q10	I-Chemical
significantly	O
reduced	O
blood	B-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
nitrogen	I-Chemical
and	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
which	O
were	O
increased	O
by	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Coenzyme	B-Chemical
Q10	I-Chemical
significantly	O
compensated	O
deficits	O
in	O
the	O
antioxidant	O
defense	O
mechanisms	O
(	O
reduced	B-Chemical
glutathione	I-Chemical
level	O
and	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
activity	O
)	O
,	O
suppressed	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
,	O
decreased	O
the	O
elevations	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
necrosis	B-Disease
factor	O
-	O
alpha	O
,	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
and	O
platinum	B-Chemical
ion	O
concentration	O
,	O
and	O
attenuated	O
the	O
reductions	O
of	O
selenium	B-Chemical
and	O
zinc	B-Chemical
ions	O
in	O
renal	O
tissue	O
resulted	O
from	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
histopathological	O
renal	B-Disease
tissue	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
mediated	O
by	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
was	O
ameliorated	O
by	O
coenzyme	B-Chemical
Q10	I-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
that	O
coenzyme	B-Chemical
Q10	I-Chemical
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
overexpression	O
of	O
inducible	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
,	O
nuclear	O
factor	O
-	O
kappaB	O
,	O
caspase	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
p53	O
in	O
renal	O
tissue	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
concluded	O
that	O
coenzyme	B-Chemical
Q10	I-Chemical
represents	O
a	O
potential	O
therapeutic	O
option	O
to	O
protect	O
against	O
acute	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
commonly	O
encountered	O
in	O
clinical	O
practice	O
.	O

Reversible	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
with	O
bile	B-Disease
duct	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
following	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

A	O
67	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
,	O
with	O
primary	O
polymyositis	B-Disease
and	O
without	O
previous	O
evidence	O
of	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
developed	O
clinical	O
and	O
biochemical	O
features	O
of	O
severe	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
3	O
months	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Liver	O
biopsy	O
showed	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
with	O
both	O
cytological	O
and	O
architectural	O
alterations	O
of	O
interlobular	O
bile	O
ducts	O
.	O

Azathioprine	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
resulted	O
after	O
7	O
weeks	O
in	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
clinical	O
and	O
biochemical	O
abnormalities	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
believed	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
of	O
reversible	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
histological	O
evidence	O
of	O
bile	B-Disease
duct	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Dopamine	B-Chemical
is	O
not	O
essential	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
widely	O
believed	O
that	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
mediates	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
METH	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
to	O
brain	O
dopaminergic	O
neurons	O
,	O
because	O
drugs	O
that	O
interfere	O
with	O
DA	B-Chemical
neurotransmission	O
decrease	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
drugs	O
that	O
increase	O
DA	B-Chemical
neurotransmission	O
enhance	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
temperature	O
effects	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
manipulate	O
brain	O
DA	B-Chemical
neurotransmission	O
confound	O
interpretation	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
recently	O
reported	O
ability	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxyphenylalanine	I-Chemical
to	O
reverse	O
the	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
para	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tyrosine	I-Chemical
on	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
DA	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
also	O
confounded	O
by	O
drug	O
effects	O
on	O
body	O
temperature	O
.	O

Further	O
,	O
we	O
show	O
that	O
mice	O
genetically	O
engineered	O
to	O
be	O
deficient	O
in	O
brain	O
DA	B-Chemical
develop	O
METH	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
the	O
thermic	O
effects	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
are	O
preserved	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
we	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
mice	O
genetically	O
engineered	O
to	O
have	O
unilateral	O
brain	O
DA	B-Chemical
deficits	O
develop	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
that	O
are	O
of	O
comparable	O
magnitude	O
on	O
both	O
sides	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

Taken	O
together	O
,	O
these	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
DA	B-Chemical
is	O
not	O
essential	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
suggest	O
that	O
mechanisms	O
independent	O
of	O
DA	B-Chemical
warrant	O
more	O
intense	O
investigation	O
.	O

Swallowing	O
-	O
induced	O
atrial	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmia	I-Disease
triggered	O
by	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
:	O
case	O
report	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
A	O
49	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
experienced	O
chest	O
discomfort	O
while	O
swallowing	O
.	O

On	O
electrocardiogram	O
,	O
episodes	O
of	O
atrial	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmia	I-Disease
were	O
recorded	O
immediately	O
after	O
swallowing	O
;	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
Holter	O
monitoring	O
recorded	O
several	O
events	O
.	O

The	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
resolved	O
after	O
therapy	O
with	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
recurred	O
a	O
year	O
later	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
noticed	O
that	O
before	O
these	O
episodes	O
he	O
had	O
been	O
using	O
an	O
inhalator	O
of	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
stopping	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
agonist	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
a	O
week	O
with	O
the	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
disappeared	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Swallowing	O
-	O
induced	O
atrial	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmia	I-Disease
(	O
SIAT	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
phenomenon	O
.	O

Fewer	O
than	O
50	O
cases	O
of	O
SIAT	B-Disease
have	O
been	O
described	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

This	O
article	O
summarizes	O
all	O
the	O
cases	O
published	O
,	O
creating	O
a	O
comprehensive	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
current	O
knowledge	O
and	O
approach	O
to	O
SIAT	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
discusses	O
demographics	O
,	O
clinical	O
characteristics	O
and	O
types	O
of	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
,	O
postulated	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
SIAT	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
different	O
treatment	O
possibilities	O
such	O
as	O
medications	O
,	O
surgery	O
,	O
and	O
radiofrequency	O
catheter	O
ablation	O
(	O
RFCA	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Salbutamol	B-Chemical
is	O
presented	O
here	O
as	O
a	O
possible	O
trigger	O
for	O
SIAT	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
it	O
is	O
difficult	O
to	O
define	O
causality	O
in	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
logical	O
to	O
think	O
that	O
a	O
beta	O
-	O
agonist	O
like	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
(	O
known	O
to	O
induce	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
)	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
trigger	O
of	O
adrenergic	O
reflexes	O
originating	O
in	O
the	O
esophagus	O
while	O
swallowing	O
and	O
that	O
a	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
such	O
as	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
(	O
that	O
blocks	O
the	O
adrenergic	O
activity	O
)	O
may	O
relieve	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
ability	O
of	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
to	O
reverse	O
or	O
prevent	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
function	O
caused	O
by	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
.	O

1	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
on	O
in	O
vivo	O
and	O
in	O
vitro	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
function	O
in	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

2	O
.	O

Diabetes	B-Disease
of	O
2	O
months	O
duration	O
resulted	O
in	O
decreases	O
in	O
body	O
weight	O
and	O
increases	O
in	O
fluid	O
consumption	O
,	O
urine	O
volume	O
,	O
frequency	O
of	O
micturition	O
,	O
and	O
average	O
volume	O
per	O
micturition	O
;	O
effects	O
which	O
were	O
prevented	O
by	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
.	O

3	O
.	O

Insulin	O
treatment	O
also	O
prevented	O
the	O
increases	O
in	O
contractile	O
responses	O
of	O
bladder	O
body	O
strips	O
from	O
diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
to	O
nerve	O
stimulation	O
,	O
ATP	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
bethanechol	B-Chemical
.	O

4	O
.	O

Diabetes	B-Disease
of	O
4	O
months	O
duration	O
also	O
resulted	O
in	O
decreases	O
in	O
body	O
weight	O
,	O
and	O
increases	O
in	O
fluid	O
consumption	O
,	O
urine	O
volume	O
,	O
frequency	O
of	O
micturition	O
,	O
and	O
average	O
volume	O
per	O
micturition	O
,	O
effects	O
which	O
were	O
reversed	O
by	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
for	O
the	O
final	O
2	O
months	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

5	O
.	O

Insulin	O
treatment	O
reversed	O
the	O
increases	O
in	O
contractile	O
responses	O
of	O
bladder	O
body	O
strips	O
from	O
diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
to	O
nerve	O
stimulation	O
,	O
ATP	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
bethanechol	B-Chemical
.	O

6	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
on	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
function	O
are	O
both	O
prevented	O
and	O
reversed	O
by	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
.	O

Glutamatergic	O
neurotransmission	O
mediated	O
by	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
in	O
the	O
inferior	O
colliculus	O
can	O
modulate	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
inferior	O
colliculus	O
(	O
IC	O
)	O
is	O
primarily	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
processing	O
of	O
auditory	O
information	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
distinguished	O
from	O
other	O
auditory	O
nuclei	O
in	O
the	O
brainstem	O
by	O
its	O
connections	O
with	O
structures	O
of	O
the	O
motor	O
system	O
.	O

Functional	O
evidence	O
relating	O
the	O
IC	O
to	O
motor	O
behavior	O
derives	O
from	O
experiments	O
showing	O
that	O
activation	O
of	O
the	O
IC	O
by	O
electrical	O
stimulation	O
or	O
excitatory	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
microinjection	O
causes	O
freezing	O
,	O
escape	O
-	O
like	O
behavior	O
,	O
and	O
immobility	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
this	O
immobility	O
is	O
still	O
unclear	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
examined	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
excitatory	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
mechanisms	O
in	O
the	O
IC	O
on	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
blocker	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
administered	O
systemically	O
(	O
1	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
was	O
challenged	O
with	O
prior	O
intracollicular	O
microinjections	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonists	O
,	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
(	O
15	O
or	O
30	O
mmol	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
)	O
and	O
AP7	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
or	O
20	O
nmol	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
of	O
the	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonist	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
d	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
,	O
20	O
or	O
30	O
nmol	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
showed	O
that	O
intracollicular	O
microinjection	O
of	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
and	O
AP7	B-Chemical
previous	O
to	O
systemic	O
injections	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
significantly	O
attenuated	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
indicated	O
by	O
a	O
reduced	O
latency	O
to	O
step	O
down	O
from	O
a	O
horizontal	O
bar	O
.	O

Accordingly	O
,	O
intracollicular	O
microinjection	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
latency	O
to	O
step	O
down	O
the	O
bar	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
mechanisms	O
in	O
the	O
neural	O
circuits	O
at	O
the	O
IC	O
level	O
influence	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
motor	O
activity	O
.	O

Severe	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
patient	O
on	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
presenting	O
with	O
myxedemic	B-Disease
coma	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
myxedema	B-Disease
coma	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
severe	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CHF	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
and	O
after	O
reviewing	O
the	O
literature	O
there	O
is	O
one	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
myxedema	B-Disease
coma	I-Disease
during	O
long	O
term	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Myxedema	B-Disease
coma	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
life	O
threatening	O
condition	O
that	O
carries	O
a	O
mortality	O
reaching	O
as	O
high	O
as	O
20	O
%	O
with	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
condition	O
is	O
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
thyroxine	B-Chemical
(	O
T4	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
intravenous	O
tri	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
iodo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
thyronine	I-Chemical
(	O
T3	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
CHF	B-Disease
on	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
may	O
suffer	O
serious	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
from	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
thus	O
may	O
deserve	O
closer	O
follow	O
up	O
for	O
thyroid	O
stimulating	O
hormone	O
(	O
TSH	O
)	O
levels	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
carries	O
an	O
important	O
clinical	O
application	O
given	O
the	O
frequent	O
usage	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
among	O
CHF	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
myriad	O
clinical	O
presentation	O
of	O
myxedema	B-Disease
coma	I-Disease
and	O
its	O
serious	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
stresses	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
suspect	O
this	O
clinical	O
syndrome	O
among	O
CHF	B-Disease
patients	O
presenting	O
with	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
weakness	B-Disease
or	O
other	O
unexplained	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
active	O
constituents	O
of	O
Crocus	O
sativus	O
L	O
.	O
,	O
crocin	B-Chemical
on	O
streptozocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
model	O
of	O
sporadic	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
involvement	O
of	O
water	O
-	O
soluble	O
carotenoids	B-Chemical
,	O
crocins	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
the	O
main	O
and	O
active	O
components	O
of	O
Crocus	O
sativus	O
L	O
.	O
extract	O
in	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
processes	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
crocins	B-Chemical
on	O
sporadic	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
intracerebroventricular	O
(	O
icv	O
)	O
streptozocin	B-Chemical
(	O
STZ	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
was	O
investigated	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Male	O
adult	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
90	O
and	O
260	O
-	O
290	O
g	O
)	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
1	O
,	O
control	O
;	O
2	O
and	O
3	O
,	O
crocins	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
and	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
;	O
4	O
,	O
STZ	B-Chemical
;	O
5	O
and	O
6	O
,	O
STZ	B-Chemical
+	O
crocins	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
and	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
groups	O
.	O

In	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
groups	O
,	O
rats	O
were	O
injected	O
with	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
icv	O
bilaterally	O
(	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
first	O
day	O
and	O
3	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
a	O
similar	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
icv	O
application	O
was	O
repeated	O
.	O

In	O
STZ	B-Chemical
+	O
crocin	B-Chemical
animal	O
groups	O
,	O
crocin	B-Chemical
was	O
applied	O
in	O
doses	O
of	O
15	O
and	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
one	O
day	O
pre	O
-	O
surgery	O
and	O
continued	O
for	O
three	O
weeks	O
.	O

Prescription	O
of	O
crocin	B-Chemical
in	O
each	O
dose	O
was	O
repeated	O
once	O
for	O
two	O
days	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
performance	O
was	O
assessed	O
using	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
paradigm	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
spatial	O
cognition	O
evaluation	O
,	O
Y	O
-	O
maze	O
task	O
was	O
used	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
It	O
was	O
found	O
out	O
that	O
crocin	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
-	O
treated	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
injected	O
rats	O
show	O
higher	O
correct	O
choices	O
and	O
lower	O
errors	O
in	O
Y	O
-	O
maze	O
than	O
vehicle	O
-	O
treated	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
injected	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
crocin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
mentioned	O
dose	O
could	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
learning	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
in	O
treated	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
injected	O
group	O
in	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
test	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Therefore	O
,	O
these	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
crocin	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
antagonizing	O
the	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
icv	O
in	O
rats	O
and	O
its	O
potential	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
neurodegenerative	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
such	O
as	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Serotonin	B-Chemical
6	O
receptor	O
gene	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
Japanese	O
population	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Altered	O
serotonergic	O
neural	O
transmission	O
is	O
hypothesized	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
susceptibility	O
factor	O
for	O
psychotic	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
such	O
as	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
6	O
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT6	I-Chemical
)	O
receptor	O
is	O
therapeutically	O
targeted	O
by	O
several	O
second	O
generation	O
antipsychotics	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
and	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amphetamine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
is	O
corrected	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
selective	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT6	I-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
disrupted	O
prepulse	O
inhibition	O
induced	O
by	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amphetamine	I-Chemical
or	O
phencyclidine	B-Chemical
was	O
restored	O
by	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT6	I-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
in	O
an	O
animal	O
study	O
using	O
rats	O
.	O

These	O
animal	O
models	O
were	O
considered	O
to	O
reflect	O
the	O
positive	O
symptoms	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
above	O
evidence	O
suggests	O
that	O
altered	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT6	I-Chemical
receptors	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
psychotic	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
symptoms	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
METH	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
are	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
paranoid	B-Disease
type	I-Disease
schizophrenia	I-Disease
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
we	O
conducted	O
an	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
association	O
of	O
the	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT6	I-Chemical
gene	O
(	O
HTR6	O
)	O
with	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Using	O
five	O
tagging	O
SNPs	O
(	O
rs6693503	O
,	O
rs1805054	O
,	O
rs4912138	O
,	O
rs3790757	O
and	O
rs9659997	O
)	O
,	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
genetic	O
association	O
analysis	O
of	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
samples	O
(	O
197	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
patients	O
and	O
337	O
controls	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
Japanese	O
population	O
.	O

The	O
age	O
and	O
sex	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
subjects	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
from	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
dependence	O
patients	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
rs6693503	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
patients	O
in	O
the	O
allele	O
/	O
genotype	O
-	O
wise	O
analysis	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
this	O
association	O
remained	O
significant	O
after	O
Bonferroni	O
correction	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
haplotype	O
-	O
wise	O
analysis	O
,	O
we	O
detected	O
an	O
association	O
between	O
two	O
markers	O
(	O
rs6693503	O
and	O
rs1805054	O
)	O
and	O
three	O
markers	O
(	O
rs6693503	O
,	O
rs1805054	O
and	O
rs4912138	O
)	O
in	O
HTR6	O
and	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
HTR6	O
may	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
Japanese	O
population	O
.	O

Neural	O
correlates	O
of	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ketamine	I-Chemical
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
during	O
overt	O
continuous	O
verbal	O
fluency	O
.	O

The	O
glutamatergic	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
receptor	O
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

Administered	O
to	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
,	O
a	O
subanesthetic	O
dose	O
of	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
competitive	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
leads	O
to	O
psychopathological	O
symptoms	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
observed	O
in	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
,	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
exacerbates	O
the	O
core	O
symptoms	O
of	O
illness	O
,	O
supporting	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
of	O
a	O
glutamatergic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
counterbalanced	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
design	O
,	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
were	O
administered	O
a	O
continuous	O
subanesthetic	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ketamine	I-Chemical
infusion	O
while	O
differences	O
in	O
BOLD	O
responses	O
measured	O
with	O
fMRI	O
were	O
detected	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
scanning	O
period	O
,	O
subjects	O
performed	O
continuous	O
overt	O
verbal	O
fluency	O
tasks	O
(	O
phonological	O
,	O
lexical	O
and	O
semantic	O
)	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychopathological	O
symptoms	O
were	O
assessed	O
with	O
the	O
Positive	O
and	O
Negative	O
Syndrome	O
Scale	O
(	O
PANSS	O
)	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
elicited	O
psychosis	B-Disease
like	O
psychopathology	O
.	O

Post	O
-	O
hoc	O
t	O
-	O
tests	O
revealed	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
placebo	O
and	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
amounts	O
of	O
words	O
generated	O
during	O
lexical	O
and	O
semantic	O
verbal	O
fluency	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
phonological	O
domain	O
remained	O
unaffected	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
led	O
to	O
enhanced	O
cortical	O
activations	O
in	O
supramarginal	O
and	O
frontal	O
brain	O
regions	O
for	O
phonological	O
and	O
lexical	O
verbal	O
fluency	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
for	O
semantic	O
verbal	O
fluency	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
induces	O
activation	O
changes	O
in	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
frontal	O
and	O
temporal	O
brain	O
regions	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
provide	O
further	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
of	O
an	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
dysfunction	O
in	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
prognosis	O
for	O
transplant	O
-	O
free	O
survivors	O
of	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
prognosis	O
for	O
transplant	O
-	O
free	O
survivors	O
of	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
remains	O
unknown	O
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
To	O
examine	O
whether	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
increases	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
mortality	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
followed	O
up	O
all	O
transplant	O
-	O
free	O
survivors	O
of	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
hospitalized	O
in	O
a	O
Danish	O
national	O
referral	O
centre	O
during	O
1984	O
-	O
2004	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
age	O
-	O
specific	O
mortality	O
rates	O
from	O
1	O
year	O
post	O
-	O
discharge	O
through	O
2008	O
between	O
those	O
in	O
whom	O
the	O
liver	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
led	O
to	O
an	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
those	O
in	O
whom	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
included	O
641	O
patients	O
.	O

On	O
average	O
,	O
age	O
-	O
specific	O
mortality	O
rates	O
were	O
slightly	O
higher	O
for	O
the	O
101	O
patients	O
whose	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
had	O
caused	O
an	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
adjusted	O
mortality	O
rate	O
ratio	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
70	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
02	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
85	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
association	O
was	O
age	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
survivors	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
died	O
of	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
suicides	O
were	O
frequent	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

These	O
observations	O
speak	O
against	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
effects	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

More	O
likely	O
,	O
the	O
elevated	O
mortality	O
rate	O
ratio	O
resulted	O
from	O
incomplete	O
adjustment	O
for	O
the	O
greater	O
prevalence	O
of	O
substance	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
among	O
survivors	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
did	O
not	O
affect	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
mortality	O
.	O

Clinical	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
may	O
be	O
justified	O
by	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
liver	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
not	O
by	O
the	O
liver	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
itself	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
characterization	O
of	O
a	O
dual	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A2A	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
A1	I-Chemical
receptor	I-Chemical
antagonist	I-Chemical
in	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
in	O
vivo	O
characterization	O
of	O
a	O
dual	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2A	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
receptor	I-Chemical
antagonist	I-Chemical
in	O
several	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
is	O
described	O
.	O

Discovery	O
and	O
scale	O
-	O
up	O
syntheses	O
of	O
compound	O
1	O
are	O
described	O
in	O
detail	O
,	O
highlighting	O
optimization	O
steps	O
that	O
increased	O
the	O
overall	O
yield	O
of	O
1	O
from	O
10	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
to	O
30	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
.	O

Compound	O
1	O
is	O
a	O
potent	O
A	O
(	O
2A	O
)	O
/	O
A	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
in	O
vitro	O
(	O
A	O
(	O
2A	O
)	O
K	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
=	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
nM	O
;	O
A	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
K	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
=	O
17	O
.	O
0	O
nM	O
)	O
that	O
has	O
excellent	O
activity	O
,	O
after	O
oral	O
administration	O
,	O
across	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
including	O
mouse	O
and	O
rat	O
models	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
mouse	O
model	O
of	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
akinesia	B-Disease
,	O
rat	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxydopamine	I-Chemical
(	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
)	O
lesion	O
model	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
rotation	O
,	O
and	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
non	O
-	O
human	O
primate	O
model	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampal	O
deep	O
brain	O
stimulation	O
on	O
cortical	O
epileptic	B-Disease
discharges	O
in	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
model	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
Experimental	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
have	O
revealed	O
that	O
hippocampal	O
DBS	O
can	O
control	O
epileptic	B-Disease
activity	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
action	O
is	O
obscure	O
and	O
optimal	O
stimulation	O
parameters	O
are	O
not	O
clearly	O
defined	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
high	O
frequency	O
hippocampal	O
stimulation	O
on	O
cortical	O
epileptic	B-Disease
activity	O
in	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
model	O
.	O

MATERIAL	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
five	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
implanted	O
DBS	O
electrodes	O
.	O

In	O
group	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
hippocampal	O
DBS	O
was	O
off	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
-	O
2	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
hippocampal	O
DBS	O
was	O
on	O
(	O
185	O
Hz	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
5V	O
,	O
1V	O
,	O
2V	O
,	O
and	O
5V	O
for	O
60	O
sec	O
)	O
following	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
G	I-Chemical
injection	O
intracortically	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
hippocampal	O
DBS	O
was	O
on	O
following	O
8	O
l	O
saline	O
injection	O
intracortically	O
.	O

EEG	O
recordings	O
were	O
obtained	O
before	O
and	O
15	O
minutes	O
following	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
G	I-Chemical
injection	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
10th	O
minutes	O
following	O
each	O
stimulus	O
for	O
analysis	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
frequency	O
,	O
amplitude	O
,	O
and	O
power	O
spectrum	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
High	O
frequency	O
hippocampal	O
DBS	O
suppressed	O
the	O
acute	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cortical	O
epileptic	B-Disease
activity	O
independent	O
from	O
stimulus	O
intensity	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
hippocampal	O
stimulation	O
alone	O
lead	O
only	O
to	O
diffuse	O
slowing	O
of	O
cerebral	O
bioelectrical	O
activity	O
at	O
5V	O
stimulation	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
results	O
revealed	O
that	O
continuous	O
high	O
frequency	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
suppressed	O
acute	O
cortical	O
epileptic	B-Disease
activity	O
effectively	O
without	O
causing	O
secondary	O
epileptic	B-Disease
discharges	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
are	O
important	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
defining	O
the	O
optimal	O
parameters	O
of	O
hippocampal	O
DBS	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
.	O

CCNU	B-Chemical
(	O
lomustine	B-Chemical
)	O
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
dogs	O
:	O
a	O
retrospective	O
study	O
(	O
2002	O
-	O
07	O
)	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
haematological	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
gastrointestinal	I-Disease
toxicities	I-Disease
in	O
tumour	O
-	O
bearing	O
dogs	O
receiving	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloroethyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
cyclohexyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitrosourea	I-Chemical
(	O
CCNU	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
The	O
medical	O
records	O
of	O
206	O
dogs	O
that	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
CCNU	B-Chemical
at	O
the	O
Melbourne	O
Veterinary	O
Specialist	O
Centre	O
between	O
February	O
2002	O
and	O
December	O
2007	O
were	O
retrospectively	O
evaluated	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Of	O
the	O
206	O
dogs	O
treated	O
with	O
CCNU	B-Chemical
,	O
185	O
met	O
the	O
inclusion	O
criteria	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
class	O
of	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

CCNU	B-Chemical
was	O
used	O
most	O
commonly	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
,	O
mast	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
tumour	I-Disease
,	O
brain	B-Disease
tumour	I-Disease
,	O
histiocytic	B-Disease
tumours	I-Disease
and	O
epitheliotropic	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

Throughout	O
treatment	O
,	O
56	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
of	O
dogs	O
experienced	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
,	O
34	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
experienced	O
anaemia	B-Disease
and	O
14	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
experienced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

Gastrointestinal	B-Disease
toxicosis	I-Disease
was	O
detected	O
in	O
37	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
dogs	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
sign	O
of	O
which	O
was	O
vomiting	B-Disease
(	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Potential	O
renal	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
elevated	O
alanine	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
(	O
ALT	O
)	O
concentration	O
were	O
reported	O
in	O
12	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
and	O
48	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
dogs	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
hepatic	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
was	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
CCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
dogs	O
is	O
common	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
usually	O
not	O
life	O
threatening	O
.	O

Central	O
vein	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
and	O
topical	O
dipivalyl	B-Chemical
epinephrine	I-Chemical
.	O

A	O
report	O
is	O
given	O
on	O
an	O
83	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
who	O
acquired	O
central	O
vein	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
in	O
her	O
seeing	O
eye	O
one	O
day	O
after	O
having	O
started	O
topical	O
medication	O
with	O
dipivalyl	B-Chemical
epinephrine	I-Chemical
for	O
advanced	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
discovered	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
eye	O
.	O

From	O
present	O
knowledge	O
about	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
adrenergic	O
eye	O
drops	O
on	O
ocular	O
blood	O
circulation	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
difficult	O
to	O
suggest	O
an	O
association	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
events	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
coincidental	O
only	O
.	O

Benzylacyclouridine	B-Chemical
reverses	O
azidothymidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
marrow	B-Disease
suppression	I-Disease
without	O
impairment	O
of	O
anti	O
-	O
human	O
immunodeficiency	B-Disease
virus	O
activity	O
.	O

Increased	O
extracellular	O
concentrations	O
of	O
uridine	B-Chemical
(	O
Urd	B-Chemical
)	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
reduce	O
,	O
in	O
vitro	O
,	O
azidothymidine	B-Chemical
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
inhibition	O
of	O
human	O
granulocyte	O
-	O
macrophage	O
progenitor	O
cells	O
without	O
impairment	O
of	O
its	O
antihuman	O
immunodeficiency	B-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HIV	O
)	O
activity	O
.	O

Because	O
of	O
the	O
clinical	O
toxicities	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
chronic	O
Urd	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
benzylacyclouridine	B-Chemical
(	O
BAU	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
effect	O
,	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
and	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
.	O

This	O
agent	O
inhibits	O
Urd	B-Chemical
catabolism	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
increases	O
the	O
plasma	O
concentration	O
of	O
Urd	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
,	O
without	O
Urd	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
mice	O
rendered	O
anemic	B-Disease
and	O
leukopenic	B-Disease
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
AZT	B-Chemical
for	O
28	O
days	O
in	O
drinking	O
water	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
continued	O
administration	O
of	O
AZT	B-Chemical
plus	O
daily	O
BAU	B-Chemical
(	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
orally	O
)	O
partially	O
reversed	O
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
and	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
increased	O
peripheral	O
reticulocytes	O
(	O
to	O
4	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
increased	O
cellularity	O
in	O
the	O
marrow	O
,	O
and	O
improved	O
megaloblastosis	B-Disease
.	O

When	O
coadministered	O
with	O
AZT	B-Chemical
from	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
drug	O
administration	O
,	O
BAU	B-Chemical
reduced	O
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
marrow	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
vitro	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
concentration	O
of	O
100	O
mumol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
BAU	B-Chemical
possesses	O
minimal	O
anti	O
-	O
HIV	O
activity	O
and	O
has	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
AZT	B-Chemical
to	O
reverse	O
the	O
HIV	O
-	O
induced	O
cytopathic	O
effect	O
in	O
MT4	O
cells	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
and	O
biochemical	O
implications	O
of	O
these	O
findings	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Lethal	O
anuria	B-Disease
complicating	O
high	O
dose	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
in	O
a	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patient	O
with	O
an	O
impaired	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
sixty	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
advanced	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
previously	O
treated	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
developed	O
an	O
irreversible	O
lethal	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
with	O
anuria	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
day	O
after	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
bolus	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Postrenal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
was	O
excluded	O
by	O
echography	O
.	O

A	O
prerenal	O
component	O
could	O
have	O
contributed	O
to	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
because	O
of	O
a	O
transient	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increasing	O
ascitis	O
,	O
occurring	O
just	O
before	O
anuria	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
correction	O
of	O
the	O
hemodynamic	O
parameters	O
did	O
not	O
improve	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

Ifosfamide	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
known	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
drug	O
with	O
demonstrated	O
tubulopathies	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
strongly	O
suspect	O
that	O
this	O
lethal	O
anuria	B-Disease
was	O
mainly	O
due	O
to	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
,	O
occurring	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
having	O
received	O
previous	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
and	O
with	O
poor	O
kidney	O
perfusion	O
due	O
to	O
transient	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
recommend	O
careful	O
use	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
pretreated	O
with	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
chemotherapy	O
and	O
inadequate	O
renal	O
perfusion	O
.	O

Nociceptive	O
effects	O
induced	O
by	O
intrathecal	O
administration	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
D2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
or	I-Chemical
F2	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
to	O
conscious	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
intrathecal	O
administration	O
of	O
prostaglandins	B-Chemical
on	O
pain	B-Disease
responses	O
in	O
conscious	O
mice	O
were	O
evaluated	O
by	O
using	O
hot	O
plate	O
and	O
acetic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
writhing	O
tests	O
.	O

Prostaglandin	B-Chemical
D2	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
mouse	O
)	O
had	O
a	O
hyperalgesic	B-Disease
action	O
on	O
the	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
hot	O
plate	O
during	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
60	O
min	O
period	O
after	O
injection	O
.	O

Prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
showed	O
a	O
hyperalgesic	B-Disease
effect	O
at	O
doses	O
of	O
1	O
pg	B-Chemical
to	O
10	O
ng	O
/	O
mouse	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
effect	O
lasted	O
shorter	O
(	O
3	O
-	O
30	O
min	O
)	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
D2	I-Chemical
.	O

Similar	O
results	O
were	O
obtained	O
by	O
acetic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
writhing	O
tests	O
.	O

The	O
hyperalgesic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
D2	I-Chemical
was	O
blocked	O
by	O
simultaneous	O
injection	O
of	O
a	O
substance	O
P	O
antagonist	O
(	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
100	O
ng	O
)	O
but	O
not	O
by	O
AH6809	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
prostanoid	O
EP1	O
-	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
was	O
blocked	O
by	O
AH6809	B-Chemical
(	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
500	O
ng	O
)	O
but	O
not	O
by	O
the	O
substance	O
P	O
antagonist	O
.	O

Prostaglandin	B-Chemical
F2	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
had	O
little	O
effect	O
on	O
pain	B-Disease
responses	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
both	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
D2	I-Chemical
and	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
exert	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
spinal	O
cord	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
different	O
ways	O
.	O

D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
localized	B-Disease
scleroderma	I-Disease
.	O

Localized	B-Disease
scleroderma	I-Disease
has	O
no	O
recognized	O
internal	O
organ	O
involvement	O
but	O
may	O
be	O
disfiguring	O
and	O
disabling	O
when	O
the	O
cutaneous	O
lesions	O
are	O
extensive	O
or	O
affect	O
children	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
accepted	O
or	O
proven	O
treatment	O
for	O
localized	B-Disease
scleroderma	I-Disease
.	O

Case	O
reports	O
of	O
11	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
,	O
extensive	O
localized	B-Disease
scleroderma	I-Disease
who	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
are	O
summarized	O
in	O
this	O
article	O
.	O

This	O
drug	O
was	O
judged	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
favorable	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
disease	O
course	O
in	O
7	O
(	O
64	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
11	O
patients	O
.	O

Improvement	O
began	O
within	O
3	O
to	O
6	O
months	O
and	O
consisted	O
of	O
cessation	O
of	O
active	O
cutaneous	O
lesions	O
in	O
all	O
7	O
patients	O
,	O
skin	O
softening	O
in	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
more	O
normal	O
growth	O
of	O
the	O
affected	O
limb	O
in	O
2	O
of	O
3	O
children	O
.	O

Joint	O
stiffness	O
and	O
contractures	B-Disease
also	O
improved	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
associated	O
with	O
a	O
favorable	O
response	O
was	O
as	O
low	O
as	O
2	O
to	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
given	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
ranging	O
from	O
15	O
to	O
53	O
months	O
.	O

D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Penicillamine	I-Chemical
caused	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
1	O
patient	O
and	O
milder	O
reversible	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
in	O
3	O
other	O
patients	O
;	O
none	O
developed	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
severe	O
cases	O
of	O
localized	B-Disease
scleroderma	I-Disease
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
as	O
a	O
potential	O
hazard	O
of	O
antifibrinolytic	O
treatment	O
in	O
menorrhagia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
42	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
who	O
developed	O
superior	O
sagittal	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
left	I-Disease
transverse	I-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
prolonged	O
epsilon	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminocaproic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
menorrhagia	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
antifibrinolytic	O
agent	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
menorrhagia	B-Disease
to	O
promote	O
clotting	O
and	O
reduce	O
blood	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

Although	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
epsilon	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminocaproic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
cerebral	B-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
has	O
not	O
been	O
previously	O
described	O
.	O

Careful	O
use	O
of	O
epsilon	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminocaproic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
therapy	O
is	O
recommended	O
.	O

Seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
with	O
imipenem	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
incidence	O
and	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Two	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
either	O
cerebral	B-Disease
vascular	I-Disease
accident	I-Disease
(	O
CVA	B-Disease
)	O
or	O
head	B-Disease
trauma	I-Disease
and	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
developed	O
seizures	B-Disease
while	O
receiving	O
maximum	O
doses	O
of	O
imipenem	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
cilastatin	I-Chemical
.	O

Neither	O
patient	O
had	O
reported	O
previous	O
seizures	B-Disease
or	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
activity	O
nor	O
was	O
receiving	O
anticonvulsant	O
agents	O
.	O

All	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
controlled	O
with	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
.	O

Both	O
patients	O
had	O
received	O
maximum	O
doses	O
of	O
other	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lactam	I-Chemical
antibiotics	O
without	O
evidence	O
of	O
seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
.	O

Midline	O
B3	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
nerves	O
in	O
rat	O
medulla	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
.	O

Previous	O
experiments	O
in	O
this	O
laboratory	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
microinjection	O
of	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
onto	O
the	O
ventrolateral	O
cells	O
of	O
the	O
B3	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
medulla	O
elicits	O
a	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	O
mediated	O
by	O
a	O
projection	O
descending	O
into	O
the	O
spinal	O
cord	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
experiments	O
were	O
designed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
midline	O
cells	O
of	O
the	O
B3	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
medulla	O
,	O
coinciding	O
with	O
the	O
raphe	O
magnus	O
.	O

In	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
-	O
prone	O
rats	O
,	O
microinjection	O
of	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
the	O
midline	O
B3	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
cell	O
group	O
in	O
the	O
ventral	O
medulla	O
caused	O
a	O
potent	O
hypotension	B-Disease
of	O
30	O
-	O
40	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
maximal	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
h	O
after	O
administration	O
and	O
was	O
abolished	O
by	O
the	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
neurotoxin	O
5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxytryptamine	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DHT	I-Chemical
)	O
injected	O
intracerebroventricularly	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
intraspinal	O
injection	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DHT	I-Chemical
to	O
produce	O
a	O
more	O
selective	O
lesion	O
of	O
only	O
descending	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
projections	O
in	O
the	O
spinal	O
cord	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
this	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Further	O
,	O
5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DHT	I-Chemical
lesion	O
of	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
nerves	O
travelling	O
in	O
the	O
median	O
forebrain	O
bundle	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
ascending	O
pathways	O
from	O
the	O
B3	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
cells	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
fall	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
midline	O
B3	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
methyldopa	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
therefore	O
that	O
,	O
unlike	O
the	O
ventrolateral	O
B3	O
cells	O
which	O
mediate	O
a	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
via	O
descending	O
projections	O
,	O
the	O
midline	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
B3	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
medulla	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
action	O
of	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
,	O
either	O
by	O
way	O
of	O
an	O
ascending	O
projection	O
which	O
does	O
not	O
pass	O
through	O
the	O
median	O
forebrain	O
bundle	O
,	O
or	O
through	O
a	O
projection	O
restricted	O
to	O
the	O
caudal	O
brainstem	O
.	O

Antiarrhythmic	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
on	O
canine	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

Using	O
two	O
-	O
stage	O
coronary	O
ligation	O
-	O
,	O
digitalis	B-Chemical
-	O
,	O
and	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
canine	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
,	O
antiarrhythmic	O
effects	O
of	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
were	O
examined	O
and	O
the	O
minimum	O
effective	O
plasma	O
concentration	O
for	O
each	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
model	O
was	O
determined	O
.	O

Cibenzoline	B-Chemical
suppressed	O
all	O
the	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
minimum	O
effective	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
for	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
24	O
-	O
h	O
coronary	O
ligation	O
,	O
48	O
-	O
h	O
coronary	O
ligation	O
,	O
digitalis	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
were	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
by	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
by	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
(	O
by	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
by	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
micrograms	O
/	O
ml	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SDM	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
-	O
7	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
concentration	O
for	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
those	O
for	O
the	O
other	O
types	O
of	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
pharmacological	O
profile	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
mexiletine	B-Chemical
and	O
tocainide	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
all	O
three	O
drugs	O
have	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
CNS	O
)	O
stimulant	O
action	O
.	O

Because	O
cibenzoline	B-Chemical
had	O
only	O
weak	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
and	O
sinus	O
node	O
depressive	B-Disease
effects	O
and	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
orally	O
active	O
when	O
given	O
to	O
coronary	O
ligation	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
dogs	O
,	O
its	O
clinical	O
usefulness	O
is	O
expected	O
.	O

Continuous	O
ambulatory	O
ECG	O
monitoring	O
during	O
fluorouracil	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
a	O
prospective	O
study	O
.	O

Although	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
anecdotal	O
reports	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
fluorouracil	B-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
,	O
this	O
phenomenon	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
studied	O
in	O
a	O
systematic	O
fashion	O
.	O

We	O
prospectively	O
performed	O
continuous	O
ambulatory	O
ECG	O
monitoring	O
on	O
25	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
solid	O
tumors	B-Disease
in	O
order	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
ST	O
changes	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
monitored	O
for	O
23	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
hours	O
before	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
and	O
98	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
hours	O
during	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

Anginal	B-Disease
episodes	O
were	O
rare	O
:	O
only	O
one	O
patient	O
had	O
angina	B-Disease
(	O
during	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
asymptomatic	O
ST	O
changes	O
(	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
1	O
mm	O
ST	O
deviation	O
)	O
were	O
common	O
:	O
six	O
of	O
25	O
patients	O
(	O
24	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
ST	O
changes	O
before	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
v	O
17	O
(	O
68	O
%	O
)	O
during	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
episodes	O
per	O
patient	O
per	O
hour	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
prior	O
to	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
v	O
0	O
.	O
13	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
during	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
ECG	O
changes	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
minutes	O
per	O
patient	O
per	O
hour	O
before	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
v	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
minutes	O
per	O
patient	O
per	O
hour	O
during	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

ECG	O
changes	O
were	O
more	O
common	O
among	O
patients	O
with	O
known	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

There	O
were	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
sudden	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
,	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
occurred	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
course	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
infusion	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
silent	O
ST	O
segment	O
deviation	O
suggestive	O
of	O
ischemia	B-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
among	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
and	O
clinical	O
significance	O
of	O
these	O
ECG	O
changes	O
remain	O
to	O
be	O
determined	O
.	O

Nature	O
,	O
time	O
course	O
and	O
dose	O
dependence	O
of	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
side	O
effects	O
:	O
results	O
from	O
the	O
Multicenter	O
Canadian	O
Azidothymidine	B-Chemical
Trial	O
.	O

To	O
characterize	O
the	O
nature	O
,	O
time	O
course	O
and	O
dose	O
dependency	O
of	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
side	O
effects	O
,	O
we	O
undertook	O
a	O
multicenter	O
,	O
prospective	O
,	O
dose	O
-	O
range	O
finding	O
study	O
.	O

Our	O
study	O
group	O
consisted	O
of	O
74	O
HIV	O
-	O
positive	O
homosexual	O
men	O
belonging	O
to	O
groups	O
II	O
B	O
,	O
III	O
and	O
IV	O
C2	O
from	O
the	O
Centers	O
for	O
Disease	O
Control	O
(	O
CDC	O
)	O
classification	O
of	O
HIV	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Following	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
observation	O
period	O
,	O
volunteers	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
600	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
18	O
weeks	O
,	O
900	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
9	O
weeks	O
and	O
1200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
9	O
weeks	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
washout	O
period	O
of	O
6	O
weeks	O
after	O
which	O
they	O
were	O
re	O
-	O
started	O
on	O
1200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
or	O
the	O
highest	O
tolerated	O
dose	O
at	O
8	O
-	O
hourly	O
intervals	O
.	O

Subjects	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
4	O
-	O
hourly	O
or	O
8	O
-	O
hourly	O
regimens	O
within	O
CDC	O
groups	O
while	O
taking	O
600	O
and	O
1200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
.	O

Clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
evaluations	O
were	O
performed	O
at	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
intervals	O
.	O

Symptomatic	O
adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
present	O
in	O
96	O
%	O
of	O
subjects	O
,	O
most	O
commonly	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
64	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
fatigue	B-Disease
(	O
55	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
headache	B-Disease
(	O
49	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
were	O
generally	O
self	O
-	O
limited	O
,	O
reappearing	O
briefly	O
at	O
each	O
dose	O
increment	O
.	O

A	O
decrease	O
in	O
hemoglobin	O
occurred	O
shortly	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
not	O
dose	O
dependent	O
and	O
reversed	O
rapidly	O
upon	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

A	O
red	O
blood	O
cell	O
count	O
decrease	O
,	O
a	O
mean	O
cell	O
volume	O
increase	O
and	O
a	O
granulocyte	O
count	O
decrease	O
developed	O
early	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
independent	O
fashion	O
,	O
reverting	O
at	O
least	O
partially	O
during	O
the	O
washout	O
phase	O
.	O

The	O
decrease	O
in	O
reticulocyte	O
count	O
was	O
dose	O
related	O
between	O
600	O
and	O
900	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
with	O
no	O
further	O
change	O
when	O
the	O
dose	O
was	O
escalated	O
to	O
1200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
.	O

Bone	O
marrow	O
changes	O
occurred	O
rapidly	O
as	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
megaloblastosis	B-Disease
in	O
95	O
%	O
of	O
65	O
specimens	O
at	O
week	O
18	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

National	O
project	O
on	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
mother	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
infant	O
infection	B-Disease
by	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
in	O
Japan	O
.	O

In	O
Japan	O
,	O
a	O
nationwide	O
prevention	O
program	O
against	O
mother	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
infant	O
infection	B-Disease
by	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
(	O
HBV	O
)	O
started	O
in	O
1985	O
.	O

This	O
program	O
consists	O
of	O
double	O
screenings	O
of	O
pregnant	O
women	O
and	O
prophylactic	O
treatment	O
to	O
the	O
infants	O
born	O
to	O
both	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
(	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
e	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
(	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
)	O
positive	O
mothers	O
.	O

These	O
infants	O
are	O
treated	O
with	O
two	O
injections	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
immune	O
globulin	O
(	O
HBIG	O
)	O
and	O
at	O
least	O
three	O
injections	O
of	O
plasma	O
derived	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
vaccine	I-Chemical
.	O

We	O
sent	O
questionnaires	O
about	O
the	O
numbers	O
of	O
each	O
procedure	O
or	O
examination	O
during	O
nine	O
months	O
of	O
investigation	O
period	O
to	O
each	O
local	O
government	O
in	O
1986	O
and	O
1987	O
.	O

93	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
pregnant	O
women	O
had	O
the	O
chance	O
to	O
be	O
examined	O
for	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
positive	O
rate	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
.	O

The	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
positive	O
rate	O
in	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
positive	O
was	O
23	O
to	O
26	O
%	O
.	O

The	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
positive	O
rate	O
in	O
neonates	O
and	O
in	O
infants	O
before	O
two	O
months	O
were	O
3	O
%	O
and	O
2	O
%	O
respectively	O
.	O

Some	O
problems	O
may	O
arise	O
,	O
because	O
27	O
to	O
30	O
%	O
of	O
infants	O
need	O
the	O
fourth	O
vaccination	O
in	O
some	O
restricted	O
areas	O
.	O

Involvement	O
of	O
the	O
mu	O
-	O
opiate	O
receptor	O
in	O
peripheral	O
analgesia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
intradermal	O
injection	O
of	O
mu	O
(	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
Tyr	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Ala	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Gly	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NMe	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Phe	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Gly	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ol	I-Chemical
and	O
morphiceptin	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
kappa	O
(	O
trans	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichloro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyrrolidinyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
cyclohexyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
benzeneactemide	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
delta	O
(	O
[	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Pen2	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
enkephalin	I-Chemical
and	O
[	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Ser2	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
Leu	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
enkephalin	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Thr	I-Chemical
)	O
selective	O
opioid	O
-	O
agonists	O
,	O
by	O
themselves	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
significantly	O
affect	O
the	O
mechanical	O
nociceptive	O
threshold	O
in	O
the	O
hindpaw	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Intradermal	O
injection	O
of	O
mu	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
delta	O
or	O
kappa	O
opioid	O
-	O
agonists	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
produced	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
inhibition	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
analgesic	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
mu	O
-	O
agonist	O
morphine	B-Chemical
was	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
antagonized	O
by	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
and	O
prevented	O
by	O
co	O
-	O
injection	O
of	O
pertussis	O
toxin	O
.	O

Morphine	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
alter	O
the	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
8	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bromo	I-Chemical
cyclic	I-Chemical
adenosine	I-Chemical
monophosphate	I-Chemical
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
analgesic	O
action	O
of	O
opioids	O
on	O
the	O
peripheral	O
terminals	O
of	O
primary	O
afferents	O
is	O
via	O
a	O
binding	O
site	O
with	O
characteristics	O
of	O
the	O
mu	O
-	O
opioid	O
receptor	O
and	O
that	O
this	O
action	O
is	O
mediated	O
by	O
inhibition	O
of	O
the	O
cyclic	B-Chemical
adenosine	I-Chemical
monophosphate	I-Chemical
second	O
messenger	O
system	O
.	O

Involvement	O
of	O
locus	O
coeruleus	O
and	O
noradrenergic	O
neurotransmission	O
in	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscular	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Whereas	O
muscular	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
side	O
effect	O
that	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
,	O
a	O
paucity	O
of	O
information	O
exists	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
its	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
(	O
s	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
the	O
possible	O
engagement	O
of	O
locus	O
coeruleus	O
of	O
the	O
pons	O
in	O
this	O
phenomenon	O
,	O
using	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
anesthetized	O
with	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Under	O
proper	O
control	O
of	O
respiration	O
,	O
body	O
temperature	O
and	O
end	O
-	O
tidal	O
CO2	B-Chemical
,	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
or	O
100	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
consistently	O
promoted	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
electromyographic	O
activity	O
recorded	O
from	O
the	O
gastrocnemius	O
and	O
abdominal	O
rectus	O
muscles	O
.	O

Such	O
an	O
induced	O
muscular	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
by	O
the	O
narcotic	O
agent	O
was	O
significantly	O
antagonized	O
or	O
even	O
reduced	O
by	O
prior	O
electrolytic	O
lesions	O
of	O
the	O
locus	O
coeruleus	O
or	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
the	O
alpha	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
blocker	O
,	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
.	O

Microinjection	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
micrograms	O
/	O
50	O
nl	O
)	O
directly	O
into	O
this	O
pontine	O
nucleus	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
elicited	O
discernible	O
electromyographic	O
excitation	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
speculated	O
that	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
muscular	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
by	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
may	O
involve	O
the	O
coerulospinal	O
noradrenergic	O
fibers	O
to	O
the	O
spinal	O
motoneurons	O
.	O

Dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
,	O
acting	O
through	O
central	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
adrenoceptors	O
,	O
prevents	O
opiate	O
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

The	O
highly	O
-	O
selective	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
adrenergic	O
agonist	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
(	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
)	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
inducing	O
muscle	B-Disease
flaccidity	I-Disease
and	O
anesthesia	O
in	O
rats	O
and	O
dogs	O
.	O

Intense	O
generalized	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
is	O
an	O
undesirable	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
potent	O
opiate	O
agonists	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
neurochemistry	O
of	O
opiate	O
-	O
induced	O
rigidity	B-Disease
has	O
yet	O
to	O
be	O
fully	O
elucidated	O
,	O
recent	O
work	O
suggests	O
a	O
role	O
for	O
a	O
central	O
adrenergic	O
mechanism	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
authors	O
determined	O
if	O
treatment	O
with	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
prevents	O
the	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Animals	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
42	O
)	O
were	O
treated	O
intraperitoneally	O
with	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
following	O
six	O
regimens	O
:	O
1	O
)	O
L	O
-	O
MED	O
(	O
the	O
inactive	O
L	O
-	O
isomer	O
of	O
medetomidine	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
30	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
2	O
)	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
,	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
3	O
)	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
,	O
30	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
4	O
)	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
[	O
30	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
]	O
and	O
the	O
central	O
-	O
acting	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
antagonist	O
,	O
idazoxan	B-Chemical
[	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
]	O
;	O
5	O
)	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
[	O
30	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
]	O
and	O
the	O
peripheral	O
-	O
acting	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
antagonist	O
DG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5128	I-Chemical
[	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
]	O
,	O
or	O
;	O
6	O
)	O
saline	O
.	O

Baseline	O
electromyographic	O
activity	O
was	O
recorded	O
from	O
the	O
gastrocnemius	O
muscle	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
drug	O
treatment	O
.	O

Each	O
rat	O
was	O
then	O
injected	O
with	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
(	O
ALF	B-Chemical
,	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
.	O

ALF	B-Chemical
injection	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
marked	O
increase	O
in	O
hindlimb	O
EMG	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
L	O
-	O
MED	O
treatment	O
group	O
which	O
was	O
indistinguishable	O
from	O
that	O
seen	O
in	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
saline	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
prevented	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
fashion	O
.	O

The	O
small	O
EMG	O
values	O
obtained	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
group	O
were	O
comparable	O
with	O
those	O
recorded	O
in	O
earlier	O
studies	O
from	O
control	O
animals	O
not	O
given	O
any	O
opiate	O
.	O

The	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MED	I-Chemical
animals	O
were	O
flaccid	O
,	O
akinetic	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
lacked	O
a	O
startle	B-Disease
response	O
during	O
the	O
entire	O
experimental	O
period	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Some	O
central	O
effects	O
of	O
repeated	O
treatment	O
with	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
repeated	O
treatment	O
with	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
uptake	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
on	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
dopaminomimetics	O
and	O
methoxamine	B-Chemical
and	O
on	O
the	O
animal	O
behavior	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
behavioral	O
despair	O
"	O
test	O
.	O

A	O
repeated	O
treatment	O
with	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
(	O
twice	O
daily	O
for	O
14	O
days	O
)	O
potentiated	O
in	O
mice	O
and	O
in	O
rats	O
(	O
weaker	O
)	O
the	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
nomifensine	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
remained	O
unaffected	O
by	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
stimulation	O
of	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
by	O
intracerebroventricularly	O
administered	O
methoxamine	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
repeated	O
treatment	O
with	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Given	O
three	O
times	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
immobilization	O
time	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
behavioral	O
despair	O
"	O
test	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
given	O
repeatedly	O
acts	O
differently	O
than	O
citalopram	B-Chemical
,	O
another	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
uptake	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
and	O
differs	O
also	O
from	O
other	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
.	O

Protective	O
effect	O
of	O
a	O
specific	O
platelet	O
-	O
activating	O
factor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
BN	B-Chemical
52021	I-Chemical
,	O
on	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
the	O
local	O
anaesthetic	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
to	O
rats	O
elicited	O
a	O
marked	O
decrease	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
mean	I-Disease
arterial	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
MBP	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
heart	I-Disease
rate	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
HR	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
leading	O
to	O
death	O
(	O
in	O
67	O
%	O
or	O
90	O
%	O
of	O
animals	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
injection	O
of	O
the	O
specific	O
platelet	O
-	O
activating	O
factor	O
(	O
PAF	O
)	O
antagonist	O
BN	B-Chemical
52021	I-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
suppressed	O
both	O
the	O
decrease	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
MBP	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
HR	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
doses	O
of	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BN	B-Chemical
52021	I-Chemical
given	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
or	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
administered	O
5	O
min	O
before	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
were	O
ineffective	O
.	O

When	O
BN	B-Chemical
52021	I-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
immediately	O
after	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
partial	O
reversion	O
of	O
the	O
decrease	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
MBP	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
HR	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
was	O
ineffective	O
.	O

A	O
partial	O
recovery	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ECG	O
alterations	O
was	O
observed	O
after	O
pretreatment	O
of	O
the	O
rats	O
with	O
BN	B-Chemical
52021	I-Chemical
.	O

Since	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
BN	B-Chemical
52021	I-Chemical
,	O
at	O
all	O
doses	O
studied	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
alter	O
MBP	O
and	O
HR	O
at	O
the	O
doses	O
used	O
,	O
the	O
bulk	O
of	O
these	O
results	O
clearly	O
demonstrate	O
a	O
protective	O
action	O
of	O
BN	B-Chemical
52021	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
specific	O
antagonist	O
of	O
PAF	O
,	O
against	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
consistent	O
with	O
its	O
direct	O
effect	O
on	O
heart	O
,	O
PAF	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
implicated	O
in	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
alterations	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
epidemiology	O
of	O
the	O
acute	O
flank	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
syndrome	O
from	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
.	O

Suprofen	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
new	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drug	O
,	O
was	O
marketed	O
in	O
early	O
1986	O
as	O
an	O
analgesic	O
agent	O
.	O

Until	O
physicians	O
began	O
reporting	O
an	O
unusual	O
acute	O
flank	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
syndrome	O
to	O
the	O
spontaneous	O
reporting	O
system	O
,	O
700	O
,	O
000	O
persons	O
used	O
the	O
drug	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

Through	O
August	O
1986	O
,	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
163	O
cases	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
were	O
reported	O
.	O

To	O
elucidate	O
the	O
epidemiology	O
of	O
the	O
syndrome	O
,	O
a	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
,	O
comparing	O
62	O
of	O
the	O
case	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
the	O
spontaneous	O
reporting	O
system	O
to	O
185	O
suprofen	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
control	O
subjects	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
syndrome	O
.	O

Case	O
patients	O
were	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
men	O
(	O
odds	O
ratio	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
suffer	O
from	O
hay	B-Disease
fever	I-Disease
and	O
asthma	B-Disease
(	O
odds	O
ratio	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
-	O
11	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
;	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
regular	O
exercise	O
(	O
odds	O
ratio	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
9	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
30	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
Nautilus	O
equipment	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
to	O
use	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
(	O
odds	O
ratio	O
,	O
4	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
.	O

Possible	O
risk	O
factors	O
included	O
young	O
age	O
,	O
concurrent	O
use	O
of	O
other	O
analgesic	O
agents	O
(	O
especially	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
preexisting	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
kidney	B-Disease
stones	I-Disease
,	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
gout	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
recent	O
increase	O
in	O
activity	O
,	O
a	O
recent	O
increase	O
in	O
sun	O
exposure	O
,	O
and	O
residence	O
in	O
the	O
Sunbelt	O
.	O

These	O
were	O
findings	O
that	O
were	O
suggestive	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
reach	O
conventional	O
statistical	O
significance	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
postulated	O
mechanism	O
for	O
this	O
unusual	O
syndrome	O
:	O
acute	O
diffuse	O
crystallization	O
of	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
renal	O
tubules	O
.	O

Phlorizin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
glycosuria	B-Disease
does	O
not	O
prevent	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Because	O
rats	O
with	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
(	O
DM	B-Disease
)	O
have	O
a	O
high	O
solute	O
diuresis	O
(	O
glycosuria	B-Disease
of	O
10	O
to	O
12	O
g	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
this	O
may	O
in	O
part	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
their	O
resistance	O
to	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
ARF	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

The	O
protection	O
from	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
studied	O
in	O
non	O
-	O
diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
with	O
chronic	O
solute	O
diuresis	O
induced	O
by	O
blockage	O
of	O
tubular	O
glucose	B-Chemical
reabsorption	O
with	O
phlorizin	B-Chemical
(	O
P	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

DM	B-Disease
rats	O
with	O
mild	O
glycosuria	B-Disease
(	O
similar	O
in	O
degree	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
P	B-Chemical
treated	O
animals	O
)	O
were	O
also	O
studied	O
.	O

Unanesthetized	O
adult	O
female	O
,	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
divided	O
in	O
four	O
groups	O
and	O
studied	O
for	O
15	O
days	O
.	O

Group	O
1	O
(	O
P	B-Chemical
alone	O
)	O
received	O
P	B-Chemical
,	O
360	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
for	O
15	O
days	O
;	O
Group	O
II	O
(	O
P	B-Chemical
+	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
)	O
;	O
Group	O
III	O
(	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
alone	O
)	O
and	O
Group	O
IV	O
(	O
mild	O
DM	B-Disease
+	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Nephrotoxic	B-Disease
doses	O
(	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
wt	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
of	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
were	O
injected	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
nine	O
days	O
of	O
study	O
to	O
the	O
animals	O
of	O
groups	O
II	O
to	O
IV	O
.	O

In	O
Group	O
I	O
,	O
P	B-Chemical
induced	O
a	O
moderate	O
and	O
stable	O
glycosuria	B-Disease
(	O
3	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
g	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
SE	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
functional	O
or	O
morphologic	O
evidence	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
(	O
baseline	O
CCr	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
undetectable	O
lysozymuria	O
)	O
or	O
damage	O
(	O
tubular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
score	O
[	O
maximum	O
4	O
]	O
,	O
zero	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
Group	O
II	O
,	O
P	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
ARF	B-Disease
(	O
maximal	O
decrease	O
in	O
CCr	O
at	O
day	O
9	O
.	O
89	O
%	O
,	O
P	B-Chemical
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
;	O
peak	O
lysozymuria	O
,	O
1863	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
321	O
micrograms	O
/	O
day	O
;	O
and	O
tubular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
score	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
values	O
were	O
not	O
different	O
from	O
those	O
of	O
Group	O
III	O
:	O
maximal	O
decrease	O
in	O
CCr	O
73	O
%	O
(	O
P	B-Chemical
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
;	O
lysozymuria	O
,	O
2147	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
701	O
micrograms	O
/	O
day	O
;	O
tubular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
score	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
combinations	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
morphine	B-Chemical
:	O
potentiation	O
,	O
antagonism	O
,	O
tolerance	O
and	O
cross	O
-	O
tolerance	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
both	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
morphine	B-Chemical
induced	O
analgesia	B-Disease
and	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
produced	O
cross	O
-	O
tolerance	O
to	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
morphine	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
induce	O
cross	O
-	O
tolerance	O
to	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
but	O
rather	O
augmented	O
the	O
cataleptic	B-Disease
response	O
;	O
this	O
augmentation	O
was	O
attributed	O
to	O
residual	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
explored	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
righting	O
reflex	O
induced	O
by	O
sub	O
-	O
effective	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
administered	O
simultaneously	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
mutual	O
potentiation	O
between	O
sub	O
-	O
effective	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
sub	O
-	O
effective	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
partly	O
antagonized	O
fully	O
-	O
effective	O
doses	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Latency	O
to	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
righting	O
reflex	O
,	O
rigidity	B-Disease
and	O
behavior	O
on	O
recovery	O
,	O
reflected	O
the	O
relative	O
predominance	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
or	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
each	O
combination	O
.	O

Naloxone	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
induced	O
cataleptic	B-Disease
effects	O
.	O

The	O
degree	O
and	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
development	O
of	O
tolerance	O
to	O
daily	O
administration	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
effective	O
dose	O
combinations	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
morphine	B-Chemical
were	O
similar	O
.	O

Rats	O
,	O
tolerant	O
to	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
-	O
dominant	O
combinations	O
,	O
were	O
cross	O
-	O
tolerant	O
to	O
both	O
drugs	O
,	O
while	O
those	O
tolerant	O
to	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
dominant	O
combinations	O
were	O
cross	O
-	O
tolerant	O
to	O
morphine	B-Chemical
but	O
showed	O
either	O
no	O
cross	O
-	O
tolerance	O
or	O
an	O
augmented	O
response	O
to	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
.	O

While	O
the	O
mutual	O
potentiation	O
,	O
antagonism	O
and	O
tolerance	O
suggest	O
common	O
mechanisms	O
for	O
the	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
differences	O
in	O
latency	O
,	O
rigidity	B-Disease
and	O
behavior	O
,	O
asymmetry	O
of	O
cross	O
-	O
tolerance	O
and	O
a	O
widely	O
-	O
different	O
ID50	O
for	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
would	O
argue	O
against	O
an	O
action	O
at	O
a	O
single	O
opioid	O
site	O
.	O

Hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
humans	O
:	O
pressor	O
responsiveness	O
and	O
sympathetic	O
function	O
.	O

Oral	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
increases	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
enhances	O
pressor	O
responsiveness	O
in	O
normal	O
human	O
subjects	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
1	O
week	O
of	O
oral	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
cardiac	O
output	O
,	O
total	O
peripheral	O
resistance	O
,	O
forearm	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
,	O
and	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
spillover	O
to	O
plasma	O
in	O
eight	O
healthy	O
male	O
volunteers	O
.	O

Although	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
increased	O
from	O
119	O
to	O
135	O
mm	O
Hg	O
(	O
SED	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	B-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
output	I-Disease
(	O
5	O
.	O
85	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
73	O
l	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
SED	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
46	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Total	O
peripheral	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
fell	O
from	O
15	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
12	O
.	O
2	O
mm	O
Hg	O
/	O
l	O
/	O
min	O
(	O
SED	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
03	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Resting	O
forearm	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
reflex	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
cold	O
pressor	O
test	O
was	O
accentuated	O
,	O
the	O
rise	O
in	O
resistance	O
increasing	O
from	O
10	O
.	O
5	O
mm	O
Hg	O
/	O
ml	O
/	O
100	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
(	O
R	O
units	O
)	O
before	O
treatment	O
to	O
32	O
.	O
6	O
R	O
units	O
after	O
treatment	O
(	O
SED	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
4	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
rise	O
in	O
forearm	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
accompanying	O
intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
25	O
,	O
50	O
,	O
and	O
100	O
ng	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
was	O
also	O
significantly	O
greater	O
after	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
,	O
increasing	O
from	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
14	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
R	O
units	O
before	O
treatment	O
to	O
35	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
R	O
units	O
after	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
(	O
SED	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
shift	O
to	O
the	O
left	O
in	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
relation	O
and	O
fall	O
in	O
threshold	O
suggested	O
increased	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
after	O
treatment	O
.	O

Measurement	O
of	O
resting	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
spillover	O
rate	O
to	O
plasma	O
and	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
uptake	O
indicated	O
that	O
overall	O
resting	O
sympathetic	O
nervous	O
system	O
activity	O
was	O
not	O
increased	O
.	O

The	O
rise	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
resting	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
with	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	B-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
output	I-Disease
(	O
presumably	O
due	O
to	O
increased	O
blood	O
volume	O
)	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Neuromuscular	B-Disease
blockade	I-Disease
with	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
and	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
patient	O
who	O
received	O
tocolysis	O
with	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
developed	O
neuromuscular	B-Disease
blockade	I-Disease
after	O
500	O
mg	O
of	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
.	O

This	O
reaction	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
can	O
seriously	O
potentiate	O
the	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
.	O

Caution	O
should	O
be	O
exercised	O
when	O
these	O
two	O
tocolytics	O
are	O
combined	O
.	O

Chronic	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
seizures	B-Disease
kindled	O
by	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
(	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
)	O
treatment	O
on	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
lethality	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
different	O
stages	O
of	O
the	O
kindling	O
process	O
and	O
under	O
different	O
methods	O
of	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Chronic	O
oral	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
both	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
had	O
little	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
fully	O
developed	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Chronic	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
also	O
decreased	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
mortality	O
in	O
the	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
injected	O
rats	O
.	O

Acute	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
over	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
doses	O
(	O
15	O
-	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
completed	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
kindled	O
or	O
acute	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Repeated	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
also	O
was	O
without	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
or	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
differential	O
effects	O
of	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
depending	O
upon	O
stage	O
of	O
seizure	B-Disease
development	O
suggest	O
that	O
distinct	O
mechanisms	O
underlie	O
the	O
development	O
versus	O
maintenance	O
of	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
chronic	O
but	O
not	O
repeated	O
,	O
intermittent	O
injections	O
of	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
suggests	O
that	O
different	O
biochemical	O
consequences	O
result	O
from	O
the	O
different	O
treatment	O
regimens	O
.	O

The	O
possible	O
utility	O
of	O
chronic	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
in	O
preventing	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
toxic	O
side	O
effects	O
in	O
human	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
is	O
suggested	O
by	O
these	O
data	O
,	O
but	O
remains	O
to	O
be	O
directly	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
of	O
cerebral	O
venous	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
"	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
"	O
birth	O
control	O
pills	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
and	O
radiographic	O
features	O
of	O
cerebral	O
deep	B-Disease
venous	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
21	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
white	O
woman	O
are	O
presented	O
.	O

This	O
nulliparous	O
patient	O
presented	O
with	O
relatively	O
mild	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
and	O
progressing	O
mental	O
status	O
changes	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
known	O
risk	O
factor	O
was	O
"	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
"	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
pills	O
.	O

The	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
image	O
(	O
MRI	O
)	O
showed	O
increased	O
signal	O
intensity	O
from	O
the	O
internal	O
cerebral	O
veins	O
,	O
vein	O
of	O
Galen	O
,	O
and	O
straight	O
sinus	O
.	O

The	O
diagnosis	O
was	O
confirmed	O
by	O
arterial	O
angiography	O
.	O

Beta	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
-	O
mediated	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
and	O
its	O
abolishment	O
by	O
oxprenolol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
time	O
course	O
and	O
concentration	O
-	O
effect	O
relationship	O
of	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
was	O
studied	O
,	O
using	O
computer	O
-	O
aided	O
pharmacokinetic	O
-	O
dynamic	O
modeling	O
.	O

Subsequently	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
oxprenolol	B-Chemical
in	O
antagonizing	O
such	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
,	O
together	O
with	O
the	O
pharmacokinetic	O
interaction	O
between	O
both	O
drugs	O
.	O

Six	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
were	O
given	O
a	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
subcutaneous	O
dose	O
of	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
on	O
two	O
occasions	O
:	O
1	O
hour	O
after	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
placebo	O
and	O
1	O
hour	O
after	O
80	O
mg	O
oxprenolol	B-Chemical
orally	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
7	O
-	O
hour	O
period	O
after	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
plasma	O
samples	O
were	O
taken	O
for	O
determination	O
of	O
plasma	O
potassium	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
drug	O
concentrations	O
.	O

The	O
sigmoid	O
Emax	O
model	O
offered	O
a	O
good	O
description	O
of	O
the	O
relation	O
between	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
effects	O
.	O

Oxprenolol	B-Chemical
caused	O
decreases	O
of	O
65	O
%	O
and	O
56	O
%	O
of	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
volume	O
of	O
distribution	O
and	O
clearance	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
130	O
%	O
of	O
its	O
AUC	O
.	O

In	O
spite	O
of	O
higher	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
after	O
oxprenolol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
,	O
the	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
was	O
almost	O
completely	O
antagonized	O
by	O
the	O
beta	O
2	O
-	O
blocking	O
action	O
.	O

A	O
dystonia	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
syndrome	O
after	O
neuropeptide	O
(	O
MSH	B-Chemical
/	O
ACTH	B-Chemical
)	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
locus	O
ceruleus	O
.	O

The	O
movement	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
investigated	O
in	O
these	O
studies	O
has	O
some	O
features	O
in	O
common	O
with	O
human	O
idiopathic	O
dystonia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
information	O
obtained	O
in	O
these	O
studies	O
may	O
be	O
of	O
potential	O
clinical	O
benefit	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
experimental	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
peptidergic	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
LC	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
NE	O
-	O
mediated	O
inhibition	O
of	O
cerebellar	O
Purkinje	O
cells	O
located	O
at	O
terminals	O
of	O
the	O
ceruleo	O
-	O
cerebellar	O
pathway	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
certain	O
as	O
to	O
the	O
following	O
:	O
(	O
a	O
)	O
what	O
receptors	O
were	O
stimulated	O
by	O
the	O
ACTH	B-Chemical
N	O
-	O
terminal	O
fragments	O
at	O
the	O
LC	O
that	O
resulted	O
in	O
this	O
disorder	O
;	O
(	O
b	O
)	O
whether	O
NE	O
,	O
released	O
onto	O
Purkinje	O
cell	O
synapses	O
located	O
at	O
terminals	O
of	O
the	O
ceruleo	O
-	O
cerebellar	O
pathway	O
,	O
did	O
indeed	O
cause	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
depression	B-Disease
at	O
Purkinje	O
cell	O
synapses	O
(	O
previously	O
described	O
by	O
others	O
)	O
that	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
long	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
movement	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
;	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
whether	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
inhibitory	O
Purkinje	O
cells	O
resulted	O
in	O
disinhibition	O
or	O
increased	O
excitability	O
of	O
the	O
unilateral	O
cerebellar	O
fastigial	O
or	O
interpositus	O
nuclei	O
,	O
the	O
output	O
targets	O
of	O
the	O
Purkinje	O
cell	O
axons	O
,	O
that	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
an	O
important	O
contributing	O
factor	O
to	O
this	O
disorder	O
.	O

These	O
questions	O
are	O
currently	O
being	O
investigated	O
.	O

Enhanced	O
stimulus	O
-	O
induced	O
neurotransmitter	O
overflow	O
in	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
is	O
not	O
mediated	O
by	O
prejunctional	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
activation	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
examines	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
6	O
-	O
day	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
100	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
h	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
on	O
stimulus	O
-	O
induced	O
(	O
1	O
Hz	O
)	O
endogenous	O
neurotransmitter	O
overflow	O
from	O
the	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
kidney	O
of	O
vehicle	O
-	O
and	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Renal	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
stores	O
and	O
stimulus	O
-	O
induced	O
overflow	O
in	O
the	O
vehicle	O
-	O
treated	O
group	O
consisted	O
of	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
only	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
incorporation	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
into	O
renal	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
stores	O
such	O
that	O
approximately	O
40	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
present	O
was	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
while	O
the	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
content	O
was	O
reduced	O
by	O
a	O
similar	O
degree	O
.	O

Total	O
tissue	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
content	O
of	O
the	O
kidney	O
on	O
a	O
molar	O
basis	O
was	O
unchanged	O
.	O

Stimulus	O
-	O
induced	O
fractional	O
overflow	O
of	O
neurotransmitter	O
from	O
the	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
kidneys	O
was	O
approximately	O
twice	O
normal	O
and	O
consisted	O
of	O
both	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
and	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
in	O
proportions	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
.	O

This	O
difference	O
in	O
fractional	O
overflow	O
between	O
groups	O
was	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
neuronal	O
and	O
extraneuronal	O
uptake	O
blockade	O
.	O

Propranolol	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
stimulus	O
-	O
induced	O
overflow	O
in	O
either	O
group	O
.	O

Phentolamine	B-Chemical
increased	O
stimulus	O
-	O
induced	O
overflow	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
although	O
the	O
increment	O
in	O
overflow	O
was	O
greater	O
in	O
the	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
chronic	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
results	O
in	O
enhanced	O
fractional	O
neurotransmitter	O
overflow	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
neither	O
alterations	O
in	O
prejunctional	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
influences	O
nor	O
alterations	O
in	O
neuronal	O
and	O
extraneuronal	O
uptake	O
mechanisms	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
this	O
alteration	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
data	O
obtained	O
with	O
phentolamine	B-Chemical
alone	O
do	O
not	O
suggest	O
alpha	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
desensitization	O
as	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
enhanced	O
neurotransmitter	O
overflow	O
after	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

GABA	B-Chemical
involvement	O
in	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
induced	O
reversal	O
of	O
respiratory	B-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
produced	O
by	O
thiopental	B-Chemical
.	O

No	O
agent	O
is	O
yet	O
available	O
to	O
reverse	O
respiratory	B-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
produced	O
by	O
CNS	O
depressants	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
general	O
anesthetics	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
reversed	O
respiratory	B-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
thiopental	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
thiopental	B-Chemical
produced	O
anesthesia	O
without	O
altering	O
respiratory	O
rate	O
,	O
increased	O
GABA	B-Chemical
,	O
decreased	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
or	O
glycine	B-Chemical
levels	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
in	O
rat	O
cortex	O
and	O
brain	O
stem	O
.	O

Pretreatment	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
thiosemicarbazide	B-Chemical
for	O
30	O
minutes	O
abolished	O
the	O
anesthetic	O
action	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
respiratory	O
depressant	O
action	O
of	O
thiopental	B-Chemical
.	O

50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
thiopental	B-Chemical
produced	O
respiratory	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
with	O
further	O
increase	O
in	O
GABA	B-Chemical
and	O
decrease	O
in	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
again	O
in	O
cortex	O
and	O
brain	O
stem	O
without	O
affecting	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
amino	B-Chemical
acids	I-Chemical
studied	O
in	O
four	O
regions	O
of	O
rat	O
brain	O
.	O

Naloxone	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
reversed	O
respiratory	B-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
,	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
GABA	B-Chemical
levels	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
in	O
brain	O
stem	O
and	O
cortex	O
with	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
caudate	O
or	O
cerebellum	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
reverses	O
respiratory	B-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
produced	O
by	O
thiopental	B-Chemical
and	O
involves	O
GABA	B-Chemical
in	O
its	O
action	O
.	O

Diazepam	B-Chemical
facilitates	O
reflex	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
on	O
cardiovascular	O
function	O
were	O
assessed	O
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
-	O
30	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
produced	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
decrease	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
and	O
the	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
reflex	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
was	O
produced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
25	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
pretreatment	O
of	O
the	O
rats	O
with	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
although	O
causing	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
pressor	O
effect	O
,	O
did	O
enhance	O
the	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
reflex	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
enhancement	O
of	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
reflex	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
was	O
antagonized	O
by	O
pretreatment	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
an	O
intravenous	O
dose	O
of	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
(	O
an	O
agent	O
blocks	O
chloride	B-Chemical
channels	O
by	O
binding	O
to	O
sites	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
-	O
GABA	B-Chemical
-	O
chloride	B-Chemical
channel	O
macromolecular	O
complex	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
acts	O
through	O
the	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
-	O
GABA	B-Chemical
-	O
chloride	B-Chemical
channel	O
macromolecular	O
complex	O
within	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
to	O
facilitate	O
reflex	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
mediated	O
through	O
baroreceptor	O
reflexes	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
an	O
acute	O
increase	O
in	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
.	O

Initial	O
potassium	B-Chemical
loss	O
and	O
hypokalaemia	B-Disease
during	O
chlorthalidone	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
essential	O
hypertension	B-Disease
:	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
dietary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
restriction	O
.	O

To	O
investigate	O
the	O
initial	O
potassium	B-Chemical
loss	O
and	O
development	O
of	O
hypokalaemia	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
an	O
oral	O
diuretic	O
,	O
metabolic	O
balance	O
studies	O
were	O
performed	O
in	O
ten	O
patients	O
with	O
essential	O
hypertension	B-Disease
who	O
had	O
shown	O
hypokalaemia	B-Disease
under	O
prior	O
oral	O
diuretic	O
treatment	O
.	O

Chlorthalidone	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
was	O
given	O
for	O
14	O
days	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
received	O
a	O
normal	O
-	O
sodium	B-Chemical
diet	O
and	O
four	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
sodium	B-Chemical
(	O
17	O
mmol	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
diet	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
normal	O
initial	O
total	O
body	O
potassium	B-Chemical
(	O
40K	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
electrolyte	O
balances	O
,	O
weight	O
,	O
bromide	O
space	O
,	O
plasma	O
renin	O
activity	O
,	O
and	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
secretion	O
rate	O
were	O
measured	O
.	O

In	O
both	O
groups	O
a	O
potassium	B-Chemical
deficit	O
developed	O
,	O
with	O
proportionally	O
larger	O
losses	O
from	O
the	O
extracellular	O
than	O
from	O
the	O
intracellular	O
compartment	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
normal	O
-	O
sodium	B-Chemical
group	O
the	O
highest	O
mean	O
potassium	B-Chemical
deficit	O
was	O
176	O
mmol	O
on	O
day	O
9	O
,	O
after	O
which	O
some	O
potassium	B-Chemical
was	O
regained	O
;	O
in	O
the	O
low	O
-	O
sodium	B-Chemical
group	O
the	O
highest	O
deficit	O
was	O
276	O
mmol	O
on	O
day	O
13	O
.	O

The	O
normal	O
-	O
sodium	B-Chemical
group	O
showed	O
an	O
immediate	O
but	O
temporary	O
rise	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
and	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
levels	O
;	O
in	O
the	O
low	O
-	O
sodium	B-Chemical
group	O
renin	O
and	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
increased	O
more	O
slowly	O
but	O
remained	O
elevated	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
dietary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
restriction	O
increases	O
diuretic	O
-	O
induced	O
potassium	B-Chemical
loss	O
,	O
presumably	O
by	O
an	O
increased	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
system	O
,	O
while	O
sodium	B-Chemical
delivery	O
to	O
the	O
distal	O
renal	O
tubules	O
remains	O
sufficiently	O
high	O
to	O
allow	O
increased	O
potassium	B-Chemical
secretion	O
.	O

Reversal	O
of	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
by	O
novel	O
aryl	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
piperazine	I-Chemical
anxiolytic	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
novel	O
anxiolytic	O
drug	O
,	O
buspirone	B-Chemical
,	O
reverses	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
series	O
of	O
aryl	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
piperazine	I-Chemical
analogues	O
of	O
buspirone	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptaminergic	I-Chemical
agonists	I-Chemical
were	O
tested	O
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
reverse	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

Those	O
drugs	O
with	O
strong	O
affinity	O
for	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptamine1a	I-Chemical
receptors	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
reverse	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

Drugs	O
with	O
affinity	O
for	O
other	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
receptors	O
or	O
weak	O
affinity	O
were	O
ineffective	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
inhibition	O
of	O
postsynaptic	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
receptors	O
neither	O
inhibited	O
nor	O
potentiated	O
reversal	O
of	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
leaves	O
open	O
the	O
question	O
as	O
to	O
the	O
site	O
or	O
mechanism	O
for	O
this	O
effect	O
.	O

Glycopyrronium	B-Chemical
requirements	O
for	O
antagonism	O
of	O
the	O
muscarinic	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
edrophonium	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
have	O
compared	O
,	O
in	O
60	O
adult	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
of	O
glycopyrronium	B-Chemical
5	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
10	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
given	O
either	O
simultaneously	O
or	O
1	O
min	O
before	O
edrophonium	B-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O

Significant	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
four	O
groups	O
were	O
detected	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Both	O
groups	O
receiving	O
10	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
showed	O
increases	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
30	O
beat	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
limits	O
28	O
-	O
32	O
beat	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
glycopyrronium	B-Chemical
5	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
provided	O
greater	O
cardiovascular	O
stability	O
and	O
,	O
given	O
1	O
min	O
before	O
the	O
edrophonium	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
sufficient	O
to	O
minimize	O
early	O
,	O
edrophonium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bradycardias	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
low	O
dose	O
of	O
glycopyrronium	B-Chemical
provided	O
good	O
control	O
of	O
oropharyngeal	O
secretions	O
.	O

Selective	O
injection	O
of	O
iopentol	B-Chemical
,	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
and	O
metrizoate	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
left	O
coronary	O
artery	O
of	O
the	O
dog	O
.	O

Induction	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
and	O
decrease	O
of	O
aortic	O
pressure	O
.	O

In	O
twenty	O
beagle	O
dogs	O
selective	O
injections	O
were	O
made	O
into	O
the	O
left	O
coronary	O
artery	O
with	O
iopentol	B-Chemical
,	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
and	O
metrizoate	B-Chemical
in	O
doses	O
of	O
4	O
ml	O
,	O
8	O
ml	O
and	O
16	O
ml	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
six	O
iopentol	B-Chemical
injections	O
,	O
35	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
injections	O
and	O
37	O
metrizoate	B-Chemical
injections	O
were	O
made	O
.	O

Frequencies	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
were	O
significantly	O
lower	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
after	O
iopentol	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
after	O
metrizoate	B-Chemical
(	O
22	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Iopentol	B-Chemical
and	O
iohexol	B-Chemical
also	O
produced	O
significantly	O
less	O
decrease	O
in	O
aortic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
than	O
metrizoate	B-Chemical
at	O
the	O
different	O
doses	O
.	O

Thyroid	O
function	O
and	O
urine	O
-	O
concentrating	O
ability	O
during	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
that	O
adenylate	O
cyclase	O
inhibition	O
may	O
be	O
important	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
both	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
and	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
during	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
serum	O
thyroxine	B-Chemical
and	O
urine	O
-	O
concentrating	O
ability	O
(	O
Umax	O
)	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
desmopressin	O
(	O
DDAVP	O
)	O
in	O
85	O
patients	O
receiving	O
lithium	B-Chemical
.	O

Hypothyroidism	B-Disease
developed	O
in	O
eight	O
patients	O
while	O
they	O
were	O
taking	O
lithium	B-Chemical
.	O

Impaired	O
Umax	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
both	O
euthyroid	O
and	O
hypothyroid	B-Disease
patients	O
while	O
some	O
hypothyroid	B-Disease
patients	O
concentrated	O
their	O
urine	O
well	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
the	O
dominant	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
lithium	B-Chemical
exerts	O
these	O
two	O
effects	O
are	O
different	O
.	O

Remodelling	O
of	O
nerve	O
structure	O
in	O
experimental	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
neuropathy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

The	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
was	O
studied	O
with	O
a	O
computer	O
-	O
assisted	O
morphometric	O
method	O
.	O

Scatter	O
diagrams	O
of	O
the	O
g	O
ratio	O
(	O
quotient	O
fibre	O
diameter	O
/	O
axon	O
diameter	O
)	O
define	O
regenerating	O
fibres	O
as	O
a	O
distinct	O
population	O
,	O
distinguishable	O
from	O
the	O
surviving	O
fibres	O
by	O
reduced	O
sheath	O
thickness	O
and	O
reduced	O
axon	O
calibre	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
also	O
evidence	O
of	O
a	O
subtle	O
direct	O
toxic	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
entire	O
fibre	O
population	O
,	O
causing	O
axon	O
shrinkage	O
masked	O
by	O
readjustment	O
of	O
the	O
myelin	O
sheath	O
.	O

Multicenter	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
multiple	O
-	O
dose	O
,	O
parallel	O
-	O
groups	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
trial	O
of	O
azelastine	B-Chemical
,	O
chlorpheniramine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
placebo	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spring	B-Disease
allergic	I-Disease
rhinitis	I-Disease
.	O

Azelastine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
novel	O
antiallergic	O
medication	O
,	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
chlorpheniramine	B-Chemical
maleate	I-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
for	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spring	B-Disease
allergic	I-Disease
rhinitis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
multicenter	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
multiple	O
-	O
dose	O
,	O
parallel	O
-	O
groups	O
study	O
.	O

One	O
hundred	O
fifty	O
-	O
five	O
subjects	O
participated	O
.	O

Subjects	O
ranged	O
in	O
age	O
from	O
18	O
to	O
60	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
and	O
had	O
at	O
least	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
year	O
history	O
of	O
spring	B-Disease
allergic	I-Disease
rhinitis	I-Disease
,	O
confirmed	O
by	O
positive	O
skin	O
test	O
to	O
spring	O
aeroallergens	O
.	O

Medications	O
were	O
given	O
four	O
times	O
daily	O
;	O
the	O
azelastine	B-Chemical
groups	O
received	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
or	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
in	O
the	O
morning	O
and	O
evening	O
with	O
placebo	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
and	O
late	O
afternoon	O
;	O
the	O
chlorpheniramine	B-Chemical
group	O
received	O
4	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
four	O
times	O
daily	O
.	O

Daily	O
subject	O
symptom	O
cards	O
were	O
completed	O
during	O
a	O
screening	O
period	O
to	O
assess	O
pretreatment	O
symptoms	O
and	O
during	O
a	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
treatment	O
period	O
while	O
subjects	O
received	O
study	O
medications	O
.	O

Individual	O
symptoms	O
,	O
total	O
symptoms	O
,	O
and	O
major	O
symptoms	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
determine	O
efficacy	O
of	O
medication	O
.	O

Elicited	O
,	O
volunteered	O
,	O
and	O
observed	O
adverse	O
experiences	O
were	O
recorded	O
for	O
each	O
subject	O
and	O
compared	O
among	O
groups	O
.	O

Vital	O
signs	O
,	O
body	O
weights	O
,	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
values	O
,	O
complete	O
blood	O
cell	O
counts	O
,	O
urine	O
studies	O
,	O
and	O
electrocardiograms	O
were	O
obtained	O
for	O
each	O
subject	O
and	O
compared	O
among	O
groups	O
.	O

Symptoms	O
relief	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
receiving	O
the	O
highest	O
concentration	O
of	O
azelastine	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
)	O
was	O
statistically	O
greater	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
during	O
all	O
weeks	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Lower	O
doses	O
of	O
azelastine	B-Chemical
were	O
statistically	O
more	O
effective	O
than	O
placebo	O
only	O
during	O
portions	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
chlorpheniramine	B-Chemical
group	O
did	O
have	O
fewer	O
symptoms	O
than	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
during	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
difference	O
never	O
reached	O
statistical	O
significance	O
during	O
any	O
week	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
serious	O
side	O
effects	O
in	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
groups	O
.	O

Drowsiness	B-Disease
and	O
altered	B-Disease
taste	I-Disease
perception	I-Disease
were	O
increased	O
significantly	O
over	O
placebo	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
azelastine	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

Azelastine	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
safe	O
,	O
efficacious	O
medication	O
for	O
seasonal	B-Disease
allergic	I-Disease
rhinitis	I-Disease
.	O

Toxicity	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
remission	O
inducing	O
drugs	O
in	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

Association	O
with	O
HLA	O
-	O
B35	O
and	O
Cw4	O
antigens	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
(	O
RA	B-Disease
)	O
who	O
developed	O
toxicity	B-Disease
while	O
taking	O
remission	O
inducing	O
drugs	O
and	O
30	O
without	O
toxicity	B-Disease
were	O
studied	O
for	O
possible	O
associations	O
with	O
class	O
I	O
and	O
II	O
HLA	O
antigens	O
.	O

A	O
strong	O
association	O
has	O
been	O
found	O
between	O
nephritis	B-Disease
and	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
Tiopronin	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Penicillamine	I-Chemical
like	O
compound	O
)	O
and	O
class	O
I	O
antigens	O
B35	O
-	O
Cw4	O
,	O
and	O
between	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
gold	B-Chemical
thiosulphate	B-Chemical
and	O
B35	O
.	O

Compared	O
to	O
healthy	O
controls	O
a	O
lower	O
DR5	O
frequency	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
RA	B-Disease
except	O
for	O
the	O
Tiopronin	B-Chemical
related	O
nephritis	B-Disease
group	O
.	O

Transient	O
contralateral	B-Disease
rotation	I-Disease
following	O
unilateral	O
substantia	B-Disease
nigra	I-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
reflects	O
susceptibility	O
of	O
the	O
nigrostriatal	O
system	O
to	O
exhaustion	O
by	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Following	O
unilateral	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
induced	O
SN	B-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
,	O
a	O
transient	O
period	O
of	O
contralateral	B-Disease
rotation	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
precede	O
the	O
predominant	O
ipsilateral	B-Disease
circling	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
clarify	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
this	O
initial	O
contralateral	B-Disease
rotation	I-Disease
we	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
recovery	O
period	O
after	O
the	O
lesion	O
,	O
on	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rotational	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
.	O

Three	O
days	O
post	O
lesion	O
,	O
most	O
rats	O
circled	O
predominantly	O
contralaterally	O
to	O
the	O
lesion	O
.	O

Such	O
contralateral	B-Disease
rotation	I-Disease
may	O
result	O
from	O
either	O
degeneration	O
-	O
induced	O
breakdown	O
of	O
the	O
DA	O
pool	O
,	O
or	O
lesion	O
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
of	O
DA	O
turnover	O
in	O
the	O
spared	O
neurons	O
.	O

A	O
substantial	O
degree	O
of	O
contralateral	O
preference	O
was	O
still	O
evident	O
when	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
24	O
days	O
after	O
lesioning	O
,	O
indicating	O
involvement	O
of	O
spared	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
contralateral	B-Disease
rotation	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
recovery	O
(	O
and	O
irrespective	O
of	O
either	O
lesion	O
volume	O
,	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
or	O
post	O
-	O
lesion	O
motor	O
exercise	O
)	O
,	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rotation	B-Disease
tended	O
to	O
become	O
gradually	O
more	O
ipsilateral	O
as	O
the	O
observation	O
session	O
progressed	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
rats	O
circled	O
ipsilaterally	O
to	O
the	O
lesion	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
further	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
injections	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
has	O
an	O
irreversible	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
post	O
-	O
lesion	O
DA	O
pool	O
contributing	O
to	O
contralateral	B-Disease
rotation	I-Disease
.	O

Mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
associated	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
associated	O
Hemolytic	B-Disease
Uremic	I-Disease
Syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
HUS	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
potentially	O
fatal	O
but	O
uncommon	O
condition	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
yet	O
widely	O
recognised	O
.	O

It	O
consists	O
of	O
microangiopathic	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
,	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
and	O
progressive	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
affects	O
about	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
this	O
agent	O
.	O

The	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
usually	O
develops	O
about	O
8	O
-	O
10	O
mth	O
after	O
start	O
of	O
mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
the	O
mortality	O
is	O
approximately	O
60	O
%	O
from	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
or	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
are	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
seen	O
in	O
idiopathic	O
HUS	B-Disease
and	O
include	O
arteriolar	O
fibrin	O
thrombi	B-Disease
,	O
expanded	O
subendothelial	O
zones	O
in	O
glomerular	O
capillary	O
walls	O
,	O
ischemic	B-Disease
wrinkling	O
of	O
glomerular	O
basement	O
membranes	O
and	O
mesangiolysis	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
action	O
is	O
postulated	O
as	O
mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
endothelial	O
cell	O
damage	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
the	O
clinical	O
course	O
and	O
pathological	O
findings	O
in	O
a	O
65	O
yr	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
gastric	B-Disease
adenocarcinoma	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
while	O
on	O
treatment	O
with	O
mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
and	O
died	O
in	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
.	O

Ketanserin	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
reverses	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
.	O

Systemic	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
ketanserin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
relatively	O
specific	O
type	O
-	O
2	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
the	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
produced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
the	O
potent	O
short	O
-	O
acting	O
opiate	O
agonist	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
.	O

Following	O
placement	O
of	O
subcutaneous	O
electrodes	O
in	O
each	O
animal	O
'	O
s	O
left	O
gastrocnemius	O
muscle	O
,	O
rigidity	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
analyzing	O
root	O
-	O
mean	O
-	O
square	O
electromyographic	O
activity	O
.	O

Intraperitoneal	O
ketanserin	B-Chemical
administration	O
at	O
doses	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
63	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
prevented	O
the	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
electromyographic	O
activity	O
compared	O
with	O
animals	O
pretreated	O
with	O
saline	O
.	O

Chlordiazepoxide	B-Chemical
at	O
doses	O
up	O
to	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
failed	O
to	O
significantly	O
influence	O
the	O
rigidity	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
ketanserin	B-Chemical
(	O
greater	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
31	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
followed	O
by	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
were	O
motionless	O
,	O
flaccid	O
,	O
and	O
less	O
responsive	O
to	O
external	O
stimuli	O
than	O
were	O
animals	O
receiving	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

Rats	O
that	O
received	O
ketanserin	B-Chemical
and	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
exhibited	O
less	O
rearing	O
and	O
exploratory	O
behavior	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
60	O
-	O
min	O
recording	O
period	O
than	O
did	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
ketanserin	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
,	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
previous	O
work	O
,	O
suggest	O
that	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
,	O
a	O
clinically	O
relevant	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
of	O
parenteral	O
narcotic	O
administration	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
partly	O
mediated	O
via	O
serotonergic	O
pathways	O
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
type	O
-	O
2	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
may	O
be	O
clinically	O
useful	O
in	O
attenuating	O
opiate	O
-	O
induced	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
although	O
further	O
studies	O
will	O
be	O
necessary	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
interaction	O
of	O
possibly	O
enhanced	O
CNS	O
,	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
respiratory	I-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

Antagonism	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sedative	O
effects	O
by	O
Ro15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1788	I-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
after	O
surgery	O
under	O
lumbar	O
epidural	O
block	O
.	O

A	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
investigation	O
of	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
Ro15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1788	I-Chemical
and	O
a	O
placebo	O
in	O
reversing	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
effects	O
after	O
surgery	O
under	O
epidural	O
block	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
local	O
tolerance	O
and	O
general	O
safety	O
of	O
Ro15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1788	I-Chemical
.	O

Fifty	O
-	O
seven	O
patients	O
were	O
sedated	O
with	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
for	O
surgery	O
under	O
epidural	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

Antagonism	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
effects	O
by	O
Ro15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1788	I-Chemical
was	O
investigated	O
postoperatively	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
subjective	O
assessment	O
of	O
mood	O
rating	O
,	O
an	O
objective	O
test	O
of	O
performance	O
,	O
a	O
test	O
for	O
amnesia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
vital	O
signs	O
were	O
recorded	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
300	O
min	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
trial	O
drug	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
were	O
observed	O
for	O
mood	O
rating	O
,	O
amnesia	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
vital	O
signs	O
.	O

The	O
Ro15	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1788	I-Chemical
group	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
improvement	O
in	O
the	O
performance	O
test	O
up	O
to	O
120	O
min	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
reaction	O
at	O
the	O
injection	O
site	O
.	O

Chorea	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraception	I-Chemical
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
developed	O
chorea	B-Disease
while	O
receiving	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

Two	O
were	O
young	O
patients	O
whose	O
chorea	B-Disease
developed	O
long	O
after	O
treatment	O
had	O
been	O
started	O
and	O
disappeared	O
soon	O
after	O
it	O
had	O
been	O
discontinued	O
.	O

The	O
third	O
patient	O
had	O
acute	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
chorea	B-Disease
after	O
prolonged	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraception	I-Chemical
.	O

Prolonged	O
administration	O
of	O
female	O
sex	O
hormones	O
is	O
a	O
possible	O
cause	O
of	O
chorea	B-Disease
in	O
women	O
who	O
have	O
not	O
previously	O
had	O
chorea	B-Disease
or	O
rheumatic	B-Disease
fever	I-Disease
.	O

Co	O
-	O
carcinogenic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
retinyl	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
on	O
forestomach	B-Disease
carcinogenesis	I-Disease
of	O
male	O
F344	O
rats	O
induced	O
with	O
butylated	B-Chemical
hydroxyanisole	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
potential	O
modifying	O
effect	O
of	O
retinyl	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
RA	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
butylated	B-Chemical
hydroxyanisole	I-Chemical
(	O
BHA	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
rat	O
forestomach	B-Disease
tumorigenesis	I-Disease
was	O
examined	O
.	O

Male	O
F344	O
rats	O
,	O
5	O
weeks	O
of	O
age	O
,	O
were	O
maintained	O
on	O
diet	O
containing	O
1	O
%	O
or	O
2	O
%	O
BHA	B-Chemical
by	O
weight	O
and	O
simultaneously	O
on	O
drinking	O
water	O
supplemented	O
with	O
RA	B-Chemical
at	O
various	O
concentrations	O
(	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
)	O
for	O
52	O
weeks	O
.	O

In	O
groups	O
given	O
2	O
%	O
BHA	B-Chemical
,	O
although	O
marked	O
hyperplastic	O
changes	O
of	O
the	O
forestomach	O
epithelium	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
all	O
animals	O
,	O
co	O
-	O
administration	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
%	O
RA	B-Chemical
significantly	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
increased	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
forestomach	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
(	O
squamous	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
papilloma	I-Disease
and	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
)	O
to	O
60	O
%	O
(	O
9	O
/	O
15	O
,	O
2	O
rats	O
with	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
)	O
from	O
15	O
%	O
(	O
3	O
/	O
20	O
,	O
one	O
rat	O
with	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
given	O
RA	B-Chemical
-	O
free	O
water	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
given	O
1	O
%	O
BHA	B-Chemical
,	O
RA	B-Chemical
co	O
-	O
administered	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
%	O
showed	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
enhancing	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
BHA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epithelial	B-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
.	O

Tumors	B-Disease
,	O
all	O
papillomas	B-Disease
,	O
were	O
induced	O
in	O
3	O
rats	O
(	O
17	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
%	O
RA	B-Chemical
and	O
in	O
one	O
rat	O
(	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
%	O
RA	B-Chemical
co	O
-	O
administration	O
.	O

RA	B-Chemical
alone	O
did	O
not	O
induce	O
hyperplastic	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
forestomach	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
RA	B-Chemical
acted	O
as	O
a	O
co	O
-	O
carcinogen	O
in	O
the	O
BHA	B-Chemical
forestomach	B-Disease
carcinogenesis	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
dose	O
dependency	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
.	O

Since	O
1975	O
mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
(	O
MMC	B-Chemical
)	O
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
to	O
be	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
,	O
especially	O
when	O
combined	O
with	O
or	O
given	O
following	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Data	O
on	O
dose	O
dependency	O
or	O
incidence	O
concerning	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
were	O
not	O
known	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
initiated	O
a	O
prospective	O
study	O
to	O
obtain	O
some	O
more	O
data	O
on	O
these	O
subjects	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
four	O
MMC	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
were	O
studied	O
,	O
37	O
of	O
them	O
could	O
be	O
evaluated	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
studied	O
by	O
repeated	O
physical	O
examinations	O
,	O
chest	O
X	O
-	O
rays	O
,	O
electro	O
-	O
and	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
radionuclide	O
left	O
ventricular	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
(	O
EF	O
)	O
determinations	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
were	O
evaluated	O
per	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
level	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
developed	O
cardiac	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
30	O
mg	O
m	O
-	O
2	O
MMC	B-Chemical
and	O
only	O
150	O
mg	O
m	O
-	O
2	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
cardiac	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
was	O
predicted	O
by	O
a	O
drop	O
in	O
EF	O
determined	O
during	O
a	O
cold	O
pressor	O
test	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
patients	O
developed	O
clinical	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
nor	O
did	O
the	O
studied	O
parameters	O
change	O
.	O

The	O
literature	O
on	O
this	O
subject	O
was	O
also	O
reviewed	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
the	O
combined	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
and	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
we	O
suggest	O
that	O
MMC	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
dose	O
dependent	O
,	O
occurring	O
at	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
levels	O
of	O
30	O
mg	O
m	O
-	O
2	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
mainly	O
in	O
patients	O
also	O
(	O
previously	O
or	O
simultaneously	O
)	O
treated	O
with	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
less	O
than	O
10	O
%	O
even	O
for	O
this	O
risk	O
group	O
.	O

Reversible	O
cerebral	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
tiazofurin	B-Chemical
usage	O
:	O
MR	O
demonstration	O
.	O

Tiazofurin	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
experimental	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agent	O
currently	O
undergoing	O
clinical	O
evaluation	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
our	O
results	O
with	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
(	O
MR	O
)	O
in	O
demonstrating	O
reversible	O
cerebral	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
concurrent	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

The	O
abnormalities	O
on	O
MR	O
were	O
correlated	O
with	O
findings	O
on	O
CT	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
with	O
cerebral	O
angiography	O
.	O

The	O
utility	O
of	O
MR	O
in	O
the	O
evaluation	O
of	O
patients	O
receiving	O
this	O
new	O
agent	O
is	O
illustrated	O
.	O

Receptor	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
in	O
chronic	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
pretreated	O
with	O
saline	O
or	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
)	O
by	O
subcutaneously	O
implanting	O
each	O
animal	O
with	O
an	O
Alzet	O
osmotic	O
mini	O
-	O
pump	O
which	O
continuously	O
released	O
saline	O
or	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
for	O
1	O
,	O
5	O
and	O
14	O
days	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
each	O
pretreatment	O
period	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
used	O
for	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
determining	O
their	O
locomotor	O
response	O
to	O
acutely	O
injected	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
(	O
ii	O
)	O
measuring	O
the	O
density	O
of	O
L	O
-	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
and	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
spiperone	B-Chemical
binding	O
sites	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
.	O

We	O
observed	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
response	O
,	O
striatal	O
L	O
-	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
and	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
spiperone	B-Chemical
binding	O
in	O
the	O
animals	O
pretreated	O
with	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
for	O
1	O
day	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
which	O
were	O
pretreated	O
with	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
for	O
5	O
days	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
stimulated	O
locomotor	O
response	O
which	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
L	O
-	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
binding	O
sites	O
and	O
also	O
with	O
an	O
elevated	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
striatal	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
spiperone	B-Chemical
binding	O
sites	O
was	O
not	O
affected	O
.	O

In	O
animals	O
pretreated	O
with	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
for	O
14	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
response	O
remained	O
to	O
be	O
potentiated	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
this	O
response	O
was	O
correlated	O
with	O
an	O
elevated	O
number	O
of	O
striatal	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
spiperone	B-Chemical
binding	O
sites	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
striatal	O
L	O
-	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
binding	O
sites	O
and	O
the	O
striatal	O
DA	B-Chemical
level	O
were	O
normal	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
chronic	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
develop	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
in	O
response	O
to	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
initially	O
due	O
to	O
increases	O
of	O
both	O
the	O
density	O
of	O
nicotinic	O
receptors	O
and	O
DA	B-Chemical
concentration	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
inducing	O
DA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
supersensitivity	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
.	O

Amelioration	O
of	O
bendrofluazide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
by	O
timolol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
beta	O
adrenergic	O
blocking	O
drug	O
,	O
timolol	B-Chemical
,	O
tended	O
to	O
correct	O
the	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
of	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
bendrofluazide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
6	O
healthy	O
male	O
subjects	O
and	O
although	O
the	O
effect	O
was	O
small	O
it	O
was	O
significant	O
.	O

Timolol	B-Chemical
also	O
reduced	O
the	O
rise	O
in	O
plasma	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
urine	O
potassium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
following	O
bendrofluazide	B-Chemical
and	O
increased	O
the	O
urine	O
sodium	B-Chemical
/	O
potassium	B-Chemical
ratio	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
a	O
shift	O
of	O
potassium	B-Chemical
from	O
the	O
intracellular	O
to	O
the	O
extracellular	O
space	O
.	O

St	B-Disease
.	I-Disease

Anthony	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
fire	I-Disease
,	O
then	O
and	O
now	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
and	O
historical	O
review	O
.	O

A	O
rare	O
case	O
of	O
morbid	O
vasospasm	B-Disease
,	O
together	O
with	O
striking	O
angiographic	O
findings	O
,	O
is	O
described	O
secondary	O
to	O
the	O
ingestion	O
of	O
methysergide	B-Chemical
by	O
a	O
48	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
.	O

A	O
brief	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
on	O
similar	O
cases	O
is	O
presented	O
.	O

A	O
discussion	O
of	O
the	O
history	O
of	O
ergot	B-Chemical
includes	O
its	O
original	O
discovery	O
,	O
the	O
epidemics	O
of	O
gangrene	B-Disease
that	O
it	O
has	O
caused	O
through	O
the	O
ages	O
and	O
its	O
past	O
and	O
present	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
headache	I-Disease
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
advent	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
and	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
antagonists	O
,	O
ergot	B-Chemical
preparations	O
continue	O
to	O
play	O
a	O
major	O
role	O
in	O
migraine	B-Disease
therapy	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
danger	O
of	O
St	B-Disease
.	I-Disease

Anthony	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
fire	I-Disease
persists	O
.	O

Cardiac	O
transplantation	O
:	O
improved	O
quality	O
of	O
survival	O
with	O
a	O
modified	O
immunosuppressive	O
protocol	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
on	O
renal	O
function	O
on	O
two	O
different	O
immunosuppressive	O
protocols	O
were	O
evaluated	O
retrospectively	O
in	O
two	O
subsequent	O
groups	O
of	O
heart	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
.	O

In	O
group	O
I	O
,	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
before	O
the	O
procedure	O
at	O
a	O
loading	O
dose	O
of	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
and	O
then	O
continued	O
after	O
the	O
procedure	O
to	O
keep	O
a	O
whole	O
blood	O
level	O
about	O
1000	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

In	O
group	O
II	O
,	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
was	O
started	O
only	O
after	O
the	O
procedure	O
at	O
a	O
lower	O
dosage	O
and	O
was	O
complemented	O
by	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
was	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
postoperative	O
week	O
.	O

Group	O
II	O
showed	O
a	O
better	O
perioperative	O
renal	O
function	O
as	O
determined	O
by	O
serum	O
blood	O
urea	B-Chemical
nitrogen	I-Chemical
and	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

Group	O
II	O
also	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
of	O
chronic	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
therapy	O
with	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
.	O

Despite	O
this	O
improvement	O
in	O
late	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
group	O
II	O
still	O
shows	O
a	O
slow	O
rise	O
in	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
think	O
that	O
even	O
these	O
lower	O
dosages	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
can	O
cause	O
chronic	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
that	O
further	O
modification	O
of	O
the	O
immunosuppressive	O
regimen	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
completely	O
abolish	O
this	O
toxic	O
side	O
effect	O
.	O

Ethopropazine	B-Chemical
and	O
benztropine	B-Chemical
in	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
12	O
-	O
week	O
controlled	O
study	O
ethopropazine	B-Chemical
was	O
compared	O
to	O
benztropine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
fluphenazine	B-Chemical
enanthate	I-Chemical
in	O
60	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
outpatients	O
.	O

Ethopropazine	B-Chemical
and	O
benztropine	B-Chemical
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
equally	O
effective	O
in	O
controlling	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
and	O
were	O
as	O
efficacious	O
as	O
procyclidine	B-Chemical
,	O
their	O
previous	O
antiparkinsonian	O
drug	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
benztropine	B-Chemical
treated	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
tardive	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
compared	O
to	O
their	O
condition	O
during	O
procyclindine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
more	O
anxiety	B-Disease
and	O
depression	B-Disease
than	O
ethopropazine	B-Chemical
treated	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
suggests	O
that	O
benztropine	B-Chemical
is	O
not	O
the	O
anticholinergic	O
drug	O
of	O
choice	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
,	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
more	O
toxic	O
central	O
and	O
peripheral	O
atropinic	O
effect	O
.	O

Quinidine	B-Chemical
phenylethylbarbiturate	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
fulminant	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
pregnant	O
woman	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
19	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Laotian	O
patient	O
affected	O
by	O
fulminant	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
third	O
trimester	O
of	O
her	O
pregnancy	O
after	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
month	O
administration	O
of	O
quinidine	B-Chemical
phenylethylbarbiturate	I-Chemical
.	O

After	O
delivery	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
underwent	O
orthotopic	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
in	O
good	O
condition	O
16	O
months	O
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Quinidine	B-Chemical
itself	O
or	O
phenylethylbarbiturate	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
fulminant	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
in	O
this	O
patient	O
.	O

Mechanisms	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
:	O
comparison	O
with	O
exercise	O
-	O
induced	O
ischemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
in	O
eliciting	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
was	O
examined	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Objective	O
signs	O
of	O
ischemia	B-Disease
and	O
factors	O
increasing	O
myocardial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
were	O
compared	O
during	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
and	O
supine	O
bicycle	O
exercise	O
.	O

Both	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
and	O
exercise	O
produced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
ST	O
segment	O
depression	B-Disease
and	O
angina	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
were	O
significantly	O
different	O
from	O
those	O
of	O
exercise	O
.	O

Exercise	O
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
was	O
marked	O
predominantly	O
by	O
increased	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
rate	O
-	O
pressure	O
product	O
with	O
a	O
minor	O
contribution	O
of	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
volume	O
,	O
while	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ischemia	B-Disease
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
marked	O
increase	O
in	O
contractility	O
and	O
a	O
less	O
pronounced	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
rate	O
-	O
pressure	O
product	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
ischemia	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
may	O
occur	O
during	O
states	O
of	O
emotional	O
distress	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
mechanism	O
distinct	O
from	O
that	O
due	O
to	O
physical	O
exertion	O
.	O

Recent	O
preclinical	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
with	O
the	O
thymidylate	O
synthase	O
inhibitor	O
N10	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
propargyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dideazafolic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
,	O
N10	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
propargyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dideazafolic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
is	O
a	O
tight	O
-	O
binding	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
thymidylate	O
synthase	O
(	O
TS	O
)	O
whose	O
cytotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
mediated	O
solely	O
through	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
this	O
enzyme	O
.	O

Recent	O
preclinical	O
studies	O
have	O
focused	O
on	O
the	O
intracellular	O
formation	O
of	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
polyglutamates	O
.	O

Following	O
a	O
12	O
-	O
hour	O
exposure	O
of	O
L1210	O
cells	O
to	O
50	O
microM	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
,	O
30	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
extractable	O
radioactivity	O
could	O
be	O
accounted	O
for	O
as	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
tetra	O
-	O
and	O
pentaglutamate	O
,	O
as	O
determined	O
by	O
high	O
-	O
pressure	O
liquid	O
chromatography	O
(	O
HPLC	O
)	O
analyses	O
.	O

As	O
inhibitors	O
of	O
isolated	O
L1210	O
TS	O
,	O
CB	O
3717	O
di	O
-	O
,	O
tri	O
-	O
,	O
tetra	O
-	O
and	O
pentaglutamate	O
are	O
26	O
-	O
,	O
87	O
-	O
,	O
119	O
-	O
and	O
114	O
-	O
fold	O
more	O
potent	O
than	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
formation	O
may	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
be	O
an	O
important	O
determinant	O
of	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
cytotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
early	O
clinical	O
studies	O
with	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
,	O
activity	O
has	O
been	O
seen	O
in	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
hepatoma	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
mesothelioma	B-Disease
.	O

Toxicities	B-Disease
included	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
malaise	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
latter	O
effect	O
is	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
drug	O
precipitation	O
within	O
the	O
renal	O
tubule	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
poor	O
solubility	O
of	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
under	O
acidic	O
conditions	O
.	O

In	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
overcome	O
this	O
problem	O
,	O
a	O
clinical	O
trial	O
of	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
administered	O
with	O
alkaline	O
diuresis	O
is	O
under	O
way	O
.	O

Preliminary	O
results	O
at	O
400	O
and	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
suggest	O
that	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
may	O
have	O
been	O
achieved	O
with	O
only	O
1	O
instance	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
10	O
patients	O
.	O

Hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
malaise	B-Disease
are	O
again	O
the	O
most	O
frequent	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Evidence	O
of	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
has	O
been	O
seen	O
in	O
3	O
patients	O
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
investigations	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
alkaline	O
diuresis	O
does	O
not	O
alter	O
CB	B-Chemical
3717	I-Chemical
plasma	O
levels	O
or	O
urinary	O
excretion	O
and	O
that	O
satisfactory	O
urinary	O
alkalinization	O
can	O
be	O
readily	O
achieved	O
.	O

Type	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
after	O
needle	O
-	O
stick	O
exposure	O
:	O
prevention	O
with	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
immune	O
globulin	O
.	O

Final	O
report	O
of	O
the	O
Veterans	O
Administration	O
Cooperative	O
Study	O
.	O

Hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
immune	O
globulin	O
(	O
HBIG	O
)	O
and	O
immune	O
serum	O
globulin	O
(	O
ISG	O
)	O
were	O
examined	O
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trial	O
to	O
assess	O
their	O
relative	O
efficacies	O
in	O
preventing	O
type	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
after	O
needle	O
-	O
stick	O
exposure	O
to	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
(	O
HBsAG	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
positive	O
donors	O
.	O

Clinical	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
developed	O
in	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
HBIG	O
and	O
in	O
5	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
of	O
ISG	O
recipients	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
016	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
seroconversion	O
(	O
anti	O
-	O
HBs	O
)	O
occurred	O
in	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
and	O
20	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
of	O
them	O
respectively	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Mild	O
and	O
transient	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
were	O
noted	O
in	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
of	O
ISG	O
and	O
in	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
HBIG	O
recipients	O
.	O

Available	O
donor	O
sera	O
were	O
examined	O
for	O
DNA	O
polymerase	O
(	O
DNAP	O
)	O
and	O
e	O
antigen	O
and	O
antibody	O
(	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
;	O
anti	O
-	O
HBE	O
)	O
.	O

Both	O
DNAP	O
and	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
showed	O
a	O
highly	O
statistically	O
significant	O
correlation	O
with	O
the	O
infectivity	O
of	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
-	O
positive	O
donors	O
.	O

Hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
immune	O
globulin	O
remained	O
significantly	O
superior	O
to	O
ISG	O
in	O
preventing	O
type	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
even	O
when	O
the	O
analysis	O
was	O
confined	O
to	O
these	O
two	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
subgroups	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
of	O
ISG	O
in	O
preventing	O
type	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
cannot	O
be	O
ascertained	O
because	O
a	O
true	O
placebo	O
group	O
was	O
not	O
included	O
.	O

Production	O
of	O
autochthonous	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
in	O
Lobund	O
-	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
by	O
treatments	O
with	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitroso	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylurea	I-Chemical
and	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
.	O

More	O
than	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
Lobund	O
-	O
Wistar	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
W	O
)	O
strain	O
rats	O
developed	O
large	O
,	O
palpable	O
prostate	B-Disease
adenocarcinomas	I-Disease
(	O
PAs	B-Disease
)	O
following	O
treatments	O
with	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitroso	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylurea	I-Chemical
(	O
CAS	O
:	O
684	O
-	O
93	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
and	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
propionate	I-Chemical
[	O
(	O
TP	B-Chemical
)	O
CAS	O
:	O
57	O
-	O
85	O
-	O
2	O
]	O
,	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
tumor	B-Disease
-	O
bearing	O
rats	O
manifested	O
metastatic	O
lesions	O
.	O

The	O
incubation	O
periods	O
averaged	O
10	O
.	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

Within	O
the	O
same	O
timeframe	O
,	O
no	O
L	O
-	O
W	O
rat	O
developed	O
a	O
similar	O
palpable	O
PA	B-Disease
when	O
treated	O
only	O
with	O
TP	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
L	O
-	O
W	O
rats	O
,	O
TP	B-Chemical
acted	O
as	O
a	O
tumor	B-Disease
enhancement	O
agent	O
,	O
with	O
primary	O
emphasis	O
on	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Relative	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
and	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
in	O
oncology	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
prospectively	O
compared	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
or	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
in	O
118	O
immunocompromised	O
patients	O
with	O
presumed	O
severe	O
infections	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
two	O
treatment	O
regimens	O
were	O
equally	O
efficacious	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
a	O
similar	O
proportion	O
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
and	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
(	O
17	O
%	O
vs	O
11	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Ototoxicity	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
four	O
(	O
9	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
42	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
and	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
and	O
in	O
12	O
(	O
22	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
54	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
and	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
.	O

Of	O
those	O
evaluated	O
with	O
posttherapy	O
audiograms	O
,	O
three	O
of	O
four	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
and	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
had	O
auditory	O
thresholds	O
return	O
to	O
baseline	O
compared	O
with	O
one	O
of	O
nine	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
and	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
15	O
-	O
dB	O
increases	O
in	O
auditory	O
threshold	O
as	O
a	O
proportion	O
of	O
total	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
15	O
-	O
dB	O
changes	O
(	O
increases	O
and	O
decreases	O
)	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
and	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
-	O
vs	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
and	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
(	O
18	O
of	O
78	O
vs	O
67	O
of	O
115	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
less	O
severe	O
and	O
more	O
often	O
reversible	O
with	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
than	O
with	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
.	O

Urinary	O
enzymes	O
and	O
protein	O
patterns	O
as	O
indicators	O
of	O
injury	B-Disease
to	I-Disease
different	I-Disease
regions	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
experimental	I-Disease
models	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
to	O
the	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
,	O
glomerular	O
,	O
and	O
papillary	O
regions	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
were	O
produced	O
by	O
administration	O
of	O
hexachloro	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
:	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
butadiene	I-Chemical
(	O
HCBD	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bromoethylamine	I-Chemical
(	O
BEA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Several	O
routine	O
indicators	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
enzymes	O
alkaline	O
phosphatase	O
and	O
N	O
-	O
acetyl	O
-	O
beta	O
-	O
glucosaminidase	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
molecular	O
weight	O
of	O
protein	B-Disease
excretion	I-Disease
were	O
determined	O
on	O
urine	O
samples	O
.	O

Tubular	O
damage	O
produced	O
by	O
HCBD	B-Chemical
or	O
BEA	B-Chemical
was	O
discriminated	O
both	O
quantitatively	O
and	O
qualitatively	O
from	O
glomerular	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
produced	O
by	O
PAN	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
latter	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
pronounced	O
increase	O
in	O
protein	B-Disease
excretion	I-Disease
,	O
especially	O
proteins	O
with	O
molecular	O
weight	O
greater	O
than	O
40	O
,	O
000	O
Da	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
protein	B-Disease
excretion	I-Disease
in	O
tubular	O
damage	O
was	O
raised	O
only	O
slightly	O
and	O
characterized	O
by	O
excretion	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
proteins	I-Disease
of	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
molecular	O
weights	O
.	O

Proximal	O
tubular	O
damage	O
caused	O
by	O
HCBD	B-Chemical
and	O
papillary	O
damage	O
caused	O
by	O
BEA	B-Chemical
were	O
distinguished	O
both	O
by	O
conventional	O
urinalysis	O
(	O
volume	O
and	O
specific	O
gravity	O
)	O
and	O
by	O
measurement	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
urinary	O
enzymes	O
.	O

Alkaline	O
phosphatase	O
and	O
glucose	B-Chemical
were	O
markedly	O
and	O
transiently	O
elevated	O
in	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
damage	O
and	O
N	O
-	O
acetyl	O
-	O
beta	O
-	O
glucosaminidase	O
showed	O
a	O
sustained	O
elevation	O
in	O
papillary	O
damage	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
both	O
selective	O
urinary	O
enzymes	O
and	O
the	O
molecular	O
weight	O
pattern	O
of	O
urinary	O
proteins	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
provide	O
diagnostic	O
information	O
about	O
the	O
possible	O
site	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
catch	O
in	O
the	O
Reye	B-Disease
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
six	O
cases	O
of	O
Reye	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
from	O
The	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
,	O
Camperdown	O
,	O
Australia	O
,	O
occurring	O
between	O
1973	O
and	O
1982	O
were	O
reviewed	O
.	O

Of	O
these	O
,	O
20	O
cases	O
met	O
the	O
US	O
Public	O
Health	O
Service	O
Centers	O
for	O
Disease	O
Control	O
criteria	O
for	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
Reye	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Aspirin	B-Chemical
or	O
salicylate	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
had	O
occurred	O
in	O
only	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
20	O
cases	O
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
(	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
)	O
had	O
been	O
administered	O
in	O
only	O
six	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
(	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Pathologic	O
confirmation	O
of	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
Reye	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
was	O
accomplished	O
in	O
90	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
Reye	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
New	O
South	O
Wales	O
,	O
Australia	O
,	O
is	O
estimated	O
from	O
this	O
study	O
to	O
be	O
approximately	O
nine	O
cases	O
per	O
1	O
million	O
children	O
compared	O
with	O
recent	O
US	O
data	O
of	O
ten	O
to	O
20	O
cases	O
per	O
1	O
million	O
children	O
and	O
three	O
to	O
seven	O
cases	O
per	O
1	O
million	O
children	O
in	O
Great	O
Britain	O
.	O

The	O
mortality	O
for	O
these	O
Reye	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
cases	O
in	O
Australia	O
was	O
45	O
%	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
32	O
%	O
case	O
-	O
fatality	O
rate	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

In	O
Australia	O
,	O
the	O
pediatric	O
usage	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
extremely	O
low	O
for	O
the	O
past	O
25	O
years	O
(	O
less	O
than	O
1	O
%	O
of	O
total	O
dosage	O
units	O
sold	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
(	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
)	O
dominating	O
the	O
pediatric	O
analgesic	O
and	O
antipyretic	O
market	O
.	O

Reye	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
disappearing	O
from	O
Australia	O
despite	O
a	O
total	O
lack	O
of	O
association	O
with	O
salicylates	B-Chemical
or	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
,	O
since	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
cases	O
found	O
at	O
The	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
in	O
1983	O
,	O
1984	O
,	O
or	O
1985	O
.	O

Postpartum	O
psychosis	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
.	O

Two	O
multigravida	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
prior	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
history	O
were	O
seen	O
with	O
postpartum	O
psychosis	B-Disease
,	O
having	O
received	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
for	O
inhibition	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
lactation	I-Disease
.	O

Bromocriptine	B-Chemical
given	O
in	O
high	O
doses	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
psychosis	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
the	O
drug	O
for	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
cases	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
may	O
cause	O
psychosis	B-Disease
even	O
when	O
given	O
in	O
low	O
doses	O
.	O

Hyperglycemic	B-Disease
acidotic	I-Disease
coma	I-Disease
and	O
death	O
in	O
Kearns	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Sayre	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
paper	O
presents	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
metabolic	O
findings	O
in	O
two	O
young	O
boys	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
standing	O
Kearns	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Sayre	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Following	O
short	O
exposure	O
to	O
oral	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
,	O
both	O
boys	O
developed	O
lethargy	B-Disease
,	O
increasing	O
somnolence	B-Disease
,	O
polydipsia	B-Disease
,	O
polyphagia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
polyuria	B-Disease
.	O

Both	O
presented	O
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
room	O
with	O
profound	O
coma	B-Disease
,	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
severe	O
hyperglycemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
acidosis	B-Disease
.	O

Nonketotic	O
lactic	B-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
was	O
present	O
in	O
one	O
and	O
ketosis	B-Disease
without	O
a	O
known	O
serum	O
lactate	B-Chemical
level	O
was	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
.	O

Respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
rapidly	O
ensued	O
and	O
both	O
patients	O
expired	O
in	O
spite	O
of	O
efforts	O
at	O
resuscitation	O
.	O

We	O
believe	O
these	O
two	O
cases	O
represent	O
a	O
newly	O
described	O
and	O
catastrophic	O
metabolic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
endocrine	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
Kearns	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Sayre	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Experimental	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
:	O
risk	O
of	O
concomitant	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
(	O
CSA	B-Chemical
)	O
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
various	O
chemotherapeutics	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
CSA	B-Chemical
for	O
4	O
weeks	O
caused	O
renal	O
functional	O
and	O
structural	O
changes	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
reported	O
in	O
man	O
.	O

The	O
combined	O
administration	O
of	O
CSA	B-Chemical
and	O
various	O
chemotherapeutic	O
drugs	O
with	O
a	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
potential	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
(	O
at	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
)	O
,	O
amphothericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
and	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
are	O
frequently	O
used	O
in	O
immunosuppressed	O
patients	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
aggravate	O
the	O
CSA	B-Chemical
induced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
model	O
.	O

Gentamicin	B-Chemical
at	O
toxic	O
doses	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
increased	O
CSA	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
CSA	B-Chemical
has	O
a	O
different	O
pathogenetic	O
mechanism	O
.	O

Diuretics	O
,	O
potassium	B-Chemical
and	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
in	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
coronary	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
that	O
modest	O
changes	O
in	O
plasma	O
potassium	B-Chemical
can	O
alter	O
the	O
tendency	O
towards	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

If	O
this	O
were	O
so	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
might	O
be	O
especially	O
susceptible	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
myocardial	O
electrical	O
excitability	O
was	O
measured	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
mild	O
essential	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
known	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
after	O
8	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
a	O
potassium	B-Chemical
-	O
conserving	O
diuretic	O
(	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
a	O
similar	O
period	O
on	O
a	O
potassium	B-Chemical
-	O
losing	O
diuretic	O
(	O
chlorthalidone	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
a	O
randomised	O
study	O
.	O

Plasma	O
potassium	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
on	O
average	O
1	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
lower	O
during	O
the	O
chlorthalidone	B-Chemical
phase	O
compared	O
to	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
volume	O
states	O
as	O
assessed	O
by	O
bodyweight	O
,	O
plasma	O
renin	O
and	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
)	O
concentrations	O
were	O
similar	O
on	O
the	O
2	O
regimens	O
.	O

Compared	O
to	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
chlorthalidone	B-Chemical
phase	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
frequency	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
ectopic	I-Disease
beats	I-Disease
(	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
Holter	O
monitoring	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
higher	O
Lown	O
grading	O
,	O
increased	O
upslope	O
and	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	O
,	O
prolonged	O
ventricular	O
effective	O
refractory	O
period	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
electrical	O
instability	O
during	O
programmed	O
ventricular	O
stimulation	O
.	O

The	O
above	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
because	O
potassium	B-Chemical
-	O
losing	O
diuretic	O
therapy	O
can	O
increase	O
myocardial	O
electrical	O
excitability	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
ischaemic	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
even	O
minor	O
falls	O
in	O
plasma	O
potassium	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
are	O
probably	O
best	O
avoided	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

Transketolase	O
abnormality	O
in	O
tolazamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
Wernicke	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
studied	O
a	O
thiamine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
enzyme	O
,	O
transketolase	O
,	O
from	O
fibroblasts	O
of	O
a	O
diabetic	B-Disease
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
Wernicke	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
when	O
treated	O
with	O
tolazamide	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
delineate	O
if	O
this	O
patient	O
also	O
had	O
transketolase	O
abnormality	O
[	O
high	O
Km	O
for	O
thiamine	B-Chemical
pyrophosphate	I-Chemical
(	O
TPP	B-Chemical
)	O
]	O
,	O
as	O
previously	O
reported	O
in	O
postalcoholic	O
Wernicke	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Korsakoff	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
this	O
patient	O
,	O
we	O
also	O
studied	O
this	O
enzyme	O
from	O
three	O
diabetic	B-Disease
kindreds	O
without	O
any	O
history	O
of	O
Wernicke	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
and	O
from	O
four	O
normal	O
controls	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
patient	O
and	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
diabetic	B-Disease
kindreds	O
with	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
Wernicke	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
had	O
abnormal	O
transketolase	O
as	O
determined	O
by	O
its	O
Km	O
for	O
TPP	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
a	O
similarity	O
between	O
postalcoholic	O
Wernicke	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Korsakoff	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
patient	O
with	O
tolazamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
Wernicke	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
from	O
the	O
standpoint	O
of	O
transketolase	O
abnormality	O
.	O

Bradycardia	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
.	O

A	O
chronic	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
patient	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
an	O
anticholinergic	O
drug	O
,	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
developed	O
,	O
paradoxically	O
,	O
sinus	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
reaction	O
was	O
specific	O
to	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
and	O
not	O
to	O
other	O
anticholinergic	O
drugs	O
.	O

This	O
antidyskinetic	O
drug	O
is	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
clinical	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
practice	O
and	O
physicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
.	O

Post	O
-	O
operative	O
rigidity	B-Disease
after	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
thoraco	O
-	O
abdominal	O
rigidity	B-Disease
leading	O
to	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
is	O
described	O
in	O
the	O
post	O
-	O
operative	O
period	O
in	O
an	O
elderly	O
patient	O
who	O
received	O
a	O
moderate	O
dose	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
was	O
successfully	O
reversed	O
by	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
mechanisms	O
possibly	O
implicated	O
in	O
this	O
accident	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Anti	O
-	O
carcinogenic	B-Disease
action	O
of	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
given	O
simultaneously	O
with	O
diethylnitrosamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
work	O
has	O
been	O
planned	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
elucidate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
(	O
PB	B-Chemical
:	O
15	O
mg	O
per	O
rat	O
of	O
ingested	O
dose	O
)	O
on	O
carcinogenesis	B-Disease
when	O
it	O
is	O
administered	O
simultaneously	O
with	O
diethylnitrosamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DEN	B-Chemical
:	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
.	O

Wistar	O
rats	O
(	O
180	O
g	O
)	O
were	O
treated	O
by	O
DEN	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
by	O
DEN	B-Chemical
+	O
PB	B-Chemical
during	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
and	O
6	O
weeks	O
according	O
to	O
our	O
schedule	O
for	O
hepatocarcinogenesis	B-Disease
.	O

After	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
and	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
induced	O
PAS	O
positive	O
preneoplastic	B-Disease
foci	I-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
when	O
PB	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
simultaneously	O
with	O
DEN	B-Chemical
for	O
4	O
and	O
6	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
mitotic	O
inhibition	O
and	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
micronuclei	O
normally	O
observed	O
after	O
partial	O
hepatectomy	O
in	O
DEN	B-Chemical
treated	O
rats	O
were	O
also	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
in	O
DEN	B-Chemical
+	O
PB	B-Chemical
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

When	O
the	O
treatment	O
last	O
only	O
2	O
weeks	O
,	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
PB	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
change	O
significantly	O
the	O
last	O
parameters	O
.	O

In	O
DEN	B-Chemical
+	O
PB	B-Chemical
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
survival	O
was	O
prolonged	O
and	O
the	O
tumor	B-Disease
incidence	O
decreased	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
results	O
obtained	O
by	O
DEN	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
PB	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
promotes	O
carcinogenesis	B-Disease
when	O
administered	O
after	O
the	O
DEN	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
reduces	O
the	O
carcinogen	O
effect	O
when	O
given	O
simultaneously	O
with	O
DEN	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
'	O
anti	O
-	O
carcinogen	O
'	O
effect	O
acts	O
on	O
the	O
initiation	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
on	O
the	O
promotion	O
of	O
the	O
precancerous	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
.	O

Biochemical	O
investigations	O
are	O
in	O
progress	O
to	O
obtain	O
more	O
information	O
about	O
this	O
'	O
paradoxical	O
'	O
PB	B-Chemical
effect	O
.	O

Bilateral	B-Disease
optic	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
combined	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
and	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
40	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
who	O
underwent	O
an	O
unsuccessful	O
cadaver	O
kidney	O
transplantation	O
and	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
and	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
is	O
reported	O
.	O

A	O
bilateral	B-Disease
retrobulbar	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
with	O
an	O
unusual	O
central	O
bitemporal	O
hemianopic	O
scotoma	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
.	O

Ethambutol	B-Chemical
was	O
stopped	O
and	O
only	O
small	O
improvement	O
of	O
the	O
visual	O
acuity	O
followed	O
.	O

Isoniazid	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
later	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
dramatic	O
improvement	O
in	O
the	O
visual	O
acuity	O
.	O

The	O
hazards	O
of	O
optic	O
nerve	O
toxicity	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
are	O
known	O
.	O

We	O
emphasize	O
the	O
potential	O
danger	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
and	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
study	O
of	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
associated	O
with	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
54	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
over	O
a	O
16	O
-	O
month	O
period	O
.	O

Vancomycin	B-Chemical
was	O
curative	O
in	O
95	O
%	O
of	O
43	O
patients	O
with	O
proven	O
infection	B-Disease
.	O

Drugs	O
were	O
ceased	O
in	O
six	O
patients	O
because	O
of	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
;	O
in	O
three	O
of	O
these	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
was	O
considered	O
the	O
likely	O
cause	O
.	O

Reactions	O
included	O
thrombophlebitis	B-Disease
(	O
20	O
of	O
54	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
rash	B-Disease
(	O
4	O
of	O
54	O
)	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
4	O
of	O
50	O
)	O
,	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
of	O
50	O
)	O
and	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
of	O
11	O
patients	O
tested	O
by	O
audiometry	O
)	O
.	O

Thrombophlebitis	B-Disease
occurred	O
only	O
with	O
infusion	O
through	O
peripheral	O
cannulae	O
;	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
were	O
confined	O
to	O
patients	O
receiving	O
an	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
plus	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
,	O
administered	O
appropriately	O
,	O
constitutes	O
safe	O
,	O
effective	O
therapy	O
for	O
infections	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
susceptible	O
bacteria	O
.	O

Factors	O
associated	O
with	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
.	O

Data	O
from	O
60	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
were	O
analyzed	O
for	O
factors	O
associated	O
with	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
42	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
,	O
data	O
were	O
examined	O
for	O
factors	O
associated	O
with	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
.	O

Variables	O
evaluated	O
included	O
patient	O
weight	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
level	O
,	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
total	O
dose	O
,	O
mean	O
daily	O
dose	O
,	O
organism	O
minimum	O
inhibitory	O
concentration	O
(	O
MIC	O
)	O
,	O
mean	O
peak	O
levels	O
,	O
mean	O
trough	O
levels	O
,	O
mean	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
serum	O
concentration	O
-	O
time	O
curve	O
(	O
AUC	O
)	O
,	O
total	O
AUC	O
,	O
mean	O
AUC	O
greater	O
than	O
MIC	O
,	O
total	O
AUC	O
greater	O
than	O
MIC	O
,	O
mean	O
Schumacher	O
'	O
s	O
intensity	O
factor	O
(	O
IF	O
)	O
,	O
total	O
IF	O
,	O
In	O
(	O
mean	O
maximum	O
concentration	O
[	O
Cmax	O
]	O
/	O
MIC	O
)	O
.	O

Model	O
-	O
dependent	O
pharmacokinetic	O
parameters	O
were	O
calculated	O
by	O
computer	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
one	O
-	O
compartment	O
model	O
.	O

When	O
the	O
parameters	O
were	O
examined	O
individually	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
therapy	O
and	O
total	O
AUC	O
correlated	O
significantly	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
with	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
a	O
stepwise	O
discriminant	O
function	O
analysis	O
identified	O
only	O
duration	O
of	O
therapy	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
as	O
an	O
important	O
factor	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
this	O
model	O
and	O
on	O
Bayes	O
'	O
theorem	O
,	O
the	O
predictive	O
accuracy	O
of	O
identifying	O
"	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
"	O
patients	O
increased	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
39	O
.	O

When	O
examined	O
individually	O
,	O
mean	O
IF	O
,	O
MIC	O
,	O
total	O
dose	O
,	O
mean	O
daily	O
dose	O
,	O
and	O
ln	O
(	O
mean	O
Cmax	O
/	O
MIC	O
)	O
correlated	O
significantly	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
with	O
cure	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
a	O
simultaneous	O
multivariable	O
analysis	O
identified	O
IF	O
,	O
MIC	O
,	O
and	O
total	O
dose	O
according	O
to	O
one	O
model	O
and	O
ln	O
(	O
mean	O
Cmax	O
/	O
MIC	O
)	O
according	O
to	O
a	O
second	O
statistical	O
model	O
of	O
parameters	O
selected	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
greatest	O
prospective	O
value	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
Bayes	O
'	O
theorem	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
model	O
,	O
the	O
predictive	O
accuracy	O
of	O
identifying	O
patients	O
not	O
cured	O
increased	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
19	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
83	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
second	O
model	O
,	O
the	O
predictive	O
accuracy	O
increased	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
19	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
.	O

Report	O
of	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
angina	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
colon	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
and	O
liver	O
metastasis	B-Disease
who	O
presented	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
after	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
administration	O
.	O

Clinical	O
electrocardiographic	O
evolution	O
was	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
observed	O
in	O
Prinzmetal	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
angina	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
promptly	O
resolved	O
with	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
coronary	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
that	O
calcium	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
may	O
probably	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
prevention	O
or	O
treatment	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Dose	O
-	O
related	O
beneficial	O
and	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
dietary	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
on	O
organophosphorus	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
delayed	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
in	O
chickens	O
.	O

Tri	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ortho	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tolyl	I-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
(	O
TOTP	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
360	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
po	O
,	O
and	O
0	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diisopropyl	I-Chemical
phosphorofluoridate	I-Chemical
(	O
DFP	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
,	O
were	O
administered	O
to	O
adult	O
White	O
Leghorn	O
chickens	O
24	O
hr	O
after	O
they	O
were	O
placed	O
on	O
diets	O
containing	O
0	O
to	O
300	O
ppm	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
.	O

Supplemented	O
diets	O
were	O
continued	O
until	O
clinical	O
signs	O
and	O
lesions	O
of	O
delayed	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
appeared	O
.	O

Although	O
low	O
concentrations	O
(	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
50	O
ppm	O
)	O
of	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
had	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
on	O
TOTP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
,	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
200	O
ppm	O
exacerbated	O
clinical	O
signs	O
in	O
chickens	O
given	O
either	O
TOTP	B-Chemical
or	O
DFP	B-Chemical
.	O

Neurotoxic	B-Disease
esterase	O
activities	O
24	O
hr	O
after	O
TOTP	B-Chemical
or	O
DFP	B-Chemical
were	O
less	O
than	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
values	O
measured	O
in	O
chickens	O
not	O
given	O
organophosphorous	B-Chemical
compounds	O
.	O

Chickens	O
given	O
200	O
ppm	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
without	O
TOTP	B-Chemical
or	O
DFP	B-Chemical
had	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
activity	O
of	O
plasma	O
cholinesterase	O
and	O
significantly	O
inhibited	O
activity	O
of	O
liver	O
carboxylesterase	O
.	O

Degenerating	B-Disease
myelinated	I-Disease
fibers	I-Disease
were	O
also	O
evident	O
in	O
distal	O
levels	O
of	O
the	O
peripheral	O
nerves	O
of	O
chickens	O
given	O
TOTP	B-Chemical
or	O
DFP	B-Chemical
.	O

Hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
has	O
proved	O
very	O
effective	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
otherwise	O
resistant	O
cardiac	O
tachyarrhythmias	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
has	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
been	O
limited	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
serious	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
.	O

A	O
patient	O
with	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
is	O
presented	O
below	O
and	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
is	O
given	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
solid	O
evidence	O
exists	O
of	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
including	O
steatosis	B-Disease
,	O
alterations	O
resembling	O
alcoholic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
and	O
micronodular	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
receiving	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
regularly	O
screened	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
hepatic	O
enzyme	O
levels	O
.	O

Therapy	O
should	O
be	O
discontinued	O
on	O
the	O
suspicion	O
of	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
or	O
hepatomegaly	B-Disease
.	O

Promotional	O
effects	O
of	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
dietary	O
fat	O
on	O
prostate	O
carcinogenesis	B-Disease
in	O
genetically	O
susceptible	O
rats	O
.	O

Germfree	O
(	O
GF	O
)	O
Lobund	O
strain	O
Wistar	O
(	O
LW	O
)	O
rats	O
,	O
fed	O
vegetable	O
diet	O
L	O
-	O
485	O
,	O
have	O
developed	O
prostate	B-Disease
adenocarcinomas	I-Disease
spontaneously	O
(	O
10	O
%	O
incidence	O
)	O
at	O
average	O
age	O
34	O
months	O
.	O

Conventional	O
LW	O
rats	O
,	O
implanted	O
with	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
at	O
age	O
4	O
months	O
,	O
developed	O
a	O
higher	O
incidence	O
of	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
after	O
an	O
average	O
interval	O
of	O
14	O
months	O
:	O
24	O
%	O
had	O
developed	O
gross	O
tumors	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
40	O
%	O
when	O
it	O
included	O
microscopic	O
tumors	B-Disease
.	O

Preliminary	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
LW	O
rats	O
that	O
were	O
fed	O
the	O
same	O
diet	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
supplemented	O
with	O
corn	O
oil	O
up	O
to	O
20	O
%	O
fat	O
,	O
developed	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
after	O
intervals	O
of	O
6	O
-	O
12	O
months	O
.	O

Aged	O
GF	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
(	O
SD	O
)	O
rats	O
have	O
not	O
developed	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
spontaneously	O
.	O

Conventional	O
SD	O
rats	O
fed	O
diet	O
L	O
-	O
485	O
and	O
treated	O
with	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
developed	O
only	O
prostatitis	B-Disease
.	O

Experimental	O
designs	O
should	O
consider	O
genetic	O
susceptibility	O
as	O
a	O
basic	O
prerequisite	O
for	O
studies	O
on	O
experimental	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Time	O
course	O
alterations	O
of	O
QTC	O
interval	O
due	O
to	O
hypaque	B-Chemical
76	I-Chemical
.	O

Sequential	O
measurement	O
of	O
QT	O
interval	O
during	O
left	O
ventricular	O
angiography	O
was	O
made	O
30	O
seconds	O
and	O
one	O
,	O
three	O
,	O
five	O
and	O
ten	O
minutes	O
after	O
injection	O
of	O
hypaque	B-Chemical
76	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
subjects	O
were	O
ten	O
patients	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
normal	O
left	O
ventricles	O
and	O
coronary	O
arteries	O
.	O

Significant	O
QTC	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
30	O
seconds	O
to	O
one	O
minute	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
marked	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
elevation	O
of	O
cardiac	O
output	O
.	O

Rat	O
extraocular	O
muscle	O
regeneration	O
.	O

Repair	O
of	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
-	O
induced	O
damage	O
.	O

Local	O
anesthetics	O
that	O
are	O
commonly	O
used	O
in	O
ophthalmic	O
surgery	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
%	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
mepivacaine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
plus	O
1	O
:	O
100	O
,	O
000	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
retrobulbar	O
area	O
of	O
rat	O
eyes	O
.	O

Controls	O
were	O
injected	O
with	O
physiological	O
saline	O
.	O

All	O
three	O
anesthetics	O
produced	O
massive	O
degeneration	O
of	O
the	O
extraocular	O
muscles	O
.	O

Muscle	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
is	O
followed	O
by	O
regeneration	O
of	O
the	O
damaged	O
muscle	O
fibers	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
muscle	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
severe	O
damage	O
was	O
also	O
seen	O
in	O
harderian	O
glands	O
,	O
especially	O
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
mepivacaine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
plus	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

With	O
these	O
findings	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
the	O
temporary	O
diplopia	B-Disease
sometimes	O
seen	O
in	O
patients	O
after	O
ophthalmic	O
surgery	O
might	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
anesthetic	O
-	O
induced	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
extraocular	O
muscles	O
.	O

Gentamicin	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
neonate	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
and	O
autopsy	O
findings	O
in	O
a	O
premature	O
baby	O
who	O
died	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
therapy	O
with	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
and	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
are	O
presented	O
.	O

The	O
serum	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
concentration	O
had	O
reached	O
toxic	O
levels	O
when	O
anuria	B-Disease
developed	O
.	O

Numerous	O
periodic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
Schiff	O
(	O
PAS	O
)	O
positive	O
,	O
diastase	O
resistant	O
cytoplasmic	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
which	O
appeared	O
as	O
myelin	O
figures	O
in	O
cytosegresomes	O
under	O
the	O
electron	O
microscope	O
were	O
identified	O
in	O
the	O
proximal	O
convoluted	O
tubules	O
.	O

The	O
pathological	O
changes	O
induced	O
by	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
human	O
neonatal	O
kidneys	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
previously	O
reported	O
.	O

Induction	O
by	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
tumours	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Effects	O
on	O
hepatocyte	O
fine	O
structure	O
.	O

Groups	O
of	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
inbred	O
Leeds	O
strain	O
rats	O
were	O
fed	O
diets	O
containing	O
either	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
or	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
by	O
weight	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
18	O
months	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
dosage	O
level	O
,	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
rats	O
of	O
both	O
sexes	O
developed	O
neoplastic	O
nodules	O
of	O
the	O
liver	O
,	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
incidence	O
.	O

These	O
rats	O
also	O
showed	O
gross	O
enlargement	O
of	O
their	O
livers	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
foci	O
of	O
cellular	O
alteration	O
,	O
the	O
latter	O
also	O
being	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
low	O
dosage	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Papillomas	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
transitional	O
epithelium	O
of	O
the	O
bladder	O
developed	O
in	O
all	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
groups	O
,	O
and	O
three	O
rats	O
bore	O
bladder	B-Disease
carcinomas	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
significant	O
yields	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
tumours	I-Disease
were	O
only	O
obtained	O
from	O
low	O
dosage	O
females	O
and	O
high	O
dosage	O
males	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
20	O
to	O
25	O
%	O
of	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
developed	O
hyperplasia	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
bladder	O
epithelium	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
not	O
coincident	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
calculi	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
low	O
yield	O
of	O
tumours	B-Disease
at	O
various	O
other	O
sites	O
also	O
arose	O
following	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
feeding	O
.	O

An	O
electron	O
microscope	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
livers	O
of	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
revealed	O
ultrastructural	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
hepatocytes	O
that	O
resemble	O
those	O
that	O
result	O
from	O
exposure	O
to	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
known	O
hepatocarcinogens	B-Disease
.	O

Transient	O
hemiparesis	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
rare	O
manifestation	O
of	O
diphenylhydantoin	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
common	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
diphenylhydantoin	B-Chemical
(	O
DPH	B-Chemical
)	O
overdose	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
most	O
frequently	O
encountered	O
neurological	O
signs	O
are	O
those	O
of	O
cerebellar	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Very	O
rarely	O
,	O
the	O
toxic	O
neurological	O
manifestations	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
are	O
of	O
cerebral	O
origin	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
are	O
presented	O
who	O
suffered	O
progressive	O
hemiparesis	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
DPH	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

Both	O
had	O
brain	O
surgery	O
before	O
DPH	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
assumed	O
that	O
patients	O
with	O
some	O
cerebral	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
are	O
liable	O
to	O
manifest	O
DPH	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
as	O
focal	O
neurological	O
signs	O
.	O

Tiapride	B-Chemical
in	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
involuntary	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
.	O

Tiapride	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
substituted	O
benzamide	B-Chemical
derivative	O
closely	O
related	O
to	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
,	O
reduced	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
peak	O
dose	O
involuntary	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
in	O
16	O
patients	O
with	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
Parkinson	I-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
an	O
unacceptable	O
increase	O
in	O
disability	O
from	O
Parkinsonism	B-Disease
with	O
aggravation	O
of	O
end	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
dose	O
akinesia	B-Disease
led	O
to	O
its	O
cessation	O
in	O
14	O
patients	O
.	O

Tiapride	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
early	O
morning	O
of	O
"	O
off	O
-	O
period	O
"	O
segmental	O
dystonia	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
fail	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
notion	O
that	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
are	O
caused	O
by	O
overstimulation	O
of	O
a	O
separate	O
group	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
.	O

Quinidine	B-Chemical
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
administration	O
of	O
quinidine	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
persistent	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
of	O
SGOT	O
,	O
lactic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
,	O
and	O
alkaline	O
phosphatase	O
.	O

Liver	O
biopsy	O
showed	O
active	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

Discontinuance	O
of	O
quinidine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
led	O
to	O
normalization	O
of	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
.	O

A	O
challenge	O
dose	O
of	O
quinidine	B-Chemical
caused	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
and	O
abrupt	O
elevation	O
of	O
SGOT	O
,	O
alkaline	O
phosphatase	O
,	O
and	O
lactic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
values	O
.	O

We	O
concluded	O
that	O
this	O
patient	O
had	O
quinidine	B-Chemical
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
believe	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
reported	O
with	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
documentation	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
also	O
suggests	O
that	O
,	O
even	O
after	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
administration	O
,	O
the	O
hepatic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
is	O
reversible	O
.	O

Arterial	O
thromboembolism	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
systemic	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
a	O
complication	O
associated	O
with	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

Arterial	O
thromboembolism	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
recognized	O
complication	O
of	O
systemic	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Characteristic	O
of	O
the	O
entity	O
is	O
arterial	B-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
by	O
platelet	O
-	O
fibrin	O
thrombi	B-Disease
with	O
distal	O
ischemia	B-Disease
occurring	O
four	O
to	O
twenty	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
preceded	O
by	O
profound	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
with	O
platelet	O
counts	O
in	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
30	O
,	O
000	O
to	O
40	O
,	O
000	O
per	O
cubic	O
millimeter	O
.	O

The	O
clinically	O
apparent	O
occlusion	O
may	O
be	O
preceded	O
by	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
musculoskeletal	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
that	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
ischemic	B-Disease
in	O
origin	O
,	O
and	O
might	O
serve	O
to	O
warn	O
the	O
clinician	O
of	O
these	O
complications	O
.	O

Previous	O
reports	O
of	O
these	O
phenomena	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
recent	O
studies	O
of	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
are	O
reviewed	O
.	O

The	O
common	O
factor	O
relating	O
thromboembolism	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
is	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
.	O

Appropriate	O
treatment	O
consists	O
of	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
anticoagulation	O
with	O
sodium	B-Chemical
warfarin	I-Chemical
if	O
necessary	O
.	O

Vascular	O
procedures	O
are	O
performed	O
as	O
indicated	O
.	O

Pharmacology	O
of	O
GYKI	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
41	I-Chemical
099	I-Chemical
(	O
chlorpropanol	B-Chemical
,	O
Tobanum	B-Chemical
)	O
a	O
new	O
potent	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
antagonist	O
.	O

The	O
compound	O
GYKI	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
41	I-Chemical
099	I-Chemical
,	O
as	O
a	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
antagonist	O
,	O
is	O
3	O
-	O
8	O
times	O
more	O
potent	O
than	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Its	O
antiarrhythmic	O
effectiveness	O
surpasses	O
that	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
pindolol	B-Chemical
inhibiting	O
the	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
arrhythmia	B-Disease
in	O
dogs	O
and	O
cats	O
.	O

GYKI	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
41	I-Chemical
900	I-Chemical
has	O
a	O
negligible	O
cardiodepressant	O
activity	O
;	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
cardioselective	O
.	O

The	O
compound	O
shows	O
a	O
rapid	O
and	O
long	O
lasting	O
effect	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
prolonged	O
elimination	O
of	O
the	O
radioactivity	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
14C	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
41	I-Chemical
099	I-Chemical
to	O
rats	O
and	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
half	O
life	O
of	O
the	O
unlabeled	O
substance	O
in	O
humans	O
was	O
more	O
than	O
10	O
hours	O
.	O

Adverse	O
reactions	O
to	O
bendrofluazide	B-Chemical
and	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
mild	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Report	O
of	O
Medical	O
Research	O
Council	O
Working	O
Party	O
on	O
Mild	O
to	O
Moderate	O
Hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Participants	O
in	O
the	O
Medical	O
Research	O
Council	O
treatment	O
trial	O
for	O
mild	O
hypertension	B-Disease
are	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
four	O
treatment	O
groups	O
:	O
bendrofluazide	B-Chemical
,	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
a	O
placebo	O
for	O
either	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
trial	O
is	O
single	O
-	O
blind	O
.	O

23	O
582	O
patient	O
-	O
years	O
of	O
observation	O
have	O
been	O
completed	O
so	O
far	O
,	O
10	O
684	O
on	O
active	O
drugs	O
and	O
12	O
898	O
on	O
placebos	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
show	O
an	O
association	O
between	O
bendrofluazide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
impotence	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
impotence	B-Disease
also	O
occurred	O
more	O
frequently	O
in	O
patients	O
taking	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
than	O
in	O
those	O
taking	O
placebos	O
.	O

Other	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
significantly	O
linked	O
with	O
active	O
drugs	O
include	O
impaired	B-Disease
glucose	I-Disease
tolerance	I-Disease
in	O
men	O
and	O
women	O
and	O
gout	B-Disease
in	O
men	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
bendrofluazide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
and	O
Raynaud	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
phenomenon	I-Disease
and	O
dyspnoea	B-Disease
in	O
men	O
and	O
women	O
taking	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
.	O

No	O
corneal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
is	O
known	O
to	O
have	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

Mean	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
level	O
fell	O
,	O
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
and	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
levels	O
rose	O
,	O
in	O
men	O
and	O
women	O
taking	O
bendrofluazide	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
and	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
levels	O
rose	O
in	O
both	O
sexes	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
urea	B-Chemical
level	O
rose	O
significantly	O
in	O
women	O
only	O
.	O

Serotonergic	O
drugs	O
,	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
and	O
baclofen	B-Chemical
block	O
muscimol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myoclonic	B-Disease
jerks	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
strain	O
of	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
male	O
Swiss	O
mice	O
,	O
muscimol	B-Chemical
produced	O
myoclonic	B-Disease
jerks	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
dose	O
induced	O
this	O
response	O
in	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
mice	O
tested	O
and	O
the	O
peak	O
response	O
of	O
73	O
jerks	O
per	O
min	O
was	O
observed	O
between	O
27	O
and	O
45	O
min	O
.	O

Increasing	O
the	O
brain	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
levels	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptophan	I-Chemical
(	O
80	O
-	O
160	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
a	O
peripheral	O
decarboxylase	O
inhibitor	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
inhibition	O
of	O
the	O
muscimol	B-Chemical
effect	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
similar	O
experiment	O
l	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
(	O
80	O
-	O
160	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
without	O
effect	O
.	O

In	O
doses	O
of	O
3	O
-	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
the	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonist	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
212	I-Chemical
caused	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
blockade	O
of	O
the	O
response	O
of	O
muscimol	B-Chemical
.	O

Of	O
the	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
,	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
several	O
fold	O
more	O
potent	O
than	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
blocking	O
the	O
myoclonic	B-Disease
jerks	I-Disease
.	O

While	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
baclofen	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
-	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
proved	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
antagonist	O
of	O
muscimol	B-Chemical
,	O
its	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
isomer	O
(	O
5	O
-	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
lacked	O
this	O
property	O
.	O

Considering	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HTP	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
beneficial	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
clinical	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
muscimol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
seems	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
satisfactory	O
animal	O
model	O
that	O
may	O
prove	O
useful	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
new	O
drug	O
treatments	O
for	O
this	O
condition	O
.	O

Our	O
present	O
study	O
indicated	O
the	O
possible	O
value	O
of	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
212	I-Chemical
and	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
baclofen	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
clinical	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
.	O

Adverse	O
interaction	O
between	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
adrenergic	I-Chemical
blocking	I-Chemical
drugs	I-Chemical
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
-	O
-	O
report	O
of	O
three	O
cases	O
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
with	O
ischaemic	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
developed	O
profound	O
cardiac	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
during	O
combined	O
therapy	O
with	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
and	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
adrenergic	I-Chemical
blocking	I-Chemical
drugs	I-Chemical
.	O

This	O
clinical	O
picture	O
resolved	O
completely	O
with	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
combined	O
therapy	O
.	O

Baseline	O
left	O
ventricular	O
function	O
,	O
assessed	O
by	O
cardiac	O
catheterisation	O
or	O
nuclear	O
angiography	O
,	O
was	O
normal	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
and	O
only	O
mildly	O
reduced	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
.	O

Simultaneously	O
administration	O
of	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
adrenergic	I-Chemical
blocking	I-Chemical
drugs	I-Chemical
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
may	O
result	O
in	O
profound	O
adverse	O
interactions	O
and	O
should	O
only	O
be	O
administered	O
with	O
great	O
caution	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
the	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
and	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
in	O
inhibiting	O
acid	O
secretion	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
gastric	O
hypersecretory	O
states	O
.	O

The	O
H2	O
-	O
histamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonists	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
and	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
were	O
compared	O
for	O
their	O
abilities	O
to	O
control	O
gastric	O
acid	O
hypersecretion	O
on	O
a	O
short	O
-	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
basis	O
in	O
22	O
patients	O
with	O
gastric	O
acid	O
hypersecretory	O
states	O
.	O

Nineteen	O
patients	O
had	O
Zollinger	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Ellison	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
one	O
patient	O
had	O
systemic	B-Disease
mastocytosis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
two	O
patients	O
had	O
idiopathic	O
hypersecretion	O
.	O

The	O
rates	O
of	O
onset	O
of	O
the	O
action	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
and	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
were	O
the	O
same	O
.	O

The	O
actions	O
of	O
both	O
drugs	O
were	O
increased	O
by	O
anticholinergic	O
agents	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
correlation	O
between	O
the	O
daily	O
maintenance	O
dose	O
of	O
each	O
drug	O
needed	O
to	O
control	O
acid	O
secretion	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
was	O
threefold	O
more	O
potent	O
than	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
both	O
in	O
acute	O
inhibition	O
studies	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
median	O
maintenance	O
dose	O
needed	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
g	O
per	O
day	O
for	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
and	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
g	O
per	O
day	O
for	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Sixty	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
males	O
developed	O
breast	O
changes	O
or	O
impotence	B-Disease
while	O
taking	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
and	O
in	O
all	O
cases	O
these	O
changes	O
disappeared	O
when	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
was	O
replaced	O
by	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
(	O
one	O
to	O
60	O
months	O
;	O
median	O
,	O
11	O
months	O
)	O
or	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
(	O
two	O
to	O
31	O
months	O
;	O
median	O
,	O
14	O
months	O
)	O
was	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
hepatic	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
hematologic	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
or	O
alterations	O
of	O
serum	O
gastrin	O
concentrations	O
,	O
but	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
significantly	O
lower	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
level	O
than	O
seen	O
with	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
both	O
drugs	O
can	O
adequately	O
inhibit	O
acid	O
secretion	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
gastric	O
hypersecretory	O
states	O
.	O

Both	O
are	O
safe	O
at	O
high	O
doses	O
,	O
but	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
is	O
threefold	O
more	O
potent	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
cause	O
the	O
antiandrogen	O
side	O
effects	O
frequently	O
seen	O
with	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Epileptogenic	O
properties	O
of	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
and	O
their	O
clinical	O
interpretation	O
.	O

Three	O
cases	O
of	O
EEG	O
changes	O
induced	O
by	O
single	O
exposure	O
to	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
are	O
reported	O
.	O

In	O
one	O
patient	O
,	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
administered	O
during	O
a	O
donor	O
nephrectomy	O
resulted	O
in	O
unexpected	O
partial	O
motor	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Until	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
was	O
correctly	O
identified	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
inappropriately	O
treated	O
with	O
anticonvulsants	O
.	O

Two	O
other	O
patients	O
suffered	O
from	O
partial	O
,	O
complex	O
and	O
generalized	O
seizures	B-Disease
uncontrolled	O
by	O
medication	O
.	O

Epileptic	B-Disease
foci	O
delineated	O
and	O
activated	O
by	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
were	O
surgically	O
ablated	O
and	O
the	O
patients	O
are	O
now	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
free	O
.	O

Previous	O
exposures	O
to	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
have	O
to	O
be	O
disclosed	O
to	O
avoid	O
mistakes	O
in	O
clinical	O
interpretation	O
of	O
the	O
EEG	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
may	O
prove	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
safe	O
fast	O
acting	O
activator	O
of	O
epileptic	B-Disease
foci	O
during	O
corticography	O
or	O
depth	O
electrode	O
intraoperative	O
recordings	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
was	O
studied	O
in	O
adult	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
following	O
daily	O
subcutaneous	O
injections	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
ISO	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
time	O
course	O
was	O
established	O
for	O
the	O
change	O
in	O
tissue	O
mass	O
,	O
RNA	O
and	O
DNA	O
content	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
hydroxyproline	B-Chemical
content	O
.	O

Heart	O
weight	O
increased	O
44	O
%	O
after	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
a	O
half	O
time	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

Ventricular	O
RNA	O
content	O
was	O
elevated	O
26	O
%	O
after	O
24	O
h	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
and	O
reached	O
a	O
maximal	O
level	O
following	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
half	O
time	O
for	O
RNA	O
accumulation	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
days	O
.	O

The	O
total	O
content	O
of	O
hydroxyproline	B-Chemical
remained	O
stable	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
2	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
but	O
increased	O
46	O
%	O
after	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Ventricular	O
DNA	O
content	O
was	O
unchanged	O
during	O
the	O
early	O
stage	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
4	O
days	O
)	O
of	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
growth	O
but	O
increased	O
to	O
a	O
new	O
steady	O
-	O
state	O
level	O
19	O
%	O
above	O
the	O
controls	O
after	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Intraventricular	O
pressures	O
and	O
coronary	O
flow	O
measures	O
were	O
similar	O
for	O
control	O
and	O
experimental	O
animals	O
following	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
developed	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
dP	O
/	O
dt	O
in	O
the	O
ISO	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
hearts	O
was	O
slightly	O
but	O
significantly	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
elevated	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
adaptive	O
response	O
to	O
ISO	B-Chemical
shows	O
an	O
early	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
phase	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
4	O
days	O
)	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
substantial	O
increase	O
in	O
RNA	O
content	O
and	O
cardiac	O
mass	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
changes	O
in	O
DNA	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
prolonged	O
stimulation	O
(	O
8	O
-	O
12	O
days	O
)	O
appears	O
to	O
represent	O
a	O
complex	O
integration	O
of	O
both	O
cellular	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
and	O
hyperplasia	B-Disease
within	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

Multiple	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
penicillamine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
one	O
patient	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

Skin	B-Disease
rashes	I-Disease
,	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
systemic	B-Disease
lupus	I-Disease
erythematosus	I-Disease
,	O
polymyositis	B-Disease
and	O
myasthenia	B-Disease
gravis	I-Disease
have	O
all	O
been	O
recorded	O
as	O
complications	O
of	O
penicillamine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
patient	O
who	O
had	O
developed	O
all	O
5	O
is	O
now	O
described	O
.	O

The	O
skin	B-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
resembled	O
elastosis	B-Disease
perforans	I-Disease
serpiginosa	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
a	O
rare	O
side	O
effect	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
but	O
not	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
penicillamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Obsolete	O
but	O
dangerous	O
antacid	O
preparations	O
.	O

One	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
hypercalcaemia	B-Disease
and	O
two	O
of	O
recurrent	O
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
are	O
reported	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
regularly	O
consumed	O
large	O
amounts	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
carbon	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ate	I-Chemical
-	O
sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
powders	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
20	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
powders	O
had	O
been	O
obtained	O
from	O
pharmacists	O
unknown	O
to	O
the	O
patients	O
'	O
medical	O
practitioners	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
these	O
preparations	O
were	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
problems	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
such	O
powders	O
should	O
no	O
longer	O
be	O
freely	O
obtainable	O
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
in	O
children	O
with	O
left	O
-	O
sided	O
Wilms	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
.	O

Two	O
children	O
with	O
Wilms	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
left	O
kidney	O
experienced	O
severe	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
after	O
irradiation	O
to	O
the	O
tumor	B-Disease
bed	O
and	O
conventional	O
dosage	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
is	O
attributed	O
1	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
radiation	O
fields	O
for	O
left	O
Wilms	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
include	O
the	O
lower	O
portion	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
and	O
2	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
interaction	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
irradiation	O
on	O
cardiac	O
muscle	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
recommended	O
that	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
dosage	O
be	O
sharply	O
restricted	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
Wilms	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
left	O
kidney	O
who	O
receive	O
postoperative	O
irradiation	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
calcitonin	O
on	O
rat	O
extrapyramidal	O
motor	O
system	O
:	O
behavioral	O
and	O
biochemical	O
data	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
human	O
and	O
salmon	O
calcitonin	O
on	O
biochemical	O
and	O
behavioral	O
parameters	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
extrapyramidal	O
motor	O
system	O
,	O
were	O
investigated	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Calcitonin	O
injection	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
potentiation	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
partial	O
prevention	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

Moreover	O
calcitonin	O
induced	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
nigral	O
GAD	O
activity	O
but	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
striatal	O
DA	B-Chemical
and	O
DOPAC	B-Chemical
concentration	O
or	O
GAD	O
activity	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
are	O
discussed	O
in	O
view	O
of	O
a	O
primary	O
action	O
of	O
calcitonin	O
on	O
the	O
striatonigral	O
GABAergic	O
pathway	O
mediating	O
the	O
DA	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
behavioral	O
messages	O
of	O
striatal	O
origin	O
.	O

Naloxazone	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
modifies	O
cardiorespiratory	O
,	O
temperature	O
,	O
and	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Behavioral	O
and	O
cardiorespiratory	O
responses	O
to	O
a	O
lethal	O
dose	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
rats	O
pretreated	O
with	O
saline	O
or	O
naloxazone	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
antagonist	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
affinity	O
mu	O
1	O
opioid	O
receptors	O
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
naloxazone	B-Chemical
significantly	O
blocked	O
morphine	B-Chemical
analgesia	B-Disease
,	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
at	O
a	O
dose	O
which	O
completely	O
eliminated	O
high	O
-	O
affinity	O
binding	O
in	O
brain	O
membranes	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
naloxazone	B-Chemical
significantly	O
attenuated	O
the	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
respiratory	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
was	O
less	O
affected	O
.	O

Results	O
indicate	O
that	O
subpopulations	O
of	O
mu	O
receptors	O
may	O
mediate	O
selective	O
behavioral	O
and	O
cardiorespiratory	O
responses	O
to	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Modification	O
of	O
drug	O
action	O
by	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
ammonium	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
NH4Ac	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
6	O
mmol	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
approximately	O
doubled	O
the	O
time	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
mice	O
remained	O
on	O
a	O
hot	O
surface	O
and	O
similarly	O
increased	O
muscular	O
incoordination	B-Disease
by	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
NH4Ac	B-Chemical
treatment	O
alone	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
is	O
capable	O
of	O
altering	O
drug	O
action	O
and	O
must	O
be	O
considered	O
along	O
with	O
impaired	O
drug	O
metabolism	O
in	O
enhanced	O
drug	O
responses	O
associated	O
with	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Experiments	O
in	O
vitro	O
showed	O
that	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
release	O
from	O
bovine	O
adrenal	O
medulla	O
is	O
depressed	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
50	O
%	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
mM	O
NH4Ac	B-Chemical
and	O
KCl	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
contractions	O
of	O
guinea	O
-	O
pig	O
ileum	O
were	O
inhibited	O
20	O
%	O
by	O
5	O
mM	O
NH4Ac	B-Chemical
.	O

Addition	O
of	O
excess	O
calcium	B-Chemical
reversed	O
the	O
depression	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
tissues	O
,	O
but	O
calcium	B-Chemical
-	O
independent	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
release	O
by	O
acetaldehyde	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
blocked	O
by	O
NH4Ac	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggested	O
that	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
blocks	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channels	O
.	O

Parallels	O
in	O
the	O
actions	O
of	O
NH4Ac	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
support	O
this	O
concept	O
.	O

Both	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
NH4Ac	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
enhanced	O
morphine	B-Chemical
analgesia	B-Disease
-	O
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscular	O
incoordination	B-Disease
and	O
antagonized	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
motor	O
activity	O
,	O
and	O
neither	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
nor	O
NH4Ac	B-Chemical
affected	O
the	O
convulsant	O
action	O
of	O
metrazol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
exerts	O
a	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocking	O
action	O
which	O
enhances	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
depressants	O
and	O
certain	O
opioid	O
analgesics	O
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
and	O
thalamotomy	O
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
limbs	O
in	O
thirteen	O
cases	O
of	O
Parkinsonism	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
was	O
choreic	O
,	O
ballistic	O
or	O
dystonic	B-Disease
in	O
type	O
,	O
was	O
alleviated	O
almost	O
completely	O
by	O
stereotaxic	O
surgery	O
using	O
a	O
microelectrode	O
technique	O
for	O
the	O
ventralis	O
oralis	O
anterior	O
and	O
posterior	O
nuclei	O
of	O
the	O
thalamus	O
,	O
but	O
much	O
less	O
by	O
the	O
ventralis	O
intermedius	O
nucleus	O
.	O

Control	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
by	O
thalamic	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
routine	O
treatment	O
of	O
Parkinsonism	B-Disease
is	O
discussed	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
urothelial	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
by	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
mercaptoethane	I-Chemical
sulphonate	I-Chemical
(	O
MESNA	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
patients	O
with	O
inoperable	O
lung	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
thiol	B-Chemical
compound	O
sodium	B-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
mercaptoethane	I-Chemical
sulphonate	I-Chemical
(	O
MESNA	B-Chemical
)	O
against	O
urothelial	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
(	O
IF	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
tested	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
45	O
patients	O
with	O
inoperable	O
lung	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
under	O
treatment	O
with	O
IF	B-Chemical
(	O
2250	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
polychemotherapy	O
regimen	O
repeated	O
in	O
a	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
cycle	O
.	O

MESNA	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
orally	O
on	O
the	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
IF	B-Chemical
in	O
3	O
doses	O
of	O
840	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
each	O
administered	O
at	O
0	O
hr	O
(	O
=	O
injection	O
of	O
IF	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
4	O
hr	O
and	O
8	O
hr	O
p	O
.	O
i	O
.	O

Out	O
of	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
88	O
courses	O
of	O
this	O
treatment	O
we	O
observed	O
10	O
episodes	O
of	O
asymptomatic	O
microscopic	O
haematuria	B-Disease
and	O
no	O
episodes	O
of	O
gross	O
haematuria	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
45	O
patients	O
under	O
protection	O
with	O
MESNA	B-Chemical
there	O
were	O
5	O
complete	O
remissions	O
and	O
9	O
partial	O
remissions	O
(	O
total	O
31	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
further	O
group	O
of	O
25	O
patients	O
under	O
polychemotherapy	O
with	O
IF	B-Chemical
were	O
treated	O
by	O
conventional	O
prophylactic	O
measures	O
(	O
raised	O
fluid	O
intake	O
and	O
forced	O
diuresis	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
group	O
there	O
were	O
1	O
complete	O
and	O
5	O
partial	O
remissions	O
(	O
total	O
24	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
nearly	O
all	O
patients	O
developed	O
either	O
gross	O
haematuria	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
symptoms	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
irritation	I-Disease
(	O
cystitis	B-Disease
and	O
pollakisuria	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
appreciable	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
MESNA	B-Chemical
series	O
and	O
the	O
conventional	O
prophylaxis	O
series	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
either	O
haematological	O
or	O
systemic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
cytostatic	O
treatment	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
support	O
the	O
view	O
that	O
MESNA	B-Chemical
,	O
given	O
orally	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
combined	O
cytostatic	O
regimens	O
which	O
include	O
IF	B-Chemical
,	O
simplifies	O
the	O
treatment	O
and	O
provides	O
optimum	O
protection	O
for	O
the	O
urinary	O
epithelium	O
.	O

Protection	O
with	O
oral	O
MESNA	B-Chemical
is	O
particularly	O
suitable	O
for	O
outpatients	O
.	O

Myoclonic	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
atonic	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
absence	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
following	O
institution	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

Five	O
children	O
,	O
aged	O
3	O
to	O
11	O
years	O
,	O
treated	O
with	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
for	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
,	O
had	O
an	O
acute	O
aberrant	O
reaction	O
characterized	O
by	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
myoclonic	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
atypical	I-Disease
absence	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
/	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
atonic	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
minor	I-Disease
motor	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
within	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
.	O

When	O
the	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
,	O
two	O
of	O
the	O
children	O
returned	O
to	O
their	O
former	O
state	O
very	O
quickly	O
,	O
two	O
had	O
the	O
minor	O
motor	O
seizures	B-Disease
resolve	O
in	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
had	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
persist	O
.	O

The	O
child	O
in	O
whom	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
persisted	O
was	O
later	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
ceroid	B-Disease
lipofuscinosis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
other	O
children	O
are	O
doing	O
well	O
on	O
other	O
anticonvulsants	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthetase	O
inhibitors	O
on	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

To	O
investigate	O
the	O
relationship	O
of	O
prostaglandins	B-Chemical
(	O
PGs	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
seizure	B-Disease
induction	O
,	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
six	O
PG	O
synthetase	O
inhibitors	O
on	O
convulsions	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
flurothyl	B-Chemical
,	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
,	O
pentetrazol	B-Chemical
(	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
electroshock	O
or	O
bicuculline	B-Chemical
were	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Ibuprofen	B-Chemical
,	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
,	O
mefenamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
low	O
dose	O
meclofenamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
latency	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
onset	O
in	O
the	O
flurothyl	B-Chemical
and	O
/	O
or	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
models	O
;	O
the	O
electroshock	O
,	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
and	O
bicuculline	B-Chemical
models	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
affected	O
by	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
pretreatment	O
agents	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
PGs	B-Chemical
are	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
mechanism	O
(	O
s	O
)	O
underlying	O
fluorthyl	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
not	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
-	O
,	O
electroshock	O
-	O
,	O
or	O
bicuculline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Acute	O
changes	O
of	O
blood	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
may	O
predict	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
VPA	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
24	O
epileptic	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
were	O
already	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
other	O
antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
.	O

A	O
standardized	O
loading	O
dose	O
of	O
VPA	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
,	O
and	O
venous	O
blood	O
was	O
sampled	O
at	O
0	O
,	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
4	O
hours	O
.	O

Ammonia	B-Chemical
(	O
NH3	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
higher	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
,	O
during	O
continuous	O
therapy	O
,	O
complained	O
of	O
drowsiness	B-Disease
(	O
7	O
patients	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
who	O
were	O
symptom	O
-	O
free	O
(	O
17	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
although	O
VPA	B-Chemical
plasma	O
levels	O
were	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

By	O
measuring	O
VPA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
changes	O
of	O
blood	O
NH3	B-Chemical
content	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
possible	O
to	O
identify	O
patients	O
at	O
higher	O
risk	O
of	O
obtundation	O
when	O
VPA	B-Chemical
is	O
given	O
chronically	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
on	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
and	O
aminonucleoside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
in	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
reproducing	O
the	O
same	O
renal	B-Disease
abnormality	I-Disease
with	O
captopril	B-Chemical
was	O
examined	O
in	O
SHR	O
.	O

Oral	O
administration	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
at	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
14	O
days	O
failed	O
to	O
aggravate	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
in	O
SHR	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
captopril	B-Chemical
treatment	O
failed	O
to	O
potentiate	O
or	O
facilitate	O
development	O
of	O
massive	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
invoked	O
by	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
in	O
SHR	O
.	O

Captopril	B-Chemical
had	O
little	O
or	O
no	O
demonstrable	O
effects	O
on	O
serum	O
electrolyte	O
concentrations	O
,	O
excretion	O
of	O
urine	O
,	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
,	O
endogenous	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
,	O
body	O
weight	O
,	O
and	O
food	O
and	O
water	O
consumption	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
ketone	B-Chemical
bodies	O
were	O
consistently	O
present	O
in	O
urine	O
and	O
several	O
lethalities	O
occurred	O
during	O
multiple	O
dosing	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
in	O
SHR	O
.	O

Complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
following	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
.	O

Forty	O
minutes	O
after	O
receiving	O
a	O
single	O
starting	O
dose	O
of	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
patient	O
developed	O
complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
case	O
illustrates	O
that	O
,	O
despite	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
earlier	O
studies	O
,	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
effect	O
on	O
cardiac	O
conduction	O
may	O
be	O
severe	O
in	O
individuals	O
at	O
risk	O
for	O
conduction	O
delay	O
.	O

Phenobarbital	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
neurologically	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
impaired	I-Disease
child	O
.	O

A	O
2	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
child	O
with	O
known	O
neurologic	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
developed	O
a	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
soon	O
after	O
starting	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Known	O
causes	O
of	O
movement	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
were	O
eliminated	O
after	O
evaluation	O
.	O

On	O
repeat	O
challenge	O
with	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
recurred	O
.	O

Phenobarbital	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
anticonvulsant	O
drugs	O
that	O
can	O
cause	O
movement	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
amine	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
on	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
catatonia	B-Disease
in	O
pinealectomized	O
or	O
hypophysectomized	O
animals	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
were	O
designed	O
to	O
clarify	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
and	O
pineal	O
idolamines	O
on	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catatonia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
intact	O
,	O
pinealectomized	O
or	O
hypophysectomized	O
chick	O
and	O
rat	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
pinealectomized	O
chick	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
catatonia	B-Disease
(	O
DOC	O
)	O
after	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
.	O

The	O
pineal	O
indolamines	O
exhibited	O
mixed	O
actions	O
.	O

Serotonin	B-Chemical
and	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acetyl	I-Chemical
serotonin	I-Chemical
which	O
augmented	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
DOC	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
do	O
so	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
the	O
pineal	O
gland	O
,	O
whereas	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
potentiated	O
the	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
DOC	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
intact	O
and	O
pinealectomized	O
chick	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
was	O
more	O
potent	O
in	O
the	O
hypophysectomized	O
chick	O
and	O
the	O
circadian	O
rhythm	O
noted	O
in	O
the	O
intact	O
chick	O
was	O
absent	O
;	O
furthermore	O
,	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
augment	O
the	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
DOC	O
whereas	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
continued	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
did	O
not	O
demonstrate	O
a	O
species	O
difference	O
regarding	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
amines	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
pineal	O
in	O
spite	O
of	O
the	O
immature	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
in	O
the	O
young	O
chick	O
and	O
the	O
intact	O
barrier	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
these	O
data	O
indicate	O
a	O
direct	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
pituitary	O
in	O
the	O
augmentation	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
DOC	O
induced	O
by	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
appeared	O
to	O
act	O
on	O
systems	O
more	O
closely	O
involved	O
with	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
catatonia	B-Disease
rather	O
than	O
directly	O
on	O
the	O
pituitary	O
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
.	O

Sixty	O
-	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
are	O
reported	O
.	O

Clinical	O
manifestations	O
of	O
this	O
disorder	O
include	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
or	O
,	O
more	O
frequently	O
,	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
events	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
heparin	B-Chemical
.	O

Laboratory	O
testing	O
has	O
revealed	O
a	B-Disease
falling	I-Disease
platelet	I-Disease
count	I-Disease
,	O
increased	O
resistance	O
to	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
aggregation	O
of	O
platelets	O
by	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
plasma	O
when	O
heparin	B-Chemical
is	O
added	O
.	O

Immunologic	O
testing	O
has	O
demonstrated	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
platelet	O
membrane	O
antibody	O
.	O

The	O
20	O
deaths	O
,	O
52	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
thromboembolic	I-Disease
complications	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
21	O
surgical	O
procedures	O
to	O
manage	O
the	O
complications	O
confirm	O
the	O
seriousness	O
of	O
the	O
disorder	O
.	O

Specific	O
risk	O
factors	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
identified	O
;	O
therefore	O
,	O
all	O
patients	O
receiving	O
heparin	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
.	O

If	O
the	O
platelet	O
count	O
falls	O
to	O
less	O
than	O
100	O
,	O
000	O
/	O
mm3	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
patient	O
is	O
receiving	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
testing	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
plasma	O
,	O
is	O
indicated	O
.	O

Management	O
consists	O
of	O
cessation	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
platelet	O
anti	O
-	O
aggregating	O
agents	O
,	O
and	O
alternate	O
forms	O
of	O
anticoagulation	O
when	O
indicated	O
.	O

Ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
from	O
diatrizoate	B-Chemical
with	O
and	O
without	O
chelating	O
agents	O
.	O

The	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
Renografin	B-Chemical
76	I-Chemical
%	I-Chemical
was	O
compared	O
with	O
that	O
of	O
Hypaque	B-Chemical
76	I-Chemical
%	I-Chemical
by	O
selective	O
injection	O
of	O
each	O
into	O
the	O
right	O
coronary	O
artery	O
of	O
dogs	O
.	O

Renografin	B-Chemical
contains	O
the	O
chelating	O
agents	O
sodium	B-Chemical
citrate	I-Chemical
and	O
disodium	B-Chemical
edetate	I-Chemical
,	O
while	O
Hypaque	B-Chemical
contains	O
calcium	B-Chemical
disodium	I-Chemical
edetate	I-Chemical
and	O
no	O
sodium	B-Chemical
citrate	I-Chemical
.	O

Ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
occurred	O
significantly	O
more	O
often	O
with	O
Renografin	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
chelating	O
agents	O
contribute	O
to	O
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
coronary	O
angiography	O
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
or	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
to	O
154	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
sustained	O
,	O
symptomatic	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
(	O
VT	B-Disease
)	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
118	O
)	O
or	O
a	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
36	O
)	O
and	O
who	O
were	O
refractory	O
to	O
conventional	O
antiarrhythmic	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
loading	O
dose	O
was	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
6	O
weeks	O
and	O
the	O
maintenance	O
dose	O
was	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
.	O

Sixty	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
continued	O
treatment	O
with	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
and	O
had	O
no	O
recurrence	O
of	O
symptomatic	O
VT	B-Disease
or	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
(	O
VF	B-Disease
)	O
over	O
a	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
6	O
to	O
52	O
months	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
standard	O
deviation	O
14	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

Six	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
nonfatal	O
recurrence	O
of	O
VT	B-Disease
and	O
were	O
successfully	O
managed	O
by	O
continuing	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
higher	O
dose	O
or	O
by	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
a	O
conventional	O
antiarrhythmic	O
drug	O
.	O

One	O
or	O
more	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reactions	O
occurred	O
in	O
51	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Adverse	O
effects	O
forced	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
in	O
41	O
%	O
and	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
in	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
symptomatic	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
were	O
tremor	B-Disease
or	O
ataxia	B-Disease
(	O
35	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
anorexia	B-Disease
(	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
visual	B-Disease
halos	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
blurring	I-Disease
(	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
thyroid	B-Disease
function	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
(	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
interstitial	I-Disease
infiltrates	I-Disease
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
large	O
-	O
dose	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
is	O
highly	O
effective	O
in	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
of	O
VT	B-Disease
or	O
VF	B-Disease
refractory	O
to	O
conventional	O
antiarrhythmic	O
drugs	O
,	O
it	O
causes	O
significant	O
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
approximately	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
dose	O
is	O
adjusted	O
based	O
on	O
clinical	O
response	O
or	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
adverse	O
effects	O
,	O
75	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
VT	B-Disease
or	O
VF	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
successfully	O
managed	O
with	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
.	O

Why	O
may	O
epsilon	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminocaproic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
EACA	B-Chemical
)	O
induce	O
myopathy	B-Disease
in	O
man	O
?	O

Report	O
of	O
a	O
case	O
and	O
literature	O
review	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
necrotizing	B-Disease
myopathy	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
a	O
short	O
epsilon	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminocaproic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
EACA	B-Chemical
)	O
treatment	O
in	O
a	O
72	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
with	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
SAH	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

Pathogenetic	O
hypotheses	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
phenylpropanolamine	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

Phenylpropanolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
PPA	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
drug	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
serious	O
side	O
effects	O
including	O
stroke	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
often	O
combined	O
with	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
diet	O
preparations	O
and	O
"	O
look	O
-	O
alike	O
"	O
pills	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
PPA	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
can	O
lead	O
to	O
stroke	B-Disease
in	O
normotensive	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
,	O
we	O
administered	O
the	O
combination	O
in	O
six	O
times	O
the	O
allowed	O
human	O
dose	O
calculated	O
on	O
a	O
per	O
weight	O
basis	O
for	O
the	O
rats	O
two	O
times	O
per	O
day	O
for	O
five	O
days	O
.	O

Subarachnoid	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
cerebral	I-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
was	O
noted	O
in	O
18	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
PPA	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
same	O
dose	O
)	O
lead	O
to	O
acute	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
the	O
normotensive	O
and	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
animals	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
PPA	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
can	O
lead	O
to	O
cerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
in	O
previously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
animals	O
when	O
administered	O
in	O
greater	O
than	O
the	O
allowed	O
dosage	O
.	O

An	O
acute	O
elevation	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
may	O
be	O
a	O
contributing	O
factor	O
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
papillary	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
31	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
,	O
who	O
had	O
previously	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
,	O
fenoprofen	B-Chemical
calcium	I-Chemical
,	O
high	O
dose	O
salicylates	B-Chemical
and	O
gold	B-Chemical
salts	O
,	O
developed	O
renal	B-Disease
papillary	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
(	O
RPN	B-Disease
)	O
4	O
months	O
after	O
institution	O
of	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

No	O
other	O
factor	O
predisposing	O
to	O
RPN	B-Disease
could	O
be	O
discovered	O
.	O

Sulindac	B-Chemical
was	O
substituted	O
for	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
and	O
no	O
further	O
adverse	O
renal	O
effects	O
occurred	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
12	O
months	O
.	O

We	O
review	O
previous	O
reports	O
linking	O
RPN	B-Disease
to	O
antiinflammatory	O
drug	O
use	O
and	O
discuss	O
possible	O
advantages	O
of	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
experienced	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
from	O
other	O
antiinflammatory	O
agents	O
.	O

Nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
renal	O
protein	O
reabsorption	O
and	O
accumulation	O
.	O

To	O
quantify	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
,	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
and	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
on	O
renal	O
protein	O
reabsorption	O
and	O
accumulation	O
,	O
these	O
drugs	O
were	O
administered	O
to	O
rats	O
intraperitoneally	O
(	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
for	O
7	O
,	O
14	O
or	O
21	O
days	O
.	O

Scanning	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
of	O
the	O
glomerular	O
endothelia	O
,	O
urinary	O
measurements	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
,	O
potassium	B-Chemical
,	O
endogenous	O
lysozyme	O
,	O
N	O
-	O
acetyl	O
-	O
beta	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
glucosaminidase	O
(	O
NAG	O
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
clearance	O
and	O
accumulation	O
experiments	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
administration	O
of	O
egg	O
-	O
white	O
lysozyme	O
and	O
measurements	O
of	O
inulin	O
clearance	O
(	O
GFR	O
)	O
were	O
done	O
in	O
each	O
treatment	O
group	O
.	O

Gentamicin	B-Chemical
administration	O
decreased	O
diameter	O
,	O
density	O
and	O
shape	O
of	O
endothelial	O
fenestrae	O
.	O

Kanamycin	B-Chemical
and	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
appeared	O
to	O
have	O
no	O
effect	O
at	O
the	O
dose	O
used	O
.	O

All	O
three	O
aminoglycosides	B-Chemical
decreased	O
GFR	O
and	O
increased	O
urinary	O
excretion	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
.	O

While	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
and	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
decreased	O
the	O
percentage	O
reabsorption	O
and	O
accumulation	O
of	O
lysozyme	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
administration	O
of	O
egg	O
-	O
white	O
lysozyme	O
netilmicin	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
.	O

Daily	O
excretion	O
of	O
total	O
protein	O
,	O
endogenous	O
lysozyme	O
and	O
NAG	O
increased	O
only	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
aminoglycosides	B-Chemical
may	O
act	O
as	O
nephrotoxicants	O
at	O
glomerular	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
tubular	O
level	O
inducing	O
impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
reabsorption	I-Disease
and	O
accumulation	O
of	O
proteins	O
.	O

Induction	O
of	O
the	O
obstructive	B-Disease
sleep	I-Disease
apnea	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
woman	O
by	O
exogenous	O
androgen	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

We	O
documented	O
airway	O
occlusion	O
during	O
sleep	O
and	O
an	O
abnormally	O
high	O
supraglottic	O
resistance	O
while	O
awake	O
in	O
a	O
54	O
-	O
yr	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
who	O
had	O
developed	O
physical	O
changes	O
and	O
the	O
syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
obstructive	I-Disease
sleep	I-Disease
apnea	I-Disease
while	O
being	O
administered	O
exogenous	O
androgens	B-Chemical
.	O

When	O
the	O
androgens	B-Chemical
were	O
withdrawn	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
physical	O
changes	O
,	O
symptoms	O
,	O
sleep	O
study	O
,	O
and	O
supraglottic	O
resistance	O
all	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
.	O

A	O
rechallenge	O
with	O
androgen	B-Chemical
produced	O
symptoms	O
of	O
obstructive	B-Disease
sleep	I-Disease
apnea	I-Disease
that	O
abated	O
upon	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
the	O
hormone	O
.	O

Previous	O
reports	O
have	O
favored	O
a	O
role	O
of	O
androgens	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
sleep	B-Disease
apnea	I-Disease
.	O

Our	O
report	O
provides	O
direct	O
evidence	O
for	O
this	O
role	O
.	O

Structural	O
and	O
functional	O
measurements	O
indicate	O
that	O
androgens	B-Chemical
exert	O
a	O
permissive	O
or	O
necessary	O
action	O
on	O
the	O
structural	O
configuration	O
of	O
the	O
oropharynx	O
that	O
predisposes	O
to	O
obstruction	O
during	O
sleep	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
the	O
obstructive	B-Disease
sleep	I-Disease
apnea	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
must	O
be	O
considered	O
a	O
possible	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
androgen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Cardiotoxic	B-Disease
and	O
possible	O
leukemogenic	O
effects	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
in	O
nonhuman	O
primates	O
.	O

10	O
monkeys	O
(	O
macaques	O
)	O
received	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
by	O
monthly	O
intravenous	O
injections	O
at	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

8	O
of	O
the	O
10	O
monkeys	O
developed	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
at	O
an	O
average	O
cumulative	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
dose	O
(	O
310	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
)	O
well	O
below	O
that	O
considered	O
the	O
safe	O
upper	O
limit	O
(	O
550	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
)	O
in	O
man	O
.	O

Histologically	O
,	O
the	O
myocardial	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
resembled	O
those	O
found	O
in	O
human	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

1	O
of	O
the	O
10	O
monkeys	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
myeloblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
after	O
receiving	O
324	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
;	O
the	O
10th	O
monkey	O
is	O
alive	O
and	O
well	O
26	O
months	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
dose	O
of	O
drug	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
more	O
potent	O
cardiotoxin	O
in	O
monkeys	O
than	O
in	O
man	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
leukemia	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
prolonged	O
treatment	O
with	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

Tricuspid	B-Disease
valve	I-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
and	O
lithium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
newborn	O
infant	O
.	O

A	O
newborn	O
with	O
massive	O
tricuspid	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
,	O
atrial	B-Disease
flutter	I-Disease
,	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
a	O
high	O
serum	O
lithium	B-Chemical
level	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
patient	O
to	O
initially	O
manifest	O
tricuspid	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
and	O
atrial	B-Disease
flutter	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
11th	O
described	O
patient	O
with	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
among	O
infants	O
exposed	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
compounds	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
trimester	O
of	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

Sixty	O
-	O
three	O
percent	O
of	O
these	O
infants	O
had	O
tricuspid	O
valve	O
involvement	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
a	O
factor	O
in	O
the	O
increasing	O
incidence	O
of	O
congenital	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
when	O
taken	O
during	O
early	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

It	O
also	O
causes	O
neurologic	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
,	O
cyanosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
when	O
consumed	O
prior	O
to	O
delivery	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
the	O
novel	O
compound	O
aniracetam	B-Chemical
(	O
Ro	B-Chemical
13	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5057	I-Chemical
)	O
upon	O
impaired	B-Disease
learning	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
in	O
rodents	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
aniracetam	B-Chemical
(	O
Ro	B-Chemical
13	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5057	I-Chemical
,	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
anisoyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyrrolidinone	I-Chemical
)	O
was	O
studied	O
on	O
various	O
forms	O
of	O
experimentally	O
impaired	B-Disease
cognitive	I-Disease
functions	I-Disease
(	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
)	O
in	O
rodents	O
and	O
produced	O
the	O
following	O
effects	O
:	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
almost	O
complete	O
prevention	O
of	O
the	O
incapacity	O
to	O
learn	O
a	O
discrete	O
escape	O
response	O
in	O
rats	O
exposed	O
to	O
sublethal	O
hypercapnia	B-Disease
immediately	O
before	O
the	O
acquisition	O
session	O
;	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
partial	O
(	O
rats	O
)	O
or	O
complete	O
(	O
mice	O
)	O
prevention	O
of	O
the	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
amnesia	B-Disease
for	O
a	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
;	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
complete	O
protection	O
against	O
amnesia	B-Disease
for	O
a	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
in	O
rats	O
submitted	O
to	O
electroconvulsive	O
shock	O
immediately	O
after	O
avoidance	O
acquisition	O
;	O
(	O
4	O
)	O
prevention	O
of	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
retention	O
-	O
or	O
retrieval	O
-	O
deficit	O
for	O
a	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
and	O
mice	O
by	O
chloramphenicol	B-Chemical
or	O
cycloheximide	B-Chemical
administered	O
immediately	O
after	O
acquisition	O
;	O
(	O
5	O
)	O
reversal	O
,	O
when	O
administered	O
as	O
late	O
as	O
1	O
h	O
before	O
the	O
retention	O
test	O
,	O
of	O
the	O
deficit	O
in	O
retention	O
or	O
retrieval	O
of	O
a	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
induced	O
by	O
cycloheximide	B-Chemical
injected	O
2	O
days	O
previously	O
;	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
prevention	O
of	O
the	O
deficit	O
in	O
the	O
retrieval	O
of	O
an	O
active	O
avoidance	O
task	O
induced	O
in	O
mice	O
by	O
subconvulsant	O
electroshock	O
or	O
hypercapnia	B-Disease
applied	O
immediately	O
before	O
retrieval	O
testing	O
(	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
acquisition	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
improvements	O
or	O
normalizations	O
of	O
impaired	B-Disease
cognitive	I-Disease
functions	I-Disease
were	O
seen	O
at	O
oral	O
aniracetam	B-Chemical
doses	O
of	O
10	O
-	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Generally	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
curves	O
were	O
bell	O
-	O
shaped	O
.	O

The	O
mechanisms	O
underlying	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
aniracetam	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
'	O
therapeutic	O
window	O
'	O
are	O
unknown	O
.	O

Piracetam	B-Chemical
,	O
another	O
pyrrolidinone	B-Chemical
derivative	O
was	O
used	O
for	O
comparison	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
active	O
only	O
in	O
six	O
of	O
nine	O
tests	O
and	O
had	O
about	O
one	O
-	O
tenth	O
the	O
potency	O
of	O
aniracetam	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
aniracetam	B-Chemical
improves	O
cognitive	O
functions	O
which	O
are	O
impaired	O
by	O
different	O
procedure	O
and	O
in	O
different	O
phases	O
of	O
the	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
process	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
on	O
gross	O
behavioural	O
changes	O
produced	O
by	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
and	O
eserine	B-Chemical
in	O
cats	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
injected	O
into	O
the	O
cerebral	O
ventricles	O
of	O
group	O
-	O
housed	O
unanaesthetized	O
cats	O
upon	O
vocalization	O
(	O
rage	O
,	O
hissing	O
and	O
snarling	O
)	O
,	O
fighting	O
(	O
attack	O
with	O
paws	O
and	O
claws	O
,	O
defense	O
with	O
paws	O
and	O
claws	O
and	O
biting	O
)	O
,	O
mydriasis	B-Disease
,	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
clonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
tonic	I-Disease
convulsions	I-Disease
produced	O
by	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
and	O
eserine	B-Chemical
injected	O
similarly	O
was	O
investigated	O
.	O

Calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
depressed	O
or	O
almost	O
completely	O
abolished	O
the	O
vocalization	O
and	O
fighting	O
due	O
to	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
and	O
eserine	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
mydriasis	B-Disease
,	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
clonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
tonic	I-Disease
convulsions	I-Disease
evoked	O
by	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
and	O
eserine	B-Chemical
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
changed	O
by	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
.	O

It	O
is	O
apparent	O
that	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
can	O
"	O
dissociate	O
"	O
vocalization	O
and	O
fighting	O
from	O
autonomic	O
and	O
motor	O
phenomena	O
such	O
as	O
mydriasis	B-Disease
,	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
clonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
tonic	I-Disease
convulsions	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
and	O
eserine	B-Chemical
.	O

Calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
vocalization	O
and	O
fighting	O
produced	O
by	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
and	O
eserine	B-Chemical
most	O
probably	O
by	O
a	O
nonspecific	O
stabilizing	O
action	O
on	O
central	O
muscarinic	O
cholinoceptive	O
sites	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
further	O
support	O
the	O
view	O
that	O
calcium	B-Chemical
ions	O
in	O
excess	O
have	O
an	O
atropine	B-Chemical
-	O
like	O
action	O
also	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

Thiazide	B-Chemical
diuretics	O
,	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
and	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

Thiazide	B-Chemical
diuretics	O
are	O
widely	O
accepted	O
as	O
the	O
cornerstone	O
of	O
antihypertensive	O
treatment	O
programs	O
.	O

Hypokalemia	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
commonly	O
encountered	O
metabolic	O
consequence	O
of	O
chronic	O
thiazide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
treated	O
38	O
patients	O
(	O
22	O
low	O
renin	O
,	O
16	O
normal	O
renin	O
)	O
with	O
moderate	O
diastolic	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
with	O
hydrochlorothiazide	B-Chemical
(	O
HCTC	B-Chemical
)	O
administered	O
on	O
a	O
twice	O
daily	O
schedule	O
.	O

Initial	O
dose	O
was	O
50	O
mg	O
and	O
the	O
dose	O
was	O
increased	O
at	O
monthly	O
intervals	O
to	O
100	O
mg	O
,	O
150	O
mg	O
and	O
200	O
mg	O
daily	O
until	O
blood	O
pressure	O
normalized	O
.	O

The	O
serum	O
K	B-Chemical
during	O
the	O
control	O
period	O
was	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mEq	O
/	O
l	O
an	O
on	O
50	O
,	O
100	O
,	O
150	O
and	O
200	O
mg	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
daily	O
3	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
mEq	O
/	O
l	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Corresponding	O
figures	O
for	O
whole	O
body	O
K	B-Chemical
were	O
4107	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
208	O
,	O
3722	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
319	O
,	O
3628	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
257	O
,	O
3551	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
336	O
,	O
and	O
3269	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
380	O
mEq	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

In	O
13	O
patients	O
we	O
observed	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
therapy	O
(	O
100	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
PVC	O
'	O
s	O
during	O
rest	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
during	O
static	O
and	O
dynamic	O
exercise	O
.	O

During	O
rest	O
we	O
observed	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
08	O
PVC	O
beats	O
/	O
min	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SEM	O
and	O
during	O
static	O
and	O
dynamic	O
exercise	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
06	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Corresponding	O
figures	O
during	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
therapy	O
100	O
mg	O
daily	O
were	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
7	O
4	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
occurrence	O
of	O
PVC	O
'	O
s	O
correlated	O
significantly	O
with	O
the	O
fall	O
in	O
serum	O
K	B-Chemical
+	O
observed	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
72	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
thiazide	B-Chemical
diuretics	O
cause	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
and	O
depletion	O
of	O
body	O
potassium	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
more	O
profound	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
greater	O
the	O
propensity	O
for	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
PVC	O
'	O
s	O
.	O

Circulating	O
lysosomal	O
enzymes	O
and	O
acute	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
activities	O
of	O
the	O
lysosomal	O
enzymes	O
acid	O
and	O
neutral	O
protease	O
,	O
N	O
-	O
acetylglucosaminidase	O
,	O
and	O
acid	O
phosphatase	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Acid	O
protease	O
(	O
cathepsin	O
D	O
)	O
activity	O
was	O
increased	O
about	O
tenfold	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
died	O
and	O
nearly	O
fourfold	O
in	O
those	O
who	O
survived	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
activities	O
were	O
increased	O
equally	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
viral	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
whether	O
or	O
not	O
they	O
survived	O
.	O

A	O
correlation	O
was	O
found	O
between	O
serum	O
acid	O
protease	O
activity	O
and	O
prothrombin	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
cathepsin	O
D	O
activity	O
was	O
sustained	O
over	O
several	O
days	O
compared	O
with	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
,	O
which	O
showed	O
a	O
sharp	O
early	O
peak	O
and	O
then	O
a	O
fall	O
.	O

Circulating	O
lysosomal	O
proteases	O
can	O
damage	O
other	O
organs	O
,	O
and	O
measurement	O
of	O
their	O
activity	O
may	O
therefore	O
be	O
of	O
added	O
value	O
in	O
assessing	O
prognosis	O
in	O
this	O
condition	O
.	O

Hepatic	B-Disease
veno	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
occlusive	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
thioguanine	I-Chemical
.	O

Clinically	O
reversible	O
veno	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
occlusive	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
developed	O
in	O
a	O
23	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
after	O
10	O
months	O
of	O
maintenance	O
therapy	O
with	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
thioguanine	I-Chemical
.	O

Serial	O
liver	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
the	O
development	O
and	O
resolution	O
of	O
intense	O
sinusoidal	O
engorgement	O
.	O

Although	O
this	O
disease	O
was	O
clinically	O
reversible	O
,	O
some	O
subintimal	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
about	O
the	O
terminal	O
hepatic	O
veins	O
persisted	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
presented	O
a	O
unique	O
opportunity	O
to	O
observe	O
the	O
histologic	O
features	O
of	O
clinically	O
reversible	O
hepatic	B-Disease
veno	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
occlusive	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
over	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
of	O
veno	O
-	O
occlusive	O
related	O
solely	O
to	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
thioguanine	I-Chemical
.	O

Chlorpropamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
65	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
adult	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
onset	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
chlorpropamide	B-Chemical
(	O
Diabenese	B-Chemical
)	O
had	O
a	O
toxic	B-Disease
optic	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
that	O
resolved	O
with	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
chlorpropamide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Visual	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
occurs	O
in	O
diabetics	B-Disease
for	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
reasons	O
,	O
and	O
accurate	O
diagnosis	O
is	O
necessary	O
to	O
institute	O
appropriate	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
a	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
should	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
the	O
differential	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
visual	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
diabetics	B-Disease
.	O

Plasma	O
and	O
urinary	O
lipids	O
and	O
lipoproteins	O
during	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
induced	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
by	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
ascertain	O
whether	O
the	O
alterations	O
of	O
plasma	O
lipoproteins	O
found	O
in	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
were	O
due	O
to	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
per	O
se	O
,	O
or	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
part	O
,	O
to	O
the	O
aminonucleoside	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
plasma	O
and	O
urinary	O
lipoproteins	O
during	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
subsequent	O
development	O
of	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Since	O
massive	O
albuminuria	B-Disease
occurred	O
after	O
6	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
time	O
-	O
course	O
study	O
was	O
divided	O
into	O
two	O
stages	O
:	O
pre	O
-	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
stage	O
(	O
day	O
1	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
and	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
stage	O
(	O
day	O
6	O
-	O
11	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
pre	O
-	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
stage	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
fatty	B-Chemical
acids	I-Chemical
,	O
triacylglycerol	B-Chemical
and	O
VLDL	O
decreased	O
while	O
that	O
of	O
phospholipid	O
,	O
cholesteryl	B-Chemical
esters	I-Chemical
and	O
HDL	O
remained	O
constant	O
.	O

Plasma	O
apolipoprotein	O
A	O
-	O
I	O
tended	O
to	O
increase	O
(	O
40	O
%	O
increase	O
at	O
day	O
5	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
stage	O
(	O
day	O
6	O
)	O
the	O
concentration	O
of	O
plasma	O
albumin	O
dropped	O
to	O
a	O
very	O
low	O
level	O
,	O
while	O
that	O
of	O
apolipoprotein	O
A	O
-	O
I	O
increased	O
abruptly	O
(	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
increase	O
)	O
and	O
continued	O
to	O
rise	O
,	O
although	O
less	O
steeply	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
following	O
days	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
concentration	O
of	O
HDL	O
followed	O
the	O
same	O
pattern	O
.	O

Plasma	O
VLDL	O
and	O
LDL	O
increased	O
at	O
a	O
later	O
stage	O
(	O
day	O
9	O
)	O
.	O

Plasma	O
apolipoprotein	O
A	O
-	O
I	O
was	O
found	O
not	O
only	O
in	O
HDL	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
063	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
210	O
g	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
but	O
also	O
in	O
the	O
LDL	O
density	O
class	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
025	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
050	O
g	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
pre	O
-	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
stage	O
lipoproteinuria	O
was	O
negligible	O
,	O
while	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
stage	O
the	O
urinary	O
loss	O
of	O
plasma	O
lipoproteins	O
consisted	O
mainly	O
of	O
HDL	O
.	O

These	O
observations	O
indicate	O
that	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
alters	O
plasma	O
lipoproteins	O
by	O
lowering	O
VLDL	O
and	O
increasing	O
HDL	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
the	O
early	O
and	O
striking	O
increase	O
of	O
plasma	O
HDL	O
found	O
in	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
rats	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
direct	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
on	O
HDL	O
metabolism	O
.	O

Fatal	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
following	O
topical	O
administration	O
of	O
ophthalmic	O
chloramphenicol	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
73	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
died	O
of	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
less	O
than	O
two	O
months	O
after	O
undergoing	O
cataract	B-Disease
extraction	O
and	O
beginning	O
topical	O
therapy	O
with	O
chloramphenicol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
first	O
signs	O
of	O
pancytopenia	B-Disease
began	O
within	O
one	O
month	O
of	O
the	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
pattern	O
of	O
the	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
idiosyncratic	O
response	O
to	O
chloramphenicol	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
was	O
the	O
second	O
report	O
of	O
fatal	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
after	O
topical	O
treatment	O
with	O
chloramphenicol	B-Chemical
for	O
ocular	O
conditions	O
,	O
although	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
reversible	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
hypoplasia	I-Disease
have	O
also	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

Any	O
other	O
suspected	O
cases	O
of	O
ocular	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
topically	O
applied	O
chloramphenicol	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
reported	O
to	O
the	O
National	O
Registry	O
of	O
Drug	O
-	O
Induced	O
Ocular	O
Side	O
Effects	O
,	O
Oregon	O
Health	O
Sciences	O
University	O
,	O
Portland	O
,	O
OR	O
97201	O
.	O

Midazolam	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
thiopentone	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
induction	O
agent	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
premedicated	O
with	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
+	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
5	O
mg	O
nitrazepam	B-Chemical
the	O
evening	O
before	O
surgery	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
sleep	O
-	O
inducing	O
effect	O
of	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
was	O
clearly	O
slower	O
in	O
onset	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
thiopentone	B-Chemical
4	O
.	O
67	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
Somewhat	O
fewer	O
cardiovascular	O
and	O
local	O
sequelae	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
but	O
,	O
although	O
apnoea	B-Disease
occurred	O
less	O
often	O
in	O
the	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
group	O
it	O
lasted	O
longer	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
whole	O
,	O
the	O
differences	O
between	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
and	O
thiopentone	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
apparent	O
clinical	O
consequences	O
.	O

Midazolam	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
new	O
alternative	O
agent	O
for	O
induction	O
in	O
combination	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

Extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
and	O
oral	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
:	O
an	O
analysis	O
of	O
explanatory	O
patient	O
and	O
treatment	O
characteristics	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
(	O
EPS	O
)	O
was	O
evaluated	O
in	O
98	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
was	O
higher	O
at	O
higher	O
doses	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
and	O
in	O
younger	O
patients	O
.	O

Prophylactic	O
antiparkinsonian	O
medication	O
was	O
effective	O
in	O
younger	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
these	O
medications	O
were	O
more	O
effective	O
in	O
both	O
young	O
and	O
old	O
patients	O
when	O
given	O
after	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
developed	O
.	O

Akathisia	B-Disease
was	O
controlled	O
by	O
the	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
lorazepam	B-Chemical
in	O
14	O
out	O
of	O
16	O
patients	O
,	O
while	O
prophylactic	O
antiparkinsonians	O
were	O
ineffective	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
points	O
to	O
patient	O
characteristics	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
of	O
significance	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
EPS	O
due	O
to	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

Deaths	O
from	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Median	O
convulsant	O
(	O
CD50	O
)	O
and	O
median	O
lethal	O
(	O
LD50	O
)	O
doses	O
of	O
three	O
representative	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
were	O
determined	O
in	O
adult	O
mice	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
threat	O
to	O
life	O
of	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
CD50	O
and	O
LD50	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
57	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
58	O
.	O
7	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
111	O
.	O
0	O
and	O
133	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
243	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
266	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
chloroprocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

When	O
given	O
intraperitoneally	O
,	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
thus	O
was	O
only	O
about	O
twice	O
as	O
toxic	O
as	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
four	O
times	O
as	O
toxic	O
as	O
chloroprocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Convulsions	B-Disease
always	O
preceded	O
death	O
,	O
except	O
after	O
precipitous	O
cardiopulmonary	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
from	O
extreme	O
doses	O
.	O

A	O
CD50	O
dose	O
of	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
(	O
causing	O
convulsions	B-Disease
in	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
mice	O
)	O
was	O
fatal	O
in	O
90	O
%	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
57	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
chloroprocaine	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
6	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

The	O
narrow	O
gap	O
between	O
convulsant	O
and	O
lethal	O
doses	O
of	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
indicates	O
that	O
untreated	O
convulsions	B-Disease
present	O
much	O
more	O
of	O
a	O
threat	O
to	O
life	O
than	O
heretofore	O
appreciated	O
.	O

REM	B-Disease
sleep	I-Disease
deprivation	I-Disease
changes	O
behavioral	O
response	O
to	O
catecholaminergic	O
and	O
serotonergic	O
receptor	O
activation	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
REM	B-Disease
sleep	I-Disease
deprivation	I-Disease
(	O
REMD	B-Disease
)	O
on	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
and	O
quipazine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
head	B-Disease
twitches	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
were	O
determined	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
eight	O
hr	O
of	O
REMD	B-Disease
increased	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
reduced	O
(	O
immediately	O
after	O
completing	O
of	O
REMD	B-Disease
)	O
or	O
increased	O
(	O
96	O
hr	O
after	O
completing	O
of	O
REMD	B-Disease
)	O
quipazine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
head	B-Disease
twitches	I-Disease
.	O

Results	O
are	O
discussed	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
similarity	O
to	O
pharmacological	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
antidepressive	O
treatments	O
.	O

Fatal	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
-	O
-	O
lymphocyte	O
transformation	O
tests	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

Although	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
as	O
a	O
possible	O
cause	O
of	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
a	O
few	O
clinical	O
observations	O
,	O
its	O
role	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
definitely	O
established	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
fatal	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
is	O
described	O
in	O
which	O
no	O
drugs	O
other	O
than	O
allopurinol	B-Chemical
and	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
were	O
given	O
.	O

Indomethacin	B-Chemical
was	O
first	O
given	O
four	O
weeks	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
symptoms	O
.	O

A	O
positive	O
lymphocyte	O
transformation	O
test	O
with	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
in	O
vitro	O
further	O
substantiates	O
the	O
potential	O
role	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
in	O
causing	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
susceptible	O
patient	O
.	O

Fortunately	O
,	O
this	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
very	O
rare	O
complication	O
.	O

Dose	O
-	O
effect	O
and	O
structure	O
-	O
function	O
relationships	O
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
(	O
CM	B-Disease
)	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
anticancer	O
drug	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DXR	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
Adriamycin	B-Chemical
)	O
provides	O
a	O
unique	O
opportunity	O
to	O
analyze	O
dose	O
-	O
effect	O
and	O
structure	O
-	O
function	O
relationships	O
during	O
development	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
measured	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
morphologic	O
damage	O
by	O
ultrastructural	O
examination	O
of	O
endomyocardial	O
biopsy	O
and	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
performance	O
abnormally	O
by	O
right	O
heart	O
catheterization	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
DXR	B-Chemical
.	O

Morphologic	O
damage	O
was	O
variable	O
but	O
was	O
proportional	O
to	O
the	O
total	O
cumulative	O
DXR	B-Chemical
dose	O
between	O
100	O
and	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

Performance	O
abnormalities	O
correlated	O
weakly	O
with	O
dose	O
,	O
exhibited	O
a	O
curvilinear	O
relationship	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
a	O
"	O
threshold	O
"	O
for	O
expression	O
.	O

Catheterization	O
abnormalities	O
correlated	O
well	O
with	O
morphologic	O
damage	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
57	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
78	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
exercise	O
hemodynamics	O
were	O
measured	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
relationship	O
also	O
exhibited	O
a	O
curvilinear	O
,	O
threshold	O
configuration	O
.	O

In	O
DXR	B-Chemical
-	O
CM	B-Disease
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
is	O
proportional	O
to	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
cytotoxic	O
insult	O
(	O
DXR	B-Chemical
dose	O
)	O
while	O
myocardial	O
function	O
is	O
preserved	O
until	O
a	O
critical	O
dose	O
or	O
degree	O
of	O
damage	O
is	O
reached	O
,	O
after	O
which	O
myocardial	O
performance	O
deteriorates	O
rapidly	O
.	O

Massive	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
fulminant	O
hepatic	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
:	O
possible	O
role	O
of	O
cranial	O
decompression	O
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
may	O
complicate	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Response	O
to	O
conventional	O
therapy	O
has	O
been	O
disappointing	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
fatal	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
,	O
unresponsive	O
to	O
conventional	O
medical	O
therapy	O
.	O

Cranial	O
decompression	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
.	O

A	O
justification	O
of	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
further	O
evaluation	O
of	O
cranial	O
decompression	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
is	O
presented	O
.	O

Subjective	O
assessment	O
of	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
of	O
patients	O
on	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
administration	O
of	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
.	O

Various	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
male	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
received	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
on	O
a	O
longterm	O
basis	O
have	O
increased	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
and	O
decreased	O
levels	O
of	O
plasma	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
luteinizing	O
hormone	O
(	O
LH	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
links	O
between	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
administration	O
of	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
sexual	O
behavior	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
on	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
,	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
LH	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
and	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
without	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
of	O
similar	O
cardiac	O
functional	O
capacity	O
and	O
age	O
(	O
25	O
-	O
40	O
years	O
)	O
and	O
were	O
randomly	O
selected	O
from	O
the	O
rheumatic	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

A	O
subjective	O
assessment	O
of	O
sexual	O
behavior	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
and	O
control	O
groups	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
,	O
using	O
parameters	O
such	O
as	O
sexual	O
desire	O
,	O
sexual	O
excitement	O
,	O
and	O
frequency	O
of	O
sexual	O
relations	O
.	O

Personal	O
interviews	O
and	O
a	O
questionnaire	O
were	O
also	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
evaluation	O
of	O
sexual	O
behavior	O
.	O

The	O
findings	O
support	O
the	O
reports	O
concerning	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
effect	O
on	O
plasma	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
,	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
LH	O
.	O

The	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
means	O
were	O
significant	O
.	O

Tests	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
sexual	O
behavior	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
sexual	I-Disease
desire	I-Disease
,	O
sexual	O
excitement	O
phase	O
(	O
erection	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
frequency	O
of	O
sexual	O
relations	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
group	O
.	O

Endometrial	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
after	O
Hodgkin	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
childhood	O
.	O

A	O
34	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
developed	O
metastic	O
endometrial	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
after	O
Hodgkin	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
childhood	O
.	O

She	O
had	O
ovarian	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
abdominal	O
irradiation	O
and	O
chemotherapy	O
for	O
Hodgkin	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
received	O
exogenous	O
estrogens	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
treatment	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
in	O
menopausal	O
women	O
.	O

Young	O
women	O
on	O
replacement	O
estrogens	B-Chemical
for	O
ovarian	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
cancer	B-Disease
therapy	O
may	O
also	O
have	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
endometrial	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
and	O
should	O
be	O
examined	O
periodically	O
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
the	O
kidney	O
.	O

Interim	O
report	O
on	O
fifty	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
report	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
part	O
of	O
our	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
the	O
kidney	O
.	O

Creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
,	O
maximum	O
urinary	O
osmolality	O
and	O
24	O
hour	O
urine	O
volume	O
have	O
been	O
tested	O
in	O
50	O
affectively	O
ill	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
on	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
lithium	B-Chemical
for	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
year	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
have	O
been	O
compared	O
with	O
norms	O
and	O
with	O
values	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
tests	O
from	O
screening	O
prior	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
,	O
available	O
for	O
most	O
of	O
our	O
patients	O
.	O

No	O
evidence	O
was	O
found	O
for	O
any	O
reduction	O
of	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
during	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Low	O
clearance	O
values	O
found	O
in	O
several	O
patients	O
could	O
be	O
accounted	O
for	O
by	O
their	O
age	O
and	O
their	O
pre	O
-	O
lithium	B-Chemical
values	O
.	O

Urinary	O
concentration	O
defect	O
appeared	O
frequent	O
but	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
the	O
impairment	O
is	O
difficult	O
to	O
assess	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
uncertainty	O
about	O
the	O
norms	O
applicable	O
to	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
concentration	O
defect	O
appeared	O
reversible	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
part	O
.	O

Polyuria	B-Disease
above	O
3	O
litres	O
/	O
24	O
hours	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

An	O
attempt	O
is	O
made	O
to	O
draw	O
practical	O
conclusions	O
from	O
the	O
preliminary	O
findings	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
and	O
FK506	B-Chemical
:	O
inhibition	O
of	O
calcineurin	O
phosphatase	O
.	O

Cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	O
CsA	B-Chemical
;	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
Fujimycine	B-Chemical
(	O
FK506	B-Chemical
;	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
related	O
macrolide	B-Chemical
immunosuppressant	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
caused	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
,	O
degenerative	O
changes	O
of	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
epithelium	O
,	O
and	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
juxtaglomerular	O
apparatus	O
in	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
when	O
given	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
.	O

The	O
molecular	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
CsA	B-Chemical
and	O
FK506	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

Cyclophilin	O
A	O
and	O
FK506	B-Chemical
-	O
binding	O
protein	O
,	O
the	O
main	O
intracytoplasmic	O
receptors	O
for	O
CsA	B-Chemical
and	O
FK506	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
each	O
detected	O
in	O
renal	O
tissue	O
extract	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
kidney	O
,	O
high	O
levels	O
of	O
immunoreactive	O
and	O
enzymatically	O
active	O
calcineurin	O
were	O
found	O
which	O
were	O
inhibited	O
by	O
the	O
immunosuppressants	O
CsA	B-Chemical
and	O
FK506	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
by	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
specific	O
immunophilin	O
-	O
drug	O
-	O
calcineurin	O
complexes	O
formed	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
CsA	B-Chemical
and	O
FK506	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
CsA	B-Chemical
and	O
FK506	B-Chemical
is	O
likely	O
mediated	O
through	O
binding	O
to	O
renal	O
immunophilin	O
and	O
inhibiting	O
calcineurin	O
phosphatase	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
high	O
dose	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Carboplatin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
cause	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
when	O
administered	O
in	O
high	O
doses	O
to	O
adult	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
4	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
who	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
for	O
metastatic	O
parameningeal	O
embryonal	B-Disease
rhabdomyosarcoma	I-Disease
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
developed	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
slow	O
partial	O
recovery	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

Possible	O
contributing	O
factors	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Clinical	O
evaluation	O
on	O
combined	O
administration	O
of	O
oral	O
prostacyclin	B-Chemical
analogue	O
beraprost	B-Chemical
and	O
phosphodiesterase	O
inhibitor	O
cilostazol	B-Chemical
.	O

Among	O
various	O
oral	O
antiplatelets	O
,	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
a	O
novel	O
prostacyclin	B-Chemical
analogue	O
beraprost	B-Chemical
(	O
BPT	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
a	O
potent	O
phosphodiesterase	O
inhibitor	O
cilostazol	B-Chemical
(	O
CLZ	B-Chemical
)	O
may	O
result	O
in	O
untoward	O
clinical	O
effects	O
due	O
to	O
possible	O
synergistic	O
elevation	O
of	O
intracellular	O
cAMP	B-Chemical
(	O
cyclic	B-Chemical
adenosine	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
monophosphate	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Thereby	O
,	O
a	O
clinical	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
combined	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
agents	O
was	O
attempted	O
.	O

Twelve	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
were	O
assigned	O
to	O
take	O
BPT	B-Chemical
/	O
CLZ	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
following	O
schedule	O
;	O
BPT	B-Chemical
:	O
40	O
micrograms	O
at	O
day	O
1	O
and	O
120	O
micrograms	O
t	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
from	O
day	O
7	O
to	O
14	O
,	O
CLZ	B-Chemical
:	O
200	O
mg	O
t	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
from	O
day	O
3	O
to	O
14	O
.	O

At	O
various	O
time	O
intervals	O
,	O
physical	O
examination	O
and	O
blood	O
collection	O
for	O
ex	O
vivo	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
and	O
determination	O
of	O
intraplatelet	O
cAMP	B-Chemical
were	O
performed	O
.	O

Throughout	O
the	O
observation	O
period	O
,	O
no	O
significant	O
alteration	O
in	O
vital	O
signs	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Seven	O
out	O
of	O
12	O
subjects	O
experienced	O
headache	B-Disease
of	O
a	O
short	O
duration	O
accompanying	O
facial	B-Disease
flush	I-Disease
in	O
one	O
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
in	O
one	O
,	O
especially	O
after	O
ingestion	O
of	O
CLZ	B-Chemical
.	O

All	O
of	O
these	O
symptoms	O
,	O
probably	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
vasodilating	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
agents	O
,	O
were	O
of	O
mild	O
degree	O
and	O
no	O
special	O
treatment	O
was	O
required	O
.	O

Intraplatelet	O
cAMP	B-Chemical
content	O
was	O
gradually	O
but	O
significantly	O
increased	O
to	O
9	O
.	O
84	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
59	O
pmol	O
per	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
platelets	O
at	O
day	O
14	O
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
the	O
initial	O
value	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
87	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
25	O
pmol	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
platelet	O
aggregability	O
was	O
significantly	O
suppressed	O
at	O
various	O
time	O
intervals	O
but	O
no	O
additive	O
or	O
synergistic	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
by	O
the	O
combined	O
administration	O
was	O
noted	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
combined	O
administration	O
of	O
BPT	B-Chemical
/	O
CLZ	B-Chemical
is	O
safe	O
at	O
doses	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
though	O
the	O
beneficial	O
clinical	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
combined	O
administration	O
has	O
yet	O
to	O
be	O
elucidated	O
.	O

Pravastatin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
myopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Report	O
of	O
a	O
case	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
inflammatory	B-Disease
myopathy	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
pravastatin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
new	O
hydrophilic	O
3	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3	O
methylglutaril	O
coenzyme	O
A	O
reductase	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
is	O
reported	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
,	O
a	O
69	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
insulin	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
dependent	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
and	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

He	O
assumed	O
pravastatin	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
because	O
of	O
hypercholesterolemia	B-Disease
.	O

He	O
was	O
admitted	O
with	O
acute	O
myopathy	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
lower	O
limbs	O
which	O
resolved	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
after	O
pravastatin	B-Chemical
discontinuation	O
.	O

A	O
previously	O
unknown	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
,	O
probably	O
due	O
to	O
chronic	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
thyroiditis	I-Disease
,	O
was	O
evidenced	O
.	O

Muscle	O
biopsy	O
(	O
left	O
gastrocnemius	O
)	O
revealed	O
a	O
perimysial	O
and	O
endomysial	O
inflammatory	O
infiltrate	O
with	O
a	O
prevalence	O
of	O
CD4	O
+	O
lymphocytes	O
.	O

While	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
and	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
toxic	O
myopathy	B-Disease
,	O
pravastatin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
myopathy	B-Disease
could	O
represent	O
a	O
distinct	O
,	O
inflammatory	O
entity	O
.	O

Reversal	O
of	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
coma	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
by	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
peripheral	O
effect	O
.	O

Ammonia	B-Chemical
coma	B-Disease
was	O
produced	O
in	O
rats	O
within	O
10	O
to	O
15	O
minutes	O
of	O
an	O
intraperitonealinjection	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
mmol	O
NH4CL	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
coma	B-Disease
was	O
prevented	O
with	O
1	O
.	O
68	O
mmol	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
given	O
by	O
gastric	O
intubation	O
15	O
minutes	O
before	O
the	O
ammonium	B-Chemical
salt	I-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
was	O
correlated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
blood	O
and	O
brain	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
brain	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
renal	O
excretion	O
of	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
.	O

Intraventricular	O
infusion	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
sufficient	O
to	O
raise	O
the	O
brain	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
same	O
extent	O
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
the	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
coma	B-Disease
nor	O
affect	O
the	O
blood	O
and	O
brain	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
.	O

Bilateral	O
nephrectomy	O
eliminated	O
the	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
on	O
blood	O
and	O
brain	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
coma	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
prevented	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
reduction	O
in	O
blood	O
and	O
brain	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
coma	B-Disease
after	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
,	O
can	O
be	O
accounted	O
for	O
by	O
the	O
peripheral	O
effect	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
on	O
renal	O
function	O
rather	O
than	O
its	O
central	O
action	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
provide	O
a	O
reasonable	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
observed	O
in	O
some	O
encephalopathic	B-Disease
patients	O
receiving	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
.	O

Etoposide	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
occurrence	O
of	O
a	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
is	O
reported	O
after	O
chemotherapy	O
containing	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
a	O
man	O
with	O
no	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
coronary	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Possible	O
causal	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Halogenated	O
anesthetics	O
form	O
liver	O
adducts	O
and	O
antigens	O
that	O
cross	O
-	O
react	O
with	O
halothane	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
antibodies	O
.	O

Two	O
halogenated	O
anesthetics	O
,	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
and	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
,	O
have	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
allergic	O
-	O
type	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
both	O
alone	O
and	O
following	O
previous	O
exposure	O
to	O
halothane	B-Chemical
.	O

Halothane	B-Chemical
hepatitis	B-Disease
appears	O
to	O
involve	O
an	O
aberrant	O
immune	O
response	O
.	O

An	O
antibody	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
protein	O
-	O
bound	O
biotransformation	O
product	O
(	O
trifluoroacetyl	B-Chemical
adduct	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
detected	O
on	O
halothane	B-Chemical
hepatitis	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
to	O
determine	O
cross	O
-	O
reactivity	O
between	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
and	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
with	O
the	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
halothane	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
subcellular	O
and	O
lobular	O
production	O
of	O
hepatic	O
neoantigens	O
recognized	O
by	O
halothane	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
antibodies	O
following	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
and	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
biochemical	O
nature	O
of	O
these	O
neoantigens	O
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
two	O
animal	O
models	O
.	O

Enflurane	B-Chemical
administration	O
resulted	O
in	O
neoantigens	O
detected	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
microsomal	O
and	O
cytosolic	O
fraction	O
of	O
liver	O
homogenates	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
centrilobular	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
liver	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
same	O
liver	O
,	O
biochemical	O
analysis	O
detected	O
fluorinated	O
liver	O
adducts	O
that	O
were	O
up	O
to	O
20	O
-	O
fold	O
greater	O
in	O
guinea	O
pigs	O
than	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
supports	O
and	O
extends	O
previous	O
evidence	O
for	O
a	O
mechanism	O
by	O
which	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
and	O
/	O
or	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
could	O
produce	O
a	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
condition	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
halothane	B-Chemical
hepatitis	B-Disease
either	O
alone	O
or	O
subsequent	O
to	O
halothane	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

The	O
guinea	O
pig	O
would	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
model	O
for	O
further	O
investigations	O
of	O
the	O
immunological	O
response	O
to	O
these	O
antigens	O
.	O

Cholinergic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
resulting	O
from	O
ocular	O
instillation	O
of	O
echothiophate	B-Chemical
iodide	I-Chemical
eye	O
drops	O
.	O

A	O
patient	O
developed	O
a	O
severe	O
cholinergic	O
syndrome	O
from	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
echothiophate	B-Chemical
iodide	I-Chemical
ophthalmic	O
drops	O
,	O
presented	O
with	O
profound	O
muscle	B-Disease
weakness	I-Disease
and	O
was	O
initially	O
given	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
myasthenia	B-Disease
gravis	I-Disease
.	O

Red	O
blood	O
cell	O
and	O
serum	O
cholinesterase	O
levels	O
were	O
severely	O
depressed	O
and	O
symptoms	O
resolved	O
spontaneously	O
following	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
eye	O
drops	O
.	O

Seizure	B-Disease
after	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
a	O
pediatric	O
patient	O
.	O

Flumazenil	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
used	O
to	O
reverse	O
sedation	O
and	O
respiratory	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
and	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
have	O
complicated	O
its	O
use	O
in	O
adult	O
patients	O
.	O

Overdose	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
have	O
coingested	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressants	O
have	O
a	O
higher	O
risk	O
of	O
these	O
complications	O
.	O

Little	O
information	O
exists	O
concerning	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
in	O
children	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
a	O
generalized	O
tonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
pediatric	O
patient	O
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
.	O

Phase	O
I	O
trial	O
of	O
13	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
cis	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
retinoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
children	O
with	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
following	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
Treatment	O
of	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
cell	O
lines	O
with	O
13	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
cis	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
retinoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
)	O
can	O
cause	O
sustained	O
inhibition	O
of	O
proliferation	O
.	O

Since	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
has	O
demonstrated	O
clinical	O
responses	O
in	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
preventing	O
relapse	O
after	O
cytotoxic	O
therapy	O
.	O

This	O
phase	O
I	O
trial	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
maximal	O
-	O
tolerated	O
dosage	O
(	O
MTD	O
)	O
,	O
toxicities	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
pharmacokinetics	O
of	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
administered	O
on	O
an	O
intermittent	O
schedule	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
following	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
(	O
BMT	O
)	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Fifty	O
-	O
one	O
assessable	O
patients	O
,	O
2	O
to	O
12	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
,	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
oral	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
administered	O
in	O
two	O
equally	O
divided	O
doses	O
daily	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
week	O
rest	O
period	O
,	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
12	O
courses	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
was	O
escalated	O
from	O
100	O
to	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
until	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicity	B-Disease
(	O
DLT	O
)	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
intrapatient	O
dose	O
escalation	O
was	O
permitted	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
MTD	O
of	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
was	O
160	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
.	O

Dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	B-Disease
in	O
six	O
of	O
nine	O
patients	O
at	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
included	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
rash	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
anemia	B-Disease
/	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
/	O
emesis	B-Disease
/	O
rash	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
toxicities	B-Disease
resolved	O
after	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
.	O

Three	O
complete	O
responses	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
marrow	O
metastases	B-Disease
.	O

Serum	O
levels	O
of	O
7	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
mumol	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
peak	O
)	O
and	O
4	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
mumol	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
trough	O
)	O
at	O
the	O
MTD	O
were	O
maintained	O
during	O
14	O
days	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
DLT	O
correlated	O
with	O
serum	O
levels	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
10	O
mumol	O
/	O
L	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
MTD	O
of	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
given	O
on	O
this	O
intermittent	O
schedule	O
was	O
160	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
.	O

Serum	O
levels	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
effective	O
against	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
in	O
vitro	O
were	O
achieved	O
at	O
this	O
dose	O
.	O

The	O
DLT	O
included	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
predicted	O
by	O
serum	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

Monitoring	O
of	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
and	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
RA	I-Chemical
levels	O
is	O
indicated	O
in	O
future	O
trials	O
.	O

Time	O
dependence	O
of	O
plasma	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
,	O
oxypurines	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
nucleosides	B-Chemical
during	O
incomplete	O
cerebral	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Incomplete	O
cerebral	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
(	O
30	O
min	O
)	O
was	O
induced	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
by	O
bilaterally	O
clamping	O
the	O
common	O
carotid	O
arteries	O
.	O

Peripheral	O
venous	O
blood	O
samples	O
were	O
withdrawn	O
from	O
the	O
femoral	O
vein	O
four	O
times	O
(	O
once	O
every	O
5	O
min	O
)	O
before	O
ischemia	B-Disease
(	O
0	O
time	O
)	O
and	O
5	O
,	O
15	O
,	O
and	O
30	O
min	O
after	O
ischemia	B-Disease
.	O

Plasma	O
extracts	O
were	O
analyzed	O
by	O
a	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
high	O
-	O
performance	O
liquid	O
chromatographic	O
method	O
for	O
the	O
direct	O
determination	O
of	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
,	O
oxypurines	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
nucleosides	B-Chemical
.	O

During	O
ischemia	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
time	O
-	O
dependent	O
increase	O
of	O
plasma	O
oxypurines	B-Chemical
and	O
nucleosides	B-Chemical
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Plasma	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
was	O
present	O
in	O
minimal	O
amount	O
at	O
zero	O
time	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
058	O
mumol	O
/	O
liter	O
plasma	O
;	O
SD	O
0	O
.	O
015	O
)	O
,	O
increased	O
after	O
5	O
min	O
of	O
ischemia	B-Disease
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
fivefold	O
increase	O
after	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
carotid	O
occlusion	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
298	O
mumol	O
/	O
liter	O
plasma	O
;	O
SD	O
0	O
.	O
078	O
)	O
.	O

Increased	O
plasma	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
was	O
also	O
recorded	O
in	O
two	O
other	O
groups	O
of	O
animals	O
subjected	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
experimental	O
model	O
,	O
one	O
receiving	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
b	O
.	O
w	O
.	O
of	O
the	O
cyclooxygenase	O
inhibitor	O
acetylsalicylate	B-Chemical
intravenously	O
immediately	O
before	O
ischemia	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
other	O
receiving	O
650	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
b	O
.	O
w	O
.	O
of	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
drug	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
flow	O
rate	O
of	O
103	O
microliters	O
/	O
min	O
intravenously	O
during	O
ischemia	B-Disease
,	O
although	O
in	O
this	O
latter	O
group	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
determination	O
of	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
,	O
oxypurines	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
nucleosides	B-Chemical
in	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
metabolic	O
alterations	O
of	O
tissues	O
occurring	O
during	O
ischemic	B-Disease
phenomena	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Acute	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
loaded	O
cyanoacrylate	B-Chemical
nanoparticles	O
.	O

Acute	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
loaded	O
nanoparticle	O
(	O
DXNP	O
)	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
explored	O
in	O
both	O
normal	O
rats	O
and	O
rats	O
with	O
experimental	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
normal	O
rats	O
,	O
2	O
/	O
6	O
rats	O
given	O
free	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DX	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
died	O
within	O
one	O
week	O
,	O
whereas	O
all	O
control	O
animals	O
and	O
all	O
rats	O
having	O
received	O
free	O
NP	O
or	O
DXNP	O
survived	O
.	O

A	O
3	O
times	O
higher	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
appeared	O
in	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
DXNP	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
treated	O
with	O
DX	B-Chemical
.	O

Free	O
NP	O
did	O
not	O
provoke	O
any	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

Two	O
hr	O
post	O
-	O
injection	O
,	O
DXNP	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
times	O
more	O
concentrated	O
in	O
kidneys	O
than	O
free	O
DX	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
with	O
immune	O
experimental	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
,	O
5	O
/	O
6	O
rats	O
given	O
DX	B-Chemical
died	O
within	O
7	O
days	O
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
animals	O
treated	O
by	O
DXNP	O
,	O
NP	O
,	O
or	O
untreated	O
,	O
which	O
all	O
survived	O
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
appeared	O
in	O
all	O
series	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
2	O
-	O
5	O
times	O
more	O
intense	O
(	O
p	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
prolonged	O
after	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
400	O
-	O
700	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
,	O
without	O
significant	O
difference	O
between	O
DXNP	O
and	O
DX	B-Chemical
.	O

Rats	O
treated	O
by	O
unloaded	O
NP	O
behaved	O
as	O
controls	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
these	O
experimental	O
conditions	O
,	O
DXNP	O
killed	O
less	O
animals	O
than	O
free	O
DX	B-Chemical
,	O
despite	O
of	O
an	O
enhanced	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
former	O
.	O

Both	O
effects	O
(	O
better	O
survival	O
and	O
nephrosis	B-Disease
)	O
are	O
most	O
probably	O
related	O
to	O
an	O
enhanced	O
capture	O
of	O
DXNP	O
by	O
cells	O
of	O
the	O
mononuclear	O
phagocyte	O
system	O
,	O
including	O
mesangial	O
cells	O
.	O

Prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bladder	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
in	O
normal	O
,	O
conscious	O
rats	O
:	O
involvement	O
of	O
tachykinins	B-Chemical
?	O

In	O
normal	O
conscious	O
rats	O
investigated	O
by	O
continuous	O
cystometry	O
,	O
intravesically	O
instilled	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
PG	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
facilitated	O
micturition	O
and	O
increased	O
basal	O
intravesical	O
pressure	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
was	O
attenuated	O
by	O
both	O
the	O
NK1	O
receptor	O
selective	O
antagonist	O
RP	B-Chemical
67	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
580	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
NK2	O
receptor	O
selective	O
antagonist	O
SR	B-Chemical
48	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
968	I-Chemical
,	O
given	O
intra	O
-	O
arterially	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
mediated	O
by	O
stimulation	O
of	O
both	O
NK1	O
and	O
NK2	O
receptors	O
.	O

Intra	O
-	O
arterially	O
given	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
produced	O
a	O
distinct	O
increase	O
in	O
bladder	O
pressure	O
before	O
initiating	O
a	O
micturition	O
reflex	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
PG	B-Chemical
had	O
a	O
direct	O
contractant	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
detrusor	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
could	O
not	O
be	O
blocked	O
by	O
intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
RP	B-Chemical
67	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
580	I-Chemical
or	O
SR	B-Chemical
48	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
968	I-Chemical
,	O
which	O
opens	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
the	O
micturition	O
reflex	O
elicited	O
by	O
intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
was	O
mediated	O
by	O
pathways	O
other	O
than	O
the	O
reflex	O
initiated	O
when	O
the	O
PG	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
intravesically	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
results	O
thus	O
suggest	O
that	O
intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
,	O
given	O
near	O
the	O
bladder	O
,	O
may	O
initiate	O
micturition	O
in	O
the	O
normal	O
rat	O
chiefly	O
by	O
directly	O
contracting	O
the	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
of	O
the	O
detrusor	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
when	O
given	O
intravesically	O
,	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
may	O
stimulate	O
micturition	O
by	O
releasing	O
tachykinins	B-Chemical
from	O
nerves	O
in	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
immediately	O
below	O
the	O
urothelium	O
.	O

These	O
tachykinins	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
turn	O
,	O
initiate	O
a	O
micturition	O
reflex	O
by	O
stimulating	O
NK1	O
and	O
NK2	O
receptors	O
.	O

Prostanoids	B-Chemical
may	O
,	O
via	O
release	O
of	O
tachykinins	B-Chemical
,	O
contribute	O
to	O
both	O
urge	O
and	O
bladder	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
seen	O
in	O
inflammatory	O
conditions	O
of	O
the	O
lower	O
urinary	O
tract	O
.	O

Refractory	O
cardiogenic	B-Disease
shock	I-Disease
and	O
complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
after	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
SR	O
and	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

A	O
seventy	O
-	O
eight	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
presented	O
with	O
complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
and	O
refractory	O
hypotension	B-Disease
two	O
days	O
after	O
a	O
therapeutic	O
dose	O
of	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
with	O
concomitant	O
use	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
continued	O
to	O
remain	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
with	O
complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
,	O
even	O
with	O
multiple	O
uses	O
of	O
intravenous	O
atropine	B-Chemical
as	O
well	O
as	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
pressor	O
agents	O
such	O
as	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
shortly	O
after	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
intravenous	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
refractory	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
resolved	O
.	O

Protective	O
effect	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
on	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
possible	O
protective	O
effects	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
on	O
renal	O
function	O
in	O
hospitalized	O
elderly	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
five	O
hospitalized	O
elderly	O
patients	O
(	O
>	O
65	O
years	O
old	O
)	O
who	O
required	O
therapy	O
with	O
nonsteroidal	O
antiinflammatory	O
drugs	O
(	O
NSAID	O
)	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
receive	O
either	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
,	O
150	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
Group	O
A	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
150	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
plus	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
at	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
Group	O
B	O
)	O
.	O

Laboratory	O
variables	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
[	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
,	O
blood	B-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
nitrogen	I-Chemical
(	O
BUN	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
electrolytes	O
]	O
were	O
evaluated	O
before	O
initiation	O
of	O
therapy	O
and	O
every	O
2	O
days	O
,	O
until	O
termination	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
(	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
6	O
days	O
)	O
.	O

Response	O
to	O
treatment	O
was	O
estimated	O
by	O
the	O
visual	O
analog	O
scale	O
for	O
severity	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
two	O
patients	O
completed	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
22	O
in	O
Group	O
A	O
and	O
20	O
in	O
Group	O
B	O
.	O

BUN	B-Chemical
and	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
increased	O
by	O
>	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
baseline	O
levels	O
in	O
54	O
and	O
45	O
%	O
of	O
Group	O
A	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
only	O
20	O
and	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
Group	O
B	O
patients	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Potassium	B-Chemical
(	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
increment	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
mEq	O
/	O
l	O
or	O
more	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
Group	O
A	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
only	O
15	O
%	O
of	O
Group	O
B	O
patients	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
increments	O
in	O
BUN	B-Chemical
,	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
K	B-Chemical
were	O
reduced	O
by	O
63	O
,	O
80	O
,	O
and	O
42	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
Group	O
B	O
patients	O
compared	O
to	O
Group	O
A	O
.	O
Response	O
to	O
treatment	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
between	O
the	O
2	O
groups	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Hospitalized	O
elderly	O
patients	O
are	O
at	O
risk	O
for	O
developing	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
related	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Addition	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
can	O
minimize	O
this	O
renal	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
without	O
affecting	O
pain	B-Disease
control	O
.	O

Cognitive	B-Disease
deterioration	I-Disease
from	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
abuse	O
of	O
dextromethorphan	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

Dextromethorphan	B-Chemical
(	O
DM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
the	O
dextrorotatory	O
isomer	O
of	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylmorphinan	I-Chemical
,	O
is	O
the	O
main	O
ingredient	O
in	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
widely	O
available	O
,	O
over	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
counter	O
antitussives	O
.	O

Initial	O
studies	O
(	O
Bornstein	O
1968	O
)	O
showed	O
that	O
it	O
possessed	O
no	O
respiratory	O
suppressant	O
effects	O
and	O
no	O
addiction	O
liability	O
.	O

Subsequently	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
several	O
articles	O
reporting	O
abuse	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
have	O
appeared	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

The	O
drug	O
is	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
acute	O
toxic	O
effects	O
,	O
ranging	O
from	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
restlessness	B-Disease
,	O
insomnia	B-Disease
,	O
ataxia	B-Disease
,	O
slurred	O
speech	O
and	O
nystagmus	B-Disease
to	O
mood	O
changes	O
,	O
perceptual	O
alterations	O
,	O
inattention	O
,	O
disorientation	O
and	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
(	O
Rammer	O
et	O
al	O
1988	O
;	O
Katona	O
and	O
Watson	O
1986	O
;	O
Isbell	O
and	O
Fraser	O
1953	O
;	O
Devlin	O
et	O
al	O
1985	O
;	O
McCarthy	O
1971	O
;	O
Dodds	O
and	O
Revai	O
1967	O
;	O
Degkwitz	O
1964	O
;	O
Hildebrand	O
et	O
al	O
1989	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
have	O
also	O
been	O
two	O
reported	O
fatalities	O
from	O
DM	B-Chemical
overdoses	O
(	O
Fleming	O
1986	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
reports	O
describing	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
chronic	O
abuse	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
describes	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deterioration	I-Disease
resulting	O
from	O
prolonged	O
use	O
of	O
DM	B-Chemical
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
on	O
myocardial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
supply	O
and	O
demand	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
hemodynamic	O
,	O
volumetric	O
,	O
and	O
metabolic	O
study	O
in	O
patients	O
without	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
digitalis	B-Chemical
glycosides	I-Chemical
on	O
myocardial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
supply	O
and	O
demand	O
are	O
of	O
particular	O
interest	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
obstructive	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
measured	O
previously	O
in	O
man	O
.	O

We	O
assessed	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
015	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
on	O
hemodynamic	O
,	O
volumetric	O
,	O
and	O
metabolic	O
parameters	O
in	O
11	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
chronic	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
without	O
clinical	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Because	O
the	O
protocol	O
was	O
long	O
and	O
involved	O
interventions	O
which	O
might	O
affect	O
the	O
determinations	O
,	O
we	O
also	O
studied	O
in	O
nine	O
patients	O
using	O
an	O
identical	O
protocol	O
except	O
that	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
administration	O
was	O
omitted	O
.	O

Left	O
ventricular	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
and	O
left	O
ventricular	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
volume	O
fell	O
in	O
each	O
patient	O
given	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
,	O
even	O
though	O
they	O
were	O
initially	O
elevated	O
in	O
only	O
two	O
patients	O
.	O

Left	O
ventricular	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
fell	O
from	O
11	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
mm	O
Hg	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
left	O
ventricular	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
volume	O
fell	O
from	O
100	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
to	O
82	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
ml	O
/	O
m2	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
1	O
h	O
after	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
infusion	O
was	O
completed	O
.	O

The	O
maximum	O
velocity	O
of	O
contractile	O
element	O
shortening	O
increased	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
68	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
11	O
ml	O
/	O
s	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
18	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
21	O
muscle	O
-	O
lengths	O
/	O
s	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
is	O
consistent	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
contractility	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
change	O
in	O
these	O
parameters	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
patients	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
change	O
in	O
myocardial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
occurred	O
after	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
administration	O
but	O
this	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
greater	O
decrease	O
in	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
in	O
the	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
patients	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
are	O
not	O
in	O
clinical	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
end	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
diastolic	I-Disease
volume	I-Disease
falls	I-Disease
after	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
administration	O
even	O
when	O
it	O
is	O
initially	O
normal	O
.	O

Though	O
this	O
fall	O
would	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
wall	O
tension	O
,	O
and	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
of	O
myocardial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
of	O
sufficient	O
magnitude	O
to	O
prevent	O
a	O
net	O
increase	O
in	O
myocardial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
.	O

Nevertheless	O
,	O
compensatory	O
mechanisms	O
prevent	O
a	O
deterioration	O
of	O
resting	O
myocardial	O
metabolism	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
perfusion	O
-	O
cultured	O
human	O
eyes	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
Glucocorticoid	O
administration	O
can	O
lead	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
and	O
corticosteroid	B-Disease
glaucoma	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
the	O
population	O
through	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
aqueous	O
humor	O
outflow	O
facility	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
glucocorticoid	O
treatment	O
can	O
directly	O
affect	O
the	O
outflow	O
facility	O
of	O
isolated	O
,	O
perfusion	O
-	O
cultured	O
human	O
eyes	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
anterior	O
segments	O
of	O
human	O
donor	O
eyes	O
from	O
regional	O
eye	O
banks	O
were	O
placed	O
in	O
a	O
constant	O
flow	O
,	O
variable	O
pressure	O
perfusion	O
culture	O
system	O
.	O

Paired	O
eyes	O
were	O
perfused	O
in	O
serum	O
-	O
free	O
media	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
7	O
)	O
M	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
for	O
12	O
days	O
.	O

Intraocular	O
pressure	O
was	O
monitored	O
daily	O
.	O

After	O
incubation	O
,	O
the	O
eyes	O
were	O
morphologically	O
characterized	O
by	O
light	O
microscopy	O
,	O
transmission	O
and	O
scanning	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
,	O
and	O
scanning	O
laser	O
confocal	O
microscopy	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
developed	O
in	O
13	O
of	O
the	O
44	O
pairs	O
of	O
eyes	O
perfused	O
with	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
with	O
an	O
average	O
pressure	O
rise	O
of	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
mm	O
Hg	O
after	O
12	O
days	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

The	O
contralateral	O
control	O
eyes	O
,	O
which	O
did	O
not	O
receive	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
,	O
maintained	O
a	O
stable	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
during	O
the	O
same	O
period	O
.	O

The	O
outflow	O
pathway	O
of	O
the	O
untreated	O
eyes	O
appeared	O
morphologically	O
normal	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
eyes	I-Disease
had	O
thickened	O
trabecular	O
beams	O
,	O
decreased	O
intertrabecular	O
spaces	O
,	O
thickened	O
juxtacanalicular	O
tissue	O
,	O
activated	O
trabecular	O
meshwork	O
cells	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
amounts	O
of	O
amorphogranular	O
extracellular	O
material	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
the	O
juxtacanalicular	O
tissue	O
and	O
beneath	O
the	O
endothelial	O
lining	O
of	O
the	O
canal	O
of	O
Schlemm	O
.	O

The	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
nonresponder	O
eyes	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
morphologically	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
untreated	O
eyes	O
,	O
although	O
several	O
subtle	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
morphologic	O
changes	O
were	O
evident	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
of	O
isolated	O
,	O
perfusion	O
-	O
cultured	O
human	O
eyes	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
generation	O
of	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
approximately	O
30	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
eyes	O
.	O

Steroid	B-Chemical
treatment	O
resulted	O
in	O
morphologic	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
trabecular	O
meshwork	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
reported	O
for	O
corticosteroid	B-Disease
glaucoma	I-Disease
and	O
open	B-Disease
angle	I-Disease
glaucoma	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
system	O
may	O
provide	O
an	O
acute	O
model	O
in	O
which	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
pathogenic	O
mechanisms	O
involved	O
in	O
steroid	B-Disease
glaucoma	I-Disease
and	O
primary	B-Disease
open	I-Disease
angle	I-Disease
glaucoma	I-Disease
.	O

Auditory	O
disturbance	O
associated	O
with	O
interscalene	O
brachial	O
plexus	O
block	O
.	O

We	O
performed	O
an	O
audiometric	O
study	O
in	O
20	O
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
surgery	O
of	O
the	O
shoulder	O
region	O
under	O
an	O
interscalene	O
brachial	O
plexus	O
block	O
(	O
IBPB	O
)	O
.	O

Bupivacaine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
75	O
%	O
with	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
24	O
-	O
hr	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
%	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Three	O
audiometric	O
threshold	O
measurements	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
-	O
18	O
kHz	O
)	O
were	O
made	O
:	O
the	O
first	O
before	O
IBPB	O
,	O
the	O
second	O
2	O
-	O
6	O
h	O
after	O
surgery	O
and	O
the	O
third	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
after	O
operation	O
.	O

In	O
four	O
patients	O
hearing	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
on	O
the	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
block	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
after	O
operation	O
,	O
in	O
three	O
measurements	O
on	O
the	O
day	O
of	O
surgery	O
and	O
in	O
one	O
on	O
the	O
following	O
day	O
.	O

The	O
frequencies	O
at	O
which	O
the	O
impairment	O
occurred	O
varied	O
between	O
patients	O
;	O
in	O
one	O
only	O
low	O
frequencies	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
kHz	O
)	O
were	O
involved	O
.	O

The	O
maximum	O
change	O
in	O
threshold	O
was	O
35	O
dB	O
at	O
6	O
kHz	O
measured	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
patient	O
had	O
hearing	O
threshold	O
changes	O
(	O
15	O
-	O
20	O
dB	O
)	O
at	O
6	O
-	O
10	O
kHz	O
on	O
the	O
opposite	O
side	O
also	O
.	O

IBPB	O
may	O
cause	O
transient	O
auditory	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
ipsilateral	O
ear	O
,	O
possibly	O
via	O
an	O
effect	O
on	O
sympathetic	O
innervation	O
.	O

The	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
combination	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
butyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
deoxynojirimycin	I-Chemical
(	O
SC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
48334	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
1	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
and	O
200	O
-	O
500	O
CD4	O
cells	O
/	O
mm3	O
.	O

We	O
conducted	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
randomized	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
activity	O
of	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
butyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
deoxynojirimycin	I-Chemical
(	O
SC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
48334	I-Chemical
)	O
(	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
glucosidase	O
I	O
inhibitor	O
)	O
and	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
versus	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
200	O
to	O
500	O
CD4	O
cells	O
/	O
mm3	O
who	O
tolerated	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
12	O
weeks	O
of	O
prior	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
received	O
SC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
48334	I-Chemical
(	O
1000	O
mg	O
every	O
8	O
h	O
)	O
and	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
every	O
8	O
h	O
)	O
or	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
.	O

Sixty	O
patients	O
received	O
combination	O
therapy	O
and	O
58	O
,	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
three	O
patients	O
(	O
38	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
15	O
(	O
26	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
combination	O
and	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
groups	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
discontinued	O
therapy	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
SC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
48334	I-Chemical
steady	O
-	O
state	O
trough	O
level	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
04	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
99	O
micrograms	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
was	O
below	O
the	O
in	O
vitro	O
inhibitory	O
concentration	O
for	O
human	O
immunodeficiency	B-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HIV	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
increase	O
in	O
CD4	O
cells	O
at	O
week	O
4	O
was	O
73	O
.	O
8	O
cells	O
/	O
mm3	O
and	O
52	O
.	O
4	O
cells	O
/	O
mm3	O
for	O
the	O
combination	O
and	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
groups	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
p	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
36	O
)	O
.	O

For	O
patients	O
with	O
prior	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
change	O
in	O
CD4	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
combination	O
and	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
groups	O
was	O
63	O
.	O
7	O
cells	O
/	O
mm3	O
and	O
4	O
.	O
9	O
cells	O
/	O
mm3	O
at	O
week	O
8	O
and	O
6	O
.	O
8	O
cells	O
/	O
mm3	O
and	O
-	O
45	O
.	O
1	O
cells	O
/	O
mm3	O
at	O
week	O
16	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
suppression	O
of	O
HIV	O
p24	O
antigenemia	O
in	O
the	O
combination	O
and	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
groups	O
was	O
six	O
(	O
40	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
two	O
(	O
11	O
%	O
)	O
at	O
week	O
4	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
10	O
)	O
and	O
five	O
(	O
45	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
two	O
(	O
14	O
%	O
)	O
at	O
week	O
24	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
08	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Diarrhea	B-Disease
,	O
flatulence	B-Disease
,	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
were	O
common	O
for	O
combination	O
recipients	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Prolonged	O
paralysis	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
nondepolarizing	B-Chemical
neuromuscular	I-Chemical
blocking	I-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
and	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
nondepolarizing	B-Chemical
neuromuscular	I-Chemical
blocking	I-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
(	O
ND	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NMBA	I-Chemical
)	O
has	O
recently	O
been	O
implicated	O
as	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
prolonged	O
muscle	B-Disease
weakness	I-Disease
,	O
although	O
the	O
site	O
of	O
the	O
lesion	O
and	O
the	O
predisposing	O
factors	O
have	O
been	O
unclear	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
3	O
patients	O
(	O
age	O
37	O
-	O
52	O
years	O
)	O
with	O
acute	O
respiratory	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
prolonged	O
weakness	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
ND	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NMBAs	I-Chemical
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
also	O
received	O
intravenous	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
.	O

Renal	O
function	O
was	O
normal	O
but	O
hepatic	O
function	O
was	O
impaired	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
had	O
acidosis	B-Disease
.	O

Electrophysiologic	O
studies	O
revealed	O
low	O
amplitude	O
compound	O
motor	O
action	O
potentials	O
,	O
normal	O
sensory	O
studies	O
,	O
and	O
fibrillations	O
.	O

Repetitive	O
stimulation	O
at	O
2	O
Hz	O
showed	O
a	O
decremental	O
response	O
in	O
2	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
serum	O
vecuronium	B-Chemical
level	O
measured	O
in	O
1	O
patient	O
14	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
drug	O
had	O
been	O
discontinued	O
was	O
172	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
.	O

A	O
muscle	O
biopsy	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
showed	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
thick	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
myosin	I-Disease
filaments	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
weakness	B-Disease
in	O
these	O
patients	O
is	O
due	O
to	O
pathology	B-Disease
at	I-Disease
both	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
neuromuscular	I-Disease
junction	I-Disease
(	O
most	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
ND	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NMBA	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
muscle	O
(	O
most	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Hepatic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
acidosis	B-Disease
are	O
contributing	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Failure	O
of	O
ancrod	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arterial	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
associated	O
with	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
remain	O
high	O
despite	O
numerous	O
empirical	O
therapies	O
.	O

Ancrod	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
successfully	O
for	O
prophylaxis	O
against	O
development	O
of	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
heparin	B-Chemical
induced	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
who	O
require	O
brief	O
reexposure	O
to	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
its	O
success	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
developed	O
the	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
syndrome	O
is	O
not	O
well	O
defined	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
failure	O
of	O
ancrod	O
treatment	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
.	O

Water	B-Disease
intoxication	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
administration	O
during	O
saline	O
-	O
induced	O
abortion	B-Disease
.	O

Four	O
cases	O
of	O
water	B-Disease
intoxication	I-Disease
in	O
connection	O
with	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
administration	O
during	O
saline	O
-	O
induced	O
abortions	B-Disease
are	O
described	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
water	B-Disease
intoxication	I-Disease
is	O
discussed	O
in	O
regard	O
to	O
these	O
cases	O
.	O

Oxytocin	B-Chemical
administration	O
during	O
midtrimester	O
-	O
induced	O
abortions	B-Disease
is	O
advocated	O
only	O
if	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
carried	O
out	O
under	O
careful	O
observations	O
of	O
an	O
alert	O
nursing	O
staff	O
,	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
symptoms	O
of	O
water	B-Disease
intoxication	I-Disease
and	O
instructed	O
to	O
watch	O
the	O
diuresis	O
and	O
report	O
such	O
early	O
signs	O
of	O
the	O
syndrome	O
as	O
asthenia	B-Disease
,	O
muscular	O
irritability	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
headaches	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
given	O
only	O
in	O
Ringers	O
lactate	B-Chemical
or	O
,	O
alternately	O
,	O
in	O
Ringers	O
lactate	B-Chemical
and	O
a	O
5	O
per	O
cent	O
dextrose	B-Chemical
and	O
water	O
solutions	O
.	O

The	O
urinary	O
output	O
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
and	O
the	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
administration	O
discontinued	O
and	O
the	O
serum	O
electrolytes	O
checked	O
if	O
the	O
urinary	O
output	O
decreases	O
.	O

The	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
should	O
not	O
be	O
administered	O
in	O
excess	O
of	O
36	O
hours	O
.	O

If	O
the	O
patient	O
has	O
not	O
aborted	O
by	O
then	O
the	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
discontinued	O
for	O
10	O
to	O
12	O
hours	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
perform	O
electrolyte	O
determinations	O
and	O
correct	O
any	O
electrolyte	O
imbalance	O
.	O

Light	O
chain	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
cellular	O
mediated	O
immunity	O
in	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
treated	O
patients	O
with	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
.	O

Light	O
chain	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
9	O
of	O
17	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
.	O

Concomitant	O
assay	O
of	O
cellular	O
mediated	O
immunity	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
using	O
skin	O
test	O
antigen	O
and	O
a	O
lymphokine	O
in	O
vitro	O
test	O
provided	O
results	O
that	O
were	O
different	O
.	O

Response	O
to	O
Varidase	O
skin	O
test	O
antigen	O
was	O
negative	O
for	O
all	O
eight	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
patients	O
tested	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
occurred	O
a	O
hyper	O
-	O
responsiveness	O
of	O
the	O
lymphocytes	O
of	O
these	O
eight	O
patients	O
to	O
phytomitogen	O
(	O
PHA	O
-	O
P	O
)	O
.	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
of	O
those	O
of	O
seven	O
other	O
tuberculous	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

This	O
last	O
finding	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
time	O
of	O
testing	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
endogenous	O
serum	O
binding	O
of	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
which	O
could	O
have	O
inhibited	O
mitogen	O
activity	O
for	O
the	O
lymphocyte	O
.	O

KF17837	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
novel	O
selective	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A2A	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
with	O
anticataleptic	O
activity	O
.	O

KF17837	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
novel	O
selective	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A2A	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
.	O

Oral	O
administration	O
of	O
KF17837	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
10	O
.	O
0	O
and	O
30	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
significantly	O
ameliorated	O
the	O
cataleptic	B-Disease
responses	O
induced	O
by	O
intracerebroventricular	O
administration	O
of	O
an	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A2A	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
CGS	B-Chemical
21680	I-Chemical
(	O
10	O
micrograms	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

KF17837	B-Chemical
also	O
reduced	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
by	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
anticataleptic	O
effects	O
were	O
exhibited	O
dose	O
dependently	O
at	O
doses	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
625	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
KF17837	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
625	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
potentiated	O
the	O
anticataleptic	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
subthreshold	O
dose	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxyphenylalanine	I-Chemical
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
;	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
plus	O
benserazide	B-Chemical
(	O
6	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggested	O
that	O
KF17837	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
centrally	O
active	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A2A	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
dopaminergic	O
function	O
of	O
the	O
nigrostriatal	O
pathway	O
is	O
potentiated	O
by	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A2A	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
KF17837	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
drug	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
nondopaminergic	O
drugs	O
on	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
monkeys	O
.	O

A	O
group	O
of	O
four	O
monkeys	O
was	O
rendered	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
with	O
the	O
toxin	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
.	O

They	O
were	O
then	O
treated	O
chronically	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
benserazide	I-Chemical
50	O
/	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
given	O
orally	O
daily	O
for	O
2	O
months	O
.	O

This	O
dose	O
produced	O
a	O
striking	O
antiparkinsonian	O
effect	O
,	O
but	O
all	O
animals	O
manifested	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
series	O
of	O
agents	O
acting	O
primarily	O
on	O
neurotransmitters	O
other	O
than	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
were	O
then	O
tested	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
to	O
see	O
if	O
the	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
movements	O
would	O
be	O
modified	O
.	O

Several	O
drugs	O
,	O
including	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
physostigmine	B-Chemical
,	O
methysergide	B-Chemical
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
MDOT	I-Chemical
,	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
,	O
markedly	O
reduced	O
the	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
movements	O
but	O
at	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
a	O
return	O
of	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
symptomatology	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
and	O
meperidine	B-Chemical
reduced	O
predominantly	O
the	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
movements	O
.	O

Baclofen	B-Chemical
was	O
also	O
useful	O
in	O
one	O
monkey	O
against	O
a	O
more	O
dystonic	B-Disease
form	O
of	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
.	O

Atropine	B-Chemical
converted	O
the	O
dystonic	B-Disease
movements	O
into	O
chorea	B-Disease
.	O

Hallucinations	B-Disease
and	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Hallucinations	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
symptom	O
of	O
central	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
are	O
a	O
known	O
but	O
poorly	O
described	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Most	O
cases	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
with	O
other	O
mental	O
status	O
changes	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
authors	O
interviewed	O
six	O
persons	O
with	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
clear	O
sensorium	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
receiving	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
as	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplant	O
procedure	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Hallucinations	B-Disease
occurred	O
only	O
when	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
eyes	O
were	O
closed	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
all	O
but	O
one	O
case	O
,	O
were	O
reported	O
as	O
disturbing	O
or	O
frightening	O
.	O

Underreporting	O
of	O
these	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
by	O
patients	O
is	O
likely	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Hallucinations	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
the	O
sole	O
or	O
first	O
manifestation	O
of	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
may	O
be	O
dose	O
and	O
infusion	O
-	O
time	O
related	O
.	O

The	O
clinician	O
should	O
be	O
alerted	O
for	O
possible	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
may	O
occur	O
without	O
other	O
signs	O
of	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

"	O
Eyes	O
-	O
closed	O
"	O
hallucinatory	B-Disease
experiences	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
unusual	O
feature	O
of	O
this	O
presentation	O
.	O

Patients	O
anxious	O
about	O
this	O
experience	O
respond	O
well	O
to	O
support	O
and	O
education	O
about	O
this	O
occurrence	O
.	O

Optimal	O
pharmacologic	O
management	O
of	O
disturbed	O
patients	O
is	O
unclear	O
.	O

If	O
agitation	B-Disease
becomes	O
marked	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
potency	O
neuroleptics	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
)	O
may	O
be	O
effective	O
.	O

Photodistributed	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
facial	O
telangiectasia	B-Disease
.	O

Five	O
months	O
after	O
starting	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
(	O
Adalat	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
two	O
patients	O
developed	O
photodistributed	O
facial	O
telangiectasia	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
became	O
more	O
noticeable	O
with	O
time	O
.	O

Neither	O
patient	O
complained	O
of	O
photosensitivity	O
or	O
flushing	B-Disease
.	O

Both	O
patients	O
reported	O
a	O
significant	O
cosmetic	O
improvement	O
after	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

One	O
commenced	O
the	O
closely	O
related	O
drug	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
3	O
years	O
later	O
,	O
with	O
recurrence	O
of	O
telangiectasia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
photodistribution	O
of	O
the	O
telangiectasia	B-Disease
suggests	O
a	O
significant	O
drug	O
/	O
light	O
interaction	O
.	O

Penicillamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rapidly	O
progressive	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
67	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
presented	O
rapidly	O
progressive	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
(	O
RPGN	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
5	O
months	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
(	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
treatment	O
.	O

Light	O
microscopy	O
study	O
showed	O
severe	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
with	O
crescent	O
formation	O
in	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
glomeruli	O
and	O
infiltration	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
wall	O
of	O
an	O
arteriole	O
.	O

Immunofluorescence	O
revealed	O
scanty	O
granular	O
IgG	O
,	O
IgA	O
and	O
C3	O
deposits	O
along	O
the	O
capillary	O
walls	O
and	O
mesangium	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
steroid	B-Chemical
pulse	O
,	O
plasmapheresis	O
,	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
and	O
antiplatelet	B-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
.	O

A	O
complete	O
recovery	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
was	O
achieved	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
weeks	O
.	O

This	O
new	O
case	O
of	O
RPGN	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
treatment	O
emphasizes	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
frequent	O
monitoring	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
and	O
evaluation	O
of	O
urinary	O
sediment	O
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
prompt	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
and	O
vigorous	O
treatment	O
measures	O
could	O
allow	O
for	O
a	O
good	O
prognosis	O
as	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
polymyositis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
primary	B-Disease
biliary	I-Disease
cirrhosis	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
has	O
been	O
used	O
for	O
many	O
rheumatologic	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
,	O
toxicity	B-Disease
limits	O
its	O
usefulness	O
in	O
many	O
patients	O
.	O

Polymyositis	B-Disease
/	O
dermatomyositis	B-Disease
can	O
develop	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
autoimmune	O
complications	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
exact	O
pathogenesis	O
remains	O
unclear	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
primary	B-Disease
biliary	I-Disease
cirrhosis	I-Disease
,	O
who	O
developed	O
polymyositis	B-Disease
while	O
receiving	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
described	O
the	O
special	O
clinical	O
course	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Patients	O
receiving	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
therapy	O
should	O
be	O
followed	O
carefully	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
autoimmune	O
complications	O
like	O
polymyositis	B-Disease
/	O
dermatomyositis	B-Disease
.	O

Hyperalgesia	B-Disease
and	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
in	O
terminal	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
continuous	O
intravenous	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Eight	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
in	O
the	O
terminal	O
stages	O
of	O
the	O
disease	O
treated	O
with	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
intravenous	O
morphine	B-Chemical
developed	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
.	O

All	O
cases	O
were	O
retrospectively	O
sampled	O
from	O
three	O
different	O
hospitals	O
in	O
Copenhagen	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
developed	O
universal	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
and	O
hyperesthesia	B-Disease
which	O
in	O
2	O
cases	O
were	O
accompanied	O
by	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
3	O
patients	O
a	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
neuralgia	B-Disease
increased	O
to	O
excruciating	O
intensity	O
and	O
in	O
2	O
of	O
these	O
cases	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
occurred	O
simultaneously	O
.	O

Although	O
only	O
few	O
clinical	O
descriptions	O
of	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
/	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
and	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
are	O
available	O
,	O
experimental	O
support	O
from	O
animal	O
studies	O
indicates	O
that	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
its	O
metabolites	O
,	O
plays	O
a	O
causative	O
role	O
for	O
the	O
observed	O
behavioural	O
syndrome	O
.	O

The	O
possible	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
discussed	O
and	O
treatment	O
proposals	O
given	O
suggesting	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
more	O
efficacious	O
opioids	O
with	O
less	O
excitatory	O
potency	O
in	O
these	O
situations	O
.	O

Liposomal	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
in	O
advanced	O
Kaposi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
sarcoma	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
randomized	O
Phase	O
II	O
clinical	O
trial	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
liposomal	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DaunoXome	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
AIDS	B-Disease
related	O
Kaposi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
sarcoma	I-Disease
.	O

Eleven	O
homosexual	O
men	O
with	O
advanced	O
Kaposi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
sarcoma	I-Disease
were	O
entered	O
in	O
the	O
trial	O
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
size	O
,	O
colour	O
and	O
associated	O
oedema	B-Disease
of	O
selected	O
'	O
target	O
'	O
lesions	O
were	O
measured	O
.	O

Clinical	O
,	O
biochemical	O
and	O
haematological	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

Ten	O
subjects	O
were	O
evaluated	O
.	O

A	O
partial	O
response	O
was	O
achieved	O
in	O
four	O
,	O
of	O
whom	O
two	O
subsequently	O
relapsed	O
.	O

Stabilization	O
of	O
Kaposi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
sarcoma	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
remaining	O
six	O
,	O
maintained	O
until	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
trial	O
period	O
in	O
four	O
.	O

The	O
drug	O
was	O
generally	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
with	O
few	O
mild	O
symptoms	O
of	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
main	O
problem	O
encountered	O
was	O
haematological	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
three	O
subjects	O
experiencing	O
severe	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
(	O
neutrophil	O
count	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
/	O
l	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
small	O
patient	O
sample	O
,	O
liposomal	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
was	O
an	O
effective	O
and	O
well	O
tolerated	O
agent	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
Kaposi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
sarcoma	I-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
effects	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
peripheral	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

Forty	O
patients	O
with	O
Non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Hodgkin	I-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Lymphoma	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
between	O
1984	O
and	O
1990	O
(	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
12	O
mg	O
in	O
18	O
-	O
24	O
weeks	O
)	O
were	O
investigated	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
long	O
term	O
effects	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
peripheral	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
were	O
interviewed	O
with	O
emphasis	O
on	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

Physical	O
and	O
quantitative	O
sensory	O
examination	O
with	O
determination	O
of	O
vibratory	O
perception	O
and	O
thermal	O
discrimination	O
thresholds	O
were	O
performed	O
,	O
four	O
to	O
77	O
months	O
(	O
median	O
34	O
months	O
)	O
after	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
seven	O
patients	O
reported	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
13	O
of	O
these	O
27	O
patients	O
symptoms	O
were	O
still	O
present	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
examination	O
.	O

In	O
these	O
patients	O
sensory	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
predominated	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
other	O
14	O
patients	O
symptoms	O
had	O
been	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
.	O

Symptoms	O
persisted	O
maximally	O
40	O
months	O
since	O
cessation	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
age	O
difference	O
between	O
patients	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
complaints	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
examination	O
.	O

Normal	O
reflexes	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
two	O
third	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Neuropathic	O
complaints	O
were	O
not	O
very	O
troublesome	O
on	O
the	O
long	O
term	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
with	O
the	O
above	O
mentioned	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
dose	O
schedule	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
neuropathy	B-Disease
are	O
reversible	O
for	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
and	O
prognosis	O
is	O
fairly	O
good	O
.	O

Hepatic	O
adenomas	B-Disease
and	O
focal	B-Disease
nodular	I-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
liver	O
in	O
young	O
women	O
on	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
:	O
case	O
reports	O
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
hepatic	O
adenoma	B-Disease
and	O
one	O
of	O
focal	B-Disease
nodular	I-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
presumably	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
,	O
are	O
reported	O
.	O

Special	O
reference	O
is	O
made	O
to	O
their	O
clinical	O
presentation	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
totally	O
asymptomatic	O
.	O

Liver	O
-	O
function	O
tests	O
are	O
of	O
little	O
diagnostic	O
value	O
,	O
but	O
valuable	O
information	O
may	O
be	O
obtained	O
from	O
both	O
liver	O
scanning	O
and	O
hepatic	O
angiography	O
.	O

Histologic	O
differences	O
and	O
clinical	O
similarities	O
between	O
hepatic	O
adenoma	B-Disease
and	O
focal	B-Disease
nodular	I-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
liver	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Loss	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
decarboxylase	O
mRNA	O
-	O
containing	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
following	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
situ	O
hybridization	O
methods	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
glutamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
decarboxylase	O
(	O
GAD	O
)	O
mRNA	O
-	O
containing	O
neurons	O
within	O
the	O
hilus	O
of	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
are	O
vulnerable	O
to	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
damage	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
chronic	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
injected	O
intraperitoneally	O
with	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
hippocampal	O
formation	O
was	O
studied	O
histologically	O
at	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
and	O
8	O
week	O
intervals	O
after	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
situ	O
hybridization	O
histochemistry	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
digoxigenin	B-Chemical
-	O
labeled	O
GAD	O
cRNA	O
probe	O
,	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
substantial	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
GAD	O
mRNA	O
-	O
containing	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
hilus	O
of	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
in	O
the	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
at	O
all	O
time	O
intervals	O
.	O

Additional	O
neuronanatomical	O
studies	O
,	O
including	O
cresyl	B-Chemical
violet	I-Chemical
staining	O
,	O
neuronal	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
methods	O
,	O
and	O
histochemical	O
localization	O
of	O
glial	O
fibrillary	O
acidic	O
protein	O
,	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
GAD	O
mRNA	O
-	O
containing	O
neurons	O
was	O
related	O
to	O
neuronal	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
rather	O
than	O
to	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
GAD	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
.	O

The	O
loss	O
of	O
GAD	O
mRNA	O
-	O
containing	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
hilus	O
contrasted	O
with	O
the	O
relative	O
preservation	O
of	O
labeled	O
putative	O
basket	O
cells	O
along	O
the	O
inner	O
margin	O
of	O
the	O
granule	O
cell	O
layer	O
.	O

Quantitative	O
analyses	O
of	O
labeled	O
neurons	O
in	O
three	O
regions	O
of	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
in	O
the	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
week	O
groups	O
showed	O
statistically	O
significant	O
decreases	O
in	O
the	O
mean	O
number	O
of	O
GAD	O
mRNA	O
-	O
containing	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
hilus	O
of	O
both	O
groups	O
of	O
experimental	O
animals	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
differences	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
molecular	O
layer	O
or	O
the	O
granule	O
cell	O
layer	O
,	O
which	O
included	O
labeled	O
neurons	O
along	O
the	O
lower	O
margin	O
of	O
the	O
granule	O
cell	O
layer	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
,	O
a	O
subpopulation	O
of	O
GAD	O
mRNA	O
-	O
containing	O
neurons	O
within	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
is	O
selectively	O
vulnerable	O
to	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
damage	O
.	O

Such	O
differential	O
vulnerability	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
another	O
indication	O
of	O
the	O
heterogeneity	O
of	O
GABA	B-Chemical
neurons	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
deliberate	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
with	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
on	O
neuropsychological	O
function	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
deliberate	O
hypotension	B-Disease
on	O
brain	O
function	O
measured	O
by	O
neuropsychological	O
tests	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
41	O
adult	O
patients	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
four	O
patients	O
were	O
anaesthetized	O
for	O
middle	O
-	O
ear	O
surgery	O
with	O
deliberate	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
with	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
(	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
group	O
)	O
.	O

Seventeen	O
patients	O
without	O
hypotension	B-Disease
served	O
as	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
was	O
77	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
mmHg	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
kPa	O
)	O
before	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
50	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
mmHg	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
0	O
kPa	O
)	O
during	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
and	O
86	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
mmHg	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
kPa	O
)	O
during	O
anaesthesia	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
psychological	O
tests	O
were	O
performed	O
:	O
four	O
subtests	O
of	O
the	O
Wechsler	O
Adult	O
Intelligence	O
Scale	O
(	O
similarities	O
,	O
digit	O
span	O
,	O
vocabulary	O
and	O
digit	O
symbol	O
)	O
,	O
Trail	O
-	O
Making	O
tests	O
A	O
and	O
B	O
,	O
Zung	O
tests	O
(	O
self	O
-	O
rating	O
anxiety	B-Disease
scale	O
and	O
self	O
-	O
rating	O
depression	B-Disease
scale	O
)	O
and	O
two	O
-	O
part	O
memory	O
test	O
battery	O
with	O
immediate	O
and	O
delayed	O
recall	O
.	O

The	O
tests	O
were	O
performed	O
preoperatively	O
and	O
2	O
days	O
postoperatively	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
statistically	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
groups	O
in	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
tests	O
in	O
the	O
changes	O
from	O
preoperative	O
value	O
to	O
postoperative	O
value	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
with	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
has	O
no	O
significant	O
harmful	O
effects	O
on	O
mental	O
functions	O
compared	O
to	O
normotensive	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

Apparent	O
cure	O
of	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
by	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
sustained	O
remissions	O
and	O
possible	O
cure	O
of	O
severe	O
erosive	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
(	O
RA	B-Disease
)	O
by	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
(	O
BMT	O
)	O
in	O
2	O
patients	O
.	O

BMT	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
severe	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
which	O
was	O
caused	O
by	O
gold	B-Chemical
in	O
one	O
case	O
and	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
other	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
8	O
and	O
6	O
years	O
since	O
the	O
transplants	O
(	O
representing	O
8	O
and	O
4	O
years	O
since	O
cessation	O
of	O
all	O
immunosuppressive	O
therapy	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
RA	B-Disease
in	O
each	O
case	O
has	O
been	O
completely	O
quiescent	O
.	O

Although	O
short	O
term	O
remission	O
of	O
severe	O
RA	B-Disease
following	O
BMT	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
,	O
these	O
are	O
the	O
first	O
cases	O
for	O
which	O
prolonged	O
followup	O
has	O
been	O
available	O
.	O

This	O
experience	O
raises	O
the	O
question	O
of	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
BMT	O
itself	O
as	O
a	O
therapeutic	O
option	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
uncontrolled	O
destructive	O
synovitis	B-Disease
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
combined	O
levomepromazine	B-Chemical
-	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
combined	O
levomepromazine	B-Chemical
-	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
seems	O
that	O
combined	O
treatment	O
of	O
fluvoxamine	B-Chemical
with	O
phenothiazines	B-Chemical
may	O
possess	O
proconvulsive	O
activity	O
.	O

Case	O
report	O
:	O
pentamidine	B-Chemical
and	O
polymorphic	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
revisited	O
.	O

Pentamidine	B-Chemical
isethionate	I-Chemical
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmias	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
article	O
reports	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
this	O
complication	O
and	O
reviews	O
all	O
reported	O
cases	O
to	O
date	O
.	O

Pentamidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
serum	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
hypomagnesemia	B-Disease
may	O
synergistically	O
induce	O
torsade	O
.	O

Torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
occurred	O
after	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
10	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
pentamidine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
these	O
patients	O
,	O
no	O
other	O
acute	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
pentamidine	B-Chemical
were	O
observed	O
.	O

Torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
can	O
be	O
treated	O
when	O
recognized	O
early	O
,	O
possibly	O
without	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
pentamidine	B-Chemical
.	O

When	O
QTc	B-Disease
interval	I-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
is	O
observed	O
,	O
early	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
is	O
advocated	O
.	O

Efficacy	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
in	O
3390	O
women	O
with	O
moderate	O
hypercholesterolemia	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
in	O
women	O
with	O
moderate	O
hypercholesterolemia	B-Disease
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
The	O
Expanded	O
Clinical	O
Evaluation	O
of	O
Lovastatin	B-Chemical
(	O
EXCEL	O
)	O
Study	O
,	O
a	O
multicenter	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
diet	O
-	O
and	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
participants	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
receive	O
placebo	O
or	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
at	O
doses	O
of	O
20	O
or	O
40	O
mg	O
once	O
daily	O
,	O
or	O
20	O
or	O
40	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
for	O
48	O
weeks	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Ambulatory	O
patients	O
recruited	O
by	O
362	O
participating	O
centers	O
throughout	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
Women	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
3390	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
total	O
cohort	O
of	O
8245	O
volunteers	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
:	O
Plasma	O
total	O
,	O
low	O
-	O
density	O
lipoprotein	O
(	O
LDL	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
high	O
-	O
density	O
lipoprotein	O
(	O
HDL	O
)	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
triglycerides	B-Chemical
;	O
and	O
laboratory	O
and	O
clinical	O
evidence	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
monitored	O
periodically	O
throughout	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Among	O
women	O
,	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
to	O
80	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
)	O
produced	O
sustained	O
(	O
12	O
-	O
to	O
48	O
-	O
week	O
)	O
,	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
changes	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
:	O
decreases	O
in	O
LDL	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
(	O
24	O
%	O
to	O
40	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
triglycerides	B-Chemical
(	O
9	O
%	O
to	O
18	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
increases	O
in	O
HDL	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
to	O
8	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Depending	O
on	O
the	O
dose	O
,	O
from	O
82	O
%	O
to	O
95	O
%	O
of	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
women	O
achieved	O
the	O
National	O
Cholesterol	B-Chemical
Education	O
Program	O
goal	O
of	O
LDL	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
levels	O
less	O
than	O
4	O
.	O
14	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
160	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
40	O
%	O
to	O
87	O
%	O
achieved	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
36	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
130	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
.	O

Successive	O
transaminase	O
elevations	O
greater	O
than	O
three	O
times	O
the	O
upper	O
limit	O
of	O
normal	O
occurred	O
in	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
of	O
women	O
and	O
were	O
dose	O
dependent	O
above	O
the	O
20	O
-	O
mg	O
dose	O
.	O

Myopathy	B-Disease
,	O
defined	O
as	O
muscle	O
symptoms	O
with	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
elevations	O
greater	O
than	O
10	O
times	O
the	O
upper	O
limit	O
of	O
normal	O
,	O
was	O
rare	O
and	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
highest	O
recommended	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
(	O
80	O
mg	O
)	O
.	O

Estrogen	O
-	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
appeared	O
to	O
have	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
either	O
the	O
efficacy	O
or	O
safety	O
profile	O
of	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Lovastatin	B-Chemical
is	O
highly	O
effective	O
and	O
generally	O
well	O
tolerated	O
as	O
therapy	O
for	O
primary	O
hypercholesterolemia	B-Disease
in	O
women	O
.	O

Tetany	B-Disease
and	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
surreptitious	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
-	O
-	O
importance	O
of	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
.	O

Diuretics	O
may	O
induce	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
,	O
hypocalcemia	B-Disease
and	O
hypomagnesemia	B-Disease
.	O

While	O
severe	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
may	O
cause	O
muscle	B-Disease
weakness	I-Disease
,	O
severe	O
hypomagnesemia	B-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
muscle	B-Disease
spasms	I-Disease
and	O
tetany	B-Disease
which	O
cannot	O
be	O
corrected	O
by	O
potassium	B-Chemical
and	O
calcium	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
alone	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

Surreptitious	O
diuretic	O
ingestion	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
,	O
mainly	O
in	O
women	O
who	O
are	O
concerned	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
obese	B-Disease
or	O
edematous	B-Disease
.	O

Symptomatic	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
(	O
3	O
-	O
7	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
one	O
case	O
hypocalcemia	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
(	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
depletion	O
were	O
not	O
noted	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

Ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cancer	B-Disease
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
is	O
uncommon	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
with	O
cancer	B-Disease
who	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
that	O
followed	O
treatment	O
with	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
are	O
described	O
and	O
an	O
additional	O
15	O
cases	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
are	O
reviewed	O
.	O

Other	O
than	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
characteristic	O
clinical	O
manifestations	O
and	O
abnormal	O
laboratory	O
findings	O
are	O
not	O
frequently	O
present	O
.	O

Allergic	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
is	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
underlying	O
pathological	O
-	O
process	O
.	O

Definitive	O
diagnosis	O
requires	O
performance	O
of	O
renal	O
biopsy	O
,	O
although	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
always	O
feasible	O
.	O

An	O
improvement	O
in	O
renal	O
function	O
that	O
followed	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
offending	O
antibiotic	O
supports	O
the	O
presumptive	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Venous	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
of	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
versus	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
some	O
studies	O
have	O
suggested	O
fewer	O
venous	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
are	O
associated	O
with	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
than	O
with	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
for	O
endoscopic	O
procedures	O
,	O
this	O
variable	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
well	O
documented	O
.	O

We	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
after	O
intravenous	O
injection	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
or	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
in	O
122	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
colonoscopy	O
and	O
esophagogastroduodenoscopy	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
venous	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
were	O
more	O
frequent	O
with	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
22	O
of	O
62	O
patients	O
)	O
than	O
with	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
of	O
60	O
patients	O
)	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
palpable	O
venous	O
cord	O
was	O
present	O
in	O
23	O
%	O
(	O
14	O
of	O
62	O
)	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
2	O
%	O
(	O
1	O
of	O
60	O
patients	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
at	O
the	O
injection	O
site	O
occurred	O
in	O
35	O
%	O
(	O
22	O
of	O
62	O
)	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
group	O
compared	O
with	O
7	O
%	O
(	O
4	O
of	O
60	O
patients	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Swelling	B-Disease
and	O
warmth	O
at	O
the	O
injection	O
site	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Smoking	O
,	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drug	O
use	O
,	O
intravenous	O
catheter	O
site	O
,	O
dwell	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
needle	O
,	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
injection	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
.	O

Clarithromycin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
on	O
continuous	O
ambulatory	O
peritoneal	O
dialysis	O
.	O

Visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
are	O
a	O
rare	O
event	O
in	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
uremia	B-Disease
per	O
se	O
.	O

Unreported	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
is	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
occurring	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
the	O
new	O
macrolide	B-Chemical
antibiotic	O
,	O
clarithromycin	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
describe	O
such	O
a	O
case	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
maintained	O
on	O
continuous	O
ambulatory	O
peritoneal	O
dialysis	O
(	O
CAPD	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
combination	O
of	O
a	O
relatively	O
high	O
dose	O
of	O
clarithromycin	B-Chemical
in	O
face	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
functionally	O
anephric	O
patient	O
,	O
with	O
underlying	O
aluminum	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
,	O
may	O
have	O
facilitated	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
this	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
side	O
effect	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
understand	O
the	O
pharmacokinetics	O
of	O
medications	O
in	O
face	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
drug	O
interactions	O
,	O
and	O
how	O
these	O
factors	O
should	O
help	O
guide	O
medication	O
therapy	O
in	O
the	O
ESRD	B-Disease
patient	O
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
peroxisomes	O
in	O
preneoplastic	O
liver	O
and	O
hepatoma	B-Disease
of	O
mice	O
induced	O
by	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
benzene	I-Chemical
hexachloride	I-Chemical
.	O

Peroxisomes	O
in	O
hepatomas	B-Disease
and	O
hyperplastic	O
preneoplastic	O
liver	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
induced	O
in	O
mice	O
by	O
500	O
ppm	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
benzene	I-Chemical
hexachloride	I-Chemical
were	O
examined	O
histochemically	O
and	O
electron	O
microscopically	O
.	O

Although	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
hepatomas	B-Disease
were	O
well	O
-	O
differentiated	O
tumors	B-Disease
and	O
contained	O
a	O
considerable	O
number	O
of	O
peroxisomes	O
,	O
the	O
tumor	B-Disease
cells	O
did	O
not	O
respond	O
to	O
ethyl	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chlorophenoxyisobutyrate	I-Chemical
with	O
proliferation	O
of	O
peroxisomes	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
16th	O
week	O
of	O
carcinogen	O
feeding	O
,	O
hyperplastic	O
nodules	O
appeared	O
and	O
advanced	O
to	O
further	O
stages	O
.	O

A	O
majority	O
of	O
the	O
nodules	O
showed	O
a	O
considerable	O
number	O
of	O
peroxisomes	O
and	O
the	O
inductive	O
proliferation	O
of	O
peroxisomes	O
.	O

Within	O
the	O
nodules	O
,	O
foci	O
of	O
proliferation	O
of	O
the	O
cells	O
that	O
showed	O
no	O
inducibility	O
of	O
proliferation	O
of	O
peroxisomes	O
appeared	O
.	O

These	O
cells	O
proliferated	O
further	O
,	O
replacing	O
the	O
most	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
nodules	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
this	O
process	O
hepatomas	B-Disease
appeared	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
formed	O
.	O

No	O
abnormal	O
matrical	O
inclusions	O
of	O
peroxisomes	O
were	O
formed	O
in	O
the	O
cells	O
of	O
hyperplastic	O
nodules	O
by	O
ethyl	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chlorophenoxyisobutyrate	I-Chemical
unlike	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
rats	O
.	O

Contribution	O
of	O
the	O
sympathetic	O
nervous	O
system	O
to	O
salt	O
-	O
sensitivity	O
in	O
lifetime	O
captopril	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
test	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
lifetime	O
captopril	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
(	O
SHR	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
sympathetic	O
nervous	O
system	O
contributes	O
importantly	O
to	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
dietary	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
supplementation	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Male	O
SHR	O
(	O
aged	O
6	O
weeks	O
)	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
treated	O
from	O
conception	O
onward	O
with	O
either	O
captopril	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
remained	O
on	O
a	O
basal	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
diet	O
or	O
were	O
fed	O
a	O
high	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
diet	O
.	O

After	O
2	O
weeks	O
,	O
the	O
rats	O
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
ganglionic	O
blockade	O
and	O
2	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
an	O
infusion	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Lifetime	O
captopril	B-Chemical
treatment	O
significantly	O
lowered	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
the	O
ganglionic	O
blocker	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
rapid	O
decline	O
in	O
MAP	O
that	O
eliminated	O
the	O
dietary	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
MAP	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Infusion	O
of	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
alpha2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
adrenergic	I-Chemical
receptor	I-Chemical
agonist	I-Chemical
clonidine	B-Chemical
also	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
greater	O
reduction	O
in	O
MAP	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
of	O
SHR	O
that	O
were	O
fed	O
the	O
high	O
(	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
basal	O
)	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
diet	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
both	O
lifetime	O
captopril	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
and	O
control	O
SHR	O
,	O
the	O
sympathetic	O
nervous	O
system	O
contributes	O
to	O
the	O
pressor	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
high	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
diet	O
.	O

Angioedema	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
droperidol	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Angioedema	B-Disease
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
angioneurotic	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
or	O
Quincke	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
is	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
demarcated	O
,	O
localized	O
edema	B-Disease
involving	O
the	O
subcutaneous	O
tissues	O
that	O
may	O
cause	O
upper	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
airway	I-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
previously	O
healthy	O
19	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
no	O
known	O
drug	B-Disease
allergies	I-Disease
in	O
whom	O
angioedema	B-Disease
with	O
significant	O
tongue	B-Disease
swelling	I-Disease
and	O
protrusion	O
developed	O
within	O
10	O
minutes	O
of	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
IV	O
dose	O
of	O
droperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

Late	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
for	O
a	O
malignant	O
bone	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
.	O

Cardiac	O
function	O
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
survivors	O
of	O
malignant	O
bone	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
who	O
were	O
treated	O
according	O
to	O
Rosen	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
s	I-Chemical
T5	I-Chemical
or	I-Chemical
T10	I-Chemical
protocol	I-Chemical
,	O
both	O
including	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
one	O
patients	O
,	O
age	O
10	O
-	O
45	O
years	O
(	O
median	O
age	O
17	O
.	O
8	O
years	O
)	O
were	O
evaluated	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
14	O
.	O
1	O
years	O
(	O
median	O
8	O
.	O
9	O
years	O
)	O
following	O
completion	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Cumulative	O
doses	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
were	O
225	O
-	O
550	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
(	O
median	O
dose	O
360	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
evaluation	O
consisted	O
of	O
a	O
history	O
,	O
physical	O
examination	O
,	O
electrocardiogram	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
,	O
signal	O
averaged	O
ECG	O
,	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
ambulatory	O
ECG	O
,	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
radionuclide	O
angiography	O
.	O

Eighteen	O
of	O
31	O
(	O
58	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
showed	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
,	O
defined	O
as	O
having	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
of	O
the	O
following	O
abnormalities	O
:	O
late	O
potentials	O
,	O
complex	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
,	O
left	O
ventricular	B-Disease
dilation	I-Disease
,	O
decreased	O
shortening	O
fraction	O
,	O
or	O
decreased	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
increased	O
with	O
length	O
of	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
correlation	O
could	O
be	O
demonstrated	O
between	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
cardiac	O
status	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
heart	O
rate	O
variability	O
.	O

When	O
adjusted	O
to	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
,	O
the	O
left	O
ventricular	O
posterior	O
wall	O
thickness	O
(	O
LVPW	O
index	O
)	O
was	O
decreased	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
high	O
and	O
increases	O
with	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
,	O
irrespective	O
of	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
.	O

Life	O
-	O
long	O
cardiac	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
is	O
warranted	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
our	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
heart	O
rate	O
variability	O
and	O
LVPW	O
index	O
could	O
be	O
sensitive	O
indicators	O
for	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Acute	O
blood	O
pressure	O
elevations	O
with	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
men	O
with	O
borderline	O
systemic	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Whether	O
the	O
vasoconstrictive	O
actions	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
are	O
enhanced	O
in	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
persons	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
demonstrated	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
versus	O
placebo	O
was	O
tested	O
in	O
48	O
healthy	O
men	O
(	O
aged	O
20	O
to	O
35	O
years	O
)	O
selected	O
after	O
screening	O
on	O
2	O
separate	O
occasions	O
.	O

Borderline	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
men	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
24	O
)	O
were	O
selected	O
with	O
screening	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
of	O
140	O
to	O
160	O
mm	O
Hg	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
90	O
to	O
99	O
mm	O
Hg	O
.	O

Low	O
-	O
risk	O
controls	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
24	O
)	O
reported	O
no	O
parental	O
history	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
had	O
screening	O
BP	O
<	O
130	O
/	O
85	O
mm	O
Hg	O
.	O

Participants	O
were	O
then	O
tested	O
on	O
2	O
occasions	O
after	O
12	O
-	O
hour	O
abstinence	O
from	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
each	O
of	O
2	O
protocols	O
;	O
this	O
required	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
4	O
laboratory	O
visits	O
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
changes	O
in	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
were	O
2	O
to	O
3	O
times	O
larger	O
in	O
borderline	O
subjects	O
than	O
in	O
controls	O
(	O
+	O
8	O
.	O
4	O
vs	O
+	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
attributable	O
to	O
larger	O
changes	O
in	O
impedance	O
-	O
derived	O
measures	O
of	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
(	O
+	O
135	O
vs	O
+	O
45	O
dynes	O
.	O
s	O
.	O
cm	O
-	O
5	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
004	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
were	O
consistent	O
and	O
reached	O
significance	O
in	O
both	O
protocols	O
.	O

The	O
percentage	O
of	O
borderline	O
subjects	O
in	O
whom	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
changes	O
exceeded	O
the	O
median	O
control	O
response	O
was	O
96	O
%	O
.	O

Consequently	O
,	O
whereas	O
all	O
participants	O
exhibited	O
normotensive	O
levels	O
during	O
the	O
resting	O
predrug	O
baseline	O
,	O
33	O
%	O
of	O
borderline	O
subjects	O
achieved	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
BP	O
levels	O
after	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
in	O
borderline	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
men	O
,	O
exaggerated	O
responses	O
to	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
were	O
:	O
selective	O
for	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
,	O
consistent	O
with	O
greater	O
vasoconstriction	O
,	O
replicated	O
in	O
2	O
protocols	O
,	O
and	O
representative	O
of	O
nearly	O
all	O
borderline	O
hypertensives	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
suspect	O
that	O
the	O
potential	O
for	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
to	O
stabilize	O
high	O
resistance	O
states	O
in	O
susceptible	O
persons	O
suggests	O
that	O
its	O
use	O
may	O
facilitate	O
their	O
disease	O
progression	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
hinder	O
accurate	O
diagnosis	O
and	O
treatment	O
.	O

Absence	O
of	O
effect	O
of	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
on	O
time	O
-	O
based	O
sensitization	O
of	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
study	O
evaluated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
alone	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
plus	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
on	O
cognitive	O
and	O
psychomotor	O
function	O
in	O
24	O
healthy	O
male	O
subjects	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
All	O
subjects	O
received	O
placebo	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
2	O
mg	O
on	O
Days	O
2	O
and	O
25	O
.	O

From	O
Days	O
9	O
to	O
25	O
,	O
subjects	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
either	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
subjects	O
)	O
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
12	O
subjects	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
dose	O
was	O
titrated	O
from	O
50	O
to	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
from	O
Days	O
9	O
to	O
16	O
,	O
and	O
remained	O
at	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
the	O
final	O
10	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
administration	O
period	O
.	O

Cognitive	O
function	O
testing	O
was	O
performed	O
before	O
dosing	O
and	O
over	O
a	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
period	O
after	O
dosing	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
25	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
cognitive	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
6	O
to	O
8	O
hours	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
on	O
Day	O
2	O
but	O
was	O
not	O
evident	O
23	O
hours	O
after	O
dosing	O
.	O

When	O
single	O
-	O
dose	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
again	O
25	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
greater	O
impairment	O
with	O
earlier	O
onset	O
was	O
noted	O
in	O
several	O
tests	O
in	O
both	O
treatment	O
groups	O
,	O
suggesting	O
enhancement	O
of	O
this	O
effect	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
indication	O
that	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
exacerbated	O
the	O
impairment	O
produced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
since	O
an	O
equivalent	O
effect	O
also	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
.	O

Three	O
subjects	O
(	O
2	O
on	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
and	O
1	O
on	O
placebo	O
)	O
withdrew	O
from	O
the	O
study	O
because	O
of	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Ten	O
subjects	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
reported	O
side	O
effects	O
related	O
to	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
side	O
effect	O
profiles	O
of	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
and	O
of	O
placebo	O
were	O
similar	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Haloperidol	B-Chemical
produced	O
a	O
clear	O
profile	O
of	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
that	O
was	O
not	O
worsened	O
by	O
concomitant	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Coexistence	O
of	O
cerebral	B-Disease
venous	I-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
internal	I-Disease
carotid	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
exogenous	O
sex	O
hormones	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

A	O
forty	O
-	O
six	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
premenopausal	O
woman	O
developed	O
headache	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
left	O
hemiparesis	B-Disease
and	O
seizure	B-Disease
two	O
days	O
after	O
parenteral	O
use	O
of	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
and	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
.	O

Diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
(	O
DM	B-Disease
)	O
was	O
found	O
during	O
admission	O
.	O

Computed	O
tomography	O
showed	O
a	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
infarct	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
right	O
frontal	O
lobe	O
and	O
increased	O
density	O
in	O
the	O
superior	O
sagittal	O
sinus	O
(	O
SSS	O
)	O
.	O

Left	O
carotid	O
angiography	O
found	O
occlusion	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
left	I-Disease
internal	I-Disease
carotid	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
(	O
ICA	O
)	O
.	O

Right	O
carotid	O
angiograms	O
failed	O
to	O
show	O
the	O
SSS	O
and	O
inferior	O
sagittal	O
sinus	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
.	O

Coexistence	O
of	O
the	O
cerebral	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
venous	I-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
described	O
infrequently	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
case	O
,	O
the	O
authors	O
postulate	O
that	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
and	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
underlying	O
DM	B-Disease
increased	O
vascular	O
thrombogenicity	O
,	O
which	O
provided	O
a	O
common	O
denominator	O
for	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
both	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
ICA	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
venous	I-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
.	O

Chemotherapy	O
of	O
advanced	O
inoperable	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
small	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
with	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
phase	O
II	O
trial	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
Taxol	B-Chemical
;	O
Bristol	O
-	O
Myers	O
Squibb	O
Company	O
,	O
Princeton	O
,	O
NJ	O
)	O
has	O
demonstrated	O
significant	O
antineoplastic	O
activity	O
against	O
different	O
tumor	B-Disease
types	O
,	O
notably	O
ovarian	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
breast	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

Two	O
phase	O
II	O
trials	O
of	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
infusions	O
in	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
naive	O
patients	O
with	O
stage	O
IIIB	O
or	O
IV	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
small	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
reported	O
response	O
rates	O
of	O
21	O
%	O
and	O
24	O
%	O
.	O

Leukopenia	B-Disease
was	O
dose	O
limiting	O
:	O
as	O
many	O
as	O
62	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
experienced	O
grade	O
4	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
hour	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
infusion	O
in	O
a	O
phase	O
II	O
trial	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
inoperable	O
stage	O
IIIB	O
or	O
IV	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
58	O
patients	O
treated	O
(	O
41	O
men	O
and	O
17	O
women	O
)	O
had	O
a	O
median	O
age	O
of	O
59	O
years	O
(	O
age	O
range	O
,	O
25	O
to	O
75	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
performance	O
status	O
of	O
0	O
through	O
2	O
.	O

Most	O
patients	O
(	O
72	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
stage	O
IV	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
225	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
was	O
infused	O
over	O
3	O
hours	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
with	O
standard	O
prophylactic	O
premedication	O
.	O

Of	O
50	O
patients	O
evaluable	O
for	O
response	O
,	O
12	O
(	O
24	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
partial	O
remission	O
,	O
26	O
(	O
52	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
no	O
change	O
,	O
and	O
12	O
had	O
disease	O
progression	O
(	O
24	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Hematologic	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
mild	O
:	O
only	O
one	O
patient	O
(	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
grade	O
3	O
or	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
29	O
%	O
had	O
grade	O
1	O
or	O
2	O
.	O

Grade	O
1	O
or	O
2	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
affected	O
56	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
while	O
only	O
one	O
(	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
experienced	O
severe	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
grade	O
1	O
or	O
2	O
myalgia	B-Disease
/	O
arthralgia	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
63	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
experienced	O
grade	O
3	O
or	O
4	O
.	O

Nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
were	O
infrequent	O
,	O
with	O
14	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
experiencing	O
grade	O
1	O
or	O
2	O
and	O
only	O
2	O
%	O
experiencing	O
grade	O
3	O
or	O
4	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
is	O
thus	O
an	O
active	O
single	O
agent	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
population	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
proving	O
comparably	O
effective	O
to	O
a	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
and	O
superior	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
hematologic	O
and	O
nonhematologic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Further	O
phase	O
II	O
studies	O
with	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
other	O
drugs	O
active	O
against	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
are	O
indicated	O
,	O
and	O
phase	O
III	O
studies	O
comparing	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
with	O
standard	O
chemotherapy	O
remain	O
to	O
be	O
completed	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
first	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	O
of	O
advanced	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
phase	O
I	O
study	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
maximum	O
tolerated	O
dose	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
Taxol	B-Chemical
;	O
Bristol	O
-	O
Myers	O
Squibb	O
Company	O
,	O
Princeton	O
,	O
NJ	O
)	O
given	O
as	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
administered	O
every	O
21	O
days	O
to	O
women	O
with	O
advanced	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
doses	O
were	O
escalated	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
level	O
1	O
,	O
135	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
;	O
level	O
2	O
,	O
160	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
;	O
level	O
3	O
,	O
185	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
;	O
and	O
level	O
4	O
,	O
210	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

The	O
fixed	O
dose	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
at	O
levels	O
1	O
through	O
4	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
achieve	O
an	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
concentration	O
-	O
time	O
curve	O
(	O
AUC	O
)	O
of	O
5	O
using	O
the	O
Calvert	O
formula	O
.	O

In	O
levels	O
5	O
and	O
6	O
the	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
dose	O
was	O
targeted	O
at	O
AUCs	O
of	O
6	O
and	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
combined	O
with	O
a	O
fixed	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
dose	O
of	O
185	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

To	O
date	O
,	O
30	O
previously	O
untreated	O
patients	O
,	O
all	O
with	O
a	O
good	O
performance	O
status	O
(	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
0	O
to	O
2	O
)	O
have	O
been	O
entered	O
into	O
this	O
ongoing	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
combination	O
was	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
(	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
,	O
granulocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Neurotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
largely	O
moderate	O
.	O

So	O
far	O
,	O
14	O
patients	O
are	O
evaluable	O
for	O
response	O
;	O
of	O
these	O
,	O
eight	O
(	O
57	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
objective	O
(	O
complete	O
or	O
partial	O
)	O
response	O
and	O
disease	O
stabilized	O
in	O
six	O
patients	O
.	O

No	O
patient	O
had	O
disease	O
progression	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
185	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
administered	O
as	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
followed	O
immediately	O
by	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
at	O
an	O
AUC	O
of	O
6	O
can	O
be	O
administered	O
safely	O
in	O
a	O
21	O
-	O
day	O
schedule	O
in	O
the	O
outpatient	O
setting	O
.	O

The	O
recommended	O
dose	O
for	O
phase	O
III	O
studies	O
is	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
185	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
and	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
AUC	O
6	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
acute	O
steroid	B-Chemical
administration	O
on	O
ventilatory	O
and	O
peripheral	O
muscles	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Occasional	O
case	O
reports	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
acute	O
myopathy	B-Disease
may	O
occur	O
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
massive	O
doses	O
of	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
this	O
myopathy	B-Disease
is	O
poorly	O
understood	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
60	O
male	O
rats	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
receive	O
daily	O
injection	O
of	O
saline	O
(	O
C	O
)	O
,	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
(	O
M	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
or	O
triamcinolone	B-Chemical
(	O
T	B-Chemical
)	O
80	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
d	O
for	O
5	O
d	O
.	O

Nutritional	O
intake	O
,	O
measured	O
daily	O
in	O
15	O
animals	O
,	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
food	I-Disease
intake	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
steroid	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
groups	O
(	O
-	O
50	O
and	O
-	O
79	O
%	O
in	O
M	B-Chemical
and	O
T	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
similar	O
loss	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
body	I-Disease
weight	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
45	O
remaining	O
animals	O
,	O
diaphragm	O
contractility	O
and	O
histopathologic	O
features	O
of	O
several	O
muscles	O
were	O
studied	O
.	O

Weights	O
of	O
respiratory	O
and	O
peripheral	O
muscles	O
were	O
similarly	O
decreased	O
after	O
steroid	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Maximal	O
twitches	O
of	O
the	O
diaphragm	O
were	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
C	O
group	O
(	O
653	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
174	O
g	O
/	O
cm	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
M	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
837	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
171	O
g	O
/	O
cm	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
T	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
765	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
145	O
g	O
/	O
cm	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
NS	O
)	O
.	O

Half	O
-	O
relaxation	O
time	O
was	O
prolonged	O
in	O
both	O
steroid	B-Chemical
groups	O
,	O
and	O
time	O
to	O
peak	O
tension	O
was	O
longer	O
with	O
M	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
tetanic	B-Disease
tensions	O
were	O
similar	O
.	O

Steroid	B-Chemical
treatment	O
also	O
induced	O
a	O
leftward	O
shift	O
of	O
the	O
force	O
-	O
frequency	O
curve	O
at	O
25	O
and	O
50	O
Hz	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
saline	O
treatment	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

ATPase	O
staining	O
of	O
the	O
diaphragm	O
,	O
scalenus	O
medius	O
,	O
and	O
gastrocnemius	O
showed	O
type	O
IIb	O
fiber	O
atrophy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
steroid	B-Chemical
groups	O
and	O
also	O
diaphragmatic	O
type	O
IIa	O
atrophy	B-Disease
with	O
T	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
histologic	O
examinations	O
revealed	O
a	O
normal	O
muscular	O
pattern	O
with	O
absence	O
of	O
necrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
a	O
pair	O
-	O
fed	O
(	O
PF	O
)	O
study	O
,	O
performed	O
in	O
18	O
rats	O
(	O
C	O
,	O
T	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
PF	O
)	O
,	O
showed	O
that	O
muscle	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
was	O
considerably	O
less	O
pronounced	O
in	O
PF	O
animals	O
than	O
in	O
T	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
massive	O
doses	O
of	O
steroids	B-Chemical
induced	O
severe	O
respiratory	O
and	O
limb	O
muscle	O
wasting	O
;	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
both	O
types	O
of	O
steroids	B-Chemical
induced	O
predominantly	O
type	O
IIb	O
atrophy	B-Disease
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
the	O
expected	O
alterations	O
in	O
diaphragm	O
contractile	O
properties	O
;	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
neither	O
steroid	B-Chemical
caused	O
muscle	O
necrosis	B-Disease
;	O
(	O
4	O
)	O
type	O
IIb	O
atrophy	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
caused	O
by	O
acute	O
nutritional	O
deprivation	O
alone	O
.	O

Continuous	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
mesna	B-Chemical
to	O
prevent	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

Hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
major	O
potential	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
that	O
can	O
be	O
prevented	O
by	O
administering	O
mesna	B-Chemical
along	O
with	O
the	O
cytotoxic	O
agent	O
.	O

Mesna	B-Chemical
is	O
generally	O
administered	O
by	O
the	O
intravenous	O
route	O
,	O
although	O
experience	O
with	O
oral	O
delivery	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
has	O
increased	O
.	O

The	O
continuous	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
mesna	B-Chemical
has	O
the	O
advantage	O
of	O
not	O
requiring	O
intravenous	O
access	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
subcutaneous	O
delivery	O
of	O
the	O
neutralizing	O
agent	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
inadequate	O
urinary	O
mesna	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
taking	O
oral	O
mesna	B-Chemical
who	O
experiences	O
severe	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
emesis	B-Disease
and	O
is	O
unable	O
to	O
absorb	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Limited	O
clinical	O
experience	O
with	O
continuous	O
subcutaneous	O
mesna	B-Chemical
administration	O
suggests	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
safe	O
,	O
practical	O
,	O
and	O
economic	O
method	O
of	O
drug	O
delivery	O
that	O
permits	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
to	O
be	O
administered	O
successfully	O
in	O
the	O
outpatient	O
setting	O
.	O

Leg	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
back	I-Disease
pain	I-Disease
after	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
involving	O
hyperbaric	O
5	O
%	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Fifty	O
-	O
four	O
patients	O
,	O
aged	O
27	O
-	O
90	O
years	O
,	O
who	O
were	O
given	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
5	O
%	O
in	O
6	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
glucose	B-Chemical
solution	O
for	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
were	O
studied	O
.	O

Thirteen	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
experienced	O
pain	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
legs	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
/	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
back	I-Disease
after	O
recovery	O
from	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
affected	O
were	O
younger	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
site	O
of	O
the	O
dural	O
puncture	O
was	O
higher	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
than	O
those	O
individuals	O
without	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Five	O
of	O
the	O
13	O
patients	O
(	O
38	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
pain	B-Disease
and	O
seven	O
of	O
the	O
41	O
patients	O
(	O
17	O
%	O
)	O
without	O
pain	B-Disease
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
high	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
intake	O
,	O
which	O
might	O
be	O
a	O
contributing	O
factor	O
.	O

Leg	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
/	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
back	I-Disease
pain	I-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
intrathecal	O
use	O
of	O
hyperbaric	O
5	O
%	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
serum	O
cholinesterase	O
in	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
apnoea	B-Disease
.	O

Fifteen	O
patients	O
demonstrating	O
unexpected	O
prolonged	O
apnoea	B-Disease
lasting	O
several	O
hours	O
after	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
treated	O
by	O
a	O
new	O
preparation	O
of	O
human	O
serum	O
cholinesterase	O
.	O

Adequate	O
spontaneous	O
respiration	O
was	O
re	O
-	O
established	O
in	O
an	O
average	O
period	O
of	O
ten	O
minutes	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
.	O

In	O
12	O
patients	O
biochemical	O
genetic	O
examinations	O
confirmed	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
an	O
atypical	O
serum	O
cholinesterase	O
.	O

In	O
three	O
patients	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
usual	O
variants	O
were	O
found	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
therefore	O
supposed	O
that	O
other	O
unknown	O
variants	O
of	O
serum	O
cholinesterase	O
exist	O
which	O
cannot	O
hydrolyze	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
serum	O
cholinesterase	O
in	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
apnoea	B-Disease
provided	O
considerable	O
relief	O
to	O
both	O
patient	O
and	O
anaesthetist	O
.	O

Increased	O
sulfation	O
and	O
decreased	O
7alpha	O
-	O
hydroxylation	O
of	O
deoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Deoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
conjugation	O
,	O
transport	O
capacity	O
,	O
and	O
metabolism	O
were	O
compared	O
in	O
control	O
and	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Control	O
rats	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
lower	O
capacity	O
to	O
transport	O
deoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
than	O
taurodeoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
both	O
were	O
decreased	O
by	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

During	O
[	O
24	O
-	O
14C	O
]	O
sodium	B-Chemical
deoxycholate	I-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
[	O
14C	O
]	O
biliary	O
bile	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
secretion	O
increased	O
,	O
but	O
bile	O
flow	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
significantly	O
in	O
either	O
control	O
or	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
excreted	O
significantly	O
less	O
14C	O
as	O
taurocholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
than	O
did	O
control	O
animals	O
,	O
consistent	O
with	O
an	O
impairment	O
of	O
7alpha	O
-	O
hydroxylation	O
of	O
taurodeoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
treatment	O
did	O
not	O
impair	O
conjugation	O
of	O
deoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
but	O
did	O
result	O
in	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
sulfation	O
of	O
taurodeoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
from	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
controls	O
to	O
nearly	O
4	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
rat	O
has	O
a	O
poorer	O
tolerance	O
for	O
deoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
than	O
do	O
certain	O
other	O
species	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
rat	O
converts	O
deoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
poor	O
choleretic	O
,	O
to	O
taurocholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
good	O
choleretic	O
.	O

When	O
this	O
conversion	O
is	O
impaired	O
with	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
sulfation	O
may	O
be	O
an	O
important	O
alternate	O
pathway	O
for	O
excretion	O
of	O
this	O
potentially	O
harmful	O
bile	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Influence	O
of	O
diet	O
free	O
of	O
NAD	B-Chemical
-	O
precursors	O
on	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
we	O
demonstrated	O
the	O
hepatoprotective	O
effects	O
of	O
nicotinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
amide	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
poly	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ADP	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ribose	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
polymerase	O
(	O
PARP	O
;	O
EC	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
.	O
30	O
)	O
on	O
mice	O
suffering	O
from	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
AAP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
the	O
AAP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
involves	O
a	O
step	O
which	O
depends	O
on	O
adenoribosylation	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
investigates	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
diet	O
free	O
of	O
precursors	O
of	O
NAD	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
substrate	O
on	O
which	O
PARP	O
acts	O
,	O
in	O
female	O
NMRI	O
mice	O
with	O
AAP	B-Chemical
hepatitis	B-Disease
and	O
evaluates	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
simultaneous	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
in	O
these	O
animals	O
.	O

Liver	B-Disease
injuries	I-Disease
were	O
quantified	O
as	O
serum	O
activities	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
-	O
oxaloacetate	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
(	O
GOT	O
)	O
and	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
-	O
pyruvate	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
(	O
GPT	O
)	O
.	O

While	O
AAP	B-Chemical
caused	O
a	O
117	O
-	O
fold	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
transaminase	O
activities	O
in	O
mice	O
kept	O
on	O
a	O
standard	O
laboratory	O
diet	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
significantly	O
exacerbated	O
by	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
and	O
inhibited	O
by	O
nicotinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
amide	I-Chemical
(	O
NAA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
noted	O
in	O
animals	O
fed	O
a	O
diet	O
free	O
of	O
precursors	O
of	O
NAD	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
these	O
animals	O
,	O
only	O
minor	O
increases	O
of	O
serum	O
transaminase	O
activities	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
unlike	O
the	O
exacerbation	O
caused	O
by	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
on	O
a	O
standard	O
diet	O
,	O
the	O
liver	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
was	O
inhibited	O
by	O
50	O
%	O
by	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
further	O
64	O
%	O
reduction	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
,	O
when	O
NAA	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
to	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
/	O
AAP	B-Chemical
-	O
mice	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
provide	O
evidence	O
that	O
the	O
AAP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
and	O
its	O
exacerbation	O
by	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
can	O
either	O
be	O
reduced	O
by	O
end	O
-	O
product	O
inhibition	O
of	O
PARP	O
by	O
NAA	B-Chemical
or	O
by	O
dietary	O
depletion	O
of	O
the	O
enzyme	O
'	O
s	O
substrate	O
NAD	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
see	O
the	O
main	O
application	O
of	O
NAA	B-Chemical
as	O
for	O
the	O
combinational	O
use	O
in	O
pharmaceutical	O
preparations	O
of	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
in	O
order	O
to	O
avoid	O
hepatic	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
this	O
widely	O
used	O
analgesic	O
.	O

Nightmares	O
and	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
after	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
intake	O
of	O
tramadol	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
antidepressants	O
.	O

Tramadol	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
weak	O
opioid	O
with	O
effects	O
on	O
adrenergic	O
and	O
serotonergic	O
neurotransmission	O
that	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
cancer	B-Disease
pain	B-Disease
and	O
chronic	O
non	O
malignant	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
drug	O
was	O
initiated	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
dosulepine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
in	O
a	O
tetraparetic	B-Disease
patient	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Fifty	O
-	O
six	O
days	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
the	O
patient	O
presented	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
that	O
only	O
stopped	O
after	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
psycho	O
-	O
active	O
drugs	O
and	O
tramadol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
case	O
report	O
questions	O
the	O
long	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
killers	O
combined	O
with	O
psycho	O
-	O
active	O
drugs	O
in	O
chronic	O
non	O
malignant	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
especially	O
if	O
pain	B-Disease
is	O
under	O
control	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
and	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
therapy	O
on	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Hypotension	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
major	O
contributor	O
to	O
mortality	O
in	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	O
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

Recent	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressants	O
inhibit	O
calcium	B-Chemical
influx	O
in	O
some	O
tissues	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
addressed	O
the	O
potential	O
role	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockade	O
in	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Two	O
interventions	O
were	O
studied	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
shown	O
previously	O
to	O
improve	O
blood	O
pressure	O
with	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

CaCl2	B-Chemical
and	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
.	O

Anesthetized	O
rats	O
received	O
the	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
IP	O
to	O
produce	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
QRS	O
prolongation	O
,	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Fifteen	O
min	O
later	O
,	O
animals	O
received	O
CaCl2	B-Chemical
,	O
NaHCO3	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
saline	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
second	O
experiment	O
,	O
rats	O
received	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
IP	O
followed	O
in	O
15	O
min	O
by	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
or	O
saline	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
NaHCO3	B-Chemical
briefly	O
(	O
5	O
min	O
)	O
reversed	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
QRS	O
prolongation	O
.	O

CaCl2	B-Chemical
and	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
failed	O
to	O
improve	O
blood	O
pressure	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
004	O
)	O
and	O
seizures	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
CaCl2	B-Chemical
group	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
the	O
other	O
groups	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
administration	O
of	O
CaCl2	B-Chemical
or	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
did	O
not	O
reverse	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

CaCl2	B-Chemical
therapy	O
may	O
possibly	O
worsen	O
both	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
findings	O
do	O
not	O
support	O
a	O
role	O
for	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
inhibition	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Valsartan	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
new	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
essential	O
hypertension	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
comparative	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
against	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
compare	O
the	O
antihypertensive	O
efficacy	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
,	O
with	O
a	O
reference	O
therapy	O
,	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
sixty	O
-	O
eight	O
adult	O
outpatients	O
with	O
mild	O
to	O
moderate	O
hypertension	B-Disease
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
in	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
fashion	O
and	O
equal	O
number	O
to	O
receive	O
80	O
mg	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
or	O
5	O
mg	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
for	O
12	O
weeks	O
.	O

After	O
8	O
weeks	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
in	O
patients	O
whose	O
blood	O
pressure	O
remained	O
uncontrolled	O
,	O
5	O
mg	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
was	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
initial	O
therapy	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
assessed	O
at	O
4	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
12	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
efficacy	O
variable	O
was	O
change	O
from	O
baseline	O
in	O
mean	O
sitting	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
at	O
8	O
weeks	O
.	O

Secondary	O
variables	O
included	O
change	O
in	O
sitting	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
responder	O
rates	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Both	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
and	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
were	O
effective	O
at	O
lowering	O
blood	O
pressure	O
at	O
4	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
12	O
weeks	O
.	O

Similar	O
decreases	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
statistically	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
groups	O
for	O
any	O
variable	O
analyzed	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
primary	O
variable	O
the	O
difference	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mm	O
Hg	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
68	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
.	O

Responder	O
rates	O
at	O
8	O
weeks	O
were	O
66	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
for	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
and	O
60	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
for	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
39	O
)	O
.	O

Both	O
treatments	O
were	O
well	O
tolerated	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
related	O
dependent	O
edema	B-Disease
was	O
somewhat	O
higher	O
in	O
the	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
particularly	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
10	O
mg	O
per	O
day	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
for	O
80	O
mg	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
;	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
for	O
5	O
mg	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
;	O
0	O
%	O
for	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
plus	O
5	O
mg	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
;	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	O
10	O
mg	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
data	O
show	O
that	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
is	O
at	O
least	O
as	O
effective	O
as	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
mild	O
to	O
moderate	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
results	O
also	O
show	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
to	O
be	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
suggest	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
side	O
effects	O
characteristic	O
of	O
this	O
comparator	O
class	O
,	O
dihydropyridine	B-Chemical
calcium	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
.	O

A	O
measure	O
of	O
pupillary	B-Disease
oscillation	I-Disease
as	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
paranoia	B-Disease
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
paranoia	B-Disease
(	O
CIP	B-Disease
)	O
remains	O
an	O
important	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
model	O
of	O
idiopathic	O
paranoia	B-Disease
for	O
which	O
no	O
psychophysiologic	O
marker	O
has	O
yet	O
emerged	O
.	O

Measures	O
of	O
pupillary	B-Disease
oscillation	I-Disease
were	O
able	O
to	O
significantly	O
distinguish	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
abstinent	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
abusers	O
endorsing	O
past	O
CIP	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
32	O
)	O
from	O
another	O
group	O
of	O
crack	B-Chemical
addicts	O
who	O
denied	O
past	O
CIP	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
29	O
)	O
.	O

Serotonin	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
from	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
-	O
tranylcypromine	B-Chemical
interaction	O
.	O

Excessive	O
stimulation	O
of	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
5HT1A	O
receptors	O
causes	O
a	O
syndrome	O
of	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
excess	O
that	O
consists	O
of	O
shivering	O
,	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
,	O
salivation	B-Disease
,	O
confusion	B-Disease
,	O
agitation	B-Disease
and	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
cause	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
is	O
an	O
interaction	O
between	O
a	O
monoamine	O
oxidase	O
inhibitor	O
(	O
MAOI	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
specific	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

Venlafaxine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
new	O
antidepressant	O
agent	O
that	O
inhibits	O
the	O
reuptake	O
of	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
and	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
-	O
MAOI	O
interaction	O
that	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
serotonin	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
23	O
-	O
y	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
who	O
was	O
taking	O
tranylcypromine	B-Chemical
for	O
depression	B-Disease
.	O

He	O
had	O
been	O
well	O
until	O
the	O
morning	O
of	O
presentation	O
when	O
he	O
took	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
tab	O
of	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

Within	O
2	O
h	O
he	O
became	O
confused	O
with	O
jerking	O
movements	O
of	O
his	O
extremities	O
,	O
tremors	B-Disease
and	O
rigidity	B-Disease
.	O

He	O
was	O
brought	O
directly	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	O
where	O
he	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
agitated	O
and	O
confused	O
with	O
shivering	O
,	O
myoclonic	B-Disease
jerks	I-Disease
,	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
salivation	B-Disease
and	O
diaphoresis	O
.	O

His	O
pupils	O
were	O
7	O
mm	O
and	O
sluggishly	O
reactive	O
to	O
light	O
.	O

Vital	O
signs	O
were	O
:	O
blood	O
pressure	O
120	O
/	O
67	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
127	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
respiratory	O
rate	O
28	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
and	O
temperature	O
97	O
F	O
.	O

After	O
180	O
mg	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
he	O
remained	O
tremulous	O
with	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
and	O
clenched	O
jaws	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
intubated	O
for	O
airway	O
protection	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
hypoventilation	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
was	O
paralyzed	B-Disease
to	O
control	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
.	O

His	O
subsequent	O
course	O
was	O
remarkable	O
for	O
non	O
-	O
immune	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
which	O
resolved	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
maximal	O
temperature	O
was	O
101	O
.	O
2	O
F	O
and	O
his	O
CPK	O
remained	O
<	O
500	O
units	O
/	O
L	O
with	O
no	O
other	O
evidence	O
of	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
.	O

His	O
mental	O
status	O
normalized	O
and	O
he	O
was	O
transferred	O
to	O
a	O
psychiatry	O
ward	O
.	O

This	O
patient	O
survived	O
without	O
sequelae	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
aggressive	O
sedation	O
and	O
neuromuscular	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
associated	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
-	O
-	O
a	O
highly	O
aggressive	O
disease	O
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
12	O
cases	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
We	O
gained	O
knowledge	O
of	O
the	O
etiology	O
,	O
treatment	O
and	O
prevention	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
associated	O
urothelial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
medical	O
records	O
of	O
6	O
men	O
and	O
6	O
women	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
55	O
years	O
)	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
associated	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
were	O
reviewed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
tumors	B-Disease
were	O
grade	O
3	O
or	O
4	O
transitional	O
cell	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
.	O

Of	O
the	O
5	O
patients	O
initially	O
treated	O
with	O
endoscopic	O
resection	O
alone	O
only	O
1	O
is	O
alive	O
without	O
disease	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
6	O
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
early	O
cystectomy	O
4	O
were	O
alive	O
at	O
24	O
to	O
111	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
patient	O
with	O
extensive	O
cancer	B-Disease
underwent	O
partial	O
cystectomy	O
for	O
palliation	O
and	O
died	O
3	O
months	O
later	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
associated	O
bladder	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
is	O
an	O
aggressive	O
disease	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
survival	O
is	O
possible	O
when	O
radical	O
cystectomy	O
is	O
performed	O
for	O
bladder	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
with	O
any	O
sign	O
of	O
invasion	O
and	O
for	O
recurrent	O
high	O
grade	O
disease	O
,	O
even	O
when	O
noninvasive	O
.	O

A	O
phase	O
I	O
clinical	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
antipurine	B-Chemical
antifolate	O
lometrexol	B-Chemical
(	O
DDATHF	B-Chemical
)	O
given	O
with	O
oral	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Lometrexol	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
antifolate	O
which	O
inhibits	O
glycinamide	B-Chemical
ribonucleotide	I-Chemical
formyltransferase	O
(	O
GARFT	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
enzyme	O
essential	O
for	O
de	O
novo	O
purine	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
.	O

Extensive	O
experimental	O
and	O
limited	O
clinical	O
data	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
lometrexol	B-Chemical
has	O
activity	O
against	O
tumours	B-Disease
which	O
are	O
refractory	O
to	O
other	O
drugs	O
,	O
notably	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
initial	O
clinical	O
development	O
of	O
lometrexol	B-Chemical
was	O
curtailed	O
because	O
of	O
severe	O
and	O
cumulative	O
antiproliferative	O
toxicities	B-Disease
.	O

Preclinical	O
murine	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
the	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
lometrexol	B-Chemical
can	O
be	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
dose	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
prior	O
to	O
and	O
7	O
days	O
following	O
a	O
single	O
bolus	O
dose	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
prompted	O
a	O
Phase	O
I	O
clinical	O
study	O
of	O
lometrexol	B-Chemical
given	O
with	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
supplementation	O
which	O
has	O
confirmed	O
that	O
the	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
lometrexol	B-Chemical
can	O
be	O
markedly	O
reduced	O
by	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
supplementation	O
.	O

Thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
and	O
mucositis	B-Disease
were	O
the	O
major	O
toxicities	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
clear	O
relationship	O
between	O
clinical	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
plasma	O
folate	B-Chemical
elevation	O
.	O

Associated	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
lometrexol	B-Chemical
plasma	O
pharmacokinetics	O
were	O
not	O
altered	O
by	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
administration	O
indicating	O
that	O
supplementation	O
is	O
unlikely	O
to	O
reduce	O
toxicity	B-Disease
by	O
enhancing	O
lometrexol	B-Chemical
plasma	O
clearance	O
.	O

The	O
work	O
described	O
in	O
this	O
report	O
has	O
identified	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
a	O
clinically	O
acceptable	O
schedule	O
for	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
GARFT	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

This	O
information	O
will	O
facilitate	O
the	O
future	O
evaluation	O
of	O
this	O
class	O
of	O
compounds	O
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
therapy	O
.	O

Fatal	O
excited	O
delirium	B-Disease
following	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
:	O
epidemiologic	O
findings	O
provide	O
new	O
evidence	O
for	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
an	O
outbreak	O
of	O
deaths	O
from	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
excited	O
delirium	B-Disease
(	O
EDDs	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
Dade	O
County	O
,	O
Florida	O
between	O
1979	O
and	O
1990	O
.	O

From	O
a	O
registry	O
of	O
all	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
deaths	O
in	O
Dade	O
County	O
,	O
Florida	O
,	O
from	O
1969	O
-	O
1990	O
,	O
58	O
EDDs	B-Disease
were	O
compared	O
with	O
125	O
victims	O
of	O
accidental	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
without	O
excited	O
delirium	B-Disease
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
controls	O
,	O
EDDs	B-Disease
were	O
more	O
frequently	O
black	O
,	O
male	O
,	O
and	O
younger	O
.	O

They	O
were	O
less	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
low	O
body	O
mass	O
index	O
,	O
and	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
died	O
in	O
police	O
custody	O
,	O
to	O
have	O
received	O
medical	O
treatment	O
immediately	O
before	O
death	O
,	O
to	O
have	O
survived	O
for	O
a	O
longer	O
period	O
,	O
to	O
have	O
developed	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
to	O
have	O
died	O
in	O
summer	O
months	O
.	O

EDDs	B-Disease
had	O
concentrations	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
benzoylecgonine	B-Chemical
in	O
autopsy	O
blood	O
that	O
were	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
for	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
epidemiologic	O
findings	O
are	O
most	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
chronic	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
disrupts	O
dopaminergic	O
function	O
and	O
,	O
when	O
coupled	O
with	O
recent	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
may	O
precipitate	O
agitation	B-Disease
,	O
delirium	B-Disease
,	O
aberrant	O
thermoregulation	O
,	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
sudden	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
.	O

Pemoline	B-Chemical
induced	O
acute	O
choreoathetosis	B-Disease
:	O
case	O
report	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Pemoline	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
oxazolidine	B-Chemical
derivative	O
that	O
is	O
structurally	O
different	O
from	O
amphetamines	B-Chemical
and	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
attention	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Pemoline	B-Chemical
has	O
not	O
been	O
commonly	O
associated	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
as	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
acute	O
movement	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
following	O
case	O
describes	O
two	O
children	O
acutely	O
poisoned	O
with	O
pemoline	B-Chemical
who	O
experienced	O
profound	O
choreoathetosis	B-Disease
.	O

CASE	O
REPORT	O
:	O
Two	O
,	O
3	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
,	O
identical	O
twin	O
siblings	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
after	O
found	O
playing	O
with	O
a	O
an	O
empty	O
bottle	O
of	O
pemoline	B-Chemical
originally	O
containing	O
59	O
tablets	O
.	O

The	O
children	O
had	O
a	O
medical	O
history	O
significant	O
for	O
attention	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
previously	O
treated	O
with	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
without	O
success	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
their	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
pemoline	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
choreoathetoid	B-Disease
movements	O
began	O
45	O
min	O
to	O
1	O
h	O
after	O
ingestion	O
.	O

The	O
children	O
gave	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
prior	O
movement	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
and	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
family	O
history	O
of	O
movement	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
children	O
received	O
gastrointestinal	O
decontamination	O
and	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
intravenous	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
control	O
the	O
choreoathetoid	B-Disease
movements	O
.	O

Despite	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
children	O
continued	O
to	O
have	O
choreoathetosis	B-Disease
for	O
approximately	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
eight	O
hours	O
after	O
admission	O
,	O
the	O
children	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
at	O
their	O
baseline	O
and	O
were	O
discharged	O
home	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Pemoline	B-Chemical
associated	O
movement	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
rarely	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
toxicology	O
literature	O
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
choreoathetoid	B-Disease
movements	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
patients	O
presenting	O
after	O
pemoline	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
myopic	O
excimer	O
laser	O
photorefractive	O
keratectomy	O
on	O
the	O
electrophysiologic	O
function	O
of	O
the	O
retina	O
and	O
optic	O
nerve	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
by	O
electrophysiologic	O
testing	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
photorefractive	O
keratectomy	O
(	O
PRK	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
retina	O
and	O
optic	O
nerve	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Eye	O
Clinic	O
,	O
S	O
.	O

Salvatore	O
Hospital	O
,	O
L	O
'	O
Aquila	O
University	O
,	O
Italy	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Standard	O
pattern	O
electroretinograms	O
(	O
P	O
-	O
ERGs	O
)	O
and	O
standard	O
pattern	O
visual	O
evoked	O
potentials	O
(	O
P	O
-	O
VEPs	O
)	O
were	O
done	O
in	O
25	O
eyes	O
of	O
25	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
myopic	O
PRK	O
for	O
an	O
attempted	O
correction	O
between	O
5	O
.	O
00	O
and	O
15	O
.	O
00	O
diopters	O
(	O
D	O
)	O
(	O
mean	O
8	O
.	O
00	O
D	O
)	O
.	O

Testing	O
was	O
done	O
preoperatively	O
and	O
3	O
,	O
6	O
,	O
12	O
,	O
and	O
18	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
.	O

The	O
contralateral	O
eyes	O
served	O
as	O
controls	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
,	O
3	O
patients	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
steroid	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
elevated	B-Disease
intraocular	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
(	O
IOP	O
)	O
that	O
resolved	O
after	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
discontinued	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
No	O
statistically	O
significant	O
differences	O
were	O
seen	O
between	O
treated	O
and	O
control	O
eyes	O
nor	O
between	O
treated	O
eyes	O
preoperatively	O
and	O
postoperatively	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Myopic	O
excimer	O
laser	O
PRK	O
did	O
not	O
seem	O
to	O
affect	O
the	O
posterior	O
segment	O
.	O

The	O
transient	O
steroid	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
IOP	B-Disease
rise	I-Disease
did	O
not	O
seem	O
to	O
cause	O
functional	O
impairment	O
.	O

Neutrophil	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
and	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
peroxide	I-Chemical
production	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Defects	O
in	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
and	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
peroxide	I-Chemical
production	O
may	O
be	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
bacterial	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
ALF	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
radical	O
production	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
ALF	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
was	O
compared	O
with	O
that	O
of	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
.	O

Neutrophils	O
from	O
14	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
were	O
stimulated	O
via	O
the	O
complement	O
receptors	O
using	O
zymosan	O
opsonized	O
with	O
ALF	B-Disease
or	O
control	O
serum	O
.	O

Superoxide	B-Chemical
and	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
peroxide	I-Chemical
production	O
by	O
ALF	B-Disease
neutrophils	O
stimulated	O
with	O
zymosan	O
opsonized	O
with	O
ALF	B-Disease
serum	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
control	O
subjects	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
defect	O
persisted	O
when	O
zymosan	O
opsonized	O
by	O
control	O
serum	O
was	O
used	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Superoxide	B-Chemical
and	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
peroxide	I-Chemical
production	O
in	O
neutrophils	O
stimulated	O
with	O
formyl	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methionyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
leucyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenylalanine	I-Chemical
(	O
fMLP	B-Chemical
)	O
from	O
a	O
further	O
18	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
was	O
unaffected	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
neutrophils	O
.	O

Serum	O
C3	O
complement	O
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
in	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
subjects	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0005	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
a	O
neutrophil	O
defect	O
in	O
ALF	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
,	O
that	O
is	O
complement	O
dependent	O
but	O
independent	O
of	O
serum	O
complement	O
,	O
possibly	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
complement	O
receptor	O
.	O

Cholesteryl	B-Chemical
hemisuccinate	I-Chemical
treatment	O
protects	O
rodents	O
from	O
the	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
,	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
,	O
carbon	B-Chemical
tetrachloride	I-Chemical
,	O
chloroform	B-Chemical
and	O
galactosamine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
stabilizer	O
/	O
rigidifier	O
of	O
membranes	O
,	O
cholesteryl	B-Chemical
hemisuccinate	I-Chemical
,	O
tris	B-Chemical
salt	I-Chemical
(	O
CS	B-Chemical
)	O
administration	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
protect	O
rats	O
from	O
the	O
hepatotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
carbon	B-Chemical
tetrachloride	I-Chemical
(	O
CCl4	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

To	O
further	O
our	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
CS	B-Chemical
cytoprotection	O
,	O
we	O
examined	O
in	O
rats	O
and	O
mice	O
the	O
protective	O
abilities	O
of	O
CS	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
hydrolyzable	O
ether	O
form	O
of	O
CS	B-Chemical
,	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
cholesteryloxybutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
tris	B-Chemical
salt	I-Chemical
(	O
CSE	B-Chemical
)	O
against	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
,	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
,	O
carbon	B-Chemical
tetrachloride	I-Chemical
-	O
,	O
chloroform	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
galactosamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
these	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
CS	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
protection	O
is	O
not	O
selective	O
for	O
a	O
particular	O
species	O
,	O
organ	O
system	O
or	O
toxic	O
chemical	O
.	O

A	O
24	O
-	O
h	O
pretreatment	O
of	O
both	O
rats	O
and	O
mice	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
CS	B-Chemical
(	O
100mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
resulted	O
in	O
significant	O
protection	O
against	O
the	O
hepatotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
CCl4	B-Chemical
,	O
CHCl3	B-Chemical
,	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
and	O
galactosamine	B-Chemical
and	O
against	O
the	O
lethal	O
(	O
and	O
presumably	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
)	O
effect	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Maximal	O
CS	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
protection	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
experimental	O
animals	O
pretreated	O
24	O
h	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
toxic	O
insult	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
CS	B-Chemical
intervenes	O
in	O
a	O
critical	O
cellular	O
event	O
that	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
common	O
pathway	O
to	O
toxic	O
cell	O
death	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
CS	B-Chemical
protection	O
does	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
dependent	O
on	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
chemical	O
bioactivation	O
to	O
a	O
toxic	O
reactive	O
intermediate	O
(	O
in	O
light	O
of	O
the	O
protection	O
observed	O
against	O
galactosamine	B-Chemical
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
data	O
presented	O
,	O
we	O
can	O
not	O
exclude	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
CS	B-Chemical
administration	O
inhibits	O
chemical	O
bioactivation	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
do	O
suggest	O
that	O
CS	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
protection	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
the	O
action	O
of	O
the	O
intact	O
anionic	O
CS	B-Chemical
molecule	O
(	O
non	O
-	O
hydrolyzable	O
CSE	B-Chemical
was	O
as	O
protective	O
as	O
CS	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
whose	O
mechanism	O
has	O
yet	O
to	O
be	O
defined	O
.	O

A	O
murine	O
model	O
of	O
adenomyosis	B-Disease
:	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
on	O
adenomyosis	B-Disease
induction	O
in	O
Wistar	O
albino	O
rats	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
given	O
to	O
castrated	O
and	O
noncastrated	O
rats	O
caused	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
and	O
its	O
effects	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
adenomyosis	B-Disease
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
Wistar	O
Albino	O
rats	O
for	O
98	O
days	O
to	O
produce	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
drug	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
two	O
groups	O
consisting	O
of	O
castrated	O
and	O
noncastrated	O
rats	O
and	O
compared	O
to	O
two	O
groups	O
of	O
castrated	O
and	O
noncastrated	O
controls	O
.	O

Prolactin	O
levels	O
were	O
measured	O
and	O
the	O
uteri	O
of	O
the	O
rats	O
were	O
removed	O
for	O
histopathological	O
analysis	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
98	O
days	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Marmara	O
University	O
School	O
of	O
Medicine	O
,	O
Department	O
of	O
Histology	O
and	O
Embryology	O
,	O
Zeynep	O
Kamil	O
Women	O
and	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
.	O

MAIN	O
OUTCOME	O
MEASURES	O
:	O
Serum	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
,	O
uterine	O
histopathology	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
of	O
castrated	O
and	O
noncastrated	O
groups	O
treated	O
with	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
were	O
statistically	O
significantly	O
higher	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
their	O
respective	O
control	O
groups	O
.	O

Histological	O
studies	O
revealed	O
11	O
cases	O
of	O
adenomyosis	B-Disease
,	O
all	O
within	O
the	O
noncastrated	O
group	O
receiving	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
It	O
was	O
suggested	O
that	O
high	O
serum	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
cause	O
degeneration	O
of	O
myometrial	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
ovarian	O
steroids	B-Chemical
that	O
results	O
in	O
a	O
myometrial	O
invasion	O
by	O
endometrial	O
stroma	O
.	O

This	O
invasion	O
eventually	O
progresses	O
to	O
adenomyosis	B-Disease
.	O

Postinfarction	O
ventricular	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
defect	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
postinfarction	O
ventricular	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
rupture	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
on	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
are	O
presented	O
and	O
the	O
favourable	O
outcome	O
in	O
both	O
cases	O
described	O
.	O

A	O
possible	O
association	O
between	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
subsequent	O
postinfarction	O
septal	B-Disease
rupture	I-Disease
is	O
discussed	O
.	O

Neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
protect	O
against	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
limbic	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Several	O
structurally	O
related	O
metabolites	O
of	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
(	O
3	B-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
pregnane	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ones	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
deoxycorticosterone	B-Chemical
(	O
3	B-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
pregnane	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
21	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diol	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ones	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
their	O
3	O
beta	O
-	O
epimers	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
protective	O
activity	O
against	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
,	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
and	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Steroids	B-Chemical
with	O
the	O
3	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
group	O
in	O
the	O
alpha	O
-	O
position	O
and	O
5	O
-	O
H	O
in	O
the	O
alpha	O
-	O
or	O
beta	O
-	O
configurations	O
were	O
highly	O
effective	O
in	O
protecting	O
against	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
(	O
416	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
limbic	O
motor	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
ED50	O
values	O
,	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
-	O
18	O
.	O
7	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
corresponding	O
epimers	O
with	O
the	O
3	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
group	O
in	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
position	O
were	O
also	O
effective	O
but	O
less	O
potent	O
(	O
ED50	O
values	O
,	O
33	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
63	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
were	O
considerably	O
less	O
potent	O
than	O
the	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
clonazepam	B-Chemical
in	O
protecting	O
against	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
steroids	B-Chemical
with	O
the	O
5	O
alpha	O
,	O
3	O
alpha	O
-	O
configuration	O
had	O
comparable	O
or	O
higher	O
protective	O
index	O
values	O
(	O
TD50	O
for	O
motor	O
impairment	O
divided	O
by	O
ED50	O
for	O
seizure	B-Disease
protection	O
)	O
than	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
some	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
lower	O
relative	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Steroids	B-Chemical
with	O
the	O
5	O
alpha	O
,	O
3	O
alpha	O
-	O
or	O
5	O
beta	O
,	O
3	O
alpha	O
-	O
configurations	O
also	O
produced	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
delay	O
in	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
limbic	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
32	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
completely	O
protect	O
against	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
when	O
a	O
second	O
dose	O
of	O
the	O
steroid	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
1	O
hr	O
after	O
the	O
first	O
dose	O
,	O
complete	O
protection	O
from	O
the	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
limbic	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
was	O
obtained	O
.	O

The	O
steroids	B-Chemical
also	O
caused	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
delay	O
in	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
(	O
257	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
lethality	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
completely	O
protect	O
against	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
seizures	B-Disease
or	O
lethality	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
are	O
highly	O
effective	O
in	O
protecting	O
against	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
of	O
utility	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
some	O
forms	O
of	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
in	O
humans	O
.	O

Hepatic	O
and	O
extrahepatic	O
angiotensinogen	O
gene	O
expression	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
acute	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Plasma	O
concentration	O
and	O
urine	O
excretion	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
proteins	O
are	O
altered	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
NS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
work	O
the	O
messenger	O
ribonucleic	O
acid	O
(	O
mRNA	O
)	O
levels	O
of	O
angiotensinogen	O
(	O
Ao	O
)	O
were	O
analyzed	O
with	O
the	O
slot	O
-	O
blot	O
hybridization	O
technique	O
in	O
liver	O
and	O
other	O
extrahepatic	O
tissues	O
:	O
kidney	O
,	O
heart	O
,	O
brain	O
,	O
and	O
adrenal	O
gland	O
from	O
control	O
,	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
pair	O
-	O
fed	O
(	O
PF	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

NS	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
amino	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
great	O
urinary	O
excretion	O
and	O
half	O
-	O
normal	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
Ao	O
were	O
observed	O
on	O
day	O
6	O
after	O
PAN	B-Chemical
injection	O
,	O
when	O
NS	B-Disease
was	O
clearly	O
established	O
,	O
hepatic	O
Ao	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
Ao	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
in	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
extrahepatic	O
tissues	O
studied	O
on	O
day	O
6	O
,	O
nor	O
did	O
its	O
hepatic	O
levels	O
at	O
days	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
or	O
7	O
after	O
PAN	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
hepatic	O
and	O
extrahepatic	O
Ao	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
are	O
unaltered	O
during	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
acute	O
NS	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
PAN	B-Chemical
.	O

Neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

Neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptor	O
blockade	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
of	O
the	O
basal	O
ganglia	O
.	O

Risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
benzisoxazole	B-Chemical
derivative	O
antipsychotic	O
,	O
has	O
high	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
5	O
-	O
HT2	O
receptor	O
blockade	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
D2	O
receptor	O
blockade	O
.	O

The	O
high	O
ratio	O
is	O
believed	O
to	O
impart	O
the	O
low	O
frequency	O
of	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
at	O
low	O
dosages	O
.	O

With	O
this	O
low	O
frequency	O
of	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
,	O
it	O
was	O
thought	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
might	O
also	O
be	O
lowered	O
.	O

A	O
73	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
developed	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
after	O
monotherapy	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
syndrome	O
reversed	O
after	O
discontinuing	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
and	O
starting	O
treatment	O
with	O
dantrolene	B-Chemical
and	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
appears	O
that	O
the	O
protection	O
from	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
observed	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
ensure	O
protection	O
from	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
attenuating	O
effect	O
of	O
carteolol	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
on	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
known	O
that	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonists	O
are	O
effective	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
that	O
occur	O
during	O
neuroleptic	O
treatment	O
.	O

Neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
,	O
was	O
considered	O
suitable	O
as	O
a	O
model	O
for	O
predicting	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
akathisia	B-Disease
in	O
humans	O
,	O
although	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
considered	O
a	O
specific	O
test	O
for	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
akathisia	B-Disease
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
carteolol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
on	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
were	O
behaviorally	O
studied	O
and	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
biperiden	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
muscarinic	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
.	O

Carteolol	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
biperiden	B-Chemical
,	O
inhibited	O
the	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
of	O
carteolol	B-Chemical
was	O
almost	O
comparable	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
was	O
weaker	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
biperiden	B-Chemical
.	O

Carteolol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
evoke	O
postsynaptic	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
-	O
stimulating	O
behavioral	O
signs	O
such	O
as	O
stereotypy	O
and	O
hyperlocomotion	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Carteolol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
antagonize	O
the	O
inhibitory	O
effects	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
on	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
stereotypy	O
and	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
carteolol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
evoke	O
5	O
-	O
HT1A	O
receptor	O
-	O
stimulating	O
behavioral	O
signs	O
such	O
as	O
flat	O
body	O
posture	O
and	O
forepaw	O
treading	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
inhibit	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptophan	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
head	O
twitch	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
carteolol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
inhibit	O
physostigmine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lethality	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
strongly	O
suggest	O
that	O
carteolol	B-Chemical
improves	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
via	O
its	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonistic	O
activity	O
and	O
is	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
without	O
attenuating	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
antipsychotic	O
effects	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
postsynaptic	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonistic	O
activity	O
.	O

Granulosa	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
ovary	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
antecedent	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Increased	O
attention	O
has	O
been	O
focused	O
recently	O
on	O
the	O
estrogenic	O
effects	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
.	O

Review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
reveals	O
an	O
association	O
between	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
use	O
and	O
gynecologic	O
tumors	B-Disease
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
A	O
52	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
postmenopausal	O
woman	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
for	O
stage	O
II	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
receptor	O
-	O
positive	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

Her	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
and	O
alanine	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
levels	O
increase	O
markedly	O
after	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

After	O
an	O
additional	O
17	O
months	O
of	O
elevated	O
serum	O
transaminases	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
stage	O
Ic	O
granulosa	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
ovary	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
at	O
increased	O
risk	O
for	O
granulosa	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
because	O
of	O
alterations	O
in	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
.	O

Lifetime	O
treatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
azidothymidine	B-Chemical
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
produces	O
myelodysplasia	B-Disease
.	O

AZT	B-Chemical
has	O
induced	O
a	O
macrocytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
AIDS	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
long	O
term	O
AZT	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
generally	O
assumed	O
that	O
DNA	O
elongation	O
is	O
stopped	O
by	O
the	O
insertion	O
of	O
AZT	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
chain	O
in	O
place	O
of	O
thymidine	B-Chemical
thus	O
preventing	O
the	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
hydroxyl	O
linkages	O
and	O
therefore	O
suppresses	O
hemopoietic	O
progenitor	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
in	O
an	O
early	O
stage	O
of	O
differentiation	O
.	O

CBA	O
/	O
Ca	O
male	O
mice	O
started	O
on	O
AZT	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
H2O	O
at	O
84	O
days	O
of	O
age	O
and	O
kept	O
on	O
it	O
for	O
687	O
days	O
when	O
dosage	O
reduced	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
H2O	O
for	O
a	O
group	O
,	O
another	O
group	O
removed	O
from	O
AZT	B-Chemical
to	O
see	O
recovery	O
,	O
and	O
third	O
group	O
remained	O
on	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
.	O

At	O
687	O
days	O
mice	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
on	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
had	O
average	O
platelet	O
counts	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

Histological	O
examination	O
on	O
9	O
of	O
10	O
mice	O
with	O
such	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
showed	O
changes	O
compatible	O
with	O
myelodysplastic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
MDS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

A	O
variety	O
of	O
histological	O
patterns	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
hypocellular	O
myelodysplasia	B-Disease
,	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
hypersegmented	O
myelodysplastic	B-Disease
granulocytosis	O
,	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
hypercellular	O
marrow	O
with	O
abnormal	O
megakaryocytes	O
with	O
bizarre	O
nuclei	O
,	O
one	O
case	O
of	O
megakaryocytic	O
myelosis	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
hyperplastic	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
,	O
dysmyelopoiesis	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
hypocellular	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
and	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
myelodysplasia	B-Disease
with	O
dyserythropoiesis	B-Disease
,	O
hemosiderosis	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
hypocellular	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
.	O

Above	O
mentioned	O
AZT	B-Chemical
incorporation	O
may	O
have	O
induced	O
an	O
ineffective	O
hemopoiesis	O
in	O
the	O
primitive	O
hemopoietic	O
progenitor	O
cells	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
seen	O
commonly	O
in	O
the	O
myelodysplastic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Biphasic	O
response	O
of	O
the	O
SA	O
node	O
of	O
the	O
dog	O
heart	O
in	O
vivo	O
to	O
selective	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
SA	O
node	O
of	O
the	O
dog	O
heart	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
vivo	O
using	O
a	O
selective	O
perfusion	O
technique	O
of	O
the	O
SA	O
node	O
artery	O
.	O

Injections	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
in	O
doses	O
from	O
100	O
microgram	O
to	O
3	O
mg	O
into	O
the	O
artery	O
produced	O
a	O
depression	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
SA	O
nodal	O
activity	O
by	O
a	O
direct	O
action	O
.	O

This	O
depression	B-Disease
was	O
followed	O
by	O
the	O
sudden	O
appearance	O
of	O
a	O
stimulatory	O
phase	O
.	O

Bilateral	O
vagotomy	O
and	O
sympathectomy	O
or	O
prior	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
ganglion	O
blocker	O
failed	O
to	O
inhibit	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
the	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
it	O
was	O
completely	O
abolished	O
in	O
the	O
reserpinized	O
dogs	O
or	O
by	O
a	O
prior	O
injection	O
of	O
a	O
beta	O
-	O
blocking	O
agent	O
into	O
the	O
SA	O
node	O
artery	O
.	O

This	O
may	O
indicate	O
that	O
an	O
activation	O
of	O
the	O
peripheral	O
adrenergic	O
mechanism	O
plays	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
the	O
excitatory	O
effect	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
injected	O
in	O
the	O
SA	O
node	O
artery	O
.	O

Over	O
expression	O
of	O
vascular	O
endothelial	O
growth	O
factor	O
and	O
its	O
receptor	O
during	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rat	O
pituitary	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
may	O
mediate	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
initiated	O
tumor	B-Disease
angiogenesis	O
.	O

Estrogens	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
have	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
several	O
types	O
of	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
cancers	B-Disease
,	O
can	O
induce	O
tumor	B-Disease
angiogenesis	O
in	O
the	O
pituitary	O
of	O
Fischer	O
344	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
mechanistic	O
details	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
angiogenesis	O
induction	O
,	O
during	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
carcinogenesis	B-Disease
,	O
are	O
still	O
unknown	O
.	O

To	O
elucidate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
angiogenesis	O
in	O
the	O
pituitary	O
of	O
female	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
density	O
of	O
blood	O
vessels	O
was	O
analysed	O
using	O
factor	O
VIII	O
related	O
antigen	O
(	O
FVIIIRAg	O
)	O
immunohistochemistry	O
and	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
vascular	O
endothelial	O
growth	O
factor	O
/	O
vascular	O
permeability	O
factor	O
(	O
VEGF	O
/	O
VPF	O
)	O
was	O
examined	O
by	O
Western	O
blot	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
analysis	O
.	O

The	O
expression	O
of	O
VEGF	O
receptor	O
(	O
VEGFR	O
-	O
2	O
/	O
Flk	O
-	O
1	O
/	O
KDR	O
)	O
was	O
also	O
examined	O
by	O
immunohistochemistry	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
E2	B-Chemical
)	O
induces	O
neovascularization	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
growth	O
and	O
enlargement	O
of	O
blood	O
vessels	O
after	O
7	O
days	O
of	O
exposure	O
.	O

The	O
high	O
tumor	B-Disease
angiogenic	O
potential	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
elevated	O
VEGF	O
/	O
VPF	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
E2	B-Chemical
exposed	O
pituitary	O
of	O
ovariectomized	O
(	O
OVEX	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

VEGF	O
/	O
VPF	O
and	O
FVIIIRAg	O
immunohistochemistry	O
and	O
endothelial	O
specific	O
lectin	O
(	O
UEA1	O
)	O
binding	O
studies	O
,	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
VEGF	O
protein	O
expression	O
initially	O
occurred	O
in	O
both	O
blood	O
vessels	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
.	O

After	O
15	O
days	O
of	O
E2	B-Chemical
exposure	O
,	O
VEGF	O
/	O
VPF	O
protein	O
expression	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
endothelial	O
cell	O
population	O
,	O
sharply	O
declined	O
and	O
was	O
restricted	O
to	O
the	O
blood	O
vessels	O
.	O

The	O
function	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
endothelial	O
-	O
derived	O
VEGF	O
is	O
not	O
clear	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
immunohistochemical	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
VEGFR	O
-	O
2	O
(	O
flk	O
-	O
1	O
/	O
KDR	O
)	O
,	O
expression	O
was	O
elevated	O
significantly	O
in	O
the	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
of	O
microblood	O
vessels	O
after	O
7	O
days	O
of	O
E2	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
over	O
expression	O
of	O
VEGF	O
and	O
its	O
receptor	O
(	O
VEGFR	O
-	O
2	O
)	O
may	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
initial	O
step	O
of	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
induced	O
tumor	B-Disease
angiogenesis	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
pituitary	O
.	O

Persistent	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
following	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
severe	O
hypernatraemic	O
dehydration	B-Disease
following	O
a	O
head	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Ten	O
years	O
previously	O
he	O
had	O
been	O
diagnosed	O
to	O
have	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
had	O
been	O
discontinued	O
.	O

He	O
remained	O
thirsty	O
and	O
polyuric	B-Disease
despite	O
cessation	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
and	O
investigations	O
on	O
admission	O
showed	O
him	O
to	O
have	O
normal	O
osmoregulated	O
thirst	O
and	O
vasopressin	B-Chemical
secretion	O
,	O
with	O
clear	O
evidence	O
of	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
induced	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
is	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
reversible	O
on	O
cessation	O
of	O
therapy	O
but	O
polyuria	B-Disease
persisted	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
for	O
ten	O
years	O
after	O
lithium	B-Chemical
was	O
stopped	O
.	O

We	O
discuss	O
the	O
possible	O
renal	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
the	O
implications	O
for	O
management	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
NIK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
247	I-Chemical
on	O
cholinesterase	O
and	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
NIK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
247	I-Chemical
on	O
cholinesterase	O
,	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
and	O
spontaneous	O
movement	O
were	O
examined	O
and	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
cholinesterase	O
inhibitors	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
and	O
E	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2020	I-Chemical
.	O

NIK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
247	I-Chemical
,	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
and	O
E	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2020	I-Chemical
all	O
strongly	O
inhibited	O
acetylcholinesterase	O
(	O
AChE	O
)	O
in	O
human	O
red	O
blood	O
cells	O
(	O
IC50s	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
7	O
)	O
and	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
8	O
)	O
M	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
NIK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
247	I-Chemical
and	O
tacrine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
E	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2020	I-Chemical
,	O
strongly	O
inhibited	O
butyrylcholinestrase	O
(	O
BuChE	O
)	O
in	O
human	O
serum	O
.	O

All	O
three	O
drugs	O
produced	O
mixed	O
inhibition	O
of	O
AChE	O
activity	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
the	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
of	O
NIK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
247	I-Chemical
on	O
AChE	O
was	O
reversible	O
.	O

All	O
compounds	O
at	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
significantly	O
improved	O
the	O
amnesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
performing	O
a	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
compounds	O
at	O
1	O
and	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
did	O
not	O
significantly	O
decrease	O
spontaneous	O
movement	O
by	O
rats	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
NIK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
247	I-Chemical
at	O
a	O
low	O
dose	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
improves	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
but	O
does	O
not	O
affect	O
spontaneous	O
movement	O
.	O

The	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
NIK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
247	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
drug	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Potential	O
therapeutic	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
selective	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D1	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
A	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
86929	I-Chemical
:	O
an	O
acute	O
study	O
in	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
primed	O
monkeys	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
utility	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
D1	O
receptor	O
agonists	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
still	O
unclear	O
.	O

The	O
therapeutic	O
use	O
of	O
selective	O
DA	B-Chemical
D1	O
receptor	O
agonists	O
such	O
as	O
SKF	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
82958	I-Chemical
(	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
allyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1H	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
benzaze	I-Chemical
pine	I-Chemical
hydrobromide	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
A	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
77636	I-Chemical
(	O
[	B-Chemical
1R	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3S	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
admantyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminomethyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1H	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
benzo	I-Chemical
pyran	I-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
)	O
seems	O
limited	O
because	O
of	O
their	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
too	O
short	O
for	O
SKF	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
82958	I-Chemical
(	O
<	O
1	O
hr	O
)	O
and	O
too	O
long	O
for	O
A	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
77636	I-Chemical
(	O
>	O
20	O
hr	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
behavioral	O
tolerance	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
conducted	O
the	O
present	O
acute	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
study	O
in	O
four	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydropyridine	I-Chemical
(	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
exposed	O
cynomolgus	O
monkeys	O
primed	O
to	O
exhibit	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
locomotor	O
and	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
effects	O
on	O
challenge	O
with	O
four	O
doses	O
(	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
of	O
A	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
86929	I-Chemical
(	O
[	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
5aR	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
11bS	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5a	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
11b	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hexahydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
propyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
thia	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
+	I-Chemical
+	I-Chemical
+	I-Chemical
azacyclopent	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ena	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
c	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
phenathrene	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
10	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diol	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
selective	O
and	O
full	O
DA	B-Chemical
D1	O
-	O
like	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
with	O
an	O
intermediate	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
DA	B-Chemical
D2	O
-	O
like	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
LY	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
171555	I-Chemical
(	O
[	B-Chemical
4aR	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trans	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4a	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
8a	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
o	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5n	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
propyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2H	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyrazo	I-Chemical
lo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
quinoline	I-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
)	O
were	O
also	O
used	O
for	O
comparison	O
.	O

Acute	O
administration	O
of	O
A	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
86929	I-Chemical
was	O
as	O
efficacious	O
in	O
alleviating	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
as	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
and	O
LY	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
171555	I-Chemical
,	O
but	O
was	O
less	O
likely	O
to	O
reproduce	O
the	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
these	O
animals	O
than	O
with	O
either	O
LY	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
171555	I-Chemical
or	O
subsequent	O
challenge	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
.	O

Selective	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
DA	B-Chemical
D1	O
receptor	O
may	O
provide	O
better	O
integration	O
of	O
neural	O
inputs	O
transmitted	O
to	O
the	O
internal	O
segment	O
of	O
the	O
globus	O
pallidus	O
(	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
basal	O
ganglia	O
output	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
and	O
selective	O
DA	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
.	O

Potent	O
DA	B-Chemical
D1	O
receptor	O
agents	O
with	O
an	O
intermediate	O
duration	O
of	O
efficacy	O
such	O
as	O
A	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
86929	I-Chemical
(	O
approximately	O
4	O
hr	O
at	O
higher	O
doses	O
tested	O
)	O
are	O
potential	O
therapeutic	O
tools	O
in	O
PD	B-Disease
and	O
merit	O
further	O
attention	O
.	O

Neuropeptide	O
-	O
Y	O
immunoreactivity	O
in	O
the	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
of	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

Neuropeptide	O
-	O
Y	O
(	O
NPY	O
)	O
is	O
expressed	O
by	O
granule	O
cells	O
and	O
mossy	O
fibres	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampal	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
during	O
experimental	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
(	O
TLE	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

This	O
expression	O
may	O
represent	O
an	O
endogenous	O
damping	O
mechanism	O
since	O
NPY	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
block	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
events	O
following	O
high	O
-	O
frequency	O
stimulation	O
in	O
hippocampal	O
slices	O
.	O

The	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
(	O
PILO	B-Chemical
)	O
model	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
an	O
acute	O
period	O
of	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
followed	O
by	O
spontaneous	O
recurrent	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
related	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
peroxidase	O
-	O
antiperoxidase	O
immunostaining	O
for	O
NPY	O
in	O
several	O
brain	O
regions	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

PILO	B-Chemical
-	O
injected	O
animals	O
exhibited	O
NPY	O
immunoreactivity	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
mossy	O
fibre	O
terminals	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
inner	O
molecular	O
layer	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
cases	O
,	O
within	O
presumed	O
granule	O
cells	O
.	O

NPY	O
immunoreactivity	O
was	O
also	O
dramatically	O
changed	O
in	O
the	O
entorhinal	O
cortex	O
,	O
amygdala	O
and	O
sensorimotor	O
areas	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
PILO	B-Chemical
injected	O
animals	O
exhibited	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
NPY	O
-	O
immunoreactive	O
interneurons	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
changes	O
in	O
NPY	O
expression	O
,	O
including	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
granule	O
cells	O
and	O
mossy	O
fibres	O
and	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
vulnerable	O
NPY	O
neurons	O
,	O
are	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
PILO	B-Chemical
model	O
of	O
TLE	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
significance	O
of	O
this	O
changed	O
synthesis	O
of	O
NPY	O
remains	O
to	O
be	O
determined	O
.	O

Posteroventral	O
medial	O
pallidotomy	O
in	O
advanced	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Posteroventral	O
medial	O
pallidotomy	O
sometimes	O
produces	O
striking	O
improvement	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
the	O
studies	O
to	O
date	O
have	O
involved	O
small	O
numbers	O
of	O
patients	O
and	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
underwent	O
serial	O
,	O
detailed	O
assessments	O
both	O
after	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
(	O
"	O
off	O
"	O
period	O
)	O
and	O
while	O
taking	O
their	O
optimal	O
medical	O
regimens	O
(	O
"	O
on	O
"	O
period	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
examined	O
preoperatively	O
and	O
39	O
were	O
examined	O
at	O
six	O
months	O
;	O
27	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
also	O
examined	O
at	O
one	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
at	O
two	O
years	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
percent	O
improvements	O
at	O
six	O
months	O
were	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
off	O
-	O
period	O
score	O
for	O
overall	O
motor	O
function	O
,	O
28	O
percent	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
19	O
to	O
38	O
percent	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
improvement	O
in	O
the	O
contralateral	O
limbs	O
;	O
off	O
-	O
period	O
score	O
for	O
activities	O
of	O
daily	O
living	O
,	O
29	O
percent	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
19	O
to	O
39	O
percent	O
)	O
;	O
on	O
-	O
period	O
score	O
for	O
contralateral	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
,	O
82	O
percent	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
72	O
to	O
91	O
percent	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
on	O
-	O
period	O
score	O
for	O
ipsilateral	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
,	O
44	O
percent	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
29	O
to	O
59	O
percent	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
improvements	O
in	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
total	O
scores	O
for	O
off	O
-	O
period	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
,	O
contralateral	O
bradykinesia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
rigidity	B-Disease
were	O
sustained	O
in	O
the	O
11	O
patients	O
examined	O
at	O
two	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
improvement	O
in	O
ipsilateral	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
was	O
lost	O
after	O
one	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
improvements	O
in	O
postural	O
stability	O
and	O
gait	O
lasted	O
only	O
three	O
to	O
six	O
months	O
.	O

Approximately	O
half	O
the	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
dependent	O
on	O
assistance	O
in	O
activities	O
of	O
daily	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
off	O
period	O
before	O
surgery	O
became	O
independent	O
after	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
complications	O
of	O
surgery	O
were	O
generally	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
medication	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
late	O
-	O
stage	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
pallidotomy	O
significantly	O
reduces	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
and	O
off	O
-	O
period	O
disability	O
.	O

Much	O
of	O
the	O
benefit	O
is	O
sustained	O
at	O
two	O
years	O
,	O
although	O
some	O
improvements	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
those	O
on	O
the	O
ipsilateral	O
side	O
and	O
in	O
axial	O
symptoms	O
,	O
wane	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
on	O
-	O
period	O
symptoms	O
that	O
are	O
resistant	O
to	O
dopaminergic	O
therapy	O
do	O
not	O
respond	O
to	O
pallidotomy	O
.	O

Clarithromycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

Clarithromycin	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
relatively	O
new	O
macrolide	B-Chemical
antibiotic	O
that	O
offers	O
twice	O
-	O
daily	O
dosing	O
.	O

It	O
differs	O
from	O
erythromycin	B-Chemical
only	O
in	O
the	O
methylation	O
of	O
the	O
hydroxyl	O
group	O
at	O
position	O
6	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
profile	O
of	O
erythromycin	B-Chemical
is	O
established	O
,	O
including	O
gastroenteritis	B-Disease
and	O
interactions	O
with	O
other	O
drugs	O
subject	O
to	O
hepatic	O
mixed	O
-	O
function	O
oxidase	O
metabolism	O
,	O
experience	O
with	O
the	O
newer	O
macrolides	B-Chemical
is	O
still	O
being	O
recorded	O
.	O

Cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
demonstrated	O
after	O
both	O
intravenous	O
and	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
erythromycin	B-Chemical
but	O
has	O
never	O
been	O
reported	O
with	O
the	O
newer	O
macrolides	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
dysrhythmias	I-Disease
that	O
occurred	O
after	O
six	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
of	O
clarithromycin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
dysrhythmias	B-Disease
resolved	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
on	O
the	O
sphincter	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
Oddi	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
evoked	O
by	O
prostigmine	B-Chemical
-	O
morphine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
study	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
on	O
the	O
prostigmine	B-Chemical
-	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sphincter	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
Oddi	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
in	O
nine	O
female	O
patients	O
with	O
sphincter	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
Oddi	I-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Sphincter	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
Oddi	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
prostigmine	B-Chemical
-	O
morphine	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
prostigmine	B-Chemical
intramuscularly	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
morphine	B-Chemical
subcutaneously	O
)	O
and	O
visualized	O
by	O
quantitative	O
hepatobiliary	O
scintigraphy	O
.	O

The	O
entire	O
procedure	O
was	O
repeated	O
during	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
Nitrolingual	B-Chemical
1	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
for	O
120	O
min	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Prostigmine	B-Chemical
-	O
morphine	B-Chemical
provocation	O
caused	O
significant	O
increases	O
in	O
the	O
time	O
to	O
peak	O
activity	O
(	O
Tmax	O
)	O
over	O
the	O
hepatic	O
hilum	O
(	O
HH	O
:	O
34	O
.	O
33	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
05	O
vs	O
.	O
22	O
.	O
77	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
26	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
common	O
bile	O
duct	O
(	O
CBD	O
:	O
60	O
.	O
44	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
99	O
vs	O
.	O
40	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
88	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
half	O
-	O
time	O
of	O
excretion	O
(	O
T1	O
/	O
2	O
)	O
over	O
the	O
liver	O
parenchyma	O
(	O
LP	O
:	O
120	O
.	O
04	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
.	O
01	O
vs	O
.	O
27	O
.	O
37	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
19	O
)	O
,	O
HH	O
(	O
117	O
.	O
61	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
14	O
.	O
71	O
vs	O
.	O
31	O
.	O
85	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
99	O
)	O
and	O
CBD	O
(	O
158	O
.	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
18	O
vs	O
.	O
40	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
24	O
)	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
complete	O
spasm	B-Disease
at	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
the	O
sphincter	O
of	O
Oddi	O
.	O

Glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
infusion	O
completely	O
normalized	O
the	O
prostigmine	B-Chemical
-	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
alterations	O
in	O
these	O
quantitative	O
parameters	O
(	O
TmaX	O
over	O
the	O
LP	O
:	O
11	O
.	O
33	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
13	O
;	O
over	O
the	O
HH	O
:	O
18	O
.	O
88	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
48	O
;	O
and	O
over	O
the	O
CBD	O
:	O
36	O
.	O
22	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
92	O
;	O
and	O
T1	O
/	O
2	O
over	O
the	O
LP	O
:	O
28	O
.	O
21	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
83	O
;	O
over	O
the	O
HH	O
:	O
33	O
.	O
42	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
10	O
;	O
and	O
over	O
the	O
CBD	O
:	O
41	O
.	O
66	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
33	O
)	O
,	O
suggesting	O
an	O
effective	O
sphincter	O
-	O
relaxing	O
effect	O
of	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
provide	O
the	O
first	O
evidence	O
of	O
the	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
on	O
the	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sphincter	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
Oddi	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
in	O
humans	O
.	O

Since	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
is	O
able	O
to	O
overcome	O
even	O
the	O
drastic	O
effect	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
it	O
might	O
be	O
of	O
relevance	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
sphincter	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
Oddi	I-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
.	O

Immunopathology	O
of	O
penicillamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
glomerular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Four	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
developed	O
heavy	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
five	O
to	O
12	O
months	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
.	O

Light	O
microscopy	O
of	O
renal	O
biopsy	O
samples	O
showed	O
minimal	O
glomerular	O
capillary	O
wall	O
thickening	O
and	O
mesangial	O
matrix	O
increase	O
,	O
or	O
no	O
departure	O
from	O
normal	O
.	O

Electron	O
microscopy	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
revealed	O
subepithelial	O
electron	O
-	O
dense	O
deposits	O
,	O
fusion	O
of	O
epithelial	O
cell	O
foot	O
processes	O
,	O
and	O
evidence	O
of	O
mesangial	O
cell	O
hyperactivity	O
.	O

Immunofluorescence	O
microscopy	O
demonstrated	O
granular	O
capillary	O
wall	O
deposits	O
of	O
IgG	O
and	O
C3	O
.	O

The	O
findings	O
were	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
in	O
early	O
membranous	B-Disease
glomerulonephritis	I-Disease
,	O
differences	O
being	O
observed	O
however	O
in	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
staining	O
for	O
the	O
early	O
-	O
acting	O
complement	O
components	O
C1q	O
and	O
C4	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
tentatively	O
concluded	O
that	O
complement	O
was	O
activated	O
by	O
the	O
classical	O
pathway	O
.	O

Experimental	O
cranial	O
pain	B-Disease
elicited	O
by	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
PET	O
study	O
.	O

Using	O
a	O
positron	O
emission	O
tomography	O
(	O
PET	O
)	O
study	O
it	O
was	O
shown	O
recently	O
that	O
in	O
migraine	B-Disease
without	O
aura	O
certain	O
areas	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
stem	O
were	O
activated	O
during	O
the	O
headache	B-Disease
state	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
headache	B-Disease
free	O
interval	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
suggested	O
that	O
this	O
brain	O
stem	O
activation	O
is	O
inherent	O
to	O
the	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
itself	O
and	O
represents	O
the	O
so	O
called	O
'	O
migraine	B-Disease
generator	O
'	O
.	O

To	O
test	O
this	O
hypothesis	O
we	O
performed	O
an	O
experimental	O
pain	B-Disease
study	O
in	O
seven	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
same	O
positioning	O
in	O
the	O
PET	O
scanner	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
migraine	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

A	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
subcutaneously	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
forehead	O
to	O
evoke	O
a	O
burning	O
painful	B-Disease
sensation	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
division	O
of	O
the	O
trigeminal	O
nerve	O
.	O

Increases	O
of	O
regional	O
cerebral	O
blood	O
flow	O
(	O
rCBF	O
)	O
were	O
found	O
bilaterally	O
in	O
the	O
insula	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
anterior	O
cingulate	O
cortex	O
,	O
the	O
cavernous	O
sinus	O
and	O
the	O
cerebellum	O
.	O

Using	O
the	O
same	O
stereotactic	O
space	O
limits	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
above	O
mentioned	O
migraine	B-Disease
study	O
no	O
brain	O
stem	O
activation	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
pain	B-Disease
state	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
free	O
state	O
.	O

The	O
increase	O
of	O
activation	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
cavernous	O
sinus	O
however	O
,	O
suggests	O
that	O
this	O
structure	O
is	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
trigeminal	O
transmitted	O
pain	B-Disease
as	O
such	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
in	O
a	O
specific	O
type	O
of	O
headache	B-Disease
as	O
was	O
suggested	O
for	O
cluster	B-Disease
headache	I-Disease
.	O

Value	O
of	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
in	O
prevention	O
of	O
the	O
arthralgia	B-Disease
-	O
myalgia	B-Disease
syndrome	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
total	O
dose	O
infusion	O
of	O
iron	B-Chemical
dextran	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
double	O
blind	O
randomized	O
trial	O
.	O

The	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
total	O
dose	O
infusion	O
(	O
TDI	O
)	O
of	O
iron	B-Chemical
dextran	I-Chemical
has	O
been	O
well	O
documented	O
.	O

In	O
40	O
%	O
of	O
treated	O
patients	O
,	O
an	O
arthralgia	B-Disease
-	O
myalgia	B-Disease
syndrome	O
develops	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
prospective	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
intravenous	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
administration	O
of	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
(	O
MP	B-Chemical
)	O
prevents	O
this	O
complication	O
.	O

Sixty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
,	O
34	O
women	O
and	O
31	O
men	O
,	O
ages	O
36	O
to	O
80	O
years	O
,	O
received	O
either	O
normal	O
saline	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
TDI	O
(	O
group	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
125	O
mg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
MP	B-Chemical
before	O
and	O
saline	O
after	O
TDI	O
(	O
group	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
125	O
mg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
MP	B-Chemical
before	O
and	O
after	O
TDI	O
(	O
group	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
observed	O
for	O
72	O
hours	O
and	O
reactions	O
were	O
recorded	O
and	O
graded	O
according	O
to	O
severity	O
.	O

Fifty	O
-	O
eight	O
percent	O
of	O
group	O
1	O
patients	O
,	O
33	O
%	O
of	O
group	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
26	O
%	O
of	O
group	O
3	O
had	O
reactions	O
to	O
TDI	O
.	O

The	O
severity	O
of	O
reactions	O
(	O
minimal	O
,	O
mild	O
,	O
and	O
moderate	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
was	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
group	O
1	O
-	O
-	O
6	O
,	O
6	O
,	O
and	O
2	O
;	O
group	O
2	O
-	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
;	O
group	O
3	O
-	O
-	O
5	O
,	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O

Data	O
were	O
analyzed	O
by	O
the	O
two	O
-	O
sided	O
Fisher	O
'	O
s	O
exact	O
test	O
using	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
intervals	O
with	O
the	O
approximation	O
of	O
Woolf	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
administration	O
of	O
MP	B-Chemical
before	O
and	O
after	O
TDI	O
reduces	O
the	O
frequency	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
the	O
arthralgia	B-Disease
-	O
myalgia	B-Disease
syndrome	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
125	O
mg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
MP	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
given	O
routinely	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
TDI	O
of	O
iron	B-Chemical
dextran	I-Chemical
.	O

Prolongation	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
QT	I-Disease
interval	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
-	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
interaction	O
.	O

Cisapride	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
cytochrome	O
P450	O
3A4	O
(	O
CYP3A4	O
)	O
substrate	O
,	O
is	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
motility	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Prolongation	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
QT	I-Disease
interval	I-Disease
,	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
sudden	B-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
death	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
after	O
concomitant	O
administration	O
with	O
erythromycin	B-Chemical
or	O
azole	B-Chemical
antifungal	O
agents	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	O
CYP3A4	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

A	O
possible	O
drug	O
interaction	O
occurred	O
in	O
a	O
45	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
who	O
was	O
taking	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
for	O
gastroesophageal	B-Disease
reflux	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
and	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
agent	O
that	O
has	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
on	O
CYP3A4	O
,	O
for	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
in	O
near	O
syncope	B-Disease
and	O
had	O
QT	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
interval	I-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
discontinuing	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
QT	O
interval	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
and	O
symptoms	O
did	O
not	O
recur	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
caution	O
be	O
taken	O
when	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
is	O
prescribed	O
with	O
any	O
potent	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
CYP3A4	O
,	O
including	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
.	O

Cortical	O
motor	O
overactivation	O
in	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
peak	O
-	O
dose	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
have	O
studied	O
the	O
regional	O
cerebral	O
blood	O
flow	O
(	O
rCBF	O
)	O
changes	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
a	O
finger	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
thumb	O
opposition	O
motor	O
task	O
in	O
the	O
supplementary	O
and	O
primary	O
motor	O
cortex	O
of	O
two	O
groups	O
of	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
medication	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
one	O
without	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
23	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
with	O
moderate	O
peak	O
-	O
dose	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
15	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
of	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
14	O
normal	O
subjects	O
.	O

Single	O
photon	O
emission	O
tomography	O
with	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
133Xe	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
measure	O
the	O
rCBF	O
changes	O
.	O

The	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
parkinsonian	B-Disease
patients	O
exhibited	O
a	O
pattern	O
of	O
response	O
which	O
was	O
markedly	O
different	O
from	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
normal	O
subjects	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
parkinsonian	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
significant	O
overactivation	O
in	O
the	O
supplementary	O
motor	O
area	O
and	O
the	O
ipsi	O
-	O
and	O
contralateral	O
primary	O
motor	O
areas	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
are	O
compatible	O
with	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
an	O
hyperkinetic	B-Disease
abnormal	B-Disease
involuntary	I-Disease
movement	I-Disease
,	O
like	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
peak	O
dose	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
,	O
is	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
disinhibition	O
of	O
the	O
primary	O
and	O
associated	O
motor	O
cortex	O
secondary	O
to	O
an	O
excessive	O
outflow	O
of	O
the	O
pallidothalamocortical	O
motor	O
loop	O
.	O

Open	O
-	O
label	O
assessment	O
of	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
acute	O
bacterial	O
sinusitis	B-Disease
in	O
adults	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
(	O
500	O
mg	O
orally	O
once	O
daily	O
for	O
10	O
to	O
14	O
days	O
)	O
in	O
treating	O
adult	O
outpatients	O
with	O
acute	O
bacterial	O
sinusitis	B-Disease
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
329	O
patients	O
enrolled	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
at	O
24	O
centers	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
pre	O
-	O
therapy	O
Gram	O
'	O
s	O
stain	O
and	O
culture	O
of	O
sinus	O
exudate	O
obtained	O
by	O
antral	O
puncture	O
or	O
nasal	O
endoscopy	O
.	O

Clinical	O
response	O
was	O
assessed	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
and	O
sinus	O
radiograph	O
or	O
computed	O
tomography	O
results	O
.	O

Microbiologic	O
cure	O
rates	O
were	O
determined	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
presumed	O
plus	O
documented	O
eradication	O
of	O
the	O
pre	O
-	O
therapy	O
pathogen	O
(	O
s	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
most	O
common	O
pathogens	O
were	O
Haemophilus	O
influenzae	O
,	O
Streptococcus	O
pneumoniae	O
,	O
Staphylococcus	O
aureus	O
,	O
and	O
Moraxella	O
catarrhalis	O
.	O

Of	O
300	O
clinically	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
,	O
175	O
(	O
58	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
cured	O
and	O
90	O
(	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
improved	O
at	O
the	O
post	O
-	O
therapy	O
evaluation	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
clinical	O
success	O
rate	O
of	O
88	O
%	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
clinically	O
failed	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
microbiologic	O
eradication	O
rate	O
(	O
presumed	O
plus	O
documented	O
)	O
among	O
138	O
microbiologically	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
was	O
92	O
%	O
.	O

Microbiologic	O
eradication	O
rates	O
(	O
presumed	O
plus	O
documented	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
pathogens	O
ranged	O
from	O
93	O
%	O
(	O
M	O
.	O
catarrhalis	O
)	O
to	O
100	O
%	O
(	O
S	O
.	O
pneumoniae	O
)	O
at	O
the	O
post	O
-	O
therapy	O
visit	O
.	O

All	O
but	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
265	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
cured	O
or	O
improved	O
at	O
post	O
-	O
therapy	O
returned	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
visit	O
;	O
243	O
(	O
92	O
%	O
)	O
remained	O
well	O
4	O
to	O
6	O
weeks	O
after	O
therapy	O
;	O
and	O
21	O
(	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
a	O
relapse	O
of	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Adverse	O
events	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
administration	O
were	O
reported	O
by	O
29	O
patients	O
(	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
drug	O
-	O
related	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
diarrhea	B-Disease
,	O
flatulence	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
;	O
most	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
mild	O
to	O
moderate	O
in	O
severity	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
indicate	O
that	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
500	O
mg	O
once	O
daily	O
is	O
an	O
effective	O
and	O
safe	O
treatment	O
for	O
acute	O
bacterial	O
sinusitis	B-Disease
.	O

Iatrogenic	O
risks	O
of	O
endometrial	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
large	O
French	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

F	O
d	O
ration	O
Nationale	O
des	O
Centres	O
de	O
Lutte	O
Contre	O
le	O
Cancer	O
(	O
FNCLCC	O
)	O
.	O

Since	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
is	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
treatment	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
its	O
endometrial	O
iatrogenic	O
effects	O
must	O
be	O
carefully	O
examined	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
investigated	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
use	O
or	O
other	O
treatments	O
in	O
women	O
treated	O
for	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

Cases	O
of	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
diagnosed	O
after	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
135	O
)	O
and	O
467	O
controls	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
year	O
of	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
hospital	O
and	O
survival	O
time	O
with	O
an	O
intact	O
uterus	O
were	O
included	O
.	O

Women	O
who	O
had	O
received	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
were	O
significantly	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
diagnosed	O
than	O
those	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
(	O
crude	O
relative	O
risk	O
=	O
4	O
.	O
9	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

Univariate	O
and	O
adjusted	O
analyses	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
increased	O
with	O
the	O
length	O
of	O
treatment	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
or	O
the	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
received	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
,	O
irrespective	O
of	O
the	O
daily	O
dose	O
.	O

Women	O
who	O
had	O
undergone	O
pelvic	O
radiotherapy	O
also	O
had	O
a	O
higher	O
risk	O
(	O
crude	O
relative	O
risk	O
=	O
7	O
.	O
8	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
adjusting	O
for	O
confounding	O
factors	O
,	O
the	O
risk	O
was	O
higher	O
for	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
users	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0012	O
)	O
,	O
treatment	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
3	O
years	O
(	O
all	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
and	O
pelvic	O
radiotherapy	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
012	O
)	O
.	O

Women	O
who	O
had	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
had	O
received	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
had	O
more	O
advanced	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
poorer	O
prognosis	O
than	O
those	O
with	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
who	O
had	O
not	O
received	O
this	O
treatment	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
a	O
causal	O
role	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
in	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
when	O
used	O
as	O
currently	O
proposed	O
for	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
prevention	O
.	O

Pelvic	O
radiotherapy	O
may	O
be	O
an	O
additional	O
iatrogenic	O
factor	O
for	O
women	O
with	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Endometrial	B-Disease
cancers	I-Disease
diagnosed	O
in	O
women	O
treated	O
with	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
have	O
poorer	O
prognosis	O
.	O

Women	O
who	O
receive	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
for	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
should	O
be	O
offered	O
gynaecological	O
surveillance	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
treatment	O
.	O

A	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
risk	O
-	O
benefit	O
ratio	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
preventive	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
is	O
clearly	O
warranted	O
.	O

Contribution	O
of	O
the	O
glycine	B-Chemical
site	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
in	O
rostral	O
and	O
intermediate	O
-	O
caudal	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
striatum	O
to	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
muscle	O
tone	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
contribution	O
of	O
the	O
glycine	B-Chemical
site	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
to	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
muscle	O
tone	O
.	O

Muscle	O
tone	O
was	O
examined	O
using	O
a	O
combined	O
mechanoand	O
electromyographic	O
method	O
,	O
which	O
measured	O
simultaneously	O
the	O
muscle	O
resistance	O
(	O
MMG	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
'	O
s	O
hind	O
foot	O
to	O
passive	O
extension	O
and	O
flexion	O
in	O
the	O
ankle	O
joint	O
and	O
the	O
electromyographic	O
activity	O
(	O
EMG	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
antagonistic	O
muscles	O
of	O
that	O
joint	O
:	O
gastrocnemius	O
and	O
tibialis	O
anterior	O
.	O

Muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorokynurenic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DCKA	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
selective	O
glycine	B-Chemical
site	O
antagonist	O
,	O
injected	O
in	O
doses	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
bilaterally	O
,	O
into	O
the	O
rostral	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
decreased	O
both	O
the	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
(	O
MMG	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
enhanced	O
electromyographic	O
activity	O
(	O
EMG	O
)	O
.	O

5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DCKA	I-Chemical
injected	O
bilaterally	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
microg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
microl	O
into	O
the	O
intermediate	O
-	O
caudal	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
striatum	O
of	O
rats	O
not	O
pretreated	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
muscle	O
tone	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
blockade	O
of	O
the	O
glycine	B-Chemical
site	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
in	O
the	O
rostral	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
striatum	O
may	O
be	O
mainly	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
antiparkinsonian	O
action	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

Carboplatin	B-Chemical
toxic	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
peripheral	O
nervous	O
system	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
most	O
striking	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
advantages	O
(	O
CBDCA	B-Chemical
)	O
over	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
CDDP	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
its	O
markedly	O
reduced	O
rate	O
of	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
CBDCA	B-Chemical
higher	O
-	O
intensity	O
schedules	O
and	O
the	O
association	O
with	O
other	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
drugs	O
in	O
polychemotherapy	O
may	O
cause	O
some	O
concern	O
about	O
its	O
safety	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
peripheral	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Two	O
different	O
schedules	O
of	O
CBDCA	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
and	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
twice	O
a	O
week	O
for	O
nine	O
times	O
)	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

Neurotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
for	O
behavioral	O
(	O
tail	O
-	O
flick	O
test	O
)	O
,	O
neurophysiological	O
(	O
nerve	O
conduction	O
velocity	O
in	O
the	O
tail	O
nerve	O
)	O
,	O
morphological	O
,	O
morphometrical	O
and	O
analytical	O
effects	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
CBDCA	B-Chemical
administration	O
induced	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neurotoxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
perception	O
and	O
nerve	O
conduction	O
velocity	O
in	O
the	O
tail	O
were	O
significantly	O
impaired	O
,	O
particularly	O
after	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
dorsal	O
root	O
ganglia	O
sensory	O
neurons	O
and	O
,	O
to	O
a	O
lesser	O
extent	O
,	O
satellite	O
cells	O
showed	O
the	O
same	O
changes	O
as	O
those	O
induced	O
by	O
CDDP	B-Chemical
,	O
mainly	O
affecting	O
the	O
nucleus	O
and	O
nucleolus	O
of	O
ganglionic	O
sensory	O
neurons	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
significant	O
amounts	O
of	O
platinum	B-Chemical
were	O
detected	O
in	O
the	O
dorsal	O
root	O
ganglia	O
and	O
kidney	O
after	O
CBDCA	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
CBDCA	B-Chemical
is	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
in	O
our	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
pathological	O
changes	O
it	O
induces	O
are	O
so	O
closely	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
caused	O
by	O
CDDP	B-Chemical
that	O
it	O
is	O
probable	O
that	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
induced	O
in	O
the	O
two	O
drugs	O
by	O
the	O
same	O
mechanism	O
.	O

This	O
model	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
drugs	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
CBDCA	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
peripheral	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
on	O
symptoms	O
and	O
postcibal	O
small	O
-	O
bowel	O
motor	O
function	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
irritable	B-Disease
bowel	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Irritable	B-Disease
bowel	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
common	O
cause	O
of	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
discomfort	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
disordered	B-Disease
gastrointestinal	I-Disease
motility	I-Disease
.	O

Our	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
a	O
prokinetic	O
agent	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
,	O
on	O
postprandial	O
jejunal	O
motility	O
and	O
symptoms	O
in	O
the	O
irritable	B-Disease
bowel	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
IBS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Thirty	O
-	O
eight	O
patients	O
with	O
IBS	B-Disease
(	O
constipation	B-Disease
-	O
predominant	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
17	O
;	O
diarrhoea	B-Disease
-	O
predominant	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
21	O
)	O
underwent	O
24	O
-	O
h	O
ambulatory	O
jejunal	O
manometry	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
12	O
week	O
'	O
s	O
treatment	O
[	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
,	O
5	O
mg	O
three	O
times	O
daily	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
19	O
)	O
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
19	O
)	O
]	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
diarrhoea	B-Disease
-	O
predominant	O
patients	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
contraction	O
characteristics	O
were	O
observed	O
between	O
the	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
groups	O
.	O

In	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
diarrhoea	B-Disease
-	O
predominant	O
patients	O
the	O
mean	O
contraction	O
amplitude	O
was	O
higher	O
(	O
29	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
versus	O
24	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
versus	O
placebo	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
;	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
25	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
0	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
contraction	O
duration	O
longer	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
versus	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
sec	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
versus	O
placebo	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
;	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
sec	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mean	O
contraction	O
frequency	O
lower	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
versus	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
cont	O
.	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
versus	O
placebo	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
;	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
cont	O
.	O
/	O
min	O
]	O
than	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
placebo	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
jejunal	O
motility	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
constipation	B-Disease
-	O
predominant	O
IBS	B-Disease
group	O
.	O

Symptoms	O
were	O
assessed	O
by	O
using	O
a	O
visual	O
analogue	O
scale	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
treatment	O
.	O

Symptom	O
scores	O
relating	O
to	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
constipation	B-Disease
were	O
lower	O
in	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
constipation	B-Disease
-	O
predominant	O
IBS	B-Disease
patients	O
[	O
score	O
,	O
54	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
versus	O
67	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
14	O
mm	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
versus	O
placebo	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
;	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
62	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
19	O
mm	O
]	O
.	O

Diarrhoea	B-Disease
-	O
predominant	O
IBS	B-Disease
patients	O
had	O
a	O
higher	O
pain	B-Disease
score	O
after	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
therapy	O
[	O
score	O
,	O
55	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
15	O
versus	O
34	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
mm	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
versus	O
placebo	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
;	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
67	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
19	O
mm	O
]	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Cisapride	B-Chemical
affects	O
jejunal	O
contraction	O
characteristics	O
and	O
some	O
symptoms	O
in	O
IBS	B-Disease
.	O

Prevention	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
with	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
:	O
preliminary	O
findings	O
from	O
the	O
Italian	O
randomised	O
trial	O
among	O
hysterectomised	O
women	O
.	O

Italian	O
Tamoxifen	B-Chemical
Prevention	O
Study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Tamoxifen	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
candidate	O
chemopreventive	O
agent	O
in	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
although	O
the	O
drug	O
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Therefore	O
we	O
did	O
a	O
trial	O
in	O
hysterectomised	O
women	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
chemopreventive	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
October	O
,	O
1992	O
,	O
we	O
started	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
randomised	O
trial	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
in	O
women	O
(	O
mainly	O
in	O
Italy	O
)	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
a	O
hysterectomy	O
.	O

Women	O
were	O
randomised	O
to	O
receive	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
20	O
mg	O
per	O
day	O
or	O
placebo	O
,	O
both	O
orally	O
for	O
5	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
original	O
plan	O
was	O
to	O
follow	O
the	O
intervention	O
phase	O
by	O
5	O
years	O
'	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

In	O
June	O
,	O
1997	O
,	O
the	O
trialists	O
and	O
the	O
data	O
-	O
monitoring	O
committee	O
decided	O
to	O
end	O
recruitment	O
primarily	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
women	O
dropping	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Recruitment	O
ended	O
on	O
July	O
11	O
,	O
1997	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
study	O
will	O
continue	O
as	O
planned	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
endpoints	O
are	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
and	O
deaths	O
from	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
preliminary	O
interim	O
analysis	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
intention	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
treat	O
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
5408	O
women	O
were	O
randomised	O
;	O
participating	O
women	O
have	O
a	O
median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
46	O
months	O
for	O
major	O
endpoints	O
.	O

41	O
cases	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
occurred	O
so	O
far	O
;	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
no	O
deaths	O
from	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
difference	O
in	O
breast	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
frequency	O
between	O
the	O
placebo	O
(	O
22	O
cases	O
)	O
and	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
(	O
19	O
)	O
arms	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
reduction	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
among	O
women	O
receiving	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
who	O
also	O
used	O
hormone	O
-	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
during	O
the	O
trial	O
:	O
among	O
390	O
women	O
on	O
such	O
therapy	O
and	O
allocated	O
to	O
placebo	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
eight	O
cases	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
one	O
case	O
among	O
362	O
women	O
allocated	O
to	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significantly	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
vascular	B-Disease
events	I-Disease
and	O
hypertriglyceridaemia	B-Disease
among	O
women	O
on	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
.	O

INTERPRETATION	O
:	O
Although	O
this	O
preliminary	O
analysis	O
has	O
low	O
power	O
,	O
in	O
this	O
cohort	O
of	O
women	O
at	O
low	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
normal	O
risk	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
postulated	O
protective	O
effects	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
are	O
not	O
yet	O
apparent	O
.	O

Women	O
using	O
hormone	O
-	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
appear	O
to	O
have	O
benefited	O
from	O
use	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
deaths	O
from	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
recorded	O
in	O
women	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
essential	O
to	O
continue	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
to	O
quantify	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
risks	O
and	O
benefits	O
of	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Epileptogenic	O
activity	O
of	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
after	O
drug	O
induces	O
SLE	B-Disease
(	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
and	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
)	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
study	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
multivitamin	O
supplementation	O
in	O
epileptic	B-Disease
women	O
before	O
and	O
during	O
pregnancy	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
structural	O
birth	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
and	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

STUDY	O
DESIGN	O
:	O
First	O
a	O
randomised	O
trial	O
,	O
later	O
periconception	O
care	O
including	O
in	O
total	O
12225	O
females	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Of	O
60	O
epileptic	B-Disease
women	O
with	O
periconceptional	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
)	O
-	O
containing	O
multivitamin	O
supplementation	O
,	O
no	O
one	O
developed	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
side	O
effects	O
during	O
the	O
periconception	O
period	O
.	O

One	O
epileptic	B-Disease
woman	O
delivered	O
a	O
newborn	O
with	O
cleft	B-Disease
lip	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
palate	I-Disease
.	O

Another	O
patient	O
exhibited	O
with	O
a	O
cluster	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
the	O
periconception	O
period	O
using	O
another	O
multivitamin	O
.	O

This	O
22	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
epileptic	B-Disease
woman	O
was	O
treated	O
continuously	O
by	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
and	O
a	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
)	O
-	O
containing	O
multivitamin	O
from	O
the	O
20th	O
week	O
of	O
gestation	O
.	O

She	O
developed	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
and	O
later	O
symptoms	O
of	O
systemic	B-Disease
lupus	I-Disease
erythematodes	I-Disease
.	O

Her	O
pregnancy	O
ended	O
with	O
stillbirth	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
epileptic	B-Disease
pregnant	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
probably	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
lupus	B-Disease
)	O
could	O
damage	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
therefore	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
dose	O
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
1	O
mg	O
)	O
of	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
triggered	O
a	O
cluster	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Physiological	O
dose	O
(	O
<	O
1	O
mg	O
)	O
of	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
both	O
in	O
healthy	O
and	O
60	O
epileptic	B-Disease
women	O
,	O
all	O
without	O
any	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
did	O
not	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
epileptic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

Stroke	B-Disease
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
or	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

The	O
association	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
use	O
with	O
hemorrhagic	O
and	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	B-Disease
is	O
based	O
almost	O
solely	O
on	O
data	O
from	O
case	O
series	O
.	O

The	O
limited	O
number	O
of	O
epidemiologic	O
studies	O
of	O
stroke	B-Disease
and	O
use	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
/	O
or	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
done	O
in	O
settings	O
that	O
serve	O
mostly	O
the	O
poor	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
minorities	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
the	O
defined	O
population	O
comprising	O
members	O
of	O
Kaiser	O
Permanente	O
of	O
Northern	O
and	O
Southern	O
California	O
.	O

We	O
attempted	O
to	O
identify	O
all	O
incident	O
strokes	B-Disease
in	O
women	O
ages	O
15	O
-	O
44	O
years	O
during	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
using	O
hospital	O
admission	O
and	O
discharge	O
records	O
,	O
emergency	O
department	O
logs	O
,	O
and	O
payment	O
requests	O
for	O
out	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
plan	O
hospitalizations	O
.	O

We	O
selected	O
controls	O
,	O
matched	O
on	O
age	O
and	O
facility	O
of	O
usual	O
care	O
,	O
at	O
random	O
from	O
healthy	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
health	O
plan	O
.	O

We	O
obtained	O
information	O
in	O
face	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
face	O
interviews	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
347	O
confirmed	O
stroke	B-Disease
cases	O
and	O
1	O
,	O
021	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
univariate	O
matched	O
odds	O
ratio	O
for	O
stroke	B-Disease
in	O
women	O
who	O
admitted	O
to	O
using	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
/	O
or	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
was	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
=	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
20	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
further	O
adjustment	O
for	O
potential	O
confounders	O
,	O
the	O
odds	O
ratio	O
in	O
women	O
who	O
reported	O
using	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
/	O
or	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
was	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
17	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
/	O
or	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
strong	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
stroke	B-Disease
in	O
this	O
socioeconomically	O
heterogeneous	O
,	O
insured	O
urban	O
population	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
subsequent	O
to	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
study	O
of	O
cases	O
reported	O
earlier	O
.	O

A	O
clinical	O
presentation	O
is	O
made	O
of	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
year	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
six	O
cases	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
that	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
earlier	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
had	O
developed	O
transient	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
intermittent	O
administration	O
of	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
stage	O
of	O
olig	O
-	O
anuria	B-Disease
lasted	O
for	O
1	O
-	O
3	O
weeks	O
,	O
and	O
five	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
treated	O
by	O
hemodialysis	O
.	O

Two	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
died	O
due	O
to	O
unrelated	O
causes	O
during	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
.	O

The	O
four	O
patients	O
re	O
-	O
examined	O
were	O
clinically	O
cured	O
.	O

Pathologic	O
findings	O
by	O
light	O
microscopy	O
and	O
immunofluorescence	O
at	O
biopsy	O
were	O
scarce	O
.	O

Nothing	O
abnormal	O
was	O
seen	O
by	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
in	O
two	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
studied	O
.	O

Renal	O
function	O
was	O
normal	O
.	O

In	O
three	O
cases	O
the	O
excretion	O
at	O
131I	O
-	O
hippuran	O
renography	O
was	O
slightly	O
slowed	O
.	O

Although	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
stage	O
the	O
renal	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
histologically	O
appeared	O
toxic	O
,	O
evidence	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
immunological	O
mechanism	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

Chronic	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
novel	O
synthetic	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
derivative	O
(	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
)	O
on	O
normal	O
heart	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
in	O
beagle	O
dogs	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
chronic	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
potential	O
of	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
and	O
a	O
possible	O
deteriorating	O
effect	O
of	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
on	O
low	O
-	O
grade	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
pre	O
-	O
induced	O
by	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
in	O
beagle	O
dogs	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
,	O
beagle	O
dogs	O
of	O
each	O
sex	O
were	O
given	O
intravenously	O
once	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
,	O
either	O
a	O
sublethal	O
dose	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
experiment	O
was	O
terminated	O
3	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
ninth	O
dosing	O
.	O

Animals	O
which	O
received	O
over	O
six	O
courses	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
demonstrated	O
the	O
electrocardiogram	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
changes	O
,	O
decrease	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
high	O
-	O
grade	O
histopathological	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
animals	O
which	O
were	O
terminally	O
sacrificed	O
after	O
the	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
administration	O
did	O
not	O
show	O
any	O
changes	O
in	O
ECG	O
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
histopathological	O
examinations	O
.	O

To	O
examine	O
a	O
possibly	O
deteriorating	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
,	O
low	O
-	O
grade	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
in	O
dogs	O
by	O
four	O
courses	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Nine	O
weeks	O
after	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
,	O
dogs	O
were	O
given	O
four	O
courses	O
of	O
either	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
once	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
low	O
-	O
grade	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
changes	O
were	O
enhanced	O
by	O
the	O
additional	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
the	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
treatment	O
did	O
not	O
progress	O
the	O
grade	O
of	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
SM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5887	I-Chemical
does	O
not	O
have	O
any	O
potential	O
of	O
chronic	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
deteriorating	O
effect	O
on	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

Risk	O
for	O
valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
among	O
users	O
of	O
fenfluramine	B-Chemical
and	O
dexfenfluramine	B-Chemical
who	O
underwent	O
echocardiography	O
before	O
use	O
of	O
medication	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Because	O
uncontrolled	O
echocardiographic	O
surveys	O
suggested	O
that	O
up	O
to	O
30	O
%	O
to	O
38	O
%	O
of	O
users	O
of	O
fenfluramine	B-Chemical
and	O
dexfenfluramine	B-Chemical
had	O
valvular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
these	O
drugs	O
were	O
withdrawn	O
from	O
the	O
market	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
new	O
or	O
worsening	O
valvular	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
among	O
users	O
of	O
fenfluramine	B-Chemical
or	O
dexfenfluramine	B-Chemical
who	O
underwent	O
echocardiography	O
before	O
they	O
began	O
to	O
take	O
these	O
medications	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Cohort	O
study	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Academic	O
primary	O
care	O
practices	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
46	O
patients	O
who	O
used	O
fenfluramine	B-Chemical
or	O
dexfenfluramine	B-Chemical
for	O
14	O
days	O
or	O
more	O
and	O
had	O
echocardiograms	O
obtained	O
before	O
therapy	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
:	O
Follow	O
-	O
up	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
outcome	O
was	O
new	O
or	O
worsening	O
valvulopathy	B-Disease
,	O
defined	O
as	O
progression	O
of	O
either	O
aortic	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
mitral	I-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
by	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
degree	O
of	O
severity	O
and	O
disease	O
that	O
met	O
U	O
.	O
S	O
.	O

Food	O
and	O
Drug	O
Administration	O
criteria	O
(	O
at	O
least	O
mild	O
aortic	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
or	O
moderate	O
mitral	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Two	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
[	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
14	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
]	O
)	O
receiving	O
fenfluramine	B-Chemical
-	O
phentermine	B-Chemical
developed	O
valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

One	O
had	O
baseline	O
bicuspid	B-Disease
aortic	I-Disease
valve	I-Disease
and	O
mild	O
aortic	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
that	O
progressed	O
to	O
moderate	O
regurgitation	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
patient	O
developed	O
new	O
moderate	O
aortic	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Users	O
of	O
diet	O
medications	O
are	O
at	O
risk	O
for	O
valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
may	O
be	O
lower	O
than	O
that	O
reported	O
previously	O
.	O

Therapeutic	O
drug	O
monitoring	O
of	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
:	O
once	O
-	O
daily	O
versus	O
twice	O
-	O
daily	O
dosage	O
schedules	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
dosage	O
regimen	O
(	O
once	O
-	O
daily	O
vs	O
.	O
twice	O
-	O
daily	O
)	O
of	O
tobramicyn	B-Chemical
on	O
steady	O
-	O
state	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
undergoing	O
treatment	O
with	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
were	O
randomised	O
to	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Group	O
OD	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
22	O
)	O
received	O
a	O
once	O
-	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
and	O
group	O
TD	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
21	O
)	O
received	O
the	O
same	O
dose	O
divided	O
into	O
two	O
doses	O
daily	O
.	O

Tobramycin	B-Chemical
serum	O
concentrations	O
(	O
peak	O
and	O
trough	O
)	O
were	O
measured	O
by	O
enzyme	O
multiplied	O
immunoassay	O
.	O

The	O
renal	O
and	O
auditory	O
functions	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
monitored	O
before	O
,	O
during	O
and	O
immediately	O
after	O
treatment	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
two	O
groups	O
were	O
comparable	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
sex	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
body	O
weight	O
and	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

No	O
statistically	O
significant	O
differences	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
mean	O
daily	O
dose	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
or	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
.	O

Trough	O
concentrations	O
were	O
<	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
ml	O
in	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
(	O
100	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Peak	O
concentrations	O
were	O
>	O
6	O
microg	O
/	O
ml	O
in	O
100	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
OD	O
group	O
and	O
in	O
67	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
TD	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Mean	O
peak	O
concentrations	O
were	O
markedly	O
different	O
:	O
11	O
.	O
00	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
89	O
microg	O
/	O
ml	O
in	O
OD	O
vs	O
.	O
6	O
.	O
53	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
45	O
microg	O
/	O
ml	O
in	O
TD	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
pharmacokinetics	O
parameters	O
were	O
:	O
Ke	O
,	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
/	O
h	O
in	O
OD	O
vs	O
.	O
0	O
.	O
24	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
06	O
/	O
h	O
in	O
TD	O
)	O
,	O
t1	O
/	O
2	O
,	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
95	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
41	O
h	O
in	O
OD	O
vs	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
07	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
71	O
h	O
in	O
TD	O
)	O
,	O
Vd	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
35	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
11	O
l	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
OD	O
vs	O
.	O
0	O
.	O
33	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
09	O
l	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
TD	O
)	O
,	O
Cl	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
86	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
29	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
OD	O
vs	O
.	O
1	O
.	O
28	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
33	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
TD	O
)	O
.	O

Increased	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
was	O
observed	O
in	O
73	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
OD	O
versus	O
57	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
TD	O
,	O
without	O
evidence	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
TD	O
group	O
,	O
three	O
patients	O
developed	O
decreased	B-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
,	O
of	O
which	O
one	O
presented	O
with	O
an	O
auditory	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
of	O
-	O
30	O
dB	O
,	O
whereas	O
in	O
the	O
OD	O
group	O
only	O
one	O
patient	O
presented	O
decreased	B-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
small	O
study	O
suggests	O
that	O
a	O
once	O
-	O
daily	O
dosing	O
regimen	O
of	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
is	O
at	O
least	O
as	O
effective	O
as	O
and	O
is	O
no	O
more	O
and	O
possibly	O
less	O
toxic	O
than	O
the	O
twice	O
-	O
daily	O
regimen	O
.	O

Using	O
a	O
single	O
-	O
dose	O
therapy	O
,	O
peak	O
concentration	O
determination	O
is	O
not	O
necessary	O
,	O
only	O
trough	O
samples	O
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
to	O
ensure	O
levels	O
below	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

Enhanced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonists	O
in	O
rats	O
pretreated	O
with	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
increase	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
vasodilators	O
and	O
change	O
the	O
accompanying	O
reflex	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
to	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
an	O
interaction	O
attributed	O
to	O
decreased	O
synthesis	O
of	O
brain	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
possible	O
enhancement	O
by	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
of	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
antagonists	O
was	O
determined	O
in	O
rats	O
anaesthetised	O
with	O
chloralose	B-Chemical
-	O
urethane	B-Chemical
.	O

Isoniazid	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
after	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
,	O
pindolol	B-Chemical
,	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
and	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
after	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
after	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
or	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
.	O

Enhancement	O
was	O
not	O
observed	O
in	O
rats	O
pretreated	O
with	O
methylatropine	B-Chemical
or	O
previously	O
vagotomised	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
are	O
compatible	O
with	O
interference	O
by	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
with	O
GABAergic	O
inhibition	O
of	O
cardiac	O
parasympathetic	O
tone	O
.	O

Such	O
interference	O
could	O
be	O
exerted	O
centrally	O
,	O
possibly	O
at	O
the	O
nucleus	O
ambiguus	O
,	O
or	O
peripherally	O
at	O
the	O
sinus	O
node	O
.	O

Structural	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
functional	I-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
mitochondria	I-Disease
in	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
:	O
suppression	O
of	O
cytochrome	O
c	O
oxidase	O
II	O
gene	O
expression	O
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
ADR	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
chemotherapy	O
has	O
been	O
limited	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
cumulative	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Earlier	O
observations	O
that	O
ADR	B-Chemical
interacts	O
with	O
mitochondrial	O
cytochrome	O
c	O
oxidase	O
(	O
COX	O
)	O
and	O
suppresses	O
its	O
enzyme	O
activity	O
led	O
us	O
to	O
investigate	O
ADR	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
action	O
on	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
functions	O
and	O
heart	O
mitochondrial	O
morphology	O
in	O
Balb	O
-	O
c	O
mice	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
treated	O
with	O
ADR	B-Chemical
for	O
several	O
weeks	O
.	O

At	O
various	O
times	O
during	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
animals	O
were	O
assessed	O
for	O
cardiovascular	O
functions	O
by	O
electrocardiography	O
and	O
for	O
heart	O
tissue	O
damage	O
by	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
.	O

In	O
parallel	O
,	O
total	O
RNA	O
was	O
extracted	O
from	O
samples	O
of	O
dissected	O
heart	O
and	O
analyzed	O
by	O
Northern	O
blot	O
hybridization	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
steady	O
-	O
state	O
level	O
of	O
three	O
RNA	O
transcripts	O
encoded	O
by	O
the	O
COXII	O
,	O
COXIII	O
,	O
and	O
COXIV	O
genes	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
samples	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
liver	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
animals	O
were	O
analyzed	O
for	O
comparative	O
studies	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
1	O
)	O
treatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
ADR	B-Chemical
caused	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
characterized	O
by	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
extension	O
of	O
ventricular	O
depolarization	O
time	O
(	O
tQRS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
failure	O
of	O
QRS	O
at	O
high	O
concentrations	O
(	O
10	O
-	O
14	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
)	O
;	O
2	O
)	O
the	O
heart	O
mitochondria	O
underwent	O
swelling	B-Disease
,	O
fusion	O
,	O
dissolution	O
,	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
disruption	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
cristae	O
after	O
several	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Such	O
abnormalities	O
were	O
not	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
mitochondria	O
of	O
liver	O
tissue	O
;	O
and	O
3	O
)	O
among	O
the	O
three	O
genes	O
of	O
COX	O
enzyme	O
examined	O
,	O
only	O
COXII	O
gene	O
expression	O
was	O
suppressed	O
by	O
ADR	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
mainly	O
after	O
8	O
weeks	O
in	O
both	O
heart	O
and	O
liver	O
.	O

Knowing	O
that	O
heart	O
mitochondria	O
represent	O
almost	O
40	O
%	O
of	O
heart	O
muscle	O
by	O
weight	O
,	O
we	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
deteriorating	O
effects	O
of	O
ADR	B-Chemical
on	O
cardiovascular	O
function	O
involve	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
structural	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
functional	I-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/BC5CDR/test.txt
================================================
Torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
during	O
low	O
dose	O
intermittent	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
and	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
authors	O
describe	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
56	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
chronic	O
,	O
severe	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
and	O
absence	O
of	O
significant	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
and	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
during	O
one	O
cycle	O
of	O
intermittent	O
low	O
dose	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mcg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
min	O
)	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
report	O
of	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
during	O
intermittent	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
supports	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
unpredictable	O
fatal	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
may	O
occur	O
even	O
with	O
low	O
doses	O
and	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
significant	O
rhythm	O
disturbances	O
.	O

The	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
proarrhythmic	O
effects	O
of	O
Dubutamine	B-Chemical
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Positive	O
skin	O
tests	O
in	O
late	O
reactions	O
to	O
radiographic	O
contrast	B-Chemical
media	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
last	O
few	O
years	O
delayed	O
reactions	O
several	O
hours	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
radiographic	O
and	O
contrast	B-Chemical
materials	I-Chemical
(	O
PRC	B-Chemical
)	O
have	O
been	O
described	O
with	O
increasing	O
frequency	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
report	O
two	O
observations	O
on	O
patients	O
with	O
delayed	O
reactions	O
in	O
whom	O
intradermoreactions	O
(	O
IDR	O
)	O
and	O
patch	O
tests	O
to	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
ionic	O
and	O
non	O
ionic	O
PRC	B-Chemical
were	O
studied	O
.	O

After	O
angiography	O
by	O
the	O
venous	O
route	O
in	O
patient	O
n	O
degree	O
1	O
a	O
biphasic	O
reaction	O
with	O
an	O
immediate	O
reaction	O
(	O
dyspnea	B-Disease
,	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
consciousness	I-Disease
)	O
and	O
delayed	O
macro	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
papular	I-Disease
rash	I-Disease
appeared	O
,	O
whilst	O
patient	O
n	O
degree	O
2	O
developed	O
a	O
generalised	O
sensation	O
of	O
heat	O
,	O
persistent	O
pain	B-Disease
at	O
the	O
site	O
of	O
injection	O
immediately	O
and	O
a	O
generalised	O
macro	O
-	O
papular	O
reaction	O
after	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

The	O
skin	O
tests	O
revealed	O
positive	O
delayed	O
reactions	O
of	O
24	O
hours	O
and	O
48	O
hours	O
by	O
IDR	O
and	O
patch	O
tests	O
to	O
only	O
some	O
PRC	B-Chemical
with	O
common	O
chains	O
in	O
their	O
structures	O
.	O

The	O
positive	O
skin	O
tests	O
are	O
in	O
favour	O
of	O
immunological	O
reactions	O
and	O
may	O
help	O
in	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
allergy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
patients	O
.	O

Risk	O
of	O
transient	O
hyperammonemic	B-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
received	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
with	O
the	O
complication	O
of	O
dehydration	B-Disease
and	O
infection	B-Disease
.	O

From	O
1986	O
to	O
1998	O
,	O
29	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
had	O
32	O
episodes	O
of	O
transient	O
hyperammonemic	B-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
were	O
identified	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
had	O
decompensated	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Onset	O
of	O
hyperammonemic	B-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
varied	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
5	O
days	O
(	O
mean	O
:	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
days	O
)	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Plasma	O
ammonium	B-Chemical
level	O
ranged	O
from	O
248	O
to	O
2387	O
microg	O
%	O
(	O
mean	O
:	O
626	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
431	O
microg	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
32	O
episodes	O
,	O
26	O
(	O
81	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
various	O
degrees	O
of	O
azotemia	B-Disease
,	O
18	O
(	O
56	O
%	O
)	O
occurred	O
during	O
bacterial	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
and	O
14	O
(	O
44	O
%	O
)	O
without	O
infection	B-Disease
occurred	O
during	O
periods	O
of	O
dehydration	B-Disease
.	O

Higher	O
plasma	O
ammonium	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
more	O
rapid	O
onset	O
of	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
were	O
seen	O
in	O
18	O
patients	O
with	O
bacterial	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
003	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
0006	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
nine	O
patients	O
receiving	O
high	O
daily	O
doses	O
(	O
2600	O
or	O
1800	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
)	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
and	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
25	O
out	O
of	O
32	O
episodes	O
(	O
78	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
plasma	O
ammonium	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
mental	O
status	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
within	O
2	O
days	O
after	O
adequate	O
management	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
hyperammonemic	B-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
can	O
occur	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
.	O

Azotemia	B-Disease
,	O
body	O
fluid	O
insufficiency	O
and	O
bacterial	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
were	O
frequently	O
found	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
therefore	O
important	O
to	O
recognize	O
this	O
condition	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
quinine	B-Chemical
and	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
on	O
conditioned	O
place	O
preference	O
and	O
changes	O
in	O
motor	O
activity	O
induced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

1	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
two	O
unselective	O
potassium	B-Chemical
(	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
)	O
channel	O
blockers	O
,	O
quinine	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
25	O
and	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
on	O
conditioned	O
place	O
preference	O
and	O
biphasic	O
changes	O
in	O
motor	O
activity	O
induced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
were	O
tested	O
in	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

Quinine	B-Chemical
is	O
known	O
to	O
block	O
voltage	O
-	O
,	O
calcium	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
ATP	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
channels	O
while	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
is	O
known	O
to	O
block	O
voltage	O
-	O
sensitive	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
channels	O
.	O

2	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
counterbalanced	O
method	O
,	O
quinine	B-Chemical
attenuated	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
place	O
preference	O
,	O
whereas	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
was	O
ineffective	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
motor	O
activity	O
test	O
measured	O
with	O
an	O
Animex	O
-	O
activity	O
meter	O
neither	O
of	O
the	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
channel	O
blockers	O
affected	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypoactivity	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
both	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
channel	O
blockers	O
prevented	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
secondary	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

3	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
quinine	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
but	O
not	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
channels	O
in	O
morphine	B-Chemical
reward	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
also	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
channels	O
sensitive	O
to	O
these	O
blockers	O
is	O
not	O
sufficient	O
to	O
prevent	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypoactivity	B-Disease
whereas	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
seems	O
to	O
be	O
connected	O
to	O
both	O
quinine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopyridine	I-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
channels	O
.	O

Nociceptin	B-Chemical
/	O
orphanin	B-Chemical
FQ	I-Chemical
and	O
nocistatin	B-Chemical
on	O
learning	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
.	O

1	O
.	O

Nociceptin	B-Chemical
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
orphanin	B-Chemical
FQ	I-Chemical
,	O
is	O
an	O
endogenous	O
ligand	O
for	O
the	O
orphan	O
opioid	O
receptor	O
-	O
like	O
receptor	O
1	O
(	O
ORL1	O
)	O
and	O
involves	O
in	O
various	O
functions	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
CNS	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
nocistatin	B-Chemical
is	O
recently	O
isolated	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
precursor	O
as	O
nociceptin	B-Chemical
and	O
blocks	O
nociceptin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
allodynia	B-Disease
and	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
.	O

2	O
.	O

Although	O
ORL1	O
receptors	O
which	O
display	O
a	O
high	O
degree	O
of	O
sequence	O
homology	O
with	O
classical	O
opioid	O
receptors	O
are	O
abundant	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
,	O
little	O
is	O
known	O
regarding	O
their	O
role	O
in	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
.	O

3	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
nociceptin	B-Chemical
/	O
orphanin	B-Chemical
FQ	I-Chemical
and	O
nocistatin	B-Chemical
could	O
modulate	O
impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
muscarinic	O
cholinergic	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
using	O
spontaneous	O
alternation	O
of	O
Y	O
-	O
maze	O
and	O
step	O
-	O
down	O
type	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
tasks	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

4	O
.	O

While	O
nocistatin	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
nmol	O
mouse	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
administered	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
spontaneous	O
alternation	O
performance	O
or	O
the	O
training	O
session	O
of	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
spontaneous	O
alternation	O
or	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
behaviours	O
,	O
a	O
lower	O
per	O
cent	O
alternation	O
and	O
shorter	O
median	O
step	O
-	O
down	O
latency	O
in	O
the	O
retention	O
test	O
were	O
obtained	O
in	O
nociceptin	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
nmol	O
mouse	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
-	O
treated	O
normal	O
mice	O
.	O

5	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
nocistatin	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
nmol	O
mouse	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
spontaneous	O
alternation	O
performance	O
or	O
the	O
training	O
session	O
of	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
,	O
attenuated	O
the	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
impairment	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
alternation	O
and	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
behaviours	O
.	O

6	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
nocistatin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
new	O
biologically	O
active	O
peptide	O
,	O
ameliorates	O
impairments	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
alternation	O
and	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
suggested	O
that	O
these	O
peptides	O
play	O
opposite	O
roles	O
in	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
.	O

Meloxicam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
female	O
patient	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
acute	O
cytolytic	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
meloxicam	B-Chemical
.	O

Recently	O
introduced	O
in	O
Belgium	O
,	O
meloxicam	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
first	O
nonsteroidal	O
antiinflammatory	O
drug	O
with	O
selective	O
action	O
on	O
the	O
inducible	O
form	O
of	O
cyclooxygenase	O
2	O
.	O

The	O
acute	O
cytolytic	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
occurred	O
rapidly	O
after	O
meloxicam	B-Chemical
administration	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
antinuclear	O
antibodies	O
suggesting	O
a	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
mechanism	O
.	O

This	O
first	O
case	O
of	O
meloxicam	B-Chemical
related	O
liver	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
demonstrates	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
to	O
induce	O
hepatic	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

Induction	O
of	O
apoptosis	O
by	O
remoxipride	B-Chemical
metabolites	O
in	O
HL60	O
and	O
CD34	O
+	O
/	O
CD19	O
-	O
human	O
bone	O
marrow	O
progenitor	O
cells	O
:	O
potential	O
relevance	O
to	O
remoxipride	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
antipsychotic	O
agent	O
,	O
remoxipride	B-Chemical
[	O
(	B-Chemical
S	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bromo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyrrolidinyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dimethoxybenz	I-Chemical
amide	I-Chemical
]	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
acquired	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
remoxipride	B-Chemical
,	O
three	O
pyrrolidine	B-Chemical
ring	O
metabolites	O
and	O
five	O
aromatic	O
ring	O
metabolites	O
of	O
the	O
parent	O
compound	O
to	O
induce	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
HL60	O
cells	O
and	O
human	O
bone	O
marrow	O
progenitor	O
(	O
HBMP	O
)	O
cells	O
.	O

Cells	O
were	O
treated	O
for	O
0	O
-	O
24	O
h	O
with	O
each	O
compound	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
200	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

Apoptosis	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
fluorescence	O
microscopy	O
in	O
Hoechst	B-Chemical
33342	I-Chemical
-	O
and	O
propidium	B-Chemical
iodide	I-Chemical
stained	O
cell	O
samples	O
.	O

Results	O
were	O
confirmed	O
by	O
determination	O
of	O
internucleosomal	O
DNA	O
fragmentation	O
using	O
gel	O
electrophoresis	O
for	O
HL60	O
cell	O
samples	O
and	O
terminal	O
deoxynucleotidyl	O
transferase	O
assay	O
in	O
HBMP	O
cells	O
.	O

The	O
catechol	B-Chemical
and	O
hydroquinone	B-Chemical
metabolites	O
,	O
NCQ436	B-Chemical
and	O
NCQ344	B-Chemical
,	O
induced	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
HL60	O
and	O
HBMP	O
cells	O
in	O
a	O
time	O
-	O
and	O
concentration	O
dependent	O
manner	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
phenols	B-Chemical
,	O
NCR181	O
,	O
FLA873	O
,	O
and	O
FLA797	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
derivatives	O
formed	O
by	O
oxidation	O
of	O
the	O
pyrrolidine	B-Chemical
ring	O
,	O
FLA838	O
,	O
NCM001	O
,	O
and	O
NCL118	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
.	O

No	O
necrosis	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
cells	O
treated	O
with	O
NCQ436	B-Chemical
but	O
NCQ344	B-Chemical
had	O
a	O
biphasic	O
effect	O
in	O
both	O
cell	O
types	O
,	O
inducing	O
apoptosis	O
at	O
lower	O
concentrations	O
and	O
necrosis	B-Disease
at	O
higher	O
concentrations	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
catechol	B-Chemical
and	O
hydroquinone	B-Chemical
metabolites	O
of	O
remoxipride	B-Chemical
have	O
direct	O
toxic	O
effects	O
in	O
HL60	O
and	O
HBMP	O
cells	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
apoptosis	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
phenol	B-Chemical
metabolites	O
were	O
inactive	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
benzene	B-Chemical
-	O
derived	O
catechol	B-Chemical
and	O
hydroquinone	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
phenol	B-Chemical
,	O
induce	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
HBMP	O
cells	O
[	O
Moran	O
et	O
al	O
.	O
,	O
Mol	O
.	O
Pharmacol	O
.	O
,	O
50	O
(	O
1996	O
)	O
610	O
-	O
615	O
]	O
.	O

We	O
propose	O
that	O
remoxipride	B-Chemical
and	O
benzene	B-Chemical
may	O
induce	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
via	O
production	O
of	O
similar	O
reactive	O
metabolites	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
NCQ436	B-Chemical
and	O
NCQ344	B-Chemical
to	O
induce	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
HBMP	O
cells	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
mechanism	O
underlying	O
acquired	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
that	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
remoxipride	B-Chemical
.	O

Synthesis	O
and	O
preliminary	O
pharmacological	O
investigations	O
of	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acenaphthylenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
piperazine	I-Chemical
derivatives	O
as	O
potential	O
atypical	O
antipsychotic	O
agents	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
research	O
towards	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
new	O
atypical	O
antipsychotic	O
agents	O
,	O
one	O
strategy	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
dopaminergic	O
system	O
can	O
be	O
modulated	O
through	O
manipulation	O
of	O
the	O
serotonergic	O
system	O
.	O

The	O
synthesis	O
and	O
preliminary	O
pharmacological	O
evaluation	O
of	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
potential	O
atypical	O
antipsychotic	O
agents	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
structure	O
of	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acenaphthylenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
piperazine	I-Chemical
(	O
7	O
)	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

Compound	O
7e	O
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
{	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acenaphthylenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
piperazinyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
}	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihy	I-Chemical
dro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1H	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
indol	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
,	O
from	O
this	O
series	O
showed	O
significant	O
affinities	O
at	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
HT1A	O
and	O
5	O
-	O
HT2A	O
receptors	O
and	O
moderate	O
affinity	O
at	O
the	O
D2	O
receptor	O
.	O

7e	O
exhibits	O
a	O
high	O
reversal	O
of	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
indicating	O
its	O
atypical	O
antipsychotic	O
nature	O
.	O

Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
inhibition	O
of	O
nitric	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthesis	O
modifies	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
NADPH	B-Chemical
-	O
diaphorase	O
neurons	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
NG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NOARG	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
nitric	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
NOS	O
)	O
,	O
induces	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
undergoes	O
rapid	O
tolerance	O
,	O
showing	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
after	O
2	O
days	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NOARG	I-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
influence	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotransmission	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
.	O

Neuroleptic	O
drugs	O
such	O
as	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
block	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
,	O
also	O
cause	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
rodents	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
subchronic	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NOARG	I-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
NOS	O
neurons	O
in	O
areas	O
related	O
to	O
motor	O
control	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Male	O
albino	O
Swiss	O
mice	O
were	O
treated	O
sub	O
-	O
chronically	O
(	O
twice	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
4	O
days	O
)	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NOARG	I-Chemical
(	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
or	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Catalepsy	B-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
and	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
treatments	O
.	O

Reduced	O
nicotinamide	B-Chemical
adenine	I-Chemical
dinucleotide	I-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
-	O
diaphorase	O
(	O
NADPH	B-Chemical
-	O
d	O
)	O
histochemistry	O
was	O
also	O
employed	O
to	O
visualize	O
NOS	O
as	O
an	O
index	O
of	O
enzyme	O
expression	O
in	O
mice	O
brain	O
regions	O
related	O
to	O
motor	O
control	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NOARG	I-Chemical
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
administration	O
produced	O
tolerance	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NOARG	I-Chemical
and	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
also	O
induced	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
NADPH	B-Chemical
-	O
d	O
-	O
positive	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
dorsal	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
caudate	O
and	O
accumbens	O
nuclei	O
compared	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
and	O
in	O
the	O
pedunculopontine	O
tegmental	O
nucleus	O
compared	O
with	O
saline	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
NADPH	B-Chemical
-	O
d	O
neuron	O
number	O
in	O
the	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
,	O
pars	O
compacta	O
in	O
both	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NOARG	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
give	O
further	O
support	O
to	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
NO	B-Chemical
plays	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
motor	O
behavior	O
control	O
and	O
suggest	O
that	O
it	O
may	O
take	O
part	O
in	O
the	O
synaptic	O
changes	O
produced	O
by	O
antipsychotic	O
treatment	O
.	O

Prolonged	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
occurs	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
after	O
both	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
and	O
exercise	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischaemia	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
whether	O
pharmacological	O
stress	O
leads	O
to	O
prolonged	O
but	O
reversible	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
seen	O
after	O
exercise	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
A	O
randomised	O
crossover	O
study	O
of	O
recovery	O
time	O
of	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
left	O
ventricular	O
function	O
after	O
exercise	O
and	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
induced	O
ischaemia	B-Disease
.	O

SUBJECTS	O
:	O
10	O
patients	O
with	O
stable	B-Disease
angina	I-Disease
,	O
angiographically	O
proven	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
normal	O
left	O
ventricular	O
function	O
.	O

INTERVENTIONS	O
:	O
Treadmill	O
exercise	O
and	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
were	O
performed	O
on	O
different	O
days	O
.	O

Quantitative	O
assessment	O
of	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
left	O
ventricular	O
function	O
was	O
performed	O
using	O
transthoracic	O
echocardiography	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
at	O
regular	O
intervals	O
after	O
each	O
test	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Both	O
forms	O
of	O
stress	O
led	O
to	O
prolonged	O
but	O
reversible	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
maximum	O
double	O
product	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
53	O
)	O
or	O
ST	O
depression	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
63	O
)	O
with	O
either	O
form	O
of	O
stress	O
.	O

After	O
exercise	O
,	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
was	O
reduced	O
at	O
15	O
and	O
30	O
minutes	O
compared	O
with	O
baseline	O
(	O
mean	O
(	O
SEM	O
)	O
,	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
;	O
and	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
30	O
and	O
45	O
minutes	O
after	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
10	O
.	O
8	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
%	O
and	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
%	O
,	O
both	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Regional	O
analysis	O
showed	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
worst	O
affected	O
segment	O
15	O
and	O
30	O
minutes	O
after	O
exercise	O
(	O
-	O
27	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
%	O
and	O
-	O
28	O
.	O
6	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
%	O
,	O
both	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
30	O
minutes	O
after	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
32	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
)	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
isovolumic	O
relaxation	O
period	O
was	O
prolonged	O
45	O
minutes	O
after	O
each	O
form	O
of	O
stress	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
induced	O
ischaemia	B-Disease
results	O
in	O
prolonged	O
reversible	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
presumed	O
to	O
be	O
myocardial	B-Disease
stunning	I-Disease
,	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
seen	O
after	O
exercise	O
.	O

Dobutamine	B-Chemical
induced	O
ischaemia	B-Disease
could	O
therefore	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
this	O
phenomenon	O
further	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Anorexigens	O
and	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
:	O
results	O
from	O
the	O
surveillance	O
of	O
North	O
American	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
use	O
of	O
appetite	O
suppressants	O
in	O
Europe	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
primary	B-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
(	O
PPH	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
fenfluramine	B-Chemical
appetite	O
suppressants	O
became	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
but	O
were	O
withdrawn	O
in	O
September	O
1997	O
because	O
of	O
concerns	O
over	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
conducted	O
a	O
prospective	O
surveillance	O
study	O
on	O
patients	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
at	O
12	O
large	O
referral	O
centers	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
.	O

Data	O
collected	O
on	O
patients	O
seen	O
from	O
September	O
1	O
,	O
1996	O
,	O
to	O
December	O
31	O
,	O
1997	O
,	O
included	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
and	O
its	O
severity	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
no	O
identifiable	O
cause	O
of	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
were	O
classed	O
as	O
PPH	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
history	O
of	O
drug	O
exposure	O
also	O
was	O
taken	O
with	O
special	O
attention	O
on	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
antidepressants	O
,	O
anorexigens	O
,	O
and	O
amphetamines	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Five	O
hundred	O
seventy	O
-	O
nine	O
patients	O
were	O
studied	O
,	O
205	O
with	O
PPH	B-Disease
and	O
374	O
with	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
from	O
other	O
causes	O
(	O
secondary	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
[	O
SPH	O
]	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
anorexigens	O
was	O
common	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
of	O
the	O
medications	O
surveyed	O
,	O
only	O
the	O
fenfluramines	B-Chemical
had	O
a	O
significant	O
preferential	O
association	O
with	O
PPH	B-Disease
as	O
compared	O
with	O
SPH	O
(	O
adjusted	O
odds	O
ratio	O
for	O
use	O
>	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
32	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
association	O
was	O
stronger	O
with	O
longer	O
duration	O
of	O
use	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
shorter	O
duration	O
of	O
use	O
and	O
was	O
more	O
pronounced	O
in	O
recent	O
users	O
than	O
in	O
remote	O
users	O
.	O

An	O
unexpectedly	O
high	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
number	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
SPH	O
had	O
used	O
anorexigens	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
magnitude	O
of	O
the	O
association	O
with	O
PPH	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
association	O
with	O
increasing	O
duration	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
specificity	O
for	O
fenfluramines	B-Chemical
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
previous	O
studies	O
indicating	O
that	O
fenfluramines	B-Chemical
are	O
causally	O
related	O
to	O
PPH	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
high	O
prevalence	O
of	O
anorexigen	O
use	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
SPH	O
also	O
raises	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
these	O
drugs	O
precipitate	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
underlying	O
conditions	O
associated	O
with	O
SPH	O
.	O

Clinical	O
aspects	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
and	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
and	O
other	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
first	O
used	O
to	O
prevent	O
the	O
clotting	O
of	O
blood	O
in	O
vitro	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
clinically	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
for	O
more	O
than	O
50	O
years	O
.	O

Although	O
several	O
new	O
anticoagulant	O
drugs	O
are	O
in	O
development	O
,	O
heparin	B-Chemical
remains	O
the	O
anticoagulant	O
of	O
choice	O
to	O
treat	O
acute	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
episodes	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
effects	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
are	O
meritorious	O
,	O
but	O
side	O
effects	O
do	O
exist	O
.	O

Bleeding	B-Disease
is	O
the	O
primary	O
untoward	O
effect	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
.	O

Major	O
bleeding	B-Disease
is	O
of	O
primary	O
concern	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
additional	O
important	O
untoward	O
effects	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
include	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
,	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
,	O
skin	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
,	O
allergic	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
other	O
than	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
alopecia	B-Disease
,	O
transaminasemia	O
,	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
,	O
hypoaldosteronism	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
priapism	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
side	O
effects	O
are	O
relatively	O
rare	O
in	O
a	O
given	O
individual	O
,	O
but	O
given	O
the	O
extremely	O
widespread	O
use	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
some	O
are	O
quite	O
common	O
,	O
particularly	O
HITT	B-Disease
and	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
reasonable	O
incidences	O
of	O
many	O
of	O
these	O
side	O
effects	O
can	O
be	O
"	O
softly	O
"	O
deduced	O
from	O
current	O
reports	O
dealing	O
with	O
unfractionated	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
at	O
present	O
the	O
incidences	O
of	O
these	O
side	O
effects	O
with	O
newer	O
low	O
molecular	O
weight	O
heparins	B-Chemical
appear	O
to	O
be	O
much	O
less	O
common	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
only	O
longer	O
experience	O
will	O
more	O
clearly	O
define	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
each	O
side	O
effect	O
with	O
low	O
molecular	O
weight	O
preparations	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
bilateral	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
on	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
FK506	B-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
bilateral	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
receiving	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
,	O
Prograf	O
;	O
Fujisawa	O
USA	O
,	O
Inc	O
,	O
Deerfield	O
,	O
Illinois	O
)	O
for	O
immunosuppression	O
after	O
orthotropic	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Case	O
report	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
58	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
receiving	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
after	O
orthotropic	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
,	O
serial	O
neuro	O
-	O
ophthalmologic	O
examinations	O
and	O
laboratory	O
studies	O
were	O
performed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
patient	O
had	O
episodic	O
deterioration	O
of	O
vision	O
in	O
both	O
eyes	O
,	O
with	O
clinical	O
features	O
resembling	O
ischemic	B-Disease
optic	I-Disease
neuropathies	I-Disease
.	O

Deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
vision	I-Disease
occurred	O
despite	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
immunosuppressive	O
agents	O
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
optic	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Hypercalcemia	B-Disease
,	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
.	O

Recent	O
findings	O
in	O
a	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patient	O
receiving	O
maintenance	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
who	O
developed	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
and	O
severe	O
bradyarrhythmia	B-Disease
prompted	O
the	O
authors	O
to	O
conduct	O
a	O
retrospective	O
study	O
of	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
printout	O
of	O
all	O
cases	O
of	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
that	O
presented	O
during	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
was	O
generated	O
.	O

After	O
eliminating	O
spurious	O
hypercalcemias	B-Disease
or	O
those	O
associated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
fluids	O
,	O
the	O
authors	O
identified	O
18	O
non	O
-	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
with	O
hypercalcemias	B-Disease
related	O
to	O
malignancies	B-Disease
and	O
other	O
medical	O
conditions	O
(	O
group	O
A	O
)	O
and	O
12	O
patients	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
(	O
group	O
B	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
in	O
group	O
B	O
were	O
not	O
comparable	O
to	O
those	O
in	O
group	O
A	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
latter	O
were	O
medically	O
compromised	O
and	O
were	O
receiving	O
multiple	O
pharmacotherapies	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
two	O
control	O
groups	O
were	O
generated	O
:	O
group	O
C1	O
,	O
which	O
included	O
age	O
-	O
and	O
sex	O
-	O
comparable	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
bipolar	B-Disease
normocalcemic	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
group	O
C2	O
,	O
which	O
included	O
bipolar	B-Disease
normocalcemic	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
anticonvulsant	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
.	O

The	O
electrocardiographic	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
findings	O
for	O
patients	O
in	O
group	O
B	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
groups	O
C1	O
and	O
C2	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
these	O
groups	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
in	O
their	O
overall	O
frequency	O
of	O
ECG	O
abnormalities	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
conduction	O
defects	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
resulting	O
from	O
medical	O
diseases	O
and	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
had	O
significantly	O
higher	O
frequencies	O
of	O
conduction	O
defects	O
.	O

Patients	O
in	O
group	O
A	O
had	O
significant	O
mortality	O
at	O
2	O
-	O
year	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
(	O
28	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
zero	O
mortality	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
three	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
implications	O
of	O
these	O
findings	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Attenuation	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
by	O
a	O
novel	O
lipid	O
nanosphere	O
(	O
NS	O
-	O
718	O
)	O
incorporating	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
.	O

NS	O
-	O
718	O
,	O
a	O
lipid	O
nanosphere	O
incorporating	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
,	O
is	O
effective	O
against	O
pathogenic	O
fungi	O
and	O
has	O
low	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
NS	O
-	O
718	O
with	O
that	O
of	O
Fungizone	B-Chemical
(	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
deoxycholate	I-Chemical
;	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AmB	I-Chemical
)	O
in	O
vitro	O
using	O
renal	O
cell	O
cultures	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
by	O
biochemical	O
analysis	O
,	O
histopathological	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
kidney	O
and	O
pharmacokinetic	O
study	O
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
following	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
the	O
formulation	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Incubation	O
with	O
NS	O
-	O
718	O
resulted	O
in	O
significantly	O
less	O
damage	O
of	O
cultured	O
human	O
renal	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
epithelial	O
cells	O
compared	O
with	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AmB	I-Chemical
.	O

Serum	O
blood	O
urea	B-Chemical
and	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
increased	O
significantly	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
an	O
iv	O
infusion	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AmB	I-Chemical
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
the	O
same	O
dose	O
of	O
NS	O
-	O
718	O
.	O

Histopathological	O
examination	O
of	O
the	O
kidney	O
showed	O
tubular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
in	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AmB	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
but	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
NS	O
-	O
718	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
concentrations	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
in	O
NS	O
-	O
718	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
were	O
higher	O
than	O
those	O
in	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AmB	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Our	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
incorporation	O
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
into	O
lipid	O
nanospheres	O
of	O
NS	O
-	O
718	O
attenuates	O
the	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
.	O

Patterns	O
of	O
sulfadiazine	B-Chemical
acute	B-Disease
nephrotoxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Sulfadiazine	B-Chemical
acute	B-Disease
nephrotoxicity	I-Disease
is	O
reviving	O
specially	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
use	O
in	O
toxoplasmosis	B-Disease
in	O
HIV	O
-	O
positive	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
4	O
cases	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
them	O
in	O
a	O
previously	O
healthy	O
person	O
.	O

Under	O
treatment	O
with	O
sulfadiazine	B-Chemical
they	O
developed	O
oliguria	B-Disease
,	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
showed	O
multiple	O
radiolucent	O
renal	B-Disease
calculi	I-Disease
in	O
echography	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
recovered	O
their	O
previous	O
normal	O
renal	O
function	O
after	O
adequate	O
hydration	O
and	O
alcalinization	O
.	O

A	O
nephrostomy	O
tube	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
placed	O
in	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
for	O
ureteral	B-Disease
lithiasis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
single	O
functional	O
kidney	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
them	O
needed	O
dialysis	O
or	O
a	O
renal	O
biopsy	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
typical	O
benign	O
course	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
sulfadiazine	B-Chemical
requires	O
exquisite	O
control	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
water	O
ingestion	O
and	O
possibly	O
the	O
alcalinization	O
of	O
the	O
urine	O
.	O

We	O
communicate	O
a	O
case	O
in	O
a	O
previously	O
healthy	O
person	O
,	O
a	O
fact	O
not	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
recent	O
literature	O
.	O

Probably	O
many	O
more	O
cases	O
are	O
not	O
detected	O
.	O

We	O
think	O
that	O
a	O
prospective	O
study	O
would	O
be	O
useful	O
.	O

Downbeat	B-Disease
nystagmus	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
patient	O
-	O
controlled	O
administration	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

IMPLICATIONS	O
:	O
This	O
case	O
documents	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
dizziness	B-Disease
with	O
downbeating	B-Disease
nystagmus	I-Disease
while	O
receiving	O
a	O
relatively	O
large	O
dose	O
of	O
IV	O
patient	O
-	O
controlled	O
analgesia	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
case	O
reports	O
of	O
epidural	O
morphine	B-Chemical
with	O
these	O
symptoms	O
and	O
signs	O
,	O
this	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
previously	O
documented	O
with	O
IV	O
or	O
patient	O
-	O
controlled	O
analgesia	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Hemodynamic	O
and	O
antiadrenergic	O
effects	O
of	O
dronedarone	B-Chemical
and	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
in	O
animals	O
with	O
a	O
healed	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
hemodynamic	O
and	O
antiadrenergic	O
effects	O
of	O
dronedarone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
noniodinated	O
compound	O
structurally	O
related	O
to	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
,	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
after	O
prolonged	O
oral	O
administration	O
,	O
both	O
at	O
rest	O
and	O
during	O
sympathetic	O
stimulation	O
in	O
conscious	O
dogs	O
with	O
a	O
healed	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

All	O
dogs	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
randomly	O
received	O
orally	O
dronedarone	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
and	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
and	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
placebo	O
twice	O
daily	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
washout	O
between	O
consecutive	O
treatments	O
.	O

Heart	O
rate	O
(	O
HR	O
)	O
,	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
MBP	O
)	O
,	O
positive	O
rate	O
of	O
increase	O
of	O
left	O
ventricular	O
pressure	O
(	O
+	O
LVdP	O
/	O
dt	O
)	O
,	O
echocardiographically	O
assessed	O
left	O
ventricular	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
(	O
LVEF	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
fractional	O
shortening	O
(	O
FS	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
chronotropic	O
response	O
to	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
and	O
exercise	O
-	O
induced	O
sympathetic	O
stimulation	O
were	O
evaluated	O
under	O
baseline	O
and	O
posttreatment	O
conditions	O
.	O

Resting	O
values	O
of	O
LVEF	O
,	O
FS	O
,	O
+	O
LVdP	O
/	O
dt	O
,	O
and	O
MBP	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
whatever	O
the	O
drug	O
and	O
the	O
dosing	O
regimen	O
,	O
whereas	O
resting	O
HR	O
was	O
significantly	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
lowered	O
after	O
dronedarone	B-Chemical
and	O
to	O
a	O
lesser	O
extent	O
after	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
.	O

Both	O
dronedarone	B-Chemical
and	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
exercise	O
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
and	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
,	O
decreased	O
the	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
dronedarone	B-Chemical
and	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
displayed	O
a	O
similar	O
level	O
of	O
antiadrenergic	O
effect	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
impair	O
the	O
resting	O
left	O
ventricular	O
function	O
.	O

Consequently	O
,	O
dronedarone	B-Chemical
might	O
be	O
particularly	O
suitable	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
and	O
prevention	O
of	O
various	O
clinical	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
,	O
without	O
compromising	O
the	O
left	O
ventricular	O
function	O
.	O

Phase	O
2	O
trial	O
of	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
in	O
platinum	B-Chemical
/	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
-	O
refractory	O
ovarian	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
fallopian	I-Disease
tube	I-Disease
cancers	I-Disease
and	O
primary	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
peritoneum	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Several	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
Doxil	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
active	O
antineoplastic	O
agent	O
in	O
platinum	B-Chemical
-	O
resistant	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
dose	O
limiting	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
standard	O
dosing	O
regimen	O
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
q	O
4	O
weeks	O
)	O
being	O
severe	O
erythrodysesthesia	B-Disease
(	O
"	O
hand	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
foot	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
"	O
)	O
and	O
stomatitis	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
wished	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
more	O
tolerable	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
regimen	O
and	O
document	O
its	O
level	O
of	O
activity	O
in	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
defined	O
patient	O
population	O
with	O
platinum	B-Chemical
/	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
-	O
refractory	O
disease	O
.	O

METHODS	O
AND	O
MATERIALS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
ovarian	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
fallopian	I-Disease
tube	I-Disease
cancers	I-Disease
or	O
primary	O
peritoneal	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
with	O
platinum	B-Chemical
/	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
-	O
refractory	O
disease	O
(	O
stable	O
or	O
progressive	O
disease	O
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
these	O
agents	O
or	O
previous	O
objective	O
response	O
<	O
3	O
months	O
in	O
duration	O
)	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
q	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
49	O
patients	O
(	O
median	O
age	O
:	O
60	O
;	O
range	O
41	O
-	O
81	O
)	O
entered	O
this	O
phase	O
2	O
trial	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
number	O
of	O
prior	O
regimens	O
was	O
2	O
(	O
range	O
:	O
1	O
-	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

Six	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
4	O
(	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
experienced	O
grade	O
2	O
hand	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
foot	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
stomatitis	B-Disease
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
no	O
episodes	O
of	O
grade	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
developed	O
grade	O
3	O
diarrhea	B-Disease
requiring	O
hospitalization	O
for	O
hydration	O
.	O

Six	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
individuals	O
required	O
dose	O
reductions	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
number	O
of	O
courses	O
of	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
administered	O
on	O
this	O
protocol	O
was	O
2	O
(	O
range	O
:	O
1	O
-	O
12	O
)	O
.	O

Four	O
of	O
44	O
patients	O
(	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
evaluable	O
for	O
response	O
exhibited	O
objective	O
and	O
subjective	O
evidence	O
of	O
an	O
antineoplastic	O
effect	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
modified	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
regimen	O
results	O
in	O
less	O
toxicity	B-Disease
(	O
stomatitis	B-Disease
,	O
hand	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
foot	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
)	O
than	O
the	O
standard	O
FDA	O
-	O
approved	O
dose	O
schedule	O
.	O

Definite	O
,	O
although	O
limited	O
,	O
antineoplastic	O
activity	O
is	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
well	O
-	O
defined	O
platinum	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
-	O
refractory	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Efficacy	O
of	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
in	O
acute	O
bipolar	B-Disease
mania	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
Olanzipine	B-Chemical
HGGW	O
Study	O
Group	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
We	O
compared	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
vs	O
placebo	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
acute	O
bipolar	B-Disease
mania	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Four	O
-	O
week	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
parallel	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
115	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
,	O
manic	B-Disease
or	O
mixed	O
,	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
,	O
5	O
to	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
55	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
60	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
efficacy	O
measure	O
was	O
the	O
Young	O
-	O
Mania	B-Disease
Rating	O
Scale	O
(	O
Y	O
-	O
MRS	O
)	O
total	O
score	O
.	O

Response	O
and	O
euthymia	O
were	O
defined	O
,	O
a	O
priori	O
,	O
as	O
at	O
least	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
improvement	O
from	O
baseline	O
to	O
end	O
point	O
and	O
as	O
a	O
score	O
of	O
no	O
less	O
than	O
12	O
at	O
end	O
point	O
in	O
the	O
Y	O
-	O
MRS	O
total	O
score	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Safety	O
was	O
assessed	O
using	O
adverse	O
events	O
,	O
Extrapyramidal	B-Disease
Symptom	I-Disease
(	O
EPS	B-Disease
)	O
rating	O
scales	O
,	O
laboratory	O
values	O
,	O
electrocardiograms	O
,	O
vital	O
signs	O
,	O
and	O
weight	O
change	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Olanzapine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
greater	O
mean	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
improvement	O
in	O
Y	O
-	O
MRS	O
total	O
score	O
than	O
placebo	O
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
(	O
-	O
14	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
7	O
,	O
respectively	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
evident	O
at	O
the	O
first	O
postbaseline	O
observation	O
1	O
week	O
after	O
randomization	O
and	O
was	O
maintained	O
throughout	O
the	O
study	O
(	O
last	O
observation	O
carried	O
forward	O
)	O
.	O

Olanzapine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
higher	O
rate	O
of	O
response	O
(	O
65	O
%	O
vs	O
43	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
and	O
euthymia	O
(	O
61	O
%	O
vs	O
36	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
than	O
placebo	O
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
statistically	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
EPSs	B-Disease
between	O
groups	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
greater	O
mean	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
than	O
placebo	O
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
vs	O
0	O
.	O
45	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
kg	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
and	O
also	O
experienced	O
more	O
treatment	O
-	O
emergent	O
somnolence	B-Disease
(	O
21	O
patients	O
[	O
38	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
]	O
vs	O
5	O
[	O
8	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
]	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Olanzapine	B-Chemical
demonstrated	O
greater	O
efficacy	O
than	O
placebo	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
acute	O
bipolar	B-Disease
mania	I-Disease
and	O
was	O
generally	O
well	O
tolerated	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
pupil	B-Disease
dilation	I-Disease
with	O
tropicamide	B-Chemical
on	O
vision	O
and	O
driving	O
simulator	O
performance	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
pupil	B-Disease
dilation	I-Disease
on	O
vision	O
and	O
driving	O
ability	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
series	O
of	O
tests	O
on	O
various	O
parameters	O
of	O
visual	O
function	O
and	O
driving	O
simulator	O
performance	O
were	O
performed	O
on	O
12	O
healthy	O
drivers	O
,	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
pupil	B-Disease
dilation	I-Disease
using	O
guttae	O
tropicamide	B-Chemical
1	O
%	O
.	O

A	O
driving	O
simulator	O
(	O
Transport	O
Research	O
Laboratory	O
)	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
measure	O
reaction	O
time	O
(	O
RT	O
)	O
,	O
speed	O
maintenance	O
and	O
steering	O
accuracy	O
.	O

Tests	O
of	O
basic	O
visual	O
function	O
included	O
high	O
-	O
and	O
low	O
-	O
contrast	O
visual	O
acuity	O
(	O
HCVA	O
and	O
LCVA	O
)	O
,	O
Pelli	O
-	O
Robson	O
contrast	O
threshold	O
(	O
CT	O
)	O
and	O
Goldmann	O
perimetry	O
(	O
FIELDS	O
)	O
.	O

Useful	O
Field	O
of	O
View	O
(	O
UFOV	O
-	O
-	O
a	O
test	O
of	O
visual	O
attention	O
)	O
was	O
also	O
undertaken	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
pre	O
-	O
and	O
post	O
-	O
dilatation	O
measurements	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
statistical	O
significance	O
at	O
the	O
95	O
%	O
level	O
using	O
one	O
-	O
tail	O
paired	O
t	O
-	O
tests	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Pupillary	B-Disease
dilation	I-Disease
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
deterioration	O
in	O
CT	O
and	O
HCVA	O
only	O
.	O

Five	O
of	O
12	O
drivers	O
also	O
exhibited	O
deterioration	O
in	O
LCVA	O
,	O
CT	O
and	O
RT	O
.	O

Little	O
evidence	O
emerged	O
for	O
deterioration	O
in	O
FIELDS	O
and	O
UFOV	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
7	O
of	O
12	O
drivers	O
appeared	O
to	O
adjust	O
their	O
driving	O
behaviour	O
by	O
reducing	O
their	O
speed	O
on	O
the	O
driving	O
simulator	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
improved	O
steering	O
accuracy	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Pupillary	B-Disease
dilation	I-Disease
may	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
vision	O
and	O
daylight	O
driving	O
performance	O
in	O
young	O
people	O
.	O

A	O
larger	O
study	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
broader	O
spectrum	O
of	O
subjects	O
,	O
is	O
warranted	O
before	O
guidelines	O
can	O
be	O
recommended	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
isotretinoin	B-Disease
embryopathy	I-Disease
with	O
bilateral	O
anotia	B-Disease
and	O
Taussig	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Bing	I-Disease
malformation	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
newborn	O
infant	O
with	O
multiple	O
congenital	O
anomalies	O
(	O
anotia	B-Disease
and	O
Taussig	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Bing	I-Disease
malformation	I-Disease
)	O
due	O
to	O
exposure	O
to	O
isotretinoin	B-Chemical
within	O
the	O
first	O
trimester	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
paper	O
we	O
aim	O
to	O
draw	O
to	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
caution	O
is	O
needed	O
when	O
prescribing	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
drugs	O
to	O
women	O
of	O
childbearing	O
years	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
methoxamine	B-Chemical
on	O
maximum	O
urethral	O
pressure	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
genuine	O
stress	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
potential	O
role	O
for	O
a	O
selective	O
alpha1	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
agonist	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
urinary	B-Disease
stress	I-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
randomised	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
crossover	O
study	O
design	O
was	O
employed	O
.	O

Half	O
log	O
incremental	O
doses	O
of	O
intravenous	O
methoxamine	B-Chemical
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
saline	O
)	O
were	O
administered	O
to	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
genuine	O
stress	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
while	O
measuring	O
maximum	O
urethral	O
pressure	O
(	O
MUP	O
)	O
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
symptomatic	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Methoxamine	B-Chemical
evoked	O
non	O
-	O
significant	O
increases	O
in	O
MUP	O
and	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
but	O
caused	O
a	B-Disease
significant	I-Disease
rise	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	O
significant	O
fall	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
at	O
maximum	O
dosage	O
.	O

Systemic	O
side	O
effects	O
including	O
piloerection	O
,	O
headache	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
cold	O
extremities	O
were	O
experienced	O
in	O
all	O
subjects	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
clinical	O
usefulness	O
of	O
direct	O
,	O
peripherally	O
acting	O
sub	O
-	O
type	O
-	O
selective	O
alpha1	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
agonists	O
in	O
the	O
medical	O
treatment	O
of	O
stress	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
limited	O
by	O
associated	O
piloerection	O
and	O
cardiovascular	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Hyperglycemic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
amino	B-Chemical
compounds	O
structurally	O
related	O
to	O
caproate	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
chronic	O
feeding	O
of	O
small	O
amounts	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
diet	O
weight	O
)	O
of	O
certain	O
amino	B-Chemical
derivatives	O
of	O
caproate	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
hyperglycemia	B-Disease
,	O
an	O
elevated	O
glucose	B-Chemical
tolerance	O
curve	O
and	O
,	O
occasionally	O
,	O
glucosuria	B-Disease
.	O

Effective	O
compounds	O
included	O
norleucine	B-Chemical
,	O
norvaline	B-Chemical
,	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
,	O
epsilon	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminocaproate	I-Chemical
,	O
methionine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
leucine	B-Chemical
.	O

Toleration	O
of	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
:	O
results	O
from	O
the	O
ATLAS	O
trial	O
.	O

The	O
Assessment	O
of	O
Treatment	O
with	O
Lisinopril	B-Chemical
and	O
Survival	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Treatment	O
with	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ACE	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
reduces	O
mortality	O
and	O
morbidity	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CHF	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
but	O
most	O
affected	O
patients	O
are	O
not	O
receiving	O
these	O
agents	O
or	O
are	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
doses	O
lower	O
than	O
those	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
efficacious	O
in	O
trials	O
,	O
primarily	O
because	O
of	O
concerns	O
about	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
these	O
agents	O
,	O
especially	O
at	O
the	O
recommended	O
doses	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
examines	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
compared	O
with	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
lisinopril	B-Chemical
in	O
CHF	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
Assessment	O
of	O
Lisinopril	B-Chemical
and	O
Survival	O
study	O
was	O
a	O
multicenter	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trial	O
in	O
which	O
patients	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
previous	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
treatment	O
were	O
stabilized	O
receiving	O
medium	O
-	O
dose	O
lisinopril	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
or	O
15	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
once	O
daily	O
[	O
OD	O
]	O
)	O
for	O
2	O
to	O
4	O
weeks	O
and	O
then	O
randomized	O
to	O
high	O
-	O
(	O
35	O
.	O
0	O
or	O
32	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
OD	O
)	O
or	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
or	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
OD	O
)	O
groups	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
New	O
York	O
Heart	O
Association	O
classes	O
II	O
to	O
IV	O
CHF	B-Disease
and	O
left	O
ventricular	O
ejection	O
fractions	O
of	O
no	O
greater	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
30	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
3164	O
)	O
were	O
randomized	O
and	O
followed	O
up	O
for	O
a	O
median	O
of	O
46	O
months	O
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
and	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
discontinuation	O
and	O
dose	O
reduction	O
during	O
treatment	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
focus	O
on	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Of	O
405	O
patients	O
not	O
previously	O
receiving	O
an	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
,	O
doses	O
in	O
only	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
titrated	O
to	O
the	O
medium	O
doses	O
required	O
for	O
randomization	O
because	O
of	O
symptoms	O
possibly	O
related	O
to	O
hypotension	B-Disease
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
or	O
because	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
or	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
(	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Doses	O
in	O
more	O
than	O
90	O
%	O
of	O
randomized	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
and	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
groups	O
were	O
titrated	O
to	O
their	O
assigned	O
target	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mean	O
doses	O
of	O
blinded	O
medication	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
remained	O
similar	O
throughout	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Withdrawals	O
occurred	O
in	O
27	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
and	O
30	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
groups	O
.	O

Subgroups	O
presumed	O
to	O
be	O
at	O
higher	O
risk	O
for	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
intolerance	O
(	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
<	O
120	O
mm	O
Hg	O
;	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
,	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
132	O
.	O
6	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
[	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
]	O
;	O
age	O
,	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
70	O
years	O
;	O
and	O
patients	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
)	O
generally	O
tolerated	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
strategy	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
most	O
patients	O
with	O
CHF	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
successfully	O
titrated	O
to	O
and	O
maintained	O
at	O
high	O
doses	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
more	O
aggressive	O
use	O
of	O
these	O
agents	O
is	O
warranted	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
cocaethylene	B-Chemical
cardiotoxity	B-Disease
in	O
an	O
animal	O
model	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
ethanol	I-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Simultaneous	O
abuse	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
cocaine	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
ethanol	I-Disease
affects	O
12	O
million	O
Americans	O
annually	O
.	O

In	O
combination	O
,	O
these	O
substances	O
are	O
substantially	O
more	O
toxic	O
than	O
either	O
drug	O
alone	O
.	O

Their	O
combined	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
independent	O
effects	O
of	O
each	O
drug	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
they	O
may	O
also	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
cocaethylene	B-Chemical
(	O
CE	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
metabolite	O
formed	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
delineate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
CE	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
combined	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
model	O
simulating	O
their	O
abuse	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
three	O
dogs	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
either	O
1	O
)	O
three	O
intravenous	O
(	O
IV	O
)	O
boluses	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
7	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
with	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
g	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
as	O
an	O
IV	O
infusion	O
(	O
C	O
+	O
E	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
2	O
)	O
three	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
boluses	O
only	O
(	O
C	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
3	O
)	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
infusion	O
only	O
(	O
E	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
4	O
)	O
placebo	O
boluses	O
and	O
infusion	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

Hemodynamic	O
measurements	O
,	O
electrocardiograms	O
,	O
and	O
serum	O
drug	O
concentrations	O
were	O
obtained	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
at	O
fixed	O
time	O
intervals	O
after	O
each	O
drug	O
was	O
administered	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Two	O
of	O
eight	O
dogs	O
in	O
the	O
C	O
+	O
E	O
group	O
experienced	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
collapse	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
most	O
dramatic	O
hemodynamic	O
changes	O
occurred	O
after	O
each	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
bolus	O
in	O
the	O
C	O
+	O
E	O
and	O
C	O
only	O
groups	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
persistent	O
hemodynamic	O
changes	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
C	O
+	O
E	O
group	O
.	O

Peak	O
CE	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
45	O
%	O
(	O
SD	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
22	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
22	O
%	O
to	O
69	O
%	O
)	O
decrease	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
output	I-Disease
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
56	O
%	O
(	O
SD	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
23	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
32	O
%	O
to	O
80	O
%	O
)	O
decrease	O
in	O
dP	O
/	O
dt	O
(	O
max	O
)	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
.	O
006	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
23	O
%	O
(	O
SD	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
15	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
7	O
%	O
to	O
49	O
%	O
)	O
decrease	O
in	O
SVO	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

Ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
were	O
primarily	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
C	O
+	O
E	O
group	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
four	O
of	O
eight	O
dogs	O
experienced	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
were	O
more	O
toxic	O
than	O
either	O
substance	O
alone	O
.	O

Co	O
-	O
administration	O
resulted	O
in	O
prolonged	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
and	O
was	O
dysrhythmogenic	O
.	O

Peak	O
serum	O
cocaethylene	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
prolonged	O
myocardial	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

Worsening	O
of	O
Parkinsonism	B-Disease
after	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
veralipride	B-Chemical
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
menopause	O
:	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
female	O
patient	O
with	O
stable	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
has	O
shown	O
a	O
marked	O
worsening	O
of	O
her	O
motor	O
functions	O
following	O
therapy	O
of	O
menopause	O
related	O
symptoms	O
with	O
veralipride	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
improvement	O
of	O
her	O
symptoms	O
back	O
to	O
baseline	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

We	O
emphasize	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
dopaminergic	O
effect	O
of	O
veralipride	B-Chemical
.	O

Viracept	B-Chemical
and	O
irregular	B-Disease
heartbeat	I-Disease
warning	O
.	O

A	O
group	O
of	O
doctors	O
in	O
Boston	O
warn	O
that	O
the	O
protease	O
inhibitor	O
Viracept	B-Chemical
may	O
cause	O
an	O
irregular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
beat	I-Disease
,	O
known	O
as	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
people	O
with	O
HIV	O
.	O

Bradycardia	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
a	O
45	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
patient	O
who	O
was	O
Viracept	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
anti	O
-	O
HIV	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
symptoms	O
ceased	O
after	O
switching	O
to	O
another	O
drug	O
combination	O
.	O

Frequency	O
of	O
appearance	O
of	O
myeloperoxidase	O
-	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
antibody	O
(	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
)	O
in	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
and	O
clinical	O
manifestations	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Myeloperoxidase	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
antibody	O
(	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
)	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
(	O
PTU	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

The	O
appearance	O
of	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
in	O
these	O
cases	O
was	O
suspected	O
of	O
being	O
related	O
to	O
PTU	B-Chemical
because	O
the	O
titres	O
of	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
decreased	O
when	O
PTU	B-Chemical
was	O
stopped	O
.	O

Nevertheless	O
,	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
no	O
studies	O
on	O
the	O
temporal	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
and	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
during	O
PTU	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
or	O
on	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
in	O
untreated	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
we	O
sought	O
to	O
address	O
these	O
parameters	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
We	O
investigated	O
102	O
untreated	O
patients	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
for	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
after	O
starting	O
PTU	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
nine	O
of	O
them	O
were	O
later	O
excluded	O
because	O
of	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
PTU	B-Chemical
or	O
because	O
the	O
observation	O
period	O
was	O
less	O
than	O
3	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
73	O
patients	O
(	O
55	O
women	O
and	O
18	O
men	O
)	O
,	O
all	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
examined	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
were	O
adopted	O
as	O
the	O
subjects	O
of	O
the	O
investigation	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
observation	O
period	O
was	O
23	O
.	O
6	O
months	O
(	O
range	O
:	O
3	O
-	O
37	O
months	O
)	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
:	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
was	O
measured	O
at	O
intervals	O
of	O
2	O
-	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Before	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
titres	O
of	O
all	O
102	O
untreated	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
were	O
within	O
the	O
reference	O
range	O
(	O
below	O
10	O
U	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

Three	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
73	O
patients	O
were	O
positive	O
for	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
at	O
13	O
,	O
16	O
and	O
17	O
months	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
PTU	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

In	O
two	O
of	O
them	O
,	O
the	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
titres	O
transiently	O
increased	O
to	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
and	O
15	O
.	O
0	O
U	O
/	O
ml	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
despite	O
continued	O
PTU	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
vasculitic	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
developed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
third	O
patient	O
,	O
the	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
titre	O
increased	O
to	O
204	O
U	O
/	O
ml	O
and	O
she	O
developed	O
a	O
higher	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
oral	B-Disease
ulcers	I-Disease
and	O
polyarthralgia	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
the	O
symptoms	O
resolved	O
2	O
weeks	O
after	O
stopping	O
PTU	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
titre	O
decreased	O
to	O
20	O
.	O
7	O
U	O
/	O
ml	O
by	O
4	O
months	O
after	O
discontinuing	O
PTU	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
PTU	B-Chemical
therapy	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
,	O
but	O
MPO	O
-	O
ANCA	O
does	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
closely	O
related	O
to	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
.	O

Prevalence	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
asymptomatic	O
chronic	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
outpatient	O
young	O
asymptomatic	O
chronic	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
,	O
35	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
and	O
32	O
age	O
-	O
matched	O
controls	O
underwent	O
resting	O
and	O
exercise	O
electrocardiography	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
and	O
Doppler	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Findings	O
consistent	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
were	O
detected	O
in	O
12	O
(	O
34	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
and	O
3	O
(	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
controls	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Decreased	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
function	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
5	O
(	O
14	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
controls	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
055	O
)	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
resting	O
and	O
peak	O
exercise	O
abnormal	B-Disease
left	I-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
filling	I-Disease
was	O
detected	O
in	O
38	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
19	O
and	O
9	O
%	O
of	O
controls	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
11	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
is	O
common	O
(	O
38	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
young	O
asymptomatic	O
chronic	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
screening	O
ECG	O
and	O
echocardiography	O
may	O
be	O
warranted	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

Cardioprotective	O
effects	O
of	O
Picrorrhiza	O
kurroa	O
against	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	O
stress	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
cardioprotective	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
extract	O
of	O
Picrorrhiza	O
kurroa	O
rhizomes	O
and	O
roots	O
(	O
PK	O
)	O
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
lipid	O
metabolism	O
in	O
serum	O
and	O
heart	O
tissue	O
has	O
been	O
investigated	O
.	O

Oral	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
PK	O
(	O
80	O
mg	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
day	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
for	O
15	O
days	O
)	O
significantly	O
prevented	O
the	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
and	O
maintained	O
the	O
rats	O
at	O
near	O
normal	O
status	O
.	O

Phase	O
2	O
early	O
afterdepolarization	O
as	O
a	O
trigger	O
of	O
polymorphic	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
in	O
acquired	O
long	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
QT	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
:	O
direct	O
evidence	O
from	O
intracellular	O
recordings	O
in	O
the	O
intact	O
left	O
ventricular	O
wall	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
examined	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
phase	O
2	O
early	O
afterdepolarization	O
(	O
EAD	O
)	O
in	O
producing	O
a	O
trigger	O
to	O
initiate	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TdP	B-Disease
)	O
with	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
dl	O
-	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
and	O
azimilide	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
contribution	O
of	O
transmural	O
dispersion	O
of	O
repolarization	O
(	O
TDR	O
)	O
to	O
transmural	O
propagation	O
of	O
EAD	O
and	O
the	O
maintenance	O
of	O
TdP	B-Disease
was	O
also	O
evaluated	O
.	O

METHODS	O
AND	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
Transmembrane	O
action	O
potentials	O
from	O
epicardium	O
,	O
midmyocardium	O
,	O
and	O
endocardium	O
were	O
recorded	O
simultaneously	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
transmural	O
ECG	O
,	O
in	O
arterially	O
perfused	O
canine	O
and	O
rabbit	O
left	O
ventricular	O
preparations	O
.	O

dl	O
-	O
Sotalol	B-Chemical
preferentially	O
prolonged	O
action	O
potential	O
duration	O
(	O
APD	O
)	O
in	O
M	O
cells	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
(	O
1	O
to	O
100	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
TDR	O
.	O

Azimilide	B-Chemical
,	O
however	O
,	O
significantly	O
prolonged	O
APD	O
and	O
QT	O
interval	O
at	O
concentrations	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
10	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
but	O
shortened	O
them	O
at	O
30	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
.	O

Unlike	O
dl	O
-	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
,	O
azimilide	B-Chemical
(	O
>	O
3	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
increased	O
epicardial	O
APD	O
markedly	O
,	O
causing	O
a	O
diminished	O
TDR	O
.	O

Although	O
both	O
dl	O
-	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
and	O
azimilide	B-Chemical
rarely	O
induced	O
EADs	O
in	O
canine	O
left	O
ventricles	O
,	O
they	O
produced	O
frequent	O
EADs	O
in	O
rabbits	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
more	O
pronounced	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
was	O
seen	O
.	O

An	O
increase	O
in	O
TDR	O
by	O
dl	O
-	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
facilitated	O
transmural	O
propagation	O
of	O
EADs	O
that	O
initiated	O
multiple	O
episodes	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
TdP	B-Disease
in	O
3	O
of	O
6	O
rabbit	O
left	O
ventricles	O
.	O

Of	O
note	O
,	O
although	O
azimilide	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
to	O
10	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
increased	O
APD	O
more	O
than	O
dl	O
-	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
,	O
its	O
EADs	O
often	O
failed	O
to	O
propagate	O
transmurally	O
,	O
probably	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
diminished	O
TDR	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
provides	O
the	O
first	O
direct	O
evidence	O
from	O
intracellular	O
action	O
potential	O
recordings	O
that	O
phase	O
2	O
EAD	O
can	O
be	O
generated	O
from	O
intact	O
ventricular	O
wall	O
and	O
produce	O
a	O
trigger	O
to	O
initiate	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
TdP	B-Disease
under	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
pilot	O
study	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
echocardiography	O
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
evaluation	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
poses	O
a	O
diagnostic	O
dilemma	O
.	O

Dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
echocardiography	O
(	O
DSE	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
widely	O
available	O
and	O
sensitive	O
test	O
for	O
evaluating	O
cardiac	O
ischemia	B-Disease
.	O

Because	O
of	O
the	O
theoretical	O
concern	O
regarding	O
administration	O
of	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
pilot	O
study	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
DSE	O
in	O
emergency	O
department	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
prospective	O
case	O
series	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
the	O
intensive	O
diagnostic	O
and	O
treatment	O
unit	O
in	O
the	O
ED	O
of	O
an	O
urban	O
tertiary	O
-	O
care	O
teaching	O
hospital	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
eligible	O
for	O
DSE	O
if	O
they	O
had	O
used	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
within	O
24	O
hours	O
preceding	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
had	O
a	O
normal	O
ECG	O
and	O
tropinin	O
I	O
level	O
.	O

Patients	O
exhibiting	O
signs	O
of	O
continuing	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
were	O
excluded	O
from	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
for	O
serial	O
testing	O
after	O
the	O
DSE	O
testing	O
in	O
the	O
intensive	O
diagnostic	O
and	O
treatment	O
unit	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
four	O
patients	O
were	O
enrolled	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
had	O
inadequate	O
resting	O
images	O
,	O
one	O
DSE	O
was	O
terminated	O
because	O
of	O
inferior	O
hypokinesis	B-Disease
,	O
another	O
DSE	O
was	O
terminated	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
rate	O
-	O
related	O
atrial	O
conduction	O
deficit	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
patient	O
did	O
not	O
reach	O
the	O
target	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
19	O
patients	O
completed	O
a	O
DSE	O
and	O
reached	O
their	O
target	O
heart	O
rates	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
experienced	O
signs	O
of	O
exaggerated	O
adrenergic	O
response	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
a	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
of	O
greater	O
than	O
200	O
mm	O
Hg	O
or	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
tachydysrhythmias	B-Disease
(	O
excluding	O
sinus	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Further	O
suggesting	O
lack	O
of	O
exaggerated	O
adrenergic	O
response	O
,	O
13	O
(	O
65	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
20	O
patients	O
required	O
supplemental	O
atropine	B-Chemical
to	O
reach	O
their	O
target	O
heart	O
rates	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
No	O
exaggerated	O
adrenergic	O
response	O
was	O
detected	O
when	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
to	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Prenatal	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
and	O
cranial	O
sonographic	O
findings	O
in	O
preterm	B-Disease
infants	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
Prenatal	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
has	O
been	O
linked	O
with	O
subependymal	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
cysts	B-Disease
that	O
are	O
detectable	O
on	O
cranial	O
sonography	O
in	O
neonates	O
born	O
at	O
term	O
.	O

We	O
sought	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
prenatal	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
increases	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
subependymal	B-Disease
cysts	I-Disease
in	O
preterm	B-Disease
infants	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
retrospectively	O
reviewed	O
the	O
medical	O
records	O
and	O
cranial	O
sonograms	O
obtained	O
during	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
on	O
122	O
premature	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
<	I-Disease
36	I-Disease
weeks	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
gestation	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
infants	I-Disease
.	O

Infants	O
were	O
categorized	O
into	O
1	O
of	O
2	O
groups	O
:	O
those	O
exposed	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
those	O
not	O
exposed	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Infants	O
were	O
assigned	O
to	O
the	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
group	O
if	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
maternal	O
history	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
during	O
pregnancy	O
or	O
if	O
maternal	O
or	O
neonatal	O
urine	O
toxicology	O
results	O
were	O
positive	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
delivery	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Five	O
of	O
the	O
122	O
infants	O
were	O
excluded	O
from	O
the	O
study	O
because	O
of	O
insufficient	O
medical	O
and	O
drug	O
histories	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
subependymal	B-Disease
cysts	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
117	O
remaining	O
infants	O
was	O
14	O
%	O
(	O
16	O
of	O
117	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
subependymal	B-Disease
cysts	I-Disease
in	O
infants	O
exposed	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
prenatally	O
was	O
44	O
%	O
(	O
8	O
of	O
18	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
8	O
%	O
(	O
8	O
of	O
99	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
unexposed	O
group	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
found	O
an	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
subependymal	B-Disease
cyst	I-Disease
formation	O
in	O
preterm	B-Disease
infants	I-Disease
who	O
were	O
exposed	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
prenatally	O
.	O

This	O
result	O
is	O
consistent	O
with	O
results	O
of	O
similar	O
studies	O
in	O
term	O
infants	O
.	O

Thalidomide	B-Chemical
neuropathy	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
for	O
metastatic	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
using	O
electrodiagnostic	O
studies	O
.	O

Sixty	O
-	O
seven	O
men	O
with	O
metastatic	O
androgen	B-Chemical
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
in	O
an	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
trial	O
of	O
oral	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
underwent	O
neurologic	O
examinations	O
and	O
nerve	O
conduction	O
studies	O
(	O
NCS	O
)	O
prior	O
to	O
and	O
at	O
3	O
-	O
month	O
intervals	O
during	O
treatment	O
.	O

NCS	O
included	O
recording	O
of	O
sensory	O
nerve	O
action	O
potentials	O
(	O
SNAPs	O
)	O
from	O
median	O
,	O
radial	O
,	O
ulnar	O
,	O
and	O
sural	O
nerves	O
.	O

SNAP	O
amplitudes	O
for	O
each	O
nerve	O
were	O
expressed	O
as	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
its	O
baseline	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mean	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
was	O
termed	O
the	O
SNAP	O
index	O
.	O

A	O
40	O
%	O
decline	O
in	O
the	O
SNAP	O
index	O
was	O
considered	O
clinically	O
significant	O
.	O

Thalidomide	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
in	O
55	O
patients	O
for	O
lack	O
of	O
therapeutic	O
response	O
.	O

Of	O
67	O
patients	O
initially	O
enrolled	O
,	O
24	O
remained	O
on	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
for	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
8	O
remained	O
at	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
remained	O
at	O
9	O
months	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
developed	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Clinical	O
symptoms	O
and	O
a	O
decline	O
in	O
the	O
SNAP	O
index	O
occurred	O
concurrently	O
.	O

Older	O
age	O
and	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
were	O
possible	O
contributing	O
factors	O
.	O

Neuropathy	B-Disease
may	O
thus	O
be	O
a	O
common	O
complication	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
older	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
SNAP	O
index	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
monitor	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
not	O
for	O
early	O
detection	O
.	O

Overexpression	O
of	O
copper	B-Chemical
/	O
zinc	B-Chemical
-	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
protects	O
from	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
participation	O
of	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
in	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
deduced	O
from	O
observations	O
that	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
-	O
iron	B-Chemical
complexes	O
catalyze	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
radicals	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
that	O
antioxidants	O
attenuate	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
overexpression	O
of	O
Cu	B-Chemical
/	O
Zn	B-Chemical
-	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
(	O
h	O
-	O
SOD1	O
)	O
should	O
protect	O
transgenic	O
mice	O
from	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Immunocytochemistry	O
confirmed	O
expression	O
of	O
h	O
-	O
SOD1	O
in	O
inner	O
ear	O
tissues	O
of	O
transgenic	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
-	O
TgN	O
[	O
SOD1	O
]	O
3Cje	O
mice	O
.	O

Transgenic	O
and	O
nontransgenic	O
littermates	O
received	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
beginning	O
on	O
day	O
10	O
after	O
birth	O
.	O

Auditory	O
thresholds	O
were	O
tested	O
by	O
evoked	O
auditory	O
brain	O
stem	O
responses	O
at	O
1	O
month	O
after	O
birth	O
.	O

In	O
nontransgenic	O
animals	O
,	O
the	O
threshold	O
in	O
the	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
was	O
45	O
-	O
50	O
dB	O
higher	O
than	O
in	O
saline	O
-	O
injected	O
controls	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
transgenic	O
group	O
,	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
threshold	O
by	O
only	O
15	O
dB	O
over	O
the	O
respective	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
were	O
similar	O
at	O
12	O
and	O
24	O
kHz	O
.	O

The	O
protection	O
by	O
overexpression	O
of	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
supports	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
oxidant	O
stress	O
plays	O
a	O
significant	O
role	O
in	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
results	O
also	O
suggest	O
transgenic	O
animals	O
as	O
suitable	O
models	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
possible	O
strategies	O
for	O
prevention	O
.	O

Fatty	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
tetracycline	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Dose	O
-	O
response	O
relationships	O
and	O
effect	O
of	O
sex	O
.	O

Dose	O
-	O
response	O
relationships	O
,	O
biochemical	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
and	O
sex	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
experimental	O
fatty	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
tetracycline	B-Chemical
were	O
studied	O
in	O
the	O
intact	O
rat	O
and	O
with	O
the	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
rat	O
liver	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
intact	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
rat	O
,	O
no	O
direct	O
relationship	O
was	O
observed	O
between	O
dose	O
of	O
tetracycline	B-Chemical
and	O
hepatic	O
accumulation	O
of	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
.	O

With	O
provision	O
of	O
adequate	O
oleic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
as	O
a	O
substrate	O
for	O
the	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
liver	O
,	O
a	O
direct	O
relationship	O
was	O
observed	O
between	O
dose	O
of	O
tetracycline	B-Chemical
and	O
both	O
accumulation	O
of	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
liver	O
and	O
depression	B-Disease
of	O
output	O
of	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
by	O
livers	O
from	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
rats	O
.	O

Marked	O
differences	O
were	O
observed	O
between	O
female	O
and	O
male	O
rats	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
base	O
line	O
(	O
control	O
)	O
hepatic	O
concentration	O
of	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
and	O
output	O
of	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
.	O

Accumulation	O
of	O
hepatic	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
a	O
per	O
cent	O
of	O
control	O
values	O
,	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
graded	O
doses	O
of	O
tetracycline	B-Chemical
,	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
between	O
male	O
,	O
female	O
and	O
pregnant	O
rat	O
livers	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
livers	O
from	O
female	O
,	O
and	O
especially	O
pregnant	O
female	O
rats	O
,	O
were	O
strikingly	O
resistant	O
to	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
tetracycline	B-Chemical
on	O
depression	B-Disease
of	O
output	O
of	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
under	O
these	O
experimental	O
conditions	O
.	O

These	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
sexes	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
altered	O
disposition	O
of	O
tetracycline	B-Chemical
or	O
altered	O
uptake	O
of	O
oleic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Depressed	O
hepatic	O
secretion	O
of	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
accounted	O
only	O
for	O
30	O
to	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
accumulated	O
hepatic	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
additional	O
mechanisms	O
must	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
the	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
-	O
rich	O
fatty	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
in	O
response	O
to	O
tetracycline	B-Chemical
.	O

Prednisone	B-Chemical
induces	O
anxiety	B-Disease
and	O
glial	O
cerebral	O
changes	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
whether	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
(	O
PDN	B-Chemical
)	O
produces	O
anxiety	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
cerebral	O
glial	O
changes	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
studied	O
and	O
3	O
groups	O
were	O
formed	O
(	O
8	O
rats	O
per	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
moderate	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
received	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
PDN	B-Chemical
released	O
from	O
a	O
subcutaneous	O
implant	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
,	O
implants	O
containing	O
PDN	B-Chemical
equivalent	O
to	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
were	O
applied	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
implants	O
contained	O
no	O
PDN	B-Chemical
.	O

Anxiety	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
using	O
an	O
open	O
field	O
and	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
devices	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
cells	O
and	O
cytoplasmic	O
transformation	O
of	O
astrocytes	O
and	O
microglia	O
cells	O
were	O
assessed	O
by	O
immunohistochemical	O
analyses	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Anxiety	B-Disease
was	O
documented	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
of	O
PDN	B-Chemical
treated	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
magnitude	O
of	O
transformation	O
of	O
the	O
microglia	O
assessed	O
by	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
intersections	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
the	O
PDN	B-Chemical
groups	O
than	O
in	O
controls	O
in	O
the	O
prefrontal	O
cortex	O
(	O
moderate	O
-	O
dose	O
,	O
24	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
,	O
23	O
.	O
6	O
;	O
controls	O
18	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
and	O
striatum	O
(	O
moderate	O
-	O
dose	O
25	O
.	O
6	O
;	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
;	O
controls	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
stained	O
microglia	O
cells	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
the	O
PDN	B-Chemical
treated	O
groups	O
in	O
the	O
prefrontal	O
cortex	O
than	O
in	O
controls	O
(	O
moderate	O
-	O
dose	O
,	O
29	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
,	O
28	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
control	O
,	O
17	O
.	O
7	O
cells	O
per	O
field	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Stained	O
microglia	O
cells	O
were	O
significantly	O
more	O
numerous	O
striatum	O
and	O
hippocampus	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Subacute	O
exposure	O
to	O
PDN	B-Chemical
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
and	O
reactivity	O
of	O
microglia	O
.	O

The	O
relevance	O
of	O
these	O
features	O
for	O
patients	O
using	O
PDN	B-Chemical
remains	O
to	O
be	O
elucidated	O
.	O

Phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
recurrent	O
squamous	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
cervix	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
was	O
tested	O
in	O
a	O
Phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
recurrent	O
cervical	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
concentration	O
curve	O
[	O
AUC	O
]	O
,	O
5	O
)	O
and	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
Doxil	B-Chemical
;	O
starting	O
dose	O
,	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
intravenously	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
to	O
37	O
patients	O
with	O
recurrent	O
squamous	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
cervical	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
to	O
determine	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
profile	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
nine	O
patients	O
were	O
assessable	O
for	O
response	O
,	O
and	O
35	O
patients	O
were	O
assessable	O
for	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
was	O
38	O
%	O
,	O
the	O
median	O
time	O
to	O
response	O
was	O
10	O
weeks	O
,	O
the	O
median	O
duration	O
of	O
response	O
was	O
26	O
weeks	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
median	O
survival	O
was	O
37	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
main	O
toxic	O
effect	O
was	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
Grade	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
in	O
16	O
patients	O
,	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
12	O
patients	O
,	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
in	O
11	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
neutropenic	B-Disease
fever	I-Disease
in	O
3	O
patients	O
.	O

Four	O
patients	O
had	O
five	O
infusion	O
-	O
related	O
reactions	O
during	O
the	O
infusion	O
of	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
,	O
leading	O
to	O
treatment	O
discontinuation	O
in	O
three	O
patients	O
.	O

Grade	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
2	O
nonhematologic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
included	O
nausea	B-Disease
in	O
17	O
patients	O
,	O
emesis	B-Disease
in	O
14	O
patients	O
,	O
fatigue	B-Disease
in	O
9	O
patients	O
,	O
mucositis	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
stomatitis	B-Disease
in	O
8	O
patients	O
,	O
constipation	B-Disease
in	O
6	O
patients	O
,	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
5	O
patients	O
,	O
hand	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
foot	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
2	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
skin	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
in	O
3	O
patients	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
liposomal	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
has	O
modest	O
activity	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
recurrent	O
cervical	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

Antimicrobial	O
-	O
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
(	O
antibiomania	B-Disease
)	O
:	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
reports	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
reviewed	O
reported	O
cases	O
of	O
antibiotic	O
-	O
induced	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
a	O
MEDLINE	O
and	O
PsychLit	O
search	O
for	O
reports	O
of	O
antibiotic	O
-	O
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
.	O

Unpublished	O
reports	O
were	O
requested	O
from	O
the	O
World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
(	O
WHO	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
Food	O
and	O
Drug	O
Administration	O
(	O
FDA	O
)	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
one	O
reports	O
of	O
antimicrobial	O
-	O
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
were	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
6	O
cases	O
implicating	O
clarithromycin	B-Chemical
,	O
13	O
implicating	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
1	O
case	O
each	O
implicating	O
erythromycin	B-Chemical
and	O
amoxicillin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
WHO	O
reported	O
82	O
cases	O
.	O

Of	O
these	O
,	O
clarithromycin	B-Chemical
was	O
implicated	O
in	O
23	O
(	O
27	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
cases	O
,	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
in	O
12	O
(	O
14	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
cases	O
,	O
and	O
ofloxacin	B-Chemical
in	O
10	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
cases	O
.	O

Cotrimoxazole	B-Chemical
,	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
erythromycin	B-Chemical
were	O
involved	O
in	O
15	O
reported	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	O
.	O

Cases	O
reported	O
by	O
the	O
FDA	O
showed	O
clarithromycin	B-Chemical
and	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
to	O
be	O
the	O
most	O
frequently	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
mania	B-Disease
.	O

Statistical	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
would	O
not	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
significant	O
statistical	O
correlative	O
risk	O
and	O
was	O
therefore	O
not	O
undertaken	O
.	O

Patients	O
have	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
developing	O
mania	B-Disease
while	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
antimicrobials	O
.	O

Although	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
risk	O
,	O
physicians	O
must	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
effect	O
and	O
reversibility	O
.	O

Further	O
research	O
clearly	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
antimicrobial	O
-	O
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
relative	O
risk	O
factors	O
of	O
developing	O
an	O
antimicrobial	O
-	O
induced	O
manic	B-Disease
episode	O
among	O
various	O
demographic	O
populations	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
continue	O
to	O
have	O
persistent	O
affective	O
disorders	O
once	O
the	O
initial	O
episode	O
,	O
which	O
occurs	O
while	O
the	O
patient	O
is	O
taking	O
antibiotics	O
,	O
subsides	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
elected	O
to	O
name	O
this	O
syndrome	O
"	O
antibiomania	B-Disease
.	O
"	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ocular	B-Disease
dyskinesias	I-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ocular	B-Disease
dyskinesias	I-Disease
are	O
very	O
uncommon	O
.	O

Usually	O
they	O
occur	O
simultaneously	O
with	O
limb	O
peak	O
-	O
dose	O
choreatic	B-Disease
dyskinesias	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
leftward	O
and	O
upward	O
deviations	O
of	O
gaze	O
during	O
the	O
peak	O
effect	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
hypothesize	O
that	O
a	O
severe	O
dopaminergic	O
denervation	O
in	O
the	O
caudate	O
nucleus	O
is	O
needed	O
for	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
these	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induce	O
ocular	B-Disease
dyskinesias	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
comparison	O
of	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
with	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
primary	O
dysmenorrhea	B-Disease
:	O
an	O
open	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
cross	O
-	O
over	O
trial	O
.	O

Primary	O
dysmenorrhea	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
syndrome	O
characterized	O
by	O
painful	O
uterine	O
contractility	O
caused	O
by	O
a	O
hypersecretion	O
of	O
endometrial	O
prostaglandins	B-Chemical
;	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
are	O
the	O
first	O
choice	O
for	O
its	O
treatment	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
vivo	O
and	O
in	O
vitro	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
myometrial	O
cells	O
are	O
also	O
targets	O
of	O
the	O
relaxant	O
effects	O
of	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
(	O
GTN	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
NO	B-Chemical
donor	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
primary	O
dysmenorrhea	B-Disease
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
(	O
DCF	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
24	O
patients	O
with	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
severe	O
primary	O
dysmenorrhea	B-Disease
were	O
studied	O
during	O
two	O
consecutive	O
menstrual	O
cycles	O
.	O

In	O
an	O
open	O
,	O
cross	O
-	O
over	O
,	O
controlled	O
design	O
,	O
patients	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
either	O
DCF	B-Chemical
per	O
os	O
or	O
GTN	B-Chemical
patches	O
the	O
first	O
days	O
of	O
menses	O
,	O
when	O
menstrual	O
cramps	O
became	O
unendurable	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
subsequent	O
cycle	O
the	O
other	O
treatment	O
was	O
used	O
.	O

Patients	O
received	O
up	O
to	O
3	O
doses	O
/	O
day	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
DCF	B-Chemical
or	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
24	O
h	O
transdermal	O
GTN	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
cycle	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
needs	O
.	O

The	O
participants	O
recorded	O
menstrual	O
symptoms	O
and	O
possible	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
at	O
different	O
times	O
(	O
0	O
,	O
30	O
,	O
60	O
,	O
120	O
minutes	O
)	O
after	O
the	O
first	O
dose	O
of	O
medication	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
cycle	O
,	O
with	O
both	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
in	O
pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
score	O
(	O
DPI	O
)	O
was	O
the	O
main	O
outcome	O
variable	O
.	O

Both	O
treatments	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
DPI	O
by	O
the	O
30th	O
minute	O
(	O
GTN	B-Chemical
,	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
.	O
9	O
;	O
DCF	B-Chemical
,	O
-	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
.	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
DCF	B-Chemical
continued	O
to	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
reducing	O
pelvic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
for	O
two	O
hours	O
,	O
whereas	O
GTN	B-Chemical
scores	O
remained	O
more	O
or	O
less	O
stable	O
after	O
30	O
min	O
and	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
those	O
for	O
DFC	O
(	O
after	O
one	O
hour	O
:	O
GTN	B-Chemical
,	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
.	O
9	O
;	O
DFC	O
,	O
-	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
.	O
6	O
and	O
after	O
two	O
hours	O
:	O
GTN	B-Chemical
,	O
-	O
23	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
20	O
.	O
5	O
;	O
DFC	O
,	O
-	O
59	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
.	O
9	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

Low	B-Disease
back	I-Disease
pain	I-Disease
was	O
also	O
relieved	O
by	O
both	O
drugs	O
.	O

Headache	B-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
increased	O
by	O
GTN	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
by	O
DCF	B-Chemical
.	O

Eight	O
patients	O
stopped	O
using	O
GTN	B-Chemical
because	O
headache	B-Disease
-	O
-	O
attributed	O
to	O
its	O
use	O
-	O
-	O
became	O
intolerable	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
GTN	B-Chemical
has	O
a	O
reduced	O
efficacy	O
and	O
tolerability	O
by	O
comparison	O
with	O
DCF	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
primary	O
dysmenorrhea	B-Disease
.	O

Temocapril	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
acting	O
non	O
-	O
SH	O
group	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
modulates	O
glomerular	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
chronic	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
chronic	O
administration	O
of	O
temocapril	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
acting	O
non	O
-	O
SH	O
group	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
reduced	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
inhibited	O
glomerular	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
and	O
prevented	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
in	O
chronic	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

Nephrosis	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
injection	O
of	O
PAN	B-Chemical
(	O
15mg	O
/	O
100g	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
(	O
SD	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

Four	O
groups	O
were	O
used	O
,	O
i	O
)	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
14	O
)	O
,	O
ii	O
)	O
PAN	B-Chemical
/	O
temocapril	B-Chemical
(	O
13	O
)	O
,	O
iii	O
)	O
temocapril	B-Chemical
(	O
14	O
)	O
and	O
iv	O
)	O
untreated	O
controls	O
(	O
15	O
)	O
.	O

Temocapril	B-Chemical
(	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
the	O
rats	O
which	O
were	O
killed	O
at	O
weeks	O
4	O
,	O
14	O
or	O
20	O
.	O

At	O
each	O
time	O
point	O
,	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
,	O
urinary	O
protein	O
excretion	O
and	O
renal	O
histopathological	O
findings	O
were	O
evaluated	O
,	O
and	O
morphometric	O
image	O
analysis	O
was	O
done	O
.	O

Systolic	O
BP	O
in	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
group	O
was	O
significantly	O
high	O
at	O
4	O
,	O
14	O
and	O
20	O
weeks	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
normal	O
in	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
/	O
temocapril	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

Urinary	O
protein	O
excretion	O
in	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
group	O
increased	O
significantly	O
,	O
peaking	O
at	O
8	O
days	O
,	O
then	O
decreased	O
at	O
4	O
weeks	O
,	O
but	O
rose	O
again	O
significantly	O
at	O
14	O
and	O
20	O
weeks	O
.	O

Temocapril	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
attenuate	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
at	O
8	O
days	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
did	O
markedly	O
lower	O
it	O
from	O
weeks	O
4	O
to	O
20	O
.	O

The	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
index	O
(	O
GSI	O
)	O
was	O
6	O
.	O
21	O
%	O
at	O
4	O
weeks	O
and	O
respectively	O
25	O
.	O
35	O
%	O
and	O
30	O
.	O
49	O
%	O
at	O
14	O
and	O
20	O
weeks	O
in	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
correlation	O
between	O
urinary	O
protein	O
excretion	O
and	O
GSI	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
808	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
ratio	O
of	O
glomerular	O
tuft	O
area	O
to	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
Bowman	O
'	O
s	O
capsules	O
(	O
GT	O
/	O
BC	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
group	O
was	O
significantly	O
increased	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
/	O
temocapril	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

It	O
appears	O
that	O
temocapril	B-Chemical
was	O
effective	O
in	O
retarding	O
renal	O
progression	O
and	O
protected	O
renal	O
function	O
in	O
PAN	B-Chemical
neprotic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

Pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
after	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
prophylaxis	O
in	O
very	O
preterm	O
infants	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
three	O
cases	O
of	O
severe	O
hypoxaemia	B-Disease
after	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
administration	O
during	O
a	O
randomised	O
controlled	O
trial	O
of	O
prophylactic	O
treatment	O
of	O
patent	B-Disease
ductus	I-Disease
arteriosus	I-Disease
with	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
in	O
premature	O
infants	O
born	O
at	O
less	O
than	O
28	O
weeks	O
of	O
gestation	O
.	O

Echocardiography	O
showed	O
severely	O
decreased	O
pulmonary	O
blood	O
flow	O
.	O

Hypoxaemia	B-Disease
resolved	O
quickly	O
on	O
inhaled	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
investigators	O
involved	O
in	O
similar	O
trials	O
pay	O
close	O
attention	O
to	O
pulmonary	O
pressure	O
if	O
hypoxaemia	B-Disease
occurs	O
after	O
prophylactic	O
administration	O
of	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
.	O

Hyponatremia	B-Disease
and	O
syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
inappropriate	I-Disease
anti	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
diuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
reported	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
Vincristine	B-Chemical
:	O
an	O
over	O
-	O
representation	O
of	O
Asians	O
?	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
This	O
retrospective	O
study	O
used	O
a	O
pharmaceutical	O
company	O
'	O
s	O
global	O
safety	O
database	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
reporting	O
rate	O
of	O
hyponatremia	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
inappropriate	I-Disease
secretion	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
anti	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
diuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
(	O
SIADH	B-Disease
)	O
among	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
and	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
at	O
-	O
risk	O
population	O
subgroups	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
We	O
searched	O
the	O
Eli	O
Lilly	O
and	O
Company	O
'	O
s	O
computerized	O
adverse	O
event	O
database	O
for	O
all	O
reported	O
cases	O
of	O
hyponatremia	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
SIADH	B-Disease
as	O
of	O
1	O
November	O
1999	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
reported	O
during	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
76	O
cases	O
of	O
hyponatremia	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
SIADH	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
use	O
were	O
identified	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
reporting	O
rate	O
was	O
estimated	O
to	O
be	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
/	O
100	O
,	O
000	O
treated	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
age	O
of	O
patients	O
was	O
35	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
28	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
62	O
%	O
were	O
males	O
.	O

Approximately	O
75	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
for	O
leukemia	B-Disease
or	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
.	O

Among	O
the	O
39	O
reports	O
that	O
included	O
information	O
on	O
race	O
,	O
the	O
racial	O
distribution	O
was	O
:	O
1	O
Black	O
,	O
3	O
Caucasian	O
,	O
and	O
35	O
Asian	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
Asian	O
patients	O
may	O
be	O
at	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
hyponatremia	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
SIADH	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
overall	O
reported	O
rate	O
of	O
SIADH	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
is	O
very	O
low	O
,	O
physicians	O
caring	O
for	O
Asian	O
oncology	O
patients	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
potential	O
serious	O
but	O
reversible	O
adverse	O
event	O
.	O

Delayed	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
bladder	O
of	O
DBA	O
/	O
2	O
and	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
female	O
mouse	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
describes	O
the	O
delayed	O
development	O
of	O
a	O
severe	O
bladder	O
pathology	O
in	O
a	O
susceptible	O
strain	O
of	O
mice	O
(	O
DBA	O
/	O
2	O
)	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
a	O
resistant	O
strain	O
(	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
)	O
when	O
both	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
dose	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CY	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Inbred	O
DBA	O
/	O
2	O
and	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
female	O
mice	O
were	O
injected	O
with	O
CY	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
on	O
the	O
bladder	O
was	O
assessed	O
during	O
100	O
days	O
by	O
light	O
microscopy	O
using	O
different	O
staining	O
procedures	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
30	O
days	O
by	O
conventional	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
.	O

Early	O
CY	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
caused	O
a	O
typical	O
haemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
strains	O
that	O
was	O
completely	O
repaired	O
in	O
about	O
7	O
-	O
10	O
days	O
.	O

After	O
30	O
days	O
of	O
CY	B-Chemical
injection	O
ulcerous	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
ulcerous	O
forms	O
of	O
chronic	O
cystitis	B-Disease
appeared	O
in	O
86	O
%	O
of	O
DBA	O
/	O
2	O
mice	O
but	O
only	O
in	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
mice	O
.	O

Delayed	O
cystitis	B-Disease
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
infiltration	O
and	O
transepithelial	O
passage	O
into	O
the	O
lumen	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
cells	O
and	O
by	O
frequent	O
exfoliation	O
of	O
the	O
urothelium	O
.	O

Mast	O
cells	O
appeared	O
in	O
the	O
connective	O
and	O
muscular	O
layers	O
of	O
the	O
bladder	O
at	O
a	O
much	O
higher	O
number	O
in	O
DBA	O
/	O
2	O
mice	O
than	O
in	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
mice	O
or	O
untreated	O
controls	O
.	O

Electron	O
microscopy	O
disclosed	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
the	O
typical	O
discoidal	O
vesicles	O
normally	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
cytoplasm	O
of	O
surface	O
cells	O
.	O

Instead	O
,	O
numerous	O
abnormal	O
vesicles	O
containing	O
one	O
or	O
several	O
dark	O
granules	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
cytoplasm	O
of	O
cells	O
from	O
all	O
the	O
epithelial	O
layers	O
.	O

Delayed	O
cystitis	B-Disease
still	O
persisted	O
in	O
DBA	O
/	O
2	O
mice	O
100	O
days	O
after	O
treatment	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
delayed	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
CY	B-Chemical
in	O
female	O
DBA	O
/	O
2	O
mice	O
causes	O
a	O
bladder	O
pathology	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
observed	O
in	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
pathology	O
resembles	O
interstitial	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
in	O
humans	O
and	O
could	O
perhaps	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
an	O
animal	O
model	O
for	O
studies	O
on	O
the	O
disease	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
/	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
three	O
-	O
weekly	O
mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
advanced	O
gastric	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
FA	B-Chemical
)	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
several	O
new	O
multidrug	O
chemotherapy	O
regimens	O
in	O
advanced	O
gastric	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
AGC	B-Disease
)	O
has	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
effective	O
,	O
with	O
low	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
previous	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
with	O
3	O
-	O
weekly	O
bolus	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
,	O
FA	B-Chemical
and	O
mitomycin	B-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
(	O
MMC	B-Chemical
)	O
we	O
found	O
a	O
low	O
toxicity	B-Disease
rate	O
and	O
response	O
rates	O
comparable	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
regimens	O
such	O
as	O
ELF	O
,	O
FAM	O
or	O
FAMTX	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
promising	O
median	O
overall	O
survival	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
improve	O
this	O
MMC	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
schedule	O
we	O
initiated	O
a	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
/	O
FA	B-Chemical
and	O
3	O
-	O
weekly	O
bolus	O
MMC	B-Chemical
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
From	O
February	O
,	O
1998	O
to	O
September	O
,	O
2000	O
we	O
recruited	O
33	O
patients	O
with	O
AGC	B-Disease
to	O
receive	O
weekly	O
24	O
-	O
hour	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
2	O
,	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
preceded	O
by	O
2	O
-	O
hour	O
FA	B-Chemical
500	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
6	O
weeks	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
week	O
rest	O
period	O
.	O

Bolus	O
MMC	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
was	O
added	O
in	O
3	O
-	O
weekly	O
intervals	O
.	O

Treatment	O
given	O
on	O
an	O
outpatient	O
basis	O
,	O
using	O
portable	O
pump	O
systems	O
,	O
was	O
repeated	O
on	O
day	O
57	O
.	O

Patients	O
'	O
characteristics	O
were	O
:	O
male	O
/	O
female	O
ratio	O
20	O
/	O
13	O
;	O
median	O
age	O
57	O
(	O
27	O
-	O
75	O
)	O
years	O
;	O
median	O
WHO	O
status	O
1	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

18	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
primary	O
AGC	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
15	O
showed	O
a	O
relapsed	O
AGC	B-Disease
.	O

Median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
was	O
11	O
.	O
8	O
months	O
(	O
range	O
of	O
those	O
surviving	O
:	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
11	O
.	O
8	O
months	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
32	O
patients	O
were	O
evaluable	O
for	O
response	O
-	O
complete	O
remission	O
9	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
partial	O
remission	O
45	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
15	O
)	O
,	O
no	O
change	O
27	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
9	O
)	O
,	O
progressive	O
disease	O
15	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
.	O

Median	O
overall	O
survival	O
time	O
was	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
months	O
[	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
:	O
8	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
11	O
.	O
6	O
]	O
,	O
and	O
median	O
progression	O
-	O
free	O
survival	O
time	O
was	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
months	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
4	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
10	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
worst	O
toxicities	B-Disease
(	O
%	O
)	O
observed	O
were	O
(	O
CTC	O
-	O
NCI	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
/	O
3	O
)	O
:	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
45	O
.	O
5	O
/	O
18	O
.	O
2	O
/	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
33	O
.	O
3	O
/	O
9	O
.	O
1	O
/	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
vomitus	B-Disease
24	O
.	O
2	O
/	O
9	O
.	O
1	O
/	O
0	O
,	O
diarrhea	B-Disease
36	O
.	O
4	O
/	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
/	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
stomatitis	B-Disease
18	O
.	O
2	O
/	O
9	O
.	O
1	O
/	O
0	O
,	O
hand	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
foot	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
12	O
.	O
1	O
/	O
0	O
/	O
0	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
HUS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
High	O
-	O
dose	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
/	O
FA	B-Chemical
/	O
MMC	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
effective	O
and	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
outpatient	O
regimen	O
for	O
AGC	B-Disease
(	O
objective	O
response	O
rate	O
54	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
may	O
serve	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
to	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
regimens	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
to	O
be	O
considered	O
that	O
possibly	O
HUS	B-Disease
may	O
occur	O
.	O

Persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
impaired	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
in	O
human	B-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
type	I-Disease
1	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
children	O
treated	O
with	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Prolonged	O
administration	O
of	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
renal	O
complications	O
in	O
adults	O
.	O

These	O
well	O
-	O
documented	O
side	O
effects	O
have	O
restricted	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
potent	O
protease	O
inhibitor	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
A	O
prospective	O
study	O
to	O
monitor	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
cohort	O
of	O
30	O
human	B-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
type	I-Disease
1	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
children	O
treated	O
with	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Urinary	O
pH	O
,	O
albumin	O
,	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
,	O
leukocytes	O
,	O
bacteria	O
and	O
crystals	O
,	O
and	O
culture	O
were	O
analyzed	O
every	O
3	O
months	O
for	O
96	O
weeks	O
.	O

Serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
routinely	O
determined	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
points	O
.	O

Steady	O
-	O
state	O
pharmacokinetics	O
of	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
were	O
done	O
at	O
week	O
4	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
cumulative	O
incidence	O
of	O
persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
75	O
cells	O
/	O
micro	O
L	O
in	O
at	O
least	O
2	O
consecutive	O
visits	O
)	O
after	O
96	O
weeks	O
was	O
53	O
%	O
.	O

Persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
was	O
frequently	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
mild	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
urine	O
albumin	O
/	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
ratio	O
and	O
by	O
microscopic	O
hematuria	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
cumulative	O
incidence	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
>	O
50	O
%	O
above	O
normal	O
was	O
33	O
%	O
after	O
96	O
weeks	O
.	O

Children	O
with	O
persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
more	O
frequently	O
had	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
of	O
50	O
%	O
above	O
normal	O
than	O
those	O
children	O
without	O
persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
children	O
younger	O
than	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
years	O
,	O
persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
more	O
frequent	O
than	O
in	O
older	O
children	O
.	O

A	O
higher	O
cumulative	O
incidence	O
of	O
persistent	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
an	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
curve	O
>	O
19	O
mg	O
/	O
L	O
x	O
h	O
or	O
a	O
peak	O
serum	O
level	O
of	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
>	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
L	O
.	O

In	O
4	O
children	O
,	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
because	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Subsequently	O
,	O
the	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
decreased	O
,	O
the	O
urine	O
albumin	O
/	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
ratios	O
returned	O
to	O
zero	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
disappeared	O
within	O
3	O
months	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Children	O
treated	O
with	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
have	O
a	O
high	O
cumulative	O
incidence	O
of	O
persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
.	O

Children	O
with	O
persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
more	O
frequently	O
had	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
of	O
>	O
50	O
%	O
above	O
normal	O
.	O

Younger	O
children	O
have	O
an	O
additional	O
risk	O
for	O
renal	O
complications	O
.	O

The	O
impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
in	O
these	O
children	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
of	O
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
.	O

Indinavir	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
must	O
be	O
monitored	O
closely	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
risk	O
factors	O
such	O
as	O
persistent	O
sterile	O
leukocyturia	B-Disease
,	O
age	O
<	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
years	O
,	O
an	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
curve	O
of	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
>	O
19	O
mg	O
/	O
L	O
x	O
h	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
C	O
(	O
max	O
)	O
>	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
L	O
.	O

Utility	O
of	O
troponin	O
I	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Baseline	O
electrocardiogram	O
abnormalities	O
and	O
market	O
elevations	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
myocardial	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
make	O
accurate	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
MI	B-Disease
)	O
difficult	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Troponin	O
sampling	O
may	O
offer	O
greater	O
diagnostic	O
utility	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
outcomes	O
based	O
on	O
troponin	O
positivity	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
admitted	O
for	O
exclusion	O
of	O
MI	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Outcomes	O
were	O
examined	O
in	O
patients	O
admitted	O
for	O
possible	O
MI	B-Disease
after	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
underwent	O
a	O
rapid	O
rule	O
-	O
in	O
protocol	O
that	O
included	O
serial	O
sampling	O
of	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
(	O
CK	O
)	O
,	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
,	O
and	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
I	O
(	O
cTnI	O
)	O
over	O
eight	O
hours	O
.	O

Outcomes	O
included	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
MI	B-Disease
(	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
8	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
with	O
a	O
relative	O
index	O
[	O
(	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
x	O
100	O
)	O
/	O
total	O
CK	O
]	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
4	O
,	O
cardiac	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
significant	O
coronary	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
50	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Of	O
the	O
246	O
admitted	O
patients	O
,	O
34	O
(	O
14	O
%	O
)	O
met	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
criteria	O
for	O
MI	B-Disease
and	O
38	O
(	O
16	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
cTnI	O
elevations	O
.	O

Angiography	O
was	O
performed	O
in	O
29	O
of	O
38	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
cTnI	O
-	O
positive	O
,	O
with	O
significant	O
disease	O
present	O
in	O
25	O
(	O
86	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Three	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
patients	O
without	O
significant	O
disease	O
who	O
had	O
cTnI	O
elevations	O
met	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
criteria	O
for	O
MI	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
had	O
a	O
peak	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
level	O
of	O
13	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
.	O

Sensitivities	O
,	O
specificities	O
,	O
and	O
positive	O
and	O
negative	O
likelihood	O
ratios	O
for	O
predicting	O
cardiac	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
or	O
significant	O
disease	O
were	O
high	O
for	O
both	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
MI	B-Disease
and	O
cTnI	O
and	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Most	O
patients	O
with	O
cTnI	O
elevations	O
meet	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
criteria	O
for	O
MI	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
have	O
a	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
underlying	O
significant	O
disease	O
.	O

Troponin	O
appears	O
to	O
have	O
an	O
equivalent	O
diagnostic	O
accuracy	O
compared	O
with	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
for	O
diagnosing	O
necrosis	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
suspected	O
MI	B-Disease
.	O

Acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
nicergoline	B-Chemical
(	O
Sermion	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
(	O
AIN	B-Disease
)	O
due	O
to	O
nicergoline	B-Chemical
(	O
Sermion	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

A	O
50	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
admitted	O
to	O
our	O
hospital	O
for	O
fever	B-Disease
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Before	O
admission	O
,	O
he	O
had	O
been	O
taking	O
nicergoline	B-Chemical
and	O
bendazac	B-Chemical
lysine	I-Chemical
due	O
to	O
retinal	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
at	O
ophthalmologic	O
department	O
.	O

Thereafter	O
,	O
he	O
experienced	O
intermittent	O
fever	B-Disease
and	O
skin	B-Disease
rash	I-Disease
.	O

On	O
admission	O
,	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
arthralgia	B-Disease
and	O
fever	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
laboratory	O
findings	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
)	O
suggested	O
AIN	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
which	O
was	O
confirmed	O
by	O
pathologic	O
findings	O
on	O
renal	O
biopsy	O
.	O

A	O
lymphocyte	O
transformation	O
test	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
positive	O
result	O
against	O
nicergoline	B-Chemical
.	O

Treatment	O
was	O
consisted	O
of	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
nicergoline	B-Chemical
and	O
intravenous	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
his	O
renal	O
function	O
was	O
completely	O
recovered	O
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
of	O
nicergoline	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
AIN	B-Disease
.	O

Neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
complicated	O
by	O
massive	O
intestinal	O
bleeding	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
patient	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CRF	B-Disease
)	O
developed	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
NMS	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
and	O
levomepromazine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
typical	O
symptoms	O
of	O
NMS	B-Disease
,	O
massive	O
intestinal	O
bleeding	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
during	O
the	O
episode	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
suggests	O
that	O
NMS	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
CRF	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
complicated	O
by	O
intestinal	O
bleeding	B-Disease
and	O
needs	O
special	O
caution	O
for	O
this	O
complication	O
.	O

Blood	O
brain	O
barrier	O
in	O
right	O
-	O
and	O
left	O
-	O
pawed	O
female	O
rats	O
assessed	O
by	O
a	O
new	O
staining	O
method	O
.	O

The	O
asymmetrical	O
breakdown	O
of	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
(	O
BBB	O
)	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
female	O
rats	O
.	O

Paw	O
preference	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
a	O
food	O
reaching	O
test	O
.	O

Adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
was	O
used	O
to	O
destroy	O
the	O
BBB	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
evaluated	O
using	O
triphenyltetrazolium	B-Chemical
(	O
TTC	B-Chemical
)	O
staining	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
slices	O
just	O
after	O
giving	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
for	O
30	O
s	O
.	O

In	O
normal	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
whole	O
brain	O
sections	O
exhibited	O
complete	O
staining	O
with	O
TTC	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
infusion	O
for	O
30	O
s	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
large	O
unstained	O
areas	O
in	O
the	O
left	O
brain	O
in	O
right	O
-	O
pawed	O
animals	O
,	O
and	O
vice	O
versa	O
in	O
left	O
-	O
pawed	O
animals	O
.	O

Similar	O
results	O
were	O
obtained	O
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
breakdown	O
of	O
BBB	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
were	O
explained	O
by	O
an	O
asymmetric	O
cerebral	O
blood	O
flow	O
depending	O
upon	O
the	O
paw	O
preference	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
suggested	O
that	O
this	O
new	O
method	O
and	O
the	O
results	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
contralateral	O
motor	O
control	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
important	O
in	O
determining	O
the	O
dominant	O
cerebral	O
hemisphere	O
in	O
animals	O
.	O

Carvedilol	B-Chemical
protects	O
against	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mitochondrial	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Several	O
cytopathic	O
mechanisms	O
have	O
been	O
suggested	O
to	O
mediate	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
cumulative	O
and	O
irreversible	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Recent	O
evidence	O
indicates	O
that	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
are	O
key	O
factors	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenic	O
process	O
.	O

The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
investigation	O
was	O
to	O
test	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
carvedilol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
nonselective	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
with	O
potent	O
antioxidant	O
properties	O
,	O
protects	O
against	O
the	O
cardiac	O
and	O
hepatic	O
mitochondrial	O
bioenergetic	O
dysfunction	O
associated	O
with	O
subchronic	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Heart	O
and	O
liver	O
mitochondria	O
were	O
isolated	O
from	O
rats	O
treated	O
for	O
7	O
weeks	O
with	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
/	O
week	O
)	O
,	O
carvedilol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
/	O
week	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
drugs	O
.	O

Heart	O
mitochondria	O
isolated	O
from	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
exhibited	O
depressed	O
rates	O
for	O
state	O
3	O
respiration	O
(	O
336	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
26	O
versus	O
425	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
53	O
natom	O
O	O
/	O
min	O
/	O
mg	O
protein	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
lower	O
respiratory	O
control	O
ratio	O
(	O
RCR	O
)	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
versus	O
5	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
cardiac	O
mitochondria	O
isolated	O
from	O
saline	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Mitochondrial	O
calcium	B-Chemical
-	O
loading	O
capacity	O
and	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
NADH	O
-	O
dehydrogenase	O
were	O
also	O
suppressed	O
in	O
cardiac	O
mitochondria	O
from	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
also	O
caused	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
RCR	O
for	O
liver	O
mitochondria	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
versus	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
for	O
control	O
rats	O
)	O
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
hepatic	O
cytochrome	O
oxidase	O
activity	O
.	O

Coadministration	O
of	O
carvedilol	B-Chemical
decreased	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
cellular	O
vacuolization	O
in	O
cardiac	O
myocytes	O
and	O
prevented	O
the	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
on	O
mitochondrial	O
respiration	O
in	O
both	O
heart	O
and	O
liver	O
.	O

Carvedilol	B-Chemical
also	O
prevented	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
mitochondrial	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
loading	O
capacity	O
and	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
the	O
respiratory	O
complexes	O
of	O
heart	O
mitochondria	O
caused	O
by	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Carvedilol	B-Chemical
by	O
itself	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
parameters	O
measured	O
for	O
heart	O
or	O
liver	O
mitochondria	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
this	O
protection	O
by	O
carvedilol	B-Chemical
against	O
both	O
the	O
structural	O
and	O
functional	O
cardiac	O
tissue	O
damage	O
may	O
afford	O
significant	O
clinical	O
advantage	O
in	O
minimizing	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
that	O
accompanies	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
is	O
more	O
influenced	O
by	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonists	O
than	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
influence	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonists	O
and	O
antagonists	O
on	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
was	O
examined	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

All	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonists	O
significantly	O
decreased	B-Disease
the	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
effects	O
were	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
.	O

It	O
seems	O
that	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A1	O
and	O
A2	O
receptors	O
might	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
this	O
reaction	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
all	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonists	O
:	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxyethyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
phenethylamino	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ethylcarboxamidoadenosine	I-Chemical
(	O
CGS	B-Chemical
21680	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
A2A	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
N6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
cyclopentyladenosine	I-Chemical
(	O
CPA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
A1	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
and	O
5	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ethylcarboxamidoadenosine	I-Chemical
(	O
NECA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
A2	O
/	O
A1	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
significantly	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
decreased	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

CPA	B-Chemical
reduced	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
action	O
at	O
the	O
doses	O
which	O
,	O
given	O
alone	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
influence	O
motility	O
,	O
while	O
CGS	B-Chemical
21680	I-Chemical
and	O
NECA	B-Chemical
decreased	O
the	O
action	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
at	O
the	O
doses	O
which	O
,	O
given	O
alone	O
,	O
decreased	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
in	O
animals	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
both	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
in	O
the	O
action	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
although	O
agonists	O
of	O
A1	O
receptors	O
seem	O
to	O
have	O
stronger	O
influence	O
on	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
selective	O
blockade	O
of	O
A2	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
by	O
DMPX	B-Chemical
(	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dimethyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
propargylxanthine	I-Chemical
)	O
significantly	O
enhanced	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
had	O
similar	O
action	O
but	O
the	O
effect	O
was	O
not	O
significant	O
.	O

CPT	B-Chemical
(	O
8	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
cyclopentyltheophylline	I-Chemical
)	O
-	O
-	O
A1	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
show	O
any	O
influence	O
in	O
this	O
test	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
all	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonists	O
decreased	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
at	O
the	O
higher	O
doses	O
than	O
those	O
which	O
were	O
active	O
in	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
selective	O
blockade	O
of	O
A2	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
(	O
DMPX	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
blockade	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
(	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
)	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
action	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
test	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
all	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonists	O
(	O
A1	O
and	O
A2	O
)	O
reduce	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
and	O
indicate	O
that	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
is	O
more	O
influenced	O
by	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonists	O
(	O
particularly	O
A1	O
receptors	O
)	O
than	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
bradyarrhythmia	B-Disease
requiring	O
permanent	O
pacemaker	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
and	O
prior	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
(	O
AF	B-Disease
)	O
increases	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
bradyarrhythmia	B-Disease
requiring	O
a	O
permanent	O
pacemaker	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Reports	O
of	O
severe	O
bradyarrhythmia	B-Disease
during	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
are	O
infrequent	O
and	O
limited	O
to	O
studies	O
assessing	O
the	O
therapy	O
'	O
s	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
study	O
cohort	O
of	O
8	O
,	O
770	O
patients	O
age	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
65	O
years	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
AF	B-Disease
was	O
identified	O
from	O
a	O
provincewide	O
database	O
of	O
Quebec	O
residents	O
with	O
a	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
MI	B-Disease
)	O
between	O
1991	O
and	O
1999	O
.	O

Using	O
a	O
nested	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
design	O
,	O
477	O
cases	O
of	O
bradyarrhythmia	B-Disease
requiring	O
a	O
permanent	O
pacemaker	O
were	O
matched	O
(	O
1	O
:	O
4	O
)	O
to	O
1	O
,	O
908	O
controls	O
.	O

Multivariable	O
logistic	O
regression	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
odds	O
ratio	O
(	O
OR	O
)	O
of	O
pacemaker	O
insertion	O
associated	O
with	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
controlling	O
for	O
baseline	O
risk	O
factors	O
and	O
exposure	O
to	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
,	O
Class	O
I	O
antiarrhythmic	O
agents	O
,	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
,	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
,	O
and	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
use	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
pacemaker	O
insertion	O
(	O
OR	O
:	O
2	O
.	O
14	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
30	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
54	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
was	O
modified	O
by	O
gender	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
greater	O
risk	O
in	O
women	O
versus	O
men	O
(	O
OR	O
:	O
3	O
.	O
86	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
70	O
to	O
8	O
.	O
75	O
vs	O
.	O
OR	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
52	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
80	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
89	O
)	O
.	O

Digoxin	B-Chemical
was	O
the	O
only	O
other	O
medication	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
pacemaker	O
insertion	O
(	O
OR	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
78	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
37	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
31	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
suggests	O
that	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
AF	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
previous	O
MI	B-Disease
increases	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
bradyarrhythmia	B-Disease
requiring	O
a	O
permanent	O
pacemaker	O
.	O

The	O
finding	O
of	O
an	O
augmented	O
risk	O
of	O
pacemaker	O
insertion	O
in	O
elderly	O
women	O
receiving	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
requires	O
further	O
investigation	O
.	O

Indomethacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
morphologic	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
epithelium	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
morphologic	O
changes	O
in	O
rat	O
urothelium	O
induced	O
by	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
.	O

Nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
poorly	O
recognized	O
and	O
under	O
-	O
reported	O
condition	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
tiaprofenic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
this	O
condition	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Three	O
groups	O
were	O
established	O
:	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
,	O
treated	O
with	O
one	O
intraperitoneal	O
injection	O
of	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
therapeutic	O
dose	O
group	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
in	O
which	O
oral	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
3	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
daily	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
animals	O
were	O
then	O
killed	O
and	O
the	O
bladders	O
removed	O
for	O
light	O
and	O
electron	O
microscopic	O
studies	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
light	O
microscopic	O
findings	O
showed	O
some	O
focal	O
epithelial	O
degeneration	O
that	O
was	O
more	O
prominent	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
.	O

When	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
both	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
groups	O
revealed	O
statistically	O
increased	O
numbers	O
of	O
mast	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
mucosa	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
and	O
penetration	O
of	O
lanthanum	B-Chemical
nitrate	I-Chemical
through	O
intercellular	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
epithelium	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
difference	O
in	O
mast	O
cell	O
counts	O
between	O
the	O
high	O
and	O
therapeutic	O
dose	O
groups	O
was	O
also	O
statistically	O
significant	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Indomethacin	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
histopathologic	O
findings	O
typical	O
of	O
interstitial	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
,	O
such	O
as	O
leaky	O
bladder	O
epithelium	O
and	O
mucosal	O
mastocytosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
true	O
incidence	O
of	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
in	O
humans	O
must	O
be	O
clarified	O
by	O
prospective	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

An	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
androgen	B-Chemical
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
antiangiogenic	O
effects	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
assessed	O
in	O
clinical	O
trials	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
various	O
solid	O
and	O
haematological	B-Disease
malignancies	I-Disease
.	O

Thalidomide	B-Chemical
blocks	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
angiogenic	O
agents	O
including	O
bFGF	O
,	O
VEGF	O
and	O
IL	O
-	O
6	O
.	O

We	O
undertook	O
an	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
study	O
using	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
once	O
daily	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
6	O
months	O
in	O
20	O
men	O
with	O
androgen	B-Chemical
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
mean	O
time	O
of	O
study	O
was	O
109	O
days	O
(	O
median	O
107	O
,	O
range	O
4	O
-	O
184	O
days	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
underwent	O
regular	O
measurement	O
of	O
prostate	O
-	O
specific	O
antigen	O
(	O
PSA	O
)	O
,	O
urea	B-Chemical
and	O
electrolytes	O
,	O
serum	O
bFGF	O
and	O
VEGF	O
.	O

Three	O
men	O
(	O
15	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
a	O
decline	O
in	O
serum	O
PSA	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
50	O
%	O
,	O
sustained	O
throughout	O
treatment	O
.	O

Of	O
16	O
men	O
treated	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
2	O
months	O
,	O
six	O
(	O
37	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
a	O
fall	O
in	O
absolute	O
PSA	O
by	O
a	O
median	O
of	O
48	O
%	O
.	O

Increasing	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
bFGF	O
and	O
VEGF	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
progressive	O
disease	O
;	O
five	O
of	O
six	O
men	O
who	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
fall	O
in	O
PSA	O
also	O
showed	O
a	O
decline	O
in	O
bFGF	O
and	O
VEGF	O
levels	O
,	O
and	O
three	O
of	O
four	O
men	O
with	O
a	O
rising	O
PSA	O
showed	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
both	O
growth	O
factors	O
.	O

Adverse	O
effects	O
included	O
constipation	B-Disease
,	O
morning	O
drowsiness	B-Disease
,	O
dizziness	B-Disease
and	O
rash	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
resulted	O
in	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
the	O
study	O
by	O
three	O
men	O
.	O

Evidence	O
of	O
peripheral	B-Disease
sensory	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
nine	O
of	O
13	O
men	O
before	O
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
seven	O
men	O
who	O
completed	O
six	O
months	O
on	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
,	O
subclinical	O
evidence	O
of	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
four	O
before	O
treatment	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
all	O
seven	O
at	O
repeat	O
testing	O
.	O

The	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
an	O
option	O
for	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
failed	O
other	O
forms	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
provided	O
close	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
is	O
maintained	O
for	O
development	O
of	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Central	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
for	O
lumbar	O
plexus	O
block	O
:	O
A	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Central	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
is	O
a	O
recognized	O
complication	O
of	O
regional	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

Levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
pure	O
S	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
enantiomer	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
developed	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
cardiac	O
safety	O
profile	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
describe	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
grand	B-Disease
mal	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
following	O
accidental	O
intravascular	O
injection	O
of	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

CASE	O
REPORT	O
:	O
Two	O
patients	O
presenting	O
for	O
elective	O
orthopedic	O
surgery	O
of	O
the	O
lower	O
limb	O
underwent	O
blockade	O
of	O
the	O
lumbar	O
plexus	O
via	O
the	O
posterior	O
approach	O
.	O

Immediately	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
with	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
2	O
.	O
5	O
microgram	O
/	O
mL	O
,	O
the	O
patients	O
developed	O
grand	B-Disease
mal	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
,	O
despite	O
negative	O
aspiration	O
for	O
blood	O
and	O
no	O
clinical	O
signs	O
of	O
intravenous	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

The	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
sodium	B-Chemical
thiopental	I-Chemical
in	O
addition	O
to	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
in	O
1	O
patient	O
.	O

Neither	O
patient	O
developed	O
signs	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Both	O
patients	O
were	O
treated	O
preoperatively	O
with	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
antagonist	O
medications	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
have	O
masked	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
signs	O
of	O
the	O
unintentional	O
intravascular	O
administration	O
of	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
with	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Although	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
a	O
safer	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
profile	O
than	O
racemic	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
if	O
adequate	O
amounts	O
of	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
reach	O
the	O
circulation	O
,	O
it	O
will	O
result	O
in	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Plasma	O
concentrations	O
sufficient	O
to	O
result	O
in	O
central	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
did	O
not	O
produce	O
manifestations	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
these	O
2	O
patients	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
during	O
bladder	O
irrigation	O
:	O
an	O
unusual	O
presentation	O
-	O
-	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
early	O
(	O
within	O
4	O
days	O
)	O
development	O
of	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TdP	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
oral	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Consistent	O
with	O
other	O
reports	O
this	O
case	O
of	O
TdP	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
multiple	O
exacerbating	O
factors	O
including	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
and	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
excess	O
.	O

Transient	O
prolongation	O
of	O
the	O
QT	O
during	O
bladder	O
irrigation	O
prompted	O
the	O
episode	O
of	O
TdP	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
well	O
known	O
that	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
exacerbates	O
acquired	O
TdP	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
authors	O
speculate	O
that	O
the	O
increased	O
vagal	O
tone	O
during	O
bladder	O
irrigation	O
,	O
a	O
vagal	O
maneuver	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
resulted	O
in	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
proarrhythmia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
a	O
second	O
bladder	O
irrigation	O
did	O
not	O
induce	O
TdP	B-Disease
despite	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
and	O
hypomagnesemia	B-Disease
.	O

Anaesthetic	O
complications	O
associated	O
with	O
myotonia	B-Disease
congenita	I-Disease
:	O
case	O
study	O
and	O
comparison	O
with	O
other	O
myotonic	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Myotonia	B-Disease
congenita	I-Disease
(	O
MC	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
caused	O
by	O
a	O
defect	O
in	O
the	O
skeletal	O
muscle	O
chloride	B-Chemical
channel	O
function	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
cause	O
sustained	B-Disease
membrane	I-Disease
depolarisation	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
previously	O
healthy	O
32	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
who	O
developed	O
a	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
muscle	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
and	O
secondary	O
ventilation	O
difficulties	O
following	O
a	O
preoperative	O
injection	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
muscle	B-Disease
spasms	I-Disease
disappeared	O
spontaneously	O
and	O
the	O
surgery	O
proceeded	O
without	O
further	O
problems	O
.	O

When	O
subsequently	O
questioned	O
,	O
she	O
reported	O
minor	O
symptoms	O
suggesting	O
a	O
myotonic	B-Disease
condition	I-Disease
.	O

Myotonia	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
on	O
clinical	O
examination	O
and	O
EMG	O
.	O

The	O
diagnosis	O
MC	B-Disease
was	O
confirmed	O
genetically	O
.	O

Neither	O
the	O
patient	O
nor	O
the	O
anaesthetist	O
were	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
before	O
this	O
potentially	O
lethal	O
complication	O
occurred	O
.	O

We	O
give	O
a	O
brief	O
overview	O
of	O
ion	B-Disease
channel	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
including	O
malignant	B-Disease
hyperthermia	I-Disease
and	O
their	O
anaesthetic	O
considerations	O
.	O

Respiratory	O
pattern	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
Apnea	B-Disease
is	O
known	O
to	O
occur	O
during	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
systematic	O
studies	O
of	O
ictal	O
respiratory	O
changes	O
in	O
adults	O
are	O
few	O
.	O

Data	O
regarding	O
respiratory	O
pattern	O
defects	O
during	O
interictal	O
periods	O
also	O
are	O
scarce	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
sought	O
to	O
generate	O
information	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
the	O
interictal	O
period	O
in	O
animals	O
with	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Twelve	O
rats	O
(	O
six	O
chronically	O
epileptic	B-Disease
animals	O
and	O
six	O
controls	O
)	O
were	O
anesthetized	O
,	O
given	O
tracheotomies	O
,	O
and	O
subjected	O
to	O
hyperventilation	B-Disease
or	O
hypoventilation	O
conditions	O
.	O

Breathing	O
movements	O
caused	O
changes	O
in	O
thoracic	O
volume	O
and	O
forced	O
air	O
to	O
flow	O
tidally	O
through	O
a	O
pneumotachograph	O
.	O

This	O
flow	O
was	O
measured	O
by	O
using	O
a	O
differential	O
pressure	O
transducer	O
,	O
passed	O
through	O
a	O
polygraph	O
,	O
and	O
from	O
this	O
to	O
a	O
computer	O
with	O
custom	O
software	O
that	O
derived	O
ventilation	O
(	O
VE	O
)	O
,	O
tidal	O
volume	O
(	O
VT	O
)	O
,	O
inspiratory	O
time	O
(	O
TI	O
)	O
,	O
expiratory	O
time	O
(	O
TE	O
)	O
,	O
breathing	O
frequency	O
(	O
f	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
mean	O
inspiratory	O
flow	O
(	O
VT	O
/	O
TI	O
)	O
on	O
a	O
breath	O
-	O
by	O
-	O
breath	O
basis	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
hyperventilation	B-Disease
maneuver	O
caused	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
spontaneous	O
ventilation	O
in	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
and	O
control	O
rats	O
.	O

Although	O
VE	O
had	O
a	O
similar	O
decrease	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
epileptic	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
VE	O
was	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
significant	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
increase	O
in	O
TE	O
peak	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
animals	O
.	O

The	O
hypoventilation	O
maneuver	O
led	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
arterial	O
Paco2	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
VE	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
epileptic	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
VE	O
was	O
mediated	O
by	O
a	O
significant	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
decrease	O
in	O
TE	O
peak	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

Systemic	O
application	O
of	O
KCN	O
,	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
peripheral	O
chemoreception	O
activation	O
on	O
ventilation	O
,	O
led	O
to	O
a	O
similar	O
increase	O
in	O
VE	O
for	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
have	O
an	O
altered	O
ability	O
to	O
react	O
to	O
(	O
or	O
compensate	O
for	O
)	O
blood	O
gas	O
changes	O
with	O
changes	O
in	O
ventilation	O
and	O
suggest	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
centrally	O
determined	O
.	O

We	O
speculate	O
on	O
the	O
possible	O
relation	O
of	O
the	O
current	O
findings	O
on	O
treating	O
different	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
-	O
associated	O
conditions	O
.	O

Fatal	O
myeloencephalopathy	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
intrathecal	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Vincristine	B-Chemical
was	O
accidentally	O
given	O
intrathecally	O
to	O
a	O
child	O
with	O
leukaemia	B-Disease
,	O
producing	O
sensory	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
motor	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
followed	O
by	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
and	O
death	O
.	O

Separate	O
times	O
for	O
administering	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
and	O
intrathecal	O
therapy	O
is	O
recommended	O
.	O

Progesterone	B-Chemical
potentiation	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
arrhythmogenicity	O
in	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
-	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
and	O
beating	O
rat	O
heart	O
cell	O
cultures	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
arrhythmogenicity	O
in	O
beating	O
rat	O
heart	O
myocyte	O
cultures	O
and	O
on	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
were	O
determined	O
.	O

After	O
determining	O
the	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
AD50	O
(	O
the	O
concentration	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
that	O
caused	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
beating	O
rat	O
heart	O
myocyte	O
cultures	O
to	O
become	O
arrhythmic	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
we	O
determined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
1	O
-	O
hour	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
HCl	B-Chemical
exposure	O
on	O
myocyte	O
contractile	O
rhythm	O
.	O

Each	O
concentration	O
of	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
(	O
6	O
.	O
25	O
,	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
25	O
,	O
and	O
50	O
micrograms	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
caused	O
a	O
significant	O
and	O
concentration	O
-	O
dependent	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
AD50	O
for	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Estradiol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
also	O
increased	O
the	O
arrhythmogenicity	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
in	O
myocyte	O
cultures	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
only	O
one	O
fourth	O
as	O
potent	O
as	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
.	O

Neither	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
nor	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
effects	O
on	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
arrhythmogenicity	O
were	O
potentiated	O
by	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

Chronic	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
21	O
days	O
)	O
caused	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
arrhythmogenicity	O
in	O
intact	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
-	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
time	O
to	O
onset	O
of	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
as	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
nonprogesterone	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
vs	O
.	O
30	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
min	O
,	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
indicate	O
that	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
can	O
potentiate	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
arrhythmogenicity	O
both	O
in	O
vivo	O
and	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

Potentiation	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
arrhythmia	B-Disease
in	O
myocyte	O
cultures	O
suggests	O
that	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
at	O
least	O
partly	O
mediated	O
at	O
the	O
myocyte	O
level	O
.	O

Increased	O
serum	O
soluble	O
Fas	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
/	O
AIMS	O
:	O
Experimental	O
studies	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
apoptosis	O
via	O
the	O
Fas	O
/	O
Fas	O
Ligand	O
signaling	O
system	O
may	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
soluble	O
form	O
of	O
Fas	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

METHODOLOGY	O
:	O
Serum	O
levels	O
of	O
sFas	O
(	O
soluble	O
Fas	O
)	O
were	O
measured	O
by	O
ELISA	O
in	O
24	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
10	O
normal	O
control	O
subjects	O
.	O

Serum	O
levels	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
necrosis	B-Disease
factor	O
-	O
alpha	O
and	O
interferon	O
-	O
gamma	O
were	O
also	O
determined	O
by	O
ELISA	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Serum	O
sFas	O
was	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
median	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
8	O
U	O
/	O
mL	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
6	O
.	O
9	O
-	O
52	O
.	O
7	O
U	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
normal	O
controls	O
(	O
median	O
,	O
8	O
.	O
6	O
U	O
/	O
mL	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
0	O
U	O
/	O
mL	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

Levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
(	O
median	O
,	O
28	O
.	O
7	O
U	O
/	O
mL	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
52	O
.	O
7	O
U	O
/	O
mL	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
17	O
)	O
than	O
those	O
due	O
to	O
non	O
-	O
A	O
to	O
E	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
(	O
median	O
,	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
U	O
/	O
mL	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
6	O
.	O
9	O
-	O
46	O
.	O
0	O
U	O
/	O
mL	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
relationship	O
of	O
sFas	O
to	O
eventual	O
outcome	O
in	O
the	O
patients	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
correlation	O
was	O
observed	O
between	O
serum	O
sFas	O
levels	O
and	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
613	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
increased	O
concentration	O
of	O
sFas	O
in	O
serum	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
may	O
reflect	O
activation	O
of	O
Fas	O
-	O
mediated	O
apoptosis	O
in	O
the	O
liver	O
and	O
this	O
together	O
with	O
increased	O
tumor	B-Disease
necrosis	B-Disease
factor	O
-	O
alpha	O
may	O
be	O
an	O
important	O
factor	O
in	O
liver	O
cell	O
loss	O
.	O

Bilateral	O
subthalamic	O
nucleus	O
stimulation	O
for	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

High	O
frequency	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
subthalamic	O
nucleus	O
(	O
STN	O
)	O
is	O
known	O
to	O
ameliorate	O
the	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
advanced	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
We	O
studied	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
high	O
frequency	O
STN	O
stimulation	O
in	O
23	O
patients	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
three	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
severe	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
Stages	O
III	O
-	O
V	O
on	O
Hoehn	O
and	O
Yahr	O
scale	O
)	O
and	O
,	O
particularly	O
bradykinesia	B-Disease
,	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
underwent	O
bilateral	O
implantation	O
of	O
electrodes	O
in	O
the	O
STN	O
.	O

Preoperative	O
and	O
postoperative	O
assessments	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
at	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
6	O
and	O
12	O
months	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
,	O
in	O
"	O
on	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
off	O
"	O
drug	O
conditions	O
,	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
using	O
Unified	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Rating	O
Scale	O
,	O
Hoehn	O
and	O
Yahr	O
staging	O
,	O
England	O
activities	O
of	O
daily	O
living	O
score	O
and	O
video	O
recordings	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
After	O
one	O
year	O
of	O
electrical	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
STN	O
,	O
the	O
patients	O
'	O
scores	O
for	O
activities	O
of	O
daily	O
living	O
and	O
motor	O
examination	O
scores	O
(	O
Unified	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Rating	O
Scale	O
parts	O
II	O
and	O
III	O
)	O
off	O
medication	O
improved	O
by	O
62	O
%	O
and	O
61	O
%	O
respectively	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0005	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
subscores	O
for	O
the	O
akinesia	B-Disease
,	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
gait	O
also	O
improved	O
.	O

(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0005	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
dose	O
decreased	O
from	O
813	O
mg	O
to	O
359	O
mg	O
.	O

The	O
cognitive	O
functions	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
device	O
-	O
related	O
complications	O
and	O
two	O
patients	O
experienced	O
abnormal	O
weight	O
gain	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Bilateral	O
subthalamic	O
nucleus	O
stimulation	O
is	O
an	O
effective	O
treatment	O
for	O
advanced	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
reduces	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
"	O
off	O
"	O
phase	O
symptoms	O
,	O
improves	O
the	O
axial	O
symptoms	O
and	O
reduces	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
requirements	O
.	O

The	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
dose	O
is	O
useful	O
in	O
controlling	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
dyskinesias	I-Disease
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
occurring	O
during	O
intravenous	O
desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
recovery	O
after	O
haemodialysis	O
.	O

A	O
patient	O
with	O
transfusion	O
-	O
dependent	O
thalassemia	B-Disease
was	O
undergoing	O
home	O
intravenous	O
desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DFX	B-Chemical
)	O
treatment	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
a	O
totally	O
implanted	O
system	O
because	O
of	O
his	O
poor	O
compliance	O
with	O
the	O
nightly	O
subcutaneous	O
therapy	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
an	O
accidental	O
malfunctioning	O
of	O
the	O
infusion	O
pump	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
inadvertently	O
administered	O
a	O
toxic	O
dosage	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
which	O
caused	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
.	O

Given	O
the	O
progressive	O
deterioration	O
of	O
the	O
symptoms	O
and	O
of	O
the	O
laboratory	O
values	O
,	O
despite	O
adequate	O
medical	O
treatment	O
,	O
a	O
decision	O
was	O
made	O
to	O
introduce	O
haemodialytical	O
therapy	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
remove	O
the	O
drug	O
and	O
therapy	O
reduce	O
the	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

From	O
the	O
results	O
obtained	O
,	O
haemodialysis	O
can	O
therefore	O
be	O
suggested	O
as	O
a	O
useful	O
therapy	O
in	O
rare	O
cases	O
of	O
progressive	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Ocular	O
motility	O
changes	O
after	O
subtenon	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
for	O
retinoblastoma	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Focal	O
subtenon	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
injections	O
have	O
recently	O
been	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
presumably	O
toxicity	B-Disease
-	O
free	O
adjunct	O
to	O
systemic	O
chemotherapy	O
for	O
intraocular	O
retinoblastoma	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
our	O
clinical	O
experience	O
with	O
abnormal	B-Disease
ocular	I-Disease
motility	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
subtenon	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
noted	O
abnormal	B-Disease
ocular	I-Disease
motility	I-Disease
in	O
10	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
with	O
retinoblastoma	B-Disease
who	O
had	O
received	O
subtenon	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

During	O
ocular	O
manipulation	O
under	O
general	O
anesthesia	O
,	O
we	O
assessed	O
their	O
eyes	O
by	O
forced	O
duction	O
testing	O
,	O
comparing	O
ocular	O
motility	O
after	O
tumor	B-Disease
control	O
with	O
ocular	O
motility	O
at	O
diagnosis	O
.	O

Eyes	O
subsequently	O
enucleated	O
because	O
of	O
treatment	O
failure	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
were	O
examined	O
histologically	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Limitation	O
of	O
ocular	O
motility	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
all	O
12	O
eyes	O
of	O
10	O
patients	O
treated	O
for	O
intraocular	O
retinoblastoma	B-Disease
with	O
1	O
to	O
6	O
injections	O
of	O
subtenon	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
as	O
part	O
of	O
multimodality	O
therapy	O
.	O

Histopathological	O
examination	O
revealed	O
many	O
lipophages	O
in	O
the	O
periorbital	O
fat	O
surrounding	O
the	O
optic	O
nerve	O
in	O
1	O
eye	O
,	O
indicative	O
of	O
phagocytosis	O
of	O
previously	O
existing	O
fat	O
cells	O
and	O
suggesting	O
prior	O
fat	O
necrosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
enucleations	O
were	O
technically	O
difficult	O
and	O
hazardous	O
for	O
globe	O
rupture	B-Disease
because	O
of	O
extensive	O
orbital	O
soft	O
tissue	O
adhesions	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Subtenon	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
significant	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
of	O
orbital	O
soft	O
tissues	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
mechanical	O
restriction	O
of	O
eye	O
movements	O
and	O
making	O
subsequent	O
enucleation	O
difficult	O
.	O

Subtenon	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
not	O
free	O
of	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
its	O
use	O
is	O
best	O
restricted	O
to	O
specific	O
indications	O
.	O

Ethambutol	B-Chemical
and	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
and	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Thirteen	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
after	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
for	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
lymph	I-Disease
node	I-Disease
at	O
Siriraj	O
Hospital	O
between	O
1997	O
and	O
2001	O
were	O
retrospectively	O
reviewed	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
characteristics	O
and	O
initial	O
and	O
final	O
visual	O
acuity	O
were	O
analyzed	O
to	O
determine	O
visual	O
outcome	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
patients	O
had	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
between	O
1	O
to	O
6	O
months	O
(	O
mean	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
months	O
)	O
after	O
starting	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
at	O
a	O
dosage	O
ranging	O
from	O
13	O
to	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
mean	O
=	O
17	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
.	O

Seven	O
(	O
54	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
13	O
patients	O
experienced	O
visual	O
recovery	O
after	O
stopping	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Of	O
6	O
patients	O
with	O
irreversible	O
visual	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
,	O
4	O
patients	O
had	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
,	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
heavy	O
smoking	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Early	O
recognition	O
of	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
should	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
low	O
dose	O
and	O
prompt	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
is	O
recommended	O
particularly	O
in	O
individuals	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
,	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
or	O
who	O
are	O
heavy	O
smokers	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
compensatory	O
gustatory	B-Disease
hyperhidrosis	I-Disease
with	O
topical	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
.	O

Gustatory	B-Disease
hyperhidrosis	I-Disease
is	O
facial	O
sweating	B-Disease
usually	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
eating	O
of	O
hot	O
spicy	O
food	O
or	O
even	O
smelling	O
this	O
food	O
.	O

Current	O
options	O
of	O
treatment	O
include	O
oral	O
anticholinergic	O
drugs	O
,	O
the	O
topical	O
application	O
of	O
anticholinergics	O
or	O
aluminum	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
botulinum	O
toxin	O
.	O

Thirteen	O
patients	O
have	O
been	O
treated	O
to	O
date	O
with	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
or	O
2	O
%	O
topical	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
.	O

All	O
patients	O
had	O
gustatory	B-Disease
hyperhidrosis	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
interfered	O
with	O
their	O
social	O
activities	O
,	O
after	O
transthroacic	O
endoscopic	O
sympathectomy	O
,	O
and	O
which	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
compensatory	O
focal	O
hyperhidrosis	B-Disease
.	O

After	O
applying	O
topical	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
subjective	O
effect	O
was	O
excellent	O
(	O
no	O
sweating	B-Disease
after	O
eating	O
hot	O
spicy	O
food	O
)	O
in	O
10	O
patients	O
(	O
77	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
fair	O
(	O
clearly	O
reduced	O
sweating	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
3	O
patients	O
(	O
23	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
had	O
reported	O
incidents	O
of	O
being	O
very	O
embarrassed	O
whilst	O
eating	O
hot	O
spicy	O
foods	O
.	O

Adverse	O
effects	O
included	O
a	O
mildly	O
dry	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
sore	B-Disease
throat	I-Disease
in	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
2	O
%	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
light	O
headache	B-Disease
in	O
1	O
patient	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

The	O
topical	O
application	O
of	O
a	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
pad	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
safe	O
,	O
efficacious	O
,	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
convenient	O
method	O
of	O
treatment	O
for	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
symptoms	O
of	O
gustatory	B-Disease
hyperhidrosis	I-Disease
in	O
post	O
transthoracic	O
endoscopic	O
sympathectomy	O
or	O
sympathicotomy	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
few	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Neuroleptic	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

Can	O
it	O
be	O
treated	O
with	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
?	O

Six	O
stable	O
psychiatric	O
outpatients	O
with	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
and	O
amenorrhea	B-Disease
/	O
oligomenorrhea	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
their	O
neuroleptic	B-Chemical
medications	I-Chemical
were	O
treated	O
with	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
.	O

Daily	O
dosages	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
10	O
mg	O
corrected	O
the	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
and	O
restored	O
menstruation	O
in	O
four	O
of	O
the	O
six	O
patients	O
.	O

One	O
woman	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
developed	O
worsened	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
while	O
taking	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
discontinued	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
three	O
of	O
six	O
patients	O
had	O
their	O
menstrual	O
irregularity	O
successfully	O
corrected	O
with	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
suggests	O
that	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
further	O
evaluated	O
as	O
potential	O
therapy	O
for	O
neuroleptic	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
and	O
amenorrhea	B-Disease
/	O
galactorrhea	B-Disease
.	O

Ethacrynic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
brain	O
neurotransmitters	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Intracerebroventricular	O
injection	O
of	O
ethacrynic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
50	O
%	O
convulsive	B-Disease
dose	O
;	O
50	O
micrograms	O
/	O
mouse	O
)	O
accelerated	O
the	O
synthesis	O
/	O
turnover	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptamine	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
)	O
but	O
suppressed	O
the	O
synthesis	O
of	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
and	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
in	O
mouse	O
brain	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
were	O
completely	O
antagonized	O
by	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
a	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
/	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
aminophosphonovaleric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
ethacrynic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
,	O
these	O
neurotransmitter	O
systems	O
may	O
be	O
differentially	O
modulated	O
,	O
probably	O
through	O
activation	O
of	O
glutaminergic	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

Pharmacology	O
of	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acidA	I-Chemical
receptor	O
complex	O
after	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
anxioselective	O
and	O
anticonvulsant	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
derivative	O
abecarnil	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
rodents	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
derivative	O
isopropyl	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
benzyloxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methoxymethyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylate	I-Chemical
(	O
abecarrnil	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
ligand	O
for	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
possessing	O
anxiolytic	O
and	O
anticonvulsant	O
properties	O
,	O
was	O
evaluated	O
on	O
the	O
function	O
of	O
central	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
)	O
A	O
receptor	O
complex	O
,	O
both	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Added	O
in	O
vitro	O
to	O
rat	O
cortical	O
membrane	O
preparation	O
,	O
abecarnil	B-Chemical
increased	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
GABA	B-Chemical
binding	O
,	O
enhanced	O
muscimol	B-Chemical
-	O
stimulated	O
36Cl	O
-	O
uptake	O
and	O
reduced	O
the	O
binding	O
of	O
t	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
35S	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
butylbicyclophosphorothionate	I-Chemical
(	O
[	B-Chemical
35S	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
TBPS	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
were	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
induced	O
by	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
partial	O
agonist	O
Ro	B-Chemical
16	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
6028	I-Chemical
(	O
tert	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
butyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
S	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bromo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
11	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
12	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
13	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
13a	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
oxo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9H	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
imidazo	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
a	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyrrolo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
c	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
benzodiazepine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylate	I-Chemical
)	O
showed	O
very	O
weak	O
efficacy	O
in	O
these	O
biochemical	O
tests	O
.	O

After	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	O
to	O
rats	O
,	O
abecarnil	B-Chemical
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
decreased	O
in	O
a	O
time	O
-	O
dependent	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
-	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
manner	O
[	B-Chemical
35S	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
TBPS	I-Chemical
binding	O
measured	O
ex	O
vivo	O
in	O
the	O
cerebral	O
cortex	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
both	O
drugs	O
at	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
antagonized	O
completely	O
the	O
convulsant	O
activity	O
and	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
[	B-Chemical
35S	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
TBPS	I-Chemical
binding	O
induced	O
by	O
isoniazide	B-Chemical
(	O
350	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
[	B-Chemical
35S	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
TBPS	I-Chemical
binding	O
induced	O
by	O
foot	O
-	O
shock	O
stress	O
.	O

To	O
better	O
correlate	O
the	O
biochemical	O
and	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
effects	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
action	O
of	O
abecarnil	B-Chemical
on	O
[	B-Chemical
35S	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
TBPS	I-Chemical
binding	O
,	O
exploratory	O
motility	O
and	O
on	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
biochemical	O
and	O
pharmacological	O
effects	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
these	O
animals	O
,	O
abecarnil	B-Chemical
produced	O
a	O
paralleled	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
-	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
reduction	O
of	O
both	O
motor	O
behavior	O
and	O
cortical	O
[	O
35S	O
]	O
TBPS	O
binding	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
this	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
reduced	O
markedly	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
[	B-Chemical
35S	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
TBPS	I-Chemical
binding	O
and	O
the	O
convulsions	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Recurrent	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
postpartum	O
patient	O
receiving	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
.	O

Myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
puerperium	O
is	O
infrequently	O
reported	O
.	O

Spasm	B-Disease
,	O
coronary	O
dissection	O
,	O
or	O
atheromatous	O
etiology	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
.	O

Bromocriptine	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
several	O
previous	O
case	O
reports	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
puerperium	O
.	O

Our	O
case	O
(	O
including	O
an	O
inadvertent	O
rechallenge	O
)	O
suggests	O
such	O
a	O
relationship	O
.	O

Although	O
generally	O
regarded	O
as	O
"	O
safe	O
,	O
"	O
possible	O
serious	O
cardiac	O
effects	O
of	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
acknowledged	O
.	O

Asterixis	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
very	O
few	O
reports	O
about	O
asterixis	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
psychopharmacologic	O
agents	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
report	O
we	O
present	O
four	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
different	O
psychotropic	O
drugs	O
,	O
in	O
whom	O
asterixis	B-Disease
was	O
triggered	O
either	O
by	O
adding	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
(	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
a	O
treatment	O
regimen	O
,	O
or	O
by	O
increasing	O
its	O
dosage	O
.	O

Neither	O
dosage	O
nor	O
serum	O
levels	O
of	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
were	O
in	O
a	O
higher	O
range	O
.	O

We	O
consider	O
asterixis	B-Disease
to	O
be	O
an	O
easily	O
overlooked	O
sign	O
of	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
may	O
occur	O
even	O
at	O
low	O
or	O
moderate	O
dosage	O
levels	O
,	O
if	O
certain	O
drugs	O
as	O
lithium	B-Chemical
or	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
are	O
used	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
.	O

Pharmacodynamics	O
of	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
in	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Blood	O
pressure	O
effects	O
of	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
were	O
examined	O
in	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
stable	O
and	O
fluctuating	O
responses	O
to	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
magnitude	O
of	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
was	O
concentration	O
dependent	O
and	O
was	O
fit	O
to	O
an	O
Emax	O
model	O
in	O
fluctuating	O
responders	O
.	O

Stable	O
responders	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
small	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	O
.	O

Baseline	O
blood	O
pressures	O
were	O
higher	O
in	O
fluctuating	O
patients	O
;	O
a	O
higher	O
baseline	O
blood	O
pressure	O
correlated	O
with	O
greater	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effects	O
.	O

Antiparkinsonian	O
effects	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
temporally	O
correlated	O
with	O
blood	O
pressure	O
changes	O
.	O

Phenylalanine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
large	O
neutral	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
LNAA	O
)	O
competing	O
with	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
for	O
transport	O
across	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
reduced	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
and	O
antiparkinsonian	O
effects	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
has	O
a	O
central	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
action	O
that	O
parallels	O
the	O
motor	O
effects	O
in	O
fluctuating	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effect	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
higher	O
baseline	O
blood	O
pressure	O
we	O
observed	O
in	O
fluctuating	O
patients	O
relative	O
to	O
stable	O
patients	O
.	O

Syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
inappropriate	I-Disease
secretion	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
antidiuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
after	O
infusional	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
77	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
refractory	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
was	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
4	O
-	O
day	O
continuous	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
oral	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
.	O

Nine	O
days	O
after	O
her	O
second	O
cycle	O
she	O
presented	O
with	O
lethargy	B-Disease
and	O
weakness	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
hyponatremia	B-Disease
.	O

Evaluation	O
revealed	O
the	O
syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
inappropriate	I-Disease
secretion	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
antidiuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
was	O
attributed	O
to	O
the	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

After	O
normal	O
serum	O
sodium	B-Chemical
levels	O
returned	O
,	O
further	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
without	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
produce	O
this	O
complication	O
.	O

Heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
:	O
to	O
digitalise	O
or	O
not	O
?	O

The	O
view	O
against	O
.	O

Despite	O
extensive	O
clinical	O
experience	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
is	O
still	O
not	O
well	O
defined	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
digoxin	B-Chemical
is	O
beneficial	O
for	O
ventricular	O
rate	O
control	O
.	O

For	O
patients	O
in	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
and	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
the	O
situation	O
is	O
less	O
clear	O
.	O

Digoxin	B-Chemical
has	O
a	O
narrow	O
therapeutic	O
:	O
toxic	O
ratio	O
and	O
concentrations	O
are	O
affected	O
by	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
drugs	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
has	O
undesirable	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
increasing	O
peripheral	O
resistance	O
and	O
myocardial	O
demands	O
,	O
and	O
causing	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
paucity	O
of	O
data	O
from	O
well	O
-	O
designed	O
trials	O
.	O

The	O
trials	O
that	O
are	O
available	O
are	O
generally	O
small	O
with	O
limitations	O
in	O
design	O
and	O
these	O
show	O
variation	O
in	O
patient	O
benefit	O
.	O

More	O
convincing	O
evidence	O
is	O
required	O
showing	O
that	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
improves	O
symptoms	O
or	O
exercise	O
capacity	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
no	O
trial	O
has	O
had	O
sufficient	O
power	O
to	O
evaluate	O
mortality	O
.	O

Pooled	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
inotropic	O
drugs	O
shows	O
an	O
excess	O
mortality	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
possibility	O
that	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
may	O
increase	O
mortality	O
after	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
MI	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
inhibitors	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
first	O
as	O
they	O
are	O
safer	O
,	O
do	O
not	O
require	O
blood	O
level	O
monitoring	O
,	O
modify	O
progression	O
of	O
disease	O
,	O
relieve	O
symptoms	O
,	O
improve	O
exercise	O
tolerance	O
and	O
reduce	O
mortality	O
.	O

Caution	O
should	O
be	O
exercised	O
in	O
using	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
until	O
large	O
mortality	O
trials	O
are	O
completed	O
showing	O
either	O
benefit	O
or	O
harm	O
.	O

Until	O
then	O
digoxin	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
considered	O
a	O
third	O
-	O
line	O
therapy	O
.	O

Isradipine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
general	O
practice	O
in	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
.	O

A	O
6	O
-	O
week	O
open	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
isradipine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
general	O
practice	O
in	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
.	O

303	O
Chinese	O
patients	O
with	O
mild	O
to	O
moderate	O
hypertension	B-Disease
entered	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Side	O
effects	O
were	O
reported	O
in	O
21	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
and	O
caused	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
the	O
study	O
in	O
3	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
main	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
were	O
headache	B-Disease
,	O
dizziness	B-Disease
,	O
palpitation	B-Disease
and	O
flushing	B-Disease
and	O
these	O
were	O
not	O
more	O
frequent	O
than	O
reported	O
in	O
other	O
studies	O
with	O
isradipine	B-Chemical
or	O
with	O
placebo	O
.	O

Supine	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
reduced	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
from	O
170	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
20	O
/	O
102	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
mmHg	O
to	O
153	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
19	O
/	O
92	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
,	O
147	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
18	O
/	O
88	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
and	O
144	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
14	O
/	O
87	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
mmHg	O
at	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
and	O
6	O
weeks	O
respectively	O
in	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
.	O

Similar	O
reductions	O
occurred	O
in	O
standing	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
postural	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

Normalization	O
and	O
responder	O
rates	O
at	O
6	O
weeks	O
were	O
86	O
%	O
and	O
69	O
%	O
respectively	O
.	O

Dosage	O
was	O
increased	O
from	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
b	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
to	O
5	O
mg	O
b	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
at	O
4	O
weeks	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
greater	O
than	O
90	O
mmHg	O
and	O
their	O
further	O
response	O
was	O
greater	O
than	O
those	O
remaining	O
on	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
b	O
.	O
d	O
.	O

Pharmacological	O
characteristics	O
and	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
galenic	O
formulation	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
without	O
soyabean	O
oil	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
pharmacokinetics	O
,	O
pharmacodynamics	O
and	O
safety	O
profile	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
galenic	O
formulation	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
(	O
AM149	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
does	O
not	O
contain	O
soyabean	O
oil	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
standard	O
formulation	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
(	O
Disoprivan	B-Chemical
1	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
randomised	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
cross	O
-	O
over	O
study	O
,	O
30	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
received	O
a	O
single	O
intravenous	O
bolus	O
injection	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
propofol	B-Chemical
.	O

Plasma	O
propofol	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
measured	O
for	O
48	O
h	O
following	O
drug	O
administration	O
and	O
evaluated	O
according	O
to	O
a	O
three	O
-	O
compartment	O
model	O
.	O

The	O
pharmacodynamic	O
parameters	O
assessed	O
included	O
induction	O
and	O
emergence	O
times	O
,	O
respiratory	O
and	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
,	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
on	O
injection	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
monitored	O
for	O
side	O
effects	O
over	O
48	O
h	O
.	O

Owing	O
to	O
a	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
thrombophlebitis	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
terminated	O
prematurely	O
and	O
only	O
the	O
data	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
parallel	O
treatment	O
groups	O
(	O
15	O
patients	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
)	O
were	O
analysed	O
.	O

Plasma	O
concentrations	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
formulations	O
.	O

Anaesthesia	O
induction	O
and	O
emergence	O
times	O
,	O
respiratory	O
and	O
cardiovascular	O
variables	O
showed	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
treatment	O
groups	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
on	O
injection	O
(	O
80	O
vs	O
.	O
20	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
and	O
thrombophlebitis	B-Disease
(	O
93	O
.	O
3	O
vs	O
.	O
6	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
occurred	O
more	O
frequently	O
with	O
AM149	O
than	O
with	O
Disoprivan	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
both	O
formulations	O
had	O
similar	O
pharmacokinetic	O
and	O
pharmacodynamic	O
profiles	O
the	O
new	O
formulation	O
is	O
not	O
suitable	O
for	O
clinical	O
use	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
thrombophlebitis	B-Disease
produced	O
.	O

Pure	B-Disease
red	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
aplasia	I-Disease
,	O
toxic	B-Disease
dermatitis	I-Disease
and	O
lymphadenopathy	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
taking	O
diphenylhydantoin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
patient	O
taking	O
diphenylhydantoin	B-Chemical
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
developed	O
a	O
generalized	O
skin	B-Disease
rash	I-Disease
,	O
lymphadenopathy	B-Disease
and	O
pure	B-Disease
red	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
aplasia	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
the	O
pharmacon	O
all	O
symptoms	O
disappeared	O
spontaneously	O
.	O

Skin	B-Disease
rash	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
complication	O
of	O
diphenylhydantoin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
as	O
is	O
benign	O
and	O
malignant	O
lymphadenopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Pure	B-Disease
red	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
aplasia	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
diphenylhydantoin	B-Chemical
medication	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
3	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
exact	O
mechanism	O
by	O
which	O
diphenylhydantoin	B-Chemical
exerts	O
its	O
toxic	O
effects	O
is	O
not	O
known	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
patient	O
the	O
time	O
relation	O
between	O
the	O
ingestion	O
of	O
diphenylhydantoin	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
the	O
skin	B-Disease
rash	I-Disease
,	O
lymphadenopathy	B-Disease
and	O
pure	B-Disease
red	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
aplasia	I-Disease
is	O
very	O
suggestive	O
of	O
a	O
direct	O
connection	O
.	O

Vinorelbine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
cardiac	O
events	O
:	O
a	O
meta	O
-	O
analysis	O
of	O
randomized	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

Several	O
cases	O
of	O
cardiac	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
related	O
to	O
vinorelbine	B-Chemical
(	O
VNR	B-Chemical
)	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
quantify	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
these	O
cardiac	O
events	O
,	O
we	O
performed	O
a	O
meta	O
-	O
analysis	O
of	O
clinical	O
trials	O
comparing	O
VNR	B-Chemical
with	O
other	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agents	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
various	O
malignancies	B-Disease
.	O

Randomized	O
clinical	O
trials	O
comparing	O
VNR	B-Chemical
with	O
other	O
drugs	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
cancer	B-Disease
were	O
searched	O
in	O
Medline	O
,	O
Embase	O
,	O
Evidence	O
-	O
based	O
Medicine	O
Reviews	O
databases	O
and	O
the	O
Cochrane	O
library	O
from	O
1987	O
to	O
2002	O
.	O

Outcomes	O
of	O
interest	O
were	O
severe	O
cardiac	O
events	O
,	O
toxic	O
deaths	O
and	O
cardiac	O
event	O
-	O
related	O
deaths	O
reported	O
in	O
each	O
publication	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
19	O
trials	O
,	O
involving	O
2441	O
patients	O
treated	O
by	O
VNR	B-Chemical
and	O
2050	O
control	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
cardiac	O
events	O
with	O
VNR	B-Chemical
was	O
1	O
.	O
19	O
%	O
[	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
;	O
1	O
.	O
67	O
)	O
]	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
cardiac	O
events	O
between	O
VNR	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
drugs	O
[	O
odds	O
ratio	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
92	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
54	O
;	O
1	O
.	O
55	O
)	O
]	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
VNR	B-Chemical
cardiac	O
events	O
was	O
similar	O
to	O
vindesine	B-Chemical
(	O
VDS	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
other	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
drugs	O
[	O
fluorouracil	B-Chemical
,	O
anthracyclines	B-Chemical
,	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
GEM	B-Chemical
)	O
em	O
leader	O
]	O
.	O

Even	O
if	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
reach	O
statistical	O
significance	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
few	O
number	O
of	O
cases	O
,	O
the	O
risk	O
was	O
lower	O
in	O
trials	O
excluding	O
patients	O
with	O
cardiac	O
history	O
,	O
and	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
higher	O
in	O
trials	O
including	O
patients	O
with	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
cardiac	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
.	O

Vinorelbine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
cardiac	O
events	O
concern	O
about	O
1	O
%	O
of	O
treated	O
patients	O
in	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
risk	O
associated	O
with	O
VNR	B-Chemical
seems	O
to	O
be	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
other	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agents	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
indications	O
.	O

MRI	O
findings	O
of	O
hypoxic	O
cortical	O
laminar	O
necrosis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
child	O
with	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
crisis	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
findings	O
of	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
who	O
had	O
a	O
rapidly	O
installing	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
crisis	O
induced	O
by	O
trimethoprim	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sulfomethoxazole	I-Chemical
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
cerebral	B-Disease
anoxia	I-Disease
leading	O
to	O
permanent	O
damage	O
.	O

Magnetic	O
Resonance	O
imaging	O
revealed	O
cortical	O
laminar	O
necrosis	B-Disease
in	O
arterial	O
border	O
zones	O
in	O
both	O
cerebral	O
hemispheres	O
,	O
ischemic	O
changes	O
in	O
subcortical	O
white	O
matter	O
of	O
left	O
cerebral	O
hemisphere	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
left	O
putamen	O
.	O

Although	O
cortical	O
laminar	O
necrosis	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
classic	O
entity	O
in	O
adulthood	O
related	O
to	O
conditions	O
of	O
energy	O
depletions	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
few	O
reports	O
available	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

A	O
wide	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
is	O
also	O
presented	O
.	O

The	O
natural	O
history	O
of	O
Vigabatrin	B-Chemical
associated	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
electing	O
to	O
continue	O
their	O
medication	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
natural	O
history	O
of	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
known	O
to	O
have	O
Vigabatrin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
changes	O
who	O
elected	O
to	O
continue	O
the	O
medication	O
because	O
of	O
good	O
seizure	B-Disease
control	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
All	O
patients	O
taking	O
Vigabatrin	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
5	O
years	O
(	O
range	O
5	O
-	O
12	O
years	O
)	O
were	O
entered	O
into	O
a	O
visual	O
surveillance	O
programme	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
followed	O
up	O
at	O
6	O
-	O
monthly	O
intervals	O
for	O
not	O
less	O
than	O
18	O
months	O
(	O
range	O
18	O
-	O
43	O
months	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
,	O
16	O
patients	O
with	O
unequivocal	O
defects	O
continued	O
the	O
medication	O
.	O

Following	O
already	O
published	O
methodology	O
(	O
Eye	O
2002	O
;	O
16	O
;	O
567	O
-	O
571	O
)	O
monocular	O
mean	O
radial	O
degrees	O
(	O
MRDs	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
I	O
/	O
4e	O
isopter	O
on	O
Goldmann	O
perimetry	O
was	O
calculated	O
for	O
the	O
right	O
eye	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
discovery	O
of	O
a	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defect	I-Disease
and	O
again	O
after	O
not	O
less	O
than	O
18	O
months	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Mean	O
right	O
eye	O
MRD	O
at	O
presentation	O
was	O
36	O
.	O
98	O
degrees	O
(	O
range	O
22	O
.	O
25	O
-	O
51	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
38	O
.	O
40	O
degrees	O
(	O
range	O
22	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
49	O
.	O
75	O
)	O
after	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
338	O
unpaired	O
t	O
-	O
test	O
.	O

Only	O
one	O
patient	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
deterioration	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
visual	I-Disease
field	I-Disease
during	O
the	O
study	O
period	O
and	O
discontinued	O
treatment	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Established	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
presumed	O
to	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
Vigabatrin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
did	O
not	O
usually	O
progress	O
in	O
spite	O
of	O
continuing	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
medication	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
give	O
support	O
to	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
Vigabatrin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
an	O
idiosyncratic	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
rather	O
than	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Induction	O
of	O
rosaceiform	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
of	O
facial	B-Disease
inflammatory	I-Disease
dermatoses	I-Disease
with	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
ointment	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Tacrolimus	B-Chemical
ointment	O
is	O
increasingly	O
used	O
for	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
treatment	O
of	O
sensitive	O
areas	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
face	O
,	O
and	O
recent	O
observations	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
treatment	O
is	O
effective	O
in	O
steroid	B-Chemical
-	O
aggravated	O
rosacea	B-Disease
and	O
perioral	B-Disease
dermatitis	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
rosaceiform	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
complication	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
ointment	O
.	O

OBSERVATIONS	O
:	O
Six	O
adult	O
patients	O
with	O
inflammatory	B-Disease
facial	I-Disease
dermatoses	I-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
ointment	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
ineffectiveness	O
of	O
standard	O
treatments	O
.	O

Within	O
2	O
to	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
initially	O
effective	O
and	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
treatment	O
,	O
3	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
rosacea	B-Disease
and	O
1	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
acne	B-Disease
experienced	O
sudden	O
worsening	O
with	O
pustular	O
rosaceiform	O
lesions	O
.	O

Biopsy	O
revealed	O
an	O
abundance	O
of	O
Demodex	O
mites	O
in	O
2	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

In	O
1	O
patient	O
with	O
eyelid	O
eczema	B-Disease
,	O
rosaceiform	O
periocular	B-Disease
dermatitis	I-Disease
gradually	O
appeared	O
after	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
1	O
patient	O
with	O
atopic	B-Disease
dermatitis	I-Disease
,	O
telangiectatic	O
and	O
papular	B-Disease
rosacea	I-Disease
insidiously	O
appeared	O
after	O
5	O
months	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Our	O
observations	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
spectrum	O
of	O
rosaceiform	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
complication	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
ointment	O
is	O
heterogeneous	O
.	O

A	O
variety	O
of	O
factors	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
vasoactive	O
properties	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
proliferation	O
of	O
Demodex	O
due	O
to	O
local	O
immunosuppression	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
occlusive	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
ointment	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
observed	O
phenomena	O
.	O

Future	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
identify	O
individual	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Intravascular	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
following	O
intermittent	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
.	O

Intravascular	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
leading	O
to	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
following	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
is	O
extremely	O
rare	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
with	O
leprosy	B-Disease
who	O
developed	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
following	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
are	O
reported	O
.	O

Structural	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
the	O
brains	O
of	O
human	O
subjects	O
who	O
use	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
visualize	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
profile	O
of	O
structural	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
human	I-Disease
brain	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
chronic	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
MA	B-Chemical
)	O
abuse	O
.	O

Studies	O
of	O
human	O
subjects	O
who	O
have	O
used	O
MA	B-Chemical
chronically	O
have	O
revealed	O
deficits	O
in	O
dopaminergic	O
and	O
serotonergic	O
systems	O
and	O
cerebral	O
metabolic	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

Using	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
MRI	O
)	O
and	O
new	O
computational	O
brain	O
-	O
mapping	O
techniques	O
,	O
we	O
determined	O
the	O
pattern	O
of	O
structural	O
brain	O
alterations	O
associated	O
with	O
chronic	O
MA	B-Chemical
abuse	O
in	O
human	O
subjects	O
and	O
related	O
these	O
deficits	O
to	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
used	O
high	O
-	O
resolution	O
MRI	O
and	O
surface	O
-	O
based	O
computational	O
image	O
analyses	O
to	O
map	O
regional	O
abnormalities	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
cortex	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
hippocampus	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
white	I-Disease
matter	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
ventricles	I-Disease
in	O
22	O
human	O
subjects	O
who	O
used	O
MA	B-Chemical
and	O
21	O
age	O
-	O
matched	O
,	O
healthy	O
controls	O
.	O

Cortical	O
maps	O
revealed	O
severe	O
gray	O
-	O
matter	O
deficits	O
in	O
the	O
cingulate	O
,	O
limbic	O
,	O
and	O
paralimbic	O
cortices	O
of	O
MA	B-Chemical
abusers	O
(	O
averaging	O
11	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
below	O
control	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
average	O
,	O
MA	B-Chemical
abusers	O
had	O
7	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
smaller	O
hippocampal	O
volumes	O
than	O
control	O
subjects	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
;	O
left	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
;	O
right	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
significant	O
white	O
-	O
matter	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
(	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Hippocampal	O
deficits	O
were	O
mapped	O
and	O
correlated	O
with	O
memory	O
performance	O
on	O
a	O
word	O
-	O
recall	O
test	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

MRI	O
-	O
based	O
maps	O
suggest	O
that	O
chronic	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
abuse	O
causes	O
a	O
selective	O
pattern	O
of	O
cerebral	O
deterioration	O
that	O
contributes	O
to	O
impaired	B-Disease
memory	I-Disease
performance	I-Disease
.	O

MA	B-Chemical
may	O
selectively	O
damage	O
the	O
medial	O
temporal	O
lobe	O
and	O
,	O
consistent	O
with	O
metabolic	O
studies	O
,	O
the	O
cingulate	O
-	O
limbic	O
cortex	O
,	O
inducing	O
neuroadaptation	O
,	O
neuropil	O
reduction	O
,	O
or	O
cell	O
death	O
.	O

Prominent	O
white	O
-	O
matter	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
may	O
result	O
from	O
altered	O
myelination	O
and	O
adaptive	O
glial	O
changes	O
,	O
including	O
gliosis	B-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
neuronal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
brain	O
substrates	O
may	O
help	O
account	O
for	O
the	O
symptoms	O
of	O
MA	B-Chemical
abuse	O
,	O
providing	O
therapeutic	O
targets	O
for	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
brain	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Disruption	O
of	O
hepatic	O
lipid	O
homeostasis	O
in	O
mice	O
after	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
peroxisome	O
proliferator	O
-	O
activated	O
receptor	O
-	O
alpha	O
target	O
gene	O
activation	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
efficacious	O
and	O
widely	O
used	O
antiarrhythmic	O
agent	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
cause	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
some	O
patients	O
.	O

To	O
gain	O
insight	O
into	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
this	O
unwanted	O
effect	O
,	O
mice	O
were	O
administered	O
various	O
doses	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
and	O
examined	O
for	O
changes	O
in	O
hepatic	O
histology	O
and	O
gene	O
regulation	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
induced	O
hepatomegaly	B-Disease
,	O
hepatocyte	O
microvesicular	O
lipid	O
accumulation	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
serum	O
triglycerides	B-Chemical
and	O
glucose	B-Chemical
.	O

Northern	O
blot	O
analysis	O
of	O
hepatic	O
RNA	O
revealed	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
genes	O
critical	O
for	O
fatty	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
oxidation	O
,	O
lipoprotein	O
assembly	O
,	O
and	O
lipid	O
transport	O
.	O

Many	O
of	O
these	O
genes	O
are	O
regulated	O
by	O
the	O
peroxisome	O
proliferator	O
-	O
activated	O
receptor	O
-	O
alpha	O
(	O
PPARalpha	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
ligand	O
-	O
activated	O
nuclear	O
hormone	O
receptor	O
transcription	O
factor	O
.	O

The	O
absence	O
of	O
induction	O
of	O
these	O
genes	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
hepatomegaly	B-Disease
in	O
PPARalpha	O
knockout	O
[	O
PPARalpha	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
]	O
mice	O
indicated	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
were	O
dependent	O
upon	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
functional	O
PPARalpha	O
gene	O
.	O

Compared	O
to	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
mice	O
,	O
treatment	O
of	O
PPARalpha	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
with	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
increased	O
rate	O
and	O
extent	O
of	O
total	O
body	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
inability	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
to	O
directly	O
activate	O
either	O
human	O
or	O
mouse	O
PPARalpha	O
transiently	O
expressed	O
in	O
human	O
HepG2	O
hepatoma	B-Disease
cells	O
indicates	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
function	O
of	O
this	O
receptor	O
were	O
indirect	O
.	O

Based	O
upon	O
these	O
results	O
,	O
we	O
conclude	O
that	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
disrupts	O
hepatic	O
lipid	O
homeostasis	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
increased	O
expression	O
of	O
PPARalpha	O
target	O
genes	O
is	O
secondary	O
to	O
this	O
toxic	O
effect	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
provide	O
important	O
new	O
mechanistic	O
information	O
regarding	O
the	O
hepatotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
and	O
indicate	O
that	O
PPARalpha	O
protects	O
against	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Safety	O
and	O
compliance	O
with	O
once	O
-	O
daily	O
niacin	B-Chemical
extended	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
release	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
lovastatin	I-Chemical
as	O
initial	O
therapy	O
in	O
the	O
Impact	O
of	O
Medical	O
Subspecialty	O
on	O
Patient	O
Compliance	O
to	O
Treatment	O
(	O
IMPACT	O
)	O
study	O
.	O

Niacin	B-Chemical
extended	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
release	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
lovastatin	I-Chemical
is	O
a	O
new	O
combination	O
product	O
approved	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
primary	O
hypercholesterolemia	B-Disease
and	O
mixed	O
dyslipidemia	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
open	O
-	O
labeled	O
,	O
multicenter	O
study	O
evaluated	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
bedtime	O
niacin	B-Chemical
extended	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
release	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
lovastatin	I-Chemical
when	O
dosed	O
as	O
initial	O
therapy	O
and	O
patient	O
compliance	O
to	O
treatment	O
in	O
various	O
clinical	O
practice	O
settings	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
4	O
,	O
499	O
patients	O
with	O
dyslipidemia	B-Disease
requiring	O
drug	O
intervention	O
was	O
enrolled	O
at	O
1	O
,	O
081	O
sites	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
1	O
tablet	O
(	O
500	O
mg	O
of	O
niacin	B-Chemical
extended	O
-	O
release	O
/	O
20	O
mg	O
of	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
)	O
once	O
nightly	O
for	O
4	O
weeks	O
and	O
then	O
2	O
tablets	O
for	O
8	O
weeks	O
.	O

Patients	O
also	O
received	O
dietary	O
counseling	O
,	O
educational	O
materials	O
,	O
and	O
reminders	O
to	O
call	O
a	O
toll	O
-	O
free	O
number	O
that	O
provided	O
further	O
education	O
about	O
dyslipidemia	B-Disease
and	O
niacin	B-Chemical
extended	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
release	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
lovastatin	I-Chemical
.	O

Primary	O
end	O
points	O
were	O
study	O
compliance	O
,	O
increases	O
in	O
liver	O
transaminases	O
to	O
>	O
3	O
times	O
the	O
upper	O
limit	O
of	O
normal	O
,	O
and	O
clinical	O
myopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Final	O
study	O
status	O
was	O
available	O
for	O
4	O
,	O
217	O
patients	O
(	O
94	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Compliance	O
to	O
niacin	B-Chemical
extended	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
release	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
lovastatin	I-Chemical
was	O
77	O
%	O
,	O
with	O
3	O
,	O
245	O
patients	O
completing	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Patients	O
in	O
the	O
southeast	O
and	O
those	O
enrolled	O
by	O
endocrinologists	O
had	O
the	O
lowest	O
compliance	O
and	O
highest	O
adverse	O
event	O
rates	O
.	O

Flushing	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
event	O
,	O
reported	O
by	O
18	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
and	O
leading	O
to	O
discontinuation	O
by	O
6	O
%	O
.	O

Incidence	O
of	O
increased	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
alanine	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
>	O
3	O
times	O
the	O
upper	O
limit	O
of	O
normal	O
was	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
.	O

An	O
increase	O
of	O
creatine	B-Chemical
phosphokinase	O
to	O
>	O
5	O
times	O
the	O
upper	O
limit	O
of	O
normal	O
occurred	O
in	O
0	O
.	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
cases	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
myopathy	B-Disease
were	O
observed	O
.	O

Niacin	B-Chemical
extended	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
release	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
lovastatin	I-Chemical
1	O
,	O
000	O
/	O
40	O
mg	O
,	O
dosed	O
as	O
initial	O
therapy	O
,	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
good	O
compliance	O
and	O
safety	O
and	O
had	O
very	O
low	O
incidences	O
of	O
increased	O
liver	O
and	O
muscle	O
enzymes	O
.	O

Protective	O
effect	O
of	O
Terminalia	B-Chemical
chebula	I-Chemical
against	O
experimental	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
.	O

Cardioprotective	O
effect	O
of	O
ethanolic	B-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
of	I-Chemical
Terminalia	I-Chemical
chebula	I-Chemical
fruits	I-Chemical
(	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
wt	O
)	O
was	O
examined	O
in	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
wt	O
)	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
administered	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxides	B-Chemical
increased	O
significantly	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
and	O
heart	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
decrease	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
myocardial	O
marker	O
enzymes	O
with	O
a	O
concomitant	O
increase	O
in	O
their	O
activity	O
in	O
serum	O
.	O

Histopathological	O
examination	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
to	O
confirm	O
the	O
myocardial	O
necrosis	B-Disease
.	O

T	B-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
chebula	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
pretreatment	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
ameliorate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
on	O
lipid	O
peroxide	B-Chemical
formation	O
and	O
retained	O
the	O
activities	O
of	O
the	O
diagnostic	O
marker	O
enzymes	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
postoperative	O
anxiety	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
low	O
dose	O
droperidol	B-Chemical
used	O
with	O
patient	O
-	O
controlled	O
analgesia	O
.	O

A	O
multiparous	O
woman	O
in	O
good	O
psychological	O
health	O
underwent	O
urgent	O
caesarean	O
section	O
in	O
labour	O
.	O

Postoperatively	O
,	O
she	O
was	O
given	O
a	O
patient	O
-	O
controlled	O
analgesia	O
device	O
delivering	O
boluses	O
of	O
diamorphine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
and	O
droperidol	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
025	O
mg	O
.	O

Whilst	O
using	O
the	O
device	O
she	O
gradually	O
became	O
anxious	O
,	O
the	O
feeling	O
worsening	O
after	O
each	O
bolus	O
.	O

The	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
droperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychological	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
was	O
not	O
made	O
straight	O
away	O
although	O
on	O
subsequent	O
close	O
questioning	O
the	O
patient	O
gave	O
a	O
very	O
clear	O
history	O
.	O

After	O
she	O
had	O
received	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
only	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
droperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
syringe	O
containing	O
diamorphine	B-Chemical
only	O
was	O
substituted	O
and	O
her	O
unease	O
resolved	O
completely	O
.	O

We	O
feel	O
that	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
dramatic	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
dopaminergic	O
antiemetics	O
are	O
well	O
known	O
,	O
more	O
subtle	O
manifestations	O
may	O
easily	O
be	O
overlooked	O
.	O

Accurate	O
patient	O
history	O
contributes	O
to	O
differentiating	O
diabetes	B-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
study	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
study	O
highlights	O
the	O
important	O
contribution	O
of	O
nursing	O
in	O
obtaining	O
an	O
accurate	O
health	O
history	O
.	O

The	O
case	O
discussed	O
herein	O
initially	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
neurogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
(	O
DI	B-Disease
)	O
secondary	O
to	O
a	O
traumatic	B-Disease
brain	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
nursing	O
staff	O
,	O
by	O
reviewing	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
health	O
history	O
with	O
his	O
family	O
,	O
discovered	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
polydipsia	B-Disease
and	O
long	O
-	O
standing	O
lithium	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
DI	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
because	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
not	O
received	O
lithium	B-Chemical
since	O
being	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
,	O
his	O
treatment	O
changed	O
to	O
focus	O
on	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
DI	I-Disease
.	O

By	O
combining	O
information	O
from	O
the	O
patient	O
history	O
,	O
the	O
physical	O
examination	O
,	O
and	O
radiologic	O
and	O
laboratory	O
studies	O
,	O
the	O
critical	O
care	O
team	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
been	O
self	O
-	O
treating	O
his	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
DI	I-Disease
and	O
developed	O
neurogenic	B-Disease
DI	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
brain	B-Disease
trauma	I-Disease
.	O

Thus	O
successful	O
treatment	O
required	O
that	O
nephrogenic	O
and	O
neurogenic	B-Disease
DI	I-Disease
be	O
treated	O
concomitantly	O
.	O

Factors	O
contributing	O
to	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
AIM	O
:	O
Interferon	B-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
combination	O
therapy	O
for	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
produces	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
factors	O
contributing	O
to	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Eighty	O
-	O
eight	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
who	O
received	O
interferon	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2b	I-Chemical
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
6	O
MU	O
administered	O
intramuscularly	O
for	O
24	O
weeks	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
administered	O
orally	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
600	O
mg	O
or	O
800	O
mg	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
hemoglobin	O
concentration	O
of	O
<	O
10	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Ribavirin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
18	O
(	O
20	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
during	O
treatment	O
.	O

A	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
decrease	O
in	O
hemoglobin	O
concentrations	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
at	O
week	O
2	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
hemoglobin	O
concentration	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
decrease	O
at	O
week	O
2	O
was	O
observed	O
to	O
be	O
significantly	O
lower	O
even	O
after	O
week	O
2	O
than	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
<	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
decrease	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
relationship	O
was	O
observed	O
between	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
reduction	O
of	O
hemoglobin	O
concentrations	O
at	O
week	O
2	O
and	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
anemia	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Such	O
factors	O
as	O
sex	O
(	O
female	O
)	O
,	O
age	O
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
60	O
years	O
old	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
dose	O
by	O
body	O
weight	O
(	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
more	O
)	O
were	O
significant	O
by	O
univariate	O
analysis	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Careful	O
administration	O
is	O
necessary	O
in	O
patients	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
60	O
years	O
old	O
,	O
in	O
female	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
a	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
dose	O
of	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
more	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experience	O
a	O
fall	O
in	O
hemoglobin	O
concentrations	O
of	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
or	O
more	O
at	O
week	O
2	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
treatment	O
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
with	O
particular	O
care	O
.	O

Zidovudine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
38	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
with	O
AIDS	B-Disease
is	O
presented	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
whereby	O
the	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
is	O
not	O
known	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
tolerated	O
well	O
an	O
alternative	O
reverse	O
transcriptase	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
2	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
dideoxyinosine	I-Chemical
.	O

Physicians	O
caring	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
AIDS	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
hitherto	O
rarely	O
reported	O
complication	O
.	O

Oxidative	O
damage	O
precedes	O
nitrative	O
damage	O
in	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
elevated	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
(	O
ROS	O
)	O
/	O
nitrogen	B-Chemical
species	O
(	O
RNS	O
)	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
present	O
in	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
ADR	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
actually	O
resulted	O
in	O
cardiomyocyte	O
oxidative	O
/	O
nitrative	O
damage	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
quantitatively	O
determine	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
and	O
subcellular	O
localization	O
of	O
these	O
postulated	O
damage	O
products	O
using	O
an	O
in	O
vivo	O
approach	O
.	O

B6C3	O
mice	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ADR	B-Chemical
.	O

Ultrastructural	O
damage	O
and	O
levels	O
of	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nonenal	I-Chemical
(	O
4HNE	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
protein	O
adducts	O
and	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitrotyrosine	I-Chemical
(	O
3NT	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
analyzed	O
.	O

Quantitative	O
ultrastructural	O
damage	O
using	O
computerized	O
image	O
techniques	O
showed	O
cardiomyocyte	O
injury	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
3	O
hours	O
,	O
with	O
mitochondria	O
being	O
the	O
most	O
extensively	O
and	O
progressively	O
injured	O
subcellular	O
organelle	O
.	O

Analysis	O
of	O
4HNE	B-Chemical
protein	O
adducts	O
by	O
immunogold	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
showed	O
appearance	O
of	O
4HNE	B-Chemical
protein	O
adducts	O
in	O
mitochondria	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
3	O
hours	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
peak	O
at	O
6	O
hours	O
and	O
subsequent	O
decline	O
at	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

3NT	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
all	O
subcellular	O
compartments	O
at	O
6	O
hours	O
and	O
subsequently	O
declined	O
at	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

Our	O
data	O
showed	O
ADR	B-Chemical
induced	O
4HNE	B-Chemical
-	O
protein	O
adducts	O
in	O
mitochondria	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
point	O
as	O
when	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
initially	O
appeared	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
document	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
vivo	O
that	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
oxidative	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
precedes	O
nitrative	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
progressive	O
nature	O
of	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
suggests	O
that	O
mitochondria	O
,	O
not	O
other	O
subcellular	O
organelles	O
,	O
are	O
the	O
major	O
site	O
of	O
intracellular	O
injury	O
.	O

Sotalol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
coronary	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
54	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
severe	O
left	O
ventricular	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
was	O
referred	O
to	O
our	O
hospital	O
for	O
symptomatic	O
incessant	O
sustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
(	O
VT	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
nifekalant	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
sustained	O
VT	B-Disease
was	O
terminated	O
.	O

An	O
alternate	O
class	O
III	O
agent	O
,	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
also	O
effective	O
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
VT	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
one	O
month	O
after	O
switching	O
over	O
nifekalant	B-Chemical
to	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
short	O
duration	O
of	O
ST	O
elevation	O
was	O
documented	O
in	O
ECG	O
monitoring	O
at	O
almost	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
for	O
three	O
consecutive	O
days	O
.	O

ST	O
elevation	O
with	O
chest	O
discomfort	O
disappeared	O
since	O
he	O
began	O
taking	O
long	O
-	O
acting	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
.	O

Coronary	B-Disease
vasospasm	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
beta	O
-	O
blocking	O
properties	O
of	O
sotalol	B-Chemical
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
the	O
antidepressant	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
2A	O
/	O
2C	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
on	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
behaviors	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Hydroxytryptamine	I-Chemical
,	O
via	O
stimulation	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
2C	O
receptors	O
,	O
exerts	O
a	O
tonic	O
inhibitory	O
influence	O
on	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotransmission	O
,	O
whereas	O
activation	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
2A	O
receptors	O
enhances	O
stimulated	O
DAergic	O
neurotransmission	O
.	O

The	O
antidepressant	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
2A	O
/	O
2C	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
behaviors	O
dependent	O
on	O
the	O
functional	O
status	O
of	O
the	O
nigrostriatal	O
DAergic	O
system	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
effect	O
of	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
on	O
dexamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
oral	B-Disease
stereotypies	I-Disease
,	O
on	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
and	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
on	O
ergometrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
wet	O
dog	O
shake	O
(	O
WDS	O
)	O
behavior	O
and	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
penile	O
erections	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
investigated	O
whether	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
induces	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Trazodone	B-Chemical
at	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
did	O
not	O
induce	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
antagonize	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
stereotypy	O
and	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
5	O
,	O
10	O
and	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
enhanced	O
dexamphetamine	B-Chemical
stereotypy	O
,	O
and	O
antagonized	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
ergometrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
WDS	O
behavior	O
and	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
penile	O
erections	O
.	O

Trazodone	B-Chemical
at	O
30	O
,	O
40	O
and	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
antagonized	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
and	O
dexamphetamine	B-Chemical
stereotypies	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Our	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
at	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
does	O
not	O
block	O
pre	O
-	O
and	O
postsynaptic	O
striatal	O
D2	O
DA	O
receptors	O
,	O
while	O
at	O
30	O
,	O
40	O
and	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
it	O
blocks	O
postsynaptic	O
striatal	O
D2	O
DA	O
receptors	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
at	O
5	O
,	O
10	O
and	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
blocks	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
2A	O
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
2C	O
receptors	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
trazodone	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
,	O
10	O
and	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
by	O
blocking	O
the	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
2C	O
receptors	O
,	O
releases	O
the	O
nigrostriatal	O
DAergic	O
neurons	O
from	O
tonic	O
inhibition	O
caused	O
by	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
thereby	O
potentiates	O
dexamphetamine	B-Chemical
stereotypy	O
and	O
antagonizes	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

Swallowing	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
and	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Gastrointestinal	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
have	O
been	O
known	O
for	O
almost	O
two	O
centuries	O
,	O
but	O
many	O
aspects	O
concerning	O
their	O
pathophysiology	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
completely	O
clarified	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
characterize	O
the	O
oropharyngeal	O
dynamics	O
in	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
.	O

Fifteen	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
,	O
12	O
nondyskinetic	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
were	O
included	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
asked	O
about	O
dysphagia	B-Disease
and	O
evaluated	O
with	O
the	O
Unified	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Rating	O
Scale	O
Parts	O
II	O
and	O
III	O
and	O
the	O
Hoehn	O
and	O
Yahr	O
scale	O
.	O

Deglutition	O
was	O
assessed	O
using	O
modified	O
barium	B-Chemical
swallow	O
with	O
videofluoroscopy	O
.	O

Nondyskinetic	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
ones	O
,	O
showed	O
less	O
oropharyngeal	O
swallowing	O
efficiency	O
(	O
OPSE	O
)	O
for	O
liquid	O
food	O
than	O
controls	O
(	O
Dunnett	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

Dyskinetic	B-Disease
patients	O
tended	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
greater	O
OPSE	O
than	O
nondyskinetic	O
(	O
Dunnett	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
06	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
were	O
using	O
a	O
higher	O
dose	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
had	O
a	O
greater	O
OPSE	O
and	O
a	O
trend	O
toward	O
a	O
smaller	O
oral	O
transit	O
time	O
(	O
Pearson	O
'	O
s	O
correlation	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
08	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Neither	O
the	O
report	O
of	O
dysphagia	B-Disease
nor	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
PD	B-Disease
severity	O
parameters	O
correlated	O
to	O
the	O
videofluoroscopic	O
variables	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
,	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
patients	O
performed	O
better	O
in	O
swallowing	O
function	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
be	O
explained	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
a	O
greater	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
dose	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
a	O
role	O
for	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
oral	O
phase	O
of	O
deglutition	O
and	O
confirm	O
that	O
dysphagia	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
a	O
good	O
predictor	O
of	O
deglutition	O
alterations	O
in	O
PD	B-Disease
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
nuclear	O
factor	O
-	O
kappaB	O
activation	O
attenuates	O
tubulointerstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Animals	O
treated	O
with	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
can	O
show	O
residual	O
areas	O
of	O
interstitial	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
renal	O
cortex	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
investigated	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
nuclear	O
factor	O
-	O
kappaB	O
(	O
NF	O
-	O
kappaB	O
)	O
,	O
mitogen	O
-	O
activated	O
protein	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
kinases	O
and	O
macrophages	O
in	O
the	O
renal	O
cortex	O
and	O
structural	O
and	O
functional	O
renal	O
changes	O
of	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
or	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
+	O
pyrrolidine	B-Chemical
dithiocarbamate	I-Chemical
(	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
NF	O
-	O
kappaB	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
38	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
injected	O
with	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
,	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
twice	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
9	O
days	O
,	O
38	O
with	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
+	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
28	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
M	O
NaCl	B-Chemical
solution	O
.	O

The	O
animals	O
were	O
killed	O
5	O
and	O
30	O
days	O
after	O
these	O
injections	O
and	O
the	O
kidneys	O
were	O
removed	O
for	O
histological	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
studies	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
the	O
immunohistochemical	O
studies	O
were	O
scored	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
staining	O
.	O

The	O
fractional	O
interstitial	O
area	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
morphometry	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
presented	O
a	O
transitory	O
increase	O
in	O
plasma	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

Increased	O
ED	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
MAP	O
kinases	O
and	O
NF	O
-	O
kappaB	O
staining	O
were	O
also	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
renal	O
cortex	O
from	O
all	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
compared	O
to	O
control	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
animals	O
killed	O
on	O
day	O
30	O
also	O
presented	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
renal	O
cortex	O
despite	O
the	O
recovery	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
functional	O
and	O
structural	O
changes	O
induced	O
by	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
data	O
show	O
that	O
inhibition	O
of	O
NF	O
-	O
kappaB	O
activation	O
attenuates	O
tubulointerstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Glucose	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
atypical	O
antipsychotic	O
agents	O
:	O
a	O
frequently	O
sampled	O
intravenous	O
glucose	B-Chemical
tolerance	O
test	O
and	O
minimal	O
model	O
analysis	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
While	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
new	O
-	O
onset	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
increasing	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
certain	O
atypical	O
antipsychotic	O
agents	O
,	O
it	O
remains	O
unclear	O
whether	O
atypical	O
agents	O
are	O
directly	O
affecting	O
glucose	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
or	O
simply	O
increasing	O
known	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
diabetes	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
study	O
the	O
2	O
drugs	O
most	O
clearly	O
implicated	O
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
and	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
using	O
a	O
frequently	O
sampled	O
intravenous	O
glucose	B-Chemical
tolerance	O
test	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
A	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
design	O
in	O
stable	O
,	O
treated	O
patients	O
with	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
evaluated	O
using	O
a	O
frequently	O
sampled	O
intravenous	O
glucose	B-Chemical
tolerance	O
test	O
and	O
the	O
Bergman	O
minimal	O
model	O
analysis	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Subjects	O
were	O
recruited	O
from	O
an	O
urban	O
community	O
mental	O
health	O
clinic	O
and	O
were	O
studied	O
at	O
a	O
general	O
clinical	O
research	O
center	O
.	O

Patients	O
Fifty	O
subjects	O
signed	O
informed	O
consent	O
and	O
41	O
underwent	O
the	O
frequently	O
sampled	O
intravenous	O
glucose	B-Chemical
tolerance	O
test	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
six	O
nonobese	O
subjects	O
with	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
or	O
schizoaffective	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
,	O
matched	O
by	O
body	O
mass	O
index	O
and	O
treated	O
with	O
either	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
,	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
analysis	O
.	O

MAIN	O
OUTCOME	O
MEASURES	O
:	O
Fasting	O
plasma	O
glucose	B-Chemical
and	O
fasting	O
serum	O
insulin	O
levels	O
,	O
insulin	B-Disease
sensitivity	I-Disease
index	O
,	O
homeostasis	O
model	O
assessment	O
of	O
insulin	B-Disease
resistance	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
glucose	B-Chemical
effectiveness	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
duration	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
the	O
identified	O
atypical	O
antipsychotic	O
agent	O
was	O
68	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
28	O
.	O
9	O
months	O
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
29	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
months	O
(	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
40	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
33	O
.	O
7	O
(	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Fasting	O
serum	O
insulin	O
concentrations	O
differed	O
among	O
groups	O
(	O
F	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
3	O
.	O
35	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
047	O
)	O
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
>	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
>	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
)	O
with	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
and	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
t	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
32	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
and	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
and	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
t	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
15	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
04	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
insulin	B-Disease
sensitivity	I-Disease
index	O
among	O
groups	O
(	O
F	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
10	O
.	O
66	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
<	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
<	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
with	O
subjects	O
who	O
received	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
and	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
exhibiting	O
significant	O
insulin	B-Disease
resistance	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
subjects	O
who	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
vs	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
t	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
29	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
001	O
;	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
vs	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
t	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
62	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
001	O
[	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
001	O
]	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
homeostasis	O
model	O
assessment	O
of	O
insulin	B-Disease
resistance	I-Disease
also	O
differed	O
significantly	O
among	O
groups	O
(	O
F	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
4	O
.	O
92	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
>	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
>	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
vs	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
t	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
94	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
006	O
;	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
vs	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
t	O
(	O
33	O
)	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
42	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
difference	O
among	O
groups	O
in	O
glucose	B-Chemical
effectiveness	O
(	O
F	O
(	O
30	O
)	O
=	O
4	O
.	O
18	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
<	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
<	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
)	O
with	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
and	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
t	O
(	O
30	O
)	O
=	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
59	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
and	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
and	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
t	O
(	O
30	O
)	O
=	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
34	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Both	O
nonobese	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
groups	O
displayed	O
significant	O
insulin	B-Disease
resistance	I-Disease
and	O
impairment	O
of	O
glucose	B-Chemical
effectiveness	O
compared	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
subjects	O
.	O

Patients	O
taking	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
and	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
must	O
be	O
examined	O
for	O
insulin	B-Disease
resistance	I-Disease
and	O
its	O
consequences	O
.	O

Thoracic	B-Disease
hematomyelia	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
coumadin	B-Chemical
anticoagulant	O
therapy	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
thoracic	B-Disease
hematomyelia	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
anticoagulant	O
therapy	O
is	O
presented	O
.	O

Clinical	O
features	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
2	O
other	O
previously	O
reported	O
cases	O
,	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

A	O
high	O
index	O
of	O
suspicion	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
quick	O
diagnostic	O
procedure	O
and	O
successful	O
decompressive	O
surgery	O
.	O

Mania	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
adolescents	O
.	O

Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
is	O
gaining	O
increased	O
acceptance	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
adolescent	O
depression	B-Disease
.	O

Generally	O
safe	O
and	O
well	O
tolerated	O
by	O
adults	O
,	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
induce	O
mania	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
cases	O
of	O
five	O
depressed	B-Disease
adolescents	O
,	O
14	O
-	O
16	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
,	O
who	O
developed	O
mania	B-Disease
during	O
pharmacotherapy	O
with	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
,	O
are	O
reported	O
here	O
.	O

Apparent	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
mania	B-Disease
or	O
hypomania	B-Disease
during	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
pharmacotherapy	O
in	O
this	O
population	O
were	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
attention	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
and	O
affective	O
instability	O
;	O
major	O
depression	B-Disease
with	O
psychotic	B-Disease
features	O
;	O
a	O
family	O
history	O
of	O
affective	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
,	O
especially	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
;	O
and	O
a	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Further	O
study	O
is	O
needed	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
optimal	O
dosage	O
and	O
to	O
identify	O
risk	O
factors	O
that	O
increase	O
individual	O
vulnerability	O
to	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
in	O
adolescents	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
primary	B-Disease
systemic	I-Disease
amyloidosis	I-Disease
during	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplantation	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
primary	B-Disease
systemic	I-Disease
amyloidosis	I-Disease
(	O
AL	B-Disease
)	O
have	O
a	O
poor	O
prognosis	O
.	O

Median	O
survival	O
time	O
from	O
standard	O
treatments	O
is	O
only	O
17	O
months	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
followed	O
by	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplant	O
(	O
PBSCT	O
)	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
most	O
promising	O
therapy	O
,	O
but	O
treatment	O
mortality	O
can	O
be	O
high	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
have	O
noted	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
immediately	O
after	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
conditioning	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
further	O
examine	O
its	O
risk	O
factors	O
and	O
impact	O
on	O
posttransplant	O
mortality	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Consecutive	O
AL	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
PBSCT	O
were	O
studied	O
retrospectively	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
(	O
ARI	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
was	O
defined	O
by	O
a	O
minimum	O
increase	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
44	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
level	O
that	O
is	O
greater	O
than	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
baseline	O
immediately	O
after	O
conditioning	O
.	O

Urine	O
sediment	O
score	O
was	O
the	O
sum	O
of	O
the	O
individual	O
types	O
of	O
sediment	O
identified	O
on	O
urine	O
microscopy	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Of	O
the	O
80	O
patients	O
studied	O
,	O
ARI	B-Disease
developed	O
in	O
18	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
.	O

Univariate	O
analysis	O
identified	O
age	O
,	O
hypoalbuminemia	B-Disease
,	O
heavy	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
diuretic	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
urine	O
sediment	O
score	O
(	O
>	O
3	O
)	O
as	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Age	O
and	O
urine	O
sediment	O
score	O
remained	O
independently	O
significant	O
risk	O
factors	O
in	O
the	O
multivariate	O
analysis	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
had	O
ARI	B-Disease
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
underwent	O
dialysis	O
more	O
often	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
a	O
worse	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
survival	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
timing	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
strongly	O
suggests	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
causative	O
agent	O
.	O

Ongoing	O
tubular	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
a	O
prerequisite	O
for	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
by	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
the	O
active	O
urinary	O
sediment	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
ARI	B-Disease
adversely	O
affected	O
the	O
outcome	O
after	O
PBSCT	O
.	O

Effective	O
preventive	O
measures	O
may	O
help	O
decrease	O
the	O
treatment	O
mortality	O
of	O
PBSCT	O
in	O
AL	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Focal	O
cerebral	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
:	O
effect	O
of	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
during	O
reperfusion	O
.	O

After	O
180	O
min	O
of	O
temporary	O
middle	B-Disease
cerebral	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
in	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
on	O
ischemic	B-Disease
brain	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
and	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
permeability	O
was	O
determined	O
.	O

Blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
manipulated	O
by	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
following	O
schedules	O
during	O
120	O
min	O
of	O
reperfusion	O
:	O
Control	O
,	O
normotensive	O
reperfusion	O
;	O
90	O
/	O
hypertension	B-Disease
(	O
90	O
/	O
HTN	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
increased	O
by	O
35	O
mm	O
Hg	O
during	O
the	O
initial	O
90	O
min	O
of	O
reperfusion	O
only	O
;	O
15	O
/	O
hypertension	B-Disease
(	O
15	O
/	O
HTN	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
normotensive	O
reperfusion	O
for	O
30	O
min	O
followed	O
by	O
15	O
min	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
75	O
min	O
of	O
normotension	O
.	O

Part	O
A	O
,	O
for	O
eight	O
rats	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
brain	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
by	O
staining	O
tissue	O
using	O
2	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
triphenyltetrazolium	I-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
and	O
edema	B-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
by	O
microgravimetry	O
.	O

Part	O
B	O
,	O
for	O
eight	O
different	O
rats	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
permeability	O
was	O
evaluated	O
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
amount	O
and	O
extent	O
of	O
extravasation	O
of	O
Evans	O
Blue	O
dye	O
.	O

Brain	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
(	O
percentage	O
of	O
the	O
ischemic	B-Disease
hemisphere	I-Disease
)	O
was	O
less	O
in	O
the	O
15	O
/	O
HTN	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
16	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
,	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
versus	O
the	O
90	O
/	O
HTN	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
30	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
in	O
turn	O
less	O
than	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
42	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
.	O

Specific	O
gravity	O
was	O
greater	O
in	O
the	O
15	O
/	O
HTN	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
043	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
versus	O
the	O
90	O
/	O
HTN	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
.	O
036	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
003	O
)	O
and	O
control	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
037	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
003	O
)	O
groups	O
.	O

Evans	B-Chemical
Blue	I-Chemical
(	O
mug	O
g	O
-	O
1	O
of	O
brain	O
tissue	O
)	O
was	O
greater	O
in	O
the	O
90	O
/	O
HTN	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
24	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
versus	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
12	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
in	O
turn	O
greater	O
than	O
the	O
15	O
/	O
HTN	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
supports	O
a	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
during	O
reperfusion	O
,	O
a	O
short	O
interval	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
decreases	O
brain	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
and	O
edema	B-Disease
;	O
and	O
that	O
sustained	O
hypertension	B-Disease
increases	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
vasogenic	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
.	O

People	O
aged	O
over	O
75	O
in	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
on	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
:	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
major	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
and	O
stroke	B-Disease
in	O
more	O
than	O
500	O
patient	O
-	O
years	O
of	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
major	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
and	O
stroke	B-Disease
in	O
people	O
aged	O
76	O
and	O
older	O
with	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
on	O
adjusted	O
-	O
dose	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
who	O
had	O
been	O
recently	O
been	O
admitted	O
to	O
hospital	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
A	O
retrospective	O
observational	O
cohort	O
study	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
A	O
major	O
healthcare	O
network	O
involving	O
four	O
tertiary	O
hospitals	O
.	O

PARTICIPANTS	O
:	O
Two	O
hundred	O
thirty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
aged	O
76	O
and	O
older	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
major	O
healthcare	O
network	O
between	O
July	O
1	O
,	O
2001	O
,	O
and	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
2002	O
,	O
with	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
on	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
were	O
enrolled	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
:	O
Information	O
regarding	O
major	O
bleeding	B-Disease
episodes	O
,	O
strokes	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
use	O
was	O
obtained	O
from	O
patients	O
,	O
relatives	O
,	O
primary	O
physicians	O
,	O
and	O
medical	O
records	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Two	O
hundred	O
twenty	O
-	O
eight	O
patients	O
(	O
42	O
%	O
men	O
)	O
with	O
a	O
mean	O
age	O
of	O
81	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
range	O
76	O
-	O
94	O
)	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
analysis	O
.	O

Total	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
on	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
was	O
530	O
years	O
(	O
mean	O
28	O
months	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
53	O
major	O
hemorrhages	B-Disease
,	O
for	O
an	O
annual	O
rate	O
of	O
10	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
,	O
including	O
24	O
(	O
45	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
and	O
five	O
(	O
9	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
fatal	O
bleeds	O
.	O

The	O
annual	O
stroke	B-Disease
rate	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
was	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
rate	O
of	O
major	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
was	O
high	O
in	O
this	O
old	O
,	O
frail	O
group	O
,	O
but	O
excluding	O
fatalities	O
,	O
resulted	O
in	O
no	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
sequelae	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
stroke	B-Disease
rate	O
on	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
was	O
low	O
,	O
demonstrating	O
how	O
effective	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
is	O
.	O

Safety	O
of	O
celecoxib	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
adverse	O
skin	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
to	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
nimesulide	B-Chemical
associated	O
or	O
not	O
with	O
common	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
-	O
P	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
Nimesulide	B-Chemical
(	O
N	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
widely	O
used	O
analgesic	O
-	O
antipyretic	O
/	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
rate	O
of	O
adverse	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
reactions	O
to	O
these	O
agents	O
is	O
generally	O
low	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
contrary	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
(	O
NSAIDs	O
)	O
are	O
commonly	O
involved	O
in	O
such	O
reactions	O
.	O

Celecoxib	B-Chemical
(	O
CE	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
novel	O
drug	O
,	O
with	O
high	O
selectivity	O
and	O
affinity	O
for	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
enzyme	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
evaluated	O
the	O
tolerability	O
of	O
CE	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
documented	O
history	O
of	O
adverse	O
cutaneous	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
to	O
P	B-Chemical
and	O
N	B-Chemical
associated	O
or	O
not	O
to	O
classic	O
NSAIDs	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
studied	O
9	O
patients	O
with	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
to	O
P	B-Chemical
and	O
N	B-Chemical
with	O
or	O
without	O
associated	O
reactions	O
to	O
classic	O
NSAIDs	O
.	O

The	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
P	B-Chemical
and	O
N	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
skin	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
was	O
based	O
in	O
vivo	O
challenge	O
.	O

The	O
placebo	O
was	O
blindly	O
administered	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
each	O
challenge	O
.	O

After	O
three	O
days	O
,	O
a	O
cumulative	O
dosage	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
of	O
CE	B-Chemical
in	O
refracted	O
doses	O
were	O
given	O
.	O

After	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
was	O
administered	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
observed	O
for	O
6	O
hours	O
after	O
each	O
challenge	O
,	O
and	O
controlled	O
again	O
after	O
24	O
hours	O
to	O
exclude	O
delayed	O
reactions	O
.	O

The	O
challenge	O
was	O
considered	O
positive	O
if	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
of	O
the	O
following	O
appeared	O
:	O
erythema	B-Disease
,	O
rush	O
or	O
urticaria	B-Disease
-	O
angioedema	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
No	O
reaction	O
was	O
observed	O
with	O
placebo	O
and	O
eight	O
patients	O
(	O
88	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
tolerated	O
CE	B-Chemical
.	O

Only	O
one	O
patient	O
developed	O
a	O
moderate	O
angioedema	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
lips	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Only	O
one	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
reaction	O
to	O
CE	B-Chemical
was	O
documented	O
among	O
9	O
P	B-Chemical
and	O
N	B-Chemical
-	O
highly	O
NSAIDs	O
intolerant	O
patients	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
we	O
conclude	O
that	O
CE	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
reasonably	O
safe	O
alternative	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
subjects	O
who	O
do	O
not	O
tolerate	O
P	B-Chemical
and	O
N	B-Chemical
.	O

Case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
of	O
regular	O
analgesic	O
and	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
use	O
and	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Studies	O
on	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
analgesic	O
and	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
(	O
NSAIDs	O
)	O
and	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
have	O
given	O
conflicting	O
results	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
examine	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
a	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
with	O
incident	O
cases	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
was	O
carried	O
out	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
cases	O
were	O
all	O
patients	O
entering	O
the	O
local	O
dialysis	O
program	O
because	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
study	O
area	O
between	O
June	O
1	O
,	O
1995	O
and	O
November	O
30	O
,	O
1997	O
.	O

They	O
were	O
classified	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
underlying	O
disease	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
presumably	O
led	O
them	O
to	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

Controls	O
were	O
patients	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
hospitals	O
from	O
where	O
the	O
cases	O
arose	O
,	O
also	O
matched	O
by	O
age	O
and	O
sex	O
.	O

Odds	O
ratios	O
were	O
calculated	O
using	O
a	O
conditional	O
logistic	O
model	O
,	O
including	O
potential	O
confounding	O
factors	O
,	O
both	O
for	O
the	O
whole	O
study	O
population	O
and	O
for	O
the	O
various	O
underlying	O
diseases	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Five	O
hundred	O
and	O
eighty	O
-	O
three	O
cases	O
and	O
1190	O
controls	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
analysis	O
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
any	O
analgesic	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
overall	O
odds	O
ratio	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
22	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
89	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
66	O
)	O
.	O

For	O
specific	O
groups	O
of	O
drugs	O
,	O
the	O
risks	O
were	O
1	O
.	O
56	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
05	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
30	O
)	O
for	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
1	O
.	O
03	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
60	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
76	O
)	O
for	O
pyrazolones	B-Chemical
,	O
0	O
.	O
80	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
39	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
63	O
)	O
for	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
94	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
57	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
56	O
)	O
for	O
nonaspirin	O
NSAIDs	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
was	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
cumulated	O
dose	O
and	O
duration	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
particularly	O
high	O
among	O
the	O
subset	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
vascular	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
as	O
underlying	O
disease	O
[	O
2	O
.	O
35	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
17	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
72	O
)	O
]	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
nonaspirin	O
analgesic	O
drugs	O
and	O
NSAIDs	O
is	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
chronic	O
use	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
may	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
cause	O
for	O
prolonged	B-Disease
QT	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
deliberate	O
self	O
-	O
poisoning	B-Disease
with	O
5	O
g	O
and	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
g	O
of	O
amisulpride	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
are	O
reported	O
.	O

In	O
both	O
cases	O
,	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
and	O
hypocalcaemia	B-Disease
were	O
noted	O
.	O

The	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
appeared	O
to	O
respond	O
to	O
administration	O
of	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
calcium	B-Chemical
gluconate	I-Chemical
.	O

Growth	O
-	O
associated	O
protein	O
43	O
expression	O
in	O
hippocampal	O
molecular	O
layer	O
of	O
chronic	O
epileptic	B-Disease
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cycloheximide	B-Chemical
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
GAP43	O
has	O
been	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
linked	O
with	O
mossy	O
fiber	O
sprouting	O
(	O
MFS	O
)	O
in	O
various	O
experimental	O
models	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
investigate	O
how	O
GAP43	O
expression	O
(	O
GAP43	O
-	O
ir	O
)	O
correlates	O
with	O
MFS	O
,	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
intensity	O
(	O
densitometry	O
)	O
and	O
extension	O
(	O
width	O
)	O
of	O
GAP43	O
-	O
ir	O
in	O
the	O
inner	O
molecular	O
layer	O
of	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
(	O
IML	O
)	O
of	O
rats	O
subject	O
to	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
(	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
previously	O
injected	O
or	O
not	O
with	O
cycloheximide	B-Chemical
(	O
CHX	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
inhibit	O
MFS	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
CHX	B-Chemical
was	O
injected	O
before	O
the	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
injection	O
in	O
adult	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
group	O
was	O
injected	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
drugs	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
CHX	B-Chemical
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
killed	O
between	O
30	O
and	O
60	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
and	O
brain	O
sections	O
were	O
processed	O
for	O
GAP43	O
immunohistochemistry	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Densitometry	O
showed	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
regarding	O
GAP43	O
-	O
ir	O
in	O
the	O
IML	O
between	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
,	O
CHX	B-Chemical
+	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
control	O
groups	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
the	O
width	O
of	O
the	O
GAP43	O
-	O
ir	O
band	O
in	O
the	O
IML	O
showed	O
that	O
CHX	B-Chemical
+	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
and	O
control	O
animals	O
had	O
a	O
significantly	O
larger	O
band	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Our	O
current	O
finding	O
that	O
animals	O
in	O
the	O
CHX	B-Chemical
+	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
group	O
have	O
a	O
GAP43	O
-	O
ir	O
band	O
in	O
the	O
IML	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
controls	O
,	O
reinforces	O
prior	O
data	O
on	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
MFS	O
in	O
these	O
animals	O
.	O

The	O
change	O
in	O
GAP43	O
-	O
ir	O
present	O
in	O
Pilo	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
was	O
a	O
thinning	O
of	O
the	O
band	O
to	O
a	O
very	O
narrow	O
layer	O
just	O
above	O
the	O
granule	O
cell	O
layer	O
that	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
hilar	O
cell	O
projections	O
that	O
express	O
GAP	O
-	O
43	O
.	O

Nicotine	B-Chemical
antagonizes	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
but	O
not	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiogenic	O
effect	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
Nicotine	B-Chemical
and	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
are	O
widely	O
consumed	O
licit	O
psychoactive	O
drugs	O
worldwide	O
.	O

Epidemiological	O
studies	O
showed	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
generally	O
used	O
concurrently	O
.	O

Although	O
some	O
studies	O
in	O
experimental	O
animals	O
indicate	O
clear	O
pharmacological	O
interactions	O
between	O
them	O
,	O
no	O
studies	O
have	O
shown	O
a	O
specific	O
interaction	O
on	O
anxiety	B-Disease
responses	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
present	O
study	O
investigates	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
on	O
anxiety	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
and	O
another	O
anxiogenic	O
drug	O
,	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
(	O
EPM	O
)	O
test	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
drugs	O
on	O
anxiety	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Adult	O
male	O
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
(	O
25	O
-	O
32	O
g	O
)	O
were	O
given	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
or	O
saline	O
10	O
min	O
before	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
70	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
or	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
and	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
injections	O
.	O

After	O
15	O
min	O
,	O
mice	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
their	O
open	O
-	O
and	O
closed	O
-	O
arm	O
time	O
and	O
entries	O
on	O
the	O
EPM	O
for	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
min	O
session	O
.	O

Locomotor	O
activity	O
was	O
recorded	O
for	O
individual	O
groups	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
same	O
treatment	O
protocol	O
with	O
the	O
EPM	O
test	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
itself	O
did	O
not	O
produce	O
any	O
significant	O
effect	O
in	O
the	O
EPM	O
test	O
,	O
whereas	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
70	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
produced	O
an	O
anxiogenic	O
effect	O
,	O
apparent	O
with	O
decreases	O
in	O
open	O
-	O
arm	O
time	O
and	O
entry	O
.	O

Nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
pretreatment	O
blocked	O
the	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
but	O
not	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
each	O
drug	O
and	O
their	O
combinations	O
did	O
not	O
produce	O
any	O
effect	O
on	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
antagonistic	O
effect	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
on	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
is	O
specific	O
to	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
,	O
instead	O
of	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
specific	O
anxiolytic	O
effect	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
extend	O
the	O
current	O
findings	O
on	O
the	O
interaction	O
between	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
and	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

Long	O
term	O
hormone	O
therapy	O
for	O
perimenopausal	O
and	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Hormone	O
therapy	O
(	O
HT	O
)	O
is	O
widely	O
used	O
for	O
controlling	O
menopausal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
management	O
and	O
prevention	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
and	O
dementia	B-Disease
in	O
older	O
women	O
but	O
the	O
evidence	O
supporting	O
its	O
use	O
for	O
these	O
indications	O
is	O
largely	O
observational	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
HT	O
on	O
mortality	O
,	O
heart	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
,	O
transient	B-Disease
ischaemic	I-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
,	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
colorectal	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
cognitive	O
function	O
,	O
dementia	B-Disease
,	O
fractures	B-Disease
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

SEARCH	O
STRATEGY	O
:	O
We	O
searched	O
the	O
following	O
databases	O
up	O
to	O
November	O
2004	O
:	O
the	O
Cochrane	O
Menstrual	O
Disorders	O
and	O
Subfertility	O
Group	O
Trials	O
Register	O
,	O
Cochrane	O
Central	O
Register	O
of	O
Controlled	O
Trials	O
(	O
CENTRAL	O
)	O
,	O
MEDLINE	O
,	O
EMBASE	O
,	O
Biological	O
Abstracts	O
.	O

Relevant	O
non	O
-	O
indexed	O
journals	O
and	O
conference	O
abstracts	O
were	O
also	O
searched	O
.	O

SELECTION	O
CRITERIA	O
:	O
Randomised	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trials	O
of	O
HT	O
(	O
oestrogens	B-Chemical
with	O
or	O
without	O
progestogens	B-Chemical
)	O
versus	O
placebo	O
,	O
taken	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
year	O
by	O
perimenopausal	O
or	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

DATA	O
COLLECTION	O
AND	O
ANALYSIS	O
:	O
Fifteen	O
RCTs	O
were	O
included	O
.	O

Trials	O
were	O
assessed	O
for	O
quality	O
and	O
two	O
review	O
authors	O
extracted	O
data	O
independently	O
.	O

They	O
calculated	O
risk	O
ratios	O
for	O
dichotomous	O
outcomes	O
and	O
weighted	O
mean	O
differences	O
for	O
continuous	O
outcomes	O
.	O

Clinical	O
heterogeneity	O
precluded	O
meta	O
-	O
analysis	O
for	O
most	O
outcomes	O
.	O

MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
the	O
statistically	O
significant	O
results	O
were	O
derived	O
from	O
the	O
two	O
biggest	O
trials	O
.	O

In	O
relatively	O
healthy	O
women	O
,	O
combined	O
continuous	O
HT	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
or	O
coronary	O
event	O
(	O
after	O
one	O
year	O
'	O
s	O
use	O
)	O
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
(	O
after	O
3	O
years	O
)	O
,	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
after	O
5	O
years	O
)	O
and	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
only	O
HT	O
also	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
stroke	B-Disease
and	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
statistically	O
significant	O
benefits	O
of	O
HT	O
were	O
a	O
decreased	O
incidence	O
of	O
fractures	B-Disease
and	O
colon	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
with	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
.	O

Among	O
relatively	O
healthy	O
women	O
over	O
65	O
years	O
taking	O
continuous	O
combined	O
HT	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
dementia	B-Disease
.	O

Among	O
women	O
with	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
combined	O
continuous	O
HT	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
.	O

No	O
trials	O
focussed	O
specifically	O
on	O
younger	O
women	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
one	O
trial	O
analysed	O
subgroups	O
of	O
2839	O
relatively	O
healthy	O
50	O
to	O
59	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
women	O
taking	O
combined	O
continuous	O
HT	O
and	O
1637	O
taking	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
only	O
HT	O
,	O
versus	O
similar	O
-	O
sized	O
placebo	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
significantly	O
increased	O
risk	O
reported	O
was	O
for	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
in	O
women	O
taking	O
combined	O
continuous	O
HT	O
;	O
their	O
absolute	O
risk	O
remained	O
very	O
low	O
.	O

AUTHORS	O
'	O
CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
HT	O
is	O
not	O
indicated	O
for	O
the	O
routine	O
management	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
need	O
more	O
evidence	O
on	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
HT	O
for	O
menopausal	O
symptom	O
control	O
,	O
though	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
relatively	O
safe	O
for	O
healthy	O
younger	O
women	O
.	O

Drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
:	O
an	O
analysis	O
of	O
461	O
incidences	O
submitted	O
to	O
the	O
Spanish	O
registry	O
over	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
&	O
AIMS	O
:	O
Progress	O
in	O
the	O
understanding	O
of	O
susceptibility	O
factors	O
to	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
(	O
DILI	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
outcome	O
predictability	O
are	O
hampered	O
by	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
systematic	O
programs	O
to	O
detect	O
bona	O
fide	O
cases	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
cooperative	O
network	O
was	O
created	O
in	O
1994	O
in	O
Spain	O
to	O
identify	O
all	O
suspicions	O
of	O
DILI	B-Disease
following	O
a	O
prospective	O
structured	O
report	O
form	O
.	O

The	O
liver	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
was	O
characterized	O
according	O
to	O
hepatocellular	O
,	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
mixed	O
laboratory	O
criteria	O
and	O
to	O
histologic	O
criteria	O
when	O
available	O
.	O

Further	O
evaluation	O
of	O
causality	O
assessment	O
was	O
centrally	O
performed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Since	O
April	O
1994	O
to	O
August	O
2004	O
,	O
461	O
out	O
of	O
570	O
submitted	O
cases	O
,	O
involving	O
505	O
drugs	O
,	O
were	O
deemed	O
to	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
DILI	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
antiinfective	O
group	O
of	O
drugs	O
was	O
the	O
more	O
frequently	O
incriminated	O
,	O
amoxicillin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
clavulanate	I-Chemical
accounting	O
for	O
the	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
whole	O
series	O
.	O

The	O
hepatocellular	O
pattern	O
of	O
damage	O
was	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
(	O
58	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
was	O
inversely	O
correlated	O
with	O
age	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
the	O
worst	O
outcome	O
(	O
Cox	O
regression	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
034	O
)	O
.	O

Indeed	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
and	O
death	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
was	O
11	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
if	O
patients	O
had	O
jaundice	B-Disease
at	O
presentation	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
corresponding	O
figure	O
was	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
in	O
nonjaundiced	O
patients	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
04	O
)	O
.	O

Factors	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
were	O
female	O
sex	O
(	O
OR	O
=	O
25	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
151	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
,	O
hepatocellular	O
damage	O
(	O
OR	O
=	O
7	O
.	O
9	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
37	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
009	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
higher	O
baseline	O
plasma	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
value	O
(	O
OR	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
15	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
09	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
22	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hepatocellular	O
jaundice	B-Disease
have	O
11	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
chance	O
of	O
progressing	O
to	O
death	O
or	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Amoxicillin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
clavulanate	I-Chemical
stands	O
out	O
as	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
drug	O
related	O
to	O
DILI	B-Disease
.	O

Morphological	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ribose	I-Chemical
on	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
evoked	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
influence	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ribose	I-Chemical
on	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardiopathy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

Adriamycin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
evoked	O
fully	O
developed	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ribose	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
multiple	O
doses	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
did	O
not	O
influence	O
ADR	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
evidences	O
suggesting	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
in	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
:	O
protection	O
by	O
erdosteine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
aims	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
were	O
to	O
examine	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
(	O
VCM	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
that	O
promotes	O
production	O
of	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
(	O
ROS	O
)	O
and	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
erdosteine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
expectorant	O
agent	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
also	O
antioxidant	O
properties	O
,	O
on	O
kidney	O
tissue	O
against	O
the	O
possible	O
VCM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
:	O
sham	O
,	O
VCM	B-Chemical
and	O
VCM	B-Chemical
plus	O
erdosteine	B-Chemical
.	O

VCM	B-Chemical
was	O
administrated	O
intraperitoneally	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
with	O
200mgkg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
twice	O
daily	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
.	O

Erdosteine	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
orally	O
.	O

VCM	B-Chemical
administration	O
to	O
control	O
rats	O
significantly	O
increased	O
renal	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
(	O
MDA	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
urinary	O
N	O
-	O
acetyl	O
-	O
beta	O
-	O
d	O
-	O
glucosaminidase	O
(	O
NAG	O
,	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
)	O
excretion	O
but	O
decreased	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
(	O
SOD	O
)	O
and	O
catalase	O
(	O
CAT	O
)	O
activities	O
.	O

Erdosteine	B-Chemical
administration	O
with	O
VCM	B-Chemical
injections	O
caused	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
renal	O
MDA	B-Chemical
and	O
urinary	O
NAG	O
excretion	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
SOD	O
activity	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
CAT	O
activity	O
in	O
renal	O
tissue	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
VCM	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

Erdosteine	B-Chemical
showed	O
histopathological	O
protection	O
against	O
VCM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
were	O
a	O
significant	O
dilatation	O
of	O
tubular	O
lumens	O
,	O
extensive	O
epithelial	O
cell	O
vacuolization	O
,	O
atrophy	B-Disease
,	O
desquamation	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
necrosis	B-Disease
in	O
VCM	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
more	O
than	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
and	O
the	O
erdosteine	B-Chemical
groups	O
.	O

Erdosteine	B-Chemical
caused	O
a	O
marked	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
tubular	O
damage	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
oxidative	O
tubular	O
damage	O
plays	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
VCM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
modulation	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
with	O
erdosteine	B-Chemical
reduces	O
the	O
VCM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
kidney	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
both	O
at	O
the	O
biochemical	O
and	O
histological	O
levels	O
.	O

Gemfibrozil	B-Chemical
-	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
primary	O
hyperlipoproteinemias	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
specific	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
retrospective	O
,	O
observational	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
(	O
21	O
months	O
/	O
patient	O
)	O
,	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
,	O
gemfibrozil	B-Chemical
-	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
80	O
patients	O
with	O
primary	O
mixed	O
hyperlipidemia	B-Disease
(	O
68	O
%	O
of	O
whom	O
had	O
atherosclerotic	B-Disease
vascular	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Because	O
ideal	O
lipid	O
targets	O
were	O
not	O
reached	O
(	O
low	O
-	O
density	O
lipoprotein	O
(	O
LDL	O
)	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
less	O
than	O
130	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
density	O
lipoprotein	O
(	O
HDL	O
)	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
greater	O
than	O
35	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
or	O
total	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
/	O
HDL	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
less	O
than	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
)	O
with	O
diet	O
plus	O
a	O
single	O
drug	O
,	O
gemfibrozil	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
-	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
(	O
primarily	O
20	O
or	O
40	O
mg	O
)	O
treatment	O
was	O
given	O
.	O

Follow	O
-	O
up	O
visits	O
were	O
scheduled	O
with	O
2	O
-	O
drug	O
therapy	O
every	O
6	O
to	O
8	O
weeks	O
,	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
10	O
.	O
3	O
visits	O
per	O
patient	O
,	O
with	O
741	O
batteries	O
of	O
6	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
and	O
714	O
creatine	B-Chemical
phosphokinase	O
levels	O
measured	O
.	O

Only	O
1	O
of	O
the	O
4	O
,	O
446	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
gamma	O
glutamyl	O
transferase	O
,	O
was	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
3	O
times	O
the	O
upper	O
normal	O
limit	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
714	O
creatine	B-Chemical
phosphokinase	O
levels	O
,	O
9	O
%	O
were	O
high	O
;	O
only	O
1	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
was	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
3	O
times	O
the	O
upper	O
normal	O
limit	O
.	O

With	O
2	O
-	O
drug	O
therapy	O
,	O
mean	O
total	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
decreased	O
22	O
%	O
from	O
255	O
to	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
levels	O
decreased	O
35	O
%	O
from	O
236	O
to	O
154	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
LDL	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
decreased	O
26	O
%	O
from	O
176	O
to	O
131	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
total	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
/	O
HDL	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
ratio	O
decreased	O
24	O
%	O
from	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
,	O
all	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
.	O

Myositis	B-Disease
,	O
attributable	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
combination	O
and	O
symptomatic	O
enough	O
to	O
discontinue	O
it	O
,	O
occurred	O
in	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
1	O
%	O
with	O
concurrent	O
high	O
creatine	B-Chemical
phosphokinase	O
(	O
769	O
U	O
/	O
liter	O
)	O
;	O
no	O
patients	O
had	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
or	O
myoglobinuria	B-Disease
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Does	O
domperidone	B-Chemical
potentiate	O
mirtazapine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
restless	B-Disease
legs	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
?	O

There	O
is	O
now	O
evidence	O
to	O
suggest	O
a	O
central	O
role	O
for	O
the	O
dopaminergic	O
system	O
in	O
restless	B-Disease
legs	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
RLS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

For	O
example	O
,	O
the	O
symptoms	O
of	O
RLS	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
dramatically	O
improved	O
by	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
and	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonists	O
,	O
whereas	O
central	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
can	O
induce	O
or	O
aggravate	O
RLS	B-Disease
symptoms	O
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
previous	O
report	O
regarding	O
whether	O
domperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
peripheral	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
can	O
also	O
induce	O
or	O
aggravate	O
symptoms	O
of	O
RLS	B-Disease
.	O

Mirtazapine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
first	O
noradrenergic	O
and	O
specific	O
serotonergic	O
antidepressant	O
(	O
NaSSA	O
)	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
RLS	B-Disease
in	O
several	O
recent	O
publications	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
report	O
here	O
a	O
depressed	O
patient	O
comorbid	O
with	O
postprandial	B-Disease
dyspepsia	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
RLS	B-Disease
after	O
mirtazapine	B-Chemical
had	O
been	O
added	O
to	O
his	O
domperidone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Our	O
patient	O
started	O
to	O
have	O
symptoms	O
of	O
RLS	B-Disease
only	O
after	O
he	O
had	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
mirtazapine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
his	O
RLS	B-Disease
symptoms	O
resolved	O
completely	O
upon	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
his	O
mirtazapine	B-Chemical
.	O

Such	O
a	O
temporal	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
mirtazapine	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
symptoms	O
of	O
RLS	B-Disease
in	O
our	O
patient	O
did	O
not	O
support	O
a	O
potentiating	O
effect	O
of	O
domperione	B-Chemical
on	O
mirtazapine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
RLS	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
physicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
mirtazapine	B-Chemical
can	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
RLS	B-Disease
in	O
some	O
individuals	O
,	O
especially	O
those	O
receiving	O
concomitant	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
.	O

Antiandrogenic	O
therapy	O
can	O
cause	O
coronary	B-Disease
arterial	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
To	O
study	O
the	O
change	O
of	O
lipid	O
metabolism	O
by	O
antiandrogen	O
therapy	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
studied	O
with	O
a	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
years	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
plasma	O
cholesterols	B-Chemical
(	O
C	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
triglycerides	B-Chemical
(	O
TG	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
lipoproteins	O
(	O
LP	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
apolipoproteins	O
(	O
Apo	O
)	O
B	O
-	O
100	O
,	O
A	O
-	O
I	O
,	O
and	O
A	O
-	O
II	O
pro	O
fi	O
les	O
in	O
24	O
patients	O
of	O
mean	O
age	O
60	O
years	O
with	O
low	O
risk	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
stage	O
:	O
T1cN0M0	O
,	O
Gleason	O
score	O
:	O
2	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
CPA	B-Chemical
)	O
without	O
surgical	O
management	O
or	O
radiation	O
therapy	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Significant	O
decreases	O
of	O
HDL	O
-	O
C	O
,	O
Apo	O
A	O
-	O
I	O
and	O
Apo	O
A	O
-	O
II	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
VLDL	O
were	O
induced	O
by	O
CPA	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
years	O
on	O
CPA	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
four	O
patients	O
out	O
of	O
twenty	O
-	O
four	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
coronary	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Ischaemic	O
coronary	B-Disease
arteriosclerosis	I-Disease
with	O
an	O
incidence	O
rate	O
of	O
16	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
as	O
caused	O
by	O
prolonged	O
CPA	B-Chemical
therapy	O
is	O
mediated	O
through	O
changes	O
in	O
HDL	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
,	O
Apo	O
A	O
-	O
I	O
and	O
Apo	O
A	O
-	O
II	O
pro	O
fi	O
les	O
,	O
other	O
than	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
hyperglyceridemic	B-Disease
effect	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
.	O

5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Fluorouracil	I-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluoro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alanine	I-Chemical
.	O

Cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
occurring	O
during	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
treatment	O
for	O
malignancies	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
herein	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
whom	O
a	O
high	O
serum	O
level	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluoro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alanine	I-Chemical
(	O
FBAL	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
unresectable	O
colon	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
metastases	O
to	O
the	O
liver	O
and	O
lung	O
,	O
was	O
referred	O
to	O
us	O
for	O
chemotherapy	O
from	O
an	O
affiliated	O
hospital	O
;	O
he	O
had	O
no	O
cardiac	O
history	O
.	O

After	O
admission	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
received	O
a	O
continuous	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
(	O
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
,	O
during	O
which	O
precordial	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
with	O
right	B-Disease
bundle	I-Disease
branch	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
occurred	O
concomitantly	O
with	O
a	O
high	O
serum	O
FBAL	B-Chemical
concentration	O
of	O
1955	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

Both	O
the	O
precordial	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
electrocardiographic	O
changes	O
disappeared	O
spontaneously	O
after	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
.	O

As	O
the	O
precordial	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
in	O
this	O
patient	O
was	O
considered	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
due	O
to	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
was	O
abandoned	O
.	O

Instead	O
,	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
S	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
a	O
derivative	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
at	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
twice	O
a	O
week	O
,	O
was	O
instituted	O
,	O
because	O
S	O
-	O
1	O
has	O
a	O
strong	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
on	O
dihydropyrimidine	B-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
,	O
which	O
catalyzes	O
the	O
degradative	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
into	O
FBAL	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
serum	O
FBAL	B-Chemical
concentration	O
subsequently	O
decreased	O
to	O
352	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
,	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
the	O
value	O
measured	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
S	O
-	O
1	O
administration	O
.	O

Thereafter	O
,	O
no	O
cardiac	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
were	O
observed	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
achieved	O
a	O
partial	O
response	O
6	O
months	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
the	O
S	O
-	O
1	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
experience	O
of	O
this	O
case	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
suggests	O
that	O
FBAL	B-Chemical
is	O
related	O
to	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

S	O
-	O
1	O
may	O
be	O
administered	O
safely	O
to	O
patients	O
with	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
in	O
Fanconi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
androgen	B-Chemical
and	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
case	O
of	O
an	O
11	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
is	O
reported	O
who	O
was	O
known	O
to	O
have	O
Fanconi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
for	O
3	O
years	O
and	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
androgens	B-Chemical
,	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
and	O
transfusions	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
before	O
his	O
death	O
he	O
was	O
readmitted	O
because	O
of	O
aplastic	O
crisis	O
with	O
septicemia	B-Disease
and	O
marked	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
liver	O
function	O
and	O
died	O
of	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
bronchopneumonia	I-Disease
.	O

At	O
autopsy	O
peliosis	B-Disease
and	O
multiple	O
hepatic	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
were	O
found	O
which	O
histologically	O
proved	O
to	O
be	O
well	O
-	O
differentiated	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
case	O
contributes	O
to	O
the	O
previous	O
observations	O
that	O
non	O
-	O
metastasizing	O
hepatic	B-Disease
neoplasms	I-Disease
and	O
peliosis	B-Disease
can	O
develop	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
androgen	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
Fanconi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
interval	O
between	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
administration	O
on	O
the	O
protection	O
against	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
Despite	O
its	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
anthracyclin	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
continues	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
and	O
widely	O
used	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agent	O
.	O

DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
presumably	O
results	O
from	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
free	O
radicals	O
by	O
DOX	B-Chemical
.	O

Reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
particularly	O
affect	O
the	O
cardiac	O
myocytes	O
because	O
these	O
cells	O
seem	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
relatively	O
poor	O
antioxidant	O
defense	O
system	O
.	O

The	O
semisynthetic	O
flavonoid	B-Chemical
monohydroxyethylrutoside	B-Chemical
(	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
)	O
showed	O
cardioprotection	O
against	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
through	O
its	O
radical	O
scavenging	O
and	O
iron	B-Chemical
chelating	O
properties	O
.	O

Because	O
of	O
the	O
relatively	O
short	O
final	O
half	O
-	O
life	O
of	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
(	O
about	O
30	O
min	O
)	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
expected	O
that	O
the	O
time	O
interval	O
between	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
might	O
be	O
of	O
influence	O
on	O
the	O
cardioprotective	O
effect	O
of	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
the	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
this	O
possible	O
effect	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Six	O
groups	O
of	O
6	O
BALB	O
/	O
c	O
mice	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
saline	O
,	O
DOX	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
DOX	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
preceded	O
by	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
(	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
with	O
an	O
interval	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
30	O
,	O
60	O
or	O
120	O
min	O
.	O

After	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
week	O
treatment	O
period	O
and	O
additional	O
observation	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
,	O
the	O
mice	O
were	O
sacrificed	O
.	O

Their	O
cardiac	O
tissues	O
were	O
processed	O
for	O
light	O
microscopy	O
,	O
after	O
which	O
cardiomyocyte	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
according	O
to	O
Billingham	O
(	O
in	O
Cancer	B-Disease
Treat	O
Rep	O
62	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
:	O
865	O
-	O
872	O
,	O
1978	O
)	O
.	O

Microscopic	O
evaluation	O
revealed	O
that	O
treatment	O
with	O
DOX	B-Chemical
alone	O
induced	O
significant	O
cardiac	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
the	O
saline	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
number	O
of	O
damaged	O
cardiomyocytes	O
was	O
9	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
4	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
21	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
higher	O
in	O
mice	O
treated	O
with	O
DOX	B-Chemical
alone	O
than	O
that	O
in	O
animals	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
ratio	O
of	O
aberrant	O
cardiomyocytes	O
in	O
mice	O
treated	O
with	O
DOX	B-Chemical
preceded	O
by	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
and	O
those	O
in	O
mice	O
treated	O
with	O
saline	O
ranged	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
(	O
mean	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
019	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
protective	O
effect	O
by	O
adding	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
before	O
DOX	B-Chemical
led	O
to	O
a	O
significant	O
4	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
reduction	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
of	O
abnormal	O
cardiomyocytes	O
.	O

This	O
protective	O
effect	O
did	O
not	O
depend	O
on	O
the	O
time	O
interval	O
between	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
345	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
in	O
an	O
outpatient	O
clinical	O
setting	O
monoHER	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
administered	O
shortly	O
before	O
DOX	B-Chemical
.	O

Clinical	O
evaluation	O
of	O
adverse	O
effects	O
during	O
bepridil	B-Chemical
administration	O
for	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
flutter	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Bepridil	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
(	O
Bpd	B-Chemical
)	O
has	O
attracted	O
attention	O
as	O
an	O
effective	O
drug	O
for	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
(	O
AF	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
atrial	B-Disease
flutter	I-Disease
(	O
AFL	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
serious	O
adverse	O
effects	O
,	O
including	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
Tdp	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

METHODS	O
AND	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
Adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
Bpd	B-Chemical
requiring	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
treatment	O
were	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Bpd	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
to	O
459	O
patients	O
(	O
361	O
males	O
,	O
63	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
years	O
old	O
)	O
comprising	O
378	O
AF	B-Disease
and	O
81	O
AFL	B-Disease
cases	O
.	O

Mean	O
left	O
ventricular	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
and	O
atrial	O
dimension	O
(	O
LAD	O
)	O
were	O
66	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
%	O
and	O
40	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
mm	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
19	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
during	O
an	O
average	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
20	O
months	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
marked	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
greater	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
55	O
s	O
in	O
13	O
patients	O
,	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
less	O
than	O
40	O
beats	O
/	O
min	O
in	O
6	O
patients	O
,	O
dizziness	B-Disease
and	O
general	O
fatigue	B-Disease
in	O
1	O
patient	O
each	O
.	O

In	O
4	O
of	O
13	O
patients	O
with	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
,	O
Tdp	B-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

The	O
major	O
triggering	O
factors	O
of	O
Tdp	B-Disease
were	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
and	O
sudden	O
decrease	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
clinical	O
backgrounds	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
Tdp	B-Disease
other	O
than	O
LAD	O
and	O
age	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
larger	O
and	O
older	O
in	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
Tdp	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Careful	O
observation	O
of	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
concentration	O
and	O
the	O
ECG	O
should	O
always	O
be	O
done	O
during	O
Bpd	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

Enhanced	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
in	O
transgenic	O
rats	O
with	O
low	O
brain	O
angiotensinogen	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
previously	O
shown	O
that	O
a	O
permanent	O
deficiency	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
(	O
RAS	O
)	O
may	O
increase	O
the	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
the	O
baroreflex	O
control	O
of	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
we	O
aimed	O
at	O
studying	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
RAS	O
in	O
the	O
cardiac	O
reactivity	O
to	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
(	O
beta	O
-	O
AR	O
)	O
agonist	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
Iso	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Transgenic	O
rats	O
with	O
low	O
brain	O
angiotensinogen	O
(	O
TGR	O
)	O
were	O
used	O
.	O

In	O
isolated	O
hearts	O
,	O
Iso	B-Chemical
induced	O
a	O
significantly	O
greater	O
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
(	O
LV	O
)	O
pressure	O
and	O
maximal	O
contraction	O
(	O
+	O
dP	O
/	O
dt	O
(	O
max	O
)	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
TGR	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
(	O
SD	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

LV	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
Iso	B-Chemical
treatment	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
TGR	O
than	O
in	O
SD	O
rats	O
(	O
in	O
g	O
LV	O
wt	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
body	O
wt	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
28	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
004	O
vs	O
.	O
0	O
.	O
24	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
004	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
greater	O
LV	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
in	O
TGR	O
rats	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
more	O
pronounced	O
downregulation	O
of	O
beta	O
-	O
AR	O
and	O
upregulation	O
of	O
LV	O
beta	O
-	O
AR	O
kinase	O
-	O
1	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
in	O
SD	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
rate	O
(	O
HR	O
)	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
AR	O
antagonist	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
was	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
in	O
TGR	O
compared	O
with	O
SD	O
rats	O
(	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
-	O
18	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
parasympathetic	O
blockade	O
by	O
atropine	B-Chemical
on	O
HR	O
was	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
strains	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
TGR	O
are	O
more	O
sensitive	O
to	O
beta	O
-	O
AR	O
agonist	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
inotropic	I-Disease
response	O
and	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
,	O
possibly	O
due	O
to	O
chronically	O
low	O
sympathetic	O
outflow	O
directed	O
to	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
induced	O
long	B-Disease
QT	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
injection	O
drug	O
users	O
receiving	O
methadone	B-Chemical
:	O
high	O
frequency	O
in	O
hospitalized	O
patients	O
and	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Drug	O
-	O
induced	O
long	B-Disease
QT	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
serious	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O

Methadone	B-Chemical
prolongs	O
the	O
QT	O
interval	O
in	O
vitro	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
inpatient	O
setting	O
,	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
QT	B-Disease
interval	I-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
with	O
methadone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
its	O
dose	O
dependence	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
cofactors	O
such	O
as	O
drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interactions	O
remain	O
unknown	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
performed	O
a	O
systematic	O
,	O
retrospective	O
study	O
comparing	O
active	O
or	O
former	O
intravenous	O
drug	O
users	O
receiving	O
methadone	B-Chemical
and	O
those	O
not	O
receiving	O
methadone	B-Chemical
among	O
all	O
patients	O
hospitalized	O
over	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
in	O
a	O
tertiary	O
care	O
hospital	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
167	O
patients	O
receiving	O
methadone	B-Chemical
fulfilled	O
the	O
inclusion	O
criteria	O
and	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
of	O
80	O
injection	O
drug	O
users	O
not	O
receiving	O
methadone	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
methadone	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
15	O
demographic	O
,	O
biological	O
,	O
and	O
pharmacological	O
variables	O
were	O
considered	O
as	O
potential	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Among	O
167	O
methadone	B-Chemical
maintenance	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
QTc	O
prolongation	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
second	O
(	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
or	O
longer	O
was	O
16	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
compared	O
with	O
0	O
%	O
in	O
80	O
control	O
subjects	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
methadone	B-Chemical
group	O
presented	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
.	O

QTc	O
length	O
was	O
weakly	O
but	O
significantly	O
associated	O
with	O
methadone	B-Chemical
daily	O
dose	O
(	O
Spearman	O
rank	O
correlation	O
coefficient	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
20	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Multivariate	O
regression	O
analysis	O
allowed	O
attribution	O
of	O
31	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
QTc	O
variability	O
to	O
methadone	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
cytochrome	O
P	O
-	O
450	O
3A4	O
drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interactions	O
,	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
altered	O
liver	O
function	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
QT	B-Disease
interval	I-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
in	O
methadone	B-Chemical
maintenance	O
patients	O
hospitalized	O
in	O
a	O
tertiary	O
care	O
center	O
is	O
a	O
frequent	O
finding	O
.	O

Methadone	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
presence	O
of	O
cytochrome	O
P	O
-	O
450	O
3A4	O
inhibitors	O
,	O
potassium	B-Chemical
level	O
,	O
and	O
liver	O
function	O
contribute	O
to	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
.	O

Long	B-Disease
QT	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
can	O
occur	O
with	O
low	O
doses	O
of	O
methadone	B-Chemical
.	O

Mechanisms	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
deficiency	O
:	O
focus	O
on	O
venous	O
function	O
.	O

Loss	O
of	O
endothelial	O
cell	O
-	O
derived	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
hypertension	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
hallmark	O
of	O
arterial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Experimental	O
hypertension	B-Disease
created	O
by	O
the	O
removal	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
,	O
however	O
,	O
involves	O
mechanisms	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
decreased	O
arterial	O
vasodilator	O
activity	O
.	O

These	O
include	O
augmented	O
endothelin	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
ET	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
release	O
,	O
increased	O
sympathetic	O
nervous	O
system	O
activity	O
,	O
and	O
elevated	O
tissue	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

We	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
increased	O
venous	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
(	O
venomotor	O
)	O
tone	O
plays	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
Nomega	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
(	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
)	O
hypertension	B-Disease
through	O
these	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
inhibitor	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
L	O
in	O
drinking	O
water	O
)	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
.	O

Mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
of	O
conscious	O
rats	O
was	O
119	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
mm	O
Hg	O
in	O
control	O
and	O
194	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
mm	O
Hg	O
in	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
rats	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Carotid	O
arteries	O
and	O
vena	O
cava	O
were	O
removed	O
for	O
measurement	O
of	O
isometric	O
contraction	O
.	O

Maximal	O
contraction	O
to	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
was	O
modestly	O
reduced	O
in	O
arteries	O
from	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
control	O
rats	O
whereas	O
the	O
maximum	O
contraction	O
to	O
ET	O
-	O
1	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
(	O
54	O
%	O
control	O
)	O
.	O

Maximum	O
contraction	O
of	O
vena	O
cava	O
to	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
37	O
%	O
control	O
)	O
also	O
was	O
reduced	O
but	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
ET	O
-	O
1	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Mean	O
circulatory	O
filling	O
pressure	O
,	O
an	O
in	O
vivo	O
measure	O
of	O
venomotor	O
tone	O
,	O
was	O
not	O
elevated	O
in	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
hypertension	B-Disease
at	O
1	O
or	O
2	O
weeks	O
after	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
scavenger	O
tempol	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
,	O
100	O
,	O
and	O
300	O
micromol	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
IV	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
in	O
control	O
rats	O
but	O
caused	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
decrease	O
in	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
rats	O
(	O
-	O
18	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
,	O
-	O
26	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
15	O
,	O
and	O
-	O
54	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
ganglionic	O
blockade	O
with	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
caused	O
a	O
significantly	O
greater	O
fall	O
in	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
(	O
76	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
rats	O
(	O
35	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
.	O

Carotid	O
arteries	O
,	O
vena	O
cava	O
,	O
and	O
sympathetic	O
ganglia	O
from	O
LNNA	B-Chemical
rats	O
had	O
higher	O
basal	O
levels	O
of	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
those	O
from	O
control	O
rats	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
while	O
NO	B-Chemical
deficiency	O
increases	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
sympathetic	O
activity	O
in	O
both	O
arterial	O
and	O
venous	O
vessels	O
,	O
the	O
impact	O
on	O
veins	O
does	O
not	O
make	O
a	O
major	O
contribution	O
to	O
this	O
form	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Association	O
of	O
DRD2	O
polymorphisms	O
and	O
chlorpromazine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
Chinese	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
Extrapyramidal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
EPS	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
most	O
commonly	O
affected	O
by	O
typical	O
antipsychotic	O
drugs	O
that	O
have	O
a	O
high	O
affinity	O
with	O
the	O
D2	O
receptor	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
many	O
research	O
groups	O
have	O
reported	O
on	O
the	O
positive	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
genetic	O
variations	O
in	O
the	O
DRD2	O
gene	O
and	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
response	O
in	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
patients	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
variations	O
in	O
the	O
receptor	O
in	O
modulating	O
receptor	O
expression	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
evaluate	O
the	O
role	O
DRD2	O
plays	O
in	O
chlorpromazine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
EPS	B-Disease
in	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
identified	O
seven	O
SNP	O
(	O
single	O
nucleotide	O
polymorphism	O
)	O
(	O
-	O
141Cins	O
>	O
del	O
,	O
TaqIB	O
,	O
TaqID	O
,	O
Ser311Cys	O
,	O
rs6275	O
,	O
rs6277	O
and	O
TaqIA	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
DRD2	O
gene	O
in	O
146	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
inpatients	O
(	O
59	O
with	O
EPS	B-Disease
and	O
87	O
without	O
EPS	B-Disease
according	O
to	O
the	O
Simpson	O
-	O
Angus	O
Scale	O
)	O
treated	O
with	O
chlorpromazine	B-Chemical
after	O
8	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
alleles	O
of	O
all	O
loci	O
were	O
determined	O
by	O
PCR	O
(	O
polymerase	O
chain	O
reaction	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Polymorphisms	O
TaqID	O
,	O
Ser311Cys	O
and	O
rs6277	O
were	O
not	O
polymorphic	O
in	O
the	O
population	O
recruited	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
.	O

No	O
statistical	O
significance	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
allele	O
distribution	O
of	O
-	O
141Cins	O
>	O
del	O
,	O
TaqIB	O
,	O
rs6275	O
and	O
TaqIA	O
or	O
in	O
the	O
estimated	O
haplotypes	O
(	O
constituted	O
by	O
TaqIB	O
,	O
rs6275	O
and	O
TaqIA	O
)	O
in	O
linkage	O
disequilibrium	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
results	O
did	O
not	O
lend	O
strong	O
support	O
to	O
the	O
view	O
that	O
the	O
genetic	O
variation	O
of	O
the	O
DRD2	O
gene	O
plays	O
a	O
major	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
individually	O
variable	O
adverse	O
effect	O
induced	O
by	O
chlorpromazine	B-Chemical
,	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
Chinese	O
patients	O
with	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

Our	O
results	O
confirmed	O
a	O
previous	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
DRD2	O
and	O
EPS	B-Disease
in	O
Caucasians	O
.	O

Physical	O
training	O
decreases	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
subsequent	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Regular	O
motor	O
activity	O
has	O
many	O
benefits	O
for	O
mental	O
and	O
physical	O
condition	O
but	O
its	O
implications	O
for	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
are	O
still	O
controversial	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
elucidate	O
this	O
problem	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
studied	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
physical	O
activity	O
on	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
subsequent	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
repeated	O
training	O
sessions	O
in	O
a	O
treadmill	O
and	O
swimming	O
pool	O
.	O

Thereafter	O
,	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
injections	O
in	O
trained	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
trained	O
control	O
groups	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
acute	O
period	O
of	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
measured	O
:	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
the	O
latency	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
motor	O
sign	O
,	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
the	O
intensity	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
the	O
time	O
when	O
it	O
occurred	O
within	O
the	O
6	O
-	O
h	O
observation	O
period	O
,	O
and	O
(	O
4	O
)	O
the	O
time	O
when	O
the	O
acute	O
period	O
ended	O
.	O

All	O
these	O
behavioral	O
parameters	O
showed	O
statistically	O
significant	O
changes	O
suggesting	O
that	O
regular	O
physical	O
exercises	O
decrease	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
subsequently	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
ameliorate	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

Tonic	O
dopaminergic	O
stimulation	O
impairs	B-Disease
associative	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
in	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
.	O

Endogenous	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
plays	O
a	O
central	O
role	O
in	O
salience	O
coding	O
during	O
associative	O
learning	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
the	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
precursor	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
enhances	O
learning	O
in	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
and	O
stroke	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Because	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
increases	O
both	O
phasic	O
and	O
tonic	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotransmission	O
,	O
the	O
critical	O
mechanism	O
mediating	O
the	O
enhancement	O
of	O
learning	O
is	O
unresolved	O
.	O

We	O
here	O
probed	O
how	O
selective	O
tonic	O
dopaminergic	O
stimulation	O
affects	O
associative	O
learning	O
.	O

Forty	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
were	O
trained	O
in	O
a	O
novel	O
vocabulary	O
of	O
45	O
concrete	O
nouns	O
over	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
5	O
consecutive	O
training	O
days	O
in	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
design	O
.	O

Subjects	O
received	O
the	O
tonically	O
stimulating	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
)	O
vs	O
placebo	O
120	O
min	O
before	O
training	O
on	O
each	O
training	O
day	O
.	O

The	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	O
significantly	O
impaired	B-Disease
novel	I-Disease
word	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
compared	O
to	O
placebo	O
.	O

This	O
learning	O
decrement	O
persisted	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
last	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
4	O
weeks	O
post	O
-	O
training	O
.	O

Subjects	O
treated	O
with	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
also	O
showed	O
restricted	O
emotional	O
responses	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
PLACEBO	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
of	O
'	O
flattened	O
'	O
affect	O
with	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
was	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
learning	O
inhibition	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
tonic	O
occupation	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
impairs	O
learning	O
by	O
competition	O
with	O
phasic	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
signals	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
phasic	O
signaling	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
critical	O
mechanism	O
by	O
which	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
enhances	O
associative	O
learning	O
in	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
and	O
stroke	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Minocycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
fulfilling	O
the	O
criteria	O
of	O
polyarteritis	B-Disease
nodosa	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
47	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
taking	O
minocycline	B-Chemical
for	O
palmoplantar	B-Disease
pustulosis	I-Disease
developed	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
myalgias	B-Disease
,	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
testicular	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
elevated	O
C	O
-	O
reactive	O
protein	O
(	O
CRP	O
)	O
.	O

Neither	O
myeloperoxidase	O
-	O
nor	O
proteinase	O
-	O
3	O
-	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
antibody	O
was	O
positive	O
.	O

These	O
manifestations	O
met	O
the	O
American	O
College	O
of	O
Rheumatology	O
1990	O
criteria	O
for	O
the	O
classification	O
of	O
polyarteritis	B-Disease
nodosa	I-Disease
.	O

Stopping	O
minocycline	B-Chemical
led	O
to	O
amelioration	O
of	O
symptoms	O
and	O
normalization	O
of	O
CRP	O
level	O
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
second	O
case	O
of	O
minocycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
satisfying	O
the	O
criteria	O
.	O

Differential	O
diagnosis	O
for	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
disease	O
is	O
invaluable	O
even	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
classical	O
polyarteritis	B-Disease
nodosa	I-Disease
.	O

Intramuscular	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
immune	O
globulin	O
combined	O
with	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
in	O
prevention	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
recurrence	O
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Combined	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
immune	O
globulin	O
(	O
HBIg	O
)	O
and	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
in	O
prophylaxis	O
of	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
has	O
significantly	O
improved	O
the	O
survival	O
of	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
positive	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
outcomes	O
of	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HBV	O
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
retrospective	O
chart	O
analysis	O
and	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
organ	O
transplant	O
database	O
identified	O
51	O
patients	O
(	O
43	O
men	O
and	O
8	O
women	O
)	O
transplanted	O
for	O
benign	O
HBV	O
-	O
related	O
cirrhotic	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
between	O
June	O
2002	O
and	O
December	O
2004	O
who	O
had	O
survived	O
more	O
than	O
3	O
months	O
.	O

HBIg	O
was	O
administered	O
intravenously	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
week	O
and	O
intramuscularly	O
thereafter	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
At	O
a	O
median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
14	O
.	O
1	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
overall	O
recurrence	O
rate	O
in	O
the	O
51	O
patients	O
was	O
3	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
(	O
2	O
/	O
51	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
patient	O
survival	O
was	O
88	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
82	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
after	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
years	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

A	O
daily	O
oral	O
dose	O
of	O
100	O
mg	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
before	O
transplantation	O
for	O
10	O
patients	O
enabled	O
57	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
4	O
/	O
7	O
)	O
and	O
62	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
(	O
5	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
of	O
HBV	O
-	O
DNA	O
and	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
positive	O
patients	O
respectively	O
to	O
convert	O
to	O
be	O
negative	O
.	O

Intramuscular	O
HBIg	O
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Lamivudine	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
intramuscular	O
HBIg	O
can	O
effectively	O
prevent	O
allograft	O
from	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
HBV	O
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
of	O
eslicarbazepine	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
BIA	B-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
093	I-Chemical
)	O
on	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
microperfusion	O
of	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
of	O
freely	O
moving	O
rats	O
.	O

Eslicarbazepine	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
BIA	B-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
093	I-Chemical
,	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
10	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acetoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
10	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
11	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5H	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dibenzo	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
b	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
f	I-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
azepine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxamide	I-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
novel	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
,	O
now	O
in	O
Phase	O
III	O
clinical	O
trials	O
,	O
designed	O
with	O
the	O
aim	O
of	O
improving	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
the	O
structurally	O
related	O
drugs	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
(	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
oxcarbazepine	B-Chemical
(	O
OXC	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
studied	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
oral	O
treatment	O
with	O
eslicarbazepine	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
on	O
a	O
whole	O
-	O
animal	O
model	O
in	O
which	O
partial	O
seizures	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
elicited	O
repeatedly	O
on	O
different	O
days	O
without	O
changes	O
in	O
threshold	O
or	O
seizure	B-Disease
patterns	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
threshold	O
doses	O
of	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
average	O
number	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
was	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
average	O
seizure	B-Disease
duration	O
was	O
39	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
4s	O
.	O

Pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
2h	O
before	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
microperfusion	O
prevented	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
75	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
rats	O
.	O

Lower	O
doses	O
(	O
3	O
and	O
10mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
suppress	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
however	O
,	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
10mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
significant	O
reductions	O
in	O
seizures	B-Disease
duration	O
(	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
8s	O
)	O
and	O
seizure	B-Disease
number	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
34	O
)	O
were	O
found	O
.	O

No	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
eslicarbazepine	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
were	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
behavioral	O
/	O
EEG	O
patterns	O
studied	O
,	O
including	O
sleep	O
/	O
wakefulness	O
cycle	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
doses	O
studied	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
prolonged	O
intake	O
of	O
slimming	O
pills	O
containing	O
anthraquinones	B-Chemical
.	O

Chinese	B-Chemical
herbal	I-Chemical
medicine	O
preparations	O
are	O
widely	O
available	O
and	O
often	O
regarded	O
by	O
the	O
public	O
as	O
natural	O
and	O
safe	O
remedies	O
for	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
medical	O
conditions	O
.	O

Nephropathy	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
Chinese	B-Chemical
herbs	I-Chemical
has	O
previously	O
been	O
reported	O
,	O
usually	O
involving	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
aristolochic	B-Chemical
acids	I-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
23	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
who	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
following	O
prolonged	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
proprietary	O
Chinese	B-Chemical
herbal	I-Chemical
slimming	O
pill	O
that	O
contained	O
anthraquinone	B-Chemical
derivatives	O
,	O
extracted	O
from	O
Rhizoma	O
Rhei	O
(	O
rhubarb	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
was	O
probably	O
aggravated	O
by	O
the	O
concomitant	O
intake	O
of	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drug	O
,	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
.	O

Renal	O
pathology	O
was	O
that	O
of	O
hypocellular	O
interstitial	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Spontaneous	O
renal	O
recovery	O
occurred	O
upon	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
slimming	O
pills	O
,	O
but	O
mild	O
interstitial	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
and	O
tubular	O
atrophy	B-Disease
was	O
still	O
evident	O
histologically	O
4	O
months	O
later	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
causal	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
an	O
anthraquinone	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
herbal	O
agent	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
remains	O
to	O
be	O
proven	O
,	O
phytotherapy	O
-	O
associated	O
interstitial	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
present	O
with	O
unexplained	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Chloroacetaldehyde	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
sulfhydryl	B-Chemical
reagent	O
:	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
critical	O
thiol	B-Chemical
groups	O
in	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Chloroacetaldehyde	B-Chemical
(	O
CAA	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
metabolite	O
of	O
the	O
alkylating	O
agent	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
(	O
IFO	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
putatively	O
responsible	O
for	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
following	O
anti	O
-	O
tumor	B-Disease
therapy	O
with	O
IFO	B-Chemical
.	O

Depletion	O
of	O
sulfhydryl	B-Chemical
(	O
SH	B-Chemical
)	O
groups	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
from	O
cell	O
culture	O
,	O
animal	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
work	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
CAA	B-Chemical
on	O
human	O
proximal	O
tubule	O
cells	O
in	O
primary	O
culture	O
(	O
hRPTEC	O
)	O
was	O
investigated	O
.	O

Toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
CAA	B-Chemical
was	O
determined	O
by	O
protein	O
content	O
,	O
cell	O
number	O
,	O
LDH	O
release	O
,	O
trypan	B-Chemical
blue	I-Chemical
exclusion	O
assay	O
and	O
caspase	O
-	O
3	O
activity	O
.	O

Free	O
thiols	B-Chemical
were	O
measured	O
by	O
the	O
method	O
of	O
Ellman	O
.	O

CAA	B-Chemical
reduced	O
hRPTEC	O
cell	O
number	O
and	O
protein	O
,	O
induced	O
a	O
loss	O
in	O
free	O
intracellular	O
thiols	B-Chemical
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
necrosis	B-Disease
markers	O
.	O

CAA	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
acrolein	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
cysteine	B-Chemical
proteases	O
caspase	O
-	O
3	O
,	O
caspase	O
-	O
8	O
and	O
cathepsin	O
B	O
.	O

Caspase	O
activation	O
by	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
was	O
inhibited	O
by	O
CAA	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
cells	O
stained	O
with	O
fluorescent	O
dyes	O
targeting	O
lysosomes	O
,	O
CAA	B-Chemical
induced	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
lysosomal	O
size	O
and	O
lysosomal	O
leakage	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
CAA	B-Chemical
on	O
cysteine	B-Chemical
protease	O
activities	O
and	O
thiols	B-Chemical
could	O
be	O
reproduced	O
in	O
cell	O
lysate	O
.	O

Acidification	O
,	O
which	O
slowed	O
the	O
reaction	O
of	O
CAA	B-Chemical
with	O
thiol	B-Chemical
donors	O
,	O
could	O
also	O
attenuate	O
effects	O
of	O
CAA	B-Chemical
on	O
necrosis	B-Disease
markers	O
,	O
thiol	B-Chemical
depletion	O
and	O
cysteine	B-Chemical
protease	O
inhibition	O
in	O
living	O
cells	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
CAA	B-Chemical
directly	O
reacts	O
with	O
cellular	O
protein	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
protein	O
thiols	B-Chemical
,	O
mediating	O
its	O
toxicity	B-Disease
on	O
hRPTEC	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
can	O
be	O
reduced	O
by	O
acidification	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
urinary	O
acidification	O
could	O
be	O
an	O
option	O
to	O
prevent	O
IFO	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
.	O

Stereological	O
methods	O
reveal	O
the	O
robust	O
size	O
and	O
stability	O
of	O
ectopic	O
hilar	O
granule	O
cells	O
after	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
adult	O
rat	O
.	O

Following	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
,	O
dentate	O
granule	O
cell	O
neurogenesis	O
increases	O
greatly	O
,	O
and	O
many	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
neurons	O
appear	O
to	O
develop	O
ectopically	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
hilar	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampal	O
formation	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
ectopic	O
hilar	O
granule	O
cells	O
could	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
spontaneous	O
seizures	B-Disease
that	O
ultimately	O
develop	O
after	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
population	O
has	O
never	O
been	O
quantified	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
is	O
unclear	O
whether	O
it	O
is	O
substantial	O
enough	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
strong	O
influence	O
on	O
epileptogenesis	O
.	O

To	O
quantify	O
this	O
population	O
,	O
the	O
total	O
number	O
of	O
ectopic	O
hilar	O
granule	O
cells	O
was	O
estimated	O
using	O
unbiased	O
stereology	O
at	O
different	O
times	O
after	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
hilar	O
neurons	O
immunoreactive	O
for	O
Prox	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
a	O
granule	O
-	O
cell	O
-	O
specific	O
marker	O
,	O
was	O
estimated	O
using	O
the	O
optical	O
fractionator	O
method	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
hilar	O
ectopic	O
granule	O
cell	O
population	O
after	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
is	O
substantial	O
,	O
and	O
stable	O
over	O
time	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
population	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
behavioral	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
because	O
animals	O
with	O
more	O
ectopic	O
granule	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
hilus	O
have	O
more	O
frequent	O
behavioral	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
hilar	O
ectopic	O
granule	O
cell	O
population	O
does	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
vary	O
systematically	O
across	O
the	O
septotemporal	O
axis	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
volume	O
of	O
the	O
hilus	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
provide	O
new	O
insight	O
into	O
the	O
potential	O
role	O
of	O
ectopic	O
hilar	O
granule	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
of	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
,	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
trial	O
of	O
galantamine	B-Chemical
in	O
autistic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Post	O
-	O
mortem	O
studies	O
have	O
reported	O
abnormalities	O
of	O
the	O
cholinergic	O
system	O
in	O
autism	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
galantamine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
acetylcholinesterase	O
inhibitor	O
and	O
nicotinic	O
receptor	O
modulator	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
interfering	O
behaviors	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
autism	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Thirteen	O
medication	O
-	O
free	O
children	O
with	O
autism	B-Disease
(	O
mean	O
age	O
,	O
8	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
years	O
)	O
participated	O
in	O
a	O
12	O
-	O
week	O
,	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
trial	O
of	O
galantamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
rated	O
monthly	O
by	O
parents	O
on	O
the	O
Aberrant	O
Behavior	O
Checklist	O
(	O
ABC	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
Conners	O
'	O
Parent	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
-	O
Revised	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
a	O
physician	O
using	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Psychiatric	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
and	O
the	O
Clinical	O
Global	O
Impressions	O
scale	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Patients	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
parent	O
-	O
rated	O
irritability	B-Disease
and	O
social	O
withdrawal	O
on	O
the	O
ABC	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
significant	O
improvements	O
in	O
emotional	O
lability	O
and	O
inattention	O
on	O
the	O
Conners	O
'	O
Parent	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
-	O
-	O
Revised	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
clinician	O
ratings	O
showed	O
reductions	O
in	O
the	O
anger	O
subscale	O
of	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Psychiatric	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
.	O

Eight	O
of	O
13	O
participants	O
were	O
rated	O
as	O
responders	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
their	O
improvement	O
scores	O
on	O
the	O
Clinical	O
Global	O
Impressions	O
scale	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
galantamine	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
significant	O
adverse	O
effects	O
apart	O
from	O
headaches	B-Disease
in	O
one	O
patient	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
open	O
trial	O
,	O
galantamine	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
and	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
beneficial	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
interfering	O
behaviors	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
autism	B-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
aggression	B-Disease
,	O
behavioral	B-Disease
dyscontrol	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
inattention	B-Disease
.	O

Further	O
controlled	O
trials	O
are	O
warranted	O
.	O

Randomized	O
comparison	O
of	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
versus	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
first	O
-	O
episode	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
:	O
4	O
-	O
month	O
outcomes	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
authors	O
compared	O
4	O
-	O
month	O
treatment	O
outcomes	O
for	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
versus	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
first	O
-	O
episode	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
spectrum	O
disorders	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
twelve	O
subjects	O
(	O
70	O
%	O
male	O
;	O
mean	O
age	O
=	O
23	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
[	O
SD	O
=	O
5	O
.	O
1	O
]	O
)	O
with	O
first	O
-	O
episode	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
(	O
75	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
schizophreniform	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
17	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
schizoaffective	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
treatment	O
with	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
or	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
-	O
6	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Response	O
rates	O
did	O
not	O
significantly	O
differ	O
between	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
(	O
43	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
28	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
-	O
58	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
54	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
39	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
-	O
68	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Among	O
those	O
responding	O
to	O
treatment	O
,	O
more	O
subjects	O
in	O
the	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
40	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
16	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
-	O
65	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
0	O
%	O
-	O
39	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
subsequent	O
ratings	O
not	O
meeting	O
response	O
criteria	O
.	O

Negative	O
symptom	O
outcomes	O
and	O
measures	O
of	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
and	O
akathisia	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
differ	O
between	O
medications	O
.	O

Extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptom	I-Disease
severity	O
scores	O
were	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
)	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
and	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
with	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
.	O

Significantly	O
more	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
occurred	O
with	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
than	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
:	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
weight	O
at	O
4	O
months	O
relative	O
to	O
baseline	O
weight	O
was	O
17	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
14	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
-	O
20	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
and	O
11	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
8	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
-	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

Body	O
mass	O
index	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
at	O
4	O
months	O
was	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
22	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
25	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
versus	O
28	O
.	O
2	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
26	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
29	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
with	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
and	O
23	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
22	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
25	O
.	O
3	O
)	O
versus	O
26	O
.	O
7	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
25	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
28	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Clinical	O
outcomes	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
were	O
equal	O
to	O
those	O
with	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
response	O
may	O
be	O
more	O
stable	O
.	O

Olanzapine	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
an	O
advantage	O
for	O
motor	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Both	O
medications	O
caused	O
substantial	O
rapid	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
was	O
greater	O
with	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
.	O

Early	O
paracentral	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
taking	O
hydroxychloroquine	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
review	O
the	O
natural	O
history	O
and	O
ocular	O
and	O
systemic	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
patients	O
taking	O
hydroxychloroquine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
who	O
attended	O
an	O
ophthalmic	O
screening	O
program	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Retrospective	O
study	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Records	O
of	O
262	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
taking	O
hydroxychloroquine	B-Chemical
and	O
screened	O
in	O
the	O
Department	O
of	O
Ophthalmology	O
were	O
reviewed	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
262	O
patients	O
,	O
14	O
(	O
18	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
76	O
who	O
had	O
stopped	O
treatment	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
experienced	O
documented	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

Systemic	O
adverse	O
effects	O
occurred	O
in	O
8	O
patients	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
ocular	O
adverse	O
effects	O
,	O
in	O
5	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
(	O
13	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
were	O
attributed	O
to	O
hydroxychloroquine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
4	O
patients	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Three	O
of	O
the	O
4	O
patients	O
were	O
taking	O
less	O
than	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
and	O
all	O
patients	O
had	O
normal	O
renal	O
and	O
liver	O
function	O
test	O
results	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
current	O
study	O
used	O
a	O
protocol	O
of	O
visual	O
acuity	O
and	O
color	O
vision	O
assessment	O
,	O
funduscopy	O
,	O
and	O
Humphrey	O
10	O
-	O
2	O
visual	O
field	O
testing	O
and	O
shows	O
that	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
appeared	O
before	O
any	O
corresponding	O
changes	O
in	O
any	O
other	O
tested	O
clinical	O
parameters	O
;	O
the	O
defects	O
were	O
reproducible	O
and	O
the	O
test	O
parameters	O
were	O
reliable	O
.	O

Patients	O
taking	O
hydroxychloroquine	B-Chemical
can	O
demonstrate	O
a	O
toxic	O
reaction	O
in	O
the	O
retina	O
despite	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
known	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Screening	O
,	O
including	O
Humphrey	O
10	O
-	O
2	O
visual	O
field	O
assessment	O
,	O
is	O
recommended	O
2	O
years	O
after	O
the	O
initial	O
baseline	O
and	O
yearly	O
thereafter	O
.	O

Peri	O
-	O
operative	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
with	O
epirubicin	B-Chemical
and	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
47	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
presented	O
for	O
mastectomy	O
and	O
immediate	O
latissimus	O
dorsi	O
flap	O
reconstruction	O
having	O
been	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
breast	I-Disease
6	O
months	O
previously	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
preceding	O
months	O
she	O
had	O
received	O
neo	O
-	O
adjuvant	O
chemotherapy	O
with	O
epirubicin	B-Chemical
,	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
Taxol	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
had	O
been	O
apparently	O
uncomplicated	O
and	O
she	O
had	O
maintained	O
a	O
remarkably	O
high	O
level	O
of	O
physical	O
activity	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
bradycardic	B-Disease
at	O
pre	O
-	O
operative	O
assessment	O
but	O
had	O
no	O
cardiac	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Second	O
degree	O
Mobitz	O
type	O
II	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	O
on	O
electrocardiogram	O
,	O
and	O
temporary	O
transvenous	O
ventricular	O
pacing	O
instituted	O
in	O
the	O
peri	O
-	O
operative	O
period	O
.	O

We	O
discuss	O
how	O
evidence	O
-	O
based	O
guidelines	O
would	O
not	O
have	O
been	O
helpful	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
,	O
and	O
how	O
chemotherapy	O
can	O
exhibit	O
substantial	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
that	O
may	O
develop	O
over	O
many	O
years	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
received	O
chemotherapy	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
should	O
have	O
a	O
pre	O
-	O
operative	O
electrocardiogram	O
even	O
if	O
they	O
are	O
asymptomatic	O
.	O

Risks	O
and	O
benefits	O
of	O
COX	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
vs	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
NSAIDs	O
:	O
does	O
their	O
cardiovascular	O
risk	O
exceed	O
their	O
gastrointestinal	O
benefit	O
?	O

A	O
retrospective	O
cohort	O
study	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
risk	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
AMI	B-Disease
)	O
with	O
COX	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
may	O
offset	O
their	O
gastrointestinal	O
(	O
GI	O
)	O
benefit	O
compared	O
with	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
(	O
NS	O
)	O
non	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
steroidal	I-Chemical
anti	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
inflammatory	I-Chemical
drugs	I-Chemical
(	O
NSAIDs	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
aimed	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
risks	O
of	O
hospitalization	O
for	O
AMI	B-Disease
and	O
GI	B-Disease
bleeding	I-Disease
among	O
elderly	O
patients	O
using	O
COX	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
,	O
NS	O
-	O
NSAIDs	O
and	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
conducted	O
a	O
retrospective	O
cohort	O
study	O
using	O
administrative	O
data	O
of	O
patients	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
65	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
filled	O
a	O
prescription	O
for	O
NSAID	O
or	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
during	O
1999	O
-	O
2002	O
.	O

Outcomes	O
were	O
compared	O
using	O
Cox	O
regression	O
models	O
with	O
time	O
-	O
dependent	O
exposures	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Person	O
-	O
years	O
of	O
exposure	O
among	O
non	O
-	O
users	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
were	O
:	O
75	O
,	O
761	O
to	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
,	O
42	O
,	O
671	O
to	O
rofecoxib	B-Chemical
65	O
,	O
860	O
to	O
celecoxib	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
37	O
,	O
495	O
to	O
NS	O
-	O
NSAIDs	O
.	O

Among	O
users	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
they	O
were	O
:	O
14	O
,	O
671	O
to	O
rofecoxib	B-Chemical
,	O
22	O
,	O
875	O
to	O
celecoxib	B-Chemical
,	O
9	O
,	O
832	O
to	O
NS	O
-	O
NSAIDs	O
and	O
38	O
,	O
048	O
to	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
.	O

Among	O
non	O
-	O
users	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
adjusted	O
hazard	O
ratios	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
)	O
of	O
hospitalization	O
for	O
AMI	B-Disease
/	O
GI	O
vs	O
the	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
with	O
no	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
)	O
group	O
were	O
:	O
rofecoxib	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
27	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
13	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
42	O
)	O
,	O
celecoxib	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
93	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
83	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
,	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
59	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
31	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
93	O
)	O
,	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
17	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
99	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
38	O
)	O
and	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
05	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
74	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
51	O
)	O
.	O

Among	O
users	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
they	O
were	O
:	O
rofecoxib	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
73	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
52	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
98	O
)	O
,	O
celecoxib	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
34	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
19	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
52	O
)	O
,	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
51	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
95	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
41	O
)	O
,	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
69	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
35	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
10	O
)	O
,	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
35	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
97	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
88	O
)	O
and	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
29	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
17	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
42	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Among	O
non	O
-	O
users	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
seemed	O
to	O
carry	O
the	O
highest	O
risk	O
for	O
AMI	B-Disease
/	O
GI	B-Disease
bleeding	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
AMI	B-Disease
/	O
GI	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
celecoxib	B-Chemical
was	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
and	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
better	O
than	O
those	O
of	O
rofecoxib	B-Chemical
and	O
NS	O
-	O
NSAIDs	O
.	O

Among	O
users	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
both	O
celecoxib	B-Chemical
and	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
least	O
toxic	O
.	O

Quinine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
severe	B-Disease
malaria	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
severe	B-Disease
malaria	I-Disease
patient	O
with	O
jaundice	B-Disease
who	O
presented	O
with	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
(	O
premature	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
contraction	I-Disease
)	O
while	O
getting	O
quinine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
was	O
reported	O
.	O

A	O
man	O
,	O
25	O
years	O
old	O
,	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
hospital	O
with	O
high	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
chill	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
jaundice	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
fully	O
conscious	O
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
120	O
/	O
80	O
mmHg	O
,	O
pulse	O
rate	O
100	O
x	O
/	O
minute	O
,	O
regular	O
.	O

On	O
admission	O
,	O
laboratory	O
examination	O
showed	O
Plasmodium	O
falciparum	O
(	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
)	O
,	O
total	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
8	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
,	O
conjugated	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
4	O
.	O
36	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
,	O
unconjugated	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
3	O
.	O
89	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
,	O
potassium	B-Chemical
3	O
.	O
52	O
meq	O
/	O
L	O
Patient	O
was	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
severe	B-Disease
malaria	I-Disease
with	O
jaundice	B-Disease
and	O
got	O
quinine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
in	O
dextrose	B-Chemical
5	O
%	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
8	O
hour	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
vomitus	B-Disease
,	O
diarrhea	B-Disease
,	O
tinnitus	B-Disease
,	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
30	O
hours	O
of	O
quinine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
the	O
patient	O
felt	O
palpitation	B-Disease
and	O
electrocardiography	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
recording	O
showed	O
premature	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
contraction	I-Disease
(	O
PVC	B-Disease
)	O
>	O
5	O
x	O
/	O
minute	O
,	O
trigemini	O
,	O
constant	O
type	O
-	O
-	O
sinoatrial	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
,	O
positive	O
U	O
wave	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
50	O
mg	O
intravenously	O
followed	O
by	O
infusion	O
1500	O
mg	O
in	O
dextrose	B-Chemical
5	O
%	O
/	O
24	O
hour	O
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
tablet	O
.	O

Quinine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
changed	O
with	O
sulfate	O
quinine	B-Chemical
tablets	O
.	O

Three	O
hours	O
later	O
the	O
patient	O
felt	O
better	O
,	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
PVC	B-Disease
reduced	O
to	O
4	O
-	O
5	O
x	O
/	O
minute	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
third	O
day	O
ECG	O
was	O
normal	O
,	O
potassium	B-Chemical
level	O
was	O
3	O
.	O
34	O
meq	O
/	O
L	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
discharged	O
on	O
7th	O
day	O
in	O
good	O
condition	O
.	O

Quinine	B-Chemical
,	O
like	O
quinidine	B-Chemical
,	O
is	O
a	O
chincona	O
alkaloid	O
that	O
has	O
anti	O
-	O
arrhythmic	B-Disease
property	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
also	O
pro	O
-	O
arrhythmic	B-Disease
that	O
can	O
cause	O
various	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
,	O
including	O
severe	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
such	O
as	O
multiple	O
PVC	B-Disease
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
parenteral	O
quinine	B-Chemical
must	O
be	O
done	O
carefully	O
and	O
with	O
good	O
observation	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
pro	O
-	O
arrhythmic	B-Disease
effect	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
heart	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
or	O
patients	O
with	O
electrolyte	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
)	O
which	O
frequently	O
occurs	O
due	O
to	O
vomiting	B-Disease
and	O
or	O
diarrhea	B-Disease
in	O
malaria	B-Disease
cases	O
.	O

Penicillamine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
lichenoid	B-Disease
dermatitis	I-Disease
and	O
utility	O
of	O
zinc	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
in	O
a	O
Wilson	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patient	O
with	O
hepatic	O
presentation	O
,	O
anxiety	B-Disease
and	O
SPECT	O
abnormalities	O
.	O

Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
is	O
an	O
autosomal	O
recessive	O
disorder	O
of	O
hepatic	O
copper	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
with	O
consequent	O
copper	B-Chemical
accumulation	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
many	O
tissues	O
and	O
consequent	O
hepatic	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
neurologic	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
psychiatric	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
;	O
moreover	O
,	O
in	O
our	O
patient	O
,	O
presenting	O
also	O
with	O
high	O
levels	O
of	O
state	O
anxiety	B-Disease
without	O
depression	B-Disease
,	O
99mTc	O
-	O
ECD	O
-	O
SPECT	O
showed	O
cortical	O
hypoperfusion	O
in	O
frontal	O
lobes	O
,	O
more	O
marked	O
on	O
the	O
left	O
frontal	O
lobe	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
our	O
patient	O
,	O
penicillamine	B-Chemical
was	O
interrupted	O
after	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
a	O
lichenoid	B-Disease
dermatitis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
zinc	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
permitted	O
to	O
continue	O
the	O
successful	O
treatment	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
without	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
.	O

In	O
our	O
case	O
the	O
therapy	O
with	O
zinc	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
represented	O
an	O
effective	O
treatment	O
for	O
a	O
Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patient	O
in	O
which	O
penicillamine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
side	O
effects	O
appeared	O
.	O

The	O
safety	O
of	O
the	O
zinc	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
allowed	O
us	O
to	O
avoid	O
other	O
potentially	O
toxic	O
chelating	O
drugs	O
;	O
this	O
observation	O
is	O
in	O
line	O
with	O
the	O
growing	O
evidence	O
on	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Since	O
most	O
of	O
Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
penicillamine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
do	O
not	O
seem	O
to	O
develop	O
this	O
skin	B-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
,	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
conceivable	O
that	O
a	O
specific	O
genetic	O
factor	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
drug	O
response	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
for	O
a	O
better	O
clarification	O
of	O
Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
particular	O
to	O
differentiate	O
specific	O
therapies	O
for	O
different	O
Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
phenotypes	O
.	O

A	O
dramatic	O
drop	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
following	O
prehospital	O
GTN	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

A	O
male	O
in	O
his	O
sixties	O
with	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
cardiac	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
awoke	O
with	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
following	O
an	O
afternoon	O
sleep	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
did	O
not	O
self	O
medicate	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
observations	O
were	O
within	O
normal	O
limits	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
administered	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
via	O
a	O
face	O
mask	O
and	O
glyceryl	B-Chemical
trinitrate	I-Chemical
(	O
GTN	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Several	O
minutes	O
after	O
the	O
GTN	B-Chemical
the	O
patient	O
experienced	O
a	O
sudden	O
drop	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
this	O
was	O
rectified	O
by	O
atropine	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
and	O
a	O
fluid	O
challenge	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
further	O
deterioration	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
condition	O
during	O
transport	O
to	O
hospital	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
very	O
few	O
documented	O
case	O
like	O
this	O
in	O
the	O
prehospital	O
scientific	O
literature	O
.	O

The	O
cause	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
Bezold	O
-	O
Jarish	O
reflex	O
,	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
ventricular	O
walls	O
which	O
in	O
turn	O
decreases	O
sympathetic	O
outflow	O
from	O
the	O
vasomotor	O
centre	O
.	O

Prehospital	O
care	O
providers	O
who	O
are	O
managing	O
any	O
patient	O
with	O
a	O
syncopal	B-Disease
episode	I-Disease
that	O
fails	O
to	O
recover	O
within	O
a	O
reasonable	O
time	O
frame	O
should	O
consider	O
the	O
Bezold	O
-	O
Jarisch	O
reflex	O
as	O
the	O
cause	O
and	O
manage	O
the	O
patient	O
accordingly	O
.	O

Chronic	O
lesion	O
of	O
rostral	O
ventrolateral	O
medulla	O
in	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
chronic	O
selective	O
neuronal	O
lesion	O
of	O
rostral	O
ventrolateral	O
medulla	O
on	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
neurogenic	O
tone	O
in	O
conscious	O
,	O
unrestrained	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

The	O
lesions	O
were	O
placed	O
via	O
bilateral	O
microinjections	O
of	O
30	O
nmol	O
/	O
200	O
nl	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
restimulation	O
of	O
this	O
area	O
with	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
15	O
days	O
postlesion	O
failed	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
pressor	O
response	O
.	O

One	O
day	O
postlesion	O
,	O
the	O
resting	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
was	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
in	O
lesioned	O
rats	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
sham	O
rats	O
(	O
100	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
versus	O
173	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Fifteen	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
lesioned	O
group	O
still	O
showed	O
values	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
the	O
sham	O
group	O
(	O
150	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
versus	O
167	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
heart	O
rate	O
differences	O
were	O
observed	O
between	O
the	O
sham	O
and	O
lesioned	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
ganglionic	O
blocker	O
trimethaphan	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
caused	O
similar	O
reductions	O
in	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
in	O
both	O
lesioned	O
and	O
sham	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
trimethaphan	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
accompanied	O
by	O
a	O
significant	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
in	O
lesioned	O
rats	O
(	O
-	O
32	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
beats	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
but	O
a	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
sham	O
rats	O
(	O
+	O
33	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
beats	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
1	O
day	O
postlesion	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
rostral	O
ventrolateral	O
medulla	O
neurons	O
appear	O
to	O
play	O
a	O
significant	O
role	O
in	O
maintaining	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

Spinal	O
or	O
suprabulbar	O
structures	O
could	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
gradual	O
recovery	O
of	O
the	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
lesioned	O
rats	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
and	O
cerebral	B-Disease
vasospasm	I-Disease
after	O
multiagent	O
chemotherapy	O
including	O
PEG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
asparaginase	I-Chemical
and	O
intrathecal	O
cytarabine	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
7	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
with	O
an	O
unusual	O
reaction	O
to	O
induction	O
chemotherapy	O
for	O
precursor	O
B	O
-	O
cell	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
(	O
ALL	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
evidenced	O
by	O
behavioral	O
changes	O
,	O
aphasia	B-Disease
,	O
incontinence	B-Disease
,	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
right	O
-	O
sided	O
weakness	B-Disease
with	O
diffuse	O
cerebral	B-Disease
vasospasm	I-Disease
on	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
angiography	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
intrathecal	O
cytarabine	B-Chemical
.	O

Vincristine	B-Chemical
,	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
polyethylene	B-Chemical
glycol	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
asparaginase	I-Chemical
were	O
also	O
administered	O
before	O
the	O
episode	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
induction	O
therapy	O
.	O

Neurologic	O
status	O
returned	O
to	O
baseline	O
within	O
10	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
acute	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
angiography	O
findings	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
4	O
months	O
later	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
/	O
hydrochlorothiazide	B-Chemical
combination	O
therapy	O
at	O
doses	O
up	O
to	O
320	O
/	O
25	O
mg	O
versus	O
monotherapy	O
:	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
study	O
followed	O
by	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
combination	O
therapy	O
in	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
adults	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
One	O
third	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
for	O
hypertension	B-Disease
attain	O
adequate	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
control	O
,	O
and	O
multidrug	O
regimens	O
are	O
often	O
required	O
.	O

Given	O
the	O
lifelong	O
nature	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
need	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
efficacy	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
higher	O
doses	O
of	O
combination	O
anti	O
-	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
therapies	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
investigated	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
valsartan	B-Chemical
(	O
VAL	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
hydrochlorothiazide	B-Chemical
(	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
monotherapy	O
and	O
higher	O
-	O
dose	O
combinations	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
essential	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
first	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
an	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
,	O
multicenter	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
controlled	O
,	O
parallel	O
-	O
group	O
trial	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
essential	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
(	O
mean	O
sitting	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
[	O
MSDBP	O
]	O
,	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
95	O
mm	O
Hg	O
and	O
<	O
110	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
1	O
of	O
8	O
treatment	O
groups	O
:	O
VAL	B-Chemical
160	O
or	O
320	O
mg	O
;	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
12	O
.	O
5	O
or	O
25	O
mg	O
;	O
VAL	B-Chemical
/	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
160	O
/	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
320	O
/	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
or	O
320	O
/	O
25	O
mg	O
;	O
or	O
placebo	O
.	O

Mean	O
changes	O
in	O
MSDBP	O
and	O
mean	O
sitting	O
systolic	O
BP	O
(	O
MSSBP	O
)	O
were	O
analyzed	O
at	O
the	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
core	O
study	O
end	O
point	O
.	O

VAL	B-Chemical
/	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
320	O
/	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
320	O
/	O
25	O
mg	O
were	O
further	O
investigated	O
in	O
a	O
54	O
-	O
week	O
,	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
extension	O
.	O

Response	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
MSDBP	O
<	O
90	O
mm	O
Hg	O
or	O
a	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
10	O
mm	O
Hg	O
decrease	O
compared	O
to	O
baseline	O
.	O

Control	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
MSDBP	O
<	O
90	O
mm	O
Hg	O
compared	O
with	O
baseline	O
.	O

Tolerability	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
monitoring	O
adverse	O
events	O
at	O
randomization	O
and	O
all	O
subsequent	O
study	O
visits	O
and	O
regular	O
evaluation	O
of	O
hematology	O
and	O
blood	O
chemistry	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
1346	O
patients	O
were	O
randomized	O
into	O
the	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
core	O
study	O
(	O
734	O
men	O
,	O
612	O
women	O
;	O
924	O
white	O
,	O
291	O
black	O
,	O
23	O
Asian	O
,	O
108	O
other	O
;	O
mean	O
age	O
,	O
52	O
.	O
7	O
years	O
;	O
mean	O
weight	O
,	O
92	O
.	O
6	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
active	O
treatments	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
MSSBP	O
and	O
MSDBP	O
during	O
the	O
core	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
study	O
,	O
with	O
each	O
monotherapy	O
significantly	O
contributing	O
to	O
the	O
overall	O
effect	O
of	O
combination	O
therapy	O
(	O
VAL	B-Chemical
and	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Each	O
combination	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
significantly	O
greater	O
reductions	O
in	O
MSSBP	O
and	O
MSDBP	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
monotherapies	O
and	O
placebo	O
(	O
all	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
reduction	O
in	O
MSSBP	O
/	O
MSDBP	O
with	O
VAL	B-Chemical
/	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
320	O
/	O
25	O
mg	O
was	O
24	O
.	O
7	O
/	O
16	O
.	O
6	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
5	O
.	O
9	O
/	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
mm	O
Hg	O
with	O
placebo	O
.	O

The	O
reduction	O
in	O
MSSBP	O
was	O
significantly	O
greater	O
with	O
VAL	B-Chemical
/	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
320	O
/	O
25	O
mg	O
compared	O
with	O
VAL	B-Chemical
/	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
160	O
/	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

Rates	O
of	O
response	O
and	O
BP	O
control	O
were	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
received	O
combination	O
treatment	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
that	O
received	O
monotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
was	O
lower	O
with	O
VAL	B-Chemical
/	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
combinations	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
with	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
monotherapies	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
-	O
13	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
in	O
the	O
core	O
study	O
were	O
of	O
mild	O
to	O
moderate	O
severity	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
VAL	B-Chemical
/	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
combinations	O
were	O
maintained	O
during	O
the	O
extension	O
(	O
797	O
patients	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
study	O
population	O
,	O
combination	O
therapies	O
with	O
VAL	B-Chemical
/	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
were	O
associated	O
with	O
significantly	O
greater	O
BP	O
reductions	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
monotherapy	O
,	O
were	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
less	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
than	O
HCTZ	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

Succimer	B-Chemical
chelation	O
improves	O
learning	O
,	O
attention	O
,	O
and	O
arousal	O
regulation	O
in	O
lead	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
rats	O
but	O
produces	O
lasting	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
lead	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
There	O
is	O
growing	O
pressure	O
for	O
clinicians	O
to	O
prescribe	O
chelation	O
therapy	O
at	O
only	O
slightly	O
elevated	O
blood	O
lead	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
very	O
few	O
studies	O
have	O
evaluated	O
whether	O
chelation	O
improves	O
cognitive	O
outcomes	O
in	O
Pb	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
children	O
,	O
or	O
whether	O
these	O
agents	O
have	O
adverse	O
effects	O
that	O
may	O
affect	O
brain	O
development	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
Pb	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
answer	O
these	O
questions	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
rodent	O
model	O
of	O
early	O
childhood	O
Pb	B-Chemical
exposure	O
and	O
treatment	O
with	O
succimer	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
widely	O
used	O
chelating	O
agent	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
Pb	B-Disease
poisoning	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Pb	B-Chemical
exposure	O
produced	O
lasting	O
impairments	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
attention	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
inhibitory	I-Disease
control	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
arousal	I-Disease
regulation	I-Disease
,	O
paralleling	O
the	O
areas	O
of	O
dysfunction	O
seen	O
in	O
Pb	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
children	O
.	O

Succimer	B-Chemical
treatment	O
of	O
the	O
Pb	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
rats	O
significantly	O
improved	O
learning	O
,	O
attention	O
,	O
and	O
arousal	O
regulation	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
varied	O
as	O
a	O
function	O
of	O
the	O
Pb	B-Chemical
exposure	O
level	O
and	O
the	O
specific	O
functional	O
deficit	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
succimer	B-Chemical
treatment	O
of	O
rats	O
not	O
previously	O
exposed	O
to	O
Pb	B-Chemical
produced	O
lasting	O
and	O
pervasive	O
cognitive	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
affective	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
comparable	O
in	O
magnitude	O
to	O
that	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
higher	O
Pb	B-Chemical
exposure	O
regimen	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
are	O
the	O
first	O
data	O
,	O
to	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
to	O
show	O
that	O
treatment	O
with	O
any	O
chelating	O
agent	O
can	O
alleviate	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
Pb	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
possible	O
to	O
identify	O
a	O
succimer	B-Chemical
treatment	O
protocol	O
that	O
improves	O
cognitive	O
outcomes	O
in	O
Pb	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
children	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
they	O
also	O
suggest	O
that	O
succimer	B-Chemical
treatment	O
should	O
be	O
strongly	O
discouraged	O
for	O
children	O
who	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
elevated	O
tissue	O
levels	O
of	O
Pb	B-Chemical
or	O
other	O
heavy	O
metals	O
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
challenge	O
test	O
in	O
panic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
and	O
depression	B-Disease
with	O
panic	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
.	O

Our	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
observe	O
if	O
patients	O
with	O
panic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
patients	O
with	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
with	O
panic	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
(	O
MDP	B-Disease
)	O
(	O
Diagnostic	O
and	O
Statistical	O
Manual	O
of	O
Mental	B-Disease
Disorders	I-Disease
,	O
Fourth	O
Edition	O
criteria	O
)	O
respond	O
in	O
a	O
similar	O
way	O
to	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
panic	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
by	O
an	O
oral	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
challenge	O
test	O
.	O

We	O
randomly	O
selected	O
29	O
patients	O
with	O
PD	B-Disease
,	O
27	O
with	O
MDP	B-Disease
,	O
25	O
with	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
without	O
panic	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
(	O
MD	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
and	O
28	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
had	O
no	O
psychotropic	O
drug	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
a	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
period	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
experiment	O
performed	O
in	O
2	O
occasions	O
7	O
days	O
apart	O
,	O
480	O
mg	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
and	O
a	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
free	O
(	O
placebo	O
)	O
solution	O
were	O
administered	O
in	O
a	O
coffee	O
form	O
and	O
anxiety	B-Disease
scales	O
were	O
applied	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
each	O
test	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
58	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
17	O
)	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
PD	B-Disease
,	O
44	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
MDP	B-Disease
,	O
12	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
3	O
)	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
MD	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
)	O
of	O
control	O
subjects	O
had	O
a	O
panic	B-Disease
attack	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
480	O
-	O
mg	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
challenge	O
test	O
(	O
chi	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
=	O
16	O
.	O
22	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
with	O
PD	B-Disease
and	O
MDP	B-Disease
were	O
more	O
sensitive	O
to	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
than	O
were	O
patients	O
with	O
MD	B-Disease
and	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
.	O

No	O
panic	B-Disease
attack	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
after	O
the	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
free	O
solution	O
intake	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
with	O
MD	B-Disease
had	O
a	O
lower	O
heart	O
rate	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
than	O
all	O
the	O
other	O
groups	O
(	O
2	O
-	O
way	O
analysis	O
of	O
variance	O
,	O
group	O
by	O
time	O
interaction	O
with	O
Greenhouse	O
-	O
Geisser	O
correction	O
:	O
F	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
762	O
)	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
85	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
026	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
association	O
between	O
panic	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
,	O
no	O
matter	O
if	O
associated	O
with	O
PD	B-Disease
or	O
MDP	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hyperreactivity	O
to	O
an	O
oral	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
challenge	O
test	O
.	O

Mitral	O
annuloplasty	O
as	O
a	O
ventricular	O
restoration	O
method	O
for	O
the	O
failing	B-Disease
left	I-Disease
ventricle	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
pilot	O
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
AIM	O
OF	O
THE	O
STUDY	O
:	O
Undersized	O
mitral	O
annuloplasty	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
is	O
effective	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
and	O
functional	O
mitral	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
(	O
MR	B-Disease
)	O
since	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
addressing	O
the	O
MR	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
MAP	O
may	O
also	O
reshape	O
the	O
dilated	O
left	O
ventricular	O
(	O
LV	O
)	O
base	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
direct	O
benefits	O
of	O
this	O
possible	O
reshaping	O
on	O
LV	O
function	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
underlying	O
MR	B-Disease
remain	O
incompletely	O
understood	O
.	O

The	O
study	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
identify	O
these	O
benefits	O
in	O
a	O
canine	O
model	O
of	O
acute	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Six	O
dogs	O
underwent	O
MAP	O
with	O
a	O
prosthetic	O
band	O
on	O
the	O
posterior	O
mitral	O
annulus	O
,	O
using	O
four	O
mattress	O
sutures	O
.	O

The	O
sutures	O
were	O
passed	O
individually	O
through	O
four	O
tourniquets	O
and	O
exteriorized	O
untied	O
via	O
the	O
left	O
atriotomy	O
.	O

Sonomicrometry	O
crystals	O
were	O
implanted	O
around	O
the	O
mitral	O
annulus	O
and	O
left	O
ventricle	O
to	O
measure	O
geometry	O
and	O
regional	O
function	O
.	O

Acute	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
volume	O
loading	O
after	O
weaning	O
from	O
cardiopulmonary	O
bypass	O
;	O
an	O
absence	O
of	O
MR	B-Disease
was	O
confirmed	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

MAP	O
was	O
accomplished	O
by	O
cinching	O
the	O
tourniquets	O
.	O

Data	O
were	O
acquired	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
after	O
induction	O
of	O
acute	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
after	O
MAP	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
MAP	O
decreased	O
mitral	O
annular	O
dimensions	O
in	O
both	O
commissure	O
-	O
commissure	O
and	O
septal	O
-	O
lateral	O
directions	O
.	O

Concomitantly	O
,	O
the	O
diastolic	O
diameter	O
of	O
the	O
LV	O
base	O
and	O
LV	O
sphericity	O
decreased	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
improved	O
)	O
from	O
37	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
3	O
to	O
35	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
mm	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
063	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
from	O
67	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
18	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
65	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
016	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Decreases	O
were	O
evident	O
in	O
both	O
LV	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
(	O
from	O
17	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
to	O
15	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
mmHg	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0480	O
and	O
Tau	O
(	O
from	O
48	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
to	O
45	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
ms	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
fractional	O
shortening	O
at	O
the	O
LV	O
base	O
increased	O
from	O
7	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
to	O
9	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
045	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
MAP	O
,	O
increases	O
were	O
identified	O
in	O
both	O
cardiac	O
output	O
(	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
54	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
57	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
65	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
57	O
1	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
and	O
Emax	O
(	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
86	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
41	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
31	O
mmHg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
data	O
acquired	O
suggest	O
that	O
isolated	O
MAP	O
may	O
have	O
certain	O
benefits	O
on	O
LV	O
dimension	O
/	O
function	O
in	O
acute	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
even	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
MR	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
further	O
investigations	O
are	O
warranted	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
chronic	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Piperacillin	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
tazobactam	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizure	B-Disease
rapidly	O
reversed	O
by	O
high	O
flux	O
hemodialysis	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
on	O
peritoneal	O
dialysis	O
.	O

Despite	O
popular	O
use	O
of	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
dire	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
still	O
goes	O
unrecognized	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
a	O
delay	O
in	O
appropriate	O
management	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
receiving	O
continuous	O
ambulatory	O
peritoneal	O
dialysis	O
(	O
CAPD	O
)	O
,	O
who	O
developed	O
slurred	O
speech	O
,	O
tremor	B-Disease
,	O
bizarre	O
behavior	O
,	O
progressive	O
mental	O
confusion	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
2	O
episodes	O
of	O
generalized	O
tonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
(	O
GTCS	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
5	O
doses	O
of	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
tazobactam	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
250	O
mg	O
)	O
were	O
given	O
for	O
bronchiectasis	B-Disease
with	O
secondary	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
laboratory	O
data	O
revealed	O
normal	O
plasma	O
electrolyte	O
and	O
ammonia	B-Chemical
levels	O
but	O
leukocytosis	B-Disease
.	O

Neurologic	O
examinations	O
showed	O
dysarthria	B-Disease
and	O
bilateral	O
Babinski	O
sign	O
.	O

Computed	O
tomography	O
of	O
brain	O
and	O
electroencephalogram	O
were	O
unremarkable	O
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
antiepileptic	O
agents	O
,	O
another	O
GTCS	B-Disease
episode	O
recurred	O
after	O
the	O
sixth	O
dose	O
of	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
tazobactam	I-Chemical
.	O

Brain	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
did	O
not	O
demonstrate	O
acute	O
infarction	B-Disease
and	O
organic	B-Disease
brain	I-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
.	O

Initiation	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
flux	O
hemodialysis	O
rapidly	O
reversed	O
the	O
neurologic	O
symptoms	O
within	O
4	O
hours	O
.	O

Piperacillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
any	O
uremic	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
unexplained	O
neurological	O
manifestations	O
.	O

CAPD	O
is	O
inefficient	O
in	O
removing	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
hemodialysis	O
can	O
rapidly	O
terminate	O
the	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Frequency	O
of	O
transient	O
ipsilateral	O
vocal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
carotid	O
endarterectomy	O
under	O
local	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Especially	O
because	O
of	O
improvements	O
in	O
clinical	O
neurologic	O
monitoring	O
,	O
carotid	O
endarterectomy	O
done	O
under	O
local	O
anesthesia	O
has	O
become	O
the	O
technique	O
of	O
choice	O
in	O
several	O
centers	O
.	O

Temporary	O
ipsilateral	O
vocal	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
palsies	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
have	O
been	O
described	O
,	O
however	O
.	O

Such	O
complications	O
are	O
most	O
important	O
in	O
situations	O
where	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
contralateral	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
local	O
anesthesia	O
on	O
vocal	O
cord	O
function	O
to	O
better	O
understand	O
its	O
possible	O
consequences	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
prospective	O
study	O
included	O
28	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
carotid	O
endarterectomy	O
under	O
local	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

Vocal	O
cord	O
function	O
was	O
evaluated	O
before	O
,	O
during	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
surgery	O
(	O
postoperative	O
day	O
1	O
)	O
using	O
flexible	O
laryngoscopy	O
.	O

Anesthesia	O
was	O
performed	O
by	O
injecting	O
20	O
to	O
40	O
mL	O
of	O
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
acting	O
(	O
ropivacaine	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
short	O
-	O
acting	O
(	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
)	O
anesthetic	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
patients	O
had	O
normal	O
vocal	O
cord	O
function	O
preoperatively	O
.	O

Twelve	O
patients	O
(	O
43	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
intraoperative	O
ipsilateral	O
vocal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
resolved	O
in	O
all	O
cases	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
operating	O
time	O
or	O
volume	O
or	O
frequency	O
of	O
anesthetic	O
administration	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
temporary	O
vocal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
those	O
without	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Local	O
anesthesia	O
led	O
to	O
temporary	O
ipsilateral	O
vocal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
in	O
almost	O
half	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

Because	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
paralysis	B-Disease
is	O
of	O
a	O
relevant	O
frequency	O
(	O
up	O
to	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
preoperative	O
evaluation	O
of	O
vocal	O
cord	O
function	O
before	O
carotid	O
endarterectomy	O
under	O
local	O
anesthesia	O
is	O
recommended	O
to	O
avoid	O
intraoperative	O
bilateral	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
preoperative	O
contralateral	O
vocal	B-Disease
cord	I-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
,	O
surgery	O
under	O
general	O
anesthesia	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
.	O

Impaired	B-Disease
fear	I-Disease
recognition	I-Disease
in	O
regular	O
recreational	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
The	O
ability	O
to	O
read	O
facial	O
expressions	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
normal	O
human	O
social	O
interaction	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
conduct	O
the	O
first	O
investigation	O
of	O
facial	O
expression	O
recognition	O
performance	O
in	O
recreational	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Three	O
groups	O
,	O
comprised	O
of	O
21	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
naive	O
participants	O
(	O
CN	O
)	O
,	O
30	O
occasional	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
OC	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
48	O
regular	O
recreational	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
RC	O
)	O
users	O
,	O
were	O
compared	O
.	O

An	O
emotional	O
facial	O
expression	O
(	O
EFE	O
)	O
task	O
consisting	O
of	O
a	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
face	O
expressing	O
six	O
basic	O
emotions	O
(	O
happiness	O
,	O
surprise	O
,	O
sadness	O
,	O
anger	O
,	O
fear	O
,	O
and	O
disgust	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
.	O

Mean	O
percent	O
accuracy	O
and	O
latencies	O
for	O
correct	O
responses	O
across	O
eight	O
presentations	O
of	O
each	O
basic	O
emotion	O
were	O
derived	O
.	O

Participants	O
were	O
also	O
assessed	O
with	O
the	O
"	O
Eyes	O
task	O
"	O
to	O
investigate	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
recognize	O
more	O
complex	O
emotional	O
states	O
and	O
the	O
Symptom	O
CheckList	O
-	O
90	O
-	O
Revised	O
to	O
measure	O
psychopathology	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
There	O
were	O
no	O
group	O
differences	O
in	O
psychopathology	O
or	O
"	O
eyes	O
task	O
"	O
performance	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
RC	O
group	O
,	O
who	O
otherwise	O
had	O
similar	O
illicit	O
substance	O
use	O
histories	O
to	O
the	O
OC	O
group	O
,	O
exhibited	O
impaired	B-Disease
fear	I-Disease
recognition	I-Disease
accuracy	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
OC	O
and	O
CN	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
RC	O
group	O
also	O
correctly	O
identified	O
anger	O
,	O
fear	O
,	O
happiness	O
,	O
and	O
surprise	O
,	O
more	O
slowly	O
than	O
CN	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
OC	O
participants	O
.	O

The	O
OC	O
group	O
was	O
slower	O
than	O
CN	O
when	O
correctly	O
identifying	O
disgust	O
.	O

The	O
selective	O
deficit	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
fear	I-Disease
recognition	I-Disease
accuracy	O
manifested	O
by	O
the	O
RC	O
group	O
cannot	O
be	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
subacute	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
,	O
because	O
recent	O
and	O
less	O
recent	O
users	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
within	O
this	O
group	O
were	O
similarly	O
impaired	O
.	O

Possible	O
parallels	O
between	O
RC	O
users	O
and	O
psychopaths	B-Disease
with	O
respect	O
to	O
impaired	B-Disease
fear	I-Disease
recognition	I-Disease
,	O
amygdala	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
etiology	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Damage	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
substantia	I-Disease
nigra	I-Disease
pars	I-Disease
reticulata	I-Disease
during	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
:	O
immunohistochemical	O
study	O
of	O
neurons	O
,	O
astrocytes	O
and	O
serum	O
-	O
protein	O
extravasation	O
.	O

The	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
has	O
a	O
gating	O
function	O
controlling	O
the	O
spread	O
of	O
epileptic	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
activity	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
in	O
models	O
of	O
prolonged	B-Disease
status	I-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
the	O
pars	O
reticulata	O
of	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
(	O
SNR	O
)	O
suffers	O
from	O
a	O
massive	O
lesion	O
which	O
may	O
arise	O
from	O
a	O
massive	O
metabolic	B-Disease
derangement	I-Disease
and	O
hyperexcitation	O
developing	O
in	O
the	O
activated	O
SNR	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
systemic	O
injection	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
neuropathology	O
of	O
SNR	O
was	O
investigated	O
using	O
immunohistochemical	O
techniques	O
with	O
the	O
major	O
emphasis	O
on	O
the	O
time	O
-	O
course	O
of	O
changes	O
in	O
neurons	O
and	O
astrocytes	O
.	O

Animals	O
surviving	O
20	O
,	O
30	O
,	O
40	O
,	O
60	O
min	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
6	O
hours	O
,	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
days	O
after	O
induction	O
of	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
were	O
perfusion	O
-	O
fixed	O
,	O
and	O
brains	O
processed	O
for	O
immunohistochemical	O
staining	O
of	O
SNR	O
.	O

Nissl	O
-	O
staining	O
and	O
antibodies	O
against	O
the	O
neuron	O
-	O
specific	O
calcium	B-Chemical
-	O
binding	O
protein	O
,	O
parvalbumin	O
,	O
served	O
to	O
detect	O
neuronal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
SNR	O
.	O

Antibodies	O
against	O
the	O
astroglia	O
-	O
specific	O
cytoskeletal	O
protein	O
,	O
glial	O
fibrillary	O
acidic	O
protein	O
(	O
GFAP	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
against	O
the	O
glial	O
calcium	B-Chemical
-	O
binding	O
protein	O
,	O
S	O
-	O
100	O
protein	O
,	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
status	O
of	O
astrocytes	O
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
staining	O
for	O
serum	O
-	O
albumin	O
and	O
immunoglobulins	O
in	O
brain	O
tissue	O
was	O
taken	O
as	O
indicator	O
of	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
disturbances	O
and	O
vasogenic	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
formation	O
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
staining	O
indicated	O
loss	O
of	O
GFAP	O
-	O
staining	O
already	O
at	O
30	O
min	O
after	O
induction	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
an	O
oval	O
focus	O
situated	O
in	O
the	O
center	O
of	O
SNR	O
while	O
sparing	O
medial	O
and	O
lateral	O
aspects	O
.	O

At	O
1	O
h	O
there	O
was	O
additional	O
vacuolation	O
in	O
S	O
-	O
100	O
protein	O
staining	O
.	O

By	O
2	O
hours	O
,	O
parvalbumin	O
-	O
staining	O
changed	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
SNR	O
indicating	O
neuronal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
Nissl	O
-	O
staining	O
visualized	O
some	O
neuronal	O
distortion	O
.	O

Staining	O
for	O
serum	O
-	O
proteins	O
occurred	O
in	O
a	O
patchy	O
manner	O
throughout	O
the	O
forebrain	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
hours	O
.	O

By	O
6	O
h	O
,	O
vasogenic	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
covered	O
the	O
lesioned	B-Disease
SNR	I-Disease
.	O

By	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
glial	O
and	O
neuronal	O
markers	O
indicated	O
a	O
massive	O
lesion	O
in	O
the	O
center	O
of	O
SNR	O
.	O

By	O
48	O
-	O
72	O
h	O
,	O
astrocytes	O
surrounding	O
the	O
lesion	O
increased	O
in	O
size	O
,	O
and	O
polymorphic	O
phagocytotic	O
cells	O
invaded	O
the	O
damaged	O
area	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
further	O
group	O
of	O
animals	O
surviving	O
1	O
to	O
5	O
days	O
,	O
conventional	O
paraffin	O
-	O
sections	O
confirmed	O
the	O
neuronal	O
and	O
glial	O
damage	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
SNR	I-Disease
.	O

Additional	O
pathology	O
of	O
similar	O
quality	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
globus	O
pallidus	O
.	O

Since	O
astrocytes	O
were	O
always	O
damaged	O
in	O
parallel	O
with	O
neurons	O
in	O
SNR	O
it	O
is	O
proposed	O
that	O
the	O
anatomical	O
and	O
functional	O
interrelationship	O
between	O
neurons	O
and	O
astrocytes	O
is	O
particularly	O
tight	O
in	O
SNR	O
.	O

Both	O
cell	O
elements	O
may	O
suffer	O
in	O
common	O
from	O
metabolic	O
disturbance	O
and	O
neurotransmitter	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
as	O
occur	O
during	O
massive	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

Neuroprotective	O
effects	O
of	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
upon	O
the	O
offspring	O
cerebellar	O
cortex	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cortical	B-Disease
dysplasia	I-Disease
.	O

Cortical	B-Disease
dysplasia	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
malformation	O
characterized	O
by	O
defects	O
in	O
proliferation	O
,	O
migration	O
and	O
maturation	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
alterations	O
in	O
offspring	O
rat	O
cerebellum	O
induced	O
by	O
maternal	O
exposure	O
to	O
carmustine	B-Chemical
-	O
[	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bis	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloroethyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitrosoure	I-Chemical
]	O
(	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
exogenous	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
upon	O
cerebellar	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cortical	B-Disease
dysplasia	I-Disease
,	O
using	O
histological	O
and	O
biochemical	O
analyses	O
.	O

Pregnant	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
assigned	O
to	O
five	O
groups	O
:	O
intact	O
-	O
control	O
,	O
saline	O
-	O
control	O
,	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
,	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
and	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
plus	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
exposed	O
to	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
on	O
embryonic	O
day	O
15	O
and	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
until	O
delivery	O
.	O

Immuno	O
/	O
histochemistry	O
and	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
were	O
carried	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
offspring	O
cerebellum	O
,	O
and	O
levels	O
of	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
and	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
were	O
determined	O
.	O

Histopathologically	O
,	O
typical	O
findings	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
cerebella	O
from	O
the	O
control	O
groups	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
findings	O
consistent	O
with	O
early	O
embryonic	O
development	O
were	O
noted	O
in	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
cortical	B-Disease
dysplasia	I-Disease
group	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
marked	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
TUNEL	O
positive	O
cells	O
and	O
nestin	O
positive	O
cells	O
in	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
group	O
,	O
but	O
a	O
decreased	O
immunoreactivity	O
to	O
glial	O
fibrillary	O
acidic	O
protein	O
,	O
synaptophysin	O
and	O
transforming	O
growth	O
factor	O
beta1	O
was	O
observed	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
delayed	O
maturation	O
,	O
and	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reversed	O
these	O
changes	O
.	O

Malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
level	O
in	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
group	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
those	O
in	O
control	O
groups	O
and	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
decreased	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
levels	O
between	O
these	O
groups	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
exposure	O
of	O
animals	O
to	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
during	O
pregnancy	O
leads	O
to	O
delayed	O
maturation	O
of	O
offspring	O
cerebellum	O
and	O
melatonin	B-Chemical
protects	O
the	O
cerebellum	O
against	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
.	O

Reduced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
given	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxypropyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
methacrylamide	I-Chemical
conjugates	O
:	O
and	O
experimental	O
study	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

A	O
rat	O
model	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
general	O
acute	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
late	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
given	O
either	O
as	O
free	O
drug	O
or	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
three	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxypropyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
methacrylamide	I-Chemical
(	O
HPMA	B-Chemical
)	O
copolymer	O
conjugates	O
.	O

In	O
these	O
HPMA	B-Chemical
copolymers	O
,	O
DOX	B-Chemical
was	O
covalently	O
bound	O
via	O
peptide	O
linkages	O
that	O
were	O
either	O
non	O
-	O
biodegradable	O
(	O
Gly	O
-	O
Gly	O
)	O
or	O
degradable	O
by	O
lysosomal	O
proteinases	O
(	O
Gly	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Phe	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Leu	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Gly	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
one	O
biodegradable	O
conjugate	O
containing	O
galactosamine	B-Chemical
was	O
used	O
;	O
this	O
residue	O
was	O
targeted	O
to	O
the	O
liver	O
.	O

Over	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
administration	O
of	O
free	O
and	O
polymer	O
-	O
bound	O
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
all	O
animals	O
showed	O
a	O
transient	O
reduction	O
in	O
body	O
weight	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
maximal	O
reduction	O
in	O
body	O
weight	O
seen	O
in	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
polymer	O
-	O
bound	O
DOX	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
that	O
observed	O
in	O
those	O
that	O
received	O
free	O
DOX	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
the	O
unmodified	O
parent	O
HPMA	B-Chemical
copolymer	O
and	O
free	O
DOX	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Throughout	O
the	O
study	O
(	O
20	O
weeks	O
)	O
,	O
deaths	O
related	O
to	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
were	O
observed	O
only	O
in	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
either	O
free	O
DOX	B-Chemical
or	O
the	O
mixture	O
of	O
HPMA	B-Chemical
copolymer	O
and	O
free	O
DOX	B-Chemical
;	O
in	O
these	O
cases	O
,	O
histological	O
investigations	O
revealed	O
marked	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
that	O
were	O
consistent	O
with	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Sequential	O
measurements	O
of	O
cardiac	O
output	O
in	O
surviving	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
either	O
free	O
DOX	B-Chemical
or	O
the	O
mixture	O
of	O
HPMA	B-Chemical
copolymer	O
and	O
free	O
DOX	B-Chemical
showed	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
approximately	O
30	O
%	O
in	O
function	O
beginning	O
at	O
the	O
4th	O
week	O
after	O
drug	O
administration	O
.	O

The	O
heart	O
rate	O
in	O
these	O
animals	O
was	O
approximately	O
12	O
%	O
lower	O
than	O
that	O
measured	O
in	O
age	O
-	O
matched	O
control	O
rats	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Animals	O
that	O
were	O
given	O
the	O
HPMA	B-Chemical
copolymer	O
conjugates	O
containing	O
DOX	B-Chemical
exhibited	O
no	O
significant	O
change	O
in	O
cardiac	O
output	O
throughout	O
the	O
study	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
no	O
significant	O
histological	O
change	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
DOX	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
HPMA	B-Chemical
copolymer	O
conjugates	O
and	O
were	O
killed	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
these	O
animals	O
had	O
shown	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
beginning	O
at	O
8	O
weeks	O
after	O
drug	O
administration	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
400	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Corneal	B-Disease
ulcers	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
aerosolized	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
use	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
We	O
report	O
4	O
cases	O
of	O
corneal	B-Disease
ulcers	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
drug	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
these	O
ulcers	B-Disease
and	O
management	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
are	O
also	O
reviewed	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Review	O
of	O
all	O
cases	O
of	O
corneal	B-Disease
ulcers	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
drug	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
seen	O
at	O
our	O
institution	O
from	O
July	O
2006	O
to	O
December	O
2006	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Four	O
patients	O
with	O
corneal	B-Disease
ulcers	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
use	O
were	O
reviewed	O
.	O

All	O
corneal	B-Disease
ulcers	I-Disease
were	O
cultured	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
for	O
intensive	O
topical	O
antibiotic	O
treatment	O
.	O

Each	O
patient	O
received	O
comprehensive	O
health	O
care	O
,	O
including	O
medical	O
and	O
substance	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
consultations	O
.	O

Streptococcal	O
organisms	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
3	O
cases	O
and	O
Capnocytophaga	O
and	O
Brevibacterium	O
casei	O
in	O
1	O
patient	O
.	O

The	O
infections	B-Disease
responded	O
to	O
antibiotic	O
treatment	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
needed	O
a	O
lateral	O
tarsorrhaphy	O
for	O
persistent	O
epithelial	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Aerosolized	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
use	O
can	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
corneal	B-Disease
ulcers	I-Disease
.	O

Drug	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
provides	O
additional	O
challenges	O
for	O
management	O
.	O

Not	O
only	O
treatment	O
of	O
their	O
infections	B-Disease
but	O
also	O
the	O
overall	O
poor	O
health	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
and	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
noncompliance	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
addressed	O
.	O

Comprehensive	O
care	O
may	O
provide	O
the	O
patient	O
the	O
opportunity	O
to	O
discontinue	O
their	O
substance	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
,	O
improve	O
their	O
overall	O
health	O
,	O
and	O
prevent	O
future	O
corneal	O
complications	O
.	O

Topical	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
%	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
in	O
chronic	O
post	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
herpetic	I-Disease
neuralgia	I-Disease
:	O
efficacy	O
,	O
predictors	O
of	O
response	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
course	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
efficacy	O
,	O
time	O
-	O
course	O
of	O
action	O
and	O
predictors	O
of	O
response	O
to	O
topical	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
,	O
39	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	O
post	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
herpetic	I-Disease
neuralgia	I-Disease
(	O
PHN	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
median	O
duration	O
24	O
months	O
,	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
%	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
cream	O
for	O
8	O
weeks	O
.	O

During	O
therapy	O
the	O
patients	O
rated	O
their	O
pain	B-Disease
on	O
a	O
visual	O
analogue	O
scale	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
verbal	O
outcome	O
scale	O
.	O

A	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
investigation	O
was	O
performed	O
10	O
-	O
12	O
months	O
after	O
study	O
onset	O
on	O
the	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
improved	O
.	O

Nineteen	O
patients	O
(	O
48	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
substantially	O
improved	O
after	O
the	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
trial	O
;	O
5	O
(	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
discontinued	O
therapy	O
due	O
to	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
intolerable	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
burning	O
sensations	O
(	O
4	O
)	O
or	O
mastitis	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
;	O
15	O
(	O
38	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
reported	O
no	O
benefit	O
.	O

The	O
decrease	O
in	O
VAS	O
ratings	O
was	O
significant	O
after	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
continuous	O
application	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
responders	O
72	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
were	O
still	O
improved	O
at	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
;	O
only	O
one	O
-	O
third	O
of	O
them	O
had	O
continued	O
application	O
irregularly	O
.	O

Treatment	O
effect	O
was	O
not	O
dependent	O
on	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
age	O
,	O
duration	O
or	O
localization	O
of	O
PHN	B-Disease
(	O
trigeminal	O
involvement	O
was	O
excluded	O
)	O
,	O
sensory	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
or	O
pain	B-Disease
character	O
.	O

Treatment	O
response	O
was	O
not	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
incidence	O
,	O
time	O
-	O
course	O
or	O
severity	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
burning	O
.	O

If	O
confirmed	O
in	O
controlled	O
trials	O
,	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
open	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
randomized	O
study	O
might	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
analgesic	O
effect	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
in	O
PHN	B-Disease
is	O
mediated	O
by	O
both	O
interference	O
with	O
neuropeptide	O
metabolism	O
and	O
morphological	O
changes	O
(	O
perhaps	O
degeneration	O
)	O
of	O
nociceptive	O
afferents	O
.	O

Myo	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
inositol	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
(	O
MIP	B-Chemical
)	O
synthase	O
inhibition	O
:	O
in	O
-	O
vivo	O
study	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
and	O
valproate	B-Chemical
are	O
the	O
prototypic	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
and	O
have	O
diverse	O
structures	O
and	O
targets	O
.	O

Both	O
drugs	O
influence	O
inositol	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
IMPase	O
and	O
valproate	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
MIP	B-Chemical
synthase	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
MIP	B-Chemical
synthase	O
inhibition	O
does	O
not	O
replicate	O
or	O
augment	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
inositol	B-Chemical
sensitive	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
model	O
.	O

This	O
lack	O
of	O
effects	O
may	O
stem	O
from	O
the	O
low	O
contribution	O
of	O
de	O
-	O
novo	O
synthesis	O
to	O
cellular	O
inositol	B-Chemical
supply	O
or	O
to	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
the	O
de	O
-	O
novo	O
synthesis	O
by	O
lithium	B-Chemical
itself	O
.	O

Non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
-	O
associated	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
with	O
granular	O
tubular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
deposits	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
tubulo	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
interstitial	I-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
(	O
ATIN	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
cause	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
resulting	O
from	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
insults	O
,	O
including	O
immune	O
complex	O
-	O
mediated	O
tubulo	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
interstitial	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
drugs	O
such	O
as	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
(	O
NSAIDs	O
)	O
are	O
a	O
far	O
more	O
frequent	O
cause	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
as	O
an	O
entity	O
,	O
ATIN	B-Disease
remains	O
under	O
-	O
diagnosed	O
,	O
as	O
symptoms	O
resolve	O
spontaneously	O
if	O
the	O
medication	O
is	O
stopped	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
a	O
14	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
who	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
2	O
weeks	O
after	O
aortic	O
valve	O
surgery	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
put	O
on	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
following	O
surgery	O
and	O
took	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
for	O
fever	B-Disease
for	O
nearly	O
a	O
week	O
prior	O
to	O
presentation	O
.	O

He	O
then	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
feeling	O
quite	O
ill	O
and	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
blood	B-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
nitrogen	I-Chemical
(	O
BUN	B-Chemical
)	O
concentration	O
of	O
of	O
147	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
of	O
15	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
and	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
of	O
8	O
.	O
7	O
mEq	O
/	O
l	O
.	O

Dialysis	O
was	O
immediately	O
initiated	O
.	O

A	O
kidney	O
biopsy	O
showed	O
inflammatory	O
infiltrate	O
consistent	O
with	O
ATIN	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
tubular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
(	O
TBM	O
)	O
,	O
very	O
intense	O
granular	O
deposits	O
of	O
polyclonal	O
IgG	O
and	O
C3	O
were	O
noted	O
.	O

He	O
needed	O
dialysis	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
and	O
was	O
treated	O
successfully	O
with	O
steroids	B-Chemical
for	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

His	O
renal	O
recovery	O
and	O
disappearance	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
took	O
a	O
year	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
first	O
report	O
of	O
NSAIDs	O
-	O
associated	O
ATIN	B-Disease
,	O
showing	O
deposits	O
of	O
granular	O
immune	O
complex	O
present	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
TBM	O
and	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
glomeruli	O
.	O

Rifampicin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
segmental	O
necrotizing	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
in	O
staphylococcal	B-Disease
endocarditis	I-Disease
.	O

Segmental	O
necrotising	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
complication	O
of	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
for	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
.	O

Changing	O
epidemiology	O
of	O
infections	B-Disease
such	O
as	O
infective	B-Disease
endocarditis	I-Disease
(	O
IE	B-Disease
)	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
for	O
Staphylococcal	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
Staphylococcal	B-Disease
IE	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
a	O
segmental	O
necrotising	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
while	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
review	O
the	O
literature	O
regarding	O
this	O
complication	O
of	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Rate	O
of	O
YMDD	O
motif	O
mutants	O
in	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
untreated	O
Iranian	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Lamivudine	B-Chemical
is	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Recent	O
studies	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
YMDD	O
motif	O
mutants	O
(	O
resistant	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
)	O
occur	O
as	O
natural	O
genome	O
variability	O
in	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
untreated	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
we	O
aimed	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
YMDD	O
motif	O
mutants	O
in	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
untreated	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
patients	O
in	O
Iran	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
77	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
patients	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Serum	O
samples	O
from	O
patients	O
were	O
tested	O
by	O
polymerase	O
chain	O
reaction	O
-	O
restriction	O
fragment	O
length	O
polymorphism	O
(	O
PCR	O
-	O
RFLP	O
)	O
for	O
detection	O
of	O
YMDD	O
motif	O
mutants	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
also	O
tested	O
for	O
liver	O
enzymes	O
,	O
anti	O
-	O
HCV	O
,	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
anti	O
-	O
HBe	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Of	O
the	O
77	O
patients	O
enrolled	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
73	O
%	O
were	O
male	O
and	O
27	O
%	O
were	O
female	O
.	O

Mean	O
ALT	O
and	O
AST	O
levels	O
were	O
124	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
73	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
103	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
81	O
IU	O
/	O
l	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

HBeAg	B-Chemical
was	O
positive	O
in	O
40	O
%	O
and	O
anti	O
-	O
HBe	O
in	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
.	O

Anti	O
-	O
HCV	O
was	O
negative	O
in	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
.	O

YMDD	O
motif	O
mutants	O
were	O
not	O
detected	O
in	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
despite	O
the	O
liver	O
enzyme	O
levels	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
or	O
anti	O
-	O
HBe	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Although	O
the	O
natural	O
occurrence	O
of	O
YMDD	O
motif	O
mutants	O
in	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
untreated	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
,	O
these	O
mutants	O
were	O
not	O
detected	O
in	O
Iranian	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
untreated	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
B	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Branch	O
retinal	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
and	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
branch	O
retinal	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
secondary	O
hypertension	B-Disease
is	O
described	O
.	O

Although	O
an	O
infrequent	O
complication	O
of	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitor	O
therapy	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
that	O
ophthalmologists	O
are	O
aware	O
that	O
these	O
agents	O
can	O
cause	O
hypertension	B-Disease
because	O
this	O
class	O
of	O
drugs	O
is	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
.	O

The	O
differential	O
effects	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
release	O
,	O
cyclooxygenase	O
gene	O
expression	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
clinical	O
pain	B-Disease
model	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
In	O
addition	O
to	O
blocking	O
nociceptive	O
input	O
from	O
surgical	O
sites	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
acting	O
local	O
anesthetics	O
might	O
directly	O
modulate	O
inflammation	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
the	O
proinflammatory	O
effects	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
on	O
local	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E2	I-Chemical
(	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
)	O
production	O
and	O
cyclooxygenase	O
(	O
COX	O
)	O
gene	O
expression	O
that	O
increases	O
postoperative	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
in	O
human	O
subjects	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Subjects	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
114	O
)	O
undergoing	O
extraction	O
of	O
impacted	O
third	O
molars	O
received	O
either	O
2	O
%	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
or	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
before	O
surgery	O
and	O
either	O
rofecoxib	B-Chemical
50	O
mg	O
or	O
placebo	O
orally	O
90	O
min	O
before	O
surgery	O
and	O
for	O
the	O
following	O
48	O
h	O
.	O

Oral	O
mucosal	O
biopsies	O
were	O
taken	O
before	O
surgery	O
and	O
48	O
h	O
after	O
surgery	O
.	O

After	O
extraction	O
,	O
a	O
microdialysis	O
probe	O
was	O
placed	O
at	O
the	O
surgical	O
site	O
for	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
and	O
thromboxane	B-Chemical
B2	I-Chemical
(	O
TXB2	B-Chemical
)	O
measurements	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
/	O
rofecoxib	B-Chemical
group	O
reported	O
significantly	O
less	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
assessed	O
by	O
a	O
visual	O
analog	O
scale	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
other	O
three	O
treatment	O
groups	O
over	O
the	O
first	O
4	O
h	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
/	O
placebo	O
group	O
reported	O
significantly	O
more	O
pain	B-Disease
at	O
24	O
h	O
and	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
levels	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
4	O
h	O
were	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
the	O
other	O
three	O
treatment	O
groups	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
gene	O
expression	O
at	O
48	O
h	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
/	O
placebo	O
group	O
.	O

Thromboxane	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
affected	O
by	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
treatments	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
seen	O
were	O
attributable	O
to	O
inhibition	O
of	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
COX	O
-	O
1	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
stimulates	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
gene	O
expression	O
after	O
tissue	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
higher	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
production	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
after	O
the	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
effect	O
dissipates	O
.	O

p75NTR	O
expression	O
in	O
rat	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
sensory	O
neurons	O
and	O
spinal	O
cord	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
role	O
for	O
nerve	O
growth	O
factor	O
(	O
NGF	O
)	O
in	O
contributing	O
to	O
increased	O
voiding	O
frequency	O
and	O
altered	O
sensation	O
from	O
the	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
expression	O
and	O
regulation	O
of	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
receptors	O
(	O
Trks	O
)	O
in	O
micturition	O
reflexes	O
with	O
urinary	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
inflammation	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
examine	O
the	O
expression	O
and	O
regulation	O
of	O
another	O
receptor	O
known	O
to	O
bind	O
NGF	O
,	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
,	O
after	O
various	O
durations	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
inflammation	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CYP	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

CYP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
increased	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
superficial	O
lateral	O
and	O
medial	O
dorsal	O
horn	O
in	O
L1	O
-	O
L2	O
and	O
L6	O
-	O
S1	O
spinal	O
segments	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
-	O
immunoreactive	O
(	O
-	O
IR	O
)	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
lumbosacral	O
dorsal	O
root	O
ganglia	O
(	O
DRG	O
)	O
also	O
increased	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
with	O
CYP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
(	O
acute	O
,	O
intermediate	O
,	O
and	O
chronic	O
)	O
.	O

Quantitative	O
,	O
real	O
-	O
time	O
polymerase	O
chain	O
reaction	O
also	O
demonstrated	O
significant	O
increases	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
in	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
mRNA	O
in	O
DRG	O
with	O
intermediate	O
and	O
chronic	O
CYP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

Retrograde	O
dye	O
-	O
tracing	O
techniques	O
with	O
Fastblue	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
identify	O
presumptive	O
bladder	O
afferent	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
lumbosacral	O
DRG	O
.	O

In	O
bladder	O
afferent	O
cells	O
in	O
DRG	O
,	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
-	O
IR	O
was	O
also	O
increased	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
with	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
increases	O
in	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
-	O
IR	O
in	O
DRG	O
cell	O
bodies	O
,	O
increases	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
in	O
pericellular	O
(	O
encircling	O
DRG	O
cells	O
)	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
-	O
IR	O
in	O
DRG	O
also	O
increased	O
.	O

Confocal	O
analyses	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
pericellular	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
-	O
IR	O
was	O
not	O
colocalized	O
with	O
the	O
glial	O
marker	O
,	O
glial	O
fibrillary	O
acidic	O
protein	O
(	O
GFAP	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
studies	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
expression	O
in	O
micturition	O
reflexes	O
is	O
present	O
constitutively	O
and	O
modified	O
by	O
bladder	B-Disease
inflammation	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
functional	O
significance	O
of	O
p75	O
(	O
NTR	O
)	O
expression	O
in	O
micturition	O
reflexes	O
remains	O
to	O
be	O
determined	O
.	O

Azathioprine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
suicidal	O
erythrocyte	O
death	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Azathioprine	B-Chemical
is	O
widely	O
used	O
as	O
an	O
immunosuppressive	O
drug	O
.	O

The	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
include	O
anemia	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
attributed	O
to	O
bone	O
marrow	O
suppression	O
.	O

Alternatively	O
,	O
anemia	B-Disease
could	O
result	O
from	O
accelerated	O
suicidal	O
erythrocyte	O
death	O
or	O
eryptosis	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
exposure	O
of	O
phosphatidylserine	B-Chemical
(	O
PS	B-Chemical
)	O
at	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
surface	O
and	O
by	O
cell	O
shrinkage	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
present	O
experiments	O
explored	O
whether	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
influences	O
eryptosis	O
.	O

According	O
to	O
annexin	O
V	O
binding	O
,	O
erythrocytes	O
from	O
patients	O
indeed	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
of	O
PS	B-Chemical
exposure	O
within	O
1	O
week	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
a	O
second	O
series	O
,	O
cytosolic	O
Ca2	B-Chemical
+	O
activity	O
(	O
Fluo3	B-Chemical
fluorescence	O
)	O
,	O
cell	O
volume	O
(	O
forward	O
scatter	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
PS	B-Chemical
-	O
exposure	O
(	O
annexin	O
V	O
binding	O
)	O
were	O
determined	O
by	O
FACS	O
analysis	O
in	O
erythrocytes	O
from	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Exposure	O
to	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
for	O
48	O
hours	O
increased	O
cytosolic	O
Ca2	B-Chemical
+	O
activity	O
and	O
annexin	O
V	O
binding	O
and	O
decreased	O
forward	O
scatter	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
on	O
both	O
annexin	O
V	O
binding	O
and	O
forward	O
scatter	O
was	O
significantly	O
blunted	O
in	O
the	O
nominal	O
absence	O
of	O
extracellular	O
Ca2	B-Chemical
+	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Azathioprine	B-Chemical
triggers	O
suicidal	O
erythrocyte	O
death	O
,	O
an	O
effect	O
presumably	O
contributing	O
to	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
.	O

Levetiracetam	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
adjunct	O
to	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
cats	O
with	O
suspected	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
pharmacokinetics	O
,	O
efficacy	O
,	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
oral	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
administered	O
as	O
an	O
adjunct	O
to	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
cats	O
with	O
poorly	O
controlled	O
suspected	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

DESIGN	O
-	O
Open	O
-	O
label	O
,	O
noncomparative	O
clinical	O
trial	O
.	O

ANIMALS	O
:	O
12	O
cats	O
suspected	O
to	O
have	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
that	O
was	O
poorly	O
controlled	O
with	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
or	O
that	O
had	O
unacceptable	O
adverse	O
effects	O
when	O
treated	O
with	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
.	O

PROCEDURES	O
:	O
Cats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
[	O
9	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
lb	O
]	O
,	O
PO	O
,	O
q	O
8	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
1	O
week	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
serum	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
measured	O
before	O
and	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
and	O
6	O
hours	O
after	O
drug	O
administration	O
,	O
and	O
maximum	O
and	O
minimum	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
and	O
elimination	O
half	O
-	O
life	O
were	O
calculated	O
.	O

Seizure	B-Disease
frequencies	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
treatment	O
were	O
compared	O
,	O
and	O
adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Median	O
maximum	O
serum	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
25	O
.	O
5	O
microg	O
/	O
mL	O
,	O
median	O
minimum	O
serum	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
8	O
.	O
3	O
microg	O
/	O
mL	O
,	O
and	O
median	O
elimination	O
half	O
-	O
life	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
hours	O
.	O

Median	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
prior	O
to	O
treatment	O
with	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
seizures	B-Disease
/	O
mo	O
)	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
median	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
42	O
seizures	B-Disease
/	O
mo	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
7	O
of	O
10	O
cats	O
were	O
classified	O
as	O
having	O
responded	O
to	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
ie	O
,	O
reduction	O
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
of	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
50	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Two	O
cats	O
had	O
transient	O
lethargy	B-Disease
and	O
inappetence	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
AND	O
CLINICAL	O
RELEVANCE	O
:	O
Results	O
suggested	O
that	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
is	O
well	O
tolerated	O
in	O
cats	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
as	O
an	O
adjunct	O
to	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
cats	O
with	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

Serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
,	O
paranoia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
ventral	O
basal	O
ganglia	O
.	O

Antidepressants	O
have	O
previously	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
paranoid	B-Disease
reactions	O
in	O
psychiatric	O
patients	O
.	O

Five	O
cases	O
of	O
paranoid	B-Disease
exacerbation	O
with	O
the	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
amitriptyline	B-Chemical
are	O
reported	O
here	O
.	O

Elements	O
common	O
to	O
these	O
cases	O
included	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
paranoid	B-Disease
symptomatology	O
and	O
the	O
concomitant	O
occurrence	O
of	O
depressive	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
psychotic	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

Complicated	O
depressive	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
(	O
including	O
atypicality	O
of	O
course	O
and	O
symptomatology	O
,	O
chronicity	O
,	O
psychosis	B-Disease
,	O
bipolarity	O
,	O
and	O
secondary	O
onset	O
in	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
a	O
primary	O
psychosis	B-Disease
)	O
may	O
present	O
particular	O
vulnerability	O
to	O
paranoid	B-Disease
exacerbations	O
associated	O
with	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
pharmacology	O
and	O
neurobiology	O
of	O
paranoia	B-Disease
remain	O
cryptic	O
,	O
several	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
including	O
5HT3	O
receptor	O
-	O
mediated	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
release	O
,	O
beta	O
-	O
noradrenergic	O
receptor	O
downregulation	O
,	O
or	O
GABAB	O
receptor	O
upregulation	O
acting	O
in	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
the	O
ventral	O
basal	O
ganglia	O
(	O
possibly	O
in	O
lateral	O
orbitofrontal	O
or	O
anterior	O
cingulate	O
circuits	O
)	O
,	O
might	O
apply	O
to	O
this	O
phenomenon	O
.	O

These	O
cases	O
call	O
attention	O
to	O
possible	O
paranoid	B-Disease
exacerbations	O
with	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
blockers	O
in	O
select	O
patients	O
and	O
raise	O
neurobiological	O
considerations	O
regarding	O
paranoia	B-Disease
.	O

Clinical	O
comparison	O
of	O
cardiorespiratory	O
effects	O
during	O
unilateral	O
and	O
conventional	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
is	O
widely	O
employed	O
in	O
clinical	O
practice	O
but	O
has	O
the	O
main	O
drawback	O
of	O
post	O
-	O
spinal	O
block	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Efforts	O
must	O
therefore	O
continue	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
to	O
obviate	O
this	O
setback	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
and	O
respiratory	O
changes	O
during	O
unilateral	O
and	O
conventional	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
With	O
ethical	O
approval	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
74	O
American	O
Society	O
of	O
Anesthesiologists	O
(	O
ASA	O
)	O
,	O
physical	O
status	O
class	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
patients	O
scheduled	O
for	O
elective	O
unilateral	O
lower	O
limb	O
surgery	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
into	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
groups	O
:	O
lateral	O
and	O
conventional	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
groups	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
lateral	O
position	O
with	O
operative	O
side	O
down	O
,	O
patients	O
recived	O
10	O
mg	O
(	O
2mls	O
)	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
hyperbaric	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
through	O
a	O
25	O
-	O
gauge	O
spinal	O
needle	O
.	O

Patients	O
in	O
the	O
unilateral	O
group	O
were	O
maintained	O
in	O
the	O
lateral	O
position	O
for	O
15	O
minutes	O
following	O
spinal	O
injection	O
while	O
those	O
in	O
the	O
conventional	O
group	O
were	O
turned	O
supine	O
immediately	O
after	O
injection	O
.	O

Blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
respiratory	O
rate	O
and	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
saturation	O
were	O
monitored	O
over	O
1	O
hour	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Three	O
patients	O
(	O
8	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
unilateral	O
group	O
and	O
5	O
(	O
13	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
conventional	O
group	O
developed	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
71	O
.	O

Four	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
conventional	O
group	O
and	O
1	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
unilateral	O
group	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
required	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
to	O
treat	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
in	O
the	O
conventional	O
group	O
had	O
statistically	O
significant	O
greater	O
fall	O
in	O
the	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressures	O
at	O
15	O
,	O
30	O
and	O
45	O
minutes	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
baseline	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
003	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
004	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
respiratory	O
rate	O
and	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
saturations	O
in	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
were	O
similar	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Compared	O
to	O
conventional	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
,	O
unilateral	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
fewer	O
cardiovascular	O
perturbations	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
spinal	O
block	O
instituted	O
affected	O
neither	O
the	O
respiratory	O
rate	O
nor	O
the	O
arterial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
saturation	O
.	O

Spectrum	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
after	O
generic	O
HAART	O
in	O
southern	O
Indian	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
clinically	O
significant	O
adverse	O
events	O
after	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
,	O
fixed	O
-	O
dose	O
,	O
generic	O
highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
use	O
among	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
individuals	O
in	O
South	O
India	O
,	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
experiences	O
of	O
3154	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
individuals	O
who	O
received	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
generic	O
HAART	O
between	O
February	O
1996	O
and	O
December	O
2006	O
at	O
a	O
tertiary	O
HIV	O
care	O
referral	O
center	O
in	O
South	O
India	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
regimens	O
were	O
3TC	B-Chemical
+	O
d4T	B-Chemical
+	O
nevirapine	B-Chemical
(	O
NVP	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
54	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
+	O
3TC	B-Chemical
+	O
NVP	B-Chemical
(	O
14	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
3TC	B-Chemical
+	O
d4T	B-Chemical
+	O
efavirenz	B-Chemical
(	O
EFV	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
20	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
AZT	B-Chemical
+	O
3TC	B-Chemical
+	O
EFV	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
events	O
and	O
median	O
CD4	O
at	O
time	O
of	O
event	O
were	O
rash	B-Disease
(	O
15	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
;	O
CD4	O
,	O
285	O
cells	O
/	O
microL	O
)	O
and	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
(	O
9	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
and	O
348	O
cells	O
/	O
microL	O
)	O
.	O

Clinically	O
significant	O
anemia	B-Disease
(	O
hemoglobin	O
<	O
7	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
(	O
CD4	O
,	O
165	O
cells	O
/	O
microL	O
)	O
and	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
(	O
clinical	O
jaundice	B-Disease
with	O
alanine	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
>	O
5	O
times	O
upper	O
limits	O
of	O
normal	O
)	O
in	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
(	O
CD4	O
,	O
260	O
cells	O
/	O
microL	O
)	O
.	O

Women	O
were	O
significantly	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
experience	O
lactic	B-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
,	O
while	O
men	O
were	O
significantly	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
experience	O
immune	B-Disease
reconstitution	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
1	O
year	O
of	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
,	O
NVP	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
significantly	O
associated	O
with	O
developing	O
rash	B-Disease
and	O
d4T	B-Chemical
therapy	O
with	O
developing	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Anemia	B-Disease
and	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
often	O
occur	O
within	O
12	O
weeks	O
of	O
initiating	O
generic	O
HAART	O
.	O

Frequent	O
and	O
early	O
monitoring	O
for	O
these	O
toxicities	B-Disease
is	O
warranted	O
in	O
developing	O
countries	O
where	O
generic	O
HAART	O
is	O
increasingly	O
available	O
.	O

Thalidomide	B-Chemical
and	O
sensory	B-Disease
neurotoxicity	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
neurophysiological	O
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Recent	O
studies	O
confirmed	O
a	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
sensory	B-Disease
axonal	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
different	O
doses	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
study	O
'	O
s	O
aims	O
were	O
to	O
measure	O
variations	O
in	O
sural	O
nerve	O
sensory	O
action	O
potential	O
(	O
SAP	O
)	O
amplitude	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
refractory	O
cutaneous	B-Disease
lupus	I-Disease
erythematosus	I-Disease
(	O
CLE	B-Disease
)	O
treated	O
with	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
and	O
use	O
these	O
findings	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
potential	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
recovery	O
capacity	O
of	O
sensory	O
fibres	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Clinical	O
and	O
electrophysiological	O
data	O
in	O
12	O
female	O
patients	O
with	O
CLE	B-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
and	O
up	O
to	O
47	O
months	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
treatment	O
were	O
analysed	O
.	O

Sural	O
nerve	O
SAP	O
amplitude	O
reduction	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
40	O
%	O
was	O
the	O
criteria	O
for	O
discontinuing	O
therapy	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
During	O
treatment	O
,	O
11	O
patients	O
showed	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
sural	O
nerve	O
SAP	O
amplitude	O
compared	O
to	O
baseline	O
values	O
(	O
9	O
with	O
a	O
reduction	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
50	O
%	O
and	O
2	O
<	O
50	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
showed	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
SAP	O
amplitude	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
complained	O
of	O
paresthesias	B-Disease
and	O
leg	O
cramps	B-Disease
.	O

After	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
sural	O
SAP	O
amplitude	O
recovered	O
in	O
3	O
patients	O
.	O

At	O
detection	O
of	O
reduction	O
in	O
sural	O
nerve	O
SAP	O
amplitude	O
,	O
the	O
median	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
cumulative	O
dose	O
was	O
21	O
.	O
4	O
g	O
.	O

The	O
threshold	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
dosage	O
is	O
lower	O
than	O
previously	O
reported	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Sural	O
nerve	O
SAP	O
amplitude	O
reduction	O
is	O
a	O
reliable	O
and	O
sensitive	O
marker	O
of	O
degeneration	O
and	O
recovery	O
of	O
sensory	O
fibres	O
.	O

This	O
electrophysiological	O
parameter	O
provides	O
information	O
about	O
subclinical	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
potential	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
but	O
is	O
not	O
helpful	O
in	O
predicting	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
sensory	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Five	O
cases	O
of	O
encephalitis	B-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
of	O
loiasis	B-Disease
with	O
diethylcarbamazine	B-Chemical
.	O

Five	O
cases	O
of	O
encephalitis	B-Disease
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
diethylcarbamazine	B-Chemical
(	O
DEC	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
Congolese	O
patients	O
with	O
Loa	O
loa	O
filariasis	B-Disease
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
had	O
a	O
fatal	O
outcome	O
and	O
one	O
resulted	O
in	O
severe	O
sequelae	O
.	O

The	O
notable	O
fact	O
was	O
that	O
this	O
complication	O
occurred	O
in	O
three	O
patients	O
hospitalized	O
before	O
treatment	O
began	O
,	O
with	O
whom	O
particularly	O
strict	O
therapeutic	O
precautions	O
were	O
taken	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
initial	O
dose	O
less	O
than	O
10	O
mg	O
of	O
DEC	B-Chemical
,	O
very	O
gradual	O
dose	O
increases	O
,	O
and	O
associated	O
anti	O
-	O
allergic	O
treatment	O
.	O

This	O
type	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
complication	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
that	O
uncommon	O
in	O
highly	O
endemic	O
regions	O
.	O

It	O
occurs	O
primarily	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
exclusively	O
,	O
in	O
subjects	O
presenting	O
with	O
a	O
high	O
microfilarial	O
load	O
.	O

The	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
encephalitis	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
microfilaremia	B-Disease
is	O
evident	O
.	O

The	O
pathophysiological	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
discussed	O
in	O
the	O
light	O
of	O
these	O
observations	O
and	O
the	O
few	O
other	O
comments	O
on	O
this	O
subject	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
mass	I-Disease
and	O
unique	O
membranous	B-Disease
glomerulonephritis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
Diagnostic	O
pitfall	O
and	O
new	O
findings	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
anti	O
-	O
arrhythmic	B-Disease
drug	O
for	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
various	O
adverse	O
effects	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

Reported	O
herein	O
is	O
an	O
autopsy	O
case	O
of	O
valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
a	O
lung	B-Disease
mass	I-Disease
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
cm	O
in	O
diameter	O
)	O
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
(	O
2	O
.	O
76	O
g	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
.	O

The	O
lung	B-Disease
mass	I-Disease
was	O
highly	O
suspected	O
to	O
be	O
lung	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
on	O
CT	O
and	O
positron	O
emission	O
tomography	O
,	O
but	O
histologically	O
the	O
lesion	O
was	O
composed	O
of	O
lymphoplasmacytic	O
infiltrates	O
in	O
alveolar	O
walls	O
and	O
intra	O
-	O
alveolar	O
accumulation	O
of	O
foamy	O
macrophages	O
containing	O
characteristic	O
myelinoid	O
bodies	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
an	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
lesion	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
lung	O
tissue	O
had	O
unevenly	O
distributed	O
hemosiderin	B-Disease
deposition	O
,	O
and	O
abnormally	O
tortuous	O
capillaries	O
were	O
seen	O
in	O
the	O
mass	O
and	O
in	O
heavily	O
hemosiderotic	B-Disease
lung	O
portions	O
outside	O
the	O
mass	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
kidneys	O
,	O
glomeruli	O
had	O
membrane	O
spikes	O
,	O
prominent	O
swelling	O
of	O
podocytes	O
and	O
subepithelial	O
deposits	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
sometimes	O
large	O
and	O
hump	O
-	O
like	O
.	O

Autoimmune	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
,	O
viral	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
malignant	O
neoplasms	B-Disease
or	O
other	O
diseases	O
with	O
a	O
known	O
relationship	O
to	O
membranous	B-Disease
glomerulonephritis	I-Disease
were	O
not	O
found	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
case	O
highlights	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
differential	O
diagnosis	O
between	O
an	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
neoplasm	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
very	O
difficult	O
radiologically	O
,	O
and	O
suggests	O
that	O
membranous	B-Disease
glomerulonephritis	I-Disease
might	O
be	O
another	O
possible	O
complication	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Risk	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
initial	O
sulphonylurea	B-Chemical
treatment	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
type	B-Disease
2	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
matched	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

AIMS	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
sought	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
developing	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
CAD	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
initial	O
treatment	O
of	O
type	B-Disease
2	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
with	O
different	O
sulphonylureas	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
type	B-Disease
2	I-Disease
diabetic	I-Disease
patients	O
,	O
cases	O
who	O
developed	O
CAD	B-Disease
were	O
compared	O
retrospectively	O
with	O
controls	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
.	O

The	O
20	O
-	O
year	O
risk	O
of	O
CAD	B-Disease
at	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
diabetes	B-Disease
,	O
using	O
the	O
UKPDS	O
risk	O
engine	O
,	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
match	O
cases	O
with	O
controls	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
76	O
cases	O
of	O
CAD	B-Disease
were	O
compared	O
with	O
152	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
hazard	O
of	O
developing	O
CAD	B-Disease
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
initial	O
treatment	O
increased	O
by	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
004	O
)	O
with	O
glibenclamide	B-Chemical
;	O
2	O
-	O
fold	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
099	O
)	O
with	O
glipizide	B-Chemical
;	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
-	O
fold	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
000	O
)	O
with	O
either	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
unchanged	O
with	O
metformin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
hazard	O
decreased	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
fold	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
385	O
)	O
with	O
glimepiride	B-Chemical
,	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
192	O
)	O
with	O
gliclazide	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
09	O
)	O
with	O
either	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Initiating	O
treatment	O
of	O
type	B-Disease
2	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
with	O
glibenclamide	B-Chemical
or	O
glipizide	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
CAD	B-Disease
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
gliclazide	B-Chemical
or	O
glimepiride	B-Chemical
.	O

If	O
confirmed	O
,	O
this	O
may	O
be	O
important	O
because	O
most	O
Indian	O
patients	O
receive	O
the	O
cheaper	O
older	O
sulphonylureas	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
present	O
guidelines	O
do	O
not	O
distinguish	O
between	O
individual	O
agents	O
.	O

Reduced	O
progression	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
treated	O
by	O
losartan	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
antihypertensive	O
effects	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
type	O
-	O
1	O
receptor	O
blocker	O
,	O
losartan	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
its	O
potential	O
in	O
slowing	O
down	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
progression	O
in	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
(	O
SHR	O
)	O
with	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
ADR	B-Chemical
)	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Six	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
SHR	O
were	O
randomly	O
selected	O
in	O
six	O
groups	O
.	O

Two	O
control	O
groups	O
(	O
SH	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
SH	O
(	O
12	O
)	O
)	O
received	O
vehicle	O
.	O

Groups	O
ADR	B-Chemical
(	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
ADR	B-Chemical
+	O
LOS	B-Chemical
(	O
6	O
)	O
and	O
ADR	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
ADR	B-Chemical
+	O
LOS	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
)	O
received	O
ADR	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
b	O
.	O
w	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
twice	O
in	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
interval	O
.	O

Group	O
ADR	B-Chemical
+	O
LOS	B-Chemical
(	O
6	O
)	O
received	O
losartan	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
b	O
.	O
w	O
.	O
/	O
day	O
by	O
gavages	O
)	O
for	O
6	O
weeks	O
and	O
group	O
ADR	B-Chemical
+	O
LOS	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
)	O
for	O
12	O
weeks	O
after	O
second	O
injection	O
of	O
ADR	B-Chemical
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
killed	O
after	O
6	O
or	O
12	O
weeks	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Haemodynamic	O
measurements	O
were	O
performed	O
on	O
anaesthetized	O
animals	O
,	O
blood	O
and	O
urine	O
samples	O
were	O
taken	O
for	O
biochemical	O
analysis	O
and	O
the	O
left	O
kidney	O
was	O
processed	O
for	O
morphological	O
studies	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Short	O
-	O
term	O
losartan	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
besides	O
antihypertensive	O
effect	O
,	O
improved	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
and	O
ameliorated	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
resulting	O
in	O
decreased	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

Prolonged	O
treatment	O
with	O
losartan	B-Chemical
showed	O
further	O
reduction	O
of	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
reduced	O
progression	O
of	O
tubular	O
atrophy	B-Disease
and	O
interstitial	B-Disease
fibrosis	I-Disease
,	O
thus	O
preventing	O
heavy	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Losartan	B-Chemical
reduced	O
uraemia	B-Disease
and	O
increased	O
urea	B-Chemical
clearance	O
in	O
advanced	O
ADR	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
SHR	O
.	O

Histological	O
examination	O
showed	O
that	O
losartan	B-Chemical
could	O
prevent	O
tubular	O
atrophy	B-Disease
,	O
interstitial	O
infiltration	O
and	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
in	O
ADR	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Losartan	B-Chemical
reduces	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
progression	O
of	O
ADR	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
focal	B-Disease
segmental	I-Disease
glomerulosclerosis	I-Disease
to	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
SHR	O
.	O

The	O
risks	O
of	O
aprotinin	O
and	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
:	O
a	O
one	O
-	O
year	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
1188	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Our	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
postoperative	O
complications	O
and	O
mortality	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
aprotinin	O
compared	O
to	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
an	O
unselected	O
,	O
consecutive	O
cohort	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Perioperative	O
data	O
from	O
consecutive	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
patients	O
were	O
prospectively	O
collected	O
between	O
September	O
2005	O
and	O
June	O
2006	O
in	O
a	O
university	O
-	O
affiliated	O
clinic	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
1188	O
)	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
first	O
5	O
mo	O
,	O
596	O
patients	O
received	O
aprotinin	O
(	O
Group	O
A	O
)	O
;	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
5	O
mo	O
,	O
592	O
patients	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
Group	O
T	O
)	O
.	O

Except	O
for	O
antifibrinolytic	O
therapy	O
,	O
the	O
anesthetic	O
and	O
surgical	O
protocols	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
pre	O
-	O
and	O
intraoperative	O
variables	O
were	O
comparable	O
between	O
the	O
treatment	O
groups	O
.	O

Postoperatively	O
,	O
a	O
significantly	O
higher	O
incidence	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
Group	O
T	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
vs	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
difference	O
was	O
also	O
significant	O
in	O
the	O
primary	O
valve	O
surgery	O
and	O
the	O
high	O
risk	O
surgery	O
subgroups	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
vs	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
003	O
;	O
7	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
vs	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
035	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Persistent	O
atrial	O
fibrillation	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
vs	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
020	O
)	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
9	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
vs	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
were	O
also	O
more	O
common	O
in	O
Group	O
T	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
primary	O
valve	O
surgery	O
subgroup	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
among	O
primary	O
coronary	O
artery	O
bypass	O
surgery	O
patients	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
more	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarctions	I-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
Group	O
A	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
vs	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
027	O
;	O
22	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
vs	O
15	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
036	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
1	O
-	O
yr	O
mortality	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
after	O
aprotinin	O
treatment	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
risk	O
surgery	O
group	O
(	O
17	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
vs	O
9	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
034	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Both	O
antifibrinolytic	O
drugs	O
bear	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
adverse	O
outcome	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
aprotinin	O
should	O
be	O
avoided	O
in	O
coronary	O
artery	O
bypass	O
graft	O
and	O
high	O
risk	O
patients	O
,	O
whereas	O
administration	O
of	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
is	O
not	O
recommended	O
in	O
valve	O
surgery	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
in	O
an	O
elderly	O
woman	O
possibly	O
associated	O
with	O
administration	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
.	O

Misoprostol	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
,	O
including	O
gastrointestinal	O
symptoms	O
,	O
gynecologic	O
problems	O
,	O
and	O
headache	B-Disease
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
mental	O
status	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
in	O
which	O
an	O
89	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
in	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
care	O
facility	O
became	O
confused	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
change	O
in	O
mental	O
status	O
was	O
first	O
reported	O
nine	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Her	O
delirium	B-Disease
significantly	O
improved	O
after	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
her	O
mental	O
status	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
within	O
a	O
week	O
.	O

Because	O
no	O
other	O
factors	O
related	O
to	O
this	O
patient	O
changed	O
significantly	O
,	O
the	O
delirium	B-Disease
experienced	O
by	O
this	O
patient	O
possibly	O
resulted	O
from	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
biological	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
optical	O
isomers	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
their	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

1	O
.	O

The	O
optical	O
isomers	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
compared	O
for	O
their	O
beta	O
-	O
blocking	O
and	O
antiarrhythmic	O
activities	O
.	O
2	O
.	O

In	O
blocking	O
the	O
positive	O
inotropic	O
and	O
chronotropic	O
responses	O
to	O
isoprenaline	B-Chemical
,	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
had	O
less	O
than	O
one	O
hundredth	O
the	O
potency	O
of	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
.	O

At	O
dose	O
levels	O
of	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
which	O
attenuated	O
the	O
responses	O
to	O
isoprenaline	B-Chemical
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
prolongation	O
of	O
the	O
PR	O
interval	O
of	O
the	O
electrocardiogram	O
.	O
3	O
.	O

The	O
metabolic	O
responses	O
to	O
isoprenaline	B-Chemical
in	O
dogs	O
(	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
circulating	O
glucose	B-Chemical
,	O
lactate	B-Chemical
and	O
free	O
fatty	B-Chemical
acids	I-Chemical
)	O
were	O
all	O
blocked	O
by	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
.	O

(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
Propranolol	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
fatty	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
mobilization	O
but	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
increments	O
in	O
both	O
lactate	B-Chemical
and	O
glucose	B-Chemical
.	O
4	O
.	O

Both	O
isomers	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
possessed	O
similar	O
depressant	O
potency	O
on	O
isolated	O
atrial	O
muscle	O
taken	O
from	O
guinea	O
-	O
pigs	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

The	O
isomers	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
exhibited	O
similar	O
local	O
anaesthetic	O
potencies	O
on	O
an	O
isolated	O
frog	O
nerve	O
preparation	O
at	O
a	O
level	O
approximately	O
three	O
times	O
that	O
of	O
procaine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
racemic	O
compound	O
was	O
significantly	O
less	O
potent	O
than	O
either	O
isomer	O
.	O
6	O
.	O

Both	O
isomers	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
were	O
capable	O
of	O
preventing	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
in	O
cats	O
anaesthetized	O
with	O
halothane	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
the	O
mean	O
dose	O
of	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
was	O
0	O
.	O
09	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
whereas	O
that	O
of	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
was	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
effective	O
dose	O
level	O
of	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
prolongation	O
of	O
the	O
PR	O
interval	O
of	O
the	O
electrocardiogram	O
.	O

Blockade	O
of	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
with	O
both	O
isomers	O
was	O
surmountable	O
by	O
increasing	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
.	O
7	O
.	O

Both	O
isomers	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
were	O
also	O
capable	O
of	O
reversing	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
in	O
anaesthetized	O
cats	O
and	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
of	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
smaller	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
in	O
both	O
species	O
but	O
much	O
higher	O
than	O
that	O
required	O
to	O
produce	O
evidence	O
of	O
beta	O
-	O
blockade	O
.	O
8	O
.	O

The	O
implications	O
of	O
these	O
results	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Topotecan	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
radiotherapy	O
in	O
unresectable	O
glioblastoma	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
phase	O
2	O
study	O
.	O

Improving	O
glioblastoma	B-Disease
multiforme	I-Disease
(	O
GBM	B-Disease
)	O
treatment	O
with	O
radio	O
-	O
chemotherapy	O
remains	O
a	O
challenge	O
.	O

Topotecan	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
attractive	O
option	O
as	O
it	O
exhibits	O
growth	O
inhibition	O
of	O
human	O
glioma	B-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
brain	O
penetration	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
radiotherapy	O
(	O
60	O
Gy	O
/	O
30	O
fractions	O
/	O
40	O
days	O
)	O
and	O
topotecan	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
/	O
day	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
-	O
5	O
on	O
weeks	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
5	O
)	O
in	O
50	O
adults	O
with	O
histologically	O
proven	O
and	O
untreated	O
GBM	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
hematological	O
toxicities	B-Disease
was	O
low	O
and	O
grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
hematological	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
reported	O
in	O
20	O
patients	O
(	O
mainly	O
lymphopenia	B-Disease
and	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Partial	O
response	O
and	O
stabilization	O
rates	O
were	O
2	O
%	O
and	O
32	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
overall	O
time	O
to	O
progression	O
of	O
12	O
weeks	O
.	O

One	O
-	O
year	O
overall	O
survival	O
(	O
OS	O
)	O
rate	O
was	O
42	O
%	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
median	O
OS	O
of	O
40	O
weeks	O
.	O

Topotecan	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
radiotherapy	O
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
while	O
response	O
and	O
stabilization	O
concerned	O
one	O
-	O
third	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
study	O
did	O
not	O
show	O
increased	O
benefits	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
survival	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
unresectable	O
GBM	B-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
leading	O
to	O
hyperparathyroidism	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
This	O
paper	O
reviews	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
chronic	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
on	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
level	O
and	O
parathyroid	O
glands	O
,	O
its	O
pathogenesis	O
,	O
and	O
treatment	O
options	O
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patient	O
who	O
had	O
recurrent	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
to	O
better	O
understand	O
the	O
disease	O
process	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Primary	B-Disease
hyperparathyroidism	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
potentially	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Careful	O
patient	O
selection	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
can	O
reduce	O
morbidity	O
.	O

PRACTICAL	O
IMPLICATIONS	O
:	O
As	O
much	O
as	O
15	O
%	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
become	O
hypercalcemic	B-Disease
.	O

By	O
routinely	O
monitoring	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
healthcare	O
providers	O
can	O
improve	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
of	O
this	O
patient	O
group	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
laryngeal	O
mask	O
with	O
endotracheal	O
tube	O
for	O
anesthesia	O
in	O
endoscopic	O
sinus	O
surgery	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
compare	O
surgical	O
conditions	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
intraoperative	O
bleeding	B-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
intraoperative	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
during	O
functional	O
endoscopic	O
sinus	O
surgery	O
(	O
FESS	O
)	O
using	O
flexible	O
reinforced	O
laryngeal	O
mask	O
airway	O
(	O
FRLMA	O
)	O
versus	O
endotracheal	O
tube	O
(	O
ETT	O
)	O
in	O
maintaining	O
controlled	O
hypotension	B-Disease
anesthesia	O
induced	O
by	O
propofol	B-Chemical
-	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
total	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
anesthesia	O
(	O
TIVA	O
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Sixty	O
normotensive	O
American	O
Society	O
of	O
Anesthesiologists	O
I	O
-	O
II	O
adult	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
FESS	O
under	O
controlled	O
hypotension	B-Disease
anesthesia	O
caused	O
by	O
propofol	B-Chemical
-	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
-	O
TIVA	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
into	O
two	O
groups	O
:	O
group	O
I	O
,	O
FRLMA	O
;	O
group	O
II	O
,	O
ETT	O
.	O

Hemorrhage	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
and	O
the	O
visibility	O
of	O
the	O
operative	O
field	O
was	O
evaluated	O
according	O
to	O
a	O
six	O
-	O
point	O
scale	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Controlled	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
achieved	O
within	O
a	O
shorter	O
period	O
using	O
laryngeal	O
mask	O
using	O
lower	O
rates	O
of	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
infusion	O
and	O
lower	O
total	O
dose	O
of	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
summary	O
,	O
our	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
airway	O
management	O
using	O
FRLMA	O
during	O
controlled	O
hypotension	B-Disease
anesthesia	O
provided	O
better	O
surgical	O
conditions	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
quality	O
of	O
operative	O
field	O
and	O
blood	O
loss	O
and	O
allowed	O
for	O
convenient	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
with	O
low	O
doses	O
of	O
remifentanil	B-Chemical
during	O
TIVA	O
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
FESS	O
.	O

Nonalcoholic	B-Disease
fatty	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
during	O
valproate	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
VPA	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
effective	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
many	O
types	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
its	O
use	O
can	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
body	O
weight	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
nonalcoholic	B-Disease
fatty	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
NAFLD	B-Disease
)	O
arising	O
in	O
a	O
child	O
who	O
developed	O
obesity	B-Disease
during	O
VPA	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Laboratory	O
data	O
revealed	O
hyperinsulinemia	B-Disease
with	O
insulin	B-Disease
resistance	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
VPA	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
our	O
patient	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
a	O
decrease	O
of	O
body	O
mass	O
index	O
,	O
and	O
normalization	O
of	O
metabolic	O
and	O
endocrine	O
parameters	O
;	O
moreover	O
,	O
ultrasound	O
measurements	O
showed	O
a	O
complete	O
normalization	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
case	O
suggests	O
that	O
obesity	B-Disease
,	O
hyperinsulinemia	B-Disease
,	O
insulin	B-Disease
resistance	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
VPA	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
all	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
NAFLD	B-Disease
;	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
is	O
reversible	O
after	O
VPA	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
.	O

Carbimazole	B-Chemical
induced	O
ANCA	B-Disease
positive	I-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
.	O

Anti	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
thyroid	I-Chemical
drugs	I-Chemical
,	O
like	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
and	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
(	O
PTU	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
commonly	O
prescribed	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

One	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
antithyroid	B-Chemical
medications	I-Chemical
.	O

Antineutrophil	B-Disease
cytoplasmic	I-Disease
antibody	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
ANCA	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
associated	I-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
potentially	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
antithyroidmedications	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
ANCA	O
positive	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
episode	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
vasculitic	B-Disease
skin	B-Disease
rash	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
large	O
joint	O
arthritis	B-Disease
,	O
pyrexia	B-Disease
and	O
parotiditis	B-Disease
but	O
no	O
renal	O
or	O
pulmonary	O
involvement	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
referred	O
to	O
us	O
for	O
neurological	O
evaluation	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
difficulty	O
in	O
getting	O
up	O
from	O
squatting	O
position	O
and	O
was	O
suspected	O
to	O
have	O
myositis	B-Disease
.	O

Carbimazole	B-Chemical
and	O
methimazole	B-Chemical
have	O
a	O
lower	O
incidence	O
of	O
reported	O
ANCA	O
positive	O
side	O
effects	O
than	O
PUT	O
.	O

To	O
the	O
best	O
of	O
our	O
knowledge	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
ANCA	O
positive	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
case	O
reported	O
from	O
India	O
.	O

Aspirin	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
primary	O
prevention	O
of	O
cardiovascular	O
events	O
:	O
an	O
update	O
of	O
the	O
evidence	O
for	O
the	O
U	O
.	O
S	O
.	O

Preventive	O
Services	O
Task	O
Force	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Coronary	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
cerebrovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
are	O
leading	O
causes	O
of	O
death	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

In	O
2002	O
,	O
the	O
U	O
.	O
S	O
.	O

Preventive	O
Services	O
Task	O
Force	O
(	O
USPSTF	O
)	O
strongly	O
recommended	O
that	O
clinicians	O
discuss	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
with	O
adults	O
who	O
are	O
at	O
increased	O
risk	O
for	O
coronary	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
benefits	O
and	O
harms	O
of	O
taking	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
primary	O
prevention	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarctions	I-Disease
,	O
strokes	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
death	O
.	O

DATA	O
SOURCES	O
:	O
MEDLINE	O
and	O
Cochrane	O
Library	O
(	O
search	O
dates	O
,	O
1	O
January	O
2001	O
to	O
28	O
August	O
2008	O
)	O
,	O
recent	O
systematic	O
reviews	O
,	O
reference	O
lists	O
of	O
retrieved	O
articles	O
,	O
and	O
suggestions	O
from	O
experts	O
.	O

STUDY	O
SELECTION	O
:	O
English	O
-	O
language	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
trials	O
(	O
RCTs	O
)	O
;	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
studies	O
;	O
meta	O
-	O
analyses	O
;	O
and	O
systematic	O
reviews	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
versus	O
control	O
for	O
the	O
primary	O
prevention	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
CVD	B-Disease
)	O
were	O
selected	O
to	O
answer	O
the	O
following	O
questions	O
:	O
Does	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
decrease	O
coronary	O
heart	O
events	O
,	O
strokes	B-Disease
,	O
death	O
from	O
coronary	O
heart	O
events	O
or	O
stroke	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
all	O
-	O
cause	O
mortality	O
in	O
adults	O
without	O
known	O
CVD	B-Disease
?	O

Does	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
increase	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
bleeding	I-Disease
or	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
strokes	I-Disease
?	O

DATA	O
EXTRACTION	O
:	O
All	O
studies	O
were	O
reviewed	O
,	O
abstracted	O
,	O
and	O
rated	O
for	O
quality	O
by	O
using	O
predefined	O
USPSTF	O
criteria	O
.	O

DATA	O
SYNTHESIS	O
:	O
New	O
evidence	O
from	O
1	O
good	O
-	O
quality	O
RCT	O
,	O
1	O
good	O
-	O
quality	O
meta	O
-	O
analysis	O
,	O
and	O
2	O
fair	O
-	O
quality	O
subanalyses	O
of	O
RCTs	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
use	O
reduces	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
CVD	B-Disease
events	O
in	O
patients	O
without	O
known	O
CVD	B-Disease
.	O

Men	O
in	O
these	O
studies	O
experienced	O
fewer	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarctions	I-Disease
and	O
women	O
experienced	O
fewer	O
ischemic	O
strokes	B-Disease
.	O

Aspirin	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
seem	O
to	O
affect	O
CVD	B-Disease
mortality	O
or	O
all	O
-	O
cause	O
mortality	O
in	O
either	O
men	O
or	O
women	O
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
for	O
primary	O
prevention	O
increases	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
major	O
bleeding	B-Disease
events	O
,	O
primarily	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
bleeding	I-Disease
events	O
,	O
in	O
both	O
men	O
and	O
women	O
.	O

Men	O
have	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
for	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
strokes	I-Disease
with	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

A	O
new	O
RCT	O
and	O
meta	O
-	O
analysis	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
strokes	I-Disease
in	O
women	O
is	O
not	O
statistically	O
significantly	O
increased	O
.	O

LIMITATIONS	O
:	O
New	O
evidence	O
on	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
primary	O
prevention	O
of	O
CVD	B-Disease
is	O
limited	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
used	O
in	O
the	O
RCTs	O
varied	O
,	O
which	O
prevented	O
the	O
estimation	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
appropriate	O
dose	O
for	O
primary	O
prevention	O
.	O

Several	O
of	O
the	O
RCTs	O
were	O
conducted	O
within	O
populations	O
of	O
health	O
professionals	O
,	O
which	O
potentially	O
limits	O
generalizability	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Aspirin	B-Chemical
reduces	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
men	O
and	O
strokes	B-Disease
in	O
women	O
.	O

Aspirin	B-Chemical
use	O
increases	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
serious	O
bleeding	B-Disease
events	O
.	O

Reducing	O
harm	O
associated	O
with	O
anticoagulation	O
:	O
practical	O
considerations	O
of	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

Argatroban	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
hepatically	O
metabolized	O
,	O
direct	O
thrombin	O
inhibitor	O
used	O
for	O
prophylaxis	O
or	O
treatment	O
of	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
in	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
(	O
HIT	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
or	O
at	O
risk	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
undergoing	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
intervention	O
(	O
PCI	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
review	O
is	O
to	O
summarize	O
practical	O
considerations	O
of	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
HIT	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
US	O
FDA	O
-	O
recommended	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
dose	O
in	O
HIT	B-Disease
is	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
(	O
reduced	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatic	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
and	O
in	O
paediatric	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
adjusted	O
to	O
achieve	O
activated	O
partial	O
thromboplastin	O
times	O
(	O
aPTTs	O
)	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
3	O
times	O
baseline	O
(	O
not	O
>	O
100	O
seconds	O
)	O
.	O

Contemporary	O
experiences	O
indicate	O
that	O
reduced	O
doses	O
are	O
also	O
needed	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
conditions	O
associated	O
with	O
hepatic	O
hypoperfusion	O
,	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
yet	O
are	O
unnecessary	O
for	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
adult	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
race	O
/	O
ethnicity	O
or	O
obesity	B-Disease
.	O

Argatroban	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
typically	O
supports	O
therapeutic	O
aPTTs	O
.	O

The	O
FDA	O
-	O
recommended	O
dose	O
during	O
PCI	O
is	O
25	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
(	O
350	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
initial	O
bolus	O
)	O
,	O
adjusted	O
to	O
achieve	O
activated	O
clotting	O
times	O
(	O
ACTs	O
)	O
of	O
300	O
-	O
450	O
sec	O
.	O

For	O
PCI	O
,	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
has	O
not	O
been	O
investigated	O
in	O
hepatically	O
impaired	O
patients	O
;	O
dose	O
adjustment	O
is	O
unnecessary	O
for	O
adult	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
race	O
/	O
ethnicity	O
or	O
obesity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
lesser	O
doses	O
may	O
be	O
adequate	O
with	O
concurrent	O
glycoprotein	O
IIb	O
/	O
IIIa	O
inhibition	O
.	O

Argatroban	B-Chemical
prolongs	O
the	O
International	O
Normalized	O
Ratio	O
,	O
and	O
published	O
approaches	O
for	O
monitoring	O
the	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
-	O
to	O
-	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
transition	O
should	O
be	O
followed	O
.	O

Major	O
bleeding	B-Disease
with	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
is	O
0	O
-	O
10	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
interventional	O
setting	O
and	O
0	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
periprocedurally	O
.	O

Argatroban	B-Chemical
has	O
no	O
specific	O
antidote	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
excessive	O
anticoagulation	O
occurs	O
,	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
infusion	O
should	O
be	O
stopped	O
or	O
reduced	O
.	O

Improved	O
familiarity	O
of	O
healthcare	O
professionals	O
with	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
HIT	B-Disease
,	O
including	O
in	O
special	O
populations	O
and	O
during	O
PCI	O
,	O
may	O
facilitate	O
reduction	O
of	O
harm	O
associated	O
with	O
HIT	B-Disease
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
fewer	O
thromboses	O
)	O
or	O
its	O
treatment	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
fewer	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
medication	O
errors	O
)	O
.	O

Rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
and	O
brain	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
heroin	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
male	O
under	O
methadone	B-Chemical
maintenance	O
therapy	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
There	O
are	O
several	O
complications	O
associated	O
with	O
heroin	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
,	O
some	O
of	O
which	O
are	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
.	O

Methadone	B-Chemical
may	O
aggravate	O
this	O
problem	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
A	O
clinical	O
case	O
description	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
33	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
presented	O
with	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
and	O
cerebral	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
after	O
intravenous	O
heroin	B-Chemical
.	O

He	O
had	O
used	O
heroin	B-Chemical
since	O
age	O
20	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
used	O
150	O
mg	O
methadone	B-Chemical
daily	O
for	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
found	O
unconsciousness	B-Disease
at	O
home	O
and	O
was	O
sent	O
to	O
our	O
hospital	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
ER	O
,	O
his	O
opiate	O
level	O
was	O
4497	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
ICU	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
,	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
acute	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
transfer	O
to	O
an	O
internal	O
ward	O
,	O
we	O
noted	O
aphasia	B-Disease
and	O
weakness	B-Disease
of	O
his	O
left	O
limbs	O
.	O

After	O
MRI	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
cerebral	B-Disease
ischemic	I-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Those	O
using	O
methadone	B-Chemical
and	O
heroin	B-Chemical
simultaneously	O
may	O
increase	O
risk	O
of	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
and	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
under	O
methadone	B-Chemical
maintenance	O
therapy	O
should	O
be	O
warned	O
regarding	O
these	O
serious	O
adverse	O
events	O
.	O

Hypotheses	O
of	O
heroin	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
and	O
stroke	B-Disease
in	O
heroin	B-Chemical
abusers	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Increased	O
vulnerability	O
to	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxydopamine	I-Chemical
lesion	O
and	O
reduced	O
development	O
of	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
lacking	O
CB1	O
cannabinoid	O
receptors	O
.	O

Motor	O
impairment	O
,	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
neuronal	O
activity	O
and	O
proenkephalin	B-Chemical
(	O
PENK	B-Chemical
)	O
gene	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
caudate	O
-	O
putamen	O
(	O
CPu	O
)	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
-	O
lesioned	O
and	O
treated	O
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
+	I-Chemical
benserazide	I-Chemical
)	O
CB1	O
KO	O
and	O
WT	O
mice	O
.	O

A	O
lesion	O
induced	O
by	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
produced	O
more	O
severe	O
motor	O
deterioration	O
in	O
CB1	O
KO	O
mice	O
accompanied	O
by	O
more	O
loss	O
of	O
DA	B-Chemical
neurons	O
and	O
increased	O
PENK	B-Chemical
gene	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
CPu	O
.	O

Oxidative	O
/	O
nitrosative	O
and	O
neuroinflammatory	O
parameters	O
were	O
estimated	O
in	O
the	O
CPu	O
and	O
cingulate	O
cortex	O
(	O
Cg	O
)	O
.	O

CB1	O
KO	O
mice	O
exhibited	O
higher	O
MDA	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
iNOS	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
CPu	O
and	O
Cg	O
compared	O
to	O
WT	O
mice	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
+	I-Chemical
benserazide	I-Chemical
(	O
12	O
weeks	O
)	O
resulted	O
in	O
less	O
severe	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
CB1	O
KO	O
than	O
in	O
WT	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
cannabinoid	O
CB1	O
receptors	O
increased	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
motor	O
impairment	O
and	O
DA	B-Chemical
lesion	O
,	O
and	O
reduced	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
activation	O
of	O
CB1	O
receptors	O
offers	O
neuroprotection	O
against	O
dopaminergic	O
lesion	O
and	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

Hepatocellular	O
oxidant	O
stress	O
following	O
intestinal	O
ischemia	B-Disease
-	O
reperfusion	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Reperfusion	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
intestine	O
results	O
in	O
acute	O
liver	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
characterized	O
by	O
hepatocellular	O
enzyme	O
release	O
into	O
plasma	O
,	O
reduction	O
in	O
bile	O
flow	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
neutrophil	O
sequestration	O
within	O
the	O
liver	O
.	O

The	O
pathophysiology	O
underlying	O
this	O
acute	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
is	O
unknown	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
oxidants	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
and	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
relative	O
value	O
of	O
several	O
indirect	O
methods	O
of	O
assessing	O
oxidant	O
exposure	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
a	O
standardized	O
intestinal	O
ischemia	B-Disease
-	O
reperfusion	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Hepatic	O
tissue	O
was	O
assayed	O
for	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
products	O
and	O
oxidized	B-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
reduced	I-Chemical
glutathione	I-Chemical
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
hepatic	O
tissue	O
total	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
following	O
intestinal	O
ischemia	B-Disease
-	O
reperfusion	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Oxidized	B-Chemical
glutathione	I-Chemical
(	O
GSSG	B-Chemical
)	O
increased	O
significantly	O
following	O
30	O
and	O
60	O
min	O
of	O
reperfusion	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
increase	O
in	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
products	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
associated	O
with	O
this	O
injury	O
.	O

An	O
increase	O
in	O
GSSG	B-Chemical
within	O
hepatic	O
tissue	O
during	O
intestinal	O
reperfusion	O
suggests	O
exposure	O
of	O
hepatocytes	O
to	O
an	O
oxidant	O
stress	O
.	O

The	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
products	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
suggests	O
that	O
the	O
oxidant	O
stress	O
is	O
of	O
insufficient	O
magnitude	O
to	O
result	O
in	O
irreversible	O
injury	O
to	O
hepatocyte	O
cell	O
membranes	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
also	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
measurement	O
of	O
tissue	O
GSSG	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
a	O
more	O
sensitive	O
indicator	O
of	O
oxidant	O
stress	O
than	O
measurement	O
of	O
products	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
.	O

Animal	O
model	O
of	O
mania	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
:	O
Evidence	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
in	O
submitochondrial	O
particles	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
brain	O
.	O

The	O
intracerebroventricular	O
(	O
ICV	O
)	O
administration	O
of	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
/	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
inhibitor	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
to	O
mimic	O
some	O
symptoms	O
of	O
human	O
bipolar	B-Disease
mania	I-Disease
.	O

Clinical	O
studies	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Herein	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
behavioral	O
and	O
biochemical	O
effects	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
ICV	O
administration	O
of	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

To	O
achieve	O
this	O
aim	O
,	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
injection	O
immediately	O
after	O
and	O
7	O
days	O
following	O
a	O
single	O
ICV	O
administration	O
(	O
at	O
concentrations	O
of	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
2	O
)	O
and	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
M	O
)	O
on	O
locomotion	O
was	O
measured	O
using	O
the	O
open	O
-	O
field	O
test	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
thiobarbituric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
reactive	O
substances	O
(	O
TBARSs	O
)	O
and	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
production	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
submitochondrial	O
particles	O
of	O
the	O
prefrontal	O
cortex	O
,	O
hippocampus	O
,	O
striatum	O
and	O
amygdala	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
at	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
2	O
)	O
and	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
M	O
induced	O
hyperlocomotion	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
response	O
remained	O
up	O
to	O
7	O
days	O
following	O
a	O
single	O
ICV	O
injection	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
we	O
observed	O
that	O
the	O
persistent	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
spontaneous	O
locomotion	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
TBARS	O
levels	O
and	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
generation	O
in	O
submitochondrial	O
particles	O
in	O
the	O
prefrontal	O
cortex	O
,	O
striatum	O
and	O
amygdala	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behavior	O
may	O
provide	O
a	O
useful	O
animal	O
model	O
to	O
test	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
of	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
in	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Intraoperative	O
dialysis	O
during	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
with	O
citrate	B-Chemical
dialysate	O
.	O

Liver	O
transplantation	O
for	O
acutely	O
ill	O
patients	O
with	O
fulminant	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
carries	O
high	O
intraoperative	O
and	O
immediate	O
postoperative	O
risks	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
increased	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
concomitant	O
acute	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
(	O
AKI	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
intraoperative	O
dialysis	O
is	O
sometimes	O
required	O
to	O
allow	O
the	O
transplant	O
to	O
proceed	O
.	O

The	O
derangements	O
in	O
the	O
procoagulant	O
and	O
anticoagulant	O
pathways	O
during	O
fulminant	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
can	O
lead	O
to	O
difficulties	O
with	O
anticoagulation	O
during	O
dialysis	O
,	O
especially	O
when	O
continued	O
in	O
the	O
operating	O
room	O
.	O

Systemic	O
anticoagulation	O
is	O
unsafe	O
and	O
regional	O
citrate	B-Chemical
anticoagulation	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
a	O
functional	O
liver	O
carries	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
citrate	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Citrate	B-Chemical
dialysate	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
dialysate	O
with	O
citric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
anticoagulation	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
cannot	O
tolerate	O
heparin	B-Chemical
or	O
regional	O
citrate	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
40	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
with	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
fulminant	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
with	O
associated	O
AKI	B-Disease
who	O
underwent	O
intraoperative	O
dialytic	O
support	O
during	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
anticoagulated	O
with	O
citrate	B-Chemical
dialysate	O
during	O
the	O
entire	O
procedure	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
tolerated	O
the	O
procedure	O
well	O
without	O
any	O
signs	O
of	O
citrate	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
maintained	O
adequate	O
anticoagulation	O
for	O
patency	O
of	O
the	O
dialysis	O
circuit	O
.	O

Citrate	B-Chemical
dialysate	O
is	O
a	O
safe	O
alternative	O
for	O
intradialytic	O
support	O
of	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
in	O
fulminant	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
toxic	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
plasma	O
concentrations	O
:	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
a	O
pharmacokinetic	O
drug	O
interaction	O
with	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
delirium	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
a	O
pharmacokinetic	O
drug	O
interaction	O
with	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
69	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
white	O
female	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
confusion	B-Disease
and	O
paranoia	B-Disease
over	O
the	O
past	O
several	O
days	O
.	O

On	O
admission	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
taking	O
carvedilol	B-Chemical
12	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
,	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
2	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
levothyroxine	B-Chemical
100	O
microg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
pantoprazole	B-Chemical
40	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
40	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
and	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
.	O

Flecainide	B-Chemical
had	O
been	O
started	O
2	O
weeks	O
prior	O
for	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
.	O

Laboratory	O
test	O
findings	O
on	O
admission	O
were	O
notable	O
only	O
for	O
a	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
plasma	O
concentration	O
of	O
1360	O
microg	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
reference	O
range	O
200	O
-	O
1000	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
metabolic	O
drug	O
interaction	O
between	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
and	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
been	O
taking	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
5	O
years	O
,	O
was	O
considered	O
.	O

Paroxetine	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
was	O
reduced	O
to	O
50	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
.	O

Her	O
delirium	B-Disease
resolved	O
3	O
days	O
later	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Flecainide	B-Chemical
and	O
pharmacologically	O
similar	O
agents	O
that	O
interact	O
with	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channels	O
may	O
cause	O
delirium	B-Disease
in	O
susceptible	O
patients	O
.	O

A	O
MEDLINE	O
search	O
(	O
1966	O
-	O
January	O
2009	O
)	O
revealed	O
one	O
in	O
vivo	O
pharmacokinetic	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
interaction	O
between	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
CYP2D6	O
substrate	O
,	O
and	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
CYP2D6	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
3	O
case	O
reports	O
of	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
delirium	B-Disease
.	O

According	O
to	O
the	O
Naranjo	O
probability	O
scale	O
,	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
was	O
the	O
probable	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
delirium	B-Disease
;	O
the	O
Horn	O
Drug	O
Interaction	O
Probability	O
Scale	O
indicates	O
a	O
possible	O
pharmacokinetic	O
drug	O
interaction	O
between	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
and	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Supratherapeutic	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
plasma	O
concentrations	O
may	O
cause	O
delirium	B-Disease
.	O

Because	O
toxicity	B-Disease
may	O
occur	O
when	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
is	O
prescribed	O
with	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
potent	O
CYP2D6	O
inhibitors	O
,	O
flecainide	B-Chemical
plasma	O
concentrations	O
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
closely	O
with	O
commencement	O
of	O
CYP2D6	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

Efficacy	O
of	O
everolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
RAD001	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
previously	O
treated	O
with	O
chemotherapy	O
alone	O
or	O
with	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
EGFR	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Treatment	O
options	O
are	O
scarce	O
in	O
pretreated	O
advanced	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
small	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
patients	O
.	O

RAD001	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
oral	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
the	O
mammalian	O
target	O
of	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
mTOR	O
)	O
,	O
has	O
shown	O
phase	O
I	O
efficacy	O
in	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Stage	O
IIIb	O
or	O
IV	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
with	O
two	O
or	O
fewer	O
prior	O
chemotherapy	O
regimens	O
,	O
one	O
platinum	B-Chemical
based	O
(	O
stratum	O
1	O
)	O
or	O
both	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
epidermal	O
growth	O
factor	O
receptor	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
inhibitors	O
(	O
stratum	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
received	O
RAD001	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
until	O
progression	O
or	O
unacceptable	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Primary	O
objective	O
was	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
(	O
ORR	O
)	O
.	O

Analyses	O
of	O
markers	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
mTOR	O
pathway	O
were	O
carried	O
out	O
on	O
archival	O
tumor	B-Disease
from	O
a	O
subgroup	O
using	O
immunohistochemistry	O
(	O
IHC	O
)	O
and	O
direct	O
mutation	O
sequencing	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Eighty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
were	O
enrolled	O
,	O
42	O
in	O
stratum	O
1	O
and	O
43	O
in	O
stratum	O
.	O

ORR	O
was	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
stratum	O
1	O
;	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
stratum	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

Overall	O
disease	O
control	O
rate	O
was	O
47	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
.	O

Median	O
progression	O
-	O
free	O
survivals	O
(	O
PFSs	O
)	O
were	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
(	O
stratum	O
1	O
)	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
months	O
(	O
stratum	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

Common	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
grade	O
3	O
events	O
were	O
fatigue	B-Disease
,	O
dyspnea	B-Disease
,	O
stomatitis	B-Disease
,	O
anemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

Pneumonitis	B-Disease
,	O
probably	O
or	O
possibly	O
related	O
,	O
mainly	O
grade	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
,	O
occurred	O
in	O
25	O
%	O
.	O

Cox	O
regression	O
analysis	O
of	O
IHC	O
scores	O
found	O
that	O
only	O
phospho	O
AKT	O
(	O
pAKT	O
)	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
independent	O
predictor	O
of	O
worse	O
PFS	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
RAD001	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
showing	O
modest	O
clinical	O
activity	O
in	O
pretreated	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

Evaluation	O
of	O
RAD001	B-Chemical
plus	O
standard	O
therapy	O
for	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
continues	O
.	O

Posttransplant	O
anemia	B-Disease
:	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
.	O

Posttransplant	O
anemia	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
common	O
problem	O
that	O
may	O
hinder	O
patients	O
'	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

It	O
occurs	O
in	O
12	O
to	O
76	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
most	O
common	O
in	O
the	O
immediate	O
posttransplant	O
period	O
.	O

A	O
variety	O
of	O
factors	O
have	O
been	O
identified	O
that	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
posttransplant	O
anemia	B-Disease
,	O
of	O
which	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
is	O
most	O
important	O
.	O

Sirolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
mammalian	O
target	O
of	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
inhibitor	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
as	O
playing	O
a	O
special	O
role	O
in	O
posttransplant	O
anemia	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
review	O
considers	O
anemia	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
including	O
its	O
presentation	O
,	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
and	O
management	O
.	O

Coronary	O
computerized	O
tomography	O
angiography	O
for	O
rapid	O
discharge	O
of	O
low	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Most	O
patients	O
presenting	O
to	O
emergency	O
departments	O
(	O
EDs	O
)	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
are	O
admitted	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
12	O
hours	O
and	O
receive	O
a	O
"	O
rule	O
out	O
acute	B-Disease
coronary	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
"	O
protocol	O
,	O
often	O
with	O
noninvasive	O
testing	O
prior	O
to	O
discharge	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
without	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
coronary	O
computerized	O
tomography	O
angiography	O
(	O
CTA	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
identifying	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
at	O
low	O
risk	O
for	O
cardiac	O
events	O
who	O
can	O
be	O
safely	O
discharged	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
unclear	O
whether	O
a	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
strategy	O
would	O
be	O
efficacious	O
in	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
as	O
coronary	B-Disease
vasospasm	I-Disease
may	O
account	O
for	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
ischemia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
studied	O
whether	O
a	O
negative	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
could	O
identify	O
a	O
subset	O
safe	O
for	O
discharge	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
for	O
low	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
who	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
ED	O
with	O
cocaineassociated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
(	O
self	O
-	O
reported	O
or	O
positive	O
urine	O
test	O
)	O
.	O

Consecutive	O
patients	O
received	O
either	O
immediate	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
in	O
the	O
ED	O
(	O
without	O
serial	O
markers	O
)	O
or	O
underwent	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
after	O
a	O
brief	O
observation	O
period	O
with	O
serial	O
cardiac	O
marker	O
measurements	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
negative	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
(	O
maximal	O
stenosis	B-Disease
less	O
than	O
50	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
discharged	O
.	O

The	O
main	O
outcome	O
was	O
30	O
-	O
day	O
cardiovascular	O
death	O
or	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
59	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
were	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Patients	O
had	O
a	O
mean	O
age	O
of	O
45	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
6	O
yrs	O
and	O
were	O
86	O
%	O
black	O
,	O
66	O
%	O
male	O
.	O

Seventy	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
had	O
a	O
normal	O
or	O
nonspecific	O
ECG	O
and	O
85	O
%	O
had	O
a	O
TIMI	O
score	O
<	O
2	O
.	O

Twenty	O
patients	O
received	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
immediately	O
in	O
the	O
ED	O
,	O
18	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
discharged	O
following	O
CTA	O
(	O
90	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
nine	O
received	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
after	O
a	O
brief	O
observation	O
period	O
,	O
with	O
37	O
discharged	O
home	O
following	O
CTA	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
had	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
>	O
or	O
=	O
50	O
%	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
30	O
-	O
day	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
,	O
no	O
patients	O
died	O
of	O
a	O
cardiovascular	O
event	O
(	O
0	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
0	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
no	O
patient	O
sustained	O
a	O
nonfatal	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
0	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
0	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Although	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
can	O
result	O
from	O
coronary	O
vasoconstriction	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
associated	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
ischemic	B-Disease
ECG	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
TIMI	O
risk	O
score	O
<	O
2	O
may	O
be	O
safely	O
discharged	O
from	O
the	O
ED	O
after	O
a	O
negative	O
coronary	O
CTA	O
with	O
a	O
low	O
risk	O
of	O
30	O
-	O
day	O
adverse	O
events	O
.	O

Bilateral	O
haemorrhagic	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
globus	I-Disease
pallidus	I-Disease
after	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
both	O
ischemic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
haemorrhagic	I-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
present	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
31	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
bilateral	O
ischemia	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
globus	I-Disease
pallidus	I-Disease
after	O
excessive	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
and	O
intranasal	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
related	O
globus	B-Disease
pallidus	I-Disease
infarctions	I-Disease
are	O
most	O
often	O
associated	O
with	O
heroin	B-Chemical
.	O

Bilateral	O
basal	B-Disease
ganglia	I-Disease
infarcts	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
without	O
concurrent	O
heroin	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
have	O
never	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

In	O
our	O
patient	O
,	O
transient	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
or	O
respiratory	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
/	O
or	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
use	O
were	O
the	O
most	O
likely	O
causes	O
of	O
cerebral	B-Disease
hypoperfusion	I-Disease
.	O

Late	O
fulminant	O
posterior	B-Disease
reversible	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplant	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Posterior	B-Disease
leukoencephalopathy	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
-	O
related	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
severe	O
complication	O
that	O
results	O
from	O
treatment	O
with	O
immunosuppressive	O
agents	O
(	O
primarily	O
those	O
administered	O
after	O
a	O
liver	O
or	O
kidney	O
transplant	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
pathophysiologic	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
that	O
disorder	O
remain	O
unknown	O
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
46	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
who	O
received	O
a	O
liver	O
transplant	O
in	O
our	O
center	O
as	O
treatment	O
for	O
alcoholic	B-Disease
cirrhosis	I-Disease
and	O
in	O
whom	O
either	O
a	O
fulminant	O
course	O
of	O
posterior	B-Disease
leukoencephalopathy	I-Disease
or	O
posterior	B-Disease
reversible	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
developed	O
110	O
days	O
after	O
transplant	O
.	O

After	O
an	O
initially	O
uneventful	O
course	O
after	O
the	O
transplant	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
rapidly	O
fell	O
into	O
deep	O
coma	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Cerebral	O
MRI	O
scan	O
showed	O
typical	O
signs	O
of	O
enhancement	O
in	O
the	O
pontine	O
and	O
posterior	O
regions	O
.	O

Switching	O
the	O
immunosuppressive	O
regimen	O
from	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
to	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
improve	O
the	O
clinical	O
situation	O
.	O

The	O
termination	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
any	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
complete	O
resolution	O
of	O
that	O
complication	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Posterior	B-Disease
reversible	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplant	O
is	O
rare	O
.	O

We	O
recommend	O
a	O
complete	O
cessation	O
of	O
any	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
dose	O
reduction	O
.	O

Prolonged	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
bridge	O
to	O
recovery	O
for	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
and	O
intracranial	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
To	O
review	O
evidence	O
-	O
based	O
treatment	O
options	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
complicating	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
FHF	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
discuss	O
the	O
potential	O
applications	O
of	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Case	O
-	O
based	O
observations	O
from	O
a	O
medical	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
(	O
MICU	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
tertiary	O
care	O
facility	O
in	O
a	O
27	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
with	O
FHF	B-Disease
from	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
and	O
resultant	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Our	O
patient	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
MICU	O
after	O
being	O
found	O
unresponsive	O
with	O
presumed	O
toxicity	B-Disease
from	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
which	O
was	O
ingested	O
over	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
day	O
period	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
depressed	O
of	O
mental	O
status	O
lasting	O
at	O
least	O
24	O
h	O
prior	O
to	O
admission	O
.	O

Initial	O
evaluation	O
confirmed	O
FHF	B-Disease
from	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
and	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
hyperosmolar	O
therapy	O
,	O
hyperventilation	B-Disease
,	O
sedation	O
,	O
and	O
chemical	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

Her	O
intracranial	O
pressure	O
remained	O
elevated	O
despite	O
maximal	O
medical	O
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
then	O
initiated	O
therapeutic	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
which	O
was	O
continued	O
for	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

At	O
re	O
-	O
warming	O
,	O
patient	O
had	O
resolution	O
of	O
her	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
and	O
intracranial	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
.	O

At	O
discharge	O
,	O
she	O
had	O
complete	O
recovery	O
of	O
neurological	O
and	O
hepatic	O
functions	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
patients	O
with	O
FHF	B-Disease
and	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
from	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
,	O
prolonged	O
therapeutic	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
could	O
potentially	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
life	O
saving	O
therapy	O
and	O
a	O
bridge	O
to	O
hepatic	O
and	O
neurological	O
recovery	O
.	O

A	O
clinical	O
trial	O
of	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
this	O
condition	O
is	O
warranted	O
.	O

Binasal	B-Disease
visual	I-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
are	O
not	O
specific	O
to	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
investigated	O
the	O
visual	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
(	O
VGB	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Two	O
hundred	O
four	O
people	O
with	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
were	O
grouped	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
therapy	O
(	O
current	O
,	O
previous	O
,	O
or	O
no	O
exposure	O
to	O
VGB	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Groups	O
were	O
matched	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
age	O
,	O
gender	O
,	O
and	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
underwent	O
objective	O
assessment	O
of	O
electrophysiological	O
function	O
(	O
wide	O
-	O
field	O
multifocal	O
electroretinography	O
)	O
and	O
conventional	O
visual	O
field	O
testing	O
(	O
static	O
perimetry	O
)	O
.	O

Bilateral	O
visual	O
field	O
constriction	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
59	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
currently	O
taking	O
VGB	B-Chemical
,	O
43	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
previously	O
took	O
VGB	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
exposure	O
to	O
VGB	B-Chemical
.	O

Assessment	O
of	O
retinal	O
function	O
revealed	O
abnormal	O
responses	O
in	O
48	O
%	O
of	O
current	O
VGB	B-Chemical
users	O
and	O
22	O
%	O
of	O
prior	O
VGB	B-Chemical
users	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
without	O
previous	O
exposure	O
to	O
VGB	B-Chemical
.	O

Bilateral	B-Disease
visual	I-Disease
field	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
are	O
common	O
in	O
the	O
treated	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
population	O
,	O
irrespective	O
of	O
drug	O
history	O
.	O

Assessment	O
by	O
conventional	O
static	O
perimetry	O
may	O
neither	O
be	O
sufficiently	O
sensitive	O
nor	O
specific	O
to	O
reliably	O
identify	O
retinal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
VGB	B-Chemical
.	O

Smoking	O
of	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
as	O
a	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
HIV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
among	O
people	O
who	O
use	O
injection	O
drugs	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Little	O
is	O
known	O
about	O
the	O
possible	O
role	O
that	O
smoking	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
has	O
on	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
HIV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

Given	O
the	O
increasing	O
use	O
of	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
,	O
we	O
sought	O
to	O
examine	O
whether	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
illicit	O
drug	O
has	O
become	O
a	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
HIV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
included	O
data	O
from	O
people	O
participating	O
in	O
the	O
Vancouver	O
Injection	O
Drug	O
Users	O
Study	O
who	O
reported	O
injecting	O
illicit	O
drugs	O
at	O
least	O
once	O
in	O
the	O
month	O
before	O
enrolment	O
,	O
lived	O
in	O
the	O
greater	O
Vancouver	O
area	O
,	O
were	O
HIV	O
-	O
negative	O
at	O
enrolment	O
and	O
completed	O
at	O
least	O
1	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
study	O
visit	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
whether	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
HIV	B-Disease
seroconversion	I-Disease
among	O
daily	O
smokers	O
of	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
changed	O
over	O
time	O
,	O
we	O
used	O
Cox	O
proportional	O
hazards	O
regression	O
and	O
divided	O
the	O
study	O
into	O
3	O
periods	O
:	O
May	O
1	O
,	O
1996	O
-	O
Nov	O
.	O

30	O
,	O
1999	O
(	O
period	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
Dec	O
.	O

1	O
,	O
1999	O
-	O
Nov	O
.	O

30	O
,	O
2002	O
(	O
period	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Dec	O
.	O

1	O
,	O
2002	O
-	O
Dec	O
.	O

30	O
,	O
2005	O
(	O
period	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Overall	O
,	O
1048	O
eligible	O
injection	O
drug	O
users	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
our	O
study	O
.	O

Of	O
these	O
,	O
137	O
acquired	O
HIV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
during	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
proportion	O
of	O
participants	O
who	O
reported	O
daily	O
smoking	O
of	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
increased	O
from	O
11	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
in	O
period	O
1	O
to	O
39	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
in	O
period	O
3	O
.	O

After	O
adjusting	O
for	O
potential	O
confounders	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
HIV	B-Disease
seroconversion	I-Disease
among	O
participants	O
who	O
were	O
daily	O
smokers	O
of	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
increased	O
over	O
time	O
(	O
period	O
1	O
:	O
hazard	O
ratio	O
[	O
HR	O
]	O
1	O
.	O
03	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
0	O
.	O
57	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
85	O
;	O
period	O
2	O
:	O
HR	O
1	O
.	O
68	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
01	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
80	O
;	O
and	O
period	O
3	O
:	O
HR	O
2	O
.	O
74	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
06	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
11	O
)	O
.	O

INTERPRETATION	O
:	O
Smoking	O
of	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
independent	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
HIV	B-Disease
seroconversion	I-Disease
among	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
injection	O
drug	O
users	O
.	O

This	O
finding	O
points	O
to	O
the	O
urgent	O
need	O
for	O
evidence	O
-	O
based	O
public	O
health	O
initiatives	O
targeted	O
at	O
people	O
who	O
smoke	O
crack	B-Chemical
cocaine	I-Chemical
.	O

Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
improves	O
the	O
memory	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
agent	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
.	O

Cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
systemic	O
adjuvant	O
chemotherapy	O
have	O
described	O
experiencing	O
deteriorations	O
in	O
cognition	O
.	O

A	O
widely	O
used	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agent	O
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
readily	O
crosses	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
and	O
so	O
could	O
have	O
a	O
direct	O
effect	O
on	O
brain	O
function	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
this	O
anti	O
mitotic	O
drug	O
could	O
reduce	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
in	O
the	O
neurogenic	O
regions	O
of	O
the	O
adult	O
brain	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
reports	O
indicate	O
that	O
hippocampal	O
dependent	O
neurogenesis	O
and	O
cognition	O
are	O
enhanced	O
by	O
the	O
SSRI	B-Chemical
antidepressant	O
Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
this	O
investigation	O
the	O
behavioural	O
effects	O
of	O
chronic	O
(	O
two	O
week	O
)	O
treatment	O
with	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
and	O
(	O
three	O
weeks	O
)	O
with	O
Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
either	O
separately	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
were	O
tested	O
on	O
adult	O
Lister	O
hooded	O
rats	O
.	O

Behavioural	O
effects	O
were	O
tested	O
using	O
a	O
context	O
dependent	O
conditioned	O
emotional	O
response	O
test	O
(	O
CER	O
)	O
which	O
showed	O
that	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
had	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
freezing	O
time	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

A	O
separate	O
group	O
of	O
animals	O
was	O
tested	O
using	O
a	O
hippocampal	O
dependent	O
spatial	O
working	O
memory	O
test	O
,	O
the	O
object	O
location	O
recognition	O
test	O
(	O
OLR	O
)	O
.	O

Animals	O
treated	O
only	O
with	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
showed	O
significant	O
deficits	O
in	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
the	O
OLR	O
task	O
but	O
co	O
administration	O
of	O
Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
improved	O
their	O
performance	O
.	O

5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
caused	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
proliferating	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
sub	O
granular	O
zone	O
of	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

This	O
reduction	O
was	O
eliminated	O
when	O
Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
was	O
co	O
administered	O
with	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
.	O

Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
on	O
its	O
own	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
proliferating	O
cell	O
number	O
or	O
behaviour	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
can	O
negatively	O
affect	O
both	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
and	O
hippocampal	O
dependent	O
working	O
memory	O
and	O
that	O
these	O
deficits	O
can	O
be	O
reversed	O
by	O
the	O
simultaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
antidepressant	O
Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

Liver	O
-	O
specific	O
ablation	O
of	O
integrin	O
-	O
linked	O
kinase	O
in	O
mice	O
results	O
in	O
enhanced	O
and	O
prolonged	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
and	O
hepatomegaly	B-Disease
after	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
recently	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
disruption	O
of	O
extracellular	O
matrix	O
(	O
ECM	O
)	O
/	O
integrin	O
signaling	O
via	O
elimination	O
of	O
integrin	O
-	O
linked	O
kinase	O
(	O
ILK	O
)	O
in	O
hepatocytes	O
interferes	O
with	O
signals	O
leading	O
to	O
termination	O
of	O
liver	O
regeneration	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
investigates	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
ILK	O
in	O
liver	O
enlargement	O
induced	O
by	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
(	O
PB	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Wild	O
-	O
type	O
(	O
WT	O
)	O
and	O
ILK	O
:	O
liver	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
were	O
given	O
PB	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
in	O
drinking	O
water	O
)	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
.	O

Livers	O
were	O
harvested	O
on	O
2	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
10	O
days	O
during	O
PB	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
hepatocyte	O
-	O
specific	O
ILK	O
/	O
liver	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
,	O
the	O
liver	O
:	O
body	O
weight	O
ratio	O
was	O
more	O
than	O
double	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
0	O
h	O
at	O
day	O
2	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
times	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
at	O
days	O
5	O
and	O
10	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
enlarged	O
three	O
times	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
WT	O
mice	O
,	O
the	O
increase	O
was	O
as	O
expected	O
from	O
previous	O
literature	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
times	O
)	O
and	O
seems	O
to	O
have	O
leveled	O
off	O
after	O
day	O
2	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
slightly	O
increased	O
proliferating	O
cell	O
nuclear	O
antigen	O
-	O
positive	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
ILK	O
/	O
liver	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
animals	O
at	O
day	O
2	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
WT	O
after	O
PB	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
WT	O
animals	O
,	O
the	O
proliferative	O
response	O
had	O
come	O
back	O
to	O
normal	O
by	O
days	O
5	O
and	O
10	O
.	O

Hepatocytes	O
of	O
the	O
ILK	O
/	O
liver	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
continued	O
to	O
proliferate	O
up	O
until	O
day	O
10	O
.	O

ILK	O
/	O
liver	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
also	O
showed	O
increased	O
expression	O
of	O
key	O
genes	O
involved	O
in	O
hepatocyte	O
proliferation	O
at	O
different	O
time	O
points	O
during	O
PB	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

In	O
summary	O
,	O
ECM	O
proteins	O
communicate	O
with	O
the	O
signaling	O
machinery	O
of	O
dividing	O
cells	O
via	O
ILK	O
to	O
regulate	O
hepatocyte	O
proliferation	O
and	O
termination	O
of	O
the	O
proliferative	O
response	O
.	O

Lack	O
of	O
ILK	O
in	O
the	O
hepatocytes	O
imparts	O
prolonged	O
proliferative	O
response	O
not	O
only	O
to	O
stimuli	O
related	O
to	O
liver	O
regeneration	O
but	O
also	O
to	O
xenobiotic	O
chemical	O
mitogens	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
PB	B-Chemical
.	O

Decreased	O
Expression	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
/	O
K	B-Chemical
-	O
ATPase	O
,	O
NHE3	O
,	O
NBC1	O
,	O
AQP1	O
and	O
OAT	O
in	O
Gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
Nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
aimed	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
altered	O
regulation	O
of	O
tubular	O
transporters	O
in	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
male	O
rats	O
(	O
200	O
~	O
250	O
g	O
)	O
were	O
subcutaneously	O
injected	O
with	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
)	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
tubular	O
transporters	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
immunoblotting	O
and	O
immunohistochemistry	O
.	O

The	O
mRNA	O
and	O
protein	O
expression	O
of	O
OAT	O
was	O
also	O
determined	O
.	O

Gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
exhibited	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
along	O
with	O
increased	O
plasma	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

Accordingly	O
,	O
the	O
fractional	O
excretion	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
increased	O
.	O

Urine	O
volume	O
was	O
increased	O
,	O
while	O
urine	O
osmolality	O
and	O
free	O
water	O
reabsorption	O
were	O
decreased	O
.	O

Immunoblotting	O
and	O
immunohistochemistry	O
revealed	O
decreased	O
expression	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
/	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
,	O
NHE3	O
,	O
NBC1	O
,	O
and	O
AQP1	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
of	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
expression	O
of	O
OAT1	O
and	O
OAT3	O
was	O
also	O
decreased	O
.	O

Gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
may	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
part	O
be	O
causally	O
related	O
with	O
a	O
decreased	O
expression	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
/	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
,	O
NHE3	O
,	O
NBC1	O
,	O
AQP1	O
and	O
OAT	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
ileostomy	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
(	O
HD	O
-	O
MTX	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
treatment	O
for	O
Burkitt	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
can	O
cause	O
hepatic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
when	O
its	O
clearance	O
is	O
delayed	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
HD	O
-	O
MTX	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
ileostomy	O
,	O
The	O
patient	O
was	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
who	O
had	O
received	O
a	O
living	O
-	O
related	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
for	O
congenital	O
biliary	B-Disease
atresia	I-Disease
.	O

At	O
day	O
833	O
after	O
the	O
transplantation	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
PTLD	B-Disease
(	O
post	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
transplantation	I-Disease
lymphoproliferative	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
,	O
Burkitt	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
type	I-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

During	O
induction	O
therapy	O
,	O
he	O
suffered	O
ileal	O
perforation	O
and	O
ileostomy	O
was	O
performed	O
.	O

Subsequent	O
HD	O
-	O
MTX	B-Chemical
therapy	O
caused	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
that	O
required	O
continuous	O
hemodialysis	O
.	O

We	O
supposed	O
that	O
intravascular	O
hypovolemia	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
substantial	O
drainage	O
from	O
the	O
ileostoma	O
caused	O
acute	B-Disease
prerenal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
of	O
his	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
we	O
could	O
safely	O
treat	O
the	O
patient	O
with	O
HD	O
-	O
MTX	B-Chemical
therapy	O
by	O
controlling	O
drainage	O
from	O
ileostoma	O
with	O
total	O
parenteral	O
nutrition	O
.	O

Longitudinal	O
association	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
use	O
with	O
HIV	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
progression	O
and	O
psychological	O
health	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
HIV	O
.	O

We	O
evaluated	O
the	O
association	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
and	O
depression	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
their	O
effects	O
on	O
HIV	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
progression	O
among	O
women	O
with	O
HIV	O
.	O

The	O
study	O
included	O
871	O
women	O
with	O
HIV	O
who	O
were	O
recruited	O
from	O
1993	O
-	O
1995	O
in	O
four	O
US	O
cities	O
.	O

The	O
participants	O
had	O
physical	O
examination	O
,	O
medical	O
record	O
extraction	O
,	O
and	O
venipuncture	O
,	O
CD4	O
+	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
counts	O
determination	O
,	O
measurement	O
of	O
depression	B-Disease
symptoms	O
(	O
using	O
the	O
self	O
-	O
report	O
Center	O
for	O
Epidemiological	O
Studies	O
-	O
Depression	B-Disease
Scale	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
use	O
assessment	O
at	O
enrollment	O
,	O
and	O
semiannually	O
until	O
March	O
2000	O
.	O

Multilevel	O
random	O
coefficient	O
ordinal	O
models	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
multilevel	O
models	O
with	O
joint	O
responses	O
were	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
analysis	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
association	O
between	O
level	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
use	O
and	O
CD4	O
+	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
counts	O
.	O

When	O
participants	O
were	O
stratified	O
by	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
ART	O
)	O
use	O
,	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
and	O
CD4	O
+	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
did	O
not	O
reach	O
statistical	O
significance	O
.	O

The	O
association	O
between	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
and	O
depression	B-Disease
was	O
significant	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Depression	B-Disease
had	O
a	O
significant	O
negative	O
effect	O
on	O
CD4	O
+	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
counts	O
over	O
time	O
regardless	O
of	O
ART	O
use	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
has	O
a	O
direct	O
association	O
with	O
depression	B-Disease
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
depression	B-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
HIV	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
progression	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
have	O
implications	O
for	O
the	O
provision	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
use	O
interventions	O
and	O
psychological	O
resources	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
health	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
HIV	O
.	O

Chemokine	O
CCL2	O
and	O
its	O
receptor	O
CCR2	O
are	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
following	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Neuroinflammation	B-Disease
occurs	O
after	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
epileptogenesis	O
.	O

CCR2	O
is	O
a	O
chemokine	O
receptor	O
for	O
CCL2	O
and	O
their	O
interaction	O
mediates	O
monocyte	O
infiltration	O
in	O
the	O
neuroinflammatory	B-Disease
cascade	O
triggered	O
in	O
different	O
brain	O
pathologies	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
work	O
CCR2	O
and	O
CCL2	O
expression	O
were	O
examined	O
following	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
SE	B-Disease
)	O
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
SE	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

Control	O
rats	O
were	O
injected	O
with	O
saline	O
instead	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

Five	O
days	O
after	O
SE	B-Disease
,	O
CCR2	O
staining	O
in	O
neurons	O
and	O
glial	O
cells	O
was	O
examined	O
using	O
imunohistochemical	O
analyses	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
CCR2	O
positive	O
cells	O
was	O
determined	O
using	O
stereology	O
probes	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

CCL2	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
was	O
examined	O
by	O
molecular	O
assay	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Increased	O
CCR2	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
after	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
also	O
resulted	O
in	O
alterations	O
to	O
the	O
cell	O
types	O
expressing	O
CCR2	O
.	O

Increased	O
numbers	O
of	O
neurons	O
that	O
expressed	O
CCR2	O
was	O
observed	O
following	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

Microglial	O
cells	O
were	O
more	O
closely	O
apposed	O
to	O
the	O
CCR2	O
-	O
labeled	O
cells	O
in	O
SE	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
rats	O
that	O
experienced	O
SE	B-Disease
exhibited	O
CCR2	O
-	O
labeling	O
in	O
populations	O
of	O
hypertrophied	B-Disease
astrocytes	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
CA1	O
and	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
.	O

These	O
CCR2	O
+	O
astroctytes	O
were	O
not	O
observed	O
in	O
control	O
rats	O
.	O

Examination	O
of	O
CCL2	O
expression	O
showed	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
elevated	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
following	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
data	O
show	O
that	O
CCR2	O
and	O
CCL2	O
are	O
up	O
-	O
regulated	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
after	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
also	O
result	O
in	O
changes	O
to	O
CCR2	O
receptor	O
expression	O
in	O
neurons	O
and	O
astrocytes	O
.	O

These	O
changes	O
might	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
detrimental	O
neuroplasticity	O
and	O
neuroinflammatory	B-Disease
changes	O
that	O
occur	O
following	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Metallothionein	B-Chemical
induction	O
reduces	O
caspase	O
-	O
3	O
activity	O
and	O
TNFalpha	O
levels	O
with	O
preservation	O
of	O
cognitive	O
function	O
and	O
intact	O
hippocampal	O
neurons	O
in	O
carmustine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Hippocampal	O
integrity	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
cognitive	O
functions	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
induction	O
of	O
metallothionein	B-Chemical
(	O
MT	B-Chemical
)	O
by	O
ZnSO	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
and	O
its	O
role	O
in	O
neuroprotection	O
has	O
been	O
documented	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
aimed	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
MT	B-Chemical
induction	O
on	O
carmustine	B-Chemical
(	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hippocampal	O
cognitive	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
60	O
male	O
Wistar	O
albino	O
rats	O
were	O
randomly	O
divided	O
into	O
four	O
groups	O
(	O
15	O
/	O
group	O
)	O
:	O
The	O
control	O
group	O
injected	O
with	O
single	O
doses	O
of	O
normal	O
saline	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
)	O
followed	O
24	O
h	O
later	O
by	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
solvent	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
group	O
administered	O
ZnSO	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
micromol	O
/	O
10	O
microl	O
normal	O
saline	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
,	O
once	O
)	O
then	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
solvent	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
)	O
after	O
24	O
h	O
.	O

Third	O
group	O
received	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
,	O
once	O
)	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
injection	O
with	O
normal	O
saline	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
)	O
.	O

Fourth	O
group	O
received	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
ZnSO	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
micromol	O
/	O
10	O
microl	O
normal	O
saline	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
)	O
then	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
,	O
once	O
)	O
after	O
24	O
h	O
.	O

The	O
obtained	O
data	O
revealed	O
that	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
administration	O
resulted	O
in	O
deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
short	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
term	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
(	O
STM	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
using	O
radial	O
arm	O
water	O
maze	O
,	O
accompanied	O
with	O
decreased	O
hippocampal	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
reductase	O
(	O
GR	O
)	O
activity	O
and	O
reduced	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
(	O
GSH	B-Chemical
)	O
content	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
administration	O
increased	O
serum	O
tumor	B-Disease
necrosis	B-Disease
factor	O
-	O
alpha	O
(	O
TNFalpha	O
)	O
,	O
hippocampal	O
MT	B-Chemical
and	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
(	O
MDA	B-Chemical
)	O
contents	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
caspase	O
-	O
3	O
activity	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
histological	O
alterations	O
.	O

ZnSO	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
pretreatment	O
counteracted	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
inhibition	O
of	O
GR	O
and	O
depletion	O
of	O
GSH	B-Chemical
and	O
resulted	O
in	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
MDA	B-Chemical
and	O
TNFalpha	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
caspase	O
-	O
3	O
.	O

The	O
histological	O
features	O
were	O
improved	O
in	O
hippocampus	O
of	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
ZnSO	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
+	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
compared	O
to	O
only	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
MT	B-Chemical
induction	O
halts	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hippocampal	O
toxicity	B-Disease
as	O
it	O
prevented	O
GR	O
inhibition	O
and	O
GSH	B-Chemical
depletion	O
and	O
counteracted	O
the	O
increased	O
levels	O
of	O
TNFalpha	O
,	O
MDA	B-Chemical
and	O
caspase	O
-	O
3	O
activity	O
with	O
subsequent	O
preservation	O
of	O
cognition	O
.	O

Fatal	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
induced	O
fulminant	B-Disease
eosinophilic	I-Disease
(	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
)	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
:	O
emphasis	O
on	O
anatomical	O
and	O
histological	O
characteristics	O
,	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
genetics	O
of	O
drug	B-Disease
hypersensitivity	I-Disease
and	O
differential	O
diagnosis	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
severe	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
to	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
haemopoietic	O
system	O
,	O
the	O
liver	O
and	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
system	O
.	O

A	O
frequently	O
fatal	O
,	O
although	O
exceptionally	O
rare	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
is	O
necrotizing	O
eosinophilic	O
(	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
)	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
myocarditis	B-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
administration	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
.	O

Acute	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
myocarditis	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
suspected	O
clinically	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
was	O
made	O
post	O
-	O
mortem	O
.	O

Histology	O
revealed	O
diffuse	O
infiltration	O
of	O
the	O
myocardium	O
by	O
eosinophils	O
and	O
lymphocytes	O
with	O
myocyte	O
damage	O
.	O

Clinically	O
,	O
death	O
was	O
due	O
to	O
cardiogenic	B-Disease
shock	I-Disease
.	O

To	O
best	O
of	O
our	O
knowledge	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
second	O
case	O
of	O
fatal	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
induced	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
reported	O
in	O
English	O
literature	O
.	O

Neuropsychiatric	O
behaviors	O
in	O
the	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
marmoset	O
model	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Neuropsychiatric	O
symptoms	O
are	O
increasingly	O
recognised	O
as	O
a	O
significant	O
problem	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

These	O
symptoms	O
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
'	O
sensitisation	O
'	O
following	O
repeated	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
treatment	O
or	O
a	O
direct	O
effect	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
disease	O
state	O
.	O

The	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
-	O
lesioned	O
marmoset	O
was	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
neuropsychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
in	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
compare	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
motor	O
fluctuations	O
and	O
neuropsychiatric	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
to	O
determine	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
duration	O
of	O
treatment	O
and	O
onset	O
of	O
symptoms	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Marmosets	O
were	O
administered	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydropyridine	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
for	O
five	O
days	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
stable	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
and	O
benserazide	B-Chemical
,	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O

b	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
,	O
was	O
administered	O
for	O
30	O
days	O
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
disability	I-Disease
,	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
and	O
on	O
-	O
time	O
(	O
motor	O
fluctuations	O
)	O
and	O
neuropsychiatric	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
on	O
Day	O
0	O
(	O
prior	O
to	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
13	O
,	O
27	O
and	O
30	O
of	O
treatment	O
using	O
post	O
hoc	O
DVD	O
analysis	O
by	O
a	O
trained	O
rater	O
,	O
blind	O
to	O
the	O
treatment	O
day	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
neuropsychiatric	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
rating	O
scale	O
demonstrated	O
high	O
interrater	O
reliability	O
between	O
three	O
trained	O
raters	O
of	O
differing	O
professional	O
backgrounds	O
.	O

As	O
anticipated	O
,	O
animals	O
exhibited	O
a	O
progressive	O
increase	O
in	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
motor	O
fluctuations	O
,	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
and	O
wearing	O
-	O
off	O
,	O
that	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neuropsychiatric	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
were	O
present	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
their	O
severity	O
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
duration	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
neuropsychiatric	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
in	O
PD	B-Disease
are	O
more	O
likely	O
an	O
interaction	O
between	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
disease	O
state	O
than	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
sensitisation	O
to	O
repeated	O
dopaminergic	O
therapy	O
.	O

Contrast	B-Chemical
medium	I-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
after	O
renal	O
artery	O
and	O
coronary	O
angioplasty	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
iodinated	O
contrast	B-Chemical
medium	I-Chemical
(	O
CM	B-Chemical
)	O
administration	O
can	O
minimize	O
the	O
benefit	O
of	O
the	O
interventional	O
procedure	O
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
renal	O
angioplasty	O
(	O
PTRA	O
)	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
compare	O
the	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
CM	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
PTRA	O
with	O
that	O
of	O
patients	O
submitted	O
to	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
intervention	O
(	O
PCI	O
)	O
.	O

MATERIAL	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
33	O
patients	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
PTRA	O
(	O
PTRA	O
group	O
,	O
mean	O
age	O
70	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
years	O
,	O
23	O
female	O
,	O
basal	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
46	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
79	O
,	O
range	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
)	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
33	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
successful	O
PCI	O
(	O
PCI	O
group	O
)	O
,	O
matched	O
for	O
basal	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
44	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
range	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
)	O
,	O
gender	O
,	O
and	O
age	O
.	O

In	O
both	O
groups	O
postprocedural	O
(	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
was	O
measured	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Postprocedural	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
level	O
decreased	O
nonsignificantly	O
in	O
the	O
PTRA	O
group	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
46	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
vs	O
.	O
1	O
.	O
34	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
NS	O
)	O
and	O
increased	O
significantly	O
in	O
the	O
PCI	O
group	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
44	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
.	O
1	O
.	O
57	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
after	O
intervention	O
(	O
after	O
-	O
before	O
)	O
were	O
significantly	O
different	O
between	O
the	O
PTRA	O
and	O
PCI	O
groups	O
(	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
12	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
vs	O
.	O
0	O
.	O
13	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
difference	O
was	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
either	O
a	O
different	O
clinical	O
risk	O
profile	O
or	O
to	O
the	O
volume	O
of	O
CM	B-Chemical
administered	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
preliminary	O
study	O
patients	O
submitted	O
to	O
PTRA	O
showed	O
a	O
lower	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
CM	B-Chemical
administration	O
than	O
PCI	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
PTRA	O
on	O
renal	O
function	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
barely	O
influenced	O
by	O
CM	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Diphenhydramine	B-Chemical
prevents	O
the	O
haemodynamic	O
changes	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
in	O
ICU	O
patients	O
.	O

Cimetidine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
histamine	B-Chemical
2	O
(	O
H2	O
)	O
antagonist	O
,	O
produces	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
due	O
to	O
vasodilatation	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
critically	O
ill	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
may	O
be	O
because	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
acts	O
as	O
a	O
histamine	B-Chemical
agonist	O
.	O

We	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
investigated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
histamine	B-Chemical
1	O
(	O
H1	O
)	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
diphenhydramine	B-Chemical
,	O
on	O
the	O
haemodynamic	O
changes	O
observed	O
after	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
in	O
ICU	O
patients	O
.	O

Each	O
patient	O
was	O
studied	O
on	O
two	O
separate	O
days	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
random	O
fashion	O
,	O
they	O
received	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
iv	O
on	O
one	O
day	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
,	O
a	O
pretreatment	O
of	O
diphenhydramine	B-Chemical
40	O
mg	O
iv	O
with	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
iv	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
pretreatment	O
group	O
,	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
decreased	O
from	O
107	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
4	O
mmHg	O
to	O
86	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
.	O
4	O
mmHg	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
two	O
minutes	O
after	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Also	O
,	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
(	O
SVR	O
)	O
decreased	O
during	O
the	O
eight	O
-	O
minute	O
observation	O
period	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
pretreatment	O
group	O
,	O
little	O
haemodynamic	O
change	O
was	O
seen	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
an	O
H1	O
antagonist	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
preventing	O
hypotension	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
iv	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
,	O
since	O
the	O
vasodilating	O
activity	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
is	O
mediated	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
,	O
through	O
the	O
H1	O
receptor	O
.	O

Medical	O
and	O
psychiatric	O
outcomes	O
for	O
patients	O
transplanted	O
for	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
cause	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
ALF	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
.	O

Patients	O
often	O
consume	O
the	O
drug	O
with	O
suicidal	O
intent	O
or	O
with	O
a	O
background	O
of	O
substance	O
dependence	O
.	O

AIMS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
compared	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
pretransplant	O
illness	O
,	O
psychiatric	O
co	O
-	O
morbidity	O
,	O
medical	O
and	O
psychosocial	O
outcomes	O
of	O
all	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
undergone	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
(	O
LT	O
)	O
emergently	O
between	O
1999	O
-	O
2004	O
for	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
36	O
)	O
with	O
age	O
-	O
and	O
sex	O
-	O
matched	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
emergent	O
LT	O
for	O
non	O
-	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
35	O
)	O
and	O
elective	O
LT	O
for	O
chronic	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
CLD	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
34	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
undergoing	O
LT	O
had	O
a	O
greater	O
severity	O
of	O
pre	O
-	O
LT	O
illness	O
reflected	O
by	O
higher	O
Acute	O
Physiology	O
and	O
Chronic	O
Health	O
Evaluation	O
II	O
scores	O
and	O
requirement	O
for	O
organ	O
support	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
other	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Twenty	O
(	O
56	O
%	O
)	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
had	O
a	O
formal	O
psychiatric	O
diagnosis	O
before	O
LT	O
(	O
non	O
-	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
=	O
0	O
/	O
35	O
,	O
CLD	B-Disease
=	O
2	O
/	O
34	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
for	O
all	O
)	O
and	O
nine	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
a	O
previous	O
suicide	O
attempt	O
.	O

During	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
(	O
median	O
5	O
years	O
)	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
rejection	O
(	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
)	O
,	O
graft	O
failure	O
or	O
survival	O
between	O
the	O
groups	O
(	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
1	O
year	O
87	O
%	O
,	O
5	O
years	O
75	O
%	O
;	O
non	O
-	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
88	O
%	O
,	O
78	O
%	O
;	O
CLD	B-Disease
93	O
%	O
,	O
82	O
%	O
:	O
P	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
log	O
rank	O
)	O
.	O

Two	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
reattempted	O
suicide	O
post	O
-	O
LT	O
(	O
one	O
died	O
8	O
years	O
post	O
-	O
LT	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Despite	O
a	O
high	O
prevalence	O
of	O
psychiatric	O
disturbance	O
,	O
outcomes	O
for	O
patients	O
transplanted	O
emergently	O
for	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
were	O
comparable	O
to	O
those	O
transplanted	O
for	O
non	O
-	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
and	O
electively	O
for	O
CLD	B-Disease
.	O

Multidisciplinary	O
approaches	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
psychiatric	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
low	O
post	O
-	O
transplant	O
suicide	O
rates	O
seen	O
and	O
low	O
rates	O
of	O
graft	O
loss	O
because	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
compliance	O
.	O

Antithrombotic	O
drug	O
use	O
,	O
cerebral	B-Disease
microbleeds	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
systematic	O
review	O
of	O
published	O
and	O
unpublished	O
studies	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
PURPOSE	O
:	O
Cerebral	B-Disease
microbleeds	I-Disease
(	O
MB	B-Disease
)	O
are	O
potential	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
ICH	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
unclear	O
if	O
they	O
are	O
a	O
contraindication	O
to	O
using	O
antithrombotic	O
drugs	O
.	O

Insights	O
could	O
be	O
gained	O
by	O
pooling	O
data	O
on	O
MB	B-Disease
frequency	O
stratified	O
by	O
antithrombotic	O
use	O
in	O
cohorts	O
with	O
ICH	B-Disease
and	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
(	O
IS	B-Disease
)	O
/	O
transient	B-Disease
ischemic	I-Disease
attack	I-Disease
(	O
TIA	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
performed	O
a	O
systematic	O
review	O
of	O
published	O
and	O
unpublished	O
data	O
from	O
cohorts	O
with	O
stroke	B-Disease
or	O
TIA	B-Disease
to	O
compare	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
MB	B-Disease
in	O
:	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
antithrombotic	O
users	O
vs	O
nonantithrombotic	O
users	O
with	O
ICH	B-Disease
;	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
antithrombotic	O
users	O
vs	O
nonusers	O
with	O
IS	B-Disease
/	O
TIA	B-Disease
;	O
and	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
ICH	B-Disease
vs	O
ischemic	B-Disease
events	O
stratified	O
by	O
antithrombotic	O
use	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
analyzed	O
published	O
and	O
unpublished	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
data	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
ICH	B-Disease
in	O
antithrombotic	O
users	O
with	O
MB	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
pooled	O
analysis	O
of	O
1460	O
ICH	B-Disease
and	O
3817	O
IS	B-Disease
/	O
TIA	B-Disease
,	O
MB	B-Disease
were	O
more	O
frequent	O
in	O
ICH	B-Disease
vs	O
IS	B-Disease
/	O
TIA	B-Disease
in	O
all	O
treatment	O
groups	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
excess	O
increased	O
from	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
(	O
odds	O
ratio	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
in	O
nonantithrombotic	O
users	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
7	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
in	O
antiplatelet	O
users	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
0	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
17	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
in	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
users	O
(	O
P	O
difference	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
also	O
an	O
excess	O
of	O
MB	B-Disease
in	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
users	O
vs	O
nonusers	O
with	O
ICH	B-Disease
(	O
OR	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
but	O
none	O
in	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
users	O
with	O
IS	B-Disease
/	O
TIA	B-Disease
(	O
OR	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
33	O
;	O
P	O
difference	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
smaller	O
excess	O
of	O
MB	B-Disease
in	O
antiplatelet	O
users	O
vs	O
nonusers	O
with	O
ICH	B-Disease
(	O
OR	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
findings	O
were	O
similar	O
for	O
antiplatelet	O
users	O
with	O
IS	B-Disease
/	O
TIA	B-Disease
(	O
OR	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
;	O
P	O
difference	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
pooled	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
data	O
for	O
768	O
antithrombotic	O
users	O
,	O
presence	O
of	O
MB	B-Disease
at	O
baseline	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
substantially	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
subsequent	O
ICH	B-Disease
(	O
OR	O
,	O
12	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
42	O
.	O
5	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
excess	O
of	O
MB	B-Disease
in	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
users	O
with	O
ICH	B-Disease
compared	O
to	O
other	O
groups	O
suggests	O
that	O
MB	B-Disease
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
ICH	B-Disease
.	O

Limited	O
prospective	O
data	O
corroborate	O
these	O
findings	O
,	O
but	O
larger	O
prospective	O
studies	O
are	O
urgently	O
required	O
.	O

Studies	O
of	O
synergy	O
between	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
a	O
novel	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
,	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
rat	O
models	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
and	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
determined	O
the	O
antihyperalgesic	O
effect	O
of	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
with	O
antioxidant	O
properties	O
given	O
alone	O
and	O
in	O
combinations	O
with	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
rat	O
models	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
and	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Dose	O
response	O
curves	O
for	O
nonsedating	O
doses	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
given	O
intraperitoneally	O
alone	O
and	O
together	O
in	O
combinations	O
were	O
constructed	O
for	O
antihyperalgesic	O
effect	O
using	O
paw	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
noxious	O
heat	O
in	O
two	O
rat	O
pain	B-Disease
models	O
:	O
carrageenan	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
paw	O
inflammation	B-Disease
and	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
(	O
STZ	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
diabetic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
maximum	O
nonsedating	O
doses	O
were	O
:	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
10	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
with	O
morphine	B-Chemical
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
combination	O
.	O

The	O
doses	O
calculated	O
to	O
cause	O
50	O
%	O
reversal	O
of	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
(	O
ED50	O
)	O
were	O
7	O
.	O
54	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
81	O
)	O
and	O
4	O
.	O
83	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
54	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
carrageenan	B-Chemical
model	O
and	O
44	O
.	O
18	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
37	O
)	O
and	O
9	O
.	O
14	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
24	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
model	O
for	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
and	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
mean	O
,	O
SEM	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
values	O
were	O
greater	O
than	O
the	O
maximum	O
nonsedating	O
doses	O
.	O

The	O
ED50	O
values	O
for	O
morphine	B-Chemical
when	O
given	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
were	O
less	O
than	O
the	O
maximum	O
nonsedating	O
dose	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
56	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
55	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
carrageenan	B-Chemical
model	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
37	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
23	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
model	O
(	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
mean	O
,	O
SEM	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
antinociception	O
after	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
increased	O
by	O
co	O
-	O
administration	O
with	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
from	O
28	O
.	O
0	O
and	O
31	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
to	O
114	O
.	O
6	O
and	O
56	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
reversal	O
of	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
inflammatory	O
and	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
models	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
;	O
one	O
-	O
way	O
analysis	O
of	O
variance	O
-	O
significantly	O
greater	O
than	O
either	O
drug	O
given	O
alone	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
maximum	O
antihyperalgesic	O
effect	O
achievable	O
with	O
nonsedating	O
doses	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
increased	O
significantly	O
when	O
the	O
drug	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
CNSB002	B-Chemical
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
practical	O
review	O
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
(	O
HIT	B-Disease
)	O
remains	O
under	O
-	O
recognized	O
despite	O
its	O
potentially	O
devastating	O
outcomes	O
.	O

It	O
begins	O
when	O
heparin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
stimulates	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
platelet	O
factor	O
4	O
antibodies	O
,	O
which	O
in	O
turn	O
triggers	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
procoagulant	O
platelet	O
particles	O
.	O

Thrombosis	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
that	O
follow	O
comprise	O
the	O
2	O
hallmark	O
traits	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
the	O
former	O
largely	O
responsible	O
for	O
significant	O
vascular	O
complications	O
.	O

The	O
prevalence	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
varies	O
among	O
several	O
subgroups	O
,	O
with	O
greater	O
incidence	O
in	O
surgical	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
medical	O
populations	O
.	O

HIT	B-Disease
must	O
be	O
acknowledged	O
for	O
its	O
intense	O
predilection	O
for	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
and	O
suspected	O
whenever	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
occurs	O
after	O
heparin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

Early	O
recognition	O
that	O
incorporates	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
serologic	O
clues	O
is	O
paramount	O
to	O
timely	O
institution	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
as	O
its	O
delay	O
may	O
result	O
in	O
catastrophic	O
outcomes	O
.	O

The	O
treatment	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
mandates	O
an	O
immediate	O
cessation	O
of	O
all	O
heparin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
and	O
the	O
institution	O
of	O
an	O
antithrombotic	O
therapy	O
,	O
most	O
commonly	O
using	O
a	O
direct	B-Chemical
thrombin	I-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
.	O

Current	O
"	O
diagnostic	O
"	O
tests	O
,	O
which	O
primarily	O
include	O
functional	O
and	O
antigenic	O
assays	O
,	O
have	O
more	O
of	O
a	O
confirmatory	O
than	O
diagnostic	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
.	O

Special	O
attention	O
must	O
be	O
paid	O
to	O
cardiac	O
patients	O
who	O
are	O
often	O
exposed	O
to	O
heparin	B-Chemical
multiple	O
times	O
during	O
their	O
course	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Direct	B-Chemical
thrombin	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
are	O
appropriate	O
,	O
evidence	O
-	O
based	O
alternatives	O
to	O
heparin	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
,	O
who	O
need	O
to	O
undergo	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
intervention	O
.	O

As	O
heparin	B-Chemical
remains	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
frequently	O
used	O
medications	O
today	O
with	O
potential	O
for	O
HIT	B-Disease
with	O
every	O
heparin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
,	O
a	O
close	O
vigilance	O
of	O
platelet	O
counts	O
must	O
be	O
practiced	O
whenever	O
heparin	B-Chemical
is	O
initiated	O
.	O

Abductor	O
paralysis	B-Disease
after	O
botox	B-Chemical
injection	O
for	O
adductor	B-Disease
spasmodic	I-Disease
dysphonia	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
/	O
HYPOTHESIS	O
:	O
Botulinum	O
toxin	O
(	O
Botox	B-Chemical
)	O
injections	O
into	O
the	O
thyroarytenoid	O
muscles	O
are	O
the	O
current	O
standard	O
of	O
care	O
for	O
adductor	B-Disease
spasmodic	I-Disease
dysphonia	I-Disease
(	O
ADSD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Reported	O
adverse	O
effects	O
include	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
breathiness	O
,	O
throat	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
difficulty	O
with	O
swallowing	O
liquids	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
report	O
multiple	O
cases	O
of	O
bilateral	O
abductor	O
paralysis	B-Disease
following	O
Botox	B-Chemical
injections	O
for	O
ADSD	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
complication	O
previously	O
unreported	O
.	O

STUDY	O
DESIGN	O
:	O
Retrospective	O
case	O
series	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
that	O
received	O
Botox	B-Chemical
injections	O
for	O
spasmodic	B-Disease
dysphonia	I-Disease
between	O
January	O
2000	O
and	O
October	O
2009	O
were	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
ADSD	B-Disease
were	O
identified	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
treatments	O
received	O
and	O
adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
noted	O
.	O

For	O
patients	O
with	O
bilateral	O
abductor	O
paralysis	B-Disease
,	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
paralytic	O
Botox	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
prior	O
Botox	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
and	O
course	O
following	O
paralysis	B-Disease
were	O
noted	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
From	O
a	O
database	O
of	O
452	O
patients	O
receiving	O
Botox	B-Chemical
,	O
352	O
patients	O
had	O
been	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
ADSD	B-Disease
.	O

Of	O
these	O
352	O
patients	O
,	O
eight	O
patients	O
suffered	O
bilateral	O
abductor	O
paralysis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
two	O
suffered	O
this	O
complication	O
twice	O
.	O

All	O
affected	O
patients	O
were	O
females	O
over	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
50	O
years	O
.	O

Most	O
patients	O
had	O
received	O
treatments	O
prior	O
to	O
abductor	O
paralysis	B-Disease
and	O
continued	O
receiving	O
after	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

Seven	O
patients	O
recovered	O
after	O
a	O
brief	O
period	O
of	O
activity	O
restrictions	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
underwent	O
a	O
tracheotomy	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
abductor	O
paralysis	B-Disease
after	O
Botox	B-Chemical
injection	O
for	O
ADSD	B-Disease
was	O
0	O
.	O
34	O
%	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Bilateral	O
abductor	O
paralysis	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
of	O
Botox	B-Chemical
injections	O
for	O
ADSD	B-Disease
,	O
causing	O
difficulty	O
with	O
breathing	O
upon	O
exertion	O
.	O

The	O
likely	O
mechanism	O
of	O
paralysis	B-Disease
is	O
diffusion	O
of	O
Botox	B-Chemical
around	O
the	O
muscular	O
process	O
of	O
the	O
arytenoid	O
to	O
the	O
posterior	O
cricoarytenoid	O
muscles	O
.	O

The	O
paralysis	B-Disease
is	O
temporary	O
,	O
and	O
watchful	O
waiting	O
with	O
restriction	O
of	O
activity	O
is	O
the	O
recommended	O
management	O
.	O

Mitochondrial	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
contributes	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
:	O
Prevention	O
by	O
the	O
targeted	O
antioxidant	O
MitoQ	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
goal	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
mitochondrial	O
function	O
and	O
ROS	O
production	O
in	O
an	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
may	O
lead	O
to	O
altered	O
mitochondrial	O
function	O
that	O
in	O
turn	O
may	O
cause	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Seven	O
days	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
to	O
rats	O
led	O
to	O
an	O
increased	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
detected	O
in	O
cardiac	O
fibers	O
,	O
specifically	O
through	O
complex	O
I	O
and	O
complex	O
III	O
.	O

ROS	O
levels	O
were	O
increased	O
,	O
specifically	O
in	O
interfibrillar	O
mitochondria	O
.	O

In	O
parallel	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
ATP	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
,	O
whereas	O
no	O
difference	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
subsarcolemmal	O
mitochondria	O
.	O

This	O
uncoupling	O
effect	O
on	O
oxidative	O
phosphorylation	O
was	O
not	O
detectable	O
after	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
exposure	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
these	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
were	O
a	O
late	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
primary	O
event	O
in	O
the	O
pathological	O
response	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

MitoQ	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
mitochondrial	O
-	O
targeted	O
antioxidant	O
,	O
was	O
shown	O
to	O
completely	O
prevent	O
these	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
characterized	O
here	O
by	O
a	O
diastolic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
studied	O
with	O
a	O
conductance	O
catheter	O
to	O
obtain	O
pressure	O
-	O
volume	O
data	O
.	O

Taken	O
together	O
,	O
these	O
results	O
extend	O
previous	O
studies	O
and	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
defect	I-Disease
.	O

Trimethoprim	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
immune	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
pediatric	O
oncology	O
patient	O
presenting	O
as	O
an	O
acute	O
hemolytic	O
transfusion	O
reaction	O
.	O

A	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
presented	O
with	O
post	O
-	O
chemotherapy	O
anemia	B-Disease
.	O

During	O
red	O
cell	O
transfusion	O
,	O
he	O
developed	O
hemoglobinuria	B-Disease
.	O

Transfusion	O
reaction	O
workup	O
was	O
negative	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
induced	O
immune	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
was	O
suspected	O
because	O
of	O
positive	O
direct	O
antiglobulin	O
test	O
,	O
negative	O
eluate	O
,	O
and	O
microspherocytes	O
on	O
smear	O
pre	O
-	O
and	O
post	O
-	O
transfusion	O
.	O

Drug	O
studies	O
using	O
the	O
indirect	O
antiglobulin	O
test	O
were	O
strongly	O
positive	O
with	O
trimethoprim	B-Chemical
and	O
trimethoprim	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sulfamethoxazole	I-Chemical
but	O
negative	O
with	O
sulfamethoxazole	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
recovered	O
after	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
drug	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
recurrence	O
in	O
2	O
years	O
.	O

Other	O
causes	O
of	O
anemia	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
worse	O
-	O
than	O
-	O
expected	O
anemia	B-Disease
after	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
during	O
transfusion	O
is	O
not	O
always	O
a	O
transfusion	O
reaction	O
.	O

Verapamil	B-Chemical
stimulation	O
test	O
in	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
:	O
loss	O
of	O
prolactin	O
response	O
in	O
anatomic	O
or	O
functional	O
stalk	O
effect	O
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
Verapamil	B-Chemical
stimulation	O
test	O
was	O
previously	O
investigated	O
as	O
a	O
tool	O
for	O
differential	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
with	O
conflicting	O
results	O
.	O

Macroprolactinemia	B-Disease
was	O
never	O
considered	O
in	O
those	O
previous	O
studies	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
aimed	O
to	O
re	O
-	O
investigate	O
the	O
diagnostic	O
value	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
population	O
who	O
were	O
all	O
screened	O
for	O
macroprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

Prolactin	O
responses	O
to	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
in	O
65	O
female	O
patients	O
(	O
age	O
:	O
29	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
1	O
years	O
)	O
with	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
were	O
tested	O
in	O
a	O
descriptive	O
,	O
matched	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Verapamil	B-Chemical
80	O
mg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
was	O
administered	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
PRL	O
levels	O
were	O
measured	O
at	O
8th	O
and	O
16th	O
hours	O
,	O
by	O
immunometric	O
chemiluminescence	O
.	O

Verapamil	B-Chemical
responsiveness	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
peak	O
percent	O
change	O
in	O
basal	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
(	O
PRL	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Verapamil	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
PRL	O
levels	O
in	O
healthy	O
controls	O
(	O
N	O
.	O
8	O
,	O
PRL	O
:	O
183	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
macroprolactinoma	B-Disease
(	O
N	O
.	O
8	O
,	O
PRL	O
:	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
microprolactinoma	B-Disease
(	O
N	O
.	O
19	O
,	O
PRL	O
:	O
21	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
macroprolactinemia	B-Disease
(	O
N	O
.	O
23	O
,	O
PRL	O
:	O
126	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
pseudoprolactinoma	B-Disease
(	O
N	O
.	O
8	O
,	O
PRL	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
(	O
N	O
.	O
7	O
,	O
PRL	O
:	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

ROC	O
curve	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
that	O
unresponsiveness	O
to	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
defined	O
as	O
PRL	O
<	O
7	O
%	O
,	O
discriminated	O
anatomical	O
or	O
functional	O
stalk	O
effect	O
(	O
sensitivity	O
:	O
74	O
%	O
,	O
specificity	O
:	O
73	O
%	O
,	O
AUC	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
855	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
,	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
768	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
942	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
pseudoprolactinoma	B-Disease
or	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Verapamil	B-Chemical
responsiveness	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
reliable	O
finding	O
for	O
the	O
differential	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
unresponsiveness	O
discriminates	O
stalk	O
effect	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
anatomically	O
or	O
functionally	O
inhibited	O
dopaminergic	O
tonus	O
)	O
from	O
other	O
causes	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
with	O
varying	O
degrees	O
of	O
responsiveness	O
.	O

Blockade	O
of	O
endothelial	O
-	O
mesenchymal	O
transition	O
by	O
a	O
Smad3	O
inhibitor	O
delays	O
the	O
early	O
development	O
of	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
A	O
multicenter	O
,	O
controlled	O
trial	O
showed	O
that	O
early	O
blockade	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
type	B-Disease
1	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
and	O
normoalbuminuria	O
did	O
not	O
retard	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
other	O
mechanism	O
(	O
s	O
)	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
early	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
(	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
previously	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
endothelial	O
-	O
mesenchymal	O
-	O
transition	O
(	O
EndoMT	O
)	O
contributes	O
to	O
the	O
early	O
development	O
of	O
renal	O
interstitial	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
independently	O
of	O
microalbuminuria	O
in	O
mice	O
with	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
(	O
STZ	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
blocking	O
EndoMT	O
reduces	O
the	O
early	O
development	O
of	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

RESEARCH	O
DESIGN	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
EndoMT	O
was	O
induced	O
in	O
a	O
mouse	O
pancreatic	O
microvascular	O
endothelial	O
cell	O
line	O
(	O
MMEC	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
advanced	O
glycation	O
end	O
products	O
(	O
AGEs	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
endothelial	O
lineage	O
-	O
traceble	O
mouse	O
line	O
Tie2	O
-	O
Cre	O
;	O
Loxp	O
-	O
EGFP	O
by	O
administration	O
of	O
AGEs	O
,	O
with	O
nonglycated	O
mouse	O
albumin	O
serving	O
as	O
a	O
control	O
.	O

Phosphorylated	O
Smad3	O
was	O
detected	O
by	O
immunoprecipitation	O
/	O
Western	O
blotting	O
and	O
confocal	O
microscopy	O
.	O

Blocking	O
studies	O
using	O
receptor	O
for	O
AGE	O
siRNA	O
and	O
a	O
specific	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
Smad3	O
(	O
SIS3	O
)	O
were	O
performed	O
in	O
MMECs	O
and	O
in	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
in	O
Tie2	O
-	O
Cre	O
;	O
Loxp	O
-	O
EGFP	O
mice	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Confocal	O
microscopy	O
and	O
real	O
-	O
time	O
PCR	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
AGEs	O
induced	O
EndoMT	O
in	O
MMECs	O
and	O
in	O
Tie2	O
-	O
Cre	O
;	O
Loxp	O
-	O
EGFP	O
mice	O
.	O

Immunoprecipitation	O
/	O
Western	O
blotting	O
showed	O
that	O
Smad3	O
was	O
activated	O
by	O
AGEs	O
but	O
was	O
inhibited	O
by	O
SIS3	O
in	O
MMECs	O
and	O
in	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Confocal	O
microscopy	O
and	O
real	O
-	O
time	O
PCR	O
further	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
SIS3	O
abrogated	O
EndoMT	O
,	O
reduced	O
renal	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
retarded	O
progression	O
of	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
EndoMT	O
is	O
a	O
novel	O
pathway	O
leading	O
to	O
early	O
development	O
of	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Blockade	O
of	O
EndoMT	O
by	O
SIS3	O
may	O
provide	O
a	O
new	O
strategy	O
to	O
retard	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
and	O
other	O
diabetes	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
.	O

Cytostatic	O
and	O
anti	O
-	O
angiogenic	O
effects	O
of	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
refractory	O
mantle	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

Mantle	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
(	O
MCL	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
and	O
aggressive	O
type	O
of	O
B	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
non	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
Hodgkin	I-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
become	O
progressively	O
refractory	O
to	O
conventional	O
chemotherapy	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
prognosis	O
is	O
poor	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
a	O
38	O
%	O
remission	O
rate	O
has	O
been	O
recently	O
reported	O
in	O
refractory	O
MCL	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
mTOR	O
inhibitor	O
.	O
Here	O
we	O
had	O
the	O
opportunity	O
to	O
study	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
refractory	O
MCL	B-Disease
who	O
had	O
tumor	B-Disease
regression	O
two	O
months	O
after	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
progression	O
-	O
free	O
survival	O
of	O
10	O
months	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
case	O
,	O
lymph	O
node	O
biopsies	O
were	O
performed	O
before	O
and	O
six	O
months	O
after	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
that	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
tumor	B-Disease
cell	O
proliferation	O
through	O
cell	O
cycle	O
arrest	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
induce	O
any	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
apoptotic	O
tumor	B-Disease
cells	O
.	O

Apart	O
from	O
this	O
cytostatic	O
effect	O
,	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
had	O
an	O
antiangiogenic	O
effect	O
with	O
decrease	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
microvessel	O
density	O
and	O
of	O
VEGF	O
expression	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
numerous	O
patchy	O
,	O
well	O
-	O
limited	O
fibrotic	O
areas	O
,	O
compatible	O
with	O
post	O
-	O
necrotic	B-Disease
tissue	O
repair	O
,	O
were	O
found	O
after	O
6	O
-	O
month	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
reduced	O
tumor	B-Disease
burden	O
through	O
associated	O
cytostatic	O
and	O
anti	O
-	O
angiogenic	O
effects	O
.	O
This	O
dual	O
effect	O
of	O
temsirolimus	B-Chemical
on	O
tumor	B-Disease
tissue	O
could	O
contribute	O
to	O
its	O
recently	O
reported	O
efficiency	O
in	O
refractory	O
MCL	B-Disease
resistant	O
to	O
conventional	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
23	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
patient	O
with	O
bacteriologically	O
proven	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
tuberculosis	I-Disease
was	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
various	O
regimens	O
of	O
antituberculosis	O
drugs	O
for	O
nearly	O
15	O
months	O
.	O

Rifampicin	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
thrice	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
drug	O
regimen	O
and	O
each	O
time	O
he	O
developed	O
untoward	O
side	O
effects	O
like	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	B-Disease
and	O
fever	B-Disease
with	O
chills	O
and	O
rigors	O
.	O

The	O
last	O
such	O
episode	O
was	O
of	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
at	O
which	O
stage	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
seen	O
by	O
the	O
authors	O
of	O
this	O
report	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
made	O
a	O
full	O
recovery	O
.	O

Syncope	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
during	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
combined	O
therapy	O
with	O
the	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
and	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
76	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
coronary	O
artery	O
bypass	O
grafting	O
and	O
prior	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
transferred	O
to	O
the	O
emergency	O
room	O
with	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
consciousness	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
marked	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
concentration	O
of	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
was	O
high	O
,	O
and	O
normal	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
was	O
restored	O
after	O
correction	O
of	O
the	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
level	O
.	O

The	O
cause	O
of	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
was	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
several	O
doses	O
of	O
spiranolactone	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
intake	O
of	O
ramipril	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
ACE	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
is	O
a	O
good	O
example	O
of	O
electrolyte	O
imbalance	O
causing	O
acute	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
cardiac	O
events	O
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
alert	O
to	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
,	O
especially	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
using	O
ACE	O
/	O
ARB	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
potassium	B-Chemical
sparing	O
agents	O
and	O
who	O
have	O
mild	O
renal	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
.	O

Diffuse	O
skeletal	O
pain	B-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
alendronate	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Osteoporosis	B-Disease
is	O
caused	O
by	O
bone	O
resorption	O
in	O
excess	O
of	O
bone	O
formation	O
,	O
and	O
bisphosphonates	B-Chemical
,	O
are	O
used	O
to	O
inhibit	O
bone	O
resorption	O
.	O

Alendronate	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
biphosphonate	B-Chemical
,	O
is	O
effective	O
for	O
both	O
the	O
treatment	O
and	O
prevention	O
of	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
in	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

Side	O
effects	O
are	O
relatively	O
few	O
and	O
prominently	O
gastrointestinal	O
.	O

Musculoskeletal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
an	O
important	O
side	O
effect	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
presented	O
a	O
patient	O
admitted	O
to	O
our	O
out	O
-	O
patient	O
clinic	O
with	O
diffuse	O
skeletal	O
pain	B-Disease
after	O
three	O
consecutive	O
administration	O
of	O
alendronate	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
We	O
conclude	O
that	O
patients	O
with	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
can	O
report	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
bisphosphonate	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
pain	B-Disease
should	O
also	O
be	O
considered	O
before	O
ascribing	O
this	O
complaint	O
to	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
.	O

Cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
penetration	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
daptomycin	B-Chemical
in	O
suspected	O
Staphylococcus	O
aureus	O
meningitis	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
methicillin	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
Staphylococcus	O
aureus	O
(	O
MSSA	O
)	O
bacteremia	B-Disease
with	O
suspected	O
MSSA	O
meningitis	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
daptomycin	B-Chemical
assessed	O
with	O
concurrent	O
serum	O
and	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
(	O
CSF	O
)	O
concentrations	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
54	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
with	O
generalized	O
weakness	B-Disease
and	O
presumed	O
health	O
-	O
care	O
-	O
associated	O
pneumonia	B-Disease
shown	O
on	O
chest	O
radiograph	O
.	O

Treatment	O
was	O
empirically	O
initiated	O
with	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
,	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
piperacillin	B-Chemical
/	O
tazobactam	B-Chemical
.	O

Blood	O
cultures	O
revealed	O
S	O
.	O
aureus	O
susceptible	O
to	O
oxacillin	B-Chemical
.	O

Empiric	O
antibiotic	O
treatment	O
was	O
narrowed	O
to	O
nafcillin	B-Chemical
on	O
day	O
4	O
.	O

On	O
day	O
8	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
,	O
increased	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
the	O
previous	O
day	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
on	O
admission	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
Glasgow	O
Coma	O
Score	O
was	O
3	O
,	O
with	O
normal	O
findings	O
shown	O
on	O
computed	O
tomography	O
scan	O
of	O
the	O
head	O
72	O
hours	O
following	O
an	O
episode	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
on	O
day	O
10	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
experienced	O
relapsing	O
MSSA	O
bacteremia	B-Disease
on	O
day	O
9	O
,	O
increasing	O
the	O
suspicion	O
for	O
a	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
CNS	O
)	O
infection	B-Disease
.	O

Nafcillin	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
daptomycin	B-Chemical
9	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
daily	O
was	O
initiated	O
for	O
suspected	O
meningitis	B-Disease
and	O
was	O
continued	O
until	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
death	O
on	O
day	O
16	O
.	O

Daptomycin	B-Chemical
serum	O
and	O
CSF	O
trough	O
concentrations	O
were	O
11	O
.	O
21	O
ug	O
/	O
mL	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
52	O
ug	O
/	O
mL	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
prior	O
to	O
the	O
third	O
dose	O
.	O

Lumbar	O
puncture	O
results	O
were	O
inconclusive	O
and	O
no	O
further	O
blood	O
cultures	O
were	O
positive	O
for	O
MSSA	O
.	O

Creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
levels	O
were	O
normal	O
prior	O
to	O
daptomycin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
were	O
not	O
reassessed	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Daptomycin	B-Chemical
was	O
initiated	O
in	O
our	O
patient	O
secondary	O
to	O
possible	O
nafcillin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
and	O
relapsing	O
bacteremia	B-Disease
.	O

At	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
9	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
resultant	O
penetration	O
of	O
5	O
%	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
in	O
previous	O
reports	O
,	O
more	O
consistent	O
with	O
inflamed	O
meninges	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
High	O
-	O
dose	O
daptomycin	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
an	O
alternative	O
option	O
for	O
MSSA	O
bacteremia	B-Disease
with	O
or	O
without	O
a	O
CNS	O
source	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
failed	O
or	O
cannot	O
tolerate	O
standard	O
therapy	O
.	O

Further	O
clinical	O
evaluation	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
confirmed	O
meningitis	B-Disease
is	O
warranted	O
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
in	O
convulsions	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
lindane	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Lindane	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
organochloride	O
pesticide	O
and	O
scabicide	O
.	O

It	O
evokes	O
convulsions	B-Disease
mainly	O
trough	O
the	O
blockage	O
of	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptors	O
.	O

Nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
gaseous	O
neurotransmitter	O
,	O
has	O
contradictor	O
role	O
in	O
epileptogenesis	O
due	O
to	O
opposite	O
effects	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
,	O
precursor	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
syntheses	O
(	O
NOS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
(	O
NOS	O
inhibitor	O
)	O
observed	O
in	O
different	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
models	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
behavioral	O
and	O
EEG	O
characteristics	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
in	O
male	O
Wistar	O
albino	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
(	O
600	O
,	O
800	O
and	O
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
in	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
significantly	O
increased	O
convulsion	B-Disease
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
and	O
shortened	O
latency	O
time	O
to	O
first	O
convulsion	B-Disease
elicited	O
by	O
lower	O
lindane	B-Chemical
dose	O
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
(	O
500	O
,	O
700	O
and	O
900	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
decreased	O
convulsion	B-Disease
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
and	O
prolonged	O
latency	O
time	O
to	O
convulsion	B-Disease
following	O
injection	O
with	O
a	O
convulsive	B-Disease
dose	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
(	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

EEG	O
analyses	O
showed	O
increase	O
of	O
number	O
and	O
duration	O
of	O
ictal	O
periods	O
in	O
EEG	O
of	O
rats	O
receiving	O
l	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
prior	O
to	O
lindane	B-Chemical
and	O
decrease	O
of	O
this	O
number	O
in	O
rats	O
pretreated	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
.	O

These	O
results	O
support	O
the	O
conclusion	O
that	O
NO	B-Chemical
plays	O
a	O
role	O
of	O
endogenous	O
convulsant	O
in	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Severe	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
and	O
motor	O
loss	O
after	O
intrathecal	O
thiotepa	B-Chemical
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
:	O
description	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
severe	O
delayed	O
neurologic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
intrathecal	O
(	O
IT	O
)	O
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
including	O
thiotepa	B-Chemical
(	O
TSPA	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
presented	O
.	O

Both	O
cases	O
developed	O
axonal	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
with	O
motor	O
predominance	O
in	O
the	O
lower	O
extremities	O
1	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
after	O
IT	O
chemotherapy	O
was	O
administered	O
.	O

Neurologic	B-Disease
toxicities	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
described	O
with	O
IT	O
-	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
,	O
IT	O
-	O
cytosine	B-Chemical
arabinoside	I-Chemical
and	O
IT	O
-	O
TSPA	B-Chemical
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
axonal	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
following	O
administration	O
of	O
these	O
three	O
agents	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
previously	O
described	O
.	O

In	O
spite	O
of	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
TSPA	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
useful	O
IT	O
agent	O
,	O
its	O
combination	O
with	O
MTX	B-Chemical
,	O
ara	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
and	O
radiotherapy	O
could	O
cause	O
severe	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
unexpected	O
complication	O
indicates	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
further	O
toxicology	O
research	O
on	O
IT	O
-	O
TSPA	B-Chemical
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
cromakalim	B-Chemical
and	O
pinacidil	B-Chemical
on	O
large	O
epicardial	O
and	O
small	O
coronary	O
arteries	O
in	O
conscious	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
bolus	O
administration	O
of	O
cromakalim	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
pinacidil	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
-	O
100	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
on	O
large	O
(	O
circumflex	O
artery	O
)	O
and	O
small	O
coronary	O
arteries	O
and	O
on	O
systemic	O
hemodynamics	O
were	O
investigated	O
in	O
chronically	O
instrumented	O
conscious	O
dogs	O
and	O
compared	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
-	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
,	O
up	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
selectively	O
increased	O
circumflex	O
artery	O
diameter	O
(	O
CxAD	O
)	O
without	O
simultaneously	O
affecting	O
any	O
other	O
cardiac	O
or	O
systemic	O
hemodynamic	O
parameter	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
cromakalim	B-Chemical
and	O
pinacidil	B-Chemical
at	O
all	O
doses	O
and	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
at	O
doses	O
higher	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
simultaneously	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
increased	O
CxAD	O
,	O
coronary	O
blood	O
flow	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
decreased	O
coronary	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
and	O
aortic	O
pressure	O
.	O

Cromakalim	B-Chemical
was	O
approximately	O
8	O
-	O
to	O
9	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
fold	O
more	O
potent	O
than	O
pinacidil	B-Chemical
in	O
increasing	O
CxAD	O
.	O

Vasodilation	O
of	O
large	O
and	O
small	O
coronary	O
vessels	O
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
cromakalim	B-Chemical
and	O
pinacidil	B-Chemical
were	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
prior	O
combined	O
beta	B-Chemical
adrenergic	I-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
muscarinic	I-Chemical
receptors	I-Chemical
blockade	I-Chemical
but	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
was	O
abolished	O
.	O

When	O
circumflex	O
artery	O
blood	O
flow	O
was	O
maintained	O
constant	O
,	O
the	O
increases	O
in	O
CxAD	O
induced	O
by	O
cromakalim	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
pinacidil	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
were	O
reduced	O
by	O
68	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
,	O
54	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
and	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
whereas	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
preferentially	O
and	O
flow	O
-	O
independently	O
dilates	O
large	O
coronary	O
arteries	O
,	O
cromakalim	B-Chemical
and	O
pinacidil	B-Chemical
dilate	O
both	O
large	O
and	O
small	O
coronary	O
arteries	O
and	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
not	O
dependent	O
upon	O
the	O
simultaneous	O
beta	O
adrenoceptors	O
-	O
mediated	O
rise	O
in	O
myocardial	O
metabolic	O
demand	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
two	O
mechanisms	O
at	O
least	O
,	O
direct	O
vasodilation	O
and	O
flow	O
dependency	O
,	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
cromakalim	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
pinacidil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
CxAD	O
.	O

Mefenamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
elderly	O
females	O
with	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
mefenamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
non	O
-	O
oliguric	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
severe	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
occurring	O
simultaneously	O
in	O
two	O
elderly	O
females	O
.	O

The	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
was	O
due	O
to	O
maturation	O
arrest	O
of	O
the	O
myeloid	O
series	O
in	O
one	O
patient	O
.	O

Both	O
patients	O
were	O
also	O
hypothyroid	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
clear	O
whether	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
predisposing	O
factor	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
these	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
seem	O
prudent	O
not	O
to	O
use	O
mefenamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
hypothyroid	B-Disease
patients	O
until	O
the	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
corrected	O
.	O

Etiology	O
of	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
in	O
hemodialysis	O
patients	O
on	O
calcium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Fourteen	O
of	O
39	O
dialysis	O
patients	O
(	O
36	O
%	O
)	O
became	O
hypercalcemic	B-Disease
after	O
switching	O
to	O
calcium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
as	O
their	O
principal	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
binder	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
identify	O
risk	O
factors	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
,	O
indirect	O
parameters	O
of	O
intestinal	O
calcium	B-Chemical
reabsorption	O
and	O
bone	O
turnover	O
rate	O
in	O
these	O
14	O
patients	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
results	O
in	O
14	O
eucalcemic	O
patients	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
length	O
of	O
time	O
on	O
dialysis	O
,	O
and	O
etiology	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
experiencing	O
hypercalcemic	B-Disease
episodes	O
with	O
peak	O
calcium	B-Chemical
values	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
15	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
,	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
hypercalcemic	B-Disease
group	O
exhibited	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
mean	O
calcium	B-Chemical
concentration	O
obtained	O
during	O
6	O
months	O
before	O
the	O
switch	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
mean	O
value	O
obtained	O
during	O
the	O
7	O
months	O
of	O
observation	O
after	O
the	O
switch	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
[	O
9	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
to	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
]	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
006	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
eucalcemic	O
patients	O
exhibited	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
mean	O
calcium	B-Chemical
values	O
over	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
period	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
[	O
9	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
to	O
9	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
]	O
)	O
.	O

CaCO3	B-Chemical
dosage	O
,	O
calculated	O
dietary	O
calcium	B-Chemical
intake	O
,	O
and	O
circulating	O
levels	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
metabolites	O
were	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Physical	O
activity	O
index	O
and	O
predialysis	O
serum	O
bicarbonate	B-Chemical
levels	O
also	O
were	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
parameters	O
reflecting	O
bone	O
turnover	O
rates	O
between	O
groups	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Late	O
-	O
onset	O
scleroderma	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
crisis	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

Scleroderma	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
crisis	I-Disease
(	O
SRC	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
of	O
systemic	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
(	O
SSc	B-Disease
)	O
but	O
can	O
be	O
severe	O
enough	O
to	O
require	O
temporary	O
or	O
permanent	O
renal	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
.	O

Moderate	O
to	O
high	O
dose	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
use	O
is	O
recognized	O
as	O
a	O
major	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
SRC	B-Disease
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
reports	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
precipitated	O
by	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
SSc	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
article	O
,	O
we	O
report	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
SRC	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
work	O
is	O
to	O
call	O
attention	O
to	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
use	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
SSc	B-Disease
.	O

Methyldopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
15	O
year	O
old	O
presenting	O
as	O
near	O
-	O
syncope	B-Disease
.	O

Methyldopa	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
antihypertensive	O
medication	O
which	O
is	O
available	O
generically	O
and	O
under	O
the	O
trade	O
name	O
Aldomet	B-Chemical
that	O
is	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
in	O
the	O
adult	O
population	O
and	O
infrequently	O
used	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

Methyldopa	B-Chemical
causes	O
an	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
small	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
take	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
who	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
emergency	B-Disease
department	I-Disease
with	O
near	O
-	O
syncope	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
boy	O
had	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
during	O
a	O
trauma	B-Disease
admission	O
seven	O
weeks	O
prior	O
to	O
presentation	O
.	O

Evaluation	O
revealed	O
a	O
hemoglobin	O
of	O
three	O
grams	O
,	O
3	O
+	O
Coombs	O
'	O
test	O
with	O
polyspecific	O
anti	O
-	O
human	O
globulin	O
and	O
monospecific	O
IgG	O
reagents	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
warm	O
reacting	O
autoantibody	O
.	O

Transfusion	O
and	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
complete	O
recovery	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Emergency	O
physicians	O
treating	O
children	O
must	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
diagnose	O
and	O
treat	O
it	O
correctly	O
.	O

A	O
brief	O
review	O
of	O
autoimmune	O
and	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemias	I-Disease
is	O
provided	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
and	O
associated	O
factors	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
psychosis	B-Disease
in	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
patients	O
in	O
Malaysia	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
lifetime	O
and	O
current	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
dependence	O
.	O

The	O
association	O
between	O
psychiatric	O
co	O
-	O
morbidity	O
and	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
was	O
also	O
studied	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
was	O
a	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
study	O
conducted	O
concurrently	O
at	O
a	O
teaching	O
hospital	O
and	O
a	O
drug	O
rehabilitation	O
center	O
in	O
Malaysia	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
based	O
on	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
were	O
interviewed	O
using	O
the	O
Mini	O
International	O
Neuropsychiatric	O
Interview	O
(	O
M	O
.	O
I	O
.	O
N	O
.	O
I	O
.	O
)	O
for	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
and	O
other	O
Axis	O
I	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
information	O
on	O
sociodemographic	O
background	O
and	O
drug	O
use	O
history	O
was	O
obtained	O
from	O
interview	O
or	O
medical	O
records	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Of	O
292	O
subjects	O
,	O
47	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
subjects	O
had	O
a	O
past	O
history	O
of	O
psychotic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
and	O
13	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
having	O
current	O
psychotic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

Co	O
-	O
morbid	O
major	O
depressive	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
=	O
7	O
.	O
18	O
,	O
95	O
CI	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
612	O
-	O
19	O
.	O
708	O
)	O
,	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
=	O
13	O
.	O
807	O
,	O
95	O
CI	O
=	O
5	O
.	O
194	O
-	O
36	O
.	O
706	O
)	O
,	O
antisocial	B-Disease
personality	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
=	O
12	O
.	O
619	O
,	O
95	O
CI	O
=	O
6	O
.	O
702	O
-	O
23	O
.	O
759	O
)	O
and	O
heavy	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
uses	O
were	O
significantly	O
associated	O
with	O
lifetime	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
after	O
adjusted	O
for	O
other	O
factors	O
.	O

Major	B-Disease
depressive	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
870	O
,	O
CI	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
154	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
142	O
)	O
and	O
antisocial	B-Disease
personality	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
=	O
3	O
.	O
299	O
,	O
95	O
CI	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
375	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
914	O
)	O
were	O
the	O
only	O
factors	O
associated	O
with	O
current	O
psychosis	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
There	O
was	O
a	O
high	O
risk	O
of	O
psychosis	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
dependence	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
co	O
-	O
morbid	O
affective	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
,	O
antisocial	B-Disease
personality	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
heavy	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
recommended	O
that	O
all	O
cases	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
dependence	O
should	O
be	O
screened	O
for	O
psychotic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

Cerebellar	O
sensory	O
processing	O
alterations	O
impact	O
motor	O
cortical	O
plasticity	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
clues	O
from	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
plasticity	O
of	O
primary	O
motor	O
cortex	O
(	O
M1	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
(	O
LIDs	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
severely	O
impaired	O
.	O

We	O
recently	O
reported	O
in	O
young	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
that	O
inhibitory	O
cerebellar	O
stimulation	O
enhanced	O
the	O
sensorimotor	O
plasticity	O
of	O
M1	O
that	O
was	O
induced	O
by	O
paired	O
associative	O
stimulation	O
(	O
PAS	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
the	O
deficient	O
sensorimotor	O
M1	O
plasticity	O
in	O
16	O
patients	O
with	O
LIDs	B-Disease
could	O
be	O
reinstated	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
session	O
of	O
real	O
inhibitory	O
cerebellar	O
stimulation	O
but	O
not	O
sham	O
stimulation	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
evident	O
only	O
when	O
a	O
sensory	O
component	O
was	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
plasticity	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
cerebellar	O
sensory	O
processing	O
function	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
resurgence	O
of	O
M1	O
plasticity	O
.	O

The	O
benefit	O
of	O
inhibitory	O
cerebellar	O
stimulation	O
on	O
LIDs	B-Disease
is	O
known	O
.	O

To	O
explore	O
whether	O
this	O
benefit	O
is	O
linked	O
to	O
the	O
restoration	O
of	O
sensorimotor	O
plasticity	O
of	O
M1	O
,	O
we	O
conducted	O
an	O
additional	O
study	O
looking	O
at	O
changes	O
in	O
LIDs	B-Disease
and	O
PAS	O
-	O
induced	O
plasticity	O
after	O
10	O
sessions	O
of	O
either	O
bilateral	O
,	O
real	O
inhibitory	O
cerebellar	O
stimulation	O
or	O
sham	O
stimulation	O
.	O

Only	O
real	O
and	O
not	O
sham	O
stimulation	O
had	O
an	O
antidyskinetic	O
effect	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
paralleled	O
by	O
a	O
resurgence	O
in	O
the	O
sensorimotor	O
plasticity	O
of	O
M1	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
alterations	O
in	O
cerebellar	O
sensory	O
processing	O
function	O
,	O
occurring	O
secondary	O
to	O
abnormal	O
basal	O
ganglia	O
signals	O
reaching	O
it	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
an	O
important	O
element	O
contributing	O
to	O
the	O
maladaptive	O
sensorimotor	O
plasticity	O
of	O
M1	O
and	O
the	O
emergence	O
of	O
abnormal	B-Disease
involuntary	I-Disease
movements	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
safety	O
of	O
danazol	B-Chemical
in	O
women	O
with	O
hereditary	B-Disease
angioedema	I-Disease
.	O

Although	O
the	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
safety	O
(	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
6	O
months	O
)	O
of	O
danazol	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
established	O
in	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
settings	O
,	O
no	O
information	O
exists	O
as	O
to	O
its	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
safety	O
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
investigated	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
safety	O
of	O
danazol	B-Chemical
by	O
performing	O
a	O
retrospective	O
chart	O
review	O
of	O
60	O
female	O
patients	O
with	O
hereditary	B-Disease
angioedema	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
danazol	B-Chemical
for	O
a	O
continuous	O
period	O
of	O
6	O
months	O
or	O
longer	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
age	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
was	O
35	O
.	O
2	O
years	O
and	O
the	O
mean	O
duration	O
of	O
therapy	O
was	O
59	O
.	O
7	O
months	O
.	O

Virtually	O
all	O
patients	O
experienced	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
.	O

Menstrual	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
(	O
79	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
(	O
60	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
muscle	B-Disease
cramps	I-Disease
/	O
myalgias	B-Disease
(	O
40	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
transaminase	O
elevations	O
(	O
40	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
.	O

The	O
drug	O
was	O
discontinued	O
due	O
to	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
in	O
8	O
patients	O
.	O

No	O
patient	O
has	O
died	O
or	O
suffered	O
any	O
apparent	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
sequelae	O
that	O
were	O
directly	O
attributable	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
,	O
despite	O
a	O
relatively	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
,	O
danazol	B-Chemical
has	O
proven	O
to	O
be	O
remarkably	O
safe	O
over	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
function	O
of	O
P2X3	O
receptor	O
and	O
NK1	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
on	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
function	O
of	O
P2X3	O
and	O
NK1	O
receptors	O
antagonists	O
on	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CYP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Sixty	O
female	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
(	O
SD	O
)	O
rats	O
were	O
randomly	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
rats	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
were	O
intraperitoneally	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
injected	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
saline	O
(	O
4	O
ml	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
rats	O
in	O
the	O
model	O
group	O
were	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injected	O
with	O
CYP	B-Chemical
(	O
150	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
the	O
rats	O
in	O
the	O
intervention	O
group	O
were	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injected	O
with	O
CYP	B-Chemical
with	O
subsequently	O
perfusion	O
of	O
bladder	O
with	O
P2X3	O
and	O
NK1	O
receptors	O
'	O
antagonists	O
,	O
Suramin	B-Chemical
and	O
GR	B-Chemical
82334	I-Chemical
.	O

Spontaneous	O
pain	B-Disease
behaviors	O
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
CYP	B-Chemical
were	O
observed	O
.	O

Urodynamic	O
parameters	O
,	O
bladder	O
pressure	O
-	O
volume	O
curve	O
,	O
maximum	O
voiding	O
pressure	O
(	O
MVP	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
maximum	O
cystometric	O
capacity	O
(	O
MCC	O
)	O
,	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

Pathological	O
changes	O
in	O
bladder	O
tissue	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

Immunofluorescence	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
detect	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
P2X3	O
and	O
NK1	O
receptors	O
in	O
bladder	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
increased	O
the	O
spontaneous	O
pain	B-Disease
behaviors	O
scores	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
bladder	O
instability	O
during	O
urine	O
storage	O
period	O
of	O
model	O
group	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
intervention	O
group	O
(	O
X	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
=	O
7	O
.	O
619	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
and	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
X	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
=	O
13	O
.	O
755	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
000	O
)	O
.	O

MCC	O
in	O
the	O
model	O
group	O
was	O
lower	O
than	O
the	O
control	O
and	O
intervention	O
groups	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Histological	O
changes	O
evident	O
in	O
model	O
and	O
intervention	O
groups	O
rats	O
'	O
bladder	O
included	O
edema	B-Disease
,	O
vasodilation	O
,	O
and	O
infiltration	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
cells	O
.	O

In	O
model	O
group	O
,	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
P2X3	O
receptor	O
increased	O
in	O
urothelium	O
and	O
suburothelium	O
,	O
and	O
NK1	O
receptor	O
increased	O
in	O
suburothelium	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
them	O
in	O
intervention	O
group	O
was	O
lower	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
CYP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
P2X3	O
and	O
NK1	O
receptors	O
increased	O
in	O
urothelium	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
suburothelium	O
.	O

Perfusion	O
of	O
bladder	O
with	O
P2X3	O
and	O
NK1	O
receptors	O
antagonists	O
ameliorated	O
the	O
bladder	O
function	O
.	O

Patient	O
tolerance	O
study	O
of	O
topical	O
chlorhexidine	B-Chemical
diphosphanilate	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
new	O
topical	O
agent	O
for	O
burns	B-Disease
.	O

Effective	O
topical	O
antimicrobial	O
agents	O
decrease	O
infection	B-Disease
and	O
mortality	O
in	O
burn	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Chlorhexidine	B-Chemical
phosphanilate	I-Chemical
(	O
CHP	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
broad	O
-	O
spectrum	O
antimicrobial	O
agent	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
evaluated	O
as	O
a	O
topical	O
burn	B-Disease
wound	O
dressing	O
in	O
cream	O
form	O
,	O
but	O
preliminary	O
clinical	O
trials	O
reported	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
painful	O
upon	O
application	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
compared	O
various	O
concentrations	O
of	O
CHP	B-Chemical
to	O
determine	O
if	O
a	O
tolerable	O
concentration	O
could	O
be	O
identified	O
with	O
retention	O
of	O
antimicrobial	O
efficacy	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
nine	O
burn	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
each	O
with	O
two	O
similar	O
burns	B-Disease
which	O
could	O
be	O
separately	O
treated	O
,	O
were	O
given	O
pairs	O
of	O
treatments	O
at	O
successive	O
12	O
-	O
h	O
intervals	O
over	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
day	O
period	O
.	O

One	O
burn	B-Disease
site	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
each	O
of	O
four	O
different	O
CHP	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
,	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
per	O
cent	O
to	O
2	O
per	O
cent	O
,	O
their	O
vehicle	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
per	O
cent	O
silver	B-Chemical
sulphadiazine	I-Chemical
(	O
AgSD	B-Chemical
)	O
cream	O
,	O
an	O
antimicrobial	O
agent	O
frequently	O
used	O
for	O
topical	O
treatment	O
of	O
burn	B-Disease
wounds	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
site	O
was	O
always	O
treated	O
with	O
AgSD	B-Chemical
cream	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
direct	O
relationship	O
between	O
CHP	B-Chemical
concentration	O
and	O
patients	O
'	O
ratings	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
on	O
an	O
analogue	O
scale	O
.	O

The	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
per	O
cent	O
CHP	B-Chemical
cream	O
was	O
closest	O
to	O
AgSD	B-Chemical
in	O
pain	B-Disease
tolerance	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
treatments	O
differed	O
statistically	O
from	O
AgSD	B-Chemical
or	O
from	O
each	O
other	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
ease	O
of	O
application	O
of	O
CHP	B-Chemical
creams	O
was	O
less	O
satisfactory	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
AgSD	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
was	O
concluded	O
that	O
formulations	O
at	O
or	O
below	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
per	O
cent	O
CHP	B-Chemical
may	O
prove	O
acceptable	O
for	O
wound	O
care	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
vehicle	O
system	O
needs	O
pharmaceutical	O
improvement	O
to	O
render	O
it	O
more	O
tolerable	O
and	O
easier	O
to	O
use	O
.	O

Acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
clopidogrel	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
common	O
cause	O
of	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
recognition	O
of	O
the	O
responsible	O
drug	O
may	O
be	O
difficult	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
clopidogrel	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
diagnosis	O
is	O
strongly	O
suggested	O
by	O
an	O
accurate	O
medical	O
history	O
and	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
.	O

Reports	O
about	O
cases	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
clopidogrel	B-Chemical
are	O
increasing	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
few	O
years	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
increased	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
we	O
believe	O
that	O
physicians	O
should	O
carefully	O
consider	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
when	O
clopidogrel	B-Chemical
is	O
prescribed	O
.	O

Bortezomib	B-Chemical
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
as	O
salvage	O
therapy	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
relapsed	O
/	O
refractory	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
clinical	O
outcomes	O
.	O

Bortezomib	B-Chemical
(	O
bort	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
dex	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
an	O
effective	O
therapy	O
for	O
relapsed	O
/	O
refractory	O
(	O
R	O
/	O
R	O
)	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
(	O
MM	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

This	O
retrospective	O
study	O
investigated	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
bort	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
)	O
and	O
dex	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
on	O
the	O
day	O
of	O
and	O
the	O
day	O
after	O
bort	B-Chemical
)	O
as	O
salvage	O
treatment	O
in	O
85	O
patients	O
with	O
R	O
/	O
R	O
MM	B-Disease
after	O
prior	O
autologous	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplantation	O
or	O
conventional	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
number	O
of	O
prior	O
lines	O
of	O
therapy	O
was	O
2	O
.	O

Eighty	O
-	O
seven	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
had	O
received	O
immunomodulatory	O
drugs	O
included	O
in	O
some	O
line	O
of	O
therapy	O
before	O
bort	B-Chemical
-	O
dex	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
median	O
number	O
of	O
bort	B-Chemical
-	O
dex	B-Chemical
cycles	O
was	O
6	O
,	O
up	O
to	O
a	O
maximum	O
of	O
12	O
cycles	O
.	O

On	O
an	O
intention	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
treat	O
basis	O
,	O
55	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
achieved	O
at	O
least	O
partial	O
response	O
,	O
including	O
19	O
%	O
CR	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
achieved	O
at	O
least	O
very	O
good	O
partial	O
response	O
.	O

Median	O
durations	O
of	O
response	O
,	O
time	O
to	O
next	O
therapy	O
and	O
treatment	O
-	O
free	O
interval	O
were	O
8	O
,	O
11	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
1	O
months	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
relevant	O
adverse	O
event	O
was	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
occurred	O
in	O
78	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
(	O
grade	O
II	O
,	O
38	O
%	O
;	O
grade	O
III	O
,	O
21	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
led	O
to	O
treatment	O
discontinuation	O
in	O
6	O
%	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
median	O
follow	O
up	O
of	O
22	O
months	O
,	O
median	O
time	O
to	O
progression	O
,	O
progression	O
-	O
free	O
survival	O
(	O
PFS	O
)	O
and	O
overall	O
survival	O
(	O
OS	O
)	O
were	O
8	O
.	O
9	O
,	O
8	O
.	O
7	O
,	O
and	O
22	O
months	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Prolonged	O
PFS	O
and	O
OS	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
achieving	O
CR	O
and	O
receiving	O
bort	B-Chemical
-	O
dex	B-Chemical
a	O
single	O
line	O
of	O
prior	O
therapy	O
.	O

Bort	B-Chemical
-	O
dex	B-Chemical
was	O
an	O
effective	O
salvage	O
treatment	O
for	O
MM	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
particularly	O
for	O
those	O
in	O
first	O
relapse	O
.	O

Pubertal	O
exposure	O
to	O
Bisphenol	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
increases	O
anxiety	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behavior	O
and	O
decreases	O
acetylcholinesterase	O
activity	O
of	O
hippocampus	O
in	O
adult	O
male	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
negative	O
effects	O
of	O
Bisphenol	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	O
BPA	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
neurodevelopment	O
and	O
behaviors	O
have	O
been	O
well	O
established	O
.	O

Acetylcholinesterase	O
(	O
AChE	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
regulatory	O
enzyme	O
which	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
anxiety	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behavior	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
investigated	O
behavioral	O
phenotypes	O
and	O
AChE	O
activity	O
in	O
male	O
mice	O
following	O
BPA	B-Chemical
exposure	O
during	O
puberty	O
.	O

On	O
postnatal	O
day	O
(	O
PND	O
)	O
35	O
,	O
male	O
mice	O
were	O
exposed	O
to	O
50mg	O
BPA	B-Chemical
/	O
kg	O
diet	O
per	O
day	O
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
35	O
days	O
.	O

On	O
PND71	O
,	O
a	O
behavioral	O
assay	O
was	O
performed	O
using	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
maze	O
(	O
EPM	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
light	O
/	O
dark	O
test	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
AChE	O
activity	O
was	O
measured	O
in	O
the	O
prefrontal	O
cortex	O
,	O
hypothalamus	O
,	O
cerebellum	O
and	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

Results	O
from	O
our	O
behavioral	O
phenotyping	O
indicated	O
that	O
anxiety	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behavior	O
was	O
increased	O
in	O
mice	O
exposed	O
to	O
BPA	B-Chemical
.	O

AChE	O
activity	O
was	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
BPA	B-Chemical
compared	O
to	O
control	O
mice	O
,	O
whereas	O
no	O
difference	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
prefrontal	O
cortex	O
,	O
hypothalamus	O
and	O
cerebellum	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
showed	O
that	O
pubertal	O
BPA	B-Chemical
exposure	O
increased	O
anxiety	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behavior	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
decreased	O
AChE	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
in	O
adult	O
male	O
mice	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
are	O
necessary	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
cholinergic	O
signaling	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
in	O
PBE	O
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behaviors	O
.	O

Biochemical	O
effects	O
of	O
Solidago	O
virgaurea	O
extract	O
on	O
experimental	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Cardiovascular	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
(	O
CVDs	B-Disease
)	O
are	O
the	O
major	O
health	O
problem	O
of	O
advanced	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
developing	O
countries	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
Solidago	O
virgaurea	O
extract	O
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
subcutaneous	O
injection	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
into	O
rats	O
twice	O
at	O
an	O
interval	O
of	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
for	O
two	O
consecutive	O
days	O
,	O
led	O
to	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
serum	O
lactate	B-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
,	O
creatine	B-Chemical
phosphokinase	O
,	O
alanine	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
,	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
,	O
and	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
activities	O
,	O
total	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
,	O
triglycerides	B-Chemical
,	O
free	O
serum	O
fatty	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
cardiac	O
tissue	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
(	O
MDA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
levels	O
of	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
and	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
in	O
cardiac	O
tissue	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
normal	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
S	O
.	O
virgaurea	O
extract	O
for	O
5	O
weeks	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
followed	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
injection	O
significantly	O
prevented	O
the	O
observed	O
alterations	O
.	O

Captopril	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
given	O
orally	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
standard	O
cardioprotective	O
drug	O
,	O
was	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
S	O
.	O
virgaurea	O
extract	O
exerts	O
its	O
protective	O
effect	O
by	O
decreasing	O
MDA	B-Chemical
level	O
and	O
increasing	O
the	O
antioxidant	O
status	O
in	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
study	O
emphasizes	O
the	O
beneficial	O
action	O
of	O
S	O
.	O
virgaurea	O
extract	O
as	O
a	O
cardioprotective	O
agent	O
.	O

"	O
Real	O
-	O
world	O
"	O
data	O
on	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
lenalidomide	B-Chemical
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
relapsed	O
/	O
refractory	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
who	O
were	O
treated	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
standard	O
clinical	O
practice	O
:	O
a	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
Greek	O
Myeloma	B-Disease
Study	O
Group	O
.	O

Lenalidomide	B-Chemical
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
RD	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
standard	O
of	O
care	O
for	O
relapsed	O
/	O
refractory	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
(	O
RRMM	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
is	O
limited	O
published	O
data	O
on	O
its	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
real	O
world	O
"	O
(	O
RW	O
)	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
International	O
Society	O
of	O
Pharmacoeconomics	O
and	O
Outcomes	O
Research	O
definition	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
212	O
RRMM	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
received	O
RD	B-Chemical
in	O
RW	O
.	O

Objective	O
response	O
(	O
>	O
PR	O
(	O
partial	O
response	O
)	O
)	O
rate	O
was	O
77	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
(	O
complete	O
response	O
(	O
CR	O
)	O
,	O
20	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Median	O
time	O
to	O
first	O
and	O
best	O
response	O
was	O
2	O
and	O
5	O
months	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Median	O
time	O
to	O
CR	O
when	O
RD	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
as	O
2nd	O
or	O
>	O
2	O
(	O
nd	O
)	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	O
at	O
4	O
and	O
11	O
months	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Quality	O
of	O
response	O
was	O
independent	O
of	O
previous	O
lines	O
of	O
therapies	O
or	O
previous	O
exposure	O
to	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
or	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
.	O

Median	O
duration	O
of	O
response	O
was	O
34	O
.	O
4	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
higher	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
RD	B-Chemical
until	O
progression	O
(	O
not	O
reached	O
versus	O
19	O
months	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Improvement	O
of	O
humoral	O
immunity	O
occurred	O
in	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
responders	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
achieved	O
stable	O
disease	O
.	O

Adverse	O
events	O
were	O
reported	O
in	O
68	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
(	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
in	O
49	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
12	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
needed	O
hospitalization	O
.	O

Peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
only	O
in	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
and	O
deep	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
in	O
5	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
.	O

Dose	O
reductions	O
were	O
needed	O
in	O
31	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
and	O
permanent	O
discontinuation	O
in	O
38	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
.	O

Median	O
time	O
to	O
treatment	O
discontinuation	O
was	O
16	O
.	O
8	O
months	O
.	O

Performance	O
status	O
(	O
PS	O
)	O
and	O
initial	O
lenalidomide	B-Chemical
dose	O
predicted	O
for	O
treatment	O
discontinuation	O
.	O

Extra	O
-	O
medullary	O
relapses	O
occurred	O
in	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Our	O
study	O
confirms	O
that	O
RD	B-Chemical
is	O
effective	O
and	O
safe	O
in	O
RRMM	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
RW	O
;	O
it	O
produces	O
durable	O
responses	O
especially	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
continue	O
on	O
treatment	O
till	O
progression	O
and	O
improves	O
humoral	O
immunity	O
even	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
stable	O
disease	O
.	O

The	O
cytogenetic	O
action	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
,	O
mesna	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
their	O
combination	O
on	O
peripheral	O
rabbit	O
lymphocytes	O
:	O
an	O
in	O
vivo	O
/	O
in	O
vitro	O
cytogenetic	O
study	O
.	O

Ifosfamide	B-Chemical
(	O
IFO	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
an	O
alkylating	O
nitrogen	B-Chemical
mustard	O
,	O
administrated	O
as	O
an	O
antineoplasmic	O
agent	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
its	O
intense	O
urotoxic	O
action	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
IFO	B-Chemical
raises	O
the	O
requirement	O
for	O
the	O
co	O
-	O
administration	O
with	O
sodium	B-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sulfanylethanesulfonate	I-Chemical
(	O
Mesna	B-Chemical
)	O
aiming	O
to	O
avoid	O
or	O
minimize	O
this	O
effect	O
.	O

IFO	B-Chemical
and	O
Mesna	B-Chemical
were	O
administrated	O
separately	O
on	O
rabbit	O
'	O
s	O
lymphocytes	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
later	O
developed	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

Cytogenetic	O
markers	O
for	O
sister	O
chromatid	O
exchanges	O
(	O
SCEs	O
)	O
,	O
proliferation	O
rate	O
index	O
(	O
PRI	O
)	O
and	O
Mitotic	O
Index	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

Mesna	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
action	O
,	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
IFO	B-Chemical
reduces	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
SCEs	O
,	O
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
the	O
SCEs	O
recordings	O
obtained	O
when	O
IFO	B-Chemical
is	O
administered	O
alone	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
this	O
,	O
when	O
high	O
concentrations	O
of	O
Mesna	B-Chemical
were	O
administered	O
alone	O
significant	O
reductions	O
of	O
the	O
PRI	O
were	O
noted	O
,	O
than	O
with	O
IFO	B-Chemical
acting	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
concentration	O
on	O
the	O
lymphocytes	O
.	O

Mesna	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reduces	O
IFO	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
genotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
when	O
administered	O
in	O
high	O
concentrations	O
it	O
acts	O
in	O
an	O
inhibitory	O
fashion	O
on	O
the	O
cytostatic	O
action	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Risk	O
factors	O
and	O
predictors	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
among	O
multiethnic	O
Malaysians	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Chronic	O
pulsatile	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
leads	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
motor	O
fluctuations	O
and	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
studied	O
the	O
prevalence	O
and	O
predictors	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
among	O
multiethnic	O
Malaysian	O
patients	O
with	O
PD	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
is	O
a	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
study	O
involving	O
95	O
patients	O
with	O
PD	B-Disease
on	O
uninterrupted	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
instrument	O
used	O
was	O
the	O
UPDRS	O
questionnaires	O
.	O

The	O
predictors	O
of	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
were	O
determined	O
using	O
multivariate	O
logistic	O
regression	O
analysis	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
mean	O
age	O
was	O
65	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
onset	O
age	O
was	O
58	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
9	O
.	O
8	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
disease	O
duration	O
was	O
6	O
(	O
7	O
)	O
years	O
.	O

Dyskinesia	B-Disease
was	O
present	O
in	O
44	O
%	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
42	O
)	O
with	O
median	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
of	O
3	O
years	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
64	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
Chinese	O
,	O
31	O
%	O
Malays	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
Indians	O
and	O
other	O
ethnic	O
groups	O
.	O

Eighty	O
-	O
one	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
had	O
clinical	O
fluctuations	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
had	O
lower	O
onset	O
age	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
longer	O
duration	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
longer	O
disease	O
duration	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
higher	O
total	O
daily	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
dose	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
higher	O
total	O
UPDRS	O
scores	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
than	O
patients	O
without	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
three	O
significant	O
predictors	O
of	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
were	O
duration	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
onset	O
age	O
,	O
and	O
total	O
daily	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
dose	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
prevalence	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
in	O
our	O
patients	O
was	O
44	O
%	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
significant	O
predictors	O
were	O
duration	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
total	O
daily	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
and	O
onset	O
age	O
.	O

Dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
in	O
children	O
:	O
a	O
clinical	O
and	O
pharmacological	O
study	O
.	O

Busulfan	B-Chemical
is	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
in	O
animals	O
and	O
humans	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
acute	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
remains	O
poorly	O
characterized	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
here	O
a	O
retrospective	O
study	O
of	O
123	O
children	O
(	O
median	O
age	O
,	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
years	O
)	O
receiving	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
in	O
combined	O
chemotherapy	O
before	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
for	O
malignant	O
solid	O
tumors	B-Disease
,	O
brain	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
excluded	O
.	O

Busulfan	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
,	O
every	O
6	O
hours	O
for	O
16	O
doses	O
over	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

Two	O
total	O
doses	O
were	O
consecutively	O
used	O
:	O
16	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
then	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
calculation	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
results	O
in	O
higher	O
doses	O
in	O
young	O
children	O
than	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
(	O
16	O
to	O
28	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Ninety	O
-	O
six	O
patients	O
were	O
not	O
given	O
anticonvulsive	O
prophylaxis	O
;	O
7	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
seizures	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
course	O
or	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
dosing	O
.	O

When	O
the	O
total	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
dose	O
was	O
taken	O
into	O
account	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
incidence	O
among	O
patients	O
under	O
16	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
1	O
of	O
57	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
patients	O
under	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
(	O
6	O
of	O
39	O
,	O
15	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
seven	O
patients	O
were	O
given	O
a	O
600	O
-	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
total	O
dose	O
with	O
continuous	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusion	O
of	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
;	O
none	O
had	O
any	O
neurological	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

Busulfan	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
measured	O
by	O
a	O
gas	O
chromatographic	O
-	O
mass	O
spectrometry	O
assay	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
of	O
9	O
children	O
without	O
central	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
under	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
with	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
:	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
:	O
plasma	O
ratio	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
39	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
significantly	O
different	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
:	O
plasma	O
ratio	O
previously	O
defined	O
in	O
children	O
receiving	O
a	O
16	O
-	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
total	O
dose	O
of	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
in	O
children	O
and	O
efficiently	O
prevented	O
by	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
dose	O
calculated	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
higher	O
doses	O
in	O
young	O
children	O
,	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
increased	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
close	O
to	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
incidence	O
observed	O
in	O
adults	O
.	O

Since	O
plasma	O
pharmacokinetic	O
studies	O
showed	O
a	O
faster	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
clearance	O
in	O
children	O
than	O
in	O
adults	O
,	O
this	O
new	O
dose	O
may	O
approximate	O
more	O
closely	O
the	O
adult	O
systemic	O
exposure	O
obtained	O
after	O
the	O
usual	O
16	O
-	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
total	O
dose	O
,	O
with	O
potential	O
inferences	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
anticancer	O
or	O
myeloablative	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
dose	O
in	O
children	O
and	O
infants	O
undergoing	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
should	O
be	O
reconsidered	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
pharmacokinetic	O
studies	O
.	O

An	O
unexpected	O
diagnosis	O
in	O
a	O
renal	O
-	O
transplant	O
patient	O
with	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
everolimus	B-Chemical
:	O
AL	B-Disease
amyloidosis	B-Disease
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
is	O
an	O
expected	O
complication	O
in	O
transplant	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
mammalian	O
target	O
of	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
inhibitors	O
(	O
mTOR	O
-	O
i	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
clinical	O
suspicion	O
should	O
always	O
be	O
supported	O
by	O
histological	O
evidence	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
investigate	O
potential	O
alternate	O
diagnoses	O
such	O
as	O
acute	O
or	O
chronic	O
rejection	O
,	O
interstitial	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
and	O
tubular	O
atrophy	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
recurrent	O
or	O
de	O
novo	O
glomerulopathy	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
case	O
we	O
report	O
the	O
unexpected	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
amyloidosis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
renal	O
-	O
transplant	O
patient	O
with	O
pre	O
-	O
transplant	O
monoclonal	O
gammapathy	O
of	O
undetermined	O
significance	O
who	O
developed	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
conversion	O
from	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
to	O
everolimus	B-Chemical
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
oral	O
galactose	B-Chemical
treatment	O
prevents	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
in	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
treated	O
intracerebroventricularly	O
with	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
.	O

Basic	O
and	O
clinical	O
research	O
has	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
dementia	B-Disease
of	O
sporadic	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
sAD	O
)	O
type	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
dysfunction	O
of	O
the	O
insulin	O
-	O
receptor	O
(	O
IR	O
)	O
system	O
followed	O
by	O
decreased	O
glucose	B-Chemical
transport	O
via	O
glucose	B-Chemical
transporter	O
GLUT4	O
and	O
decreased	O
glucose	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
in	O
brain	O
cells	O
.	O

An	O
alternative	O
source	O
of	O
energy	O
is	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
galactose	I-Chemical
(	O
the	O
C	O
-	O
4	O
-	O
epimer	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucose	I-Chemical
)	O
which	O
is	O
transported	O
into	O
the	O
brain	O
by	O
insulin	O
-	O
independent	O
GLUT3	O
transporter	O
where	O
it	O
might	O
be	O
metabolized	O
to	O
glucose	B-Chemical
via	O
the	O
Leloir	O
pathway	O
.	O

Exclusively	O
parenteral	O
daily	O
injections	O
of	O
galactose	B-Chemical
induce	O
memory	B-Disease
deterioration	I-Disease
in	O
rodents	O
and	O
are	O
used	O
to	O
generate	O
animal	O
aging	O
model	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
oral	O
galactose	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
cognitive	O
functions	O
have	O
never	O
been	O
tested	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
investigated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
continuous	O
daily	O
oral	O
galactose	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
treatment	O
on	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
in	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
(	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
icv	O
)	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
sAD	O
,	O
tested	O
by	O
Morris	O
Water	O
Maze	O
and	O
Passive	O
Avoidance	O
test	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

One	O
month	O
of	O
oral	O
galactose	B-Chemical
treatment	O
initiated	O
immediately	O
after	O
the	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
icv	O
administration	O
,	O
successfully	O
prevented	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
icv	O
-	O
induced	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
.	O

Beneficial	O
effect	O
of	O
oral	O
galactose	B-Chemical
was	O
independent	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
age	O
and	O
of	O
the	O
galactose	B-Chemical
dose	O
ranging	O
from	O
100	O
to	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
oral	O
galactose	B-Chemical
administration	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
galactose	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
blood	O
.	O

The	O
increase	O
of	O
galactose	B-Chemical
concentration	O
in	O
the	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
was	O
several	O
times	O
lower	O
after	O
oral	O
than	O
after	O
parenteral	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
galactose	B-Chemical
dose	O
.	O

Oral	O
galactose	B-Chemical
exposure	O
might	O
have	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
on	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
ability	O
and	O
could	O
be	O
worth	O
investigating	O
for	O
improvement	O
of	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
glucose	B-Disease
hypometabolism	I-Disease
in	O
AD	B-Disease
.	O

An	O
investigation	O
of	O
the	O
pattern	O
of	O
kidney	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
HIV	O
-	O
positive	O
persons	O
exposed	O
to	O
tenofovir	B-Chemical
disoproxil	I-Chemical
fumarate	I-Chemical
:	O
an	O
examination	O
of	O
a	O
large	O
population	O
database	O
(	O
MHRA	O
database	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
potential	O
for	O
tenofovir	B-Chemical
to	O
cause	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
kidney	O
syndromes	O
has	O
been	O
established	O
from	O
mechanistic	O
and	O
randomised	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
exact	O
pattern	O
of	O
kidney	O
involvement	O
is	O
still	O
uncertain	O
.	O

We	O
undertook	O
a	O
descriptive	O
analysis	O
of	O
Yellow	O
Card	O
records	O
of	O
407	O
HIV	O
-	O
positive	O
persons	O
taking	O
tenofovir	B-Chemical
disoproxil	I-Chemical
fumarate	I-Chemical
(	O
TDF	B-Chemical
)	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
their	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
regimen	O
and	O
submitted	O
to	O
the	O
Medicines	O
and	O
Healthcare	O
Products	O
Regulatory	O
Agency	O
(	O
MHRA	O
)	O
with	O
suspected	O
kidney	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

Reports	O
that	O
satisfy	O
defined	O
criteria	O
were	O
classified	O
as	O
acute	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
kidney	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
Fanconi	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Of	O
the	O
407	O
Yellow	O
Card	O
records	O
analysed	O
,	O
106	O
satisfied	O
criteria	O
for	O
TDF	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
kidney	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
of	O
which	O
53	O
(	O
50	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
features	O
of	O
kidney	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
35	O
(	O
33	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
features	O
of	O
glomerular	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
18	O
(	O
17	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Fanconi	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
median	O
TDF	B-Chemical
exposure	O
was	O
316	O
days	O
(	O
interquartile	O
range	O
120	O
-	O
740	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
hospitalisation	O
for	O
TDF	B-Chemical
kidney	O
adverse	O
effects	O
was	O
high	O
,	O
particularly	O
amongst	O
patients	O
with	O
features	O
of	O
Fanconi	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
pattern	O
of	O
kidney	O
syndromes	O
in	O
this	O
population	O
series	O
mirrors	O
that	O
reported	O
in	O
randomised	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

Cessation	O
of	O
TDF	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
complete	O
restoration	O
of	O
kidney	O
function	O
in	O
up	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
in	O
this	O
report	O
.	O

Incidence	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
is	O
high	O
even	O
in	O
a	O
population	O
without	O
known	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
Postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
recognized	O
complication	O
in	O
populations	O
at	O
risk	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
early	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
population	O
without	O
known	O
risk	O
factors	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
ICU	O
for	O
postoperative	O
monitoring	O
after	O
elective	O
major	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
secondary	O
outcome	O
investigated	O
is	O
to	O
identify	O
eventual	O
independent	O
risk	O
factors	O
among	O
demographic	O
data	O
and	O
anesthetic	O
drugs	O
used	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
An	O
observational	O
,	O
prospective	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
on	O
a	O
consecutive	O
cohort	O
of	O
patients	O
admitted	O
to	O
our	O
ICU	O
within	O
and	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
major	O
surgical	O
procedures	O
.	O

Exclusion	O
criteria	O
were	O
any	O
preexisting	O
predisposing	O
factor	O
for	O
delirium	B-Disease
or	O
other	O
potentially	O
confounding	O
neurological	B-Disease
dysfunctions	I-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
assessed	O
daily	O
using	O
the	O
confusion	B-Disease
assessment	O
method	O
for	O
the	O
ICU	O
scale	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
surgical	O
procedure	O
.	O

Early	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
incidence	O
risk	O
factors	O
were	O
then	O
assessed	O
through	O
three	O
different	O
multiple	O
regression	O
models	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
According	O
to	O
the	O
confusion	O
assessment	O
method	O
for	O
the	O
ICU	O
scale	O
,	O
28	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
early	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
thiopentone	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
eight	O
-	O
fold	O
-	O
higher	O
risk	O
for	O
delirium	B-Disease
compared	O
to	O
propofol	B-Chemical
(	O
57	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
RR	O
=	O
8	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
X2	O
=	O
4	O
.	O
256	O
;	O
df	O
=	O
1	O
;	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
<	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
study	O
early	O
postoperative	B-Disease
delirium	I-Disease
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
very	O
common	O
complication	O
after	O
major	O
surgery	O
,	O
even	O
in	O
a	O
population	O
without	O
known	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Thiopentone	B-Chemical
was	O
independently	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
its	O
relative	O
risk	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
dose	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
induces	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
depressive	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behaviour	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
METH	B-Chemical
)	O
triggers	O
a	O
disruption	O
of	O
the	O
monoaminergic	O
system	O
and	O
METH	B-Chemical
abuse	O
leads	O
to	O
negative	O
emotional	O
states	O
including	O
depressive	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
during	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
currently	O
unknown	O
if	O
the	O
acute	O
toxic	O
dosage	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
also	O
causes	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
depressive	B-Disease
phenotype	O
and	O
persistent	O
monoaminergic	O
deficits	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
we	O
now	O
assessed	O
the	O
depressive	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behaviour	O
in	O
mice	O
at	O
early	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
periods	O
following	O
a	O
single	O
high	O
METH	B-Chemical
dose	O
(	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

METH	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
alter	O
the	O
motor	O
function	O
and	O
procedural	O
memory	O
of	O
mice	O
as	O
assessed	O
by	O
swimming	O
speed	O
and	O
escape	O
latency	O
to	O
find	O
the	O
platform	O
in	O
a	O
cued	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
water	O
maze	O
task	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
METH	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
immobility	O
time	O
in	O
the	O
tail	O
suspension	O
test	O
at	O
3	O
and	O
49	O
days	O
post	O
-	O
administration	O
.	O

This	O
depressive	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
profile	O
induced	O
by	O
METH	B-Chemical
was	O
accompanied	O
by	O
a	O
marked	O
depletion	O
of	O
frontostriatal	O
dopaminergic	O
and	O
serotonergic	O
neurotransmission	O
,	O
indicated	O
by	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
DOPAC	B-Chemical
and	O
HVA	B-Chemical
,	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
hydroxylase	O
and	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
,	O
observed	O
at	O
both	O
3	O
and	O
49	O
days	O
post	O
-	O
administration	O
.	O

In	O
parallel	O
,	O
another	O
neurochemical	O
feature	O
of	O
depression	B-Disease
-	O
-	O
astroglial	O
dysfunction	O
-	O
-	O
was	O
unaffected	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
and	O
the	O
striatal	O
levels	O
of	O
the	O
astrocytic	O
protein	O
marker	O
,	O
glial	O
fibrillary	O
acidic	O
protein	O
,	O
were	O
only	O
transiently	O
increased	O
at	O
3	O
days	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
that	O
a	O
single	O
high	O
dose	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
induces	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
depressive	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behaviour	O
in	O
mice	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
persistent	O
disruption	O
of	O
frontostriatal	O
dopaminergic	O
and	O
serotonergic	O
homoeostasis	O
.	O

Linezolid	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Many	O
systemic	O
antimicrobials	O
have	O
been	O
implicated	O
to	O
cause	O
ocular	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
especially	O
relevant	O
in	O
multidrug	O
therapy	O
where	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
drug	O
can	O
cause	O
a	O
similar	O
ocular	O
adverse	O
effect	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
progressive	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
vision	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
linezolid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
45	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
patient	O
who	O
was	O
on	O
treatment	O
with	O
multiple	O
second	O
-	O
line	O
anti	O
-	O
tuberculous	O
drugs	O
including	O
linezolid	B-Chemical
and	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
for	O
extensively	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
resistant	I-Disease
tuberculosis	I-Disease
(	O
XDR	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
TB	I-Disease
)	O
presented	O
to	O
us	O
with	O
painless	O
progressive	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
vision	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
eyes	O
.	O

Color	O
vision	O
was	O
defective	O
and	O
fundus	O
examination	O
revealed	O
optic	B-Disease
disc	I-Disease
edema	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
eyes	O
.	O

Ethambutol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
toxic	B-Disease
optic	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
suspected	O
and	O
tablet	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
was	O
withdrawn	O
.	O

Deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
vision	I-Disease
occurred	O
despite	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
.	O

Discontinuation	O
of	O
linezolid	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
marked	O
improvement	O
of	O
vision	O
.	O

Our	O
report	O
emphasizes	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
monitoring	O
of	O
visual	O
function	O
in	O
patients	O
on	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
linezolid	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Resuscitation	O
with	O
lipid	O
,	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
both	O
in	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
newborn	O
piglets	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
optimal	O
dosing	O
regimens	O
of	O
lipid	O
emulsion	O
,	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
both	O
are	O
not	O
yet	O
determined	O
in	O
neonates	O
in	O
cases	O
of	O
local	O
anaesthetic	O
systemic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
(	O
LAST	O
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Newborn	O
piglets	O
received	O
levobupivacaine	B-Chemical
until	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
collapse	I-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

Standard	O
cardiopulmonary	O
resuscitation	O
was	O
started	O
and	O
electrocardiogram	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
was	O
monitored	O
for	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
,	O
fibrillation	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
QRS	O
prolongation	O
.	O

Piglets	O
were	O
then	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
four	O
groups	O
:	O
control	O
(	O
saline	O
)	O
,	O
Intralipid	O
(	O
)	O
alone	O
,	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
Intralipd	O
plus	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

Resuscitation	O
continued	O
for	O
30	O
min	O
or	O
until	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
return	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
circulation	O
(	O
ROSC	O
)	O
accompanied	O
by	O
a	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
at	O
or	O
superior	O
to	O
the	O
baseline	O
pressure	O
and	O
normal	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
30	O
min	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
ROSC	O
was	O
achieved	O
in	O
only	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
piglets	O
compared	O
with	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
treated	O
piglets	O
.	O

Mortality	O
was	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
between	O
the	O
three	O
treatment	O
groups	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
treatment	O
groups	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
ECG	O
abnormalities	O
was	O
zero	O
in	O
the	O
Intralipid	O
only	O
group	O
,	O
but	O
14	O
and	O
17	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
and	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
plus	O
lipid	O
groups	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Lipid	O
emulsion	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
alone	O
were	O
equally	O
effective	O
in	O
achieving	O
a	O
return	O
to	O
spontaneous	O
circulation	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
of	O
LAST	O
.	O

Epinephrine	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
lipid	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
number	O
of	O
ECG	O
abnormalities	O
compared	O
with	O
lipid	O
emulsion	O
alone	O
.	O

Incidence	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
type	I-Disease
II	I-Disease
and	O
postoperative	O
recovery	O
of	O
platelet	O
count	O
in	O
liver	O
graft	O
recipients	O
:	O
a	O
retrospective	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
common	O
disorder	O
caused	O
mainly	O
by	O
portal	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
,	O
low	O
levels	O
of	O
thrombopoetin	O
,	O
and	O
endotoxemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
impact	O
of	O
immune	O
-	O
mediated	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
type	I-Disease
II	I-Disease
(	O
HIT	B-Disease
type	I-Disease
II	I-Disease
)	O
as	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
is	O
not	O
yet	O
understood	O
,	O
with	O
few	O
literature	O
citations	O
reporting	O
contradictory	O
results	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
our	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
perioperative	O
course	O
of	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
and	O
determine	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
clinical	O
HIT	B-Disease
type	I-Disease
II	I-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
We	O
retrospectively	O
evaluated	O
the	O
medical	O
records	O
of	O
205	O
consecutive	O
adult	O
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
full	O
-	O
size	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
between	O
January	O
2006	O
and	O
December	O
2010	O
due	O
to	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Preoperative	O
platelet	O
count	O
,	O
postoperative	O
course	O
of	O
platelets	O
,	O
and	O
clinical	O
signs	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
type	I-Disease
II	I-Disease
were	O
analyzed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
155	O
(	O
75	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
205	O
patients	O
had	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
before	O
transplantation	O
,	O
significantly	O
influenced	O
by	O
Model	O
of	O
End	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Stage	I-Disease
Liver	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
score	O
and	O
liver	B-Disease
cirrhosis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
platelet	O
count	O
exceeded	O
100	O
,	O
000	O
/	O
uL	O
in	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
193	O
)	O
at	O
a	O
medium	O
of	O
7	O
d	O
.	O

Regarding	O
HIT	B-Disease
II	I-Disease
,	O
there	O
were	O
four	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
95	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
background	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
type	I-Disease
II	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
incidence	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
is	O
,	O
with	O
about	O
1	O
.	O
95	O
%	O
,	O
rare	O
.	O

For	O
further	O
reduction	O
of	O
HIT	B-Disease
type	I-Disease
II	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
intravenous	O
heparin	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
avoided	O
and	O
the	O
prophylactic	O
anticoagulation	O
should	O
be	O
performed	O
with	O
low	O
-	O
molecular	O
-	O
weight	O
heparin	B-Chemical
after	O
normalization	O
of	O
platelet	O
count	O
.	O

Takotsubo	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
or	O
apical	B-Disease
ballooning	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
)	O
secondary	O
to	O
Zolmitriptan	B-Chemical
.	O

Takotsubo	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
TS	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
broken	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
left	O
ventricle	O
apical	O
ballooning	O
with	O
elevated	O
cardiac	O
biomarkers	O
and	O
electrocardiographic	O
changes	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
acute	B-Disease
coronary	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
ie	O
,	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
elevation	O
,	O
T	O
wave	O
inversions	O
,	O
and	O
pathologic	O
Q	O
waves	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
54	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
medical	O
history	O
of	O
mitral	B-Disease
valve	I-Disease
prolapse	I-Disease
and	O
migraines	B-Disease
,	O
who	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
for	O
substernal	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
electrocardiogram	O
demonstrated	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
mm	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
elevation	O
in	O
leads	O
II	O
,	O
III	O
,	O
aVF	O
,	O
V5	O
,	O
and	O
V6	O
and	O
positive	O
troponin	O
I	O
.	O

Emergent	O
coronary	O
angiogram	O
revealed	O
normal	O
coronary	O
arteries	O
with	O
moderately	O
reduced	O
left	O
ventricular	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
with	O
wall	O
motion	O
abnormalities	O
consistent	O
with	O
TS	B-Disease
.	O

Detailed	O
history	O
obtained	O
retrospectively	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
patient	O
took	O
zolmitriptan	B-Chemical
sparingly	O
only	O
when	O
she	O
had	O
migraines	B-Disease
.	O

But	O
before	O
this	O
event	O
,	O
she	O
was	O
taking	O
zolmitriptan	B-Chemical
2	O
-	O
3	O
times	O
daily	O
for	O
several	O
days	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
persistent	O
migraine	B-Disease
headache	I-Disease
.	O

She	O
otherwise	O
reported	O
that	O
she	O
is	O
quite	O
active	O
,	O
rides	O
horses	O
,	O
and	O
does	O
show	O
jumping	O
without	O
any	O
limitations	O
in	O
her	O
physical	O
activity	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
any	O
recent	O
stress	O
or	O
status	B-Disease
migrainosus	I-Disease
.	O

Extensive	O
literature	O
search	O
revealed	O
multiple	O
cases	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
vasospasm	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
zolmitriptan	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
TS	B-Disease
.	O

Depression	B-Disease
,	O
impulsiveness	B-Disease
,	O
sleep	O
,	O
and	O
memory	O
in	O
past	O
and	O
present	O
polydrug	O
users	O
of	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylenedioxymethamphetamine	I-Chemical
(	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
,	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
Ecstasy	B-Chemical
(	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylenedioxymethamphetamine	I-Chemical
,	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
worldwide	O
recreational	O
drug	O
of	O
abuse	O
.	O

Unfortunately	O
,	O
the	O
results	O
from	O
human	O
research	O
investigating	O
its	O
psychological	O
effects	O
have	O
been	O
inconsistent	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
present	O
study	O
aimed	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
largest	O
to	O
date	O
in	O
sample	O
size	O
and	O
5HT	O
-	O
related	O
behaviors	O
;	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
compare	O
present	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
with	O
past	O
users	O
after	O
an	O
abstinence	O
of	O
4	O
or	O
more	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
include	O
robust	O
controls	O
for	O
other	O
recreational	O
substances	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
sample	O
of	O
997	O
participants	O
(	O
52	O
%	O
male	O
)	O
was	O
recruited	O
to	O
four	O
control	O
groups	O
(	O
non	O
-	O
drug	O
(	O
ND	O
)	O
,	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
/	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
AN	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
cannabis	B-Chemical
/	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
/	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
CAN	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
polydrug	O
(	O
PD	O
)	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
polydrug	O
groups	O
(	O
present	O
(	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
past	O
users	O
(	O
EX	O
-	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Participants	O
completed	O
a	O
drug	O
history	O
questionnaire	O
,	O
Beck	O
Depression	B-Disease
Inventory	O
,	O
Barratt	O
Impulsiveness	B-Disease
Scale	O
,	O
Pittsburgh	O
Sleep	O
Quality	O
Index	O
,	O
and	O
Wechsler	O
Memory	O
Scale	O
-	O
Revised	O
which	O
,	O
in	O
total	O
,	O
provided	O
13	O
psychometric	O
measures	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
While	O
the	O
CAN	B-Chemical
and	O
PD	O
groups	O
tended	O
to	O
record	O
greater	O
deficits	O
than	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
drug	O
controls	O
,	O
the	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
and	O
EX	O
-	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
groups	O
recorded	O
greater	O
deficits	O
than	O
all	O
the	O
control	O
groups	O
on	O
ten	O
of	O
the	O
13	O
psychometric	O
measures	O
.	O

Strikingly	O
,	O
despite	O
prolonged	O
abstinence	O
(	O
mean	O
,	O
4	O
.	O
98	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
9	O
years	O
)	O
,	O
past	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
showed	O
few	O
signs	O
of	O
recovery	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
present	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
,	O
the	O
past	O
users	O
showed	O
no	O
change	O
for	O
ten	O
measures	O
,	O
increased	O
impairment	O
for	O
two	O
measures	O
,	O
and	O
improvement	O
on	O
just	O
one	O
measure	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Given	O
this	O
record	O
of	O
impaired	B-Disease
memory	I-Disease
and	O
clinically	O
significant	O
levels	O
of	O
depression	B-Disease
,	O
impulsiveness	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
sleep	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
prognosis	O
for	O
the	O
current	O
generation	O
of	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
is	O
a	O
major	O
cause	O
for	O
concern	O
.	O

Association	O
of	O
common	O
genetic	O
variants	O
of	O
HOMER1	O
gene	O
with	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
adverse	O
effects	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
symptomatic	O
therapy	O
for	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
its	O
chronic	O
use	O
could	O
lead	O
to	O
chronic	O
adverse	O
outcomes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
motor	O
fluctuations	O
,	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
and	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
.	O

HOMER1	O
is	O
a	O
protein	O
with	O
pivotal	O
function	O
in	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
transmission	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
these	O
complications	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
investigates	O
whether	O
polymorphisms	O
in	O
the	O
HOMER1	O
gene	O
promoter	O
region	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
the	O
chronic	O
complications	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
205	O
patients	O
with	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
Parkinson	I-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
genotyped	O
for	O
rs4704559	O
,	O
rs10942891	O
and	O
rs4704560	O
by	O
allelic	O
discrimination	O
with	O
Taqman	O
assays	O
.	O

The	O
rs4704559	O
G	O
allele	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
lower	O
prevalence	O
of	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
(	O
prevalence	O
ratio	O
(	O
PR	O
)	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
615	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
0	O
.	O
426	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
887	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
009	O
)	O
and	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
(	O
PR	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
515	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
295	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
899	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
020	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
HOMER1	O
rs4704559	O
G	O
allele	O
has	O
a	O
protective	O
role	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

Crocin	B-Chemical
improves	O
lipid	O
dysregulation	O
in	O
subacute	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
exposure	O
through	O
ERK1	O
/	O
2	O
pathway	O
in	O
rat	O
liver	O
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Diazinon	B-Chemical
Yis	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
broadly	O
used	O
organophosphorus	B-Chemical
insecticides	O
in	O
agriculture	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
that	O
exposure	O
to	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
may	O
interfere	O
with	O
lipid	O
metabolism	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
the	O
hypolipidemic	O
effect	O
of	O
crocin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
established	O
.	O

Earlier	O
studies	O
revealed	O
the	O
major	O
role	O
of	O
Extracellular	O
signal	O
-	O
regulated	O
kinase	O
(	O
ERK	O
)	O
pathways	O
in	O
low	O
-	O
density	O
lipoprotein	O
receptor	O
(	O
LDLr	O
)	O
expression	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
lipid	O
metabolism	O
,	O
ERK	O
and	O
LDLr	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
liver	O
of	O
rats	O
exposed	O
to	O
subacute	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
.	O

Furthermore	O
ameliorating	O
effect	O
of	O
crocin	B-Chemical
on	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
induced	O
disturbed	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
homeostasis	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
24	O
Rats	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
4	O
groups	O
and	O
received	O
following	O
treatments	O
for	O
4	O
weeks	O
;	O
Corn	O
oil	O
(	O
control	O
)	O
,	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
(	O
15mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
,	O
orally	O
)	O
and	O
crocin	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
25mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
,	O
intraperitoneally	O
)	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
levels	O
of	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
,	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
and	O
LDL	O
in	O
blood	O
of	O
rats	O
were	O
analyzed	O
.	O

Moreover	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
of	O
LDLr	O
and	O
ERK1	O
/	O
2	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
protein	O
levels	O
of	O
total	O
and	O
activated	O
forms	O
of	O
ERK1	O
/	O
2	O
in	O
rat	O
liver	O
were	O
evaluated	O
by	O
Western	O
blotting	O
and	O
quantitative	O
real	O
time	O
polymerase	O
chain	O
reaction	O
analysis	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Our	O
data	O
showed	O
that	O
subacute	O
exposure	O
to	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
concentrations	O
of	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
,	O
triglyceride	B-Chemical
and	O
LDL	O
.	O

Moreover	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
decreased	O
ERK1	O
/	O
2	O
protein	O
phosphorylation	O
and	O
LDLr	O
transcript	O
.	O

Crocin	B-Chemical
reduced	O
inhibition	O
of	O
ERK	O
activation	O
and	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperlipemia	B-Disease
and	O
increased	O
levels	O
of	O
LDLr	O
transcript	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Crocin	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
a	O
novel	O
protective	O
agent	O
in	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperlipemia	B-Disease
through	O
modulating	O
of	O
ERK	O
pathway	O
and	O
increase	O
of	O
LDLr	O
expression	O
.	O

GEM	B-Chemical
-	O
P	O
chemotherapy	O
is	O
active	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
relapsed	O
Hodgkin	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

Hodgkin	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
(	O
HL	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
relatively	O
chemosensitive	O
malignancy	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
for	O
those	O
who	O
relapse	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
chemotherapy	O
with	O
autologous	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplant	O
is	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
choice	O
which	O
relies	O
on	O
adequate	O
disease	O
control	O
with	O
salvage	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Regimens	O
commonly	O
used	O
often	O
require	O
inpatient	O
administration	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
difficult	O
to	O
deliver	O
due	O
to	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Gemcitabine	B-Chemical
and	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
have	O
activity	O
in	O
HL	B-Disease
,	O
non	O
-	O
overlapping	O
toxicity	B-Disease
with	O
first	O
-	O
line	O
chemotherapeutics	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
delivered	O
in	O
an	O
outpatient	O
setting	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
retrospective	O
single	O
-	O
centre	O
analysis	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
relapsed	O
or	O
refractory	O
HL	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
1	O
,	O
000	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
day	O
(	O
D	O
)	O
1	O
,	O
D8	O
and	O
D15	O
;	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
1	O
,	O
000	O
mg	O
D1	O
-	O
5	O
;	O
and	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
D15	O
,	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
(	O
GEM	B-Chemical
-	O
P	O
)	O
were	O
included	O
.	O

Demographic	O
,	O
survival	O
,	O
response	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
data	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
one	O
eligible	O
patients	O
were	O
identified	O
:	O
median	O
age	O
27	O
.	O

One	O
hundred	O
and	O
twenty	O
-	O
two	O
cycles	O
of	O
GEM	B-Chemical
-	O
P	O
were	O
administered	O
in	O
total	O
(	O
median	O
3	O
cycles	O
;	O
range	O
1	O
-	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

Twenty	O
of	O
41	O
(	O
48	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
received	O
GEM	B-Chemical
-	O
P	O
as	O
second	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	O
and	O
11	O
/	O
41	O
(	O
27	O
%	O
)	O
as	O
third	O
-	O
line	O
therapy	O
.	O

Overall	O
response	O
rate	O
(	O
ORR	O
)	O
to	O
GEM	B-Chemical
-	O
P	O
in	O
the	O
entire	O
cohort	O
was	O
80	O
%	O
(	O
complete	O
response	O
(	O
CR	O
)	O
37	O
%	O
,	O
partial	O
response	O
44	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
14	O
/	O
15	O
CR	O
confirmed	O
as	O
a	O
metabolic	O
CR	O
on	O
PET	O
and	O
ORR	O
of	O
85	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
20	O
second	O
-	O
line	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
grade	O
3	O
/	O
4	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
haematological	O
:	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
54	O
%	O
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
51	O
%	O
.	O

Median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
from	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
GEM	B-Chemical
-	O
P	O
was	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
years	O
.	O

Following	O
GEM	B-Chemical
-	O
P	O
,	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
progression	O
-	O
free	O
survival	O
was	O
46	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
,	O
30	O
-	O
62	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
overall	O
survival	O
was	O
59	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
43	O
-	O
74	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Fourteen	O
of	O
41	O
patients	O
proceeded	O
directly	O
to	O
autologous	O
transplant	O
.	O

GEM	B-Chemical
-	O
P	O
is	O
a	O
salvage	O
chemotherapy	O
with	O
relatively	O
high	O
response	O
rates	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
successful	O
transplantation	O
in	O
appropriate	O
patients	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
relapsed	O
or	O
refractory	O
HL	B-Disease
.	O

Basal	O
functioning	O
of	O
the	O
hypothalamic	O
-	O
pituitary	O
-	O
adrenal	O
(	O
HPA	O
)	O
axis	O
and	O
psychological	O
distress	O
in	O
recreational	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
polydrug	O
users	O
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
Ecstasy	B-Chemical
(	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
psychostimulant	O
drug	O
which	O
is	O
increasingly	O
associated	O
with	O
psychobiological	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

While	O
some	O
recent	O
studies	O
suggest	O
acute	O
changes	O
in	O
neuroendocrine	O
function	O
,	O
less	O
is	O
known	O
about	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
changes	O
in	O
HPA	O
functionality	O
in	O
recreational	O
users	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
current	O
study	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
polydrug	O
use	O
on	O
psychological	O
distress	O
and	O
basal	O
functioning	O
of	O
the	O
HPA	O
axis	O
through	O
assessing	O
the	O
secretion	O
of	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
across	O
the	O
diurnal	O
period	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Seventy	O
-	O
six	O
participants	O
(	O
21	O
nonusers	O
,	O
29	O
light	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
polydrug	O
users	O
,	O
26	O
heavy	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
polydrug	O
users	O
)	O
completed	O
a	O
substance	O
use	O
inventory	O
and	O
measures	O
of	O
psychological	O
distress	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
then	O
two	O
consecutive	O
days	O
of	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
sampling	O
(	O
on	O
awakening	O
,	O
30	O
min	O
post	O
awakening	O
,	O
between	O
1400	O
and	O
1600	O
hours	O
and	O
pre	O
bedtime	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
day	O
2	O
,	O
participants	O
also	O
attended	O
the	O
laboratory	O
to	O
complete	O
a	O
20	O
-	O
min	O
multitasking	O
stressor	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Both	O
user	O
groups	O
exhibited	O
significantly	O
greater	O
levels	O
of	O
anxiety	B-Disease
and	O
depression	B-Disease
than	O
nonusers	O
.	O

On	O
day	O
1	O
,	O
all	O
participants	O
exhibited	O
a	O
typical	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
profile	O
,	O
though	O
light	O
users	O
had	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
levels	O
pre	O
-	O
bed	O
.	O

On	O
day	O
2	O
,	O
heavy	O
users	O
demonstrated	O
elevated	O
levels	O
upon	O
awakening	O
and	O
all	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
polydrug	O
users	O
demonstrated	O
elevated	O
pre	O
-	O
bed	O
levels	O
compared	O
to	O
non	O
-	O
users	O
.	O

Significant	O
between	O
group	O
differences	O
were	O
also	O
observed	O
in	O
afternoon	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
in	O
overall	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
secretion	O
across	O
the	O
day	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
increases	O
in	O
anxiety	B-Disease
and	O
depression	B-Disease
are	O
in	O
line	O
with	O
previous	O
observations	O
in	O
recreational	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
polydrug	O
users	O
.	O

Dysregulated	O
diurnal	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
indicative	O
of	O
inappropriate	O
anticipation	O
of	O
forthcoming	O
demands	O
and	O
hypersecretion	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
the	O
increased	O
psychological	O
and	O
physical	O
morbidity	O
associated	O
with	O
heavy	O
recreational	O
use	O
of	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
.	O

Ifosfamide	B-Chemical
related	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
:	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
a	O
timely	O
EEG	O
evaluation	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Ifosfamide	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
alkylating	O
agent	O
useful	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
cancers	B-Disease
including	O
sarcomas	B-Disease
,	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
,	O
gynecologic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
testicular	I-Disease
cancers	I-Disease
.	O

Encephalopathy	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
10	O
-	O
40	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
receiving	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
IV	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
highlight	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
electroencephalogram	O
(	O
EEG	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
detection	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
related	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Retrospective	O
chart	O
review	O
including	O
clinical	O
data	O
and	O
EEG	O
recordings	O
was	O
done	O
on	O
five	O
patients	O
,	O
admitted	O
to	O
MD	O
Anderson	O
Cancer	B-Disease
Center	O
between	O
years	O
2009	O
and	O
2012	O
,	O
who	O
developed	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
related	O
acute	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
five	O
patients	O
experienced	O
symptoms	O
of	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
soon	O
after	O
(	O
within	O
12	O
h	O
-	O
2	O
days	O
)	O
receiving	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
generalized	O
convulsions	B-Disease
while	O
one	O
patient	O
developed	O
continuous	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
convulsive	I-Disease
status	I-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
NCSE	B-Disease
)	O
that	O
required	O
ICU	O
admission	O
and	O
intubation	O
.	O

Initial	O
EEG	O
showed	O
epileptiform	O
discharges	O
in	O
three	O
patients	O
;	O
run	O
of	O
triphasic	O
waves	O
in	O
one	O
patient	O
and	O
moderate	O
degree	O
diffuse	O
generalized	O
slowing	O
.	O

Mixed	O
pattern	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
both	O
sharps	O
and	O
triphasic	O
waves	O
were	O
also	O
noted	O
.	O

Repeat	O
EEGs	O
within	O
24	O
_	O
h	O
of	O
symptom	O
onset	O
showed	O
marked	O
improvement	O
that	O
was	O
correlated	O
with	O
clinical	O
improvement	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Severity	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
related	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
correlates	O
with	O
EEG	O
changes	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
a	O
timely	O
EEG	O
evaluation	O
for	O
patients	O
receiving	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
who	O
develop	O
features	O
of	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Incidence	O
of	O
contrast	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
hospitalised	O
patients	O
with	O
cancer	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
and	O
possible	O
factors	O
related	O
to	O
contrast	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
(	O
CIN	O
)	O
in	O
hospitalised	O
patients	O
with	O
cancer	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Ninety	O
adult	O
patients	O
were	O
enrolled	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
were	O
excluded	O
.	O

Blood	O
samples	O
were	O
examined	O
the	O
day	O
before	O
contrast	B-Chemical
-	O
enhanced	O
computed	O
tomography	O
(	O
CT	O
)	O
and	O
serially	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
thereafter	O
.	O

CIN	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
(	O
Cr	B-Chemical
)	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
or	O
elevation	O
of	O
Cr	B-Chemical
to	O
25	O
%	O
over	O
baseline	O
.	O

Relationships	O
between	O
CIN	O
and	O
possible	O
risk	O
factors	O
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
CIN	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
18	O
/	O
90	O
(	O
20	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
.	O

CIN	O
developed	O
in	O
25	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
in	O
11	O
%	O
patients	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

CIN	O
more	O
frequently	O
developed	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
undergone	O
CT	O
within	O
45	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
chemotherapy	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
;	O
it	O
was	O
also	O
an	O
independent	O
risk	O
factor	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
017	O
)	O
.	O

CIN	O
was	O
significantly	O
more	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
bevacizumab	B-Chemical
/	O
irinotecan	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
021	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hypertension	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
044	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
incidence	O
of	O
CIN	O
after	O
CT	O
in	O
hospitalised	O
oncological	O
patients	O
was	O
20	O
%	O
.	O

CIN	O
developed	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
times	O
more	O
frequently	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cancer	B-Disease
who	O
had	O
undergone	O
recent	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
bevacizumab	B-Chemical
/	O
irinotecan	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
additional	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
CIN	O
development	O
.	O

KEY	O
POINTS	O
:	O
.	O

Contrast	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
(	O
CIN	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
concern	O
for	O
oncological	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
CT	O
.	O

.	O
CIN	O
occurs	O
more	O
often	O
when	O
CT	O
is	O
performed	O
<	O
45	O
days	O
after	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

.	O
Hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
treatment	O
with	O
bevacizumab	B-Chemical
appear	O
to	O
be	O
additional	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
inappropriate	I-Disease
antidiuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
secretion	O
associated	O
with	O
desvenlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
syndrome	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
inappropriate	I-Disease
anti	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
diuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
(	O
SIADH	B-Disease
)	O
secretion	O
associated	O
with	O
desvenlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
female	O
with	O
hyponatraemia	B-Disease
.	O

Her	O
medications	O
included	O
desvenlafaxine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
symptoms	O
included	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
anxiety	B-Disease
and	O
confusion	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
serum	O
sodium	B-Chemical
at	O
this	O
time	O
was	O
120	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
serum	O
osmolality	O
was	O
263	O
mosmol	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
urine	O
osmolality	O
410	O
mosmol	O
/	O
kg	O
and	O
urine	O
sodium	B-Chemical
63	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
consistent	O
with	O
a	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
SIADH	B-Disease
.	O

Desvenlafaxine	B-Chemical
was	O
ceased	O
and	O
fluid	O
restriction	O
implemented	O
.	O

After	O
4	O
days	O
the	O
sodium	B-Chemical
increased	O
to	O
128	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
and	O
fluid	O
restriction	O
was	O
relaxed	O
.	O

During	O
her	O
further	O
3	O
weeks	O
inpatient	O
admission	O
the	O
serum	O
sodium	B-Chemical
ranged	O
from	O
134	O
to	O
137	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
mirtazapine	B-Chemical
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
SIADH	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
widely	O
reported	O
with	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
antidepressants	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
suggests	O
that	O
desvenlafaxine	B-Chemical
might	O
cause	O
clinically	O
significant	O
hyponatremia	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
potential	O
for	O
antidepressants	O
to	O
cause	O
hyponatremia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
take	O
appropriate	O
corrective	O
action	O
where	O
necessary	O
.	O

Oxidative	O
stress	O
on	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
single	O
and	O
multiple	O
doses	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
remains	O
controversial	O
.	O

Wistar	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
66	O
)	O
received	O
DOX	B-Chemical
injections	O
intraperitoneally	O
and	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
2	O
experimental	O
protocols	O
:	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
rats	O
were	O
killed	O
before	O
(	O
-	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
and	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
(	O
+	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
acute	O
effect	O
and	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
58	O
)	O
received	O
4	O
injections	O
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
/	O
week	O
)	O
and	O
were	O
killed	O
before	O
the	O
first	O
injection	O
(	O
M0	O
)	O
and	O
1	O
week	O
after	O
each	O
injection	O
(	O
M1	O
,	O
M2	O
,	O
M3	O
,	O
and	O
M4	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
chronological	O
effects	O
.	O

Animals	O
used	O
at	O
M0	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
were	O
also	O
used	O
at	O
moment	O
-	O
24	O
h	O
of	O
acute	O
study	O
.	O

Cardiac	O
total	O
antioxidant	O
performance	O
(	O
TAP	O
)	O
,	O
DNA	O
damage	O
,	O
and	O
morphology	O
analyses	O
were	O
carried	O
out	O
at	O
each	O
time	O
point	O
.	O

Single	O
dose	O
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disarrangement	I-Disease
,	O
necrosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
DNA	O
damage	O
(	O
strand	O
breaks	O
(	O
SBs	O
)	O
and	O
oxidized	O
pyrimidines	O
)	O
and	O
decreased	O
TAP	O
.	O

The	O
chronological	O
study	O
showed	O
an	O
effect	O
of	O
a	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
on	O
body	O
weight	O
(	O
R	O
=	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
99	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
011	O
)	O
,	O
necrosis	B-Disease
(	O
R	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
00	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
004	O
)	O
,	O
TAP	O
(	O
R	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
95	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
049	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
DNA	O
SBs	O
(	O
R	O
=	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
95	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
049	O
)	O
.	O

DNA	O
SBs	O
damage	O
was	O
negatively	O
associated	O
with	O
TAP	O
(	O
R	O
=	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
98	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
018	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
necrosis	B-Disease
(	O
R	O
=	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
97	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
027	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
oxidative	O
damage	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
acute	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
only	O
.	O

Increased	O
resistance	O
to	O
the	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
is	O
plausible	O
for	O
the	O
multiple	O
dose	O
of	O
DOX	B-Chemical
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
different	O
mechanisms	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
acute	O
toxicity	B-Disease
versus	O
chronic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
seizure	B-Disease
after	O
pediatric	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
-	O
-	O
a	O
single	O
-	O
center	O
experience	O
.	O

To	O
identify	O
the	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
new	O
-	O
onset	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
pediatric	O
LT	O
and	O
to	O
assess	O
their	O
clinical	O
implications	O
and	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
prognosis	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
data	O
of	O
27	O
consecutive	O
children	O
who	O
underwent	O
LT	O
from	O
January	O
2007	O
to	O
December	O
2010	O
in	O
our	O
center	O
were	O
analyzed	O
retrospectively	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
seizures	B-Disease
group	O
and	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
seizures	B-Disease
group	O
.	O

Pre	O
-	O
operative	O
,	O
intra	O
-	O
operative	O
,	O
and	O
post	O
-	O
operative	O
data	O
were	O
collected	O
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
four	O
children	O
,	O
an	O
incidence	O
of	O
14	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
.	O

All	O
exhibited	O
generalized	O
tonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
within	O
the	O
first	O
two	O
wk	O
after	O
LT	O
.	O

Univariate	O
analysis	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
factors	O
associated	O
with	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
pediatric	O
LT	O
included	O
gender	O
,	O
pediatric	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
score	O
before	O
surgery	O
,	O
Child	O
-	O
Pugh	O
score	O
before	O
surgery	O
,	O
serum	O
total	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
after	O
surgery	O
,	O
and	O
trough	O
TAC	B-Chemical
level	O
.	O

Multivariate	O
analysis	O
showed	O
that	O
trough	O
TAC	B-Chemical
level	O
was	O
the	O
only	O
independent	O
risk	O
factor	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

All	O
children	O
who	O
experienced	O
seizures	B-Disease
survived	O
with	O
good	O
graft	O
function	O
and	O
remained	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
free	O
without	O
anti	O
-	O
epileptic	B-Disease
drugs	O
over	O
a	O
mean	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
of	O
33	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
14	O
.	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

High	O
trough	O
TAC	B-Chemical
level	O
was	O
the	O
predominant	O
factor	O
that	O
contributed	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
early	O
post	O
-	O
operative	O
period	O
after	O
pediatric	O
LT	O
.	O

High	O
PELD	O
and	O
Child	O
-	O
Pugh	O
scores	O
before	O
LT	O
and	O
high	O
post	O
-	O
operative	O
serum	O
Tbil	O
may	O
be	O
contributory	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
TAC	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
flavonoid	B-Chemical
apigenin	B-Chemical
delays	O
forgetting	O
of	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
conditioning	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
experiments	O
were	O
performed	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
flavonoid	B-Chemical
apigenin	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
intraperitoneally	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
1	O
h	O
before	O
acquisition	O
)	O
,	O
on	O
24	O
h	O
retention	O
performance	O
and	O
forgetting	O
of	O
a	O
step	O
-	O
through	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
,	O
in	O
young	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
differences	O
between	O
saline	O
-	O
and	O
apigenin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
groups	O
in	O
the	O
24	O
h	O
retention	O
trial	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
apigenin	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
the	O
amnesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
1mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
the	O
acquisition	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
saline	O
-	O
and	O
apigenin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
step	O
through	O
into	O
the	O
dark	O
compartment	O
during	O
the	O
cut	O
-	O
off	O
time	O
(	O
540	O
s	O
)	O
were	O
retested	O
weekly	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
eight	O
weeks	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
saline	O
treated	O
group	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
significant	O
decline	O
in	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
response	O
was	O
observed	O
at	O
four	O
weeks	O
,	O
and	O
complete	O
memory	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
was	O
found	O
five	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
acquisition	O
of	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
experimental	O
period	O
,	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
apigenin	B-Chemical
still	O
did	O
not	O
step	O
through	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
1	O
)	O
apigenin	B-Chemical
delays	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
forgetting	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
modulate	O
the	O
24	O
h	O
retention	O
of	O
fear	O
memory	O
and	O
2	O
)	O
the	O
obtained	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
of	O
apigenin	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
conditioning	O
is	O
mediated	O
by	O
mechanisms	O
that	O
do	O
not	O
implicate	O
its	O
action	O
on	O
the	O
muscarinic	O
cholinergic	O
system	O
.	O

Histamine	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
and	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
cardiac	O
surgical	O
patients	O
.	O

Hemodynamic	O
effects	O
and	O
histamine	B-Chemical
release	O
by	O
bolus	O
injection	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
35	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
were	O
studied	O
in	O
24	O
patients	O
.	O

H1	O
-	O
and	O
H2	O
-	O
histamine	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
or	O
placebo	O
were	O
given	O
before	O
dosing	O
with	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
fashion	O
to	O
four	O
groups	O
:	O
group	O
1	O
-	O
-	O
placebo	O
;	O
group	O
2	O
-	O
-	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
,	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
plus	O
placebo	O
;	O
group	O
3	O
-	O
-	O
chlorpheniramine	B-Chemical
,	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
plus	O
placebo	O
;	O
and	O
group	O
4	O
-	O
-	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
plus	O
chlorpheniramine	B-Chemical
.	O

Histamine	B-Chemical
release	O
occurred	O
in	O
most	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
highest	O
level	O
2	O
minutes	O
after	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
dosing	O
.	O

Group	O
1	O
had	O
a	O
moderate	O
negative	O
correlation	O
between	O
plasma	O
histamine	B-Chemical
change	O
and	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
58	O
;	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
not	O
present	O
in	O
group	O
4	O
.	O

Prior	O
dosing	O
with	O
antagonists	O
partially	O
prevented	O
the	O
fall	O
in	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
the	O
hemodynamic	O
changes	O
associated	O
with	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
dosing	O
are	O
only	O
partially	O
explained	O
by	O
histamine	B-Chemical
release	O
.	O

Thus	O
prior	O
dosing	O
with	O
H1	O
-	O
and	O
H2	O
-	O
antagonists	O
provides	O
only	O
partial	O
protection	O
.	O

Cholecystokinin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
octapeptide	I-Chemical
restored	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hippocampal	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
potentiation	O
impairment	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Cholecystokinin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
octapeptide	I-Chemical
(	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
typical	O
brain	O
-	O
gut	O
peptide	O
,	O
exerts	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
biological	O
activities	O
on	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
previously	O
reported	O
that	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
significantly	O
alleviated	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
and	O
reversed	O
spine	O
density	O
decreases	O
in	O
the	O
CA1	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
in	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
on	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
potentiation	O
(	O
LTP	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
lateral	O
perforant	O
path	O
(	O
LPP	O
)	O
-	O
granule	O
cell	O
synapse	O
of	O
rat	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
(	O
DG	O
)	O
in	O
acute	O
saline	O
or	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Population	O
spikes	O
(	O
PS	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
evoked	O
by	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
LPP	O
,	O
were	O
recorded	O
in	O
the	O
DG	O
region	O
.	O

Acute	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
30mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
treatment	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
hippocampal	O
LTP	O
and	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
(	O
1ug	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
restored	O
the	O
amplitude	O
of	O
PS	O
that	O
was	O
attenuated	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
microinjection	O
of	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
and	O
1ug	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
also	O
significantly	O
augmented	O
hippocampal	O
LTP	O
in	O
saline	O
-	O
treated	O
(	O
1ml	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

Pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
of	O
the	O
CCK2	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
L	O
-	O
365	O
,	O
260	O
(	O
10ug	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
)	O
reversed	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
,	O
but	O
the	O
CCK1	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
L	O
-	O
364	O
,	O
718	O
(	O
10ug	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
attenuates	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
on	O
hippocampal	O
LTP	O
through	O
CCK2	O
receptors	O
and	O
suggest	O
an	O
ameliorative	O
function	O
of	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
on	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

Glial	O
activation	O
and	O
post	O
-	O
synaptic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
:	O
the	O
key	O
events	O
in	O
Streptozotocin	B-Chemical
(	O
ICV	O
)	O
induced	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
glial	O
activation	O
and	O
post	O
synaptic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
ICV	O
Streptozotocin	B-Chemical
(	O
STZ	B-Chemical
)	O
induced	O
memory	B-Disease
impaired	I-Disease
rats	O
was	O
explored	O
.	O

In	O
experiment	O
set	O
up	O
1	O
:	O
Memory	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
Morris	O
water	O
maze	O
test	O
on	O
14	O
-	O
16	O
days	O
after	O
STZ	B-Chemical
(	O
ICV	O
;	O
3mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
)	O
administration	O
.	O

STZ	B-Chemical
causes	O
increased	O
expression	O
of	O
GFAP	O
,	O
CD11b	O
and	O
TNF	O
-	O
a	O
indicating	O
glial	O
activation	O
and	O
neuroinflammation	B-Disease
.	O

STZ	B-Chemical
also	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
ROS	O
,	O
nitrite	B-Chemical
,	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
and	O
reduced	O
the	O
mitochondrial	O
activity	O
in	O
synaptosomal	O
preparation	O
illustrating	O
free	O
radical	O
generation	O
and	O
excitotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Increased	O
expression	O
and	O
activity	O
of	O
Caspase	O
-	O
3	O
was	O
also	O
observed	O
in	O
STZ	B-Chemical
treated	O
rat	O
which	O
specify	O
apoptotic	O
cell	O
death	O
in	O
hippocampus	O
and	O
cortex	O
.	O

STZ	B-Chemical
treatment	O
showed	O
decrease	O
expression	O
of	O
post	O
synaptic	O
markers	O
CaMKIIa	O
and	O
PSD	O
-	O
95	O
,	O
while	O
,	O
expression	O
of	O
pre	O
synaptic	O
markers	O
(	O
synaptophysin	O
and	O
SNAP	O
-	O
25	O
)	O
remains	O
unaltered	O
indicating	O
selective	O
post	O
synaptic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Oral	O
treatment	O
with	O
Memantine	B-Chemical
(	O
10mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
Ibuprofen	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
daily	O
for	O
13	O
days	O
attenuated	O
STZ	B-Chemical
induced	O
glial	O
activation	O
,	O
apoptotic	O
cell	O
death	O
and	O
post	O
synaptic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rat	O
brain	O
.	O

Further	O
,	O
in	O
experiment	O
set	O
up	O
2	O
:	O
where	O
memory	O
function	O
was	O
not	O
affected	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
9	O
days	O
after	O
STZ	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
level	O
of	O
GFAP	O
,	O
CD11b	O
,	O
TNF	O
-	O
a	O
,	O
ROS	O
and	O
nitrite	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
increased	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
apoptotic	O
marker	O
,	O
synaptic	O
markers	O
,	O
mitochondrial	O
activity	O
and	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
levels	O
remained	O
unaffected	O
.	O

Collective	O
data	O
indicates	O
that	O
neuroinflammatory	B-Disease
process	O
and	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
occurs	O
earlier	O
to	O
apoptosis	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
affect	O
memory	O
function	O
.	O

Present	O
study	O
clearly	O
suggests	O
that	O
glial	O
activation	O
and	O
post	O
synaptic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
are	O
the	O
key	O
factors	O
in	O
STZ	B-Chemical
induced	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
and	O
neuronal	O
cell	O
death	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
effects	O
of	O
isotonic	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
with	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
in	O
prevention	O
of	O
contrast	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
AND	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Contrast	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
(	O
CIN	O
)	O
significantly	O
increases	O
the	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
investigate	O
and	O
compare	O
the	O
protective	O
effects	O
of	O
isotonic	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
with	O
sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
infusion	O
and	O
isotonic	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
infusion	O
with	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
,	O
in	O
preventing	O
CIN	O
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Our	O
study	O
included	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
administered	O
30	O
-	O
60	O
mL	O
of	O
iodinated	O
contrast	B-Chemical
agent	O
for	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
angiography	O
(	O
PCAG	O
)	O
,	O
all	O
with	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
values	O
between	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
and	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
and	O
each	O
group	O
had	O
20	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
was	O
administered	O
isotonic	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
;	O
the	O
second	O
group	O
was	O
administered	O
a	O
solution	O
that	O
of	O
5	O
%	O
dextrose	B-Chemical
and	O
sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
,	O
while	O
the	O
third	O
group	O
was	O
administered	O
isotonic	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
before	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
contrast	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

The	O
third	O
group	O
received	O
an	O
additional	O
injection	O
of	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
the	O
day	O
before	O
and	O
first	O
2	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
contrast	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
'	O
plasma	O
blood	B-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
nitrogen	I-Chemical
(	O
BUN	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
measured	O
on	O
the	O
second	O
and	O
seventh	O
day	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
intravenous	O
contrast	B-Chemical
material	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
basal	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
similar	O
for	O
all	O
three	O
groups	O
(	O
p	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Among	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
60	O
patients	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
16	O
patients	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
ARF	B-Disease
)	O
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
after	O
contrast	B-Chemical
material	O
was	O
injected	O
(	O
26	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
ARF	B-Disease
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
group	O
was	O
five	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
group	O
was	O
six	O
(	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
third	O
group	O
was	O
five	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
)	O
(	O
p	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
There	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
between	O
isotonic	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
,	O
sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
and	O
isotonic	O
sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
with	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
application	O
in	O
prevention	O
of	O
CIN	O
.	O

Neurocognitive	O
and	O
neuroradiologic	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
late	O
effects	O
in	O
children	O
treated	O
on	O
Pediatric	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
(	O
POG	O
)	O
P9605	O
(	O
standard	O
risk	O
)	O
and	O
P9201	O
(	O
lesser	O
risk	O
)	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
protocols	O
(	O
ACCL0131	O
)	O
:	O
a	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
consequence	O
?	O

A	O
report	O
from	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
.	O

Concerns	O
about	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
(	O
MTX	B-Chemical
)	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
led	O
to	O
modifications	O
in	O
intrathecal	O
(	O
IT	O
)	O
therapy	O
,	O
leucovorin	O
rescue	O
,	O
and	O
frequency	O
of	O
systemic	O
MTX	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
neurocognitive	O
outcomes	O
and	O
neuroradiologic	O
evidence	O
of	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
were	O
compared	O
in	O
children	O
treated	O
with	O
intense	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
CNS	O
)	O
-	O
directed	O
therapy	O
(	O
P9605	O
)	O
versus	O
those	O
receiving	O
fewer	O
CNS	O
-	O
directed	O
treatment	O
days	O
during	O
intensive	O
consolidation	O
(	O
P9201	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
66	O
children	O
from	O
16	O
Pediatric	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
institutions	O
with	O
"	O
standard	O
-	O
risk	O
"	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
,	O
1	O
.	O
00	O
to	O
9	O
.	O
99	O
years	O
at	O
diagnosis	O
,	O
without	O
evidence	O
of	O
CNS	O
leukemia	B-Disease
at	O
diagnosis	O
were	O
enrolled	O
on	O
ACCL0131	O
:	O
28	O
from	O
P9201	O
and	O
38	O
from	O
P9605	O
.	O

Magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
scans	O
and	O
standard	O
neuropsychological	O
tests	O
were	O
performed	O
>	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
years	O
after	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Significantly	O
more	O
P9605	O
patients	O
developed	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
P9201	O
patients	O
(	O
68	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
49	O
%	O
-	O
83	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
22	O
%	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
5	O
%	O
-	O
44	O
%	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
identified	O
as	O
late	O
as	O
7	O
.	O
7	O
years	O
after	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
40	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
scored	O
<	O
85	O
on	O
either	O
Verbal	O
or	O
Performance	O
IQ	O
.	O

Children	O
on	O
both	O
studies	O
had	O
significant	O
attention	B-Disease
problems	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
P9605	O
children	O
scored	O
below	O
average	O
on	O
more	O
neurocognitive	O
measures	O
than	O
those	O
treated	O
on	O
P9201	O
(	O
82	O
%	O
,	O
14	O
/	O
17	O
measures	O
vs	O
.	O
24	O
%	O
,	O
4	O
/	O
17	O
measures	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
supports	O
ongoing	O
concerns	O
about	O
intensive	O
MTX	B-Chemical
exposure	O
as	O
a	O
major	O
contributor	O
to	O
CNS	O
late	O
effects	O
.	O

Tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
overdosage	O
-	O
induced	O
generalized	O
seizure	B-Disease
in	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
45	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
lady	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
stage	O
4	O
due	O
to	O
chronic	O
tubulointerstial	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

She	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
our	O
center	O
for	O
severe	O
anemia	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
menorrhagia	B-Disease
and	O
deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

She	O
was	O
infused	O
three	O
units	O
of	O
packed	O
cells	O
during	O
a	O
session	O
of	O
hemodialysis	O
.	O

Tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
TNA	B-Chemical
)	O
1	O
g	O
8	O
-	O
hourly	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
her	O
to	O
control	O
bleeding	B-Disease
per	O
vaginum	O
.	O

Two	O
hours	O
after	O
the	O
sixth	O
dose	O
of	O
TNA	B-Chemical
,	O
she	O
had	O
an	O
episode	O
of	O
generalized	O
tonic	B-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
convulsions	I-Disease
.	O

TNA	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
.	O

Investigations	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
revealed	O
no	O
biochemical	O
or	O
structural	O
central	O
nervous	B-Disease
system	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
that	O
could	O
have	O
provoked	O
the	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

She	O
did	O
not	O
require	O
any	O
further	O
dialytic	O
support	O
.	O

She	O
had	O
no	O
further	O
episodes	O
of	O
convulsion	B-Disease
till	O
dis	O
-	O
charge	O
and	O
during	O
the	O
two	O
months	O
of	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
precipitating	O
cause	O
of	O
convulsions	B-Disease
was	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
overdose	B-Disease
of	O
TNA	B-Chemical
.	O

Pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
using	O
different	O
lipid	O
formulations	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
lipid	O
emulsions	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
increase	O
lethal	O
doses	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
lipid	O
content	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
may	O
alleviate	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
intralipid	O
or	O
medialipid	O
emulsions	O
on	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Rats	O
were	O
anaesthetised	O
with	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
were	O
given	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
intralipid	O
(	O
Group	O
P	O
)	O
,	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
medialipid	O
(	O
Group	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
saline	O
(	O
Group	O
C	O
)	O
over	O
20	O
min	O
.	O

Thereafter	O
,	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
was	O
infused	O
.	O

We	O
recorded	O
time	O
to	O
first	O
dysrhythmia	B-Disease
occurrence	O
,	O
respective	O
times	O
to	O
25	O
%	O
and	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
rate	O
(	O
HR	O
)	O
and	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
,	O
and	O
time	O
to	O
asystole	B-Disease
and	O
total	O
amount	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
consumption	O
.	O

Blood	O
and	O
tissue	O
samples	O
were	O
collected	O
following	O
asystole	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
time	O
to	O
first	O
dysrhythmia	B-Disease
occurrence	O
,	O
time	O
to	O
25	O
%	O
and	O
50	O
%	O
reductions	O
in	O
HR	O
,	O
and	O
time	O
to	O
asystole	B-Disease
were	O
longer	O
in	O
Group	O
P	O
than	O
the	O
other	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
cumulative	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
dose	O
given	O
at	O
those	O
time	O
points	O
was	O
higher	O
in	O
Group	O
P	O
.	O
Plasma	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
Group	O
P	O
than	O
in	O
Group	O
C	O
.	O
Bupivacaine	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
and	O
heart	O
were	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
Group	O
P	O
and	O
Group	O
L	O
than	O
in	O
Group	O
C	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
We	O
conclude	O
that	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
intralipid	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
medialipid	O
or	O
saline	O
,	O
delayed	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
reduced	O
plasma	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
explore	O
tissue	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
levels	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
medialipid	O
and	O
adapt	O
these	O
results	O
to	O
clinical	O
practice	O
.	O

Drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Induced	I-Disease
Acute	I-Disease
Liver	I-Disease
Injury	I-Disease
Within	O
12	O
Hours	O
After	O
Fluvastatin	B-Chemical
Therapy	O
.	O

Although	O
statins	B-Chemical
are	O
generally	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
drugs	O
,	O
recent	O
cases	O
of	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
their	O
use	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

A	O
52	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Chinese	O
man	O
reported	O
with	O
liver	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
appeared	O
12	O
hours	O
after	O
beginning	O
treatment	O
with	O
fluvastatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Patient	O
presented	O
with	O
complaints	O
of	O
increasing	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
anorexia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
upper	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

His	O
laboratory	O
values	O
showed	O
elevated	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
and	O
transaminases	O
.	O

Testing	O
for	O
autoantibodies	O
was	O
also	O
negative	O
.	O

The	O
liver	O
biochemistries	O
eventually	O
normalized	O
within	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
stopping	O
the	O
fluvastatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
when	O
prescribing	O
statins	O
,	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
hepatic	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
should	O
be	O
taken	O
into	O
account	O
.	O

Fluconazole	B-Chemical
associated	O
agranulocytosis	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
We	O
describe	O
a	O
second	O
case	O
of	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
associated	O
agranulocytosis	B-Disease
with	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
and	O
recovery	O
upon	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
began	O
to	O
have	O
changes	O
in	O
white	O
blood	O
cells	O
and	O
platelets	O
within	O
48	O
h	O
of	O
administration	O
of	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
and	O
began	O
to	O
recover	O
with	O
48	O
h	O
of	O
discontinuation	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
highlights	O
that	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
blood	B-Disease
dyscrasias	I-Disease
can	O
occur	O
unexpectedly	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
a	O
commonly	O
used	O
drug	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
"	O
safe	O
"	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
According	O
to	O
Naranjo	O
'	O
s	O
algorithm	O
the	O
likelihood	O
that	O
our	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
agranulocytosis	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
occurred	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
therapy	O
with	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
is	O
probable	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
six	O
points	O
.	O

We	O
feel	O
that	O
the	O
weight	O
of	O
the	O
overall	O
evidence	O
of	O
this	O
evidence	O
is	O
strong	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
the	O
temporal	O
relationship	O
of	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
suppression	I-Disease
to	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
fluconazole	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
abatement	O
of	O
symptoms	O
that	O
rapidly	O
reversed	O
immediately	O
following	O
discontinuation	O
.	O

Two	O
-	O
dimensional	O
speckle	O
tracking	O
echocardiography	O
combined	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
sensitive	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
T	O
in	O
early	O
detection	O
and	O
prediction	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
during	O
epirubicine	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

AIMS	O
:	O
To	O
investigate	O
whether	O
alterations	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
strain	I-Disease
and	O
high	O
-	O
sensitive	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
T	O
(	O
cTnT	O
)	O
could	O
predict	O
future	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
after	O
epirubicin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Seventy	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
with	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Hodgkin	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
epirubicin	B-Chemical
were	O
studied	O
.	O

Blood	O
collection	O
and	O
echocardiography	O
were	O
performed	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
1	O
day	O
after	O
the	O
third	O
cycle	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
day	O
after	O
completion	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
studied	O
using	O
echocardiography	O
during	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

Global	O
longitudinal	O
(	O
GLS	O
)	O
,	O
circumferential	O
(	O
GCS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
radial	O
strain	O
(	O
GRS	O
)	O
were	O
calculated	O
using	O
speckle	O
tracking	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Left	O
ventricular	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
was	O
analysed	O
by	O
real	O
-	O
time	O
3D	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
defined	O
as	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
LVEF	O
of	O
>	O
5	O
%	O
to	O
<	O
55	O
%	O
with	O
symptoms	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
or	O
an	O
asymptomatic	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
LVEF	O
of	O
>	O
10	O
%	O
to	O
<	O
55	O
%	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Fourteen	O
patients	O
(	O
18	O
.	O
67	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
.	O

GLS	O
(	O
-	O
18	O
.	O
48	O
+	O
1	O
.	O
72	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
-	O
15	O
.	O
96	O
+	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
GCS	O
(	O
-	O
20	O
.	O
93	O
+	O
2	O
.	O
86	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
-	O
19	O
.	O
20	O
+	O
3	O
.	O
21	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
GRS	O
(	O
39	O
.	O
23	O
+	O
6	O
.	O
44	O
%	O
vs	O
.	O
34	O
.	O
98	O
+	O
6	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
markedly	O
reduced	O
and	O
cTnT	O
was	O
elevated	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
0010	O
+	O
0	O
.	O
0020	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
0073	O
+	O
0	O
.	O
0038	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
(	O
P	O
all	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
at	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
compared	O
with	O
baseline	O
values	O
.	O

A	O
>	O
15	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
decrease	O
in	O
GLS	O
[	O
sensitivity	O
,	O
86	O
%	O
;	O
specificity	O
,	O
75	O
%	O
;	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
curve	O
(	O
AUC	O
)	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
815	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
]	O
and	O
a	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
004	O
ng	O
/	O
mL	O
elevation	O
in	O
cTnT	O
(	O
sensitivity	O
,	O
79	O
%	O
;	O
specificity	O
,	O
64	O
%	O
;	O
AUC	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
757	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
from	O
baseline	O
to	O
the	O
third	O
cycle	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
predicted	O
later	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
decrease	O
in	O
GLS	O
remained	O
the	O
only	O
independent	O
predictor	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
000	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
GLS	O
combined	O
with	O
cTnT	O
may	O
provide	O
a	O
reliable	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
invasive	O
method	O
to	O
predict	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Prevention	O
of	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
:	O
which	O
is	O
superior	O
:	O
Fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
a	O
combination	O
?	O

A	O
Retrospective	O
comparative	O
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
retrospective	O
comparative	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
aimed	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
and	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
to	O
prevent	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
.	O

MATERIAL	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
based	O
on	O
anesthesia	O
records	O
.	O

Depending	O
on	O
the	O
drugs	O
that	O
would	O
be	O
given	O
before	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
anesthesia	O
with	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
separated	O
into	O
4	O
groups	O
:	O
no	O
pretreatment	O
(	O
Group	O
NP	O
)	O
,	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
1	O
ug	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
Group	O
F	O
)	O
,	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
03	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
Group	O
M	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
015	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
+	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
ug	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
Group	O
FM	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
received	O
the	O
same	O
anesthetic	O
procedure	O
were	O
selected	O
:	O
2	O
minutes	O
after	O
intravenous	O
injections	O
of	O
the	O
pretreatment	O
drugs	O
,	O
anesthesia	O
is	O
induced	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
injected	O
intravenously	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
20	O
-	O
30	O
seconds	O
.	O

Myoclonic	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
are	O
evaluated	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
observed	O
and	O
graded	O
according	O
to	O
clinical	O
severity	O
during	O
the	O
2	O
minutes	O
after	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

The	O
severity	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
injection	O
,	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
also	O
evaluated	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Study	O
results	O
showed	O
that	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
incidence	O
was	O
85	O
%	O
,	O
40	O
%	O
,	O
70	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
25	O
%	O
in	O
Group	O
NP	O
,	O
Group	O
F	O
,	O
Group	O
M	O
,	O
and	O
Group	O
FM	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
Group	O
F	O
and	O
Group	O
FM	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
conclude	O
that	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
or	O
combination	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
and	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
was	O
effective	O
in	O
preventing	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
.	O

Convulsant	O
effect	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
and	O
regional	O
brain	O
concentration	O
of	O
GABA	B-Chemical
and	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Lindane	B-Chemical
(	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hexachlorocyclohexane	I-Chemical
)	O
is	O
an	O
organochlorine	O
insecticide	O
with	O
known	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
.	O

Its	O
mechanism	O
of	O
action	O
is	O
not	O
well	O
understood	O
although	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
that	O
lindane	B-Chemical
acts	O
as	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
competitive	O
antagonist	O
at	O
the	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
A	O
receptor	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
lindane	B-Chemical
(	O
150	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
GABAergic	O
and	O
dopaminergic	O
systems	O
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
concentration	O
of	O
GABA	B-Chemical
,	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
metabolites	O
in	O
7	O
brain	O
areas	O
at	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

All	O
animals	O
suffered	O
tonic	O
convulsions	B-Disease
at	O
18	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
min	O
after	O
lindane	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

The	O
concentration	O
of	O
GABA	B-Chemical
was	O
only	O
slightly	O
but	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
in	O
the	O
colliculi	O
without	O
modifications	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
areas	O
.	O

The	O
concentration	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
was	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
mesencephalon	O
and	O
that	O
of	O
its	O
metabolite	O
DOPAC	B-Chemical
was	O
also	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
mesencephalon	O
and	O
the	O
striatum	O
.	O

Cholestatic	B-Disease
presentation	O
of	O
yellow	O
phosphorus	B-Chemical
poisoning	B-Disease
.	O

Yellow	O
phosphorus	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
component	O
of	O
certain	O
pesticide	O
pastes	O
and	O
fireworks	O
,	O
is	O
well	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Poisoning	B-Disease
with	O
yellow	O
phosphorus	B-Chemical
classically	O
manifests	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
leading	O
to	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
which	O
may	O
need	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
yellow	O
phosphorus	B-Chemical
poisoning	B-Disease
in	O
which	O
a	O
patient	O
presented	O
with	O
florid	O
clinical	O
features	O
of	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
highlighting	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
can	O
rarely	O
be	O
a	O
presenting	O
feature	O
of	O
yellow	O
phosphorus	B-Chemical
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Vasovagal	B-Disease
syncope	I-Disease
and	O
severe	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
following	O
intranasal	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
for	O
pediatric	O
procedural	O
sedation	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
syncope	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
in	O
an	O
11	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
following	O
administration	O
of	O
intranasal	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
for	O
sedation	O
for	O
a	O
voiding	O
cystourethrogram	O
.	O

Following	O
successful	O
completion	O
of	O
VCUG	O
and	O
a	O
60	O
-	O
min	O
recovery	O
period	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
level	O
of	O
consciousness	O
and	O
vital	O
signs	O
returned	O
to	O
presedation	O
levels	O
.	O

Upon	O
leaving	O
the	O
sedation	O
area	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
collapsed	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
apparent	O
inciting	O
event	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
quickly	O
regained	O
consciousness	O
and	O
no	O
injury	O
occurred	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
abnormality	O
found	O
was	O
persistent	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
she	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
for	O
telemetric	O
observation	O
.	O

The	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
lasted	O
~	O
2	O
h	O
,	O
and	O
further	O
cardiac	O
workup	O
revealed	O
no	O
underlying	O
abnormality	O
.	O

Unanticipated	O
and	O
previously	O
unreported	O
outcomes	O
may	O
be	O
witnessed	O
as	O
we	O
expand	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
certain	O
sedatives	O
to	O
alternative	O
routes	O
of	O
administration	O
.	O

Paradoxical	O
severe	O
agitation	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
add	O
-	O
on	O
high	O
-	O
doses	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
in	O
schizo	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
affective	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
35	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
suffering	O
from	O
schizo	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
affective	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
since	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
19	O
years	O
,	O
treated	O
by	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
first	O
-	O
generation	O
antipsychotics	O
,	O
zuclopenthixol	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
and	O
lithium	B-Chemical
(	O
1200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
(	O
serum	O
lithium	B-Chemical
=	O
0	O
.	O
85	O
mEq	O
/	O
l	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
patient	O
had	O
no	O
associated	O
personality	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
particularly	O
no	O
antisocial	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
)	O
and	O
no	O
substance	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Within	O
the	O
48	O
h	O
following	O
the	O
gradual	O
introduction	O
of	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
(	O
up	O
to	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
presented	O
severe	O
agitation	B-Disease
without	O
an	O
environmental	O
explanation	O
,	O
contrasting	O
with	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
or	O
personality	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
diagnoses	O
of	O
manic	B-Disease
shift	O
and	O
akathisia	B-Disease
were	O
dismissed	O
.	O

The	O
withdrawal	O
and	O
the	O
gradual	O
reintroduction	O
of	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
2	O
weeks	O
later	O
,	O
which	O
led	O
to	O
another	O
severe	O
agitation	B-Disease
,	O
enabled	O
us	O
to	O
attribute	O
the	O
agitation	B-Disease
specifically	O
to	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
.	O

Antioxidant	O
effects	O
of	O
bovine	O
lactoferrin	O
on	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
rat	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
(	O
Dex	B-Chemical
-	O
)	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
enhanced	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Lactoferrin	O
(	O
LF	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
iron	B-Chemical
-	O
binding	O
glycoprotein	O
with	O
antihypertensive	O
properties	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
chronic	O
administration	O
of	O
LF	O
on	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
hypertension	B-Disease
upon	O
Dex	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
by	O
Dex	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
u	O
g	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
subcutaneously	O
)	O
or	O
saline	O
for	O
14	O
days	O
.	O

Oral	O
bovine	O
LF	O
(	O
30	O
,	O
100	O
,	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
given	O
from	O
day	O
8	O
to	O
14	O
in	O
a	O
reversal	O
study	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
prevention	O
study	O
,	O
rats	O
received	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
LF	O
treatment	O
followed	O
by	O
Dex	B-Chemical
and	O
continued	O
during	O
the	O
test	O
period	O
.	O

Systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
was	O
measured	O
using	O
tail	O
-	O
cuff	O
method	O
.	O

Thymus	O
weight	O
was	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
glucocorticoid	O
activity	O
.	O

Plasma	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
peroxide	I-Chemical
(	O
H2O2	B-Chemical
)	O
concentration	O
and	O
ferric	O
reducing	O
antioxidant	O
power	O
(	O
FRAP	O
)	O
value	O
were	O
determined	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
SBP	O
and	O
plasma	O
H2O2	B-Chemical
level	O
and	O
decreased	O
thymus	O
and	O
body	O
weights	O
.	O

LF	O
lowered	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
and	O
dose	O
dependently	O
prevented	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
Dex	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

LF	O
prevented	O
body	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
and	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
elevated	O
plasma	O
H2O2	B-Chemical
and	O
increased	O
FRAP	O
values	O
.	O

Chronic	O
administration	O
of	O
LF	O
strongly	O
reduced	O
the	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
production	O
of	O
ROS	O
and	O
improved	O
antioxidant	O
capacity	O
in	O
Dex	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
inhibition	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
as	O
another	O
mechanism	O
of	O
antihypertensive	O
action	O
of	O
LF	O
.	O

The	O
association	O
between	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
and	O
convulsive	B-Disease
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
:	O
a	O
multivariate	O
analysis	O
in	O
11	O
529	O
patients	O
.	O

Because	O
of	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
contemporary	O
data	O
regarding	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
,	O
we	O
undertook	O
a	O
retrospective	O
analysis	O
of	O
prospectively	O
collected	O
data	O
from	O
11	O
529	O
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
cardiopulmonary	O
bypass	O
was	O
used	O
from	O
January	O
2004	O
to	O
December	O
2010	O
.	O

A	O
convulsive	B-Disease
seizure	B-Disease
was	O
defined	O
as	O
a	O
transient	O
episode	O
of	O
disturbed	O
brain	O
function	O
characterised	O
by	O
abnormal	B-Disease
involuntary	I-Disease
motor	I-Disease
movements	I-Disease
.	O

Multivariate	O
regression	O
analysis	O
was	O
performed	O
to	O
identify	O
independent	O
predictors	O
of	O
postoperative	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
100	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
developed	O
postoperative	O
convulsive	B-Disease
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Generalised	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
focal	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
were	O
identified	O
in	O
68	O
and	O
32	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
(	O
IQR	O
[	O
range	O
]	O
)	O
time	O
after	O
surgery	O
when	O
the	O
seizure	B-Disease
occurred	O
was	O
7	O
(	O
6	O
-	O
12	O
[	O
1	O
-	O
216	O
]	O
)	O
h	O
and	O
8	O
(	O
6	O
-	O
11	O
[	O
4	O
-	O
18	O
]	O
)	O
h	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Epileptiform	O
findings	O
on	O
electroencephalography	O
were	O
seen	O
in	O
19	O
patients	O
.	O

Independent	O
predictors	O
of	O
postoperative	O
seizures	B-Disease
included	O
age	O
,	O
female	O
sex	O
,	O
redo	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
,	O
calcification	O
of	O
ascending	O
aorta	O
,	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
deep	O
hypothermic	B-Disease
circulatory	O
arrest	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
aortic	O
cross	O
-	O
clamp	O
and	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

When	O
tested	O
in	O
a	O
multivariate	O
regression	O
analysis	O
,	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
was	O
a	O
strong	O
independent	O
predictor	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
(	O
OR	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
36	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
convulsive	B-Disease
seizures	B-Disease
had	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
times	O
higher	O
in	O
-	O
hospital	O
mortality	O
rates	O
and	O
twice	O
the	O
length	O
of	O
hospital	O
stay	O
compared	O
with	O
patients	O
without	O
convulsive	B-Disease
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Mean	O
(	O
IQR	O
[	O
range	O
]	O
)	O
length	O
of	O
stay	O
in	O
the	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
was	O
115	O
(	O
49	O
-	O
228	O
[	O
32	O
-	O
481	O
]	O
)	O
h	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
convulsive	B-Disease
seizures	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
26	O
(	O
22	O
-	O
69	O
[	O
14	O
-	O
1080	O
]	O
)	O
h	O
in	O
patients	O
without	O
seizures	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Convulsive	B-Disease
seizures	B-Disease
are	O
a	O
serious	O
postoperative	B-Disease
complication	I-Disease
after	O
cardiac	O
surgery	O
.	O

As	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
is	O
the	O
only	O
modifiable	O
factor	O
,	O
its	O
administration	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
doses	O
exceeding	O
80	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
weighed	O
against	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
postoperative	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Dysfunctional	B-Disease
overnight	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
consolidation	O
in	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

Sleep	O
plays	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
consolidation	O
and	O
integration	O
of	O
memory	O
in	O
a	O
process	O
called	O
overnight	O
memory	O
consolidation	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
indicate	O
that	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
have	O
marked	O
and	O
persistent	O
neurocognitive	O
and	O
sleep	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
related	I-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
extend	O
past	O
research	O
by	O
examining	O
overnight	O
memory	O
consolidation	O
among	O
regular	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
and	O
drug	O
naive	O
healthy	O
controls	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
26	O
)	O
.	O

Memory	O
recall	O
of	O
word	O
pairs	O
was	O
evaluated	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
sleep	O
,	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
interference	O
prior	O
to	O
testing	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
we	O
assessed	O
neurocognitive	O
performances	O
across	O
tasks	O
of	O
learning	O
,	O
memory	O
and	O
executive	O
functioning	O
.	O

Ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
demonstrated	O
impaired	B-Disease
overnight	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
consolidation	O
,	O
a	O
finding	O
that	O
was	O
more	O
pronounced	O
following	O
associative	O
interference	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
demonstrated	O
impairments	O
on	O
tasks	O
recruiting	O
frontostriatal	O
and	O
hippocampal	O
neural	O
circuitry	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
domains	O
of	O
proactive	O
interference	O
memory	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
memory	O
,	O
encoding	O
,	O
working	O
memory	O
and	O
complex	O
planning	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
dysfunction	O
in	O
fronto	O
-	O
temporal	O
circuitry	O
may	O
underlie	O
overnight	O
consolidation	O
memory	B-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
in	O
regular	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

Normoammonemic	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
:	O
solely	O
valproate	B-Chemical
induced	O
or	O
multiple	O
mechanisms	O
?	O

A	O
77	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
presented	O
with	O
subacute	O
onset	O
progressive	O
confusion	B-Disease
,	O
aggression	B-Disease
,	O
auditory	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
and	O
delusions	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
preceding	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
admissions	O
with	O
transient	O
unilateral	O
hemiparesis	B-Disease
with	O
facial	O
droop	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
been	O
started	O
on	O
valproate	B-Chemical
for	O
presumed	O
hemiplegic	B-Disease
migraine	I-Disease
.	O

Valproate	B-Chemical
was	O
withdrawn	O
soon	O
after	O
admission	O
and	O
her	O
cognitive	O
abilities	O
have	O
gradually	O
improved	O
over	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

Valproate	B-Chemical
levels	O
taken	O
prior	O
to	O
withdrawal	O
were	O
subtherapeutic	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
normoammonaemic	O
.	O

EEG	O
undertaken	O
during	O
inpatient	O
stay	O
showed	O
changes	O
consistent	O
with	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
low	O
titre	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
receptor	O
antibodies	O
were	O
present	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
.	O

The	O
possible	O
aetiologies	O
of	O
valproate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
and	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
-	O
associated	O
encephalitis	B-Disease
present	O
a	O
diagnostic	O
dilemma	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
putative	O
combinatorial	O
hypothesis	O
to	O
explain	O
this	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Cerebellar	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
oculomotor	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
rapid	O
infusion	O
of	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Pethidine	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
opioid	O
that	O
gains	O
its	O
popularity	O
for	O
the	O
effective	O
pain	B-Disease
control	O
through	O
acting	O
on	O
the	O
opioid	O
-	O
receptors	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
rapid	O
pain	B-Disease
relief	O
sometimes	O
brings	O
about	O
unfavourable	O
side	O
effects	O
that	O
largely	O
limit	O
its	O
clinical	O
utility	O
.	O

Common	O
side	O
effects	O
include	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	B-Disease
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
impaired	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
those	O
who	O
need	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
pain	B-Disease
control	O
,	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
may	O
cause	O
excitatory	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
CNS	O
)	O
effects	O
through	O
its	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
metabolite	O
,	O
norpethidine	B-Chemical
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
irritability	B-Disease
and	O
seizure	B-Disease
attack	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
though	O
not	O
clinically	O
apparent	O
,	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
potentially	O
causes	O
inhibitory	O
impacts	O
on	O
the	O
CNS	O
and	O
impairs	O
normal	O
cerebellar	O
and	O
oculomotor	O
function	O
in	O
the	O
short	O
term	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
case	O
report	O
,	O
we	O
highlight	O
opioid	O
'	O
s	O
inhibitory	O
side	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
cerebellar	O
structure	O
that	O
causes	O
dysmetria	B-Disease
,	O
dysarthria	B-Disease
,	O
reduced	O
smooth	O
pursuit	O
gain	O
and	O
decreased	O
saccadic	O
velocity	O
.	O

Baboon	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
27	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
patient	O
presented	O
with	O
a	O
maculopapular	B-Disease
eruption	I-Disease
on	O
the	O
flexural	O
areas	O
and	O
buttocks	O
after	O
using	O
oral	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
baboon	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
based	O
on	O
his	O
history	O
,	O
which	O
included	O
prior	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
topical	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
physical	O
examination	O
,	O
and	O
histopathological	O
findings	O
.	O

Baboon	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
drug	O
-	O
or	O
contact	O
allergen	O
-	O
related	O
maculopapular	B-Disease
eruption	I-Disease
that	O
typically	O
involves	O
the	O
flexural	O
and	O
gluteal	O
areas	O
.	O

To	O
the	O
best	O
of	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
of	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
baboon	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
English	O
literature	O
.	O

A	O
Case	O
of	O
Sudden	B-Disease
Cardiac	I-Disease
Death	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
Pilsicainide	B-Chemical
-	O
Induced	O
Torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
Pointes	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
84	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
received	O
oral	O
pilsicainide	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
pure	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
with	O
slow	O
recovery	O
kinetics	O
,	O
to	O
convert	O
his	O
paroxysmal	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
to	O
a	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
;	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
sudden	B-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
death	I-Disease
two	O
days	O
later	O
.	O

The	O
Holter	O
electrocardiogram	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
worn	O
by	O
chance	O
,	O
revealed	O
torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
with	O
gradually	O
prolonged	O
QT	O
intervals	O
.	O

This	O
drug	O
is	O
rapidly	O
absorbed	O
from	O
the	O
gastrointestinal	O
tract	O
,	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
it	O
is	O
excreted	O
from	O
the	O
kidney	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
renal	O
function	O
was	O
not	O
highly	O
impaired	O
and	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
pilsicainide	B-Chemical
was	O
low	O
,	O
the	O
plasma	O
concentration	O
of	O
pilsicainide	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
been	O
high	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
produce	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
octogenarian	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
class	O
IC	O
drugs	O
,	O
including	O
pilsicainide	B-Chemical
,	O
is	O
effective	O
to	O
terminate	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
,	O
careful	O
consideration	O
must	O
be	O
taken	O
before	O
giving	O
these	O
drugs	O
to	O
octogenarians	O
.	O

All	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trans	I-Chemical
retinoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
inflammatory	O
myositis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
promyelocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
.	O

All	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trans	I-Chemical
retinoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
component	O
of	O
standard	O
therapy	O
for	O
acute	B-Disease
promyelocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
(	O
APL	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
potentially	O
serious	O
but	O
treatable	O
adverse	O
effects	O
involving	O
numerous	O
organ	O
systems	O
,	O
including	O
rare	O
skeletal	O
muscle	O
involvement	O
.	O

Only	O
a	O
handful	O
of	O
cases	O
of	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myositis	B-Disease
in	O
children	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
,	O
and	O
none	O
in	O
the	O
radiology	O
literature	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
such	O
a	O
case	O
in	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
with	O
APL	B-Disease
,	O
where	O
recognition	O
of	O
imaging	O
findings	O
played	O
a	O
crucial	O
role	O
in	O
making	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
and	O
facilitated	O
prompt	O
,	O
effective	O
treatment	O
.	O

Tolerability	O
of	O
lomustine	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
in	O
dogs	O
with	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
retrospective	O
study	O
describes	O
toxicity	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
a	O
protocol	O
of	O
lomustine	B-Chemical
(	O
CCNU	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CTX	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
dogs	O
with	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
.	O

CCNU	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
per	O
os	O
(	O
PO	O
)	O
at	O
a	O
targeted	O
dosage	O
of	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
on	O
day	O
0	O
,	O
CTX	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
PO	O
at	O
a	O
targeted	O
dosage	O
of	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
divided	O
over	O
days	O
0	O
through	O
4	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
dogs	O
received	O
prophylactic	O
antibiotics	O
.	O

Ninety	O
treatments	O
were	O
given	O
to	O
the	O
57	O
dogs	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Neutropenia	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
principal	O
toxic	O
effect	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
overall	O
frequency	O
of	O
grade	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
after	O
the	O
first	O
treatment	O
of	O
CCNU	B-Chemical
/	O
CTX	B-Chemical
was	O
30	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
19	O
-	O
43	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
body	O
weight	O
of	O
dogs	O
with	O
grade	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
(	O
19	O
.	O
7	O
kg	O
+	O
13	O
.	O
4	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
significantly	O
less	O
than	O
the	O
mean	O
body	O
weight	O
of	O
dogs	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
develop	O
grade	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
(	O
31	O
.	O
7	O
kg	O
+	O
12	O
.	O
4	O
kg	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
.	O

One	O
dog	O
(	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
hematologic	O
changes	O
suggestive	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

No	O
dogs	O
had	O
evidence	O
of	O
either	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
or	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

Adverse	O
gastrointestinal	O
effects	O
were	O
uncommon	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
the	O
findings	O
reported	O
herein	O
,	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
of	O
CCNU	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
of	O
CTX	B-Chemical
(	O
divided	O
over	O
5	O
days	O
)	O
q	O
4	O
wk	O
is	O
tolerable	O
in	O
tumor	B-Disease
-	O
bearing	O
dogs	O
.	O

Nelarabine	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
with	O
concurrent	O
intrathecal	O
chemotherapy	O
:	O
Case	O
report	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
literature	O
.	O

Severe	O
nelarabine	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
received	O
concurrent	O
intrathecal	O
(	O
IT	O
)	O
chemotherapy	O
is	O
reported	O
.	O

A	O
37	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Caucasian	O
woman	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
T	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
was	O
admitted	O
for	O
relapsed	O
disease	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
originally	O
treated	O
with	O
induction	O
chemotherapy	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
autologous	O
transplant	O
.	O

She	O
developed	O
relapsed	O
disease	O
10	O
months	O
later	O
with	O
leukemic	B-Disease
involvement	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
re	O
-	O
induced	O
with	O
nelarabine	B-Chemical
1500	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
5	O
with	O
1	O
dose	O
of	O
IT	O
cytarabine	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
on	O
day	O
2	O
as	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
CNS	O
)	O
prophylaxis	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
she	O
was	O
on	O
continuous	O
renal	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
due	O
to	O
sequelae	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
lysis	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
TLS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

She	O
tolerated	O
therapy	O
well	O
,	O
entered	O
a	O
complete	O
remission	O
,	O
and	O
recovered	O
her	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

She	O
received	O
a	O
second	O
cycle	O
of	O
nelarabine	B-Chemical
without	O
additional	O
IT	O
prophylaxis	O
one	O
month	O
later	O
.	O

A	O
week	O
after	O
this	O
second	O
cycle	O
,	O
she	O
noted	O
numbness	O
in	O
her	O
lower	O
extremities	O
.	O

Predominantly	O
sensory	O
,	O
though	O
also	O
motor	O
and	O
autonomic	O
,	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
started	O
in	O
her	O
feet	O
,	O
ascended	O
proximally	O
to	O
the	O
mid	O
-	O
thoracic	O
region	O
,	O
and	O
eventually	O
included	O
her	O
distal	O
upper	O
extremities	O
.	O

A	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
MRI	O
)	O
of	O
her	O
spine	O
demonstrated	O
changes	O
from	O
C2	O
to	O
C6	O
consistent	O
with	O
subacute	O
combined	O
degeneration	O
.	O

Nelarabine	B-Chemical
was	O
felt	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
her	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Her	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
stabilized	O
and	O
showed	O
slight	O
improvement	O
and	O
ultimately	O
received	O
an	O
unrelated	O
,	O
reduced	O
-	O
intensity	O
allogeneic	O
transplant	O
while	O
in	O
complete	O
remission	O
,	O
but	O
relapsed	O
disease	O
10	O
weeks	O
later	O
.	O

She	O
is	O
currently	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
best	O
supportive	O
care	O
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
published	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
severe	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
nelarabine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
received	O
concurrent	O
IT	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Valproate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperammonemic	B-Disease
encephalopathy	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
renal	O
transplanted	O
patient	O
.	O

Neurological	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
after	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
constitute	O
an	O
important	O
cause	O
of	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
.	O

Their	O
differential	O
diagnosis	O
is	O
difficult	O
and	O
essential	O
for	O
subsequent	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
management	O
.	O

Valproate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperammonemic	B-Disease
encephalopathy	B-Disease
is	O
an	O
uncommon	O
but	O
serious	O
effect	O
of	O
valproate	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
who	O
was	O
on	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
therapy	O
with	O
valproate	B-Chemical
due	O
to	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
and	O
revealed	O
impaired	B-Disease
consciousness	I-Disease
with	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
12	O
days	O
after	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
.	O

After	O
withdraw	O
of	O
valproate	B-Chemical
,	O
patients	O
'	O
symptoms	O
resolved	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
increase	O
their	O
awareness	O
for	O
potential	O
complication	O
of	O
valproate	B-Chemical
,	O
especially	O
in	O
transplanted	O
patients	O
.	O

Necrotising	B-Disease
fasciitis	I-Disease
after	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
in	O
an	O
elderly	O
patient	O
of	O
Waldenstrom	B-Disease
macroglobulinaemia	I-Disease
.	O

Bortezomib	B-Chemical
and	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
regimens	O
are	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
generally	O
tolerable	O
with	O
few	O
severe	O
bacterial	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
B	O
-	O
cell	O
malignancies	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
information	O
is	O
limited	O
concerning	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
the	O
regimen	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
76	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
Waldenstrom	B-Disease
macroglobulinaemia	I-Disease
who	O
suffered	O
necrotising	B-Disease
fasciitis	I-Disease
without	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
after	O
the	O
combination	O
treatment	O
with	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
,	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
and	O
rituximab	O
.	O

Despite	O
immediate	O
intravenous	O
antimicrobial	O
therapy	O
,	O
he	O
succumbed	O
23	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
onset	O
.	O

Physicians	O
should	O
recognise	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
fatal	O
bacterial	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
plus	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
believe	O
this	O
case	O
warrants	O
further	O
investigation	O
.	O

An	O
integrated	O
characterization	O
of	O
serological	O
,	O
pathological	O
,	O
and	O
functional	O
events	O
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Many	O
efficacious	O
cancer	B-Disease
treatments	O
cause	O
significant	O
cardiac	O
morbidity	O
,	O
yet	O
biomarkers	O
or	O
functional	O
indices	O
of	O
early	O
damage	O
,	O
which	O
would	O
allow	O
monitoring	O
and	O
intervention	O
,	O
are	O
lacking	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
utilized	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
progressive	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
,	O
applying	O
multiple	O
approaches	O
,	O
including	O
cardiac	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
MRI	O
)	O
,	O
to	O
provide	O
the	O
most	O
comprehensive	O
characterization	O
to	O
date	O
of	O
the	O
timecourse	O
of	O
serological	O
,	O
pathological	O
,	O
and	O
functional	O
events	O
underlying	O
this	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Hannover	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
dosed	O
with	O
1	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
DOX	B-Chemical
weekly	O
for	O
8	O
weeks	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
4	O
week	O
off	O
-	O
dosing	O
"	O
recovery	O
"	O
period	O
.	O

Electron	O
microscopy	O
of	O
the	O
myocardium	O
revealed	O
subcellular	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
and	O
marked	O
mitochondrial	O
changes	O
after	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
.	O

Histopathological	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
progressive	O
cardiomyocyte	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
,	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
/	O
cytomegaly	O
,	O
and	O
extensive	O
vacuolation	O
after	O
two	O
doses	O
.	O

Extensive	O
replacement	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
(	O
quantified	O
by	O
Sirius	O
red	O
staining	O
)	O
developed	O
during	O
the	O
off	O
-	O
dosing	O
period	O
.	O

Functional	O
indices	O
assessed	O
by	O
cardiac	O
MRI	O
(	O
including	O
left	O
ventricular	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
(	O
LVEF	O
)	O
,	O
cardiac	O
output	O
,	O
and	O
E	O
/	O
A	O
ratio	O
)	O
declined	O
progressively	O
,	O
reaching	O
statistical	O
significance	O
after	O
two	O
doses	O
and	O
culminating	O
in	O
"	O
clinical	O
"	O
LV	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
by	O
12	O
weeks	O
.	O

Significant	O
increases	O
in	O
peak	O
myocardial	O
contrast	O
enhancement	O
and	O
serological	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
I	O
(	O
cTnI	O
)	O
emerged	O
after	O
eight	O
doses	O
,	O
importantly	O
preceding	O
the	O
LVEF	O
decline	O
to	O
<	O
50	O
%	O
.	O

Troponin	O
I	O
levels	O
positively	O
correlated	O
with	O
delayed	O
and	O
peak	O
gadolinium	B-Chemical
contrast	O
enhancement	O
,	O
histopathological	O
grading	O
,	O
and	O
diastolic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
summary	O
,	O
subcellular	O
cardiomyocyte	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
was	O
the	O
earliest	O
marker	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
progressive	O
functional	O
decline	O
and	O
histopathological	O
manifestations	O
.	O

Myocardial	O
contrast	O
enhancement	O
and	O
elevations	O
in	O
cTnI	O
occurred	O
later	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
all	O
indices	O
predated	O
"	O
clinical	O
"	O
LV	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
thus	O
warrant	O
further	O
evaluation	O
as	O
predictive	O
biomarkers	O
.	O

Intradermal	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
injections	O
:	O
intra	O
-	O
and	O
interindividual	O
variability	O
of	O
provoked	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
and	O
allodynia	B-Disease
.	O

Intradermal	O
injections	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
are	O
attractive	O
to	O
use	O
in	O
human	O
experimental	O
pain	B-Disease
models	O
because	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
and	O
allodynia	B-Disease
mimic	O
isolated	O
aspects	O
of	O
clinical	O
pain	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
reproducibility	O
of	O
these	O
models	O
.	O

Twenty	O
healthy	O
male	O
volunteers	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
24	O
years	O
;	O
range	O
18	O
-	O
38	O
years	O
)	O
received	O
intradermal	O
injections	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
volar	O
forearm	O
.	O

Magnitudes	O
of	O
secondary	O
pinprick	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
and	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
allodynia	B-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
using	O
von	O
Frey	O
filaments	O
(	O
gauges	O
10	O
,	O
15	O
,	O
60	O
and	O
100	O
g	O
)	O
and	O
brush	O
strokes	O
.	O

Areas	O
of	O
secondary	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
and	O
allodynia	B-Disease
were	O
quantified	O
immediately	O
after	O
injection	O
and	O
after	O
15	O
,	O
30	O
and	O
60	O
min	O
.	O

Two	O
identical	O
experiments	O
separated	O
by	O
at	O
least	O
7	O
days	O
were	O
performed	O
.	O

Reproducibility	O
across	O
and	O
within	O
volunteers	O
(	O
inter	O
-	O
and	O
intra	O
-	O
individual	O
variation	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
was	O
assessed	O
using	O
intraclass	O
correlation	O
coefficient	O
(	O
ICC	O
)	O
and	O
coefficient	O
of	O
variation	O
(	O
CV	O
)	O
.	O

Secondary	O
pinprick	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
as	O
a	O
marked	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
visual	O
analogue	O
scale	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
response	O
to	O
von	O
Frey	O
gauges	O
60	O
and	O
100	O
g	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
after	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

For	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
,	O
secondary	O
pinprick	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
was	O
detected	O
with	O
all	O
von	O
Frey	O
gauges	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Glutamate	B-Chemical
evoked	O
reproducible	O
VAS	O
response	O
to	O
all	O
von	O
Frey	O
gauges	O
(	O
ICC	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
60	O
)	O
and	O
brush	O
strokes	O
(	O
ICC	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
83	O
)	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
injection	O
was	O
reproducible	O
for	O
secondary	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
(	O
ICC	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
70	O
)	O
and	O
allodynia	B-Disease
(	O
ICC	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
71	O
)	O
.	O

Intra	O
-	O
individual	O
variability	O
was	O
generally	O
lower	O
for	O
the	O
VAS	O
response	O
to	O
von	O
Frey	O
and	O
brush	O
compared	O
with	O
areas	O
of	O
secondary	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
and	O
allodynia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
yield	O
reproducible	O
hyperalgesic	B-Disease
and	O
allodynic	B-Disease
responses	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
present	O
model	O
is	O
well	O
suited	O
for	O
basic	O
research	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
for	O
assessing	O
the	O
modulation	O
of	O
central	O
phenomena	O
.	O

Ocular	O
-	O
specific	O
ER	O
stress	O
reduction	O
rescues	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
in	O
murine	O
glucocorticoid	O
-	O
induced	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
glucocorticoids	O
induces	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
some	O
patients	O
.	O

If	O
untreated	O
,	O
these	O
patients	O
can	O
develop	O
a	O
secondary	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
that	O
resembles	O
primary	B-Disease
open	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
angle	I-Disease
glaucoma	I-Disease
(	O
POAG	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
pathology	O
of	O
glucocorticoid	O
-	O
induced	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
fully	O
understood	O
,	O
due	O
in	O
part	O
to	O
lack	O
of	O
an	O
appropriate	O
animal	O
model	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
developed	O
a	O
murine	O
model	O
of	O
glucocorticoid	O
-	O
induced	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
that	O
exhibits	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
features	O
that	O
are	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
WT	O
mice	O
with	O
topical	O
ocular	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
led	O
to	O
elevation	O
of	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
(	O
IOP	O
)	O
,	O
functional	O
and	O
structural	O
loss	O
of	O
retinal	B-Disease
ganglion	I-Disease
cells	O
,	O
and	O
axonal	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
,	O
resembling	O
glucocorticoid	O
-	O
induced	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
in	O
human	O
patients	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
chronic	O
ER	O
stress	O
of	O
the	O
trabecular	O
meshwork	O
(	O
TM	O
)	O
.	O

Similar	O
to	O
patients	O
,	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
reduced	O
elevated	O
IOP	O
and	O
ER	O
stress	O
in	O
this	O
animal	O
model	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
induced	O
the	O
transcriptional	O
factor	O
CHOP	O
,	O
a	O
marker	O
for	O
chronic	O
ER	O
stress	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
anterior	O
segment	O
tissues	O
,	O
and	O
Chop	O
deletion	O
reduced	O
ER	O
stress	O
in	O
these	O
tissues	O
and	O
prevented	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
reduction	O
of	O
ER	O
stress	O
in	O
the	O
TM	O
with	O
sodium	B-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenylbutyrate	I-Chemical
prevented	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
WT	O
mice	O
.	O

Our	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
ER	O
stress	O
contributes	O
to	O
glucocorticoid	O
-	O
induced	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
and	O
suggest	O
that	O
reducing	O
ER	O
stress	O
has	O
potential	O
as	O
a	O
therapeutic	O
strategy	O
for	O
treating	O
glucocorticoid	O
-	O
induced	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
ginsenosides	B-Chemical
on	O
opioid	O
-	O
induced	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Opioid	O
-	O
induced	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
(	O
OIH	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
nociceptive	O
sensitization	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
cessation	O
of	O
chronic	O
opioid	O
use	O
.	O

OIH	B-Disease
can	O
limit	O
the	O
clinical	O
use	O
of	O
opioid	O
analgesics	O
and	O
complicate	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
opioid	B-Disease
addiction	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
Re	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
Rg1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
Rb1	I-Chemical
ginsenosides	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
bioactive	O
components	O
of	O
ginseng	O
,	O
on	O
OIH	B-Disease
.	O

OIH	B-Disease
was	O
achieved	O
in	O
mice	O
after	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
for	O
7	O
consecutive	O
days	O
three	O
times	O
per	O
day	O
.	O

During	O
withdrawal	O
(	O
days	O
8	O
and	O
9	O
)	O
,	O
these	O
mice	O
were	O
administered	O
Re	B-Chemical
,	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
Rb1	B-Chemical
intragastrically	O
two	O
times	O
per	O
day	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
test	O
day	O
(	O
day	O
10	O
)	O
,	O
mice	O
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
the	O
thermal	O
sensitivity	O
test	O
and	O
the	O
acetic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
writhing	O
test	O
.	O

Re	B-Chemical
(	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
inhibited	O
OIH	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
the	O
thermal	O
sensitivity	O
test	O
and	O
the	O
acetic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
writhing	O
test	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
Rb1	I-Chemical
ginsenosides	I-Chemical
failed	O
to	O
prevent	O
OIH	B-Disease
in	O
either	O
test	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
showed	O
a	O
tendency	O
to	O
aggravate	O
OIH	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
acetic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
writhing	O
test	O
.	O

Our	O
data	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
ginsenoside	B-Chemical
Re	I-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
or	O
Rb1	B-Chemical
,	O
may	O
contribute	O
toward	O
reversal	O
of	O
OIH	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
comparison	O
of	O
severe	O
hemodynamic	O
disturbances	O
between	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
and	O
propofol	B-Chemical
for	O
sedation	O
in	O
neurocritical	O
care	O
patients	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
and	O
propofol	B-Chemical
are	O
commonly	O
used	O
sedatives	O
in	O
neurocritical	O
care	O
as	O
they	O
allow	O
for	O
frequent	O
neurologic	O
examinations	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
both	O
agents	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
significant	O
hemodynamic	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
severe	O
hemodynamic	O
effects	O
in	O
neurocritical	O
care	O
patients	O
receiving	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
and	O
propofol	B-Chemical
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Multicenter	O
,	O
retrospective	O
,	O
propensity	O
-	O
matched	O
cohort	O
study	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Neurocritical	O
care	O
units	O
at	O
two	O
academic	O
medical	O
centers	O
with	O
dedicated	O
neurocritical	O
care	O
teams	O
and	O
board	O
-	O
certified	O
neurointensivists	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
Neurocritical	O
care	O
patients	O
admitted	O
between	O
July	O
2009	O
and	O
September	O
2012	O
were	O
evaluated	O
and	O
then	O
matched	O
1	O
:	O
1	O
based	O
on	O
propensity	O
scoring	O
of	O
baseline	O
characteristics	O
.	O

INTERVENTIONS	O
:	O
Continuous	O
sedation	O
with	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
or	O
propofol	B-Chemical
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
total	O
of	O
342	O
patients	O
(	O
105	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
and	O
237	O
propofol	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
analysis	O
,	O
with	O
190	O
matched	O
(	O
95	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
)	O
by	O
propensity	O
score	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
outcome	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
a	O
composite	O
of	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
(	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
<	O
60	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
(	O
heart	O
rate	O
<	O
50	O
beats	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
during	O
sedative	O
infusion	O
.	O

No	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
primary	O
composite	O
outcome	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
unmatched	O
(	O
30	O
%	O
vs	O
30	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
94	O
)	O
or	O
matched	O
cohorts	O
(	O
28	O
%	O
vs	O
34	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
35	O
)	O
could	O
be	O
found	O
.	O

When	O
analyzed	O
separately	O
,	O
no	O
differences	O
could	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
or	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
in	O
either	O
the	O
unmatched	O
or	O
matched	O
cohorts	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
occur	O
at	O
similar	O
prevalence	O
in	O
neurocritical	O
care	O
patients	O
who	O
receive	O
dexmedetomidine	B-Chemical
or	O
propofol	B-Chemical
.	O

Providers	O
should	O
similarly	O
consider	O
the	O
likelihood	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
or	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
before	O
starting	O
either	O
sedative	O
.	O

Hydroxytyrosol	B-Chemical
ameliorates	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
with	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Oxidative	O
stress	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
several	O
processes	O
including	O
cancer	B-Disease
,	O
aging	O
and	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
potentiate	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
effect	O
of	O
drugs	O
such	O
as	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
causes	O
significant	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
characterized	O
by	O
marked	O
increases	O
in	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Herein	O
,	O
we	O
investigate	O
whether	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
chronic	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
can	O
be	O
ameliorated	O
with	O
the	O
antioxidant	O
hydroxytyrosol	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
with	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
six	O
rats	O
bearing	O
breast	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
induced	O
chemically	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
4	O
groups	O
:	O
control	O
,	O
hydroxytyrosol	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
5days	O
/	O
week	O
)	O
,	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
1mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
week	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
plus	O
hydroxytyrosol	B-Chemical
.	O

Cardiac	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
at	O
the	O
cellular	O
and	O
mitochondrial	O
level	O
,	O
mitochondrial	O
electron	O
transport	O
chain	O
complexes	O
I	O
-	O
IV	O
and	O
apoptosis	O
-	O
inducing	O
factor	O
,	O
and	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
markers	O
have	O
been	O
analyzed	O
.	O

Hydroxytyrosol	B-Chemical
improved	O
the	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
enhanced	O
by	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
by	O
significantly	O
reducing	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
altered	O
mitochondria	O
and	O
oxidative	O
damage	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
hydroxytyrosol	B-Chemical
improve	O
the	O
mitochondrial	O
electron	O
transport	O
chain	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
hydroxytyrosol	B-Chemical
protect	O
rat	O
heart	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
provoked	O
by	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
decreasing	O
oxidative	O
damage	O
and	O
mitochondrial	O
alterations	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myxoedema	B-Disease
coma	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
62	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
and	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
3	O
weeks	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
.	O

Thyroid	O
-	O
stimulating	O
hormone	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
168	O
uIU	O
/	O
mL	O
(	O
nl	O
.	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
5	O
uIU	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
and	O
free	O
thyroxine	B-Chemical
(	O
FT4	O
)	O
was	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
ng	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
nl	O
.	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
ng	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
.	O

He	O
received	O
intravenous	O
fluids	O
,	O
vasopressor	O
therapy	O
and	O
stress	O
dose	O
steroids	B-Chemical
;	O
he	O
was	O
intubated	O
and	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
.	O

He	O
received	O
500	O
ug	O
of	O
intravenous	O
levothyroxine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
first	O
18	O
h	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
150	O
ug	O
intravenous	O
daily	O
thereafter	O
.	O

Haemodynamic	O
improvement	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
complete	O
recovery	O
of	O
mental	O
status	O
,	O
occurred	O
after	O
48	O
h	O
.	O

Twelve	O
hours	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
FT4	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
96	O
ng	O
/	O
dL	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
maintained	O
on	O
levothyroxine	B-Chemical
175	O
(	O
g	O
POorally	O
daily	O
.	O

A	O
thyroid	O
ultrasound	O
showed	O
diffuse	O
heterogeneity	O
.	O

The	O
24	O
hour	O
excretion	O
of	O
iodine	B-Chemical
was	O
3657	O
(	O
mcg	O
(	O
25	O
-	O
756	O
(	O
mcg	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myxoedema	B-Disease
coma	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
literature	O
report	O
patient	O
death	O
despite	O
supportive	O
therapy	O
and	O
thyroid	O
hormone	O
replacement	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
represents	O
the	O
most	O
thoroughly	O
investigated	O
case	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myxoedema	B-Disease
coma	I-Disease
with	O
a	O
history	O
significant	O
for	O
subclinical	O
thyroid	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Use	O
of	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
and	O
catheter	O
-	O
directed	O
thrombolysis	B-Disease
with	O
alteplase	O
in	O
an	O
oncology	O
patient	O
with	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
with	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
case	O
of	O
an	O
oncology	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
with	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
(	O
HITT	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
plus	O
catheter	O
-	O
directed	O
thrombolysis	B-Disease
(	O
CDT	O
)	O
with	O
alteplase	O
is	O
presented	O
.	O

SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
63	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Caucasian	O
man	O
with	O
renal	O
amyloidosis	B-Disease
undergoing	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
stem	O
cell	O
collection	O
for	O
an	O
autologous	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplant	O
developed	O
extensive	O
bilateral	O
upper	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
extremity	I-Disease
deep	I-Disease
venous	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
(	O
DVT	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
embolism	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
continuous	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusion	O
of	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
was	O
initiated	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
managed	O
on	O
the	O
general	O
medical	O
floor	O
.	O

After	O
one	O
week	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
transferred	O
to	O
the	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
with	O
cardiopulmonary	O
compromise	O
related	O
to	O
superior	B-Disease
vena	I-Disease
cava	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
SVC	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
percutaneous	O
mechanical	O
thrombectomy	O
and	O
CDT	O
with	O
alteplase	O
were	O
attempted	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
procedure	O
was	O
aborted	O
due	O
to	O
epistaxis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
epistaxis	B-Disease
resolved	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
restarted	O
on	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
second	O
percutaneous	O
mechanical	O
thrombectomy	O
was	O
performed	O
six	O
days	O
later	O
and	O
resulted	O
in	O
partial	O
revascularization	O
of	O
the	O
SVC	O
and	O
central	O
veins	O
.	O

Postthrombectomy	O
continuous	O
CDT	O
with	O
alteplase	O
was	O
commenced	O
while	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
was	O
withheld	O
,	O
and	O
complete	O
patency	O
of	O
the	O
SVC	O
and	O
central	O
veins	O
was	O
achieved	O
after	O
three	O
days	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Alteplase	O
was	O
discontinued	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
reinitiated	O
on	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
;	O
ultimately	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
transitioned	O
to	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
for	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
anticoagulation	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
patient	O
recovered	O
,	O
he	O
experienced	O
permanent	O
vision	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
A	O
63	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
renal	O
amyloidosis	B-Disease
and	O
SVC	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
HITT	B-Disease
was	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
and	O
CDT	O
with	O
alteplase	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
dehydroepiandrosterone	B-Chemical
in	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
models	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
examine	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
dehydroepiandrosterone	B-Chemical
(	O
DHEA	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Seventy	O
Swiss	O
albino	O
female	O
mice	O
(	O
25	O
-	O
35	O
g	O
)	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
4	O
groups	O
:	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
free	O
(	O
control	O
)	O
,	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
,	O
50	O
,	O
and	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
DHEA	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
DHEA	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
intraperitoneally	O
(	O
ip	O
)	O
for	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

Amphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
induced	O
hyper	B-Disease
locomotion	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
subcutaneously	O
[	O
sc	O
]	O
)	O
induced	O
climbing	O
,	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
tests	O
were	O
used	O
as	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
at	O
the	O
Animal	O
Experiment	O
Laboratories	O
,	O
Department	O
of	O
Pharmacology	O
,	O
Medical	O
School	O
,	O
Eskisehir	O
Osmangazi	O
University	O
,	O
Eskisehir	O
,	O
Turkey	O
between	O
March	O
and	O
May	O
2012	O
.	O

Statistical	O
analysis	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
using	O
Kruskal	O
-	O
Wallis	O
test	O
for	O
hyper	B-Disease
locomotion	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
-	O
way	O
ANOVA	O
for	O
climbing	O
and	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
tests	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
the	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotion	O
test	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
significant	O
increases	O
in	O
all	O
movements	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
free	O
group	O
.	O

Both	O
DHEA	B-Chemical
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
all	O
movements	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotion	O
group	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
difference	O
between	O
groups	O
in	O
the	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
test	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
between	O
groups	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
total	O
climbing	O
time	O
in	O
the	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
climbing	O
test	O
(	O
p	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
We	O
observed	O
that	O
DHEA	B-Chemical
reduced	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
and	O
increased	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
at	O
both	O
doses	O
,	O
while	O
it	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
climbing	O
behavior	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
DHEA	B-Chemical
displays	O
typical	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
like	O
effects	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

Availability	O
of	O
human	O
induced	O
pluripotent	O
stem	O
cell	O
-	O
derived	O
cardiomyocytes	O
in	O
assessment	O
of	O
drug	O
potential	O
for	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
.	O

Field	O
potential	O
duration	O
(	O
FPD	O
)	O
in	O
human	O
-	O
induced	O
pluripotent	O
stem	O
cell	O
-	O
derived	O
cardiomyocytes	O
(	O
hiPS	O
-	O
CMs	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
express	O
QT	O
interval	O
in	O
an	O
electrocardiogram	O
,	O
is	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
tool	O
to	O
predict	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
channel	O
and	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
channel	O
blocker	O
effects	O
on	O
QT	O
interval	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
report	O
showing	O
that	O
this	O
technique	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
predict	O
multichannel	O
blocker	O
potential	O
for	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
show	O
that	O
FPD	O
from	O
MEA	O
(	O
Multielectrode	O
array	O
)	O
of	O
hiPS	O
-	O
CMs	O
can	O
detect	O
QT	B-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
multichannel	O
blockers	O
.	O

hiPS	O
-	O
CMs	O
were	O
seeded	O
onto	O
MEA	O
and	O
FPD	O
was	O
measured	O
for	O
2min	O
every	O
10min	O
for	O
30min	O
after	O
drug	O
exposure	O
for	O
the	O
vehicle	O
and	O
each	O
drug	O
concentration	O
.	O

IKr	O
and	O
IKs	O
blockers	O
concentration	O
-	O
dependently	O
prolonged	O
corrected	O
FPD	O
(	O
FPDc	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
channel	O
blockers	O
concentration	O
-	O
dependently	O
shortened	O
FPDc	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
the	O
multichannel	O
blockers	O
Amiodarone	B-Chemical
,	O
Paroxetine	B-Chemical
,	O
Terfenadine	B-Chemical
and	O
Citalopram	B-Chemical
prolonged	O
FPDc	O
in	O
a	O
concentration	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
the	O
IKr	O
blockers	O
,	O
Terfenadine	B-Chemical
and	O
Citalopram	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
are	O
reported	O
to	O
cause	O
Torsade	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
Pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TdP	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
clinical	O
practice	O
,	O
produced	O
early	O
afterdepolarization	O
(	O
EAD	O
)	O
.	O

hiPS	O
-	O
CMs	O
using	O
MEA	O
system	O
and	O
FPDc	O
can	O
predict	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
drug	O
candidates	O
on	O
QT	O
interval	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
also	O
shows	O
that	O
this	O
assay	O
can	O
help	O
detect	O
EAD	O
for	O
drugs	O
with	O
TdP	B-Disease
potential	O
.	O

Dermal	O
developmental	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
N	O
-	O
phenylimide	O
herbicides	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
53482	I-Chemical
and	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
23121	I-Chemical
are	O
N	O
-	O
phenylimide	O
herbicides	O
and	O
produced	O
embryolethality	B-Disease
,	O
teratogenicity	B-Disease
(	O
mainly	O
ventricular	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
and	O
wavy	O
ribs	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
growth	B-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
in	O
conventional	O
oral	O
developmental	O
toxicity	B-Disease
studies	O
.	O

Our	O
objective	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
the	O
compounds	O
induce	O
developmental	O
toxicity	B-Disease
via	O
the	O
dermal	O
route	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
more	O
relevant	O
to	O
occupational	O
exposure	O
,	O
hence	O
better	O
addressing	O
human	O
health	O
risks	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
53482	I-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
dermally	O
to	O
rats	O
at	O
30	O
,	O
100	O
,	O
and	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
during	O
organogenesis	O
,	O
and	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
23121	I-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
at	O
200	O
,	O
400	O
,	O
and	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
the	O
maximum	O
applicable	O
dose	O
level	O
)	O
.	O

Fetuses	O
were	O
obtained	O
by	O
a	O
Cesarean	O
section	O
and	O
examined	O
for	O
external	O
,	O
visceral	O
,	O
and	O
skeletal	O
alterations	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Dermal	O
exposure	O
of	O
rats	O
to	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
53482	I-Chemical
at	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
produced	O
patterns	O
of	O
developmental	O
toxicity	B-Disease
similar	O
to	O
those	O
resulting	O
from	O
oral	O
exposure	O
.	O

Toxicity	B-Disease
included	O
embryolethality	B-Disease
,	O
teratogenicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
growth	B-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
.	O

Dermal	O
administration	O
of	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
23121	I-Chemical
at	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
embryonic	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
and	O
ventricular	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
defect	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
retarded	O
fetal	O
growth	O
was	O
not	O
observed	O
as	O
it	O
was	O
following	O
oral	O
exposure	O
to	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
23121	I-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Based	O
on	O
the	O
results	O
,	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
53482	I-Chemical
and	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
23121	I-Chemical
were	O
teratogenic	B-Disease
when	O
administered	O
dermally	O
to	O
pregnant	O
rats	O
as	O
were	O
the	O
compounds	O
administered	O
orally	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
investigation	O
of	O
the	O
mechanism	O
and	O
its	O
human	O
relevancy	O
become	O
more	O
important	O
.	O

Rates	O
of	O
Renal	B-Disease
Toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
Cancer	B-Disease
Patients	O
Receiving	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
With	O
and	O
Without	O
Mannitol	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
widely	O
used	O
antineoplastic	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
complications	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
use	O
is	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
are	O
many	O
strategies	O
to	O
prevent	O
this	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
including	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
nephroprotectant	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
hydration	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
aimed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
rates	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
receiving	O
single	O
-	O
agent	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
with	O
and	O
without	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
single	O
-	O
center	O
retrospective	O
analysis	O
was	O
a	O
quasi	O
experiment	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
national	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
shortage	O
.	O

Data	O
were	O
collected	O
on	O
adult	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
receiving	O
single	O
-	O
agent	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
outpatient	O
from	O
January	O
2011	O
to	O
September	O
2012	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
outcome	O
was	O
acute	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
(	O
AKI	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
evaluated	O
143	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
single	O
-	O
agent	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
;	O
97	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
had	O
head	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
as	O
their	O
primary	O
malignancy	B-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
receive	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
were	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
develop	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
:	O
odds	O
ratio	O
[	O
OR	O
]	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
646	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
008	O
,	O
6	O
.	O
944	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
048	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
received	O
the	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
dosing	O
and	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
also	O
had	O
a	O
higher	O
likelihood	O
of	O
developing	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
:	O
OR	O
=	O
11	O
.	O
494	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
4	O
.	O
149	O
,	O
32	O
.	O
258	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
and	O
OR	O
=	O
3	O
.	O
219	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
228	O
,	O
8	O
.	O
439	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
017	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
When	O
limited	O
quantities	O
of	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
are	O
available	O
,	O
it	O
should	O
preferentially	O
be	O
given	O
to	O
patients	O
at	O
particularly	O
high	O
risk	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Our	O
analysis	O
suggests	O
that	O
those	O
patients	O
receiving	O
the	O
dosing	O
schedule	O
of	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
and	O
those	O
with	O
hypertension	B-Disease
are	O
at	O
the	O
greatest	O
risk	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
would	O
benefit	O
from	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
.	O

Metformin	B-Chemical
protects	O
against	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
learning	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
and	O
oxidative	O
damage	O
induced	O
by	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
kindling	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
and	O
severe	O
comorbidity	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
,	O
greatly	O
diminishes	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
current	O
therapeutic	O
interventions	O
for	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
can	O
also	O
cause	O
untoward	O
cognitive	O
effects	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
urgent	O
need	O
for	O
new	O
kinds	O
of	O
agents	O
targeting	O
both	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
cognition	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
.	O

Oxidative	O
stress	O
is	O
considered	O
to	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
epileptogenesis	O
and	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
antioxidants	O
have	O
a	O
putative	O
antiepileptic	O
potential	O
.	O

Metformin	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
most	O
commonly	O
prescribed	O
antidiabetic	O
oral	O
drug	O
,	O
has	O
antioxidant	O
properties	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
ameliorative	O
effects	O
of	O
metformin	B-Chemical
on	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
and	O
brain	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
markers	O
observed	O
in	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
kindling	O
animals	O
.	O

Male	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
mice	O
were	O
administered	O
with	O
subconvulsive	O
dose	O
of	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
(	O
37	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
every	O
other	O
day	O
for	O
14	O
injections	O
.	O

Metformin	B-Chemical
was	O
injected	O
intraperitoneally	O
in	O
dose	O
of	O
200mg	O
/	O
kg	O
along	O
with	O
alternate	O
-	O
day	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
found	O
that	O
metformin	B-Chemical
suppressed	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
kindling	O
,	O
ameliorated	O
the	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
and	O
decreased	O
brain	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Thus	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
concluded	O
that	O
metformin	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
a	O
potential	O
agent	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
protective	O
medicine	O
against	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

P53	O
inhibition	O
exacerbates	O
late	O
-	O
stage	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

AIMS	O
:	O
Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
an	O
effective	O
anti	O
-	O
cancer	B-Disease
therapeutic	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
both	O
acute	O
and	O
late	O
-	O
stage	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Children	O
are	O
particularly	O
sensitive	O
to	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Here	O
,	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
p53	O
inhibition	O
on	O
acute	O
vs	O
.	O
late	O
-	O
stage	O
DOX	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
examined	O
in	O
a	O
juvenile	O
model	O
.	O

METHODS	O
AND	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
Two	O
-	O
week	O
-	O
old	O
MHC	O
-	O
CB7	O
mice	O
(	O
which	O
express	O
dominant	O
-	O
interfering	O
p53	O
in	O
cardiomyocytes	O
)	O
and	O
their	O
non	O
-	O
transgenic	O
(	O
NON	O
-	O
TXG	O
)	O
littermates	O
received	O
weekly	O
DOX	B-Chemical
injections	O
for	O
5	O
weeks	O
(	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
)	O
.	O

One	O
week	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
DOX	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
acute	O
stage	O
)	O
,	O
MHC	O
-	O
CB7	O
mice	O
exhibited	O
improved	O
cardiac	O
function	O
and	O
lower	O
levels	O
of	O
cardiomyocyte	O
apoptosis	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
NON	O
-	O
TXG	O
mice	O
.	O

Surprisingly	O
,	O
by	O
13	O
weeks	O
following	O
the	O
last	O
DOX	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
late	O
stage	O
)	O
,	O
MHC	O
-	O
CB7	O
exhibited	O
a	O
progressive	O
decrease	O
in	O
cardiac	O
function	O
and	O
higher	O
rates	O
of	O
cardiomyocyte	O
apoptosis	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
NON	O
-	O
TXG	O
mice	O
.	O

p53	O
inhibition	O
blocked	O
transient	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
STAT3	O
activation	O
in	O
MHC	O
-	O
CB7	O
mice	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
enhanced	O
induction	O
of	O
the	O
DNA	O
repair	O
proteins	O
Ku70	O
and	O
Ku80	O
.	O

Mice	O
with	O
cardiomyocyte	O
-	O
restricted	O
deletion	O
of	O
STAT3	O
exhibited	O
worse	O
cardiac	O
function	O
,	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
cardiomyocyte	O
apoptosis	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
greater	O
induction	O
of	O
Ku70	O
and	O
Ku80	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
DOX	B-Chemical
treatment	O
during	O
the	O
acute	O
stage	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
animals	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
These	O
data	O
support	O
a	O
model	O
wherein	O
a	O
p53	O
-	O
dependent	O
cardioprotective	O
pathway	O
,	O
mediated	O
via	O
STAT3	O
activation	O
,	O
mitigates	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	O
stress	O
during	O
drug	O
delivery	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
these	O
data	O
suggest	O
an	O
explanation	O
as	O
to	O
how	O
p53	O
inhibition	O
can	O
result	O
in	O
cardioprotection	O
during	O
drug	O
treatment	O
and	O
,	O
paradoxically	O
,	O
enhanced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
long	O
after	O
the	O
cessation	O
of	O
drug	O
treatment	O
.	O

Metronidazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
:	O
an	O
uncommon	O
scenario	O
.	O

Metronidazole	B-Chemical
can	O
produce	O
neurological	O
complications	O
although	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
common	O
scenario	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
where	O
a	O
patient	O
developed	O
features	O
of	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
following	O
prolonged	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
intake	O
.	O

Magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
MRI	O
)	O
brain	O
showed	O
abnormal	O
signal	O
intensity	O
involving	O
both	O
dentate	O
nuclei	O
of	O
cerebellum	O
and	O
splenium	O
of	O
corpus	O
callosum	O
.	O

The	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
was	O
made	O
by	O
the	O
MRI	O
findings	O
and	O
supported	O
clinically	O
.	O

Aconitine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
Ca2	B-Chemical
+	O
overload	O
causes	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
and	O
triggers	O
apoptosis	O
through	O
p38	O
MAPK	O
signaling	O
pathway	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Aconitine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
major	O
bioactive	O
diterpenoid	O
alkaloid	O
with	O
high	O
content	O
derived	O
from	O
herbal	O
aconitum	O
plants	O
.	O

Emerging	O
evidence	O
indicates	O
that	O
voltage	O
-	O
dependent	O
Na	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
channels	O
have	O
pivotal	O
roles	O
in	O
the	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
no	O
reports	O
are	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
in	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
poisoning	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
pathological	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
signaling	O
in	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
poisoning	B-Disease
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
that	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
overload	O
lead	O
to	O
accelerated	O
beating	O
rhythm	O
in	O
adult	O
rat	O
ventricular	O
myocytes	O
and	O
caused	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
freely	O
moving	O
rats	O
.	O

To	O
investigate	O
effects	O
of	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
on	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
performed	O
cytotoxicity	B-Disease
assay	O
in	O
neonatal	O
rat	O
ventricular	O
myocytes	O
(	O
NRVMs	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
measured	O
lactate	B-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
culture	O
medium	O
of	O
NRVMs	O
and	O
activities	O
of	O
serum	O
cardiac	O
enzymes	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
showed	O
that	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
and	O
reduced	O
NRVMs	O
viability	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
.	O

To	O
confirm	O
the	O
pro	O
-	O
apoptotic	O
effects	O
,	O
we	O
performed	O
flow	O
cytometric	O
detection	O
,	O
cardiac	O
histology	O
,	O
transmission	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
and	O
terminal	O
deoxynucleotidyl	O
transferase	O
-	O
mediated	O
dUTP	B-Chemical
-	O
biotin	B-Chemical
nick	O
end	O
labeling	O
assay	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
showed	O
that	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
stimulated	O
apoptosis	O
time	O
-	O
dependently	O
.	O

The	O
expression	O
analysis	O
of	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
handling	O
proteins	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
promoted	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
overload	O
through	O
the	O
expression	O
regulation	O
of	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
handling	O
proteins	O
.	O

The	O
expression	O
analysis	O
of	O
apoptosis	O
-	O
related	O
proteins	O
revealed	O
that	O
pro	O
-	O
apoptotic	O
protein	O
expression	O
was	O
upregulated	O
,	O
and	O
anti	O
-	O
apoptotic	O
protein	O
BCL	O
-	O
2	O
expression	O
was	O
downregulated	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
increased	O
phosphorylation	O
of	O
MAPK	O
family	O
members	O
,	O
especially	O
the	O
P	O
-	O
P38	O
/	O
P38	O
ratio	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
cardiac	O
tissues	O
.	O

Hence	O
,	O
our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
aggravates	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
overload	O
and	O
causes	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
and	O
finally	O
promotes	O
apoptotic	O
development	O
via	O
phosphorylation	O
of	O
P38	O
mitogen	O
-	O
activated	O
protein	O
kinase	O
.	O

Chronic	O
treatment	O
with	O
metformin	B-Chemical
suppresses	O
toll	O
-	O
like	O
receptor	O
4	O
signaling	O
and	O
attenuates	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
following	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Acute	O
treatment	O
with	O
metformin	B-Chemical
has	O
a	O
protective	O
effect	O
in	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
by	O
suppression	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
responses	O
due	O
to	O
activation	O
of	O
AMP	B-Chemical
-	O
activated	O
protein	O
kinase	O
(	O
AMPK	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
chronic	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
metformin	B-Chemical
on	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
toll	O
-	O
like	O
receptor	O
4	O
(	O
TLR4	O
)	O
activities	O
following	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
and	O
their	O
relation	O
with	O
AMPK	O
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
5	O
groups	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
:	O
normal	O
control	O
and	O
groups	O
were	O
injected	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
after	O
chronic	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
0	O
,	O
25	O
,	O
50	O
,	O
or	O
100mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
metformin	B-Chemical
twice	O
daily	O
for	O
14	O
days	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
100mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
subcutaneously	O
on	O
the	O
13th	O
and	O
14th	O
days	O
to	O
induce	O
acute	B-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
alone	O
decreased	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
and	O
myocardial	O
contractility	O
indexed	O
as	O
LVdp	O
/	O
dtmax	O
and	O
LVdp	O
/	O
dtmin	O
.	O

The	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
groups	O
treated	O
with	O
25	O
and	O
50mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
metformin	B-Chemical
.	O

Metfromin	O
markedly	O
lowered	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
elevation	O
in	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
TLR4	O
mRNA	O
,	O
myeloid	O
differentiation	O
protein	O
88	O
(	O
MyD88	O
)	O
,	O
tumor	B-Disease
necrosis	B-Disease
factor	O
-	O
alpha	O
(	O
TNF	O
-	O
a	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
interleukin	O
6	O
(	O
IL	O
-	O
6	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
tissues	O
.	O

Similar	O
changes	O
were	O
also	O
seen	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
levels	O
of	O
TNF	O
-	O
a	O
and	O
IL	O
-	O
6	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
lower	O
doses	O
of	O
25	O
and	O
50mg	O
/	O
kg	O
were	O
more	O
effective	O
than	O
100mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Phosphorylated	O
AMPKa	O
(	O
p	O
-	O
AMPK	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
myocardium	O
was	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
by	O
25mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
metformin	B-Chemical
,	O
slightly	O
by	O
50mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
by	O
100mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Chronic	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
metformin	B-Chemical
reduces	O
post	O
-	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
cardiac	O
dysfunction	O
and	O
suppresses	O
inflammatory	O
responses	O
,	O
possibly	O
through	O
inhibition	O
of	O
TLR4	O
activities	O
.	O

This	O
mechanism	O
can	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
a	O
target	O
to	O
protect	O
infarcted	O
myocardium	O
.	O

Unusual	O
complications	O
of	O
antithyroid	O
drug	O
therapy	O
:	O
four	O
case	O
reports	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
literature	O
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
,	O
one	O
case	O
of	O
fatal	O
methimazole	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
and	O
one	O
case	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
lupus	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
are	O
described	O
.	O

The	O
literature	O
related	O
to	O
antithyroid	O
drug	O
side	O
effects	O
and	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
for	O
their	O
occurrence	O
are	O
reviewed	O
and	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
complications	O
of	O
thyroidectomy	O
and	O
radioiodine	O
compared	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
antithyroid	O
drugs	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
in	O
most	O
circumstances	O
131I	O
is	O
the	O
therapy	O
of	O
choice	O
for	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

Neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	O
tetrabenazine	B-Chemical
and	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
Japanese	O
patient	O
with	O
Huntington	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
at	O
the	O
terminal	O
stage	O
of	O
recurrent	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
herein	O
describe	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
an	O
81	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Japanese	O
woman	O
with	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
that	O
occurred	O
36	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
(	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
and	O
tetrabenazine	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
for	O
Huntington	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
or	O
tetrabenazine	B-Chemical
alone	O
without	O
any	O
adverse	O
effects	O
before	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
therapy	O
.	O

She	O
also	O
had	O
advanced	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
when	O
the	O
combination	O
therapy	O
was	O
initiated	O
.	O

To	O
the	O
best	O
of	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	O
tetrabenazine	B-Chemical
and	O
tiapride	B-Chemical
has	O
not	O
been	O
previously	O
reported	O
.	O

Tetrabenazine	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
administered	O
very	O
carefully	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
neuroleptic	B-Chemical
drugs	I-Chemical
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
worsening	O
general	O
condition	O
.	O

A	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
-	O
terbinafine	B-Chemical
combination	O
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
report	O
a	O
sinus	B-Disease
bradycardia	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
and	O
terbinafine	B-Chemical
drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interaction	O
and	O
its	O
management	O
.	O

A	O
63	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Caucasian	O
man	O
on	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
stable	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
was	O
prescribed	O
a	O
90	O
-	O
day	O
course	O
of	O
oral	O
terbinafine	B-Chemical
250	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
onychomycosis	B-Disease
.	O

On	O
the	O
49th	O
day	O
of	O
terbinafine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
brought	O
to	O
the	O
emergency	O
room	O
for	O
a	O
decrease	O
of	O
his	O
global	O
health	O
status	O
,	O
confusion	B-Disease
and	O
falls	O
.	O

The	O
electrocardiogram	O
revealed	O
a	O
37	O
beats	O
/	O
min	O
sinus	B-Disease
bradycardia	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
score	O
of	O
7	O
on	O
the	O
Naranjo	O
adverse	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
probability	O
scale	O
indicates	O
a	O
probable	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
sinus	B-Disease
bradycardia	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
drug	O
interaction	O
between	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
and	O
terbinafine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
heart	O
rate	O
ameliorated	O
first	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
was	O
subsequently	O
changed	O
to	O
bisoprolol	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
heart	O
rate	O
remained	O
normal	O
.	O

By	O
inhibiting	O
the	O
cytochrome	O
P450	O
2D6	O
,	O
terbinafine	B-Chemical
had	O
decreased	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
clearance	O
,	O
leading	O
in	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
accumulation	O
which	O
has	O
resulted	O
in	O
clinically	O
significant	O
sinus	B-Disease
bradycardia	I-Disease
.	O

Optochiasmatic	O
and	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
overtreatment	O
.	O

Ethambutol	B-Chemical
is	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
optic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
and	O
,	O
more	O
rarely	O
,	O
axonal	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
characterize	O
the	O
clinical	O
,	O
neurophysiological	O
,	O
and	O
neuroimaging	O
findings	O
in	O
a	O
72	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
developed	O
visual	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
and	O
paresthesias	B-Disease
after	O
11	O
weeks	O
of	O
exposure	O
to	O
a	O
supratherapeutic	O
dose	O
of	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
case	O
demonstrates	O
the	O
selective	O
vulnerability	O
of	O
the	O
anterior	O
visual	O
pathways	O
and	O
peripheral	O
nerves	O
to	O
ethambutol	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Testosterone	B-Chemical
ameliorates	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
To	O
study	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
on	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
(	O
STZ	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Adult	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
intracerebroventricularly	O
(	O
icv	O
)	O
infused	O
with	O
STZ	B-Chemical
(	O
750	O
ug	O
)	O
on	O
d	O
1	O
and	O
d	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
was	O
assessed	O
2	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
first	O
injection	O
of	O
STZ	B-Chemical
.	O

Castration	O
surgery	O
was	O
performed	O
in	O
another	O
group	O
of	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
task	O
was	O
assessed	O
4	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
operation	O
.	O

Testosterone	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O
d	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
sc	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
androgen	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
flutamide	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O
d	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
ip	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O
d	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
ip	O
)	O
or	O
the	O
aromatase	O
inhibitor	O
letrozole	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O
d	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
ip	O
)	O
were	O
administered	O
for	O
6	O
d	O
after	O
the	O
first	O
injection	O
of	O
STZ	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
STZ	B-Chemical
administration	O
and	O
castration	O
markedly	O
decreased	O
both	O
STL1	O
(	O
the	O
short	O
memory	O
)	O
and	O
STL2	O
(	O
the	O
long	O
memory	O
)	O
in	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
tests	O
.	O

Testosterone	B-Chemical
replacement	O
almost	O
restored	O
the	O
STL1	O
and	O
STL2	O
in	O
castrated	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
prolonged	O
the	O
STL1	O
and	O
STL2	O
in	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
flutamide	B-Chemical
,	O
letrozole	B-Chemical
or	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
significantly	O
impaired	B-Disease
the	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
in	O
intact	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
the	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
replacement	O
in	O
improving	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
castration	O
-	O
induced	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Testosterone	B-Chemical
administration	O
ameliorates	O
STZ	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
castration	O
-	O
induced	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
in	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

Behavioral	O
and	O
neurochemical	O
studies	O
in	O
mice	O
pretreated	O
with	O
garcinielliptone	B-Chemical
FC	I-Chemical
in	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Garcinielliptone	B-Chemical
FC	I-Chemical
(	O
GFC	B-Chemical
)	O
isolated	O
from	O
hexanic	O
fraction	O
seed	O
extract	O
of	O
species	O
Platonia	O
insignis	O
Mart	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
folk	O
medicine	O
to	O
treat	O
skin	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
humans	O
and	O
animals	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
seed	O
decoction	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
diarrheas	B-Disease
and	O
inflammatory	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
research	O
on	O
GFC	B-Chemical
effects	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
of	O
rodents	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
aimed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
GFC	B-Chemical
effects	O
at	O
doses	O
of	O
25	O
,	O
50	O
or	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
on	O
seizure	B-Disease
parameters	O
to	O
determine	O
their	O
anticonvulsant	O
activity	O
and	O
its	O
effects	O
on	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
r	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
glutamine	B-Chemical
,	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
and	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
)	O
levels	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
on	O
acetylcholinesterase	O
(	O
AChE	O
)	O
activity	O
in	O
mice	O
hippocampus	O
after	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

GFC	B-Chemical
produced	O
an	O
increased	O
latency	O
to	O
first	O
seizure	B-Disease
,	O
at	O
doses	O
25mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
20	O
.	O
12	O
+	O
2	O
.	O
20	O
min	O
)	O
,	O
50mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
20	O
.	O
95	O
+	O
2	O
.	O
21	O
min	O
)	O
or	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
23	O
.	O
43	O
+	O
1	O
.	O
99	O
min	O
)	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
seized	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
GABA	B-Chemical
content	O
of	O
mice	O
hippocampus	O
treated	O
with	O
GFC75	O
plus	O
P400	O
showed	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
46	O
.	O
90	O
%	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
seized	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
,	O
glutamine	B-Chemical
and	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
levels	O
detected	O
a	O
decrease	O
of	O
5	O
.	O
21	O
%	O
,	O
13	O
.	O
55	O
%	O
and	O
21	O
.	O
80	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
in	O
mice	O
hippocampus	O
treated	O
with	O
GFC75	O
plus	O
P400	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
seized	O
mice	O
.	O

Hippocampus	O
mice	O
treated	O
with	O
GFC75	O
plus	O
P400	O
showed	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
AChE	O
activity	O
(	O
63	O
.	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
seized	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
GFC	B-Chemical
can	O
exert	O
anticonvulsant	O
activity	O
and	O
reduce	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
installation	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
,	O
as	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
increase	O
in	O
latency	O
to	O
first	O
seizure	B-Disease
and	O
decrease	O
in	O
mortality	O
rate	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
GFC	B-Chemical
may	O
influence	O
in	O
epileptogenesis	O
and	O
promote	O
anticonvulsant	O
actions	O
in	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
by	O
modulating	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
and	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
contents	O
and	O
of	O
AChE	O
activity	O
in	O
seized	O
mice	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

This	O
compound	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
to	O
produce	O
neuronal	O
protection	O
and	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
an	O
anticonvulsant	O
agent	O
.	O

Standard	O
operating	O
procedures	O
for	O
antibiotic	O
therapy	O
and	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
clinical	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
interventional	O
,	O
observational	O
study	O
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Acute	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
(	O
AKI	B-Disease
)	O
occurs	O
in	O
7	O
%	O
of	O
hospitalized	O
and	O
66	O
%	O
of	O
Intensive	O
Care	O
Unit	O
(	O
ICU	O
)	O
patients	O
.	O

It	O
increases	O
mortality	O
,	O
hospital	O
length	O
of	O
stay	O
,	O
and	O
costs	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
,	O
whether	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
association	O
between	O
adherence	O
to	O
guidelines	O
(	O
standard	O
operating	O
procedures	O
(	O
SOP	O
)	O
)	O
for	O
potentially	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
antibiotics	O
and	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
AKI	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
as	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
clinical	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
interventional	O
,	O
observational	O
study	O
.	O

Data	O
collection	O
was	O
performed	O
over	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
170	O
days	O
in	O
three	O
ICUs	O
at	O
Charite	O
-	O
Universitaetsmedizin	O
Berlin	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
675	O
patients	O
were	O
included	O
;	O
163	O
of	O
these	O
had	O
therapy	O
with	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
,	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
;	O
were	O
>	O
18	O
years	O
;	O
and	O
treated	O
in	O
the	O
ICU	O
for	O
>	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
an	O
adherence	O
to	O
SOP	O
>	O
70	O
%	O
were	O
classified	O
into	O
the	O
high	O
adherence	O
group	O
(	O
HAG	O
)	O
and	O
patients	O
with	O
an	O
adherence	O
of	O
<	O
70	O
%	O
into	O
the	O
low	O
adherence	O
group	O
(	O
LAG	O
)	O
.	O

AKI	B-Disease
was	O
defined	O
according	O
to	O
RIFLE	O
criteria	O
.	O

Adherence	O
to	O
SOPs	O
was	O
evaluated	O
by	O
retrospective	O
expert	O
audit	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
AKI	B-Disease
was	O
compared	O
between	O
groups	O
with	O
exact	O
Chi2	O
-	O
test	O
and	O
multivariate	O
logistic	O
regression	O
analysis	O
(	O
two	O
-	O
sided	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
LAG	O
consisted	O
of	O
75	O
patients	O
(	O
46	O
%	O
)	O
versus	O
88	O
HAG	O
patients	O
(	O
54	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

AKI	B-Disease
occurred	O
significantly	O
more	O
often	O
in	O
LAG	O
with	O
36	O
%	O
versus	O
21	O
%	O
in	O
HAG	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
035	O
)	O
.	O

Basic	O
characteristics	O
were	O
comparable	O
,	O
except	O
an	O
increased	O
rate	O
of	O
soft	O
tissue	O
infections	B-Disease
in	O
LAG	O
.	O

Multivariate	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
an	O
odds	O
ratio	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
fold	O
for	O
LAG	O
to	O
develop	O
AKI	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
HAG	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
1	O
.	O
195	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
124	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
039	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Low	O
adherence	O
to	O
SOPs	O
for	O
potentially	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
antibiotics	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
higher	O
occurrence	O
of	O
AKI	B-Disease
.	O

TRIAL	O
REGISTRATION	O
:	O
Current	O
Controlled	O
Trials	O
ISRCTN54598675	O
.	O

Registered	O
17	O
August	O
2007	O
.	O

Rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
C	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
telaprevir	B-Chemical
and	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
46	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
a	O
chronic	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
C	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
received	O
triple	O
therapy	O
with	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
,	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
interferon	I-Chemical
and	O
telaprevir	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
also	O
received	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
.	O

One	O
month	O
after	O
starting	O
the	O
antiviral	O
therapy	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
because	O
he	O
developed	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
.	O

At	O
admission	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
and	O
all	O
antiviral	O
drugs	O
were	O
discontinued	O
because	O
toxicity	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
a	O
drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interaction	O
was	O
suspected	O
.	O

The	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
peaked	O
at	O
62	O
,	O
246	O
IU	O
/	O
L	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
normal	O
saline	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
renal	O
function	O
remained	O
unaffected	O
.	O

Fourteen	O
days	O
after	O
hospitalization	O
,	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
level	O
had	O
returned	O
to	O
230	O
IU	O
/	O
L	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
discharged	O
.	O

Telaprevir	B-Chemical
was	O
considered	O
the	O
probable	O
causative	O
agent	O
of	O
an	O
interaction	O
with	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
according	O
to	O
the	O
Drug	O
Interaction	O
Probability	O
Scale	O
.	O

The	O
interaction	O
is	O
due	O
to	O
inhibition	O
of	O
CYP3A4	O
-	O
mediated	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
clearance	O
.	O

Simvastatin	B-Chemical
plasma	O
concentration	O
increased	O
30	O
times	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
and	O
statin	B-Chemical
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
is	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
concentration	O
of	O
the	O
statin	B-Chemical
in	O
blood	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
with	O
this	O
case	O
we	O
illustrate	O
that	O
telaprevir	B-Chemical
as	O
well	O
as	O
statins	B-Chemical
are	O
susceptible	O
to	O
clinical	O
relevant	O
drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interactions	O
.	O

Combination	O
of	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
,	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
VTD	O
)	O
as	O
a	O
consolidation	O
therapy	O
after	O
autologous	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplantation	O
for	O
symptomatic	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
in	O
Japanese	O
patients	O
.	O

Consolidation	O
therapy	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
(	O
MM	B-Disease
)	O
has	O
been	O
widely	O
adopted	O
to	O
improve	O
treatment	O
response	O
following	O
autologous	O
stem	O
cell	O
transplantation	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
retrospectively	O
analyzed	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
combination	O
regimen	O
of	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
,	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
VTD	O
)	O
as	O
consolidation	O
therapy	O
in	O
24	O
Japanese	O
patients	O
with	O
newly	O
diagnosed	O
MM	B-Disease
.	O

VTD	O
consisted	O
of	O
bortezomib	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
15	O
,	O
and	O
22	O
of	O
a	O
35	O
-	O
day	O
cycle	O
,	O
with	O
daily	O
oral	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
.	O

Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
were	O
documented	O
in	O
four	O
and	O
three	O
patients	O
(	O
17	O
and	O
13	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
but	O
drug	O
dose	O
reduction	O
due	O
to	O
cytopenia	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
required	O
in	O
any	O
case	O
.	O

Peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
common	O
(	O
63	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
severe	O
grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
not	O
observed	O
.	O

Very	O
good	O
partial	O
response	O
or	O
better	O
response	O
(	O
>	O
VGPR	O
)	O
rates	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
consolidation	O
therapy	O
were	O
54	O
and	O
79	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Patients	O
had	O
a	O
significant	O
probability	O
of	O
improving	O
from	O
<	O
VGPR	O
before	O
consolidation	O
therapy	O
to	O
>	O
VGPR	O
after	O
consolidation	O
therapy	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
041	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
VTD	O
regimen	O
may	O
be	O
safe	O
and	O
effective	O
as	O
a	O
consolidation	O
therapy	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
MM	O
in	O
Japanese	O
population	O
.	O

Conversion	O
to	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
ameliorates	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
:	O
focus	O
on	O
serum	O
,	O
urine	O
,	O
gene	O
,	O
and	O
protein	O
renal	O
expression	O
biomarkers	O
.	O

Protocols	O
of	O
conversion	O
from	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	O
CsA	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
SRL	B-Chemical
)	O
have	O
been	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
immunotherapy	O
after	O
transplantation	O
to	O
prevent	O
CsA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
the	O
molecular	O
mechanisms	O
underlying	O
these	O
protocols	O
remain	O
nuclear	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
aimed	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
molecular	O
pathways	O
and	O
putative	O
biomarkers	O
of	O
CsA	B-Chemical
-	O
to	O
-	O
SRL	B-Chemical
conversion	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
.	O

Four	O
animal	O
groups	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
were	O
tested	O
during	O
9	O
weeks	O
:	O
control	O
,	O
CsA	B-Chemical
,	O
SRL	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
conversion	O
(	O
CsA	B-Chemical
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
followed	O
by	O
SRL	B-Chemical
for	O
6	O
weeks	O
)	O
.	O

Classical	O
and	O
emergent	O
serum	O
,	O
urinary	O
,	O
and	O
kidney	O
tissue	O
(	O
gene	O
and	O
protein	O
expression	O
)	O
markers	O
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
were	O
analyzed	O
in	O
hematoxylin	B-Chemical
and	O
eosin	B-Chemical
,	O
periodic	O
acid	O
-	O
Schiff	O
,	O
and	O
Masson	O
'	O
s	O
trichrome	O
stains	O
.	O

SRL	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
presented	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
NGAL	O
(	O
serum	O
and	O
urinary	O
)	O
as	O
the	O
best	O
markers	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

Short	O
CsA	B-Chemical
treatment	O
presented	O
slight	O
or	O
even	O
absent	O
kidney	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
and	O
TGF	O
-	O
b	O
,	O
NF	O
-	O
kb	O
,	O
mTOR	O
,	O
PCNA	O
,	O
TP53	O
,	O
KIM	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
CTGF	O
as	O
relevant	O
gene	O
and	O
protein	O
changes	O
.	O

Prolonged	O
CsA	B-Chemical
exposure	O
aggravated	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
without	O
clear	O
changes	O
on	O
the	O
traditional	O
markers	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
changes	O
in	O
serums	O
TGF	O
-	O
b	O
and	O
IL	O
-	O
7	O
,	O
TBARs	O
clearance	O
,	O
and	O
kidney	O
TGF	O
-	O
b	O
and	O
mTOR	O
.	O

Conversion	O
to	O
SRL	B-Chemical
prevented	O
CsA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
evolution	O
(	O
absent	O
/	O
mild	O
grade	O
lesions	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
NGAL	O
(	O
serum	O
versus	O
urine	O
)	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
feasible	O
biomarker	O
of	O
CsA	B-Chemical
replacement	O
to	O
SRL	B-Chemical
.	O

Kinin	O
B2	O
receptor	O
deletion	O
and	O
blockage	O
ameliorates	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Cisplatin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
has	O
been	O
adopted	O
in	O
some	O
chemotherapies	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
this	O
drug	O
can	O
induce	O
acute	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
due	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
negatively	O
affect	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
augment	O
serum	O
levels	O
of	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
,	O
increase	O
the	O
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
score	O
and	O
up	O
-	O
regulate	O
cytokines	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
IL	O
-	O
1b	O
and	O
TNF	O
-	O
a	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
kinin	O
B2	O
receptor	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
inflammation	B-Disease
process	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
cytokine	O
expression	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
deletion	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
improvement	O
in	O
the	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
status	O
.	O

To	O
examine	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
kinin	O
B2	O
receptor	O
in	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
kinin	O
B2	O
receptor	O
knockout	O
mice	O
were	O
challenged	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
WT	O
mice	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
B2	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
after	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

B2	O
receptor	O
-	O
deficient	O
mice	O
were	O
less	O
sensitive	O
to	O
this	O
drug	O
than	O
the	O
WT	O
mice	O
,	O
as	O
shown	O
by	O
reduced	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
better	O
preservation	O
of	O
kidney	O
function	O
,	O
down	O
regulation	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
cytokines	O
and	O
less	O
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
treatment	O
with	O
the	O
kinin	O
B2	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
effectively	O
reduced	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
blood	O
urea	B-Chemical
after	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
kinin	O
B2	O
receptor	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
by	O
mediating	O
the	O
necrotic	B-Disease
process	O
and	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
cytokines	O
,	O
thus	O
resulting	O
in	O
declined	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
highlight	O
the	O
kinin	O
B2	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
treatment	O
in	O
amelioration	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
fluocinolone	B-Chemical
acetonide	I-Chemical
intravitreal	O
implant	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
59	O
mg	O
)	O
in	O
birdshot	B-Disease
retinochoroidopathy	I-Disease
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
the	O
treatment	O
outcomes	O
of	O
the	O
fluocinolone	B-Chemical
acetonide	I-Chemical
intravitreal	O
implant	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
59	O
mg	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
birdshot	B-Disease
retinochoroidopathy	I-Disease
whose	O
disease	O
is	O
refractory	O
or	O
intolerant	O
to	O
conventional	O
immunomodulatory	O
therapy	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
retrospective	O
case	O
series	O
involving	O
11	O
birdshot	B-Disease
retinochoroidopathy	I-Disease
patients	O
(	O
11	O
eyes	O
)	O
.	O

Eleven	O
patients	O
(	O
11	O
eyes	O
)	O
underwent	O
surgery	O
for	O
fluocinolone	B-Chemical
acetonide	I-Chemical
implant	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
59	O
mg	O
)	O
.	O

Treatment	O
outcomes	O
of	O
interest	O
were	O
noted	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
before	O
fluocinolone	B-Chemical
acetonide	I-Chemical
implant	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
at	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
2	O
years	O
,	O
3	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
beyond	O
3	O
years	O
.	O

Disease	O
activity	O
markers	O
,	O
including	O
signs	O
of	O
ocular	O
inflammation	B-Disease
,	O
evidence	O
of	O
retinal	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
,	O
Swedish	O
interactive	O
threshold	O
algorithm	O
-	O
short	O
wavelength	O
automated	O
perimetry	O
Humphrey	O
visual	O
field	O
analysis	O
,	O
electroretinographic	O
parameters	O
,	O
and	O
optical	O
coherence	O
tomography	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

Data	O
on	O
occurrence	O
of	O
cataract	B-Disease
and	O
raised	B-Disease
intraocular	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
were	O
collected	O
in	O
all	O
eyes	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Intraocular	O
inflammation	B-Disease
was	O
present	O
in	O
54	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
9	O
.	O
9	O
,	O
11	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
2	O
years	O
,	O
3	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
beyond	O
3	O
years	O
after	O
receiving	O
the	O
implant	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Active	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
was	O
noted	O
in	O
36	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
patients	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
0	O
%	O
at	O
3	O
years	O
of	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

More	O
than	O
20	O
%	O
(	O
47	O
.	O
61	O
-	O
67	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
reduction	O
in	O
central	O
retinal	O
thickness	O
was	O
noted	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
with	O
cystoid	B-Disease
macular	I-Disease
edema	I-Disease
at	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
2	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
years	O
postimplant	O
.	O

At	O
baseline	O
,	O
54	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
patients	O
were	O
on	O
immunomodulatory	O
agents	O
.	O

This	O
percentage	O
decreased	O
to	O
45	O
.	O
45	O
,	O
44	O
.	O
4	O
,	O
and	O
14	O
.	O
28	O
%	O
at	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
2	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
years	O
postimplant	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Adverse	O
events	O
included	O
increased	B-Disease
intraocular	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
(	O
54	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
cataract	B-Disease
formation	O
(	O
100	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
fluocinolone	B-Chemical
acetonide	I-Chemical
implant	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
59	O
mg	O
)	O
helps	O
to	O
control	O
inflammation	B-Disease
in	O
otherwise	O
treatment	O
-	O
refractory	O
cases	O
of	O
birdshot	B-Disease
retinochoroidopathy	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
significant	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
cataract	B-Disease
and	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
requiring	O
treatment	O
.	O

Optimal	O
precurarizing	O
dose	O
of	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
to	O
decrease	O
fasciculation	B-Disease
and	O
myalgia	B-Disease
following	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Succinylcholine	B-Chemical
commonly	O
produces	O
frequent	O
adverse	O
effects	O
,	O
including	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculation	I-Disease
and	O
myalgia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
current	O
study	O
identified	O
the	O
optimal	O
dose	O
of	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
to	O
prevent	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
fasciculation	B-Disease
and	O
myalgia	B-Disease
and	O
evaluated	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
speed	O
of	O
onset	O
produced	O
by	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blinded	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
100	O
patients	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
into	O
five	O
groups	O
of	O
20	O
patients	O
each	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
06	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
precurarizing	O
dose	O
.	O

Neuromuscular	O
monitoring	O
after	O
each	O
precurarizing	O
dose	O
was	O
recorded	O
from	O
the	O
adductor	O
pollicis	O
muscle	O
using	O
acceleromyography	O
with	O
train	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
four	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
ulnar	O
nerve	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
received	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
at	O
2	O
minutes	O
after	O
the	O
precurarization	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
assessed	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
fasciculations	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
myalgia	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
at	O
24	O
hours	O
after	O
surgery	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
visible	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculation	I-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
less	O
with	O
increasing	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
precurarizing	O
dose	O
of	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Those	O
of	O
myalgia	B-Disease
tend	O
to	O
decrease	O
according	O
to	O
increasing	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
precurarizing	O
dose	O
of	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
significance	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
072	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
onset	O
time	O
of	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
longer	O
with	O
increasing	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
precurarizing	O
dose	O
of	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Precurarization	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
rocuronium	B-Chemical
was	O
the	O
optimal	O
dose	O
considering	O
the	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
fasciculation	B-Disease
and	O
myalgia	B-Disease
with	O
acceptable	O
onset	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
safe	O
and	O
effective	O
precurarization	O
.	O

Absence	O
of	O
PKC	O
-	O
alpha	O
attenuates	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
effective	O
antipsychotic	O
,	O
induces	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
(	O
NDI	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
40	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
decreased	O
capacity	O
to	O
concentrate	O
urine	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
acutely	O
disrupting	O
the	O
cAMP	B-Chemical
pathway	O
and	O
chronically	O
reducing	O
urea	B-Chemical
transporter	O
(	O
UT	O
-	O
A1	O
)	O
and	O
water	O
channel	O
(	O
AQP2	O
)	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
inner	O
medulla	O
.	O

Targeting	O
an	O
alternative	O
signaling	O
pathway	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
PKC	O
-	O
mediated	O
signaling	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
method	O
of	O
treating	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polyuria	B-Disease
.	O

PKC	O
-	O
alpha	O
null	O
mice	O
(	O
PKCa	O
KO	O
)	O
and	O
strain	O
-	O
matched	O
wild	O
type	O
(	O
WT	O
)	O
controls	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
for	O
0	O
,	O
3	O
or	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

WT	O
mice	O
had	O
increased	O
urine	O
output	O
and	O
lowered	O
urine	O
osmolality	O
after	O
3	O
and	O
5	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
whereas	O
PKCa	O
KO	O
mice	O
had	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
urine	O
output	O
or	O
concentration	O
.	O

Western	O
blot	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
that	O
AQP2	O
expression	O
in	O
medullary	O
tissues	O
was	O
lowered	O
after	O
3	O
and	O
5	O
days	O
in	O
WT	O
mice	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
AQP2	O
was	O
unchanged	O
in	O
PKCa	O
KO	O
.	O

Similar	O
results	O
were	O
observed	O
with	O
UT	O
-	O
A1	O
expression	O
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
also	O
treated	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
for	O
6	O
weeks	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
WT	O
mice	O
had	O
19	O
-	O
fold	O
increased	O
urine	O
output	O
whereas	O
treated	O
PKCa	O
KO	O
animals	O
had	O
a	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
increase	O
in	O
output	O
.	O

AQP2	O
and	O
UT	O
-	O
A1	O
expression	O
was	O
lowered	O
in	O
6	O
week	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
WT	O
animals	O
whereas	O
in	O
treated	O
PKCa	O
KO	O
mice	O
,	O
AQP2	O
was	O
only	O
reduced	O
by	O
2	O
-	O
fold	O
and	O
UT	O
-	O
A1	O
expression	O
was	O
unaffected	O
.	O

Urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
,	O
potassium	B-Chemical
and	O
calcium	B-Chemical
were	O
elevated	O
in	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
fed	O
WT	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
fed	O
PKCa	O
KO	O
mice	O
.	O

Our	O
data	O
show	O
that	O
ablation	O
of	O
PKCa	O
preserves	O
AQP2	O
and	O
UT	O
-	O
A1	O
protein	O
expression	O
and	O
localization	O
in	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
NDI	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
prevents	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
severe	O
polyuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Is	O
Dysguesia	B-Disease
Going	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
Rare	O
or	O
a	O
Common	O
Side	O
-	O
effect	O
of	O
Amlodipine	B-Chemical
?	O

A	O
very	O
rare	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
of	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
is	O
dysguesia	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
produced	O
only	O
one	O
case	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
about	O
a	O
female	O
with	O
essential	O
hypertension	B-Disease
on	O
drug	O
treatment	O
with	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
developed	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
taste	I-Disease
sensation	I-Disease
.	O

Condition	O
moderately	O
improved	O
on	O
stoppage	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
for	O
25	O
days	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
can	O
cause	O
dysguesia	B-Disease
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
the	O
clinical	O
presentation	O
and	O
review	O
the	O
relevant	O
literature	O
on	O
amlodipine	B-Chemical
and	O
dysguesia	B-Disease
.	O

Rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
in	O
association	O
with	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
and	O
dosage	O
increment	O
in	O
clarithromycin	B-Chemical
.	O

Clarithromycin	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
most	O
documented	O
cytochrome	O
P450	O
3A4	O
(	O
CYP3A4	O
)	O
inhibitor	O
to	O
cause	O
an	O
adverse	O
interaction	O
with	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
particular	O
case	O
is	O
of	O
interest	O
as	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
only	O
occurred	O
after	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
clarithromycin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
developed	O
raised	O
cardiac	O
biomarkers	O
without	O
any	O
obvious	O
cardiac	O
issues	O
,	O
a	O
phenomenon	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
linked	O
to	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
previously	O
.	O

To	O
date	O
,	O
there	O
has	O
been	O
no	O
reported	O
effect	O
of	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
on	O
the	O
structure	O
and	O
function	O
of	O
cardiac	O
muscle	O
.	O

Clinicians	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
prescribing	O
concomitant	O
medications	O
that	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
myopathy	B-Disease
or	O
inhibit	O
the	O
CYP3A4	O
enzyme	O
.	O

Our	O
case	O
suggests	O
that	O
troponin	O
elevation	O
could	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
statin	B-Chemical
induced	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
may	O
warrant	O
further	O
studies	O
.	O

Characterization	O
of	O
a	O
novel	O
BCHE	O
"	O
silent	O
"	O
allele	O
:	O
point	O
mutation	O
(	O
p	O
.	O
Val204Asp	O
)	O
causes	O
loss	O
of	O
activity	O
and	O
prolonged	O
apnea	B-Disease
with	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
.	O

Butyrylcholinesterase	B-Disease
deficiency	I-Disease
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
prolonged	O
apnea	B-Disease
after	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
muscle	O
relaxants	O
(	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
or	O
mivacurium	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
mutations	O
in	O
the	O
BCHE	O
gene	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
prolonged	O
neuromuscular	O
block	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
leading	O
to	O
the	O
discovery	O
of	O
a	O
novel	O
BCHE	O
variant	O
(	O
c	O
.	O
695T	O
>	O
A	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
Val204Asp	O
)	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
studies	O
,	O
kinetic	O
analysis	O
and	O
molecular	O
dynamics	O
were	O
undertaken	O
to	O
understand	O
how	O
this	O
mutation	O
disrupts	O
the	O
catalytic	O
triad	O
and	O
determines	O
a	O
"	O
silent	O
"	O
phenotype	O
.	O

Low	O
activity	O
of	O
patient	O
plasma	O
butyrylcholinesterase	O
with	O
butyrylthiocholine	B-Chemical
(	O
BTC	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
benzoylcholine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
values	O
of	O
dibucaine	B-Chemical
and	O
fluoride	B-Chemical
numbers	O
fit	O
with	O
heterozygous	O
atypical	O
silent	O
genotype	O
.	O

Electrophoretic	O
analysis	O
of	O
plasma	O
BChE	O
of	O
the	O
proband	O
and	O
his	O
mother	O
showed	O
that	O
patient	O
has	O
a	O
reduced	O
amount	O
of	O
tetrameric	O
enzyme	O
in	O
plasma	O
and	O
that	O
minor	O
fast	O
-	O
moving	O
BChE	O
components	O
:	O
monomer	O
,	O
dimer	O
,	O
and	O
monomer	O
-	O
albumin	O
conjugate	O
are	O
missing	O
.	O

Kinetic	O
analysis	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
p	O
.	O
Val204Asp	O
/	O
p	O
.	O
Asp70Gly	O
-	O
p	O
.	O
Ala539Thr	O
BChE	O
displays	O
a	O
pure	O
Michaelian	O
behavior	O
with	O
BTC	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
substrate	O
.	O

Both	O
catalytic	O
parameters	O
Km	O
=	O
265	O
uM	O
for	O
BTC	B-Chemical
,	O
two	O
times	O
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
atypical	O
enzyme	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
low	O
Vmax	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
activity	O
against	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
.	O

Molecular	O
dynamic	O
(	O
MD	O
)	O
simulations	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
overall	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
mutation	O
p	O
.	O
Val204Asp	O
is	O
disruption	O
of	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
bonding	O
between	O
Gln223	O
and	O
Glu441	O
,	O
leading	O
Ser198	O
and	O
His438	O
to	O
move	O
away	O
from	O
each	O
other	O
with	O
subsequent	O
disruption	O
of	O
the	O
catalytic	O
triad	O
functionality	O
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
substrate	O
.	O

MD	O
also	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
enzyme	O
volume	O
is	O
increased	O
,	O
suggesting	O
a	O
pre	O
-	O
denaturation	O
state	O
.	O

This	O
fits	O
with	O
the	O
reduced	O
concentration	O
of	O
p	O
.	O
Ala204Asp	O
/	O
p	O
.	O
Asp70Gly	O
-	O
p	O
.	O
Ala539Thr	O
tetrameric	O
enzyme	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
detectable	O
fast	O
moving	O
-	O
bands	O
on	O
electrophoresis	O
gels	O
.	O

Delayed	O
anemia	B-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
injectable	O
artesunate	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
Democratic	O
Republic	O
of	O
the	O
Congo	O
:	O
a	O
manageable	O
issue	O
.	O

Cases	O
of	O
delayed	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
described	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
injectable	O
artesunate	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
current	O
World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
(	O
WHO	O
)	O
-	O
recommended	O
first	O
-	O
line	O
drug	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
severe	O
malaria	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
350	O
patients	O
(	O
215	O
[	O
61	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
]	O
<	O
5	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
and	O
135	O
[	O
38	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
]	O
>	O
5	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
)	O
were	O
followed	O
-	O
up	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
injectable	O
artesunate	B-Chemical
for	O
severe	O
malaria	B-Disease
in	O
hospitals	O
and	O
health	O
centers	O
of	O
the	O
Democratic	O
Republic	O
of	O
the	O
Congo	O
.	O

Complete	O
series	O
of	O
hemoglobin	O
(	O
Hb	O
)	O
measurements	O
were	O
available	O
for	O
201	O
patients	O
.	O

A	O
decrease	O
in	O
Hb	O
levels	O
between	O
2	O
and	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
23	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
during	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
.	O

For	O
five	O
patients	O
,	O
Hb	O
levels	O
decreased	O
below	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
during	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
visit	O
.	O

All	O
cases	O
of	O
delayed	O
anemia	B-Disease
were	O
clinically	O
manageable	O
and	O
resolved	O
within	O
one	O
month	O
.	O

Regulation	O
of	O
signal	O
transducer	O
and	O
activator	O
of	O
transcription	O
3	O
and	O
apoptotic	O
pathways	O
by	O
betaine	B-Chemical
attenuates	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
cardioprotective	O
effects	O
of	O
betaine	B-Chemical
on	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
induced	O
experimentally	O
in	O
rats	O
focusing	O
on	O
regulation	O
of	O
signal	O
transducer	O
and	O
activator	O
of	O
transcription	O
3	O
(	O
STAT3	O
)	O
and	O
apoptotic	O
pathways	O
as	O
the	O
potential	O
mechanism	O
underlying	O
the	O
drug	O
effect	O
.	O

Male	O
Sprague	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
betaine	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
,	O
200	O
,	O
and	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
orally	O
for	O
40	O
days	O
.	O

Acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemic	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
was	O
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
subcutaneous	O
injection	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
85	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
for	O
two	O
consecutive	O
days	O
.	O

Serum	O
cardiac	O
marker	O
enzyme	O
,	O
histopathological	O
variables	O
and	O
expression	O
of	O
protein	O
levels	O
were	O
analyzed	O
.	O

Oral	O
administration	O
of	O
betaine	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
and	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
cardiac	O
marker	O
enzyme	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
and	O
prevented	O
left	O
ventricular	B-Disease
remodeling	I-Disease
.	O

Western	O
blot	O
analysis	O
showed	O
that	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
phosphorylation	O
of	O
STAT3	O
was	O
maintained	O
or	O
further	O
enhanced	O
by	O
betaine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
myocardium	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
betaine	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
and	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
treatment	O
increased	O
the	O
ventricular	O
expression	O
of	O
Bcl	O
-	O
2	O
and	O
reduced	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
Bax	O
,	O
therefore	O
causing	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
ratio	O
of	O
Bcl	O
-	O
2	O
/	O
Bax	O
.	O

The	O
protective	O
role	O
of	O
betaine	B-Chemical
on	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
was	O
further	O
confirmed	O
by	O
histopathological	O
examination	O
.	O

In	O
summary	O
,	O
our	O
results	O
showed	O
that	O
betaine	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
attenuated	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
via	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
STAT3	O
and	O
apoptotic	O
pathways	O
.	O

Quetiapine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patient	O
with	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Quetiapine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
dibenzothiazepine	O
derivative	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
has	O
the	O
highest	O
risk	O
of	O
causing	O
blood	B-Disease
dyscrasias	I-Disease
,	O
especially	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
are	O
some	O
case	O
reports	O
about	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
possible	O
risk	O
factors	O
are	O
seldom	O
discussed	O
and	O
identified	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
that	O
developed	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
is	O
described	O
here	O
.	O

CASE	O
REPORT	O
:	O
A	O
62	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Taiwanese	O
widow	O
with	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
at	O
age	O
60	O
.	O

She	O
developed	O
leucopenia	B-Disease
after	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
,	O
her	O
white	O
blood	O
cell	O
count	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Although	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
a	O
common	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
,	O
physicians	O
should	O
be	O
cautious	O
about	O
its	O
presentation	O
and	O
associated	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Hepatic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
possible	O
risk	O
factors	O
,	O
and	O
concomitant	O
fever	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
a	O
diagnostic	O
marker	O
for	O
adverse	O
reaction	O
to	O
quetiapine	B-Chemical
.	O

Lateral	O
antebrachial	O
cutaneous	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
after	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injection	O
at	O
lateral	O
epicondyle	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
This	O
report	O
aimed	O
to	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
lateral	O
antebrachial	O
cutaneous	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
(	O
LACNP	O
)	O
that	O
occurred	O
after	O
a	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injection	O
in	O
the	O
lateral	O
epicondyle	O
to	O
treat	O
lateral	B-Disease
epicondylitis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
40	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
.	O

MATERIAL	O
AND	O
METHOD	O
:	O
A	O
40	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
presented	O
with	O
decreased	O
sensation	O
and	O
paresthesia	B-Disease
over	O
her	O
right	O
lateral	O
forearm	O
;	O
the	O
paresthesia	B-Disease
had	O
occurred	O
after	O
a	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injection	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
lateral	O
epicondyle	O
3	O
months	O
before	O
.	O

Her	O
sensation	O
of	O
light	O
touch	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
was	O
diminished	O
over	O
the	O
lateral	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
forearm	O
and	O
wrist	O
area	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
sensory	O
action	O
potential	O
amplitude	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
lateral	O
antebrachial	O
cutaneous	O
nerve	O
(	O
LACN	O
)	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
2	O
uV	O
)	O
was	O
lower	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
left	O
(	O
13	O
.	O
1	O
uV	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
of	O
amplitude	O
between	O
both	O
sides	O
was	O
significant	O
because	O
there	O
was	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
right	O
LACNP	O
(	O
mainly	O
axonal	O
involvement	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
the	O
clinical	O
manifestation	O
and	O
the	O
electrodiagnostic	O
findings	O
.	O

Her	O
symptoms	O
improved	O
through	O
physical	O
therapy	O
but	O
persisted	O
to	O
some	O
degree	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
report	O
describes	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
LACNP	O
that	O
developed	O
after	O
a	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injection	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
lateral	B-Disease
epicondylitis	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
electrodiagnostic	O
study	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
nerve	O
conduction	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
LACN	O
,	O
was	O
helpful	O
to	O
diagnose	O
right	O
LACNP	O
and	O
to	O
find	O
the	O
passage	O
of	O
the	O
LACN	O
on	O
the	O
lateral	O
epicondyle	O
.	O

Curcumin	B-Chemical
prevents	O
maleate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
:	O
relation	O
to	O
hemodynamic	O
alterations	O
,	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
,	O
mitochondrial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
and	O
activity	O
of	O
respiratory	O
complex	O
I	O
.	O

The	O
potential	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
dietary	O
antioxidant	O
curcumin	B-Chemical
(	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
6	O
days	O
)	O
against	O
the	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
maleate	B-Chemical
was	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Tubular	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
were	O
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
maleate	B-Chemical
(	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Maleate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
included	O
increase	O
in	O
renal	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
urinary	O
excretion	O
of	O
total	O
protein	O
,	O
glucose	B-Chemical
,	O
sodium	B-Chemical
,	O
neutrophil	O
gelatinase	O
-	O
associated	O
lipocalin	O
(	O
NGAL	O
)	O
and	O
N	O
-	O
acetyl	O
b	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
glucosaminidase	O
(	O
NAG	O
)	O
,	O
upregulation	O
of	O
kidney	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
molecule	O
(	O
KIM	O
)	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
decrease	O
in	O
renal	O
blood	O
flow	O
and	O
claudin	O
-	O
2	O
expression	O
besides	O
of	O
necrosis	B-Disease
and	O
apoptosis	O
of	O
tubular	O
cells	O
on	O
24	O
h	O
.	O

Oxidative	O
stress	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
oxidation	O
of	O
lipids	O
and	O
proteins	O
and	O
diminution	O
in	O
renal	O
Nrf2	O
levels	O
.	O

Studies	O
were	O
also	O
conducted	O
in	O
renal	O
epithelial	O
LLC	O
-	O
PK1	O
cells	O
and	O
in	O
mitochondria	O
isolated	O
from	O
kidneys	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
experimental	O
groups	O
.	O

Maleate	B-Chemical
induced	O
cell	O
damage	O
and	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
(	O
ROS	O
)	O
production	O
in	O
LLC	O
-	O
PK1	O
cells	O
in	O
culture	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
maleate	B-Chemical
treatment	O
reduced	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
in	O
ADP	B-Chemical
-	O
stimulated	O
mitochondria	O
and	O
diminished	O
respiratory	O
control	O
index	O
when	O
using	O
malate	B-Chemical
/	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
as	O
substrate	O
.	O

The	O
activities	O
of	O
both	O
complex	O
I	O
and	O
aconitase	O
were	O
also	O
diminished	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
described	O
alterations	O
were	O
prevented	O
by	O
curcumin	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
curcumin	B-Chemical
is	O
able	O
to	O
attenuate	O
in	O
vivo	O
maleate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
and	O
in	O
vitro	O
cell	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
in	O
vivo	O
protection	O
was	O
associated	O
to	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
preservation	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
and	O
activity	O
of	O
respiratory	O
complex	O
I	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
in	O
vitro	O
protection	O
was	O
associated	O
to	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
ROS	O
production	O
.	O

Anticonvulsant	O
actions	O
of	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
on	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
of	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
noncompetitive	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
was	O
tested	O
for	O
anticonvulsant	O
effects	O
in	O
rats	O
using	O
two	O
seizure	B-Disease
models	O
,	O
coadministration	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
and	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
and	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
high	O
dose	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

Three	O
major	O
results	O
are	O
reported	O
.	O

First	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
produced	O
an	O
effective	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
anticonvulsant	O
action	O
with	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
different	O
biochemical	O
mechanisms	O
control	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
these	O
two	O
models	O
.	O

Second	O
,	O
the	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
of	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
only	O
occurred	O
after	O
initial	O
periods	O
of	O
seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
is	O
suggested	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
in	O
vivo	O
demonstration	O
of	O
the	O
conclusion	O
derived	O
from	O
in	O
vitro	O
experiments	O
that	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
binding	O
requires	O
agonist	O
-	O
induced	O
opening	O
of	O
the	O
channel	O
sites	O
of	O
the	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
.	O

Third	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
is	O
relatively	O
easy	O
to	O
block	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
lithium	B-Chemical
and	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
by	O
administration	O
of	O
anticonvulsants	O
prior	O
to	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
it	O
is	O
more	O
difficult	O
to	O
terminate	O
ongoing	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
and	O
block	O
the	O
lethality	O
of	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
30	O
or	O
60	O
min	O
after	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
during	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
,	O
gradually	O
reduced	O
electrical	O
and	O
behavioral	O
seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
and	O
greatly	O
enhanced	O
the	O
survival	O
rate	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
activation	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
plays	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
and	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
further	O
supported	O
by	O
results	O
showing	O
that	O
nonconvulsive	O
doses	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
and	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
were	O
synergistic	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
and	O
subsequent	O
mortality	O
.	O

Continuous	O
infusion	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
carbenicillin	B-Chemical
for	O
infections	B-Disease
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
cure	O
rate	O
of	O
infections	B-Disease
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
is	O
adversely	O
affected	O
by	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
(	O
less	O
than	O
1	O
,	O
000	O
/	O
mm3	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
(	O
less	O
than	O
100	O
/	O
mm3	O
)	O
have	O
shown	O
a	O
poor	O
response	O
to	O
antibiotics	O
.	O

To	O
overcome	O
the	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
,	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
by	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
and	O
combined	O
with	O
intermittent	O
carbenicillin	B-Chemical
.	O

Tobramycin	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
to	O
a	O
total	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
and	O
carbenicillin	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
5	O
gm	O
every	O
four	O
hours	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
125	O
infectious	O
episodes	O
in	O
116	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
receiving	O
myelosuppressive	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
cure	O
rate	O
was	O
70	O
%	O
.	O

Pneumonia	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
infection	B-Disease
and	O
61	O
%	O
of	O
59	O
episodes	O
were	O
cured	O
.	O

Gram	O
-	O
negative	O
bacilli	O
were	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
causative	O
organisms	O
and	O
69	O
%	O
of	O
these	O
infections	B-Disease
were	O
cured	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
pathogen	O
was	O
Klebsiella	O
pneumoniae	B-Disease
and	O
this	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
Escherichia	O
coli	O
and	O
Pseudomonas	O
aeruginosa	O
,	O
accounted	O
for	O
74	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
gram	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
negative	I-Disease
bacillary	I-Disease
infections	I-Disease
.	O

Response	O
was	O
not	O
influenced	O
by	O
the	O
initial	O
neutrophil	O
count	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
62	O
%	O
cure	O
rate	O
for	O
39	O
episodes	O
associated	O
with	O
severe	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
failure	O
of	O
the	O
neutrophil	O
count	O
to	O
increase	O
during	O
therapy	O
adversely	O
affected	O
response	O
.	O

Azotemia	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
major	O
side	O
effect	O
recognized	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
occurred	O
in	O
11	O
%	O
of	O
episodes	O
.	O

Major	O
azotemia	B-Disease
(	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
greater	O
than	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
or	O
BUN	O
greater	O
than	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
)	O
occurred	O
in	O
only	O
2	O
%	O
.	O

Azotemia	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
duration	O
of	O
therapy	O
or	O
serum	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
concentration	O
.	O

This	O
antibiotic	O
regimen	O
showed	O
both	O
therapeutic	O
efficacy	O
and	O
acceptable	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
for	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

Incidence	O
of	O
solid	O
tumours	B-Disease
among	O
pesticide	O
applicators	O
exposed	O
to	O
the	O
organophosphate	B-Chemical
insecticide	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
Agricultural	O
Health	O
Study	O
:	O
an	O
updated	O
analysis	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Diazinon	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
common	O
organophosphate	B-Chemical
insecticide	O
with	O
genotoxic	O
properties	O
,	O
was	O
previously	O
associated	O
with	O
lung	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
Agricultural	O
Health	O
Study	O
(	O
AHS	O
)	O
cohort	O
,	O
but	O
few	O
other	O
epidemiological	O
studies	O
have	O
examined	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
cancer	B-Disease
risk	O
.	O

We	O
used	O
updated	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
exposure	O
and	O
cancer	B-Disease
incidence	O
information	O
to	O
evaluate	O
solid	O
tumour	B-Disease
risk	O
in	O
the	O
AHS	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Male	O
pesticide	O
applicators	O
in	O
Iowa	O
and	O
North	O
Carolina	O
reported	O
lifetime	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
use	O
at	O
enrolment	O
(	O
1993	O
-	O
1997	O
)	O
and	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
(	O
1998	O
-	O
2005	O
)	O
;	O
cancer	B-Disease
incidence	O
was	O
assessed	O
through	O
2010	O
(	O
North	O
Carolina	O
)	O
/	O
2011	O
(	O
Iowa	O
)	O
.	O

Among	O
applicators	O
with	O
usage	O
information	O
sufficient	O
to	O
evaluate	O
exposure	O
-	O
response	O
patterns	O
,	O
we	O
used	O
Poisson	O
regression	O
to	O
estimate	O
adjusted	O
rate	O
ratios	O
(	O
RRs	O
)	O
and	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
for	O
cancer	B-Disease
sites	O
with	O
>	O
10	O
exposed	O
cases	O
for	O
both	O
lifetime	O
(	O
LT	O
)	O
exposure	O
days	O
and	O
intensity	O
-	O
weighted	O
(	O
IW	O
)	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
days	O
(	O
accounting	O
for	O
factors	O
impacting	O
exposure	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
observed	O
elevated	O
lung	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
risks	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
283	O
)	O
among	O
applicators	O
with	O
the	O
greatest	O
number	O
of	O
LT	O
(	O
RR	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
60	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
11	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
31	O
;	O
Ptrend	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
and	O
IW	O
days	O
of	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
use	O
(	O
RR	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
41	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
98	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
04	O
;	O
Ptrend	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
08	O
)	O
.	O

Kidney	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
N	O
=	O
94	O
)	O
risks	O
were	O
non	O
-	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
RRLT	O
days	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
77	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
90	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
51	O
;	O
Ptrend	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
09	O
;	O
RRIW	O
days	O
1	O
.	O
37	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
64	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
92	O
;	O
Ptrend	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
were	O
risks	O
for	O
aggressive	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
N	O
=	O
656	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Our	O
updated	O
evaluation	O
of	O
diazinon	B-Chemical
provides	O
additional	O
evidence	O
of	O
an	O
association	O
with	O
lung	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
risk	O
.	O

Newly	O
identified	O
links	O
to	O
kidney	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
associations	O
with	O
aggressive	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
require	O
further	O
evaluation	O
.	O

Associations	O
of	O
Ozone	B-Chemical
and	O
PM2	O
.	O
5	O
Concentrations	O
With	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Among	O
Participants	O
in	O
the	O
Agricultural	O
Health	O
Study	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
describes	O
associations	O
of	O
ozone	B-Chemical
and	O
fine	O
particulate	B-Chemical
matter	I-Chemical
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
observed	O
among	O
farmers	O
in	O
North	O
Carolina	O
and	O
Iowa	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
used	O
logistic	O
regression	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
associations	O
of	O
these	O
pollutants	O
with	O
self	O
-	O
reported	O
,	O
doctor	O
-	O
diagnosed	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Daily	O
predicted	O
pollutant	O
concentrations	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
derive	O
surrogates	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
exposure	O
and	O
link	O
them	O
to	O
study	O
participants	O
'	O
geocoded	O
addresses	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
observed	O
positive	O
associations	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
with	O
ozone	B-Chemical
(	O
odds	O
ratio	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
39	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
98	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
98	O
)	O
and	O
fine	O
particulate	B-Chemical
matter	I-Chemical
(	O
odds	O
ratio	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
34	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
93	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
93	O
)	O
in	O
North	O
Carolina	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
Iowa	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
plausibility	O
of	O
an	O
effect	O
of	O
ambient	O
concentrations	O
of	O
these	O
pollutants	O
on	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
risk	O
is	O
supported	O
by	O
experimental	O
data	O
demonstrating	O
damage	O
to	O
dopaminergic	O
neurons	O
at	O
relevant	O
concentrations	O
.	O

Additional	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
address	O
uncertainties	O
related	O
to	O
confounding	O
and	O
to	O
examine	O
temporal	O
aspects	O
of	O
the	O
associations	O
we	O
observed	O
.	O

Low	O
functional	O
programming	O
of	O
renal	O
AT2R	O
mediates	O
the	O
developmental	O
origin	O
of	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
in	O
adult	O
offspring	O
induced	O
by	O
prenatal	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

UNASSIGNED	O
:	O
Our	O
previous	O
study	O
has	O
indicated	O
that	O
prenatal	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
(	O
PCE	O
)	O
could	O
induce	O
intrauterine	B-Disease
growth	I-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
(	O
IUGR	B-Disease
)	O
of	O
offspring	O
.	O

Recent	O
research	O
suggested	O
that	O
IUGR	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
whether	O
PCE	O
could	O
induce	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
and	O
its	O
underlying	O
mechanisms	O
remain	O
unknown	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
aimed	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
induction	O
to	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
in	O
adult	O
offspring	O
by	O
PCE	O
and	O
its	O
intrauterine	O
programming	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

A	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
IUGR	B-Disease
was	O
established	O
by	O
PCE	O
,	O
male	O
fetuses	O
and	O
adult	O
offspring	O
at	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
postnatal	O
week	O
24	O
were	O
euthanized	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
adult	O
offspring	O
kidneys	O
in	O
the	O
PCE	O
group	O
exhibited	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
interstitial	B-Disease
fibrosis	I-Disease
,	O
accompanied	O
by	O
elevated	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
urine	O
protein	O
.	O

Renal	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
type	O
2	O
(	O
AT2R	O
)	O
gene	O
expression	O
in	O
adult	O
offspring	O
was	O
reduced	O
by	O
PCE	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
renal	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
type	O
1a	O
(	O
AT1aR	O
)	O
/	O
AT2R	O
expression	O
ratio	O
was	O
increased	O
.	O

The	O
fetal	O
kidneys	O
in	O
the	O
PCE	O
group	O
displayed	O
an	O
enlarged	O
Bowman	O
'	O
s	O
space	O
and	O
a	O
shrunken	O
glomerular	O
tuft	O
,	O
accompanied	O
by	O
a	O
reduced	O
cortex	O
width	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
nephrogenic	O
zone	O
/	O
cortical	O
zone	O
ratio	O
.	O

Observation	O
by	O
electronic	O
microscope	O
revealed	O
structural	O
damage	O
of	O
podocytes	O
;	O
the	O
reduced	O
expression	O
level	O
of	O
podocyte	O
marker	O
genes	O
,	O
nephrin	O
and	O
podocin	O
,	O
was	O
also	O
detected	O
by	O
q	O
-	O
PCR	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
AT2R	O
gene	O
and	O
protein	O
expressions	O
in	O
fetal	O
kidneys	O
were	O
inhibited	O
by	O
PCE	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
repression	O
of	O
the	O
gene	O
expression	O
of	O
glial	O
-	O
cell	O
-	O
line	O
-	O
derived	O
neurotrophic	O
factor	O
(	O
GDNF	O
)	O
/	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
receptor	O
(	O
c	O
-	O
Ret	O
)	O
signaling	O
pathway	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
PCE	O
could	O
induce	O
dysplasia	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
fetal	I-Disease
kidneys	I-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
of	O
adult	O
offspring	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
low	O
functional	O
programming	O
of	O
renal	O
AT2R	O
might	O
mediate	O
the	O
developmental	O
origin	O
of	O
adult	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
.	O

1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Butadiene	I-Chemical
,	O
CML	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
t	O
(	O
9	O
:	O
22	O
)	O
translocation	O
:	O
A	O
reality	O
check	O
.	O

UNASSIGNED	O
:	O
Epidemiological	O
studies	O
of	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
butadiene	I-Chemical
have	O
suggest	O
that	O
exposures	O
to	O
humans	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
myeloid	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
(	O
CML	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

CML	B-Disease
has	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
documented	O
association	O
with	O
ionizing	O
radiation	O
,	O
but	O
reports	O
of	O
associations	O
with	O
chemical	O
exposures	O
have	O
been	O
questioned	O
.	O

Ionizing	O
radiation	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
inducing	O
the	O
requisite	O
CML	B-Disease
-	O
associated	O
t	O
(	O
9	O
:	O
22	O
)	O
translocation	O
(	O
Philadelphia	B-Disease
chromosome	I-Disease
)	O
in	O
appropriate	O
cells	O
in	O
vitro	O
but	O
,	O
thus	O
far	O
,	O
chemicals	O
have	O
not	O
shown	O
this	O
capacity	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
proposed	O
that	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
butadiene	I-Chemical
metabolites	O
be	O
so	O
tested	O
as	O
a	O
reality	O
check	O
on	O
the	O
epidemiological	O
reports	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
conduct	O
reliable	O
testing	O
in	O
this	O
regard	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
essential	O
that	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
for	O
induction	O
be	O
available	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
used	O
ionizing	O
radiation	O
to	O
develop	O
such	O
a	O
control	O
.	O

Results	O
described	O
here	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
this	O
agent	O
does	O
in	O
fact	O
induce	O
pathogenic	O
t	O
(	O
9	O
:	O
22	O
)	O
translocations	O
in	O
a	O
human	O
myeloid	O
cell	O
line	O
in	O
vitro	O
,	O
but	O
does	O
so	O
at	O
low	O
frequencies	O
.	O

Conditions	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
required	O
for	O
studies	O
of	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
butadiene	I-Chemical
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Cancer	B-Disease
incidence	O
and	O
metolachlor	B-Chemical
use	O
in	O
the	O
Agricultural	O
Health	O
Study	O
:	O
An	O
update	O
.	O

UNASSIGNED	O
:	O
Metolachlor	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
widely	O
used	O
herbicide	O
,	O
is	O
classified	O
as	O
a	O
Group	O
C	O
carcinogen	O
by	O
the	O
U	O
.	O
S	O
.	O

Environmental	O
Protection	O
Agency	O
based	O
on	O
increased	O
liver	B-Disease
neoplasms	I-Disease
in	O
female	O
rats	O
.	O

Epidemiologic	O
studies	O
of	O
the	O
health	O
effects	O
of	O
metolachlor	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
limited	O
.	O

The	O
Agricultural	O
Health	O
Study	O
(	O
AHS	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
prospective	O
cohort	O
study	O
including	O
licensed	O
private	O
and	O
commercial	O
pesticide	O
applicators	O
in	O
Iowa	O
and	O
North	O
Carolina	O
enrolled	O
1993	O
-	O
1997	O
.	O

We	O
evaluated	O
cancer	B-Disease
incidence	O
through	O
2010	O
/	O
2011	O
(	O
NC	O
/	O
IA	O
)	O
for	O
49	O
,	O
616	O
applicators	O
,	O
53	O
%	O
of	O
whom	O
reported	O
ever	O
using	O
metolachlor	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
used	O
Poisson	O
regression	O
to	O
evaluate	O
relations	O
between	O
two	O
metrics	O
of	O
metolachlor	B-Chemical
use	O
(	O
lifetime	O
days	O
,	O
intensity	O
-	O
weighted	O
lifetime	O
days	O
)	O
and	O
cancer	B-Disease
incidence	O
.	O

We	O
saw	O
no	O
association	O
between	O
metolachlor	B-Chemical
use	O
and	O
incidence	O
of	O
all	O
cancers	B-Disease
combined	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
5	O
,	O
701	O
with	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
lag	O
)	O
or	O
most	O
site	O
-	O
specific	O
cancers	B-Disease
.	O

For	O
liver	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
in	O
analyses	O
restricted	O
to	O
exposed	O
workers	O
,	O
elevations	O
observed	O
at	O
higher	O
categories	O
of	O
use	O
were	O
not	O
statistically	O
significant	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
trends	O
for	O
both	O
lifetime	O
and	O
intensity	O
-	O
weighted	O
lifetime	O
days	O
of	O
metolachor	B-Chemical
use	O
were	O
positive	O
and	O
statistically	O
significant	O
with	O
an	O
unexposed	O
reference	O
group	O
.	O

A	O
similar	O
pattern	O
was	O
observed	O
for	O
follicular	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
no	O
other	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
subtypes	O
.	O

An	O
earlier	O
suggestion	O
of	O
increased	O
lung	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
risk	O
at	O
high	O
levels	O
of	O
metolachlor	B-Chemical
use	O
in	O
this	O
cohort	O
was	O
not	O
confirmed	O
in	O
this	O
update	O
.	O

This	O
suggestion	O
of	O
an	O
association	O
between	O
metolachlor	B-Chemical
and	O
liver	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
among	O
pesticide	O
applicators	O
is	O
a	O
novel	O
finding	O
and	O
echoes	O
observation	O
of	O
increased	O
liver	B-Disease
neoplasms	I-Disease
in	O
some	O
animal	O
studies	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
our	O
findings	O
for	O
both	O
liver	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
follicular	O
cell	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
warrant	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
to	O
better	O
differentiate	O
effects	O
of	O
metolachlor	B-Chemical
use	O
from	O
other	O
factors	O
.	O

Mechanisms	O
Underlying	O
Latent	O
Disease	O
Risk	O
Associated	O
with	O
Early	O
-	O
Life	O
Arsenic	B-Chemical
Exposure	O
:	O
Current	O
Research	O
Trends	O
and	O
Scientific	O
Gaps	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Millions	O
of	O
individuals	O
worldwide	O
,	O
particularly	O
those	O
living	O
in	O
rural	O
and	O
developing	O
areas	O
,	O
are	O
exposed	O
to	O
harmful	O
levels	O
of	O
inorganic	B-Chemical
arsenic	I-Chemical
(	O
iAs	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
their	O
drinking	O
water	O
.	O

Inorganic	B-Chemical
As	I-Chemical
exposure	O
during	O
key	O
developmental	O
periods	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
adverse	O
health	O
effects	O
including	O
those	O
that	O
are	O
evident	O
in	O
adulthood	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
considerable	O
interest	O
in	O
identifying	O
the	O
molecular	O
mechanisms	O
that	O
relate	O
early	O
-	O
life	O
iAs	B-Chemical
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
these	O
latent	O
diseases	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
relationship	O
to	O
cancer	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
This	O
work	O
summarizes	O
research	O
on	O
the	O
molecular	O
mechanisms	O
that	O
underlie	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
cancer	B-Disease
development	O
in	O
adulthood	O
that	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
early	O
-	O
life	O
iAs	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Epigenetic	O
reprogramming	O
that	O
imparts	O
functional	O
changes	O
in	O
gene	O
expression	O
,	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cancer	B-Disease
stem	O
cells	O
,	O
and	O
immunomodulation	O
are	O
plausible	O
underlying	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
early	O
-	O
life	O
iAs	B-Chemical
exposure	O
elicits	O
latent	O
carcinogenic	O
effects	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Evidence	O
is	O
mounting	O
that	O
relates	O
early	O
-	O
life	O
iAs	B-Chemical
exposure	O
and	O
cancer	B-Disease
development	O
later	O
in	O
life	O
.	O

Future	O
research	O
should	O
include	O
animal	O
studies	O
that	O
address	O
mechanistic	O
hypotheses	O
and	O
studies	O
of	O
human	O
populations	O
that	O
integrate	O
early	O
-	O
life	O
exposure	O
,	O
molecular	O
alterations	O
,	O
and	O
latent	O
disease	O
outcomes	O
.	O

Nifedipine	B-Chemical
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
autonomic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
80	O
year	O
old	O
diabetic	B-Disease
male	O
with	O
evidence	O
of	O
peripheral	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
autonomic	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
admitted	O
with	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

He	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
atrial	B-Disease
flutter	I-Disease
at	O
a	O
ventricular	O
rate	O
of	O
70	O
/	O
min	O
which	O
slowed	O
down	O
to	O
30	O
-	O
40	O
/	O
min	O
when	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
(	O
60	O
mg	O
)	O
in	O
3	O
divided	O
doses	O
,	O
during	O
which	O
he	O
was	O
paced	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
70	O
/	O
min	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
inconsistent	O
with	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
established	O
finding	O
that	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
induces	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
normally	O
innervated	O
hearts	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
hearts	O
deprived	O
of	O
compensatory	O
sympathetic	O
drive	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
in	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
.	O

The	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
in	O
preventing	O
the	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
was	O
studied	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
model	O
,	O
toxic	O
effects	O
were	O
induced	O
by	O
intraperitoneal	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
injection	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
100	O
%	O
death	O
rate	O
)	O
or	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
70	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
82	O
%	O
death	O
rate	O
)	O
.	O

Haloperidol	B-Chemical
failed	O
to	O
prevent	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
did	O
lower	O
the	O
mortality	O
rate	O
at	O
most	O
doses	O
tested	O
.	O

Haloperidol	B-Chemical
decreased	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
at	O
the	O
two	O
highest	O
doses	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
lowering	O
of	O
the	O
mortality	O
rate	O
did	O
not	O
reach	O
statistical	O
significance	O
at	O
any	O
dose	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
a	O
protective	O
role	O
for	O
the	O
central	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
blocker	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
against	O
death	O
from	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
without	O
reducing	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
demonstrated	O
an	O
ability	O
to	O
reduce	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
without	O
significantly	O
reducing	O
mortality	O
.	O

Autoradiographic	O
evidence	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
binding	O
sites	O
in	O
nuclei	O
of	O
diethylstilbesterol	B-Chemical
induced	O
hamster	O
renal	B-Disease
carcinomas	I-Disease
.	O

Estrogen	B-Chemical
binding	O
sites	O
were	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
autoradiography	O
in	O
one	O
transplantable	O
and	O
five	O
primary	O
diethylstilbesterol	B-Chemical
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
carcinomas	I-Disease
in	O
three	O
hamsters	O
.	O

Radiolabelling	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
injection	O
of	O
3H	O
-	O
17	O
beta	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
increased	O
only	O
over	O
the	O
nuclei	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
cells	O
;	O
stereologic	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
a	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
to	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
times	O
higher	O
concentration	O
of	O
reduced	O
silver	B-Chemical
grains	O
over	O
nuclei	O
than	O
cytoplasm	O
of	O
these	O
cells	O
.	O

Despite	O
rapid	O
tubular	O
excretion	O
of	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
which	O
peaked	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
1	O
h	O
,	O
the	O
normal	O
cells	O
did	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
bind	O
the	O
ligand	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
published	O
report	O
documenting	O
the	O
preferential	O
in	O
vivo	O
binding	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
to	O
nuclei	O
of	O
cells	O
in	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
induced	O
hamster	O
renal	B-Disease
carcinomas	I-Disease
.	O

Bradycardia	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
biperiden	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
a	O
38	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
patient	O
suffering	O
from	O
a	O
severe	O
postzosteric	B-Disease
trigeminal	B-Disease
neuralgia	I-Disease
,	O
intravenous	O
application	O
of	O
10	O
mg	O
biperiden	B-Chemical
lactate	I-Chemical
led	O
to	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
paradoxical	O
reaction	O
characterized	O
by	O
considerable	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
dysarthria	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
dysphagia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
heart	O
rate	O
was	O
back	O
to	O
normal	O
within	O
12	O
hours	O
upon	O
administration	O
of	O
orciprenaline	B-Chemical
under	O
cardiac	O
monitoring	O
in	O
an	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
.	O

Bradycardia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
biperiden	B-Chemical
is	O
attributed	O
to	O
the	O
speed	O
of	O
injection	O
and	O
to	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
dual	O
effect	O
of	O
atropine	B-Chemical
-	O
like	O
drugs	O
on	O
muscarine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
.	O

Deliberate	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
with	O
halothane	B-Chemical
,	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
or	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
for	O
middle	O
-	O
ear	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
feasibility	O
of	O
using	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
and	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
blocking	O
agent	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
agent	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
inhalation	O
anaesthetics	O
(	O
halothane	B-Chemical
,	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
or	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
23	O
adult	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
middle	O
-	O
ear	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
was	O
decreased	O
from	O
86	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
(	O
s	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
mean	O
)	O
mmHg	O
to	O
52	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
mmHg	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
6	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
kPa	O
)	O
for	O
98	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
min	O
in	O
the	O
halothane	B-Chemical
(	O
H	B-Chemical
)	O
group	O
,	O
from	O
79	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
to	O
53	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
mmHg	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
kPa	O
)	O
for	O
129	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
min	O
in	O
the	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
(	O
E	B-Chemical
)	O
group	O
,	O
and	O
from	O
80	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
to	O
49	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
mmHg	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
kPa	O
)	O
for	O
135	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
15	O
min	O
in	O
the	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
(	O
I	B-Chemical
)	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
H	B-Chemical
concentration	O
during	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
inspiratory	O
gas	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
vol	O
%	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
E	B-Chemical
concentration	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
vol	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mean	O
I	B-Chemical
concentration	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
vol	O
%	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
patients	O
received	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
and	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tubocurarine	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
initial	O
dose	O
of	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
for	O
lowering	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
similar	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
52	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
59	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
groups	O
.	O

During	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
heart	O
rate	O
was	O
stable	O
without	O
tachy	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
bradycardia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
operating	O
conditions	O
regarding	O
bleeding	B-Disease
were	O
estimated	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
manner	O
,	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
between	O
the	O
groups	O
.	O

During	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
rose	O
significantly	O
in	O
all	O
groups	O
from	O
the	O
values	O
before	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
returned	O
postoperatively	O
to	O
the	O
initial	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
groups	O
,	O
except	O
the	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

After	O
hypotension	B-Disease
there	O
was	O
no	O
rebound	O
phenomenon	O
in	O
either	O
blood	O
pressure	O
or	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
induces	O
easily	O
adjustable	O
hypotension	B-Disease
without	O
compensatory	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
and	O
rebound	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Convulsion	B-Disease
following	O
intravenous	O
fluorescein	B-Chemical
angiography	O
.	O

Tonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
followed	O
intravenous	O
fluorescein	B-Chemical
injection	O
for	O
fundus	O
angiography	O
in	O
a	O
47	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
.	O

Despite	O
precautions	O
this	O
adverse	O
reaction	O
recurred	O
on	O
re	O
-	O
exposure	O
to	O
intravenous	O
fluorescein	B-Chemical
.	O

Pharmacology	O
of	O
ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
(	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
prodrug	O
)	O
.	O

ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
disodium	B-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
of	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxymethyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diphenylhydantoin	I-Chemical
,	O
is	O
a	O
prodrug	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
with	O
advantageous	O
physicochemical	O
properties	O
.	O

ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
is	O
rapidly	O
converted	O
enzymatically	O
to	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
and	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
have	O
equivalent	O
anticonvulsant	O
activity	O
against	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
maximal	O
electroshock	O
(	O
MES	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
following	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
oral	O
,	O
or	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
administration	O
.	O

The	O
ED50	O
doses	O
were	O
16	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
and	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
.	O

ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
and	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
have	O
similar	O
antiarrhythmic	O
activity	O
against	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
in	O
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
total	O
doses	O
of	O
ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
or	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
necessary	O
to	O
convert	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
to	O
a	O
normal	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
were	O
24	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
and	O
14	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Only	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
displayed	O
in	O
vitro	O
antiarrhythmic	O
activity	O
against	O
strophanthidin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
in	O
guinea	O
pig	O
right	O
atria	O
.	O

In	O
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
,	O
a	O
high	O
dose	O
of	O
ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
(	O
31	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
infused	O
over	O
15	O
,	O
20	O
,	O
and	O
30	O
min	O
and	O
the	O
responses	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
an	O
equimolar	O
dose	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
(	O
21	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
and	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
treatments	O
produced	O
similar	O
marked	O
reductions	O
in	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
contractile	O
force	O
(	O
LVdP	O
/	O
dt	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
maximum	O
effects	O
of	O
each	O
treatment	O
occurred	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
maximum	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

Acute	O
toxicity	B-Disease
studies	O
of	O
ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
and	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
were	O
carried	O
out	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
rats	O
,	O
rabbits	O
,	O
and	O
dogs	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
,	O
and	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
routes	O
of	O
administration	O
.	O

The	O
systemic	O
toxic	O
signs	O
of	O
both	O
agents	O
were	O
similar	O
and	O
occurred	O
at	O
approximately	O
equivalent	O
doses	O
.	O

Importantly	O
,	O
the	O
local	O
irritation	O
of	O
ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9653	I-Chemical
was	O
markedly	O
less	O
than	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
following	O
i	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
administration	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Tachyphylaxis	O
to	O
systemic	O
but	O
not	O
to	O
airway	O
responses	O
during	O
prolonged	O
therapy	O
with	O
high	O
dose	O
inhaled	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
in	O
asthmatics	B-Disease
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
inhaled	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
produce	O
substantial	O
improvements	O
in	O
airway	O
response	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
asthma	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
systemic	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
responses	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
tachyphylaxis	O
occurs	O
during	O
prolonged	O
treatment	O
with	O
high	O
dose	O
inhaled	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
.	O

Twelve	O
asthmatic	B-Disease
patients	O
(	O
FEV1	O
,	O
81	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
predicted	O
)	O
,	O
requiring	O
only	O
occasional	O
inhaled	O
beta	O
-	O
agonists	O
as	O
their	O
sole	O
therapy	O
,	O
were	O
given	O
a	O
14	O
-	O
day	O
treatment	O
with	O
high	O
dose	O
inhaled	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
(	O
HDS	O
)	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
000	O
micrograms	O
daily	O
,	O
low	O
dose	O
inhaled	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
(	O
LDS	O
)	O
,	O
800	O
micrograms	O
daily	O
,	O
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
PI	O
)	O
by	O
metered	O
-	O
dose	O
inhaler	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
randomized	O
crossover	O
design	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
14	O
-	O
day	O
run	O
-	O
in	O
and	O
during	O
washout	O
periods	O
,	O
inhaled	O
beta	O
-	O
agonists	O
were	O
withheld	O
and	O
ipratropium	B-Chemical
bromide	I-Chemical
was	O
substituted	O
for	O
rescue	O
purposes	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
each	O
14	O
-	O
day	O
treatment	O
,	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
curve	O
(	O
DRC	O
)	O
was	O
performed	O
,	O
and	O
airway	O
(	O
FEV1	O
,	O
FEF25	O
-	O
75	O
)	O
chronotropic	O
(	O
HR	O
)	O
,	O
tremor	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
metabolic	O
(	O
K	B-Chemical
,	O
Glu	B-Chemical
)	O
responses	O
were	O
measured	O
at	O
each	O
step	O
(	O
from	O
100	O
to	O
4	O
,	O
000	O
micrograms	O
)	O
.	O

Treatment	O
had	O
no	O
significant	O
effect	O
on	O
baseline	O
values	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
increases	O
in	O
FEV1	O
and	O
FEF25	O
-	O
75	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
HDS	O
did	O
not	O
displace	O
the	O
DRC	O
to	O
the	O
right	O
.	O

DRC	O
for	O
HR	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Glu	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
were	O
attenuated	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
HDS	O
compared	O
with	O
PI	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
also	O
differences	O
between	O
HDS	O
and	O
LDS	O
for	O
HR	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
Glu	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
responses	O
.	O

Frequency	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
subjective	O
adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
also	O
reduced	O
after	O
HDS	O
:	O
tremor	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
palpitations	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Phenytoin	B-Chemical
induced	O
fatal	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
61	O
year	O
old	O
female	O
developed	O
fatal	O
hepatic	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

A	O
typical	O
multisystem	O
clinical	O
pattern	O
precedes	O
the	O
manifestations	O
of	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
hematologic	O
,	O
biochemical	O
and	O
pathologic	O
features	O
indicate	O
a	O
mixed	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
drug	B-Disease
hypersensitivity	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
patient	O
receiving	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
who	O
presents	O
a	O
viral	O
-	O
like	O
illness	O
,	O
early	O
recognition	O
and	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
are	O
mandatory	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
lethal	O
pertussis	B-Chemical
vaccine	I-Chemical
reaction	O
with	O
histamine	B-Chemical
H1	O
antagonists	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
mortality	O
after	O
pertussis	B-Disease
immunization	O
in	O
the	O
mouse	O
.	O

Without	O
treatment	O
,	O
73	O
of	O
92	O
animals	O
(	O
80	O
%	O
)	O
died	O
after	O
injection	O
of	O
bovine	O
serum	O
albumin	O
(	O
BSA	O
)	O
on	O
day	O
+	O
7	O
of	O
pertussis	B-Disease
immunization	O
.	O

After	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
3	O
mg	O
of	O
cyproheptadine	B-Chemical
,	O
2	O
mg	O
mianserin	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
chlorpheniramine	B-Chemical
,	O
only	O
5	O
of	O
105	O
animals	O
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
died	O
after	O
receiving	O
BSA	O
on	O
day	O
+	O
7	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Blockade	O
of	O
histamine	B-Chemical
H1	O
receptors	O
may	O
reduce	O
mortality	O
in	O
pertussis	B-Disease
immunization	O
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Support	O
for	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
hypertension	B-Disease
hypothesis	O
:	O
18	O
hour	O
pressor	O
effect	O
after	O
6	O
hours	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
double	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
study	O
6	O
h	O
infusions	O
of	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
ng	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
;	O
1	O
ng	O
=	O
5	O
.	O
458	O
pmol	O
)	O
,	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
ng	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
;	O
1	O
ng	O
=	O
5	O
.	O
911	O
pmol	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
5	O
%	O
dextrose	B-Chemical
solution	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
ml	O
/	O
h	O
)	O
,	O
were	O
given	O
to	O
ten	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
in	O
random	O
order	O
2	O
weeks	O
apart	O
.	O

By	O
means	O
of	O
intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
ambulatory	O
monitoring	O
the	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	O
were	O
followed	O
for	O
18	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
infusions	O
were	O
stopped	O
.	O

Adrenaline	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
,	O
caused	O
a	O
delayed	O
and	O
protracted	O
pressor	O
effect	O
.	O

Over	O
the	O
total	O
postinfusion	O
period	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
6	O
(	O
SEM	O
2	O
)	O
%	O
and	O
7	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
higher	O
than	O
after	O
dextrose	B-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
ANOVA	O
,	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
"	O
stress	O
"	O
levels	O
of	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
230	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
for	O
6	O
h	O
cause	O
a	O
delayed	O
and	O
protracted	O
pressor	O
effect	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
are	O
strong	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
hypertension	B-Disease
hypothesis	O
in	O
man	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
alkylxanthines	B-Chemical
on	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Adenosine	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
have	O
been	O
previously	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
of	O
benefit	O
in	O
some	O
ischaemic	B-Disease
and	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
models	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
ARF	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
three	O
alkylxanthines	B-Chemical
with	O
different	O
potencies	O
as	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
8	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenyltheophylline	I-Chemical
,	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
and	O
enprofylline	B-Chemical
,	O
were	O
examined	O
in	O
rats	O
developing	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
4	O
daily	O
injections	O
of	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

Renal	O
function	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
biochemical	O
(	O
plasma	O
urea	B-Chemical
and	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
functional	O
(	O
urine	O
analysis	O
and	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
inulin	O
and	O
[	O
14C	O
]	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminohippuric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
clearances	O
)	O
and	O
morphological	O
(	O
degree	O
of	O
necrosis	B-Disease
)	O
indices	O
.	O

The	O
various	O
drug	O
treatments	O
produced	O
improvements	O
in	O
some	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
all	O
,	O
measurements	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
any	O
improvement	O
produced	O
by	O
drug	O
treatment	O
was	O
largely	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
a	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
exerted	O
by	O
its	O
vehicle	O
(	O
polyethylene	B-Chemical
glycol	I-Chemical
and	O
NaOH	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

The	O
lack	O
of	O
any	O
consistent	O
protective	O
effect	O
noted	O
with	O
the	O
alkylxanthines	B-Chemical
tested	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
indicates	O
that	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
plays	O
little	O
,	O
if	O
any	O
,	O
pathophysiological	O
role	O
in	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ARF	B-Disease
.	O

Adverse	O
ocular	O
reactions	O
possibly	O
associated	O
with	O
isotretinoin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
261	O
adverse	O
ocular	O
reactions	O
occurred	O
in	O
237	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
isotretinoin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
commonly	O
used	O
drug	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
severe	O
cystic	O
acne	B-Disease
.	O

Blepharoconjunctivitis	B-Disease
,	O
subjective	O
complaints	O
of	O
dry	B-Disease
eyes	I-Disease
,	O
blurred	B-Disease
vision	I-Disease
,	O
contact	O
lens	O
intolerance	O
,	O
and	O
photodermatitis	B-Disease
are	O
reversible	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

More	O
serious	O
ocular	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
include	O
papilledema	B-Disease
,	O
pseudotumor	B-Disease
cerebri	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
white	O
or	O
gray	O
subepithelial	O
corneal	B-Disease
opacities	I-Disease
;	O
all	O
of	O
these	O
are	O
reversible	O
if	O
the	O
drug	O
is	O
discontinued	O
.	O

Reported	O
cases	O
of	O
decreased	O
dark	O
adaptation	O
are	O
under	O
investigation	O
.	O

Isotretinoin	B-Chemical
is	O
contraindicated	O
in	O
pregnancy	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
many	O
reported	O
congenital	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
after	O
maternal	O
use	O
(	O
including	O
microphthalmos	B-Disease
,	O
orbital	O
hypertelorism	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
optic	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
hypoplasia	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Procaterol	B-Chemical
and	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
in	O
bronchial	B-Disease
asthma	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
cross	O
-	O
over	O
study	O
.	O

Procaterol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
new	O
beta	O
-	O
2	O
adrenoceptor	O
stimulant	O
,	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
cross	O
-	O
over	O
trial	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
bronchial	B-Disease
asthma	I-Disease
.	O

Oral	O
procaterol	B-Chemical
50	O
micrograms	O
b	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
,	O
procaterol	B-Chemical
100	O
micrograms	O
b	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
,	O
and	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
5	O
mg	O
t	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
,	O
were	O
compared	O
when	O
given	O
randomly	O
in	O
1	O
-	O
week	O
treatment	O
periods	O
.	O

The	O
best	O
clinical	O
effect	O
was	O
found	O
with	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
.	O

Both	O
anti	O
-	O
asthmatic	B-Disease
and	O
tremorgenic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
procaterol	B-Chemical
were	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
.	O

Procaterol	B-Chemical
appeared	O
effective	O
in	O
the	O
doses	O
tested	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
twice	O
daily	O
regimen	O
would	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
suitable	O
with	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

Subacute	O
effects	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
B	O
24	O
/	O
76	O
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rat	O
heart	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
in	O
correlation	O
with	O
blood	O
pressure	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
potential	O
beta	O
-	O
receptor	O
blocker	O
,	O
B	O
24	O
/	O
76	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
(	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenoxy	O
)	O
-	O
3	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dimethoxyphenyl	O
)	O
ethanolamino	O
]	O
-	O
prop	O
an	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
ol	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
beta	O
1	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
blocking	O
and	O
beta	O
2	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
stimulating	O
properties	O
with	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
studies	O
were	O
performed	O
using	O
an	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
heart	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

A	O
correlation	O
of	O
the	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
neither	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
nor	O
in	O
the	O
attempt	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
with	O
the	O
two	O
beta	O
-	O
receptor	O
blockers	O
.	O

Both	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
influenced	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
to	O
a	O
different	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
reproducible	O
extent	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
possible	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
increased	O
ornithine	B-Chemical
decarboxylase	O
activity	O
with	O
both	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
in	O
hypertrophied	B-Disease
hearts	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
heart	O
mass	O
.	O

Neither	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
nor	O
B	O
24	O
/	O
76	O
could	O
stop	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
characteristic	O
myosin	O
isoenzyme	O
pattern	O
of	O
the	O
hypertrophied	B-Disease
rat	O
heart	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
investigations	O
did	O
not	O
provide	O
any	O
evidence	O
that	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
receptor	O
blockers	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
B	O
24	O
/	O
76	O
have	O
the	O
potency	O
to	O
prevent	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
from	O
producing	O
heart	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
.	O

Increased	O
anxiogenic	O
effects	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
panic	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
on	O
behavioral	O
ratings	O
,	O
somatic	O
symptoms	O
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxyphenethyleneglycol	I-Chemical
(	O
MHPG	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
were	O
determined	O
in	O
17	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
and	O
21	O
patients	O
meeting	O
DSM	O
-	O
III	O
criteria	O
for	O
agoraphobia	B-Disease
with	O
panic	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
or	O
panic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
produced	O
significantly	O
greater	O
increases	O
in	O
subject	O
-	O
rated	O
anxiety	B-Disease
,	O
nervousness	O
,	O
fear	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
palpitations	B-Disease
,	O
restlessness	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
tremors	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
patients	O
compared	O
with	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
,	O
these	O
symptoms	O
were	O
significantly	O
correlated	O
with	O
plasma	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

Seventy	O
-	O
one	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
were	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
experienced	O
during	O
panic	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
alter	O
plasma	O
MHPG	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
either	O
the	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
or	O
patients	O
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
increased	O
plasma	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
levels	O
equally	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
and	O
healthy	O
groups	O
.	O

Because	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
these	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
some	O
panic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
patients	O
may	O
have	O
abnormalities	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
neuronal	I-Disease
systems	I-Disease
involving	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
anxiety	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
may	O
benefit	O
by	O
avoiding	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
foods	O
and	O
beverages	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
oxitropium	B-Chemical
bromide	I-Chemical
and	O
of	O
slow	O
-	O
release	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
on	O
nocturnal	O
asthma	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
inhaled	O
antimuscarinic	O
drug	O
,	O
oxitropium	B-Chemical
bromide	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
of	O
a	O
slow	O
-	O
release	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
preparation	O
upon	O
nocturnal	O
asthma	B-Disease
were	O
compared	O
in	O
a	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
.	O

Two	O
samples	O
were	O
studied	O
:	O
12	O
patients	O
received	O
oxitropium	B-Chemical
at	O
600	O
micrograms	O
(	O
6	O
subjects	O
)	O
or	O
at	O
400	O
micrograms	O
t	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
.	O

(	O
6	O
subjects	O
)	O
whereas	O
11	O
received	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
at	O
300	O
mg	O
b	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
.	O

Morning	O
dipping	O
,	O
assessed	O
by	O
the	O
fall	O
in	O
peak	O
flow	O
overnight	O
,	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
in	O
the	O
periods	O
when	O
either	O
active	O
drug	O
was	O
taken	O
,	O
whereas	O
no	O
difference	O
was	O
noticed	O
during	O
the	O
placebo	O
administration	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
difference	O
was	O
noticed	O
between	O
results	O
obtained	O
with	O
either	O
active	O
drug	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
with	O
either	O
dosage	O
of	O
oxitropium	B-Chemical
.	O

No	O
subject	O
reported	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
oxitropium	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
three	O
subjects	O
reporting	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	B-Disease
and	O
tremors	B-Disease
after	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
.	O

Oxitropium	B-Chemical
proves	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
valuable	O
alternative	O
to	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
in	O
nocturnal	O
asthma	B-Disease
,	O
since	O
it	O
is	O
equally	O
potent	O
,	O
safer	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
require	O
the	O
titration	O
of	O
dosage	O
.	O

Penicillin	B-Chemical
anaphylaxis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
oral	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
anaphylaxis	B-Disease
is	O
described	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
terminology	O
,	O
occurrence	O
,	O
clinical	O
manifestations	O
,	O
pathogenesis	O
,	O
prevention	O
,	O
and	O
treatment	O
of	O
anaphylaxis	B-Disease
are	O
reviewed	O
.	O

Emergency	O
physicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
oral	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
anaphylaxis	B-Disease
in	O
order	O
to	O
prevent	O
its	O
occurrence	O
by	O
prescribing	O
the	O
antibiotic	O
judiciously	O
and	O
knowledgeably	O
and	O
to	O
offer	O
optimal	O
medical	O
therapy	O
once	O
this	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
reaction	O
has	O
begun	O
.	O

Reversible	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dementia	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

Reversible	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dementia	B-Disease
was	O
documented	O
in	O
a	O
21	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
who	O
had	O
a	O
3	O
-	O
year	O
history	O
of	O
insidious	O
progressive	O
decline	O
in	O
global	O
cognitive	O
abilities	O
documented	O
by	O
serial	O
neuropsychological	O
studies	O
.	O

Repeat	O
neuropsychological	O
testing	O
7	O
weeks	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
revealed	O
dramatic	O
improvement	O
in	O
IQ	O
,	O
memory	O
,	O
naming	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
tasks	O
commensurate	O
with	O
clinical	O
recovery	O
in	O
his	O
intellectual	O
capacity	O
.	O

Possible	O
pathophysiological	O
mechanisms	O
which	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
operative	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
include	O
:	O
a	O
direct	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
CNS	O
)	O
toxic	O
effect	O
of	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
;	O
a	O
paradoxical	O
epileptogenic	O
effect	O
secondary	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
;	O
and	O
an	O
indirect	O
CNS	O
toxic	O
effect	O
mediated	O
through	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
.	O

Reversal	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
of	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
by	O
pre	O
-	O
and	O
post	O
-	O
training	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
five	O
experiments	O
,	O
the	O
modulating	O
role	O
of	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
on	O
a	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
retention	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
paradigm	O
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Scopolamine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
methyl	B-Chemical
scopolamine	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
and	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
induced	O
an	O
amnesia	B-Disease
as	O
measured	O
by	O
latency	O
and	O
duration	O
parameters	O
.	O

Naloxone	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
injected	O
prior	O
to	O
training	O
attenuated	O
the	O
retention	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
with	O
a	O
peak	O
of	O
activity	O
at	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
could	O
be	O
antagonized	O
with	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
demonstrating	O
the	O
opioid	O
specificity	O
of	O
the	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
effect	O
.	O

Post	O
-	O
training	O
administration	O
of	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
or	O
as	O
a	O
split	O
dose	O
also	O
attenuated	O
the	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
.	O

Control	O
experiments	O
indicated	O
that	O
neither	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
pain	B-Disease
sensitivity	O
(	O
pre	O
-	O
training	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
)	O
nor	O
an	O
induced	O
aversive	O
state	O
(	O
post	O
-	O
training	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
)	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
retention	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
extend	O
previous	O
findings	O
implicating	O
a	O
cholinergic	O
-	O
opioid	O
interaction	O
in	O
memory	O
processes	O
.	O

A	O
possible	O
mechanism	O
for	O
this	O
interaction	O
involving	O
the	O
septo	O
-	O
hippocampal	O
cholinergic	O
pathway	O
is	O
discussed	O
.	O

Electron	O
microscopic	O
investigations	O
of	O
the	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lesions	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
urinary	I-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
rat	O
and	O
their	O
prevention	O
by	O
mesna	B-Chemical
.	O

Fully	O
developed	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
nearly	O
complete	O
detachment	O
of	O
the	O
urothelium	O
,	O
severe	O
submucosal	O
edema	B-Disease
owing	O
to	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
microvascular	O
bed	O
and	O
focal	O
muscle	O
necroses	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
initial	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
primary	O
attack	O
by	O
the	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
metabolites	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
fragmentation	O
of	O
the	O
luminal	B-Chemical
membrane	O
.	O

This	O
damages	O
the	O
cellular	O
barrier	O
against	O
the	O
hypertonic	O
urine	O
.	O

Subsequent	O
breaks	O
in	O
the	O
lateral	O
cell	O
membranes	O
of	O
the	O
superficial	O
cells	O
and	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
plasma	O
membranes	O
of	O
the	O
intermediate	O
and	O
basal	O
cells	O
,	O
intercellular	O
and	O
intracellular	O
edema	B-Disease
and	O
disintegration	O
of	O
the	O
desmosomes	O
and	O
hemidesmosomes	O
lead	O
to	O
progressive	O
degeneration	O
and	O
detachment	O
of	O
the	O
epithelial	O
cells	O
with	O
exposure	O
and	O
splitting	O
of	O
the	O
basal	O
membrane	O
.	O

The	O
morphological	O
changes	O
of	O
the	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
,	O
which	O
become	O
more	O
pronounced	O
in	O
the	O
later	O
stages	O
of	O
the	O
experiment	O
,	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
blood	O
vessels	O
regardless	O
of	O
their	O
diameter	O
and	O
the	O
location	O
-	O
dependent	O
extent	O
of	O
the	O
damage	O
indicate	O
a	O
direct	O
type	O
of	O
damage	O
which	O
is	O
preceded	O
by	O
a	O
mediator	O
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
permeability	O
,	O
the	O
morphological	O
correlate	O
of	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
gaps	O
in	O
the	O
interendothelial	O
cell	O
connections	O
on	O
the	O
venules	O
.	O

These	O
changes	O
can	O
be	O
effectively	O
prevented	O
by	O
mesna	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
only	O
sign	O
of	O
a	O
possible	O
involvement	O
is	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
specific	O
granules	O
with	O
a	O
presumed	O
lysosomal	O
function	O
in	O
the	O
superficial	O
cells	O
.	O

Increase	O
in	O
intragastric	O
pressure	O
during	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculations	I-Disease
in	O
children	O
:	O
inhibition	O
by	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
intragastric	O
pressure	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
32	O
children	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
6	O
.	O
9	O
yr	O
)	O
pretreated	O
with	O
either	O
physiological	O
saline	O
or	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
50	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O

Anaesthesia	O
was	O
induced	O
with	O
thiopentone	B-Chemical
5	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
and	O
intensity	O
of	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculations	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

The	O
intragastric	O
pressure	O
during	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculations	I-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
16	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
(	O
SEM	O
)	O
cm	O
H2O	B-Chemical
)	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
SEM	O
)	O
cm	O
H2O	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

The	O
increase	O
in	O
intragastric	O
pressure	O
was	O
directly	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
intensity	O
of	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculations	I-Disease
(	O
regression	O
line	O
:	O
y	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
4	O
.	O
78x	O
with	O
r	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
78	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
intragastric	O
pressure	O
increases	O
significantly	O
during	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculations	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
in	O
healthy	O
children	O
.	O

Alfentanil	B-Chemical
50	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
effectively	O
inhibits	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
intensity	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
fasciculations	I-Disease
;	O
moreover	O
,	O
intragastric	O
pressure	O
remains	O
at	O
its	O
control	O
value	O
.	O

Acute	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
normalizes	O
the	O
resistance	O
to	O
the	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
in	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

A	O
morphometric	O
study	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
induced	O
myocardial	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
acute	O
effect	O
of	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
on	O
the	O
earlier	O
reported	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
diabetes	B-Disease
against	O
the	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
ISO	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Thirty	O
to	O
135	O
min	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
crystalline	O
insulin	O
,	O
ISO	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
subcutaneously	O
and	O
when	O
ISO	B-Chemical
induced	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
myocardium	O
was	O
morphometrically	O
analyzed	O
7	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
a	O
highly	O
significant	O
correlation	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
83	O
,	O
2	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
006	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
slope	O
of	O
the	O
fall	O
in	O
blood	O
glucose	B-Chemical
after	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
appeared	O
.	O

The	O
myocardial	O
content	O
of	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
was	O
estimated	O
in	O
these	O
8	O
day	O
diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

The	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
content	O
was	O
significantly	O
increased	O
while	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
remained	O
unchanged	O
.	O

An	O
enhanced	O
sympathetic	O
nervous	O
system	O
activity	O
with	O
a	O
consequent	O
down	O
regulation	O
of	O
the	O
myocardial	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
receptors	O
could	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
explain	O
this	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
resistance	O
.	O

The	O
rapid	O
reversion	O
after	O
insulin	O
treatment	O
excludes	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
in	O
itself	O
causes	O
the	O
ISO	B-Chemical
resistance	O
and	O
points	O
towards	O
a	O
direct	O
insulin	O
effect	O
on	O
myocardial	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
sensitivity	O
in	O
diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

The	O
phenomenon	O
described	O
might	O
elucidate	O
pathogenetic	O
mechanisms	O
behind	O
toxic	O
myocardial	O
cell	O
degeneration	O
and	O
may	O
possibly	O
have	O
relevance	O
for	O
acute	O
cardiovascular	O
complications	O
in	O
diabetic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Differential	O
effects	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
on	O
seizures	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
muscarinic	O
cholinergic	O
agonist	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
induces	O
in	O
rats	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
followed	O
by	O
widespread	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
forebrain	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
5	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
,	O
sodium	B-Chemical
salicylate	I-Chemical
,	O
phenylbutazone	B-Chemical
,	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
,	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
and	O
mefenamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
on	O
seizures	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

Pretreatment	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
sodium	B-Chemical
salicylate	I-Chemical
,	O
ED50	O
103	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
60	O
-	O
174	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
phenylbutazone	B-Chemical
,	O
59	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
50	O
-	O
70	O
)	O
converted	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
convulsant	O
dose	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
to	O
a	O
convulsant	O
one	O
.	O

Indomethacin	B-Chemical
,	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
and	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
,	O
10	O
-	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
failed	O
to	O
modulate	O
seizures	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

Mefenamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
26	O
(	O
22	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
prevented	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
protected	O
rats	O
from	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
380	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drugs	O
differentially	O
modulate	O
the	O
threshold	O
for	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
neurologic	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
malignant	B-Disease
glioma	I-Disease
.	O

Etoposide	B-Chemical
(	O
VP	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
16	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
213	I-Chemical
)	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
many	O
solid	O
tumors	B-Disease
and	O
hematologic	B-Disease
malignancies	I-Disease
.	O

When	O
used	O
in	O
high	O
doses	O
and	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
autologous	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
,	O
this	O
agent	O
has	O
activity	O
against	O
several	O
treatment	O
-	O
resistant	O
cancers	B-Disease
including	O
malignant	B-Disease
glioma	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
six	O
of	O
eight	O
patients	O
(	O
75	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
we	O
treated	O
for	O
recurrent	O
or	O
resistant	O
glioma	B-Disease
,	O
sudden	O
severe	O
neurologic	B-Disease
deterioration	I-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

This	O
developed	O
a	O
median	O
of	O
9	O
days	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Significant	O
clinical	O
manifestations	O
have	O
included	O
confusion	B-Disease
,	O
papilledema	B-Disease
,	O
somnolence	B-Disease
,	O
exacerbation	O
of	O
motor	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
sharp	O
increase	O
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
.	O

These	O
abnormalities	O
resolved	O
rapidly	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
patients	O
,	O
computerized	O
tomographic	O
(	O
CT	O
)	O
brain	O
scans	O
demonstrated	O
stability	O
in	O
tumor	B-Disease
size	O
and	O
peritumor	O
edema	B-Disease
when	O
compared	O
with	O
pretransplant	O
scans	O
.	O

This	O
complication	O
appears	O
to	O
represent	O
a	O
significant	O
new	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
malignant	B-Disease
glioma	I-Disease
.	O

Progressive	O
bile	B-Disease
duct	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
after	O
thiabendazole	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

A	O
27	O
-	O
yr	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
developed	O
jaundice	B-Disease
2	O
wk	O
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
thiabendazole	B-Chemical
.	O

Cholestasis	B-Disease
persisted	O
for	O
3	O
yr	O
,	O
at	O
which	O
time	O
a	O
liver	O
transplant	O
was	O
performed	O
.	O

Two	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
and	O
the	O
hepatectomy	O
specimen	O
were	O
remarkable	O
for	O
almost	O
complete	O
disappearance	O
of	O
interlobular	O
bile	O
ducts	O
.	O

Prominent	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
and	O
hepatocellular	O
regeneration	O
were	O
also	O
present	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
lobular	O
architecture	O
was	O
preserved	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
represents	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
"	O
idiosyncratic	O
"	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
which	O
the	O
primary	O
target	O
of	O
injury	O
is	O
the	O
bile	O
duct	O
.	O

An	O
autoimmune	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
the	O
bile	B-Disease
duct	I-Disease
destruction	I-Disease
is	O
suggested	O
.	O

Differential	O
effects	O
of	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydropyridine	I-Chemical
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	I-Chemical
blockers	I-Chemical
:	O
therapeutic	O
implications	O
.	O

Increasing	O
recognition	O
of	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
has	O
stimulated	O
research	O
into	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	I-Chemical
blocking	I-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
favorable	O
efficacy	O
and	O
tolerability	O
profiles	O
of	O
these	O
agents	O
make	O
them	O
attractive	O
therapeutic	O
modalities	O
.	O

Clinical	O
applications	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	I-Chemical
blockers	I-Chemical
parallel	O
their	O
tissue	O
selectivity	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
and	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
are	O
roughly	O
equipotent	O
in	O
their	O
actions	O
on	O
the	O
heart	O
and	O
vascular	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
,	O
the	O
dihydropyridine	B-Chemical
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	I-Chemical
blockers	I-Chemical
are	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
potent	O
peripheral	O
vasodilator	O
agents	O
that	O
exert	O
minimal	O
electrophysiologic	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiac	O
nodal	O
or	O
conduction	O
tissue	O
.	O

As	O
the	O
first	O
dihydropyridine	B-Chemical
available	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
controls	O
angina	B-Disease
and	O
hypertension	B-Disease
with	O
minimal	O
depression	O
of	O
cardiac	O
function	O
.	O

Additional	O
members	O
of	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	I-Chemical
blockers	I-Chemical
have	O
been	O
studied	O
for	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
indications	O
for	O
which	O
they	O
may	O
offer	O
advantages	O
over	O
current	O
therapy	O
.	O

Once	O
or	O
twice	O
daily	O
dosage	O
possible	O
with	O
nitrendipine	B-Chemical
and	O
nisoldipine	B-Chemical
offers	O
a	O
convenient	O
administration	O
schedule	O
,	O
which	O
encourages	O
patient	O
compliance	O
in	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
therapy	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
coronary	O
vasodilating	O
properties	O
of	O
nisoldipine	B-Chemical
have	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
investigation	O
of	O
this	O
agent	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
angina	B-Disease
.	O

Selectivity	O
for	O
the	O
cerebrovascular	O
bed	O
makes	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
potentially	O
useful	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
migraine	B-Disease
headache	I-Disease
,	O
dementia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
stroke	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
general	O
,	O
the	O
dihydropyridine	B-Chemical
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	I-Chemical
blockers	I-Chemical
are	O
usually	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
with	O
headache	B-Disease
,	O
facial	O
flushing	B-Disease
,	O
palpitations	B-Disease
,	O
edema	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
anorexia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
dizziness	B-Disease
being	O
the	O
more	O
common	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
enhancement	O
of	O
aminonucleoside	B-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
by	O
the	O
co	O
-	O
administration	O
of	O
protamine	O
.	O

An	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
focal	B-Disease
segmental	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
(	O
FSGS	B-Disease
)	O
was	O
developed	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
the	O
combined	O
administration	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
AMNS	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
protamine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
(	O
PS	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
,	O
uninephrectomized	O
three	O
weeks	O
before	O
,	O
received	O
daily	O
injections	O
of	O
subcutaneous	O
AMNS	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
body	O
wt	O
)	O
and	O
intravenous	O
PS	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
separated	O
doses	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
body	O
wt	O
)	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
.	O

The	O
series	O
of	O
injections	O
were	O
repeated	O
another	O
three	O
times	O
at	O
10	O
day	O
intervals	O
.	O

The	O
animals	O
were	O
sacrificed	O
on	O
days	O
24	O
,	O
52	O
,	O
and	O
80	O
.	O

They	O
developed	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
finally	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
time	O
-	O
course	O
curve	O
of	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
dropped	O
and	O
showed	O
significant	O
difference	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
from	O
that	O
of	O
each	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
AMNS	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
PS	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
saline	O
injected	O
.	O

Their	O
glomeruli	O
showed	O
changes	O
of	O
progressive	O
FSGS	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
ultrastructural	O
studies	O
in	O
the	O
initial	O
stage	O
revealed	O
significant	O
lack	O
of	O
particles	O
of	O
perfused	O
ruthenium	B-Chemical
red	O
on	O
the	O
lamina	O
rara	O
externa	O
and	O
marked	O
changes	O
in	O
epithelial	O
cell	O
cytoplasm	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
PS	B-Chemical
enhances	O
the	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
AMNS	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
glomerulus	O
and	O
readily	O
produces	O
progressive	O
FSGS	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
resulting	O
in	O
the	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Theophylline	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
pregnant	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
investigation	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
the	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
is	O
altered	O
in	O
advanced	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
that	O
were	O
20	O
days	O
pregnant	O
and	O
nonpregnant	O
rats	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
and	O
strain	O
received	O
infusions	O
of	O
aminophylline	B-Chemical
until	O
onset	O
of	O
maximal	O
seizures	B-Disease
which	O
occurred	O
after	O
28	O
and	O
30	O
minutes	O
respectively	O
.	O

Theophylline	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
at	O
this	O
endpoint	O
in	O
serum	O
(	O
total	O
)	O
and	O
CSF	O
were	O
similar	O
but	O
serum	O
(	O
free	O
)	O
and	O
brain	O
concentrations	O
were	O
slightly	O
different	O
in	O
pregnant	O
rats	O
.	O

Theophylline	B-Chemical
serum	O
protein	O
binding	O
determined	O
by	O
equilibrium	O
dialysis	O
was	O
lower	O
in	O
pregnant	O
rats	O
.	O

Fetal	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
at	O
onset	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
mother	O
were	O
similar	O
to	O
maternal	O
brain	O
and	O
CSF	O
concentrations	O
and	O
correlated	O
significantly	O
with	O
the	O
former	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
advanced	O
pregnancy	O
has	O
a	O
negligible	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
response	O
to	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Hyperkalemia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
and	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
and	O
reversed	O
by	O
fludrocortisone	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
have	O
described	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
severe	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
mefenamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
whom	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
and	O
inappropriate	O
hypoaldosteronism	B-Disease
were	O
caused	O
by	O
both	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
and	O
naproxen	B-Chemical
,	O
without	O
major	O
decline	O
in	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
preexisting	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
predisposed	O
this	O
patient	O
to	O
type	B-Disease
IV	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
with	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthetase	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

Because	O
he	O
was	O
unable	O
to	O
discontinue	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
drug	O
therapy	O
,	O
fludrocortisone	B-Chemical
was	O
added	O
,	O
correcting	O
the	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
and	O
allowing	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
to	O
be	O
continued	O
safely	O
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
manifestation	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
three	O
patients	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
.	O

Cardiac	O
symptoms	O
,	O
including	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
developed	O
in	O
three	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
colorectal	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
while	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
CDDP	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

In	O
two	O
patients	O
,	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
severe	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

All	O
three	O
patients	O
required	O
therapy	O
discontinuation	O
.	O

Cardiac	O
enzymes	O
remained	O
normal	O
despite	O
transient	O
electrocardiographic	O
(	O
EKG	O
)	O
changes	O
.	O

The	O
presentation	O
and	O
cardiac	O
evaluation	O
(	O
hemodynamic	O
,	O
echocardiographic	O
,	O
and	O
scintigraphic	O
)	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
suggest	O
new	O
manifestations	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
that	O
may	O
be	O
influenced	O
by	O
CDDP	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
possible	O
pathophysiologic	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Fatal	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
fatal	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
an	O
epileptic	B-Disease
woman	O
is	O
reported	O
.	O

Despite	O
concerns	O
of	O
fatal	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
,	O
this	O
is	O
only	O
the	O
fourth	O
documented	O
and	O
published	O
report	O
.	O

Carbamazepine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
safe	O
drug	O
,	O
but	O
physicians	O
and	O
patients	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
exceedingly	O
rare	O
but	O
potentially	O
fatal	O
side	O
effects	O
,	O
better	O
prevented	O
by	O
clinical	O
than	O
by	O
laboratory	O
monitoring	O
.	O

Participation	O
of	O
a	O
bulbospinal	O
serotonergic	O
pathway	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
brain	O
in	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
microinjection	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
micrograms	O
in	O
1	O
microliter	O
)	O
into	O
a	O
region	O
adjacent	O
to	O
the	O
ventrolateral	O
surface	O
of	O
the	O
medulla	O
oblongata	O
on	O
cardiovascular	O
function	O
were	O
assessed	O
in	O
urethane	B-Chemical
-	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

Intramedullary	O
administration	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
saline	O
vehicle	O
,	O
caused	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
decrease	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
and	O
the	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

The	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
antagonized	O
by	O
prior	O
spinal	O
transection	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
bilateral	O
vagotomy	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
the	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
was	O
antagonized	O
by	O
prior	O
bilateral	O
vagotomy	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
spinal	O
transection	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
selective	O
destruction	O
of	O
the	O
spinal	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
nerves	O
,	O
produced	O
by	O
bilateral	O
spinal	O
injection	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxytryptamine	I-Chemical
,	O
reduced	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
the	O
vasodepressor	O
or	O
the	O
bradycardiac	B-Disease
responses	O
to	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
area	O
near	O
the	O
ventrolateral	O
surface	O
of	O
the	O
medulla	O
oblongata	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
a	O
bulbospinal	O
serotonergic	O
pathway	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
development	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
is	O
brought	O
about	O
by	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
sympathetic	O
efferent	O
activity	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
was	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
vagal	O
efferent	O
activity	O
.	O

Hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
imipramine	B-Chemical
.	O

Hypertension	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
finding	O
in	O
some	O
patients	O
with	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
not	O
previously	O
been	O
described	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
Imipramine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
severe	O
hypertension	B-Disease
(	O
blood	O
pressure	O
190	O
/	O
160	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
4	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
with	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
who	O
was	O
given	O
Imipramine	B-Chemical
to	O
control	O
a	O
behavior	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
was	O
determined	O
later	O
that	O
this	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
tumor	B-Disease
was	O
recurring	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
her	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
episode	O
.	O

Since	O
she	O
had	O
no	O
blood	O
pressure	O
elevation	O
at	O
initial	O
diagnosis	O
and	O
none	O
following	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
Imipramine	B-Chemical
(	O
when	O
she	O
was	O
in	O
florid	O
relapse	O
)	O
,	O
we	O
believe	O
that	O
this	O
drug	O
rather	O
than	O
her	O
underlying	O
disease	O
alone	O
caused	O
her	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
for	O
this	O
reaction	O
is	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
increased	O
levels	O
of	O
vasoactive	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
due	O
to	O
interference	O
of	O
their	O
physiologic	O
inactivation	O
by	O
Imipramine	B-Chemical
.	O

From	O
this	O
experience	O
,	O
we	O
urge	O
extreme	O
caution	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressants	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
active	O
neuroblastoma	B-Disease
.	O

Rechallenge	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
oral	B-Disease
candidiasis	I-Disease
or	O
hoarseness	B-Disease
with	O
beclomethasone	B-Chemical
dipropionate	I-Chemical
.	O

Of	O
158	O
asthmatic	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
were	O
placed	O
on	O
inhaled	O
beclomethasone	B-Chemical
,	O
15	O
(	O
9	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
either	O
hoarseness	B-Disease
(	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
oral	O
thrush	B-Disease
(	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
both	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

When	O
their	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
subsided	O
,	O
seven	O
of	O
these	O
15	O
patients	O
were	O
rechallenged	O
with	O
inhaled	O
beclomethasone	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
included	O
five	O
cases	O
who	O
developed	O
hoarseness	B-Disease
and	O
three	O
who	O
developed	O
Candidiasis	B-Disease
.	O

One	O
patient	O
had	O
both	O
.	O

Oral	O
thrush	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
recur	O
,	O
but	O
60	O
%	O
(	O
3	O
/	O
5	O
)	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
hoarseness	B-Disease
had	O
recurrence	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
patients	O
may	O
be	O
restarted	O
on	O
inhaled	O
beclomethasone	B-Chemical
when	O
clinically	O
indicated	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
high	O
recurrence	O
rate	O
,	O
patients	O
who	O
develop	O
hoarseness	B-Disease
should	O
not	O
be	O
re	O
-	O
challenged	O
.	O

Concomitant	O
use	O
of	O
oral	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
and	O
topical	O
beclomethasone	B-Chemical
may	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
developing	O
hoarseness	B-Disease
or	O
candidiasis	B-Disease
.	O

Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
:	O
an	O
analysis	O
of	O
dosing	O
as	O
a	O
risk	O
factor	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
undergo	O
bone	O
marrow	O
transplantation	O
are	O
generally	O
immunosuppressed	O
with	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CYA	B-Chemical
)	O
which	O
is	O
usually	O
calculated	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
weight	O
.	O

At	O
these	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
CYA	B-Chemical
,	O
serious	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
may	O
occur	O
,	O
but	O
definitive	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
such	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
have	O
not	O
been	O
described	O
.	O

Since	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agent	O
toxicity	B-Disease
generally	O
correlates	O
with	O
dose	O
per	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
,	O
we	O
retrospectively	O
calculated	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
CYA	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
transplanted	O
at	O
our	O
institution	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
CYA	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
dose	O
per	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
.	O

Eighty	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
to	O
receive	O
CYA	B-Chemical
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
d	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
as	O
preparation	O
for	O
marrow	O
grafting	O
underwent	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
84	O
transplants	O
for	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
,	O
Wiskott	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Aldrich	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
severe	B-Disease
combined	I-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Fourteen	O
of	O
84	O
(	O
17	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
had	O
symptoms	O
and	O
signs	O
consistent	O
with	O
CYA	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
within	O
ten	O
days	O
of	O
receiving	O
1	O
to	O
4	O
doses	O
of	O
CYA	B-Chemical
.	O

Six	O
of	O
the	O
14	O
patients	O
died	O
with	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
dose	O
of	O
CYA	B-Chemical
per	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
was	O
calculated	O
for	O
all	O
patients	O
and	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
two	O
groups	O
based	O
on	O
daily	O
CYA	B-Chemical
dose	O
:	O
Group	O
1	O
,	O
CYA	B-Chemical
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
55	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
;	O
Group	O
2	O
,	O
CYA	B-Chemical
greater	O
than	O
1	O
.	O
55	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
.	O

Cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
that	O
was	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
CYA	B-Chemical
occurred	O
in	O
1	O
/	O
32	O
(	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
Group	O
1	O
and	O
in	O
13	O
/	O
52	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
in	O
Group	O
2	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

Congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
caused	O
or	O
contributed	O
to	O
death	O
in	O
0	O
/	O
32	O
patients	O
in	O
Group	O
1	O
v	O
6	O
/	O
52	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
Group	O
2	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
engraftment	O
of	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
(	O
P	O
greater	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
CYA	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
correlates	O
with	O
CYA	B-Chemical
dosage	O
as	O
calculated	O
by	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
patients	O
with	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
and	O
immunodeficiencies	B-Disease
can	O
be	O
effectively	O
prepared	O
for	O
bone	O
marrow	O
grafting	O
at	O
a	O
CYA	B-Chemical
dose	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
55	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
d	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
with	O
a	O
lower	O
incidence	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
than	O
patients	O
whose	O
CYA	B-Chemical
dosage	O
is	O
calculated	O
based	O
on	O
weight	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
reaffirms	O
the	O
principle	O
that	O
drug	O
toxicity	B-Disease
correlates	O
with	O
dose	O
per	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
.	O

Studies	O
of	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
epidemiology	O
of	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
fully	O
understood	O
.	O

Experimental	O
studies	O
in	O
healthy	O
human	O
volunteers	O
indicate	O
aminoglycosides	B-Chemical
cause	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
damage	O
in	O
most	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
rarely	O
,	O
if	O
ever	O
,	O
cause	O
glomerular	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Clinical	O
trials	O
of	O
aminoglycosides	B-Chemical
in	O
seriously	O
ill	O
patients	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
relative	O
risk	O
for	O
developing	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
during	O
therapy	O
ranges	O
from	O
8	O
to	O
10	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
attributable	O
risk	O
is	O
70	O
%	O
to	O
80	O
%	O
.	O

Further	O
analysis	O
of	O
these	O
data	O
suggests	O
that	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
plasma	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
advanced	O
age	O
,	O
high	O
initial	O
estimated	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
and	O
,	O
possibly	O
,	O
female	O
gender	O
all	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Other	O
causes	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
such	O
as	O
shock	B-Disease
,	O
appear	O
to	O
have	O
an	O
additive	O
effect	O
.	O

Predictive	O
models	O
have	O
been	O
developed	O
from	O
these	O
analyses	O
that	O
should	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
identifying	O
patients	O
at	O
high	O
risk	O
.	O

These	O
models	O
may	O
also	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
developing	O
insights	O
into	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Central	O
action	O
of	O
narcotic	O
analgesics	O
.	O

Part	O
IV	O
.	O

Noradrenergic	O
influences	O
on	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
analgesics	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
naphazoline	B-Chemical
and	O
xylometazoline	B-Chemical
on	O
analgesia	O
induced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
codeine	B-Chemical
,	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
and	O
pentazocine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
on	O
cataleptic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
codine	B-Chemical
and	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
was	O
studied	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
biochemical	O
assays	O
on	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
four	O
analgesics	O
on	O
the	O
brain	O
concentration	O
and	O
turnover	O
of	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
NA	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
also	O
performed	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
three	O
drugs	O
stimulating	O
central	O
NA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
failed	O
to	O
affect	O
the	O
analgesic	O
ED50	O
of	O
all	O
antinociceptive	O
agents	O
and	O
they	O
enhanced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
.	O

Codeine	B-Chemical
catalepsy	B-Disease
was	O
increased	O
by	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
and	O
decreased	O
by	O
naphazoline	B-Chemical
and	O
xylometazoline	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
brain	O
concentration	O
of	O
NA	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
changed	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
doses	O
of	O
codeine	B-Chemical
(	O
45	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
slightly	O
enhanced	O
it	O
.	O

Pentazocine	B-Chemical
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
decreased	O
the	O
brain	O
level	O
of	O
NA	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
rate	O
of	O
NA	B-Chemical
turnover	O
was	O
not	O
altered	O
by	O
analgesics	O
except	O
for	O
the	O
higher	O
dose	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
following	O
which	O
the	O
disappearance	O
of	O
NA	B-Chemical
from	O
the	O
brain	O
was	O
diminished	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
are	O
discussed	O
in	O
the	O
light	O
of	O
various	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
uniform	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
in	O
rats	O
the	O
brain	O
NA	B-Chemical
plays	O
a	O
less	O
important	O
function	O
than	O
the	O
other	O
monoamines	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
behavioural	O
activity	O
of	O
potent	O
analgesics	O
.	O

Flurothyl	B-Chemical
seizure	B-Disease
thresholds	O
in	O
mice	O
treated	O
neonatally	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
monosodium	B-Chemical
glutamate	I-Chemical
(	O
MSG	B-Chemical
)	O
:	O
evaluation	O
of	O
experimental	O
parameters	O
in	O
flurothyl	B-Chemical
seizure	B-Disease
testing	O
.	O

Monosodium	B-Chemical
glutamate	I-Chemical
(	O
MSG	B-Chemical
)	O
administration	O
to	O
neonatal	O
rodents	O
produces	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
results	O
in	O
numerous	O
biochemical	O
and	O
behavioral	O
deficits	O
.	O

These	O
studies	O
were	O
undertaken	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
neonatal	O
administration	O
of	O
MSG	B-Chemical
produced	O
permanent	O
alterations	O
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
susceptibility	O
,	O
since	O
previous	O
investigations	O
were	O
inconclusive	O
.	O

A	O
flurothyl	B-Chemical
ether	B-Chemical
seizure	B-Disease
screening	O
technique	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
seizure	B-Disease
susceptibility	O
in	O
adult	O
mice	O
that	O
received	O
neonatal	O
injections	O
of	O
MSG	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
g	O
and	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
g	O
)	O
.	O

MSG	B-Chemical
treatment	O
resulted	O
in	O
significant	O
reductions	O
in	O
whole	O
brain	O
weight	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
alter	O
seizure	B-Disease
threshold	O
.	O

A	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
challenge	O
was	O
also	O
ineffective	O
in	O
altering	O
the	O
seizure	B-Disease
thresholds	O
of	O
either	O
control	O
of	O
MSG	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
mice	O
.	O

Flurothyl	B-Chemical
ether	B-Chemical
produced	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
which	O
was	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
flurothyl	B-Chemical
exposure	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
relationship	O
of	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
to	O
seizure	B-Disease
induction	O
was	O
unclear	O
.	O

Flurothyl	B-Chemical
seizure	B-Disease
testing	O
proved	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
rapid	O
and	O
reliable	O
technique	O
with	O
which	O
to	O
evaluate	O
seizure	B-Disease
susceptibility	O
.	O

Susceptibility	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
after	O
microinjection	O
of	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
or	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
vinyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
into	O
the	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
.	O

Pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
given	O
intraperitoneally	O
to	O
rats	O
,	O
reproduces	O
the	O
neuropathological	O
sequelae	O
of	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
and	O
provides	O
a	O
relevant	O
animal	O
model	O
for	O
studying	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
buildup	O
of	O
convulsive	B-Disease
activity	O
and	O
pathways	O
operative	O
in	O
the	O
generalization	O
and	O
propagation	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
within	O
the	O
forebrain	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
manipulating	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
mediated	O
synaptic	O
inhibition	O
within	O
the	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
on	O
seizures	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
,	O
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

In	O
animals	O
pretreated	O
with	O
microinjections	O
of	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
,	O
150	O
micrograms	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
-	O
synthesizing	O
enzyme	O
,	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glutamic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
decarboxylase	O
,	O
into	O
the	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
pars	O
reticulata	O
(	O
SNR	O
)	O
,	O
bilaterally	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
convulsant	O
doses	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
100	O
and	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
resulted	O
in	O
severe	O
motor	O
limbic	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

Electroencephalographic	O
and	O
behavioral	O
monitoring	O
revealed	O
a	O
profound	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
threshold	O
for	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
frontal	O
forebrain	O
sections	O
with	O
light	O
microscopy	O
revealed	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
hippocampal	O
formation	O
,	O
thalamus	O
,	O
amygdala	O
,	O
olfactory	O
cortex	O
,	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
and	O
neocortex	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
typically	O
observed	O
with	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
in	O
doses	O
exceeding	O
350	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Bilateral	O
intrastriatal	O
injections	O
of	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
augment	O
seizures	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Application	O
of	O
an	O
irreversible	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
GABA	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
,	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
vinyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
(	O
D	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amino	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hex	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
enoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
5	O
micrograms	O
,	O
into	O
the	O
SNR	O
,	O
bilaterally	O
,	O
suppressed	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
electrographic	O
and	O
behavioral	O
seizures	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
380	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

This	O
treatment	O
was	O
also	O
sufficient	O
to	O
protect	O
animals	O
from	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

Microinjections	O
of	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
vinyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
,	O
5	O
micrograms	O
,	O
into	O
the	O
dorsal	O
striatum	O
,	O
bilaterally	O
,	O
failed	O
to	O
prevent	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
convulsions	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
380	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
the	O
threshold	O
for	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
is	O
subjected	O
to	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
synaptic	O
inhibition	O
within	O
the	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
.	O

Human	O
and	O
canine	O
ventricular	O
vasoactive	O
intestinal	O
polypeptide	O
:	O
decrease	O
with	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Vasoactive	O
intestinal	O
polypeptide	O
(	O
VIP	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
systemic	O
and	O
coronary	O
vasodilator	O
that	O
may	O
have	O
positive	O
inotropic	O
properties	O
.	O

Myocardial	O
levels	O
of	O
VIP	O
were	O
assayed	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
two	O
canine	O
models	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
first	O
,	O
cobalt	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
in	O
eight	O
dogs	O
;	O
VIP	O
(	O
by	O
radioimmunoassay	O
)	O
decreased	O
from	O
35	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
pg	O
/	O
mg	O
protein	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
to	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
pg	O
/	O
mg	O
protein	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
six	O
dogs	O
with	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
VIP	O
decreased	O
from	O
31	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
to	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
pg	O
/	O
mg	O
protein	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
VIP	O
content	O
of	O
left	O
ventricular	O
muscle	O
of	O
resected	O
failing	O
hearts	O
in	O
10	O
patients	O
receiving	O
a	O
heart	O
transplant	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
papillary	O
muscles	O
in	O
14	O
patients	O
(	O
five	O
with	O
rheumatic	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
nine	O
with	O
myxomatous	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
)	O
receiving	O
mitral	O
valve	O
prostheses	O
.	O

The	O
lowest	O
myocardial	O
VIP	O
concentration	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
hearts	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
one	O
patient	O
receiving	O
a	O
transplant	O
and	O
three	O
receiving	O
mitral	O
prostheses	O
)	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
pg	O
/	O
mg	O
protein	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
transplantation	O
had	O
an	O
average	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
of	O
17	O
%	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
%	O
and	O
a	O
VIP	O
level	O
of	O
8	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
9	O
pg	O
/	O
mg	O
protein	O
.	O

The	O
hearts	O
without	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
average	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
of	O
this	O
group	O
62	O
%	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
a	O
VIP	O
concentration	O
of	O
14	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
9	O
pg	O
/	O
mg	O
protein	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
was	O
greater	O
than	O
in	O
hearts	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
hearts	O
of	O
patients	O
receiving	O
a	O
transplant	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Myocardial	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
were	O
also	O
determined	O
in	O
14	O
subjects	O
;	O
a	O
weak	O
correlation	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
57	O
,	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
between	O
the	O
tissue	O
concentrations	O
of	O
VIP	O
and	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
was	O
noted	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Non	O
-	O
invasive	O
detection	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
by	O
body	O
surface	O
electrocardiographic	O
mapping	O
after	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

Electrocardiographic	O
changes	O
after	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
568	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
4	O
min	O
)	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
41	O
patients	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
after	O
submaximal	O
treadmill	O
exercise	O
by	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
body	O
surface	O
mapping	O
technique	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
;	O
19	O
patients	O
without	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
non	O
-	O
MI	B-Disease
group	O
)	O
,	O
14	O
with	O
anterior	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
ANT	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
MI	I-Disease
)	O
and	O
eight	O
with	O
inferior	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
INF	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
MI	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Eighty	O
-	O
seven	O
unipolar	O
electrocardiograms	O
(	O
ECGs	O
)	O
distributed	O
over	O
the	O
entire	O
thoracic	O
surface	O
were	O
simultaneously	O
recorded	O
.	O

After	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
,	O
ischemic	B-Disease
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
depression	B-Disease
(	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
mV	O
or	O
more	O
)	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
84	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
MI	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
29	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
ANT	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
MI	I-Disease
group	O
,	O
63	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
INF	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
MI	I-Disease
group	O
and	O
61	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
population	O
.	O

Exercise	O
-	O
induced	O
ST	O
depression	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
84	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
MI	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
43	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
ANT	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
MI	I-Disease
group	O
,	O
38	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
INF	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
MI	I-Disease
group	O
and	O
61	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
.	O

For	O
individual	O
patients	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
obvious	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
body	O
surface	O
distribution	O
of	O
ST	O
depression	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
tests	O
.	O

The	O
increase	O
in	O
pressure	O
rate	O
product	O
after	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
less	O
than	O
that	O
during	O
the	O
treadmill	O
exercise	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
is	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
inhomogenous	O
distribution	O
of	O
myocardial	O
blood	O
flow	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
ECG	O
test	O
is	O
as	O
useful	O
as	O
the	O
exercise	O
ECG	O
test	O
for	O
the	O
assessment	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Bradycardia	B-Disease
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

In	O
5	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
who	O
received	O
intravenous	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
(	O
MP	B-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
(	O
1	O
g	O
daily	O
for	O
2	O
or	O
3	O
consecutive	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
decline	O
in	O
pulse	O
rate	O
was	O
observed	O
,	O
most	O
pronounced	O
on	O
day	O
4	O
.	O

In	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
5	O
patients	O
the	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
complaints	O
of	O
substernal	O
pressure	O
.	O

Reversal	O
to	O
normal	O
heart	O
rate	O
was	O
found	O
on	O
day	O
7	O
.	O

Electrocardiographic	O
registrations	O
showed	O
sinus	B-Disease
bradycardia	I-Disease
in	O
all	O
cases	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
changes	O
in	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
electrolytes	O
were	O
found	O
.	O

Careful	O
observation	O
of	O
patients	O
receiving	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
MP	B-Chemical
is	O
recommended	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
MP	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
contraindicated	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
known	O
heart	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
downbeat	B-Disease
nystagmus	I-Disease
and	O
oscillopsia	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
.	O

Downbeat	B-Disease
nystagmus	I-Disease
is	O
often	O
associated	O
with	O
structural	O
lesions	O
at	O
the	O
craniocervical	O
junction	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
occasionally	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
a	O
manifestation	O
of	O
metabolic	O
imbalance	O
or	O
drug	O
intoxication	O
.	O

We	O
recorded	O
the	O
eye	O
movements	O
of	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
reversible	O
downbeat	B-Disease
nystagmus	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
nystagmus	B-Disease
of	O
both	O
patients	O
resolved	O
after	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
serum	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

Neuroradiologic	O
investigations	O
including	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
scans	O
in	O
both	O
patients	O
showed	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
intracranial	O
abnormality	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
downbeat	B-Disease
nystagmus	I-Disease
who	O
are	O
taking	O
anticonvulsant	O
medications	O
,	O
consideration	O
should	O
be	O
given	O
to	O
reduction	O
in	O
dose	O
before	O
further	O
investigation	O
is	O
undertaken	O
.	O

Improvement	O
by	O
denopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
TA	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
064	I-Chemical
)	O
of	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
dog	O
heart	O
-	O
lung	O
preparation	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
of	O
denopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
orally	O
active	O
beta	O
1	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
in	O
improving	O
cardiac	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
dog	O
heart	O
-	O
lung	O
preparations	O
.	O

Cardiac	O
functions	O
depressed	O
by	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
(	O
118	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
28	O
mg	O
;	O
mean	O
value	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
such	O
that	O
cardiac	O
output	O
and	O
maximum	O
rate	O
of	O
rise	O
of	O
left	O
ventricular	O
pressure	O
(	O
LV	O
dP	O
/	O
dt	O
max	O
)	O
had	O
been	O
reduced	O
by	O
about	O
35	O
%	O
and	O
26	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
respective	O
controls	O
were	O
improved	O
by	O
denopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
-	O
300	O
micrograms	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

With	O
100	O
micrograms	O
denopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
almost	O
complete	O
restoration	O
of	O
cardiac	O
performance	O
was	O
attained	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
slight	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

No	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
were	O
induced	O
by	O
these	O
doses	O
of	O
denopamine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
results	O
warrant	O
clinical	O
trials	O
of	O
denopamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Clonazepam	B-Chemical
monotherapy	O
for	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
in	O
childhood	O
.	O

Sixty	O
patients	O
(	O
age	O
-	O
range	O
one	O
month	O
to	O
14	O
years	O
)	O
with	O
other	O
types	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
than	O
infantile	B-Disease
spasms	I-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
clonazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

Disappearance	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
normalization	O
of	O
abnormal	O
EEG	O
with	O
disappearance	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
recognized	O
in	O
77	O
%	O
and	O
50	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
disappeared	O
in	O
71	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
generalized	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
89	O
%	O
of	O
partial	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Improvement	O
of	O
abnormal	O
EEG	O
was	O
noticed	O
in	O
76	O
%	O
of	O
diffuse	O
paroxysms	O
and	O
in	O
67	O
%	O
of	O
focal	O
paroxysms	O
.	O

In	O
excellent	O
cases	O
,	O
mean	O
effective	O
dosages	O
were	O
0	O
.	O
086	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
021	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
in	O
infants	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
057	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
022	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
in	O
schoolchildren	O
,	O
this	O
difference	O
was	O
statistically	O
significant	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
side	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
drowsiness	B-Disease
and	O
ataxia	B-Disease
was	O
only	O
5	O
%	O
.	O

Postmarketing	O
study	O
of	O
timolol	B-Chemical
-	O
hydrochlorothiazide	B-Chemical
antihypertensive	O
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
postmarketing	O
surveillance	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
a	O
fixed	O
-	O
ratio	O
combination	O
containing	O
10	O
mg	O
of	O
timolol	B-Chemical
maleate	I-Chemical
and	O
25	O
mg	O
of	O
hydrochlorothiazide	B-Chemical
,	O
administered	O
twice	O
daily	O
for	O
one	O
month	O
to	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Data	O
on	O
9	O
,	O
037	O
patients	O
were	O
collected	O
by	O
1	O
,	O
455	O
participating	O
physicians	O
.	O

Mean	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
decreased	O
25	O
mmHg	O
and	O
mean	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
declined	O
15	O
mmHg	O
after	O
one	O
month	O
of	O
timolol	B-Chemical
-	O
hydrochlorothiazide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
,	O
both	O
comparisons	O
)	O
.	O

Age	O
,	O
race	O
,	O
and	O
sex	O
appeared	O
to	O
have	O
no	O
influence	O
on	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
.	O

The	O
antihypertensive	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
was	O
greater	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
more	O
severe	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
1	O
,	O
453	O
patients	O
experienced	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
2	O
,	O
658	O
adverse	O
events	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
being	O
fatigue	B-Disease
,	O
dizziness	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
weakness	B-Disease
.	O

Treatment	O
in	O
590	O
patients	O
was	O
discontinued	O
because	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
.	O

Salicylate	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
Gunn	O
rat	O
:	O
potential	O
role	O
of	O
prostaglandins	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
potential	O
role	O
of	O
prostaglandins	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
analgesic	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
Gunn	O
strain	O
of	O
rat	O
.	O

The	O
homozygous	O
Gunn	O
rats	O
have	O
unconjugated	O
hyperbilirubinemia	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
glucuronyl	B-Chemical
transferase	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
marked	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
deposition	O
in	O
renal	O
medulla	O
and	O
papilla	O
.	O

These	O
rats	O
are	O
also	O
highly	O
susceptible	O
to	O
develop	O
papillary	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
with	O
analgesic	O
administration	O
.	O

We	O
used	O
homozygous	O
(	O
jj	O
)	O
and	O
phenotypically	O
normal	O
heterozygous	O
(	O
jJ	O
)	O
animals	O
.	O

Four	O
groups	O
of	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
were	O
studied	O
:	O
jj	O
and	O
jJ	O
rats	O
treated	O
either	O
with	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
every	O
other	O
day	O
or	O
sham	O
-	O
treated	O
.	O

After	O
one	O
week	O
,	O
slices	O
of	O
cortex	O
,	O
outer	O
and	O
inner	O
medulla	O
from	O
one	O
kidney	O
were	O
incubated	O
in	O
buffer	O
and	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
radioimmunoassay	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
kidney	O
was	O
examined	O
histologically	O
.	O

A	O
marked	O
corticomedullary	O
gradient	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
all	O
groups	O
.	O

PGE2	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
outer	O
medulla	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
cortex	O
or	O
inner	O
medulla	O
,	O
of	O
jj	O
(	O
38	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
ng	O
/	O
mg	O
prot	O
)	O
than	O
jJ	O
rats	O
(	O
15	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Aspirin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
reduced	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
in	O
all	O
regions	O
,	O
but	O
outer	O
medullary	O
PGE2	B-Chemical
remained	O
higher	O
in	O
jj	O
(	O
18	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
than	O
jJ	O
rats	O
(	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
)	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

PGF2	B-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
was	O
also	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
the	O
outer	O
medulla	O
of	O
jj	O
rats	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
changes	O
in	O
renal	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
were	O
accompanied	O
by	O
evidence	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
jj	O
but	O
not	O
jJ	O
rats	O
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
:	O
increased	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
hematuria	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
;	O
increased	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
increase	O
in	O
outer	O
medullary	O
histopathologic	O
lesions	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
compared	O
to	O
either	O
sham	O
-	O
treated	O
jj	O
or	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
jJ	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
enhanced	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
contributes	O
to	O
maintenance	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
and	O
morphological	O
integrity	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
inhibition	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
pathological	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
medullary	I-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
and	O
deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

Prophylactic	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
suspected	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Four	O
hundred	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
suspected	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
seen	O
within	O
6	O
hours	O
of	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
symptoms	O
entered	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
randomized	O
trial	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
vs	O
placebo	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
1	O
hour	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
or	O
sustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
among	O
the	O
204	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
low	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
.	O

Lidocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
given	O
in	O
a	O
300	O
mg	O
dose	O
intramuscularly	O
followed	O
by	O
100	O
mg	O
intravenously	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
sustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
,	O
although	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
warning	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
between	O
15	O
and	O
45	O
minutes	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
plasma	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
level	O
10	O
minutes	O
after	O
administration	O
for	O
patients	O
without	O
a	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
that	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
an	O
acute	O
infarction	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
mean	O
plasma	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
level	O
of	O
patients	O
on	O
beta	O
-	O
blocking	O
agents	O
was	O
no	O
different	O
from	O
that	O
in	O
patients	O
not	O
on	O
beta	O
blocking	O
agents	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
1	O
-	O
hour	O
study	O
period	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
side	O
effects	O
was	O
significantly	O
greater	O
in	O
the	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
hypotension	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
11	O
patients	O
,	O
nine	O
of	O
whom	O
had	O
received	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
four	O
patients	O
died	O
from	O
asystole	B-Disease
,	O
three	O
of	O
whom	O
had	O
had	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
cannot	O
advocate	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
prophylactically	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
hours	O
of	O
suspected	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Evidence	O
for	O
a	O
cholinergic	O
role	O
in	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

Experiments	O
in	O
mice	O
tested	O
previous	O
evidence	O
that	O
activation	O
of	O
cholinergic	O
systems	O
promotes	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
and	O
that	O
cholinergic	O
mechanisms	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
intact	O
for	O
full	O
expression	O
of	O
neuroleptic	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

Large	O
doses	O
of	O
the	O
cholinomimetic	O
,	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
could	O
induce	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
when	O
peripheral	O
cholinergic	O
receptors	O
were	O
blocked	O
.	O

Low	O
doses	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
caused	O
a	O
pronounced	O
enhancement	O
of	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
that	O
was	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
dopaminergic	O
blocker	O
,	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
muscarinic	O
receptor	O
blocker	O
,	O
atropine	B-Chemical
,	O
disrupted	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

Intracranial	O
injection	O
of	O
an	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
synthesis	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
hemicholinium	B-Chemical
,	O
prevented	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
that	O
is	O
usually	O
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
that	O
is	O
produced	O
by	O
neuroleptics	B-Chemical
such	O
as	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
is	O
actually	O
mediated	O
by	O
intrinsic	O
central	O
cholinergic	O
systems	O
.	O

Alternatively	O
,	O
activation	O
of	O
central	O
cholinergic	O
systems	O
could	O
promote	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
by	O
suppression	O
of	O
dopaminergic	O
systems	O
.	O

Cardiovascular	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
to	O
sodium	B-Chemical
pentobarbital	I-Chemical
induced	O
by	O
chronic	O
barium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
ingestion	O
.	O

Barium	B-Chemical
-	O
supplemented	O
Long	O
-	O
Evans	O
hooded	O
rats	O
were	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
persistent	O
hypertension	B-Disease
that	O
was	O
evident	O
after	O
1	O
month	O
of	O
barium	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
micrograms	O
/	O
ml	O
mineral	O
fortified	O
water	O
)	O
treatment	O
.	O

Analysis	O
of	O
in	O
vivo	O
myocardial	O
excitability	O
,	O
contractility	O
,	O
and	O
metabolic	O
characteristics	O
at	O
16	O
months	O
revealed	O
other	O
significant	O
barium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
disturbances	B-Disease
within	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
cardiovascular	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
most	O
distinctive	O
aspect	O
of	O
the	O
barium	B-Chemical
effect	O
was	O
a	O
demonstrated	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
system	O
to	O
sodium	B-Chemical
pentobarbital	I-Chemical
.	O

Under	O
barbiturate	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
,	O
virtually	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
myocardial	O
contractile	O
indices	O
were	O
depressed	O
significantly	O
in	O
barium	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
rats	O
relative	O
to	O
the	O
corresponding	O
control	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
similar	O
response	O
to	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
xylazine	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
actions	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
pentobarbital	I-Chemical
in	O
barium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
were	O
linked	O
specifically	O
to	O
this	O
anesthetic	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
not	O
representative	O
of	O
a	O
generalized	O
anesthetic	O
response	O
.	O

Other	O
myocardial	O
pathophysiologic	O
and	O
metabolic	O
changes	O
induced	O
by	O
barium	B-Chemical
were	O
manifest	O
,	O
irrespective	O
of	O
the	O
anesthetic	O
employed	O
.	O

The	O
contractile	O
element	O
shortening	O
velocity	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
muscle	O
fibers	O
was	O
significantly	O
slower	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
of	O
barium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
relative	O
to	O
the	O
control	O
groups	O
,	O
irrespective	O
of	O
the	O
anesthetic	O
regimen	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
significant	O
disturbances	O
in	O
myocardial	O
energy	O
metabolism	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
the	O
barium	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
rats	O
which	O
were	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
reduced	O
contractile	O
element	O
shortening	O
velocity	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
excitability	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
conduction	O
system	O
was	O
depressed	O
preferentially	O
in	O
the	O
atrioventricular	O
nodal	O
region	O
of	O
hearts	O
from	O
barium	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
rats	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
the	O
altered	O
cardiac	O
contractility	O
and	O
excitability	O
characteristics	O
,	O
the	O
myocardial	O
metabolic	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
system	O
to	O
sodium	B-Chemical
pentobarbital	I-Chemical
suggest	O
the	O
existence	O
of	O
a	O
heretofore	O
undescribed	O
cardiomyopathic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
chronic	O
barium	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

These	O
experimental	O
findings	O
represent	O
the	O
first	O
indication	O
that	O
life	O
-	O
long	O
barium	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
may	O
have	O
significant	O
adverse	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
mammalian	O
cardiovascular	O
system	O
.	O

Propranolol	B-Chemical
antagonism	O
of	O
phenylpropanolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Phenylpropanolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
PPA	B-Chemical
)	O
overdose	B-Disease
can	O
cause	O
severe	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
death	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
PPA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Subjects	O
received	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
either	O
by	O
mouth	O
for	O
48	O
hours	O
before	O
PPA	B-Chemical
or	O
as	O
a	O
rapid	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
after	O
PPA	B-Chemical
.	O

PPA	B-Chemical
,	O
75	O
mg	O
alone	O
,	O
increased	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
31	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
14	O
mm	O
Hg	O
systolic	O
,	O
20	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
mm	O
Hg	O
diastolic	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
antagonized	O
this	O
increase	O
(	O
12	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
mm	O
Hg	O
systolic	O
,	O
10	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
mm	O
Hg	O
diastolic	O
)	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
after	O
PPA	B-Chemical
also	O
decreased	O
blood	O
pressure	O
.	O

Left	O
ventricular	O
function	O
(	O
assessed	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
)	O
showed	O
that	O
PPA	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
stroke	B-Disease
volume	O
30	O
%	O
(	O
from	O
62	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
20	O
.	O
9	O
to	O
80	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
22	O
.	O
4	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
9	O
%	O
(	O
from	O
64	O
%	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
%	O
to	O
70	O
%	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
cardiac	O
output	O
14	O
%	O
(	O
from	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
L	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
reversed	O
these	O
effects	O
.	O

Systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
was	O
increased	O
by	O
PPA	B-Chemical
28	O
%	O
(	O
from	O
1710	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
200	O
to	O
2190	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
700	O
dyne	O
X	O
sec	O
/	O
cm5	O
)	O
and	O
was	O
further	O
increased	O
by	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
22	O
%	O
(	O
to	O
2660	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1200	O
dyne	O
X	O
sec	O
/	O
cm5	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
PPA	B-Chemical
increases	O
blood	O
pressure	O
by	O
increasing	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
and	O
cardiac	O
output	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
antagonizes	O
this	O
increase	O
by	O
reversing	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
PPA	B-Chemical
on	O
cardiac	O
output	O
.	O

That	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
antagonizes	O
the	O
pressor	O
effect	O
of	O
PPA	B-Chemical
is	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
interaction	O
in	O
which	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
enhances	O
the	O
pressor	O
effect	O
of	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
is	O
probably	O
because	O
PPA	B-Chemical
has	O
less	O
beta	O
2	O
activity	O
than	O
does	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

Mesangial	O
function	O
and	O
glomerular	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
with	O
aminonucleoside	B-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
possible	O
relationship	O
between	O
mesangial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
development	O
of	O
glomerular	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
was	O
studied	O
in	O
the	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
model	O
.	O

Five	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
received	O
repeated	O
subcutaneous	O
PAN	B-Chemical
injections	O
;	O
five	O
controls	O
received	O
saline	O
only	O
.	O

After	O
4	O
weeks	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
rats	O
were	O
severely	O
proteinuric	B-Disease
(	O
190	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
80	O
mg	O
/	O
24	O
hr	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
rats	O
were	O
given	O
colloidal	O
carbon	B-Chemical
(	O
CC	O
)	O
intravenously	O
.	O

At	O
5	O
months	O
glomerular	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
glomeruli	O
of	O
PAN	B-Chemical
rats	O
;	O
glomeruli	O
of	O
the	O
controls	O
were	O
normal	O
.	O

Glomeruli	O
of	O
PAN	B-Chemical
rats	O
contained	O
significantly	O
more	O
CC	O
than	O
glomeruli	O
of	O
controls	O
.	O

Glomeruli	O
with	O
sclerosis	B-Disease
contained	O
significantly	O
more	O
CC	O
than	O
non	O
-	O
sclerotic	O
glomeruli	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
kidneys	O
.	O

CC	O
was	O
preferentially	O
localized	O
within	O
the	O
sclerotic	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
affected	O
glomeruli	O
.	O

Since	O
mesangial	O
CC	O
clearance	O
from	O
the	O
mesangium	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
during	O
chronic	O
PAN	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
we	O
conclude	O
that	O
this	O
preferential	O
CC	O
localization	O
within	O
the	O
lesions	O
is	O
caused	O
by	O
an	O
increased	O
CC	O
uptake	O
shortly	O
after	O
injection	O
in	O
apparent	O
vulnerable	O
areas	O
where	O
sclerosis	B-Disease
will	O
develop	O
subsequently	O
.	O

Cluster	O
analysis	O
showed	O
a	O
random	O
distribution	O
of	O
lesions	O
in	O
the	O
PAN	B-Chemical
glomeruli	O
in	O
concordance	O
with	O
the	O
random	O
localization	O
of	O
mesangial	O
areas	O
with	O
dysfunction	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

Similar	O
to	O
the	O
remnant	O
kidney	O
model	O
in	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
the	O
development	O
of	O
glomerular	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
"	O
mesangial	O
overloading	O
.	O
"	O

Relationship	O
between	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
hippocampal	O
nicotinic	O
receptors	O
.	O

A	O
controversy	O
has	O
existed	O
for	O
several	O
years	O
concerning	O
the	O
physiological	O
relevance	O
of	O
the	O
nicotinic	O
receptor	O
measured	O
by	O
alpha	O
-	O
bungarotoxin	O
binding	O
.	O

Using	O
mice	O
derived	O
from	O
a	O
classical	O
F2	O
and	O
backcross	O
genetic	O
design	O
,	O
a	O
relationship	O
between	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
bungarotoxin	O
nicotinic	O
receptor	O
concentration	O
was	O
found	O
.	O

Mice	O
sensitive	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
had	O
greater	O
alpha	O
-	O
bungarotoxin	O
binding	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
than	O
seizure	B-Disease
insensitive	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
binding	O
sites	O
from	O
seizure	B-Disease
sensitive	O
and	O
resistant	O
mice	O
were	O
equally	O
affected	O
by	O
treatment	O
with	O
dithiothreitol	B-Chemical
,	O
trypsin	O
or	O
heat	O
.	O

Thus	O
it	O
appears	O
that	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
seizure	B-Disease
sensitive	O
and	O
insensitive	O
animals	O
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
difference	O
in	O
hippocampal	O
nicotinic	O
receptor	O
concentration	O
as	O
measured	O
with	O
alpha	O
-	O
bungarotoxin	O
binding	O
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminophenol	I-Chemical
in	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
:	O
effect	O
of	O
bis	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitrophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
on	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
and	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminophenol	I-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
metabolism	O
in	O
Fischer	O
344	O
rats	O
.	O

Acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
APAP	B-Chemical
)	O
produces	O
proximal	O
tubular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
in	O
Fischer	O
344	O
(	O
F344	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminophenol	I-Chemical
(	O
PAP	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
known	O
potent	O
nephrotoxicant	O
,	O
was	O
identified	O
as	O
a	O
metabolite	O
of	O
APAP	B-Chemical
in	O
F344	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
PAP	B-Chemical
formation	O
is	O
a	O
requisite	O
step	O
in	O
APAP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
bis	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitrophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
(	O
BNPP	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
acylamidase	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
on	O
APAP	B-Chemical
and	O
PAP	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
metabolism	O
was	O
determined	O
.	O

BNPP	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
to	O
8	O
mM	O
)	O
reduced	O
APAP	B-Chemical
deacetylation	O
and	O
covalent	O
binding	O
in	O
F344	O
renal	O
cortical	O
homogenates	O
in	O
a	O
concentration	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

Pretreatment	O
of	O
animals	O
with	O
BNPP	B-Chemical
prior	O
to	O
APAP	B-Chemical
or	O
PAP	B-Chemical
administration	O
resulted	O
in	O
marked	O
reduction	O
of	O
APAP	B-Chemical
(	O
900	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
but	O
not	O
PAP	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
result	O
was	O
not	O
due	O
to	O
altered	O
disposition	O
of	O
either	O
APAP	B-Chemical
or	O
acetylated	O
metabolites	O
in	O
plasma	O
or	O
renal	O
cortical	O
and	O
hepatic	O
tissue	O
.	O

Rather	O
,	O
BNPP	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
reduced	O
the	O
fraction	O
of	O
APAP	B-Chemical
excreted	O
as	O
PAP	B-Chemical
by	O
64	O
and	O
75	O
%	O
after	O
APAP	B-Chemical
doses	O
of	O
750	O
and	O
900	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

BNPP	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
alter	O
the	O
excretion	O
of	O
APAP	B-Chemical
or	O
any	O
of	O
its	O
non	O
-	O
deacetylated	O
metabolites	O
nor	O
did	O
BNPP	B-Chemical
alter	O
excretion	O
of	O
PAP	B-Chemical
or	O
its	O
metabolites	O
after	O
PAP	B-Chemical
doses	O
of	O
150	O
and	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
the	O
BNPP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
reduction	O
in	O
APAP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
appears	O
to	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
inhibition	O
of	O
APAP	B-Chemical
deacetylation	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
PAP	B-Chemical
formation	O
,	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
accounts	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
in	O
part	O
,	O
for	O
APAP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

Morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
newborn	O
infants	O
.	O

Two	O
neonates	O
suffered	O
from	O
generalized	O
seizures	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
intravenous	O
morphine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
for	O
post	O
-	O
operative	O
analgesia	O
.	O

They	O
received	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
doses	O
of	O
32	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
hr	O
and	O
40	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
hr	O
larger	O
than	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
10	O
neonates	O
who	O
received	O
6	O
-	O
24	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
hr	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
these	O
neonates	O
was	O
excessive	O
(	O
60	O
and	O
90	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

Other	O
known	O
reasons	O
for	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
ruled	O
out	O
and	O
the	O
convulsions	B-Disease
stopped	O
a	O
few	O
hours	O
after	O
cessation	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
did	O
not	O
reoccur	O
in	O
the	O
subsequent	O
8	O
months	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
post	O
-	O
operative	O
intravenous	O
morphine	B-Chemical
should	O
not	O
exceed	O
20	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
ml	O
in	O
neonates	O
.	O

Indomethacin	B-Chemical
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
volume	O
depleted	O
rats	O
.	O

After	O
a	O
single	O
oral	O
dose	O
of	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
(	O
IDM	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
volume	O
depleted	O
rats	O
plasma	O
renin	O
activity	O
(	O
PRA	O
)	O
and	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
fell	O
significantly	O
within	O
four	O
hours	O
.	O

In	O
sodium	B-Chemical
repleted	O
animals	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
change	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
although	O
plasma	O
renin	O
activity	O
was	O
decreased	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
by	O
inhibition	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
may	O
diminish	O
the	O
blood	O
pressure	O
maintaining	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
stimulated	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
in	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
volume	O
depletion	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
antiarrhythmic	O
activity	O
of	O
one	O
N	O
-	O
substituted	O
piperazine	B-Chemical
derivative	O
of	O
trans	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amino	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydroanaphthalene	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
antiarrhythmic	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
compound	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
trans	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
naphthyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
oxo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylpropyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
piperazine	I-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
P11	B-Chemical
,	O
is	O
studied	O
on	O
anaesthesized	O
cats	O
and	O
Wistar	O
albino	O
rats	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
on	O
non	O
-	O
anaesthesized	O
rabbits	O
.	O

Four	O
types	O
of	O
experimental	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
are	O
used	O
-	O
-	O
with	O
BaCl2	B-Chemical
,	O
with	O
chloroform	B-Chemical
-	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
,	O
with	O
strophantine	B-Chemical
G	I-Chemical
and	O
with	O
aconitine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
compound	O
P11	B-Chemical
is	O
introduced	O
in	O
doses	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
intravenously	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
orally	O
.	O

The	O
compound	O
manifests	O
antiarrhythmic	O
activity	O
in	O
all	O
models	O
of	O
experimental	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
used	O
,	O
causing	O
greatest	O
inhibition	O
on	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
chloroform	B-Chemical
-	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
in	O
90	O
per	O
cent	O
)	O
and	O
with	O
BaCl2	B-Chemical
(	O
in	O
84	O
per	O
cent	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
obtained	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoblocking	O
and	O
with	O
the	O
membrane	O
-	O
stabilizing	O
action	O
of	O
the	O
compound	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
aminocaproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
.	O

Case	O
report	O
.	O

Epsilon	B-Chemical
aminocaproic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
EACA	B-Chemical
)	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
prevent	O
rebleeding	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
SAH	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Although	O
this	O
agent	O
does	O
decrease	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
rebleeding	O
,	O
several	O
reports	O
have	O
described	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
complications	O
of	O
EACA	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

These	O
complications	O
have	O
included	O
clinical	O
deterioration	O
and	O
intracranial	B-Disease
vascular	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
SAH	B-Disease
,	O
arteriolar	O
and	O
capillary	O
fibrin	O
thrombi	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
fibrinolytic	O
syndromes	O
treated	O
with	O
EACA	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
other	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
phenomena	I-Disease
.	O

Since	O
intravascular	O
fibrin	O
thrombi	B-Disease
are	O
often	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
fibrinolytic	O
disorders	O
,	O
EACA	B-Chemical
should	O
not	O
be	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
fibrin	O
thrombi	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
disseminated	B-Disease
intravascular	I-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
or	O
other	O
"	O
consumption	B-Disease
coagulopathies	I-Disease
.	O
"	O
This	O
report	O
describes	O
subtotal	O
infarction	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
kidney	O
due	O
to	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
a	I-Disease
normal	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
occlusion	O
occurred	O
after	O
EACA	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
SAH	B-Disease
and	O
histopathological	O
documentation	O
of	O
recurrent	O
SAH	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
corresponding	O
clinical	O
event	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
marked	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
abrupt	O
neurological	O
deterioration	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
on	O
Pseudomonas	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
in	O
monkeys	O
.	O

In	O
rhesus	O
monkeys	O
,	O
intravenous	O
challenge	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
10	O
)	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
10	O
)	O
Pseudomonas	O
aeruginosa	O
organisms	O
caused	O
acute	O
illness	O
of	O
4	O
to	O
5	O
days	O
'	O
duration	O
with	O
spontaneous	O
recovery	O
in	O
13	O
of	O
15	O
monkeys	O
;	O
blood	O
cultures	O
became	O
negative	O
3	O
to	O
17	O
days	O
after	O
challenge	O
.	O

Leukocytosis	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
all	O
monkeys	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
or	O
intratracheal	O
inoculation	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
was	O
followed	O
by	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
in	O
4	O
to	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
inoculation	O
of	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
10	O
)	O
to	O
7	O
.	O
8	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
10	O
)	O
pyocin	O
type	O
6	O
Pseudomonas	O
organisms	O
in	O
monkeys	O
given	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
4	O
days	O
previously	O
resulted	O
in	O
fatal	O
infection	B-Disease
in	O
11	O
of	O
14	O
monkeys	O
,	O
whereas	O
none	O
of	O
four	O
receiving	O
Pseudomonas	O
alone	O
died	O
.	O

These	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
an	O
antimetabolite	O
-	O
induced	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
predisposes	O
to	O
severe	O
Pseudomonas	O
sepsis	B-Disease
and	O
that	O
such	O
monkeys	O
may	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
biological	O
model	O
for	O
study	O
of	O
comparative	O
efficacy	O
of	O
antimicrobial	O
agents	O
.	O

Modification	O
by	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
of	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
of	O
induced	O
hypoglycaemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
of	O
hypoglycaemia	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
beta	O
-	O
blockade	O
,	O
were	O
compared	O
in	O
fourteen	O
healthy	O
men	O
.	O

Eight	O
received	O
insulin	O
alone	O
,	O
and	O
eight	O
,	O
including	O
two	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
insulin	O
-	O
only	O
group	O
,	O
were	O
given	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
insulin	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
insulin	O
-	O
group	O
the	O
period	O
of	O
hypoglycaemia	B-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
-	O
rate	O
and	O
a	O
fall	O
in	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
-	O
pressure	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
-	O
insulin	O
group	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
fall	O
in	O
heart	O
-	O
rate	O
in	O
most	O
subjects	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
.	O

Typical	O
S	O
-	O
T	O
/	O
T	O
changes	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
insulin	O
-	O
group	O
but	O
in	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
-	O
insulin	O
group	O
.	O

Hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
diabetics	B-Disease
prone	O
to	O
hypoglycaemia	B-Disease
attacks	O
should	O
not	O
be	O
treated	O
with	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
because	O
these	O
drugs	O
may	O
cause	O
a	O
sharp	O
rise	O
in	O
blood	O
-	O
pressure	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
pregnancy	O
:	O
maternal	O
and	O
fetal	O
outcome	O
.	O

Propranolol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
blocking	O
agent	O
,	O
has	O
found	O
an	O
important	O
position	O
in	O
the	O
practice	O
of	O
medicine	O
.	O

Its	O
use	O
in	O
pregnancy	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
is	O
an	O
open	O
question	O
as	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
detrimental	O
side	O
effects	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
fetus	O
and	O
neonate	O
.	O

Ten	O
patients	O
and	O
12	O
pregnancies	O
are	O
reported	O
where	O
chronic	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
administered	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
with	O
serial	O
pregnancies	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
are	O
also	O
examined	O
.	O

Maternal	O
,	O
fetal	O
,	O
and	O
neonatal	O
complications	O
are	O
examined	O
.	O

An	O
attempt	O
is	O
made	O
to	O
differentiate	O
drug	O
-	O
related	O
complications	O
from	O
maternal	O
disease	O
-	O
-	O
related	O
complications	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
previously	O
reported	O
hypoglycemia	B-Disease
,	O
hyperbilirubinemia	B-Disease
,	O
polycythemia	B-Disease
,	O
neonatal	B-Disease
apnea	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
are	O
not	O
invariable	O
and	O
cannot	O
be	O
statistically	O
correlated	O
with	O
chronic	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Growth	B-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
,	O
however	O
,	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
significant	O
in	O
both	O
of	O
our	O
series	O
.	O

Central	O
excitatory	O
actions	O
of	O
flurazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

Toxic	O
actions	O
of	O
flurazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
FZP	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
cats	O
,	O
mice	O
and	O
rats	O
.	O

High	O
doses	O
caused	O
an	O
apparent	O
central	O
excitation	O
,	O
most	O
clearly	O
seen	O
as	O
clonic	O
convulsions	B-Disease
,	O
superimposed	O
on	O
general	O
depression	B-Disease
.	O

Following	O
a	O
lethal	O
dose	O
,	O
death	O
was	O
always	O
associated	O
with	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Comparing	O
the	O
relative	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
central	O
depression	B-Disease
and	O
excitation	O
revealed	O
that	O
rats	O
were	O
least	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
convulsions	B-Disease
at	O
doses	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
first	O
cause	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
consciousness	I-Disease
,	O
while	O
cats	O
most	O
clearly	O
showed	O
marked	O
central	O
excitatory	O
actions	O
.	O

Signs	O
of	O
FZP	B-Chemical
toxocity	B-Disease
in	O
cats	O
included	O
excessive	O
salivation	B-Disease
,	O
extreme	O
apprehensive	O
behavior	O
,	O
retching	O
,	O
muscle	B-Disease
tremors	I-Disease
and	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

An	O
interaction	O
between	O
FZP	B-Chemical
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	B-Chemical
(	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
shown	O
by	O
pretreating	O
mice	O
with	O
FZP	B-Chemical
before	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
challenge	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
function	O
of	O
dose	O
,	O
FZP	B-Chemical
first	O
protected	O
against	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
death	O
.	O

At	O
higher	O
doses	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
convulsions	B-Disease
again	O
emerged	O
.	O

These	O
doses	O
of	O
FZP	B-Chemical
were	O
lower	O
than	O
those	O
that	O
would	O
alone	O
cause	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
may	O
be	O
relevant	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
FZP	B-Chemical
in	O
clinical	O
situations	O
in	O
which	O
there	O
is	O
increased	O
neural	O
excitability	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
or	O
sedative	O
-	O
hypnotic	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
with	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
who	O
had	O
physiologic	O
and	O
biochemical	O
evidence	O
of	O
severe	O
autonomic	O
dysfunction	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

They	O
all	O
exhibited	O
markedly	O
reduced	O
plasma	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
and	O
plasma	O
renin	O
activity	O
in	O
both	O
recumbent	O
and	O
upright	O
positions	O
and	O
had	O
marked	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
to	O
the	O
pressor	O
effects	O
of	O
infused	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
propanolol	B-Chemical
administered	O
intravenously	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
5	O
mg	O
)	O
produced	O
increases	O
in	O
supine	O
and	O
upright	O
blood	O
pressure	O
in	O
4	O
of	O
the	O
5	O
individuals	O
with	O
rises	O
ranging	O
from	O
11	O
/	O
6	O
to	O
22	O
/	O
11	O
mmHg	O
.	O

Chronic	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
(	O
40	O
-	O
160	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
also	O
elevated	O
the	O
blood	O
pressures	O
of	O
these	O
individuals	O
with	O
increases	O
in	O
the	O
order	O
of	O
20	O
-	O
35	O
/	O
15	O
-	O
25	O
mmg	O
being	O
observed	O
.	O

In	O
1	O
patient	O
,	O
marked	O
hypertension	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
drug	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
withdrawn	O
.	O

It	O
otherwise	O
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
no	O
important	O
side	O
effects	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

Treatment	O
has	O
been	O
continued	O
in	O
3	O
individuals	O
for	O
6	O
-	O
13	O
months	O
with	O
persistence	O
of	O
the	O
pressor	O
effect	O
,	O
although	O
there	O
appears	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
some	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
response	O
with	O
time	O
.	O

Hemodynamic	O
measurements	O
in	O
1	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
total	O
peripheral	O
resistance	O
and	O
essentially	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
cardiac	O
output	O
following	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
useful	O
drug	O
in	O
selected	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

Total	O
intravenous	O
anesthesia	O
with	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
.	O

III	O
.	O

Some	O
observations	O
in	O
adults	O
.	O

An	O
investigation	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
dosage	O
of	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
required	O
to	O
maintain	O
sleep	O
in	O
adults	O
undergoing	O
surgery	O
under	O
regional	O
local	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

Premedication	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
and	O
atropine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
was	O
given	O
,	O
and	O
sleep	O
was	O
induced	O
and	O
maintained	O
by	O
intermittent	O
intravenous	O
injections	O
of	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
1	O
/	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
given	O
whenever	O
the	O
patient	O
would	O
open	O
his	O
eyes	O
on	O
request	O
.	O

A	O
mean	O
overall	O
dose	O
of	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
17	O
.	O
4	O
microgram	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
.	O
was	O
required	O
to	O
maintain	O
sleep	O
,	O
but	O
great	O
individual	O
variation	O
occurred	O
,	O
with	O
older	O
patients	O
requiring	O
less	O
drug	O
.	O

The	O
investigation	O
was	O
discontinued	O
after	O
18	O
patients	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
frequency	O
and	O
intensity	O
of	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
,	O
particularly	O
pain	B-Disease
and	O
myoclonia	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
caused	O
the	O
technique	O
to	O
be	O
abandoned	O
in	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
considered	O
unlikely	O
that	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
will	O
prove	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
hypnotic	O
of	O
choice	O
for	O
a	O
totally	O
intravenous	O
anesthetic	O
technique	O
in	O
adults	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
myoclonia	B-Disease
after	O
prolonged	O
administration	O
.	O

In	O
several	O
patients	O
uncontrollable	O
muscle	O
movements	O
persisted	O
for	O
many	O
minutes	O
after	O
complete	O
recovery	O
of	O
consciousness	O
.	O

Evidence	O
for	O
cardiac	O
beta	O
2	O
-	O
adrenoceptors	O
in	O
man	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
single	O
doses	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
(	O
cardioselective	O
)	O
,	O
40	O
mg	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
(	O
nonselective	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
placebo	O
on	O
both	O
exercise	O
-	O
and	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
two	O
experiments	O
involving	O
nine	O
normal	O
subjects	O
.	O

Maximal	O
exercise	O
heart	O
rate	O
was	O
reduced	O
from	O
187	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
(	O
SEM	O
)	O
after	O
placebo	O
to	O
146	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
bpm	O
after	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
and	O
138	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
bpm	O
after	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
tachycardia	B-Disease
were	O
determined	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
atropine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
IV	O
)	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
sensitivity	O
was	O
determined	O
as	O
the	O
intravenous	O
dose	O
that	O
increased	O
heart	O
rate	O
by	O
25	O
bpm	O
(	O
CD25	O
)	O
and	O
this	O
was	O
increased	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
micrograms	O
after	O
placebo	O
to	O
38	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
3	O
micrograms	O
after	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
8	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
micrograms	O
after	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
was	O
significant	O
.	O

After	O
atropine	B-Chemical
the	O
CD25	O
was	O
unchanged	O
after	O
placebo	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
micrograms	O
)	O
and	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
(	O
7	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
micrograms	O
)	O
;	O
it	O
was	O
reduced	O
after	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
(	O
24	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
micrograms	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
remained	O
different	O
from	O
atenolol	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
change	O
with	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
sensitivity	O
was	O
calculated	O
as	O
the	O
apparent	O
Ka	O
,	O
this	O
was	O
unchanged	O
by	O
atropine	B-Chemical
(	O
11	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
and	O
10	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
ml	O
/	O
ng	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
exercise	O
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
results	O
largely	O
from	O
beta	O
1	O
-	O
receptor	O
activation	O
that	O
is	O
blocked	O
by	O
both	O
cardioselective	O
and	O
nonselective	O
drugs	O
,	O
whereas	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
activates	O
both	O
beta	O
1	O
-	O
and	O
beta	O
2	O
-	O
receptors	O
so	O
that	O
after	O
cardioselective	O
blockade	O
there	O
remains	O
a	O
beta	O
2	O
-	O
component	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
blocked	O
with	O
a	O
nonselective	O
drug	O
.	O

While	O
there	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
beta	O
2	O
-	O
receptors	O
in	O
the	O
human	O
heart	O
,	O
their	O
physiologic	O
or	O
pathologic	O
roles	O
remain	O
to	O
be	O
defined	O
.	O

Hormones	O
and	O
risk	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
paper	O
reports	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
a	O
study	O
of	O
50	O
menopausal	O
women	O
receiving	O
hormonal	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
(	O
29	O
)	O
had	O
surgical	O
menopause	O
;	O
their	O
mean	O
age	O
was	O
45	O
.	O
7	O
years	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
progestins	B-Chemical
could	O
equilibrate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
estrogenic	O
stimulation	O
on	O
the	O
mammary	O
and	O
endometrial	O
target	O
tissues	O
of	O
women	O
on	O
hormonal	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
treatment	O
schedule	O
consisted	O
of	O
conjugated	B-Chemical
estrogens	I-Chemical
(	O
Premarin	B-Chemical
)	O
1	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
21	O
days	O
and	O
Medroxyprogesterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
in	O
each	O
month	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
treatment	O
period	O
was	O
18	O
months	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
,	O
attention	O
was	O
paid	O
to	O
breast	O
modifications	O
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
symptomatology	O
,	O
physical	O
examination	O
,	O
and	O
plate	O
thermography	O
.	O

Mastodynia	B-Disease
was	O
reported	O
by	O
21	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
physical	O
examination	O
revealed	O
a	O
light	O
increase	O
in	O
breast	O
firmness	O
in	O
12	O
women	O
and	O
a	O
moderate	O
increase	O
in	O
breast	O
nodularity	O
in	O
2	O
women	O
.	O

Themography	O
confirmed	O
the	O
existence	O
of	O
an	O
excessive	O
breast	O
stimulation	O
in	O
1	O
women	O
who	O
complained	O
of	O
moderate	O
mastodynia	B-Disease
and	O
in	O
5	O
of	O
the	O
7	O
women	O
who	O
complained	O
of	O
severe	O
mastodynia	B-Disease
.	O

Normalization	O
was	O
obtained	O
by	O
halving	O
the	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
dose	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
hormonal	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
can	O
be	O
safely	O
prescribed	O
if	O
the	O
following	O
criteria	O
are	O
satisfied	O
:	O
1	O
)	O
preliminary	O
evaluation	O
of	O
patients	O
from	O
a	O
clinical	O
,	O
metabolic	O
,	O
cytologic	O
,	O
and	O
mammographic	O
perspective	O
;	O
2	O
)	O
cyclic	O
treatment	O
schedule	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
progestative	O
phase	O
of	O
10	O
days	O
;	O
and	O
3	O
)	O
periodic	O
complete	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
,	O
with	O
accurate	O
thermographic	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
breast	O
target	O
tissues	O
.	O

Early	O
infections	B-Disease
in	O
kidney	O
,	O
heart	O
,	O
and	O
liver	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
on	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
.	O

Eighty	O
-	O
one	O
renal	O
,	O
seventeen	O
heart	O
,	O
and	O
twenty	O
-	O
four	O
liver	O
transplant	O
patients	O
were	O
followed	O
for	O
infection	B-Disease
.	O

Seventeen	O
renal	O
patients	O
received	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
(	O
Aza	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
randomized	O
trial	O
of	O
immunosuppression	O
with	O
21	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
-	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
renal	O
transplant	O
patients	O
.	O

All	O
others	O
received	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
randomized	O
Aza	B-Chemical
patients	O
had	O
more	O
overall	O
infections	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
more	O
nonviral	O
infections	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
than	O
the	O
randomized	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
patients	O
.	O

Heart	O
and	O
liver	O
patients	O
had	O
more	O
infections	B-Disease
than	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
renal	O
patients	O
but	O
fewer	O
infections	B-Disease
than	O
the	O
Aza	B-Chemical
renal	O
patients	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
infectious	O
deaths	O
in	O
renal	O
transplant	O
patients	O
on	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
or	O
Aza	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
infection	B-Disease
played	O
a	O
major	O
role	O
in	O
3	O
out	O
of	O
6	O
cardiac	O
transplant	O
deaths	O
and	O
in	O
8	O
out	O
of	O
9	O
liver	O
transplant	O
deaths	O
.	O

Renal	O
patients	O
on	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
had	O
the	O
fewest	O
bacteremias	B-Disease
.	O

Analysis	O
of	O
site	O
of	O
infection	B-Disease
showed	O
a	O
preponderance	O
of	O
abdominal	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
in	O
liver	O
patients	O
,	O
intrathoracic	O
infections	B-Disease
in	O
heart	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
urinary	B-Disease
tract	I-Disease
infections	I-Disease
in	O
renal	O
patients	O
.	O

Pulmonary	O
infections	B-Disease
were	O
less	O
common	O
in	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
renal	O
patients	O
than	O
in	O
Aza	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Aza	B-Chemical
patients	O
had	O
significantly	O
more	O
staphylococcal	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
than	O
all	O
other	O
transplant	O
groups	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
systemic	O
fungal	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
occurred	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
liver	O
transplant	O
group	O
.	O

Cytomegalovirus	O
(	O
CMV	O
)	O
shedding	O
or	O
serological	O
rises	O
in	O
antibody	O
titer	O
,	O
or	O
both	O
occurred	O
in	O
78	O
%	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
patients	O
and	O
76	O
%	O
of	O
Aza	B-Chemical
patients	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
patients	O
,	O
15	O
%	O
had	O
symptoms	O
related	O
to	O
CMV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

Serological	O
evidence	O
for	O
Epstein	B-Disease
Barr	I-Disease
Virus	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
65	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
patients	O
studied	O
.	O

Three	O
had	O
associated	O
symptoms	O
,	O
and	O
one	O
developed	O
a	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
.	O

Structure	O
-	O
activity	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
effect	O
relationships	O
of	O
the	O
antagonism	O
of	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
by	O
cholecystokinin	B-Chemical
,	O
fragments	O
and	O
analogues	O
of	O
cholecystokinin	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Intraperitoneal	O
administration	O
of	O
cholecystokinin	B-Chemical
octapeptide	I-Chemical
sulphate	O
ester	O
(	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	O
SE	O
)	O
and	O
nonsulphated	O
cholecystokinin	B-Chemical
octapeptide	I-Chemical
(	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	O
NS	O
)	O
enhanced	O
the	O
latency	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Experiments	O
with	O
N	O
-	O
and	O
C	O
-	O
terminal	O
fragments	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
C	O
-	O
terminal	O
tetrapeptide	O
(	O
CCK	O
-	O
5	O
-	O
8	O
)	O
was	O
the	O
active	O
centre	O
of	O
the	O
CCK	O
octapeptide	O
molecule	O
.	O

The	O
analogues	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	O
SE	O
and	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	O
NS	O
(	O
dose	O
range	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
4	O
mumol	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
caerulein	B-Chemical
dose	O
range	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
mumol	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
showed	O
bell	O
-	O
shaped	O
dose	O
-	O
effect	O
curves	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
greatest	O
maximum	O
inhibition	O
for	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	O
NS	O
.	O

The	O
peptide	O
CCK	O
-	O
5	O
-	O
8	O
had	O
weak	O
anticonvulsant	O
activity	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
the	O
octapeptides	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
mumol	O
/	O
kg	O
and	O
larger	O
doses	O
of	O
the	O
reference	O
drug	O
,	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
totally	O
prevented	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
mortality	O
.	O

The	O
maximum	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
peptides	O
tested	O
was	O
less	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

Experiments	O
with	O
analogues	O
and	O
derivatives	O
of	O
CCK	O
-	O
5	O
-	O
8	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
the	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
alanyl	O
derivatives	O
of	O
CCK	O
-	O
5	O
-	O
8	O
were	O
enhanced	O
and	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
equipotent	O
with	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	O
SE	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
CCK	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
8	O
analogues	O
,	O
Ser	O
(	O
SO3H	O
)	O
7	O
-	O
Ac	O
-	O
CCK	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
8	O
-	O
SE	O
and	O
Thr	O
(	O
SO3H	O
)	O
7	O
-	O
Ac	O
-	O
CCK	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
8	O
-	O
SE	O
and	O
Hyp	O
(	O
SO3H	O
)	O
-	O
Ac	O
-	O
CCK	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
8	O
-	O
SE	O
were	O
slightly	O
more	O
active	O
than	O
CCK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
8	I-Chemical
-	O
SE	O
.	O

Vasopressin	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
possible	O
contributor	O
to	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
vasopressin	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
pressor	O
agent	O
to	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
process	O
was	O
examined	O
.	O

Vasopressin	B-Chemical
plays	O
a	O
major	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
DOCA	B-Chemical
-	O
salt	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
since	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
not	O
substantial	O
in	O
the	O
rats	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
diabetes	B-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
after	O
DOCA	B-Chemical
-	O
salt	O
treatment	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
DDAVP	B-Chemical
which	O
has	O
antidiuretic	O
action	O
but	O
minimal	O
vasopressor	O
effect	O
failed	O
to	O
increase	O
blood	O
pressure	O
to	O
the	O
levels	O
observed	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
AVP	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
pressor	O
action	O
of	O
vasopressin	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
be	O
important	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
this	O
model	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
since	O
the	O
enhanced	O
pressor	O
responsiveness	O
to	O
the	O
hormone	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
initial	O
stage	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Increased	O
secretion	O
of	O
vasopressin	B-Chemical
from	O
neurohypophysis	O
also	O
promotes	O
the	O
function	O
of	O
the	O
hormone	O
as	O
a	O
pathogenetic	O
factor	O
in	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

An	O
unproportional	O
release	O
of	O
vasopressin	B-Chemical
compared	O
to	O
plasma	O
osmolality	O
may	O
be	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
an	O
adjusting	O
control	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	O
forming	O
and	O
receptor	O
binding	O
capacity	O
for	O
sodium	B-Chemical
balance	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
vasopressin	B-Chemical
remains	O
to	O
be	O
determined	O
in	O
human	O
essential	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Toxic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
alcoholic	O
.	O

A	O
reversible	O
toxic	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
alcoholic	O
woman	O
treated	O
with	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
causative	O
relationship	O
was	O
proven	O
by	O
challenge	O
.	O

Atrial	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
involving	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
F	O
-	O
344	O
rats	O
ingesting	O
quinacrine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
.	O

Quinacrine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
is	O
toxic	O
for	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
F	O
-	O
344	O
rats	O
.	O

Rats	O
treated	O
with	O
500	O
ppm	O
quinacrine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
diet	O
all	O
developed	O
a	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
left	O
atrial	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
lesion	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
and	O
dilatation	O
and	O
focal	O
myocardial	B-Disease
degeneration	I-Disease
.	O

Rats	O
died	O
from	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
with	O
severe	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
congestion	O
of	O
the	O
lungs	O
,	O
liver	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
organs	O
.	O

Seventy	O
percent	O
of	O
rats	O
given	O
250	O
ppm	O
quinacrine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
and	O
1	O
,	O
000	O
ppm	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitrite	I-Chemical
simultaneously	O
in	O
the	O
diet	O
had	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
atria	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
,	O
while	O
untreated	O
control	O
rats	O
in	O
this	O
laboratory	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
atrial	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
nitrite	I-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
quinacrine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
appeared	O
to	O
have	O
no	O
additional	O
effect	O
.	O

Alternating	B-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
rhythm	I-Disease
and	O
intermittent	O
sinoatrial	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
.	O

Alternating	B-Disease
sinus	I-Disease
rhythm	I-Disease
and	O
intermittent	O
sinoatrial	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
S	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
A	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
a	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
,	O
under	O
treatment	O
for	O
angina	B-Disease
with	O
80	O
mg	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
daily	O
.	O

The	O
electrocardiogram	O
showed	O
alternation	O
of	O
long	O
and	O
short	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
intervals	O
and	O
occasional	O
pauses	O
.	O

These	O
pauses	O
were	O
always	O
preceded	O
by	O
the	O
short	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
intervals	O
and	O
were	O
usually	O
followed	O
by	O
one	O
or	O
two	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
intervals	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
92	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
95	O
s	O
representing	O
the	O
basic	O
sinus	O
cycle	O
.	O

Following	O
these	O
basic	O
sinus	O
cycles	O
,	O
alternating	B-Disease
rhythm	I-Disease
started	O
with	O
the	O
longer	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
interval	O
.	O

The	O
long	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
intervals	O
ranged	O
between	O
1	O
.	O
04	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
12	O
s	O
and	O
the	O
short	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
intervals	O
between	O
0	O
.	O
80	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
84	O
s	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
pauses	O
were	O
equal	O
or	O
almost	O
equal	O
to	O
one	O
short	O
plus	O
one	O
long	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
interval	O
or	O
to	O
twice	O
the	O
basic	O
sinus	O
cycle	O
.	O

In	O
one	O
recording	O
a	O
short	O
period	O
of	O
regular	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
with	O
intermittent	O
2	O
/	O
1	O
S	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
A	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
.	O

This	O
short	O
period	O
of	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
was	O
interrupted	O
by	O
sudden	O
prolongation	O
of	O
the	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
interval	O
starting	O
the	O
alternative	O
rhythm	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
small	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
shape	O
of	O
the	O
P	O
waves	O
and	O
P	O
-	O
R	O
intervals	O
.	O

S	O
-	O
A	O
conduction	O
through	O
two	O
pathways	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
with	O
2	O
/	O
1	O
block	O
the	O
second	O
having	O
0	O
.	O
12	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
14	O
s	O
longer	O
conduction	O
time	O
and	O
with	O
occasional	O
2	O
/	O
1	O
block	O
was	O
proposed	O
for	O
the	O
explanation	O
of	O
the	O
alternating	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
interval	O
and	O
other	O
electrocardiographic	O
features	O
seen	O
.	O

Atropine	B-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
given	O
intravenously	O
resulted	O
in	O
shortening	O
of	O
all	O
P	O
-	O
P	O
intervals	O
without	O
changing	O
the	O
rhythm	O
.	O

The	O
abnormal	O
rhythm	O
disappeared	O
with	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
and	O
when	O
the	O
drug	O
was	O
restarted	O
a	O
2	O
/	O
1	O
S	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
A	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
was	O
seen	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
accepted	O
as	O
evidence	O
for	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
being	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
this	O
conduction	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Antitumor	O
effect	O
,	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
IgM	O
solid	O
immunocytoma	B-Disease
-	O
bearing	O
LOU	O
/	O
M	O
/	O
WSL	O
rat	O
.	O

Antitumor	O
activity	O
,	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
were	O
studied	O
in	O
LOU	O
/	O
M	O
/	O
WSL	O
inbred	O
rats	O
each	O
bearing	O
a	O
transplantable	O
solid	O
IgM	O
immunocytoma	B-Disease
.	O

Animals	O
with	O
a	O
tumor	B-Disease
(	O
diameter	O
,	O
15	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
mm	O
)	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
iv	O
injections	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
on	O
5	O
consecutive	O
days	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
1	O
weekly	O
injection	O
for	O
7	O
weeks	O
(	O
dose	O
range	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
015	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
wt	O
)	O
.	O

Tumor	B-Disease
regression	O
was	O
observed	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Complete	O
disappearance	O
of	O
the	O
tumor	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
with	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Histologic	O
evidence	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
scored	O
as	O
grade	O
III	O
was	O
only	O
observed	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Light	O
microscopic	O
evidence	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
was	O
seen	O
above	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
/	O
kg	O
,	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
albuminuria	B-Disease
and	O
very	O
low	O
serum	O
albumin	O
levels	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
group	O
that	O
received	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
/	O
kg	O
,	O
the	O
serum	O
albumin	O
level	O
decreased	O
from	O
33	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
liter	O
.	O

Ascites	B-Disease
and	O
hydrothorax	B-Disease
were	O
observed	O
simultaneously	O
.	O

The	O
same	O
experiments	O
were	O
performed	O
with	O
non	O
-	O
tumor	B-Disease
-	O
bearing	O
rats	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
no	O
major	O
differences	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
,	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
were	O
studied	O
simultaneously	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
LOU	O
/	O
M	O
/	O
WSL	O
rat	O
.	O

Albuminuria	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
led	O
to	O
extremely	O
low	O
serum	O
albumin	O
levels	O
,	O
so	O
ascites	B-Disease
and	O
hydrothorax	B-Disease
were	O
not	O
necessarily	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
the	O
observed	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Intraoperative	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
timolol	B-Chemical
and	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
eye	O
drops	O
.	O

A	O
69	O
-	O
yr	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
concurrently	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
nitrate	I-Chemical
and	O
timolol	B-Chemical
maleate	I-Chemical
eye	O
drops	O
,	O
developed	O
a	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
became	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
during	O
halothane	B-Chemical
anaesthesia	O
.	O

Both	O
timolol	B-Chemical
and	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
were	O
subsequently	O
identified	O
in	O
a	O
24	O
-	O
h	O
collection	O
of	O
urine	O
.	O

Timolol	B-Chemical
(	O
but	O
not	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
a	O
sample	O
of	O
plasma	O
removed	O
during	O
surgery	O
;	O
the	O
plasma	O
concentration	O
of	O
timolol	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
ng	O
ml	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
was	O
consistent	O
with	O
partial	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
blockade	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
postulated	O
that	O
this	O
action	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
enhanced	O
during	O
halothane	B-Chemical
anaesthesia	O
with	O
resultant	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Pilocarpine	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
had	O
a	O
contributory	O
effect	O
.	O

Succinylcholine	B-Chemical
apnoea	B-Disease
:	O
attempted	O
reversal	O
with	O
anticholinesterases	O
.	O

Anticholinesterases	O
were	O
administered	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
antagonize	O
prolonged	O
neuromuscular	B-Disease
blockade	I-Disease
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
patient	O
later	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
homozygous	O
for	O
atypical	O
plasma	O
cholinesterase	O
.	O

Edrophonium	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
,	O
given	O
74	O
min	O
after	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
,	O
when	O
train	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
four	O
stimulation	O
was	O
characteristic	O
of	O
phase	O
II	O
block	O
,	O
produced	O
partial	O
antagonism	O
which	O
was	O
not	O
sustained	O
.	O

Repeated	O
doses	O
of	O
edrophonium	B-Chemical
to	O
70	O
mg	O
and	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
to	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
did	O
not	O
antagonize	O
or	O
augment	O
the	O
block	O
.	O

Spontaneous	O
respiration	O
recommenced	O
200	O
min	O
after	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
anticholinesterases	O
are	O
only	O
partially	O
effective	O
in	O
restoring	O
neuromuscular	O
function	O
in	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
apnoea	B-Disease
despite	O
muscle	O
twitch	O
activity	O
typical	O
of	O
phase	O
II	O
block	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
on	O
[	B-Chemical
omega	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
I	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
131	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
heptadecanoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
myocardial	O
scintigraphy	O
and	O
echocardiography	O
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
serial	O
treatment	O
with	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
on	O
dynamic	O
myocardial	O
scintigraphy	O
with	O
[	B-Chemical
omega	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
I	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
131	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
heptadecanoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
I	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
131	I-Chemical
HA	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
global	O
left	O
-	O
ventricular	O
function	O
determined	O
echocardiographically	O
,	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
nine	O
mongrel	O
dogs	O
.	O

Total	O
extractable	O
myocardial	O
lipid	O
was	O
compared	O
postmortem	O
between	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
control	O
dogs	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
dogs	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
and	O
then	O
progressive	O
fall	O
in	O
global	O
LV	O
function	O
was	O
observed	O
at	O
a	O
cumulative	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
dose	O
of	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
myocardial	O
t1	O
/	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
I	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
131	I-Chemical
HA	I-Chemical
was	O
observed	O
only	O
at	O
a	O
higher	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
,	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
alteration	O
in	O
total	O
extractable	O
myocardial	O
lipids	O
was	O
observed	O
between	O
control	O
dogs	O
and	O
those	O
treated	O
with	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
changes	O
leading	O
to	O
an	O
alteration	O
of	O
myocardial	O
dynamic	O
imaging	O
with	O
I	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
131	I-Chemical
HA	I-Chemical
are	O
not	O
the	O
initiating	O
factor	O
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Hemodynamics	O
and	O
myocardial	O
metabolism	O
under	O
deliberate	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

An	O
experimental	O
study	O
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

Coronary	O
blood	O
flow	O
,	O
cardiac	O
work	O
and	O
metabolism	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
dogs	O
under	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
(	O
SNP	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
trimetaphan	B-Chemical
(	O
TMP	B-Chemical
)	O
deliberate	O
hypotension	B-Disease
(	O
20	O
%	O
and	O
40	O
%	O
mean	O
pressure	O
decrease	O
from	O
baseline	O
)	O
.	O

Regarding	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
on	O
coronary	O
blood	O
flow	O
,	O
aortic	O
and	O
coronary	O
sinus	O
metabolic	O
data	O
(	O
pH	O
,	O
pO2	O
,	O
pCO2	O
)	O
we	O
could	O
confirm	O
that	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
hypotension	B-Disease
could	O
be	O
safely	O
used	O
to	O
30	O
%	O
mean	O
blood	O
pressure	O
decrease	O
from	O
control	O
,	O
trimetaphan	B-Chemical
hypotension	B-Disease
to	O
20	O
%	O
mean	O
blood	O
pressure	O
decrease	O
.	O

Cardiac	O
work	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
during	O
SNP	B-Chemical
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Myocardial	O
O2	B-Chemical
consumption	O
and	O
O2	B-Chemical
availability	O
were	O
directly	O
dependent	O
on	O
the	O
coronary	O
perfusion	O
.	O

Careful	O
invasive	O
monitoring	O
of	O
the	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
blood	O
gases	O
and	O
of	O
the	O
ECG	O
ST	O
-	O
T	O
segment	O
is	O
mandatory	O
.	O

Evidence	O
for	O
a	O
selective	O
brain	O
noradrenergic	O
involvement	O
in	O
the	O
locomotor	O
stimulant	O
effects	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Male	O
rats	O
received	O
the	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
neurotoxin	O
DSP4	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
7	O
days	O
prior	O
to	O
injection	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amphetamine	I-Chemical
(	O
10	O
or	O
40	O
mumol	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amphetamine	I-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mumol	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
by	O
DSP4	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
increased	O
rearings	O
and	O
the	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
stereotypies	B-Disease
were	O
not	O
blocked	O
by	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
DSP4	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
reduction	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
DSP4	B-Chemical
was	O
blocked	O
by	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
the	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
uptake	O
blocking	O
agent	O
,	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
prevents	O
the	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
action	O
of	O
DSP4	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
present	O
results	O
suggest	O
a	O
selective	O
involvement	O
of	O
central	O
noradrenergic	O
neurones	O
in	O
the	O
locomotor	O
stimulant	O
effect	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Accelerated	B-Disease
junctional	I-Disease
rhythms	I-Disease
during	O
oral	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
examined	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
atrioventricular	O
(	O
AV	O
)	O
dissociation	O
and	O
accelerated	B-Disease
junctional	I-Disease
rhythms	I-Disease
in	O
59	O
patients	O
receiving	O
oral	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
.	O

Accelerated	B-Disease
junctional	I-Disease
rhythms	I-Disease
and	O
AV	O
dissociation	O
were	O
frequent	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
supraventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmias	I-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
AV	O
nodal	O
reentry	O
.	O

Verapamil	B-Chemical
administration	O
to	O
these	O
patients	O
led	O
to	O
an	O
asymptomatic	O
increase	O
in	O
activity	O
of	O
these	O
junctional	O
pacemakers	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
various	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
syndromes	O
,	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
neither	O
increased	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
junctional	O
rhythms	O
nor	O
suppressed	O
their	O
role	O
as	O
escape	O
rhythms	O
under	O
physiologically	O
appropriate	O
circumstances	O
.	O

Interstrain	O
variation	O
in	O
acute	O
toxic	O
response	O
to	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
among	O
inbred	O
mice	O
.	O

Acute	O
toxic	O
dosage	O
-	O
dependent	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
were	O
compared	O
in	O
adult	O
males	O
from	O
seven	O
inbred	O
mouse	O
strains	O
(	O
A	O
/	O
J	O
,	O
BALB	O
/	O
cJ	O
,	O
CBA	O
/	O
J	O
,	O
C3H	O
/	O
HeJ	O
,	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6J	O
,	O
DBA	O
/	O
2J	O
,	O
SWR	O
/	O
J	O
)	O
.	O

C57BL	O
/	O
6J	O
,	O
chosen	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
prototypic	O
"	O
mouse	O
strain	O
,	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
determine	O
behavioral	O
responses	O
to	O
a	O
broad	O
range	O
(	O
5	O
-	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
doses	O
.	O

Five	O
phenotypic	O
characteristics	O
-	O
-	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
,	O
righting	O
ability	O
,	O
clonic	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
induction	O
,	O
stress	O
-	O
induced	O
lethality	O
,	O
death	O
without	O
external	O
stress	O
-	O
-	O
were	O
scored	O
at	O
various	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
doses	O
in	O
drug	O
-	O
naive	O
animals	O
under	O
empirically	O
optimized	O
,	O
rigidly	O
constant	O
experimental	O
conditions	O
.	O

Mice	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
for	O
each	O
point	O
)	O
received	O
single	O
IP	O
injections	O
of	O
a	O
fixed	O
volume	O
/	O
g	O
body	O
weight	O
of	O
physiological	O
saline	O
carrier	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
doses	O
ranging	O
from	O
125	O
-	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Loss	O
of	O
righting	O
ability	O
was	O
scored	O
at	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
5	O
min	O
post	O
dosing	O
and	O
at	O
5	O
min	O
intervals	O
thereafter	O
for	O
20	O
min	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
same	O
animals	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
clonic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
was	O
scored	O
as	O
to	O
time	O
of	O
onset	O
and	O
severity	O
for	O
20	O
min	O
after	O
drug	O
administration	O
.	O

When	O
these	O
proceeded	O
to	O
tonic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
,	O
death	O
occurred	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
20	O
min	O
.	O

Animals	O
surviving	O
for	O
20	O
min	O
were	O
immediately	O
stressed	O
by	O
a	O
swim	O
test	O
in	O
25	O
degrees	O
C	O
water	O
,	O
and	O
death	O
-	O
producing	O
tonic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
were	O
scored	O
for	O
2	O
min	O
.	O

In	O
other	O
animals	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
was	O
measured	O
15	O
or	O
60	O
min	O
after	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

By	O
any	O
single	O
behavioral	O
criterion	O
or	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
these	O
criteria	O
,	O
marked	O
differences	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
toxic	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
doses	O
were	O
observed	O
between	O
strains	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
behavioral	O
toxicity	B-Disease
testing	O
of	O
alkylxanthines	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
single	O
mouse	O
strain	O
may	O
be	O
misleading	O
and	O
suggest	O
that	O
toxic	O
responses	O
of	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
to	O
this	O
class	O
of	O
compounds	O
are	O
genetically	O
influenced	O
in	O
mammals	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
with	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
platinum	I-Chemical
,	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
,	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
and	O
hexamethylmelamine	B-Chemical
.	O

During	O
the	O
last	O
2	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
years	O
,	O
38	O
patients	O
with	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
cisplatinum	B-Chemical
(	O
CPDD	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
,	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
,	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
on	O
day	O
1	O
;	O
and	O
hexamethylmelamine	B-Chemical
(	O
HMM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
6	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
daily	O
,	O
for	O
14	O
days	O
.	O

Each	O
course	O
was	O
repeated	O
monthly	O
.	O

2	O
patients	O
had	O
stage	O
II	O
,	O
14	O
stage	O
III	O
and	O
22	O
stage	O
IV	O
disease	O
.	O

14	O
of	O
the	O
38	O
patients	O
were	O
previously	O
treated	O
with	O
chemotherapy	O
,	O
1	O
with	O
radiation	O
,	O
6	O
with	O
both	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
radiation	O
,	O
and	O
17	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
any	O
treatment	O
before	O
CPDD	B-Chemical
combination	O
.	O

31	O
of	O
the	O
38	O
cases	O
(	O
81	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
demonstrated	O
objective	O
responses	O
lasting	O
for	O
2	O
months	O
or	O
more	O
.	O

These	O
responses	O
were	O
partial	O
in	O
19	O
and	O
complete	O
in	O
12	O
cases	O
.	O

Hematologic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
moderate	O
and	O
with	O
reversible	O
anemia	B-Disease
developing	O
in	O
71	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Gastrointestinal	O
side	O
effects	O
from	O
CPDD	B-Chemical
were	O
universal	O
.	O

HMM	B-Chemical
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
necessitated	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
in	O
5	O
patients	O
.	O

Severe	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
2	O
patients	O
but	O
was	O
reversible	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
drug	O
-	O
related	O
deaths	O
.	O

Nontraumatic	O
dissecting	B-Disease
aneurysm	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
basilar	O
artery	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
nontraumatic	O
dissecting	B-Disease
aneurysm	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
basilar	O
artery	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
smoke	O
,	O
and	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
is	O
reported	O
in	O
a	O
young	O
female	O
patient	O
with	O
a	O
locked	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
method	O
for	O
the	O
measurement	O
of	O
tremor	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
a	O
comparison	O
of	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
tocolytic	O
beta	O
-	O
mimetics	O
.	O

A	O
method	O
permitting	O
measurement	O
of	O
finger	O
tremor	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
displacement	O
-	O
time	O
curve	O
is	O
described	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
test	O
system	O
with	O
simple	O
amplitude	O
calibration	O
.	O

The	O
coordinates	O
of	O
the	O
inversion	O
points	O
of	O
the	O
displacement	O
-	O
time	O
curves	O
were	O
transferred	O
through	O
graphical	O
input	O
equipment	O
to	O
punched	O
tape	O
.	O

By	O
means	O
of	O
a	O
computer	O
program	O
,	O
periods	O
and	O
amplitudes	O
of	O
tremor	B-Disease
oscillations	O
were	O
calculated	O
and	O
classified	O
.	O

The	O
event	O
frequency	O
for	O
each	O
class	O
of	O
periods	O
and	O
amplitudes	O
was	O
determined	O
.	O

The	O
actions	O
of	O
fenoterol	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydrobromide	I-Chemical
,	O
ritodrin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
given	O
to	O
10	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
by	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
study	O
were	O
tested	O
by	O
this	O
method	O
.	O

At	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
both	O
substances	O
raised	O
the	O
mean	O
tremor	B-Disease
amplitude	O
to	O
about	O
three	O
times	O
the	O
control	O
level	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
period	O
within	O
each	O
class	O
of	O
amplitudes	O
shortened	O
by	O
10	O
-	O
-	O
20	O
ms	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
mean	O
periods	O
calculated	O
from	O
all	O
oscillations	O
together	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
significantly	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
fenoterol	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydrobromide	I-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
tremor	B-Disease
amplitudes	O
decreased	O
significantly	O
faster	O
than	O
those	O
following	O
ritodrin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatic	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
observed	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
case	O
is	O
of	O
an	O
acute	O
type	O
of	O
damage	O
,	O
proven	O
by	O
rechallenge	O
;	O
the	O
second	O
presents	O
a	O
clinical	O
and	O
histologic	O
picture	O
resembling	O
chronic	B-Disease
active	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
spontaneous	O
remission	O
.	O

Studies	O
on	O
the	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
bepridil	B-Chemical
.	O

Bepridil	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
novel	O
active	O
compound	O
for	O
prophylactic	O
treatment	O
of	O
anginal	B-Disease
attacks	I-Disease
,	O
induced	O
persistent	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
specific	O
anti	O
-	O
tachycardial	B-Disease
effect	O
,	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
which	O
were	O
investigated	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

In	O
vitro	O
perfusion	O
of	O
bepridil	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
life	O
-	O
support	O
medium	O
for	O
isolated	O
sino	O
-	O
atrial	O
tissue	O
from	O
rabbit	O
heart	O
,	O
caused	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
action	O
potential	O
(	O
AP	O
)	O
spike	O
frequency	O
(	O
recorded	O
by	O
KCl	B-Chemical
microelectrodes	O
)	O
starting	O
at	O
doses	O
of	O
5	O
X	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
6	O
)	O
M	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
was	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
up	O
to	O
concentrations	O
of	O
5	O
X	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
M	O
,	O
whereupon	O
blockade	O
of	O
sinus	O
activity	O
set	O
in	O
.	O

Bepridil	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
5	O
X	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
6	O
)	O
M	O
,	O
induced	O
a	O
concomitant	O
reduction	O
in	O
AP	O
amplitude	O
(	O
falling	O
from	O
71	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
mV	O
to	O
47	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
mV	O
)	O
,	O
maximum	O
systolic	O
depolarization	O
velocity	O
(	O
phase	O
0	O
)	O
which	O
fell	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
85	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
35	O
V	O
/	O
s	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
84	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
28	O
V	O
/	O
s	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
maximum	O
diastolic	O
depolarization	O
velocity	O
(	O
phase	O
4	O
)	O
which	O
fell	O
from	O
38	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
mV	O
/	O
s	O
to	O
24	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
mV	O
/	O
s	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
injection	O
of	O
bepridil	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
into	O
6	O
anaesthetized	O
dogs	O
which	O
had	O
undergone	O
ablation	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
extrinsic	O
cardiac	O
afferent	O
nerve	O
supply	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
bilateral	O
medullo	O
-	O
adrenalectomy	O
,	O
caused	O
a	O
marked	O
reduction	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
which	O
fell	O
from	O
98	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
beats	O
/	O
min	O
to	O
76	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
beats	O
/	O
min	O
sustained	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
45	O
min	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
bepridil	B-Chemical
reduces	O
heart	O
rate	O
by	O
acting	O
directly	O
on	O
the	O
sinus	O
node	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
,	O
which	O
results	O
in	O
a	O
flattening	O
of	O
the	O
phase	O
0	O
and	O
phase	O
4	O
slope	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
longer	O
AP	O
duration	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
time	O
constants	O
of	O
slow	O
inward	O
ionic	O
currents	O
(	O
already	O
demonstrated	O
elsewhere	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
to	O
an	O
increased	O
time	O
constant	O
for	O
deactivation	O
of	O
the	O
outward	O
potassium	B-Chemical
current	O
(	O
Ip	O
)	O
.	O

Hepatitis	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
after	O
anesthesia	O
with	O
methoxyflurane	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
69	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
operated	O
for	O
acute	B-Disease
cholecystitis	I-Disease
under	O
methoxyflurane	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
developed	O
postoperatively	O
a	O
hepatic	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
.	O

Massive	O
bleeding	B-Disease
appeared	O
during	O
surgery	O
which	O
lasted	O
for	O
six	O
hours	O
.	O

Postoperative	O
evolution	O
under	O
supportive	O
therapy	O
was	O
favourable	O
.	O

Complete	O
recovery	O
was	O
confirmed	O
by	O
repeated	O
controls	O
performed	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
one	O
year	O
after	O
surgery	O
.	O

Pituitary	O
response	O
to	O
luteinizing	O
hormone	O
-	O
releasing	O
hormone	O
during	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
on	O
serum	O
prolactin	O
and	O
luteinizing	O
hormone	O
(	O
LH	O
)	O
levels	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
male	O
subjects	O
.	O

Five	O
hours	O
after	O
starting	O
the	O
infusions	O
,	O
a	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
pituitary	O
responses	O
to	O
LH	O
-	O
releasing	O
hormone	O
(	O
LH	O
-	O
RH	O
)	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
.	O

Control	O
patients	O
received	O
infusions	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
NaCl	B-Chemical
solution	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
infusions	O
,	O
significant	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
an	O
abolished	O
pituitary	O
response	O
to	O
LH	O
-	O
RH	O
,	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
responses	O
of	O
control	O
subjects	O
.	O

Antirifampicin	O
antibodies	O
in	O
acute	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

5	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
3	O
with	O
thrombopenia	B-Disease
and	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
)	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
reintroduction	O
of	O
rifampicin	B-Chemical
are	O
described	O
.	O

No	O
correlation	O
was	O
found	O
between	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
clinical	O
manifestations	O
and	O
the	O
total	O
dose	O
taken	O
by	O
the	O
patients	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
but	O
1	O
patient	O
,	O
antirifampicin	O
antibodies	O
were	O
detected	O
.	O

Antibodies	O
suggested	O
to	O
be	O
of	O
the	O
IgM	O
class	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
all	O
3	O
patients	O
with	O
hematological	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
pattern	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
specific	O
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
found	O
in	O
the	O
2	O
biopsied	O
patients	O
,	O
indistinguishable	O
from	O
that	O
of	O
ischemic	O
origin	O
,	O
raised	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
a	O
vascular	O
-	O
mediated	O
damage	O
.	O

In	O
3	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
a	O
triggering	O
immunoallergic	O
mechanism	O
is	O
discussed	O
.	O

Cardiovascular	O
effects	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
triphosphate	I-Chemical
and	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
on	O
dogs	O
with	O
denervated	O
hearts	O
.	O

Adenosine	B-Chemical
triphosphate	I-Chemical
(	O
ATP	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
(	O
SNP	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
administered	O
to	O
patients	O
to	O
induce	O
and	O
control	O
hypotension	B-Disease
during	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

SNP	B-Chemical
is	O
authorized	O
for	O
clinical	O
use	O
in	O
USA	O
and	O
UK	O
,	O
and	O
ATP	B-Chemical
is	O
clinically	O
used	O
in	O
other	O
countries	O
such	O
as	O
Japan	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
how	O
these	O
two	O
drugs	O
act	O
on	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
systems	O
of	O
20	O
dogs	O
whose	O
hearts	O
had	O
been	O
denervated	O
by	O
a	O
procedure	O
we	O
had	O
devised	O
.	O

ATP	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
dogs	O
)	O
or	O
SNP	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
dogs	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
reduce	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
by	O
30	O
%	O
to	O
70	O
%	O
of	O
control	O
.	O

Before	O
,	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
measured	O
major	O
cardiovascular	O
parameters	O
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
ATP	B-Chemical
was	O
accompanied	O
by	O
significant	O
decreases	O
in	O
mean	O
pulmonary	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
central	O
venous	O
pressure	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
left	O
ventricular	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
total	O
peripheral	O
resistance	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rate	O
pressure	O
product	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
total	O
body	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
;	O
all	O
these	O
variables	O
returned	O
normal	O
within	O
30	O
min	O
after	O
ATP	B-Chemical
was	O
stopped	O
.	O

Cardiac	O
output	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
.	O

During	O
hypotension	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
SNP	B-Chemical
similar	O
decreases	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
mean	O
pulmonary	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
central	O
venous	O
pressure	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
left	O
ventricular	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
total	O
peripheral	O
resistance	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rate	O
pressure	O
product	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
content	O
difference	O
between	O
arterial	O
and	O
mixed	O
venous	O
blood	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
heart	O
rate	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
cardiac	O
output	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
were	O
increased	O
.	O

Recoveries	O
of	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
left	O
ventricular	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
were	O
not	O
shown	O
within	O
60	O
min	O
after	O
SNP	B-Chemical
had	O
been	O
stopped	O
.	O

Both	O
ATP	B-Chemical
and	O
SNP	B-Chemical
should	O
act	O
on	O
the	O
pacemaker	O
tissue	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

Comparative	O
study	O
:	O
Endografine	B-Chemical
(	O
diatrizoate	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
Vasurix	B-Chemical
polyvidone	I-Chemical
(	O
acetrizoate	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
Dimer	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
X	I-Chemical
(	O
iocarmate	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
Hexabrix	B-Chemical
(	O
ioxaglate	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
hysterosalpingography	O
.	O

Side	O
effects	O
of	O
hysterosalpingography	O
with	O
Dimer	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
X	I-Chemical
,	O
Hexabrix	B-Chemical
,	O
Vasurix	B-Chemical
polyvidone	I-Chemical
and	O
Endografine	B-Chemical
in	O
142	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
,	O
receiving	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
tested	O
media	O
were	O
evaluated	O
from	O
replies	O
to	O
postal	O
questionnaires	O
.	O

The	O
Dimer	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
X	I-Chemical
group	O
had	O
a	O
higher	O
incidence	O
of	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
dizziness	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
Endografine	B-Chemical
group	O
had	O
a	O
higher	O
incidence	O
of	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
differences	O
occur	O
especially	O
in	O
the	O
age	O
groups	O
under	O
30	O
years	O
.	O

Hexabrix	B-Chemical
and	O
Vasurix	B-Chemical
polyvidone	I-Chemical
are	O
considered	O
the	O
best	O
contrast	B-Chemical
media	I-Chemical
for	O
hysterosalpingography	O
and	O
perhaps	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
low	O
toxicity	B-Disease
Hexabrix	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
preferred	O
.	O

Post	O
-	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
pains	B-Disease
in	O
Nigerian	O
surgical	O
patients	O
.	O

Contrary	O
to	O
an	O
earlier	O
report	O
by	O
Coxon	O
,	O
scoline	B-Chemical
pain	B-Disease
occurs	O
in	O
African	O
negroes	O
.	O

Its	O
incidence	O
was	O
determined	O
in	O
a	O
prospective	O
study	O
involving	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
100	O
Nigerian	O
patients	O
(	O
50	O
out	O
-	O
patients	O
and	O
50	O
in	O
-	O
patients	O
)	O
.	O

About	O
62	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
out	O
-	O
patients	O
developed	O
scoline	B-Chemical
pain	B-Disease
as	O
compared	O
with	O
about	O
26	O
%	O
among	O
the	O
in	O
-	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
abolition	O
of	O
muscle	O
fasciculations	B-Disease
(	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
075mg	O
/	O
kg	O
dose	O
of	O
Fazadinium	B-Chemical
)	O
did	O
not	O
influence	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
scoline	B-Chemical
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Neither	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
induction	O
agent	O
(	O
Althesin	B-Chemical
or	O
Thiopentone	B-Chemical
)	O
nor	O
the	O
salt	O
preparation	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
used	O
(	O
chloride	B-Chemical
or	O
bromide	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
affected	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
scoline	B-Chemical
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Invasive	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
pelvis	I-Disease
following	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
nonmalignant	O
disease	O
.	O

A	O
47	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
right	O
hydroureteronephrosis	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
ureterovesical	O
junction	O
obstruction	O
had	O
gross	O
hematuria	B-Disease
after	O
being	O
treated	O
for	O
five	O
years	O
wtih	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
for	O
cerebral	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
right	O
nephroureterectomy	O
was	O
required	O
for	O
control	O
of	O
bleeding	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
pathology	O
specimen	O
contained	O
clinically	O
occult	O
invasive	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
pelvis	I-Disease
.	O

Although	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
to	O
cause	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
and	O
urine	O
cytologic	O
abnormalities	O
indistinguishable	O
from	O
high	O
grade	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
is	O
well	O
known	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
less	O
widely	O
appreciated	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
associated	O
with	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
urinary	I-Disease
tract	I-Disease
.	O

Twenty	O
carcinomas	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
urinary	I-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
and	O
one	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
prostate	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
its	O
use	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
case	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
pelvis	I-Disease
reported	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
the	O
third	O
urinary	B-Disease
tract	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
reported	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
nonmalignant	O
disease	O
.	O

The	O
association	O
of	O
the	O
tumor	B-Disease
with	O
preexisting	O
hydroureteronephrosis	B-Disease
suggests	O
that	O
stasis	O
prolonged	O
and	O
intensified	O
exposure	O
of	O
upper	O
urinary	O
tract	O
epithelium	O
to	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
candidates	O
for	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
should	O
be	O
routinely	O
evaluated	O
for	O
obstructive	B-Disease
uropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Medial	O
changes	O
in	O
arterial	O
spasm	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
norepinephrine	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
normal	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
media	O
of	O
small	O
arteries	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mm	O
in	O
diameter	O
)	O
previously	O
was	O
shown	O
to	O
contain	O
intracellular	O
vacuoles	O
,	O
identified	O
ultrastructurally	O
as	O
herniations	O
of	O
one	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cell	O
into	O
another	O
.	O

The	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
intense	O
vasoconstriction	O
would	O
increase	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
such	O
vacuoles	O
has	O
been	O
tested	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
media	O
of	O
the	O
saphenous	O
artery	O
and	O
its	O
distal	O
branch	O
,	O
vasoconstriction	O
induced	O
by	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
norepinephrine	I-Chemical
produced	O
many	O
cell	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
cell	O
hernias	B-Disease
within	O
15	O
minutes	O
.	O

At	O
1	O
day	O
their	O
number	O
was	O
reduced	O
to	O
about	O
1	O
/	O
10	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
number	O
.	O

By	O
7	O
days	O
the	O
vessel	O
was	O
almost	O
restored	O
to	O
normal	O
.	O

Triple	O
stimulation	O
over	O
1	O
day	O
induced	O
more	O
severe	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
media	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
are	O
susceptible	O
to	O
damage	O
in	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
their	O
specific	O
function	O
.	O

The	O
experimental	O
data	O
are	O
discussed	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
medial	O
changes	O
observed	O
in	O
other	O
instances	O
of	O
arterial	O
spasm	B-Disease
.	O

Endothelial	O
changes	O
that	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
experimental	O
model	O
were	O
described	O
in	O
a	O
previous	O
paper	O
.	O

Bilateral	O
retinal	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
choriocapillaris	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
following	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
acting	O
corticosteroid	B-Chemical
suspensions	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
drugs	O
:	O
I	O
.	O

Clinical	O
studies	O
.	O

Two	O
well	O
-	O
documented	O
cases	O
of	O
bilateral	O
retinal	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
choriocapillaris	I-Disease
occlusions	I-Disease
with	O
blindness	B-Disease
following	O
head	O
and	O
neck	O
soft	O
-	O
tissue	O
injection	O
with	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
are	O
reported	O
.	O

One	O
case	O
had	O
only	O
a	O
unilateral	O
injection	O
.	O

The	O
acute	O
observations	O
included	O
hazy	O
sensorium	O
,	O
superior	O
gaze	O
palsy	B-Disease
,	O
pupillary	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
conjunctival	O
hemorrhages	B-Disease
with	O
edema	B-Disease
.	O

Follow	O
-	O
up	O
changes	O
showed	O
marked	O
visual	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
constricted	O
visual	O
fields	O
,	O
optic	O
nerve	O
pallor	O
,	O
vascular	O
attenuation	O
,	O
and	O
chorioretinal	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
literature	O
is	O
reviewed	O
,	O
and	O
possible	O
causes	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Abnormalities	O
of	O
the	O
pupil	O
and	O
visual	O
-	O
evoked	O
potential	O
in	O
quinine	B-Chemical
amblyopia	B-Disease
.	O

Total	O
blindness	B-Disease
with	O
a	O
transient	O
tonic	B-Disease
pupillary	I-Disease
response	O
,	O
denervation	O
supersensitivity	O
,	O
and	O
abnormal	O
visual	O
-	O
evoked	O
potentials	O
developed	O
in	O
a	O
54	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
after	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
quinine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
for	O
leg	B-Disease
cramps	I-Disease
.	O

He	O
later	O
recovered	O
normal	O
visual	O
acuity	O
.	O

A	O
transient	O
tonic	B-Disease
pupillary	I-Disease
response	O
,	O
denervation	O
supersensitivity	O
,	O
and	O
abnormal	O
visual	O
-	O
evoked	O
potentials	O
in	O
quinine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
to	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
previously	O
reported	O
.	O

Suxamethonium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
jaw	B-Disease
stiffness	I-Disease
and	O
myalgia	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
atypical	O
cholinesterase	O
:	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

An	O
11	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
was	O
given	O
halothane	B-Chemical
,	O
nitrous	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
and	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
,	O
pancuronium	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
and	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
for	O
induction	O
of	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

In	O
response	O
to	O
this	O
a	O
marked	O
jaw	B-Disease
stiffness	I-Disease
occurred	O
which	O
lasted	O
for	O
two	O
minutes	O
and	O
the	O
anaesthesia	O
were	O
terminated	O
.	O

Four	O
hours	O
of	O
apnoea	B-Disease
ensued	O
and	O
he	O
suffered	O
generalized	O
severe	O
myalgia	B-Disease
lasting	O
for	O
one	O
week	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
atypical	O
plasma	O
cholinesterase	O
with	O
a	O
dibucaine	B-Chemical
number	O
of	O
12	O
,	O
indicating	O
homozygocity	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
verified	O
by	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
family	O
.	O

The	O
case	O
shows	O
that	O
prolonged	B-Disease
jaw	I-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
and	O
myalgia	B-Disease
may	O
occur	O
after	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
atypical	O
cholinesterase	O
despite	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
pancuronium	B-Chemical
.	O

Indomethacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
in	O
three	O
patients	O
with	O
gouty	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
three	O
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
severe	O
,	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
developed	O
after	O
treatment	O
of	O
acute	O
gouty	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
with	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
complication	O
may	O
result	O
from	O
an	O
inhibition	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
and	O
consequent	O
hyporeninemic	B-Disease
hypoaidosteronism	I-Disease
.	O

Careful	O
attention	O
to	O
renal	O
function	O
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
balance	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
or	O
other	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
agents	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
those	O
patients	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
or	O
preexisting	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
will	O
help	O
prevent	O
this	O
potentially	O
serious	O
complication	O
.	O

Etomidate	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
foreshortened	O
clinical	O
trial	O
.	O

A	O
clinical	O
evaluation	O
of	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
for	O
outpatient	O
cystoscopy	O
was	O
embarked	O
upon	O
.	O

Unpremedicated	O
patients	O
were	O
given	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
1	O
microgram	O
/	O
kg	O
followed	O
by	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Anaesthesia	O
was	O
maintained	O
with	O
intermittent	O
etomidate	B-Chemical
in	O
2	O
-	O
4	O
mg	O
doses	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
interviewed	O
personally	O
later	O
the	O
same	O
day	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
questionnaire	O
three	O
to	O
four	O
weeks	O
later	O
.	O

The	O
trial	O
was	O
discontinued	O
after	O
20	O
cases	O
because	O
of	O
an	O
unacceptable	O
incidence	O
of	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Venous	O
pain	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
68	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
and	O
50	O
%	O
had	O
redness	O
,	O
pain	B-Disease
or	O
swelling	B-Disease
related	O
to	O
the	O
injection	O
site	O
,	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
lasting	O
up	O
to	O
three	O
weeks	O
after	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

Skeletal	O
movements	O
occurred	O
in	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
;	O
30	O
%	O
experienced	O
respiratory	B-Disease
upset	I-Disease
,	O
one	O
sufficiently	O
severe	O
to	O
necessitate	O
abandoning	O
the	O
technique	O
.	O

Nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
40	O
%	O
and	O
25	O
%	O
had	O
disturbing	O
emergence	O
psychoses	B-Disease
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
are	O
improved	O
by	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
evaluated	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
motor	B-Disease
disability	I-Disease
and	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
seven	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
responsive	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
after	O
an	O
acute	O
challenge	O
with	O
the	O
mixed	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
,	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
twice	O
per	O
day	O
)	O
for	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
days	O
.	O

After	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
47	O
%	O
improvement	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
without	O
modification	O
of	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
motor	B-Disease
disability	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
were	O
reduced	O
predominantly	O
in	O
the	O
lower	O
limbs	O
during	O
the	O
onset	O
and	O
disappearance	O
of	O
dystonic	B-Disease
dyskinesias	I-Disease
(	O
onset	O
-	O
and	O
end	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
dose	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
upper	O
limbs	O
during	O
choreic	B-Disease
mid	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
dose	I-Disease
dyskinesias	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
increased	O
brain	O
serotoninergic	O
transmission	O
with	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
may	O
reduce	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
or	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	O
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
without	O
aggravating	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
motor	B-Disease
disability	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
large	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
study	O
of	O
trimethoprim	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sulfamethoxazole	I-Chemical
,	O
trimethoprim	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
cephalexin	B-Chemical
for	O
uncommon	O
serious	O
drug	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
conducted	O
a	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
45	O
-	O
day	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
study	O
of	O
232	O
,	O
390	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
prescribed	O
trimethoprim	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sulfamethoxazole	I-Chemical
(	O
TMP	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
SMZ	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
266	O
,	O
951	O
prescribed	O
trimethoprim	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
and	O
196	O
,	O
397	O
prescribed	O
cephalexin	B-Chemical
,	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
serious	O
liver	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
skin	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
resulting	O
in	O
referral	O
or	O
hospitalization	O
associated	O
with	O
these	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
were	O
based	O
on	O
information	O
recorded	O
on	O
office	O
computers	O
by	O
selected	O
general	O
practitioners	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
clinical	O
records	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
clinically	O
important	O
idiopathic	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
was	O
similar	O
for	O
persons	O
prescribed	O
TMP	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
SMZ	I-Chemical
(	O
5	O
.	O
2	O
/	O
100	O
,	O
000	O
)	O
and	O
those	O
prescribed	O
trimethoprim	B-Chemical
alone	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
/	O
100	O
,	O
000	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
for	O
those	O
prescribed	O
cephalexin	B-Chemical
was	O
somewhat	O
lower	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
/	O
100	O
,	O
000	O
)	O
.	O

Only	O
five	O
patients	O
experienced	O
blood	O
disorders	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
whom	O
was	O
exposed	O
to	O
TMP	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
SMZ	I-Chemical
;	O
of	O
seven	O
with	O
erythema	B-Disease
multiforme	I-Disease
and	O
Stevens	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Johnson	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
four	O
were	O
exposed	O
to	O
TMP	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
SMZ	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
one	O
case	O
of	O
toxic	B-Disease
epidermal	I-Disease
necrolysis	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
took	O
cephalexin	B-Chemical
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
only	O
five	O
cases	O
of	O
acute	O
parenchymal	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
occurred	O
,	O
none	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
a	O
study	O
drug	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
the	O
serious	O
diseases	O
studied	O
is	O
small	O
for	O
the	O
three	O
agents	O
,	O
and	O
compares	O
reasonably	O
with	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
many	O
other	O
antibiotics	O
.	O

Clinical	O
safety	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
MI	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
A	O
retrospective	O
,	O
multicenter	O
study	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
nine	O
university	O
,	O
university	O
-	O
affiliated	O
,	O
or	O
community	O
hospitals	O
during	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
(	O
total	O
of	O
117	O
cumulative	O
hospital	O
-	O
years	O
)	O
.	O

PARTICIPANTS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
MI	B-Disease
who	O
received	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Of	O
29	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
MI	B-Disease
,	O
no	O
patient	O
died	O
;	O
exhibited	O
bradydysrhythmias	B-Disease
,	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
;	O
or	O
experienced	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
%	O
to	O
11	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Despite	O
theoretical	O
concerns	O
that	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
may	O
enhance	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
MI	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
significant	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Experimental	O
progressive	O
muscular	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
and	O
its	O
treatment	O
with	O
high	O
doses	O
anabolizing	O
agents	O
.	O

We	O
are	O
still	O
a	O
long	O
way	O
from	O
discovering	O
an	O
unequivocal	O
pathogenetic	O
interpretation	O
of	O
progressive	O
muscular	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
in	O
man	O
.	O

Noteworthy	O
efforts	O
have	O
been	O
made	O
in	O
the	O
experimental	O
field	O
;	O
a	O
recessive	O
autosomic	O
form	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
mouse	O
seems	O
to	O
bear	O
the	O
closest	O
resemblance	O
to	O
the	O
human	O
form	O
from	O
the	O
genetic	O
point	O
of	O
view	O
.	O

Myopathy	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
lack	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
and	O
myopathy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
certain	O
viruses	O
have	O
much	O
in	O
common	O
anatomically	O
and	O
pathologically	O
with	O
the	O
human	O
form	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
induced	O
myodystrophy	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
by	O
giving	O
it	O
a	O
diet	O
lacking	O
in	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
pharmacological	O
characteristics	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
degenerative	O
changes	O
brought	O
about	O
by	O
its	O
deficiency	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
the	O
muscles	O
,	O
are	O
illustrated	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
thus	O
confirmed	O
that	O
the	O
histological	O
characteristics	O
of	O
myopathic	B-Disease
rat	O
muscle	O
induced	O
experimentally	O
are	O
extraordinarily	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
human	O
myopathy	B-Disease
as	O
confirmed	O
during	O
biopsies	O
performed	O
at	O
the	O
Orthopaedic	O
Traumatological	O
Centre	O
,	O
Florence	O
.	O

The	O
encouraging	O
results	O
obtained	O
in	O
various	O
authoratative	O
departments	O
in	O
myopathic	B-Disease
patients	O
by	O
using	O
anabolizing	O
steroids	B-Chemical
have	O
encouraged	O
the	O
authors	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
of	O
one	O
anabolizing	O
agent	O
(	O
Dianabol	B-Chemical
,	O
CIBA	B-Chemical
)	O
at	O
high	O
doses	O
in	O
rats	O
rendered	O
myopathic	B-Disease
by	O
a	O
diet	O
deficient	O
in	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
this	O
way	O
they	O
obtained	O
appreciable	O
changes	O
in	O
body	O
weight	O
(	O
increased	O
from	O
50	O
to	O
70	O
g	O
after	O
forty	O
days	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
5	O
mg	O
per	O
day	O
of	O
anabolizing	O
agent	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
most	O
of	O
all	O
they	O
found	O
histological	O
changes	O
due	O
to	O
"	O
regenerative	O
"	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
muscle	O
tissue	O
,	O
which	O
however	O
maintained	O
its	O
myopathic	B-Disease
characteristics	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
animals	O
that	O
were	O
not	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
anabolizing	O
agent	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
conclude	O
by	O
affirming	O
the	O
undoubted	O
efficacy	O
of	O
the	O
anabolizing	O
steroids	B-Chemical
in	O
experimental	O
myopathic	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
they	O
have	O
reservations	O
as	O
to	O
the	O
transfer	O
of	O
the	O
results	O
into	O
the	O
human	O
field	O
,	O
where	O
high	O
dosage	O
cannot	O
be	O
carried	O
out	O
continuously	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
on	O
virility	O
;	O
because	O
the	O
tissue	O
injury	O
too	O
often	O
occurs	O
at	O
an	O
irreversible	O
stage	O
vis	O
-	O
a	O
-	O
vis	O
the	O
"	O
regeneration	O
"	O
of	O
the	O
muscle	O
tissue	O
;	O
and	O
finally	O
because	O
the	O
dystrophic	O
injurious	O
agent	O
is	O
certainly	O
not	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
but	O
something	O
as	O
yet	O
unknown	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
3	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
given	O
alone	O
and	O
combined	O
with	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
:	O
preliminary	O
results	O
of	O
dose	O
-	O
escalation	O
trials	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
Taxol	B-Chemical
;	O
Bristol	O
-	O
Myers	O
Squibb	O
Company	O
,	O
Princeton	O
,	O
NJ	O
)	O
by	O
3	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
was	O
combined	O
with	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
phase	O
I	O
/	O
II	O
study	O
directed	O
to	O
patients	O
with	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
small	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Carboplatin	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
at	O
a	O
fixed	O
target	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
concentration	O
-	O
time	O
curve	O
of	O
6	O
.	O
0	O
by	O
the	O
Calvert	O
formula	O
,	O
whereas	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
was	O
escalated	O
in	O
patient	O
cohorts	O
from	O
150	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
(	O
dose	O
level	O
I	O
)	O
to	O
175	O
,	O
200	O
,	O
225	O
,	O
and	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

The	O
225	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
level	O
was	O
expanded	O
for	O
the	O
phase	O
II	O
study	O
since	O
the	O
highest	O
level	O
achieved	O
(	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
)	O
required	O
modification	O
because	O
of	O
nonhematologic	O
toxicities	B-Disease
(	O
arthralgia	B-Disease
and	O
sensory	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Therapeutic	O
effects	O
were	O
noted	O
at	O
all	O
dose	O
levels	O
,	O
with	O
objective	O
responses	O
in	O
17	O
(	O
two	O
complete	O
and	O
15	O
partial	O
regressions	O
)	O
of	O
41	O
previously	O
untreated	O
patients	O
.	O

Toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
cohort	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
a	O
phase	O
I	O
trial	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
alone	O
at	O
identical	O
dose	O
levels	O
.	O

Carboplatin	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
add	O
to	O
the	O
hematologic	B-Disease
toxicities	I-Disease
observed	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
/	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
combination	O
could	O
be	O
dosed	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
effect	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
on	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
well	O
compensated	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
.	O

Misoprostol	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
micrograms	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
acutely	O
counteract	O
the	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
well	O
compensated	O
cirrhotic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
the	O
prophylactic	O
value	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
was	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
.	O

Parameters	O
of	O
renal	O
hemodynamics	O
and	O
tubular	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
water	O
handling	O
were	O
assessed	O
by	O
clearance	O
techniques	O
in	O
26	O
well	O
compensated	O
cirrhotic	B-Disease
patients	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
an	O
oral	O
combination	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
of	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
and	O
various	O
doses	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
200	O
-	O
micrograms	O
dose	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
totally	O
abolish	O
the	O
deleterious	O
renal	O
effects	O
of	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
800	O
-	O
micrograms	O
dose	O
resulted	O
in	O
significant	O
worsening	O
of	O
renal	O
hemodynamics	O
and	O
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
.	O

These	O
changes	O
were	O
maximal	O
in	O
the	O
hour	O
immediately	O
after	O
medications	O
and	O
slowly	O
returned	O
toward	O
base	O
-	O
line	O
levels	O
thereafter	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
renal	O
protective	O
effects	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
is	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
until	O
this	O
apparent	O
ability	O
of	O
200	O
micrograms	O
of	O
misoprostol	B-Chemical
to	O
prevent	O
the	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
on	O
renal	O
function	O
is	O
confirmed	O
with	O
chronic	O
frequent	O
dosing	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
prudent	O
to	O
avoid	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
therapy	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
.	O

Increased	O
frequency	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
angio	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
oedema	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
therapy	O
with	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
in	O
two	O
patients	O
.	O

Adverse	O
reactions	O
to	O
drugs	O
are	O
well	O
recognized	O
as	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
acute	O
or	O
chronic	O
urticaria	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
angio	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
oedema	I-Disease
.	O

Angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ACE	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
,	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
were	O
introduced	O
in	O
Europe	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
of	O
the	O
eighties	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
has	O
increased	O
progressively	O
.	O

Soon	O
after	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
,	O
acute	O
bouts	O
of	O
angio	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
oedema	I-Disease
were	O
reported	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
.	O

We	O
wish	O
to	O
draw	O
attention	O
to	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
to	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
after	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
and	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
angio	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
oedema	I-Disease
.	O

Myoclonus	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
lorazepam	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
very	O
-	O
low	O
-	O
birth	O
-	O
weight	O
infants	O
.	O

Lorazepam	B-Chemical
is	O
being	O
used	O
with	O
increasing	O
frequency	O
as	O
a	O
sedative	O
in	O
the	O
newborn	O
and	O
the	O
young	O
infant	O
.	O

Concern	O
has	O
been	O
raised	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
lorazepam	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
age	O
group	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
very	O
-	O
low	O
-	O
birth	O
-	O
weight	O
(	O
VLBW	O
;	O
<	O
1	O
,	O
500	O
g	O
)	O
infants	O
.	O

Three	O
young	O
infants	O
,	O
all	O
of	O
birth	O
weight	O
<	O
1	O
,	O
500	O
g	O
,	O
experienced	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
lorazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
potential	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
(	O
and	O
its	O
vehicle	O
)	O
in	O
this	O
population	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Injectable	O
lorazepam	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
caution	O
in	O
VLBW	O
infants	O
.	O

Transvenous	O
right	O
ventricular	O
pacing	O
during	O
cardiopulmonary	O
resuscitation	O
of	O
pediatric	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
the	O
cardiopulmonary	O
resuscitation	O
efforts	O
on	O
five	O
patients	O
who	O
presented	O
in	O
acute	O
circulatory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
from	O
myocardial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
had	O
acute	O
viral	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
,	O
one	O
had	O
a	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
eosinophilic	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
one	O
had	O
cardiac	O
hemosiderosis	O
resulting	O
in	O
acute	O
cardiogenic	B-Disease
shock	I-Disease
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
continuously	O
monitored	O
with	O
central	O
venous	O
and	O
arterial	O
catheters	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
routine	O
noninvasive	O
monitoring	O
.	O

An	O
introducer	O
sheath	O
,	O
a	O
pacemaker	O
,	O
and	O
sterile	O
pacing	O
wires	O
were	O
made	O
readily	O
available	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
,	O
should	O
the	O
need	O
arise	O
to	O
terminate	O
resistant	O
cardiac	O
dysrhythmias	B-Disease
.	O

All	O
patients	O
developed	O
cardiocirculatory	O
arrest	O
associated	O
with	O
extreme	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
dysrhythmias	B-Disease
within	O
the	O
first	O
48	O
hours	O
of	O
their	O
admission	O
to	O
the	O
pediatric	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
(	O
PICU	O
)	O
.	O

Right	O
ventricular	O
pacemaker	O
wires	O
were	O
inserted	O
in	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
during	O
cardiopulmonary	O
resuscitation	O
(	O
CPR	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
four	O
patients	O
,	O
cardiac	O
pacing	O
was	O
used	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
temporary	O
captured	O
rhythm	O
and	O
restoration	O
of	O
their	O
cardiac	O
output	O
.	O

These	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
second	O
event	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
death	O
,	O
within	O
10	O
to	O
60	O
minutes	O
.	O

In	O
one	O
patient	O
,	O
cardiac	O
pacing	O
was	O
not	O
used	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
converted	O
to	O
normal	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
by	O
electrical	O
defibrillation	O
within	O
three	O
minutes	O
of	O
initiating	O
CPR	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
cardiac	O
pacing	O
during	O
resuscitative	O
efforts	O
in	O
pediatric	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
may	O
not	O
have	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
value	O
in	O
and	O
of	O
itself	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
if	O
temporary	O
hemodynamic	O
stability	O
is	O
achieved	O
by	O
this	O
procedure	O
,	O
it	O
may	O
provide	O
additional	O
time	O
needed	O
to	O
institute	O
other	O
therapeutic	O
modalities	O
.	O

Efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
granisetron	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptamine	I-Chemical
-	O
3	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
the	O
antiemetic	O
effects	O
and	O
safety	O
profile	O
of	O
four	O
different	O
doses	O
of	O
granisetron	B-Chemical
(	O
Kytril	B-Chemical
;	O
SmithKline	O
Beecham	O
Pharmaceuticals	O
,	O
Philadelphia	O
,	O
PA	O
)	O
when	O
administered	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
intravenous	O
(	O
IV	O
)	O
dose	O
for	O
prophylaxis	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
eighty	O
-	O
four	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
naive	O
patients	O
receiving	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
81	O
to	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
)	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
one	O
of	O
four	O
granisetron	B-Chemical
doses	O
(	O
5	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
20	O
,	O
or	O
40	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
administered	O
before	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
observed	O
on	O
an	O
inpatient	O
basis	O
for	O
18	O
to	O
24	O
hours	O
,	O
and	O
vital	O
signs	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
retching	O
,	O
and	O
appetite	O
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

Safety	O
analyses	O
included	O
incidence	O
of	O
adverse	O
experiences	O
and	O
laboratory	O
parameter	O
changes	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
After	O
granisetron	B-Chemical
doses	O
of	O
5	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
20	O
,	O
and	O
40	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
a	O
major	O
response	O
(	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
two	O
vomiting	B-Disease
or	O
retching	O
episodes	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
antiemetic	O
rescue	O
)	O
was	O
recorded	O
in	O
23	O
%	O
,	O
57	O
%	O
,	O
58	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
complete	O
response	O
(	O
no	O
vomiting	B-Disease
or	O
retching	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
antiemetic	O
rescue	O
)	O
in	O
18	O
%	O
,	O
41	O
%	O
,	O
40	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
47	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
statistically	O
longer	O
time	O
to	O
first	O
episode	O
of	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
0015	O
)	O
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
fewer	O
patients	O
were	O
administered	O
additional	O
antiemetic	O
medication	O
in	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
dosing	O
groups	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
dosing	O
group	O
.	O

As	O
granisetron	B-Chemical
dose	O
increased	O
,	O
appetite	O
return	O
increased	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
040	O
)	O
.	O

Headache	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
most	O
frequently	O
reported	O
adverse	O
event	O
(	O
20	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
A	O
single	O
10	O
-	O
,	O
20	O
-	O
,	O
or	O
40	O
-	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
dose	O
of	O
granisetron	B-Chemical
was	O
effective	O
in	O
controlling	O
vomiting	B-Disease
in	O
57	O
%	O
to	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
at	O
doses	O
greater	O
than	O
81	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
and	O
totally	O
prevented	O
vomiting	B-Disease
in	O
40	O
%	O
to	O
47	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
statistically	O
significant	O
differences	O
in	O
efficacy	O
between	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
dose	O
and	O
the	O
20	O
-	O
and	O
40	O
-	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
doses	O
.	O

Granisetron	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
at	O
all	O
doses	O
.	O

Adverse	O
interaction	O
between	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
a	O
possible	O
adverse	O
interaction	O
between	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
resulting	O
in	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
AV	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
patients	O
and	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
one	O
patient	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARIES	O
:	O
A	O
54	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
hyperaldosteronism	B-Disease
was	O
treated	O
with	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
480	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
and	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
a	O
minimal	O
dose	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
mg	O
bid	O
)	O
,	O
she	O
developed	O
complete	O
AV	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
and	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
upon	O
cessation	O
of	O
all	O
medications	O
.	O

A	O
65	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
extended	O
-	O
release	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
240	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
15	O
mg	O
bid	O
she	O
developed	O
complete	O
AV	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
after	O
all	O
therapy	O
was	O
stopped	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
An	O
adverse	O
interaction	O
between	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
has	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
previously	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
two	O
such	O
cases	O
and	O
discuss	O
the	O
various	O
mechanisms	O
that	O
might	O
cause	O
such	O
an	O
interaction	O
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
acquainted	O
with	O
this	O
possibly	O
fatal	O
interaction	O
between	O
two	O
commonly	O
used	O
antihypertensive	O
drugs	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Caution	O
is	O
recommended	O
in	O
combining	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
even	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
sinus	O
or	O
AV	O
node	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

The	O
two	O
drugs	O
may	O
act	O
synergistically	O
on	O
both	O
the	O
AV	O
node	O
and	O
the	O
peripheral	O
circulation	O
.	O

Pharmacological	O
studies	O
on	O
a	O
new	O
dihydrothienopyridine	B-Chemical
calcium	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
312	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
d	I-Chemical
.	O

5th	O
communication	O
:	O
anticonvulsant	O
effects	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
312	I-Chemical
,	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
312	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
d	I-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
312	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
,	O
L	O
-	O
type	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
antagonists	O
,	O
showed	O
anticonvulsant	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
audiogenic	B-Disease
tonic	I-Disease
convulsions	I-Disease
in	O
DBA	O
/	O
2	O
mice	O
;	O
and	O
their	O
ED50	O
values	O
were	O
18	O
.	O
4	O
(	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
27	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
and	O
15	O
.	O
0	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
23	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
that	O
of	O
flunarizine	B-Chemical
was	O
34	O
.	O
0	O
(	O
26	O
.	O
0	O
-	O
44	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O

Although	O
moderate	O
anticonvulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
312	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
d	I-Chemical
in	O
higher	O
doses	O
were	O
observed	O
against	O
the	O
clonic	O
convulsions	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
pentylenetetrazole	B-Chemical
(	O
85	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
or	O
bemegride	B-Chemical
(	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
no	O
effects	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
convulsions	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
,	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
electroshock	O
in	O
Slc	O
:	O
ddY	O
mice	O
.	O

S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
312	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
d	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
the	O
therapy	O
of	O
certain	O
types	O
of	O
human	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
.	O

Transmural	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
with	O
sumatriptan	B-Chemical
.	O

For	O
sumatriptan	B-Chemical
,	O
tightness	O
in	O
the	O
chest	O
caused	O
by	O
an	O
unknown	O
mechanism	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
3	O
-	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
users	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
47	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
an	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
sumatriptan	B-Chemical
6	O
mg	O
subcutaneously	O
for	O
cluster	B-Disease
headache	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
underlying	O
ischaemic	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
or	O
Prinzmetal	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
angina	I-Disease
.	O

She	O
recovered	O
without	O
complications	O
.	O

Flumazenil	B-Chemical
induces	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
death	O
in	O
mixed	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
intoxications	O
.	O

STUDY	O
HYPOTHESIS	O
:	O
Administration	O
of	O
the	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
may	O
unmask	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
mixed	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
received	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
IP	O
alone	O
,	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Three	O
minutes	O
later	O
,	O
groups	O
were	O
challenged	O
with	O
vehicle	O
or	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
5	O
or	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
IP	O
.	O

Animal	O
behavior	O
,	O
seizures	B-Disease
(	O
time	O
to	O
and	O
incidence	O
)	O
,	O
death	O
(	O
time	O
to	O
and	O
incidence	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
cortical	O
EEG	O
tracings	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

INTERVENTIONS	O
:	O
Administration	O
of	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
to	O
animals	O
after	O
they	O
had	O
received	O
a	O
combination	O
dose	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
group	O
1	O
,	O
animals	O
received	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
followed	O
by	O
vehicle	O
.	O

This	O
resulted	O
in	O
100	O
%	O
developing	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
death	O
.	O

Group	O
2	O
received	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
alone	O
followed	O
by	O
vehicle	O
.	O

Animals	O
became	O
somnolent	O
and	O
none	O
died	O
.	O

Group	O
3	O
received	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
followed	O
by	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
.	O

Animals	O
became	O
somnolent	O
after	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
then	O
active	O
after	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

In	O
group	O
4	O
,	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
simultaneously	O
.	O

This	O
resulted	O
in	O
no	O
overt	O
or	O
EEG	O
-	O
detectable	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
incidence	O
of	O
death	O
.	O

Group	O
5	O
received	O
a	O
similar	O
combination	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
followed	O
later	O
by	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
90	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
death	O
,	O
100	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
group	O
4	O
.	O

Group	O
6	O
received	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
followed	O
by	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
flumazenil	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
also	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
90	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
death	O
,	O
90	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
group	O
4	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Flumazenil	B-Chemical
can	O
unmask	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
increase	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
death	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
combined	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
intoxications	O
.	O

Mechanisms	O
for	O
protective	O
effects	O
of	O
free	O
radical	O
scavengers	O
on	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Studies	O
were	O
performed	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
for	O
the	O
protective	O
effects	O
of	O
free	O
radical	O
scavengers	O
on	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
(	O
GM	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
mediated	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
GM	B-Chemical
at	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
for	O
13	O
days	O
to	O
rats	O
induced	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
renal	O
blood	O
flow	O
(	O
RBF	O
)	O
and	O
inulin	O
clearance	O
(	O
CIn	O
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
marked	O
tubular	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
urinary	O
guanosine	B-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
cyclic	I-Chemical
monophosphate	I-Chemical
(	O
cGMP	B-Chemical
)	O
excretion	O
and	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
renal	O
cortical	O
renin	O
and	O
endothelin	O
-	O
1	O
contents	O
were	O
also	O
observed	O
in	O
GM	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
(	O
SOD	O
)	O
or	O
dimethylthiourea	B-Chemical
(	O
DMTU	B-Chemical
)	O
significantly	O
lessened	O
the	O
GM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
decrement	O
in	O
CIn	O
.	O

The	O
SOD	O
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
marked	O
improvement	O
in	O
RBF	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
urinary	O
cGMP	B-Chemical
excretion	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
renal	O
renin	O
and	O
endothelin	O
-	O
1	O
content	O
.	O

SOD	O
did	O
not	O
attenuate	O
the	O
tubular	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
DMTU	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
tubular	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
and	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
renal	O
hemodynamics	O
and	O
vasoactive	O
substances	O
.	O

Neither	O
SOD	O
nor	O
DMTU	B-Chemical
affected	O
the	O
renal	O
cortical	O
GM	B-Chemical
content	O
in	O
GM	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
1	O
)	O
both	O
SOD	O
and	O
DMTU	B-Chemical
have	O
protective	O
effects	O
on	O
GM	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
2	O
)	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
for	O
the	O
protective	O
effects	O
differ	O
for	O
SOD	O
and	O
DMTU	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
3	O
)	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
anions	O
play	O
a	O
critical	O
role	O
in	O
GM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	O
vasoconstriction	O
.	O

Cephalothin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
immune	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
patient	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
developed	O
Coombs	O
-	O
positive	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
while	O
receiving	O
cephalothin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

An	O
anti	O
-	O
cephalothin	B-Chemical
IgG	O
antibody	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
serum	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
eluates	O
from	O
her	O
erythrocytes	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
nonimmunologic	O
binding	O
of	O
normal	O
and	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
serum	O
proteins	O
to	O
her	O
own	O
and	O
cephalothin	B-Chemical
-	O
coated	O
normal	O
red	O
cells	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
.	O

Skin	O
tests	O
and	O
in	O
vitro	O
lymphocyte	O
stimulation	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
sensitized	O
to	O
cephalothin	B-Chemical
and	O
also	O
to	O
ampicillin	B-Chemical
.	O

Careful	O
investigation	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemias	I-Disease
reveals	O
the	O
complexity	O
of	O
the	O
immune	O
mechanisms	O
involved	O
.	O

Assessment	O
of	O
cardiomyocyte	O
DNA	O
synthesis	O
during	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
in	O
adult	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
ability	O
of	O
cardiomyocytes	O
to	O
synthesize	O
DNA	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
adult	O
mice	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
delivered	O
by	O
osmotic	O
minipump	O
implantation	O
in	O
adult	O
C3Heb	O
/	O
FeJ	O
mice	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
46	O
%	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
weight	O
and	O
a	O
19	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
increase	O
in	O
cardiomyocyte	O
area	O
.	O

No	O
DNA	O
synthesis	O
,	O
as	O
assessed	O
by	O
autoradiographic	O
analysis	O
of	O
isolated	O
cardiomyocytes	O
,	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
control	O
or	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
hearts	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
survey	O
of	O
15	O
independent	O
inbred	O
strains	O
of	O
mice	O
revealed	O
that	O
ventricular	O
cardiomyocyte	O
nuclear	O
number	O
ranged	O
from	O
3	O
to	O
13	O
%	O
mononucleate	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
cardiomyocyte	O
terminal	O
differentiation	O
is	O
influenced	O
directly	O
or	O
indirectly	O
by	O
genetic	O
background	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
whether	O
the	O
capacity	O
for	O
reactive	O
DNA	O
synthesis	O
was	O
also	O
subject	O
to	O
genetic	O
regulation	O
,	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
was	O
induced	O
in	O
the	O
strains	O
of	O
mice	O
comprising	O
the	O
extremes	O
of	O
the	O
nuclear	O
number	O
survey	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
adult	O
mouse	O
atrial	O
and	O
ventricular	O
cardiomyocytes	O
do	O
not	O
synthesize	O
DNA	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
.	O

Central	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
of	O
AVP	B-Chemical
and	O
ANP	O
in	O
normotensive	O
and	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
compare	O
influence	O
of	O
central	O
arginine	B-Chemical
vasopressin	I-Chemical
(	O
AVP	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
of	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
ANP	O
)	O
on	O
control	O
of	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
(	O
HR	O
)	O
in	O
normotensive	O
(	O
WKY	O
)	O
and	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
(	O
SHR	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

Three	O
series	O
of	O
experiments	O
were	O
performed	O
on	O
30	O
WKY	O
and	O
30	O
SHR	O
,	O
chronically	O
instrumented	O
with	O
guide	O
tubes	O
in	O
the	O
lateral	O
ventricle	O
(	O
LV	O
)	O
and	O
arterial	O
and	O
venous	O
catheters	O
.	O

MAP	O
and	O
HR	O
were	O
monitored	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
injections	O
of	O
either	O
vehicle	O
or	O
1	O
,	O
10	O
and	O
50	O
ng	O
of	O
AVP	B-Chemical
and	O
25	O
,	O
125	O
and	O
500	O
ng	O
of	O
ANP	O
.	O

Sensitivity	O
of	O
cardiac	O
component	O
of	O
baroreflex	O
(	O
CCB	O
)	O
,	O
expressed	O
as	O
a	O
slope	O
of	O
the	O
regression	O
line	O
was	O
determined	O
from	O
relationships	O
between	O
systolic	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
SAP	O
)	O
and	O
HR	O
period	O
(	O
HRp	O
)	O
during	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
Phe	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
(	O
SN	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

CCB	O
was	O
measured	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
either	O
vehicle	O
,	O
AVP	B-Chemical
,	O
ANP	O
,	O
or	O
both	O
peptides	O
together	O
.	O

Increases	O
of	O
MAP	O
occurred	O
after	O
LV	O
administration	O
of	O
1	O
,	O
10	O
and	O
50	O
ng	O
of	O
AVP	B-Chemical
in	O
WKY	O
and	O
of	O
10	O
and	O
50	O
ng	O
in	O
SHR	O
.	O

ANP	O
did	O
not	O
cause	O
significant	O
changes	O
in	O
MAP	O
in	O
both	O
strains	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
vehicle	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
abolished	O
AVP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
MAP	O
increase	O
in	O
WKY	O
and	O
SHR	O
.	O

CCB	O
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
WKY	O
and	O
SHR	O
after	O
LV	O
administration	O
of	O
AVP	B-Chemical
during	O
SN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
SHR	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
WKY	O
administration	O
of	O
ANP	O
,	O
AVP	B-Chemical
and	O
ANP	O
+	O
AVP	B-Chemical
decreased	O
CCB	O
during	O
Phe	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
MAP	O
elevation	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
centrally	O
applied	O
AVP	B-Chemical
and	O
ANP	O
exert	O
differential	O
effects	O
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
baroreflex	O
control	O
of	O
heart	O
rate	O
in	O
WKY	O
and	O
SHR	O
and	O
suggest	O
interaction	O
of	O
these	O
two	O
peptides	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
regulation	O
at	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

Cutaneous	O
exposure	O
to	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
like	O
anticoagulant	O
causing	O
an	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
intercerebral	O
hematoma	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
coagulopathy	B-Disease
is	O
presented	O
.	O

The	O
39	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
had	O
spread	O
a	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
type	O
rat	O
poison	O
around	O
her	O
house	O
weekly	O
using	O
her	O
bare	O
hands	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
washing	O
post	O
application	O
.	O

Percutaneous	O
absorption	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
causing	O
coagulopathy	B-Disease
,	O
reported	O
three	O
times	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
significant	O
risk	O
if	O
protective	O
measures	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
gloves	O
,	O
are	O
not	O
used	O
.	O

An	O
adverse	O
drug	O
interaction	O
with	O
piroxicam	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
she	O
took	O
occasionally	O
,	O
may	O
have	O
exacerbated	O
the	O
coagulopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Pediatric	O
heart	O
transplantation	O
without	O
chronic	O
maintenance	O
steroids	B-Chemical
.	O

From	O
1986	O
to	O
February	O
1993	O
,	O
40	O
children	O
aged	O
2	O
months	O
to	O
18	O
years	O
(	O
average	O
age	O
10	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
8	O
years	O
)	O
underwent	O
heart	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Indications	O
for	O
transplantation	O
were	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
(	O
52	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
congenital	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
35	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
prior	O
repair	O
(	O
71	O
%	O
and	O
29	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
,	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
managed	O
with	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
.	O

No	O
prophylaxis	O
with	O
antilymphocyte	O
globulin	O
was	O
used	O
.	O

Steroids	B-Chemical
were	O
given	O
to	O
39	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
for	O
refractory	O
rejection	O
,	O
but	O
weaning	O
was	O
always	O
attempted	O
and	O
generally	O
successful	O
(	O
64	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
(	O
14	O
%	O
)	O
received	O
maintenance	O
steroids	B-Chemical
.	O

Four	O
patients	O
died	O
in	O
the	O
perioperative	O
period	O
and	O
one	O
died	O
4	O
months	O
later	O
.	O

There	O
have	O
been	O
no	O
deaths	O
related	O
to	O
rejection	O
or	O
infection	B-Disease
.	O

Average	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
was	O
36	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
19	O
months	O
(	O
range	O
1	O
to	O
65	O
months	O
)	O
.	O

Cumulative	O
survival	O
is	O
88	O
%	O
at	O
5	O
years	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
less	O
than	O
7	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
,	O
rejection	O
was	O
monitored	O
noninvasively	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
first	O
postoperative	O
month	O
,	O
89	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
treated	O
for	O
rejection	O
.	O

Freedom	O
from	O
serious	O
infections	B-Disease
was	O
83	O
%	O
at	O
1	O
month	O
and	O
65	O
%	O
at	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

Cytomegalovirus	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
were	O
treated	O
successfully	O
with	O
ganciclovir	B-Chemical
in	O
11	O
patients	O
.	O

No	O
impairment	O
of	O
growth	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
children	O
who	O
underwent	O
transplantation	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
control	O
population	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
one	O
patients	O
(	O
60	O
%	O
)	O
have	O
undergone	O
annual	O
catheterizations	O
and	O
no	O
sign	O
of	O
graft	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
observed	O
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
five	O
patients	O
(	O
14	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
hypertension	B-Disease
was	O
treated	O
in	O
10	O
patients	O
(	O
28	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
patient	O
was	O
disabled	O
and	O
no	O
lymphoproliferative	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Delirium	B-Disease
during	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

The	O
correlation	O
between	O
high	O
serum	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	O
concentrations	O
and	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
side	O
effects	O
has	O
been	O
well	O
established	O
.	O

Only	O
a	O
few	O
reports	O
exist	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
the	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
of	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
(	O
SSRIs	O
)	O
and	O
their	O
toxic	O
effects	O
.	O

In	O
some	O
cases	O
,	O
a	O
high	O
serum	O
concentration	O
of	O
citalopram	B-Chemical
(	O
>	O
600	O
nmol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
somnolence	B-Disease
and	O
movement	B-Disease
difficulties	I-Disease
.	O

Widespread	O
cognitive	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
,	O
such	O
as	O
delirium	B-Disease
,	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
previously	O
linked	O
with	O
high	O
blood	O
levels	O
of	O
SSRIs	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
report	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
acute	O
hyperkinetic	B-Disease
delirium	B-Disease
connected	O
with	O
a	O
high	O
serum	O
total	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
(	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
plus	O
desmethylfluoxetine	B-Chemical
)	O
concentration	O
.	O

Pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
and	O
shock	B-Disease
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
aracytine	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
for	O
lymphoma	B-Disease
;	O
possible	O
role	O
of	O
TNF	O
-	O
alpha	O
and	O
PAF	O
.	O

Four	O
out	O
of	O
23	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
Ara	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
for	O
lymphomas	B-Disease
in	O
our	O
institution	O
developed	O
a	O
strikingly	O
similar	O
syndrome	O
during	O
the	O
perfusion	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
diarrhea	B-Disease
,	O
shock	B-Disease
,	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
,	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
metabolic	B-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
,	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
and	O
leukocytosis	B-Disease
.	O

Thorough	O
bacteriological	O
screening	O
failed	O
to	O
provide	O
evidence	O
of	O
infection	B-Disease
.	O

Sequential	O
biological	O
assays	O
of	O
IL	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
IL	O
-	O
2	O
,	O
TNF	O
and	O
PAF	O
were	O
performed	O
during	O
Ara	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
infusion	O
to	O
ten	O
patients	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
four	O
who	O
developed	O
the	O
syndrome	O
.	O

TNF	O
and	O
PAF	O
activity	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
of	O
respectively	O
two	O
and	O
four	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
six	O
controls	O
.	O

As	O
TNF	O
and	O
PAF	O
are	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
septic	O
shock	B-Disease
and	O
adult	B-Disease
respiratory	I-Disease
distress	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
hypothesize	O
that	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
Ara	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
C	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
cytokine	O
release	O
.	O

Protective	O
effect	O
of	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
against	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
benzothiazepine	I-Chemical
calcium	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
on	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

With	O
2	O
-	O
week	O
chronic	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
16	O
of	O
30	O
rats	O
died	O
within	O
4	O
days	O
,	O
and	O
severe	O
ischemic	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
and	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
left	O
ventricles	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

In	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
left	O
atrial	O
and	O
left	O
ventricular	O
papillary	O
muscle	O
contractile	O
responses	O
to	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
were	O
reduced	O
,	O
but	O
responses	O
to	O
calcium	B-Chemical
were	O
normal	O
or	O
enhanced	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

Left	O
ventricular	O
alpha	O
and	O
beta	O
adrenoceptor	O
densities	O
were	O
also	O
reduced	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
prevented	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
death	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
attenuated	O
the	O
ventricular	O
ischemic	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
and	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

Left	O
atrial	O
and	O
left	O
ventricular	O
papillary	O
muscle	O
contractile	O
responses	O
to	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
were	O
reduced	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
in	O
groups	O
treated	O
with	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
but	O
combined	O
with	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
,	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
restored	O
left	O
atrial	O
responses	O
and	O
enhanced	O
left	O
ventricular	O
papillary	O
responses	O
to	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
down	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
alpha	O
and	O
beta	O
adrenoceptors	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
infused	O
alone	O
,	O
resulted	O
in	O
decreased	O
adrenergic	O
receptor	O
densities	O
in	O
the	O
left	O
ventricle	O
.	O

Clentiazem	B-Chemical
also	O
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
the	O
enhanced	O
responses	O
to	O
calcium	B-Chemical
seen	O
in	O
the	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
high	O
dose	O
of	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
partially	O
attenuated	O
the	O
maximal	O
response	O
to	O
calcium	B-Chemical
compared	O
to	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
clentiazem	B-Chemical
attenuated	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
possibly	O
through	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
adrenergic	O
pathway	O
.	O

Kaliuretic	O
effect	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Hypokalemia	B-Disease
,	O
sometimes	O
severe	O
,	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
some	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
influence	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
on	O
the	O
renal	O
excretion	O
of	O
potassium	B-Chemical
was	O
studied	O
in	O
3	O
patients	O
with	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
and	O
in	O
5	O
normokalemic	O
patients	O
by	O
determination	O
of	O
renal	O
plasma	O
flow	O
,	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
,	O
plasma	O
concentration	O
of	O
potassium	B-Chemical
and	O
sodium	B-Chemical
as	O
well	O
as	O
urinary	O
excretion	O
of	O
potassium	B-Chemical
,	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Dopa	I-Chemical
intake	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
cause	O
an	O
increased	O
excretion	O
of	O
potassium	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
sometimes	O
also	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
the	O
hypokalemic	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
normokalemic	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
renal	O
function	O
could	O
be	O
prohibited	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
peripheral	O
dopa	O
decarbodylase	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
not	O
known	O
why	O
this	O
effect	O
occurred	O
in	O
some	O
individuals	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
others	O
,	O
but	O
our	O
results	O
indicate	O
a	O
correlation	O
between	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
production	O
and	O
this	O
renal	O
effect	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
ischemia	B-Disease
probably	O
induced	O
by	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
was	O
reversed	O
by	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
and	O
calcium	B-Chemical
blocking	O
agents	O
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
monitored	O
by	O
ECG	O
in	O
freely	O
moving	O
mice	O
.	O

A	O
new	O
model	O
to	O
test	O
potential	O
protectors	O
.	O

In	O
laboratory	O
animals	O
,	O
histology	O
is	O
most	O
commonly	O
used	O
to	O
study	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
for	O
monitoring	O
during	O
treatment	O
,	O
large	O
numbers	O
of	O
animals	O
are	O
needed	O
.	O

Recently	O
we	O
developed	O
a	O
new	O
method	O
to	O
measure	O
ECG	O
values	O
in	O
freely	O
moving	O
mice	O
by	O
telemetry	O
.	O

With	O
this	O
model	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
chronic	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
administration	O
on	O
the	O
ECG	O
of	O
freely	O
moving	O
BALB	O
/	O
c	O
mice	O
and	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
ICRF	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
187	I-Chemical
as	O
a	O
protective	O
agent	O
.	O

The	O
ST	O
interval	O
significantly	O
widened	O
from	O
15	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
56	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
11	O
.	O
8	O
ms	O
in	O
week	O
10	O
(	O
7	O
weekly	O
doses	O
of	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
given	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
plus	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
observation	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
ECG	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
animals	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
during	O
the	O
entire	O
study	O
.	O

After	O
sacrifice	O
the	O
hearts	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
were	O
enlarged	O
and	O
the	O
atria	O
were	O
hypertrophic	B-Disease
.	O

As	O
this	O
schedule	O
exerted	O
more	O
toxicity	B-Disease
than	O
needed	O
to	O
investigate	O
protective	O
agents	O
,	O
the	O
protection	O
of	O
ICRF	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
187	I-Chemical
was	O
determined	O
using	O
a	O
dose	O
schedule	O
with	O
lower	O
general	O
toxicity	B-Disease
(	O
6	O
weekly	O
doses	O
of	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
given	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
plus	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
observation	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
this	O
schedule	O
,	O
the	O
animals	O
'	O
hearts	O
appeared	O
normal	O
after	O
sacrifice	O
and	O
ICRF	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
187	I-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
given	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
1	O
h	O
before	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
)	O
provided	O
almost	O
full	O
protection	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
were	O
confirmed	O
by	O
histology	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
this	O
new	O
model	O
is	O
very	O
sensitive	O
and	O
enables	O
monitoring	O
of	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
with	O
time	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
result	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
that	O
allows	O
the	O
testing	O
of	O
protectors	O
against	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
as	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
the	O
protection	O
provided	O
by	O
ICRF	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
187	I-Chemical
.	O

Epinephrine	B-Chemical
dysrhythmogenicity	O
is	O
not	O
enhanced	O
by	O
subtoxic	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

Since	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
and	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
may	O
both	O
precipitate	O
dysrhythmias	B-Disease
,	O
circulating	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
during	O
regional	O
anesthesia	O
could	O
potentiate	O
dysrhythmogenic	O
effects	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
examined	O
whether	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
alters	O
the	O
dysrhythmogenicity	O
of	O
subsequent	O
administration	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
in	O
conscious	O
,	O
healthy	O
dogs	O
and	O
in	O
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
with	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
one	O
conscious	O
dogs	O
received	O
10	O
micrograms	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

Seventeen	O
animals	O
responded	O
with	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
(	O
VT	B-Disease
)	O
within	O
3	O
min	O
.	O

After	O
3	O
h	O
,	O
these	O
responders	O
randomly	O
received	O
1	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
or	O
saline	O
over	O
5	O
min	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
10	O
micrograms	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
groups	O
,	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
caused	O
fewer	O
prodysrhythmic	O
effects	O
than	O
without	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

VT	B-Disease
appeared	O
in	O
fewer	O
dogs	O
and	O
at	O
a	O
later	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
were	O
more	O
sinoatrial	O
beats	O
and	O
less	O
ectopies	O
.	O

Epinephrine	B-Chemical
shortened	O
QT	O
less	O
after	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
than	O
in	O
control	O
animals	O
.	O

One	O
day	O
after	O
experimental	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
,	O
six	O
additional	O
halothane	B-Chemical
-	O
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
received	O
4	O
micrograms	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
until	O
VT	B-Disease
appeared	O
.	O

After	O
45	O
min	O
,	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
was	O
injected	O
over	O
5	O
min	O
,	O
again	O
followed	O
by	O
4	O
micrograms	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
these	O
dogs	O
,	O
the	O
prodysrhythmic	O
response	O
to	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
was	O
also	O
mitigated	O
by	O
preceding	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Bupivacaine	B-Chemical
antagonizes	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
dysrhythmogenicity	O
in	O
conscious	O
dogs	O
susceptible	O
to	O
VT	B-Disease
and	O
in	O
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
with	O
spontaneous	O
postinfarct	O
dysrhythmias	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
evidence	O
that	O
systemic	O
subtoxic	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
enhances	O
the	O
dysrhythmogenicity	O
of	O
subsequent	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

Milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
25	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
OH	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
2D	I-Chemical
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
hypoparathyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

Milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
was	O
first	O
described	O
70	O
years	O
ago	O
in	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
peptic	B-Disease
ulcer	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
with	O
large	O
amounts	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
and	O
alkali	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
with	O
current	O
ulcer	B-Disease
therapy	O
(	O
H	O
-	O
2	O
blockers	O
,	O
omeprazole	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
sucralfate	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
has	O
decreased	O
significantly	O
,	O
the	O
classic	O
triad	O
of	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
,	O
alkalosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
remains	O
the	O
hallmark	O
of	O
the	O
syndrome	O
.	O

Milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
can	O
present	O
serious	O
and	O
occasionally	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
illness	O
unless	O
diagnosed	O
and	O
treated	O
appropriately	O
.	O

This	O
article	O
presents	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
hypoparathyroidism	B-Disease
who	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
calcium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
and	O
calcitriol	B-Chemical
resulting	O
in	O
two	O
admissions	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
for	O
milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
pamidronate	B-Chemical
on	O
his	O
first	O
admission	O
and	O
with	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
second	O
.	O

This	O
illustrates	O
intravenous	O
pamidronate	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
valuable	O
therapeutic	O
tool	O
when	O
milk	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alkali	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
presents	O
as	O
hypercalcemic	B-Disease
emergency	I-Disease
.	O

Famotidine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
delirium	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
series	O
of	O
six	O
cases	O
.	O

Famotidine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
histamine	O
H2	O
-	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
used	O
in	O
inpatient	O
settings	O
for	O
prevention	O
of	O
stress	O
ulcers	B-Disease
and	O
is	O
showing	O
increasing	O
popularity	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
low	O
cost	O
.	O

Although	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
currently	O
available	O
H2	O
-	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
have	O
shown	O
the	O
propensity	O
to	O
cause	O
delirium	B-Disease
,	O
only	O
two	O
previously	O
reported	O
cases	O
have	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
famotidine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
authors	O
report	O
on	O
six	O
cases	O
of	O
famotidine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
delirium	B-Disease
in	O
hospitalized	O
patients	O
who	O
cleared	O
completely	O
upon	O
removal	O
of	O
famotidine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
pharmacokinetics	O
of	O
famotidine	B-Chemical
are	O
reviewed	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
its	O
metabolism	O
in	O
the	O
elderly	O
population	O
seen	O
.	O

The	O
implications	O
of	O
using	O
famotidine	B-Chemical
in	O
elderly	O
persons	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Encephalopathy	B-Disease
during	O
amitriptyline	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
are	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
serotonin	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
spectrum	O
disorders	O
?	O

This	O
report	O
describes	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
developed	O
in	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
amitriptyline	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
during	O
a	O
remission	O
of	O
unipolar	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
patient	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
having	O
either	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
NMS	B-Disease
)	O
or	O
serotonin	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
SS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

The	O
major	O
determinant	O
of	O
the	O
symptoms	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
/	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
imbalance	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

The	O
NMS	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
that	O
develops	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
antidepressants	O
indicates	O
that	O
NMS	B-Disease
and	O
SS	B-Disease
are	O
spectrum	O
disorders	O
induced	O
by	O
drugs	O
with	O
both	O
antidopaminergic	O
and	O
serotonergic	O
effects	O
.	O

Genetic	O
separation	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
growth	O
and	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
phenotypes	O
in	O
an	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tumor	B-Disease
.	O

Chronic	O
administration	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
Fischer	O
344	O
(	O
F344	O
)	O
rat	O
induces	O
growth	O
of	O
large	O
,	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
pituitary	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
.	O

Ten	O
weeks	O
of	O
diethylstilbestrol	B-Chemical
(	O
DES	B-Chemical
)	O
treatment	O
caused	O
female	O
F344	O
rat	O
pituitaries	O
to	O
grow	O
to	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
109	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
versus	O
11	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
for	O
untreated	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
become	O
highly	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
same	O
DES	B-Chemical
treatment	O
produced	O
no	O
significant	O
growth	O
(	O
8	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
for	O
treated	O
females	O
versus	O
8	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
for	O
untreated	O
females	O
)	O
or	O
morphological	O
changes	O
in	O
Brown	O
Norway	O
(	O
BN	O
)	O
rat	O
pituitaries	O
.	O

An	O
F1	O
hybrid	O
of	O
F344	O
and	O
BN	O
exhibited	O
significant	O
pituitary	O
growth	O
after	O
10	O
weeks	O
of	O
DES	B-Chemical
treatment	O
with	O
an	O
average	O
mass	O
of	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
mg	O
compared	O
with	O
8	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
for	O
untreated	O
rats	O
.	O

Surprisingly	O
,	O
the	O
F1	O
hybrid	O
tumors	B-Disease
were	O
not	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
and	O
had	O
hemoglobin	O
content	O
and	O
outward	O
appearance	O
identical	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
BN	O
.	O

Expression	O
of	O
both	O
growth	O
and	O
morphological	O
changes	O
is	O
due	O
to	O
multiple	O
genes	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
while	O
DES	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
pituitary	O
growth	O
exhibited	O
quantitative	O
,	O
additive	O
inheritance	O
,	O
the	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
phenotype	O
exhibited	O
recessive	O
,	O
epistatic	O
inheritance	O
.	O

Only	O
5	O
of	O
the	O
160	O
F2	O
pituitaries	O
exhibited	O
the	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
phenotype	O
;	O
36	O
of	O
the	O
160	O
F2	O
pituitaries	O
were	O
in	O
the	O
F344	O
range	O
of	O
mass	O
,	O
but	O
31	O
of	O
these	O
were	O
not	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
phenotype	O
is	O
not	O
merely	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
extensive	O
growth	O
.	O

The	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
F2	O
pituitaries	O
were	O
all	O
among	O
the	O
most	O
massive	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
genes	O
regulate	O
both	O
phenotypes	O
.	O

Increased	O
expression	O
of	O
neuronal	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
in	O
bladder	O
afferent	O
pathways	O
following	O
chronic	O
bladder	B-Disease
irritation	I-Disease
.	O

Immunocytochemical	O
techniques	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
examine	O
alterations	O
in	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
neuronal	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
NOS	O
)	O
in	O
bladder	O
pathways	O
following	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
irritation	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
urinary	I-Disease
tract	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Chemical	O
cystitis	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CYP	B-Chemical
)	O
which	O
is	O
metabolized	O
to	O
acrolein	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
irritant	O
eliminated	O
in	O
the	O
urine	O
.	O

Injection	O
of	O
CYP	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
,	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
2	O
hours	O
prior	O
to	O
perfusion	O
(	O
acute	O
treatment	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
increased	O
Fos	O
-	O
immunoreactivity	O
(	O
IR	O
)	O
in	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
dorsal	O
commissure	O
,	O
dorsal	O
horn	O
,	O
and	O
autonomic	O
regions	O
of	O
spinal	O
segments	O
(	O
L1	O
-	O
L2	O
and	O
L6	O
-	O
S1	O
)	O
which	O
receive	O
afferent	O
inputs	O
from	O
the	O
bladder	O
,	O
urethra	O
,	O
and	O
ureter	O
.	O

Fos	O
-	O
IR	O
in	O
the	O
spinal	O
cord	O
was	O
not	O
changed	O
in	O
rats	O
receiving	O
chronic	O
CYP	B-Chemical
treatment	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
15	O
,	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
every	O
3rd	O
day	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
control	O
animals	O
and	O
in	O
animals	O
treated	O
acutely	O
with	O
CYP	B-Chemical
,	O
only	O
small	O
numbers	O
of	O
NOS	O
-	O
IR	O
cells	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
cell	O
profiles	O
/	O
sections	O
)	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
the	O
L6	O
-	O
S1	O
dorsal	O
root	O
ganglia	O
(	O
DRG	O
)	O
.	O

Chronic	O
CYP	B-Chemical
administration	O
significantly	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
increased	O
bladder	O
weight	O
by	O
60	O
%	O
and	O
increased	O
(	O
7	O
-	O
to	O
11	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
the	O
numbers	O
of	O
NOS	O
-	O
immunoreactive	O
(	O
IR	O
)	O
afferent	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
L6	O
-	O
S1	O
DRG	O
.	O

A	O
small	O
increase	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
also	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
L1	O
DRG	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
change	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
the	O
L2	O
and	O
L5	O
DRG	O
.	O

Bladder	O
afferent	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
L6	O
-	O
S1	O
DRG	O
labeled	O
by	O
Fluorogold	O
(	O
40	O
microliters	O
)	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
bladder	O
wall	O
did	O
not	O
exhibit	O
NOS	O
-	O
IR	O
in	O
control	O
animals	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
following	O
chronic	O
CYP	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
a	O
significant	O
percentage	O
of	O
bladder	O
afferent	O
neurons	O
were	O
NOS	O
-	O
IR	O
:	O
L6	O
(	O
19	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
S1	O
(	O
25	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
neuronal	O
gene	O
expression	O
in	O
visceral	O
sensory	O
pathways	O
can	O
be	O
upregulated	O
by	O
chemical	O
irritation	O
of	O
afferent	O
receptors	O
in	O
the	O
urinary	O
tract	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
that	O
pathological	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
urinary	O
tract	O
can	O
initiate	O
chemical	O
signals	O
that	O
alter	O
the	O
chemical	O
properties	O
of	O
visceral	O
afferent	O
neurons	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
calcium	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
CD	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
832	I-Chemical
,	O
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
in	O
dogs	O
with	O
partial	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
CD	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
832	I-Chemical
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
ISO	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
were	O
studied	O
in	O
dogs	O
with	O
partial	O
coronary	B-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
left	O
circumflex	O
coronary	O
artery	O
and	O
findings	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
for	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
or	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
,	O
3	O
-	O
min	O
periods	O
of	O
intracoronary	O
ISO	B-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
10	O
ng	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
increased	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
maximal	O
rate	O
of	O
left	O
ventricular	O
pressure	O
rise	O
,	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
percentage	O
segmental	O
shortening	O
and	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
elevation	O
of	O
the	O
epicardial	O
electrocardiogram	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
control	O
ISO	B-Chemical
infusion	O
with	O
stenosis	B-Disease
was	O
performed	O
,	O
equihypotensive	O
doses	O
of	O
CD	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
832	I-Chemical
(	O
3	O
and	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
,	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
and	O
3	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
9	O
)	O
or	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
and	O
30	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
were	O
infused	O
5	O
min	O
before	O
and	O
during	O
the	O
second	O
and	O
third	O
ISO	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

Both	O
CD	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
832	I-Chemical
and	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
,	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
induced	O
by	O
ISO	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
,	O
CD	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
832	I-Chemical
(	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
prevented	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
percentage	O
segmental	O
shortening	O
from	O
32	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
%	O
to	O
115	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
26	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
value	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
and	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
elevation	O
from	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mV	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
mV	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
at	O
3	O
min	O
after	O
ISO	B-Chemical
infusion	O
with	O
stenosis	B-Disease
.	O

Diltiazem	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
also	O
prevented	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
percentage	O
segmental	O
shortening	O
from	O
34	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
14	O
%	O
to	O
63	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
18	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
value	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
elevation	O
from	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
mV	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
mV	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
at	O
3	O
min	O
after	O
ISO	B-Chemical
infusion	O
with	O
stenosis	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
data	O
show	O
that	O
CD	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
832	I-Chemical
improves	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
during	O
ISO	B-Chemical
infusion	O
with	O
stenosis	B-Disease
and	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
negative	O
chronotropic	O
property	O
of	O
CD	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
832	I-Chemical
plays	O
a	O
major	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
of	O
CD	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
832	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
recombinant	O
human	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
-	O
I	O
on	O
chronic	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
recently	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
recombinant	O
hGH	O
exacerbates	O
renal	O
functional	O
and	O
structural	O
injury	O
in	O
chronic	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
an	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
glomerular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
we	O
examined	O
whether	O
recombinant	O
human	O
(	O
rh	O
)	O
IGF	O
-	O
I	O
is	O
a	O
safer	O
alternative	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
growth	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
with	O
chronic	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
glomerulopathy	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
seven	O
serial	O
injections	O
of	O
PAN	B-Chemical
over	O
12	O
wk	O
.	O

Experimental	O
animals	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
received	O
rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
,	O
400	O
micrograms	O
/	O
d	O
,	O
whereas	O
control	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
received	O
the	O
vehicle	O
.	O

rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
improved	O
weight	O
gain	O
by	O
14	O
%	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
without	O
altering	O
hematocrit	O
or	O
blood	O
pressure	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Urinary	O
protein	O
excretion	O
was	O
unaltered	O
by	O
rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
treatment	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
chronic	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

After	O
12	O
wk	O
,	O
the	O
inulin	O
clearance	O
was	O
higher	O
in	O
rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
48	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
08	O
versus	O
0	O
.	O
24	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
06	O
mL	O
/	O
min	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
in	O
untreated	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
animals	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
.	O

The	O
improvement	O
in	O
GFR	O
was	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
enhanced	O
glomerular	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
or	O
increased	O
segmental	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
,	O
tubulointerstitial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
renal	O
cortical	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
content	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
with	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
administration	O
of	O
rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
increased	O
IGF	O
-	O
I	O
and	O
GH	O
receptor	O
gene	O
expression	O
,	O
without	O
altering	O
the	O
steady	O
state	O
level	O
of	O
IGF	O
-	O
I	O
receptor	O
mRNA	O
.	O

In	O
normal	O
rats	O
with	O
intact	O
kidneys	O
,	O
rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
administration	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
alter	O
weight	O
gain	O
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
GFR	O
,	O
glomerular	O
planar	O
area	O
,	O
renal	O
cortical	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
content	O
,	O
or	O
glomerular	O
or	O
tubulointerstitial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
compared	O
with	O
untreated	O
animals	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
treatment	O
reduced	O
the	O
steady	O
state	O
renal	O
IGF	O
-	O
I	O
mRNA	O
level	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
modify	O
gene	O
expression	O
of	O
the	O
IGF	O
-	O
I	O
or	O
GH	O
receptors	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
:	O
1	O
)	O
administration	O
of	O
rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
improves	O
growth	O
and	O
GFR	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
chronic	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
and	O
2	O
)	O
unlike	O
rhGH	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
rhIGF	O
-	O
I	O
does	O
not	O
worsen	O
renal	O
functional	O
and	O
structural	O
injury	O
in	O
this	O
disease	O
model	O
.	O

Nefiracetam	B-Chemical
(	O
DM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9384	I-Chemical
)	O
reverses	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
of	O
a	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
response	O
:	O
delayed	O
emergence	O
of	O
the	O
memory	O
retention	O
effects	O
.	O

Nefiracetam	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
novel	O
pyrrolidone	B-Chemical
derivative	O
which	O
attenuates	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
learning	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
post	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
training	I-Disease
consolidation	I-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
.	O

Given	O
that	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
retention	O
when	O
given	O
during	O
training	O
or	O
in	O
a	O
defined	O
10	O
-	O
12h	O
post	O
-	O
training	O
period	O
,	O
we	O
evaluated	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
nefiracetam	B-Chemical
to	O
attenuate	O
amnesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
dopaminergic	O
agonism	O
.	O

A	O
step	O
-	O
down	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
paradigm	O
was	O
employed	O
and	O
nefiracetam	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
were	O
given	O
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
during	O
training	O
and	O
at	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
12h	O
post	O
-	O
training	O
period	O
of	O
consolidation	O
.	O

Co	O
-	O
administration	O
of	O
nefiracetam	B-Chemical
and	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
during	O
training	O
or	O
10h	O
thereafter	O
produced	O
no	O
significant	O
anti	O
-	O
amnesic	O
effect	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
administration	O
of	O
nefiracetam	B-Chemical
during	O
training	O
completely	O
reversed	O
the	O
amnesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
at	O
the	O
10h	O
post	O
-	O
training	O
time	O
and	O
the	O
converse	O
was	O
also	O
true	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
were	O
not	O
mediated	O
by	O
a	O
dopaminergic	O
mechanism	O
as	O
nefiracetam	B-Chemical
,	O
at	O
millimolar	O
concentrations	O
,	O
failed	O
to	O
displace	O
either	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
SCH	B-Chemical
23390	I-Chemical
or	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
spiperone	B-Chemical
binding	O
from	O
D1	O
or	O
D2	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
subtypes	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
nefiracetam	B-Chemical
augments	O
molecular	O
processes	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
stages	O
of	O
events	O
which	O
ultimately	O
lead	O
to	O
consolidation	O
of	O
memory	O
.	O

Phenytoin	B-Chemical
encephalopathy	B-Disease
as	O
probable	O
idiosyncratic	O
reaction	O
:	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
(	O
DPH	B-Chemical
)	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
with	O
increasing	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
EEG	O
and	O
mental	O
changes	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

Despite	O
adequate	O
oral	O
dosage	O
of	O
DPH	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
daily	O
)	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
was	O
very	O
low	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
microgramg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
was	O
probably	O
an	O
idiosyncratic	O
and	O
not	O
toxic	O
or	O
allergic	O
reaction	O
.	O

In	O
fact	O
the	O
concentration	O
of	O
free	O
DPH	B-Chemical
was	O
normal	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
presented	O
a	O
retarded	O
morbilliform	O
rash	B-Disease
during	O
DPH	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
protidogram	O
was	O
normal	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
intradermic	O
DPH	B-Chemical
injection	O
had	O
no	O
local	O
effect	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
conclude	O
that	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
starting	O
DPH	B-Chemical
treatment	O
an	O
unexpected	O
increase	O
in	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
EEG	O
and	O
mental	O
changes	O
occurring	O
simultaneously	O
,	O
should	O
alert	O
the	O
physician	O
to	O
the	O
possible	O
need	O
for	O
eliminating	O
DPH	B-Chemical
from	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
regimen	O
,	O
even	O
if	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
are	O
low	O
.	O

Prevention	O
and	O
treatment	O
of	O
endometrial	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
climacteric	O
women	O
receiving	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
treatment	O
regimens	O
are	O
described	O
in	O
74	O
patients	O
with	O
endometrial	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
among	O
850	O
climacteric	O
women	O
receiving	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Cystic	O
hyperplasia	B-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
unopposed	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
without	O
progestagen	B-Chemical
.	O

Two	O
courses	O
of	O
21	O
days	O
of	O
5	O
mg	O
norethisterone	B-Chemical
daily	O
caused	O
reversion	O
to	O
normal	O
in	O
all	O
57	O
cases	O
of	O
cystic	O
hyperplasia	B-Disease
and	O
6	O
of	O
the	O
8	O
cases	O
of	O
atypical	O
hyperplasia	B-Disease
.	O

4	O
cases	O
of	O
endometrial	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
referred	O
from	O
elsewhere	O
demonstrated	O
the	O
problems	O
of	O
inappropriate	O
and	O
unsupervised	O
unopposed	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
the	O
difficulty	O
in	O
distinguishing	O
severe	O
hyperplasia	B-Disease
from	O
malignancy	B-Disease
.	O

Cyclical	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
oestrogen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
with	O
7	O
-	O
-	O
13	O
days	O
of	O
progestagen	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
seem	O
to	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
endometrial	B-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
or	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
exercise	O
on	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
exercise	O
on	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
studied	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Ninety	O
-	O
three	O
rats	O
were	O
randomly	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
exercise	O
-	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
E	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
and	O
exercise	O
control	O
(	O
EC	O
)	O
groups	O
exercised	O
daily	O
for	O
thirty	O
days	O
on	O
a	O
treadmill	O
at	O
1	O
mph	O
,	O
2	O
%	O
grade	O
while	O
animals	O
of	O
the	O
sedentary	O
-	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
S	O
-	O
I	O
)	O
group	O
remained	O
sedentary	O
.	O

Eight	O
animals	O
were	O
assigned	O
to	O
the	O
sedentary	O
control	O
(	O
SC	O
)	O
group	O
which	O
remained	O
sedentary	O
throughout	O
the	O
experimental	O
period	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
eight	O
hours	O
after	O
the	O
final	O
exercise	O
period	O
,	O
S	O
-	O
I	O
and	O
E	O
-	O
I	O
animals	O
received	O
a	O
single	O
subcutaneous	O
injection	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
.	O

Animals	O
of	O
the	O
S	O
-	O
I	O
group	O
exhibited	O
significantly	O
(	O
Pp	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
greater	O
mortality	O
from	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
than	O
animals	O
of	O
the	O
E	O
-	O
I	O
group	O
.	O

Serum	O
CPK	O
activity	O
for	O
E	O
-	O
I	O
animals	O
was	O
significantly	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
greater	O
than	O
for	O
animals	O
in	O
the	O
S	O
-	O
I	O
and	O
EC	O
groups	O
twenty	O
hours	O
following	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

No	O
statistically	O
significant	O
differences	O
were	O
observed	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
treated	O
groups	O
for	O
severity	O
of	O
the	O
induced	O
lesions	O
,	O
changes	O
in	O
heart	O
weight	O
,	O
or	O
heart	O
weight	O
to	O
body	O
weight	O
ratios	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
exercise	O
reduced	O
the	O
mortality	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
large	O
dosages	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
but	O
had	O
little	O
on	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
the	O
infarction	B-Disease
.	O

Human	O
corticotropin	B-Chemical
-	O
releasing	O
hormone	O
and	O
thyrotropin	B-Chemical
-	O
releasing	O
hormone	O
modulate	O
the	O
hypercapnic	B-Disease
ventilatory	O
response	O
in	O
humans	O
.	O

Human	O
corticotropin	B-Chemical
-	O
releasing	O
hormone	O
(	O
hCRH	O
)	O
and	O
thyrotropin	B-Chemical
-	O
releasing	O
hormone	O
(	O
TRH	O
)	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
stimulate	O
ventilation	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
administration	O
in	O
humans	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
single	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
we	O
aimed	O
to	O
clarify	O
if	O
both	O
peptides	O
act	O
by	O
altering	O
central	O
chemosensitivity	O
.	O

Two	O
subsequent	O
CO2	B-Chemical
-	O
rebreathing	O
tests	O
were	O
performed	O
in	O
healthy	O
young	O
volunteers	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
first	O
test	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
NaCl	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
;	O
during	O
the	O
second	O
test	O
200	O
micrograms	O
of	O
hCRH	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
or	O
400	O
micrograms	O
of	O
TRH	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
Nine	O
subjects	O
received	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
NaCl	B-Chemical
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
during	O
both	O
rebreathing	O
manoeuvres	O
.	O

The	O
CO2	B-Chemical
-	O
response	O
curves	O
for	O
the	O
two	O
tests	O
were	O
compared	O
within	O
the	O
same	O
subject	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
hCRH	O
group	O
a	O
marked	O
parallel	O
shift	O
of	O
the	O
CO2	B-Chemical
-	O
response	O
curve	O
to	O
the	O
left	O
was	O
observed	O
after	O
hCRH	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
same	O
effect	O
occurred	O
following	O
TRH	O
but	O
was	O
less	O
striking	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

hCRH	O
and	O
TRH	O
caused	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
CO2	B-Chemical
threshold	O
.	O

The	O
CO2	B-Chemical
-	O
response	O
curves	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
were	O
nearly	O
identical	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
an	O
additive	O
effect	O
of	O
both	O
releasing	O
hormones	O
on	O
the	O
hypercapnic	B-Disease
ventilatory	O
response	O
in	O
humans	O
,	O
presumably	O
independent	O
of	O
central	O
chemosensitivity	O
.	O

Lamivudine	B-Chemical
is	O
effective	O
in	O
suppressing	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
DNA	O
in	O
Chinese	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
carriers	O
:	O
a	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
.	O

Lamivudine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
novel	O
2	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dideoxy	I-Chemical
cytosine	I-Chemical
analogue	O
that	O
has	O
potent	O
inhibitory	O
effects	O
on	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
replication	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

We	O
performed	O
a	O
single	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
study	O
to	O
assess	O
its	O
effectiveness	O
and	O
safety	O
in	O
Chinese	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
(	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
)	O
carriers	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
two	O
Chinese	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
carriers	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
placebo	O
(	O
6	O
patients	O
)	O
or	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
orally	O
in	O
dosages	O
of	O
25	O
mg	O
,	O
100	O
mg	O
,	O
or	O
300	O
mg	O
daily	O
(	O
12	O
patients	O
for	O
each	O
dosage	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
drug	O
was	O
given	O
for	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
were	O
closely	O
monitored	O
clinically	O
,	O
biochemically	O
,	O
and	O
serologically	O
up	O
to	O
4	O
weeks	O
after	O
drug	O
treatment	O
.	O

All	O
36	O
patients	O
receiving	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
had	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HBV	O
)	O
DNA	O
values	O
of	O
>	O
90	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
001	O
compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
25	O
mg	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
was	O
slightly	O
less	O
effective	O
than	O
100	O
mg	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
011	O
)	O
and	O
300	O
mg	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
,	O
it	O
still	O
induced	O
94	O
%	O
suppression	O
of	O
HBV	O
DNA	O
after	O
the	O
fourth	O
week	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

HBV	O
DNA	O
values	O
returned	O
to	O
pretreatment	O
levels	O
within	O
4	O
weeks	O
of	O
cessation	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
e	O
antigen	O
status	O
or	O
in	O
aminotransferase	O
levels	O
.	O

No	O
serious	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
a	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
course	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
was	O
safe	O
and	O
effective	O
in	O
suppression	O
of	O
HBV	O
DNA	O
in	O
Chinese	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
carriers	O
.	O

The	O
suppression	O
was	O
>	O
90	O
%	O
but	O
reversible	O
.	O

Studies	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
administration	O
should	O
be	O
performed	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
prolonged	O
suppression	O
of	O
HBV	O
DNA	O
can	O
be	O
achieved	O
.	O

Population	O
-	O
based	O
study	O
of	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
various	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Four	O
studies	O
published	O
since	O
December	O
,	O
1995	O
,	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
was	O
higher	O
in	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
(	O
OCs	B-Chemical
)	O
containing	O
the	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
progestagens	B-Chemical
gestodene	B-Chemical
or	O
desogestrel	B-Chemical
than	O
in	O
users	O
of	O
OCs	B-Chemical
containing	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
progestagens	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
confounding	O
and	O
bias	O
in	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
these	O
studies	O
may	O
have	O
affected	O
the	O
findings	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
our	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
re	O
-	O
examine	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
and	O
OC	B-Chemical
use	O
with	O
a	O
different	O
study	O
design	O
and	O
analysis	O
to	O
avoid	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
bias	O
and	O
confounding	O
of	O
the	O
earlier	O
studies	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
used	O
computer	O
records	O
of	O
patients	O
from	O
143	O
general	O
practices	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
.	O

The	O
study	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
medical	O
records	O
of	O
about	O
540	O
,	O
000	O
women	O
born	O
between	O
1941	O
and	O
1981	O
.	O

All	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
a	O
recorded	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
deep	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
vein	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
,	O
venous	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
not	O
otherwise	O
specified	O
,	O
or	O
pulmonary	O
embolus	O
during	O
the	O
study	O
period	O
,	O
and	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
an	O
anticoagulant	O
were	O
identified	O
as	O
potential	O
cases	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
did	O
a	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
to	O
estimate	O
and	O
compare	O
incidence	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
in	O
users	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
OC	B-Chemical
preparations	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
nested	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
to	O
calculate	O
the	O
odds	O
ratios	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
use	O
of	O
different	O
types	O
of	O
OC	B-Chemical
,	O
after	O
adjustment	O
for	O
potential	O
confounding	O
factors	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
matched	O
cases	O
to	O
controls	O
by	O
exact	O
year	O
of	O
birth	O
,	O
practice	O
,	O
and	O
current	O
use	O
of	O
OCs	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
used	O
a	O
multiple	O
logistic	O
regression	O
model	O
that	O
included	O
body	O
-	O
mass	O
index	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
cycles	O
,	O
change	O
in	O
type	O
of	O
OC	B-Chemical
prescribed	O
within	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
the	O
event	O
,	O
previous	O
pregnancy	O
,	O
and	O
concurrent	O
disease	O
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
85	O
women	O
met	O
the	O
inclusion	O
criteria	O
for	O
VTE	B-Disease
,	O
two	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
users	O
of	O
progestagen	B-Chemical
-	O
only	O
OCs	B-Chemical
.	O

Of	O
the	O
83	O
cases	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
use	O
of	O
combined	O
OCs	B-Chemical
,	O
43	O
were	O
recorded	O
as	O
deep	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
vein	I-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
,	O
35	O
as	O
pulmonary	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
five	O
as	O
venous	B-Disease
thrombosis	I-Disease
not	O
otherwise	O
specified	O
.	O

The	O
crude	O
rate	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
per	O
10	O
,	O
000	O
woman	O
-	O
years	O
was	O
4	O
.	O
10	O
in	O
current	O
users	O
of	O
any	O
OC	B-Chemical
,	O
3	O
.	O
10	O
in	O
users	O
of	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
OCs	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
4	O
.	O
96	O
in	O
users	O
of	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
preparations	O
.	O

After	O
adjustment	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
the	O
rate	O
ratio	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
in	O
users	O
of	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
relative	O
to	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
OCs	B-Chemical
was	O
1	O
.	O
68	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
04	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
75	O
)	O
.	O

Logistic	O
regression	O
showed	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
between	O
users	O
of	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
and	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
OCs	B-Chemical
.	O

Among	O
users	O
of	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
progestagens	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
was	O
higher	O
in	O
users	O
of	O
desogestrel	B-Chemical
with	O
20	O
g	O
ethinyloestradiol	B-Chemical
than	O
in	O
users	O
of	O
gestodene	B-Chemical
or	O
desogestrel	B-Chemical
with	O
30	O
g	O
ethinyloestradiol	B-Chemical
.	O

With	O
all	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
OCs	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
reference	O
,	O
the	O
odds	O
ratios	O
for	O
VTE	B-Disease
were	O
3	O
.	O
49	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
21	O
-	O
10	O
.	O
12	O
)	O
for	O
desogestrel	B-Chemical
plus	O
20	O
g	O
ethinyloestradiol	B-Chemical
and	O
1	O
.	O
18	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
66	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
17	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
other	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
progestagens	B-Chemical
.	O

INTERPRETATION	O
:	O
The	O
previously	O
reported	O
increase	O
in	O
odds	O
ratio	O
associated	O
with	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
OCs	B-Chemical
when	O
compared	O
with	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
products	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
residual	O
confounding	O
by	O
age	O
.	O

The	O
increased	O
odds	O
ratio	O
associated	O
with	O
products	O
containing	O
20	O
micrograms	O
ethinyloestradiol	B-Chemical
and	O
desogestrel	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
the	O
30	O
micrograms	O
product	O
is	O
biologically	O
implausible	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
preferential	O
prescribing	O
and	O
,	O
thus	O
,	O
confounding	O
.	O

MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
augments	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
electrographic	O
seizure	B-Disease
but	O
protects	O
against	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

1	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
examined	O
the	O
anticonvulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
on	O
the	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizure	B-Disease
model	O
.	O

Intraperitoneal	O
injection	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
(	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
induced	O
tonic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
.	O

Scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
prevented	O
development	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
behavioral	O
seizure	B-Disease
but	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
.	O

2	O
.	O

An	O
electrical	O
seizure	B-Disease
measured	O
with	O
hippocampal	O
EEG	O
appeared	O
in	O
the	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
.	O

Scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
blocked	O
the	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
electrographic	O
seizure	B-Disease
,	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
treatment	O
augmented	O
the	O
electrographic	O
seizure	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

3	O
.	O

Brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
examining	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
microscopically	O
.	O

Pilocarpine	B-Chemical
produced	O
neuronal	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
,	O
which	O
showed	O
pyknotic	O
changes	O
.	O

Pentobarbital	B-Chemical
,	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
protected	O
the	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
,	O
though	O
in	O
the	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
,	O
the	O
pyramidal	O
cells	O
of	O
hippocampus	O
appeared	O
darker	O
than	O
normal	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
treatments	O
,	O
granule	O
cells	O
of	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
were	O
not	O
affected	O
.	O

4	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
is	O
initiated	O
by	O
cholinergic	O
overstimulation	O
and	O
propagated	O
by	O
glutamatergic	O
transmission	O
,	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
which	O
may	O
cause	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
through	O
an	O
excitatory	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
-	O
mediated	O
mechanism	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
:	O
BRE	O
-	O
26	O
,	O
a	O
phase	O
II	O
trial	O
.	O

5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Fluorouracil	I-Chemical
plus	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
and	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
Taxol	B-Chemical
;	O
Bristol	O
-	O
Myers	O
Squibb	O
Company	O
,	O
Princeton	O
,	O
NJ	O
)	O
are	O
effective	O
salvage	O
therapies	O
for	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
have	O
additive	O
cytotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
MCF	O
-	O
7	O
cell	O
lines	O
.	O

We	O
performed	O
a	O
phase	O
II	O
trial	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
175	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
over	O
3	O
hours	O
on	O
day	O
I	O
followed	O
by	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
300	O
mg	O
over	O
1	O
hour	O
before	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
350	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
to	O
3	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
(	O
TFL	O
)	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Analysis	O
is	O
reported	O
on	O
37	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
6	O
months	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
who	O
received	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
192	O
cycles	O
of	O
TFL	O
:	O
nine	O
cycles	O
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
grade	O
3	O
/	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
requiring	O
hospitalization	O
;	O
seven	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
cycles	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
required	O
granulocyte	B-Chemical
colony	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
stimulating	I-Chemical
factor	I-Chemical
due	O
to	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
;	O
no	O
patient	O
required	O
platelet	O
transfusions	O
.	O

Grade	O
3	O
/	O
4	O
nonhematologic	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
uncommon	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
34	O
patients	O
evaluable	O
for	O
response	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
three	O
complete	O
responses	O
(	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
18	O
partial	O
responses	O
(	O
53	O
%	O
)	O
for	O
an	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
62	O
%	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
19	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
with	O
prior	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
,	O
11	O
(	O
58	O
%	O
)	O
responded	O
compared	O
with	O
nine	O
of	O
15	O
(	O
60	O
%	O
)	O
without	O
prior	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Plasma	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
measured	O
at	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
infusion	O
and	O
at	O
24	O
hours	O
in	O
19	O
patients	O
.	O

TFL	O
is	O
an	O
active	O
,	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
regimen	O
in	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Efficacy	O
and	O
proarrhythmia	B-Disease
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
for	O
sustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
study	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
the	O
clinical	O
efficacy	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
presumable	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
for	O
sustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

Eighty	O
-	O
one	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
(	O
54	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
20	O
with	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
)	O
with	O
inducible	O
sustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
or	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
received	O
oral	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
to	O
prevent	O
induction	O
of	O
the	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmia	I-Disease
.	O

During	O
oral	O
loading	O
with	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
,	O
continuous	O
electrocardiographic	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
monitoring	O
was	O
performed	O
.	O

Those	O
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
prevented	O
induction	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
or	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
were	O
discharged	O
with	O
the	O
drug	O
and	O
followed	O
up	O
on	O
an	O
outpatient	O
basis	O
for	O
21	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
18	O
months	O
.	O

Induction	O
of	O
the	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmia	I-Disease
was	O
prevented	O
by	O
oral	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
in	O
35	O
(	O
43	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
;	O
the	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmia	I-Disease
remained	O
inducible	O
in	O
40	O
(	O
49	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
;	O
and	O
two	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
did	O
not	O
tolerate	O
even	O
40	O
mg	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
once	O
daily	O
.	O

Four	O
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
had	O
from	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
during	O
the	O
initial	O
oral	O
treatment	O
with	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
.	O

Neither	O
ECG	O
[	O
sinus	O
-	O
cycle	O
length	O
(	O
SCL	O
)	O
,	O
QT	O
or	O
QTc	O
interval	O
,	O
or	O
U	O
wave	O
]	O
nor	O
clinical	O
parameters	O
identified	O
patients	O
at	O
risk	O
for	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
oral	O
dose	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
200	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
46	O
vs	O
.	O
328	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
53	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
;	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0017	O
)	O
.	O

Risk	O
factors	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
were	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
an	O
U	O
wave	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
049	O
)	O
,	O
female	O
gender	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
015	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
significant	O
dose	O
-	O
corrected	O
changes	O
of	O
SCL	O
,	O
QT	O
interval	O
,	O
and	O
QTc	O
interval	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

During	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
,	O
seven	O
(	O
20	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
nonfatal	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
recurrence	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
(	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
died	O
suddenly	O
.	O

One	O
female	O
patient	O
with	O
stable	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
had	O
recurrent	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
after	O
2	O
years	O
of	O
successful	O
treatment	O
with	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
.	O

Torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
occurred	O
early	O
during	O
treatment	O
even	O
with	O
low	O
doses	O
of	O
oral	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
.	O

Pronounced	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
surface	O
ECG	O
(	O
cycle	O
length	O
,	O
QT	O
,	O
and	O
QTc	O
)	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
oral	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
might	O
identify	O
a	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
for	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
.	O

Other	O
ECG	O
parameters	O
before	O
the	O
application	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
did	O
not	O
identify	O
patients	O
at	O
increased	O
risk	O
for	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
.	O

Recurrence	O
rates	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmias	I-Disease
are	O
high	O
despite	O
complete	O
suppression	O
of	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
during	O
programmed	O
stimulation	O
.	O

Therefore	O
programmed	O
electrical	O
stimulation	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
d	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
sotalol	I-Chemical
seems	O
to	O
be	O
of	O
limited	O
prognostic	O
value	O
.	O

Chronic	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
and	O
changes	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
neurons	O
.	O

The	O
tuberoinfundibular	O
dopaminergic	O
(	O
TIDA	O
)	O
system	O
is	O
known	O
to	O
inhibit	O
prolactin	O
(	O
PRL	O
)	O
secretion	O
.	O

In	O
young	O
animals	O
this	O
system	O
responds	O
to	O
acute	O
elevations	O
in	O
serum	O
PRL	O
by	O
increasing	O
its	O
activity	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
this	O
responsiveness	O
is	O
lost	O
in	O
aging	O
rats	O
with	O
chronically	O
high	O
serum	O
PRL	O
levels	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
induce	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
for	O
extended	O
periods	O
of	O
time	O
and	O
examine	O
its	O
effects	O
on	O
dopaminergic	O
systems	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

Hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
treatment	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
and	O
Palkovits	O
'	O
microdissection	O
technique	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
performance	O
liquid	O
chromatography	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
measure	O
neurotransmitter	O
concentrations	O
in	O
several	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

After	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
,	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
concentrations	O
in	O
the	O
median	O
eminence	O
(	O
ME	O
)	O
increased	O
by	O
84	O
%	O
over	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

Nine	O
months	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
produced	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
increase	O
in	O
DA	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
in	O
the	O
ME	O
over	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
DA	B-Chemical
response	O
was	O
lost	O
if	O
a	O
9	O
-	O
month	O
long	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
was	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
1	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
month	O
-	O
long	O
extremely	O
high	O
increase	O
in	O
serum	O
PRL	O
levels	O
produced	O
by	O
implantation	O
of	O
MMQ	O
cells	O
under	O
the	O
kidney	O
capsule	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
DA	B-Chemical
,	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
NE	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
or	O
their	O
metabolites	O
in	O
the	O
arcuate	O
nucleus	O
(	O
AN	O
)	O
,	O
medial	O
preoptic	O
area	O
(	O
MPA	O
)	O
,	O
caudate	O
putamen	O
(	O
CP	O
)	O
,	O
substantia	O
nigra	O
(	O
SN	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
zona	O
incerta	O
(	O
ZI	O
)	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxyindoleacetic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HIAA	I-Chemical
)	O
in	O
the	O
AN	O
after	O
6	O
-	O
months	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
DA	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
in	O
the	O
AN	O
after	O
9	O
-	O
months	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
specifically	O
affects	O
TIDA	O
neurons	O
and	O
these	O
effects	O
vary	O
,	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
duration	O
and	O
intensity	O
of	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
age	O
-	O
related	O
decrease	O
in	O
hypothalamic	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
function	O
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
increases	O
in	O
PRL	O
secretion	O
.	O

Treatment	O
-	O
related	O
disseminated	O
necrotizing	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
with	O
characteristic	O
contrast	O
enhancement	O
of	O
the	O
white	O
matter	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
describes	O
unique	O
contrast	O
enhancement	O
of	O
the	O
white	O
matter	O
on	O
T1	O
-	O
weighted	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
images	O
of	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
disseminated	O
necrotizing	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
developed	O
from	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
both	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
enhancement	O
was	O
more	O
pronounced	O
near	O
the	O
base	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
than	O
at	O
the	O
vertex	O
.	O

Necropsy	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
revealed	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
myelination	I-Disease
and	O
necrosis	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
white	O
matter	O
.	O

Possible	O
mechanisms	O
causing	O
such	O
a	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Thrombotic	B-Disease
complications	O
in	O
acute	B-Disease
promyelocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
during	O
all	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trans	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
retinoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
due	O
to	O
occlusion	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
vessels	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
promyelocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
(	O
APL	B-Disease
)	O
treated	O
with	O
all	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trans	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
retinoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
has	O
been	O
described	O
recently	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
an	O
APL	B-Disease
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
further	O
supports	O
the	O
concern	O
about	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
complications	O
associated	O
with	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
APL	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
,	O
a	O
43	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
,	O
presented	O
all	O
the	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
APL	B-Disease
and	O
was	O
included	O
in	O
a	O
treatment	O
protocol	O
with	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
10	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
he	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
that	O
was	O
completely	O
reversible	O
after	O
complete	O
remission	O
of	O
APL	B-Disease
was	O
achieved	O
and	O
therapy	O
discontinued	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
ATRA	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
valid	O
therapeutic	O
choice	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
APL	B-Disease
,	O
although	O
the	O
procoagulant	O
tendency	O
is	O
not	O
completely	O
corrected	O
.	O

Thrombotic	B-Disease
events	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
could	O
be	O
avoided	O
by	O
using	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
heparin	B-Chemical
.	O

Pupillary	O
changes	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
stimulant	O
-	O
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

A	O
30	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
man	O
who	O
was	O
a	O
subject	O
in	O
a	O
study	O
evaluating	O
the	O
anticraving	O
efficacy	O
of	O
the	O
stimulant	O
medication	O
diethylpropion	B-Chemical
(	O
DEP	B-Chemical
)	O
became	O
manic	B-Disease
during	O
his	O
second	O
week	O
on	O
the	O
study	O
drug	O
.	O

Pupillometric	O
changes	O
while	O
on	O
DEP	B-Chemical
,	O
especially	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
total	O
power	O
of	O
pupillary	B-Disease
oscillation	I-Disease
,	O
were	O
dramatically	O
different	O
than	O
those	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
eight	O
other	O
study	O
subjects	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
become	O
manic	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
large	O
changes	O
in	O
total	O
power	O
of	O
pupillary	B-Disease
oscillation	I-Disease
occurred	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
before	O
the	O
patient	O
became	O
fully	O
manic	B-Disease
.	O

Such	O
medication	O
-	O
associated	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
total	O
power	O
of	O
pupillary	B-Disease
oscillation	I-Disease
might	O
be	O
of	O
utility	O
in	O
identifying	O
persons	O
at	O
risk	O
for	O
manic	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
adverse	O
effects	O
during	O
the	O
medical	O
use	O
of	O
psychomotor	O
stimulants	O
or	O
sympathomimetic	O
agents	O
.	O

Fetal	O
risks	O
due	O
to	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
during	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

Two	O
mothers	O
with	O
heart	O
valve	O
prosthesis	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
during	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
a	O
caesarean	O
section	O
was	O
done	O
one	O
week	O
after	O
replacement	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
with	O
heparin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
baby	O
died	O
of	O
cerebral	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
second	O
mother	O
had	O
a	O
male	O
infant	O
by	O
caesarean	O
section	O
.	O

The	O
baby	O
showed	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
embryopathy	B-Disease
with	O
nasal	B-Disease
hypoplasia	I-Disease
and	O
stippled	B-Disease
epiphyses	I-Disease
(	O
chondrodysplasia	B-Disease
punctata	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Nasal	B-Disease
hypoplasia	I-Disease
with	O
or	O
without	O
stippled	B-Disease
epiphyses	I-Disease
has	O
now	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
11	O
infants	O
born	O
to	O
mothers	O
treated	O
with	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
during	O
the	O
first	O
trimester	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
causal	O
association	O
is	O
probable	O
.	O

In	O
view	O
of	O
the	O
risks	O
to	O
both	O
mother	O
and	O
fetus	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
prosthetic	O
cardiac	O
valves	O
it	O
is	O
recommended	O
that	O
therapeutic	O
abortion	O
be	O
advised	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
alternative	O
.	O

The	O
negative	O
mucosal	O
potential	O
:	O
separating	O
central	O
and	O
peripheral	O
effects	O
of	O
NSAIDs	O
in	O
man	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
wanted	O
to	O
test	O
whether	O
assessment	O
of	O
both	O
a	O
central	O
pain	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
signal	O
(	O
chemo	O
-	O
somatosensory	O
evoked	O
potential	O
,	O
CSSEP	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
concomitantly	O
recorded	O
peripheral	O
signal	O
(	O
negative	O
mucosal	O
potential	O
,	O
NMP	O
)	O
allows	O
for	O
separation	O
of	O
central	O
and	O
peripheral	O
effects	O
of	O
NSAIDs	O
.	O

For	O
this	O
purpose	O
,	O
experimental	O
conditions	O
were	O
created	O
in	O
which	O
NSAIDs	O
had	O
previously	O
been	O
observed	O
to	O
produce	O
effects	O
on	O
phasic	O
and	O
tonic	O
pain	B-Disease
by	O
either	O
central	O
or	O
peripheral	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
According	O
to	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
randomised	O
,	O
controlled	O
,	O
threefold	O
cross	O
-	O
over	O
design	O
,	O
18	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
(	O
11	O
males	O
,	O
7	O
females	O
;	O
mean	O
age	O
26	O
years	O
)	O
received	O
either	O
placebo	O
,	O
400	O
mg	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
800	O
mg	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
.	O

Phasic	O
pain	B-Disease
was	O
applied	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
short	O
pulses	O
of	O
CO2	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
nasal	O
mucosa	O
(	O
stimulus	O
duration	O
500	O
ms	O
,	O
interval	O
approximately	O
60	O
s	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
tonic	O
pain	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
in	O
the	O
nasal	O
cavity	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
dry	O
air	O
of	O
controlled	O
temperature	O
,	O
humidity	O
and	O
flow	O
rate	O
(	O
22	O
degrees	O
C	O
,	O
0	O
%	O
relative	O
humidity	O
,	O
145	O
ml	O
.	O
s	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

Both	O
CSSEPs	O
as	O
central	O
and	O
NMPs	O
as	O
peripheral	O
correlates	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
were	O
obtained	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
CO2	B-Chemical
stimuli	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
subjects	O
rated	O
the	O
intensity	O
of	O
both	O
phasic	O
and	O
tonic	O
pain	B-Disease
by	O
means	O
of	O
visual	O
analogue	O
scales	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
As	O
described	O
earlier	O
,	O
administration	O
of	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
was	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
tonic	O
pain	B-Disease
but	O
-	O
relative	O
to	O
placebo	O
-	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
correlates	O
of	O
phasic	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
specific	O
effect	O
of	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
interaction	O
between	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
stimuli	O
under	O
these	O
special	O
experimental	O
conditions	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
the	O
similar	O
behaviour	O
of	O
CSSEP	O
and	O
NMP	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
concluded	O
that	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
process	O
underlying	O
this	O
phenomenon	O
was	O
localised	O
in	O
the	O
periphery	O
.	O

By	O
means	O
of	O
the	O
simultaneous	O
recording	O
of	O
interrelated	O
peripheral	O
and	O
central	O
electrophysiologic	O
correlates	O
of	O
nociception	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
possible	O
to	O
separate	O
central	O
and	O
peripheral	O
effects	O
of	O
an	O
NSAID	O
.	O

The	O
major	O
advantage	O
of	O
this	O
pain	B-Disease
model	O
is	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
obtaining	O
peripheral	O
pain	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
activity	O
directly	O
using	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
invasive	O
technique	O
in	O
humans	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Glucarates	I-Chemical
on	O
basic	O
antibiotic	O
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Dehydrated	B-Disease
rats	O
regularly	O
develop	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
following	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
antibiotics	O
combined	O
with	O
dextran	O
or	O
of	O
antibiotics	O
only	O
.	O

Oral	O
administration	O
of	O
2	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
di	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
O	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acetyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucaro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dilactone	I-Chemical
protected	O
rats	O
against	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
dextran	O
.	O

The	O
protective	O
effect	O
was	O
prevalent	O
among	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarates	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
also	O
to	O
other	O
saccharic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
hexauronic	B-Chemical
acids	I-Chemical
and	O
hexaaldonic	B-Chemical
acids	I-Chemical
,	O
although	O
to	O
a	O
lesser	O
degree	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
to	O
a	O
hexaaldose	O
,	O
sugar	B-Chemical
alcohols	I-Chemical
,	O
substances	O
inthe	O
TCA	B-Chemical
cycle	O
and	O
other	O
acidic	O
compounds	O
.	O

D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Glucarates	I-Chemical
were	O
effective	O
against	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
peptide	O
antibiotics	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
various	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
antibitocis	O
.	O

Dose	O
-	O
responses	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Glucarates	I-Chemical
.	O

With	O
a	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
of	O
a	O
fixed	O
size	O
of	O
dose	O
,	O
approximately	O
the	O
same	O
degree	O
of	O
protection	O
was	O
obtained	O
against	O
renal	B-Disease
damages	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
different	O
basic	O
antibiotics	O
despite	O
large	O
disparities	O
in	O
administration	O
doses	O
of	O
different	O
antibiotics	O
.	O

D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Glucarates	I-Chemical
had	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
prevent	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
but	O
not	O
to	O
cure	O
it	O
.	O

Rats	O
excreted	O
acidic	O
urine	O
when	O
they	O
were	O
spared	O
from	O
renal	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
by	O
monosaccharides	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
reduction	O
effect	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarates	I-Chemical
against	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
basic	O
antibiotics	O
was	O
discussed	O
.	O

Acute	O
severe	O
depression	B-Disease
following	O
peri	O
-	O
operative	O
ondansetron	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
41	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
a	O
strong	O
history	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
nausea	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
presented	O
for	O
abdominal	O
hysterectomy	O
3	O
months	O
after	O
a	O
previous	O
anaesthetic	O
where	O
ondansetron	B-Chemical
prophylaxis	O
had	O
been	O
used	O
.	O

She	O
had	O
developed	O
a	O
severe	O
acute	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
almost	O
immediately	O
thereafter	O
,	O
possibly	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
.	O

Nine	O
years	O
before	O
she	O
had	O
experienced	O
a	O
self	O
-	O
limited	O
puerperal	O
depressive	B-Disease
episode	I-Disease
.	O

Anaesthesia	O
with	O
a	O
propofol	B-Chemical
infusion	O
and	O
avoidance	O
of	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
provided	O
a	O
nausea	B-Disease
-	O
free	O
postoperative	O
course	O
without	O
exacerbation	O
of	O
the	O
depression	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Hypertensive	B-Disease
response	O
during	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Among	O
3	O
,	O
129	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
echocardiographic	O
studies	O
,	O
a	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
response	O
,	O
defined	O
as	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
220	O
mm	O
Hg	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
110	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
occurred	O
in	O
30	O
patients	O
(	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
this	O
response	O
more	O
often	O
had	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
had	O
higher	O
resting	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
before	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

Continuously	O
nebulized	O
albuterol	B-Chemical
in	O
severe	O
exacerbations	O
of	O
asthma	B-Disease
in	O
adults	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
-	O
controlled	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
retrospective	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
controlled	O
analysis	O
comparing	O
patients	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
medical	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
with	O
severe	O
exacerbations	O
of	O
asthma	B-Disease
who	O
received	O
continuously	O
nebulized	O
albuterol	B-Chemical
(	O
CNA	O
)	O
versus	O
intermittent	O
albuterol	B-Chemical
(	O
INA	O
)	O
treatments	O
is	O
reported	O
.	O

Forty	O
matched	O
pairs	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
asthma	B-Disease
are	O
compared	O
.	O

CNA	O
was	O
administered	O
for	O
a	O
mean	O
of	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
hr	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysrhythmias	I-Disease
was	O
similar	O
between	O
groups	O
.	O

Symptomatic	O
hypokalemia	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
occur	O
.	O

CNA	O
patients	O
had	O
higher	O
heart	O
rates	O
during	O
treatment	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
reflect	O
severity	O
of	O
illness	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
intubation	O
was	O
similar	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
CNA	O
and	O
INA	O
demonstrated	O
similar	O
profiles	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
safety	O
,	O
morbidity	O
,	O
and	O
mortality	O
.	O

Paraplegia	B-Disease
following	O
intrathecal	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
:	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
case	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

A	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
paraplegia	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
intrathecal	O
instillation	O
of	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
is	O
discribed	O
.	O

The	O
ten	O
previously	O
reported	O
cases	O
of	O
this	O
unusual	O
complication	O
are	O
reviewed	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
factors	O
appear	O
to	O
predispose	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
this	O
complication	O
:	O
abnormal	O
cerebrospinal	O
dynamics	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
central	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
epidural	O
cerebrospinal	O
leakage	O
;	O
elevated	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
methothexate	B-Chemical
concentration	O
related	O
to	O
abnormal	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
dynamics	O
and	O
to	O
inappropriately	O
high	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
doses	O
based	O
on	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
calculations	O
in	O
older	O
children	O
and	O
adults	O
;	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
preservatives	O
in	O
commercially	O
available	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
preparations	O
and	O
diluents	O
;	O
and	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
diluents	O
of	O
unphysiologic	O
pH	O
,	O
ionic	O
content	O
and	O
osmolarity	O
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
contaminants	O
,	O
local	O
folate	B-Disease
deficiency	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
cranial	O
irradiation	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
intrathecal	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
is	O
unclear	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
reduced	O
by	O
employing	O
lower	O
doses	O
of	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
central	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
,	O
in	O
older	O
children	O
and	O
adults	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
epidural	O
leakage	O
.	O

Only	O
preservative	O
-	O
free	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
in	O
Elliott	O
'	O
s	O
B	O
Solution	O
at	O
a	O
concentration	O
of	O
not	O
more	O
than	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
intrathecal	O
administration	O
.	O

Periodic	O
monitoring	O
of	O
cerebruspinal	O
fluid	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
levels	O
may	O
be	O
predictive	O
of	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
serious	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Hyperosmolar	B-Disease
nonketotic	I-Disease
coma	I-Disease
precipitated	O
by	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
45	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
history	O
of	O
manic	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
admitted	O
with	O
hyperosmolar	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
nonketotic	I-Disease
coma	I-Disease
.	O

He	O
gave	O
a	O
five	O
-	O
year	O
history	O
of	O
polyuria	B-Disease
and	O
polydipsia	B-Disease
,	O
during	O
which	O
time	O
urinalysis	O
had	O
been	O
negative	O
for	O
glucose	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
from	O
hyperglycaemia	B-Disease
,	O
he	O
remained	O
polyuric	B-Disease
despite	O
normal	O
blood	O
glucose	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
;	O
water	O
deprivation	O
testing	O
indicated	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
,	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
.	O

We	O
hypothesize	O
that	O
when	O
this	O
man	O
developed	O
type	B-Disease
2	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
,	O
chronic	O
polyuria	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
nephrogenic	B-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
was	O
sufficient	O
to	O
precipitate	O
hyperosmolar	O
dehydration	B-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
the	O
intracoronary	O
infusion	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
function	O
in	O
humans	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
In	O
dogs	O
,	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
intravenous	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
causes	O
a	O
profound	O
deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
left	I-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
LV	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
LV	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
done	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
a	O
high	O
intracoronary	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
on	O
LV	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
function	O
in	O
humans	O
.	O

METHODS	O
AND	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
20	O
patients	O
(	O
14	O
men	O
and	O
6	O
women	O
aged	O
39	O
to	O
72	O
years	O
)	O
referred	O
for	O
cardiac	O
catheterization	O
for	O
the	O
evaluation	O
of	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
measured	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
systemic	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
,	O
LV	O
pressure	O
and	O
its	O
first	O
derivative	O
(	O
dP	O
/	O
dt	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
LV	O
volumes	O
and	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
before	O
and	O
during	O
the	O
final	O
2	O
to	O
3	O
minutes	O
of	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
intracoronary	O
infusion	O
of	O
saline	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
,	O
control	O
subjects	O
)	O
or	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
/	O
min	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
variable	O
changed	O
with	O
saline	O
.	O

With	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
drug	O
concentration	O
in	O
blood	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
coronary	O
sinus	O
was	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
mg	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
similar	O
in	O
magnitude	O
to	O
the	O
blood	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
reported	O
in	O
abusers	O
dying	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
induced	O
no	O
significant	O
change	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
LV	O
dP	O
/	O
dt	O
(	O
positive	O
or	O
negative	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
LV	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
volume	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
caused	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
systolic	O
and	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressures	O
,	O
LV	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
,	O
and	O
LV	O
end	O
-	O
systolic	O
volume	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
LV	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
humans	O
,	O
the	O
intracoronary	O
infusion	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
sufficient	O
in	O
amount	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
high	O
drug	O
concentration	O
in	O
coronary	O
sinus	O
blood	O
causes	O
a	O
deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
LV	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
diastolic	I-Disease
performance	I-Disease
.	O

Ascending	O
dose	O
tolerance	O
study	O
of	O
intramuscular	O
carbetocin	B-Chemical
administered	O
after	O
normal	O
vaginal	O
birth	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
maximum	O
tolerated	O
dose	O
(	O
MTD	O
)	O
of	O
carbetocin	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
acting	O
synthetic	O
analogue	O
of	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
when	O
administered	O
immediately	O
after	O
vaginal	O
delivery	O
at	O
term	O
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Carbetocin	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
as	O
an	O
intramuscular	O
injection	O
immediately	O
after	O
the	O
birth	O
of	O
the	O
infant	O
in	O
45	O
healthy	O
women	O
with	O
normal	O
singleton	O
pregnancies	O
who	O
delivered	O
vaginally	O
at	O
term	O
.	O

Dosage	O
groups	O
of	O
15	O
,	O
30	O
,	O
50	O
,	O
75	O
,	O
100	O
,	O
125	O
,	O
150	O
,	O
175	O
or	O
200	O
microg	O
carbetocin	B-Chemical
were	O
assigned	O
to	O
blocks	O
of	O
three	O
women	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
continual	O
reassessment	O
method	O
(	O
CRM	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
dosage	O
groups	O
consisted	O
of	O
three	O
women	O
,	O
except	O
those	O
with	O
100	O
microg	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
and	O
200	O
microg	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
18	O
)	O
.	O

Recorded	O
were	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
adverse	O
events	O
:	O
hyper	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
(	O
three	O
)	O
,	O
severe	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
(	O
0	O
)	O
,	O
vomiting	B-Disease
(	O
0	O
)	O
and	O
retained	B-Disease
placenta	I-Disease
(	O
four	O
)	O
.	O

Serious	O
adverse	O
events	O
occurred	O
in	O
seven	O
women	O
:	O
six	O
cases	O
with	O
blood	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
>	O
or	O
=	O
1000	O
ml	O
,	O
four	O
cases	O
of	O
manual	O
placenta	O
removal	O
,	O
five	O
cases	O
of	O
additional	O
oxytocics	O
administration	O
and	O
five	O
cases	O
of	O
blood	O
transfusion	O
.	O

Maximum	O
blood	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
was	O
greatest	O
at	O
the	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
dose	O
levels	O
,	O
and	O
lowest	O
in	O
the	O
70	O
-	O
125	O
microg	O
dose	O
range	O
.	O

Four	O
out	O
of	O
six	O
cases	O
with	O
blood	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
>	O
or	O
=	O
1000	O
ml	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
200	O
microg	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
of	O
additional	O
administration	O
of	O
oxytocics	O
(	O
4	O
/	O
5	O
)	O
and	O
blood	O
transfusion	O
(	O
3	O
/	O
5	O
)	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
dose	O
groups	O
of	O
200	O
microg	O
.	O

All	O
retained	O
placentae	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
of	O
200	O
microg	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
MTD	O
was	O
calculated	O
to	O
be	O
at	O
200	O
microg	O
carbetocin	B-Chemical
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
paradoxical	O
thromboembolism	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
other	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Although	O
several	O
new	O
anticoagulant	O
drugs	O
are	O
in	O
development	O
,	O
heparin	B-Chemical
remains	O
the	O
drug	O
of	O
choice	O
for	O
most	O
anticoagulation	O
needs	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
effects	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
are	O
meritorious	O
,	O
but	O
side	O
effects	O
do	O
exist	O
.	O

Important	O
untoward	O
effects	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
including	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
,	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
,	O
skin	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
,	O
allergic	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
other	O
than	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
and	O
alopecia	B-Disease
will	O
be	O
discussed	O
in	O
this	O
article	O
.	O

Nonopaque	O
crystal	O
deposition	O
causing	O
ureteric	B-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
HIV	O
undergoing	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
describe	O
the	O
unique	O
CT	O
features	O
of	O
ureteric	B-Disease
calculi	I-Disease
in	O
six	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
receiving	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
most	O
commonly	O
used	O
HIV	O
protease	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
urolithiasis	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Ureteric	B-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
precipitated	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
crystals	O
may	O
be	O
difficult	O
to	O
diagnose	O
with	O
unenhanced	O
CT	O
.	O

The	O
calculi	O
are	O
not	O
opaque	O
,	O
and	O
secondary	O
signs	O
of	O
obstruction	O
may	O
be	O
absent	O
or	O
minimal	O
and	O
should	O
be	O
sought	O
carefully	O
.	O

Images	O
may	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
obtained	O
using	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
contrast	O
material	O
to	O
enable	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
ureteric	B-Disease
stones	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
HIV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
who	O
receive	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Ischemic	B-Disease
colitis	I-Disease
and	O
sumatriptan	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Sumatriptan	B-Chemical
succinate	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
-	O
1	O
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptamine	I-Chemical
-	O
1	O
)	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
is	O
an	O
antimigraine	O
drug	O
that	O
is	O
reported	O
to	O
act	O
by	O
selectively	O
constricting	O
intracranial	O
arteries	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
vasopressor	O
responses	O
that	O
are	O
distinct	O
from	O
the	O
cranial	O
circulation	O
have	O
been	O
demonstrated	O
to	O
occur	O
in	O
the	O
systemic	O
,	O
pulmonary	O
,	O
and	O
coronary	O
circulations	O
.	O

Cases	O
have	O
been	O
published	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
vasospasm	I-Disease
,	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
occurring	O
after	O
sumatriptan	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
8	O
serious	O
cases	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
colitis	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
migraine	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
sumatriptan	B-Chemical
.	O

Pallidotomy	O
with	O
the	O
gamma	O
knife	O
:	O
a	O
positive	O
experience	O
.	O

51	O
patients	O
with	O
medically	O
refractory	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
underwent	O
stereotactic	O
posteromedial	O
pallidotomy	O
between	O
August	O
1993	O
and	O
February	O
1997	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
bradykinesia	B-Disease
,	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
29	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
pallidotomies	O
were	O
performed	O
with	O
the	O
Leksell	O
Gamma	O
Knife	O
and	O
in	O
22	O
they	O
were	O
performed	O
with	O
the	O
standard	O
radiofrequency	O
(	O
RF	O
)	O
method	O
.	O

Clinical	O
assessment	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
blinded	O
ratings	O
of	O
Unified	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Rating	O
Scale	O
(	O
UPDRS	O
)	O
scores	O
were	O
carried	O
out	O
pre	O
-	O
and	O
postoperatively	O
.	O

Mean	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
time	O
is	O
20	O
.	O
6	O
months	O
(	O
range	O
6	O
-	O
48	O
)	O
and	O
all	O
except	O
4	O
patients	O
have	O
been	O
followed	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
year	O
.	O

85	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
were	O
relieved	O
of	O
symptoms	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
whether	O
the	O
pallidotomies	O
were	O
performed	O
with	O
the	O
Gamma	O
Knife	O
or	O
radiofrequency	O
methods	O
.	O

About	O
2	O
/	O
3	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
in	O
both	O
Gamma	O
Knife	O
and	O
radiofrequency	O
groups	O
showed	O
improvements	O
in	O
bradykinesia	B-Disease
and	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
although	O
when	O
considered	O
as	O
a	O
group	O
neither	O
the	O
Gamma	O
Knife	O
nor	O
the	O
radiofrequency	O
group	O
showed	O
statistically	O
significant	O
improvements	O
in	O
UPDRS	O
scores	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
in	O
the	O
Gamma	O
Knife	O
group	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
a	O
homonymous	B-Disease
hemianopsia	I-Disease
9	O
months	O
following	O
treatment	O
and	O
5	O
patients	O
(	O
27	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
radiofrequency	O
group	O
became	O
transiently	O
confused	O
postoperatively	O
.	O

No	O
other	O
complications	O
were	O
seen	O
.	O

Gamma	O
Knife	O
pallidotomy	O
is	O
as	O
effective	O
as	O
radiofrequency	O
pallidotomy	O
in	O
controlling	O
certain	O
of	O
the	O
symptoms	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
only	O
practical	O
technique	O
available	O
in	O
certain	O
patients	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
those	O
who	O
take	O
anticoagulants	O
,	O
have	O
bleeding	B-Disease
diatheses	O
or	O
serious	O
systemic	O
medical	O
illnesses	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
a	O
viable	O
option	O
for	O
other	O
patients	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

Centrally	O
mediated	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
of	O
intracisternal	O
application	O
of	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
in	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
pressor	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
intracisternal	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
injection	O
of	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mug	O
)	O
in	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
was	O
analyzed	O
.	O

This	O
response	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
by	O
the	O
intravenous	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
injection	O
of	O
guanethidine	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
)	O
,	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
)	O
or	O
phentolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
conversely	O
,	O
potentiated	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
desmethylimipramine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
)	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
selectively	O
inhibited	O
the	O
enlargement	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
pulse	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
following	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mug	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
the	O
pressor	O
response	O
to	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mug	O
)	O
was	O
almost	O
completely	O
blocked	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
atropine	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mug	O
)	O
or	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
(	O
500	O
mug	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
chlorpromazine	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mug	O
)	O
but	O
significantly	O
potentiated	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
desmethylimipramine	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
mug	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
pressor	O
response	O
to	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mug	O
)	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
after	O
sectioning	O
of	O
the	O
bilateral	O
cervical	O
vagal	O
nerves	O
but	O
disappeared	O
after	O
sectioning	O
of	O
the	O
spinal	O
cord	O
(	O
C7	O
-	O
C8	O
)	O
.	O

From	O
the	O
above	O
result	O
it	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
pressor	O
response	O
to	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
ortral	O
and	O
peripheral	O
adrenergic	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
sympathetic	O
trunk	O
is	O
the	O
main	O
pathway	O
.	O

Neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
presented	O
with	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
probably	O
caused	O
by	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
.	O

She	O
had	O
defects	O
in	O
the	O
supratentorial	O
brain	O
including	O
the	O
basal	O
ganglia	O
and	O
the	O
striatum	O
(	O
multicystic	B-Disease
encephalomalacia	I-Disease
)	O
due	O
to	O
severe	O
perinatal	O
hypoxic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
ischemic	I-Disease
encephalopathy	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
was	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
possible	O
predisposing	O
factor	O
causing	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
dopaminergic	O
blockade	O
mechanism	O
generally	O
is	O
accepted	O
as	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	O
via	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
uptake	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
dopaminergic	O
systems	O
in	O
the	O
brainstem	O
(	O
mainly	O
the	O
midbrain	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
spinal	O
cord	O
were	O
unlikely	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
.	O

A	O
relative	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
ergic	O
deficiency	O
might	O
occur	O
because	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
mimetic	O
agent	O
,	O
was	O
strikingly	O
effective	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
patient	O
with	O
neuroleptic	B-Disease
malignant	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
probably	O
caused	O
by	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
.	O

Differential	O
effects	O
of	O
17alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ethinylestradiol	I-Chemical
on	O
the	O
neutral	O
and	O
acidic	O
pathways	O
of	O
bile	B-Chemical
salt	I-Chemical
synthesis	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
17alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ethinylestradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
EE	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
the	O
neutral	O
and	O
acidic	O
biosynthetic	O
pathways	O
of	O
bile	B-Chemical
salt	I-Chemical
(	O
BS	B-Chemical
)	O
synthesis	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
an	O
intact	O
enterohepatic	O
circulation	O
and	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
bile	O
diversion	O
to	O
induce	O
BS	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
.	O

For	O
this	O
purpose	O
,	O
bile	B-Chemical
salt	I-Chemical
pool	O
composition	O
,	O
synthesis	O
of	O
individual	O
BS	B-Chemical
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
hepatic	O
activities	O
,	O
and	O
expression	O
levels	O
of	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
7alpha	O
-	O
hydroxylase	O
(	O
CYP7A	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
sterol	B-Chemical
27	O
-	O
hydroxylase	O
(	O
CYP27	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
of	O
other	O
enzymes	O
involved	O
in	O
BS	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
,	O
were	O
analyzed	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
EE	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
3	O
days	O
)	O
or	O
its	O
vehicle	O
.	O

BS	B-Chemical
pool	O
size	O
was	O
decreased	O
by	O
27	O
%	O
but	O
total	O
BS	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
was	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
EE	B-Chemical
in	O
intact	O
rats	O
.	O

Synthesis	O
of	O
cholate	B-Chemical
was	O
reduced	O
by	O
68	O
%	O
in	O
EE	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
while	O
that	O
of	O
chenodeoxycholate	B-Chemical
was	O
increased	O
by	O
60	O
%	O
.	O

The	O
recently	O
identified	O
Delta22	O
-	O
isomer	O
of	O
beta	O
-	O
muricholate	O
contributed	O
for	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
and	O
18	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
pool	O
in	O
control	O
and	O
EE	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
but	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
detected	O
in	O
bile	O
after	O
exhaustion	O
of	O
the	O
pool	O
.	O

A	O
clear	O
reduction	O
of	O
BS	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
bile	O
-	O
diverted	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
EE	B-Chemical
,	O
yet	O
biliary	O
BS	B-Chemical
composition	O
was	O
only	O
minimally	O
affected	O
.	O

Activity	O
of	O
CYP7A	O
was	O
decreased	O
by	O
EE	B-Chemical
in	O
both	O
intact	O
and	O
bile	O
-	O
diverted	O
rats	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
CYP27	O
was	O
not	O
affected	O
.	O

Hepatic	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
of	O
CYP7A	O
were	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
by	O
EE	B-Chemical
in	O
bile	O
-	O
diverted	O
rats	O
only	O
;	O
CYP27	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
were	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
EE	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
of	O
sterol	B-Chemical
12alpha	O
-	O
hydroxylase	O
and	O
lithocholate	O
6beta	O
-	O
hydroxylase	O
were	O
increased	O
by	O
bile	O
diversion	O
and	O
suppressed	O
by	O
EE	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
17alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ethinylestradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
EE	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
intrahepatic	B-Disease
cholestasis	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
selective	O
inhibition	O
of	O
the	O
neutral	O
pathway	O
of	O
bile	B-Chemical
salt	I-Chemical
(	O
BS	B-Chemical
)	O
synthesis	O
.	O

Simultaneous	O
impairment	O
of	O
other	O
enzymes	O
in	O
the	O
BS	B-Chemical
biosynthetic	O
pathways	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
overall	O
effects	O
of	O
EE	B-Chemical
on	O
BS	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
.	O

Glibenclamide	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
hypotension	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
helodermin	B-Chemical
assessed	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
helodermin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
basic	O
35	O
-	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
peptide	O
isolated	O
from	O
the	O
venom	O
of	O
a	O
lizard	O
salivary	O
gland	O
,	O
on	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
were	O
examined	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
,	O
focusing	O
on	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
activation	O
of	O
ATP	B-Chemical
sensitive	O
K	B-Chemical
+	O
(	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
ATP	B-Chemical
)	O
)	O
channels	O
is	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
responses	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
were	O
also	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
vasoactive	O
intestinal	O
polypeptide	O
(	O
VIP	O
)	O
.	O

Helodermin	B-Chemical
produced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
with	O
approximately	O
similar	O
potency	O
and	O
duration	O
to	O
VIP	O
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
both	O
peptides	O
was	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
by	O
glibenclamide	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
abolished	O
a	O
levcromakalim	B-Chemical
-	O
produced	O
decrease	O
in	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
.	O

Oxyhemoglobin	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
helodermin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
it	O
shortened	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
ACh	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
produced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
helodermin	B-Chemical
-	O
produced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
is	O
partly	O
attributable	O
to	O
the	O
activation	O
of	O
glibenclamide	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
K	B-Chemical
+	O
channels	O
(	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
ATP	B-Chemical
)	O
channels	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
presumably	O
exist	O
on	O
arterial	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
.	O

EDRF	O
(	O
endothelium	O
-	O
derived	O
relaxing	O
factor	O
)	O
/	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
does	O
not	O
seem	O
to	O
play	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
peptide	O
-	O
produced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
efficacy	O
and	O
adverse	O
event	O
of	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
tablets	O
for	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
psoriasis	B-Disease
.	O

Thirteen	O
psoriatic	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
hypertension	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
therapy	O
were	O
treated	O
for	O
25	O
months	O
with	O
a	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
,	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
,	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
clinical	O
antihypertensive	O
effects	O
and	O
adverse	O
events	O
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
both	O
drugs	O
.	O

Seven	O
of	O
the	O
13	O
patients	O
had	O
exhibited	O
a	O
subclinical	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
state	O
before	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Both	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressures	O
of	O
these	O
13	O
patients	O
were	O
decreased	O
significantly	O
after	O
4	O
weeks	O
of	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
maintained	O
within	O
the	O
normal	O
range	O
thereafter	O
for	O
25	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
adverse	O
events	O
during	O
combined	O
therapy	O
with	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
and	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
included	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
blood	B-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
nitrogen	I-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
9	O
of	O
the	O
13	O
patients	O
and	O
development	O
of	O
gingival	B-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
in	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
13	O
patients	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
is	O
useful	O
for	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
psoriatic	B-Disease
patients	O
under	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
,	O
but	O
that	O
these	O
patients	O
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
for	O
gingival	B-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/BC5CDR/train.txt
================================================
Selegiline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
postural	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
longitudinal	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Research	O
Group	O
(	O
UKPDRG	O
)	O
trial	O
found	O
an	O
increased	O
mortality	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	O
mg	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
per	O
day	O
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
those	O
taking	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
therapy	O
with	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
selective	O
systolic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
which	O
was	O
abolished	O
by	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
unwanted	O
effect	O
on	O
postural	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
not	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
underlying	O
autonomic	O
failure	O
.	O

The	O
aims	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
were	O
to	O
confirm	O
our	O
previous	O
findings	O
in	O
a	O
separate	O
cohort	O
of	O
patients	O
and	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
consequences	O
of	O
stopping	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
expectation	O
that	O
this	O
might	O
shed	O
light	O
on	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
the	O
drug	O
causes	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
cardiovascular	O
responses	O
to	O
standing	O
and	O
head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
were	O
studied	O
repeatedly	O
in	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
receiving	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	O
as	O
the	O
drug	O
was	O
withdrawn	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
caused	O
systolic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
which	O
was	O
marked	O
in	O
six	O
of	O
20	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
,	O
one	O
of	O
whom	O
lost	O
consciousness	O
with	O
unrecordable	O
blood	O
pressures	O
.	O

A	O
lesser	O
degree	O
of	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
occurred	O
with	O
standing	O
.	O

Orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
was	O
ameliorated	O
4	O
days	O
after	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	O
totally	O
abolished	O
7	O
days	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Stopping	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
also	O
significantly	O
reduced	B-Disease
the	I-Disease
supine	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
diastolic	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressures	I-Disease
consistent	O
with	O
a	O
previously	O
undescribed	O
supine	O
pressor	O
action	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
confirms	O
our	O
previous	O
finding	O
that	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
selective	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
possibilities	O
that	O
these	O
cardiovascular	O
findings	O
might	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
inhibition	O
of	O
monoamine	O
oxidase	O
or	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
and	O
metamphetamine	B-Chemical
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
on	O
effects	O
of	O
irrigation	O
solutions	O
on	O
rat	O
bladders	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
on	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
certain	O
irrigating	O
fluids	O
on	O
the	O
rat	O
bladder	O
for	O
18	O
hours	O
are	O
reported	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
the	O
degradation	O
product	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
choloroaniline	I-Chemical
is	O
not	O
a	O
significant	O
factor	O
in	O
chlorhexidine	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
digluconate	I-Chemical
associated	O
erosive	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
high	O
percentage	O
of	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
colistin	B-Chemical
and	O
povidone	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
iodine	I-Chemical
irrigations	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
erosive	O
cystitis	B-Disease
and	O
suggested	O
a	O
possible	O
complication	O
with	O
human	O
usage	O
.	O

Picloxydine	B-Chemical
irrigations	O
appeared	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
lower	O
incidence	O
of	O
erosive	O
cystitis	B-Disease
but	O
further	O
studies	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
performed	O
before	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
recommended	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
urological	O
procedures	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
tetrandrine	B-Chemical
and	O
fangchinoline	B-Chemical
on	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
and	O
human	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
.	O

Tetrandrine	B-Chemical
(	O
TET	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
fangchinoline	B-Chemical
(	O
FAN	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
two	O
naturally	O
occurring	O
analogues	O
with	O
a	O
bisbenzylisoquinoline	B-Chemical
structure	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
EP	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
and	O
blood	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
administration	O
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
of	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
showed	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
by	O
55	O
%	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
acetylsalicylic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
ASA	B-Chemical
,	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
,	O
showed	O
only	O
30	O
%	O
inhibition	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
vitro	O
human	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregations	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
agonists	O
used	O
in	O
tests	O
,	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
showed	O
the	O
inhibitions	O
dose	O
dependently	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
neither	O
TET	B-Chemical
nor	O
FAN	B-Chemical
showed	O
any	O
anticoagulation	O
activities	O
in	O
the	O
measurement	O
of	O
the	O
activated	O
partial	O
thromboplastin	O
time	O
(	O
APTT	O
)	O
,	O
prothrombin	O
time	O
(	O
PT	O
)	O
and	O
thrombin	O
time	O
(	O
TT	O
)	O
using	O
human	O
-	O
citrated	O
plasma	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
antithrombosis	O
of	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
may	O
be	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
antiplatelet	O
aggregation	O
activities	O
.	O

Angioedema	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
:	O
common	O
and	O
inadequately	O
diagnosed	O
.	O

The	O
estimated	O
incidence	O
of	O
angioedema	B-Disease
during	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ACE	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
treatment	O
is	O
between	O
1	O
and	O
7	O
per	O
thousand	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
potentially	O
serious	O
adverse	O
effect	O
is	O
often	O
preceded	O
by	O
minor	O
manifestations	O
that	O
may	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
warning	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
:	O
prevalence	O
rates	O
and	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	O
in	O
an	O
outpatient	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
sample	O
.	O

This	O
paper	O
attempts	O
to	O
examine	O
and	O
compare	O
prevalence	O
rates	O
and	O
symptom	O
patterns	O
of	O
DSM	O
substance	O
-	O
induced	O
and	O
other	O
mood	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

243	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
outpatients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
CIMD	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
other	O
mood	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
were	O
compared	O
on	O
measures	O
of	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	O
.	O

The	O
prevalence	O
rate	O
for	O
CIMD	B-Disease
was	O
12	O
%	O
at	O
baseline	O
.	O

Introduction	O
of	O
the	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
CIMD	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
substantially	O
affect	O
rates	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
depressive	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
CIMD	B-Disease
had	O
symptom	O
severity	O
levels	O
between	O
those	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
a	O
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
some	O
validity	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
CIMD	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
also	O
suggest	O
that	O
it	O
requires	O
further	O
specification	O
and	O
replication	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
fucoidan	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Inflammatory	O
cells	O
are	O
postulated	O
to	O
mediate	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
following	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

Intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
more	O
inflammation	B-Disease
than	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
tested	O
the	O
sulfated	O
polysaccharide	O
fucoidan	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
reduce	O
inflammatory	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
injection	O
of	O
bacterial	O
collagenase	O
into	O
the	O
caudate	O
nucleus	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
seven	O
day	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
fucoidan	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
micrograms	O
h	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	O
hematoma	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
vivo	O
by	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
.	O

Motor	O
behavior	O
,	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
,	O
and	O
skilled	O
forelimb	O
function	O
were	O
tested	O
repeatedly	O
for	O
six	O
weeks	O
.	O

Fucoidan	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
exhibited	O
evidence	O
of	O
impaired	B-Disease
blood	I-Disease
clotting	I-Disease
and	O
hemodilution	B-Disease
,	O
had	O
larger	O
hematomas	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
tended	O
to	O
have	O
less	O
inflammation	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
after	O
three	O
days	O
.	O

They	O
showed	O
significantly	O
more	O
rapid	O
improvement	O
of	O
motor	O
function	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
week	O
following	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
and	O
better	O
memory	O
retention	O
in	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
test	O
.	O

Acute	O
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
edema	I-Disease
and	O
eventual	O
neuronal	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
adjacent	O
to	O
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
differ	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Investigation	O
of	O
more	O
specific	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
agents	O
and	O
hemodiluting	O
agents	O
are	O
warranted	O
in	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

Recurarization	O
in	O
the	O
recovery	O
room	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
recurarization	O
in	O
the	O
recovery	O
room	O
is	O
reported	O
.	O

Accumulation	O
of	O
atracurium	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
intravenous	O
line	O
led	O
to	O
recurarization	O
after	O
flushing	O
the	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
recovery	O
room	O
.	O

A	O
respiratory	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
with	O
severe	O
desaturation	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

Circumstances	O
leading	O
to	O
this	O
event	O
and	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
enabling	O
a	O
neuromuscular	B-Disease
blockade	I-Disease
to	O
occur	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
small	O
dose	O
of	O
relaxant	O
,	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

The	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
(	O
ASA	O
groups	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
marked	O
vasodilator	O
and	O
negative	O
inotropic	O
effects	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
are	O
disadvantages	O
in	O
frail	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
adding	O
different	O
doses	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
order	O
to	O
obtund	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	O
.	O

The	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	O
of	O
adding	O
15	O
,	O
20	O
or	O
25	O
mg	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	O
200	O
mg	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
were	O
compared	O
to	O
control	O
in	O
40	O
ASA	O
3	O
/	O
4	O
patients	O
over	O
60	O
years	O
presenting	O
for	O
genito	O
-	O
urinary	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
addition	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	O
propofol	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
method	O
of	O
obtunding	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	O
to	O
propofol	B-Chemical
at	O
all	O
doses	O
used	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
marked	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
occasionally	O
reaching	O
high	O
levels	O
in	O
individual	O
patients	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
this	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
inducing	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
the	O
use	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
/	O
propofol	B-Chemical
/	O
mixtures	O
studied	O
.	O

Gemcitabine	B-Chemical
plus	O
vinorelbine	B-Chemical
in	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
patients	O
age	O
70	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
or	O
patients	O
who	O
cannot	O
receive	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Oncopaz	O
Cooperative	O
Group	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
high	O
among	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
few	O
data	O
are	O
available	O
regarding	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Recent	O
reports	O
indicate	O
that	O
single	O
agent	O
therapy	O
with	O
vinorelbine	B-Chemical
(	O
VNB	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
GEM	B-Chemical
)	O
may	O
obtain	O
a	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
20	O
-	O
30	O
%	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
acceptable	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
improvement	O
in	O
symptoms	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
GEM	B-Chemical
and	O
VNB	B-Chemical
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
or	O
those	O
with	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
were	O
included	O
,	O
38	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
age	O
>	O
/	O
=	O
70	O
years	O
and	O
11	O
were	O
age	O
<	O
70	O
years	O
but	O
who	O
had	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
evaluable	O
for	O
response	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Treatment	O
was	O
comprised	O
of	O
VNB	B-Chemical
,	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
plus	O
GEM	B-Chemical
,	O
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
both	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
15	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
.	O

Patients	O
received	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
three	O
courses	O
unless	O
progressive	O
disease	O
was	O
detected	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
sixty	O
-	O
five	O
courses	O
were	O
administered	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
median	O
of	O
3	O
.	O

6	O
courses	O
per	O
patient	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
was	O
26	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
15	O
-	O
41	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
attained	O
a	O
complete	O
response	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
11	O
patients	O
(	O
22	O
%	O
)	O
achieved	O
a	O
partial	O
response	O
.	O

Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
performance	O
status	O
improved	O
in	O
35	O
%	O
of	O
those	O
patients	O
with	O
an	O
initial	O
value	O
>	O
0	O
,	O
whereas	O
relief	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
1	O
symptom	O
without	O
worsening	O
of	O
other	O
symptoms	O
was	O
noted	O
in	O
27	O
patients	O
(	O
55	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
time	O
to	O
progression	O
was	O
16	O
weeks	O
and	O
the	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
survival	O
rate	O
was	O
33	O
%	O
.	O

Toxicity	B-Disease
was	O
mild	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
,	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Grade	O
3	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
(	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
died	O
of	O
sepsis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
median	O
age	O
of	O
those	O
patients	O
developing	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
remaining	O
patients	O
(	O
75	O
years	O
vs	O
.	O
72	O
years	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
047	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
GEM	B-Chemical
and	O
VNB	B-Chemical
is	O
moderately	O
active	O
and	O
well	O
tolerated	O
except	O
in	O
patients	O
age	O
>	O
/	O
=	O
75	O
years	O
.	O

This	O
age	O
group	O
had	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
.	O

Therefore	O
the	O
prophylactic	O
use	O
of	O
granulocyte	O
-	O
colony	O
stimulating	O
factor	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
with	O
this	O
treatment	O
.	O

New	O
chemotherapy	O
combinations	O
with	O
higher	O
activity	O
and	O
lower	O
toxicity	B-Disease
are	O
needed	O
for	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
selective	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D4	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
NRA0160	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
preclinical	O
neuropharmacological	O
profile	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorobenzylidene	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
piperidin	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
yl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
thiazole	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxamide	I-Chemical
,	O
has	O
a	O
high	O
affinity	O
for	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D4	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
D4	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
D4	O
.	O
7	O
receptors	O
,	O
with	O
Ki	O
values	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
nM	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
is	O
over	O
20	O
,	O
000fold	O
more	O
potent	O
at	O
the	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D4	O
.	O
2	O
receptor	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2L	O
receptor	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
has	O
negligible	O
affinity	O
for	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D3	O
receptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
39	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
rat	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
)	O
2A	O
receptors	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
180	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
rat	O
alpha1	O
adrenoceptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
237	O
nM	O
)	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
antagonized	O
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
MAP	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
antagonized	O
MAP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
stereotyped	O
behavior	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	O
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
inhibition	O
,	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	O
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
induction	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reversed	O
the	O
disruption	O
of	O
prepulse	O
inhibition	O
(	O
PPI	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
produced	O
by	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
shortened	O
the	O
phencyclidine	B-Chemical
(	O
PCP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
prolonged	O
swimming	O
latency	O
in	O
rats	O
in	O
a	O
water	O
maze	O
task	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
NRA0160	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
unique	O
antipsychotic	O
activities	O
without	O
the	O
liability	O
of	O
motor	O
side	O
effects	O
typical	O
of	O
classical	O
antipsychotics	O
.	O

Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
is	O
accelerated	O
by	O
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
treatment	O
enhance	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
given	O
sufficient	O
doses	O
of	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
to	O
inhibit	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylation	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
,	O
a	O
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
expressed	O
by	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
and	O
macrophages	O
in	O
the	O
artery	O
wall	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
series	O
of	O
experiments	O
examined	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
age	O
and	O
growth	O
status	O
on	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Treatment	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
with	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
caused	O
massive	O
focal	O
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
less	O
extensive	O
focal	O
calcification	B-Disease
in	O
42	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
no	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
detected	O
in	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
adult	O
rats	O
even	O
after	O
4	O
weeks	O
of	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

To	O
directly	O
examine	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
growth	O
to	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
animals	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
,	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
were	O
fed	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
either	O
an	O
ad	O
libitum	O
diet	O
or	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
g	O
/	O
d	O
restricted	O
diet	O
that	O
maintains	O
weight	O
but	O
prevents	O
growth	O
.	O

Concurrent	O
treatment	O
of	O
both	O
dietary	O
groups	O
with	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
produced	O
massive	O
focal	O
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
the	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
but	O
no	O
detectable	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
group	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
and	O
growth	O
status	O
cannot	O
be	O
determined	O
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relationship	O
between	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
and	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
30	O
%	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
in	O
young	O
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
was	O
resistant	O
to	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
,	O
ie	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
young	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
suggests	O
that	O
increased	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
set	O
of	O
experiments	O
examined	O
the	O
possible	O
synergy	O
between	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
and	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
in	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
are	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
as	O
little	O
as	O
3	O
to	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
the	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
K	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
are	O
also	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
,	O
but	O
at	O
treatment	O
times	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
or	O
longer	O
yet	O
not	O
at	O
1	O
week	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
these	O
2	O
treatments	O
and	O
found	O
that	O
concurrent	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
administration	O
dramatically	O
increased	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
calcification	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
media	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
at	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
dose	O
on	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
dose	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
suggests	O
that	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
may	O
induce	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
through	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
.	O

Because	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
in	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
produced	O
by	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	O
.	O

High	O
levels	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
found	O
at	O
sites	O
of	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
plus	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
chemical	O
analysis	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
protein	O
that	O
accumulated	O
was	O
indeed	O
not	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylated	I-Chemical
.	O

These	O
observations	O
indicate	O
that	O
although	O
the	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxyglutamate	I-Chemical
residues	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
apparently	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
function	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
accumulation	O
at	O
calcification	B-Disease
sites	O
.	O

Test	O
conditions	O
influence	O
the	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
drug	O
challenge	O
in	O
rodents	O
.	O

These	O
studies	O
were	O
conducted	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
differential	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
drug	O
challenge	O
under	O
varied	O
experimental	O
test	O
conditions	O
routinely	O
employed	O
to	O
study	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
behavioral	O
and	O
neurophysiological	O
responses	O
in	O
rodents	O
.	O

Apomorphine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
nonselective	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	I-Chemical
,	O
was	O
selected	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
biphasic	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
,	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
induce	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
to	O
produce	O
distinct	O
changes	O
to	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
in	O
the	O
rodent	O
brain	O
.	O

From	O
such	O
experiments	O
there	O
is	O
evidence	O
that	O
characterization	O
and	O
detection	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
activity	O
in	O
rodents	O
critically	O
depends	O
upon	O
the	O
test	O
conditions	O
employed	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
,	O
detection	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
was	O
facilitated	O
by	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
acclimatization	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
conditions	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
test	O
conditions	O
can	O
impact	O
upon	O
other	O
physiological	O
responses	O
to	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
such	O
as	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
mice	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
produced	O
qualitatively	O
different	O
responses	O
under	O
novel	O
conditions	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
those	O
behaviors	O
elicited	O
in	O
the	O
home	O
test	O
cage	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
induced	O
gross	O
activity	O
counts	O
were	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
novel	O
exploratory	O
box	O
only	O
,	O
while	O
measures	O
of	O
stereotypic	O
behavior	O
were	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
.	O

By	O
contrast	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotion	O
was	O
more	O
prominent	O
in	O
the	O
novel	O
exploratory	O
box	O
.	O

Dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
ratios	O
(	O
DOPAC	B-Chemical
:	O
DA	B-Chemical
and	O
HVA	B-Chemical
:	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
lower	O
in	O
those	O
animals	O
exposed	O
to	O
the	O
exploratory	O
box	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
their	O
home	O
cage	O
counterparts	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
reductions	O
in	O
striatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
both	O
novel	O
and	O
home	O
cage	O
environments	O
.	O

The	O
implications	O
of	O
these	O
findings	O
are	O
discussed	O
with	O
particular	O
emphasis	O
upon	O
conducting	O
psychopharmacological	O
challenge	O
tests	O
in	O
rodents	O
.	O

Hemolysis	B-Disease
of	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
induced	O
by	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
is	O
related	O
to	O
disruption	O
of	O
membrane	O
structure	O
.	O

Tamoxifen	B-Chemical
(	O
TAM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
the	O
antiestrogenic	O
drug	O
most	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
in	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
induces	O
changes	O
in	O
normal	O
discoid	O
shape	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
and	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TAM	B-Chemical
on	O
isolated	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
,	O
attempting	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanisms	O
on	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
biomembranes	O
in	O
its	O
cytostatic	O
action	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

TAM	B-Chemical
induces	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
of	O
erythrocytes	O
as	O
a	O
function	O
of	O
concentration	O
.	O

The	O
extension	O
of	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
is	O
variable	O
with	O
erythrocyte	O
samples	O
,	O
but	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
microM	O
TAM	B-Chemical
induces	O
total	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
of	O
all	O
tested	O
suspensions	O
.	O

Despite	O
inducing	O
extensive	O
erythrocyte	O
lysis	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
shift	O
the	O
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
TAM	B-Chemical
is	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
concentrations	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tocopherol	I-Chemical
(	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
T	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tocopherol	I-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TAc	I-Chemical
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	B-Chemical
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
further	O
evidenced	O
by	O
absence	O
of	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
and	O
hemoglobin	O
oxidation	O
both	O
determined	O
in	O
parallel	O
with	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
observed	O
that	O
TAM	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
the	O
peroxidation	O
of	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
induced	O
by	O
AAPH	B-Chemical
,	O
thus	O
ruling	O
out	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cell	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Hemolysis	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
TAM	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
preceded	O
by	O
the	O
leakage	O
of	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
cells	O
,	O
also	O
excluding	O
a	O
colloid	O
-	O
osmotic	O
type	O
mechanism	O
of	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
effects	O
on	O
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
induces	O
release	O
of	O
peripheral	O
proteins	O
of	O
membrane	O
-	O
cytoskeleton	O
and	O
cytosol	O
proteins	O
essentially	O
bound	O
to	O
band	O
3	O
.	O

Either	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
T	I-Chemical
or	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TAc	I-Chemical
increases	O
membrane	O
packing	O
and	O
prevents	O
TAM	B-Chemical
partition	O
into	O
model	O
membranes	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
protection	O
from	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
by	O
tocopherols	B-Chemical
is	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
decreased	O
TAM	B-Chemical
incorporation	O
in	O
condensed	O
membranes	O
and	O
the	O
structural	O
damage	O
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
is	O
consequently	O
avoided	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
results	O
from	O
a	O
structural	O
perturbation	O
of	O
red	O
cell	O
membrane	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
framework	O
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
and	O
its	O
cytoskeleton	O
caused	O
by	O
its	O
high	O
partition	O
in	O
the	O
membrane	O
.	O

These	O
defects	O
explain	O
the	O
abnormal	O
erythrocyte	O
shape	O
and	O
decreased	O
mechanical	O
stability	O
promoted	O
by	O
TAM	B-Chemical
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
since	O
membrane	O
leakage	O
is	O
a	O
final	O
stage	O
of	O
cytotoxicity	O
,	O
the	O
disruption	O
of	O
the	O
structural	O
characteristics	O
of	O
biomembranes	O
by	O
TAM	B-Chemical
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
its	O
anticancer	O
action	O
.	O

Changes	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
ATP	B-Chemical
affinities	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
deficient	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
system	O
,	O
NO	B-Chemical
is	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
functions	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
induces	O
sustained	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
several	O
models	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
elevation	O
of	O
intracellular	O
sodium	B-Chemical
level	O
was	O
documented	O
in	O
cardiac	O
tissue	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	O
of	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	B-Disease
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	O
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
G	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

After	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
administration	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
increased	O
by	O
36	O
%	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
after	O
terminating	O
the	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
SBP	O
recovered	O
to	O
control	O
value	O
.	O

When	O
activating	O
the	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
with	O
its	O
substrate	O
ATP	B-Chemical
,	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
Km	O
and	O
Vmax	O
values	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

During	O
activation	O
with	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
,	O
the	O
Vmax	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
)	O
increased	O
by	O
50	O
%	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
profound	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
in	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
from	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
increased	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
higher	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
ATP	B-Chemical
-	O
binding	O
site	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
from	O
the	O
lowered	O
Km	O
value	O
for	O
ATP	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
)	O
value	O
for	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
returned	O
to	O
control	O
value	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
synthase	O
induced	O
a	O
reversible	O
hypertension	B-Disease
accompanied	O
by	O
depressed	B-Disease
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
-	O
extrusion	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
deteriorated	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
-	O
binding	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
,	O
the	O
extrusion	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
was	O
normalized	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
by	O
restoration	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
activity	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
on	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
that	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
persisted	O
after	O
adrenalectomy	O
,	O
is	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
mediated	O
by	O
central	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptor	O
activation	O
and	O
(	O
ii	O
)	O
reduced	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
,	O
supporting	O
therefore	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
sympathetic	O
outflow	O
to	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
examine	O
whether	O
prolonged	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
could	O
abolish	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
for	O
15	O
days	O
caused	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
without	O
affecting	O
baseline	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

In	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
intravenous	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
(	O
150	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
induced	O
significant	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
unaffected	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
,	O
while	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
was	O
reversed	O
to	O
significant	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
was	O
partly	O
reduced	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
domperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Neither	O
cardiac	O
vagal	O
nor	O
sympathetic	O
tone	O
was	O
altered	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
.	O

In	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
heart	O
preparations	O
from	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
maximal	O
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
saline	O
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
(	O
the	O
EC50	O
of	O
the	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
enhanced	O
approximately	O
22	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
15	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
not	O
only	O
abolished	O
but	O
reversed	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
to	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
is	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
further	O
cardiac	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
desensitization	O
rather	O
than	O
to	O
impairment	O
of	O
autonomic	O
regulation	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

They	O
suggest	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
normal	O
conscious	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
central	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
of	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
predominate	O
and	O
to	O
mask	O
the	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
of	O
this	O
agonist	O
at	O
peripheral	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptors	O
.	O

A	O
developmental	O
analysis	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
in	O
infant	O
rats	O
.	O

Under	O
controlled	O
conditions	O
,	O
infant	O
rats	O
emit	O
ultrasonic	O
vocalizations	O
during	O
extreme	O
cold	O
exposure	O
and	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
alpha	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
adrenoceptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Previous	O
investigations	O
have	O
determined	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
increases	O
through	O
the	O
2nd	O
-	O
week	O
postpartum	O
and	O
decreases	O
thereafter	O
.	O

Given	O
that	O
sympathetic	O
neural	O
dominance	O
exhibits	O
a	O
similar	O
developmental	O
pattern	O
,	O
and	O
given	O
that	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
induces	O
sympathetic	O
withdrawal	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
developmental	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
would	O
mirror	O
each	O
other	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
experiment	O
,	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
were	O
examined	O
in	O
2	O
-	O
,	O
8	O
-	O
,	O
15	O
-	O
,	O
and	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

Age	O
-	O
related	O
changes	O
in	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
corresponded	O
with	O
changes	O
in	O
cardiovascular	O
variables	O
,	O
including	O
baseline	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
experiment	O
is	O
discussed	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
is	O
the	O
acoustic	O
by	O
-	O
product	O
of	O
a	O
physiological	O
maneuver	O
that	O
compensates	O
for	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
detrimental	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiovascular	O
function	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
use	O
of	O
newer	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
epidemiological	O
studies	O
that	O
assessed	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
newer	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
(	O
OC	B-Chemical
)	O
did	O
not	O
distinguish	O
between	O
patterns	O
of	O
OC	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
namely	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
users	O
,	O
repeaters	O
and	O
switchers	O
.	O

Data	O
from	O
a	O
Transnational	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
for	O
the	O
latter	O
patterns	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
while	O
accounting	O
for	O
duration	O
of	O
use	O
.	O

Over	O
the	O
period	O
1993	O
-	O
1996	O
,	O
551	O
cases	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
were	O
identified	O
in	O
Germany	O
and	O
the	O
UK	O
along	O
with	O
2066	O
controls	O
.	O

Totals	O
of	O
128	O
cases	O
and	O
650	O
controls	O
were	O
analysed	O
for	O
repeat	O
use	O
and	O
135	O
cases	O
and	O
622	O
controls	O
for	O
switching	O
patterns	O
.	O

The	O
adjusted	O
rate	O
ratio	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
for	O
repeat	O
users	O
of	O
third	O
generation	O
OC	B-Chemical
was	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
relative	O
to	O
repeat	O
users	O
of	O
second	O
generation	O
pills	O
,	O
whereas	O
it	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
for	O
switchers	O
from	O
second	O
to	O
third	O
generation	O
pills	O
relative	O
to	O
switchers	O
from	O
third	O
to	O
second	O
generation	O
pills	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
second	O
and	O
third	O
generation	O
agents	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
equivalent	O
risks	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
when	O
the	O
same	O
agent	O
is	O
used	O
repeatedly	O
after	O
interruption	O
periods	O
or	O
when	O
users	O
are	O
switched	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
generations	O
of	O
pills	O
.	O

These	O
analyses	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
higher	O
risk	O
observed	O
for	O
the	O
newer	O
OC	B-Chemical
in	O
other	O
studies	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
inadequate	O
comparisons	O
of	O
pill	O
users	O
with	O
different	O
patterns	O
of	O
pill	O
use	O
.	O

Differential	O
effects	O
of	O
systemically	O
administered	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
dynamic	O
and	O
static	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
intradermal	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
in	O
humans	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
systemic	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
dynamic	O
)	O
pain	B-Disease
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
static	O
)	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
crossover	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
12	O
volunteers	O
in	O
three	O
experiments	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
100	O
micrograms	O
was	O
injected	O
intradermally	O
on	O
the	O
volar	O
forearm	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusion	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
(	O
bolus	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
over	O
10	O
min	O
followed	O
by	O
infusion	O
of	O
7	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
5	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
or	O
saline	O
for	O
50	O
min	O
.	O

Infusion	O
started	O
15	O
min	O
after	O
injection	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
following	O
were	O
measured	O
:	O
spontaneous	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
pain	B-Disease
evoked	O
by	O
punctate	O
and	O
brush	O
stimuli	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
areas	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
reduced	O
both	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
significantly	O
and	O
it	O
tended	O
to	O
reduce	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Lidocaine	B-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
significantly	O
.	O

It	O
tended	O
to	O
reduce	O
VAS	O
scores	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
pain	B-Disease
but	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
evoked	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
differential	O
effects	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
static	O
and	O
dynamic	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
two	O
types	O
of	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
are	O
mediated	O
by	O
separate	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
distinct	O
pharmacology	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
:	O
comparison	O
of	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
once	O
daily	O
)	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
of	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
breeder	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
two	O
consecutive	O
sets	O
.	O

In	O
male	O
animals	O
,	O
repeated	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
induced	O
a	O
gradual	O
development	O
of	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
the	O
increased	O
intensity	O
of	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
and	O
shortened	O
latency	O
before	O
the	O
first	O
attack	O
toward	O
the	O
opponent	O
.	O

In	O
female	O
rats	O
,	O
only	O
a	O
weak	O
tendency	O
toward	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
gender	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
and	O
indicates	O
that	O
the	O
female	O
rats	O
do	O
not	O
fill	O
the	O
validation	O
criteria	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
this	O
method	O
.	O

Intracranial	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
and	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
prognostic	O
indicators	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
outcome	O
of	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
is	O
reportedly	O
poor	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
no	O
study	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
has	O
reported	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
statistical	O
model	O
to	O
analyze	O
the	O
variables	O
that	O
influence	O
outcome	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
review	O
of	O
admissions	O
during	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
revealed	O
14	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
group	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
of	O
135	O
patients	O
with	O
ruptured	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
and	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
.	O

Age	O
at	O
presentation	O
,	O
time	O
of	O
ictus	O
after	O
intoxication	O
,	O
Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	O
of	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
,	O
location	O
of	O
the	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
Glasgow	O
Outcome	O
Scale	O
score	O
were	O
assessed	O
and	O
compared	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
group	O
were	O
significantly	O
younger	O
than	O
the	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
group	O
,	O
all	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
were	O
located	O
in	O
the	O
anterior	O
circulation	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
of	O
these	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
were	O
smaller	O
than	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
08	O
mm	O
versus	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
mm	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
differences	O
in	O
mortality	O
and	O
morbidity	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
were	O
not	O
significant	O
.	O

Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
and	O
age	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
were	O
significant	O
predictors	O
of	O
outcome	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
predisposed	O
aneurysmal	B-Disease
rupture	I-Disease
at	O
a	O
significantly	O
earlier	O
age	O
and	O
in	O
much	O
smaller	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

Contrary	O
to	O
the	O
published	O
literature	O
,	O
this	O
group	O
did	O
reasonably	O
well	O
with	O
aggressive	O
management	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
intravenous	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
outcome	O
after	O
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
Intravenous	O
Nimodipine	B-Chemical
West	O
European	O
Stroke	B-Disease
Trial	O
(	O
INWEST	O
)	O
found	O
a	O
correlation	O
between	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
(	O
BP	O
)	O
and	O
an	O
unfavorable	O
outcome	O
in	O
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
sought	O
to	O
confirm	O
this	O
correlation	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
adjustment	O
for	O
prognostic	O
variables	O
and	O
to	O
investigate	O
outcome	O
in	O
subgroups	O
with	O
increasing	O
levels	O
of	O
BP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
a	O
clinical	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
(	O
within	O
24	O
hours	O
)	O
were	O
consecutively	O
allocated	O
to	O
receive	O
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
100	O
)	O
,	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
101	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
94	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
correlation	O
between	O
average	O
BP	O
change	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
2	O
days	O
and	O
the	O
outcome	O
at	O
day	O
21	O
was	O
analyzed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Two	O
hundred	O
sixty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
this	O
analysis	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
92	O
,	O
93	O
,	O
and	O
80	O
for	O
placebo	O
,	O
low	O
dose	O
,	O
and	O
high	O
dose	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Nimodipine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
BP	I-Disease
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
and	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
(	O
DBP	O
)	O
from	O
baseline	O
compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
few	O
days	O
.	O

In	O
multivariate	O
analysis	O
,	O
a	O
significant	O
correlation	O
between	O
DBP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
and	O
worsening	O
of	O
the	O
neurological	O
score	O
was	O
found	O
for	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
(	O
beta	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
49	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
048	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
a	O
DBP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
of	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
20	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
significantly	O
increased	O
adjusted	O
OR	O
for	O
the	O
compound	O
outcome	O
variable	O
death	B-Disease
or	O
dependency	O
(	O
Barthel	O
Index	O
<	O
60	O
)	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
25	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
10	O
.	O
16	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
02	O
to	O
101	O
.	O
74	O
)	O
and	O
death	B-Disease
alone	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
9	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
4	O
.	O
336	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
131	O
16	O
.	O
619	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
all	O
placebo	O
patients	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
62	O
/	O
92	O
and	O
14	O
/	O
92	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
correlation	O
between	O
SBP	O
change	O
and	O
outcome	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
DBP	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
SBP	O
,	O
reduction	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
neurological	O
worsening	O
after	O
the	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
after	O
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

For	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
results	O
were	O
not	O
conclusive	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
do	O
not	O
confirm	O
or	O
exclude	O
a	O
neuroprotective	O
property	O
of	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
.	O

Neonatal	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
responsive	O
convulsions	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
17	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
infant	O
on	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
13	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
daily	O
from	O
birth	O
because	O
of	O
maternal	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
was	O
admitted	O
after	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
clonic	B-Disease
fits	I-Disease
.	O

No	O
underlying	O
infective	O
or	O
biochemical	O
cause	O
could	O
be	O
found	O
.	O

The	O
fits	B-Disease
ceased	O
within	O
4	O
hours	O
of	O
administering	O
intramuscular	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
an	O
aetiology	O
of	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
deficiency	O
secondary	O
to	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
medication	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
sedation	O
for	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
There	O
recently	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
resurgence	O
in	O
the	O
utilization	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
unique	O
anesthetic	O
,	O
for	O
emergency	O
-	O
department	O
procedures	O
requiring	O
sedation	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
for	O
sedation	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
and	O
fourteen	O
children	O
(	O
average	O
age	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
twelve	O
months	O
to	O
ten	O
years	O
and	O
ten	O
months	O
)	O
who	O
underwent	O
closed	O
reduction	O
of	O
an	O
isolated	O
fracture	B-Disease
or	O
dislocation	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
at	O
a	O
level	O
-	O
I	O
trauma	B-Disease
center	O
were	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
intravenously	O
(	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
two	O
milligrams	O
per	O
kilogram	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
in	O
ninety	O
-	O
nine	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
and	O
intramuscularly	O
(	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
four	O
milligrams	O
per	O
kilogram	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
fifteen	O
.	O

A	O
board	O
-	O
certified	O
emergency	O
physician	O
skilled	O
in	O
airway	O
management	O
supervised	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
anesthetic	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
monitored	O
by	O
a	O
registered	O
nurse	O
.	O

Any	O
pain	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
reduction	O
was	O
rated	O
by	O
the	O
orthopaedic	O
surgeon	O
treating	O
the	O
patient	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	B-Disease
Scale	O
(	O
CHEOPS	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
to	O
manipulation	O
of	O
the	O
fracture	B-Disease
or	O
dislocation	B-Disease
was	O
one	O
minute	O
and	O
thirty	O
-	O
six	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
twenty	O
seconds	O
to	O
five	O
minutes	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intramuscular	O
administration	O
to	O
manipulation	O
was	O
four	O
minutes	O
and	O
forty	O
-	O
two	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
sixty	O
seconds	O
to	O
fifteen	O
minutes	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
score	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	B-Disease
Scale	O
was	O
6	O
.	O
4	O
points	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
5	O
to	O
10	O
points	O
)	O
,	O
reflecting	O
minimal	O
or	O
no	O
pain	B-Disease
during	O
fracture	B-Disease
reduction	O
.	O

Adequate	O
fracture	B-Disease
reduction	O
was	O
obtained	O
in	O
111	O
of	O
the	O
children	O
.	O

Ninety	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
(	O
sixty	O
-	O
eight	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
sixty	O
-	O
nine	O
parents	O
present	O
during	O
the	O
reduction	O
were	O
pleased	O
with	O
the	O
sedation	O
and	O
would	O
allow	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
again	O
in	O
a	O
similar	O
situation	O
.	O

Patency	O
of	O
the	O
airway	O
and	O
independent	O
respiration	O
were	O
maintained	O
in	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
.	O

Blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
remained	O
stable	O
.	O

Minor	O
side	O
effects	O
included	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
emesis	B-Disease
(	O
eight	O
of	O
the	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
nausea	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
clumsiness	B-Disease
(	O
evident	O
as	O
ataxic	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
in	O
ten	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
dysphoric	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
(	O
one	O
patient	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
sequelae	O
were	O
noted	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
patients	O
had	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
or	O
nightmares	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Ketamine	B-Chemical
reliably	O
,	O
safely	O
,	O
and	O
quickly	O
provided	O
adequate	O
sedation	O
to	O
effectively	O
facilitate	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
at	O
our	O
institution	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
should	O
only	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
an	O
environment	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
,	O
where	O
proper	O
one	O
-	O
on	O
-	O
one	O
monitoring	O
is	O
used	O
and	O
board	O
-	O
certified	O
physicians	O
skilled	O
in	O
airway	O
management	O
are	O
directly	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
care	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
(	O
TMA	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
well	O
documented	O
.	O

Treatments	O
have	O
included	O
discontinuation	O
or	O
reduction	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
dose	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
concurrent	O
plasma	O
exchange	O
,	O
plasma	O
infusion	O
,	O
anticoagulation	O
,	O
and	O
intravenous	O
immunoglobulin	O
G	O
infusion	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
for	O
recipients	O
of	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
,	O
removing	O
the	O
inciting	O
agent	O
is	O
not	O
without	O
the	O
attendant	O
risk	O
of	O
precipitating	O
acute	O
rejection	O
and	O
graft	O
loss	O
.	O

The	O
last	O
decade	O
has	O
seen	O
the	O
emergence	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
potent	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
with	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
action	O
virtually	O
identical	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
switching	O
to	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
viable	O
therapeutic	O
option	O
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
TMA	B-Disease
.	O

With	O
the	O
more	O
widespread	O
application	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
TMA	B-Disease
has	O
also	O
been	O
recognized	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
literature	O
regarding	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
TMA	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
exposed	O
sequentially	O
to	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
is	O
limited	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
living	O
donor	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
who	O
developed	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
TMA	B-Disease
that	O
responded	O
to	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
plasmapheresis	O
and	O
fresh	O
frozen	O
plasma	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
.	O

Introduction	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
TMA	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
subsequent	O
loss	O
of	O
the	O
renal	O
allograft	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
switched	O
from	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
to	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
or	O
vice	O
versa	O
should	O
be	O
closely	O
monitored	O
for	O
the	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
recurrent	O
TMA	B-Disease
.	O

Analgesic	O
effect	O
of	O
intravenous	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
morphine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
not	O
responsive	O
to	O
morphine	B-Chemical
is	O
often	O
problematic	O
.	O

Animal	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
antagonists	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
may	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
improving	O
opioid	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	B-Disease
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
slow	O
bolus	O
of	O
subhypnotic	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
10	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
whose	O
pain	B-Disease
was	O
unrelieved	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
on	O
a	O
0	O
to	O
10	O
numerical	O
scale	O
;	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
confusion	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
dry	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
,	O
using	O
a	O
scale	O
from	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
(	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
slight	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
,	O
awful	O
)	O
;	O
Mini	O
-	O
Mental	O
State	O
Examination	O
(	O
MMSE	O
)	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
recorded	O
before	O
administration	O
of	O
drugs	O
(	O
T0	O
)	O
and	O
after	O
30	O
minutes	O
(	O
T30	O
)	O
,	O
60	O
minutes	O
(	O
T60	O
)	O
,	O
120	O
minutes	O
(	O
T120	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
180	O
minutes	O
(	O
T180	O
)	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
saline	O
solution	O
,	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
in	O
almost	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
at	O
both	O
doses	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
was	O
more	O
relevant	O
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
higher	O
doses	O
.	O

Hallucinations	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
4	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
unpleasant	O
sensation	O
(	O
"	O
empty	O
head	O
"	O
)	O
was	O
also	O
reported	O
by	O
2	O
patients	O
.	O

These	O
episodes	O
reversed	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
intravenously	O
.	O

Significant	O
increases	O
in	O
drowsiness	O
were	O
reported	O
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
in	O
both	O
groups	O
and	O
were	O
more	O
marked	O
with	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
MMSE	O
was	O
observed	O
at	O
T30	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
can	O
improve	O
morphine	B-Chemical
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	B-Disease
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
central	O
adverse	O
effects	O
should	O
be	O
taken	O
into	O
account	O
,	O
especially	O
when	O
using	O
higher	O
doses	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
should	O
be	O
tested	O
in	O
studies	O
of	O
prolonged	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
within	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
therapeutic	O
approach	O
in	O
metastatic	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	O
combinations	O
improve	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
and	O
survival	O
in	O
advanced	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

The	O
emergence	O
of	O
new	O
active	O
drugs	O
might	O
translate	O
into	O
more	O
effective	O
regimens	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
this	O
disease	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
feasibility	O
,	O
response	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
a	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
combination	O
to	O
treat	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
consecutive	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
naive	O
patients	O
with	O
Stage	O
IV	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
and	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
performance	O
status	O
of	O
0	O
-	O
2	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
135	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
3	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
6	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
30	O
minutes	O
)	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
and	O
8	O
,	O
every	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
responding	O
patients	O
were	O
scheduled	O
to	O
receive	O
consolidation	O
radiotherapy	O
and	O
24	O
patients	O
received	O
preplanned	O
second	O
-	O
line	O
chemotherapy	O
after	O
disease	O
progression	O
,	O
the	O
response	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
rates	O
reported	O
refer	O
only	O
to	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
regimen	O
given	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
examined	O
for	O
toxicity	B-Disease
;	O
34	O
were	O
examinable	O
for	O
response	O
.	O

An	O
objective	O
response	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
73	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
,	O
55	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
87	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
including	O
4	O
complete	O
responses	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

According	O
to	O
intention	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
treat	O
,	O
the	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
was	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
53	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
85	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
154	O
courses	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
the	O
median	O
dose	O
intensity	O
was	O
131	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
117	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
1378	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
86	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
39	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
and	O
11	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
one	O
treatment	O
-	O
related	O
death	B-Disease
.	O

Nonhematologic	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
mild	O
.	O

After	O
a	O
median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
22	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
median	O
progression	O
free	O
survival	O
rate	O
was	O
7	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
median	O
survival	O
time	O
was	O
16	O
months	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
is	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
shows	O
high	O
activity	O
in	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
treatment	O
merits	O
further	O
comparison	O
with	O
other	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
regimens	O
.	O

Serotonergic	B-Chemical
antidepressants	I-Chemical
and	O
urinary	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
.	O

Many	O
new	O
serotonergic	B-Chemical
antidepressants	I-Chemical
have	O
been	O
introduced	O
over	O
the	O
past	O
decade	O
.	O

Although	O
urinary	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
is	O
listed	O
as	O
one	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
in	O
their	O
package	O
inserts	O
there	O
is	O
only	O
one	O
report	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

This	O
concerns	O
2	O
male	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
incontinence	B-Disease
while	O
taking	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
paper	O
the	O
authors	O
describe	O
2	O
female	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
incontinence	B-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
the	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
third	O
who	O
developed	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
on	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
3	O
cases	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
also	O
taking	O
lithium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
and	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
,	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
could	O
have	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
incontinence	B-Disease
.	O

Animal	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
incontinence	B-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
serotonergic	B-Chemical
antidepressants	I-Chemical
could	O
be	O
mediated	O
by	O
the	O
5HT4	O
receptors	O
found	O
on	O
the	O
bladder	O
.	O

Further	O
research	O
is	O
needed	O
to	O
delineate	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
this	O
troubling	O
side	O
effect	O
and	O
how	O
best	O
to	O
treat	O
it	O
.	O

Acute	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
:	O
differential	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
six	O
inbred	O
mouse	O
strains	O
.	O

Mature	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
mice	O
from	O
six	O
inbred	O
stains	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
behavioral	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
was	O
injected	O
ip	O
over	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
doses	O
(	O
50	O
-	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
behavior	O
was	O
monitored	O
for	O
20	O
minutes	O
.	O

Seizure	B-Disease
end	O
points	O
included	O
latency	O
to	O
forelimb	O
or	O
hindlimb	O
clonus	O
,	O
latency	O
to	O
clonic	O
running	O
seizure	B-Disease
and	O
latency	O
to	O
jumping	O
bouncing	O
seizure	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
range	O
of	O
strain	O
specific	O
sensitivities	O
was	O
documented	O
with	O
A	O
/	O
J	O
and	O
SJL	O
mice	O
being	O
most	O
sensitive	O
and	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6J	O
most	O
resistant	O
.	O

DBA	O
/	O
2J	O
,	O
BALB	O
/	O
cByJ	O
and	O
NZW	O
/	O
LacJ	O
strains	O
exhibited	O
intermediate	O
sensitivity	O
.	O

EEG	O
recordings	O
were	O
made	O
in	O
SJL	O
,	O
A	O
/	O
J	O
and	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6J	O
mice	O
revealing	O
a	O
close	O
correspondence	O
between	O
electrical	O
activity	O
and	O
behavior	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
levels	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
determined	O
in	O
hippocampus	O
and	O
cortex	O
were	O
not	O
different	O
between	O
sensitive	O
and	O
resistant	O
strains	O
.	O

Additional	O
studies	O
of	O
these	O
murine	O
strains	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
investigating	O
genetic	O
influences	O
on	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
tizanidine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
an	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
for	O
chronic	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Centrally	O
acting	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
adrenergic	O
agonists	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
several	O
pharmacologic	O
agents	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	B-Disease
related	O
to	O
disorders	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
their	O
effects	O
on	O
spasticity	B-Disease
,	O
certain	O
adverse	O
cardiorespiratory	O
effects	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

Adults	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitors	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
limited	O
ability	O
to	O
respond	O
to	O
hypotension	B-Disease
when	O
the	O
sympathetic	O
response	O
is	O
simultaneously	O
blocked	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
lisinopril	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
to	O
control	O
hypertension	B-Disease
who	O
developed	O
hypotension	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
tizanidine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
possible	O
interaction	O
of	O
tizanidine	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
antihypertensive	O
agents	O
should	O
be	O
kept	O
in	O
mind	O
when	O
prescribing	O
therapy	O
to	O
treat	O
either	O
hypertension	B-Disease
or	O
spasticity	B-Disease
in	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
selected	O
for	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
to	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
are	O
also	O
differentially	O
sensitive	O
to	O
various	O
pharmacological	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
were	O
selectively	O
bred	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
sensitivity	O
(	O
BS	O
line	O
)	O
or	O
resistance	O
(	O
BR	O
line	O
)	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
methyl	B-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylate	I-Chemical
(	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CCM	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
inverse	O
agonist	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
site	O
.	O

Our	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
characterize	O
both	O
lines	O
'	O
sensitivities	O
to	O
various	O
physiological	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
ligands	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiolysis	O
with	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
,	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sedation	O
by	O
recording	O
the	O
vigilance	O
states	O
,	O
and	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
.	O

Results	O
presented	O
here	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
of	O
BS	O
and	O
BR	O
lines	O
to	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CCM	I-Chemical
can	O
be	O
extended	O
to	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
a	O
genetic	O
selection	O
of	O
a	O
general	O
sensitivity	O
and	O
resistance	O
to	O
several	O
ligands	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
perinuclear	O
-	O
staining	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
autoantibody	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
manifesting	O
with	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
in	O
whom	O
a	O
syndrome	O
of	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
,	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
developed	O
.	O

Serologic	O
testing	O
and	O
immunologic	O
studies	O
were	O
done	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
pericardial	O
biopsy	O
was	O
performed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
had	O
a	O
febrile	B-Disease
illness	I-Disease
and	O
evidence	O
of	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
was	O
confirmed	O
by	O
biopsy	O
.	O

Serologic	O
evaluation	O
revealed	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
perinuclear	O
-	O
staining	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
pANCA	O
)	O
against	O
myeloperoxidase	O
(	O
MPO	O
)	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
withdrawn	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
month	O
course	O
of	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
alleviated	O
her	O
symptoms	O
.	O

A	O
literature	O
review	O
revealed	O
no	O
prior	O
reports	O
of	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
in	O
anti	O
-	O
MPO	O
pANCA	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
propylthio	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
uracil	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Pericarditis	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
the	O
initial	O
manifestation	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
attributable	O
to	O
propylthio	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
uracil	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Repeated	O
transient	O
anuria	B-Disease
following	O
losartan	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
man	O
with	O
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
and	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
two	O
episodes	O
of	O
transient	O
anuria	B-Disease
after	O
losartan	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
hospitalized	O
for	O
a	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
with	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
,	O
treated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
diuretics	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
severe	O
systolic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
losartan	B-Chemical
was	O
prescribed	O
.	O

Surprisingly	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
of	O
losartan	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
sudden	O
anuria	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
lasted	O
eight	O
hours	O
despite	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
and	O
amine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

One	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
by	O
mistake	O
,	O
losartan	B-Chemical
was	O
prescribed	O
again	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
second	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
a	O
second	O
episode	O
of	O
transient	O
anuria	B-Disease
lasting	O
10	O
hours	O
.	O

During	O
these	O
two	O
episodes	O
,	O
his	O
blood	O
pressure	O
diminished	O
but	O
no	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
noted	O
.	O

Ultimately	O
,	O
an	O
arteriography	O
showed	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
80	O
%	O
renal	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
patient	O
,	O
renal	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
combined	O
with	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
diuretic	O
therapy	O
certainly	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
strong	O
activation	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
(	O
RAS	O
)	O
.	O

Under	O
such	O
conditions	O
,	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
blockade	O
by	O
losartan	B-Chemical
probably	O
induced	O
a	O
critical	O
fall	O
in	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
pressure	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
highlights	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
losartan	B-Chemical
can	O
cause	O
serious	O
unexpected	O
complications	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
renovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
extreme	O
caution	O
in	O
this	O
setting	O
.	O

Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
induced	O
pain	B-Disease
syndrome	O
(	O
CIPS	B-Disease
)	O
:	O
a	O
severe	O
disabling	O
complication	O
after	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Bone	O
pain	B-Disease
after	O
transplantation	O
is	O
a	O
frequent	O
complication	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
several	O
diseases	O
.	O

Treatment	O
strategies	O
depend	O
on	O
the	O
correct	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Nine	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
their	O
feet	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
registered	O
after	O
transplantation	O
,	O
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

Bone	O
scans	O
showed	O
an	O
increased	O
tracer	O
uptake	O
of	O
the	O
foot	O
bones	O
.	O

Magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
demonstrated	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
oedema	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
painful	O
bones	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
explained	O
by	O
other	O
diseases	O
causing	O
foot	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
like	O
reflex	B-Disease
sympathetic	I-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
,	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
,	O
Morton	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
neuralgia	I-Disease
,	O
gout	B-Disease
,	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
,	O
avascular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
intermittent	B-Disease
claudication	I-Disease
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	B-Disease
deformities	I-Disease
,	O
stress	B-Disease
fractures	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
reduction	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
or	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
trough	O
levels	O
and	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
led	O
to	O
relief	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
Induced	O
Pain	B-Disease
Syndrome	O
(	O
CIPS	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
severe	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
or	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
is	O
accurately	O
diagnosed	O
by	O
its	O
typical	O
presentation	O
,	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
bone	O
scans	O
.	O

Incorrect	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
the	O
syndrome	O
will	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
of	O
life	O
quality	O
in	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
CIPS	B-Disease
.	O

Brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
is	O
a	O
predictor	O
of	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Anthracyclines	B-Chemical
are	O
effective	O
antineoplastic	O
drugs	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
frequently	O
cause	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
conventional	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
therapy	O
highlights	O
a	O
need	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
methods	O
that	O
are	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
and	O
capable	O
of	O
predicting	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
measured	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
BNP	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
BNP	O
might	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
simple	O
diagnostic	O
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
a	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DNR	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

Thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
DNR	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

Cardiac	O
functions	O
were	O
evaluated	O
with	O
radionuclide	O
angiography	O
before	O
chemotherapies	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
ANP	O
)	O
and	O
BNP	O
were	O
measured	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
radionuclide	O
angiography	O
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
developed	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
were	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
having	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
BNP	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
clinical	O
and	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
increased	O
above	O
the	O
normal	O
limit	O
(	O
40	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
before	O
the	O
detection	O
of	O
clinical	O
or	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
by	O
radionuclide	O
angiography	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
BNP	O
did	O
not	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
patients	O
without	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
given	O
DNR	B-Chemical
,	O
even	O
at	O
more	O
than	O
700	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
ANP	O
did	O
not	O
always	O
increase	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
clinical	O
and	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
preliminary	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
BNP	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
as	O
an	O
early	O
and	O
sensitive	O
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
combined	O
cephalothin	B-Chemical
-	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
regimen	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
characterized	O
clinically	O
by	O
acute	O
oliguric	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
while	O
they	O
were	O
receiving	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
cephalothin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
given	O
this	O
drug	O
regimen	O
should	O
be	O
observed	O
very	O
carefully	O
for	O
early	O
signs	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
this	O
antibiotic	O
combination	O
should	O
be	O
avoided	O
especially	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
should	O
not	O
be	O
given	O
this	O
regimen	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	O
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	B-Disease
cell	O
deaths	O
during	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lung	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	B-Chemical
grape	I-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
proanthocyanidin	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
.	O

Grape	B-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
,	O
primarily	O
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
proanthocyanidins	B-Chemical
,	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
modulate	O
a	O
wide	O
-	O
range	O
of	O
biological	O
,	O
pharmacological	O
and	O
toxicological	O
effects	O
which	O
are	O
mainly	O
cytoprotective	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	B-Chemical
grape	I-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
proanthocyanidin	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
(	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
prevent	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
AAP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
(	O
AMI	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Experimental	O
design	O
consisted	O
of	O
four	O
groups	O
:	O
control	O
(	O
vehicle	O
alone	O
)	O
,	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
drug	O
alone	O
and	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
+	O
drug	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
cytoprotection	O
study	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
orally	O
gavaged	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
for	O
7	O
-	O
10	O
days	O
followed	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
of	O
organ	O
specific	O
three	O
drugs	O
(	O
AAP	B-Chemical
:	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
24	O
h	O
;	O
AMI	B-Chemical
:	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
;	O
DOX	B-Chemical
:	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

Parameters	O
of	O
study	O
included	O
analysis	O
of	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
(	O
ALT	O
,	O
BUN	O
and	O
CPK	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
orderly	O
fragmentation	O
of	O
genomic	O
DNA	O
(	O
both	O
endonuclease	O
-	O
dependent	O
and	O
independent	O
)	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
microscopic	O
evaluation	O
of	O
damage	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
protection	O
in	O
corresponding	O
PAS	O
stained	O
tissues	O
.	O

Results	O
indicate	O
that	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
preexposure	O
prior	O
to	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
AMI	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
provided	O
near	O
complete	O
protection	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
changes	O
(	O
ALT	O
,	O
BUN	O
and	O
CPK	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
DNA	O
fragmentation	O
.	O

Histopathological	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
,	O
heart	O
and	O
lung	O
sections	O
revealed	O
moderate	O
to	O
massive	O
tissue	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
with	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
morphological	O
aberrations	O
by	O
all	O
the	O
three	O
drugs	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
preexposure	O
than	O
in	O
its	O
presence	O
.	O

GSPE	B-Chemical
+	O
drug	O
exposed	O
tissues	O
exhibited	O
minor	O
residual	O
damage	O
or	O
near	O
total	O
recovery	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
histopathological	O
alterations	O
mirrored	O
both	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
changes	O
and	O
the	O
pattern	O
of	O
DNA	O
fragmentation	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
drugs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
AMI	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
induced	O
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
necrosis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
respective	O
organs	O
which	O
was	O
very	O
effectively	O
blocked	O
by	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
.	O

Since	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
AMI	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
undergo	O
biotransformation	O
and	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
produce	O
damaging	O
radicals	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
the	O
protection	O
by	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
linked	O
to	O
both	O
inhibition	O
of	O
metabolism	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
detoxification	O
of	O
cytotoxic	O
radicals	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
its	O
'	O
presumed	O
contribution	O
to	O
DNA	O
repair	O
may	O
be	O
another	O
important	O
attribute	O
,	O
which	O
played	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
chemoprevention	O
process	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
this	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
on	O
AMI	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
the	O
lung	O
tissue	O
.	O

Taken	O
together	O
,	O
these	O
events	O
undoubtedly	O
establish	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
abundant	O
bioavailability	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
defend	O
multiple	O
target	O
organs	O
from	O
toxic	O
assaults	O
induced	O
by	O
structurally	O
diverse	O
and	O
functionally	O
different	O
entities	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Antidepressant	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
in	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patients	O
:	O
identification	O
of	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Concerns	O
about	O
possible	O
risks	O
of	O
switching	O
to	O
mania	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
antidepressants	B-Chemical
continue	O
to	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
an	O
optimal	O
treatment	O
paradigm	O
for	O
bipolar	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
The	O
response	O
of	O
44	O
patients	O
meeting	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
criteria	O
for	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
to	O
naturalistic	O
treatment	O
was	O
assessed	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
6	O
weeks	O
using	O
the	O
Montgomery	O
-	O
Asberg	O
Depression	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
and	O
the	O
Bech	O
-	O
Rafaelson	O
Mania	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	B-Disease
or	O
hypomanic	B-Disease
switch	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
IV	I-Disease
bipolar	I-Disease
I	I-Disease
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	B-Disease
II	I-Disease
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
[	O
SSRIs	B-Chemical
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	B-Chemical
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Switches	O
to	O
hypomania	B-Disease
or	O
mania	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
27	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
patients	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
(	O
and	O
in	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
SSRIs	B-Chemical
[	O
8	O
/	O
33	O
]	O
)	O
;	O
16	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
experienced	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
experienced	O
hypomanic	B-Disease
episodes	O
.	O

Sex	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
bipolar	B-Disease
I	I-Disease
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	B-Disease
II	I-Disease
)	O
,	O
and	O
additional	O
treatment	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
switching	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
mood	O
switches	O
seemed	O
not	O
to	O
differ	O
between	O
patients	O
receiving	O
an	O
anticonvulsant	O
and	O
those	O
receiving	O
no	O
mood	O
stabilizer	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
mood	O
switches	O
were	O
less	O
frequent	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
lithium	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
%	O
,	O
4	O
/	O
26	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
patients	O
not	O
treated	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
(	O
44	O
%	O
,	O
8	O
/	O
18	O
;	O
p	O
=	O
.	O
04	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
probability	O
of	O
switching	O
,	O
whereas	O
a	O
high	O
score	O
on	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semistructured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
greater	O
risk	O
of	O
switching	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
.	O
008	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
frequency	O
of	O
mood	O
switching	O
associated	O
with	O
acute	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
therapy	O
may	O
be	O
reduced	O
by	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Particular	O
attention	O
should	O
be	O
paid	O
to	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
hyperthymic	O
temperament	O
,	O
who	O
have	O
a	O
greater	O
risk	O
of	O
mood	O
switches	O
.	O

Peritubular	O
capillary	O
basement	O
membrane	O
reduplication	O
in	O
allografts	O
and	O
native	O
kidney	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
clinicopathologic	O
study	O
of	O
278	O
consecutive	O
renal	O
specimens	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
An	O
association	O
has	O
been	O
found	O
between	O
transplant	B-Disease
glomerulopathy	I-Disease
(	O
TG	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
reduplication	O
of	O
peritubular	O
capillary	O
basement	O
membranes	O
(	O
PTCR	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
such	O
an	O
association	O
is	O
of	O
practical	O
and	O
theoretical	O
importance	O
,	O
only	O
one	O
prospective	O
study	O
has	O
tried	O
to	O
confirm	O
it	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
examined	O
278	O
consecutive	O
renal	O
specimens	O
(	O
from	O
135	O
transplants	O
and	O
143	O
native	O
kidneys	O
)	O
for	O
ultrastructural	O
evidence	O
of	O
PTCR	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
renal	O
allografts	O
with	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
also	O
examined	O
grafts	O
with	O
acute	O
rejection	O
,	O
recurrent	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
,	O
chronic	B-Disease
allograft	I-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
and	O
stable	O
grafts	O
(	O
"	O
protocol	O
biopsies	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

Native	O
kidney	O
specimens	O
included	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
glomerulopathies	B-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
cases	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
,	O
malignant	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
,	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
found	O
PTCR	O
in	O
14	O
of	O
15	O
cases	O
of	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
7	O
transplant	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
without	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
in	O
13	O
of	O
143	O
native	O
kidney	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
.	O

These	O
13	O
included	O
cases	O
of	O
malignant	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
,	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
,	O
lupus	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
,	O
Henoch	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Schonlein	I-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
,	O
crescentic	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Mild	O
PTCR	O
in	O
allografts	O
without	O
TG	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
predict	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
or	O
significant	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
periods	O
of	O
between	O
3	O
months	O
and	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
conclude	O
that	O
in	O
transplants	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
strong	O
association	O
between	O
well	O
-	O
developed	O
PTCR	O
and	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
the	O
significance	O
of	O
mild	O
PTCR	O
and	O
its	O
predictive	O
value	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
TG	B-Disease
is	O
unclear	O
.	O

PTCR	O
also	O
occurs	O
in	O
certain	O
native	O
kidney	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
,	O
though	O
the	O
association	O
is	O
not	O
as	O
strong	O
as	O
that	O
for	O
TG	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
repeated	O
endothelial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
immunologic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
this	O
lesion	O
both	O
in	O
allografts	O
and	O
native	O
kidneys	O
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
:	O
an	O
unrecognised	O
danger	O
of	O
healthfood	O
products	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
mitral	B-Disease
valve	I-Disease
prolapse	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
intractable	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
after	O
consuming	O
a	O
"	O
natural	O
energy	O
"	O
guarana	O
health	O
drink	O
containing	O
a	O
high	O
concentration	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
case	O
highlights	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
adequate	O
labelling	O
and	O
regulation	O
of	O
such	O
products	O
.	O

Conformationally	O
restricted	O
analogs	O
of	O
BD1008	B-Chemical
and	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	B-Chemical
targeting	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
produce	O
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
effects	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
ability	O
to	O
interact	O
with	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
suggests	O
that	O
these	O
proteins	O
mediate	O
some	O
of	O
its	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
three	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
with	O
antagonist	O
activity	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
:	O
BD1018	B-Chemical
(	O
3S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diazabicyclo	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
nonane	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
(	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylpiperazine	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
LR132	B-Chemical
(	O
1R	O
,	O
2S	O
-	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cis	O
-	O
N	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
pyrrolidinyl	O
)	O
cyclohexylamine	O
)	O
.	O

Competition	O
binding	O
assays	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
all	O
three	O
compounds	O
have	O
high	O
affinities	O
for	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
compounds	O
vary	O
in	O
their	O
affinities	O
for	O
sigma2	O
receptors	O
and	O
exhibit	O
negligible	O
affinities	O
for	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
opioid	O
,	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
and	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
.	O

In	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
,	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
BD1018	B-Chemical
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
LR132	B-Chemical
significantly	O
attenuated	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
lethality	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
post	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
LR132	B-Chemical
prevented	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lethality	O
in	O
a	O
significant	O
proportion	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
protection	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
putative	O
antagonists	O
,	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
characterized	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
di	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
o	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tolylguanidine	I-Chemical
(	O
DTG	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
the	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
BD1031	B-Chemical
(	O
3R	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diazabicyclo	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
nonane	I-Chemical
)	O
each	O
worsened	O
the	O
behavioral	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

At	O
doses	O
where	O
alone	O
,	O
they	O
produced	O
no	O
significant	O
effects	O
on	O
locomotion	O
,	O
BD1018	B-Chemical
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
and	O
LR132	B-Chemical
significantly	O
attenuated	O
the	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

To	O
further	O
validate	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
effects	O
of	O
the	O
novel	O
ligands	O
involved	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
,	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	B-Chemical
against	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
was	O
also	O
shown	O
to	O
significantly	O
attenuate	O
the	O
convulsive	B-Disease
and	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Together	O
,	O
the	O
data	O
suggests	O
that	O
functional	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
attenuating	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
behaviors	O
.	O

Ranitidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
cadaveric	O
renal	O
allograft	O
.	O

Ranitidine	B-Chemical
frequently	O
is	O
used	O
for	O
preventing	O
peptic	O
ulceration	O
after	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
.	O

This	O
drug	O
occasionally	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	O
native	O
kidneys	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
no	O
similar	O
reports	O
with	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
recipient	O
of	O
a	O
cadaveric	O
renal	O
allograft	O
presenting	O
with	O
acute	O
allograft	O
dysfunction	O
within	O
48	O
hours	O
of	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

The	O
biopsy	O
specimen	O
showed	O
pathognomonic	O
features	O
,	O
including	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltration	O
of	O
the	O
interstitial	O
compartment	O
.	O

Allograft	O
function	O
improved	O
rapidly	O
and	O
returned	O
to	O
baseline	O
after	O
stopping	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
report	O
presents	O
the	O
clinical	O
,	O
laboratory	O
,	O
and	O
light	O
and	O
electron	O
microscopic	O
observations	O
on	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
active	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
aggressive	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
is	O
an	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
must	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
the	O
evaluation	O
of	O
chronic	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
rabbit	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
during	O
dose	O
reduction	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

Rabbit	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
RS	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effect	O
caused	O
by	O
prolonged	O
neuroleptic	O
medication	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
RS	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
of	O
its	O
kind	O
to	O
be	O
reported	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
developed	O
RS	B-Disease
during	O
dose	O
reduction	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
symptom	O
was	O
treated	O
successfully	O
with	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
anticholinergic	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
RS	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
present	O
case	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
profile	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
-	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
pathophysiologic	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
system	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
RS	B-Disease
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
assessment	O
of	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
E4031	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
,	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
and	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
on	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	O
duration	O
in	O
dog	O
.	O

1	O
.	O

Torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TDP	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
potentially	O
fatal	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
increases	O
in	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	O
duration	O
(	O
MAPD	O
)	O
.	O

TDP	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
that	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
several	O
drugs	O
from	O
the	O
market	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
and	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

2	O
.	O

The	O
potential	O
of	O
compounds	O
to	O
cause	O
TDP	B-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
by	O
monitoring	O
their	O
effects	O
on	O
MAPD	O
in	O
dog	O
.	O

Four	O
compounds	O
known	O
to	O
increase	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
cause	O
TDP	B-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
:	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
and	O
E4031	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
basis	O
that	O
only	O
free	O
drug	O
in	O
the	O
systemic	O
circulation	O
will	O
elicit	O
a	O
pharmacological	O
response	O
target	O
,	O
free	O
concentrations	O
in	O
plasma	O
were	O
selected	O
to	O
mimic	O
the	O
free	O
drug	O
exposures	O
in	O
man	O
.	O

Infusion	O
regimens	O
were	O
designed	O
that	O
rapidly	O
achieved	O
and	O
maintained	O
target	O
-	O
free	O
concentrations	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
in	O
plasma	O
and	O
data	O
on	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
free	O
concentration	O
and	O
changes	O
in	O
MAPD	O
were	O
obtained	O
for	O
these	O
compounds	O
.	O

3	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
free	O
ED50	O
in	O
plasma	O
for	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
(	O
76	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
(	O
11	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
E4031	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
closely	O
correlate	O
with	O
the	O
free	O
concentration	O
in	O
man	O
causing	O
QT	O
effects	O
.	O

For	O
compounds	O
that	O
have	O
shown	O
TDP	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
clinic	O
(	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
)	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
differentiation	O
between	O
the	O
dog	O
ED50	O
and	O
the	O
efficacious	O
free	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
in	O
man	O
(	O
<	O
10	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
reflecting	O
their	O
limited	O
safety	O
margins	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
underline	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
maximize	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
ratio	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
TDP	B-Disease
in	O
potential	O
development	O
candidates	O
and	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
using	O
free	O
drug	O
concentrations	O
in	O
pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
studies	O
.	O

Bladder	O
retention	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
urine	I-Disease
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
continuous	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
:	O
2	O
case	O
reports	O
.	O

Sedation	O
has	O
been	O
commonly	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
neonate	O
to	O
decrease	O
the	O
stress	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
from	O
the	O
noxious	O
stimuli	O
and	O
invasive	O
procedures	O
in	O
the	O
neonatal	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
to	O
facilitate	O
synchrony	O
between	O
ventilator	O
and	O
spontaneous	O
breaths	O
.	O

Fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
opioid	O
analgesic	O
,	O
is	O
frequently	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
neonatal	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
setting	O
for	O
these	O
very	O
purposes	O
.	O

Various	O
reported	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
administration	O
include	O
chest	B-Disease
wall	I-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
,	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
respiratory	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Here	O
,	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
urinary	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
retention	I-Disease
leading	O
to	O
renal	O
pelvocalyceal	O
dilatation	O
mimicking	O
hydronephrosis	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
are	O
reported	O
.	O

Fatal	O
myeloencephalopathy	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
accidental	O
intrathecal	O
vincristin	B-Chemical
administration	O
:	O
a	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
two	O
fatal	O
cases	O
of	O
accidental	O
intrathecal	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
instillation	O
in	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
girl	O
with	O
recurrent	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leucemia	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
lymphoblastic	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
girl	O
died	O
seven	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
man	O
four	O
weeks	O
after	O
intrathecal	O
injection	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
.	O

Clinically	O
,	O
the	O
onset	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
the	O
signs	O
of	O
opistothonus	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
sensory	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
motor	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
ascending	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

Histological	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
investigations	O
(	O
HE	O
-	O
LFB	O
,	O
CD	O
-	O
68	O
,	O
Neurofilament	O
)	O
revealed	O
degeneration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
myelin	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
axons	I-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
pseudocystic	B-Disease
transformation	I-Disease
in	O
areas	O
exposed	O
to	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
,	O
accompanied	O
by	O
secondary	O
changes	O
with	O
numerous	O
prominent	O
macrophages	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
course	O
and	O
histopathological	O
results	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
cases	O
are	O
presented	O
.	O

A	O
review	O
of	O
all	O
reported	O
cases	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
is	O
given	O
.	O

A	O
better	O
controlled	O
regimen	O
for	O
administering	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
and	O
intrathecal	O
chemotherapy	O
is	O
recommended	O
.	O

Palpebral	B-Disease
twitching	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
depressed	B-Disease
adolescent	O
on	O
citalopram	B-Chemical
.	O

Current	O
estimates	O
suggest	O
that	O
between	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
children	O
and	O
adolescents	O
are	O
affected	O
by	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
favorable	O
response	O
to	O
treatment	O
with	O
citalopram	B-Chemical
by	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
with	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
who	O
exhibited	O
palpebral	B-Disease
twitching	I-Disease
during	O
his	O
first	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

This	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
citalopram	B-Chemical
as	O
it	O
remitted	O
with	O
redistribution	O
of	O
doses	O
.	O

The	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
syndrome	O
strikes	O
again	O
.	O

A	O
34	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
lady	O
developed	O
a	O
constellation	O
of	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
,	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
lymphadenopathy	B-Disease
and	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
,	O
beginning	O
on	O
the	O
17th	O
day	O
of	O
a	O
course	O
of	O
oral	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
for	O
sero	O
-	O
negative	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

Cervical	O
and	O
inguinal	O
lymph	O
node	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
severe	O
necrotising	O
lymphadenitis	B-Disease
,	O
associated	O
with	O
erythrophagocytosis	O
and	O
prominent	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltrates	O
,	O
without	O
viral	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
.	O
A	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
fulminant	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
anti	O
-	O
nuclear	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	O
markers	O
of	O
autoimmunity	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
and	O
accompanied	O
by	O
multi	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
organ	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
sepsis	B-Disease
,	O
supervened	O
.	O

She	O
subsequently	O
died	O
some	O
5	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
her	O
drug	O
therapy	O
.	O
Post	O
-	O
mortem	O
examination	O
showed	O
evidence	O
of	O
massive	B-Disease
hepatocellular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
acute	O
hypersensitivity	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
,	O
focal	O
acute	O
tubulo	O
-	O
interstitial	O
nephritis	B-Disease
and	O
extensive	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
malignancy	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
thought	O
that	O
the	O
clinico	O
-	O
pathological	O
features	O
and	O
chronology	O
of	O
this	O
case	O
bore	O
the	O
hallmarks	O
of	O
the	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
"	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
syndrome	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
rare	O
,	O
but	O
often	O
fatal	O
,	O
immunoallergic	O
reaction	O
to	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
.	O

Intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
by	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
infusion	O
versus	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
bolus	O
does	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
trial	O
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
sought	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
intravenous	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
bolus	O
or	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
infusion	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
conducted	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
of	O
a	O
central	O
-	O
city	O
teaching	O
hospital	O
.	O

Patients	O
aged	O
18	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
treated	O
with	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
for	O
headache	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
vomiting	B-Disease
were	O
eligible	O
for	O
inclusion	O
.	O

Study	O
participants	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	O
mg	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
administered	O
intravenously	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
push	O
(	O
bolus	O
group	O
)	O
or	O
10	O
mg	O
diluted	O
in	O
50	O
mL	O
of	O
normal	O
saline	O
solution	O
administered	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
during	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
period	O
(	O
infusion	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
main	O
outcome	O
was	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
study	O
participants	O
experiencing	O
akathisia	B-Disease
within	O
60	O
minutes	O
of	O
administration	O
.	O

Akathisia	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
either	O
a	O
spontaneous	O
report	O
of	O
restlessness	O
or	O
agitation	B-Disease
or	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
2	O
or	O
more	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
-	O
reported	O
akathisia	B-Disease
rating	O
scale	O
and	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
1	O
in	O
the	O
investigator	O
-	O
observed	O
akathisia	B-Disease
rating	O
scale	O
.	O

The	O
intensity	O
of	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
with	O
a	O
100	O
-	O
mm	O
visual	O
analog	O
scale	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
patients	O
were	O
enrolled	O
.	O

One	O
study	O
participant	O
was	O
excluded	O
after	O
protocol	O
violation	O
.	O

Seventy	O
-	O
three	O
percent	O
(	O
73	O
/	O
99	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
participants	O
were	O
treated	O
for	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
70	O
%	O
(	O
70	O
/	O
99	O
)	O
for	O
nausea	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
bolus	O
group	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
(	O
13	O
/	O
50	O
)	O
had	O
akathisia	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
32	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
(	O
16	O
/	O
49	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
infusion	O
group	O
(	O
Delta	O
=	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
-	O
24	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
11	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
bolus	O
and	O
infusion	O
groups	O
in	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
participants	O
who	O
saw	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
their	O
headache	B-Disease
intensity	O
within	O
30	O
minutes	O
was	O
11	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
33	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
their	O
nausea	B-Disease
was	O
12	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
29	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
A	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
when	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
versus	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
intravenous	O
push	O
was	O
not	O
detected	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
likewise	O
did	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
administration	O
,	O
although	O
no	O
formal	O
statistical	O
comparisons	O
were	O
made	O
.	O

Combined	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
causes	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
and	O
elevates	O
plasma	O
lactate	B-Chemical
in	O
transgenic	O
AIDS	B-Disease
mice	O
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
(	O
CM	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
in	O
elevated	O
plasma	O
lactate	B-Chemical
(	O
LA	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
AIDS	B-Disease
through	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

To	O
determine	O
mitochondrial	O
events	O
from	O
HAART	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
-	O
old	O
hemizygous	O
transgenic	O
AIDS	B-Disease
mice	O
(	O
NL4	O
-	O
3Delta	O
gag	O
/	O
pol	O
;	O
TG	O
)	O
and	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
FVB	O
/	O
n	O
littermates	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
HAART	O
combination	O
of	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
,	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
control	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
or	O
35	O
days	O
.	O

At	O
termination	O
of	O
the	O
experiments	O
,	O
mice	O
underwent	O
echocardiography	O
,	O
quantitation	O
of	O
abundance	O
of	O
molecular	O
markers	O
of	O
CM	B-Disease
(	O
ventricular	O
mRNA	O
encoding	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
[	O
ANF	O
]	O
and	O
sarcoplasmic	O
calcium	B-Chemical
ATPase	O
[	O
SERCA2	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
determination	O
of	O
plasma	O
LA	B-Chemical
.	O

Myocardial	O
histologic	O
features	O
were	O
analyzed	O
semiquantitatively	O
and	O
results	O
were	O
confirmed	O
by	O
transmission	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
.	O

After	O
35	O
days	O
in	O
the	O
TG	O
+	O
HAART	O
cohort	O
,	O
left	O
ventricular	O
mass	O
increased	O
160	O
%	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Molecularly	O
,	O
ANF	O
mRNA	O
increased	O
250	O
%	O
and	O
SERCA2	O
mRNA	O
decreased	O
57	O
%	O
.	O

Biochemically	O
,	O
LA	B-Chemical
was	O
elevated	O
(	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mM	O
)	O
.	O

Pathologically	O
,	O
granular	O
cytoplasmic	O
changes	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
cardiac	O
myocytes	O
,	O
indicating	O
enlarged	O
,	O
damaged	O
mitochondria	O
.	O

Findings	O
were	O
confirmed	O
ultrastructurally	O
.	O

No	O
changes	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
other	O
cohorts	O
.	O

After	O
10	O
days	O
,	O
only	O
ANF	O
was	O
elevated	O
,	O
and	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
TG	O
+	O
HAART	O
cohort	O
.	O

Results	O
show	O
that	O
cumulative	O
HAART	O
caused	O
mitochondrial	O
CM	B-Disease
with	O
elevated	O
LA	B-Chemical
in	O
AIDS	B-Disease
transgenic	O
mice	O
.	O

A	O
Phase	O
II	O
trial	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
plus	O
WR	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2721	I-Chemical
(	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
:	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
Study	O
(	O
E8188	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
has	O
minimal	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
when	O
used	O
as	O
second	O
-	O
or	O
third	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	O
of	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

Older	O
reports	O
suggest	O
an	O
objective	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
8	O
%	O
when	O
60	O
-	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
administered	O
every	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
)	O
have	O
limited	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

WR	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2721	I-Chemical
or	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
initially	O
was	O
developed	O
to	O
protect	O
military	O
personnel	O
in	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
nuclear	O
war	O
.	O

Amifostine	B-Chemical
subsequently	O
was	O
shown	O
to	O
protect	O
normal	O
tissues	O
from	O
the	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
alkylating	B-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
and	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
without	O
decreasing	O
the	O
antitumor	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Early	O
trials	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
also	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
were	O
reduced	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
Phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
plus	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
progressive	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
who	O
had	O
received	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
,	O
chemotherapy	O
regimen	O
for	O
metastatic	O
disease	O
.	O

Patients	O
received	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
,	O
910	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
intravenously	O
over	O
15	O
minutes	O
.	O

After	O
completion	O
of	O
the	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
was	O
administered	O
over	O
30	O
minutes	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
hydration	O
and	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Treatment	O
was	O
administered	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
until	O
disease	O
progression	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
four	O
patients	O
were	O
enrolled	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
of	O
which	O
7	O
(	O
16	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
ineligible	O
.	O

A	O
median	O
of	O
2	O
cycles	O
of	O
therapy	O
was	O
administered	O
to	O
the	O
37	O
eligible	O
patients	O
.	O

Six	O
partial	O
responses	O
were	O
observed	O
for	O
an	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
16	O
%	O
.	O

Most	O
patients	O
(	O
57	O
%	O
)	O
stopped	O
treatment	O
because	O
of	O
disease	O
progression	O
.	O

Neurologic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
reported	O
in	O
52	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Seven	O
different	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
while	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
study	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
16	O
%	O
.	O

Neither	O
a	O
tumor	B-Disease
-	O
protective	O
effect	O
nor	O
reduced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
to	O
normal	O
tissues	O
was	O
observed	O
with	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
to	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
trial	O
.	O

Oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
An	O
association	O
between	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
found	O
in	O
some	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
all	O
,	O
studies	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
progestagen	B-Chemical
included	O
in	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
desogestrel	B-Chemical
or	O
gestodene	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
levonorgestrel	B-Chemical
)	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
prothrombotic	O
mutations	O
METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
nationwide	O
,	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
and	O
enrolled	O
248	O
women	O
18	O
through	O
49	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
a	O
first	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1995	O
and	O
925	O
control	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
and	O
who	O
were	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
calendar	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
index	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
area	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O

Subjects	O
supplied	O
information	O
on	O
oral	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
use	O
and	O
major	O
cardiovascular	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

An	O
analysis	O
for	O
factor	O
V	O
Leiden	O
and	O
the	O
G20210A	O
mutation	O
in	O
the	O
prothrombin	O
gene	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
217	O
patients	O
and	O
763	O
controls	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
odds	O
ratio	O
for	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
any	O
type	O
of	O
combined	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
,	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
nonusers	O
,	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
adjusted	O
odds	O
ratio	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
among	O
those	O
who	O
used	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

Among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
odds	O
ratio	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
without	O
a	O
prothrombotic	O
mutation	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
with	O
a	O
mutation	O
CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
increased	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
results	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
were	O
inconclusive	O
but	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
was	O
lower	O
than	O
the	O
risk	O
associated	O
with	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
similar	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
whether	O
or	O
not	O
they	O
had	O
a	O
prothrombotic	O
mutation	O
.	O

End	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
orthotopic	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
(	O
OLTX	O
)	O
using	O
calcineurin	O
-	O
based	O
immunotherapy	O
:	O
risk	O
of	O
development	O
and	O
treatment	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
are	O
both	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
.	O

Their	O
use	O
in	O
orthotopic	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
(	O
OLTX	O
)	O
has	O
dramatically	O
improved	O
success	O
rates	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
had	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
are	O
presenting	O
after	O
OLTX	O
with	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

This	O
retrospective	O
study	O
examines	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
treatment	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
and	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CRF	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
OLTX	O
patients	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
receiving	O
an	O
OLTX	O
only	O
from	O
June	O
1985	O
through	O
December	O
of	O
1994	O
who	O
survived	O
6	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
were	O
studied	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
834	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
prospectively	O
collected	O
database	O
was	O
the	O
source	O
of	O
information	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
:	O
Controls	O
,	O
no	O
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
748	O
;	O
CRF	B-Disease
,	O
sustained	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
>	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
41	O
;	O
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
45	O
.	O

Groups	O
were	O
compared	O
for	O
preoperative	O
laboratory	O
variables	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
,	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
,	O
survival	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
survival	O
from	O
onset	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
At	O
13	O
years	O
after	O
OLTX	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
severe	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
was	O
18	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
CRF	B-Disease
8	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
9	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
control	O
patients	O
,	O
CRF	B-Disease
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
patients	O
had	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
a	O
greater	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatorenal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
higher	O
percentage	O
requirement	O
for	O
dialysis	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
higher	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
.	O

Multivariate	O
stepwise	O
logistic	O
regression	O
analysis	O
using	O
preoperative	O
and	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
identified	O
that	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
average	O
at	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
4	O
weeks	O
postoperatively	O
were	O
independent	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
with	O
odds	O
ratios	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Overall	O
survival	O
from	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
OLTX	O
was	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
among	O
groups	O
,	O
but	O
by	O
year	O
13	O
,	O
the	O
survival	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
ESRD	B-Disease
was	O
only	O
28	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
compared	O
with	O
54	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

Patients	O
developing	O
ESRD	B-Disease
had	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
survival	O
after	O
onset	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
of	O
27	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
receiving	O
hemodialysis	O
versus	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
developing	O
ESRD	B-Disease
who	O
subsequently	O
received	O
kidney	O
transplants	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Patients	O
who	O
are	O
more	O
than	O
10	O
years	O
post	O
-	O
OLTX	O
have	O
CRF	B-Disease
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
at	O
a	O
high	O
rate	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
decreases	O
survival	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
those	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
dialysis	O
only	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
develop	O
ESRD	B-Disease
have	O
a	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
and	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
are	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
hepatorenal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
at	O
various	O
times	O
postoperatively	O
is	O
more	O
predictive	O
of	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

New	O
strategies	O
for	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
immunosuppression	O
may	O
be	O
needed	O
to	O
decrease	O
this	O
complication	O
.	O

Epileptic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
following	O
cortical	O
application	O
of	O
fibrin	O
sealants	O
containing	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Fibrin	O
sealants	O
(	O
FS	O
)	O
derived	O
from	O
human	O
plasma	O
are	O
frequently	O
used	O
in	O
neurosurgery	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
increase	O
clot	O
stability	O
,	O
FS	O
typically	O
contain	O
aprotinin	O
,	O
a	O
natural	O
fibrinolysis	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
synthetic	O
fibrinolysis	O
inhibitors	O
such	O
as	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
)	O
have	O
been	O
considered	O
as	O
substitutes	O
for	O
aprotinin	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
cause	O
epileptic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
wanted	O
to	O
study	O
whether	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
retains	O
its	O
convulsive	B-Disease
action	O
if	O
incorporated	O
into	O
a	O
FS	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
FS	O
containing	O
aprotinin	O
or	O
different	O
concentrations	O
of	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
were	O
applied	O
to	O
the	O
pial	O
surface	O
of	O
the	O
cortex	O
of	O
anaesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
response	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
was	O
evaluated	O
using	O
electroencephalography	O
and	O
by	O
monitoring	O
the	O
clinical	O
behaviour	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
recovery	O
from	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
FS	O
containing	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
caused	O
paroxysmal	O
brain	O
activity	O
which	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
distinct	O
convulsive	B-Disease
behaviours	O
.	O

The	O
degree	O
of	O
these	O
seizures	B-Disease
increased	O
with	O
increasing	O
concentration	O
of	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
FS	O
containing	O
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
evoked	O
generalized	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
in	O
all	O
tested	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
lowest	O
concentration	O
of	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
only	O
evoked	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
jerk	O
-	O
correlated	O
convulsive	B-Disease
potentials	O
in	O
1	O
of	O
6	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
FS	O
containing	O
aprotinin	O
did	O
not	O
evoke	O
any	O
paroxysmal	O
activity	O
.	O

INTERPRETATION	O
:	O
Tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
retains	O
its	O
convulsive	B-Disease
action	O
within	O
FS	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
FS	O
containing	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
for	O
surgery	O
within	O
or	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
CNS	O
may	O
pose	O
a	O
substantial	O
risk	O
to	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Sequential	O
observations	O
of	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
and	O
subsequent	O
morphological	O
changes	O
by	O
mouse	O
exo	O
utero	O
development	O
system	O
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

Anencephaly	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
to	O
develop	O
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
;	O
however	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
direct	O
experimental	O
evidence	O
to	O
support	O
this	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
transformation	O
remains	O
unclear	O
.	O

We	O
examined	O
this	O
theory	O
using	O
the	O
exo	O
utero	O
development	O
system	O
that	O
allows	O
direct	O
and	O
sequential	O
observations	O
of	O
mid	O
-	O
to	O
late	O
-	O
gestation	O
mouse	O
embryos	O
.	O

We	O
observed	O
the	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
azacytidine	I-Chemical
at	O
embryonic	O
day	O
13	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
let	O
the	O
embryos	O
develop	O
exo	O
utero	O
until	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
re	O
-	O
observed	O
the	O
same	O
embryos	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

We	O
confirmed	O
several	O
cases	O
of	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
many	O
cases	O
,	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
brain	O
tissue	O
was	O
preserved	O
with	O
more	O
or	O
less	O
reduction	O
during	O
this	O
period	O
.	O

To	O
analyze	O
the	O
transformation	O
patterns	O
,	O
we	O
classified	O
the	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
by	O
size	O
and	O
shape	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
into	O
several	O
types	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
was	O
not	O
simply	O
size	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
cases	O
of	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
resulted	O
from	O
embryos	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

Microscopic	O
observation	O
showed	O
the	O
configuration	O
of	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
frequent	O
hemorrhaging	B-Disease
and	O
detachment	O
of	O
the	O
neural	O
plate	O
from	O
surface	O
ectoderm	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	O
at	O
E15	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

From	O
observations	O
of	O
the	O
vasculature	O
,	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
were	O
identified	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
overgrowth	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
neural	O
tissue	O
causes	O
the	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
,	O
subsequent	O
peripheral	O
circulatory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
hemorrhaging	B-Disease
in	O
various	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
tissue	O
reduction	O
during	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
for	O
detection	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Infarct	B-Disease
-	O
avid	O
radiopharmaceuticals	O
are	O
necessary	O
for	O
rapid	O
and	O
timely	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
animal	O
model	O
used	O
to	O
produce	O
infarction	B-Disease
implies	O
artery	O
ligation	O
but	O
chemical	O
induction	O
can	O
be	O
easily	O
obtained	O
with	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
new	O
infarct	B-Disease
-	O
avid	O
radiopharmaceutical	O
based	O
on	O
glucaric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
was	O
prepared	O
in	O
the	O
hospital	O
radiopharmacy	O
of	O
the	O
INCMNSZ	O
.	O

99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
was	O
easy	O
to	O
prepare	O
,	O
stable	O
for	O
96	O
h	O
and	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
study	O
its	O
biodistribution	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Histological	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
the	O
rats	O
developed	O
an	O
infarct	B-Disease
18	O
h	O
after	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

The	O
rat	O
biodistribution	O
studies	O
showed	O
a	O
rapid	O
blood	O
clearance	O
via	O
the	O
kidneys	O
.	O

Thirty	O
minutes	O
after	O
99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
administration	O
the	O
standardised	O
heart	O
uptake	O
value	O
S	O
(	O
h	O
)	O
UV	O
was	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
in	O
infarcted	O
rat	O
heart	O
which	O
is	O
six	O
times	O
more	O
than	O
in	O
normal	O
rats	O
.	O

ROIs	O
drawn	O
over	O
the	O
gamma	O
camera	O
images	O
showed	O
a	O
ratio	O
of	O
4	O
.	O
4	O
.	O

The	O
high	O
image	O
quality	O
suggests	O
that	O
high	O
contrast	O
images	O
can	O
be	O
obtained	O
in	O
humans	O
and	O
the	O
96	O
h	O
stability	O
makes	O
it	O
an	O
ideal	O
agent	O
to	O
detect	O
,	O
in	O
patients	O
,	O
early	O
cardiac	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Bupropion	B-Chemical
(	O
Zyban	B-Chemical
)	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Bupropion	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
monocyclic	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
structurally	O
related	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Zyban	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
formulation	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
was	O
recently	O
released	O
in	O
Ireland	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
smoking	O
cessation	O
aid	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
initial	O
6	O
months	O
since	O
it	O
'	O
s	O
introduction	O
,	O
12	O
overdose	B-Disease
cases	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
The	O
National	O
Poisons	O
Information	O
Centre	O
.	O

8	O
patients	O
developed	O
symptoms	O
of	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Common	O
features	O
included	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
and	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
severe	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
one	O
patient	O
who	O
was	O
resuscitated	O
following	O
a	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
.	O

All	O
patients	O
recovered	O
without	O
sequelae	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
31	O
year	O
old	O
female	O
who	O
required	O
admission	O
to	O
the	O
Intensive	O
Care	O
Unit	O
for	O
ventilation	O
and	O
full	O
supportive	O
therapy	O
,	O
following	O
ingestion	O
of	O
13	O
.	O
5g	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
.	O

Recurrent	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
broad	O
complex	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
was	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
.	O

Zyban	B-Chemical
caused	O
significant	O
neurological	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
cardiovascular	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
potential	O
toxic	O
effects	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
when	O
prescribing	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
smoking	O
cessation	O
aid	O
.	O

GLEPP1	O
receptor	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
phosphatase	O
(	O
Ptpro	O
)	O
in	O
rat	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
marker	O
of	O
acute	O
podocyte	O
injury	O
.	O

Glomerular	O
epithelial	O
protein	O
1	O
(	O
GLEPP1	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
podocyte	O
receptor	O
membrane	O
protein	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
phosphatase	O
located	O
on	O
the	O
apical	O
cell	O
membrane	O
of	O
visceral	O
glomerular	O
epithelial	O
cell	O
and	O
foot	O
processes	O
.	O

This	O
receptor	O
plays	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
regulating	O
the	O
structure	O
and	O
function	O
of	O
podocyte	O
foot	O
process	O
.	O

To	O
better	O
understand	O
the	O
utility	O
of	O
GLEPP1	O
as	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
glomerular	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
amount	O
and	O
distribution	O
of	O
GLEPP1	O
protein	O
and	O
mRNA	O
were	O
examined	O
by	O
immunohistochemistry	O
,	O
Western	O
blot	O
and	O
RNase	O
protection	O
assay	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
podocyte	O
injury	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
single	O
intraperitoneal	O
injection	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
,	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
100g	O
BW	O
)	O
.	O

Tissues	O
were	O
analyzed	O
at	O
0	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
11	O
,	O
21	O
,	O
45	O
,	O
80	O
and	O
126	O
days	O
after	O
PAN	B-Chemical
injection	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
include	O
both	O
the	O
acute	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
foot	O
process	O
effacement	O
(	O
days	O
5	O
-	O
11	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
chronic	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
(	O
days	O
45	O
-	O
126	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
day	O
5	O
,	O
GLEPP1	O
protein	O
and	O
mRNA	O
were	O
reduced	O
from	O
the	O
normal	O
range	O
(	O
265	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
79	O
.	O
6	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
moles	O
/	O
glomerulus	O
and	O
100	O
%	O
)	O
to	O
15	O
%	O
of	O
normal	O
(	O
41	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
8	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
moles	O
/	O
glomerulus	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
occurred	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
urinary	O
protein	O
content	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
to	O
99	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
61	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
podocalyxin	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
significantly	O
at	O
this	O
time	O
.	O

By	O
day	O
11	O
,	O
GLEPP1	O
protein	O
and	O
mRNA	O
had	O
begun	O
to	O
return	O
towards	O
baseline	O
.	O

By	O
day	O
45	O
-	O
126	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
when	O
glomerular	O
scarring	O
was	O
present	O
,	O
GLEPP1	O
was	O
absent	O
from	O
glomerulosclerotic	O
areas	O
although	O
the	O
total	O
glomerular	O
content	O
of	O
GLEPP1	O
was	O
not	O
different	O
from	O
normal	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
GLEPP1	O
expression	O
,	O
unlike	O
podocalyxin	O
,	O
reflects	O
podocyte	O
injury	O
induced	O
by	O
PAN	B-Chemical
.	O

GLEPP1	O
expression	O
may	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
marker	O
of	O
podocyte	O
injury	O
.	O

Antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
patient	O
who	O
received	O
antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
therapy	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

Bone	O
marrow	O
recovery	O
and	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
recovery	O
were	O
complete	O
1	O
month	O
and	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
after	O
treatment	O
,	O
and	O
blood	O
transfusion	O
or	O
other	O
therapies	O
were	O
not	O
necessary	O
in	O
a	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
2	O
years	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
the	O
optimal	O
treatment	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Metamizol	B-Chemical
potentiates	O
morphine	B-Chemical
antinociception	O
but	O
not	O
constipation	B-Disease
after	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
antinociceptive	O
and	O
constipating	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
morphine	B-Chemical
with	O
177	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
in	O
acutely	O
and	O
chronically	O
treated	O
(	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
12	O
days	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
13th	O
day	O
,	O
antinociceptive	O
effects	O
were	O
assessed	O
using	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
nociception	O
,	O
pain	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
functional	O
impairment	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
charcoal	B-Chemical
meal	O
test	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
.	O

Simultaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
with	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
markedly	O
antinociceptive	O
potentiation	O
and	O
an	O
increasing	O
of	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
after	O
a	O
single	O
(	O
298	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
vs	O
.	O
139	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
36	O
units	O
area	O
(	O
ua	O
)	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
repeated	O
administration	O
(	O
280	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
vs	O
.	O
131	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
22	O
ua	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Antinociceptive	O
effect	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
chronically	O
treated	O
rats	O
(	O
39	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
vs	O
.	O
18	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
au	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
combination	O
-	O
induced	O
antinociception	O
was	O
remained	O
similar	O
as	O
an	O
acute	O
treatment	O
(	O
298	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
vs	O
.	O
280	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
au	O
)	O
.	O

Acute	O
antinociceptive	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
were	O
partially	O
prevented	O
by	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O

(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
partial	O
involvement	O
of	O
the	O
opioidergic	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
synergism	O
observed	O
.	O

In	O
independent	O
groups	O
,	O
morphine	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
in	O
48	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
and	O
38	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
after	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
tolerance	O
did	O
not	O
develop	O
to	O
the	O
constipating	B-Disease
effects	O
.	O

The	O
combination	O
inhibited	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
produced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
potentiate	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
constipation	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
findings	O
show	O
a	O
significant	O
interaction	O
between	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
in	O
chronically	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
this	O
combination	O
could	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Ifosfamide	B-Chemical
encephalopathy	B-Disease
presenting	O
with	O
asterixis	B-Disease
.	O

CNS	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
antineoplastic	O
agent	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
(	O
IFX	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
frequent	O
and	O
include	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
neurological	O
symptoms	O
that	O
can	O
limit	O
drug	O
use	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
51	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
developed	O
severe	O
,	O
disabling	O
negative	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
extremities	O
after	O
the	O
infusion	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
for	O
plasmacytoma	B-Disease
.	O

He	O
was	O
awake	O
,	O
revealed	O
no	O
changes	O
of	O
mental	O
status	O
and	O
at	O
rest	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
further	O
motor	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Cranial	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
extensive	O
laboratory	O
studies	O
failed	O
to	O
reveal	O
structural	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
brain	I-Disease
and	O
metabolic	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
electroencephalogram	O
showed	O
continuous	O
,	O
generalized	O
irregular	O
slowing	O
with	O
admixed	O
periodic	O
triphasic	O
waves	O
indicating	O
symptomatic	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
within	O
12	O
h	O
the	O
asterixis	B-Disease
resolved	O
completely	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
patient	O
described	O
,	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
asterixis	B-Disease
during	O
infusion	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
,	O
normal	O
laboratory	O
findings	O
and	O
imaging	O
studies	O
and	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
following	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
suggest	O
that	O
negative	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
IFX	B-Chemical
.	O

Antagonism	O
between	O
interleukin	O
3	O
and	O
erythropoietin	O
in	O
mice	O
with	O
azidothymidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
and	O
in	O
bone	O
marrow	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
.	O

Azidothymidine	B-Chemical
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
can	O
be	O
reversed	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
(	O
fusion	O
protein	O
of	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
II	O
(	O
IGF	O
II	O
)	O
and	O
interleukin	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
interleukin	O
3	O
(	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
and	O
erythropoietin	O
(	O
EPO	O
)	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
act	O
synergistically	O
on	O
hematopoietic	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
in	O
vitro	O
,	O
injection	O
of	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
EPO	O
in	O
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
mice	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
red	O
cells	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
plasma	O
EPO	O
levels	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
or	O
EPO	O
alone	O
.	O

We	O
tested	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
antagonistic	O
effect	O
of	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
EPO	O
on	O
erythroid	O
cells	O
may	O
be	O
mediated	O
by	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
.	O

Bovine	O
liver	O
erythroid	O
cells	O
were	O
cultured	O
on	O
monolayers	O
of	O
human	O
bone	O
marrow	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
previously	O
treated	O
with	O
EPO	O
and	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
of	O
thymidine	B-Chemical
incorporation	O
into	O
both	O
erythroid	O
and	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
in	O
cultures	O
pre	O
-	O
treated	O
with	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
EPO	O
.	O

Endothelial	O
cell	O
culture	O
supernatants	O
separated	O
by	O
ultrafiltration	O
and	O
ultracentrifugation	O
from	O
cells	O
treated	O
with	O
EPO	O
and	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
thymidine	B-Chemical
incorporation	O
into	O
erythroid	O
cells	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
identical	O
fractions	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
media	O
of	O
cells	O
cultured	O
with	O
EPO	O
alone	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
treated	O
simultaneously	O
with	O
EPO	O
and	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
have	O
a	O
negative	O
effect	O
on	O
erythroid	O
cell	O
production	O
.	O

The	O
relationship	O
between	O
hippocampal	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
release	O
and	O
cholinergic	O
convulsant	O
sensitivity	O
in	O
withdrawal	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
prone	O
and	O
withdrawal	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
resistant	O
selected	O
mouse	O
lines	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
septo	O
-	O
hippocampal	O
cholinergic	O
pathway	O
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
epileptogenesis	O
,	O
and	O
genetic	O
factors	O
influence	O
the	O
response	O
to	O
cholinergic	O
agents	O
,	O
but	O
limited	O
data	O
are	O
available	O
on	O
cholinergic	O
involvement	O
in	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
severity	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
cholinergic	O
activity	O
and	O
responsiveness	O
and	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
a	O
genetic	O
animal	O
model	O
of	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
severity	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Cholinergic	O
convulsant	O
sensitivity	O
was	O
examined	O
in	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
-	O
na	O
ve	O
Withdrawal	O
Seizure	B-Disease
-	O
Prone	O
(	O
WSP	O
)	O
and	O
-	O
Resistant	O
(	O
WSR	O
)	O
mice	O
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
administered	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
,	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
via	O
timed	O
tail	O
vein	O
infusion	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
latencies	O
to	O
onset	O
of	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
clonus	O
were	O
recorded	O
and	O
converted	O
to	O
threshold	O
dose	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
used	O
microdialysis	O
to	O
measure	O
basal	O
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
-	O
stimulated	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
ACh	B-Chemical
)	O
release	O
in	O
the	O
CA1	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

Potassium	B-Chemical
was	O
applied	O
by	O
reverse	O
dialysis	O
twice	O
,	O
separated	O
by	O
75	O
min	O
.	O

Hippocampal	O
ACh	B-Chemical
also	O
was	O
measured	O
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sensitivity	O
to	O
several	O
convulsion	B-Disease
endpoints	O
induced	O
by	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
,	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
in	O
WSR	O
versus	O
WSP	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
microdialysis	O
experiments	O
,	O
the	O
lines	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
in	O
basal	O
release	O
of	O
ACh	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
50	O
mM	O
KCl	B-Chemical
increased	O
ACh	B-Chemical
output	O
in	O
both	O
lines	O
of	O
mice	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
release	O
of	O
ACh	B-Chemical
produced	O
by	O
the	O
first	O
application	O
of	O
KCl	B-Chemical
was	O
2	O
-	O
fold	O
higher	O
in	O
WSP	O
versus	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

When	O
hippocampal	O
ACh	B-Chemical
was	O
measured	O
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
,	O
extracellular	O
ACh	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
192	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSP	O
mice	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
nonsignificantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
59	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
differences	O
in	O
cholinergic	O
activity	O
and	O
postsynaptic	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
cholinergic	O
convulsants	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
severity	O
and	O
implicate	O
cholinergic	O
mechanisms	O
in	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
.	O

Specifically	O
,	O
WSP	O
mice	O
may	O
have	O
lower	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
cholinergic	O
convulsants	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
WSR	O
because	O
of	O
postsynaptic	O
receptor	O
desensitization	O
brought	O
on	O
by	O
higher	O
activity	O
of	O
cholinergic	O
neurons	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
alters	O
the	O
excitability	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
jaw	O
-	O
stretch	O
reflex	O
.	O

The	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
painful	O
temporomandibular	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
is	O
not	O
fully	O
understood	O
,	O
but	O
evidence	O
suggests	O
that	O
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
modulates	O
motor	O
function	O
in	O
characteristic	O
ways	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
tested	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
activation	O
of	O
nociceptive	B-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
afferent	O
fibers	O
would	O
be	O
linked	O
to	O
an	O
increased	O
excitability	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
jaw	O
-	O
stretch	O
reflex	O
and	O
whether	O
this	O
process	O
would	O
be	O
sensitive	O
to	O
length	O
and	O
velocity	O
of	O
the	O
stretch	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
micro	O
g	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
masseter	O
muscle	O
to	O
induce	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
11	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
.	O

Short	O
-	O
latency	O
reflex	O
responses	O
were	O
evoked	O
in	O
the	O
masseter	O
and	O
temporalis	O
muscles	O
by	O
a	O
stretch	O
device	O
with	O
different	O
velocities	O
and	O
displacements	O
before	O
,	O
during	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
normalized	O
reflex	O
amplitude	O
increased	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
velocity	O
at	O
a	O
given	O
displacement	O
,	O
but	O
remained	O
constant	O
with	O
different	O
displacements	O
at	O
a	O
given	O
velocity	O
.	O

The	O
normalized	O
reflex	O
amplitude	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
during	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
only	O
at	O
faster	O
stretches	O
in	O
the	O
painful	B-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
.	O

Increased	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
the	O
fusimotor	O
system	O
during	O
acute	O
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
one	O
likely	O
mechanism	O
to	O
explain	O
the	O
findings	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbal	O
shell	O
or	O
core	O
on	O
the	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
subregions	O
of	O
the	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
the	O
shell	O
and	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
implanted	O
bilaterally	O
with	O
cannulae	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
or	O
core	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
were	O
locally	O
injected	O
with	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
an	O
antagonist	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
)	O
or	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
an	O
agonist	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
)	O
.	O

Given	O
alone	O
to	O
any	O
accumbal	O
subregion	O
,	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
or	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
basal	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

Systemic	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
of	O
rats	O
.	O

GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
intra	O
-	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
prior	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
attenuated	O
the	O
psychostimulant	O
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
.	O

Such	O
attenuation	O
was	O
not	O
found	O
in	O
animals	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
injected	O
with	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
core	O
.	O

When	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
before	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
enhanced	O
the	O
locomotor	O
response	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
;	O
the	O
maximum	O
effect	O
being	O
observed	O
after	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
agonist	O
.	O

The	O
later	O
enhancement	O
was	O
attenuated	O
after	O
intra	O
-	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
treatment	O
with	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
induced	O
hyperlocomotion	B-Disease
is	O
modified	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
core	O
,	O
this	O
modification	O
consisting	O
in	O
inhibitory	O
and	O
facilitatory	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
(	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
agonist	O
(	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

In	O
other	O
words	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
accumbal	O
shell	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
play	O
a	O
permissive	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
behavioural	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
psychostimulant	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
related	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
:	O
are	O
we	O
seeing	O
the	O
tip	O
of	O
an	O
iceberg	O
?	O

The	O
recreational	O
use	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
is	O
on	O
the	O
increase	O
.	O

The	O
emergency	O
nurse	O
ought	O
to	O
be	O
familiar	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
consequences	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
,	O
the	O
tendency	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
to	O
produce	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
ought	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
the	O
mind	O
of	O
the	O
emergency	O
nurse	O
when	O
faced	O
with	O
a	O
young	O
victim	O
of	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
who	O
is	O
otherwise	O
at	O
low	O
risk	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
is	O
discussed	O
and	O
treatment	O
dilemmas	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
moral	O
issues	O
relating	O
to	O
the	O
testing	O
of	O
potential	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
will	O
be	O
addressed	O
.	O

Crossover	O
comparison	O
of	O
efficacy	O
and	O
preference	O
for	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
versus	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
migraine	B-Disease
.	O

Rizatriptan	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
selective	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
(	O
1B	O
/	O
1D	O
)	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
with	O
rapid	O
oral	O
absorption	O
and	O
early	O
onset	O
of	O
action	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
treatment	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
outpatient	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
preference	O
for	O
1	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
tablet	O
to	O
2	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
tablets	O
in	O
439	O
patients	O
treating	O
a	O
single	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
with	O
each	O
therapy	O
.	O

Of	O
patients	O
expressing	O
a	O
preference	O
(	O
89	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
twice	O
as	O
many	O
preferred	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
to	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
69	O
.	O
9	O
vs	O
.	O
30	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Faster	O
relief	O
of	O
headache	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
reason	O
for	O
preference	O
,	O
cited	O
by	O
67	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
preferring	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	O
54	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
preferred	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
co	O
-	O
primary	O
endpoint	O
of	O
being	O
pain	B-Disease
free	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
also	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
pain	B-Disease
free	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
,	O
compared	O
with	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
treated	O
with	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
being	O
superior	O
within	O
1	O
h	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Headache	B-Disease
relief	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	O
47	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
being	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
within	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
dosing	O
.	O

Almost	O
36	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
taking	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
were	O
pain	B-Disease
free	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
recurrence	O
or	O
need	O
for	O
additional	O
medication	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
on	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	B-Chemical
was	O
also	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
proportions	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
phonophobia	B-Disease
or	O
photophobia	B-Disease
and	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
normal	O
function	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
drug	O
intake	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

More	O
patients	O
were	O
(	O
completely	O
,	O
very	O
or	O
somewhat	O
)	O
satisfied	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
(	O
69	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
38	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Recurrence	O
rates	O
were	O
31	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
with	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	O
15	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
with	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

Both	O
active	O
treatments	O
were	O
well	O
tolerated	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
events	O
(	O
incidence	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
one	O
group	O
)	O
after	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
dizziness	B-Disease
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
somnolence	B-Disease
(	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Severe	O
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
for	O
recurrent	O
glioblastomas	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Glioblastoma	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
malignant	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
that	O
occurs	O
in	O
the	O
cerebrum	O
during	O
adulthood	O
.	O

With	O
current	O
treatment	O
regimens	O
including	O
combined	O
surgery	O
,	O
radiation	O
and	O
chemotherapy	O
,	O
the	O
average	O
life	O
expectancy	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
is	O
limited	O
to	O
approximately	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
glioblastoma	B-Disease
sometimes	O
have	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carcinostatics	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
treatment	O
regimen	O
.	O

Generally	O
,	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
said	O
to	O
have	O
milder	O
side	O
effects	O
than	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
whose	O
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
are	O
well	O
known	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
we	O
experienced	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
severe	O
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
is	O
infrequently	O
reported	O
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
A	O
58	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
received	O
an	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
for	O
recurrent	O
glioblastomas	B-Disease
in	O
his	O
left	O
temporal	O
lobe	O
.	O

He	O
complained	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
visual	I-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
ipsilateral	I-Disease
eye	I-Disease
30	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
.	O

Various	O
ocular	O
symptoms	O
and	O
findings	O
caused	O
by	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
were	O
seen	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
He	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
corticosteroids	O
and	O
glycerin	B-Chemical
for	O
6	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
elevation	O
caused	O
by	O
secondary	O
acute	O
angle	O
-	O
closure	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
decreased	O
and	O
ocular	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
diminished	O
,	O
inexorable	O
papilledema	B-Disease
and	O
exudative	O
retinal	B-Disease
detachment	I-Disease
continued	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
6	O
weeks	O
later	O
,	O
diffuse	O
chorioretinal	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
with	O
optic	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
occurred	O
and	O
the	O
vision	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
eye	O
was	O
lost	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
When	O
performing	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
we	O
must	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
its	O
potentially	O
blinding	O
ocular	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
recommended	O
that	O
further	O
studies	O
and	O
investigations	O
are	O
undertaken	O
in	O
the	O
effort	O
to	O
minimize	O
such	O
severe	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Zonisamide	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
broad	O
-	O
spectrum	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
various	O
types	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
have	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
an	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
this	O
agent	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
three	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
complex	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
and	O
altered	O
mental	O
status	O
after	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
was	O
begun	O
or	O
its	O
dosage	O
increased	O
.	O

All	O
three	O
had	O
been	O
diagnosed	O
earlier	O
with	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
their	O
electroencephalogram	O
(	O
EEG	O
)	O
findings	O
were	O
abnormal	O
.	O

During	O
monitoring	O
,	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
EEG	O
readings	O
,	O
nor	O
did	O
video	O
recording	O
capture	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
described	O
events	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
had	O
experienced	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
before	O
this	O
event	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
recent	O
change	O
in	O
their	O
treatment	O
was	O
the	O
introduction	O
or	O
increased	O
dosage	O
of	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

With	O
either	O
discontinuation	O
or	O
decreased	O
dosage	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
the	O
symptoms	O
disappeared	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
recur	O
.	O

Further	O
observations	O
and	O
reports	O
will	O
help	O
clarify	O
this	O
adverse	O
effect	O
.	O

Until	O
then	O
,	O
clinicians	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
possible	O
complication	O
associated	O
with	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Anti	O
-	O
epileptic	B-Disease
drugs	O
-	O
induced	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
three	O
patients	O
with	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
and	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
underlying	O
diseases	O
,	O
the	O
prognosis	O
for	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
is	O
good	O
because	O
it	O
subsides	O
rapidly	O
after	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
offending	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
transmitted	O
thalamocortical	O
circuitry	O
accounts	O
for	O
a	O
major	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
underlying	O
neurophysiology	O
of	O
the	O
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

Because	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
is	O
rare	O
,	O
pro	O
-	O
absence	O
drugs	O
can	O
only	O
be	O
considered	O
a	O
promoting	O
factor	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
epileptogenecity	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
or	O
the	O
synergistic	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
accompanying	O
drugs	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
trigger	O
the	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
aggravation	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
whenever	O
an	O
unexpected	O
increase	O
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
new	O
seizure	B-Disease
types	O
appear	O
following	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
drug	O
treatment	O
.	O

By	O
understanding	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
can	O
avoid	O
the	O
inappropriate	O
use	O
of	O
anticonvulsants	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
and	O
prevent	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
absence	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

Prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
programs	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	O
is	O
frequently	O
administered	O
to	O
the	O
developing	O
fetus	O
to	O
accelerate	O
pulmonary	O
development	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
programmed	O
a	O
progressive	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Pregnant	O
rats	O
were	O
given	O
either	O
vehicle	O
or	O
2	O
daily	O
intraperitoneal	O
injections	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
on	O
gestational	O
days	O
11	O
and	O
12	O
,	O
13	O
and	O
14	O
,	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
,	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
,	O
or	O
19	O
and	O
20	O
.	O

Offspring	O
of	O
rats	O
administered	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
gestation	O
had	O
a	O
20	O
%	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
control	O
at	O
6	O
to	O
9	O
months	O
of	O
age	O
(	O
22	O
527	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
509	O
versus	O
28	O
050	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
561	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
percent	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
measured	O
at	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
age	O
.	O

Six	O
-	O
to	O
9	O
-	O
month	O
old	O
rats	O
receiving	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
a	O
17	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
(	O
23	O
380	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
587	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
rats	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Male	O
rats	O
that	O
received	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
,	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
,	O
and	O
13	O
and	O
14	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
elevated	B-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressures	I-Disease
at	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
age	O
;	O
the	O
latter	O
group	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
.	O

Adult	O
rats	O
given	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
more	O
glomeruli	O
with	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
than	O
control	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
results	O
in	O
a	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
,	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hypertension	B-Disease
when	O
administered	O
at	O
specific	O
points	O
during	O
gestation	O
.	O

Hypertension	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
animals	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
a	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
is	O
not	O
the	O
sole	O
cause	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Kidney	O
function	O
and	O
morphology	O
after	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
SRL	B-Chemical
)	O
may	O
supplement	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
in	O
clinical	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
SRL	B-Chemical
seems	O
to	O
act	O
differently	O
displaying	O
only	O
minor	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
,	O
although	O
this	O
question	O
is	O
still	O
open	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
treatment	O
protocols	O
where	O
SRL	B-Chemical
was	O
combined	O
with	O
a	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
indications	O
of	O
a	O
synergistic	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
were	O
described	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
further	O
the	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
including	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
of	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
either	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	O
CsA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
FK506	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
SRL	B-Chemical
as	O
monotherapies	O
or	O
in	O
different	O
combinations	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
For	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
,	O
CsA	B-Chemical
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
orally	O
)	O
,	O
FK506	B-Chemical
3	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
orally	O
)	O
or	O
SRL	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
intraperitoneally	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
as	O
these	O
doses	O
have	O
earlier	O
been	O
found	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
significant	O
immunosuppressive	O
effect	O
in	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
'	O
conscious	O
catheterized	O
rat	O
'	O
model	O
,	O
the	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
(	O
GFR	O
)	O
was	O
measured	O
as	O
the	O
clearance	O
of	O
Cr	O
(	O
EDTA	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
included	O
a	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
system	O
analysing	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
striped	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
,	O
subcapsular	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
basophilic	O
tubules	O
,	O
plus	O
an	O
additional	O
stereological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
grade	O
of	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
stained	O
with	O
Sirius	O
Red	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
CsA	B-Chemical
,	O
FK506	B-Chemical
and	O
SRL	B-Chemical
all	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
GFR	O
.	O

A	O
further	O
deterioration	O
was	O
seen	O
when	O
CsA	B-Chemical
was	O
combined	O
with	O
either	O
FK506	B-Chemical
or	O
SRL	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
GFR	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
when	O
compared	O
with	O
treatment	O
with	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
single	O
substances	O
.	O

The	O
morphological	O
changes	O
presented	O
a	O
similar	O
pattern	O
.	O

The	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
was	O
significantly	O
worst	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
CsA	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
grade	O
of	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
also	O
showed	O
the	O
highest	O
proportion	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
group	O
and	O
was	O
significantly	O
different	O
from	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
combination	O
showed	O
only	O
a	O
marginally	O
higher	O
degree	O
of	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
as	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
rat	O
study	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
synergistic	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
CsA	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
was	O
better	O
tolerated	O
.	O

Evaluation	O
of	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
I	O
and	O
T	O
levels	O
as	O
markers	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
rats	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
relationship	O
with	O
echocardiographic	O
and	O
histological	O
findings	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cardiac	O
troponins	O
I	O
(	O
cTnI	O
)	O
and	O
T	O
(	O
cTnT	O
)	O
have	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
and	O
specific	O
markers	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
diagnostic	O
value	O
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
for	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
serial	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
monitored	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
histological	O
examinations	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
given	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
,	O
weekly	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
8	O
weeks	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
.	O

Ten	O
rats	O
received	O
saline	O
as	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

cTnI	O
was	O
measured	O
with	O
Access	O
(	O
R	O
)	O
(	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
research	O
immunoassay	O
(	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
compared	O
with	O
cTnT	O
,	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
mass	O
and	O
CK	O
.	O

By	O
using	O
transthoracic	O
echocardiography	O
,	O
anterior	O
and	O
posterior	O
wall	O
thickness	O
,	O
LV	O
diameters	O
and	O
LV	O
fractional	O
shortening	O
(	O
FS	O
)	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
all	O
rats	O
before	O
DOX	B-Chemical
or	O
saline	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
weeks	O
6	O
and	O
9	O
after	O
treatment	O
in	O
all	O
surviving	O
rats	O
.	O

Histology	O
was	O
performed	O
in	O
DOX	B-Chemical
-	O
rats	O
at	O
6	O
and	O
9	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
DOX	B-Chemical
dose	O
and	O
in	O
all	O
controls	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Eighteen	O
of	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
died	O
prematurely	O
of	O
general	O
toxicity	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
9	O
-	O
week	O
period	O
.	O

End	O
-	O
diastolic	O
(	O
ED	O
)	O
and	O
end	O
-	O
systolic	O
(	O
ES	O
)	O
LV	O
diameters	O
/	O
BW	O
significantly	O
increased	O
,	O
whereas	O
LV	O
FS	O
was	O
decreased	O
after	O
9	O
weeks	O
in	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
parameters	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
controls	O
.	O

Histological	O
evaluation	O
of	O
hearts	O
from	O
all	O
rats	O
given	O
DOX	B-Chemical
revealed	O
significant	O
slight	O
degrees	O
of	O
perivascular	O
and	O
interstitial	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
7	O
of	O
the	O
18	O
rats	O
,	O
degeneration	O
and	O
myocyte	O
vacuolisation	O
were	O
found	O
.	O

Only	O
five	O
of	O
the	O
controls	O
exhibited	O
evidence	O
of	O
very	O
slight	O
perivascular	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
significant	O
rise	O
in	O
cTnT	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
after	O
cumulative	O
doses	O
of	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
baseline	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

cTnT	O
found	O
in	O
rats	O
after	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
than	O
that	O
found	O
after	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
DOX	B-Chemical
.	O

Maximal	O
cTnI	O
(	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
and	O
cTnT	O
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
006	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
.	O

cTnI	O
(	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
mass	O
and	O
CK	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
.	O

All	O
markers	O
remained	O
stable	O
in	O
controls	O
.	O

Analysis	O
of	O
data	O
revealed	O
a	O
significant	O
correlation	O
between	O
maximal	O
cTnT	O
and	O
ED	O
and	O
ES	O
LV	O
diameters	O
/	O
BW	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
81	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
65	O
;	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
relationship	O
was	O
observed	O
between	O
maximal	O
cTnT	O
and	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
myocardial	O
morphological	O
changes	O
,	O
and	O
between	O
LV	O
diameters	O
/	O
BW	O
and	O
histological	O
findings	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Among	O
markers	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
after	O
DOX	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
,	O
cTnT	O
showed	O
the	O
greatest	O
ability	O
to	O
detect	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
assessed	O
by	O
echocardiographic	O
detection	O
and	O
histological	O
changes	O
.	O

Although	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
discrepancy	O
between	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
after	O
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
probably	O
due	O
to	O
heterogeneity	O
in	O
cross	O
-	O
reactivities	O
of	O
mAbs	O
to	O
various	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
forms	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
cTnT	O
in	O
rats	O
after	O
DOX	B-Chemical
indicates	O
cell	O
damage	O
determined	O
by	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
injury	O
induced	O
and	O
that	O
cTnT	O
should	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
marker	O
for	O
the	O
prediction	O
of	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
possibly	O
for	O
cardioprotective	O
experiments	O
.	O

Octreotide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypoxemia	B-Disease
and	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
premature	O
neonates	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
report	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
premature	O
neonates	O
who	O
had	O
enterocutaneous	O
fistula	B-Disease
complicating	O
necrotizing	B-Disease
enterocolitis	I-Disease
.	O

Pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
developed	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
somatostatin	O
analogue	O
,	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
,	O
to	O
enhance	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
fistula	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
authors	O
discuss	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
this	O
complication	O
and	O
recommend	O
caution	O
of	O
its	O
use	O
in	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
premature	O
neonates	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
in	O
women	O
prescribed	O
cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
nested	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
licensed	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
acne	B-Disease
and	O
hirsutism	B-Disease
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	O
option	O
for	O
polycystic	B-Disease
ovary	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
PCOS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
conventional	O
combined	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
(	O
COCs	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
believe	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
those	O
studies	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
affected	O
by	O
residual	O
confounding	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
General	O
Practice	O
Research	O
Database	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
nested	O
within	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
women	O
aged	O
between	O
15	O
and	O
39	O
years	O
with	O
acne	B-Disease
,	O
hirsutism	B-Disease
or	O
PCOS	B-Disease
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
age	O
-	O
adjusted	O
incidence	O
rate	O
ratio	O
for	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
versus	O
conventional	O
COCs	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
20	O
[	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
1	O
.	O
35	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
58	O
]	O
.	O

Using	O
as	O
the	O
reference	O
group	O
women	O
who	O
were	O
not	O
using	O
oral	O
contraception	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
recent	O
pregnancy	O
or	O
menopausal	O
symptoms	O
,	O
the	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
analysis	O
gave	O
an	O
adjusted	O
odds	O
ratio	O
(	O
OR	O
(	O
adj	O
)	O
)	O
of	O
7	O
.	O
44	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
3	O
.	O
67	O
-	O
15	O
.	O
08	O
)	O
for	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
use	O
compared	O
with	O
an	O
OR	O
(	O
adj	O
)	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
58	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
60	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
18	O
)	O
for	O
use	O
of	O
conventional	O
COCs	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
in	O
women	O
with	O
acne	B-Disease
,	O
hirsutism	B-Disease
or	O
PCOS	B-Disease
although	O
residual	O
confounding	O
by	O
indication	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
on	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
:	O
a	O
preliminary	O
study	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
work	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
on	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
(	O
GM	B-Chemical
)	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
vehicle	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
distilled	O
water	O
and	O
5	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
cellulose	O
,	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
a	O
10	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
aqueous	O
suspension	O
of	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
powder	O
,	O
orally	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
concomitantly	O
with	O
GM	B-Chemical
(	O
80mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
six	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
period	O
)	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
concentrations	O
of	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
reduced	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
(	O
GSH	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
cortex	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
light	O
microscopic	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
sections	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
and	O
GM	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	B-Chemical
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	B-Chemical
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	B-Chemical
together	O
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	B-Chemical
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

It	O
could	O
be	O
inferred	O
that	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
treatment	O
has	O
induced	O
a	O
modest	O
amelioration	O
of	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
histological	O
and	O
biochemical	O
indices	O
of	O
GM	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Further	O
work	O
is	O
warranted	O
on	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
treatments	O
on	O
renal	O
functional	O
aspects	O
in	O
models	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
mechanism	O
(	O
s	O
)	O
involved	O
.	O

Increased	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
with	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
and	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
metastatic	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
who	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Retrospective	O
analysis	O
of	O
a	O
randomized	O
phase	O
II	O
trial	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
National	O
Institutes	O
of	O
Health	O
clinical	O
research	O
center	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
Seventy	O
men	O
,	O
aged	O
50	O
-	O
80	O
years	O
,	O
with	O
advanced	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

INTERVENTION	O
:	O
Each	O
patient	O
received	O
either	O
intravenous	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
30	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
week	O
for	O
3	O
consecutive	O
weeks	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
1	O
week	O
off	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
continuous	O
oral	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
every	O
evening	O
plus	O
the	O
same	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
regimen	O
.	O

This	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
cycle	O
was	O
repeated	O
until	O
there	O
was	O
evidence	O
of	O
excessive	O
toxicity	B-Disease
or	O
disease	O
progression	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
23	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
alone	O
developed	O
VTE	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
9	O
of	O
47	O
patients	O
(	O
19	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
plus	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
developed	O
VTE	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
addition	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
to	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
significantly	O
increases	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
potential	O
complication	O
when	O
adding	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
to	O
chemotherapeutic	O
regimens	O
.	O

Ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
investigate	O
its	O
mechanism	O
,	O
and	O
compare	O
the	O
observed	O
main	O
characteristics	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
published	O
cases	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARIES	O
:	O
Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
prolonged	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
after	O
receiving	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
following	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
angioplasty	O
,	O
with	O
complete	O
remission	O
during	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
.	O

T	O
-	O
cell	O
stimulation	O
by	O
therapeutic	O
concentration	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
was	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
vitro	O
in	O
the	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
healthy	O
controls	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
of	O
the	O
antiplatelet	O
agent	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
;	O
several	O
cases	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
but	O
few	O
in	O
the	O
English	O
literature	O
.	O

Our	O
patients	O
developed	O
jaundice	B-Disease
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
and	O
showed	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
characteristics	O
of	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Hepatitis	B-Disease
may	O
develop	O
weeks	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
and	O
may	O
run	O
a	O
prolonged	O
course	O
,	O
but	O
complete	O
remission	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
all	O
reported	O
cases	O
.	O

An	O
objective	O
causality	O
assessment	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
adverse	O
drug	O
event	O
was	O
probably	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
this	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
are	O
unclear	O
.	O

Immune	O
mechanisms	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
drug	O
'	O
s	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
suggested	O
by	O
the	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
stimulation	O
study	O
reported	O
here	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
that	O
may	O
be	O
immune	O
mediated	O
.	O

Patients	O
receiving	O
the	O
drug	O
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
with	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
along	O
with	O
complete	O
blood	O
cell	O
counts	O
.	O

This	O
complication	O
will	O
be	O
observed	O
even	O
less	O
often	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
as	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
is	O
being	O
replaced	O
by	O
the	O
newer	O
antiplatelet	O
agent	O
clopidogrel	B-Chemical
.	O

Epithelial	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
subunit	O
mRNA	O
and	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
experimental	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
is	O
decreased	O
during	O
the	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
disease	O
.	O

The	O
molecular	O
mechanism	O
(	O
s	O
)	O
leading	O
to	O
salt	O
retention	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
completely	O
elucidated	O
.	O

The	O
rate	O
-	O
limiting	O
constituent	O
of	O
collecting	O
duct	O
sodium	B-Chemical
transport	O
is	O
the	O
epithelial	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
abundance	O
of	O
ENaC	O
subunit	O
mRNAs	O
and	O
proteins	O
in	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
time	O
courses	O
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
,	O
plasma	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
concentration	O
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
were	O
studied	O
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
either	O
PAN	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	O
relative	O
amounts	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
mRNAs	O
were	O
determined	O
in	O
kidneys	O
from	O
these	O
rats	O
by	O
real	O
-	O
time	O
quantitative	O
TaqMan	O
PCR	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
amounts	O
of	O
proteins	O
by	O
Western	O
blot	O
.	O

The	O
kinetics	O
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
and	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
were	O
comparable	O
with	O
those	O
reported	O
previously	O
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
occurred	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
after	O
PAN	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
and	O
betaENaC	O
mRNA	O
abundance	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
preceded	O
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
and	O
3	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
down	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
on	O
day	O
3	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
high	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
return	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
.	O

The	O
amounts	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
proteins	O
were	O
not	O
increased	O
during	O
PAN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
ENaC	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
,	O
especially	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
is	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
very	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
PAN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
,	O
but	O
appears	O
to	O
escape	O
from	O
the	O
regulation	O
by	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
after	O
day	O
3	O
.	O

Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
vinyl	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
(	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
)	O
inhibits	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Vinyl	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
(	O
GVG	B-Chemical
)	O
irreversibly	O
inhibits	O
GABA	B-Chemical
-	O
transaminase	O
.	O

This	O
non	O
-	O
receptor	O
mediated	O
inhibition	O
requires	O
de	O
novo	O
synthesis	O
for	O
restoration	O
of	O
functional	O
GABA	B-Chemical
catabolism	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	O
treating	O
substance	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
(	O
VFD	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	B-Chemical
on	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
NAcc	O
)	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
in	O
vivo	O
microdialysis	O
,	O
we	O
compared	O
acute	O
exposure	O
(	O
450	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
to	O
an	O
identical	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
exposure	O
(	O
150	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
1	O
-	O
or	O
3	O
-	O
day	O
washout	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
low	O
dose	O
of	O
150	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
)	O
using	O
a	O
similar	O
washout	O
period	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
GVG	B-Chemical
exposure	O
inhibited	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
for	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
which	O
exceeded	O
in	O
magnitude	O
and	O
duration	O
the	O
identical	O
acute	O
dose	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	B-Chemical
potentiates	O
and	O
extends	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
effectively	O
reducing	O
cumulative	O
exposures	O
and	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
VFDS	O
.	O

MR	O
imaging	O
with	O
quantitative	O
diffusion	O
mapping	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
.	O

Our	O
objective	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
brain	O
MR	O
imaging	O
findings	O
and	O
the	O
utility	O
of	O
diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
(	O
DW	O
)	O
imaging	O
in	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
neurologic	O
symptoms	O
during	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Brain	O
MR	O
studies	O
,	O
including	O
DW	O
imaging	O
,	O
were	O
prospectively	O
performed	O
in	O
14	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
receiving	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
who	O
developed	O
neurologic	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
each	O
patient	O
who	O
had	O
abnormalities	O
on	O
the	O
initial	O
MR	O
study	O
,	O
a	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
MR	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
1	O
month	O
later	O
.	O

Apparent	O
diffusion	O
coefficient	O
(	O
ADC	O
)	O
values	O
on	O
the	O
initial	O
MR	O
study	O
were	O
correlated	O
with	O
reversibility	O
of	O
the	O
lesions	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
14	O
patients	O
,	O
5	O
(	O
35	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
1	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
putaminal	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
8	O
(	O
57	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
normal	O
findings	O
on	O
initial	O
MR	O
images	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
5	O
patients	O
with	O
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
4	O
patients	O
(	O
80	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
higher	O
than	O
normal	O
ADC	O
values	O
on	O
initial	O
MR	O
images	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
showed	O
complete	O
resolution	O
on	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
images	O
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
1	O
patient	O
(	O
20	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
lower	O
than	O
normal	O
ADC	O
value	O
and	O
showed	O
incomplete	O
resolution	O
with	O
cortical	B-Disease
laminar	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

Diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
imaging	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
predicting	O
the	O
outcomes	O
of	O
the	O
lesions	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	O
in	O
humans	O
with	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
deficient	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
-	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
system	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
investigate	O
whether	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	O
contribute	O
to	O
this	O
deficiency	O
.	O

Eight	O
healthy	O
men	O
were	O
recruited	O
.	O

Hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
)	O
was	O
given	O
orally	O
every	O
6	O
hours	O
for	O
24	O
hours	O
after	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
fixed	O
-	O
salt	O
diet	O
(	O
150	O
mmol	O
/	O
d	O
)	O
.	O

Crossover	O
studies	O
were	O
performed	O
2	O
weeks	O
apart	O
.	O

Thirty	O
milliliters	O
of	O
blood	O
was	O
obtained	O
for	O
isolation	O
of	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
after	O
each	O
treatment	O
period	O
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	O
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
incubated	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
to	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
incorporating	O
100	O
nmol	O
/	O
L	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
5	O
minutes	O
at	O
37	O
degrees	O
C	O
.	O

Forearm	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	O
was	O
calculated	O
after	O
infusion	O
of	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
into	O
the	O
brachial	O
artery	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
100	O
nCi	O
/	O
min	O
for	O
80	O
minutes	O
.	O

Deep	O
forearm	O
venous	O
samples	O
were	O
collected	O
for	O
determination	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	O
.	O

Plasma	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
significantly	O
raised	O
during	O
the	O
active	O
phase	O
(	O
323	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
43	O
to	O
1082	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
245	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
elevated	O
by	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
7	O
mm	O
Hg	O
.	O

Neither	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	O
into	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
29	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
pmol	O
/	O
10	O
000	O
cells	O
per	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
l	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
concentration	O
of	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
nor	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	O
in	O
the	O
forearm	O
(	O
at	O
80	O
minutes	O
,	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
1	O
868	O
904	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
434	O
962	O
vs	O
2	O
013	O
910	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
770	O
619	O
disintegrations	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
;	O
ie	O
,	O
that	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	O
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
are	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
the	O
l	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	O
system	O
.	O

Amount	O
of	O
bleeding	B-Disease
and	O
hematoma	B-Disease
size	O
in	O
the	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
rat	O
model	O
.	O

The	O
aggravated	O
risk	O
on	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
ICH	B-Disease
)	O
with	O
drugs	O
used	O
for	O
stroke	B-Disease
patients	O
should	O
be	O
estimated	O
carefully	O
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
established	O
sensitive	O
quantification	O
methods	O
and	O
provided	O
a	O
rat	O
ICH	B-Disease
model	O
for	O
detection	O
of	O
ICH	B-Disease
deterioration	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	B-Disease
intrastriatally	O
induced	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
070	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
350	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
bleeding	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
using	O
a	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
and	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
morphologically	O
determined	O
hematoma	B-Disease
volume	O
.	O

The	O
blood	O
amounts	O
and	O
hematoma	B-Disease
volumes	O
were	O
significantly	O
correlated	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
was	O
adequate	O
to	O
detect	O
ICH	B-Disease
deterioration	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	B-Disease
induction	O
using	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
heparin	B-Chemical
enhanced	O
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
volume	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
over	O
that	O
seen	O
in	O
control	O
ICH	B-Disease
animals	O
and	O
the	O
bleeding	B-Disease
7	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
.	O

Data	O
suggest	O
that	O
this	O
sensitive	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
is	O
useful	O
for	O
ICH	B-Disease
detection	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
a	O
model	O
with	O
a	O
small	O
ICH	B-Disease
induced	O
with	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
collagenase	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
evaluation	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
may	O
affect	O
ICH	B-Disease
.	O

Estradiol	B-Chemical
reduces	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
hippocampal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Estrogens	O
protect	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
from	O
hippocampal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
SE	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
in	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
rats	O
subjected	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

Rats	O
received	O
subcutaneous	O
injections	O
of	O
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
rat	O
)	O
or	O
oil	O
once	O
daily	O
for	O
four	O
consecutive	O
days	O
.	O

SE	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
20	O
h	O
following	O
the	O
second	O
injection	O
and	O
terminated	O
3	O
h	O
later	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
of	O
silver	B-Chemical
-	O
stained	O
CA3	O
and	O
CA1	O
hippocampal	O
neurons	O
was	O
evaluated	O
2	O
days	O
after	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Estradiol	I-Chemical
did	O
not	O
alter	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
first	O
clonus	O
in	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
but	O
accelerated	O
it	O
in	O
males	O
.	O

17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Estradiol	I-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
argyrophilic	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
CA1	O
and	O
CA3	O
-	O
C	O
sectors	O
of	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
males	O
,	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
total	O
damage	O
score	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
on	O
seizure	B-Disease
threshold	O
and	O
damage	O
may	O
be	O
altered	O
by	O
sex	O
-	O
related	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
hormonal	O
environment	O
.	O

Pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
minoxidil	B-Chemical
.	O

Acromegaly	B-Disease
is	O
an	O
endocrine	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
chronic	O
excessive	O
growth	O
hormone	O
secretion	O
from	O
the	O
anterior	O
pituitary	O
gland	O
.	O

Significant	O
disfiguring	O
changes	O
occur	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
bone	O
,	O
cartilage	O
,	O
and	O
soft	O
tissue	O
hypertrophy	B-Disease
,	O
including	O
the	O
thickening	O
of	O
the	O
skin	O
,	O
coarsening	O
of	O
facial	O
features	O
,	O
and	O
cutis	B-Disease
verticis	I-Disease
gyrata	I-Disease
.	O

Pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
similar	O
acromegaloid	O
features	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
elevated	O
growth	O
hormone	O
or	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
levels	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
that	O
resulted	O
from	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
minoxidil	B-Chemical
at	O
an	O
unusually	O
high	O
dose	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
minoxidil	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Combined	O
androgen	O
blockade	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
without	O
bone	O
involvement	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
onset	O
and	O
extent	O
of	O
combined	O
androgen	O
blockade	O
(	O
CAB	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
without	O
bone	O
involvement	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
biopsy	O
-	O
proven	O
prostatic	B-Disease
adenocarcinoma	I-Disease
[	O
26	O
with	O
stage	O
C	O
(	O
T3N0M0	O
)	O
and	O
16	O
with	O
stage	O
D1	O
(	O
T3N1M0	O
)	O
]	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
received	O
CAB	O
[	O
leuprolide	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
LHRH	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
)	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
,	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
plus	O
250	O
mg	O
flutamide	B-Chemical
,	O
tid	O
,	O
per	O
Os	O
]	O
and	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
anemia	B-Disease
by	O
physical	O
examination	O
and	O
laboratory	O
tests	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
4	O
subsequent	O
intervals	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
)	O
.	O

Hb	O
,	O
PSA	O
and	O
Testosterone	B-Chemical
measurements	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
stage	O
D2	O
-	O
3	O
disease	O
,	O
abnormal	O
hemoglobin	O
level	O
or	O
renal	O
and	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
that	O
were	O
higher	O
than	O
the	O
upper	O
limits	O
were	O
excluded	O
from	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
six	O
months	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
mean	O
hemoglobin	O
(	O
Hb	O
)	O
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
declined	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
from	O
baseline	O
of	O
14	O
.	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
to	O
14	O
.	O
0	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
13	O
.	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
13	O
.	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
and	O
12	O
.	O
7	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
at	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Severe	O
and	O
clinically	O
evident	O
anemia	B-Disease
of	O
Hb	O
<	O
11	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
with	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
6	O
patients	O
(	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
normochromic	O
and	O
normocytic	O
.	O

At	O
six	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
anemia	B-Disease
had	O
a	O
Hb	O
mean	O
value	O
of	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
(	O
X	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
other	O
patients	O
had	O
mild	O
anemia	B-Disease
with	O
Hb	O
mean	O
value	O
of	O
13	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
(	O
X	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
severe	O
anemia	B-Disease
at	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
was	O
predictable	O
by	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
Hb	O
baseline	O
value	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
after	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
CAB	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
severe	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
T	O
baseline	O
values	O
(	O
T	O
<	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
versus	O
T	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
age	O
(	O
<	O
76	O
yrs	O
versus	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
76	O
yrs	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
clinical	O
stage	O
(	O
stage	O
C	O
versus	O
stage	O
D1	O
)	O
.	O

Severe	O
and	O
clinically	O
evident	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
easily	O
corrected	O
by	O
subcutaneous	O
injections	O
(	O
3	O
times	O
/	O
week	O
for	O
1	O
month	O
)	O
of	O
recombinant	O
erythropoietin	O
(	O
rHuEPO	O
-	O
beta	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
rHuEPO	O
-	O
beta	O
correctable	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
occurs	O
in	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
after	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
during	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
:	O
incidence	O
and	O
associated	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Incidence	O
and	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
delirium	B-Disease
during	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
require	O
further	O
clarification	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
used	O
computerized	O
pharmacy	O
records	O
to	O
identify	O
all	O
adult	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
inpatients	O
treated	O
with	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
(	O
1995	O
-	O
96	O
)	O
,	O
reviewed	O
their	O
medical	O
records	O
to	O
score	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
delirium	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
tested	O
associations	O
with	O
potential	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Subjects	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
139	O
)	O
were	O
72	O
women	O
and	O
67	O
men	O
,	O
aged	O
40	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
1	O
years	O
,	O
hospitalized	O
for	O
24	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
23	O
.	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
and	O
given	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
,	O
gradually	O
increased	O
to	O
an	O
average	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
282	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
203	O
mg	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
45	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
45	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
for	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
.	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	O
in	O
14	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
incidence	O
,	O
or	O
1	O
.	O
48	O
cases	O
/	O
person	O
-	O
years	O
of	O
exposure	O
)	O
;	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
cases	O
were	O
moderate	O
or	O
severe	O
.	O

Associated	O
factors	O
were	O
co	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
other	O
centrally	O
antimuscarinic	O
agents	O
,	O
poor	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
,	O
older	O
age	O
,	O
and	O
longer	O
hospitalization	O
(	O
by	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
days	O
,	O
increasing	O
cost	O
)	O
;	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
or	O
medical	O
co	O
-	O
morbidity	O
,	O
and	O
daily	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
which	O
fell	O
with	O
age	O
,	O
were	O
unrelated	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Delirium	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
inpatients	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
exposed	O
to	O
other	O
central	O
anticholinergics	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
was	O
inconsistently	O
recognized	O
clinically	O
in	O
milder	O
cases	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
length	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
stay	O
and	O
higher	O
costs	O
,	O
and	O
inferior	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
.	O

Neuroprotective	O
action	O
of	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
mGluR5	O
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
outflow	O
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
metabotropic	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
receptor	O
5	O
(	O
mGluR5	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
toxic	O
action	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
on	O
dopaminergic	O
neurones	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
five	O
times	O
,	O
reduced	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
metabolites	O
in	O
striatal	O
tissue	O
when	O
measured	O
72	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
injection	O
.	O

A	O
selective	O
antagonist	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
phenylethynyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
pyridine	I-Chemical
(	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
;	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
,	O
when	O
administered	O
five	O
times	O
immediately	O
before	O
each	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
injection	O
reversed	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
effects	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
injection	O
reduced	O
the	O
basal	O
extracellular	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
level	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
release	O
stimulated	O
either	O
by	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
intrastriatally	O
administered	O
veratridine	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
it	O
transiently	O
diminished	O
the	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
and	O
reduced	O
basal	O
body	O
temperature	O
.	O

MPEP	B-Chemical
administered	O
into	O
the	O
striatum	O
at	O
high	O
concentrations	O
(	O
500	O
microM	O
)	O
increased	O
extracellular	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
while	O
lower	O
concentrations	O
(	O
50	O
-	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
were	O
devoid	O
of	O
any	O
effect	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
by	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
may	O
protect	O
dopaminergic	O
neurones	O
against	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Neuroprotection	O
rendered	O
by	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
efflux	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
extrastriatal	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
.	O

Protective	O
efficacy	O
of	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
against	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
kindled	O
-	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
demonstrate	O
pharmacological	O
actions	O
that	O
have	O
relevance	O
for	O
a	O
host	O
of	O
neurological	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
psychiatric	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

They	O
offer	O
protection	O
against	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
models	O
and	O
seem	O
to	O
inhibit	O
certain	O
stages	O
of	O
drug	B-Disease
dependence	I-Disease
in	O
preclinical	O
assessments	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
two	O
endogenous	O
and	O
one	O
synthetic	O
neuroactive	O
steroid	B-Chemical
that	O
positively	O
modulate	O
the	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
)	O
receptor	O
against	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
engendered	O
by	O
repeated	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
seizure	B-Disease
kindling	O
)	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
(	O
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	B-Chemical
(	O
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
induced	O
by	O
daily	O
administration	O
of	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
for	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
these	O
positive	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
modulators	O
suppressed	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
only	O
allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
and	O
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
kindling	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
and	O
pregnanolone	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
,	O
also	O
reduced	O
cumulative	O
lethality	O
associated	O
with	O
kindling	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
some	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
attenuate	O
convulsant	O
and	O
sensitizing	O
properties	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
add	O
to	O
a	O
growing	O
literature	O
on	O
their	O
potential	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
modulation	O
of	O
effects	O
of	O
drugs	O
of	O
abuse	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
humoral	O
modulators	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
of	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
humoral	O
modulators	O
on	O
the	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
of	O
mice	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

The	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
HC1	O
produced	O
a	O
marked	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
was	O
potentiated	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
attenuated	O
by	O
physostigmine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
both	O
methscopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
do	O
not	O
penetrate	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Pretreatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyltyrosine	I-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
one	O
hour	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
hydroxylase	O
,	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
activity	O
-	O
increasing	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chlorophenylalamine	I-Chemical
(	O
3	O
X	O
320	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
24	O
hr	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
depletor	O
,	O
caused	O
no	O
significant	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
study	O
suggests	O
that	O
the	O
activity	O
-	O
increasing	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
are	O
mediated	O
by	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
from	O
adrenergic	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

And	O
the	O
results	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
morphine	B-Chemical
acts	O
by	O
retarding	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
at	O
some	O
central	O
cholinergic	O
synapses	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
also	O
suggested	O
from	O
collected	O
evidence	O
that	O
the	O
activity	O
-	O
increasing	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
are	O
mediated	O
by	O
mechanisms	O
different	O
from	O
those	O
which	O
mediate	O
the	O
activity	O
-	O
increasing	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
uninephrectomy	O
and	O
high	O
protein	O
feeding	O
on	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Rats	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
high	O
protein	O
(	O
HP	O
)	O
feeding	O
,	O
uninephrectomy	O
(	O
NX	O
)	O
or	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
these	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
induce	O
glomerular	O
hyperfiltration	O
and	O
further	O
progression	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Newborn	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
fed	O
a	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
diet	O
(	O
50	O
mmol	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
for	O
8	O
weeks	O
and	O
then	O
randomized	O
to	O
normal	O
diet	O
,	O
HP	O
diet	O
(	O
40	O
vs	O
.	O
19	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
NX	O
or	O
HP	O
+	O
NX	O
for	O
another	O
8	O
weeks	O
.	O

Corresponding	O
non	O
-	O
lithium	B-Chemical
pretreated	O
groups	O
were	O
generated	O
.	O

When	O
comparing	O
all	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treated	O
versus	O
non	O
-	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
groups	O
,	O
lithium	B-Chemical
caused	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
(	O
GFR	O
)	O
without	O
significant	O
changes	O
in	O
effective	O
renal	O
plasma	O
flow	O
(	O
as	O
determined	O
by	O
a	O
marker	O
secreted	O
into	O
the	O
proximal	O
tubules	O
)	O
or	O
lithium	B-Chemical
clearance	O
.	O

Consequently	O
,	O
lithium	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
caused	O
a	O
fall	O
in	O
filtration	O
fraction	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
fractional	O
Li	B-Chemical
excretion	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
also	O
caused	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
systolic	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
absence	O
of	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
.	O

HP	O
failed	O
to	O
accentuante	O
progression	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
in	O
fact	O
tended	O
to	O
increase	O
GFR	O
and	O
decrease	O
plasma	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
lithium	B-Chemical
pretreated	O
rats	O
.	O

NX	O
caused	O
an	O
additive	O
deterioration	O
in	O
GFR	O
which	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
was	O
ameliorated	O
by	O
HP	O
.	O

NX	O
+	O
HP	O
caused	O
a	O
further	O
rise	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
in	O
Li	B-Chemical
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
Li	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
even	O
when	O
the	O
GFR	O
is	O
only	O
modestly	O
reduced	O
,	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
arterial	O
systolic	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
model	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
the	O
decline	O
in	O
GFR	O
is	O
not	O
accompanied	O
by	O
a	O
corresponding	O
fall	O
in	O
effective	O
renal	O
plasma	O
flow	O
,	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
functional	O
expression	O
of	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
nonfiltrating	O
atubular	O
glomeruli	O
.	O

The	O
fractional	O
reabsorption	O
of	O
tubular	O
fluid	O
by	O
the	O
proximal	O
tubules	O
is	O
reduced	O
,	O
leaving	O
the	O
distal	O
delivery	O
unchanged	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Treatment	O
of	O
Crohn	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
with	O
fusidic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
:	O
an	O
antibiotic	O
with	O
immunosuppressive	O
properties	O
similar	O
to	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
.	O

Fusidic	O
acid	O
is	O
an	O
antibiotic	O
with	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
specific	O
immunosuppressive	O
effects	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
.	O

Because	O
of	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
new	O
treatments	O
for	O
Crohn	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
a	O
pilot	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
pharmacodynamics	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
fusidic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
chronic	O
active	O
,	O
therapy	O
-	O
resistant	O
patients	O
.	O

Eight	O
Crohn	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
were	O
included	O
.	O

Fusidic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
orally	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
500	O
mg	O
t	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
s	O
.	O
and	O
the	O
treatment	O
was	O
planned	O
to	O
last	O
8	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
disease	O
activity	O
was	O
primarily	O
measured	O
by	O
a	O
modified	O
individual	O
grading	O
score	O
.	O

Five	O
of	O
8	O
patients	O
(	O
63	O
%	O
)	O
improved	O
during	O
fusidic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
treatment	O
:	O
3	O
at	O
two	O
weeks	O
and	O
2	O
after	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
serious	O
clinical	O
side	O
effects	O
,	O
but	O
dose	O
reduction	O
was	O
required	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
because	O
of	O
nausea	B-Disease
.	O

Biochemically	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
alkaline	O
phosphatases	O
was	O
noted	O
in	O
5	O
of	O
8	O
cases	O
(	O
63	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
greatest	O
increases	O
were	O
seen	O
in	O
those	O
who	O
had	O
elevated	O
levels	O
prior	O
to	O
treatment	O
.	O

All	O
reversed	O
to	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
levels	O
after	O
cessation	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
pilot	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
fusidic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
of	O
benefit	O
in	O
selected	O
chronic	O
active	O
Crohn	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
conventional	O
treatment	O
is	O
ineffective	O
.	O

Because	O
there	O
seems	O
to	O
exist	O
a	O
scientific	O
rationale	O
for	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
fusidic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
at	O
the	O
cytokine	O
level	O
in	O
inflammatory	B-Disease
bowel	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
this	O
treatment	O
should	O
be	O
further	O
investigated	O
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
depressive	B-Disease
status	O
associated	O
with	O
topical	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
.	O

Depression	B-Disease
and	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
topical	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
.	O

We	O
performed	O
a	O
preliminary	O
study	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
determine	O
any	O
difference	O
between	O
a	O
non	O
selective	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
(	O
timolol	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
a	O
selective	O
beta	O
-	O
blocker	O
(	O
betaxolol	B-Chemical
)	O
regarding	O
CNS	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Eight	O
glaucomatous	B-Disease
patients	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
timolol	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
/	O
12h	O
,	O
suffering	O
from	O
depression	B-Disease
diagnosed	O
through	O
DMS	O
-	O
III	O
-	O
R	O
criteria	O
,	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
six	O
-	O
month	O
follow	O
up	O
,	O
depression	B-Disease
was	O
quantified	O
through	O
the	O
Beck	O
and	O
Zung	O
-	O
Conde	O
scales	O
every	O
two	O
months	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
double	O
blind	O
cross	O
-	O
over	O
study	O
with	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
the	O
patients	O
under	O
timolol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
presented	O
higher	O
depression	B-Disease
values	O
measured	O
through	O
the	O
Beck	O
and	O
the	O
Zung	O
-	O
Conde	O
scales	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
vs	O
control	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
betaxolol	B-Chemical
could	O
be	O
less	O
of	O
a	O
depression	B-Disease
-	O
inducer	O
than	O
timolol	B-Chemical
in	O
predisposed	O
patients	O
.	O

Protection	O
against	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
toward	O
striatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
neurons	O
in	O
rodents	O
by	O
LY274614	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
excitatory	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
.	O

LY274614	B-Chemical
,	O
3SR	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4aRS	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
6SR	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
8aRS	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
phosphonomethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
decahydr	I-Chemical
oisoquinoline	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
potent	O
antagonist	O
of	O
the	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
subtype	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
receptor	O
.	O

Here	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
antagonize	O
the	O
prolonged	O
depletion	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
by	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
in	O
iprindole	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
is	O
reported	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
18	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
dose	O
of	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
hemisulfate	O
,	O
given	O
to	O
rats	O
pretreated	O
with	O
iprindole	B-Chemical
,	O
resulted	O
in	O
persistent	O
depletion	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
1	O
week	O
later	O
.	O

This	O
prolonged	O
depletion	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
was	O
antagonized	O
by	O
dizocilpine	B-Chemical
(	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
competitive	O
antagonist	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
LY274614	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
competitive	O
antagonist	O
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
LY274614	B-Chemical
was	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
being	O
maximum	O
at	O
10	O
-	O
40	O
mgkg	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
dose	O
of	O
LY274614	B-Chemical
was	O
effective	O
in	O
antagonizing	O
the	O
depletion	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
when	O
given	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
8	O
hr	O
prior	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
when	O
given	O
24	O
hr	O
prior	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Depletion	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
was	O
also	O
antagonized	O
when	O
LY274614	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
;	O
LY274614	B-Chemical
protected	O
when	O
given	O
up	O
to	O
4	O
hr	O
after	O
but	O
not	O
when	O
given	O
8	O
or	O
24	O
hr	O
after	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
prolonged	O
depletion	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
given	O
multiple	O
injections	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
also	O
antagonized	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
and	O
completely	O
by	O
LY274614	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
data	O
strengthen	O
the	O
evidence	O
that	O
the	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
and	O
related	O
compounds	O
toward	O
nigrostriatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
neurons	O
involves	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
and	O
that	O
LY274614	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
in	O
vivo	O
effects	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Ketoconazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurologic	B-Disease
sequelae	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
77	O
-	O
y	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
developed	O
weakness	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
extremities	I-Disease
,	O
legs	B-Disease
paralysis	I-Disease
,	O
dysarthria	B-Disease
and	O
tremor	B-Disease
1	O
h	O
after	O
ingestion	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
his	O
life	O
.	O

All	O
complaints	O
faded	O
away	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
.	O

Few	O
days	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
used	O
another	O
200	O
mg	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
tablet	O
,	O
and	O
within	O
an	O
hour	O
experienced	O
a	O
similar	O
clinical	O
picture	O
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
again	O
spontaneously	O
within	O
hours	O
.	O

Laboratory	O
evaluations	O
,	O
including	O
head	O
CT	O
scan	O
,	O
were	O
normal	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
illustrates	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
close	O
vigilance	O
in	O
adverse	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
the	O
elderly	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
monkeys	O
may	O
depend	O
upon	O
rate	O
of	O
symptom	O
onset	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
duration	O
of	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
(	O
LIDs	B-Disease
)	O
present	O
a	O
major	O
problem	O
for	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
management	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
patients	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
the	O
interdependence	O
of	O
risk	O
factors	O
in	O
clinical	O
populations	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
difficult	O
to	O
independently	O
examine	O
factors	O
that	O
may	O
influence	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
LIDs	B-Disease
.	O

Using	O
macaque	O
monkeys	O
with	O
different	O
types	O
of	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
evaluated	O
the	O
degree	O
to	O
which	O
rate	O
of	O
symptom	O
progression	O
,	O
symptom	O
severity	O
,	O
and	O
response	O
to	O
and	O
duration	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
LIDs	B-Disease
.	O

Monkeys	O
with	O
acute	O
(	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
)	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
exposure	O
,	O
rapid	O
symptom	O
onset	O
and	O
short	O
symptom	O
duration	O
prior	O
to	O
initiation	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
developed	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
between	O
11	O
and	O
24	O
days	O
of	O
daily	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
monkeys	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
exposure	O
,	O
slow	O
symptom	O
progression	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
long	O
symptom	O
duration	O
prior	O
to	O
initiation	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
were	O
more	O
resistant	O
to	O
developing	O
LIDs	B-Disease
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
developed	O
no	O
sooner	O
than	O
146	O
days	O
of	O
chronic	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
administration	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
animals	O
were	O
similarly	O
symptomatic	O
at	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
had	O
similar	O
therapeutic	O
responses	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
distinct	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
propensity	O
to	O
develop	O
LIDs	B-Disease
in	O
monkeys	O
with	O
different	O
rates	O
of	O
symptom	O
progression	O
or	O
symptom	O
durations	O
prior	O
to	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
and	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
these	O
models	O
for	O
further	O
studying	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
LIDs	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
diet	O
promoting	O
sugar	B-Disease
dependency	I-Disease
causes	O
behavioral	B-Disease
cross	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
sensitization	I-Disease
to	O
a	O
low	O
dose	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Previous	O
research	O
in	O
this	O
laboratory	O
has	O
shown	O
that	O
a	O
diet	O
of	O
intermittent	O
excessive	O
sugar	O
consumption	O
produces	O
a	O
state	O
with	O
neurochemical	O
and	O
behavioral	O
similarities	O
to	O
drug	B-Disease
dependency	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
examined	O
whether	O
female	O
rats	O
on	O
various	O
regimens	O
of	O
sugar	O
access	O
would	O
show	O
behavioral	B-Disease
cross	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
sensitization	I-Disease
to	O
a	O
low	O
dose	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
a	O
30	O
-	O
min	O
baseline	O
measure	O
of	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
(	O
day	O
0	O
)	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
maintained	O
on	O
a	O
cyclic	O
diet	O
of	O
12	O
-	O
h	O
deprivation	O
followed	O
by	O
12	O
-	O
h	O
access	O
to	O
10	O
%	O
sucrose	B-Chemical
solution	O
and	O
chow	O
pellets	O
(	O
12	O
h	O
access	O
starting	O
4	O
h	O
after	O
onset	O
of	O
the	O
dark	O
period	O
)	O
for	O
21	O
days	O
.	O

Locomotor	O
activity	O
was	O
measured	O
again	O
for	O
30	O
min	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
days	O
1	O
and	O
21	O
of	O
sugar	O
access	O
.	O

Beginning	O
on	O
day	O
22	O
,	O
all	O
rats	O
were	O
maintained	O
on	O
ad	O
libitum	O
chow	O
.	O

Nine	O
days	O
later	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
was	O
measured	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
single	O
low	O
dose	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
animals	O
that	O
had	O
experienced	O
cyclic	O
sucrose	B-Chemical
and	O
chow	O
were	O
hyperactive	B-Disease
in	O
response	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
four	O
control	O
groups	O
(	O
ad	O
libitum	O
10	O
%	O
sucrose	B-Chemical
and	O
chow	O
followed	O
by	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
injection	O
,	O
cyclic	O
chow	O
followed	O
by	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
injection	O
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
chow	O
with	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
cyclic	O
10	O
%	O
sucrose	B-Chemical
and	O
chow	O
with	O
a	O
saline	O
injection	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
a	O
diet	O
comprised	O
of	O
alternating	O
deprivation	O
and	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
sugar	O
solution	O
and	O
chow	O
produces	O
bingeing	O
on	O
sugar	O
that	O
leads	O
to	O
a	O
long	O
lasting	O
state	O
of	O
increased	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
,	O
possibly	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
lasting	O
alteration	O
in	O
the	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
system	O
.	O

Reversible	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
and	O
clinical	O
congestive	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
2	O
months	O
of	O
therapy	O
with	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
(	O
AmB	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
disseminated	O
coccidioidomycosis	B-Disease
.	O

His	O
echocardiographic	O
abnormalities	O
and	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
resolved	O
after	O
posaconazole	B-Chemical
was	O
substituted	O
for	O
AmB	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
recognize	O
the	O
rare	O
and	O
potentially	O
reversible	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
AmB	B-Chemical
.	O

NO	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
:	O
strong	O
increase	O
in	O
plasma	O
calcitonin	B-Chemical
gene	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
related	I-Chemical
peptide	I-Chemical
(	O
CGRP	B-Chemical
)	O
concentration	O
and	O
negative	O
correlation	O
with	O
platelet	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
release	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
calcitonin	B-Chemical
gene	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
related	I-Chemical
peptide	I-Chemical
(	O
CGRP	B-Chemical
)	O
concentration	O
and	O
platelet	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytriptamine	I-Chemical
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
)	O
content	O
during	O
the	O
immediate	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
delayed	O
genuine	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
provoked	O
by	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
.	O

Fifteen	O
female	O
migraineurs	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
without	I-Disease
aura	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
and	O
eight	O
controls	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Sublingual	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
.	O

Blood	O
was	O
collected	O
from	O
the	O
antecubital	O
vein	O
four	O
times	O
:	O
60	O
min	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
application	O
,	O
and	O
60	O
and	O
120	O
min	O
after	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
the	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
(	O
mean	O
344	O
and	O
404	O
min	O
;	O
12	O
subjects	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
those	O
subjects	O
who	O
had	O
no	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
(	O
11	O
subjects	O
)	O
a	O
similar	O
time	O
schedule	O
was	O
used	O
.	O

Plasma	O
CGRP	B-Chemical
concentration	O
increased	O
significantly	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
during	O
the	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
and	O
returned	O
to	O
baseline	O
after	O
the	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
migraine	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
both	O
change	O
and	O
peak	O
,	O
showed	O
significant	O
positive	O
correlations	O
with	O
migraine	B-Disease
headache	B-Disease
intensity	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
plasma	O
CGRP	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
failed	O
to	O
change	O
during	O
immediate	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
in	O
the	O
subjects	O
with	O
no	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
.	O

Basal	O
CGRP	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
and	O
platelet	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
content	O
tended	O
to	O
be	O
lower	O
in	O
subjects	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
.	O

Platelet	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
content	O
decreased	O
significantly	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
after	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
in	O
subjects	O
with	O
no	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
but	O
no	O
consistent	O
change	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
plasma	O
CGRP	B-Chemical
concentration	O
correlates	O
with	O
the	O
timing	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
a	O
migraine	B-Disease
headache	B-Disease
suggests	O
a	O
direct	O
relationship	O
between	O
CGRP	B-Chemical
and	O
migraine	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
release	O
from	O
platelets	O
does	O
not	O
provoke	O
migraine	B-Disease
,	O
it	O
may	O
even	O
counteract	O
the	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
concomitant	O
CGRP	B-Chemical
release	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

Hyperbaric	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
control	O
of	O
intractable	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
intractable	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
.	O

Conservative	O
treatment	O
,	O
including	O
bladder	O
irrigation	O
with	O
physiological	O
saline	O
and	O
instillation	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
F2	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
,	O
failed	O
to	O
totally	O
control	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
then	O
used	O
hyperbaric	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
at	O
an	O
absolute	O
pressure	O
of	O
2	O
atm	O
,	O
5	O
days	O
a	O
week	O
for	O
8	O
consecutive	O
weeks	O
.	O

The	O
bleeding	B-Disease
ceased	O
completely	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
treatment	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
remained	O
free	O
of	O
hematuria	B-Disease
thereafter	O
.	O

No	O
side	O
effect	O
was	O
noted	O
during	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

In	O
future	O
,	O
this	O
form	O
of	O
therapy	O
can	O
offer	O
a	O
safe	O
alternative	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
psychosis	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
treatment	O
with	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
nonepileptic	O
patient	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
psychosis	B-Disease
related	O
to	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
treatment	O
is	O
usually	O
attributed	O
to	O
the	O
interaction	O
between	O
the	O
epileptic	B-Disease
brain	O
substratum	O
and	O
the	O
antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
nonepileptic	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
psychosis	B-Disease
following	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
trigeminal	B-Disease
neuralgia	I-Disease
is	O
described	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
suggests	O
that	O
the	O
psychotic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
that	O
occur	O
following	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
some	O
epileptic	B-Disease
patients	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
direct	O
result	O
of	O
medication	O
,	O
unrelated	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Risks	O
of	O
the	O
consumption	O
of	O
beverages	O
containing	O
quinine	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
Food	O
and	O
Drug	O
Administration	O
banned	O
its	O
use	O
for	O
nocturnal	B-Disease
leg	I-Disease
cramps	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
lack	O
of	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
,	O
quinine	B-Chemical
is	O
widely	O
available	O
in	O
beverages	O
including	O
tonic	O
water	O
and	O
bitter	O
lemon	O
.	O

Numerous	O
anecdotal	O
reports	O
suggest	O
that	O
products	O
containing	O
quinine	B-Chemical
may	O
produce	O
neurological	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
confusion	B-Disease
,	O
altered	O
mental	O
status	O
,	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
coma	B-Disease
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
older	O
women	O
.	O

Psychologists	O
need	O
to	O
inquire	O
about	O
consumption	O
of	O
quinine	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
beverages	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
an	O
evaluation	O
process	O
.	O

Transient	O
platypnea	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
orthodeoxia	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
propafenone	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
young	O
woman	O
with	O
Ebstein	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
anomaly	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
report	O
we	O
describe	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
37	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
white	O
woman	O
with	O
Ebstein	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
anomaly	I-Disease
,	O
who	O
developed	O
a	O
rare	O
syndrome	O
called	O
platypnea	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
orthodeoxia	I-Disease
,	O
characterized	O
by	O
massive	O
right	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
left	O
interatrial	O
shunting	O
with	O
transient	O
profound	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
and	O
cyanosis	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
shunt	O
of	O
blood	O
via	O
a	O
patent	B-Disease
foramen	I-Disease
ovale	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
normal	O
pulmonary	O
artery	O
pressure	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
probably	O
precipitated	O
by	O
a	O
propafenone	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
drug	O
caused	O
biventricular	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
negative	O
inotropic	O
effect	O
,	O
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
peripheral	O
vasodilatory	O
effect	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
gave	O
rise	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
atrial	O
pressure	O
and	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
left	O
one	O
with	O
a	O
consequent	O
stretching	O
of	O
the	O
foramen	O
ovale	O
and	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
massive	O
right	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
left	O
shunting	O
.	O

In	O
our	O
case	O
this	O
interatrial	O
shunt	O
was	O
very	O
accurately	O
detected	O
at	O
bubble	O
contrast	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Noxious	O
chemical	O
stimulation	O
of	O
rat	O
facial	O
mucosa	O
increases	O
intracranial	O
blood	O
flow	O
through	O
a	O
trigemino	O
-	O
parasympathetic	O
reflex	O
-	O
-	O
an	O
experimental	O
model	O
for	O
vascular	B-Disease
dysfunctions	I-Disease
in	O
cluster	B-Disease
headache	I-Disease
.	O

Cluster	B-Disease
headache	I-Disease
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
typical	O
autonomic	O
dysfunctions	O
including	O
facial	O
and	O
intracranial	B-Disease
vascular	I-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
.	O

Both	O
the	O
trigeminal	O
and	O
the	O
cranial	O
parasympathetic	O
systems	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
mediating	O
these	O
dysfunctions	O
.	O

An	O
experimental	O
model	O
was	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
to	O
measure	O
changes	O
in	O
lacrimation	O
and	O
intracranial	O
blood	O
flow	O
following	O
noxious	O
chemical	O
stimulation	O
of	O
facial	O
mucosa	O
.	O

Blood	O
flow	O
was	O
monitored	O
in	O
arteries	O
of	O
the	O
exposed	O
cranial	O
dura	O
mater	O
and	O
the	O
parietal	O
cortex	O
using	O
laser	O
Doppler	O
flowmetry	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
-	O
1	O
mm	O
)	O
applied	O
to	O
oral	O
or	O
nasal	O
mucosa	O
induced	O
increases	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
dural	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
cortical	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
flow	I-Disease
and	O
provoked	O
lacrimation	O
.	O

These	O
responses	O
were	O
blocked	O
by	O
systemic	O
pre	O
-	O
administration	O
of	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
evoked	O
increases	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
dural	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
flow	I-Disease
were	O
also	O
abolished	O
by	O
topical	O
pre	O
-	O
administration	O
of	O
atropine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mm	O
)	O
and	O
[	O
Lys1	O
,	O
Pro2	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
Arg3	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
Tyr6	O
]	O
-	O
VIP	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mm	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
vasoactive	O
intestinal	O
polypeptide	O
(	O
VIP	O
)	O
antagonist	O
,	O
onto	O
the	O
exposed	O
dura	O
mater	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
noxious	O
stimulation	O
of	O
facial	O
mucosa	O
increases	O
intracranial	O
blood	O
flow	O
and	O
lacrimation	O
via	O
a	O
trigemino	O
-	O
parasympathetic	O
reflex	O
.	O

The	O
blood	O
flow	O
responses	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
mediated	O
by	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
and	O
VIP	O
within	O
the	O
meninges	O
.	O

Similar	O
mechanisms	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
cluster	B-Disease
headache	I-Disease
.	O

Organophosphate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
prevention	O
of	O
neuropathological	B-Disease
damages	I-Disease
.	O

Such	O
organophosphorus	B-Chemical
(	O
OP	B-Chemical
)	O
compounds	O
as	O
diisopropylfluorophosphate	B-Chemical
(	O
DFP	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
sarin	B-Chemical
and	O
soman	B-Chemical
are	O
potent	O
inhibitors	O
of	O
acetylcholinesterases	O
(	O
AChEs	O
)	O
and	O
butyrylcholinesterases	O
(	O
BChEs	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
acute	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
OPs	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
their	O
irreversible	O
binding	O
with	O
AChEs	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
CNS	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
elevates	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
ACh	B-Chemical
)	O
levels	O
.	O

The	O
protective	O
action	O
of	O
subcutaneously	O
(	O
SC	O
)	O
administered	O
antidotes	O
or	O
their	O
combinations	O
in	O
DFP	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
)	O
intoxication	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
9	O
-	O
10	O
-	O
weeks	O
-	O
old	O
Han	O
-	O
Wistar	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
rats	O
received	O
AChE	O
reactivator	O
pralidoxime	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
(	O
2PAM	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
30	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
)	O
,	O
anticonvulsant	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
)	O
,	O
A	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
-	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
agonist	O
N	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
cyclopentyl	I-Chemical
adenosine	I-Chemical
(	O
CPA	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
)	O
,	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
-	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
dizocilpine	B-Chemical
maleate	I-Chemical
(	O
+	O
-	O
MK801	O
hydrogen	O
maleate	O
)	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
)	O
or	O
their	O
combinations	O
with	O
cholinolytic	O
drug	O
atropine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
(	O
50	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
)	O
immediately	O
or	O
30	O
min	O
after	O
the	O
single	O
SC	O
injection	O
of	O
DFP	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
control	O
rats	O
received	O
atropine	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
,	O
but	O
also	O
saline	O
and	O
olive	O
oil	O
instead	O
of	O
other	O
antidotes	O
and	O
DFP	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

All	O
rats	O
were	O
terminated	O
either	O
24	O
h	O
or	O
3	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
DFP	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

The	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
DFP	B-Chemical
-	O
atropine	B-Chemical
showed	O
severe	O
typical	O
OP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
signs	O
.	O

When	O
CPA	B-Chemical
,	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
or	O
2PAM	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
immediately	O
after	O
DFP	B-Chemical
-	O
atropine	B-Chemical
,	O
these	O
treatments	O
prevented	O
,	O
delayed	O
or	O
shortened	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
serious	O
signs	O
of	O
poisoning	B-Disease
.	O

Atropine	B-Chemical
-	O
MK801	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
offer	O
any	O
additional	O
protection	O
against	O
DFP	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
CPA	B-Chemical
,	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
2PAM	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
atropine	B-Chemical
prevented	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
serious	O
signs	O
of	O
poisoning	B-Disease
and	O
thus	O
reduced	O
the	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
DFP	B-Chemical
in	O
rat	O
.	O

A	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
behavioral	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
unmasked	O
by	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
3	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
had	O
behavioral	B-Disease
deterioration	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
hyperkinesis	B-Disease
,	O
irritability	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
sleeping	B-Disease
difficulties	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
administration	O
of	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
pharmacologic	O
doses	O
of	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
led	O
to	O
a	O
disappearance	O
of	O
symptoms	O
.	O

After	O
discontinuing	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
a	O
similar	O
pattern	O
of	O
behavior	O
was	O
noted	O
that	O
was	O
controlled	O
by	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
placebo	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
,	O
but	O
niacinamide	B-Chemical
was	O
as	O
effective	O
as	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
.	O

Periodic	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
return	O
of	O
the	O
hyperkinesis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
level	O
of	O
pyridoxal	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
blood	O
was	O
normal	O
during	O
the	O
periods	O
of	O
relapse	O
.	O

Metabolic	O
studies	O
suggested	O
a	O
block	O
in	O
the	O
kynurenine	B-Chemical
pathway	O
of	O
tryptophan	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
has	O
been	O
followed	O
for	O
six	O
years	O
and	O
has	O
required	O
pharmacologic	O
doses	O
of	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
to	O
control	O
her	O
behavior	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
excitation	O
in	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
of	O
a	O
murine	O
model	O
of	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

Similar	O
to	O
rats	O
,	O
systemic	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
injection	O
causes	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
SE	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
the	O
eventual	O
development	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
mossy	O
fiber	O
sprouting	O
in	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
and	O
CD1	O
mice	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
physiological	O
correlates	O
of	O
these	O
events	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
identified	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Population	O
responses	O
in	O
granule	O
cells	O
of	O
the	O
dentate	O
gyrus	O
were	O
examined	O
in	O
transverse	O
slices	O
of	O
the	O
ventral	O
hippocampus	O
from	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
and	O
untreated	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
Mg	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
free	O
bathing	O
medium	O
containing	O
bicuculline	B-Chemical
,	O
conditions	O
designed	O
to	O
increase	O
excitability	O
in	O
the	O
slices	O
,	O
electrical	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
hilus	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
single	O
population	O
spike	O
in	O
granule	O
cells	O
from	O
control	O
mice	O
and	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
mice	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
experience	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
SE	B-Disease
survivors	O
,	O
similar	O
stimulation	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
population	O
spike	O
followed	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
variable	O
latency	O
,	O
by	O
negative	O
DC	O
shifts	O
and	O
repetitive	O
afterdischarges	O
of	O
3	O
-	O
60	O
s	O
duration	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
blocked	O
by	O
ionotropic	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonists	O
.	O

Focal	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
photostimulation	O
of	O
the	O
granule	O
cell	O
layer	O
at	O
sites	O
distant	O
from	O
the	O
recording	O
pipette	O
resulted	O
in	O
population	O
responses	O
of	O
1	O
-	O
30	O
s	O
duration	O
in	O
slices	O
from	O
SE	B-Disease
survivors	O
but	O
not	O
other	O
groups	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
support	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
SE	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
mossy	O
fiber	O
sprouting	O
and	O
synaptic	O
reorganization	O
are	O
relevant	O
characteristics	O
of	O
seizure	B-Disease
development	O
in	O
these	O
murine	O
strains	O
,	O
resembling	O
rat	O
models	O
of	O
human	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

Urinary	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
in	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
:	O
risks	O
and	O
relation	O
to	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
and	O
characterise	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
its	O
relation	O
to	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
the	O
population	O
based	O
,	O
nationwide	O
Swedish	O
Inpatient	O
Register	O
a	O
cohort	O
of	O
1065	O
patients	O
with	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
,	O
1969	O
-	O
95	O
,	O
was	O
identified	O
.	O

Through	O
linkage	O
with	O
the	O
Swedish	O
Cancer	B-Disease
Register	O
,	O
all	O
subjects	O
in	O
this	O
cohort	O
diagnosed	O
with	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
were	O
identified	O
.	O

Nested	O
within	O
the	O
cohort	O
,	O
a	O
matched	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
and	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
using	O
odds	O
ratios	O
(	O
ORs	O
)	O
as	O
relative	O
risk	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
cohort	O
the	O
cumulative	O
risk	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
after	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
relative	O
prevalence	O
of	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
,	O
were	O
also	O
estimated	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
median	O
cumulative	O
doses	O
of	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
among	O
cases	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
11	O
)	O
and	O
controls	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
25	O
)	O
were	O
113	O
g	O
and	O
25	O
g	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
doubled	O
for	O
every	O
10	O
g	O
increment	O
in	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
OR	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
to	O
4	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
.	O

Treatment	O
duration	O
longer	O
than	O
1	O
year	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
eightfold	O
increased	O
risk	O
(	O
OR	O
=	O
7	O
.	O
7	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
to	O
69	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
absolute	O
risk	O
for	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
cohort	O
reached	O
10	O
%	O
16	O
years	O
after	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
was	O
(	O
non	O
-	O
significantly	O
)	O
twice	O
as	O
common	O
as	O
expected	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
indicate	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
relationship	O
between	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
bladder	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
high	O
cumulative	O
risks	O
in	O
the	O
entire	O
cohort	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
risk	O
factors	O
operating	O
even	O
before	O
Wegener	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
granulomatosis	I-Disease
.	O

Differential	O
modulation	O
by	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
of	O
alpha2	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
and	O
I1	O
-	O
imidazoline	B-Chemical
receptor	O
-	O
mediated	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
female	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
recently	O
shown	O
that	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
negatively	O
modulates	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
(	O
mixed	O
alpha2	O
-	O
/	O
I1	O
-	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
)	O
in	O
female	O
rats	O
and	O
implicates	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
autonomic	O
control	O
in	O
this	O
interaction	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
investigated	O
whether	O
this	O
effect	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
involves	O
interaction	O
with	O
alpha2	O
-	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
I1	O
-	O
receptors	O
.	O

Changes	O
evoked	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
intraperitoneal	O
injection	O
of	O
rilmenidine	B-Chemical
(	O
600	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
selective	O
I1	O
-	O
and	O
alpha2	O
-	O
receptor	O
agonists	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
hemodynamic	O
variability	O
,	O
and	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
were	O
assessed	O
in	O
radiotelemetered	O
sham	O
-	O
operated	O
and	O
ovariectomized	O
(	O
Ovx	O
)	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
female	O
rats	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
12	O
-	O
wk	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
replacement	O
.	O

Three	O
time	O
domain	O
indexes	O
of	O
hemodynamic	O
variability	O
were	O
employed	O
:	O
the	O
standard	O
deviation	O
of	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
as	O
a	O
measure	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
variability	O
and	O
the	O
standard	O
deviation	O
of	O
beat	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
beat	O
intervals	O
(	O
SDRR	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
root	O
mean	O
square	O
of	O
successive	O
differences	O
in	O
R	O
-	O
wave	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
R	O
-	O
wave	O
intervals	O
as	O
measures	O
of	O
heart	O
rate	O
variability	O
.	O

In	O
sham	O
-	O
operated	O
rats	O
,	O
rilmenidine	B-Chemical
or	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
elicited	O
similar	O
hypotension	B-Disease
that	O
lasted	O
at	O
least	O
5	O
h	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
reductions	O
in	O
standard	O
deviation	O
of	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
.	O

SDRR	O
was	O
reduced	O
only	O
by	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
.	O

Ovx	O
significantly	O
enhanced	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	O
to	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
,	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
rilmenidine	B-Chemical
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
enhanced	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
Ovx	O
rats	O
was	O
paralleled	O
with	O
further	O
reduction	O
in	O
SDRR	O
and	O
a	B-Disease
reduced	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
.	O

Estrogen	O
replacement	O
(	O
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
subcutaneous	O
pellet	O
,	O
14	O
.	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
12	O
wk	O
)	O
of	O
Ovx	O
rats	O
restored	O
the	O
hemodynamic	O
and	O
locomotor	O
effects	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
to	O
sham	O
-	O
operated	O
levels	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
downregulates	O
alpha2	O
-	O
but	O
not	O
I1	O
-	O
receptor	O
-	O
mediated	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
highlight	O
a	O
role	O
for	O
the	O
cardiac	O
autonomic	O
control	O
in	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
-	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
interaction	O
.	O

Severe	O
reversible	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
diastolic	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
accidental	O
iatrogenic	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

Catecholamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
chronic	O
excess	O
of	O
endogenous	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
recognized	O
for	O
decades	O
as	O
a	O
clinical	O
phenomenon	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
reports	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
acute	O
iatrogenic	O
overdose	B-Disease
are	O
rare	O
.	O

A	O
35	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
whose	O
cervix	O
uteri	O
was	O
inadvertently	O
injected	O
with	O
8	O
mg	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
developed	O
myocardial	B-Disease
stunning	I-Disease
that	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
severe	O
hemodynamic	O
compromise	O
,	O
profound	O
,	O
albeit	O
transient	O
,	O
left	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
diastolic	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
only	O
modestly	O
elevated	O
biochemical	O
markers	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

Our	O
case	O
illustrates	O
the	O
serious	O
consequences	O
of	O
medical	O
errors	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
avoided	O
through	O
improved	O
medication	O
labeling	O
and	O
staff	O
supervision	O
.	O

Cardioprotective	O
effect	O
of	O
tincture	B-Chemical
of	I-Chemical
Crataegus	I-Chemical
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Tincture	B-Chemical
of	I-Chemical
Crataegus	I-Chemical
(	O
TCR	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
alcoholic	B-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
of	I-Chemical
the	I-Chemical
berries	I-Chemical
of	I-Chemical
hawthorn	I-Chemical
(	O
Crataegus	B-Chemical
oxycantha	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
herbal	O
and	O
homeopathic	O
medicine	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
done	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
TCR	B-Chemical
on	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Pretreatment	O
of	O
TCR	B-Chemical
,	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mL	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
bodyweight	O
per	O
day	O
,	O
orally	O
for	O
30	O
days	O
,	O
prevented	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
and	O
activity	O
of	O
marker	O
enzymes	O
observed	O
in	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rats	O
(	O
85	O
mg	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
for	O
2	O
days	O
at	O
an	O
interval	O
of	O
24	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

TCR	B-Chemical
prevented	O
the	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
decrease	O
in	O
antioxidant	O
enzymes	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
and	O
increased	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
ADP	B-Chemical
-	O
stimulated	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
uptake	O
and	O
respiratory	O
coupling	O
ratio	O
.	O

TCR	B-Chemical
protected	O
against	O
pathological	O
changes	O
induced	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
in	O
rat	O
heart	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
TCR	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
preventing	O
the	O
damage	O
induced	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
in	O
rat	O
heart	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
tinnitus	B-Disease
by	O
intratympanic	O
instillation	O
of	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
)	O
2	O
per	O
cent	O
through	O
ventilation	O
tubes	O
.	O

Idiopathic	B-Disease
subjective	I-Disease
tinnitus	I-Disease
(	O
IST	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
obscure	O
otological	O
pathologies	O
.	O

This	O
paper	O
presents	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
treating	O
IST	B-Disease
by	O
intratympanic	O
instillation	O
of	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
)	O
2	O
per	O
cent	O
through	O
a	O
grommet	O
,	O
for	O
five	O
weekly	O
courses	O
.	O

Fifty	O
-	O
two	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
intractable	O
tinnitus	B-Disease
entered	O
this	O
therapeutic	O
trial	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
nine	O
finished	O
all	O
five	O
courses	O
.	O

In	O
one	O
patient	O
,	O
the	O
tinnitus	B-Disease
was	O
almost	O
completely	O
abolished	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
nine	O
patients	O
the	O
decompensated	O
tinnitus	B-Disease
changed	O
to	O
a	O
compensated	O
one	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
this	O
mode	O
of	O
treatment	O
for	O
patients	O
that	O
were	O
previously	O
treated	O
by	O
drugs	O
,	O
acupuncture	O
and	O
biofeedback	O
,	O
with	O
disappointing	O
results	O
.	O

Patients	O
should	O
be	O
warned	O
about	O
the	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
vertigo	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
subsides	O
gradually	O
with	O
every	O
new	O
instillation	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
tinnitus	B-Disease
may	O
not	O
disappear	O
but	O
will	O
be	O
alleviated	O
,	O
enabling	O
them	O
to	O
cope	O
more	O
easily	O
with	O
the	O
disease	O
and	O
lead	O
a	O
more	O
normal	O
life	O
.	O

The	O
alpha3	O
and	O
beta4	O
nicotinic	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
subunits	O
are	O
necessary	O
for	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
hypolocomotion	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Binding	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
to	O
nicotinic	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
(	O
nAChRs	O
)	O
elicits	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
behaviors	O
that	O
go	O
from	O
altered	O
exploration	O
,	O
sedation	O
,	O
and	O
tremors	B-Disease
,	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
death	B-Disease
.	O

nAChRs	O
are	O
pentameric	O
ion	O
channels	O
usually	O
composed	O
of	O
alpha	O
and	O
beta	O
subunits	O
.	O

A	O
gene	O
cluster	O
comprises	O
the	O
alpha3	O
,	O
alpha5	O
and	O
beta4	O
subunits	O
,	O
which	O
coassemble	O
to	O
form	O
functional	O
receptors	O
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
beta4	O
subunits	O
in	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
hypolocomotion	B-Disease
in	O
beta4	O
homozygous	O
null	O
(	O
beta4	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
and	O
alpha3	O
heterozygous	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
.	O

beta4	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
were	O
less	O
sensitive	O
to	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
both	O
at	O
low	O
doses	O
,	O
measured	O
as	O
decreased	O
exploration	O
in	O
an	O
open	O
field	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
high	O
doses	O
,	O
measured	O
as	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Using	O
in	O
situ	O
hybridization	O
probes	O
for	O
the	O
alpha3	O
and	O
alpha5	O
subunits	O
,	O
we	O
showed	O
that	O
alpha5	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
are	O
unchanged	O
,	O
whereas	O
alpha3	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
are	O
selectively	O
decreased	O
in	O
the	O
mitral	O
cell	O
layer	O
of	O
the	O
olfactory	O
bulb	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
inferior	O
and	O
the	O
superior	O
colliculus	O
of	O
beta4	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
brains	O
.	O

alpha3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
were	O
partially	O
resistant	O
to	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
when	O
compared	O
to	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
littermates	O
.	O

mRNA	O
levels	O
for	O
the	O
alpha5	O
and	O
the	O
beta4	O
subunits	O
were	O
unchanged	O
in	O
alpha3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
brains	O
.	O

Together	O
,	O
these	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
beta4	O
and	O
the	O
alpha3	O
subunits	O
are	O
mediators	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
hypolocomotion	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
on	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
influence	O
of	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
on	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
was	O
studied	O
in	O
cats	O
.	O

The	O
convulsive	B-Disease
threshold	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
was	O
41	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O

l	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
with	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
6	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O
min	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
)	O
,	O
increasing	O
significantly	O
to	O
66	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
.	O

l	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
when	O
the	O
end	O
-	O
tidal	O
concentration	O
of	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
was	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
threshold	O
(	O
61	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
7	O
mg	O
.	O
l	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
)	O
during	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
significant	O
from	O
that	O
during	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
celling	O
effect	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
convulsive	B-Disease
threshold	O
between	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
and	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
rise	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
became	O
less	O
marked	O
when	O
higher	O
concentrations	O
of	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
or	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
were	O
administered	O
and	O
the	O
blood	O
pressure	O
at	O
convulsions	B-Disease
decreased	O
significantly	O
in	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
in	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
enflurane	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
measured	O
when	O
the	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
became	O
70	O
mmHg	O
.	O

Apamin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
blocker	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
potassium	B-Chemical
channels	O
,	O
was	O
administered	O
intracerebroventricularly	O
in	O
rats	O
anesthetized	O
with	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
the	O
anticonvulsive	O
effects	O
.	O

Apamin	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
ng	O
)	O
had	O
a	O
tendency	O
to	O
decrease	O
the	O
convulsive	B-Disease
threshold	O
(	O
21	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
to	O
19	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O
l	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
)	O
but	O
this	O
was	O
not	O
statistically	O
significant	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
reduces	O
the	O
convulsive	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
but	O
carries	O
some	O
risk	O
due	O
to	O
circulatory	O
depression	B-Disease
.	O

Cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
observed	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	O
for	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
alkylating	O
agent	O
given	O
frequently	O
as	O
a	O
component	O
of	O
many	O
conditioning	O
regimens	O
.	O

In	O
high	O
doses	O
,	O
its	O
nonhematological	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicity	B-Disease
is	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

STUDY	O
DESIGN	O
:	O
We	O
combined	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
melphalan	B-Chemical
and	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
,	O
thiotepa	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
triple	O
sequential	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
regimen	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

Analysis	O
was	O
performed	O
on	O
61	O
women	O
with	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
responsive	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
receiving	O
96	O
-	O
h	O
infusional	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
as	O
part	O
of	O
a	O
triple	O
sequential	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
regimen	O
to	O
assess	O
association	O
between	O
presence	O
of	O
peritransplant	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CHF	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
the	O
following	O
pretreatment	O
characteristics	O
:	O
presence	O
of	O
electrocardiogram	O
(	O
EKG	O
)	O
abnormalities	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
prior	O
cardiac	O
history	O
,	O
smoking	O
,	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
,	O
prior	O
use	O
of	O
anthracyclines	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
left	O
-	O
sided	O
chest	O
irradiation	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Six	O
of	O
61	O
women	O
(	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
clinically	O
reversible	O
grade	O
3	O
CHF	B-Disease
following	O
infusional	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
with	O
a	O
median	O
percent	O
decline	O
in	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
of	O
31	O
%	O
.	O

Incidence	O
of	O
transient	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
(	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
is	O
comparable	O
to	O
previous	O
recorded	O
literature	O
.	O

Older	O
age	O
was	O
significantly	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
CHF	B-Disease
development	O
;	O
with	O
median	O
ages	O
for	O
the	O
entire	O
group	O
and	O
for	O
patients	O
developing	O
CHF	B-Disease
of	O
45	O
and	O
59	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

No	O
association	O
was	O
found	O
with	O
other	O
pretreatment	O
characteristics	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
As	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
these	O
findings	O
,	O
oncologists	O
should	O
carefully	O
monitor	O
fluid	O
balance	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
.	O

Routine	O
EKG	O
monitoring	O
during	O
infusional	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
predict	O
CHF	B-Disease
development	O
.	O

Tremor	B-Disease
side	O
effects	O
of	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
,	O
quantified	O
by	O
a	O
laser	O
pointer	O
technique	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
study	O
tremor	B-Disease
side	O
effects	O
of	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
an	O
easily	O
applicable	O
,	O
quick	O
and	O
low	O
-	O
priced	O
method	O
is	O
needed	O
.	O

A	O
new	O
method	O
using	O
a	O
commercially	O
available	O
,	O
pen	O
-	O
shaped	O
laser	O
pointer	O
was	O
developed	O
.	O

Aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
sensitivity	O
,	O
reproducibility	O
,	O
reference	O
values	O
and	O
the	O
agreement	O
with	O
a	O
questionnaire	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Tremor	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
using	O
a	O
laser	O
pointer	O
technique	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
sensitivity	O
we	O
assessed	O
tremor	B-Disease
in	O
44	O
patients	O
with	O
obstructive	B-Disease
lung	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
cumulative	O
doses	O
of	O
salbutamol	B-Chemical
.	O

Subjects	O
were	O
asked	O
to	O
aim	O
at	O
the	O
centre	O
of	O
a	O
target	O
,	O
subdivided	O
in	O
concentric	O
circles	O
,	O
from	O
5	O
m	O
distance	O
.	O

The	O
circle	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
participant	O
succeeded	O
to	O
aim	O
was	O
recorded	O
in	O
millimetres	O
radius	O
.	O

In	O
another	O
series	O
of	O
measurements	O
,	O
reproducibility	O
and	O
reference	O
values	O
of	O
the	O
tremor	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
65	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
in	O
three	O
sessions	O
,	O
at	O
9	O
a	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
,	O
4	O
p	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
and	O
9	O
a	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
1	O
week	O
later	O
.	O

Postural	O
tremor	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
with	O
the	O
arm	O
horizontally	O
outstretched	O
rest	O
tremor	B-Disease
with	O
the	O
arm	O
supported	O
by	O
an	O
armrest	O
and	O
finally	O
tremor	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
after	O
holding	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
kg	O
weight	O
until	O
exhaustion	O
.	O

Inter	O
-	O
observer	O
variability	O
was	O
measured	O
in	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
10	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
.	O

Tremor	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
simultaneously	O
by	O
two	O
independent	O
observers	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Salbutamol	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
tremor	B-Disease
severity	O
in	O
patients	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
way	O
.	O

Within	O
healthy	O
adults	O
no	O
age	O
-	O
dependency	O
could	O
be	O
found	O
(	O
b	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
262	O
mm	O
/	O
year	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
72	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
agreement	O
between	O
the	O
questionnaire	O
and	O
tremor	B-Disease
severity	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
093	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
53	O
)	O
.	O

Postural	O
tremor	B-Disease
showed	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
first	O
and	O
third	O
session	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
07	O
)	O
.	O

Support	O
of	O
the	O
arm	O
decreased	O
tremor	B-Disease
severity	O
,	O
exhaustion	O
increased	O
tremor	B-Disease
severity	O
significantly	O
.	O

A	O
good	O
agreement	O
was	O
found	O
between	O
two	O
independent	O
observers	O
(	O
interclass	O
correlation	O
coefficient	O
0	O
.	O
72	O
)	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Quantifying	O
tremor	B-Disease
by	O
using	O
an	O
inexpensive	O
laser	O
pointer	O
is	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
children	O
(	O
<	O
12	O
years	O
)	O
a	O
sensitive	O
and	O
reproducible	O
method	O
.	O

Safety	O
and	O
adverse	O
effects	O
associated	O
with	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
:	O
multiple	O
outcomes	O
of	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
evaluation	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
examine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
on	O
major	O
adverse	O
events	O
that	O
occur	O
with	O
postmenopausal	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
therapy	O
or	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
Multiple	O
Outcomes	O
of	O
Raloxifene	B-Chemical
Evaluation	O
,	O
a	O
multicenter	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trial	O
,	O
enrolled	O
7	O
,	O
705	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
with	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
.	O

Women	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
60	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
or	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
or	O
placebo	O
.	O

Outcomes	O
included	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
,	O
cataracts	B-Disease
,	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
endometrial	B-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
During	O
a	O
mean	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
,	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
for	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
relative	O
risk	O
[	O
RR	O
]	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
excess	O
event	O
rate	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
per	O
1	O
,	O
000	O
woman	O
-	O
years	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
needed	O
to	O
treat	O
to	O
cause	O
1	O
event	O
was	O
170	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
100	O
-	O
582	O
)	O
over	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
.	O

Risk	O
in	O
the	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
group	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
2	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
decreased	O
to	O
about	O
the	O
same	O
rate	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
thereafter	O
.	O

Raloxifene	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
increase	O
risk	O
for	O
cataracts	B-Disease
(	O
RR	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
RR	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
)	O
,	O
endometrial	B-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
(	O
RR	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
RR	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Raloxifene	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
for	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
increased	O
risk	O
for	O
cataracts	B-Disease
,	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
endometrial	B-Disease
hyperplasia	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
endometrial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

LEVEL	O
OF	O
EVIDENCE	O
:	O
I	O

Optimization	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

While	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
single	O
correct	O
starting	O
dose	O
for	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
many	O
individuals	O
can	O
be	O
started	O
on	O
either	O
the	O
25	O
/	O
100	O
or	O
controlled	O
-	O
release	O
formula	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
general	O
rule	O
not	O
to	O
attempt	O
to	O
titrate	O
carbidopa	B-Chemical
-	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
point	O
of	O
"	O
normality	O
,	O
"	O
which	O
can	O
lead	O
to	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
physician	O
should	O
also	O
determine	O
the	O
proper	O
use	O
of	O
any	O
adjunctive	O
medications	O
;	O
such	O
combined	O
therapy	O
has	O
become	O
the	O
standard	O
approach	O
to	O
treatment	O
.	O

Following	O
the	O
initial	O
period	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
emerging	O
difficulties	O
require	O
a	O
reassessment	O
of	O
therapeutic	O
approaches	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
dosage	O
adjustment	O
or	O
introduction	O
of	O
a	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	O
.	O

Other	O
possible	O
adverse	O
effects	O
-	O
-	O
such	O
as	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
,	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
,	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
psychosis	B-Disease
,	O
sleep	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
or	O
parasomnias	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
drug	O
interactions	O
-	O
-	O
also	O
require	O
carefully	O
monitored	O
individual	O
treatment	O
.	O

Nonpharmacologic	O
concerns	O
can	O
help	O
the	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patient	O
achieve	O
and	O
maintain	O
optimal	O
functioning	O
,	O
including	O
daily	O
exercise	O
,	O
physical	O
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
involvement	O
with	O
support	O
groups	O
.	O

Long	O
term	O
audiological	O
evaluation	O
of	O
beta	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
thalassemic	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
children	O
and	O
young	O
adults	O
with	O
beta	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
thalassemia	I-Disease
major	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
and	O
four	O
(	O
104	O
)	O
patients	O
aged	O
6	O
-	O
35	O
years	O
(	O
mean	O
17	O
,	O
2	O
years	O
)	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
were	O
on	O
a	O
regular	O
transfusion	O
-	O
chelation	O
program	O
maintaining	O
a	O
mean	O
hemoglobin	O
level	O
of	O
9	O
.	O
5	O
gr	O
/	O
dl	O
.	O

Subjects	O
were	O
receiving	O
desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DFO	B-Chemical
)	O
chelation	O
treatment	O
with	O
a	O
mean	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
-	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
5	O
-	O
6	O
days	O
a	O
week	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
six	O
years	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
then	O
reduced	O
to	O
40	O
-	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
the	O
following	O
eight	O
years	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
followed	O
for	O
8	O
-	O
14	O
years	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Overall	O
,	O
21	O
out	O
of	O
104	O
patients	O
(	O
20	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
presented	O
with	O
high	O
frequency	O
sensorineural	B-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
(	O
SNHL	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
either	O
unilateral	O
or	O
bilateral	O
.	O

No	O
ototoxic	B-Disease
factor	O
,	O
other	O
than	O
DFO	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
present	O
in	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
SNHL	B-Disease
presented	O
with	O
relatively	O
lower	O
serum	O
ferritin	O
levels	O
than	O
those	O
with	O
normal	O
hearing	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
no	O
statistically	O
significant	O
difference	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Subjects	O
with	O
SNHL	B-Disease
were	O
submitted	O
to	O
DFO	B-Chemical
reduction	O
or	O
temporary	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

Following	O
intervention	O
,	O
7	O
out	O
of	O
21	O
affected	O
patients	O
recovered	O
,	O
10	O
remained	O
stable	O
and	O
4	O
demonstrated	O
aggravation	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
findings	O
are	O
indicative	O
of	O
DFO	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
contributing	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hearing	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

Regular	O
audiologic	O
evaluation	O
is	O
imperative	O
in	O
all	O
thalassemic	B-Disease
patients	O
so	O
that	O
early	O
changes	O
may	O
be	O
recognized	O
and	O
treatment	O
may	O
be	O
judiciously	O
adjusted	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
prevent	O
or	O
reverse	O
hearing	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

Individual	O
differences	O
in	O
renal	O
ACE	O
activity	O
in	O
healthy	O
rats	O
predict	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
In	O
man	O
,	O
differences	O
in	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
levels	O
,	O
related	O
to	O
ACE	O
(	O
I	O
/	O
D	O
)	O
genotype	O
,	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
renal	O
prognosis	O
.	O

This	O
raises	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
individual	O
differences	O
in	O
renal	O
ACE	O
activity	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
renal	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
inflicted	O
damage	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
predictive	O
effect	O
of	O
renal	O
ACE	O
activity	O
for	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Renal	O
ACE	O
activity	O
(	O
Hip	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
His	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Leu	I-Chemical
cleavage	O
by	O
cortical	O
homogenates	O
)	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
renal	O
biopsy	O
in	O
27	O
adult	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

After	O
1	O
week	O
of	O
recovery	O
,	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
[	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
intravenously	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
n	O
=	O
18	O
;	O
controls	O
,	O
saline	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
n	O
=	O
9	O
]	O
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
every	O
2	O
weeks	O
.	O

After	O
12	O
weeks	O
,	O
rats	O
were	O
sacrificed	O
and	O
their	O
kidneys	O
harvested	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
As	O
anticipated	O
,	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
elicited	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
range	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
renal	B-Disease
interstitial	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
and	O
mild	O
focal	B-Disease
glomerulosclerosis	I-Disease
.	O

Baseline	O
renal	O
ACE	O
positively	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
relative	O
rise	O
in	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
62	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
renal	O
interstitial	O
alpha	O
-	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
actin	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
49	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
interstitial	O
macrophage	O
influx	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
56	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
interstitial	O
collagen	O
III	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
53	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
glomerular	O
alpha	O
-	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
actin	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
74	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
and	O
glomerular	O
desmin	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
48	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Baseline	O
renal	O
ACE	O
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
focal	B-Disease
glomerulosclerosis	I-Disease
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
22	O
,	O
NS	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
controls	O
,	O
no	O
predictive	O
values	O
for	O
renal	O
parameters	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Individual	O
differences	O
in	O
renal	O
ACE	O
activity	O
predict	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
this	O
outbred	O
rat	O
strain	O
.	O

This	O
supports	O
the	O
assumption	O
that	O
differences	O
in	O
renal	O
ACE	O
activity	O
predispose	O
to	O
a	O
less	O
favourable	O
course	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

Recurrent	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
azithromycin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
14	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
is	O
reported	O
with	O
recurrent	O
,	O
azithromycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
,	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
second	O
episode	O
was	O
more	O
severe	O
than	O
the	O
first	O
;	O
and	O
although	O
both	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
intensive	O
corticosteroid	O
therapy	O
,	O
renal	O
function	O
remained	O
impaired	O
.	O

Although	O
most	O
cases	O
of	O
antibiotic	O
induced	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
are	O
benign	O
and	O
self	O
-	O
limited	O
,	O
some	O
patients	O
are	O
at	O
risk	O
for	O
permanent	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Spironolactone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
and	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
A	O
previous	O
randomized	O
controlled	O
trial	O
evaluating	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
in	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
patients	O
reported	O
a	O
low	O
risk	O
of	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
(	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
(	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Because	O
treatments	O
for	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
have	O
changed	O
since	O
the	O
benefits	O
of	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
were	O
reported	O
,	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
these	O
complications	O
may	O
differ	O
in	O
current	O
clinical	O
practice	O
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
sought	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
prevalence	O
and	O
clinical	O
associations	O
of	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
in	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
performed	O
a	O
case	O
control	O
study	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
in	O
our	O
clinical	O
practice	O
.	O

Cases	O
were	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
(	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
>	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
mEq	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
or	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
(	O
Cr	B-Chemical
>	O
or	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
2	O
randomly	O
selected	O
controls	O
per	O
case	O
.	O

Clinical	O
characteristics	O
,	O
medications	O
,	O
and	O
serum	O
chemistries	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
time	O
periods	O
were	O
compared	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sixty	O
-	O
seven	O
of	O
926	O
patients	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
required	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
spironolactone	B-Chemical
due	O
to	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
33	O
)	O
or	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
34	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
developed	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
were	O
older	O
and	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
diabetes	B-Disease
,	O
had	O
higher	O
baseline	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
lower	O
baseline	O
potassium	B-Chemical
supplement	O
doses	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
treated	O
with	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
than	O
controls	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
134	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
developed	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
had	O
lower	O
baseline	O
body	O
weight	O
and	O
higher	O
baseline	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
,	O
required	O
higher	O
doses	O
of	O
loop	O
diuretics	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
treated	O
with	O
thiazide	B-Chemical
diuretics	O
than	O
controls	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Spironolactone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
are	O
more	O
common	O
in	O
our	O
clinical	O
experience	O
than	O
reported	O
previously	O
.	O

This	O
difference	O
is	O
explained	O
by	O
patient	O
comorbidities	O
and	O
more	O
frequent	O
use	O
of	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
.	O

Acute	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
and	O
subchronic	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
treatments	O
change	O
synaptosomal	O
brain	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
uptake	O
and	O
elicit	O
orofacial	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Reserpine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
orofacial	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
are	O
putative	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
tardive	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
(	O
TD	B-Disease
)	O
whose	O
pathophysiology	O
has	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
free	O
radical	O
generation	O
and	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
authors	O
induced	O
orofacial	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
by	O
acute	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
and	O
subchronic	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
administration	O
to	O
rats	O
.	O

Reserpine	B-Chemical
injection	O
(	O
one	O
dose	O
of	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
every	O
other	O
day	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
caused	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
,	O
tongue	O
protrusion	O
and	O
duration	O
of	O
facial	O
twitching	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
control	O
.	O

Haloperidol	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
one	O
dose	O
of	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
once	O
a	O
week	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
weeks	O
caused	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
,	O
tongue	O
protrusion	O
and	O
duration	O
of	O
facial	O
twitching	O
observed	O
in	O
four	O
weekly	O
evaluations	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
treatments	O
and	O
behavioral	O
observation	O
,	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
uptake	O
by	O
segments	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
was	O
analyzed	O
.	O

A	O
decreased	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
uptake	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
subcortical	O
parts	O
of	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
control	O
.	O

Importantly	O
,	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
uptake	O
correlates	O
negatively	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
orofacial	B-Disease
diskinesia	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
early	O
changes	O
in	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
transport	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
vacuous	O
chewing	O
movements	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Ceftriaxone	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
biliary	B-Disease
pseudolithiasis	I-Disease
in	O
paediatric	O
surgical	O
patients	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
well	O
known	O
that	O
ceftriaxone	B-Chemical
leads	O
to	O
pseudolithiasis	B-Disease
in	O
some	O
patients	O
.	O

Clinical	O
and	O
experimental	O
studies	O
also	O
suggest	O
that	O
situations	O
causing	O
gallbladder	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
such	O
as	O
fasting	O
,	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
role	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
pseudolithiasis	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
clinical	O
importance	O
of	O
pseudolithiasis	B-Disease
in	O
paediatric	O
surgical	O
patients	O
receiving	O
ceftriaxone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
who	O
often	O
had	O
to	O
fast	O
in	O
the	O
post	O
-	O
operative	O
period	O
.	O

Fifty	O
children	O
who	O
were	O
given	O
ceftriaxone	B-Chemical
were	O
evaluated	O
by	O
serial	O
abdominal	O
sonograms	O
.	O

Of	O
those	O
,	O
13	O
(	O
26	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
biliary	O
pathology	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
pseudolithiasis	B-Disease
revealed	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
and	O
starvation	O
variables	O
.	O

After	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
,	O
pseudolithiasis	B-Disease
resolved	O
spontaneously	O
within	O
a	O
short	O
period	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
pseudolithiasis	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
fasting	O
.	O

Coronary	B-Disease
aneurysm	I-Disease
after	O
implantation	O
of	O
a	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
-	O
eluting	O
stent	O
.	O

Formation	O
of	O
coronary	B-Disease
aneurysm	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
of	O
stenting	O
with	O
bare	O
metal	O
stents	O
,	O
but	O
based	O
on	O
experimental	O
studies	O
drug	O
-	O
eluting	O
stents	O
may	O
induce	O
toxic	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
vessel	O
wall	O
with	O
incomplete	O
stent	O
apposition	O
,	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
formation	O
and	O
with	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
stent	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
or	O
vessel	B-Disease
rupture	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
43	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
developed	O
a	O
coronary	B-Disease
aneurysm	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
right	O
coronary	O
artery	O
6	O
months	O
after	O
receiving	O
a	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
-	O
eluting	O
stent	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
asymptomatic	O
and	O
the	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
was	O
detected	O
in	O
a	O
routine	O
control	O
.	O

Angiography	O
and	O
intracoronary	O
ultrasound	O
demonstrated	O
lack	O
of	O
contact	O
between	O
stent	O
and	O
vessel	O
wall	O
in	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
mm	O
long	O
segment	O
with	O
maximal	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
diameter	O
of	O
6	O
.	O
0	O
mm	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
graft	O
stent	O
.	O

Causes	O
of	O
acute	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
kidney	O
transplantation	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
problem	O
in	O
patients	O
following	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
.	O

In	O
postrenal	O
transplantation	O
,	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
is	O
often	O
a	O
reflection	O
of	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
aimed	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
causes	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
recipients	O
and	O
discuss	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
investigated	O
the	O
causes	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
during	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
,	O
from	O
June	O
2003	O
to	O
June	O
2004	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
King	O
Fahad	O
National	O
Guard	O
Hospital	O
in	O
Riyadh	O
,	O
Saudi	O
Arabia	O
,	O
by	O
reviewing	O
the	O
slides	O
of	O
all	O
transplant	O
biopsies	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
25	O
)	O
performed	O
during	O
this	O
interval	O
.	O

Pre	O
-	O
and	O
posttransplant	O
crossmatching	O
was	O
done	O
when	O
possible	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Five	O
cases	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
were	O
found	O
.	O

Three	O
of	O
these	O
cases	O
were	O
from	O
the	O
25	O
transplantations	O
performed	O
at	O
King	O
Fahad	O
National	O
Guard	O
Hospital	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
other	O
2	O
transplantations	O
had	O
been	O
performed	O
abroad	O
and	O
were	O
referred	O
to	O
us	O
for	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

Three	O
cases	O
were	O
related	O
to	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
1	O
case	O
was	O
secondary	O
to	O
both	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
fifth	O
case	O
had	O
features	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
an	O
antiphospholipid	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
systemic	B-Disease
lupus	I-Disease
erythematosus	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
In	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
-	O
frequent	O
cause	O
of	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
following	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
is	O
recurrence	O
of	O
the	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Other	O
causes	O
include	O
drug	O
-	O
related	O
(	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
)	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
procoagulant	O
status	O
,	O
and	O
antibody	O
-	O
mediated	O
rejection	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
most	O
-	O
frequent	O
cause	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
was	O
drug	O
related	O
,	O
secondary	O
mainly	O
to	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
was	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
percentage	O
reported	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
(	O
20	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
developmental	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
selective	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
cyclooxygenase	O
-	O
2	O
inhibitors	O
in	O
CRL	O
:	O
(	O
WI	O
)	O
WUBR	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
-	O
-	O
DFU	B-Chemical
and	O
piroxicam	B-Chemical
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyclooxygenase	O
(	O
COX	O
)	O
inhibitors	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
often	O
ingested	O
drugs	O
during	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

Unlike	O
general	O
toxicity	B-Disease
data	O
,	O
their	O
prenatal	O
toxic	O
effects	O
were	O
not	O
extensively	O
studied	O
before	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
experiment	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
developmental	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
(	O
piroxicam	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
selective	O
(	O
DFU	B-Chemical
;	O
5	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dimethyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylsulphonyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
phenyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
5H	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
furanon	I-Chemical
)	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Drugs	O
were	O
separately	O
,	O
orally	O
once	O
daily	O
dosed	O
to	O
pregnant	O
rats	O
from	O
day	O
8	O
to	O
21	O
(	O
GD1	O
=	O
plug	O
day	O
)	O
.	O

Doses	O
were	O
set	O
at	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
and	O
30	O
.	O
0mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
piroxicam	B-Chemical
and	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
and	O
20	O
.	O
0mg	O
/	O
kg	O
for	O
DFU	B-Chemical
.	O

Fetuses	O
were	O
delivered	O
on	O
GD	O
21	O
and	O
routinely	O
examined	O
.	O

Comprehensive	O
clinical	O
and	O
developmental	O
measurements	O
were	O
done	O
.	O

The	O
pooled	O
statistical	O
analysis	O
for	O
ventricular	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
VSD	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
midline	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
MD	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
was	O
performed	O
for	O
rat	O
fetuses	O
exposed	O
to	O
piroxicam	B-Chemical
,	O
selective	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
inhibitor	O
based	O
on	O
present	O
and	O
historic	O
data	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Maternal	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
intrauterine	B-Disease
growth	I-Disease
retardation	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
increase	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
external	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
skeletal	I-Disease
variations	I-Disease
were	O
found	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
of	O
piroxicam	B-Chemical
.	O

Decrease	O
of	O
fetal	O
length	O
was	O
the	O
only	O
signs	O
of	O
the	O
DFU	B-Chemical
developmental	O
toxicity	B-Disease
observed	O
in	O
pups	O
exposed	O
to	O
the	O
highest	O
compound	O
dose	O
.	O

Lack	O
of	O
teratogenicity	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
piroxicam	B-Chemical
and	O
DFU	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
groups	O
.	O

Prenatal	O
exposure	O
to	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
COX	O
inhibitors	O
increases	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VSD	O
and	O
MD	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
historic	O
control	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
selective	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Both	O
selective	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
inhibitors	O
were	O
toxic	O
for	O
rats	O
fetuses	O
when	O
administered	O
in	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
.	O

Unlike	O
DFU	B-Chemical
,	O
piroxicam	B-Chemical
was	O
also	O
highly	O
toxic	O
to	O
the	O
dams	O
.	O

Prenatal	O
exposure	O
to	O
selective	O
COX	O
-	O
2	O
inhibitors	O
does	O
not	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
midline	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
in	O
rat	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
drugs	O
and	O
historic	O
control	O
.	O

Lone	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
creatine	B-Chemical
monohydrate	O
supplementation	O
.	O

Atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
in	O
young	O
patients	O
without	O
structural	O
heart	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
is	O
rare	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
is	O
present	O
in	O
this	O
population	O
,	O
reversible	O
causes	O
must	O
be	O
identified	O
and	O
resolved	O
.	O

Thyroid	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
,	O
illicit	O
drug	O
or	O
stimulant	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
acute	B-Disease
alcohol	I-Disease
intoxication	I-Disease
are	O
among	O
these	O
causes	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
30	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Caucasian	O
man	O
who	O
came	O
to	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
in	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
with	O
rapid	O
ventricular	O
response	O
.	O

His	O
medical	O
history	O
was	O
unremarkable	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
minor	O
fractures	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
fingers	O
and	O
foot	O
.	O

Thyroid	O
-	O
stimulating	O
hormone	O
,	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
within	O
normal	O
limits	O
,	O
urine	O
drug	O
screen	O
was	O
negative	O
,	O
and	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
use	O
was	O
denied	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
questioned	O
about	O
use	O
of	O
herbal	O
products	O
and	O
supplements	O
,	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
creatine	B-Chemical
monohydrate	O
was	O
revealed	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
,	O
anticoagulated	O
with	O
unfractionated	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
given	O
intravenous	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
for	O
rate	O
control	O
and	O
intravenous	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
for	O
rate	O
and	O
rhythm	O
control	O
.	O

When	O
discharged	O
less	O
than	O
24	O
hours	O
later	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
receiving	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
and	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
with	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
plans	O
for	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
nuclear	O
imaging	O
to	O
assess	O
perfusion	O
.	O

Exogenous	O
creatine	B-Chemical
is	O
used	O
by	O
athletes	O
to	O
theoretically	O
improve	O
exercise	O
performance	O
.	O

Vegetarians	O
may	O
also	O
take	O
creatine	B-Chemical
to	O
replace	O
what	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
consuming	O
from	O
meat	O
,	O
fish	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
animal	O
products	O
.	O

Previous	O
anecdotal	O
reports	O
have	O
linked	O
creatine	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
.	O

Clinicians	O
must	O
be	O
diligent	O
when	O
interviewing	O
patients	O
about	O
their	O
drug	O
therapy	O
histories	O
and	O
include	O
questions	O
about	O
their	O
use	O
of	O
herbal	O
products	O
and	O
dietary	O
supplements	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
report	O
adverse	O
effects	O
associated	O
with	O
frequently	O
consumed	O
supplements	O
and	O
herbal	O
products	O
to	O
the	O
Food	O
and	O
Drug	O
Administration	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
metabolite	O
benzoylecgonine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
half	O
-	O
life	O
(	O
t1	O
/	O
2	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
is	O
relatively	O
short	O
,	O
but	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
consequences	O
of	O
its	O
use	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
strokes	B-Disease
,	O
can	O
occur	O
hours	O
after	O
exposure	O
.	O

This	O
led	O
us	O
to	O
hypothesize	O
that	O
a	O
metabolite	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
some	O
of	O
those	O
delayed	O
sequelae	O
.	O

We	O
evaluated	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
metabolite	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
benzoylecgonine	B-Chemical
(	O
BE	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
to	O
cause	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Two	O
separate	O
equimolar	O
doses	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
mumol	O
)	O
of	O
either	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
or	O
BE	B-Chemical
were	O
injected	O
ventricularly	O
in	O
unanesthetized	O
juvenile	O
rats	O
.	O

Treated	O
rats	O
were	O
then	O
evaluated	O
for	O
incidence	O
,	O
latency	O
,	O
and	O
seizure	B-Disease
pattern	O
or	O
for	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
in	O
animals	O
without	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

BE	B-Chemical
-	O
Induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
occurred	O
more	O
frequently	O
and	O
had	O
significantly	O
longer	O
latencies	O
than	O
those	O
induced	O
by	O
equimolar	O
amounts	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Whereas	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
best	O
characterized	O
as	O
brief	O
,	O
generalized	O
,	O
and	O
tonic	O
and	O
resulted	O
in	O
death	B-Disease
,	O
those	O
induced	O
by	O
BE	B-Chemical
were	O
prolonged	O
,	O
often	O
multiple	O
and	O
mixed	O
in	O
type	O
,	O
and	O
rarely	O
resulted	O
in	O
death	B-Disease
.	O

Electrical	O
recordings	O
from	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
showed	O
a	O
rhythmic	O
progression	O
in	O
EEG	O
frequency	O
and	O
voltage	O
with	O
clinical	O
seizure	B-Disease
expression	O
.	O

BE	B-Chemical
-	O
Injected	O
rats	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
seizures	B-Disease
had	O
significantly	O
more	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
than	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
injected	O
animals	O
without	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
finding	O
that	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
BE	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
differ	O
in	O
several	O
respects	O
suggests	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
mechanism	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
emphasizes	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
a	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
metabolite	O
,	O
BE	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
selective	O
5	O
-	O
HT6	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
Ro4368554	B-Chemical
restores	O
memory	O
performance	O
in	O
cholinergic	O
and	O
serotonergic	O
models	O
of	O
memory	B-Disease
deficiency	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Antagonists	O
at	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
type	O
6	O
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
(	O
6	O
)	O
)	O
receptors	O
show	O
activity	O
in	O
models	O
of	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
(	O
s	O
)	O
are	O
not	O
well	O
understood	O
,	O
these	O
effects	O
may	O
involve	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
ACh	B-Chemical
)	O
levels	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
sought	O
to	O
characterize	O
the	O
cognitive	O
-	O
enhancing	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
(	O
6	O
)	O
antagonist	O
Ro4368554	B-Chemical
(	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
benzenesulfonyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
piperazin	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
yl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
1H	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
indole	I-Chemical
)	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
object	O
recognition	O
task	O
employing	O
a	O
cholinergic	O
(	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
serotonergic	O
-	O
(	O
tryptophan	B-Chemical
(	O
TRP	B-Chemical
)	O
depletion	O
)	O
deficient	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
compared	O
its	O
pattern	O
of	O
action	O
with	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
acetylcholinesterase	O
inhibitor	O
metrifonate	B-Chemical
.	O

Initial	O
testing	O
in	O
a	O
time	O
-	O
dependent	O
forgetting	O
task	O
employing	O
a	O
24	O
-	O
h	O
delay	O
between	O
training	O
and	O
testing	O
showed	O
that	O
metrifonate	B-Chemical
improved	O
object	O
recognition	O
(	O
at	O
10	O
and	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
Ro4368554	B-Chemical
was	O
inactive	O
.	O

Both	O
,	O
Ro4368554	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
intraperitoneally	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
)	O
and	O
metrifonate	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
reversed	O
memory	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
TRP	B-Chemical
depletion	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
although	O
Ro4368554	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
improve	O
a	O
time	O
-	O
related	O
retention	O
deficit	O
,	O
it	O
reversed	O
a	O
cholinergic	O
and	O
a	O
serotonergic	O
memory	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
both	O
mechanisms	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
facilitation	O
of	O
object	O
memory	O
by	O
Ro4368554	B-Chemical
and	O
,	O
possibly	O
,	O
other	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
(	O
6	O
)	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
.	O

Evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
anticocaine	O
monoclonal	O
antibody	O
GNC92H2	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
immunotherapy	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Disease
overdose	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
illicit	O
use	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
continues	O
in	O
epidemic	O
proportions	O
and	O
treatment	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Disease
overdose	I-Disease
remains	O
elusive	O
.	O

Current	O
protein	O
-	O
based	O
technology	O
offers	O
a	O
new	O
therapeutic	O
venue	O
by	O
which	O
antibodies	O
bind	O
the	O
drug	O
in	O
the	O
blood	O
stream	O
,	O
inactivating	O
its	O
toxic	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
therapeutic	O
potential	O
of	O
the	O
anticocaine	O
antibody	O
GNC92H2	B-Chemical
was	O
examined	O
using	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Disease
overdose	I-Disease
.	O

Swiss	O
albino	O
mice	O
prepared	O
with	O
intrajugular	O
catheters	O
were	O
tested	O
in	O
photocell	O
cages	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
93	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
(	O
LD50	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
GNC92H2	B-Chemical
infusions	O
ranging	O
from	O
30	O
to	O
190	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

GNC92H2	B-Chemical
was	O
delivered	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
,	O
concomitantly	O
or	O
3	O
min	O
after	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Significant	O
blockade	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
with	O
the	O
higher	O
dose	O
of	O
GNC92H2	B-Chemical
(	O
190	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
where	O
premorbid	O
behaviors	O
were	O
reduced	O
up	O
to	O
40	O
%	O
,	O
seizures	B-Disease
up	O
to	O
77	O
%	O
and	O
death	B-Disease
by	O
72	O
%	O
.	O

Importantly	O
,	O
GNC92H2	B-Chemical
prevented	O
death	B-Disease
even	O
post	O
-	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
support	O
the	O
important	O
potential	O
of	O
GNC92H2	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
therapeutic	O
tool	O
against	O
cocaine	B-Disease
overdose	I-Disease
.	O

Electrocardiographic	O
evidence	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
psychiatrically	O
hospitalized	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
abusers	O
.	O

The	O
electrocardiograms	O
(	O
ECG	O
)	O
of	O
99	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
abusing	O
patients	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
ECGs	O
of	O
50	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
controls	O
.	O

Eleven	O
of	O
the	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
abusers	O
and	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
controls	O
had	O
ECG	O
evidence	O
of	O
significant	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
defined	O
as	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
,	O
ischemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
bundle	B-Disease
branch	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
.	O

Behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
urotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
centrally	O
administered	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Urotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
(	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
)	O
receptors	O
are	O
widely	O
distributed	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

Intracerebroventricular	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
injection	O
of	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
causes	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
stimulates	O
prolactin	O
and	O
thyrotropin	O
secretion	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
centrally	O
administered	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
have	O
received	O
little	O
attention	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
tested	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
injections	O
of	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
on	O
behavioral	O
,	O
metabolic	O
,	O
and	O
endocrine	O
responses	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
graded	O
doses	O
of	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
,	O
000	O
ng	O
/	O
mouse	O
)	O
provoked	O
:	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
head	O
dips	O
in	O
the	O
hole	O
-	O
board	O
test	O
;	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
entries	O
in	O
the	O
white	O
chamber	O
in	O
the	O
black	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
white	O
compartment	O
test	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
entries	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
platform	O
and	O
open	O
arms	O
in	O
the	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
;	O
and	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
immobility	O
in	O
the	O
forced	O
-	O
swimming	O
test	O
and	O
tail	O
suspension	O
test	O
.	O

Intracerebroventricular	O
injection	O
of	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
also	O
caused	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
:	O
food	O
intake	O
at	O
doses	O
of	O
100	O
and	O
1	O
,	O
000	O
ng	O
/	O
mouse	O
,	O
water	O
intake	O
at	O
doses	O
of	O
100	O
-	O
10	O
,	O
000	O
ng	O
/	O
mouse	O
,	O
and	O
horizontal	O
locomotion	O
activity	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
10	O
,	O
000	O
ng	O
/	O
mouse	O
.	O

Whatever	O
was	O
the	O
dose	O
,	O
the	O
central	O
administration	O
of	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
body	O
temperature	O
,	O
nociception	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
penile	B-Disease
erection	I-Disease
and	O
climbing	O
behavior	O
,	O
and	O
stress	O
-	O
induced	O
plasma	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
level	O
.	O

Taken	O
together	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
the	O
central	O
injection	O
of	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
at	O
doses	O
of	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
,	O
000	O
ng	O
/	O
mouse	O
induces	O
anxiogenic	O
-	O
and	O
depressant	O
-	O
like	O
effects	O
in	O
mouse	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
U	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
some	O
aspects	O
of	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Learning	O
of	O
rats	O
under	O
amnesia	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
.	O

Dissociated	O
learning	O
of	O
rats	O
in	O
the	O
normal	O
state	O
and	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
amnesia	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
ip	O
)	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
trained	O
to	O
approach	O
a	O
shelf	O
where	O
they	O
received	O
food	O
reinforcement	O
.	O

In	O
Group	O
1	O
the	O
rats	O
were	O
trained	O
under	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
to	O
run	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
shelf	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
normal	O
state	O
.	O

In	O
Group	O
2	O
the	O
rats	O
were	O
trained	O
to	O
approach	O
different	O
shelves	O
in	O
different	O
drug	O
states	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
shown	O
that	O
memory	B-Disease
dissociation	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Differences	O
in	O
the	O
parameters	O
of	O
training	O
under	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
between	O
Groups	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
were	O
revealed	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
brain	O
-	O
dissociated	O
state	O
induced	O
by	O
pentobarbital	B-Chemical
is	O
formed	O
with	O
the	O
participation	O
of	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
information	O
perception	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
therapy	O
on	O
fibrinolysis	O
markers	O
:	O
TAFI	O
,	O
tPA	O
,	O
and	O
PAI	O
-	O
1	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Markers	O
of	O
fibrinolysis	O
,	O
thrombin	O
-	O
activatable	O
fibrinolysis	O
inhibitor	O
(	O
TAFI	O
)	O
,	O
tissue	O
-	O
type	O
plasminogen	O
activator	O
(	O
tPA	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
plasminogen	O
activator	O
inhibitor	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
PAI	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
levels	O
were	O
studied	O
for	O
the	O
evaluation	O
of	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
effects	O
of	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Thirty	O
-	O
nine	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
with	O
osteopenia	B-Disease
or	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
were	O
included	O
in	O
this	O
prospective	O
,	O
controlled	O
clinical	O
study	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
five	O
women	O
were	O
given	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
(	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
plus	O
calcium	B-Chemical
(	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
.	O

Age	O
-	O
matched	O
controls	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
14	O
)	O
were	O
given	O
only	O
calcium	B-Chemical
.	O

Plasma	O
TAFI	O
,	O
tPA	O
,	O
and	O
PAI	O
-	O
1	O
antigen	O
levels	O
were	O
measured	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
after	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
treatment	O
by	O
commercially	O
available	O
ELISA	O
kits	O
.	O

Variations	O
of	O
individuals	O
were	O
assessed	O
by	O
Wilcoxon	O
'	O
s	O
test	O
.	O

Relationship	O
between	O
those	O
markers	O
and	O
demographic	O
characteristics	O
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Three	O
months	O
of	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
treatment	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
TAFI	O
antigen	O
concentrations	O
(	O
16	O
%	O
change	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
tPA	O
antigen	O
concentrations	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
change	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
correlation	O
was	O
found	O
between	O
baseline	O
TAFI	O
antigen	O
concentrations	O
and	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
amenorrhea	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
;	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
33	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
We	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
raloxifene	B-Chemical
treatment	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
increased	O
tPA	O
levels	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
TAFI	O
levels	O
.	O

Valproate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Valproate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
syndrome	O
that	O
may	O
manifest	O
in	O
otherwise	O
normal	O
epileptic	B-Disease
individuals	O
.	O

It	O
may	O
even	O
present	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
tolerated	O
this	O
medicine	O
well	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
usually	O
but	O
not	O
necessarily	O
associated	O
with	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
EEG	O
shows	O
characteristic	O
triphasic	O
waves	O
in	O
most	O
patients	O
with	O
this	O
complication	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
valproate	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
is	O
presented	O
.	O

The	O
problems	O
in	O
diagnosing	O
this	O
condition	O
are	O
subsequently	O
discussed	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
dysphonia	B-Disease
and	O
acitretin	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
complaining	O
of	O
dysphonia	B-Disease
while	O
she	O
was	O
treated	O
by	O
acitretin	B-Chemical
.	O

Her	O
symptoms	O
totally	O
regressed	O
after	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
and	O
reappeared	O
when	O
acitretin	B-Chemical
was	O
reintroduced	O
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
of	O
acitretin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dysphonia	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
effect	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
effect	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
on	O
mucous	O
membranes	O
.	O

Nitro	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
potential	O
protector	O
against	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
ototoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
inhibitor	O
nitro	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
)	O
may	O
act	O
as	O
an	O
otoprotectant	O
against	O
high	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
frequency	I-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
further	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
confirm	O
this	O
.	O
Aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
antibiotics	O
are	O
still	O
widely	O
used	O
by	O
virtue	O
of	O
their	O
efficacy	O
and	O
low	O
cost	O
.	O

Their	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
serious	O
health	O
problem	O
and	O
,	O
as	O
their	O
ototoxic	B-Disease
mechanism	O
involves	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
,	O
we	O
need	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
inhibitors	O
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sensorineural	B-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
experimental	O
study	O
we	O
used	O
30	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
,	O
27	O
of	O
which	O
had	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
instilled	O
into	O
the	O
middle	O
ear	O
.	O

The	O
otoprotectant	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
topically	O
to	O
12	O
/	O
27	O
animals	O
.	O

Its	O
effect	O
was	O
determined	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
attenuation	O
of	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
measured	O
by	O
shifts	O
in	O
the	O
auditory	O
brainstem	O
response	O
threshold	O
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
reduced	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
frequency	O
range	O
,	O
but	O
gave	O
no	O
protection	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
or	O
low	O
frequencies	O
.	O

Safety	O
profile	O
of	O
a	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
lozenge	O
compared	O
with	O
that	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
gum	O
in	O
adult	O
smokers	O
with	O
underlying	O
medical	O
conditions	O
:	O
a	O
12	O
-	O
week	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Nicotine	B-Chemical
polacrilex	O
lozenges	O
deliver	O
25	O
%	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
more	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
equivalent	O
doses	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
polacrilex	O
gum	O
.	O

The	O
increased	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
from	O
the	O
lozenge	O
has	O
raised	O
questions	O
about	O
the	O
relative	O
safety	O
of	O
the	O
lozenge	O
and	O
gum	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
safety	O
profiles	O
of	O
the	O
4	O
-	O
mg	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
lozenge	O
and	O
4	O
-	O
mg	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
gum	O
in	O
smokers	O
with	O
selected	O
label	O
-	O
restricted	O
diseases	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
was	O
a	O
multicenter	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
study	O
in	O
adult	O
smokers	O
with	O
heart	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
hypertension	B-Disease
not	O
controlled	O
by	O
medication	O
,	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
randomized	O
in	O
a	O
1	O
:	O
1	O
ratio	O
to	O
receive	O
the	O
4	O
-	O
mg	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
lozenge	O
or	O
4	O
-	O
mg	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
gum	O
.	O

Safety	O
assessments	O
were	O
made	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
at	O
2	O
,	O
4	O
,	O
6	O
,	O
and	O
12	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
product	O
use	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Nine	O
hundred	O
one	O
patients	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
treatment	O
,	O
447	O
who	O
received	O
the	O
lozenge	O
and	O
454	O
who	O
received	O
the	O
gum	O
(	O
safety	O
population	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
were	O
women	O
(	O
52	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
'	O
mean	O
age	O
was	O
53	O
.	O
9	O
years	O
,	O
their	O
mean	O
weight	O
was	O
193	O
.	O
9	O
pounds	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
smoked	O
a	O
mean	O
of	O
25	O
.	O
2	O
cigarettes	O
per	O
day	O
at	O
baseline	O
.	O

Five	O
hundred	O
fifty	O
-	O
three	O
patients	O
,	O
264	O
taking	O
the	O
lozenge	O
and	O
289	O
taking	O
the	O
gum	O
,	O
used	O
the	O
study	O
product	O
for	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
4	O
days	O
per	O
week	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
2	O
weeks	O
(	O
evaluable	O
population	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
lozenge	O
and	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
gum	O
were	O
equally	O
well	O
tolerated	O
,	O
despite	O
increased	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
from	O
the	O
lozenge	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
in	O
the	O
2	O
groups	O
was	O
similar	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
product	O
use	O
(	O
evaluation	O
population	O
:	O
55	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
lozenge	O
,	O
54	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
gum	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
during	O
the	O
entire	O
study	O
(	O
safety	O
population	O
:	O
63	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
and	O
58	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Stratification	O
of	O
patients	O
by	O
sex	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
extent	O
of	O
concurrent	O
smoking	O
,	O
extent	O
of	O
product	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
revealed	O
no	O
clinically	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
lozenge	O
and	O
gum	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
17	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
and	O
16	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
6	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
,	O
hiccups	B-Disease
(	O
10	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
and	O
6	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
7	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
headache	B-Disease
(	O
8	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
and	O
9	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
Cl	O
,	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

Serious	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
reported	O
in	O
11	O
and	O
13	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
respective	O
groups	O
.	O

Fewer	O
than	O
6	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
either	O
group	O
were	O
considered	O
by	O
the	O
investigator	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
worsening	O
of	O
their	O
overall	O
disease	O
condition	O
during	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
of	O
patients	O
(	O
>	O
60	O
%	O
)	O
experienced	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
their	O
disease	O
status	O
from	O
baseline	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
4	O
-	O
mg	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
lozenge	O
and	O
4	O
-	O
mg	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
gum	O
had	O
comparable	O
safety	O
profiles	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
with	O
label	O
-	O
restricted	O
medical	O
conditions	O
.	O

Pharmacological	O
modulation	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
-	O
related	O
brain	O
activity	O
during	O
normal	O
and	O
central	O
sensitization	O
states	O
in	O
humans	O
.	O

Abnormal	O
processing	O
of	O
somatosensory	O
inputs	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
(	O
central	O
sensitization	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
mechanism	O
accounting	O
for	O
the	O
enhanced	O
pain	B-Disease
sensitivity	O
in	O
the	O
skin	O
surrounding	O
tissue	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
(	O
secondary	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
)	O
.	O

Secondary	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
shares	O
clinical	O
characteristics	O
with	O
neurogenic	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Abnormal	O
brain	O
responses	O
to	O
somatosensory	O
stimuli	O
have	O
been	O
found	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
normal	O
subjects	O
during	O
experimental	O
central	O
sensitization	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
gabapentin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
drug	O
effective	O
in	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
patients	O
,	O
on	O
brain	O
processing	O
of	O
nociceptive	O
information	O
in	O
normal	O
and	O
central	O
sensitization	O
states	O
.	O

Using	O
functional	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
fMRI	O
)	O
in	O
normal	O
volunteers	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
gabapentin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
modulation	O
of	O
brain	O
activity	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
nociceptive	O
mechanical	O
stimulation	O
of	O
normal	O
skin	O
and	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
secondary	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
dose	O
of	O
gabapentin	B-Chemical
was	O
1	O
,	O
800	O
mg	O
per	O
os	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
single	O
administration	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
that	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
gabapentin	B-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
activations	O
in	O
the	O
bilateral	O
operculoinsular	O
cortex	O
,	O
independently	O
of	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
central	O
sensitization	O
;	O
(	O
ii	O
)	O
gabapentin	B-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
activation	O
in	O
the	O
brainstem	O
,	O
only	O
during	O
central	O
sensitization	O
;	O
(	O
iii	O
)	O
gabapentin	B-Chemical
suppressed	O
stimulus	O
-	O
induced	O
deactivations	O
,	O
only	O
during	O
central	O
sensitization	O
;	O
this	O
effect	O
was	O
more	O
robust	O
than	O
the	O
effect	O
on	O
brain	O
activation	O
.	O

The	O
observed	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
effects	O
were	O
not	O
due	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
baseline	O
fMRI	O
signal	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
gabapentin	B-Chemical
has	O
a	O
measurable	O
antinociceptive	O
effect	O
and	O
a	O
stronger	O
antihyperalgesic	O
effect	O
most	O
evident	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
areas	O
undergoing	O
deactivation	O
,	O
thus	O
supporting	O
the	O
concept	O
that	O
gabapentin	B-Chemical
is	O
more	O
effective	O
in	O
modulating	O
nociceptive	O
transmission	O
when	O
central	O
sensitization	O
is	O
present	O
.	O

Investigation	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
involvement	O
in	O
the	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
.	O

Mitochondrial	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
several	O
aspects	O
of	O
epileptogenesis	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
energy	O
generation	O
,	O
control	O
of	O
cell	O
death	B-Disease
,	O
neurotransmitter	O
synthesis	O
,	O
and	O
free	O
radical	O
(	O
FR	O
)	O
production	O
.	O

Increased	O
production	O
of	O
FRs	O
may	O
cause	O
mtDNA	O
damage	O
leading	O
to	O
decreased	O
activities	O
of	O
oxidative	O
phosphorylation	O
complexes	O
containing	O
mtDNA	O
-	O
encoded	O
subunits	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
whether	O
increased	O
generation	O
of	O
FR	O
during	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
would	O
be	O
sufficient	O
to	O
provoke	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
mtDNA	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
expression	O
and	O
activity	O
of	O
cytochrome	O
c	O
oxidase	O
(	O
CCO	O
)	O
,	O
complex	O
IV	O
of	O
the	O
respiratory	O
chain	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
chronic	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
of	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

DNA	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
low	O
amounts	O
of	O
a	O
4	O
.	O
8	O
kb	O
mtDNA	O
deletion	O
but	O
with	O
no	O
differences	O
in	O
frequency	O
or	O
quantity	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
and	O
experimental	O
groups	O
.	O

We	O
did	O
not	O
find	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
the	O
expression	O
and	O
distribution	O
of	O
an	O
mtDNA	O
-	O
encoded	O
subunit	O
of	O
CCO	O
(	O
CCO	O
-	O
I	O
)	O
or	O
a	O
relative	O
decrease	O
in	O
CCO	O
-	O
I	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
nuclear	O
-	O
encoded	O
subunits	O
(	O
CCO	O
-	O
IV	O
and	O
SDH	O
-	O
fp	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
abnormality	O
in	O
CCO	O
activity	O
was	O
observed	O
through	O
histochemistry	O
.	O

Although	O
evidences	O
of	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
were	O
found	O
in	O
previously	O
published	O
studies	O
,	O
our	O
results	O
do	O
not	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
FRs	O
,	O
generated	O
during	O
the	O
acute	O
phase	O
,	O
determined	O
important	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
mtDNA	O
,	O
in	O
expression	O
of	O
CCO	O
-	O
I	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
CCO	O
activity	O
.	O

Adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
nitrendipine	B-Chemical
on	O
nephrosclerosis	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
with	O
renovascular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
week	O
treatment	O
with	O
the	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
nitrendipine	B-Chemical
or	O
the	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
albuminuria	B-Disease
,	O
renal	O
hemodynamics	O
,	O
and	O
morphology	O
of	O
the	O
nonclipped	O
kidney	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
two	O
-	O
kidney	O
,	O
one	O
clip	O
renovascular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
.	O

Six	O
weeks	O
after	O
clipping	O
of	O
one	O
renal	O
artery	O
,	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
(	O
178	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
three	O
groups	O
:	O
untreated	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
controls	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
nitrendipine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
.	O

Sham	O
-	O
operated	O
rats	O
served	O
as	O
normotensive	O
controls	O
(	O
128	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
6	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
renal	O
hemodynamics	O
(	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
and	O
renal	O
plasma	O
flow	O
)	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
the	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

Renal	O
tissue	O
was	O
obtained	O
for	O
determination	O
of	O
glomerular	O
size	O
and	O
sclerosis	O
.	O

Enalapril	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
nitrendipine	B-Chemical
reduced	O
blood	O
pressure	O
significantly	O
.	O

After	O
6	O
weeks	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
was	O
not	O
different	O
among	O
the	O
studied	O
groups	O
.	O

Renal	O
plasma	O
flow	O
increased	O
,	O
but	O
albumin	O
excretion	O
and	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
change	O
after	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
nitrendipine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
albuminuria	B-Disease
increased	O
from	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
progressively	O
to	O
163	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
55	O
compared	O
with	O
19	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
mg	O
/	O
24	O
hr	O
in	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
controls	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
index	O
was	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
nitrendipine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
controls	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
38	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
versus	O
0	O
.	O
13	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
glomerular	O
size	O
was	O
higher	O
in	O
the	O
nitrendipine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
(	O
14	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
mm2	O
)	O
but	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
mm2	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
controls	O
(	O
12	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
mm2	O
)	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Ketoconazole	B-Chemical
induced	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
without	O
concomitant	O
use	O
of	O
QT	O
interval	O
-	O
prolonging	O
drug	O
.	O

Ketoconazole	B-Chemical
is	O
not	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
proarrhythmic	O
without	O
concomitant	O
use	O
of	O
QT	O
interval	O
-	O
prolonging	O
drugs	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
a	O
markedly	O
prolonged	B-Disease
QT	I-Disease
interval	I-Disease
and	O
torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TdP	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
taking	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
fungal	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

Her	O
QT	O
interval	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
upon	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
.	O

Genetic	O
study	O
did	O
not	O
find	O
any	O
mutation	O
in	O
her	O
genes	O
that	O
encode	O
cardiac	O
IKr	O
channel	O
proteins	O
.	O

We	O
postulate	O
that	O
by	O
virtue	O
of	O
its	O
direct	O
blocking	O
action	O
on	O
IKr	O
,	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
alone	O
may	O
prolong	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
induce	O
TdP	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
calls	O
for	O
attention	O
when	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
is	O
administered	O
to	O
patients	O
with	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
acquired	O
long	B-Disease
QT	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
following	O
oral	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
intake	O
in	O
an	O
adult	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

Methylphenidate	B-Chemical
is	O
structurally	O
and	O
functionally	O
similar	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
amphetamine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
is	O
well	O
documented	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
rare	O
cases	O
ischaemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
after	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
intake	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
63	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
who	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
due	O
to	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
and	O
suffered	O
from	O
multiple	O
ischaemic	B-Disease
strokes	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
consider	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
cerebral	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
as	O
the	O
most	O
likely	O
cause	O
of	O
recurrent	O
ischaemic	B-Disease
strokes	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
any	O
pathological	O
findings	O
during	O
the	O
diagnostic	O
work	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
mediated	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
neurological	O
symptoms	O
and	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

This	O
potential	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
,	O
though	O
very	O
rare	O
,	O
represents	O
one	O
more	O
reason	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
restrictive	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
.	O

MDMA	B-Chemical
polydrug	O
users	O
show	O
process	O
-	O
specific	O
central	O
executive	O
impairments	O
coupled	O
with	O
impaired	B-Disease
social	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
emotional	I-Disease
judgement	I-Disease
processes	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
recent	O
years	O
working	O
memory	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
users	O
of	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
(	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylenedioxymethamphetamine	I-Chemical
,	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

The	O
current	O
study	O
aimed	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
impact	O
of	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
use	O
on	O
three	O
separate	O
central	O
executive	O
processes	O
(	O
set	O
shifting	O
,	O
inhibition	O
and	O
memory	O
updating	O
)	O
and	O
also	O
on	O
"	O
prefrontal	O
"	O
mediated	O
social	O
and	O
emotional	O
judgement	O
processes	O
.	O

Fifteen	O
polydrug	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
and	O
15	O
polydrug	O
non	O
-	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
user	O
controls	O
completed	O
a	O
general	O
drug	O
use	O
questionnaire	O
,	O
the	O
Brixton	O
Spatial	O
Anticipation	O
task	O
(	O
set	O
shifting	O
)	O
,	O
Backward	O
Digit	O
Span	O
procedure	O
(	O
memory	O
updating	O
)	O
,	O
Inhibition	O
of	O
Return	O
(	O
inhibition	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
emotional	O
intelligence	O
scale	O
,	O
the	O
Tromso	O
Social	O
Intelligence	O
Scale	O
and	O
the	O
Dysexecutive	O
Questionnaire	O
(	O
DEX	O
)	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
-	O
free	O
polydrug	O
controls	O
,	O
MDMA	B-Chemical
polydrug	O
users	O
showed	O
impairments	O
in	O
set	O
shifting	O
and	O
memory	O
updating	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
in	O
social	O
and	O
emotional	O
judgement	O
processes	O
.	O

The	O
latter	O
two	O
deficits	O
remained	O
significant	O
after	O
controlling	O
for	O
other	O
drug	O
use	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
lend	O
further	O
support	O
to	O
the	O
proposal	O
that	O
cognitive	O
processes	O
mediated	O
by	O
the	O
prefrontal	O
cortex	O
may	O
be	O
impaired	O
by	O
recreational	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
amsacrine	B-Chemical
analogue	O
CI	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
921	I-Chemical
(	O
NSC	B-Chemical
343499	I-Chemical
)	O
in	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
small	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

CI	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
921	I-Chemical
(	O
NSC	B-Chemical
343499	I-Chemical
;	O
9	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
methylsulphonyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
amino	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
phenyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
amino	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dimethyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acridinecarboxamide	I-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
topoisomerase	O
II	O
poison	O
with	O
high	O
experimental	O
antitumour	O
activity	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
administered	O
by	O
15	O
min	O
infusion	O
to	O
16	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
with	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
small	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
(	O
7	O
with	O
no	O
prior	O
treatment	O
,	O
9	O
patients	O
in	O
relapse	O
following	O
surgery	O
/	O
radiotherapy	O
)	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
(	O
648	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
divided	O
over	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
repeated	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
)	O
determined	O
by	O
phase	O
I	O
trial	O
.	O

Patients	O
had	O
a	O
median	O
performance	O
status	O
of	O
1	O
(	O
WHO	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
median	O
age	O
of	O
61	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
histology	O
comprised	O
squamous	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
11	O
)	O
,	O
adenocarcinoma	B-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
mixed	O
histology	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
bronchio	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
alveolar	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
and	O
large	O
cell	O
undifferentiated	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

Neutropenia	B-Disease
grade	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
3	O
was	O
seen	O
in	O
15	O
patients	O
,	O
infections	B-Disease
with	O
recovery	O
in	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
grand	O
mal	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
1	O
patient	O
.	O

Grade	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
2	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
66	O
%	O
courses	O
and	O
phlebitis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
infusion	O
arm	O
in	O
37	O
%	O
.	O

1	O
patient	O
with	O
squamous	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
achieved	O
a	O
partial	O
response	O
lasting	O
5	O
months	O
.	O

Further	O
testing	O
in	O
this	O
and	O
other	O
tumour	B-Disease
types	O
using	O
multiple	O
daily	O
schedules	O
is	O
warranted	O
.	O

Pharmacokinetics	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
when	O
administered	O
with	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
HCl	I-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
In	O
vitro	O
work	O
has	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
strong	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
cytochrome	O
P450	O
isoenzyme	O
(	O
CYP	O
)	O
2D6	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
on	O
CYP2D6	O
activity	O
,	O
using	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
probe	O
substrate	O
,	O
in	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Seventeen	O
subjects	O
who	O
were	O
genotyped	O
as	O
CYP2D6	O
extensive	O
metabolizers	O
were	O
enrolled	O
in	O
this	O
randomized	O
,	O
open	O
-	O
label	O
,	O
crossover	O
study	O
to	O
receive	O
a	O
single	O
oral	O
dose	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
)	O
on	O
two	O
separate	O
occasions	O
,	O
once	O
alone	O
and	O
once	O
after	O
multiple	O
doses	O
of	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
(	O
90	O
mg	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
)	O
.	O

Blood	O
samples	O
were	O
obtained	O
predose	O
and	O
up	O
to	O
72	O
h	O
postdose	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Fourteen	O
subjects	O
completed	O
both	O
treatment	O
arms	O
.	O

Relative	O
to	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
mean	O
AUC	O
and	O
C	O
(	O
max	O
)	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
increased	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
fold	O
when	O
coadministered	O
with	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
t	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
,	O
z	O
)	O
of	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
was	O
longer	O
when	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
was	O
coadministered	O
with	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
(	O
21	O
.	O
0	O
versus	O
43	O
.	O
3	O
hs	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
t	O
(	O
max	O
)	O
was	O
similar	O
between	O
the	O
regimens	O
.	O

Fewer	O
subjects	O
reported	O
adverse	O
events	O
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
alone	O
than	O
when	O
receiving	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
with	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
(	O
33	O
versus	O
86	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
frequent	O
of	O
which	O
(	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
headache	B-Disease
)	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
for	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
either	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
or	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
strong	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
CYP2D6	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
during	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
cinacalcet	B-Chemical
,	O
dose	O
adjustment	O
may	O
be	O
necessary	O
for	O
drugs	O
that	O
demonstrate	O
a	O
narrow	O
therapeutic	O
index	O
and	O
are	O
metabolized	O
by	O
CYP2D6	O
.	O

Case	O
report	O
:	O
acute	O
unintentional	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Intoxications	O
with	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
muscarinic	O
cholinergic	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
are	O
rare	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
an	O
interesting	O
case	O
investigating	O
a	O
(	O
near	O
)	O
fatal	O
poisoning	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
son	O
of	O
an	O
84	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
discovered	O
a	O
newspaper	O
report	O
stating	O
clinical	O
success	O
with	O
plant	O
extracts	O
in	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
mode	O
of	O
action	O
was	O
said	O
to	O
be	O
comparable	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
synthetic	O
compound	O
'	O
carbamylcholin	B-Chemical
'	O
;	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
.	O

He	O
bought	O
25	O
g	O
of	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
as	O
pure	O
substance	O
in	O
a	O
pharmacy	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
father	O
was	O
administered	O
400	O
to	O
500	O
mg	O
.	O

Carbachol	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
in	O
serum	O
and	O
urine	O
on	O
day	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
of	O
hospital	O
admission	O
were	O
analysed	O
by	O
HPLC	O
-	O
mass	O
spectrometry	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Minutes	O
after	O
oral	O
administration	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
sweating	O
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
finally	O
collapsed	O
.	O

Bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
cholinergic	O
symptoms	O
and	O
asystole	B-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

Initial	O
cardiopulmonary	O
resuscitation	O
and	O
immediate	O
treatment	O
with	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
(	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
atropine	B-Chemical
and	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
was	O
successful	O
.	O

On	O
hospital	O
admission	O
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
of	O
the	O
intubated	O
,	O
bradyarrhythmic	O
patient	O
was	O
100	O
/	O
65	O
mmHg	O
.	O

Further	O
signs	O
were	O
hyperhidrosis	B-Disease
,	O
hypersalivation	B-Disease
,	O
bronchorrhoea	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
severe	O
miosis	B-Disease
;	O
the	O
electrocardiographic	O
finding	O
was	O
atrio	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
dissociation	I-Disease
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
atropine	B-Chemical
(	O
up	O
to	O
50	O
mg	O
per	O
24	O
hours	O
)	O
,	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
and	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
were	O
necessary	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
extubated	O
1	O
week	O
later	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
increased	O
dyspnoea	B-Disease
and	O
bronchospasm	B-Disease
necessitated	O
reintubation	O
.	O

Respiratory	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
was	O
further	O
worsened	O
by	O
Proteus	B-Disease
mirabilis	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
and	O
severe	O
bronchoconstriction	O
.	O

One	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
again	O
extubated	O
and	O
3	O
days	O
later	O
was	O
transferred	O
to	O
a	O
peripheral	O
ward	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
he	O
died	O
,	O
probably	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Serum	O
samples	O
from	O
the	O
first	O
and	O
second	O
days	O
contained	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
/	O
l	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
corresponding	O
urine	O
concentrations	O
amounted	O
to	O
374	O
and	O
554	O
mg	O
/	O
l	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
case	O
started	O
with	O
a	O
media	O
report	O
in	O
a	O
popular	O
newspaper	O
,	O
initiated	O
by	O
published	O
,	O
peer	O
-	O
reviewed	O
research	O
on	O
herbals	O
,	O
and	O
involved	O
human	O
failure	O
in	O
a	O
case	O
history	O
,	O
medical	O
examination	O
and	O
clinical	O
treatment	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
,	O
an	O
analytical	O
method	O
for	O
the	O
determination	O
of	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
in	O
plasma	O
and	O
urine	O
has	O
been	O
developed	O
.	O

The	O
analysed	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
concentration	O
exceeded	O
the	O
supposed	O
serum	O
level	O
resulting	O
from	O
a	O
therapeutic	O
dose	O
by	O
a	O
factor	O
of	O
130	O
to	O
260	O
.	O

Especially	O
in	O
old	O
patients	O
,	O
intensivists	O
should	O
consider	O
intoxications	O
(	O
with	O
cholinergics	O
)	O
as	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
cardiovascular	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Pharmacological	O
evidence	O
for	O
the	O
potential	O
of	O
Daucus	O
carota	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
cognitive	B-Disease
dysfunctions	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
aimed	O
at	O
investigating	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
Daucus	O
carota	O
seeds	O
on	O
cognitive	O
functions	O
,	O
total	O
serum	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
brain	O
cholinesterase	O
activity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
ethanolic	O
extract	B-Chemical
of	I-Chemical
Daucus	I-Chemical
carota	I-Chemical
seeds	I-Chemical
(	O
DCE	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
administered	O
orally	O
in	O
three	O
doses	O
(	O
100	O
,	O
200	O
,	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
for	O
seven	O
successive	O
days	O
to	O
different	O
groups	O
of	O
young	O
and	O
aged	O
mice	O
.	O

Elevated	O
plus	O
maze	O
and	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
apparatus	O
served	O
as	O
the	O
exteroceptive	O
behavioral	O
models	O
for	O
testing	O
memory	O
.	O

Diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
,	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
ageing	O
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
served	O
as	O
the	O
interoceptive	O
behavioral	O
models	O
.	O

DCE	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
,	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
showed	O
significant	O
improvement	O
in	O
memory	O
scores	O
of	O
young	O
and	O
aged	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
of	O
memory	O
improvement	O
evoked	O
by	O
DCE	B-Chemical
was	O
23	O
%	O
at	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
at	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
young	O
mice	O
using	O
elevated	O
plus	O
maze	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
significant	O
improvements	O
in	O
memory	O
scores	O
were	O
observed	O
using	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
apparatus	O
and	O
aged	O
mice	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
DCE	B-Chemical
reversed	O
the	O
amnesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Daucus	B-Chemical
carota	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
(	O
200	O
,	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
reduced	O
significantly	O
the	O
brain	O
acetylcholinesterase	O
activity	O
and	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
young	O
and	O
aged	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
of	O
inhibition	O
of	O
brain	O
cholinesterase	O
activity	O
evoked	O
by	O
DCE	B-Chemical
at	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
400	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
was	O
22	O
%	O
in	O
young	O
and	O
19	O
%	O
in	O
aged	O
mice	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
remarkable	O
reduction	O
in	O
total	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
level	O
as	O
well	O
,	O
to	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
23	O
%	O
in	O
young	O
and	O
21	O
%	O
in	O
aged	O
animals	O
with	O
this	O
dose	O
of	O
DCE	B-Chemical
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
DCE	B-Chemical
may	O
prove	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
remedy	O
for	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
cognitive	B-Disease
dysfunctions	I-Disease
on	O
account	O
of	O
its	O
multifarious	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
memory	O
improving	O
property	O
,	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
lowering	O
property	O
and	O
anticholinesterase	O
activity	O
.	O

Valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
-	O
-	O
19	O
new	O
cases	O
in	O
Germany	O
from	O
1994	O
to	O
2003	O
-	O
-	O
a	O
side	O
effect	O
associated	O
to	O
VPA	B-Chemical
-	O
therapy	O
not	O
only	O
in	O
young	O
children	O
.	O

Valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
VPA	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
broad	O
-	O
spectrum	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
and	O
is	O
usually	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
.	O

Rare	O
serious	O
complications	O
may	O
occur	O
in	O
some	O
patients	O
,	O
including	O
haemorrhagic	O
pancreatitis	B-Disease
,	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
suppression	I-Disease
,	O
VPA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
VPA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
typical	O
signs	O
of	O
VPA	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
are	O
impaired	B-Disease
consciousness	I-Disease
,	O
sometimes	O
marked	O
EEG	O
background	O
slowing	O
,	O
increased	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
,	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
.	O

There	O
is	O
still	O
no	O
proof	O
of	O
causative	O
effect	O
of	O
VPA	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
only	O
of	O
an	O
association	O
with	O
an	O
assumed	O
causal	O
relation	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
19	O
patients	O
with	O
VPA	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
in	O
Germany	O
from	O
the	O
years	O
1994	O
to	O
2003	O
,	O
none	O
of	O
whom	O
had	O
been	O
published	O
previously	O
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interactions	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
frequency	O
,	O
severity	O
and	O
preventability	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhages	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
and	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
drug	O
interactions	O
in	O
patients	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
county	O
of	O
Osterg	O
tland	O
,	O
Sweden	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
All	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
diagnosed	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
at	O
three	O
hospitals	O
during	O
the	O
period	O
2000	O
-	O
2002	O
were	O
identified	O
.	O

Medical	O
records	O
were	O
studied	O
retrospectively	O
to	O
evaluate	O
whether	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
and	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
drug	O
interactions	O
could	O
have	O
caused	O
the	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
proportion	O
of	O
possibly	O
avoidable	O
cases	O
due	O
to	O
drug	O
interactions	O
was	O
estimated	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Among	O
593	O
patients	O
with	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
59	O
(	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
assessed	O
as	O
related	O
to	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

This	O
imply	O
an	O
incidence	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
/	O
100	O
,	O
000	O
treatment	O
years	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
59	O
cases	O
,	O
26	O
(	O
44	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
a	O
fatal	O
outcome	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
136	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
)	O
among	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
patients	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
drug	O
interaction	O
could	O
have	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
haemorrhage	B-Disease
in	O
24	O
(	O
41	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
patients	O
and	O
in	O
7	O
of	O
these	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
the	O
bleeding	B-Disease
complication	O
was	O
considered	O
being	O
possible	O
to	O
avoid	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhages	I-Disease
are	O
a	O
major	O
clinical	O
problem	O
with	O
a	O
high	O
fatality	O
rate	O
.	O

Almost	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
was	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
drug	O
interaction	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
proportion	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhages	I-Disease
might	O
have	O
been	O
prevented	O
if	O
greater	O
caution	O
had	O
been	O
taken	O
when	O
prescribing	O
drugs	O
known	O
to	O
interact	O
with	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
.	O

Antipsychotic	O
-	O
like	O
profile	O
of	O
thioperamide	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
H3	O
-	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Experimental	O
and	O
clinical	O
evidence	O
points	O
to	O
a	O
role	O
of	O
central	O
histaminergic	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
histamine	B-Chemical
H	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
-	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
on	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
climbing	O
behavior	O
and	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
activities	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Catalepsy	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
were	O
used	O
for	O
studying	O
climbing	O
behavior	O
and	O
locomotor	O
activities	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

(	B-Chemical
R	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylhistamine	I-Chemical
(	O
RAMH	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
5	O
microg	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
thioperamide	B-Chemical
(	O
THP	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
per	O
se	O
did	O
not	O
cause	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
THP	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
,	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
1	O
h	O
prior	O
to	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
times	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
RAMH	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reversed	O
such	O
an	O
effect	O
of	O
THP	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

RAMH	B-Chemical
per	O
se	O
showed	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
locomotor	O
time	O
,	O
distance	O
traveled	O
and	O
average	O
speed	O
but	O
THP	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
per	O
se	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
these	O
parameters	O
.	O

On	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
,	O
THP	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
and	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
reduced	O
locomotor	O
time	O
,	O
distance	O
traveled	O
and	O
average	O
speed	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
RAMH	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
microg	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
could	O
partially	O
reverse	O
such	O
effects	O
of	O
THP	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Climbing	O
behavior	O
induced	O
by	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
THP	B-Chemical
.	O

Such	O
an	O
effect	O
was	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
reversed	O
in	O
presence	O
of	O
RAMH	B-Chemical
.	O

THP	B-Chemical
exhibited	O
an	O
antipsychotic	O
-	O
like	O
profile	O
by	O
potentiating	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
,	O
reducing	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
and	O
reducing	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
climbing	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Such	O
effects	O
of	O
THP	B-Chemical
were	O
reversed	O
by	O
RAMH	B-Chemical
indicating	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
histamine	B-Chemical
H	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
-	O
receptors	O
.	O

Findings	O
suggest	O
a	O
potential	O
for	O
H	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
-	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
in	O
improving	O
the	O
refractory	O
cases	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

Cauda	B-Disease
equina	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
after	O
epidural	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injection	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Conventional	O
treatment	O
methods	O
of	O
lumbusacral	O
radiculopathy	B-Disease
are	O
physical	O
therapy	O
,	O
epidural	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injections	O
,	O
oral	O
medications	O
,	O
and	O
spinal	O
manipulative	O
therapy	O
.	O

Cauda	B-Disease
equina	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
of	O
epidural	O
anesthesia	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
case	O
is	O
a	O
report	O
of	O
cauda	B-Disease
equina	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
possibly	O
caused	O
by	O
epidural	O
injection	O
of	O
triamcinolone	B-Chemical
and	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

CLINICAL	O
FEATURES	O
:	O
A	O
50	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
low	B-Disease
back	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
right	I-Disease
leg	I-Disease
pain	I-Disease
was	O
scheduled	O
for	O
epidural	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

INTERVENTION	O
AND	O
OUTCOME	O
:	O
An	O
18	O
-	O
gauge	O
Touhy	O
needle	O
was	O
inserted	O
until	O
loss	O
of	O
resistance	O
occurred	O
at	O
the	O
L4	O
-	O
5	O
level	O
.	O

Spread	O
of	O
the	O
contrast	O
medium	O
within	O
the	O
epidural	O
space	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
radiographic	O
imaging	O
.	O

After	O
verifying	O
the	O
epidural	O
space	O
,	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
and	O
triamcinolone	B-Chemical
diacetate	I-Chemical
were	O
injected	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
injection	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
radicular	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Three	O
hours	O
later	O
,	O
she	O
complained	O
of	O
perineal	O
numbness	B-Disease
and	O
lower	B-Disease
extremity	I-Disease
weakness	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
neurologic	O
evaluation	O
revealed	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
sensation	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
saddle	O
area	O
and	O
medial	O
aspect	O
of	O
her	O
right	O
leg	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
perception	O
of	O
pinprick	O
test	O
.	O

Deep	O
-	O
tendon	O
reflexes	O
were	O
decreased	O
especially	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
leg	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
unable	O
to	O
urinate	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
symptoms	O
improved	O
slightly	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
hours	O
.	O

She	O
had	O
a	O
gradual	O
return	O
of	O
motor	O
function	O
and	O
ability	O
of	O
feeling	O
Foley	O
catheter	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
the	O
symptoms	O
were	O
completely	O
resolved	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
8	O
hours	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Complications	O
associated	O
with	O
epidural	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injections	O
are	O
rare	O
.	O

Clinical	O
examination	O
and	O
continued	O
vigilance	O
for	O
neurologic	B-Disease
deterioration	I-Disease
after	O
epidural	O
steroid	B-Chemical
injections	O
is	O
important	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
in	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
study	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
effects	O
of	O
androgen	O
treatment	O
on	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
in	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
study	O
in	O
513	O
naturally	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
aged	O
54	O
-	O
67	O
years	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
self	O
-	O
reported	O
intramuscularly	O
administered	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
(	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
testosterone	I-Chemical
esters	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
aortic	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
.	O

Aortic	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	O
by	O
radiographic	O
detection	O
of	O
calcified	O
deposits	O
in	O
the	O
abdominal	O
aorta	O
,	O
which	O
have	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
reflect	O
intima	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
.	O

Hormone	O
therapy	O
users	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
never	O
users	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Intramuscular	O
hormone	O
therapy	O
use	O
for	O
1	O
year	O
or	O
longer	O
was	O
reported	O
by	O
25	O
women	O
.	O

In	O
almost	O
half	O
of	O
these	O
women	O
severe	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
aorta	O
was	O
present	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
11	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
in	O
women	O
without	O
hormone	O
use	O
severe	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
aorta	O
was	O
present	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
20	O
%	O
(	O
OR	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
adjusted	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
years	O
since	O
menopause	O
,	O
smoking	O
,	O
and	O
body	O
mass	O
index	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
association	O
remained	O
after	O
additional	O
adjustment	O
for	O
diabetes	B-Disease
,	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
level	O
,	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
or	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

No	O
association	O
was	O
found	O
for	O
hormone	O
use	O
less	O
than	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
may	O
adversely	O
affect	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
in	O
postmenopausal	O
women	O
and	O
indicate	O
that	O
androgen	O
replacement	O
in	O
these	O
women	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
harmless	O
.	O

Optimising	O
stroke	B-Disease
prevention	O
in	O
non	O
-	O
valvular	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
.	O

Atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
substantial	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
.	O

Pooled	O
data	O
from	O
trials	O
comparing	O
antithrombotic	O
treatment	O
with	O
placebo	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
reduces	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
stroke	B-Disease
by	O
62	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
alone	O
reduces	O
the	O
risk	O
by	O
22	O
%	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
in	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
,	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
is	O
superior	O
to	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
in	O
preventing	O
strokes	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
a	O
relative	O
risk	O
reduction	O
of	O
36	O
%	O
.	O

Ximelagatran	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
oral	O
direct	O
thrombin	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
as	O
efficient	O
as	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
K	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
drugs	O
in	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
embolic	B-Disease
events	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
has	O
been	O
recently	O
withdrawn	O
because	O
of	O
abnormal	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
tests	O
.	O

The	O
ACTIVE	O
-	O
W	O
(	O
Atrial	B-Disease
Fibrillation	I-Disease
Clopidogrel	B-Chemical
Trial	O
with	O
Irbesartan	B-Chemical
for	O
Prevention	O
of	O
Vascular	O
Events	O
)	O
study	O
has	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
is	O
superior	O
to	O
platelet	O
therapy	O
(	O
clopidogrel	B-Chemical
plus	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
the	O
prevention	O
af	O
embolic	B-Disease
events	I-Disease
.	O

Idraparinux	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
Factor	O
Xa	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
is	O
being	O
evaluated	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
.	O

Angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitors	O
and	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
-	O
blocking	O
drugs	O
hold	O
promise	O
in	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
through	O
cardiac	B-Disease
remodelling	I-Disease
.	O

Preliminary	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
statins	B-Chemical
could	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
recurrence	O
after	O
electrical	O
cardioversion	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
percutaneous	O
methods	O
for	O
the	O
exclusion	O
of	O
left	O
atrial	O
appendage	O
are	O
under	O
investigation	O
in	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
.	O

Anti	O
-	O
oxidant	O
effects	O
of	O
atorvastatin	B-Chemical
in	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

1	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
Dex	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
endothelial	O
dysfunction	O
associated	O
with	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
(	O
NO	B-Chemical
)	O
deficiency	O
and	O
increased	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
(	O
O2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
)	O
production	O
.	O

Atorvastatin	B-Chemical
(	O
Ato	B-Chemical
)	O
possesses	O
pleiotropic	O
properties	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
improve	O
endothelial	O
function	O
through	O
increased	O
availability	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
and	O
reduced	O
O2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
production	O
in	O
various	O
forms	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
whether	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
,	O
Ato	B-Chemical
could	O
prevent	O
endothelial	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
eNOS	O
)	O
downregulation	O
and	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
O2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
in	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
(	O
SD	O
)	O
rats	O
,	O
thereby	O
reducing	O
blood	O
pressure	O
.	O

2	O
.	O

Male	O
SD	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
30	O
)	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
Ato	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
in	O
drinking	O
water	O
)	O
or	O
tap	O
water	O
for	O
15	O
days	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
or	O
saline	O
was	O
started	O
after	O
4	O
days	O
in	O
Ato	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
and	O
continued	O
for	O
11	O
-	O
13	O
days	O
.	O

Systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
was	O
measured	O
on	O
alternate	O
days	O
using	O
the	O
tail	O
-	O
cuff	O
method	O
.	O

Endothelial	O
function	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vasorelaxation	O
and	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vasoconstriction	O
in	O
aortic	O
segments	O
.	O

Vascular	O
eNOS	O
mRNA	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
reverse	O
transcription	O
-	O
polymerase	O
chain	O
reaction	O
.	O

3	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
Dex	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
SBP	O
was	O
increased	O
from	O
109	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
to	O
133	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
mmHg	O
on	O
Days	O
4	O
and	O
Day	O
14	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
Ato	B-Chemical
+	O
Dex	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
SBP	O
was	O
increased	O
from	O
113	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
to	O
119	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
mmHg	O
on	O
Days	O
4	O
to	O
14	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
SBP	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
Dex	B-Chemical
alone	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Endothelial	O
-	O
dependent	O
relaxation	O
and	O
eNOS	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
were	O
greater	O
in	O
the	O
Dex	B-Chemical
+	O
Ato	B-Chemical
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
Dex	B-Chemical
only	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
and	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Aortic	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
production	O
was	O
lower	O
in	O
the	O
Dex	B-Chemical
+	O
Ato	B-Chemical
group	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
Dex	B-Chemical
alone	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

4	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
Ato	B-Chemical
improved	O
endothelial	O
function	O
,	O
reduced	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
production	O
and	O
reduced	O
SBP	O
in	O
Dex	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
SD	O
rats	O
.	O

Severe	O
citrate	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
complicating	O
volunteer	O
apheresis	O
platelet	O
donation	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
severe	O
citrate	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
during	O
volunteer	O
donor	O
apheresis	O
platelet	O
collection	O
.	O

The	O
donor	O
was	O
a	O
40	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
,	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
apheresis	O
platelet	O
donor	O
.	O

Past	O
medical	O
history	O
was	O
remarkable	O
for	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
hyperlipidemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
depression	B-Disease
.	O

Reported	O
medications	O
included	O
bumetanide	B-Chemical
,	O
pravastatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

Thirty	O
minutes	O
from	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
procedure	O
,	O
the	O
donor	O
noted	O
tingling	O
around	O
the	O
mouth	O
,	O
hands	O
,	O
and	O
feet	O
.	O

She	O
then	O
very	O
rapidly	O
developed	O
acute	O
onset	O
of	O
severe	O
facial	O
and	O
extremity	O
tetany	B-Disease
.	O

Empirical	O
treatment	O
with	O
intravenous	O
calcium	B-Chemical
gluconate	I-Chemical
was	O
initiated	O
,	O
and	O
muscle	B-Disease
contractions	I-Disease
slowly	O
subsided	O
over	O
approximately	O
10	O
to	O
15	O
minutes	O
.	O

The	O
events	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
a	O
severe	O
reaction	O
to	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chelation	O
by	O
sodium	B-Chemical
citrate	I-Chemical
anticoagulant	O
resulting	O
in	O
symptomatic	O
systemic	O
hypocalcemia	B-Disease
.	O

Upon	O
additional	O
retrospective	O
analysis	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
noted	O
that	O
bumetanide	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
loop	B-Chemical
diuretic	I-Chemical
that	O
may	O
cause	O
significant	O
hypocalcemia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
careful	O
screening	O
for	O
medications	O
and	O
underlying	O
conditions	O
predisposing	O
to	O
hypocalcemia	B-Disease
is	O
recommended	O
to	O
help	O
prevent	O
severe	O
reactions	O
due	O
to	O
citrate	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Laboratory	O
measurement	O
of	O
pre	O
-	O
procedure	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
selected	O
donors	O
may	O
identify	O
cases	O
requiring	O
heightened	O
vigilance	O
.	O

The	O
case	O
also	O
illustrates	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
maintaining	O
preparedness	O
for	O
managing	O
rare	O
but	O
serious	O
reactions	O
in	O
volunteer	O
apheresis	O
blood	O
donors	O
.	O

Sirolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Sirolimus	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
novel	O
immunosuppressant	O
with	O
potent	O
antiproliferative	O
actions	O
through	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
inhibit	O
the	O
raptor	O
-	O
containing	O
mammalian	O
target	O
of	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
protein	O
kinase	O
.	O

Sirolimus	B-Chemical
represents	O
a	O
major	O
therapeutic	O
advance	O
in	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
acute	O
renal	O
allograft	O
rejection	O
and	O
chronic	O
allograft	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Its	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
therapy	O
of	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
,	O
autoimmunity	B-Disease
,	O
cystic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
is	O
under	O
investigation	O
.	O

Because	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
share	O
the	O
vasomotor	O
renal	O
adverse	O
effects	O
exhibited	O
by	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
designated	O
a	O
'	O
non	O
-	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
drug	O
'	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
clinical	O
reports	O
suggest	O
that	O
,	O
under	O
some	O
circumstances	O
,	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
common	O
risk	O
factor	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
presence	O
of	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
are	O
multifactorial	O
and	O
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
glomerular	O
capillary	O
pressure	O
following	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
suggested	O
that	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
directly	O
causes	O
increased	O
glomerular	O
permeability	O
/	O
injury	O
,	O
but	O
evidence	O
for	O
this	O
mechanism	O
is	O
currently	O
inconclusive	O
.	O

The	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
such	O
as	O
in	O
delayed	O
graft	O
function	O
)	O
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
suppression	O
of	O
compensatory	O
renal	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
and	O
survival	O
/	O
repair	O
processes	O
.	O

Although	O
these	O
adverse	O
effects	O
occur	O
in	O
some	O
patients	O
,	O
their	O
occurrence	O
could	O
be	O
minimised	O
by	O
knowledge	O
of	O
the	O
molecular	O
effects	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
kidney	O
,	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
appropriate	O
patient	O
populations	O
,	O
close	O
monitoring	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitors	O
or	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
blockers	O
if	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
occurs	O
and	O
withdrawal	O
if	O
needed	O
.	O

Further	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
analysis	O
of	O
renal	O
allograft	O
studies	O
using	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
as	O
de	O
novo	O
immunosuppression	O
along	O
with	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
studies	O
will	O
refine	O
these	O
issues	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
conversion	O
to	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
.	O

Sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
SRL	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
new	O
,	O
potent	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
.	O

More	O
recently	O
,	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
mechanism	O
has	O
remained	O
unclear	O
.	O

We	O
retrospectively	O
examined	O
the	O
records	O
of	O
25	O
renal	O
transplant	O
patients	O
,	O
who	O
developed	O
or	O
displayed	O
increased	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
SRL	B-Chemical
conversion	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
cohort	O
(	O
14	O
men	O
,	O
11	O
women	O
)	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
SRL	B-Chemical
as	O
conversion	O
therapy	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
chronic	B-Disease
allograft	I-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
(	O
CAN	B-Disease
)	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
15	O
)	O
neoplasia	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
)	O
;	O
Kaposi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
sarcoma	I-Disease
,	O
Four	O
skin	B-Disease
cancers	I-Disease
,	O
One	O
intestinal	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
,	O
One	O
renal	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carsinom	I-Disease
)	O
or	O
BK	O
virus	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

SRL	B-Chemical
was	O
started	O
at	O
a	O
mean	O
of	O
78	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
42	O
(	O
15	O
to	O
163	O
)	O
months	O
after	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Mean	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
on	O
SRL	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
20	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
(	O
6	O
to	O
43	O
)	O
months	O
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
increased	O
from	O
0	O
.	O
445	O
(	O
0	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
g	O
/	O
d	O
before	O
conversion	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
to	O
12	O
)	O
after	O
conversion	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Before	O
conversion	O
8	O
(	O
32	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
had	O
no	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
afterwards	O
all	O
patients	O
had	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
28	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
whereas	O
it	O
increased	O
in	O
68	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

In	O
40	O
%	O
it	O
increased	O
by	O
more	O
than	O
100	O
%	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
eight	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
showed	O
increased	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
to	O
the	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
range	O
.	O

Biopsies	O
performed	O
in	O
five	O
patients	O
revealed	O
new	O
pathological	O
changes	O
:	O
One	O
membranoproliferative	B-Disease
glomerulopathy	I-Disease
and	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
patients	O
showed	O
persistently	O
good	O
graft	O
function	O
.	O

Serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
values	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
significantly	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
98	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
before	O
SRL	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
53	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
at	O
last	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
14	O
)	O
.	O

Five	O
grafts	O
were	O
lost	O
and	O
the	O
patients	O
returned	O
to	O
dialysis	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
displayed	O
CAN	B-Disease
and	O
Kaposi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
sarcoma	I-Disease
.	O

Mean	O
urinary	O
protein	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
returned	O
to	O
dialysis	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
26	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
g	O
/	O
d	O
before	O
and	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
(	O
3	O
to	O
12	O
)	O
g	O
/	O
d	O
after	O
conversion	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Mean	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
level	O
before	O
conversion	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
21	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
and	O
thereafter	O
,	O
4	O
.	O
93	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

Heavy	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
common	O
after	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
SRL	B-Chemical
as	O
rescue	O
therapy	O
for	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
conversion	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
for	O
patients	O
who	O
have	O
not	O
developed	O
advanced	O
CAN	B-Disease
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
de	O
novo	O
glomerular	O
pathology	O
under	O
SRL	B-Chemical
treatment	O
requires	O
further	O
investigation	O
by	O
renal	O
biopsy	O
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
children	O
treated	O
for	O
malignant	B-Disease
mesenchymal	I-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
:	O
an	O
International	O
Society	O
of	O
Pediatric	O
Oncology	O
report	O
.	O

The	O
renal	O
function	O
of	O
74	O
children	O
with	O
malignant	B-Disease
mesenchymal	I-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
in	O
complete	O
remission	O
and	O
who	O
have	O
received	O
the	O
same	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
protocol	O
(	O
International	O
Society	O
of	O
Pediatric	O
Oncology	O
Malignant	B-Disease
Mesenchymal	I-Disease
Tumor	I-Disease
Study	O
84	O
[	O
SIOP	O
MMT	O
84	O
]	O
)	O
were	O
studied	O
1	O
year	O
after	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Total	O
cumulative	O
doses	O
were	O
36	O
or	O
60	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
(	O
six	O
or	O
10	O
cycles	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
vincristine	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
dactinomycin	I-Chemical
[	O
IVA	B-Chemical
]	O
)	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
them	O
had	O
received	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Ages	O
ranged	O
from	O
4	O
months	O
to	O
17	O
years	O
;	O
58	O
patients	O
were	O
males	O
and	O
42	O
females	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
primary	O
tumor	B-Disease
site	O
was	O
the	O
head	O
and	O
neck	O
.	O

Renal	O
function	O
was	O
investigated	O
by	O
measuring	O
plasma	O
and	O
urinary	O
electrolytes	O
,	O
glucosuria	B-Disease
,	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
aminoaciduria	B-Disease
,	O
urinary	O
pH	O
,	O
osmolarity	O
,	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
,	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
tubular	O
reabsorption	O
,	O
beta	O
2	O
microglobulinuria	O
,	O
and	O
lysozymuria	O
.	O

Fifty	O
-	O
eight	O
patients	O
(	O
78	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
normal	O
renal	O
tests	O
,	O
whereas	O
16	O
patients	O
(	O
22	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
renal	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

Two	O
subsets	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
identified	O
from	O
this	O
latter	O
group	O
:	O
the	O
first	O
included	O
four	O
patients	O
(	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
population	O
)	O
who	O
developed	O
major	O
toxicity	B-Disease
resulting	O
in	O
Fanconi	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
TDFS	B-Disease
)	O
;	O
and	O
the	O
second	O
group	O
included	O
five	O
patients	O
with	O
elevated	O
beta	O
2	O
microglobulinuria	O
and	O
low	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
reabsorption	O
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
seven	O
patients	O
had	O
isolated	O
beta	O
2	O
microglobulinuria	O
.	O

Severe	O
toxicity	B-Disease
was	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
higher	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
60	O
g	O
/	O
m2	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
younger	O
age	O
(	O
less	O
than	O
2	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
years	O
old	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
predominance	O
of	O
vesicoprostatic	O
tumor	B-Disease
involvement	O
.	O

This	O
low	O
percentage	O
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
TDFS	O
must	O
be	O
evaluated	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
mesenchymal	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
in	O
children	O
.	O

Progressive	O
myopathy	B-Disease
with	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
MHC	O
-	O
I	O
associated	O
with	O
statin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Statins	B-Chemical
can	O
cause	O
a	O
necrotizing	O
myopathy	B-Disease
and	O
hyperCKaemia	B-Disease
which	O
is	O
reversible	O
on	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

What	O
is	O
less	O
well	O
known	O
is	O
a	O
phenomenon	O
whereby	O
statins	B-Chemical
may	O
induce	O
a	O
myopathy	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
persists	O
or	O
may	O
progress	O
after	O
stopping	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
muscle	O
pathology	O
in	O
8	O
such	O
cases	O
.	O

All	O
had	O
myofibre	O
necrosis	B-Disease
but	O
only	O
3	O
had	O
an	O
inflammatory	O
infiltrate	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
cases	O
there	O
was	O
diffuse	O
or	O
multifocal	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
MHC	O
-	O
I	O
expression	O
even	O
in	O
non	O
-	O
necrotic	B-Disease
fibres	O
.	O

Progressive	O
improvement	O
occurred	O
in	O
7	O
cases	O
after	O
commencement	O
of	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
and	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
in	O
one	O
case	O
spontaneously	O
.	O

These	O
observations	O
suggest	O
that	O
statins	B-Chemical
may	O
initiate	O
an	O
immune	O
-	O
mediated	O
myopathy	B-Disease
that	O
persists	O
after	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
and	O
responds	O
to	O
immunosuppressive	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
this	O
myopathy	B-Disease
is	O
uncertain	O
but	O
may	O
involve	O
the	O
induction	O
by	O
statins	B-Chemical
of	O
an	O
endoplasmic	O
reticulum	O
stress	O
response	O
with	O
associated	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
MHC	O
-	O
I	O
expression	O
and	O
antigen	O
presentation	O
by	O
muscle	O
fibres	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
chromosome	O
substitution	O
strains	O
to	O
identify	O
seizure	B-Disease
susceptibility	O
loci	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Seizure	B-Disease
susceptibility	O
varies	O
among	O
inbred	O
mouse	O
strains	O
.	O

Chromosome	O
substitution	O
strains	O
(	O
CSS	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
a	O
single	O
chromosome	O
from	O
one	O
inbred	O
strain	O
(	O
donor	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
transferred	O
onto	O
a	O
second	O
strain	O
(	O
host	O
)	O
by	O
repeated	O
backcrossing	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
identify	O
quantitative	O
trait	O
loci	O
(	O
QTLs	O
)	O
that	O
contribute	O
to	O
seizure	B-Disease
susceptibility	O
.	O

QTLs	O
for	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
,	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
,	O
and	O
CSS	O
have	O
not	O
previously	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
localize	O
seizure	B-Disease
susceptibility	O
genes	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
QTLs	O
identified	O
using	O
a	O
B6	O
(	O
host	O
)	O
x	O
A	O
/	O
J	O
(	O
donor	O
)	O
CSS	O
panel	O
to	O
localize	O
genes	O
involved	O
in	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Three	O
hundred	O
fifty	O
-	O
five	O
adult	O
male	O
CSS	O
mice	O
,	O
58	O
B6	O
,	O
and	O
39	O
A	O
/	O
J	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Highest	O
stage	O
reached	O
and	O
latency	O
to	O
each	O
stage	O
were	O
recorded	O
for	O
all	O
mice	O
.	O

B6	O
mice	O
were	O
resistant	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
slower	O
to	O
reach	O
stages	O
compared	O
to	O
A	O
/	O
J	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
CSS	O
for	O
Chromosomes	O
10	O
and	O
18	O
progressed	O
to	O
the	O
most	O
severe	O
stages	O
,	O
diverging	O
dramatically	O
from	O
the	O
B6	O
phenotype	O
.	O

Latencies	O
to	O
stages	O
were	O
also	O
significantly	O
shorter	O
for	O
CSS10	O
and	O
CSS18	O
mice	O
.	O

CSS	O
mapping	O
suggests	O
seizure	B-Disease
susceptibility	O
loci	O
on	O
mouse	O
Chromosomes	O
10	O
and	O
18	O
.	O

This	O
approach	O
provides	O
a	O
framework	O
for	O
identifying	O
potentially	O
novel	O
homologous	O
candidate	O
genes	O
for	O
human	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
vitro	O
characterization	O
of	O
parasympathetic	O
and	O
sympathetic	O
responses	O
in	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

In	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
,	O
detrusor	O
function	O
is	O
impaired	O
and	O
the	O
expression	O
and	O
effects	O
of	O
muscarinic	O
receptors	O
altered	O
.	O

Whether	O
or	O
not	O
the	O
neuronal	O
transmission	O
may	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
cystitis	B-Disease
was	O
presently	O
investigated	O
.	O

Responses	O
of	O
urinary	O
strip	O
preparations	O
from	O
control	O
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
to	O
electrical	O
field	O
stimulation	O
and	O
to	O
agonists	O
were	O
assessed	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
and	O
presence	O
of	O
muscarinic	O
,	O
adrenergic	O
and	O
purinergic	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
.	O

Generally	O
,	O
atropine	B-Chemical
reduced	O
contractions	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
controls	O
,	O
it	O
also	O
reduced	O
responses	O
to	O
low	O
electrical	O
field	O
stimulation	O
intensity	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
5	O
Hz	O
)	O
in	O
inflamed	O
preparations	O
.	O

In	O
both	O
types	O
,	O
purinoceptor	O
desensitization	O
with	O
alpha	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylene	I-Chemical
adenosine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
triphosphate	I-Chemical
(	O
alpha	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
meATP	I-Chemical
)	O
caused	O
further	O
reductions	O
at	O
low	O
frequencies	O
(	O
<	O
10	O
Hz	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
muscarinic	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
atropine	B-Chemical
,	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diphenylacetoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylpiperidine	I-Chemical
(	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DAMP	I-Chemical
)	O
(	O
'	O
M	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
/	O
M	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
/	O
M	O
(	O
5	O
)	O
-	O
selective	O
'	O
)	O
,	O
methoctramine	B-Chemical
(	O
'	O
M	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
-	O
selective	O
'	O
)	O
and	O
pirenzepine	B-Chemical
(	O
'	O
M	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
-	O
selective	O
'	O
)	O
antagonized	O
the	O
tonic	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
electrical	O
field	O
stimulation	O
-	O
evoked	O
contractile	O
response	O
more	O
potently	O
than	O
the	O
phasic	O
component	O
.	O

4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DAMP	I-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
tonic	O
contractions	O
in	O
controls	O
more	O
potently	O
than	O
methoctramine	B-Chemical
and	O
pirenzepine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
inflamed	O
preparations	O
,	O
the	O
muscarinic	O
receptor	O
antagonism	O
on	O
the	O
phasic	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
electrical	O
field	O
stimulation	O
-	O
evoked	O
contraction	O
was	O
decreased	O
and	O
the	O
pirenzepine	B-Chemical
and	O
4	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DAMP	I-Chemical
antagonism	O
on	O
the	O
tonic	O
component	O
was	O
much	O
less	O
efficient	O
than	O
in	O
controls	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
controls	O
,	O
methoctramine	B-Chemical
increased	O
-	O
-	O
instead	O
of	O
decreased	O
-	O
-	O
the	O
tonic	O
responses	O
at	O
high	O
frequencies	O
.	O

While	O
contractions	O
to	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
and	O
ATP	B-Chemical
were	O
the	O
same	O
in	O
inflamed	O
and	O
in	O
control	O
strips	O
when	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
reference	O
potassium	B-Chemical
response	O
,	O
isoprenaline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
relaxations	O
were	O
smaller	O
in	O
inflamed	O
strips	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
in	O
cystitis	B-Disease
substantial	O
changes	O
of	O
the	O
efferent	O
functional	O
responses	O
occur	O
.	O

While	O
postjunctional	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
-	O
mediated	O
relaxations	O
are	O
reduced	O
,	O
effects	O
by	O
prejunctional	O
inhibitory	O
muscarinic	O
receptors	O
may	O
be	O
increased	O
.	O

Direct	O
inhibition	O
of	O
cardiac	O
hyperpolarization	O
-	O
activated	O
cyclic	B-Chemical
nucleotide	I-Chemical
-	O
gated	O
pacemaker	O
channels	O
by	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Inhibition	O
of	O
cardiac	O
sympathetic	O
tone	O
represents	O
an	O
important	O
strategy	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
,	O
coronary	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
chronic	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Activation	O
of	O
presynaptic	O
alpha2	O
-	O
adrenoceptors	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
widely	O
accepted	O
mechanism	O
of	O
action	O
of	O
the	O
antisympathetic	O
drug	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
;	O
however	O
,	O
other	O
target	O
proteins	O
have	O
been	O
postulated	O
to	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
actions	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

METHODS	O
AND	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
To	O
test	O
whether	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
elicits	O
pharmacological	O
effects	O
independent	O
of	O
alpha2	O
-	O
adrenoceptors	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
generated	O
mice	O
with	O
a	O
targeted	O
deletion	O
of	O
all	O
3	O
alpha2	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
subtypes	O
(	O
alpha2ABC	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
.	O

Alpha2ABC	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
were	O
completely	O
unresponsive	O
to	O
the	O
analgesic	O
and	O
hypnotic	O
effects	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
;	O
however	O
,	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
lowered	O
heart	O
rate	O
in	O
alpha2ABC	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
by	O
up	O
to	O
150	O
bpm	O
.	O

Clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
alpha2ABC	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
was	O
32	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
(	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
26	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
(	O
100	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
effect	O
in	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
mice	O
.	O

A	O
similar	O
bradycardic	O
effect	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
was	O
observed	O
in	O
isolated	O
spontaneously	O
beating	O
right	O
atria	O
from	O
alpha2ABC	O
-	O
knockout	O
and	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
mice	O
.	O

Clonidine	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
native	O
pacemaker	O
current	O
(	O
I	O
(	O
f	O
)	O
)	O
in	O
isolated	O
sinoatrial	O
node	O
pacemaker	O
cells	O
and	O
the	O
I	O
(	O
f	O
)	O
-	O
generating	O
hyperpolarization	O
-	O
activated	O
cyclic	B-Chemical
nucleotide	I-Chemical
-	O
gated	O
(	O
HCN	O
)	O
2	O
and	O
HCN4	O
channels	O
in	O
transfected	O
HEK293	O
cells	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
blocking	O
I	O
(	O
f	O
)	O
,	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
slope	O
of	O
the	O
diastolic	O
depolarization	O
and	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
pacemaker	O
potentials	O
in	O
sinoatrial	O
node	O
cells	O
from	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
and	O
alpha2ABC	O
-	O
knockout	O
mice	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Direct	O
inhibition	O
of	O
cardiac	O
HCN	O
pacemaker	O
channels	O
contributes	O
to	O
the	O
bradycardic	O
effects	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
gene	O
-	O
targeted	O
mice	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
and	O
thus	O
,	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
like	O
drugs	O
represent	O
novel	O
structures	O
for	O
future	O
HCN	O
channel	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

Granulomatous	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
combination	B-Chemical
of	I-Chemical
amoxicillin	I-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
clavulanic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
amoxicillin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
clavulanic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
with	O
histologic	O
multiple	O
granulomas	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
type	O
of	O
lesion	O
broadens	O
the	O
spectrum	O
of	O
liver	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
this	O
drug	O
combination	O
,	O
mainly	O
represented	O
by	O
a	O
benign	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
association	O
of	O
granulomas	B-Disease
and	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
favor	O
an	O
immunoallergic	O
mechanism	O
.	O

As	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
derivatives	O
and	O
amoxicillin	B-Chemical
alone	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
induce	O
such	O
types	O
of	O
lesions	O
,	O
the	O
amoxicillin	B-Chemical
component	O
,	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
a	O
potentiating	O
effect	O
of	O
clavulanic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
might	O
have	O
a	O
major	O
role	O
.	O

Dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
echocardiography	O
:	O
a	O
sensitive	O
indicator	O
of	O
diminished	O
myocardial	O
function	O
in	O
asymptomatic	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
survivors	O
of	O
childhood	O
cancer	B-Disease
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
effective	O
anticancer	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agent	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
develop	O
a	O
more	O
sensitive	O
echocardiographic	O
screening	O
test	O
for	O
cardiac	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
cohort	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
using	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
to	O
differentiate	O
asymptomatic	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
survivors	O
of	O
childhood	O
cancer	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
from	O
healthy	O
control	O
subjects	O
.	O

Echocardiographic	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
experimental	O
group	O
of	O
21	O
patients	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
16	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
years	O
)	O
treated	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
(	O
median	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
)	O
before	O
this	O
study	O
with	O
27	O
to	O
532	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
mean	O
196	O
)	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
echocardiographic	O
data	O
from	O
12	O
normal	O
age	O
-	O
matched	O
control	O
subjects	O
.	O

Graded	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
infusions	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
5	O
and	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
min	O
were	O
administered	O
.	O

Echocardiographic	O
Doppler	O
studies	O
were	O
performed	O
before	O
infusion	O
and	O
after	O
15	O
min	O
of	O
infusion	O
at	O
each	O
rate	O
.	O

Dobutamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
at	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
min	O
was	O
discontinued	O
after	O
six	O
studies	O
secondary	O
to	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
incidence	O
rate	O
of	O
adverse	O
symptoms	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
important	O
findings	O
were	O
that	O
compared	O
with	O
values	O
in	O
control	O
subjects	O
,	O
end	O
-	O
systolic	O
left	O
ventricular	O
posterior	O
wall	O
dimension	O
and	O
percent	O
of	O
left	O
ventricular	O
posterior	O
wall	O
thickening	O
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
were	O
decreased	O
at	O
baseline	O
study	O
and	O
these	O
findings	O
were	O
more	O
clearly	O
delineated	O
with	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stimulation	O
.	O

End	O
-	O
systolic	O
left	O
ventricular	O
posterior	O
wall	O
dimension	O
at	O
baseline	O
for	O
the	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
was	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
mm	O
versus	O
13	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mm	O
for	O
control	O
subjects	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

End	O
-	O
systolic	O
left	O
ventricular	O
posterior	O
wall	O
dimension	O
at	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
min	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
for	O
the	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
was	O
14	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
mm	O
versus	O
19	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
mm	O
for	O
control	O
subjects	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Influence	O
of	O
smoking	B-Chemical
on	O
developing	O
cochlea	O
.	O

Does	O
smoking	B-Chemical
during	O
pregnancy	O
affect	O
the	O
amplitudes	O
of	O
transient	O
evoked	O
otoacoustic	O
emissions	O
in	O
newborns	O
?	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Maternal	O
tobacco	O
smoking	B-Chemical
has	O
negative	O
effects	O
on	O
fetal	O
growth	O
.	O

The	O
influence	O
of	O
smoking	B-Chemical
during	O
pregnancy	O
on	O
the	O
developing	O
cochlea	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
estimated	O
,	O
although	O
smoking	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
positively	O
associated	O
with	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
adults	O
.	O

The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
maternal	O
smoking	B-Chemical
on	O
transient	O
evoked	O
otoacoustic	O
emissions	O
(	O
TEOAEs	O
)	O
of	O
healthy	O
neonates	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
neonatal	O
screening	O
for	O
hearing	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
and	O
involved	O
both	O
ears	O
of	O
200	O
newborns	O
.	O

Newborns	O
whose	O
mothers	O
reported	O
smoking	B-Chemical
during	O
pregnancy	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
200	O
ears	O
)	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
of	O
newborns	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
200	O
ears	O
)	O
,	O
whose	O
mothers	O
were	O
non	O
-	O
smokers	O
.	O

Exposure	O
to	O
tobacco	O
was	O
characterized	O
as	O
low	O
(	O
<	O
5	O
cigarettes	O
per	O
day	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
88	O
ears	O
)	O
,	O
moderate	O
(	O
5	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
cigarettes	O
per	O
day	O
<	O
10	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
76	O
)	O
or	O
high	O
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
10	O
cigarettes	O
per	O
day	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
36	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
In	O
exposed	O
neonates	O
,	O
TEOAEs	O
mean	O
response	O
(	O
across	O
frequency	O
)	O
and	O
mean	O
amplitude	O
at	O
4000Hz	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
in	O
non	O
-	O
exposed	O
neonates	O
.	O

Comparisons	O
between	O
exposed	O
newborns	O
'	O
subgroups	O
revealed	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
by	O
comparing	O
each	O
subgroup	O
to	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
statistically	O
significant	O
decreases	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
TEOAEs	I-Disease
amplitudes	I-Disease
at	O
4000Hz	O
for	O
all	O
three	O
groups	O
.	O

Mean	O
TEOAEs	O
responses	O
of	O
highly	O
exposed	O
newborns	O
were	O
also	O
significantly	O
lower	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
our	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
utero	O
,	O
exposure	O
to	O
tobacco	O
smoking	B-Chemical
seems	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
small	O
impact	O
on	O
outer	O
hair	O
cells	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
equally	O
true	O
for	O
all	O
exposed	O
newborns	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
exposure	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
establish	O
a	O
potential	O
negative	O
effect	O
of	O
maternal	O
smoking	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
neonate	O
'	O
s	O
hearing	O
acuity	O
.	O

Simvastatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bilateral	O
leg	O
compartment	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
myonecrosis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
hypothyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
54	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
hypothyroid	B-Disease
male	O
taking	O
thyroxine	B-Chemical
and	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
presented	O
with	O
bilateral	O
leg	O
compartment	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
myonecrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Urgent	O
fasciotomies	O
were	O
performed	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
made	O
an	O
uneventful	O
recovery	O
with	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
this	O
complication	O
will	O
be	O
seen	O
more	O
often	O
with	O
the	O
increased	O
worldwide	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
and	O
its	O
approval	O
for	O
all	O
arteriopathic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Neuroinflammation	B-Disease
and	O
behavioral	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
after	O
neonatal	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
rats	O
:	O
implications	O
for	O
autism	B-Disease
.	O

Autism	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
neurodevelopmental	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
presenting	O
before	O
3	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
with	O
deficits	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
communication	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
social	I-Disease
skills	I-Disease
and	O
repetitive	B-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
genetic	O
influences	O
,	O
recent	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
prenatal	O
drug	O
or	O
chemical	O
exposures	O
are	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
autism	B-Disease
.	O

Terbutaline	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
beta2	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
agonist	O
used	O
to	O
arrest	O
preterm	B-Disease
labor	I-Disease
,	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
concordance	O
for	O
autism	B-Disease
in	O
dizygotic	O
twins	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
on	O
microglial	O
activation	O
in	O
different	O
brain	O
regions	O
and	O
behavioral	O
outcomes	O
in	O
developing	O
rats	O
.	O

Newborn	O
rats	O
were	O
given	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
daily	O
on	O
postnatal	O
days	O
(	O
PN	O
)	O
2	O
to	O
5	O
or	O
PN	O
11	O
to	O
14	O
and	O
examined	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
dose	O
and	O
at	O
PN	O
30	O
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
studies	O
showed	O
that	O
administration	O
of	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
on	O
PN	O
2	O
to	O
5	O
produced	O
a	O
robust	O
increase	O
in	O
microglial	O
activation	O
on	O
PN	O
30	O
in	O
the	O
cerebral	O
cortex	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
cerebellar	O
and	O
cerebrocortical	O
white	O
matter	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
these	O
effects	O
occurred	O
in	O
animals	O
given	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
on	O
PN	O
11	O
to	O
14	O
.	O

In	O
behavioral	O
tests	O
,	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
on	O
PN	O
2	O
to	O
5	O
showed	O
consistent	O
patterns	O
of	O
hyper	O
-	O
reactivity	O
to	O
novelty	O
and	O
aversive	O
stimuli	O
when	O
assessed	O
in	O
a	O
novel	O
open	O
field	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
acoustic	O
startle	O
response	O
test	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
beta2	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
overstimulation	O
during	O
an	O
early	O
critical	O
period	O
results	O
in	O
microglial	O
activation	O
associated	O
with	O
innate	O
neuroinflammatory	O
pathways	O
and	O
behavioral	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
described	O
in	O
autism	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
study	O
provides	O
a	O
useful	O
animal	O
model	O
for	O
understanding	O
the	O
neuropathological	O
processes	O
underlying	O
autism	B-Disease
spectrum	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Upregulation	O
of	O
brain	O
expression	O
of	O
P	O
-	O
glycoprotein	O
in	O
MRP2	O
-	O
deficient	O
TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
rats	O
resembles	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
efflux	O
transporter	O
in	O
normal	O
rats	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
multidrug	O
resistance	O
protein	O
2	O
(	O
MRP2	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
drug	O
efflux	O
transporter	O
that	O
is	O
expressed	O
predominantly	O
at	O
the	O
apical	O
domain	O
of	O
hepatocytes	O
but	O
seems	O
also	O
to	O
be	O
expressed	O
at	O
the	O
apical	O
membrane	O
of	O
brain	O
capillary	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
that	O
form	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
(	O
BBB	O
)	O
.	O

MRP2	O
is	O
absent	O
in	O
the	O
transport	O
-	O
deficient	O
(	O
TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
)	O
Wistar	O
rat	O
mutant	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
this	O
rat	O
strain	O
was	O
very	O
helpful	O
in	O
defining	O
substrates	O
of	O
MRP2	O
by	O
comparing	O
tissue	O
concentrations	O
or	O
functional	O
activities	O
of	O
compounds	O
in	O
MRP2	O
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
with	O
those	O
in	O
transport	O
-	O
competent	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

By	O
using	O
this	O
strategy	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
MRP2	O
in	O
brain	O
access	O
of	O
antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
(	O
AEDs	O
)	O
,	O
we	O
recently	O
reported	O
that	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
substrate	O
for	O
MRP2	O
in	O
the	O
BBB	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
one	O
drawback	O
of	O
such	O
studies	O
in	O
genetically	O
deficient	O
rats	O
is	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
compensatory	O
changes	O
with	O
upregulation	O
of	O
other	O
transporters	O
can	O
occur	O
.	O

This	O
prompted	O
us	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
brain	O
expression	O
of	O
P	O
-	O
glycoprotein	O
(	O
Pgp	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
major	O
drug	O
efflux	O
transporter	O
in	O
many	O
tissues	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
BBB	O
,	O
in	O
TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
nonmutant	O
(	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
)	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
expression	O
of	O
MRP2	O
and	O
Pgp	O
in	O
brain	O
and	O
liver	O
sections	O
of	O
TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
rats	O
and	O
normal	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
was	O
determined	O
with	O
immunohistochemistry	O
,	O
by	O
using	O
a	O
novel	O
,	O
highly	O
selective	O
monoclonal	O
MRP2	O
antibody	O
and	O
the	O
monoclonal	O
Pgp	O
antibody	O
C219	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Immunofluorescence	O
staining	O
with	O
the	O
MRP2	O
antibody	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
label	O
a	O
high	O
number	O
of	O
microvessels	O
throughout	O
the	O
brain	O
in	O
normal	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
,	O
whereas	O
such	O
labeling	O
was	O
absent	O
in	O
TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
rats	O
exhibited	O
a	O
significant	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
Pgp	O
in	O
brain	O
capillary	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
compared	O
with	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
controls	O
.	O

No	O
such	O
obvious	O
upregulation	O
of	O
Pgp	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
liver	O
sections	O
.	O

A	O
comparable	O
overexpression	O
of	O
Pgp	O
in	O
the	O
BBB	O
was	O
obtained	O
after	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

Experiments	O
with	O
systemic	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
Pgp	O
substrate	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
selective	O
Pgp	O
inhibitor	O
tariquidar	B-Chemical
in	O
TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
rats	O
substantiated	O
that	O
Pgp	O
is	O
functional	O
and	O
compensates	O
for	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
MRP2	O
in	O
the	O
BBB	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
data	O
on	O
TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
rats	O
indicate	O
that	O
Pgp	O
plays	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
compensation	O
of	O
MRP2	O
deficiency	O
in	O
the	O
BBB	O
.	O

Because	O
such	O
a	O
compensatory	O
mechanism	O
most	O
likely	O
occurs	O
to	O
reduce	O
injury	B-Disease
to	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
brain	I-Disease
from	O
cytotoxic	O
compounds	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
data	O
substantiate	O
the	O
concept	O
that	O
MRP2	O
performs	O
a	O
protective	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
BBB	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
TR	O
(	O
-	O
)	O
rats	O
are	O
an	O
interesting	O
tool	O
to	O
study	O
consequences	O
of	O
overexpression	O
of	O
Pgp	O
in	O
the	O
BBB	O
on	O
access	O
of	O
drugs	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
,	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
of	O
inducing	O
seizures	B-Disease
or	O
other	O
Pgp	O
-	O
enhancing	O
events	O
for	O
this	O
purpose	O
.	O

Role	O
of	O
xanthine	B-Chemical
oxidase	O
in	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

1	O
.	O

Glucocorticoid	O
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
(	O
GC	O
-	O
HT	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
-	O
redox	O
imbalance	O
.	O

2	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
xanthine	B-Chemical
oxidase	O
(	O
XO	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
production	O
of	O
reactive	O
oxygen	O
species	O
,	O
in	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
(	O
dex	B-Chemical
-	O
HT	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

3	O
.	O

Thirty	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
divided	O
randomly	O
into	O
four	O
treatment	O
groups	O
:	O
saline	O
,	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
dex	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
allopurinol	B-Chemical
plus	O
saline	O
,	O
and	O
allopurinol	B-Chemical
plus	O
dex	B-Chemical
.	O

4	O
.	O

Systolic	O
blood	O
pressures	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
and	O
bodyweights	O
were	O
recorded	O
each	O
alternate	O
day	O
.	O

Thymus	O
weight	O
was	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
glucocorticoid	O
activity	O
,	O
and	O
serum	O
urate	B-Chemical
to	O
assess	O
XO	O
inhibition	O
.	O

5	O
.	O

Dex	B-Chemical
increased	B-Disease
SBP	I-Disease
(	O
110	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
126	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
mmHg	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
decreased	B-Disease
thymus	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
P	I-Disease
<	I-Disease
0	I-Disease
.	I-Disease
001	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
bodyweights	I-Disease
(	O
P	O
"	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Allopurinol	B-Chemical
decreased	O
serum	O
urate	B-Chemical
from	O
76	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
to	O
30	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
in	O
saline	O
and	O
from	O
84	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
to	O
28	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
in	O
dex	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
groups	O
.	O

6	O
.	O

Allopurinol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
dex	B-Chemical
-	O
HT	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
our	O
previous	O
findings	O
that	O
allopurinol	B-Chemical
failed	O
to	O
prevent	O
adrenocorticotrophic	O
hormone	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
suggests	O
that	O
XO	O
activity	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
major	O
determinant	O
of	O
GC	O
-	O
HT	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Side	O
effects	O
of	O
postoperative	O
administration	O
of	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
posterior	O
sub	O
-	O
Tenon	O
'	O
s	O
space	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
postoperative	O
emetic	O
side	O
effects	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
posterior	O
sub	O
-	O
Tenon	O
'	O
s	O
space	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
routine	O
cataract	B-Disease
surgery	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
St	O
.	O

Luke	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
,	O
Gwardamangia	O
,	O
Malta	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
double	O
-	O
armed	O
prospective	O
study	O
comprised	O
40	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
uneventful	O
sutureless	O
phacoemulsification	O
under	O
sub	O
-	O
Tenon	O
'	O
s	O
local	O
infiltration	O
of	O
3	O
mL	O
of	O
plain	O
lignocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
procedure	O
,	O
Group	O
A	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
20	O
)	O
had	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mL	O
of	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
and	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mL	O
of	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
injected	O
into	O
the	O
posterior	O
sub	O
-	O
Tenon	O
'	O
s	O
space	O
and	O
Group	O
B	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
20	O
)	O
had	O
the	O
same	O
combination	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
anterior	O
sub	O
-	O
Tenon	O
'	O
s	O
space	O
.	O

Postoperatively	O
,	O
all	O
patients	O
were	O
assessed	O
for	O
symptoms	O
of	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
headache	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
chi	O
-	O
square	O
test	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
statistical	O
significance	O
of	O
results	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sixty	O
percent	O
in	O
Group	O
A	O
developed	O
postoperative	B-Disease
emetic	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
,	O
headache	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
both	O
;	O
1	O
patient	O
in	O
Group	O
B	O
developed	O
symptoms	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
administration	O
of	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
posterior	O
sub	O
-	O
Tenon	O
'	O
s	O
space	O
was	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
side	O
effects	O
including	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
headache	B-Disease
.	O

All	O
adverse	O
effects	O
were	O
self	O
-	O
limiting	O
.	O

Assessment	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
non	O
-	O
invasive	O
index	O
of	O
cardiac	O
performance	O
for	O
detection	O
of	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Electrocardiography	O
has	O
a	O
very	O
low	O
sensitivity	O
in	O
detecting	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
assess	O
the	O
added	O
diagnostic	O
value	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
cardiac	O
performance	O
index	O
(	O
dP	O
/	O
dtejc	O
)	O
measurement	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
brachial	O
artery	O
flow	O
changes	O
,	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
standard	O
12	O
-	O
lead	O
ECG	O
,	O
for	O
detecting	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
,	O
using	O
Tc99m	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Sestamibi	I-Chemical
single	O
-	O
photon	O
emission	O
computed	O
tomography	O
as	O
the	O
gold	O
standard	O
of	O
comparison	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
ischemia	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
study	O
group	O
comprised	O
40	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
Sestamibi	B-Chemical
-	O
SPECT	O
/	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
stress	O
test	O
.	O

Simultaneous	O
measurements	O
of	O
ECG	O
and	O
brachial	O
artery	O
dP	O
/	O
dtejc	O
were	O
performed	O
at	O
each	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
level	O
.	O

In	O
19	O
of	O
the	O
40	O
patients	O
perfusion	O
defects	O
compatible	O
with	O
ischemia	B-Disease
were	O
detected	O
on	O
SPECT	O
.	O

The	O
increase	O
in	O
dP	O
/	O
dtejc	O
during	O
infusion	O
of	O
dobutamine	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
group	O
was	O
severely	O
impaired	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
ischemic	O
group	O
.	O

dP	O
/	O
dtejc	O
outcome	O
was	O
combined	O
with	O
the	O
ECG	O
results	O
,	O
giving	O
an	O
ECG	O
-	O
enhanced	O
value	O
,	O
and	O
compared	O
to	O
ECG	O
alone	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
sensitivity	O
improved	O
dramatically	O
from	O
16	O
%	O
to	O
79	O
%	O
,	O
positive	O
predictive	O
value	O
increased	O
from	O
60	O
%	O
to	O
68	O
%	O
and	O
negative	O
predictive	O
value	O
from	O
54	O
%	O
to	O
78	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
specificity	O
decreased	O
from	O
90	O
%	O
to	O
67	O
%	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
If	O
ECG	O
alone	O
is	O
used	O
for	O
specificity	O
,	O
the	O
combination	O
with	O
dP	O
/	O
dtejc	O
improved	O
the	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
the	O
test	O
and	O
could	O
be	O
a	O
cost	O
-	O
savings	O
alternative	O
to	O
cardiac	O
imaging	O
or	O
perfusion	O
studies	O
to	O
detect	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
,	O
especially	O
in	O
patients	O
unable	O
to	O
exercise	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
:	O
clinical	O
observations	O
and	O
pathogenetic	O
considerations	O
.	O

Clinical	O
and	O
experimental	O
data	O
published	O
to	O
date	O
suggest	O
several	O
possible	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
may	O
result	O
in	O
acute	B-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
individuals	O
with	O
preexisting	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
grade	O
coronary	O
arterial	O
narrowing	O
,	O
acute	B-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
may	O
result	O
from	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
myocardial	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
demand	O
associated	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
rate	O
-	O
pressure	O
product	O
.	O

In	O
other	O
individuals	O
with	O
no	O
underlying	O
atherosclerotic	B-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
,	O
coronary	B-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
spasm	B-Disease
,	O
thrombus	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
both	O
.	O

With	O
regard	O
to	O
spasm	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
clinical	O
findings	O
are	O
largely	O
circumstantial	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
locus	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vasoconstriction	O
remains	O
speculative	O
.	O

Although	O
certain	O
clinical	O
and	O
experimental	O
findings	O
support	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
spasm	B-Disease
involves	O
the	O
epicardial	O
,	O
medium	O
-	O
size	O
vessels	O
,	O
other	O
data	O
suggest	O
intramural	O
vasoconstriction	O
.	O

Diffuse	O
intramural	O
vasoconstriction	O
is	O
not	O
consistent	O
with	O
reports	O
of	O
segmental	O
,	O
discrete	O
infarction	B-Disease
.	O

Whereas	O
certain	O
in	O
vivo	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
these	O
effects	O
are	O
alpha	O
-	O
mediated	O
,	O
other	O
in	O
vitro	O
data	O
suggest	O
the	O
opposite	O
.	O

The	O
finding	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vasoconstriction	O
in	O
segments	O
of	O
(	O
noninnervated	O
)	O
human	O
umbilical	O
artery	O
suggests	O
that	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
intact	O
innervation	O
is	O
not	O
sufficient	O
to	O
explain	O
the	O
discrepant	O
data	O
involving	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
mediated	O
effects	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
the	O
contribution	O
of	O
a	O
primary	O
,	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
has	O
not	O
been	O
excluded	O
.	O

Proteomic	O
analysis	O
of	O
striatal	O
proteins	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
(	O
LID	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
among	O
the	O
motor	O
complications	O
that	O
arise	O
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
patients	O
after	O
a	O
prolonged	O
treatment	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
.	O

To	O
this	O
day	O
,	O
transcriptome	O
analysis	O
has	O
been	O
performed	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
LID	B-Disease
[	O
Neurobiol	O
.	O
Dis	O
.	O
,	O
17	O
(	O
2004	O
)	O
,	O
219	O
]	O
but	O
information	O
regarding	O
the	O
proteome	O
is	O
still	O
lacking	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
changes	O
occurring	O
at	O
the	O
protein	O
level	O
in	O
striatal	O
samples	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
unilaterally	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxydopamine	I-Chemical
-	O
lesion	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
PD	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
saline	O
,	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
or	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
using	O
two	O
-	O
dimensional	O
difference	O
gel	O
electrophoresis	O
and	O
mass	O
spectrometry	O
(	O
MS	O
)	O
.	O

Rats	O
treated	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DOPA	I-Chemical
were	O
allocated	O
to	O
two	O
groups	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
LID	B-Disease
.	O

Among	O
the	O
2000	O
spots	O
compared	O
for	O
statistical	O
difference	O
,	O
67	O
spots	O
were	O
significantly	O
changed	O
in	O
abundance	O
and	O
identified	O
using	O
matrix	O
-	O
assisted	O
laser	O
desorption	O
/	O
ionization	O
time	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
flight	O
MS	O
,	O
atmospheric	O
pressure	O
matrix	O
-	O
assisted	O
laser	O
desorption	O
/	O
ionization	O
and	O
HPLC	O
coupled	O
tandem	O
MS	O
(	O
LC	O
/	O
MS	O
/	O
MS	O
)	O
.	O

Out	O
of	O
these	O
67	O
proteins	O
,	O
LID	B-Disease
significantly	O
changed	O
the	O
expression	O
level	O
of	O
five	O
proteins	O
:	O
alphabeta	O
-	O
crystalin	O
,	O
gamma	O
-	O
enolase	O
,	O
guanidoacetate	O
methyltransferase	O
,	O
vinculin	O
,	O
and	O
proteasome	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
subunit	O
.	O

Complementary	O
techniques	O
such	O
as	O
western	O
immunoblotting	O
and	O
immunohistochemistry	O
were	O
performed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
validity	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
obtained	O
using	O
the	O
proteomic	O
approach	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
this	O
study	O
provides	O
new	O
insights	O
into	O
the	O
protein	O
changes	O
occurring	O
in	O
LID	B-Disease
.	O

Cardiac	O
Angiography	O
in	O
Renally	O
Impaired	O
Patients	O
(	O
CARE	O
)	O
study	O
:	O
a	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trial	O
of	O
contrast	O
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
No	O
direct	O
comparisons	O
exist	O
of	O
the	O
renal	O
tolerability	O
of	O
the	O
low	O
-	O
osmolality	O
contrast	B-Chemical
medium	I-Chemical
iopamidol	B-Chemical
with	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
iso	O
-	O
osmolality	O
contrast	B-Chemical
medium	I-Chemical
iodixanol	B-Chemical
in	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
.	O

METHODS	O
AND	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
present	O
study	O
is	O
a	O
multicenter	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
comparison	O
of	O
iopamidol	B-Chemical
and	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
estimated	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
,	O
20	O
to	O
59	O
mL	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
who	O
underwent	O
cardiac	O
angiography	O
or	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
interventions	O
.	O

Serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
(	O
SCr	O
)	O
levels	O
and	O
estimated	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
were	O
assessed	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
2	O
to	O
5	O
days	O
after	O
receiving	O
medications	O
.	O

The	O
primary	O
outcome	O
was	O
a	O
postdose	O
SCr	O
increase	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
44	O
.	O
2	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
over	O
baseline	O
.	O

Secondary	O
outcomes	O
were	O
a	O
postdose	O
SCr	O
increase	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
25	O
%	O
,	O
a	O
postdose	O
estimated	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
decrease	O
of	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
25	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mean	O
peak	O
change	O
in	O
SCr	O
.	O

In	O
414	O
patients	O
,	O
contrast	O
volume	O
,	O
presence	O
of	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
,	O
use	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acetylcysteine	I-Chemical
,	O
mean	O
baseline	O
SCr	O
,	O
and	O
estimated	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
rate	O
were	O
comparable	O
in	O
the	O
2	O
groups	O
.	O

SCr	O
increases	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
occurred	O
in	O
4	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
(	O
9	O
of	O
204	O
patients	O
)	O
after	O
iopamidol	B-Chemical
and	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
(	O
14	O
of	O
210	O
patients	O
)	O
after	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
39	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
rates	O
of	O
SCr	O
increases	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
25	O
%	O
were	O
9	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
and	O
12	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
44	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
,	O
SCr	O
increases	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
were	O
5	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
4	O
of	O
78	O
patients	O
)	O
with	O
iopamidol	B-Chemical
and	O
13	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
(	O
12	O
of	O
92	O
patients	O
)	O
with	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
11	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
SCr	O
increases	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
25	O
%	O
were	O
10	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
and	O
15	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
37	O
)	O
.	O

Mean	O
post	O
-	O
SCr	O
increases	O
were	O
significantly	O
less	O
with	O
iopamidol	B-Chemical
(	O
all	O
patients	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
07	O
versus	O
0	O
.	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
,	O
6	O
.	O
2	O
versus	O
10	O
.	O
6	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
;	O
patients	O
with	O
diabetes	B-Disease
:	O
0	O
.	O
07	O
versus	O
0	O
.	O
16	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
,	O
6	O
.	O
2	O
versus	O
14	O
.	O
1	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
rate	O
of	O
contrast	O
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
defined	O
by	O
multiple	O
end	O
points	O
,	O
is	O
not	O
statistically	O
different	O
after	O
the	O
intraarterial	O
administration	O
of	O
iopamidol	B-Chemical
or	O
iodixanol	B-Chemical
to	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
.	O

Any	O
true	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
agents	O
is	O
small	O
and	O
not	O
likely	O
to	O
be	O
clinically	O
significant	O
.	O

A	O
novel	O
compound	O
,	O
maltolyl	B-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumarate	I-Chemical
,	O
attenuates	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
and	O
shows	O
neuroprotective	O
effects	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
dementia	B-Disease
models	O
.	O

To	O
develop	O
a	O
novel	O
and	O
effective	O
drug	O
that	O
could	O
enhance	O
cognitive	O
function	O
and	O
neuroprotection	O
,	O
we	O
newly	O
synthesized	O
maltolyl	B-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumarate	I-Chemical
by	O
the	O
esterification	O
of	O
maltol	B-Chemical
and	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumaric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
whether	O
maltolyl	B-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumarate	I-Chemical
could	O
improve	O
cognitive	B-Disease
decline	I-Disease
in	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
injected	O
rats	O
and	O
in	O
amyloid	B-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
peptide	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
42	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
infused	O
rats	O
.	O

Maltolyl	B-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumarate	I-Chemical
was	O
found	O
to	O
attenuate	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
rat	O
models	O
using	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
test	O
and	O
to	O
reduce	O
apoptotic	O
cell	O
death	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
of	O
the	O
amyloid	B-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
peptide	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
42	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
infused	O
rats	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
examined	O
the	O
neuroprotective	O
effects	O
of	O
maltolyl	B-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumarate	I-Chemical
in	O
vitro	O
using	O
SH	O
-	O
SY5Y	O
cells	O
.	O

Cells	O
were	O
pretreated	O
with	O
maltolyl	B-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumarate	I-Chemical
,	O
before	O
exposed	O
to	O
amyloid	B-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
peptide	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
42	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
,	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
or	O
H2O2	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
found	O
that	O
maltolyl	B-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumarate	I-Chemical
significantly	O
decreased	O
apoptotic	O
cell	O
death	O
and	O
reduced	O
reactive	O
oxygen	O
species	O
,	O
cytochrome	O
c	O
release	O
,	O
and	O
caspase	O
3	O
activation	O
.	O

Taking	O
these	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
results	O
together	O
,	O
our	O
study	O
suggests	O
that	O
maltolyl	B-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
coumarate	I-Chemical
is	O
a	O
potentially	O
effective	O
candidate	O
against	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
that	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
wide	O
spread	O
neuronal	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
and	O
progressive	O
decline	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
cognitive	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

Attenuation	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nigrostriatal	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
by	O
lipopolysaccharide	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
.	O

Immunological	O
activation	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
to	O
play	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	B-Disease
terminal	I-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
roles	O
of	O
lipopolysaccharide	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
pro	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
and	O
inflammatory	O
factor	O
,	O
treatment	O
in	O
modulating	O
the	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nigrostriatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Lipopolysaccharide	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
basal	O
body	O
temperature	O
or	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
elicited	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
three	O
days	O
later	O
.	O

Such	O
systemic	O
lipopolysaccharide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
mitigated	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
striatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxyphenylacetic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
depletions	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

As	O
the	O
most	O
potent	O
dose	O
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
of	O
lipopolysaccharide	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
two	O
weeks	O
,	O
one	O
day	O
before	O
or	O
after	O
the	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
dosing	O
regimen	O
,	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
striatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxyphenylacetic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
depletions	O
remained	O
unaltered	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
systemic	O
lipopolysaccharide	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
attenuated	O
local	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
-	O
produced	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxyphenylacetic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
depletions	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
lipopolysaccharide	B-Chemical
is	O
less	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
interrupted	O
peripheral	O
distribution	O
or	O
metabolism	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
concluded	O
a	O
critical	O
time	O
window	O
for	O
systemic	O
lipopolysaccharide	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
in	O
exerting	O
effective	O
protection	O
against	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nigrostriatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Acute	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
A	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
is	O
described	O
,	O
highlighting	O
the	O
onset	O
,	O
course	O
and	O
possible	O
contributing	O
factors	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
an	O
urgent	O
need	O
to	O
raise	O
awareness	O
about	O
this	O
potentially	O
fatal	O
complication	O
of	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
20	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
with	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
developed	O
a	O
sudden	O
onset	O
of	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
after	O
commencement	O
of	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
recovered	O
with	O
intensive	O
medical	O
support	O
.	O

The	O
symptoms	O
occurred	O
around	O
2	O
weeks	O
after	O
starting	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
in	O
an	O
inpatient	O
setting	O
.	O

Possible	O
contributing	O
factors	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
concomitant	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
use	O
and	O
unaccustomed	O
physical	O
activity	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Myocarditis	B-Disease
is	O
an	O
increasingly	O
recognized	O
complication	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
can	O
be	O
fatal	O
if	O
not	O
recognized	O
and	O
treated	O
early	O
.	O

Considering	O
that	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
remains	O
the	O
gold	O
standard	O
in	O
treatment	O
of	O
resistant	O
psychosis	B-Disease
,	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
urgent	O
need	O
to	O
raise	O
awareness	O
among	O
medical	O
and	O
paramedical	O
staff	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
care	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
also	O
implications	O
for	O
recommendations	O
and	O
regulations	O
regarding	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
.	O

Severe	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
concomitant	O
use	O
of	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
atazanavir	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
severe	O
interaction	O
between	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
atazanavir	B-Chemical
resulting	O
in	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
A	O
72	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
white	O
man	O
with	O
underlying	O
human	B-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
,	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
,	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
hyperlipidemia	B-Disease
presented	O
with	O
generalized	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
fatigue	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
dark	O
orange	O
urine	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
taking	O
80	O
mg	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
at	O
bedtime	O
(	O
initiated	O
27	O
days	O
earlier	O
)	O
;	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
400	O
mg	O
daily	O
for	O
7	O
days	O
,	O
then	O
200	O
mg	O
daily	O
(	O
initiated	O
19	O
days	O
earlier	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
400	O
mg	O
atazanavir	B-Chemical
daily	O
(	O
initiated	O
at	O
least	O
2	O
years	O
previously	O
)	O
.	O

Laboratory	O
evaluation	O
revealed	O
66	O
,	O
680	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
,	O
93	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
blood	B-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
nitrogen	I-Chemical
,	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
,	O
1579	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
,	O
and	O
738	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
alanine	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
.	O

Simvastatin	B-Chemical
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
human	B-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
medications	O
were	O
all	O
temporarily	O
discontinued	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
given	O
forced	O
alkaline	O
diuresis	O
and	O
started	O
on	O
dialysis	O
.	O

Nine	O
days	O
later	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
had	O
dropped	O
to	O
1695	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
and	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
was	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
discharged	O
and	O
continued	O
outpatient	O
dialysis	O
for	O
1	O
month	O
until	O
his	O
renal	O
function	O
recovered	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
The	O
risk	O
of	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
is	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
concomitant	O
drugs	O
that	O
inhibit	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
.	O

Simvastatin	B-Chemical
is	O
metabolized	O
by	O
CYP3A4	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
and	O
atazanavir	B-Chemical
are	O
recognized	O
CYP3A4	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Pharmacokinetic	O
differences	O
in	O
statins	B-Chemical
are	O
an	O
important	O
consideration	O
for	O
assessing	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
potential	O
drug	O
interactions	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
requiring	O
the	O
concurrent	O
use	O
of	O
statins	B-Chemical
and	O
CYP3A4	O
inhibitors	O
,	O
pravastatin	B-Chemical
,	O
fluvastatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
rosuvastatin	B-Chemical
carry	O
the	O
lowest	O
risk	O
of	O
drug	O
interactions	O
;	O
atorvastatin	B-Chemical
carries	O
moderate	O
risk	O
,	O
whereas	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
and	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
have	O
the	O
highest	O
risk	O
and	O
should	O
be	O
avoided	O
in	O
patients	O
taking	O
concomitant	O
CYP3A4	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

Interaction	O
between	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
and	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
:	O
case	O
series	O
.	O

Warfarin	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
most	O
widely	O
used	O
oral	O
anticoagulant	O
and	O
is	O
indicated	O
for	O
many	O
clinical	O
conditions	O
.	O

Levofloxacin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
fluoroquinolone	B-Chemical
,	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
commonly	O
prescribed	O
antibiotics	O
in	O
clinical	O
practice	O
and	O
is	O
effective	O
against	O
Gram	O
-	O
positive	O
,	O
Gram	O
-	O
negative	O
,	O
and	O
atypical	O
bacteria	O
.	O

While	O
small	O
prospective	O
studies	O
have	O
not	O
revealed	O
any	O
significant	O
drug	O
-	O
drug	O
interaction	O
between	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
and	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
,	O
several	O
case	O
reports	O
have	O
indicated	O
that	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
may	O
significantly	O
potentiate	O
the	O
anticoagulation	O
effect	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
3	O
cases	O
of	O
serious	O
bleeding	B-Disease
complications	O
that	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
interaction	O
between	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
and	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
.	O

Physicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
potential	O
interaction	O
and	O
use	O
caution	O
when	O
prescribing	O
levofloxacin	B-Chemical
to	O
patients	O
taking	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
.	O

Mutations	O
associated	O
with	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
resistance	O
in	O
therapy	O
-	O
na	B-Chemical
ve	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
HBV	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
HIV	B-Disease
co	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
:	O
implications	O
for	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
in	O
HBV	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
HIV	I-Disease
co	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
South	O
African	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
an	O
exploratory	O
study	O
to	O
investigate	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
resistant	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HBV	O
)	O
strains	O
in	O
selected	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
na	B-Chemical
ve	O
HBV	O
carriers	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
human	B-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
HIV	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
co	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
in	O
South	O
African	O
patients	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
na	B-Chemical
ve	O
HBV	B-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
HIV	B-Disease
co	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
were	O
studied	O
:	O
15	O
chronic	O
HBV	B-Disease
mono	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
and	O
20	O
HBV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
HIV	I-Disease
co	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
latter	O
group	O
was	O
further	O
sub	O
-	O
divided	O
into	O
13	O
occult	O
HBV	O
(	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
-	O
negative	O
)	O
and	O
7	O
overt	O
HBV	O
(	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
-	O
positive	O
)	O
patients	O
.	O

HBsAg	B-Chemical
,	O
anti	O
-	O
HBs	O
,	O
anti	O
-	O
HBc	O
,	O
and	O
anti	O
-	O
HIV	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
were	O
determined	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
routine	O
diagnosis	O
using	O
Axsym	O
assays	O
(	O
Abbott	O
Laboratories	O
,	O
North	O
Chicago	O
,	O
IL	O
)	O
.	O

Serum	O
samples	O
were	O
PCR	O
amplified	O
with	O
HBV	O
reverse	O
transcriptase	O
(	O
RT	O
)	O
primers	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
direct	O
sequencing	O
across	O
the	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
-	O
methionine	B-Chemical
-	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
-	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
(	O
YMDD	O
)	O
motif	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
catalytic	O
region	O
in	O
the	O
C	O
domain	O
of	O
the	O
HBV	O
RT	O
enzyme	O
.	O

HBV	O
viral	O
load	O
was	O
performed	O
with	O
Amplicor	O
HBV	O
Monitor	O
test	O
v2	O
.	O
0	O
(	O
Roche	O
Diagnostics	O
,	O
Penzberg	O
,	O
Germany	O
)	O
.	O

HBV	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
resistant	O
strains	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
3	O
of	O
15	O
mono	O
-	O
infected	O
chronic	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
patients	O
and	O
10	O
of	O
20	O
HBV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
HIV	I-Disease
co	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

To	O
the	O
best	O
of	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
constitutes	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
of	O
HBV	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
resistant	O
strains	O
in	O
therapy	O
-	O
na	B-Chemical
ve	O
HBV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
HIV	I-Disease
co	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

The	O
HBV	O
viral	O
loads	O
for	O
mono	O
-	O
infected	O
and	O
co	O
-	O
infected	O
patients	O
ranged	O
from	O
3	O
.	O
32	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
82	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
7	O
)	O
and	O
<	O
200	O
to	O
4	O
.	O
40	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
copies	O
/	O
ml	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

It	O
remains	O
to	O
be	O
seen	O
whether	O
such	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
antiviral	O
mutations	O
could	O
result	O
in	O
widespread	O
emergence	O
of	O
HBV	O
resistant	O
strains	O
when	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
(	O
ARV	O
)	O
treatment	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
regimens	O
become	O
widely	O
applied	O
in	O
South	O
Africa	O
,	O
as	O
this	O
is	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
potential	O
implications	O
in	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
HBV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
HIV	I-Disease
co	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Rabbit	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
and	O
cerebral	O
perfusion	O
SPECT	O
scan	O
findings	O
.	O

The	O
rabbit	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
an	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effect	O
associated	O
with	O
chronic	O
neuroleptic	O
therapy	O
.	O

Its	O
occurrence	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
imipramine	B-Chemical
is	O
described	O
,	O
representing	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
antidepressants	B-Chemical
.	O

Repeated	O
cerebral	O
perfusion	O
SPECT	O
scans	O
revealed	O
decreased	B-Disease
basal	I-Disease
ganglia	I-Disease
perfusion	I-Disease
while	O
the	O
movement	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
was	O
present	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
return	O
to	O
normal	O
perfusion	O
when	O
the	O
rabbit	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
resolved	O
.	O

Estrogen	O
prevents	O
cholesteryl	B-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
accumulation	O
in	O
macrophages	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
HIV	O
protease	O
inhibitor	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
.	O

Individuals	O
with	O
HIV	O
can	O
now	O
live	O
long	O
lives	O
with	O
drug	O
therapy	O
that	O
often	O
includes	O
protease	O
inhibitors	O
such	O
as	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
.	O

Many	O
patients	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
develop	O
negative	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
side	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
premature	B-Disease
atherosclerosis	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
have	O
previously	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
treatment	O
increases	O
atherosclerotic	B-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
formation	O
in	O
male	O
mice	O
to	O
a	O
greater	O
extent	O
than	O
in	O
female	O
mice	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
monocytes	O
isolated	O
from	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
females	O
had	O
less	O
cholesteryl	B-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
accumulation	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
investigated	O
the	O
molecular	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
female	O
hormones	O
influence	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
metabolism	O
in	O
macrophages	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
HIV	O
protease	O
inhibitor	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
have	O
utilized	O
the	O
human	O
monocyte	O
cell	O
line	O
,	O
THP	O
-	O
1	O
as	O
a	O
model	O
to	O
address	O
this	O
question	O
.	O

Briefly	O
,	O
cells	O
were	O
differentiated	O
for	O
72	O
h	O
with	O
100	O
nM	O
PMA	O
to	O
obtain	O
a	O
macrophage	O
-	O
like	O
phenotype	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
1	O
nM	O
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
E2	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
100	O
nM	O
progesterone	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
%	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Cells	O
were	O
then	O
treated	O
with	O
30	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
aggregated	O
LDL	O
for	O
24	O
h	O
.	O

Cell	O
extracts	O
were	O
harvested	O
,	O
and	O
lipid	O
or	O
total	O
RNA	O
was	O
isolated	O
.	O

E2	B-Chemical
decreased	O
the	O
accumulation	O
of	O
cholesteryl	B-Chemical
esters	I-Chemical
in	O
macrophages	O
following	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Ritonavir	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
the	O
scavenger	O
receptor	O
,	O
CD36	O
mRNA	O
,	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
uptake	O
of	O
LDL	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
treatment	O
selectively	O
increased	O
the	O
relative	O
levels	O
of	O
PPARgamma	O
mRNA	O
,	O
a	O
transcription	O
factor	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
CD36	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
E2	B-Chemical
,	O
however	O
,	O
failed	O
to	O
prevent	O
these	O
increases	O
at	O
the	O
mRNA	O
level	O
.	O

E2	B-Chemical
did	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
significantly	O
suppress	O
CD36	O
protein	O
levels	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
fluorescent	O
immunocytochemistry	O
.	O

This	O
data	O
suggests	O
that	O
E2	B-Chemical
modifies	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
CD36	O
at	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
monocyte	O
-	O
derived	O
macrophages	O
resulting	O
in	O
reduced	O
cholesteryl	B-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
accumulation	O
following	O
ritonavir	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
attack	O
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
telithromycin	B-Chemical
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Antibiotic	O
-	O
associated	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
rare	O
.	O

With	O
widespread	O
use	O
of	O
antimicrobial	O
agents	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
occurs	O
frequently	O
,	O
and	O
among	O
adverse	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
,	O
idiosyncratic	O
reactions	O
are	O
the	O
most	O
serious	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
patient	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
height	O
of	O
175	O
cm	O
and	O
weight	O
of	O
72	O
kg	O
presented	O
to	O
Marmara	O
University	O
Hospital	O
Emergency	O
Department	O
,	O
Istanbul	O
,	O
Turkey	O
,	O
with	O
5	O
days	O
'	O
history	O
of	O
jaundice	B-Disease
,	O
malaise	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
.	O

He	O
had	O
been	O
prescribed	O
telithromycin	B-Chemical
400	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
PO	O
to	O
treat	O
an	O
upper	B-Disease
respiratory	I-Disease
tract	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
7	O
days	O
prior	O
.	O

Admission	O
laboratory	O
tests	O
were	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
alanine	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
,	O
67	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
reference	O
range	O
,	O
10	O
-	O
37	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
;	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
,	O
98	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
10	O
-	O
40	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
;	O
alkaline	O
phosphatase	O
,	O
513	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
270	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
;	O
gamma	O
-	O
glutamyltransferase	O
,	O
32	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
7	O
-	O
49	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
;	O
amylase	O
,	O
46	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
220	O
U	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
;	O
total	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
,	O
20	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
;	O
direct	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
,	O
14	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
albumin	O
,	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
toxin	O
,	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
other	O
drugs	O
were	O
reported	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
suffered	O
a	O
previous	O
episode	O
of	O
"	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
of	O
unknown	O
origin	O
,	O
"	O
that	O
occurred	O
after	O
telithromycin	B-Chemical
usage	O
.	O

Both	O
incidents	O
occurred	O
within	O
a	O
year	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Telithromycin	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
first	O
of	O
the	O
ketolide	O
antibacterials	O
to	O
receive	O
US	O
Food	O
and	O
Drug	O
Administration	O
approval	O
for	O
clinical	O
use	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
infrequent	O
and	O
usually	O
reversible	O
severe	O
hepatic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Based	O
on	O
a	O
score	O
of	O
8	O
on	O
the	O
Naranjo	O
adverse	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
probability	O
scale	O
,	O
telithromycin	B-Chemical
was	O
the	O
probable	O
cause	O
of	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
in	O
this	O
patient	O
,	O
and	O
pathological	O
findings	O
suggested	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
toxic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
.	O

Recurrence	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
attack	O
might	O
have	O
been	O
avoided	O
if	O
the	O
initial	O
incident	O
had	O
been	O
communicated	O
to	O
the	O
attending	O
physician	O
who	O
prescribed	O
telithromycin	B-Chemical
the	O
second	O
time	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Here	O
we	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
probably	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
telithromycin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
subcutaneous	O
heparin	B-Chemical
injection	O
on	O
bruising	B-Disease
and	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
injection	O
duration	O
on	O
bruising	B-Disease
and	O
pain	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
subcutaneous	O
injection	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
different	O
methods	O
to	O
prevent	O
bruising	B-Disease
and	O
pain	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
subcutaneous	O
injection	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
widely	O
studied	O
and	O
described	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
injection	O
duration	O
on	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
bruising	B-Disease
and	O
pain	B-Disease
is	O
little	O
documented	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
as	O
within	O
-	O
subject	O
,	O
quasi	O
-	O
experimental	O
research	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
The	O
sample	O
for	O
the	O
study	O
consisted	O
of	O
50	O
patients	O
to	O
whom	O
subcutaneous	O
heparin	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
.	O

Heparin	B-Chemical
was	O
injected	O
over	O
10	O
seconds	O
on	O
the	O
right	O
abdominal	O
site	O
and	O
30	O
seconds	O
on	O
the	O
left	O
abdominal	O
site	O
.	O

Injections	O
areas	O
were	O
assessed	O
for	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
bruising	B-Disease
at	O
48	O
and	O
72	O
hours	O
after	O
each	O
injection	O
.	O

Dimensions	O
of	O
the	O
bruising	B-Disease
on	O
the	O
heparin	B-Chemical
applied	O
areas	O
were	O
measured	O
using	O
transparent	O
millimetric	O
measuring	O
paper	O
.	O

The	O
visual	O
analog	O
scale	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
measure	O
pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
and	O
a	O
stop	O
-	O
watch	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
time	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
period	O
.	O

Data	O
were	O
analysed	O
using	O
chi	O
-	O
square	O
test	O
,	O
Mann	O
-	O
Whitney	O
U	O
,	O
Wilcoxon	O
signed	O
ranks	O
tests	O
and	O
correlation	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
percentage	O
of	O
bruising	B-Disease
occurrence	O
was	O
64	O
%	O
with	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
10	O
seconds	O
duration	O
and	O
42	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
30	O
-	O
second	O
injection	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
determined	O
that	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
bruising	B-Disease
was	O
smaller	O
in	O
the	O
30	O
-	O
second	O
injection	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
period	O
were	O
statistically	O
significantly	O
lower	O
for	O
the	O
30	O
-	O
second	O
injection	O
than	O
for	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
second	O
injection	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
It	O
was	O
determined	O
that	O
injection	O
duration	O
had	O
an	O
effect	O
on	O
bruising	B-Disease
and	O
pain	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
should	O
be	O
repeated	O
on	O
a	O
larger	O
sample	O
.	O

RELEVANCE	O
TO	O
CLINICAL	O
PRACTICE	O
:	O
When	O
administering	O
subcutaneous	O
heparin	B-Chemical
injections	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
extend	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
injection	O
.	O

Acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
regular	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
ingesting	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
at	O
therapeutic	O
dosage	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
possible	O
role	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
of	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
(	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
currently	O
debated	O
.	O

CASE	O
REPORT	O
:	O
We	O
describe	O
2	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
regular	O
consumers	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
and	O
who	O
developed	O
liver	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
within	O
3	O
-	O
5	O
days	O
after	O
hospitalization	O
and	O
stopping	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
while	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
4	O
g	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
/	O
day	O
.	O

A	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
serum	O
level	O
obtained	O
in	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
was	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
toxic	O
range	O
.	O

Possible	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
of	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
patients	O
with	O
risk	O
factors	O
,	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
regular	O
consumption	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
,	O
liver	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
is	O
possible	O
when	O
therapeutic	O
doses	O
are	O
ingested	O
.	O

We	O
propose	O
that	O
the	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
dose	O
should	O
not	O
exceed	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
day	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
and	O
that	O
their	O
liver	O
function	O
should	O
be	O
monitored	O
closely	O
while	O
being	O
treated	O
with	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
.	O

Associations	O
between	O
use	O
of	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
or	O
related	O
drugs	O
and	O
health	O
,	O
physical	O
abilities	O
and	O
cognitive	O
function	O
:	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
randomised	O
clinical	O
study	O
in	O
the	O
elderly	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
associations	O
between	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
or	O
related	O
drugs	O
(	O
BZDs	B-Chemical
/	O
RDs	O
)	O
and	O
health	O
,	O
functional	O
abilities	O
and	O
cognitive	O
function	O
in	O
the	O
elderly	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
non	O
-	O
randomised	O
clinical	O
study	O
of	O
patients	O
aged	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
65	O
years	O
admitted	O
to	O
acute	O
hospital	O
wards	O
during	O
1	O
month	O
.	O

164	O
patients	O
(	O
mean	O
age	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
standard	O
deviation	O
[	O
SD	O
]	O
81	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
8	O
years	O
)	O
were	O
admitted	O
.	O

Of	O
these	O
,	O
nearly	O
half	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
78	O
)	O
had	O
used	O
BZDs	B-Chemical
/	O
RDs	O
before	O
admission	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
remainder	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
86	O
)	O
were	O
non	O
-	O
users	O
.	O

Cognitive	O
ability	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
the	O
Mini	O
-	O
Mental	O
State	O
Examination	O
(	O
MMSE	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
scoring	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
20	O
MMSE	O
sum	O
points	O
were	O
interviewed	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
79	O
)	O
and	O
questioned	O
regarding	O
symptoms	O
and	O
functional	O
abilities	O
during	O
the	O
week	O
prior	O
to	O
admission	O
.	O

Data	O
on	O
use	O
of	O
BZDs	B-Chemical
/	O
RDs	O
before	O
admission	O
,	O
current	O
medications	O
and	O
discharge	O
diagnoses	O
were	O
collected	O
from	O
medical	O
records	O
.	O

Health	O
,	O
physical	O
abilities	O
and	O
cognitive	O
function	O
were	O
compared	O
between	O
BZD	O
/	O
RD	O
users	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
users	O
,	O
and	O
adjustments	O
were	O
made	O
for	O
confounding	O
variables	O
.	O

The	O
residual	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
of	O
oxazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
temazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
zopiclone	B-Chemical
were	O
analysed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
duration	O
of	O
BZD	O
/	O
RD	O
use	O
was	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
years	O
(	O
range	O
1	O
-	O
31	O
)	O
.	O

Two	O
or	O
three	O
BZDs	B-Chemical
/	O
RDs	O
were	O
concomitantly	O
taken	O
by	O
26	O
%	O
of	O
users	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
20	O
)	O
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
female	O
sex	O
and	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
higher	O
number	O
of	O
drugs	O
with	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
CNS	O
,	O
which	O
tended	O
to	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
diagnosed	O
dementia	B-Disease
.	O

After	O
adjustment	O
for	O
these	O
variables	O
as	O
confounders	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
BZDs	B-Chemical
/	O
RDs	O
was	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
cognitive	O
function	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
the	O
MMSE	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
BZDs	B-Chemical
/	O
RDs	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
dizziness	B-Disease
,	O
inability	B-Disease
to	I-Disease
sleep	I-Disease
after	O
awaking	O
at	O
night	O
and	O
tiredness	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
mornings	O
during	O
the	O
week	O
prior	O
to	O
admission	O
and	O
with	O
stronger	O
depressive	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
measured	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
the	O
hospital	O
stay	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
BZDs	B-Chemical
/	O
RDs	O
tended	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
reduced	O
ability	O
to	O
walk	O
and	O
shorter	O
night	O
-	O
time	O
sleep	O
during	O
the	O
week	O
prior	O
to	O
admission	O
.	O

A	O
higher	O
residual	O
serum	O
concentration	O
of	O
temazepam	B-Chemical
correlated	O
with	O
a	O
lower	O
MMSE	O
sum	O
score	O
after	O
adjustment	O
for	O
confounding	O
variables	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
and	O
concomitant	O
use	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
BZD	O
/	O
RD	O
were	O
common	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
hospitalised	O
because	O
of	O
acute	O
illnesses	O
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
daytime	O
and	O
night	O
-	O
time	O
symptoms	O
indicative	O
of	O
poorer	O
health	O
and	O
potentially	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
.	O

Acute	O
vocal	B-Disease
fold	I-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
after	O
acute	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
.	O

Acute	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
a	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
is	O
very	O
rare	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
report	O
of	O
it	O
leading	O
to	O
vocal	B-Disease
fold	I-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
49	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
was	O
transferred	O
to	O
our	O
department	O
because	O
of	O
quadriparesis	B-Disease
,	O
lancinating	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
sensory	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
paresthesia	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
distal	O
limbs	O
.	O

One	O
month	O
previously	O
,	O
she	O
had	O
taken	O
a	O
single	O
high	O
dose	O
of	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
(	O
130	O
tablets	O
of	O
ALCOHOL	B-Chemical
STOP	O
TAB	O
,	O
Shin	O
-	O
Poong	O
Pharm	O
.	O
Co	O
.	O
,	O
Ansan	O
,	O
Korea	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
suicide	O
attempt	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
not	O
an	O
alcoholic	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
first	O
few	O
days	O
after	O
ingestion	O
,	O
she	O
was	O
in	O
a	O
confused	O
state	O
and	O
had	O
mild	O
to	O
moderate	O
ataxia	B-Disease
and	O
giddiness	B-Disease
.	O

She	O
noticed	O
hoarseness	B-Disease
and	O
distally	O
accentuated	O
motor	O
and	O
sensory	O
dysfunction	O
after	O
she	O
had	O
recovered	O
from	O
this	O
state	O
.	O

A	O
nerve	O
conduction	O
study	O
was	O
consistent	O
with	O
severe	O
sensorimotor	O
axonal	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Laryngeal	O
electromyography	O
(	O
thyroarytenoid	O
muscle	O
)	O
showed	O
ample	O
denervation	O
potentials	O
.	O

Laryngoscopy	O
revealed	O
asymmetric	O
vocal	O
fold	O
movements	O
during	O
phonation	O
.	O

Her	O
vocal	O
change	O
and	O
weakness	O
began	O
to	O
improve	O
spontaneously	O
about	O
3	O
weeks	O
after	O
transfer	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
palsy	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
recurrent	O
laryngeal	O
nerve	O
and	O
superimposed	O
severe	O
acute	O
sensorimotor	O
axonal	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
.	O

Encephalopathy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
added	O
to	O
valproate	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
We	O
report	O
on	O
the	O
manifestation	O
of	O
a	O
levetiracetam	B-Chemical
(	O
LEV	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
A	O
28	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
suffering	O
from	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
with	O
generalized	O
seizures	B-Disease
was	O
treated	O
with	O
LEV	B-Chemical
(	O
3000	O
mg	O
)	O
added	O
to	O
valproate	B-Chemical
(	O
VPA	B-Chemical
)	O
(	O
2000	O
mg	O
)	O
.	O

Frequency	O
of	O
generalized	O
tonic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
clonic	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
increased	O
from	O
one	O
per	O
6	O
months	O
to	O
two	O
per	O
month	O
.	O

Neuropsychological	O
testing	O
showed	O
impaired	B-Disease
word	I-Disease
fluency	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
psychomotor	I-Disease
speed	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
working	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
interictal	O
electroencephalogram	O
(	O
EEG	O
)	O
showed	O
a	O
generalized	O
slowing	O
to	O
5	O
per	O
second	O
theta	O
rhythms	O
with	O
bilateral	O
generalized	O
high	O
-	O
amplitude	O
discharges	O
.	O

OUTCOME	O
:	O
Following	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
LEV	B-Chemical
,	O
EEG	O
and	O
neuropsychological	O
findings	O
improved	O
and	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
decreased	O
.	O

Norepinephrine	B-Chemical
signaling	O
through	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
receptors	O
is	O
critical	O
for	O
expression	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cocaine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
widely	O
abused	O
psychostimulant	O
that	O
has	O
both	O
rewarding	O
and	O
aversive	O
properties	O
.	O

While	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
underlying	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
rewarding	O
effects	O
have	O
been	O
studied	O
extensively	O
,	O
less	O
attention	O
has	O
been	O
paid	O
to	O
the	O
unpleasant	O
behavioral	O
states	O
induced	O
by	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
such	O
as	O
anxiety	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
evaluated	O
the	O
performance	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
beta	O
-	O
hydroxylase	O
knockout	O
(	O
Dbh	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
,	O
which	O
lack	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
NE	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
maze	O
(	O
EPM	O
)	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
contribution	O
of	O
noradrenergic	O
signaling	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
found	O
that	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
increased	O
anxiety	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behavior	O
in	O
control	O
(	O
Dbh	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
,	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
open	O
arm	O
exploration	O
.	O

The	O
Dbh	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
had	O
normal	O
baseline	O
performance	O
in	O
the	O
EPM	O
but	O
were	O
completely	O
resistant	O
to	O
the	O
anxiogenic	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
was	O
also	O
attenuated	O
in	O
Dbh	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
mice	O
following	O
administration	O
of	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
beta	O
-	O
hydroxylase	O
(	O
DBH	O
)	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

In	O
experiments	O
using	O
specific	O
adrenergic	O
antagonists	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
blocked	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behavior	O
in	O
Dbh	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
and	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
C57BL6	O
/	O
J	O
mice	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
alpha	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
antagonist	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
alpha	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
antagonist	O
yohimbine	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
noradrenergic	O
signaling	O
via	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
receptors	O
is	O
required	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Hypothalamic	O
prolactin	O
receptor	O
messenger	O
ribonucleic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
prolactin	O
signaling	O
,	O
and	O
hyperprolactinemic	B-Disease
inhibition	O
of	O
pulsatile	O
luteinizing	O
hormone	O
secretion	O
are	O
dependent	O
on	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
.	O

Hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
can	O
reduce	O
fertility	O
and	O
libido	O
.	O

Although	O
central	O
prolactin	O
actions	O
are	O
thought	O
to	O
contribute	O
to	O
this	O
,	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
poorly	O
understood	O
.	O

We	O
first	O
tested	O
whether	O
chronic	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
inhibited	O
two	O
neuroendocrine	O
parameters	O
necessary	O
for	O
female	O
fertility	O
:	O
pulsatile	O
LH	O
secretion	O
and	O
the	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
LH	O
surge	O
.	O

Chronic	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
caused	O
a	O
40	O
%	O
reduction	O
LH	O
pulse	O
frequency	O
in	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
chronic	O
low	O
levels	O
of	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
.	O

Sulpiride	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
a	O
steroid	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
LH	O
surge	O
or	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
GnRH	O
neurons	O
activated	O
during	O
the	O
surge	O
.	O

Estradiol	B-Chemical
is	O
known	O
to	O
influence	O
expression	O
of	O
the	O
long	O
form	O
of	O
prolactin	O
receptors	O
(	O
PRL	O
-	O
R	O
)	O
and	O
components	O
of	O
prolactin	O
'	O
s	O
signaling	O
pathway	O
.	O

To	O
test	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
increases	O
PRL	O
-	O
R	O
expression	O
and	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
prolactin	O
,	O
we	O
next	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
greatly	O
augments	O
prolactin	O
-	O
induced	O
STAT5	O
activation	O
.	O

Lastly	O
,	O
we	O
measured	O
PRL	O
-	O
R	O
and	O
suppressor	O
of	O
cytokine	O
signaling	O
(	O
SOCS	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
CIS	O
,	O
which	O
reflect	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
prolactin	O
signaling	O
)	O
mRNAs	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
and	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
.	O

Sulpiride	B-Chemical
induced	O
only	O
SOCS	O
-	O
1	O
in	O
the	O
medial	O
preoptic	O
area	O
,	O
where	O
GnRH	O
neurons	O
are	O
regulated	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
the	O
arcuate	O
nucleus	O
and	O
choroid	O
plexus	O
,	O
PRL	O
-	O
R	O
,	O
SOCS	O
-	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
CIS	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
were	O
also	O
induced	O
.	O

Estradiol	B-Chemical
enhanced	O
these	O
effects	O
on	O
SOCS	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
CIS	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
also	O
induced	O
PRL	O
-	O
R	O
,	O
SOCS	O
-	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
CIS	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
independently	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
show	O
that	O
GnRH	O
pulse	O
frequency	O
is	O
inhibited	O
by	O
chronic	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
steroid	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

They	O
also	O
provide	O
evidence	O
for	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
and	O
brain	O
region	O
-	O
specific	O
regulation	O
of	O
PRL	O
-	O
R	O
expression	O
and	O
signaling	O
responses	O
by	O
prolactin	O
.	O

Clonidine	B-Chemical
for	O
attention	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
/	I-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
:	O
II	O
.	O

ECG	O
changes	O
and	O
adverse	O
events	O
analysis	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
examine	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
tolerability	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
used	O
alone	O
or	O
with	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
in	O
children	O
with	O
attention	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
/	I-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
ADHD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
16	O
-	O
week	O
multicenter	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trial	O
,	O
122	O
children	O
with	O
ADHD	B-Disease
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
31	O
)	O
,	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
29	O
)	O
,	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
and	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
32	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
30	O
)	O
.	O

Doses	O
were	O
flexibly	O
titrated	O
up	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
and	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
(	O
both	O
with	O
divided	O
dosing	O
)	O
.	O

Groups	O
were	O
compared	O
regarding	O
adverse	O
events	O
and	O
changes	O
from	O
baseline	O
to	O
week	O
16	O
in	O
electrocardiograms	O
and	O
vital	O
signs	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
There	O
were	O
more	O
incidents	O
of	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
in	O
subjects	O
treated	O
with	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
those	O
not	O
treated	O
with	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
(	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
versus	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
;	O
p	O
=	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
other	O
significant	O
group	O
differences	O
regarding	O
electrocardiogram	O
and	O
other	O
cardiovascular	O
outcomes	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
suggestions	O
of	O
interactions	O
between	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
and	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
regarding	O
cardiovascular	O
outcomes	O
.	O

Moderate	O
or	O
severe	O
adverse	O
events	O
were	O
more	O
common	O
in	O
subjects	O
on	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
(	O
79	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
versus	O
49	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
;	O
p	O
=	O
.	O
0006	O
)	O
but	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
higher	O
rates	O
of	O
early	O
study	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

Drowsiness	B-Disease
was	O
common	O
on	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
generally	O
resolved	O
by	O
6	O
to	O
8	O
weeks	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
used	O
alone	O
or	O
with	O
methylphenidate	B-Chemical
,	O
appears	O
safe	O
and	O
well	O
tolerated	O
in	O
childhood	O
ADHD	B-Disease
.	O

Physicians	O
prescribing	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
should	O
monitor	O
for	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
advise	O
patients	O
about	O
the	O
high	O
likelihood	O
of	O
initial	O
drowsiness	B-Disease
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
Fanconi	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
myopathy	B-Disease
after	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
:	O
drug	O
-	O
related	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
cytopathy	I-Disease
?	O

Advances	O
in	O
the	O
field	O
of	O
transplantation	O
provide	O
a	O
better	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
and	O
allow	O
more	O
favorable	O
conditions	O
for	O
growth	O
and	O
development	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
combinations	O
of	O
different	O
therapeutic	O
regimens	O
require	O
consideration	O
of	O
potential	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
yr	O
-	O
old	O
girl	O
who	O
had	O
orthotopic	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
because	O
of	O
Wilson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Tacrolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
MMF	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
steroids	B-Chemical
were	O
given	O
as	O
immunosuppressant	O
.	O

Lamivudine	B-Chemical
was	O
added	O
because	O
of	O
de	O
nova	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
during	O
her	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

Three	O
yr	O
after	O
transplantation	O
she	O
developed	O
renal	B-Disease
Fanconi	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
with	O
severe	O
metabolic	B-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
,	O
hypophosphatemia	B-Disease
,	O
glycosuria	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
aminoaciduria	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
was	O
suspected	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
late	O
post	O
-	O
transplant	O
renal	O
acidosis	B-Disease
and	O
was	O
replaced	O
by	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
acidosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
electrolyte	O
imbalance	O
got	O
worse	O
.	O

Proximal	O
muscle	B-Disease
weakness	I-Disease
has	O
developed	O
during	O
her	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

Fanconi	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
myopathy	B-Disease
,	O
is	O
well	O
recognized	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
and	O
caused	O
by	O
depletion	O
of	O
mtDNA	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
our	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
tubular	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
myopathy	B-Disease
may	O
have	O
resulted	O
from	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
which	O
is	O
triggered	O
by	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
augmented	O
by	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
.	O

Higher	O
optical	O
density	O
of	O
an	O
antigen	O
assay	O
predicts	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
correlate	O
optical	O
density	O
and	O
percent	O
inhibition	O
of	O
a	O
two	O
-	O
step	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
(	O
HIT	B-Disease
)	O
antigen	O
assay	O
with	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
;	O
the	O
assay	O
utilizes	O
reaction	O
inhibition	O
characteristics	O
of	O
a	O
high	O
heparin	B-Chemical
concentration	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
more	O
than	O
50	O
%	O
decrease	O
in	O
platelet	O
count	O
or	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
(	O
<	O
150	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
9	O
)	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
who	O
had	O
a	O
positive	O
two	O
-	O
step	O
antigen	O
assay	O
[	O
optical	O
density	O
(	O
OD	O
)	O
>	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
>	O
50	O
inhibition	O
with	O
high	O
concentration	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
]	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Forty	O
of	O
94	O
HIT	B-Disease
patients	O
had	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
at	O
diagnosis	O
;	O
54	O
/	O
94	O
had	O
isolated	O
-	O
HIT	B-Disease
without	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
.	O

Eight	O
of	O
the	O
isolated	O
-	O
HIT	B-Disease
patients	O
developed	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
within	O
the	O
next	O
30	O
d	O
;	O
thus	O
,	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
48	O
patients	O
had	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
at	O
day	O
30	O
.	O

At	O
diagnosis	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
OD	O
between	O
HIT	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
and	O
those	O
with	O
isolated	O
-	O
HIT	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
OD	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
with	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
48	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
34	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
89	O
)	O
,	O
including	O
isolated	O
-	O
HIT	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
later	O
developed	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
within	O
30	O
d	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
8	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
84	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
64	O
)	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
isolated	O
-	O
HIT	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
develop	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
(	O
0	O
.	O
96	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
011	O
and	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
008	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
Receiver	O
Operative	O
Characteristic	O
Curve	O
showed	O
that	O
OD	O
>	O
1	O
.	O
27	O
in	O
the	O
isolated	O
-	O
HIT	B-Disease
group	O
had	O
a	O
significantly	O
higher	O
chance	O
of	O
developing	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
by	O
day	O
30	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
these	O
groups	O
showed	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
percent	O
inhibition	O
.	O

Multivariate	O
analysis	O
showed	O
a	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
-	O
fold	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
in	O
females	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
risk	O
increased	O
with	O
age	O
and	O
OD	O
values	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Higher	O
OD	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
significant	O
risk	O
of	O
subsequent	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
isolated	O
-	O
HIT	B-Disease
;	O
percent	O
inhibition	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
was	O
not	O
predictive	O
.	O

Thalidomide	B-Chemical
has	O
limited	O
single	O
-	O
agent	O
activity	O
in	O
relapsed	O
or	O
refractory	O
indolent	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Hodgkin	I-Disease
lymphomas	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
phase	O
II	O
trial	O
of	O
the	O
Cancer	B-Disease
and	O
Leukemia	B-Disease
Group	O
B	O
.	O

Thalidomide	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
immunomodulatory	O
agent	O
with	O
demonstrated	O
activity	O
in	O
multiple	B-Disease
myeloma	I-Disease
,	O
mantle	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
and	O
lymphoplasmacytic	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

Its	O
activity	O
is	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
due	O
modulation	O
of	O
the	O
tumour	B-Disease
milieu	O
,	O
including	O
downregulation	O
of	O
angiogenesis	O
and	O
inflammatory	O
cytokines	O
.	O

Between	O
July	O
2001	O
and	O
April	O
2004	O
,	O
24	O
patients	O
with	O
relapsed	O
/	O
refractory	O
indolent	O
lymphomas	B-Disease
received	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
daily	O
with	O
escalation	O
by	O
100	O
mg	O
daily	O
every	O
1	O
-	O
2	O
weeks	O
as	O
tolerated	O
,	O
up	O
to	O
a	O
maximum	O
of	O
800	O
mg	O
daily	O
.	O

Patients	O
had	O
received	O
a	O
median	O
of	O
2	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
1	O
-	O
4	O
)	O
prior	O
regimens	O
.	O

Of	O
24	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
,	O
two	O
achieved	O
a	O
complete	O
remission	O
and	O
one	O
achieved	O
a	O
partial	O
remission	O
for	O
an	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
:	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
32	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Eleven	O
patients	O
progressed	O
during	O
therapy	O
.	O

Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
adverse	O
effects	O
included	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
,	O
fatigue	B-Disease
,	O
somnolence	B-Disease
/	O
depressed	B-Disease
mood	I-Disease
,	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
and	O
dyspnea	B-Disease
.	O

Of	O
concern	O
was	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
four	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
events	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
failed	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
an	O
important	O
response	O
rate	O
to	O
single	O
agent	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
indolent	O
lymphomas	B-Disease
and	O
contrast	O
with	O
the	O
higher	O
activity	O
level	O
reported	O
with	O
the	O
second	O
generation	O
immunomodulatory	O
agent	O
,	O
lenalidomide	B-Chemical
.	O

Sex	O
differences	O
in	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
enhancement	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
antihyperalgesia	O
in	O
a	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
model	O
of	O
persistent	O
pain	B-Disease
:	O
comparisons	O
to	O
two	O
models	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
acute	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
models	O
,	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
antagonists	O
enhance	O
the	O
antinociceptive	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
to	O
a	O
greater	O
extent	O
in	O
males	O
than	O
females	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
investigation	O
was	O
to	O
extend	O
these	O
findings	O
to	O
a	O
persistent	O
pain	B-Disease
model	O
which	O
could	O
be	O
distinguished	O
from	O
acute	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
models	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
the	O
nociceptive	O
fibers	O
activated	O
,	O
neurochemical	O
substrates	O
,	O
and	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
nociceptive	O
stimulus	O
.	O

To	O
this	O
end	O
,	O
persistent	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
administration	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
tail	O
of	O
gonadally	O
intact	O
F344	O
rats	O
,	O
following	O
which	O
the	O
tail	O
was	O
immersed	O
in	O
a	O
mildly	O
noxious	O
thermal	O
stimulus	O
,	O
and	O
tail	O
-	O
withdrawal	O
latencies	O
measured	O
.	O

For	O
comparison	O
,	O
tests	O
were	O
conducted	O
in	O
two	O
acute	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
models	O
,	O
the	O
hotplate	O
and	O
warm	O
water	O
tail	O
-	O
withdrawal	O
procedures	O
.	O

In	O
males	O
,	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
competitive	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
dextromethorphan	B-Chemical
enhanced	O
the	O
antihyperalgesic	O
effect	O
of	O
low	O
to	O
moderate	O
doses	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
and	O
time	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

Across	O
the	O
doses	O
and	O
pretreatment	O
times	O
examined	O
,	O
enhancement	O
was	O
not	O
observed	O
in	O
females	O
.	O

Enhancement	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
antinociception	O
by	O
dextromethorphan	B-Chemical
was	O
seen	O
in	O
both	O
males	O
and	O
females	O
in	O
the	O
acute	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
models	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
this	O
effect	O
being	O
greater	O
in	O
males	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
a	O
sexually	O
-	O
dimorphic	O
interaction	O
between	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
antagonists	O
and	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
persistent	O
pain	B-Disease
model	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
distinguished	O
from	O
those	O
observed	O
in	O
acute	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
models	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
switch	O
to	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
immunosuppression	O
in	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
cardiac	O
transplant	O
patients	O
.	O

Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
therapy	O
can	O
lead	O
to	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
in	O
heart	O
transplantation	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
novel	O
immunosuppressive	O
(	O
IS	O
)	O
drug	O
sirolmus	B-Chemical
(	O
Srl	B-Chemical
)	O
lacks	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
Srl	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
reported	O
following	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
.	O

In	O
cardiac	O
transplantation	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
Srl	B-Chemical
is	O
unknown	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
cardiac	O
transplant	O
patients	O
were	O
switched	O
from	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
to	O
Srl	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
IS	O
.	O

Concomitant	O
IS	O
consisted	O
of	O
mycophenolate	B-Chemical
mofetil	I-Chemical
+	O
/	O
-	O
steroids	B-Chemical
.	O

Proteinuria	O
increased	O
significantly	O
from	O
a	O
median	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
13	O
g	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
range	O
0	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
preswitch	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
23	O
g	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
88	O
)	O
at	O
24	O
months	O
postswitch	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0024	O
)	O
.	O

Before	O
the	O
switch	O
,	O
11	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
had	O
high	O
-	O
grade	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
(	O
>	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
g	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
;	O
this	O
increased	O
to	O
22	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
postswitch	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
006	O
)	O
.	O

ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
and	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
releasing	I-Chemical
blocker	I-Chemical
(	O
ARB	B-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
reduced	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
development	O
.	O

Patients	O
without	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
had	O
increased	O
renal	O
function	O
(	O
median	O
42	O
.	O
5	O
vs	O
.	O
64	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
high	O
-	O
grade	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
showed	O
decreased	O
renal	O
function	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
(	O
median	O
39	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
.	O
29	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
125	O
)	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
may	O
develop	O
in	O
cardiac	O
transplant	O
patients	O
after	O
switch	O
to	O
Srl	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
may	O
have	O
an	O
adverse	O
effect	O
on	O
renal	O
function	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

Srl	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
ACEi	B-Chemical
/	O
ARB	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
patients	O
monitored	O
for	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
increased	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Ginsenoside	B-Chemical
Rg1	I-Chemical
restores	O
the	O
impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
chronic	O
morphine	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Rg1	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
a	O
ginsenoside	B-Chemical
extracted	O
from	O
Panax	O
ginseng	O
,	O
could	O
ameliorate	O
spatial	O
learning	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
might	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
agent	O
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
and	O
treatment	O
of	O
the	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
on	O
learning	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
by	O
chronic	O
morphine	B-Chemical
administration	O
and	O
the	O
mechanism	O
responsible	O
for	O
this	O
effect	O
.	O

Male	O
rats	O
were	O
subcutaneously	O
injected	O
with	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
twice	O
a	O
day	O
at	O
12	O
hour	O
intervals	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
,	O
and	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
intraperitoneally	O
injected	O
2	O
hours	O
after	O
the	O
second	O
injection	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
once	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
.	O

Spatial	O
learning	O
capacity	O
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
the	O
Morris	O
water	O
maze	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
showed	O
that	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
Morphine	B-Chemical
/	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
decreased	O
escape	O
latency	O
and	O
increased	O
the	O
time	O
spent	O
in	O
platform	O
quadrant	O
and	O
entering	O
frequency	O
.	O

By	O
implantation	O
of	O
electrodes	O
and	O
electrophysiological	O
recording	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
the	O
results	O
showed	O
that	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
restored	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
potentiation	O
(	O
LTP	O
)	O
impaired	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
both	O
freely	O
moving	O
and	O
anaesthetised	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
electrophysiological	O
recording	O
in	O
vitro	O
showed	O
that	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
restored	O
the	O
LTP	O
in	O
slices	O
from	O
the	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
morphine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
changed	O
LTP	O
in	O
the	O
slices	O
from	O
normal	O
saline	O
-	O
or	O
morphine	B-Chemical
/	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
;	O
this	O
restoration	O
could	O
be	O
inhibited	O
by	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
MK801	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
Rg1	B-Chemical
may	O
significantly	O
improve	O
the	O
spatial	O
learning	O
capacity	O
impaired	O
by	O
chonic	O
morphine	B-Chemical
administration	O
and	O
restore	O
the	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
inhibited	O
LTP	O
.	O

This	O
effect	O
is	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
dependent	O
.	O

Synthesis	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyrimidinyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenoxyacetamides	I-Chemical
as	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
A2A	O
receptor	O
antagonists	O
.	O

A	O
series	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyrimidinyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phenoxyacetamide	I-Chemical
adenosine	B-Chemical
A	O
(	O
2A	O
)	O
antagonists	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

SAR	O
studies	O
led	O
to	O
compound	O
14	O
with	O
excellent	O
potency	O
(	O
K	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
selectivity	O
(	O
A	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
/	O
A	O
(	O
2A	O
)	O
>	O
100	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
efficacy	O
(	O
MED	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
model	O
for	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Evidence	O
for	O
an	O
involvement	O
of	O
D1	O
and	O
D2	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
in	O
mediating	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
repeated	O
exposure	O
of	O
rats	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
or	O
to	O
the	O
experimental	O
environment	O
is	O
necessary	O
to	O
observe	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
stimulation	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
habituation	O
to	O
the	O
experimental	O
environment	O
on	O
the	O
stimulant	O
effect	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
was	O
examined	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
in	O
mediating	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
stimulation	O
was	O
investigated	O
by	O
examining	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
selective	O
D1	O
and	O
D2	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonists	O
on	O
activity	O
induced	O
by	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
.	O

Locomotor	O
activity	O
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
tested	O
in	O
photocell	O
cages	O
.	O

Nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
caused	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
that	O
were	O
habituated	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
environment	O
,	O
but	O
had	O
only	O
a	O
weak	O
and	O
delayed	O
stimulant	O
action	O
in	O
rats	O
that	O
were	O
unfamiliar	O
with	O
the	O
test	O
environment	O
.	O

The	O
stimulant	O
action	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
was	O
blocked	O
by	O
the	O
central	O
nicotinic	O
antagonist	O
mecamylamine	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
by	O
the	O
peripheral	O
nicotinic	O
blocker	O
hexamethonium	B-Chemical
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
response	O
is	O
probably	O
mediated	O
by	O
central	O
nicotinic	O
receptors	O
.	O

Nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
was	O
blocked	O
by	O
the	O
selective	O
D1	O
antagonist	O
SCH	B-Chemical
23390	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
selective	O
D2	O
antagonist	O
raclopride	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
D1	O
/	O
D2	O
antagonist	O
fluphenazine	B-Chemical
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
the	O
D2	O
agonist	O
PHNO	B-Chemical
enhanced	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
D1	O
agonist	O
SKF	B-Chemical
38393	I-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
acute	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
injection	O
induces	O
a	O
pronounced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
habituated	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
environment	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
mediated	O
by	O
central	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
,	O
possibly	O
located	O
on	O
dopaminergic	O
neurons	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
requires	O
the	O
activation	O
of	O
both	O
D1	O
and	O
D2	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptors	O
.	O

Central	O
retinal	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
clomiphene	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ovulation	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
central	O
retinal	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
clomiphene	B-Chemical
citrate	I-Chemical
(	O
CC	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

DESIGN	O
:	O
Case	O
study	O
.	O

SETTING	O
:	O
Ophthalmology	O
clinic	O
of	O
an	O
academic	O
hospital	O
.	O

PATIENT	O
(	O
S	O
)	O
:	O
A	O
36	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
referred	O
from	O
the	O
infertility	B-Disease
clinic	O
for	O
blurred	B-Disease
vision	I-Disease
.	O

INTERVENTION	O
(	O
S	O
)	O
:	O
Ophthalmic	O
examination	O
after	O
CC	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

MAIN	O
OUTCOME	O
MEASURE	O
(	O
S	O
)	O
:	O
Central	O
retinal	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
after	O
ovulation	O
induction	O
with	O
CC	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULT	O
(	O
S	O
)	O
:	O
A	O
36	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Chinese	O
woman	O
developed	O
central	O
retinal	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
after	O
eight	O
courses	O
of	O
CC	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
search	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
on	O
the	O
thromboembolic	B-Disease
complications	O
of	O
CC	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
include	O
this	O
severe	O
ophthalmic	O
complication	O
,	O
although	O
mild	O
visual	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
after	O
CC	B-Chemical
intake	O
is	O
not	O
uncommon	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
(	O
S	O
)	O
:	O
This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
of	O
central	O
retinal	B-Disease
vein	I-Disease
occlusion	I-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
CC	B-Chemical
.	O

Extra	O
caution	O
is	O
warranted	O
in	O
treating	O
infertility	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
CC	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
patients	O
should	O
be	O
well	O
informed	O
of	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
before	O
commencement	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Acute	O
bronchodilating	O
effects	O
of	O
ipratropium	B-Chemical
bromide	I-Chemical
and	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
in	O
chronic	B-Disease
obstructive	I-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
bronchodilator	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
ipratropium	B-Chemical
bromide	I-Chemical
aerosol	O
(	O
36	O
micrograms	O
)	O
and	O
short	O
-	O
acting	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
tablets	O
(	O
dose	O
titrated	O
to	O
produce	O
serum	O
levels	O
of	O
10	O
-	O
20	O
micrograms	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
were	O
compared	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
crossover	O
study	O
in	O
21	O
patients	O
with	O
stable	O
,	O
chronic	B-Disease
obstructive	I-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Mean	O
peak	O
forced	O
expiratory	O
volume	O
in	O
1	O
second	O
(	O
FEV1	O
)	O
increases	O
over	O
baseline	O
and	O
the	O
proportion	O
of	O
patients	O
attaining	O
at	O
least	O
a	O
15	O
%	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
FEV1	O
(	O
responders	O
)	O
were	O
31	O
%	O
and	O
90	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
for	O
ipratropium	B-Chemical
and	O
17	O
%	O
and	O
50	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
for	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
average	O
FEV1	O
increases	O
during	O
the	O
6	O
-	O
hour	O
observation	O
period	O
were	O
18	O
%	O
for	O
ipratropium	B-Chemical
and	O
8	O
%	O
for	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
mean	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
was	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
hours	O
with	O
ipratropium	B-Chemical
and	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
hours	O
with	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
.	O

While	O
side	O
effects	O
were	O
rare	O
,	O
those	O
experienced	O
after	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
use	O
did	O
involve	O
the	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
gastrointestinal	I-Disease
systems	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
ipratropium	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
more	O
potent	O
bronchodilator	O
than	O
oral	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
airflow	I-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
microglial	O
activation	O
are	O
not	O
mediated	O
by	O
fractalkine	O
receptor	O
signaling	O
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
METH	B-Chemical
)	O
damages	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
nerve	O
endings	O
by	O
a	O
process	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
linked	O
to	O
microglial	O
activation	O
but	O
the	O
signaling	O
pathways	O
that	O
mediate	O
this	O
response	O
have	O
not	O
yet	O
been	O
delineated	O
.	O

Cardona	O
et	O
al	O
.	O

[	O
Nat	O
.	O
Neurosci	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
2006	O
)	O
,	O
917	O
]	O
recently	O
identified	O
the	O
microglial	O
-	O
specific	O
fractalkine	O
receptor	O
(	O
CX3CR1	O
)	O
as	O
an	O
important	O
mediator	O
of	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurodegeneration	B-Disease
of	O
DA	B-Chemical
neurons	O
.	O

Because	O
the	O
CNS	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
METH	B-Chemical
and	O
MPTP	B-Chemical
is	O
highly	O
selective	O
for	O
the	O
DA	B-Chemical
neuronal	O
system	O
in	O
mouse	O
models	O
of	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
the	O
CX3CR1	O
plays	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
METH	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
microglial	O
activation	O
.	O

Mice	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
CX3CR1	O
gene	O
has	O
been	O
deleted	O
and	O
replaced	O
with	O
a	O
cDNA	O
encoding	O
enhanced	O
green	O
fluorescent	O
protein	O
(	O
eGFP	O
)	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
METH	B-Chemical
and	O
examined	O
for	O
striatal	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

METH	B-Chemical
depleted	O
DA	B-Chemical
,	O
caused	O
microglial	O
activation	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
body	O
temperature	O
in	O
CX3CR1	O
knockout	O
mice	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
extent	O
and	O
over	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
course	O
seen	O
in	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
METH	B-Chemical
in	O
CX3CR1	O
knockout	O
mice	O
were	O
not	O
gender	O
-	O
dependent	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
extend	O
beyond	O
the	O
striatum	O
.	O

Striatal	O
microglia	O
expressing	O
eGFP	O
constitutively	O
show	O
morphological	O
changes	O
after	O
METH	B-Chemical
that	O
are	O
characteristic	O
of	O
activation	O
.	O

This	O
response	O
was	O
restricted	O
to	O
the	O
striatum	O
and	O
contrasted	O
sharply	O
with	O
unresponsive	O
eGFP	O
-	O
microglia	O
in	O
surrounding	O
brain	O
areas	O
that	O
are	O
not	O
damaged	O
by	O
METH	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
from	O
these	O
studies	O
that	O
CX3CR1	O
signaling	O
does	O
not	O
modulate	O
METH	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
or	O
microglial	O
activation	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
it	O
appears	O
that	O
striatal	O
-	O
resident	O
microglia	O
respond	O
to	O
METH	B-Chemical
with	O
an	O
activation	O
cascade	O
and	O
then	O
return	O
to	O
a	O
surveying	O
state	O
without	O
undergoing	O
apoptosis	O
or	O
migration	O
.	O

Nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nystagmus	B-Disease
correlates	O
with	O
midpontine	O
activation	O
.	O

The	O
pathomechanism	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nystagmus	B-Disease
(	O
NIN	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
unknown	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
delineate	O
brain	O
structures	O
that	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
NIN	B-Disease
generation	O
.	O

Eight	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
inhaled	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
in	O
darkness	O
during	O
a	O
functional	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
fMRI	O
)	O
experiment	O
;	O
eye	O
movements	O
were	O
registered	O
using	O
video	O
-	O
oculography	O
.	O

NIN	B-Disease
correlated	O
with	O
blood	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
level	O
-	O
dependent	O
(	O
BOLD	O
)	O
activity	O
levels	O
in	O
a	O
midpontine	O
site	O
in	O
the	O
posterior	O
basis	O
pontis	O
.	O

NIN	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
midpontine	O
activation	O
may	O
correspond	O
to	O
activation	O
of	O
the	O
dorsomedial	O
pontine	O
nuclei	O
and	O
the	O
nucleus	O
reticularis	O
tegmenti	O
pontis	O
,	O
structures	O
known	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
generation	O
of	O
multidirectional	O
saccades	O
and	O
smooth	O
pursuit	O
eye	O
movements	O
.	O

Acute	O
effects	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
propylpentanoyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
on	O
hippocampal	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
neurotransmitters	O
in	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizure	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
aimed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
anticonvulsant	O
activity	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
hippocampal	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
neurotransmitters	O
(	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
,	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
,	O
glycine	B-Chemical
and	O
GABA	B-Chemical
)	O
of	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
propylpentanoyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
(	O
VPU	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
its	O
parent	O
compound	O
,	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
VPA	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

VPU	B-Chemical
was	O
more	O
potent	O
than	O
VPA	B-Chemical
,	O
exhibiting	O
the	O
median	O
effective	O
dose	O
(	O
ED	O
(	O
50	O
)	O
)	O
of	O
49	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
protecting	O
rats	O
against	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizure	B-Disease
whereas	O
the	O
corresponding	O
value	O
for	O
VPA	B-Chemical
was	O
322	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
microdialysis	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
an	O
intraperitoneal	O
administration	O
of	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
induced	O
a	O
pronounced	O
increment	O
of	O
hippocampal	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
whereas	O
no	O
significant	O
change	O
was	O
observed	O
on	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
glycine	B-Chemical
and	O
GABA	B-Chemical
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
either	O
VPU	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
and	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
or	O
VPA	B-Chemical
(	O
300	O
and	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
completely	O
abolished	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
evoked	O
increases	O
in	O
extracellular	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
reduction	O
was	O
also	O
observed	O
on	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
GABA	B-Chemical
and	O
glycine	B-Chemical
but	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
drastic	O
reduction	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
level	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
the	O
finding	O
that	O
VPU	B-Chemical
and	O
VPA	B-Chemical
could	O
protect	O
the	O
animals	O
against	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizure	B-Disease
it	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
inhibitory	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
neurotransmitters	O
was	O
comparatively	O
minor	O
and	O
offset	O
by	O
a	O
pronounced	O
reduction	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
like	O
VPA	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
finding	O
that	O
VPU	B-Chemical
could	O
drastically	O
reduce	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
should	O
account	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
partly	O
,	O
for	O
its	O
anticonvulsant	O
activity	O
observed	O
in	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizure	B-Disease
in	O
experimental	O
animals	O
.	O

Some	O
other	O
mechanism	O
than	O
those	O
being	O
reported	O
herein	O
should	O
be	O
further	O
investigated	O
.	O

Protective	O
effect	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
on	O
gastric	B-Disease
hemorrhagic	I-Disease
ulcers	B-Disease
in	O
severe	O
atherosclerotic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

Studies	O
concerning	O
with	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
gastric	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
and	O
mucosal	O
ulceration	O
produced	O
in	O
atherosclerotic	B-Disease
rats	O
are	O
lacking	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
is	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
gastric	O
acid	O
back	O
-	O
diffusion	O
,	O
mast	O
cell	O
histamine	B-Chemical
release	O
,	O
lipid	O
peroxide	O
(	O
LPO	O
)	O
generation	O
and	O
mucosal	O
microvascular	O
permeability	O
in	O
modulating	O
gastric	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
and	O
ulcer	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
with	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
coadministration	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D2	I-Chemical
and	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
on	O
this	O
ulcer	B-Disease
model	O
was	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
challenged	O
intragastrically	O
once	O
daily	O
for	O
9	O
days	O
with	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
ml	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
corn	O
oil	O
containing	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D2	I-Chemical
and	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
to	O
induce	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
.	O

Control	O
rats	O
received	O
corn	O
oil	O
only	O
.	O

After	O
gastric	O
surgery	O
,	O
rat	O
stomachs	O
were	O
irrigated	O
for	O
3	O
h	O
with	O
either	O
simulated	O
gastric	O
juice	O
or	O
normal	O
saline	O
.	O

Gastric	O
acid	O
back	O
-	O
diffusion	O
,	O
mucosal	O
LPO	O
generation	O
,	O
histamine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
,	O
microvascular	O
permeability	O
,	O
luminal	B-Chemical
hemoglobin	O
content	O
and	O
ulcer	B-Disease
areas	O
were	O
determined	O
.	O

Elevated	O
atherosclerotic	B-Disease
parameters	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
,	O
total	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
and	O
low	O
-	O
density	O
lipoprotein	O
concentration	O
were	O
obtained	O
in	O
atherosclerotic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

Severe	O
gastric	O
ulcers	B-Disease
accompanied	O
with	O
increased	O
ulcerogenic	O
factors	O
,	O
including	O
gastric	O
acid	O
back	O
-	O
diffusion	O
,	O
histamine	B-Chemical
release	O
,	O
LPO	O
generation	O
and	O
luminal	B-Chemical
hemoglobin	O
content	O
were	O
also	O
observed	O
in	O
these	O
rats	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
a	O
positive	O
correlation	O
of	O
histamine	B-Chemical
to	O
gastric	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
and	O
to	O
ulcer	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
those	O
atherosclerotic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

This	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
ulcer	B-Disease
and	O
various	O
ulcerogenic	O
parameters	O
were	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
ameliorated	O
by	O
daily	O
intragastric	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
.	O

Atherosclerosis	B-Disease
could	O
produce	O
gastric	B-Disease
hemorrhagic	I-Disease
ulcer	B-Disease
via	O
aggravation	O
of	O
gastric	O
acid	O
back	O
-	O
diffusion	O
,	O
LPO	O
generation	O
,	O
histamine	B-Chemical
release	O
and	O
microvascular	O
permeability	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
ameliorated	O
by	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Lamivudine	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
reactivation	O
in	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
(	O
HBSAG	B-Chemical
)	O
seropositive	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
undergoing	O
cytotoxic	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HBV	O
)	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
causes	O
of	O
chronic	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
worldwide	O
.	O

Cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
are	O
chronic	O
carriers	O
of	O
HBV	O
have	O
a	O
higher	O
hepatic	B-Disease
complication	I-Disease
rate	O
while	O
receiving	O
cytotoxic	O
chemotherapy	O
(	O
CT	O
)	O
and	O
this	O
has	O
mainly	O
been	O
attributed	O
to	O
HBV	O
reactivation	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
have	O
solid	O
and	O
hematological	B-Disease
malignancies	I-Disease
with	O
chronic	O
HBV	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
received	O
the	O
antiviral	O
agent	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
prior	O
and	O
during	O
CT	O
compared	O
with	O
historical	O
control	O
group	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
receive	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
objectives	O
were	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
in	O
reducing	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
HBV	O
reactivation	O
,	O
and	O
diminishing	O
morbidity	O
and	O
mortality	O
during	O
CT	O
.	O

Two	O
groups	O
were	O
compared	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
prophylactic	O
lamivudin	B-Chemical
group	O
consisted	O
of	O
37	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
prophylactic	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
historical	O
controls	O
consisted	O
of	O
50	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
CT	O
without	O
prophylactic	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
.	O

They	O
were	O
followed	O
up	O
during	O
and	O
for	O
8	O
weeks	O
after	O
CT	O
.	O

The	O
outcomes	O
were	O
compared	O
for	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Of	O
our	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
50	O
)	O
,	O
21	O
patients	O
(	O
42	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
established	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

Twelve	O
(	O
24	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
them	O
were	O
evaluated	O
as	O
severe	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
prophylactic	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
group	O
severe	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
were	O
observed	O
only	O
in	O
1	O
patient	O
(	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
37	O
patients	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
006	O
)	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
the	O
mean	O
ALT	O
values	O
revealed	O
significantly	O
higher	O
mean	O
alanine	B-Chemical
aminotransferase	O
(	O
ALT	O
)	O
values	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
than	O
the	O
prophylactic	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
group	O
;	O
154	O
:	O
64	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
32	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
study	O
suggests	O
that	O
prophylactic	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
decreases	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
HBV	O
reactivation	O
and	O
overall	O
morbidity	O
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
immunosuppressive	O
therapy	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
are	O
needed	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
most	O
appropriate	O
nucleoside	B-Chemical
or	O
nucleotide	B-Chemical
analogue	O
for	O
antiviral	O
prophylaxis	O
during	O
CT	O
and	O
the	O
optimal	O
duration	O
of	O
administration	O
after	O
completion	O
of	O
CT	O
.	O

Recovery	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
brachial	B-Disease
neuritis	I-Disease
after	O
conversion	O
to	O
everolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
pediatric	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
-	O
-	O
case	O
report	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

TAC	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
potent	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
for	O
solid	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
in	O
pediatrics	O
.	O

Neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
potentially	O
serious	O
toxic	O
effect	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
,	O
headaches	B-Disease
,	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
neurological	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
an	O
eight	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
a	O
-	O
half	O
-	O
yr	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
with	O
right	O
BN	O
.	O

MRI	O
demonstrated	O
hyperintense	O
T2	O
signals	O
in	O
the	O
cervical	O
cord	O
and	O
right	O
brachial	O
plexus	O
roots	O
indicative	O
of	O
both	O
myelitis	B-Disease
and	O
right	O
brachial	B-Disease
plexitis	I-Disease
.	O

Symptoms	O
persisted	O
for	O
three	O
months	O
despite	O
TAC	B-Chemical
dose	O
reduction	O
,	O
administration	O
of	O
IVIG	O
and	O
four	O
doses	O
of	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
pulse	O
therapy	O
.	O

Improvement	O
and	O
eventually	O
full	O
recovery	O
only	O
occurred	O
after	O
TAC	B-Chemical
was	O
completely	O
discontinued	O
and	O
successfully	O
replaced	O
by	O
everolimus	B-Chemical
.	O

Omitting	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
reduces	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
without	O
increasing	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
after	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
for	O
day	O
surgery	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
Despite	O
advantages	O
of	O
induction	O
and	O
maintenance	O
of	O
anaesthesia	O
with	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
,	O
postoperative	B-Disease
nausea	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
occurs	O
frequently	O
.	O

Fentanyl	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
commonly	O
used	O
supplement	O
that	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
this	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
may	O
also	O
improve	O
analgesia	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
This	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
examined	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
nausea	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
and	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
first	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
anaesthesia	O
in	O
216	O
adult	O
day	O
surgery	O
patients	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
either	O
receive	O
or	O
not	O
receive	O
1	O
1	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
while	O
a	O
third	O
group	O
received	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
in	O
addition	O
to	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Omission	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
reduce	O
the	O
overall	O
incidence	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
nausea	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
,	O
but	O
did	O
reduce	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
vomiting	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
nausea	B-Disease
prior	O
to	O
discharge	O
from	O
20	O
%	O
and	O
17	O
%	O
with	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
and	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
-	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
to	O
5	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
013	O
)	O
.	O

Antiemetic	O
requirements	O
were	O
reduced	O
from	O
24	O
%	O
and	O
31	O
%	O
to	O
7	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0012	O
)	O
.	O

Dexamethasone	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
significant	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
incidence	O
or	O
severity	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
nausea	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
.	O

Combining	O
the	O
two	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
groups	O
revealed	O
further	O
significant	O
benefits	O
from	O
the	O
avoidance	O
of	O
opioids	O
,	O
reducing	O
postoperative	B-Disease
nausea	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
prior	O
to	O
discharge	O
from	O
35	O
%	O
and	O
33	O
%	O
to	O
22	O
%	O
and	O
19	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
049	O
and	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
035	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
nausea	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
first	O
24	O
h	O
was	O
decreased	O
from	O
42	O
%	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
034	O
)	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
severity	O
and	O
analgesic	O
requirements	O
were	O
unaffected	O
by	O
the	O
omission	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
.	O

Fentanyl	B-Chemical
did	O
reduce	O
minor	O
intraoperative	O
movement	O
but	O
had	O
no	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
-	O
sparing	O
effect	O
and	O
increased	O
respiratory	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
,	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
As	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
exacerbated	O
postoperative	B-Disease
nausea	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
vomiting	I-Disease
without	O
an	O
improvement	O
in	O
postoperative	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
also	O
had	O
adverse	O
cardiorespiratory	O
effects	O
,	O
it	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
unnecessary	O
and	O
possibly	O
detrimental	O
supplement	O
to	O
sevoflurane	B-Chemical
in	O
day	O
surgery	O
.	O

Valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
.	O

Course	O
following	O
treatment	O
modifications	O
.	O

Valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
treated	O
with	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
these	O
abnormalities	O
vary	O
from	O
study	O
to	O
study	O
and	O
their	O
course	O
after	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
systematically	O
assessed	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
To	O
estimate	O
the	O
frequency	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
abnormality	I-Disease
and	O
its	O
possible	O
reversibility	O
after	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
in	O
a	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
All	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
in	O
the	O
Amiens	O
area	O
treated	O
with	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
were	O
invited	O
to	O
attend	O
a	O
cardiologic	O
assessment	O
including	O
transthoracic	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Thirty	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
participated	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
second	O
echocardiography	O
was	O
performed	O
(	O
median	O
interval	O
:	O
13	O
months	O
)	O
after	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
patients	O
)	O
.	O

Controls	O
were	O
age	O
-	O
and	O
sex	O
-	O
matched	O
non	O
-	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
referred	O
to	O
the	O
cardiology	O
department	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Compared	O
to	O
controls	O
,	O
aortic	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
:	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
IC	O
:	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
and	O
mitral	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
(	O
OR	O
:	O
10	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
IC	O
:	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
53	O
)	O
were	O
more	O
frequent	O
in	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
(	O
tricuspid	O
:	O
NS	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
affected	O
valves	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
sum	O
of	O
regurgitation	O
grades	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
09	O
)	O
were	O
higher	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
008	O
and	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
006	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

Severity	O
of	O
regurgitation	O
was	O
not	O
correlated	O
with	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
cumulative	O
dose	O
.	O

A	O
restrictive	O
pattern	O
of	O
valvular	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
,	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
12	O
/	O
30	O
(	O
40	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
including	O
two	O
with	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Pergolide	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
in	O
10	O
patients	O
with	O
valvular	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
lower	O
regurgitation	O
grade	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
at	O
the	O
second	O
transthoracic	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
the	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
returned	O
to	O
nearly	O
normal	O
clinical	O
examination	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
supports	O
the	O
high	O
frequency	O
of	O
restrictive	O
valve	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
in	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
pergolide	B-Chemical
and	O
reveals	O
that	O
a	O
significant	O
improvement	O
is	O
usual	O
when	O
the	O
treatment	O
is	O
converted	O
to	O
non	O
-	O
ergot	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonists	O
.	O

Adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
autophagic	O
cardiomyocyte	O
death	B-Disease
plays	O
a	O
pathogenic	O
role	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
mechanisms	O
underlying	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
are	O
very	O
complicated	O
and	O
still	O
unclear	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
autophagy	O
was	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
,	O
so	O
that	O
we	O
can	O
develop	O
a	O
novel	O
treatment	O
strategy	O
for	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyladenine	I-Chemical
(	O
3MA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
specific	O
inhibitor	O
on	O
autophagy	O
was	O
used	O
in	O
a	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
model	O
of	O
rats	O
induced	O
by	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
.	O

Neonatal	O
cardiomyocytes	O
were	O
isolated	O
from	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rat	O
hearts	O
and	O
randomly	O
divided	O
into	O
controls	O
,	O
an	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
3MA	B-Chemical
plus	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
group	O
.	O

We	O
then	O
examined	O
the	O
morphology	O
,	O
expression	O
of	O
beclin	O
1	O
gene	O
,	O
mitochondrial	O
permeability	O
transition	O
(	O
MPT	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
K	B-Chemical
+	O
ATPase	O
activity	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
assessed	O
cell	O
viability	O
,	O
mitochondrial	O
membrane	O
potential	O
changes	O
and	O
counted	O
autophagic	O
vacuoles	O
in	O
cultured	O
cardiomyocytes	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
we	O
analyzed	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
autophagy	O
associated	O
gene	O
,	O
beclin	O
1	O
using	O
RT	O
-	O
PCR	O
and	O
Western	O
blotting	O
in	O
an	O
animal	O
model	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
3MA	B-Chemical
significantly	O
improved	O
cardiac	O
function	O
and	O
reduced	O
mitochondrial	O
injury	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
induced	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
autophagic	O
vacuoles	O
,	O
and	O
3MA	B-Chemical
strongly	O
downregulated	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
beclin	O
1	O
in	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
failing	O
heart	O
and	O
inhibited	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
autophagic	O
vacuoles	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Autophagic	O
cardiomyocyte	O
death	B-Disease
plays	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
induced	O
by	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
.	O

Mitochondrial	O
injury	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
via	O
the	O
autophagy	O
pathway	O
.	O

mToR	O
inhibitors	O
-	O
induced	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
:	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
significance	O
,	O
and	O
management	O
.	O

Massive	O
urinary	O
protein	O
excretion	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
after	O
conversion	O
from	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
to	O
mammalian	O
target	O
of	O
rapamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
mToR	O
)	O
inhibitors	O
,	O
especially	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
allograft	I-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Because	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
major	O
predictive	O
factor	O
of	O
poor	O
transplantation	O
outcome	O
,	O
many	O
studies	O
focused	O
on	O
this	O
adverse	O
event	O
during	O
the	O
past	O
years	O
.	O

Whether	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
due	O
to	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
or	O
only	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
withdrawal	O
remained	O
unsolved	O
until	O
high	O
range	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
observed	O
during	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
islet	O
transplantation	O
and	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
de	O
novo	O
.	O

Podocyte	O
injury	O
and	O
focal	O
segmental	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
mToR	O
inhibition	O
in	O
some	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
pathways	O
underlying	O
these	O
lesions	O
remain	O
hypothetic	O
.	O

We	O
discuss	O
herein	O
the	O
possible	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
the	O
significance	O
of	O
mToR	O
blockade	O
-	O
induced	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

Neuropsychiatric	O
side	O
effects	O
after	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
mefloquine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
describes	O
neuropsychiatric	O
side	O
effects	O
in	O
patients	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
mefloquine	B-Chemical
.	O

Reactions	O
consisted	O
mainly	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
acute	O
psychoses	B-Disease
,	O
anxiety	B-Disease
neurosis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
major	O
disturbances	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
sleep	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
wake	I-Disease
rhythm	I-Disease
.	O

Side	O
effects	O
occurred	O
after	O
both	O
therapeutic	O
and	O
prophylactic	O
intake	O
and	O
were	O
graded	O
from	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
risk	O
analysis	O
of	O
neuropsychiatric	O
side	O
effects	O
in	O
Germany	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
estimated	O
that	O
one	O
of	O
8	O
,	O
000	O
mefloquine	B-Chemical
users	O
suffers	O
from	O
such	O
reactions	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
calculation	O
revealed	O
that	O
one	O
of	O
215	O
therapeutic	O
users	O
had	O
reactions	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
one	O
of	O
13	O
,	O
000	O
in	O
the	O
prophylaxis	O
group	O
,	O
making	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
neuropsychiatric	O
reactions	O
after	O
mefloquine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
60	O
times	O
higher	O
than	O
after	O
prophylaxis	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
certain	O
limitations	O
for	O
malaria	B-Disease
prophylaxis	O
and	O
treatment	O
with	O
mefloquine	B-Chemical
are	O
recommended	O
.	O

Prenatal	O
protein	O
deprivation	O
alters	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
behaviors	O
and	O
dopaminergic	O
and	O
glutamatergic	O
receptor	O
binding	O
.	O

Epidemiological	O
evidence	O
indicates	O
that	O
prenatal	O
nutritional	O
deprivation	O
may	O
increase	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
goal	O
of	O
these	O
studies	O
was	O
to	O
use	O
an	O
animal	O
model	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
prenatal	O
protein	O
deprivation	O
on	O
behaviors	O
and	O
receptor	O
binding	O
with	O
relevance	O
to	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
that	O
prenatally	O
protein	O
deprived	O
(	O
PD	O
)	O
female	O
rats	O
showed	O
an	O
increased	O
stereotypic	O
response	O
to	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
and	O
an	O
increased	O
locomotor	O
response	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
in	O
adulthood	O
.	O

These	O
differences	O
were	O
not	O
observed	O
during	O
puberty	O
.	O

No	O
changes	O
in	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
or	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotion	O
were	O
seen	O
following	O
PD	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
PD	O
female	O
rats	O
showed	O
increased	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
H	B-Chemical
-	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
binding	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
and	O
hippocampus	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
.	O

PD	O
female	O
rats	O
also	O
showed	O
increased	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
H	B-Chemical
-	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
binding	O
and	O
decreased	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
transporter	O
binding	O
in	O
striatum	O
.	O

No	O
statistically	O
significant	O
changes	O
in	O
behavior	O
or	O
receptor	O
binding	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
PD	O
males	O
with	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
increased	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
H	B-Chemical
-	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
binding	O
in	O
cortex	O
.	O

This	O
animal	O
model	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
prenatal	O
nutritional	B-Disease
deficiency	I-Disease
enhances	O
risk	O
for	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
in	O
humans	O
and	O
may	O
also	O
have	O
implications	O
for	O
developmental	O
processes	O
leading	O
to	O
differential	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
drugs	O
of	O
abuse	O
.	O

Adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
topical	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
on	O
auditory	O
nerve	O
function	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Papaverine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
is	O
a	O
direct	O
-	O
acting	O
vasodilator	O
used	O
to	O
manage	O
vasospasm	B-Disease
during	O
various	O
neurosurgical	O
operations	O
.	O

Transient	O
cranial	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
described	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
cases	O
with	O
topical	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
study	O
supports	O
previous	O
reports	O
and	O
provides	O
neurophysiological	O
evidence	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
auditory	O
nerve	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
conducted	O
a	O
retrospective	O
review	O
of	O
70	O
consecutive	O
microvascular	O
decompression	O
operations	O
and	O
studied	O
those	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
topical	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
for	O
vasospasm	B-Disease
.	O

Topical	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
was	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
direct	O
therapeutic	O
action	O
to	O
manage	O
vasospasm	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
11	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
timing	O
of	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
application	O
and	O
ongoing	O
operative	O
events	O
was	O
reviewed	O
relative	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
neurophysiological	O
recordings	O
.	O

Brainstem	O
auditory	O
evoked	O
potentials	O
(	O
BAEPs	O
)	O
were	O
routinely	O
used	O
to	O
monitor	O
cochlear	O
nerve	O
function	O
during	O
these	O
operations	O
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
A	O
temporal	O
relationship	O
was	O
found	O
between	O
topical	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
and	O
BAEP	O
changes	O
leading	O
to	O
complete	O
waveform	O
loss	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
temporal	O
delay	O
between	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
BAEP	O
change	O
was	O
5	O
min	O
.	O

In	O
10	O
of	O
11	O
patients	O
,	O
BAEP	O
waves	O
II	O
/	O
III	O
-	O
V	O
completely	O
disappeared	O
within	O
2	O
to	O
25	O
min	O
after	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
.	O

Eight	O
of	O
these	O
10	O
patients	O
had	O
complete	O
loss	O
of	O
BAEP	O
waveforms	O
within	O
10	O
min	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
showed	O
no	O
recovery	O
of	O
later	O
waves	O
and	O
a	O
delayed	O
profound	O
sensorineural	B-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
average	O
recovery	O
time	O
of	O
BAEP	O
waveforms	O
to	O
pre	O
-	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
baseline	O
values	O
was	O
39	O
min	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Topical	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
vasospasm	B-Disease
was	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
a	O
transient	O
disturbance	O
in	O
neurophysiological	O
function	O
of	O
the	O
ascending	O
auditory	O
brainstem	O
pathway	O
.	O

The	O
complete	O
disappearance	O
of	O
BAEP	O
waveforms	O
with	O
a	O
consistent	O
temporal	O
delay	O
suggests	O
a	O
possible	O
adverse	B-Disease
effect	I-Disease
on	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
proximal	I-Disease
eighth	I-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
.	O

Recommendations	O
to	O
avoid	O
potential	O
cranial	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
from	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
are	O
provided	O
.	O

Simvastatin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ezetimibe	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatic	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
necessitating	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Abstract	O
Serum	O
aminotransferase	O
elevations	O
are	O
a	O
commonly	O
known	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
3	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3	O
-	O
methylglutaryl	O
coenzyme	O
A	O
reductase	O
inhibitor	O
(	O
statin	B-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
hepatotoxic	B-Disease
events	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
widely	O
published	O
with	O
ezetimibe	B-Chemical
or	O
the	O
combination	O
agent	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ezetimibe	I-Chemical
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Hispanic	O
woman	O
who	O
developed	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
necessitating	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
10	O
weeks	O
after	O
conversion	O
from	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
40	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
to	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
10	I-Chemical
mg	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ezetimibe	I-Chemical
40	I-Chemical
mg	I-Chemical
/	O
day	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
lipid	O
panel	O
had	O
been	O
maintained	O
with	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
for	O
18	O
months	O
before	O
the	O
conversion	O
without	O
evidence	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
routine	O
laboratory	O
work	O
-	O
up	O
10	O
weeks	O
after	O
conversion	O
revealed	O
elevated	O
serum	O
aminotransferase	O
levels	O
.	O

Simvastatinezetimibe	B-Chemical
and	O
escitalopram	B-Chemical
(	O
which	O
she	O
was	O
taking	O
for	O
depression	B-Disease
)	O
were	O
discontinued	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
potential	O
causes	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
were	O
excluded	O
.	O

A	O
repeat	O
work	O
-	O
up	O
revealed	O
further	O
elevations	O
in	O
aminotransferase	O
levels	O
,	O
and	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
revealed	O
evidence	O
of	O
moderate	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
severe	O
drug	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

She	O
underwent	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
with	O
an	O
uneventful	O
postoperative	O
course	O
.	O

Her	O
aminotransferase	O
levels	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
by	O
postoperative	O
day	O
23	O
,	O
and	O
her	O
2	O
-	O
year	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
showed	O
no	O
adverse	O
events	O
.	O

Ezetimibe	B-Chemical
undergoes	O
extensive	O
glucuronidation	O
by	O
uridine	B-Chemical
diphosphate	I-Chemical
glucoronosyltransferases	O
(	O
UGT	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
intestine	O
and	O
liver	O
and	O
may	O
have	O
inhibited	O
the	O
glucuronidation	O
of	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
increased	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
and	O
subsequent	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ezetimibe	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
liver	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
that	O
resulted	O
in	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
.	O

We	O
postulate	O
that	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
the	O
simvastatinezetimibe	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
the	O
increased	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
exposure	O
by	O
ezetimibe	B-Chemical
inhibition	O
of	O
UGT	O
enzymes	O
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
potential	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
with	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ezetimibe	I-Chemical
especially	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
and	O
should	O
carefully	O
monitor	O
serum	O
aminotransferase	O
levels	O
when	O
starting	O
therapy	O
and	O
titrating	O
the	O
dosage	O
.	O

Massive	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
oral	O
bisphosphonate	B-Chemical
(	O
alendronate	B-Chemical
)	O
administration	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
focal	B-Disease
segmental	I-Disease
glomerulosclerosis	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
61	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Japanese	O
man	O
with	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
focal	B-Disease
segmental	I-Disease
glomerulosclerosis	I-Disease
was	O
initially	O
responding	O
well	O
to	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
amount	O
of	O
daily	O
urinary	O
protein	O
decreased	O
from	O
15	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
g	O
.	O

Within	O
14	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
oral	O
bisphosphonate	B-Chemical
(	O
alendronate	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
)	O
administration	O
,	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
daily	O
urinary	O
protein	O
increased	O
rapidly	O
up	O
to	O
12	O
.	O
8	O
g	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
oral	O
alendronate	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
patient	O
underwent	O
six	O
cycles	O
of	O
hemodialysis	O
and	O
four	O
cycles	O
of	O
LDL	O
apheresis	O
.	O

Urinary	O
volume	O
and	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
recovered	O
to	O
the	O
normal	O
range	O
,	O
with	O
urinary	O
protein	O
disappearing	O
completely	O
within	O
40	O
days	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
not	O
only	O
intravenous	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
oral	O
bisphosphonates	B-Chemical
can	O
aggravate	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Serum	O
-	O
and	O
glucocorticoid	O
-	O
inducible	O
kinase	O
1	O
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
leads	O
to	O
epithelial	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
-	O
dependent	O
volume	B-Disease
retention	I-Disease
and	O
renal	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
serum	O
-	O
and	O
glucocorticoid	O
-	O
inducible	O
kinase	O
SGK1	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
stimulation	O
of	O
ENaC	O
and	O
to	O
mediate	O
renal	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
following	O
mineralocorticoid	O
and	O
salt	O
excess	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
to	O
elucidate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
SGK1	O
in	O
the	O
volume	B-Disease
retention	I-Disease
and	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
during	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

To	O
this	O
end	O
,	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
mug	O
/	O
g	O
body	O
wt	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
intravenously	O
into	O
gene	O
-	O
targeted	O
mice	O
lacking	O
SGK1	O
(	O
sgk1	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
)	O
and	O
their	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
littermates	O
(	O
sgk1	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
)	O
)	O
.	O

Doxorubicin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
resulted	O
in	O
heavy	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
(	O
>	O
100	O
mg	O
protein	O
/	O
mg	O
crea	O
)	O
in	O
15	O
/	O
44	O
of	O
sgk1	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
)	O
and	O
15	O
/	O
44	O
of	O
sgk1	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
leading	O
to	O
severe	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
with	O
ascites	B-Disease
,	O
lipidemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hypoalbuminemia	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
genotypes	O
.	O

Plasma	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
levels	O
increased	O
in	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
mice	O
of	O
both	O
genotypes	O
and	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
increased	O
SGK1	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
sgk1	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
)	O
mice	O
.	O

Urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
reached	O
signficantly	O
lower	O
values	O
in	O
sgk1	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
)	O
mice	O
(	O
15	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
mumol	O
/	O
mg	O
crea	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
sgk1	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
(	O
35	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
mumol	O
/	O
mg	O
crea	O
)	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
significantly	O
higher	O
body	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
in	O
sgk1	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
sgk1	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
(	O
+	O
6	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
vs	O
.	O
+	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
g	O
)	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
serum	O
urea	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
increased	O
significantly	O
faster	O
in	O
sgk1	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
than	O
in	O
sgk1	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
)	O
mice	O
leading	O
to	O
uremia	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
reduced	O
median	O
survival	O
in	O
sgk1	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
(	O
29	O
vs	O
.	O
40	O
days	O
in	O
sgk1	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
+	O
)	O
mice	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
gene	O
-	O
targeted	O
mice	O
lacking	O
SGK1	O
showed	O
blunted	O
volume	B-Disease
retention	I-Disease
,	O
yet	O
were	O
not	O
protected	O
against	O
renal	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
during	O
experimental	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Severe	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
and	O
haemolytic	B-Disease
anaemia	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
with	O
fatal	O
outcome	O
.	O

Haematological	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
associated	O
with	O
fatal	O
outcome	O
are	O
rare	O
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
30	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
Caucasian	O
man	O
reported	O
with	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
jaundice	B-Disease
after	O
3	O
-	O
day	O
administration	O
of	O
oral	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
for	O
a	O
suspect	O
of	O
urinary	B-Disease
tract	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

Clinical	O
evaluations	O
suggested	O
an	O
initial	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
severe	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
and	O
haemolysis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
progressively	O
developed	O
petechiae	B-Disease
and	O
purpura	B-Disease
on	O
thorax	O
and	O
lower	O
limbs	O
.	O

Despite	O
pharmacological	O
and	O
supportive	O
interventions	O
,	O
laboratory	O
parameters	O
worsened	O
and	O
the	O
patient	O
died	O
17	O
hours	O
after	O
admission	O
.	O

An	O
accurate	O
autopsy	O
revealed	O
most	O
organs	O
with	O
diffuse	O
petechial	O
haemorrhages	B-Disease
.	O

No	O
signs	O
of	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
depression	I-Disease
were	O
found	O
.	O

No	O
thrombi	B-Disease
or	O
signs	O
of	O
microangiopathies	B-Disease
were	O
observed	O
in	O
arterial	O
vessels	O
.	O

Blood	O
and	O
urine	O
cultures	O
did	O
not	O
show	O
any	O
bacterial	O
growth	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
shows	O
that	O
ciprofloxacin	B-Chemical
may	O
precipitate	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
and	O
haemolytic	B-Disease
anaemia	I-Disease
,	O
even	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
phases	O
of	O
treatment	O
and	O
without	O
apparent	O
previous	O
exposures	O
.	O

Alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lipoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
prevents	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
and	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
experimental	O
chemotherapy	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
study	O
investigates	O
if	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lipoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
is	O
neuroprotective	O
against	O
chemotherapy	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
if	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
plays	O
a	O
critical	O
role	O
in	O
toxic	B-Disease
neurodegenerative	I-Disease
cascade	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
if	O
neuroprotective	O
effects	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lipoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
depend	O
on	O
mitochondria	O
protection	O
.	O

We	O
used	O
an	O
in	O
vitro	O
model	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
induced	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
that	O
closely	O
mimic	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
condition	O
by	O
exposing	O
primary	O
cultures	O
of	O
dorsal	O
root	O
ganglion	O
(	O
DRG	O
)	O
sensory	O
neurons	O
to	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
and	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
two	O
widely	O
used	O
and	O
highly	O
effective	O
chemotherapeutic	O
drugs	O
.	O

This	O
approach	O
allowed	O
investigating	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lipoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
preventing	O
axonal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
and	O
apoptosis	O
and	O
the	O
function	O
and	O
ultrastructural	O
morphology	O
of	O
mitochondria	O
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
toxic	O
agents	O
and	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lipoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Our	O
results	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
both	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
cause	O
early	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
with	O
loss	O
of	O
membrane	O
potential	O
and	O
induction	O
of	O
autophagic	O
vacuoles	O
in	O
neurons	O
.	O

Alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lipoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
exerts	O
neuroprotective	O
effects	O
against	O
chemotherapy	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
sensory	O
neurons	O
:	O
it	O
rescues	O
the	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
and	O
induces	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
frataxin	O
,	O
an	O
essential	O
mitochondrial	O
protein	O
with	O
anti	O
-	O
oxidant	O
and	O
chaperone	O
properties	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
is	O
an	O
early	O
common	O
event	O
both	O
in	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
and	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lipoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
protects	O
sensory	O
neurons	O
through	O
its	O
anti	O
-	O
oxidant	O
and	O
mitochondrial	O
regulatory	O
functions	O
,	O
possibly	O
inducing	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
frataxin	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lipoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
might	O
reduce	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
developing	O
peripheral	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
encourage	O
further	O
confirmatory	O
clinical	O
trials	O
.	O

Toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rhesus	O
monkeys	O
following	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
8	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminoquinoline	I-Chemical
8	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amino	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylbutyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
amino	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hexyloxy	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylquinoline	I-Chemical
(	O
WR242511	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Many	O
substances	O
that	O
form	O
methemoglobin	O
(	O
MHb	O
)	O
effectively	O
counter	O
cyanide	O
(	O
CN	O
)	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
MHb	O
formers	O
are	O
generally	O
applied	O
as	O
treatments	O
for	O
CN	O
poisoning	B-Disease
,	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
proposed	O
that	O
a	O
stable	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
acting	O
MHb	O
former	O
could	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
CN	O
pretreatment	O
.	O

Using	O
this	O
rationale	O
,	O
the	O
8	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminoquinoline	I-Chemical
WR242511	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
potent	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
MHb	O
former	O
in	O
rodents	O
and	O
beagle	O
dogs	O
,	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
the	O
rhesus	O
monkey	O
for	O
advanced	O
development	O
as	O
a	O
potential	O
CN	O
pretreatment	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
WR242511	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
intravenously	O
(	O
IV	O
)	O
in	O
2	O
female	O
and	O
4	O
male	O
rhesus	O
monkeys	O
in	O
doses	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
;	O
a	O
single	O
male	O
also	O
received	O
WR242511	B-Chemical
orally	O
(	O
PO	O
)	O
at	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Health	O
status	O
and	O
MHb	O
levels	O
were	O
monitored	O
following	O
exposure	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
selected	O
doses	O
of	O
WR242511	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
produced	O
significant	O
methemoglobinemia	B-Disease
in	O
beagle	O
dogs	O
in	O
earlier	O
studies	O
conducted	O
elsewhere	O
,	O
produced	O
very	O
little	O
MHb	O
(	O
mean	O
<	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
rhesus	O
monkey	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
transient	O
hemoglobinuria	B-Disease
was	O
noted	O
approximately	O
60	O
minutes	O
postinjection	O
of	O
WR242511	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
.	O
5	O
or	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
2	O
lethalities	O
occurred	O
(	O
one	O
IV	O
and	O
one	O
PO	O
)	O
following	O
the	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
dose	O
.	O

Myoglobinuria	B-Disease
was	O
also	O
observed	O
following	O
the	O
7	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
dose	O
.	O

Histopathology	O
analyses	O
in	O
the	O
2	O
animals	O
that	O
died	O
revealed	O
liver	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
greater	O
severity	O
in	O
the	O
orally	O
-	O
treated	O
animal	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
data	O
demonstrate	O
direct	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
indirect	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
WR242511	B-Chemical
should	O
not	O
be	O
pursued	O
as	O
a	O
pretreatment	O
for	O
CN	O
poisoning	B-Disease
unless	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
CN	O
characteristics	O
of	O
this	O
compound	O
can	O
be	O
successfully	O
dissociated	O
from	O
those	O
producing	O
undesirable	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Repetitive	O
transcranial	O
magnetic	O
stimulation	O
for	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
single	O
-	O
blinded	O
,	O
crossover	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
"	O
real	O
"	O
repetitive	O
transcranial	O
magnetic	O
stimulation	O
(	O
rTMS	O
)	O
versus	O
"	O
sham	O
"	O
rTMS	O
(	O
placebo	O
)	O
on	O
peak	O
dose	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Ten	O
patients	O
with	O
PD	B-Disease
and	O
prominent	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
had	O
rTMS	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
800	O
pulses	O
;	O
1	O
Hz	O
rate	O
)	O
delivered	O
over	O
the	O
motor	O
cortex	O
for	O
4	O
consecutive	O
days	O
twice	O
,	O
once	O
real	O
stimuli	O
and	O
once	O
sham	O
stimulation	O
were	O
used	O
;	O
evaluations	O
were	O
done	O
at	O
the	O
baseline	O
and	O
1	O
day	O
after	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
series	O
.	O

Direct	O
comparison	O
between	O
sham	O
and	O
real	O
rTMS	O
effects	O
showed	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
clinician	O
-	O
assessed	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
severity	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
comparison	O
with	O
the	O
baseline	O
showed	O
small	O
but	O
significant	O
reduction	O
in	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
severity	O
following	O
real	O
rTMS	O
but	O
not	O
placebo	O
.	O

The	O
major	O
effect	O
was	O
on	O
dystonia	B-Disease
subscore	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
in	O
patient	O
diaries	O
,	O
although	O
both	O
treatments	O
caused	O
reduction	O
in	O
subjective	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
scores	O
during	O
the	O
days	O
of	O
intervention	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
was	O
sustained	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
intervention	O
for	O
the	O
real	O
rTMS	O
only	O
.	O

Following	O
rTMS	O
,	O
no	O
side	O
effects	O
and	O
no	O
adverse	O
effects	O
on	O
motor	O
function	O
and	O
PD	B-Disease
symptoms	O
were	O
noted	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
suggest	O
the	O
existence	O
of	O
residual	O
beneficial	O
clinical	O
aftereffects	O
of	O
consecutive	O
daily	O
applications	O
of	O
low	O
-	O
frequency	O
rTMS	O
on	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
PD	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
may	O
be	O
further	O
exploited	O
for	O
potential	O
therapeutic	O
uses	O
.	O

Intracavernous	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
minimally	O
invasive	O
treatment	O
for	O
priapism	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

Priapism	B-Disease
is	O
the	O
prolonged	O
erection	O
of	O
the	O
penis	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
sexual	O
arousal	O
.	O

A	O
45	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
,	O
an	O
admitted	O
frequent	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
user	O
,	O
presented	O
to	O
the	O
Emergency	O
Department	O
(	O
ED	O
)	O
on	O
two	O
separate	O
occasions	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
priapism	B-Disease
after	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

The	O
management	O
options	O
in	O
the	O
ED	O
,	O
as	O
exemplified	O
by	O
four	O
individual	O
case	O
reports	O
,	O
in	O
particular	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
minimally	O
invasive	O
method	O
of	O
intracorporal	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
instillation	O
,	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Prophylactic	O
use	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
with	O
chronic	O
immunosuppressive	O
therapy	O
for	O
rheumatologic	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
report	O
our	O
experience	O
concerning	O
the	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
the	O
prophylactic	O
administration	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
in	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
virus	I-Chemical
surface	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
(	O
HBs	B-Chemical
Ag	I-Chemical
)	O
positive	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatologic	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

From	O
June	O
2004	O
to	O
October	O
2006	O
,	O
11	O
HBs	B-Chemical
Ag	I-Chemical
positive	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatologic	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
,	O
who	O
were	O
on	O
both	O
immunosuppressive	O
and	O
prophylactic	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
therapies	O
,	O
were	O
retrospectively	O
assessed	O
.	O

Liver	O
function	O
tests	O
,	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HBV	O
)	O
serologic	O
markers	O
,	O
and	O
HBV	O
DNA	O
levels	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
during	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
were	O
obtained	O
from	O
hospital	O
file	O
records	O
.	O

Eleven	O
patients	O
(	O
six	O
male	O
)	O
with	O
median	O
age	O
47	O
years	O
(	O
range	O
27	O
-	O
73	O
)	O
,	O
median	O
disease	O
duration	O
50	O
months	O
(	O
range	O
9	O
-	O
178	O
)	O
and	O
median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
of	O
patients	O
13	O
.	O
8	O
months	O
(	O
range	O
5	O
-	O
27	O
)	O
were	O
enrolled	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

Lamivudine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
started	O
3	O
-	O
7	O
days	O
prior	O
to	O
immunosuppressive	O
therapy	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

Baseline	O
,	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
were	O
elevated	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
(	O
fourth	O
patient	O
:	O
ALT	O
:	O
122	O
IU	O
/	O
l	O
,	O
AST	O
:	O
111	O
IU	O
/	O
l	O
,	O
tenth	O
patient	O
:	O
ALT	O
:	O
294	O
IU	O
/	O
l	O
,	O
AST	O
:	O
274	O
IU	O
/	O
l	O
,	O
with	O
minimal	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
in	O
both	O
)	O
.	O

Shortly	O
after	O
treatment	O
their	O
tests	O
normalized	O
and	O
during	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
had	O
abnormal	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
tests	O
.	O

In	O
four	O
patients	O
HBV	O
DNA	O
levels	O
were	O
higher	O
than	O
normal	O
at	O
baseline	O
.	O

Two	O
of	O
these	O
normalized	O
and	O
the	O
others	O
increased	O
later	O
.	O

In	O
three	O
additional	O
patients	O
,	O
HBV	O
DNA	O
levels	O
were	O
increased	O
during	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
had	O
significant	O
clinical	O
sings	O
of	O
HBV	O
activation	O
.	O

Lamivudine	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
was	O
continued	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

Prophylactic	O
administration	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
who	O
required	O
immunosuppressive	O
therapy	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
safe	O
,	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
effective	O
in	O
preventing	O
HBV	O
reactivation	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
green	B-Chemical
tea	I-Chemical
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
combination	O
in	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
aimed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
combined	O
effects	O
of	O
green	B-Chemical
tea	I-Chemical
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
on	O
heart	O
weight	O
,	O
body	O
weight	O
,	O
serum	O
marker	O
enzymes	O
,	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
,	O
endogenous	O
antioxidants	O
and	O
membrane	O
bound	O
ATPases	O
in	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
(	O
ISO	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Adult	O
male	O
albino	O
rats	O
,	O
treated	O
with	O
ISO	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
for	O
2	O
days	O
at	O
an	O
interval	O
of	O
24	O
h	O
caused	O
a	O
significant	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
elevation	O
of	O
heart	O
weight	O
,	O
serum	O
marker	O
enzymes	O
,	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
and	O
Ca	B-Chemical
+	O
2	O
ATPase	O
level	O
whereas	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
decrease	O
in	O
body	O
weight	O
,	O
endogenous	O
antioxidants	O
,	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
/	O
K	B-Chemical
+	O
ATPase	O
and	O
Mg	B-Chemical
+	O
2	O
ATPase	O
levels	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
green	B-Chemical
tea	I-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
together	O
for	O
30	O
consecutive	O
days	O
and	O
challenged	O
with	O
ISO	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
day	O
29th	O
and	O
30th	O
,	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
decrease	O
in	O
heart	O
weight	O
,	O
serum	O
marker	O
enzymes	O
,	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
,	O
Ca	B-Chemical
+	O
2	O
ATPase	O
and	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
body	O
weight	O
,	O
endogenous	O
antioxidants	O
,	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
/	O
K	B-Chemical
+	O
ATPase	O
and	O
Mg	B-Chemical
+	O
2	O
ATPase	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
ISO	B-Chemical
treated	O
group	O
and	O
green	B-Chemical
tea	I-Chemical
or	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
alone	O
treated	O
groups	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
indicate	O
the	O
synergistic	O
protective	O
effect	O
of	O
green	B-Chemical
tea	I-Chemical
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
E	I-Chemical
during	O
ISO	B-Chemical
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Irreversible	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
medullary	O
interstitium	O
in	O
experimental	O
analgesic	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
in	O
F344	O
rats	O
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
papillary	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
(	O
RPN	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
a	O
decreased	O
urinary	O
concentrating	O
ability	O
developed	O
during	O
continuous	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
and	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
in	O
female	O
Fischer	O
344	O
rats	O
.	O

Renal	O
structure	O
and	O
concentrating	O
ability	O
were	O
examined	O
after	O
a	O
recovery	O
period	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
18	O
weeks	O
,	O
when	O
no	O
analgesics	O
were	O
given	O
,	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
the	O
analgesic	O
-	O
induced	O
changes	O
were	O
reversible	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
repair	O
to	O
the	O
damaged	O
medullary	O
interstitial	O
matrix	O
,	O
or	O
proliferation	O
of	O
remaining	O
undamaged	O
type	O
1	O
medullary	O
interstitial	O
cells	O
after	O
the	O
recovery	O
period	O
following	O
analgesic	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
recovery	O
of	O
urinary	O
concentrating	O
ability	O
was	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
length	O
of	O
analgesic	O
treatment	O
and	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
the	O
resulting	O
inner	O
medullary	O
structural	O
damage	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
early	O
stages	O
of	O
analgesic	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
urinary	O
concentrating	O
ability	O
were	O
reversible	O
,	O
but	O
after	O
prolonged	O
analgesic	O
treatment	O
,	O
maximum	O
urinary	O
concentrating	O
ability	O
failed	O
to	O
recover	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
prolonged	O
analgesic	O
treatment	O
in	O
Fischer	O
344	O
rats	O
causes	O
progressive	O
and	O
irreversible	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
interstitial	O
matrix	O
and	O
type	O
1	O
interstitial	O
cells	O
leading	O
to	O
RPN	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
associated	O
urinary	O
concentrating	O
defect	O
is	O
reversible	O
only	O
during	O
the	O
early	O
stages	O
of	O
structural	O
damage	O
to	O
the	O
inner	O
medulla	O
.	O

Testosterone	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
upregulation	O
of	O
intrarenal	O
angiotensinogen	O
in	O
Dahl	O
salt	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
rats	O
.	O

Blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
is	O
more	O
salt	B-Chemical
sensitive	O
in	O
men	O
than	O
in	O
premenopausal	O
women	O
.	O

In	O
Dahl	O
salt	B-Chemical
-	O
sensitive	O
rats	O
(	O
DS	O
)	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
salt	B-Chemical
(	O
HS	O
)	O
diet	O
increases	O
BP	O
more	O
in	O
males	O
than	O
females	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
systemic	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
suppressed	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
HS	O
in	O
male	O
DS	O
,	O
intrarenal	O
angiotensinogen	O
expression	O
is	O
increased	O
,	O
and	O
intrarenal	O
levels	O
of	O
ANG	O
II	O
are	O
not	O
suppressed	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
was	O
tested	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
sexual	O
dimorphism	O
in	O
HS	O
-	O
induced	O
upregulation	O
of	O
intrarenal	O
angiotensinogen	O
mediated	O
by	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
that	O
also	O
causes	O
increases	O
in	O
BP	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

On	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
salt	B-Chemical
(	O
LS	O
)	O
diet	O
,	O
male	O
DS	O
had	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
intrarenal	O
angiotensinogen	O
mRNA	O
than	O
females	O
.	O

HS	O
diet	O
for	O
4	O
wk	O
increased	O
renal	O
cortical	O
angiotensinogen	O
mRNA	O
and	O
protein	O
only	O
in	O
male	O
DS	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
prevented	O
by	O
castration	O
.	O

Ovariectomy	O
of	O
female	O
DS	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
intrarenal	O
angiotensinogen	O
expression	O
on	O
either	O
diet	O
.	O

Radiotelemetric	O
BP	O
was	O
similar	O
between	O
males	O
and	O
castrated	O
rats	O
on	O
LS	O
diet	O
.	O

HS	O
diet	O
for	O
4	O
wk	O
caused	O
a	O
progressive	O
increase	O
in	O
BP	O
,	O
protein	O
and	O
albumin	O
excretion	O
,	O
and	O
glomerular	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
in	O
male	O
DS	O
rats	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
attenuated	O
by	O
castration	O
.	O

Testosterone	B-Chemical
replacement	O
in	O
castrated	O
DS	O
rats	O
increased	O
BP	O
,	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
upregulation	O
of	O
renal	O
angiotensinogen	O
associated	O
with	O
HS	O
diet	O
.	O

Testosterone	B-Chemical
contributes	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
male	O
DS	O
rats	O
on	O
HS	O
diet	O
possibly	O
through	O
upregulation	O
of	O
the	O
intrarenal	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
.	O

Explicit	O
episodic	O
memory	O
for	O
sensory	O
-	O
discriminative	O
components	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
pain	B-Disease
:	O
immediate	O
and	O
delayed	O
ratings	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
memory	O
is	O
thought	O
to	O
affect	O
future	O
pain	B-Disease
sensitivity	O
and	O
thus	O
contribute	O
to	O
clinical	O
pain	B-Disease
conditions	O
.	O

Systematic	O
investigations	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
capacity	O
to	O
remember	O
sensory	O
features	O
of	O
experimental	O
pain	B-Disease
are	O
sparse	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
address	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
pain	B-Disease
memory	O
,	O
nine	O
healthy	O
male	O
volunteers	O
received	O
intradermal	O
injections	O
of	O
three	O
doses	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
,	O
1	O
and	O
20	O
microg	O
,	O
separated	O
by	O
15	O
min	O
breaks	O
)	O
,	O
each	O
given	O
three	O
times	O
in	O
a	O
balanced	O
design	O
across	O
three	O
sessions	O
at	O
one	O
week	O
intervals	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
rating	O
was	O
performed	O
using	O
a	O
computerized	O
visual	O
analogue	O
scale	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
100	O
)	O
digitized	O
at	O
1	O
/	O
s	O
,	O
either	O
immediately	O
online	O
or	O
one	O
hour	O
or	O
one	O
day	O
after	O
injection	O
.	O

Subjects	O
also	O
recalled	O
their	O
pains	B-Disease
one	O
week	O
later	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
injection	O
reliably	O
induced	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
flare	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
without	O
any	O
difference	O
within	O
or	O
across	O
sessions	O
.	O

The	O
strong	O
burning	O
pain	B-Disease
decayed	O
exponentially	O
within	O
a	O
few	O
minutes	O
.	O

Subjects	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
reliably	O
discriminate	O
pain	B-Disease
magnitude	O
and	O
duration	O
across	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
doses	O
(	O
both	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
whether	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
ratings	O
were	O
requested	O
immediately	O
,	O
after	O
one	O
hour	O
or	O
after	O
one	O
day	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
recall	O
after	O
one	O
week	O
was	O
similarly	O
precise	O
(	O
magnitude	O
:	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
,	O
duration	O
:	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Correlation	O
with	O
rating	O
recall	O
after	O
one	O
week	O
was	O
best	O
when	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
ratings	O
were	O
requested	O
as	O
late	O
as	O
one	O
day	O
after	O
injection	O
(	O
R	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
79	O
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
both	O
rating	O
retrievals	O
utilized	O
similar	O
memory	O
traces	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
a	O
reliable	O
memory	O
for	O
magnitude	O
and	O
duration	O
of	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
data	O
further	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
consolidation	O
of	O
this	O
memory	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
interim	O
stage	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
take	O
up	O
to	O
one	O
day	O
.	O

Severe	O
and	O
long	O
lasting	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
after	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
co	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trimoxazole	I-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
Pneumocystis	B-Disease
pneumonia	I-Disease
in	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
-	O
-	O
a	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

Pneumocystis	B-Disease
pneumonia	I-Disease
(	O
PCP	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
a	O
common	O
opportunistic	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
in	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
individuals	O
,	O
is	O
generally	O
treated	O
with	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
co	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trimoxazole	I-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
treatment	O
is	O
often	O
limited	O
by	O
adverse	O
effects	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
report	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
severely	O
immunocompromised	O
HIV	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
severe	O
intrahepatic	B-Disease
cholestasis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
in	O
one	O
patient	O
lesions	O
mimicking	O
liver	B-Disease
abscess	I-Disease
formation	O
on	O
radiologic	O
exams	O
,	O
during	O
co	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trimoxazole	I-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
PCP	B-Disease
.	O

Whereas	O
patient	O
1	O
showed	O
lesions	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
1	O
cm	O
readily	O
detectable	O
on	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
under	O
prolonged	O
co	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trimoxazole	I-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
therapy	O
of	O
patient	O
2	O
was	O
switched	O
early	O
.	O

Bradykinin	B-Chemical
receptors	O
antagonists	O
and	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
inhibitors	O
in	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
and	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
induced	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
in	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
diabetic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
rat	O
model	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
influence	O
of	O
an	O
irreversible	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
constitutive	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
NOArg	O
;	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
relatively	O
selective	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
inducible	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
NIL	O
;	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
relatively	O
specific	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
neuronal	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
7	O
-	O
NI	O
;	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
,	O
on	O
antihyperalgesic	O
action	O
of	O
selective	O
antagonists	O
of	O
B2	O
and	O
B1	O
receptors	O
:	O
D	O
-	O
Arg	O
-	O
[	O
Hyp3	O
,	O
Thi5	O
,	O
D	O
-	O
Tic7	O
,	O
Oic8	O
]	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
(	O
HOE	B-Chemical
140	I-Chemical
;	O
70	O
nmol	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
or	O
des	B-Chemical
Arg10	I-Chemical
HOE	I-Chemical
140	I-Chemical
(	O
70	O
nmol	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
model	O
of	O
diabetic	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
streptozotocin	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
toxic	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
vincristine	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
investigated	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
changes	O
in	O
pain	B-Disease
thresholds	O
were	O
determined	O
using	O
mechanical	O
stimuli	O
-	O
-	O
the	O
modification	O
of	O
the	O
classic	O
paw	O
withdrawal	O
test	O
described	O
by	O
Randall	O
-	O
Selitto	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
paper	O
confirm	O
that	O
inhibition	O
of	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
receptors	O
and	O
inducible	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
but	O
not	O
neuronal	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
activity	O
reduces	O
diabetic	B-Disease
hyperalgesia	I-Disease
.	O

Pretreatment	O
with	O
L	O
-	O
NOArg	O
and	O
L	O
-	O
NIL	O
but	O
not	O
7	O
-	O
NI	O
,	O
significantly	O
increases	O
antihyperalgesic	O
activity	O
both	O
HOE	B-Chemical
140	I-Chemical
and	O
des	B-Chemical
Arg10	I-Chemical
HOE	I-Chemical
140	I-Chemical
.	O

It	O
was	O
also	O
shown	O
that	O
both	O
products	O
of	O
inducible	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
and	O
neuronal	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
activation	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
are	O
involved	O
in	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
L	O
-	O
NOArg	O
and	O
7	O
-	O
NI	O
but	O
not	O
L	O
-	O
NIL	O
intensify	O
antihyperalgesic	O
activity	O
of	O
HOE	B-Chemical
140	I-Chemical
or	O
des	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Arg10HOE	I-Chemical
140	I-Chemical
in	O
toxic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Results	O
of	O
these	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
B1	O
and	O
B2	O
receptors	O
are	O
engaged	O
in	O
transmission	O
of	O
nociceptive	O
stimuli	O
in	O
both	O
diabetic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
toxic	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
,	O
inducible	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
participates	O
in	O
pronociceptive	O
activity	O
of	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
in	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
bradykinin	B-Chemical
seemed	O
to	O
activate	O
neuronal	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
pathway	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
concomitant	O
administration	O
of	O
small	O
doses	O
of	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonists	O
and	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthase	O
inhibitors	O
can	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
alleviation	O
of	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
even	O
in	O
hospital	O
care	O
.	O

Confusion	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
rather	O
serious	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
with	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
French	O
Pharmacovigilance	O
database	O
.	O

INTRODUCTION	O
:	O
Confusion	B-Disease
is	O
an	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
frequently	O
observed	O
with	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Some	O
case	O
reports	O
are	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
but	O
no	O
systematic	O
study	O
from	O
a	O
sample	O
of	O
patients	O
has	O
been	O
published	O
.	O

We	O
performed	O
this	O
study	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
describe	O
the	O
main	O
characteristics	O
of	O
this	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
French	O
Pharmacovigilance	O
database	O
,	O
we	O
selected	O
the	O
cases	O
of	O
confusion	B-Disease
reported	O
since	O
1985	O
with	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
272	O
cases	O
of	O
confusion	B-Disease
were	O
reported	O
with	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
:	O
153	O
women	O
and	O
119	O
men	O
.	O

Confusion	B-Disease
mostly	O
occurred	O
during	O
the	O
two	O
first	O
weeks	O
following	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
exposure	O
(	O
39	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
"	O
serious	O
"	O
for	O
almost	O
2	O
/	O
3	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
(	O
62	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
its	O
outcome	O
favourable	O
in	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
(	O
82	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
occurrence	O
of	O
this	O
ADR	O
was	O
more	O
frequent	O
in	O
patients	O
aged	O
between	O
61	O
and	O
80	O
years	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
work	O
shows	O
that	O
confusion	B-Disease
with	O
valproic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
is	O
a	O
serious	O
,	O
rather	O
frequent	O
but	O
reversible	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O

It	O
occurs	O
especially	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
and	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
two	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Reversible	O
inferior	B-Disease
colliculus	I-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
in	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
:	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
findings	O
on	O
diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
and	O
fluid	O
attenuated	O
inversion	O
recovery	O
imaging	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
This	O
is	O
to	O
present	O
reversible	O
inferior	B-Disease
colliculus	I-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
in	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
,	O
to	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
imaging	O
(	O
DWI	O
)	O
and	O
fluid	O
attenuated	O
inversion	O
recovery	O
(	O
FLAIR	O
)	O
imaging	O
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
From	O
November	O
2005	O
to	O
September	O
2007	O
,	O
8	O
patients	O
(	O
5	O
men	O
and	O
3	O
women	O
)	O
were	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
having	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
(	O
age	O
range	O
;	O
43	O
-	O
78	O
years	O
)	O
.	O

They	O
had	O
been	O
taking	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
(	O
total	O
dosage	O
,	O
45	O
-	O
120	O
g	O
;	O
duration	O
,	O
30	O
days	O
to	O
2	O
months	O
)	O
to	O
treat	O
the	O
infection	B-Disease
in	O
various	O
organs	O
.	O

Initial	O
brain	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
MRI	O
)	O
were	O
obtained	O
after	O
the	O
hospitalization	O
,	O
including	O
DWI	O
(	O
8	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
apparent	O
diffusion	O
coefficient	O
(	O
ADC	O
)	O
map	O
(	O
4	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
FLAIR	O
(	O
7	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
T2	O
-	O
weighted	O
image	O
(	O
8	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

Follow	O
-	O
up	O
MRIs	O
were	O
performed	O
on	O
5	O
patients	O
from	O
third	O
to	O
14th	O
days	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Findings	O
of	O
initial	O
and	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
MRIs	O
were	O
retrospectively	O
evaluated	O
by	O
2	O
neuroradiologists	O
by	O
consensus	O
,	O
to	O
analyze	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
abnormal	O
signal	O
intensities	O
,	O
their	O
locations	O
,	O
and	O
signal	O
changes	O
on	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
images	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Initial	O
MRIs	O
showed	O
abnormal	O
high	O
signal	O
intensities	O
on	O
DWI	O
and	O
FLAIR	O
(	O
or	O
T2	O
-	O
weighted	O
image	O
)	O
at	O
the	O
dentate	O
nucleus	O
(	O
8	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
inferior	O
colliculus	O
(	O
6	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
corpus	O
callosum	O
(	O
2	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
pons	O
(	O
2	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
medulla	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
bilateral	O
cerebral	O
white	O
matter	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
signal	O
intensity	O
lesions	O
on	O
DWI	O
tended	O
to	O
show	O
low	O
signal	O
intensity	O
on	O
ADC	O
map	O
(	O
3	O
/	O
4	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
one	O
patient	O
,	O
high	O
signal	O
intensity	O
was	O
shown	O
at	O
bilateral	O
dentate	O
nuclei	O
on	O
not	O
only	O
DWI	O
but	O
also	O
ADC	O
map	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
lesions	O
in	O
dentate	O
,	O
inferior	O
colliculus	O
,	O
pons	O
,	O
and	O
medullas	O
had	O
been	O
resolved	O
completely	O
on	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
MRIs	O
in	O
5	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
1	O
patient	O
of	O
them	O
,	O
corpus	O
callosal	B-Disease
lesion	I-Disease
persisted	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Reversible	O
inferior	B-Disease
colliculus	I-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
the	O
characteristic	O
for	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
,	O
next	O
to	O
the	O
dentate	O
nucleus	O
involvement	O
.	O

Clinically	O
significant	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
to	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Sirolimus	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
latest	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
used	O
to	O
prevent	O
rejection	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
have	O
less	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
than	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
(	O
CNI	O
)	O
-	O
based	O
regimens	O
.	O

To	O
date	O
there	O
has	O
been	O
little	O
documentation	O
of	O
clinically	O
significant	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
linked	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
have	O
encountered	O
several	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
substantial	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

In	O
each	O
patient	O
,	O
the	O
close	O
temporal	O
association	O
between	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
implicated	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
most	O
likely	O
etiology	O
of	O
the	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
analyzed	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
information	O
available	O
for	O
all	O
119	O
patients	O
transplanted	O
at	O
the	O
Washington	O
Hospital	O
Center	O
between	O
1999	O
-	O
2003	O
for	O
whom	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
was	O
a	O
component	O
of	O
their	O
immunosuppressant	O
regimen	O
.	O

In	O
these	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
on	O
morning	O
urine	O
samples	O
by	O
turbidometric	O
measurement	O
or	O
random	O
urine	O
protein	O
:	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
ratios	O
,	O
an	O
estimate	O
of	O
grams	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
/	O
day	O
.	O

Laboratory	O
results	O
were	O
compared	O
between	O
prior	O
,	O
during	O
and	O
following	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
eight	O
patients	O
(	O
24	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
increased	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
from	O
baseline	O
during	O
their	O
post	O
-	O
transplantation	O
course	O
.	O

In	O
21	O
patients	O
an	O
alternative	O
cause	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
either	O
obvious	O
or	O
insufficient	O
data	O
was	O
available	O
to	O
be	O
conclusive	O
.	O

In	O
7	O
of	O
the	O
28	O
patients	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
striking	O
temporal	O
association	O
between	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
-	O
range	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
correlated	O
most	O
strongly	O
with	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
other	O
demographic	O
and	O
clinical	O
variables	O
.	O

In	O
most	O
patients	O
,	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
decrease	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
resolution	O
,	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Sirolimus	B-Chemical
induces	O
or	O
aggravates	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
in	O
an	O
unpredictable	O
subset	O
of	O
renal	O
allograft	O
recipients	O
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
may	O
improve	O
,	O
but	O
does	O
not	O
resolve	O
,	O
when	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
is	O
withdrawn	O
.	O

Components	O
of	O
lemon	O
essential	O
oil	O
attenuate	O
dementia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
anti	O
-	O
dementia	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
s	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
limonene	I-Chemical
and	O
s	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
perillyl	I-Chemical
alcohol	I-Chemical
were	O
observed	O
using	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
test	O
(	O
PA	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
open	O
field	O
habituation	O
test	O
(	O
OFH	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
lemon	O
essential	O
oils	O
showed	O
strong	O
ability	O
to	O
improve	O
memory	B-Disease
impaired	I-Disease
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
;	O
however	O
,	O
s	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
perillyl	I-Chemical
alcohol	I-Chemical
relieved	O
the	O
deficit	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
associative	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
in	O
PA	O
only	O
,	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
improve	O
non	O
-	O
associative	O
memory	O
significantly	O
in	O
OFH	O
.	O

Analysis	O
of	O
neurotransmitter	O
concentration	O
in	O
some	O
brain	O
regions	O
on	O
the	O
test	O
day	O
showed	O
that	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
of	O
the	O
vehicle	O
/	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
group	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
vehicle	O
/	O
vehicle	O
group	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
phenomenon	O
was	O
reversed	O
when	O
s	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
limonene	I-Chemical
or	O
s	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
perillyl	I-Chemical
alcohol	I-Chemical
were	O
administered	O
before	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Simultaneously	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
these	O
two	O
lemon	O
essential	O
oil	O
components	O
could	O
inhibit	O
acetylcholinesterase	O
activity	O
in	O
vitro	O
using	O
the	O
Ellman	O
method	O
.	O

Attentional	O
modulation	O
of	O
perceived	O
pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
in	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
secondary	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
.	O

Perceived	O
pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
is	O
modulated	O
by	O
attention	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
known	O
that	O
how	O
pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
ratings	O
are	O
affected	O
by	O
attention	O
in	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
secondary	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
.	O

Here	O
we	O
show	O
that	O
perceived	O
pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
in	O
secondary	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
is	O
decreased	O
when	O
attention	O
is	O
distracted	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
painful	O
pinprick	O
stimulus	O
with	O
a	O
visual	O
task	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
attentional	O
modulation	O
in	O
secondary	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
is	O
very	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
untreated	O
,	O
control	O
condition	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
,	O
showing	O
no	O
interaction	O
between	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
attentional	O
modulation	O
suggest	O
that	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
secondary	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
and	O
attention	O
might	O
affect	O
mechanical	O
pain	B-Disease
through	O
independent	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

Cardioprotective	O
effect	O
of	O
salvianolic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
cardioprotective	O
potential	O
of	O
salvianolic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
on	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Hemodynamic	O
parameters	O
and	O
lead	O
II	O
electrocardiograph	O
were	O
monitored	O
and	O
recorded	O
continuously	O
.	O

Cardiac	O
marker	O
enzymes	O
and	O
antioxidative	O
parameters	O
in	O
serum	O
and	O
heart	O
tissues	O
were	O
measured	O
.	O

Assay	O
for	O
mitochondrial	O
respiratory	O
function	O
and	O
histopathological	O
examination	O
of	O
heart	O
tissues	O
were	O
performed	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
showed	O
significant	O
increases	O
in	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
lactate	B-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
,	O
aspartate	B-Chemical
transaminase	O
,	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
and	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
and	O
significant	O
decreases	O
in	O
the	O
activities	O
of	O
superoxide	B-Chemical
dismutase	O
,	O
catalase	O
and	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
peroxidase	O
in	O
serum	O
and	O
heart	O
.	O

These	O
rats	O
also	O
showed	O
declines	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
,	O
maximum	O
and	O
minimum	O
rate	O
of	O
developed	O
left	O
ventricular	O
pressure	O
,	O
and	O
elevation	O
of	O
left	O
ventricular	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
pressure	O
and	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
mitochondrial	O
respiratory	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
characterized	O
by	O
decreased	O
respiratory	O
control	O
ratio	O
and	O
ADP	B-Chemical
/	O
O	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
salvianolic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
8	O
days	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
and	O
improved	O
mitochondrial	O
respiratory	O
function	O
.	O

The	O
protective	O
role	O
of	O
salvianolic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
against	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
was	O
further	O
confirmed	O
by	O
histopathological	O
examination	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
our	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
salvianolic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
possessing	O
antioxidant	O
activity	O
has	O
a	O
significant	O
protective	O
effect	O
against	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
failed	O
to	O
protect	O
against	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neurotoxicity	I-Disease
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
.	O

Toxic	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
is	O
still	O
a	O
significant	O
limiting	O
factor	O
for	O
chemotherapy	O
with	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
PAC	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
although	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
closely	O
related	O
amino	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
glutamine	B-Chemical
were	O
claimed	O
to	O
ameliorate	O
PAC	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
pilot	O
trial	O
aimed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
for	O
preventing	O
PAC	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blinded	O
clinical	O
and	O
electro	O
-	O
diagnostic	O
study	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
three	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
were	O
available	O
for	O
analysis	O
following	O
six	O
cycles	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
PAC	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
:	O
23	O
had	O
been	O
supplemented	O
by	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
all	O
along	O
the	O
treatment	O
period	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
three	O
times	O
500	O
mg	O
(	O
group	O
G	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
20	O
had	O
received	O
a	O
placebo	O
(	O
group	O
P	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
evaluated	O
by	O
neurological	O
examinations	O
,	O
questionnaires	O
and	O
sensory	O
-	O
motor	O
nerve	O
conduction	O
studies	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
signs	O
or	O
symptoms	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
although	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
symptoms	O
presented	O
mostly	O
with	O
lower	O
scores	O
of	O
severity	O
in	O
group	O
G	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
this	O
difference	O
reached	O
statistical	O
significance	O
only	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
reported	O
pain	B-Disease
sensation	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
011	O
)	O
.	O

Also	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
abnormal	O
electro	O
-	O
diagnostic	O
findings	O
showed	O
similarity	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
(	O
G	O
:	O
7	O
/	O
23	O
=	O
30	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
;	O
P	O
:	O
6	O
/	O
20	O
=	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
pilot	O
study	O
leads	O
to	O
the	O
conclusion	O
that	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
at	O
the	O
chosen	O
regimen	O
fails	O
to	O
protect	O
against	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neurotoxicity	I-Disease
of	O
PAC	B-Chemical
.	O

Development	O
of	O
ocular	B-Disease
myasthenia	I-Disease
during	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
interferon	I-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
63	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
experienced	O
sudden	O
diplopia	B-Disease
after	O
9	O
weeks	O
of	O
administration	O
of	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
interferon	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
IFN	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2b	I-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
for	O
chronic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
(	O
CHC	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Ophthalmologic	O
examinations	O
showed	O
ptosis	B-Disease
on	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
right	I-Disease
upper	I-Disease
lid	I-Disease
and	O
restricted	B-Disease
right	I-Disease
eye	I-Disease
movement	I-Disease
without	O
any	O
other	O
neurological	O
signs	O
.	O

A	O
brain	O
imaging	O
study	O
and	O
repetitive	O
nerve	O
stimulation	O
test	O
indicated	O
no	O
abnormality	O
.	O

The	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antibody	O
titer	O
and	O
response	O
to	O
acetylcholinesterase	O
inhibitors	O
were	O
negative	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
thyroid	O
function	O
tests	O
were	O
normal	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
ophthalmological	O
symptoms	O
improved	O
rapidly	O
3	O
weeks	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
IFN	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2b	I-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
ocular	B-Disease
myasthenia	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
combination	O
therapy	O
of	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
IFN	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2b	I-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
for	O
CHC	B-Disease
is	O
very	O
rarely	O
reported	O
;	O
therefore	O
,	O
we	O
present	O
this	O
case	O
with	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
various	O
eye	O
complications	O
of	O
IFN	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Learning	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
in	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
and	O
their	O
neural	O
correlates	O
during	O
a	O
face	O
-	O
learning	O
task	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
consistently	O
shown	O
that	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
display	O
impairments	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
performance	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
working	O
memory	O
processing	O
in	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
neural	O
alterations	O
in	O
hippocampal	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
cortical	O
regions	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
functional	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
fMRI	O
)	O
.	O

Using	O
functional	O
imaging	O
and	O
a	O
face	O
-	O
learning	O
task	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
neural	O
correlates	O
of	O
encoding	O
and	O
recalling	O
face	O
-	O
name	O
associations	O
in	O
20	O
recreational	O
drug	O
users	O
whose	O
predominant	O
drug	O
use	O
was	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
and	O
20	O
controls	O
.	O

To	O
address	O
the	O
potential	O
confounding	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
cannabis	B-Chemical
use	O
of	O
the	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
using	O
group	O
,	O
a	O
second	O
analysis	O
included	O
14	O
previously	O
tested	O
cannabis	B-Chemical
users	O
(	O
Nestor	O
,	O
L	O
.	O
,	O
Roberts	O
,	O
G	O
.	O
,	O
Garavan	O
,	O
H	O
.	O
,	O
Hester	O
,	O
R	O
.	O
,	O
2008	O
.	O
Deficits	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
:	O
parahippocampal	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
and	O
frontocortical	O
hypoactivity	O
in	O
cannabis	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O
Neuroimage	O
40	O
,	O
1328	O
-	O
1339	O
)	O
.	O

Ecstasy	B-Chemical
users	O
performed	O
significantly	O
worse	O
in	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
and	O
cannabis	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

A	O
conjunction	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
encode	O
and	O
recall	O
phases	O
of	O
the	O
task	O
revealed	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
specific	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
in	O
bilateral	O
frontal	O
regions	O
,	O
left	O
temporal	O
,	O
right	O
parietal	O
,	O
bilateral	O
temporal	O
,	O
and	O
bilateral	O
occipital	O
brain	O
regions	O
.	O

Ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
specific	O
hypoactivity	O
was	O
evident	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
dorsal	O
anterior	O
cingulated	O
cortex	O
(	O
ACC	O
)	O
and	O
left	O
posterior	O
cingulated	O
cortex	O
.	O

In	O
both	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
and	O
cannabis	B-Chemical
groups	O
brain	O
activation	O
was	O
decreased	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
medial	O
frontal	O
gyrus	O
,	O
left	O
parahippocampal	O
gyrus	O
,	O
left	O
dorsal	O
cingulate	O
gyrus	O
,	O
and	O
left	O
caudate	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
elucidated	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
deficits	O
,	O
only	O
some	O
of	O
which	O
might	O
be	O
attributed	O
to	O
cannabis	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

These	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
-	O
specific	O
effects	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
vulnerability	O
of	O
isocortical	O
and	O
allocortical	O
regions	O
to	O
the	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
ecstasy	B-Chemical
.	O

Disulfiram	B-Chemical
-	O
like	O
syndrome	O
after	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
cyanamide	I-Chemical
professional	O
skin	O
exposure	O
:	O
two	O
case	O
reports	O
in	O
France	O
.	O

Hydrogen	B-Chemical
cyanamide	I-Chemical
is	O
a	O
plant	O
growth	O
regulator	O
used	O
in	O
agriculture	O
to	O
induce	O
bud	O
break	O
in	O
fruit	O
trees	O
.	O

Contact	O
with	O
the	O
skin	O
can	O
result	O
in	O
percutaneous	O
absorption	O
of	O
the	O
substance	O
that	O
inhibits	O
aldehyde	B-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
and	O
can	O
induce	O
acetaldehyde	B-Chemical
syndrome	O
in	O
case	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
report	O
is	O
to	O
describe	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
a	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
-	O
like	O
syndrome	O
following	O
occupational	O
exposure	O
to	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
cyanamide	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
first	O
case	O
involved	O
a	O
59	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
used	O
Dormex	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
contains	O
hydrogen	B-Chemical
cyanamide	I-Chemical
,	O
without	O
protection	O
after	O
consuming	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
during	O
a	O
meal	O
.	O

In	O
less	O
than	O
1	O
hour	O
after	O
the	O
ingestion	O
of	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
,	O
he	O
developed	O
malaise	O
with	O
flushing	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
face	I-Disease
,	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
dyspnea	B-Disease
.	O

Manifestations	O
regressed	O
spontaneously	O
under	O
surveillance	O
in	O
the	O
hospital	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
case	O
occurred	O
in	O
a	O
55	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
farmer	O
following	O
cutaneous	O
contact	O
with	O
Dormex	B-Chemical
.	O

Five	O
hours	O
after	O
exposure	O
,	O
he	O
developed	O
disulfiram	B-Chemical
-	O
like	O
syndrome	O
with	O
flushing	B-Disease
,	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
arterial	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
after	O
consuming	O
three	O
glasses	O
of	O
wine	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
recovered	O
spontaneously	O
in	O
3	O
hours	O
under	O
surveillance	O
in	O
the	O
hospital	O
.	O

These	O
cases	O
confirm	O
the	O
necessity	O
of	O
avoiding	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
as	O
recommended	O
in	O
the	O
instructions	O
for	O
use	O
of	O
Dormex	B-Chemical
and	O
of	O
preventing	O
cutaneous	O
contact	O
during	O
use	O
.	O

Sulpiride	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tardive	B-Disease
dystonia	I-Disease
.	O

Sulpiride	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
selective	O
D2	O
-	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
with	O
antipsychotic	O
and	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
properties	O
.	O

Although	O
initially	O
thought	O
to	O
be	O
free	O
of	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
,	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tardive	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
and	O
parkinsonism	B-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
occasionally	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
a	O
37	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
developed	O
persistent	O
segmental	O
dystonia	B-Disease
within	O
2	O
months	O
after	O
starting	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
could	O
not	O
find	O
any	O
previous	O
reports	O
of	O
sulpiride	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tardive	B-Disease
dystonia	I-Disease
.	O

Comparative	O
cognitive	O
and	O
subjective	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
immediate	O
-	O
release	O
oxycodone	B-Chemical
in	O
healthy	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
and	O
older	O
adults	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
measured	O
the	O
objective	O
and	O
subjective	O
neurocognitive	O
effects	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
10	O
-	O
mg	O
dose	O
of	O
immediate	O
-	O
release	O
oxycodone	B-Chemical
in	O
healthy	O
,	O
older	O
(	O
>	O
65	O
years	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
(	O
35	O
to	O
55	O
years	O
)	O
adults	O
who	O
were	O
not	O
suffering	O
from	O
chronic	O
or	O
significant	O
daily	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Seventy	O
-	O
one	O
participants	O
completed	O
2	O
separate	O
study	O
days	O
and	O
were	O
blind	O
to	O
medication	O
condition	O
(	O
placebo	O
,	O
10	O
-	O
mg	O
oxycodone	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Plasma	O
oxycodone	B-Chemical
concentration	O
peaked	O
between	O
60	O
and	O
90	O
minutes	O
postdose	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
and	O
pupil	O
size	O
,	O
an	O
indication	O
of	O
physiological	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
medication	O
,	O
peaked	O
at	O
approximately	O
90	O
to	O
120	O
minutes	O
postdose	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Significant	O
declines	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
simple	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
sustained	I-Disease
attention	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
working	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
verbal	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
were	O
observed	O
at	O
1	O
hour	O
postdose	O
compared	O
to	O
baseline	O
for	O
both	O
age	O
groups	O
with	O
a	O
trend	O
toward	O
return	O
to	O
baseline	O
by	O
5	O
hours	O
postdose	O
.	O

For	O
almost	O
all	O
cognitive	O
measures	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
medication	O
by	O
age	O
-	O
interaction	O
effects	O
,	O
which	O
indicates	O
that	O
the	O
2	O
age	O
groups	O
exhibited	O
similar	O
responses	O
to	O
the	O
medication	O
challenge	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
suggests	O
that	O
for	O
healthy	O
older	O
adults	O
who	O
are	O
not	O
suffering	O
from	O
chronic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
neurocognitive	O
and	O
pharmacodynamic	O
changes	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
mg	O
dose	O
of	O
immediate	O
-	O
release	O
oxycodone	B-Chemical
are	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
observed	O
for	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
adults	O
.	O

PERSPECTIVE	O
:	O
Study	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
metabolism	O
,	O
neurocognitive	O
effects	O
,	O
and	O
physical	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
oral	O
oxycodone	B-Chemical
are	O
similar	O
for	O
healthy	O
middle	O
-	O
aged	O
and	O
older	O
adults	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
clinicians	O
should	O
not	O
avoid	O
prescribing	O
oral	O
opioids	O
to	O
older	O
adults	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
belief	O
that	O
older	O
adults	O
are	O
at	O
higher	O
risk	O
for	O
side	O
effects	O
than	O
younger	O
adults	O
.	O

The	O
glycine	B-Chemical
transporter	O
-	O
1	O
inhibitor	O
SSR103800	B-Chemical
displays	O
a	O
selective	O
and	O
specific	O
antipsychotic	O
-	O
like	O
profile	O
in	O
normal	O
and	O
transgenic	O
mice	O
.	O

Schizophrenia	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
initially	O
associated	O
with	O
dysfunction	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
neurotransmission	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
observation	O
that	O
antagonists	O
of	O
the	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
receptor	O
produce	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
symptoms	O
in	O
humans	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
idea	O
of	O
a	O
dysfunctioning	O
of	O
the	O
glutamatergic	O
system	O
via	O
its	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
growing	O
interest	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
pharmacological	O
agents	O
with	O
potential	O
antipsychotic	O
properties	O
that	O
enhance	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
glutamatergic	O
system	O
via	O
a	O
modulation	O
of	O
the	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
.	O

Among	O
them	O
are	O
glycine	B-Chemical
transporter	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
GlyT1	O
)	O
inhibitors	O
such	O
as	O
SSR103800	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
indirectly	O
enhance	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
function	O
by	O
increasing	O
the	O
glycine	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
co	O
-	O
agonist	O
for	O
the	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
)	O
levels	O
in	O
the	O
synapse	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
aimed	O
at	O
investigating	O
the	O
potential	O
antipsychotic	O
-	O
like	O
properties	O
of	O
SSR103800	B-Chemical
,	O
with	O
a	O
particular	O
focus	O
on	O
models	O
of	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
,	O
involving	O
either	O
drug	O
challenge	O
(	O
ie	O
,	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
and	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
)	O
or	O
transgenic	O
mice	O
(	O
ie	O
,	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
Nr1	O
(	O
neo	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
and	O
DAT	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
)	O
.	O

Results	O
showed	O
that	O
SSR103800	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
-	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
blocked	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
competitive	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
801	I-Chemical
and	O
partially	O
reversed	O
spontaneous	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
of	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
Nr1	O
(	O
neo	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
SSR103800	B-Chemical
failed	O
to	O
affect	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
or	O
naturally	O
observed	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
transporter	O
(	O
DAT	O
(	O
-	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
)	O
knockout	O
mice	O
(	O
10	O
-	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Importantly	O
,	O
both	O
classical	O
(	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
atypical	O
(	O
olanzapine	B-Chemical
,	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
and	O
aripiprazole	B-Chemical
)	O
antipsychotics	O
were	O
effective	O
in	O
all	O
these	O
models	O
of	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
unlike	O
these	O
latter	O
,	O
SSR103800	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
produce	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
(	O
retention	O
on	O
the	O
bar	O
test	O
)	O
up	O
to	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O

Together	O
these	O
findings	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
GlyT1	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
SSR103800	B-Chemical
,	O
produces	O
antipsychotic	O
-	O
like	O
effects	O
,	O
which	O
differ	O
from	O
those	O
observed	O
with	O
compounds	O
primarily	O
targeting	O
the	O
dopaminergic	O
system	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
reduced	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
potential	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
these	O
latter	O
drugs	O
.	O

Pyrrolidine	B-Chemical
dithiocarbamate	I-Chemical
protects	O
the	O
piriform	O
cortex	O
in	O
the	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
model	O
.	O

Pyrrolidine	B-Chemical
dithiocarbamate	I-Chemical
(	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
)	O
has	O
a	O
dual	O
mechanism	O
of	O
action	O
as	O
an	O
antioxidant	O
and	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
the	O
transcription	O
factor	O
kappa	O
-	O
beta	O
.	O

Both	O
,	O
production	O
of	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
activation	O
of	O
NF	O
-	O
kappaB	O
have	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
severe	O
neuronal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
different	O
sub	O
-	O
regions	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
the	O
surrounding	O
cortices	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
on	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
-	O
associated	O
cell	O
loss	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
and	O
piriform	O
cortex	O
was	O
evaluated	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
fractionated	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
model	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
150	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
before	O
and	O
following	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
mortality	O
rate	O
to	O
100	O
%	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
(	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
exert	O
major	O
effects	O
on	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
a	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
or	O
the	O
mortality	O
rate	O
.	O

In	O
vehicle	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
caused	O
pronounced	O
neuronal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
piriform	O
cortex	O
comprising	O
both	O
pyramidal	O
cells	O
and	O
interneurons	O
.	O

Low	O
-	O
dose	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
treatment	O
almost	O
completely	O
protected	O
from	O
lesions	O
in	O
the	O
piriform	O
cortex	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
neuronal	O
density	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampal	O
hilar	O
formation	O
was	O
identified	O
in	O
vehicle	O
-	O
and	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
following	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
NF	O
-	O
kappaB	O
inhibitor	O
and	O
antioxidant	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
protected	O
the	O
piriform	O
cortex	O
,	O
whereas	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
hilar	O
neuronal	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
data	O
might	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
generation	O
of	O
reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
and	O
activation	O
of	O
NF	O
-	O
kappaB	O
plays	O
a	O
more	O
central	O
role	O
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
associated	O
neuronal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
temporal	O
cortex	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
hippocampal	O
hilus	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
future	O
investigations	O
are	O
necessary	O
to	O
exactly	O
analyze	O
the	O
biochemical	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
PDTC	B-Chemical
exerted	O
its	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
in	O
the	O
piriform	O
cortex	O
.	O

Anaesthetists	O
'	O
nightmare	O
:	O
masseter	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
after	O
induction	O
in	O
an	O
undiagnosed	O
case	O
of	O
myotonia	B-Disease
congenita	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
an	O
undiagnosed	O
case	O
of	O
myotonia	B-Disease
congenita	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
24	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
previously	O
healthy	O
primigravida	O
,	O
who	O
developed	O
life	O
threatening	O
masseter	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
following	O
a	O
standard	O
dose	O
of	O
intravenous	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
for	O
induction	O
of	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

Neither	O
the	O
patient	O
nor	O
the	O
anaesthetist	O
was	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
before	O
this	O
potentially	O
lethal	O
complication	O
occurred	O
.	O

Twin	O
preterm	O
neonates	O
with	O
cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
lopinavir	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
ritonavir	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
twin	O
neonates	O
who	O
were	O
born	O
prematurely	O
at	O
32	O
weeks	O
of	O
gestation	O
to	O
a	O
mother	O
with	O
human	B-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

One	O
of	O
the	O
twins	O
developed	O
complete	O
heart	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
and	O
dilated	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
lopinavir	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
ritonavir	I-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
a	O
boosted	O
protease	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
agent	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
other	O
twin	O
developed	O
mild	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
recommend	O
caution	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
lopinavir	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
ritonavir	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
immediate	O
neonatal	O
period	O
.	O

When	O
drugs	O
disappear	O
from	O
the	O
patient	O
:	O
elimination	O
of	O
intravenous	O
medication	O
by	O
hemodiafiltration	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
three	O
hours	O
after	O
heart	O
transplantation	O
,	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
acute	O
right	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
requiring	O
continuous	O
venovenous	O
hemodiafiltration	O
(	O
CVVHDF	O
)	O
.	O

Increasing	O
doses	O
of	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
,	O
sedatives	O
,	O
and	O
muscle	O
relaxants	O
administered	O
through	O
a	O
central	O
venous	O
catheter	O
were	O
ineffective	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
a	O
bolus	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
injected	O
through	O
an	O
alternative	O
catheter	O
provoked	O
a	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
crisis	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
interference	O
with	O
the	O
central	O
venous	O
infusion	O
by	O
the	O
dialysis	O
catheter	O
was	O
suspected	O
.	O

The	O
catheters	O
were	O
changed	O
,	O
and	O
hemodynamics	O
stabilized	O
at	O
lower	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
doses	O
.	O

When	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
IV	O
drugs	O
are	O
inadequate	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
CVVHDF	O
,	O
interference	O
with	O
adjacent	O
catheters	O
resulting	O
in	O
elimination	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
by	O
CVVHDF	O
should	O
be	O
suspected	O
.	O

Less	O
frequent	O
lithium	B-Chemical
administration	O
and	O
lower	O
urine	O
volume	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
patients	O
maintained	O
on	O
a	O
regimen	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
on	O
a	O
once	O
-	O
per	O
-	O
day	O
schedule	O
have	O
lower	O
urine	O
volumes	O
than	O
do	O
patients	O
receiving	O
multiple	O
doses	O
per	O
day	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
This	O
was	O
a	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
study	O
of	O
85	O
patients	O
from	O
a	O
lithium	B-Chemical
clinic	O
who	O
received	O
different	O
dose	O
schedules	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
for	O
measurement	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
level	O
,	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
,	O
urine	O
volume	O
,	O
and	O
maximum	O
osmolality	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Multiple	O
daily	O
doses	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
were	O
associated	O
with	O
higher	O
urine	O
volumes	O
.	O

The	O
dosing	O
schedule	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
and	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
affect	O
maximum	O
osmolality	O
or	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Urine	O
volume	O
can	O
be	O
reduced	O
by	O
giving	O
lithium	B-Chemical
once	O
daily	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
by	O
lowering	O
the	O
total	O
daily	O
dose	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polyuria	B-Disease
seems	O
to	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
extrarenal	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
to	O
renal	O
effects	O
.	O

Antibacterial	O
medication	O
use	O
during	O
pregnancy	O
and	O
risk	O
of	O
birth	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
:	O
National	O
Birth	B-Disease
Defects	I-Disease
Prevention	O
Study	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
estimate	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
antibacterial	O
medications	O
and	O
selected	O
birth	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
.	O

DESIGN	O
,	O
SETTING	O
,	O
AND	O
PARTICIPANTS	O
:	O
Population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
multisite	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
of	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
pregnancies	O
affected	O
by	O
1	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
30	O
eligible	O
major	O
birth	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
identified	O
via	O
birth	B-Disease
defect	I-Disease
surveillance	O
programs	O
in	O
10	O
states	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
13	O
155	O
)	O
and	O
control	O
women	O
randomly	O
selected	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
geographical	O
regions	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4941	O
)	O
.	O

MAIN	O
EXPOSURE	O
:	O
Reported	O
maternal	O
use	O
of	O
antibacterials	O
(	O
1	O
month	O
before	O
pregnancy	O
through	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
trimester	O
)	O
.	O

MAIN	O
OUTCOME	O
MEASURE	O
:	O
Odds	O
ratios	O
(	O
ORs	O
)	O
measuring	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
antibacterial	O
use	O
and	O
selected	O
birth	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
adjusted	O
for	O
potential	O
confounders	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
reported	O
use	O
of	O
antibacterials	O
increased	O
during	O
pregnancy	O
,	O
peaking	O
during	O
the	O
third	O
month	O
.	O

Sulfonamides	B-Chemical
were	O
associated	O
with	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
(	O
adjusted	O
OR	O
[	O
AOR	O
]	O
=	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
,	O
hypoplastic	B-Disease
left	I-Disease
heart	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
coarctation	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
aorta	I-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
)	O
,	O
choanal	B-Disease
atresia	I-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
8	O
.	O
0	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
23	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
transverse	B-Disease
limb	I-Disease
deficiency	I-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
diaphragmatic	B-Disease
hernia	I-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

Nitrofurantoins	B-Chemical
were	O
associated	O
with	O
anophthalmia	B-Disease
or	O
microphthalmos	B-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
hypoplastic	B-Disease
left	I-Disease
heart	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
atrial	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
cleft	B-Disease
lip	I-Disease
with	O
cleft	B-Disease
palate	I-Disease
(	O
AOR	O
=	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
.	O

Other	O
antibacterial	O
agents	O
that	O
showed	O
associations	O
included	O
erythromycins	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
defects	O
)	O
,	O
penicillins	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
defect	O
)	O
,	O
cephalosporins	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
defect	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
quinolones	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
defect	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Reassuringly	O
,	O
penicillins	B-Chemical
,	O
erythromycins	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
cephalosporins	B-Chemical
,	O
although	O
used	O
commonly	O
by	O
pregnant	O
women	O
,	O
were	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
many	O
birth	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
.	O

Sulfonamides	B-Chemical
and	O
nitrofurantoins	B-Chemical
were	O
associated	O
with	O
several	O
birth	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
need	O
for	O
additional	O
scrutiny	O
.	O

Differential	O
impact	O
of	O
immune	O
escape	O
mutations	O
G145R	O
and	O
P120T	O
on	O
the	O
replication	O
of	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
-	O
resistant	O
hepatitis	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
virus	I-Chemical
e	I-Chemical
antigen	I-Chemical
-	O
positive	O
and	O
-	O
negative	O
strains	O
.	O

Immune	O
escape	O
variants	O
of	O
the	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
B	I-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HBV	O
)	O
represent	O
an	O
emerging	O
clinical	O
challenge	O
,	O
because	O
they	O
can	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
vaccine	O
escape	O
,	O
HBV	O
reactivation	O
,	O
and	O
failure	O
of	O
diagnostic	O
tests	O
.	O

Recent	O
data	O
suggest	O
a	O
preferential	O
selection	O
of	O
immune	O
escape	O
mutants	O
in	O
distinct	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
leukocyte	O
compartments	O
of	O
infected	O
individuals	O
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
systematically	O
analyzed	O
the	O
functional	O
impact	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
prevalent	O
immune	O
escape	O
variants	O
,	O
the	O
sG145R	O
and	O
sP120T	O
mutants	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
viral	O
replication	O
efficacy	O
and	O
antiviral	O
drug	O
susceptibility	O
of	O
common	O
treatment	O
-	O
associated	O
mutants	O
with	O
resistance	O
to	O
lamivudine	B-Chemical
(	O
LAM	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
negativity	O
.	O

Replication	O
-	O
competent	O
HBV	O
strains	O
with	O
sG145R	O
or	O
sP120T	O
and	O
LAM	B-Chemical
resistance	O
(	O
rtM204I	O
or	O
rtL180M	O
/	O
rtM204V	O
)	O
were	O
generated	O
on	O
an	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
-	O
positive	O
and	O
an	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
-	O
negative	O
background	O
with	O
precore	O
(	O
PC	O
)	O
and	O
basal	O
core	O
promoter	O
(	O
BCP	O
)	O
mutants	O
.	O

The	O
sG145R	O
mutation	O
strongly	O
reduced	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
fully	O
restore	O
the	O
impaired	O
replication	O
of	O
LAM	B-Chemical
-	O
resistant	O
HBV	O
mutants	O
to	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
HBV	O
,	O
and	O
PC	O
or	O
BCP	O
mutations	O
further	O
enhanced	O
viral	O
replication	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
sP120T	O
substitution	O
also	O
impaired	O
HBsAg	B-Chemical
secretion	O
,	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
enhance	O
the	O
replication	O
of	O
LAM	B-Chemical
-	O
resistant	O
clones	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
concomitant	O
occurrence	O
of	O
HBeAg	B-Chemical
negativity	O
(	O
PC	O
/	O
BCP	O
)	O
,	O
sP120T	O
,	O
and	O
LAM	B-Chemical
resistance	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
restoration	O
of	O
replication	O
to	O
levels	O
of	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
HBV	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
clones	O
with	O
combined	O
immune	O
escape	O
and	O
LAM	B-Chemical
resistance	O
mutations	O
,	O
the	O
nucleotide	B-Chemical
analogues	O
adefovir	B-Chemical
and	O
tenofovir	B-Chemical
remained	O
effective	O
in	O
suppressing	O
viral	O
replication	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
reveal	O
the	O
differential	O
impact	O
of	O
immune	O
escape	O
variants	O
on	O
the	O
replication	O
and	O
drug	O
susceptibility	O
of	O
complex	O
HBV	O
mutants	O
,	O
supporting	O
the	O
need	O
of	O
close	O
surveillance	O
and	O
treatment	O
adjustment	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
selection	O
of	O
distinct	O
mutational	O
patterns	O
.	O

Hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
omeprazole	B-Chemical
.	O

Omeprazole	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
first	O
drug	O
designed	O
to	O
block	O
the	O
final	O
step	O
in	O
the	O
acid	O
secretory	O
process	O
within	O
the	O
parietal	O
cell	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
extremely	O
effective	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
peptic	B-Disease
ulcer	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
reflux	B-Disease
esophagitis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
Zollinger	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Ellison	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Although	O
clinical	O
experience	O
with	O
omeprazole	B-Chemical
is	O
still	O
limited	O
,	O
many	O
controlled	O
studies	O
have	O
established	O
the	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
safety	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
serious	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
adverse	O
reaction	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
omeprazole	B-Chemical
:	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
patient	O
developed	O
weakness	O
,	O
lethargy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
shortness	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
breath	I-Disease
2	O
days	O
after	O
starting	O
therapy	O
with	O
omeprazole	B-Chemical
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
her	O
hematocrit	O
had	O
decreased	O
from	O
44	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
to	O
20	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
had	O
a	O
positive	O
direct	O
Coombs	O
antiglobulin	O
test	O
and	O
an	O
elevated	O
indirect	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
she	O
discontinued	O
the	O
omeprazole	B-Chemical
,	O
her	O
hemoglobin	O
and	O
hematocrit	O
gradually	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
by	O
which	O
omeprazole	B-Chemical
caused	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
is	O
uncertain	O
,	O
but	O
physicians	O
should	O
be	O
alerted	O
to	O
this	O
possible	O
adverse	O
effect	O
.	O

Phenylephrine	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
reduces	B-Disease
frontal	I-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
oxygenation	I-Disease
following	O
anesthesia	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Vasopressor	O
agents	O
are	O
used	O
to	O
correct	O
anesthesia	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
describe	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
and	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
on	O
frontal	O
lobe	O
oxygenation	O
(	O
S	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
O	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
following	O
anesthesia	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Following	O
induction	O
of	O
anesthesia	O
by	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
mg	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
)	O
and	O
propofol	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
)	O
,	O
13	O
patients	O
received	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
iv	O
)	O
and	O
12	O
patients	O
received	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
iv	O
)	O
to	O
restore	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
.	O

Heart	O
rate	O
(	O
HR	O
)	O
,	O
MAP	O
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
volume	O
(	O
SV	O
)	O
,	O
cardiac	O
output	O
(	O
CO	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
frontal	O
lobe	O
oxygenation	O
(	O
S	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
O	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
were	O
registered	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Induction	O
of	O
anesthesia	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
a	B-Disease
decrease	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
MAP	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
HR	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
SV	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
CO	I-Disease
concomitant	O
with	O
an	O
elevation	O
in	O
S	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
O	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
administration	O
of	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
,	O
MAP	O
increased	O
(	O
51	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
to	O
81	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
mmHg	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
;	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
a	O
14	O
%	O
(	O
from	O
70	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
%	O
to	O
60	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
reduction	O
in	O
S	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
O	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
followed	O
with	O
no	O
change	O
in	O
CO	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
l	O
min	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
led	O
to	O
a	O
similar	O
increase	O
in	O
MAP	O
(	O
53	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
to	O
79	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
mmHg	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
restored	O
CO	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
l	O
min	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
preserved	O
S	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
O	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
utilization	O
of	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
to	O
correct	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
anesthesia	O
has	O
a	O
negative	O
impact	O
on	O
S	O
(	O
c	O
)	O
O	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
while	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
maintains	O
frontal	O
lobe	O
oxygenation	O
potentially	O
related	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
CO	O
.	O

Prolonged	O
elevation	O
of	O
plasma	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
cardiac	O
transplant	O
patient	O
with	O
a	O
suspected	O
history	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
with	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Direct	O
thrombin	O
inhibitors	O
(	O
DTIs	O
)	O
provide	O
an	O
alternative	O
method	O
of	O
anticoagulation	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
heparin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
(	O
HIT	B-Disease
)	O
or	O
HIT	B-Disease
with	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
(	O
HITT	B-Disease
)	O
undergoing	O
cardiopulmonary	O
bypass	O
(	O
CPB	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
following	O
report	O
,	O
a	O
65	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
critically	B-Disease
ill	I-Disease
patient	O
with	O
a	O
suspected	O
history	O
of	O
HITT	B-Disease
was	O
administered	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
for	O
anticoagulation	O
on	O
bypass	O
during	O
heart	O
transplantation	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
required	O
massive	O
transfusion	O
support	O
(	O
55	O
units	O
of	O
red	O
blood	O
cells	O
,	O
42	O
units	O
of	O
fresh	O
-	O
frozen	O
plasma	O
,	O
40	O
units	O
of	O
cryoprecipitate	O
,	O
40	O
units	O
of	O
platelets	O
,	O
and	O
three	O
doses	O
of	O
recombinant	O
Factor	O
VIIa	O
)	O
for	O
severe	O
intraoperative	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
postoperative	I-Disease
bleeding	I-Disease
.	O

STUDY	O
DESIGN	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Plasma	O
samples	O
from	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
CPB	O
were	O
analyzed	O
postoperatively	O
for	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
concentration	O
using	O
a	O
modified	O
ecarin	O
clotting	O
time	O
(	O
ECT	O
)	O
assay	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Unexpectedly	O
high	O
concentrations	O
of	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
were	O
measured	O
in	O
these	O
samples	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
0	O
-	O
32	O
microg	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
prolonged	O
plasma	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
half	O
life	O
(	O
t	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
)	O
)	O
of	O
514	O
minutes	O
was	O
observed	O
(	O
published	O
elimination	O
t	O
(	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
)	O
is	O
39	O
-	O
51	O
minutes	O
[	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
181	O
minutes	O
with	O
hepatic	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
]	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Correlation	O
of	O
plasma	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
concentration	O
versus	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
coagulation	O
variables	O
and	O
clinical	O
course	O
suggest	O
that	O
prolonged	O
elevated	O
levels	O
of	O
plasma	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
extended	O
coagulopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Because	O
DTIs	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
reversal	O
agents	O
,	O
surgical	O
teams	O
and	O
transfusion	O
services	O
should	O
remain	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
possibility	O
of	O
massive	O
transfusion	O
events	O
during	O
anticoagulation	O
with	O
these	O
agents	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
to	O
measure	O
plasma	O
argatroban	B-Chemical
concentration	O
in	O
the	O
context	O
of	O
CPB	O
and	O
extended	O
coagulopathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
adjunctive	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
on	O
male	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
selective	B-Chemical
serotonin	I-Chemical
reuptake	I-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
and	O
randomized	O
study	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
adjunctive	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
(	O
SR	O
)	O
on	O
male	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
(	O
SD	B-Disease
)	O
induced	O
by	O
a	O
selective	B-Chemical
serotonin	I-Chemical
reuptake	I-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
(	O
SSRI	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
as	O
SD	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
common	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
of	O
SSRIs	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
treatments	O
have	O
yet	O
to	O
be	O
determined	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
randomized	O
sample	O
consisted	O
of	O
234	O
euthymic	O
men	O
who	O
were	O
receiving	O
some	O
type	O
of	O
SSRI	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
men	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
SR	O
(	O
150	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
,	O
117	O
)	O
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
twice	O
daily	O
,	O
117	O
)	O
for	O
12	O
weeks	O
.	O

Efficacy	O
was	O
evaluated	O
using	O
the	O
Clinical	O
Global	O
Impression	O
-	O
Sexual	O
Function	O
(	O
CGI	O
-	O
SF	O
;	O
the	O
primary	O
outcome	O
measure	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
International	O
Index	O
of	O
Erectile	O
Function	O
(	O
IIEF	O
)	O
,	O
Arizona	O
Sexual	O
Experience	O
Scale	O
(	O
ASEX	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Erectile	B-Disease
Dysfunction	I-Disease
Inventory	O
of	O
Treatment	O
Satisfaction	O
(	O
EDITS	O
)	O
(	O
secondary	O
outcome	O
measures	O
)	O
.	O

Participants	O
were	O
followed	O
biweekly	O
during	O
study	O
period	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
After	O
12	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
the	O
mean	O
(	O
sd	O
)	O
scores	O
for	O
CGI	O
-	O
SF	O
were	O
significantly	O
lower	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
better	O
,	O
in	O
patients	O
on	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
SR	O
,	O
at	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
,	O
at	O
3	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

Men	O
who	O
received	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
had	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
total	O
IIEF	O
score	O
(	O
54	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
vs	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
003	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
five	O
different	O
domains	O
of	O
the	O
IIEF	O
.	O

Total	O
ASEX	O
scores	O
were	O
significantly	O
lower	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
better	O
,	O
among	O
men	O
who	O
received	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
than	O
placebo	O
,	O
at	O
15	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
)	O
vs	O
21	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
EDITS	O
scores	O
were	O
67	O
.	O
4	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
and	O
36	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
ASEX	O
score	O
and	O
CGI	O
-	O
SF	O
score	O
were	O
correlated	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
003	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
linear	O
regression	O
analyses	O
the	O
CGI	O
-	O
SF	O
score	O
was	O
not	O
affected	O
significantly	O
by	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
SD	B-Disease
,	O
type	O
of	O
SSRI	B-Chemical
used	O
and	O
age	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Bupropion	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
effective	O
treatment	O
for	O
male	O
SD	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
SSRIs	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
results	O
provide	O
empirical	O
support	O
for	O
conducting	O
a	O
further	O
study	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
.	O

Prevention	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
reorganization	O
of	O
hippocampal	O
functions	O
by	O
transplantation	O
of	O
bone	O
marrow	O
cells	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
phase	O
of	O
experimental	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
potential	O
of	O
bone	O
marrow	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
BMCs	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

BMCs	O
obtained	O
from	O
green	O
fluorescent	O
protein	O
(	O
GFP	O
)	O
transgenic	O
mice	O
or	O
rats	O
were	O
transplanted	O
intravenously	O
after	O
induction	O
of	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
SE	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Spontaneous	B-Disease
recurrent	I-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
(	O
SRS	B-Disease
)	O
were	O
monitored	O
using	O
Racine	O
'	O
s	O
seizure	B-Disease
severity	O
scale	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
the	O
rats	O
in	O
the	O
saline	O
-	O
treated	O
epileptic	B-Disease
control	O
group	O
developed	O
SRS	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
none	O
of	O
the	O
BMC	O
-	O
treated	O
epileptic	B-Disease
animals	O
had	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
short	O
term	O
(	O
15	O
days	O
after	O
transplantation	O
)	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
BMC	O
source	O
.	O

Over	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
chronic	O
phase	O
(	O
120	O
days	O
after	O
transplantation	O
)	O
,	O
only	O
25	O
%	O
of	O
BMC	O
-	O
treated	O
epileptic	B-Disease
animals	O
had	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
with	O
a	O
lower	O
frequency	O
and	O
duration	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
epileptic	B-Disease
control	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
density	O
of	O
hippocampal	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
brains	O
of	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
BMCs	O
was	O
markedly	O
preserved	O
.	O

At	O
hippocampal	O
Schaeffer	O
collateral	O
-	O
CA1	O
synapses	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
potentiation	O
was	O
preserved	O
in	O
BMC	O
-	O
transplanted	O
rats	O
compared	O
to	O
epileptic	B-Disease
controls	O
.	O

The	O
donor	O
-	O
derived	O
GFP	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
cells	O
were	O
rarely	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
brains	O
of	O
transplanted	O
epileptic	B-Disease
rats	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
treatment	O
with	O
BMCs	O
can	O
prevent	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
chronic	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
reduce	O
neuronal	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
influence	O
the	O
reorganization	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampal	O
neuronal	O
network	O
.	O

Normalizing	O
effects	O
of	O
modafinil	B-Chemical
on	O
sleep	O
in	O
chronic	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
morning	O
-	O
dosed	O
modafinil	B-Chemical
on	O
sleep	O
and	O
daytime	B-Disease
sleepiness	I-Disease
in	O
chronic	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Twenty	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
participants	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
receive	O
modafinil	B-Chemical
,	O
400	O
mg	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
placebo	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
every	O
morning	O
at	O
7	O
:	O
30	O
a	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
for	O
16	O
days	O
in	O
an	O
inpatient	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
randomized	O
trial	O
.	O

Participants	O
underwent	O
polysomnographic	O
sleep	O
recordings	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
to	O
3	O
,	O
7	O
to	O
9	O
,	O
and	O
14	O
to	O
16	O
(	O
first	O
,	O
second	O
,	O
and	O
third	O
weeks	O
of	O
abstinence	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
Multiple	O
Sleep	O
Latency	O
Test	O
was	O
performed	O
at	O
11	O
:	O
30	O
a	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
,	O
2	O
:	O
00	O
p	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
,	O
and	O
4	O
:	O
30	O
p	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
15	O
.	O

For	O
comparison	O
of	O
sleep	O
architecture	O
variables	O
,	O
12	O
healthy	O
comparison	O
participants	O
underwent	O
a	O
single	O
night	O
of	O
experimental	O
polysomnography	O
that	O
followed	O
1	O
night	O
of	O
accommodation	O
polysomnography	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Progressive	O
abstinence	O
from	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
worsening	O
of	O
all	O
measured	O
polysomnographic	O
sleep	O
outcomes	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
,	O
modafinil	B-Chemical
decreased	O
nighttime	O
sleep	O
latency	O
and	O
increased	O
slow	O
-	O
wave	O
sleep	O
time	O
in	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
participants	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
modafinil	B-Chemical
interacted	O
with	O
the	O
abstinence	O
week	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
longer	O
total	O
sleep	O
time	O
and	O
shorter	O
REM	O
sleep	O
latency	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
week	O
of	O
abstinence	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
slow	O
-	O
wave	O
sleep	O
time	O
,	O
total	O
sleep	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
sleep	O
latency	O
in	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
and	O
healthy	O
participants	O
revealed	O
a	O
normalizing	O
effect	O
of	O
modafinil	B-Chemical
in	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
participants	O
.	O

Modafinil	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
daytime	O
sleep	O
latency	O
,	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
the	O
Multiple	O
Sleep	O
Latency	O
Test	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
nearly	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
subjective	O
daytime	B-Disease
sleepiness	I-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Morning	O
-	O
dosed	O
modafinil	B-Chemical
promotes	O
nocturnal	O
sleep	O
,	O
normalizes	O
sleep	O
architecture	O
,	O
and	O
decreases	O
daytime	B-Disease
sleepiness	I-Disease
in	O
abstinent	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
may	O
be	O
relevant	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
dependence	O
.	O

Safety	O
of	O
transesophageal	O
echocardiography	O
in	O
adults	O
:	O
study	O
in	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
hospital	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
TEE	O
is	O
a	O
semi	O
-	O
invasive	O
tool	O
broadly	O
used	O
and	O
its	O
utilization	O
associated	O
to	O
sedatives	O
drugs	O
might	O
to	O
affect	O
the	O
procedure	O
safety	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
to	O
analyze	O
aspects	O
of	O
TEE	O
safety	O
associated	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
Midazolan	B-Chemical
(	O
MZ	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
Flumazenil	B-Chemical
(	O
FL	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
clinical	O
variables	O
on	O
the	O
event	O
rate	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
prospective	O
study	O
with	O
137	O
patients	O
that	O
underwent	O
TEE	O
with	O
MZ	B-Chemical
associated	O
to	O
moderate	O
sedation	O
.	O

We	O
analyzed	O
the	O
following	O
events	O
:	O
complications	O
related	O
with	O
the	O
topical	O
anesthesia	O
,	O
with	O
MZ	B-Chemical
use	O
and	O
with	O
the	O
procedure	O
.	O

Uni	O
-	O
and	O
multivariate	O
analyses	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
test	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
clinical	O
variables	O
:	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
,	O
myocardiopathy	B-Disease
(	O
MP	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
test	O
,	O
mitral	B-Disease
regurgitation	I-Disease
(	O
MR	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
the	O
MZ	B-Chemical
dose	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
patients	O
(	O
65	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
yrs	O
;	O
58	O
%	O
males	O
)	O
finished	O
the	O
examination	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
doses	O
of	O
MZ	B-Chemical
and	O
FL	B-Chemical
were	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
28	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

The	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
examination	O
and	O
the	O
mean	O
ejection	O
fraction	O
(	O
EF	O
)	O
were	O
16	O
.	O
4	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
minutes	O
and	O
60	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Mild	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
(	O
SO2	O
<	O
90	O
%	O
)	O
was	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
event	O
(	O
11	O
patients	O
)	O
;	O
3	O
patients	O
(	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
presented	O
transient	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
upper	O
airway	B-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
by	O
probe	O
introduction	O
and	O
8	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
due	O
to	O
hypoxia	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
MZ	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Transient	O
hypotension	B-Disease
(	O
SAP	O
<	O
90mmHg	O
)	O
occurred	O
in	O
1	O
patient	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
multivariate	O
analysis	O
showed	O
that	O
severe	O
MR	B-Disease
,	O
MP	B-Disease
(	O
EF	O
<	O
45	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
MZ	B-Chemical
(	O
>	O
5mg	O
)	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
events	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
EF	O
was	O
40	O
%	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
with	O
MP	B-Disease
and	O
44	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
with	O
severe	O
MR	B-Disease
and	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
a	O
factor	O
associated	O
with	O
clinical	O
events	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
group	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
TEE	O
with	O
sedation	O
presents	O
a	O
low	O
rate	O
of	O
events	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
severe	O
events	O
and	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
interrupt	O
the	O
examinations	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
direct	O
intracoronary	O
administration	O
of	O
methylergonovine	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
variant	B-Disease
angina	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
intracoronary	O
administration	O
of	O
methylergonovine	B-Chemical
were	O
studied	O
in	O
21	O
patients	O
with	O
variant	B-Disease
angina	I-Disease
and	O
22	O
patients	O
with	O
atypical	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
and	O
in	O
others	O
without	O
angina	B-Disease
pectoris	I-Disease
(	O
control	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

Methylergonovine	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
continuously	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
10	O
micrograms	O
/	O
min	O
up	O
to	O
50	O
micrograms	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
patients	O
with	O
variant	B-Disease
angina	I-Disease
,	O
coronary	B-Disease
spasm	I-Disease
was	O
provoked	O
at	O
a	O
mean	O
dose	O
of	O
28	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
micrograms	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
neither	O
ischemic	O
ST	O
change	O
nor	O
localized	O
spasm	B-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

The	O
basal	O
tone	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
coronary	O
artery	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
left	O
coronary	O
artery	O
.	O

The	O
percentage	O
of	O
vasoconstriction	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
coronary	O
artery	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
left	O
coronary	O
artery	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
spasm	B-Disease
provocation	O
tests	O
,	O
which	O
use	O
an	O
intracoronary	O
injection	O
of	O
a	O
relatively	O
low	O
dose	O
of	O
methylergonovine	B-Chemical
,	O
have	O
a	O
high	O
sensitivity	O
in	O
variant	B-Disease
angina	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
vasoreactivity	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
coronary	O
artery	O
may	O
be	O
greater	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
coronary	O
arteries	O
.	O

Oral	O
manifestations	O
of	O
"	O
meth	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
"	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

AIM	O
:	O
The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
documentation	O
of	O
this	O
clinical	O
case	O
is	O
to	O
make	O
clinicians	O
aware	O
of	O
"	O
meth	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
"	O
and	O
the	O
medical	O
risks	O
associated	O
with	O
this	O
serious	O
condition	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
very	O
addictive	O
,	O
powerful	O
stimulant	O
that	O
increases	O
wakefulness	O
and	O
physical	O
activity	O
and	O
can	O
produce	O
other	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysrhythmias	I-Disease
,	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
violent	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
.	O

Dental	O
patients	O
abusing	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
can	O
present	O
with	O
poor	O
oral	O
hygiene	O
,	O
xerostomia	B-Disease
,	O
rampant	O
caries	B-Disease
(	O
"	O
meth	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
"	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
excessive	O
tooth	B-Disease
wear	I-Disease
.	O

Oral	O
rehabilitation	O
of	O
patients	O
using	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
can	O
be	O
challenging	O
.	O

CASE	O
DESCRIPTION	O
:	O
A	O
30	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Caucasian	O
woman	O
presented	O
with	O
dental	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
bad	B-Disease
breath	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
self	O
-	O
reported	O
poor	O
esthetics	O
.	O

A	O
comprehensive	O
examination	O
including	O
her	O
medical	O
history	O
,	O
panoramic	O
radiograph	O
,	O
and	O
intraoral	O
examination	O
revealed	O
19	O
carious	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
not	O
very	O
common	O
for	O
a	O
healthy	O
adult	O
.	O

She	O
reported	O
her	O
use	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
for	O
five	O
years	O
and	O
had	O
not	O
experienced	O
any	O
major	O
carious	B-Disease
episodes	I-Disease
before	O
she	O
started	O
using	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

SUMMARY	O
:	O
The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
medical	O
and	O
dental	O
histories	O
along	O
with	O
radiographic	O
and	O
clinical	O
findings	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
"	O
meth	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
.	O
"	O
Although	O
three	O
different	O
dental	O
treatment	O
modalities	O
(	O
either	O
conventional	O
or	O
implant	O
-	O
supported	O
)	O
have	O
been	O
offered	O
to	O
the	O
patient	O
since	O
August	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
has	O
yet	O
to	O
initiate	O
any	O
treatment	O
.	O

CLINICAL	O
SIGNIFICANCE	O
:	O
This	O
clinical	O
case	O
showing	O
oral	O
manifestations	O
of	O
meth	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
was	O
presented	O
to	O
help	O
dental	O
practitioners	O
recognize	O
and	O
manage	O
patients	O
who	O
may	O
be	O
abusing	O
methamphetamines	B-Chemical
.	O

Dental	O
practitioners	O
also	O
may	O
be	O
skeptical	O
about	O
the	O
reliability	O
of	O
appointment	O
keeping	O
by	O
these	O
patients	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
frequently	O
miss	O
their	O
appointments	O
without	O
reasonable	O
justification	O
.	O

Antituberculosis	B-Chemical
therapy	O
-	O
induced	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
:	O
magnitude	O
,	O
profile	O
,	O
prognosis	O
,	O
and	O
predictors	O
of	O
outcome	O
.	O

Antituberculosis	B-Chemical
therapy	O
(	O
ATT	O
)	O
-	O
associated	O
acute	B-Disease
liver	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
ATT	O
-	O
ALF	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
the	O
commonest	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
in	O
South	O
Asia	O
.	O

Prospective	O
studies	O
on	O
ATT	O
-	O
ALF	B-Disease
are	O
lacking	O
.	O

The	O
current	O
study	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
the	O
magnitude	O
,	O
clinical	O
course	O
,	O
outcome	O
,	O
and	O
prognostic	O
factors	O
in	O
ATT	O
-	O
ALF	B-Disease
.	O

From	O
January	O
1986	O
to	O
January	O
2009	O
,	O
1223	O
consecutive	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
were	O
evaluated	O
:	O
ATT	O
alone	O
was	O
the	O
cause	O
in	O
70	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
.	O

Another	O
15	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
ATT	O
and	O
simultaneous	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
virus	I-Disease
infection	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
44	O
(	O
62	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
,	O
ATT	O
was	O
prescribed	O
empirically	O
without	O
definitive	O
evidence	O
of	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
.	O

ATT	O
-	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
were	O
younger	O
(	O
32	O
.	O
87	O
[	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
15	O
.	O
8	O
]	O
years	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
49	O
(	O
70	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
them	O
were	O
women	O
.	O

Most	O
had	O
hyperacute	O
presentation	O
;	O
the	O
median	O
icterus	B-Disease
encephalopathy	B-Disease
interval	O
was	O
4	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
days	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
duration	O
of	O
ATT	O
before	O
ALF	B-Disease
was	O
30	O
(	O
7	O
-	O
350	O
)	O
days	O
.	O

At	O
presentation	O
,	O
advanced	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
and	O
cerebral	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
were	O
present	O
in	O
51	O
(	O
76	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
29	O
(	O
41	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Gastrointestinal	B-Disease
bleed	I-Disease
,	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
infection	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
were	O
documented	O
in	O
seven	O
(	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
five	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
26	O
(	O
37	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
seven	O
(	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
E	I-Disease
virus	O
(	O
HEV	O
)	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
A	O
non	O
-	O
E	O
-	O
induced	O
ALF	B-Disease
,	O
ATT	O
-	O
ALF	B-Disease
patients	O
had	O
nearly	O
similar	O
presentations	O
except	O
for	O
older	O
age	O
and	O
less	O
elevation	O
of	O
liver	O
enzymes	O
.	O

The	O
mortality	O
rate	O
among	O
patients	O
with	O
ATT	O
-	O
ALF	B-Disease
was	O
high	O
(	O
67	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
47	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
only	O
23	O
(	O
32	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
recovered	O
with	O
medical	O
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
multivariate	O
analysis	O
,	O
three	O
factors	O
independently	O
predicted	O
mortality	O
:	O
serum	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
10	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
dL	O
)	O
,	O
prothrombin	O
time	O
(	O
PT	O
)	O
prolongation	O
(	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
26	O
seconds	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
grade	O
III	O
/	O
IV	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
at	O
presentation	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
ATT	O
-	O
ALF	B-Disease
constituted	O
5	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
of	O
ALF	B-Disease
at	O
our	O
center	O
and	O
had	O
a	O
high	O
mortality	O
rate	O
.	O

Because	O
the	O
mortality	O
rate	O
is	O
so	O
high	O
,	O
determining	O
which	O
factors	O
are	O
predictors	O
is	O
less	O
important	O
.	O

A	O
high	O
proportion	O
of	O
patients	O
had	O
consumed	O
ATT	O
empirically	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
prevented	O
.	O

Design	O
and	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
HYPREN	O
-	O
trial	O
:	O
safety	O
of	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
and	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
initial	O
treatment	O
phase	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Since	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ACE	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
into	O
the	O
adjunctive	O
treatment	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
cases	O
of	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
especially	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
have	O
occasionally	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
the	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
enalapril	B-Chemical
a	O
multicenter	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
was	O
designed	O
that	O
compared	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
symptomatic	O
hypotension	B-Disease
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Trial	O
medication	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
or	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
.	O

Subjects	O
were	O
1210	O
inpatients	O
with	O
New	O
York	O
Heart	O
Association	O
(	O
NYHA	O
)	O
functional	O
class	O
II	O
and	O
III	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
received	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
experienced	O
clinically	O
and	O
statistically	O
significantly	O
less	O
symptomatic	O
hypotension	B-Disease
(	O
5	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
the	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
recovered	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
concluded	O
that	O
treatment	O
with	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
unreasonable	O
to	O
restrict	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
to	O
inpatients	O
.	O

Central	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
complications	I-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
single	O
pediatric	O
institution	O
.	O

Central	B-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
CNS	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
complications	I-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
of	O
childhood	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
(	O
ALL	B-Disease
)	O
remain	O
a	O
challenging	O
clinical	O
problem	O
.	O

Outcome	O
improvement	O
with	O
more	O
intensive	O
chemotherapy	O
has	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
adverse	O
events	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
analyzed	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
neurological	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
during	O
ALL	B-Disease
treatment	O
in	O
a	O
single	O
pediatric	O
institution	O
,	O
focusing	O
on	O
clinical	O
,	O
radiological	O
,	O
and	O
electrophysiological	O
findings	O
.	O

Exclusion	O
criteria	O
included	O
CNS	O
leukemic	B-Disease
infiltration	I-Disease
at	O
diagnosis	O
,	O
therapy	O
-	O
related	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
,	O
late	O
-	O
onset	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
neurocognitive	B-Disease
defects	I-Disease
.	O

During	O
a	O
9	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
,	O
we	O
retrospectively	O
collected	O
27	O
neurological	O
events	O
(	O
11	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
as	O
many	O
patients	O
,	O
from	O
253	O
children	O
enrolled	O
in	O
the	O
ALL	B-Disease
front	O
-	O
line	O
protocol	O
.	O

CNS	O
complications	O
included	O
posterior	O
reversible	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
syndrome	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
,	O
stroke	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
temporal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
syndrome	O
of	O
inappropriate	B-Disease
antidiuretic	I-Disease
hormone	I-Disease
secretion	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
other	O
unclassified	O
events	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
CNS	O
complications	O
are	O
frequent	O
events	O
during	O
ALL	B-Disease
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
require	O
rapid	O
detection	O
and	O
prompt	O
treatment	O
to	O
limit	O
permanent	O
damage	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
causes	O
memory	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
:	O
involvement	O
of	O
nuclear	O
factor	O
kappa	O
B	O
and	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
,	O
and	O
prevention	O
by	O
topiramate	B-Chemical
.	O

Different	O
mechanisms	O
have	O
been	O
suggested	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
including	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
but	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
oxidative	O
status	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
induced	O
-	O
behaviour	O
is	O
poorly	O
understood	O
.	O

Nuclear	O
factor	O
kappa	O
B	O
(	O
NFkappaB	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
sensor	O
of	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
and	O
participates	O
in	O
memory	O
formation	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
drug	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
addiction	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

Therefore	O
NFkappaB	O
activity	O
,	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
,	O
neuronal	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
nNOS	O
)	O
activity	O
,	O
spatial	O
learning	O
and	O
memory	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
topiramate	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
previously	O
proposed	O
therapy	O
for	O
cocaine	B-Disease
addiction	I-Disease
,	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
an	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

NFkappaB	O
activity	O
was	O
decreased	O
in	O
the	O
frontal	O
cortex	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
GSH	B-Chemical
concentration	O
and	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
peroxidase	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
,	O
whereas	O
nNOS	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
was	O
increased	O
.	O

Memory	O
retrieval	O
of	O
experiences	O
acquired	O
prior	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
was	O
impaired	O
and	O
negatively	O
correlated	O
with	O
NFkappaB	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
frontal	O
cortex	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
learning	O
of	O
new	O
tasks	O
was	O
enhanced	O
and	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
increase	O
of	O
nNOS	O
activity	O
and	O
the	O
decrease	O
of	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
peroxidase	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
provide	O
evidence	O
for	O
a	O
possible	O
mechanistic	O
role	O
of	O
oxidative	O
and	O
nitrosative	O
stress	O
and	O
NFkappaB	O
in	O
the	O
alterations	O
induced	O
by	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Topiramate	B-Chemical
prevented	O
all	O
the	O
alterations	O
observed	O
,	O
showing	O
novel	O
neuroprotective	O
properties	O
.	O

Efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
placebo	O
-	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	O
exacerbation	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
.	O

Asenapine	B-Chemical
is	O
approved	O
by	O
the	O
Food	O
and	O
Drugs	O
Administration	O
in	O
adults	O
for	O
acute	O
treatment	O
of	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
or	O
of	O
manic	B-Disease
or	O
mixed	O
episodes	O
associated	O
with	O
bipolar	B-Disease
I	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
with	O
or	O
without	O
psychotic	B-Disease
features	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
6	O
-	O
week	O
trial	O
,	O
458	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	O
schizophrenia	B-Disease
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
fixed	O
-	O
dose	O
treatment	O
with	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
at	O
5	O
mg	O
twice	O
daily	O
(	O
BID	O
)	O
,	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
at	O
10	O
mg	O
BID	O
,	O
placebo	O
,	O
or	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
at	O
4	O
mg	O
BID	O
(	O
to	O
verify	O
assay	O
sensitivity	O
)	O
.	O

With	O
last	O
observations	O
carried	O
forward	O
(	O
LOCF	O
)	O
,	O
mean	O
Positive	O
and	O
Negative	O
Syndrome	O
Scale	O
total	O
score	O
reductions	O
from	O
baseline	O
to	O
endpoint	O
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
with	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
at	O
5	O
mg	O
BID	O
(	O
-	O
16	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
15	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
than	O
placebo	O
(	O
-	O
10	O
.	O
7	O
;	O
both	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
;	O
using	O
mixed	O
model	O
for	O
repeated	O
measures	O
(	O
MMRM	O
)	O
,	O
changes	O
at	O
day	O
42	O
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
with	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
at	O
5	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
BID	O
(	O
-	O
21	O
.	O
3	O
and	O
-	O
19	O
.	O
4	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
-	O
20	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
than	O
placebo	O
(	O
-	O
14	O
.	O
6	O
;	O
all	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
Positive	O
and	O
Negative	O
Syndrome	O
Scale	O
positive	O
subscale	O
,	O
all	O
treatments	O
were	O
superior	O
to	O
placebo	O
with	O
LOCF	O
and	O
MMRM	O
;	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
at	O
5	O
mg	O
BID	O
was	O
superior	O
to	O
placebo	O
on	O
the	O
negative	O
subscale	O
with	O
MMRM	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
general	O
psychopathology	O
subscale	O
with	O
LOCF	O
and	O
MMRM	O
.	O

Treatment	O
-	O
related	O
adverse	O
events	O
(	O
AEs	O
)	O
occurred	O
in	O
44	O
%	O
and	O
52	O
%	O
,	O
57	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
41	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
at	O
5	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
BID	O
,	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
placebo	O
groups	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
reported	O
as	O
AEs	O
occurred	O
in	O
15	O
%	O
and	O
18	O
%	O
,	O
34	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
at	O
5	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
BID	O
,	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
placebo	O
groups	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Across	O
all	O
groups	O
,	O
no	O
more	O
than	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
had	O
clinically	O
significant	O
weight	O
change	O
.	O

Post	O
hoc	O
analyses	O
indicated	O
that	O
efficacy	O
was	O
similar	O
with	O
asenapine	B-Chemical
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
;	O
greater	O
contrasts	O
were	O
seen	O
in	O
AEs	O
,	O
especially	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

Salvage	O
therapy	O
with	O
nelarabine	B-Chemical
,	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
in	O
relapsed	O
/	O
refractory	O
paediatric	O
T	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukaemia	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
combination	O
of	O
5	O
d	O
of	O
nelarabine	B-Chemical
(	O
AraG	B-Chemical
)	O
with	O
5	O
d	O
of	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
(	O
VP	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CPM	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
prophylactic	O
intrathecal	O
chemotherapy	O
was	O
used	O
as	O
salvage	O
therapy	O
in	O
seven	O
children	O
with	O
refractory	O
or	O
relapsed	O
T	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
leukaemia	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
side	O
effects	O
attributable	O
to	O
the	O
AraG	B-Chemical
included	O
Grade	O
2	O
and	O
3	O
sensory	O
and	O
motor	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
and	O
musculoskeletal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Haematological	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
greater	O
for	O
the	O
combination	O
than	O
AraG	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
although	O
median	O
time	O
to	O
neutrophil	O
and	O
platelet	O
recovery	O
was	O
consistent	O
with	O
other	O
salvage	O
therapies	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
had	O
some	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
combined	O
therapy	O
and	O
five	O
of	O
the	O
seven	O
went	O
into	O
complete	O
remission	O
after	O
one	O
or	O
two	O
courses	O
of	O
AraG	B-Chemical
/	O
VP	B-Chemical
/	O
CPM	B-Chemical
.	O

Our	O
experience	O
supports	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
giving	O
AraG	B-Chemical
as	O
salvage	O
therapy	O
in	O
synchrony	O
with	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
,	O
although	O
neurological	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
must	O
be	O
closely	O
monitored	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
whole	O
body	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
on	O
tumor	B-Disease
and	O
normal	O
tissues	O
.	O

Thermal	O
enhancement	O
of	O
Adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
and	O
normal	O
tissue	O
toxicities	B-Disease
by	O
whole	O
body	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
were	O
compared	O
using	O
a	O
F344	O
rat	O
model	O
.	O

Antitumor	O
activity	O
was	O
studied	O
using	O
a	O
tumor	B-Disease
growth	O
delay	O
assay	O
.	O

Acute	O
normal	O
tissue	O
toxicities	B-Disease
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
late	O
normal	O
tissue	O
toxicities	B-Disease
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
myocardial	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
)	O
were	O
evaluated	O
by	O
functional	O
/	O
physiological	O
assays	O
and	O
by	O
morphological	O
techniques	O
.	O

Whole	O
body	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
(	O
120	O
min	O
at	O
41	O
.	O
5	O
degrees	O
C	O
)	O
enhanced	O
both	O
Adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
and	O
toxic	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
thermal	O
enhancement	O
ratio	O
calculated	O
for	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
.	O

Thermal	O
enhancement	O
ratios	O
estimated	O
for	O
"	O
acute	O
"	O
hematological	O
changes	O
were	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
whereas	O
those	O
estimated	O
for	O
"	O
late	O
"	O
damage	O
(	O
based	O
on	O
morphological	O
cardiac	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
)	O
varied	O
between	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
while	O
whole	O
body	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
enhances	O
Adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
mediated	O
antitumor	O
effect	O
,	O
normal	O
tissue	O
toxicity	B-Disease
is	O
also	O
increased	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
potential	O
therapeutic	O
gain	O
of	O
the	O
combined	O
modality	O
treatment	O
is	O
eroded	O
.	O

Permeability	O
,	O
ultrastructural	O
changes	O
,	O
and	O
distribution	O
of	O
novel	O
proteins	O
in	O
the	O
glomerular	O
barrier	O
in	O
early	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
/	O
AIMS	O
:	O
It	O
is	O
still	O
unclear	O
what	O
happens	O
in	O
the	O
glomerulus	O
when	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
starts	O
.	O

Using	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
(	O
PAN	O
)	O
rats	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
early	O
ultrastructural	O
and	O
permeability	O
changes	O
in	O
relation	O
to	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
the	O
podocyte	O
-	O
associated	O
molecules	O
nephrin	O
,	O
a	O
-	O
actinin	O
,	O
dendrin	O
,	O
and	O
plekhh2	O
,	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
of	O
which	O
were	O
only	O
recently	O
discovered	O
in	O
podocytes	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
immune	O
stainings	O
,	O
semiquantitative	O
measurement	O
was	O
performed	O
under	O
the	O
electron	O
microscope	O
.	O

Permeability	O
was	O
assessed	O
using	O
isolated	O
kidney	O
perfusion	O
with	O
tracers	O
.	O

Possible	O
effects	O
of	O
ACE	O
inhibition	O
were	O
tested	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
By	O
day	O
2	O
,	O
some	O
patchy	O
foot	O
process	O
effacement	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
appeared	O
.	O

The	O
amount	O
of	O
nephrin	O
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
both	O
diseased	O
and	O
normal	O
areas	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
proteins	O
showed	O
few	O
changes	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
limited	O
to	O
diseased	O
areas	O
.	O

By	O
day	O
4	O
,	O
foot	O
process	O
effacement	O
was	O
complete	O
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
appeared	O
in	O
parallel	O
with	O
signs	O
of	O
size	O
barrier	O
damage	O
.	O

Nephrin	O
decreased	O
further	O
,	O
while	O
dendrin	O
and	O
plekhh2	O
also	O
decreased	O
but	O
a	O
-	O
actinin	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
.	O

ACE	O
inhibition	O
had	O
no	O
significant	O
protective	O
effect	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
PAN	O
glomeruli	O
already	O
showed	O
significant	O
pathology	O
by	O
day	O
4	O
,	O
despite	O
relatively	O
mild	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
was	O
preceded	O
by	O
altered	O
nephrin	O
expression	O
,	O
supporting	O
its	O
pivotal	O
role	O
in	O
podocyte	O
morphology	O
.	O

The	O
novel	O
proteins	O
dendrin	O
and	O
plekhh2	O
were	O
both	O
reduced	O
,	O
suggesting	O
roles	O
in	O
PAN	O
,	O
whereas	O
a	O
-	O
actinin	O
was	O
unchanged	O
.	O

A	O
novel	O
,	O
multiple	O
symptom	O
model	O
of	O
obsessive	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
compulsive	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
in	O
animals	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Current	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
obsessive	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
compulsive	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
OCD	B-Disease
)	O
typically	O
involve	O
acute	O
,	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
symptom	O
provocation	O
or	O
a	O
genetic	O
association	O
with	O
stereotypies	O
or	O
anxiety	B-Disease
.	O

None	O
of	O
these	O
current	O
models	O
demonstrate	O
multiple	O
OCD	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
behaviors	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Neonatal	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
clomipramine	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
between	O
days	O
9	O
and	O
16	O
twice	O
daily	O
and	O
behaviorally	O
tested	O
in	O
adulthood	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Clomipramine	B-Chemical
exposure	O
in	O
immature	O
rats	O
produced	O
significant	O
behavioral	O
and	O
biochemical	O
changes	O
that	O
include	O
enhanced	O
anxiety	B-Disease
(	O
elevated	O
plus	O
maze	O
and	O
marble	O
burying	O
)	O
,	O
behavioral	B-Disease
inflexibility	I-Disease
(	O
perseveration	O
in	O
the	O
spontaneous	O
alternation	O
task	O
and	O
impaired	O
reversal	O
learning	O
)	O
,	O
working	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
win	O
-	O
shift	O
paradigm	O
)	O
,	O
hoarding	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
corticostriatal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptors	O
were	O
elevated	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
whereas	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
2C	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
1A	O
,	O
receptors	O
were	O
elevated	O
in	O
the	O
orbital	O
frontal	O
cortex	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
demonstration	O
of	O
multiple	O
symptoms	O
consistent	O
with	O
an	O
OCD	B-Disease
-	O
like	O
profile	O
in	O
animals	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
these	O
behaviors	O
are	O
accompanied	O
by	O
biochemical	O
changes	O
in	O
brain	O
regions	O
previously	O
identified	O
as	O
relevant	O
to	O
OCD	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
novel	O
model	O
of	O
OCD	B-Disease
demonstrates	O
that	O
drug	O
exposure	O
during	O
a	O
sensitive	O
period	O
can	O
program	O
disease	O
-	O
like	O
systems	O
permanently	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
have	O
implications	O
for	O
current	O
and	O
future	O
therapeutic	O
strategies	O
for	O
this	O
and	O
other	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Elevation	O
of	O
ADAM10	O
,	O
ADAM17	O
,	O
MMP	O
-	O
2	O
and	O
MMP	O
-	O
9	O
expression	O
with	O
media	O
degeneration	O
features	O
CaCl2	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
thoracic	B-Disease
aortic	I-Disease
aneurysm	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
establish	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
thoracic	B-Disease
aortic	I-Disease
aneurysm	I-Disease
(	O
TAA	B-Disease
)	O
by	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
(	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
arterial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
and	O
to	O
explore	O
the	O
potential	O
role	O
of	O
a	O
disintegrin	O
and	O
metalloproteinase	O
(	O
ADAM	O
)	O
,	O
matrix	O
metalloproteinases	O
(	O
MMPs	O
)	O
and	O
their	O
endogenous	O
inhibitors	O
(	O
TIMPs	O
)	O
in	O
TAA	B-Disease
formation	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Thoracic	O
aorta	O
of	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
was	O
exposed	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
5M	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
or	O
normal	O
saline	O
(	O
NaCl	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

After	O
12weeks	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
euthanized	O
,	O
and	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
,	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
untreated	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
and	O
NaCl	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
aortic	O
segments	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
were	O
collected	O
for	O
histological	O
and	O
molecular	O
assessments	O
.	O

MMP	O
-	O
TIMP	O
and	O
ADAM	O
mRNAs	O
were	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitatively	O
analyzed	O
and	O
protein	O
expressions	O
were	O
determined	O
by	O
immunohistochemistry	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Despite	O
similar	O
external	O
diameters	O
among	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
,	O
non	O
-	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
and	O
NaCl	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
segments	O
,	O
aneurymal	O
alteration	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
,	O
50	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
media	O
degeneration	O
with	O
regional	O
disruption	O
,	O
fragmentation	O
of	O
elastic	O
fiber	O
,	O
and	O
increased	O
collagen	O
deposition	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
,	O
100	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
segments	O
.	O

MMP	O
-	O
2	O
,	O
MMP	O
-	O
9	O
,	O
ADAM	O
-	O
10	O
and	O
ADAM	O
-	O
17	O
mRNA	O
levels	O
were	O
increased	O
in	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
segments	O
(	O
all	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
trends	O
of	O
elevation	O
in	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
untreated	O
segments	O
,	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
NaCl	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
segments	O
.	O

Immunohistochemistry	O
displayed	O
significantly	O
increased	O
expressions	O
of	O
MMP	O
-	O
2	O
,	O
MMP	O
-	O
9	O
,	O
ADAM	O
-	O
10	O
and	O
ADAM	O
-	O
17	O
(	O
all	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
in	O
intima	O
and	O
media	O
for	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
segments	O
.	O

TIMP	O
mRNA	O
and	O
tissue	O
levels	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
obviously	O
among	O
the	O
three	O
aortic	O
segments	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
establishes	O
a	O
TAA	B-Disease
model	O
by	O
periarterial	O
CaCl	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
exposure	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
demonstrates	O
a	O
significant	O
elevation	O
of	O
expression	O
of	O
MMP	O
-	O
2	O
,	O
MMP	O
-	O
9	O
,	O
ADAM10	O
and	O
ADAM17	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
vascular	O
remodeling	O
.	O

Suxamethonium	B-Chemical
induced	O
prolonged	O
apnea	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
receiving	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
.	O

Suxamethonium	B-Chemical
causes	O
prolonged	O
apnea	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
pseudocholinesterase	O
enzyme	O
gets	O
deactivated	O
by	O
organophosphorus	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
OP	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
poisons	I-Chemical
.	O

Here	O
,	O
we	O
present	O
a	O
similar	O
incident	O
in	O
a	O
severely	O
depressed	B-Disease
patient	O
who	O
received	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
(	O
ECT	O
)	O
.	O

Prolonged	O
apnea	B-Disease
in	O
our	O
case	O
ensued	O
because	O
the	O
information	O
about	O
suicidal	O
attempt	O
by	O
OP	B-Chemical
compound	I-Chemical
was	O
concealed	O
from	O
the	O
treating	O
team	O
.	O

Curcumin	B-Chemical
ameliorates	O
cognitive	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
oxidative	O
damage	O
in	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
and	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
administered	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
,	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
and	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
are	O
well	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
on	O
chronic	O
use	O
.	O

The	O
increase	O
in	O
free	O
radical	O
generation	O
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
important	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
by	O
antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
.	O

Curcumin	B-Chemical
has	O
shown	O
antioxidant	O
,	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
and	O
neuro	O
-	O
protective	O
properties	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
chronic	O
curcumin	B-Chemical
administration	O
on	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
and	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
interactions	O
of	O
curcumin	B-Chemical
with	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
and	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
were	O
also	O
studied	O
.	O

Vehicle	O
/	O
drugs	O
were	O
administered	O
daily	O
for	O
21days	O
to	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

Passive	O
avoidance	O
paradigm	O
and	O
elevated	O
plus	O
maze	O
test	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
assess	O
cognitive	O
function	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
study	O
period	O
,	O
serum	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
and	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
,	O
whole	O
brain	O
malondialdehyde	B-Chemical
and	O
reduced	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
estimated	O
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
and	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
for	O
21days	O
caused	O
a	O
significant	O
impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
learning	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
an	O
increased	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Concomitant	O
curcumin	B-Chemical
administration	O
prevented	O
the	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
and	O
decreased	O
the	O
increased	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
induced	O
by	O
these	O
antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
.	O

Curcumin	B-Chemical
co	O
-	O
administration	O
did	O
not	O
cause	O
any	O
significant	O
alteration	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
of	O
both	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
as	O
well	O
as	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
curcumin	B-Chemical
has	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
in	O
mitigating	O
the	O
deterioration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
cognitive	I-Disease
functions	I-Disease
and	O
oxidative	O
damage	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
and	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
without	O
significantly	O
altering	O
their	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
.	O

The	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
curcumin	B-Chemical
can	O
be	O
considered	O
as	O
a	O
potential	O
safe	O
and	O
effective	O
adjuvant	O
to	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
and	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
preventing	O
cognitive	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
these	O
drugs	O
.	O

Can	O
angiogenesis	O
be	O
a	O
target	O
of	O
treatment	O
for	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
associated	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
?	O

BACKGROUND	O
/	O
AIMS	O
:	O
Recently	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
found	O
to	O
inhibit	O
angiogenesis	O
and	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
angiogenesis	O
inhibitors	O
such	O
as	O
sunitinib	B-Chemical
and	O
sorafenib	B-Chemical
have	O
been	O
found	O
to	O
cause	O
acute	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
aimed	O
to	O
investigate	O
whether	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
relation	O
between	O
hemoglobin	O
,	O
haptoglobin	O
and	O
angiogenesis	O
soluble	O
markers	O
which	O
are	O
modifiable	O
and	O
can	O
help	O
in	O
developing	O
strategies	O
against	O
anemia	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Fourteen	O
patients	O
chronically	B-Disease
infected	I-Disease
with	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
C	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
were	O
treated	O
by	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
interferon	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
2a	I-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
.	O

Serum	O
hemoglobin	O
,	O
haptoglobin	O
and	O
angiogenesis	O
markers	O
of	O
vascular	O
endothelial	O
growth	O
factor	O
and	O
angiopoetin	O
-	O
2	O
were	O
investigated	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
therapy	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
observed	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
haptoglobin	O
levels	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
period	O
.	O

Hemoglobin	O
levels	O
also	O
decreased	O
but	O
insignificantly	O
by	O
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
with	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
serum	O
levels	O
of	O
angiogenesis	O
factors	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
significantly	O
by	O
pegylated	B-Chemical
interferon	I-Chemical
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
found	O
no	O
correlation	O
of	O
angiogenesis	O
soluble	O
markers	O
with	O
either	O
hemoglobin	O
or	O
haptoglobin	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
study	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
investigating	O
a	O
link	O
between	O
angiogenesis	O
soluble	O
markers	O
and	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
C	I-Disease
and	O
we	O
could	O
not	O
find	O
any	O
relation	O
.	O

Future	O
research	O
with	O
larger	O
number	O
of	O
patients	O
is	O
needed	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
modifiable	O
factors	O
that	O
will	O
improve	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Reduction	O
in	O
injection	O
pain	B-Disease
using	O
buffered	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
before	O
cardiac	O
catheterization	O
.	O

Previous	O
reports	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
pain	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
injection	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
is	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
acidic	O
pH	O
of	O
the	O
solution	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
if	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
a	O
buffering	O
solution	O
to	O
adjust	O
the	O
pH	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
physiologic	O
range	O
would	O
reduce	O
pain	B-Disease
during	O
injection	O
,	O
we	O
performed	O
a	O
blinded	O
randomized	O
study	O
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
cardiac	O
catheterization	O
.	O

Twenty	O
patients	O
were	O
asked	O
to	O
quantify	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
after	O
receiving	O
standard	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
one	O
femoral	O
area	O
and	O
buffered	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
opposite	O
femoral	O
area	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
pain	B-Disease
score	O
for	O
buffered	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
than	O
the	O
mean	O
score	O
for	O
standard	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
vs	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
pH	O
adjustment	O
of	O
standard	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
can	O
be	O
accomplished	O
easily	O
in	O
the	O
catheterization	O
laboratory	O
before	O
injection	O
and	O
results	O
in	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
occurring	O
during	O
the	O
infiltration	O
of	O
tissues	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glyceryl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phosphorylcholine	I-Chemical
on	O
amnesia	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
to	O
test	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glycerylphosphorylcholine	I-Chemical
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
GFC	I-Chemical
)	O
on	O
memory	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
in	O
man	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
two	O
healthy	O
young	O
volunteers	O
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
four	O
different	O
groups	O
.	O

They	O
were	O
given	O
a	O
ten	O
day	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
either	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
GFC	I-Chemical
or	O
placebo	O
,	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
eleventh	O
day	O
either	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
or	O
placebo	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
m	O
.	O

Before	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
6	O
h	O
after	O
injection	O
the	O
subjects	O
were	O
given	O
attention	O
and	O
mnemonic	O
tests	O
.	O

The	O
findings	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
drug	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
antagonize	O
impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
attention	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
memory	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Safety	O
of	O
capecitabine	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
review	O
.	O

IMPORTANCE	O
OF	O
THE	O
FIELD	O
:	O
Fluoropyrimidines	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
particular	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
the	O
mainstay	O
of	O
treatment	O
for	O
several	O
solid	O
tumors	B-Disease
,	O
including	O
colorectal	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
breast	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
head	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
cancers	I-Disease
,	O
for	O
>	O
40	O
years	O
.	O

AREAS	O
COVERED	O
IN	O
THIS	O
REVIEW	O
:	O
This	O
article	O
reviews	O
the	O
pharmacology	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
capecitabine	B-Chemical
with	O
a	O
special	O
emphasis	O
on	O
its	O
safety	O
.	O

WHAT	O
THE	O
READER	O
WILL	O
GAIN	O
:	O
The	O
reader	O
will	O
gain	O
better	O
insight	O
into	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
capecitabine	B-Chemical
in	O
special	O
populations	O
such	O
as	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
age	O
,	O
renal	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
also	O
explore	O
different	O
dosing	O
and	O
schedules	O
of	O
capecitabine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

TAKE	O
HOME	O
MESSAGE	O
:	O
Capecitabine	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
oral	O
prodrug	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
and	O
was	O
developed	O
to	O
fulfill	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
a	O
more	O
convenient	O
therapy	O
and	O
provide	O
an	O
improved	O
safety	O
/	O
efficacy	O
profile	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
shown	O
promising	O
results	O
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agents	O
in	O
colorectal	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
breast	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
pancreaticobiliary	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
gastric	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
head	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
cancers	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
most	O
commonly	O
reported	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
capecitabine	B-Chemical
are	O
diarrhea	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
stomatitis	B-Disease
and	O
hand	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
foot	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Capecitabine	B-Chemical
has	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
established	O
safety	O
profile	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
given	O
safely	O
to	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
age	O
,	O
hepatic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
dysfunctions	I-Disease
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
filling	O
the	O
bench	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
bedside	O
gap	O
.	O

Levodopa	B-Chemical
is	O
the	O
most	O
effective	O
drug	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
precursor	O
is	O
complicated	O
by	O
highly	O
disabling	O
fluctuations	O
and	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
preclinical	O
and	O
clinical	O
findings	O
suggest	O
pulsatile	O
stimulation	O
of	O
striatal	O
postsynaptic	O
receptors	O
as	O
a	O
key	O
mechanism	O
underlying	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
,	O
their	O
pathogenesis	O
is	O
still	O
unclear	O
.	O

In	O
recent	O
years	O
,	O
evidence	O
from	O
animal	O
models	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
has	O
provided	O
important	O
information	O
to	O
understand	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
specific	O
receptor	O
and	O
post	O
-	O
receptor	O
molecular	O
mechanisms	O
underlying	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
dyskinetic	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
.	O

Recent	O
preclinical	O
and	O
clinical	O
data	O
from	O
promising	O
lines	O
of	O
research	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
differential	O
role	O
of	O
presynaptic	O
versus	O
postsynaptic	O
mechanisms	O
,	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
subtypes	O
,	O
ionotropic	O
and	O
metabotropic	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
receptors	O
,	O
and	O
non	O
-	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotransmitter	O
systems	O
in	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
pallidal	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
on	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
catalepsy	I-Disease
:	O
behavioral	O
and	O
electrophysiological	O
studies	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
globus	O
pallidus	O
plays	O
a	O
critical	O
role	O
in	O
movement	O
regulation	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
indicated	O
that	O
the	O
globus	O
pallidus	O
receives	O
neurotensinergic	O
innervation	O
from	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
and	O
systemic	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
analog	O
could	O
produce	O
antiparkinsonian	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
aimed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
pallidal	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
on	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Behavioral	O
experiments	O
and	O
electrophysiological	O
recordings	O
were	O
performed	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Bilateral	O
infusions	O
of	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
into	O
the	O
globus	O
pallidus	O
reversed	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
catalepsy	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Electrophysiological	O
recordings	O
showed	O
that	O
microinjection	O
of	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
induced	O
excitation	O
of	O
pallidal	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
systemic	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

The	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
type	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
receptor	I-Chemical
antagonist	I-Chemical
SR48692	B-Chemical
blocked	O
both	O
the	O
behavioral	O
and	O
the	O
electrophysiological	O
effects	O
induced	O
by	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Activation	O
of	O
pallidal	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
receptors	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
neurotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
antiparkinsonian	O
effects	O
.	O

Carmofur	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
organic	B-Disease
mental	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Organic	B-Disease
mental	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
a	O
29	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
female	O
in	O
the	O
prognostic	O
period	O
after	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
carmofur	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

Symptoms	O
such	O
as	O
euphoria	O
,	O
emotional	O
lability	O
and	O
puerile	O
attitude	O
noted	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
were	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
organic	B-Disease
personality	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
according	O
to	O
the	O
criteria	O
defined	O
in	O
the	O
DSM	O
-	O
III	O
-	O
R	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
a	O
frontal	B-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Brain	O
CT	O
revealed	O
a	O
periventricular	O
low	O
density	O
area	O
in	O
the	O
frontal	O
white	O
matter	O
and	O
moderate	O
dilatation	O
of	O
the	O
lateral	O
ventricles	O
especially	O
at	O
the	O
bilateral	O
anterior	O
horns	O
.	O

Consequently	O
,	O
carmofur	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
leukoencephalopathy	B-Disease
may	O
uncommonly	O
result	O
in	O
organic	B-Disease
personality	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
residual	O
state	O
.	O

It	O
may	O
be	O
attributed	O
to	O
the	O
structural	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
to	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
frontal	I-Disease
lobe	I-Disease
.	O

Butyrylcholinesterase	O
gene	O
mutations	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
prolonged	O
apnea	B-Disease
after	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
for	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
(	O
ECT	O
)	O
often	O
receive	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
anesthetic	O
procedure	O
.	O

The	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
may	O
be	O
prolonged	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
genetic	O
variants	O
of	O
the	O
butyrylcholinesterase	O
enzyme	O
(	O
BChE	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
being	O
the	O
K	O
-	O
and	O
the	O
A	O
-	O
variants	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
clinical	O
significance	O
of	O
genetic	O
variants	O
in	O
butyrylcholinesterase	O
gene	O
(	O
BCHE	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
suspected	O
prolonged	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
of	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
after	O
ECT	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
13	O
patients	O
were	O
referred	O
to	O
the	O
Danish	O
Cholinesterase	O
Research	O
Unit	O
after	O
ECT	O
during	O
38	O
months	O
.	O

We	O
determined	O
the	O
BChE	O
activity	O
and	O
the	O
BCHE	O
genotype	O
using	O
molecular	O
genetic	O
methods	O
,	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
apnea	B-Disease
,	O
time	O
to	O
sufficient	O
spontaneous	O
ventilation	O
and	O
whether	O
neuromuscular	O
monitoring	O
was	O
used	O
.	O

The	O
duration	O
of	O
apnea	B-Disease
was	O
compared	O
with	O
published	O
data	O
on	O
normal	O
subjects	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
in	O
11	O
patients	O
,	O
mutations	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
BCHE	O
gene	O
,	O
the	O
K	O
-	O
variant	O
being	O
the	O
most	O
frequent	O
.	O

The	O
duration	O
of	O
apnea	B-Disease
was	O
5	O
-	O
15	O
min	O
compared	O
with	O
3	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
min	O
from	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

Severe	O
distress	O
was	O
noted	O
in	O
the	O
recovery	O
phase	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
.	O

Neuromuscular	O
monitoring	O
was	O
used	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
eleven	O
of	O
13	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
prolonged	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
of	O
succinylcholine	B-Chemical
had	O
mutations	O
in	O
BCHE	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
possible	O
reason	O
for	O
a	O
prolonged	O
period	O
of	O
apnea	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
recommend	O
objective	O
neuromuscular	O
monitoring	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
ECT	O
.	O

Perhexiline	B-Chemical
maleate	I-Chemical
and	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
noted	O
as	O
a	O
complication	O
of	O
therapy	O
with	O
perhexiline	B-Chemical
maleate	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
drug	O
widely	O
used	O
in	O
France	O
(	O
and	O
in	O
clinical	O
trials	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
prophylactic	O
treatment	O
of	O
angina	B-Disease
pectoris	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
24	O
patients	O
with	O
this	O
complication	O
,	O
the	O
marked	O
slowing	O
of	O
motor	O
nerve	O
conduction	O
velocity	O
and	O
the	O
electromyographic	O
changes	O
imply	O
mainly	O
a	O
demyelinating	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Improvement	O
was	O
noted	O
with	O
cessation	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
few	O
cases	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
active	O
denervation	O
signified	O
a	O
poor	O
prognosis	O
,	O
with	O
only	O
slight	O
improvement	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
causing	O
the	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
yet	O
fully	O
known	O
,	O
although	O
some	O
evidence	O
indicates	O
that	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
a	O
lipid	O
storage	O
process	O
.	O

A	O
phase	O
I	O
study	O
of	O
4	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydropyranyladriamycin	I-Chemical
.	O

Clinical	O
pharmacology	O
and	O
pharmacokinetics	O
.	O

A	O
Phase	O
I	O
study	O
of	O
intravenous	O
(	O
IV	O
)	O
bolus	O
4	B-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydropyranyladriamycin	I-Chemical
(	O
Pirarubicin	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
done	O
in	O
55	O
patients	O
in	O
good	O
performance	O
status	O
with	O
refractory	O
tumors	B-Disease
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
six	O
had	O
minimal	O
prior	O
therapy	O
(	O
good	O
risk	O
)	O
,	O
23	O
had	O
extensive	O
prior	O
therapy	O
(	O
poor	O
risk	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
six	O
had	O
renal	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
/	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
167	O
courses	O
at	O
doses	O
of	O
15	O
to	O
70	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
were	O
evaluable	O
.	O

Maximum	O
tolerated	O
dose	O
in	O
good	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
was	O
70	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
poor	O
-	O
risk	O
patients	O
,	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxic	O
effect	O
was	O
transient	O
noncumulative	O
granulocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

Granulocyte	O
nadir	O
was	O
on	O
day	O
14	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
22	O
)	O
.	O

Less	O
frequent	O
toxic	O
effects	O
included	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
anemia	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
mild	O
alopecia	B-Disease
,	O
phlebitis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
mucositis	B-Disease
.	O

Myelosuppression	B-Disease
was	O
more	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
analyses	O
in	O
21	O
patients	O
revealed	O
Pirarubicin	B-Chemical
plasma	O
T	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
alpha	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
85	O
minutes	O
,	O
T	O
beta	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
of	O
25	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
and	O
T	O
1	O
/	O
2	O
gamma	O
of	O
23	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
hours	O
.	O

The	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
curve	O
was	O
537	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
149	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
x	O
hours	O
,	O
volume	O
of	O
distribution	O
(	O
Vd	O
)	O
3504	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
644	O
l	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
and	O
total	O
clearance	O
(	O
ClT	O
)	O
was	O
204	O
+	O
39	O
.	O
3	O
l	O
/	O
hour	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

Adriamycinol	B-Chemical
,	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
,	O
adriamycinone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
tetrahydropyranyladriamycinol	B-Chemical
were	O
the	O
metabolites	O
detected	O
in	O
plasma	O
and	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
was	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
metabolites	O
.	O

Urinary	O
excretion	O
of	O
Pirarubicin	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
first	O
24	O
hours	O
was	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
10	O
%	O
.	O

Activity	O
was	O
noted	O
in	O
mesothelioma	B-Disease
,	O
leiomyosarcoma	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
basal	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
recommended	O
starting	O
dose	O
for	O
Phase	O
II	O
trials	O
is	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
IV	O
bolus	O
every	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

Ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
hemodialyzed	O
patients	O
receiving	O
desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

During	O
an	O
18	O
-	O
month	O
period	O
of	O
study	O
41	O
hemodialyzed	O
patients	O
receiving	O
desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
-	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
/	O
3	O
times	O
weekly	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
were	O
monitored	O
for	O
detection	O
of	O
audiovisual	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

6	O
patients	O
presented	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
of	O
visual	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
detailed	O
ophthalmologic	O
and	O
audiologic	O
studies	O
disclosed	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
7	O
more	O
asymptomatic	O
patients	O
.	O

Visual	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
of	O
retinal	O
origin	O
and	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
tritan	O
-	O
type	O
dyschromatopsy	B-Disease
,	O
sometimes	O
associated	O
with	O
a	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
visual	I-Disease
acuity	I-Disease
and	O
pigmentary	B-Disease
retinal	I-Disease
deposits	I-Disease
.	O

Auditory	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
mid	O
-	O
to	O
high	O
-	O
frequency	O
neurosensorial	B-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
lesion	O
was	O
of	O
the	O
cochlear	O
type	O
.	O

Desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
complete	O
recovery	O
of	O
visual	O
function	O
in	O
1	O
patient	O
and	O
partial	O
recovery	O
in	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
complete	O
reversal	O
of	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
3	O
patients	O
and	O
partial	O
recovery	O
in	O
3	O
.	O

This	O
toxicity	B-Disease
appeared	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
the	O
higher	O
doses	O
of	O
desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
or	O
coincided	O
with	O
the	O
normalization	O
of	O
ferritin	O
or	O
aluminium	B-Chemical
serum	O
levels	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
audiovisual	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
is	O
not	O
an	O
infrequent	O
complication	O
in	O
hemodialyzed	O
patients	O
receiving	O
desferrioxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Periodical	O
audiovisual	O
monitoring	O
should	O
be	O
performed	O
on	O
hemodialyzed	O
patients	O
receiving	O
the	O
drug	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
detect	O
adverse	O
effects	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
possible	O
.	O

Serial	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
carbidopa	I-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
on	O
hemodialysis	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
with	O
similar	O
clinical	O
features	O
are	O
presented	O
:	O
both	O
patients	O
had	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
on	O
hemodialysis	O
for	O
many	O
years	O
but	O
recently	O
begun	O
on	O
a	O
high	O
-	O
flux	O
dialyzer	O
;	O
both	O
had	O
been	O
receiving	O
a	O
carbidopa	B-Chemical
/	I-Chemical
levodopa	I-Chemical
preparation	O
;	O
and	O
both	O
had	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
hallucinosis	B-Disease
and	O
recurrent	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
were	O
refractory	O
to	O
anticonvulsants	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
patient	O
died	O
without	O
a	O
diagnosis	O
;	O
the	O
second	O
patient	O
had	O
a	O
dramatic	O
recovery	O
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
B6	I-Chemical
.	O

Neither	O
patient	O
was	O
considered	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
renal	O
state	O
sufficiently	O
severe	O
enough	O
to	O
explain	O
their	O
presentation	O
.	O

Randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trial	O
of	O
mazindol	B-Chemical
in	O
Duchenne	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
.	O

There	O
is	O
evidence	O
that	O
growth	O
hormone	O
may	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
weakness	B-Disease
in	O
Duchenne	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
conducted	O
a	O
12	O
-	O
month	O
controlled	O
trial	O
of	O
mazindol	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
putative	O
growth	O
hormone	O
secretion	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
in	O
83	O
boys	O
with	O
Duchenne	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
.	O

Muscle	O
strength	O
,	O
contractures	O
,	O
functional	O
ability	O
and	O
pulmonary	O
function	O
were	O
tested	O
at	O
baseline	O
,	O
and	O
6	O
and	O
12	O
months	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
mazindol	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
d	O
)	O
or	O
placebo	O
.	O

The	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
power	O
of	O
greater	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
90	O
to	O
detect	O
a	O
slowing	O
to	O
25	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
expected	O
rate	O
of	O
progression	O
of	O
weakness	B-Disease
at	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
.	O

Mazindol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
benefit	O
strength	O
at	O
any	O
point	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

Side	O
effects	O
attributable	O
to	O
mazindol	B-Chemical
included	O
decreased	B-Disease
appetite	I-Disease
(	O
36	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
dry	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
(	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
behavioral	O
change	O
(	O
22	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
(	O
18	O
%	O
)	O
;	O
mazindol	B-Chemical
dosage	O
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
43	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
mazindol	B-Chemical
on	O
GH	O
secretion	O
was	O
estimated	O
indirectly	O
by	O
comparing	O
the	O
postabsorptive	O
IGF	O
-	O
I	O
levels	O
obtained	O
following	O
3	O
,	O
6	O
,	O
9	O
,	O
and	O
12	O
months	O
in	O
the	O
mazindol	B-Chemical
treated	O
to	O
those	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
groups	O
.	O

Although	O
mazindol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
gained	O
less	O
weight	O
and	O
height	O
than	O
placebo	O
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
,	O
no	O
significant	O
effect	O
on	O
IGF	O
-	O
I	O
levels	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Mazindol	B-Chemical
doses	O
not	O
slow	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
weakness	B-Disease
in	O
Duchenne	B-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
.	O

Facilitation	O
of	O
memory	O
retrieval	O
by	O
pre	O
-	O
test	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
state	O
dependency	O
in	O
the	O
step	O
-	O
through	O
type	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
learning	O
test	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Amnesia	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
cycloheximide	B-Chemical
were	O
reversed	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
given	O
30	O
min	O
before	O
the	O
test	O
trial	O
(	O
pre	O
-	O
test	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
pre	O
-	O
test	O
morphine	B-Chemical
also	O
facilitated	O
the	O
memory	O
retrieval	O
in	O
the	O
animals	O
administered	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
during	O
the	O
training	O
trial	O
.	O

Similarly	O
,	O
pre	O
-	O
test	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
partially	O
reversed	O
the	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
not	O
significantly	O
;	O
and	O
pre	O
-	O
test	O
cycloheximide	B-Chemical
failed	O
to	O
reverse	O
the	O
cycloheximide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
facilitation	O
of	O
memory	O
retrieval	O
by	O
pre	O
-	O
test	O
morphine	B-Chemical
might	O
be	O
the	O
direct	O
action	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
rather	O
than	O
a	O
state	O
dependent	O
effect	O
.	O

Naloxone	B-Chemical
reverses	O
the	O
antihypertensive	O
effect	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
unanesthetized	O
,	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
produced	O
by	O
intravenous	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
5	O
to	O
20	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
was	O
inhibited	O
or	O
reversed	O
by	O
nalozone	B-Chemical
,	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
to	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

The	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
was	O
also	O
partially	O
reversed	O
by	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
.	O

Naloxone	B-Chemical
alone	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
either	O
blood	O
pressure	O
or	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

In	O
brain	O
membranes	O
from	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
8	O
)	O
to	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
M	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
influence	O
stereoselective	O
binding	O
of	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
naloxone	I-Chemical
(	O
8	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
,	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
8	O
)	O
to	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
4	O
)	O
M	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
influence	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
suppressible	O
binding	O
of	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroergocryptine	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
nM	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
in	O
spontaneously	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
rats	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
central	O
alpha	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
stimulation	O
involve	O
activation	O
of	O
opiate	O
receptors	O
.	O

As	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
and	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
do	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
interact	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
receptor	O
site	O
,	O
the	O
observed	O
functional	O
antagonism	O
suggests	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
an	O
endogenous	O
opiate	O
by	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
or	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyldopa	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
possible	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
opiate	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
control	O
of	O
sympathetic	O
tone	O
.	O

Neurotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
halogenated	B-Chemical
hydroxyquinolines	I-Chemical
:	O
clinical	O
analysis	O
of	O
cases	O
reported	O
outside	O
Japan	O
.	O

An	O
analysis	O
is	O
presented	O
of	O
220	O
cases	O
of	O
possible	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
reactions	O
to	O
halogenated	B-Chemical
hydroxyquinolines	I-Chemical
reported	O
from	O
outside	O
Japan	O
.	O

In	O
80	O
cases	O
insufficient	O
information	O
was	O
available	O
for	O
adequate	O
comment	O
and	O
in	O
29	O
a	O
relationship	O
to	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
clioquinol	B-Chemical
could	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
remainder	O
,	O
a	O
relationship	O
to	O
clioquinol	B-Chemical
was	O
considered	O
probable	O
in	O
42	O
and	O
possible	O
in	O
69	O
cases	O
.	O

In	O
six	O
of	O
the	O
probable	O
cases	O
the	O
neurological	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
consisted	O
of	O
an	O
acute	O
reversible	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
usually	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
ingestion	O
of	O
a	O
high	O
dose	O
of	O
clioquinol	B-Chemical
over	O
a	O
short	O
period	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
manifestation	O
,	O
observed	O
in	O
15	O
further	O
cases	O
,	O
was	O
isolated	O
optic	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
was	O
most	O
frequently	O
found	O
in	O
children	O
,	O
many	O
of	O
whom	O
had	O
received	O
clioquinol	B-Chemical
as	O
treatment	O
for	O
acrodermatitis	B-Disease
enteropathica	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
remaining	O
cases	O
,	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
myelopathy	B-Disease
,	O
visual	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
manifestation	O
.	O

Isolated	O
myelopathy	B-Disease
or	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
these	O
manifestations	O
occurring	O
together	O
,	O
were	O
infrequent	O
.	O

The	O
onset	O
of	O
all	O
manifestations	O
(	O
except	O
toxic	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
)	O
was	O
usually	O
subacute	O
,	O
with	O
subsequent	O
partial	O
recovery	O
.	O

Older	O
subjects	O
tended	O
to	O
display	O
more	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
full	O
syndrome	O
of	O
subacute	O
myelo	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
optic	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
more	O
frequent	O
in	O
women	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
tended	O
to	O
have	O
taken	O
greater	O
quantities	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Prazosin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
stress	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
genuine	O
stress	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
common	O
antihypertensive	O
drug	O
,	O
is	O
presented	O
.	O

Prazosin	B-Chemical
exerts	O
its	O
antihypertensive	O
effects	O
through	O
vasodilatation	O
caused	O
by	O
selective	O
blockade	O
of	O
postsynaptic	O
alpha	O
-	O
1	O
adrenergic	O
receptors	O
.	O

As	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
blocker	O
,	O
it	O
also	O
exerts	O
a	O
significant	O
relaxant	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
bladder	O
neck	O
and	O
urethra	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
clinical	O
course	O
is	O
described	O
and	O
correlated	O
with	O
initial	O
urodynamic	O
studies	O
while	O
on	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
and	O
subsequent	O
studies	O
while	O
taking	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
.	O

Her	O
incontinence	B-Disease
resolved	O
with	O
the	O
change	O
of	O
medication	O
.	O

The	O
restoration	O
of	O
continence	O
was	O
accompanied	O
by	O
a	O
substantial	O
rise	O
in	O
maximum	O
urethral	O
pressure	O
,	O
maximum	O
urethral	O
closure	O
pressure	O
,	O
and	O
functional	O
urethral	O
length	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
present	O
with	O
stress	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
while	O
taking	O
prazosin	B-Chemical
should	O
change	O
their	O
antihypertensive	O
medication	O
before	O
considering	O
surgery	O
,	O
because	O
their	O
incontinence	B-Disease
may	O
resolve	O
spontaneously	O
with	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
drug	O
therapy	O
.	O

Myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
following	O
sublingual	O
administration	O
of	O
isosorbide	B-Chemical
dinitrate	I-Chemical
.	O

A	O
78	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
with	O
healed	O
septal	O
necrosis	B-Disease
suffered	O
a	O
recurrent	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
anterior	O
wall	O
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
isosorbide	B-Chemical
dinitrate	I-Chemical
5	O
mg	O
sublingually	O
.	O

After	O
detailing	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
events	O
,	O
we	O
discuss	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
paradoxical	O
coronary	O
spasm	B-Disease
and	O
hypotension	B-Disease
-	O
mediated	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
occurring	O
downstream	O
to	O
significant	O
coronary	B-Disease
arterial	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
coronary	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
the	O
respiratory	O
effects	O
of	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusions	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
regional	O
analgesia	O
by	O
extradural	O
block	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
postoperative	O
respiratory	O
apnoea	B-Disease
was	O
compared	O
between	O
five	O
patients	O
receiving	O
a	O
continuous	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusion	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
mean	O
73	O
.	O
6	O
mg	O
)	O
and	O
five	O
patients	O
receiving	O
a	O
continuous	O
extradural	O
infusion	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
%	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
(	O
mean	O
192	O
mg	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
24	O
-	O
h	O
period	O
following	O
upper	O
abdominal	O
surgery	O
.	O

Monitoring	O
consisted	O
of	O
airflow	O
detection	O
by	O
a	O
carbon	B-Chemical
dioxide	I-Chemical
analyser	O
,	O
chest	O
wall	O
movement	O
detected	O
by	O
pneumatic	O
capsules	O
,	O
and	O
continuous	O
electrocardiograph	O
recorded	O
with	O
a	O
Holter	O
ambulatory	O
monitor	O
.	O

Both	O
obstructive	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
P	I-Disease
less	I-Disease
than	I-Disease
0	I-Disease
.	I-Disease
05	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
apnoea	I-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
occurred	O
more	O
frequently	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
a	O
morphine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
also	O
a	O
higher	O
incidence	O
of	O
tachyarrhythmias	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
ventricular	B-Disease
ectopic	I-Disease
beats	I-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
morphine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
group	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
aminophylline	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
threshold	O
for	O
initiating	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
during	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
have	O
frequently	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
possible	O
additive	O
role	O
of	O
pharmacologic	O
agents	O
in	O
precipitating	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
has	O
only	O
recently	O
been	O
emphasized	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
aminophylline	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
threshold	O
during	O
normal	O
acid	O
-	O
base	O
conditions	O
and	O
during	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
were	O
studied	O
in	O
anesthetized	O
open	O
chest	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
threshold	O
was	O
measured	O
by	O
passing	O
a	O
gated	O
train	O
of	O
12	O
constant	O
current	O
pulses	O
through	O
the	O
ventricular	O
myocardium	O
during	O
the	O
vulnerable	O
period	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
cycle	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
infusion	O
of	O
aminophylline	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
threshold	O
was	O
reduced	O
by	O
30	O
to	O
40	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
when	O
pH	O
and	O
partial	O
pressures	O
of	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
(	O
PO2	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
carbon	B-Chemical
dioxide	I-Chemical
(	O
CO2	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
kept	O
within	O
normal	O
limits	O
.	O

When	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
was	O
produced	O
by	O
hypoventilation	B-Disease
(	O
pH	O
7	O
.	O
05	O
to	O
7	O
.	O
25	O
;	O
PC02	O
70	O
to	O
100	O
mm	O
Hg	O
:	O
P02	O
20	O
to	O
40	O
mm	O
Hg	O
)	O
,	O
infusion	O
of	O
aminophylline	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
even	O
greater	O
decrease	O
in	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
threshold	O
to	O
60	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
level	O
.	O

These	O
experiments	O
suggest	O
that	O
although	O
many	O
factors	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
increased	O
incidence	O
of	O
ventricular	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
in	O
respiratory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
pharmacologic	O
agents	O
,	O
particularly	O
aminophylline	B-Chemical
,	O
may	O
play	O
a	O
significant	O
role	O
.	O

Pentoxifylline	B-Chemical
(	O
Trental	B-Chemical
)	O
does	O
not	O
inhibit	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
coronary	O
hyperemia	B-Disease
:	O
implications	O
for	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
thallium	B-Chemical
-	O
201	O
myocardial	O
imaging	O
.	O

Dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
thallium	B-Chemical
-	O
201	O
imaging	O
is	O
often	O
performed	O
in	O
patients	O
unable	O
to	O
exercise	O
because	O
of	O
peripheral	B-Disease
vascular	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Many	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
are	O
taking	O
pentoxifylline	B-Chemical
(	O
Trental	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
methylxanthine	B-Chemical
derivative	O
which	O
may	O
improve	O
intermittent	B-Disease
claudication	I-Disease
.	O

Whether	O
pentoxifylline	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
coronary	O
hyperemia	B-Disease
like	O
other	O
methylxanthines	B-Chemical
such	O
as	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
and	O
should	O
be	O
stopped	O
prior	O
to	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
thallium	B-Chemical
-	O
201	O
imaging	O
is	O
unknown	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
hyperemic	O
response	O
to	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
in	O
seven	O
open	O
-	O
chest	O
anesthetized	O
dogs	O
after	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
either	O
pentoxifylline	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
,	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
or	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
or	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Baseline	O
circumflex	O
coronary	O
blood	O
flows	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
among	O
treatment	O
groups	O
.	O

Dipyridamole	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
coronary	O
blood	O
flow	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
or	O
15	O
mm	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
pentoxifylline	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

Neither	O
dose	O
of	O
pentoxifylline	B-Chemical
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperemia	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
peak	O
coronary	O
blood	O
flow	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
after	O
theophylline	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
pentoxyifylline	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
inhibit	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
coronary	O
hyperemia	B-Disease
even	O
at	O
high	O
doses	O
.	O

Cause	O
of	O
death	B-Disease
among	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
rare	O
mortality	O
due	O
to	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

Causes	O
of	O
death	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
special	O
reference	O
to	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
among	O
240	O
patients	O
with	O
pathologically	O
verified	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
using	O
the	O
Annuals	O
of	O
the	O
Pathological	O
Autopsy	O
Cases	O
in	O
Japan	O
from	O
1981	O
to	O
1985	O
.	O

The	O
leading	O
causes	O
of	O
death	B-Disease
were	O
pneumonia	B-Disease
and	O
bronchitis	B-Disease
(	O
44	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
malignant	O
neoplasms	B-Disease
(	O
11	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
heart	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
(	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
cerebral	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
(	O
3	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
septicaemia	B-Disease
(	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
was	O
the	O
11th	O
most	O
frequent	O
cause	O
of	O
death	B-Disease
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
only	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
of	O
deaths	B-Disease
among	O
the	O
patients	O
,	O
whereas	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
5th	O
most	O
common	O
cause	O
of	O
death	B-Disease
among	O
the	O
Japanese	O
general	O
population	O
in	O
1985	O
.	O

The	O
low	O
incidence	O
of	O
cerebral	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
as	O
a	O
cause	O
of	O
death	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
may	O
reflect	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
and	O
a	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
mechanism	O
due	O
to	O
reduced	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
the	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
brain	O
.	O

Possible	O
intramuscular	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
cardiorespiratory	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
and	O
death	B-Disease
.	O

Midazolam	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
is	O
commonly	O
used	O
for	O
dental	O
or	O
endoscopic	O
procedures	O
.	O

Although	O
generally	O
consisted	O
safe	O
when	O
given	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
is	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
respiratory	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
cardiovascular	I-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
report	O
describes	O
the	O
first	O
published	O
case	O
of	O
cardiorespiratory	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
and	O
death	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
intramuscular	O
administration	O
of	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
.	O

Information	O
regarding	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
use	O
is	O
reviewed	O
to	O
provide	O
recommendation	O
for	O
safe	O
administration	O
.	O

Myasthenia	B-Disease
gravis	I-Disease
presenting	O
as	O
weakness	O
after	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
no	O
prior	O
history	O
of	O
neuromuscular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
became	O
virtually	O
quadriplegic	B-Disease
after	O
parenteral	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
administration	O
for	O
preeclampsia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
serum	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
mEq	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
usually	O
well	O
tolerated	O
.	O

The	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
was	O
stopped	O
and	O
she	O
recovered	O
over	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
.	O

While	O
she	O
was	O
weak	O
,	O
2	O
-	O
Hz	O
repetitive	O
stimulation	O
revealed	O
a	O
decrement	O
without	O
significant	O
facilitation	O
at	O
rapid	O
rates	O
or	O
after	O
exercise	O
,	O
suggesting	O
postsynaptic	B-Disease
neuromuscular	I-Disease
blockade	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
her	O
strength	O
returned	O
,	O
repetitive	O
stimulation	O
was	O
normal	O
,	O
but	O
single	O
fiber	O
EMG	O
revealed	O
increased	O
jitter	O
and	O
blocking	O
.	O

Her	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antibody	O
level	O
was	O
markedly	O
elevated	O
.	O

Although	O
paralysis	B-Disease
after	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
administration	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
known	O
myasthenia	B-Disease
gravis	I-Disease
,	O
it	O
has	O
not	O
previously	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
initial	O
or	O
only	O
manifestation	O
of	O
the	O
disease	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
unusually	O
sensitive	O
to	O
the	O
neuromuscular	O
effects	O
of	O
magnesium	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
suspected	O
of	O
having	O
an	O
underlying	O
disorder	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
neuromuscular	I-Disease
transmission	I-Disease
.	O

No	O
enhancement	O
by	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
of	O
the	O
hepatocarcinogenicity	O
of	O
a	O
choline	B-Chemical
-	O
devoid	O
diet	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

An	O
experiment	O
was	O
performed	O
to	O
test	O
whether	O
inclusion	O
of	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
choline	B-Chemical
-	O
devoid	O
diet	O
would	O
increase	O
the	O
hepatocarcinogenicity	O
of	O
the	O
diet	O
.	O

Groups	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
week	O
old	O
male	O
Fischer	O
-	O
344	O
rats	O
were	O
fed	O
for	O
7	O
-	O
25	O
months	O
semipurified	O
choline	B-Chemical
-	O
devoid	O
or	O
choline	B-Chemical
-	O
supplemented	O
diets	O
,	O
containing	O
or	O
not	O
0	O
.	O
06	O
%	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
.	O

No	O
hepatic	O
preneoplastic	O
nodules	O
or	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinomas	I-Disease
developed	O
in	O
rats	O
fed	O
the	O
plain	O
choline	B-Chemical
-	O
supplemented	O
diet	O
,	O
while	O
one	O
preneoplastic	O
nodule	O
and	O
one	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
developed	O
in	O
two	O
rats	O
fed	O
the	O
same	O
diet	O
containing	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
preneoplastic	O
nodules	O
and	O
of	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
carcinomas	I-Disease
was	O
10	O
%	O
and	O
37	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
fed	O
the	O
plain	O
choline	B-Chemical
-	O
devoid	O
diet	O
,	O
and	O
17	O
%	O
and	O
30	O
%	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
fed	O
the	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
choline	B-Chemical
-	O
devoid	O
diet	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
evinced	O
no	O
enhancement	O
of	O
the	O
hepatocarcinogenicity	O
of	O
the	O
choline	B-Chemical
-	O
devoid	O
diet	O
by	O
phenobarbital	B-Chemical
.	O

Sporadic	O
neoplastic	O
lesions	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
organs	O
other	O
than	O
the	O
liver	O
of	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
,	O
irrespective	O
of	O
the	O
diet	O
fed	O
.	O

On	O
two	O
paradoxical	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
of	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
,	O
ribosomal	O
RNA	O
biosyntheses	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
mechanism	O
of	O
action	O
.	O

Liver	B-Disease
enlargement	I-Disease
and	O
muscle	B-Disease
wastage	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
following	O
the	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
liver	O
both	O
the	O
content	O
of	O
RNA	O
and	O
the	O
biosynthesis	O
of	O
ribosomal	O
RNA	O
increased	O
while	O
both	O
the	O
RNA	O
content	O
and	O
ribosomal	O
RNA	O
biosynthesis	O
were	O
reduced	O
in	O
the	O
gastrocnemius	O
muscle	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
drug	O
acted	O
in	O
a	O
selective	O
and	O
tissue	O
-	O
specific	O
manner	O
to	O
enhance	O
ribosomal	O
RNA	O
synthesis	O
in	O
the	O
liver	O
and	O
depress	O
such	O
synthesis	O
in	O
the	O
muscle	O
.	O

This	O
view	O
supports	O
the	O
contention	O
that	O
the	O
liver	O
and	O
muscle	O
are	O
independent	O
sites	O
of	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
action	O
.	O

Differential	O
effects	O
of	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hexachlorocyclohexane	I-Chemical
(	O
lindane	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
pharmacologically	O
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hexachlorocyclohexane	I-Chemical
(	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
the	O
active	O
ingredient	O
of	O
the	O
insecticide	O
lindane	B-Chemical
,	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
decrease	O
seizure	B-Disease
threshold	O
to	O
pentylenetrazol	O
(	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
)	O
3	O
h	O
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
and	O
conversely	O
increase	O
threshold	O
to	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
24	O
h	O
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
(	O
Vohland	O
et	O
al	O
.	O
1981	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
response	O
to	O
other	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
inducing	O
agents	O
was	O
tested	O
in	O
mice	O
1	O
and	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
intraperitoneal	O
administration	O
of	O
80	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
.	O

One	O
hour	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
inducing	O
agents	O
was	O
increased	O
,	O
regardless	O
of	O
their	O
mechanism	O
,	O
while	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
a	O
differential	O
response	O
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
due	O
to	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
and	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
(	O
PTX	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
due	O
to	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
mercaptopropionic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
MPA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
bicuculline	B-Chemical
(	O
BCC	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
methyl	B-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
7	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dimethoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylate	I-Chemical
(	O
DMCM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
or	O
strychnine	B-Chemical
(	O
STR	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
not	O
different	O
from	O
control	O
.	O

In	O
vitro	O
,	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
,	O
pentylenetetrazol	B-Chemical
and	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
were	O
shown	O
to	O
inhibit	O
3H	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TBOB	I-Chemical
binding	O
in	O
mouse	O
whole	O
brain	O
,	O
with	O
IC50	O
values	O
of	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
404	O
and	O
9	O
.	O
4	O
microM	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

MPA	B-Chemical
,	O
BCC	B-Chemical
,	O
DMCM	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
STR	B-Chemical
showed	O
no	O
inhibition	O
of	O
3H	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TBOB	I-Chemical
(	O
t	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
butyl	I-Chemical
bicyclo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
orthobenzoate	I-Chemical
)	O
binding	O
at	O
concentrations	O
of	O
100	O
micron	O
.	O

The	O
pharmacological	O
challenge	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
tolerance	O
may	O
occur	O
to	O
seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
induced	O
by	O
PTZ	B-Chemical
and	O
PTX	B-Chemical
24	O
h	O
after	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
,	O
since	O
the	O
response	O
to	O
only	O
these	O
two	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
inducing	O
agents	O
is	O
decreased	O
.	O

The	O
in	O
vitro	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
site	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
activity	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HCH	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
-	O
A	O
receptor	O
-	O
linked	O
chloride	O
channel	O
.	O

Tolerance	O
and	O
antiviral	O
effect	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Argentine	B-Disease
hemorrhagic	I-Disease
fever	I-Disease
.	O

Tolerance	O
and	O
antiviral	O
effect	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
was	O
studied	O
in	O
6	O
patients	O
with	O
Argentine	B-Disease
hemorrhagic	I-Disease
fever	I-Disease
(	O
AHF	B-Disease
)	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
evolution	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
neutralization	O
of	O
viremia	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
drop	O
of	O
endogenous	O
interferon	O
titers	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
time	O
of	O
death	B-Disease
was	O
delayed	O
.	O

A	O
reversible	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
only	O
adverse	O
effect	O
observed	O
.	O

From	O
these	O
results	O
,	O
we	O
conclude	O
that	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
has	O
an	O
antiviral	O
effect	O
in	O
advanced	O
cases	O
of	O
AHF	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
that	O
anemia	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
only	O
secondary	O
reaction	O
observed	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
easily	O
managed	O
.	O

The	O
possible	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
of	O
ribavirin	B-Chemical
during	O
the	O
initial	O
days	O
of	O
AHF	B-Disease
is	O
discussed	O
.	O

Is	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
scabies	B-Disease
hazardous	O
?	O

Treatment	O
for	O
scabies	B-Disease
is	O
usually	O
initiated	O
by	O
general	O
practitioners	O
;	O
most	O
consider	O
lindane	B-Chemical
(	O
gamma	B-Chemical
benzene	I-Chemical
hexachloride	I-Chemical
)	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
choice	O
.	O

Lindane	B-Chemical
is	O
also	O
widely	O
used	O
as	O
an	O
agricultural	O
and	O
industrial	O
pesticide	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
the	O
toxic	O
profile	O
of	O
this	O
insecticide	O
is	O
well	O
understood	O
.	O

Evidence	O
is	O
accumulating	O
that	O
lindane	B-Chemical
can	O
be	O
toxic	B-Disease
to	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
and	O
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anaemia	I-Disease
.	O

Preparations	O
containing	O
lindane	B-Chemical
continue	O
to	O
be	O
sold	O
over	O
the	O
counter	O
and	O
may	O
represent	O
a	O
hazard	O
to	O
poorly	O
informed	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
literature	O
review	O
suggests	O
that	O
general	O
practitioners	O
should	O
prescribe	O
scabicides	O
with	O
increased	O
caution	O
for	O
certain	O
at	O
-	O
risk	O
groups	O
,	O
and	O
give	O
adequate	O
warnings	O
regarding	O
potential	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Mouse	O
strain	O
-	O
dependent	O
effect	O
of	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
on	O
motility	O
and	O
brain	O
biogenic	O
amines	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
injected	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
in	O
6	O
increments	O
of	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
each	O
over	O
30	O
hr	O
,	O
on	O
mouse	O
motility	O
and	O
whole	O
brain	O
content	O
of	O
selected	O
biogenic	O
amines	B-Chemical
and	O
major	O
metabolites	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
4	O
strains	O
of	O
mice	O
.	O

These	O
were	O
the	O
albino	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
ICR	O
and	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
,	O
the	O
black	O
C57BL	O
/	O
6	O
and	O
the	O
brown	O
CDF	O
-	O
I	O
mouse	O
strains	O
.	O

Amantadine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
produced	O
a	O
biphasic	O
effect	O
on	O
mouse	O
motility	O
.	O

The	O
initial	O
dose	O
of	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
depressed	B-Disease
locomotor	O
activity	O
in	O
all	O
mouse	O
strains	O
studied	O
with	O
the	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
mice	O
being	O
the	O
most	O
sensitive	O
.	O

Subsequent	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
treatments	O
produced	O
enhancement	O
of	O
motility	O
from	O
corresponding	O
control	O
in	O
all	O
mouse	O
strains	O
with	O
the	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
mice	O
being	O
the	O
least	O
sensitive	O
.	O

The	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
was	O
decreased	O
from	O
corresponding	O
controls	O
in	O
all	O
strains	O
studied	O
,	O
except	O
for	O
the	O
ICR	O
mice	O
,	O
during	O
an	O
overnight	O
drug	O
-	O
free	O
period	O
following	O
the	O
fourth	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Readministration	O
of	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
,	O
after	O
a	O
drug	O
-	O
free	O
overnight	O
period	O
,	O
increased	O
motility	O
from	O
respective	O
saline	O
control	O
in	O
all	O
strains	O
with	O
exception	O
of	O
the	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
mice	O
where	O
suppression	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
motility	I-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

Treatment	O
with	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
alter	O
whole	O
brain	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
levels	O
but	O
decreased	O
the	O
amounts	O
of	O
3	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxyphenylacetic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
mice	O
compared	O
to	O
saline	O
control	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
brain	O
normetanephrine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
increased	O
from	O
saline	O
control	O
by	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
suggest	O
a	O
strain	O
-	O
dependent	O
effect	O
of	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
on	O
motility	O
and	O
indicate	O
a	O
differential	O
response	O
to	O
the	O
acute	O
and	O
multiple	O
dose	O
regimens	O
used	O
.	O

The	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
mouse	O
was	O
the	O
most	O
sensitive	O
strain	O
and	O
could	O
serve	O
as	O
the	O
strain	O
of	O
choice	O
for	O
evaluating	O
the	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
biochemical	O
results	O
of	O
brain	O
biogenic	O
amines	B-Chemical
of	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
mouse	O
strain	O
suggest	O
a	O
probable	O
decrease	O
of	O
catecholamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
rate	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
metabolism	O
by	O
monoamine	O
oxidase	O
and	O
a	O
resulting	O
increase	O
in	O
O	O
-	O
methylation	O
of	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
which	O
may	O
account	O
for	O
a	O
behavioral	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
amantadine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
BALB	O
/	O
C	O
mice	O
.	O

Chloroacetaldehyde	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
contribution	O
to	O
urotoxicity	O
during	O
treatment	O
with	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
or	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
.	O

An	O
experimental	O
study	O
/	O
short	O
communication	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
clinical	O
data	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
chloroacetaldehyde	B-Chemical
(	O
CAA	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
metabolite	O
of	O
oxazaphosphorine	O
cytostatics	O
,	O
an	O
experimental	O
study	O
was	O
carried	O
out	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
elucidate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
CAA	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
data	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
CAA	B-Chemical
after	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
administration	O
does	O
not	O
contribute	O
to	O
bladder	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
.	O

When	O
instilled	O
directly	O
into	O
the	O
bladder	O
,	O
CAA	B-Chemical
exerts	O
urotoxic	O
effects	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
susceptible	O
to	O
detoxification	O
with	O
mesna	B-Chemical
.	O

Source	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
and	O
primitive	O
dysfunction	O
in	O
migraine	B-Disease
:	O
an	O
identical	O
site	O
?	O

Twenty	O
common	O
migraine	B-Disease
patients	O
received	O
a	O
one	O
sided	O
frontotemporal	O
application	O
of	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
patients	O
)	O
or	O
placebo	O
ointment	O
(	O
10	O
patients	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
blind	O
study	O
.	O

Early	O
onset	O
migraine	B-Disease
attacks	O
were	O
induced	O
by	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
in	O
seven	O
out	O
of	O
10	O
patients	O
versus	O
no	O
patient	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
.	O

Subsequently	O
20	O
migraine	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
who	O
developed	O
an	O
early	O
onset	O
attack	O
with	O
frontotemporal	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
,	O
received	O
the	O
drug	O
in	O
a	O
second	O
induction	O
test	O
at	O
other	O
body	O
areas	O
.	O

No	O
early	O
onset	O
migraine	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
.	O

Thus	O
the	O
migraine	B-Disease
-	O
inducing	O
effect	O
of	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
seems	O
to	O
depend	O
on	O
direct	O
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
habitual	O
site	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
the	O
frontotemporal	O
region	O
is	O
of	O
crucial	O
importance	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
a	O
migraine	B-Disease
crisis	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
not	O
consistent	O
with	O
a	O
CNS	O
origin	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
.	O

Hypersensitivity	B-Disease
to	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
presenting	O
with	O
a	O
leukemoid	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
,	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
,	O
erythroderma	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
patient	O
in	O
whom	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
to	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
presented	O
with	O
generalized	O
erythroderma	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
severe	O
leukemoid	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
,	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
,	O
hyponatremia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
of	O
such	O
an	O
unusual	O
reaction	O
to	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
.	O

Fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
akathisia	B-Disease
:	O
clinical	O
and	O
theoretical	O
implications	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
receiving	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
obsessive	B-Disease
compulsive	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
or	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
developed	O
akathisia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
typical	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
symptoms	O
of	O
restlessness	O
,	O
constant	O
pacing	O
,	O
purposeless	O
movements	O
of	O
the	O
feet	O
and	O
legs	O
,	O
and	O
marked	O
anxiety	B-Disease
were	O
indistinguishable	O
from	O
those	O
of	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
akathisia	B-Disease
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
experienced	O
neuroleptic	O
-	O
induced	O
akathisia	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
past	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
symptoms	O
of	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
akathisia	B-Disease
were	O
identical	O
,	O
although	O
somewhat	O
milder	O
.	O

Akathisia	B-Disease
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
common	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
generally	O
responded	O
well	O
to	O
treatment	O
with	O
the	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
antagonist	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
,	O
dose	O
reduction	O
,	O
or	O
both	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
suggest	O
that	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
akathisia	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
serotonergically	O
mediated	O
inhibition	O
of	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotransmission	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
akathisia	B-Disease
and	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
"	O
jitteriness	O
"	O
may	O
be	O
identical	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibition	O
on	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
(	O
CEI	O
)	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
Munich	O
-	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
with	O
established	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
given	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
and	O
one	O
month	O
later	O
divided	O
into	O
four	O
groups	O
matched	O
for	O
albuminuria	B-Disease
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
and	O
plasma	O
albumin	O
concentration	O
.	O

Groups	O
1	O
and	O
3	O
remained	O
untreated	O
while	O
groups	O
2	O
and	O
4	O
received	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
.	O

Groups	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
underwent	O
micropuncture	O
studies	O
after	O
10	O
days	O
.	O

These	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
studies	O
showed	O
that	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
reduced	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
101	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
vs	O
.	O
124	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
group	O
2	O
vs	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
glomerular	O
capillary	O
pressure	O
(	O
54	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
vs	O
.	O
61	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
mm	O
Hg	O
,	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
without	O
reducing	O
albuminuria	B-Disease
(	O
617	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
50	O
vs	O
.	O
570	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
47	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
or	O
GFR	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
03	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
04	O
vs	O
.	O
1	O
.	O
04	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
11	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
.	O

Groups	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
were	O
studied	O
at	O
four	O
and	O
at	O
six	O
months	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
on	O
progression	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Chronic	O
enalapril	B-Chemical
treatment	O
reduced	O
blood	O
pressure	O
without	O
reducing	O
albuminuria	B-Disease
in	O
group	O
4	O
.	O

Untreated	O
group	O
3	O
rats	O
exhibited	O
a	O
progressive	O
reduction	O
in	O
GFR	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
35	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
08	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
at	O
4	O
months	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
27	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
07	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
at	O
6	O
months	O
)	O
.	O

Enalapril	B-Chemical
treatment	O
blunted	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
prevent	O
reduction	O
in	O
GFR	O
in	O
group	O
4	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
86	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
at	O
4	O
months	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
69	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
13	O
ml	O
/	O
min	O
at	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
both	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
vs	O
.	O
group	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

Reduction	O
in	O
GFR	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
glomerular	B-Disease
sclerosis	I-Disease
in	O
both	O
treated	O
and	O
untreated	O
rats	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Clotiazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
developed	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
with	O
extensive	B-Disease
hepatocellular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
7	O
months	O
after	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
administration	O
of	O
clotiazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
thienodiazepine	B-Chemical
derivative	O
.	O

Clotiazepam	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
prompt	O
recovery	O
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
several	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
,	O
chemically	O
related	O
to	O
clotiazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
did	O
not	O
interfere	O
with	O
recovery	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
induce	O
any	O
relapse	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
observation	O
shows	O
that	O
clotiazepam	B-Chemical
can	O
induce	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
and	O
suggests	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
cross	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
between	O
clotiazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
several	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
.	O

5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
azacytidine	I-Chemical
potentiates	O
initiation	B-Disease
induced	I-Disease
by	I-Disease
carcinogens	I-Disease
in	O
rat	O
liver	O
.	O

To	O
test	O
the	O
validity	O
of	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
hypomethylation	O
of	O
DNA	O
plays	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
initiation	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
carcinogenic	I-Disease
process	I-Disease
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
azacytidine	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AzC	I-Chemical
)	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
DNA	O
methylation	O
,	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
rats	O
during	O
the	O
phase	O
of	O
repair	O
synthesis	O
induced	O
by	O
the	O
three	O
carcinogens	O
,	O
benzo	B-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
a	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pyrene	I-Chemical
(	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitrosourea	I-Chemical
(	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dimethylhydrazine	I-Chemical
(	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DMH	I-Chemical
)	O
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
initiated	O
hepatocytes	O
in	O
the	O
liver	O
were	O
assayed	O
as	O
the	O
gamma	O
-	O
glutamyltransferase	O
(	O
gamma	O
-	O
GT	O
)	O
positive	O
foci	O
formed	O
following	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
week	O
selection	O
regimen	O
consisting	O
of	O
dietary	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
%	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acetylaminofluorene	I-Chemical
coupled	O
with	O
a	O
necrogenic	O
dose	O
of	O
CCl4	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
results	O
obtained	O
indicate	O
that	O
with	O
all	O
three	O
carcinogens	O
,	O
administration	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AzC	I-Chemical
during	O
repair	O
synthesis	O
increased	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
initiated	O
hepatocytes	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
10	O
-	O
20	O
foci	O
/	O
cm2	O
in	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AzC	I-Chemical
and	O
carcinogen	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
3	O
-	O
5	O
foci	O
/	O
cm2	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
carcinogen	O
only	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
azadeoxycytidine	I-Chemical
during	O
the	O
repair	O
synthesis	O
induced	O
by	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
DMH	I-Chemical
further	O
showed	O
that	O
0	O
.	O
019	O
mol	O
%	O
of	O
cytosine	B-Chemical
residues	O
in	O
DNA	O
were	O
substituted	O
by	O
the	O
analogue	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
incorporation	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AzC	I-Chemical
occurs	O
during	O
repair	O
synthesis	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
the	O
carcinogen	O
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
AzC	I-Chemical
given	O
after	O
a	O
two	O
thirds	O
partial	O
hepatectomy	O
,	O
when	O
its	O
incorporation	O
should	O
be	O
maximum	O
,	O
failed	O
to	O
induce	O
any	O
gamma	O
-	O
GT	O
positive	O
foci	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
hypomethylation	O
of	O
DNA	O
per	O
se	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
sufficient	O
for	O
initiation	O
.	O

Perhaps	O
two	O
events	O
might	O
be	O
necessary	O
for	O
initiation	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
carcinogen	O
and	O
a	O
second	O
involving	O
hypomethylation	O
of	O
DNA	O
.	O

Antihypertensive	O
drugs	O
and	O
depression	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
reappraisal	O
.	O

Eighty	O
-	O
nine	O
new	O
referral	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
out	O
-	O
patients	O
and	O
46	O
new	O
referral	O
non	O
-	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
chronically	O
physically	O
ill	O
out	O
-	O
patients	O
completed	O
a	O
mood	O
rating	O
scale	O
at	O
regular	O
intervals	O
for	O
one	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
showed	O
a	O
high	O
prevalence	O
of	O
depression	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
groups	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
preponderance	O
in	O
the	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
group	O
.	O

Hypertensive	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
histories	O
had	O
a	O
higher	O
prevalence	O
of	O
depression	B-Disease
than	O
the	O
comparison	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
accounted	O
for	O
by	O
a	O
significant	O
number	O
of	O
depressions	B-Disease
occurring	O
in	O
methyl	B-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
treated	O
patients	O
with	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
histories	O
.	O

Chronic	B-Disease
active	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Diclofenac	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
(	O
Voltarol	B-Chemical
,	O
Geigy	O
Pharmaceuticals	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
steroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
derivative	O
of	O
phenylacetic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
generally	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
,	O
asymptomatic	O
abnormalities	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
have	O
been	O
recorded	O
and	O
,	O
less	O
commonly	O
,	O
severe	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
described	O
developed	O
chronic	B-Disease
active	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
after	O
six	O
months	O
therapy	O
with	O
diclofenac	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
which	O
progressed	O
despite	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
,	O
a	O
finding	O
not	O
previously	O
reported	O
.	O

Arterial	O
hypertension	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
complication	O
of	O
prolonged	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Two	O
of	O
14	O
patients	O
with	O
Cushing	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
treated	O
on	O
a	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
basis	O
with	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
developed	O
sustained	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
both	O
cases	O
normal	O
plasma	O
and	O
urinary	O
free	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
levels	O
had	O
been	O
achieved	O
following	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
yet	O
continuous	O
blood	O
pressure	O
monitoring	O
demonstrated	O
hypertension	B-Disease
31	O
(	O
patient	O
1	O
)	O
and	O
52	O
weeks	O
(	O
patient	O
2	O
)	O
after	O
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
patient	O
1	O
,	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
deoxycorticosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
11	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
deoxycortisol	I-Chemical
were	O
elevated	O
.	O

In	O
patient	O
2	O
,	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
both	O
deoxycorticosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
11	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
deoxycortisol	I-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
plasma	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
values	O
were	O
raised	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
concomitant	O
suppression	O
of	O
renin	O
levels	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
show	O
that	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
may	O
induce	O
enzyme	O
blockade	O
leading	O
to	O
mineralocorticoid	O
-	O
related	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
(	O
Captopril	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
intravascular	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Induction	O
of	O
intravascular	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
fibrinolysis	O
by	O
injection	O
of	O
thrombin	O
and	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
AMCA	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
gives	O
rise	O
to	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
resembling	O
that	O
occurring	O
after	O
trauma	B-Disease
or	O
sepsis	B-Disease
in	O
man	O
.	O

Injection	O
of	O
Captopril	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
,	O
reduced	O
both	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
in	O
this	O
rat	O
model	O
.	O

The	O
lung	O
weights	O
were	O
lower	O
and	O
PaO2	O
was	O
improved	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
this	O
enzyme	O
-	O
blocking	O
agent	O
.	O

The	O
contents	O
of	O
albumin	O
in	O
the	O
lungs	O
were	O
not	O
changed	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
Captopril	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
influence	O
the	O
extravasation	O
of	O
protein	O
.	O

Renal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
as	O
reflected	O
by	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
serum	O
urea	B-Chemical
and	O
in	O
kidney	O
weight	O
was	O
prevented	O
by	O
Captopril	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
amount	O
of	O
fibrin	O
in	O
the	O
kidneys	O
was	O
also	O
considerably	O
lower	O
than	O
in	O
animals	O
which	O
received	O
thrombin	O
and	O
AMCA	B-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
Captopril	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
lungs	O
may	O
be	O
attributable	O
to	O
a	O
vasodilatory	O
effect	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
circulating	O
level	O
of	O
Angiotension	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
and	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
prostacyclin	B-Chemical
(	O
secondary	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Captopril	B-Chemical
may	O
,	O
by	O
the	O
same	O
mechanism	O
,	O
reduce	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
that	O
is	O
known	O
to	O
occur	O
after	O
an	O
injection	O
of	O
thrombin	O
,	O
thereby	O
diminishing	O
the	O
aggregation	O
of	O
fibrin	O
monomers	O
in	O
the	O
glomeruli	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
result	O
that	O
less	O
fibrin	O
will	O
be	O
deposited	O
and	O
thus	O
less	O
kidney	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
will	O
be	O
produced	O
.	O

Stroke	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
eight	O
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
was	O
related	O
to	O
stroke	B-Disease
and	O
review	O
39	O
cases	O
from	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

Among	O
these	O
47	O
patients	O
the	O
mean	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
age	O
was	O
32	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
1	O
years	O
;	O
76	O
%	O
(	O
34	O
/	O
45	O
)	O
were	O
men	O
.	O

Stroke	B-Disease
followed	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
by	O
inhalation	O
,	O
intranasal	O
,	O
intravenous	O
,	O
and	O
intramuscular	O
routes	O
.	O

Intracranial	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
or	O
arteriovenous	B-Disease
malformations	I-Disease
were	O
present	O
in	O
17	O
of	O
32	O
patients	O
studied	O
angiographically	O
or	O
at	O
autopsy	O
;	O
cerebral	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
was	O
present	O
in	O
two	O
patients	O
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
10	O
patients	O
(	O
22	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
in	O
22	O
(	O
49	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
in	O
13	O
(	O
29	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
(	O
1	O
)	O
the	O
apparent	O
incidence	O
of	O
stroke	B-Disease
related	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
is	O
increasing	O
;	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
stroke	B-Disease
occurs	O
primarily	O
in	O
young	O
adults	O
;	O
(	O
3	O
)	O
stroke	B-Disease
may	O
follow	O
any	O
route	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
;	O
(	O
4	O
)	O
stroke	B-Disease
after	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
is	O
frequently	O
associated	O
with	O
intracranial	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
and	O
arteriovenous	B-Disease
malformations	I-Disease
;	O
and	O
(	O
5	O
)	O
in	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
stroke	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
intracranial	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
exceeds	O
that	O
of	O
cerebral	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
randomized	O
comparison	O
of	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
and	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
for	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
randomized	O
study	O
,	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
were	O
compared	O
in	O
20	O
patients	O
(	O
10	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
)	O
scheduled	O
for	O
major	O
orthopedic	O
procedures	O
.	O

Each	O
patient	O
was	O
subjected	O
to	O
an	O
identical	O
anesthetic	O
protocol	O
and	O
similar	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
reductions	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
mean	I-Disease
arterial	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
(	O
BP	O
)	O
(	O
50	O
to	O
55	O
mmHg	O
)	O
.	O

Nitroprusside	O
infusion	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
significant	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
heart	I-Disease
rate	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
output	I-Disease
;	O
rebound	O
hypertension	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
three	O
patients	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
.	O

Labetalol	B-Chemical
administration	O
was	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
any	O
of	O
these	O
findings	O
.	O

Arterial	O
PO2	B-Chemical
decreased	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
concluded	O
that	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
offers	O
advantages	O
over	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
status	O
influences	O
chronic	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
potential	O
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
intraperitoneally	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
investigated	O
in	O
salt	O
-	O
depleted	O
,	O
normal	O
-	O
salt	O
,	O
and	O
salt	O
-	O
loaded	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
salt	O
-	O
depleted	O
rats	O
,	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
decreased	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
linearly	O
with	O
time	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
85	O
%	O
reduction	O
by	O
week	O
3	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
in	O
normal	O
-	O
salt	O
rats	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
was	O
decreased	O
but	O
to	O
a	O
lesser	O
extent	O
at	O
week	O
2	O
and	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
salt	O
-	O
loaded	O
rats	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
and	O
was	O
decreased	O
by	O
43	O
%	O
at	O
week	O
3	O
.	O

All	O
rats	O
in	O
the	O
sodium	B-Chemical
-	O
depleted	O
group	O
had	O
histopathological	O
evidence	O
of	O
patchy	O
tubular	O
cytoplasmic	O
degeneration	O
in	O
tubules	O
that	O
was	O
not	O
observed	O
in	O
any	O
normal	O
-	O
salt	O
or	O
salt	O
-	O
loaded	O
rat	O
.	O

Concentrations	O
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
in	O
plasma	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
among	O
the	O
three	O
groups	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
during	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
3	O
weeks	O
,	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
levels	O
in	O
the	O
kidneys	O
and	O
liver	O
were	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
salt	O
-	O
depleted	O
and	O
normal	O
-	O
salt	O
rats	O
than	O
those	O
in	O
salt	O
-	O
loaded	O
rats	O
,	O
with	O
plasma	O
/	O
kidney	O
ratios	O
of	O
21	O
,	O
14	O
,	O
and	O
8	O
in	O
salt	O
-	O
depleted	O
,	O
normal	O
-	O
salt	O
,	O
and	O
salt	O
-	O
loaded	O
rats	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
reductions	O
in	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
and	O
renal	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
accumulation	O
after	O
chronic	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
administration	O
were	O
enhanced	O
by	O
salt	O
depletion	O
and	O
attenuated	O
by	O
sodium	B-Chemical
loading	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Flestolol	B-Chemical
:	O
an	O
ultra	O
-	O
short	O
-	O
acting	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
blocking	O
agent	O
.	O

Flestolol	B-Chemical
(	O
ACC	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9089	I-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
nonselective	O
,	O
competitive	O
,	O
ultra	O
-	O
short	O
-	O
acting	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
blocking	O
agent	O
,	O
without	O
any	O
intrinsic	O
sympathomimetic	O
activity	O
.	O

Flestolol	B-Chemical
is	O
metabolized	O
by	O
plasma	O
esterases	O
and	O
has	O
an	O
elimination	O
half	O
-	O
life	O
of	O
approximately	O
6	O
.	O
5	O
minutes	O
.	O

This	O
agent	O
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
in	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
at	O
doses	O
up	O
to	O
100	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
.	O

In	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
infusion	O
studies	O
,	O
flestolol	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
at	O
the	O
effective	O
beta	O
-	O
blocking	O
dose	O
(	O
5	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
seven	O
days	O
.	O

Flestolol	B-Chemical
blood	O
concentrations	O
increased	O
linearly	O
with	O
increasing	O
dose	O
and	O
good	O
correlation	O
exists	O
between	O
blood	O
concentrations	O
of	O
flestolol	B-Chemical
and	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
blockade	O
.	O

Flestolol	B-Chemical
produced	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
attenuation	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Electrophysiologic	O
and	O
hemodynamic	O
effects	O
of	O
flestolol	B-Chemical
are	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
other	O
beta	O
blockers	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
with	O
other	O
beta	O
blockers	O
,	O
flestolol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
effects	O
reverse	O
rapidly	O
(	O
within	O
30	O
minutes	O
)	O
following	O
discontinuation	O
because	O
of	O
its	O
short	O
half	O
-	O
life	O
.	O

Flestolol	B-Chemical
effectively	O
reduced	O
heart	O
rate	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
supraventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmia	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
unstable	B-Disease
angina	I-Disease
,	O
flestolol	B-Chemical
infusion	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
safe	O
and	O
effective	O
in	O
controlling	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
flestolol	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
potent	O
,	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
,	O
ultra	O
-	O
short	O
-	O
acting	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
blocking	O
agent	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
flestolol	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
critical	O
care	O
setting	O
is	O
currently	O
undergoing	O
investigation	O
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
,	O
electron	O
microscopic	O
and	O
morphometric	O
studies	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rat	O
prolactinomas	B-Disease
after	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

To	O
clarify	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
on	O
prolactinoma	B-Disease
cells	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
immunohistochemical	O
,	O
ultrastructural	O
and	O
morphometrical	O
analyses	O
were	O
applied	O
to	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rat	O
prolactinoma	B-Disease
cells	O
1	O
h	O
and	O
6	O
h	O
after	O
injection	O
of	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
(	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
.	O

One	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	O
,	O
serum	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
decreased	O
markedly	O
.	O

Electron	O
microscopy	O
disclosed	O
many	O
secretory	O
granules	O
,	O
slightly	O
distorted	O
rough	O
endoplasmic	O
reticulum	O
,	O
and	O
partially	O
dilated	O
Golgi	O
cisternae	O
in	O
the	O
prolactinoma	B-Disease
cells	O
.	O

Morphometric	O
analysis	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
volume	O
density	O
of	O
secretory	O
granules	O
increased	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
volume	O
density	O
of	O
cytoplasmic	O
microtubules	O
decreased	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
lowered	O
serum	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
may	O
result	O
from	O
an	O
impaired	O
secretion	O
of	O
prolactin	O
due	O
to	O
decreasing	O
numbers	O
of	O
cytoplasmic	O
microtubules	O
.	O

At	O
6	O
h	O
after	O
injection	O
,	O
serum	O
prolactin	O
levels	O
were	O
still	O
considerably	O
lower	O
than	O
in	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
prolactinoma	B-Disease
cells	O
at	O
this	O
time	O
were	O
well	O
granulated	O
,	O
with	O
vesiculated	O
rough	O
endoplasmic	O
reticulum	O
and	O
markedly	O
dilated	O
Golgi	O
cisternae	O
.	O

Electron	O
microscopical	O
immunohistochemistry	O
revealed	O
positive	O
reaction	O
products	O
noted	O
on	O
the	O
secretory	O
granules	O
,	O
Golgi	O
cisternae	O
,	O
and	O
endoplasmic	O
reticulum	O
of	O
the	O
untreated	O
rat	O
prolactinoma	B-Disease
cells	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
only	O
secretory	O
granules	O
showed	O
the	O
positive	O
reaction	O
products	O
for	O
prolactin	O
6	O
h	O
after	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
of	O
the	O
adenoma	B-Disease
cells	O
.	O

An	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
volume	O
density	O
of	O
secretory	O
granules	O
and	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
volume	O
densities	O
of	O
rough	O
endoplasmic	O
reticulum	O
and	O
microtubules	O
was	O
determined	O
by	O
morphometric	O
analysis	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
protein	O
synthesis	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
bringing	O
about	O
a	O
disturbance	O
of	O
the	O
prolactin	O
secretion	O
.	O

Sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lupus	B-Disease
erythematosus	I-Disease
.	O

Pneumonitis	B-Disease
,	O
bilateral	O
pleural	B-Disease
effusions	I-Disease
,	O
echocardiographic	O
evidence	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
tamponade	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
positive	O
autoantibodies	O
developed	O
in	O
a	O
43	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
receiving	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
chronic	O
ulcerative	B-Disease
colitis	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
and	O
completion	O
of	O
a	O
six	O
-	O
week	O
course	O
of	O
corticosteroids	O
,	O
these	O
problems	O
resolved	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
four	O
to	O
six	O
months	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
patient	O
had	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lupus	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
manifested	O
with	O
serositis	B-Disease
and	O
pulmonary	O
parenchymal	O
involvement	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
joint	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Physicians	O
who	O
use	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
to	O
treat	O
patients	O
with	O
inflammatory	B-Disease
bowel	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
signs	O
of	O
sulfasalazine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lupus	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Chronic	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
:	O
efficacy	O
,	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
effect	O
on	O
plasma	O
and	O
tissue	O
folate	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
.	O

Folate	B-Chemical
depletion	O
has	O
often	O
been	O
a	O
problem	O
in	O
chronic	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
(	O
AED	O
)	O
therapy	O
.	O

Carbamazepine	B-Chemical
(	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
commonly	O
used	O
AED	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
some	O
clinical	O
studies	O
.	O

A	O
rat	O
model	O
was	O
developed	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
chronic	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
folate	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
developing	O
this	O
model	O
,	O
a	O
common	O
vehicle	O
,	O
propylene	B-Chemical
glycol	I-Chemical
,	O
by	O
itself	O
in	O
high	O
doses	O
,	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
exhibit	O
protective	O
properties	O
against	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
inhibited	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
.	O

Seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
hexafluorodiethyl	B-Chemical
ether	I-Chemical
(	O
HFDE	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
also	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
more	O
sensitive	O
measure	O
of	O
protection	O
by	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
than	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
maximal	O
electroshock	O
(	O
MES	O
)	O
.	O

Oral	O
administration	O
of	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
aqueous	O
suspension	O
every	O
8	O
h	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
was	O
continuously	O
protective	O
against	O
HFDE	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
was	O
minimally	O
toxic	O
as	O
measured	O
by	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
over	O
8	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
levels	O
measured	O
in	O
plasma	O
and	O
brain	O
of	O
these	O
animals	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
were	O
below	O
those	O
normally	O
considered	O
protective	O
.	O

This	O
treatment	O
with	O
CBZ	B-Chemical
had	O
no	O
apparent	O
adverse	O
effect	O
on	O
folate	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
,	O
and	O
,	O
indeed	O
,	O
the	O
folate	B-Chemical
concentration	O
increased	O
in	O
liver	O
after	O
6	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
and	O
in	O
plasma	O
at	O
8	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
.	O

Angina	B-Disease
and	O
ischemic	O
electrocardiographic	O
changes	O
occurred	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
oral	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
in	O
four	O
patients	O
awaiting	O
urgent	O
myocardial	O
revascularization	O
procedures	O
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
has	O
not	O
previously	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
a	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
preoperative	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
although	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
demonstrated	O
to	O
occur	O
in	O
animals	O
and	O
humans	O
with	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Epicardial	O
coronary	O
collateral	O
vessels	O
were	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
all	O
four	O
patients	O
;	O
a	O
coronary	O
"	O
steal	O
"	O
phenomenon	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
the	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ischemia	B-Disease
observed	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
sympathoadrenal	O
activity	O
by	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

In	O
six	O
conscious	O
,	O
trained	O
dogs	O
,	O
maintained	O
on	O
a	O
normal	O
sodium	B-Chemical
intake	O
of	O
2	O
to	O
4	O
mEq	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
sympathetic	O
activity	O
was	O
assessed	O
as	O
the	O
release	O
rate	O
of	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
and	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
during	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusions	O
of	O
human	O
alpha	O
-	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
.	O

Mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
(	O
as	O
a	O
percentage	O
of	O
control	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SEM	O
)	O
during	O
randomized	O
infusions	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
or	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
microgram	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
was	O
99	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
95	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
93	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
79	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
%	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
and	O
no	O
augmentation	O
of	O
the	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
release	O
rate	O
(	O
up	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
microgram	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
were	O
observed	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
comparable	O
hypotension	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
hydralazine	B-Chemical
or	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
release	O
rate	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
control	O
,	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
ng	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
)	O
declined	O
immediately	O
during	O
infusions	O
of	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
to	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
49	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
control	O
(	O
p	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
during	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
microgram	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
and	O
to	O
63	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
%	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
greater	O
than	O
p	O
greater	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
or	O
95	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
%	O
(	O
not	O
significant	O
)	O
during	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
or	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
microgram	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
.	O

Steady	O
state	O
arterial	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
were	O
39	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
during	O
infusions	O
of	O
saline	O
and	O
284	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
24	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
and	O
1520	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
300	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
9	O
)	O
during	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
microgram	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
infusions	O
of	O
the	O
factor	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
immunoreactive	O
corticotropin	O
-	O
releasing	O
factor	O
secretion	O
into	O
the	O
hypophysial	O
-	O
portal	O
circulation	O
by	O
delayed	O
glucocorticoid	O
feedback	O
.	O

Nitroprusside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
evokes	O
ACTH	O
secretion	O
which	O
is	O
primarily	O
mediated	O
by	O
enhanced	O
secretion	O
of	O
immunoreactive	O
corticotropin	O
-	O
releasing	O
factor	O
(	O
irCRF	O
)	O
into	O
the	O
hypophysial	O
-	O
portal	O
circulation	O
.	O

Portal	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
neither	O
arginine	B-Chemical
vasopressin	I-Chemical
nor	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
are	O
significantly	O
altered	O
in	O
this	O
paradigm	O
.	O

Application	O
of	O
a	O
delayed	O
feedback	O
signal	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
h	O
systemic	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
infusion	O
in	O
urethane	B-Chemical
-	O
anesthetized	O
rats	O
with	O
pharmacological	O
blockade	O
of	O
glucocorticoid	O
synthesis	O
,	O
is	O
without	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
resting	O
secretion	O
of	O
arginine	B-Chemical
vasopressin	I-Chemical
and	O
oxytocin	B-Chemical
at	O
any	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
feedback	O
dose	O
tested	O
.	O

Resting	O
irCRF	O
levels	O
are	O
suppressed	O
only	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
infusion	O
rate	O
,	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
systemic	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
levels	O
of	O
40	O
micrograms	O
/	O
dl	O
.	O

Suppression	O
of	O
irCRF	O
secretion	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
is	O
observed	O
and	O
occurs	O
at	O
a	O
plasma	O
corticosterone	B-Chemical
level	O
between	O
8	O
-	O
12	O
micrograms	O
/	O
dl	O
.	O

These	O
studies	O
provide	O
further	O
evidence	O
for	O
a	O
strong	O
central	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
delayed	O
feedback	O
process	O
which	O
is	O
mediated	O
by	O
modulation	O
of	O
irCRF	O
release	O
.	O

Noradrenergic	O
involvement	O
in	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
delta	B-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydrocannabinol	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
order	O
to	O
elucidate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
catecholaminergic	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
cataleptogenic	O
effect	O
of	O
delta	B-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrahydrocannabinol	I-Chemical
(	O
THC	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxydopamine	I-Chemical
(	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
)	O
or	O
with	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
and	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
and	O
lesions	O
of	O
the	O
locus	O
coeruleus	O
were	O
investigated	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
cataleptogenic	O
effect	O
of	O
THC	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
and	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
lesions	O
of	O
the	O
locus	O
coeruleus	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
and	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
,	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
rats	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
the	O
cataleptogenic	O
effect	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
and	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
but	O
not	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
6	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
OHDA	I-Chemical
or	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
lesions	O
of	O
the	O
locus	O
coeruleus	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
noradrenergic	O
neurons	O
have	O
an	O
important	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
manifestation	O
of	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
THC	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
dopaminergic	O
neurons	O
are	O
important	O
in	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

Reversibility	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
after	O
prolonged	O
use	O
in	O
an	O
unusual	O
case	O
of	O
renovascular	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
severe	O
hypertension	B-Disease
with	O
an	O
occluded	O
renal	O
artery	O
to	O
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
,	O
who	O
developed	O
sudden	B-Disease
deterioration	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
captopril	B-Chemical
.	O

His	O
renal	O
function	O
remained	O
impaired	O
but	O
stable	O
during	O
2	O
years	O
'	O
treatment	O
with	O
captopril	B-Chemical
but	O
returned	O
to	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
levels	O
soon	O
after	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

This	O
indicates	O
reversibility	O
in	O
captopril	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
even	O
after	O
its	O
prolonged	O
use	O
and	O
suggests	O
that	O
no	O
organic	O
damage	O
occurs	O
to	O
glomerular	O
arterioles	O
following	O
chronic	O
ACE	O
inhibition	O
.	O

HMG	O
CoA	O
reductase	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

Current	O
clinical	O
experience	O
.	O

Lovastatin	B-Chemical
and	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
are	O
the	O
2	O
best	O
-	O
known	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
class	O
of	O
hypolipidaemic	O
agents	O
known	O
as	O
HMG	O
CoA	O
reductase	O
inhibitors	O
.	O

Clinical	O
experience	O
with	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
includes	O
over	O
5000	O
patients	O
,	O
700	O
of	O
whom	O
have	O
been	O
treated	O
for	O
2	O
years	O
or	O
more	O
,	O
and	O
experience	O
with	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
includes	O
over	O
3500	O
patients	O
,	O
of	O
whom	O
350	O
have	O
been	O
treated	O
for	O
18	O
months	O
or	O
more	O
.	O

Lovastatin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
marketed	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
for	O
over	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

Both	O
agents	O
show	O
substantial	O
clinical	O
efficacy	O
,	O
with	O
reductions	O
in	O
total	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
of	O
over	O
30	O
%	O
and	O
in	O
LDL	O
-	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
of	O
40	O
%	O
in	O
clinical	O
studies	O
.	O

Modest	O
increases	O
in	O
HDL	O
-	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
levels	O
of	O
about	O
10	O
%	O
are	O
also	O
reported	O
.	O

Clinical	O
tolerability	O
of	O
both	O
agents	O
has	O
been	O
good	O
,	O
with	O
fewer	O
than	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
withdrawn	O
from	O
treatment	O
because	O
of	O
clinical	O
adverse	O
experiences	O
.	O

Ophthalmological	O
examinations	O
in	O
over	O
1100	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
one	O
or	O
the	O
other	O
agent	O
have	O
revealed	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
significant	O
short	O
term	O
(	O
up	O
to	O
2	O
years	O
)	O
cataractogenic	O
potential	O
.	O

One	O
to	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
have	O
elevations	O
of	O
serum	O
transaminases	O
to	O
greater	O
than	O
3	O
times	O
the	O
upper	O
limit	O
of	O
normal	O
.	O

These	O
episodes	O
are	O
asymptomatic	O
and	O
reversible	O
when	O
therapy	O
is	O
discontinued	O
.	O

Minor	O
elevations	O
of	O
creatine	B-Chemical
kinase	O
levels	O
are	O
reported	O
in	O
about	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Myopathy	B-Disease
,	O
associated	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
with	O
myoglobinuria	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
in	O
2	O
cases	O
with	O
transient	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
has	O
been	O
rarely	O
reported	O
with	O
lovastatin	B-Chemical
,	O
especially	O
in	O
patients	O
concomitantly	O
treated	O
with	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
,	O
gemfibrozil	B-Chemical
or	O
niacin	B-Chemical
.	O

Lovastatin	B-Chemical
and	O
simvastatin	B-Chemical
are	O
both	O
effective	O
and	O
well	O
-	O
tolerated	O
agents	O
for	O
lowering	O
elevated	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
.	O

As	O
wider	O
use	O
confirms	O
their	O
safety	O
profile	O
,	O
they	O
will	O
gain	O
increasing	O
importance	O
in	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
approach	O
to	O
hypercholesterolaemia	B-Disease
and	O
its	O
consequences	O
.	O

Hepatic	O
reactions	O
associated	O
with	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
.	O

Ketoconazole	B-Chemical
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
in	O
1981	O
.	O

By	O
November	O
1984	O
the	O
Committee	O
on	O
Safety	O
of	O
Medicines	O
had	O
received	O
82	O
reports	O
of	O
possible	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
drug	O
,	O
including	O
five	O
deaths	B-Disease
.	O

An	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
75	O
cases	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
adequately	O
followed	O
up	O
suggested	O
that	O
16	O
,	O
including	O
three	O
deaths	B-Disease
,	O
were	O
probably	O
related	O
to	O
treatment	O
with	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
remainder	O
,	O
48	O
were	O
possibly	O
related	O
to	O
treatment	O
,	O
five	O
were	O
unlikely	O
to	O
be	O
so	O
,	O
and	O
six	O
were	O
unclassifiable	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
age	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
16	O
probable	O
cases	O
was	O
57	O
.	O
9	O
,	O
with	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
being	O
more	O
common	O
in	O
women	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
duration	O
of	O
treatment	O
before	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
jaundice	B-Disease
was	O
61	O
days	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
these	O
well	O
validated	O
cases	O
occurred	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
10	O
days	O
after	O
treatment	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
serum	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
suggested	O
hepatocellular	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
10	O
(	O
63	O
%	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
rest	O
showed	O
a	O
mixed	O
pattern	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
histological	O
examination	O
of	O
the	O
liver	O
often	O
showed	O
evidence	O
of	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
characteristics	O
of	O
the	O
48	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
possible	O
cases	O
were	O
similar	O
.	O

Allergic	O
manifestations	O
such	O
as	O
rash	B-Disease
and	O
eosinophilia	B-Disease
were	O
rare	O
.	O

Hepatitis	B-Disease
was	O
usually	O
reversible	O
when	O
treatment	O
was	O
stopped	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
returning	O
to	O
normal	O
after	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
1	O
months	O
.	O

In	O
two	O
of	O
the	O
three	O
deaths	B-Disease
probably	O
associated	O
with	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
treatment	O
the	O
drug	O
had	O
been	O
continued	O
after	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
jaundice	B-Disease
and	O
other	O
symptoms	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

Clinical	O
and	O
biochemical	O
monitoring	O
at	O
regular	O
intervals	O
for	O
evidence	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
is	O
advised	O
during	O
long	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
ketoconazole	B-Chemical
to	O
prevent	O
possible	O
serious	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

Glyburide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
although	O
common	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
only	O
infrequently	O
with	O
sulfonylureas	B-Chemical
.	O

For	O
glyburide	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
sulfonylurea	B-Chemical
,	O
only	O
two	O
brief	O
reports	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
exist	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
with	O
type	B-Disease
II	I-Disease
diabetes	I-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
developed	O
an	O
acute	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
soon	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
glyburide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
serologic	O
evidence	O
of	O
viral	B-Disease
infection	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
a	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
sample	O
showed	O
a	O
histologic	O
pattern	O
consistent	O
with	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
.	O

Both	O
patients	O
recovered	O
quickly	O
after	O
stopping	O
glyburide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
and	O
have	O
remained	O
well	O
for	O
a	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
of	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

Glyburide	B-Chemical
can	O
produce	O
an	O
acute	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
illness	I-Disease
in	O
some	O
persons	O
.	O

Intracranial	O
pressure	O
increases	O
during	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rigidity	B-Disease
.	O

Intracranial	O
pressure	O
(	O
ICP	O
)	O
was	O
measured	O
during	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
rigidity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Ten	O
rats	O
had	O
arterial	O
,	O
central	O
venous	O
(	O
CVP	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
subdural	O
cannulae	O
inserted	O
under	O
halothane	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
.	O

The	O
animals	O
were	O
mechanically	O
ventilated	O
to	O
achieve	O
normocarbia	O
(	O
PCO2	O
=	O
42	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
mmHg	O
,	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

Following	O
instrumentation	O
,	O
halothane	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
(	O
125	O
mu	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
administered	O
iv	O
during	O
emergence	O
from	O
halothane	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
five	O
rats	O
that	O
developed	O
somatic	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
,	O
ICP	O
and	O
CVP	O
increased	O
significantly	O
above	O
baseline	O
(	O
delta	O
ICP	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mmHg	O
,	O
delta	O
CVP	O
5	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
mmHg	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
variables	O
returned	O
to	O
baseline	O
when	O
rigidity	B-Disease
was	O
abolished	O
with	O
metocurine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
five	O
rats	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
become	O
rigid	O
,	O
ICP	O
and	O
CVP	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
following	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
observations	O
suggest	O
that	O
rigidity	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
prevented	O
when	O
alfentanil	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
,	O
presumably	O
,	O
other	O
opiates	O
,	O
are	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
anesthetic	O
management	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
ICP	O
problems	O
.	O

Verapamil	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
as	O
a	O
possible	O
cause	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
woman	O
with	O
a	O
normal	O
coronary	O
angiogram	O
.	O

Verapamil	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
effective	O
and	O
relatively	O
-	O
safe	O
antihypertensive	O
drug	O
.	O

Serious	O
adverse	O
effects	O
are	O
uncommon	O
and	O
mainly	O
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
depression	B-Disease
of	O
cardiac	O
contractility	O
and	O
conduction	O
,	O
especially	O
when	O
the	O
drug	O
is	O
combined	O
with	O
beta	O
-	O
blocking	O
agents	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
in	O
which	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
coincided	O
with	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
captopril	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
previously	O
asymptomatic	O
woman	O
with	O
severe	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Possible	O
mechanisms	O
that	O
involve	O
a	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
increase	O
in	O
platelet	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
vascular	O
alpha	O
2	O
-	O
adrenoreceptor	O
affinity	O
for	O
catecholamines	B-Chemical
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Haemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uraemic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
paper	O
describes	O
the	O
clinical	O
features	O
of	O
six	O
children	O
who	O
developed	O
the	O
haemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uraemic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
children	O
were	O
older	O
and	O
were	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
undergone	O
recent	O
bowel	O
surgery	O
than	O
are	O
other	O
children	O
with	O
this	O
condition	O
.	O

While	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
aetiology	O
of	O
the	O
haemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uraemic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
not	O
established	O
firmly	O
,	O
the	O
action	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
in	O
sensitizing	O
tissues	O
to	O
oxidation	O
injury	O
and	O
the	O
reported	O
evidence	O
of	O
oxidation	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
haemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uraemic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
suggest	O
a	O
possible	O
link	O
between	O
metronidazole	B-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
some	O
cases	O
of	O
the	O
haemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uraemic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

Adverse	O
cardiac	O
effects	O
during	O
induction	O
chemotherapy	O
treatment	O
with	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
platin	I-Chemical
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
.	O

Survival	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
head	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
and	O
esophageal	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
is	O
poor	O
with	O
radiotherapy	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
surgery	O
.	O

Obviously	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
need	O
for	O
effective	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
cis	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
platin	I-Chemical
(	O
80	O
-	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2BSA	O
)	O
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
(	O
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
m2BSA	O
daily	O
as	O
a	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
during	O
5	O
days	O
)	O
were	O
given	O
to	O
76	O
patients	O
before	O
radiotherapy	O
and	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
clarify	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
adverse	O
cardiac	O
effects	O
to	O
this	O
treatment	O
.	O

Before	O
treatment	O
all	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
cardiac	O
evaluation	O
and	O
during	O
treatment	O
serial	O
ECG	O
recordings	O
were	O
performed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
evaluation	O
,	O
signs	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
were	O
found	O
in	O
33	O
patients	O
(	O
43	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

During	O
treatment	O
,	O
adverse	O
cardiac	O
effects	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
14	O
patients	O
(	O
18	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
age	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
was	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
for	O
the	O
entire	O
group	O
,	O
64	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
higher	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
signs	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
than	O
in	O
those	O
without	O
in	O
the	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
evaluation	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
signs	O
of	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
were	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
ST	O
-	O
T	O
wave	O
changes	O
and	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
in	O
one	O
patient	O
and	O
sudden	B-Disease
death	I-Disease
in	O
another	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
patients	O
on	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
treatment	O
should	O
be	O
under	O
close	O
supervision	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
treatment	O
should	O
be	O
discontinued	O
if	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
or	O
tachyarrhythmia	B-Disease
is	O
observed	O
.	O

Death	B-Disease
from	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
gestational	B-Disease
trophoblastic	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Multiple	O
cytotoxic	O
drug	O
administration	O
is	O
the	O
generally	O
accepted	O
treatment	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
stage	O
of	O
choriocarcinoma	B-Disease
.	O

Based	O
on	O
this	O
principle	O
a	O
27	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
woman	O
,	O
classified	O
as	O
being	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
risk	O
group	O
(	O
Goldstein	O
and	O
Berkowitz	O
score	O
:	O
11	O
)	O
,	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
multiple	O
cytotoxic	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
multiple	O
drug	O
schema	O
consisted	O
of	O
:	O
Etoposide	B-Chemical
16	O
.	O
213	O
,	O
Methotrexate	B-Chemical
,	O
Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
,	O
Actomycin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
schedule	O
,	O
moderate	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
Methotrexate	B-Chemical
,	O
Etoposide	B-Chemical
and	O
Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
were	O
administered	O
.	O

Within	O
8	O
hours	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
therapy	O
the	O
patient	O
died	O
with	O
a	O
clinical	O
picture	O
resembling	O
massive	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
obstruction	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
choriocarcinomic	O
tissue	O
plugs	O
,	O
probably	O
originating	O
from	O
the	O
uterus	O
.	O

Formation	O
of	O
these	O
plugs	O
was	O
probably	O
due	O
to	O
extensive	O
tumor	B-Disease
necrosis	B-Disease
at	O
the	O
level	O
of	O
the	O
walls	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
uterine	O
veins	O
,	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
open	O
exchange	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
plugs	O
to	O
the	O
vascular	O
spaces	O
;	O
decrease	O
in	O
tumor	B-Disease
tissue	O
coherence	O
secondary	O
to	O
chemotherapy	O
may	O
have	O
further	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
tumor	B-Disease
emboli	O
.	O

In	O
view	O
of	O
the	O
close	O
time	O
association	O
between	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
the	O
acute	O
onset	O
of	O
massive	O
embolism	B-Disease
other	O
explanations	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
spontaneous	O
necrosis	B-Disease
,	O
must	O
be	O
considered	O
less	O
likely	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
large	O
pelvic	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
loads	O
are	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
existing	O
classifications	O
,	O
at	O
high	O
risk	O
to	O
die	O
and	O
to	O
develop	O
drug	O
resistance	O
.	O

Notwithstanding	O
these	O
facts	O
our	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
these	O
patients	O
might	O
benefit	O
from	O
relatively	O
mild	O
initial	O
treatment	O
,	O
especially	O
true	O
for	O
patients	O
not	O
previously	O
exposed	O
to	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

Close	O
observation	O
of	O
the	O
response	O
status	O
both	O
clinically	O
and	O
with	O
beta	O
-	O
hCG	O
values	O
may	O
indicate	O
whether	O
and	O
when	O
more	O
agressive	O
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
should	O
be	O
started	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Pulmonary	O
shunt	O
and	O
cardiovascular	O
responses	O
to	O
CPAP	O
during	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
continuous	O
positive	O
airway	O
pressure	O
(	O
CPAP	O
)	O
on	O
cardiovascular	O
dynamics	O
and	O
pulmonary	O
shunt	O
(	O
QS	O
/	O
QT	O
)	O
were	O
investigated	O
in	O
12	O
dogs	O
before	O
and	O
during	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
infusion	O
that	O
decreased	O
mean	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
40	O
-	O
50	O
per	O
cent	O
.	O

Before	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
5	O
cm	O
H2O	B-Chemical
CPAP	O
significantly	O
,	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
.	O
05	O
,	O
decreased	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
significantly	O
alter	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
cardiac	O
output	O
,	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
,	O
or	O
QS	O
/	O
QT	O
.	O

Ten	O
cm	O
H2O	B-Chemical
CPAP	O
before	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
infusion	O
produced	O
a	O
further	O
decrease	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
arterial	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	O
significantly	O
increased	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
decreased	B-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
output	I-Disease
and	O
QS	O
/	O
QT	O
.	O

Nitroprusside	B-Chemical
caused	O
significant	O
decreases	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
arterial	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
and	O
increases	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
,	O
but	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
cardiac	O
output	O
or	O
QS	O
/	O
QT	O
.	O

Five	O
cm	O
H2O	B-Chemical
CPAP	O
during	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
further	O
alter	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
variables	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
10	O
cm	O
H2O	B-Chemical
CPAP	O
decreased	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
cardiac	O
output	O
,	O
and	O
QS	O
/	O
QT	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
infusion	O
rates	O
that	O
decrease	O
mean	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
by	O
40	O
-	O
50	O
per	O
cent	O
do	O
not	O
change	O
cardiac	O
output	O
or	O
QS	O
/	O
QT	O
.	O

During	O
nitroprusside	B-Chemical
infusion	O
low	O
levels	O
of	O
CPAP	O
do	O
not	O
markedly	O
alter	O
cardiovascular	O
dynamics	O
,	O
but	O
high	O
levels	O
of	O
CPAP	O
(	O
10	O
cm	O
H2O	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
while	O
decreasing	O
QS	O
/	O
QT	O
,	O
produce	O
marked	O
decreases	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
arterial	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
cardiac	I-Disease
output	I-Disease
.	O

Systolic	O
pressure	O
variation	O
is	O
greater	O
during	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
than	O
during	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
ventilated	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
variation	O
(	O
SPV	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
maximal	O
and	O
minimal	O
values	O
of	O
the	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
after	O
one	O
positive	O
-	O
pressure	O
breath	O
,	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
ventilated	O
dogs	O
subjected	O
to	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
was	O
decreased	O
to	O
50	O
mm	O
Hg	O
for	O
30	O
minutes	O
either	O
by	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
(	O
HEM	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
(	O
SNP	B-Chemical
,	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
.	O

During	O
HEM	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
the	O
cardiac	O
output	O
was	O
significantly	O
lower	O
and	O
systemic	O
vascular	O
resistance	O
higher	O
compared	O
with	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
SNP	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

The	O
systemic	O
,	O
central	O
venous	O
,	O
pulmonary	O
capillary	O
wedge	O
pressures	O
,	O
and	O
heart	O
rates	O
,	O
were	O
similar	O
in	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Analysis	O
of	O
the	O
respiratory	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
waveform	O
enabled	O
differentiation	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

The	O
SPV	O
during	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
15	O
.	O
7	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
mm	O
Hg	O
in	O
the	O
HEM	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
9	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mm	O
Hg	O
in	O
the	O
SNP	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
delta	O
down	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
measure	O
of	O
decrease	O
of	O
SBP	O
after	O
a	O
mechanical	O
breath	O
,	O
was	O
20	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
8	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
10	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
8	O
mm	O
Hg	O
in	O
the	O
HEM	B-Disease
and	O
SNP	B-Chemical
groups	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
during	O
hypotension	B-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
increases	O
in	O
the	O
SPV	O
and	O
the	O
delta	O
down	O
are	O
characteristic	O
of	O
a	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
state	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
predominant	O
decrease	O
in	O
preload	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
thus	O
more	O
important	O
during	O
absolute	O
hypovolemia	B-Disease
than	O
during	O
deliberate	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Ventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmias	I-Disease
during	O
cesarean	O
section	O
after	O
ritodrine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
interaction	O
with	O
anesthetics	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
illustrates	O
that	O
patients	O
receiving	O
ritodrine	B-Chemical
for	O
preterm	B-Disease
labor	I-Disease
may	O
risk	O
interactions	O
between	O
the	O
residual	O
betamimetic	O
effects	O
of	O
ritodrine	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
anesthetics	O
during	O
cesarean	O
section	O
.	O

Such	O
interactions	O
may	O
result	O
in	O
serious	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
even	O
after	O
cessation	O
of	O
an	O
infusion	O
of	O
ritodrine	B-Chemical
.	O

Preoperative	O
assessment	O
should	O
focus	O
on	O
cardiovascular	O
status	O
and	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
level	O
.	O

Delaying	O
induction	O
of	O
anesthesia	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
whenever	O
possible	O
.	O

Careful	O
fluid	O
administration	O
and	O
cautious	O
use	O
of	O
titrated	O
doses	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
are	O
advised	O
.	O

After	O
delivery	O
of	O
the	O
infant	O
,	O
there	O
should	O
be	O
no	O
contraindication	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
vasopressor	O
such	O
as	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
to	O
treat	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Verapamil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
with	O
signs	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
after	O
combined	O
treatment	O
with	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
showed	O
complete	O
recovery	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
calcium	B-Chemical
entry	O
blocker	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
should	O
either	O
be	O
avoided	O
or	O
prescribed	O
only	O
with	O
appropriate	O
adjustment	O
of	O
the	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
dose	O
(	O
usually	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
dose	O
by	O
one	O
half	O
)	O
.	O

Paracetamol	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
coma	B-Disease
,	O
metabolic	B-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
,	O
renal	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
metabolic	B-Disease
acidosis	I-Disease
,	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
following	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
is	O
presented	O
.	O

The	O
diagnostic	O
difficulty	O
at	O
presentation	O
is	O
highlighted	O
.	O

Continuous	O
arteriovenous	O
haemofiltration	O
proved	O
a	O
valuable	O
means	O
of	O
maintaining	O
fluid	O
and	O
electrolyte	O
balance	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
recovered	O
.	O

Sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
among	O
patients	O
with	O
arthritis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
relationship	O
of	O
arthritis	B-Disease
and	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
was	O
investigated	O
among	O
169	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
,	O
osteoarthritis	B-Disease
and	O
spondyloarthropathy	B-Disease
,	O
130	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
pair	O
-	O
matched	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

Assessments	O
of	O
marital	O
happiness	O
and	O
depressed	B-Disease
mood	I-Disease
were	O
also	O
made	O
using	O
the	O
CES	O
-	O
D	O
and	O
the	O
Azrin	O
Marital	O
Happiness	O
Scale	O
(	O
AMHS	O
)	O
.	O

Sexual	B-Disease
dysfunctions	I-Disease
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
common	O
among	O
patients	O
and	O
controls	O
,	O
the	O
majority	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
reporting	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
dysfunctions	O
.	O

Impotence	B-Disease
was	O
more	O
common	O
among	O
male	O
patients	O
than	O
controls	O
and	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
co	O
-	O
morbidity	O
and	O
the	O
taking	O
of	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
.	O

Depressed	B-Disease
mood	I-Disease
was	O
more	O
common	O
among	O
patients	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
certain	O
sexual	O
difficulties	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
impotence	B-Disease
.	O

Marital	O
unhappiness	O
,	O
as	O
indicated	O
by	O
AMHS	O
scores	O
,	O
was	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
arthritis	B-Disease
but	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
sexual	O
dissatisfaction	O
and	O
being	O
female	O
.	O

Does	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
cause	O
urothelial	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
or	O
renal	B-Disease
papillary	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
?	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
developing	O
renal	B-Disease
papillary	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
or	O
cancer	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
pelvis	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
ureter	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
consumption	O
of	O
either	O
phenacetin	B-Chemical
or	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
was	O
calculated	O
from	O
data	O
acquired	O
by	O
questionnaire	O
from	O
381	O
cases	O
and	O
808	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
renal	B-Disease
papillary	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
was	O
increased	O
nearly	O
20	O
-	O
fold	O
by	O
consumption	O
of	O
phenacetin	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
also	O
increased	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
cancer	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
pelvis	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
but	O
not	O
for	O
ureteric	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

By	O
contrast	O
,	O
we	O
were	O
unable	O
to	O
substantiate	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
from	O
paracetamol	B-Chemical
consumption	O
for	O
renal	B-Disease
papillary	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
or	O
any	O
of	O
these	O
cancers	B-Disease
although	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
suggestion	O
of	O
an	O
association	O
with	O
cancer	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
ureter	I-Disease
.	O

Dapsone	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
Heinz	O
body	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
Cambodian	O
woman	O
with	O
hemoglobin	O
E	O
trait	O
.	O

A	O
Cambodian	O
woman	O
with	O
hemoglobin	O
E	O
trait	O
(	O
AE	O
)	O
and	O
leprosy	B-Disease
developed	O
a	O
Heinz	O
body	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
while	O
taking	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
dapsone	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
)	O
not	O
usually	O
associated	O
with	O
clinical	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
.	O

Her	O
red	O
blood	O
cells	O
(	O
RBCs	O
)	O
had	O
increased	O
incubated	O
Heinz	O
body	O
formation	O
,	O
decreased	O
reduced	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
(	O
GSH	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
GSH	B-Chemical
stability	O
.	O

The	O
pentose	B-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
shunt	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
dapsone	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
AE	O
RBCs	O
was	O
increased	O
compared	O
to	O
normal	O
RBCs	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
AE	O
RBCs	O
from	O
an	O
individual	O
not	O
taking	O
dapsone	B-Chemical
had	O
increased	O
incubated	O
Heinz	O
body	O
formation	O
,	O
the	O
GSH	B-Chemical
content	O
and	O
GSH	B-Chemical
stability	O
were	O
normal	O
.	O

The	O
pentose	B-Chemical
phosphate	I-Chemical
shunt	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
dapsone	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
AE	O
RBCs	O
was	O
decreased	O
compared	O
to	O
normal	O
RBCs	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
AE	O
RBCs	O
appear	O
to	O
have	O
an	O
increased	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
oxidant	O
stress	O
both	O
in	O
vitro	O
and	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
since	O
dapsone	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
cause	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
at	O
this	O
dose	O
in	O
hematologically	O
normal	O
individuals	O
.	O

Given	O
the	O
influx	O
of	O
Southeast	O
Asians	O
into	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
oxidant	O
medications	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
caution	O
,	O
especially	O
if	O
an	O
infection	B-Disease
is	O
present	O
,	O
in	O
individuals	O
of	O
ethnic	O
backgrounds	O
that	O
have	O
an	O
increased	O
prevalence	O
of	O
hemoglobin	O
E	O
.	O

Severe	O
complications	O
of	O
antianginal	O
drug	O
therapy	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
identified	O
as	O
a	O
poor	O
metabolizer	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
,	O
propafenone	B-Chemical
,	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
sparteine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
47	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
patient	O
suffering	O
from	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
CCU	O
in	O
shock	B-Disease
with	O
III	O
.	O

AV	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
,	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

One	O
week	O
prior	O
to	O
admission	O
a	O
therapy	O
with	O
standard	O
doses	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
t	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
and	O
then	O
100	O
mg	O
b	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
)	O
had	O
been	O
initiated	O
.	O

Two	O
days	O
before	O
admission	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
(	O
60	O
mg	O
b	O
.	O
i	O
.	O
d	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
prescribed	O
in	O
addition	O
.	O

Analyses	O
of	O
a	O
blood	O
sample	O
revealed	O
unusually	O
high	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
(	O
greater	O
than	O
3000	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
and	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
(	O
526	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
recovered	O
within	O
1	O
week	O
following	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
antianginal	O
therapy	O
.	O

Three	O
months	O
later	O
the	O
patient	O
was	O
exposed	O
to	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
,	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
propafenone	B-Chemical
(	O
since	O
he	O
had	O
received	O
this	O
drug	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
sparteine	B-Chemical
(	O
as	O
a	O
probe	O
for	O
the	O
debrisoquine	B-Chemical
/	O
sparteine	B-Chemical
type	O
polymorphism	O
of	O
oxidative	O
drug	O
metabolism	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
he	O
was	O
a	O
poor	O
metabolizer	O
of	O
all	O
four	O
drugs	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
their	O
metabolism	O
is	O
under	O
the	O
same	O
genetic	O
control	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
patients	O
belonging	O
to	O
the	O
poor	O
-	O
metabolizer	O
phenotype	O
of	O
sparteine	B-Chemical
/	O
debrisoquine	B-Chemical
polymorphism	O
in	O
drug	O
metabolism	O
,	O
which	O
constitutes	O
6	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
German	O
population	O
,	O
may	O
experience	O
adverse	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
when	O
treated	O
with	O
standard	O
doses	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
alone	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
the	O
coadministration	O
of	O
these	O
frequently	O
used	O
drugs	O
is	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
especially	O
harmful	O
in	O
this	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Clinical	O
experiences	O
in	O
an	O
open	O
and	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trial	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
sixty	O
patients	O
were	O
trated	O
with	O
bromperidol	B-Chemical
first	O
in	O
open	O
conditions	O
(	O
20	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
then	O
on	O
a	O
double	O
blind	O
basis	O
(	O
40	O
patients	O
)	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
as	O
the	O
reference	O
substance	O
.	O

The	O
open	O
study	O
lasted	O
for	O
four	O
weeks	O
;	O
the	O
drug	O
was	O
administrated	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
1	O
mg	O
tablets	O
.	O

The	O
daily	O
dose	O
(	O
initial	O
dose	O
:	O
1	O
mg	O
;	O
mean	O
dose	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
trial	O
:	O
4	O
.	O
47	O
mg	O
)	O
was	O
always	O
administered	O
in	O
one	O
single	O
dose	O
.	O

Nineteen	O
patients	O
finished	O
the	O
trial	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
18	O
cases	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
result	O
was	O
considered	O
very	O
good	O
to	O
good	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
were	O
confirmed	O
by	O
statistical	O
analysis	O
.	O

Nine	O
patients	O
exhibited	O
mild	O
to	O
moderate	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
concomitant	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
;	O
no	O
other	O
side	O
effects	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
detailed	O
laboratory	O
tests	O
and	O
evaluations	O
of	O
various	O
quantitative	O
and	O
qualitative	O
tolerability	O
parameters	O
were	O
not	O
indicative	O
of	O
toxic	O
effects	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
double	O
blind	O
study	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
both	O
substances	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
highly	O
effective	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
psychotic	B-Disease
syndromes	I-Disease
belonging	I-Disease
predominantly	I-Disease
to	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
schizophrenia	I-Disease
group	I-Disease
.	O

Certain	O
clues	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
action	O
,	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
indicative	O
of	O
the	O
superiority	O
of	O
bromperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

No	O
differences	O
were	O
observed	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
side	O
effects	O
and	O
general	O
tolerability	O
.	O

Prolonged	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
after	O
troleandomycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
patient	O
in	O
whom	O
troleandomycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
was	O
followed	O
by	O
prolonged	O
anicteric	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
.	O

Jaundice	B-Disease
occurred	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
troleandomycin	B-Chemical
for	O
7	O
days	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
hypereosinophilia	B-Disease
.	O

Jaundice	B-Disease
disappeared	O
within	O
3	O
months	O
but	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
prolonged	O
anicteric	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
marked	O
by	O
pruritus	B-Disease
and	O
high	O
levels	O
of	O
alkaline	O
phosphatase	O
and	O
gammaglutamyltransferase	O
activities	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
pruritus	B-Disease
disappeared	O
within	O
19	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
liver	O
tests	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
27	O
months	O
after	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
observation	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
prolonged	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
can	O
follow	O
troleandomycin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

Serial	O
studies	O
of	O
auditory	B-Disease
neurotoxicity	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Visual	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
auditory	I-Disease
neurotoxicity	I-Disease
was	O
previously	O
documented	O
in	O
42	O
of	O
89	O
patients	O
with	O
transfusion	O
-	O
dependent	O
anemia	B-Disease
who	O
were	O
receiving	O
iron	B-Chemical
chelation	O
therapy	O
with	O
daily	O
subcutaneous	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
two	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
affected	O
group	O
had	O
abnormal	B-Disease
audiograms	I-Disease
with	I-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
mostly	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
high	I-Disease
frequency	I-Disease
range	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
4	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
000	I-Disease
to	I-Disease
8	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
000	I-Disease
Hz	I-Disease
and	O
in	O
the	O
hearing	O
threshold	O
levels	O
of	O
30	O
to	O
100	O
decibels	O
.	O

When	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
serial	O
studies	O
were	O
performed	O
,	O
audiograms	O
in	O
seven	O
cases	O
reverted	O
to	O
normal	O
or	O
near	O
normal	O
within	O
two	O
to	O
three	O
weeks	O
,	O
and	O
nine	O
of	O
13	O
patients	O
with	O
symptoms	O
became	O
asymptomatic	O
.	O

Audiograms	O
from	O
15	O
patients	O
remained	O
abnormal	O
and	O
four	O
patients	O
required	O
hearing	O
aids	O
because	O
of	O
permanent	B-Disease
disability	I-Disease
.	O

Since	O
18	O
of	O
the	O
22	O
patients	O
were	O
initially	O
receiving	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
doses	O
in	O
excess	O
of	O
the	O
commonly	O
recommended	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
dose	O
,	O
therapy	O
was	O
restarted	O
with	O
lower	O
doses	O
,	O
usually	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
dose	O
or	O
less	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
auditory	B-Disease
abnormality	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
with	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
no	O
further	O
toxicity	B-Disease
was	O
demonstrated	O
.	O

Auditory	O
deterioration	O
and	O
improvement	O
,	O
demonstrated	O
serially	O
in	O
individual	O
patients	O
receiving	O
and	O
not	O
receiving	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
provided	O
convincing	O
evidence	O
for	O
a	O
cause	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
effect	O
relation	O
between	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
administration	O
and	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Based	O
on	O
these	O
data	O
,	O
a	O
plan	O
of	O
management	O
was	O
developed	O
that	O
allows	O
effective	O
yet	O
safe	O
administration	O
of	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
is	O
recommended	O
in	O
those	O
without	O
audiogram	O
abnormalities	O
.	O

With	O
mild	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
reduction	O
to	O
30	O
or	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
dose	O
should	O
result	O
in	O
a	O
reversal	O
of	O
the	O
abnormal	O
results	O
to	O
normal	O
within	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

Moderate	O
abnormalities	O
require	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
deferoxamine	B-Chemical
to	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
dose	O
with	O
careful	O
monitoring	O
.	O

In	O
those	O
with	O
symptoms	O
of	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
drug	O
should	O
be	O
stopped	O
for	O
four	O
weeks	O
,	O
and	O
when	O
the	O
audiogram	O
is	O
stable	O
or	O
improved	O
,	O
therapy	O
should	O
be	O
restarted	O
at	O
10	O
to	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
dose	O
.	O

Serial	O
audiograms	O
should	O
be	O
performed	O
every	O
six	O
months	O
in	O
those	O
without	O
problems	O
and	O
more	O
frequently	O
in	O
young	O
patients	O
with	O
normal	O
serum	O
ferritin	O
values	O
and	O
in	O
those	O
with	O
auditory	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

Lidocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
asystole	I-Disease
.	O

Intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
50	O
-	O
mg	O
bolus	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
67	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
resulted	O
in	O
profound	O
depression	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
the	O
sinoatrial	O
and	O
atrioventricular	O
nodal	O
pacemakers	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
had	O
no	O
apparent	O
associated	O
conditions	O
which	O
might	O
have	O
predisposed	O
him	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
bradyarrhythmias	B-Disease
;	O
and	O
,	O
thus	O
,	O
this	O
probably	O
represented	O
a	O
true	O
idiosyncrasy	O
to	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Flurbiprofen	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
juvenile	B-Disease
rheumatoid	I-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
four	O
patients	O
with	O
juvenile	B-Disease
rheumatoid	I-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
,	O
who	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
flurbiprofen	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
maximum	O
dose	O
of	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
had	O
statistically	O
significant	O
decreases	O
from	O
baseline	O
in	O
6	O
arthritis	B-Disease
indices	O
after	O
12	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Improvements	O
were	O
seen	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
tender	B-Disease
joints	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
swelling	B-Disease
and	O
tenderness	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
walk	O
50	O
feet	O
,	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
morning	B-Disease
stiffness	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
circumference	O
of	O
the	O
left	O
knee	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
frequently	O
observed	O
side	O
effect	O
was	O
fecal	B-Disease
occult	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
(	O
25	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
)	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
other	O
evidence	O
of	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
(	I-Disease
GI	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
bleeding	I-Disease
in	O
these	O
patients	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
was	O
prematurely	O
discontinued	O
from	O
the	O
study	O
for	O
severe	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Most	O
side	O
effects	O
were	O
mild	O
and	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
GI	O
tract	O
.	O

Hyperkalemia	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Hyperkalemia	B-Disease
has	O
recently	O
been	O
recognized	O
as	O
a	O
complication	O
of	O
nonsteroidal	O
antiinflammatory	O
agents	O
(	O
NSAID	O
)	O
such	O
as	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
.	O

Several	O
recent	O
studies	O
have	O
stressed	O
the	O
renal	O
sparing	O
features	O
of	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
,	O
owing	O
to	O
its	O
lack	O
of	O
interference	O
with	O
renal	O
prostacyclin	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
4	O
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
ranging	O
from	O
6	O
.	O
1	O
to	O
6	O
.	O
9	O
mEq	O
/	O
l	O
developed	O
within	O
3	O
to	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
normal	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
levels	O
reached	O
within	O
2	O
to	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
stopping	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
.	O

As	O
no	O
other	O
medications	O
known	O
to	O
effect	O
serum	O
potassium	B-Chemical
had	O
been	O
given	O
concomitantly	O
,	O
this	O
course	O
of	O
events	O
is	O
suggestive	O
of	O
a	O
cause	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
effect	O
relationship	O
between	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
and	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
observations	O
indicate	O
that	O
initial	O
hopes	O
that	O
sulindac	B-Chemical
may	O
not	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
adverse	O
renal	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
NSAID	O
are	O
probably	O
not	O
justified	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
induced	O
arterial	O
spasm	B-Disease
relieved	O
by	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Case	O
report	O
.	O

Following	O
major	O
intracranial	O
surgery	O
in	O
a	O
35	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
,	O
sodium	B-Chemical
pentothal	I-Chemical
was	O
intravenously	O
infused	O
to	O
minimize	O
cerebral	B-Disease
ischaemia	I-Disease
.	O

Intense	O
vasospasm	B-Disease
with	O
threatened	O
gangrene	B-Disease
arose	O
in	O
the	O
arm	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
infusion	O
.	O

Since	O
the	O
cranial	O
condition	O
precluded	O
use	O
of	O
more	O
usual	O
methods	O
,	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
intra	O
-	O
arterially	O
,	O
with	O
careful	O
cardiovascular	O
monitoring	O
,	O
to	O
counteract	O
the	O
vasospasm	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
treatment	O
was	O
rapidly	O
successful	O
.	O

Regional	O
localization	O
of	O
the	O
antagonism	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
by	O
intracerebral	O
calcitonin	B-Chemical
injections	O
.	O

Calcitonin	B-Chemical
receptors	O
are	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
,	O
and	O
intracerebral	O
infusions	O
of	O
calcitonin	B-Chemical
can	O
produce	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
.	O

Among	O
these	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
are	O
decreases	O
in	O
food	O
intake	O
and	O
decreases	O
in	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

In	O
previous	O
experiments	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
decreases	O
in	O
food	O
intake	O
were	O
induced	O
by	O
local	O
administration	O
of	O
calcitonin	B-Chemical
into	O
several	O
hypothalamic	O
sites	O
and	O
into	O
the	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
experiment	O
calcitonin	B-Chemical
decreased	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
when	O
locally	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
same	O
sites	O
where	O
it	O
decreases	O
food	O
intake	O
.	O

The	O
areas	O
where	O
calcitonin	B-Chemical
is	O
most	O
effective	O
in	O
decreasing	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
are	O
located	O
in	O
the	O
hypothalamus	O
and	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
these	O
areas	O
are	O
the	O
major	O
sites	O
of	O
action	O
of	O
calcitonin	B-Chemical
in	O
inhibiting	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

The	O
hematologic	O
effects	O
of	O
cefonicid	B-Chemical
and	O
cefazedone	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
dog	O
:	O
a	O
potential	O
model	O
of	O
cephalosporin	B-Chemical
hematotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
man	O
.	O

Cephalosporin	B-Chemical
antibiotics	O
cause	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
hematologic	B-Disease
disturbances	I-Disease
in	O
man	O
,	O
the	O
pathogeneses	O
and	O
hematopathology	O
of	O
which	O
remain	O
poorly	O
characterized	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
need	O
for	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
defined	O
animal	O
model	O
in	O
which	O
these	O
blood	B-Disease
dyscrasias	I-Disease
can	O
be	O
studied	O
.	O

In	O
four	O
subacute	O
toxicity	B-Disease
studies	O
,	O
the	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
cefonicid	B-Chemical
or	O
cefazedone	B-Chemical
to	O
beagle	O
dogs	O
caused	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
incidence	O
of	O
anemia	B-Disease
,	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
after	O
1	O
-	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

A	O
nonregenerative	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
most	O
compromising	O
of	O
the	O
cytopenias	B-Disease
and	O
occurred	O
in	O
approximately	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
dogs	O
receiving	O
400	O
-	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
cefonicid	B-Chemical
or	O
540	O
-	O
840	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
cefazedone	B-Chemical
.	O

All	O
three	O
cytopenias	B-Disease
were	O
completely	O
reversible	O
following	O
cessation	O
of	O
treatment	O
;	O
the	O
time	O
required	O
for	O
recovery	O
of	O
the	O
erythron	O
(	O
approximately	O
1	O
month	O
)	O
was	O
considerably	O
longer	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
granulocytes	O
and	O
platelets	O
(	O
hours	O
to	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
)	O
.	O

Upon	O
rechallenge	O
with	O
either	O
cephalosporin	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
hematologic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
was	O
reproduced	O
in	O
most	O
dogs	O
tested	O
;	O
cefonicid	B-Chemical
(	O
but	O
not	O
cefazedone	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
treated	O
dogs	O
showed	O
a	O
substantially	O
reduced	O
induction	O
period	O
(	O
15	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
days	O
)	O
compared	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
(	O
61	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
24	O
days	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
rapid	O
rate	O
of	O
decline	O
in	O
red	O
cell	O
mass	O
parameters	O
of	O
affected	O
dogs	O
,	O
suggests	O
that	O
a	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
component	O
complicated	O
the	O
red	O
cell	O
production	O
problem	O
and	O
that	O
multiple	O
toxicologic	O
mechanisms	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
cytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
cefonicid	B-Chemical
or	O
cefazedone	B-Chemical
to	O
dogs	O
can	O
induce	O
hematotoxicity	B-Disease
similar	O
to	O
the	O
cephalosporin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
blood	B-Disease
dyscrasias	I-Disease
described	O
in	O
man	O
and	O
thus	O
provides	O
a	O
useful	O
model	O
for	O
studying	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
these	O
disorders	O
.	O

Cerebral	O
blood	O
flow	O
and	O
metabolism	O
during	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
subjected	O
to	O
surgery	O
for	O
cerebral	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
.	O

Cerebral	O
blood	O
flow	O
and	O
cerebral	O
metabolic	O
rate	O
for	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
were	O
measured	O
during	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
10	O
patients	O
subjected	O
to	O
craniotomy	O
for	O
clipping	O
of	O
a	O
cerebral	B-Disease
aneurysm	I-Disease
.	O

Flow	O
and	O
metabolism	O
were	O
measured	O
5	O
-	O
13	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
haemorrhage	I-Disease
by	O
a	O
modification	O
of	O
the	O
classical	O
Kety	O
-	O
Schmidt	O
technique	O
using	O
xenon	B-Chemical
-	O
133	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
Anaesthesia	O
was	O
maintained	O
with	O
an	O
inspired	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
concentration	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
%	O
(	O
plus	O
67	O
%	O
nitrous	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
in	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
during	O
which	O
CBF	O
and	O
CMRO2	O
were	O
34	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
ml	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
32	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
16	O
ml	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
at	O
PaCO2	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
kPa	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SEM	O
)	O
.	O

Controlled	O
hypotension	B-Disease
to	O
an	O
average	O
MAP	O
of	O
50	O
-	O
55	O
mm	O
Hg	B-Chemical
was	O
induced	O
by	O
increasing	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
maintained	O
at	O
an	O
inspired	O
concentration	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
.	O

This	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
in	O
CMRO2	O
(	O
to	O
1	O
.	O
73	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
16	O
ml	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
CBF	O
was	O
unchanged	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
clipping	O
of	O
the	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
the	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
concentration	O
was	O
reduced	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
%	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
CBF	O
,	O
although	O
CMRO2	O
was	O
unchanged	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
pre	O
-	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
values	O
.	O

These	O
changes	O
might	O
offer	O
protection	O
to	O
brain	O
tissue	O
during	O
periods	O
of	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Triazolam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
secondary	O
mania	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
depressed	B-Disease
patient	O
.	O

Large	O
doses	O
of	O
triazolam	B-Chemical
repeatedly	O
induced	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
mania	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
depressed	B-Disease
elderly	O
woman	O
.	O

Features	O
of	O
organic	B-Disease
mental	I-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
delirium	B-Disease
)	O
were	O
not	O
present	O
.	O

Manic	B-Disease
excitement	O
was	O
coincident	O
with	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
of	O
triazolam	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
possible	O
contribution	O
of	O
the	O
triazolo	B-Chemical
group	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
affective	O
status	O
is	O
discussed	O
.	O

The	O
correlation	O
between	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
esterase	O
inhibition	O
and	O
mipafox	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
correlation	O
between	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
esterase	O
or	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
target	O
enzyme	O
(	O
NTE	O
)	O
was	O
examined	O
in	O
rats	O
acutely	O
exposed	O
to	O
Mipafox	B-Chemical
(	O
N	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
'	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diisopropylphosphorodiamidofluoridate	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
organophosphate	B-Chemical
.	O

Brain	O
and	O
spinal	O
cord	O
NTE	O
activities	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
Long	O
-	O
Evans	O
male	O
rats	O
1	O
hr	O
post	O
-	O
exposure	O
to	O
various	O
dosages	O
of	O
Mipafox	B-Chemical
(	O
ip	O
,	O
1	O
-	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
were	O
correlated	O
with	O
histologically	O
scored	O
cervical	O
cord	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
separate	O
group	O
of	O
similarly	O
dosed	O
rats	O
sampled	O
14	O
-	O
21	O
days	O
post	O
-	O
exposure	O
.	O

Those	O
dosages	O
(	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
that	O
inhibited	O
mean	O
NTE	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
spinal	O
cord	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
73	O
%	O
and	O
brain	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
67	O
%	O
of	O
control	O
values	O
produced	O
severe	O
(	O
greater	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
3	O
)	O
cervical	O
cord	O
pathology	O
in	O
85	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
dosages	O
of	O
Mipafox	B-Chemical
(	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
which	O
inhibited	O
mean	O
NTE	O
activity	O
in	O
spinal	O
cord	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
61	O
%	O
and	O
brain	O
less	O
than	O
or	O
equal	O
to	O
60	O
%	O
produced	O
this	O
degree	O
of	O
cord	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
only	O
9	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
a	O
critical	O
percentage	O
of	O
NTE	O
inhibition	O
in	O
brain	O
and	O
spinal	O
cord	O
sampled	O
shortly	O
after	O
Mipafox	B-Chemical
exposure	O
can	O
predict	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
several	O
weeks	O
later	O
.	O

Allergic	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
to	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

An	O
allergic	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
consisting	O
of	O
angioneurotic	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
occurred	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
recurrent	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
oral	I-Disease
cavity	I-Disease
,	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
impaired	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
reaction	O
occurred	O
during	O
the	O
sixth	O
and	O
seventh	O
courses	O
of	O
infusional	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Oral	O
diphenhydramine	B-Chemical
and	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
were	O
ineffective	O
in	O
preventing	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
the	O
allergic	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
.	O

Discontinuance	O
of	O
effective	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
this	O
patient	O
during	O
partial	O
remission	O
resulted	O
in	O
fatal	O
disease	O
progression	O
.	O

Myasthenia	B-Disease
gravis	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
penicillamine	B-Chemical
and	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
have	O
described	O
a	O
unique	O
patient	O
who	O
had	O
reversible	O
and	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
myasthenia	B-Disease
gravis	I-Disease
after	O
penicillamine	B-Chemical
and	O
chloroquine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

Although	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
receptor	O
antibodies	O
were	O
not	O
detectable	O
,	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
was	O
consistent	O
with	O
an	O
autoimmune	O
process	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
tolerance	O
to	O
the	O
muscular	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
produced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
tolerance	O
to	O
the	O
muscular	B-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
produced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
was	O
studied	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Saline	O
-	O
pretreated	O
controls	O
given	O
a	O
test	O
dose	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
showed	O
a	O
pronounced	O
rigidity	B-Disease
recorded	O
as	O
tonic	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
electromyogram	O
.	O

Rats	O
treated	O
for	O
11	O
days	O
with	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
withdrawn	O
for	O
36	O
-	O
40	O
h	O
showed	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
tolerance	O
:	O
about	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
showed	O
a	O
rigidity	B-Disease
after	O
the	O
test	O
dose	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
that	O
was	O
not	O
significantly	O
less	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
controls	O
and	O
were	O
akinetic	B-Disease
(	O
A	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
rats	O
showed	O
a	O
strong	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
rigidity	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
stereotyped	O
(	O
S	O
)	O
licking	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
gnawing	O
in	O
presence	O
of	O
akinetic	B-Disease
or	O
hyperkinetic	B-Disease
(	O
K	O
)	O
behaviour	O
(	O
AS	O
/	O
KS	O
group	O
)	O
,	O
suggesting	O
signs	O
of	O
dopaminergic	O
activation	O
.	O

The	O
rigidity	B-Disease
was	O
considerably	O
decreased	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
after	O
20	O
days	O
'	O
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
further	O
series	O
of	O
experiments	O
,	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
used	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
block	O
the	O
dopaminergic	O
activation	O
and	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
real	O
degree	O
of	O
the	O
tolerance	O
to	O
the	O
rigidity	B-Disease
without	O
any	O
dopaminergic	O
interference	O
.	O

Haloperidol	B-Chemical
enhanced	O
the	O
rigidity	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
A	O
group	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
AS	O
/	O
KS	O
group	O
remained	O
considerably	O
lower	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
A	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
rigidity	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
assumed	O
to	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
action	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
antagonized	O
by	O
another	O
process	O
leading	O
to	O
dopaminergic	O
activation	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
.	O

Nevertheless	O
,	O
there	O
occurs	O
some	O
real	O
tolerance	O
to	O
this	O
effect	O
.	O

The	O
rapid	O
alternations	O
of	O
rigidity	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
signs	O
of	O
dopaminergic	O
activation	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
animals	O
of	O
the	O
AS	O
/	O
KS	O
group	O
might	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
rapid	O
shifts	O
in	O
the	O
predominance	O
of	O
various	O
DA	O
-	O
innervated	O
structures	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
massive	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
following	O
molindone	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
potentially	O
lethal	O
syndrome	O
that	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
patients	O
seem	O
predisposed	O
to	O
develop	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
,	O
typical	O
laboratory	O
features	O
,	O
and	O
complications	O
of	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
are	O
presented	O
.	O

The	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
patient	O
is	O
reported	O
to	O
illustrate	O
massive	O
rhabdomyolysis	B-Disease
and	O
subsequent	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
following	O
molindone	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Physicians	O
who	O
prescribe	O
molindone	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
reaction	O
.	O

Compression	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
radial	I-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
pentazocine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
fibrous	B-Disease
myopathy	I-Disease
.	O

Fibrous	B-Disease
myopathy	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
common	O
,	O
well	O
-	O
known	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
repeated	O
pentazocine	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
compression	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
fibrotic	O
muscle	O
affected	O
by	O
pentazocine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myopathy	B-Disease
has	O
not	O
previously	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
37	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
documented	O
pentazocine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
fibrous	B-Disease
myopathy	I-Disease
of	O
triceps	O
and	O
deltoid	O
muscles	O
bilaterally	O
and	O
a	O
three	O
-	O
week	O
history	O
of	O
right	O
wrist	O
drop	O
,	O
electrodiagnostic	O
examination	O
showed	O
a	O
severe	O
but	O
partial	O
lesion	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
radial	O
nerve	O
distal	O
to	O
the	O
branches	O
to	O
the	O
triceps	O
,	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
fibrous	B-Disease
myopathy	I-Disease
.	O

Surgery	O
revealed	O
the	O
right	O
radial	O
nerve	O
to	O
be	O
severely	O
compressed	O
by	O
the	O
densely	O
fibrotic	O
lateral	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
triceps	O
.	O

Decompression	O
and	O
neurolysis	O
were	O
performed	O
with	O
good	O
subsequent	O
recovery	O
of	O
function	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
reversible	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
from	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
patient	O
with	O
cryptogenic	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
and	O
disseminated	O
sporotrichosis	B-Disease
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
immediately	O
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
B	I-Chemical
on	O
four	O
separate	O
occasions	O
.	O

The	O
abruptness	O
of	O
the	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
its	O
reversibility	O
within	O
days	O
suggests	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
functional	O
component	O
to	O
the	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
propose	O
that	O
amphotericin	B-Chemical
,	O
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
reduced	O
effective	O
arterial	O
volume	O
,	O
may	O
activate	O
tubuloglomerular	O
feedback	O
,	O
thereby	O
contributing	O
to	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Cerebral	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
with	O
a	O
single	O
oral	O
dose	O
of	O
phenylpropanolamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Phenylpropanolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
PPA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
synthetic	O
sympathomimetic	O
that	O
is	O
structurally	O
similar	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
,	O
is	O
available	O
over	O
the	O
counter	O
in	O
anorectics	O
,	O
nasal	O
congestants	O
,	O
and	O
cold	O
preparations	O
.	O

Its	O
prolonged	O
use	O
or	O
overuse	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
neuropsychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
nonhemorrhagic	O
cerebral	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
young	O
woman	O
who	O
suffered	O
a	O
cerebral	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
after	O
taking	O
a	O
single	O
oral	O
dose	O
of	O
PPA	B-Chemical
.	O

Remission	O
induction	O
of	O
meningeal	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
.	O

Twenty	O
children	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
meningeal	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
regimen	O
that	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
achieve	O
and	O
maintain	O
CSF	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
of	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
mol	O
/	O
L	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
concomitant	O
intrathecal	O
dosing	O
.	O

The	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
as	O
a	O
loading	O
dose	O
of	O
6	O
,	O
000	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
one	O
hour	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
infusion	O
of	O
1	O
,	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
h	O
for	O
23	O
hours	O
.	O

Leucovorin	B-Chemical
rescue	O
was	O
initiated	O
12	O
hours	O
after	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
infusion	O
with	O
a	O
loading	O
dose	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
followed	O
by	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
every	O
three	O
hours	O
for	O
six	O
doses	O
and	O
then	O
every	O
six	O
hours	O
until	O
the	O
plasma	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
level	O
decreased	O
to	O
less	O
than	O
1	O
X	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
7	O
)	O
mol	O
/	O
L	O
.	O

The	O
mean	O
steady	O
-	O
state	O
plasma	O
and	O
CSF	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
achieved	O
were	O
1	O
.	O
1	O
X	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
mol	O
/	O
L	O
and	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
X	O
10	O
(	O
-	O
5	O
)	O
mol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

All	O
20	O
patients	O
responded	O
to	O
this	O
regimen	O
,	O
16	O
/	O
20	O
(	O
80	O
%	O
)	O
achieved	O
a	O
complete	O
remission	O
,	O
and	O
20	O
%	O
obtained	O
a	O
partial	O
remission	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
toxicities	B-Disease
encountered	O
were	O
transient	O
serum	O
transaminase	O
and	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
elevations	O
,	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
mucositis	B-Disease
.	O

One	O
patient	O
had	O
focal	O
seizures	B-Disease
and	O
transient	B-Disease
hemiparesis	I-Disease
but	O
recovered	O
completely	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
intravenous	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
effective	O
treatment	O
for	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
remission	O
after	O
meningeal	O
relapse	O
in	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
.	O

Interaction	O
of	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
with	O
antineoplastic	O
agents	O
.	O

A	O
synergistic	O
effect	O
of	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
and	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
was	O
observed	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
T	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
lymphocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
in	O
relapse	O
.	O

The	O
concomitant	O
administration	O
of	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
and	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
eradication	O
of	O
hitherto	O
refractory	O
leukemic	B-Disease
infiltration	I-Disease
of	O
bone	O
marrow	O
.	O

Severe	O
side	O
effects	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
mental	O
confusion	B-Disease
and	O
progressive	O
hyperbilirubinemia	B-Disease
,	O
however	O
,	O
point	O
to	O
an	O
enhancement	O
not	O
only	O
of	O
antineoplastic	O
effects	O
but	O
also	O
of	O
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
normal	O
tissues	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
demonstrates	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
that	O
the	O
pharmacodynamic	O
properties	O
of	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
may	O
not	O
be	O
confined	O
strictly	O
to	O
suppression	O
of	O
normal	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
functions	O
.	O

Incidence	O
of	O
neoplasms	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
exposed	O
to	O
different	O
treatment	O
regimens	O
.	O

Immunosuppressive	O
drugs	O
have	O
been	O
used	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
30	O
years	O
in	O
treatment	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
drugs	O
commonly	O
used	O
are	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
and	O
chlorambucil	B-Chemical
(	O
alkylating	B-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
(	O
purine	B-Chemical
analogue	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
(	O
folic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
analogue	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
evidence	O
that	O
all	O
four	O
immunosuppressive	O
drugs	O
can	O
reduce	O
synovitis	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
disease	O
activity	O
almost	O
always	O
recurs	O
after	O
therapy	O
is	O
stopped	O
.	O

Since	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
are	O
frequent	O
,	O
less	O
than	O
50	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
continue	O
a	O
particular	O
drug	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
year	O
.	O

Since	O
it	O
takes	O
three	O
to	O
12	O
months	O
to	O
achieve	O
maximal	O
effects	O
,	O
those	O
patients	O
who	O
are	O
unable	O
to	O
continue	O
the	O
drug	O
receive	O
little	O
benefit	O
from	O
it	O
.	O

Patients	O
treated	O
with	O
alkylating	B-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
have	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
development	O
of	O
acute	B-Disease
nonlymphocytic	I-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
both	O
alkylating	B-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
and	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
are	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
non	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Hodgkin	I-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

Cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
increases	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
.	O

There	O
have	O
been	O
several	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
studies	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
common	O
cancers	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
increased	O
.	O

Data	O
on	O
the	O
possible	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
malignancy	B-Disease
in	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
are	O
still	O
being	O
collected	O
,	O
and	O
until	O
further	O
information	O
is	O
available	O
,	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
immunosuppressive	O
drugs	O
,	O
particularly	O
alkylating	B-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
,	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
should	O
be	O
reserved	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
progressive	O
disease	O
or	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
complications	O
.	O

Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
iliopsoas	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
with	O
subsequent	O
femoral	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
present	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
28	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
on	O
chronic	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
who	O
sustained	O
a	O
minor	O
muscle	B-Disease
tear	I-Disease
and	O
developed	O
increasing	O
pain	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
flexure	O
contracture	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
right	O
hip	O
.	O

Surgical	O
exploration	O
revealed	O
an	O
iliopsoas	O
hematoma	B-Disease
and	O
femoral	O
nerve	B-Disease
entrapment	I-Disease
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
femoral	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
and	O
partial	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
quadriceps	I-Disease
functions	I-Disease
.	O

Anticoagulant	O
-	O
induced	O
femoral	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
palsy	I-Disease
represents	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
form	O
of	O
warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
;	O
it	O
is	O
characterized	O
by	O
severe	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
inguinal	O
region	O
,	O
varying	O
degrees	O
of	O
motor	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
sensory	I-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
flexure	O
contracture	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
involved	O
extremity	O
.	O

Pneumonitis	O
with	O
pleural	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
pericardial	I-Disease
effusion	I-Disease
and	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
during	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
patient	O
with	O
sinuatrial	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
implanted	O
pacemaker	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
(	O
maximum	O
dose	O
1000	O
mg	O
,	O
maintenance	O
dose	O
800	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
for	O
10	O
months	O
,	O
for	O
control	O
of	O
supraventricular	B-Disease
tachyarrhythmias	I-Disease
.	O

He	O
developed	O
pneumonitis	B-Disease
,	O
pleural	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
pericardial	I-Disease
effusions	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
a	O
predominantly	O
proximal	B-Disease
motor	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Immediate	O
but	O
gradual	O
improvement	O
followed	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
and	O
treatment	O
with	O
prednisolone	B-Chemical
.	O

Review	O
of	O
this	O
and	O
previously	O
reported	O
cases	O
indicates	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
early	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
pneumonitis	B-Disease
,	O
immediate	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
prompt	O
but	O
continued	O
steroid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
to	O
ensure	O
full	O
recovery	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sinoatrial	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
observed	O
sinoatrial	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
chronic	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
with	O
primary	B-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
,	O
Wolff	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Parkinson	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
White	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
supraventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

Reduction	O
in	O
the	O
dosage	O
of	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
disappearance	O
of	O
the	O
sinoatrial	B-Disease
block	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
persistence	O
of	O
asymptomatic	O
sinus	B-Disease
bradycardia	I-Disease
.	O

Desipramine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
delirium	B-Disease
at	O
"	O
subtherapeutic	O
"	O
concentrations	O
:	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

An	O
elderly	O
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
low	O
dose	O
Desipramine	B-Chemical
developed	O
a	O
delirium	B-Disease
while	O
her	O
plasma	O
level	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
subtherapeutic	O
"	O
range	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
induced	O
by	O
tricyclic	O
drug	O
therapy	O
in	O
the	O
elderly	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
tricyclics	O
with	O
low	O
anticholinergic	O
potency	O
.	O

Therapeutic	O
ranges	O
for	O
antidepressants	B-Chemical
that	O
have	O
been	O
derived	O
from	O
general	O
adult	O
population	O
studies	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
appropriate	O
for	O
the	O
elderly	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
of	O
specifically	O
elderly	O
patients	O
are	O
now	O
required	O
to	O
establish	O
safer	O
and	O
more	O
appropriate	O
guidelines	O
for	O
drug	O
therapy	O
.	O

Indomethacin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
:	O
recurrence	O
on	O
rechallenge	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
reported	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
acute	O
oliguric	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
with	O
hyperkalemia	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
,	O
ascites	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
cor	B-Disease
pulmonale	I-Disease
after	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Prompt	O
restoration	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
followed	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
,	O
while	O
re	O
-	O
exposure	O
to	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
indomethacin	B-Chemical
caused	O
recurrence	O
of	O
acute	O
reversible	O
oliguria	B-Disease
.	O

Our	O
case	O
supports	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
endogenous	O
renal	O
prostaglandins	B-Chemical
play	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
maintenance	O
of	O
renal	O
blood	O
flow	O
when	O
circulating	O
plasma	O
volume	O
is	O
diminished	O
.	O

Since	O
nonsteroidal	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
agents	O
interfere	O
with	O
this	O
compensatory	O
mechanism	O
and	O
may	O
cause	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
they	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
caution	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

Patterns	O
of	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
.	O

Twelve	O
patients	O
with	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
were	O
seen	O
between	O
1967	O
and	O
1977	O
.	O

Illness	O
occurred	O
within	O
1	O
-	O
-	O
9	O
weeks	O
of	O
commencement	O
of	O
therapy	O
in	O
9	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
remaining	O
3	O
patients	O
having	O
received	O
the	O
drug	O
for	O
13	O
months	O
,	O
15	O
months	O
and	O
7	O
years	O
before	O
experiencing	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Jaundice	B-Disease
with	O
tender	O
hepatomegaly	B-Disease
,	O
usually	O
preceded	O
by	O
symptoms	O
of	O
malaise	O
,	O
anorexia	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
associated	O
with	O
upper	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
was	O
an	O
invariable	O
finding	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

Biochemical	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
indicated	O
hepatocellular	O
necrosis	B-Disease
and	O
correlated	O
with	O
histopathological	O
evidence	O
of	O
hepatic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
spectrum	O
of	O
which	O
ranged	O
from	O
fatty	B-Disease
change	I-Disease
and	O
focal	O
hepatocellular	O
necrosis	B-Disease
to	O
massive	B-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

Most	O
patients	O
showed	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
acute	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
or	O
chronic	B-Disease
active	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
with	O
associated	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
drug	O
was	O
withdrawn	O
on	O
presentation	O
to	O
hospital	O
in	O
11	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
rapid	O
clinical	O
improvement	O
in	O
9	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
died	O
,	O
having	O
presented	O
in	O
hepatic	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
another	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
taking	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
for	O
7	O
years	O
,	O
showed	O
slower	O
clinical	O
and	O
biochemical	O
resolution	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
several	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
patient	O
in	O
the	O
series	O
developed	O
fulminant	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
when	O
the	O
drug	O
was	O
accidentally	O
recommenced	O
1	O
year	O
after	O
a	O
prior	O
episode	O
of	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
latter	O
patient	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
2	O
others	O
,	O
the	O
causal	O
relationship	O
between	O
methyldopa	B-Chemical
and	O
hepatic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
was	O
proved	O
with	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
within	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
re	O
-	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Suxamethonium	B-Chemical
infusion	O
rate	O
and	O
observed	O
fasciculations	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
study	O
.	O

Suxamethonium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
(	O
Sch	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
administered	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
to	O
36	O
adult	O
males	O
at	O
six	O
rates	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
s	O
-	O
1	O
to	O
20	O
mg	O
s	O
-	O
1	O
.	O

The	O
infusion	O
was	O
discontinued	O
either	O
when	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
muscular	O
response	O
to	O
tetanic	B-Disease
stimulation	O
of	O
the	O
ulnar	O
nerve	O
or	O
when	O
Sch	B-Chemical
120	O
mg	O
was	O
exceeded	O
.	O

Six	O
additional	O
patients	O
received	O
a	O
30	O
-	O
mg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
bolus	O
dose	O
.	O

Fasciculations	B-Disease
in	O
six	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
body	O
were	O
scored	O
from	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
and	O
summated	O
as	O
a	O
total	O
fasciculation	B-Disease
score	O
.	O

The	O
times	O
to	O
first	O
fasciculation	B-Disease
,	O
twitch	B-Disease
suppression	O
and	O
tetanus	B-Disease
suppression	O
were	O
inversely	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
infusion	O
rates	O
.	O

Fasciculations	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
six	O
areas	O
and	O
the	O
total	O
fasciculation	B-Disease
score	O
were	O
related	O
directly	O
to	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
infusion	O
.	O

Total	O
fasciculation	B-Disease
scores	O
in	O
the	O
30	O
-	O
mg	O
bolus	O
group	O
and	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
mg	O
s	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
20	O
-	O
mg	O
s	O
-	O
1	O
infusion	O
groups	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
psoriasis	B-Disease
with	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
.	O

Azathioprine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
benefited	O
19	O
(	O
66	O
%	O
)	O
out	O
of	O
29	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
severe	O
psoriasis	B-Disease
.	O

Haematological	O
complications	O
were	O
not	O
troublesome	O
and	O
results	O
of	O
biochemical	O
liver	O
function	O
tests	O
remained	O
normal	O
.	O

Minimal	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
was	O
seen	O
in	O
two	O
cases	O
and	O
portal	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
of	O
a	O
reversible	O
degree	O
in	O
eight	O
.	O

Liver	O
biopsies	O
should	O
be	O
undertaken	O
at	O
regular	O
intervals	O
if	O
azathioprine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
is	O
continued	O
so	O
that	O
structural	O
liver	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
detected	O
at	O
an	O
early	O
and	O
reversible	O
stage	O
.	O

Angiosarcoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
diethylstilbestrol	B-Chemical
.	O

Angiosarcoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
a	O
76	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
treated	O
for	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
differentiated	O
adenocarcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
with	O
diethylstilbestrol	B-Chemical
for	O
13	O
years	O
.	O

Angiosarcoma	B-Disease
was	O
also	O
present	O
within	O
pulmonary	O
and	O
renal	O
arteries	O
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
that	O
the	O
intraarterial	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
might	O
represent	O
independent	O
primary	O
tumors	B-Disease
is	O
considered	O
.	O

Galanthamine	B-Chemical
hydrobromide	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
longer	O
acting	O
anticholinesterase	O
drug	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
the	O
central	O
effects	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
Hyoscine	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Galanthamine	B-Chemical
hydrobromide	I-Chemical
,	O
an	O
anticholinesterase	O
drug	O
capable	O
of	O
penetrating	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
was	O
used	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
demonstrating	O
central	O
effects	O
of	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
hyoscine	B-Chemical
)	O
overdosage	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
longer	O
acting	O
than	O
physostigmine	B-Chemical
and	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
anaesthesia	O
to	O
reverse	O
the	O
non	O
-	O
depolarizing	O
neuromuscular	O
block	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
studies	O
into	O
the	O
dose	O
necessary	O
to	O
combating	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
are	O
indicated	O
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
the	O
subjective	O
effects	O
and	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
following	O
oral	O
and	O
i	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
administration	O
of	O
flunitrazepam	B-Chemical
in	O
volunteers	O
.	O

Flunitrazepam	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
or	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
was	O
given	O
by	O
the	O
oral	O
or	O
i	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
routes	O
to	O
groups	O
of	O
volunteers	O
and	O
its	O
effects	O
compared	O
.	O

Plasma	O
concentrations	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
were	O
estimated	O
by	O
gas	O
-	O
liquid	O
chromatography	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
smaller	O
number	O
of	O
the	O
subjects	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
striking	O
effect	O
was	O
sedation	O
which	O
increased	O
with	O
the	O
dose	O
,	O
2	O
mg	O
producing	O
deep	O
sleep	O
although	O
the	O
subjects	O
could	O
still	O
be	O
aroused	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
i	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
administration	O
were	O
apparent	O
earlier	O
and	O
sometimes	O
lasted	O
longer	O
than	O
those	O
following	O
oral	O
administration	O
.	O

Dizziness	B-Disease
was	O
less	O
marked	O
than	O
sedation	O
,	O
but	O
increased	O
with	O
the	O
dose	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
pain	B-Disease
on	O
i	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
flunitrazepam	B-Chemical
significantly	O
more	O
often	O
than	O
with	O
isotonic	O
saline	O
.	O

Plasma	O
concentrations	O
varied	O
with	O
dose	O
and	O
route	O
and	O
corresponded	O
qualitatively	O
with	O
the	O
subjective	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
drug	O
was	O
still	O
present	O
in	O
measurable	O
quantities	O
after	O
24	O
h	O
even	O
with	O
the	O
smallest	O
dose	O
.	O

Possible	O
teratogenicity	O
of	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
.	O

Three	O
infants	O
,	O
born	O
of	O
two	O
mothers	O
with	O
inflammatory	B-Disease
bowel	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
received	O
treatment	O
with	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
throughout	O
pregnancy	O
,	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
have	O
major	O
congenital	B-Disease
anomalies	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
singleton	O
pregnancy	O
,	O
the	O
mother	O
had	O
ulcerative	B-Disease
colitis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
infant	O
,	O
a	O
male	O
,	O
had	O
coarctation	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
aorta	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
ventricular	B-Disease
septal	I-Disease
defect	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
twin	O
pregnancy	O
,	O
the	O
mother	O
had	O
Crohn	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
first	O
twin	O
,	O
a	O
female	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
left	O
Potter	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
type	I-Disease
IIa	I-Disease
polycystic	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
rudimentary	B-Disease
left	I-Disease
uterine	I-Disease
cornu	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
second	O
twin	O
,	O
a	O
male	O
,	O
had	O
some	O
features	O
of	O
Potter	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
facies	I-Disease
,	O
hypoplastic	B-Disease
lungs	I-Disease
,	O
absent	B-Disease
kidneys	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
ureters	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
talipes	B-Disease
equinovarus	I-Disease
.	O

Despite	O
reports	O
to	O
the	O
contrary	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
teratogenic	O
.	O

Thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
antineoplastic	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
with	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
developed	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
(	O
characterized	O
by	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
,	O
microangiopathic	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
usually	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
bleomycin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
a	O
vinca	B-Chemical
alkaloid	I-Chemical
.	O

One	O
patient	O
had	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
thrombocytopenic	I-Disease
purpura	I-Disease
,	O
three	O
the	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
one	O
an	O
apparent	O
forme	O
fruste	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
disorders	O
.	O

Histologic	O
examination	O
of	O
the	O
renal	O
tissue	O
showed	O
evidence	O
of	O
intravascular	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
,	O
primarily	O
affecting	O
the	O
small	O
arteries	O
,	O
arterioles	O
,	O
and	O
glomeruli	O
.	O

Because	O
each	O
patient	O
was	O
tumor	B-Disease
-	O
free	O
or	O
had	O
only	O
a	O
small	O
tumor	B-Disease
at	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
this	O
syndrome	O
,	O
the	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
may	O
have	O
been	O
induced	O
by	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Diagnosis	O
of	O
this	O
potentially	O
fatal	O
complication	O
may	O
be	O
delayed	O
or	O
missed	O
if	O
renal	O
tissue	O
or	O
the	O
peripheral	O
blood	O
smear	O
is	O
not	O
examined	O
,	O
because	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
may	O
be	O
ascribed	O
to	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
anemia	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
to	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
suppression	I-Disease
.	O

International	O
mexiletine	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
antiarrhythmic	O
coronary	O
trial	O
:	O
I	O
.	O

Report	O
on	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
and	O
other	O
findings	O
.	O

Impact	O
Research	O
Group	O
.	O

The	O
antiarrhythmic	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
sustained	O
release	O
form	O
of	O
mexiletine	B-Chemical
(	O
Mexitil	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Perlongets	I-Chemical
)	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
placebo	O
trial	O
in	O
630	O
patients	O
with	O
recent	O
documented	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
primary	O
response	O
variable	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
central	O
reading	O
of	O
24	O
hour	O
ambulatory	O
electrocardiographic	O
recordings	O
and	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
30	O
or	O
more	O
single	O
premature	O
ventricular	O
complexes	O
in	O
any	O
two	O
consecutive	O
30	O
minute	O
blocks	O
or	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
runs	O
of	O
two	O
or	O
more	O
premature	O
ventricular	O
complexes	O
in	O
the	O
entire	O
24	O
hour	O
electrocardiographic	O
recording	O
.	O

Large	O
differences	O
,	O
regarded	O
as	O
statistically	O
significant	O
,	O
between	O
the	O
mexiletine	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
groups	O
were	O
noted	O
in	O
that	O
end	O
point	O
at	O
months	O
1	O
and	O
4	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
trends	O
were	O
observed	O
at	O
month	O
12	O
.	O

These	O
differences	O
were	O
observed	O
even	O
though	O
the	O
serum	O
mexiletine	B-Chemical
levels	O
obtained	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
were	O
generally	O
lower	O
than	O
those	O
observed	O
in	O
studies	O
that	O
have	O
used	O
the	O
regular	O
form	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
more	O
deaths	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
mexiletine	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
difference	O
was	O
not	O
statistically	O
significant	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
coronary	O
events	O
was	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

Previously	O
recognized	O
side	O
effects	O
,	O
particularly	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
problems	I-Disease
,	O
were	O
more	O
frequent	O
in	O
the	O
mexiletine	B-Chemical
group	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
heart	O
size	O
during	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
timolol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
after	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
timolol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
heart	O
size	O
after	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
by	O
X	O
-	O
ray	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
including	O
241	O
patients	O
(	O
placebo	O
126	O
,	O
timolol	B-Chemical
115	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
was	O
12	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
timolol	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
showed	O
a	O
small	O
but	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
size	O
from	O
baseline	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
.	O

These	O
differences	O
may	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
timolol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
a	O
compensatory	O
increase	O
in	O
end	O
-	O
diastolic	O
volume	O
.	O

The	O
timolol	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
size	O
was	O
observed	O
only	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
normal	O
and	O
borderline	O
heart	O
size	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
with	O
cardiomegaly	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
size	O
was	O
similar	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

After	O
re	O
-	O
infarction	B-Disease
,	O
heart	O
size	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
placebo	O
group	O
and	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
timolol	B-Chemical
group	O
.	O

Vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
dairy	O
cows	O
.	O

Large	O
parenteral	O
doses	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
(	O
15	O
to	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
x	O
10	O
(	O
6	O
)	O
IU	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
)	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
prolonged	O
hypercalcemia	B-Disease
,	O
hyperphosphatemia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
large	O
increases	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
and	O
its	O
metabolites	O
in	O
the	O
blood	O
plasma	O
of	O
nonlactating	O
nonpregnant	O
and	O
pregnant	O
Jersey	O
cows	O
.	O

Calcium	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
1	O
day	O
postpartum	O
were	O
higher	O
in	O
cows	O
treated	O
with	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
about	O
32	O
days	O
prepartum	O
(	O
8	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
100	O
ml	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
control	O
cows	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
100	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
cows	O
treated	O
with	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
showed	O
signs	O
of	O
milk	B-Disease
fever	I-Disease
during	O
the	O
peripartal	O
period	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
22	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
cows	O
developed	O
clinical	O
signs	O
of	O
milk	B-Disease
fever	I-Disease
during	O
this	O
period	O
.	O

Signs	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
were	O
not	O
observed	O
in	O
nonlactating	O
nonpregnant	O
cows	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
pregnant	O
cows	O
commonly	O
developed	O
severe	O
signs	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
10	O
of	O
17	O
cows	O
died	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
widespread	O
metastatic	O
calcification	O
in	O
the	O
cows	O
that	O
died	O
.	O

Because	O
of	O
the	O
extreme	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
in	O
pregnant	O
Jersey	O
cows	O
and	O
the	O
low	O
margin	O
of	O
safety	O
between	O
doses	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
that	O
prevent	O
milk	B-Disease
fever	I-Disease
and	O
doses	O
that	O
induce	O
milk	B-Disease
fever	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
concluded	O
that	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D3	I-Chemical
cannot	O
be	O
used	O
practically	O
to	O
prevent	O
milk	B-Disease
fever	I-Disease
when	O
injected	O
several	O
weeks	O
prepartum	O
.	O

Diseases	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
peripheral	I-Disease
nerves	I-Disease
as	O
seen	O
in	O
the	O
Nigerian	O
African	O
.	O

The	O
anatomical	O
and	O
aetiological	O
diagnoses	O
of	O
peripheral	B-Disease
nerve	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
excluding	O
its	O
primary	O
benign	O
and	O
malignant	O
disorders	O
,	O
as	O
seen	O
in	O
358	O
Nigerians	O
are	O
presented	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
male	O
preponderance	O
and	O
the	O
peak	O
incidence	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
fourth	O
decade	O
.	O

Sensori	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
motor	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
was	O
the	O
commonest	O
presentation	O
(	O
50	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Guillain	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Barr	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
was	O
the	O
commonest	O
identifiable	O
cause	O
(	O
15	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
with	O
motor	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
nutritional	B-Disease
deficiency	I-Disease
of	O
thiamine	B-Chemical
and	O
riboflavin	B-Chemical
was	O
common	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
presented	O
mainly	O
as	O
sensory	O
and	O
sensori	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
motor	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
was	O
the	O
major	O
cause	O
of	O
autonomic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Isoniazid	B-Chemical
was	O
the	O
most	O
frequent	O
agent	O
in	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Migraine	B-Disease
(	O
20	O
%	O
)	O
was	O
not	O
an	O
uncommon	O
cause	O
of	O
cranial	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
although	O
malignancies	B-Disease
arising	O
from	O
the	O
reticuloendothelial	O
system	O
or	O
related	O
structures	O
of	O
the	O
head	O
and	O
neck	O
were	O
more	O
frequent	O
(	O
26	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
26	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
cases	O
,	O
the	O
aetiology	O
of	O
the	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
was	O
undetermined	O
.	O

Heredofamilial	O
and	O
connective	B-Disease
tissue	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
were	O
rare	O
.	O

Some	O
of	O
the	O
factors	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
clinical	O
presentation	O
and	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
the	O
neuropathies	B-Disease
are	O
briefly	O
discussed	O
.	O

Reduction	O
in	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
by	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
patient	O
who	O
allegedly	O
consumed	O
100	O
tablets	O
of	O
an	O
over	O
-	O
the	O
-	O
counter	O
analgesic	O
containing	O
sodium	B-Chemical
acetylsalicylate	I-Chemical
,	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
displayed	O
no	O
significant	O
CNS	O
stimulation	O
despite	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
175	O
micrograms	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
per	O
mL	O
of	O
serum	O
.	O

Because	O
salicylates	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
augment	O
the	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
CNS	O
,	O
attention	O
was	O
focused	O
on	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
52	O
micrograms	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
reduced	O
the	O
CNS	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

Studies	O
in	O
DBA	O
/	O
2J	O
mice	O
showed	O
that	O
:	O
1	O
)	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
increased	O
the	O
interval	O
between	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
300	O
to	O
450	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
IP	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
fatal	O
convulsions	B-Disease
by	O
a	O
factor	O
of	O
about	O
two	O
;	O
and	O
2	O
)	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
reduced	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
audiogenic	O
seizures	B-Disease
produced	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
IP	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
frequency	O
of	O
sound	O
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
or	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
was	O
reduced	O
from	O
50	O
to	O
5	O
%	O
by	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
,	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
up	O
to	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
modify	O
the	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
maximal	O
electroshock	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
alter	O
the	O
convulsant	O
dose	O
of	O
pentylenetetrezol	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
(	O
tests	O
performed	O
by	O
the	O
Anticonvulsant	O
Screening	O
Project	O
of	O
NINCDS	O
)	O
.	O

Acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
up	O
to	O
150	O
micrograms	O
/	O
mL	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
retard	O
the	O
incorporation	O
of	O
radioactive	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
into	O
ATP	B-Chemical
in	O
slices	O
of	O
rat	O
cerebral	O
cortex	O
.	O

Thus	O
the	O
mechanism	O
by	O
which	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
antagonizes	O
the	O
actions	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
CNS	O
remains	O
unknown	O
.	O

A	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
safety	O
of	O
dothiepin	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
major	O
depressive	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
week	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
parallel	O
treatment	O
study	O
,	O
dothiepin	B-Chemical
and	O
amitriptyline	B-Chemical
were	O
compared	O
to	O
placebo	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
33	O
depressed	B-Disease
outpatients	O
.	O

Dothiepin	B-Chemical
and	O
amitriptyline	B-Chemical
were	O
equally	O
effective	O
in	O
alleviating	O
the	O
symptoms	O
of	O
depressive	B-Disease
illness	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
both	O
were	O
significantly	O
superior	O
to	O
placebo	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
incidence	O
of	O
side	O
effects	O
and	O
the	O
frequency	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
blurred	B-Disease
vision	I-Disease
,	O
dry	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
drowsiness	O
were	O
significantly	O
less	O
with	O
dothiepin	B-Chemical
than	O
with	O
amitriptyline	B-Chemical
.	O

Dothiepin	B-Chemical
also	O
produced	O
fewer	O
CNS	O
and	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
clinically	O
important	O
changes	O
in	O
laboratory	O
parameters	O
.	O

Dothiepin	B-Chemical
thus	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
drug	O
associated	O
with	O
fewer	O
side	O
effects	O
than	O
amitriptyline	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
depressed	B-Disease
outpatients	O
.	O

Behavioral	O
effects	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
panic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
and	O
agoraphobia	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
oral	O
doses	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
(	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
10	O
mg	O
and	O
a	O
median	O
dose	O
of	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
)	O
and	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
(	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
80	O
mg	O
and	O
a	O
median	O
dose	O
of	O
240	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
)	O
on	O
psychological	O
performance	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
panic	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
and	O
agoraphobia	B-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
in	O
a	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
randomized	O
and	O
crossover	O
design	O
.	O

Both	O
drugs	O
impaired	B-Disease
immediate	I-Disease
free	I-Disease
recall	I-Disease
but	O
the	O
decrease	O
was	O
greater	O
for	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
than	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
.	O

Delayed	B-Disease
free	I-Disease
recall	I-Disease
was	I-Disease
also	I-Disease
impaired	I-Disease
but	O
the	O
two	O
drugs	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
.	O

Patients	O
tapped	O
faster	O
after	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
than	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
they	O
were	O
more	O
sedated	O
after	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
than	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
.	O

After	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
patients	O
tested	O
5	O
-	O
8	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
dose	O
of	O
medication	O
did	O
not	O
show	O
any	O
decrement	O
of	O
performance	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
are	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
previously	O
found	O
in	O
healthy	O
subjects	O
.	O

Accumulation	O
of	O
drugs	O
was	O
not	O
reflected	O
in	O
prolonged	O
behavioral	B-Disease
impairment	I-Disease
.	O

Comparison	O
of	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
and	O
atropine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
prevention	O
of	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
following	O
repeated	O
doses	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
in	O
children	O
.	O

The	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
administration	O
of	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
5	O
and	O
10	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
atropine	B-Chemical
10	O
and	O
20	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
immediately	O
before	O
the	O
induction	O
of	O
anaesthesia	O
,	O
to	O
prevent	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
following	O
repeated	O
doses	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
in	O
children	O
,	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

A	O
control	O
group	O
was	O
included	O
for	O
comparison	O
with	O
the	O
lower	O
dose	O
range	O
of	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
and	O
atropine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
frequency	O
of	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
of	O
50	O
%	O
was	O
noted	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
was	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
from	O
the	O
frequency	O
with	O
the	O
active	O
drugs	O
.	O

Bradycardia	B-Disease
(	O
defined	O
as	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
to	O
less	O
than	O
50	O
beat	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
was	O
prevented	O
when	O
the	O
larger	O
dose	O
of	O
either	O
active	O
drug	O
was	O
used	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
recommended	O
that	O
either	O
glycopyrrolate	B-Chemical
10	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
or	O
atropine	B-Chemical
20	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
should	O
immediately	O
precede	O
induction	O
of	O
anaesthesia	O
,	O
in	O
children	O
,	O
if	O
the	O
repeated	O
administration	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
is	O
anticipated	O
.	O

Veno	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
occlusive	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
after	O
dacarbazine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
(	O
DTIC	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
melanoma	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
veno	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
occlusive	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
with	O
fatal	O
outcome	O
after	O
dacarbazine	B-Chemical
(	O
DTIC	B-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
for	O
melanoma	B-Disease
is	O
reported	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
fulminant	O
clinical	O
course	O
from	O
start	O
of	O
symptoms	O
until	O
death	B-Disease
.	O

At	O
autopsy	O
the	O
liver	O
was	O
enlarged	O
and	O
firm	O
with	O
signs	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
congestion	I-Disease
.	O

Small	O
-	O
and	O
medium	O
-	O
sized	O
hepatic	O
veins	O
were	O
blocked	O
by	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
.	O

Eosinophilic	O
infiltrations	O
were	O
found	O
around	O
the	O
vessels	O
.	O

Published	O
cases	O
from	O
the	O
literature	O
are	O
reviewed	O
and	O
pertinent	O
features	O
discussed	O
.	O

Maternal	O
lithium	B-Chemical
and	O
neonatal	O
Ebstein	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
anomaly	I-Disease
:	O
evaluation	O
with	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
echocardiography	O
.	O

Cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
echocardiography	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
two	O
neonates	O
whose	O
mothers	O
ingested	O
lithium	B-Chemical
during	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

In	O
one	O
infant	O
,	O
Ebstein	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
anomaly	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
tricuspid	O
valve	O
was	O
identified	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
other	O
infant	O
cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
echocardiography	O
provided	O
reassurance	O
that	O
the	O
infant	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
Ebstein	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
anomaly	I-Disease
.	O

Cross	O
-	O
sectional	O
echocardiographic	O
screening	O
of	O
newborns	O
exposed	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
during	O
gestation	O
can	O
provide	O
highly	O
accurate	O
,	O
noninvasive	O
assessment	O
of	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
malformations	I-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
training	O
on	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
experimental	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
aging	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
exercise	O
on	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
were	O
studied	O
in	O
female	O
albino	O
rats	O
of	O
20	O
,	O
40	O
,	O
60	O
and	O
80	O
weeks	O
of	O
age	O
.	O

The	O
rats	O
were	O
trained	O
to	O
swim	O
for	O
a	O
specific	O
duration	O
and	O
for	O
a	O
particular	O
period	O
.	O

The	O
occurrence	O
of	O
infarcts	B-Disease
were	O
confirmed	O
by	O
histological	O
methods	O
.	O

Elevations	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
GOT	O
and	O
GPT	O
were	O
maximum	O
in	O
the	O
sedentary	O
-	O
isoproterenols	B-Chemical
and	O
minimum	O
in	O
the	O
exercise	O
-	O
controls	O
.	O

These	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
transaminases	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
corresponding	O
depletions	O
in	O
the	O
cardiac	O
GOT	O
and	O
GPT	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
age	O
was	O
seen	O
to	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
responses	O
exhibited	O
by	O
the	O
young	O
and	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

Studies	O
dealing	O
with	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
are	O
more	O
informative	O
when	O
dealt	O
with	O
age	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
polyethylene	B-Chemical
glycol	I-Chemical
400	I-Chemical
on	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
a	O
widely	O
used	O
organic	O
solvent	O
,	O
polyethylene	B-Chemical
glycol	I-Chemical
400	I-Chemical
(	O
PEG	B-Chemical
400	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
toxic	O
action	O
of	O
an	O
acute	O
or	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
with	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
ADR	B-Chemical
)	O
was	O
evaluated	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

PEG	B-Chemical
400	I-Chemical
impressively	O
decreased	O
both	O
acute	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
and	O
chronic	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
-	O
ADR	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
lethality	O
.	O

Light	O
microscopic	O
analysis	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
protection	O
against	O
ADR	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
morphological	I-Disease
alterations	I-Disease
.	O

Such	O
treatment	O
did	O
not	O
diminish	O
the	O
ADR	B-Chemical
antitumor	O
activity	O
in	O
L1210	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
and	O
in	O
Ehrlich	B-Disease
ascites	I-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
.	O

Sublingual	O
absorption	O
of	O
the	O
quaternary	B-Chemical
ammonium	I-Chemical
antiarrhythmic	O
agent	O
,	O
UM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
272	I-Chemical
.	O

UM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
272	I-Chemical
(	O
N	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
N	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dimethylpropranolol	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
quaternary	O
antiarrhythmic	O
agent	O
,	O
was	O
administered	O
sublingually	O
to	O
dogs	O
with	O
ouabain	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardias	I-Disease
.	O

Both	O
anti	O
-	O
arrhythmic	O
efficacy	O
and	O
bioavailability	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
oral	O
drug	O
.	O

Sublingual	O
UM	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
272	I-Chemical
converted	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
to	O
sinus	O
rhythm	O
in	O
all	O
5	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
area	O
under	O
the	O
plasma	O
concentration	O
time	O
curve	O
at	O
90	O
min	O
was	O
4	O
-	O
12	O
times	O
greater	O
than	O
for	O
oral	O
drug	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
existence	O
of	O
an	O
absorption	O
-	O
limiting	O
process	O
in	O
the	O
intestine	O
,	O
and	O
providing	O
an	O
alternate	O
form	O
of	O
administration	O
for	O
quaternary	O
drugs	O
.	O

Early	O
adjuvant	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
in	O
superficial	O
bladder	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
multicenter	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
in	O
110	O
patients	O
with	O
superficial	O
transitional	O
cell	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
.	O

Adriamycin	B-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
50	O
ml	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
intravesically	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
transurethral	O
resection	O
of	O
TA	O
-	O
T1	O
(	O
O	O
-	O
A	O
)	O
bladder	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
.	O

Instillation	O
was	O
repeated	O
twice	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
week	O
,	O
then	O
weekly	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
month	O
and	O
afterwards	O
monthly	O
for	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
tolerance	O
was	O
evaluated	O
in	O
these	O
110	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
29	O
patients	O
presented	O
with	O
local	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
.	O

In	O
24	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
chemical	O
cystitis	B-Disease
was	O
severe	O
enough	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
drop	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
.	O

No	O
systemic	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
were	O
observed	O
.	O

Recurrence	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
82	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
after	O
1	O
year	O
of	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
and	O
in	O
72	O
patients	O
followed	O
for	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
years	O
(	O
mean	O
32	O
months	O
)	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
82	O
patients	O
studied	O
after	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
23	O
had	O
primary	O
and	O
59	O
recurrent	O
disease	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
82	O
evaluable	O
patients	O
,	O
50	O
did	O
not	O
show	O
any	O
recurrence	O
after	O
1	O
year	O
(	O
61	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
while	O
32	O
presented	O
with	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
recurrences	O
(	O
39	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Of	O
these	O
recurrences	O
,	O
27	O
were	O
T1	O
tumors	B-Disease
while	O
five	O
progressed	O
to	O
more	O
highly	O
invasive	O
lesions	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
that	O
were	O
free	O
of	O
recurrence	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
year	O
,	O
80	O
%	O
remained	O
tumor	B-Disease
-	O
free	O
during	O
the	O
2	O
-	O
to	O
3	O
-	O
year	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
patients	O
developing	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
recurrences	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
year	O
,	O
only	O
50	O
%	O
presented	O
with	O
further	O
recurrence	O
once	O
the	O
instillations	O
were	O
stopped	O
.	O

The	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
of	O
Adriamycin	B-Chemical
appears	O
obvious	O
and	O
might	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
itself	O
,	O
the	O
early	O
and	O
repeated	O
instillations	O
after	O
TUR	O
,	O
or	O
both	O
.	O

D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
angiopathy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
high	O
dose	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
aortic	O
permeability	O
to	O
albumin	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
ultrastructure	O
of	O
the	O
vessel	O
.	O

Male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
(	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pen	I-Chemical
)	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
10	O
or	O
42	O
days	O
.	O

Pair	O
fed	O
rats	O
served	O
as	O
controls	O
.	O

Changes	O
in	O
aortic	O
morphology	O
were	O
examined	O
by	O
light	O
-	O
and	O
transmission	O
-	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
(	O
TEM	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
endothelial	O
permeability	O
and	O
the	O
penetration	O
through	O
the	O
aortic	O
wall	O
of	O
albumin	O
were	O
studied	O
10	O
minutes	O
,	O
24	O
and	O
48	O
hours	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
human	O
serum	O
131I	O
-	O
albumin	O
(	O
131I	O
-	O
HSA	O
)	O
.	O

TEM	O
revealed	O
extensive	O
elastolysis	O
in	O
the	O
arterial	O
wall	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pen	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
consistent	O
with	O
an	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
on	O
crosslink	O
formation	O
.	O

In	O
experimental	O
animals	O
excess	O
deposition	O
of	O
collagen	O
and	O
glycoaminoglycans	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
subendothelial	O
and	O
medial	O
layer	O
of	O
the	O
aortic	O
wall	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
prominent	O
basal	O
membrane	O
substance	O
around	O
aortic	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
.	O

The	O
aorta	O
/	O
serum	O
-	O
ratio	O
and	O
the	O
radioactive	O
build	O
-	O
up	O
24	O
and	O
48	O
hours	O
after	O
injection	O
of	O
131I	O
-	O
HSA	O
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pen	I-Chemical
for	O
42	O
days	O
,	O
indicating	O
an	O
impeded	O
transmural	O
transport	O
of	O
tracer	O
which	O
may	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
a	O
steric	O
exclusion	O
effect	O
of	O
abundant	O
hyaluronate	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
endothelial	O
ultrastructure	O
was	O
unaffected	O
by	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pen	I-Chemical
,	O
and	O
no	O
differences	O
in	O
aortic	O
131I	O
-	O
HSA	O
radioactivity	O
or	O
aorta	O
/	O
serum	O
-	O
ratio	O
were	O
recorded	O
between	O
experimental	O
and	O
control	O
groups	O
10	O
minutes	O
after	O
tracer	O
injection	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
permeability	O
of	O
the	O
endothelial	O
barrier	O
to	O
albumin	O
remained	O
unaffected	O
by	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pen	I-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

These	O
observations	O
support	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
treatment	O
with	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pen	I-Chemical
may	O
induce	O
a	O
fibroproliferative	O
response	O
in	O
rat	O
aorta	O
,	O
possibly	O
by	O
an	O
inhibitory	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
cross	O
-	O
linking	O
of	O
collagen	O
and	O
elastin	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
on	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
furyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
thiazolyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
formamide	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
epithelial	O
proliferation	O
in	O
the	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
and	O
forestomach	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

The	O
co	O
-	O
administration	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
with	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
furyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
thiazolyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
formamide	I-Chemical
(	O
FANFT	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
rats	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
reduced	O
incidence	O
of	O
FANFT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bladder	B-Disease
carcinomas	I-Disease
but	O
a	O
concomitant	O
induction	O
of	O
forestomach	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
autoradiographic	O
study	O
was	O
performed	O
on	O
male	O
F	O
-	O
344	O
rats	O
fed	O
diet	O
containing	O
FANFT	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
level	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
at	O
a	O
level	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
increased	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
induced	O
by	O
FANFT	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
forestomach	O
and	O
bladder	O
.	O

FANFT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
in	O
the	O
bladder	O
was	O
significantly	O
suppressed	O
by	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
co	O
-	O
administration	O
after	O
4	O
weeks	O
but	O
not	O
after	O
12	O
weeks	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
forestomach	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
in	O
the	O
liver	O
,	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
FANFT	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
labeling	O
index	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
results	O
are	O
consistent	O
with	O
the	O
carcinogenicity	O
experiment	O
suggesting	O
that	O
different	O
mechanisms	O
are	O
involved	O
in	O
FANFT	B-Chemical
carcinogenesis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
bladder	O
and	O
forestomach	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
effect	O
on	O
FANFT	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
forestomach	O
is	O
not	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
irritant	O
effect	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
there	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
adaptation	O
by	O
the	O
rats	O
to	O
the	O
chronic	O
ingestion	O
of	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
tardive	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
.	O

Abnormal	B-Disease
involuntary	I-Disease
movements	I-Disease
appeared	O
in	O
the	O
mouth	O
,	O
tongue	O
,	O
neck	O
and	O
abdomen	O
of	O
a	O
64	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
patient	O
after	O
he	O
took	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
for	O
gastrointestinal	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
regimen	O
of	O
30	O
mg	O
per	O
day	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
about	O
260	O
days	O
.	O

The	O
symptoms	O
exacerbated	O
to	O
a	O
maximum	O
in	O
a	O
month	O
.	O

When	O
the	O
metoclopramide	B-Chemical
administration	O
was	O
discontinued	O
,	O
the	O
abnormal	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
gradually	O
improved	O
to	O
a	O
considerable	O
extent	O
.	O

Attention	O
to	O
the	O
possible	O
induction	O
of	O
specific	O
tardive	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
is	O
called	O
for	O
in	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
this	O
drug	O
.	O

Intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
chemotherapy	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
malignant	B-Disease
gliomas	I-Disease
of	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

Because	O
of	O
the	O
rapid	O
systemic	O
clearance	O
of	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
(	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bis	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloroethyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitrosourea	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
administration	O
should	O
provide	O
a	O
substantial	O
advantage	O
over	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
malignant	B-Disease
gliomas	I-Disease
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
six	O
patients	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
every	O
6	O
to	O
8	O
weeks	O
,	O
either	O
by	O
transfemoral	O
catheterization	O
of	O
the	O
internal	O
carotid	O
or	O
vertebral	O
artery	O
or	O
through	O
a	O
fully	O
implantable	O
intracarotid	O
drug	O
delivery	O
system	O
,	O
beginning	O
with	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
sq	O
m	O
body	O
surface	O
area	O
.	O

Twelve	O
patients	O
with	O
Grade	O
III	O
or	O
IV	O
astrocytomas	B-Disease
were	O
treated	O
after	O
partial	O
resection	O
of	O
the	O
tumor	B-Disease
without	O
prior	O
radiation	O
therapy	O
.	O

After	O
two	O
to	O
seven	O
cycles	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
,	O
nine	O
patients	O
showed	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
tumor	B-Disease
size	O
and	O
surrounding	O
edema	B-Disease
on	O
contrast	O
-	O
enhanced	O
computerized	O
tomography	O
scans	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
nine	O
responders	O
,	O
median	O
duration	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
response	O
from	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
operation	O
was	O
25	O
weeks	O
(	O
range	O
12	O
to	O
more	O
than	O
91	O
weeks	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
duration	O
of	O
survival	O
in	O
the	O
12	O
patients	O
was	O
54	O
weeks	O
(	O
range	O
21	O
to	O
more	O
than	O
156	O
weeks	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
an	O
18	O
-	O
month	O
survival	O
rate	O
of	O
42	O
%	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
four	O
patients	O
with	O
recurrent	O
Grade	O
I	O
to	O
IV	O
astrocytomas	B-Disease
,	O
whose	O
resection	O
and	O
irradiation	O
therapy	O
had	O
failed	O
,	O
received	O
two	O
to	O
eight	O
courses	O
of	O
intra	O
-	O
arterial	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Seventeen	O
of	O
these	O
had	O
a	O
response	O
or	O
were	O
stable	O
for	O
a	O
median	O
of	O
20	O
weeks	O
(	O
range	O
6	O
to	O
more	O
than	O
66	O
weeks	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
catheterization	O
procedure	O
is	O
safe	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
immediate	O
complication	O
in	O
111	O
infusions	O
of	O
BCNU	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
delayed	O
complication	O
in	O
nine	O
patients	O
has	O
been	O
unilateral	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
vision	I-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
a	O
retinal	B-Disease
vasculitis	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
frequency	O
of	O
visual	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
decreased	O
after	O
the	O
concentration	O
of	O
the	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
diluent	O
was	O
lowered	O
.	O

Provocation	O
of	O
postural	O
hypotension	B-Disease
by	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
in	O
diabetic	B-Disease
autonomic	I-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
?	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
on	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
was	O
compared	O
in	O
5	O
normal	O
subjects	O
,	O
12	O
diabetic	B-Disease
subjects	O
without	O
autonomic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
5	O
diabetic	B-Disease
subjects	O
with	O
autonomic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
magnitude	O
and	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
the	O
decrease	O
in	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
after	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
were	O
similar	O
in	O
the	O
normal	O
and	O
diabetic	B-Disease
subjects	O
without	O
autonomic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
a	O
lesser	O
increase	O
in	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
a	O
greater	O
decrease	O
in	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
diabetic	B-Disease
subjects	O
with	O
autonomic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
therefore	O
suggested	O
that	O
caution	O
should	O
be	O
exercised	O
when	O
prescribing	O
vasodilator	O
drugs	O
in	O
diabetic	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
particularly	O
those	O
with	O
autonomic	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Blood	O
pressure	O
response	O
to	O
chronic	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
intrarenal	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
infusion	O
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
solution	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
or	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
in	O
doses	O
of	O
4	O
,	O
12	O
and	O
36	O
micrograms	O
h	O
-	O
1	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
was	O
infused	O
for	O
five	O
consecutive	O
days	O
,	O
either	O
intrarenally	O
(	O
by	O
a	O
new	O
technique	O
)	O
or	O
intravenously	O
into	O
rats	O
with	O
one	O
kidney	O
removed	O
.	O

Intrarenal	O
infusion	O
of	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
caused	O
hypertension	B-Disease
at	O
doses	O
which	O
did	O
not	O
do	O
so	O
when	O
infused	O
intravenously	O
.	O

Intrarenal	O
compared	O
with	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
caused	O
higher	O
plasma	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
and	O
a	O
shift	O
of	O
the	O
plasma	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
concentration	O
-	O
blood	O
pressure	O
effect	O
curve	O
towards	O
lower	O
plasma	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
hypertension	B-Disease
after	O
chronic	O
intrarenal	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
infusion	O
is	O
produced	O
by	O
relatively	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
circulating	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
and	O
by	O
triggering	O
of	O
an	O
additional	O
intrarenal	O
pressor	O
mechanism	O
.	O

Characterization	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
adenohypophyseal	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
Fischer	O
344	O
rat	O
.	O

Pituitary	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
were	O
induced	O
in	O
F344	O
female	O
rats	O
by	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
with	O
diethylstilbestrol	B-Chemical
(	O
DES	B-Chemical
,	O
8	O
-	O
10	O
mg	O
)	O
implanted	O
subcutaneously	O
in	O
silastic	O
capsules	O
.	O

Over	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
1	O
-	O
150	O
days	O
of	O
DES	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
pairs	O
of	O
control	O
and	O
DES	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
were	O
sacrificed	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
pituitaries	O
dissociated	O
enzymatically	O
into	O
single	O
-	O
cell	O
preparations	O
.	O

The	O
cell	O
populations	O
were	O
examined	O
regarding	O
total	O
cell	O
recovery	O
correlated	O
with	O
gland	O
weight	O
,	O
intracellular	O
prolactin	O
(	O
PRL	O
)	O
content	O
and	O
subsequent	O
release	O
in	O
primary	O
culture	O
,	O
immunocytochemical	O
PRL	O
staining	O
,	O
density	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
size	O
alterations	O
via	O
separation	O
on	O
Ficoll	O
-	O
Hypaque	O
and	O
by	O
unit	O
gravity	O
sedimentation	O
,	O
and	O
cell	O
cycle	O
analysis	O
,	O
after	O
acriflavine	B-Chemical
DNA	O
staining	O
,	O
by	O
laser	O
flow	O
cytometry	O
.	O

Total	O
cell	O
yields	O
from	O
DES	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
pituitaries	O
increased	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
times	O
control	O
yields	O
at	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
treatment	O
to	O
58	O
.	O
9	O
times	O
control	O
values	O
by	O
day	O
150	O
.	O

Intracellular	O
PRL	O
content	O
ranged	O
from	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
to	O
9	O
.	O
4	O
times	O
control	O
levels	O
,	O
and	O
PRL	O
release	O
in	O
vitro	O
was	O
significantly	O
and	O
consistently	O
higher	O
than	O
controls	O
,	O
after	O
at	O
least	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
DES	B-Chemical
exposure	O
.	O

Beyond	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
DES	B-Chemical
exposure	O
,	O
the	O
immunochemically	O
PRL	O
-	O
positive	O
proportion	O
of	O
cells	O
increased	O
to	O
over	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
population	O
.	O

Increased	O
density	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
size	O
and	O
PRL	O
content	O
were	O
indicated	O
for	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
the	O
PRL	O
cell	O
population	O
in	O
both	O
types	O
of	O
separation	O
protocols	O
.	O

All	O
these	O
effects	O
of	O
DES	B-Chemical
were	O
more	O
pronounced	O
among	O
previously	O
ovariectomized	O
animals	O
.	O

The	O
data	O
extend	O
the	O
findings	O
of	O
other	O
investigators	O
,	O
further	O
establishing	O
the	O
DES	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tumor	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
model	O
for	O
study	O
of	O
PRL	O
cellular	O
control	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

Age	O
and	O
renal	O
clearance	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
35	O
patients	O
(	O
ages	O
20	O
to	O
86	O
yr	O
)	O
receiving	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
therapeutically	O
two	O
serum	O
samples	O
and	O
all	O
urine	O
formed	O
in	O
the	O
interim	O
were	O
collected	O
for	O
analysis	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
by	O
high	O
-	O
pressure	O
liquid	O
chromatography	O
and	O
for	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
.	O

Cimetidine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
decreased	O
with	O
age	O
.	O

The	O
extrapolated	O
6	O
-	O
hr	O
serum	O
concentration	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
per	O
unit	O
dose	O
,	O
after	O
intravenous	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
,	O
increased	O
with	O
age	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
ratio	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
to	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
(	O
Rc	O
)	O
averaged	O
4	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
,	O
indicating	O
net	O
tubular	O
secretion	O
for	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Rc	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
independent	O
of	O
age	O
and	O
decreased	O
with	O
increasing	O
serum	O
concentration	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
secretion	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
saturable	O
process	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
only	O
one	O
case	O
of	O
dementia	B-Disease
possibly	O
due	O
to	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
(	O
with	O
a	O
drug	O
level	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
microgram	O
/	O
ml	O
6	O
hr	O
after	O
a	O
dose	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
13	O
patients	O
without	O
liver	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
kidney	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
who	O
had	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
levels	O
above	O
1	O
.	O
25	O
microgram	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
high	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
levels	O
alone	O
do	O
not	O
always	O
induce	O
dementia	B-Disease
.	O

Further	O
observations	O
on	O
the	O
electrophysiologic	O
effects	O
of	O
oral	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
is	O
presented	O
of	O
a	O
reversible	O
intra	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Hisian	I-Disease
block	I-Disease
occurring	O
under	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
atrial	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
without	O
clear	O
intraventricular	B-Disease
conduction	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

His	O
bundle	O
recordings	O
showed	O
an	O
atrial	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
with	O
intermittent	O
exit	O
block	O
and	O
greatly	O
prolonged	O
BH	O
and	O
HV	O
intervals	O
(	O
40	O
and	O
100	O
msec	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Thirty	O
days	O
after	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
discontinuation	O
,	O
His	O
bundle	O
electrograms	O
showed	O
atrial	B-Disease
flutter	I-Disease
without	O
intra	O
-	O
Hisian	O
or	O
infra	O
-	O
Hisian	O
delay	O
.	O

Amiodarone	B-Chemical
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
caution	O
during	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
oral	O
therapy	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
clear	O
intraventricular	O
conduction	O
defects	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
clear	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
adenocarcinoma	I-Disease
in	O
DES	B-Chemical
-	O
exposed	O
offspring	O
under	O
observation	O
.	O

Two	O
cases	O
of	O
clear	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
adenocarcinoma	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
vagina	I-Disease
detected	O
at	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
in	O
young	O
women	O
exposed	O
in	O
utero	O
to	O
diethylstilbestrol	B-Chemical
are	O
reported	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
,	O
aged	O
23	O
,	O
had	O
been	O
followed	O
for	O
2	O
years	O
before	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	O
;	O
the	O
second	O
patient	O
,	O
aged	O
22	O
,	O
had	O
been	O
seen	O
on	O
a	O
regular	O
basis	O
for	O
5	O
years	O
,	O
8	O
months	O
.	O

In	O
both	O
instances	O
,	O
suspicion	O
of	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
was	O
aroused	O
by	O
the	O
palpation	O
of	O
a	O
small	O
nodule	O
in	O
the	O
vaginal	O
fornix	O
.	O

Hysterosalpingography	O
was	O
performed	O
on	O
both	O
patients	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
1	O
instance	O
,	O
an	O
abnormal	O
x	O
-	O
ray	O
film	O
was	O
reflected	O
by	O
the	O
gross	O
appearance	O
of	O
the	O
uterine	O
cavity	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
surgical	O
specimen	O
.	O

Neurologic	O
effects	O
of	O
subarachnoid	O
administration	O
of	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloroprocaine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CE	I-Chemical
,	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
low	O
pH	O
normal	O
saline	O
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
neurologic	O
consequences	O
of	O
deliberate	O
subarachnoid	O
injection	O
of	O
large	O
volumes	O
of	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloroprocaine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CE	I-Chemical
in	O
experimental	O
animals	O
.	O

The	O
possible	O
role	O
of	O
low	O
pH	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
total	O
volume	O
as	O
potential	O
factors	O
in	O
causing	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
.	O

The	O
65	O
dogs	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
received	O
injections	O
in	O
the	O
subarachnoid	O
space	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
6	O
to	O
8	O
ml	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
(	O
N	O
=	O
15	O
)	O
,	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloroprocaine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CE	I-Chemical
(	O
N	O
=	O
20	O
)	O
,	O
low	O
pH	O
normal	O
saline	O
(	O
pH	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
20	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
normal	O
saline	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
20	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
subarachnoid	O
injection	O
of	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloroprocaine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CE	I-Chemical
seven	O
(	O
35	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
hind	O
-	O
limb	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
normal	O
saline	O
,	O
or	O
normal	O
saline	O
titrated	O
to	O
a	O
pH	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
developed	O
hind	O
-	O
limb	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

Of	O
the	O
15	O
spinal	O
cords	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloroprocaine	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CE	I-Chemical
,	O
13	O
showed	O
subpial	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
;	O
the	O
nerve	O
roots	O
and	O
subarachnoid	O
vessels	O
were	O
normal	O
.	O

The	O
spinal	O
cords	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
that	O
received	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
,	O
low	O
pH	O
normal	O
saline	O
(	O
pH	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
normal	O
saline	O
did	O
not	O
show	O
abnormal	O
findings	O
.	O

Procainamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polymorphous	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

Seven	O
cases	O
of	O
procainamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polymorphous	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
are	O
presented	O
.	O

In	O
four	O
patients	O
,	O
polymorphous	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
appeared	O
after	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
200	O
to	O
400	O
mg	O
of	O
procainamide	B-Chemical
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
sustained	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
remaining	O
three	O
patients	O
,	O
procainamide	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
orally	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
chronic	O
premature	B-Disease
ventricular	I-Disease
contractions	I-Disease
or	O
atrial	B-Disease
flutter	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
patients	O
had	O
Q	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
T	I-Disease
prolongation	I-Disease
and	O
recurrent	O
syncope	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
polymorphous	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
four	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
was	O
rapidly	O
diagnosed	O
and	O
treated	O
with	O
disappearance	O
of	O
further	O
episodes	O
of	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
two	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
degenerated	O
into	O
irreversible	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
and	O
both	O
patients	O
died	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
seventh	O
patient	O
,	O
a	O
permanent	O
ventricular	O
pacemaker	O
was	O
inserted	O
and	O
,	O
despite	O
continuation	O
of	O
procainamide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
,	O
polymorphous	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
did	O
not	O
reoccur	O
.	O

These	O
seven	O
cases	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
procainamide	B-Chemical
can	O
produce	O
an	O
acquired	O
prolonged	B-Disease
Q	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
T	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
with	O
polymorphous	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

Phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
enlargement	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
:	O
its	O
relationship	O
to	O
carbon	B-Chemical
tetrachloride	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
yield	O
of	O
severe	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
(	O
defined	O
as	O
a	O
shrunken	O
finely	O
nodular	O
liver	O
with	O
micronodular	O
histology	O
,	O
ascites	B-Disease
greater	O
than	O
30	O
ml	O
,	O
plasma	O
albumin	O
less	O
than	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
splenomegaly	B-Disease
2	O
-	O
3	O
times	O
normal	O
,	O
and	O
testicular	O
atrophy	B-Disease
approximately	O
half	O
normal	O
weight	O
)	O
after	O
12	O
doses	O
of	O
carbon	B-Chemical
tetrachloride	I-Chemical
given	O
intragastrically	O
in	O
the	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
-	O
primed	O
rat	O
was	O
increased	O
from	O
25	O
%	O
to	O
56	O
%	O
by	O
giving	O
the	O
initial	O
"	O
calibrating	O
"	O
dose	O
of	O
carbon	B-Chemical
tetrachloride	I-Chemical
at	O
the	O
peak	O
of	O
the	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
enlargement	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
.	O

At	O
this	O
point	O
it	O
was	O
assumed	O
that	O
the	O
cytochrome	O
P450	O
/	O
CCl4	B-Chemical
toxic	O
state	O
was	O
both	O
maximal	O
and	O
stable	O
.	O

The	O
optimal	O
rat	O
size	O
to	O
begin	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
was	O
determined	O
as	O
100	O
g	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
size	O
as	O
a	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
mean	O
maximum	O
relative	O
liver	O
weight	O
increase	O
47	O
%	O
greater	O
than	O
normal	O
rats	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
body	O
weight	O
.	O

The	O
optimal	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
initial	O
dose	O
of	O
carbon	B-Chemical
tetrachloride	I-Chemical
was	O
after	O
14	O
days	O
on	O
phenobarbitone	B-Chemical
.	O

Triamterene	B-Chemical
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
complicating	O
dyazide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
triamterene	B-Chemical
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
is	O
reported	O
in	O
a	O
man	O
after	O
4	O
years	O
of	O
hydrochlorothiazide	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
triamterene	I-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
stone	O
passed	O
spontaneously	O
and	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
contain	O
a	O
triamterene	B-Chemical
metabolite	O
admixed	O
with	O
uric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
salts	I-Chemical
.	O

Factors	O
affecting	O
triamterene	B-Chemical
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
are	O
discussed	O
and	O
2	O
previously	O
reported	O
cases	O
are	O
reviewed	O
.	O

Busulfan	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
is	O
reported	O
.	O

Spontaneous	O
resolution	O
occurred	O
following	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

The	O
similarity	O
between	O
the	O
histologic	O
appearances	O
of	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
cystitis	B-Disease
and	O
both	O
radiation	O
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cystitis	B-Disease
is	O
discussed	O
and	O
the	O
world	O
literature	O
reviewed	O
.	O

In	O
view	O
of	O
the	O
known	O
tendency	O
of	O
busulfan	B-Chemical
to	O
induce	O
cellular	O
atypia	O
and	O
carcinoma	B-Disease
in	O
other	O
sites	O
,	O
periodic	O
urinary	O
cytology	O
is	O
suggested	O
in	O
patients	O
on	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
therapy	O
.	O

Variant	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
in	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
variant	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
desipramine	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Unusual	O
features	O
of	O
the	O
arrhythmia	B-Disease
are	O
repetitive	O
group	O
beating	O
,	O
progressive	O
shortening	O
of	O
the	O
R	O
-	O
R	O
interval	O
,	O
progressive	O
widening	O
of	O
the	O
QRS	O
complex	O
with	O
eventual	O
failure	O
of	O
intraventricular	O
conduction	O
,	O
and	O
changes	O
in	O
direction	O
of	O
the	O
QRS	O
axis	O
.	O

Recognition	O
of	O
variant	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
is	O
important	O
because	O
therapy	O
differs	O
from	O
that	O
of	O
classic	O
ventricular	B-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
.	O

Rebound	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
after	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
prevented	O
by	O
saralasin	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
in	O
the	O
maintenance	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
during	O
halothane	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
and	O
sodium	B-Chemical
nitroprusside	I-Chemical
(	O
SNP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Control	O
rats	O
received	O
halothane	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
(	O
1	O
MAC	O
)	O
for	O
one	O
hour	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
SNP	B-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
40	O
microgram	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
min	O
,	O
for	O
30	O
min	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
30	O
-	O
min	O
recovery	O
period	O
.	O

A	O
second	O
group	O
of	O
rats	O
was	O
treated	O
identically	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
addition	O
,	O
received	O
an	O
infusion	O
of	O
saralasin	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
competitive	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
)	O
throughout	O
the	O
experimental	O
period	O
.	O

In	O
each	O
group	O
,	O
SNP	B-Chemical
infusion	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
initial	O
decrease	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
from	O
86	O
torr	O
and	O
83	O
torr	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
to	O
48	O
torr	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
SNP	B-Chemical
infusion	O
the	O
control	O
animals	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
progressive	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
to	O
61	O
torr	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
saralasin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
animals	O
showed	O
no	O
change	O
.	O

Following	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
SNP	B-Chemical
,	O
blood	O
pressure	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
animals	O
rebounded	O
to	O
94	O
torr	O
,	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
78	O
torr	O
in	O
the	O
saralasin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
indicates	O
that	O
with	O
stable	O
halothane	B-Chemical
anesthesia	O
,	O
the	O
partial	O
recovery	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
during	O
SNP	B-Chemical
infusion	O
and	O
the	O
post	O
-	O
SNP	B-Chemical
rebound	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
can	O
be	O
completely	O
blocked	O
by	O
saralasin	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
demonstrates	O
the	O
participation	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
in	O
antagonizing	O
the	O
combined	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
halothane	B-Chemical
and	O
SNP	B-Chemical
.	O

Clinical	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
study	O
.	O

Nearly	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
million	O
people	O
in	O
this	O
country	O
receive	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
antibiotics	O
annually	O
.	O

Gentamicin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
and	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
continue	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
both	O
animal	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
62	O
patients	O
with	O
confirmed	O
initial	O
normal	O
renal	O
function	O
and	O
treated	O
with	O
2	O
to	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
of	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
or	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
for	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
seven	O
days	O
were	O
followed	O
up	O
prospectively	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
aminoglycoside	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
defined	O
as	O
at	O
least	O
a	O
one	O
-	O
third	O
reduction	O
in	O
renal	O
function	O
.	O

In	O
these	O
62	O
patients	O
,	O
no	O
other	O
causes	O
for	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
identified	O
.	O

Five	O
of	O
33	O
(	O
15	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
29	O
(	O
55	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
had	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
more	O
than	O
three	O
times	O
as	O
often	O
as	O
was	O
tobramycin	B-Chemical
.	O

Metabolic	O
involvement	O
in	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
cardiotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
were	O
studied	O
in	O
mammalian	O
myocardial	O
cells	O
in	O
culture	O
as	O
a	O
model	O
system	O
.	O

Adriamycin	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
cell	O
growth	O
and	O
the	O
rhythmic	O
contractions	O
characteristic	O
of	O
myocardial	O
cells	O
in	O
culture	O
.	O

A	O
possible	O
involvement	O
of	O
energy	O
metabolism	O
was	O
suggested	O
previously	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
the	O
adenylate	O
energy	O
charge	O
and	O
phosphorylcreatine	B-Chemical
mole	O
fraction	O
were	O
determined	O
in	O
the	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
cells	O
.	O

The	O
adenylate	O
energy	O
charge	O
was	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
phophorylcreatine	B-Chemical
mole	O
fraction	O
was	O
unchanged	O
.	O

Such	O
disparity	O
suggests	O
an	O
inhibition	O
of	O
creatine	B-Chemical
phosphokinase	O
.	O

The	O
addition	O
of	O
1	O
mM	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
to	O
the	O
myocardial	O
cell	O
cultures	O
markedly	O
increases	O
the	O
ATP	B-Chemical
concentration	O
through	O
a	O
pathway	O
reportedly	O
leading	O
to	O
a	O
compartmentalized	O
ATP	B-Chemical
pool	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
cells	O
,	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
adenylate	O
charge	O
and	O
,	O
concomitant	O
with	O
this	O
inrcease	O
,	O
the	O
cells	O
'	O
functional	O
integrity	O
,	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
percentage	O
of	O
beating	O
cells	O
and	O
rate	O
of	O
contractions	O
,	O
was	O
maintained	O
.	O

Age	O
-	O
dependent	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
to	O
neurotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
streptomycin	B-Chemical
.	O

Streptomycin	B-Chemical
sulfate	O
(	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
for	O
various	O
periods	O
into	O
preweanling	O
rats	O
and	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
into	O
weanling	O
rats	O
.	O

Beginning	O
at	O
8	O
days	O
of	O
age	O
,	O
body	O
movement	O
and	O
hearing	O
were	O
examined	O
for	O
6	O
and	O
up	O
to	O
17	O
weeks	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Abnormal	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
and	O
deafness	B-Disease
occurred	O
only	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
during	O
the	O
preweaning	O
period	O
;	O
within	O
this	O
period	O
the	O
greatest	O
sensitivities	O
for	O
these	O
abnormalities	O
occurred	O
from	O
2	O
to	O
11	O
-	O
17	O
and	O
5	O
to	O
11	O
days	O
of	O
age	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
the	O
cochlea	O
is	O
more	O
sensitive	O
to	O
streptomycin	B-Chemical
than	O
the	O
site	O
(	O
vestibular	O
or	O
central	O
)	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
dyskinesias	B-Disease
.	O

Late	O
,	O
late	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Cardiac	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
major	O
complication	O
which	O
limits	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
adriamycin	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
chemotherapeutic	O
agent	O
.	O

Cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
is	O
frequent	O
when	O
the	O
total	O
dose	O
exceeds	O
600	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
and	O
occurs	O
within	O
one	O
to	O
six	O
months	O
after	O
cessation	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
patient	O
is	O
reported	O
who	O
developed	O
progressive	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
two	O
and	O
one	O
-	O
half	O
years	O
after	O
receiving	O
580	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
which	O
apparently	O
represents	O
late	O
,	O
late	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Attenuation	O
of	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
by	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
on	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
polydipsia	B-Disease
and	O
polyuria	B-Disease
and	O
on	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
concentration	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
,	O
brain	O
,	O
kidney	O
,	O
thyroid	O
and	O
red	O
blood	O
cells	O
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
LiCl	B-Chemical
.	O

Amiloride	B-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
drinking	O
and	O
urine	O
volume	O
of	O
rats	O
in	O
an	O
acute	O
(	O
6	O
or	O
12	O
h	O
)	O
and	O
a	O
subacute	O
(	O
3	O
days	O
)	O
experiment	O
.	O

6	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
reduction	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
content	O
of	O
the	O
renal	O
medulla	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
organs	O
studied	O
.	O

At	O
12	O
h	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
tissues	O
showed	O
a	O
slight	O
increase	O
in	O
lithium	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

After	O
3	O
days	O
of	O
combined	O
treatment	O
,	O
a	O
marked	O
elevation	O
in	O
plasma	O
and	O
tissue	O
lithium	B-Chemical
levels	O
accompanied	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
water	O
intake	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
the	O
experiments	O
,	O
the	O
attenuation	O
of	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
like	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
by	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
was	O
accompanied	O
by	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
ratio	O
between	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
concentration	O
in	O
the	O
renal	O
medulla	O
and	O
its	O
levels	O
in	O
the	O
blood	O
and	O
an	O
elevation	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
potassium	B-Chemical
level	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
acute	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
administration	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
polydipsia	B-Disease
and	O
polyuria	B-Disease
might	O
relieve	O
these	O
patients	O
but	O
prolonged	O
amiloride	B-Chemical
supplementation	O
would	O
result	O
in	O
elevated	O
lithium	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
might	O
be	O
hazardous	O
.	O

Cardiovascular	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
treatment	O
for	O
preterm	B-Disease
labor	I-Disease
.	O

Severe	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
eight	O
of	O
160	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
terbutaline	B-Chemical
for	O
preterm	B-Disease
labor	I-Disease
.	O

Associated	O
corticosteroid	O
therapy	O
and	O
twin	O
gestations	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
predisposing	O
factors	O
.	O

Potential	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
the	O
pathophysiology	O
are	O
briefly	O
discussed	O
.	O

Toxic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
antithyroid	O
drugs	O
:	O
four	O
cases	O
including	O
one	O
with	O
cross	O
-	O
reactivity	O
between	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
and	O
benzylthiouracil	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
occurrence	O
of	O
hepatic	B-Disease
adverse	I-Disease
effects	I-Disease
encountered	O
with	O
antithyroid	O
drugs	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Retrospective	O
review	O
of	O
medical	O
records	O
of	O
236	O
patients	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
admitted	O
in	O
our	O
department	O
(	O
in	O
-	O
or	O
out	O
-	O
patients	O
)	O
from	O
1986	O
to	O
1992	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Four	O
patients	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
identified	O
with	O
toxic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
which	O
could	O
reasonably	O
be	O
attributed	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
antithyroid	O
agent	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
had	O
a	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
(	O
N	B-Chemical
omercazole	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Two	O
others	O
had	O
a	O
mixed	O
(	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
and	O
cytolytic	O
)	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
following	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
.	O

One	O
of	O
the	O
latter	O
two	O
patients	O
further	O
experienced	O
a	O
cytolytic	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
which	O
appeared	O
after	O
Benzylthiouracil	B-Chemical
(	O
Basd	B-Chemical
ne	I-Chemical
)	O
had	O
replaced	O
carbimazole	B-Chemical
.	O

Biological	O
features	O
of	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
disappeared	O
in	O
all	O
cases	O
after	O
cessation	O
of	O
the	O
incriminated	O
drug	O
,	O
while	O
biliary	O
,	O
viral	O
and	O
immunological	O
searches	O
were	O
negative	O
.	O

Only	O
2	O
patients	O
of	O
our	O
retrospective	O
study	O
experienced	O
a	O
mild	O
or	O
severe	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Toxic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
potential	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
antithyroid	O
drugs	O
which	O
warrants	O
,	O
as	O
for	O
haematological	O
disturbances	O
,	O
a	O
pre	O
-	O
therapeutic	O
determination	O
and	O
a	O
careful	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
relevant	O
biological	O
markers	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
may	O
not	O
be	O
restricted	O
to	O
one	O
class	O
of	O
antithyroid	O
agents	O
.	O

Interactive	O
effects	O
of	O
variations	O
in	O
[	O
Na	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
and	O
[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
on	O
rat	O
atrial	O
spontaneous	O
frequency	O
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
varying	O
the	O
extracellular	O
concentrations	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
and	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
[	O
Na	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
and	O
[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
)	O
on	O
both	O
,	O
the	O
spontaneous	O
beating	O
and	O
the	O
negative	O
chronotropic	O
action	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
,	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
the	O
isolated	O
rat	O
atria	O
.	O

Basal	O
frequency	O
(	O
BF	O
)	O
evaluated	O
by	O
surface	O
electrogram	O
was	O
223	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
beats	O
/	O
min	O
.	O
in	O
control	O
Krebs	O
-	O
Ringer	O
containing	O
137	O
mM	O
Na	B-Chemical
and	O
1	O
.	O
35	O
mM	O
Ca	B-Chemical
(	O
N	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
decreased	O
by	O
16	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
%	O
by	O
lowering	O
[	O
Na	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
to	O
78	O
mM	O
(	O
LNa	O
)	O
,	O
23	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
%	O
by	O
lowering	O
simultaneously	O
[	O
Na	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
to	O
78	O
mM	O
and	O
[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
to	O
0	O
.	O
675	O
mM	O
(	O
LNa	O
+	O
LCa	O
)	O
and	O
31	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
%	O
by	O
lowering	O
[	O
Na	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
to	O
78	O
mM	O
plus	O
increasing	O
[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
mM	O
(	O
LNa	O
+	O
HCa	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
normal	O
[	O
Na	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
,	O
decrease	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
675	O
mM	O
)	O
or	O
increase	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
mM	O
)	O
of	O
[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
did	O
not	O
modify	O
BF	O
;	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
ten	O
times	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
135	O
mM	O
of	O
normal	O
[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
was	O
effective	O
to	O
reduce	O
BF	O
by	O
40	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
%	O
.	O

All	O
negative	O
chronotropic	O
effects	O
were	O
BF	O
-	O
dependent	O
.	O

Dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
was	O
potentiated	O
by	O
LNa	O
,	O
LCa	O
,	O
and	O
HCa	O
.	O

Independent	O
but	O
not	O
additive	O
effects	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
and	O
Ca	B-Chemical
are	O
shown	O
by	O
decreases	O
in	O
the	O
values	O
of	O
[	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
needed	O
to	O
reduce	O
BF	O
by	O
30	O
%	O
(	O
IC30	O
)	O
with	O
the	O
following	O
order	O
of	O
inhibitory	O
potency	O
:	O
LNa	O
>	O
LCa	O
>	O
HCa	O
>	O
N	O
,	O
resulting	O
LNa	O
+	O
HCa	O
similar	O
to	O
LNa	O
.	O

The	O
[	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
that	O
arrested	O
atrial	O
beating	O
(	O
AC	O
)	O
was	O
also	O
potentiated	O
with	O
the	O
order	O
LNa	O
=	O
LNa	O
+	O
LCa	O
=	O
LNa	O
+	O
HCa	O
=	O
LCa	O
>	O
HCa	O
=	O
N	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
rat	O
atrial	O
spontaneous	O
beating	O
is	O
more	O
dependent	O
on	O
[	O
Na	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
than	O
on	O
[	O
Ca	B-Chemical
]	O
o	O
in	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
their	O
normal	O
concentration	O
.	O

Also	O
the	O
enhancement	O
of	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
effects	O
on	O
atrial	O
beating	O
was	O
more	O
pronounced	O
at	O
LNa	O
than	O
at	O
LCa	O
.	O
(	O
ABSTRACT	O
TRUNCATED	O
AT	O
250	O
WORDS	O
)	O

Pseudo	O
-	O
allergic	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
to	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
:	O
diagnosis	O
and	O
alternatives	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
parenteral	O
paramethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
Triniol	O
)	O
and	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
Sedionbel	O
)	O
are	O
described	O
.	O

A	O
few	O
minutes	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
drugs	O
,	O
they	O
presented	O
urticaria	B-Disease
(	O
patients	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
)	O
and	O
conjunctivitis	B-Disease
(	O
patient	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
our	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
'	O
reactions	O
,	O
the	O
immunological	O
mechanisms	O
involved	O
and	O
whether	O
these	O
patients	O
would	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
tolerate	O
any	O
kind	O
of	O
corticoid	O
.	O

Clinical	O
examinations	O
and	O
skin	O
,	O
oral	O
and	O
parenteral	O
challenges	O
with	O
different	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
and	O
ELISA	O
tests	O
were	O
performed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
two	O
patients	O
,	O
skin	O
and	O
ELISA	O
tests	O
with	O
paramethasone	B-Chemical
were	O
negative	O
,	O
as	O
was	O
the	O
prick	O
test	O
with	O
each	O
of	O
its	O
excipients	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
-	O
blind	O
parenteral	O
challenge	O
with	O
Triniol	O
was	O
positive	O
in	O
both	O
patients	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
1	O
ml	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
,	O
and	O
negative	O
with	O
its	O
excipients	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
carried	O
out	O
oral	O
and	O
parenteral	O
challenges	O
with	O
other	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
and	O
found	O
intolerance	O
to	O
some	O
of	O
them	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
paramethasone	B-Chemical
caused	O
pseudoallergic	O
reactions	O
in	O
our	O
patients	O
.	O

Corticosteroids	O
different	O
from	O
paramethasone	B-Chemical
also	O
produced	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
reactions	O
in	O
these	O
patients	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
a	O
few	O
of	O
them	O
were	O
tolerated	O
.	O

The	O
basic	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
those	O
reactions	O
are	O
not	O
yet	O
fully	O
understood	O
.	O

To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
pseudo	O
-	O
allergy	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
paramethasone	B-Chemical
.	O

Study	O
of	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
B12	I-Chemical
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
supplementation	O
in	O
preventing	O
hematologic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
B12	I-Chemical
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
supplementation	O
in	O
preventing	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
(	O
ZDV	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
suppression	I-Disease
.	O

Seventy	O
-	O
five	O
human	B-Disease
immunodeficiency	I-Disease
virus	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
HIV	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
infected	I-Disease
patients	O
with	O
CD4	O
+	O
cell	O
counts	O
<	O
500	O
/	O
mm3	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
either	O
ZDV	B-Chemical
(	O
500	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
alone	O
(	O
group	O
I	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
38	O
)	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
15	O
mg	O
daily	O
)	O
and	O
intramascular	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
B12	I-Chemical
(	O
1000	O
micrograms	O
monthly	O
)	O
(	O
group	O
II	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
37	O
)	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
15	O
patients	O
were	O
excluded	O
from	O
the	O
study	O
(	O
noncompliance	O
14	O
,	O
death	B-Disease
1	O
)	O
;	O
thus	O
,	O
60	O
patients	O
(	O
31	O
in	O
group	O
I	O
and	O
29	O
in	O
group	O
II	O
)	O
were	O
eligible	O
for	O
analysis	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
groups	O
were	O
found	O
at	O
enrollment	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
study	O
,	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
B12	I-Chemical
and	O
folate	B-Chemical
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
higher	O
in	O
group	O
II	O
patients	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
no	O
differences	O
in	O
hemoglobin	O
,	O
hematocrit	O
,	O
mean	O
corpuscular	O
volume	O
,	O
and	O
white	O
-	O
cell	O
,	O
neutrophil	O
and	O
platelet	O
counts	O
were	O
observed	O
between	O
groups	O
at	O
3	O
,	O
6	O
,	O
9	O
and	O
12	O
months	O
.	O

Severe	O
hematologic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
(	O
neutrophil	O
count	O
<	O
1000	O
/	O
mm3	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
hemoglobin	O
<	O
8	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
)	O
occurred	O
in	O
4	O
patients	O
assigned	O
to	O
group	O
I	O
and	O
7	O
assigned	O
to	O
group	O
II	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
correlation	O
between	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
B12	I-Chemical
or	O
folate	B-Chemical
levels	O
and	O
development	O
of	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
.	O

Vitamin	B-Chemical
B12	I-Chemical
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
supplementation	O
of	O
ZDV	B-Chemical
therapy	O
does	O
not	O
seem	O
useful	O
in	O
preventing	O
or	O
reducing	O
ZDV	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myelotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
overall	O
treated	O
population	O
,	O
although	O
a	O
beneficial	O
effect	O
in	O
certain	O
subgroups	O
of	O
patients	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

Safety	O
and	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
of	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
.	O

Controlled	O
study	O
in	O
agoraphobia	B-Disease
with	O
panic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
widespread	O
use	O
of	O
benzodiazepines	B-Chemical
has	O
led	O
to	O
increasing	O
recognition	O
of	O
their	O
unwanted	O
effects	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
of	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
in	O
panic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
with	O
agoraphobia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
and	O
adverse	O
effect	O
profiles	O
of	O
both	O
drug	O
groups	O
were	O
measured	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
In	O
London	O
and	O
Toronto	O
154	O
patients	O
who	O
met	O
DSM	O
-	O
III	O
criteria	O
for	O
panic	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
with	O
agoraphobia	B-Disease
were	O
randomised	O
to	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
or	O
placebo	O
.	O

Subjects	O
in	O
each	O
drug	O
group	O
also	O
received	O
either	O
exposure	O
or	O
relaxation	O
.	O

Treatment	O
was	O
from	O
weeks	O
0	O
to	O
8	O
and	O
was	O
then	O
tapered	O
from	O
weeks	O
8	O
to	O
16	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Mean	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
dose	O
was	O
5	O
mg	O
daily	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
subjects	O
,	O
alprazolam	B-Chemical
patients	O
developed	O
more	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
(	O
21	O
%	O
v	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
of	O
depression	B-Disease
,	O
enuresis	B-Disease
,	O
disinhibition	O
and	O
aggression	B-Disease
;	O
and	O
more	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
,	O
particularly	O
sedation	O
,	O
irritability	B-Disease
,	O
impaired	B-Disease
memory	I-Disease
,	O
weight	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
and	O
ataxia	B-Disease
.	O

Side	O
-	O
effects	O
tended	O
to	O
diminish	O
during	O
treatment	O
but	O
remained	O
significant	O
at	O
week	O
8	O
.	O

Despite	O
this	O
,	O
the	O
drop	O
-	O
out	O
rate	O
was	O
low	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Alprazolam	B-Chemical
caused	O
side	O
-	O
effects	O
and	O
adverse	O
effects	O
during	O
treatment	O
but	O
many	O
patients	O
were	O
willing	O
to	O
accept	O
these	O
.	O

Crescentic	O
fibrillary	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
intermittent	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
tuberculosis	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
case	O
study	O
reveals	O
an	O
unusual	O
finding	O
of	O
rapidly	O
proliferative	O
crescentic	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
who	O
had	O
no	O
other	O
identifiable	O
causes	O
for	O
developing	O
this	O
disease	O
.	O

This	O
patient	O
underwent	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
regimen	O
of	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
and	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
for	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
tuberculosis	I-Disease
and	O
was	O
discovered	O
to	O
have	O
developed	O
signs	O
of	O
severe	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
five	O
weeks	O
after	O
completion	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Renal	O
biopsy	O
revealed	O
severe	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
with	O
crescents	O
,	O
electron	O
dense	O
fibrillar	O
deposits	O
and	O
moderate	O
lymphocytic	O
interstitial	O
infiltrate	O
.	O

Other	O
possible	O
causes	O
of	O
rapidly	O
progressive	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
and	O
ruled	O
out	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
documents	O
the	O
unusual	O
occurrence	O
of	O
rapidly	O
progressive	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
with	O
crescents	O
and	O
fibrillar	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
rifampin	B-Chemical
.	O

Acute	O
confusion	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
infusion	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

A	O
61	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
incorporating	O
cisplatinum	B-Chemical
,	O
etoposide	B-Chemical
,	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
,	O
250	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
24	O
hours	O
)	O
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
for	O
an	O
inoperable	O
gastric	B-Disease
adenocarcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

He	O
developed	O
acute	O
neurologic	O
symptoms	O
of	O
mental	O
confusion	B-Disease
,	O
disorientation	B-Disease
and	O
irritability	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
then	O
lapsed	O
into	O
a	O
deep	O
coma	B-Disease
,	O
lasting	O
for	O
approximately	O
40	O
hours	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
dose	O
(	O
day	O
2	O
)	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

This	O
complication	O
reappeared	O
on	O
day	O
25	O
during	O
the	O
second	O
dose	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
and	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
which	O
were	O
then	O
the	O
only	O
drugs	O
given	O
.	O

Because	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
was	O
unlikely	O
to	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
this	O
condition	O
,	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
was	O
highly	O
suspected	O
.	O

The	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
Krebs	O
cycle	O
blockade	O
by	O
fluoroacetate	B-Chemical
and	O
fluorocitrate	B-Chemical
,	O
thiamine	B-Chemical
deficiency	O
,	O
or	O
dihydrouracil	B-Chemical
dehydrogenase	O
deficiency	O
.	O

High	O
-	O
dose	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
/	O
folinic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
infusion	O
therapy	O
has	O
recently	O
become	O
a	O
popular	O
regimen	O
for	O
various	O
cancers	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
necessary	O
that	O
both	O
oncologists	O
and	O
neurologists	O
be	O
fully	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
unusual	O
complication	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
switching	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
to	O
oxcarbazepine	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
neuroleptics	O
.	O

A	O
case	O
report	O
.	O

Carbamazepine	B-Chemical
was	O
switched	O
to	O
its	O
10	O
-	O
keto	O
analogue	O
oxcarbazepine	B-Chemical
among	O
six	O
difficult	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
treat	O
schizophrenic	B-Disease
or	O
organic	B-Disease
psychotic	I-Disease
patients	O
using	O
concomitantly	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
chlorpromazine	B-Chemical
or	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
change	O
resulted	O
within	O
2	O
-	O
4	O
weeks	O
in	O
the	O
50	O
-	O
200	O
%	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
these	O
neuroleptics	O
and	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
showed	O
any	O
clinical	O
deteriotation	O
during	O
the	O
following	O
3	O
-	O
6	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
case	O
report	O
support	O
the	O
idea	O
that	O
in	O
contrast	O
with	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
oxcarbazepine	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
induce	O
the	O
hepatic	O
microsomal	O
enzyme	O
systems	O
regulating	O
the	O
inactivation	O
of	O
antipsychotic	O
drugs	O
.	O

Time	O
course	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
in	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Reactive	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
species	O
have	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
acute	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
antioxidants	O
significantly	O
reducing	O
the	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
temporal	O
relationship	O
between	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
examined	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
IV	O
injection	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
,	O
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
,	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
24	O
hour	O
urine	O
samples	O
were	O
obtained	O
prior	O
to	O
sacrifice	O
on	O
days	O
3	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
10	O
,	O
17	O
,	O
27	O
,	O
41	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
5	O
-	O
10	O
per	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
kidneys	O
were	O
removed	O
,	O
flushed	O
with	O
ice	O
cold	O
TRIS	O
buffer	O
.	O

Kidney	O
cortices	O
from	O
each	O
animal	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
prepare	O
homogenates	O
.	O

Tissue	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
was	O
measured	O
in	O
whole	O
homogenates	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
lipid	O
extracts	O
from	O
homogenates	O
as	O
thiobarbituric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
reactive	O
substances	O
.	O

Proteinuria	B-Disease
was	O
evident	O
at	O
day	O
5	O
,	O
peaked	O
at	O
day	O
7	O
and	O
persisted	O
to	O
day	O
27	O
.	O

Lipid	O
peroxidation	O
in	O
homogenates	O
was	O
maximal	O
at	O
day	O
3	O
and	O
declined	O
rapidly	O
to	O
control	O
levels	O
by	O
day	O
17	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
supports	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
lipid	O
peroxidation	O
in	O
mediating	O
the	O
proteinuric	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
.	O

Composition	O
of	O
gall	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
stones	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
:	O
response	O
to	O
oral	O
ursodeoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
.	O

Octreotide	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
effective	O
treatment	O
for	O
acromegaly	B-Disease
,	O
induces	O
gall	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
stones	I-Disease
in	O
13	O
-	O
60	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Because	O
knowledge	O
of	O
stone	O
composition	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
studies	O
of	O
their	O
pathogenesis	O
,	O
treatment	O
,	O
and	O
prevention	O
,	O
this	O
was	O
investigated	O
by	O
direct	O
and	O
indirect	O
methods	O
in	O
14	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
treated	O
acromegalic	B-Disease
patients	O
with	O
gall	B-Disease
stones	I-Disease
.	O

Chemical	O
analysis	O
of	O
gall	B-Disease
stones	I-Disease
retrieved	O
at	O
cholecystectomy	O
from	O
two	O
patients	O
,	O
showed	O
that	O
they	O
contained	O
71	O
%	O
and	O
87	O
%	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
by	O
weight	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
remaining	O
12	O
patients	O
,	O
localised	O
computed	O
tomography	O
of	O
the	O
gall	O
bladder	O
showed	O
that	O
eight	O
had	O
stones	O
with	O
maximum	O
attenuation	O
scores	O
of	O
<	O
100	O
Hounsfield	O
units	O
(	O
values	O
of	O
<	O
100	O
HU	O
predict	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
rich	O
,	O
dissolvable	O
stones	O
)	O
.	O

Gall	O
bladder	O
bile	O
was	O
obtained	O
by	O
ultrasound	O
guided	O
,	O
fine	O
needle	O
puncture	O
from	O
six	O
patients	O
.	O

All	O
six	O
patients	O
had	O
supersaturated	O
bile	O
(	O
mean	O
(	O
SEM	O
)	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
saturation	O
index	O
of	O
1	O
.	O
19	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
08	O
)	O
(	O
range	O
1	O
.	O
01	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
53	O
)	O
)	O
and	O
all	O
had	O
abnormally	O
rapid	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
microcrystal	O
nucleation	O
times	O
(	O
<	O
4	O
days	O
(	O
range	O
1	O
-	O
4	O
)	O
)	O
,	O
whilst	O
in	O
four	O
,	O
the	O
bile	O
contained	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
microcrystals	O
immediately	O
after	O
sampling	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
12	O
patients	O
considered	O
for	O
oral	O
ursodeoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
UDCA	B-Chemical
)	O
treatment	O
,	O
two	O
had	O
a	O
blocked	O
cystic	O
duct	O
and	O
were	O
not	O
started	O
on	O
UDCA	B-Chemical
while	O
one	O
was	O
lost	O
to	O
follow	O
up	O
.	O

After	O
one	O
year	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
five	O
of	O
the	O
remaining	O
nine	O
patients	O
showed	O
either	O
partial	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
3	O
)	O
or	O
complete	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
)	O
gall	B-Disease
stone	I-Disease
dissolution	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
their	O
stones	O
were	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
rich	O
.	O

This	O
corresponds	O
,	O
by	O
actuarial	O
(	O
life	O
table	O
)	O
analysis	O
,	O
to	O
a	O
combined	O
gall	B-Disease
stone	I-Disease
dissolution	O
rate	O
of	O
58	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
15	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
induced	O
gall	B-Disease
stones	I-Disease
are	O
generally	O
small	O
,	O
multiple	O
,	O
and	O
cholesterol	B-Chemical
rich	O
although	O
,	O
in	O
common	O
with	O
spontaneous	O
gall	B-Disease
stone	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
,	O
at	O
presentation	O
some	O
patients	O
will	O
have	O
a	O
blocked	O
cystic	O
duct	O
and	O
some	O
gall	B-Disease
stones	I-Disease
containing	O
calcium	B-Chemical
.	O

Erythema	B-Disease
multiforme	I-Disease
and	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
ampicillin	B-Chemical
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
erythema	B-Disease
multiforme	I-Disease
and	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
ampicillin	B-Chemical
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
13	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
ampicillin	B-Chemical
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
because	O
of	O
suspected	O
septicemia	B-Disease
.	O

Medications	O
were	O
discontinued	O
when	O
erythema	B-Disease
multiforme	I-Disease
and	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
methylprednisolone	B-Chemical
and	O
gradually	O
improved	O
.	O

Macrophage	O
-	O
migration	O
inhibition	O
(	O
MIF	O
)	O
test	O
with	O
ampicillin	B-Chemical
was	O
positive	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
After	O
most	O
infections	B-Disease
causing	O
erythema	B-Disease
multiforme	I-Disease
and	O
myocarditis	B-Disease
were	O
ruled	O
out	O
,	O
a	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
allergic	I-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
was	O
suspected	O
.	O

Positive	O
MIF	O
test	O
for	O
ampicillin	B-Chemical
showed	O
sensitization	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
lymphocytes	O
to	O
ampicillin	B-Chemical
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Hypersensitivity	B-Disease
myocarditis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
and	O
dangerous	O
manifestation	O
of	O
allergy	B-Disease
to	O
penicillins	B-Chemical
.	O

Clomipramine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sleep	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
does	O
not	O
impair	O
its	O
prolactin	O
-	O
releasing	O
action	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
sleep	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
,	O
induced	O
by	O
clomipramine	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
secretory	O
rate	O
of	O
prolactin	O
(	O
PRL	O
)	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
direct	O
drug	O
effect	O
.	O

Two	O
groups	O
of	O
supine	O
subjects	O
were	O
studied	O
under	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
conditions	O
,	O
one	O
during	O
the	O
night	O
,	O
when	O
sleeping	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
at	O
daytime	O
,	O
when	O
awake	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
.	O

Each	O
subject	O
received	O
a	O
single	O
50	O
mg	O
dose	O
of	O
clomipramine	B-Chemical
given	O
orally	O
2	O
hours	O
before	O
blood	O
collection	O
.	O

Plasma	O
PRL	O
concentrations	O
were	O
analysed	O
at	O
10	O
min	O
intervals	O
and	O
underlying	O
secretory	O
rates	O
calculated	O
by	O
a	O
deconvolution	O
procedure	O
.	O

For	O
both	O
experiments	O
the	O
drug	O
intake	O
led	O
to	O
significant	O
increases	O
in	O
PRL	O
secretion	O
,	O
acting	O
preferentially	O
on	O
tonic	O
secretion	O
as	O
pulse	O
amplitude	O
and	O
frequency	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
significantly	O
from	O
corresponding	O
control	O
values	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
night	O
clomipramine	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
altered	O
the	O
complete	O
sleep	O
architecture	O
in	O
that	O
it	O
suppressed	O
REM	O
sleep	O
and	O
the	O
sleep	O
cycles	O
and	O
induced	O
increased	O
wakefulness	O
.	O

As	O
the	O
relative	O
increase	O
in	O
PRL	O
secretion	O
expressed	O
as	O
a	O
percentage	O
of	O
the	O
mean	O
did	O
not	O
significantly	O
differ	O
between	O
the	O
night	O
and	O
day	O
time	O
studies	O
(	O
46	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
19	O
%	O
vs	O
34	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
concluded	O
that	O
the	O
observed	O
sleep	B-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
did	O
not	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
drug	O
action	O
per	O
se	O
.	O

The	O
presence	O
of	O
REM	O
sleep	O
was	O
shown	O
not	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
determining	O
factor	O
either	O
for	O
secretory	O
pulse	O
amplitude	O
and	O
frequency	O
,	O
as	O
,	O
for	O
both	O
,	O
mean	O
nocturnal	O
values	O
were	O
similar	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
prior	O
clomipramine	B-Chemical
ingestion	O
.	O

Survey	O
of	O
complications	O
of	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
angiography	O
in	O
Japan	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
We	O
evaluated	O
the	O
safety	O
of	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
for	O
use	O
in	O
fundus	O
angiography	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
sent	O
a	O
questionnaire	O
concerning	O
complications	O
of	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
to	O
32	O
institutions	O
in	O
Japan	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
selected	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
the	O
client	O
list	O
from	O
the	O
Topcon	O
Company	O
,	O
which	O
manufactures	O
the	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
fundus	O
camera	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Ophthalmologists	O
at	O
15	O
institutions	O
responded	O
,	O
reporting	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
3	O
,	O
774	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
angiograms	O
performed	O
on	O
2	O
,	O
820	O
patients	O
between	O
June	O
1984	O
and	O
September	O
1992	O
.	O

Before	O
angiography	O
,	O
intradermal	O
or	O
intravenous	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
testing	O
,	O
or	O
both	O
was	O
performed	O
at	O
13	O
of	O
15	O
institutions	O
.	O

For	O
three	O
patients	O
,	O
the	O
decision	O
was	O
made	O
not	O
to	O
proceed	O
with	O
angiography	O
after	O
positive	O
preangiographic	O
testing	O
.	O

The	O
dosage	O
of	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
used	O
for	O
angiography	O
varied	O
from	O
25	O
to	O
75	O
mg	O
,	O
depending	O
upon	O
the	O
institution	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
13	O
cases	O
of	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
34	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
ten	O
of	O
which	O
were	O
mild	O
reactions	O
such	O
as	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
exanthema	B-Disease
,	O
urtication	B-Disease
,	O
itchiness	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
urgency	O
to	O
defecate	O
,	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
require	O
treatment	O
.	O

Also	O
recorded	O
were	O
one	O
case	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
vein	O
,	O
which	O
required	O
treatment	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
cases	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
two	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
patients	O
required	O
treatment	O
for	O
shock	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
A	O
comparison	O
of	O
frequency	O
of	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
to	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
with	O
the	O
previously	O
reported	O
frequency	O
of	O
such	O
reactions	O
to	O
fluorescein	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
indicated	O
that	O
indocyanine	B-Chemical
green	I-Chemical
is	O
a	O
safe	O
as	O
fluorescein	B-Chemical
for	O
use	O
in	O
angiography	O
.	O

Angioedema	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
72	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
with	O
"	O
flash	O
"	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
,	O
preceded	O
by	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
,	O
requiring	O
intubation	O
.	O

Her	O
medical	O
history	O
included	O
coronary	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
with	O
previous	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarctions	I-Disease
,	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
diabetes	B-Disease
mellitus	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
history	O
of	O
angioedema	B-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
lisinopril	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
elicited	O
.	O

Current	O
medications	O
did	O
not	O
include	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitors	O
or	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
.	O

She	O
had	O
no	O
previous	O
beta	O
-	O
blocking	O
drug	O
exposure	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
hospitalization	O
(	O
while	O
intubated	O
)	O
,	O
intravenous	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
severe	O
angioedema	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
angioedema	B-Disease
resolved	O
after	O
therapy	O
with	O
intravenous	O
steroids	B-Chemical
and	O
diphenhydramine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
coniine	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
developing	O
chick	O
embryo	O
.	O

Coniine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
alkaloid	O
from	O
Conium	O
maculatum	O
(	O
poison	O
hemlock	O
)	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
teratogenic	O
in	O
livestock	O
.	O

The	O
major	O
teratogenic	O
outcome	O
is	O
arthrogryposis	B-Disease
,	O
presumably	O
due	O
to	O
nicotinic	O
receptor	O
blockade	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
coniine	B-Chemical
has	O
failed	O
to	O
produce	O
arthrogryposis	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
or	O
mice	O
and	O
is	O
only	O
weakly	O
teratogenic	O
in	O
rabbits	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
and	O
compare	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
coniine	B-Chemical
and	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
developing	O
chick	O
.	O

Concentrations	O
of	O
coniine	B-Chemical
and	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
sulfate	O
were	O
0	O
.	O
015	O
%	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
%	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
075	O
%	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
15	O
%	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
%	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
,	O
3	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
6	O
%	O
and	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
5	O
%	O
,	O
and	O
10	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Both	O
compounds	O
caused	O
deformations	B-Disease
and	O
lethality	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

All	O
concentrations	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
sulfate	O
caused	O
some	O
lethality	O
but	O
a	O
no	O
effect	O
level	O
for	O
coniine	B-Chemical
lethality	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
%	O
.	O

The	O
deformations	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
both	O
coniine	B-Chemical
and	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
sulfate	O
were	O
excessive	B-Disease
flexion	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
extension	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
one	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
more	I-Disease
toes	I-Disease
.	O

No	O
histopathological	O
alterations	O
or	O
differences	O
in	O
bone	O
formation	O
were	O
seen	O
in	O
the	O
limbs	O
or	O
toes	O
of	O
any	O
chicks	O
from	O
any	O
group	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
extensive	O
cranial	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
all	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
sulfate	O
-	O
treated	O
chicks	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
decrease	O
in	O
movement	O
in	O
coniine	B-Chemical
and	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
sulfate	O
treated	O
chicks	O
as	O
determined	O
by	O
ultrasound	O
.	O

Control	O
chicks	O
were	O
in	O
motion	O
an	O
average	O
of	O
33	O
.	O
67	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
while	O
coniine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
chicks	O
were	O
only	O
moving	O
8	O
.	O
95	O
%	O
of	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
min	O
interval	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
movement	O
was	O
observed	O
for	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
sulfate	O
treated	O
chicks	O
.	O

In	O
summary	O
,	O
the	O
chick	O
embryo	O
provides	O
a	O
reliable	O
and	O
simple	O
experimental	O
animal	O
model	O
of	O
coniine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
arthrogryposis	B-Disease
.	O

Data	O
from	O
this	O
model	O
support	O
a	O
mechanism	O
involving	O
nicotinic	O
receptor	O
blockade	O
with	O
subsequent	O
decreased	O
fetal	O
movement	O
.	O

Immediate	O
allergic	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
to	O
amoxicillin	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
large	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
suspected	O
allergic	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
to	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lactam	I-Chemical
antibiotics	O
was	O
evaluated	O
.	O

A	O
detailed	O
clinical	O
history	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
skin	O
tests	O
,	O
RAST	O
(	O
radioallergosorbent	O
test	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
controlled	O
challenge	O
tests	O
,	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
establish	O
whether	O
patients	O
allergic	B-Disease
to	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lactam	I-Chemical
antibiotics	O
had	O
selective	O
immediate	O
allergic	B-Disease
responses	O
to	O
amoxicillin	B-Chemical
(	O
AX	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
were	O
cross	O
-	O
reacting	O
with	O
other	O
penicillin	B-Chemical
derivatives	O
.	O

Skin	O
tests	O
were	O
performed	O
with	O
benzylpenicilloyl	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
poly	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lysine	I-Chemical
(	O
BPO	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
PLL	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
benzylpenicilloate	B-Chemical
,	O
benzylpenicillin	B-Chemical
(	O
PG	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
ampicillin	B-Chemical
(	O
AMP	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
AX	B-Chemical
.	O

RAST	O
for	O
BPO	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
PLL	I-Chemical
and	O
AX	B-Chemical
-	O
PLL	O
was	O
done	O
.	O

When	O
both	O
skin	O
test	O
and	O
RAST	O
for	O
BPO	B-Chemical
were	O
negative	O
,	O
single	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
challenge	O
tests	O
were	O
done	O
to	O
ensure	O
tolerance	O
of	O
PG	B-Chemical
or	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
AX	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
177	O
patients	O
were	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
allergic	B-Disease
to	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
lactam	I-Chemical
antibiotics	O
.	O

We	O
selected	O
the	O
54	O
(	O
30	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
cases	O
of	O
immediate	O
AX	B-Chemical
allergy	B-Disease
with	O
good	O
tolerance	O
of	O
PG	B-Chemical
.	O

Anaphylaxis	B-Disease
was	O
seen	O
in	O
37	O
patients	O
(	O
69	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
other	O
17	O
(	O
31	O
%	O
)	O
having	O
urticaria	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
angioedema	B-Disease
.	O

All	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
skin	O
test	O
negative	O
to	O
BPO	B-Chemical
;	O
49	O
of	O
51	O
(	O
96	O
%	O
)	O
were	O
also	O
negative	O
to	O
MDM	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
44	O
of	O
46	O
(	O
96	O
%	O
)	O
to	O
PG	B-Chemical
.	O

Skin	O
tests	O
with	O
AX	B-Chemical
were	O
positive	O
in	O
34	O
(	O
63	O
%	O
)	O
patients	O
.	O

RAST	O
was	O
positive	O
for	O
AX	B-Chemical
in	O
22	O
patients	O
(	O
41	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
to	O
BPO	B-Chemical
in	O
just	O
5	O
(	O
9	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
sera	O
with	O
negative	O
RAST	O
for	O
AX	B-Chemical
were	O
positive	O
to	O
BPO	B-Chemical
.	O

Challenge	O
tests	O
with	O
AX	B-Chemical
were	O
performed	O
in	O
23	O
subjects	O
(	O
43	O
%	O
)	O
to	O
establish	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
immediate	O
allergic	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
to	O
AX	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
in	O
15	O
cases	O
(	O
28	O
%	O
)	O
both	O
skin	O
test	O
and	O
RAST	O
for	O
AX	B-Chemical
were	O
negative	O
.	O

PG	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
by	O
all	O
54	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
the	O
largest	O
group	O
of	O
AX	B-Chemical
-	O
allergic	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
have	O
tolerated	O
PG	B-Chemical
reported	O
so	O
far	O
.	O

Diagnosis	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
can	O
be	O
achieved	O
only	O
if	O
specific	O
AX	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
reagents	O
are	O
employed	O
.	O

Further	O
studies	O
are	O
necessary	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
exact	O
extent	O
of	O
this	O
problem	O
and	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
efficacy	O
of	O
diagnostic	O
methods	O
.	O

Reversal	O
by	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
of	O
the	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
of	O
intravenous	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
reduce	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
elevation	O
during	O
acute	B-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
,	O
an	O
effect	O
potentiated	O
in	O
the	O
dog	O
by	O
agents	O
that	O
reverse	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Our	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
combined	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
and	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Ten	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	O
transmural	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarctions	I-Disease
received	O
intravenous	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
,	O
sufficient	O
to	O
reduce	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
from	O
107	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
to	O
85	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
mm	O
Hg	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
for	O
60	O
minutes	O
.	O

Left	O
ventricular	O
filling	O
pressure	O
decreased	O
from	O
19	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
to	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
mm	O
Hg	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

SigmaST	O
,	O
the	O
sum	O
of	O
ST	O
-	O
segment	O
elevations	O
in	O
16	O
precordial	O
leads	O
,	O
decreased	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
with	O
intravenous	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
.	O

Subsequent	O
addition	O
of	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
sufficient	O
to	O
re	O
-	O
elevate	O
mean	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
to	O
106	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
mm	O
Hg	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
for	O
30	O
minutes	O
,	O
increased	O
left	O
ventricular	O
filling	O
pressure	O
to	O
17	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
mm	O
Hg	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
and	O
also	O
significantly	O
increased	O
sigmaST	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
addition	O
of	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
to	O
nitroglycerin	B-Chemical
is	O
not	O
beneficial	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
myocardial	I-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Acetazolamide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
:	O
implications	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
neuromuscular	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Carbonic	O
anhydrase	O
inhibitors	O
can	O
cause	O
nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
studied	O
20	O
patients	O
receiving	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
carbonic	O
anhydrase	O
inhibitor	O
treatment	O
for	O
periodic	O
paralysis	B-Disease
and	O
myotonia	B-Disease
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
on	O
acetazolamide	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
renal	B-Disease
calculi	I-Disease
.	O

Extracorporeal	O
lithotripsy	O
successfully	O
removed	O
a	O
renal	B-Disease
calculus	I-Disease
in	O
one	O
patient	O
and	O
surgery	O
removed	O
a	O
staghorn	O
calculus	B-Disease
in	O
another	O
,	O
permitting	O
continued	O
treatment	O
.	O

Renal	O
function	O
remained	O
normal	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

Nephrolithiasis	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
complication	O
of	O
acetazolamide	B-Chemical
but	O
does	O
not	O
preclude	O
its	O
use	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
on	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
on	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

For	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
three	O
tested	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
(	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
and	O
bepridil	B-Chemical
)	O
6	O
groups	O
of	O
mice	O
were	O
treated	O
by	O
two	O
different	O
doses	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
or	O
an	O
equal	O
volume	O
of	O
saline	O
for	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
20	O
)	O
;	O
15	O
minutes	O
later	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
animals	O
were	O
injected	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
dose	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
convulsant	O
activity	O
,	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
latency	O
to	O
convulse	O
and	O
the	O
mortality	O
rate	O
were	O
assessed	O
in	O
each	O
group	O
.	O

The	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
-	O
induced	O
mortality	O
was	O
significantly	O
increased	O
by	O
the	O
three	O
different	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
.	O

The	O
convulsant	O
activity	O
of	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
significantly	O
modified	O
but	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
decreased	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
latency	O
to	O
obtain	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
;	O
this	O
effect	O
was	O
less	O
pronounced	O
with	O
bepridil	B-Chemical
.	O

Epidural	O
blood	O
flow	O
during	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E1	I-Chemical
or	O
trimethaphan	B-Chemical
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E1	I-Chemical
(	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
trimethaphan	B-Chemical
(	O
TMP	B-Chemical
)	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
on	O
epidural	O
blood	O
flow	O
(	O
EBF	O
)	O
during	O
spinal	O
surgery	O
,	O
EBF	O
was	O
measured	O
using	O
the	O
heat	O
clearance	O
method	O
in	O
30	O
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
postero	O
-	O
lateral	O
interbody	O
fusion	O
under	O
isoflurane	B-Chemical
anaesthesia	O
.	O

An	O
initial	O
dose	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
microgram	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
of	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
10	O
micrograms	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
of	O
TMP	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
patients	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
intravenously	O
after	O
the	O
dural	O
opening	O
and	O
the	O
dose	O
was	O
adjusted	O
to	O
maintain	O
the	O
mean	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
at	O
about	O
60	O
mmHg	O
.	O

The	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
drug	O
was	O
discontinued	O
at	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
the	O
operative	O
procedure	O
.	O

After	O
starting	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
or	O
TMP	B-Chemical
,	O
MAP	O
and	O
rate	O
pressure	O
product	O
(	O
RPP	O
)	O
decreased	O
significantly	O
compared	O
with	O
preinfusion	O
values	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
remained	O
constant	O
until	O
60	O
min	O
after	O
its	O
discontinuation	O
.	O

Heart	O
rate	O
(	O
HR	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
in	O
either	O
group	O
.	O

EBFF	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
during	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
infusion	O
whereas	O
in	O
the	O
TMP	B-Chemical
group	O
,	O
EBF	O
decreased	O
significantly	O
at	O
30	O
and	O
60	O
min	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
TMP	B-Chemical
(	O
preinfusion	O
:	O
45	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
.	O
9	O
ml	O
/	O
100g	O
/	O
min	O
.	O
30	O
min	O
:	O
32	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
9	O
ml	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
/	O
min	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O
60	O
min	O
:	O
30	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
ml	O
/	O
100	O
g	O
/	O
min	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
preferable	O
to	O
TMP	B-Chemical
for	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
anaesthesia	O
in	O
spinal	O
surgery	O
because	O
TMP	B-Chemical
decreased	O
EBF	O
.	O

Dup	B-Chemical
753	I-Chemical
prevents	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
appearance	O
of	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndromes	I-Disease
such	O
as	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
,	O
hypoalbuminemia	B-Disease
,	O
hypercholesterolemia	B-Disease
and	O
increase	O
in	O
blood	B-Chemical
nitrogen	I-Chemical
urea	I-Chemical
,	O
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
injection	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
was	O
markedly	O
inhibited	O
by	O
oral	O
administration	O
of	O
Dup	B-Chemical
753	I-Chemical
(	O
losartan	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
a	O
novel	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
1	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
per	O
day	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
suggest	O
a	O
possible	O
involvement	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Neuroplasticity	O
of	O
the	O
adult	O
primate	O
auditory	O
cortex	O
following	O
cochlear	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

Tonotopic	O
organization	O
is	O
an	O
essential	O
feature	O
of	O
the	O
primary	O
auditory	O
area	O
(	O
A1	O
)	O
of	O
primate	O
cortex	O
.	O

In	O
A1	O
of	O
macaque	O
monkeys	O
,	O
low	O
frequencies	O
are	O
represented	O
rostrolaterally	O
and	O
high	O
frequencies	O
are	O
represented	O
caudomedially	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
changes	O
occur	O
in	O
this	O
tonotopic	O
organization	O
following	O
cochlear	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

Under	O
anesthesia	O
,	O
the	O
superior	O
temporal	O
gyrus	O
of	O
adult	O
macaque	O
monkeys	O
was	O
exposed	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
tonotopic	O
organization	O
of	O
A1	O
was	O
mapped	O
using	O
conventional	O
microelectrode	O
recording	O
techniques	O
.	O

Following	O
recovery	O
,	O
the	O
monkeys	O
were	O
selectively	O
deafened	O
for	O
high	O
frequencies	O
using	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
and	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
actual	O
frequencies	O
deafened	O
were	O
determined	O
by	O
the	O
loss	O
of	O
tone	O
-	O
burst	O
elicited	O
auditory	O
brainstem	O
responses	O
.	O

Three	O
months	O
after	O
deafening	O
,	O
A1	O
was	O
remapped	O
.	O

Postmortem	O
cytoarchitectural	O
features	O
identifying	O
A1	O
were	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
electrophysiologic	O
data	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
deprived	O
area	O
of	O
A1	O
undergoes	O
extensive	O
reorganization	O
and	O
becomes	O
responsive	O
to	O
intact	O
cochlear	O
frequencies	O
.	O

The	O
region	O
of	O
cortex	O
that	O
represents	O
the	O
low	O
frequencies	O
was	O
not	O
obviously	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
cochlear	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
alleviates	O
penile	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
intracavernous	O
injections	O
for	O
erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
penile	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
intracorporeal	O
injections	O
could	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
acidity	O
of	O
the	O
medication	O
,	O
we	O
performed	O
a	O
randomized	O
study	O
comparing	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
penile	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
following	O
intracorporeal	O
injections	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
to	O
the	O
intracorporeal	O
medications	O
.	O

A	O
total	O
of	O
38	O
consecutive	O
patients	O
who	O
presented	O
to	O
our	O
clinic	O
with	O
impotence	B-Disease
received	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
ml	O
.	O
of	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
3	O
drugs	O
:	O
6	O
mg	O
.	O
papaverine	B-Chemical
,	O
100	O
micrograms	O
.	O
phentolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
10	O
micrograms	O
.	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E1	I-Chemical
with	O
(	O
pH	O
7	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
or	O
without	O
(	O
pH	O
4	O
.	O
17	O
)	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
mEq	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
19	O
patients	O
without	O
sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
added	O
to	O
the	O
medication	O
11	O
(	O
58	O
%	O
)	O
complained	O
of	O
penile	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
the	O
medication	O
,	O
while	O
only	O
1	O
of	O
the	O
19	O
men	O
(	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
received	O
sodium	B-Chemical
bicarbonate	I-Chemical
complained	O
of	O
penile	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

From	O
these	O
data	O
we	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
penile	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
following	O
intracorporeal	O
injections	O
is	O
most	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
acidity	O
of	O
the	O
medication	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
overcome	O
by	O
elevating	O
the	O
pH	O
to	O
a	O
neutral	O
level	O
.	O

The	O
use	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
didanosine	B-Chemical
(	O
ddI	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
HIV	B-Disease
antibody	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
positive	I-Disease
individuals	O
intolerant	O
to	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O

One	O
hundred	O
and	O
fifty	O
-	O
one	O
patients	O
intolerant	O
to	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
received	O
didanosine	B-Chemical
(	O
ddI	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
a	O
maximum	O
dose	O
of	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
.	O

Patient	O
response	O
was	O
assessed	O
using	O
changes	O
in	O
CD4	O
+	O
lymphocyte	O
subset	O
count	O
,	O
HIV	O
p24	O
antigen	O
,	O
weight	O
,	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

Seventy	O
patients	O
developed	O
major	O
opportunistic	B-Disease
infections	I-Disease
whilst	O
on	O
therapy	O
;	O
this	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
AIDS	B-Disease
diagnosis	O
in	O
17	O
.	O

Only	O
minor	O
changes	O
in	O
CD4	O
+	O
lymphocyte	O
subset	O
count	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
AIDS	B-Disease
patients	O
,	O
although	O
a	O
more	O
significant	O
rise	O
occurred	O
in	O
those	O
with	O
earlier	O
stages	O
of	O
disease	O
.	O

Of	O
those	O
positive	O
for	O
p24	O
antigen	O
at	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
67	O
%	O
showed	O
a	O
positive	O
response	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
was	O
most	O
likely	O
in	O
those	O
with	O
CD4	O
+	O
lymphocyte	O
subset	O
counts	O
above	O
100	O
mm3	O
.	O

A	O
positive	O
weight	O
response	O
was	O
seen	O
in	O
16	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Most	O
patients	O
showed	O
improvement	O
in	O
individual	O
parameters	O
and	O
global	O
score	O
of	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

Adverse	O
reactions	O
possibly	O
attributable	O
to	O
didanosine	B-Chemical
were	O
common	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
was	O
diarrhoea	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
resulted	O
in	O
cessation	O
of	O
therapy	O
in	O
19	O
individuals	O
.	O

Peripheral	B-Disease
neuropathy	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
12	O
patients	O
and	O
pancreatitis	B-Disease
in	O
six	O
.	O

Thirteen	O
patients	O
developed	O
a	O
raised	O
serum	O
amylase	O
without	O
abdominal	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Seven	O
patients	O
developed	O
glucose	B-Disease
tolerance	I-Disease
curves	I-Disease
characteristic	O
of	O
diabetes	B-Disease
but	O
these	O
were	O
mild	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
require	O
treatment	O
and	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
on	O
ceasing	O
didanosine	B-Chemical
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
studies	O
with	O
antibodies	O
to	O
neurofilament	O
proteins	O
on	O
axonal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
experimental	O
focal	O
lesions	O
in	O
rat	O
.	O

Immunohistochemistry	O
with	O
monoclonal	O
antibodies	O
against	O
neurofilament	O
(	O
NF	O
)	O
proteins	O
of	O
middle	O
and	O
high	O
molecular	O
weight	O
class	O
,	O
NF	O
-	O
M	O
and	O
NF	O
-	O
H	O
,	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
study	O
axonal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
borderzone	O
of	O
focal	O
lesions	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Focal	O
injury	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
cortex	I-Disease
was	O
produced	O
by	O
infusion	O
of	O
lactate	B-Chemical
at	O
acid	O
pH	O
or	O
by	O
stab	O
caused	O
by	O
needle	O
insertion	O
.	O

Infarcts	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
substantia	I-Disease
nigra	I-Disease
pars	I-Disease
reticulata	I-Disease
were	O
evoked	O
by	O
prolonged	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
.	O

Immunohistochemical	O
staining	O
for	O
NFs	O
showed	O
characteristic	O
terminal	O
clubs	O
of	O
axons	O
in	O
the	O
borderzone	O
of	O
lesions	O
.	O

Differences	O
in	O
the	O
labelling	O
pattern	O
occurred	O
with	O
different	O
antibodies	O
which	O
apparently	O
depended	O
on	O
molecular	O
weight	O
class	O
of	O
NFs	O
and	O
phosphorylation	O
state	O
.	O

These	O
immunohistochemical	O
changes	O
of	O
NFs	O
can	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
marker	O
for	O
axonal	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
various	O
experimental	O
traumatic	B-Disease
or	O
ischemic	O
lesions	O
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
mental	O
confusion	B-Disease
.	O

15	O
cases	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
mental	O
confusion	B-Disease
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

In	O
order	O
that	O
this	O
syndrome	O
might	O
be	O
investigated	O
changes	O
in	O
mental	O
status	O
(	O
M	O
.	O
S	O
.	O
)	O
were	O
correlated	O
with	O
serum	O
concentrations	O
and	O
renal	O
and	O
hepatic	O
function	O
in	O
36	O
patients	O
,	O
30	O
patients	O
had	O
no	O
M	O
.	O
S	O
.	O
change	O
on	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
and	O
6	O
had	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
changes	O
.	O

These	O
6	O
patients	O
had	O
both	O
renal	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
liver	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
trough	O
-	O
concentrations	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
1	O
.	O
25	O
microgram	O
/	O
ml	O
(	O
P	O
less	O
than	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
severity	O
of	O
M	O
.	O
S	O
.	O
changes	O
increased	O
as	O
trough	O
-	O
concentrations	O
rose	O
,	O
5	O
patients	O
had	O
lumbar	O
puncture	O
.	O

The	O
cerebrospinal	O
fluid	O
:	O
serum	O
ratio	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
24	O
:	O
1	O
and	O
indicates	O
that	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
passes	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
;	O
it	O
also	O
raises	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
M	O
.	O
S	O
.	O
changes	O
are	O
due	O
to	O
blockade	O
of	O
histamine	B-Chemical
H2	O
-	O
receptors	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

Patients	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
both	O
raised	O
trough	O
-	O
concentrations	O
and	O
mental	O
confusion	B-Disease
are	O
those	O
with	O
both	O
severe	O
renal	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

They	O
should	O
be	O
closely	O
observed	O
and	O
should	O
be	O
given	O
reduced	O
doses	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Prospective	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
effects	O
of	O
somatostatin	O
analog	O
(	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
)	O
on	O
gallbladder	O
function	O
and	O
gallstone	B-Disease
formation	O
in	O
Chinese	O
acromegalic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

This	O
article	O
reports	O
the	O
changes	O
in	O
gallbladder	O
function	O
examined	O
by	O
ultrasonography	O
in	O
20	O
Chinese	O
patients	O
with	O
active	O
acromegaly	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
sc	O
injection	O
of	O
the	O
somatostatin	O
analog	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
in	O
dosages	O
of	O
300	O
-	O
1500	O
micrograms	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
a	O
mean	O
of	O
24	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
.	O
9	O
months	O
.	O

During	O
treatment	O
with	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
,	O
17	O
patients	O
developed	O
sludge	O
,	O
10	O
had	O
gallstones	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
1	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
cholecystitis	I-Disease
requiring	O
surgery	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
of	O
7	O
patients	O
examined	O
acutely	O
,	O
gallbladder	O
contractility	O
was	O
inhibited	O
after	O
a	O
single	O
100	O
-	O
micrograms	O
injection	O
.	O

In	O
8	O
patients	O
followed	O
for	O
24	O
weeks	O
,	O
gallbladder	O
contractility	O
remained	O
depressed	B-Disease
throughout	O
therapy	O
.	O

After	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
in	O
10	O
patients	O
without	O
gallstones	B-Disease
,	O
8	O
patients	O
assessed	O
had	O
return	O
of	O
normal	O
gallbladder	O
contractility	O
within	O
1	O
month	O
.	O

In	O
8	O
of	O
the	O
remaining	O
10	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
gallstones	B-Disease
during	O
treatment	O
,	O
gallbladder	O
contractility	O
normalized	O
in	O
5	O
patients	O
(	O
3	O
of	O
whom	O
has	O
disappearance	O
of	O
their	O
stones	O
within	O
3	O
weeks	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
remained	O
depressed	B-Disease
in	O
3	O
(	O
2	O
of	O
whom	O
had	O
stones	O
present	O
at	O
6	O
months	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
suppression	O
of	O
gallbladder	O
contractility	O
is	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
the	O
successive	O
formation	O
of	O
bile	O
sludge	O
,	O
gallstones	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
cholecystitis	B-Disease
during	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
in	O
Chinese	O
acromegalic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
therefore	O
very	O
important	O
to	O
follow	O
the	O
changes	O
of	O
gallbladder	O
function	O
during	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
therapy	O
of	O
acromegalic	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

Increase	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
disability	I-Disease
after	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
medication	O
.	O

Depression	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
major	O
clinical	O
feature	O
of	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
increased	O
amount	O
of	O
motor	B-Disease
disability	I-Disease
in	O
four	O
patients	O
with	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
Parkinson	I-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
a	O
clinically	O
relevant	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
antagonistic	O
capacity	O
of	O
fluoxetine	B-Chemical
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
must	O
be	O
considered	O
.	O

Sinus	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
continuous	O
-	O
infusion	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
intermittent	O
intravenous	O
infusions	O
of	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
is	O
infrequently	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
bradyarrhythmias	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
40	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
leukemia	B-Disease
and	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
developed	O
recurrent	O
,	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
apparent	O
sinus	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
while	O
receiving	O
continuous	O
-	O
infusion	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
50	O
mg	O
/	O
hour	O
.	O

The	O
arrhythmias	B-Disease
were	O
temporally	O
related	O
to	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
administration	O
,	O
disappeared	O
after	O
dechallenge	O
,	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
recur	O
during	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
of	O
sinus	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
continuous	O
-	O
infusion	O
cimetidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Phase	O
II	O
trial	O
of	O
vinorelbine	B-Chemical
in	O
metastatic	O
squamous	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
esophageal	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

European	O
Organization	O
for	O
Research	O
and	O
Treatment	O
of	O
Cancer	B-Disease
Gastrointestinal	O
Treat	O
Cancer	B-Disease
Cooperative	O
Group	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
response	O
rate	O
and	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
vinorelbine	B-Chemical
(	O
VNB	B-Chemical
)	O
administered	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
agent	O
in	O
metastatic	O
squamous	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
esophageal	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
six	O
eligible	O
patients	O
with	O
measurable	O
lesions	O
were	O
included	O
and	O
were	O
stratified	O
according	O
to	O
previous	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Thirty	O
patients	O
without	O
prior	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
16	O
pretreated	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	O
were	O
assessable	O
for	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
response	O
.	O

VNB	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
weekly	O
as	O
a	O
25	O
-	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
short	O
intravenous	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
infusion	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Six	O
of	O
30	O
patients	O
(	O
20	O
%	O
)	O
without	O
prior	O
chemotherapy	O
achieved	O
a	O
partial	O
response	O
(	O
PR	O
)	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
,	O
8	O
%	O
to	O
39	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
duration	O
of	O
response	O
was	O
21	O
weeks	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
17	O
to	O
28	O
)	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
16	O
patients	O
(	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
with	O
prior	O
chemotherapy	O
had	O
a	O
complete	O
response	O
(	O
CR	O
)	O
of	O
31	O
weeks	O
'	O
duration	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
0	O
%	O
to	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
(	O
World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
[	O
WHO	O
]	O
criteria	O
)	O
was	O
15	O
%	O
(	O
CR	O
,	O
2	O
%	O
;	O
PR	O
13	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
,	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
29	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
dose	O
-	O
intensity	O
(	O
DI	O
)	O
was	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
wk	O
.	O

VNB	B-Chemical
was	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
zero	O
instances	O
of	O
WHO	O
grade	O
4	O
nonhematologic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

At	O
least	O
one	O
episode	O
of	O
grade	O
3	O
or	O
4	O
granulocytopenia	B-Disease
was	O
seen	O
in	O
59	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

A	O
grade	O
2	O
or	O
3	O
infection	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
16	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
toxic	O
deaths	B-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

Other	O
side	O
effects	O
were	O
rare	O
,	O
and	O
peripheral	B-Disease
neurotoxicity	I-Disease
has	O
been	O
minor	O
(	O
26	O
%	O
grade	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
VNB	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
active	O
agent	O
in	O
metastatic	O
esophageal	B-Disease
squamous	I-Disease
cell	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

Given	O
its	O
excellent	O
tolerance	O
profile	O
and	O
low	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
further	O
evaluation	O
of	O
VNB	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
therapy	O
is	O
warranted	O
.	O

Evaluation	O
of	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
of	O
aponidine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
ophthalmic	O
solution	O
.	O

We	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
the	O
adverse	O
reactions	O
of	O
apraclonidine	B-Chemical
in	O
20	O
normal	O
volunteers	O
by	O
instilling	O
a	O
single	O
drop	O
of	O
1	O
%	O
apraclonidine	B-Chemical
in	O
their	O
right	O
eyes	O
.	O

Examinations	O
,	O
including	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
pulse	O
rate	O
,	O
conjunctiva	O
and	O
cornea	O
,	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
(	O
IOP	O
)	O
,	O
pupil	O
diameter	O
,	O
basal	O
tear	O
secretion	O
and	O
margin	O
reflex	O
distance	O
of	O
both	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
eyelids	O
,	O
were	O
performed	O
prior	O
to	O
entry	O
and	O
at	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
5	O
and	O
7	O
hours	O
after	O
instillation	O
.	O

The	O
ocular	B-Disease
hypotensive	I-Disease
effects	O
were	O
statistically	O
significant	O
for	O
apraclonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
eyes	O
throughout	O
the	O
study	O
and	O
also	O
statistically	O
significant	O
for	O
contralateral	O
eyes	O
from	O
three	O
hours	O
after	O
topical	O
administration	O
of	O
1	O
%	O
apraclonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Decreases	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
were	O
statistically	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
clinically	O
,	O
significant	O
.	O

No	O
significant	O
changes	O
in	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
pulse	O
rate	O
and	O
basal	O
tear	O
secretion	O
were	O
noted	O
.	O

Conjunctival	B-Disease
blanching	I-Disease
and	O
mydriasis	B-Disease
were	O
commonly	O
found	O
.	O

Upper	O
lid	O
retraction	O
was	O
frequently	O
noted	O
.	O

While	O
the	O
elevations	O
of	O
the	O
upper	O
lid	O
margin	O
in	O
most	O
subjects	O
were	O
not	O
more	O
than	O
2	O
mm	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
cause	O
noticeable	O
change	O
in	O
appearance	O
,	O
one	O
subject	O
suffered	O
from	O
mechanical	O
entropion	B-Disease
and	O
marked	O
corneal	B-Disease
abrasion	I-Disease
3	O
hours	O
after	O
instillation	O
of	O
the	O
medication	O
.	O

This	O
may	O
well	O
be	O
a	O
particularly	O
notable	O
finding	O
in	O
Asian	O
people	O
.	O

Thiopentone	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
for	O
propofol	B-Chemical
injection	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
ambulatory	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
investigated	O
propofol	B-Chemical
injection	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
ambulatory	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
trial	O
,	O
90	O
women	O
were	O
allocated	O
to	O
receive	O
one	O
of	O
three	O
treatments	O
prior	O
to	O
induction	O
of	O
anaesthesia	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
.	O

Patients	O
in	O
Group	O
C	O
received	O
2	O
ml	O
normal	O
saline	O
,	O
Group	O
L	O
,	O
2	O
ml	O
,	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
2	O
%	O
(	O
40	O
mg	O
)	O
and	O
Group	O
T	O
,	O
2	O
ml	O
thiopentone	B-Chemical
2	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
(	O
50	O
mg	O
)	O
.	O

Venous	O
discomfort	O
was	O
assessed	O
with	O
a	O
visual	O
analogue	O
scale	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
5	O
-	O
15	O
sec	O
after	O
commencing	O
propofol	B-Chemical
administration	O
using	O
an	O
infusion	O
pump	O
(	O
rate	O
1000	O
micrograms	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
.	O

Loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
consciousness	I-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
60	O
-	O
90	O
sec	O
.	O

Visual	O
analogue	O
scores	O
(	O
mean	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SD	O
)	O
during	O
induction	O
were	O
lower	O
in	O
Groups	O
L	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
and	O
T	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
Group	O
C	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
)	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0031	O
.	O

The	O
incidence	O
of	O
venous	O
discomfort	O
was	O
lower	O
in	O
Group	O
L	O
(	O
76	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
Group	O
C	O
(	O
100	O
%	O
)	O
but	O
not	O
different	O
from	O
Group	O
T	O
(	O
90	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
VAS	O
scores	O
for	O
recall	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
recovery	O
room	O
were	O
correlated	O
with	O
the	O
VAS	O
scores	O
during	O
induction	O
(	O
r	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
7045	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

Recovery	O
room	O
discharge	O
times	O
were	O
similar	O
:	O
C	O
(	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
19	O
.	O
4	O
min	O
)	O
;	O
L	O
73	O
.	O
6	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
21	O
.	O
6	O
min	O
)	O
;	O
T	O
(	O
77	O
.	O
1	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
min	O
)	O
.	O

Assessing	O
their	O
overall	O
satisfaction	O
,	O
89	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
would	O
choose	O
propofol	B-Chemical
anaesthesia	O
again	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
reduces	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
injection	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
ambulatory	O
patients	O
whereas	O
thiopentone	B-Chemical
only	O
reduces	O
its	O
severity	O
.	O

Persistent	O
paralysis	B-Disease
after	O
prolonged	O
use	O
of	O
atracurium	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
corticosteroids	O
.	O

Neuromuscular	O
blocking	O
agents	O
(	O
NMBAs	O
)	O
are	O
often	O
used	O
for	O
patients	O
requiring	O
prolonged	O
mechanical	O
ventilation	O
.	O

Reports	O
of	O
persistent	O
paralysis	B-Disease
after	O
the	O
discontinuance	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
have	O
most	O
often	O
involved	O
aminosteroid	O
-	O
based	O
NMBAs	O
such	O
as	O
vecuronium	B-Chemical
bromide	I-Chemical
,	O
especially	O
when	O
used	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
corticosteroids	O
.	O

Atracurium	B-Chemical
besylate	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
short	O
-	O
acting	O
benzylisoquinolinium	B-Chemical
NMBA	O
that	O
is	O
eliminated	O
independently	O
of	O
renal	O
or	O
hepatic	O
function	O
,	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
persistent	O
paralysis	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
only	O
when	O
used	O
with	O
corticosteroids	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
atracurium	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
paralysis	B-Disease
persisting	O
for	O
approximately	O
50	O
hours	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
was	O
not	O
treated	O
with	O
corticosteroids	O
.	O

A	O
phase	O
I	O
/	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
plus	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
as	O
first	O
-	O
line	O
therapy	O
for	O
head	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
cancers	I-Disease
:	O
preliminary	O
results	O
.	O

Improved	O
outcomes	O
among	O
patients	O
with	O
head	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
carcinomas	I-Disease
require	O
investigations	O
of	O
new	O
drugs	O
for	O
induction	O
therapy	O
.	O

Preliminary	O
results	O
of	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
study	O
of	O
single	O
-	O
agent	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
Taxol	B-Chemical
;	O
Bristol	O
-	O
Myers	O
Squibb	O
Company	O
,	O
Princeton	O
,	O
NJ	O
)	O
reported	O
a	O
37	O
%	O
response	O
rate	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
head	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
/	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
combination	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
successfully	O
and	O
has	O
significantly	O
improved	O
median	O
response	O
duration	O
in	O
ovarian	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
.	O

We	O
initiated	O
a	O
phase	O
I	O
/	O
II	O
trial	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
response	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
escalating	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
doses	O
combined	O
with	O
fixed	O
-	O
dose	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
with	O
granulocyte	O
colony	O
-	O
stimulating	O
factor	O
support	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
untreated	O
locally	O
advanced	O
inoperable	O
head	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

To	O
date	O
,	O
23	O
men	O
with	O
a	O
median	O
age	O
of	O
50	O
years	O
and	O
good	O
performance	O
status	O
have	O
entered	O
the	O
trial	O
.	O

Primary	O
tumor	B-Disease
sites	O
were	O
oropharynx	O
,	O
10	O
patients	O
;	O
hypopharynx	O
,	O
four	O
;	O
larynx	O
,	O
two	O
;	O
oral	O
cavity	O
,	O
three	O
;	O
unknown	O
primary	O
,	O
two	O
;	O
and	O
nasal	O
cavity	O
and	O
parotid	O
gland	O
,	O
one	O
each	O
.	O

Of	O
20	O
patients	O
evaluable	O
for	O
toxicity	B-Disease
,	O
four	O
had	O
stage	O
III	O
and	O
16	O
had	O
stage	O
IV	O
disease	O
.	O

Treatment	O
,	O
given	O
every	O
21	O
days	O
for	O
a	O
maximum	O
of	O
three	O
cycles	O
,	O
consisted	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
by	O
3	O
-	O
hour	O
infusion	O
followed	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
by	O
a	O
fixed	O
dose	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
dose	O
levels	O
incorporate	O
escalating	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
doses	O
,	O
and	O
intrapatient	O
escalations	O
within	O
a	O
given	O
dose	O
level	O
are	O
permitted	O
if	O
toxicity	B-Disease
permits	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
this	O
writing	O
,	O
dose	O
level	O
4	O
(	O
260	O
,	O
270	O
,	O
and	O
280	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
)	O
is	O
being	O
evaluated	O
;	O
three	O
patients	O
from	O
this	O
level	O
are	O
evaluable	O
.	O

With	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
doses	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
and	O
higher	O
,	O
granulocyte	O
colony	O
-	O
stimulating	O
factor	O
5	O
micrograms	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
d	O
is	O
given	O
(	O
days	O
4	O
through	O
12	O
)	O
.	O

Of	O
18	O
patients	O
evaluable	O
for	O
response	O
,	O
seven	O
(	O
39	O
%	O
)	O
achieved	O
a	O
complete	O
response	O
and	O
six	O
(	O
33	O
%	O
)	O
achieved	O
a	O
partial	O
response	O
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
had	O
no	O
change	O
and	O
disease	O
progressed	O
in	O
two	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
is	O
72	O
%	O
.	O

Eleven	O
responding	O
patients	O
had	O
subsequent	O
surgery	O
/	O
radiotherapy	O
or	O
radical	O
radiotherapy	O
.	O

Two	O
pathologic	O
complete	O
responses	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
achieved	O
clinical	O
complete	O
responses	O
.	O

Alopecia	B-Disease
,	O
paresthesias	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
arthralgias	B-Disease
/	O
myalgias	B-Disease
have	O
occurred	O
frequently	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
one	O
exception	O
(	O
a	O
grade	O
3	O
myalgia	B-Disease
)	O
they	O
have	O
been	O
grade	O
1	O
or	O
2	O
.	O

No	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
hematologic	O
toxicity	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
seen	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
/	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
effective	O
first	O
-	O
line	O
regimen	O
for	O
locoregionally	O
advanced	O
head	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
neck	I-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
and	O
continued	O
study	O
is	O
warranted	O
.	O

Results	O
thus	O
far	O
suggest	O
no	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
for	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
doses	O
above	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

Improvement	O
of	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
by	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Seven	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
with	O
severely	O
disabling	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
received	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
propranolol	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
adjunct	O
to	O
the	O
currently	O
used	O
medical	O
treatment	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
40	O
%	O
improvement	O
in	O
the	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
score	O
without	O
increase	O
of	O
parkinsonian	B-Disease
motor	B-Disease
disability	I-Disease
.	O

Ballistic	O
and	O
choreic	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
were	O
markedly	O
ameliorated	O
,	O
whereas	O
dystonia	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
suggests	O
that	O
administration	O
of	O
low	O
doses	O
of	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
may	O
improve	O
levodopa	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
ballistic	O
and	O
choreic	O
dyskinesia	B-Disease
in	O
PD	B-Disease
.	O

Habitual	O
use	O
of	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
comparison	O
with	O
phenacetin	B-Chemical
.	O

Six	O
epidemiologic	O
studies	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
Europe	O
indicate	O
that	O
habitual	O
use	O
of	O
phenacetin	B-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
relative	O
risk	O
in	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
4	O
to	O
19	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
these	O
and	O
other	O
studies	O
,	O
phenacetin	B-Chemical
has	O
now	O
been	O
withdrawn	O
from	O
the	O
market	O
in	O
most	O
countries	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
three	O
case	O
control	O
studies	O
,	O
one	O
each	O
in	O
North	O
Carolina	O
,	O
northern	O
Maryland	O
,	O
and	O
West	O
Berlin	O
,	O
Germany	O
,	O
showed	O
that	O
habitual	O
use	O
of	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
is	O
also	O
associated	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
a	O
relative	O
risk	O
in	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
2	O
to	O
4	O
.	O

These	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
both	O
phenacetin	B-Chemical
and	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
burden	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
,	O
with	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
the	O
latter	O
being	O
somewhat	O
less	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
former	O
.	O

This	O
apparent	O
difference	O
in	O
risk	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
due	O
to	O
differences	O
in	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
potential	O
of	O
the	O
drugs	O
themselves	O
.	O

A	O
lower	O
relative	O
risk	O
would	O
be	O
expected	O
for	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
if	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
both	O
drugs	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
analgesics	O
was	O
higher	O
than	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
either	O
agent	O
alone	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
used	O
both	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
agent	O
and	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
other	O
analgesics	O
,	O
whereas	O
phenacetin	B-Chemical
was	O
available	O
only	O
in	O
combinations	O
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
that	O
habitual	O
use	O
of	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
alone	O
increases	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
has	O
not	O
been	O
clearly	O
demonstrated	O
,	O
but	O
cannot	O
be	O
dismissed	O
.	O

Acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
.	O

Through	O
30	O
years	O
of	O
widespread	O
use	O
,	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
remarkably	O
safe	O
medication	O
in	O
therapeutic	O
dosages	O
.	O

The	O
potential	O
for	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
to	O
produce	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
toxicities	I-Disease
is	O
very	O
low	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
demonstrated	O
to	O
produce	O
symptoms	O
of	O
anaphylaxis	B-Disease
,	O
including	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
sensitive	O
individuals	O
.	O

This	O
article	O
describes	O
two	O
critically	B-Disease
ill	I-Disease
patients	O
in	O
whom	O
transient	O
episodes	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
reproducibly	O
developed	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
.	O

Other	O
symptoms	O
of	O
allergic	B-Disease
reactions	I-Disease
were	O
not	O
clinically	O
detectable	O
.	O

The	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
episodes	O
were	O
severe	O
enough	O
to	O
require	O
vasopressor	O
administration	O
.	O

The	O
reports	O
illustrate	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
clinicians	O
to	O
consider	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
hypotension	B-Disease
of	O
unknown	O
origin	O
.	O

Reduction	O
of	O
heparan	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
anionic	O
sites	O
in	O
the	O
glomerular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetic	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
.	O

Heparan	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
anionic	O
sites	O
in	O
the	O
glomerular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
rats	O
8	O
months	O
after	O
induction	O
of	O
diabetes	B-Disease
by	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
and	O
in	O
age	O
-	O
adn	O
sex	O
-	O
matched	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
employing	O
the	O
cationic	O
dye	O
cuprolinic	B-Chemical
blue	I-Chemical
.	O

Morphometric	O
analysis	O
at	O
the	O
ultrastructural	O
level	O
was	O
performed	O
using	O
a	O
computerized	O
image	O
processor	O
.	O

The	O
heparan	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
specificity	O
of	O
the	O
cuprolinic	B-Chemical
blue	I-Chemical
staining	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
glycosaminoglycan	B-Chemical
-	O
degrading	O
enzymes	O
,	O
showing	O
that	O
pretreatment	O
of	O
the	O
sections	O
with	O
heparitinase	O
abolished	O
all	O
staining	O
,	O
whereas	O
chondroitinase	O
ABC	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
of	O
anionic	O
sites	O
(	O
74	O
%	O
in	O
diabetic	B-Disease
and	O
81	O
%	O
in	O
control	O
rats	O
)	O
were	O
found	O
within	O
the	O
lamina	O
rara	O
externa	O
of	O
the	O
glomerular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
.	O

A	O
minority	O
of	O
anionic	O
sites	O
were	O
scattered	O
throughout	O
the	O
lamina	O
densa	O
and	O
lamina	O
rara	O
interna	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
significantly	O
smaller	O
than	O
those	O
in	O
the	O
lamina	O
rara	O
externa	O
of	O
the	O
glomerular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
and	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
for	O
diabetic	B-Disease
and	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
progressively	O
developed	O
albuminuria	B-Disease
reaching	O
40	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
32	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
62	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
mg	O
/	O
24	O
h	O
after	O
8	O
months	O
in	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
control	O
animals	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
8	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
)	O
mg	O
/	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
002	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
heparan	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
anionic	O
sites	O
and	O
the	O
total	O
anionic	O
site	O
surface	O
(	O
number	O
of	O
anionic	O
sites	O
x	O
mean	O
anionic	O
site	O
surface	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
lamina	O
rara	O
externa	O
of	O
the	O
glomerular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
was	O
reduced	O
by	O
19	O
%	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
021	O
)	O
and	O
by	O
26	O
%	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Number	O
and	O
total	O
anionic	O
site	O
surface	O
in	O
the	O
remaining	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
glomerular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
(	O
lamina	O
densa	O
and	O
lamina	O
rara	O
interna	O
)	O
were	O
not	O
significantly	O
changed	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
in	O
streptozotocin	B-Chemical
-	O
diabetic	B-Disease
rats	O
with	O
an	O
increased	O
urinary	O
albumin	O
excretion	O
,	O
a	O
reduced	O
heparan	B-Chemical
sulphate	I-Chemical
charge	O
barrier	O
/	O
density	O
is	O
found	O
at	O
the	O
lamina	O
rara	O
externa	O
of	O
the	O
glomerular	O
basement	O
membrane	O
.	O

Mediation	O
of	O
enhanced	O
reflex	O
vagal	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
by	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
via	O
central	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
formation	O
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Dopa	I-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
decreased	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
after	O
extracerebral	O
decarboxylase	O
inhibition	O
with	O
MK	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
486	I-Chemical
(	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
in	O
anesthetize	O
MAO	B-Chemical
-	O
inhibited	O
dogs	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
reflex	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
injected	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
enhanced	O
by	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
,	O
DL	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Threo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dihydroxyphenylserine	I-Chemical
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
,	O
heart	O
rate	O
or	O
reflex	O
responses	O
to	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

FLA	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
63	I-Chemical
,	O
a	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
-	O
beta	O
-	O
oxidase	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
any	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
or	O
reflex	O
-	O
enhancing	O
effect	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
.	O

Pimozide	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
actions	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
but	O
completely	O
blocked	O
the	O
enhancement	O
of	O
reflexes	O
.	O

Removal	O
of	O
the	O
carotid	O
sinuses	O
caused	O
an	O
elevation	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
abolished	O
the	O
negative	O
chronotropic	O
effect	O
of	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
restored	O
the	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
in	O
addition	O
to	O
decreasing	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HTP	I-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
decreased	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
and	O
decreased	O
the	O
reflex	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
to	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
enhances	O
reflex	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
through	O
central	O
alpha	O
-	O
receptor	O
stimulation	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
effects	O
are	O
mediated	O
through	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
rather	O
than	O
norepinephrine	B-Chemical
and	O
do	O
not	O
require	O
the	O
carotid	O
sinus	O
baroreceptors	O
.	O

Microangiopathic	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
complicating	O
FK506	B-Chemical
(	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
3	O
episodes	O
of	O
microangiopathic	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
(	O
MAHA	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
2	O
solid	O
organ	O
recipients	O
under	O
FK506	B-Chemical
(	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
)	O
therapy	O
.	O

In	O
both	O
cases	O
,	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
FK506	B-Chemical
and	O
treatment	O
with	O
plasma	O
exchange	O
,	O
fresh	O
frozen	O
plasma	O
replacement	O
,	O
corticosteroids	B-Chemical
,	O
aspirin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
led	O
to	O
resolution	O
of	O
MAHA	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
one	O
patient	O
,	O
reintroduction	O
of	O
FK506	B-Chemical
led	O
to	O
rapid	O
recurrence	O
of	O
MAHA	B-Disease
.	O

FK506	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
MAHA	B-Disease
is	O
probably	O
rare	O
but	O
physicians	O
must	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
severe	O
complication	O
.	O

In	O
our	O
experience	O
and	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
literature	O
,	O
FK506	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
seem	O
to	O
cross	O
-	O
react	O
with	O
cyclosporin	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	O
CyA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
immuno	O
-	O
suppressive	O
drug	O
already	O
known	O
to	O
induce	O
MAHA	B-Disease
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
some	O
anticancer	O
drugs	O
and	O
combined	O
chemotherapy	O
on	O
renal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
action	O
of	O
anticancer	O
drugs	O
such	O
as	O
nitrogranulogen	B-Chemical
(	O
NG	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
methotrexate	B-Chemical
(	O
MTX	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
cyclophosphamide	B-Chemical
(	O
CY	B-Chemical
)	O
administered	O
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
[	O
MTX	B-Chemical
+	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
+	O
CY	B-Chemical
(	O
CMF	O
)	O
]	O
was	O
evaluated	O
in	O
experiments	O
on	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

After	O
drug	O
administration	O
,	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
urine	O
of	O
the	O
rats	O
were	O
determined	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
.	O

Histopathologic	O
evaluation	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
was	O
also	O
performed	O
.	O

After	O
MTX	B-Chemical
administration	O
a	O
significant	O
increase	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0228	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
and	O
a	O
significant	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
decrease	O
in	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
was	O
noted	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
NG	B-Chemical
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
and	O
CY	B-Chemical
neither	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
increase	O
in	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
nor	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
was	O
observed	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
group	O
receiving	O
no	O
cytostatics	O
.	O

Following	O
polytherapy	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
CMF	O
regimen	O
,	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
decrease	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
0343	O
)	O
in	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
clearance	O
was	O
found	O
,	O
but	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
concentration	O
did	O
not	O
increase	O
significantly	O
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

CY	B-Chemical
caused	O
hemorrhagic	B-Disease
cystitis	I-Disease
in	O
40	O
%	O
of	O
rats	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
cause	O
this	O
complication	O
when	O
combined	O
with	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
and	O
MTX	B-Chemical
.	O

Histologic	O
changes	O
were	O
found	O
in	O
rat	O
kidneys	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
MTX	B-Chemical
,	O
CY	B-Chemical
and	O
NG	B-Chemical
,	O
while	O
no	O
such	O
change	O
was	O
observed	O
after	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
and	O
joint	O
administration	O
of	O
MTX	B-Chemical
+	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
+	O
CY	B-Chemical
compared	O
to	O
controls	O
.	O

Our	O
studies	O
indicate	O
that	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
MTX	B-Chemical
+	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
+	O
CY	B-Chemical
administered	O
jointly	O
is	O
lower	O
than	O
in	O
monotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
interpeduncular	O
nucleus	O
regulates	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
effects	O
on	O
free	O
-	O
field	O
activity	O
.	O

Partial	O
lesions	O
were	O
made	O
with	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
interpeduncular	O
nucleus	O
of	O
the	O
ventral	O
midbrain	O
of	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
sham	O
-	O
operated	O
controls	O
,	O
lesions	O
significantly	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
)	O
blunted	O
the	O
early	O
(	O
<	O
60	O
min	O
)	O
free	O
-	O
field	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hypoactivity	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
kg	O
(	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
m	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
enhanced	O
the	O
later	O
(	O
60	O
-	O
120	O
min	O
)	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
raised	O
spontaneous	O
nocturnal	O
activity	O
.	O

Lesions	O
reduced	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
immunohistological	O
staining	O
for	O
choline	B-Chemical
acetyltransferase	O
in	O
the	O
interpeduncular	O
nucleus	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
for	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
hydroxylase	O
in	O
the	O
surrounding	O
catecholaminergic	O
A10	O
region	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
the	O
interpeduncular	O
nucleus	O
mediates	O
nicotinic	O
depression	B-Disease
of	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
and	O
dampens	O
nicotinic	O
arousal	O
mechanisms	O
located	O
elsewhere	O
in	O
the	O
brain	O
.	O

Lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
cognitive	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
functional	I-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
reduced	O
by	O
a	O
switch	O
to	O
divalproex	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
case	O
series	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Lithium	B-Chemical
remains	O
a	O
first	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	O
for	O
the	O
acute	O
and	O
maintenance	O
treatment	O
of	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
.	O

Although	O
much	O
has	O
been	O
written	O
about	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
the	O
more	O
common	O
adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
,	O
such	O
as	O
polyuria	B-Disease
and	O
tremor	B-Disease
,	O
more	O
subtle	O
lithium	B-Chemical
side	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
,	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
creativity	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
functional	B-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
remain	O
understudied	O
.	O

This	O
report	O
summarizes	O
our	O
experience	O
in	O
switching	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patients	O
from	O
lithium	B-Chemical
to	O
divalproex	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
to	O
alleviate	O
such	O
cognitive	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
functional	I-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
Open	O
,	O
case	O
series	O
design	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
report	O
seven	O
cases	O
where	O
substitution	O
of	O
lithium	B-Chemical
,	O
either	O
fully	O
or	O
partially	O
,	O
with	O
divalproex	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
was	O
extremely	O
helpful	O
in	O
reducing	O
the	O
cognitive	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
motivational	I-Disease
,	I-Disease
or	I-Disease
creative	I-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
attributed	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
in	O
our	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patients	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
preliminary	O
report	O
,	O
divalproex	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
was	O
a	O
superior	O
alternative	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
in	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patients	O
experiencing	O
cognitive	B-Disease
deficits	I-Disease
,	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
creativity	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
functional	B-Disease
impairments	I-Disease
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
on	O
renal	O
function	O
in	O
liver	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
receiving	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
on	O
renal	O
function	O
in	O
liver	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
who	O
were	O
receiving	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
was	O
evaluated	O
between	O
January	O
1992	O
and	O
January	O
1996	O
.	O

Two	O
groups	O
of	O
patients	O
receiving	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
were	O
compared	O
over	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
one	O
group	O
comprising	O
hypertensive	B-Disease
patients	O
who	O
were	O
receiving	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
comprising	O
nonhypertensive	O
patients	O
not	O
receiving	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
time	O
from	O
transplant	O
to	O
baseline	O
was	O
similar	O
in	O
all	O
patients	O
.	O

Nifedipine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
improved	O
kidney	O
function	O
as	O
indicated	O
by	O
a	O
significant	O
lowering	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
at	O
6	O
and	O
12	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
observed	O
positive	O
impact	O
of	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
on	O
reducing	O
the	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
liver	O
transplant	O
recipients	O
should	O
be	O
an	O
important	O
factor	O
in	O
selecting	O
an	O
agent	O
to	O
treat	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
this	O
population	O
.	O

Alpha	O
and	O
beta	O
coma	B-Disease
in	O
drug	O
intoxication	O
uncomplicated	O
by	O
cerebral	B-Disease
hypoxia	I-Disease
.	O

Four	O
patients	O
who	O
were	O
rendered	O
comatose	B-Disease
or	O
stuporous	B-Disease
by	O
drug	O
intoxication	O
,	O
but	O
who	O
were	O
not	O
hypoxic	O
,	O
are	O
described	O
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
received	O
high	O
doses	O
of	O
chlormethiazole	B-Chemical
for	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
one	O
took	O
a	O
suicidal	O
overdose	B-Disease
of	O
nitrazepam	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patient	O
with	O
nitrazepam	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
and	O
two	O
of	O
those	O
with	O
chlormethiazole	B-Chemical
intoxication	O
conformed	O
to	O
the	O
criteria	O
of	O
'	O
alpha	O
coma	B-Disease
'	O
,	O
showing	O
non	O
-	O
reactive	O
generalized	O
or	O
frontally	O
predominant	O
alpha	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
EEG	O
.	O

The	O
fourth	O
patient	O
who	O
was	O
unconscious	O
after	O
chlormethiazole	B-Chemical
administration	O
exhibite	O
generalized	O
non	O
-	O
reactive	O
activity	O
in	O
the	O
slow	O
beta	O
range	O
.	O

All	O
four	O
recovered	O
completely	O
without	O
neurological	B-Disease
sequelae	I-Disease
following	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
the	O
offending	O
agents	O
.	O

The	O
similarities	O
between	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
structural	O
lesions	O
and	O
pharmacological	O
depression	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
brain	O
stem	O
reticular	O
formation	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
suggested	O
that	O
in	O
both	O
situations	O
disturbed	O
reticulo	O
-	O
thalamic	O
interactions	O
are	O
important	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
alpha	O
coma	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
when	O
this	O
electroencephalographic	O
and	O
behavioural	O
picture	O
is	O
seen	O
in	O
drug	O
intoxication	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
significant	O
hypoxaemia	B-Disease
,	O
a	O
favourable	O
outcome	O
may	O
be	O
anticipated	O
.	O

Magnetic	O
resonance	O
volumetry	O
of	O
the	O
cerebellum	O
in	O
epileptic	B-Disease
patients	O
after	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
overdosages	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
medication	O
and	O
cerebellar	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
experienced	O
clinical	O
intoxication	O
.	O

Five	O
females	O
and	O
6	O
males	O
,	O
21	O
-	O
59	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
,	O
were	O
examined	O
with	O
a	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
T	O
whole	O
-	O
body	O
system	O
using	O
a	O
circular	O
polarized	O
head	O
coil	O
.	O

Conventional	O
spin	O
echo	O
images	O
were	O
acquired	O
in	O
the	O
sagittal	O
and	O
transverse	O
orientation	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
we	O
performed	O
a	O
high	O
-	O
resolution	O
3D	O
gradient	O
echo	O
,	O
T1	O
-	O
weighted	O
sequences	O
at	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
mm	O
slice	O
thickness	O
.	O

The	O
images	O
were	O
subsequently	O
processed	O
to	O
obtain	O
volumetric	O
data	O
for	O
the	O
cerebellum	O
.	O

Cerebellar	O
volume	O
for	O
the	O
patient	O
group	O
ranged	O
between	O
67	O
.	O
66	O
and	O
131	O
.	O
08	O
ml	O
(	O
mean	O
108	O
.	O
9	O
ml	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
3D	O
gradient	O
echo	O
data	O
sets	O
from	O
10	O
healthy	O
male	O
and	O
10	O
healthy	O
female	O
age	O
-	O
matched	O
volunteers	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
compare	O
cerebellar	O
volumes	O
.	O

Using	O
linear	O
regression	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
no	O
correlation	O
exists	O
between	O
seizure	B-Disease
duration	O
,	O
elevation	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
serum	O
levels	O
and	O
cerebellar	O
volume	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
multiple	O
regression	O
for	O
the	O
daily	O
dosage	O
,	O
duration	O
of	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
and	O
cerebellar	O
volume	O
revealed	O
a	O
correlation	O
of	O
these	O
parameters	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
overdosage	B-Disease
does	O
not	O
necessarily	O
result	O
in	O
cerebellar	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
and	O
it	O
is	O
unlikely	O
that	O
phenytoin	B-Chemical
medication	O
was	O
the	O
only	O
cause	O
of	O
cerebellar	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
remaining	O
patients	O
.	O

Quantitative	O
morphometric	O
studies	O
of	O
the	O
cerebellum	O
provide	O
valuable	O
insights	O
into	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
cerebellar	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Late	O
recovery	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
in	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
the	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
case	O
is	O
reported	O
of	O
the	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
uremic	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
HUS	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
a	O
woman	O
taking	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

She	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
heparin	B-Chemical
,	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
and	O
hemodialysis	O
;	O
and	O
after	O
more	O
than	O
three	O
months	O
,	O
her	O
urinary	O
output	O
rose	O
above	O
500	O
ml	O
;	O
and	O
six	O
months	O
after	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
anuria	B-Disease
,	O
dialysis	O
treatment	O
was	O
stopped	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
emphasizes	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
HUS	B-Disease
in	O
adults	O
is	O
not	O
invariably	O
irreversible	O
and	O
that	O
,	O
despite	O
prolonged	O
oliguria	B-Disease
,	O
recovery	O
of	O
renal	O
function	O
can	O
be	O
obtained	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
in	O
adult	O
patients	O
affected	O
by	O
HUS	B-Disease
,	O
dialysis	O
should	O
not	O
be	O
discontinued	O
prematurely	O
;	O
moreover	O
,	O
bilateral	O
nephrectomy	O
,	O
for	O
treatment	O
of	O
severe	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
microangiopathic	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
,	O
should	O
be	O
performed	O
with	O
caution	O
.	O

Morphological	O
features	O
of	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
after	O
chronic	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
valproate	B-Chemical
to	O
rats	O
.	O

A	O
transmission	O
electron	O
microscopic	O
study	O
of	O
capillaries	O
in	O
the	O
cerebellar	O
cortex	O
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
intragastric	O
application	O
of	O
the	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
sodium	B-Chemical
valproate	I-Chemical
(	O
Vupral	O
"	O
Polfa	O
"	O
)	O
at	O
the	O
effective	O
dose	O
of	O
200	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
b	O
.	O

w	O
.	O
once	O
daily	O
to	O
rats	O
for	O
1	O
,	O
3	O
,	O
6	O
,	O
9	O
and	O
12	O
months	O
revealed	O
neurological	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
indicating	O
cerebellum	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
(	O
"	O
valproate	B-Chemical
encephalopathy	B-Disease
"	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
ultrastructural	O
changes	O
in	O
structural	O
elements	O
of	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
-	O
barrier	O
(	O
BBB	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
cerebellar	O
cortex	O
were	O
detectable	O
after	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
the	O
experiment	O
.	O

They	O
became	O
more	O
severe	O
in	O
the	O
later	O
months	O
of	O
the	O
experiment	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
most	O
severe	O
after	O
12	O
months	O
,	O
located	O
mainly	O
in	O
the	O
molecular	O
layer	O
of	O
the	O
cerebellar	O
cortex	O
.	O

Lesions	O
of	O
the	O
capillary	O
included	O
necrosis	B-Disease
of	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
.	O

Organelles	O
of	O
these	O
cells	O
,	O
in	O
particular	O
the	O
mitochondria	O
(	O
increased	O
number	O
and	O
size	O
,	O
distinct	O
degeneration	O
of	O
their	O
matrix	O
and	O
cristae	O
)	O
and	O
Golgi	O
apparatus	O
were	O
altered	O
.	O

Reduced	O
size	O
of	O
capillary	O
lumen	O
and	O
occlusion	O
were	O
caused	O
by	O
swollen	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
which	O
had	O
luminal	B-Chemical
protrusions	O
and	O
swollen	O
microvilli	O
.	O

Pressure	O
on	O
the	O
vessel	O
wall	O
was	O
produced	O
by	O
enlarged	O
perivascular	O
astrocytic	O
processes	O
.	O

Fragments	O
of	O
necrotic	B-Disease
endothelial	O
cells	O
were	O
in	O
the	O
vascular	O
lumens	O
and	O
in	O
these	O
there	O
was	O
loosening	O
and	O
breaking	O
of	O
tight	O
cellular	O
junctions	O
.	O

Damage	O
to	O
the	O
vascular	O
basement	O
lamina	O
was	O
also	O
observed	O
.	O

Damage	O
to	O
the	O
capillary	O
was	O
accompanied	O
by	O
marked	O
damage	O
to	O
neuroglial	O
cells	O
,	O
mainly	O
to	O
perivascular	O
processes	O
of	O
astrocytes	O
.	O

The	O
proliferation	O
of	O
astrocytes	O
(	O
Bergmann	O
'	O
s	O
in	O
particular	O
)	O
and	O
occasionally	O
of	O
oligodendrocytes	O
was	O
found	O
.	O

Alterations	O
in	O
the	O
structural	O
elements	O
of	O
the	O
BBB	O
coexisted	O
with	O
marked	O
lesions	O
of	O
neurons	O
of	O
the	O
cerebellum	O
(	O
Purkinje	O
cells	O
are	O
earliest	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
electron	O
micrographs	O
both	O
luminal	B-Chemical
and	O
antiluminal	O
sides	O
of	O
the	O
BBB	O
of	O
the	O
cerebellar	O
cortex	O
had	O
similar	O
lesions	O
.	O

The	O
possible	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
hepatic	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
mainly	O
hyperammonemia	B-Disease
,	O
upon	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
valproate	B-Chemical
encephalopathy	B-Disease
is	O
discussed	O
.	O

Fatal	O
intracranial	B-Disease
bleeding	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
prehospital	O
use	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
paramedic	O
misjudgment	O
in	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
a	O
protocol	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
allergic	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
with	O
wheezing	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
sudden	O
onset	O
of	O
respiratory	B-Disease
distress	I-Disease
,	O
rash	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
a	O
history	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
medicine	O
led	O
the	O
two	O
paramedics	O
on	O
the	O
scene	O
to	O
administer	O
subcutaneous	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
.	O

Subsequently	O
,	O
acute	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
and	O
fatal	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

Epinephrine	B-Chemical
has	O
a	O
proven	O
role	O
in	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
in	O
prehospital	O
care	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
use	O
by	O
paramedics	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
suspected	O
allergic	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
and	O
severe	O
hypertension	B-Disease
should	O
be	O
viewed	O
with	O
caution	O
.	O

Role	O
of	O
activation	O
of	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
B2	O
receptors	O
in	O
disruption	O
of	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
during	O
acute	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Cellular	O
mechanisms	O
which	O
account	O
for	O
disruption	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
during	O
acute	O
hypertension	B-Disease
are	O
not	O
clear	O
.	O

The	O
goal	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
synthesis	O
/	O
release	O
of	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
to	O
activate	O
B2	O
receptors	O
in	O
disruption	O
of	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
during	O
acute	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Permeability	O
of	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
was	O
quantitated	O
by	O
clearance	O
of	O
fluorescent	O
-	O
labeled	O
dextran	B-Chemical
before	O
and	O
during	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
vehicle	O
and	O
Hoe	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
140	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

Phenylephrine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
increased	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
,	O
arteriolar	O
diameter	O
and	O
clearance	O
of	O
fluorescent	O
dextran	B-Chemical
by	O
a	O
similar	O
magnitude	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
disruption	O
of	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
during	O
acute	O
hypertension	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
synthesis	O
/	O
release	O
of	O
bradykinin	B-Chemical
to	O
activate	O
B2	O
receptors	O
.	O

Risk	O
factors	O
of	O
sensorineural	B-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
in	O
preterm	O
infants	O
.	O

Among	O
547	O
preterm	O
infants	O
of	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
34	O
weeks	O
gestation	O
born	O
between	O
1987	O
and	O
1991	O
,	O
8	O
children	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
46	O
%	O
)	O
developed	O
severe	O
progressive	O
and	O
bilateral	O
sensorineural	B-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

Perinatal	O
risk	O
factors	O
of	O
infants	O
with	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
two	O
control	O
groups	O
matched	O
for	O
gestation	O
and	O
birth	O
weight	O
and	O
for	O
perinatal	O
complications	O
.	O

Our	O
observations	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
association	O
of	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
with	O
a	O
higher	O
incidence	O
of	O
perinatal	O
complications	O
.	O

Ototoxicity	B-Disease
appeared	O
closely	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
prolonged	O
administration	O
and	O
higher	O
total	O
dose	O
of	O
ototoxic	B-Disease
drugs	O
,	O
particularly	O
aminoglycosides	B-Chemical
and	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
we	O
strongly	O
recommend	O
to	O
prospectively	O
and	O
regularly	O
perform	O
audiologic	O
assessment	O
in	O
sick	O
preterm	O
children	O
as	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
is	O
of	O
delayed	O
onset	O
and	O
in	O
most	O
cases	O
bilateral	O
and	O
severe	O
.	O

Seizure	B-Disease
resulting	O
from	O
a	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARY	O
:	O
A	O
40	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
took	O
an	O
overdose	B-Disease
of	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
in	O
an	O
apparent	O
suicide	O
attempt	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
ingestion	O
of	O
26	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
50	O
-	O
mg	O
tablets	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
experienced	O
a	O
witnessed	O
generalized	O
seizure	B-Disease
.	O

She	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
the	O
medical	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
,	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
further	O
sequelae	O
were	O
seen	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
To	O
our	O
knowledge	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
reported	O
case	O
of	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
that	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
generalized	O
seizure	B-Disease
.	O

Based	O
on	O
nonoverdose	O
pharmacokinetics	O
and	O
pharmacodynamics	O
of	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
potential	O
risks	O
of	O
available	O
interventions	O
,	O
no	O
emergent	O
therapy	O
was	O
instituted	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
overdose	B-Disease
in	O
our	O
patient	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
single	O
episode	O
of	O
generalized	O
seizure	B-Disease
but	O
elicited	O
no	O
further	O
sequelae	O
.	O

Combined	O
effects	O
of	O
prolonged	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E1	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
haemodilution	B-Disease
on	O
human	O
hepatic	O
function	O
.	O

Combined	O
effects	O
of	O
prolonged	O
prostaglandin	B-Chemical
E1	I-Chemical
(	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
haemodilution	B-Disease
on	O
hepatic	O
function	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
30	O
patients	O
undergoing	O
hip	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
patients	O
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
three	O
groups	O
;	O
those	O
in	O
group	O
A	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
were	O
subjected	O
to	O
controlled	O
hypotension	B-Disease
alone	O
,	O
those	O
in	O
group	O
B	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
to	O
haemodilution	B-Disease
alone	O
and	O
those	O
in	O
group	O
C	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
10	O
)	O
to	O
both	O
controlled	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
haemodilution	B-Disease
.	O

Haemodilution	B-Disease
in	O
groups	O
B	O
and	O
C	O
was	O
produced	O
by	O
withdrawing	O
approximately	O
1000	O
mL	O
of	O
blood	O
and	O
replacing	O
it	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
amount	O
of	O
dextran	B-Chemical
solution	O
,	O
and	O
final	O
haematocrit	O
values	O
were	O
21	O
or	O
22	O
%	O
.	O

Controlled	O
hypotension	B-Disease
in	O
groups	O
A	O
and	O
C	O
was	O
induced	O
with	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
to	O
maintain	O
mean	O
arterial	O
blood	O
pressure	O
at	O
55	O
mmHg	O
for	O
180	O
min	O
.	O

Measurements	O
included	O
arterial	O
ketone	O
body	O
ratio	O
(	O
AKBR	O
,	O
aceto	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
/	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxybutyrate	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
clinical	O
hepatic	O
function	O
parameters	O
.	O

AKBR	O
and	O
biological	O
hepatic	O
function	O
tests	O
showed	O
no	O
change	O
throughout	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
in	O
groups	O
A	O
and	O
B	O
.	O

In	O
group	O
C	O
,	O
AKBR	O
showed	O
a	O
significant	O
decrease	O
at	O
120	O
min	O
(	O
-	O
40	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
at	O
180	O
min	O
(	O
-	O
49	O
%	O
)	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
at	O
60	O
min	O
(	O
-	O
32	O
%	O
)	O
after	O
recovery	O
of	O
normotension	O
,	O
and	O
SGOT	O
,	O
SGPT	O
,	O
LDH	O
and	O
total	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
showed	O
significant	O
increases	O
after	O
operation	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
a	O
prolonged	O
combination	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
120	O
min	O
of	O
PGE1	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
moderate	O
haemodilution	B-Disease
would	O
cause	O
impairment	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
hepatic	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
.	O

Cardiovascular	B-Disease
alterations	I-Disease
in	O
rat	O
fetuses	O
exposed	O
to	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
.	O

Preclinical	O
toxicologic	O
investigation	O
suggested	O
that	O
a	O
new	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blocker	O
,	O
Ro	B-Chemical
40	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5967	I-Chemical
,	O
induced	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
alterations	I-Disease
in	O
rat	O
fetuses	O
exposed	O
to	O
this	O
agent	O
during	O
organogenesis	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
in	O
general	O
induce	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
malformations	I-Disease
indicating	O
a	O
pharmacologic	O
class	O
effect	O
.	O

We	O
studied	O
three	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
of	O
different	O
structure	O
,	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
,	O
diltiazem	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
,	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
new	O
agent	O
.	O

Pregnant	O
rats	O
were	O
administered	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
during	O
the	O
period	O
of	O
cardiac	O
morphogenesis	O
and	O
the	O
offspring	O
examined	O
on	O
day	O
20	O
of	O
gestation	O
for	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
malformations	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
low	O
incidence	O
of	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
malformations	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
after	O
exposure	O
to	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
incidence	O
was	O
statistically	O
significant	O
only	O
for	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
and	O
nifedipine	B-Chemical
.	O

All	O
four	O
agents	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
aortic	O
arch	O
branching	O
variants	O
,	O
although	O
significantly	O
increased	O
only	O
for	O
Ro	B-Chemical
40	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5967	I-Chemical
and	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
site	O
of	O
common	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
sumatriptan	B-Chemical
.	O

Atypical	B-Disease
sensations	I-Disease
following	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
subcutaneous	O
sumatriptan	B-Chemical
are	O
common	O
,	O
but	O
of	O
uncertain	O
origin	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
almost	O
always	O
benign	O
,	O
but	O
can	O
be	O
mistaken	O
for	O
a	O
serious	O
adverse	O
event	O
by	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
are	O
presented	O
with	O
tingling	B-Disease
or	I-Disease
burning	I-Disease
sensations	I-Disease
limited	O
to	O
areas	O
of	O
heat	O
exposure	O
or	O
sunburn	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
these	O
individuals	O
,	O
side	O
effects	O
are	O
most	O
likely	O
generated	O
superficially	O
in	O
the	O
skin	O
.	O

Macula	O
toxicity	B-Disease
after	O
intravitreal	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
intravitreal	O
aminoglycosides	B-Chemical
have	O
substantially	O
improved	O
visual	O
prognosis	O
in	O
endophthalmitis	B-Disease
,	O
macular	O
infarction	B-Disease
may	O
impair	O
full	O
visual	O
recovery	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
presumed	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
retinal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
amikacin	B-Chemical
and	O
vancomycin	B-Chemical
for	O
alpha	O
-	O
haemolytic	O
streptococcal	B-Disease
endophthalmitis	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Endophthalmitis	B-Disease
resolved	O
with	O
improvement	O
in	O
visual	O
acuity	O
to	O
6	O
/	O
24	O
at	O
three	O
months	O
.	O

Fundus	O
fluorescein	B-Chemical
angiography	O
confirmed	O
macular	O
capillary	O
closure	O
and	O
telangiectasis	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Currently	O
accepted	O
intravitreal	O
antibiotic	O
regimens	O
may	O
cause	O
retinal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
and	O
macular	O
ischaemia	B-Disease
.	O

Treatment	O
strategies	O
aimed	O
at	O
avoiding	O
retinal	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

The	O
role	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
in	O
smoking	O
-	O
related	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Nicotine	B-Chemical
activates	O
the	O
sympathetic	O
nervous	O
system	O
and	O
in	O
this	O
way	O
could	O
contribute	O
to	O
cardiovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Animal	O
studies	O
and	O
mechanistic	O
studies	O
indicate	O
that	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
could	O
play	O
a	O
role	O
in	O
accelerating	O
atherosclerosis	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
evidence	O
among	O
humans	O
is	O
too	O
inadequate	O
to	O
be	O
definitive	O
about	O
such	O
an	O
effect	O
.	O

Almost	O
certainly	O
,	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
via	O
its	O
hemodynamic	O
effects	O
contributes	O
to	O
acute	O
cardiovascular	O
events	O
,	O
although	O
current	O
evidence	O
suggests	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
are	O
much	O
less	O
important	O
than	O
are	O
the	O
prothrombotic	O
effects	O
of	O
cigarette	O
smoking	O
or	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
carbon	B-Chemical
monoxide	I-Chemical
.	O

Nicotine	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
enhance	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
among	O
humans	O
.	O

Clinical	O
studies	O
of	O
pipe	O
smokers	O
and	O
people	O
using	O
transdermal	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
support	O
the	O
idea	O
that	O
toxins	O
other	O
than	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
are	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
causes	O
of	O
acute	O
cardiovascular	O
events	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
response	O
for	O
cardiovascular	O
events	O
of	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
be	O
flat	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
if	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
is	O
involved	O
,	O
adverse	O
effects	O
might	O
be	O
seen	O
with	O
relatively	O
low	O
-	O
level	O
cigarette	O
exposures	O
.	O

Iatrogenically	O
induced	O
intractable	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
reentrant	I-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
after	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
and	O
catheter	O
ablation	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
Wolff	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Parkinson	I-Disease
-	I-Disease
White	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
dilated	I-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
WPW	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
idiopathic	B-Disease
dilated	I-Disease
cardiomyopathy	I-Disease
,	O
intractable	O
atrioventricular	B-Disease
reentrant	I-Disease
tachycardia	I-Disease
(	O
AVRT	B-Disease
)	O
was	O
iatrogenically	O
induced	O
.	O

QRS	O
without	O
preexcitation	O
,	O
caused	O
by	O
junctional	O
escape	O
beats	O
after	O
verapamil	B-Chemical
or	O
unidirectional	O
antegrade	O
block	O
of	O
accessory	O
pathway	O
after	O
catheter	O
ablation	O
,	O
established	O
frequent	O
AVRT	B-Disease
attack	O
.	O

Epidemic	O
of	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
hydrochlorofluorocarbons	B-Chemical
used	O
as	O
ozone	B-Chemical
-	O
sparing	O
substitutes	O
of	O
chlorofluorocarbons	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons	B-Chemical
(	O
HCFCs	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
used	O
increasingly	O
in	O
industry	O
as	O
substitutes	O
for	O
ozone	B-Chemical
-	O
depleting	O
chlorofluorocarbons	B-Chemical
(	O
CFCs	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

Limited	O
studies	O
in	O
animals	O
indicate	O
potential	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
some	O
of	O
these	O
compounds	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
an	O
epidemic	O
of	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
in	O
nine	O
industrial	O
workers	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
repeated	O
accidental	O
exposure	O
to	O
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
1	B-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichloro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trifluoroethane	I-Chemical
(	O
HCFC	B-Chemical
123	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tetrafluoroethane	I-Chemical
(	O
HCFC	B-Chemical
124	I-Chemical
)	O
.	O

All	O
nine	O
exposed	O
workers	O
were	O
affected	O
to	O
various	O
degrees	O
.	O

Both	O
compounds	O
are	O
metabolised	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
way	O
as	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bromo	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chloro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
trifluoroethane	I-Chemical
(	O
halothane	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
form	O
reactive	O
trifluoroacetyl	B-Chemical
halide	O
intermediates	O
,	O
which	O
have	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
the	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
halothane	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
aimed	O
to	O
test	O
whether	O
HCFCs	B-Chemical
123	I-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
124	I-Chemical
can	O
result	O
in	O
serious	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
For	O
one	O
severely	O
affected	O
worker	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
stainings	O
for	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
trifluoroacetyl	B-Chemical
protein	O
adducts	O
were	O
done	O
.	O

The	O
serum	O
of	O
six	O
affected	O
workers	O
and	O
five	O
controls	O
was	O
tested	O
for	O
autoantibodies	O
that	O
react	O
with	O
human	O
liver	O
cytochrome	O
-	O
P450	O
2E1	O
(	O
P450	O
2E1	O
)	O
and	O
P58	O
protein	O
disulphide	O
isomerase	O
isoform	O
(	O
P58	O
)	O
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
The	O
liver	O
biopsy	O
sample	O
showed	O
hepatocellular	O
necrosis	B-Disease
which	O
was	O
prominent	O
in	O
perivenular	O
zone	O
three	O
and	O
extended	O
focally	O
from	O
portal	O
tracts	O
to	O
portal	O
tracts	O
and	O
centrilobular	O
areas	O
(	O
bridging	O
necrosis	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Trifluoroacetyl	B-Chemical
-	O
adducted	O
proteins	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
surviving	O
hepatocytes	O
.	O

Autoantibodies	O
against	O
P450	O
2E1	O
or	O
P58	O
,	O
previously	O
associated	O
with	O
halothane	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
the	O
serum	O
of	O
five	O
affected	O
workers	O
.	O

INTERPRETATION	O
:	O
Repeated	O
exposure	O
of	O
human	O
beings	O
to	O
HCFCs	B-Chemical
123	I-Chemical
and	I-Chemical
124	I-Chemical
can	O
result	O
in	O
serious	O
liver	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
large	O
proportion	O
of	O
the	O
exposed	O
population	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
exact	O
mechanism	O
of	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
these	O
agents	O
is	O
not	O
known	O
,	O
the	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
trifluoroacetyl	B-Chemical
-	O
altered	O
liver	O
proteins	O
are	O
involved	O
.	O

In	O
view	O
of	O
the	O
potentially	O
widespread	O
use	O
of	O
these	O
compounds	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
urgent	O
need	O
to	O
develop	O
safer	O
alternatives	O
.	O

Bile	B-Disease
duct	I-Disease
hamartoma	I-Disease
occurring	O
in	O
association	O
with	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
treatment	O
with	O
danazol	B-Chemical
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
bile	B-Disease
duct	I-Disease
hamartoma	I-Disease
which	O
developed	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
on	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
danazol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Such	O
patients	O
should	O
be	O
under	O
close	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
,	O
preferably	O
with	O
periodic	O
ultrasound	O
examination	O
of	O
the	O
liver	O
.	O

If	O
the	O
patient	O
develops	O
a	O
liver	B-Disease
mass	I-Disease
,	O
because	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
specific	O
clinical	O
features	O
and	O
imaging	O
appearances	O
,	O
biopsy	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
definitive	O
diagnosis	O
.	O

Endocrine	O
screening	O
in	O
1	O
,	O
022	O
men	O
with	O
erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
:	O
clinical	O
significance	O
and	O
cost	O
-	O
effective	O
strategy	O
.	O

PURPOSE	O
:	O
We	O
reviewed	O
the	O
results	O
of	O
serum	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
prolactin	O
determination	O
in	O
1	O
,	O
022	O
patients	O
referred	O
because	O
of	O
erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
compared	O
the	O
data	O
with	O
history	O
,	O
results	O
of	O
physical	O
examination	O
,	O
other	O
etiological	O
investigations	O
and	O
effects	O
of	O
endocrine	O
therapy	O
to	O
refine	O
the	O
rules	O
of	O
cost	O
-	O
effective	O
endocrine	O
screening	O
and	O
to	O
pinpoint	O
actual	O
responsibility	O
for	O
hormonal	O
abnormalities	O
.	O

MATERIALS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Testosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
prolactin	O
were	O
determined	O
by	O
radioimmunoassay	O
.	O

Every	O
patient	O
was	O
screened	O
for	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
451	O
were	O
screened	O
for	O
prolactin	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
low	B-Disease
sexual	I-Disease
desire	I-Disease
,	O
gynecomastia	B-Disease
or	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
less	O
than	O
4	O
ng	O
.	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

Determination	O
was	O
repeated	O
in	O
case	O
of	O
abnormal	O
first	O
results	O
.	O

Prolactin	O
results	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
a	O
previous	O
personal	O
cohort	O
of	O
1	O
,	O
340	O
patients	O
with	O
erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
systematic	O
prolactin	O
determination	O
.	O

Main	O
clinical	O
criteria	O
tested	O
regarding	O
efficiency	O
in	O
hormone	O
determination	O
were	O
low	B-Disease
sexual	I-Disease
desire	I-Disease
,	O
small	O
testes	O
and	O
gynecomastia	B-Disease
.	O

Endocrine	O
therapy	O
consisted	O
of	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
heptylate	I-Chemical
or	O
human	O
chorionic	O
gonadotropin	O
for	O
hypogonadism	B-Disease
and	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
for	O
hyperprolactinemia	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Testosterone	B-Chemical
was	O
less	O
than	O
3	O
ng	O
.	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O
in	O
107	O
patients	O
but	O
normal	O
in	O
40	O
%	O
at	O
repeat	O
determination	O
.	O

The	O
prevalence	O
of	O
repeatedly	O
low	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
increased	O
with	O
age	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
before	O
age	O
50	O
years	O
and	O
9	O
%	O
50	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
)	O
.	O

Two	O
pituitary	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
were	O
discovered	O
after	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
determination	O
.	O

Most	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
low	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
levels	O
seemed	O
to	O
result	O
from	O
nonorganic	O
hypothalamic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
because	O
of	O
normal	O
serum	O
luteinizing	O
hormone	O
and	O
prolactin	O
and	O
to	O
have	O
only	O
a	O
small	O
role	O
in	O
erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
(	O
definite	O
improvement	O
in	O
only	O
16	O
of	O
44	O
[	O
36	O
%	O
]	O
after	O
androgen	O
therapy	O
,	O
normal	O
morning	O
or	O
nocturnal	O
erections	O
in	O
30	O
%	O
and	O
definite	O
vasculogenic	O
contributions	O
in	O
42	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Determining	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
only	O
in	O
cases	O
of	O
low	B-Disease
sexual	I-Disease
desire	I-Disease
or	O
abnormal	O
physical	O
examination	O
would	O
have	O
missed	O
40	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
cases	O
with	O
low	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
,	O
including	O
37	O
%	O
of	O
those	O
subsequently	O
improved	O
by	O
androgen	O
therapy	O
.	O

Prolactin	O
exceeded	O
20	O
ng	O
.	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O
in	O
5	O
men	O
and	O
was	O
normal	O
in	O
2	O
at	O
repeat	O
determination	O
.	O

Only	O
1	O
prolactinoma	B-Disease
was	O
discovered	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
are	O
lower	O
than	O
those	O
we	O
found	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
2	O
decades	O
(	O
overall	O
prolactin	O
greater	O
than	O
20	O
ng	O
.	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O
in	O
1	O
.	O
86	O
%	O
of	O
1	O
,	O
821	O
patients	O
,	O
prolactinomas	B-Disease
in	O
7	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
38	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Bromocriptine	B-Chemical
was	O
definitely	O
effective	O
in	O
cases	O
with	O
prolactin	O
greater	O
than	O
35	O
ng	O
.	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

(	O
8	O
of	O
12	O
compared	O
to	O
only	O
9	O
of	O
22	O
cases	O
with	O
prolactin	O
between	O
20	O
and	O
35	O
ng	O
.	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

Testosterone	B-Chemical
was	O
low	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
cases	O
with	O
prolactin	O
greater	O
than	O
35	O
ng	O
.	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Low	O
prevalences	O
and	O
effects	O
of	O
low	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
and	O
high	O
prolactin	O
in	O
erectile	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
cannot	O
justify	O
their	O
routine	O
determination	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
cost	O
-	O
effective	O
screening	O
strategies	O
recommended	O
so	O
far	O
missed	O
40	O
to	O
50	O
%	O
of	O
cases	O
improved	O
with	O
endocrine	O
therapy	O
and	O
the	O
pituitary	B-Disease
tumors	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
now	O
advocate	O
that	O
before	O
age	O
50	O
years	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
be	O
determined	O
only	O
in	O
cases	O
of	O
low	B-Disease
sexual	I-Disease
desire	I-Disease
and	O
abnormal	O
physical	O
examination	O
but	O
that	O
it	O
be	O
measured	O
in	O
all	O
men	O
older	O
than	O
50	O
years	O
.	O

Prolactin	O
should	O
be	O
determined	O
only	O
in	O
cases	O
of	O
low	B-Disease
sexual	I-Disease
desire	I-Disease
,	O
gynecomastia	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
testosterone	B-Chemical
less	O
than	O
4	O
ng	O
.	O
/	O
ml	O
.	O

Extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
at	O
comparable	O
D2	O
receptor	O
occupancy	O
levels	O
.	O

Risperidone	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
antipsychotic	O
drug	O
with	O
high	O
affinity	O
at	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
and	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT2	I-Chemical
receptors	O
.	O

Previous	O
clinical	O
studies	O
have	O
proposed	O
that	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
pharmacologic	O
profile	O
may	O
produce	O
improved	O
efficacy	O
for	O
negative	O
psychotic	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
and	O
decreased	O
propensity	O
for	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
;	O
features	O
shared	O
by	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
'	O
atypical	O
'	O
neuroleptics	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
if	O
routine	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
treatment	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
unique	O
degree	O
of	O
D2	O
receptor	O
occupancy	O
and	O
pattern	O
of	O
clinical	O
effects	O
,	O
we	O
used	O
[	O
123I	O
]	O
IBZM	O
SPECT	O
to	O
determine	O
D2	O
occupancy	O
in	O
subjects	O
treated	O
with	O
routine	O
clinical	O
doses	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
or	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
.	O

Both	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
produced	O
D2	O
occupancy	O
levels	O
between	O
approximately	O
60	O
and	O
90	O
%	O
at	O
standard	O
clinical	O
doses	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
no	O
significant	O
difference	O
between	O
occupancy	O
levels	O
obtained	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
or	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

Drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
parkinsonism	I-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
subjects	O
treated	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
42	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
(	O
29	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
was	O
observed	O
at	O
occupancy	O
levels	O
above	O
60	O
%	O
.	O

Based	O
on	O
these	O
observations	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
concluded	O
that	O
5	O
-	O
HT2	O
blockade	O
obtained	O
with	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
at	O
D2	O
occupancy	O
rates	O
of	O
60	O
%	O
and	O
above	O
does	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
protect	O
against	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

Treatment	O
of	O
previously	O
treated	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
by	O
mitoxantrone	B-Chemical
and	O
48	O
-	O
hour	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
and	O
leucovorin	B-Chemical
(	O
MFL	B-Chemical
)	O
:	O
low	O
palliative	O
benefit	O
and	O
high	O
treatment	O
-	O
related	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

For	O
previously	O
treated	O
advanced	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
standard	O
second	O
-	O
line	O
therapy	O
.	O

Combination	O
chemotherapy	O
with	O
mitoxantrone	B-Chemical
,	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorouracil	I-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
leucovorin	B-Chemical
(	O
MFL	B-Chemical
regimen	I-Chemical
)	O
had	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
an	O
effective	O
and	O
well	O
tolerated	O
regimen	O
.	O

From	O
October	O
1993	O
to	O
November	O
1995	O
,	O
we	O
treated	O
13	O
patients	O
with	O
previously	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
treated	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
by	O
mitoxantrone	B-Chemical
,	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
on	O
day	O
1	O
and	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
FU	I-Chemical
,	O
3000	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
together	O
with	O
leucovorin	B-Chemical
,	O
300	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
,	O
for	O
48	O
h	O
from	O
day	O
1	O
to	O
2	O
.	O

Each	O
course	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
was	O
given	O
every	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Most	O
of	O
these	O
patients	O
had	O
more	O
than	O
two	O
metastatic	O
sites	O
,	O
with	O
lung	O
metastasis	O
predominant	O
.	O

Seven	O
patients	O
had	O
been	O
treated	O
with	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
.	O

Seven	O
patients	O
had	O
previously	O
received	O
radiotherapy	O
and	O
seven	O
had	O
received	O
hormone	O
therapy	O
.	O

Median	O
number	O
of	O
courses	O
of	O
MFL	B-Chemical
regimen	I-Chemical
given	O
was	O
six	O
and	O
the	O
median	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
mitoxantrone	B-Chemical
was	O
68	O
.	O
35	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
.	O

One	O
patient	O
had	O
complete	O
response	O
,	O
seven	O
had	O
stable	O
disease	O
,	O
none	O
had	O
partial	O
response	O
and	O
five	O
had	O
progressive	O
disease	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
objective	O
response	O
rate	O
was	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
.	O

The	O
median	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
was	O
14	O
months	O
.	O

Median	O
survival	O
was	O
16	O
months	O
.	O

Median	O
progression	O
-	O
free	O
survival	O
was	O
5	O
months	O
.	O

A	O
complete	O
responder	O
had	O
relapse	O
-	O
free	O
survival	O
up	O
to	O
17	O
months	O
.	O

Major	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
leukopenia	B-Disease
.	O

Eight	O
patients	O
were	O
dead	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
;	O
two	O
of	O
them	O
died	O
of	O
treatment	O
-	O
related	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
MFL	B-Chemical
regimen	I-Chemical
achieves	O
little	O
palliative	O
benefit	O
and	O
induces	O
severe	O
toxicity	B-Disease
at	O
a	O
fairly	O
high	O
rate	O
.	O

Administration	O
of	O
this	O
regimen	O
to	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
treated	O
by	O
chemotherapy	O
and	O
those	O
with	O
impaired	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
function	I-Disease
requires	O
careful	O
attention	O
.	O

Ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
:	O
report	O
of	O
three	O
Chinese	O
patients	O
and	O
review	O
of	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
study	O
,	O
three	O
Chinese	O
patients	O
with	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
were	O
reported	O
and	O
another	O
13	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
English	O
literature	O
were	O
reviewed	O
.	O

We	O
attempted	O
to	O
find	O
underlying	O
similarities	O
,	O
evaluate	O
the	O
risk	O
factors	O
,	O
and	O
identify	O
appropriate	O
treatment	O
for	O
this	O
complication	O
.	O

All	O
but	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
over	O
60	O
years	O
old	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
6	O
who	O
died	O
were	O
all	O
older	O
than	O
65	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
old	O
age	O
may	O
be	O
a	O
risk	O
factor	O
for	O
developing	O
this	O
complication	O
.	O

Agranulocytosis	B-Disease
occurred	O
3	O
-	O
20	O
weeks	O
after	O
initiation	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
,	O
so	O
frequent	O
examination	O
of	O
white	O
cell	O
count	O
during	O
treatment	O
is	O
recommended	O
.	O

There	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
no	O
direct	O
correlation	O
between	O
the	O
dose	O
or	O
duration	O
used	O
and	O
the	O
severity	O
of	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
suppression	I-Disease
.	O

Treatment	O
for	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
with	O
colony	O
-	O
stimulating	O
factors	O
seemed	O
to	O
have	O
little	O
effect	O
.	O

The	O
fact	O
that	O
5	O
of	O
the	O
6	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
concurrent	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
died	O
,	O
should	O
alert	O
clinicians	O
to	O
be	O
more	O
cautious	O
when	O
using	O
these	O
two	O
drugs	O
simultaneously	O
.	O

Upregulation	O
of	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
vasopressin	B-Chemical
gene	O
in	O
the	O
paraventricular	O
and	O
supraoptic	O
nuclei	O
of	O
the	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
rat	O
.	O

The	O
expression	O
of	O
arginine	B-Chemical
vasopressin	I-Chemical
(	O
AVP	B-Chemical
)	O
gene	O
in	O
the	O
paraventricular	O
(	O
PVN	O
)	O
and	O
supraoptic	O
nuclei	O
(	O
SON	O
)	O
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
(	O
Li	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
polyuria	B-Disease
,	O
using	O
in	O
situ	O
hybridization	O
histochemistry	O
and	O
radioimmunoassay	O
.	O

The	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
consuming	O
a	O
diet	O
that	O
contained	O
LiCl	B-Chemical
(	O
60	O
mmol	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
weeks	O
developed	O
marked	O
polyuria	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
Li	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
produced	O
a	O
large	O
volume	O
of	O
hypotonic	O
urine	O
with	O
low	O
ionic	O
concentrations	O
.	O

Plasma	O
sodium	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
Li	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
in	O
controls	O
.	O

Plasma	O
concentration	O
of	O
AVP	B-Chemical
and	O
transcripts	O
of	O
AVP	B-Chemical
gene	O
in	O
the	O
PVN	O
and	O
SON	O
were	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
Li	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
dehydration	B-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
the	O
activation	O
of	O
visceral	O
afferent	O
inputs	O
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
plasma	O
AVP	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
upregulation	O
of	O
AVP	B-Chemical
gene	O
expression	O
in	O
the	O
PVN	O
and	O
the	O
SON	O
of	O
the	O
Li	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
diabetes	B-Disease
insipidus	I-Disease
rat	O
.	O

Antinociceptive	O
and	O
antiamnesic	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
presynaptic	O
cholinergic	O
amplifier	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
antinociceptive	O
effect	O
of	O
3	B-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tropyl	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bromophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
propionate	I-Chemical
[	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
]	O
(	O
10	O
-	O
40	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
;	O
30	O
-	O
60	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
p	O
.	O
o	O
.	O
;	O
10	O
-	O
30	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
;	O
10	O
-	O
30	O
micrograms	O
/	O
mouse	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
examined	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
rats	O
and	O
guinea	O
pigs	O
by	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
hot	O
-	O
plate	O
,	O
abdominal	O
-	O
constriction	O
,	O
tail	O
-	O
flick	O
and	O
paw	O
-	O
pressure	O
tests	O
.	O

(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
antinociception	O
peaked	O
15	O
min	O
after	O
injection	O
and	O
then	O
slowly	O
diminished	O
.	O

The	O
antinociception	O
produced	O
by	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
was	O
prevented	O
by	O
the	O
unselective	O
muscarinic	O
antagonist	O
atropine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
M1	O
-	O
selective	O
antagonists	O
pirenzepine	B-Chemical
and	O
dicyclomine	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
depletor	O
hemicholinium	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
by	O
the	O
opioid	O
antagonist	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acidB	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
3	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminopropyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diethoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phosphinic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
H3	O
agonist	O
R	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
alpha	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylhistamine	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
D2	O
antagonist	O
quinpirole	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptamine4	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methoxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amino	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chlorobenzoic	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
diethylamino	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
hydrochloride	O
,	O
the	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptamin1A	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methoxyphenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
phthalimido	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
butyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
piperazine	I-Chemical
hydrobromide	O
and	O
the	O
polyamines	O
depletor	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
.	O

Based	O
on	O
these	O
data	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
postulated	O
that	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
exerted	O
an	O
antinociceptive	O
effect	O
mediated	O
by	O
a	O
central	O
potentiation	O
of	O
cholinergic	O
transmission	O
.	O

(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
(	O
10	O
-	O
40	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
prevent	O
amnesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
and	O
dicyclomine	B-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
mouse	O
passive	O
-	O
avoidance	O
test	O
.	O

Affinity	O
profiles	O
of	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
for	O
muscarinic	O
receptor	O
subtypes	O
,	O
determined	O
by	O
functional	O
studies	O
(	O
rabbit	O
vas	O
deferens	O
for	O
M1	O
,	O
guinea	O
pig	O
atrium	O
for	O
M2	O
,	O
guinea	O
pig	O
ileum	O
for	O
M3	O
and	O
immature	O
guinea	O
pig	O
uterus	O
for	O
putative	O
M4	O
)	O
,	O
have	O
shown	O
an	O
M4	O
/	O
M1	O
selectivity	O
ratio	O
of	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
that	O
might	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
antinociception	O
and	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
amnesic	B-Disease
effect	O
induced	O
by	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
through	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
extracellular	O
levels	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
antinociceptive	O
and	O
antiamnesic	O
dose	O
range	O
,	O
(	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
)	O
-	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
did	O
not	O
impair	O
mouse	O
performance	O
evaluated	O
by	O
the	O
rota	O
-	O
rod	O
test	O
and	O
Animex	O
apparatus	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
different	O
anaesthetic	O
agents	O
in	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
following	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

The	O
cause	O
of	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
after	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
is	O
unknown	O
.	O

Up	O
until	O
now	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
factor	O
studied	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
diameter	O
of	O
the	O
spinal	O
needle	O
on	O
post	O
-	O
operative	O
sensorineural	B-Disease
hearing	I-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
describe	O
this	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
and	O
to	O
investigate	O
other	O
factors	O
influencing	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

Two	O
groups	O
of	O
22	O
similar	O
patients	O
were	O
studied	O
:	O
one	O
group	O
received	O
6	O
mL	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
2	O
%	O
;	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
received	O
3	O
mL	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
.	O

Patients	O
given	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
were	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
develop	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
(	O
10	O
out	O
of	O
22	O
)	O
than	O
those	O
given	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
out	O
of	O
22	O
)	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
for	O
speech	O
frequencies	O
was	O
about	O
10	O
dB	O
after	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
15	O
dB	O
after	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
complained	O
of	O
subjective	O
hearing	B-Disease
loss	I-Disease
.	O

Long	O
-	O
term	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
was	O
not	O
possible	O
.	O

A	O
transient	O
neurological	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
following	O
intrathecal	O
injection	O
of	O
1	O
%	O
hyperbaric	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
for	O
unilateral	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
transient	O
neurological	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
that	O
occurred	O
after	O
unilateral	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
with	O
8	O
mg	O
of	O
1	O
%	O
hyperbaric	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
slowly	O
injected	O
through	O
a	O
25	O
-	O
gauge	O
pencil	O
-	O
point	O
spinal	O
needle	O
.	O

The	O
surgery	O
and	O
anaesthesia	O
were	O
uneventful	O
,	O
but	O
3	O
days	O
after	O
surgery	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
reported	O
an	O
area	O
of	O
hypoaesthesia	O
over	O
L3	O
-	O
L4	O
dermatomes	O
of	O
the	O
leg	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
operated	O
on	O
(	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
pinprick	I-Disease
sensation	I-Disease
)	O
without	O
reduction	O
in	O
muscular	O
strength	O
.	O

Sensation	O
in	O
this	O
area	O
returned	O
to	O
normal	O
over	O
the	O
following	O
2	O
weeks	O
.	O

Prospective	O
multicentre	O
studies	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
population	O
and	O
a	O
long	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
should	O
be	O
performed	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
this	O
unusual	O
side	O
effect	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
we	O
suggest	O
that	O
a	O
low	O
solution	O
concentration	O
should	O
be	O
preferred	O
for	O
unilateral	O
spinal	O
anaesthesia	O
with	O
a	O
hyperbaric	O
anaesthetic	O
solution	O
(	O
if	O
pencil	O
-	O
point	O
needle	O
and	O
slow	O
injection	O
rate	O
are	O
employed	O
)	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
minimize	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
a	O
localized	O
high	O
peak	O
anaesthetic	O
concentration	O
,	O
which	O
might	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
transient	O
neurological	B-Disease
deficit	I-Disease
.	O

Transient	B-Disease
neurologic	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
after	O
spinal	O
anesthesia	O
:	O
a	O
lower	O
incidence	O
with	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
than	O
with	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Recent	O
evidence	O
suggests	O
that	O
transient	B-Disease
neurologic	I-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
(	O
TNSs	B-Disease
)	O
frequently	O
follow	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
spinal	O
anesthesia	O
but	O
are	O
infrequent	O
with	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
.	O

However	O
,	O
identification	O
of	O
a	O
short	O
-	O
acting	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
to	O
substitute	O
for	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
for	O
brief	O
surgical	O
procedures	O
remains	O
an	O
important	O
goal	O
.	O

Prilocaine	B-Chemical
is	O
an	O
amide	O
local	O
anesthetic	O
with	O
a	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Accordingly	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
,	O
prospective	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
study	O
compares	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
with	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
with	O
respect	O
to	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
and	O
relative	O
risk	O
of	O
TNSs	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Ninety	O
patients	O
classified	O
as	O
American	O
Society	O
of	O
Anesthesiologists	O
physical	O
status	O
I	O
or	O
II	O
who	O
were	O
scheduled	O
for	O
short	O
gynecologic	O
procedures	O
under	O
spinal	O
anesthesia	O
were	O
randomly	O
allocated	O
to	O
receive	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
ml	O
2	O
%	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
glucose	B-Chemical
,	O
2	O
%	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
glucose	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
in	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
glucose	B-Chemical
.	O

All	O
solutions	O
were	O
provided	O
in	O
blinded	O
vials	O
by	O
the	O
hospital	O
pharmacy	O
.	O

Details	O
of	O
spinal	O
puncture	O
,	O
extension	O
and	O
regression	O
of	O
spinal	O
block	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
times	O
to	O
reach	O
discharge	O
criteria	O
were	O
noted	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
evening	O
of	O
postoperative	O
day	O
1	O
,	O
patients	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
TNSs	B-Disease
by	O
a	O
physician	O
unaware	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
administered	O
and	O
the	O
details	O
of	O
the	O
anesthetic	O
procedure	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Nine	O
of	O
30	O
patients	O
receiving	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
experienced	O
TNSs	B-Disease
,	O
1	O
of	O
30	O
patients	O
receiving	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
03	O
)	O
had	O
them	O
,	O
and	O
none	O
of	O
30	O
patients	O
receiving	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
had	O
TNSs	B-Disease
.	O

Times	O
to	O
ambulate	O
and	O
to	O
void	O
were	O
similar	O
after	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
prilocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
150	O
vs	O
.	O
165	O
min	O
and	O
238	O
vs	O
.	O
253	O
min	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
but	O
prolonged	O
after	O
bupivacaine	B-Chemical
(	O
200	O
and	O
299	O
min	O
,	O
respectively	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Prilocaine	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
preferable	O
to	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
for	O
short	O
surgical	O
procedures	O
because	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
similar	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
but	O
a	O
lower	O
incidence	O
of	O
TNSs	B-Disease
.	O

Suxamethonium	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
and	O
death	B-Disease
following	O
5	O
days	O
of	O
immobilization	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
report	O
describes	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
and	O
subsequent	O
death	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
hyperkalaemia	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
23	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
Malawian	O
woman	O
.	O

Five	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
the	O
symptoms	O
of	O
meningitis	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
patient	O
aspirated	O
stomach	O
contents	O
and	O
needed	O
endotracheal	O
intubation	O
.	O

Forty	O
seconds	O
after	O
injection	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
,	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
and	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

Attempts	O
to	O
resuscitate	O
the	O
patient	O
were	O
not	O
successful	O
.	O

The	O
serum	O
level	O
of	O
potassium	B-Chemical
was	O
observed	O
to	O
be	O
8	O
.	O
4	O
mequiv	O
L	O
-	O
1	O
.	O

Apart	O
from	O
the	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
level	O
of	O
consciousness	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
signs	O
of	O
motor	O
neurone	O
damage	O
or	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
known	O
predisposing	O
conditions	O
for	O
hyperkalaemia	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
is	O
postulated	O
that	O
her	O
death	B-Disease
was	O
caused	O
by	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
to	O
suxamethonium	B-Chemical
,	O
associated	O
with	O
her	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
immobilization	O
.	O

Acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
,	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
erythroblastocytopenia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
ceftriaxone	B-Chemical
.	O

An	O
80	O
-	O
yr	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
developed	O
acute	O
hepatitis	B-Disease
shortly	O
after	O
ingesting	O
oral	O
ceftriaxone	B-Chemical
.	O

Although	O
the	O
transaminases	O
gradually	O
returned	O
to	O
baseline	O
after	O
withholding	O
the	O
beta	B-Chemical
lactam	I-Chemical
antibiotic	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
gradual	O
increase	O
in	O
serum	O
bilirubin	B-Chemical
and	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
hemoglobin	O
concentration	O
caused	O
by	O
an	O
autoimmune	B-Disease
hemolytic	I-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
and	O
erythroblastocytopenia	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
responded	O
to	O
systemic	O
steroids	B-Chemical
and	O
immunoglobulins	O
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
widespread	O
use	O
of	O
these	O
agents	O
this	O
triad	O
of	O
side	O
effects	O
has	O
not	O
previously	O
been	O
reported	O
in	O
connection	O
with	O
beta	B-Chemical
lactam	I-Chemical
antibiotics	O
.	O

Thyroxine	B-Chemical
abuse	O
:	O
an	O
unusual	O
case	O
of	O
thyrotoxicosis	B-Disease
in	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

Eating	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
associated	O
behavioural	O
problems	O
and	O
drug	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
are	O
uncommon	O
in	O
pregnancy	O
.	O

When	O
they	O
do	O
occur	O
they	O
are	O
often	O
unrecognized	O
because	O
of	O
denial	O
but	O
when	O
significant	O
may	O
pose	O
a	O
risk	O
to	O
both	O
the	O
mother	O
and	O
her	O
fetus	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
illustrates	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
problems	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
encountered	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
eating	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
in	O
pregnancy	O
,	O
including	O
prolonged	O
and	O
recurrent	O
metabolic	O
disturbances	O
and	O
diuretic	O
abuse	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
it	O
illustrates	O
the	O
derangements	O
of	O
thyroid	O
function	O
seen	O
in	O
pregnant	O
women	O
with	O
eating	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
and	O
reminds	O
us	O
that	O
when	O
a	O
cause	O
for	O
thyrotoxicosis	B-Disease
remains	O
obscure	O
,	O
thyroxine	B-Chemical
abuse	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
and	O
explored	O
.	O

Repeated	O
trimipramine	B-Chemical
induces	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
/	O
D3	O
and	O
alpha1	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
.	O

Trimipramine	B-Chemical
(	O
TRI	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
which	O
shows	O
a	O
clinical	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
activity	O
,	O
is	O
chemically	O
related	O
to	O
imipramine	B-Chemical
but	O
does	O
not	O
inhibit	O
the	O
reuptake	O
of	O
noradrenaline	B-Chemical
and	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptamine	I-Chemical
,	O
nor	O
does	O
it	O
induce	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
down	O
-	O
regulation	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
its	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
activity	O
is	O
still	O
unknown	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
whether	O
TRI	B-Chemical
given	O
repeatedly	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
induce	O
adaptive	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
dopaminergic	O
and	O
alpha1	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
systems	O
,	O
demonstrated	O
by	O
us	O
previously	O
for	O
various	O
antidepressants	B-Chemical
.	O

TRI	B-Chemical
was	O
given	O
to	O
male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
and	O
male	O
Albino	O
Swiss	O
mice	O
perorally	O
twice	O
daily	O
for	O
14	O
days	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
acute	O
experiment	O
TRI	B-Chemical
(	O
given	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
does	O
not	O
antagonize	O
the	O
reserpine	B-Chemical
hypothermia	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
potentiate	O
the	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxytryptophan	I-Chemical
head	O
twitches	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

TRI	B-Chemical
given	O
repeatedly	O
to	O
rats	O
increases	O
the	O
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amphetamine	I-Chemical
,	O
quinpirole	B-Chemical
and	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
7	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
dipropyloaminotetralin	O
(	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
and	O
D3	O
effects	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
stereotypies	O
induced	O
by	O
d	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
amphetamine	I-Chemical
or	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
are	O
not	O
potentiated	O
by	O
TRI	B-Chemical
.	O

It	O
increases	O
the	O
behaviour	O
stimulation	O
evoked	O
by	O
phenylephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
given	O
intraventricularly	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
evaluated	O
in	O
the	O
open	O
field	O
test	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
evoked	O
by	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
,	O
both	O
these	O
effects	O
being	O
mediated	O
by	O
an	O
alpha1	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
receptor	O
.	O

It	O
may	O
be	O
concluded	O
that	O
,	O
like	O
other	O
tricyclic	O
antidepressants	B-Chemical
studied	O
previously	O
,	O
TRI	B-Chemical
given	O
repeatedly	O
increases	O
the	O
responsiveness	O
of	O
brain	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
and	O
D3	O
(	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
but	O
not	O
stereotypy	O
)	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
alpha1	O
-	O
adrenergic	O
receptors	O
to	O
their	O
agonists	O
.	O

A	O
question	O
arises	O
whether	O
the	O
reuptake	O
inhibition	O
is	O
of	O
any	O
importance	O
to	O
the	O
adaptive	O
changes	O
induced	O
by	O
repeated	O
antidepressants	B-Chemical
,	O
suggested	O
to	O
be	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
activity	O
.	O

Pethidine	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
seizure	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
healthy	O
adolescent	O
receiving	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
for	O
postoperative	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
control	O
.	O

A	O
healthy	O
17	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
male	O
received	O
standard	O
intermittent	O
doses	O
of	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
via	O
a	O
patient	O
-	O
controlled	O
analgesia	O
(	O
PCA	O
)	O
pump	O
for	O
management	O
of	O
postoperative	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
control	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
three	O
h	O
postoperatively	O
he	O
developed	O
a	O
brief	O
self	O
-	O
limited	O
seizure	B-Disease
.	O

Both	O
plasma	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
and	O
norpethidine	B-Chemical
were	O
elevated	O
in	O
the	O
range	O
associated	O
with	O
clinical	O
manifestations	O
of	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
excitation	O
.	O

No	O
other	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
CNS	O
toxicity	B-Disease
were	O
identified	O
.	O

This	O
method	O
allowed	O
frequent	O
self	O
-	O
dosing	O
of	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
at	O
short	O
time	O
intervals	O
and	O
rapid	O
accumulation	O
of	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
and	O
norpethidine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
routine	O
use	O
of	O
pethidine	B-Chemical
via	O
PCA	O
even	O
for	O
a	O
brief	O
postoperative	O
analgesia	O
should	O
be	O
reconsidered	O
.	O

An	O
unusual	O
toxic	O
reaction	O
to	O
axillary	O
block	O
by	O
mepivacaine	B-Chemical
with	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
.	O

An	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
,	O
accompanied	O
by	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
,	O
agitation	B-Disease
,	O
incomprehensible	B-Disease
shouts	I-Disease
and	O
loss	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
consciousness	I-Disease
,	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
an	O
elderly	O
,	O
ASA	O
classification	O
group	O
II	O
,	O
cardiovascularly	O
medicated	O
male	O
,	O
12	O
min	O
after	O
performance	O
of	O
axillary	O
block	O
with	O
mepivacaine	B-Chemical
850	O
mg	O
containing	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
225	O
mg	O
,	O
for	O
correction	O
of	O
Dupuytren	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
contracture	I-Disease
.	O

After	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
labetalol	B-Chemical
,	O
metoprolol	B-Chemical
and	O
midazolam	B-Chemical
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
condition	O
improved	O
,	O
and	O
15	O
min	O
later	O
he	O
woke	O
up	O
.	O

The	O
block	O
was	O
successful	O
and	O
surgery	O
was	O
conducted	O
as	O
scheduled	O
despite	O
persisting	O
atrial	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
.	O

Postoperatively	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
refused	O
DC	O
cardioversion	O
and	O
was	O
treated	O
medically	O
.	O

Both	O
the	O
temporal	O
relationship	O
of	O
events	O
and	O
the	O
response	O
to	O
treatment	O
suggest	O
that	O
a	O
rapid	O
systemic	O
absorption	O
of	O
mepivacaine	B-Chemical
with	O
adrenaline	B-Chemical
and	O
/	O
or	O
interaction	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
with	O
the	O
patient	O
'	O
s	O
cardiovascular	O
medications	O
were	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
perioperative	O
complications	O
.	O

Drug	O
-	O
associated	O
acute	O
-	O
onset	O
vanishing	B-Disease
bile	I-Disease
duct	I-Disease
and	O
Stevens	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Johnson	I-Disease
syndromes	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
child	O
.	O

Acute	O
vanishing	B-Disease
bile	I-Disease
duct	I-Disease
syndrome	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
established	O
cause	O
of	O
progressive	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
in	O
adults	O
,	O
is	O
most	O
often	O
drug	O
or	O
toxin	O
related	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
of	O
unknown	O
pathogenesis	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
previously	O
in	O
children	O
.	O

Stevens	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Johnson	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
well	O
-	O
recognized	O
immune	O
complex	O
-	O
mediated	O
hypersensitivity	B-Disease
reaction	O
that	O
affects	O
all	O
age	O
groups	O
,	O
is	O
drug	O
or	O
infection	B-Disease
induced	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
classic	O
systemic	O
,	O
mucosal	O
,	O
and	O
dermatologic	O
manifestations	O
.	O

A	O
previously	O
healthy	O
child	O
who	O
developed	O
acute	O
,	O
severe	O
,	O
rapidly	O
progressive	O
vanishing	B-Disease
bile	I-Disease
duct	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
shortly	O
after	O
Stevens	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Johnson	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
is	O
described	O
;	O
this	O
was	O
temporally	O
associated	O
with	O
ibuprofen	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Despite	O
therapy	O
with	O
ursodeoxycholic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
then	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
,	O
her	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
was	O
unrelenting	O
,	O
with	O
cirrhosis	B-Disease
shown	O
by	O
biopsy	O
6	O
months	O
after	O
presentation	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
documents	O
acute	O
drug	O
-	O
related	O
vanishing	B-Disease
bile	I-Disease
duct	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
pediatric	O
age	O
group	O
and	O
suggests	O
shared	O
immune	O
mechanisms	O
in	O
the	O
pathogenesis	O
of	O
both	O
Stevens	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
Johnson	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
and	O
vanishing	B-Disease
bile	I-Disease
duct	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

High	O
incidence	O
of	O
primary	B-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
in	O
Belgium	O
.	O

Primary	B-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
,	O
progressive	O
and	O
incurable	O
disease	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
intake	O
of	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressant	I-Chemical
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
importance	O
of	O
this	O
association	O
was	O
evaluated	O
in	O
Belgium	O
while	O
this	O
country	O
still	O
had	O
no	O
restriction	O
on	O
the	O
prescription	O
of	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
patients	O
with	O
primary	B-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
and	O
85	O
matched	O
controls	O
were	O
recruited	O
over	O
32	O
months	O
(	O
1992	O
-	O
1994	O
)	O
in	O
Belgium	O
.	O

Exposure	O
to	O
appetite	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
was	O
assessed	O
on	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
hospital	O
records	O
and	O
standardized	O
interview	O
.	O

Twenty	O
-	O
three	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
had	O
previously	O
taken	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
,	O
mainly	O
fenfluramines	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
only	O
5	O
of	O
the	O
controls	O
(	O
66	O
versus	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
0001	O
)	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
died	O
before	O
the	O
interview	O
,	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
had	O
taken	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
8	O
patients	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
primary	B-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
was	O
uncertain	O
,	O
5	O
of	O
them	O
had	O
taken	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
exposed	O
to	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
tended	O
to	O
be	O
on	O
average	O
more	O
severely	O
ill	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
shorter	O
median	O
delay	O
between	O
onset	O
of	O
symptoms	O
and	O
diagnosis	O
.	O

A	O
policy	O
of	O
unrestricted	O
prescription	O
of	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
may	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
high	O
incidence	O
of	O
associated	O
primary	B-Disease
pulmonary	I-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
.	O

Intake	O
of	O
appetite	B-Chemical
suppressants	I-Chemical
may	O
accelerate	O
the	O
progression	O
of	O
the	O
disease	O
.	O

Inappropriate	O
use	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
and	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
in	O
typical	O
absence	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

Carbamazepine	B-Chemical
and	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
are	O
contraindicated	O
in	O
typical	O
absence	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

Of	O
18	O
consecutive	O
referrals	O
of	O
children	O
with	O
resistant	O
typical	O
absences	O
only	O
,	O
eight	O
were	O
erroneously	O
treated	O
with	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
either	O
as	O
monotherapy	O
or	O
as	O
an	O
add	O
-	O
on	O
.	O

Vigabatrin	B-Chemical
was	O
also	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
two	O
children	O
.	O

Frequency	O
of	O
absences	O
increased	O
in	O
four	O
children	O
treated	O
with	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
and	O
two	O
of	O
these	O
developed	O
myoclonic	B-Disease
jerks	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
on	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
.	O

Absences	O
were	O
aggravated	O
in	O
both	O
cases	O
where	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
was	O
added	O
on	O
to	O
concurrent	O
treatment	O
.	O

Optimal	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
absences	O
was	O
achieved	O
with	O
sodium	B-Chemical
valproate	I-Chemical
,	O
lamotrigine	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
ethosuximide	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
.	O

Choreoathetoid	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
rapid	O
adjustment	O
to	O
methadone	B-Chemical
.	O

Choreatiform	B-Disease
hyperkinesias	I-Disease
are	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
occasional	O
movement	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
during	O
intoxications	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
but	O
not	O
opiates	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
euphoria	O
and	O
choreoathetoid	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
both	O
transiently	O
induced	O
by	O
rapid	O
adjustment	O
to	O
the	O
selective	O
mu	O
-	O
opioid	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
methadone	B-Chemical
in	O
an	O
inpatient	O
previously	O
abusing	O
heroine	B-Chemical
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
minor	O
EEG	O
abnormalities	O
occurred	O
.	O

Possible	O
underlying	O
neurobiological	O
phenomena	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
atypical	O
antipsychotics	O
.	O

Collaborative	O
Working	O
Group	O
on	O
Clinical	O
Trial	O
Evaluations	O
.	O

Adverse	O
effects	O
of	O
antipsychotics	O
often	O
lead	O
to	O
noncompliance	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
clinicians	O
should	O
address	O
patients	O
'	O
concerns	O
about	O
adverse	O
effects	O
and	O
attempt	O
to	O
choose	O
medications	O
that	O
will	O
improve	O
their	O
patients	O
'	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
overall	O
health	O
.	O

The	O
side	O
effect	O
profiles	O
of	O
the	O
atypical	O
antipsychotics	O
are	O
more	O
advantageous	O
than	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
conventional	O
neuroleptics	O
.	O

Conventional	O
agents	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
unwanted	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
effects	O
,	O
including	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
symptoms	I-Disease
(	O
EPS	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
tardive	B-Disease
dyskinesia	I-Disease
,	O
sedation	O
,	O
and	O
possible	O
impairment	O
of	O
some	O
cognitive	O
measures	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
cardiac	O
effects	O
,	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
,	O
hepatic	O
changes	O
,	O
anticholinergic	O
side	O
effects	O
,	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
newer	O
atypical	O
agents	O
have	O
a	O
lower	O
risk	O
of	O
EPS	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
are	O
associated	O
in	O
varying	O
degrees	O
with	O
sedation	O
,	O
cardiovascular	O
effects	O
,	O
anticholinergic	O
effects	O
,	O
weight	B-Disease
gain	I-Disease
,	O
sexual	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
,	O
hepatic	O
effects	O
,	O
lowered	O
seizure	B-Disease
threshold	O
(	O
primarily	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
agranulocytosis	B-Disease
(	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
only	O
)	O
.	O

Since	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
specific	O
adverse	O
effects	O
differ	O
among	O
the	O
various	O
atypicals	O
,	O
the	O
clinician	O
should	O
carefully	O
consider	O
which	O
side	O
effects	O
are	O
most	O
likely	O
to	O
lead	O
to	O
the	O
individual	O
'	O
s	O
dissatisfaction	O
and	O
noncompliance	O
before	O
choosing	O
an	O
antipsychotic	O
for	O
a	O
particular	O
patient	O
.	O

A	O
randomized	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
dose	O
-	O
comparison	O
trial	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
for	O
psychosis	B-Disease
and	O
disruptive	B-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
in	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
goal	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
two	O
doses	O
of	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
psychosis	B-Disease
and	O
disruptive	B-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
week	O
random	O
-	O
assignment	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
placebo	O
-	O
controlled	O
trial	O
(	O
phase	O
A	O
)	O
,	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
standard	O
dose	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
,	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
low	O
dose	O
)	O
,	O
were	O
compared	O
in	O
71	O
outpatients	O
with	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

For	O
the	O
subsequent	O
6	O
-	O
week	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
phase	O
(	O
phase	O
B	O
)	O
,	O
patients	O
taking	O
standard	O
-	O
or	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
were	O
switched	O
to	O
placebo	O
,	O
and	O
patients	O
taking	O
placebo	O
were	O
randomly	O
assigned	O
to	O
standard	O
-	O
or	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
For	O
the	O
60	O
patients	O
who	O
completed	O
phase	O
A	O
,	O
standard	O
-	O
dose	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
was	O
efficacious	O
and	O
superior	O
to	O
both	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
and	O
placebo	O
for	O
scores	O
on	O
the	O
Brief	O
Psychiatric	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
psychosis	B-Disease
factor	O
and	O
on	O
psychomotor	B-Disease
agitation	I-Disease
.	O

Response	O
rates	O
according	O
to	O
three	O
sets	O
of	O
criteria	O
were	O
greater	O
with	O
the	O
standard	O
dose	O
(	O
55	O
%	O
-	O
60	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
the	O
low	O
dose	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
-	O
35	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
placebo	O
(	O
25	O
%	O
-	O
30	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
advantage	O
of	O
standard	O
dose	O
over	O
low	O
dose	O
was	O
replicated	O
in	O
phase	O
B	O
.	O

In	O
phase	O
A	O
,	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
signs	I-Disease
tended	O
to	O
be	O
greater	O
with	O
the	O
standard	O
dose	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
two	O
conditions	O
,	O
primarily	O
because	O
of	O
a	O
subgroup	O
(	O
20	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
developed	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
signs	O
.	O

Low	O
-	O
dose	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
differ	O
from	O
placebo	O
on	O
any	O
measure	O
of	O
efficacy	O
or	O
side	O
effects	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
results	O
indicated	O
a	O
favorable	O
therapeutic	O
profile	O
for	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
in	O
doses	O
of	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
,	O
although	O
a	O
subgroup	O
developed	O
moderate	O
to	O
severe	O
extrapyramidal	B-Disease
signs	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
starting	O
dose	O
of	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
day	O
with	O
gradual	O
,	O
upward	O
dose	O
titration	O
is	O
recommended	O
.	O

The	O
narrow	O
therapeutic	O
window	O
observed	O
with	O
haloperidol	B-Chemical
may	O
also	O
apply	O
to	O
other	O
neuroleptics	O
used	O
in	O
Alzheimer	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
patients	O
with	O
psychosis	B-Disease
and	O
disruptive	B-Disease
behaviors	I-Disease
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
acetylsalicylic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
on	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
dogs	O
.	O

A	O
reproducible	O
model	O
for	O
producing	O
diffuse	O
myocardial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
(	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
developed	O
to	O
study	O
the	O
cardioprotective	O
effects	O
of	O
agents	O
or	O
maneuvers	O
which	O
might	O
alter	O
the	O
evolution	O
of	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Infusions	O
of	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
4	O
mug	O
per	O
kilogram	O
per	O
minute	O
for	O
6	O
hours	O
)	O
increased	O
radiocalcium	B-Chemical
uptakes	O
into	O
intact	O
myocardium	O
and	O
each	O
of	O
its	O
subcellular	O
components	O
with	O
the	O
mitochondrial	O
fraction	O
showing	O
the	O
most	O
consistent	O
changes	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
saline	O
-	O
infused	O
control	O
animals	O
(	O
4	O
,	O
957	O
vs	O
.	O
827	O
counts	O
per	O
minute	O
per	O
gram	O
of	O
dried	O
tissue	O
or	O
fraction	O
)	O
.	O

Myocardial	O
concentrations	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
also	O
increased	O
significantly	O
(	O
12	O
.	O
0	O
vs	O
.	O
5	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
.	O
per	O
100	O
Gm	O
.	O
of	O
fat	O
-	O
free	O
dry	O
weight	O
)	O
.	O

Infusions	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
chloride	I-Chemical
sufficient	O
to	O
raise	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
2	O
mEq	O
.	O
per	O
liter	O
failed	O
to	O
increase	O
calcium	B-Chemical
influx	O
into	O
the	O
myocardial	O
cell	O
.	O

Mitochondrial	O
radiocalcium	B-Chemical
uptakes	O
were	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
in	O
animals	O
pretreated	O
with	O
acetylsalicylic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
or	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
or	O
when	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
was	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
(	O
2	O
,	O
682	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
803	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
,	O
424	O
counts	O
per	O
minute	O
per	O
gram	O
of	O
dried	O
fraction	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Myocardial	O
calcium	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
also	O
were	O
decreased	O
(	O
11	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
8	O
.	O
3	O
,	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
9	O
mg	O
.	O
per	O
100	O
Gm	O
.	O
of	O
fat	O
-	O
free	O
dry	O
weight	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
three	O
treatment	O
groups	O
,	O
being	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
only	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
.	O

Evidence	O
of	O
microscopic	O
damage	O
was	O
graded	O
as	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
the	O
three	O
treatment	O
groups	O
.	O

Acetylsalicylic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
,	O
dipyridamole	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
all	O
appear	O
to	O
have	O
cardioprotective	O
effects	O
when	O
tested	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

Clinical	O
and	O
histopathologic	O
examination	O
of	O
renal	O
allografts	O
treated	O
with	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
FK506	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
year	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
We	O
clinically	O
and	O
pathologically	O
analyzed	O
renal	O
allografts	O
from	O
1	O
9	O
renal	O
transplant	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
FK506	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Twenty	O
-	O
six	O
renal	O
allograft	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
from	O
1	O
9	O
renal	O
transplant	O
patients	O
who	O
underwent	O
transplantations	O
between	O
1991	O
and	O
1993	O
were	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Thirteen	O
biopsies	O
were	O
performed	O
from	O
stable	O
functioning	O
renal	O
allografts	O
with	O
informed	O
consent	O
(	O
nonepisode	O
biopsy	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
13	O
were	O
from	O
dysfunctional	O
renal	O
allografts	O
with	O
a	O
clinical	O
indication	O
for	O
biopsy	O
(	O
episode	O
biopsy	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
main	O
pathologic	O
diagnoses	O
(	O
some	O
overlap	O
)	O
were	O
acute	O
rejection	O
(	O
AR	O
;	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
,	O
chronic	O
rejection	O
(	O
CR	O
;	O
n	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
AR	O
+	O
CR	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
4	O
)	O
,	O
recurrent	O
IgA	B-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
normal	O
findings	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
minimal	O
-	O
type	O
chronic	O
FK506	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
9	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
mild	O
-	O
type	O
FK506	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
(	O
n	O
=	O
11	O
)	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
nonepisode	O
biopsies	O
,	O
7	O
and	O
4	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
minimal	O
-	O
type	O
and	O
mild	O
-	O
type	O
chronic	O
FK506	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Chronic	O
FK506	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
consisted	O
of	O
rough	O
and	O
foamy	O
tubular	O
vacuolization	O
(	O
5	O
biopsies	O
)	O
,	O
arteriolopathy	O
(	O
angiodegeneration	O
of	O
the	O
arteriolar	O
wall	O
;	O
20	O
biopsies	O
)	O
,	O
focal	B-Disease
segmental	I-Disease
glomerulosclerosis	I-Disease
(	O
4	O
biopsies	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
striped	O
form	O
of	O
interstitial	B-Disease
fibrosis	I-Disease
(	O
11	O
biopsies	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
of	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
mild	O
-	O
type	O
chronic	O
FK506	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
group	O
,	O
which	O
included	O
7	O
episode	O
biopsies	O
,	O
were	O
statistically	O
higher	O
than	O
those	O
in	O
the	O
minimum	O
-	O
type	O
chronic	O
FK506	B-Chemical
-	O
nephropathy	B-Disease
group	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
that	O
chronic	O
FK506	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
consists	O
primarily	O
of	O
arteriolopathy	O
manifesting	O
as	O
insudative	O
hyalinosis	O
of	O
the	O
arteriolar	O
wall	O
,	O
and	O
suggests	O
that	O
mild	O
-	O
type	O
chronic	O
FK506	B-Chemical
nephropathy	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
condition	O
which	O
may	O
lead	O
to	O
deterioration	O
of	O
renal	O
allograft	O
function	O
.	O

Different	O
lobular	O
distributions	O
of	O
altered	O
hepatocyte	O
tight	O
junctions	O
in	O
rat	O
models	O
of	O
intrahepatic	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
extrahepatic	I-Disease
cholestasis	I-Disease
.	O

Hepatocyte	O
tight	O
junctions	O
(	O
TJs	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
intercellular	O
barrier	O
between	O
the	O
sinusoidal	O
and	O
the	O
canalicular	O
spaces	O
,	O
play	O
a	O
key	O
role	O
in	O
bile	O
formation	O
.	O

Although	O
hepatocyte	O
TJs	O
are	O
impaired	O
in	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
,	O
attempts	O
to	O
localize	O
the	O
precise	O
site	O
of	O
hepatocyte	O
TJ	O
damage	O
by	O
freeze	O
-	O
fracture	O
electron	O
microscopy	O
have	O
produced	O
limited	O
information	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
several	O
TJ	O
-	O
associated	O
proteins	O
like	O
ZO	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
7H6	O
have	O
been	O
identified	O
and	O
characterized	O
.	O

Immunolocalization	O
of	O
7H6	O
appears	O
to	O
closely	O
correlate	O
with	O
paracellular	O
permeability	O
.	O

We	O
used	O
rat	O
models	O
of	O
intrahepatic	B-Disease
cholestasis	I-Disease
by	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
EE	B-Chemical
)	O
treatment	O
and	O
extrahepatic	B-Disease
cholestasis	I-Disease
by	O
bile	O
duct	O
ligation	O
(	O
BDL	O
)	O
to	O
precisely	O
determine	O
the	O
site	O
of	O
TJ	O
damage	O
.	O

Alterations	O
in	O
hepatocyte	O
TJs	O
were	O
assessed	O
by	O
double	O
-	O
immunolabeling	O
for	O
7H6	O
and	O
ZO	O
-	O
1	O
using	O
a	O
confocal	O
laser	O
scanning	O
microscope	O
.	O

In	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
immunostaining	O
for	O
7H6	O
and	O
ZO	O
-	O
1	O
colocalized	O
to	O
outline	O
bile	O
canaliculi	O
in	O
a	O
continuous	O
fashion	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
7H6	O
and	O
ZO	O
-	O
1	O
immunostaining	O
was	O
more	O
discontinuous	O
,	O
outlining	O
the	O
bile	O
canaliculi	O
after	O
BDL	O
.	O

Immunostaining	O
for	O
7H6	O
,	O
not	O
ZO	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
decreased	O
and	O
predominantly	O
appeared	O
as	O
discrete	O
signals	O
in	O
the	O
submembranous	O
cytoplasm	O
of	O
periportal	O
hepatocytes	O
after	O
BDL	O
.	O

After	O
EE	B-Chemical
treatment	O
,	O
changes	O
in	O
immunostaining	O
for	O
7H6	O
and	O
ZO	O
-	O
1	O
were	O
similar	O
to	O
those	O
seen	O
in	O
periportal	O
hepatocytes	O
after	O
BDL	O
,	O
but	O
distributed	O
more	O
diffusely	O
throughout	O
the	O
lobule	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
impairment	O
of	O
hepatocyte	O
TJs	O
occurs	O
heterogenously	O
in	O
the	O
liver	O
lobule	O
after	O
BDL	O
and	O
suggests	O
that	O
BDL	O
and	O
EE	B-Chemical
treatments	O
produce	O
different	O
lobular	O
distributions	O
of	O
increased	O
paracellular	O
permeability	O
.	O

Memory	O
facilitation	O
and	O
stimulation	O
of	O
endogenous	O
nerve	O
growth	O
factor	O
synthesis	O
by	O
the	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
releaser	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
effects	O
of	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
(	O
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tropyl	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
p	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
bromophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
propionate	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
the	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
releaser	O
,	O
on	O
memory	O
processes	O
and	O
nerve	O
growth	O
factor	O
(	O
NGF	O
)	O
synthesis	O
were	O
evaluated	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
mouse	O
passive	O
-	O
avoidance	O
test	O
,	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
(	O
10	O
-	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
20	O
min	O
before	O
the	O
training	O
session	O
,	O
prevented	O
amnesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
both	O
the	O
non	O
selective	O
antimuscarinic	O
drug	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
the	O
M1	O
-	O
selective	O
antagonist	O
S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
ET	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
126	I-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
same	O
experimental	O
conditions	O
,	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
(	O
5	O
-	O
20	O
microg	O
per	O
mouse	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
)	O
was	O
also	O
able	O
to	O
prevent	O
antimuscarine	O
-	O
induced	O
amnesia	B-Disease
,	O
demonstrating	O
a	O
central	O
localization	O
of	O
the	O
activity	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
highest	O
effective	O
doses	O
,	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
did	O
not	O
produce	O
any	O
collateral	O
symptoms	O
as	O
revealed	O
by	O
the	O
Irwin	O
test	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
modify	O
spontaneous	O
motility	O
and	O
inspection	O
activity	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
by	O
the	O
hole	O
-	O
board	O
test	O
.	O

PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
was	O
also	O
able	O
to	O
increase	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
NGF	O
secreted	O
in	O
vitro	O
by	O
astrocytes	O
in	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
dependent	O
manner	O
.	O

The	O
maximal	O
NGF	O
contents	O
obtained	O
by	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
were	O
17	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
value	O
.	O

During	O
culture	O
,	O
no	O
morphological	O
changes	O
were	O
found	O
at	O
effective	O
concentrations	O
of	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
current	O
work	O
indicates	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
to	O
induce	O
beneficial	O
effects	O
on	O
cognitive	O
processes	O
and	O
stimulate	O
activity	O
of	O
NGF	O
synthesis	O
in	O
astroglial	O
cells	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
PG	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
9	I-Chemical
could	O
represent	O
a	O
potential	O
useful	O
drug	O
able	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
function	O
of	O
impaired	O
cognitive	O
processes	O
.	O

Mechanisms	O
of	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

-	O
Tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
)	O
is	O
a	O
powerful	O
,	O
widely	O
used	O
immunosuppressant	O
.	O

The	O
clinical	O
utility	O
of	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
is	O
complicated	O
by	O
substantial	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

To	O
clarify	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
chronic	O
effects	O
of	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
on	O
the	O
synthesis	O
of	O
endothelin	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
ET	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
mRNA	O
of	O
ET	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
endothelin	O
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
-	O
1	O
(	O
ECE	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
endothelial	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
synthase	O
(	O
eNOS	O
)	O
activity	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
mRNA	O
of	O
eNOS	O
and	O
C	O
-	O
type	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
CNP	O
)	O
in	O
rat	O
blood	O
vessels	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
specific	O
endothelin	O
type	O
A	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
FR	B-Chemical
139317	I-Chemical
on	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
,	O
5	O
mg	O
.	O

kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O

d	O
-	O
1	O
given	O
for	O
4	O
weeks	O
,	O
elevated	O
blood	O
pressure	O
from	O
102	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
13	O
to	O
152	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
15	O
mm	O
Hg	O
and	O
increased	O
the	O
synthesis	O
of	O
ET	O
-	O
1	O
and	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
ET	O
-	O
1	O
mRNA	O
in	O
the	O
mesenteric	O
artery	O
(	O
240	O
%	O
and	O
230	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Little	O
change	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
ECE	O
-	O
1	O
mRNA	O
and	O
CNP	O
mRNA	O
.	O

FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
decreased	O
eNOS	O
activity	O
and	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
eNOS	O
mRNA	O
in	O
the	O
aorta	O
(	O
48	O
%	O
and	O
55	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
FR	B-Chemical
139317	I-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
.	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
d	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
prevented	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
indicate	O
that	O
FK	B-Chemical
506	I-Chemical
may	O
increase	O
blood	O
pressure	O
not	O
only	O
by	O
increasing	O
ET	O
-	O
1	O
production	O
but	O
also	O
by	O
decreasing	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
in	O
the	O
vasculature	O
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/BC5CDR/train_20.txt
================================================
Selegiline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
postural	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
longitudinal	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Research	O
Group	O
(	O
UKPDRG	O
)	O
trial	O
found	O
an	O
increased	O
mortality	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	O
mg	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
per	O
day	O
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
those	O
taking	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
alone	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
therapy	O
with	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
was	O
associated	O
with	O
selective	O
systolic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
which	O
was	O
abolished	O
by	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
aims	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
were	O
to	O
confirm	O
our	O
previous	O
findings	O
in	O
a	O
separate	O
cohort	O
of	O
patients	O
and	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
consequences	O
of	O
stopping	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
expectation	O
that	O
this	O
might	O
shed	O
light	O
on	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
the	O
drug	O
causes	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
cardiovascular	O
responses	O
to	O
standing	O
and	O
head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
were	O
studied	O
repeatedly	O
in	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
receiving	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	O
as	O
the	O
drug	O
was	O
withdrawn	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
caused	O
systolic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
which	O
was	O
marked	O
in	O
six	O
of	O
20	O
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
,	O
one	O
of	O
whom	O
lost	O
consciousness	O
with	O
unrecordable	O
blood	O
pressures	O
.	O

A	O
lesser	O
degree	O
of	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
occurred	O
with	O
standing	O
.	O

Orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
was	O
ameliorated	O
4	O
days	O
after	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	O
totally	O
abolished	O
7	O
days	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Stopping	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
also	O
significantly	O
reduced	B-Disease
the	I-Disease
supine	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
diastolic	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressures	I-Disease
consistent	O
with	O
a	O
previously	O
undescribed	O
supine	O
pressor	O
action	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
confirms	O
our	O
previous	O
finding	O
that	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
is	O
associated	O
with	O
selective	O
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
possibilities	O
that	O
these	O
cardiovascular	O
findings	O
might	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
non	O
-	O
selective	O
inhibition	O
of	O
monoamine	O
oxidase	O
or	O
of	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
and	O
metamphetamine	B-Chemical
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
the	O
degradation	O
product	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
choloroaniline	I-Chemical
is	O
not	O
a	O
significant	O
factor	O
in	O
chlorhexidine	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
digluconate	I-Chemical
associated	O
erosive	O
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
high	O
percentage	O
of	O
kanamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
colistin	B-Chemical
and	O
povidone	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
iodine	I-Chemical
irrigations	O
were	O
associated	O
with	O
erosive	O
cystitis	B-Disease
and	O
suggested	O
a	O
possible	O
complication	O
with	O
human	O
usage	O
.	O

Picloxydine	B-Chemical
irrigations	O
appeared	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
lower	O
incidence	O
of	O
erosive	O
cystitis	B-Disease
but	O
further	O
studies	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
performed	O
before	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
recommended	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
urological	O
procedures	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
tetrandrine	B-Chemical
and	O
fangchinoline	B-Chemical
on	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
and	O
human	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
.	O

Tetrandrine	O
(	O
TET	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
fangchinoline	B-Chemical
(	O
FAN	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
two	O
naturally	O
occurring	O
analogues	O
with	O
a	O
bisbenzylisoquinoline	B-Chemical
structure	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
EP	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
and	O
blood	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
administration	O
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
of	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
showed	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
by	O
55	O
%	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
acetylsalicylic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
ASA	B-Chemical
,	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
,	O
showed	O
only	O
30	O
%	O
inhibition	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
vitro	O
human	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregations	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
agonists	O
used	O
in	O
tests	O
,	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
showed	O
the	O
inhibitions	O
dose	O
dependently	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
neither	O
TET	B-Chemical
nor	O
FAN	B-Chemical
showed	O
any	O
anticoagulation	O
activities	O
in	O
the	O
measurement	O
of	O
the	O
activated	O
partial	O
thromboplastin	O
time	O
(	O
APTT	O
)	O
,	O
prothrombin	O
time	O
(	O
PT	O
)	O
and	O
thrombin	O
time	O
(	O
TT	O
)	O
using	O
human	O
-	O
citrated	O
plasma	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
antithrombosis	O
of	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
may	O
be	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
antiplatelet	O
aggregation	O
activities	O
.	O

Angioedema	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
:	O
common	O
and	O
inadequately	O
diagnosed	O
.	O

The	O
estimated	O
incidence	O
of	O
angioedema	B-Disease
during	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ACE	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
treatment	O
is	O
between	O
1	O
and	O
7	O
per	O
thousand	O
patients	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
:	O
prevalence	O
rates	O
and	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	O
in	O
an	O
outpatient	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
sample	O
.	O

This	O
paper	O
attempts	O
to	O
examine	O
and	O
compare	O
prevalence	O
rates	O
and	O
symptom	O
patterns	O
of	O
DSM	O
substance	O
-	O
induced	O
and	O
other	O
mood	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

243	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	O
outpatients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
CIMD	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
other	O
mood	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
were	O
compared	O
on	O
measures	O
of	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	O
.	O

The	O
prevalence	O
rate	O
for	O
CIMD	B-Disease
was	O
12	O
%	O
at	O
baseline	O
.	O

Introduction	O
of	O
the	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
CIMD	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
substantially	O
affect	O
rates	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
depressive	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
CIMD	B-Disease
had	O
symptom	O
severity	O
levels	O
between	O
those	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
a	O
mood	O
disorder	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
some	O
validity	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
CIMD	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
also	O
suggest	O
that	O
it	O
requires	O
further	O
specification	O
and	O
replication	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
fucoidan	B-Chemical
treatment	O
on	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Inflammatory	O
cells	O
are	O
postulated	O
to	O
mediate	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
following	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

Intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
more	O
inflammation	B-Disease
than	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
tested	O
the	O
sulfated	O
polysaccharide	O
fucoidan	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
reduce	O
inflammatory	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
injection	O
of	O
bacterial	O
collagenase	O
into	O
the	O
caudate	O
nucleus	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
seven	O
day	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
fucoidan	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
micrograms	O
h	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	O
hematoma	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
vivo	O
by	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
.	O

Fucoidan	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
exhibited	O
evidence	O
of	O
impaired	B-Disease
blood	I-Disease
clotting	I-Disease
and	O
hemodilution	B-Disease
,	O
had	O
larger	O
hematomas	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
tended	O
to	O
have	O
less	O
inflammation	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
the	O
hematoma	O
after	O
three	O
days	O
.	O

They	O
showed	O
significantly	O
more	O
rapid	O
improvement	O
of	O
motor	O
function	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
week	O
following	O
hemorrhage	B-Disease
and	O
better	O
memory	O
retention	O
in	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
test	O
.	O

Acute	O
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
edema	I-Disease
and	O
eventual	O
neuronal	O
loss	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
adjacent	O
to	O
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
differ	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Investigation	O
of	O
more	O
specific	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
agents	O
and	O
hemodiluting	O
agents	O
are	O
warranted	O
in	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

Accumulation	O
of	O
atracurium	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
intravenous	O
line	O
led	O
to	O
recurarization	O
after	O
flushing	O
the	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
recovery	O
room	O
.	O

A	O
respiratory	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
with	O
severe	O
desaturation	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
occurred	O
.	O

Circumstances	O
leading	O
to	O
this	O
event	O
and	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
enabling	O
a	O
neuromuscular	B-Disease
blockade	I-Disease
to	O
occur	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
small	O
dose	O
of	O
relaxant	O
,	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

The	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
(	O
ASA	O
groups	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
marked	O
vasodilator	O
and	O
negative	O
inotropic	O
effects	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
are	O
disadvantages	O
in	O
frail	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
adding	O
different	O
doses	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
order	O
to	O
obtund	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	O
.	O

The	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	O
of	O
adding	O
15	O
,	O
20	O
or	O
25	O
mg	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	O
200	O
mg	O
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
were	O
compared	O
to	O
control	O
in	O
40	O
ASA	O
3	O
/	O
4	O
patients	O
over	O
60	O
years	O
presenting	O
for	O
genito	O
-	O
urinary	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
addition	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	O
propofol	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
method	O
of	O
obtunding	O
the	O
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	O
to	O
propofol	B-Chemical
at	O
all	O
doses	O
used	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
marked	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
propofol	B-Chemical
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
occasionally	O
reaching	O
high	O
levels	O
in	O
individual	O
patients	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
this	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
inducing	O
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
the	O
use	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
/	O
propofol	B-Chemical
/	O
mixtures	O
studied	O
.	O

Gemcitabine	B-Chemical
plus	O
vinorelbine	O
in	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
patients	O
age	O
70	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
or	O
patients	O
who	O
cannot	O
receive	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
high	O
among	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
few	O
data	O
are	O
available	O
regarding	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Recent	O
reports	O
indicate	O
that	O
single	O
agent	O
therapy	O
with	O
vinorelbine	B-Chemical
(	O
VNB	O
)	O
or	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
GEM	B-Chemical
)	O
may	O
obtain	O
a	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
20	O
-	O
30	O
%	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
acceptable	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	O
improvement	O
in	O
symptoms	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
GEM	B-Chemical
and	O
VNB	B-Chemical
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
or	O
those	O
with	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
were	O
included	O
,	O
38	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
age	O
>	O
/	O
=	O
70	O
years	O
and	O
11	O
were	O
age	O
<	O
70	O
years	O
but	O
who	O
had	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Treatment	O
was	O
comprised	O
of	O
VNB	B-Chemical
,	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
plus	O
GEM	B-Chemical
,	O
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
both	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
15	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
.	O

Toxicity	B-Disease
was	O
mild	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	O
,	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Grade	O
3	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
(	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
died	O
of	O
sepsis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
median	O
age	O
of	O
those	O
patients	O
developing	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
remaining	O
patients	O
(	O
75	O
years	O
vs	O
.	O
72	O
years	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
047	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
GEM	B-Chemical
and	O
VNB	B-Chemical
is	O
moderately	O
active	O
and	O
well	O
tolerated	O
except	O
in	O
patients	O
age	O
>	O
/	O
=	O
75	O
years	O
.	O

This	O
age	O
group	O
had	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
myelosuppression	B-Disease
.	O

New	O
chemotherapy	O
combinations	O
with	O
higher	O
activity	O
and	O
lower	O
toxicity	B-Disease
are	O
needed	O
for	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
selective	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D4	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
NRA0160	B-Chemical
:	O
a	O
preclinical	O
neuropharmacological	O
profile	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorobenzylidene	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
piperidin	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
yl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
thiazole	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxamide	I-Chemical
,	O
has	O
a	O
high	O
affinity	O
for	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	O
D4	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
D4	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
D4	O
.	O
7	O
receptors	O
,	O
with	O
Ki	O
values	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
nM	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
is	O
over	O
20	O
,	O
000fold	O
more	O
potent	O
at	O
the	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D4	O
.	O
2	O
receptor	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2L	O
receptor	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
has	O
negligible	O
affinity	O
for	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D3	O
receptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
39	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
rat	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
)	O
2A	O
receptors	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
180	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
rat	O
alpha1	O
adrenoceptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
237	O
nM	O
)	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
antagonized	O
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
MAP	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
antagonized	O
MAP	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
stereotyped	O
behavior	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	O
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
inhibition	O
,	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
induced	O
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	O
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
induction	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reversed	O
the	O
disruption	O
of	O
prepulse	O
inhibition	O
(	O
PPI	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
produced	O
by	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
shortened	O
the	O
phencyclidine	B-Chemical
(	O
PCP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
prolonged	O
swimming	O
latency	O
in	O
rats	O
in	O
a	O
water	O
maze	O
task	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
NRA0160	B-Chemical
may	O
have	O
unique	O
antipsychotic	O
activities	O
without	O
the	O
liability	O
of	O
motor	O
side	O
effects	O
typical	O
of	O
classical	O
antipsychotics	O
.	O

Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
is	O
accelerated	O
by	O
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
treatment	O
enhance	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
given	O
sufficient	O
doses	O
of	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
to	O
inhibit	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylation	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
,	O
a	O
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
expressed	O
by	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
and	O
macrophages	O
in	O
the	O
artery	O
wall	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
series	O
of	O
experiments	O
examined	O
the	O
influence	O
of	O
age	O
and	O
growth	O
status	O
on	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Treatment	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
with	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
caused	O
massive	O
focal	O
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
less	O
extensive	O
focal	O
calcification	B-Disease
in	O
42	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
no	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
detected	O
in	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
adult	O
rats	O
even	O
after	O
4	O
weeks	O
of	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

To	O
directly	O
examine	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
growth	O
to	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
animals	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
,	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
were	O
fed	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
either	O
an	O
ad	O
libitum	O
diet	O
or	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
g	O
/	O
d	O
restricted	O
diet	O
that	O
maintains	O
weight	O
but	O
prevents	O
growth	O
.	O

Concurrent	O
treatment	O
of	O
both	O
dietary	O
groups	O
with	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
produced	O
massive	O
focal	O
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
the	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
but	O
no	O
detectable	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
group	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
and	O
growth	O
status	O
cannot	O
be	O
determined	O
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relationship	O
between	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
and	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
30	O
%	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
in	O
young	O
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
was	O
resistant	O
to	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
,	O
ie	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
young	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
suggests	O
that	O
increased	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
set	O
of	O
experiments	O
examined	O
the	O
possible	O
synergy	O
between	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
and	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
in	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
are	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
as	O
little	O
as	O
3	O
to	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
the	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
K	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
are	O
also	O
known	O
to	O
cause	O
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
,	O
but	O
at	O
treatment	O
times	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
or	O
longer	O
yet	O
not	O
at	O
1	O
week	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
these	O
2	O
treatments	O
and	O
found	O
that	O
concurrent	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
administration	O
dramatically	O
increased	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
calcification	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
media	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
at	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
dose	O
on	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
dose	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
suggests	O
that	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
may	O
induce	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
through	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
.	O

Because	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
in	O
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
produced	O
by	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	O
.	O

High	O
levels	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
found	O
at	O
sites	O
of	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
plus	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
chemical	O
analysis	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
protein	O
that	O
accumulated	O
was	O
indeed	O
not	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylated	I-Chemical
.	O

These	O
observations	O
indicate	O
that	O
although	O
the	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxyglutamate	I-Chemical
residues	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
apparently	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
function	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
accumulation	O
at	O
calcification	B-Disease
sites	O
.	O

Apomorphine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
nonselective	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	I-Chemical
,	O
was	O
selected	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
biphasic	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
,	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
induce	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
to	O
produce	O
distinct	O
changes	O
to	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
in	O
the	O
rodent	O
brain	O
.	O

From	O
such	O
experiments	O
there	O
is	O
evidence	O
that	O
characterization	O
and	O
detection	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
activity	O
in	O
rodents	O
critically	O
depends	O
upon	O
the	O
test	O
conditions	O
employed	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
,	O
detection	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
was	O
facilitated	O
by	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
acclimatization	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
conditions	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
test	O
conditions	O
can	O
impact	O
upon	O
other	O
physiological	O
responses	O
to	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
such	O
as	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hypothermia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
mice	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
produced	O
qualitatively	O
different	O
responses	O
under	O
novel	O
conditions	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
those	O
behaviors	O
elicited	O
in	O
the	O
home	O
test	O
cage	O
.	O

By	O
contrast	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotion	O
was	O
more	O
prominent	O
in	O
the	O
novel	O
exploratory	O
box	O
.	O

Dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
ratios	O
(	O
DOPAC	B-Chemical
:	O
DA	O
and	O
HVA	B-Chemical
:	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
lower	O
in	O
those	O
animals	O
exposed	O
to	O
the	O
exploratory	O
box	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
their	O
home	O
cage	O
counterparts	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
reductions	O
in	O
striatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
both	O
novel	O
and	O
home	O
cage	O
environments	O
.	O

Hemolysis	B-Disease
of	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
induced	O
by	O
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
is	O
related	O
to	O
disruption	O
of	O
membrane	O
structure	O
.	O

Tamoxifen	B-Chemical
(	O
TAM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
the	O
antiestrogenic	O
drug	O
most	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
in	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
of	O
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
induces	O
changes	O
in	O
normal	O
discoid	O
shape	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
and	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TAM	B-Chemical
on	O
isolated	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
,	O
attempting	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanisms	O
on	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
biomembranes	O
in	O
its	O
cytostatic	O
action	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

TAM	B-Chemical
induces	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
of	O
erythrocytes	O
as	O
a	O
function	O
of	O
concentration	O
.	O

The	O
extension	O
of	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
is	O
variable	O
with	O
erythrocyte	O
samples	O
,	O
but	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
microM	O
TAM	B-Chemical
induces	O
total	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
of	O
all	O
tested	O
suspensions	O
.	O

Despite	O
inducing	O
extensive	O
erythrocyte	O
lysis	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
does	O
not	O
shift	O
the	O
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
TAM	B-Chemical
is	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
concentrations	O
of	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tocopherol	I-Chemical
(	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
T	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tocopherol	I-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TAc	I-Chemical
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	B-Chemical
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
further	O
evidenced	O
by	O
absence	O
of	O
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	O
and	O
hemoglobin	O
oxidation	O
both	O
determined	O
in	O
parallel	O
with	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
observed	O
that	O
TAM	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
the	O
peroxidation	O
of	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
induced	O
by	O
AAPH	B-Chemical
,	O
thus	O
ruling	O
out	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cell	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Hemolysis	B-Disease
caused	O
by	O
TAM	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
preceded	O
by	O
the	O
leakage	O
of	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
cells	O
,	O
also	O
excluding	O
a	O
colloid	O
-	O
osmotic	O
type	O
mechanism	O
of	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
effects	O
on	O
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
induces	O
release	O
of	O
peripheral	O
proteins	O
of	O
membrane	O
-	O
cytoskeleton	O
and	O
cytosol	O
proteins	O
essentially	O
bound	O
to	O
band	O
3	O
.	O

Either	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
T	I-Chemical
or	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TAc	I-Chemical
increases	O
membrane	O
packing	O
and	O
prevents	O
TAM	B-Chemical
partition	O
into	O
model	O
membranes	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
protection	O
from	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
by	O
tocopherols	B-Chemical
is	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
decreased	O
TAM	B-Chemical
incorporation	O
in	O
condensed	O
membranes	O
and	O
the	O
structural	O
damage	O
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
is	O
consequently	O
avoided	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	B-Disease
results	O
from	O
a	O
structural	O
perturbation	O
of	O
red	O
cell	O
membrane	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
framework	O
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
and	O
its	O
cytoskeleton	O
caused	O
by	O
its	O
high	O
partition	O
in	O
the	O
membrane	O
.	O

These	O
defects	O
explain	O
the	O
abnormal	O
erythrocyte	O
shape	O
and	O
decreased	O
mechanical	O
stability	O
promoted	O
by	O
TAM	B-Chemical
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
since	O
membrane	O
leakage	O
is	O
a	O
final	O
stage	O
of	O
cytotoxicity	O
,	O
the	O
disruption	O
of	O
the	O
structural	O
characteristics	O
of	O
biomembranes	O
by	O
TAM	B-Chemical
may	O
contribute	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
its	O
anticancer	O
action	O
.	O

Changes	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
and	O
ATP	B-Chemical
affinities	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
deficient	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
system	O
,	O
NO	B-Chemical
is	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
regulation	O
of	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
functions	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
induces	O
sustained	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
several	O
models	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
elevation	O
of	O
intracellular	O
sodium	B-Chemical
level	O
was	O
documented	O
in	O
cardiac	O
tissue	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	O
of	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	B-Disease
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	O
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
G	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

After	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
administration	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
increased	O
by	O
36	O
%	O
.	O

When	O
activating	O
the	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
with	O
its	O
substrate	O
ATP	B-Chemical
,	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
Km	O
and	O
Vmax	O
values	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

During	O
activation	O
with	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
,	O
the	O
Vmax	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
)	O
increased	O
by	O
50	O
%	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
profound	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
in	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
from	O
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
increased	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
higher	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
ATP	B-Chemical
-	O
binding	O
site	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
from	O
the	O
lowered	O
Km	O
value	O
for	O
ATP	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
Na	O
)	O
value	O
for	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
returned	O
to	O
control	O
value	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
synthase	O
induced	O
a	O
reversible	O
hypertension	B-Disease
accompanied	O
by	O
depressed	B-Disease
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
-	O
extrusion	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
deteriorated	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
-	O
binding	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
,	O
the	O
extrusion	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
was	O
normalized	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
by	O
restoration	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
activity	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
on	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
that	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
persisted	O
after	O
adrenalectomy	O
,	O
is	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
mediated	O
by	O
central	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptor	O
activation	O
and	O
(	O
ii	O
)	O
reduced	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
,	O
supporting	O
therefore	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
sympathetic	O
outflow	O
to	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
examine	O
whether	O
prolonged	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
could	O
abolish	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
for	O
15	O
days	O
caused	O
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
without	O
affecting	O
baseline	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

In	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
intravenous	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
(	O
150	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
induced	O
significant	O
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
unaffected	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
,	O
while	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
was	O
reversed	O
to	O
significant	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
was	O
partly	O
reduced	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
domperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Neither	O
cardiac	O
vagal	O
nor	O
sympathetic	O
tone	O
was	O
altered	O
by	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
.	O

In	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
heart	O
preparations	O
from	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
maximal	O
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
saline	O
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
(	O
the	O
EC50	O
of	O
the	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
enhanced	O
approximately	O
22	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
15	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
not	O
only	O
abolished	O
but	O
reversed	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
to	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
is	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
further	O
cardiac	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
desensitization	O
rather	O
than	O
to	O
impairment	O
of	O
autonomic	O
regulation	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

They	O
suggest	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
normal	O
conscious	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
central	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
of	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
predominate	O
and	O
to	O
mask	O
the	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
of	O
this	O
agonist	O
at	O
peripheral	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptors	O
.	O

A	O
developmental	O
analysis	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
in	O
infant	O
rats	O
.	O

Under	O
controlled	O
conditions	O
,	O
infant	O
rats	O
emit	O
ultrasonic	O
vocalizations	O
during	O
extreme	O
cold	O
exposure	O
and	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
the	O
alpha	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
adrenoceptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Previous	O
investigations	O
have	O
determined	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
increases	O
through	O
the	O
2nd	O
-	O
week	O
postpartum	O
and	O
decreases	O
thereafter	O
.	O

Given	O
that	O
sympathetic	O
neural	O
dominance	O
exhibits	O
a	O
similar	O
developmental	O
pattern	O
,	O
and	O
given	O
that	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
induces	O
sympathetic	O
withdrawal	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
developmental	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
would	O
mirror	O
each	O
other	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
experiment	O
,	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
were	O
examined	O
in	O
2	O
-	O
,	O
8	O
-	O
,	O
15	O
-	O
,	O
and	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

Age	O
-	O
related	O
changes	O
in	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
corresponded	O
with	O
changes	O
in	O
cardiovascular	O
variables	O
,	O
including	O
baseline	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
experiment	O
is	O
discussed	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
is	O
the	O
acoustic	O
by	O
-	O
product	O
of	O
a	O
physiological	O
maneuver	O
that	O
compensates	O
for	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
detrimental	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiovascular	O
function	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
use	O
of	O
newer	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
epidemiological	O
studies	O
that	O
assessed	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
newer	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
(	O
OC	B-Chemical
)	O
did	O
not	O
distinguish	O
between	O
patterns	O
of	O
OC	B-Chemical
use	O
,	O
namely	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
users	O
,	O
repeaters	O
and	O
switchers	O
.	O

Data	O
from	O
a	O
Transnational	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
for	O
the	O
latter	O
patterns	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
while	O
accounting	O
for	O
duration	O
of	O
use	O
.	O

Over	O
the	O
period	O
1993	O
-	O
1996	O
,	O
551	O
cases	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
were	O
identified	O
in	O
Germany	O
and	O
the	O
UK	O
along	O
with	O
2066	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
adjusted	O
rate	O
ratio	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
for	O
repeat	O
users	O
of	O
third	O
generation	O
OC	B-Chemical
was	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
relative	O
to	O
repeat	O
users	O
of	O
second	O
generation	O
pills	O
,	O
whereas	O
it	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
for	O
switchers	O
from	O
second	O
to	O
third	O
generation	O
pills	O
relative	O
to	O
switchers	O
from	O
third	O
to	O
second	O
generation	O
pills	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
second	O
and	O
third	O
generation	O
agents	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
equivalent	O
risks	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
when	O
the	O
same	O
agent	O
is	O
used	O
repeatedly	O
after	O
interruption	O
periods	O
or	O
when	O
users	O
are	O
switched	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
generations	O
of	O
pills	O
.	O

These	O
analyses	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
higher	O
risk	O
observed	O
for	O
the	O
newer	O
OC	B-Chemical
in	O
other	O
studies	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
inadequate	O
comparisons	O
of	O
pill	O
users	O
with	O
different	O
patterns	O
of	O
pill	O
use	O
.	O

Differential	O
effects	O
of	O
systemically	O
administered	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
dynamic	O
and	O
static	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
intradermal	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
in	O
humans	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
systemic	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
dynamic	O
)	O
pain	B-Disease
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
static	O
)	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
100	O
micrograms	O
was	O
injected	O
intradermally	O
on	O
the	O
volar	O
forearm	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusion	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
(	O
bolus	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
over	O
10	O
min	O
followed	O
by	O
infusion	O
of	O
7	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
5	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
or	O
saline	O
for	O
50	O
min	O
.	O

Infusion	O
started	O
15	O
min	O
after	O
injection	O
of	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
following	O
were	O
measured	O
:	O
spontaneous	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
pain	B-Disease
evoked	O
by	O
punctate	O
and	O
brush	O
stimuli	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
areas	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
reduced	O
both	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
significantly	O
and	O
it	O
tended	O
to	O
reduce	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
pain	O
.	O

Lidocaine	B-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
significantly	O
.	O

It	O
tended	O
to	O
reduce	O
VAS	O
scores	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
pain	B-Disease
but	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
evoked	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
differential	O
effects	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
static	O
and	O
dynamic	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
two	O
types	O
of	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
are	O
mediated	O
by	O
separate	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
distinct	O
pharmacology	O
.	O

Development	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
:	O
comparison	O
of	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
once	O
daily	O
)	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
of	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
breeder	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
two	O
consecutive	O
sets	O
.	O

In	O
male	O
animals	O
,	O
repeated	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
induced	O
a	O
gradual	O
development	O
of	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
the	O
increased	O
intensity	O
of	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
and	O
shortened	O
latency	O
before	O
the	O
first	O
attack	O
toward	O
the	O
opponent	O
.	O

In	O
female	O
rats	O
,	O
only	O
a	O
weak	O
tendency	O
toward	O
aggressiveness	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
gender	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
and	O
indicates	O
that	O
the	O
female	O
rats	O
do	O
not	O
fill	O
the	O
validation	O
criteria	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
this	O
method	O
.	O

Intracranial	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
and	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
prognostic	O
indicators	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
outcome	O
of	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
associated	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
is	O
reportedly	O
poor	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
review	O
of	O
admissions	O
during	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
revealed	O
14	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
group	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
of	O
135	O
patients	O
with	O
ruptured	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
and	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
.	O

Age	O
at	O
presentation	O
,	O
time	O
of	O
ictus	O
after	O
intoxication	O
,	O
Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	O
of	O
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
,	O
location	O
of	O
the	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
Glasgow	O
Outcome	O
Scale	O
score	O
were	O
assessed	O
and	O
compared	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
group	O
,	O
all	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
were	O
located	O
in	O
the	O
anterior	O
circulation	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
of	O
these	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
were	O
smaller	O
than	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
08	O
mm	O
versus	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
mm	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
and	O
age	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
were	O
significant	O
predictors	O
of	O
outcome	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
predisposed	O
aneurysmal	B-Disease
rupture	I-Disease
at	O
a	O
significantly	O
earlier	O
age	O
and	O
in	O
much	O
smaller	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
intravenous	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
outcome	O
after	O
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
Intravenous	O
Nimodipine	B-Chemical
West	O
European	O
Stroke	B-Disease
Trial	O
(	O
INWEST	O
)	O
found	O
a	O
correlation	O
between	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
(	O
BP	O
)	O
and	O
an	O
unfavorable	O
outcome	O
in	O
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
sought	O
to	O
confirm	O
this	O
correlation	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
adjustment	O
for	O
prognostic	O
variables	O
and	O
to	O
investigate	O
outcome	O
in	O
subgroups	O
with	O
increasing	O
levels	O
of	O
BP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
a	O
clinical	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
(	O
within	O
24	O
hours	O
)	O
were	O
consecutively	O
allocated	O
to	O
receive	O
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
100	O
)	O
,	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
101	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
94	O
)	O
.	O

Nimodipine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
BP	I-Disease
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
and	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
(	O
DBP	O
)	O
from	O
baseline	O
compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
few	O
days	O
.	O

In	O
multivariate	O
analysis	O
,	O
a	O
significant	O
correlation	O
between	O
DBP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
and	O
worsening	O
of	O
the	O
neurological	O
score	O
was	O
found	O
for	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
(	O
beta	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
49	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
048	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
a	O
DBP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
of	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
20	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
significantly	O
increased	O
adjusted	O
OR	O
for	O
the	O
compound	O
outcome	O
variable	O
death	B-Disease
or	O
dependency	O
(	O
Barthel	O
Index	O
<	O
60	O
)	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
25	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
10	O
.	O
16	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
02	O
to	O
101	O
.	O
74	O
)	O
and	O
death	B-Disease
alone	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
9	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
4	O
.	O
336	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
131	O
16	O
.	O
619	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
all	O
placebo	O
patients	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
62	O
/	O
92	O
and	O
14	O
/	O
92	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
DBP	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
SBP	O
,	O
reduction	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
neurological	O
worsening	O
after	O
the	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
after	O
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

For	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
results	O
were	O
not	O
conclusive	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
do	O
not	O
confirm	O
or	O
exclude	O
a	O
neuroprotective	O
property	O
of	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
.	O

Neonatal	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
responsive	O
convulsions	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
17	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
infant	O
on	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
therapy	O
13	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
daily	O
from	O
birth	O
because	O
of	O
maternal	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
was	O
admitted	O
after	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
clonic	B-Disease
fits	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
fits	B-Disease
ceased	O
within	O
4	O
hours	O
of	O
administering	O
intramuscular	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
an	O
aetiology	O
of	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
deficiency	O
secondary	O
to	O
isoniazid	B-Chemical
medication	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
sedation	O
for	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
There	O
recently	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
resurgence	O
in	O
the	O
utilization	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
unique	O
anesthetic	O
,	O
for	O
emergency	O
-	O
department	O
procedures	O
requiring	O
sedation	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
for	O
sedation	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
and	O
fourteen	O
children	O
(	O
average	O
age	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
twelve	O
months	O
to	O
ten	O
years	O
and	O
ten	O
months	O
)	O
who	O
underwent	O
closed	O
reduction	O
of	O
an	O
isolated	O
fracture	B-Disease
or	O
dislocation	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
at	O
a	O
level	O
-	O
I	O
trauma	B-Disease
center	O
were	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
intravenously	O
(	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
two	O
milligrams	O
per	O
kilogram	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
in	O
ninety	O
-	O
nine	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
and	O
intramuscularly	O
(	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
four	O
milligrams	O
per	O
kilogram	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
fifteen	O
.	O

Any	O
pain	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
reduction	O
was	O
rated	O
by	O
the	O
orthopaedic	O
surgeon	O
treating	O
the	O
patient	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	B-Disease
Scale	O
(	O
CHEOPS	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
to	O
manipulation	O
of	O
the	O
fracture	B-Disease
or	O
dislocation	B-Disease
was	O
one	O
minute	O
and	O
thirty	O
-	O
six	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
twenty	O
seconds	O
to	O
five	O
minutes	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intramuscular	O
administration	O
to	O
manipulation	O
was	O
four	O
minutes	O
and	O
forty	O
-	O
two	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
sixty	O
seconds	O
to	O
fifteen	O
minutes	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
score	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	B-Disease
Scale	O
was	O
6	O
.	O
4	O
points	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
5	O
to	O
10	O
points	O
)	O
,	O
reflecting	O
minimal	O
or	O
no	O
pain	B-Disease
during	O
fracture	B-Disease
reduction	O
.	O

Adequate	O
fracture	B-Disease
reduction	O
was	O
obtained	O
in	O
111	O
of	O
the	O
children	O
.	O

Minor	O
side	O
effects	O
included	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
emesis	B-Disease
(	O
eight	O
of	O
the	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
nausea	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
clumsiness	B-Disease
(	O
evident	O
as	O
ataxic	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
in	O
ten	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
dysphoric	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
(	O
one	O
patient	O
)	O
.	O

No	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
sequelae	O
were	O
noted	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
patients	O
had	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
or	O
nightmares	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Ketamine	B-Chemical
reliably	O
,	O
safely	O
,	O
and	O
quickly	O
provided	O
adequate	O
sedation	O
to	O
effectively	O
facilitate	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
at	O
our	O
institution	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
should	O
only	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
an	O
environment	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
,	O
where	O
proper	O
one	O
-	O
on	O
-	O
one	O
monitoring	O
is	O
used	O
and	O
board	O
-	O
certified	O
physicians	O
skilled	O
in	O
airway	O
management	O
are	O
directly	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
care	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
(	O
TMA	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
well	O
documented	O
.	O

Treatments	O
have	O
included	O
discontinuation	O
or	O
reduction	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
dose	O
with	O
or	O
without	O
concurrent	O
plasma	O
exchange	O
,	O
plasma	O
infusion	O
,	O
anticoagulation	O
,	O
and	O
intravenous	O
immunoglobulin	O
G	O
infusion	O
.	O

The	O
last	O
decade	O
has	O
seen	O
the	O
emergence	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
potent	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
with	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
action	O
virtually	O
identical	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
switching	O
to	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
viable	O
therapeutic	O
option	O
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
TMA	B-Disease
.	O

With	O
the	O
more	O
widespread	O
application	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	O
TMA	B-Disease
has	O
also	O
been	O
recognized	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
literature	O
regarding	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
TMA	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
exposed	O
sequentially	O
to	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
is	O
limited	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
living	O
donor	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
who	O
developed	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
TMA	B-Disease
that	O
responded	O
to	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
plasmapheresis	O
and	O
fresh	O
frozen	O
plasma	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
.	O

Introduction	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
TMA	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
subsequent	O
loss	O
of	O
the	O
renal	O
allograft	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
switched	O
from	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
to	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
or	O
vice	O
versa	O
should	O
be	O
closely	O
monitored	O
for	O
the	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
recurrent	O
TMA	B-Disease
.	O

Analgesic	O
effect	O
of	O
intravenous	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
morphine	B-Chemical
therapy	O
:	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
not	O
responsive	O
to	O
morphine	B-Chemical
is	O
often	O
problematic	O
.	O

Animal	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
antagonists	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
may	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
improving	O
opioid	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	B-Disease
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
slow	O
bolus	O
of	O
subhypnotic	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
10	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	O
whose	O
pain	B-Disease
was	O
unrelieved	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
on	O
a	O
0	O
to	O
10	O
numerical	O
scale	O
;	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
confusion	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
dry	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
,	O
using	O
a	O
scale	O
from	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
(	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
slight	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
,	O
awful	O
)	O
;	O
Mini	O
-	O
Mental	O
State	O
Examination	O
(	O
MMSE	O
)	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
recorded	O
before	O
administration	O
of	O
drugs	O
(	O
T0	O
)	O
and	O
after	O
30	O
minutes	O
(	O
T30	O
)	O
,	O
60	O
minutes	O
(	O
T60	O
)	O
,	O
120	O
minutes	O
(	O
T120	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
180	O
minutes	O
(	O
T180	O
)	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
saline	O
solution	O
,	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
in	O
almost	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
at	O
both	O
doses	O
.	O

Hallucinations	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
4	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
unpleasant	O
sensation	O
(	O
"	O
empty	O
head	O
"	O
)	O
was	O
also	O
reported	O
by	O
2	O
patients	O
.	O

These	O
episodes	O
reversed	O
after	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
intravenously	O
.	O

Significant	O
increases	O
in	O
drowsiness	O
were	O
reported	O
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
in	O
both	O
groups	O
and	O
were	O
more	O
marked	O
with	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
MMSE	O
was	O
observed	O
at	O
T30	O
in	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
can	O
improve	O
morphine	B-Chemical
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	B-Disease
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
observation	O
should	O
be	O
tested	O
in	O
studies	O
of	O
prolonged	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
within	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
therapeutic	O
approach	O
in	O
metastatic	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	O
combinations	O
improve	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
and	O
survival	O
in	O
advanced	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
feasibility	O
,	O
response	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
a	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
combination	O
to	O
treat	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
consecutive	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
naive	O
patients	O
with	O
Stage	O
IV	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
and	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
performance	O
status	O
of	O
0	O
-	O
2	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
135	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
3	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
6	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
30	O
minutes	O
)	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
and	O
8	O
,	O
every	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
responding	O
patients	O
were	O
scheduled	O
to	O
receive	O
consolidation	O
radiotherapy	O
and	O
24	O
patients	O
received	O
preplanned	O
second	O
-	O
line	O
chemotherapy	O
after	O
disease	O
progression	O
,	O
the	O
response	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
rates	O
reported	O
refer	O
only	O
to	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
regimen	O
given	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
examined	O
for	O
toxicity	B-Disease
;	O
34	O
were	O
examinable	O
for	O
response	O
.	O

After	O
154	O
courses	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
the	O
median	O
dose	O
intensity	O
was	O
131	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
117	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
1378	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
86	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
39	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
and	O
11	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
one	O
treatment	O
-	O
related	O
death	B-Disease
.	O

Nonhematologic	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
mild	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
is	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
shows	O
high	O
activity	O
in	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
treatment	O
merits	O
further	O
comparison	O
with	O
other	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
regimens	O
.	O

Serotonergic	O
antidepressants	O
and	O
urinary	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
.	O

Many	O
new	O
serotonergic	B-Chemical
antidepressants	I-Chemical
have	O
been	O
introduced	O
over	O
the	O
past	O
decade	O
.	O

Although	O
urinary	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
is	O
listed	O
as	O
one	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
in	O
their	O
package	O
inserts	O
there	O
is	O
only	O
one	O
report	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

This	O
concerns	O
2	O
male	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
incontinence	B-Disease
while	O
taking	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
paper	O
the	O
authors	O
describe	O
2	O
female	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
incontinence	B-Disease
secondary	O
to	O
the	O
selective	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	O
sertraline	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
third	O
who	O
developed	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
on	O
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
3	O
cases	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
also	O
taking	O
lithium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
and	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
,	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
could	O
have	O
contributed	O
to	O
the	O
incontinence	B-Disease
.	O

Animal	O
studies	O
suggest	O
that	O
incontinence	O
secondary	O
to	O
serotonergic	B-Chemical
antidepressants	I-Chemical
could	O
be	O
mediated	O
by	O
the	O
5HT4	O
receptors	O
found	O
on	O
the	O
bladder	O
.	O

Acute	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
:	O
differential	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
six	O
inbred	O
mouse	O
strains	O
.	O

Mature	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
mice	O
from	O
six	O
inbred	O
stains	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
behavioral	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
was	O
injected	O
ip	O
over	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
doses	O
(	O
50	O
-	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
behavior	O
was	O
monitored	O
for	O
20	O
minutes	O
.	O

Seizure	O
end	O
points	O
included	O
latency	O
to	O
forelimb	O
or	O
hindlimb	O
clonus	O
,	O
latency	O
to	O
clonic	O
running	O
seizure	B-Disease
and	O
latency	O
to	O
jumping	O
bouncing	O
seizure	B-Disease
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
levels	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
determined	O
in	O
hippocampus	O
and	O
cortex	O
were	O
not	O
different	O
between	O
sensitive	O
and	O
resistant	O
strains	O
.	O

Additional	O
studies	O
of	O
these	O
murine	O
strains	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
investigating	O
genetic	O
influences	O
on	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
tizanidine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
an	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
for	O
chronic	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Centrally	O
acting	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
adrenergic	O
agonists	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
several	O
pharmacologic	O
agents	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	B-Disease
related	O
to	O
disorders	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
their	O
effects	O
on	O
spasticity	B-Disease
,	O
certain	O
adverse	O
cardiorespiratory	O
effects	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

Adults	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitors	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
limited	O
ability	O
to	O
respond	O
to	O
hypotension	B-Disease
when	O
the	O
sympathetic	O
response	O
is	O
simultaneously	O
blocked	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
lisinopril	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
to	O
control	O
hypertension	B-Disease
who	O
developed	O
hypotension	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
tizanidine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
possible	O
interaction	O
of	O
tizanidine	B-Chemical
and	O
other	O
antihypertensive	O
agents	O
should	O
be	O
kept	O
in	O
mind	O
when	O
prescribing	O
therapy	O
to	O
treat	O
either	O
hypertension	B-Disease
or	O
spasticity	B-Disease
in	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
selected	O
for	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
to	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
are	O
also	O
differentially	O
sensitive	O
to	O
various	O
pharmacological	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
were	O
selectively	O
bred	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
sensitivity	O
(	O
BS	O
line	O
)	O
or	O
resistance	O
(	O
BR	O
line	O
)	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
methyl	B-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylate	I-Chemical
(	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CCM	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	O
inverse	O
agonist	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
site	O
.	O

Our	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
characterize	O
both	O
lines	O
'	O
sensitivities	O
to	O
various	O
physiological	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
ligands	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiolysis	O
with	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
,	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sedation	O
by	O
recording	O
the	O
vigilance	O
states	O
,	O
and	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
.	O

Results	O
presented	O
here	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
of	O
BS	O
and	O
BR	O
lines	O
to	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CCM	I-Chemical
can	O
be	O
extended	O
to	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
a	O
genetic	O
selection	O
of	O
a	O
general	O
sensitivity	O
and	O
resistance	O
to	O
several	O
ligands	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
perinuclear	O
-	O
staining	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
autoantibody	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
manifesting	O
with	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
treated	O
with	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
in	O
whom	O
a	O
syndrome	O
of	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
,	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
developed	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
had	O
a	O
febrile	B-Disease
illness	I-Disease
and	O
evidence	O
of	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
was	O
confirmed	O
by	O
biopsy	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
therapy	O
was	O
withdrawn	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
month	O
course	O
of	O
prednisone	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
alleviated	O
her	O
symptoms	O
.	O

A	O
literature	O
review	O
revealed	O
no	O
prior	O
reports	O
of	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
in	O
anti	O
-	O
MPO	O
pANCA	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
propylthio	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
uracil	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Pericarditis	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
the	O
initial	O
manifestation	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
attributable	O
to	O
propylthio	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
uracil	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Repeated	O
transient	O
anuria	B-Disease
following	O
losartan	B-Chemical
administration	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
hypertensive	O
man	O
with	O
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
and	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
two	O
episodes	O
of	O
transient	O
anuria	B-Disease
after	O
losartan	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
hospitalized	O
for	O
a	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
with	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
,	O
treated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
diuretics	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
severe	O
systolic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
losartan	B-Chemical
was	O
prescribed	O
.	O

Surprisingly	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
of	O
losartan	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
sudden	O
anuria	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
lasted	O
eight	O
hours	O
despite	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
furosemide	B-Chemical
and	O
amine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
.	O

One	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
by	O
mistake	O
,	O
losartan	B-Chemical
was	O
prescribed	O
again	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
second	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
a	O
second	O
episode	O
of	O
transient	O
anuria	B-Disease
lasting	O
10	O
hours	O
.	O

During	O
these	O
two	O
episodes	O
,	O
his	O
blood	O
pressure	O
diminished	O
but	O
no	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
noted	O
.	O

Ultimately	O
,	O
an	O
arteriography	O
showed	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
80	O
%	O
renal	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
patient	O
,	O
renal	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
combined	O
with	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
diuretic	O
therapy	O
certainly	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
strong	O
activation	O
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
(	O
RAS	O
)	O
.	O

Under	O
such	O
conditions	O
,	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
blockade	O
by	O
losartan	B-Chemical
probably	O
induced	O
a	O
critical	O
fall	O
in	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
pressure	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
highlights	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
antagonist	O
losartan	B-Chemical
can	O
cause	O
serious	O
unexpected	O
complications	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
renovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
extreme	O
caution	O
in	O
this	O
setting	O
.	O

Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
induced	O
pain	B-Disease
syndrome	O
(	O
CIPS	B-Disease
)	O
:	O
a	O
severe	O
disabling	O
complication	O
after	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Bone	O
pain	B-Disease
after	O
transplantation	O
is	O
a	O
frequent	O
complication	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
caused	O
by	O
several	O
diseases	O
.	O

Treatment	O
strategies	O
depend	O
on	O
the	O
correct	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Nine	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
their	O
feet	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
registered	O
after	O
transplantation	O
,	O
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

Magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
demonstrated	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
oedema	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
painful	O
bones	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
explained	O
by	O
other	O
diseases	O
causing	O
foot	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
like	O
reflex	B-Disease
sympathetic	I-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
,	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
,	O
Morton	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
neuralgia	I-Disease
,	O
gout	B-Disease
,	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
,	O
avascular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
intermittent	B-Disease
claudication	I-Disease
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	B-Disease
deformities	I-Disease
,	O
stress	B-Disease
fractures	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
reduction	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
or	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
trough	O
levels	O
and	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
led	O
to	O
relief	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
Induced	O
Pain	B-Disease
Syndrome	O
(	O
CIPS	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
severe	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
or	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
is	O
accurately	O
diagnosed	O
by	O
its	O
typical	O
presentation	O
,	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
bone	O
scans	O
.	O

Incorrect	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
the	O
syndrome	O
will	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
of	O
life	O
quality	O
in	O
patients	O
suffering	O
from	O
CIPS	B-Disease
.	O

Brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
is	O
a	O
predictor	O
of	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Anthracyclines	B-Chemical
are	O
effective	O
antineoplastic	O
drugs	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
frequently	O
cause	O
dose	O
-	O
related	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
conventional	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
therapy	O
highlights	O
a	O
need	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
methods	O
that	O
are	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
and	O
capable	O
of	O
predicting	O
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
measured	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
BNP	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
BNP	O
might	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
simple	O
diagnostic	O
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
treated	O
with	O
a	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DNR	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

Thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
DNR	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
developed	O
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
were	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
having	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
BNP	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
clinical	O
and	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
increased	O
above	O
the	O
normal	O
limit	O
(	O
40	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
before	O
the	O
detection	O
of	O
clinical	O
or	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
by	O
radionuclide	O
angiography	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
BNP	O
did	O
not	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
patients	O
without	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
given	O
DNR	B-Chemical
,	O
even	O
at	O
more	O
than	O
700	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
ANP	O
did	O
not	O
always	O
increase	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
clinical	O
and	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
preliminary	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
BNP	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
as	O
an	O
early	O
and	O
sensitive	O
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	O
combined	O
cephalothin	B-Chemical
-	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
regimen	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
characterized	O
clinically	O
by	O
acute	O
oliguric	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
while	O
they	O
were	O
receiving	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
cephalothin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
given	O
this	O
drug	O
regimen	O
should	O
be	O
observed	O
very	O
carefully	O
for	O
early	O
signs	O
of	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
should	O
not	O
be	O
given	O
this	O
regimen	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	O
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	B-Disease
cell	O
deaths	O
during	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lung	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	B-Chemical
grape	I-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
proanthocyanidin	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
.	O

Grape	B-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
,	O
primarily	O
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
proanthocyanidins	B-Chemical
,	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
modulate	O
a	O
wide	O
-	O
range	O
of	O
biological	O
,	O
pharmacological	O
and	O
toxicological	O
effects	O
which	O
are	O
mainly	O
cytoprotective	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	B-Chemical
grape	I-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
proanthocyanidin	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
(	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
)	O
to	O
prevent	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
AAP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
(	O
AMI	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Experimental	O
design	O
consisted	O
of	O
four	O
groups	O
:	O
control	O
(	O
vehicle	O
alone	O
)	O
,	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
alone	O
,	O
drug	O
alone	O
and	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
+	O
drug	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
cytoprotection	O
study	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
orally	O
gavaged	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
for	O
7	O
-	O
10	O
days	O
followed	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
of	O
organ	O
specific	O
three	O
drugs	O
(	O
AAP	B-Chemical
:	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
24	O
h	O
;	O
AMI	B-Chemical
:	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
;	O
DOX	B-Chemical
:	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

Results	O
indicate	O
that	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
preexposure	O
prior	O
to	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
AMI	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
provided	O
near	O
complete	O
protection	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
changes	O
(	O
ALT	O
,	O
BUN	O
and	O
CPK	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
DNA	O
fragmentation	O
.	O

Histopathological	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
,	O
heart	O
and	O
lung	O
sections	O
revealed	O
moderate	O
to	O
massive	O
tissue	O
damage	O
with	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
morphological	O
aberrations	O
by	O
all	O
the	O
three	O
drugs	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
preexposure	O
than	O
in	O
its	O
presence	O
.	O

GSPE	B-Chemical
+	O
drug	O
exposed	O
tissues	O
exhibited	O
minor	O
residual	O
damage	O
or	O
near	O
total	O
recovery	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
drugs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
AMI	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
induced	O
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
necrosis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
respective	O
organs	O
which	O
was	O
very	O
effectively	O
blocked	O
by	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
.	O

Since	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
AMI	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
undergo	O
biotransformation	O
and	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
produce	O
damaging	O
radicals	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
the	O
protection	O
by	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
linked	O
to	O
both	O
inhibition	O
of	O
metabolism	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
detoxification	O
of	O
cytotoxic	O
radicals	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
this	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
on	O
AMI	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
the	O
lung	O
tissue	O
.	O

Taken	O
together	O
,	O
these	O
events	O
undoubtedly	O
establish	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
abundant	O
bioavailability	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
defend	O
multiple	O
target	O
organs	O
from	O
toxic	O
assaults	O
induced	O
by	O
structurally	O
diverse	O
and	O
functionally	O
different	O
entities	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Antidepressant	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
mania	B-Disease
in	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patients	O
:	O
identification	O
of	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Concerns	O
about	O
possible	O
risks	O
of	O
switching	O
to	O
mania	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
antidepressants	B-Chemical
continue	O
to	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
an	O
optimal	O
treatment	O
paradigm	O
for	O
bipolar	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
The	O
response	O
of	O
44	O
patients	O
meeting	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
criteria	O
for	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
to	O
naturalistic	O
treatment	O
was	O
assessed	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
6	O
weeks	O
using	O
the	O
Montgomery	O
-	O
Asberg	O
Depression	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
and	O
the	O
Bech	O
-	O
Rafaelson	O
Mania	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	B-Disease
or	O
hypomanic	B-Disease
switch	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
IV	I-Disease
bipolar	I-Disease
I	I-Disease
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	B-Disease
II	I-Disease
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	B-Chemical
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	B-Chemical
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Switches	O
to	O
hypomania	B-Disease
or	O
mania	B-Disease
occurred	O
in	O
27	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
patients	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
(	O
and	O
in	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
SSRIs	B-Chemical
[	O
8	O
/	O
33	O
]	O
)	O
;	O
16	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
experienced	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
experienced	O
hypomanic	B-Disease
episodes	O
.	O

Sex	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
bipolar	B-Disease
I	I-Disease
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	B-Disease
II	I-Disease
)	O
,	O
and	O
additional	O
treatment	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
switching	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
mood	O
switches	O
were	O
less	O
frequent	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
lithium	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
%	O
,	O
4	O
/	O
26	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
patients	O
not	O
treated	O
with	O
lithium	B-Chemical
(	O
44	O
%	O
,	O
8	O
/	O
18	O
;	O
p	O
=	O
.	O
04	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
probability	O
of	O
switching	O
,	O
whereas	O
a	O
high	O
score	O
on	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semistructured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
greater	O
risk	O
of	O
switching	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
.	O
008	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
frequency	O
of	O
mood	O
switching	O
associated	O
with	O
acute	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
therapy	O
may	O
be	O
reduced	O
by	O
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Peritubular	O
capillary	O
basement	O
membrane	O
reduplication	O
in	O
allografts	O
and	O
native	O
kidney	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
clinicopathologic	O
study	O
of	O
278	O
consecutive	O
renal	O
specimens	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
An	O
association	O
has	O
been	O
found	O
between	O
transplant	B-Disease
glomerulopathy	I-Disease
(	O
TG	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
reduplication	O
of	O
peritubular	O
capillary	O
basement	O
membranes	O
(	O
PTCR	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
renal	O
allografts	O
with	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
also	O
examined	O
grafts	O
with	O
acute	O
rejection	O
,	O
recurrent	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
,	O
chronic	B-Disease
allograft	I-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
and	O
stable	O
grafts	O
(	O
"	O
protocol	O
biopsies	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

Native	O
kidney	O
specimens	O
included	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
glomerulopathies	B-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
cases	O
of	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
,	O
malignant	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
,	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
found	O
PTCR	O
in	O
14	O
of	O
15	O
cases	O
of	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
7	O
transplant	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
without	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
in	O
13	O
of	O
143	O
native	O
kidney	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
.	O

These	O
13	O
included	O
cases	O
of	O
malignant	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
,	O
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
,	O
lupus	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
,	O
Henoch	O
-	O
Schonlein	O
nephritis	O
,	O
crescentic	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Mild	O
PTCR	O
in	O
allografts	O
without	O
TG	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
predict	O
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
or	O
significant	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
periods	O
of	O
between	O
3	O
months	O
and	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
conclude	O
that	O
in	O
transplants	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
strong	O
association	O
between	O
well	O
-	O
developed	O
PTCR	O
and	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
the	O
significance	O
of	O
mild	O
PTCR	O
and	O
its	O
predictive	O
value	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
TG	B-Disease
is	O
unclear	O
.	O

PTCR	O
also	O
occurs	O
in	O
certain	O
native	O
kidney	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
,	O
though	O
the	O
association	O
is	O
not	O
as	O
strong	O
as	O
that	O
for	O
TG	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
repeated	O
endothelial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
immunologic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
this	O
lesion	O
both	O
in	O
allografts	O
and	O
native	O
kidneys	O
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
:	O
an	O
unrecognised	O
danger	O
of	O
healthfood	O
products	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
mitral	B-Disease
valve	I-Disease
prolapse	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
intractable	O
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
after	O
consuming	O
a	O
"	O
natural	O
energy	O
"	O
guarana	O
health	O
drink	O
containing	O
a	O
high	O
concentration	O
of	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

Conformationally	O
restricted	O
analogs	O
of	O
BD1008	B-Chemical
and	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	B-Chemical
targeting	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
produce	O
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
effects	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
ability	O
to	O
interact	O
with	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
suggests	O
that	O
these	O
proteins	O
mediate	O
some	O
of	O
its	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
three	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
with	O
antagonist	O
activity	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
:	O
BD1018	B-Chemical
(	O
3S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diazabicyclo	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
nonane	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
(	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylpiperazine	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
LR132	B-Chemical
(	O
1R	O
,	O
2S	O
-	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cis	O
-	O
N	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
pyrrolidinyl	O
)	O
cyclohexylamine	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
compounds	O
vary	O
in	O
their	O
affinities	O
for	O
sigma2	O
receptors	O
and	O
exhibit	O
negligible	O
affinities	O
for	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
opioid	O
,	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
and	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	O
.	O

In	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
,	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
BD1018	B-Chemical
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
LR132	B-Chemical
significantly	O
attenuated	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
lethality	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
post	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
LR132	B-Chemical
prevented	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
lethality	O
in	O
a	O
significant	O
proportion	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
protection	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
putative	O
antagonists	O
,	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
characterized	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
di	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
o	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tolylguanidine	I-Chemical
(	O
DTG	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
the	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
BD1031	B-Chemical
(	O
3R	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diazabicyclo	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
nonane	I-Chemical
)	O
each	O
worsened	O
the	O
behavioral	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

At	O
doses	O
where	O
alone	O
,	O
they	O
produced	O
no	O
significant	O
effects	O
on	O
locomotion	O
,	O
BD1018	B-Chemical
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
and	O
LR132	B-Chemical
significantly	O
attenuated	O
the	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

To	O
further	O
validate	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
effects	O
of	O
the	O
novel	O
ligands	O
involved	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
,	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	B-Chemical
against	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
was	O
also	O
shown	O
to	O
significantly	O
attenuate	O
the	O
convulsive	B-Disease
and	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Together	O
,	O
the	O
data	O
suggests	O
that	O
functional	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
is	O
capable	O
of	O
attenuating	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
behaviors	O
.	O

Ranitidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
cadaveric	O
renal	O
allograft	O
.	O

Ranitidine	B-Chemical
frequently	O
is	O
used	O
for	O
preventing	O
peptic	O
ulceration	O
after	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
.	O

This	O
drug	O
occasionally	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	O
native	O
kidneys	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
recipient	O
of	O
a	O
cadaveric	O
renal	O
allograft	O
presenting	O
with	O
acute	O
allograft	O
dysfunction	O
within	O
48	O
hours	O
of	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
report	O
presents	O
the	O
clinical	O
,	O
laboratory	O
,	O
and	O
light	O
and	O
electron	O
microscopic	O
observations	O
on	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
chronic	B-Disease
active	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
aggressive	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
is	O
an	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
must	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
the	O
evaluation	O
of	O
chronic	O
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
rabbit	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
during	O
dose	O
reduction	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

Rabbit	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
RS	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
extrapyramidal	O
side	O
effect	O
caused	O
by	O
prolonged	O
neuroleptic	O
medication	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
present	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
RS	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
of	O
its	O
kind	O
to	O
be	O
reported	O
.	O

The	O
patient	O
developed	O
RS	B-Disease
during	O
dose	O
reduction	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
symptom	O
was	O
treated	O
successfully	O
with	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
anticholinergic	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
RS	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
present	O
case	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
profile	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
serotonin	O
-	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
antagonist	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
pathophysiologic	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
system	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
RS	B-Disease
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
assessment	O
of	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
E4031	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
,	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
and	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
on	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	O
duration	O
in	O
dog	O
.	O

Torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TDP	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
a	O
potentially	O
fatal	O
ventricular	O
tachycardia	O
associated	O
with	O
increases	O
in	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	O
duration	O
(	O
MAPD	O
)	O
.	O

TDP	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
side	O
-	O
effect	O
that	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
several	O
drugs	O
from	O
the	O
market	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
and	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

The	O
potential	O
of	O
compounds	O
to	O
cause	O
TDP	B-Disease
was	O
evaluated	O
by	O
monitoring	O
their	O
effects	O
on	O
MAPD	O
in	O
dog	O
.	O

Four	O
compounds	O
known	O
to	O
increase	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
cause	O
TDP	B-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
:	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
and	O
E4031	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
free	O
ED50	O
in	O
plasma	O
for	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
(	O
76	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
(	O
11	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
E4031	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
closely	O
correlate	O
with	O
the	O
free	O
concentration	O
in	O
man	O
causing	O
QT	O
effects	O
.	O

For	O
compounds	O
that	O
have	O
shown	O
TDP	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
clinic	O
(	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
)	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
differentiation	O
between	O
the	O
dog	O
ED50	O
and	O
the	O
efficacious	O
free	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
in	O
man	O
(	O
<	O
10	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
reflecting	O
their	O
limited	O
safety	O
margins	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
underline	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
maximize	O
the	O
therapeutic	O
ratio	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
TDP	B-Disease
in	O
potential	O
development	O
candidates	O
and	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
using	O
free	O
drug	O
concentrations	O
in	O
pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
studies	O
.	O

Bladder	O
retention	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
urine	I-Disease
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
continuous	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
:	O
2	O
case	O
reports	O
.	O

Sedation	O
has	O
been	O
commonly	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
neonate	O
to	O
decrease	O
the	O
stress	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
from	O
the	O
noxious	O
stimuli	O
and	O
invasive	O
procedures	O
in	O
the	O
neonatal	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
to	O
facilitate	O
synchrony	O
between	O
ventilator	O
and	O
spontaneous	O
breaths	O
.	O

Fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
opioid	O
analgesic	O
,	O
is	O
frequently	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
neonatal	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
setting	O
for	O
these	O
very	O
purposes	O
.	O

Various	O
reported	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
administration	O
include	O
chest	B-Disease
wall	I-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
,	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
respiratory	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Here	O
,	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
urinary	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
retention	I-Disease
leading	O
to	O
renal	O
pelvocalyceal	O
dilatation	O
mimicking	O
hydronephrosis	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
fentanyl	B-Chemical
are	O
reported	O
.	O

Fatal	O
myeloencephalopathy	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
accidental	O
intrathecal	O
vincristin	B-Chemical
administration	O
:	O
a	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
two	O
fatal	O
cases	O
of	O
accidental	O
intrathecal	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
instillation	O
in	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
girl	O
with	O
recurrent	O
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leucemia	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
lymphoblastic	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
girl	O
died	O
seven	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
man	O
four	O
weeks	O
after	O
intrathecal	O
injection	O
of	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
.	O

Clinically	O
,	O
the	O
onset	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
the	O
signs	O
of	O
opistothonus	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
sensory	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
motor	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
ascending	O
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

Histological	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
investigations	O
(	O
HE	O
-	O
LFB	O
,	O
CD	O
-	O
68	O
,	O
Neurofilament	O
)	O
revealed	O
degeneration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
myelin	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
axons	I-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
pseudocystic	B-Disease
transformation	I-Disease
in	O
areas	O
exposed	O
to	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
,	O
accompanied	O
by	O
secondary	O
changes	O
with	O
numerous	O
prominent	O
macrophages	O
.	O

A	O
better	O
controlled	O
regimen	O
for	O
administering	O
vincristine	B-Chemical
and	O
intrathecal	O
chemotherapy	O
is	O
recommended	O
.	O

Palpebral	O
twitching	O
in	O
a	O
depressed	B-Disease
adolescent	O
on	O
citalopram	B-Chemical
.	O

Current	O
estimates	O
suggest	O
that	O
between	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
children	O
and	O
adolescents	O
are	O
affected	O
by	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
favorable	O
response	O
to	O
treatment	O
with	O
citalopram	B-Chemical
by	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
with	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
who	O
exhibited	O
palpebral	B-Disease
twitching	I-Disease
during	O
his	O
first	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

This	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
citalopram	B-Chemical
as	O
it	O
remitted	O
with	O
redistribution	O
of	O
doses	O
.	O

The	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
syndrome	O
strikes	O
again	O
.	O

A	O
34	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
lady	O
developed	O
a	O
constellation	O
of	O
dermatitis	B-Disease
,	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
lymphadenopathy	B-Disease
and	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
beginning	O
on	O
the	O
17th	O
day	O
of	O
a	O
course	O
of	O
oral	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
for	O
sero	O
-	O
negative	O
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

Cervical	O
and	O
inguinal	O
lymph	O
node	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
severe	O
necrotising	O
lymphadenitis	B-Disease
,	O
associated	O
with	O
erythrophagocytosis	O
and	O
prominent	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltrates	O
,	O
without	O
viral	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
.	O
A	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
fulminant	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
anti	O
-	O
nuclear	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	O
markers	O
of	O
autoimmunity	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
and	O
accompanied	O
by	O
multi	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
organ	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
sepsis	B-Disease
,	O
supervened	O
.	O

She	O
subsequently	O
died	O
some	O
5	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
her	O
drug	O
therapy	O
.	O
Post	O
-	O
mortem	O
examination	O
showed	O
evidence	O
of	O
massive	B-Disease
hepatocellular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
acute	O
hypersensitivity	O
myocarditis	O
,	O
focal	O
acute	O
tubulo	O
-	O
interstitial	O
nephritis	B-Disease
and	O
extensive	O
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
malignancy	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
thought	O
that	O
the	O
clinico	O
-	O
pathological	O
features	O
and	O
chronology	O
of	O
this	O
case	O
bore	O
the	O
hallmarks	O
of	O
the	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
"	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
syndrome	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
rare	O
,	O
but	O
often	O
fatal	O
,	O
immunoallergic	O
reaction	O
to	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
.	O

Intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
by	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
infusion	O
versus	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
bolus	O
does	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
trial	O
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
sought	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
intravenous	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
bolus	O
or	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
infusion	O
.	O

Patients	O
aged	O
18	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
treated	O
with	O
prochlorperazine	O
for	O
headache	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
vomiting	B-Disease
were	O
eligible	O
for	O
inclusion	O
.	O

Study	O
participants	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	O
mg	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
administered	O
intravenously	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
push	O
(	O
bolus	O
group	O
)	O
or	O
10	O
mg	O
diluted	O
in	O
50	O
mL	O
of	O
normal	O
saline	O
solution	O
administered	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
during	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
period	O
(	O
infusion	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
main	O
outcome	O
was	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
study	O
participants	O
experiencing	O
akathisia	B-Disease
within	O
60	O
minutes	O
of	O
administration	O
.	O

Akathisia	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
either	O
a	O
spontaneous	O
report	O
of	O
restlessness	O
or	O
agitation	B-Disease
or	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
2	O
or	O
more	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
-	O
reported	O
akathisia	B-Disease
rating	O
scale	O
and	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
1	O
in	O
the	O
investigator	O
-	O
observed	O
akathisia	B-Disease
rating	O
scale	O
.	O

The	O
intensity	O
of	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
with	O
a	O
100	O
-	O
mm	O
visual	O
analog	O
scale	O
.	O

Seventy	O
-	O
three	O
percent	O
(	O
73	O
/	O
99	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
participants	O
were	O
treated	O
for	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
70	O
%	O
(	O
70	O
/	O
99	O
)	O
for	O
nausea	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
bolus	O
group	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
(	O
13	O
/	O
50	O
)	O
had	O
akathisia	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
32	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
(	O
16	O
/	O
49	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
infusion	O
group	O
(	O
Delta	O
=	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
-	O
24	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
11	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
bolus	O
and	O
infusion	O
groups	O
in	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
participants	O
who	O
saw	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
their	O
headache	B-Disease
intensity	O
within	O
30	O
minutes	O
was	O
11	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
33	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
their	O
nausea	B-Disease
was	O
12	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
29	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
A	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
when	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
versus	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
intravenous	O
push	O
was	O
not	O
detected	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
headache	B-Disease
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
likewise	O
did	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
administration	O
,	O
although	O
no	O
formal	O
statistical	O
comparisons	O
were	O
made	O
.	O

Combined	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
causes	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
and	O
elevates	O
plasma	O
lactate	B-Chemical
in	O
transgenic	O
AIDS	B-Disease
mice	O
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
(	O
CM	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
in	O
elevated	O
plasma	O
lactate	B-Chemical
(	O
LA	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
AIDS	B-Disease
through	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

To	O
determine	O
mitochondrial	O
events	O
from	O
HAART	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
-	O
old	O
hemizygous	O
transgenic	O
AIDS	B-Disease
mice	O
(	O
NL4	O
-	O
3Delta	O
gag	O
/	O
pol	O
;	O
TG	O
)	O
and	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
FVB	O
/	O
n	O
littermates	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
HAART	O
combination	O
of	O
zidovudine	B-Chemical
,	O
lamivudine	O
,	O
and	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
control	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
or	O
35	O
days	O
.	O

At	O
termination	O
of	O
the	O
experiments	O
,	O
mice	O
underwent	O
echocardiography	O
,	O
quantitation	O
of	O
abundance	O
of	O
molecular	O
markers	O
of	O
CM	B-Disease
(	O
ventricular	O
mRNA	O
encoding	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
[	O
ANF	O
]	O
and	O
sarcoplasmic	O
calcium	B-Chemical
ATPase	O
[	O
SERCA2	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
determination	O
of	O
plasma	O
LA	B-Chemical
.	O

Biochemically	O
,	O
LA	B-Chemical
was	O
elevated	O
(	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mM	O
)	O
.	O

Results	O
show	O
that	O
cumulative	O
HAART	O
caused	O
mitochondrial	O
CM	B-Disease
with	O
elevated	O
LA	B-Chemical
in	O
AIDS	B-Disease
transgenic	O
mice	O
.	O

A	O
Phase	O
II	O
trial	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
plus	O
WR	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2721	I-Chemical
(	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
)	O
for	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
:	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
Study	O
(	O
E8188	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
has	O
minimal	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
when	O
used	O
as	O
second	O
-	O
or	O
third	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	O
of	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

Older	O
reports	O
suggest	O
an	O
objective	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
8	O
%	O
when	O
60	O
-	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
administered	O
every	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
)	O
have	O
limited	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

WR	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2721	I-Chemical
or	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
initially	O
was	O
developed	O
to	O
protect	O
military	O
personnel	O
in	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
nuclear	O
war	O
.	O

Amifostine	B-Chemical
subsequently	O
was	O
shown	O
to	O
protect	O
normal	O
tissues	O
from	O
the	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
alkylating	B-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
and	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
without	O
decreasing	O
the	O
antitumor	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Early	O
trials	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
also	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
were	O
reduced	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
Phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
plus	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
progressive	O
metastatic	O
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
who	O
had	O
received	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
,	O
chemotherapy	O
regimen	O
for	O
metastatic	O
disease	O
.	O

Patients	O
received	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
,	O
910	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
intravenously	O
over	O
15	O
minutes	O
.	O

After	O
completion	O
of	O
the	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
infusion	O
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
was	O
administered	O
over	O
30	O
minutes	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
hydration	O
and	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	O
before	O
and	O
after	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Neurologic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
reported	O
in	O
52	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Seven	O
different	O
life	O
-	O
threatening	O
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
while	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
study	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
16	O
%	O
.	O

Neither	O
a	O
tumor	B-Disease
-	O
protective	O
effect	O
nor	O
reduced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
to	O
normal	O
tissues	O
was	O
observed	O
with	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
to	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
trial	O
.	O

Oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
An	O
association	O
between	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
has	O
been	O
found	O
in	O
some	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
all	O
,	O
studies	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
progestagen	B-Chemical
included	O
in	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
desogestrel	O
or	O
gestodene	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
levonorgestrel	B-Chemical
)	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
estrogen	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
prothrombotic	O
mutations	O
METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
nationwide	O
,	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
and	O
enrolled	O
248	O
women	O
18	O
through	O
49	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
a	O
first	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1995	O
and	O
925	O
control	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
and	O
who	O
were	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
calendar	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
index	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
area	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O

Subjects	O
supplied	O
information	O
on	O
oral	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
use	O
and	O
major	O
cardiovascular	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

An	O
analysis	O
for	O
factor	O
V	O
Leiden	O
and	O
the	O
G20210A	O
mutation	O
in	O
the	O
prothrombin	O
gene	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
217	O
patients	O
and	O
763	O
controls	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
odds	O
ratio	O
for	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
any	O
type	O
of	O
combined	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
,	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
nonusers	O
,	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
adjusted	O
odds	O
ratio	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
among	O
those	O
who	O
used	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

Among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
odds	O
ratio	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
without	O
a	O
prothrombotic	O
mutation	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
with	O
a	O
mutation	O
CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
increased	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
results	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
were	O
inconclusive	O
but	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
was	O
lower	O
than	O
the	O
risk	O
associated	O
with	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
similar	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
whether	O
or	O
not	O
they	O
had	O
a	O
prothrombotic	O
mutation	O
.	O

End	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
after	O
orthotopic	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
(	O
OLTX	O
)	O
using	O
calcineurin	O
-	O
based	O
immunotherapy	O
:	O
risk	O
of	O
development	O
and	O
treatment	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
are	O
both	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
had	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
are	O
presenting	O
after	O
OLTX	O
with	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

This	O
retrospective	O
study	O
examines	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
treatment	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
and	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CRF	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
OLTX	O
patients	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
:	O
Controls	O
,	O
no	O
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
748	O
;	O
CRF	B-Disease
,	O
sustained	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
>	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
41	O
;	O
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
45	O
.	O

Groups	O
were	O
compared	O
for	O
preoperative	O
laboratory	O
variables	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
,	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
,	O
survival	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
survival	O
from	O
onset	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
At	O
13	O
years	O
after	O
OLTX	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
severe	O
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
was	O
18	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
CRF	B-Disease
8	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
9	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
control	O
patients	O
,	O
CRF	B-Disease
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
patients	O
had	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
a	O
greater	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatorenal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
higher	O
percentage	O
requirement	O
for	O
dialysis	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
higher	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
.	O

Multivariate	O
stepwise	O
logistic	O
regression	O
analysis	O
using	O
preoperative	O
and	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
identified	O
that	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
average	O
at	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
4	O
weeks	O
postoperatively	O
were	O
independent	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
with	O
odds	O
ratios	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Overall	O
survival	O
from	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
OLTX	O
was	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
among	O
groups	O
,	O
but	O
by	O
year	O
13	O
,	O
the	O
survival	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
who	O
had	O
ESRD	B-Disease
was	O
only	O
28	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
compared	O
with	O
54	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

Patients	O
developing	O
ESRD	B-Disease
had	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
survival	O
after	O
onset	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
of	O
27	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
receiving	O
hemodialysis	O
versus	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
developing	O
ESRD	B-Disease
who	O
subsequently	O
received	O
kidney	O
transplants	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Patients	O
who	O
are	O
more	O
than	O
10	O
years	O
post	O
-	O
OLTX	O
have	O
CRF	B-Disease
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
at	O
a	O
high	O
rate	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
decreases	O
survival	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
those	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
dialysis	O
only	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
develop	O
ESRD	B-Disease
have	O
a	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
and	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
are	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
hepatorenal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
at	O
various	O
times	O
postoperatively	O
is	O
more	O
predictive	O
of	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

Epileptic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
following	O
cortical	O
application	O
of	O
fibrin	O
sealants	O
containing	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
synthetic	O
fibrinolysis	O
inhibitors	O
such	O
as	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
)	O
have	O
been	O
considered	O
as	O
substitutes	O
for	O
aprotinin	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
cause	O
epileptic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
wanted	O
to	O
study	O
whether	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
retains	O
its	O
convulsive	B-Disease
action	O
if	O
incorporated	O
into	O
a	O
FS	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
FS	O
containing	O
aprotinin	O
or	O
different	O
concentrations	O
of	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
were	O
applied	O
to	O
the	O
pial	O
surface	O
of	O
the	O
cortex	O
of	O
anaesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
FS	O
containing	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
caused	O
paroxysmal	O
brain	O
activity	O
which	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
distinct	O
convulsive	B-Disease
behaviours	O
.	O

The	O
degree	O
of	O
these	O
seizures	B-Disease
increased	O
with	O
increasing	O
concentration	O
of	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
FS	O
containing	O
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
evoked	O
generalized	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
in	O
all	O
tested	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
lowest	O
concentration	O
of	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
only	O
evoked	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
jerk	O
-	O
correlated	O
convulsive	B-Disease
potentials	O
in	O
1	O
of	O
6	O
rats	O
.	O

INTERPRETATION	O
:	O
Tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
retains	O
its	O
convulsive	B-Disease
action	O
within	O
FS	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
FS	O
containing	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
for	O
surgery	O
within	O
or	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
CNS	O
may	O
pose	O
a	O
substantial	O
risk	O
to	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Sequential	O
observations	O
of	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
and	O
subsequent	O
morphological	O
changes	O
by	O
mouse	O
exo	O
utero	O
development	O
system	O
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

Anencephaly	B-Disease
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
to	O
develop	O
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
;	O
however	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
direct	O
experimental	O
evidence	O
to	O
support	O
this	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
transformation	O
remains	O
unclear	O
.	O

We	O
observed	O
the	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
azacytidine	I-Chemical
at	O
embryonic	O
day	O
13	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
let	O
the	O
embryos	O
develop	O
exo	O
utero	O
until	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
re	O
-	O
observed	O
the	O
same	O
embryos	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

We	O
confirmed	O
several	O
cases	O
of	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
many	O
cases	O
,	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
brain	O
tissue	O
was	O
preserved	O
with	O
more	O
or	O
less	O
reduction	O
during	O
this	O
period	O
.	O

To	O
analyze	O
the	O
transformation	O
patterns	O
,	O
we	O
classified	O
the	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
by	O
size	O
and	O
shape	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
into	O
several	O
types	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
was	O
not	O
simply	O
size	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
cases	O
of	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
resulted	O
from	O
embryos	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

Microscopic	O
observation	O
showed	O
the	O
configuration	O
of	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
frequent	O
hemorrhaging	B-Disease
and	O
detachment	O
of	O
the	O
neural	O
plate	O
from	O
surface	O
ectoderm	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	O
at	O
E15	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

From	O
observations	O
of	O
the	O
vasculature	O
,	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
were	O
identified	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
overgrowth	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
neural	O
tissue	O
causes	O
the	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
,	O
subsequent	O
peripheral	O
circulatory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
hemorrhaging	B-Disease
in	O
various	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
tissue	O
reduction	O
during	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
for	O
detection	O
of	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Infarct	O
-	O
avid	O
radiopharmaceuticals	O
are	O
necessary	O
for	O
rapid	O
and	O
timely	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
animal	O
model	O
used	O
to	O
produce	O
infarction	B-Disease
implies	O
artery	O
ligation	O
but	O
chemical	O
induction	O
can	O
be	O
easily	O
obtained	O
with	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
new	O
infarct	B-Disease
-	O
avid	O
radiopharmaceutical	O
based	O
on	O
glucaric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
was	O
prepared	O
in	O
the	O
hospital	O
radiopharmacy	O
of	O
the	O
INCMNSZ	O
.	O

99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
was	O
easy	O
to	O
prepare	O
,	O
stable	O
for	O
96	O
h	O
and	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
study	O
its	O
biodistribution	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
acute	O
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Histological	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
the	O
rats	O
developed	O
an	O
infarct	B-Disease
18	O
h	O
after	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
administration	O
.	O

Thirty	O
minutes	O
after	O
99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
administration	O
the	O
standardised	O
heart	O
uptake	O
value	O
S	O
(	O
h	O
)	O
UV	O
was	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
in	O
infarcted	O
rat	O
heart	O
which	O
is	O
six	O
times	O
more	O
than	O
in	O
normal	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
high	O
image	O
quality	O
suggests	O
that	O
high	O
contrast	O
images	O
can	O
be	O
obtained	O
in	O
humans	O
and	O
the	O
96	O
h	O
stability	O
makes	O
it	O
an	O
ideal	O
agent	O
to	O
detect	O
,	O
in	O
patients	O
,	O
early	O
cardiac	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Bupropion	B-Chemical
(	O
Zyban	B-Chemical
)	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Bupropion	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
monocyclic	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
structurally	O
related	O
to	O
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Zyban	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
formulation	O
of	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
was	O
recently	O
released	O
in	O
Ireland	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
smoking	O
cessation	O
aid	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
initial	O
6	O
months	O
since	O
it	O
'	O
s	O
introduction	O
,	O
12	O
overdose	B-Disease
cases	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
The	O
National	O
Poisons	O
Information	O
Centre	O
.	O

8	O
patients	O
developed	O
symptoms	O
of	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Common	O
features	O
included	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
and	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
severe	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
,	O
including	O
one	O
patient	O
who	O
was	O
resuscitated	O
following	O
a	O
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
31	O
year	O
old	O
female	O
who	O
required	O
admission	O
to	O
the	O
Intensive	O
Care	O
Unit	O
for	O
ventilation	O
and	O
full	O
supportive	O
therapy	O
,	O
following	O
ingestion	O
of	O
13	O
.	O
5g	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
.	O

Recurrent	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
treated	O
with	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
broad	O
complex	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
was	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
adenosine	B-Chemical
.	O

Zyban	B-Chemical
caused	O
significant	O
neurological	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
cardiovascular	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

GLEPP1	O
receptor	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
phosphatase	O
(	O
Ptpro	O
)	O
in	O
rat	O
PAN	B-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Glomerular	O
epithelial	O
protein	O
1	O
(	O
GLEPP1	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
podocyte	O
receptor	O
membrane	O
protein	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
phosphatase	O
located	O
on	O
the	O
apical	O
cell	O
membrane	O
of	O
visceral	O
glomerular	O
epithelial	O
cell	O
and	O
foot	O
processes	O
.	O

To	O
better	O
understand	O
the	O
utility	O
of	O
GLEPP1	O
as	O
a	O
marker	O
of	O
glomerular	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
the	O
amount	O
and	O
distribution	O
of	O
GLEPP1	O
protein	O
and	O
mRNA	O
were	O
examined	O
by	O
immunohistochemistry	O
,	O
Western	O
blot	O
and	O
RNase	O
protection	O
assay	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
podocyte	O
injury	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
nephrosis	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
by	O
single	O
intraperitoneal	O
injection	O
of	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
,	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
100g	O
BW	O
)	O
.	O

Tissues	O
were	O
analyzed	O
at	O
0	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
11	O
,	O
21	O
,	O
45	O
,	O
80	O
and	O
126	O
days	O
after	O
PAN	B-Chemical
injection	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
include	O
both	O
the	O
acute	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
foot	O
process	O
effacement	O
(	O
days	O
5	O
-	O
11	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
chronic	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
(	O
days	O
45	O
-	O
126	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
GLEPP1	O
expression	O
,	O
unlike	O
podocalyxin	O
,	O
reflects	O
podocyte	O
injury	O
induced	O
by	O
PAN	B-Chemical
.	O

Antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
patient	O
who	O
received	O
antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
due	O
to	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
therapy	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
the	O
optimal	O
treatment	O
of	O
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Metamizol	B-Chemical
potentiates	O
morphine	B-Chemical
antinociception	O
but	O
not	O
constipation	B-Disease
after	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
antinociceptive	O
and	O
constipating	B-Disease
effects	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
morphine	B-Chemical
with	O
177	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
in	O
acutely	O
and	O
chronically	O
treated	O
(	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
12	O
days	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
13th	O
day	O
,	O
antinociceptive	O
effects	O
were	O
assessed	O
using	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
nociception	O
,	O
pain	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
functional	O
impairment	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
charcoal	B-Chemical
meal	O
test	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
.	O

Simultaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
with	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
markedly	O
antinociceptive	O
potentiation	O
and	O
an	O
increasing	O
of	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
after	O
a	O
single	O
(	O
298	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
vs	O
.	O
139	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
36	O
units	O
area	O
(	O
ua	O
)	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
repeated	O
administration	O
(	O
280	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
vs	O
.	O
131	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
22	O
ua	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Antinociceptive	O
effect	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
chronically	O
treated	O
rats	O
(	O
39	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
vs	O
.	O
18	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
au	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
combination	O
-	O
induced	O
antinociception	O
was	O
remained	O
similar	O
as	O
an	O
acute	O
treatment	O
(	O
298	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
vs	O
.	O
280	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
au	O
)	O
.	O

Acute	O
antinociceptive	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
were	O
partially	O
prevented	O
by	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O

In	O
independent	O
groups	O
,	O
morphine	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
in	O
48	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
and	O
38	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
after	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
tolerance	O
did	O
not	O
develop	O
to	O
the	O
constipating	B-Disease
effects	O
.	O

The	O
combination	O
inhibited	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
produced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
did	O
not	O
potentiate	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
constipation	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
findings	O
show	O
a	O
significant	O
interaction	O
between	O
morphine	B-Chemical
and	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
in	O
chronically	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
this	O
combination	O
could	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Ifosfamide	B-Chemical
encephalopathy	B-Disease
presenting	O
with	O
asterixis	B-Disease
.	O

CNS	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
antineoplastic	O
agent	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
(	O
IFX	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
frequent	O
and	O
include	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
neurological	O
symptoms	O
that	O
can	O
limit	O
drug	O
use	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
51	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
developed	O
severe	O
,	O
disabling	O
negative	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
extremities	O
after	O
the	O
infusion	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
for	O
plasmacytoma	B-Disease
.	O

Cranial	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
extensive	O
laboratory	O
studies	O
failed	O
to	O
reveal	O
structural	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
brain	I-Disease
and	O
metabolic	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
electroencephalogram	O
showed	O
continuous	O
,	O
generalized	O
irregular	O
slowing	O
with	O
admixed	O
periodic	O
triphasic	O
waves	O
indicating	O
symptomatic	O
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
within	O
12	O
h	O
the	O
asterixis	B-Disease
resolved	O
completely	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
patient	O
described	O
,	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
asterixis	B-Disease
during	O
infusion	O
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
,	O
normal	O
laboratory	O
findings	O
and	O
imaging	O
studies	O
and	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
following	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
suggest	O
that	O
negative	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
IFX	B-Chemical
.	O

Antagonism	O
between	O
interleukin	O
3	O
and	O
erythropoietin	O
in	O
mice	O
with	O
azidothymidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
and	O
in	O
bone	O
marrow	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
.	O

Azidothymidine	B-Chemical
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
can	O
be	O
reversed	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
(	O
fusion	O
protein	O
of	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
II	O
(	O
IGF	O
II	O
)	O
and	O
interleukin	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
interleukin	O
3	O
(	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
and	O
erythropoietin	O
(	O
EPO	O
)	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
act	O
synergistically	O
on	O
hematopoietic	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
in	O
vitro	O
,	O
injection	O
of	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
EPO	O
in	O
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
mice	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
red	O
cells	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
plasma	O
EPO	O
levels	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
or	O
EPO	O
alone	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
of	O
thymidine	B-Chemical
incorporation	O
into	O
both	O
erythroid	O
and	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
in	O
cultures	O
pre	O
-	O
treated	O
with	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
EPO	O
.	O

Endothelial	O
cell	O
culture	O
supernatants	O
separated	O
by	O
ultrafiltration	O
and	O
ultracentrifugation	O
from	O
cells	O
treated	O
with	O
EPO	O
and	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
thymidine	B-Chemical
incorporation	O
into	O
erythroid	O
cells	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
identical	O
fractions	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
media	O
of	O
cells	O
cultured	O
with	O
EPO	O
alone	O
.	O

The	O
relationship	O
between	O
hippocampal	O
acetylcholine	O
release	O
and	O
cholinergic	O
convulsant	O
sensitivity	O
in	O
withdrawal	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
prone	O
and	O
withdrawal	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
resistant	O
selected	O
mouse	O
lines	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
septo	O
-	O
hippocampal	O
cholinergic	O
pathway	O
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
epileptogenesis	O
,	O
and	O
genetic	O
factors	O
influence	O
the	O
response	O
to	O
cholinergic	O
agents	O
,	O
but	O
limited	O
data	O
are	O
available	O
on	O
cholinergic	O
involvement	O
in	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
severity	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
cholinergic	O
activity	O
and	O
responsiveness	O
and	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
a	O
genetic	O
animal	O
model	O
of	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
severity	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Cholinergic	O
convulsant	O
sensitivity	O
was	O
examined	O
in	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
-	O
na	O
ve	O
Withdrawal	O
Seizure	B-Disease
-	O
Prone	O
(	O
WSP	O
)	O
and	O
-	O
Resistant	O
(	O
WSR	O
)	O
mice	O
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
administered	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
,	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
via	O
timed	O
tail	O
vein	O
infusion	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
latencies	O
to	O
onset	O
of	O
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
clonus	O
were	O
recorded	O
and	O
converted	O
to	O
threshold	O
dose	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
used	O
microdialysis	O
to	O
measure	O
basal	O
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
-	O
stimulated	O
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
ACh	B-Chemical
)	O
release	O
in	O
the	O
CA1	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

Potassium	B-Chemical
was	O
applied	O
by	O
reverse	O
dialysis	O
twice	O
,	O
separated	O
by	O
75	O
min	O
.	O

Hippocampal	O
ACh	B-Chemical
also	O
was	O
measured	O
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sensitivity	O
to	O
several	O
convulsion	B-Disease
endpoints	O
induced	O
by	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
,	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
in	O
WSR	O
versus	O
WSP	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
microdialysis	O
experiments	O
,	O
the	O
lines	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
in	O
basal	O
release	O
of	O
ACh	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
50	O
mM	O
KCl	B-Chemical
increased	O
ACh	B-Chemical
output	O
in	O
both	O
lines	O
of	O
mice	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
release	O
of	O
ACh	B-Chemical
produced	O
by	O
the	O
first	O
application	O
of	O
KCl	B-Chemical
was	O
2	O
-	O
fold	O
higher	O
in	O
WSP	O
versus	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

When	O
hippocampal	O
ACh	B-Chemical
was	O
measured	O
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	B-Disease
,	O
extracellular	O
ACh	B-Chemical
was	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
192	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSP	O
mice	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
nonsignificantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
59	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
differences	O
in	O
cholinergic	O
activity	O
and	O
postsynaptic	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
cholinergic	O
convulsants	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
ethanol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
severity	O
and	O
implicate	O
cholinergic	O
mechanisms	O
in	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
.	O

Specifically	O
,	O
WSP	O
mice	O
may	O
have	O
lower	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
cholinergic	O
convulsants	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
WSR	O
because	O
of	O
postsynaptic	O
receptor	O
desensitization	O
brought	O
on	O
by	O
higher	O
activity	O
of	O
cholinergic	O
neurons	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
alters	O
the	O
excitability	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
jaw	O
-	O
stretch	O
reflex	O
.	O

The	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
painful	O
temporomandibular	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
is	O
not	O
fully	O
understood	O
,	O
but	O
evidence	O
suggests	O
that	O
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
modulates	O
motor	O
function	O
in	O
characteristic	O
ways	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
micro	O
g	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
masseter	O
muscle	O
to	O
induce	O
pain	B-Disease
in	O
11	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
.	O

Short	O
-	O
latency	O
reflex	O
responses	O
were	O
evoked	O
in	O
the	O
masseter	O
and	O
temporalis	O
muscles	O
by	O
a	O
stretch	O
device	O
with	O
different	O
velocities	O
and	O
displacements	O
before	O
,	O
during	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
normalized	O
reflex	O
amplitude	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
during	O
pain	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
only	O
at	O
faster	O
stretches	O
in	O
the	O
painful	B-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
.	O

Increased	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
the	O
fusimotor	O
system	O
during	O
acute	O
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
one	O
likely	O
mechanism	O
to	O
explain	O
the	O
findings	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbal	O
shell	O
or	O
core	O
on	O
the	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
subregions	O
of	O
the	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
the	O
shell	O
and	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
implanted	O
bilaterally	O
with	O
cannulae	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
or	O
core	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
were	O
locally	O
injected	O
with	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
an	O
antagonist	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
)	O
or	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
an	O
agonist	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
)	O
.	O

Given	O
alone	O
to	O
any	O
accumbal	O
subregion	O
,	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
or	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
basal	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

Systemic	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
significantly	O
increased	O
the	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
of	O
rats	O
.	O

GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
intra	O
-	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
prior	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
attenuated	O
the	O
psychostimulant	O
-	O
induced	O
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
.	O

Such	O
attenuation	O
was	O
not	O
found	O
in	O
animals	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
injected	O
with	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
core	O
.	O

When	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
before	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
enhanced	O
the	O
locomotor	O
response	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
;	O
the	O
maximum	O
effect	O
being	O
observed	O
after	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
agonist	O
.	O

The	O
later	O
enhancement	O
was	O
attenuated	O
after	O
intra	O
-	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
treatment	O
with	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
induced	O
hyperlocomotion	B-Disease
is	O
modified	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
core	O
,	O
this	O
modification	O
consisting	O
in	O
inhibitory	O
and	O
facilitatory	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
(	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
agonist	O
(	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
related	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
:	O
are	O
we	O
seeing	O
the	O
tip	O
of	O
an	O
iceberg	O
?	O

The	O
recreational	O
use	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
is	O
on	O
the	O
increase	O
.	O

The	O
emergency	O
nurse	O
ought	O
to	O
be	O
familiar	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
consequences	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
,	O
the	O
tendency	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
to	O
produce	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
ought	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
the	O
mind	O
of	O
the	O
emergency	O
nurse	O
when	O
faced	O
with	O
a	O
young	O
victim	O
of	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
who	O
is	O
otherwise	O
at	O
low	O
risk	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	O
is	O
discussed	O
and	O
treatment	O
dilemmas	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
moral	O
issues	O
relating	O
to	O
the	O
testing	O
of	O
potential	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	O
will	O
be	O
addressed	O
.	O

Crossover	O
comparison	O
of	O
efficacy	O
and	O
preference	O
for	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
versus	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
migraine	B-Disease
.	O

Rizatriptan	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
selective	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
(	O
1B	O
/	O
1D	O
)	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
with	O
rapid	O
oral	O
absorption	O
and	O
early	O
onset	O
of	O
action	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
treatment	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
outpatient	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
preference	O
for	O
1	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
tablet	O
to	O
2	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
100	O
mg	O
tablets	O
in	O
439	O
patients	O
treating	O
a	O
single	O
migraine	B-Disease
attack	O
with	O
each	O
therapy	O
.	O

Of	O
patients	O
expressing	O
a	O
preference	O
(	O
89	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
twice	O
as	O
many	O
preferred	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
to	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
69	O
.	O
9	O
vs	O
.	O
30	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Faster	O
relief	O
of	O
headache	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
reason	O
for	O
preference	O
,	O
cited	O
by	O
67	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
preferring	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
54	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
preferred	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
co	O
-	O
primary	O
endpoint	O
of	O
being	O
pain	B-Disease
free	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
also	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
rizatriptan	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
pain	B-Disease
free	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
,	O
compared	O
with	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
treated	O
with	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
being	O
superior	O
within	O
1	O
h	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Headache	B-Disease
relief	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	O
47	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
being	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
within	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
dosing	O
.	O

Almost	O
36	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
taking	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
were	O
pain	B-Disease
free	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
recurrence	O
or	O
need	O
for	O
additional	O
medication	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
on	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	B-Chemical
was	O
also	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
proportions	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	O
,	O
phonophobia	B-Disease
or	O
photophobia	B-Disease
and	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
normal	O
function	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
drug	O
intake	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

More	O
patients	O
were	O
(	O
completely	O
,	O
very	O
or	O
somewhat	O
)	O
satisfied	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
(	O
69	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
38	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Recurrence	O
rates	O
were	O
31	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
with	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	O
15	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
with	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
events	O
(	O
incidence	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
one	O
group	O
)	O
after	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
dizziness	B-Disease
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
somnolence	B-Disease
(	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Severe	O
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
for	O
recurrent	O
glioblastomas	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Glioblastoma	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
malignant	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
that	O
occurs	O
in	O
the	O
cerebrum	O
during	O
adulthood	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
glioblastoma	B-Disease
sometimes	O
have	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carcinostatics	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
treatment	O
regimen	O
.	O

Generally	O
,	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
said	O
to	O
have	O
milder	O
side	O
effects	O
than	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
whose	O
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
are	O
well	O
known	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
we	O
experienced	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
severe	O
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
is	O
infrequently	O
reported	O
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
A	O
58	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
received	O
an	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
for	O
recurrent	O
glioblastomas	B-Disease
in	O
his	O
left	O
temporal	O
lobe	O
.	O

He	O
complained	O
of	O
pain	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
visual	I-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
ipsilateral	I-Disease
eye	I-Disease
30	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
.	O

Various	O
ocular	O
symptoms	O
and	O
findings	O
caused	O
by	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
toxicity	B-Disease
were	O
seen	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
He	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
corticosteroids	O
and	O
glycerin	B-Chemical
for	O
6	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
elevation	O
caused	O
by	O
secondary	O
acute	O
angle	O
-	O
closure	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
decreased	O
and	O
ocular	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
diminished	O
,	O
inexorable	O
papilledema	B-Disease
and	O
exudative	O
retinal	B-Disease
detachment	I-Disease
continued	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
6	O
weeks	O
later	O
,	O
diffuse	O
chorioretinal	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
with	O
optic	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
occurred	O
and	O
the	O
vision	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
eye	O
was	O
lost	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
When	O
performing	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
we	O
must	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
its	O
potentially	O
blinding	O
ocular	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Visual	O
hallucinations	O
associated	O
with	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Zonisamide	B-Chemical
is	O
a	O
broad	O
-	O
spectrum	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
various	O
types	O
of	O
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Although	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
have	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
an	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
this	O
agent	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
three	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
complex	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
and	O
altered	O
mental	O
status	O
after	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
treatment	O
was	O
begun	O
or	O
its	O
dosage	O
increased	O
.	O

All	O
three	O
had	O
been	O
diagnosed	O
earlier	O
with	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
their	O
electroencephalogram	O
(	O
EEG	O
)	O
findings	O
were	O
abnormal	O
.	O

During	O
monitoring	O
,	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
EEG	O
readings	O
,	O
nor	O
did	O
video	O
recording	O
capture	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
described	O
events	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
had	O
experienced	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
before	O
this	O
event	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
recent	O
change	O
in	O
their	O
treatment	O
was	O
the	O
introduction	O
or	O
increased	O
dosage	O
of	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Until	O
then	O
,	O
clinicians	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
possible	O
complication	O
associated	O
with	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Anti	O
-	O
epileptic	B-Disease
drugs	O
-	O
induced	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
three	O
patients	O
with	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
and	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
underlying	O
diseases	O
,	O
the	O
prognosis	O
for	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
is	O
good	O
because	O
it	O
subsides	O
rapidly	O
after	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
offending	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
transmitted	O
thalamocortical	O
circuitry	O
accounts	O
for	O
a	O
major	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
underlying	O
neurophysiology	O
of	O
the	O
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

Because	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
is	O
rare	O
,	O
pro	O
-	O
absence	O
drugs	O
can	O
only	O
be	O
considered	O
a	O
promoting	O
factor	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
epileptogenecity	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
or	O
the	O
synergistic	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
accompanying	O
drugs	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
trigger	O
the	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
aggravation	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
whenever	O
an	O
unexpected	O
increase	O
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
new	O
seizure	B-Disease
types	O
appear	O
following	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
drug	O
treatment	O
.	O

By	O
understanding	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
can	O
avoid	O
the	O
inappropriate	O
use	O
of	O
anticonvulsants	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
and	O
prevent	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
absence	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

Prenatal	O
dexamethasone	O
programs	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
programmed	O
a	O
progressive	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Pregnant	O
rats	O
were	O
given	O
either	O
vehicle	O
or	O
2	O
daily	O
intraperitoneal	O
injections	O
of	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
on	O
gestational	O
days	O
11	O
and	O
12	O
,	O
13	O
and	O
14	O
,	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
,	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
,	O
or	O
19	O
and	O
20	O
.	O

Offspring	O
of	O
rats	O
administered	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
gestation	O
had	O
a	O
20	O
%	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
compared	O
with	O
control	O
at	O
6	O
to	O
9	O
months	O
of	O
age	O
(	O
22	O
527	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
509	O
versus	O
28	O
050	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
561	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
percent	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
measured	O
at	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
age	O
.	O

Six	O
-	O
to	O
9	O
-	O
month	O
old	O
rats	O
receiving	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
a	O
17	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
(	O
23	O
380	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
587	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
rats	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Male	O
rats	O
that	O
received	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
,	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
,	O
and	O
13	O
and	O
14	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
elevated	O
blood	O
pressures	O
at	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
age	O
;	O
the	O
latter	O
group	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
.	O

Adult	O
rats	O
given	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
more	O
glomeruli	O
with	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
than	O
control	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
results	O
in	O
a	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
,	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hypertension	B-Disease
when	O
administered	O
at	O
specific	O
points	O
during	O
gestation	O
.	O

Hypertension	B-Disease
was	O
observed	O
in	O
animals	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
a	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
is	O
not	O
the	O
sole	O
cause	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Kidney	O
function	O
and	O
morphology	O
after	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
SRL	B-Chemical
)	O
may	O
supplement	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
in	O
clinical	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
SRL	B-Chemical
seems	O
to	O
act	O
differently	O
displaying	O
only	O
minor	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	O
,	O
although	O
this	O
question	O
is	O
still	O
open	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
treatment	O
protocols	O
where	O
SRL	B-Chemical
was	O
combined	O
with	O
a	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
indications	O
of	O
a	O
synergistic	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
were	O
described	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
further	O
the	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
including	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
of	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
either	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	O
CsA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
FK506	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
SRL	O
as	O
monotherapies	O
or	O
in	O
different	O
combinations	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
For	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
,	O
CsA	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
orally	O
)	O
,	O
FK506	B-Chemical
3	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
orally	O
)	O
or	O
SRL	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
intraperitoneally	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
as	O
these	O
doses	O
have	O
earlier	O
been	O
found	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
significant	O
immunosuppressive	O
effect	O
in	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
included	O
a	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
system	O
analysing	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
striped	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
,	O
subcapsular	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
basophilic	O
tubules	O
,	O
plus	O
an	O
additional	O
stereological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
grade	O
of	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
stained	O
with	O
Sirius	O
Red	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
CsA	B-Chemical
,	O
FK506	B-Chemical
and	O
SRL	B-Chemical
all	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
GFR	O
.	O

A	O
further	O
deterioration	O
was	O
seen	O
when	O
CsA	B-Chemical
was	O
combined	O
with	O
either	O
FK506	B-Chemical
or	O
SRL	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
GFR	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
when	O
compared	O
with	O
treatment	O
with	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
single	O
substances	O
.	O

The	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
was	O
significantly	O
worst	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
CsA	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
grade	O
of	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
also	O
showed	O
the	O
highest	O
proportion	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
group	O
and	O
was	O
significantly	O
different	O
from	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
combination	O
showed	O
only	O
a	O
marginally	O
higher	O
degree	O
of	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
as	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
rat	O
study	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
synergistic	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
CsA	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
was	O
better	O
tolerated	O
.	O

Evaluation	O
of	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
I	O
and	O
T	O
levels	O
as	O
markers	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
rats	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
relationship	O
with	O
echocardiographic	O
and	O
histological	O
findings	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cardiac	O
troponins	O
I	O
(	O
cTnI	O
)	O
and	O
T	O
(	O
cTnT	O
)	O
have	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
and	O
specific	O
markers	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
diagnostic	O
value	O
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
for	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
serial	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cardiac	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
monitored	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
histological	O
examinations	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
given	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
,	O
weekly	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
8	O
weeks	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
.	O

By	O
using	O
transthoracic	O
echocardiography	O
,	O
anterior	O
and	O
posterior	O
wall	O
thickness	O
,	O
LV	O
diameters	O
and	O
LV	O
fractional	O
shortening	O
(	O
FS	O
)	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
all	O
rats	O
before	O
DOX	B-Chemical
or	O
saline	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
weeks	O
6	O
and	O
9	O
after	O
treatment	O
in	O
all	O
surviving	O
rats	O
.	O

Histology	O
was	O
performed	O
in	O
DOX	O
-	O
rats	O
at	O
6	O
and	O
9	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
DOX	B-Chemical
dose	O
and	O
in	O
all	O
controls	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Eighteen	O
of	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
died	O
prematurely	O
of	O
general	O
toxicity	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
9	O
-	O
week	O
period	O
.	O

End	O
-	O
diastolic	O
(	O
ED	O
)	O
and	O
end	O
-	O
systolic	O
(	O
ES	O
)	O
LV	O
diameters	O
/	O
BW	O
significantly	O
increased	O
,	O
whereas	O
LV	O
FS	O
was	O
decreased	O
after	O
9	O
weeks	O
in	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
group	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Histological	O
evaluation	O
of	O
hearts	O
from	O
all	O
rats	O
given	O
DOX	B-Chemical
revealed	O
significant	O
slight	O
degrees	O
of	O
perivascular	O
and	O
interstitial	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Only	O
five	O
of	O
the	O
controls	O
exhibited	O
evidence	O
of	O
very	O
slight	O
perivascular	O
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
significant	O
rise	O
in	O
cTnT	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
after	O
cumulative	O
doses	O
of	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
baseline	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

cTnT	O
found	O
in	O
rats	O
after	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
than	O
that	O
found	O
after	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
DOX	B-Chemical
.	O

Maximal	O
cTnI	O
(	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
and	O
cTnT	O
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
006	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
.	O

cTnI	O
(	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
mass	O
and	O
CK	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Among	O
markers	O
of	O
ischemic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
after	O
DOX	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
,	O
cTnT	O
showed	O
the	O
greatest	O
ability	O
to	O
detect	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
assessed	O
by	O
echocardiographic	O
detection	O
and	O
histological	O
changes	O
.	O

Although	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
discrepancy	O
between	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
after	O
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
probably	O
due	O
to	O
heterogeneity	O
in	O
cross	O
-	O
reactivities	O
of	O
mAbs	O
to	O
various	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
forms	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
cTnT	O
in	O
rats	O
after	O
DOX	B-Chemical
indicates	O
cell	O
damage	O
determined	O
by	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
injury	O
induced	O
and	O
that	O
cTnT	O
should	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
marker	O
for	O
the	O
prediction	O
of	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
possibly	O
for	O
cardioprotective	O
experiments	O
.	O

Octreotide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypoxemia	B-Disease
and	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
premature	O
neonates	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
report	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
premature	O
neonates	O
who	O
had	O
enterocutaneous	O
fistula	B-Disease
complicating	O
necrotizing	B-Disease
enterocolitis	I-Disease
.	O

Pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
developed	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
somatostatin	O
analogue	O
,	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
,	O
to	O
enhance	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
fistula	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
in	O
women	O
prescribed	O
cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
nested	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
licensed	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
acne	B-Disease
and	O
hirsutism	B-Disease
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	O
option	O
for	O
polycystic	B-Disease
ovary	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
PCOS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
conventional	O
combined	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
(	O
COCs	O
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
General	O
Practice	O
Research	O
Database	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
nested	O
within	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
women	O
aged	O
between	O
15	O
and	O
39	O
years	O
with	O
acne	B-Disease
,	O
hirsutism	B-Disease
or	O
PCOS	B-Disease
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
age	O
-	O
adjusted	O
incidence	O
rate	O
ratio	O
for	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
versus	O
conventional	O
COCs	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
20	O
[	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
1	O
.	O
35	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
58	O
]	O
.	O

Using	O
as	O
the	O
reference	O
group	O
women	O
who	O
were	O
not	O
using	O
oral	O
contraception	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
recent	O
pregnancy	O
or	O
menopausal	O
symptoms	O
,	O
the	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
analysis	O
gave	O
an	O
adjusted	O
odds	O
ratio	O
(	O
OR	O
(	O
adj	O
)	O
)	O
of	O
7	O
.	O
44	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
3	O
.	O
67	O
-	O
15	O
.	O
08	O
)	O
for	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
use	O
compared	O
with	O
an	O
OR	O
(	O
adj	O
)	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
58	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
60	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
18	O
)	O
for	O
use	O
of	O
conventional	O
COCs	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
in	O
women	O
with	O
acne	B-Disease
,	O
hirsutism	B-Disease
or	O
PCOS	B-Disease
although	O
residual	O
confounding	O
by	O
indication	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
on	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
:	O
a	O
preliminary	O
study	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
work	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
on	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
(	O
GM	B-Chemical
)	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
vehicle	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
distilled	O
water	O
and	O
5	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
cellulose	O
,	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
a	O
10	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
aqueous	O
suspension	O
of	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
powder	O
,	O
orally	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
concomitantly	O
with	O
GM	B-Chemical
(	O
80mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
six	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
period	O
)	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
concentrations	O
of	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
reduced	O
glutathione	B-Chemical
(	O
GSH	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
cortex	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
light	O
microscopic	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
sections	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
and	O
GM	B-Chemical
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	B-Chemical
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	B-Chemical
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	B-Chemical
together	O
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	B-Chemical
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

It	O
could	O
be	O
inferred	O
that	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
treatment	O
has	O
induced	O
a	O
modest	O
amelioration	O
of	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
histological	O
and	O
biochemical	O
indices	O
of	O
GM	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Further	O
work	O
is	O
warranted	O
on	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
treatments	O
on	O
renal	O
functional	O
aspects	O
in	O
models	O
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
mechanism	O
(	O
s	O
)	O
involved	O
.	O

Increased	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
with	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
and	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
metastatic	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
who	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
.	O

PATIENTS	O
:	O
Seventy	O
men	O
,	O
aged	O
50	O
-	O
80	O
years	O
,	O
with	O
advanced	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

INTERVENTION	O
:	O
Each	O
patient	O
received	O
either	O
intravenous	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
30	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
week	O
for	O
3	O
consecutive	O
weeks	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
1	O
week	O
off	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
continuous	O
oral	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
every	O
evening	O
plus	O
the	O
same	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
regimen	O
.	O

This	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
cycle	O
was	O
repeated	O
until	O
there	O
was	O
evidence	O
of	O
excessive	O
toxicity	B-Disease
or	O
disease	O
progression	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
23	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
alone	O
developed	O
VTE	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
9	O
of	O
47	O
patients	O
(	O
19	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
plus	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
developed	O
VTE	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
addition	O
of	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
to	O
docetaxel	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
significantly	O
increases	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
potential	O
complication	O
when	O
adding	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
to	O
chemotherapeutic	O
regimens	O
.	O

Ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
investigate	O
its	O
mechanism	O
,	O
and	O
compare	O
the	O
observed	O
main	O
characteristics	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
published	O
cases	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARIES	O
:	O
Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
prolonged	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
after	O
receiving	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
following	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
angioplasty	O
,	O
with	O
complete	O
remission	O
during	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
.	O

T	O
-	O
cell	O
stimulation	O
by	O
therapeutic	O
concentration	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
was	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
vitro	O
in	O
the	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
healthy	O
controls	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
of	O
the	O
antiplatelet	O
agent	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
;	O
several	O
cases	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
but	O
few	O
in	O
the	O
English	O
literature	O
.	O

Our	O
patients	O
developed	O
jaundice	B-Disease
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
and	O
showed	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
characteristics	O
of	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

An	O
objective	O
causality	O
assessment	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
adverse	O
drug	O
event	O
was	O
probably	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
this	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cholestasis	B-Disease
are	O
unclear	O
.	O

Immune	O
mechanisms	O
may	O
be	O
involved	O
in	O
the	O
drug	O
'	O
s	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
suggested	O
by	O
the	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
stimulation	O
study	O
reported	O
here	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
that	O
may	O
be	O
immune	O
mediated	O
.	O

This	O
complication	O
will	O
be	O
observed	O
even	O
less	O
often	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
as	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
is	O
being	O
replaced	O
by	O
the	O
newer	O
antiplatelet	O
agent	O
clopidogrel	B-Chemical
.	O

Epithelial	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
subunit	O
mRNA	O
and	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
experimental	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
urinary	O
sodium	O
excretion	O
is	O
decreased	O
during	O
the	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
disease	O
.	O

The	O
rate	O
-	O
limiting	O
constituent	O
of	O
collecting	O
duct	O
sodium	B-Chemical
transport	O
is	O
the	O
epithelial	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
abundance	O
of	O
ENaC	O
subunit	O
mRNAs	O
and	O
proteins	O
in	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
time	O
courses	O
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
,	O
plasma	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
concentration	O
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
were	O
studied	O
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
either	O
PAN	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	O
kinetics	O
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
and	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
were	O
comparable	O
with	O
those	O
reported	O
previously	O
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
occurred	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
after	O
PAN	B-Chemical
injection	O
.	O

A	O
significant	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
and	O
betaENaC	O
mRNA	O
abundance	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
preceded	O
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
and	O
3	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
down	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
on	O
day	O
3	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
high	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
return	O
of	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
.	O

The	O
amounts	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
proteins	O
were	O
not	O
increased	O
during	O
PAN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
ENaC	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
,	O
especially	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
is	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
very	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
PAN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	O
syndrome	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
but	O
appears	O
to	O
escape	O
from	O
the	O
regulation	O
by	O
aldosterone	B-Chemical
after	O
day	O
3	O
.	O

Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
vinyl	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
(	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
)	O
inhibits	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Vinyl	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
(	O
GVG	B-Chemical
)	O
irreversibly	O
inhibits	O
GABA	B-Chemical
-	O
transaminase	O
.	O

This	O
non	O
-	O
receptor	O
mediated	O
inhibition	O
requires	O
de	O
novo	O
synthesis	O
for	O
restoration	O
of	O
functional	O
GABA	B-Chemical
catabolism	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	O
treating	O
substance	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
(	O
VFD	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	B-Chemical
on	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
NAcc	O
)	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
GVG	B-Chemical
exposure	O
inhibited	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
for	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
which	O
exceeded	O
in	O
magnitude	O
and	O
duration	O
the	O
identical	O
acute	O
dose	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	B-Chemical
potentiates	O
and	O
extends	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
effectively	O
reducing	O
cumulative	O
exposures	O
and	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
VFDS	O
.	O

MR	O
imaging	O
with	O
quantitative	O
diffusion	O
mapping	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
.	O

Our	O
objective	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
brain	O
MR	O
imaging	O
findings	O
and	O
the	O
utility	O
of	O
diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
(	O
DW	O
)	O
imaging	O
in	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
neurologic	O
symptoms	O
during	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Brain	O
MR	O
studies	O
,	O
including	O
DW	O
imaging	O
,	O
were	O
prospectively	O
performed	O
in	O
14	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
receiving	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
who	O
developed	O
neurologic	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
.	O

Of	O
the	O
14	O
patients	O
,	O
5	O
(	O
35	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
1	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
putaminal	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
8	O
(	O
57	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
normal	O
findings	O
on	O
initial	O
MR	O
images	O
.	O

Among	O
the	O
5	O
patients	O
with	O
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
4	O
patients	O
(	O
80	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
higher	O
than	O
normal	O
ADC	O
values	O
on	O
initial	O
MR	O
images	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
showed	O
complete	O
resolution	O
on	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
images	O
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
1	O
patient	O
(	O
20	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
lower	O
than	O
normal	O
ADC	O
value	O
and	O
showed	O
incomplete	O
resolution	O
with	O
cortical	B-Disease
laminar	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

Diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
imaging	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
predicting	O
the	O
outcomes	O
of	O
the	O
lesions	O
of	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	O
in	O
humans	O
with	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
deficient	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
-	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
system	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
investigate	O
whether	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	O
contribute	O
to	O
this	O
deficiency	O
.	O

Hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
)	O
was	O
given	O
orally	O
every	O
6	O
hours	O
for	O
24	O
hours	O
after	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
fixed	O
-	O
salt	O
diet	O
(	O
150	O
mmol	O
/	O
d	O
)	O
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	O
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
incubated	O
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
to	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
incorporating	O
100	O
nmol	O
/	O
L	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
5	O
minutes	O
at	O
37	O
degrees	O
C	O
.	O

Forearm	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	O
was	O
calculated	O
after	O
infusion	O
of	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
into	O
the	O
brachial	O
artery	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
100	O
nCi	O
/	O
min	O
for	O
80	O
minutes	O
.	O

Deep	O
forearm	O
venous	O
samples	O
were	O
collected	O
for	O
determination	O
of	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	O
.	O

Plasma	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
concentrations	O
were	O
significantly	O
raised	O
during	O
the	O
active	O
phase	O
(	O
323	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
43	O
to	O
1082	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
245	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Neither	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	O
into	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
29	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
pmol	O
/	O
10	O
000	O
cells	O
per	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
l	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
concentration	O
of	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
nor	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	O
in	O
the	O
forearm	O
(	O
at	O
80	O
minutes	O
,	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
1	O
868	O
904	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
434	O
962	O
vs	O
2	O
013	O
910	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
770	O
619	O
disintegrations	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
;	O
ie	O
,	O
that	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	O
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increases	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
are	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
the	O
l	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	O
system	O
.	O

Amount	O
of	O
bleeding	B-Disease
and	O
hematoma	B-Disease
size	O
in	O
the	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
rat	O
model	O
.	O

The	O
aggravated	O
risk	O
on	O
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
ICH	B-Disease
)	O
with	O
drugs	O
used	O
for	O
stroke	B-Disease
patients	O
should	O
be	O
estimated	O
carefully	O
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
established	O
sensitive	O
quantification	O
methods	O
and	O
provided	O
a	O
rat	O
ICH	B-Disease
model	O
for	O
detection	O
of	O
ICH	B-Disease
deterioration	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	B-Disease
intrastriatally	O
induced	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
070	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
350	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
bleeding	B-Disease
was	O
measured	O
using	O
a	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
and	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
morphologically	O
determined	O
hematoma	B-Disease
volume	O
.	O

The	O
blood	O
amounts	O
and	O
hematoma	B-Disease
volumes	O
were	O
significantly	O
correlated	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
was	O
adequate	O
to	O
detect	O
ICH	B-Disease
deterioration	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	B-Disease
induction	O
using	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
heparin	B-Chemical
enhanced	O
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
volume	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
over	O
that	O
seen	O
in	O
control	O
ICH	B-Disease
animals	O
and	O
the	O
bleeding	B-Disease
7	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
.	O

Data	O
suggest	O
that	O
this	O
sensitive	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
is	O
useful	O
for	O
ICH	B-Disease
detection	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
a	O
model	O
with	O
a	O
small	O
ICH	B-Disease
induced	O
with	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
collagenase	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
evaluation	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
may	O
affect	O
ICH	B-Disease
.	O

Estradiol	B-Chemical
reduces	O
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
induced	O
hippocampal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Estrogens	O
protect	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
from	O
hippocampal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
induced	O
by	O
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
SE	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
in	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
rats	O
subjected	O
to	O
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

Rats	O
received	O
subcutaneous	O
injections	O
of	O
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
rat	O
)	O
or	O
oil	O
once	O
daily	O
for	O
four	O
consecutive	O
days	O
.	O

SE	B-Disease
was	O
induced	O
20	O
h	O
following	O
the	O
second	O
injection	O
and	O
terminated	O
3	O
h	O
later	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
of	O
silver	B-Chemical
-	O
stained	O
CA3	O
and	O
CA1	O
hippocampal	O
neurons	O
was	O
evaluated	O
2	O
days	O
after	O
SE	B-Disease
.	O

17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Estradiol	I-Chemical
did	O
not	O
alter	O
the	O
onset	O
of	O
first	O
clonus	O
in	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
but	O
accelerated	O
it	O
in	O
males	O
.	O

17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Estradiol	I-Chemical
reduced	O
the	O
argyrophilic	O
neurons	O
in	O
the	O
CA1	O
and	O
CA3	O
-	O
C	O
sectors	O
of	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
males	O
,	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
total	O
damage	O
score	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
on	O
seizure	B-Disease
threshold	O
and	O
damage	O
may	O
be	O
altered	O
by	O
sex	O
-	O
related	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
hormonal	O
environment	O
.	O

Pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
induced	O
by	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
minoxidil	B-Chemical
.	O

Acromegaly	B-Disease
is	O
an	O
endocrine	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
caused	O
by	O
chronic	O
excessive	O
growth	O
hormone	O
secretion	O
from	O
the	O
anterior	O
pituitary	O
gland	O
.	O

Significant	O
disfiguring	O
changes	O
occur	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
bone	O
,	O
cartilage	O
,	O
and	O
soft	O
tissue	O
hypertrophy	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
thickening	O
of	O
the	O
skin	O
,	O
coarsening	O
of	O
facial	O
features	O
,	O
and	O
cutis	B-Disease
verticis	I-Disease
gyrata	I-Disease
.	O

Pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
similar	O
acromegaloid	O
features	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
elevated	O
growth	O
hormone	O
or	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
levels	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
that	O
resulted	O
from	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
minoxidil	B-Chemical
at	O
an	O
unusually	O
high	O
dose	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
minoxidil	B-Chemical
use	O
.	O

Combined	O
androgen	O
blockade	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
without	O
bone	O
involvement	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
onset	O
and	O
extent	O
of	O
combined	O
androgen	O
blockade	O
(	O
CAB	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
without	O
bone	O
involvement	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
two	O
patients	O
with	O
biopsy	O
-	O
proven	O
prostatic	B-Disease
adenocarcinoma	I-Disease
[	O
26	O
with	O
stage	O
C	O
(	O
T3N0M0	O
)	O
and	O
16	O
with	O
stage	O
D1	O
(	O
T3N1M0	O
)	O
]	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
received	O
CAB	O
[	O
leuprolide	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
LHRH	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
)	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
,	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
plus	O
250	O
mg	O
flutamide	B-Chemical
,	O
tid	O
,	O
per	O
Os	O
]	O
and	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
anemia	B-Disease
by	O
physical	O
examination	O
and	O
laboratory	O
tests	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
4	O
subsequent	O
intervals	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
)	O
.	O

Hb	O
,	O
PSA	O
and	O
Testosterone	B-Chemical
measurements	O
were	O
recorded	O
.	O

Severe	O
and	O
clinically	O
evident	O
anemia	B-Disease
of	O
Hb	O
<	O
11	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
with	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
6	O
patients	O
(	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
normochromic	O
and	O
normocytic	O
.	O

At	O
six	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	O
anemia	B-Disease
had	O
a	O
Hb	O
mean	O
value	O
of	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
(	O
X	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
other	O
patients	O
had	O
mild	O
anemia	B-Disease
with	O
Hb	O
mean	O
value	O
of	O
13	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
(	O
X	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
severe	O
anemia	B-Disease
at	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
was	O
predictable	O
by	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
Hb	O
baseline	O
value	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
after	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
CAB	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
severe	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
T	O
baseline	O
values	O
(	O
T	O
<	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
versus	O
T	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
age	O
(	O
<	O
76	O
yrs	O
versus	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
76	O
yrs	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
clinical	O
stage	O
(	O
stage	O
C	O
versus	O
stage	O
D1	O
)	O
.	O

Severe	O
and	O
clinically	O
evident	O
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
easily	O
corrected	O
by	O
subcutaneous	O
injections	O
(	O
3	O
times	O
/	O
week	O
for	O
1	O
month	O
)	O
of	O
recombinant	O
erythropoietin	O
(	O
rHuEPO	O
-	O
beta	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
rHuEPO	O
-	O
beta	O
correctable	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
occurs	O
in	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
after	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
during	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
:	O
incidence	O
and	O
associated	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Incidence	O
and	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
delirium	B-Disease
during	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
treatment	O
require	O
further	O
clarification	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
used	O
computerized	O
pharmacy	O
records	O
to	O
identify	O
all	O
adult	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
inpatients	O
treated	O
with	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
(	O
1995	O
-	O
96	O
)	O
,	O
reviewed	O
their	O
medical	O
records	O
to	O
score	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
delirium	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
tested	O
associations	O
with	O
potential	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Subjects	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
139	O
)	O
were	O
72	O
women	O
and	O
67	O
men	O
,	O
aged	O
40	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
1	O
years	O
,	O
hospitalized	O
for	O
24	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
23	O
.	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
and	O
given	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
,	O
gradually	O
increased	O
to	O
an	O
average	O
daily	O
dose	O
of	O
282	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
203	O
mg	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
45	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
45	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
for	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
.	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	O
in	O
14	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
incidence	O
,	O
or	O
1	O
.	O
48	O
cases	O
/	O
person	O
-	O
years	O
of	O
exposure	O
)	O
;	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
cases	O
were	O
moderate	O
or	O
severe	O
.	O

Associated	O
factors	O
were	O
co	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
other	O
centrally	O
antimuscarinic	O
agents	O
,	O
poor	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
,	O
older	O
age	O
,	O
and	O
longer	O
hospitalization	O
(	O
by	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
days	O
,	O
increasing	O
cost	O
)	O
;	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
or	O
medical	O
co	O
-	O
morbidity	O
,	O
and	O
daily	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
which	O
fell	O
with	O
age	O
,	O
were	O
unrelated	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Delirium	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
in	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
inpatients	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
exposed	O
to	O
other	O
central	O
anticholinergics	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
was	O
inconsistently	O
recognized	O
clinically	O
in	O
milder	O
cases	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
length	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
stay	O
and	O
higher	O
costs	O
,	O
and	O
inferior	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
.	O

Neuroprotective	O
action	O
of	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	O
mGluR5	O
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
outflow	O
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
metabotropic	O
glutamate	B-Chemical
receptor	O
5	O
(	O
mGluR5	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
toxic	O
action	O
of	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
on	O
dopaminergic	O
neurones	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
five	O
times	O
,	O
reduced	O
the	O
levels	O
of	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	O
its	O
metabolites	O
in	O
striatal	O
tissue	O
when	O
measured	O
72	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
injection	O
.	O

A	O
selective	O
antagonist	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
phenylethynyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
pyridine	I-Chemical
(	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
;	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
,	O
when	O
administered	O
five	O
times	O
immediately	O
before	O
each	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
injection	O
reversed	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
effects	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
injection	O
reduced	O
the	O
basal	O
extracellular	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
level	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
release	O
stimulated	O
either	O
by	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
intrastriatally	O
administered	O
veratridine	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
it	O
transiently	O
diminished	O
the	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
and	O
reduced	O
basal	O
body	O
temperature	O
.	O

MPEP	B-Chemical
administered	O
into	O
the	O
striatum	O
at	O
high	O
concentrations	O
(	O
500	O
microM	O
)	O
increased	O
extracellular	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
levels	O
,	O
while	O
lower	O
concentrations	O
(	O
50	O
-	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
were	O
devoid	O
of	O
any	O
effect	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
by	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
may	O
protect	O
dopaminergic	O
neurones	O
against	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Neuroprotection	O
rendered	O
by	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
efflux	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
extrastriatal	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
hyperthermia	B-Disease
.	O

Protective	O
efficacy	O
of	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
against	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
kindled	O
-	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
demonstrate	O
pharmacological	O
actions	O
that	O
have	O
relevance	O
for	O
a	O
host	O
of	O
neurological	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
psychiatric	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

They	O
offer	O
protection	O
against	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
models	O
and	O
seem	O
to	O
inhibit	O
certain	O
stages	O
of	O
drug	B-Disease
dependence	I-Disease
in	O
preclinical	O
assessments	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
two	O
endogenous	O
and	O
one	O
synthetic	O
neuroactive	O
steroid	B-Chemical
that	O
positively	O
modulate	O
the	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
)	O
receptor	O
against	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
engendered	O
by	O
repeated	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
seizure	B-Disease
kindling	O
)	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
(	O
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	B-Chemical
(	O
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
were	O
induced	O
by	O
daily	O
administration	O
of	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
for	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
these	O
positive	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
modulators	O
suppressed	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
kindled	O
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
only	O
allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
and	O
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
kindling	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
and	O
pregnanolone	B-Chemical
,	O
but	O
not	O
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
,	O
also	O
reduced	O
cumulative	O
lethality	O
associated	O
with	O
kindling	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
some	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
attenuate	O
convulsant	O
and	O
sensitizing	O
properties	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
add	O
to	O
a	O
growing	O
literature	O
on	O
their	O
potential	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
modulation	O
of	O
effects	O
of	O
drugs	O
of	O
abuse	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
humoral	O
modulators	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
of	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
humoral	O
modulators	O
on	O
the	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
of	O
mice	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

The	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
HC1	O
produced	O
a	O
marked	O
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
was	O
potentiated	O
by	O
scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
attenuated	O
by	O
physostigmine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
both	O
methscopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
do	O
not	O
penetrate	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
produced	O
by	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Pretreatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyltyrosine	I-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
one	O
hour	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
tyrosine	B-Chemical
hydroxylase	O
,	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
activity	O
-	O
increasing	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chlorophenylalamine	I-Chemical
(	O
3	O
X	O
320	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
24	O
hr	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
depletor	O
,	O
caused	O
no	O
significant	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/BC5CDR/trigger_20.txt
================================================
Selegiline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
postural	O
hypotension	O
in	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
disease	O
:	O
a	O
longitudinal	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
drug	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

Selegiline	O
-	O
induced	T-0
postural	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
in	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
disease	O
:	O
a	O
longitudinal	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

Selegiline	O
-	O
induced	T-1
postural	O
hypotension	O
in	T-0
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
longitudinal	O
study	O
on	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
drug	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
Disease	I-Disease
Research	O
Group	O
(	O
UKPDRG	O
)	O
trial	O
found	O
an	O
increased	T-1
mortality	T-1
in	T-1
patients	T-1
with	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
disease	O
(	O
PD	O
)	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	T-0
mg	T-0
selegiline	O
per	O
day	O
and	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
taking	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
alone	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
Disease	O
Research	O
Group	O
(	O
UKPDRG	O
)	O
trial	O
found	O
an	O
increased	T-0
mortality	T-1
in	O
patients	T-2
with	T-2
Parkinson	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
PD	O
)	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	O
mg	O
selegiline	O
per	O
day	O
and	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
taking	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
alone	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
Disease	O
Research	O
Group	O
(	O
UKPDRG	O
)	O
trial	O
found	O
an	O
increased	O
mortality	O
in	T-0
patients	T-0
with	T-0
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
disease	O
(	O
PD	B-Disease
)	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	O
mg	O
selegiline	O
per	O
day	O
and	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
taking	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
alone	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
Disease	O
Research	O
Group	O
(	O
UKPDRG	O
)	O
trial	O
found	O
an	O
increased	O
mortality	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
disease	O
(	O
PD	O
)	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	T-0
mg	T-0
selegiline	B-Chemical
per	O
day	O
and	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
taking	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
alone	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
Disease	O
Research	O
Group	O
(	O
UKPDRG	O
)	O
trial	O
found	O
an	O
increased	T-0
mortality	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
disease	O
(	O
PD	O
)	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	O
mg	O
selegiline	O
per	O
day	O
and	T-2
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
compared	T-1
with	T-1
those	O
taking	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
alone	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
The	O
United	O
Kingdom	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
Disease	O
Research	O
Group	O
(	O
UKPDRG	O
)	O
trial	O
found	O
an	O
increased	O
mortality	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
Parkinson	O
'	O
s	O
disease	O
(	O
PD	O
)	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	O
10	O
mg	O
selegiline	O
per	O
day	O
and	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
taking	T-1
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
alone	T-0
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
we	O
found	T-4
that	T-4
therapy	T-1
with	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
was	T-0
associated	T-5
with	T-5
selective	O
systolic	T-2
orthostatic	T-2
hypotension	T-2
which	O
was	O
abolished	O
by	O
withdrawal	T-3
of	T-3
selegiline	T-3
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
therapy	T-3
with	T-3
selegiline	O
and	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
was	T-2
associated	T-2
with	O
selective	O
systolic	T-0
orthostatic	T-0
hypotension	T-0
which	O
was	O
abolished	O
by	O
withdrawal	T-1
of	T-1
selegiline	T-1
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
therapy	O
with	O
selegiline	O
and	O
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
was	O
associated	T-1
with	T-1
selective	O
systolic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
which	T-0
was	T-0
abolished	O
by	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
selegiline	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
we	O
found	O
that	O
therapy	T-0
with	O
selegiline	O
and	O
L	T-1
-	T-1
dopa	T-1
was	O
associated	O
with	O
selective	O
systolic	T-2
orthostatic	T-2
hypotension	T-2
which	O
was	O
abolished	O
by	O
withdrawal	T-3
of	T-3
selegiline	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
aims	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
were	O
to	O
confirm	O
our	O
previous	O
findings	O
in	O
a	O
separate	O
cohort	O
of	O
patients	T-0
and	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	T-4
consequences	T-4
of	T-4
stopping	T-4
selegiline	B-Chemical
in	T-3
the	T-3
expectation	T-3
that	O
this	O
might	O
shed	O
light	O
on	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
the	O
drug	O
causes	O
orthostatic	O
hypotension	O
.	O

The	O
aims	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
were	O
to	O
confirm	O
our	O
previous	O
findings	O
in	O
a	O
separate	O
cohort	T-2
of	T-2
patients	T-2
and	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
time	O
course	O
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
consequences	O
of	O
stopping	T-0
selegiline	O
in	O
the	O
expectation	O
that	O
this	O
might	O
shed	O
light	O
on	O
the	O
mechanisms	O
by	O
which	O
the	O
drug	O
causes	T-1
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	T-4
cardiovascular	T-4
responses	T-4
to	O
standing	O
and	O
head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
were	O
studied	T-0
repeatedly	T-3
in	T-3
PD	B-Disease
patients	T-2
receiving	O
selegiline	O
and	O
as	O
the	O
drug	O
was	O
withdrawn	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
cardiovascular	O
responses	O
to	O
standing	O
and	O
head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
were	O
studied	O
repeatedly	O
in	O
PD	O
patients	T-2
receiving	T-2
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	T-3
as	T-3
the	T-3
drug	T-3
was	O
withdrawn	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
caused	T-2
systolic	B-Disease
orthostatic	I-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
which	T-3
was	T-3
marked	T-0
in	T-0
six	O
of	O
20	O
PD	O
patients	T-1
on	O
selegiline	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
whom	O
lost	O
consciousness	O
with	O
unrecordable	O
blood	O
pressures	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Head	T-3
-	T-3
up	T-3
tilt	O
caused	T-0
systolic	T-4
orthostatic	T-4
hypotension	T-4
which	O
was	O
marked	O
in	O
six	T-6
of	T-6
20	T-6
PD	B-Disease
patients	O
on	O
selegiline	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
whom	O
lost	T-1
consciousness	O
with	O
unrecordable	T-2
blood	O
pressures	O
.	T-5

RESULTS	O
:	O
Head	O
-	O
up	O
tilt	O
caused	O
systolic	O
orthostatic	O
hypotension	O
which	O
was	O
marked	O
in	O
six	O
of	O
20	O
PD	O
patients	T-0
on	T-0
selegiline	B-Chemical
,	O
one	O
of	O
whom	O
lost	O
consciousness	O
with	O
unrecordable	O
blood	O
pressures	O
.	O

A	O
lesser	O
degree	T-0
of	T-0
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
occurred	T-1
with	O
standing	O
.	O

Orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
was	O
ameliorated	T-0
4	O
days	O
after	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
selegiline	T-1
and	O
totally	O
abolished	O
7	O
days	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	T-2
.	O

Orthostatic	T-0
hypotension	T-0
was	O
ameliorated	O
4	O
days	O
after	O
withdrawal	T-1
of	O
selegiline	B-Chemical
and	O
totally	O
abolished	O
7	O
days	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	T-2
.	O

Stopping	T-0
selegiline	B-Chemical
also	O
significantly	O
reduced	T-2
the	O
supine	O
systolic	O
and	O
diastolic	O
blood	O
pressures	O
consistent	O
with	O
a	O
previously	O
undescribed	O
supine	O
pressor	O
action	T-1
.	O

Stopping	T-0
selegiline	O
also	O
significantly	O
reduced	B-Disease
the	I-Disease
supine	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
diastolic	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressures	I-Disease
consistent	T-1
with	T-1
a	O
previously	O
undescribed	O
supine	O
pressor	O
action	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
confirms	O
our	O
previous	O
finding	T-1
that	T-1
selegiline	B-Chemical
in	T-2
combination	T-2
with	O
L	T-0
-	T-0
dopa	T-0
is	O
associated	O
with	O
selective	O
orthostatic	O
hypotension	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
confirms	O
our	O
previous	O
finding	O
that	O
selegiline	T-2
in	O
combination	T-1
with	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dopa	I-Chemical
is	T-0
associated	T-0
with	O
selective	T-3
orthostatic	T-3
hypotension	T-3
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
study	O
confirms	O
our	O
previous	O
finding	O
that	O
selegiline	O
in	T-0
combination	T-0
with	T-0
L	O
-	O
dopa	O
is	O
associated	T-1
with	T-2
selective	T-2
orthostatic	B-Disease
hypotension	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
possibilities	O
that	O
these	O
cardiovascular	T-2
findings	T-2
might	T-2
be	T-2
the	T-2
result	T-2
of	T-2
non	O
-	O
selective	O
inhibition	T-0
of	O
monoamine	O
oxidase	O
or	T-1
of	T-1
amphetamine	B-Chemical
and	O
metamphetamine	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

The	O
possibilities	O
that	O
these	O
cardiovascular	O
findings	O
might	T-2
be	T-2
the	T-2
result	T-2
of	T-2
non	O
-	O
selective	O
inhibition	O
of	O
monoamine	O
oxidase	O
or	O
of	O
amphetamine	O
and	T-0
metamphetamine	B-Chemical
are	T-1
discussed	T-1
.	O

The	O
results	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
the	O
degradation	O
product	T-0
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
choloroaniline	I-Chemical
is	T-1
not	T-1
a	O
significant	O
factor	O
in	O
chlorhexidine	T-2
-	O
digluconate	O
associated	O
erosive	O
cystitis	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
the	O
degradation	T-2
product	T-2
p	O
-	O
choloroaniline	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
significant	O
factor	T-0
in	T-0
chlorhexidine	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
digluconate	I-Chemical
associated	T-1
erosive	O
cystitis	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
have	O
shown	O
that	O
the	O
degradation	O
product	O
p	O
-	O
choloroaniline	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
significant	O
factor	O
in	O
chlorhexidine	O
-	O
digluconate	O
associated	O
erosive	T-0
cystitis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
high	O
percentage	T-2
of	T-2
kanamycin	B-Chemical
-	O
colistin	O
and	O
povidone	O
-	O
iodine	O
irrigations	O
were	O
associated	T-0
with	O
erosive	O
cystitis	O
and	O
suggested	O
a	O
possible	O
complication	O
with	O
human	O
usage	T-1
.	O

A	O
high	O
percentage	O
of	O
kanamycin	T-2
-	T-2
colistin	B-Chemical
and	T-3
povidone	T-3
-	O
iodine	O
irrigations	O
were	O
associated	T-0
with	O
erosive	O
cystitis	O
and	O
suggested	O
a	O
possible	O
complication	O
with	O
human	O
usage	T-1
.	O

A	O
high	O
percentage	O
of	O
kanamycin	O
-	O
colistin	T-3
and	T-3
povidone	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
iodine	I-Chemical
irrigations	T-2
were	O
associated	O
with	O
erosive	O
cystitis	O
and	O
suggested	O
a	O
possible	O
complication	O
with	O
human	O
usage	T-0
.	O

A	O
high	O
percentage	O
of	O
kanamycin	O
-	O
colistin	O
and	O
povidone	O
-	O
iodine	O
irrigations	O
were	O
associated	T-0
with	T-2
erosive	T-2
cystitis	B-Disease
and	T-3
suggested	T-3
a	O
possible	O
complication	O
with	O
human	O
usage	O
.	O

Picloxydine	B-Chemical
irrigations	T-1
appeared	T-1
to	O
have	O
a	O
lower	O
incidence	O
of	O
erosive	O
cystitis	O
but	O
further	O
studies	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
performed	O
before	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
recommended	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
urological	O
procedures	O
.	O

Picloxydine	O
irrigations	O
appeared	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
lower	T-1
incidence	T-1
of	T-1
erosive	T-1
cystitis	B-Disease
but	O
further	O
studies	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
performed	O
before	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
recommended	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
urological	O
procedures	O
.	O

Effects	T-0
of	T-0
tetrandrine	B-Chemical
and	O
fangchinoline	O
on	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	O
in	O
mice	O
and	O
human	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
.	O

Effects	T-1
of	T-1
tetrandrine	T-1
and	O
fangchinoline	B-Chemical
on	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	O
in	O
mice	O
and	O
human	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
.	O

Effects	T-1
of	T-1
tetrandrine	O
and	O
fangchinoline	O
on	O
experimental	T-0
thrombosis	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
and	O
human	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
tetrandrine	O
and	O
fangchinoline	O
on	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	T-1
in	O
mice	O
and	O
human	T-0
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
.	O

Tetrandrine	O
(	O
TET	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
fangchinoline	O
(	O
FAN	O
)	O
are	O
two	O
naturally	O
occurring	O
analogues	O
with	T-0
a	T-0
bisbenzylisoquinoline	O
structure	O
.	O

Tetrandrine	O
(	O
TET	O
)	O
and	T-0
fangchinoline	B-Chemical
(	O
FAN	O
)	O
are	O
two	O
naturally	O
occurring	O
analogues	O
with	O
a	O
bisbenzylisoquinoline	O
structure	O
.	O

Tetrandrine	O
(	O
TET	O
)	O
and	O
fangchinoline	T-1
(	O
FAN	B-Chemical
)	O
are	T-2
two	T-2
naturally	T-2
occurring	T-2
analogues	O
with	O
a	O
bisbenzylisoquinoline	O
structure	O
.	O

Tetrandrine	O
(	O
TET	O
)	O
and	O
fangchinoline	O
(	O
FAN	O
)	O
are	O
two	O
naturally	O
occurring	T-0
analogues	O
with	O
a	O
bisbenzylisoquinoline	B-Chemical
structure	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	T-1
of	T-1
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	O
on	O
the	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	O
induced	T-0
by	O
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	O
(	O
EP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
and	O
blood	O
coagulation	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	T-0
effects	T-0
of	T-0
TET	O
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
on	O
the	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	O
induced	O
by	O
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	O
(	O
EP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
and	O
blood	O
coagulation	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
on	T-2
the	T-2
experimental	T-2
thrombosis	B-Disease
induced	T-1
by	T-1
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	O
(	O
EP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
and	O
blood	O
coagulation	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
on	O
the	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	O
induced	T-1
by	T-1
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	B-Chemical
(	O
EP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
and	O
blood	O
coagulation	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	T-2
of	T-2
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
on	O
the	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	O
induced	T-3
by	T-3
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	O
(	O
EP	B-Chemical
)	O
in	T-1
mice	T-1
,	O
and	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
and	O
blood	O
coagulation	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
on	O
the	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	O
induced	T-0
by	O
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	O
(	O
EP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	T-1
platelet	B-Disease
aggregation	I-Disease
and	T-2
blood	O
coagulation	O
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
undertaken	O
to	O
investigate	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
on	O
the	O
experimental	O
thrombosis	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
collagen	O
plus	O
epinephrine	O
(	O
EP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
and	O
platelet	O
aggregation	O
and	T-1
blood	B-Disease
coagulation	I-Disease
in	O
vitro	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
administration	T-2
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
of	T-0
TET	B-Chemical
and	T-1
FAN	O
in	O
mice	O
showed	O
the	O
inhibition	T-3
of	O
thrombosis	O
by	O
55	O
%	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
acetylsalicylic	O
acid	O
(	O
ASA	O
,	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
,	O
showed	O
only	O
30	O
%	O
inhibition	T-4
.	O

In	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
administration	T-2
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
showed	O
the	O
inhibition	T-3
of	O
thrombosis	T-1
by	O
55	O
%	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
acetylsalicylic	O
acid	O
(	O
ASA	O
,	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
,	O
showed	O
only	O
30	O
%	O
inhibition	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
administration	T-0
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
in	O
mice	O
showed	O
the	O
inhibition	T-2
of	O
thrombosis	B-Disease
by	O
55	O
%	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
acetylsalicylic	O
acid	O
(	O
ASA	O
,	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
,	O
showed	O
only	O
30	O
%	O
inhibition	T-1
.	O

In	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
study	O
,	O
the	O
administration	T-2
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
in	O
mice	O
showed	O
the	O
inhibition	T-0
of	O
thrombosis	O
by	O
55	O
%	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
acetylsalicylic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
ASA	O
,	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
,	O
showed	O
only	O
30	O
%	O
inhibition	T-1
.	O

In	O
the	O
in	O
vivo	O
study	O
,	O
the	T-0
administration	T-0
(	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
in	O
mice	O
showed	O
the	O
inhibition	T-1
of	T-1
thrombosis	O
by	O
55	O
%	O
and	O
35	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
while	O
acetylsalicylic	O
acid	O
(	O
ASA	B-Chemical
,	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
,	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
positive	O
control	O
,	O
showed	O
only	O
30	O
%	O
inhibition	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
vitro	O
human	O
platelet	B-Disease
aggregations	I-Disease
induced	T-2
by	O
the	O
agonists	O
used	T-0
in	O
tests	O
,	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	O
showed	T-3
the	O
inhibitions	T-1
dose	O
dependently	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
vitro	O
human	O
platelet	O
aggregations	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
the	O
agonists	O
used	O
in	O
tests	O
,	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	T-1
FAN	O
showed	O
the	O
inhibitions	O
dose	O
dependently	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
vitro	O
human	O
platelet	O
aggregations	O
induced	T-1
by	O
the	O
agonists	O
used	O
in	O
tests	O
,	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
showed	T-0
the	O
inhibitions	T-2
dose	O
dependently	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
neither	T-0
TET	B-Chemical
nor	O
FAN	O
showed	O
any	O
anticoagulation	O
activities	O
in	O
the	O
measurement	O
of	O
the	O
activated	O
partial	O
thromboplastin	O
time	O
(	O
APTT	O
)	O
,	O
prothrombin	O
time	O
(	O
PT	O
)	O
and	O
thrombin	O
time	O
(	O
TT	O
)	O
using	O
human	O
-	O
citrated	O
plasma	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
neither	T-0
TET	O
nor	O
FAN	B-Chemical
showed	T-2
any	O
anticoagulation	O
activities	O
in	O
the	O
measurement	O
of	O
the	O
activated	O
partial	O
thromboplastin	O
time	O
(	O
APTT	O
)	O
,	O
prothrombin	O
time	O
(	O
PT	O
)	O
and	O
thrombin	O
time	O
(	O
TT	O
)	O
using	O
human	O
-	O
citrated	O
plasma	O
.	O

These	O
results	T-0
suggest	T-1
that	T-1
antithrombosis	O
of	O
TET	B-Chemical
and	O
FAN	O
in	O
mice	O
may	O
be	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
antiplatelet	O
aggregation	O
activities	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
suggest	T-0
that	T-0
antithrombosis	O
of	O
TET	O
and	O
FAN	B-Chemical
in	O
mice	O
may	O
be	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
antiplatelet	O
aggregation	O
activities	O
.	O

Angioedema	B-Disease
due	T-0
to	T-0
ACE	O
inhibitors	O
:	O
common	O
and	O
inadequately	O
diagnosed	T-1
.	O

Angioedema	O
due	T-1
to	T-1
ACE	B-Chemical
inhibitors	I-Chemical
:	O
common	O
and	O
inadequately	O
diagnosed	T-0
.	O

The	O
estimated	O
incidence	T-0
of	T-0
angioedema	B-Disease
during	O
angiotensin	O
-	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
(	O
ACE	O
)	O
inhibitor	O
treatment	O
is	O
between	O
1	O
and	O
7	O
per	O
thousand	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
estimated	O
incidence	O
of	O
angioedema	O
during	T-0
angiotensin	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
converting	I-Chemical
enzyme	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
ACE	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
inhibitor	I-Chemical
treatment	T-1
is	O
between	O
1	O
and	O
7	O
per	O
thousand	O
patients	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
-	T-1
induced	T-1
mood	O
disorder	O
:	O
prevalence	O
rates	O
and	O
psychiatric	O
symptoms	O
in	O
an	O
outpatient	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
sample	O
.	O

Cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
:	T-0
prevalence	T-0
rates	T-0
and	O
psychiatric	O
symptoms	O
in	O
an	O
outpatient	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
sample	O
.	O

Cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
mood	O
disorder	O
:	O
prevalence	T-3
rates	T-3
and	T-0
psychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	T-1
in	T-1
an	O
outpatient	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
sample	O
.	O

Cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
mood	O
disorder	O
:	O
prevalence	O
rates	O
and	O
psychiatric	O
symptoms	T-1
in	O
an	O
outpatient	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	T-2
sample	O
.	O

This	O
paper	O
attempts	O
to	O
examine	O
and	O
compare	O
prevalence	T-1
rates	T-1
and	O
symptom	T-2
patterns	T-2
of	T-2
DSM	O
substance	T-3
-	T-3
induced	T-3
and	T-0
other	T-0
mood	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

243	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
dependent	T-1
outpatients	T-1
with	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	O
mood	O
disorder	O
(	O
CIMD	O
)	O
,	O
other	O
mood	O
disorders	O
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	O
disorder	O
were	O
compared	O
on	O
measures	T-0
of	T-0
psychiatric	O
symptoms	O
.	O

243	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
outpatients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
mood	O
disorder	O
(	O
CIMD	O
)	O
,	O
other	O
mood	O
disorders	O
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	O
disorder	O
were	O
compared	O
on	O
measures	O
of	O
psychiatric	O
symptoms	O
.	O

243	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
outpatients	O
with	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
(	O
CIMD	O
)	O
,	O
other	O
mood	O
disorders	O
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	O
disorder	O
were	O
compared	O
on	O
measures	O
of	O
psychiatric	O
symptoms	O
.	O

243	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
outpatients	O
with	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
mood	O
disorder	O
(	O
CIMD	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
other	O
mood	O
disorders	O
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	O
disorder	O
were	O
compared	O
on	O
measures	O
of	O
psychiatric	O
symptoms	O
.	O

243	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
outpatients	O
with	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	O
mood	O
disorder	O
(	O
CIMD	O
)	O
,	O
other	T-0
mood	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	O
disorder	O
were	O
compared	O
on	O
measures	O
of	O
psychiatric	O
symptoms	O
.	T-1

243	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
outpatients	O
with	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
mood	O
disorder	O
(	O
CIMD	O
)	O
,	O
other	O
mood	O
disorders	O
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
were	O
compared	T-1
on	O
measures	O
of	O
psychiatric	O
symptoms	O
.	O

243	O
cocaine	O
-	O
dependent	O
outpatients	O
with	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
mood	O
disorder	O
(	O
CIMD	O
)	O
,	O
other	O
mood	O
disorders	O
,	O
or	O
no	O
mood	O
disorder	O
were	O
compared	T-1
on	T-1
measures	T-2
of	T-2
psychiatric	B-Disease
symptoms	T-3
.	O

The	O
prevalence	T-1
rate	T-1
for	T-1
CIMD	B-Disease
was	O
12	O
%	O
at	O
baseline	O
.	O

Introduction	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	T-2
diagnosis	T-2
of	T-2
CIMD	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
substantially	O
affect	T-1
rates	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
depressive	O
disorders	O
.	O

Introduction	T-0
of	O
the	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
CIMD	O
did	O
not	O
substantially	O
affect	T-1
rates	O
of	O
the	O
other	O
depressive	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

Patients	T-2
with	T-2
CIMD	B-Disease
had	T-1
symptom	T-1
severity	O
levels	O
between	O
those	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
a	O
mood	O
disorder	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
some	O
validity	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
diagnosis	T-1
of	T-1
CIMD	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
also	O
suggest	O
that	O
it	O
requires	O
further	O
specification	O
and	O
replication	O
.	O

Effect	T-0
of	T-0
fucoidan	B-Chemical
treatment	T-1
on	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	T-2
intracerebral	O
hemorrhage	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
fucoidan	O
treatment	T-0
on	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	T-1
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Inflammatory	O
cells	O
are	O
postulated	O
to	O
mediate	T-0
some	O
of	O
the	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
following	O
ischemic	O
stroke	O
.	O

Inflammatory	O
cells	O
are	O
postulated	O
to	O
mediate	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
damage	O
following	T-0
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

Intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
is	T-0
associated	T-1
with	T-1
more	O
inflammation	O
than	O
ischemic	O
stroke	O
.	O

Intracerebral	O
hemorrhage	T-0
is	O
associated	T-2
with	O
more	O
inflammation	B-Disease
than	O
ischemic	T-1
stroke	O
.	O

Intracerebral	O
hemorrhage	O
is	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
more	O
inflammation	O
than	T-1
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
tested	O
the	O
sulfated	O
polysaccharide	O
fucoidan	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
reduce	T-1
inflammatory	O
brain	O
damage	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
intracerebral	O
hemorrhage	O
induced	T-0
by	O
injection	O
of	O
bacterial	O
collagenase	O
into	O
the	O
caudate	O
nucleus	O
.	O

We	O
tested	O
the	O
sulfated	O
polysaccharide	O
fucoidan	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
reduce	T-0
inflammatory	O
brain	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
,	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
intracerebral	O
hemorrhage	O
induced	O
by	O
injection	O
of	O
bacterial	O
collagenase	O
into	O
the	O
caudate	O
nucleus	O
.	O

We	O
tested	O
the	O
sulfated	O
polysaccharide	O
fucoidan	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
reduce	O
inflammatory	O
brain	O
damage	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	T-0
of	T-0
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
induced	T-1
by	T-1
injection	O
of	O
bacterial	O
collagenase	O
into	O
the	O
caudate	O
nucleus	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	T-1
with	T-0
seven	O
day	O
intravenous	O
infusion	T-2
of	O
fucoidan	B-Chemical
(	O
30	O
micrograms	O
h	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	T-0
hematoma	B-Disease
was	T-1
assessed	T-1
in	O
vivo	O
by	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
.	O

Fucoidan	B-Chemical
-	T-1
treated	T-1
rats	T-1
exhibited	O
evidence	O
of	O
impaired	O
blood	O
clotting	O
and	O
hemodilution	O
,	O
had	O
larger	O
hematomas	O
,	O
and	O
tended	O
to	O
have	O
less	O
inflammation	O
in	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
the	O
hematoma	O
after	O
three	O
days	O
.	O

Fucoidan	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
exhibited	T-0
evidence	O
of	O
impaired	B-Disease
blood	I-Disease
clotting	I-Disease
and	O
hemodilution	O
,	O
had	O
larger	O
hematomas	O
,	O
and	O
tended	T-1
to	O
have	O
less	O
inflammation	O
in	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
the	O
hematoma	O
after	O
three	O
days	O
.	O

Fucoidan	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
exhibited	O
evidence	O
of	O
impaired	O
blood	O
clotting	O
and	T-0
hemodilution	B-Disease
,	O
had	O
larger	O
hematomas	O
,	O
and	O
tended	O
to	O
have	O
less	O
inflammation	O
in	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
the	O
hematoma	O
after	O
three	O
days	O
.	O

Fucoidan	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
exhibited	O
evidence	O
of	O
impaired	O
blood	O
clotting	O
and	O
hemodilution	O
,	O
had	T-0
larger	T-0
hematomas	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
tended	O
to	O
have	O
less	O
inflammation	O
in	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
the	O
hematoma	O
after	O
three	O
days	O
.	O

Fucoidan	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
exhibited	T-1
evidence	O
of	O
impaired	O
blood	O
clotting	O
and	O
hemodilution	O
,	O
had	O
larger	O
hematomas	O
,	O
and	O
tended	O
to	T-0
have	T-0
less	T-0
inflammation	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
vicinity	O
of	O
the	O
hematoma	O
after	O
three	O
days	O
.	O

They	O
showed	O
significantly	O
more	O
rapid	O
improvement	T-2
of	O
motor	O
function	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
week	O
following	T-0
hemorrhage	B-Disease
and	T-1
better	O
memory	O
retention	O
in	O
the	O
passive	O
avoidance	O
test	O
.	O

Acute	T-1
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
edema	I-Disease
and	O
eventual	O
neuronal	O
loss	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
adjacent	O
to	O
the	O
hematoma	O
did	O
not	O
differ	T-0
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Acute	O
white	O
matter	O
edema	O
and	O
eventual	O
neuronal	O
loss	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
adjacent	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
differ	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
groups	O
.	O

Investigation	O
of	O
more	O
specific	O
anti	O
-	O
inflammatory	O
agents	O
and	O
hemodiluting	O
agents	O
are	O
warranted	T-1
in	T-1
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
.	O

Accumulation	T-0
of	O
atracurium	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
intravenous	O
line	O
led	O
to	O
recurarization	O
after	O
flushing	O
the	O
line	O
in	O
the	O
recovery	O
room	O
.	O

A	T-0
respiratory	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
with	T-1
severe	O
desaturation	O
and	O
bradycardia	O
occurred	T-2
.	O

A	O
respiratory	O
arrest	T-0
with	O
severe	T-2
desaturation	B-Disease
and	O
bradycardia	O
occurred	T-1
.	O

A	O
respiratory	O
arrest	O
with	O
severe	O
desaturation	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
occurred	T-0
.	O

Circumstances	O
leading	O
to	O
this	O
event	O
and	O
the	O
mechanisms	T-0
enabling	T-0
a	O
neuromuscular	B-Disease
blockade	I-Disease
to	O
occur	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
administration	T-1
of	T-1
a	O
small	O
dose	O
of	O
relaxant	O
,	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

The	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	T-0
of	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	O
combination	T-1
with	T-1
ephedrine	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
(	O
ASA	O
groups	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	O
of	O
propofol	O
in	T-0
combination	T-0
with	T-0
ephedrine	B-Chemical
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
(	O
ASA	O
groups	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
marked	O
vasodilator	O
and	O
negative	O
inotropic	O
effects	T-1
of	T-1
propofol	B-Chemical
are	T-2
disadvantages	T-2
in	O
frail	O
elderly	O
patients	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
adding	O
different	O
doses	T-0
of	T-0
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	O
propofol	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
obtund	O
the	O
hypotensive	O
response	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
adding	O
different	O
doses	T-1
of	O
ephedrine	O
to	O
propofol	B-Chemical
in	T-0
order	T-0
to	T-0
obtund	T-2
the	O
hypotensive	O
response	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
adding	T-2
different	O
doses	O
of	O
ephedrine	O
to	O
propofol	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
obtund	T-0
the	T-0
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	T-1
.	O

The	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	O
of	O
adding	O
15	O
,	O
20	O
or	O
25	T-0
mg	T-2
of	T-2
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	T-1
200	T-1
mg	T-1
of	O
propofol	O
were	O
compared	O
to	O
control	O
in	O
40	O
ASA	O
3	O
/	O
4	O
patients	O
over	O
60	O
years	O
presenting	O
for	O
genito	O
-	O
urinary	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
haemodynamic	O
effects	T-2
of	T-2
adding	O
15	O
,	O
20	O
or	O
25	O
mg	O
of	O
ephedrine	O
to	O
200	T-1
mg	T-1
of	T-1
propofol	B-Chemical
were	O
compared	T-3
to	T-3
control	O
in	O
40	O
ASA	O
3	O
/	O
4	O
patients	O
over	O
60	O
years	O
presenting	O
for	O
genito	O
-	O
urinary	O
surgery	O
.	O

The	O
addition	O
of	O
ephedrine	B-Chemical
to	T-0
propofol	T-0
appears	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
method	O
of	O
obtunding	O
the	O
hypotensive	O
response	O
to	O
propofol	O
at	O
all	O
doses	O
used	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
addition	O
of	O
ephedrine	T-1
to	T-1
propofol	B-Chemical
appears	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
method	O
of	O
obtunding	O
the	O
hypotensive	O
response	O
to	O
propofol	O
at	O
all	O
doses	T-0
used	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
addition	O
of	O
ephedrine	O
to	O
propofol	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
method	O
of	T-2
obtunding	T-2
the	T-2
hypotensive	B-Disease
response	T-0
to	O
propofol	O
at	O
all	O
doses	O
used	T-1
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
addition	O
of	O
ephedrine	O
to	O
propofol	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
an	O
effective	O
method	O
of	O
obtunding	O
the	O
hypotensive	O
response	T-1
to	T-1
propofol	B-Chemical
at	T-2
all	T-2
doses	T-2
used	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
marked	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
associated	T-0
with	T-0
the	O
use	O
of	O
ephedrine	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
propofol	O
occurred	T-1
in	T-1
the	O
majority	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
occasionally	O
reaching	O
high	O
levels	O
in	T-2
individual	O
patients	T-3
.	O

However	O
,	O
marked	O
tachycardia	O
associated	O
with	T-1
the	T-1
use	T-1
of	T-1
ephedrine	B-Chemical
in	T-2
combination	T-2
with	T-2
propofol	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
occasionally	O
reaching	O
high	O
levels	O
in	O
individual	O
patients	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
marked	O
tachycardia	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
the	O
use	O
of	O
ephedrine	O
in	O
combination	T-1
with	T-1
propofol	B-Chemical
occurred	T-2
in	T-2
the	O
majority	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
occasionally	O
reaching	O
high	O
levels	O
in	O
individual	O
patients	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
the	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
this	T-0
tachycardia	B-Disease
inducing	T-1
myocardial	O
ischemia	O
,	O
we	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
the	O
use	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
ephedrine	O
/	O
propofol	O
/	O
mixtures	O
studied	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
this	O
tachycardia	O
inducing	T-1
myocardial	B-Disease
ischemia	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
the	O
use	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
ephedrine	O
/	O
propofol	O
/	O
mixtures	O
studied	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
this	O
tachycardia	O
inducing	O
myocardial	O
ischemia	O
,	O
we	T-1
would	T-1
not	T-1
recommend	T-1
the	O
use	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
of	O
any	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
ephedrine	B-Chemical
/	O
propofol	O
/	O
mixtures	O
studied	O
.	O

Due	O
to	O
the	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
this	O
tachycardia	O
inducing	T-1
myocardial	O
ischemia	O
,	O
we	O
would	O
not	T-2
recommend	T-2
the	O
use	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
ephedrine	O
/	O
propofol	B-Chemical
/	O
mixtures	O
studied	O
.	O

Gemcitabine	B-Chemical
plus	O
vinorelbine	O
in	O
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	O
carcinoma	O
patients	O
age	O
70	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
or	O
patients	O
who	O
cannot	T-0
receive	T-0
cisplatin	O
.	O

Gemcitabine	O
plus	O
vinorelbine	O
in	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
patients	T-0
age	O
70	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
or	O
patients	O
who	T-1
cannot	T-1
receive	T-1
cisplatin	O
.	O

Gemcitabine	O
plus	O
vinorelbine	O
in	O
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	O
carcinoma	O
patients	O
age	O
70	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
or	O
patients	T-0
who	T-0
cannot	T-0
receive	T-0
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
the	O
prevalence	T-0
of	T-1
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	O
)	O
is	O
high	O
among	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
few	O
data	O
are	O
available	O
regarding	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
.	T-1

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
the	O
prevalence	T-0
of	T-0
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	O
carcinoma	O
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
is	O
high	O
among	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
few	O
data	O
are	O
available	O
regarding	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Although	O
the	O
prevalence	O
of	O
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	O
carcinoma	O
(	O
NSCLC	O
)	O
is	O
high	O
among	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
few	O
data	O
are	O
available	O
regarding	O
the	O
efficacy	T-0
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
chemotherapy	O
in	O
this	O
group	O
of	O
patients	O
.	O

Recent	O
reports	O
indicate	O
that	O
single	O
agent	O
therapy	T-0
with	T-0
vinorelbine	B-Chemical
(	O
VNB	O
)	O
or	O
gemcitabine	O
(	O
GEM	O
)	O
may	O
obtain	O
a	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
20	O
-	O
30	O
%	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
acceptable	O
toxicity	O
and	O
improvement	O
in	O
symptoms	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

Recent	O
reports	O
indicate	O
that	O
single	O
agent	O
therapy	T-1
with	T-1
vinorelbine	T-0
(	T-0
VNB	T-0
)	T-0
or	T-0
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
GEM	O
)	O
may	T-2
obtain	T-2
a	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
20	O
-	O
30	O
%	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
acceptable	O
toxicity	O
and	O
improvement	O
in	O
symptoms	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

Recent	O
reports	O
indicate	O
that	O
single	O
agent	O
therapy	T-0
with	T-0
vinorelbine	O
(	O
VNB	O
)	O
or	O
gemcitabine	O
(	O
GEM	B-Chemical
)	O
may	T-1
obtain	T-1
a	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
20	O
-	O
30	O
%	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
acceptable	O
toxicity	O
and	O
improvement	O
in	O
symptoms	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

Recent	O
reports	O
indicate	O
that	O
single	O
agent	O
therapy	O
with	O
vinorelbine	O
(	O
VNB	O
)	O
or	O
gemcitabine	O
(	O
GEM	O
)	O
may	O
obtain	O
a	O
response	T-0
rate	T-0
of	O
20	O
-	O
30	O
%	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
,	O
with	O
acceptable	O
toxicity	B-Disease
and	T-2
improvement	T-2
in	O
symptoms	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	T-0
toxicity	B-Disease
of	T-1
the	T-1
combination	T-1
of	O
GEM	O
and	O
VNB	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	O
or	O
those	O
with	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	O
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	T-0
of	O
the	O
combination	T-1
of	T-1
GEM	B-Chemical
and	T-2
VNB	T-2
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	O
or	O
those	O
with	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	O
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
the	T-0
efficacy	T-0
and	T-0
toxicity	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
combination	O
of	O
GEM	O
and	O
VNB	B-Chemical
in	T-1
elderly	O
patients	T-2
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	O
or	O
those	O
with	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	O
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
GEM	O
and	O
VNB	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	T-0
with	T-0
advanced	T-1
NSCLC	B-Disease
or	O
those	O
with	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	O
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
the	O
efficacy	O
and	O
toxicity	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
GEM	O
and	O
VNB	O
in	O
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	O
or	O
those	O
with	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	T-1
receiving	T-1
cisplatin	B-Chemical
were	O
assessed	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
patients	O
with	T-1
advanced	T-1
NSCLC	B-Disease
were	T-2
included	T-2
,	O
38	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
age	O
>	O
/	O
=	O
70	O
years	O
and	O
11	O
were	O
age	O
<	O
70	O
years	O
but	O
who	O
had	O
some	O
contraindication	O
to	O
receiving	O
cisplatin	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	O
were	O
included	O
,	O
38	O
of	O
whom	O
were	O
age	O
>	O
/	O
=	O
70	O
years	O
and	O
11	O
were	O
age	O
<	O
70	O
years	O
but	O
who	O
had	O
some	O
contraindication	T-0
to	O
receiving	T-1
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Treatment	O
was	O
comprised	T-0
of	O
VNB	B-Chemical
,	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
plus	O
GEM	O
,	O
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
both	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
15	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
.	O

Treatment	O
was	T-1
comprised	T-1
of	T-1
VNB	O
,	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
plus	O
GEM	B-Chemical
,	O
1000	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
,	O
both	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
,	O
8	O
,	O
and	O
15	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
.	O

Toxicity	B-Disease
was	T-0
mild	T-0
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	O
,	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Grade	T-0
3	T-0
-	T-0
4	T-0
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Grade	O
3	O
neurotoxicity	O
.	O

Six	O
patients	O
(	O
12	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	O
,	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
thrombocytopenia	O
,	O
and	O
2	O
patients	O
(	O
4	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
Grade	T-0
3	T-0
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Three	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	T-1
neutropenia	B-Disease
(	T-2
6	T-2
%	T-2
)	T-2
died	T-2
of	T-0
sepsis	T-0
.	T-0

Three	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	T-0
neutropenia	O
(	O
6	O
%	O
)	O
died	T-2
of	T-2
sepsis	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
median	O
age	O
of	O
those	O
patients	O
developing	O
Grade	T-0
3	T-0
-	T-0
4	T-0
neutropenia	B-Disease
was	T-1
significantly	T-1
higher	O
than	O
that	O
of	O
the	O
remaining	O
patients	O
(	O
75	O
years	O
vs	O
.	O
72	O
years	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
047	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	T-0
of	T-0
GEM	B-Chemical
and	T-1
VNB	O
is	O
moderately	T-2
active	T-2
and	O
well	O
tolerated	O
except	O
in	O
patients	O
age	O
>	O
/	O
=	O
75	O
years	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	T-0
of	T-0
GEM	O
and	T-2
VNB	B-Chemical
is	O
moderately	O
active	O
and	O
well	T-1
tolerated	T-1
except	O
in	O
patients	O
age	O
>	O
/	O
=	O
75	O
years	O
.	O

This	O
age	O
group	O
had	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
myelosuppression	B-Disease
.	O

New	O
chemotherapy	O
combinations	O
with	O
higher	O
activity	O
and	O
lower	O
toxicity	B-Disease
are	O
needed	T-0
for	T-0
elderly	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
NSCLC	O
.	O

New	O
chemotherapy	O
combinations	T-0
with	O
higher	O
activity	O
and	O
lower	T-2
toxicity	T-2
are	O
needed	O
for	O
elderly	O
patients	T-1
with	T-1
advanced	T-1
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
selective	T-1
dopamine	B-Chemical
D4	T-0
receptor	T-0
antagonist	O
,	O
NRA0160	O
:	O
a	O
preclinical	O
neuropharmacological	O
profile	O
.	O

A	O
selective	O
dopamine	O
D4	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
,	O
NRA0160	B-Chemical
:	T-0
a	T-0
preclinical	T-0
neuropharmacological	O
profile	O
.	O

NRA0160	T-0
,	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorobenzylidene	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
piperidin	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
yl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
fluorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
thiazole	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxamide	I-Chemical
,	O
has	O
a	O
high	O
affinity	O
for	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	O
D4	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
D4	O
.	O
4	O
and	O
D4	O
.	O
7	O
receptors	O
,	O
with	O
Ki	O
values	O
of	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
9	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
7	O
nM	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
is	O
over	O
20	O
,	O
000fold	O
more	T-0
potent	T-0
at	O
the	O
dopamine	O
D4	O
.	O
2	O
receptor	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	O
D2L	O
receptor	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
is	O
over	O
20	O
,	O
000fold	O
more	T-0
potent	T-0
at	T-0
the	T-0
dopamine	B-Chemical
D4	T-1
.	T-1
2	T-1
receptor	T-1
compared	O
with	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	O
D2L	O
receptor	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
is	O
over	O
20	O
,	O
000fold	O
more	O
potent	O
at	O
the	O
dopamine	O
D4	O
.	O
2	O
receptor	O
compared	T-0
with	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2L	O
receptor	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
has	O
negligible	T-0
affinity	O
for	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	O
D3	O
receptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
39	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
rat	O
serotonin	O
(	O
5	O
-	O
HT	O
)	O
2A	O
receptors	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
180	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
rat	O
alpha1	O
adrenoceptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
237	O
nM	O
)	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
has	O
negligible	T-1
affinity	T-1
for	T-1
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
D3	T-0
receptor	T-0
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
39	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
rat	O
serotonin	O
(	O
5	O
-	O
HT	O
)	O
2A	O
receptors	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
180	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
rat	O
alpha1	O
adrenoceptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
237	O
nM	O
)	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
has	O
negligible	T-0
affinity	O
for	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	O
D3	O
receptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
39	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
rat	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
-	O
HT	O
)	O
2A	O
receptors	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
180	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
rat	O
alpha1	O
adrenoceptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
237	O
nM	O
)	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
has	O
negligible	T-0
affinity	T-0
for	O
the	O
human	O
cloned	O
dopamine	O
D3	O
receptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
39	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
rat	O
serotonin	O
(	O
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
)	O
2A	O
receptors	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
180	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
rat	O
alpha1	O
adrenoceptor	O
(	O
Ki	O
=	O
237	O
nM	O
)	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	T-0
clozapine	O
antagonized	T-1
locomotor	T-1
hyperactivity	T-1
induced	O
by	O
methamphetamine	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

NRA0160	T-0
and	T-0
clozapine	B-Chemical
antagonized	O
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	O
induced	T-1
by	T-1
methamphetamine	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	O
antagonized	T-0
locomotor	T-0
hyperactivity	B-Disease
induced	T-1
by	T-1
methamphetamine	O
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	O
antagonized	T-0
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	O
induced	T-1
by	T-1
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
MAP	O
)	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	O
antagonized	O
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
methamphetamine	O
(	O
MAP	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	O
antagonized	O
MAP	O
-	O
induced	T-2
stereotyped	O
behavior	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	O
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
inhibition	T-1
,	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	T-0
and	T-0
clozapine	B-Chemical
antagonized	O
MAP	O
-	O
induced	T-1
stereotyped	O
behavior	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	T-2
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
inhibition	O
,	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	T-0
antagonized	T-2
MAP	B-Chemical
-	T-1
induced	T-3
stereotyped	O
behavior	O
in	O
mice	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	O
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
inhibition	O
,	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	O
significantly	O
induced	T-1
catalepsy	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	T-2
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
induction	T-3
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
induced	T-0
catalepsy	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	O
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
induction	O
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	O
significantly	O
induced	T-1
catalepsy	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
,	O
although	O
their	O
effects	O
did	O
not	O
exceed	O
50	O
%	O
induction	T-0
even	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
dose	O
given	O
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	T-0
clozapine	T-0
significantly	O
reversed	O
the	O
disruption	O
of	O
prepulse	O
inhibition	O
(	O
PPI	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
produced	O
by	O
apomorphine	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
reversed	T-2
the	O
disruption	O
of	O
prepulse	O
inhibition	O
(	O
PPI	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
produced	T-1
by	O
apomorphine	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	O
significantly	T-3
reversed	T-3
the	O
disruption	O
of	O
prepulse	O
inhibition	O
(	O
PPI	O
)	O
in	O
rats	O
produced	T-2
by	T-2
apomorphine	B-Chemical
.	O

NRA0160	B-Chemical
and	O
clozapine	O
significantly	T-0
shortened	T-0
the	O
phencyclidine	O
(	O
PCP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
prolonged	O
swimming	O
latency	O
in	O
rats	O
in	O
a	O
water	O
maze	O
task	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	T-0
clozapine	B-Chemical
significantly	O
shortened	O
the	O
phencyclidine	O
(	O
PCP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
prolonged	O
swimming	O
latency	O
in	O
rats	O
in	O
a	O
water	O
maze	O
task	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	O
significantly	O
shortened	T-1
the	T-1
phencyclidine	B-Chemical
(	O
PCP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-0
prolonged	O
swimming	O
latency	O
in	O
rats	O
in	O
a	O
water	O
maze	O
task	O
.	O

NRA0160	O
and	O
clozapine	O
significantly	O
shortened	O
the	O
phencyclidine	O
(	O
PCP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	T-1
induced	T-1
prolonged	O
swimming	O
latency	O
in	O
rats	O
in	O
a	O
water	O
maze	O
task	O
.	O

These	O
findings	T-0
suggest	T-1
that	T-1
NRA0160	B-Chemical
may	T-2
have	T-2
unique	O
antipsychotic	O
activities	O
without	O
the	O
liability	O
of	O
motor	O
side	O
effects	O
typical	O
of	O
classical	O
antipsychotics	O
.	O

Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
artery	O
calcification	O
is	O
accelerated	T-1
by	T-1
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
.	T-2

Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	T-1
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
is	O
accelerated	T-2
by	T-2
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
.	O

Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	O
artery	O
calcification	O
is	T-1
accelerated	T-1
by	T-1
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
demonstrate	T-1
that	O
growth	T-2
and	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
treatment	T-0
enhance	T-3
the	T-3
extent	T-3
of	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
sufficient	O
doses	O
of	O
Warfarin	O
to	O
inhibit	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylation	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
,	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
expressed	O
by	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
and	O
macrophages	O
in	O
the	O
artery	O
wall	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
treatment	O
enhance	T-0
the	O
extent	O
of	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
given	O
sufficient	O
doses	O
of	O
Warfarin	O
to	O
inhibit	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylation	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
,	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
expressed	O
by	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
and	O
macrophages	O
in	O
the	O
artery	O
wall	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
treatment	O
enhance	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
sufficient	O
doses	T-1
of	T-1
Warfarin	B-Chemical
to	O
inhibit	T-0
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylation	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
,	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
expressed	O
by	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
and	O
macrophages	O
in	O
the	O
artery	O
wall	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
studies	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
growth	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
treatment	O
enhance	O
the	O
extent	O
of	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
sufficient	O
doses	O
of	O
Warfarin	O
to	O
inhibit	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylation	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
,	O
a	O
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	T-1
known	T-1
to	O
be	O
expressed	O
by	O
smooth	O
muscle	O
cells	O
and	O
macrophages	O
in	O
the	O
artery	O
wall	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
series	O
of	O
experiments	O
examined	O
the	O
influence	T-1
of	T-1
age	O
and	O
growth	O
status	T-0
on	T-0
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
Warfarin	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
series	O
of	O
experiments	O
examined	O
the	T-0
influence	T-0
of	O
age	O
and	O
growth	O
status	O
on	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
.	O

Treatment	T-0
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
with	T-1
Warfarin	B-Chemical
caused	T-2
massive	O
focal	O
calcification	O
of	O
the	O
artery	O
media	O
in	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
less	O
extensive	O
focal	O
calcification	O
in	O
42	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

Treatment	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
with	O
Warfarin	O
caused	T-1
massive	T-1
focal	T-1
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
less	O
extensive	O
focal	O
calcification	O
in	O
42	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

Treatment	T-1
for	T-1
2	T-1
weeks	T-1
with	T-1
Warfarin	T-1
caused	T-1
massive	O
focal	O
calcification	O
of	O
the	O
artery	O
media	O
in	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
less	T-0
extensive	T-0
focal	O
calcification	B-Disease
in	O
42	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
no	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
could	T-0
be	T-0
detected	T-0
in	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
adult	O
rats	O
even	O
after	O
4	O
weeks	O
of	O
Warfarin	O
treatment	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
no	O
artery	O
calcification	O
could	O
be	O
detected	O
in	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
adult	O
rats	O
even	O
after	O
4	O
weeks	O
of	T-2
Warfarin	B-Chemical
treatment	T-1
.	T-1

To	O
directly	O
examine	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
growth	O
to	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
animals	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
,	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
were	O
fed	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
either	O
an	O
ad	O
libitum	O
diet	O
or	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
g	O
/	O
d	O
restricted	O
diet	O
that	O
maintains	O
weight	O
but	O
prevents	O
growth	O
.	O

To	O
directly	O
examine	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
growth	O
to	O
Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	T-0
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
animals	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
,	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
were	O
fed	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
either	O
an	O
ad	O
libitum	O
diet	O
or	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
g	O
/	O
d	O
restricted	O
diet	O
that	O
maintains	O
weight	O
but	O
prevents	O
growth	O
.	O

Concurrent	O
treatment	O
of	O
both	O
dietary	O
groups	O
with	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
produced	T-0
massive	O
focal	O
calcification	O
of	O
the	O
artery	O
media	O
in	O
the	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
but	O
no	O
detectable	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
group	O
.	O

Concurrent	O
treatment	O
of	O
both	O
dietary	O
groups	O
with	O
Warfarin	O
produced	T-0
massive	T-0
focal	T-0
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
the	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
but	O
no	O
detectable	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
group	O
.	O

Concurrent	O
treatment	O
of	O
both	O
dietary	O
groups	O
with	O
Warfarin	O
produced	O
massive	O
focal	O
calcification	O
of	O
the	O
artery	O
media	O
in	O
the	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
but	O
no	T-1
detectable	T-1
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
group	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	T-0
association	T-0
between	T-0
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
and	O
growth	O
status	O
cannot	O
be	O
determined	O
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relationship	O
between	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
and	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
with	O
30	O
%	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
in	O
young	O
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
was	O
resistant	O
to	O
Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	O
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
ie	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
young	O
rats	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
growth	O
status	O
cannot	T-1
be	T-1
determined	T-1
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relationship	T-0
between	T-0
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
and	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
with	O
30	O
%	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
in	O
young	O
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
was	O
resistant	T-2
to	T-2
Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	O
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
ie	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
young	O
rats	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
association	T-1
between	T-1
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
growth	O
status	O
cannot	O
be	O
determined	O
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relationship	T-0
between	T-0
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
and	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
30	O
%	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
in	O
young	O
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
was	O
resistant	O
to	O
Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	T-2
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
ie	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	T-3
young	O
rats	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
growth	O
status	O
cannot	O
be	O
determined	O
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	T-0
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relationship	O
between	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
and	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
with	O
30	O
%	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	T-2
serum	T-2
phosphate	B-Chemical
in	T-3
young	T-3
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
was	O
resistant	T-1
to	T-1
Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	O
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
ie	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
young	O
rats	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
growth	O
status	O
cannot	O
be	O
determined	T-0
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relationship	O
between	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
and	O
susceptibility	T-1
to	O
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
with	O
30	O
%	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
in	O
young	O
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
was	O
resistant	T-3
to	T-3
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
ie	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
young	O
rats	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
explanation	O
for	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
growth	O
status	O
cannot	O
be	O
determined	O
from	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
relationship	O
between	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
and	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
artery	O
calcification	O
,	O
with	O
30	O
%	O
higher	O
levels	O
of	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
in	O
young	O
,	O
ad	O
libitum	O
-	O
fed	O
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
groups	O
that	O
was	O
resistant	O
to	O
Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	T-0
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
,	O
ie	O
,	O
the	O
10	O
-	O
month	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
and	O
the	O
restricted	O
-	O
diet	O
,	O
growth	O
-	O
inhibited	O
young	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
suggests	O
that	O
increased	O
susceptibility	T-1
to	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
artery	O
calcification	O
could	O
be	O
related	T-3
to	T-3
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
levels	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
suggests	O
that	O
increased	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	T-0
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
could	T-1
be	T-1
related	O
to	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	O
levels	O
.	O

This	O
observation	O
suggests	O
that	O
increased	O
susceptibility	T-0
to	O
Warfarin	O
-	O
induced	T-1
artery	O
calcification	O
could	O
be	O
related	O
to	O
higher	O
serum	O
phosphate	B-Chemical
levels	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
set	O
of	O
experiments	O
examined	O
the	O
possible	O
synergy	T-2
between	T-2
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
and	T-1
Warfarin	O
in	O
artery	O
calcification	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
set	O
of	O
experiments	T-2
examined	T-2
the	O
possible	O
synergy	T-4
between	T-4
vitamin	T-1
D	T-1
and	T-5
Warfarin	B-Chemical
in	O
artery	O
calcification	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
set	O
of	O
experiments	O
examined	O
the	O
possible	O
synergy	T-0
between	T-0
vitamin	O
D	O
and	O
Warfarin	O
in	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
.	O

High	T-1
doses	T-1
of	T-1
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
are	T-2
known	T-2
to	T-2
cause	T-2
calcification	O
of	O
the	O
artery	O
media	O
in	O
as	O
little	O
as	O
3	O
to	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
are	T-2
known	T-2
to	T-2
cause	T-2
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
in	O
as	O
little	O
as	O
3	O
to	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	T-1
the	T-1
vitamin	B-Chemical
K	I-Chemical
antagonist	O
Warfarin	O
are	T-0
also	T-0
known	T-0
to	T-0
cause	T-0
calcification	O
of	O
the	O
artery	O
media	O
,	O
but	O
at	O
treatment	O
times	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
or	O
longer	O
yet	O
not	O
at	O
1	O
week	O
.	O

High	T-1
doses	T-1
of	O
the	O
vitamin	O
K	T-0
antagonist	T-0
Warfarin	B-Chemical
are	O
also	O
known	O
to	O
cause	T-2
calcification	T-2
of	T-2
the	O
artery	O
media	O
,	O
but	O
at	O
treatment	O
times	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
or	O
longer	O
yet	O
not	O
at	O
1	O
week	O
.	O

High	O
doses	O
of	O
the	O
vitamin	O
K	O
antagonist	O
Warfarin	O
are	O
also	O
known	O
to	T-0
cause	T-0
calcification	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
artery	I-Disease
media	O
,	O
but	O
at	O
treatment	O
times	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
or	O
longer	O
yet	O
not	O
at	O
1	O
week	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
these	O
2	O
treatments	O
and	O
found	T-2
that	T-2
concurrent	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
administration	T-0
dramatically	T-3
increased	T-3
the	O
extent	O
of	O
calcification	O
in	O
the	O
media	O
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
at	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
these	O
2	O
treatments	O
and	O
found	O
that	O
concurrent	O
Warfarin	O
administration	O
dramatically	O
increased	T-2
the	T-3
extent	T-3
of	T-3
calcification	B-Disease
in	T-1
the	T-1
media	O
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
-	O
treated	O
rats	O
at	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
current	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
investigated	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
these	O
2	O
treatments	O
and	O
found	O
that	O
concurrent	O
Warfarin	O
administration	O
dramatically	T-1
increased	T-1
the	O
extent	O
of	O
calcification	O
in	T-2
the	T-2
media	T-2
of	O
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	O
treated	T-3
rats	O
at	O
3	O
and	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	T-3
effect	T-3
of	T-3
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
dose	T-4
on	T-4
artery	T-4
calcification	O
and	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
calcium	O
,	O
which	O
suggests	O
that	O
vitamin	O
D	O
may	O
induce	O
artery	O
calcification	O
through	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
serum	O
calcium	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	T-0
effect	T-0
of	T-0
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	T-2
on	O
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
calcium	O
,	O
which	O
suggests	T-1
that	T-1
vitamin	O
D	O
may	O
induce	O
artery	O
calcification	O
through	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
serum	O
calcium	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
the	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
dose	T-1
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
calcium	O
,	O
which	O
suggests	O
that	O
vitamin	O
D	O
may	O
induce	O
artery	O
calcification	O
through	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
serum	O
calcium	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	O
effect	T-0
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
the	O
effect	T-1
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	T-3
of	T-3
serum	O
calcium	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
suggests	O
that	O
vitamin	O
D	O
may	O
induce	T-4
artery	O
calcification	O
through	O
its	O
effect	T-2
on	O
serum	O
calcium	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
calcium	O
,	O
which	O
suggests	T-0
that	T-0
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
may	T-1
induce	T-1
artery	O
calcification	O
through	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
serum	O
calcium	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
the	O
effect	T-3
of	T-3
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	T-1
of	T-1
serum	O
calcium	O
,	O
which	O
suggests	O
that	O
vitamin	O
D	O
may	T-4
induce	T-4
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
through	O
its	O
effect	O
on	O
serum	O
calcium	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
close	O
parallel	O
between	O
the	O
effect	T-0
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
artery	O
calcification	O
and	O
the	O
effect	T-1
of	O
vitamin	O
D	O
dose	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
of	O
serum	O
calcium	O
,	O
which	O
suggests	O
that	O
vitamin	O
D	O
may	O
induce	T-3
artery	O
calcification	O
through	O
its	O
effect	T-2
on	O
serum	T-4
calcium	B-Chemical
.	O

Because	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
treatment	T-0
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
in	O
serum	O
calcium	O
produced	O
by	O
vitamin	O
D	O
,	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
Warfarin	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
Warfarin	O
inhibits	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

Because	O
Warfarin	O
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
effect	T-1
on	T-1
the	O
elevation	O
in	O
serum	T-0
calcium	B-Chemical
produced	T-2
by	T-2
vitamin	O
D	O
,	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
Warfarin	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
Warfarin	O
inhibits	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

Because	O
Warfarin	O
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
in	O
serum	O
calcium	O
produced	T-1
by	T-1
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
Warfarin	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
Warfarin	O
inhibits	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

Because	O
Warfarin	O
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	T-3
in	T-3
serum	O
calcium	O
produced	O
by	O
vitamin	O
D	O
,	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	T-0
Warfarin	B-Chemical
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	T-1
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	T-2
that	O
Warfarin	O
inhibits	T-4
the	O
activity	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

Because	O
Warfarin	O
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
in	O
serum	O
calcium	O
produced	O
by	O
vitamin	O
D	O
,	O
the	O
synergy	T-1
between	T-1
Warfarin	T-0
and	T-0
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
Warfarin	O
inhibits	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
.	O

Because	O
Warfarin	O
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
in	O
serum	O
calcium	O
produced	O
by	O
vitamin	O
D	O
,	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
Warfarin	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
inhibits	T-1
the	O
activity	T-0
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
.	T-0

Because	O
Warfarin	O
treatment	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
elevation	O
in	O
serum	O
calcium	O
produced	T-0
by	T-0
vitamin	O
D	O
,	O
the	O
synergy	O
between	O
Warfarin	O
and	O
vitamin	O
D	O
is	O
probably	O
best	O
explained	O
by	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
Warfarin	O
inhibits	T-1
the	O
activity	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	T-2
.	O

High	O
levels	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
found	O
at	O
sites	T-0
of	T-0
artery	B-Disease
calcification	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
vitamin	O
D	O
plus	O
Warfarin	O
,	O
and	O
chemical	O
analysis	O
showed	T-2
that	T-2
the	O
protein	O
that	O
accumulated	T-3
was	O
indeed	O
not	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylated	O
.	O

High	O
levels	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
found	O
at	O
sites	O
of	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
vitamin	B-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
plus	T-2
Warfarin	O
,	O
and	O
chemical	O
analysis	O
showed	T-0
that	O
the	O
protein	O
that	O
accumulated	O
was	O
indeed	O
not	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylated	O
.	O

High	O
levels	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
found	O
at	O
sites	O
of	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
vitamin	O
D	O
plus	O
Warfarin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
chemical	O
analysis	O
showed	O
that	O
the	O
protein	O
that	O
accumulated	O
was	O
indeed	O
not	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxylated	O
.	O

High	O
levels	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
found	O
at	O
sites	O
of	O
artery	O
calcification	O
in	O
rats	T-2
treated	T-2
with	T-0
vitamin	O
D	O
plus	O
Warfarin	O
,	O
and	O
chemical	T-3
analysis	T-3
showed	O
that	O
the	O
protein	O
that	O
accumulated	T-1
was	O
indeed	O
not	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylated	I-Chemical
.	O

These	O
observations	O
indicate	O
that	O
although	T-0
the	T-0
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxyglutamate	I-Chemical
residues	T-1
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
apparently	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
function	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
accumulation	O
at	O
calcification	O
sites	O
.	O

These	O
observations	O
indicate	O
that	O
although	O
the	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxyglutamate	O
residues	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
apparently	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
function	T-0
as	T-0
a	T-0
calcification	B-Disease
inhibitor	T-1
,	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
accumulation	O
at	O
calcification	O
sites	O
.	O

These	O
observations	T-2
indicate	T-2
that	O
although	O
the	O
gamma	O
-	O
carboxyglutamate	O
residues	O
of	O
matrix	O
Gla	O
protein	O
are	O
apparently	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
function	O
as	O
a	O
calcification	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
required	O
for	O
its	O
accumulation	O
at	T-0
calcification	B-Disease
sites	T-1
.	O

Apomorphine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
nonselective	O
dopamine	O
agonist	O
,	O
was	T-0
selected	T-0
due	O
to	O
its	O
biphasic	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
,	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
induce	O
hypothermia	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
produce	O
distinct	O
changes	O
to	O
dopamine	O
turnover	O
in	O
the	O
rodent	O
brain	O
.	O

Apomorphine	O
,	O
a	O
nonselective	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
agonist	I-Chemical
,	O
was	T-0
selected	T-0
due	O
to	O
its	O
biphasic	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
,	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
induce	O
hypothermia	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
produce	O
distinct	O
changes	O
to	O
dopamine	O
turnover	O
in	O
the	O
rodent	O
brain	O
.	O

Apomorphine	O
,	O
a	O
nonselective	O
dopamine	O
agonist	O
,	O
was	O
selected	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
biphasic	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
,	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
induce	T-0
hypothermia	B-Disease
,	T-1
and	T-1
to	T-1
produce	T-1
distinct	O
changes	O
to	O
dopamine	O
turnover	O
in	O
the	O
rodent	O
brain	O
.	O

Apomorphine	O
,	O
a	O
nonselective	T-0
dopamine	O
agonist	O
,	O
was	O
selected	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
biphasic	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
,	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
induce	T-1
hypothermia	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
produce	O
distinct	O
changes	T-2
to	T-2
dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
in	O
the	O
rodent	O
brain	O
.	O

From	O
such	O
experiments	O
there	O
is	O
evidence	O
that	O
characterization	O
and	O
detection	T-1
of	T-1
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
activity	O
in	O
rodents	O
critically	O
depends	T-0
upon	O
the	O
test	O
conditions	O
employed	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
,	O
detection	T-3
of	T-3
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-4
hyperactivity	O
was	O
facilitated	O
by	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
acclimatization	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
conditions	O
.	O

In	O
rats	O
,	O
detection	O
of	O
apomorphine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
hyperactivity	B-Disease
was	T-1
facilitated	T-1
by	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
acclimatization	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
conditions	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
test	O
conditions	O
can	O
impact	T-0
upon	O
other	O
physiological	O
responses	O
to	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
such	O
as	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	T-1
hypothermia	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
test	O
conditions	O
can	O
impact	T-1
upon	O
other	O
physiological	O
responses	O
to	O
apomorphine	O
such	O
as	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	T-2
hypothermia	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
mice	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
produced	T-0
qualitatively	O
different	O
responses	T-1
under	O
novel	O
conditions	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
those	O
behaviors	O
elicited	O
in	O
the	O
home	O
test	O
cage	O
.	O

By	T-1
contrast	T-1
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	T-0
induced	T-0
locomotion	O
was	O
more	O
prominent	O
in	O
the	O
novel	O
exploratory	O
box	O
.	O

Dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	T-1
ratios	T-1
(	O
DOPAC	O
:	O
DA	O
and	O
HVA	O
:	O
DA	O
)	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
lower	O
in	O
those	O
animals	O
exposed	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
exploratory	O
box	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
their	O
home	O
cage	O
counterparts	O
.	O

Dopamine	O
turnover	T-1
ratios	T-1
(	O
DOPAC	B-Chemical
:	O
DA	O
and	O
HVA	O
:	O
DA	O
)	O
were	T-0
found	T-0
to	O
be	O
lower	O
in	O
those	O
animals	O
exposed	O
to	O
the	O
exploratory	O
box	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
their	O
home	O
cage	O
counterparts	O
.	O

Dopamine	O
turnover	O
ratios	O
(	O
DOPAC	O
:	O
DA	O
and	O
HVA	B-Chemical
:	O
DA	O
)	O
were	O
found	O
to	O
be	O
lower	O
in	O
those	O
animals	O
exposed	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
exploratory	O
box	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
their	O
home	O
cage	O
counterparts	O
.	O

Dopamine	O
turnover	O
ratios	O
(	O
DOPAC	O
:	O
DA	O
and	O
HVA	O
:	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
were	T-1
found	T-1
to	O
be	O
lower	O
in	O
those	O
animals	O
exposed	T-0
to	O
the	O
exploratory	O
box	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
their	O
home	O
cage	O
counterparts	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
reductions	O
in	O
striatal	O
dopamine	O
turnover	O
were	O
detected	T-2
in	O
both	O
novel	O
and	O
home	O
cage	O
environments	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
apomorphine	O
-	O
induced	O
reductions	T-0
in	T-0
striatal	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
turnover	O
were	O
detected	O
in	O
both	O
novel	O
and	O
home	O
cage	O
environments	O
.	O

Hemolysis	B-Disease
of	T-1
human	T-1
erythrocytes	T-1
induced	O
by	O
tamoxifen	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
disruption	O
of	O
membrane	O
structure	O
.	O

Hemolysis	O
of	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
induced	T-1
by	T-1
tamoxifen	B-Chemical
is	T-2
related	T-2
to	T-0
disruption	O
of	O
membrane	O
structure	O
.	O

Tamoxifen	B-Chemical
(	O
TAM	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
antiestrogenic	O
drug	T-0
most	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
in	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
of	O
breast	O
cancer	O
,	O
induces	T-2
changes	O
in	O
normal	O
discoid	O
shape	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
and	O
hemolytic	O
anemia	O
.	O

Tamoxifen	T-0
(	O
TAM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	T-1
the	T-1
antiestrogenic	T-1
drug	T-1
most	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
in	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
of	O
breast	O
cancer	O
,	O
induces	O
changes	O
in	O
normal	O
discoid	O
shape	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
and	O
hemolytic	O
anemia	O
.	O

Tamoxifen	O
(	O
TAM	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
antiestrogenic	O
drug	O
most	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
in	O
the	O
chemotherapy	T-0
of	T-0
breast	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
,	O
induces	O
changes	O
in	O
normal	O
discoid	O
shape	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
and	O
hemolytic	O
anemia	O
.	O

Tamoxifen	O
(	O
TAM	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
antiestrogenic	O
drug	O
most	O
widely	O
prescribed	O
in	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
of	O
breast	O
cancer	O
,	O
induces	T-0
changes	T-0
in	T-0
normal	O
discoid	O
shape	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
and	O
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
TAM	B-Chemical
on	T-1
isolated	T-1
human	O
erythrocytes	O
,	O
attempting	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanisms	O
on	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolytic	O
anemia	O
and	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
biomembranes	O
in	O
its	O
cytostatic	O
action	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TAM	O
on	O
isolated	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
,	O
attempting	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanisms	T-1
on	T-1
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
hemolytic	O
anemia	O
and	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
biomembranes	O
in	O
its	O
cytostatic	O
action	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
TAM	O
on	O
isolated	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
,	O
attempting	O
to	O
identify	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanisms	O
on	O
TAM	T-0
-	T-0
induced	T-1
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
involvement	O
of	O
biomembranes	O
in	O
its	O
cytostatic	O
action	O
mechanisms	O
.	O

TAM	B-Chemical
induces	T-0
hemolysis	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
as	O
a	O
function	O
of	O
concentration	O
.	O

TAM	T-1
induces	T-1
hemolysis	B-Disease
of	T-2
erythrocytes	T-2
as	O
a	O
function	O
of	O
concentration	O
.	O

The	O
extension	T-0
of	T-0
hemolysis	B-Disease
is	T-1
variable	T-1
with	O
erythrocyte	O
samples	O
,	O
but	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
microM	O
TAM	O
induces	O
total	O
hemolysis	O
of	O
all	O
tested	O
suspensions	O
.	O

The	O
extension	O
of	O
hemolysis	O
is	O
variable	O
with	O
erythrocyte	O
samples	O
,	O
but	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
microM	O
TAM	B-Chemical
induces	T-0
total	O
hemolysis	O
of	O
all	O
tested	O
suspensions	O
.	O

The	O
extension	O
of	O
hemolysis	O
is	O
variable	O
with	O
erythrocyte	O
samples	O
,	O
but	O
12	O
.	O
5	O
microM	O
TAM	O
induces	T-0
total	T-0
hemolysis	B-Disease
of	O
all	O
tested	O
suspensions	O
.	O

Despite	O
inducing	T-2
extensive	O
erythrocyte	O
lysis	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
does	T-1
not	T-1
shift	T-1
the	O
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
of	O
erythrocytes	O
.	O

The	T-0
hemolytic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
TAM	O
is	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
concentrations	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
)	O
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
acetate	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	O
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	T-2
effect	T-2
of	T-2
TAM	B-Chemical
is	O
prevented	T-1
by	T-1
low	O
concentrations	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
)	O
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
acetate	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	O
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	O
effect	O
of	O
TAM	O
is	O
prevented	T-0
by	O
low	O
concentrations	T-2
of	T-2
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tocopherol	I-Chemical
(	T-3
alpha	T-3
-	T-3
T	T-3
)	T-3
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
acetate	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	O
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	T-1
hemolysis	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	O
effect	O
of	O
TAM	O
is	O
prevented	T-1
by	O
low	O
concentrations	T-0
of	T-0
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
(	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
T	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
acetate	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	O
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	O
effect	T-2
of	T-2
TAM	O
is	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
concentrations	T-0
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
)	O
and	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tocopherol	I-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	O
)	O
indicating	T-3
that	T-3
TAM	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	T-1
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	O
effect	O
of	O
TAM	O
is	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
concentrations	T-0
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
)	O
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	T-2
acetate	T-2
(	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TAc	I-Chemical
)	O
(	T-3
inactivated	T-3
functional	T-3
hydroxyl	T-3
)	T-3
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	O
hemolysis	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	T-1
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	O
effect	O
of	O
TAM	O
is	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
concentrations	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
)	O
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
acetate	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	B-Chemical
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	T-0
hemolysis	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	O
effect	O
of	O
TAM	O
is	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
concentrations	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
)	O
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
acetate	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	O
)	O
indicating	T-0
that	T-0
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
hemolysis	O
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

The	O
hemolytic	O
effect	O
of	O
TAM	O
is	O
prevented	O
by	O
low	O
concentrations	O
of	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
)	O
and	O
alpha	O
-	O
tocopherol	O
acetate	O
(	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
)	O
(	O
inactivated	O
functional	O
hydroxyl	O
)	O
indicating	O
that	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	T-0
hemolysis	B-Disease
is	O
not	O
related	O
to	O
oxidative	O
membrane	O
damage	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
further	O
evidenced	O
by	O
absence	T-1
of	T-1
oxygen	B-Chemical
consumption	T-2
and	O
hemoglobin	O
oxidation	O
both	O
determined	O
in	O
parallel	O
with	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	T-0
hemolysis	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
further	O
evidenced	O
by	O
absence	O
of	O
oxygen	O
consumption	O
and	O
hemoglobin	O
oxidation	O
both	O
determined	T-0
in	T-0
parallel	T-0
with	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	T-2
induced	T-2
hemolysis	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
further	O
evidenced	O
by	O
absence	O
of	O
oxygen	O
consumption	O
and	O
hemoglobin	O
oxidation	O
both	O
determined	O
in	O
parallel	O
with	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	T-0
hemolysis	B-Disease
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
observed	T-0
that	T-0
TAM	B-Chemical
inhibits	O
the	O
peroxidation	O
of	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
induced	O
by	O
AAPH	O
,	O
thus	O
ruling	O
out	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	O
cell	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
observed	O
that	O
TAM	O
inhibits	O
the	O
peroxidation	O
of	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
AAPH	B-Chemical
,	O
thus	O
ruling	O
out	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	O
cell	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Furthermore	O
,	O
it	T-1
was	T-1
observed	T-1
that	T-0
TAM	O
inhibits	T-2
the	O
peroxidation	O
of	O
human	O
erythrocytes	O
induced	O
by	O
AAPH	O
,	O
thus	O
ruling	O
out	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-3
cell	O
oxidative	O
stress	O
.	O

Hemolysis	B-Disease
caused	T-0
by	T-0
TAM	O
was	O
not	O
preceded	O
by	O
the	O
leakage	O
of	O
K	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
cells	O
,	O
also	O
excluding	O
a	O
colloid	O
-	O
osmotic	O
type	O
mechanism	O
of	O
hemolysis	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
effects	O
on	O
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
.	O

Hemolysis	O
caused	T-0
by	T-0
TAM	B-Chemical
was	O
not	O
preceded	O
by	O
the	O
leakage	O
of	O
K	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
cells	O
,	O
also	O
excluding	O
a	O
colloid	O
-	O
osmotic	O
type	O
mechanism	O
of	O
hemolysis	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
effects	O
on	O
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
.	O

Hemolysis	O
caused	O
by	O
TAM	O
was	O
not	O
preceded	T-0
by	T-0
the	O
leakage	O
of	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
+	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
cells	O
,	O
also	O
excluding	O
a	O
colloid	O
-	O
osmotic	O
type	O
mechanism	O
of	O
hemolysis	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
effects	O
on	O
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
.	O

Hemolysis	O
caused	O
by	O
TAM	O
was	O
not	T-1
preceded	T-1
by	T-1
the	O
leakage	O
of	O
K	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
cells	O
,	O
also	O
excluding	O
a	O
colloid	O
-	O
osmotic	O
type	O
mechanism	T-0
of	T-0
hemolysis	B-Disease
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
effects	T-2
on	T-2
osmotic	O
fragility	O
curves	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
induces	T-0
release	O
of	O
peripheral	O
proteins	O
of	O
membrane	O
-	O
cytoskeleton	O
and	O
cytosol	O
proteins	O
essentially	O
bound	O
to	O
band	O
3	O
.	O

Either	O
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
T	I-Chemical
or	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
increases	T-0
membrane	O
packing	O
and	O
prevents	T-1
TAM	O
partition	O
into	O
model	O
membranes	O
.	O

Either	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
or	T-1
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
TAc	I-Chemical
increases	T-2
membrane	O
packing	O
and	O
prevents	T-0
TAM	O
partition	O
into	O
model	O
membranes	O
.	O

Either	O
alpha	O
-	O
T	O
or	O
alpha	O
-	O
TAc	O
increases	O
membrane	O
packing	O
and	O
prevents	T-1
TAM	B-Chemical
partition	O
into	T-0
model	T-0
membranes	T-0
.	O

These	O
effects	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
protection	T-1
from	T-1
hemolysis	B-Disease
by	O
tocopherols	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
decreased	O
TAM	O
incorporation	O
in	O
condensed	O
membranes	O
and	O
the	O
structural	O
damage	O
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
is	O
consequently	O
avoided	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
protection	O
from	O
hemolysis	O
by	O
tocopherols	B-Chemical
is	O
related	T-0
to	T-0
a	O
decreased	O
TAM	O
incorporation	O
in	O
condensed	O
membranes	O
and	O
the	O
structural	O
damage	T-1
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
is	O
consequently	O
avoided	O
.	O

These	O
effects	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
protection	T-0
from	T-0
hemolysis	O
by	O
tocopherols	O
is	O
related	O
to	O
a	O
decreased	T-1
TAM	B-Chemical
incorporation	T-2
in	O
condensed	O
membranes	O
and	O
the	O
structural	O
damage	O
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
is	O
consequently	O
avoided	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
TAM	B-Chemical
-	T-1
induced	T-1
hemolysis	O
results	O
from	O
a	O
structural	O
perturbation	O
of	O
red	O
cell	O
membrane	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
framework	O
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
and	O
its	O
cytoskeleton	O
caused	O
by	O
its	O
high	O
partition	O
in	O
the	O
membrane	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
TAM	O
-	O
induced	T-0
hemolysis	B-Disease
results	T-1
from	O
a	O
structural	O
perturbation	O
of	O
red	O
cell	O
membrane	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
framework	O
of	O
the	O
erythrocyte	O
membrane	O
and	O
its	O
cytoskeleton	O
caused	O
by	O
its	O
high	O
partition	O
in	O
the	O
membrane	O
.	O

These	O
defects	O
explain	O
the	O
abnormal	O
erythrocyte	O
shape	O
and	O
decreased	O
mechanical	O
stability	O
promoted	T-0
by	T-0
TAM	B-Chemical
,	O
resulting	T-1
in	T-1
hemolytic	O
anemia	O
.	O

These	O
defects	O
explain	O
the	O
abnormal	O
erythrocyte	O
shape	O
and	O
decreased	O
mechanical	T-0
stability	T-0
promoted	O
by	O
TAM	O
,	O
resulting	T-1
in	T-1
hemolytic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
since	O
membrane	O
leakage	O
is	O
a	O
final	O
stage	O
of	O
cytotoxicity	O
,	O
the	T-0
disruption	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
structural	O
characteristics	O
of	O
biomembranes	O
by	T-1
TAM	B-Chemical
may	T-2
contribute	T-2
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
its	O
anticancer	O
action	O
.	O

Changes	T-0
of	T-0
sodium	B-Chemical
and	T-1
ATP	O
affinities	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
nitric	O
oxide	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Changes	O
of	O
sodium	O
and	T-0
ATP	B-Chemical
affinities	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
nitric	O
oxide	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Changes	T-0
of	T-0
sodium	O
and	O
ATP	O
affinities	T-1
of	T-1
the	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
nitric	O
oxide	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Changes	O
of	O
sodium	O
and	O
ATP	O
affinities	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
during	T-0
and	O
after	T-1
nitric	O
oxide	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Changes	T-1
of	T-1
sodium	O
and	O
ATP	O
affinities	T-2
of	T-2
the	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
during	T-3
and	T-3
after	T-3
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
deficient	T-0
hypertension	O
.	O

Changes	O
of	O
sodium	O
and	O
ATP	O
affinities	O
of	O
the	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
during	O
and	O
after	O
nitric	O
oxide	O
deficient	T-0
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
system	O
,	O
NO	B-Chemical
is	T-0
involved	T-2
in	T-2
the	O
regulation	T-1
of	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
functions	O
.	O

Inhibition	T-0
of	T-0
NO	B-Chemical
synthesis	O
induces	T-1
sustained	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	O
synthesis	O
induces	T-0
sustained	O
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

In	T-1
several	T-1
models	T-1
of	T-1
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
elevation	O
of	O
intracellular	O
sodium	O
level	O
was	O
documented	O
in	O
cardiac	O
tissue	O
.	O

In	O
several	O
models	O
of	O
hypertension	O
,	O
elevation	T-1
of	T-1
intracellular	O
sodium	B-Chemical
level	T-0
was	O
documented	O
in	O
cardiac	O
tissue	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	T-3
of	T-3
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	T-0
of	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
induced	T-1
in	O
rats	O
by	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	T-2
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	O
(	O
G	O
)	O
-	O
nitro	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
methyl	O
ester	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
NAME	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	T-0
of	T-0
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	T-1
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	O
(	O
G	O
)	O
-	O
nitro	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
methyl	O
ester	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
NAME	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	T-0
of	T-0
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
induced	O
in	O
rats	O
by	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	O
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	O
(	O
G	O
)	O
-	O
nitro	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
methyl	O
ester	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
NAME	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	O
of	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
induced	T-0
in	O
rats	O
by	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	O
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	O
(	O
G	O
)	O
-	O
nitro	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
methyl	O
ester	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
NAME	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	O
of	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	B-Disease
induced	T-0
in	O
rats	O
by	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	O
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	O
(	O
G	O
)	O
-	O
nitro	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
methyl	O
ester	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
NAME	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	O
of	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
induced	T-1
in	O
rats	O
by	T-2
NO	B-Chemical
-	T-0
synthase	T-0
inhibition	O
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	O
(	O
G	O
)	O
-	O
nitro	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
methyl	O
ester	O
(	O
L	O
-	O
NAME	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	O
of	O
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
induced	T-0
in	T-0
rats	O
by	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	O
with	O
40	T-1
mg	T-1
/	T-1
kg	T-1
/	T-1
day	T-1
N	B-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
G	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
nitro	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
ester	I-Chemical
(	O
L	O
-	O
NAME	O
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

To	O
assess	O
the	O
molecular	O
basis	O
of	O
disturbances	O
in	O
transmembraneous	O
transport	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
we	O
studied	O
the	O
response	T-0
of	T-0
cardiac	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
to	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
hypertension	O
induced	T-1
in	O
rats	O
by	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
inhibition	T-2
with	O
40	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
N	O
(	O
G	O
)	O
-	O
nitro	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
methyl	O
ester	O
(	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
)	O
for	O
4	O
four	O
weeks	O
.	O

After	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
administration	T-2
of	T-2
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
NAME	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
systolic	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
increased	T-3
by	O
36	O
%	O
.	O

When	O
activating	T-0
the	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
with	O
its	O
substrate	O
ATP	O
,	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
Km	O
and	O
Vmax	O
values	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

When	O
activating	T-0
the	T-0
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
with	O
its	O
substrate	O
ATP	O
,	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
Km	O
and	O
Vmax	O
values	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

When	O
activating	T-0
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
with	O
its	O
substrate	O
ATP	B-Chemical
,	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
Km	O
and	O
Vmax	O
values	O
were	O
observed	O
in	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

When	O
activating	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
with	O
its	O
substrate	O
ATP	O
,	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
Km	O
and	O
Vmax	O
values	O
were	O
observed	T-1
in	T-1
NO	B-Chemical
-	T-0
deficient	T-0
rats	O
.	O

During	O
activation	T-2
with	T-2
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
,	O
the	O
Vmax	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
K	O
(	O
Na	O
)	O
increased	O
by	O
50	O
%	O
,	O
indicating	T-1
a	O
profound	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
in	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

During	T-0
activation	T-0
with	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
the	O
Vmax	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
however	T-1
the	T-1
K	B-Chemical
(	O
Na	O
)	O
increased	T-2
by	T-2
50	O
%	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
profound	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
in	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

During	O
activation	O
with	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
the	O
Vmax	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
K	T-0
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
)	O
increased	T-1
by	T-1
50	O
%	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
profound	O
decrease	O
in	O
the	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
in	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

During	O
activation	O
with	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
the	O
Vmax	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
K	O
(	O
Na	O
)	O
increased	O
by	O
50	O
%	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	O
profound	O
decrease	T-1
in	O
the	O
affinity	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
-	O
binding	T-2
site	O
in	O
NO	O
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

During	O
activation	O
with	O
Na	O
+	O
,	O
the	O
Vmax	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
K	O
(	O
Na	O
)	O
increased	O
by	O
50	O
%	O
,	O
indicating	O
a	T-1
profound	T-1
decrease	T-1
in	O
the	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	T-0
site	O
in	O
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
deficient	O
rats	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	T-0
from	T-0
hypertension	B-Disease
,	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
increased	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
higher	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
ATP	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
from	O
the	O
lowered	O
Km	O
value	O
for	O
ATP	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
from	O
hypertension	O
,	O
the	O
activity	T-0
of	T-0
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
increased	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
higher	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
ATP	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
from	O
the	O
lowered	O
Km	O
value	O
for	O
ATP	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
from	O
hypertension	O
,	O
the	T-0
activity	T-0
of	T-0
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
increased	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
higher	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
ATP	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
from	O
the	O
lowered	O
Km	O
value	O
for	O
ATP	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
from	O
hypertension	O
,	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
increased	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
higher	T-0
affinity	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
ATP	B-Chemical
-	O
binding	T-1
site	T-1
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
from	O
the	O
lowered	O
Km	O
value	O
for	O
ATP	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
from	O
hypertension	O
,	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
increased	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
higher	O
affinity	O
of	O
the	O
ATP	O
-	O
binding	O
site	O
,	O
as	T-0
revealed	T-0
from	T-0
the	O
lowered	O
Km	O
value	T-1
for	T-1
ATP	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
K	B-Chemical
(	O
Na	O
)	O
value	T-0
for	O
Na	T-1
+	T-1
returned	O
to	O
control	O
value	O
.	O

The	O
K	T-0
(	T-0
Na	T-0
)	T-0
value	T-2
for	T-2
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
returned	O
to	O
control	T-1
value	T-1
.	O

Inhibition	T-2
of	T-2
NO	B-Chemical
-	O
synthase	T-0
induced	T-3
a	O
reversible	O
hypertension	O
accompanied	O
by	O
depressed	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
extrusion	T-1
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
deteriorated	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
induced	T-3
a	T-3
reversible	T-0
hypertension	B-Disease
accompanied	O
by	O
depressed	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
extrusion	T-1
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
deteriorated	T-2
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
induced	T-0
a	O
reversible	O
hypertension	O
accompanied	T-1
by	T-1
depressed	B-Disease
Na	O
+	O
-	O
extrusion	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
deteriorated	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
induced	O
a	O
reversible	O
hypertension	O
accompanied	O
by	O
depressed	T-0
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
-	O
extrusion	T-1
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	T-2
of	O
deteriorated	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	O
properties	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
induced	O
a	O
reversible	O
hypertension	O
accompanied	O
by	O
depressed	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
extrusion	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	T-2
deteriorated	T-2
Na	B-Chemical
+	T-1
-	T-1
binding	T-1
properties	T-1
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
induced	T-0
a	O
reversible	O
hypertension	O
accompanied	O
by	O
depressed	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
extrusion	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
deteriorated	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	T-1
properties	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

Inhibition	O
of	O
NO	O
-	O
synthase	O
induced	T-0
a	O
reversible	O
hypertension	O
accompanied	O
by	O
depressed	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
extrusion	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
as	O
a	O
consequence	O
of	O
deteriorated	O
Na	O
+	O
-	O
binding	T-1
properties	T-1
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	T-0
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
,	O
the	O
extrusion	O
of	O
Na	B-Chemical
+	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
was	O
normalized	T-1
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
by	O
restoration	T-2
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
activity	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
,	O
the	O
extrusion	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
was	O
normalized	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	O
by	O
restoration	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
(	O
Na	B-Chemical
,	O
K	O
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
activity	O
.	O

After	O
recovery	O
of	O
blood	O
pressure	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
,	O
the	O
extrusion	O
of	O
Na	O
+	O
from	O
cardiac	O
cells	O
was	O
normalized	O
,	O
as	O
revealed	T-0
by	T-0
restoration	O
of	O
the	O
(	O
Na	O
,	O
K	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
ATPase	O
activity	O
.	O

Effects	T-1
of	T-1
long	O
-	O
term	O
pretreatment	T-2
with	T-2
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
on	O
bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
tachycardia	O
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
isoproterenol	O
on	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	T-1
induced	T-1
tachycardia	O
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
isoproterenol	T-0
on	O
bromocriptine	T-1
-	O
induced	T-3
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
rats	T-2
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
that	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	T-3
induced	T-3
tachycardia	O
,	O
which	O
persisted	O
after	O
adrenalectomy	O
,	O
is	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
mediated	T-1
by	T-1
central	O
dopamine	O
D2	O
receptor	O
activation	T-2
and	O
(	O
ii	O
)	O
reduced	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
supporting	O
therefore	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
sympathetic	O
outflow	O
to	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
that	O
bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
persisted	O
after	O
adrenalectomy	O
,	O
is	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
mediated	O
by	O
central	O
dopamine	O
D2	O
receptor	O
activation	O
and	O
(	O
ii	O
)	O
reduced	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
supporting	O
therefore	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
sympathetic	O
outflow	O
to	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
that	O
bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	O
,	O
which	O
persisted	O
after	O
adrenalectomy	O
,	O
is	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
mediated	T-0
by	T-2
central	T-2
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	T-1
receptor	T-1
activation	O
and	O
(	O
ii	O
)	O
reduced	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
supporting	O
therefore	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
sympathetic	O
outflow	O
to	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
that	O
bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	O
,	O
which	O
persisted	O
after	O
adrenalectomy	O
,	O
is	O
(	O
i	O
)	O
mediated	O
by	O
central	O
dopamine	O
D2	O
receptor	O
activation	O
and	O
(	O
ii	O
)	O
reduced	T-0
by	T-0
5	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	T-1
,	O
supporting	O
therefore	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
this	O
effect	O
is	O
dependent	O
on	O
sympathetic	O
outflow	O
to	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
examine	O
whether	O
prolonged	O
pretreatment	T-0
with	T-0
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
could	T-1
abolish	T-1
bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	O
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
examine	O
whether	O
prolonged	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
isoproterenol	O
could	O
abolish	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	T-0
induced	T-1
tachycardia	T-1
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
was	O
conducted	O
to	O
examine	O
whether	O
prolonged	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
isoproterenol	O
could	O
abolish	O
bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
tachycardia	B-Disease
in	O
conscious	O
rats	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	T-0
for	O
15	O
days	O
caused	O
cardiac	O
hypertrophy	O
without	O
affecting	O
baseline	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

Isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	T-1
for	O
15	O
days	O
caused	T-0
cardiac	B-Disease
hypertrophy	I-Disease
without	O
affecting	O
baseline	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
heart	O
rate	O
.	O

In	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
intravenous	T-0
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
(	O
150	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
induced	T-1
significant	O
hypotension	O
and	O
tachycardia	O
.	O

In	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
intravenous	O
bromocriptine	O
(	O
150	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
induced	T-0
significant	T-0
hypotension	B-Disease
and	O
tachycardia	O
.	O

In	O
control	O
rats	O
,	O
intravenous	O
bromocriptine	O
(	O
150	O
microg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
induced	O
significant	O
hypotension	O
and	T-0
tachycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
hypotension	O
was	T-1
unaffected	T-1
by	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
while	O
tachycardia	O
was	O
reversed	O
to	O
significant	O
bradycardia	O
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
was	O
partly	O
reduced	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
domperidone	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
hypotension	B-Disease
was	O
unaffected	T-3
by	T-3
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
while	O
tachycardia	T-0
was	O
reversed	O
to	O
significant	O
bradycardia	T-1
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
was	O
partly	O
reduced	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
domperidone	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	O
was	O
unaffected	T-0
by	T-0
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
,	O
while	O
tachycardia	O
was	O
reversed	O
to	O
significant	O
bradycardia	O
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
was	O
partly	O
reduced	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
domperidone	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
hypotension	O
was	O
unaffected	O
by	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
while	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
was	T-1
reversed	T-1
to	T-1
significant	T-1
bradycardia	T-1
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
was	O
partly	T-3
reduced	T-3
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
domperidone	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	O
was	O
unaffected	O
by	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
while	O
tachycardia	O
was	O
reversed	T-2
to	T-0
significant	T-0
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
an	T-1
effect	T-1
that	T-1
was	O
partly	O
reduced	T-3
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
domperidone	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	O
hypotension	O
was	O
unaffected	O
by	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
,	O
while	O
tachycardia	O
was	O
reversed	O
to	O
significant	O
bradycardia	O
,	O
an	O
effect	T-0
that	O
was	O
partly	O
reduced	T-1
by	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
domperidone	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
.	O

Neither	O
cardiac	O
vagal	O
nor	O
sympathetic	O
tone	O
was	T-3
altered	T-3
by	T-2
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	T-1
.	O

In	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
heart	O
preparations	O
from	T-2
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
induced	O
maximal	O
increase	T-1
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
saline	O
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
(	O
the	O
EC50	O
of	O
the	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
induced	T-0
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
enhanced	O
approximately	O
22	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
heart	O
preparations	O
from	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
,	O
the	T-0
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
maximal	O
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
saline	O
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
(	O
the	O
EC50	O
of	O
the	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
induced	O
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
enhanced	O
approximately	O
22	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
isolated	O
perfused	O
heart	O
preparations	O
from	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
induced	O
maximal	O
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
saline	O
-	O
pretreated	O
rats	O
(	O
the	O
EC50	O
of	T-0
the	T-0
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
increase	O
in	O
left	O
ventricular	O
systolic	O
pressure	O
was	O
enhanced	O
approximately	O
22	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
.	O

These	O
results	T-2
show	T-2
that	O
15	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
pretreatment	O
not	O
only	O
abolished	T-0
but	O
reversed	T-1
bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	O
tachycardia	O
to	O
bradycardia	O
,	O
an	T-3
effect	T-3
that	O
is	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
further	O
cardiac	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
desensitization	O
rather	O
than	O
to	O
impairment	O
of	O
autonomic	O
regulation	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
15	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
not	O
only	O
abolished	O
but	O
reversed	T-0
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
tachycardia	O
to	O
bradycardia	O
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
is	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
further	O
cardiac	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
desensitization	O
rather	O
than	O
to	O
impairment	O
of	O
autonomic	O
regulation	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
show	O
that	O
15	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
not	O
only	O
abolished	O
but	O
reversed	O
bromocriptine	O
-	T-1
induced	T-1
tachycardia	B-Disease
to	T-2
bradycardia	T-2
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
is	O
mainly	O
related	O
to	O
further	O
cardiac	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
desensitization	O
rather	O
than	O
to	O
impairment	O
of	O
autonomic	O
regulation	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

These	O
results	T-2
show	T-2
that	T-2
15	O
-	O
day	O
isoproterenol	O
pretreatment	O
not	O
only	O
abolished	O
but	O
reversed	O
bromocriptine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
tachycardia	O
to	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
an	O
effect	O
that	O
is	O
mainly	O
related	T-1
to	T-1
further	O
cardiac	O
beta	O
-	O
adrenoceptor	O
desensitization	O
rather	O
than	O
to	O
impairment	O
of	O
autonomic	O
regulation	O
of	O
the	O
heart	O
.	O

They	O
suggest	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
normal	O
conscious	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
central	T-0
tachycardia	B-Disease
of	T-1
bromocriptine	T-1
appears	O
to	O
predominate	O
and	O
to	O
mask	O
the	O
bradycardia	O
of	O
this	O
agonist	O
at	O
peripheral	O
dopamine	O
D2	O
receptors	O
.	O

They	O
suggest	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
normal	O
conscious	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
central	O
tachycardia	O
of	O
bromocriptine	B-Chemical
appears	T-2
to	T-2
predominate	T-0
and	O
to	O
mask	T-1
the	O
bradycardia	O
of	O
this	O
agonist	O
at	O
peripheral	O
dopamine	O
D2	O
receptors	O
.	O

They	O
suggest	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
normal	O
conscious	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
central	O
tachycardia	O
of	O
bromocriptine	O
appears	T-1
to	O
predominate	O
and	O
to	T-0
mask	T-0
the	T-0
bradycardia	B-Disease
of	O
this	O
agonist	O
at	O
peripheral	O
dopamine	O
D2	O
receptors	O
.	O

They	O
suggest	O
that	O
,	O
in	O
normal	O
conscious	O
rats	O
,	O
the	O
central	O
tachycardia	O
of	O
bromocriptine	O
appears	O
to	O
predominate	O
and	O
to	O
mask	O
the	O
bradycardia	O
of	T-2
this	T-2
agonist	T-2
at	T-0
peripheral	T-0
dopamine	B-Chemical
D2	O
receptors	T-1
.	O

A	O
developmental	O
analysis	O
of	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	T-0
s	T-0
effects	T-0
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
in	O
infant	O
rats	O
.	O

Under	O
controlled	O
conditions	O
,	O
infant	O
rats	O
emit	T-0
ultrasonic	O
vocalizations	O
during	O
extreme	O
cold	O
exposure	O
and	O
after	O
administration	T-1
of	O
the	O
alpha	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
adrenoceptor	O
agonist	O
,	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
.	O

Previous	O
investigations	O
have	O
determined	O
that	O
,	O
in	T-0
response	T-0
to	T-0
clonidine	B-Chemical
,	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
increases	O
through	O
the	O
2nd	O
-	O
week	O
postpartum	O
and	O
decreases	O
thereafter	O
.	O

Given	O
that	O
sympathetic	O
neural	O
dominance	O
exhibits	O
a	O
similar	O
developmental	O
pattern	O
,	O
and	O
given	O
that	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
induces	T-1
sympathetic	O
withdrawal	O
and	O
bradycardia	O
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
clonidine	O
'	O
s	O
developmental	O
effects	T-2
on	T-2
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
would	O
mirror	O
each	O
other	O
.	O

Given	O
that	O
sympathetic	O
neural	O
dominance	O
exhibits	O
a	O
similar	O
developmental	O
pattern	O
,	O
and	O
given	O
that	O
clonidine	O
induces	T-1
sympathetic	O
withdrawal	O
and	O
bradycardia	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	O
that	O
clonidine	O
'	O
s	O
developmental	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
would	O
mirror	O
each	O
other	O
.	O

Given	O
that	O
sympathetic	O
neural	O
dominance	O
exhibits	O
a	O
similar	O
developmental	O
pattern	O
,	O
and	O
given	O
that	O
clonidine	O
induces	T-0
sympathetic	O
withdrawal	O
and	O
bradycardia	O
,	O
we	O
hypothesized	T-1
that	O
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
developmental	O
effects	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
would	O
mirror	O
each	O
other	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
experiment	O
,	O
the	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
clonidine	B-Chemical
administration	T-1
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
on	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
were	O
examined	O
in	O
2	O
-	O
,	O
8	O
-	O
,	O
15	O
-	O
,	O
and	O
20	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
rats	O
.	O

Age	O
-	O
related	O
changes	O
in	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
corresponded	O
with	O
changes	O
in	O
cardiovascular	O
variables	O
,	O
including	O
baseline	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	T-0
clonidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
bradycardia	O
.	O

Age	O
-	O
related	O
changes	O
in	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
corresponded	O
with	O
changes	O
in	O
cardiovascular	O
variables	O
,	O
including	O
baseline	O
cardiac	O
rate	O
and	O
clonidine	O
-	T-1
induced	T-1
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
experiment	O
is	O
discussed	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
ultrasound	O
production	O
is	O
the	O
acoustic	O
by	O
-	O
product	O
of	O
a	O
physiological	O
maneuver	O
that	O
compensates	T-0
for	T-0
clonidine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
detrimental	O
effects	T-1
on	O
cardiovascular	O
function	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
use	T-1
of	T-1
newer	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
.	T-0

Recurrent	O
use	O
of	O
newer	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
and	O
the	O
risk	T-1
of	T-1
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
epidemiological	O
studies	O
that	O
assessed	O
the	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
newer	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
(	O
OC	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
distinguish	O
between	O
patterns	O
of	O
OC	O
use	O
,	O
namely	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
users	O
,	O
repeaters	O
and	O
switchers	O
.	O

The	O
epidemiological	O
studies	O
that	O
assessed	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
newer	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
(	O
OC	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
distinguish	O
between	O
patterns	O
of	O
OC	O
use	O
,	O
namely	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
users	O
,	O
repeaters	O
and	O
switchers	O
.	O

The	O
epidemiological	O
studies	O
that	O
assessed	T-0
the	T-0
risk	T-0
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
newer	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
(	O
OC	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
distinguish	O
between	O
patterns	O
of	O
OC	O
use	O
,	O
namely	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
users	O
,	O
repeaters	O
and	O
switchers	O
.	O

The	O
epidemiological	O
studies	O
that	O
assessed	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
newer	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
(	O
OC	B-Chemical
)	O
did	O
not	O
distinguish	O
between	O
patterns	O
of	O
OC	O
use	O
,	O
namely	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
users	O
,	O
repeaters	O
and	O
switchers	O
.	O

The	O
epidemiological	O
studies	O
that	O
assessed	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
newer	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
(	O
OC	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
distinguish	O
between	O
patterns	T-0
of	T-0
OC	B-Chemical
use	T-1
,	O
namely	O
first	O
-	O
time	O
users	O
,	O
repeaters	O
and	O
switchers	O
.	O

Data	O
from	O
a	O
Transnational	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
were	O
used	O
to	O
assess	O
the	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
VTE	B-Disease
for	O
the	O
latter	O
patterns	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
while	O
accounting	O
for	O
duration	O
of	O
use	O
.	O

Over	O
the	O
period	O
1993	O
-	O
1996	O
,	O
551	O
cases	T-2
of	T-2
VTE	B-Disease
were	T-0
identified	T-1
in	O
Germany	O
and	O
the	O
UK	O
along	O
with	O
2066	O
controls	O
.	O

The	O
adjusted	T-1
rate	T-0
ratio	T-0
of	T-0
VTE	B-Disease
for	O
repeat	O
users	O
of	O
third	O
generation	O
OC	O
was	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
relative	O
to	O
repeat	O
users	O
of	O
second	O
generation	O
pills	O
,	O
whereas	O
it	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
for	O
switchers	O
from	O
second	O
to	O
third	O
generation	O
pills	O
relative	O
to	O
switchers	O
from	O
third	O
to	O
second	O
generation	O
pills	O
.	O

The	O
adjusted	O
rate	O
ratio	O
of	O
VTE	O
for	O
repeat	O
users	T-0
of	T-0
third	O
generation	O
OC	B-Chemical
was	T-1
0	O
.	O
6	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
3	O
-	O
1	O
.	O
2	O
)	O
relative	O
to	O
repeat	O
users	O
of	O
second	O
generation	O
pills	O
,	O
whereas	O
it	O
was	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
:	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
4	O
)	O
for	O
switchers	O
from	O
second	O
to	O
third	O
generation	O
pills	O
relative	O
to	O
switchers	O
from	O
third	O
to	O
second	O
generation	O
pills	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
second	O
and	O
third	O
generation	O
agents	O
are	O
associated	O
with	O
equivalent	O
risks	T-1
of	T-1
VTE	B-Disease
when	O
the	O
same	O
agent	O
is	O
used	T-0
repeatedly	O
after	O
interruption	O
periods	O
or	O
when	O
users	O
are	O
switched	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
generations	O
of	O
pills	O
.	O

These	O
analyses	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
higher	O
risk	O
observed	T-1
for	T-1
the	O
newer	O
OC	B-Chemical
in	O
other	O
studies	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
inadequate	T-0
comparisons	T-0
of	O
pill	O
users	O
with	O
different	O
patterns	O
of	O
pill	O
use	O
.	O

Differential	O
effects	O
of	O
systemically	T-1
administered	T-1
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
dynamic	O
and	O
static	O
hyperalgesia	O
induced	T-0
by	O
intradermal	O
capsaicin	O
in	O
humans	O
.	O

Differential	O
effects	T-1
of	T-1
systemically	O
administered	O
ketamine	O
and	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
dynamic	O
and	O
static	O
hyperalgesia	O
induced	T-2
by	T-2
intradermal	O
capsaicin	O
in	O
humans	O
.	O

Differential	O
effects	O
of	O
systemically	O
administered	T-2
ketamine	O
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
dynamic	T-1
and	T-1
static	T-1
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
induced	T-3
by	O
intradermal	O
capsaicin	O
in	T-0
humans	T-0
.	O

Differential	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
systemically	O
administered	O
ketamine	O
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
dynamic	O
and	O
static	O
hyperalgesia	O
induced	T-1
by	T-1
intradermal	O
capsaicin	B-Chemical
in	T-2
humans	T-2
.	O

We	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
systemic	O
administration	T-1
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
dynamic	O
)	O
pain	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
static	O
)	O
hyperalgesia	T-2
induced	T-0
by	T-0
capsaicin	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
systemic	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	T-2
and	T-2
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	T-1
brush	T-1
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
dynamic	O
)	O
pain	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
static	O
)	O
hyperalgesia	O
induced	O
by	O
capsaicin	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
systemic	O
administration	T-0
of	O
ketamine	O
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	T-1
(	O
dynamic	O
)	O
pain	B-Disease
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	T-2
(	O
static	O
)	O
hyperalgesia	O
induced	T-3
by	O
capsaicin	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
examined	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
systemic	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	O
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	T-0
(	O
dynamic	O
)	O
pain	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	T-1
(	O
static	O
)	O
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
induced	T-2
by	O
capsaicin	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
examined	T-0
the	O
effect	O
of	O
systemic	O
administration	T-1
of	O
ketamine	O
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
dynamic	O
)	O
pain	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
(	O
static	O
)	O
hyperalgesia	O
induced	T-2
by	T-2
capsaicin	B-Chemical
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
100	T-1
micrograms	T-1
was	T-1
injected	T-1
intradermally	O
on	O
the	O
volar	O
forearm	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusion	O
of	O
ketamine	O
(	O
bolus	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
over	O
10	O
min	O
followed	O
by	O
infusion	O
of	O
7	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
lidocaine	O
5	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
or	O
saline	O
for	O
50	O
min	O
.	O

Capsaicin	O
100	O
micrograms	O
was	O
injected	O
intradermally	O
on	O
the	O
volar	O
forearm	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusion	T-0
of	T-0
ketamine	B-Chemical
(	O
bolus	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
over	O
10	O
min	O
followed	O
by	O
infusion	O
of	O
7	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
lidocaine	O
5	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
or	O
saline	O
for	O
50	O
min	O
.	O

Capsaicin	O
100	O
micrograms	O
was	O
injected	O
intradermally	O
on	O
the	O
volar	O
forearm	O
followed	O
by	O
an	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
infusion	O
of	O
ketamine	O
(	O
bolus	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
over	O
10	O
min	O
followed	O
by	O
infusion	T-0
of	T-0
7	O
micrograms	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
min	O
-	O
1	O
)	O
,	O
lidocaine	B-Chemical
5	O
mg	O
kg	O
-	O
1	O
or	O
saline	O
for	O
50	O
min	O
.	O

Infusion	O
started	O
15	O
min	O
after	O
injection	T-0
of	T-0
capsaicin	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
following	O
were	O
measured	O
:	O
spontaneous	T-1
pain	B-Disease
,	T-0
pain	T-0
evoked	O
by	O
punctate	O
and	O
brush	O
stimuli	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
areas	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
were	O
measured	O
:	O
spontaneous	O
pain	O
,	O
pain	B-Disease
evoked	T-0
by	T-0
punctate	O
and	O
brush	O
stimuli	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
areas	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
were	O
measured	O
:	O
spontaneous	O
pain	O
,	O
pain	O
evoked	O
by	O
punctate	O
and	O
brush	O
stimuli	O
(	O
VAS	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
areas	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	T-0
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
reduced	T-0
both	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	O
significantly	O
and	O
it	O
tended	O
to	O
reduce	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
pain	O
.	O

Ketamine	O
reduced	T-0
both	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
brush	O
-	O
evoked	O
and	O
punctate	T-4
-	T-4
evoked	T-4
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
significantly	O
and	O
it	O
tended	O
to	O
reduce	T-1
brush	O
-	O
evoked	T-3
pain	O
.	O

Lidocaine	B-Chemical
reduced	T-0
the	O
area	O
of	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	O
hyperalgesia	O
significantly	O
.	O

Lidocaine	O
reduced	O
the	O
area	O
of	O
punctate	O
-	O
evoked	T-0
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
significantly	O
.	O

It	O
tended	O
to	O
reduce	O
VAS	O
scores	O
of	O
spontaneous	T-1
pain	B-Disease
but	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
evoked	O
pain	T-2
.	O

It	O
tended	O
to	O
reduce	O
VAS	O
scores	O
of	O
spontaneous	O
pain	O
but	O
had	O
no	T-0
effect	T-0
on	T-0
evoked	T-1
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
differential	T-2
effects	T-2
of	T-0
ketamine	B-Chemical
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
static	O
and	O
dynamic	O
hyperalgesia	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
two	O
types	O
of	O
hyperalgesia	O
are	O
mediated	T-1
by	O
separate	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
distinct	O
pharmacology	O
.	O

The	O
differential	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
ketamine	T-1
and	T-1
lidocaine	B-Chemical
on	O
static	O
and	O
dynamic	O
hyperalgesia	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
two	O
types	O
of	O
hyperalgesia	O
are	O
mediated	O
by	O
separate	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
distinct	O
pharmacology	O
.	O

The	O
differential	O
effects	O
of	O
ketamine	O
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
static	T-0
and	T-0
dynamic	T-0
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
two	O
types	O
of	O
hyperalgesia	O
are	O
mediated	T-1
by	O
separate	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
distinct	O
pharmacology	O
.	O

The	O
differential	O
effects	O
of	O
ketamine	O
and	O
lidocaine	O
on	O
static	O
and	O
dynamic	O
hyperalgesia	O
suggest	T-2
that	T-2
the	O
two	O
types	T-0
of	T-0
hyperalgesia	B-Disease
are	T-1
mediated	T-1
by	T-1
separate	O
mechanisms	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
distinct	O
pharmacology	O
.	O

Development	T-2
of	T-2
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-3
aggressive	O
behavior	O
:	O
comparison	O
of	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

Development	T-0
of	T-0
apomorphine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
:	O
comparison	O
of	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	T-1
induced	T-1
(	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
once	O
daily	O
)	O
aggressive	O
behavior	O
of	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
breeder	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
two	O
consecutive	O
sets	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
apomorphine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
(	O
1	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
once	O
daily	O
)	O
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
of	T-1
adult	T-1
male	T-1
and	O
female	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
breeder	O
was	O
studied	O
in	O
two	O
consecutive	O
sets	O
.	O

In	O
male	O
animals	O
,	O
repeated	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
treatment	T-0
induced	O
a	O
gradual	T-1
development	T-1
of	T-1
aggressive	O
behavior	O
as	O
evidenced	T-2
by	T-2
the	O
increased	O
intensity	O
of	O
aggressiveness	O
and	O
shortened	O
latency	O
before	O
the	O
first	O
attack	O
toward	O
the	O
opponent	O
.	O

In	O
male	O
animals	O
,	O
repeated	O
apomorphine	O
treatment	T-0
induced	T-2
a	O
gradual	O
development	T-3
of	T-3
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
the	O
increased	O
intensity	O
of	O
aggressiveness	O
and	O
shortened	O
latency	O
before	O
the	O
first	O
attack	O
toward	O
the	O
opponent	O
.	O

In	O
male	O
animals	O
,	O
repeated	O
apomorphine	O
treatment	O
induced	T-1
a	O
gradual	O
development	O
of	O
aggressive	O
behavior	O
as	O
evidenced	O
by	O
the	O
increased	T-2
intensity	T-0
of	T-0
aggressiveness	B-Disease
and	O
shortened	O
latency	O
before	O
the	O
first	O
attack	O
toward	O
the	O
opponent	O
.	O

In	O
female	O
rats	O
,	O
only	O
a	O
weak	O
tendency	T-1
toward	T-1
aggressiveness	B-Disease
was	O
found	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
gender	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
apomorphine	B-Chemical
-	T-2
induced	T-2
aggressive	O
behavior	O
and	O
indicates	O
that	O
the	O
female	O
rats	O
do	O
not	O
fill	O
the	O
validation	O
criteria	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
this	O
method	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
demonstrates	O
gender	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
the	O
apomorphine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
aggressive	B-Disease
behavior	I-Disease
and	O
indicates	O
that	O
the	O
female	O
rats	O
do	O
not	O
fill	O
the	O
validation	O
criteria	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
this	O
method	O
.	O

Intracranial	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
and	T-0
cocaine	O
abuse	O
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
prognostic	O
indicators	O
.	O

Intracranial	O
aneurysms	O
and	T-0
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
prognostic	O
indicators	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	T-1
outcome	T-1
of	T-1
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
associated	T-0
with	T-0
cocaine	O
abuse	O
is	O
reportedly	O
poor	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
The	O
outcome	O
of	O
subarachnoid	O
hemorrhage	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
is	O
reportedly	O
poor	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
review	O
of	O
admissions	O
during	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
revealed	T-1
14	O
patients	O
with	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	T-0
aneurysms	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
review	O
of	O
admissions	O
during	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
period	O
revealed	O
14	O
patients	T-0
with	T-0
cocaine	O
-	O
related	T-1
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
group	O
was	O
compared	T-0
with	T-0
a	O
control	O
group	O
of	O
135	O
patients	T-1
with	T-1
ruptured	B-Disease
aneurysms	I-Disease
and	O
no	O
history	O
of	O
cocaine	O
abuse	O
.	O

This	O
group	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
a	O
control	O
group	O
of	O
135	O
patients	T-1
with	O
ruptured	O
aneurysms	O
and	O
no	T-2
history	T-2
of	T-2
cocaine	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
.	O

Age	O
at	O
presentation	O
,	O
time	O
of	O
ictus	O
after	O
intoxication	O
,	O
Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	T-2
of	T-2
subarachnoid	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
size	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
aneurysm	T-0
,	O
location	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
aneurysm	T-1
,	O
and	O
the	O
Glasgow	O
Outcome	O
Scale	O
score	O
were	O
assessed	O
and	O
compared	O
.	O

Age	O
at	O
presentation	O
,	O
time	O
of	O
ictus	O
after	O
intoxication	O
,	O
Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	O
of	O
subarachnoid	O
hemorrhage	O
,	O
size	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
aneurysm	B-Disease
,	O
location	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
aneurysm	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Glasgow	O
Outcome	O
Scale	O
score	O
were	O
assessed	O
and	O
compared	O
.	O

Age	O
at	O
presentation	O
,	O
time	O
of	O
ictus	T-0
after	O
intoxication	O
,	O
Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	O
of	O
subarachnoid	O
hemorrhage	O
,	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
aneurysm	O
,	O
location	T-1
of	T-1
the	O
aneurysm	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
the	O
Glasgow	O
Outcome	O
Scale	O
score	O
were	O
assessed	O
and	O
compared	O
.	O

In	O
patients	O
in	O
the	O
study	O
group	O
,	O
all	T-0
aneurysms	B-Disease
were	T-1
located	T-1
in	O
the	O
anterior	O
circulation	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
of	O
these	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
were	O
smaller	T-0
than	T-0
those	O
of	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
(	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
08	O
mm	O
versus	O
11	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
.	O
4	O
mm	O
;	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
and	O
age	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
were	O
significant	O
predictors	O
of	O
outcome	O
for	O
the	O
patients	T-0
with	T-0
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	T-1
aneurysms	O
.	O

Hunt	O
and	O
Hess	O
grade	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
005	O
)	O
and	O
age	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
were	O
significant	O
predictors	O
of	O
outcome	T-0
for	O
the	O
patients	T-1
with	T-1
cocaine	O
-	O
related	T-2
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Cocaine	B-Chemical
use	T-0
predisposed	O
aneurysmal	O
rupture	O
at	O
a	O
significantly	O
earlier	O
age	O
and	O
in	O
much	O
smaller	O
aneurysms	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Cocaine	O
use	O
predisposed	T-0
aneurysmal	B-Disease
rupture	I-Disease
at	O
a	O
significantly	O
earlier	O
age	O
and	O
in	O
much	O
smaller	O
aneurysms	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Cocaine	O
use	O
predisposed	O
aneurysmal	O
rupture	O
at	O
a	O
significantly	T-0
earlier	T-0
age	T-0
and	O
in	O
much	O
smaller	O
aneurysms	B-Disease
.	O

Effect	T-0
of	T-0
intravenous	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
outcome	O
after	O
acute	O
stroke	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
intravenous	O
nimodipine	O
on	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
outcome	O
after	T-0
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	T-0
Intravenous	T-0
Nimodipine	B-Chemical
West	O
European	O
Stroke	O
Trial	O
(	O
INWEST	O
)	O
found	O
a	O
correlation	O
between	O
nimodipine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
reduction	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
and	O
an	O
unfavorable	T-2
outcome	T-2
in	O
acute	O
stroke	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
Intravenous	O
Nimodipine	O
West	O
European	O
Stroke	B-Disease
Trial	T-0
(	O
INWEST	O
)	O
found	O
a	O
correlation	O
between	O
nimodipine	O
-	O
induced	O
reduction	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
and	O
an	O
unfavorable	O
outcome	O
in	O
acute	O
stroke	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
Intravenous	O
Nimodipine	O
West	O
European	O
Stroke	O
Trial	O
(	O
INWEST	O
)	O
found	O
a	O
correlation	T-0
between	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
reduction	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
and	O
an	O
unfavorable	O
outcome	O
in	O
acute	O
stroke	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
Intravenous	O
Nimodipine	O
West	O
European	O
Stroke	O
Trial	O
(	O
INWEST	O
)	O
found	O
a	O
correlation	O
between	O
nimodipine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
(	O
BP	O
)	O
and	O
an	O
unfavorable	O
outcome	O
in	O
acute	O
stroke	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
AND	O
PURPOSE	O
:	O
The	O
Intravenous	O
Nimodipine	O
West	O
European	O
Stroke	O
Trial	O
(	O
INWEST	O
)	O
found	O
a	O
correlation	O
between	O
nimodipine	O
-	O
induced	O
reduction	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
(	O
BP	O
)	O
and	O
an	O
unfavorable	T-1
outcome	T-1
in	T-1
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
sought	O
to	O
confirm	O
this	O
correlation	O
with	O
and	O
without	O
adjustment	O
for	O
prognostic	O
variables	O
and	O
to	O
investigate	O
outcome	O
in	O
subgroups	O
with	O
increasing	T-1
levels	T-0
of	T-0
BP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
a	O
clinical	T-0
diagnosis	T-1
of	T-1
ischemic	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
(	O
within	O
24	O
hours	O
)	O
were	O
consecutively	O
allocated	O
to	O
receive	O
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
100	O
)	O
,	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
101	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
94	O
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
a	O
clinical	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
ischemic	O
stroke	O
(	O
within	O
24	O
hours	O
)	O
were	O
consecutively	O
allocated	T-1
to	T-1
receive	O
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
100	O
)	O
,	O
1	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
h	T-0
(	T-0
low	T-0
-	T-0
dose	T-0
)	T-0
nimodipine	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
101	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
94	O
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Patients	O
with	O
a	O
clinical	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
ischemic	O
stroke	O
(	O
within	O
24	O
hours	O
)	O
were	O
consecutively	O
allocated	T-1
to	T-1
receive	T-0
placebo	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
100	O
)	O
,	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
101	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
h	O
(	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
)	O
nimodipine	B-Chemical
(	O
n	O
=	O
94	O
)	O
.	O

Nimodipine	B-Chemical
treatment	T-3
resulted	T-3
in	T-3
a	O
statistically	O
significant	O
reduction	T-2
in	T-2
systolic	O
BP	O
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
and	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
(	O
DBP	O
)	O
from	O
baseline	O
compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
few	O
days	O
.	O

Nimodipine	O
treatment	O
resulted	T-1
in	T-1
a	O
statistically	T-0
significant	T-0
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
systolic	I-Disease
BP	I-Disease
(	O
SBP	O
)	O
and	O
diastolic	O
BP	O
(	O
DBP	O
)	O
from	O
baseline	O
compared	O
with	O
placebo	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
few	O
days	O
.	O

In	O
multivariate	O
analysis	O
,	O
a	O
significant	O
correlation	O
between	T-0
DBP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
and	O
worsening	T-1
of	O
the	O
neurological	O
score	O
was	O
found	O
for	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
(	O
beta	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
49	O
,	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
048	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
a	O
DBP	B-Disease
reduction	I-Disease
of	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
20	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
significantly	O
increased	T-0
adjusted	T-0
OR	O
for	O
the	O
compound	O
outcome	O
variable	O
death	O
or	O
dependency	O
(	O
Barthel	O
Index	O
<	O
60	O
)	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
25	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
10	O
.	O
16	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
02	O
to	O
101	O
.	O
74	O
)	O
and	O
death	O
alone	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
9	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
4	O
.	O
336	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
131	O
16	O
.	O
619	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
all	O
placebo	O
patients	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
62	O
/	O
92	O
and	O
14	O
/	O
92	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
a	O
DBP	O
reduction	O
of	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
20	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
significantly	O
increased	O
adjusted	O
OR	O
for	O
the	O
compound	O
outcome	O
variable	O
death	B-Disease
or	T-0
dependency	O
(	O
Barthel	O
Index	O
<	O
60	O
)	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
25	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
10	O
.	O
16	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
02	O
to	O
101	O
.	O
74	O
)	O
and	O
death	O
alone	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
9	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
4	O
.	O
336	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
131	O
16	O
.	O
619	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
all	O
placebo	O
patients	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
62	O
/	O
92	O
and	O
14	O
/	O
92	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

Patients	O
with	O
a	O
DBP	O
reduction	T-2
of	T-2
>	O
or	O
=	O
20	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
group	O
had	O
a	O
significantly	O
increased	O
adjusted	O
OR	O
for	O
the	O
compound	O
outcome	O
variable	O
death	T-0
or	O
dependency	T-1
(	O
Barthel	O
Index	O
<	O
60	O
)	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
25	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
10	O
.	O
16	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
02	O
to	O
101	O
.	O
74	O
)	O
and	O
death	B-Disease
alone	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
9	O
/	O
26	O
,	O
OR	O
4	O
.	O
336	O
,	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
131	O
16	O
.	O
619	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
all	O
placebo	O
patients	O
(	O
n	O
/	O
N	O
=	O
62	O
/	O
92	O
and	O
14	O
/	O
92	O
,	O
respectively	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
DBP	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
SBP	O
,	O
reduction	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
neurological	O
worsening	O
after	O
the	O
intravenous	O
administration	T-1
of	T-1
high	O
-	O
dose	T-0
nimodipine	B-Chemical
after	O
acute	O
stroke	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
DBP	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
SBP	O
,	O
reduction	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
neurological	O
worsening	O
after	O
the	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
nimodipine	O
after	T-0
acute	B-Disease
stroke	I-Disease
.	O

For	O
low	T-2
-	T-2
dose	T-2
nimodipine	B-Chemical
,	O
the	T-0
results	T-0
were	T-1
not	O
conclusive	O
.	O

These	O
results	O
do	O
not	O
confirm	O
or	O
exclude	O
a	O
neuroprotective	O
property	T-0
of	T-0
nimodipine	B-Chemical
.	O

Neonatal	T-0
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
responsive	T-1
convulsions	O
due	T-2
to	T-2
isoniazid	O
therapy	O
.	O

Neonatal	O
pyridoxine	O
responsive	T-0
convulsions	B-Disease
due	O
to	O
isoniazid	O
therapy	O
.	O

Neonatal	O
pyridoxine	O
responsive	O
convulsions	T-0
due	T-1
to	T-1
isoniazid	B-Chemical
therapy	T-2
.	O

A	O
17	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
infant	O
on	T-0
isoniazid	B-Chemical
therapy	T-1
13	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
daily	O
from	O
birth	O
because	O
of	O
maternal	O
tuberculosis	O
was	O
admitted	O
after	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
clonic	O
fits	O
.	O

A	O
17	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
infant	O
on	O
isoniazid	O
therapy	O
13	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
daily	O
from	O
birth	O
because	O
of	O
maternal	O
tuberculosis	B-Disease
was	O
admitted	O
after	O
4	O
days	O
of	O
clonic	T-0
fits	T-0
.	O

A	O
17	O
-	O
day	O
-	O
old	O
infant	O
on	O
isoniazid	O
therapy	O
13	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
daily	O
from	O
birth	O
because	O
of	O
maternal	O
tuberculosis	O
was	O
admitted	O
after	O
4	T-0
days	T-0
of	T-0
clonic	B-Disease
fits	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
fits	B-Disease
ceased	T-0
within	T-0
4	O
hours	O
of	O
administering	O
intramuscular	O
pyridoxine	O
,	O
suggesting	T-1
an	O
aetiology	O
of	O
pyridoxine	O
deficiency	O
secondary	O
to	O
isoniazid	O
medication	O
.	O

The	O
fits	O
ceased	O
within	O
4	O
hours	O
of	O
administering	T-1
intramuscular	T-1
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	O
an	O
aetiology	O
of	O
pyridoxine	O
deficiency	O
secondary	O
to	O
isoniazid	O
medication	O
.	O

The	O
fits	O
ceased	O
within	O
4	O
hours	O
of	O
administering	T-1
intramuscular	O
pyridoxine	O
,	O
suggesting	O
an	O
aetiology	O
of	O
pyridoxine	B-Chemical
deficiency	O
secondary	O
to	O
isoniazid	O
medication	O
.	O

The	O
fits	O
ceased	O
within	O
4	O
hours	O
of	O
administering	O
intramuscular	O
pyridoxine	O
,	O
suggesting	O
an	O
aetiology	O
of	O
pyridoxine	O
deficiency	O
secondary	T-0
to	T-0
isoniazid	B-Chemical
medication	T-1
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
sedation	T-0
for	O
the	O
reduction	T-1
of	O
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	O
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

Ketamine	O
sedation	O
for	O
the	O
reduction	T-0
of	T-0
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
There	O
recently	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
resurgence	O
in	O
the	O
utilization	T-0
of	T-0
ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
unique	O
anesthetic	O
,	O
for	O
emergency	O
-	O
department	O
procedures	O
requiring	O
sedation	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	T-0
to	T-0
examine	T-0
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	T-2
of	T-2
ketamine	B-Chemical
for	T-3
sedation	T-3
in	T-1
the	T-1
treatment	T-1
of	O
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	O
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
safety	O
and	O
efficacy	O
of	O
ketamine	O
for	O
sedation	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	T-0
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
.	T-0

METHODS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
and	O
fourteen	O
children	O
(	O
average	O
age	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
twelve	O
months	O
to	O
ten	O
years	O
and	O
ten	O
months	O
)	O
who	O
underwent	O
closed	T-2
reduction	T-2
of	O
an	O
isolated	T-3
fracture	B-Disease
or	O
dislocation	T-1
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
at	O
a	O
level	O
-	O
I	O
trauma	O
center	O
were	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
and	O
fourteen	O
children	O
(	O
average	O
age	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
twelve	O
months	O
to	O
ten	O
years	O
and	O
ten	O
months	O
)	O
who	O
underwent	T-1
closed	O
reduction	O
of	O
an	O
isolated	O
fracture	T-0
or	T-0
dislocation	B-Disease
in	T-2
the	T-2
emergency	T-2
department	T-2
at	O
a	O
level	O
-	O
I	O
trauma	O
center	O
were	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
One	O
hundred	O
and	O
fourteen	O
children	O
(	O
average	O
age	O
,	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
years	O
;	O
range	O
,	O
twelve	O
months	O
to	O
ten	O
years	O
and	O
ten	O
months	O
)	O
who	O
underwent	O
closed	O
reduction	O
of	O
an	O
isolated	O
fracture	O
or	O
dislocation	O
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
at	O
a	O
level	T-0
-	T-0
I	T-0
trauma	B-Disease
center	O
were	O
prospectively	O
evaluated	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
was	T-0
administered	T-0
intravenously	O
(	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
two	O
milligrams	O
per	O
kilogram	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
in	O
ninety	O
-	O
nine	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
and	O
intramuscularly	O
(	O
at	O
a	O
dose	O
of	O
four	O
milligrams	O
per	O
kilogram	O
of	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
other	O
fifteen	O
.	O

Any	T-0
pain	B-Disease
during	T-1
the	O
reduction	O
was	O
rated	O
by	O
the	O
orthopaedic	O
surgeon	O
treating	O
the	O
patient	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	O
Scale	O
(	O
CHEOPS	O
)	O
.	O

Any	O
pain	O
during	O
the	O
reduction	T-0
was	O
rated	O
by	O
the	O
orthopaedic	O
surgeon	O
treating	O
the	O
patient	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	B-Disease
Scale	O
(	O
CHEOPS	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intravenous	O
administration	T-0
of	T-0
ketamine	B-Chemical
to	O
manipulation	O
of	O
the	O
fracture	O
or	O
dislocation	O
was	O
one	O
minute	O
and	O
thirty	O
-	O
six	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
twenty	O
seconds	O
to	O
five	O
minutes	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intramuscular	O
administration	O
to	O
manipulation	T-1
was	O
four	O
minutes	O
and	O
forty	O
-	O
two	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
sixty	O
seconds	O
to	O
fifteen	O
minutes	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	O
to	O
manipulation	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-0
fracture	B-Disease
or	O
dislocation	O
was	O
one	O
minute	O
and	O
thirty	O
-	O
six	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
twenty	O
seconds	O
to	O
five	O
minutes	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intramuscular	O
administration	O
to	O
manipulation	O
was	O
four	O
minutes	O
and	O
forty	O
-	O
two	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
sixty	O
seconds	O
to	O
fifteen	O
minutes	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
ketamine	O
to	O
manipulation	T-1
of	T-1
the	O
fracture	O
or	T-0
dislocation	B-Disease
was	O
one	O
minute	O
and	O
thirty	O
-	O
six	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
twenty	O
seconds	O
to	O
five	O
minutes	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
average	O
time	O
from	O
intramuscular	O
administration	O
to	O
manipulation	O
was	O
four	O
minutes	O
and	O
forty	O
-	O
two	O
seconds	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
sixty	O
seconds	O
to	O
fifteen	O
minutes	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
score	O
according	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	B-Disease
Scale	T-2
was	O
6	O
.	O
4	O
points	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
5	O
to	O
10	O
points	O
)	O
,	O
reflecting	T-1
minimal	O
or	O
no	O
pain	O
during	O
fracture	O
reduction	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
score	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	O
Scale	O
was	O
6	O
.	O
4	O
points	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
5	O
to	O
10	O
points	O
)	O
,	O
reflecting	T-0
minimal	O
or	O
no	O
pain	B-Disease
during	O
fracture	O
reduction	O
.	O

The	O
average	O
score	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
Children	O
'	O
s	O
Hospital	O
of	O
Eastern	O
Ontario	O
Pain	O
Scale	O
was	O
6	O
.	O
4	O
points	O
(	O
range	O
,	O
5	O
to	O
10	O
points	O
)	O
,	O
reflecting	O
minimal	T-2
or	T-2
no	T-2
pain	T-2
during	T-0
fracture	B-Disease
reduction	T-1
.	O

Adequate	O
fracture	B-Disease
reduction	T-0
was	O
obtained	O
in	O
111	O
of	O
the	O
children	O
.	O

Minor	O
side	O
effects	O
included	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
emesis	O
(	O
eight	O
of	O
the	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
nausea	O
)	O
,	O
clumsiness	O
(	O
evident	O
as	O
ataxic	O
movements	O
in	O
ten	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
dysphoric	O
reaction	T-0
(	O
one	O
patient	O
)	O
.	O

Minor	O
side	O
effects	O
included	O
nausea	O
(	T-0
thirteen	T-0
patients	T-0
)	T-0
,	T-0
emesis	B-Disease
(	T-1
eight	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
thirteen	T-1
patients	T-1
with	T-1
nausea	T-1
)	T-1
,	O
clumsiness	O
(	O
evident	O
as	O
ataxic	O
movements	O
in	O
ten	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
dysphoric	O
reaction	T-2
(	O
one	O
patient	O
)	O
.	O

Minor	O
side	O
effects	O
included	T-1
nausea	O
(	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
emesis	O
(	O
eight	O
of	O
the	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
nausea	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
clumsiness	O
(	O
evident	O
as	O
ataxic	O
movements	O
in	O
ten	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
dysphoric	O
reaction	T-0
(	O
one	O
patient	O
)	O
.	O

Minor	O
side	O
effects	O
included	T-1
nausea	O
(	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
emesis	O
(	T-2
eight	T-2
of	T-2
the	T-2
thirteen	T-2
patients	T-2
with	T-2
nausea	T-2
)	T-2
,	T-2
clumsiness	B-Disease
(	T-3
evident	T-3
as	T-3
ataxic	T-3
movements	T-3
in	T-3
ten	T-3
patients	T-3
)	T-3
,	O
and	O
dysphoric	O
reaction	T-0
(	O
one	O
patient	O
)	O
.	O

Minor	O
side	O
effects	O
included	O
nausea	O
(	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
emesis	O
(	O
eight	O
of	O
the	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
nausea	O
)	O
,	O
clumsiness	O
(	O
evident	T-0
as	T-0
ataxic	B-Disease
movements	I-Disease
in	O
ten	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
dysphoric	O
reaction	T-1
(	O
one	O
patient	O
)	O
.	O

Minor	O
side	O
effects	O
included	O
nausea	O
(	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
emesis	O
(	O
eight	O
of	O
the	O
thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
nausea	O
)	O
,	O
clumsiness	O
(	O
evident	O
as	O
ataxic	O
movements	O
in	O
ten	O
patients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
dysphoric	B-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
(	T-0
one	T-0
patient	T-0
)	T-0
.	O

No	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
sequelae	O
were	O
noted	O
,	O
and	O
no	T-0
patients	T-0
had	T-0
hallucinations	B-Disease
or	O
nightmares	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Ketamine	B-Chemical
reliably	O
,	O
safely	O
,	O
and	O
quickly	O
provided	T-0
adequate	O
sedation	T-1
to	T-1
effectively	O
facilitate	T-2
the	T-2
reduction	T-2
of	T-2
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	O
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
at	O
our	O
institution	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Ketamine	O
reliably	O
,	O
safely	O
,	O
and	O
quickly	O
provided	O
adequate	O
sedation	O
to	O
effectively	O
facilitate	O
the	O
reduction	T-0
of	T-0
children	O
'	O
s	O
fractures	B-Disease
in	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
at	O
our	O
institution	O
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
should	T-0
only	T-0
be	T-1
used	T-1
in	T-1
an	O
environment	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
emergency	O
department	O
,	O
where	O
proper	O
one	O
-	O
on	O
-	O
one	O
monitoring	O
is	O
used	O
and	O
board	O
-	O
certified	O
physicians	O
skilled	O
in	O
airway	O
management	O
are	O
directly	O
involved	T-2
in	O
the	O
care	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	O
-	O
associated	T-0
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
.	O

Cyclosporine	O
and	T-1
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	T-0
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
.	O

Cyclosporine	O
and	O
tacrolimus	O
-	T-1
associated	T-1
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
development	T-2
of	T-2
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
(	O
TMA	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	T-1
of	T-1
cyclosporine	O
has	O
been	O
well	O
documented	T-0
.	O

The	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
(	O
TMA	B-Disease
)	O
associated	T-1
with	T-1
the	O
use	O
of	O
cyclosporine	O
has	O
been	O
well	O
documented	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
(	O
TMA	O
)	O
associated	T-1
with	T-1
the	T-1
use	T-1
of	T-1
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
well	O
documented	O
.	O

Treatments	O
have	O
included	O
discontinuation	O
or	O
reduction	T-1
of	T-1
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
dose	T-2
with	O
or	O
without	O
concurrent	O
plasma	O
exchange	T-0
,	O
plasma	O
infusion	O
,	O
anticoagulation	O
,	O
and	O
intravenous	O
immunoglobulin	O
G	O
infusion	O
.	O

The	O
last	O
decade	O
has	O
seen	O
the	O
emergence	T-0
of	T-0
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
as	T-1
a	T-1
potent	T-1
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
with	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
action	O
virtually	O
identical	O
to	O
those	O
of	O
cyclosporine	O
.	O

The	O
last	O
decade	O
has	O
seen	O
the	O
emergence	O
of	O
tacrolimus	O
as	O
a	O
potent	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
with	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
action	O
virtually	T-0
identical	T-0
to	T-0
those	O
of	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
switching	T-0
to	T-0
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
viable	O
therapeutic	O
option	O
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
cyclosporine	O
-	O
induced	O
TMA	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
switching	O
to	O
tacrolimus	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
viable	O
therapeutic	O
option	O
in	O
the	T-2
setting	T-2
of	T-2
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
TMA	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
switching	O
to	O
tacrolimus	O
has	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
viable	O
therapeutic	T-0
option	T-0
in	O
the	O
setting	O
of	O
cyclosporine	T-2
-	T-2
induced	T-2
TMA	B-Disease
.	O

With	O
the	O
more	O
widespread	O
application	T-1
of	T-1
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
,	O
tacrolimus	O
-	O
associated	T-0
TMA	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
recognized	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
more	O
widespread	O
application	T-0
of	T-0
tacrolimus	O
in	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
associated	T-1
TMA	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
recognized	T-2
.	T-2

With	O
the	O
more	O
widespread	O
application	T-0
of	T-0
tacrolimus	O
in	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
,	O
tacrolimus	O
-	O
associated	T-1
TMA	B-Disease
has	T-2
also	T-2
been	O
recognized	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
literature	O
regarding	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
the	O
recurrence	T-0
of	T-0
TMA	B-Disease
in	T-1
patients	T-1
exposed	O
sequentially	O
to	O
cyclosporine	O
and	O
tacrolimus	O
is	O
limited	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
literature	O
regarding	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
the	O
recurrence	T-0
of	T-0
TMA	T-0
in	O
patients	O
exposed	T-1
sequentially	T-1
to	T-1
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	O
is	O
limited	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
literature	O
regarding	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
TMA	O
in	O
patients	O
exposed	O
sequentially	O
to	O
cyclosporine	O
and	T-0
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
is	T-1
limited	T-1
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
living	O
donor	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
who	T-2
developed	T-2
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
TMA	O
that	O
responded	O
to	O
the	O
withdrawal	T-1
of	O
cyclosporine	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
plasmapheresis	O
and	O
fresh	O
frozen	O
plasma	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
living	O
donor	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
who	O
developed	O
cyclosporine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
TMA	B-Disease
that	O
responded	T-1
to	O
the	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
cyclosporine	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
plasmapheresis	O
and	O
fresh	O
frozen	O
plasma	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
living	O
donor	O
renal	O
transplant	O
recipient	O
who	O
developed	O
cyclosporine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
TMA	O
that	O
responded	T-1
to	O
the	O
withdrawal	T-3
of	T-3
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
plasmapheresis	O
and	O
fresh	O
frozen	O
plasma	O
replacement	O
therapy	O
.	O

Introduction	T-0
of	T-0
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
as	T-1
an	T-1
alternative	T-1
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
recurrence	O
of	O
TMA	O
and	O
the	O
subsequent	O
loss	O
of	O
the	O
renal	O
allograft	O
.	O

Introduction	O
of	O
tacrolimus	O
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
immunosuppressive	O
agent	O
resulted	O
in	O
the	O
recurrence	T-1
of	O
TMA	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
subsequent	O
loss	O
of	O
the	O
renal	O
allograft	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
switched	O
from	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
to	O
tacrolimus	O
or	O
vice	O
versa	O
should	O
be	O
closely	O
monitored	O
for	O
the	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
recurrent	T-0
TMA	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
switched	T-0
from	O
cyclosporine	O
to	T-1
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
or	O
vice	O
versa	O
should	O
be	O
closely	O
monitored	T-2
for	O
the	O
signs	O
and	O
symptoms	O
of	O
recurrent	O
TMA	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
switched	O
from	O
cyclosporine	O
to	O
tacrolimus	O
or	O
vice	O
versa	O
should	O
be	O
closely	O
monitored	O
for	O
the	O
signs	T-0
and	T-0
symptoms	T-0
of	O
recurrent	T-1
TMA	B-Disease
.	O

Analgesic	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
intravenous	T-0
ketamine	B-Chemical
in	T-1
cancer	T-1
patients	O
on	O
morphine	O
therapy	O
:	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

Analgesic	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
intravenous	O
ketamine	O
in	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	T-1
on	O
morphine	O
therapy	O
:	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

Analgesic	O
effect	O
of	O
intravenous	O
ketamine	O
in	O
cancer	O
patients	T-0
on	T-0
morphine	B-Chemical
therapy	T-1
:	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
not	T-1
responsive	T-1
to	T-1
morphine	O
is	O
often	O
problematic	O
.	O

Pain	O
not	T-1
responsive	T-1
to	T-1
morphine	B-Chemical
is	O
often	O
problematic	O
.	O

Animal	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	T-1
have	O
suggested	T-2
that	T-2
N	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
D	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aspartate	I-Chemical
(	O
NMDA	O
)	O
antagonists	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
ketamine	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
improving	O
opioid	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	O
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	O
pain	O
.	O

Animal	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
N	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
aspartate	O
(	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
)	O
antagonists	T-0
,	O
such	O
as	O
ketamine	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
effective	O
in	O
improving	T-1
opioid	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	O
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	O
pain	O
.	O

Animal	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
N	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
aspartate	O
(	O
NMDA	O
)	O
antagonists	O
,	O
such	T-1
as	T-1
ketamine	B-Chemical
,	T-0
may	T-0
be	T-0
effective	T-0
in	O
improving	O
opioid	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	O
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	O
pain	O
.	O

Animal	T-2
and	T-2
clinical	T-2
studies	T-2
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
N	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
aspartate	O
(	O
NMDA	O
)	O
antagonists	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
ketamine	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
effective	T-3
in	T-3
improving	T-3
opioid	O
analgesia	O
in	T-1
difficult	O
pain	B-Disease
syndromes	T-0
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	O
pain	O
.	O

Animal	O
and	O
clinical	O
studies	O
have	O
suggested	O
that	O
N	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
D	O
-	O
aspartate	O
(	O
NMDA	O
)	O
antagonists	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
ketamine	O
,	O
may	T-0
be	T-0
effective	T-0
in	T-0
improving	O
opioid	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	O
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
slow	O
bolus	O
of	O
subhypnotic	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
given	T-0
to	T-0
10	O
cancer	O
patients	O
whose	O
pain	O
was	O
unrelieved	O
by	O
morphine	O
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
slow	O
bolus	O
of	O
subhypnotic	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
10	O
cancer	B-Disease
patients	T-0
whose	O
pain	O
was	O
unrelieved	O
by	O
morphine	O
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
slow	O
bolus	O
of	O
subhypnotic	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
given	O
to	O
10	O
cancer	O
patients	T-2
whose	T-2
pain	B-Disease
was	T-1
unrelieved	T-1
by	O
morphine	O
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

A	O
slow	O
bolus	O
of	O
subhypnotic	O
doses	O
of	O
ketamine	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
25	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
or	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
was	O
given	T-1
to	T-1
10	O
cancer	O
patients	O
whose	O
pain	O
was	O
unrelieved	T-0
by	T-0
morphine	B-Chemical
in	O
a	O
randomized	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
,	O
crossover	O
,	O
double	O
-	O
dose	O
study	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
intensity	O
on	O
a	O
0	O
to	O
10	O
numerical	T-1
scale	T-1
;	O
nausea	O
and	O
vomiting	O
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
confusion	O
,	O
and	O
dry	O
mouth	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
scale	O
from	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
(	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
slight	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
,	O
awful	O
)	O
;	O
Mini	O
-	O
Mental	O
State	O
Examination	O
(	O
MMSE	O
)	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
recorded	O
before	O
administration	T-2
of	T-2
drugs	T-2
(	O
T0	O
)	O
and	O
after	O
30	O
minutes	O
(	O
T30	O
)	O
,	O
60	O
minutes	O
(	O
T60	O
)	O
,	O
120	O
minutes	O
(	O
T120	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
180	O
minutes	O
(	O
T180	O
)	O
.	O

Pain	O
intensity	O
on	O
a	O
0	O
to	O
10	O
numerical	O
scale	O
;	O
nausea	B-Disease
and	O
vomiting	O
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
confusion	O
,	O
and	O
dry	O
mouth	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
scale	O
from	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
(	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
slight	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
,	O
awful	O
)	O
;	O
Mini	O
-	O
Mental	O
State	O
Examination	O
(	O
MMSE	O
)	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
recorded	O
before	O
administration	T-0
of	O
drugs	O
(	O
T0	O
)	O
and	O
after	O
30	O
minutes	O
(	O
T30	O
)	O
,	O
60	O
minutes	O
(	O
T60	O
)	O
,	O
120	O
minutes	O
(	O
T120	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
180	O
minutes	O
(	O
T180	O
)	O
.	O

Pain	O
intensity	O
on	O
a	O
0	O
to	O
10	O
numerical	O
scale	O
;	O
nausea	O
and	O
vomiting	B-Disease
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
confusion	O
,	O
and	O
dry	O
mouth	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
scale	O
from	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
(	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
slight	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
,	O
awful	O
)	O
;	O
Mini	O
-	O
Mental	O
State	O
Examination	O
(	O
MMSE	O
)	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
recorded	O
before	O
administration	T-0
of	T-0
drugs	O
(	O
T0	O
)	O
and	O
after	O
30	O
minutes	O
(	O
T30	O
)	O
,	O
60	O
minutes	O
(	O
T60	O
)	O
,	O
120	O
minutes	O
(	O
T120	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
180	O
minutes	O
(	O
T180	O
)	O
.	O

Pain	T-2
intensity	T-2
on	O
a	O
0	O
to	O
10	O
numerical	O
scale	O
;	O
nausea	O
and	O
vomiting	O
,	O
drowsiness	T-0
,	T-0
confusion	B-Disease
,	T-1
and	T-1
dry	T-1
mouth	T-1
,	O
using	O
a	O
scale	O
from	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
(	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
slight	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
,	O
awful	O
)	O
;	O
Mini	O
-	O
Mental	O
State	O
Examination	O
(	O
MMSE	O
)	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
recorded	O
before	O
administration	O
of	O
drugs	O
(	O
T0	O
)	O
and	O
after	O
30	O
minutes	O
(	O
T30	O
)	O
,	O
60	O
minutes	O
(	O
T60	O
)	O
,	O
120	O
minutes	O
(	O
T120	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
180	O
minutes	O
(	O
T180	O
)	O
.	O

Pain	O
intensity	O
on	O
a	O
0	O
to	O
10	O
numerical	O
scale	O
;	O
nausea	O
and	O
vomiting	O
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
confusion	O
,	O
and	T-1
dry	B-Disease
mouth	I-Disease
,	O
using	O
a	O
scale	O
from	O
0	O
to	O
3	O
(	O
not	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
slight	O
,	O
a	O
lot	O
,	O
awful	O
)	O
;	O
Mini	O
-	O
Mental	O
State	O
Examination	O
(	O
MMSE	O
)	O
(	O
0	O
-	O
30	O
)	O
;	O
and	O
arterial	O
pressure	O
were	O
recorded	O
before	O
administration	O
of	O
drugs	O
(	O
T0	O
)	O
and	O
after	O
30	O
minutes	O
(	O
T30	O
)	O
,	O
60	O
minutes	O
(	O
T60	O
)	O
,	O
120	O
minutes	O
(	O
T120	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
180	O
minutes	O
(	O
T180	O
)	O
.	T-0

Ketamine	B-Chemical
,	O
but	T-0
not	T-0
saline	O
solution	O
,	O
significantly	T-1
reduced	T-1
the	O
pain	O
intensity	O
in	O
almost	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
at	O
both	O
doses	O
.	O

Ketamine	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
saline	O
solution	O
,	O
significantly	O
reduced	T-1
the	T-1
pain	B-Disease
intensity	T-2
in	T-2
almost	T-2
all	T-2
the	T-2
patients	T-2
at	O
both	O
doses	O
.	O

Hallucinations	B-Disease
occurred	T-1
in	T-1
4	O
patients	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
unpleasant	O
sensation	O
(	O
"	O
empty	O
head	O
"	O
)	O
was	O
also	O
reported	O
by	O
2	O
patients	O
.	O

These	O
episodes	O
reversed	T-0
after	O
the	O
administration	T-2
of	T-2
diazepam	B-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
intravenously	T-1
.	O

Significant	O
increases	O
in	O
drowsiness	O
were	O
reported	O
in	O
patients	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
ketamine	B-Chemical
in	O
both	O
groups	O
and	O
were	O
more	O
marked	O
with	O
ketamine	O
0	O
.	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
.	O

Significant	O
increases	O
in	O
drowsiness	O
were	O
reported	O
in	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
ketamine	O
in	O
both	O
groups	O
and	O
were	O
more	O
marked	T-1
with	T-1
ketamine	B-Chemical
0	T-0
.	T-0
50	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
kg	T-0
.	O

A	O
significant	O
difference	O
in	O
MMSE	O
was	O
observed	T-2
at	O
T30	O
in	O
patients	T-0
who	T-0
received	T-0
0	O
.	O
50	T-1
mg	T-1
/	T-1
kg	T-1
of	T-1
ketamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Ketamine	B-Chemical
can	T-0
improve	T-0
morphine	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	O
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	O
pain	O
.	O

Ketamine	O
can	O
improve	T-1
morphine	B-Chemical
analgesia	T-0
in	O
difficult	O
pain	O
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	O
pain	O
.	O

Ketamine	O
can	O
improve	T-1
morphine	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	B-Disease
syndromes	T-0
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	O
pain	O
.	O

Ketamine	O
can	T-0
improve	T-0
morphine	O
analgesia	O
in	O
difficult	O
pain	O
syndromes	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
neuropathic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

This	O
observation	T-0
should	O
be	O
tested	O
in	O
studies	T-1
of	O
prolonged	T-2
ketamine	B-Chemical
administration	T-3
.	O

Paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	T-1
cisplatin	T-1
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
within	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
therapeutic	O
approach	T-0
in	O
metastatic	O
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
within	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
therapeutic	O
approach	T-0
in	O
metastatic	O
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	T-0
,	O
cisplatin	T-1
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
combination	O
chemotherapy	T-2
within	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
therapeutic	O
approach	O
in	O
metastatic	O
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
combination	O
chemotherapy	O
within	O
a	O
multidisciplinary	O
therapeutic	O
approach	T-0
in	O
metastatic	T-1
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
based	T-1
chemotherapy	T-1
combinations	O
improve	T-0
quality	O
of	O
life	O
and	O
survival	O
in	O
advanced	O
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	O
carcinoma	O
(	O
NSCLC	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	O
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	T-2
combinations	O
improve	T-1
quality	O
of	O
life	O
and	O
survival	O
in	T-0
advanced	O
nonsmall	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
lung	I-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
(	O
NSCLC	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	O
-	O
based	O
chemotherapy	O
combinations	O
improve	T-1
quality	O
of	O
life	O
and	O
survival	O
in	O
advanced	O
nonsmall	O
cell	O
lung	T-0
carcinoma	T-0
(	O
NSCLC	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
feasibility	O
,	O
response	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	O
a	O
paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
combination	T-1
to	O
treat	T-0
metastatic	O
NSCLC	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	T-1
the	O
feasibility	O
,	O
response	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
toxicity	T-2
of	T-2
a	T-2
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
combination	T-3
to	O
treat	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	T-2
determine	T-2
the	O
feasibility	O
,	O
response	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
toxicity	O
of	O
a	O
paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
combination	O
to	T-1
treat	T-1
metastatic	O
NSCLC	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	T-0
the	O
feasibility	O
,	O
response	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
toxicity	O
of	O
a	O
paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	T-1
,	T-1
and	T-1
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
combination	T-2
to	O
treat	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
The	O
objective	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
the	O
feasibility	O
,	O
response	O
rate	O
,	O
and	O
toxicity	O
of	O
a	O
paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
combination	O
to	T-1
treat	T-1
metastatic	T-1
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
consecutive	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
naive	O
patients	O
with	O
Stage	T-1
IV	T-1
NSCLC	B-Disease
and	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
performance	O
status	O
of	O
0	O
-	O
2	O
were	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
a	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	O
(	O
135	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
3	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
6	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
(	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
30	O
minutes	O
)	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
and	O
8	O
,	O
every	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
consecutive	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
naive	O
patients	O
with	O
Stage	O
IV	O
NSCLC	O
and	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
performance	O
status	O
of	O
0	O
-	O
2	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
combination	T-1
of	T-1
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
135	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	T-0
intravenously	T-0
in	O
3	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
6	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
(	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
30	O
minutes	O
)	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
and	O
8	O
,	O
every	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
consecutive	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
naive	O
patients	O
with	O
Stage	O
IV	O
NSCLC	O
and	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
performance	O
status	O
of	O
0	O
-	O
2	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	O
(	O
135	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
3	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	T-1
120	T-1
mg	T-1
/	T-1
m	T-1
(	T-1
2	T-1
)	T-1
given	T-0
intravenously	T-0
in	O
6	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
(	O
800	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
30	O
minutes	O
)	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
and	O
8	O
,	O
every	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
consecutive	O
chemotherapy	O
-	O
naive	O
patients	O
with	O
Stage	O
IV	O
NSCLC	O
and	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
performance	O
status	O
of	O
0	O
-	O
2	O
were	O
treated	T-2
with	T-2
a	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	O
(	O
135	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
3	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
given	O
intravenously	O
in	O
6	O
hours	O
)	O
on	O
Day	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	T-1
800	T-1
mg	T-1
/	T-1
m	T-1
(	T-1
2	T-1
)	T-1
given	T-0
intravenously	T-0
in	O
30	O
minutes	O
)	O
on	O
Days	O
1	O
and	O
8	O
,	O
every	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
responding	O
patients	O
were	O
scheduled	O
to	T-0
receive	T-0
consolidation	O
radiotherapy	O
and	O
24	O
patients	O
received	O
preplanned	O
second	O
-	O
line	O
chemotherapy	O
after	T-2
disease	T-2
progression	T-2
,	O
the	T-3
response	T-3
and	O
toxicity	B-Disease
rates	O
reported	O
refer	O
only	O
to	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
regimen	O
given	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
All	O
the	O
patients	T-0
were	O
examined	T-1
for	T-1
toxicity	B-Disease
;	O
34	O
were	O
examinable	O
for	O
response	O
.	O

After	O
154	O
courses	T-1
of	T-1
therapy	T-1
,	O
the	O
median	T-2
dose	T-2
intensity	T-2
was	O
131	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	T-0
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
117	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
1378	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
gemcitabine	O
(	O
86	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
154	O
courses	O
of	O
therapy	O
,	O
the	O
median	O
dose	O
intensity	O
was	O
131	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
paclitaxel	O
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
117	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
m	T-0
(	T-0
2	T-0
)	T-0
for	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
1378	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
gemcitabine	O
(	O
86	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

After	O
154	O
courses	T-1
of	T-1
therapy	T-1
,	O
the	O
median	O
dose	T-0
intensity	T-0
was	T-0
131	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
paclitaxel	O
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
117	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
for	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
97	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
1378	T-2
mg	T-2
/	T-2
m	T-2
(	T-2
2	T-2
)	T-2
for	T-2
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
(	O
86	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

World	O
Health	O
Organization	O
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	B-Disease
and	T-0
thrombocytopenia	O
occurred	T-1
in	T-1
39	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
and	O
11	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

World	T-1
Health	T-1
Organization	T-1
Grade	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
neutropenia	T-2
and	O
thrombocytopenia	B-Disease
occurred	T-0
in	O
39	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
and	O
11	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
patients	T-3
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
one	O
treatment	T-0
-	T-0
related	T-1
death	B-Disease
.	O

Nonhematologic	T-1
toxicities	B-Disease
were	T-0
mild	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	T-0
of	T-0
paclitaxel	B-Chemical
,	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
is	O
well	T-1
tolerated	T-1
and	O
shows	O
high	T-2
activity	T-2
in	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	T-1
of	T-1
paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
is	O
well	T-0
tolerated	T-0
and	O
shows	O
high	O
activity	O
in	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	T-2
of	T-2
paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	B-Chemical
is	T-0
well	T-0
tolerated	T-1
and	O
shows	O
high	O
activity	O
in	O
metastatic	O
NSCLC	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	O
of	O
paclitaxel	O
,	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
and	O
gemcitabine	O
is	O
well	O
tolerated	O
and	O
shows	T-2
high	O
activity	O
in	T-0
metastatic	T-1
NSCLC	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
treatment	O
merits	T-0
further	O
comparison	O
with	O
other	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
based	O
regimens	O
.	O

Serotonergic	O
antidepressants	O
and	T-0
urinary	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
.	O

Many	O
new	O
serotonergic	B-Chemical
antidepressants	I-Chemical
have	O
been	O
introduced	T-0
over	O
the	O
past	O
decade	O
.	O

Although	O
urinary	B-Disease
incontinence	I-Disease
is	T-1
listed	T-1
as	T-1
one	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
these	O
drugs	O
in	O
their	O
package	O
inserts	O
there	O
is	O
only	O
one	O
report	O
in	O
the	O
literature	O
.	O

This	O
concerns	O
2	O
male	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	T-0
incontinence	B-Disease
while	O
taking	O
venlafaxine	O
.	O

This	O
concerns	O
2	O
male	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	T-0
incontinence	O
while	T-1
taking	T-1
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
paper	O
the	O
authors	O
describe	O
2	O
female	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	T-0
incontinence	B-Disease
secondary	T-1
to	T-1
the	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
paroxetine	O
and	O
sertraline	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
third	O
who	O
developed	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
on	O
venlafaxine	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
paper	O
the	O
authors	O
describe	O
2	O
female	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	T-0
incontinence	T-0
secondary	O
to	T-1
the	T-1
selective	T-1
serotonin	B-Chemical
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
paroxetine	O
and	O
sertraline	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
third	O
who	O
developed	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
on	O
venlafaxine	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
paper	O
the	O
authors	O
describe	O
2	O
female	O
patients	O
who	T-0
developed	T-0
incontinence	O
secondary	O
to	O
the	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
paroxetine	B-Chemical
and	T-1
sertraline	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
third	O
who	O
developed	O
this	O
side	O
effect	O
on	O
venlafaxine	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
paper	O
the	O
authors	O
describe	O
2	O
female	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	T-1
incontinence	O
secondary	O
to	O
the	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
paroxetine	T-0
and	T-0
sertraline	B-Chemical
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
third	O
who	O
developed	O
this	O
side	T-2
effect	T-2
on	O
venlafaxine	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
paper	O
the	O
authors	O
describe	O
2	O
female	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
incontinence	O
secondary	O
to	O
the	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
paroxetine	O
and	O
sertraline	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
third	O
who	O
developed	O
this	O
side	T-1
effect	T-1
on	T-1
venlafaxine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
3	O
cases	O
the	T-3
patients	T-3
were	O
also	O
taking	T-1
lithium	B-Chemical
carbonate	I-Chemical
and	T-2
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
,	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
could	O
have	O
contributed	T-0
to	O
the	O
incontinence	O
.	O

In	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
3	O
cases	O
the	O
patients	O
were	O
also	O
taking	O
lithium	O
carbonate	O
and	O
beta	O
-	O
blockers	O
,	O
both	O
of	O
which	O
could	O
have	O
contributed	T-1
to	T-1
the	T-1
incontinence	B-Disease
.	O

Animal	O
studies	O
suggest	T-3
that	T-3
incontinence	O
secondary	T-0
to	T-0
serotonergic	B-Chemical
antidepressants	I-Chemical
could	T-2
be	T-2
mediated	T-1
by	T-1
the	O
5HT4	O
receptors	O
found	O
on	O
the	O
bladder	O
.	O

Acute	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
seizures	O
:	O
differential	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
six	O
inbred	O
mouse	O
strains	O
.	O

Acute	T-0
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
seizures	B-Disease
:	O
differential	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
six	O
inbred	O
mouse	O
strains	O
.	O

Mature	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
mice	O
from	O
six	O
inbred	O
stains	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
susceptibility	T-0
to	O
behavioral	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	T-1
by	O
a	O
single	O
injection	O
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

Mature	O
male	O
and	O
female	O
mice	O
from	O
six	O
inbred	O
stains	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
behavioral	O
seizures	O
induced	T-0
by	O
a	O
single	O
injection	T-1
of	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
was	T-0
injected	T-0
ip	O
over	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
doses	O
(	O
50	O
-	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
and	O
behavior	O
was	O
monitored	O
for	O
20	O
minutes	O
.	O

Seizure	O
end	O
points	O
included	O
latency	T-0
to	O
forelimb	O
or	O
hindlimb	O
clonus	O
,	O
latency	T-2
to	O
clonic	O
running	O
seizure	B-Disease
and	O
latency	T-1
to	O
jumping	O
bouncing	O
seizure	O
.	O

Seizure	O
end	O
points	O
included	O
latency	O
to	O
forelimb	O
or	O
hindlimb	O
clonus	O
,	O
latency	O
to	O
clonic	O
running	O
seizure	O
and	O
latency	T-0
to	O
jumping	O
bouncing	O
seizure	B-Disease
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
levels	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
determined	T-0
in	T-0
hippocampus	O
and	O
cortex	O
were	O
not	O
different	O
between	O
sensitive	O
and	O
resistant	O
strains	O
.	O

Additional	O
studies	O
of	O
these	O
murine	O
strains	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
investigating	O
genetic	O
influences	T-1
on	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
seizures	O
.	O

Additional	O
studies	T-0
of	O
these	O
murine	O
strains	T-1
may	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
investigating	O
genetic	T-2
influences	T-2
on	O
cocaine	T-4
-	T-4
induced	T-4
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Hypotension	B-Disease
following	T-1
the	T-1
initiation	T-1
of	T-1
tizanidine	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	O
with	O
an	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
for	O
chronic	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Hypotension	O
following	O
the	O
initiation	T-0
of	T-0
tizanidine	B-Chemical
in	T-1
a	T-1
patient	T-1
treated	O
with	O
an	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
for	O
chronic	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Hypotension	O
following	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	T-0
with	T-1
an	T-1
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
for	O
chronic	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Hypotension	O
following	O
the	O
initiation	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
in	O
a	O
patient	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
an	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
for	O
chronic	T-0
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Centrally	O
acting	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
adrenergic	O
agonists	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
several	O
pharmacologic	O
agents	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	T-2
of	T-2
spasticity	B-Disease
related	T-1
to	T-1
disorders	O
of	O
the	O
central	O
nervous	O
system	O
.	O

Centrally	O
acting	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
adrenergic	O
agonists	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
several	O
pharmacologic	O
agents	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	O
related	T-1
to	T-1
disorders	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
central	I-Disease
nervous	I-Disease
system	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
their	O
effects	T-0
on	T-0
spasticity	B-Disease
,	T-1
certain	T-1
adverse	T-1
cardiorespiratory	O
effects	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
.	O

Adults	O
chronically	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitors	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
limited	O
ability	O
to	O
respond	O
to	O
hypotension	O
when	O
the	O
sympathetic	O
response	O
is	O
simultaneously	O
blocked	O
.	O

Adults	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitors	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
limited	O
ability	O
to	O
respond	T-1
to	T-1
hypotension	B-Disease
when	T-0
the	T-0
sympathetic	T-0
response	T-0
is	O
simultaneously	O
blocked	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
chronically	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
lisinopril	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
to	O
control	O
hypertension	O
who	O
developed	O
hypotension	O
following	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
chronically	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
lisinopril	O
,	O
an	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
converting	T-2
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
to	O
control	O
hypertension	O
who	O
developed	T-3
hypotension	O
following	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
,	O
for	T-0
the	T-0
treatment	T-0
of	T-0
spasticity	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
lisinopril	O
,	O
an	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
to	T-0
control	T-0
hypertension	B-Disease
who	T-1
developed	T-1
hypotension	O
following	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
lisinopril	O
,	O
an	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
to	O
control	O
hypertension	O
who	O
developed	T-0
hypotension	B-Disease
following	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
chronically	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
lisinopril	O
,	O
an	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
to	O
control	O
hypertension	O
who	O
developed	O
hypotension	O
following	T-2
the	T-2
addition	T-2
of	T-2
tizanidine	B-Chemical
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
spasticity	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
a	O
10	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
chronically	O
treated	O
with	O
lisinopril	O
,	O
an	O
angiotensin	O
converting	O
enzyme	O
inhibitor	O
,	O
to	O
control	O
hypertension	O
who	O
developed	O
hypotension	O
following	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
,	O
an	O
alpha	O
-	O
2	O
agonist	O
,	O
for	O
the	T-1
treatment	T-1
of	T-1
spasticity	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
possible	O
interaction	T-1
of	O
tizanidine	B-Chemical
and	T-0
other	T-0
antihypertensive	O
agents	O
should	O
be	O
kept	O
in	O
mind	O
when	O
prescribing	O
therapy	O
to	O
treat	O
either	O
hypertension	O
or	O
spasticity	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
possible	O
interaction	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
and	O
other	O
antihypertensive	O
agents	O
should	O
be	O
kept	O
in	O
mind	O
when	O
prescribing	O
therapy	O
to	T-0
treat	T-1
either	O
hypertension	B-Disease
or	O
spasticity	O
in	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

The	O
possible	O
interaction	O
of	O
tizanidine	O
and	O
other	O
antihypertensive	O
agents	O
should	O
be	O
kept	O
in	O
mind	O
when	O
prescribing	O
therapy	O
to	O
treat	T-0
either	O
hypertension	O
or	O
spasticity	B-Disease
in	O
such	O
patients	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
selected	O
for	O
differential	O
sensitivities	T-1
to	T-1
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
seizures	T-2
are	O
also	O
differentially	O
sensitive	O
to	O
various	O
pharmacological	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
selected	O
for	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
to	O
beta	O
-	O
carboline	O
-	O
induced	T-1
seizures	B-Disease
are	O
also	O
differentially	O
sensitive	O
to	O
various	O
pharmacological	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
selected	O
for	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
to	O
beta	O
-	O
carboline	O
-	O
induced	O
seizures	O
are	O
also	O
differentially	O
sensitive	O
to	O
various	O
pharmacological	O
effects	T-0
of	O
other	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
were	O
selectively	O
bred	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
sensitivity	O
(	O
BS	O
line	O
)	O
or	O
resistance	O
(	O
BR	O
line	O
)	O
to	O
seizures	B-Disease
induced	T-0
by	O
a	O
single	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
methyl	O
beta	O
-	O
carboline	O
-	O
3	O
-	O
carboxylate	O
(	O
beta	O
-	O
CCM	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inverse	O
agonist	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
benzodiazepine	O
site	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
were	O
selectively	O
bred	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
sensitivity	O
(	O
BS	O
line	O
)	O
or	O
resistance	O
(	O
BR	O
line	O
)	O
to	O
seizures	O
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	T-0
of	T-0
methyl	B-Chemical
beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboline	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
carboxylate	I-Chemical
(	T-1
beta	T-1
-	T-1
CCM	T-1
)	T-1
,	O
an	O
inverse	O
agonist	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
benzodiazepine	O
site	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
were	O
selectively	O
bred	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
sensitivity	O
(	O
BS	O
line	O
)	O
or	O
resistance	O
(	O
BR	O
line	O
)	O
to	O
seizures	O
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	T-0
of	T-0
methyl	O
beta	O
-	O
carboline	O
-	O
3	O
-	O
carboxylate	O
(	O
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CCM	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
an	T-1
inverse	T-1
agonist	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
benzodiazepine	O
site	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
were	O
selectively	O
bred	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
sensitivity	O
(	O
BS	O
line	O
)	O
or	O
resistance	O
(	O
BR	O
line	O
)	O
to	O
seizures	O
induced	T-1
by	T-1
a	O
single	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
methyl	O
beta	O
-	O
carboline	O
-	O
3	O
-	O
carboxylate	O
(	O
beta	O
-	O
CCM	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inverse	T-3
agonist	T-3
of	T-3
the	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	T-0
A	T-0
)	T-0
receptor	T-0
benzodiazepine	O
site	O
.	O

Two	O
mouse	O
lines	O
were	O
selectively	O
bred	O
according	O
to	O
their	O
sensitivity	O
(	O
BS	O
line	O
)	O
or	O
resistance	O
(	O
BR	O
line	O
)	O
to	O
seizures	O
induced	O
by	O
a	O
single	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injection	O
of	O
methyl	O
beta	O
-	O
carboline	O
-	O
3	O
-	O
carboxylate	O
(	O
beta	O
-	O
CCM	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inverse	O
agonist	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
benzodiazepine	B-Chemical
site	T-0
.	O

Our	O
aim	O
was	O
to	O
characterize	O
both	O
lines	O
'	O
sensitivities	T-2
to	T-2
various	O
physiological	O
effects	O
of	O
other	O
ligands	O
of	T-0
the	T-0
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	T-1
.	O

We	T-0
measured	T-0
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
anxiolysis	O
with	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
,	O
diazepam	O
-	O
induced	O
sedation	O
by	O
recording	O
the	O
vigilance	O
states	O
,	O
and	O
picrotoxin	O
-	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	O
-	O
induced	O
seizures	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
diazepam	O
-	O
induced	O
anxiolysis	O
with	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
,	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
sedation	O
by	O
recording	O
the	O
vigilance	O
states	O
,	O
and	O
picrotoxin	O
-	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	O
-	O
induced	O
seizures	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
diazepam	O
-	O
induced	O
anxiolysis	O
with	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
,	O
diazepam	O
-	O
induced	O
sedation	O
by	O
recording	O
the	O
vigilance	O
states	O
,	O
and	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
-	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	O
-	O
induced	T-0
seizures	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
diazepam	O
-	O
induced	O
anxiolysis	O
with	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
,	O
diazepam	O
-	O
induced	O
sedation	O
by	O
recording	O
the	O
vigilance	O
states	O
,	O
and	O
picrotoxin	O
-	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	B-Chemical
-	T-1
induced	T-1
seizures	O
after	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
diazepam	O
-	O
induced	T-0
anxiolysis	O
with	O
the	O
elevated	O
plus	O
-	O
maze	O
test	O
,	O
diazepam	O
-	O
induced	O
sedation	O
by	O
recording	O
the	O
vigilance	O
states	O
,	O
and	O
picrotoxin	O
-	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	O
-	O
induced	T-1
seizures	B-Disease
after	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
.	O

Results	O
presented	O
here	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
differential	T-1
sensitivities	T-1
of	O
BS	O
and	O
BR	O
lines	T-0
to	T-0
beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
CCM	I-Chemical
can	O
be	O
extended	O
to	O
diazepam	O
,	O
picrotoxin	O
,	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	O
,	O
suggesting	O
a	O
genetic	O
selection	O
of	O
a	O
general	O
sensitivity	O
and	O
resistance	O
to	O
several	O
ligands	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
.	O

Results	O
presented	O
here	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
differential	T-2
sensitivities	T-2
of	O
BS	O
and	O
BR	O
lines	O
to	O
beta	O
-	O
CCM	O
can	T-0
be	T-0
extended	T-3
to	O
diazepam	B-Chemical
,	O
picrotoxin	O
,	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	O
,	O
suggesting	T-1
a	O
genetic	O
selection	O
of	O
a	O
general	O
sensitivity	O
and	O
resistance	O
to	O
several	O
ligands	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
.	O

Results	O
presented	O
here	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
of	O
BS	O
and	O
BR	O
lines	O
to	O
beta	O
-	O
CCM	O
can	O
be	O
extended	T-0
to	T-0
diazepam	O
,	O
picrotoxin	B-Chemical
,	O
and	T-1
pentylenetetrazol	O
,	O
suggesting	O
a	O
genetic	O
selection	O
of	O
a	O
general	O
sensitivity	O
and	O
resistance	O
to	O
several	O
ligands	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
.	O

Results	O
presented	O
here	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
of	O
BS	O
and	O
BR	O
lines	O
to	O
beta	O
-	O
CCM	O
can	T-0
be	T-0
extended	T-0
to	T-0
diazepam	O
,	O
picrotoxin	O
,	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	B-Chemical
,	O
suggesting	T-1
a	O
genetic	O
selection	O
of	O
a	O
general	O
sensitivity	O
and	O
resistance	O
to	O
several	O
ligands	O
of	O
the	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
receptor	O
.	O

Results	O
presented	O
here	O
show	O
that	O
the	O
differential	O
sensitivities	O
of	O
BS	O
and	O
BR	O
lines	O
to	O
beta	O
-	O
CCM	O
can	O
be	O
extended	O
to	O
diazepam	O
,	O
picrotoxin	O
,	O
and	O
pentylenetetrazol	O
,	O
suggesting	T-1
a	O
genetic	O
selection	O
of	O
a	O
general	O
sensitivity	O
and	O
resistance	O
to	O
several	O
ligands	O
of	T-0
the	T-0
GABA	B-Chemical
(	T-2
A	T-2
)	T-2
receptor	T-2
.	O

Propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	T-0
induced	T-0
perinuclear	O
-	O
staining	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
autoantibody	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
pericarditis	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	O
-	O
induced	T-1
perinuclear	O
-	O
staining	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
autoantibody	T-0
-	T-0
positive	T-0
vasculitis	B-Disease
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
pericarditis	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	O
-	O
induced	T-0
perinuclear	O
-	O
staining	O
antineutrophil	O
cytoplasmic	O
autoantibody	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	O
in	T-1
conjunction	T-1
with	T-1
pericarditis	B-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
a	T-0
case	T-0
of	T-0
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
vasculitis	O
manifesting	O
with	O
pericarditis	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	O
-	O
induced	T-1
vasculitis	B-Disease
manifesting	T-2
with	T-2
pericarditis	T-2
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
describe	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	O
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	O
manifesting	T-0
with	T-0
pericarditis	B-Disease
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	B-Disease
treated	T-1
with	O
propylthiouracil	O
in	O
whom	O
a	O
syndrome	O
of	O
pericarditis	O
,	O
fever	O
,	O
and	O
glomerulonephritis	O
developed	T-0
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
in	O
whom	O
a	O
syndrome	O
of	O
pericarditis	O
,	O
fever	O
,	O
and	O
glomerulonephritis	O
developed	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	O
treated	O
with	O
propylthiouracil	O
in	O
whom	O
a	O
syndrome	T-0
of	T-0
pericarditis	B-Disease
,	T-1
fever	T-1
,	O
and	O
glomerulonephritis	O
developed	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	O
treated	O
with	O
propylthiouracil	O
in	O
whom	O
a	O
syndrome	T-3
of	T-3
pericarditis	T-0
,	T-0
fever	B-Disease
,	T-1
and	T-1
glomerulonephritis	T-1
developed	T-2
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
present	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
a	O
woman	O
with	O
hyperthyroidism	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
propylthiouracil	O
in	O
whom	O
a	O
syndrome	T-0
of	T-0
pericarditis	O
,	O
fever	O
,	O
and	O
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
developed	T-2
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
Graves	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
had	T-0
a	T-0
febrile	T-0
illness	T-0
and	O
evidence	T-1
of	T-1
pericarditis	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
confirmed	T-2
by	O
biopsy	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
Graves	O
'	O
disease	T-0
had	T-0
a	T-0
febrile	B-Disease
illness	I-Disease
and	O
evidence	T-1
of	T-1
pericarditis	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
confirmed	O
by	O
biopsy	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
A	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
Graves	O
'	O
disease	O
had	O
a	O
febrile	O
illness	O
and	O
evidence	T-0
of	T-0
pericarditis	B-Disease
,	O
which	O
was	O
confirmed	T-1
by	O
biopsy	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
therapy	T-0
was	O
withdrawn	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
was	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
1	O
-	O
month	O
course	O
of	O
prednisone	O
,	O
which	O
alleviated	O
her	O
symptoms	O
.	O

Propylthiouracil	O
therapy	O
was	O
withdrawn	T-0
,	O
and	O
she	O
was	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
a	O
1	O
-	O
month	O
course	T-2
of	T-2
prednisone	B-Chemical
,	O
which	T-3
alleviated	O
her	O
symptoms	O
.	O

A	O
literature	O
review	O
revealed	O
no	O
prior	O
reports	O
of	O
pericarditis	B-Disease
in	O
anti	O
-	O
MPO	O
pANCA	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
propylthio	O
-	O
uracil	O
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
literature	O
review	O
revealed	O
no	O
prior	O
reports	O
of	O
pericarditis	O
in	O
anti	O
-	O
MPO	O
pANCA	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	B-Disease
associated	T-0
with	T-0
propylthio	O
-	O
uracil	O
therapy	O
.	O

A	O
literature	O
review	O
revealed	O
no	O
prior	O
reports	O
of	O
pericarditis	O
in	O
anti	O
-	O
MPO	O
pANCA	O
-	O
positive	O
vasculitis	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
propylthio	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
uracil	I-Chemical
therapy	T-1
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Pericarditis	B-Disease
may	T-0
be	T-0
the	O
initial	O
manifestation	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
vasculitis	O
attributable	O
to	O
propylthio	O
-	O
uracil	O
therapy	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Pericarditis	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
initial	O
manifestation	T-1
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	T-2
vasculitis	B-Disease
attributable	O
to	O
propylthio	O
-	O
uracil	O
therapy	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Pericarditis	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
initial	O
manifestation	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	T-0
vasculitis	O
attributable	O
to	O
propylthio	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
uracil	I-Chemical
therapy	O
.	O

Repeated	O
transient	O
anuria	B-Disease
following	O
losartan	O
administration	T-0
in	O
a	O
patient	T-1
with	O
a	O
solitary	T-2
kidney	T-2
.	O

Repeated	O
transient	O
anuria	O
following	T-2
losartan	B-Chemical
administration	T-3
in	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
hypertensive	O
man	T-0
with	T-0
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
and	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
two	O
episodes	O
of	O
transient	O
anuria	O
after	O
losartan	O
administration	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
hypertensive	O
man	O
with	O
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
and	O
chronic	O
renal	O
insufficiency	O
who	O
developed	T-1
two	O
episodes	O
of	O
transient	T-0
anuria	B-Disease
after	T-2
losartan	O
administration	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
70	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
hypertensive	O
man	O
with	O
a	O
solitary	O
kidney	O
and	O
chronic	O
renal	O
insufficiency	O
who	O
developed	T-1
two	O
episodes	O
of	O
transient	O
anuria	O
after	O
losartan	B-Chemical
administration	T-0
.	O

He	O
was	O
hospitalized	O
for	T-0
a	T-0
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
with	T-1
pulmonary	O
edema	O
,	O
treated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
diuretics	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
hospitalized	T-0
for	T-0
a	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
with	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
edema	I-Disease
,	O
treated	O
with	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
diuretics	O
.	O

Due	T-0
to	T-0
severe	T-0
systolic	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
losartan	O
was	T-1
prescribed	T-1
.	O

Due	O
to	O
severe	T-0
systolic	T-0
dysfunction	T-0
losartan	B-Chemical
was	T-1
prescribed	T-1
.	O

Surprisingly	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
dose	T-0
of	T-0
50	O
mg	O
of	O
losartan	B-Chemical
resulted	T-1
in	T-1
a	O
sudden	O
anuria	O
,	O
which	O
lasted	O
eight	O
hours	O
despite	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
furosemide	O
and	O
amine	O
infusion	O
.	O

Surprisingly	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
of	O
losartan	O
resulted	T-0
in	T-0
a	O
sudden	T-2
anuria	B-Disease
,	O
which	T-1
lasted	O
eight	O
hours	O
despite	O
high	O
-	O
dose	O
furosemide	O
and	O
amine	O
infusion	O
.	O

Surprisingly	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
of	O
losartan	O
resulted	T-1
in	T-1
a	O
sudden	O
anuria	O
,	O
which	O
lasted	O
eight	O
hours	O
despite	O
high	T-0
-	T-0
dose	T-0
furosemide	B-Chemical
and	O
amine	O
infusion	O
.	O

Surprisingly	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
of	O
losartan	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
sudden	T-1
anuria	O
,	O
which	O
lasted	O
eight	O
hours	O
despite	T-2
high	T-0
-	T-0
dose	T-0
furosemide	O
and	O
amine	B-Chemical
infusion	T-3
.	O

One	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
by	O
mistake	O
,	O
losartan	B-Chemical
was	T-0
prescribed	T-0
again	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
second	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
a	O
second	O
episode	O
of	O
transient	O
anuria	O
lasting	O
10	O
hours	O
.	O

One	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
by	O
mistake	O
,	O
losartan	O
was	O
prescribed	O
again	O
and	O
after	O
the	O
second	O
dose	O
of	O
50	O
mg	O
,	O
the	O
patient	O
developed	O
a	O
second	O
episode	O
of	T-1
transient	T-1
anuria	B-Disease
lasting	T-2
10	O
hours	O
.	O

During	O
these	O
two	O
episodes	O
,	O
his	O
blood	O
pressure	O
diminished	T-0
but	O
no	O
severe	O
hypotension	B-Disease
was	T-1
noted	T-1
.	O

Ultimately	O
,	O
an	O
arteriography	O
showed	T-0
a	O
70	O
-	O
80	O
%	O
renal	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
.	O

In	O
this	O
patient	O
,	O
renal	B-Disease
artery	I-Disease
stenosis	I-Disease
combined	T-0
with	T-0
heart	O
failure	O
and	O
diuretic	O
therapy	O
certainly	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
strong	O
activation	T-1
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	O
system	O
(	O
RAS	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
patient	O
,	O
renal	O
artery	O
stenosis	O
combined	T-0
with	T-0
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
diuretic	O
therapy	O
certainly	O
resulted	T-3
in	T-3
a	O
strong	O
activation	T-2
of	O
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	O
system	O
(	O
RAS	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
this	O
patient	O
,	O
renal	O
artery	O
stenosis	O
combined	O
with	O
heart	O
failure	O
and	O
diuretic	O
therapy	O
certainly	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
strong	T-1
activation	T-1
of	T-1
the	O
renin	O
-	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
system	O
(	O
RAS	O
)	O
.	O

Under	T-1
such	T-1
conditions	T-1
,	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	O
blockade	O
by	O
losartan	O
probably	O
induced	T-2
a	O
critical	O
fall	T-0
in	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
pressure	O
.	O

Under	O
such	O
conditions	O
,	O
angiotensin	O
II	O
receptor	O
blockade	O
by	O
losartan	B-Chemical
probably	O
induced	T-0
a	O
critical	O
fall	O
in	O
glomerular	O
filtration	O
pressure	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
highlights	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
angiotensin	B-Chemical
II	I-Chemical
receptor	T-3
antagonist	T-3
losartan	O
can	T-0
cause	T-0
serious	O
unexpected	O
complications	T-1
in	T-1
patients	O
with	O
renovascular	O
disease	O
and	O
should	O
be	T-2
used	T-2
with	T-2
extreme	O
caution	O
in	O
this	O
setting	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
highlights	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
angiotensin	O
II	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
losartan	B-Chemical
can	T-0
cause	T-0
serious	O
unexpected	O
complications	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
renovascular	O
disease	O
and	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
extreme	O
caution	O
in	O
this	O
setting	O
.	O

This	O
case	O
report	O
highlights	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
angiotensin	O
II	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
losartan	O
can	O
cause	O
serious	O
unexpected	O
complications	T-0
in	T-0
patients	T-0
with	T-0
renovascular	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
and	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
extreme	O
caution	O
in	O
this	O
setting	O
.	O

Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
induced	T-2
pain	B-Disease
syndrome	T-0
(	O
CIPS	O
)	O
:	O
a	O
severe	T-1
disabling	T-1
complication	T-1
after	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
induced	T-3
pain	O
syndrome	T-0
(	O
CIPS	B-Disease
)	O
:	T-2
a	T-2
severe	T-2
disabling	T-2
complication	T-4
after	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

Bone	O
pain	B-Disease
after	O
transplantation	T-0
is	O
a	O
frequent	O
complication	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
caused	T-1
by	T-1
several	O
diseases	O
.	O

Treatment	O
strategies	O
depend	T-1
on	T-1
the	O
correct	O
diagnosis	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
pain	B-Disease
.	O

Nine	O
patients	T-0
with	T-0
severe	T-1
pain	B-Disease
in	O
their	O
feet	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
registered	O
after	O
transplantation	O
,	O
were	O
investigated	O
.	O

Magnetic	T-2
resonance	T-2
imaging	O
demonstrated	T-1
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
oedema	I-Disease
in	T-0
the	T-0
painful	O
bones	O
.	O

Pain	B-Disease
was	O
not	O
explained	T-0
by	O
other	O
diseases	O
causing	O
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	T-0
explained	T-0
by	T-0
other	O
diseases	O
causing	T-1
foot	T-1
pain	B-Disease
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	T-0
by	T-0
other	O
diseases	O
causing	T-1
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	B-Disease
sympathetic	I-Disease
dystrophy	I-Disease
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	O
by	O
other	O
diseases	T-0
causing	T-0
foot	T-0
pain	T-0
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	B-Disease
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	T-0
by	T-0
other	O
diseases	O
causing	T-1
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	B-Disease
'	I-Disease
s	I-Disease
neuralgia	I-Disease
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	O
by	O
other	O
diseases	O
causing	T-0
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	T-1
'	T-1
s	T-1
neuralgia	T-1
,	O
gout	B-Disease
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	O
by	O
other	O
diseases	O
causing	T-0
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	B-Disease
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	T-2
explained	T-2
by	T-2
other	O
diseases	O
causing	O
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	T-0
,	T-0
avascular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	T-1
intermittent	T-1
claudication	T-1
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	T-0
by	T-1
other	T-1
diseases	T-1
causing	O
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	T-2
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	B-Disease
claudication	I-Disease
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	O
by	O
other	O
diseases	O
causing	O
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	T-0
foot	B-Disease
deformities	I-Disease
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	O
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	O
by	O
other	O
diseases	O
causing	O
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	B-Disease
fractures	I-Disease
,	O
and	T-0
hyperparathyroidism	O
.	O

Pain	O
was	O
not	O
explained	O
by	O
other	O
diseases	O
causing	O
foot	O
pain	O
,	O
like	O
reflex	O
sympathetic	O
dystrophy	O
,	O
polyneuropathy	O
,	O
Morton	O
'	O
s	O
neuralgia	O
,	O
gout	O
,	O
osteoporosis	O
,	O
avascular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
intermittent	O
claudication	O
,	O
orthopaedic	O
foot	O
deformities	O
,	O
stress	O
fractures	O
,	O
and	T-0
hyperparathyroidism	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
reduction	T-0
of	T-0
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
-	O
or	O
tacrolimus	O
trough	O
levels	O
and	O
the	O
administration	T-1
of	T-1
calcium	O
channel	O
blockers	O
led	O
to	O
relief	T-2
of	O
pain	O
.	O

The	O
reduction	T-0
of	O
cyclosporine	O
-	O
or	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
trough	O
levels	O
and	O
the	O
administration	T-1
of	O
calcium	O
channel	O
blockers	O
led	T-2
to	T-2
relief	T-2
of	T-2
pain	T-2
.	O

The	O
reduction	O
of	O
cyclosporine	O
-	O
or	O
tacrolimus	O
trough	O
levels	T-0
and	O
the	O
administration	T-2
of	T-2
calcium	B-Chemical
channel	O
blockers	O
led	O
to	O
relief	O
of	O
pain	O
.	O

The	O
reduction	O
of	O
cyclosporine	O
-	O
or	O
tacrolimus	O
trough	O
levels	O
and	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
calcium	O
channel	O
blockers	O
led	T-2
to	T-2
relief	T-1
of	T-1
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
Induced	T-0
Pain	B-Disease
Syndrome	O
(	O
CIPS	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
severe	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
cyclosporine	O
or	O
tacrolimus	O
and	O
is	O
accurately	O
diagnosed	O
by	O
its	O
typical	O
presentation	O
,	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
bone	O
scans	O
.	O

The	O
Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
Induced	T-0
Pain	O
Syndrome	O
(	O
CIPS	B-Disease
)	O
is	T-1
a	T-1
rare	T-1
but	O
severe	O
side	O
effect	O
of	O
cyclosporine	O
or	O
tacrolimus	O
and	O
is	O
accurately	O
diagnosed	O
by	O
its	O
typical	O
presentation	O
,	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
bone	O
scans	O
.	O

The	O
Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
Induced	O
Pain	O
Syndrome	O
(	O
CIPS	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
severe	O
side	T-0
effect	T-0
of	T-0
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
or	O
tacrolimus	O
and	O
is	O
accurately	O
diagnosed	O
by	O
its	O
typical	O
presentation	O
,	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
bone	O
scans	O
.	O

The	O
Calcineurin	O
-	O
inhibitor	O
Induced	T-0
Pain	O
Syndrome	O
(	O
CIPS	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
but	O
severe	O
side	T-2
effect	T-2
of	T-2
cyclosporine	O
or	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	O
is	O
accurately	O
diagnosed	T-1
by	T-1
its	O
typical	O
presentation	O
,	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
bone	O
scans	O
.	O

Incorrect	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
the	O
syndrome	O
will	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	O
of	O
life	O
quality	O
in	O
patients	O
suffering	T-0
from	T-0
CIPS	B-Disease
.	O

Brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
is	O
a	O
predictor	T-1
of	T-1
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
cardiotoxicity	O
.	O

Brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
is	O
a	O
predictor	T-0
of	T-0
anthracycline	O
-	O
induced	T-1
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Anthracyclines	B-Chemical
are	T-1
effective	T-1
antineoplastic	O
drugs	O
,	O
but	T-2
they	T-2
frequently	T-2
cause	T-2
dose	O
-	O
related	O
cardiotoxicity	O
.	O

Anthracyclines	O
are	O
effective	O
antineoplastic	O
drugs	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
frequently	O
cause	T-0
dose	O
-	O
related	O
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

The	T-0
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
of	T-1
conventional	T-1
anthracycline	O
therapy	O
highlights	T-2
a	O
need	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
methods	O
that	O
are	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
and	O
capable	O
of	O
predicting	O
cardiac	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

The	O
cardiotoxicity	O
of	T-1
conventional	T-1
anthracycline	B-Chemical
therapy	T-0
highlights	T-0
a	O
need	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
methods	O
that	O
are	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
and	O
capable	O
of	O
predicting	O
cardiac	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

The	O
cardiotoxicity	O
of	O
conventional	O
anthracycline	O
therapy	O
highlights	O
a	O
need	O
to	O
search	O
for	O
methods	O
that	O
are	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
and	O
capable	T-0
of	T-0
predicting	T-1
cardiac	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
measured	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
BNP	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
BNP	O
might	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
simple	O
diagnostic	O
indicator	T-1
of	T-1
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	O
leukemia	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
daunorubicin	O
(	O
DNR	O
)	O
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
BNP	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
BNP	O
might	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
simple	O
diagnostic	O
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	O
-	O
induced	T-0
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	T-1
patients	T-1
with	O
acute	O
leukemia	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
daunorubicin	O
(	O
DNR	O
)	O
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
BNP	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
BNP	O
might	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
simple	O
diagnostic	T-0
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	O
-	O
induced	T-3
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
patients	T-1
with	O
acute	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
treated	T-4
with	T-4
a	O
daunorubicin	O
(	O
DNR	O
)	O
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
BNP	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
BNP	O
might	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
simple	O
diagnostic	O
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	O
leukemia	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
a	O
daunorubicin	B-Chemical
(	O
DNR	O
)	O
-	O
containing	T-1
regimen	O
.	O

We	O
measured	O
the	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
brain	O
natriuretic	O
peptide	O
(	O
BNP	O
)	O
to	O
determine	O
whether	O
BNP	O
might	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
simple	O
diagnostic	O
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
in	T-0
patients	T-0
with	O
acute	O
leukemia	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
a	O
daunorubicin	O
(	O
DNR	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

Thirteen	O
patients	T-0
with	T-0
acute	B-Disease
leukemia	I-Disease
were	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
a	O
DNR	O
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

Thirteen	O
patients	O
with	O
acute	O
leukemia	O
were	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
a	T-1
DNR	B-Chemical
-	O
containing	O
regimen	O
.	O

Three	O
patients	T-0
developed	T-1
congestive	B-Disease
heart	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Five	O
patients	O
were	O
diagnosed	T-0
as	T-0
having	T-0
subclinical	T-1
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
after	O
the	O
completion	O
of	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
BNP	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
clinical	O
and	O
subclinical	T-0
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
increased	T-1
above	T-1
the	O
normal	O
limit	O
(	O
40	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
before	T-2
the	T-2
detection	T-2
of	O
clinical	O
or	O
subclinical	O
heart	O
failure	O
by	O
radionuclide	O
angiography	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
levels	O
of	O
BNP	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
clinical	O
and	O
subclinical	O
heart	O
failure	O
increased	T-0
above	O
the	O
normal	O
limit	O
(	O
40	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
before	O
the	O
detection	T-1
of	T-1
clinical	O
or	O
subclinical	O
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
by	O
radionuclide	O
angiography	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
BNP	O
did	O
not	O
increase	T-1
in	O
the	O
patients	O
without	T-0
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
given	O
DNR	O
,	O
even	O
at	O
more	O
than	O
700	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
BNP	O
did	O
not	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
patients	O
without	O
heart	O
failure	O
given	T-0
DNR	B-Chemical
,	O
even	O
at	O
more	O
than	O
700	O
mg	O
/	O
m	O
(	O
2	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
plasma	O
level	O
of	O
ANP	O
did	O
not	O
always	O
increase	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
patients	O
with	O
clinical	T-0
and	T-0
subclinical	T-0
heart	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

These	O
preliminary	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
BNP	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
as	O
an	O
early	O
and	O
sensitive	O
indicator	T-0
of	T-0
anthracycline	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
cardiotoxicity	O
.	O

These	O
preliminary	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
BNP	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
as	O
an	O
early	O
and	O
sensitive	O
indicator	O
of	O
anthracycline	O
-	O
induced	T-0
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
of	T-0
combined	T-1
cephalothin	O
-	O
gentamicin	O
regimen	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	O
of	T-1
combined	T-1
cephalothin	B-Chemical
-	O
gentamicin	O
regimen	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	O
of	O
combined	O
cephalothin	T-0
-	T-0
gentamicin	B-Chemical
regimen	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	T-2
developed	T-2
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
characterized	O
clinically	O
by	O
acute	O
oliguric	O
renal	O
failure	O
,	O
while	O
they	O
were	O
receiving	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
cephalothin	O
sodium	O
and	O
gentamicin	O
sulfate	O
therapy	T-1
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	T-0
acute	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
characterized	O
clinically	O
by	T-3
acute	T-3
oliguric	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
while	O
they	O
were	O
receiving	T-1
a	O
combination	O
of	O
cephalothin	O
sodium	O
and	O
gentamicin	O
sulfate	O
therapy	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	T-0
acute	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
characterized	O
clinically	O
by	O
acute	O
oliguric	O
renal	O
failure	O
,	O
while	O
they	O
were	O
receiving	O
a	O
combination	T-1
of	T-1
cephalothin	B-Chemical
sodium	I-Chemical
and	T-2
gentamicin	T-2
sulfate	T-2
therapy	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	T-1
developed	T-2
acute	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
characterized	T-3
clinically	O
by	T-4
acute	O
oliguric	O
renal	O
failure	O
,	O
while	O
they	O
were	O
receiving	T-0
a	O
combination	O
of	O
cephalothin	O
sodium	O
and	O
gentamicin	B-Chemical
sulfate	I-Chemical
therapy	T-5
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
are	O
given	O
this	O
drug	O
regimen	O
should	T-1
be	T-1
observed	T-1
very	O
carefully	O
for	O
early	T-2
signs	T-2
of	T-2
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Patients	T-1
with	T-1
renal	B-Disease
insufficiency	I-Disease
should	O
not	O
be	T-0
given	T-0
this	O
regimen	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	T-0
apoptotic	T-0
and	O
necrotic	B-Disease
cell	T-2
deaths	T-2
during	O
acetaminophen	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
-	O
induced	T-1
lung	O
toxicity	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	O
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	O
cell	O
deaths	O
during	O
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
-	T-0
induced	T-0
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	O
toxicity	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	O
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	O
cell	O
deaths	O
during	O
acetaminophen	O
-	T-1
induced	T-1
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	T-2
amiodarone	T-2
-	T-2
induced	T-2
lung	O
toxicity	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	O
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	O
cell	O
deaths	O
during	O
acetaminophen	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
lung	O
toxicity	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	O
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	O
cell	O
deaths	O
during	O
acetaminophen	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
-	O
induced	T-1
lung	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
and	T-2
doxorubicin	O
-	O
induced	T-0
cardiotoxicity	O
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	O
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	O
cell	O
deaths	O
during	T-1
acetaminophen	O
-	O
induced	T-2
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
-	O
induced	T-3
lung	O
toxicity	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-4
cardiotoxicity	O
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	O
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	O
cell	O
deaths	O
during	O
acetaminophen	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	O
toxicity	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
-	O
induced	T-0
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
by	T-1
a	T-1
novel	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
.	O

In	O
vivo	O
protection	O
of	O
dna	O
damage	O
associated	T-0
apoptotic	O
and	O
necrotic	O
cell	O
deaths	O
during	O
acetaminophen	O
-	O
induced	T-1
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
-	O
induced	T-2
lung	O
toxicity	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
-	O
induced	T-3
cardiotoxicity	O
by	O
a	O
novel	O
IH636	B-Chemical
grape	I-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
proanthocyanidin	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
.	O

Grape	B-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
,	O
primarily	O
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
proanthocyanidins	O
,	O
has	T-1
been	T-1
shown	T-1
to	T-1
modulate	O
a	O
wide	O
-	O
range	O
of	O
biological	O
,	O
pharmacological	O
and	O
toxicological	O
effects	T-0
which	O
are	O
mainly	O
cytoprotective	O
.	O

Grape	O
seed	O
extract	O
,	O
primarily	O
a	O
mixture	T-0
of	T-0
proanthocyanidins	B-Chemical
,	O
has	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
modulate	O
a	O
wide	O
-	O
range	O
of	O
biological	O
,	O
pharmacological	O
and	O
toxicological	O
effects	O
which	O
are	O
mainly	O
cytoprotective	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	T-0
of	T-0
IH636	B-Chemical
grape	I-Chemical
seed	I-Chemical
proanthocyanidin	I-Chemical
extract	I-Chemical
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	O
prevent	T-1
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-2
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-3
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-4
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	T-2
assessed	T-2
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	T-0
(	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
)	O
to	T-1
prevent	T-1
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-3
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	O
prevent	T-0
acetaminophen	B-Chemical
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	T-2
prevent	T-2
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	T-3
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	O
prevent	O
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	T-1
induced	T-1
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	T-0
of	T-0
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	T-1
prevent	T-1
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-2
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	B-Chemical
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-3
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	T-1
prevent	T-1
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-2
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	T-0
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	T-0
of	T-0
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	T-1
prevent	T-1
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-2
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-4
lung	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-3
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	O
prevent	O
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	T-1
DOX	T-1
)	T-1
-	T-1
induced	T-1
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	O
prevent	O
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-0
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	T-2
cardiotoxicity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
ability	O
of	O
IH636	O
grape	O
seed	O
proanthocyanidin	O
extract	O
(	O
GSPE	O
)	O
to	T-0
prevent	T-0
acetaminophen	O
(	O
AAP	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
amiodarone	O
(	O
AMI	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
lung	O
toxicity	O
,	O
and	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Experimental	O
design	O
consisted	T-2
of	T-2
four	O
groups	O
:	O
control	O
(	O
vehicle	O
alone	O
)	O
,	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
alone	T-1
,	O
drug	O
alone	O
and	O
GSPE	O
+	O
drug	O
.	O

Experimental	T-0
design	O
consisted	O
of	O
four	O
groups	O
:	O
control	O
(	O
vehicle	O
alone	O
)	O
,	O
GSPE	O
alone	O
,	O
drug	O
alone	O
and	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
+	T-1
drug	T-1
.	O

For	O
the	O
cytoprotection	O
study	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
orally	O
gavaged	O
100	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
Kg	T-0
GSPE	B-Chemical
for	O
7	O
-	O
10	O
days	O
followed	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
of	O
organ	O
specific	O
three	O
drugs	O
(	O
AAP	O
:	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
24	O
h	O
;	O
AMI	O
:	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
;	O
DOX	O
:	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
cytoprotection	O
study	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
orally	T-2
gavaged	T-2
100	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
GSPE	O
for	O
7	O
-	O
10	O
days	O
followed	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	T-3
of	O
organ	O
specific	O
three	O
drugs	T-0
(	O
AAP	B-Chemical
:	O
500	T-1
mg	T-1
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
24	O
h	O
;	O
AMI	O
:	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
;	O
DOX	O
:	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
cytoprotection	O
study	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
orally	O
gavaged	O
100	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
GSPE	O
for	O
7	O
-	O
10	O
days	O
followed	T-0
by	T-0
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
of	O
organ	O
specific	O
three	O
drugs	O
(	O
AAP	O
:	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
24	O
h	O
;	O
AMI	B-Chemical
:	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
;	O
DOX	O
:	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
cytoprotection	O
study	O
,	O
animals	O
were	O
orally	T-0
gavaged	T-0
100	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
GSPE	O
for	O
7	O
-	O
10	O
days	O
followed	O
by	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
injections	O
of	O
organ	O
specific	O
three	O
drugs	O
(	O
AAP	O
:	O
500	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
24	O
h	O
;	O
AMI	O
:	O
50	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
/	O
day	O
for	O
four	O
days	O
;	O
DOX	B-Chemical
:	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
Kg	O
for	O
48	O
h	O
)	O
.	O

Results	O
indicate	O
that	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
preexposure	T-0
prior	O
to	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	O
,	O
provided	O
near	O
complete	O
protection	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
changes	O
(	O
ALT	O
,	O
BUN	O
and	O
CPK	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
DNA	O
fragmentation	O
.	O

Results	O
indicate	T-1
that	O
GSPE	O
preexposure	T-2
prior	T-0
to	T-0
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	O
,	O
provided	O
near	O
complete	O
protection	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
changes	O
(	O
ALT	O
,	O
BUN	O
and	O
CPK	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
reduced	T-3
DNA	O
fragmentation	O
.	O

Results	O
indicate	O
that	O
GSPE	O
preexposure	T-0
prior	O
to	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	O
,	O
provided	O
near	O
complete	O
protection	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
changes	O
(	O
ALT	O
,	O
BUN	O
and	O
CPK	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
DNA	O
fragmentation	O
.	O

Results	O
indicate	O
that	O
GSPE	O
preexposure	T-0
prior	T-0
to	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
provided	O
near	O
complete	O
protection	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
serum	O
chemistry	O
changes	O
(	O
ALT	O
,	O
BUN	O
and	O
CPK	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
significantly	O
reduced	O
DNA	O
fragmentation	O
.	O

Histopathological	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
,	O
heart	O
and	O
lung	O
sections	O
revealed	O
moderate	O
to	O
massive	O
tissue	O
damage	O
with	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
morphological	O
aberrations	O
by	O
all	O
the	O
three	O
drugs	O
in	O
the	O
absence	T-0
of	T-0
GSPE	B-Chemical
preexposure	T-1
than	O
in	O
its	O
presence	O
.	O

GSPE	B-Chemical
+	T-2
drug	T-2
exposed	T-1
tissues	O
exhibited	T-0
minor	O
residual	O
damage	O
or	O
near	O
total	O
recovery	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
drugs	O
,	O
such	T-1
as	T-1
,	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	O
induced	T-0
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
necrosis	O
in	O
the	O
respective	O
organs	O
which	O
was	O
very	O
effectively	O
blocked	O
by	O
GSPE	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
drugs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
AAP	T-0
,	T-0
AMI	B-Chemical
and	T-1
DOX	T-1
induced	O
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
necrosis	O
in	O
the	O
respective	O
organs	O
which	O
was	O
very	O
effectively	O
blocked	O
by	O
GSPE	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
drugs	T-0
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
induced	T-1
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
necrosis	O
in	O
the	O
respective	O
organs	O
which	O
was	O
very	O
effectively	T-2
blocked	O
by	O
GSPE	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
drugs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	O
induced	O
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
necrosis	B-Disease
in	T-0
the	T-0
respective	T-0
organs	T-0
which	O
was	O
very	O
effectively	O
blocked	O
by	O
GSPE	O
.	O

Interestingly	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
drugs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	O
induced	T-0
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
necrosis	O
in	O
the	O
respective	O
organs	O
which	O
was	O
very	O
effectively	O
blocked	T-1
by	T-1
GSPE	B-Chemical
.	O

Since	O
AAP	B-Chemical
,	T-0
AMI	T-0
and	T-0
DOX	T-0
undergo	O
biotransformation	O
and	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
produce	O
damaging	O
radicals	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
the	O
protection	O
by	O
GSPE	O
may	O
be	O
linked	O
to	O
both	O
inhibition	O
of	O
metabolism	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
detoxification	O
of	O
cytotoxic	O
radicals	O
.	O

Since	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	B-Chemical
and	O
DOX	O
undergo	O
biotransformation	O
and	O
are	O
known	O
to	T-0
produce	T-0
damaging	O
radicals	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
the	O
protection	O
by	O
GSPE	O
may	O
be	O
linked	T-1
to	T-1
both	O
inhibition	O
of	O
metabolism	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
detoxification	O
of	O
cytotoxic	O
radicals	O
.	O

Since	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	B-Chemical
undergo	O
biotransformation	O
and	O
are	T-3
known	T-3
to	T-3
produce	T-0
damaging	O
radicals	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
the	O
protection	T-1
by	T-1
GSPE	O
may	O
be	O
linked	O
to	O
both	O
inhibition	T-2
of	O
metabolism	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
detoxification	O
of	O
cytotoxic	O
radicals	O
.	O

Since	O
AAP	O
,	O
AMI	O
and	O
DOX	O
undergo	O
biotransformation	O
and	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
produce	O
damaging	O
radicals	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
the	O
protection	T-0
by	T-0
GSPE	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
linked	O
to	O
both	O
inhibition	O
of	O
metabolism	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
detoxification	O
of	O
cytotoxic	O
radicals	O
.	O

Additionally	O
,	O
this	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
the	O
first	O
report	O
on	O
AMI	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
apoptotic	O
death	O
in	O
the	O
lung	O
tissue	O
.	O

Taken	O
together	O
,	O
these	O
events	O
undoubtedly	O
establish	O
GSPE	B-Chemical
'	T-0
s	T-0
abundant	T-0
bioavailability	T-0
,	O
and	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
defend	O
multiple	O
target	O
organs	O
from	O
toxic	O
assaults	O
induced	O
by	O
structurally	O
diverse	O
and	O
functionally	O
different	O
entities	O
in	O
vivo	O
.	O

Antidepressant	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
mania	O
in	T-1
bipolar	O
patients	O
:	O
identification	O
of	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Antidepressant	O
-	O
induced	T-3
mania	B-Disease
in	O
bipolar	O
patients	O
:	O
identification	T-1
of	T-1
risk	T-2
factors	T-2
.	O

Antidepressant	O
-	O
induced	T-1
mania	O
in	O
bipolar	B-Disease
patients	T-0
:	O
identification	T-2
of	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Concerns	O
about	O
possible	T-1
risks	T-1
of	T-1
switching	O
to	O
mania	B-Disease
associated	T-0
with	T-0
antidepressants	T-0
continue	O
to	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
an	O
optimal	O
treatment	T-2
paradigm	O
for	O
bipolar	O
depression	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Concerns	O
about	O
possible	O
risks	O
of	O
switching	O
to	O
mania	O
associated	T-2
with	T-2
antidepressants	B-Chemical
continue	O
to	O
interfere	T-0
with	T-0
the	O
establishment	O
of	O
an	O
optimal	T-1
treatment	T-1
paradigm	T-1
for	O
bipolar	O
depression	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Concerns	O
about	O
possible	O
risks	O
of	O
switching	O
to	O
mania	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
antidepressants	O
continue	O
to	O
interfere	O
with	O
the	O
establishment	T-1
of	O
an	O
optimal	O
treatment	T-2
paradigm	O
for	T-3
bipolar	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
The	O
response	T-0
of	T-0
44	O
patients	T-1
meeting	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
criteria	O
for	O
bipolar	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
to	O
naturalistic	O
treatment	T-2
was	O
assessed	O
for	O
at	O
least	O
6	O
weeks	O
using	O
the	O
Montgomery	O
-	O
Asberg	O
Depression	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
and	O
the	O
Bech	O
-	O
Rafaelson	O
Mania	O
Rating	O
Scale	O
.	O

Patients	T-1
who	T-1
experienced	T-1
a	T-1
manic	B-Disease
or	T-2
hypomanic	T-2
switch	T-2
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
bipolar	O
I	O
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	O
II	O
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	O
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	T-0
during	T-0
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	T-1
or	T-1
hypomanic	B-Disease
switch	T-0
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
bipolar	O
I	O
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	O
II	O
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	O
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	T-1
a	O
manic	O
or	O
hypomanic	O
switch	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
IV	I-Disease
bipolar	I-Disease
I	I-Disease
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	O
II	O
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	T-0
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	O
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	O
or	O
hypomanic	O
switch	O
were	T-0
compared	T-0
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	T-1
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
bipolar	O
I	O
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	B-Disease
II	I-Disease
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	O
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	O
or	O
hypomanic	O
switch	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
bipolar	O
I	O
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	O
II	O
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	B-Disease
episodes	T-0
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	O
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	O
or	O
hypomanic	O
switch	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
bipolar	O
I	O
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	O
II	O
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
therapy	T-0
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	O
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	O
or	O
hypomanic	O
switch	O
were	O
compared	T-1
with	T-1
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
bipolar	O
I	O
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	O
II	O
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	B-Chemical
drugs	T-0
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	O
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	O
or	O
hypomanic	O
switch	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
bipolar	O
I	O
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	O
II	O
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	T-1
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	T-2
drugs	T-2
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	T-3
serotonin	T-3
reuptake	T-3
inhibitors	T-3
[	O
SSRIs	B-Chemical
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	O
stabilizers	O
(	O
lithium	O
vs	O
.	O
anticonvulsants	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	T-0
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
a	O
manic	O
or	O
hypomanic	O
switch	O
were	O
compared	O
with	O
those	O
who	O
did	O
not	O
on	O
several	O
variables	O
including	O
age	O
,	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
(	O
DSM	O
-	O
IV	O
bipolar	O
I	O
vs	O
.	O
bipolar	O
II	O
)	O
,	O
number	O
of	O
previous	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	O
used	O
(	O
electroconvulsive	O
therapy	O
vs	O
.	O
antidepressant	O
drugs	O
and	O
,	O
more	O
particularly	O
,	O
selective	O
serotonin	O
reuptake	O
inhibitors	O
[	O
SSRIs	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
use	O
and	O
type	O
of	O
mood	T-1
stabilizers	T-1
(	O
lithium	B-Chemical
vs	T-0
.	T-0
anticonvulsants	T-0
)	O
,	O
and	O
temperament	O
of	O
the	O
patient	O
,	O
assessed	O
during	O
a	O
normothymic	O
period	O
using	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semi	O
-	O
structured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Switches	T-0
to	T-0
hypomania	B-Disease
or	O
mania	O
occurred	O
in	O
27	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
patients	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
(	O
and	O
in	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
SSRIs	O
[	O
8	O
/	O
33	O
]	O
)	O
;	O
16	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
experienced	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
experienced	T-1
hypomanic	O
episodes	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Switches	O
to	O
hypomania	O
or	O
mania	B-Disease
occurred	T-4
in	T-4
27	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
patients	T-1
(	O
N	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
(	O
and	O
in	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	T-2
treated	T-2
with	T-2
SSRIs	O
[	O
8	O
/	O
33	O
]	O
)	O
;	O
16	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
experienced	T-3
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
experienced	O
hypomanic	O
episodes	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Switches	O
to	O
hypomania	O
or	O
mania	O
occurred	T-0
in	O
27	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
patients	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
(	O
and	O
in	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	T-2
with	T-2
SSRIs	B-Chemical
[	O
8	O
/	O
33	O
]	O
)	O
;	O
16	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
experienced	T-1
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
experienced	O
hypomanic	O
episodes	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Switches	O
to	O
hypomania	O
or	O
mania	O
occurred	O
in	O
27	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
patients	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
(	O
and	O
in	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
SSRIs	O
[	O
8	O
/	O
33	O
]	O
)	O
;	O
16	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
experienced	T-0
manic	B-Disease
episodes	T-1
,	O
and	O
11	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
experienced	O
hypomanic	O
episodes	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Switches	O
to	O
hypomania	O
or	O
mania	O
occurred	O
in	O
27	O
%	O
of	O
all	O
patients	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
12	O
)	O
(	O
and	O
in	O
24	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
subgroup	O
of	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
SSRIs	O
[	O
8	O
/	O
33	O
]	O
)	O
;	O
16	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
7	O
)	O
experienced	O
manic	O
episodes	O
,	O
and	O
11	O
%	O
(	O
N	O
=	O
5	O
)	O
experienced	T-0
hypomanic	B-Disease
episodes	T-1
.	O

Sex	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
diagnosis	T-1
(	O
bipolar	B-Disease
I	I-Disease
vs	T-2
.	T-2
bipolar	T-2
II	T-2
)	O
,	O
and	O
additional	O
treatment	T-0
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
switching	O
.	O

Sex	O
,	O
age	O
,	O
diagnosis	T-0
(	T-0
bipolar	T-0
I	T-0
vs	T-0
.	T-0
bipolar	B-Disease
II	I-Disease
)	O
,	T-1
and	T-1
additional	T-1
treatment	T-1
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
switching	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
mood	O
switches	O
were	O
less	O
frequent	O
in	O
patients	T-0
receiving	T-1
lithium	B-Chemical
(	O
15	O
%	O
,	O
4	O
/	O
26	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
patients	O
not	T-2
treated	T-2
with	T-2
lithium	O
(	O
44	O
%	O
,	O
8	O
/	O
18	O
;	O
p	O
=	O
.	O
04	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
mood	O
switches	O
were	O
less	O
frequent	O
in	O
patients	O
receiving	O
lithium	O
(	O
15	O
%	O
,	O
4	O
/	O
26	O
)	O
than	O
in	O
patients	O
not	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
lithium	B-Chemical
(	T-0
44	T-0
%	T-0
,	T-0
8	T-0
/	T-0
18	T-0
;	T-0
p	T-0
=	T-0
.	T-0
04	T-0
)	T-0
.	O

The	O
number	O
of	T-0
previous	T-0
manic	B-Disease
episodes	T-1
did	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
probability	O
of	O
switching	O
,	O
whereas	O
a	O
high	O
score	O
on	O
the	O
hyperthymia	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
Semistructured	O
Affective	O
Temperament	O
Interview	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
greater	O
risk	O
of	O
switching	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
.	O
008	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
frequency	O
of	O
mood	O
switching	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
acute	T-2
antidepressant	B-Chemical
therapy	T-1
may	O
be	O
reduced	O
by	O
lithium	O
treatment	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
frequency	O
of	O
mood	O
switching	O
associated	O
with	O
acute	O
antidepressant	O
therapy	O
may	O
be	O
reduced	T-0
by	T-0
lithium	B-Chemical
treatment	O
.	O

Peritubular	O
capillary	O
basement	O
membrane	O
reduplication	O
in	O
allografts	O
and	O
native	T-0
kidney	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
:	O
a	O
clinicopathologic	O
study	T-1
of	T-1
278	O
consecutive	O
renal	O
specimens	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
An	O
association	O
has	O
been	O
found	O
between	O
transplant	B-Disease
glomerulopathy	I-Disease
(	O
TG	O
)	O
and	O
reduplication	T-0
of	O
peritubular	O
capillary	O
basement	O
membranes	O
(	O
PTCR	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
An	O
association	O
has	O
been	O
found	O
between	O
transplant	O
glomerulopathy	T-1
(	O
TG	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
reduplication	T-0
of	O
peritubular	O
capillary	O
basement	O
membranes	O
(	O
PTCR	O
)	O
.	O

In	T-2
addition	T-2
to	T-2
renal	O
allografts	O
with	T-0
TG	B-Disease
,	O
we	O
also	O
examined	T-1
grafts	O
with	O
acute	O
rejection	O
,	O
recurrent	O
glomerulonephritis	O
,	O
chronic	O
allograft	O
nephropathy	O
and	O
stable	O
grafts	O
(	O
"	O
protocol	O
biopsies	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

In	T-4
addition	T-4
to	T-4
renal	O
allografts	O
with	O
TG	O
,	O
we	O
also	O
examined	O
grafts	O
with	O
acute	O
rejection	T-1
,	O
recurrent	T-2
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
,	O
chronic	O
allograft	O
nephropathy	O
and	O
stable	T-3
grafts	O
(	O
"	O
protocol	O
biopsies	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
to	O
renal	O
allografts	O
with	O
TG	O
,	O
we	O
also	O
examined	T-0
grafts	O
with	O
acute	O
rejection	O
,	O
recurrent	T-1
glomerulonephritis	O
,	O
chronic	B-Disease
allograft	I-Disease
nephropathy	I-Disease
and	O
stable	T-2
grafts	O
(	O
"	O
protocol	O
biopsies	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

Native	O
kidney	O
specimens	T-2
included	T-2
a	T-2
wide	T-2
range	T-2
of	T-1
glomerulopathies	B-Disease
as	T-0
well	T-0
as	T-0
cases	T-0
of	O
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
,	O
malignant	O
hypertension	O
,	O
acute	O
interstitial	O
nephritis	O
,	O
and	O
acute	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
.	O

Native	O
kidney	O
specimens	O
included	T-2
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
glomerulopathies	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
cases	T-1
of	T-1
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
,	O
malignant	T-0
hypertension	T-0
,	O
acute	O
interstitial	O
nephritis	O
,	O
and	O
acute	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
.	O

Native	O
kidney	O
specimens	O
included	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
glomerulopathies	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
cases	T-2
of	T-2
thrombotic	T-0
microangiopathy	T-0
,	T-0
malignant	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
,	T-1
acute	T-1
interstitial	T-1
nephritis	T-1
,	O
and	O
acute	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
.	O

Native	O
kidney	O
specimens	O
included	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
glomerulopathies	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
cases	O
of	O
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
,	O
malignant	O
hypertension	O
,	O
acute	T-0
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
acute	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
.	O

Native	O
kidney	O
specimens	O
included	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
glomerulopathies	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
cases	O
of	O
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
,	O
malignant	O
hypertension	O
,	O
acute	O
interstitial	O
nephritis	O
,	O
and	T-0
acute	B-Disease
tubular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
found	T-0
PTCR	O
in	O
14	O
of	O
15	O
cases	O
of	T-1
TG	B-Disease
,	O
in	O
7	O
transplant	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
without	O
TG	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
13	O
of	O
143	O
native	O
kidney	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
We	O
found	O
PTCR	O
in	O
14	O
of	O
15	O
cases	O
of	O
TG	O
,	O
in	O
7	O
transplant	O
biopsy	O
specimens	T-0
without	T-0
TG	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
in	O
13	O
of	O
143	O
native	O
kidney	O
biopsy	O
specimens	O
.	O

These	O
13	O
included	O
cases	T-1
of	T-1
malignant	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
,	T-0
thrombotic	T-0
microangiopathy	T-0
,	O
lupus	O
nephritis	O
,	O
Henoch	O
-	O
Schonlein	O
nephritis	O
,	O
crescentic	O
glomerulonephritis	O
,	O
and	O
cocaine	O
-	O
related	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
.	O

These	O
13	O
included	T-2
cases	O
of	O
malignant	T-0
hypertension	T-0
,	T-0
thrombotic	B-Disease
microangiopathy	I-Disease
,	T-1
lupus	T-1
nephritis	T-1
,	O
Henoch	O
-	O
Schonlein	O
nephritis	O
,	O
crescentic	O
glomerulonephritis	O
,	O
and	O
cocaine	O
-	O
related	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
.	O

These	O
13	O
included	O
cases	O
of	O
malignant	O
hypertension	O
,	O
thrombotic	T-0
microangiopathy	T-0
,	T-0
lupus	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
,	O
Henoch	O
-	O
Schonlein	O
nephritis	O
,	O
crescentic	O
glomerulonephritis	O
,	O
and	O
cocaine	O
-	O
related	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
.	O

These	O
13	O
included	O
cases	T-1
of	T-1
malignant	O
hypertension	O
,	O
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
,	O
lupus	O
nephritis	O
,	O
Henoch	O
-	O
Schonlein	O
nephritis	O
,	O
crescentic	T-0
glomerulonephritis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
cocaine	O
-	O
related	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
.	O

These	O
13	O
included	O
cases	O
of	O
malignant	O
hypertension	O
,	O
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
,	O
lupus	O
nephritis	O
,	O
Henoch	O
-	O
Schonlein	O
nephritis	O
,	O
crescentic	O
glomerulonephritis	O
,	O
and	T-0
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
related	T-1
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
.	O

These	O
13	O
included	O
cases	O
of	O
malignant	O
hypertension	O
,	O
thrombotic	O
microangiopathy	O
,	O
lupus	O
nephritis	O
,	O
Henoch	O
-	O
Schonlein	O
nephritis	O
,	O
crescentic	O
glomerulonephritis	O
,	O
and	O
cocaine	O
-	O
related	T-0
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
.	O

Mild	O
PTCR	O
in	O
allografts	O
without	T-0
TG	B-Disease
did	O
not	O
predict	O
renal	O
failure	O
or	O
significant	O
proteinuria	O
after	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
periods	O
of	O
between	O
3	O
months	O
and	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

Mild	O
PTCR	O
in	O
allografts	O
without	O
TG	O
did	T-1
not	T-1
predict	T-1
renal	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
or	O
significant	O
proteinuria	O
after	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
periods	O
of	O
between	O
3	O
months	O
and	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

Mild	O
PTCR	O
in	O
allografts	O
without	O
TG	O
did	O
not	O
predict	T-0
renal	O
failure	O
or	O
significant	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
after	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
periods	O
of	O
between	O
3	O
months	O
and	O
1	O
year	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
conclude	O
that	O
in	O
transplants	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
strong	O
association	T-0
between	T-0
well	O
-	O
developed	O
PTCR	O
and	O
TG	B-Disease
,	O
while	O
the	O
significance	O
of	O
mild	O
PTCR	O
and	O
its	O
predictive	T-1
value	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
TG	O
is	O
unclear	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
conclude	O
that	O
in	O
transplants	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
strong	O
association	T-0
between	O
well	O
-	O
developed	O
PTCR	O
and	O
TG	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
significance	O
of	O
mild	O
PTCR	O
and	O
its	O
predictive	T-1
value	O
in	O
the	O
absence	T-2
of	T-2
TG	B-Disease
is	O
unclear	O
.	O

PTCR	O
also	O
occurs	T-0
in	T-0
certain	O
native	O
kidney	B-Disease
diseases	I-Disease
,	O
though	O
the	O
association	T-1
is	O
not	O
as	O
strong	O
as	O
that	O
for	O
TG	O
.	O

PTCR	O
also	O
occurs	O
in	O
certain	O
native	O
kidney	O
diseases	O
,	O
though	O
the	O
association	O
is	O
not	O
as	O
strong	O
as	O
that	T-0
for	T-0
TG	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
suggest	T-0
that	T-0
repeated	O
endothelial	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	T-2
including	T-2
immunologic	T-2
injury	T-2
,	O
may	T-1
be	T-1
the	O
cause	O
of	O
this	O
lesion	O
both	O
in	O
allografts	O
and	O
native	O
kidneys	O
.	O

We	O
suggest	O
that	O
repeated	T-0
endothelial	O
injury	O
,	O
including	O
immunologic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
cause	T-1
of	O
this	O
lesion	O
both	O
in	O
allografts	O
and	O
native	O
kidneys	O
.	O

Caffeine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
cardiac	O
arrhythmia	O
:	O
an	O
unrecognised	O
danger	O
of	O
healthfood	O
products	O
.	O

Caffeine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmia	I-Disease
:	O
an	O
unrecognised	O
danger	O
of	O
healthfood	O
products	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	T-1
pre	T-1
-	T-1
existing	T-1
mitral	B-Disease
valve	I-Disease
prolapse	I-Disease
who	O
developed	O
intractable	O
ventricular	O
fibrillation	O
after	O
consuming	O
a	O
"	O
natural	O
energy	O
"	O
guarana	O
health	O
drink	O
containing	O
a	O
high	O
concentration	O
of	O
caffeine	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
mitral	O
valve	O
prolapse	O
who	O
developed	O
intractable	T-0
ventricular	B-Disease
fibrillation	I-Disease
after	T-1
consuming	T-1
a	O
"	O
natural	O
energy	O
"	O
guarana	O
health	O
drink	O
containing	O
a	O
high	O
concentration	O
of	O
caffeine	O
.	O

We	O
describe	O
a	O
25	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
woman	O
with	O
pre	O
-	O
existing	O
mitral	O
valve	O
prolapse	O
who	O
developed	T-0
intractable	O
ventricular	O
fibrillation	O
after	O
consuming	T-1
a	O
"	O
natural	O
energy	O
"	O
guarana	O
health	O
drink	O
containing	O
a	O
high	O
concentration	T-2
of	T-2
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

Conformationally	T-1
restricted	T-2
analogs	T-2
of	T-0
BD1008	B-Chemical
and	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	O
targeting	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
produce	T-3
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	O
effects	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Conformationally	O
restricted	T-0
analogs	O
of	O
BD1008	O
and	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	B-Chemical
targeting	T-2
sigma1	O
receptors	O
produce	T-1
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	O
effects	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Conformationally	O
restricted	O
analogs	O
of	O
BD1008	O
and	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	O
targeting	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
produce	T-0
anti	T-1
-	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
effects	T-2
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
'	O
s	O
ability	T-0
to	T-0
interact	O
with	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
suggests	T-1
that	O
these	O
proteins	O
mediate	O
some	O
of	O
its	O
behavioral	O
effects	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
three	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
with	O
antagonist	O
activity	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
:	O
BD1018	B-Chemical
(	T-0
3S	T-0
-	T-0
1	T-0
-	T-0
[	T-0
2	T-0
-	T-0
(	T-0
3	T-0
,	T-0
4	T-0
-	T-0
dichlorophenyl	T-0
)	T-0
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
,	O
BD1063	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
4	O
-	O
methylpiperazine	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
LR132	O
(	O
1R	O
,	O
2S	O
-	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cis	O
-	O
N	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
pyrrolidinyl	O
)	O
cyclohexylamine	O
)	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
three	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
with	O
antagonist	O
activity	O
were	O
evaluated	T-0
in	O
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
:	O
BD1018	O
(	O
3S	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diazabicyclo	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
nonane	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
BD1063	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
4	O
-	O
methylpiperazine	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
LR132	O
(	O
1R	O
,	O
2S	O
-	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cis	O
-	O
N	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
pyrrolidinyl	O
)	O
cyclohexylamine	O
)	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
three	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
with	O
antagonist	O
activity	O
were	O
evaluated	O
in	O
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
:	O
BD1018	O
(	O
3S	T-0
-	T-0
1	T-0
-	T-0
[	T-0
2	T-0
-	T-0
(	T-0
3	T-0
,	T-0
4	T-0
-	T-0
dichlorophenyl	T-0
)	T-0
ethyl	T-0
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
4	O
-	O
methylpiperazine	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
LR132	O
(	O
1R	O
,	O
2S	O
-	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cis	O
-	O
N	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
pyrrolidinyl	O
)	O
cyclohexylamine	O
)	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
three	O
novel	O
sigma	T-2
receptor	T-2
ligands	O
with	O
antagonist	O
activity	O
were	O
evaluated	T-1
in	O
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
:	O
BD1018	O
(	O
3S	T-0
-	T-0
1	T-0
-	T-0
[	T-0
2	T-0
-	T-0
(	T-0
3	T-0
,	T-0
4	T-0
-	T-0
dichlorophenyl	T-0
)	T-0
ethyl	T-0
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
,	O
BD1063	O
(	O
1	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methylpiperazine	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
LR132	O
(	O
1R	O
,	O
2S	O
-	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cis	O
-	O
N	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
pyrrolidinyl	O
)	O
cyclohexylamine	O
)	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
three	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
with	O
antagonist	O
activity	O
were	O
evaluated	T-0
in	T-0
Swiss	O
Webster	O
mice	O
:	O
BD1018	O
(	O
3S	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
,	O
BD1063	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
4	O
-	O
methylpiperazine	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
LR132	B-Chemical
(	O
1R	O
,	O
2S	O
-	O
(	O
+	O
)	O
-	O
cis	O
-	O
N	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
1	O
-	O
pyrrolidinyl	O
)	O
cyclohexylamine	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
compounds	O
vary	O
in	O
their	O
affinities	O
for	O
sigma2	O
receptors	O
and	O
exhibit	T-1
negligible	O
affinities	O
for	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
opioid	O
,	O
GABA	T-0
(	O
A	O
)	O
and	O
NMDA	O
receptors	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
compounds	O
vary	O
in	O
their	O
affinities	O
for	O
sigma2	O
receptors	O
and	O
exhibit	O
negligible	O
affinities	O
for	O
dopamine	O
,	O
opioid	T-0
,	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	T-2
A	T-2
)	T-2
and	O
NMDA	O
receptors	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
compounds	O
vary	O
in	O
their	O
affinities	O
for	O
sigma2	O
receptors	O
and	O
exhibit	T-0
negligible	O
affinities	O
for	O
dopamine	T-3
,	T-3
opioid	T-3
,	T-3
GABA	T-3
(	T-3
A	T-3
)	T-3
and	O
NMDA	B-Chemical
receptors	T-4
.	O

In	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
,	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	T-2
BD1018	B-Chemical
,	O
BD1063	O
,	O
or	O
LR132	O
significantly	T-0
attenuated	T-0
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
convulsions	O
and	O
lethality	O
.	O

In	O
behavioral	T-1
studies	T-1
,	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	T-2
of	O
mice	O
with	O
BD1018	O
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
LR132	O
significantly	O
attenuated	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-3
convulsions	O
and	O
lethality	O
.	O

In	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
,	O
pre	T-1
-	T-1
treatment	T-1
of	T-1
mice	T-1
with	O
BD1018	O
,	O
BD1063	T-0
,	O
or	O
LR132	B-Chemical
significantly	T-2
attenuated	T-2
cocaine	T-3
-	T-3
induced	T-3
convulsions	T-3
and	T-3
lethality	T-3
.	O

In	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
,	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
BD1018	O
,	O
BD1063	O
,	O
or	O
LR132	O
significantly	T-1
attenuated	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
convulsions	T-2
and	O
lethality	T-3
.	O

In	O
behavioral	O
studies	O
,	O
pre	O
-	O
treatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
BD1018	O
,	O
BD1063	O
,	O
or	O
LR132	O
significantly	O
attenuated	T-1
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
convulsions	B-Disease
and	O
lethality	T-0
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
post	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
LR132	B-Chemical
prevented	T-2
cocaine	T-0
-	O
induced	T-3
lethality	O
in	O
a	O
significant	O
proportion	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
post	O
-	O
treatment	T-2
with	O
LR132	O
prevented	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-3
lethality	O
in	O
a	O
significant	O
proportion	O
of	O
animals	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
protection	O
provided	T-1
by	T-1
the	O
putative	O
antagonists	O
,	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
characterized	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
di	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
o	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
tolylguanidine	I-Chemical
(	O
DTG	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
BD1031	O
(	O
3R	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
each	O
worsened	T-2
the	O
behavioral	O
toxicity	O
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	T-1
to	O
the	O
protection	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
putative	O
antagonists	O
,	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
characterized	O
sigma	O
receptor	T-2
agonist	O
di	O
-	O
o	O
-	O
tolylguanidine	O
(	O
DTG	B-Chemical
)	O
and	O
the	O
novel	T-0
sigma	T-0
receptor	T-0
agonist	T-0
BD1031	T-0
(	O
3R	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
each	O
worsened	O
the	O
behavioral	O
toxicity	T-3
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
protection	T-2
provided	T-2
by	T-2
the	O
putative	O
antagonists	O
,	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
characterized	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
di	O
-	O
o	O
-	O
tolylguanidine	O
(	O
DTG	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
novel	T-5
sigma	T-5
receptor	T-5
agonist	T-5
BD1031	B-Chemical
(	O
3R	T-0
-	T-0
1	T-0
-	T-0
[	T-0
2	T-0
-	T-0
(	T-0
3	T-0
,	T-0
4	T-0
-	T-0
dichlorophenyl	T-0
)	O
ethyl	T-1
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
each	T-6
worsened	T-6
the	O
behavioral	T-4
toxicity	T-4
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
protection	O
provided	T-1
by	T-1
the	O
putative	O
antagonists	O
,	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
characterized	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
di	T-3
-	T-3
o	T-3
-	T-3
tolylguanidine	T-3
(	O
DTG	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
BD1031	T-4
(	O
3R	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
2	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
dichlorophenyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
ethyl	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
1	I-Chemical
,	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
diazabicyclo	I-Chemical
[	I-Chemical
4	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
3	I-Chemical
.	I-Chemical
0	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
nonane	I-Chemical
)	O
each	O
worsened	T-2
the	O
behavioral	T-0
toxicity	T-0
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
protection	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
putative	O
antagonists	O
,	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
characterized	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
di	O
-	O
o	O
-	O
tolylguanidine	O
(	O
DTG	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
BD1031	O
(	O
3R	T-0
-	T-0
1	T-0
-	T-0
[	T-0
2	T-0
-	T-0
(	T-0
3	T-0
,	T-0
4	T-0
-	T-0
dichlorophenyl	T-0
)	T-0
ethyl	T-0
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
each	O
worsened	T-2
the	O
behavioral	O
toxicity	B-Disease
of	T-3
cocaine	T-3
.	T-2

In	O
contrast	O
to	O
the	O
protection	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
putative	O
antagonists	O
,	O
the	O
well	O
-	O
characterized	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
di	O
-	O
o	O
-	O
tolylguanidine	O
(	T-1
DTG	T-1
)	T-1
and	O
the	O
novel	O
sigma	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
BD1031	O
(	O
3R	O
-	O
1	O
-	O
[	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
3	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
dichlorophenyl	O
)	O
ethyl	O
]	O
-	O
1	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
diazabicyclo	O
[	O
4	O
.	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
]	O
nonane	O
)	O
each	O
worsened	T-0
the	O
behavioral	O
toxicity	T-3
of	T-3
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

At	O
doses	O
where	O
alone	O
,	O
they	T-2
produced	T-2
no	T-3
significant	T-3
effects	T-3
on	O
locomotion	O
,	O
BD1018	B-Chemical
,	O
BD1063	T-0
and	O
LR132	T-1
significantly	O
attenuated	O
the	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

At	O
doses	O
where	O
alone	O
,	O
they	O
produced	O
no	T-1
significant	T-1
effects	T-1
on	O
locomotion	O
,	O
BD1018	O
,	O
BD1063	B-Chemical
and	O
LR132	O
significantly	T-0
attenuated	T-0
the	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

At	O
doses	T-3
where	O
alone	O
,	O
they	O
produced	O
no	O
significant	T-4
effects	T-4
on	O
locomotion	O
,	O
BD1018	T-0
,	O
BD1063	T-1
and	O
LR132	B-Chemical
significantly	T-6
attenuated	T-6
the	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	T-5
effects	T-5
of	O
cocaine	T-2
.	O

At	O
doses	O
where	O
alone	O
,	O
they	O
produced	O
no	O
significant	O
effects	O
on	O
locomotion	O
,	O
BD1018	T-0
,	O
BD1063	T-1
and	O
LR132	T-2
significantly	O
attenuated	O
the	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	T-3
of	T-3
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

To	O
further	O
validate	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
effects	O
of	O
the	O
novel	O
ligands	O
involved	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
,	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	O
against	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
was	O
also	O
shown	O
to	O
significantly	O
attenuate	O
the	O
convulsive	T-0
and	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

To	O
further	O
validate	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
novel	O
ligands	O
involved	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
,	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	B-Chemical
against	O
sigma1	T-1
receptors	O
was	T-0
also	T-0
shown	T-0
to	O
significantly	O
attenuate	O
the	O
convulsive	O
and	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

To	O
further	O
validate	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
novel	O
ligands	O
involved	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
,	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	O
against	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
was	O
also	O
shown	O
to	O
significantly	O
attenuate	T-2
the	T-2
convulsive	B-Disease
and	O
locomotor	T-0
stimulatory	T-0
effects	T-0
of	O
cocaine	O
.	O

To	O
further	O
validate	O
the	O
hypothesis	O
that	O
the	O
anti	O
-	O
cocaine	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
novel	O
ligands	O
involved	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	O
,	O
an	O
antisense	O
oligodeoxynucleotide	T-0
against	O
sigma1	O
receptors	O
was	O
also	O
shown	O
to	O
significantly	O
attenuate	O
the	O
convulsive	O
and	O
locomotor	O
stimulatory	O
effects	T-1
of	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
.	O

Together	O
,	O
the	O
data	O
suggests	O
that	O
functional	O
antagonism	O
of	O
sigma	O
receptors	T-0
is	O
capable	O
of	O
attenuating	T-2
a	T-2
number	T-2
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-3
behaviors	T-3
.	O

Ranitidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
acute	T-2
interstitial	T-2
nephritis	T-2
in	O
a	O
cadaveric	O
renal	O
allograft	O
.	O

Ranitidine	T-2
-	T-2
induced	T-2
acute	T-2
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
cadaveric	T-3
renal	T-3
allograft	T-3
.	O

Ranitidine	B-Chemical
frequently	O
is	T-0
used	T-0
for	O
preventing	O
peptic	T-1
ulceration	T-1
after	O
renal	O
transplantation	O
.	O

This	O
drug	T-0
occasionally	O
has	O
been	O
associated	O
with	O
acute	T-1
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	O
native	O
kidneys	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
ranitidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
acute	T-2
interstitial	T-2
nephritis	T-2
in	O
a	O
recipient	O
of	O
a	O
cadaveric	O
renal	O
allograft	O
presenting	O
with	O
acute	O
allograft	O
dysfunction	O
within	O
48	O
hours	O
of	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
drug	T-1
.	O

We	O
report	T-0
a	T-0
case	T-0
of	O
ranitidine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
acute	O
interstitial	B-Disease
nephritis	I-Disease
in	T-3
a	T-3
recipient	T-3
of	O
a	O
cadaveric	O
renal	O
allograft	O
presenting	O
with	O
acute	O
allograft	O
dysfunction	O
within	O
48	O
hours	O
of	O
exposure	O
to	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
caused	T-1
by	T-1
propylthiouracil	T-0
.	O

Liver	T-0
disease	O
caused	T-1
by	T-1
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
report	O
presents	O
the	O
clinical	O
,	O
laboratory	O
,	O
and	O
light	O
and	O
electron	O
microscopic	O
observations	O
on	T-2
a	T-2
patient	T-2
with	T-2
chronic	B-Disease
active	I-Disease
(	I-Disease
aggressive	I-Disease
)	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
caused	T-3
by	T-3
the	T-3
administration	O
of	O
propylthiouracil	T-0
.	O

This	O
report	O
presents	O
the	O
clinical	O
,	O
laboratory	O
,	O
and	O
light	O
and	O
electron	O
microscopic	O
observations	O
on	O
a	O
patient	O
with	O
chronic	O
active	O
(	T-0
aggressive	T-0
)	T-0
hepatitis	T-3
caused	T-2
by	T-2
the	O
administration	T-1
of	T-1
propylthiouracil	B-Chemical
.	O

This	O
is	O
an	O
addition	O
to	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
must	O
be	O
considered	O
in	O
the	O
evaluation	T-0
of	T-0
chronic	T-1
liver	B-Disease
disease	I-Disease
.	O

Withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
rabbit	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
during	T-1
dose	O
reduction	O
of	O
risperidone	T-0
.	O

Withdrawal	O
-	O
emergent	O
rabbit	O
syndrome	T-1
during	T-0
dose	T-2
reduction	T-2
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

Rabbit	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
RS	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
rare	T-2
extrapyramidal	T-2
side	T-2
effect	T-2
caused	T-1
by	O
prolonged	T-3
neuroleptic	T-3
medication	T-3
.	O

Rabbit	T-1
syndrome	T-1
(	O
RS	B-Disease
)	O
is	T-0
a	T-0
rare	T-0
extrapyramidal	T-0
side	O
effect	O
caused	O
by	O
prolonged	O
neuroleptic	O
medication	O
.	O

Here	O
we	O
present	O
a	O
case	T-2
of	T-2
withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
RS	I-Disease
,	O
which	T-1
is	T-1
the	T-1
first	T-1
of	T-1
its	T-1
kind	T-1
to	T-1
be	T-1
reported	T-1
.	O

The	O
patient	O
developed	O
RS	B-Disease
during	T-0
dose	T-0
reduction	T-0
of	T-0
risperidone	T-0
.	O

The	O
patient	O
developed	O
RS	O
during	O
dose	T-0
reduction	T-0
of	T-0
risperidone	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
symptom	O
was	T-0
treated	T-1
successfully	O
with	O
trihexyphenidyl	B-Chemical
anticholinergic	O
therapy	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
mechanism	T-1
of	T-1
withdrawal	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
emergent	I-Disease
RS	I-Disease
in	O
the	O
present	O
case	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
profile	O
of	O
risperidone	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	O
-	O
dopamine	O
antagonist	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
pathophysiologic	O
influence	T-2
of	T-2
the	O
serotonin	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
RS	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
withdrawal	O
-	O
emergent	O
RS	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
case	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
profile	O
of	O
risperidone	B-Chemical
,	O
a	T-0
serotonin	T-0
-	O
dopamine	O
antagonist	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
pathophysiologic	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
serotonin	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
RS	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
withdrawal	O
-	O
emergent	O
RS	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
case	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
profile	O
of	O
risperidone	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	O
-	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
antagonist	T-1
,	O
suggesting	T-0
the	T-0
pathophysiologic	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
serotonin	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
RS	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
withdrawal	O
-	O
emergent	O
RS	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
case	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
profile	O
of	O
risperidone	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	O
-	O
dopamine	O
antagonist	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
pathophysiologic	T-0
influence	T-2
of	T-2
the	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
system	T-1
in	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
RS	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
withdrawal	O
-	O
emergent	O
RS	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
case	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
pharmacological	O
profile	O
of	O
risperidone	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	O
-	O
dopamine	O
antagonist	O
,	O
suggesting	O
the	O
pathophysiologic	O
influence	O
of	O
the	O
serotonin	O
system	O
in	O
the	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
RS	B-Disease
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
assessment	O
of	O
the	O
effects	T-1
of	T-1
E4031	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	O
,	O
terfenadine	O
and	O
terodiline	O
on	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	T-0
duration	T-0
in	T-0
dog	T-0
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
assessment	O
of	O
the	O
effects	T-0
of	O
E4031	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
,	O
terfenadine	O
and	O
terodiline	O
on	O
monophasic	T-2
action	T-2
potential	T-2
duration	T-2
in	T-2
dog	T-2
.	T-2

Pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
assessment	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
effects	T-1
of	T-1
E4031	O
,	O
cisapride	O
,	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
and	O
terodiline	O
on	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	O
duration	O
in	O
dog	O
.	O

Pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
assessment	O
of	O
the	O
effects	T-1
of	T-1
E4031	O
,	O
cisapride	O
,	O
terfenadine	O
and	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
on	O
monophasic	T-0
action	T-0
potential	O
duration	O
in	O
dog	O
.	O

Torsades	B-Disease
de	I-Disease
pointes	I-Disease
(	O
TDP	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
potentially	T-0
fatal	O
ventricular	O
tachycardia	O
associated	T-1
with	O
increases	O
in	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	O
duration	O
(	O
MAPD	O
)	O
.	O

Torsades	O
de	O
pointes	O
(	O
TDP	B-Disease
)	O
is	T-1
a	T-1
potentially	O
fatal	O
ventricular	O
tachycardia	O
associated	O
with	O
increases	O
in	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
monophasic	O
action	O
potential	O
duration	O
(	O
MAPD	O
)	O
.	T-0

TDP	B-Disease
is	O
a	O
side	T-0
-	T-0
effect	T-0
that	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
withdrawal	T-1
of	O
several	O
drugs	O
from	O
the	O
market	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
terfenadine	O
and	O
terodiline	O
)	O
.	O

TDP	O
is	O
a	O
side	T-1
-	T-1
effect	T-1
that	O
has	O
led	T-2
to	T-2
withdrawal	T-2
of	T-0
several	O
drugs	O
from	O
the	O
market	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
and	O
terodiline	O
)	O
.	O

TDP	O
is	O
a	O
side	T-0
-	T-0
effect	T-0
that	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
withdrawal	O
of	O
several	O
drugs	T-1
from	O
the	O
market	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
terfenadine	O
and	T-2
terodiline	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

The	O
potential	O
of	O
compounds	O
to	O
cause	T-0
TDP	B-Disease
was	O
evaluated	T-1
by	O
monitoring	O
their	O
effects	T-2
on	O
MAPD	O
in	O
dog	O
.	O

Four	O
compounds	O
known	O
to	O
increase	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
cause	T-0
TDP	B-Disease
were	O
investigated	O
:	O
terfenadine	O
,	O
terodiline	O
,	O
cisapride	O
and	O
E4031	O
.	O

Four	O
compounds	T-0
known	T-0
to	T-0
increase	T-0
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
cause	O
TDP	O
were	O
investigated	O
:	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
,	O
terodiline	O
,	O
cisapride	O
and	O
E4031	O
.	O

Four	O
compounds	T-2
known	O
to	O
increase	T-0
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
cause	T-1
TDP	O
were	O
investigated	T-3
:	O
terfenadine	O
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	O
and	O
E4031	O
.	O

Four	O
compounds	O
known	O
to	O
increase	O
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
cause	O
TDP	O
were	O
investigated	O
:	O
terfenadine	O
,	O
terodiline	T-0
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
and	T-1
E4031	T-1
.	O

Four	T-0
compounds	T-0
known	O
to	T-1
increase	T-1
QT	O
interval	O
and	O
cause	T-2
TDP	O
were	T-3
investigated	T-3
:	O
terfenadine	O
,	O
terodiline	O
,	O
cisapride	O
and	O
E4031	B-Chemical
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
free	O
ED50	O
in	T-1
plasma	T-1
for	T-0
terfenadine	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
terodiline	O
(	O
76	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
cisapride	O
(	O
11	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
E4031	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
closely	O
correlate	O
with	O
the	O
free	O
concentration	O
in	O
man	O
causing	O
QT	O
effects	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	O
that	O
the	O
free	O
ED50	O
in	O
plasma	O
for	O
terfenadine	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
(	O
76	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
cisapride	O
(	O
11	O
nM	O
)	O
and	O
E4031	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
closely	O
correlate	T-0
with	T-0
the	O
free	O
concentration	O
in	O
man	O
causing	O
QT	O
effects	O
.	O

These	T-0
data	T-0
indicate	T-0
that	O
the	O
free	O
ED50	O
in	O
plasma	O
for	O
terfenadine	O
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
terodiline	T-1
(	T-1
76	T-1
nM	T-1
)	T-1
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
(	O
11	O
nM	O
)	O
and	T-2
E4031	T-2
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
closely	O
correlate	O
with	O
the	O
free	O
concentration	O
in	O
man	O
causing	O
QT	O
effects	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
indicate	T-3
that	O
the	O
free	T-0
ED50	T-0
in	T-0
plasma	T-0
for	T-0
terfenadine	T-0
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
,	O
terodiline	T-1
(	T-1
76	T-1
nM	T-1
)	T-1
,	T-1
cisapride	T-1
(	T-1
11	T-1
nM	T-1
)	T-1
and	T-2
E4031	B-Chemical
(	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
nM	O
)	O
closely	O
correlate	T-4
with	O
the	O
free	O
concentration	O
in	O
man	O
causing	O
QT	O
effects	T-5
.	O

For	O
compounds	O
that	T-1
have	T-1
shown	T-1
TDP	B-Disease
in	T-2
the	T-2
clinic	T-2
(	O
terfenadine	O
,	O
terodiline	O
,	O
cisapride	O
)	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
differentiation	O
between	O
the	O
dog	O
ED50	O
and	O
the	O
efficacious	O
free	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
in	O
man	O
(	O
<	O
10	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
reflecting	O
their	O
limited	O
safety	O
margins	O
.	O

For	O
compounds	T-0
that	O
have	O
shown	O
TDP	O
in	O
the	O
clinic	O
(	O
terfenadine	B-Chemical
,	O
terodiline	O
,	O
cisapride	O
)	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
differentiation	T-1
between	O
the	O
dog	O
ED50	O
and	O
the	O
efficacious	O
free	O
plasma	O
concentrations	T-2
in	O
man	O
(	O
<	O
10	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
reflecting	O
their	O
limited	O
safety	O
margins	O
.	O

For	O
compounds	T-0
that	O
have	O
shown	O
TDP	O
in	O
the	O
clinic	O
(	O
terfenadine	O
,	O
terodiline	B-Chemical
,	O
cisapride	O
)	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
differentiation	O
between	O
the	O
dog	O
ED50	O
and	O
the	O
efficacious	O
free	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
in	O
man	O
(	O
<	O
10	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
reflecting	O
their	O
limited	O
safety	O
margins	O
.	O

For	O
compounds	O
that	O
have	O
shown	T-0
TDP	T-0
in	O
the	O
clinic	O
(	O
terfenadine	O
,	O
terodiline	O
,	O
cisapride	B-Chemical
)	O
there	T-1
is	T-1
little	T-1
differentiation	T-1
between	O
the	O
dog	O
ED50	O
and	O
the	O
efficacious	O
free	O
plasma	O
concentrations	O
in	O
man	O
(	O
<	O
10	O
-	O
fold	O
)	O
reflecting	O
their	O
limited	O
safety	O
margins	O
.	O

These	O
data	O
underline	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
maximize	O
the	O
therapeutic	T-0
ratio	T-0
with	O
respect	O
to	O
TDP	B-Disease
in	O
potential	O
development	O
candidates	O
and	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
using	O
free	O
drug	O
concentrations	O
in	O
pharmacokinetic	O
/	O
pharmacodynamic	O
studies	O
.	O

Bladder	T-0
retention	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
urine	I-Disease
as	T-1
a	T-1
result	T-1
of	O
continuous	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
of	O
fentanyl	O
:	O
2	O
case	T-2
reports	T-2
.	O

Bladder	O
retention	O
of	O
urine	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
continuous	O
intravenous	O
infusion	T-1
of	T-1
fentanyl	B-Chemical
:	O
2	O
case	O
reports	O
.	O

Sedation	O
has	O
been	O
commonly	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
neonate	O
to	O
decrease	T-1
the	T-1
stress	O
and	O
pain	B-Disease
from	T-2
the	O
noxious	O
stimuli	O
and	O
invasive	O
procedures	O
in	O
the	O
neonatal	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
to	O
facilitate	O
synchrony	O
between	O
ventilator	O
and	O
spontaneous	O
breaths	O
.	O

Fentanyl	B-Chemical
,	O
an	T-0
opioid	T-0
analgesic	T-0
,	O
is	O
frequently	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
neonatal	O
intensive	O
care	O
unit	O
setting	O
for	O
these	O
very	O
purposes	O
.	O

Various	O
reported	O
side	T-1
effects	T-1
of	T-0
fentanyl	B-Chemical
administration	T-2
include	O
chest	O
wall	O
rigidity	O
,	O
hypotension	O
,	O
respiratory	O
depression	O
,	O
and	O
bradycardia	O
.	O

Various	O
reported	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
fentanyl	O
administration	T-3
include	T-3
chest	B-Disease
wall	I-Disease
rigidity	I-Disease
,	O
hypotension	T-1
,	O
respiratory	T-2
depression	O
,	O
and	O
bradycardia	O
.	T-2

Various	T-2
reported	T-2
side	T-2
effects	T-2
of	O
fentanyl	O
administration	O
include	T-3
chest	T-0
wall	T-0
rigidity	T-0
,	O
hypotension	B-Disease
,	O
respiratory	T-1
depression	T-1
,	O
and	O
bradycardia	O
.	O

Various	O
reported	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
fentanyl	O
administration	O
include	O
chest	O
wall	O
rigidity	O
,	O
hypotension	T-0
,	O
respiratory	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
,	O
and	T-1
bradycardia	T-1
.	O

Various	O
reported	O
side	O
effects	O
of	O
fentanyl	O
administration	O
include	O
chest	O
wall	O
rigidity	O
,	O
hypotension	O
,	O
respiratory	O
depression	O
,	O
and	T-0
bradycardia	B-Disease
.	O

Here	O
,	O
2	T-1
cases	T-1
of	T-1
urinary	B-Disease
bladder	I-Disease
retention	I-Disease
leading	O
to	O
renal	O
pelvocalyceal	O
dilatation	O
mimicking	O
hydronephrosis	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
continuous	O
infusion	O
of	O
fentanyl	O
are	O
reported	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
retention	O
leading	O
to	O
renal	O
pelvocalyceal	O
dilatation	O
mimicking	O
hydronephrosis	B-Disease
as	T-0
a	T-0
result	T-0
of	T-0
continuous	T-0
infusion	T-0
of	O
fentanyl	O
are	O
reported	O
.	O

Here	O
,	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
urinary	O
bladder	O
retention	O
leading	O
to	O
renal	O
pelvocalyceal	O
dilatation	O
mimicking	O
hydronephrosis	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
continuous	O
infusion	T-0
of	T-0
fentanyl	B-Chemical
are	O
reported	O
.	O

Fatal	T-1
myeloencephalopathy	B-Disease
due	T-0
to	T-0
accidental	O
intrathecal	O
vincristin	O
administration	O
:	O
a	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

Fatal	O
myeloencephalopathy	O
due	O
to	O
accidental	T-0
intrathecal	T-0
vincristin	B-Chemical
administration	T-1
:	O
a	O
report	O
of	O
two	O
cases	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
two	O
fatal	O
cases	O
of	O
accidental	O
intrathecal	T-0
vincristine	B-Chemical
instillation	T-1
in	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
girl	O
with	O
recurrent	O
acute	O
lymphoblastic	O
leucemia	O
and	O
a	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
lymphoblastic	O
lymphoma	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
two	O
fatal	O
cases	O
of	O
accidental	O
intrathecal	O
vincristine	O
instillation	O
in	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
girl	O
with	O
recurrent	T-0
acute	B-Disease
lymphoblastic	I-Disease
leucemia	I-Disease
and	O
a	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
man	O
with	O
lymphoblastic	O
lymphoma	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
on	O
two	O
fatal	O
cases	O
of	O
accidental	O
intrathecal	O
vincristine	O
instillation	O
in	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
year	O
old	O
girl	O
with	O
recurrent	O
acute	O
lymphoblastic	O
leucemia	O
and	O
a	O
57	O
-	O
year	O
old	T-0
man	T-0
with	T-0
lymphoblastic	B-Disease
lymphoma	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
girl	O
died	T-0
seven	T-0
days	T-0
,	O
the	O
man	O
four	O
weeks	O
after	T-1
intrathecal	T-1
injection	T-1
of	T-1
vincristine	B-Chemical
.	O

Clinically	O
,	O
the	O
onset	O
was	O
characterized	T-0
by	T-0
the	T-0
signs	T-0
of	T-0
opistothonus	B-Disease
,	I-Disease
sensory	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
motor	I-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
and	O
ascending	O
paralysis	O
.	O

Clinically	O
,	O
the	O
onset	O
was	O
characterized	O
by	O
the	O
signs	O
of	O
opistothonus	O
,	O
sensory	O
and	O
motor	O
dysfunction	O
and	T-0
ascending	T-0
paralysis	B-Disease
.	O

Histological	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
investigations	T-0
(	O
HE	O
-	O
LFB	O
,	O
CD	O
-	O
68	O
,	O
Neurofilament	O
)	O
revealed	T-1
degeneration	B-Disease
of	I-Disease
myelin	I-Disease
and	I-Disease
axons	I-Disease
as	O
well	O
as	O
pseudocystic	O
transformation	O
in	O
areas	O
exposed	O
to	O
vincristine	O
,	O
accompanied	O
by	O
secondary	O
changes	O
with	O
numerous	O
prominent	O
macrophages	T-2
.	T-2

Histological	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
investigations	O
(	O
HE	O
-	O
LFB	O
,	O
CD	O
-	O
68	O
,	O
Neurofilament	O
)	O
revealed	T-0
degeneration	O
of	O
myelin	O
and	O
axons	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
pseudocystic	B-Disease
transformation	I-Disease
in	O
areas	O
exposed	T-1
to	O
vincristine	O
,	O
accompanied	O
by	O
secondary	O
changes	O
with	O
numerous	O
prominent	O
macrophages	O
.	O

Histological	O
and	O
immunohistochemical	O
investigations	O
(	O
HE	O
-	O
LFB	O
,	O
CD	O
-	O
68	O
,	O
Neurofilament	O
)	O
revealed	O
degeneration	O
of	O
myelin	O
and	O
axons	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
pseudocystic	O
transformation	O
in	O
areas	O
exposed	T-0
to	T-0
vincristine	B-Chemical
,	O
accompanied	T-1
by	T-1
secondary	O
changes	O
with	O
numerous	O
prominent	O
macrophages	O
.	O

A	O
better	T-2
controlled	T-2
regimen	T-2
for	T-2
administering	T-2
vincristine	B-Chemical
and	T-1
intrathecal	T-3
chemotherapy	T-3
is	T-3
recommended	T-3
.	T-3

Palpebral	O
twitching	O
in	T-0
a	T-0
depressed	B-Disease
adolescent	O
on	O
citalopram	O
.	O

Palpebral	O
twitching	O
in	O
a	O
depressed	O
adolescent	T-0
on	T-0
citalopram	B-Chemical
.	O

Current	O
estimates	O
suggest	O
that	O
between	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
children	T-0
and	T-0
adolescents	T-0
are	T-0
affected	T-0
by	T-0
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
favorable	O
response	O
to	T-0
treatment	T-0
with	T-0
citalopram	B-Chemical
by	T-1
a	T-1
15	T-1
-	T-1
year	T-1
-	O
old	O
boy	O
with	O
major	O
depression	O
who	O
exhibited	O
palpebral	O
twitching	O
during	O
his	O
first	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
favorable	O
response	T-0
to	O
treatment	O
with	O
citalopram	O
by	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
with	O
major	B-Disease
depression	I-Disease
who	O
exhibited	T-1
palpebral	O
twitching	O
during	O
his	O
first	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
favorable	T-0
response	T-0
to	T-0
treatment	T-0
with	O
citalopram	O
by	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
boy	O
with	O
major	O
depression	O
who	O
exhibited	T-3
palpebral	B-Disease
twitching	I-Disease
during	O
his	O
first	T-2
2	T-2
weeks	T-2
of	T-2
treatment	T-2
.	O

This	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
side	T-1
effect	T-1
of	T-1
citalopram	B-Chemical
as	T-0
it	T-0
remitted	T-0
with	O
redistribution	O
of	O
doses	O
.	O

The	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
syndrome	T-0
strikes	T-1
again	T-1
.	O

A	O
34	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
lady	O
developed	T-2
a	T-2
constellation	T-2
of	T-2
dermatitis	B-Disease
,	O
fever	T-1
,	O
lymphadenopathy	O
and	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
beginning	O
on	O
the	O
17th	O
day	O
of	O
a	O
course	O
of	O
oral	O
sulphasalazine	O
for	O
sero	O
-	O
negative	O
rheumatoid	O
arthritis	O
.	O

A	O
34	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
lady	O
developed	T-1
a	O
constellation	O
of	O
dermatitis	O
,	O
fever	B-Disease
,	O
lymphadenopathy	O
and	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
beginning	O
on	O
the	O
17th	O
day	O
of	O
a	O
course	T-0
of	T-0
oral	T-0
sulphasalazine	T-0
for	T-0
sero	T-0
-	O
negative	O
rheumatoid	O
arthritis	O
.	O

A	O
34	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
lady	O
developed	T-0
a	T-0
constellation	O
of	O
dermatitis	O
,	O
fever	T-1
,	O
lymphadenopathy	B-Disease
and	T-2
hepatitis	T-2
,	O
beginning	O
on	O
the	O
17th	O
day	O
of	O
a	O
course	O
of	O
oral	O
sulphasalazine	O
for	O
sero	O
-	O
negative	O
rheumatoid	O
arthritis	O
.	O

A	O
34	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
lady	O
developed	O
a	O
constellation	O
of	O
dermatitis	O
,	O
fever	O
,	O
lymphadenopathy	O
and	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
beginning	O
on	O
the	O
17th	O
day	O
of	O
a	O
course	T-1
of	T-1
oral	T-1
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
for	O
sero	O
-	O
negative	O
rheumatoid	O
arthritis	O
.	O

A	O
34	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
lady	O
developed	O
a	O
constellation	O
of	O
dermatitis	O
,	O
fever	O
,	O
lymphadenopathy	O
and	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
beginning	O
on	O
the	O
17th	O
day	O
of	O
a	O
course	O
of	O
oral	O
sulphasalazine	O
for	O
sero	O
-	O
negative	T-0
rheumatoid	B-Disease
arthritis	I-Disease
.	O

Cervical	O
and	O
inguinal	O
lymph	O
node	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
the	O
features	T-2
of	T-2
severe	T-2
necrotising	T-2
lymphadenitis	B-Disease
,	O
associated	O
with	O
erythrophagocytosis	O
and	O
prominent	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltrates	O
,	O
without	O
viral	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O
A	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
fulminant	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
anti	O
-	O
nuclear	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	O
markers	O
of	O
autoimmunity	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
accompanied	O
by	O
multi	T-1
-	T-1
organ	T-1
failure	T-1
and	O
sepsis	O
,	O
supervened	O
.	O

Cervical	O
and	O
inguinal	O
lymph	O
node	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
severe	O
necrotising	O
lymphadenitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
erythrophagocytosis	O
and	O
prominent	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltrates	O
,	O
without	O
viral	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	B-Disease
drug	I-Disease
reaction	I-Disease
.	O
A	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
fulminant	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
anti	O
-	O
nuclear	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	O
markers	O
of	O
autoimmunity	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
accompanied	O
by	O
multi	T-0
-	T-0
organ	T-0
failure	T-0
and	O
sepsis	O
,	O
supervened	O
.	O

Cervical	T-0
and	T-0
inguinal	T-0
lymph	T-0
node	T-0
biopsies	T-0
showed	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
severe	O
necrotising	O
lymphadenitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
erythrophagocytosis	O
and	O
prominent	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltrates	O
,	O
without	O
viral	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O
A	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
fulminant	O
drug	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
induced	I-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
associated	T-1
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
anti	O
-	O
nuclear	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	O
markers	O
of	O
autoimmunity	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
accompanied	O
by	O
multi	O
-	O
organ	O
failure	O
and	O
sepsis	O
,	O
supervened	O
.	O

Cervical	O
and	O
inguinal	O
lymph	O
node	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
severe	O
necrotising	O
lymphadenitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
erythrophagocytosis	O
and	O
prominent	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltrates	O
,	O
without	O
viral	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O
A	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
fulminant	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
anti	O
-	O
nuclear	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	T-0
markers	T-0
of	T-0
autoimmunity	B-Disease
)	O
,	O
and	T-1
accompanied	T-1
by	O
multi	O
-	O
organ	O
failure	O
and	O
sepsis	O
,	O
supervened	O
.	O

Cervical	O
and	O
inguinal	O
lymph	O
node	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
severe	O
necrotising	O
lymphadenitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
erythrophagocytosis	O
and	O
prominent	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltrates	O
,	O
without	O
viral	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O
A	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
fulminant	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
anti	O
-	O
nuclear	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	O
markers	O
of	O
autoimmunity	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
accompanied	T-0
by	T-0
multi	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
organ	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
sepsis	O
,	O
supervened	O
.	O

Cervical	O
and	O
inguinal	O
lymph	O
node	O
biopsies	O
showed	O
the	O
features	O
of	O
severe	O
necrotising	O
lymphadenitis	O
,	O
associated	O
with	O
erythrophagocytosis	O
and	O
prominent	O
eosinophilic	O
infiltrates	O
,	O
without	O
viral	O
inclusion	O
bodies	O
,	O
suggestive	O
of	O
an	O
adverse	O
drug	O
reaction	O
.	O
A	O
week	O
later	O
,	O
fulminant	O
drug	T-3
-	T-3
induced	T-3
hepatitis	T-3
,	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
presence	T-2
of	T-2
anti	O
-	O
nuclear	O
autoantibodies	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
with	O
other	O
markers	O
of	O
autoimmunity	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
accompanied	O
by	O
multi	T-4
-	T-4
organ	T-4
failure	T-4
and	T-0
sepsis	B-Disease
,	O
supervened	T-1
.	O

She	O
subsequently	O
died	O
some	O
5	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
her	O
drug	O
therapy	O
.	O
Post	T-2
-	T-2
mortem	T-2
examination	T-2
showed	T-2
evidence	T-2
of	T-2
massive	B-Disease
hepatocellular	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
acute	T-1
hypersensitivity	T-1
myocarditis	T-1
,	O
focal	O
acute	O
tubulo	O
-	O
interstitial	O
nephritis	O
and	O
extensive	O
bone	O
marrow	O
necrosis	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
malignancy	O
.	O

She	O
subsequently	O
died	O
some	O
5	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
her	O
drug	O
therapy	O
.	O
Post	O
-	O
mortem	O
examination	O
showed	O
evidence	O
of	O
massive	O
hepatocellular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
acute	O
hypersensitivity	O
myocarditis	O
,	O
focal	O
acute	O
tubulo	O
-	O
interstitial	T-0
nephritis	B-Disease
and	T-1
extensive	T-1
bone	O
marrow	O
necrosis	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
malignancy	O
.	O

She	O
subsequently	O
died	O
some	O
5	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
her	O
drug	O
therapy	O
.	O
Post	O
-	O
mortem	O
examination	O
showed	O
evidence	O
of	O
massive	O
hepatocellular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
acute	O
hypersensitivity	O
myocarditis	O
,	O
focal	O
acute	O
tubulo	O
-	O
interstitial	O
nephritis	O
and	O
extensive	T-0
bone	B-Disease
marrow	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
,	O
with	O
no	O
evidence	O
of	O
malignancy	O
.	O

She	O
subsequently	O
died	O
some	O
5	O
weeks	O
after	O
the	O
commencement	O
of	O
her	O
drug	O
therapy	O
.	O
Post	O
-	O
mortem	O
examination	O
showed	O
evidence	O
of	O
massive	O
hepatocellular	O
necrosis	O
,	O
acute	O
hypersensitivity	O
myocarditis	O
,	O
focal	O
acute	O
tubulo	O
-	O
interstitial	O
nephritis	O
and	O
extensive	O
bone	O
marrow	O
necrosis	O
,	O
with	O
no	T-1
evidence	T-1
of	T-1
malignancy	B-Disease
.	O

It	O
is	O
thought	O
that	O
the	O
clinico	O
-	O
pathological	O
features	O
and	O
chronology	O
of	O
this	O
case	O
bore	O
the	O
hallmarks	O
of	O
the	O
so	O
-	O
called	T-0
"	T-0
3	T-0
-	T-0
week	T-0
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
syndrome	T-1
"	O
,	O
a	O
rare	O
,	O
but	O
often	O
fatal	O
,	O
immunoallergic	O
reaction	O
to	O
sulphasalazine	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
thought	O
that	O
the	O
clinico	O
-	O
pathological	O
features	O
and	O
chronology	O
of	O
this	O
case	O
bore	O
the	O
hallmarks	O
of	O
the	O
so	O
-	O
called	O
"	O
3	O
-	O
week	O
sulphasalazine	O
syndrome	O
"	O
,	O
a	O
rare	O
,	O
but	O
often	O
fatal	O
,	O
immunoallergic	T-1
reaction	T-1
to	T-1
sulphasalazine	B-Chemical
.	O

Intravenous	T-0
administration	T-0
of	T-0
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
by	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
infusion	O
versus	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
bolus	O
does	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
akathisia	O
:	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
trial	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	O
by	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
infusion	O
versus	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
bolus	O
does	O
not	O
affect	O
the	O
incidence	T-0
of	T-0
akathisia	B-Disease
:	O
a	O
prospective	O
,	O
randomized	O
,	O
controlled	O
trial	O
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
sought	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
akathisia	B-Disease
after	O
administration	O
of	O
intravenous	T-0
prochlorperazine	T-0
as	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
bolus	O
or	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
infusion	O
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
We	O
sought	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
akathisia	O
after	O
administration	O
of	T-0
intravenous	T-0
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
as	O
a	O
2	T-1
-	T-1
minute	T-1
bolus	T-1
or	T-1
15	T-1
-	T-1
minute	T-1
infusion	T-1
.	O

Patients	O
aged	O
18	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
prochlorperazine	O
for	T-1
headache	B-Disease
,	O
nausea	O
,	O
or	O
vomiting	O
were	O
eligible	O
for	O
inclusion	O
.	O

Patients	T-0
aged	T-0
18	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
treated	T-1
with	O
prochlorperazine	O
for	O
headache	T-2
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
or	O
vomiting	T-3
were	O
eligible	O
for	O
inclusion	O
.	O

Patients	T-0
aged	O
18	O
years	O
or	O
older	O
treated	O
with	O
prochlorperazine	O
for	O
headache	O
,	O
nausea	O
,	O
or	O
vomiting	B-Disease
were	O
eligible	O
for	O
inclusion	O
.	O

Study	O
participants	O
were	O
randomized	O
to	O
receive	T-1
10	O
mg	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
administered	T-2
intravenously	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
push	O
(	O
bolus	O
group	O
)	O
or	O
10	T-0
mg	T-0
diluted	T-0
in	T-0
50	T-0
mL	T-0
of	O
normal	O
saline	O
solution	O
administered	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
during	O
a	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
period	O
(	O
infusion	O
group	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
main	O
outcome	O
was	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
study	O
participants	O
experiencing	T-1
akathisia	B-Disease
within	T-0
60	T-0
minutes	T-0
of	T-0
administration	T-0
.	O

Akathisia	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
either	O
a	O
spontaneous	O
report	O
of	O
restlessness	O
or	O
agitation	B-Disease
or	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
2	O
or	O
more	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
-	O
reported	T-0
akathisia	T-0
rating	T-0
scale	T-0
and	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
1	O
in	O
the	O
investigator	O
-	O
observed	O
akathisia	O
rating	O
scale	O
.	O

Akathisia	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
either	O
a	O
spontaneous	O
report	O
of	O
restlessness	O
or	O
agitation	O
or	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
2	O
or	O
more	O
in	O
the	O
patient	T-0
-	T-0
reported	T-0
akathisia	B-Disease
rating	O
scale	O
and	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
1	O
in	O
the	O
investigator	O
-	O
observed	O
akathisia	O
rating	O
scale	O
.	O

Akathisia	O
was	O
defined	O
as	O
either	O
a	O
spontaneous	O
report	O
of	O
restlessness	O
or	O
agitation	O
or	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
2	O
or	O
more	O
in	O
the	O
patient	O
-	O
reported	O
akathisia	O
rating	O
scale	O
and	O
a	O
change	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
1	O
in	O
the	O
investigator	O
-	O
observed	T-0
akathisia	B-Disease
rating	T-1
scale	T-1
.	O

The	O
intensity	T-1
of	T-1
headache	B-Disease
and	O
nausea	T-0
was	O
measured	O
with	O
a	O
100	O
-	O
mm	O
visual	O
analog	O
scale	O
.	O

The	O
intensity	O
of	O
headache	O
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
was	O
measured	T-0
with	T-0
a	O
100	O
-	O
mm	O
visual	O
analog	O
scale	O
.	O

Seventy	O
-	O
three	O
percent	O
(	O
73	O
/	O
99	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
participants	O
were	O
treated	T-1
for	T-1
headache	B-Disease
and	T-0
70	T-0
%	T-0
(	O
70	O
/	O
99	O
)	O
for	O
nausea	O
.	O

Seventy	O
-	O
three	O
percent	O
(	O
73	O
/	O
99	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
study	O
participants	O
were	O
treated	O
for	O
headache	O
and	O
70	O
%	O
(	O
70	O
/	O
99	O
)	O
for	T-0
nausea	B-Disease
.	O

In	O
the	O
bolus	O
group	T-0
,	O
26	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
(	O
13	O
/	O
50	O
)	O
had	T-1
akathisia	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
32	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
(	O
16	O
/	O
49	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
infusion	O
group	O
(	O
Delta	O
=	O
-	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
;	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
[	O
CI	O
]	O
-	O
24	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
11	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
bolus	O
and	O
infusion	O
groups	O
in	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
participants	O
who	O
saw	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	T-0
in	T-0
their	T-0
headache	B-Disease
intensity	T-1
within	O
30	O
minutes	O
was	O
11	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
-	O
9	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
33	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
a	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	T-0
in	T-0
their	T-0
nausea	B-Disease
was	T-1
12	T-1
.	T-1
6	T-1
%	T-1
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
to	O
29	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
A	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	T-1
in	T-1
the	T-1
incidence	T-1
of	T-1
akathisia	B-Disease
when	O
prochlorperazine	O
was	O
administered	T-0
by	O
means	O
of	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
intravenous	O
infusion	O
versus	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
intravenous	O
push	O
was	O
not	O
detected	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
A	O
50	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
akathisia	O
when	O
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	T-0
by	O
means	O
of	O
15	O
-	O
minute	O
intravenous	T-1
infusion	T-1
versus	O
a	O
2	O
-	O
minute	O
intravenous	O
push	O
was	O
not	O
detected	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	T-0
of	T-0
prochlorperazine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
treatment	T-1
of	T-1
headache	O
and	O
nausea	O
likewise	O
did	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
administration	O
,	O
although	O
no	O
formal	O
statistical	O
comparisons	O
were	O
made	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	T-1
of	T-1
headache	B-Disease
and	T-2
nausea	T-2
likewise	O
did	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
administration	O
,	O
although	O
no	O
formal	O
statistical	O
comparisons	O
were	O
made	O
.	O

The	O
efficacy	O
of	O
prochlorperazine	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	T-1
of	T-1
headache	O
and	O
nausea	B-Disease
likewise	O
did	O
not	O
appear	O
to	O
be	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
rate	O
of	O
administration	O
,	O
although	O
no	O
formal	O
statistical	O
comparisons	O
were	O
made	O
.	O

Combined	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	T-0
causes	T-1
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
and	O
elevates	T-2
plasma	O
lactate	O
in	O
transgenic	O
AIDS	O
mice	O
.	O

Combined	O
antiretroviral	T-0
therapy	T-0
causes	O
cardiomyopathy	O
and	O
elevates	O
plasma	O
lactate	B-Chemical
in	O
transgenic	O
AIDS	O
mice	O
.	O

Combined	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
causes	O
cardiomyopathy	O
and	O
elevates	T-2
plasma	O
lactate	O
in	O
transgenic	T-0
AIDS	B-Disease
mice	T-1
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
is	O
implicated	T-1
in	T-1
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
(	T-2
CM	T-2
)	T-2
and	T-0
in	T-0
elevated	T-0
plasma	T-0
lactate	T-0
(	O
LA	O
)	O
in	O
AIDS	O
through	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
is	O
implicated	T-0
in	O
cardiomyopathy	O
(	O
CM	B-Disease
)	O
and	O
in	O
elevated	O
plasma	O
lactate	O
(	O
LA	O
)	O
in	O
AIDS	O
through	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cardiomyopathy	O
(	O
CM	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
elevated	T-1
plasma	O
lactate	B-Chemical
(	O
LA	O
)	O
in	T-0
AIDS	T-0
through	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cardiomyopathy	O
(	O
CM	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
elevated	T-1
plasma	T-0
lactate	T-0
(	O
LA	B-Chemical
)	O
in	O
AIDS	O
through	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cardiomyopathy	O
(	O
CM	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
elevated	T-0
plasma	O
lactate	O
(	O
LA	O
)	O
in	O
AIDS	B-Disease
through	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
mitochondrial	O
dysfunction	O
.	O

Highly	O
active	O
antiretroviral	O
therapy	O
(	O
HAART	O
)	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cardiomyopathy	O
(	O
CM	O
)	O
and	O
in	O
elevated	O
plasma	O
lactate	O
(	O
LA	O
)	O
in	O
AIDS	O
through	O
mechanisms	T-0
of	T-0
mitochondrial	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
.	O

To	O
determine	O
mitochondrial	O
events	O
from	O
HAART	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
-	O
old	O
hemizygous	O
transgenic	T-1
AIDS	B-Disease
mice	O
(	O
NL4	O
-	O
3Delta	O
gag	O
/	O
pol	O
;	O
TG	O
)	O
and	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
FVB	O
/	O
n	O
littermates	T-0
were	T-0
treated	T-0
with	O
the	O
HAART	O
combination	O
of	O
zidovudine	O
,	O
lamivudine	O
,	O
and	O
indinavir	O
or	O
vehicle	O
control	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
or	O
35	O
days	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
mitochondrial	O
events	O
from	O
HAART	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
-	O
old	O
hemizygous	O
transgenic	O
AIDS	O
mice	O
(	O
NL4	O
-	O
3Delta	O
gag	O
/	O
pol	O
;	O
TG	O
)	O
and	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
FVB	O
/	O
n	O
littermates	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
HAART	O
combination	T-1
of	T-1
zidovudine	B-Chemical
,	O
lamivudine	T-0
,	O
and	O
indinavir	O
or	O
vehicle	O
control	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
or	O
35	O
days	O
.	O

To	O
determine	O
mitochondrial	O
events	O
from	O
HAART	O
in	O
vivo	O
,	O
8	O
-	O
week	O
-	O
old	O
hemizygous	O
transgenic	O
AIDS	O
mice	O
(	O
NL4	O
-	O
3Delta	O
gag	O
/	O
pol	O
;	O
TG	O
)	O
and	O
wild	O
-	O
type	O
FVB	O
/	O
n	O
littermates	O
were	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
the	O
HAART	O
combination	O
of	O
zidovudine	O
,	O
lamivudine	O
,	O
and	O
indinavir	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	T-1
control	T-1
for	T-1
10	T-1
days	T-1
or	T-1
35	T-1
days	T-1
.	O

At	O
termination	O
of	O
the	O
experiments	O
,	O
mice	O
underwent	O
echocardiography	O
,	O
quantitation	O
of	O
abundance	O
of	O
molecular	T-0
markers	T-0
of	T-0
CM	B-Disease
(	O
ventricular	O
mRNA	O
encoding	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
[	O
ANF	O
]	O
and	O
sarcoplasmic	O
calcium	O
ATPase	O
[	O
SERCA2	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
determination	O
of	O
plasma	O
LA	O
.	O

At	O
termination	O
of	O
the	O
experiments	O
,	O
mice	O
underwent	O
echocardiography	O
,	O
quantitation	O
of	O
abundance	O
of	O
molecular	O
markers	O
of	O
CM	O
(	O
ventricular	O
mRNA	O
encoding	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
[	O
ANF	O
]	O
and	O
sarcoplasmic	T-0
calcium	B-Chemical
ATPase	O
[	O
SERCA2	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
determination	T-1
of	T-1
plasma	T-1
LA	T-1
.	O

At	O
termination	O
of	O
the	O
experiments	O
,	O
mice	O
underwent	O
echocardiography	O
,	O
quantitation	O
of	O
abundance	O
of	O
molecular	O
markers	O
of	O
CM	O
(	O
ventricular	O
mRNA	O
encoding	O
atrial	O
natriuretic	O
factor	O
[	O
ANF	O
]	O
and	O
sarcoplasmic	O
calcium	O
ATPase	O
[	O
SERCA2	O
]	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
determination	T-0
of	T-0
plasma	T-0
LA	B-Chemical
.	O

Biochemically	T-0
,	O
LA	B-Chemical
was	T-1
elevated	T-1
(	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
mM	O
)	O
.	O

Results	T-2
show	T-2
that	O
cumulative	O
HAART	O
caused	T-0
mitochondrial	O
CM	B-Disease
with	T-1
elevated	T-1
LA	O
in	O
AIDS	O
transgenic	O
mice	O
.	O

Results	O
show	O
that	O
cumulative	O
HAART	O
caused	T-0
mitochondrial	O
CM	O
with	O
elevated	T-1
LA	B-Chemical
in	O
AIDS	O
transgenic	O
mice	O
.	O

Results	T-0
show	O
that	O
cumulative	O
HAART	O
caused	O
mitochondrial	O
CM	O
with	O
elevated	T-1
LA	T-1
in	T-1
AIDS	B-Disease
transgenic	O
mice	O
.	O

A	O
Phase	O
II	O
trial	T-2
of	T-2
cisplatin	B-Chemical
plus	T-0
WR	T-0
-	T-0
2721	T-0
(	O
amifostine	O
)	O
for	T-1
metastatic	T-1
breast	T-1
carcinoma	T-1
:	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
Study	O
(	O
E8188	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
Phase	T-0
II	T-0
trial	T-0
of	O
cisplatin	O
plus	O
WR	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2721	I-Chemical
(	O
amifostine	O
)	O
for	O
metastatic	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
:	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
Study	O
(	O
E8188	O
)	O
.	O

A	T-1
Phase	T-1
II	T-1
trial	T-1
of	T-1
cisplatin	O
plus	O
WR	O
-	O
2721	O
(	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
)	O
for	T-0
metastatic	T-0
breast	O
carcinoma	O
:	O
an	O
Eastern	O
Cooperative	O
Oncology	O
Group	O
Study	O
(	O
E8188	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
Phase	O
II	O
trial	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
plus	O
WR	O
-	O
2721	O
(	O
amifostine	O
)	O
for	O
metastatic	T-1
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
:	O
an	O
Eastern	T-0
Cooperative	T-0
Oncology	T-0
Group	T-0
Study	T-0
(	O
E8188	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	T-0
:	O
Cisplatin	B-Chemical
has	T-1
minimal	T-1
antitumor	T-1
activity	T-1
when	O
used	O
as	O
second	O
-	O
or	O
third	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	O
of	O
metastatic	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cisplatin	O
has	O
minimal	O
antitumor	O
activity	O
when	O
used	O
as	O
second	O
-	O
or	O
third	O
-	O
line	O
treatment	T-0
of	T-0
metastatic	T-0
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

Older	O
reports	O
suggest	O
an	O
objective	O
response	T-0
rate	T-0
of	T-0
8	O
%	O
when	O
60	O
-	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
of	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
administered	T-1
every	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	T-3
-	T-3
response	T-3
effect	T-3
has	T-1
been	T-1
observed	T-1
with	T-1
cisplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
the	T-2
dose	T-2
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	O
associated	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	O
)	O
have	O
limited	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
the	T-0
dose	T-1
-	T-1
limiting	T-1
toxicities	B-Disease
associated	T-2
with	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	O
)	O
have	O
limited	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
cisplatin	B-Chemical
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	O
)	O
have	O
limited	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	O
associated	T-2
with	T-2
cisplatin	T-0
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	O
)	O
have	T-1
limited	T-1
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	O
associated	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	O
)	O
have	O
limited	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	T-0
for	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	O
associated	T-1
with	T-1
cisplatin	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
)	O
have	T-0
limited	T-0
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	O
for	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
.	O

Although	O
a	O
dose	O
-	O
response	O
effect	O
has	O
been	O
observed	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
-	O
limiting	O
toxicities	O
associated	O
with	O
cisplatin	O
(	O
e	O
.	O
g	O
.	O
,	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neurotoxicity	O
)	O
have	O
limited	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
treatment	T-1
for	T-1
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
.	O

WR	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
2721	I-Chemical
or	T-0
amifostine	O
initially	O
was	T-1
developed	T-1
to	O
protect	O
military	O
personnel	O
in	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
nuclear	O
war	O
.	O

WR	O
-	O
2721	O
or	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
initially	T-1
was	T-1
developed	T-1
to	O
protect	O
military	O
personnel	O
in	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
nuclear	O
war	O
.	O

Amifostine	B-Chemical
subsequently	O
was	T-1
shown	T-1
to	T-1
protect	T-1
normal	T-1
tissues	T-1
from	O
the	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
alkylating	T-0
agents	T-0
and	O
cisplatin	O
without	O
decreasing	O
the	O
antitumor	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Amifostine	O
subsequently	O
was	O
shown	O
to	O
protect	O
normal	O
tissues	O
from	O
the	O
toxic	T-0
effects	T-1
of	T-1
alkylating	B-Chemical
agents	I-Chemical
and	O
cisplatin	O
without	O
decreasing	O
the	O
antitumor	O
effect	O
of	O
the	O
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Amifostine	O
subsequently	O
was	O
shown	O
to	O
protect	O
normal	O
tissues	O
from	O
the	O
toxic	O
effects	O
of	O
alkylating	O
agents	O
and	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
without	O
decreasing	O
the	O
antitumor	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
chemotherapy	O
.	O

Early	O
trials	T-0
of	T-0
cisplatin	B-Chemical
and	O
amifostine	O
also	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neuropathy	O
were	O
reduced	O
.	O

Early	O
trials	O
of	O
cisplatin	T-0
and	T-0
amifostine	B-Chemical
also	T-1
suggested	T-1
that	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neuropathy	O
were	O
reduced	O
.	O

Early	O
trials	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
and	O
amifostine	O
also	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
incidence	T-2
and	T-2
severity	T-2
of	T-2
cisplatin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
nephrotoxicity	T-1
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neuropathy	O
were	O
reduced	O
.	O

Early	O
trials	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
and	O
amifostine	O
also	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
-	O
induced	T-0
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neuropathy	O
were	O
reduced	O
.	O

Early	O
trials	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
and	O
amifostine	O
also	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
incidence	T-0
and	T-0
severity	T-1
of	T-1
cisplatin	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
neuropathy	O
were	T-2
reduced	T-2
.	O

Early	O
trials	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
and	O
amifostine	O
also	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotoxicity	O
,	O
ototoxicity	O
,	O
and	O
neuropathy	B-Disease
were	T-0
reduced	T-1
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
Phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
combination	T-2
of	T-2
cisplatin	B-Chemical
plus	T-1
amifostine	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
progressive	O
metastatic	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
who	O
had	O
received	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
,	O
chemotherapy	O
regimen	O
for	O
metastatic	O
disease	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	O
Phase	O
II	O
study	O
of	O
the	O
combination	T-2
of	T-2
cisplatin	T-0
plus	T-0
amifostine	B-Chemical
was	T-1
conducted	T-1
in	T-1
patients	T-1
with	O
progressive	O
metastatic	O
breast	O
carcinoma	O
who	O
had	O
received	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
,	O
chemotherapy	O
regimen	O
for	O
metastatic	O
disease	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
A	T-0
Phase	T-0
II	T-0
study	T-2
of	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
cisplatin	O
plus	O
amifostine	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
patients	T-3
with	O
progressive	O
metastatic	T-1
breast	B-Disease
carcinoma	I-Disease
who	O
had	O
received	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
,	O
chemotherapy	O
regimen	O
for	O
metastatic	O
disease	O
.	O

Patients	O
received	T-1
amifostine	B-Chemical
,	O
910	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
intravenously	T-0
over	T-0
15	T-0
minutes	T-0
.	O

After	O
completion	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
amifostine	B-Chemical
infusion	T-0
,	O
cisplatin	O
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
was	O
administered	O
over	O
30	O
minutes	O
.	O

After	O
completion	O
of	O
the	O
amifostine	O
infusion	T-0
,	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
120	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
was	O
administered	T-1
over	O
30	O
minutes	O
.	O

Intravenous	T-0
hydration	T-0
and	O
mannitol	B-Chemical
was	O
administered	T-1
before	T-1
and	T-1
after	T-1
cisplatin	O
.	O

Intravenous	O
hydration	O
and	O
mannitol	O
was	O
administered	O
before	T-0
and	T-0
after	T-0
cisplatin	B-Chemical
.	O

Neurologic	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
was	O
reported	T-0
in	O
52	O
%	O
of	O
patients	T-1
.	O

Seven	O
different	O
life	T-0
-	T-0
threatening	T-0
toxicities	B-Disease
were	O
observed	O
in	O
patients	O
while	O
receiving	T-1
treatment	T-1
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	T-0
of	T-0
cisplatin	B-Chemical
and	T-1
amifostine	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
resulted	O
in	O
an	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
16	O
%	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
combination	T-0
of	T-0
cisplatin	O
and	O
amifostine	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
study	O
resulted	T-1
in	T-1
an	O
overall	O
response	O
rate	O
of	O
16	O
%	O
.	O

Neither	T-0
a	T-0
tumor	B-Disease
-	O
protective	O
effect	O
nor	O
reduced	O
toxicity	O
to	O
normal	O
tissues	O
was	O
observed	O
with	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
amifostine	O
to	O
cisplatin	O
in	O
this	O
trial	O
.	O

Neither	O
a	O
tumor	O
-	O
protective	O
effect	O
nor	O
reduced	T-2
toxicity	B-Disease
to	T-1
normal	O
tissues	O
was	O
observed	O
with	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
amifostine	O
to	O
cisplatin	O
in	O
this	O
trial	O
.	O

Neither	O
a	O
tumor	O
-	O
protective	O
effect	O
nor	O
reduced	O
toxicity	O
to	O
normal	O
tissues	O
was	O
observed	O
with	O
the	T-0
addition	T-0
of	T-0
amifostine	B-Chemical
to	O
cisplatin	O
in	O
this	O
trial	O
.	O

Neither	O
a	O
tumor	O
-	O
protective	O
effect	O
nor	O
reduced	O
toxicity	O
to	O
normal	O
tissues	O
was	O
observed	T-1
with	O
the	O
addition	T-0
of	T-0
amifostine	O
to	O
cisplatin	B-Chemical
in	O
this	O
trial	T-2
.	O

Oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	T-0
risk	T-0
of	T-0
myocardial	O
infarction	O
.	O

Oral	O
contraceptives	O
and	O
the	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
An	O
association	T-1
between	T-1
the	T-1
use	T-1
of	T-0
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
has	O
been	O
found	O
in	O
some	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
all	O
,	O
studies	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
type	T-2
of	T-2
progestagen	B-Chemical
included	T-3
in	T-3
third	T-3
-	T-3
generation	T-3
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
desogestrel	O
or	O
gestodene	O
)	O
and	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
levonorgestrel	O
)	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	O
dose	T-4
of	O
estrogen	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
prothrombotic	O
mutations	O
METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
nationwide	O
,	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
and	O
enrolled	O
248	O
women	O
18	O
through	O
49	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
a	O
first	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1995	O
and	O
925	O
control	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
and	O
who	O
were	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
calendar	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
index	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
area	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
progestagen	O
included	O
in	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
desogestrel	T-0
or	T-0
gestodene	B-Chemical
)	O
and	T-1
second	T-1
-	T-1
generation	T-1
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
levonorgestrel	O
)	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
estrogen	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
prothrombotic	O
mutations	O
METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
nationwide	O
,	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
and	O
enrolled	O
248	O
women	O
18	O
through	O
49	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
a	O
first	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1995	O
and	O
925	O
control	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
and	O
who	O
were	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
calendar	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
index	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
area	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
according	T-1
to	T-1
the	O
type	O
of	O
progestagen	O
included	O
in	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
desogestrel	O
or	O
gestodene	O
)	O
and	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
levonorgestrel	B-Chemical
)	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	T-0
dose	T-0
of	T-0
estrogen	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
prothrombotic	O
mutations	O
METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
nationwide	O
,	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
and	O
enrolled	O
248	O
women	O
18	O
through	O
49	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
a	O
first	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1995	O
and	O
925	O
control	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
and	O
who	O
were	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
calendar	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
index	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
area	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
progestagen	O
included	O
in	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
desogestrel	O
or	O
gestodene	O
)	O
and	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
levonorgestrel	O
)	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	O
dose	T-0
of	T-0
estrogen	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
prothrombotic	O
mutations	O
METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
nationwide	O
,	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
and	O
enrolled	O
248	O
women	O
18	O
through	O
49	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
a	O
first	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1995	O
and	O
925	O
control	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
and	O
who	O
were	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
calendar	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
index	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
area	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
progestagen	O
included	O
in	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
desogestrel	O
or	O
gestodene	O
)	O
and	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
levonorgestrel	O
)	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
estrogen	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
prothrombotic	O
mutations	O
METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
nationwide	O
,	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
and	O
enrolled	O
248	O
women	O
18	O
through	O
49	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
had	O
had	T-0
a	T-0
first	T-0
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1995	O
and	O
925	O
control	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
not	T-1
had	T-1
a	T-1
myocardial	T-1
infarction	T-1
and	O
who	O
were	O
matched	O
for	O
age	O
,	O
calendar	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
index	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
area	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
this	O
association	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
progestagen	O
included	O
in	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
desogestrel	O
or	O
gestodene	O
)	O
and	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
(	O
i	O
.	O
e	O
.	O
,	O
levonorgestrel	O
)	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	O
dose	O
of	O
estrogen	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
presence	O
or	O
absence	O
of	O
prothrombotic	O
mutations	O
METHODS	O
:	O
In	O
a	O
nationwide	O
,	O
population	O
-	O
based	O
,	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
,	O
we	O
identified	O
and	O
enrolled	O
248	O
women	O
18	O
through	O
49	O
years	O
of	O
age	O
who	O
had	O
had	O
a	O
first	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
between	O
1990	O
and	O
1995	O
and	O
925	O
control	O
women	O
who	O
had	O
not	O
had	T-1
a	T-1
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
and	O
who	O
were	T-0
matched	T-0
for	O
age	O
,	O
calendar	O
year	O
of	O
the	O
index	O
event	O
,	O
and	O
area	O
of	O
residence	O
.	O

Subjects	O
supplied	O
information	T-0
on	T-0
oral	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
use	T-2
and	T-2
major	T-2
cardiovascular	T-2
risk	T-2
factors	T-2
.	O

An	O
analysis	O
for	O
factor	O
V	O
Leiden	O
and	O
the	O
G20210A	O
mutation	O
in	O
the	O
prothrombin	O
gene	O
was	O
conducted	O
in	O
217	O
patients	O
and	O
763	O
controls	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
odds	O
ratio	O
for	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
any	O
type	O
of	T-0
combined	T-0
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptive	I-Chemical
,	O
as	T-1
compared	T-1
with	T-1
nonusers	T-1
,	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
0	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
8	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
adjusted	O
odds	O
ratio	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	T-0
-	T-0
generation	T-0
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
and	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
among	O
those	O
who	O
used	O
third	T-1
-	T-1
generation	T-1
oral	O
contraceptives	O
.	O

The	O
adjusted	O
odds	O
ratio	T-1
was	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
4	O
.	O
1	O
)	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
3	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
7	O
to	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
among	O
those	O
who	O
used	T-0
third	T-2
-	T-2
generation	T-2
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

Among	O
women	O
who	T-0
used	T-0
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
,	O
the	O
odds	O
ratio	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
without	O
a	O
prothrombotic	O
mutation	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
with	O
a	O
mutation	O
CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
was	O
increased	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
.	O

Among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	O
odds	O
ratio	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
without	O
a	O
prothrombotic	O
mutation	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
with	O
a	O
mutation	O
CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
increased	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
.	O

Among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
oral	T-0
contraceptives	O
,	O
the	O
odds	O
ratio	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
1	O
.	O
5	O
to	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
without	O
a	O
prothrombotic	O
mutation	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
9	O
(	O
95	O
percent	O
confidence	O
interval	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
6	O
to	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
for	O
those	O
with	O
a	O
mutation	O
CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
The	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
was	O
increased	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	T-0

The	O
results	O
with	O
respect	T-1
to	T-1
the	T-1
use	T-1
of	T-1
third	T-1
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
were	T-0
inconclusive	T-0
but	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
was	O
lower	O
than	O
the	O
risk	O
associated	O
with	O
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
with	O
respect	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
third	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
were	O
inconclusive	O
but	O
suggested	O
that	O
the	O
risk	O
was	O
lower	O
than	O
the	O
risk	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
second	O
-	O
generation	O
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
.	O

The	O
risk	T-1
of	T-1
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
was	O
similar	O
among	O
women	O
who	O
used	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
they	O
had	O
a	O
prothrombotic	T-0
mutation	T-0
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
myocardial	T-0
infarction	T-0
was	O
similar	O
among	O
women	O
who	T-1
used	T-1
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
whether	T-2
or	T-2
not	T-2
they	T-2
had	T-2
a	O
prothrombotic	O
mutation	O
.	O

End	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	T-0
ESRD	T-0
)	T-0
after	O
orthotopic	O
liver	O
transplantation	O
(	O
OLTX	O
)	O
using	O
calcineurin	O
-	O
based	O
immunotherapy	O
:	O
risk	O
of	O
development	O
and	O
treatment	O
.	O

End	O
-	O
stage	O
renal	O
disease	T-2
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
after	T-3
orthotopic	T-3
liver	O
transplantation	O
(	O
OLTX	O
)	O
using	O
calcineurin	O
-	O
based	O
immunotherapy	O
:	O
risk	O
of	O
development	T-1
and	O
treatment	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
calcineurin	T-1
inhibitors	T-1
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
and	O
tacrolimus	O
are	O
both	O
known	T-2
to	T-2
be	T-2
nephrotoxic	T-2
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
cyclosporine	O
and	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
are	O
both	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
nephrotoxic	T-0
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
calcineurin	T-0
inhibitors	T-0
cyclosporine	O
and	O
tacrolimus	O
are	O
both	O
known	T-1
to	T-1
be	T-1
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
had	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
are	O
presenting	O
after	O
OLTX	T-0
with	O
end	B-Disease
-	I-Disease
stage	I-Disease
renal	I-Disease
disease	I-Disease
(	O
ESRD	T-1
)	T-1
.	T-1

Recently	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
had	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
patients	T-2
who	O
are	O
presenting	O
after	O
OLTX	O
with	O
end	T-1
-	T-1
stage	T-1
renal	T-0
disease	T-0
(	O
ESRD	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

This	O
retrospective	O
study	T-0
examines	O
the	O
incidence	T-1
and	O
treatment	T-2
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
and	O
chronic	O
renal	O
failure	O
(	O
CRF	O
)	O
in	O
OLTX	O
patients	O
.	O

This	O
retrospective	O
study	O
examines	O
the	O
incidence	T-0
and	T-0
treatment	T-2
of	T-2
ESRD	O
and	O
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
(	O
CRF	O
)	O
in	T-3
OLTX	O
patients	T-1
.	O

This	O
retrospective	O
study	O
examines	O
the	O
incidence	O
and	O
treatment	T-1
of	T-1
ESRD	O
and	T-0
chronic	T-0
renal	T-0
failure	T-0
(	O
CRF	B-Disease
)	O
in	T-2
OLTX	T-2
patients	T-2
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
:	O
Controls	O
,	O
no	O
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	T-0
,	T-0
n	T-0
=	T-0
748	T-0
;	O
CRF	O
,	O
sustained	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
>	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
41	O
;	O
and	O
ESRD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
45	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
:	O
Controls	T-0
,	O
no	O
CRF	O
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
,	O
n	O
=	O
748	O
;	O
CRF	O
,	O
sustained	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
>	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
41	O
;	O
and	O
ESRD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
45	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
:	O
Controls	T-0
,	O
no	O
CRF	O
or	O
ESRD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
748	O
;	O
CRF	B-Disease
,	O
sustained	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
>	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
41	O
;	O
and	O
ESRD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
45	O
.	O

Patients	O
were	O
divided	O
into	O
three	O
groups	O
:	O
Controls	O
,	O
no	O
CRF	O
or	O
ESRD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
748	O
;	O
CRF	O
,	O
sustained	T-1
serum	O
creatinine	B-Chemical
>	O
2	T-0
.	T-0
5	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
dl	T-0
,	O
n	O
=	O
41	O
;	O
and	O
ESRD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
45	O
.	O

Patients	T-0
were	T-0
divided	T-0
into	T-0
three	O
groups	T-1
:	O
Controls	O
,	O
no	O
CRF	O
or	O
ESRD	O
,	O
n	O
=	O
748	O
;	O
CRF	O
,	O
sustained	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
>	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
dl	O
,	O
n	T-2
=	T-2
41	T-2
;	T-2
and	T-2
ESRD	B-Disease
,	O
n	T-3
=	T-3
45	T-3
.	O

Groups	O
were	O
compared	O
for	O
preoperative	O
laboratory	O
variables	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
,	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
,	O
survival	O
,	O
type	T-2
of	T-2
ESRD	B-Disease
therapy	T-0
,	O
and	O
survival	T-1
from	O
onset	O
of	O
ESRD	O
.	O

Groups	O
were	O
compared	O
for	O
preoperative	T-1
laboratory	T-1
variables	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
,	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
,	O
survival	O
,	O
type	O
of	O
ESRD	O
therapy	O
,	O
and	O
survival	T-0
from	T-0
onset	T-0
of	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
At	O
13	O
years	O
after	O
OLTX	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
severe	T-1
renal	B-Disease
dysfunction	I-Disease
was	T-2
18	T-0
.	T-0
1	T-0
%	T-0
(	T-0
CRF	T-0
8	T-0
.	T-0
6	T-0
%	T-0
and	T-0
ESRD	T-0
9	T-0
.	T-0
5	T-0
%	T-0
)	T-0
.	T-0

RESULTS	O
:	O
At	O
13	O
years	O
after	O
OLTX	O
,	O
the	O
incidence	O
of	O
severe	O
renal	O
dysfunction	T-0
was	T-1
18	T-1
.	T-1
1	T-1
%	T-1
(	O
CRF	B-Disease
8	T-2
.	T-2
6	T-2
%	T-2
and	O
ESRD	O
9	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
At	O
13	O
years	O
after	T-0
OLTX	T-0
,	O
the	O
incidence	T-1
of	T-1
severe	O
renal	O
dysfunction	O
was	O
18	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
(	O
CRF	O
8	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
9	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
control	O
patients	O
,	O
CRF	B-Disease
and	O
ESRD	O
patients	O
had	O
higher	T-0
preoperative	T-0
serum	T-0
creatinine	T-0
levels	T-0
,	O
a	O
greater	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatorenal	O
syndrome	O
,	O
higher	O
percentage	O
requirement	O
for	O
dialysis	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
higher	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
.	O

Compared	T-2
with	T-2
control	T-0
patients	T-0
,	O
CRF	O
and	O
ESRD	B-Disease
patients	O
had	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
levels	O
,	O
a	O
greater	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	T-1
with	T-1
hepatorenal	T-1
syndrome	T-1
,	O
higher	O
percentage	O
requirement	O
for	O
dialysis	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
higher	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
control	O
patients	O
,	O
CRF	O
and	O
ESRD	O
patients	O
had	O
higher	O
preoperative	T-0
serum	T-2
creatinine	B-Chemical
levels	T-1
,	O
a	O
greater	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatorenal	O
syndrome	O
,	O
higher	O
percentage	O
requirement	O
for	O
dialysis	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
higher	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
control	O
patients	O
,	O
CRF	O
and	O
ESRD	O
patients	O
had	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
levels	O
,	O
a	O
greater	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	T-1
with	T-1
hepatorenal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
higher	T-2
percentage	T-2
requirement	O
for	O
dialysis	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
higher	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
.	O

Compared	O
with	O
control	O
patients	O
,	O
CRF	O
and	O
ESRD	O
patients	O
had	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
levels	O
,	O
a	O
greater	O
percentage	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
hepatorenal	O
syndrome	O
,	O
higher	O
percentage	O
requirement	O
for	O
dialysis	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
3	O
months	O
postoperatively	O
,	O
and	T-1
a	T-1
higher	T-1
1	T-0
-	T-0
year	T-0
serum	T-0
creatinine	B-Chemical
.	O

Multivariate	O
stepwise	O
logistic	O
regression	O
analysis	O
using	O
preoperative	O
and	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
identified	O
that	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	T-0
creatinine	B-Chemical
compared	T-1
with	T-1
average	T-1
at	T-1
1	T-1
year	T-1
,	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
4	O
weeks	O
postoperatively	O
were	O
independent	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
CRF	O
or	O
ESRD	O
with	O
odds	O
ratios	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Multivariate	O
stepwise	O
logistic	O
regression	O
analysis	O
using	O
preoperative	O
and	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
identified	O
that	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
compared	O
with	O
average	O
at	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
4	O
weeks	O
postoperatively	O
were	O
independent	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
the	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	O
with	O
odds	O
ratios	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Multivariate	O
stepwise	O
logistic	O
regression	O
analysis	O
using	O
preoperative	O
and	O
postoperative	O
variables	O
identified	O
that	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
compared	O
with	O
average	O
at	O
1	O
year	O
,	O
3	O
months	O
,	O
and	O
4	O
weeks	O
postoperatively	O
were	O
independent	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
the	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
CRF	O
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
with	O
odds	O
ratios	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
2	O
.	O
2	O
,	O
and	O
1	O
.	O
6	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Overall	O
survival	O
from	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
OLTX	O
was	O
not	O
significantly	O
different	O
among	O
groups	O
,	O
but	O
by	O
year	O
13	O
,	O
the	O
survival	O
of	O
the	O
patients	O
who	T-1
had	T-1
ESRD	B-Disease
was	O
only	O
28	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
compared	O
with	O
54	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
control	O
group	O
.	O

Patients	T-0
developing	T-0
ESRD	B-Disease
had	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
survival	O
after	O
onset	O
of	O
ESRD	O
of	O
27	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	T-1
receiving	T-1
hemodialysis	T-1
versus	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	T-2
developing	T-2
ESRD	O
who	O
subsequently	O
received	O
kidney	O
transplants	O
.	O

Patients	O
developing	T-1
ESRD	O
had	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
survival	O
after	O
onset	T-0
of	T-0
ESRD	B-Disease
of	O
27	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
receiving	O
hemodialysis	O
versus	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
developing	O
ESRD	O
who	O
subsequently	O
received	O
kidney	O
transplants	O
.	O

Patients	O
developing	O
ESRD	O
had	O
a	O
6	O
-	O
year	O
survival	O
after	O
onset	O
of	O
ESRD	O
of	O
27	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
receiving	O
hemodialysis	O
versus	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
for	O
the	O
patients	O
developing	T-0
ESRD	B-Disease
who	O
subsequently	O
received	O
kidney	O
transplants	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Patients	O
who	O
are	O
more	T-1
than	T-1
10	T-1
years	T-1
post	T-1
-	O
OLTX	T-0
have	O
CRF	B-Disease
and	O
ESRD	O
at	T-2
a	T-2
high	T-2
rate	T-2
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Patients	T-2
who	O
are	O
more	O
than	O
10	O
years	O
post	O
-	O
OLTX	O
have	O
CRF	T-0
and	T-0
ESRD	B-Disease
at	T-1
a	T-1
high	T-1
rate	T-1
.	O

The	T-1
development	T-1
of	T-1
ESRD	B-Disease
decreases	T-2
survival	O
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
those	O
patients	O
treated	O
with	O
dialysis	O
only	O
.	O

Patients	T-0
who	T-0
develop	T-0
ESRD	B-Disease
have	O
a	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
and	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
and	O
are	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
hepatorenal	O
syndrome	O
.	O

Patients	O
who	O
develop	O
ESRD	O
have	O
a	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
and	O
1	T-1
-	T-1
year	T-1
serum	T-0
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	O
are	O
more	O
likely	O
to	O
have	O
hepatorenal	O
syndrome	O
.	O

Patients	T-0
who	T-0
develop	T-0
ESRD	O
have	O
a	O
higher	O
preoperative	O
and	O
1	O
-	O
year	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
and	O
are	O
more	O
likely	O
to	T-1
have	T-1
hepatorenal	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
an	T-0
increase	T-1
of	T-1
serum	T-1
creatinine	B-Chemical
at	O
various	O
times	O
postoperatively	O
is	O
more	O
predictive	O
of	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
CRF	O
or	O
ESRD	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
at	O
various	O
times	O
postoperatively	O
is	O
more	O
predictive	O
of	O
the	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
CRF	B-Disease
or	O
ESRD	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
serum	O
creatinine	O
at	O
various	O
times	O
postoperatively	O
is	O
more	O
predictive	O
of	O
the	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
CRF	O
or	O
ESRD	B-Disease
.	O

Epileptic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
following	T-2
cortical	O
application	O
of	O
fibrin	T-1
sealants	T-1
containing	O
tranexamic	O
acid	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Epileptic	O
seizures	O
following	O
cortical	O
application	O
of	O
fibrin	O
sealants	O
containing	T-1
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
in	T-0
rats	T-0
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
synthetic	O
fibrinolysis	O
inhibitors	T-1
such	O
as	O
tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	T-0
tAMCA	T-0
)	T-0
have	O
been	O
considered	O
as	O
substitutes	T-2
for	O
aprotinin	O
.	O

Recently	O
,	O
synthetic	O
fibrinolysis	O
inhibitors	T-1
such	O
as	O
tranexamic	O
acid	O
(	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
)	O
have	T-0
been	T-0
considered	T-2
as	T-2
substitutes	T-2
for	O
aprotinin	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
has	T-0
been	T-0
shown	T-0
to	O
cause	O
epileptic	O
seizures	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
tAMCA	O
has	O
been	O
shown	T-0
to	T-0
cause	T-0
epileptic	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
wanted	O
to	O
study	O
whether	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
retains	T-1
its	O
convulsive	O
action	O
if	O
incorporated	O
into	O
a	O
FS	O
.	O

We	O
wanted	O
to	O
study	O
whether	O
tAMCA	O
retains	T-1
its	T-1
convulsive	B-Disease
action	T-0
if	O
incorporated	O
into	O
a	O
FS	O
.	O

METHOD	O
:	O
FS	O
containing	O
aprotinin	O
or	O
different	O
concentrations	T-0
of	T-0
tAMCA	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
-	O
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
were	O
applied	O
to	O
the	O
pial	O
surface	O
of	O
the	O
cortex	O
of	O
anaesthetized	O
rats	O
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
FS	T-0
containing	T-2
tAMCA	B-Chemical
caused	O
paroxysmal	O
brain	O
activity	O
which	O
was	O
associated	T-1
with	T-1
distinct	T-1
convulsive	T-1
behaviours	T-1
.	O

FINDINGS	O
:	O
FS	O
containing	O
tAMCA	O
caused	O
paroxysmal	T-2
brain	T-2
activity	T-2
which	O
was	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
distinct	T-1
convulsive	B-Disease
behaviours	T-3
.	O

The	O
degree	O
of	O
these	T-0
seizures	B-Disease
increased	T-1
with	O
increasing	O
concentration	O
of	O
tAMCA	O
.	O

The	O
degree	O
of	O
these	O
seizures	O
increased	O
with	O
increasing	T-0
concentration	T-0
of	T-0
tAMCA	B-Chemical
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
FS	O
containing	T-0
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
tAMCA	B-Chemical
evoked	O
generalized	O
seizures	O
in	O
all	O
tested	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
lowest	O
concentration	O
of	O
tAMCA	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
only	O
evoked	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
jerk	O
-	O
correlated	O
convulsive	O
potentials	O
in	O
1	O
of	O
6	O
rats	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
FS	O
containing	O
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
tAMCA	O
evoked	T-0
generalized	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
in	O
all	O
tested	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
lowest	O
concentration	O
of	O
tAMCA	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
only	O
evoked	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
jerk	O
-	O
correlated	O
convulsive	O
potentials	O
in	O
1	O
of	O
6	O
rats	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
FS	O
containing	O
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
tAMCA	O
evoked	O
generalized	O
seizures	O
in	O
all	O
tested	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
lowest	O
concentration	T-0
of	T-0
tAMCA	B-Chemical
(	T-1
0	T-1
.	T-1
5	T-1
mg	T-1
/	T-1
ml	T-1
)	T-1
only	O
evoked	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
jerk	O
-	O
correlated	O
convulsive	O
potentials	O
in	O
1	O
of	O
6	O
rats	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
FS	O
containing	O
47	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
tAMCA	O
evoked	O
generalized	O
seizures	O
in	O
all	O
tested	O
rats	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
6	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
lowest	O
concentration	O
of	O
tAMCA	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
only	O
evoked	O
brief	O
episodes	O
of	O
jerk	O
-	O
correlated	T-0
convulsive	B-Disease
potentials	O
in	O
1	O
of	O
6	O
rats	O
.	O

INTERPRETATION	T-1
:	O
Tranexamic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
retains	T-0
its	O
convulsive	O
action	O
within	O
FS	O
.	O

INTERPRETATION	O
:	O
Tranexamic	T-0
acid	T-0
retains	T-0
its	O
convulsive	B-Disease
action	T-1
within	T-1
FS	T-1
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
use	O
of	O
FS	O
containing	T-0
tAMCA	B-Chemical
for	O
surgery	O
within	O
or	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
CNS	O
may	O
pose	O
a	O
substantial	O
risk	O
to	O
the	O
patient	O
.	O

Sequential	O
observations	T-0
of	T-0
exencephaly	B-Disease
and	O
subsequent	O
morphological	O
changes	O
by	O
mouse	O
exo	O
utero	O
development	O
system	O
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	O
to	O
anencephaly	O
.	O

Sequential	O
observations	O
of	O
exencephaly	O
and	O
subsequent	O
morphological	O
changes	O
by	O
mouse	O
exo	O
utero	O
development	O
system	O
:	O
analysis	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
mechanism	T-0
of	T-0
transformation	T-2
from	T-2
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	O
anencephaly	T-1
.	O

Sequential	O
observations	O
of	O
exencephaly	O
and	O
subsequent	O
morphological	O
changes	O
by	O
mouse	O
exo	O
utero	O
development	O
system	O
:	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
transformation	T-1
from	O
exencephaly	T-0
to	T-0
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

Anencephaly	B-Disease
has	T-0
been	T-0
suggested	T-0
to	O
develop	O
from	O
exencephaly	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
direct	O
experimental	O
evidence	O
to	O
support	O
this	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
transformation	O
remains	O
unclear	O
.	O

Anencephaly	O
has	O
been	O
suggested	O
to	O
develop	T-0
from	T-0
exencephaly	B-Disease
;	O
however	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
little	O
direct	O
experimental	O
evidence	O
to	O
support	O
this	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
mechanism	O
of	O
transformation	O
remains	O
unclear	O
.	O

We	O
observed	T-1
the	T-1
exencephaly	B-Disease
induced	T-2
by	O
5	O
-	O
azacytidine	O
at	O
embryonic	O
day	O
13	O
.	O
5	O
(	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
let	O
the	O
embryos	O
develop	O
exo	O
utero	O
until	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
re	O
-	O
observed	O
the	O
same	O
embryos	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

We	O
observed	O
the	O
exencephaly	T-1
induced	T-1
by	T-0
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
azacytidine	I-Chemical
at	O
embryonic	T-2
day	T-2
13	T-2
.	O
5	O
(	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
)	O
,	O
let	O
the	O
embryos	O
develop	O
exo	O
utero	O
until	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
re	O
-	O
observed	O
the	O
same	O
embryos	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

We	O
confirmed	O
several	O
cases	T-2
of	T-2
transformation	T-2
from	T-0
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	T-1
anencephaly	T-1
.	O

We	O
confirmed	O
several	O
cases	O
of	O
transformation	T-0
from	T-0
exencephaly	T-0
to	T-0
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

However	O
,	O
in	O
many	O
cases	O
,	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
brain	O
tissue	O
was	O
preserved	O
with	O
more	T-0
or	T-0
less	T-0
reduction	T-0
during	O
this	O
period	O
.	O

To	O
analyze	O
the	O
transformation	O
patterns	O
,	O
we	T-0
classified	T-0
the	T-0
exencephaly	B-Disease
by	O
size	O
and	O
shape	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
tissue	O
into	O
several	O
types	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

To	O
analyze	O
the	O
transformation	O
patterns	O
,	O
we	O
classified	T-1
the	T-1
exencephaly	T-1
by	O
size	O
and	O
shape	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	T-2
into	O
several	O
types	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
transformation	T-0
of	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	O
was	O
not	O
simply	O
size	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
cases	O
of	O
anencephaly	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
resulted	T-1
from	T-1
embryos	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
exencephalic	O
tissue	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
exencephalic	O
tissue	O
was	O
not	O
simply	O
size	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
cases	T-0
of	T-0
anencephaly	B-Disease
at	T-1
E18	T-1
.	O
5	O
resulted	O
from	O
embryos	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
exencephalic	O
tissue	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
exencephalic	O
tissue	O
was	O
not	O
simply	O
size	O
-	O
dependent	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
cases	O
of	O
anencephaly	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
resulted	O
from	O
embryos	O
with	O
a	O
large	T-0
amount	T-0
of	T-0
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	T-1
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

Microscopic	O
observation	T-0
showed	O
the	O
configuration	T-3
of	T-3
exencephaly	B-Disease
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
frequent	O
hemorrhaging	O
and	O
detachment	O
of	O
the	O
neural	O
plate	O
from	O
surface	O
ectoderm	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
head	O
at	O
E15	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
reduction	T-2
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
tissue	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

Microscopic	O
observation	O
showed	O
the	O
configuration	O
of	O
exencephaly	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
frequent	T-0
hemorrhaging	B-Disease
and	O
detachment	O
of	O
the	O
neural	O
plate	O
from	O
surface	O
ectoderm	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
head	O
at	O
E15	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
tissue	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

Microscopic	O
observation	O
showed	O
the	O
configuration	O
of	O
exencephaly	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
frequent	O
hemorrhaging	O
and	O
detachment	O
of	O
the	O
neural	O
plate	O
from	O
surface	O
ectoderm	O
in	T-0
the	T-0
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	T-1
at	O
E15	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
tissue	O
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

Microscopic	O
observation	O
showed	O
the	O
configuration	O
of	O
exencephaly	O
at	O
E13	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
frequent	O
hemorrhaging	O
and	O
detachment	O
of	O
the	O
neural	O
plate	O
from	O
surface	O
ectoderm	O
in	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
head	O
at	O
E15	O
.	O
5	O
,	O
and	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
reduction	T-0
in	T-0
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
tissue	T-1
at	O
E18	O
.	O
5	O
.	O

From	O
observations	O
of	O
the	O
vasculature	O
,	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
were	O
identified	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
overgrowth	T-1
of	T-1
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
neural	T-0
tissue	T-0
causes	O
the	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
,	O
subsequent	O
peripheral	O
circulatory	O
failure	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
hemorrhaging	O
in	O
various	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
head	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
tissue	O
reduction	O
during	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	O
to	O
anencephaly	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
overgrowth	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
neural	O
tissue	O
causes	T-0
the	T-0
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
,	O
subsequent	T-1
peripheral	T-1
circulatory	B-Disease
failure	I-Disease
and	O
/	O
or	O
hemorrhaging	O
in	O
various	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
head	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
tissue	O
reduction	O
during	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	O
to	O
anencephaly	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
overgrowth	T-3
of	T-3
the	O
exencephalic	O
neural	O
tissue	O
causes	O
the	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
,	O
subsequent	T-1
peripheral	T-1
circulatory	T-1
failure	T-1
and	O
/	O
or	O
hemorrhaging	B-Disease
in	O
various	T-2
parts	T-2
of	T-2
the	T-2
exencephalic	T-2
head	T-2
,	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
tissue	O
reduction	O
during	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	O
to	O
anencephaly	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
overgrowth	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
neural	O
tissue	O
causes	O
the	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
,	O
subsequent	O
peripheral	T-0
circulatory	T-0
failure	T-2
and	T-2
/	T-2
or	T-2
hemorrhaging	T-2
in	T-2
various	T-2
parts	T-2
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	B-Disease
head	O
,	O
leading	T-3
to	T-3
the	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
tissue	O
reduction	O
during	O
transformation	O
from	O
exencephaly	O
to	O
anencephaly	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
overgrowth	T-0
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
neural	O
tissue	O
causes	O
the	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
,	O
subsequent	O
peripheral	O
circulatory	O
failure	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
hemorrhaging	O
in	O
various	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
head	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
tissue	O
reduction	O
during	O
transformation	T-1
from	O
exencephaly	B-Disease
to	O
anencephaly	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
overgrowth	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
neural	O
tissue	O
causes	O
the	O
altered	O
distribution	O
patterns	O
of	O
vessels	O
,	O
subsequent	O
peripheral	O
circulatory	O
failure	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
hemorrhaging	O
in	O
various	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
exencephalic	O
head	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
multiple	O
modes	O
of	O
tissue	O
reduction	O
during	O
transformation	T-1
from	T-1
exencephaly	T-0
to	O
anencephaly	B-Disease
.	O

99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
for	O
detection	O
of	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
induced	T-0
myocardial	O
infarction	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

99mTc	O
-	O
glucarate	O
for	O
detection	T-0
of	T-0
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
myocardial	O
infarction	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

99mTc	O
-	O
glucarate	O
for	O
detection	O
of	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
induced	T-1
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
in	T-0
rats	T-0
.	O

Infarct	O
-	O
avid	O
radiopharmaceuticals	O
are	O
necessary	O
for	O
rapid	O
and	O
timely	O
diagnosis	T-0
of	T-0
acute	T-1
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
animal	O
model	O
used	O
to	T-0
produce	T-1
infarction	B-Disease
implies	T-2
artery	O
ligation	O
but	O
chemical	O
induction	O
can	O
be	O
easily	O
obtained	O
with	O
isoproterenol	O
.	O

The	O
animal	O
model	T-0
used	T-0
to	T-0
produce	T-0
infarction	T-0
implies	O
artery	O
ligation	O
but	O
chemical	O
induction	O
can	O
be	O
easily	O
obtained	T-1
with	T-1
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
.	O

A	O
new	O
infarct	B-Disease
-	O
avid	T-0
radiopharmaceutical	O
based	O
on	O
glucaric	O
acid	O
was	O
prepared	O
in	O
the	O
hospital	O
radiopharmacy	O
of	O
the	O
INCMNSZ	O
.	O

A	O
new	O
infarct	O
-	O
avid	O
radiopharmaceutical	O
based	T-1
on	T-1
glucaric	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
was	T-0
prepared	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
hospital	T-0
radiopharmacy	T-0
of	O
the	O
INCMNSZ	O
.	O

99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
was	T-0
easy	T-0
to	T-0
prepare	T-0
,	O
stable	O
for	O
96	O
h	O
and	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
study	O
its	O
biodistribution	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
induced	T-1
acute	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
.	O

99mTc	O
-	O
glucarate	O
was	O
easy	O
to	O
prepare	O
,	O
stable	O
for	O
96	O
h	O
and	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
study	O
its	O
biodistribution	O
in	O
rats	T-0
with	T-0
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
acute	O
myocardial	O
infarction	O
.	O

99mTc	O
-	O
glucarate	O
was	O
easy	O
to	O
prepare	O
,	O
stable	O
for	O
96	O
h	O
and	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
study	O
its	O
biodistribution	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
isoproterenol	O
-	O
induced	T-0
acute	T-0
myocardial	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Histological	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
the	O
rats	O
developed	T-2
an	T-2
infarct	B-Disease
18	O
h	O
after	T-1
isoproterenol	O
administration	O
.	O

Histological	O
studies	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
the	O
rats	O
developed	O
an	O
infarct	O
18	O
h	O
after	T-0
isoproterenol	B-Chemical
administration	T-1
.	O

Thirty	O
minutes	O
after	O
99mTc	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
glucarate	I-Chemical
administration	T-0
the	O
standardised	O
heart	O
uptake	O
value	O
S	O
(	O
h	O
)	O
UV	O
was	O
4	O
.	O
7	O
in	O
infarcted	O
rat	O
heart	O
which	O
is	O
six	O
times	O
more	O
than	O
in	O
normal	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
high	O
image	O
quality	O
suggests	O
that	O
high	O
contrast	O
images	O
can	O
be	O
obtained	O
in	O
humans	O
and	O
the	O
96	O
h	O
stability	O
makes	O
it	O
an	O
ideal	O
agent	O
to	T-0
detect	T-0
,	O
in	O
patients	O
,	O
early	O
cardiac	B-Disease
infarction	I-Disease
.	O

Bupropion	B-Chemical
(	O
Zyban	O
)	O
toxicity	T-0
.	O

Bupropion	T-0
(	O
Zyban	B-Chemical
)	O
toxicity	T-1
.	O

Bupropion	T-0
(	O
Zyban	O
)	O
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Bupropion	B-Chemical
is	T-0
a	T-0
monocyclic	O
antidepressant	O
structurally	O
related	O
to	O
amphetamine	O
.	O

Bupropion	T-1
is	T-1
a	T-1
monocyclic	T-1
antidepressant	B-Chemical
structurally	T-2
related	T-2
to	T-2
amphetamine	T-2
.	O

Bupropion	O
is	O
a	O
monocyclic	O
antidepressant	T-0
structurally	O
related	T-1
to	T-1
amphetamine	B-Chemical
.	O

Zyban	B-Chemical
,	O
a	T-1
sustained	T-1
-	T-0
release	T-0
formulation	T-0
of	O
bupropion	O
hydrochloride	O
,	O
was	O
recently	O
released	O
in	O
Ireland	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
smoking	O
cessation	O
aid	O
.	O

Zyban	O
,	O
a	O
sustained	O
-	O
release	O
formulation	T-0
of	T-0
bupropion	B-Chemical
hydrochloride	I-Chemical
,	O
was	O
recently	O
released	O
in	O
Ireland	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
smoking	O
cessation	O
aid	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
initial	O
6	O
months	O
since	O
it	O
'	O
s	O
introduction	O
,	O
12	O
overdose	B-Disease
cases	T-0
have	O
been	O
reported	O
to	O
The	O
National	O
Poisons	O
Information	O
Centre	O
.	O

8	O
patients	O
developed	O
symptoms	T-0
of	T-0
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Common	O
features	O
included	T-0
tachycardia	B-Disease
,	O
drowsiness	T-1
,	O
hallucinations	O
and	O
convulsions	O
.	O

Common	T-2
features	T-2
included	T-0
tachycardia	O
,	O
drowsiness	T-1
,	O
hallucinations	B-Disease
and	O
convulsions	O
.	O

Common	T-1
features	T-1
included	O
tachycardia	T-0
,	O
drowsiness	O
,	O
hallucinations	O
and	O
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	T-1
severe	T-1
cardiac	B-Disease
arrhythmias	I-Disease
,	O
including	T-0
one	T-0
patient	T-0
who	O
was	O
resuscitated	O
following	O
a	O
cardiac	O
arrest	O
.	O

Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
severe	O
cardiac	O
arrhythmias	O
,	O
including	O
one	O
patient	O
who	O
was	O
resuscitated	T-0
following	T-0
a	T-0
cardiac	B-Disease
arrest	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
31	O
year	O
old	O
female	O
who	O
required	O
admission	O
to	O
the	O
Intensive	O
Care	O
Unit	O
for	O
ventilation	O
and	O
full	O
supportive	O
therapy	O
,	O
following	O
ingestion	T-0
of	T-0
13	O
.	O
5g	O
bupropion	B-Chemical
.	O

Recurrent	T-1
seizures	B-Disease
were	T-0
treated	T-0
with	O
diazepam	O
and	O
broad	O
complex	O
tachycardia	O
was	O
successfully	O
treated	O
with	O
adenosine	O
.	O

Recurrent	T-2
seizures	T-2
were	T-0
treated	T-3
with	T-3
diazepam	B-Chemical
and	O
broad	O
complex	O
tachycardia	O
was	O
successfully	T-1
treated	T-1
with	T-1
adenosine	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
seizures	O
were	O
treated	T-0
with	O
diazepam	O
and	O
broad	O
complex	O
tachycardia	B-Disease
was	O
successfully	O
treated	T-1
with	O
adenosine	O
.	O

Recurrent	O
seizures	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
diazepam	T-1
and	O
broad	O
complex	O
tachycardia	O
was	O
successfully	T-0
treated	T-2
with	T-2
adenosine	B-Chemical
.	O

Zyban	B-Chemical
caused	O
significant	O
neurological	O
and	O
cardiovascular	O
toxicity	T-1
in	T-0
overdose	T-0
.	O

Zyban	O
caused	T-0
significant	T-0
neurological	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
cardiovascular	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
in	O
overdose	O
.	O

Zyban	O
caused	T-0
significant	O
neurological	O
and	O
cardiovascular	O
toxicity	O
in	O
overdose	B-Disease
.	O

GLEPP1	T-0
receptor	T-0
tyrosine	B-Chemical
phosphatase	O
(	O
Ptpro	O
)	O
in	T-1
rat	T-1
PAN	T-1
nephrosis	T-1
.	O

GLEPP1	O
receptor	O
tyrosine	O
phosphatase	O
(	O
Ptpro	O
)	O
in	T-0
rat	T-0
PAN	B-Chemical
nephrosis	T-1
.	T-1

GLEPP1	O
receptor	O
tyrosine	O
phosphatase	O
(	O
Ptpro	O
)	O
in	T-0
rat	O
PAN	O
nephrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Glomerular	O
epithelial	O
protein	O
1	O
(	O
GLEPP1	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
podocyte	O
receptor	T-0
membrane	T-0
protein	T-0
tyrosine	B-Chemical
phosphatase	T-1
located	O
on	O
the	O
apical	O
cell	O
membrane	O
of	O
visceral	O
glomerular	O
epithelial	O
cell	O
and	O
foot	O
processes	O
.	O

To	O
better	O
understand	O
the	O
utility	T-2
of	T-2
GLEPP1	T-2
as	T-2
a	T-2
marker	T-2
of	T-1
glomerular	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
,	O
the	T-0
amount	T-0
and	T-0
distribution	T-0
of	O
GLEPP1	O
protein	O
and	O
mRNA	O
were	O
examined	O
by	O
immunohistochemistry	O
,	O
Western	O
blot	O
and	O
RNase	O
protection	O
assay	O
in	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
podocyte	O
injury	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
nephrosis	O
was	T-1
induced	T-1
by	T-1
single	O
intraperitoneal	T-0
injection	T-0
of	T-0
puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
(	O
PAN	O
,	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
100g	O
BW	O
)	O
.	O

Puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
nephrosis	B-Disease
was	T-0
induced	T-0
by	O
single	O
intraperitoneal	O
injection	O
of	O
puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
(	O
PAN	O
,	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
100g	O
BW	O
)	O
.	O

Puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
nephrosis	O
was	O
induced	O
by	O
single	O
intraperitoneal	O
injection	T-1
of	T-1
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	O
,	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
100g	O
BW	O
)	O
.	O

Puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
nephrosis	O
was	O
induced	O
by	O
single	O
intraperitoneal	O
injection	T-0
of	T-0
puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
,	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
100g	O
BW	O
)	O
.	O

Tissues	O
were	O
analyzed	T-0
at	T-0
0	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
11	O
,	O
21	O
,	O
45	O
,	O
80	O
and	T-3
126	T-3
days	T-3
after	T-3
PAN	B-Chemical
injection	T-4
so	O
as	O
to	T-2
include	T-2
both	O
the	O
acute	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	O
associated	O
with	O
foot	O
process	O
effacement	O
(	O
days	O
5	O
-	O
11	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
chronic	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	O
associated	O
with	O
glomerulosclerosis	O
(	O
days	O
45	O
-	O
126	O
)	O
.	O

Tissues	O
were	O
analyzed	O
at	O
0	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
11	O
,	O
21	O
,	O
45	O
,	O
80	O
and	O
126	O
days	O
after	O
PAN	O
injection	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
include	O
both	O
the	O
acute	O
phase	T-0
of	T-0
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
foot	O
process	O
effacement	O
(	O
days	O
5	O
-	O
11	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
chronic	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	O
associated	O
with	O
glomerulosclerosis	O
(	O
days	O
45	O
-	O
126	O
)	O
.	O

Tissues	O
were	O
analyzed	O
at	O
0	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
11	O
,	O
21	O
,	O
45	O
,	O
80	O
and	O
126	O
days	O
after	O
PAN	O
injection	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
include	O
both	O
the	O
acute	T-0
phase	T-0
of	O
proteinuria	O
associated	O
with	O
foot	O
process	O
effacement	O
(	O
days	O
5	O
-	O
11	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
chronic	T-1
phase	T-1
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
associated	T-2
with	O
glomerulosclerosis	O
(	O
days	O
45	O
-	O
126	O
)	O
.	O

Tissues	O
were	O
analyzed	O
at	O
0	O
,	O
5	O
,	O
7	O
,	O
11	O
,	O
21	O
,	O
45	O
,	O
80	O
and	O
126	O
days	O
after	O
PAN	O
injection	O
so	O
as	O
to	O
include	O
both	O
the	O
acute	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	O
associated	O
with	O
foot	O
process	O
effacement	O
(	O
days	O
5	O
-	O
11	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
chronic	O
phase	O
of	O
proteinuria	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
(	O
days	O
45	O
-	O
126	O
)	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
GLEPP1	O
expression	O
,	O
unlike	O
podocalyxin	O
,	O
reflects	O
podocyte	O
injury	O
induced	T-1
by	T-1
PAN	B-Chemical
.	O

Antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
in	T-0
the	T-0
treatment	T-0
of	T-0
D	O
-	O
penicillamine	O
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	O
anemia	O
.	O

Antithymocyte	O
globulin	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	T-0
of	T-0
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
aplastic	O
anemia	O
.	O

Antithymocyte	O
globulin	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	T-0
of	T-0
D	O
-	O
penicillamine	O
-	O
induced	O
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

A	O
patient	T-0
who	O
received	T-1
antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
therapy	O
for	O
aplastic	O
anemia	O
due	O
to	O
D	O
-	O
penicillamine	O
therapy	O
is	O
described	O
.	O

A	T-0
patient	T-0
who	O
received	T-3
antithymocyte	T-3
globulin	T-3
therapy	T-3
for	T-1
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
due	T-4
to	T-4
D	T-4
-	T-4
penicillamine	T-4
therapy	T-4
is	O
described	O
.	O

A	O
patient	O
who	O
received	O
antithymocyte	O
globulin	O
therapy	O
for	O
aplastic	O
anemia	O
due	T-1
to	T-1
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
therapy	T-0
is	O
described	O
.	O

Use	T-0
of	T-0
antithymocyte	B-Chemical
globulin	I-Chemical
may	O
be	O
the	O
optimal	O
treatment	O
of	O
D	O
-	O
penicillamine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
aplastic	O
anemia	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
antithymocyte	O
globulin	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
optimal	O
treatment	T-0
of	T-0
D	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
penicillamine	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
aplastic	O
anemia	O
.	O

Use	O
of	O
antithymocyte	O
globulin	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
optimal	O
treatment	O
of	O
D	O
-	O
penicillamine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
aplastic	B-Disease
anemia	I-Disease
.	O

Metamizol	B-Chemical
potentiates	T-0
morphine	O
antinociception	O
but	O
not	O
constipation	O
after	T-1
chronic	T-1
treatment	T-1
.	O

Metamizol	O
potentiates	T-0
morphine	B-Chemical
antinociception	O
but	O
not	O
constipation	O
after	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
.	O

Metamizol	T-3
potentiates	T-3
morphine	T-3
antinociception	T-3
but	T-2
not	T-2
constipation	B-Disease
after	O
chronic	T-1
treatment	T-1
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
antinociceptive	T-0
and	O
constipating	B-Disease
effects	T-2
of	T-2
the	O
combination	O
of	O
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
morphine	O
with	O
177	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
metamizol	O
in	O
acutely	O
and	O
chronically	O
treated	O
(	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
12	O
days	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
antinociceptive	O
and	O
constipating	T-0
effects	T-0
of	O
the	O
combination	T-1
of	T-1
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
morphine	B-Chemical
with	O
177	O
.	O
8	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
metamizol	O
in	O
acutely	O
and	O
chronically	O
treated	O
(	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
12	O
days	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
work	O
evaluates	O
the	O
antinociceptive	O
and	O
constipating	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
combination	T-2
of	T-2
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O
morphine	O
with	O
177	O
.	O
8	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
kg	T-0
s	T-0
.	T-0
c	T-0
.	T-0
metamizol	B-Chemical
in	T-1
acutely	T-1
and	O
chronically	O
treated	O
(	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
for	O
12	O
days	O
)	O
rats	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
13th	O
day	O
,	O
antinociceptive	O
effects	O
were	O
assessed	O
using	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
nociception	O
,	O
pain	B-Disease
-	O
induced	T-0
functional	O
impairment	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
charcoal	O
meal	O
test	O
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
13th	O
day	O
,	O
antinociceptive	O
effects	O
were	O
assessed	O
using	O
a	O
model	O
of	O
inflammatory	O
nociception	O
,	O
pain	O
-	O
induced	O
functional	O
impairment	O
model	O
,	O
and	T-0
the	T-0
charcoal	B-Chemical
meal	O
test	T-1
was	O
used	O
to	O
evaluate	O
the	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
.	O

Simultaneous	O
administration	T-0
of	T-0
morphine	B-Chemical
with	O
metamizol	O
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
markedly	O
antinociceptive	O
potentiation	O
and	O
an	O
increasing	O
of	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
action	O
after	O
a	O
single	O
(	O
298	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
vs	O
.	O
139	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
36	O
units	O
area	O
(	O
ua	O
)	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
repeated	O
administration	O
(	O
280	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
vs	O
.	O
131	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
22	O
ua	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Simultaneous	O
administration	T-0
of	T-0
morphine	O
with	O
metamizol	B-Chemical
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
markedly	O
antinociceptive	O
potentiation	O
and	O
an	O
increasing	O
of	O
the	O
duration	T-1
of	T-1
action	T-1
after	O
a	O
single	O
(	O
298	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
vs	O
.	O
139	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
36	O
units	O
area	O
(	O
ua	O
)	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
and	O
repeated	T-2
administration	T-2
(	O
280	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
vs	O
.	O
131	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
22	O
ua	O
;	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Antinociceptive	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
morphine	B-Chemical
was	O
reduced	O
in	O
chronically	T-1
treated	T-1
rats	O
(	O
39	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
10	O
vs	O
.	O
18	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
5	O
au	O
)	O
while	O
the	O
combination	O
-	O
induced	O
antinociception	O
was	O
remained	O
similar	O
as	O
an	O
acute	O
treatment	O
(	O
298	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
7	O
vs	O
.	O
280	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
17	O
au	O
)	O
.	O

Acute	O
antinociceptive	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
combination	O
were	O
partially	O
prevented	T-0
by	T-0
3	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
naloxone	B-Chemical
s	O
.	O
c	O
.	O

In	O
independent	T-0
groups	T-0
,	O
morphine	B-Chemical
inhibited	O
the	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
in	O
48	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
and	O
38	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
after	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
tolerance	O
did	O
not	O
develop	O
to	O
the	O
constipating	O
effects	O
.	O

In	O
independent	O
groups	O
,	O
morphine	O
inhibited	O
the	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
in	O
48	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
and	O
38	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
4	O
%	O
after	O
acute	O
and	O
chronic	O
treatment	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
tolerance	T-0
did	O
not	O
develop	O
to	O
the	O
constipating	B-Disease
effects	T-1
.	O

The	O
combination	O
inhibited	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
produced	T-0
by	T-0
morphine	B-Chemical
regardless	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
time	T-1
of	T-1
treatment	T-1
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
metamizol	O
did	O
not	O
potentiate	O
morphine	O
-	O
induced	O
constipation	O
.	O

The	O
combination	O
inhibited	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
produced	O
by	O
morphine	T-0
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
suggesting	T-2
that	T-2
metamizol	B-Chemical
did	T-3
not	T-3
potentiate	T-3
morphine	T-3
-	O
induced	O
constipation	O
.	O

The	O
combination	O
inhibited	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
produced	O
by	O
morphine	O
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
metamizol	O
did	O
not	O
potentiate	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
constipation	T-0
.	O

The	O
combination	O
inhibited	O
intestinal	O
transit	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
produced	O
by	O
morphine	O
regardless	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
of	O
treatment	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
metamizol	O
did	O
not	O
potentiate	O
morphine	T-1
-	T-1
induced	T-1
constipation	B-Disease
.	O

These	O
findings	O
show	O
a	O
significant	O
interaction	T-0
between	T-1
morphine	B-Chemical
and	T-2
metamizol	O
in	O
chronically	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
this	O
combination	O
could	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
chronic	O
pain	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
show	O
a	O
significant	O
interaction	O
between	O
morphine	T-1
and	T-1
metamizol	B-Chemical
in	T-2
chronically	T-2
treated	T-2
rats	T-2
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
this	O
combination	O
could	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
chronic	O
pain	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
show	O
a	O
significant	O
interaction	O
between	O
morphine	O
and	O
metamizol	O
in	O
chronically	O
treated	O
rats	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
this	O
combination	O
could	O
be	O
useful	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	T-0
of	O
chronic	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
.	O

Ifosfamide	B-Chemical
encephalopathy	O
presenting	T-0
with	O
asterixis	O
.	O

Ifosfamide	T-0
encephalopathy	B-Disease
presenting	T-1
with	O
asterixis	O
.	O

Ifosfamide	T-0
encephalopathy	T-0
presenting	T-1
with	T-1
asterixis	B-Disease
.	O

CNS	O
toxic	T-0
effects	T-0
of	O
the	O
antineoplastic	O
agent	T-2
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
(	O
IFX	O
)	O
are	T-3
frequent	T-3
and	O
include	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
neurological	O
symptoms	O
that	O
can	O
limit	T-1
drug	T-1
use	T-1
.	O

CNS	O
toxic	T-0
effects	T-0
of	O
the	O
antineoplastic	O
agent	O
ifosfamide	O
(	O
IFX	B-Chemical
)	O
are	O
frequent	O
and	O
include	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
neurological	O
symptoms	O
that	O
can	O
limit	O
drug	O
use	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	T-1
case	T-1
of	O
a	O
51	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
developed	T-2
severe	O
,	O
disabling	O
negative	O
myoclonus	B-Disease
of	O
the	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
extremities	O
after	O
the	O
infusion	O
of	O
ifosfamide	O
for	O
plasmacytoma	O
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
51	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
developed	O
severe	O
,	O
disabling	O
negative	O
myoclonus	O
of	O
the	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
extremities	O
after	O
the	O
infusion	T-1
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
for	T-0
plasmacytoma	T-0
.	O

We	O
report	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
51	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
who	O
developed	O
severe	O
,	O
disabling	O
negative	O
myoclonus	O
of	O
the	O
upper	O
and	O
lower	O
extremities	O
after	O
the	O
infusion	T-1
of	T-1
ifosfamide	T-0
for	T-0
plasmacytoma	B-Disease
.	O

Cranial	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
extensive	O
laboratory	O
studies	O
failed	O
to	O
reveal	T-1
structural	B-Disease
lesions	I-Disease
of	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
brain	I-Disease
and	O
metabolic	T-0
abnormalities	T-0
.	O

Cranial	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
and	O
extensive	O
laboratory	O
studies	T-0
failed	T-0
to	T-0
reveal	T-0
structural	O
lesions	O
of	O
the	O
brain	O
and	O
metabolic	B-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
.	O

An	O
electroencephalogram	O
showed	O
continuous	O
,	O
generalized	O
irregular	O
slowing	O
with	O
admixed	O
periodic	O
triphasic	O
waves	O
indicating	O
symptomatic	T-0
encephalopathy	B-Disease
.	O

The	T-0
administration	T-0
of	T-0
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
within	O
12	O
h	O
the	O
asterixis	O
resolved	O
completely	O
.	O

The	O
administration	O
of	O
ifosfamide	O
was	O
discontinued	O
and	O
within	O
12	O
h	O
the	T-0
asterixis	B-Disease
resolved	T-1
completely	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
patient	O
described	O
,	O
the	O
presence	T-1
of	T-1
asterixis	B-Disease
during	T-0
infusion	T-0
of	T-0
ifosfamide	T-0
,	O
normal	O
laboratory	O
findings	O
and	O
imaging	O
studies	O
and	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
following	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
suggest	O
that	O
negative	O
myoclonus	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
IFX	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
patient	O
described	O
,	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
asterixis	O
during	O
infusion	T-0
of	O
ifosfamide	B-Chemical
,	O
normal	O
laboratory	O
findings	T-1
and	O
imaging	O
studies	T-2
and	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
following	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
suggest	O
that	O
negative	O
myoclonus	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
IFX	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
patient	O
described	O
,	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
asterixis	O
during	O
infusion	O
of	O
ifosfamide	O
,	O
normal	O
laboratory	O
findings	O
and	O
imaging	O
studies	O
and	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
following	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
suggest	O
that	O
negative	T-1
myoclonus	B-Disease
is	T-0
associated	T-0
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
IFX	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
patient	O
described	O
,	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
asterixis	O
during	O
infusion	O
of	O
ifosfamide	O
,	O
normal	O
laboratory	O
findings	O
and	O
imaging	O
studies	O
and	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
symptoms	O
following	O
the	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
suggest	O
that	O
negative	O
myoclonus	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	T-0
of	T-0
IFX	B-Chemical
.	O

Antagonism	O
between	O
interleukin	O
3	O
and	O
erythropoietin	O
in	O
mice	T-0
with	T-0
azidothymidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
anemia	O
and	O
in	O
bone	O
marrow	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
.	O

Antagonism	T-0
between	O
interleukin	O
3	O
and	O
erythropoietin	O
in	O
mice	O
with	O
azidothymidine	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	B-Disease
and	O
in	O
bone	T-1
marrow	T-1
endothelial	T-1
cells	T-1
.	O

Azidothymidine	B-Chemical
(	O
AZT	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
anemia	O
in	O
mice	O
can	O
be	O
reversed	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
(	O
fusion	O
protein	O
of	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
II	O
(	O
IGF	O
II	O
)	O
and	O
interleukin	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

Azidothymidine	O
(	O
AZT	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	T-0
anemia	O
in	O
mice	O
can	O
be	O
reversed	O
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
(	O
fusion	O
protein	O
of	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
II	O
(	O
IGF	O
II	O
)	O
and	O
interleukin	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

Azidothymidine	O
(	T-0
AZT	T-0
)	T-0
-	T-0
induced	T-0
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
can	T-1
be	T-1
reversed	T-1
by	O
the	O
administration	O
of	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
(	O
fusion	O
protein	O
of	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
II	O
(	O
IGF	O
II	O
)	O
and	O
interleukin	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

Although	O
interleukin	O
3	O
(	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
)	O
and	O
erythropoietin	O
(	O
EPO	O
)	O
are	O
known	O
to	O
act	O
synergistically	O
on	O
hematopoietic	O
cell	O
proliferation	O
in	O
vitro	O
,	O
injection	T-1
of	T-1
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
EPO	O
in	T-0
AZT	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	T-2
mice	T-2
resulted	O
in	O
a	O
reduction	O
of	O
red	O
cells	O
and	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
plasma	O
EPO	O
levels	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
animals	O
treated	O
with	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
or	O
EPO	O
alone	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
significant	O
reduction	T-1
of	T-1
thymidine	B-Chemical
incorporation	T-2
into	T-2
both	O
erythroid	O
and	O
endothelial	O
cells	O
in	O
cultures	O
pre	O
-	O
treated	O
with	O
IGF	O
-	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
and	O
EPO	O
.	O

Endothelial	O
cell	O
culture	O
supernatants	O
separated	O
by	O
ultrafiltration	O
and	O
ultracentrifugation	O
from	O
cells	O
treated	O
with	O
EPO	O
and	O
IL	O
-	O
3	O
significantly	T-0
reduced	T-0
thymidine	B-Chemical
incorporation	O
into	O
erythroid	O
cells	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
identical	O
fractions	O
obtained	O
from	O
the	O
media	O
of	O
cells	O
cultured	O
with	O
EPO	O
alone	O
.	O

The	O
relationship	O
between	O
hippocampal	O
acetylcholine	O
release	O
and	O
cholinergic	O
convulsant	O
sensitivity	O
in	T-0
withdrawal	T-0
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
prone	T-1
and	T-1
withdrawal	T-1
seizure	T-1
-	O
resistant	O
selected	O
mouse	O
lines	O
.	O

The	O
relationship	O
between	O
hippocampal	O
acetylcholine	O
release	O
and	O
cholinergic	O
convulsant	O
sensitivity	O
in	O
withdrawal	O
seizure	O
-	O
prone	O
and	O
withdrawal	T-0
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
resistant	T-1
selected	T-1
mouse	T-1
lines	T-1
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
The	O
septo	O
-	O
hippocampal	O
cholinergic	O
pathway	O
has	O
been	O
implicated	O
in	O
epileptogenesis	O
,	O
and	O
genetic	O
factors	O
influence	O
the	O
response	O
to	O
cholinergic	O
agents	O
,	O
but	O
limited	O
data	O
are	O
available	O
on	O
cholinergic	O
involvement	O
in	T-1
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	T-2
severity	T-2
.	T-1

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
cholinergic	O
activity	O
and	O
responsiveness	O
and	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	T-0
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
a	O
genetic	O
animal	O
model	O
of	O
ethanol	O
withdrawal	O
severity	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
cholinergic	T-0
activity	T-0
and	O
responsiveness	O
and	O
alcohol	T-1
withdrawal	T-1
was	O
investigated	O
in	O
a	O
genetic	O
animal	O
model	T-4
of	T-4
ethanol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	T-3
severity	T-3
.	T-3

METHODS	O
:	O
Cholinergic	O
convulsant	O
sensitivity	O
was	O
examined	T-0
in	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
-	O
na	T-1
ve	T-1
Withdrawal	T-1
Seizure	T-1
-	O
Prone	O
(	O
WSP	O
)	O
and	O
-	O
Resistant	O
(	O
WSR	O
)	O
mice	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Cholinergic	O
convulsant	O
sensitivity	O
was	O
examined	O
in	O
alcohol	O
-	O
na	O
ve	O
Withdrawal	T-0
Seizure	B-Disease
-	O
Prone	T-1
(	T-1
WSP	T-1
)	T-1
and	T-1
-	T-1
Resistant	T-1
(	T-1
WSR	T-1
)	T-1
mice	T-1
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
administered	T-1
nicotine	B-Chemical
,	O
carbachol	T-2
,	O
or	O
neostigmine	O
via	O
timed	O
tail	O
vein	O
infusion	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
latencies	O
to	O
onset	O
of	O
tremor	O
and	O
clonus	O
were	O
recorded	O
and	O
converted	O
to	O
threshold	O
dose	O
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
administered	T-0
nicotine	O
,	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
,	O
or	O
neostigmine	O
via	O
timed	O
tail	O
vein	O
infusion	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
latencies	O
to	O
onset	O
of	O
tremor	O
and	O
clonus	O
were	O
recorded	O
and	O
converted	O
to	O
threshold	O
dose	O
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
administered	T-1
nicotine	O
,	O
carbachol	O
,	O
or	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
via	T-0
timed	T-0
tail	O
vein	O
infusion	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
latencies	O
to	O
onset	O
of	O
tremor	O
and	O
clonus	O
were	O
recorded	O
and	O
converted	O
to	O
threshold	T-2
dose	T-2
.	O

Animals	O
were	O
administered	O
nicotine	O
,	O
carbachol	O
,	O
or	O
neostigmine	O
via	O
timed	O
tail	O
vein	O
infusion	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
latencies	O
to	O
onset	T-0
of	T-0
tremor	B-Disease
and	O
clonus	O
were	O
recorded	O
and	O
converted	O
to	O
threshold	O
dose	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
used	T-3
microdialysis	T-0
to	O
measure	O
basal	O
and	O
potassium	B-Chemical
-	O
stimulated	T-1
acetylcholine	O
(	O
ACh	O
)	O
release	T-2
in	O
the	O
CA1	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
used	O
microdialysis	O
to	O
measure	O
basal	O
and	O
potassium	O
-	O
stimulated	T-0
acetylcholine	B-Chemical
(	O
ACh	O
)	O
release	T-1
in	T-1
the	T-1
CA1	T-1
region	T-1
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

We	O
also	O
used	O
microdialysis	O
to	O
measure	O
basal	O
and	O
potassium	O
-	O
stimulated	O
acetylcholine	O
(	O
ACh	B-Chemical
)	O
release	T-0
in	O
the	O
CA1	O
region	O
of	O
the	O
hippocampus	O
.	O

Potassium	B-Chemical
was	T-0
applied	T-1
by	O
reverse	O
dialysis	O
twice	O
,	O
separated	O
by	O
75	O
min	O
.	O

Hippocampal	O
ACh	B-Chemical
also	O
was	T-0
measured	T-0
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	O
.	O

Hippocampal	O
ACh	O
also	O
was	O
measured	O
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	T-0
convulsions	B-Disease
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sensitivity	T-0
to	T-0
several	O
convulsion	B-Disease
endpoints	O
induced	T-2
by	O
nicotine	O
,	O
carbachol	O
,	O
and	O
neostigmine	O
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
in	O
WSR	O
versus	T-3
WSP	O
mice	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sensitivity	O
to	O
several	O
convulsion	O
endpoints	O
induced	T-0
by	O
nicotine	B-Chemical
,	O
carbachol	O
,	O
and	O
neostigmine	O
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
in	O
WSR	O
versus	O
WSP	O
mice	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sensitivity	O
to	O
several	O
convulsion	O
endpoints	O
induced	T-2
by	T-2
nicotine	T-0
,	O
carbachol	B-Chemical
,	O
and	T-1
neostigmine	T-1
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
in	O
WSR	O
versus	O
WSP	O
mice	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sensitivity	O
to	O
several	O
convulsion	O
endpoints	O
induced	T-1
by	T-1
nicotine	O
,	O
carbachol	O
,	O
and	O
neostigmine	B-Chemical
were	T-0
significantly	T-0
greater	O
in	O
WSR	O
versus	O
WSP	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
microdialysis	O
experiments	O
,	O
the	O
lines	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
in	O
basal	T-2
release	T-2
of	T-2
ACh	B-Chemical
,	O
and	O
50	O
mM	O
KCl	O
increased	T-0
ACh	O
output	O
in	O
both	O
lines	O
of	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
microdialysis	O
experiments	O
,	O
the	O
lines	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
in	O
basal	O
release	O
of	O
ACh	O
,	O
and	O
50	O
mM	O
KCl	B-Chemical
increased	T-0
ACh	O
output	O
in	O
both	O
lines	O
of	O
mice	O
.	O

In	O
microdialysis	O
experiments	O
,	O
the	O
lines	O
did	O
not	O
differ	O
in	O
basal	O
release	O
of	O
ACh	O
,	O
and	O
50	O
mM	O
KCl	O
increased	T-0
ACh	B-Chemical
output	T-1
in	O
both	O
lines	O
of	O
mice	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
release	T-0
of	T-0
ACh	B-Chemical
produced	T-1
by	T-1
the	O
first	O
application	O
of	O
KCl	O
was	O
2	O
-	O
fold	O
higher	O
in	O
WSP	O
versus	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
release	O
of	O
ACh	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
first	T-0
application	T-0
of	T-0
KCl	B-Chemical
was	T-1
2	T-1
-	O
fold	O
higher	O
in	O
WSP	O
versus	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

When	T-0
hippocampal	T-0
ACh	B-Chemical
was	O
measured	T-1
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	T-2
convulsions	O
,	O
extracellular	O
ACh	O
was	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
192	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSP	O
mice	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
nonsignificantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
59	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

When	O
hippocampal	O
ACh	O
was	O
measured	O
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	T-0
convulsions	B-Disease
,	O
extracellular	O
ACh	O
was	O
significantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
192	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSP	O
mice	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
nonsignificantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
59	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

When	O
hippocampal	O
ACh	O
was	O
measured	O
during	O
testing	O
for	O
handling	O
-	O
induced	O
convulsions	O
,	O
extracellular	O
ACh	B-Chemical
was	T-1
significantly	T-1
elevated	T-1
(	O
192	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSP	O
mice	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
nonsignificantly	O
elevated	O
(	O
59	O
%	O
)	O
in	O
WSR	O
mice	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
differences	O
in	O
cholinergic	O
activity	O
and	O
postsynaptic	O
sensitivity	T-0
to	T-0
cholinergic	T-0
convulsants	B-Disease
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
ethanol	O
withdrawal	O
severity	O
and	O
implicate	O
cholinergic	O
mechanisms	O
in	O
alcohol	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
differences	O
in	O
cholinergic	O
activity	O
and	O
postsynaptic	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
cholinergic	T-0
convulsants	T-0
may	O
be	O
associated	T-1
with	T-1
ethanol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	T-2
severity	T-2
and	O
implicate	O
cholinergic	O
mechanisms	O
in	O
alcohol	O
withdrawal	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
These	O
results	O
suggest	O
that	O
differences	O
in	O
cholinergic	O
activity	O
and	O
postsynaptic	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
cholinergic	O
convulsants	O
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
ethanol	O
withdrawal	O
severity	O
and	O
implicate	O
cholinergic	T-0
mechanisms	T-0
in	O
alcohol	B-Chemical
withdrawal	O
.	O

Specifically	O
,	O
WSP	O
mice	O
may	O
have	O
lower	O
sensitivity	T-0
to	O
cholinergic	O
convulsants	B-Disease
compared	O
with	O
WSR	O
because	O
of	O
postsynaptic	O
receptor	O
desensitization	O
brought	O
on	O
by	O
higher	O
activity	O
of	O
cholinergic	O
neurons	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
muscle	O
pain	O
alters	O
the	O
excitability	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
jaw	O
-	O
stretch	O
reflex	O
.	O

Capsaicin	T-0
-	T-0
induced	T-0
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
alters	O
the	O
excitability	O
of	O
the	O
human	O
jaw	O
-	O
stretch	O
reflex	O
.	O

The	O
pathophysiology	O
of	T-0
painful	T-0
temporomandibular	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
is	O
not	O
fully	O
understood	O
,	O
but	O
evidence	O
suggests	O
that	O
muscle	O
pain	O
modulates	O
motor	O
function	O
in	O
characteristic	O
ways	O
.	O

The	O
pathophysiology	O
of	O
painful	O
temporomandibular	T-0
disorders	T-0
is	O
not	O
fully	O
understood	O
,	O
but	O
evidence	O
suggests	O
that	O
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
modulates	T-1
motor	O
function	O
in	O
characteristic	O
ways	O
.	O

Capsaicin	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
micro	O
g	O
)	O
was	T-0
injected	T-0
into	O
the	O
masseter	O
muscle	O
to	O
induce	O
pain	O
in	O
11	O
healthy	O
volunteers	O
.	O

Capsaicin	O
(	O
10	O
micro	O
g	O
)	O
was	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
masseter	O
muscle	O
to	T-0
induce	T-0
pain	B-Disease
in	T-1
11	T-1
healthy	T-1
volunteers	T-1
.	O

Short	O
-	O
latency	O
reflex	O
responses	O
were	O
evoked	O
in	O
the	O
masseter	O
and	O
temporalis	O
muscles	O
by	O
a	O
stretch	O
device	O
with	O
different	O
velocities	O
and	O
displacements	T-0
before	T-0
,	T-0
during	T-0
,	T-0
and	T-0
after	T-1
the	T-1
pain	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
normalized	T-0
reflex	O
amplitude	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
during	T-1
pain	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
only	O
at	O
faster	O
stretches	O
in	O
the	O
painful	O
muscle	O
.	O

The	O
normalized	O
reflex	O
amplitude	O
was	O
significantly	O
higher	O
during	O
pain	O
,	O
but	O
only	O
at	O
faster	O
stretches	O
in	T-0
the	T-0
painful	B-Disease
muscle	I-Disease
.	O

Increased	O
sensitivity	O
of	O
the	O
fusimotor	O
system	O
during	O
acute	T-0
muscle	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
could	O
be	O
one	O
likely	O
mechanism	O
to	O
explain	O
the	O
findings	O
.	O

Effects	T-1
of	T-1
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	T-0
into	O
the	O
accumbal	O
shell	O
or	O
core	O
on	O
the	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Effects	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbal	O
shell	O
or	O
core	O
on	O
the	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
subregions	O
of	O
the	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
the	O
shell	O
and	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
on	T-0
the	T-0
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
induced	T-1
by	T-1
cocaine	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
subregions	O
of	O
the	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
the	O
shell	O
and	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
on	O
the	O
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
cocaine	B-Chemical
in	T-1
rats	T-1
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
implanted	O
bilaterally	O
with	O
cannulae	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
or	O
core	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
were	O
locally	O
injected	T-1
with	T-1
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
an	O
antagonist	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
)	O
or	O
CP	O
93129	O
(	O
an	O
agonist	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
)	O
.	O

Male	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	O
implanted	O
bilaterally	O
with	O
cannulae	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
or	O
core	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
were	O
locally	T-0
injected	T-0
with	T-0
GR	O
55562	O
(	O
an	O
antagonist	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
)	O
or	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
an	O
agonist	O
of	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptors	O
)	O
.	O

Given	T-1
alone	T-1
to	O
any	O
accumbal	O
subregion	T-0
,	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
or	O
CP	O
93129	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
did	O
not	O
change	O
basal	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

Given	O
alone	O
to	O
any	O
accumbal	O
subregion	O
,	O
GR	O
55562	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
or	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
did	T-0
not	T-0
change	T-0
basal	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
.	O

Systemic	T-0
cocaine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
significantly	T-1
increased	T-1
the	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
of	O
rats	O
.	O

GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
,	O
administered	T-0
intra	O
-	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
prior	O
to	O
cocaine	O
,	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
attenuated	O
the	O
psychostimulant	O
-	O
induced	T-1
locomotor	O
hyperactivity	O
.	O

GR	O
55562	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
intra	O
-	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
prior	T-0
to	T-0
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
attenuated	O
the	O
psychostimulant	O
-	O
induced	T-1
locomotor	T-1
hyperactivity	T-1
.	T-1

GR	O
55562	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
intra	O
-	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
prior	O
to	O
cocaine	O
,	O
dose	O
-	O
dependently	O
attenuated	T-0
the	T-0
psychostimulant	O
-	O
induced	T-1
locomotor	B-Disease
hyperactivity	I-Disease
.	O

Such	O
attenuation	O
was	O
not	O
found	O
in	O
animals	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
injected	T-0
with	T-0
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
into	T-1
the	T-1
accumbens	T-1
core	T-1
.	O

When	T-0
injected	T-0
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
before	T-3
cocaine	B-Chemical
,	T-4
CP	T-4
93129	T-4
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
enhanced	T-1
the	T-1
locomotor	T-1
response	T-1
to	O
cocaine	O
;	O
the	O
maximum	T-2
effect	T-2
being	O
observed	O
after	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
agonist	O
.	O

When	O
injected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
before	T-0
cocaine	T-0
,	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
enhanced	O
the	O
locomotor	O
response	O
to	O
cocaine	O
;	O
the	O
maximum	O
effect	O
being	O
observed	O
after	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
agonist	O
.	O

When	O
injected	T-0
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
(	O
but	O
not	O
the	O
core	O
)	O
before	O
cocaine	O
,	O
CP	O
93129	O
(	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
-	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
enhanced	O
the	O
locomotor	O
response	T-1
to	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
;	O
the	T-2
maximum	T-2
effect	O
being	O
observed	O
after	O
10	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
agonist	O
.	O

The	O
later	O
enhancement	O
was	O
attenuated	O
after	O
intra	O
-	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
treatment	T-1
with	T-1
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
microg	O
/	O
side	O
)	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
induced	T-2
hyperlocomotion	O
is	O
modified	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	T-0
into	T-0
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
core	O
,	O
this	O
modification	O
consisting	O
in	O
inhibitory	T-1
and	T-1
facilitatory	T-1
effects	T-1
of	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
(	O
GR	O
55562	O
)	O
and	O
agonist	O
(	O
CP	O
93129	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
cocaine	O
induced	T-2
hyperlocomotion	B-Disease
is	T-1
modified	T-1
by	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
core	O
,	O
this	O
modification	O
consisting	O
in	O
inhibitory	O
and	O
facilitatory	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
(	O
GR	O
55562	O
)	O
and	O
agonist	O
(	O
CP	O
93129	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
cocaine	O
induced	O
hyperlocomotion	O
is	O
modified	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
core	O
,	O
this	O
modification	O
consisting	O
in	O
inhibitory	O
and	O
facilitatory	T-0
effects	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
(	O
GR	B-Chemical
55562	I-Chemical
)	O
and	O
agonist	O
(	O
CP	O
93129	O
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Our	O
findings	O
indicate	O
that	O
cocaine	O
induced	O
hyperlocomotion	O
is	O
modified	O
by	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
ligands	O
microinjected	O
into	O
the	O
accumbens	O
shell	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
core	O
,	O
this	O
modification	O
consisting	O
in	O
inhibitory	O
and	O
facilitatory	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
5	O
-	O
HT1B	O
receptor	O
antagonist	O
(	O
GR	O
55562	O
)	O
and	O
agonist	T-0
(	O
CP	B-Chemical
93129	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O

Cocaine	B-Chemical
related	T-0
chest	T-0
pain	T-0
:	O
are	O
we	O
seeing	O
the	O
tip	O
of	O
an	O
iceberg	O
?	O

Cocaine	O
related	T-0
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
:	O
are	O
we	O
seeing	O
the	O
tip	O
of	O
an	O
iceberg	O
?	O

The	O
recreational	O
use	T-1
of	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
is	T-0
on	T-0
the	T-0
increase	T-0
.	O

The	O
emergency	O
nurse	O
ought	O
to	O
be	O
familiar	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
cardiovascular	O
consequences	T-2
of	T-2
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	T-1
.	O

In	O
particular	O
,	O
the	O
tendency	T-1
of	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
to	T-0
produce	T-0
chest	O
pain	O
ought	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
the	O
mind	O
of	O
the	O
emergency	O
nurse	O
when	O
faced	O
with	O
a	O
young	O
victim	O
of	O
chest	O
pain	O
who	O
is	O
otherwise	O
at	O
low	O
risk	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
,	O
the	O
tendency	O
of	O
cocaine	O
to	T-0
produce	T-0
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
ought	T-1
to	T-1
be	T-1
in	O
the	O
mind	O
of	O
the	O
emergency	O
nurse	O
when	O
faced	O
with	O
a	O
young	O
victim	O
of	O
chest	O
pain	O
who	O
is	O
otherwise	O
at	O
low	O
risk	O
.	O

In	O
particular	O
,	O
the	O
tendency	O
of	O
cocaine	O
to	O
produce	O
chest	O
pain	O
ought	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
the	O
mind	O
of	O
the	O
emergency	O
nurse	O
when	O
faced	O
with	O
a	O
young	O
victim	T-1
of	T-1
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
who	T-0
is	T-0
otherwise	T-0
at	T-0
low	T-0
risk	T-0
.	O

The	T-1
mechanism	T-1
of	O
chest	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
related	O
to	O
cocaine	O
use	O
is	O
discussed	O
and	O
treatment	O
dilemmas	O
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

The	O
mechanism	O
of	O
chest	O
pain	O
related	T-1
to	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
use	T-0
is	O
discussed	O
and	O
treatment	T-2
dilemmas	T-2
are	O
discussed	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
moral	O
issues	O
relating	O
to	T-1
the	T-1
testing	T-1
of	T-1
potential	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
users	T-2
will	T-2
be	T-2
addressed	T-2
.	O

Crossover	O
comparison	T-1
of	O
efficacy	T-0
and	T-0
preference	O
for	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
10	O
mg	O
versus	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
in	O
migraine	O
.	O

Crossover	O
comparison	T-2
of	T-2
efficacy	T-2
and	O
preference	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
10	O
mg	O
versus	T-0
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	T-3
in	T-3
migraine	T-3
.	O

Crossover	O
comparison	T-1
of	T-1
efficacy	T-1
and	O
preference	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
10	O
mg	O
versus	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	T-0
migraine	T-0
.	O

Crossover	T-1
comparison	T-1
of	O
efficacy	O
and	O
preference	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
10	O
mg	O
versus	T-2
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
in	T-0
migraine	B-Disease
.	O

Rizatriptan	B-Chemical
is	T-0
a	T-0
selective	O
5	O
-	O
HT	O
(	O
1B	O
/	O
1D	O
)	O
receptor	O
agonist	T-1
with	T-1
rapid	O
oral	O
absorption	O
and	O
early	O
onset	O
of	O
action	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
treatment	O
of	O
migraine	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	O
is	T-0
a	T-0
selective	T-0
5	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
HT	I-Chemical
(	O
1B	O
/	O
1D	O
)	O
receptor	T-1
agonist	O
with	O
rapid	O
oral	O
absorption	O
and	O
early	O
onset	O
of	O
action	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
treatment	T-2
of	O
migraine	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	O
is	O
a	O
selective	O
5	O
-	O
HT	O
(	O
1B	O
/	O
1D	O
)	O
receptor	O
agonist	O
with	O
rapid	T-0
oral	T-0
absorption	T-2
and	O
early	O
onset	T-1
of	O
action	O
in	O
the	O
acute	O
treatment	O
of	O
migraine	B-Disease
.	O

This	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
outpatient	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
preference	T-1
for	T-1
1	T-1
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
10	T-2
mg	T-2
tablet	T-2
to	O
2	O
ergotamine	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
caffeine	O
100	O
mg	O
tablets	O
in	O
439	O
patients	O
treating	O
a	O
single	O
migraine	O
attack	O
with	O
each	O
therapy	O
.	O

This	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
outpatient	O
study	O
assessed	T-0
the	T-0
preference	T-0
for	O
1	O
rizatriptan	O
10	O
mg	O
tablet	O
to	O
2	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
1	O
mg	O
/	O
caffeine	O
100	O
mg	O
tablets	O
in	O
439	O
patients	O
treating	O
a	O
single	O
migraine	O
attack	O
with	O
each	O
therapy	O
.	O

This	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
outpatient	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
preference	O
for	O
1	O
rizatriptan	O
10	O
mg	O
tablet	O
to	O
2	O
ergotamine	T-0
1	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
caffeine	B-Chemical
100	T-1
mg	T-1
tablets	T-1
in	O
439	O
patients	O
treating	O
a	O
single	O
migraine	O
attack	O
with	O
each	O
therapy	O
.	O

This	O
randomized	O
double	O
-	O
blind	O
crossover	O
outpatient	O
study	O
assessed	O
the	O
preference	O
for	O
1	O
rizatriptan	O
10	O
mg	O
tablet	O
to	O
2	O
ergotamine	O
1	O
mg	O
/	O
caffeine	O
100	O
mg	O
tablets	O
in	O
439	O
patients	O
treating	T-0
a	T-0
single	T-0
migraine	B-Disease
attack	T-1
with	T-1
each	T-1
therapy	T-1
.	O

Of	O
patients	O
expressing	O
a	O
preference	O
(	O
89	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
twice	T-1
as	T-1
many	T-1
preferred	T-1
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
69	O
.	O
9	O
vs	O
.	O
30	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Of	O
patients	O
expressing	O
a	O
preference	O
(	O
89	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
twice	O
as	O
many	T-0
preferred	T-0
rizatriptan	O
to	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
69	O
.	O
9	O
vs	O
.	O
30	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Of	O
patients	O
expressing	O
a	O
preference	O
(	O
89	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
twice	T-0
as	T-0
many	T-0
preferred	T-0
rizatriptan	O
to	T-1
ergotamine	T-1
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
69	O
.	O
9	O
vs	O
.	O
30	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Faster	O
relief	T-1
of	T-1
headache	B-Disease
was	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
reason	O
for	O
preference	O
,	O
cited	O
by	O
67	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
preferring	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
54	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
preferred	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
.	O

Faster	O
relief	O
of	O
headache	O
was	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
reason	O
for	O
preference	O
,	O
cited	O
by	O
67	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
preferring	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
54	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
who	O
preferred	T-0
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	O
.	O

Faster	T-0
relief	T-0
of	T-0
headache	T-0
was	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
reason	O
for	O
preference	O
,	O
cited	O
by	O
67	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
preferring	T-1
rizatriptan	T-1
and	O
54	O
.	O
2	O
%	O
of	O
patients	T-2
who	T-2
preferred	T-2
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
co	O
-	O
primary	O
endpoint	O
of	T-0
being	T-0
pain	B-Disease
free	T-1
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
also	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
rizatriptan	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
nine	T-0
percent	T-0
of	T-0
patients	T-0
were	O
pain	B-Disease
free	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
rizatriptan	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
treated	O
with	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
within	O
1	O
h	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
pain	O
free	O
2	O
h	O
after	T-0
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
,	O
compared	T-1
with	T-1
24	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
treated	O
with	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
within	O
1	O
h	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
pain	O
free	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
rizatriptan	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
within	O
1	O
h	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
pain	O
free	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
rizatriptan	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
within	O
1	O
h	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Forty	O
-	O
nine	O
percent	O
of	O
patients	O
were	O
pain	O
free	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
rizatriptan	O
,	O
compared	O
with	O
24	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
being	T-1
superior	T-1
within	O
1	O
h	O
of	O
treatment	O
.	O

Headache	B-Disease
relief	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
47	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
within	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
dosing	T-0
.	O

Headache	O
relief	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	T-0
.	T-0
9	T-0
%	T-0
for	T-0
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	T-1
47	T-1
.	T-1
3	T-1
%	T-1
for	T-1
ergotamine	T-1
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
within	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
dosing	O
.	O

Headache	T-1
relief	T-1
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
47	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	T-0
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
within	T-2
30	T-2
min	T-2
of	T-2
dosing	T-2
.	O

Headache	T-0
relief	T-0
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
47	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	O
ergotamine	T-1
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	T-2
p	T-2
<	T-2
or	T-2
=	T-2
0	T-2
.	T-2
001	T-2
)	T-2
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
within	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
dosing	O
.	O

Headache	O
relief	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
47	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
being	T-0
superior	T-0
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
within	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
dosing	O
.	O

Headache	O
relief	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
47	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	T-0
to	T-0
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	O
within	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
dosing	T-1
.	O

Headache	T-0
relief	T-0
at	O
2	O
h	O
was	O
75	O
.	O
9	O
%	O
for	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
47	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
for	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
being	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
within	O
30	O
min	O
of	O
dosing	T-1
.	O

Almost	O
36	O
%	O
of	O
patients	T-0
taking	T-2
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
were	T-3
pain	T-3
free	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
recurrence	O
or	O
need	O
for	O
additional	O
medication	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
patients	T-1
on	T-1
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Almost	O
36	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
taking	T-0
rizatriptan	O
were	O
pain	B-Disease
free	T-1
at	O
2	O
h	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
recurrence	T-2
or	O
need	O
for	O
additional	O
medication	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
on	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Almost	O
36	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
taking	O
rizatriptan	O
were	O
pain	O
free	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
recurrence	O
or	O
need	O
for	O
additional	O
medication	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
patients	T-0
on	T-0
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	T-1
(	T-1
p	T-1
<	T-1
or	T-1
=	T-1
0	T-1
.	T-1
001	T-1
)	O
.	O

Almost	O
36	O
%	O
of	O
patients	O
taking	O
rizatriptan	O
were	O
pain	O
free	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
recurrence	O
or	O
need	O
for	O
additional	O
medication	O
within	O
24	O
h	O
,	O
compared	O
to	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
patients	T-0
on	T-0
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	B-Chemical
was	T-1
also	T-1
superior	T-1
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
in	O
the	O
proportions	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
nausea	O
,	O
vomiting	O
,	O
phonophobia	O
or	O
photophobia	O
and	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
normal	O
function	O
2	O
h	O
after	T-0
drug	T-0
intake	T-0
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	O
was	O
also	O
superior	T-1
to	T-1
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	O
in	O
the	O
proportions	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
nausea	O
,	O
vomiting	O
,	O
phonophobia	O
or	O
photophobia	O
and	O
for	O
patients	T-0
with	O
normal	O
function	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
drug	O
intake	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	O
was	O
also	O
superior	T-0
to	T-0
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
proportions	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
no	O
nausea	O
,	O
vomiting	O
,	O
phonophobia	O
or	O
photophobia	O
and	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
normal	O
function	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
drug	O
intake	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	O
was	O
also	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
in	O
the	O
proportions	O
of	O
patients	O
with	T-0
no	T-0
nausea	B-Disease
,	O
vomiting	O
,	O
phonophobia	O
or	O
photophobia	O
and	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
normal	O
function	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
drug	O
intake	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	O
was	O
also	O
superior	O
to	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
in	O
the	O
proportions	O
of	O
patients	O
with	O
no	T-1
nausea	T-1
,	T-1
vomiting	T-1
,	O
phonophobia	B-Disease
or	O
photophobia	T-2
and	O
for	O
patients	O
with	O
normal	O
function	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
drug	O
intake	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Rizatriptan	O
was	O
also	O
superior	T-3
to	T-3
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
in	O
the	O
proportions	O
of	O
patients	T-2
with	T-2
no	O
nausea	O
,	O
vomiting	O
,	O
phonophobia	T-0
or	T-0
photophobia	B-Disease
and	T-1
for	T-1
patients	T-1
with	O
normal	O
function	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
drug	O
intake	T-4
(	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

More	O
patients	O
were	O
(	O
completely	O
,	O
very	O
or	O
somewhat	O
)	O
satisfied	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	T-0
with	T-0
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
(	O
69	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
(	O
38	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

More	O
patients	O
were	O
(	O
completely	O
,	O
very	O
or	O
somewhat	O
)	O
satisfied	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
(	O
69	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	T-1
with	T-1
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	T-0
caffeine	T-0
(	O
38	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

More	O
patients	O
were	O
(	O
completely	O
,	O
very	O
or	O
somewhat	O
)	O
satisfied	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
(	O
69	O
.	O
8	O
%	O
)	O
than	O
at	O
2	O
h	O
after	O
treatment	T-0
with	T-0
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
(	O
38	O
.	O
6	O
%	O
,	O
p	O
<	O
or	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Recurrence	T-0
rates	T-0
were	O
31	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
with	O
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	O
15	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
with	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
.	O

Recurrence	T-0
rates	T-0
were	T-0
31	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
15	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
with	T-1
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	O
.	O

Recurrence	T-1
rates	T-1
were	T-1
31	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
with	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
15	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
with	T-2
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	O
events	O
(	O
incidence	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
one	O
group	O
)	O
after	T-0
rizatriptan	B-Chemical
and	T-1
ergotamine	T-1
/	O
caffeine	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
dizziness	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
somnolence	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	T-1
most	T-1
common	T-1
adverse	T-1
events	T-1
(	O
incidence	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
one	O
group	O
)	O
after	T-0
rizatriptan	O
and	O
ergotamine	B-Chemical
/	O
caffeine	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
dizziness	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
somnolence	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	T-0
events	T-0
(	O
incidence	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
one	O
group	O
)	O
after	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
ergotamine	T-1
/	O
caffeine	B-Chemical
,	O
respectively	T-2
,	O
were	O
dizziness	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
somnolence	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	T-0
events	T-0
(	O
incidence	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
one	O
group	O
)	O
after	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
dizziness	B-Disease
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
somnolence	O
(	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	T-1
events	T-1
(	O
incidence	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
one	O
group	O
)	O
after	O
rizatriptan	O
and	O
ergotamine	O
/	O
caffeine	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
dizziness	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	B-Disease
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	T-0
somnolence	T-0
(	O
5	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
2	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
common	O
adverse	T-0
events	T-0
(	O
incidence	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
5	O
%	O
in	O
one	O
group	O
)	O
after	T-1
rizatriptan	T-1
and	T-1
ergotamine	T-1
/	O
caffeine	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
were	O
dizziness	O
(	O
6	O
.	O
7	O
and	O
5	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
,	O
nausea	O
(	O
4	O
.	O
2	O
and	O
8	O
.	O
5	O
%	O
)	O
and	O
somnolence	B-Disease
(	T-2
5	T-2
.	T-2
5	T-2
and	T-2
2	T-2
.	T-2
3	T-2
%	T-2
)	T-2
.	O

Severe	T-0
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	O
for	O
recurrent	O
glioblastomas	O
.	O

Severe	O
ocular	O
and	O
orbital	O
toxicity	O
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	T-1
of	T-1
carboplatin	B-Chemical
for	T-0
recurrent	T-0
glioblastomas	T-0
.	O

Severe	O
ocular	O
and	O
orbital	O
toxicity	O
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	O
for	O
recurrent	T-0
glioblastomas	B-Disease
.	O

BACKGROUND	T-0
:	T-0
Glioblastoma	B-Disease
is	T-1
a	T-1
malignant	T-1
tumor	T-1
that	O
occurs	O
in	O
the	O
cerebrum	O
during	O
adulthood	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Glioblastoma	O
is	T-1
a	T-1
malignant	B-Disease
tumor	I-Disease
that	O
occurs	T-0
in	O
the	O
cerebrum	O
during	O
adulthood	O
.	O

Therefore	O
,	O
patients	T-0
with	T-0
glioblastoma	B-Disease
sometimes	O
have	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carcinostatics	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
treatment	O
regimen	O
.	O

Generally	T-0
,	O
carboplatin	B-Chemical
is	O
said	O
to	O
have	O
milder	T-1
side	T-1
effects	T-1
than	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
whose	O
ocular	O
and	O
orbital	O
toxicity	O
are	O
well	O
known	O
.	O

Generally	O
,	O
carboplatin	O
is	O
said	O
to	O
have	O
milder	O
side	T-2
effects	T-2
than	O
cisplatin	O
,	O
whose	T-0
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
are	T-1
well	T-1
known	T-1
.	T-1

However	O
,	O
we	O
experienced	O
a	O
case	T-0
of	T-0
severe	T-0
ocular	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
orbital	I-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
infrequently	O
reported	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
we	O
experienced	O
a	O
case	O
of	O
severe	O
ocular	O
and	O
orbital	O
toxicity	O
after	O
intracarotid	O
injection	T-0
of	T-0
carboplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
is	O
infrequently	O
reported	O
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
A	O
58	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
received	O
an	O
intracarotid	O
injection	T-0
of	T-0
carboplatin	B-Chemical
for	O
recurrent	O
glioblastomas	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
temporal	O
lobe	O
.	O

CASE	O
:	O
A	O
58	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
man	O
received	O
an	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	O
for	O
recurrent	T-0
glioblastomas	B-Disease
in	T-1
his	T-1
left	T-1
temporal	T-1
lobe	T-1
.	T-1

He	O
complained	T-1
of	T-1
pain	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
visual	I-Disease
disturbance	I-Disease
in	I-Disease
the	I-Disease
ipsilateral	I-Disease
eye	I-Disease
30	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
injection	O
.	O

Various	O
ocular	T-0
symptoms	T-0
and	O
findings	O
caused	T-1
by	T-1
carboplatin	B-Chemical
toxicity	T-2
were	O
seen	O
.	O

Various	O
ocular	O
symptoms	O
and	O
findings	O
caused	T-0
by	O
carboplatin	O
toxicity	B-Disease
were	O
seen	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
He	O
was	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
intravenous	O
administration	O
of	O
corticosteroids	T-2
and	O
glycerin	B-Chemical
for	O
6	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
injection	T-1
.	O

Although	O
the	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
elevation	O
caused	T-0
by	T-0
secondary	O
acute	O
angle	O
-	O
closure	O
glaucoma	B-Disease
decreased	O
and	O
ocular	O
pain	O
diminished	O
,	O
inexorable	O
papilledema	O
and	O
exudative	O
retinal	O
detachment	O
continued	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
elevation	O
caused	O
by	O
secondary	O
acute	O
angle	O
-	O
closure	O
glaucoma	O
decreased	O
and	O
ocular	B-Disease
pain	I-Disease
diminished	T-0
,	O
inexorable	O
papilledema	O
and	O
exudative	O
retinal	O
detachment	O
continued	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
intraocular	O
pressure	O
elevation	O
caused	O
by	O
secondary	O
acute	T-1
angle	O
-	O
closure	O
glaucoma	O
decreased	O
and	O
ocular	O
pain	O
diminished	O
,	O
inexorable	T-2
papilledema	B-Disease
and	T-0
exudative	T-0
retinal	O
detachment	O
continued	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

Although	O
the	O
intraocular	T-1
pressure	T-1
elevation	T-1
caused	O
by	O
secondary	O
acute	O
angle	O
-	O
closure	O
glaucoma	O
decreased	O
and	O
ocular	O
pain	O
diminished	O
,	O
inexorable	O
papilledema	O
and	O
exudative	T-0
retinal	B-Disease
detachment	I-Disease
continued	O
for	O
3	O
weeks	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
6	O
weeks	O
later	O
,	O
diffuse	T-2
chorioretinal	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
with	T-1
optic	O
atrophy	O
occurred	O
and	O
the	O
vision	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
eye	O
was	O
lost	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
6	O
weeks	O
later	O
,	O
diffuse	O
chorioretinal	O
atrophy	T-0
with	T-0
optic	B-Disease
atrophy	I-Disease
occurred	T-1
and	O
the	O
vision	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
eye	O
was	O
lost	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
When	O
performing	O
intracarotid	T-0
injection	T-0
of	T-0
carboplatin	B-Chemical
,	O
we	O
must	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
its	O
potentially	O
blinding	O
ocular	O
toxicity	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
When	O
performing	O
intracarotid	O
injection	O
of	O
carboplatin	O
,	O
we	O
must	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
its	O
potentially	O
blinding	T-0
ocular	B-Disease
toxicity	I-Disease
.	O

Visual	O
hallucinations	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Zonisamide	B-Chemical
is	T-1
a	T-1
broad	T-1
-	O
spectrum	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	T-0
used	O
to	O
treat	O
various	O
types	O
of	O
seizures	O
.	O

Zonisamide	O
is	O
a	O
broad	O
-	O
spectrum	O
antiepileptic	O
drug	O
used	O
to	O
treat	O
various	O
types	T-0
of	T-0
seizures	B-Disease
.	O

Although	T-0
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
have	T-1
not	T-1
been	T-1
reported	T-1
as	O
an	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
this	O
agent	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
three	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
complex	O
visual	O
hallucinations	O
and	O
altered	O
mental	O
status	O
after	O
zonisamide	O
treatment	O
was	O
begun	O
or	O
its	O
dosage	O
increased	O
.	O

Although	O
visual	O
hallucinations	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
an	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
this	O
agent	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
three	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
complex	T-2
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
and	O
altered	O
mental	O
status	O
after	O
zonisamide	O
treatment	T-0
was	T-0
begun	T-0
or	O
its	O
dosage	T-1
increased	T-1
.	O

Although	O
visual	O
hallucinations	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
reported	O
as	O
an	O
adverse	O
effect	O
of	O
this	O
agent	O
,	O
we	O
describe	O
three	O
patients	O
who	O
experienced	O
complex	O
visual	O
hallucinations	O
and	O
altered	O
mental	O
status	O
after	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
treatment	T-0
was	O
begun	O
or	O
its	O
dosage	T-1
increased	T-1
.	O

All	O
three	O
had	O
been	O
diagnosed	T-0
earlier	O
with	T-1
epilepsy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
their	O
electroencephalogram	O
(	O
EEG	O
)	O
findings	O
were	O
abnormal	O
.	O

During	T-1
monitoring	T-1
,	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
did	T-0
not	T-0
correlate	T-0
with	O
EEG	O
readings	O
,	O
nor	O
did	O
video	O
recording	O
capture	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
described	O
events	O
.	O

None	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
patients	T-1
had	T-1
experienced	O
visual	B-Disease
hallucinations	I-Disease
before	O
this	O
event	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
recent	O
change	O
in	O
their	O
treatment	O
was	O
the	O
introduction	T-0
or	O
increased	T-1
dosage	T-1
of	O
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Until	O
then	O
,	O
clinicians	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
possible	T-1
complication	T-1
associated	T-1
with	T-0
zonisamide	B-Chemical
.	O

Anti	O
-	O
epileptic	B-Disease
drugs	O
-	O
induced	T-0
de	O
novo	O
absence	O
seizures	O
.	O

Anti	O
-	O
epileptic	O
drugs	O
-	O
induced	T-0
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	T-0
three	O
patients	T-1
with	T-1
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
after	O
administration	T-2
of	T-2
carbamazepine	O
and	O
vigabatrin	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
three	O
patients	O
with	O
de	T-0
novo	T-0
absence	T-0
epilepsy	T-0
after	O
administration	T-1
of	T-1
carbamazepine	B-Chemical
and	O
vigabatrin	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
present	O
three	O
patients	O
with	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	O
epilepsy	O
after	O
administration	T-0
of	T-0
carbamazepine	O
and	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
underlying	T-2
diseases	T-2
,	O
the	T-3
prognosis	T-3
for	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	T-0
de	T-1
novo	T-1
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
is	O
good	O
because	O
it	O
subsides	O
rapidly	O
after	O
discontinuing	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
offending	O
drugs	O
.	O

The	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
transmitted	T-0
thalamocortical	O
circuitry	O
accounts	O
for	O
a	O
major	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
underlying	O
neurophysiology	O
of	O
the	O
absence	O
epilepsy	O
.	O

The	O
gamma	O
-	O
aminobutyric	O
acid	O
-	O
transmitted	O
thalamocortical	O
circuitry	O
accounts	O
for	O
a	O
major	O
part	O
of	O
the	T-0
underlying	T-0
neurophysiology	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
.	O

Because	O
drug	T-1
-	T-1
induced	T-1
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
is	O
rare	O
,	O
pro	O
-	O
absence	O
drugs	O
can	O
only	O
be	O
considered	O
a	O
promoting	O
factor	O
.	O

The	O
underlying	O
epileptogenecity	O
of	O
the	O
patients	T-1
or	O
the	O
synergistic	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
accompanying	O
drugs	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
trigger	T-0
the	O
de	O
novo	O
absence	B-Disease
seizure	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	T-0
aggravation	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
whenever	O
an	O
unexpected	O
increase	T-1
in	O
seizure	B-Disease
frequency	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
new	O
seizure	O
types	O
appear	O
following	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
drug	O
treatment	T-2
.	O

The	O
possibility	O
of	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
aggravation	O
should	O
be	O
considered	O
whenever	O
an	O
unexpected	O
increase	T-0
in	O
seizure	O
frequency	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
new	O
seizure	B-Disease
types	T-1
appear	O
following	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
drug	O
treatment	O
.	O

By	O
understanding	O
the	O
underlying	T-2
mechanism	T-2
of	T-2
absence	B-Disease
epilepsy	I-Disease
,	O
we	O
can	O
avoid	O
the	O
inappropriate	O
use	O
of	O
anticonvulsants	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
epilepsy	O
and	O
prevent	O
drug	O
-	O
induced	O
absence	O
seizures	O
.	O

By	O
understanding	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
absence	O
epilepsy	O
,	O
we	O
can	O
avoid	O
the	O
inappropriate	T-1
use	T-1
of	O
anticonvulsants	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
epilepsy	B-Disease
and	T-0
prevent	T-0
drug	O
-	O
induced	T-2
absence	O
seizures	O
.	O

By	O
understanding	O
the	O
underlying	O
mechanism	O
of	O
absence	T-0
epilepsy	T-0
,	O
we	O
can	O
avoid	O
the	O
inappropriate	O
use	O
of	O
anticonvulsants	O
in	O
children	O
with	O
epilepsy	T-1
and	O
prevent	O
drug	T-2
-	T-2
induced	T-2
absence	B-Disease
seizures	I-Disease
.	O

Prenatal	T-1
dexamethasone	T-1
programs	O
hypertension	B-Disease
and	O
renal	O
injury	T-0
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Prenatal	T-0
dexamethasone	O
programs	T-3
hypertension	T-1
and	T-1
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	T-2
the	T-2
rat	T-2
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
prenatal	T-0
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
programmed	T-2
a	T-2
progressive	T-2
increase	T-2
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
renal	O
injury	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
prenatal	T-0
dexamethasone	T-0
programmed	T-0
a	T-0
progressive	T-0
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
and	O
renal	T-1
injury	T-1
in	T-1
rats	T-1
.	O

The	O
purpose	O
of	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	O
programmed	O
a	O
progressive	O
increase	T-0
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
and	O
renal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Pregnant	O
rats	O
were	O
given	O
either	O
vehicle	O
or	O
2	O
daily	O
intraperitoneal	O
injections	T-1
of	T-1
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
(	O
0	O
.	O
2	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
body	O
weight	O
)	O
on	T-2
gestational	T-2
days	T-2
11	O
and	O
12	O
,	O
13	O
and	O
14	O
,	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
,	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
,	O
or	O
19	O
and	O
20	O
.	O

Offspring	O
of	O
rats	O
administered	T-0
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
gestation	O
had	O
a	O
20	O
%	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomerular	O
number	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
at	O
6	O
to	O
9	O
months	O
of	O
age	O
(	O
22	O
527	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
509	O
versus	O
28	O
050	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
561	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
percent	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
measured	O
at	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
age	O
.	O

Offspring	O
of	O
rats	O
administered	O
dexamethasone	O
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
gestation	T-1
had	T-1
a	T-1
20	O
%	O
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
compared	T-0
with	T-0
control	O
at	O
6	O
to	O
9	O
months	O
of	O
age	O
(	O
22	O
527	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
509	O
versus	O
28	O
050	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
561	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
percent	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
measured	O
at	O
3	O
weeks	O
of	O
age	O
.	O

Six	O
-	O
to	O
9	O
-	O
month	O
old	O
rats	O
receiving	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
a	O
17	O
%	O
reduction	T-0
in	O
glomeruli	O
(	O
23	O
380	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
587	O
)	O
compared	O
with	O
control	O
rats	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Male	O
rats	O
that	O
received	T-1
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
,	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
,	O
and	O
13	O
and	O
14	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
elevated	T-0
blood	T-0
pressures	T-0
at	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
age	O
;	O
the	O
latter	O
group	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
reduction	T-2
in	T-2
glomerular	O
number	O
.	O

Male	O
rats	O
that	O
received	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	O
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
,	O
17	O
and	O
18	O
,	O
and	O
13	O
and	O
14	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
elevated	O
blood	O
pressures	O
at	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
age	O
;	O
the	O
latter	O
group	O
did	T-1
not	T-1
have	T-1
a	T-1
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
.	O

Adult	O
rats	O
given	T-0
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	O
more	O
glomeruli	O
with	O
glomerulosclerosis	O
than	O
control	O
rats	O
.	O

Adult	O
rats	O
given	T-0
dexamethasone	T-0
on	O
days	O
15	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
gestation	O
had	T-2
more	T-2
glomeruli	T-2
with	T-2
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
than	O
control	O
rats	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	T-1
that	T-1
prenatal	T-1
dexamethasone	B-Chemical
in	T-2
rats	T-2
results	T-0
in	T-0
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomerular	O
number	O
,	O
glomerulosclerosis	O
,	O
and	O
hypertension	O
when	O
administered	O
at	O
specific	O
points	O
during	O
gestation	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	O
in	O
rats	O
results	T-0
in	T-0
a	T-0
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
,	O
glomerulosclerosis	O
,	O
and	O
hypertension	O
when	O
administered	O
at	O
specific	O
points	O
during	O
gestation	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	O
in	O
rats	O
results	T-0
in	T-0
a	T-0
reduction	T-0
in	T-0
glomerular	O
number	O
,	O
glomerulosclerosis	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
hypertension	O
when	O
administered	O
at	O
specific	O
points	O
during	O
gestation	O
.	O

This	O
study	O
shows	O
that	O
prenatal	O
dexamethasone	O
in	O
rats	O
results	O
in	O
a	O
reduction	T-1
in	T-1
glomerular	O
number	O
,	O
glomerulosclerosis	O
,	O
and	O
hypertension	B-Disease
when	T-2
administered	T-2
at	O
specific	O
points	O
during	O
gestation	O
.	O

Hypertension	B-Disease
was	T-1
observed	T-1
in	O
animals	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomerular	O
number	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomerular	O
number	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
sole	T-0
cause	T-0
for	T-0
the	T-0
development	T-0
of	T-0
hypertension	O
.	O

Hypertension	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
animals	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
reduction	T-0
in	O
glomeruli	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
that	O
did	T-3
not	T-3
have	T-3
a	T-3
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
,	T-3
suggesting	O
that	O
a	O
reduction	T-1
in	O
glomerular	O
number	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
sole	O
cause	O
for	O
the	O
development	T-2
of	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Hypertension	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
animals	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomerular	O
number	O
,	O
suggesting	T-0
that	T-2
a	T-2
reduction	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
glomerular	I-Disease
number	I-Disease
is	T-3
not	T-3
the	T-1
sole	T-1
cause	T-1
for	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
hypertension	O
.	O

Hypertension	O
was	O
observed	O
in	O
animals	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomeruli	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
in	O
a	O
group	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomerular	O
number	O
,	O
suggesting	O
that	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
glomerular	O
number	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
sole	O
cause	O
for	O
the	O
development	T-0
of	T-0
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

Kidney	O
function	O
and	O
morphology	O
after	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
combination	O
therapy	O
with	T-0
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
,	O
tacrolimus	O
and	O
sirolimus	O
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

Kidney	O
function	O
and	O
morphology	O
after	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
combination	O
therapy	T-2
with	T-2
cyclosporine	T-0
A	T-0
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
and	T-1
sirolimus	T-1
in	T-1
the	T-1
rat	T-1
.	O

Kidney	O
function	O
and	O
morphology	O
after	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
combination	O
therapy	T-1
with	T-0
cyclosporine	T-0
A	T-0
,	O
tacrolimus	O
and	O
sirolimus	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
rat	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Sirolimus	B-Chemical
(	O
SRL	O
)	O
may	T-0
supplement	T-0
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
in	O
clinical	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Sirolimus	T-0
(	O
SRL	B-Chemical
)	O
may	T-1
supplement	T-1
calcineurin	O
inhibitors	O
in	O
clinical	O
organ	O
transplantation	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
,	O
but	O
SRL	O
seems	O
to	O
act	T-0
differently	T-0
displaying	O
only	O
minor	O
nephrotoxic	O
effects	O
,	O
although	O
this	O
question	O
is	O
still	O
open	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
nephrotoxic	O
,	O
but	O
SRL	B-Chemical
seems	T-0
to	T-0
act	T-0
differently	O
displaying	O
only	O
minor	O
nephrotoxic	O
effects	O
,	O
although	O
this	O
question	O
is	O
still	O
open	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
nephrotoxic	O
,	O
but	O
SRL	O
seems	O
to	O
act	O
differently	O
displaying	O
only	O
minor	T-0
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effects	T-1
,	O
although	O
this	O
question	O
is	O
still	O
open	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
treatment	O
protocols	T-0
where	T-0
SRL	B-Chemical
was	T-1
combined	T-1
with	O
a	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
indications	O
of	O
a	O
synergistic	O
nephrotoxic	O
effect	O
were	O
described	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
treatment	O
protocols	O
where	O
SRL	O
was	O
combined	O
with	O
a	O
calcineurin	O
inhibitor	O
indications	O
of	O
a	O
synergistic	T-0
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effect	T-1
were	O
described	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
further	O
the	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
including	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
of	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
either	O
cyclosporine	B-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
(	O
CsA	O
)	O
,	O
tacrolimus	O
(	O
FK506	O
)	O
or	O
SRL	O
as	O
monotherapies	O
or	O
in	O
different	O
combinations	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
further	O
the	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
including	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
of	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
either	T-1
cyclosporine	T-0
A	T-0
(	T-0
CsA	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
tacrolimus	O
(	O
FK506	O
)	O
or	O
SRL	O
as	O
monotherapies	O
or	O
in	O
different	O
combinations	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
further	O
the	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
including	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
of	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
either	T-0
cyclosporine	T-0
A	T-0
(	T-0
CsA	T-0
)	T-0
,	O
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
(	T-1
FK506	T-1
)	T-1
or	O
SRL	O
as	O
monotherapies	O
or	O
in	O
different	O
combinations	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
further	O
the	O
renal	O
function	O
,	O
including	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
of	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
either	O
cyclosporine	O
A	O
(	O
CsA	O
)	O
,	O
tacrolimus	O
(	O
FK506	B-Chemical
)	O
or	O
SRL	O
as	T-1
monotherapies	T-1
or	O
in	O
different	O
combinations	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
For	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
,	O
CsA	O
15	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
kg	T-0
/	T-0
day	T-0
(	O
given	O
orally	O
)	O
,	O
FK506	B-Chemical
3	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	T-1
orally	T-1
)	O
or	O
SRL	O
0	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
intraperitoneally	O
)	O
was	O
administered	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
as	O
these	O
doses	O
have	O
earlier	O
been	O
found	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
significant	O
immunosuppressive	O
effect	O
in	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
For	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
2	O
weeks	O
,	O
CsA	O
15	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
orally	O
)	O
,	O
FK506	O
3	O
.	O
0	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
orally	O
)	O
or	T-0
SRL	B-Chemical
0	O
.	O
4	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
(	O
given	O
intraperitoneally	O
)	O
was	T-1
administered	T-1
once	O
a	O
day	O
as	O
these	O
doses	O
have	O
earlier	O
been	O
found	O
to	O
achieve	O
a	O
significant	O
immunosuppressive	O
effect	O
in	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
included	O
a	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
system	O
analysing	O
the	O
degree	T-2
of	T-2
striped	T-0
fibrosis	B-Disease
,	O
subcapsular	T-1
fibrosis	T-1
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
basophilic	O
tubules	O
,	O
plus	O
an	O
additional	O
stereological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
grade	O
of	O
fibrosis	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
stained	O
with	O
Sirius	O
Red	O
.	O

The	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
included	O
a	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
system	O
analysing	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
striped	O
fibrosis	O
,	O
subcapsular	T-0
fibrosis	B-Disease
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
basophilic	O
tubules	O
,	O
plus	O
an	O
additional	O
stereological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
grade	O
of	O
fibrosis	O
in	O
the	O
cortex	O
stained	O
with	O
Sirius	O
Red	O
.	O

The	O
morphological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
kidneys	O
included	O
a	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
system	O
analysing	O
the	O
degree	O
of	O
striped	O
fibrosis	O
,	O
subcapsular	O
fibrosis	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
basophilic	O
tubules	O
,	O
plus	O
an	O
additional	O
stereological	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	T-0
grade	T-0
of	T-0
fibrosis	B-Disease
in	T-1
the	T-1
cortex	T-1
stained	O
with	O
Sirius	O
Red	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
CsA	B-Chemical
,	O
FK506	O
and	O
SRL	O
all	T-1
significantly	T-1
decreased	T-1
the	T-0
GFR	T-0
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
CsA	T-2
,	O
FK506	B-Chemical
and	T-1
SRL	T-3
all	T-3
significantly	T-3
decreased	T-3
the	T-3
GFR	T-3
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
CsA	O
,	O
FK506	O
and	O
SRL	B-Chemical
all	O
significantly	T-0
decreased	T-0
the	T-0
GFR	T-0
.	O

A	O
further	O
deterioration	T-1
was	T-1
seen	T-1
when	T-1
CsA	B-Chemical
was	T-2
combined	T-2
with	T-2
either	O
FK506	O
or	O
SRL	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
GFR	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
treatment	O
with	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
single	O
substances	O
.	O

A	O
further	O
deterioration	O
was	O
seen	O
when	O
CsA	O
was	O
combined	T-0
with	T-0
either	O
FK506	B-Chemical
or	O
SRL	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
GFR	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
treatment	O
with	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
single	O
substances	O
.	O

A	O
further	O
deterioration	O
was	O
seen	O
when	O
CsA	O
was	O
combined	O
with	O
either	O
FK506	O
or	O
SRL	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
GFR	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
treatment	O
with	O
any	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
single	T-0
substances	T-0
.	O

A	O
further	O
deterioration	O
was	O
seen	O
when	O
CsA	O
was	O
combined	O
with	O
either	O
FK506	O
or	O
SRL	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
GFR	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	O
when	O
compared	O
with	O
treatment	O
with	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
single	O
substances	O
.	O

A	O
further	O
deterioration	O
was	O
seen	O
when	O
CsA	O
was	O
combined	O
with	O
either	O
FK506	O
or	O
SRL	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
GFR	O
remained	O
unchanged	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
when	O
compared	O
with	O
treatment	T-2
with	T-2
any	T-2
of	T-2
the	T-2
single	T-2
substances	T-2
.	O

The	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
was	O
significantly	O
worst	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
CsA	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
grade	O
of	O
fibrosis	O
also	O
showed	O
the	O
highest	O
proportion	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
group	O
and	O
was	O
significantly	O
different	O
from	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
was	O
significantly	O
worst	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
CsA	O
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
grade	O
of	O
fibrosis	O
also	O
showed	O
the	O
highest	O
proportion	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
group	O
and	O
was	O
significantly	O
different	O
from	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
semi	O
-	O
quantitative	O
scoring	O
was	O
significantly	O
worst	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
treated	O
with	O
CsA	O
plus	O
SRL	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
analysis	O
of	O
the	O
total	T-1
grade	T-1
of	T-1
fibrosis	B-Disease
also	O
showed	O
the	O
highest	O
proportion	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
group	O
and	O
was	O
significantly	O
different	O
from	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
02	O
)	O
.	O

The	T-0
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	T-1
SRL	T-1
combination	T-1
showed	T-2
only	T-2
a	O
marginally	O
higher	O
degree	O
of	O
fibrosis	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
FK506	O
plus	T-0
SRL	B-Chemical
combination	T-1
showed	O
only	O
a	O
marginally	O
higher	O
degree	O
of	O
fibrosis	O
as	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	O
combination	O
showed	O
only	O
a	O
marginally	O
higher	T-0
degree	T-1
of	T-1
fibrosis	B-Disease
as	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
P	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
rat	O
study	O
demonstrated	O
a	T-0
synergistic	T-0
nephrotoxic	B-Disease
effect	O
of	O
CsA	O
plus	O
SRL	O
,	O
whereas	O
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	O
was	O
better	O
tolerated	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
rat	O
study	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
synergistic	T-0
nephrotoxic	T-0
effect	T-1
of	T-1
CsA	B-Chemical
plus	O
SRL	O
,	O
whereas	O
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	O
was	O
better	O
tolerated	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
rat	O
study	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
synergistic	O
nephrotoxic	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
CsA	O
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
,	O
whereas	O
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	O
was	O
better	O
tolerated	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
rat	O
study	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
synergistic	O
nephrotoxic	O
effect	T-2
of	O
CsA	O
plus	O
SRL	O
,	O
whereas	T-0
FK506	B-Chemical
plus	T-1
SRL	T-1
was	O
better	O
tolerated	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
This	O
rat	O
study	O
demonstrated	O
a	O
synergistic	O
nephrotoxic	O
effect	O
of	O
CsA	O
plus	O
SRL	O
,	O
whereas	O
FK506	O
plus	O
SRL	B-Chemical
was	O
better	T-0
tolerated	T-0
.	O

Evaluation	O
of	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
I	O
and	O
T	O
levels	O
as	O
markers	T-0
of	T-0
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	T-1
doxorubicin	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
relationship	O
with	O
echocardiographic	O
and	O
histological	O
findings	O
.	O

Evaluation	O
of	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
I	O
and	O
T	O
levels	O
as	O
markers	O
of	O
myocardial	O
damage	T-0
in	T-0
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	O
rats	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
relationship	O
with	O
echocardiographic	O
and	O
histological	O
findings	O
.	O

Evaluation	O
of	O
cardiac	O
troponin	O
I	O
and	O
T	O
levels	O
as	O
markers	O
of	O
myocardial	O
damage	T-2
in	T-2
doxorubicin	T-2
-	T-2
induced	T-2
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
rats	T-1
,	O
and	O
their	O
relationship	O
with	O
echocardiographic	O
and	O
histological	O
findings	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cardiac	O
troponins	O
I	O
(	O
cTnI	O
)	O
and	O
T	O
(	O
cTnT	O
)	O
have	O
been	O
shown	O
to	O
be	O
highly	O
sensitive	O
and	O
specific	T-1
markers	T-1
of	T-1
myocardial	B-Disease
cell	I-Disease
injury	I-Disease
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
diagnostic	O
value	T-0
of	T-0
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
for	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
serial	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cardiac	O
disorders	O
monitored	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
histological	O
examinations	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
diagnostic	O
value	O
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
for	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
myocardial	O
damage	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
doxorubicin	B-Chemical
(	T-0
DOX	T-0
)	T-0
-	O
induced	T-1
cardiomyopathy	T-1
,	O
and	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
serial	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cardiac	O
disorders	O
monitored	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
histological	O
examinations	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
diagnostic	T-2
value	T-2
of	T-2
cTnI	T-2
and	T-2
cTnT	T-2
for	O
the	O
diagnosis	O
of	O
myocardial	T-0
damage	T-0
in	T-0
a	T-0
rat	T-0
model	T-0
of	T-0
doxorubicin	T-0
(	O
DOX	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
cardiomyopathy	T-1
,	O
and	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
serial	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cardiac	O
disorders	O
monitored	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
histological	O
examinations	O
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
diagnostic	T-0
value	T-0
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
for	O
the	O
diagnosis	T-1
of	T-1
myocardial	T-1
damage	O
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-3
cardiomyopathy	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
serial	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
with	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
cardiac	O
disorders	O
monitored	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
histological	T-2
examinations	T-2
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

We	O
investigated	O
the	O
diagnostic	T-0
value	T-0
of	T-0
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
for	O
the	O
diagnosis	T-1
of	T-1
myocardial	T-1
damage	T-1
in	O
a	O
rat	O
model	O
of	O
doxorubicin	O
(	O
DOX	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
cardiomyopathy	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
examined	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
serial	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
with	O
the	O
development	T-3
of	T-3
cardiac	B-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
monitored	O
by	O
echocardiography	O
and	O
histological	T-2
examinations	T-2
in	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Thirty	O
-	O
five	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
were	T-1
given	T-1
1	T-0
.	T-0
5	T-0
mg	T-0
/	T-0
kg	T-0
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
i	O
.	O
v	O
.	O
,	O
weekly	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
8	O
weeks	O
for	O
a	O
total	O
cumulative	O
dose	O
of	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
BW	O
.	O

By	O
using	O
transthoracic	O
echocardiography	O
,	O
anterior	O
and	O
posterior	O
wall	O
thickness	O
,	O
LV	O
diameters	O
and	O
LV	O
fractional	O
shortening	O
(	O
FS	O
)	O
were	O
measured	O
in	O
all	O
rats	O
before	T-0
DOX	B-Chemical
or	T-1
saline	T-1
,	O
and	O
at	O
weeks	O
6	O
and	O
9	O
after	O
treatment	O
in	O
all	O
surviving	O
rats	O
.	O

Histology	O
was	O
performed	O
in	O
DOX	O
-	O
rats	O
at	O
6	O
and	O
9	O
weeks	O
after	T-0
the	T-0
last	T-0
DOX	B-Chemical
dose	T-1
and	T-1
in	T-1
all	T-1
controls	T-1
.	T-1

RESULTS	O
:	O
Eighteen	O
of	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
died	O
prematurely	O
of	O
general	O
toxicity	T-0
during	O
the	O
9	O
-	O
week	O
period	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Eighteen	O
of	O
the	O
DOX	O
rats	O
died	O
prematurely	O
of	O
general	T-0
toxicity	B-Disease
during	O
the	O
9	O
-	O
week	O
period	O
.	O

End	O
-	O
diastolic	O
(	O
ED	O
)	O
and	O
end	O
-	O
systolic	O
(	O
ES	O
)	O
LV	O
diameters	O
/	O
BW	O
significantly	O
increased	O
,	O
whereas	O
LV	O
FS	O
was	O
decreased	O
after	O
9	O
weeks	O
in	O
the	O
DOX	B-Chemical
group	T-0
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
001	O
)	O
.	O

Histological	O
evaluation	O
of	O
hearts	O
from	O
all	O
rats	O
given	T-0
DOX	B-Chemical
revealed	T-1
significant	T-1
slight	T-1
degrees	O
of	O
perivascular	O
and	O
interstitial	O
fibrosis	O
.	O

Histological	O
evaluation	O
of	O
hearts	O
from	O
all	O
rats	O
given	O
DOX	O
revealed	O
significant	O
slight	O
degrees	O
of	O
perivascular	O
and	O
interstitial	T-0
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

Only	O
five	O
of	O
the	O
controls	O
exhibited	O
evidence	O
of	O
very	O
slight	O
perivascular	T-0
fibrosis	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
significant	O
rise	O
in	O
cTnT	O
was	O
found	T-1
in	T-1
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	T-0
after	T-0
cumulative	T-0
doses	T-0
of	O
7	O
.	O
5	O
and	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
in	O
comparison	O
with	O
baseline	O
(	O
p	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

cTnT	O
found	O
in	O
rats	O
after	O
12	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
were	O
significantly	O
greater	O
than	O
that	O
found	T-0
after	T-0
7	O
.	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
DOX	B-Chemical
.	O

Maximal	O
cTnI	O
(	O
pg	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
and	O
cTnT	O
levels	O
were	O
significantly	O
increased	O
in	T-0
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
006	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
007	O
)	O
.	T-0

cTnI	O
(	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
CK	O
-	O
MB	O
mass	O
and	O
CK	O
remained	T-1
unchanged	T-1
in	T-0
DOX	B-Chemical
rats	O
compared	O
with	O
controls	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Among	T-1
markers	T-1
of	T-1
ischemic	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
after	O
DOX	T-0
in	O
rats	O
,	O
cTnT	O
showed	O
the	O
greatest	O
ability	O
to	O
detect	O
myocardial	O
damage	O
assessed	O
by	O
echocardiographic	O
detection	O
and	O
histological	O
changes	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Among	O
markers	O
of	O
ischemic	T-1
injury	T-1
after	T-0
DOX	B-Chemical
in	O
rats	O
,	O
cTnT	O
showed	O
the	O
greatest	O
ability	O
to	O
detect	O
myocardial	O
damage	O
assessed	O
by	O
echocardiographic	O
detection	O
and	O
histological	O
changes	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Among	O
markers	O
of	O
ischemic	O
injury	O
after	O
DOX	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
cTnT	O
showed	O
the	O
greatest	O
ability	O
to	T-1
detect	T-1
myocardial	B-Disease
damage	I-Disease
assessed	O
by	O
echocardiographic	T-0
detection	T-0
and	O
histological	O
changes	O
.	O

Although	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
discrepancy	O
between	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
after	T-0
DOX	B-Chemical
,	O
probably	T-1
due	T-1
to	T-1
heterogeneity	T-1
in	T-1
cross	T-1
-	O
reactivities	O
of	O
mAbs	O
to	O
various	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
forms	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
cTnT	O
in	O
rats	O
after	O
DOX	O
indicates	O
cell	O
damage	O
determined	O
by	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
injury	O
induced	O
and	O
that	O
cTnT	O
should	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
marker	O
for	O
the	O
prediction	O
of	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
and	O
possibly	O
for	O
cardioprotective	O
experiments	O
.	O

Although	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
discrepancy	O
between	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
after	O
DOX	O
,	O
probably	O
due	O
to	O
heterogeneity	O
in	O
cross	O
-	O
reactivities	T-1
of	O
mAbs	O
to	O
various	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
forms	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
cTnT	O
in	O
rats	O
after	O
DOX	B-Chemical
indicates	T-3
cell	O
damage	O
determined	O
by	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
injury	O
induced	T-2
and	O
that	O
cTnT	O
should	O
be	O
a	O
useful	T-0
marker	T-0
for	O
the	O
prediction	O
of	O
experimentally	O
induced	O
cardiotoxicity	O
and	O
possibly	O
for	O
cardioprotective	O
experiments	O
.	O

Although	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
discrepancy	O
between	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
after	O
DOX	O
,	O
probably	O
due	O
to	O
heterogeneity	O
in	O
cross	O
-	O
reactivities	O
of	O
mAbs	O
to	O
various	O
cTnI	O
and	O
cTnT	O
forms	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
likely	O
that	O
cTnT	O
in	O
rats	O
after	O
DOX	O
indicates	O
cell	O
damage	O
determined	O
by	O
the	O
magnitude	O
of	O
injury	O
induced	O
and	O
that	O
cTnT	O
should	O
be	O
a	O
useful	O
marker	O
for	O
the	O
prediction	O
of	O
experimentally	T-0
induced	T-0
cardiotoxicity	B-Disease
and	O
possibly	O
for	O
cardioprotective	O
experiments	O
.	O

Octreotide	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
hypoxemia	O
and	O
pulmonary	O
hypertension	O
in	O
premature	O
neonates	O
.	O

Octreotide	O
-	O
induced	T-0
hypoxemia	B-Disease
and	O
pulmonary	O
hypertension	O
in	O
premature	O
neonates	O
.	O

Octreotide	O
-	O
induced	T-1
hypoxemia	O
and	O
pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
in	O
premature	T-0
neonates	T-0
.	O

The	O
authors	O
report	O
2	O
cases	T-0
of	T-0
premature	O
neonates	O
who	O
had	O
enterocutaneous	T-2
fistula	B-Disease
complicating	T-1
necrotizing	O
enterocolitis	O
.	O

The	O
authors	O
report	O
2	O
cases	O
of	O
premature	O
neonates	O
who	O
had	O
enterocutaneous	O
fistula	O
complicating	T-0
necrotizing	B-Disease
enterocolitis	I-Disease
.	O

Pulmonary	B-Disease
hypertension	I-Disease
developed	T-0
after	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
somatostatin	O
analogue	O
,	O
octreotide	O
,	O
to	O
enhance	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
fistula	O
.	O

Pulmonary	O
hypertension	O
developed	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
somatostatin	O
analogue	O
,	O
octreotide	B-Chemical
,	O
to	O
enhance	T-0
resolution	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
fistula	T-0
.	O

Pulmonary	T-0
hypertension	T-0
developed	O
after	O
administration	O
of	O
a	O
somatostatin	O
analogue	O
,	O
octreotide	O
,	O
to	O
enhance	O
resolution	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
fistula	B-Disease
.	O

The	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
in	O
women	O
prescribed	O
cyproterone	O
acetate	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
ethinyl	O
estradiol	O
:	O
a	O
nested	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
in	O
women	O
prescribed	T-1
cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
in	O
combination	O
with	O
ethinyl	O
estradiol	O
:	O
a	O
nested	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
in	O
women	O
prescribed	O
cyproterone	O
acetate	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
:	O
a	O
nested	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	T-0
-	T-0
control	T-0
study	T-0
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
combined	O
with	O
ethinyl	O
estradiol	O
(	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
)	O
is	O
licensed	T-0
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	T-1
the	T-1
treatment	T-1
of	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
and	O
hirsutism	O
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	O
option	O
for	O
polycystic	O
ovary	O
syndrome	O
(	O
PCOS	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	T-0
acetate	T-0
combined	T-1
with	T-1
ethinyl	B-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
)	O
is	O
licensed	T-2
in	T-2
the	O
UK	O
for	T-3
the	T-3
treatment	T-3
of	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
and	O
hirsutism	O
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	O
option	O
for	O
polycystic	O
ovary	O
syndrome	O
(	O
PCOS	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	O
acetate	O
combined	T-0
with	T-0
ethinyl	T-1
estradiol	T-1
(	O
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	O
)	O
is	T-2
licensed	T-2
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
and	O
hirsutism	O
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	O
option	O
for	O
polycystic	O
ovary	O
syndrome	O
(	O
PCOS	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	O
acetate	O
combined	T-0
with	T-0
ethinyl	O
estradiol	O
(	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
)	O
is	O
licensed	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
and	O
hirsutism	O
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	O
option	O
for	O
polycystic	O
ovary	O
syndrome	O
(	O
PCOS	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	O
acetate	O
combined	O
with	O
ethinyl	O
estradiol	O
(	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
)	O
is	O
licensed	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
women	T-0
with	T-0
acne	B-Disease
and	T-1
hirsutism	T-1
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	O
option	O
for	O
polycystic	O
ovary	O
syndrome	O
(	O
PCOS	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	O
acetate	O
combined	O
with	O
ethinyl	O
estradiol	O
(	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
)	O
is	O
licensed	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	T-2
of	O
women	T-0
with	T-0
acne	T-0
and	T-0
hirsutism	B-Disease
and	T-1
is	T-1
also	T-1
a	T-1
treatment	T-1
option	T-1
for	O
polycystic	O
ovary	O
syndrome	O
(	O
PCOS	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	O
acetate	O
combined	O
with	O
ethinyl	O
estradiol	O
(	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
)	O
is	O
licensed	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
and	O
hirsutism	O
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	O
option	O
for	T-0
polycystic	B-Disease
ovary	I-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
(	O
PCOS	O
)	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Cyproterone	O
acetate	O
combined	O
with	O
ethinyl	O
estradiol	O
(	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
)	O
is	O
licensed	O
in	O
the	O
UK	O
for	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
and	O
hirsutism	O
and	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
treatment	T-0
option	O
for	O
polycystic	O
ovary	O
syndrome	O
(	O
PCOS	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	T-0
of	T-0
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
associated	T-1
with	T-1
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
compared	O
with	O
conventional	O
combined	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
(	O
COCs	O
)	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	T-1
risk	T-1
of	T-1
venous	T-1
thromboembolism	T-1
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
CPA	T-0
/	O
EE	O
compared	O
with	O
conventional	O
combined	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
(	O
COCs	O
)	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	O
compared	O
with	O
conventional	O
combined	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
(	O
COCs	O
)	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
CPA	O
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
compared	O
with	O
conventional	O
combined	O
oral	O
contraceptives	O
(	O
COCs	O
)	O
.	O

Previous	O
studies	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
compared	O
with	O
conventional	T-1
combined	T-1
oral	B-Chemical
contraceptives	I-Chemical
(	O
COCs	O
)	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
General	O
Practice	O
Research	O
Database	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
nested	O
within	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
women	O
aged	O
between	T-0
15	T-0
and	T-0
39	T-0
years	T-0
with	T-0
acne	B-Disease
,	O
hirsutism	T-1
or	T-1
PCOS	T-1
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	O
associated	O
with	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
General	T-2
Practice	T-2
Research	T-2
Database	T-2
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	T-0
study	T-0
nested	O
within	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
women	O
aged	O
between	O
15	O
and	O
39	O
years	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	B-Disease
or	O
PCOS	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
risk	T-1
of	T-1
VTE	O
associated	O
with	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
General	O
Practice	O
Research	O
Database	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
cohort	T-0
analysis	T-0
and	T-0
case	T-0
-	T-0
control	T-0
study	T-0
nested	O
within	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
women	O
aged	O
between	O
15	O
and	O
39	O
years	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	O
PCOS	B-Disease
to	T-2
estimate	T-2
the	T-1
risk	T-1
of	O
VTE	O
associated	O
with	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
General	O
Practice	O
Research	O
Database	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
nested	O
within	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
women	O
aged	O
between	O
15	O
and	O
39	O
years	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	O
PCOS	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
risk	T-0
of	O
VTE	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
General	O
Practice	O
Research	O
Database	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
cohort	O
analysis	O
and	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
study	O
nested	O
within	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
women	O
aged	O
between	O
15	O
and	O
39	O
years	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	O
PCOS	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
Using	O
the	O
General	O
Practice	O
Research	O
Database	O
we	O
conducted	O
a	O
cohort	T-1
analysis	T-1
and	T-1
case	T-1
-	O
control	O
study	O
nested	O
within	O
a	O
population	O
of	O
women	O
aged	O
between	T-2
15	T-2
and	T-2
39	T-2
years	T-2
with	T-2
acne	T-2
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	O
PCOS	O
to	O
estimate	O
the	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	O
associated	T-0
with	T-0
CPA	O
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
age	O
-	O
adjusted	O
incidence	O
rate	O
ratio	T-1
for	T-0
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	O
versus	T-2
conventional	O
COCs	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
20	O
[	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
1	O
.	O
35	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
58	O
]	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
The	O
age	O
-	O
adjusted	O
incidence	O
rate	O
ratio	T-0
for	T-0
CPA	O
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
versus	O
conventional	O
COCs	O
was	O
2	O
.	O
20	O
[	O
95	O
%	O
confidence	O
interval	O
(	O
CI	O
)	O
1	O
.	O
35	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
58	O
]	O
.	O

Using	O
as	O
the	O
reference	O
group	O
women	O
who	O
were	O
not	O
using	O
oral	O
contraception	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
recent	O
pregnancy	O
or	O
menopausal	O
symptoms	O
,	O
the	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
analysis	O
gave	O
an	O
adjusted	O
odds	O
ratio	O
(	O
OR	O
(	O
adj	O
)	O
)	O
of	O
7	O
.	O
44	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
3	O
.	O
67	O
-	O
15	O
.	O
08	O
)	O
for	T-2
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	O
use	T-1
compared	O
with	O
an	O
OR	O
(	O
adj	O
)	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
58	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
60	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
18	O
)	O
for	O
use	O
of	O
conventional	O
COCs	O
.	O

Using	O
as	O
the	O
reference	O
group	O
women	O
who	O
were	O
not	O
using	O
oral	O
contraception	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
recent	O
pregnancy	O
or	O
menopausal	O
symptoms	O
,	O
the	O
case	O
-	O
control	O
analysis	O
gave	O
an	O
adjusted	T-0
odds	T-0
ratio	T-0
(	O
OR	O
(	O
adj	O
)	O
)	O
of	O
7	O
.	O
44	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
3	O
.	O
67	O
-	O
15	O
.	O
08	O
)	O
for	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
use	O
compared	O
with	O
an	O
OR	O
(	O
adj	O
)	O
of	O
2	O
.	O
58	O
(	O
95	O
%	O
CI	O
1	O
.	O
60	O
-	O
4	O
.	O
18	O
)	O
for	O
use	O
of	O
conventional	O
COCs	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	T-0
risk	T-0
of	T-0
VTE	B-Disease
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	O
PCOS	O
although	O
residual	O
confounding	O
by	O
indication	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	T-0
of	T-0
CPA	B-Chemical
/	O
EE	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	O
PCOS	O
although	O
residual	O
confounding	O
by	O
indication	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	O
associated	O
with	O
the	T-0
use	T-0
of	T-0
CPA	O
/	O
EE	B-Chemical
in	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	O
PCOS	O
although	O
residual	O
confounding	O
by	O
indication	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	T-1
of	T-1
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
acne	B-Disease
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	O
PCOS	O
although	O
residual	O
confounding	T-0
by	T-0
indication	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	T-0
risk	T-0
of	T-0
VTE	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	B-Disease
or	O
PCOS	O
although	O
residual	O
confounding	O
by	O
indication	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
We	O
have	O
demonstrated	O
an	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
VTE	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
CPA	O
/	O
EE	O
in	O
women	O
with	O
acne	O
,	O
hirsutism	O
or	T-1
PCOS	B-Disease
although	T-0
residual	O
confounding	O
by	O
indication	O
cannot	O
be	O
excluded	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	T-0
with	T-0
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
on	O
gentamicin	T-1
nephrotoxicity	T-1
in	T-1
rats	T-1
:	O
a	O
preliminary	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	T-0
with	T-0
gum	T-2
Arabic	T-2
on	T-2
gentamicin	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	T-3
in	O
rats	O
:	O
a	O
preliminary	O
study	O
.	O

The	O
effect	T-1
of	T-1
treatment	T-1
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
on	O
gentamicin	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
rats	O
:	O
a	O
preliminary	O
study	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
work	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
treatment	T-0
of	O
rats	T-2
with	T-3
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
on	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
induced	O
by	O
gentamicin	O
(	O
GM	O
)	O
nephrotoxicity	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
work	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	T-0
of	O
rats	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
on	O
acute	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
induced	T-1
by	O
gentamicin	O
(	O
GM	O
)	O
nephrotoxicity	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
work	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
on	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
gentamicin	B-Chemical
(	T-1
GM	T-1
)	T-1
nephrotoxicity	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
work	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
on	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
gentamicin	T-0
(	O
GM	B-Chemical
)	O
nephrotoxicity	T-1
.	O

In	O
the	O
present	O
work	O
we	O
assessed	O
the	O
effect	O
of	O
treatment	O
of	O
rats	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
on	O
acute	O
renal	O
failure	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
gentamicin	O
(	O
GM	O
)	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
the	O
vehicle	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
distilled	O
water	O
and	O
5	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
cellulose	O
,	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
a	O
10	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
aqueous	O
suspension	O
of	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
powder	O
,	O
orally	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
concomitantly	O
with	O
GM	O
(	O
80mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
six	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
period	O
)	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
vehicle	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
distilled	O
water	O
and	O
5	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
cellulose	O
,	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
a	O
10	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
aqueous	T-0
suspension	T-0
of	T-0
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
powder	T-1
,	O
orally	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
concomitantly	O
with	O
GM	O
(	O
80mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
six	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
period	O
)	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	T-1
with	O
the	O
vehicle	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
distilled	O
water	O
and	O
5	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
cellulose	O
,	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
a	O
10	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
aqueous	O
suspension	O
of	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
powder	O
,	O
orally	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
concomitantly	T-0
with	T-0
GM	T-0
(	O
80mg	O
/	O
kg	O
/	O
day	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
six	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
period	O
)	O
.	O

Rats	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
the	O
vehicle	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
distilled	O
water	O
and	O
5	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
cellulose	T-0
,	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
(	O
2	O
mL	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
a	O
10	O
%	O
w	O
/	O
v	O
aqueous	T-1
suspension	T-1
of	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
powder	O
,	O
orally	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
concomitantly	O
with	O
GM	B-Chemical
(	O
80mg	T-2
/	T-2
kg	T-2
/	T-2
day	T-2
intramuscularly	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
last	O
six	O
days	O
of	O
the	O
treatment	O
period	O
)	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
was	T-0
assessed	T-0
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
concentrations	O
of	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
reduced	O
glutathione	O
(	O
GSH	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
cortex	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
light	O
microscopic	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
sections	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
concentrations	T-1
of	T-1
creatinine	B-Chemical
and	T-2
urea	T-2
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
reduced	O
glutathione	O
(	O
GSH	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
cortex	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
light	O
microscopic	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
sections	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	O
was	O
assessed	T-0
by	O
measuring	T-1
the	O
concentrations	T-2
of	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
reduced	O
glutathione	O
(	O
GSH	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
kidney	O
cortex	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
light	O
microscopic	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
sections	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
concentrations	O
of	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
reduced	T-0
glutathione	B-Chemical
(	O
GSH	O
)	O
in	T-1
the	T-1
kidney	O
cortex	O
,	O
and	O
by	O
light	O
microscopic	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
sections	O
.	O

Nephrotoxicity	O
was	O
assessed	O
by	O
measuring	O
the	O
concentrations	O
of	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
in	O
the	O
plasma	O
and	O
reduced	O
glutathione	T-0
(	O
GSH	B-Chemical
)	O
in	T-1
the	T-1
kidney	T-1
cortex	T-1
,	O
and	O
by	O
light	O
microscopic	O
examination	O
of	O
kidney	O
sections	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	T-1
with	O
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
and	O
GM	O
significantly	T-0
increased	T-0
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	T-2
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	T-1
Arabic	T-1
and	T-1
GM	B-Chemical
significantly	T-2
increased	T-2
creatinine	T-2
and	T-2
urea	T-2
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	B-Chemical
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	T-0
treatment	T-0
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	B-Chemical
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	T-1
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	T-0
cortical	T-0
GSH	B-Chemical
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	T-1
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	T-0
the	T-0
cellulose	T-0
plus	T-0
GM	B-Chemical
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	T-0
treatment	T-0
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	T-1
GM	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	T-0
-	T-0
induced	T-0
proximal	T-0
tubular	B-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	T-0
severe	T-0
in	T-0
rats	T-0
given	T-0
GM	B-Chemical
together	T-1
with	T-1
gum	T-1
Arabic	T-1
than	O
in	O
those	O
given	O
GM	O
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	O
with	O
gum	T-0
Arabic	T-0
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	T-1
and	O
urea	T-2
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	O
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	T-3
together	T-3
with	T-3
gum	B-Chemical
Arabic	I-Chemical
than	T-4
in	T-4
those	T-4
given	T-4
GM	T-4
and	T-4
cellulose	T-4
.	O

The	O
results	O
indicated	O
that	O
concomitant	O
treatment	T-2
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
and	O
GM	O
significantly	O
increased	O
creatinine	O
and	O
urea	O
by	O
about	O
183	O
and	O
239	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
(	O
compared	T-3
to	O
432	O
and	O
346	O
%	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
in	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
cellulose	O
and	O
GM	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
decreased	O
that	O
of	O
cortical	O
GSH	O
by	O
21	O
%	O
(	O
compared	O
to	O
27	O
%	O
in	O
the	O
cellulose	O
plus	O
GM	O
group	O
)	O
The	O
GM	O
-	O
induced	T-4
proximal	O
tubular	O
necrosis	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
slightly	O
less	O
severe	O
in	O
rats	O
given	O
GM	O
together	O
with	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
than	O
in	O
those	T-1
given	T-1
GM	B-Chemical
and	O
cellulose	O
.	O

It	O
could	O
be	O
inferred	O
that	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
treatment	O
has	O
induced	T-0
a	T-0
modest	T-0
amelioration	T-0
of	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
histological	O
and	O
biochemical	O
indices	O
of	O
GM	B-Chemical
nephrotoxicity	O
.	O

It	O
could	O
be	O
inferred	O
that	O
gum	O
Arabic	O
treatment	O
has	O
induced	T-0
a	T-0
modest	T-0
amelioration	T-0
of	T-0
some	O
of	O
the	O
histological	O
and	O
biochemical	O
indices	T-1
of	O
GM	O
nephrotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Further	O
work	O
is	O
warranted	O
on	O
the	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
treatments	T-0
on	T-0
renal	O
functional	O
aspects	O
in	O
models	T-1
of	T-1
chronic	B-Disease
renal	I-Disease
failure	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
on	O
the	O
mechanism	T-2
(	T-2
s	T-2
)	T-2
involved	T-2
.	O

Increased	T-1
frequency	T-1
of	T-1
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
with	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
docetaxel	O
and	O
thalidomide	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
metastatic	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
.	O

Increased	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
with	O
the	O
combination	T-1
of	T-1
docetaxel	B-Chemical
and	T-0
thalidomide	T-0
in	O
patients	O
with	O
metastatic	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
.	O

Increased	T-0
frequency	T-0
of	T-0
venous	T-0
thromboembolism	T-0
with	O
the	O
combination	T-1
of	T-1
docetaxel	O
and	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
in	O
patients	O
with	O
metastatic	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
.	O

Increased	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
with	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
docetaxel	O
and	O
thalidomide	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
metastatic	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	T-0
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
frequency	T-0
of	T-0
venous	B-Disease
thromboembolism	I-Disease
(	T-1
VTE	T-1
)	T-1
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
who	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
docetaxel	O
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
thalidomide	O
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
frequency	T-2
of	T-2
venous	T-0
thromboembolism	T-0
(	O
VTE	B-Disease
)	O
in	T-1
patients	T-1
with	T-1
advanced	T-1
androgen	T-1
-	O
independent	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
who	O
were	O
treated	O
with	O
docetaxel	O
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
thalidomide	O
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	T-0
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
who	O
were	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
docetaxel	O
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
thalidomide	O
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
who	O
were	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
docetaxel	B-Chemical
alone	O
or	O
in	O
combination	O
with	O
thalidomide	O
.	O

STUDY	O
OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
evaluate	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
venous	O
thromboembolism	O
(	O
VTE	O
)	O
in	O
patients	O
with	O
advanced	O
androgen	O
-	O
independent	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
who	O
were	O
treated	T-1
with	O
docetaxel	O
alone	O
or	O
in	T-2
combination	T-2
with	T-2
thalidomide	B-Chemical
.	O

PATIENTS	T-0
:	O
Seventy	O
men	O
,	O
aged	O
50	O
-	O
80	O
years	O
,	O
with	T-3
advanced	T-3
androgen	O
-	O
independent	T-2
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
.	O

INTERVENTION	O
:	O
Each	O
patient	O
received	O
either	O
intravenous	T-1
docetaxel	B-Chemical
30	O
mg	T-0
/	T-0
m2	T-0
/	T-0
week	T-0
for	T-0
3	T-0
consecutive	T-0
weeks	T-0
,	O
followed	O
by	O
1	O
week	O
off	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
continuous	O
oral	O
thalidomide	O
200	O
mg	O
every	O
evening	O
plus	O
the	O
same	O
docetaxel	O
regimen	O
.	O

INTERVENTION	O
:	O
Each	O
patient	O
received	T-0
either	T-0
intravenous	T-0
docetaxel	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
week	O
for	O
3	O
consecutive	O
weeks	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
1	O
week	O
off	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
continuous	T-1
oral	T-1
thalidomide	B-Chemical
200	O
mg	O
every	O
evening	O
plus	O
the	O
same	O
docetaxel	O
regimen	O
.	O

INTERVENTION	O
:	O
Each	O
patient	O
received	O
either	O
intravenous	O
docetaxel	O
30	O
mg	O
/	O
m2	O
/	O
week	O
for	O
3	O
consecutive	O
weeks	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
1	O
week	O
off	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
combination	O
of	O
continuous	O
oral	O
thalidomide	O
200	O
mg	O
every	O
evening	O
plus	O
the	T-1
same	T-1
docetaxel	B-Chemical
regimen	O
.	O

This	O
4	O
-	O
week	O
cycle	O
was	O
repeated	O
until	O
there	O
was	O
evidence	O
of	O
excessive	T-0
toxicity	B-Disease
or	O
disease	T-1
progression	T-1
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
23	O
patients	T-1
who	O
received	T-0
docetaxel	B-Chemical
alone	O
developed	O
VTE	O
,	O
whereas	O
9	O
of	O
47	O
patients	T-2
(	O
19	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	O
plus	O
thalidomide	O
developed	O
VTE	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
23	T-1
patients	T-1
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	O
alone	O
developed	T-0
VTE	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
9	T-2
of	T-2
47	T-2
patients	T-2
(	O
19	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	O
plus	O
thalidomide	O
developed	O
VTE	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
23	O
patients	T-0
who	T-0
received	T-0
docetaxel	O
alone	O
developed	O
VTE	O
,	O
whereas	O
9	O
of	O
47	O
patients	O
(	O
19	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
received	T-1
docetaxel	B-Chemical
plus	T-2
thalidomide	T-2
developed	O
VTE	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
23	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	O
alone	O
developed	O
VTE	O
,	O
whereas	O
9	O
of	O
47	O
patients	O
(	O
19	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
received	T-1
docetaxel	O
plus	O
thalidomide	B-Chemical
developed	T-0
VTE	T-0
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

MEASUREMENTS	O
AND	O
MAIN	O
RESULTS	O
:	O
None	O
of	O
23	O
patients	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	O
alone	O
developed	O
VTE	O
,	O
whereas	O
9	O
of	O
47	O
patients	O
(	O
19	O
%	O
)	O
who	O
received	O
docetaxel	O
plus	O
thalidomide	O
developed	T-0
VTE	B-Disease
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
025	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
addition	T-0
of	T-0
thalidomide	B-Chemical
to	O
docetaxel	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
significantly	O
increases	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
VTE	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
addition	T-2
of	T-2
thalidomide	O
to	T-0
docetaxel	B-Chemical
in	T-1
the	O
treatment	T-3
of	T-3
prostate	O
cancer	O
significantly	O
increases	O
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
VTE	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
addition	O
of	O
thalidomide	O
to	O
docetaxel	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	T-0
of	T-0
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
significantly	T-1
increases	T-1
the	O
frequency	O
of	O
VTE	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
The	O
addition	O
of	O
thalidomide	O
to	O
docetaxel	O
in	O
the	O
treatment	O
of	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
significantly	O
increases	T-0
the	T-0
frequency	T-0
of	T-0
VTE	B-Disease
.	O

Clinicians	O
should	O
be	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
potential	O
complication	O
when	O
adding	T-0
thalidomide	B-Chemical
to	O
chemotherapeutic	O
regimens	O
.	O

Ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
cholestatic	O
hepatitis	O
.	O

Ticlopidine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
2	O
cases	T-0
of	T-0
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
cholestatic	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
investigate	T-3
its	T-3
mechanism	T-3
,	O
and	O
compare	O
the	O
observed	O
main	O
characteristics	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
published	O
cases	O
.	O

OBJECTIVE	O
:	O
To	O
report	O
2	O
cases	T-0
of	T-0
ticlopidine	T-2
-	T-2
induced	T-2
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
investigate	O
its	O
mechanism	O
,	O
and	O
compare	O
the	O
observed	O
main	O
characteristics	O
with	O
those	O
of	O
the	O
published	O
cases	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARIES	O
:	O
Two	O
patients	T-0
developed	O
prolonged	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
after	O
receiving	O
ticlopidine	O
following	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
angioplasty	O
,	O
with	O
complete	O
remission	O
during	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
.	O

CASE	O
SUMMARIES	O
:	O
Two	O
patients	O
developed	O
prolonged	O
cholestatic	O
hepatitis	O
after	O
receiving	T-0
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
following	O
percutaneous	O
coronary	O
angioplasty	O
,	O
with	O
complete	O
remission	O
during	O
the	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
period	O
.	O

T	O
-	O
cell	O
stimulation	O
by	O
therapeutic	O
concentration	T-0
of	T-0
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
was	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
vitro	O
in	O
the	O
patients	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
healthy	O
controls	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	T-0
of	O
the	O
antiplatelet	O
agent	O
ticlopidine	O
;	O
several	O
cases	O
have	O
been	T-1
reported	T-1
but	O
few	O
in	O
the	O
English	O
literature	O
.	O

DISCUSSION	O
:	O
Cholestatic	O
hepatitis	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
complication	O
of	O
the	O
antiplatelet	O
agent	T-0
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
;	O
several	O
cases	O
have	O
been	O
reported	O
but	O
few	O
in	O
the	O
English	O
literature	O
.	O

Our	O
patients	O
developed	O
jaundice	B-Disease
following	T-0
treatment	T-0
with	O
ticlopidine	O
and	O
showed	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
characteristics	O
of	O
cholestatic	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Our	O
patients	O
developed	O
jaundice	O
following	O
treatment	T-1
with	T-1
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
and	T-2
showed	T-2
the	T-2
clinical	T-2
and	O
laboratory	O
characteristics	O
of	O
cholestatic	O
hepatitis	O
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

Our	T-0
patients	T-0
developed	T-0
jaundice	O
following	O
treatment	O
with	O
ticlopidine	O
and	O
showed	O
the	O
clinical	O
and	O
laboratory	O
characteristics	O
of	O
cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
,	O
which	O
resolved	O
after	O
discontinuation	O
of	O
the	O
drug	O
.	O

An	O
objective	O
causality	O
assessment	O
revealed	O
that	O
the	O
adverse	O
drug	O
event	O
was	O
probably	O
related	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
use	T-1
of	T-1
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
.	O

The	O
mechanisms	O
of	T-0
this	T-0
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
cholestasis	O
are	O
unclear	O
.	O

The	O
mechanisms	O
of	O
this	O
ticlopidine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
cholestasis	B-Disease
are	T-0
unclear	T-0
.	O

Immune	T-1
mechanisms	T-1
may	O
be	O
involved	T-0
in	O
the	O
drug	O
'	O
s	O
hepatotoxicity	B-Disease
,	O
as	O
suggested	O
by	O
the	O
T	O
-	O
cell	O
stimulation	O
study	O
reported	O
here	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Cholestatic	B-Disease
hepatitis	I-Disease
is	T-2
a	T-2
rare	T-2
adverse	T-0
effect	O
of	O
ticlopidine	O
that	O
may	T-1
be	T-1
immune	T-1
mediated	T-1
.	T-0

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Cholestatic	O
hepatitis	O
is	O
a	O
rare	O
adverse	O
effect	T-0
of	T-0
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
that	O
may	O
be	O
immune	O
mediated	O
.	O

This	O
complication	O
will	O
be	O
observed	O
even	O
less	O
often	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
as	O
ticlopidine	B-Chemical
is	T-1
being	T-1
replaced	T-1
by	T-0
the	T-0
newer	T-0
antiplatelet	T-0
agent	O
clopidogrel	O
.	O

This	O
complication	O
will	O
be	O
observed	O
even	O
less	O
often	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
as	O
ticlopidine	O
is	O
being	O
replaced	T-1
by	T-1
the	O
newer	O
antiplatelet	O
agent	T-0
clopidogrel	B-Chemical
.	O

Epithelial	T-2
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	T-0
(	T-3
ENaC	T-3
)	T-3
subunit	O
mRNA	O
and	O
protein	T-1
expression	T-1
in	O
rats	O
with	O
puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	O
syndrome	O
.	O

Epithelial	T-0
sodium	T-0
channel	T-0
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
subunit	O
mRNA	O
and	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
nephrotic	O
syndrome	O
.	O

Epithelial	O
sodium	O
channel	O
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
subunit	O
mRNA	O
and	O
protein	O
expression	O
in	O
rats	O
with	O
puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
-	O
induced	T-0
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

In	T-1
experimental	T-1
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
,	O
urinary	T-2
sodium	T-2
excretion	T-2
is	O
decreased	O
during	O
the	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
disease	O
.	O

The	O
rate	O
-	O
limiting	O
constituent	O
of	O
collecting	T-1
duct	T-1
sodium	B-Chemical
transport	O
is	O
the	O
epithelial	O
sodium	O
channel	O
(	O
ENaC	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
rate	O
-	O
limiting	O
constituent	O
of	O
collecting	O
duct	O
sodium	O
transport	O
is	T-0
the	T-0
epithelial	O
sodium	B-Chemical
channel	O
(	T-1
ENaC	T-1
)	T-1
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
abundance	O
of	O
ENaC	O
subunit	O
mRNAs	O
and	O
proteins	O
in	O
puromycin	B-Chemical
aminonucleoside	I-Chemical
(	O
PAN	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-0
nephrotic	O
syndrome	O
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
abundance	O
of	O
ENaC	O
subunit	O
mRNAs	O
and	O
proteins	T-0
in	T-0
puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
(	O
PAN	B-Chemical
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
nephrotic	O
syndrome	O
.	O

We	O
examined	O
the	O
abundance	O
of	O
ENaC	O
subunit	O
mRNAs	O
and	O
proteins	O
in	O
puromycin	O
aminonucleoside	O
(	O
PAN	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-0
nephrotic	B-Disease
syndrome	I-Disease
.	O

The	O
time	T-1
courses	T-1
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	T-2
,	O
plasma	O
aldosterone	O
concentration	O
and	O
proteinuria	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
either	O
PAN	O
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	O
time	O
courses	O
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	O
excretion	O
,	O
plasma	T-0
aldosterone	B-Chemical
concentration	T-1
and	O
proteinuria	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
either	O
PAN	O
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	O
time	O
courses	O
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	O
excretion	O
,	O
plasma	O
aldosterone	O
concentration	O
and	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
were	O
studied	O
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
a	O
single	O
dose	O
of	O
either	O
PAN	O
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	O
time	T-0
courses	T-0
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	O
excretion	O
,	O
plasma	T-2
aldosterone	T-2
concentration	O
and	O
proteinuria	O
were	O
studied	O
in	O
male	O
Sprague	O
-	O
Dawley	O
rats	O
treated	T-1
with	T-1
a	T-1
single	T-1
dose	T-1
of	O
either	O
PAN	B-Chemical
or	O
vehicle	O
.	O

The	O
kinetics	T-0
of	T-0
urinary	T-0
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	T-1
and	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
proteinuria	O
were	O
comparable	O
with	O
those	O
reported	O
previously	O
.	O

The	O
kinetics	O
of	O
urinary	O
sodium	O
excretion	O
and	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
proteinuria	B-Disease
were	T-0
comparable	T-0
with	T-0
those	T-0
reported	T-0
previously	T-0
.	O

Sodium	B-Chemical
retention	T-0
occurred	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
after	O
PAN	O
injection	O
.	O

Sodium	O
retention	O
occurred	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
after	O
PAN	B-Chemical
injection	T-0
.	O

A	O
significant	O
up	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
and	O
betaENaC	O
mRNA	O
abundance	O
on	O
days	O
1	O
and	O
2	O
preceded	T-0
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	O
on	O
days	O
2	O
and	O
3	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
down	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
on	O
day	O
3	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
presence	T-1
of	T-1
high	T-1
aldosterone	B-Chemical
concentrations	T-2
,	O
and	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
return	O
of	O
sodium	O
excretion	O
to	O
control	O
values	O
.	O

Conversely	O
,	O
down	O
-	O
regulation	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
on	O
day	O
3	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
high	O
aldosterone	O
concentrations	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
return	T-1
of	T-1
sodium	B-Chemical
excretion	T-2
to	O
control	O
values	O
.	O

The	O
amounts	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
proteins	O
were	O
not	O
increased	T-0
during	T-0
PAN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
sodium	T-2
retention	T-2
.	O

The	O
amounts	O
of	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
betaENaC	O
and	O
gammaENaC	O
proteins	O
were	T-3
not	T-3
increased	T-3
during	T-3
PAN	T-3
-	O
induced	T-1
sodium	B-Chemical
retention	T-2
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
ENaC	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
,	O
especially	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
is	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
very	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
experimental	O
model	T-0
of	T-0
PAN	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
nephrotic	O
syndrome	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
but	O
appears	O
to	O
escape	O
from	O
the	O
regulation	O
by	O
aldosterone	O
after	O
day	O
3	O
.	O

In	O
conclusion	O
,	O
ENaC	O
mRNA	O
expression	O
,	O
especially	O
alphaENaC	O
,	O
is	O
increased	O
in	O
the	O
very	O
early	O
phase	O
of	O
the	O
experimental	O
model	O
of	O
PAN	O
-	O
induced	O
nephrotic	O
syndrome	O
in	O
rats	O
,	O
but	O
appears	O
to	O
escape	O
from	O
the	O
regulation	T-1
by	T-1
aldosterone	B-Chemical
after	T-0
day	T-0
3	T-0
.	T-0

Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	T-0
dose	T-0
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
vinyl	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
(	O
vigabatrin	O
)	O
inhibits	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
dopamine	O
.	O

Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
gamma	O
-	O
vinyl	O
GABA	O
(	O
vigabatrin	B-Chemical
)	O
inhibits	T-0
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
dopamine	O
.	O

Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
gamma	O
-	O
vinyl	O
GABA	O
(	O
vigabatrin	O
)	O
inhibits	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
dopamine	O
.	O

Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
gamma	O
-	O
vinyl	O
GABA	O
(	O
vigabatrin	O
)	O
inhibits	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
increases	T-1
in	T-1
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Vinyl	I-Chemical
GABA	I-Chemical
(	O
GVG	O
)	O
irreversibly	T-0
inhibits	T-0
GABA	O
-	O
transaminase	O
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
gamma	T-0
-	T-0
Vinyl	T-0
GABA	T-0
(	O
GVG	B-Chemical
)	O
irreversibly	T-1
inhibits	T-1
GABA	T-1
-	T-1
transaminase	T-1
.	O

RATIONALE	O
:	O
gamma	T-0
-	O
Vinyl	O
GABA	O
(	O
GVG	O
)	O
irreversibly	T-2
inhibits	T-2
GABA	B-Chemical
-	O
transaminase	T-1
.	T-0

This	O
non	O
-	O
receptor	O
mediated	O
inhibition	O
requires	O
de	O
novo	O
synthesis	O
for	O
restoration	T-0
of	O
functional	O
GABA	B-Chemical
catabolism	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	T-0
treating	T-0
substance	B-Disease
abuse	I-Disease
and	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
visual	O
field	O
defects	O
(	O
VFD	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	O
on	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
NAcc	O
)	O
dopamine	O
(	O
DA	O
)	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	O
treating	O
substance	O
abuse	O
and	O
the	O
increased	T-0
risk	O
of	O
visual	B-Disease
field	I-Disease
defects	I-Disease
(	O
VFD	O
)	O
associated	T-1
with	T-1
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	O
on	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
NAcc	O
)	O
dopamine	O
(	O
DA	O
)	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	O
treating	T-0
substance	O
abuse	O
and	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
visual	O
field	O
defects	O
(	O
VFD	B-Disease
)	O
associated	O
with	O
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	O
on	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
NAcc	O
)	O
dopamine	O
(	O
DA	O
)	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	O
treating	O
substance	O
abuse	O
and	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
visual	O
field	O
defects	O
(	O
VFD	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	T-2
low	T-2
dose	T-2
GVG	B-Chemical
on	T-3
cocaine	T-3
-	O
induced	T-1
increases	O
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
NAcc	O
)	O
dopamine	O
(	O
DA	O
)	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	O
treating	O
substance	O
abuse	O
and	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
visual	O
field	O
defects	O
(	O
VFD	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	O
on	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
increases	T-1
in	O
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
NAcc	O
)	O
dopamine	O
(	O
DA	O
)	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	O
treating	O
substance	O
abuse	O
and	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
visual	O
field	O
defects	O
(	O
VFD	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	O
on	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
increases	T-1
in	T-1
nucleus	T-1
accumbens	T-1
(	T-1
NAcc	T-1
)	T-1
dopamine	B-Chemical
(	O
DA	O
)	O
.	O

OBJECTIVES	O
:	O
Given	O
its	O
preclinical	O
success	O
for	O
treating	O
substance	O
abuse	O
and	O
the	O
increased	O
risk	O
of	O
visual	O
field	O
defects	O
(	O
VFD	O
)	O
associated	O
with	O
cumulative	O
lifetime	O
exposure	O
,	O
we	O
explored	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	O
on	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
increases	T-1
in	T-1
nucleus	O
accumbens	O
(	O
NAcc	O
)	O
dopamine	O
(	O
DA	B-Chemical
)	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
GVG	B-Chemical
exposure	T-1
inhibited	T-1
the	T-1
effect	T-1
of	O
cocaine	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
which	O
exceeded	O
in	O
magnitude	O
and	O
duration	O
the	O
identical	O
acute	O
dose	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
GVG	O
exposure	O
inhibited	T-0
the	O
effect	T-1
of	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
for	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
which	O
exceeded	O
in	O
magnitude	O
and	O
duration	O
the	O
identical	O
acute	O
dose	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	T-0
dose	T-0
GVG	B-Chemical
potentiates	T-3
and	O
extends	O
the	O
inhibition	T-1
of	T-1
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
increases	T-2
in	T-2
dopamine	O
,	O
effectively	O
reducing	O
cumulative	O
exposures	O
and	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
VFDS	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	O
low	O
dose	O
GVG	O
potentiates	O
and	O
extends	O
the	O
inhibition	T-0
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
increases	T-1
in	T-1
dopamine	T-1
,	O
effectively	O
reducing	O
cumulative	O
exposures	O
and	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
VFDS	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Sub	O
-	O
chronic	T-0
low	T-0
dose	T-0
GVG	O
potentiates	O
and	O
extends	O
the	O
inhibition	O
of	O
cocaine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
increases	O
in	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
,	O
effectively	O
reducing	T-2
cumulative	O
exposures	O
and	O
the	O
risk	O
for	O
VFDS	O
.	O

MR	O
imaging	O
with	O
quantitative	O
diffusion	O
mapping	T-0
of	T-0
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
neurotoxicity	O
in	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
.	O

MR	O
imaging	O
with	O
quantitative	O
diffusion	O
mapping	O
of	O
tacrolimus	O
-	O
induced	T-0
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
in	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
.	O

Our	O
objective	O
was	O
to	O
investigate	O
brain	O
MR	O
imaging	O
findings	O
and	O
the	O
utility	O
of	O
diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
(	O
DW	O
)	O
imaging	O
in	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
who	O
developed	O
neurologic	O
symptoms	O
during	T-0
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
therapy	T-1
.	O

Brain	O
MR	O
studies	O
,	O
including	O
DW	O
imaging	O
,	O
were	O
prospectively	O
performed	O
in	O
14	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	O
receiving	T-0
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
who	T-1
developed	T-1
neurologic	O
complications	O
.	O

Brain	O
MR	O
studies	O
,	O
including	O
DW	O
imaging	O
,	O
were	O
prospectively	O
performed	O
in	O
14	O
organ	O
transplant	O
patients	T-1
receiving	O
tacrolimus	O
who	O
developed	T-0
neurologic	B-Disease
complications	I-Disease
.	O

Of	O
the	O
14	O
patients	T-0
,	O
5	O
(	O
35	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
had	T-1
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
1	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
putaminal	O
hemorrhage	O
,	O
and	O
8	O
(	O
57	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
normal	O
findings	O
on	O
initial	O
MR	O
images	O
.	O

Of	O
the	O
14	O
patients	O
,	O
5	O
(	O
35	O
.	O
7	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
white	O
matter	O
abnormalities	O
,	O
1	O
(	O
7	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
had	T-0
putaminal	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
,	O
and	O
8	O
(	O
57	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
)	O
had	O
normal	O
findings	O
on	O
initial	O
MR	O
images	O
.	O

Among	T-0
the	O
5	O
patients	T-1
with	T-1
white	B-Disease
matter	I-Disease
abnormalities	I-Disease
,	O
4	O
patients	O
(	O
80	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
higher	O
than	O
normal	O
ADC	O
values	O
on	O
initial	O
MR	O
images	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
showed	O
complete	O
resolution	O
on	O
follow	O
-	O
up	O
images	O
.	O

The	O
remaining	O
1	O
patient	T-0
(	O
20	O
.	O
0	O
%	O
)	O
showed	O
lower	O
than	O
normal	O
ADC	O
value	O
and	O
showed	O
incomplete	O
resolution	O
with	T-1
cortical	B-Disease
laminar	I-Disease
necrosis	I-Disease
.	O

Diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
imaging	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
predicting	O
the	O
outcomes	O
of	O
the	O
lesions	T-0
of	T-0
tacrolimus	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
neurotoxicity	T-1
.	O

Diffusion	O
-	O
weighted	O
imaging	O
may	O
be	O
useful	O
in	O
predicting	O
the	O
outcomes	O
of	O
the	O
lesions	O
of	O
tacrolimus	O
-	O
induced	T-0
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	T-1
in	O
humans	O
with	O
cortisol	O
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	O
.	O

L	O
-	O
arginine	O
transport	O
in	O
humans	T-0
with	T-0
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
hypertension	O
.	O

L	O
-	O
arginine	O
transport	O
in	O
humans	O
with	O
cortisol	T-2
-	T-2
induced	T-2
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

A	O
deficient	T-0
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
-	O
nitric	O
oxide	O
system	O
is	O
implicated	T-1
in	O
cortisol	O
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	O
.	O

A	O
deficient	T-1
L	O
-	O
arginine	T-0
-	O
nitric	B-Chemical
oxide	I-Chemical
system	O
is	O
implicated	T-2
in	O
cortisol	O
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	O
.	O

A	O
deficient	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
-	O
nitric	O
oxide	O
system	O
is	O
implicated	T-0
in	T-0
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
hypertension	O
.	O

A	O
deficient	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
-	O
nitric	O
oxide	O
system	O
is	O
implicated	O
in	O
cortisol	O
-	O
induced	T-0
hypertension	B-Disease
.	O

We	O
investigate	O
whether	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	T-0
contribute	O
to	O
this	O
deficiency	O
.	O

Hydrocortisone	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
50	O
mg	O
)	O
was	O
given	T-0
orally	T-0
every	O
6	O
hours	O
for	O
24	O
hours	O
after	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
day	O
fixed	O
-	O
salt	O
diet	O
(	O
150	O
mmol	O
/	O
d	O
)	O
.	O

L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	T-0
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
incubated	O
with	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
(	O
1	O
to	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
incorporating	O
100	O
nmol	O
/	O
L	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
-	O
l	O
-	O
arginine	O
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
5	O
minutes	O
at	O
37	O
degrees	O
C	O
.	O

L	O
-	O
arginine	O
uptake	O
was	O
assessed	T-0
in	T-0
mononuclear	T-0
cells	T-0
incubated	T-1
with	T-1
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
(	O
1	O
to	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
incorporating	O
100	O
nmol	O
/	O
L	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
-	O
l	O
-	O
arginine	O
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
5	O
minutes	O
at	O
37	O
degrees	O
C	O
.	O

L	O
-	O
arginine	O
uptake	O
was	O
assessed	O
in	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
incubated	T-0
with	T-0
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
(	O
1	O
to	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
,	O
incorporating	O
100	O
nmol	O
/	O
L	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
l	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
for	O
a	O
period	O
of	O
5	O
minutes	O
at	O
37	O
degrees	O
C	O
.	O

Forearm	O
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	T-0
was	O
calculated	O
after	O
infusion	O
of	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
into	O
the	O
brachial	O
artery	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
100	O
nCi	O
/	O
min	O
for	O
80	O
minutes	O
.	O

Forearm	O
[	O
3H	O
]	O
-	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
extraction	O
was	O
calculated	O
after	O
infusion	T-0
of	T-0
[	B-Chemical
3H	I-Chemical
]	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
L	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
into	O
the	O
brachial	O
artery	O
at	O
a	O
rate	O
of	O
100	O
nCi	O
/	O
min	O
for	O
80	O
minutes	O
.	O

Deep	O
forearm	O
venous	O
samples	O
were	O
collected	O
for	O
determination	T-0
of	T-0
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	T-1
.	O

Plasma	T-0
cortisol	B-Chemical
concentrations	T-1
were	O
significantly	O
raised	O
during	O
the	O
active	O
phase	O
(	O
323	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
43	O
to	O
1082	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
245	O
mmol	O
/	O
L	O
,	O
P	O
<	O
0	O
.	O
05	O
)	O
.	O

Neither	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	T-0
into	T-0
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
29	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
pmol	O
/	O
10	O
000	O
cells	O
per	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
l	O
-	O
arginine	O
concentration	O
of	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
nor	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
extraction	O
in	O
the	O
forearm	O
(	O
at	O
80	O
minutes	O
,	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
1	O
868	O
904	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
434	O
962	O
vs	O
2	O
013	O
910	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
770	O
619	O
disintegrations	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
;	O
ie	O
,	O
that	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
uptake	O
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
.	O

Neither	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
transport	O
into	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
29	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
pmol	O
/	O
10	O
000	O
cells	O
per	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
at	T-0
an	T-0
l	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
concentration	T-1
of	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
nor	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
extraction	O
in	O
the	O
forearm	O
(	O
at	O
80	O
minutes	O
,	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
1	O
868	O
904	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
434	O
962	O
vs	O
2	O
013	O
910	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
770	O
619	O
disintegrations	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
;	O
ie	O
,	O
that	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
uptake	O
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
.	O

Neither	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
transport	O
into	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
29	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
pmol	O
/	O
10	O
000	O
cells	O
per	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
l	O
-	O
arginine	O
concentration	T-0
of	T-0
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
nor	O
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
extraction	T-1
in	O
the	O
forearm	O
(	O
at	O
80	O
minutes	O
,	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
1	O
868	O
904	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
434	O
962	O
vs	O
2	O
013	O
910	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
770	O
619	O
disintegrations	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
;	O
ie	O
,	O
that	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
uptake	O
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
.	O

Neither	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
transport	O
into	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
29	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
pmol	O
/	O
10	O
000	O
cells	O
per	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
l	T-0
-	T-0
arginine	T-0
concentration	T-0
of	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
nor	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
extraction	O
in	O
the	O
forearm	O
(	O
at	O
80	O
minutes	O
,	O
placebo	T-1
vs	T-1
active	T-1
,	O
1	O
868	O
904	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
434	O
962	O
vs	O
2	O
013	O
910	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
770	O
619	O
disintegrations	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
cortisol	B-Chemical
treatment	O
;	O
ie	O
,	O
that	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
uptake	O
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
.	O

Neither	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
transport	O
into	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
29	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
pmol	O
/	O
10	O
000	O
cells	O
per	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
l	O
-	O
arginine	O
concentration	O
of	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
nor	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
extraction	O
in	O
the	O
forearm	O
(	O
at	O
80	O
minutes	O
,	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
1	O
868	O
904	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
434	O
962	O
vs	O
2	O
013	O
910	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
770	O
619	O
disintegrations	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
;	O
ie	O
,	O
that	T-0
L	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
uptake	T-1
is	O
not	O
affected	O
by	O
short	O
-	O
term	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
.	O

Neither	O
L	T-0
-	T-0
arginine	T-0
transport	T-0
into	O
mononuclear	O
cells	O
(	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
26	O
.	O
3	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
3	O
.	O
6	O
vs	O
29	O
.	O
0	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
1	O
pmol	O
/	O
10	O
000	O
cells	O
per	O
5	O
minutes	O
,	O
respectively	O
,	O
at	O
an	O
l	O
-	O
arginine	O
concentration	O
of	O
300	O
micromol	O
/	O
L	O
)	O
nor	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
extraction	O
in	O
the	O
forearm	O
(	O
at	O
80	O
minutes	O
,	O
placebo	O
vs	O
active	O
,	O
1	O
868	O
904	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
434	O
962	O
vs	O
2	O
013	O
910	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
770	O
619	O
disintegrations	O
per	O
minute	O
)	O
was	O
affected	O
by	O
cortisol	O
treatment	O
;	O
ie	O
,	O
that	O
L	O
-	O
arginine	O
uptake	O
is	O
not	T-1
affected	T-1
by	T-1
short	T-1
-	T-1
term	T-1
cortisol	B-Chemical
treatment	T-2
.	O

We	O
conclude	T-0
that	T-0
cortisol	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-1
increases	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
are	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
the	O
l	O
-	O
arginine	O
transport	O
system	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
cortisol	O
-	O
induced	T-0
increases	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
blood	I-Disease
pressure	I-Disease
are	T-1
not	T-1
associated	T-1
with	O
abnormalities	O
in	O
the	O
l	O
-	O
arginine	O
transport	O
system	O
.	O

We	O
conclude	O
that	O
cortisol	O
-	O
induced	O
increases	O
in	O
blood	O
pressure	O
are	O
not	O
associated	O
with	O
abnormalities	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
l	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
arginine	I-Chemical
transport	T-1
system	T-1
.	O

Amount	O
of	O
bleeding	B-Disease
and	O
hematoma	O
size	O
in	O
the	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	T-0
intracerebral	O
hemorrhage	O
rat	O
model	O
.	O

Amount	O
of	O
bleeding	O
and	O
hematoma	B-Disease
size	O
in	O
the	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	T-0
intracerebral	O
hemorrhage	O
rat	O
model	O
.	O

Amount	O
of	O
bleeding	O
and	O
hematoma	O
size	O
in	O
the	O
collagenase	O
-	O
induced	T-0
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
rat	T-1
model	T-1
.	O

The	O
aggravated	T-3
risk	T-3
on	T-3
intracerebral	B-Disease
hemorrhage	I-Disease
(	O
ICH	O
)	O
with	O
drugs	T-1
used	O
for	O
stroke	O
patients	T-2
should	O
be	O
estimated	O
carefully	O
.	O

The	O
aggravated	O
risk	O
on	O
intracerebral	T-1
hemorrhage	T-1
(	O
ICH	B-Disease
)	O
with	O
drugs	O
used	O
for	O
stroke	T-0
patients	T-0
should	O
be	O
estimated	O
carefully	O
.	O

The	O
aggravated	O
risk	O
on	O
intracerebral	O
hemorrhage	O
(	O
ICH	O
)	O
with	O
drugs	T-0
used	T-0
for	T-0
stroke	B-Disease
patients	O
should	O
be	O
estimated	O
carefully	O
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
established	O
sensitive	O
quantification	O
methods	O
and	O
provided	T-1
a	T-1
rat	T-1
ICH	B-Disease
model	T-2
for	T-2
detection	T-2
of	T-2
ICH	T-2
deterioration	T-2
.	O

We	O
therefore	O
established	O
sensitive	O
quantification	O
methods	O
and	O
provided	O
a	O
rat	O
ICH	O
model	O
for	O
detection	T-0
of	T-0
ICH	B-Disease
deterioration	T-1
.	O

In	O
ICH	B-Disease
intrastriatally	O
induced	T-0
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
070	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
350	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
bleeding	O
was	O
measured	O
using	O
a	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
and	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
morphologically	O
determined	O
hematoma	O
volume	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	O
intrastriatally	O
induced	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
070	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
350	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
the	T-0
amount	T-0
of	T-0
bleeding	B-Disease
was	T-1
measured	T-1
using	O
a	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
and	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
morphologically	O
determined	O
hematoma	O
volume	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	O
intrastriatally	O
induced	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
0	O
.	O
070	O
-	O
unit	O
,	O
and	O
0	O
.	O
350	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
bleeding	O
was	O
measured	O
using	O
a	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
present	O
study	O
and	O
was	O
compared	O
with	O
the	O
morphologically	O
determined	T-0
hematoma	B-Disease
volume	T-1
.	O

The	O
blood	T-0
amounts	T-0
and	O
hematoma	B-Disease
volumes	T-1
were	O
significantly	O
correlated	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
hematoma	O
induced	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
was	O
adequate	O
to	O
detect	O
ICH	O
deterioration	O
.	O

The	O
blood	O
amounts	O
and	O
hematoma	O
volumes	O
were	O
significantly	O
correlated	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
induced	T-0
by	T-0
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
was	O
adequate	O
to	O
detect	O
ICH	O
deterioration	O
.	O

The	O
blood	O
amounts	O
and	O
hematoma	O
volumes	O
were	O
significantly	O
correlated	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
hematoma	O
induced	O
by	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
was	O
adequate	O
to	O
detect	T-0
ICH	B-Disease
deterioration	T-1
.	O

In	O
ICH	B-Disease
induction	T-0
using	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
heparin	O
enhanced	O
the	O
hematoma	O
volume	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
over	O
that	O
seen	O
in	O
control	O
ICH	O
animals	O
and	O
the	O
bleeding	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	O
induction	T-0
using	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
heparin	B-Chemical
enhanced	T-1
the	O
hematoma	O
volume	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
over	O
that	O
seen	O
in	O
control	O
ICH	O
animals	O
and	O
the	O
bleeding	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	O
induction	O
using	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
heparin	O
enhanced	T-0
the	O
hematoma	B-Disease
volume	T-1
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
over	O
that	O
seen	O
in	O
control	O
ICH	O
animals	O
and	O
the	O
bleeding	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	O
induction	O
using	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
heparin	O
enhanced	O
the	O
hematoma	O
volume	O
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
over	O
that	O
seen	O
in	T-0
control	T-0
ICH	B-Disease
animals	T-1
and	O
the	O
bleeding	O
7	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
.	O

In	O
ICH	O
induction	O
using	O
0	O
.	O
014	O
-	O
unit	O
collagenase	O
,	O
heparin	T-0
enhanced	T-0
the	T-0
hematoma	T-0
volume	T-0
3	O
.	O
4	O
-	O
fold	O
over	O
that	O
seen	O
in	O
control	O
ICH	O
animals	O
and	T-1
the	T-1
bleeding	B-Disease
7	O
.	O
6	O
-	O
fold	O
.	O

Data	O
suggest	O
that	O
this	O
sensitive	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
is	T-1
useful	T-1
for	T-1
ICH	B-Disease
detection	T-2
,	O
and	O
that	O
a	O
model	O
with	O
a	O
small	O
ICH	O
induced	O
with	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
collagenase	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
evaluation	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
may	O
affect	O
ICH	O
.	O

Data	O
suggest	O
that	O
this	O
sensitive	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
is	O
useful	O
for	O
ICH	O
detection	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
a	O
model	O
with	T-0
a	T-0
small	T-0
ICH	B-Disease
induced	T-1
with	T-1
a	T-1
low	T-1
-	O
dose	O
collagenase	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
evaluation	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
may	O
affect	O
ICH	O
.	O

Data	O
suggest	O
that	O
this	O
sensitive	O
hemoglobin	O
assay	O
is	O
useful	O
for	O
ICH	O
detection	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
a	O
model	O
with	O
a	O
small	O
ICH	O
induced	O
with	O
a	O
low	O
-	O
dose	O
collagenase	O
should	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
evaluation	O
of	O
drugs	O
that	O
may	T-0
affect	T-0
ICH	B-Disease
.	O

Estradiol	B-Chemical
reduces	T-1
seizure	T-1
-	O
induced	O
hippocampal	O
injury	O
in	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Estradiol	O
reduces	T-0
seizure	B-Disease
-	O
induced	T-1
hippocampal	O
injury	O
in	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Estradiol	O
reduces	O
seizure	O
-	O
induced	T-1
hippocampal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
in	T-0
ovariectomized	T-0
female	O
but	O
not	O
in	O
male	O
rats	O
.	O

Estrogens	T-1
protect	T-1
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
from	O
hippocampal	B-Disease
injury	I-Disease
induced	T-2
by	T-2
kainic	T-2
acid	T-2
-	O
induced	O
status	O
epilepticus	O
(	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

Estrogens	O
protect	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
from	O
hippocampal	O
injury	O
induced	T-0
by	T-0
kainic	B-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
status	O
epilepticus	O
(	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

Estrogens	O
protect	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
from	O
hippocampal	O
injury	O
induced	O
by	O
kainic	O
acid	O
-	O
induced	T-0
status	B-Disease
epilepticus	I-Disease
(	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

Estrogens	O
protect	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
from	O
hippocampal	O
injury	O
induced	O
by	O
kainic	O
acid	O
-	O
induced	T-0
status	T-0
epilepticus	T-0
(	O
SE	B-Disease
)	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
in	T-1
adult	T-1
male	T-1
and	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
rats	O
subjected	O
to	O
lithium	O
-	O
pilocarpine	O
-	O
induced	O
SE	O
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
17beta	O
-	O
estradiol	O
in	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
rats	O
subjected	T-0
to	T-0
lithium	B-Chemical
-	O
pilocarpine	O
-	O
induced	O
SE	O
.	O

We	O
compared	T-1
the	T-1
effects	T-1
of	T-1
17beta	O
-	O
estradiol	O
in	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
rats	O
subjected	T-2
to	T-2
lithium	O
-	O
pilocarpine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
SE	T-0
.	O

We	O
compared	O
the	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
17beta	O
-	O
estradiol	O
in	O
adult	O
male	O
and	O
ovariectomized	O
female	O
rats	O
subjected	T-1
to	T-1
lithium	O
-	O
pilocarpine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
SE	B-Disease
.	O

Rats	O
received	O
subcutaneous	O
injections	T-0
of	T-0
17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
estradiol	I-Chemical
(	O
2	O
microg	O
/	O
rat	O
)	O
or	O
oil	O
once	O
daily	O
for	O
four	O
consecutive	O
days	O
.	O

SE	B-Disease
was	T-1
induced	T-1
20	O
h	O
following	O
the	O
second	O
injection	O
and	O
terminated	O
3	O
h	O
later	O
.	O

The	O
extent	T-0
of	O
silver	B-Chemical
-	O
stained	T-1
CA3	O
and	O
CA1	O
hippocampal	O
neurons	O
was	O
evaluated	O
2	O
days	O
after	O
SE	O
.	O

The	O
extent	O
of	O
silver	O
-	O
stained	O
CA3	O
and	O
CA1	O
hippocampal	O
neurons	O
was	T-1
evaluated	T-1
2	T-1
days	T-1
after	T-1
SE	B-Disease
.	O

17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Estradiol	I-Chemical
did	T-0
not	T-0
alter	T-0
the	O
onset	O
of	O
first	O
clonus	O
in	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
but	O
accelerated	O
it	O
in	O
males	O
.	O

17beta	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
Estradiol	I-Chemical
reduced	T-1
the	O
argyrophilic	T-0
neurons	T-0
in	O
the	O
CA1	O
and	O
CA3	O
-	O
C	O
sectors	O
of	O
ovariectomized	O
rats	O
.	O

In	O
males	O
,	O
estradiol	B-Chemical
increased	O
the	O
total	T-0
damage	T-0
score	T-0
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
estradiol	B-Chemical
on	O
seizure	O
threshold	O
and	O
damage	O
may	O
be	O
altered	O
by	O
sex	O
-	O
related	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
hormonal	O
environment	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
estradiol	T-0
on	T-0
seizure	B-Disease
threshold	T-1
and	T-1
damage	T-1
may	O
be	O
altered	O
by	O
sex	O
-	O
related	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
hormonal	O
environment	O
.	O

Pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
induced	T-0
by	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
minoxidil	O
.	O

Pseudoacromegaly	T-0
induced	T-2
by	T-2
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	T-1
of	T-1
minoxidil	B-Chemical
.	O

Acromegaly	B-Disease
is	O
an	O
endocrine	O
disorder	T-0
caused	T-0
by	T-0
chronic	O
excessive	O
growth	O
hormone	O
secretion	O
from	O
the	O
anterior	O
pituitary	O
gland	O
.	O

Acromegaly	O
is	T-1
an	T-1
endocrine	B-Disease
disorder	I-Disease
caused	T-2
by	T-2
chronic	T-2
excessive	T-2
growth	O
hormone	O
secretion	O
from	O
the	O
anterior	O
pituitary	O
gland	O
.	O

Significant	O
disfiguring	O
changes	O
occur	T-1
as	T-0
a	T-0
result	T-0
of	T-0
bone	O
,	O
cartilage	O
,	O
and	O
soft	O
tissue	O
hypertrophy	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
thickening	O
of	O
the	O
skin	O
,	O
coarsening	O
of	O
facial	O
features	O
,	O
and	O
cutis	B-Disease
verticis	I-Disease
gyrata	I-Disease
.	O

Pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
presence	T-0
of	T-0
similar	T-0
acromegaloid	T-0
features	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
elevated	O
growth	O
hormone	O
or	O
insulin	O
-	O
like	O
growth	O
factor	O
levels	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
patient	T-1
with	T-1
pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
that	O
resulted	O
from	O
the	O
long	O
-	O
term	O
use	O
of	O
minoxidil	O
at	O
an	O
unusually	O
high	O
dose	O
.	O

We	O
present	O
a	O
patient	T-0
with	O
pseudoacromegaly	O
that	O
resulted	O
from	O
the	O
long	T-3
-	T-3
term	T-3
use	T-3
of	T-3
minoxidil	B-Chemical
at	O
an	O
unusually	O
high	T-2
dose	T-2
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	T-0
case	T-0
report	T-0
of	O
pseudoacromegaly	B-Disease
as	O
a	O
side	T-1
effect	T-1
of	T-1
minoxidil	O
use	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
case	O
report	O
of	O
pseudoacromegaly	O
as	O
a	O
side	T-1
effect	T-1
of	T-1
minoxidil	B-Chemical
use	T-0
.	O

Combined	O
androgen	T-1
blockade	T-1
-	T-1
induced	T-1
anemia	B-Disease
in	O
prostate	O
cancer	O
patients	O
without	O
bone	O
involvement	O
.	O

Combined	T-1
androgen	T-1
blockade	T-1
-	T-1
induced	T-1
anemia	T-1
in	O
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	T-2
without	T-2
bone	T-2
involvement	T-2
.	T-2

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
onset	O
and	O
extent	O
of	O
combined	O
androgen	O
blockade	O
(	O
CAB	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-0
anemia	B-Disease
in	T-1
prostate	T-1
cancer	T-1
patients	T-1
without	O
bone	O
involvement	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
To	O
determine	O
the	O
onset	O
and	O
extent	O
of	O
combined	O
androgen	O
blockade	O
(	O
CAB	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
anemia	T-0
in	T-0
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	O
without	O
bone	O
involvement	O
.	O

PATIENTS	O
AND	O
METHODS	O
:	O
Forty	T-1
-	T-1
two	T-1
patients	T-1
with	T-1
biopsy	T-1
-	T-1
proven	T-1
prostatic	B-Disease
adenocarcinoma	I-Disease
[	O
26	O
with	O
stage	O
C	O
(	O
T3N0M0	O
)	O
and	O
16	O
with	O
stage	O
D1	O
(	O
T3N1M0	O
)	O
]	O
were	O
included	O
in	O
this	O
study	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
received	T-0
CAB	T-1
[	O
leuprolide	B-Chemical
acetate	I-Chemical
(	O
LHRH	O
-	O
A	O
)	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
,	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
plus	O
250	O
mg	O
flutamide	O
,	O
tid	O
,	O
per	O
Os	O
]	O
and	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
anemia	O
by	O
physical	O
examination	O
and	O
laboratory	O
tests	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
4	O
subsequent	O
intervals	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
patients	T-0
received	T-0
CAB	O
[	O
leuprolide	O
acetate	O
(	O
LHRH	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
A	I-Chemical
)	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
,	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
plus	O
250	O
mg	O
flutamide	O
,	O
tid	O
,	O
per	O
Os	O
]	O
and	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
anemia	O
by	O
physical	O
examination	O
and	O
laboratory	O
tests	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
4	O
subsequent	O
intervals	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
patients	T-0
received	T-0
CAB	O
[	O
leuprolide	O
acetate	O
(	O
LHRH	O
-	O
A	O
)	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
,	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
plus	O
250	O
mg	O
flutamide	B-Chemical
,	O
tid	T-1
,	O
per	O
Os	O
]	O
and	O
were	O
evaluated	O
for	O
anemia	O
by	O
physical	O
examination	O
and	O
laboratory	O
tests	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
4	O
subsequent	O
intervals	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
)	O
.	O

All	O
patients	O
received	O
CAB	O
[	O
leuprolide	O
acetate	O
(	O
LHRH	O
-	O
A	O
)	O
3	O
.	O
75	O
mg	O
,	O
intramuscularly	O
,	O
every	O
28	O
days	O
plus	O
250	O
mg	O
flutamide	O
,	O
tid	O
,	O
per	O
Os	O
]	O
and	O
were	O
evaluated	T-0
for	T-0
anemia	B-Disease
by	T-1
physical	T-1
examination	T-1
and	O
laboratory	O
tests	O
at	O
baseline	O
and	O
4	O
subsequent	O
intervals	O
(	O
1	O
,	O
2	O
,	O
3	O
and	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
)	O
.	O

Hb	O
,	O
PSA	O
and	O
Testosterone	B-Chemical
measurements	T-0
were	O
recorded	T-1
.	O

Severe	O
and	O
clinically	O
evident	T-0
anemia	B-Disease
of	O
Hb	O
<	O
11	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
with	O
clinical	O
symptoms	O
was	O
detected	O
in	O
6	O
patients	O
(	O
14	O
.	O
3	O
%	O
)	O
.	O

This	O
CAB	T-3
-	T-3
induced	T-3
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
normochromic	T-1
and	O
normocytic	T-2
.	O

At	O
six	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
,	O
patients	O
with	O
severe	T-0
anemia	B-Disease
had	T-1
a	T-1
Hb	O
mean	O
value	O
of	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
(	O
X	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
other	O
patients	O
had	O
mild	O
anemia	O
with	O
Hb	O
mean	O
value	O
of	O
13	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
(	O
X	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
six	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
,	O
patients	T-0
with	O
severe	O
anemia	O
had	O
a	O
Hb	O
mean	O
value	O
of	O
10	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
1	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
(	O
X	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
,	O
whereas	O
the	O
other	O
patients	T-2
had	T-2
mild	O
anemia	B-Disease
with	O
Hb	O
mean	O
value	O
of	O
13	O
.	O
2	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
0	O
.	O
17	O
(	O
X	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
SE	O
)	O
.	O

The	T-2
development	T-2
of	T-2
severe	T-2
anemia	B-Disease
at	O
6	O
months	O
post	O
-	O
CAB	O
was	O
predictable	O
by	O
the	O
reduction	T-0
of	O
Hb	O
baseline	O
value	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
2	O
.	O
5	O
g	O
/	O
dl	O
after	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
CAB	O
(	O
p	O
=	O
0	O
.	O
01	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
development	T-2
of	T-2
severe	T-2
CAB	O
-	O
induced	T-0
anemia	B-Disease
in	T-1
prostate	T-1
cancer	T-1
patients	T-1
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
T	O
baseline	O
values	O
(	O
T	O
<	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
versus	O
T	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
age	O
(	O
<	O
76	O
yrs	O
versus	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
76	O
yrs	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
clinical	O
stage	O
(	O
stage	O
C	O
versus	O
stage	O
D1	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
development	O
of	O
severe	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	O
anemia	T-1
in	T-1
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	T-0
did	O
not	O
correlate	O
with	O
T	O
baseline	O
values	O
(	O
T	O
<	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
versus	O
T	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
3	O
ng	O
/	O
ml	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
age	O
(	O
<	O
76	O
yrs	O
versus	O
>	O
or	O
=	O
76	O
yrs	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
clinical	O
stage	O
(	O
stage	O
C	O
versus	O
stage	O
D1	O
)	O
.	O

Severe	O
and	O
clinically	T-1
evident	T-1
anemia	B-Disease
was	O
easily	O
corrected	O
by	O
subcutaneous	T-0
injections	T-0
(	O
3	O
times	O
/	O
week	O
for	O
1	O
month	O
)	O
of	O
recombinant	O
erythropoietin	O
(	O
rHuEPO	O
-	O
beta	O
)	O
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
rHuEPO	O
-	O
beta	O
correctable	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	T-2
anemia	B-Disease
occurs	T-0
in	T-0
14	T-0
.	T-0
3	T-0
%	T-0
of	T-0
prostate	O
cancer	O
patients	T-1
after	T-1
6	T-1
months	T-1
of	O
therapy	T-3
.	O

CONCLUSION	O
:	O
Our	O
data	O
suggest	O
that	O
rHuEPO	O
-	O
beta	O
correctable	O
CAB	O
-	O
induced	T-2
anemia	O
occurs	T-0
in	T-0
14	T-3
.	T-3
3	T-3
%	T-3
of	T-3
prostate	B-Disease
cancer	I-Disease
patients	T-4
after	O
6	O
months	O
of	O
therapy	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
during	T-0
clozapine	O
treatment	O
:	O
incidence	O
and	O
associated	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

Delirium	O
during	T-1
clozapine	B-Chemical
treatment	T-2
:	O
incidence	O
and	O
associated	O
risk	T-0
factors	T-0
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Incidence	O
and	O
risk	T-2
factors	T-2
for	T-2
delirium	B-Disease
during	T-3
clozapine	T-3
treatment	O
require	O
further	O
clarification	O
.	O

BACKGROUND	O
:	O
Incidence	O
and	O
risk	O
factors	O
for	O
delirium	T-0
during	T-0
clozapine	B-Chemical
treatment	T-1
require	O
further	O
clarification	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
used	O
computerized	T-0
pharmacy	T-0
records	T-0
to	O
identify	T-2
all	O
adult	O
psychiatric	B-Disease
inpatients	O
treated	T-3
with	O
clozapine	O
(	O
1995	O
-	O
96	O
)	O
,	O
reviewed	O
their	O
medical	O
records	O
to	O
score	O
incidence	T-4
and	T-4
severity	T-4
of	O
delirium	O
,	O
and	O
tested	O
associations	O
with	O
potential	T-1
risk	T-1
factors	T-1
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
used	O
computerized	O
pharmacy	O
records	O
to	O
identify	O
all	O
adult	O
psychiatric	O
inpatients	O
treated	T-0
with	T-0
clozapine	B-Chemical
(	O
1995	O
-	O
96	O
)	O
,	O
reviewed	O
their	O
medical	O
records	O
to	O
score	O
incidence	O
and	O
severity	O
of	O
delirium	O
,	O
and	O
tested	O
associations	O
with	O
potential	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

METHODS	O
:	O
We	O
used	O
computerized	O
pharmacy	O
records	O
to	O
identify	O
all	O
adult	O
psychiatric	O
inpatients	O
treated	O
with	O
clozapine	O
(	O
1995	O
-	O
96	O
)	O
,	O
reviewed	O
their	O
medical	O
records	O
to	O
score	O
incidence	T-0
and	O
severity	T-1
of	O
delirium	B-Disease
,	O
and	O
tested	T-2
associations	O
with	O
potential	O
risk	O
factors	O
.	O

RESULTS	O
:	O
Subjects	O
(	O
n	O
=	O
139	O
)	O
were	O
72	O
women	O
and	O
67	O
men	O
,	O
aged	O
40	O
.	O
8	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
12	O
.	O
1	O
years	O
,	O
hospitalized	O
for	O
24	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
23	O
.	O
3	O
days	O
,	O
and	O
given	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
,	O
gradually	T-1
increased	T-1
to	O
an	O
average	O
daily	T-0
dose	T-0
of	T-0
282	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
203	O
mg	O
(	O
3	O
.	O
45	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
2	O
.	O
45	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
)	O
for	O
18	O
.	O
9	O
+	O
/	O
-	O
16	O
.	O
4	O
days	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
was	O
diagnosed	T-0
in	T-0
14	O
(	O
10	O
.	O
1	O
%	O
incidence	O
,	O
or	O
1	O
.	O
48	O
cases	O
/	O
person	O
-	O
years	O
of	O
exposure	O
)	O
;	O
71	O
.	O
4	O
%	O
of	O
cases	O
were	O
moderate	O
or	O
severe	O
.	O

Associated	O
factors	O
were	O
co	O
-	O
treatment	O
with	O
other	O
centrally	O
antimuscarinic	O
agents	O
,	O
poor	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
,	O
older	O
age	O
,	O
and	O
longer	O
hospitalization	O
(	O
by	O
17	O
.	O
5	O
days	O
,	O
increasing	O
cost	O
)	O
;	O
sex	O
,	O
diagnosis	O
or	O
medical	O
co	O
-	O
morbidity	O
,	O
and	T-0
daily	T-0
clozapine	B-Chemical
dose	O
,	O
which	O
fell	O
with	O
age	O
,	O
were	O
unrelated	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Delirium	B-Disease
was	T-1
found	T-1
in	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
clozapine	T-0
-	T-0
treated	T-0
inpatients	T-0
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
older	O
patients	O
exposed	O
to	O
other	O
central	O
anticholinergics	O
.	O

CONCLUSIONS	O
:	O
Delirium	O
was	O
found	O
in	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
clozapine	B-Chemical
-	O
treated	T-0
inpatients	T-0
,	O
particularly	O
in	O
older	O
patients	T-1
exposed	T-1
to	O
other	O
central	O
anticholinergics	O
.	O

Delirium	B-Disease
was	O
inconsistently	O
recognized	T-0
clinically	T-0
in	O
milder	O
cases	O
and	O
was	O
associated	O
with	O
increased	O
length	O
-	O
of	O
-	O
stay	O
and	O
higher	O
costs	O
,	O
and	O
inferior	O
clinical	O
outcome	O
.	O

Neuroprotective	O
action	T-3
of	T-3
MPEP	B-Chemical
,	O
a	O
selective	T-1
mGluR5	O
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
dopamine	O
outflow	O
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
hyperthermia	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Neuroprotective	T-0
action	T-0
of	O
MPEP	O
,	O
a	O
selective	O
mGluR5	O
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	T-1
in	T-1
dopamine	T-1
outflow	T-1
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
hyperthermia	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Neuroprotective	O
action	O
of	O
MPEP	O
,	O
a	O
selective	O
mGluR5	O
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	B-Disease
is	T-1
associated	T-1
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
dopamine	O
outflow	O
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
hyperthermia	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Neuroprotective	O
action	O
of	O
MPEP	O
,	O
a	O
selective	O
mGluR5	O
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	T-0
in	T-0
dopamine	B-Chemical
outflow	O
and	O
inhibition	O
of	O
hyperthermia	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Neuroprotective	O
action	O
of	O
MPEP	O
,	O
a	O
selective	O
mGluR5	O
antagonist	O
,	O
in	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	O
dopaminergic	O
neurotoxicity	O
is	O
associated	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
dopamine	O
outflow	O
and	O
inhibition	T-1
of	T-1
hyperthermia	B-Disease
in	T-2
rats	T-2
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
role	T-0
of	T-0
metabotropic	T-0
glutamate	B-Chemical
receptor	T-0
5	O
(	O
mGluR5	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
toxic	O
action	O
of	O
methamphetamine	O
on	O
dopaminergic	O
neurones	O
in	O
rats	O
.	O

The	O
aim	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
was	O
to	O
examine	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
metabotropic	O
glutamate	O
receptor	O
5	O
(	O
mGluR5	O
)	O
in	O
the	O
toxic	T-1
action	T-1
of	T-1
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
on	T-0
dopaminergic	T-0
neurones	T-0
in	O
rats	O
.	O

Methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
,	O
administered	T-0
five	O
times	O
,	O
reduced	T-1
the	O
levels	O
of	O
dopamine	O
and	O
its	O
metabolites	O
in	O
striatal	O
tissue	O
when	O
measured	O
72	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
injection	O
.	O

Methamphetamine	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
,	O
administered	O
five	O
times	O
,	O
reduced	O
the	O
levels	T-1
of	T-1
dopamine	B-Chemical
and	T-0
its	T-0
metabolites	T-0
in	O
striatal	O
tissue	O
when	O
measured	O
72	O
h	O
after	O
the	O
last	O
injection	O
.	O

A	O
selective	T-0
antagonist	T-3
of	T-3
mGluR5	T-1
,	O
2	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
6	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
(	I-Chemical
phenylethynyl	I-Chemical
)	I-Chemical
pyridine	I-Chemical
(	O
MPEP	T-2
;	T-2
5	T-2
mg	T-2
/	T-2
kg	T-2
ip	T-2
)	O
,	O
when	O
administered	O
five	O
times	O
immediately	O
before	O
each	O
methamphetamine	O
injection	O
reversed	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
methamphetamine	O
effects	O
.	O

A	O
selective	O
antagonist	T-2
of	T-2
mGluR5	O
,	O
2	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
6	O
-	O
(	O
phenylethynyl	O
)	O
pyridine	T-0
(	O
MPEP	B-Chemical
;	O
5	T-1
mg	T-1
/	T-1
kg	T-1
ip	T-1
)	O
,	O
when	O
administered	O
five	O
times	O
immediately	O
before	O
each	O
methamphetamine	O
injection	O
reversed	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
methamphetamine	O
effects	O
.	O

A	O
selective	O
antagonist	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
2	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
6	O
-	O
(	O
phenylethynyl	O
)	O
pyridine	O
(	O
MPEP	O
;	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
,	O
when	O
administered	O
five	O
times	O
immediately	O
before	T-0
each	T-0
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
injection	O
reversed	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
methamphetamine	O
effects	O
.	O

A	O
selective	O
antagonist	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
2	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
6	O
-	O
(	O
phenylethynyl	O
)	O
pyridine	O
(	O
MPEP	O
;	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
,	O
when	O
administered	T-0
five	O
times	O
immediately	O
before	O
each	O
methamphetamine	O
injection	O
reversed	O
the	O
above	O
-	O
mentioned	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
effects	T-1
.	O

A	O
single	T-0
MPEP	B-Chemical
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
injection	O
reduced	T-1
the	O
basal	O
extracellular	O
dopamine	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
dopamine	O
release	O
stimulated	O
either	O
by	O
methamphetamine	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
intrastriatally	T-2
administered	T-2
veratridine	T-2
(	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
MPEP	O
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
injection	O
reduced	O
the	O
basal	O
extracellular	T-0
dopamine	B-Chemical
level	T-1
in	T-1
the	T-1
striatum	T-1
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
dopamine	O
release	O
stimulated	O
either	O
by	O
methamphetamine	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
intrastriatally	O
administered	O
veratridine	O
(	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
MPEP	O
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
injection	O
reduced	O
the	O
basal	O
extracellular	O
dopamine	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
dopamine	B-Chemical
release	T-0
stimulated	O
either	O
by	O
methamphetamine	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
intrastriatally	O
administered	O
veratridine	O
(	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
MPEP	O
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
injection	O
reduced	O
the	O
basal	O
extracellular	O
dopamine	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
dopamine	O
release	O
stimulated	T-0
either	T-0
by	T-0
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
intrastriatally	O
administered	O
veratridine	O
(	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
single	O
MPEP	O
(	O
5	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
ip	O
)	O
injection	O
reduced	O
the	O
basal	O
extracellular	O
dopamine	O
level	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
dopamine	O
release	O
stimulated	O
either	O
by	O
methamphetamine	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
or	O
by	O
intrastriatally	O
administered	T-0
veratridine	B-Chemical
(	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
it	O
transiently	O
diminished	T-0
the	T-0
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
-	O
induced	O
hyperthermia	O
and	O
reduced	O
basal	O
body	O
temperature	O
.	O

Moreover	O
,	O
it	O
transiently	O
diminished	O
the	O
methamphetamine	O
(	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
sc	O
)	O
-	O
induced	T-1
hyperthermia	B-Disease
and	O
reduced	O
basal	O
body	O
temperature	O
.	O

MPEP	B-Chemical
administered	T-1
into	O
the	O
striatum	O
at	O
high	O
concentrations	T-2
(	O
500	O
microM	O
)	O
increased	T-0
extracellular	T-0
dopamine	T-0
levels	T-0
,	O
while	O
lower	O
concentrations	O
(	O
50	O
-	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
were	O
devoid	O
of	O
any	O
effect	O
.	O

MPEP	O
administered	O
into	O
the	O
striatum	O
at	O
high	O
concentrations	O
(	O
500	O
microM	O
)	O
increased	T-1
extracellular	T-1
dopamine	B-Chemical
levels	T-2
,	O
while	O
lower	T-0
concentrations	T-0
(	O
50	O
-	O
100	O
microM	O
)	O
were	O
devoid	O
of	O
any	O
effect	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
by	T-0
MPEP	B-Chemical
may	O
protect	O
dopaminergic	O
neurones	O
against	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	O
toxicity	O
.	O

The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
suggest	T-0
that	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
by	O
MPEP	O
may	O
protect	O
dopaminergic	O
neurones	O
against	O
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-2
toxicity	T-2
.	T-2

The	O
results	O
of	O
this	O
study	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
mGluR5	O
by	O
MPEP	O
may	O
protect	O
dopaminergic	O
neurones	O
against	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
toxicity	B-Disease
.	O

Neuroprotection	T-2
rendered	T-2
by	T-2
MPEP	B-Chemical
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	T-1
dopamine	T-1
efflux	T-1
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
extrastriatal	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
hyperthermia	O
.	O

Neuroprotection	T-1
rendered	T-1
by	T-1
MPEP	T-1
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
reduction	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
methamphetamine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	O
dopamine	O
efflux	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
extrastriatal	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
hyperthermia	O
.	O

Neuroprotection	O
rendered	O
by	O
MPEP	O
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	T-2
dopamine	B-Chemical
efflux	T-1
in	T-1
the	T-1
striatum	T-1
due	O
to	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
extrastriatal	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	O
in	O
hyperthermia	O
.	O

Neuroprotection	O
rendered	O
by	O
MPEP	O
may	O
be	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
reduction	O
of	O
the	O
methamphetamine	O
-	O
induced	O
dopamine	O
efflux	O
in	O
the	O
striatum	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
blockade	O
of	O
extrastriatal	O
mGluR5	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
decrease	T-0
in	T-0
hyperthermia	B-Disease
.	O

Protective	T-0
efficacy	T-0
of	T-0
neuroactive	T-0
steroids	B-Chemical
against	O
cocaine	T-1
kindled	T-1
-	T-1
seizures	T-1
in	T-1
mice	T-1
.	T-1

Protective	T-1
efficacy	T-1
of	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	O
against	T-2
cocaine	B-Chemical
kindled	T-0
-	T-0
seizures	T-0
in	T-0
mice	T-0
.	O

Protective	O
efficacy	T-0
of	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	O
against	O
cocaine	O
kindled	T-1
-	O
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

Neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
demonstrate	T-0
pharmacological	O
actions	O
that	O
have	O
relevance	O
for	O
a	O
host	O
of	O
neurological	O
and	O
psychiatric	O
disorders	O
.	O

Neuroactive	O
steroids	O
demonstrate	T-0
pharmacological	T-0
actions	T-0
that	O
have	O
relevance	O
for	O
a	O
host	O
of	O
neurological	B-Disease
and	I-Disease
psychiatric	I-Disease
disorders	I-Disease
.	O

They	O
offer	O
protection	T-0
against	T-1
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
models	O
and	O
seem	O
to	O
inhibit	O
certain	O
stages	O
of	O
drug	O
dependence	O
in	O
preclinical	O
assessments	O
.	O

They	O
offer	O
protection	O
against	O
seizures	O
in	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
models	O
and	O
seem	O
to	O
inhibit	T-1
certain	O
stages	T-0
of	T-0
drug	B-Disease
dependence	I-Disease
in	O
preclinical	O
assessments	O
.	T-1

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
two	O
endogenous	O
and	O
one	O
synthetic	T-1
neuroactive	T-1
steroid	B-Chemical
that	O
positively	T-2
modulate	T-2
the	O
gamma	O
-	O
aminobutyric	O
acid	O
(	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
)	O
receptor	O
against	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	O
engendered	O
by	O
repeated	O
cocaine	O
administration	O
(	O
seizure	O
kindling	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
two	O
endogenous	O
and	O
one	O
synthetic	O
neuroactive	O
steroid	O
that	O
positively	O
modulate	T-1
the	T-1
gamma	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
aminobutyric	I-Chemical
acid	I-Chemical
(	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
)	O
receptor	T-0
against	T-0
the	T-0
increase	T-0
in	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	O
engendered	O
by	O
repeated	O
cocaine	O
administration	O
(	O
seizure	O
kindling	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	T-0
to	T-0
evaluate	T-0
two	O
endogenous	O
and	O
one	O
synthetic	O
neuroactive	O
steroid	O
that	O
positively	T-1
modulate	T-1
the	O
gamma	O
-	O
aminobutyric	O
acid	O
(	O
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
)	O
receptor	O
against	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	O
engendered	O
by	O
repeated	O
cocaine	O
administration	O
(	O
seizure	O
kindling	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
two	O
endogenous	O
and	O
one	O
synthetic	O
neuroactive	O
steroid	O
that	O
positively	O
modulate	O
the	O
gamma	O
-	O
aminobutyric	O
acid	O
(	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
)	O
receptor	O
against	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
cocaine	B-Chemical
engendered	T-1
by	O
repeated	O
cocaine	O
administration	O
(	O
seizure	O
kindling	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
two	O
endogenous	O
and	O
one	O
synthetic	T-2
neuroactive	T-2
steroid	T-2
that	O
positively	O
modulate	O
the	O
gamma	O
-	O
aminobutyric	O
acid	O
(	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
)	O
receptor	O
against	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	T-3
of	T-3
cocaine	T-0
engendered	T-1
by	T-1
repeated	T-1
cocaine	B-Chemical
administration	O
(	O
seizure	O
kindling	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
present	O
study	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
evaluate	O
two	O
endogenous	O
and	O
one	O
synthetic	O
neuroactive	O
steroid	O
that	O
positively	O
modulate	O
the	O
gamma	O
-	O
aminobutyric	O
acid	O
(	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
)	O
receptor	O
against	O
the	O
increase	O
in	O
sensitivity	O
to	O
the	O
convulsant	O
effects	O
of	O
cocaine	O
engendered	O
by	O
repeated	O
cocaine	O
administration	T-1
(	O
seizure	B-Disease
kindling	T-0
)	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5beta	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3beta	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
their	O
ability	T-0
to	T-0
suppress	T-0
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	O
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	T-0
(	O
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	T-1
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5beta	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3beta	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
were	T-2
tested	T-2
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	O
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	B-Chemical
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5beta	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3beta	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
were	O
tested	T-0
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	O
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	T-1
(	O
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
and	T-2
ganaxolone	T-2
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3beta	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	O
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5beta	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3beta	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
were	T-1
tested	T-1
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	T-0
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	O
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5beta	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	T-2
of	T-2
allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3beta	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
were	T-3
tested	T-3
for	O
their	O
ability	T-0
to	T-0
suppress	T-0
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	O
-	O
kindled	T-1
seizures	T-1
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5beta	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	T-0
of	T-0
allopregnanolone	T-1
3alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
hydroxy	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
3beta	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyl	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
5alpha	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
pregnan	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
20	I-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
one	I-Chemical
)	O
were	T-2
tested	T-2
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	O
-	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5beta	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3beta	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
were	O
tested	O
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	O
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
-	O
kindled	T-0
seizures	T-0
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
,	O
pregnanolone	O
(	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
5beta	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
(	O
a	O
synthetic	O
derivative	O
of	O
allopregnanolone	O
3alpha	O
-	O
hydroxy	O
-	O
3beta	O
-	O
methyl	O
-	O
5alpha	O
-	O
pregnan	O
-	O
20	O
-	O
one	O
)	O
were	O
tested	T-1
for	O
their	O
ability	O
to	O
suppress	T-2
the	O
expression	O
(	O
anticonvulsant	O
effect	O
)	O
and	O
development	O
(	O
antiepileptogenic	O
effect	O
)	O
of	O
cocaine	T-0
-	T-0
kindled	T-0
seizures	B-Disease
in	O
male	O
,	O
Swiss	O
-	O
Webster	O
mice	O
.	O

Kindled	T-1
seizures	B-Disease
were	T-1
induced	T-1
by	O
daily	O
administration	O
of	O
60	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
cocaine	O
for	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

Kindled	O
seizures	O
were	O
induced	O
by	O
daily	O
administration	T-0
of	T-0
60	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
cocaine	B-Chemical
for	O
5	O
days	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
these	O
positive	T-0
GABA	B-Chemical
(	O
A	O
)	O
modulators	T-1
suppressed	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
,	O
whereas	O
only	O
allopregnanolone	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
inhibited	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
kindling	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
these	O
positive	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
modulators	O
suppressed	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
kindled	T-0
seizures	B-Disease
,	O
whereas	O
only	O
allopregnanolone	O
and	O
ganaxolone	O
inhibited	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
kindling	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
these	O
positive	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
modulators	O
suppressed	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
,	O
whereas	O
only	O
allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
and	O
ganaxolone	O
inhibited	T-0
the	O
development	O
of	O
kindling	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
these	O
positive	O
GABA	O
(	O
A	O
)	O
modulators	O
suppressed	O
the	O
expression	O
of	O
kindled	O
seizures	O
,	O
whereas	O
only	O
allopregnanolone	O
and	O
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
inhibited	T-1
the	T-1
development	T-1
of	T-1
kindling	T-1
.	O

Allopregnanolone	B-Chemical
and	O
pregnanolone	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
ganaxolone	O
,	O
also	O
reduced	T-0
cumulative	O
lethality	O
associated	T-1
with	O
kindling	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	T-3
and	T-3
pregnanolone	B-Chemical
,	O
but	T-4
not	T-4
ganaxolone	T-4
,	O
also	O
reduced	T-0
cumulative	T-0
lethality	T-0
associated	O
with	O
kindling	O
.	O

Allopregnanolone	O
and	O
pregnanolone	O
,	O
but	O
not	T-1
ganaxolone	B-Chemical
,	O
also	T-0
reduced	T-0
cumulative	O
lethality	O
associated	O
with	O
kindling	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
some	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	B-Chemical
attenuate	O
convulsant	O
and	O
sensitizing	O
properties	O
of	O
cocaine	O
and	O
add	O
to	O
a	O
growing	O
literature	O
on	O
their	O
potential	O
use	T-0
in	O
the	O
modulation	O
of	O
effects	O
of	O
drugs	T-1
of	O
abuse	O
.	O

These	O
findings	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
some	O
neuroactive	O
steroids	O
attenuate	O
convulsant	O
and	O
sensitizing	O
properties	T-0
of	T-0
cocaine	B-Chemical
and	O
add	O
to	O
a	O
growing	O
literature	O
on	O
their	O
potential	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
modulation	O
of	O
effects	O
of	O
drugs	O
of	O
abuse	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
humoral	T-0
modulators	T-2
of	T-2
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-3
increase	T-3
in	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
of	O
mice	O
.	O

Effect	O
of	O
humoral	O
modulators	O
of	O
morphine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
of	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
humoral	O
modulators	O
on	O
the	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
increase	O
in	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
of	O
mice	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

The	O
effect	O
of	O
humoral	O
modulators	O
on	O
the	O
morphine	O
-	O
induced	T-0
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
of	O
mice	O
was	O
studied	O
.	O

The	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	T-1
of	T-1
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
HC1	O
produced	T-2
a	O
marked	O
increase	O
in	O
locomotor	O
activity	O
in	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
subcutaneous	O
administration	O
of	O
10	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
of	O
morphine	O
-	O
HC1	O
produced	T-1
a	T-0
marked	T-2
increase	B-Disease
in	I-Disease
locomotor	I-Disease
activity	I-Disease
in	O
mice	O
.	O

The	O
morphine	B-Chemical
-	O
induced	T-0
hyperactivity	O
was	O
potentiated	O
by	O
scopolamine	O
and	O
attenuated	O
by	O
physostigmine	O
.	O

The	O
morphine	T-0
-	T-0
induced	T-0
hyperactivity	B-Disease
was	T-1
potentiated	T-1
by	O
scopolamine	O
and	O
attenuated	O
by	O
physostigmine	O
.	O

The	O
morphine	O
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	O
was	O
potentiated	T-1
by	T-1
scopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
attenuated	T-0
by	T-0
physostigmine	O
.	O

The	O
morphine	O
-	O
induced	O
hyperactivity	O
was	O
potentiated	O
by	O
scopolamine	O
and	O
attenuated	T-0
by	T-0
physostigmine	B-Chemical
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
both	T-0
methscopolamine	B-Chemical
and	O
neostigmine	O
,	O
which	T-1
do	T-1
not	T-1
penetrate	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
had	T-2
no	T-2
effect	T-2
on	O
the	O
hyperactivity	O
produced	O
by	O
morphine	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
both	O
methscopolamine	T-1
and	T-1
neostigmine	B-Chemical
,	O
which	O
do	O
not	O
penetrate	T-2
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
had	T-0
no	T-0
effect	T-3
on	T-3
the	O
hyperactivity	O
produced	O
by	O
morphine	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
both	O
methscopolamine	O
and	O
neostigmine	O
,	O
which	O
do	O
not	O
penetrate	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
hyperactivity	B-Disease
produced	T-0
by	O
morphine	O
.	O

In	O
contrast	O
,	O
both	O
methscopolamine	O
and	O
neostigmine	O
,	O
which	O
do	O
not	O
penetrate	O
the	O
blood	O
-	O
brain	O
barrier	O
,	O
had	O
no	O
effect	O
on	O
the	O
hyperactivity	O
produced	T-1
by	T-1
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

Pretreatment	T-1
of	O
mice	T-0
with	T-0
alpha	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
methyltyrosine	I-Chemical
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
one	O
hour	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	T-2
of	T-2
tyrosine	T-2
hydroxylase	T-2
,	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
activity	O
-	O
increasing	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	O
.	O

Pretreatment	T-0
of	O
mice	O
with	O
alpha	O
-	O
methyltyrosine	O
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
one	O
hour	O
)	O
,	O
an	T-1
inhibitor	T-3
of	T-3
tyrosine	B-Chemical
hydroxylase	O
,	O
significantly	T-2
decreased	T-2
the	T-2
activity	T-2
-	O
increasing	O
effects	O
of	O
morphine	O
.	O

Pretreatment	O
of	O
mice	O
with	O
alpha	O
-	O
methyltyrosine	O
(	O
20	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
one	O
hour	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
inhibitor	O
of	O
tyrosine	O
hydroxylase	O
,	O
significantly	O
decreased	O
the	O
activity	O
-	O
increasing	O
effects	T-0
of	T-0
morphine	B-Chemical
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
pretreatment	T-0
with	O
p	B-Chemical
-	I-Chemical
chlorophenylalamine	I-Chemical
(	O
3	O
X	O
320	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
24	O
hr	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	O
depletor	O
,	O
caused	T-1
no	O
significant	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
hyperactivity	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
pretreatment	T-0
with	T-0
p	O
-	O
chlorophenylalamine	O
(	O
3	O
X	O
320	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
24	O
hr	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	B-Chemical
depletor	O
,	O
caused	T-1
no	O
significant	O
change	O
in	O
the	O
hyperactivity	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
pretreatment	O
with	O
p	O
-	O
chlorophenylalamine	O
(	O
3	O
X	O
320	O
mg	O
/	O
kg	O
i	O
.	O
p	O
.	O
,	O
24	O
hr	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
serotonin	O
depletor	O
,	O
caused	T-1
no	T-0
significant	T-0
change	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
hyperactivity	B-Disease
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/CONLL/dev.txt
================================================
CRICKET O
- O
LEICESTERSHIRE B-ORG
TAKE O
OVER O
AT O
TOP O
AFTER O
INNINGS O
VICTORY O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

West B-MISC
Indian I-MISC
all-rounder O
Phil B-PER
Simmons I-PER
took O
four O
for O
38 O
on O
Friday O
as O
Leicestershire B-ORG
beat O
Somerset B-ORG
by O
an O
innings O
and O
39 O
runs O
in O
two O
days O
to O
take O
over O
at O
the O
head O
of O
the O
county O
championship O
. O

Their O
stay O
on O
top O
, O
though O
, O
may O
be O
short-lived O
as O
title O
rivals O
Essex B-ORG
, O
Derbyshire B-ORG
and O
Surrey B-ORG
all O
closed O
in O
on O
victory O
while O
Kent B-ORG
made O
up O
for O
lost O
time O
in O
their O
rain-affected O
match O
against O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
. O

After O
bowling O
Somerset B-ORG
out O
for O
83 O
on O
the O
opening O
morning O
at O
Grace B-LOC
Road I-LOC
, O
Leicestershire B-ORG
extended O
their O
first O
innings O
by O
94 O
runs O
before O
being O
bowled O
out O
for O
296 O
with O
England B-LOC
discard O
Andy B-PER
Caddick I-PER
taking O
three O
for O
83 O
. O

Trailing O
by O
213 O
, O
Somerset B-ORG
got O
a O
solid O
start O
to O
their O
second O
innings O
before O
Simmons B-PER
stepped O
in O
to O
bundle O
them O
out O
for O
174 O
. O

Essex B-ORG
, O
however O
, O
look O
certain O
to O
regain O
their O
top O
spot O
after O
Nasser B-PER
Hussain I-PER
and O
Peter B-PER
Such I-PER
gave O
them O
a O
firm O
grip O
on O
their O
match O
against O
Yorkshire B-ORG
at O
Headingley B-LOC
. O

Hussain B-PER
, O
considered O
surplus O
to O
England B-LOC
's O
one-day O
requirements O
, O
struck O
158 O
, O
his O
first O
championship O
century O
of O
the O
season O
, O
as O
Essex B-ORG
reached O
372 O
and O
took O
a O
first O
innings O
lead O
of O
82 O
. O

By O
the O
close O
Yorkshire B-ORG
had O
turned O
that O
into O
a O
37-run O
advantage O
but O
off-spinner O
Such B-PER
had O
scuttled O
their O
hopes O
, O
taking O
four O
for O
24 O
in O
48 O
balls O
and O
leaving O
them O
hanging O
on O
119 O
for O
five O
and O
praying O
for O
rain O
. O

At O
the O
Oval B-LOC
, O
Surrey B-ORG
captain O
Chris B-PER
Lewis I-PER
, O
another O
man O
dumped O
by O
England B-LOC
, O
continued O
to O
silence O
his O
critics O
as O
he O
followed O
his O
four O
for O
45 O
on O
Thursday O
with O
80 O
not O
out O
on O
Friday O
in O
the O
match O
against O
Warwickshire B-ORG
. O

He O
was O
well O
backed O
by O
England B-LOC
hopeful O
Mark B-PER
Butcher I-PER
who O
made O
70 O
as O
Surrey B-ORG
closed O
on O
429 O
for O
seven O
, O
a O
lead O
of O
234 O
. O

Derbyshire B-ORG
kept O
up O
the O
hunt O
for O
their O
first O
championship O
title O
since O
1936 O
by O
reducing O
Worcestershire B-ORG
to O
133 O
for O
five O
in O
their O
second O
innings O
, O
still O
100 O
runs O
away O
from O
avoiding O
an O
innings O
defeat O
. O

Australian B-MISC
Tom B-PER
Moody I-PER
took O
six O
for O
82 O
but O
Chris B-PER
Adams I-PER
, O
123 O
, O
and O
Tim B-PER
O'Gorman I-PER
, O
109 O
, O
took O
Derbyshire B-ORG
to O
471 O
and O
a O
first O
innings O
lead O
of O
233 O
. O

After O
the O
frustration O
of O
seeing O
the O
opening O
day O
of O
their O
match O
badly O
affected O
by O
the O
weather O
, O
Kent B-ORG
stepped O
up O
a O
gear O
to O
dismiss O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
for O
214 O
. O

They O
were O
held O
up O
by O
a O
gritty O
84 O
from O
Paul B-PER
Johnson I-PER
but O
ex-England B-MISC
fast O
bowler O
Martin B-PER
McCague I-PER
took O
four O
for O
55 O
. O

By O
stumps O
Kent B-ORG
had O
reached O
108 O
for O
three O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
SCORES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Result O
and O
close O
of O
play O
scores O
in O
English B-MISC
county O
championship O
matches O
on O
Friday O
: O

Leicester B-LOC
: O
Leicestershire B-ORG
beat O
Somerset B-ORG
by O
an O
innings O
and O
39 O
runs O
. O

Somerset B-ORG
83 O
and O
174 O
( O
P. B-PER
Simmons I-PER
4-38 O
) O
, O
Leicestershire B-ORG
296 O
. O

Leicestershire B-ORG
22 O
points O
, O
Somerset B-ORG
4 O
. O

Chester-le-Street B-LOC
: O
Glamorgan B-ORG
259 O
and O
207 O
( O
A. B-PER
Dale I-PER
69 O
, O
H. B-PER
Morris I-PER
69 O
; O
D. B-PER
Blenkiron I-PER
4-43 O
) O
, O
Durham B-ORG
114 O
( O
S. B-PER
Watkin I-PER
4-28 O
) O
and O
81-3 O
. O

Tunbridge B-LOC
Wells I-LOC
: O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
214 O
( O
P. B-PER
Johnson I-PER
84 O
; O
M. B-PER
McCague I-PER
4-55 O
) O
, O
Kent B-ORG
108-3 O
. O

London B-LOC
( O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
) O
: O
Warwickshire B-ORG
195 O
, O
Surrey B-ORG
429-7 O
( O
C. B-PER
Lewis I-PER
80 O
not O
out O
, O
M. B-PER
Butcher I-PER
70 O
, O
G. B-PER
Kersey I-PER
63 O
, O
J. B-PER
Ratcliffe I-PER
63 O
, O
D. B-PER
Bicknell I-PER
55 O
) O
. O

Hove B-LOC
: O
Sussex B-ORG
363 O
( O
W. B-PER
Athey I-PER
111 O
, O
V. B-PER
Drakes I-PER
52 O
; O
I. B-PER
Austin I-PER
4-37 O
) O
, O
Lancashire B-ORG
197-8 O
( O
W. B-PER
Hegg I-PER
54 O
) O

Portsmouth B-LOC
: O
Middlesex B-ORG
199 O
and O
426 O
( O
J. B-PER
Pooley I-PER
111 O
, O
M. B-PER
Ramprakash I-PER
108 O
, O
M. B-PER
Gatting I-PER
83 O
) O
, O
Hampshire B-ORG
232 O
and O
109-5 O
. O

Chesterfield B-LOC
: O
Worcestershire B-ORG
238 O
and O
133-5 O
, O
Derbyshire B-ORG
471 O
( O
J. B-PER
Adams I-PER
123 O
, O
T.O'Gorman B-PER
109 O
not O
out O
, O
K. B-PER
Barnett I-PER
87 O
; O
T. B-PER
Moody I-PER
6-82 O
) O

Bristol B-LOC
: O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
183 O
and O
185-6 O
( O
J. B-PER
Russell I-PER
56 O
not O
out O
) O
, O
Northamptonshire B-ORG
190 O
( O
K. B-PER
Curran I-PER
52 O
; O
A. B-PER
Smith I-PER
5-68 O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
1997 O
ASHES B-MISC
INTINERARY O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Australia B-LOC
will O
defend O
the O
Ashes B-MISC
in O

a O
six-test O
series O
against O
England B-LOC
during O
a O
four-month O
tour O

starting O
on O
May O
13 O
next O
year O
, O
the O
Test B-ORG
and I-ORG
County I-ORG
Cricket I-ORG
Board I-ORG

said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Australia B-LOC
will O
also O
play O
three O
one-day O
internationals O
and O

four O
one-day O
warm-up O
matches O
at O
the O
start O
of O
the O
tour O
. O

The O
tourists O
will O
play O
nine O
first-class O
matches O
against O

English B-MISC
county O
sides O
and O
another O
against O
British B-ORG
Universities I-ORG
, O

as O
well O
as O
one-day O
matches O
against O
the O
Minor B-ORG
Counties I-ORG
and O

Scotland B-LOC
. O

Tour O
itinerary O
: O

May O

May O
13 O
Arrive O
in O
London B-LOC

May O
14 O
Practice O
at O
Lord B-LOC
's I-LOC

May O
15 O
v O
Duke B-ORG
of I-ORG
Norfolk I-ORG
's I-ORG
XI I-ORG
( O
at O
Arundel B-LOC
) O

May O
17 O
v O
Northampton B-ORG

May O
18 O
v O
Worcestershire B-ORG

May O
20 O
v O
Durham B-ORG

May O
22 O
First O
one-day O
international O
( O
at O
Headingley B-LOC
, O

Leeds B-ORG
) O

May O
24 O
Second O
one-day O
international O
( O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
, O

London B-LOC
) O

May O
25 O
Third O
one-day O
international O
( O
at O
Lord B-LOC
's I-LOC
, O
London B-LOC
) O

May O
27-29 O
v O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
or O
Sussex B-ORG
or O
Surrey B-ORG
( O
three O

days O
) O

May O
31 O
- O
June O
2 O
v O
Derbyshire B-ORG
( O
three O
days O
) O

June O

June O
5-9 O
First O
test O
match O
( O
at O
Edgbaston B-LOC
, O
Birmingham B-LOC
) O

June O
11-13 O
v O
a O
first O
class O
county O
( O
to O
be O
confirmed O
) O

June O
14-16 O
v O
Leicestershire B-ORG
( O
three O
days O
) O

June O
19-23 O
Second O
test O
( O
at O
Lord B-LOC
's I-LOC
) O

June O
25-27 O
v O
British B-ORG
Universities I-ORG
( O
at O
Oxford B-LOC
, O
three O
days O
) O

June O
28-30 O
v O
Hampshire B-ORG
( O
three O
days O
) O

July O

July O
3-7 O
Third O
test O
( O
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
, O
Manchester B-LOC
) O

July O
9 O
v O
Minor B-ORG
Counties I-ORG
XI I-ORG

July O
12 O
v O
Scotland B-LOC

July O
16-18 O
v O
Glamorgan B-ORG
( O
three O
days O
) O

July O
19-21 O
v O
Middlesex B-ORG
( O
three O
days O
) O

July O
24-28 O
Fourth O
test O
( O
at O
Headingley B-LOC
) O

August O

August O
1-4 O
v O
Somerset B-ORG
( O
four O
days O
) O

August O
7-11 O
Fifth O
test O
( O
at O
Trent B-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
, O
Nottingham B-LOC
) O

August O
16-18 O
v O
Kent B-ORG
( O
three O
days O
) O

August O
21-25 O
Sixth O
test O
( O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
, O
London B-LOC
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SHEARER B-PER
NAMED O
AS O
ENGLAND B-LOC
CAPTAIN O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
world O
's O
costliest O
footballer O
Alan B-PER
Shearer I-PER
was O
named O
as O
the O
new O
England B-LOC
captain O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
26-year-old O
, O
who O
joined O
Newcastle B-ORG
for O
15 O
million O
pounds O
sterling O
( O
$ O
23.4 O
million O
) O
, O
takes O
over O
from O
Tony B-PER
Adams I-PER
, O
who O
led O
the O
side O
during O
the O
European B-MISC
championship O
in O
June O
, O
and O
former O
captain O
David B-PER
Platt I-PER
. O

Adams B-PER
and O
Platt B-PER
are O
both O
injured O
and O
will O
miss O
England B-LOC
's O
opening O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
against O
Moldova B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
. O

Shearer B-PER
takes O
the O
captaincy O
on O
a O
trial O
basis O
, O
but O
new O
coach O
Glenn B-PER
Hoddle I-PER
said O
he O
saw O
no O
reason O
why O
the O
former O
Blackburn B-ORG
and O
Southampton B-ORG
skipper O
should O
not O
make O
the O
post O
his O
own O
. O

" O
I O
'm O
sure O
there O
wo O
n't O
be O
a O
problem O
, O
I O
'm O
sure O
Alan B-PER
is O
the O
man O
for O
the O
job O
, O
" O
Hoddle B-PER
said O
. O

" O
There O
were O
three O
or O
four O
people O
who O
could O
have O
done O
it O
but O
when O
I O
spoke O
to O
Alan B-PER
he O
was O
up O
for O
it O
and O
really O
wanted O
it O
. O

" O
In O
four O
days O
it O
's O
very O
difficult O
to O
come O
to O
a O
100 O
percent O
conclusion O
about O
something O
like O
this O
... O

but O
he O
knows O
how O
to O
conduct O
himself O
, O
his O
team O
mates O
respect O
him O
and O
he O
knows O
about O
the O
team O
situation O
even O
though O
he O
plays O
up O
front O
. O
" O

Shearer B-PER
's O
Euro B-MISC
96 I-MISC
striking O
partner O
Teddy B-PER
Sheringham I-PER
withdrew O
from O
the O
squad O
with O
an O
injury O
on O
Friday O
. O

He O
will O
probably O
be O
replaced O
by O
Shearer B-PER
's O
Newcastle B-ORG
team O
mate O
Les B-PER
Ferdinand I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
INTERNATIONAL O
TOURNAMENT O
RESULT O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Result O
in O
an O
international O

basketball O
tournament O
on O
Friday O
: O

Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
( O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Dinamo B-ORG
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
92-90 O
( O
halftime O

47-47 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ROMANIA B-LOC
BEAT O
LITHUANIA B-LOC
IN O
UNDER-21 O
MATCH O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Romania B-LOC
beat O
Lithuania B-LOC
2-1 O
( O
halftime O
1-1 O
) O
in O
their O
European B-MISC
under-21 O
soccer O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Romania B-LOC
- O
Cosmin B-PER
Contra I-PER
( O
31st O
) O
, O
Mihai B-PER
Tararache I-PER
( O
75th O
) O

Lithuania B-LOC
- O
Danius B-PER
Gleveckas I-PER
( O
13rd O
) O

Attendance O
: O
200 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ROTOR B-ORG
FANS O
LOCKED O
OUT O
AFTER O
VOLGOGRAD B-LOC
VIOLENCE O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Rotor B-ORG
Volgograd I-ORG
must O
play O
their O
next O
home O
game O
behind O
closed O
doors O
after O
fans O
hurled O
bottles O
and O
stones O
at O
Dynamo B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
players O
during O
a O
1-0 O
home O
defeat O
on O
Saturday O
that O
ended O
Rotor B-ORG
's O
brief O
spell O
as O
league O
leaders O
. O

The O
head O
of O
the O
Russian B-MISC
league O
's O
disciplinary O
committee O
, O
Anatoly B-PER
Gorokhovsky I-PER
, O
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
Rotor B-ORG
would O
play O
Lada B-ORG
Togliatti I-ORG
to O
empty O
stands O
on O
September O
3 O
. O

The O
club O
, O
who O
put O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
out O
of O
last O
year O
's O
UEFA B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
were O
fined O
$ O
1,000 O
. O

Despite O
the O
defeat O
, O
Rotor B-ORG
are O
well O
placed O
with O
11 O
games O
to O
play O
in O
the O
championship O
. O

Lying O
three O
points O
behind O
Alania B-ORG
and O
two O
behind O
Dynamo B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
, O
the O
Volgograd B-LOC
side O
have O
a O
game O
in O
hand O
over O
the O
leaders O
and O
two O
over O
the O
Moscow B-LOC
club O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BOXING O
- O
PANAMA B-LOC
'S O
ROBERTO B-PER
DURAN I-PER
FIGHTS O
THE O
SANDS O
OF O
TIME O
. O

PANAMA B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Panamanian B-MISC
boxing O
legend O
Roberto B-PER
" I-PER
Hands I-PER
of I-PER
Stone I-PER
" I-PER
Duran I-PER
climbs O
into O
the O
ring O
on O
Saturday O
in O
another O
age-defying O
attempt O
to O
sustain O
his O
long O
career O
. O

Duran B-PER
, O
45 O
, O
takes O
on O
little-known O
Mexican B-MISC
Ariel B-PER
Cruz I-PER
, O
30 O
, O
in O
a O
super O
middleweight O
non-title O
bout O
in O
Panama B-LOC
City I-LOC
. O

The O
fight O
, O
Duran B-PER
's O
first O
on O
home O
soil O
for O
10 O
years O
, O
is O
being O
billed O
here O
as O
the O
" O
Return B-MISC
of I-MISC
the I-MISC
Legend I-MISC
" O
and O
Duran B-PER
still O
talks O
as O
if O
he O
was O
in O
his O
prime O
. O

" O
I O
want O
a O
fifth O
title O
. O

This O
match O
is O
to O
prepare O
me O
. O

I O
feel O
good O
. O

I O
'm O
not O
retiring O
, O
" O
Duran B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

But O
those O
close O
to O
the O
boxer O
acknowledge O
that O
the O
man O
who O
has O
won O
championships O
in O
four O
different O
weight O
classes O
-- O
lightweight O
, O
welterweight O
, O
junior O
middleweight O
and O
middleweight O
-- O
is O
drawing O
close O
to O
the O
end O
of O
his O
career O
. O

" O
Each O
time O
he O
fights O
, O
he O
's O
on O
the O
last O
frontier O
of O
his O
career O
. O

If O
he O
loses O
Saturday O
, O
it O
could O
devalue O
his O
position O
as O
one O
of O
the O
world O
's O
great O
boxers O
, O
" O
Panamanian B-MISC
Boxing B-ORG
Association I-ORG
President O
Ramon B-PER
Manzanares I-PER
said O
. O

Duran B-PER
, O
whose O
97-12 O
record O
spans O
three O
decades O
, O
hopes O
a O
win O
in O
the O
10-round O
bout O
will O
earn O
him O
a O
rematch O
against O
Puerto B-LOC
Rico I-LOC
's O
Hector B-PER
" I-PER
Macho I-PER
" I-PER
Camacho I-PER
. O

Camacho B-PER
took O
a O
controversial O
points O
decision O
against O
the O
Panamanian B-MISC
in O
Atlantic B-LOC
City I-LOC
in O
June O
in O
a O
title O
fight O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SQUASH O
- O
HONG B-MISC
KONG I-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
QUARTER-FINAL O
RESULTS O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Quarter-final O
results O
in O
the O
Hong B-MISC
Kong I-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Friday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O
1 O
- O
Jansher B-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mark B-PER
Cairns I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
15-10 O
15-6 O
15-7 O

Anthony B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Dan B-PER
Jenson I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
15-9 O
15-8 O
15-17 O
17-15 O

4 O
- O
Peter B-PER
Nicol I-PER
( O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
beat O
7 O
- O
Chris B-PER
Walker I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
15-8 O
15-13 O
13-15 O
15-9 O

2 O
- O
Rodney B-PER
Eyles I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Derek B-PER
Ryan I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
15-6 O
15-9 O
11-15 O
15-10 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
SOUTH B-MISC
KOREAN I-MISC
PRO-SOCCER O
GAMES O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
pro-soccer O

games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Pohang B-ORG
3 O
Ulsan B-ORG
2 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O

Puchon B-ORG
2 O
Chonbuk B-ORG
1 O
( O
halftime O
1-1 O
) O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
- O

won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

W O
D O
L O
G O
/ O
F O
G O
/ O
A O
P O

Puchon B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
6 O
1 O
10 O

Chonan B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
13 O
10 O
9 O

Pohang B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
11 O
10 O
7 O

Suwan B-ORG
1 O
3 O
0 O
7 O
3 O
6 O

Ulsan B-ORG
1 O
0 O
2 O
8 O
9 O
3 O

Anyang B-ORG
0 O
3 O
1 O
6 O
9 O
3 O

Chonnam B-ORG
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
2 O

Pusan B-ORG
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
7 O
2 O

Chonbuk B-ORG
0 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
7 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
S. B-MISC
KOREAN I-MISC
PROFESSIONAL O
GAMES O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC

professional O
baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
. O

LG B-ORG
2 O
OB B-ORG
0 O

Lotte B-ORG
6 O
Hyundai B-ORG
2 O

Hyundai B-ORG
6 O
Lotte B-ORG
5 O

Haitai B-ORG
2 O
Samsung B-ORG
0 O

Samsung B-ORG
10 O
Haitai B-ORG
3 O

Hanwha B-ORG
6 O
Ssangbangwool B-ORG
5 O

Note O
- O
Lotte B-ORG
and O
Hyundai B-ORG
, O
Haitai B-ORG
and O
Samsung B-ORG
played O
two O
games O
. O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
( O
tabulate O
under O

won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
, O
games O
behind O
first O
place O
) O

W O
D O
L O
PCT O
GB O

Haitai B-ORG
64 O
2 O
43 O
.596 O
- O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
59 O
2 O
49 O
.545 O
5 O
1/2 O

Hanwha B-ORG
58 O
1 O
49 O
.542 O
6 O

Hyundai B-ORG
57 O
5 O
49 O
.536 O
6 O
1/2 O

Samsung B-ORG
49 O
5 O
56 O
.468 O
14 O

Lotte B-ORG
46 O
6 O
54 O
.462 O
14 O
1/2 O

LG B-ORG
46 O
5 O
59 O
.441 O
17 O

OB B-ORG
42 O
6 O
62 O
.409 O
20 O
1/2 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
FRIDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
FROM O
THE O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Results O
from O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
Tennis I-MISC
Championships I-MISC
at O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
on O
Friday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
third O
round O

Sandrine B-PER
Testud I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ines B-PER
Gorrochategui I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
4-6 O
6-2 O
6-1 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

4 O
- O
Goran B-PER
Ivanisevic I-PER
( O
Croatia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Scott B-PER
Draper I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-7 O
( O
1-7 O
) O
6-3 O
6-4 O
6-4 O

Tim B-PER
Henman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Doug B-PER
Flach I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Andrei B-PER
Olhovskiy I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
6 O
- O
3 O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Sjeng B-PER
Schalken I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
David B-PER
Rikl I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
6 O
- O
2 O
6-4 O
6-4 O

Guy B-PER
Forget I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
17 O
- O
Felix B-PER
Mantilla I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
7-5 O
6-3 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

Alexander B-PER
Volkov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mikael B-PER
Tillstrom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
1-6 O
6- O
4 O
6-1 O
4-6 O
7-6 O
( O
10-8 O
) O

Jonas B-PER
Bjorkman I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
David B-PER
Nainkin I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
) O
6-4 O
6-1 O
6-1 O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
third O
round O

8 O
- O
Lindsay B-PER
Davenport I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Anne-Gaelle B-PER
Sidot I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-0 O
6-3 O

4 O
- O
Conchita B-PER
Martinez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Helena B-PER
Sukova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-3 O

Amanda B-PER
Coetzer I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
Irina B-PER
Spirlea I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O
7-5 O

Add O
Men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O
16 O
- O
Cedric B-PER
Pioline I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Roberto B-PER
Carretero I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
4-6 O
6 O
- O
2 O
6-2 O
6-1 O
Alex B-PER
Corretja I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Filippo B-PER
Veglio I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
6-7 O
( O
4- O
7 O
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O
6-0 O

Add O
Women O
's O
singles O
, O
third O
round O
Linda B-PER
Wild I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Barbara B-PER
Rittner I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
4-6 O
7-5 O
Asa B-PER
Carlsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
15 O
- O
Gabriela B-PER
Sabatini I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
3-6 O
6-2 O

Add O
Men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O
1 O
- O
Pete B-PER
Sampras I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jiri B-PER
Novak I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
6-3 O
1-6 O
6-3 O
4-6 O
6-4 O
Paul B-PER
Haarhuis I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
Michael B-PER
Tebbutt I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
1- O
6 O
6-2 O
6-2 O
6-3 O

Add O
Women O
's O
singles O
, O
third O
round O
Lisa B-PER
Raymond I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kimberly B-PER
Po I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O

: O

Add O
men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

Hendrik B-PER
Dreekmann I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Thomas B-PER
Johansson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O
6-2 O
4-6 O
6-1 O

Andrei B-PER
Medvedev I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jan B-PER
Kroslak I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-3 O

6-2 O

Petr B-PER
Korda I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
bat O
Bohdan B-PER
Ulihrach I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC

Republic B-LOC
) O
6-0 O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O
6-2 O

Add O
women O
's O
singles O
, O
third O
round O

2 O
- O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Dally B-PER
Randriantefy I-PER
( O
Madagascar B-LOC
) O

6-0 O
6-2 O

: O

Add O
men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O
12 O
- O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Andrea B-PER
Gaudenzi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O
6-2 O
Stefan B-PER
Edberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Bernd B-PER
Karbacher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
3-6 O
6-3 O
6-3 O
1-0 O
retired O
( O
leg O
injury O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
THURSDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
74 O
59 O
.556 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
70 O
63 O
.526 O
4 O

BOSTON B-ORG
69 O
65 O
.515 O
5 O
1/2 O

TORONTO B-ORG
63 O
71 O
.470 O
11 O
1/2 O

DETROIT B-ORG
48 O
86 O
.358 O
26 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
80 O
53 O
.602 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
71 O
64 O
.526 O
10 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
67 O
67 O
.500 O
13 O
1/2 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
64 O
71 O
.474 O
17 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
61 O
74 O
.452 O
20 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
75 O
58 O
.564 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
70 O
63 O
.526 O
5 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
64 O
72 O
.471 O
12 O
1/2 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
62 O
72 O
.463 O
13 O
1/2 O

FRIDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
30 O
SCHEDULE O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
AT O
DETROIT B-LOC

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
TORONTO B-LOC

MINNESOTA B-ORG
AT O
MILWAUKEE B-LOC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
AT O
TEXAS B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
CALIFORNIA B-LOC

BOSTON B-ORG
AT O
OAKLAND B-LOC

BALTIMORE B-ORG
AT O
SEATTLE B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
83 O
49 O
.629 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
71 O
61 O
.538 O
12 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
64 O
70 O
.478 O
20 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
75 O
.440 O
25 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
54 O
80 O
.403 O
30 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
72 O
63 O
.533 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
69 O
65 O
.515 O
2 O
1/2 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
66 O
67 O
.496 O
5 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
65 O
66 O
.496 O
5 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
56 O
77 O
.421 O
15 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
75 O
60 O
.556 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
72 O
61 O
.541 O
2 O

COLORADO B-ORG
70 O
65 O
.519 O
5 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
57 O
74 O
.435 O
16 O

FRIDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
30 O
SCHEDULE O

ATLANTA B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

FLORIDA B-ORG
AT O
CINCINNATI B-LOC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
AT O
MONTREAL B-LOC

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
AT O
PHILADELPHIA B-LOC

HOUSTON B-ORG
AT O
PITTSBURGH B-LOC

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

COLORADO B-ORG
AT O
ST B-LOC
LOUIS I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
THURSDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

DETROIT B-ORG
4 O
Kansas B-ORG
City I-ORG
1 O

Minnesota B-ORG
6 O
MILWAUKEE B-ORG
1 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
14 O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
3 O

SEATTLE B-ORG
9 O
Baltimore B-ORG
6 O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
3 O
NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
2 O

Chicago B-ORG
4 O
HOUSTON B-ORG
3 O

Cincinnati B-ORG
18 O
COLORADO B-ORG
7 O

Atlanta B-ORG
5 O
PITTSBURGH B-ORG
1 O

Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
2 O
MONTREAL B-ORG
1 O

Florida B-ORG
10 O
ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
9 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
TARANGO B-PER
, O
O'BRIEN B-PER
SPRING O
TWIN O
UPSETS O
UNDER O
THE O
LIGHTS O
. O

Larry B-PER
Fine I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Andre B-PER
Agassi I-PER
escaped O
disaster O
on O
Thursday O
but O
Wimbledon B-MISC
finalist O
MaliVai B-PER
Washington I-PER
and O
Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
were O
not O
so O
fortunate O
on O
a O
night O
of O
upsets O
at O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

The O
11th-seeded O
Washington B-PER
fell O
short O
of O
reprising O
his O
Wimbledon B-MISC
miracle O
comeback O
as O
he O
lost O
to O
red-hot O
wildcard O
Alex B-PER
O'Brien I-PER
6-3 O
6-4 O
5-7 O
3-6 O
6-3 O
in O
a O
two O
hour O
51 O
minute O
struggle O
on O
the O
Stadium O
court O
. O

Next O
door O
on O
the O
grandstand O
, O
10th O
seed O
Rios B-PER
lost O
to O
another O
player O
with O
a O
Wimbledon B-MISC
connection O
-- O
bad O
boy O
Jeff B-PER
Tarango I-PER
. O

The O
temperamental O
left-hander O
defeated O
the O
Chilean B-MISC
6-4 O
4-6 O
7-6 O
6-2 O
. O

The O
day O
programme O
went O
smoothly O
although O
sixth-seeded O
former O
champion O
Agassi B-PER
had O
to O
wriggle O
out O
of O
a O
dangerous O
3-6 O
0-4 O
hole O
, O
winning O
18 O
of O
the O
last O
19 O
games O
against O
India B-LOC
's O
Leander B-PER
Paes I-PER
. O

But O
the O
night O
belonged O
to O
the O
upstarts O
. O

Washington B-PER
, O
who O
climbed O
back O
from O
a O
1-5 O
deficit O
, O
two O
sets O
down O
in O
the O
third O
set O
against O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
in O
the O
Wimbledon B-MISC
semifinals O
, O
looked O
poised O
for O
another O
sensational O
comeback O
. O

O'Brien B-PER
, O
a O
winner O
two O
weeks O
ago O
in O
New B-LOC
Haven I-LOC
for O
his O
first O
pro O
title O
, O
served O
for O
the O
match O
at O
5-4 O
in O
the O
third O
set O
before O
Washington B-PER
came O
charging O
back O
. O

" O
I O
just O
kept O
saying O
to O
myself O
, O
' O
keep O
giving O
yourself O
the O
best O
chance O
to O
win O
, O
keep O
battling O
, O
maybe O
something O
will O
happen O
, O
' O
" O
said O
the O
26-year-old O
O'Brien B-PER
, O
ranked O
65th O
. O

" O
I O
kept O
my O
composure O
and O
I O
was O
proud O
of O
myself O
for O
that O
-- O
usually O
I O
would O
have O
folded O
up O
the O
tent O
and O
gone O
home O
. O
" O

The O
hard-serving O
O'Brien B-PER
, O
a O
former O
U.S. B-LOC
collegiate O
national O
champion O
, O
fired O
up O
17 O
aces O
to O
ultimately O
subdue O
the O
never-say-die O
Washington B-PER
. O

The O
fifth O
set O
stayed O
on O
serve O
until O
the O
sixth O
game O
, O
when O
Washington B-PER
, O
after O
saving O
one O
break O
point O
with O
a O
forehand O
winner O
down O
the O
line O
, O
netted O
a O
backhand O
to O
give O
O'Brien B-PER
a O
4-2 O
lead O
. O

The O
Texan B-MISC
blasted O
in O
two O
aces O
to O
hold O
serve O
at O
5-2 O
and O
then O
converted O
his O
eighth O
match O
point O
for O
victory O
when O
Washington B-PER
found O
the O
net O
with O
another O
backhand O
from O
40-0 O
. O

" O
You O
just O
kind O
of O
keep O
fighting O
and O
you O
keep O
trying O
to O
make O
him O
play O
a O
little O
bit O
. O

I O
think O
he O
got O
a O
little O
tight O
at O
a O
couple O
of O
moments O
, O
" O
said O
Washington B-PER
. O
" O

But O
I O
think O
he O
served O
pretty O
well O
when O
he O
had O
to O
. O
" O

Tarango B-PER
, O
whose O
Wimbledon B-MISC
tantrum O
two O
years O
ago O
brought O
him O
a O
$ O
28,000 O
fine O
and O
suspension O
from O
this O
year O
's O
tournament O
at O
the O
All-England B-ORG
Club I-ORG
, O
argued O
calls O
and O
taunted O
fans O
in O
his O
lively O
two O
hour O
, O
24 O
minute O
tango O
with O
Rios B-PER
on O
the O
grandstand O
. O

A O
boisterous O
cheering O
section O
backed O
the O
distracted O
Chilean B-MISC
and O
booed O
the O
lanky O
American B-MISC
, O
who O
ate O
up O
all O
the O
attention O
. O

" O
I O
'm O
an O
emotional O
player O
, O
" O
said O
the O
104th-ranked O
Tarango B-PER
. O
" O

I O
think O
I O
played O
very O
well O
tonight O
, O
very O
focused O
. O
" O

The O
match O
turned O
on O
the O
third-set O
tiebreaker O
, O
which O
the O
American B-MISC
won O
7-5 O
much O
to O
the O
dismay O
of O
the O
spectators O
. O

" O
I O
love O
the O
crowd O
if O
they O
boo O
me O
every O
day O
. O

It O
fires O
me O
up O
, O
makes O
me O
play O
my O
best O
tennis O
, O
" O
Tarango B-PER
said O
. O

" O
I O
played O
some O
of O
my O
best O
tennis O
in O
college O
when O
fraternities O
were O
throwing O
beer O
on O
me O
. O

If O
tennis O
was O
like O
that O
every O
day O
, O
I O
think O
everybody O
wold O
be O
having O
a O
lot O
more O
fun O
. O
" O

Rios B-PER
did O
not O
appreciate O
Tarango B-PER
's O
antics O
. O

" O
He O
's O
always O
complaining O
too O
much O
, O
" O
said O
Rios B-PER
. O
" O

But O
I O
think O
it O
's O
not O
that O
. O

I O
think O
I O
played O
really O
bad O
. O

It O
was O
tough O
to O
play O
at O
night O
. O

Balls O
were O
going O
really O
fast O
. O

I O
lost O
too O
many O
points O
that O
I O
never O
lose O
. O

I O
did O
n't O
play O
my O
tennis O
. O
" O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
see O
the O
ball O
like O
I O
see O
during O
the O
day O
. O

I O
play O
an O
American B-MISC
so O
that O
's O
why O
I O
play O
at O
night O
. O

I O
did O
n't O
feel O
good O
on O
the O
court O
. O
" O

At O
the O
end O
of O
the O
match O
, O
Tarango B-PER
blew O
sarcastic O
kisses O
to O
the O
crowd O
, O
then O
jiggled O
his O
body O
to O
a O
Rios B-PER
rooting O
section O
in O
a O
jeering O
salute O
. O

" O
I O
support O
their O
enthusiasm O
, O
" O
Tarango B-PER
said O
about O
the O
fans O
. O
" O

At O
the O
same O
time O
, O
they O
're O
cheering O
blatantly O
against O
me O
. O

After O
I O
won O
I O
figured O
I O
could O
give O
them O
a O
little O
razzle-dazzle O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

NFL B-ORG
AMERICAN B-MISC
FOOTBALL-RANDALL I-MISC
CUNNINGHAM B-PER
RETIRES O
. O

PHILADELPHIA B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Randall B-PER
Cunningham I-PER
, O
the O
National B-ORG
Football I-ORG
League I-ORG
's O
all-time O
leading O
rusher O
as O
a O
quarterback O
and O
one O
of O
the O
most O
athletic O
players O
ever O
to O
line O
up O
over O
centre O
, O
retired O
Thursday O
. O

Cunningham B-PER
played O
his O
entire O
11-year O
career O
with O
the O
Philadelphia B-ORG
Eagles I-ORG
. O

A O
three-time O
Pro B-MISC
Bowl I-MISC
selection O
, O
Cunningham B-PER
rushed O
for O
4,482 O
yards O
on O
677 O
carries O
. O

" O
I O
would O
like O
to O
thank O
the O
Eagles B-ORG
organisation O
and O
the O
wonderful O
fans O
of O
Philadelphia B-ORG
for O
supporting O
me O
throughout O
my O
career O
, O
" O
Cunningham B-PER
said O
. O

" O
Although O
it O
saddens O
me O
to O
leave O
, O
I O
am O
looking O
forward O
to O
spending O
more O
time O
with O
my O
family O
and O
pursuing O
other O
interests O
that O
have O
been O
on O
the O
back O
burner O
for O
sometime O
. O
" O

" O
Randall B-PER
was O
one O
of O
the O
most O
exciting O
quarterbacks O
in O
NFL B-ORG
history O
, O
" O
said O
Eagles B-ORG
owner O
Jeffrey B-PER
Lurie I-PER
. O
" O

During O
his O
11 O
years O
in O
Philadelphia B-LOC
, O
Randall B-PER
was O
the O
cornerstone O
of O
the O
Eagles B-ORG
' O
franchise O
and O
brought O
many O
great O
moments O
to O
fans O
in O
Philadelphia B-LOC
as O
well O
as O
across O
the O
NFL B-ORG
. O
" O

A O
second-round O
choice O
in O
1985 O
, O
Cunningham B-PER
completed O
1,874-of-3,362 O
passes O
( O
55.7 O
percent O
) O
for O
22,877 O
yards O
and O
150 O
touchdowns O
. O

Cunningham B-PER
has O
already O
been O
signed O
as O
a O
broadcaster O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
LEADING O
SCORES O
AT O
GREATER B-MISC
MILWAUKEE I-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

MILWAUKEE B-LOC
, O
Wisconsin B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Leading O
scores O
in O

the O
$ O
1.2 O
million O
Greater B-MISC
Milwaukee I-MISC
Open I-MISC
at O
the O
par-71 O
, O

6,739-yard O
Brown B-LOC
Deer I-LOC
Park I-LOC
Golf I-LOC
Course I-LOC
after O
the O
first O
round O

on O
Thursday O
( O
players O
U.S. B-LOC
unless O
stated O
) O
: O

62 O
Nolan B-PER
Henke I-PER

64 O
Bob B-PER
Estes I-PER

65 O
Billy B-PER
Andrade I-PER
, O
Duffy B-PER
Waldorf I-PER
, O
Jesper B-PER
Parnevik I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

66 O
Neal B-PER
Lancaster I-PER
, O
Dave B-PER
Barr I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
, O
Mike B-PER
Sullivan I-PER
, O
Willie B-PER

Wood B-PER
, O
Loren B-PER
Roberts I-PER
, O
Steve B-PER
Stricker I-PER
, O
Brian B-PER
Claar I-PER
, O
Russ B-PER
Cochran I-PER

67 O
Mark B-PER
Calcavecchia I-PER
, O
Payne B-PER
Stewart I-PER
, O
Billy B-PER
Mayfair I-PER
, O
Ken B-PER

Green B-PER
, O
Jerry B-PER
Kelly I-PER
, O
Tim B-PER
Simpson I-PER
, O
Olin B-PER
Browne I-PER
, O
Shane B-PER
Bortsch I-PER
, O

Mike B-PER
Hulbert I-PER
, O
Brian B-PER
Henninger I-PER
, O
Tiger B-PER
Woods I-PER
, O
Steve B-PER
Jurgenson I-PER
, O

Bryan B-PER
Gorman I-PER

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
HENKE B-PER
TAKES O
LEAD O
IN O
MILWAUKEE B-LOC
, O
WOODS B-PER
MAKES O
PRO O
DEBUT O
. O

MILWAUKEE B-LOC
, O
Wisconsin B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Nolan B-PER
Henke I-PER
fired O
a O
nine-under-par O
62 O
to O
grab O
a O
two-shot O
lead O
after O
the O
opening O
round O
of O
the O
$ O
1.2 O
million O
Greater B-MISC
Milwaukee I-MISC
Open I-MISC
Thursday O
as O
20-year-old O
Tiger B-PER
Woods I-PER
shot O
67 O
in O
his O
professional O
debut O
. O

Henke B-PER
stood O
two O
strokes O
ahead O
of O
Bob B-PER
Estes I-PER
and O
three O
up O
on O
Billy B-PER
Andrade I-PER
, O
Duffy B-PER
Waldorf I-PER
and O
Jesper B-PER
Parnevik I-PER
. O

Woods B-PER
, O
who O
turned O
pro O
Tuesday O
after O
winning O
an O
unprecedented O
third O
successive O
U.S. B-MISC
Amateur I-MISC
Championship I-MISC
, O
almost O
eagled O
the O
18th O
hole O
. O

He O
settled O
for O
a O
birdie O
and O
a O
four-under O
opening O
round O
that O
left O
him O
five O
shots O
off O
the O
pace O
. O

" O
Yesterday O
was O
the O
toughest O
day O
I O
've O
had O
for O
a O
long O
time O
, O
" O
Woods B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Today O
, O
I O
got O
to O
play O
golf O
. O
" O

He O
added O
: O
" O
I O
thought O
I O
got O
off O
off O
to O
a O
great O
start O
. O

It O
was O
a O
perfect O
start O
. O

I O
'm O
in O
a O
good O
position O
. O
" O

Henke B-PER
, O
who O
called O
his O
round O
a O
" O
pleasant O
surprise O
, O
" O
finished O
with O
six O
birdies O
on O
the O
final O
eight O
holes O
. O

" O
We O
finally O
got O
things O
going O
in O
the O
right O
direction O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

It O
was O
my O
best O
round O
in O
a O
very O
long O
time O
. O

My O
short O
game O
has O
improved O
since O
I O
've O
had O
to O
use O
it O
so O
often O
. O

That O
's O
always O
been O
the O
worst O
part O
of O
my O
game O
. O

All O
in O
all O
, O
playing O
bad O
's O
been O
a O
good O
experience O
. O
" O

Henke B-PER
, O
who O
came O
within O
one O
shot O
of O
the O
course O
record O
set O
by O
Andrew B-PER
Magee I-PER
during O
Wednesday O
's O
pro-am O
, O
has O
three O
career O
PGA B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
victories O
, O
but O
none O
since O
the O
1993 O
BellSouth B-MISC
Classic I-MISC
. O

Estes B-PER
, O
whose O
only O
win O
came O
at O
the O
1994 O
Texas B-MISC
Open I-MISC
and O
whose O
best O
finish O
this O
year O
was O
a O
third-place O
tie O
at O
the O
Nortel B-MISC
Open I-MISC
in O
January O
, O
eagled O
the O
par-five O
fourth O
hole O
and O
added O
five O
birdies O
to O
grab O
sole O
possession O
of O
second O
place O
. O

" O
No O
bogeys O
on O
the O
card O
, O
" O
he O
noted O
. O
" O

Sometimes O
I O
take O
more O
pride O
in O
that O
. O
" O

Woods B-PER
was O
among O
a O
group O
of O
13 O
players O
at O
four O
under O
, O
including O
1993 O
champion O
Billy B-PER
Mayfair I-PER
, O
who O
tied O
for O
second O
at O
last O
week O
's O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
, O
and O
former O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
champ O
Payne B-PER
Stewart I-PER
. O

Defending O
champion O
Scott B-PER
Hoch I-PER
shot O
a O
three-under O
68 O
and O
was O
six O
strokes O
back O
. O

Phil B-PER
Mickelson I-PER
, O
the O
only O
four-time O
winner O
on O
the O
PGA B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
, O
skipped O
the O
tournament O
after O
winning O
the O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
last O
week O
. O

Mark B-PER
Brooks I-PER
, O
Tom B-PER
Lehman I-PER
and O
Mark B-PER
O'Meara I-PER
, O
who O
make O
up O
the O
rest O
of O
the O
top O
four O
on O
the O
money O
list O
, O
also O
took O
the O
week O
off O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SILVA B-PER
'S O
`LOST O
PASSPORT O
' O
EXCUSE O
NOT O
ENOUGH O
FOR O
FIFA B-ORG
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Spanish B-MISC
first O
division O
team O
Deportivo B-ORG
Coruna I-ORG
will O
be O
without O
key O
midfielder O
Mauro B-PER
Silva I-PER
for O
Saturday O
's O
game O
with O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
after O
FIFA B-ORG
, O
soccer O
's O
world O
governing O
body O
, O
suspended O
the O
Brazilian B-MISC
for O
one O
game O
for O
missing O
his O
national O
side O
's O
European B-MISC
tour O
. O

Silva B-PER
excused O
his O
absence O
from O
Brazil B-LOC
's O
game O
against O
Russia B-LOC
, O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
and O
Saturday O
's O
match O
with O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
by O
saying O
he O
had O
lost O
his O
passport O
. O

But O
that O
did O
not O
prevent O
him O
from O
collecting O
the O
one-match O
suspension O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
MITCHELL B-PER
DEFEATS O
BAILEY B-PER
IN O
FRONT O
OF O
FORMER O
CHAMPIONS O
. O

Adrian B-PER
Warner I-PER

BERLIN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

American B-MISC
Dennis B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
outclassed O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
metres O
champion O
Donovan B-PER
Bailey I-PER
for O
the O
third O
time O
at O
a O
major O
post-Games B-MISC
meeting O
in O
front O
of O
the O
most O
experienced O
sprinting O
crowd O
in O
the O
world O
on O
Friday O
. O

Watched O
by O
an O
array O
of O
former O
Olympic B-MISC
sprint O
champions O
at O
the O
Berlin B-LOC
grand O
prix O
meeting O
, O
Mitchell B-PER
made O
a O
brilliant O
start O
in O
the O
100 O
metres O
and O
held O
off O
Bailey B-PER
's O
strong O
finish O
to O
win O
in O
10.08 O
seconds O
despite O
cool O
conditions O
. O

Bailey B-PER
, O
who O
set O
a O
world O
record O
of O
9.84 O
on O
his O
way O
to O
victory O
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
, O
could O
not O
catch O
his O
American B-MISC
rival O
and O
had O
to O
settle O
for O
third O
in O
a O
tight O
finish O
. O

Jamaica B-LOC
's O
Michael B-PER
Green I-PER
was O
second O
with O
10.09 O
with O
Bailey B-PER
finishing O
in O
10.13 O
. O

Last O
Friday O
Mitchell B-PER
, O
who O
finished O
fourth O
at O
the O
Atlanta B-MISC
Games I-MISC
, O
upstaged O
a O
trio O
of O
Olympic B-MISC
champions O
including O
Bailey B-PER
to O
win O
the O
100 O
in O
Brussels B-LOC
. O

Earlier O
this O
month O
he O
also O
beat O
world O
champion O
Bailey B-PER
in O
Zurich B-LOC
. O

Berlin B-LOC
, O
Brussels B-LOC
and O
Zurich B-LOC
all O
belong O
to O
the O
most O
lucrative O
series O
in O
the O
sport O
, O
the O
Golden B-MISC
Four I-MISC
. O

Among O
the O
crowd O
on O
Friday O
were O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
metres O
champions O
going O
back O
to O
1948 O
. O

They O
had O
been O
invited O
to O
the O
meeting O
to O
watch O
a O
special O
relay O
to O
mark O
the O
60th O
anniversary O
of O
Jesse B-PER
Owens I-PER
's O
four O
gold O
medals O
at O
the O
1936 O
Olympics B-MISC
in O
the O
same O
Berlin B-LOC
stadium O
. O

" O
Today O
the O
concentration O
was O
the O
most O
important O
thing O
for O
me O
, O
" O
Mitchell B-PER
said O
. O

Despite O
the O
coolish O
conditions O
American B-MISC
Olympic I-MISC
champion O
Gail B-PER
Devers I-PER
looked O
in O
commanding O
form O
in O
the O
women O
's O
100 O
, O
clocking O
10.89 O
to O
defeat O
Jamaican B-MISC
rival O
Merlene B-PER
Ottey I-PER
, O
who O
was O
second O
in O
10.94 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
BERLIN B-MISC
GRAND I-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

BERLIN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Leading O
results O
at O
the O
Berlin B-MISC

Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
athletics O
meeting O
on O
Friday O
: O

Women O
's O
100 O
metres O
hurdles O

1. O
Michelle B-PER
Freeman I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
12.71 O
seconds O

2. O
Ludmila B-PER
Engquist I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
12.74 O

3. O
Aliuska B-PER
Lopez I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
12.92 O

4. O
Brigita B-PER
Bokovec I-PER
( O
Slovenia B-LOC
) O
12.92 O

5. O
Dionne B-PER
Rose I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
12.92 O

6. O
Julie B-PER
Baumann I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
13.11 O

7. O
Gillian B-PER
Russell I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
13.17 O

Women O
's O
1,500 O
metres O

1. O
Svetlana B-PER
Masterkova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
four O
minutes O
6.87 O
seconds O

2. O
Patricia B-PER
Djate-Taillard I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
4:08.22 O

3. O
Carla B-PER
Sacramento I-PER
( O
Portugal B-LOC
) O
4:08.96 O

4. O
Yekaterina B-PER
Podkopayeva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
4:09.25 O

5. O
Leah B-PER
Pells I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
4:09.95 O

6. O
Carmen B-PER
Wuestenhagen I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
4:10.38 O

7. O
Margarita B-PER
Maruseva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
4:10.87 O

8. O
Sara B-PER
Thorsett I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
4:11.06 O

Men O
's O
110 O
metres O
hurdles O

1. O
Mark B-PER
Crear I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
13.26 O
seconds O

2. O
Tony B-PER
Jarrett I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
13.35 O

3. O
Florian B-PER
Schwarthoff I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
13.36 O

4. O
Emilio B-PER
Valle I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
13.52 O

5. O
Falk B-PER
Balzer I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
13.52 O

6. O
Steve B-PER
Brown I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
13.53 O

7. O
Frank B-PER
Busemann I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
13.58 O

8. O
Jack B-PER
Pierce I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
13.60 O

Men O
's O
200 O
metres O

1. O
Frankie B-PER
Fredericks I-PER
( O
Namibia B-LOC
) O
19.97 O
seconds O

2. O
Michael B-PER
Johnson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
20.02 O

3. O
Ato B-PER
Boldon I-PER
( O
Trinidad B-LOC
) O
20.37 O

4. O
Geir B-PER
Moen I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
20.41 O

5. O
Patrick B-PER
Stevens I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
20.54 O

6. O
Jon B-PER
Drummond I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
20.78 O

7. O
Claus B-PER
Hirsbro I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
20.90 O

8. O
Ivan B-PER
Garcia I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
20.96 O

Women O
's O
shot O
put O

1. O
Astrid B-PER
Kumbernuss I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
19.89 O
metres O

2. O
Claudia B-PER
Mues I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
18.80 O

3. O
Irina B-PER
Korzhanenko I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
18.63 O

4. O
Valentina B-PER
Fedyushina I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
18.55 O

5. O
Stephanie B-PER
Storp I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
18.41 O

Men O
's O
mile O

1. O
Noureddine B-PER
Morceli I-PER
( O
Algeria B-LOC
) O
3 O
minutes O
49.09 O
seconds O

2. O
Venuste B-PER
Niyongabo I-PER
( O
Burundi B-LOC
) O
3:51.01 O

3. O
William B-PER
Tanui I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
3:51.40 O

4. O
Laban B-PER
Rotich I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
3:53.42 O

5. O
Marko B-PER
Koers I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
3:53.47 O

6. O
Isaac B-PER
Viciosa I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
3:53.85 O

7. O
John B-PER
Mayock I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
3:54.67 O

8. O
Marcus B-PER
O'Sullivan I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
3:54.87 O

Men O
's O
discus O

1. O
Lars B-PER
Riedel I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
70.60 O
metres O

2. O
Anthony B-PER
Washington I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
68.44 O

3. O
Vasily B-PER
Kaptyukh I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
66.24 O

4. O
Vladimir B-PER
Dubrovshchik I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
65.30 O

5. O
Virgilijus B-PER
Alekna I-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
65.00 O

6. O
Juergen B-PER
Schult I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
64.46 O

7. O
Andreas B-PER
Seelig I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
62.00 O

8. O
Michael B-PER
Moellenbeck I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
58.56 O

Women O
's O
100 O
metres O

1. O
Gail B-PER
Devers I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
10.89 O
seconds O

2. O
Merlene B-PER
Ottey I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
10.94 O

3. O
Gwen B-PER
Torrence I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
11.07 O

4. O
Mary B-PER
Onyali I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
11.14 O

5. O
Chryste B-PER
Gaines I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
11.20 O

6. O
Chandra B-PER
Sturrup I-PER
( O
Bahamas B-LOC
) O
11.26 O

7. O
Irina B-PER
Privalova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
11.27 O

8. O
Inger B-PER
Miller I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
11.37 O

Women O
's O
5,000 O
metres O

1. O
Gabriela B-PER
Szabo I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
15 O
minutes O
04.95 O
seconds O

2. O
Gete B-PER
Wami I-PER
( O
Ethiopia B-LOC
) O
15:05.21 O

3. O
Rose B-PER
Cheruiyot I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
15:05.41 O

4. O
Annemari B-PER
Sandell I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
15:06.33 O

5. O
Tegla B-PER
Loroupe I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
15:08.79 O

6. O
Gunhild B-PER
Halle I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
15:09.00 O

7. O
Pauline B-PER
Konga I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
15:09.74 O

8. O
Sally B-PER
Barsosio I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
15:14.34 O

Men O
's O
400 O
metres O
hurdles O

1. O
Torrance B-PER
Zellner I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
48.23 O
seconds O

2. O
Samuel B-PER
Matete I-PER
( O
Zambia B-LOC
) O
48.34 O

3. O
Derrick B-PER
Adkins I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
48.62 O

4. O
Fabrizio B-PER
Mori I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
49.21 O

5. O
Sven B-PER
Nylander I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
49.22 O

6. O
Eric B-PER
Thomas I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
49.35 O

7. O
Rohan B-PER
Robinson I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
49.36 O

8. O
Dusan B-PER
Kovacs I-PER
( O
Hungary B-LOC
) O
49.58 O

Women O
's O
400 O
metres O

1. O
Falilat B-PER
Ogunkoya I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
50.31 O
seconds O

2. O
Jearl B-PER
Miles I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
50.42 O

3. O
Fatima B-PER
Yusuf I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
51.43 O

4. O
Anja B-PER
Ruecker I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
51.61 O

5. O
Olabisi B-PER
Afolabi I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
51.98 O

6. O
Phylis B-PER
Smith I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
52.05 O

7. O
Linda B-PER
Kisabaka I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
52.41 O

8. O
Karin B-PER
Janke I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
53.13 O

Men O
's O
100 O
metres O

1. O
Dennis B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
10.08 O

2. O
Michael B-PER
Green I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
10.09 O

3. O
Donovan B-PER
Bailey I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
10.13 O

4. O
Jon B-PER
Drummond I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
10.22 O

5. O
Davidson B-PER
Ezinwa I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
10.24 O

6. O
Geir B-PER
Moen I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
10.33 O

7. O
Marc B-PER
Blume I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
10.48 O

Men O
's O
800 O
metres O

1. O
Wilson B-PER
Kipketer I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
1:43.34 O

2. O
Norberto B-PER
Tellez I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
1:44.58 O

3. O
Sammy B-PER
Langat I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
1:44.96 O

4. O
Nico B-PER
Motchebon I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:45.03 O

5. O
David B-PER
Kiptoo I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
1:45.27 O

6. O
Adem B-PER
Hacini I-PER
( O
Algeria B-LOC
) O
1:45.64 O

7. O
Vebjoen B-PER
Rodal I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1:46.45 O

8. O
Craig B-PER
Winrow I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
1:46.66 O

Men O
's O
pole O
vault O

1= O
Andrei B-PER
Tiwontschik I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
5.86 O

1= O
Igor B-PER
Trandenkov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
5.86 O

3. O
Maksim B-PER
Tarasov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
5.86 O

4. O
Tim B-PER
Lobinger I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
5.80 O

5. O
Igor B-PER
Potapovich I-PER
( O
Kazakstan B-LOC
) O
5.80 O

6. O
Jean B-PER
Galfione I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
5.65 O

7. O
Pyotr B-PER
Bochkary I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
5.65 O

8. O
Dmitri B-PER
Markov I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
5.65 O

Women O
's O
high O
jump O

1. O
Stefka B-PER
Kostadinova I-PER
( O
Bulgaria B-LOC
) O
2.03 O

2. O
Inga B-PER
Babakova I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
2.00 O
metres O

3. O
Alina B-PER
Astafei I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1.97 O

4. O
Tatyana B-PER
Motkova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1.97 O

5. O
Hanne B-PER
Haugland I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1.91 O

6= O
Nele B-PER
Zilinskiene I-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
1.91 O

6= O
Yelena B-PER
Gulyayeva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1.91 O

8. O
Natalya B-PER
Golodnova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1.85 O

Men O
's O
5,000 O
metres O

1. O
Daniel B-PER
Komen I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
13 O
minutes O
2.62 O
seconds O

2. O
Bob B-PER
Kennedy I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
13:06.12 O

3. O
Paul B-PER
Koech I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
13:06.45 O

4. O
El B-PER
Hassane I-PER
Lahssini I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
13:06.57 O

5. O
Shem B-PER
Kororia I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
13:06.65 O

6. O
Brahim B-PER
Lahlafi I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
13:08.05 O

7. O
Tom B-PER
Nyariki I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
13:20.12 O

8. O
Fita B-PER
Bayissa I-PER
( O
Ethiopia B-LOC
) O
13:21.35 O

Men O
's O
triple O
jump O

1. O
Jonathan B-PER
Edwards I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
17.69 O
metres O

2. O
Yoelvis B-PER
Quesada I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
17.44 O

3. O
Kenny B-PER
Harrison I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
17.16 O

4. O
Mike B-PER
Conley I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
16.79 O

5. O
Armen B-PER
Martirosyan I-PER
( O
Armenia B-LOC
) O
16.57 O

6. O
Sigurd B-PER
Njerve I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
16.41 O

7. O
Carlos B-PER
Calado I-PER
( O
Portugal B-LOC
) O
16.31 O

8. O
Charles-Michael B-PER
Friedek I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
16.12 O

Women O
's O
javelin O

1. O
Tanja B-PER
Damaske I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
66.60 O
metres O

2. O
Trine B-PER
Hattesta I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
65.12 O

3. O
Isel B-PER
Lopez I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
65.10 O

4. O
Heli B-PER
Rantanen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
62.78 O

5. O
Louise B-PER
McPaul I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
62.06 O

6. O
Xiomara B-PER
Rivero I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
61.94 O

7. O
Natalya B-PER
Shikolen I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
60.74 O

8. O
Rita B-PER
Ramaunaskaite I-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
60.74 O

Men O
's O
4x100 O
relay O
Jesse B-PER
Owens I-PER
memorial O
race O

1. O
Donovan B-PER
Bailey I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
, O
Michael B-PER
Johnson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
Frankie B-PER

Fredericks B-PER
( O
Namibia B-LOC
) O
, O
Linford B-PER
Christie I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
38.87 O
seconds O

2. O
Michael B-PER
Green I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
, O
Osmond B-PER
Ezinwa I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
, O
Oeji B-PER
Aliu I-PER

( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
, O
Davidson B-PER
Ezinwa I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
38.87 O

3. O
Peter B-PER
Karlsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Falk B-PER
Balzer I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
, O
George B-PER

Panayiotopoulos B-PER
( O
Greece B-LOC
) O
, O
Florian B-PER
Schwarthoff I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
39.93 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
THREE O
STANDARD B-ORG
LIEGE I-ORG
PLAYERS O
BANNED O
, O
CLUB O
FINED O
. O

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

UEFA B-ORG
came O
down O
heavily O
on O
Belgian B-MISC
club O
Standard B-ORG
Liege I-ORG
on O
Friday O
for O
" O
disgraceful O
behaviour O
" O
in O
an O
Intertoto B-MISC
final O
match O
against O
Karlsruhe B-ORG
of O
Germany B-LOC
. O

The O
Belgian B-MISC
club O
were O
fined O
25,000 O
Swiss B-MISC
francs O
( O
$ O
20,850 O
) O
for O
unsporting O
conduct O
and O
captain O
Guy B-PER
Hellers I-PER
banned O
for O
seven O
games O
. O

He O
was O
sent O
off O
for O
insulting O
the O
referee O
and O
then O
urged O
his O
team O
mates O
to O
protest O
. O

Roberto B-PER
Bisconti I-PER
will O
be O
sidelined O
for O
six O
Euro B-MISC
ties O
after O
pushing O
the O
referee O
in O
the O
back O
as O
he O
protested O
about O
a O
Karlsruhe B-ORG
goal O
, O
while O
Didier B-PER
Ernst I-PER
was O
banned O
for O
four O
matches O
for O
a O
verbal O
attack O
soon O
after O
Bisconti B-PER
was O
also O
dismissed O
. O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
won O
the O
August O
20 O
match O
3-1 O
thanks O
to O
two O
late O
goals O
. O

They O
took O
the O
tie O
3-2 O
on O
aggregate O
and O
qualified O
for O
the O
UEFA B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
HARRISON B-PER
, O
EDWARDS B-PER
TO O
MEET O
IN O
SARAJEVO B-LOC
. O

MONTE B-LOC
CARLO I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Kenny B-PER
Harrison I-PER
and O
world O
record O
holder O
Jonathan B-PER
Edwards I-PER
will O
both O
take O
part O
in O
a O
triple O
jump O
competition O
at O
the O
Solidarity B-MISC
Meeting I-MISC
for I-MISC
Sarajevo I-MISC
on O
September O
9 O
. O

The O
International B-ORG
Amateur I-ORG
Athletic I-ORG
Federation I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
a O
schedule O
reshuffle O
had O
allowed O
organisers O
to O
hold O
a O
men O
's O
triple O
jump O
as O
well O
as O
the O
women O
's O
long O
jump O
on O
the O
" O
one O
usable O
runway O
at O
the O
war-devastated O
" O
Kosevo B-LOC
stadium O
. O

Atlanta B-MISC
Games I-MISC
silver O
medal O
winner O
Edwards B-PER
has O
called O
on O
other O
leading O
athletes O
to O
take O
part O
in O
the O
Sarajevo B-LOC
meeting O
-- O
a O
goodwill O
gesture O
towards O
Bosnia B-LOC
as O
it O
recovers O
from O
the O
war O
in O
the O
Balkans B-LOC
-- O
two O
days O
after O
the O
grand O
prix O
final O
in O
Milan B-LOC
. O

Edwards B-PER
was O
quoted O
as O
saying O
: O
" O
What O
type O
of O
character O
do O
we O
show O
by O
going O
to O
the O
IAAF B-MISC
Grand I-MISC
Prix I-MISC
Final I-MISC
in O
Milan B-LOC
where O
there O
is O
a O
lot O
of O
money O
to O
make O
but O
refusing O
to O
make O
the O
trip O
to O
Sarajevo B-LOC
as O
a O
humanitarian O
gesture O
? O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BARATELLI B-PER
TO O
COACH O
NICE B-ORG
. O

NICE B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Former O
international O
goalkeeper O
Dominique B-PER
Baratelli I-PER
is O
to O
coach O
struggling O
French B-MISC
first O
division O
side O
Nice B-ORG
, O
the O
club O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Baratelli B-PER
, O
who O
played O
for O
Nice B-ORG
and O
Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
, O
takes O
over O
from O
Albert B-PER
Emon I-PER
who O
was O
fired O
on O
Thursday O
after O
Nice B-ORG
's O
home O
defeat O
to O
Guingamp B-ORG
2-1 O
in O
the O
league O
. O

Nice B-ORG
have O
been O
unable O
to O
win O
any O
of O
their O
four O
league O
matches O
played O
this O
season O
and O
are O
lying O
a O
lowly O
18th O
in O
the O
table O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
MILAN B-ORG
'S O
LENTINI B-PER
MOVES O
TO O
ATALANTA B-ORG
. O

MILAN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Former O
Italian B-MISC
international O
winger O
Gianluigi B-PER
Lentini I-PER
, O
transferred O
to O
Milan B-ORG
in O
1992 O
for O
what O
was O
believed O
to O
be O
a O
world O
record O
sum O
, O
has O
been O
loaned O
to O
serie B-MISC
A I-MISC
club O
Atalanta B-ORG
for O
a O
year O
, O
newspapers O
reported O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
Gazzetta B-ORG
dello I-ORG
Sport I-ORG
said O
the O
deal O
would O
cost O
Atalanta B-ORG
around O
$ O
600,000 O
. O

Lentini B-PER
, O
27 O
, O
joined O
Milan B-ORG
from O
Torino B-ORG
in O
a O
$ O
12 O
million O
deal O
that O
many O
have O
speculated O
involved O
far O
more O
money O
changing O
hands O
and O
which O
has O
subsequently O
been O
investigated O
by O
magistrates O
for O
alleged O
financial O
irregularities O
. O

The O
player O
suffered O
severe O
head O
injuries O
in O
a O
near-fatal O
car O
crash O
the O
following O
year O
and O
has O
since O
struggled O
to O
regain O
the O
form O
that O
made O
him O
a O
hero O
in O
Turin B-LOC
. O

The O
move O
to O
Bergamo-based B-MISC
Atalanta B-ORG
reunites O
Lentini B-PER
, O
who O
fell O
out O
with O
ex-Milan B-MISC
coach O
Fabio B-PER
Capello I-PER
last O
season O
, O
with O
his O
former O
coach O
at O
Torino B-ORG
, O
Emiliano B-PER
Mondonico I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
SRI B-LOC
LANKA I-LOC
BEAT O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
BY O
FOUR O
WICKETS O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
beat O
Australia B-LOC
by O
four O
wickets O
in O
the O
third O
match O
of O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
one-day O
( O
50 O
overs O
) O
cricket O
tournament O
on O
Friday O
. O

Scores O
: O
Australia B-LOC
228-9 O
in O
50 O
overs O
, O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
232-6 O
in O
45.5 O
overs O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
V O
SRI B-LOC
LANKA I-LOC
SCOREBOARD O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Scoreboard O
of O
the O
third O
Singer B-MISC

World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
cricket O
match O
between O
Australia B-LOC
and O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
on O

Friday O
: O

Australia B-LOC

M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
c O
and O
b O
Jayasuriya B-PER
50 O

M. B-PER
Slater I-PER
run O
out O
9 O

S. B-PER
Law I-PER
c O
Tillekeratne B-PER
b O
Dharmasena B-PER
13 O

M. B-PER
Bevan I-PER
c O
Vaas B-PER
b O
Chandana B-PER
56 O

S. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
b O
Muralitharan B-PER
22 O

R. B-PER
Ponting I-PER
not O
out O
46 O

D. B-PER
Lehmann I-PER
st O
Kaluwitharana B-PER
b O
Chandana B-PER
2 O

I. B-PER
Healy I-PER
c O
Ranatunga B-PER
b O
Muralitharan B-PER
8 O

J. B-PER
Gillespie I-PER
st O
Kaluwitharana B-PER
b O
Chandana B-PER
6 O

D. B-PER
Fleming I-PER
c O
Chandana B-PER
b O
Jayasuriya B-PER
3 O

G. B-PER
McGrath I-PER
not O
out O
8 O

Extras O
( O
lb-3 O
nb-2 O
) O
5 O

Total O
( O
nine O
wickets O
, O
50 O
overs O
) O
228 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-21 O
2-52 O
3-97 O
4-149 O
5-157 O
6-163 O
7-178 O

8-198 O
9-203 O
. O

Bowling O
: O
Vass B-PER
7-0-29-0 O
, O
de B-PER
Silva I-PER
4-0-25-0 O
, O
Dharmasena B-PER

9-0-49-1 O
, O
Muralitharan B-PER
10-0-41-2 O
, O
Jayasuriya B-PER
10-0-43-2 O
, O
Chandana B-PER

10-0-38-3 O
. O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC

S. B-PER
Jayasuriya I-PER
c O
Healy B-PER
b O
Fleming B-PER
44 O

R. B-PER
Kaluwitharana I-PER
b O
S. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
8 O

A. B-PER
Gurusinha I-PER
run O
out O
16 O

A.de B-PER
Silva I-PER
not O
out O
83 O

A. B-PER
Ranatunga I-PER
lbw O
b O
Fleming B-PER
0 O

H. B-PER
Tillekeratne I-PER
lbw O
b O
Fleming B-PER
1 O

R. B-PER
Mahanama I-PER
b O
McGrath B-PER
50 O

U. B-PER
Chandana I-PER
not O
out O
14 O

Extras O
( O
lb-3 O
nb-6 O
w-7 O
) O
16 O

Total O
( O
six O
wickets O
, O
45.5 O
overs O
) O
232 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-22 O
2-78 O
3-78 O
4-78 O
5-81 O
6-196 O
. O

Did O
not O
bat O
: O
Dharmasena B-PER
, O
Vaas B-PER
, O
Muralitharan B-PER
. O

Bowling O
: O
S. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
5-1-36-1 O
, O
Law B-PER
2-0-23-0 O
, O
McGrath B-PER
9.5-0-44-1 O
, O

Fleming B-PER
8-1-26-3 O
, O
Gillespie B-PER
6-0-27-0 O
, O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
5-0-29-0 O
, O
Lehmann B-PER

6-0-26-0 O
, O
Bevan B-PER
4-0-18-0 O
. O

Man O
of O
the O
Match O
: O
Aravinda B-PER
de I-PER
Silva I-PER

Next O
Series O
match O
: O
India B-LOC
v O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
, O
September O
1 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
228-9 O
IN O
50 O
OVERS O
V O
SRI B-LOC
LANKA I-LOC
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Australia B-LOC
scored O
228 O
for O
nine O
wickets O
in O
their O
50 O
overs O
against O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
in O
the O
third O
day-night O
limited O
overs O
match O
of O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
tournament O
on O
Friday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
WIN O
TOSS O
AND O
CHOOSE O
TO O
BAT O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Australia B-LOC
won O
the O
toss O
and O

elected O
to O
bat O
against O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
in O
the O
third O
day-night O
limited O

overs O
cricket O
match O
in O
the O
Singer B-MISC
world O
series O
tournament O
on O

Friday O
. O

Teams O
: O

Australia B-LOC
- O
Ian B-PER
Healy I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Michael B-PER
Bevan I-PER
, O
Damien B-PER

Flemming B-PER
, O
Jason B-PER
Gillespie I-PER
, O
Stuart B-PER
Law I-PER
, O
Glenn B-PER
McGrath I-PER
, O
Ricky B-PER

Ponting B-PER
, O
Michael B-PER
Slater I-PER
, O
Darren B-PER
Lehmann I-PER
, O
Mark B-PER
Waugh I-PER
, O
Steve B-PER

Waugh B-PER
. O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
- O
Arjuna B-PER
Ranatunga I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Sanath B-PER
Jayasuriya I-PER
, O

Romesh B-PER
Kaluwitharana I-PER
, O
Asanka B-PER
Gurusinha I-PER
, O
Aravinda B-PER
de I-PER
Silva I-PER
, O

Hashan B-PER
Tillekeratne I-PER
, O
Roshan B-PER
Mahanama I-PER
, O
Kumara B-PER
Dharmasena I-PER
, O

Chaminda B-PER
Vaas I-PER
, O
Muthiah B-PER
Muralitharan I-PER
, O
Upul B-PER
Chandana I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ROMANIA B-LOC
COMELF B-ORG
H1 O
PROFIT O
RISE O
BELOW O
TARGET O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Romanian B-MISC
listed O
state O
engineer O
Comelf B-ORG
said O
it O
almost O
doubled O
six-month O
output O
, O
with O
net O
profit O
rising O
by O
33 O
percent O
to O
1.069 O
billion O
lei O
. O

But O
the O
company O
complained O
inflation O
and O
the O
artificially O
high O
rate O
of O
the O
leu O
cut O
profit O
margins O
on O
exports O
, O
keeping O
profits O
well O
below O
its O
forecast O
of O
1.4 O
billion O
lei O
. O

Comelf B-ORG
's O
six-month O
output O
rose O
to O
4,378 O
tonnes O
of O
equipment O
from O
2,684 O
tonnes O
in O
the O
equivalent O
period O
in O
1995 O
, O
the O
company O
report O
to O
the O
Bucharest B-LOC
stock O
exchange O
showed O
. O

Comelf B-ORG
, O
based O
in O
the O
central O
Transylvanian B-MISC
town O
of O
Bistrita B-LOC
, O
manufactures O
water O
purification O
equipment O
, O
machinery O
for O
the O
thermal O
power O
sector O
and O
other O
equipment O
. O

" O
In O
the O
first O
six O
months O
of O
1996 O
we O
concentrated O
on O
increasing O
the O
volume O
of O
our O
output O
and O
exports O
in O
particular O
and O
improving O
the O
quality O
of O
our O
products O
, O
" O
the O
report O
said O
. O

From O
January O
to O
June O
Comelf B-ORG
exported O
59 O
percent O
of O
its O
output O
, O
up O
from O
37.3 O
percent O
in O
the O
same O
period O
last O
year O
. O

The O
company O
said O
higher O
than O
anticipated O
inflation O
and O
rising O
raw O
materials O
and O
wage O
costs O
also O
hit O
profits O
. O

Year-on-year O
inflation O
, O
initially O
estimated O
at O
20 O
percent O
in O
December O
, O
was O
33.8 O
percent O
in O
June O
, O
higher O
than O
a O
revised O
end-year O
forecast O
of O
30 O
percent O
. O

The O
12 O
month O
figure O
quickened O
to O
40.3 O
percent O
in O
July O
. O

The O
leu O
currency O
has O
slipped O
only O
gradually O
this O
year O
, O
and O
is O
currently O
quoted O
at O
an O
official O
rate O
of O
3,162 O
to O
the O
dollar O
, O
well O
below O
the O
3,550 O
retail O
price O
that O
exporters O
say O
is O
more O
realistic O
. O

-- O
Luli B-PER
Popescu I-PER
, O
Bucharest B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
40-1 O
3120264 O

-DOCSTART- O

POLISH B-MISC
NBP O
REFRAINS O
FROM O
REVERSE O
REPO O
OPERATION O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
National B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Poland I-ORG

refrained O
from O
staging O
a O
reverse O
repo O
operation O
on O
Friday O
, O
the O

bank O
said O
. O

-- O
Warsaw B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+48 O
22 O
653 O
9700 O

-DOCSTART- O

Canada B-LOC
government O
cash O
balances O
fall O
in O
week O
. O

OTTAWA B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
government O
of O
Canada B-LOC
's O
cash O
balances O
fell O
in O
the O
week O
that O
ended O
August O
28 O
, O
the O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Canada I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Wk O
to O
Aug O
28 O
Chg O
on O
wk O
Chg O
on O
yr O

Notes O
in O
circulation O
27.35 O
+0.435 O
+0.237 O

Government O
cash O
balances O
3.54 O
- O
0.629 O
+0.089 O

Govt O
securities O
outstanding O
463.73 O
+1.660 O
+10.436 O

Treasury B-ORG
bills O
152.80 O
+0.300 O
- O
11.900 O

Canada B-LOC
savings O
bonds O
30.12 O
- O
0.004 O
+0.578 O

All O
figures O
in O
billions O
of O
dollars O
. O

Chartered O
bank O
assets O
July O
June O

Net O
foreign O
currency O
- O
12.63 O
- O
12.08 O

Canadian B-MISC
dollar O
639.55 O
639.38 O

Total O
Canadian B-MISC
liquid O
assets O
107.83 O
107.24 O

July O
96 O
June O
96 O
July O
95 O

M1 O
63.02 O
62.83 O
57.50 O

M2 O
389.79 O
391.32 O
381.65 O

M3 O
482.13 O
480.72 O
461.42 O

Note O
- O
Figures O
are O
unadjusted O
, O
in O
billions O
of O
dollars O
. O

-- O
Reuters B-ORG
Ottawa I-ORG
Bureau I-ORG
( O
613 O
) O
235-6745 O

-DOCSTART- O

Jones B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
completes O
acquisition O
. O

ST. B-LOC
LOUIS I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Jones B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
Industries I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
Friday O
it O
completed O
the O
acquisition O
of O
Daniels B-ORG
Pharmaceuticals I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
of O
St. B-LOC
Petersburg I-LOC
, O
Fla. B-LOC
, O
for O
about O
2,960,000 O
shares O
of O
Jones B-ORG
common O
stock O
. O

Jones B-ORG
stock O
closed O
down O
1/8 O
at O
40 O
Friday O
. O

Daniels B-ORG
Pharmaceuticals I-ORG
manufactures O
prescription O
pharmaceutical O
products O
, O
the O
largest O
of O
which O
is O
Levoxyl B-MISC
, O
a O
synthetic O
thyroid O
hormone O
for O
treating O
hypothyroidism O
. O

-- O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
, O
312 O
408-8787 O

-DOCSTART- O

NYMEX O
heating O
oil O
near O
session O
lows O
in O
pre-close O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

NYMEX O
refined O
product O
prices O
lingered O
at O
session O
lows O
amid O
slim O
volume O
before O
the O
close O
while O
crude O
experienced O
lackluster O
buying O
ahead O
of O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
Labor B-MISC
Day I-MISC
weekend O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

" O
There O
was O
some O
profit-taking O
early O
on O
, O
and O
it O
's O
just O
sitting O
there O
, O
" O
a O
Texas B-LOC
trader O
said O
of O
heating O
oil O
's O
and O
gasoline O
's O
losses O
. O

September O
heating O
oil O
stood O
1.02 O
cents O
lower O
at O
62.65 O
cents O
a O
gallon O
. O

Heat O
hit O
a O
session O
low O
of O
62.45 O
shortly O
before O
the O
close O
. O

September O
gasoline O
stood O
0.87 O
cent O
lower O
at O
62.85 O
cents O
a O
gallon O
. O

Friday O
's O
low O
in O
September O
gasoline O
was O
62.75 O
. O

Traders O
also O
said O
players O
were O
selling O
refined O
products O
in O
favor O
of O
crude O
ahead O
of O
the O
front O
month O
's O
Friday O
expiry O
in O
the O
refined O
products O
. O

The O
October O
heating O
oil-to-crude O
crack O
spread O
narrowed O
to O
$ O
4.22 O
a O
barrel O
from O
Thursday O
's O
$ O
4.58 O
while O
the O
October O
gasoline-to-crude O
spread O
narrowed O
to O
$ O
3.60 O
from O
Thursday O
's O
$ O
3.86 O
a O
barrel O
. O

October O
crude O
stood O
eight O
cents O
higher O
at O
$ O
22.23 O
barrel O
. O

Buying O
interest O
in O
crude O
did O
not O
have O
enough O
conviction O
to O
send O
it O
much O
higher O
since O
many O
players O
had O
left O
early O
to O
start O
the O
Labor B-MISC
Day I-MISC
holiday O
weekend O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

NYMEX O
will O
be O
closed O
Monday O
due O
to O
Labor B-MISC
Day I-MISC
. O

-- O
Harry B-PER
Milling I-PER
, O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Energy I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
+1 O
212-859-1761 O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
debt O
futures O
end O
lower O
, O
shaken O
by O
Chicago B-LOC
NAPM B-ORG
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

U.S. B-LOC
debt O
futures O
finished O
a O
shortened O
pre-holiday O
session O
sharply O
lower O
, O
as O
the O
markets O
were O
shaken O
by O
a O
stronger O
than O
expected O
rise O
in O
the O
August O
National B-ORG
Association I-ORG
of I-ORG
Purchasing I-ORG
Management I-ORG
( O
NAPM B-ORG
) O
index O
for O
the O
Chicago B-LOC
area O
, O
traders O
and O
analysts O
said O
. O

The O
August O
Chicago B-LOC
NAPM B-ORG
rose O
8.8 O
points O
to O
60.0 O
, O
its O
highest O
level O
since O
62.6 O
in O
February O
1995 O
and O
the O
largest O
monthly O
rise O
since O
December O
1993 O
. O

Primary O
dealers O
immediately O
sold O
Eurodollar B-MISC
and O
bond O
futures O
, O
after O
the O
market O
on O
average O
was O
expecting O
the O
index O
to O
rise O
marginally O
to O
51.9 O
from O
July O
's O
51.2 O
. O

Traders O
also O
said O
Japanese B-MISC
investors O
were O
unwinding O
long O
Eurodollar B-MISC
futures O
/ O
short O
swaps O
, O
and O
that O
heavy O
put O
buying O
helped O
pressure O
Eurodollars B-MISC
to O
lower O
levels O
before O
the O
close O
. O

One O
U.S. B-LOC
firm O
bought O
35,000 O
September O
97 O
mid-curve O
put O
options O
at O
a O
strike O
price O
of O
93.25 O
to O
93.30 O
in O
the O
last O
two O
sessions O
, O
while O
a O
French B-MISC
firm O
bought O
4,000 O
September O
93.30 O
to O
93.32 O
put O
spreads O
. O

" O
Even O
before O
the O
data O
came O
out O
, O
we O
were O
seeing O
put O
buying O
, O
" O
one O
floor O
trader O
said O
. O

Meanwhile O
, O
funds O
were O
reportedly O
good O
sellers O
of O
five-year O
notes O
. O

Rumors O
circulated O
that O
the O
Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
was O
buying O
five-year O
notes O
, O
and O
that O
a O
renowned O
hedge O
fund O
manager O
was O
buying O
10-year O
notes O
in O
the O
cash O
markets O
. O

However O
, O
December O
T-bonds O
ended O
below O
a O
major O
trendline O
level O
at O
106-26/32 O
, O
as O
the O
yield O
in O
the O
cash O
bond O
market O
set O
its O
highest O
monthly O
close O
since O
April O
1995 O
at O
7.12 O
percent O
, O
one O
analyst O
said O
. O

December O
bonds O
blew O
through O
the O
July O
30 O
low O
of O
107-06/32 O
, O
even O
though O
conditions O
were O
slightly O
oversold O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

The O
December O
calendar O
spread O
continued O
to O
widen O
, O
also O
reflecting O
the O
market O
's O
fear O
of O
rising O
inflation O
. O

While O
the O
market O
continues O
to O
price-in O
higher O
U.S. B-LOC
interest O
rates O
, O
there O
was O
little O
conviction O
to O
the O
theory O
that O
the O
Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
would O
tighten O
rates O
before O
the O
next O
Federal B-ORG
Open I-ORG
Market I-ORG
Committee I-ORG
meeting O
on O
September O
24 O
. O

Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
governor O
Lawrence B-PER
Lindsey I-PER
, O
speaking O
on O
U.S. B-LOC
cable O
television O
network O
CNBC B-ORG
, O
said O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
economy O
appears O
on O
balance O
to O
be O
a O
bit O
strong O
, O
adding O
the O
central O
bank O
would O
not O
curb O
growth O
provided O
inflation O
remains O
in O
check O
. O

Earlier O
in O
the O
day O
, O
Fed B-ORG
chairman O
Alan B-PER
Greenspan I-PER
said O
at O
the O
annual O
Jackson B-MISC
Hole I-MISC
symposium I-MISC
that O
the O
goal O
of O
price O
stability O
is O
within O
reach O
for O
major O
nations O
. O

Traders O
said O
the O
Fed B-ORG
's O
decision O
to O
adopt O
a O
tightening O
bias O
at O
the O
July O
FOMC B-ORG
meeting O
has O
cast O
more O
focus O
on O
every O
piece O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
economic O
news O
. O

" O
The O
Fed B-ORG
's O
stance O
has O
really O
sensitized O
us O
to O
all O
this O
data O
, O
" O
one O
analyst O
said O
. O
" O

The O
revisions O
to O
GDP O
, O
for O
example O
, O
may O
not O
have O
attracted O
a O
lot O
of O
attention O
. O
" O

At O
the O
end O
of O
pit O
trade O
, O
December O
bonds O
were O
off O
27/32 O
at O
106-25/32 O
, O
10-year O
notes O
down O
21/32 O
at O
105-17/32 O
, O
munibonds O
off O
17/32 O
at O
111-20/32 O
, O
December O
Eurodollars B-MISC
were O
down O
11 O
bps O
at O
93.94 O
, O
March O
Eurodollars B-MISC
were O
off O
13 O
bps O
at O
93.72 O
and O
March O
T-bills O
were O
down O
12 O
bps O
at O
94.33 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Douglas B-ORG
& I-ORG
Lomason I-ORG
shares O
rise O
on O
merger O
. O

FARMINGTON B-LOC
HILLS I-LOC
, O
Mich B-LOC
. O

1996-08-30 O

Shares O
of O
Douglas B-ORG
& I-ORG
Lomason I-ORG
Co I-ORG
were O
up O
4-1/2 O
at O
30-5/8 O
Friday O
afternoon O
after O
Thursday O
's O
announcement O
that O
the O
vehicle O
seat O
maker O
had O
agreed O
to O
be O
acquired O
by O
Magna B-ORG
International I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
for O
$ O
31 O
a O
share O
, O
or O
$ O
135 O
million O
. O

Magna B-ORG
was O
up O
1/8 O
to O
48-1/4 O
on O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
. O

Douglas B-ORG
& I-ORG
Lomason I-ORG
has O
4.45 O
million O
common O
shares O
outstanding O
, O
some O
of O
which O
are O
option O
shares O
to O
be O
purchased O
at O
exercise O
prices O
less O
than O
the O
$ O
31 O
offered O
price O
. O

The O
acquisition O
will O
beef O
up O
Markham B-ORG
, O
Ontario-based B-MISC
Magna B-ORG
's O
North B-MISC
American I-MISC
car O
and O
truck O
seating O
business O
, O
allowing O
it O
to O
better O
compete O
with O
Johnson B-ORG
Controls I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
and O
Lear B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

Family-controlled O
Douglas B-ORG
& I-ORG
Lomason I-ORG
, O
which O
had O
1995 O
revenue O
of O
$ O
561 O
million O
, O
was O
finding O
it O
more O
difficult O
to O
compete O
for O
new O
seating O
contracts O
from O
vehicle O
makers O
, O
said O
James B-PER
Hoey I-PER
, O
chief O
financial O
officer O
. O

" O
Unfortunately O
, O
in O
the O
auto O
industry O
these O
days O
, O
a O
$ O
500 O
million O
company O
is O
not O
a O
big O
company O
anymore O
, O
" O
Hoey B-PER
said O
. O
" O

This O
merger O
makes O
us O
much O
more O
competitive O
. O
" O

He O
added O
that O
Douglas B-ORG
& I-ORG
Lomason I-ORG
's O
top O
executives O
have O
been O
asked O
to O
stay O
on O
with O
Magna B-ORG
after O
the O
merger O
, O
though O
their O
future O
roles O
have O
not O
yet O
been O
defined O
. O

Douglas B-ORG
& I-ORG
Lomason I-ORG
's O
profits O
were O
hurt O
in O
the O
past O
year O
by O
model O
changeovers O
, O
which O
had O
reduced O
production O
at O
some O
important O
customers O
, O
but O
are O
now O
recovering O
, O
analysts O
said O
. O

The O
company O
earned O
$ O
11.2 O
million O
on O
sales O
of O
$ O
299 O
million O
in O
the O
first O
six O
months O
of O
1996 O
, O
up O
from O
year-earlier O
earnings O
of O
$ O
4.7 O
million O
on O
sales O
of O
$ O
285.7 O
million O
. O

Ford B-ORG
plans O
to O
cut O
its O
roster O
of O
2,300 O
tier-one O
suppliers O
-- O
those O
it O
deals O
with O
directly O
-- O
in O
half O
over O
the O
next O
five O
years O
. O

" O
The O
deal O
really O
levels O
the O
seating O
field O
somewhat O
, O
" O
said O
John B-PER
Casesa I-PER
of O
Schroder B-ORG
Wertheim I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O
" O

It O
should O
give O
Magna B-ORG
the O
critical O
mass O
to O
be O
a O
bigger O
player O
in O
that O
market O
. O
" O

Magna B-ORG
's O
traditional O
strength O
has O
been O
instrument O
panels O
, O
door O
panels O
and O
other O
interior O
components O
. O

Magna B-ORG
, O
Johnson B-ORG
Controls I-ORG
and O
Lear B-ORG
have O
been O
working O
to O
build O
up O
their O
capabilties O
to O
supply O
complete O
interiors O
to O
automakers O
, O
including O
seats O
, O
instrument O
panels O
, O
door O
panels O
carpeting O
and O
headliners O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

UK B-LOC
meals O
/ O
feeds O
follow O
Chicago B-LOC
higher O
, O
trade O
slow O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

UK B-LOC
meals O
and O
feeds O
sellers O
marked O
up O
high O
protein O
soymeal O
by O
around O
1.50 O
stg O
a O
tonne O
on O
Friday O
following O
gains O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
at O
Thursday O
's O
close O
. O

Trade O
was O
very O
quiet O
with O
only O
one O
deal O
reported O
when O
spot O
high O
protein O
soymeal O
fetched O
215 O
stg O
a O
tonne O
ex-store O
on O
the O
south O
coast O
. O

" O
I O
would O
n't O
get O
too O
excited O
about O
this O
one O
becuase O
I O
think O
it O
's O
for O
all O
of O
five O
tonnes O
, O
which O
when O
you O
think O
about O
just O
about O
sums O
up O
the O
state O
of O
the O
market O
at O
the O
moment O
, O
" O
said O
a O
trader O
. O

-- O
Jim B-PER
Ballantyne I-PER
, O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
8062 O

-DOCSTART- O

Iraqi B-MISC
captors O
of O
Sudanese B-MISC
jet O
charged O
with O
hijack O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Seven O
Iraqis B-MISC
who O
seized O
a O
Sudanese B-MISC
airliner O
with O
199 O
people O
aboard O
and O
forced O
it O
to O
fly O
to O
London B-LOC
were O
on O
Friday O
charged O
with O
hijack O
, O
ending O
speculation O
that O
they O
might O
be O
offered O
immediate O
asylum O
in O
Britain B-LOC
. O

Police O
said O
the O
seven O
men O
, O
who O
freed O
all O
their O
hostages O
after O
the O
plane O
landed O
at O
Stansted B-LOC
airport O
on O
Tuesday O
and O
then O
appealed O
for O
asylum O
, O
would O
appear O
in O
court O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
Iraqis B-MISC
claimed O
they O
were O
" O
ordinary O
people O
persecuted O
by O
the O
regime O
of O
Saddam B-PER
( O
Hussein B-PER
) O
" O
but O
interior B-ORG
ministry I-ORG
officials O
had O
consistently O
said O
it O
was O
likely O
the O
seven O
would O
be O
charged O
with O
hijack O
before O
any O
plea O
for O
asylum O
was O
considered O
. O

Under O
English B-MISC
law O
the O
maximum O
sentence O
for O
hijack O
is O
life O
imprisonment O
, O
but O
there O
has O
been O
widespread O
speculation O
that O
the O
seven O
will O
receive O
lesser O
sentences O
and O
then O
be O
allowed O
to O
stay O
rather O
than O
being O
sent O
back O
to O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

The O
hijack O
began O
on O
Monday O
when O
an O
Amman-bound B-MISC
plane O
was O
taken O
over O
shortly O
after O
it O
took O
off O
from O
Khartoum B-LOC
. O

The O
hijackers O
threatened O
to O
blow O
it O
up O
during O
a O
refuelling O
stop O
in O
Cyprus B-LOC
unless O
they O
were O
taken O
to O
London B-LOC
. O

After O
a O
search O
of O
the O
aircraft O
following O
the O
hijackers O
' O
surrender O
, O
police O
found O
only O
knives O
and O
fake O
explosives O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Late O
bond O
market O
prices O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

This O
is O
how O
major O
world O
bond O
markets O
were O
trading O
in O
late O
European B-MISC
business O
on O
Friday O
. O

GERMANY B-LOC
- O
Bunds O
extended O
losses O
, O
flirting O
with O
session O
lows O
after O
falling O
victim O
to O
sharply O
higher O
U.S. B-LOC
economic O
data O
which O
revived O
fears O
that O
interest O
rates O
may O
soon O
turn O
higher O
. O

The O
September O
Bund O
future O
on O
the O
London B-ORG
International I-ORG
Financial I-ORG
Futures I-ORG
and I-ORG
Options I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
LIFFE B-ORG
) O
was O
trading O
at O
97.18 O
, O
down O
0.20 O
from O
Thursday O
's O
settlement O
price O
. O

BRITAIN B-LOC
- O
Gilts O
struggled O
off O
the O
day O
's O
lows O
but O
ended O
10/32 O
down O
on O
the O
day O
. O

A O
sharp O
plunge O
in O
U.S. B-ORG
Treasuries I-ORG
after O
a O
shock O
rise O
in O
the O
Chicago B-MISC
PMI I-MISC
pulled O
gilts O
lower O
, O
but O
traders O
said O
the O
market O
was O
nervous O
anyway O
ahead O
of O
August O
MO O
data O
and O
the O
PMI O
survey O
due O
on O
Monday O
. O

The O
September O
long O
gilt O
future O
on O
LIFFE B-ORG
was O
trading O
at O
107-2/32 O
, O
down O
8/32 O
from O
Thursday O
's O
settlement O
price O
. O

FRANCE B-LOC
- O
Bond O
and O
PIBOR O
futures O
ended O
the O
day O
higher O
despite O
much O
stronger O
than O
expected O
U.S. B-LOC
data O
. O

The O
September O
notional O
bond O
future O
on O
the O
MATIF O
in O
Paris B-LOC
settled O
at O
123.14 O
, O
up O
0.04 O
from O
Thursday O
's O
settlement O
price O
. O

ITALY B-LOC
- O
Bond O
futures O
held O
to O
easier O
levels O
in O
late O
afternoon O
after O
the O
sharp O
drop O
in O
Treasuries B-ORG
, O
but O
a O
resilient O
lira O
helped O
limit O
BTP O
losses O
. O

The O
September O
bond O
future O
on O
LIFFE B-ORG
was O
trading O
at O
115.45 O
, O
down O
0.13 O
from O
Thursday O
's O
settlement O
price O
. O

UNITED B-LOC
STATES I-LOC
- O
Prices O
of O
U.S. B-ORG
Treasury I-ORG
securities O
were O
trading O
sharply O
lower O
near O
midday O
after O
a O
surprisingly O
strong O
Chicago B-ORG
Purchasing I-ORG
Managers I-ORG
' O
report O
shook O
the O
markets O
ahead O
of O
the O
long O
Labour B-MISC
Day I-MISC
weekend O
. O

The O
September O
Treasury B-ORG
bond O
future O
on O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
Board I-ORG
of I-ORG
Trade I-ORG
was O
trading O
at O
107-11/32 O
, O
down O
26/32 O
from O
Thursday O
's O
settlement O
price O
. O

The O
long O
bond O
was O
quoted O
to O
yield O
7.12 O
percent O
. O

JAPAN B-LOC
- O
Yield O
for O
benchmark O
182nd O
cash O
bond O
fell O
on O
buy-backs O
following O
weaker-than-expected O
industrial O
output O
data O
, O
which O
convinced O
traders O
the O
BOJ B-ORG
would O
not O
raise O
interest O
rates O
soon O
. O

Japanese B-MISC
Goverment I-MISC
Bonds I-MISC
futures O
which O
closed O
before O
the O
output O
data O
, O
lost O
much O
of O
day O
's O
gains O
as O
Tokyo B-LOC
stock O
prices O
recovered O
from O
the O
day O
's O
low.In O
after O
hours O
trading O
the O
September O
future O
on O
LIFFE B-ORG
was O
trading O
at O
122.53 O
, O
up O
0.26 O
from O
Thursday O
's O
settlement O
price O
on O
the O
Tokyo B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
. O

EUROBONDS B-MISC
- O
Primary O
market O
activity O
was O
sharply O
lower O
, O
as O
players O
wound O
down O
ahead O
of O
Monday O
's O
U.S. B-LOC
Labour B-MISC
Day I-MISC
holiday O
and O
next O
week O
's O
U.S. B-LOC
employment O
data O
. O

NSW B-ORG
Treasury I-ORG
launched O
a O
A$ B-MISC
100 O
million O
three-year O
discount O
bond O
aimed O
at O
Japanese B-MISC
investors O
. O

DNIB B-ORG
issued O
a O
275 O
million O
Norwegian B-MISC
crown O
bond O
, O
which O
was O
pre-placed O
with O
a O
European B-MISC
institution O
. O

DNIB B-ORG
also O
set O
a O
110 O
million O
guilder O
step-up O
bond O
. O

Next O
week O
Kansai B-ORG
Electric I-ORG
Power I-ORG
and O
Kansai B-ORG
International I-ORG
Airport I-ORG
are O
likely O
to O
launch O
10-year O
dollar O
deals O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Boxing-Bruno B-MISC
quits O
on O
doctor O
's O
advice O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Former O
world O
heavyweight O
champion O
Frank B-PER
Bruno I-PER
has O
quit O
the O
ring O
on O
medical O
advice O
, O
Britain B-LOC
's O
Sun B-ORG
newspaper O
reported O
on O
Friday O
. O

An O
eye O
specialist O
told O
the O
35-year-old O
Bruno B-PER
that O
he O
could O
be O
blinded O
in O
one O
eye O
if O
he O
boxed O
again O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

The O
Briton B-MISC
, O
who O
lost O
his O
World B-ORG
Boxing I-ORG
Council I-ORG
( O
WBC B-ORG
) O
title O
to O
Mike B-PER
Tyson I-PER
in O
March O
, O
said O
: O
" O
I O
was O
in O
shock O
as O
soon O
as O
he O
told O
me O
and O
it O
still O
has O
n't O
really O
sunk O
in O
. O

" O
I O
never O
wanted O
to O
end O
like O
this O
but O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
day O
I O
'm O
glad O
I O
had O
a O
good O
innings O
. O
" O

Bruno B-PER
, O
for O
years O
one O
of O
Britain B-LOC
's O
most O
popular O
sportsmen O
, O
had O
hoped O
to O
have O
another O
shot O
at O
the O
world O
title O
and O
had O
been O
in O
training O
until O
a O
routine O
eye O
test O
on O
Monday O
highlighted O
a O
problem O
with O
his O
right O
eye O
. O

Professor O
David B-PER
McLeod I-PER
, O
who O
examined O
Bruno B-PER
, O
told O
the O
Sun B-ORG
: O
" O
There O
is O
a O
risk O
he O
could O
be O
blinded O
in O
the O
eye O
if O
he O
steps O
into O
the O
ring O
again O
. O

He O
is O
in O
danger O
of O
getting O
a O
retinal O
detachment O
and O
there O
is O
no O
point O
in O
exposing O
himself O
to O
that O
. O
" O

Bruno B-PER
lost O
three O
world O
title O
fights O
before O
finally O
landing O
the O
crown O
by O
beating O
American B-MISC
Oliver B-PER
McCall I-PER
in O
a O
unanimous O
points O
decision O
at O
Wembley B-LOC
in O
September O
1995 O
. O

He O
was O
only O
the O
third O
Briton B-MISC
ever O
to O
hold O
a O
world O
heavyweight O
title O
. O

But O
Bruno B-PER
lost O
the O
title O
on O
his O
first O
defence O
when O
he O
fought O
American B-MISC
Tyson B-PER
in O
Las B-LOC
Vegas I-LOC
. O

Bruno B-PER
suffered O
a O
cut O
eye O
in O
the O
opening O
round O
and O
the O
referee O
stopped O
the O
fight O
in O
the O
third O
as O
the O
Briton B-MISC
crumbled O
under O
a O
flurry O
of O
punches O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Soccer O
- O
McCarthy B-PER
names O
team O
to O
play O
Liechtenstein B-LOC
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Irish B-MISC
soccer O
manager O
Mick B-PER
McCarthy I-PER
on O
Friday O
announced O
the O
team O
to O
play O
Liechtenstein B-LOC
in O
Saturday O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifying O
match O
. O

Birmingham B-ORG
's O
Gary B-PER
Breen I-PER
was O
selected O
ahead O
of O
Phil B-PER
Babb I-PER
in O
defence O
, O
while O
18-year-old O
Ian B-PER
Harte I-PER
makes O
his O
international O
competitive O
debut O
. O

Keith B-PER
O'Neill I-PER
of O
Norwich B-ORG
City I-ORG
joins O
Niall B-PER
Quinn I-PER
up O
front O
. O

The O
team O
is O
as O
follows O
: O

Given B-PER
, O
Breen B-PER
, O
Staunton B-PER
, O
Irwin B-PER
, O
McAteer B-PER
, O
Harte B-PER
, O
McLoughlin B-PER
, O
Houghton B-PER
, O
Townsend B-PER
, O
Quinn B-PER
, O
O'Neill B-PER
. O

-- O
Dublin B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+353 O
1 O
676 O
9779 O

-DOCSTART- O

Nigerian B-MISC
thieves O
hire O
police O
truck O
to O
carry O
loot O
. O

LAGOS B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

A O
gang O
of O
thieves O
in O
eastern O
Nigeria B-LOC
paid O
a O
police O
corporal O
to O
carry O
off O
eight O
air O
conditioners O
they O
had O
just O
stolen O
, O
the O
national O
news O
agency O
reported O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
Little O
did O
I O
know O
I O
was O
dealing O
with O
robbers O
, O
" O
the O
News B-ORG
Agency I-ORG
of I-ORG
Nigeria I-ORG
quoted O
the O
unnamed O
corporal O
as O
saying O
. O

He O
admitted O
to O
having O
been O
paid O
3,000 O
naira O
( O
$ O
37.50 O
) O
for O
his O
services O
in O
transporting O
the O
loot O
valued O
at O
300,000 O
naira O
( O
$ O
3,750 O
) O
. O

Police O
in O
the O
town O
of O
Uyo B-LOC
said O
the O
corporal O
had O
been O
arrested O
, O
while O
the O
air O
conditioners O
had O
been O
returned O
to O
their O
rightful O
owner O
. O

They O
did O
not O
comment O
on O
the O
whereabouts O
of O
the O
thieves O
. O

( O
$ O
1=80 O
naira O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

East B-ORG
Dries I-ORG
miners O
fail O
to O
report O
for O
work O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Workers O
at O
Driefontein B-ORG
Consolidated I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
's O
east O
gold O
mine O
have O
failed O
to O
report O
for O
work O
since O
Wednesday O
night O
, O
mine O
managers O
Gold B-ORG
Fields I-ORG
of I-ORG
South I-ORG
Africa I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
Discussions O
with O
employee O
and O
union O
representatives O
are O
continuing O
, O
" O
the O
company O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

It O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

At O
least O
17 O
miners O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
labour O
unrest O
-- O
sparked O
by O
ethnic O
differences O
-- O
at O
Driefontein B-ORG
Consolidated I-ORG
and I-ORG
Gold I-ORG
Fields I-ORG
' I-ORG
Kloof I-ORG
Gold I-ORG
Mining I-ORG
Co I-ORG
this O
month O
. O

-- O
Johannesburg B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+27-11 O
482 O
1003 O

-DOCSTART- O

Chad B-LOC
government O
closes O
university O
after O
protests O
. O

N'DJAMENA B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
government O
of O
Chad B-LOC
has O
closed O
N'Djamena B-ORG
University I-ORG
after O
two O
days O
of O
protests O
over O
grant O
arrears O
in O
which O
Education O
Minister O
Nagoum B-PER
Yamassoum I-PER
was O
held O
hostage O
for O
four O
hours O
, O
state O
radio O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
The O
minister O
and O
his O
colleagues O
who O
were O
held O
in O
the O
rector O
's O
office O
were O
freed O
thanks O
an O
intervention O
by O
gendarmes O
, O
" O
one O
university O
official O
said O
. O

" O
Angry O
students O
cut O
the O
telephone O
, O
water O
and O
electricity O
of O
the O
university O
offices O
before O
smashing O
the O
windows O
and O
breaking O
down O
the O
doors O
. O
" O

Paramilitary O
police O
detained O
more O
than O
120 O
students O
in O
the O
protest O
. O

The O
students O
' O
union O
said O
second O
and O
third-year O
students O
were O
demanding O
four O
months O
of O
unpaid O
grants O
. O

End-of-year O
examinations O
would O
go O
ahead O
on O
September O
2 O
despite O
the O
closure O
, O
university O
officials O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Yeltsin B-PER
endorses O
Lebed B-PER
Chechnya B-LOC
peace O
plan O
- O
agency O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Russian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Viktor B-PER
Chernomyrdin I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
, O
who O
is O
vacationing O
outside O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
had O
backed O
security O
chief O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
's O
peace O
plan O
for O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

" O
Lebed B-PER
is O
now O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
solving O
some O
problems O
, O
" O
Interfax B-ORG
quoted O
Chernomyrdin B-PER
as O
saying O
. O
" O

The O
main O
thing O
is O
his O
programme O
. O

It O
was O
agreed O
with O
Boris B-PER
Nikolayevich I-PER
( O
Yeltsin B-PER
) O
yesterday O
. O
" O

Lebed B-PER
, O
whom O
Yeltsin B-PER
ordered O
to O
restore O
peace O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
struck O
a O
military O
deal O
with O
separatist O
rebels O
last O
week O
ending O
the O
worst O
fighting O
in O
the O
region O
in O
more O
than O
a O
year O
. O

He O
later O
discussed O
with O
rebel O
chief-of-staff O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
a O
framework O
political O
agreement O
to O
tackle O
the O
most O
painful O
issue O
of O
the O
20-month O
war O
-- O
the O
future O
political O
status O
of O
Chechnya B-LOC
. O

Lebed B-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
he O
hoped O
to O
sign O
a O
document O
with O
the O
rebels O
later O
in O
the O
day O
which O
would O
deal O
with O
the O
political O
settlement O
of O
the O
conflict O
. O

Moscow B-LOC
, O
which O
wants O
to O
keep O
Chechnya B-LOC
as O
a O
part O
of O
the O
Russian B-LOC
Federation I-LOC
, O
sent O
troops O
to O
the O
region O
in O
December O
1994 O
to O
quell O
its O
independence O
bid O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
has O
said O
any O
deal O
should O
preserve O
Russia B-LOC
's O
territorial O
integrity O
. O

Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
quoted O
Lebed B-PER
as O
saying O
that O
he O
would O
suggest O
to O
the O
rebels O
that O
the O
decision O
on O
Chechnya B-LOC
's O
future O
political O
status O
be O
deferred O
by O
up O
to O
10 O
years O
. O

Lebed B-PER
said O
he O
had O
a O
telephone O
conversation O
with O
Yeltsin B-PER
late O
on O
Thursday O
but O
gave O
no O
details O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
's O
press O
office O
could O
not O
confirm O
the O
call O
. O

Chernomyrdin B-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
after O
a O
meeting O
with O
Lebed B-PER
and O
top O
officials O
, O
who O
discussed O
Lebed B-PER
's O
plans O
to O
restore O
peace O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
that O
it O
needed O
more O
work O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Lebed B-PER
, O
Chechens B-MISC
sign O
framework O
political O
deal O
. O

KHASAVYURT B-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Russian B-MISC
peacemaker O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
said O
he O
and O
rebel O
military O
leader O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
agreed O
after O
overnight O
talks O
to O
defer O
the O
decision O
on O
whether O
Chechnya B-LOC
should O
be O
independent O
until O
December O
31 O
, O
2001 O
. O

" O
We O
just O
now O
signed O
a O
statement O
and O
attached O
the O
basic O
principles O
of O
relations O
between O
the O
Russian B-LOC
Federation I-LOC
and O
the O
Chechen B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
, O
" O
Lebed B-PER
told O
reporters O
after O
he O
and O
Maskhadov B-PER
signed O
a O
package O
of O
documents O
. O

He O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

" O
That O
's O
it O
, O
the O
war O
is O
over O
, O
" O
Lebed B-PER
told O
reporters O
who O
witnessed O
the O
signing O
. O

Lebed B-PER
said O
he O
and O
Maskhadov B-PER
agreed O
to O
defer O
by O
more O
than O
five O
years O
the O
painful O
issue O
of O
Chechnya B-LOC
's O
political O
status O
. O

" O
Then O
, O
with O
cool O
heads O
, O
calmly O
and O
soberly O
we O
will O
sort O
out O
our O
relations O
, O
" O
Lebed B-PER
said O
after O
the O
late-night O
signing O
ceremony O
in O
this O
settlement O
outside O
Chechnya B-LOC
's O
eastern O
border O
. O

Tens O
of O
thousands O
of O
people O
have O
died O
in O
the O
war O
, O
begun O
in O
late O
1994 O
after O
Moscow B-LOC
sent O
troops O
to O
quell O
Chechnya B-LOC
's O
independence O
bid O
. O

But O
Russia B-LOC
failed O
to O
win O
control O
over O
the O
whole O
of O
Chechnya B-LOC
and O
its O
troops O
suffered O
several O
humiliating O
defeats O
. O

President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
ordered O
Lebed B-PER
to O
restore O
peace O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
and O
gave O
him O
unspecified O
sweeping O
powers O
to O
carry O
out O
the O
mission O
. O

Prime O
Minister O
Viktor B-PER
Chernomyrdin I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
Yeltsin B-PER
backed O
a O
package O
of O
proposals O
Lebed B-PER
took O
to O
the O
talks O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ruling O
Moslem B-MISC
party O
ends O
vote O
boycott O
. O

SARAJEVO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Bosnia B-LOC
's O
ruling O
Moslem B-MISC
nationalist O
party O
on O
Friday O
called O
on O
its O
refugee O
voters O
to O
end O
a O
boycott O
of O
absentee O
balloting O
in O
national O
elections O
, O
citing O
assurances O
provided O
by O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
envoy O
, O
government O
radio O
said O
. O

The O
Bosnian B-MISC
government O
radio O
broadcast O
said O
U.S. B-LOC
Assistant O
Secretary O
of O
State O
John B-PER
Kornblum I-PER
had O
reassured O
SDA B-ORG
officials O
, O
including O
presumably O
its O
leader O
, O
Bosnian B-MISC
President O
Alija B-PER
Izetbegovic I-PER
, O
whom O
he O
met O
during O
a O
Friday O
visit O
. O

But O
the O
radio O
report O
did O
not O
specify O
what O
guarantees O
, O
if O
any O
, O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
envoy O
had O
provided O
. O

Absentee O
voting O
in O
the O
elections O
began O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
August O
28 O
and O
runs O
for O
a O
week O
. O

Election O
day O
for O
those O
living O
inside O
Bosnia B-LOC
is O
September O
14 O
. O

The O
Party B-ORG
of I-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Action I-ORG
( O
SDA B-ORG
) O
had O
called O
on O
Wednesday O
for O
its O
followers O
abroad O
to O
boycott O
the O
absentee O
balloting O
because O
of O
voter O
registration O
irregularities O
, O
especially O
among O
Serb B-MISC
refugees O
. O

The O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
( O
OSCE B-ORG
) O
postponed O
municipal O
elections O
as O
a O
result O
of O
the O
irregularities O
but O
decided O
to O
proceed O
with O
voting O
for O
higher O
offices O
. O

The O
SDA B-ORG
, O
joined O
by O
two O
other O
parties O
, O
has O
been O
demanding O
that O
OSCE B-ORG
prohibit O
refugees O
voting O
from O
any O
place O
other O
than O
their O
pre-war O
place O
of O
residence O
as O
a O
means O
to O
prevent O
the O
elections O
from O
ratifying O
the O
results O
of O
ethnic O
cleansing O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Belgrade B-LOC
airport O
runway O
repairs O
Sept O
21-26-agency O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Belgrade B-LOC
's O
main O
airport O
Aerodrom B-LOC
Beograd I-LOC
will O
be O
closed O
to O
traffic O
for O
runway O
maintenance O
and O
modernization O
from O
September O
21 O
to O
26 O
, O
the O
Yugoslav B-MISC
news O
agency O
Tanjug B-ORG
reported O
late O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
During O
the O
works O
, O
all O
flights O
will O
be O
re-routed O
to O
the O
nearby O
airport O
in O
Batajnica B-LOC
, O
with O
no O
change O
in O
schedules O
, O
" O
Tanjug B-ORG
quotes O
Belgrade B-LOC
airport O
General O
Director O
Ljubomir B-PER
Acimovic I-PER
as O
saying O
. O

The O
airport O
in O
Surcin B-LOC
will O
continue O
to O
carry O
out O
all O
other O
activities O
and O
has O
secured O
enough O
buses O
to O
transport O
passengers O
to O
Batajnica B-LOC
, O
Acimovic B-PER
said O
. O

The O
value O
of O
maintenance O
works O
, O
which O
will O
last O
120 O
hours O
straight O
, O
is O
20 O
million O
dinars O
and O
the O
funds O
have O
been O
secured O
by O
Belgrade B-LOC
airport O
, O
Tanjug B-ORG
said O
. O

The O
Batajnica B-LOC
airport O
will O
take O
over O
complete O
air O
traffic O
control O
during O
this O
period O
, O
Federal B-ORG
Air I-ORG
Traffic I-ORG
Control I-ORG
Administration I-ORG
Director O
Branko B-PER
Bilbija I-PER
said O
. O

-- O
Amra B-PER
Kevic I-PER
, O
Belgrade B-LOC
newsroom O
+381 O
11 O
2224305 O

-DOCSTART- O

Top O
Belarus B-LOC
politician O
blasts O
president O
. O

Larisa B-PER
Sayenko I-PER

MINSK B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

A O
senior O
Belarus B-LOC
politician O
accused O
President O
Alexander B-PER
Lukashenko I-PER
on O
Friday O
of O
attempting O
to O
set O
up O
a O
dictatorship O
in O
the O
former O
Soviet B-MISC
republic O
. O

The O
speaker O
of O
the O
Belarus B-LOC
parliament O
, O
Semyon B-PER
Sharetsky I-PER
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
that O
a O
draft O
constitution O
, O
due O
to O
be O
put O
to O
a O
national O
referendum O
on O
November O
7 O
, O
would O
dangerously O
increase O
the O
powers O
of O
the O
ruler O
. O

" O
The O
world O
community O
should O
not O
be O
indifferent O
to O
the O
fact O
that O
President O
Lukashenko B-PER
, O
who O
leads O
this O
European B-MISC
state O
of O
10 O
million O
people O
, O
is O
trying O
to O
establish O
a O
dictatorship O
with O
his O
new O
constitution O
, O
" O
Sharetsky B-PER
said O
. O

The O
new O
constitution O
calls O
for O
a O
two-chamber O
parliament O
with O
a O
110-seat O
majority-elected O
house O
of O
representatives O
and O
a O
regionally-represented O
senate O
with O
a O
third O
of O
its O
members O
named O
by O
the O
president O
. O

Lukashenko B-PER
's O
aides O
shrugged O
off O
Sharetsky B-PER
's O
charge O
. O
" O

If O
there O
was O
a O
dictatorship O
they O
would O
n't O
have O
the O
right O
to O
say O
things O
like O
this O
, O
" O
Sergei B-PER
Posukhov I-PER
, O
Lukashenko B-PER
's O
political O
adviser O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

" O
The O
people O
have O
asked O
us O
to O
establish O
order O
and O
that O
's O
our O
main O
aim O
. O
" O

Lukashenko B-PER
, O
41 O
, O
won O
presidential O
polls O
in O
1994 O
on O
promises O
to O
restore O
order O
, O
fight O
corruption O
and O
repair O
the O
strong O
links O
with O
Russia B-LOC
that O
were O
disrupted O
by O
the O
collapse O
of O
the O
Soviet B-LOC
Union I-LOC
. O

But O
during O
his O
period O
in O
office O
he O
has O
battled O
against O
nationalist O
opponents O
, O
trade O
unions O
and O
parliament O
and O
Sharetsky B-PER
said O
the O
current O
parliament O
was O
ready O
to O
try O
to O
impeach O
him O
. O

" O
This O
constitution O
, O
which O
has O
been O
prepared O
in O
secret O
, O
aims O
to O
gather O
all O
power O
in O
one O
man O
's O
hands O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

We O
should O
not O
be O
fooled O
by O
his O
quasi-democratic O
rhetoric O
and O
his O
methods O
, O
like O
this O
referendum O
. O
" O

Lukashenko B-PER
signed O
a O
pact O
with O
Moscow B-LOC
in O
April O
to O
create O
a O
strong O
economic O
and O
political O
union O
which O
he O
believes O
could O
grow O
into O
a O
federation O
. O

But O
nationalist O
groups O
, O
scared O
by O
the O
prospect O
of O
renewed O
Moscow B-LOC
domination O
and O
Russia B-LOC
's O
backing O
for O
Lukashenko B-PER
, O
protested O
against O
the O
deal O
. O

Lukashenko B-PER
responded O
by O
cracking O
down O
on O
the O
nationalist O
opposition O
and O
jailing O
nearly O
200 O
people O
for O
taking O
part O
in O
demonstrations O
against O
the O
pact O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
last O
week O
granted O
political O
asylum O
to O
two O
opposition O
leaders O
, O
Zenon B-PER
Poznyak I-PER
and O
Sergei B-PER
Naumchik I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Tajik B-MISC
troops O
now O
control O
devastated O
town O
. O

Yuri B-PER
Kushko I-PER

TAVILDARA B-LOC
, O
Tajikistan B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Tajik B-MISC
government O
troops O
now O
control O
of O
the O
strategically O
vital O
town O
of O
Tavildara B-LOC
after O
driving O
out O
Islamic B-MISC
rebels O
, O
but O
sporadic O
gunfire O
still O
echoed O
in O
the O
nearby O
Pamir B-LOC
mountains O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
commander-in-chief O
of O
Tajikistan B-LOC
's O
armed O
forces O
, O
Major-General O
Nikolai B-PER
Sherbatov I-PER
, O
took O
a O
group O
of O
journalists O
by O
helicopter O
to O
the O
remote O
, O
and O
now O
devastated O
, O
town O
to O
show O
that O
his O
forces O
held O
it O
. O

He O
said O
his O
troops O
took O
Tavildara B-LOC
without O
casualties O
on O
August O
23 O
, O
but O
the O
crack O
of O
sniper O
and O
machinegun O
fire O
revealed O
the O
presence O
of O
opposition O
fighters O
in O
the O
surrounding O
mountains O
. O

Sherbatov B-PER
said O
the O
rebels O
were O
located O
about O
three O
km O
( O
two O
miles O
) O
east O
of O
Tavildara B-LOC
around O
the O
village O
of O
Layron B-LOC
. O

Tavildara B-LOC
, O
200 O
km O
( O
120 O
miles O
) O
east O
of O
the O
capital O
Dushanbe B-LOC
, O
was O
in O
ruins O
. O

Shells O
had O
smashed O
roofs O
and O
windows O
and O
empty O
shell O
cases O
littered O
the O
streets O
. O

The O
town O
straddles O
a O
strategically O
important O
road O
linking O
government O
and O
rebel-held O
territory O
and O
has O
fallen O
succesively O
to O
both O
sides O
in O
a O
bloody O
tug-of-war O
which O
began O
last O
February O
. O

Tajikistan B-LOC
, O
which O
borders O
Afghanistan B-LOC
and O
China B-LOC
, O
has O
been O
split O
by O
a O
dragging O
four-year O
conflict O
after O
a O
civil O
war O
between O
communists O
and O
a O
frail O
coalition O
of O
Islamic B-MISC
and O
liberal O
groups O
. O

Tens O
of O
thousands O
of O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
and O
many O
more O
have O
been O
displaced O
in O
the O
fighting O
, O
which O
breached O
a O
shaky O
United B-MISC
Nations-sponsored I-MISC
ceasefire O
. O

Tavildara B-LOC
is O
now O
apparently O
inhabited O
only O
by O
a O
few O
old O
men O
, O
women O
and O
their O
grubby O
, O
barefoot O
children O
. O

Fruit O
remained O
on O
the O
trees O
as O
there O
was O
no O
one O
to O
pick O
it O
. O

" O
Help O
me O
, O
help O
me O
, O
" O
said O
a O
chorus O
of O
women O
begging O
soldiers O
for O
food O
. O

The O
town O
's O
school O
and O
a O
shop O
doubling O
as O
a O
warehouse O
for O
humanitarian O
aid O
were O
destroyed O
in O
the O
fighting O
. O

" O
We O
had O
to O
build O
our O
own O
earth O
shelters O
to O
survive O
the O
fighting O
, O
" O
said O
Rajab B-PER
Adinayev I-PER
, O
a O
bearded O
elderly O
Tajik B-MISC
in O
a O
long O
white O
shirt O
. O

Although O
shy O
in O
front O
of O
the O
government O
soldiers O
, O
several O
inhabitants O
accused O
government O
forces O
of O
widespread O
looting O
of O
homes O
and O
livestock O
. O

They O
also O
said O
rebel O
fighters O
had O
looted O
medicines O
from O
the O
local O
hospital O
. O

One O
elderly O
man O
, O
who O
declined O
to O
give O
his O
name O
, O
said O
two O
of O
his O
sons O
were O
now O
refugees O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
and O
the O
other O
two O
had O
left O
to O
fight O
for O
the O
opposition O
. O

He O
also O
said O
government O
soldiers O
had O
raped O
the O
wife O
of O
one O
of O
his O
sons O
. O
" O

It O
's O
not O
important O
who O
holds O
this O
town O
, O
we O
just O
need O
to O
stop O
the O
war O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Polish B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
to O
visit O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Poland B-LOC
's O
Foreign O
Minister O
Dariusz B-PER
Rosati I-PER
will O
visit O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
on O
September O
3 O
and O
4 O
to O
revive O
a O
dialogue O
between O
the O
two O
governments O
which O
was O
effectively O
frozen O
in O
1992 O
, O
PAP B-ORG
news O
agency O
reported O
on O
Friday O
. O

During O
Rosati B-PER
's O
trip O
the O
two O
countries O
will O
sign O
an O
agreement O
on O
mutual O
protection O
of O
investments O
and O
a O
note O
easing O
conditions O
on O
the O
granting O
of O
visas O
, O
the O
agency O
quoted O
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
officials O
as O
saying O
. O

The O
Federal B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
of I-LOC
Yugoslavia I-LOC
is O
the O
only O
country O
of O
the O
former O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
where O
Poles B-MISC
currently O
require O
visas O
. O

They O
are O
also O
to O
clinch O
protocols O
on O
culture O
and O
understanding O
between O
the O
two O
foreign O
ministries O
. O

Rosati B-PER
will O
meet O
Serbian B-MISC
President O
Slobodan B-PER
Milosevic I-PER
and O
Yugoslav B-MISC
politicians O
in O
Belgrade B-LOC
, O
before O
visiting O
Montenegro B-LOC
. O

Poland B-LOC
revived O
diplomatic O
ties O
at O
ambassadorial O
level O
with O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
in O
April O
but O
economic O
links O
are O
almost O
moribund O
, O
despite O
the O
end O
of O
a O
three-year O
U.N. B-ORG
trade O
embargo O
imposed O
to O
punish O
Belgrade B-LOC
for O
its O
support O
of O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serbs I-MISC
. O

Poland B-LOC
is O
seeking O
pacts O
on O
avoiding O
double O
taxation O
and O
wants O
cooperation O
in O
fighting O
crime O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Yeltsin B-PER
visits O
wife O
Naina B-PER
in O
hospital O
- O
Interfax B-ORG
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Russian B-MISC
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
visited O
his O
wife O
Naina B-PER
in O
hospital O
on O
Friday O
evening O
, O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
quoted O
spokesman O
Sergei B-PER
Yastrzhembsky I-PER
as O
saying O
. O

Naina B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
had O
a O
kidney O
operation O
last O
Saturday O
. O

Earlier O
Russian B-MISC
news O
reports O
had O
said O
Yeltsin B-PER
's O
children O
and O
grandchildren O
had O
visited O
the O
Russian B-MISC
first O
lady O
but O
they O
said O
only O
that O
Yeltsin B-PER
, O
on O
vacation O
outside O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
had O
spoken O
to O
her O
by O
telephone O
. O

" O
Naina B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
looks O
well O
, O
she O
is O
active O
, O
she O
is O
clearly O
getting O
better O
, O
" O
Yastrzhembsky B-PER
quoted O
Yeltsin B-PER
as O
saying O
. O

Naina B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
is O
recovering O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
's O
Central B-LOC
Clinical I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
, O
where O
the O
president O
himself O
was O
treated O
twice O
last O
year O
for O
heart O
attacks O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
, O
65 O
, O
has O
been O
seen O
only O
rarely O
since O
he O
was O
elected O
for O
a O
second O
term O
in O
office O
on O
July O
3 O
, O
although O
his O
aides O
have O
denied O
a O
string O
of O
rumours O
that O
he O
has O
been O
taken O
ill O
again O
. O

Yastrzhembsky B-PER
said O
Yeltsin B-PER
had O
travelled O
from O
the O
hospital O
to O
spend O
the O
night O
at O
the O
Barvikha B-LOC
sanatorium O
outside O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

He O
was O
likely O
to O
return O
on O
Saturday O
to O
his O
holiday O
resort O
, O
a O
hunting O
lodge O
some O
100 O
km O
( O
60 O
miles O
) O
from O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Lebed B-PER
, O
Chechens B-MISC
start O
peace O
talks O
. O

KHASAVYURT B-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Russian B-MISC
peacemaker O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
and O
Chechen B-MISC
separatist O
military O
leader O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
started O
a O
new O
round O
of O
peace O
talks O
on O
Friday O
in O
this O
settlement O
just O
outside O
the O
rebel O
region O
. O

Lebed B-PER
, O
who O
flew O
into O
Chechnya B-LOC
earlier O
in O
the O
day O
, O
said O
he O
hoped O
to O
sign O
a O
framework O
agreement O
on O
a O
political O
settlement O
of O
the O
20-month O
conflict O
in O
which O
tens O
of O
thousands O
of O
people O
have O
died O
. O

Neither O
Lebed B-PER
nor O
Maskhadov B-PER
made O
any O
statement O
before O
the O
talks O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Russian B-MISC
judge O
stabbed O
to O
death O
over O
$ O
7 O
fine O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

A O
Moscow B-LOC
street O
vendor O
stabbed O
to O
death O
a O
woman O
judge O
in O
a O
city O
court O
on O
Friday O
after O
she O
fined O
him O
the O
equivalent O
of O
seven O
dollars O
for O
trading O
illegally O
, O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

Interfax B-ORG
said O
Judge O
Olga B-PER
Lavrentyeva I-PER
, O
28 O
, O
on O
Thursday O
ordered O
the O
confiscation O
of O
several O
overcoats O
, O
suits O
and O
shirts O
which O
vendor O
Valery B-PER
Ivankov I-PER
, O
41 O
, O
was O
illegally O
trading O
on O
Moscow B-LOC
streets O
and O
fined O
him O
38,000 O
roubles O
( O
seven O
dollars O
) O
. O

The O
next O
morning O
, O
Ivankov B-PER
appeared O
in O
the O
courtroom O
and O
stabbed O
Lavrentyeva B-PER
. O

The O
judge O
died O
later O
in O
hospital O
. O

Interfax B-ORG
quoted O
Levrentyeva B-PER
's O
colleagues O
as O
saying O
that O
judges O
were O
generally O
unprotected O
against O
criminal O
attacks O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Cofinec B-ORG
plunges O
on O
H1 O
results O
. O

Emese B-PER
Bartha I-PER

BUDAPEST B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Shares O
of O
France-registered B-MISC
printed O
packaging O
company O
Cofinec B-ORG
S.A. I-ORG
plunged O
sharply O
on O
the O
Budapest B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
BSE B-ORG
) O
on O
Friday O
, O
despite O
a O
mostly O
reassuring O
forecast O
by O
the O
group O
. O

Cofinec B-ORG
's O
Global O
Depositary O
Receipts O
( O
GDRs O
) O
opened O
at O
5,200 O
forints O
on O
the O
BSE B-MISC
, O
down O
600 O
from O
Thursday O
's O
close O
, O
following O
the O
release O
of O
its O
first O
half O
results O
this O
morning O
. O

Cofinec B-ORG
CEO O
Stephen B-PER
Frater I-PER
told O
reporters O
in O
a O
conference O
call O
from O
Vienna B-LOC
on O
Friday O
before O
the O
opening O
of O
the O
bourse O
that O
he O
expects O
a O
stronger O
second O
half O
, O
although O
the O
group O
will O
not O
be O
able O
to O
achieve O
its O
annual O
profit O
goal O
. O

" O
We O
will O
not O
achieve O
the O
full O
37 O
million O
French B-MISC
franc O
( O
net O
) O
profit O
forecast O
, O
" O
Frater B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Obviously O
, O
we O
cannot O
make O
up O
the O
unexpected O
decrease O
that O
has O
been O
experienced O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
the O
year O
. O
" O

Frater B-PER
declined O
to O
give O
a O
forecast O
for O
the O
full O
year O
, O
ahead O
of O
a O
supervisory O
board O
meeting O
next O
week O
. O

Cofinec B-ORG
, O
the O
first O
foreign O
company O
to O
list O
on O
the O
Budapest B-LOC
bourse O
, O
released O
its O
consolidated O
first O
half O
figures O
( O
IAS O
) O
this O
morning O
. O

In O
the O
conference O
call O
, O
Frater B-PER
said O
he O
regarded O
Cofinec B-ORG
GDRs O
-- O
which O
are O
trading O
below O
their O
issue O
price O
of O
6,425 O
forints O
-- O
as O
a O
buying O
opportunity O
. O

" O
Obviously O
, O
at O
some O
point O
it O
represents O
a O
buying O
opportunity O
, O
" O
Frater B-PER
said O
. O
" O

I O
think O
the O
reality O
is O
that O
we O
operate O
in O
emerging O
markets O
, O
emerging O
markets O
tend O
to O
be O
more O
volatile O
. O
" O

" O
My O
message O
is O
that O
the O
fundamental O
strategy O
of O
the O
company O
, O
its O
fundamental O
market O
position O
has O
not O
changed O
. O
" O

The O
group O
, O
which O
operates O
in O
Hungary B-LOC
, O
Poland B-LOC
and O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
, O
reported O
an O
operating O
profit O
before O
interest O
of O
21.8 O
million O
French B-MISC
francs O
compared O
to O
34.1 O
million O
in O
the O
same O
six O
months O
of O
1995 O
. O

Net O
profit O
for O
the O
January-June O
1996 O
period O
was O
2.1 O
million O
French B-MISC
francs O
, O
down O
from O
10.3 O
million O
in O
the O
first O
six O
months O
of O
1995 O
, O
with O
the O
bulk O
of O
this O
decline O
attributable O
to O
the O
performance O
of O
Petofi B-ORG
, O
one O
of O
its O
Hungarian B-MISC
units O
. O

Cofinec B-ORG
said O
Petofi B-ORG
general O
manager O
Laszlo B-PER
Sebesvari I-PER
had O
submitted O
his O
resignation O
and O
will O
be O
leaving O
Petofi B-ORG
but O
will O
remain O
on O
Petofi B-ORG
's O
board O
of O
directors O
. O

" O
Until O
a O
new O
general O
manager O
of O
Petofi B-ORG
is O
appointed O
... O

I O
will O
in O
fact O
move O
to O
Kecskemet B-LOC
( O
site O
of O
Petofi B-ORG
printing O
house O
) O
for O
the O
interim O
and O
will O
serve O
as O
acting O
chief O
executive O
officer O
of O
Petofi B-ORG
, O
" O
Frater B-PER
said O
. O

-- O
Budapest B-LOC
newsroom O
( O
36 O
1 O
) O
327 O
4040 O

-DOCSTART- O

Romania B-LOC
cen O
bank O
one-week O
rate O
rises O
to O
50.19 O
pct O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
National B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Romania I-ORG
( O
BNR B-ORG
) O
said O
its O
one-week O
refinancing O
rate O
has O
been O
lifted O
this O
week O
to O
50.19 O
percent O
from O
49 O
percent O
after O
two O
banks O
bids O
' O
exceeded O
its O
offer O
at O
Thursday O
's O
auction O
. O

The O
two O
banks O
entered O
bids O
totalling O
497.5 O
billion O
lei O
at O
rates O
ranging O
from O
49 O
to O
51 O
percent O
, O
against O
the O
BNR B-ORG
's O
offer O
of O
420 O
billion O
lei O
. O

Traders O
said O
that O
over O
the O
past O
few O
days O
the O
two O
major O
banks O
, O
keen O
to O
meet O
minimum O
reserve O
targets O
, O
also O
chased O
funds O
on O
the O
money O
market O
, O
being O
ready O
to O
gulp O
short-term O
money O
at O
rates O
up O
to O
49 O
percent O
. O

Other O
banks O
traded O
one-week O
rates O
near O
48 O
percent O
. O

-- O
Bucharest B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
40-1 O
3120264 O

-DOCSTART- O

Potent O
landmines O
found O
near O
Colombian B-MISC
presidency O
. O

BOGOTA B-LOC
, O
Colombia B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Eight O
claymore O
mines O
fitted O
with O
powerful O
C-4 O
plastic O
explosives O
were O
found O
stashed O
in O
a O
real O
estate O
office O
on O
Friday O
located O
about O
two O
blocks O
from O
Colombia B-LOC
's O
presidential O
palace O
, O
police O
said O
. O

" O
These O
are O
powerful O
weapons O
, O
" O
a O
spokesman O
with O
the O
Municipal B-ORG
Police I-ORG
told O
Reuters B-ORG
by O
telephone O
, O
adding O
that O
police O
had O
not O
ruled O
out O
a O
possible O
terrorist O
attack O
on O
the O
ornate O
Casa B-LOC
de I-LOC
Narino I-LOC
presidential O
palace O
in O
Bogota B-LOC
's O
historic O
downtown O
area O
. O

" O
They O
could O
cause O
serious O
damage O
as O
much O
as O
500 O
meters O
( O
yards O
) O
away O
from O
wherever O
they O
were O
detonated O
, O
" O
the O
spokesman O
added O
. O

He O
said O
police O
backed O
by O
explosive O
experts O
were O
combing O
the O
area O
in O
search O
of O
other O
possible O
weapons O
or O
explosive O
devices O
. O

The O
police O
spokeman O
said O
plastic O
explosive O
like O
C-4 O
is O
not O
a O
normal O
component O
in O
claymore O
mines O
. O

But O
he O
said O
the O
eight O
mines O
seized O
by O
police O
had O
been O
" O
specially O
adapted O
. O
" O

The O
spokesman O
declined O
further O
comment O
, O
except O
to O
say O
that O
two O
women O
and O
a O
man O
identified O
as O
a O
lawyer O
had O
been O
arrested O
in O
connection O
with O
the O
landmines O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Assault O
charges O
dropped O
against O
Surinam B-LOC
ex-rebel O
. O

PARAMARIBO B-LOC
, O
Surinam B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Flamboyant O
former O
Surinamese B-MISC
guerrilla O
leader O
Ronny B-PER
Brunswijk I-PER
walked O
free O
on O
Friday O
after O
charges O
of O
attempted O
murder O
were O
dropped O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Brunswijk B-PER
had O
been O
in O
police O
custody O
for O
10 O
days O
after O
Freddy B-PER
Pinas I-PER
, O
a O
Surinamese-born B-MISC
visitor O
from O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
, O
accused O
Brunswijk B-PER
of O
trying O
to O
kill O
him O
in O
a O
bar-room O
brawl O
in O
the O
mining O
town O
of O
Moengo B-LOC
56 O
miles O
( O
90 O
km O
) O
east O
of O
Paramaribo B-LOC
. O

Brunswijk B-PER
, O
35 O
, O
denied O
the O
charge O
and O
reached O
an O
agreement O
with O
Pinas B-PER
after O
replacing O
a O
golden O
necklace O
lost O
in O
the O
scuffle O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second O
time O
Brunswijk B-PER
had O
been O
charged O
with O
attempted O
murder O
in O
less O
than O
two O
years O
. O

In O
1994 O
he O
served O
two O
months O
for O
shooting O
a O
thief O
in O
the O
backside O
. O

Brunswijk B-PER
, O
who O
led O
a O
rebel O
group O
against O
the O
military O
regime O
of O
Desi B-PER
Bouterse I-PER
in O
the O
late O
1980s O
, O
is O
now O
a O
successful O
businessman O
with O
mining O
and O
logging O
interests O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Cambodian B-MISC
opposition O
newspaper O
editor O
pardoned O
. O

PHNOM B-LOC
PENH I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Cambodia B-LOC
's O
King O
Norodom B-PER
Sihanouk I-PER
on O
Friday O
gave O
a O
royal O
pardon O
to O
an O
opposition O
newspaper O
editor O
who O
had O
alleged O
top-level O
corruption O
. O

Hen B-PER
Vipheak I-PER
, O
former O
editor O
of O
the O
Sereipheap B-ORG
Thmei I-ORG
( O
New B-ORG
Liberty I-ORG
) O
newspaper O
, O
stepped O
through O
the O
gates O
of O
the O
run-down O
French B-MISC
colonial-era O
T3 B-LOC
prison O
late O
Friday O
afternoon O
, O
following O
intervention O
on O
his O
behalf O
by O
King O
Sihanouk B-PER
. O

The O
Supreme B-ORG
Court I-ORG
had O
on O
August O
23 O
sent O
the O
opposition O
Khmer B-ORG
Nation I-ORG
Party I-ORG
steering O
committee O
member O
to O
jail O
after O
upholding O
rulings O
by O
the O
municipal O
and O
appeal O
courts O
that O
handed O
down O
a O
five O
million O
riels O
( O
$ O
2,000 O
) O
fine O
and O
one O
year O
's O
imprisonment O
. O

The O
judge O
overturned O
a O
decision O
to O
shut O
down O
Hen B-PER
Vipheak I-PER
's O
newspaper O
. O

The O
editor O
was O
prosecuted O
following O
a O
May O
1995 O
article O
alleging O
top-level O
corruption O
. O

Sihanouk B-PER
promised O
an O
amnesty O
to O
Hen B-PER
Vipheak I-PER
, O
along O
with O
fellow O
KNP B-ORG
member O
and O
journalist O
Chan B-PER
Rattana I-PER
, O
who O
was O
released O
after O
serving O
a O
week O
of O
a O
year-long O
jail O
term O
in O
June O
. O

Co-Premiers O
Prince O
Norodom B-PER
Ranariddh I-PER
and O
Hun B-PER
Sen I-PER
agreed O
earlier O
this O
week O
to O
the O
king O
's O
request O
for O
an O
amnesty O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Far B-LOC
East I-LOC
Gold O
- O
Moribund O
market O
seen O
continuing O
. O

Mishi B-PER
Saran I-PER

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Far B-LOC
East I-LOC
gold O
traders O
thumped O
foreheads O
in O
frustration O
at O
the O
market O
's O
foot-dragging O
this O
week O
and O
forecast O
on O
Friday O
that O
next O
week O
would O
not O
be O
much O
better O
. O

The O
Southeast B-MISC
Asian I-MISC
gold O
market O
was O
more O
or O
less O
a O
photo-fit O
picture O
of O
the O
previous O
week O
's O
position O
with O
activity O
slow O
and O
bullion O
prices O
trapped O
in O
a O
well-worn O
range O
awaiting O
a O
seasonal O
upturn O
in O
demand O
and O
prices O
into O
the O
fourth O
quarter O
. O

Singapore B-LOC
premiums O
for O
Australian B-MISC
kilo O
bars O
were O
quoted O
unchanged O
at O
between O
25-45 O
cents O
an O
ounce O
over O
spot O
loco O
London B-LOC
prices O
, O
with O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
and O
Indonesian-origin B-MISC
premiums O
also O
steady O
at O
10-20 O
cents O
an O
ounce O
. O

Singapore B-LOC
dealers O
said O
they O
were O
concerned O
that O
there O
had O
been O
a O
marked O
revival O
in O
offers O
to O
sell O
gold O
by O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
traders O
, O
following O
the O
distress O
sales O
of O
recent O
months O
after O
the O
Seoul B-LOC
government O
's O
crackdown O
on O
bullion O
arbitrage O
trade O
. O

" O
I O
was O
shocked O
to O
see O
these O
offers O
coming O
in O
again O
, O
though O
there O
's O
been O
no O
indication O
of O
price O
or O
volume O
. O

I O
dread O
to O
think O
what O
will O
happen O
to O
the O
premiums O
if O
the O
Koreans B-MISC
start O
selling O
in O
force O
, O
" O
one O
dealer O
said O
. O

Continued O
dishoarding O
of O
kilo-bars O
by O
Indonesian B-MISC
sources O
ahead O
of O
next O
year O
's O
presidential O
election O
has O
also O
kept O
a O
lid O
on O
premiums O
. O

Gold O
closed O
down O
at O
$ O
387.00 O
/ O
$ O
387.50 O
an O
ounce O
in O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
on O
Friday O
, O
versus O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
's O
$ O
387.60 O
/ O
$ O
388 O
finish O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Dealers O
said O
the O
precious O
metal O
eased O
on O
a O
report O
that O
the O
International B-ORG
Monetary I-ORG
Fund I-ORG
might O
sell O
some O
of O
its O
gold O
to O
reduce O
the O
debts O
of O
the O
poorest O
developing O
countries O
. O

Easier O
silver O
prices O
mid-week O
helped O
keep O
spot O
gold O
locked O
in O
a O
$ O
386 O
- O
$ O
389 O
an O
ounce O
range O
, O
dealers O
said O
, O
but O
they O
remained O
optimistic O
that O
the O
usual O
seasonal O
pick-up O
in O
jewellery O
fabrication O
demand O
would O
see O
gold O
at O
$ O
395 O
by O
end-October O
. O

" O
I O
still O
think O
we O
'll O
see O
gold O
at O
$ O
395 O
by O
the O
end O
of O
October O
, O
in O
a O
retracement O
of O
the O
$ O
418 O
- O
$ O
380 O
move O
we O
saw O
at O
the O
start O
of O
the O
year O
, O
" O
one O
said O
. O

Silver O
, O
basis O
the O
September O
contract O
on O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
's O
Comex O
market O
, O
was O
expected O
to O
find O
support O
at O
between O
$ O
5.12 O
- O
$ O
5.15 O
an O
ounce O
and O
meet O
resistance O
from O
$ O
5.25 O
- O
$ O
5.30 O
, O
they O
added O
. O

September O
silver O
closed O
up O
$ O
0.004 O
in O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
at O
$ O
5.255 O
an O
ounce O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Tripoli B-LOC
decks O
out O
for O
coup O
celebrations O
. O

Mona B-PER
Eltahawy I-PER

TRIPOLI B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Libyans B-MISC
are O
dressing O
up O
their O
capital O
Tripoli B-LOC
for O
celebrations O
on O
Sunday O
of O
the O
27th O
anniversary O
of O
the O
coup O
which O
brought O
Muammar B-PER
Gaddafi I-PER
to O
power O
. O

Green O
flags O
and O
banners O
praise O
the O
" O
great O
revolution O
" O
and O
promise O
defiance O
against O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
sanctions O
imposed O
for O
Libya B-LOC
's O
refusal O
to O
hand O
over O
for O
trial O
two O
suspects O
wanted O
in O
connection O
with O
the O
1988 O
bombing O
of O
a O
Pan B-ORG
Am I-ORG
flight O
over O
Lockerbie B-LOC
, O
Scotland B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
have O
chosen O
the O
challenge O
because O
it O
is O
our O
only O
option O
, O
" O
proclaimed O
one O
banner O
on O
the O
road O
to O
Tripoli B-LOC
airport O
which O
serves O
only O
internal O
flights O
because O
of O
the O
sanctions O
. O

Huge O
stadium O
lights O
are O
directed O
at O
the O
city O
's O
Green B-LOC
Square I-LOC
where O
makeshift O
stages O
await O
Sunday O
's O
festivities O
. O

Three O
African B-MISC
leaders O
-- O
from O
Niger B-LOC
, O
Guinea B-LOC
and O
Ghana B-LOC
-- O
are O
expected O
to O
attend O
the O
celebrations O
marking O
September O
1 O
, O
1969 O
when O
a O
group O
of O
young O
army O
officers O
, O
led O
by O
a O
27-year-old O
Gaddafi B-PER
, O
deposed O
King O
Mohammed B-PER
Idris I-PER
. O

" O
The O
revolution O
has O
brought O
us O
great O
achievements O
... O

We O
are O
comfortable O
the O
revolution O
has O
taken O
care O
of O
us O
, O
improved O
our O
lives O
and O
given O
us O
capabilites O
, O
" O
Samer B-PER
Ammar I-PER
Soliman I-PER
, O
42 O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
as O
he O
came O
out O
of O
Friday O
prayers O
. O

But O
some O
Libyans B-MISC
have O
begun O
to O
show O
their O
discontent O
in O
the O
country O
's O
east O
, O
which O
has O
become O
a O
hotbed O
of O
militant O
violence O
. O

Tripoli-based B-MISC
diplomats O
and O
exiled O
opponents O
said O
Gaddafi B-PER
's O
airforce O
blasted O
in O
July O
rebel O
strongholds O
in O
the O
mountainous O
Jebel B-LOC
al-Akhdar I-LOC
region O
. O

Travellers O
arriving O
in O
Egypt B-LOC
say O
militants O
and O
police O
officers O
clash O
regularly O
in O
Benghazi B-LOC
. O

At O
least O
20 O
people O
were O
killed O
in O
the O
capital O
in O
early O
July O
after O
bodyguards O
loyal O
to O
Gaddafi B-PER
's O
sons O
fired O
at O
spectators O
of O
a O
football O
match O
who O
were O
chanting O
subversive O
slogans O
. O

Gaddafi B-PER
has O
dismissed O
any O
unrest O
as O
the O
work O
of O
foreigners O
, O
and O
last O
year O
deported O
thousands O
of O
Sudanese B-MISC
and O
Egyptian B-MISC
workers O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Twilight O
zone O
for O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
as O
political O
race O
heats O
up O
. O

Pierre B-PER
Belec I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

For O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
, O
this O
is O
the O
season O
to O
be O
cautious O
as O
the O
presidential O
contest O
puts O
the O
stock O
market O
in O
the O
twilight O
zone O
. O

President O
Clinton B-PER
, O
Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
and O
Ross B-PER
Perot I-PER
are O
hitting O
the O
road O
now O
that O
the O
partying O
is O
over O
, O
and O
people O
who O
have O
billions O
of O
dollars O
invested O
in O
stocks O
were O
bracing O
for O
political O
promises O
that O
could O
have O
an O
impact O
on O
their O
wealth O
. O

Analysts O
believe O
that O
the O
candidates O
will O
add O
to O
the O
market O
's O
list O
of O
uncertainties O
, O
which O
already O
includes O
the O
question O
of O
whether O
the O
Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
will O
raise O
interest O
rates O
to O
cool O
economic O
growth O
. O

They O
say O
the O
politicians O
will O
need O
to O
promote O
legislation O
that O
helps O
the O
economy O
without O
scaring O
the O
socks O
off O
financial O
markets O
. O

" O
The O
worst O
thing O
that O
could O
happen O
for O
financial O
markets O
is O
that O
if O
Clinton B-PER
and O
Dole B-PER
start O
to O
trade O
shots O
in O
the O
middle O
of O
the O
ring O
with O
one-upmanship O
, O
" O
said O
Hugh B-PER
Johnson I-PER
, O
chief O
investment O
officer O
at O
First B-ORG
Albany I-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
" O
That O
's O
when O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
will O
need O
to O
worry O
. O
" O

He O
said O
that O
the O
bond O
market O
would O
be O
the O
first O
to O
react O
if O
the O
" O
bidding O
" O
intensifies O
and O
stocks O
would O
quickly O
drop O
as O
interest O
rates O
rise O
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
it O
would O
imply O
the O
collapse O
of O
the O
stock O
market O
, O
unless O
the O
rise O
in O
rates O
touches O
off O
a O
dynamic O
within O
the O
market O
, O
which O
would O
include O
selling O
by O
portfolio O
managers O
, O
redemptions O
by O
individuals O
of O
mutual O
funds O
that O
would O
, O
in O
turn O
, O
pressure O
the O
portfolio O
managers O
to O
sell O
even O
more O
stock O
. O
" O

This O
week O
, O
the O
market O
weighed O
Dole B-PER
's O
proposal O
to O
lower O
federal O
income O
taxes O
by O
15 O
percent O
across O
the O
board O
, O
a O
package O
that O
carries O
a O
price O
tag O
of O
$ O
548 O
billion O
. O

Clinton B-PER
proposes O
an O
$ O
8.4 O
billion O
re-election O
agenda O
that O
would O
spare O
most O
home-sellers O
from O
capital O
gains O
taxes O
and O
give O
employers O
tax O
incentives O
to O
hire O
people O
off O
the O
welfare O
rolls O
. O

Clinton B-PER
claims O
Dole B-PER
's O
plan O
would O
increase O
the O
deficit O
, O
while O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
said O
some O
corporate O
taxes O
would O
be O
raised O
to O
offset O
the O
cost O
of O
the O
president O
's O
plan O
. O

The O
experts O
said O
there O
are O
some O
unusual O
risks O
for O
the O
market O
from O
this O
year O
's O
political O
season O
because O
the O
rush O
to O
promise O
tax O
cuts O
to O
win O
votes O
could O
upset O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
's O
expectations O
that O
Washington B-LOC
will O
balance O
the O
budget O
. O

" O
The O
stock O
market O
will O
have O
to O
edit O
the O
promises O
and O
then O
do O
a O
probability O
study O
on O
those O
edited O
promises O
, O
" O
said O
John B-PER
Geraghty I-PER
at O
the O
consulting O
firm O
North B-ORG
American I-ORG
Equity I-ORG
Services I-ORG
. O

During O
the O
past O
four O
presidential O
elections O
, O
the O
candidate O
that O
has O
favoured O
tax O
cuts O
has O
won O
. O

Ronald B-PER
Reagan I-PER
's O
tax O
cut O
won O
him O
a O
second O
four-year O
term O
in O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
in O
1984 O
, O
while O
Democrat B-MISC
Walter B-PER
Mondale I-PER
, O
who O
promised O
higher O
taxes O
, O
lost O
. O

George B-PER
Bush I-PER
became O
president O
in O
1988 O
on O
his O
no-new-tax O
campaign O
and O
Clinton B-PER
won O
in O
1992 O
with O
a O
promise O
to O
fatten O
workers O
' O
paychecks O
. O

The O
trick O
, O
they O
said O
, O
will O
be O
for O
the O
candidates O
to O
continue O
to O
convince O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
that O
the O
Treasury B-ORG
's O
30-year O
bond O
-- O
the O
most O
closely-watched O
interest O
rate O
-- O
will O
fall O
to O
between O
4 O
percent O
and O
5 O
percent O
by O
the O
end O
of O
the O
decade O
. O

Johnson B-PER
said O
that O
long-term O
interest O
rates O
have O
already O
been O
spooked O
by O
the O
election O
. O

The O
long-term O
bond O
jumped O
this O
week O
to O
7.13 O
percent O
after O
starting O
the O
year O
at O
5.95 O
percent O
. O

The O
surge O
of O
buying O
in O
stocks O
during O
the O
last O
two O
years O
has O
come O
amid O
an O
environment O
of O
low O
interest O
rates O
, O
which O
has O
boosted O
corporate O
profits O
. O

But O
the O
market O
stalled O
this O
summer O
after O
the O
Dow B-MISC
Jones I-MISC
industrial O
average O
set O
a O
record O
high O
of O
5,778.00 O
points O
on O
May O
22 O
. O

" O
The O
market O
does O
n't O
seem O
to O
be O
able O
to O
make O
new O
highs O
and O
it O
has O
been O
back O
and O
forth O
in O
a O
fairly O
horizontal O
mode O
which O
looks O
like O
a O
holding O
pattern O
, O
" O
said O
Geraghty B-PER
. O

He O
said O
the O
market O
reflects O
the O
political O
uncertainty O
, O
now O
that O
Dole B-PER
has O
sharply O
narrowed O
the O
gap O
with O
Clinton B-PER
in O
the O
polls O
. O

Geraghty B-PER
said O
that O
the O
one O
thing O
that O
could O
completely O
turn O
the O
election O
around O
are O
new O
findings O
in O
the O
Whitewater B-LOC
scandal O
that O
would O
damage O
the O
Clintons B-PER
. O

" O
Stocks O
are O
on O
a O
delicate O
edge O
because O
if O
something O
happens O
that O
looks O
like O
it O
could O
upset O
the O
presidency O
, O
it O
could O
throw O
the O
political O
and O
, O
to O
some O
extent O
the O
economic O
, O
process O
into O
chaos O
, O
" O
Geraghty B-PER
said O
. O

Right O
now O
, O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
is O
pondering O
the O
candidates O
. O

" O
We O
have O
an O
election O
where O
there O
are O
so O
many O
unknown O
variables O
that O
most O
people O
will O
probably O
want O
to O
hold O
fire O
, O
and O
even O
take O
the O
chance O
that O
they O
will O
have O
to O
pay O
higher O
prices O
for O
stocks O
after O
the O
November O
election O
, O
than O
take O
the O
risk O
that O
a O
shock O
to O
the O
system O
will O
hurt O
the O
stock O
market O
, O
" O
Geraghty B-PER
said O
. O

On O
Friday O
, O
the O
Dow B-MISC
Jones I-MISC
index O
closed O
down O
31.44 O
points O
at O
5,616.21 O
. O

For O
the O
week O
, O
it O
was O
down O
106.53 O
points O
. O

The O
Nasdaq B-MISC
composite O
index O
closed O
3.53 O
points O
lower O
Friday O
at O
1,141.50 O
. O

For O
the O
week O
, O
it O
was O
down O
1.55 O
points O
. O

The O
Standard B-ORG
& I-ORG
Poor I-ORG
's O
index O
of O
500 O
stocks O
was O
off O
5.41 O
points O
at O
651.99 O
, O
down O
15.03 O
points O
for O
the O
week O
. O

The O
American B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
index O
was O
down O
1.66 O
points O
at O
559.68 O
, O
and O
was O
off O
1.26 O
for O
the O
week O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Brisk O
economic O
reports O
rattle O
markets O
anew O
. O

Glenn B-PER
Somerville I-PER

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Factory O
orders O
rose O
in O
July O
and O
manufacturing O
surged O
in O
the O
Midwest B-LOC
in O
August O
, O
reports O
said O
Friday O
, O
sparking O
worries O
about O
inflation O
that O
battered O
financial O
markets O
for O
a O
second O
straight O
day O
. O

The O
Commerce B-ORG
Department I-ORG
said O
orders O
for O
manufactured O
goods O
climbed O
1.8 O
percent O
in O
July O
to O
a O
seasonally O
adjusted O
$ O
317.6 O
billion O
-- O
nearly O
twice O
the O
increase O
that O
had O
been O
expected O
. O

Shipments O
of O
everything O
from O
new O
cars O
to O
food O
items O
rose O
, O
as O
did O
order O
backlogs O
, O
in O
a O
sign O
that O
the O
strength O
in O
the O
industrial O
sector O
would O
continue O
in O
coming O
months O
. O

A O
separate O
report O
from O
Chicago B-LOC
area O
purchasing O
managers O
underlined O
the O
strength O
in O
manufacturing O
as O
the O
group O
's O
barometer O
of O
manufacturing O
in O
the O
region O
jumped O
to O
60 O
in O
August O
from O
51.2 O
in O
July O
. O

A O
reading O
above O
50 O
indicates O
growth O
in O
manufacturing O
. O

While O
production O
and O
orders O
rose O
at O
Midwest B-LOC
area O
businesses O
, O
the O
prices O
they O
paid O
for O
goods O
used O
in O
manufacturing O
remained O
well O
in O
check O
. O

Analysts O
said O
the O
reports O
implied O
the O
economy O
was O
not O
slowing O
down O
in O
the O
third O
quarter O
after O
a O
burst O
of O
growth O
in O
the O
spring O
, O
and O
that O
the O
lull O
in O
late O
June O
and O
July O
was O
more O
temporary O
than O
Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
policy-makers O
had O
wanted O
. O

" O
It O
appears O
that O
August O
is O
showing O
an O
economy O
again O
reversing O
course O
and O
is O
not O
moving O
onto O
a O
significantly O
slower O
track O
at O
this O
point O
, O
" O
said O
economist O
Lynn B-PER
Reaser I-PER
of O
Barnett B-ORG
Banks I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
in O
Jacksonville B-LOC
, O
Fla B-LOC
. O

The O
reports O
fanned O
worries O
on O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
that O
the O
Fed B-ORG
, O
the O
nation O
's O
central O
bank O
, O
would O
raise O
rates O
next O
month O
in O
a O
bid O
to O
ward O
off O
inflation O
, O
driving O
stock O
and O
bond O
prices O
sharply O
lower O
for O
a O
second O
day O
running O
. O

The O
30-year O
Treasury B-ORG
fell O
almost O
a O
point O
, O
raising O
its O
yield O
, O
which O
moves O
in O
the O
opposite O
direction O
from O
the O
price O
, O
to O
7.12 O
percent O
from O
7.04 O
percent O
late O
Thursday O
. O

The O
Dow B-MISC
Jones I-MISC
industrial O
average O
fell O
31.44 O
points O
to O
5,616.21 O
after O
a O
64.73-point O
decline O
Thursday O
. O

A O
third O
report O
from O
the O
Commerce B-ORG
Department I-ORG
, O
on O
July O
personal O
income O
and O
spending O
, O
pointed O
to O
a O
potential O
slowdown O
in O
consumer O
spending O
that O
some O
analysts O
said O
may O
help O
moderate O
growth O
in O
the O
second O
half O
. O

It O
showed O
spending O
rose O
only O
0.2 O
percent O
last O
month O
to O
a O
seasonally O
adjusted O
annual O
rate O
of O
$ O
5.15 O
trillion O
after O
dropping O
a O
revised O
0.4 O
percent O
in O
June O
. O

Incomes O
from O
wages O
, O
salaries O
and O
all O
other O
sources O
gained O
0.1 O
percent O
to O
a O
rate O
of O
$ O
6.47 O
trillion O
after O
a O
0.9 O
percent O
jump O
in O
June O
. O

July O
's O
slight O
gain O
in O
incomes O
was O
the O
weakest O
in O
six O
months O
, O
since O
January O
when O
they O
were O
flat O
. O

Economist O
Joel B-PER
Naroff I-PER
of O
First B-ORG
Union I-ORG
bank O
in O
Philadelphia B-LOC
said O
consumer O
spending O
, O
which O
fuels O
two-thirds O
of O
the O
nation O
's O
economy O
, O
may O
be O
much O
slower O
in O
the O
third O
quarter O
than O
in O
the O
first O
half O
, O
which O
should O
slow O
economic O
growth O
. O

" O
The O
FOMC B-ORG
( O
Federal B-ORG
Open I-ORG
Market I-ORG
Committee I-ORG
) O
has O
been O
forecasting O
a O
slowing O
in O
economic O
activity O
and O
moderating O
household O
demand O
will O
have O
a O
large O
impact O
on O
overall O
economic O
growth O
, O
" O
Naroff B-PER
said O
in O
a O
written O
comment O
. O

The O
policy-making O
FOMC B-ORG
is O
to O
meet O
on O
Sept O
. O

24 O
to O
plot O
interest-rate O
strategy O
. O

It O
already O
has O
adopted O
a O
bias O
toward O
raising O
rates O
to O
keep O
a O
lid O
on O
wage O
and O
price O
rises O
and O
help O
sustain O
the O
5-1 O
/ O
2-year-old O
economic O
expansion O
. O

In O
an O
interview O
on O
the O
cable O
television O
network O
CNBC B-ORG
Friday O
, O
Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
Governor O
Lawrence B-PER
Lindsey I-PER
said O
there O
still O
were O
" O
mixed O
signals O
" O
about O
the O
economy O
's O
direction O
. O

" O
I O
think O
that O
, O
on O
balance O
, O
it O
is O
looking O
a O
little O
bit O
on O
the O
strong O
side O
, O
" O
Lindsey B-PER
said O
. O

He O
added O
that O
with O
expansion O
as O
solid O
as O
it O
is O
and O
with O
unemployment O
so O
low O
" O
the O
greater O
risks O
are O
clearly O
that O
we O
might O
see O
some O
overheating O
. O
" O

While O
July O
consumer O
spending O
rose O
only O
slightly O
, O
there O
were O
ample O
indications O
that O
consumers O
remained O
confident O
. O

The O
University B-ORG
of I-ORG
Michigan I-ORG
's O
August O
index O
of O
consumer O
sentiment O
, O
made O
available O
on O
Friday O
to O
paying O
subscribers O
, O
rose O
to O
95.3 O
from O
94.7 O
in O
July O
. O

Reaser B-PER
said O
strong O
consumer O
confidence O
coupled O
with O
relatively O
lean O
inventories O
were O
providing O
manufacturers O
with O
a O
reason O
to O
gear O
up O
production O
. O

" O
The O
economy O
is O
not O
going O
to O
be O
expanding O
at O
the O
4.8 O
percent O
( O
annual O
) O
rate O
that O
we O
had O
in O
the O
second O
quarter O
but O
it O
is O
likely O
to O
keep O
expanding O
in O
the O
3 O
percent O
range O
, O
" O
she O
said O
, O
above O
the O
2 O
percent O
to O
2-1/4 O
percent O
that O
the O
Fed B-ORG
considers O
to O
be O
non-inflationary O
. O

New O
orders O
to O
factories O
were O
strong O
for O
durable O
goods O
like O
new O
cars O
and O
for O
nondurables O
like O
paper O
and O
food O
products O
. O

Orders O
for O
durable O
goods O
, O
meant O
to O
last O
three O
years O
or O
more O
, O
rose O
a O
revised O
1.7 O
percent O
in O
July O
after O
falling O
0.2 O
percent O
in O
June O
. O

Orders O
for O
nondurables O
jumped O
1.8 O
percent O
following O
a O
1.2 O
percent O
decrease O
in O
June O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Mexican B-MISC
avocados O
not O
expected O
in O
U.S B-LOC
. O

Maggie B-PER
McNeil I-PER

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

U.S. B-ORG
Agriculture I-ORG
Department I-ORG
officials O
said O
Friday O
that O
Mexican B-MISC
avocados O
-- O
which O
are O
restricted O
from O
entering O
the O
continental O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
-- O
will O
not O
likely O
be O
entering O
U.S. B-LOC
markets O
any O
time O
soon O
, O
even O
if O
the O
controversial O
ban O
were O
lifted O
today O
. O

" O
The O
opportunity O
to O
import O
( O
Mexican B-MISC
avocados O
) O
probably O
wo O
n't O
become O
possible O
for O
another O
year O
, O
" O
said O
Paul B-PER
Drazek I-PER
, O
senior O
trade O
advisor O
to O
Agriculture O
Secretary O
Dan B-PER
Glickman I-PER
. O

" O
We O
could O
lift O
the O
ban O
tomorrow O
, O
but O
that O
would O
not O
mean O
anything O
immediately O
, O
" O
said O
Drazek B-PER
. O
" O

We O
probably O
would O
not O
see O
avacados O
come O
in O
until O
next O
season O
, O
next O
November O
. O
" O

The O
Agriculture B-ORG
Department I-ORG
proposed O
more O
than O
a O
year O
ago O
to O
significantly O
ease O
an O
82-year O
ban O
on O
Mexican B-MISC
avocados O
. O

Under O
the O
administration O
's O
proposal O
, O
the O
borders O
to O
the O
Mexican B-MISC
produce O
would O
be O
opened O
into O
19 O
Northern O
and O
Northeastern O
states O
from O
November O
through O
February O
. O

The O
plan O
has O
raised O
a O
storm O
of O
protest O
from O
U.S. B-LOC
avocado O
growers O
, O
who O
are O
largely O
concentrated O
in O
California B-LOC
. O

California B-LOC
growers O
have O
charged O
that O
removing O
the O
restrictions O
, O
even O
on O
a O
limited O
basis O
, O
would O
endanger O
the O
$ O
1 O
billion O
U.S. B-LOC
industry O
if O
potentially O
harmful O
Mexican B-MISC
insects O
were O
brought O
into O
the O
country O
along O
with O
the O
avocados O
. O

Mexican B-MISC
officials O
contend O
that O
there O
is O
no O
scientific O
basis O
for O
the O
ban O
, O
and O
that O
it O
is O
illegal O
under O
international O
trading O
rules O
of O
the O
World B-ORG
Trade I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
. O

Proponents O
of O
the O
plan O
discount O
the O
worries O
of O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
growers O
and O
say O
the O
plan O
has O
enough O
safeguards O
built O
into O
it O
to O
eliminate O
any O
significant O
threat O
to O
American B-MISC
producers O
. O

Under O
the O
proposal O
, O
only O
imports O
of O
export-quality O
avocados O
growing O
in O
approved O
orchards O
in O
Michoacan B-LOC
, O
Mexico B-LOC
, O
the O
country O
's O
main O
avocado O
area O
, O
would O
be O
allowed O
. O

Mexican B-MISC
growers O
and O
distributors O
would O
have O
to O
abide O
by O
strict O
rules O
established O
by O
the O
Mexican B-MISC
and O
U.S. B-LOC
agriculture O
agencies O
. O

The O
California B-ORG
Avocado I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
-- O
which O
has O
spearheaded O
the O
opposition O
to O
lifting O
the O
ban O
-- O
said O
new O
data O
the O
group O
submitted O
to O
the O
Agriculture B-ORG
Department I-ORG
last O
spring O
shows O
the O
department O
underestimated O
the O
pest O
problem O
in O
Mexico B-LOC
and O
have O
urged O
that O
the O
agency O
reopen O
its O
study O
of O
the O
issue O
. O

The O
administration O
is O
still O
studying O
the O
new O
data O
, O
and O
officials O
have O
said O
that O
if O
experts O
think O
the O
information O
is O
significant O
, O
the O
agency O
could O
reopen O
its O
investigation O
. O

But O
U.S. B-LOC
avocado O
industry O
sources O
said O
that O
while O
they O
may O
have O
delayed O
the O
plan O
for O
a O
while O
, O
they O
ultimately O
do O
not O
expect O
the O
administration O
to O
change O
its O
position O
. O

" O
From O
a O
common-sense O
view O
, O
the O
department O
should O
reconsider O
this O
plan O
, O
but O
due O
to O
politics O
they O
will O
probably O
go O
ahead O
with O
this O
, O
" O
said O
Tom B-PER
Bellamore I-PER
of O
the O
California B-LOC
avocado O
group O
. O

Administration O
officials O
said O
they O
want O
to O
get O
the O
issue O
resolved O
as O
quickly O
as O
possible O
, O
but O
said O
there O
is O
no O
timetable O
they O
are O
working O
under O
. O

" O
It O
's O
a O
very O
complicated O
issue O
, O
" O
said O
the O
Agriculture B-ORG
Department I-ORG
's O
Drazek B-PER
. O
" O

We O
'll O
get O
it O
resolved O
as O
quickly O
as O
we O
can O
, O
based O
on O
the O
best O
available O
science O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
Cardinal O
Bernardin B-PER
says O
has O
terminal O
cancer O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Chicago B-LOC
Cardinal O
Joseph B-PER
Bernardin I-PER
, O
head O
of O
the O
second-largest O
U.S. B-LOC
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
archdiocese O
, O
said O
on O
Friday O
his O
doctors O
had O
diagnosed O
him O
as O
having O
liver O
cancer O
and O
he O
had O
a O
year O
or O
less O
to O
live O
. O

Bernardin B-PER
, O
68 O
, O
underwent O
extensive O
surgery O
for O
pancreatic O
cancer O
in O
June O
1995 O
followed O
by O
months O
of O
chemotherapy O
, O
which O
he O
said O
made O
him O
more O
aware O
of O
his O
own O
vulnerabilities O
and O
the O
need O
to O
minister O
to O
the O
sick O
. O

" O
On O
Wednesday O
, O
examinations O
indicated O
that O
the O
cancer O
has O
returned O
, O
this O
time O
in O
the O
liver O
. O

I O
am O
told O
that O
it O
is O
terminal O
and O
that O
my O
life O
expectancy O
is O
one O
year O
or O
less O
, O
" O
a O
composed O
Bernardin B-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
. O

In O
14 O
years O
as O
Chicago B-LOC
's O
archbishop O
, O
he O
built O
a O
prayerful O
, O
saintly O
image O
and O
was O
deeply O
involved O
in O
world O
church O
issues O
and O
publicly O
committed O
to O
rooting O
out O
abuses O
by O
clergy O
. O

" O
I O
have O
been O
assured O
that O
I O
still O
have O
some O
quality O
time O
left O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
saying O
he O
would O
undergo O
a O
new O
form O
of O
chemotherapy O
but O
his O
doctors O
have O
told O
him O
there O
was O
only O
a O
slim O
chance O
of O
a O
cure O
and O
the O
liver O
cancer O
was O
inoperable O
. O

" O
It O
's O
not O
going O
to O
be O
easy O
to O
say O
goodbye O
to O
everybody O
. O

Death O
does O
have O
some O
sad O
dimensions O
to O
it O
but O
I O
am O
a O
man O
of O
faith O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

Death O
is O
a O
natural O
phenomenom O
. O
" O

He O
said O
he O
would O
" O
serve O
until O
the O
end O
" O
as O
cardinal O
. O

Pancreatic O
cancer O
is O
among O
the O
most O
deadly O
forms O
of O
the O
disease O
, O
although O
Bernardin B-PER
's O
case O
was O
caught O
early O
. O

Surgeons O
removed O
a O
cancerous O
kidney O
, O
parts O
of O
his O
pancreas O
and O
stomach O
, O
small O
intestine O
, O
bile O
duct O
and O
surrounding O
tissues O
. O

He O
made O
a O
rapid O
recovery O
and O
resumed O
most O
of O
his O
duties O
, O
but O
then O
developed O
a O
deteriorating O
condition O
in O
his O
spine O
that O
caused O
him O
great O
pain O
and O
shortened O
his O
height O
by O
several O
inches O
. O

He O
was O
scheduled O
to O
undergo O
back O
surgery O
next O
month O
, O
but O
that O
was O
cancelled O
when O
the O
cancer O
was O
discovered O
in O
his O
liver O
in O
order O
to O
avoid O
delaying O
the O
start O
of O
chemotherapy O
. O

The O
spare O
, O
soft-spoken O
son O
of O
an O
Italian B-MISC
stonecutter O
took O
over O
the O
Chicago B-LOC
archdiocese O
, O
the O
nation O
's O
second-largest O
after O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
, O
with O
2.3 O
million O
parishioners O
, O
in O
1982 O
. O

Ironically O
, O
Bernardin B-PER
, O
who O
developed O
a O
progressive O
, O
much-praised O
programme O
to O
deal O
with O
pedophilia O
involving O
priests O
, O
became O
the O
highest-ranking O
church O
official O
ever O
accused O
of O
sexual O
improprieties O
when O
a O
former O
seminary O
student O
leveled O
charges O
in O
1993 O
that O
he O
had O
been O
sexually O
abused O
by O
Bernardin B-PER
during O
the O
1970s O
. O

Bernardin B-PER
steadfastly O
denied O
the O
charges O
and O
the O
former O
student O
later O
recanted O
his O
tale O
of O
abuse O
. O

Bernardin B-PER
prayed O
with O
him O
before O
he O
died O
from O
AIDS B-MISC
last O
year O
. O

Bernardin B-PER
, O
who O
became O
archbishop O
of O
Cincinnati B-LOC
in O
1972 O
, O
played O
an O
increasingly O
prominent O
role O
in O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
church O
as O
a O
moderate O
voice O
of O
compromise O
among O
liberals O
and O
conservatives O
in O
the O
ranks O
of O
the O
bishops O
. O

This O
month O
, O
he O
announced O
that O
he O
would O
oversee O
a O
series O
of O
conferences O
to O
find O
" O
common O
ground O
" O
among O
American B-MISC
Catholics I-MISC
. O

Previously O
, O
he O
was O
instrumental O
in O
drafting O
church O
policy O
on O
war O
, O
peace O
and O
nuclear O
arms O
, O
and O
for O
seven O
years O
he O
headed O
the O
bishops O
' O
anti-abortion O
policy O
committee O
, O
espousing O
a O
policy O
describing O
human O
life O
as O
a O
" O
seamless O
garment O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Boatmen B-ORG
's I-ORG
deal O
could O
spark O
more O
mergers O
. O

Brad B-PER
Dorfman I-PER

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
$ O
9.5 O
billion O
proposed O
acquisition O
of O
Boatmen B-ORG
's I-ORG
Bancshares I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
by O
NationsBank B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
could O
spark O
a O
flurry O
of O
other O
mergers O
involving O
Missouri B-LOC
banks O
, O
which O
until O
last O
year O
were O
protected O
from O
outside O
buyers O
by O
state O
regulations O
. O

" O
NationsBank B-ORG
just O
strolled O
into O
the O
Midwest B-LOC
and O
bagged O
the O
biggest O
banking O
trophy O
in O
the O
landscape O
, O
" O
said O
Michael B-PER
Ancell I-PER
, O
banking O
industry O
analyst O
at O
Edward B-ORG
D. I-ORG
Jones I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O
" O

Whoever O
wants O
a O
big O
market O
position O
in O
the O
Midwest B-LOC
has O
to O
come O
in O
and O
grab O
Mercantile B-ORG
or O
Commerce B-ORG
. O
" O

St. B-MISC
Louis-based I-MISC
Mercantile B-ORG
Bancorp I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
, O
a O
bank O
holding O
company O
with O
$ O
18.04 O
billion O
in O
assets O
, O
was O
seen O
by O
many O
analysts O
as O
the O
most O
attractive O
Missouri B-LOC
franchise O
in O
size O
after O
Boatmen B-ORG
's I-ORG
. O

Kansas B-LOC
City I-LOC
, O
Mo.-based B-MISC
Commerce B-ORG
Bancshares I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
, O
with O
$ O
9.32 O
billion O
in O
assets O
, O
also O
could O
help O
a O
regional O
bank O
establish O
a O
strong O
presence O
in O
the O
lower O
Midwest B-LOC
, O
analysts O
added O
. O

" O
It O
focuses O
more O
attention O
on O
Mercantile B-ORG
, O
Commerce B-ORG
and O
Roosevelt B-ORG
, O
" O
said O
James B-PER
Weber I-PER
, O
analyst O
at O
A.G. B-ORG
Edwards I-ORG
& I-ORG
Sons I-ORG
. O

Roosevelt B-ORG
Financial I-ORG
Group I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
is O
a O
$ O
9.33 O
billion O
asset-St B-MISC
. I-MISC

Louis B-MISC
based O
thrift O
. O

" O
Now O
... O
the O
most O
coveted O
bank O
out O
there O
is O
Mercantile B-ORG
, O
" O
Weber B-PER
said O
. O

Mercantile B-ORG
and O
Commerce B-ORG
did O
not O
return O
phone O
calls O
seeking O
comment O
. O

Among O
those O
seen O
as O
having O
an O
interest O
in O
buying O
in O
Missouri B-LOC
are O
Minneapolis-based B-MISC
First B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
System I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
and O
Norwest B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
, O
Ohio-based B-MISC
KeyCorp B-ORG
and O
Banc B-ORG
One I-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
, O
and O
First B-ORG
Chicago I-ORG
NBD I-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
in O
Illinois B-LOC
. O

Representatives O
of O
First B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
, O
Norwest B-ORG
, O
Banc B-ORG
One I-ORG
and O
First B-ORG
Chicago I-ORG
said O
the O
banks O
do O
not O
comment O
on O
rumors O
of O
possible O
mergers O
or O
acquisitions O
. O

KeyCorp B-ORG
, O
contacted O
by O
phone O
, O
would O
not O
comment O
. O

With O
a O
presence O
in O
nine O
states O
and O
$ O
41 O
billion O
in O
assets O
, O

Boatmen B-ORG
's I-ORG
was O
the O
prize O
in O
Missouri B-LOC
, O
where O
barriers O
to O
outside O
acquirers O
were O
brought O
down O
last O
year O
by O
a O
federal O
banking O
statute O
. O

" O
Boatmen B-ORG
's I-ORG
was O
the O
plum O
of O
Missouri B-LOC
and O
was O
the O
plum O
of O
the O
central O
Midwest B-LOC
, O
" O
Weber B-PER
said O
. O

Talk O
that O
the O
Missouri B-LOC
banks O
were O
seeking O
inflated O
prices O
from O
buyers O
was O
seen O
as O
a O
reason O
a O
deal O
has O
not O
occurred O
sooner O
. O

But O
NationsBank B-ORG
's O
bid O
, O
representing O
a O
premium O
of O
40 O
percent O
for O
Boatmen B-ORG
's I-ORG
stock O
, O
was O
large O
enough O
to O
get O
the O
deal O
done O
. O

" O
I O
think O
Boatmen B-ORG
's I-ORG
was O
shopping O
itself O
, O
and O
everybody O
knew O
if O
you O
wanted O
to O
be O
the O
winning O
buyer O
here O
, O
you O
had O
to O
make O
the O
bid O
nobody O
would O
beat O
, O
" O
Ancell B-PER
said O
. O

But O
some O
analysts O
cautioned O
that O
other O
targets O
should O
not O
expect O
as O
large O
a O
premium O
. O

They O
also O
questioned O
whether O
NationsBank B-ORG
can O
recoup O
shareholder O
value O
with O
such O
a O
large O
bid O
for O
Boatmen B-ORG
's I-ORG
. O

" O
I O
think O
initially O
some O
stocks O
will O
trade O
up O
on O
sympathy O
, O
but O
the O
wild O
premium O
NationsBank B-ORG
put O
on O
this O
deal O
here O
, O
I O
do O
n't O
see O
a O
lot O
of O
other O
deals O
being O
done O
at O
this O
premium O
, O
" O
said O
Michael B-PER
Durante I-PER
, O
analyst O
at O
McDonald B-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
tight-lipped O
on O
Libya B-LOC
's O
award O
to O
Farrakhan B-PER
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
State B-ORG
Department I-ORG
refused O
to O
speculate O
on O
Friday O
on O
what O
might O
happen O
in O
the O
case O
of O
Louis B-PER
Farrakhan I-PER
, O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
black O
leader O
who O
was O
awarded O
a O
$ O
250,000 O
human O
rights O
prize O
by O
Libya B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
'm O
not O
going O
to O
speculate O
about O
what O
may O
or O
may O
not O
happen O
in O
that O
case O
, O
" O
State B-ORG
Department I-ORG
spokesman O
Glyn B-PER
Davies I-PER
said O
. O
" O

... O
The O
view O
of O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
government O
on O
( O
Farrakhan B-PER
's O
) O
not O
accepting O
any O
gifts O
from O
Libya B-LOC
is O
well-known O
. O
" O

Davies B-PER
also O
noted O
: O
" O
We O
've O
talked O
about O
the O
passport O
restriction O
for O
travel O
to O
Libya B-LOC
" O
but O
he O
did O
not O
elaborate O
. O

The O
U.S. B-ORG
Treasury I-ORG
Department I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
denied O
Farrakhan B-PER
's O
application O
to O
receive O
the O
$ O
250,000 O
award O
or O
a O
$ O
1 O
billion O
donation O
Libyan B-MISC
leader O
Muammar B-PER
Gaddafi I-PER
had O
pledged O
to O
Farrakhan B-PER
's O
Nation B-ORG
of I-ORG
Islam I-ORG
group O
after O
they O
met O
last O
January O
. O

Farrakhan B-PER
organised O
last O
October O
's O
Million B-MISC
Man I-MISC
March I-MISC
that O
brought O
thousands O
of O
black O
men O
to O
Washington B-LOC
for O
a O
peaceful O
rally O
. O

The O
Treasury B-ORG
Department I-ORG
said O
Libya B-LOC
was O
on O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
list O
of O
states O
that O
sponsor O
international O
terrorism O
and O
noted O
that O
Tripoli B-LOC
has O
refused O
to O
hand O
over O
two O
Libyan B-MISC
suspects O
in O
the O
1988 O
bombing O
of O
Pan B-MISC
Am I-MISC
flight I-MISC
103 I-MISC
over O
Lockerbie B-LOC
, O
Scotland B-LOC
. O

That O
refusal O
led O
to O
the O
imposition O
of O
U.N. B-ORG
sanctions O
on O
Libya B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
Gulf I-LOC
rig O
down O
by O
one O
to O
162 O
in O
week O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

There O
were O
162 O
rigs O
under O
contract O
in O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
Gulf I-LOC
as O
of O
August O
30 O
, O
down O
one O
from O
the O
prior O
week O
, O
Offshore B-ORG
Data I-ORG
Services I-ORG
said O
. O

The O
utilization O
rate O
for O
rigs O
working O
in O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
, O
based O
on O
a O
total O
fleet O
of O
181 O
, O
was O
89.5 O
percent O
. O

The O
number O
of O
working O
rigs O
in O
European B-MISC
/ O
Mediterranean B-MISC
remained O
unchanged O
this O
week O
, O
with O
105 O
rigs O
under O
contract O
out O
of O
a O
total O
fleet O
of O
105 O
, O
a O
utilization O
rate O
of O
100 O
percent O
. O

The O
worldwide O
rig O
count O
fell O
by O
one O
to O
554 O
out O
of O
a O
total O
fleet O
of O
608 O
, O
making O
the O
utilization O
rate O
91.1 O
percent O
. O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Energy I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
212-859-1620 O

-DOCSTART- O

Dole B-PER
team O
seeking O
to O
pin O
down O
debate O
details O
. O

IRVINE B-LOC
, O
Calif B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Now O
that O
the O
party O
conventions O
are O
over O
, O
Republicans B-MISC
have O
signalled O
they O
are O
ready O
to O
move O
into O
the O
next O
phase O
of O
the O
campaign O
and O
meet O
with O
President O
Clinton B-PER
's O
aides O
to O
hammer O
out O
details O
of O
presidential O
debates O
. O

The O
Dole B-PER
campaign O
released O
a O
letter O
Friday O
inviting O
their O
Clinton B-PER
counterparts O
to O
meet O
with O
Dole B-PER
campaign O
manager O
Scott B-PER
Reed I-PER
to O
discuss O
particulars O
of O
the O
televised O
debates O
. O

" O
Next O
week O
, O
a O
small O
group O
of O
representatives O
from O
each O
of O
our O
campaigns O
should O
meet O
to O
address O
participants O
, O
format O
, O
timing O
and O
logistical O
issues O
surrounding O
the O
debates O
, O
" O
Dole B-PER
campaign O
manager O
Scott B-PER
Reed I-PER
wrote O
to O
Clinton B-PER
campaign O
manager O
Peter B-PER
Knight I-PER
. O

Tentative O
dates O
for O
the O
debates O
are O
Sept O
. O

25 O
, O
Oct. O
9 O
and O
Oct. O
16 O
. O

The O
vice O
presidential O
debate O
is O
scheduled O
for O
Oct. O
2 O
. O

Former O
South B-LOC
Carolina I-LOC
Gov O
. O

Carroll B-PER
Campbell I-PER
, O
who O
was O
on O
Dole B-PER
's O
vice O
presidential O
short O
list O
before O
Dole B-PER
decided O
on O
Jack B-PER
Kemp I-PER
, O
will O
head O
Dole B-PER
's O
team O
. O

A O
decision O
is O
expected O
by O
mid-September O
on O
whether O
Texas B-LOC
billionaire O
Ross B-PER
Perot I-PER
, O
the O
Reform B-ORG
Party I-ORG
candidate O
, O
will O
be O
allowed O
to O
participate O
in O
the O
debates O
, O
which O
are O
sponsored O
by O
the O
Commission B-ORG
on I-ORG
Presidential I-ORG
Debates I-ORG
, O
a O
non-profit O
, O
non-partisan O
organisation O
that O
took O
over O
the O
forums O
in O
1988 O
from O
the O
League B-ORG
of I-ORG
Women I-ORG
Voters I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Titanic B-MISC
recovery O
mission O
is O
scrapped O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Equipment O
problems O
and O
mechanical O
failure O
forced O
a O
recovery O
expedition O
to O
give O
up O
efforts O
to O
retrieve O
a O
giant O
slab O
of O
the O
RMS B-MISC
Titanic I-MISC
from O
the O
ocean O
floor O
, O
a O
spokeswoman O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

A O
20-ton O
piece O
of O
the O
Titanic B-MISC
's O
steel O
hull O
, O
which O
had O
been O
attached O
by O
cables O
to O
a O
recovery O
ship O
off O
the O
coast O
of O
Newfoundland B-LOC
, O
Canada B-LOC
, O
fell O
back O
to O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
sea O
, O
said O
Erin B-PER
Purcell I-PER
of O
Boston-based B-MISC
Reagan B-ORG
Communications I-ORG
that O
represents O
two O
of O
the O
ships O
used O
in O
the O
expedition O
. O

The O
piece O
of O
hull O
, O
lifted O
from O
the O
ocean O
floor O
by O
means O
of O
several O
diesel-filled O
bags O
, O
had O
been O
stuck O
about O
200 O
feet O
( O
about O
70 O
metres O
) O
below O
the O
water O
's O
surface O
before O
it O
fell O
, O
she O
said O
. O

It O
fell O
as O
recovery O
crews O
were O
trying O
to O
haul O
the O
piece O
into O
more O
shallow O
water O
and O
several O
of O
the O
bags O
burst O
and O
cables O
snapped O
, O
she O
said O
. O

The O
steel-hulled O
Titanic B-MISC
, O
thought O
to O
be O
unsinkable O
, O
struck O
an O
iceberg O
on O
April O
14 O
, O
1912 O
, O
and O
sank O
, O
killing O
1,523 O
of O
the O
2,200 O
passengers O
and O
crew O
on O
board O
. O

The O
wreck O
was O
located O
in O
1985 O
. O

Passengers O
who O
had O
paid O
$ O
1,500 O
and O
up O
to O
accompany O
the O
recovery O
expedition O
on O
two O
cruise O
ships O
had O
returned O
back O
to O
port O
on O
Thursday O
, O
Purcell B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bonn B-LOC
appeals O
for O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
peace O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
German B-MISC
government O
urged O
Israelis B-MISC
and O
Palestinians B-MISC
on O
Friday O
to O
avoid O
any O
course O
of O
action O
that O
might O
jeopardise O
the O
peace O
process O
in O
the O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
. O

Israel B-LOC
announced O
this O
week O
the O
expansion O
of O
Jewish B-MISC
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
settlements O
surrounding O
Jerusalem B-LOC
and O
the O
demolition O
of O
an O
Arab B-MISC
community O
centre O
in O
East B-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
. O

City O
officials O
there O
said O
the O
centre O
was O
being O
erected O
illegally O
. O

But O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
said O
the O
moves O
by O
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
's O
government O
were O
tantamount O
to O
war O
. O

Tension O
has O
been O
rising O
in O
the O
region O
since O
. O

" O
We O
believe O
that O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
settlement O
policy O
in O
the O
occupied O
areas O
is O
an O
obstacle O
to O
the O
establishment O
of O
peace O
, O
" O
German B-MISC
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
spokesman O
Martin B-PER
Erdmann I-PER
said O
. O

" O
All O
concerned O
must O
avoid O
taking O
any O
course O
of O
action O
that O
could O
pose O
an O
obstacle O
to O
the O
peace O
process O
and O
which O
could O
make O
a O
peaceful O
solution O
difficult O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
as O
news O
came O
of O
a O
renewed O
breakdown O
in O
Arab-Israeli B-MISC
peace O
talks O
in O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

Erdmann B-PER
told O
reporters O
Bonn B-LOC
supported O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
efforts O
to O
persuade O
Israel B-LOC
to O
stop O
further O
Jewish B-MISC
settlement O
on O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
. O

The O
foreign O
ministry O
later O
announced O
Israeli B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
David B-PER
Levy I-PER
would O
visit O
Bonn B-LOC
for O
talks O
with O
his O
German B-MISC
counterpart O
Klaus B-PER
Kinkel I-PER
next O
month O
. O

The O
ministry O
said O
Levy B-PER
and O
Kinkel B-PER
would O
discuss O
the O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
process O
and O
German-Israeli B-MISC
relations O
at O
their O
meeting O
on O
September O
9 O
. O

Levy B-PER
's O
visit O
would O
be O
the O
first O
by O
an O
Israeli B-MISC
cabinet O
minister O
since O
Netanyahu B-PER
's O
conservative O
government O
took O
power O
in O
une O
this O
year O
, O
the O
ministry O
said O
. O

Before O
Levy B-PER
's O
arrival O
in O
Bonn B-LOC
, O
German B-MISC
Defence O
Minister O
Volker B-PER
Ruehe I-PER
will O
visit O
Israel B-LOC
from O
September O
2 O
to O
4 O
, O
the O
defence O
ministry O
said O
. O

Ruehe B-PER
planned O
to O
meet O
his O
Israeli B-MISC
counterpart O
Yitzhak B-PER
Mordechai I-PER
and O
Israeli B-MISC
President O
Ezer B-PER
Weizman I-PER
, O
the O
ministry O
said O
. O

He O
was O
also O
expected O
to O
meet O
Prime O
Minister O
Netanyahu B-PER
and O
opposition O
leader O
Shimon B-PER
Peres I-PER
for O
talks O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

France B-LOC
expels O
African B-MISC
, O
Air B-ORG
France I-ORG
unions O
protest O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

France B-LOC
on O
Friday O
expelled O
another O
African B-MISC
man O
seized O
in O
a O
police O
raid O
on O
a O
Paris B-LOC
church O
as O
about O
100 O
Air B-ORG
France I-ORG
workers O
denounced O
" O
charters O
of O
shame O
" O
used O
to O
fly O
illegal O
immigrants O
home O
. O

A O
Guinean B-MISC
man O
, O
detained O
in O
a O
round-up O
in O
the O
Saint-Bernard B-LOC
church O
a O
week O
ago O
, O
was O
deported O
on O
a O
scheduled O
Air B-ORG
France I-ORG
flight O
to O
Conakry B-LOC
after O
his O
appeals O
failed O
, O
a O
spokesman O
for O
Air B-ORG
France I-ORG
's O
pro-Socialist O
CFDT B-ORG
union O
said O
. O

He O
was O
apparently O
the O
eighth O
African B-MISC
deported O
from O
among O
210 O
people O
evicted O
from O
the O
church O
after O
a O
50-day O
occupation O
aimed O
at O
securing O
residence O
permits O
, O
unions O
said O
. O

Most O
of O
the O
others O
have O
been O
released O
after O
a O
brief O
stay O
in O
detention O
. O

About O
100 O
people O
from O
the O
CFDT B-ORG
and O
the O
Communist-led B-MISC
CGT B-ORG
unions O
marched O
outside O
Air B-ORG
France I-ORG
headquarters O
at O
Charles B-LOC
de I-LOC
Gaulle I-LOC
airport O
north O
of O
Paris B-LOC
against O
the O
use O
of O
civilian O
jets O
and O
staff O
in O
deporting O
illegal O
immigrants O
. O

" O
We O
must O
obtain O
a O
formal O
commitment O
from O
( O
Air B-ORG
France I-ORG
chairman O
) O
Christian B-PER
Blanc I-PER
that O
no O
plane O
, O
no O
personnel O
be O
used O
to O
transform O
our O
air O
companies O
into O
charters O
of O
shame O
, O
" O
CFDT B-ORG
spokesman O
Francois B-PER
Cabrera I-PER
said O
. O

He O
said O
civilians O
should O
not O
be O
police O
accomplices O
. O

Twenty-three O
out O
of O
25 O
charters O
flying O
illegal O
immigrants O
home O
since O
Prime O
Minister O
Alain B-PER
Juppe I-PER
's O
government O
took O
office O
in O
May O
1995 O
have O
been O
civilian O
jets O
. O

The O
other O
two O
were O
military O
jets O
. O

Separately O
, O
Juppe B-PER
confirmed O
the O
conservative O
government O
was O
preparing O
to O
submit O
a O
draft O
bill O
to O
parliament O
to O
tighten O
laws O
on O
illegal O
workers O
as O
part O
of O
a O
crackdown O
on O
immigration O
. O

" O
Legislation O
is O
insufficient O
in O
several O
areas O
, O
notably O
in O
those O
concerning O
illegal O
work O
, O
" O
Juppe B-PER
told O
reporters O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
police O
probe O
sex O
link O
in O
child O
kidnap O
case O
. O

BERLIN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

German B-MISC
police O
searching O
for O
a O
missing O
10-year-old O
schoolgirl O
said O
on O
Friday O
the O
prime O
suspects O
in O
the O
case O
may O
have O
been O
involved O
in O
running O
a O
child O
prostitution O
ring O
. O

Police O
suspect O
Nicole B-PER
Nichterwitz I-PER
's O
aunt O
and O
a O
male O
companion O
abducted O
the O
girl O
and O
took O
her O
to O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
. O

She O
was O
last O
seen O
being O
collected O
by O
the O
pair O
from O
school O
in O
Velten B-LOC
near O
Berlin B-LOC
on O
Monday O
. O

Public O
prosecutors O
said O
they O
had O
found O
a O
list O
of O
children O
's O
names O
and O
ages O
at O
the O
couple O
's O
flat O
. O

The O
list O
was O
being O
studied O
for O
possible O
links O
to O
previous O
child O
kidnappings O
and O
prostitution O
, O
a O
prosecutors O
' O
spokesman O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Missing O
German B-MISC
girl O
found O
alive O
at O
Dutch B-MISC
campsite O
. O

GRONINGEN B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Dutch B-MISC
police O
said O
on O
Friday O
they O
had O
found O
missing O
German B-MISC
girl O
Nicole B-PER
Nichterwitz I-PER
alive O
on O
a O
campsite O
in O
the O
northern O
city O
of O
Groningen B-LOC
and O
had O
arrested O
her O
aunt O
and O
companion O
on O
charges O
of O
kidnapping O
. O

" O
We O
have O
found O
Nicole B-PER
on O
a O
campsite O
in O
Groningen B-LOC
thanks O
to O
tipoffs O
from O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
public O
. O

We O
have O
also O
found O
and O
arrested O
her O
aunt O
and O
companion O
, O
" O
said O
a O
spokeswoman O
of O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
criminal O
investigation O
service O
. O

Police O
could O
not O
yet O
tell O
whether O
the O
10-year-old O
showed O
any O
signs O
of O
sexual O
abuse O
. O

" O
We O
do O
n't O
know O
yet O
. O

It O
's O
too O
early O
to O
tell O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

The O
girl O
was O
abducted O
from O
her O
school O
in O
Velten B-LOC
near O
Berlin B-LOC
on O
Monday O
. O

German B-MISC
police O
suspected O
her O
aunt O
, O
47 O
, O
and O
companion O
, O
28 O
, O
were O
involved O
in O
running O
a O
child O
prostitution O
ring O
. O

Public O
prosecutors O
said O
they O
had O
found O
a O
list O
of O
children O
's O
names O
and O
ages O
at O
the O
couple O
's O
flat O
. O

The O
list O
was O
being O
studied O
for O
possible O
links O
to O
previous O
child O
kidnappings O
and O
prostitution O
, O
a O
prosecutors O
' O
spokesman O
said O
. O

The O
couple O
would O
probably O
be O
extradited O
to O
Germany B-LOC
which O
has O
requested O
their O
deportation O
, O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
police O
spokeswoman O
said O
. O

Descriptions O
of O
the O
couple O
's O
car O
released O
to O
Dutch B-MISC
media O
led O
to O
their O
arrest O
, O
she O
added O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Indian B-MISC
copper O
falls O
, O
state O
firm O
may O
cut O
rates O
. O

BOMBAY B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Indian B-MISC
copper O
prices O
fell O
on O
Friday O
as O
dealers O
awaited O
an O
announcement O
relating O
to O
price O
cuts O
by O
state-owned O
producer O
, O
Hindustan B-ORG
Copper I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
, O
traders O
said O
. O

Nickel O
extended O
gains O
while O
other O
base O
metals O
were O
unchanged O
in O
narrow O
trade O
, O
they O
said O
. O

Ready O
copper O
fell O
by O
150 O
rupees O
at O
12,350 O
rupees O
per O
quintal O
on O
fresh O
offerings O
by O
the O
stockists O
who O
expect O
Hindustan B-ORG
Copper I-ORG
to O
cut O
prices O
. O

Nickel O
rose O
by O
500 O
to O
39,200 O
rupees O
on O
thin O
supply O
and O
fresh O
buying O
by O
stainless O
steel O
makers O
. O

Tin O
was O
unchanged O
at O
36,000 O
rupees O
, O
so O
did O
zinc O
at O
6,300 O
rupees O
and O
lead O
at O
4,900 O
rupees O
. O

Aluminium O
was O
quiet O
at O
7,450 O
rupees O
. O

-- O
Bombay B-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
+91-22-265 O
9000 O

-DOCSTART- O

MARTELA B-ORG
H1 O
PROFIT O
FIM O
6.3 O
MLN O
VS O
21.0 O
MLN O
. O

HELSINKI B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Six O
months O
to O
June O
30 O
, O

( O
million O
markka O
unless O
stated O
) O

Profit O
before O
extraordinaries O
, O
appropriations O
, O

taxes O
6.3 O
vs O
21.0 O

Earnings O
per O
share O
( O
markka O
) O
2.2 O
vs O
7.2 O

Net O
sales O
289.1 O
vs O
256.9 O

-DOCSTART- O

Canadian B-MISC
bonds O
open O
softer O
, O
spreads O
to O
U.S. B-LOC
shrink O
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Canadian B-MISC
bonds O
opened O
softer O
on O
Friday O
, O
pulled O
lower O
by O
a O
sinking O
U.S. B-LOC
market O
, O
but O
outperformed O
U.S. B-LOC
bonds O
on O
positive O
Canadian B-MISC
economic O
data O
, O
analysts O
said O
. O

" O
I O
think O
this O
morning O
's O
Canadian B-MISC
numbers O
were O
very O
supportive O
of O
narrower O
spreads O
, O
particularly O
the O
current O
account O
number O
, O
" O
said O
Jim B-PER
Webber I-PER
, O
director O
of O
fixed-income O
research O
with O
TD B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

Canada B-LOC
's O
8.0 O
percent O
bond O
due O
2023 O
fell O
C$ B-MISC
0.45 O
to O
C$ B-MISC
101.15 O
to O
yield O
7.894 O
percent O
. O

The O
U.S. B-LOC
30-year O
benchmark O
fell O
30/32 O
to O
yield O
7.12 O
percent O
. O

The O
spread O
between O
benchmark O
bonds O
narrowed O
77 O
basis O
points O
from O
81 O
basis O
points O
at O
the O
close O
of O
trading O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Statistics B-ORG
Canada I-ORG
on O
Friday O
reported O
Canada B-LOC
's O
current O
account O
moved O
to O
a O
higher-than-expected O
C$ B-MISC
1.15 O
billion O
second O
quarter O
surplus O
from O
a O
C$ B-MISC
1.62 O
billion O
deficit O
in O
the O
first O
quarter O
. O

It O
was O
the O
first O
surplus O
since O
the O
fourth O
quarter O
of O
1984 O
. O

The O
agency O
also O
reported O
Canada B-LOC
's O
real O
gross O
domestic O
product O
rose O
a O
weaker-than-expected O
0.3 O
percent O
in O
the O
second O
quarter O
or O
1.3 O
percent O
at O
an O
annualized O
rate O
. O

While O
the O
data O
provided O
support O
for O
Canadian B-MISC
bonds O
, O
both O
Canadian B-MISC
and O
U.S. B-LOC
markets O
weakened O
after O
the O
release O
of O
strong O
U.S. B-LOC
economic O
data O
, O
including O
a O
report O
showing O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
Purchasing I-ORG
Managers I-ORG
August O
index O
rose O
to O
60 O
from O
51.2 O
in O
July O
. O

" O
The O
purchasing O
managers O
' O
number O
is O
extremely O
, O
extremely O
strong O
, O
" O
said O
Webber B-PER
. O

In O
other O
news O
, O
the O
Toronto B-ORG
Bond I-ORG
Traders I-ORG
' I-ORG
Association I-ORG
said O
it O
is O
recommending O
that O
dealings O
in O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
bond O
market O
end O
early O
at O
1400 O
EDT O
/ O
1800 O
GMT B-MISC
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
Canadian B-MISC
market O
typically O
closes O
early O
on O
holiday O
weekends O
and O
Canadian B-MISC
financial O
markets O
will O
be O
closed O
on O
Monday O
for O
Labour B-MISC
Day I-MISC
. O

In O
other O
prices O
, O
the O
7.0 O
percent O
of O
2006 O
fell O
C$ B-MISC
0.28 O
to O
C$ B-MISC
96.89 O
to O
yield O
7.437 O
percent O
. O

The O
U.S. B-LOC
10-year O
benchmark O
fell O
21/32 O
to O
yield O
6.95 O
percent O
. O

The O
spread O
between O
the O
two O
bonds O
narrowed O
to O
49 O
basis O
points O
from O
54 O
basis O
points O
at O
the O
close O
of O
trading O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
three-month O
cash O
bill O
traded O
at O
4.04 O
percent O
against O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
three-month O
bill O
at O
5.26 O
percent O
. O

-- O
Jeffrey B-PER
Hodgson I-PER
( O
416 O
) O
941-8105 O
, O
e-mail O
: O
jeffrey.hodgson@reuters.com O

-DOCSTART- O

Aw O
Computer B-ORG
Systems I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
Q2 O
loss O
widens O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

1996 O
1995 O

Shr O
loss O
$ O
0.22 O
loss O
$ O
0.07 O

Net O
loss O
1,071 O
loss O
277 O

Revs O
130 O
1,279 O

Avg O
shrs O
4,841 O
3,990 O

First O
Half O

Shr O
loss O
$ O
0.42 O
loss O
$ O
0.21 O

Net O
loss O
1,967 O
loss O
841 O

Revs O
476 O
2,253 O

Avg O
shrs O
4,666 O
3,944 O

( O
All O
Data O
Above O
000s O
Except O
Per O
Share O
Numbers O
) O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Newsdesk I-ORG
212-859-1610 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

IPO O
FILING O
-- O
Homegate B-ORG
Hospitality I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Company O
Name B-MISC
Homegate B-ORG
Hospitality I-ORG
Inc I-ORG

Nasdaq B-MISC
Stock O
symbol O
HMGT O

Estimated O
price O
range O
N O
/ O
A O

Total O
shares O
to O
be O
offered O
N O
/ O
A O

Shrs O
offered O
by O
company O
N O
/ O
A O

Shrs O
outstanding O
after O
ipo O
N O
/ O
A O

Lead O
Underwriter O
Bear B-ORG
Stearns I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Inc I-ORG

Underwriters O
over-allotment O
N O
/ O
A O

Business O
: O
Company O
's O
goal O
is O
to O
become O
a O
national O
provider O
of O
high O
quality O
extended-stay O
hotels O
in O
strategically O
selected O
markets O
located O
throughout O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

Use O
of O
Proceeds O
: O
To O
finance O
the O
development O
of O
additional O
extended-stay O
hotels O
and O
other O
general O
corporate O
purposes O
. O

Financial O
Data O
in O
000s O
: O
1995 O
1994 O

- O
Revenue O
N O
/ O
A O
N O
/ O
A O

- O
Net O
Income O
N O
/ O
A O
N O
/ O
A O

-DOCSTART- O

Syria B-LOC
slams O
Israel B-LOC
on O
settlements O
. O

DAMASCUS B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Syria B-LOC
on O
Friday O
condemned O
Israel B-LOC
's O
settlement O
policy O
and O
said O
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
was O
preparing O
for O
war O
with O
Arabs B-MISC
. O

" O
Practices O
of O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
government O
, O
especially O
its O
settlement O
activities O
, O
came O
to O
confirm O
that O
dealing O
with O
this O
government O
inflicts O
the O
biggest O
harm O
on O
the O
Arab B-MISC
cause O
, O
" O
state-run O
Damascus B-ORG
Radio I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
commentary O
. O

" O
When O
this O
government O
insists O
on O
stabbing O
the O
peace O
process O
and O
tearing O
it O
apart O
, O
this O
means O
that O
it O
is O
preparing O
for O
war O
, O
" O
the O
radio O
said O
. O

Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
described O
this O
week O
the O
decision O
to O
expand O
settlements O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
as O
a O
declaration O
of O
war O
. O

Palestinians B-MISC
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
observed O
a O
strike O
on O
Thursday O
to O
protest O
against O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
move O
. O

The O
radio O
urged O
Arabs B-MISC
to O
unify O
their O
ranks O
to O
thwart O
the O
policies O
of O
the O
right-wing O
Israeli B-MISC
government O
. O

" O
Israel B-LOC
could O
not O
confront O
a O
united O
Arab B-MISC
stand O
or O
usurp O
their O
rights O
because O
the O
Arab B-MISC
rights O
could O
be O
regained O
when O
they O
achieve O
unity O
and O
solidarity O
, O
" O
Damascus B-LOC
radio O
said O
. O

It O
welcomed O
the O
international O
criticism O
of O
Israel B-LOC
's O
settlement O
policies O
but O
called O
for O
practical O
steps O
to O
force O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
government O
to O
abandon O
this O
policy O
. O

" O
It O
is O
important O
to O
translate O
the O
criticism O
into O
pressuring O
action O
to O
prevent O
Israel B-LOC
from O
undermining O
the O
big O
international O
efforts O
aimed O
at O
making O
the O
peace O
process O
achieve O
success O
, O
" O
the O
radio O
said O
. O

Syria B-LOC
and O
Arabs B-MISC
have O
been O
dismayed O
by O
Netanyahu B-PER
's O
refusal O
to O
trade O
the O
occupied O
Arab B-MISC
lands O
for O
peace O
, O
his O
support O
for O
the O
expansion O
of O
settlements O
and O
his O
insistance O
on O
Jerusalem B-LOC
as O
a O
unifed O
capital O
for O
Israel B-LOC
. O

Syria B-LOC
has O
held O
sporadic O
peace O
talks O
with O
Israel B-LOC
since O
1991 O
without O
achieving O
a O
breakthrough O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Egypt B-LOC
police O
detain O
26 O
suspected O
Moslem B-MISC
militants O
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Police O
have O
detained O
26 O
suspected O
members O
of O
Egypt B-LOC
's O
largest O
militant O
group O
al-Gama'a B-ORG
al-Islamiya I-ORG
( O
Islamic B-ORG
Group I-ORG
) O
, O
government O
newspapers O
reported O
on O
Friday O
. O

They O
said O
police O
arrested O
the O
militants O
in O
the O
eastern O
Sharqiyah B-LOC
province O
after O
capturing O
their O
leader O
Rami B-PER
al-Saadani I-PER
in O
a O
satellite O
city O
outside O
Cairo B-LOC
. O

Al-Akhbar B-ORG
newspapers O
said O
the O
men O
had O
been O
plotting O
against O
" O
strategic O
institutions O
and O
prominent O
individuals O
" O
but O
gave O
no O
other O
details O
. O

The O
newspapers O
said O
the O
men O
were O
being O
interrogated O
. O

State O
security O
officials O
were O
not O
immediately O
available O
for O
comment O
. O

More O
than O
960 O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
the O
armed O
struggle O
the O
Gama'a B-MISC
launched O
in O
1992 O
to O
topple O
President O
Hosni B-PER
Mubarak I-PER
's O
government O
and O
establish O
a O
purist O
Islamic B-MISC
state O
in O
its O
place O

-DOCSTART- O

Israel B-LOC
blocks O
Palestinian B-MISC
pilgrims O
' O
progress O
. O

Sami B-PER
Aboudi I-PER

AL-RAM B-LOC
, O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Kamil B-PER
Jamil I-PER
did O
n't O
have O
a O
prayer O
. O

An O
Israeli B-MISC
roadblock O
stopped O
the O
38-year-old O
Palestinian B-MISC
from O
answering O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
's O
call O
to O
worship O
at O
Jerusalem B-LOC
's O
al-Aqsa B-LOC
mosque O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
Go O
home O
. O

There O
are O
no O
prayers O
today O
, O
" O
an O
Israeli B-MISC
soldier O
yelled O
at O
Jamil B-PER
in O
Hebrew B-MISC
. O

Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Arafat B-PER
, O
attacking O
Israel B-LOC
's O
decision O
to O
expand O
Jewish B-MISC
settlements O
and O
its O
policy O
on O
Jerusalem B-LOC
, O
went O
before O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
legislature O
on O
Wednesday O
to O
urge O
the O
two O
million O
Arabs B-MISC
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
to O
go O
to O
the O
holy O
city O
. O

Pilgrims O
stood O
little O
chance O
of O
making O
progress O
. O

Palestinians B-MISC
have O
been O
banned O
by O
Israel B-LOC
from O
travelling O
from O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
to O
Jerusalem B-LOC
since O
suicide O
bombings O
by O
Moslem B-MISC
militants O
killed O
59 O
people O
in O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
state O
in O
February O
and O
March O
. O

And O
Israeli B-MISC
checkpoints O
have O
circled O
Jerusalem B-LOC
since O
1993 O
, O
a O
concrete O
and O
constant O
reminder O
of O
Israel B-LOC
's O
hold O
on O
a O
city O
it O
considers O
its O
eternal O
capital O
. O

The O
PLO B-ORG
wants O
Arab B-LOC
East I-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
as O
the O
capital O
of O
a O
future O
Palestinian B-MISC
state O
. O

Only O
a O
few O
Palestinians B-MISC
trickled O
to O
the O
roadblocks O
. O

They O
were O
immediately O
turned O
back O
. O

" O
I O
am O
heeding O
Abu B-PER
Ammar I-PER
's O
( O
Arafat B-PER
's O
) O
call O
to O
pray O
at O
al-Aqsa B-LOC
and O
I O
came O
. O

It O
is O
our O
duty O
towards O
al-Aqsa B-LOC
to O
come O
and O
pray O
, O
" O
Jamil B-PER
said O
. O

A O
tourist O
from O
Jordan B-LOC
was O
also O
told O
by O
Israeli B-MISC
soldiers O
at O
the O
al-Ram B-LOC
checkpoint O
that O
he O
could O
not O
enter O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
have O
a O
peace O
treaty O
with O
them O
and O
we O
let O
them O
go O
wherever O
they O
want O
when O
they O
come O
to O
Jordan B-LOC
, O
" O
said O
the O
tourist O
, O
Khaled B-PER
Hijazi I-PER
, O
37 O
. O
" O

I O
feel O
terrible O
. O

I O
am O
entitled O
to O
see O
Jerusalem B-LOC
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Some O
Palestinians B-MISC
took O
to O
back O
roads O
, O
only O
to O
run O
into O
waiting O
Israeli B-MISC
security O
forces O
. O

" O
The O
Israelis B-MISC
have O
no O
right O
to O
prevent O
us O
from O
going O
to O
pray O
. O

What O
kind O
of O
peace O
is O
this O
that O
prevents O
us O
from O
reaching O
our O
holy O
places O
? O
" O

asked O
Mustafa B-PER
Hoshiyeh I-PER
, O
a O
27-year-old O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
labourer O
turned O
around O
by O
a O
police O
patrol O
on O
a O
back O
road O
. O

" O
Abu B-PER
Ammar I-PER
( O
Arafat B-PER
) O
is O
right O
. O

We O
have O
signed O
a O
peace O
treaty O
with O
the O
Israelis B-MISC
but O
on O
the O
ground O
, O
we O
see O
that O
nothing O
has O
changed O
, O
" O
said O
20-year-old O
Ali B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
from O
Qalandia B-LOC
refugee O
camp O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESALE O
- O
Bay B-ORG
Co I-ORG
Bldg I-ORG
Auth I-ORG
, O
Mich B-LOC
.. O

AMT O
: O
1,200,000 O
DATE O
: O
09/05/96 O
NYC B-MISC
Time O
: O
1600 O
CUSIP O
: O
072261 O

ISSUER O
: O
Bay B-ORG
Co I-ORG
Building I-ORG
Authority I-ORG
ST O
: O
MI B-LOC

ISSUE O
: O
Bldg O
auth O
( O
law O
enforcement O
ctr O
) O
Series O
1996-A O
TAX O
STAT O
: O
Exempt-REV O

M O
/ O
SP O
/ O
F O
: O
NA O
/ O
NA O
/ O
NA O
BOOK O
ENTRY O
: O
N O

ENHANCEMENTS O
: O
None O
BANK O
QUAL O
: O
Y O

DTD O
: O
09/01/96 O
SURE O
BID O
: O
Y O

DUE O
: O
11/1/96-11 O
SR O
MGR O
: O

1ST O
CPN O
: O
11/01/96 O

CALL O
: O
11/1/05 O
@ O
101 O
, O
dtp O
11/1/07 O
NIC O

DELIVERY O
: O
45 O
days O
approx O
ORDERS O
: O

PAYING O
AGENT O
: O
Michigan B-ORG
National I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
, O
Detroit B-LOC

L.O. O
: O
Bodman B-ORG
, I-ORG
Longely I-ORG
& I-ORG
Dahling I-ORG
, O
Detroit B-LOC

F.A. O
: O
First B-ORG
of I-ORG
Michigan I-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
, O
Detroit B-LOC

LAST O
SALE O
: O
None O

Year O
Amount O
Coupon O
Yield O
Price O
Conc O
. O

1996 O
45,000 O

1997 O
50,000 O

1998 O
55,000 O

1999 O
55,000 O

2000 O
60,000 O

2001 O
65,000 O

2002 O
70,000 O

2003 O
70,000 O

2004 O
75,000 O

2005 O
80,000 O

2006 O
85,000 O

2007 O
90,000 O

2008 O
90,000 O

2009 O
95,000 O

2010 O
105,000 O

2011 O
110,000 O

COMPETITIVE O
PRE-SALE O
CONTRIBUTED O
BY O
J.J. B-ORG
KENNY I-ORG
K-SHEETS O
: O

-DOCSTART- O

Consumer O
spending O
, O
incomes O
edge O
up O
in O
July O
. O

Glenn B-PER
Somerville I-PER

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Consumer O
spending O
barely O
edged O
up O
in O
July O
, O
the O
Commerce B-ORG
Department I-ORG
said O
Friday O
, O
as O
income O
growth O
slowed O
abruptly O
to O
the O
weakest O
pace O
in O
six O
months O
. O

Spending O
rose O
0.2 O
percent O
to O
a O
seasonally O
adjusted O
annual O
rate O
of O
$ O
5.15 O
trillion O
after O
dropping O
a O
revised O
0.4 O
percent O
in O
June O
. O

Incomes O
from O
wages O
, O
salaries O
and O
all O
other O
sources O
gained O
0.1 O
percent O
to O
a O
rate O
of O
$ O
6.47 O
trillion O
after O
a O
0.9 O
percent O
jump O
in O
June O
. O

Department O
officials O
said O
July O
's O
slight O
gain O
in O
incomes O
was O
the O
weakest O
for O
any O
month O
since O
January O
, O
when O
they O
were O
flat O
. O

Wages O
and O
salaries O
came O
under O
pressure O
in O
July O
as O
a O
shorter O
average O
workweek O
and O
lower O
hourly O
earnings O
cut O
into O
paychecks O
. O

The O
department O
said O
wages O
and O
salaries O
decreased O
by O
$ O
6.9 O
billion O
in O
July O
after O
climbing O
$ O
45 O
billion O
in O
June O
. O

" O
In O
July O
, O
average O
weekly O
hours O
and O
average O
hourly O
earnings O
declined O
, O
more O
than O
offsetting O
the O
effect O
of O
an O
increase O
in O
employment O
, O
" O
Commerce B-ORG
said O
. O

But O
more O
money O
went O
into O
savings O
accounts O
, O
as O
savings O
held O
at O
5.3 O
cents O
out O
of O
each O
dollar O
earned O
in O
both O
June O
and O
July O
. O

That O
was O
the O
highest O
savings O
rate O
since O
October O
last O
year O
, O
when O
5.5 O
cents O
out O
of O
each O
dollar O
earned O
was O
being O
saved O
. O

The O
generally O
lackluster O
report O
on O
spending O
and O
incomes O
in O
July O
had O
been O
expected O
. O

At O
the O
same O
time O
, O
the O
department O
said O
in O
a O
separate O
report O
that O
new O
orders O
received O
by O
U.S. B-LOC
factories O
climbed O
strongly O
in O
July O
, O
with O
widespread O
gains O
across O
most O
major O
categories O
. O

Orders O
increased O
1.8 O
percent O
to O
a O
seasonally O
adjusted O
$ O
317.6 O
billion O
, O
significantly O
stronger O
than O
the O
1 O
percent O
rise O
forecast O
by O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
economists O
. O

That O
followed O
a O
revised O
0.7 O
percent O
decline O
in O
June O
orders O
. O

Commerce O
said O
previously O
that O
spending O
at O
retail O
stores O
was O
up O
only O
0.1 O
percent O
in O
July O
, O
partly O
because O
of O
softer O
sales O
of O
new O
cars O
and O
light O
trucks O
. O

In O
addition O
, O
the O
Labour B-ORG
Department I-ORG
's O
July O
employment O
report O
had O
foreshadowed O
the O
muted O
income O
growth O
. O

It O
showed O
average O
hourly O
earnings O
fell O
in O
July O
by O
0.2 O
percent O
to O
$ O
11.00 O
and O
the O
average O
workweek O
shortened O
to O
34.3 O
hours O
from O
34.7 O
in O
June O
. O

Gains O
in O
personal O
income O
, O
which O
includes O
wages O
and O
salaries O
as O
well O
as O
income O
from O
sources O
such O
as O
dividends O
, O
interest O
and O
businesses O
, O
are O
essential O
for O
funding O
consumer O
purchases O
, O
which O
fuel O
two-thirds O
of O
national O
economic O
activity O
. O

Spending O
on O
all O
types O
of O
durable O
goods O
, O
which O
includes O
cars O
, O
fell O
to O
an O
annual O
rate O
of O
$ O
626.3 O
billion O
in O
July O
from O
$ O
633.6 O
billion O
in O
June O
. O

But O
spending O
on O
nondurable O
products O
increased O
moderately O
to O
a O
rate O
of O
$ O
1.55 O
trillion O
from O
$ O
1.54 O
trillion O
in O
June O
, O
while O
spending O
for O
services O
was O
up O
to O
$ O
2.97 O
trillion O
in O
July O
from O
$ O
2.96 O
trillion O
. O

Payrolls O
of O
manufacturing O
companies O
rose O
in O
July O
by O
$ O
2.3 O
billion O
to O
an O
annual O
rate O
of O
$ O
678 O
billion O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

World O
Markets O
Overnight O
Summary O
- O
Aug O
30 O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

WORLD O
MARKETS O
ROUND-UP O

STOCKS O
GOLD O
METALS O

NY B-MISC
Dow I-MISC
close O
London B-LOC
opening O
LME B-ORG
close O

5647.65 O
( O
- O
64.73 O
) O
$ O
387.70 O
copper O
per O
tonne O

Nikkei B-MISC
latest O
CRUDE O
OIL O
$ O
1987.0 O

20202.87 O
( O
- O
350.29 O
) O
Sept O
Brent B-ORG
zinc O
per O
tonne O

FTSE B-MISC
close O
$ O
21.25 O
$ O
1000.0 O

3885.0 O
( O
- O
33.7 O
) O

----- O
oOo----- O

STOCKS O
SINK O
AS O
BOND O
RATES O
JUMP O
ON O
STRONG O
DATA O

Blue-chip O
stocks O
sank O
to O
their O
biggest O
loss O
since O
mid-July O
Thursday O
as O
fresh O
signs O
of O
a O
surprisingly O
strong O
economy O
boosted O
long-term O
bond O
interest O
rates O
above O
7 O
percent O
. O

The O
dollar O
rose O
slightly O
against O
the O
German B-MISC
mark O
, O
but O
edged O
lower O
against O
the O
Japanese B-MISC
yen O
. O

The O
Dow B-MISC
Jones I-MISC
industrial O
average O
ended O
down O
64.73 O
points O
at O
5,647.65 O
, O
its O
largest O
drop O
since O
July O
15 O
, O
when O
it O
closed O
with O
a O
loss O
of O
161 O
points O
. O

In O
the O
broader O
market O
, O
declining O
issues O
beat O
advances O
1,627 O
to O
743 O
on O
moderate O
volume O
of O
321 O
million O
shares O
on O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
. O

In O
the O
bond O
market O
, O
the O
30-year O
Treasury B-ORG
bond O
fell O
23/32 O
of O
a O
point O
, O
or O
$ O
7.1875 O
on O
a O
$ O
1,000 O
bond O
, O
raising O
its O
yield O
to O
7.04 O
percent O
-- O
the O
highest O
since O
July O
31 O
-- O
from O
6.98 O
percent O
at O
Wednesday O
's O
close O
. O

" O
Seven O
percent O
creates O
psychological O
problems O
and O
a O
legitimate O
competitor O
for O
money O
from O
equities O
, O
" O
said O
Ralph B-PER
Bloch I-PER
, O
chief O
technical O
analyst O
at O
Raymond B-PER
James I-PER
. O

" O
We O
could O
carry O
another O
100 O
points O
lower O
in O
the O
Dow B-MISC
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

I O
'm O
telling O
clients O
things O
are O
dicey O
going O
into O
next O
Friday O
( O
Sept O
. O

6 O
) O
so O
let O
's O
be O
careful O
. O
" O

Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
on O
Sept O
. O

6 O
faces O
the O
key O
monthly O
employment O
report O
, O
which O
has O
been O
known O
to O
cause O
dramatic O
swings O
in O
stock O
prices O
. O

" O
We O
had O
two O
very O
strong O
economic O
reports O
, O
" O
said O
David B-PER
Shulman I-PER
, O
Salomon B-ORG
Bros I-ORG
. I-ORG
' O

chief O
equity O
strategist O
. O
" O

There O
are O
more O
worries O
in O
bond O
land O
. O

Fears O
of O
a O
Fed B-ORG
tightening O
next O
month O
have O
resurfaced O
for O
the O
first O
time O
since O
the O
end O
of O
July O
. O
" O

The O
Commerce B-ORG
Department I-ORG
reported O
that O
the O
nation O
's O
gross O
domestic O
product O
expanded O
at O
a O
4.8 O
percent O
annual O
rate O
in O
the O
three O
months O
from O
April O
through O
June O
instead O
of O
the O
4.2 O
percent O
estimated O
a O
month O
ago O
. O

In O
another O
report O
, O
sales O
of O
new O
homes O
jumped O
unexpectedly O
in O
July O
to O
the O
briskest O
rate O
in O
five O
months O
, O
driving O
prices O
up O
in O
a O
strong O
housing O
market O
. O

Sales O
shot O
up O
7.9 O
percent O
last O
month O
to O
a O
seasonally O
adjusted O
annual O
rate O
of O
783,000 O
units O
-- O
the O
strongest O
since O
February O
, O
when O
new O
homes O
were O
selling O
at O
a O
rate O
of O
784,000 O
a O
year O
. O

Analysts O
said O
the O
stock O
market O
was O
also O
worried O
about O
the O
impact O
on O
President O
Clinton B-PER
's O
re-election O
bid O
of O
his O
top O
political O
strategist O
resigning O
. O

Dick B-PER
Morris I-PER
, O
who O
is O
credited O
with O
resurrecting O
Clinton B-PER
's O
political O
fortunes O
over O
the O
past O
18 O
months O
by O
masterminding O
his O
turn O
to O
the O
political O
centre O
, O
quit O
after O
a O
supermarket O
tabloid O
reported O
he O
engaged O
in O
a O
yearlong O
affair O
with O
a O
prostitute O
, O
with O
whom O
he O
allegedly O
shared O
confidential O
campaign O
documents O
. O

Analysts O
said O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
had O
grown O
accustomed O
to O
a O
moderate O
Republican B-MISC
in O
the O
form O
of O
Democratic B-MISC
President O
Clinton B-PER
. O

Morris B-PER
' O
departure O
raised O
fears O
that O
Clinton B-PER
would O
veer O
more O
to O
the O
left O
in O
a O
second O
term O
. O

The O
dollar O
closed O
at O
1.4772 O
marks O
, O
up O
from O
1.4767 O
late O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
dollar O
slipped O
to O
108.40 O
yen O
from O
108.45 O
. O

Oil O
markets O
rose O
sharply O
on O
a O
combination O
of O
low O
stocks O
, O
two O
hurricanes O
and O
allegations O
of O
illicit O
trading O
by O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

September O
heating O
oil O
on O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Mercantile I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
closed O
1.63 O
cents O
higher O
at O
63.67 O
cents O
a O
gallon O
, O
September O
unleaded O
gasoline O
finished O
1.39 O
cents O
up O
at O
63.72 O
cents O
a O
gallon O
and O
October O
crude O
rose O
44 O
cents O
to O
$ O
22.15 O
a O
barrel O
. O

December O
cotton O
closed O
0.95 O
cent O
higher O
at O
77.06 O
cents O
per O
pound O
on O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Cotton I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
despite O
some O
easing O
of O
concern O
about O
the O
twin O
hurricane O
threat O
to O
key O
U.S. B-LOC
growing O
areas O
with O
forecasts O
indicating O
both O
storms O
may O
remain O
offshore O
. O

Overseas O
, O
London B-LOC
's O
FTSE B-MISC
100 I-MISC
index O
had O
earlier O
climbed O
to O
3,8921.1 O
just O
below O
its O
record O
of O
3,922.1 O
, O
before O
edging O
down O
through O
the O
afternoon O
session O
to O
finish O
the O
day O
at O
3,885.0 O
, O
a O
fall O
of O
33.7 O
points O
. O

In O
Tokyo B-LOC
, O
the O
key O
225-share O
Nikkei B-MISC
average O
shed O
156.65 O
points O
, O
or O
0.76 O
percent O
, O
to O
end O
at O
20,553.16 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Pirelli B-ORG
cables O
look O
to O
tap O
Chinese B-MISC
growth O
. O

David B-PER
Jones I-PER

MILAN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Italian B-MISC
tyre O
and O
cables O
giant O
Pirelli B-ORG
on O
Friday O
announced O
its O
long-awaited O
move O
into O
China B-LOC
with O
a O
cables O
joint O
venture O
set O
to O
capitalise O
on O
the O
rapidly-growing O
Chinese B-MISC
telecommunications O
market O
. O

Pirelli B-ORG
is O
linking O
with O
Hong B-MISC
Kong-based I-MISC
group O
CITIC B-ORG
Pacific I-ORG
in O
a O
venture O
to O
be O
called O
the O
Wuxi B-ORG
Tong I-ORG
Ling I-ORG
Company I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
, O
which O
will O
operate O
in O
partnership O
with O
a O
local O
industrial O
company O
at O
its O
existing O
factory O
in O
Wuxi B-LOC
, O
Jiangsu B-LOC
province O
, O
Shanghai B-LOC
. O

The O
partners O
will O
invest O
around O
$ O
30 O
million O
in O
the O
existing O
copper O
cable O
plant O
at O
Wuxi B-LOC
to O
update O
technology O
and O
include O
optic O
fibre O
production O
, O
with O
annual O
turnover O
expected O
to O
reach O
$ O
60 O
million O
within O
the O
next O
few O
years O
. O

The O
move O
marks O
a O
further O
move O
by O
Pirelli B-ORG
's O
cables O
division O
to O
expand O
in O
the O
fast-growing O
Far B-MISC
Eastern I-MISC
developing O
markets O
with O
the O
group O
already O
present O
in O
Indonesia B-LOC
, O
India B-LOC
and O
Malaysia B-LOC
. O

" O
This O
is O
really O
positive O
news O
for O
Pirelli B-ORG
, O
and O
I O
expect O
that O
it O
will O
produce O
one O
of O
the O
best O
half-year O
results O
in O
late O
September O
compared O
to O
other O
industrial O
Italian B-MISC
companies O
, O
" O
said O
analyst O
Paula B-PER
Buratti I-PER
at O
Indosuez B-ORG
. O

She O
emphasised O
that O
the O
move O
was O
positive O
because O
Pirelli B-ORG
will O
have O
management O
control O
of O
the O
Chinese B-MISC
venture O
, O
and O
it O
also O
showed O
another O
example O
of O
Pirelli B-ORG
exporting O
its O
technical O
know-how O
to O
developing O
markets O
. O

Pirelli B-ORG
shares O
reacted O
favourable O
even O
though O
talks O
had O
been O
underway O
for O
some O
time O
and O
news O
about O
a O
venture O
had O
been O
widely O
expected O
. O

The O
shares O
rose O
0.2 O
percent O
to O
2,555 O
lire O
by O
1350 O
GMT B-MISC
in O
an O
easier O
Milan B-LOC
stock O
market O
. O

This O
will O
be O
Pirelli B-ORG
's O
first O
industrial O
involvement O
in O
a O
Chinese B-MISC
market O
where O
demand O
for O
telecommunication O
networks O
is O
expected O
to O
grow O
to O
80-100 O
million O
new O
lines O
between O
1996 O
and O
2000 O
, O
doubling O
demand O
for O
optical O
cables O
. O

China B-LOC
's O
second O
largest O
telecoms O
operator O
Unicom B-ORG
already O
has O
a O
mandate O
from O
the O
central O
government O
to O
establish O
15 O
million O
new O
phone O
lines O
by O
the O
year O
2000 O
, O
which O
will O
necessitate O
new O
trunk O
line O
systems O
and O
local O
distribution O
networks O
. O

" O
The O
starting O
of O
this O
production O
base O
in O
China B-LOC
has O
for O
our O
group O
an O
undoubted O
strategic O
value O
, O
representing O
an O
important O
enhancement O
of O
our O
presence O
in O
Asia B-LOC
, O
" O
said O
Pirelli B-ORG
SpA I-ORG
chairman O
and O
chief O
executive O
officer O
Marco B-PER
Tonchetti I-PER
Provera I-PER
. O

Pirelli B-ORG
Cables I-ORG
has O
global O
sales O
of O
over O
$ O
3.5 O
billion O
, O
and O
has O
become O
a O
large O
supplier O
of O
optic O
cables O
and O
systems O
to O
major O
telecoms O
carriers O
in O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
, O
Europe B-LOC
and O
the O
Far B-LOC
East I-LOC
. O

CITIC B-ORG
Pacific I-ORG
is O
a O
major O
Hong B-MISC
Kong-listed I-MISC
company O
focusing O
on O
infrastruture O
, O
trading O
, O
distribution O
and O
property O
, O
with O
28 O
percent O
of O
its O
1995 O
profits O
coming O
from O
telecoms O
. O

It O
has O
investments O
in O
several O
industrial O
joint O
ventures O
in O
China B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dutch B-MISC
bond O
futures O
revival O
delayed O
- O
EOE B-ORG
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

A O
broad O
attempt O
to O
spur O
activity O
in O
Dutch B-MISC
bond O
futures O
has O
been O
delayed O
to O
give O
participants O
a O
chance O
to O
become O
familiar O
with O
the O
trading O
system O
, O
the O
European B-ORG
Options I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
EOE B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Market-making O
in O
the O
rarely-traded O
FTO B-ORG
contract O
was O
expected O
to O
begin O
today O
, O
but O
an O
EOE B-ORG
spokesman O
said O
the O
10 O
banks O
and O
brokers O
involved O
in O
the O
initiative O
needed O
time O
to O
get O
accustomed O
to O
changes O
in O
the O
electronic O
trading O
system O
. O

" O
It O
's O
not O
ready O
yet O
. O

We O
found O
it O
wise O
to O
take O
some O
time O
between O
the O
commitment O
to O
start O
and O
the O
actual O
start O
, O
" O
EOE B-ORG
spokesman O
Lex B-PER
van I-PER
Drooge I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

He O
said O
no O
date O
had O
been O
fixed O
yet O
for O
the O
start O
of O
price O
making O
in O
the O
10-year O
contract O
, O
but O
the O
EOE B-ORG
had O
agreed O
to O
speak O
again O
to O
the O
participants O
in O
one O
to O
two O
weeks O
. O

Investors O
in O
Dutch B-MISC
bonds O
currently O
use O
German B-MISC
bond O
futures O
to O
hedge O
their O
portfolios O
because O
the O
FTO B-ORG
contract O
is O
so O
illiquid O
. O

A O
limited O
attempt O
to O
reinvigorate O
the O
contract O
two O
years O
ago O
failed O
. O

-- O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O
, O
Fax O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5040 O

-DOCSTART- O

OSCE B-ORG
defends O
record O
over O
Chechnya B-LOC
peace O
mission O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
head O
of O
an O
international O
mediating O
mission O
defended O
its O
record O
on O
Friday O
in O
the O
face O
of O
criticism O
by O
pro-Moscow O
leaders O
in O
breakway O
Chechnya B-LOC
and O
insisted O
it O
was O
doing O
its O
best O
to O
bring O
peace O
to O
the O
region O
. O

Flavio B-PER
Cotti I-PER
, O
the O
chairman O
of O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
( O
OSCE B-ORG
) O
, O
told O
German B-MISC
radio O
the O
Vienna-based B-MISC
body O
viewed O
the O
conflict O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
as O
an O
internal O
Russian B-MISC
problem O
. O

" O
The O
OSCE B-ORG
is O
completely O
involved O
. O

But O
one O
must O
not O
forget O
that O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
only O
has O
limited O
powers O
there O
, O
" O
said O
Cotti O
, O
who O
is O
also O
the O
Swiss B-MISC
foreign O
minister O
. O
" O

Our O
mission O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
has O
done O
all O
it O
can O
within O
the O
given O
limitations O
. O
" O

Pro-Moscow B-MISC
leaders O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
have O
criticised O
Tim B-PER
Guldimann I-PER
, O
the O
Swiss B-MISC
diplomat O
who O
heads O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
Chechnya B-LOC
mission O
, O
saying O
he O
was O
biased O
toward O
Zelimkhan B-PER
Yandarbiyev I-PER
, O
president O
of O
the O
self-declared O
separatist O
government O
. O

Russian B-MISC
peacemaker O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
and O
Chechen B-MISC
separatist O
military O
leader O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
started O
a O
new O
round O
of O
peace O
talks O
on O
Friday O
just O
outside O
the O
rebel O
region O
. O

Cotti B-PER
said O
Chechnya B-LOC
must O
remain O
part O
of O
Russia B-LOC
, O
but O
the O
solution O
to O
the O
conflict O
would O
be O
to O
accord O
the O
region O
maximum O
autonomy O
within O
Russia B-LOC
's O
borders O
. O

" O
There O
is O
no O
doubt O
that O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
according O
to O
OSCE B-ORG
principles O
, O
belongs O
to O
a O
state O
called O
Russia B-LOC
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
pointing O
out O
that O
Russia B-LOC
was O
an O
OSCE B-ORG
member O
and O
it O
was O
not O
the O
organisation O
's O
policy O
to O
challenge O
members O
' O
sovereignty O
. O

He O
added O
that O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
was O
the O
only O
international O
body O
which O
has O
been O
allowed O
into O
the O
Chechnya B-LOC
to O
monitor O
the O
human O
rights O
situation O
there O
, O
but O
that O
its O
means O
were O
restricted O
by O
the O
fact O
that O
the O
conflict O
was O
a O
" O
internal O
issue O
" O
. O

" O
We O
have O
a O
small O
concept O
, O
the O
details O
of O
which O
have O
yet O
to O
be O
worked O
out O
. O

Chechnya B-LOC
must O
be O
accorded O
the O
maximum O
autonomy O
possible O
within O
the O
framework O
of O
Russian B-MISC
integrity O
, O
" O
said O
Cotti B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dutch B-MISC
say O
no O
reason O
to O
reopen O
El B-ORG
Al I-ORG
carqo O
enquiry O
. O

THE B-LOC
HAGUE I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
Dutch B-MISC
transport O
minister O
Annemarie B-PER
Jorritsma I-PER
told O
the O
country O
' O
second O
chamber O
that O
there O
is O
no O
further O
need O
to O
investigate O
the O
1992 O
crash O
of O
an O
El B-ORG
Al I-ORG
freighter O
which O
left O
43 O
dead O
in O
an O
Amsterdam B-LOC
suburb O
. O

She O
said O
that O
a O
request O
from O
her O
ministry O
for O
the O
aircraft O
's O
waybill O
documentation O
and O
further O
information O
about O
the O
contents O
of O
its O
hold O
had O
been O
complied O
with O
by O
El B-ORG
Al I-ORG
's O
head O
office O
in O
Tel B-LOC
Aviv I-LOC
. O

The O
Dutch B-MISC
transport O
ministry O
had O
come O
in O
for O
pressure O
from O
a O
cross-section O
of O
Dutch B-MISC
members O
of O
parliaments O
in O
May O
this O
year O
, O
some O
of O
whom O
believed O
the O
aircraft O
had O
been O
carrying O
unlisted O
, O
dangerous O
goods O
. O

Others O
said O
they O
thought O
the O
aircraft O
was O
loaded O
with O
too O
much O
airfreight O
. O

Jorritsma B-PER
said O
the O
latest O
evidence O
from O
El B-ORG
Al I-ORG
in O
no O
way O
supported O
the O
allegations O
, O
and O
added O
there O
is O
no O
justification O
for O
a O
further O
investigation O
into O
the O
incident O
. O

-- O
Air B-ORG
Cargo I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
Tel+44 O
171 O
542 O
8982 O
Fax O
+44 O
171 O
542 O
5017 O

-DOCSTART- O

Armenians B-MISC
, O
Azeris B-MISC
hold O
peace O
talks O
in O
Germany B-LOC
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Representatives O
from O
Armenia B-LOC
and O
Azerbaijan B-LOC
held O
talks O
earlier O
this O
week O
in O
Germany B-LOC
on O
bringing O
a O
lasting O
peace O
to O
the O
disputed O
Nagorno-Karabakh B-LOC
region O
, O
a O
diplomatic O
source O
close O
to O
the O
talks O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
source O
, O
who O
spoke O
on O
condition O
of O
anonymity O
, O
said O
Azerbaijani B-PER
presidential O
adviser O
Vafa B-PER
Gulizade I-PER
and O
his O
Armenian B-MISC
counterpart O
Zhirayr B-PER
Liparityan I-PER
met O
to O
discuss O
the O
disputed O
enclave O
on O
Wednesday O
and O
had O
now O
flown O
home O
. O

An O
uneasy O
ceasefire O
has O
prevailed O
in O
Nagorno-Karabakh B-LOC
, O
which O
represents O
around O
20 O
percent O
of O
Azeri B-MISC
territory O
, O
since O
May O
1994 O
after O
ethnic O
Armenians B-MISC
drove O
Azeris B-MISC
out O
of O
the O
region O
. O

The O
conflict O
, O
which O
began O
in O
1988 O
, O
claimed O
over O
10,000 O
lives O
. O

" O
The O
main O
subject O
( O
of O
the O
talks O
) O
was O
the O
search O
for O
a O
peaceful O
solution O
for O
Nagorno-Karabakh B-LOC
, O
" O
the O
source O
said O
. O

He O
declined O
to O
reveal O
any O
more O
details O
about O
the O
content O
of O
the O
talks O
or O
their O
exact O
location O
in O
Germany B-LOC
. O

Azerbaijan B-LOC
has O
said O
it O
is O
prepared O
to O
grant O
autonomy O
to O
Nagorno-Karabakh B-LOC
if O
Armenian O
forces O
pull O
out O
, O
but O
will O
not O
accept O
Armenia B-LOC
's O
demands O
for O
the O
independence O
of O
the O
enclave O
. O

Russia B-LOC
's O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
reported O
on O
Tuesday O
the O
officials O
had O
departed O
for O
negotiations O
in O
Germany B-LOC
, O
adding O
that O
face-to-face O
talks O
between O
the O
two O
sides O
first O
took O
place O
last O
December O
in O
Amsterdam B-LOC
. O

Interfax B-ORG
said O
the O
discussions O
were O
being O
held O
in O
parallel O
with O
peace O
talks O
mediated O
by O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
( O
OSCE B-ORG
) O
and O
the O
broad-based O
Minsk B-ORG
Group I-ORG
of O
countries O
led O
by O
Russia B-LOC
and O
Finland B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Sombre O
mood O
on O
Arctic B-MISC
island O
after O
plane O
crash O
. O

Rolf B-PER
Soderlind I-PER

LONGYEAR B-LOC
, O
Norway B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
windblown O
, O
chilly O
streets O
of O
this O
tiny O
Arctic B-MISC
town O
are O
all O
but O
deserted O
and O
flags O
are O
flying O
at O
half-mast O
beneath O
a O
brooding O
, O
clouded O
sky O
. O

Longyear B-LOC
is O
a O
town O
in O
mourning O
, O
a O
close-knit O
community O
that O
has O
been O
shattered O
. O

Disaster O
struck O
on O
Thursday O
when O
a O
Russian B-MISC
airliner O
bringing O
coal O
miners O
to O
work O
crashed O
as O
it O
came O
in O
to O
land O
at O
the O
airport O
, O
killing O
all O
141 O
people O
on O
board O
. O

" O
It O
's O
a O
sight O
I O
will O
never O
forget O
. O

I O
will O
remember O
it O
for O
the O
rest O
of O
my O
life O
, O
" O
said O
Stig B-PER
Onarheim I-PER
. O

He O
was O
one O
of O
a O
handful O
of O
rescuers O
who O
raced O
to O
the O
scene O
of O
the O
crash O
in O
a O
helicopter O
on O
Thursday O
, O
hoping O
in O
vain O
to O
find O
survivors O
. O

The O
plane O
smashed O
into O
a O
snow-capped O
mountain O
on O
the O
Arctic B-MISC
island O
of O
Spitzbergen B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
, O
just O
east O
of O
Longyear B-LOC
. O

" O
Imagine O
a O
big O
plane O
with O
a O
lot O
of O
luggage O
and O
people O
on O
board O
. O

Think O
of O
all O
that O
mixed O
together O
, O
with O
twisted O
, O
wrecked O
parts O
on O
the O
slope O
, O
" O
Onarheim B-LOC
, O
29 O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Police O
and O
local O
officials O
have O
sealed O
off O
the O
crash O
site O
, O
protecting O
it O
from O
intrusive O
reporters O
and O
from O
the O
polar O
bears O
that O
roam O
freely O
across O
the O
icy O
expanses O
. O

The O
dead O
were O
all O
Russians B-MISC
and O
Ukrainians B-MISC
, O
coming O
to O
work O
in O
the O
mining O
towns O
of O
Barentsburg B-LOC
and O
Pyramiden B-LOC
. O

Longyear B-LOC
is O
a O
Norwegian B-MISC
settlement O
of O
just O
over O
1,000 O
people O
, O
but O
it O
also O
feels O
the O
loss O
keenly O
. O

" O
I O
have O
trouble O
finding O
the O
words O
to O
express O
my O
grief O
. O

It O
's O
a O
tragedy O
for O
everyone O
. O

We O
know O
many O
of O
the O
people O
who O
live O
in O
Barentsburg B-LOC
, O
some O
of O
them O
could O
have O
been O
on O
the O
plane O
, O
" O
said O
Johan B-PER
Sletten I-PER
, O
52 O
. O

Sletten B-PER
, O
a O
caretaker O
who O
has O
lived O
on O
the O
island O
for O
30 O
years O
, O
said O
the O
Norwegian B-MISC
and O
Russian B-MISC
communities O
visit O
frequently O
, O
competing O
at O
soccer O
in O
the O
summer O
and O
with O
snow-scooter O
races O
in O
the O
winter O
. O

Teenage O
shop O
assistant O
Heidi B-PER
Groenstein I-PER
was O
blunter O
. O

" O
I O
'm O
glad O
it O
was O
not O
a O
Norwegian B-MISC
plane O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O
" O

Just O
think O
of O
it O
-- O
a O
mining O
village O
where O
so O
many O
workers O
die O
. O

They O
must O
be O
having O
a O
tough O
time O
of O
it O
now O
. O
" O

Barentsburg B-LOC
, O
just O
a O
few O
hours O
ride O
by O
snow-scooter O
or O
15 O
minutes O
by O
helicopter O
from O
Longyear B-LOC
, O
has O
asked O
to O
be O
left O
alone O
with O
its O
grief O
and O
told O
reporters O
to O
stay O
away O
. O

Around O
100 O
Russian B-MISC
and O
Ukrainian B-MISC
miners O
were O
waiting O
in O
Longyear B-LOC
to O
fly O
home O
on O
the O
plane O
that O
crashed O
. O

They O
were O
given O
shelter O
in O
the O
town O
's O
church O
overnight O
and O
ate O
a O
sombre O
breakfast O
before O
getting O
on O
a O
bus O
for O
the O
airport O
. O

Another O
plane O
had O
been O
sent O
from O
Moscow B-LOC
to O
pick O
them O
up O
. O

At O
this O
time O
of O
year O
, O
the O
only O
colour O
in O
Longyear B-LOC
comes O
from O
the O
brightly-painted O
wooden O
houses O
. O

Everything O
else O
is O
muddy O
, O
the O
waters O
of O
the O
fjord O
leaden O
. O

Winter O
is O
in O
the O
air O
. O

Barentsburg B-LOC
is O
an O
even O
grimmer O
place O
, O
a O
run-down O
testament O
to O
the O
hardships O
of O
the O
new O
Russia B-LOC
. O

Spitzbergen B-LOC
lies O
some O
500 O
miles O
( O
800 O
km O
) O
off O
the O
northern O
tip O
of O
Norway B-LOC
and O
endures O
one O
of O
the O
most O
extreme O
climates O
on O
the O
planet O
. O

Inhabited O
by O
fewer O
than O
3,000 O
people O
in O
total O
, O
it O
sees O
the O
sun O
for O
24 O
hours O
a O
day O
during O
summer O
and O
is O
plunged O
into O
round-the-clock O
darkness O
in O
the O
winter O
months O
. O

The O
terrain O
is O
mountainous O
, O
the O
only O
roads O
are O
dirt O
tracks O
. O

Norway B-LOC
rules O
the O
island O
group O
under O
the O
terms O
of O
a O
1920s O
international O
treaty O
which O
gave O
many O
other O
nations O
the O
right O
to O
establish O
setttlements O
and O
exploit O
the O
coal O
that O
is O
still O
mined O
there O
. O

Only O
Russia B-LOC
has O
chosen O
to O
do O
so O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ericsson B-ORG
says O
wins O
1.2 O
bln O
SKR O
China B-LOC
order O
. O

STOCKHOLM B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Swedish B-MISC
telecoms O
group O
LM B-ORG
Ericsson I-ORG
AB I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
it O
won O
an O
order O
worth O
1.2 O
billion O
crowns O
for O
a O
fixed O
public O
telecoms O
network O
in O
the O
Guangdong B-LOC
province O
of O
China B-LOC
. O

Ericsson B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
the O
order O
was O
from O
the O
Guangdong B-ORG
Post I-ORG
and I-ORG
Telecommunications I-ORG
Administration I-ORG
( O
GPTA B-ORG
) O
. O

The O
order O
included O
AXE B-MISC
switching O
equipment O
, O
ISDN O
equipment O
, O
Intelligent B-MISC
Network I-MISC
( O
IN B-MISC
) O
products O
, O
broad-band O
multi-media O
communication O
network O
products O
, O
services O
and O
training O
, O
Ericsson B-ORG
spokesman O
Per B-PER
Zetterquist I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Deliveries O
are O
due O
to O
be O
completed O
by O
1999 O
, O
the O
company O
said O
. O

-- O
Stockholm B-LOC
newsroom O
+46-8-700 O
1017 O

-DOCSTART- O

HK B-LOC
has O
infrastructure O
in O
place O
for O
post-97 O
- O
Tsang B-PER
. O

AUCKLAND B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
Financial O
Secretary O
Donald B-PER
Tsang I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
the O
territory O
had O
the O
" O
infrastructural O
hardware O
" O
to O
make O
a O
success O
of O
its O
future O
under O
Chinese B-MISC
sovereignty O
from O
mid-1997 O
. O

" O
We O
have O
the O
largest O
and O
most O
efficient O
port O
on O
the O
South B-LOC
China I-LOC
coast O
; O
we O
have O
the O
best O
transport O
and O
telecommunications O
infrastructure O
in O
the O
world O
; O
and O
we O
are O
investing O
in O
this O
hardware O
on O
an O
enormous O
scale O
, O
" O
Tsang B-PER
said O
in O
a O
speech O
to O
Auckland B-LOC
during O
a O
visit O
to O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
. O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
also O
had O
the O
necessary O
" O
constitutional O
infrastructure O
" O
in O
place O
, O
with O
the O
promise O
of O
autonomy O
in O
running O
its O
affairs O
after O
the O
handover O
from O
Britain B-LOC
to O
China B-LOC
. O

" O
What O
this O
means O
in O
practice O
is O
that O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
will O
go O
on O
raising O
its O
own O
taxes O
, O
issuing O
its O
own O
currency O
, O
setting O
its O
own O
expenditure O
priorities O
and O
managing O
its O
own O
enormous O
financial O
reserves O
, O
" O
Tsang B-PER
said O
. O

He O
acknowledged O
that O
many O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
people O
had O
decided O
to O
seek O
their O
future O
elsewhere O
and O
others O
were O
sure O
to O
follow O
in O
the O
next O
nine O
months O
. O
" O

But O
for O
the O
great O
majority O
of O
us O
, O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
is O
our O
home O
and O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
's O
future O
is O
our O
future O
. O
" O

-- O
Wellington B-LOC
newsroom O
64 O
4 O
473-4746 O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Indonesian B-MISC
newspapers O
- O
August O
30 O
. O

Following O
is O
a O
summary O
of O
major O
Indonesian B-MISC
political O
and O
business O
stories O
in O
leading O
newspapers O
, O
prepared O
by O
Reuters B-ORG
in O
Jakarta B-LOC
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
checked O
the O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
guarantee O
their O
accuracy O
. O

Telephone O
: O
( O
6221 O
) O
384-6364 O
. O

Fax O
: O
( O
6221 O
) O
344-8404 O
. O

- O
- O
- O
- O

KOMPAS B-ORG

Indonesian B-MISC
President O
Suharto B-PER
has O
asked O
businessmen O
to O
share O
their O
experiences O
with O
each O
other O
in O
an O
effort O
to O
boost O
the O
country O
's O
exports O
. O

- O
- O
- O
- O

JAKARTA B-ORG
POST I-ORG

Speaker O
of O
the O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Representatives I-ORG
Wahono B-PER
has O
called O
on O
those O
serving O
in O
high O
state O
institutions O
to O
direct O
their O
efforts O
in O
the O
coming O
years O
towards O
dismantling O
all O
barriers O
to O
social O
justice O
. O

An O
agreement O
to O
bring O
peace O
to O
the O
southern O
Philippines B-LOC
is O
set O
to O
be O
initialed O
on O
Friday O
after O
delegates O
from O
the O
Philippine B-LOC
government O
and O
the O
Moro B-ORG
National I-ORG
Liberation I-ORG
Front I-ORG
( O
MNLF B-ORG
) O
concluded O
negotiations O
on O
the O
treaty O
which O
is O
set O
to O
end O
almost O
25 O
years O
of O
conflict O
in O
the O
region O
. O

- O
- O
- O
- O

MEDIA B-ORG
INDONESIA I-ORG

Around O
2,000 O
of O
Indonesia B-LOC
's O
controversial O
Timor O
national O
car O
made O
by O
Kia B-ORG
Motor I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
of O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
arrived O
at O
Jakarta B-LOC
's O
Tanjung B-LOC
Priok I-LOC
port O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
cars O
will O
be O
jointly O
marketed O
by O
Kia B-ORG
and O
PT B-ORG
Timor I-ORG
Putra I-ORG
Nasional I-ORG
, O
controlled O
by O
a O
son O
of O
President O
Suharto B-PER
, O
which O
plans O
next O
year O
to O
start O
assembling O
the O
vehicles O
in O
Indonesia B-LOC
. O

- O
- O
- O
- O

REPUBLIKA B-ORG

The O
Central B-ORG
Jakarta I-ORG
District I-ORG
Court I-ORG
has O
started O
to O
hear O
the O
suit O
filed O
by O
ousted O
Indonesian B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PDI B-ORG
) O
leader O
Megawati B-PER
Sukarnoputri I-PER
against O
the O
government O
and O
party O
rivals O
after O
the O
parties O
failed O
to O
reach O
an O
out-of-court O
settlement O
. O

Megawati B-PER
has O
sued O
the O
defendants O
over O
a O
government-backed O
rebel O
congress O
which O
ousted O
her O
last O
June O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Jeans B-ORG
Mate I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
- O
6mth O
parent O
forecast O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Six O
months O
to O
August O
20 O
, O
1996 O

( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

LATEST O
PREVIOUS O
ACTUAL O

( O
Parent O
) O
FORECAST O
FORECAST O
YEAR-AGO O

Sales O
9.06 O
9.31 O
8.42 O

Current O
818 O
million O
979 O
million O
882 O
million O

Net O
415 O
million O
490 O
million O
412 O
million O

NOTE O
- O
Jeans B-ORG
Mate I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
is O
the O
full O
company O
name O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Apic B-ORG
Yamada I-ORG
- O
6mth O
parent O
forecast O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Six O
months O
to O
September O
30 O
, O
1996 O

( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

LATEST O
PREVIOUS O
ACTUAL O

( O
Parent O
) O
FORECAST O
FORECAST O
YEAR-AGO O

Sales O
12.50 O
13.00 O
11.27 O

Current O
1.30 O
1.35 O
1.09 O

Net O
650 O
million O
680 O
million O
600 O
million O

NOTE O
- O
Apic B-ORG
Yamada I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
is O
a O
leading O
manufacturer O
of O
semiconductor O
leadframes O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bootleg O
brew O
kills O
35 O
in O
China B-LOC
, O
police O
nab O
suspects O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Police O
in O
southwest O
China B-LOC
have O
arrested O
30 O
people O
suspected O
of O
making O
and O
selling O
homemade O
alcohol O
that O
killed O
35 O
people O
and O
poisoned O
157 O
, O
the O
Xinhua B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

A O
group O
of O
farmers O
in O
Huize B-LOC
county O
in O
the O
southwestern O
province O
of O
Yunnan B-LOC
were O
arrested O
for O
blending O
alcohol O
with O
methanol O
and O
selling O
the O
toxic O
liquor O
to O
local O
residents O
, O
the O
agency O
said O
. O

Between O
late O
June O
and O
July O
, O
a O
total O
of O
192 O
people O
were O
poisoned O
by O
the O
toxic O
liquor O
, O
and O
35 O
of O
them O
died O
and O
six O
were O
left O
severely O
handicapped O
, O
it O
said O
. O

Local O
authorities O
launched O
an O
investigation O
after O
they O
received O
reports O
of O
several O
similar O
deaths O
in O
the O
area O
, O
it O
said O
. O

Post-mortem O
examinations O
showed O
they O
were O
all O
caused O
by O
methanol O
poisoning O
. O

Police O
had O
confiscated O
the O
remainder O
of O
the O
poisonous O
liquor O
, O
Xinhua B-ORG
said O
. O

It O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Singapore B-LOC
hangs O
Thai B-MISC
drug O
trafficker O
. O

SINGAPORE B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Singapore B-LOC
hanged O
a O
Thai B-MISC
farmer O
at O
Changi B-LOC
Prison I-LOC
on O
Friday O
for O
drug O
trafficking O
, O
the O
Central B-ORG
Narcotics I-ORG
Bureau I-ORG
( O
CNB B-ORG
) O
said O
. O

Jeerasak B-PER
Densakul I-PER
, O
24 O
, O
was O
arrested O
in O
1995 O
when O
he O
was O
found O
with O
11 O
slabs O
of O
cannabis O
weighing O
2.2 O
kg O
( O
4.8 O
pounds O
) O
, O
the O
CNB B-ORG
said O
. O

Singapore B-LOC
has O
a O
mandatory O
death O
sentence O
for O
anyone O
over O
18 O
years O
of O
age O
found O
guilty O
of O
trafficking O
in O
more O
than O
15 O
grams O
( O
half O
an O
ounce O
) O
of O
heroin O
, O
30 O
grams O
( O
an O
ounce O
) O
of O
morphine O
or O
500 O
grams O
( O
18 O
oz O
) O
of O
cannabis O
or O
marijuana O
. O

Of O
the O
nearly O
270 O
people O
hanged O
for O
various O
crimes O
in O
Singapore B-LOC
since O
1975 O
, O
almost O
half O
have O
been O
for O
drug-related O
charges O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Arafat B-PER
goes O
to O
Nablus B-LOC
ahead O
of O
cabinet O
meeting O
. O

NABLUS B-LOC
, O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
arrived O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
self-rule O
enclave O
of O
Nablus B-LOC
from O
Ramallah B-LOC
on O
Friday O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

His O
aides O
said O
Arafat B-PER
would O
hold O
the O
weekly O
meeting O
of O
the O
Palestinian B-ORG
self-rule I-ORG
Authority I-ORG
's O
cabinet O
in O
Nablus B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

In O
Jerusalem B-LOC
, O
Israeli B-MISC
security O
forces O
were O
bracing O
for O
thousands O
of O
Palestinians B-MISC
expected O
to O
answer O
Arafat B-PER
's O
call O
earlier O
this O
week O
to O
come O
to O
the O
city O
holy O
to O
Moslems B-MISC
, O
Arabs B-MISC
and O
Jews B-MISC
to O
pray O
in O
protest O
against O
Israel B-LOC
's O
settlement O
policy O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
delay O
in O
peace O
negotiations O
. O

Palestinians B-MISC
want O
Arab B-LOC
East I-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
as O
the O
capital O
of O
a O
future O
independent O
state O
. O

Israel B-LOC
, O
which O
captured O
and O
annexed O
East B-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
in O
1967 O
, O
says O
it O
will O
never O
cede O
any O
part O
of O
the O
city O
. O

Arafat B-PER
, O
who O
made O
an O
interim O
peace O
deal O
with O
Israel B-LOC
in O
1993 O
that O
set O
up O
self-rule O
, O
says O
he O
will O
only O
visit O
Jerusalem B-LOC
once O
Israeli B-MISC
occupation O
has O
ended O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.N. B-ORG
Council I-ORG
concerned O
about O
Israeli B-MISC
bulldozers O
. O

UNITED B-ORG
NATIONS I-ORG
1996-08-29 O

Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
members O
expressed O
concern O
on O
Thursday O
that O
Israel B-LOC
's O
bulldozing O
of O
a O
Palestinian B-MISC
day-care O
centre O
for O
the O
disabled O
might O
further O
injure O
the O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
peace O
process O
. O

Responding O
to O
a O
letter O
from O
the O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
U.N. B-ORG
observer O
mission O
, O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
President O
Tono B-PER
Eitel I-PER
of O
Germany B-LOC
said O
that O
members O
asked O
him O
to O
convey O
their O
views O
to O
Israel B-LOC
's O
charge O
d'affaires O
, O
David B-PER
Peleg I-PER
. O

" O
The O
members O
expressed O
their O
concern O
about O
the O
maintenance O
of O
the O
peace O
process O
and O
they O
urged O
that O
no O
action O
be O
taken O
that O
would O
have O
a O
negative O
impact O
on O
the O
negotiations O
, O
" O
Eitel B-PER
said O
after O
an O
informal O
council O
session O
. O

" O
They O
asked O
me O
to O
call O
in O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
charge O
d'affaires O
and O
discuss O
the O
matter O
with O
him O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

The O
Palestinian B-MISC
letter O
from O
Marwan B-PER
Jilani I-PER
said O
the O
destruction O
of O
the O
Jerusalem B-LOC
centre O
was O
an O
effort O
by O
Israel B-LOC
to O
" O
alter O
the O
character O
, O
demographic O
composition O
and O
status O
of O
the O
Holy B-LOC
City I-LOC
of I-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
" O
and O
violated O
agreements O
between O
Israel B-LOC
and O
the O
Palestinian B-ORG
Liberation I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
. O

" O
This O
most O
recent O
measure O
represents O
a O
revival O
of O
old O
, O
malicious O
plans O
to O
confiscate O
the O
land O
and O
build O
units O
for O
Israeli B-MISC
settlers O
within O
the O
walls O
of O
the O
Old B-LOC
City I-LOC
. O
" O

" O
We O
expect O
the O
international O
community O
to O
take O
a O
clear O
and O
firm O
position O
, O
based O
on O
international O
law O
and O
in O
accordance O
with O
U.N. B-ORG
resolutions O
, O
against O
all O
such O
Israeli B-MISC
violations O
and O
illegal O
practices O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

On O
Tuesday O
, O
Israeli B-MISC
crews O
hoisted O
a O
bulldozer O
over O
the O
walls O
of O
Jerusalem B-LOC
's O
old O
city O
and O
demolished O
the O
centre O
, O
saying O
it O
was O
being O
restored O
without O
a O
building O
permit O
. O

Canada B-LOC
had O
recently O
donated O
$ O
30 O
million O
to O
the O
centre O
, O
called O
the O
Burj B-LOC
al-Laqlaq I-LOC
Society I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
REAL B-ORG
SCRAPE O
1-1 O
DRAW O
IN O
SCRAPPY O
OPENING O
MATCH O
. O

LA B-LOC
CORUNA I-LOC
, O
Spain B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

A O
late O
goal O
by O
newly-signed O
defender O
Roberto B-PER
Carlos I-PER
saved O
the O
blushes O
of O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
coach O
Fabio B-PER
Capello I-PER
and O
his O
multi-billion O
peseta O
line-up O
in O
the O
opening O
game O
of O
the O
Spanish B-MISC
championship O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
Brazilian B-MISC
's O
79th-minute O
effort O
was O
enough O
to O
earn O
Real B-ORG
a O
point O
from O
a O
scrappy O
1-1 O
draw O
at O
fellow O
title O
contenders O
Deportivo B-ORG
Coruna I-ORG
. O

Deportivo B-ORG
started O
strongly O
, O
taking O
the O
lead O
midway O
through O
the O
first O
half O
when O
former O
Auxerre B-ORG
playmaker O
Corentine B-PER
Martins I-PER
headed O
home O
a O
corner O
after O
a O
flick-on O
by O
Brazilian-born B-MISC
Spanish B-MISC
international O
midfielder O
Donato B-PER
. O

Real B-ORG
looked O
to O
be O
in O
deep O
trouble O
shortly O
after O
the O
break O
when O
Luis B-PER
Milla I-PER
was O
sent O
off O
for O
committing O
two O
bookable O
offences O
in O
as O
many O
minutes O
. O

But O
Deportivo B-ORG
were O
unable O
to O
capitalise O
on O
their O
numerical O
advantage O
, O
and O
were O
themselves O
reduced O
to O
ten O
men O
when O
Armando B-PER
Alvarez I-PER
was O
sent O
off O
15 O
minutes O
from O
time O
. O

Shortly O
afterwards O
Roberto B-PER
Carlos I-PER
found O
space O
in O
the O
home O
defence O
and O
equalised O
for O
Real B-ORG
with O
a O
shot O
that O
was O
deflected O
past O
despairing O
Deportivo B-ORG
' O
keeper O
Jacques B-PER
Songo'o I-PER
. O

In O
a O
frantic O
final O
five O
minutes O
there O
were O
chances O
at O
both O
ends O
, O
and O
Donato B-PER
, O
who O
had O
earlier O
been O
booked O
, O
was O
sent O
off O
for O
protesting O
about O
the O
incursion O
of O
Real B-ORG
players O
at O
a O
free O
kick O
. O

Before O
the O
match O
Deportivo B-ORG
chairman O
Augusto B-PER
Lendoiro I-PER
said O
he O
would O
ignore O
a O
FIFA B-ORG
decision O
banning O
Brazilian B-MISC
midfielder O
Mauro B-PER
Silva I-PER
from O
playing O
in O
the O
match O
for O
failing O
to O
join O
his O
national O
side O
's O
tour O
of O
Europe B-LOC
. O

In O
the O
event O
, O
coach O
John B-PER
Toshack I-PER
decided O
not O
to O
use O
Silva B-PER
, O
who O
had O
claimed O
he O
did O
not O
join O
the O
Brazil B-LOC
squad O
because O
he O
had O
lost O
his O
passport O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
- O
WIGAN B-ORG
BEAT O
BRADFORD B-ORG
42-36 O
IN O
SEMIFINAL O
. O

WIGAN B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Result O
of O
English B-MISC
rugby O
league O
premiership O
semifinal O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Wigan B-ORG
42 O
Bradford B-ORG
Bulls I-ORG
36 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ISRAEL B-LOC
BEAT O
BULGARIA B-LOC
IN O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
UNDER-21 O
QUALIFIER O
. O

HERZLIYA B-LOC
, O
Israel B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Result O
of O
European B-MISC
under-21 O
championship O
group O
5 O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Israel B-LOC
2 O
, O
Bulgaria B-LOC
0 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O
Scorers O
: O
Haim B-PER
Hajaj I-PER
( O
47th O
) O
, O
Nir B-PER
Sivilia I-PER
( O
57th O
) O
. O

Attendance O
: O
2,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
IRISH B-MISC
ERASE O
PAINFUL O
MEMORIES O
WITH O
5-0 O
WIN O
. O

ESCHEN B-LOC
, O
Liechtenstein B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

The O
Republic B-LOC
of I-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
's O
new-look O
side O
dispelled O
painful O
memories O
of O
their O
last O
visit O
to O
Liechtenstein B-LOC
by O
beating O
the O
Alpine B-MISC
part-timers O
5-0 O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
Irish B-MISC
, O
under O
new O
manager O
Mick B-PER
McCarthy I-PER
, O
took O
a O
4-0 O
lead O
within O
20 O
minutes O
through O
captain O
Andy B-PER
Townsend I-PER
, O
20-year-old O
Norwich B-ORG
striker O
Keith B-PER
O'Neill I-PER
, O
Sunderland B-ORG
forward O
Niall B-PER
Quinn I-PER
and O
teenager O
Ian B-PER
Harte I-PER
. O

Quinn B-PER
added O
his O
second O
and O
Ireland B-LOC
's O
fifth O
just O
after O
the O
hour O
to O
complete O
the O
rout O
and O
give O
the O
Irish B-MISC
their O
biggest-ever O
away O
win O
. O

The O
result O
helped O
erase O
memories O
of O
Ireland B-LOC
's O
visit O
to O
the O
Eschen B-LOC
stadium O
14 O
months O
ago O
, O
when O
Jack B-PER
Charlton I-PER
's O
side O
were O
held O
to O
a O
frustrating O
0-0 O
draw O
which O
ultimately O
cost O
them O
a O
place O
in O
the O
European B-MISC
championship O
finals O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
IRELAND B-LOC
BEAT O
LIECHTENSTEIN B-LOC
5-0 O
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

ESCHEN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

The O
Republic B-LOC
of I-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
beat O
Liechtenstein B-LOC
5-0 O
( O
halftime O
4-0 O
) O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
8 O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O
Andy B-PER
Townsend I-PER
( O
5th O
) O
, O
Keith B-PER
O'Neill I-PER
( O
7th O
) O
, O
Niall B-PER
Quinn I-PER
( O
11th O
, O
61st O
) O
, O
Ian B-PER
Harte I-PER
( O
19th O
) O
. O

Attendance O
: O
3,900 O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
BRITISH B-MISC
MASTERS I-MISC
FINAL O
SCORES O
. O

NORTHAMPTON B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Leading O
scores O
after O
the O
final O
round O
of O
the O
British B-MISC
Masters I-MISC
golf O
tournament O
on O
Saturday O
( O
British B-MISC
unless O
stated O
) O
: O

284 O
Robert B-PER
Allenby I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
69 O
71 O
71 O
73 O
, O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
75 O
70 O
71 O
68 O
( O
Allenby B-PER
won O
at O
first O
play-off O
hole O
) O

285 O
Costantino B-PER
Rocca I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
71 O
73 O
72 O
69 O

286 O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Jimenez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
74 O
72 O
73 O
67 O

287 O
Ian B-PER
Woosnam I-PER
70 O
76 O
71 O
70 O

288 O
Jose B-PER
Coceres I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
69 O
78 O
71 O
70 O

289 O
Joakim B-PER
Haeggman I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
71 O
77 O
70 O
71 O
, O
Antoine B-PER
Lebouc I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
74 O
73 O
70 O
72 O

290 O
Colin B-PER
Montgomerie I-PER
68 O
76 O
77 O
69 O
, O
Robert B-PER
Coles I-PER
74 O
76 O
71 O
69 O
, O
Philip B-PER
Walton I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
71 O
74 O
74 O
71 O
, O
Peter B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
74 O
71 O
74 O
71 O
, O
Klas B-PER
Eriksson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
71 O
75 O
72 O
72 O
, O
Pedro B-PER
Linhart I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
72 O
73 O
67 O
78 O

291 O
Phillip B-PER
Price I-PER
72 O
76 O
74 O
69 O
, O
Adam B-PER
Hunter I-PER
70 O
79 O
73 O
69 O
, O
Peter B-PER
O'Malley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
71 O
73 O
75 O
72 O
, O
Mark B-PER
Roe I-PER
69 O
71 O
78 O
73 O
, O
Mike B-PER
Clayton I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
69 O
76 O
73 O
73 O

292 O
Iain B-PER
Pyman I-PER
71 O
75 O
75 O
71 O
, O
David B-PER
Gilford I-PER
69 O
74 O
77 O
72 O
, O
Peter B-PER
Hedblom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
70 O
75 O
75 O
72 O
, O
Stephen B-PER
McAllister I-PER
73 O
76 O
69 O
74 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SLOVAKIA B-LOC
BEAT O
FAROES B-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

TOFTIR B-LOC
, O
Faroe B-LOC
Islands I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Slovakia B-LOC
beat O
the O
Faroe B-LOC
Islands I-LOC
2-1 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
their O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
six O
qualifying O
match O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Faroe B-LOC
Islands I-LOC
- O
Jan B-PER
Allan I-PER
Mueller I-PER
( O
60th O
minute O
) O

Slovakia B-LOC
- O
Lubomir B-PER
Moravcik I-PER
( O
13th O
) O
, O
Peter B-PER
Dubovsky I-PER
( O
88th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
1,445 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
BEAT O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
BY O
107 O
RUNS O
IN O
SECOND O
ONE-DAYER O
. O

BIRMINGHAM B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

England B-LOC
beat O
Pakistan B-LOC
by O
107 O
runs O
in O
the O
second O
one-day O
international O
at O
Edgbaston B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
to O
take O
the O
series O
2-0 O
. O

Scores O
: O
England B-LOC
292-8 O
innings O
closed O
( O
N. B-PER
Knight I-PER
113 O
) O
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
185 O
( O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
79 O
; O
A. B-PER
Hollioake I-PER
4-23 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
TOUR B-MISC
OF I-MISC
NETHERLANDS I-MISC
FINAL O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

LANDGRAAF B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Leading O
results O
of O

the O
205-km O
sixth O
and O
final O
stage O
of O
the O
Tour B-MISC
of I-MISC
the I-MISC
Netherlands I-MISC

between O
Roermond B-LOC
and O
Landgraaf B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
: O

1. O
Olaf B-PER
Ludwig I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Telekom B-ORG
4 O
hours O
48 O
mins O
2 O
seconds O

2. O
Giovanni B-PER
Lombardi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Polti B-ORG
5 O
seconds O
behind O

3. O
Tristan B-PER
Hoffman I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG
same O
time O

4. O
Erik B-PER
Breukink I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG
8 O
seconds O

5. O
Jesper B-PER
Skibby I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG
9 O

6. O
Vyacheslav B-PER
Ekimov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG
same O
time O

7. O
Luca B-PER
Pavanello I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Aki B-PER
11 O

8. O
Eleuterio B-PER
Anguita I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
MX B-ORG
Onda I-ORG

9. O
Michael B-PER
Andersson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
Telekom B-ORG

10. O
Johan B-PER
Capiot I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Collstrop B-ORG
all O
same O
time O

Final O
overall O
placings O
( O
after O
six O
stages O
) O
: O

1. O
Rolf B-PER
Sorensen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG
20:36:54 O

2. O
Lance B-PER
Armstrong I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
2 O
seconds O
behind O

3. O
Ekimov B-PER
1:7 O

4. O
Marco B-PER
Lietti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
MG-Technogym B-ORG
1:16 O

5. O
Erik B-PER
Dekker I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG
1:23 O

6. O
Ludwig B-PER
1:25 O

6. O
Breukink B-PER
same O
time O

8. O
Maarten B-PER
den I-PER
Bakker I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG
1:33 O

9. O
Andersson B-PER
1:34 O

10. O
Skibby B-PER
1:45 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
ONE-DAY O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

BIRMINGHAM B-ORG
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Scoreboard O
of O
the O
second O
one-day O
cricket O
match O
between O
England B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
: O

England B-LOC

N. B-PER
Knight I-PER
st O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
113 O

A. B-PER
Stewart I-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
46 O

M. B-PER
Atherton I-PER
lbw O
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
1 O

G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
lbw O
b O
Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
21 O

M. B-PER
Maynard I-PER
run O
out O
1 O

R. B-PER
Irani I-PER
not O
out O
45 O

A. B-PER
Hollioake I-PER
run O
out O
15 O

D. B-PER
Gough I-PER
run O
out O
0 O

R. B-PER
Croft I-PER
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
15 O

D. B-PER
Headley I-PER
not O
out O
3 O

Extras O
( O
lb-25 O
w-4 O
nb-3 O
) O
32 O

Total O
( O
for O
8 O
wickets O
, O
innings O
closed O
) O
292 O

Fall O
: O
1-103 O
2-105 O
3-163 O
4-168 O
5-221 O
6-257 O
7-257 O
8-286 O
. O

Did O
Not O
Bat O
: O
A. B-PER
Mullally I-PER
. O

Bowling O
: O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
10-0-50-0 O
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
9-0-54-1 O
, O

Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
6-0-40-1 O
, O
Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
10-0-59-1 O
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER

10-0-33-2 O
, O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
5-0-31-0 O
. O

pakistan O

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
c O
Stewart B-PER
b O
Gough B-PER
33 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
c O
Croft B-PER
b O
Gough B-PER
0 O

Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
lbw O
b O
Mullally B-PER
0 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
79 O

Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
c O
Thorpe B-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
6 O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
c O
Stewart B-PER
b O
Hollioake B-PER
23 O

Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
c O
Knight B-PER
b O
Hollioake B-PER
21 O

Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
not O
out O
14 O

Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
b O
Hollioake B-PER
0 O

Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
lbw O
b O
Gough B-PER
4 O

Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
c O
Knight B-PER
b O
Hollioake B-PER
2 O

Extras O
( O
lb-2 O
nb-1 O
) O
3 O

Total O
( O
37.5 O
overs O
) O
185 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-1 O
2-6 O
3-54 O
4-104 O
5-137 O
6-164 O
7-164 O
8-168 O

9-177 O
. O

Bowling O
: O
Gough B-PER
8-0-39-3 O
, O
Mullally B-PER
6-0-30-1 O
, O
Headley B-PER

7-0-32-0 O
, O
Irani B-PER
2-0-22-0 O
, O
Croft B-PER
8-0-37-2 O
, O
Hollioake B-PER
6.5-1-23-4 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
WORLD O
TRACK O
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
at O
the O
world O

track O
cycling O
championships O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Women O
's O
3,000 O
metres O
individual O
pursuit O
qualifying O
round O

( O
fastest O
eight O
to O
quarter O
finals O
) O
: O

1. O
Antonella B-PER
Bellutti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
3:31.526 O
( O
world O
record O
) O

2. O
Marion B-PER
Clignet I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
3:31.674 O

3. O
Lucy B-PER
Tyler-Sharman I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
3:31.830 O

4. O
Yvonne B-PER
McGregor I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
3:41.823 O

5. O
Natalia B-PER
Karimova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
3:45.061 O

6. O
Svetlana B-PER
Samokhalova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
3:46.216 O

7 O
Jane B-PER
Quigley I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
3:46.493 O

8. O
Rasa B-PER
Mazeikyte I-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
3:46.834 O

9. O
Tatian B-PER
Stiajkina I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
3:52.204 O

World O
4,000 O
metres O
team O
pursuit O
semifinals O
: O

Italy B-LOC
( O
Adler B-PER
Capelli I-PER
, O
Cristiano B-PER
Citto I-PER
, O
Andrea B-PER
Collinelli I-PER
, O
Mauro B-PER
Trentino I-PER
) O
4:00.958 O
( O
world O
record O
) O
beat O
Russia B-LOC
( O
Anton B-PER
Chantyr I-PER
, O
Edouard B-PER
Gritsoun I-PER
, O
Nikolai B-PER
Kouznetsov I-PER
) O
4:06.534 O
. O

France B-LOC
( O
Cyril B-PER
Bos I-PER
, O
Philippe B-PER
Ermenault I-PER
, O
Jean-Michel B-PER
Monin I-PER
, O
Francis B-PER
Moreau I-PER
) O
4:05.104 O
beat O
Germany B-LOC
( O
Guido B-PER
Fulst I-PER
, O
Danilo B-PER
Hondo I-PER
, O
Thorsten B-PER
Rund I-PER
, O
Heiko B-PER
Szonn I-PER
) O
4:05.463 O

Germany B-LOC
take O
the O
bronze O
medal O
as O
fastest O
losing O
semifinalist O
. O

Women O
's O
world O
500 O
metres O
time O
trial O
final O
: O

1. O
Felicia B-PER
Ballanger I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
34.829 O

2. O
Annett B-PER
Neumann I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
35.202 O

3. O
Michelle B-PER
Ferris I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
35.694 O

4. O
Magali B-PER
Faure I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
35.888 O

5. O
Olga B-PER
Slioussareva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
36.170 O

6. O
Oksana B-PER
Grichina I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
36.242 O

7. O
Tanya B-PER
Dubnicoff I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
36.307 O

8. O
Kathrin B-PER
Freitag I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
36.491 O

9. O
Donna B-PER
Wynd I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
36.831 O

10. O
Mira B-PER
Kasslin I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
37.273 O

11. O
Wendy B-PER
Everson I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
37.624 O

12. O
Giovanna B-PER
Troldi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
38.285 O

13. O
Rita B-PER
Razmaite I-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
38.546 O

World O
4,000 O
metres O
team O
pursuit O
championship O
final O
: O

Italy B-LOC
( O
Adler B-PER
Capelli I-PER
, O
Cristiano B-PER
Citto I-PER
, O
Andrea B-PER
Collinelli I-PER
, O
Mauro B-PER
Trentino I-PER
) O
4:02.752 O
beat O
France B-LOC
( O
Cyril B-PER
Bos I-PER
, O
Philippe B-PER
Ermenault I-PER
, O
Jean-Michel B-PER
Monin I-PER
, O
Francis B-PER
Moreau I-PER
) O
4:04.539 O

World O
sprint O
championship O
quarter O
finals O
( O
best O
of O
three O

matches O
) O

Florian B-PER
Rousseau I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ainars B-PER
Kiksis I-PER
( O
Latvia B-LOC
) O
2-0 O

Darryn B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Christian B-PER
Arrue I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
2-0 O

Roberto B-PER
Chiappa I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
beat O
Frederic B-PER
Magne I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
2-0 O

Marty B-PER
Nothstein I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Pavel B-PER
Buran I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
2-0 O

Women O
's O
world O
3,000 O
metres O
individual O
pursuit O
championship O

quarter-finals O
: O

Marion B-PER
Clignet I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
3:30.974 O
( O
World O
Record O
) O
beat O
Jane B-PER

Quigley B-PER
( O
USA B-LOC
) O
3:42.852 O

Natalia B-PER
Karimova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
3:40.036 O
beat O
Yvonne B-PER
McGregor I-PER

( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
3:43.078 O

Lucy B-PER
Tyler-Sharman I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
3:35.087 O
beat O
Svetlana B-PER

Samokhvalova B-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
3:45.011 O

Antonella B-PER
Bellutti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
3:32.174 O
caught O
and O
eliminated O
Rasa B-PER

Mazeikyte B-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
WIN O
TOSS O
, O
PUT O
ENGLAND B-LOC
IN O
TO O
BAT O
. O

BIRMINGHAM B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Pakistan B-LOC
won O
the O
toss O
and O
put O
England B-LOC
in O
to O
bat O
in O
the O
second O
limited O
overs O
cricket O
international O
at O
Edgbaston B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

Surrey B-ORG
all-rounder O
Adam B-PER
Hollioake I-PER
was O
making O
his O
England B-LOC
debut O
, O
replacing O
Lancashire B-ORG
batsman O
Graham B-PER
Lloyd I-PER
, O
with O
seamer O
Peter B-PER
Martin I-PER
again O
being O
omitted O
from O
the O
13 O
. O

Pakistan B-LOC
kept O
the O
side O
who O
lost O
to O
England B-LOC
by O
five O
wickets O
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
in O
the O
first O
of O
the O
three O
one-day O
matches O
. O

Teams O
: O

England B-LOC
: O
Mike B-PER
Atherton I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Nick B-PER
Knight I-PER
, O
Alec B-PER
Stewart I-PER
, O
Graham B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
, O
Matthew B-PER
Maynard I-PER
, O
Adam B-PER
Hollioake I-PER
, O
Ronnie B-PER
Irani I-PER
, O
Robert B-PER
Croft I-PER
, O
Darren B-PER
Gough I-PER
, O
Dean B-PER
Headley I-PER
, O
Alan B-PER
Mullally I-PER
. O

Pakistan B-LOC
: O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
, O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
, O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
, O
Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
, O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
, O
Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
, O
Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
GONZALEZ B-PER
HOMERS O
TWICE O
AS O
RANGERS B-ORG
BEAT O
INDIANS B-ORG
. O

ARLINGTON B-LOC
, O
Texas B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Juan B-PER
Gonzalez I-PER
homered O
twice O
and O
Ivan B-PER
Rodriguez I-PER
added O
a O
two-run O
shot O
as O
the O
Texas B-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
defeated O
the O
Cleveland B-ORG
Indians I-ORG
5-3 O
in O
a O
matchup O
of O
division O
leaders O
Friday O
. O

Rodriguez B-PER
's O
18th O
homer O
, O
off O
Chad B-PER
Ogea I-PER
( O
7-5 O
) O
in O
the O
first O
, O
gave O
Texas B-LOC
a O
2-0 O
lead O
. O

One O
out O
later O
, O
Gonzalez B-PER
smacked O
his O
40th O
homer O
, O
extending O
his O
hitting O
streak O
to O
20 O
games O
. O

Gonzalez B-PER
, O
who O
hit O
in O
21 O
straight O
games O
earlier O
this O
season O
, O
joined O
Mickey B-PER
Rivers I-PER
as O
the O
only O
players O
in O
Texas B-LOC
history O
with O
two O
20-game O
streaks O
in O
the O
same O
year O
. O

Gonzalez B-PER
hit O
his O
second O
homer O
in O
the O
third O
for O
his O
fifth O
multi-homer O
game O
of O
the O
season O
. O

Gonzalez B-PER
has O
three O
40-homer O
seasons O
and O
his O
121 O
RBI B-MISC
broke O
Ruben B-PER
Sierra I-PER
's O
team O
record O
of O
119 O
set O
in O
1989 O
. O

The O
Indians B-MISC
had O
their O
four-game O
winning O
streak O
stopped O
. O

" O
It O
's O
not O
something O
I O
'm O
going O
to O
try O
to O
explain O
, O
" O
said O
Texas B-LOC
manager O
Johnny B-PER
Oates I-PER
about O
his O
team O
winning O
seven O
of O
the O
10 O
meetings O
from O
Cleveland B-ORG
this O
season O
. O

" O
We O
've O
got O
two O
more O
regular O
season O
games O
against O
them O
and O
we O
might O
get O
lucky O
enough O
or O
unlucky O
enough O
to O
play O
them O
in O
the O
post-season O
. O
" O

Roger B-PER
Pavlik I-PER
( O
15-7 O
) O
gave O
up O
three O
runs O
and O
seven O
hits O
in O
6 O
1/3 O
innings O
and O
became O
the O
fourth O
15-game O
winner O
in O
the O
American B-MISC
League I-MISC
. O

Jeff B-PER
Russell I-PER
pitched O
two O
perfect O
innings O
for O
his O
third O
save O
. O

Brian B-PER
Giles I-PER
and O
Jim B-PER
Thome I-PER
homered O
for O
Cleveland B-ORG
. O

Cleveland B-ORG
's O
lead O
over O
the O
White B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
in O
the O
American B-MISC
League I-MISC
Central I-MISC
dropped O
to O
nine O
games O
. O

Texas B-ORG
's O
lead O
over O
Seattle B-ORG
in O
the O
West B-LOC
increased O
to O
six O
. O

At O
California B-LOC
, O
Tino B-PER
Martinez I-PER
's O
two-run O
homer O
keyed O
a O
three-run O
first O
and O
Andy B-PER
Pettitte I-PER
became O
the O
league O
's O
first O
19-game O
winner O
as O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Yankees I-ORG
beat O
the O
Angels B-ORG
6-2 O
. O

New B-LOC
York I-LOC
snapped O
a O
season-high O
five-game O
losing O
streak O
and O
also O
got O
homers O
from O
Mariano B-PER
Duncan I-PER
, O
Darryl B-PER
Strawberry I-PER
and O
Jim B-PER
Leyritz I-PER
. O

Pettite B-PER
( O
19-7 O
) O
allowed O
two O
runs O
and O
eight O
hits O
over O
eight O
innings O
with O
a O
walk O
and O
seven O
strikeouts O
. O

He O
improved O
to O
12-2 O
following O
Yankees B-ORG
' O
losses O
. O

Mariano B-PER
Rivera I-PER
pitched O
a O
scoreless O
ninth O
, O
striking O
out O
two O
. O

Ex-Yankee O
Randy B-PER
Velarde I-PER
hit O
his O
11th O
homer O
, O
his O
most O
at O
any O
professional O
level O
. O

In O
Seattle B-LOC
, O
Pete B-PER
Incaviglia I-PER
's O
grand O
slam O
with O
one O
out O
in O
the O
sixth O
snapped O
a O
tie O
and O
lifted O
the O
Baltimore B-ORG
Orioles I-ORG
past O
the O
Seattle B-ORG
Mariners I-ORG
, O
5-2 O
. O

It O
was O
Incaviglia B-PER
's O
sixth O
grand O
slam O
and O
200th O
homer O
of O
his O
career O
. O

Baltimore B-ORG
's O
Eddie B-PER
Murray I-PER
cracked O
his O
20th O
homer O
of O
the O
season O
and O
499th O
of O
his O
career O
. O

Jay B-PER
Buhner I-PER
hit O
his O
38th O
homer O
and O
Edgar B-PER
Martinez I-PER
his O
23rd O
for O
Seattle B-ORG
. O

The O
Orioles B-ORG
remained O
tied O
with O
the O
White B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
for O
the O
American B-MISC
League I-MISC
wild O
card O
with O
the O
Mariners B-ORG
a O
game O
back O
. O

In O
Toronto B-LOC
, O
Kevin B-PER
Tapani I-PER
( O
12-8 O
) O
allowed O
two O
runs O
and O
six O
hits O
over O
7 O
1/3 O
innings O
and O
Frank B-PER
Thomas I-PER
hit O
his O
29th O
homer O
and O
drove O
in O
three O
runs O
as O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
White I-ORG
Sox I-ORG
cruised O
to O
an O
11-2 O
victory O
over O
the O
Blue B-ORG
Jays I-ORG
. O

Thomas B-PER
, O
Harold B-PER
Baines I-PER
and O
Robin B-PER
Ventura I-PER
each O
collected O
three O
hits O
. O

Baines B-PER
homered O
and O
scored O
three O
runs O
. O

Danny B-PER
Tartabull I-PER
added O
two O
hits O
and O
three O
RBI B-MISC
as O
all O
Chicago B-LOC
starters O
got O
at O
least O
one O
hit O
. O

In O
Oakland B-LOC
, O
Dave B-PER
Telgheder I-PER
scattered O
seven O
hits O
over O
eight O
innings O
and O
Mark B-PER
McGwire I-PER
hit O
his O
major-league O
leading O
45th O
homer O
and O
drove O
in O
three O
runs O
as O
the O
Athetlics B-ORG
blanked O
the O
Boston B-ORG
Red I-ORG
Sox I-ORG
7-0 O
. O

Telgheder B-PER
( O
2-5 O
) O
snapped O
a O
personal O
three-game O
losing O
streak O
. O

Buddy B-PER
Groom I-PER
pitched O
a O
perfect O
ninth O
inning O
. O

McGwire B-PER
singled O
home O
a O
run O
to O
spark O
a O
three-run O
sixth O
and O
capped O
the O
scoring O
with O
a O
two-run O
homer O
in O
the O
seventh O
. O

The O
loss O
was O
Boston B-ORG
's O
seventh O
in O
its O
last O
29 O
games O
. O

In O
Detroit B-LOC
, O
Todd B-PER
Van I-PER
Poppel I-PER
pitched O
a O
five-hitter O
for O
his O
first O
career O
shutout O
and O
Tony B-PER
Clark I-PER
homered O
to O
cap O
a O
four-run O
first O
inning O
as O
the O
Tigers B-ORG
blanked O
the O
Kansas B-ORG
City I-ORG
Royals I-ORG
4-0 O
. O

Van B-PER
Poppel I-PER
( O
3-6 O
) O
walked O
two O
and O
struck O
out O
two O
in O
defeating O
the O
Royals B-ORG
for O
the O
second O
time O
this O
week O
. O

He O
threw O
108 O
pitches O
as O
he O
lowered O
his O
ERA B-MISC
from O
8.08 O
to O
7.24 O
. O

Kansas B-LOC
City I-LOC
has O
scored O
only O
one O
run O
in O
two O
games O
. O

In O
Milwaukee B-LOC
, O
Marc B-PER
Newfield I-PER
homered O
off O
Jose B-PER
Parra I-PER
( O
5-4 O
) O
leading O
off O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
12th O
as O
the O
Brewers B-ORG
rallied O
for O
a O
5-4 O
victory O
over O
the O
Minnesota B-ORG
Twins I-ORG
. O

Milwaukee B-ORG
has O
won O
10 O
of O
its O
last O
15 O
. O

Bob B-PER
Wickman I-PER
( O
6-1 O
) O
pitched O
2 O
2/3 O
hitless O
innings O
for O
the O
win O
, O
his O
second O
for O
the O
Brewers B-ORG
. O

Matt B-PER
Lawton I-PER
hit O
a O
three-run O
homer O
off O
closer O
Mike B-PER
Fetters I-PER
with O
one O
out O
in O
the O
ninth O
to O
give O
Minnesota B-ORG
a O
4-2 O
lead O
. O

But O
Milwaukee B-ORG
tied O
it O
up O
in O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
ninth O
on O
pinch-hitter O
Dave B-PER
Nilsson I-PER
's O
two-run O
double O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ESSEX B-ORG
AND O
KENT B-ORG
MADE O
TO O
SWEAT O
IN O
TITLE O
RACE O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Essex B-ORG
and O
Kent B-ORG
both O
face O
tense O
finishes O
on O
Monday O
as O
they O
attempt O
to O
keep O
pace O
with O
title O
hopefuls O
Derbyshire B-ORG
and O
Surrey B-ORG
, O
convincing O
three-day O
victors O
on O
Saturday O
, O
in O
the O
English B-MISC
county O
championship O
run-in O
. O

Essex B-ORG
need O
another O
148 O
with O
five O
wickets O
in O
hand O
to O
beat O
Yorkshire B-ORG
after O
a O
maiden O
first-class O
century O
from O
Richard B-PER
Kettleborough I-PER
transformed O
a O
match O
which O
his O
side O
had O
seemed O
certain O
to O
lose O
. O

Kent B-ORG
will O
also O
need O
to O
keep O
their O
nerve O
against O
struggling O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
who O
will O
enter O
the O
final O
day O
137 O
ahead O
with O
four O
wickets O
left O
in O
a O
relatively O
low-scoring O
match O
at O
Tunbridge B-LOC
Wells I-LOC
. O

Derbyshire B-ORG
, O
nine-wicket O
winners O
over O
Worcestershire B-ORG
, O
and O
Surrey B-ORG
, O
who O
thrashed O
Warwickshire B-ORG
by O
an O
innings O
and O
164 O
runs O
, O
can O
instead O
take O
the O
day O
off O
along O
with O
rivals O
Leicestershire B-ORG
, O
who O
beat O
Somerset B-ORG
inside O
two O
days O
. O

Warwickshire B-ORG
captain O
Tim B-PER
Munton I-PER
is O
tipping O
Surrey B-ORG
to O
emerge O
on O
top O
, O
impressed O
by O
the O
positive O
influence O
of O
Australian B-MISC
coach O
Dave B-PER
Gilbert I-PER
, O
but O
Derbyshire B-ORG
's O
Australian B-MISC
captain O
Dean B-PER
Jones I-PER
is O
conceding O
nothing O
as O
his O
side O
chase O
their O
first O
title O
for O
60 O
years O
. O

" O
We O
took O
three O
absolutely O
brilliant O
catches O
in O
this O
match O
and O
our O
catching O
all O
season O
has O
been O
pretty O
impressive O
. O

Our O
catching O
will O
win O
or O
lose O
us O
the O
championship O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
LEADING O
MONEY O
WINNERS O
ON O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
TOUR I-MISC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Leading O
money O
winners O
on O
the O

European B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
after O
the O
British B-MISC
Masters I-MISC
won O
by O
Robert B-PER
Allenby I-PER
on O

Saturday O
( O
British B-MISC
unless O
stated O
) O
: O

1. O
Ian B-PER
Woosnam I-PER
510,258 O
pounds O
sterling O

2. O
Colin B-PER
Montgomerie I-PER
442,201 O

3. O
Robert B-PER
Allenby I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
407,748 O

4. O
Lee B-PER
Westwood I-PER
301,972 O

5. O
Costantino B-PER
Rocca I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
297,157 O

6. O
Mark B-PER
McNulty I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
254,247 O

7. O
Andrew B-PER
Coltart I-PER
248,142 O

8. O
Wayne B-PER
Riley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
239,733 O

9. O
Raymond B-PER
Russell I-PER
234,330 O

10. O
Paul B-PER
Lawrie I-PER
211,420 O

11. O
Stephen B-PER
Ames I-PER
( O
Trinidad B-LOC
) O
211,175 O

12. O
Frank B-PER
Nobilo I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
209,412 O

13. O
Paul B-PER
McGinley I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
208,978 O

14. O
Padraig B-PER
Harrington I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
202,593 O

15. O
Retief B-PER
Goosen I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
195,283 O

16. O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Jimenez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
184,180 O

17. O
Peter B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
183,704 O

18. O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
182,533 O

19. O
Jonathan B-PER
Lomas I-PER
181,005 O

20. O
Paul B-PER
Broadhurst I-PER
176,780 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
, O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
AND O
WELSH B-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
, O
Scottish B-MISC
and O

Welsh B-MISC
rugby O
union O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

English B-MISC
National I-MISC
League I-MISC
one O

Harlequins B-ORG
75 O
Gloucester B-ORG
19 O

London B-ORG
Irish I-ORG
27 O
Bristol B-ORG
28 O

Northampton B-ORG
46 O
West B-ORG
Hartlepool I-ORG
20 O

Orrell B-ORG
13 O
Bath B-ORG
56 O

Sale B-ORG
31 O
Wasps B-ORG
33 O

Saracens B-ORG
25 O
Leicester B-ORG
23 O

Welsh B-MISC
division O
one O

Bridgend B-ORG
13 O
Llanelli B-ORG
9 O

Dunvant B-ORG
21 O
Ebbw B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
10 O

Treorchy B-ORG
17 O
Newbridge B-ORG
23 O

Newport B-ORG
29 O
Caerphilly B-ORG
10 O

Swansea B-ORG
49 O
Cardiff B-ORG
23 O

Scottish B-MISC
premier O
league O
division O
one O

Boroughmuir B-ORG
20 O
Hawick B-ORG
23 O

Currie B-ORG
45 O
Heriot B-ORG
's I-ORG
F.P. I-ORG
5 O

Jed-Forest B-ORG
17 O
Watsonians B-ORG
54 O

Melrose B-ORG
107 O
Stirling B-ORG
County O
10 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
WALES B-LOC
BEAT O
SAN B-LOC
MARINO I-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

CARDIFF B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Wales B-LOC
beat O
San B-LOC
Marino I-LOC
6-0 O
( O
halftime O
4-0 O
) O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
7 O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O
Dean B-PER
Saunders I-PER
( O
2nd O
minute O
, O
75th O
) O
, O
Mark B-PER
Hughes I-PER
( O
25th O
, O
54th O
) O
, O
Andy B-PER
Melville I-PER
( O
33rd O
) O
, O
John B-PER
Robinson I-PER
( O
45th O
) O
. O

Attendance O
: O
15,150 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
UKRAINE B-LOC
BEAT O
NORTHERN B-LOC
IRELAND I-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

BELFAST B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Ukraine B-LOC
beat O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
1-0 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
nine O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorer O
: O
Sergei B-PER
Rebrov I-PER
( O
79th O
minute O
) O

Attendance O
: O
9,358 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
LYNAGH B-PER
SEALS O
VICTORY O
OVER O
DWYER B-ORG
AND O
LEICESTER B-ORG
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Former O
Wallaby B-ORG
captain O
Michael B-PER
Lynagh I-PER
began O
his O
career O
in O
English B-MISC
club O
rugby O
in O
impeccable O
fashion O
on O
Saturday O
to O
frustrate O
his O
old O
coach O
Bob B-PER
Dwyer I-PER
on O
his O
league O
coaching O
debut O
with O
Leicester B-LOC
. O

Lynagh B-PER
kicked O
five O
penalties O
and O
a O
conversion O
from O
his O
six O
attempts O
at O
goal O
to O
steer O
his O
multi-national O
Saracens B-ORG
side O
to O
a O
25-23 O
home O
win O
and O
offer O
millionaire O
backer O
Nigel B-PER
Wray I-PER
an O
early O
return O
on O
his O
big O
investment O
in O
the O
north O
London B-LOC
club O
. O

French B-MISC
centre O
Philippe B-PER
Sella I-PER
also O
enjoyed O
a O
good O
game O
alongside O
Lynagh B-PER
, O
although O
the O
home O
team O
scored O
only O
one O
try O
through O
England B-LOC
scrum-half O
Kyran B-PER
Bracken I-PER
. O

The O
new O
French B-MISC
connection O
at O
Harlequins B-LOC
also O
made O
a O
good O
start O
, O
Laurent B-PER
Cabannes I-PER
and O
Laurent B-PER
Benezech I-PER
scoring O
a O
try O
apiece O
in O
their O
side O
's O
75-19 O
victory O
over O
Gloucester B-ORG
. O

Former O
England B-LOC
captain O
Will B-PER
Carling I-PER
, O
handed O
the O
kicking O
duties O
, O
finished O
with O
20 O
points O
. O

With O
the O
first O
day O
of O
the O
league O
season O
briefly O
shifting O
the O
spotlight O
away O
from O
the O
discord O
between O
the O
clubs O
and O
the O
Rugby B-ORG
Football I-ORG
Union I-ORG
, O
there O
were O
also O
emphatic O
victories O
for O
champions O
Bath B-ORG
, O
56-13 O
winners O
over O
Orrell B-ORG
, O
and O
Northampton B-ORG
and O
narrow O
successes O
for O
Wasps B-ORG
and O
Bristol B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Scottish B-MISC
league O
standings O
after O

Saturday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulated O
- O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Division O
one O

Greenock B-ORG
Morton I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
5 O
2 O
6 O

Dundee B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
5 O

St B-ORG
Johnstone I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
4 O

St B-ORG
Mirren I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
4 O

Airdrieonians B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
4 O

Falkirk B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O

Clydebank B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O

Partick B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O

Stirling B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

East B-ORG
Fife I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
1 O

Division O
two O

Livingston B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
6 O
2 O
9 O

Queen B-ORG
of I-ORG
South I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
6 O

Ayr B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
8 O
2 O
5 O

Stenhousemuir B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
1 O
4 O

Hamilton B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
4 O

Stranraer B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Brechin B-ORG
3 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
3 O

Clyde B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
3 O

Dumbarton B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
2 O

Berwick B-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
14 O
0 O

Division O
three O

Albion B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
5 O
0 O
9 O

Forfar B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
4 O
6 O

Cowdenbeath B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Arbroath B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
5 O

Alloa B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Queen B-ORG
's I-ORG
Park I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
8 O
4 O

Montrose B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
4 O
3 O

Inverness B-ORG
Thistle I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
6 O
3 O

East B-ORG
Stirling I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
2 O

Ross B-ORG
County I-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
7 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

English B-MISC
soccer O
league O
standings O

after O
Saturday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulated O
- O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Division O
one O

Stoke B-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
7 O
4 O
10 O

Barnsley B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
8 O
2 O
9 O

Norwich B-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
5 O
3 O
9 O

Tranmere B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
7 O

Bolton B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
7 O

Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
7 O

Wolverhampton B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
3 O
7 O

Swindon B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
7 O

Bradford B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Portsmouth B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
5 O
6 O

Ipswich B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
9 O
7 O
5 O

Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
5 O

Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
5 O

Birmingham B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
4 O
4 O

Reading B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
10 O
4 O

Huddersfield B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
4 O

Oxford B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
6 O
5 O
3 O

Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
3 O
3 O

West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Oldham B-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
5 O
9 O
1 O

Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
1 O

Grimsby B-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
8 O
1 O

Southend B-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
10 O
1 O

Charlton B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Division O
two O

Plymouth B-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
10 O
6 O
10 O

Brentford B-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
9 O
3 O
10 O

Bury B-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
8 O
2 O
10 O

Chesterfield B-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
9 O

Millwall B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
5 O
7 O

Shrewsbury B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
6 O
7 O

Blackpool B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
7 O

York B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
6 O
6 O
6 O

Burnley B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
6 O
7 O
6 O

Bournemouth B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
5 O
6 O

Watford B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
5 O
6 O

Bristol B-ORG
Rovers I-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
5 O

Peterborough B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
4 O

Preston B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
5 O
4 O

Crewe B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
6 O
4 O

Gillingham B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
6 O
4 O

Notts B-ORG
County I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O

Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
7 O
8 O
3 O

Luton B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
4 O
10 O
3 O

Wycombe B-ORG
4 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
3 O

Wrexham B-ORG
2 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
5 O
5 O
2 O

Stockport B-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
2 O

Rotherham B-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
6 O
1 O

Walsall B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O
1 O

Division O
three O

Wigan B-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
9 O
4 O
10 O

Fulham B-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
5 O
3 O
9 O

Hull B-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
8 O

Hartlepool B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
5 O
7 O

Torquay B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
3 O
7 O

Cardiff B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
7 O

Scunthorpe B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
7 O

Carlisle B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
7 O

Scarborough B-ORG
4 O
1 O
3 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
6 O

Northampton B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
5 O

Lincoln B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
5 O
5 O
5 O

Barnet B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
5 O

Exeter B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
5 O

Cambridge B-ORG
United I-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
5 O

Darlington B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
9 O
8 O
4 O

Chester B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
6 O
7 O
4 O

Doncaster B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
5 O
4 O

Leyton B-ORG
Orient I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Brighton B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
6 O
4 O

Hereford B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
3 O
4 O

Swansea B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
4 O
9 O
3 O

Colchester B-ORG
4 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
3 O

Rochdale B-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
2 O
4 O
2 O

Mansfield B-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
2 O
6 O
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
of O
Scottish B-MISC
league O

matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Division O
one O

Greenock B-ORG
Morton I-ORG
1 O
Falkirk B-ORG
0 O

Partick B-ORG
1 O
St B-ORG
Mirren I-ORG
1 O

Stirling B-ORG
1 O
Dundee B-ORG
1 O

Postponed O
: O
East B-ORG
Fife I-ORG
v O
Clydebank B-ORG
, O
St B-ORG
Johnstone I-ORG
v O

Airdrieonians B-ORG
. O

Division O
two O

Ayr B-ORG
6 O
Berwick B-ORG
0 O

Clyde B-ORG
0 O
Queen B-ORG
of I-ORG
South I-ORG
2 O

Dumbarton B-ORG
1 O
Brechin B-ORG
1 O

Livingston B-ORG
1 O
Hamilton B-ORG
0 O

Stenhousemuir B-ORG
0 O
Stranraer B-ORG
1 O

Division O
three O

Albion B-ORG
2 O
Cowdenbeath B-ORG
0 O

Arbroath B-ORG
0 O
East B-ORG
Stirling I-ORG
0 O

Inverness B-ORG
Thistle I-ORG
1 O
Alloa B-ORG
0 O

Montrose B-ORG
2 O
Ross B-ORG
County I-ORG
1 O

Queen B-ORG
's I-ORG
Park I-ORG
1 O
Forfar B-ORG
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
soccer O
matches O

on O
Saturday O
: O

Division O
one O

Bradford B-ORG
1 O
Tranmere B-ORG
0 O

Grimsby B-ORG
0 O
Portsmouth B-ORG
1 O

Huddersfield B-ORG
1 O
Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
1 O

Norwich B-ORG
1 O
Wolverhampton B-ORG
0 O

Oldham B-ORG
3 O
Ipswich B-ORG
3 O

Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
2 O
Oxford B-ORG
0 O

Reading B-ORG
2 O
Stoke B-ORG
2 O

Southend B-ORG
1 O
Swindon B-ORG
3 O

Postponed O
: O
Birmingham B-ORG
v O
Barnsley B-ORG
, O
Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
v O
Charlton B-ORG

Playing O
Sunday O
: O
Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
v O
Bolton B-ORG

Division O
two O

Blackpool B-ORG
0 O
Wycombe B-ORG
0 O

Bournemouth B-ORG
1 O
Peterborough B-ORG
2 O

Bristol B-ORG
Rovers I-ORG
1 O
Stockport B-ORG
1 O

Bury B-ORG
4 O
Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
0 O

Crewe B-ORG
0 O
Watford B-ORG
2 O

Gillingham B-ORG
0 O
Chesterfield B-ORG
1 O

Luton B-ORG
1 O
Rotherham B-ORG
0 O

Millwall B-ORG
2 O
Burnley B-ORG
1 O

Notts B-ORG
County I-ORG
0 O
York B-ORG
1 O

Shrewsbury B-ORG
0 O
Brentford3 B-ORG

Postponed O
: O
Walsall B-ORG
v O
Wrexham B-ORG

Division O
three O

Brighton B-ORG
1 O
Scunthorpe B-ORG
1 O

Cambridge B-ORG
United I-ORG
0 O
Cardiff B-ORG
2 O

Colchester B-ORG
1 O
Hereford B-ORG
1 O

Doncaster B-ORG
3 O
Darlington B-ORG
2 O

Fulham B-ORG
1 O
Carlisle B-ORG
0 O

Hull B-ORG
0 O
Barnet B-ORG
0 O

Leyton B-ORG
Orient I-ORG
2 O
Hartlepool B-ORG
0 O

Mansfield B-ORG
0 O
Rochdale B-ORG
0 O

Scarborough B-ORG
1 O
Northampton B-ORG
1 O

Torquay B-ORG
2 O
Exeter B-ORG
0 O

Wigan B-ORG
4 O
Chester B-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
SCORES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
and O
close O
scores O
of O
four-day O
English B-MISC
county O
championship O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

At O
Portsmouth B-LOC
: O
Middlesex B-ORG
beat O
Hampshire B-ORG
by O
188 O
runs O
. O

Middlesex B-ORG
199 O
and O
426 O
, O
Hampshire B-ORG
232 O
and O
205 O
( O
A. B-PER
Fraser I-PER
5-79 O
, O
P. B-PER
Tufnell I-PER
4-39 O
) O
. O

Middlesex B-ORG
20 O
points O
, O
Hampshire B-ORG
5 O
. O

At O
Chester-le-Street B-LOC
: O
Glamorgan B-ORG
beat O
Durham B-ORG
by O
141 O
runs O
. O

Glamorgan B-ORG
259 O
and O
207 O
, O
Durham B-ORG
114 O
and O
211 O
. O

Glamorgan B-ORG
22 O
points O
, O
Durham B-ORG
4 O
. O

At O
Chesterfield B-LOC
: O
Derbyshire B-ORG
beat O
Worcestershire B-ORG
by O
nine O
wickets O
. O

Worcestershire B-ORG
238 O
and O
303 O
( O
K. B-PER
Spiring I-PER
130 O
not O
out O
, O
S. B-PER
Rhodes I-PER
57 O
; O
P. B-PER
DeFreitas I-PER
4-70 O
) O
, O
Derbyshire B-ORG
471 O
and O
71-1 O
. O

Derbyshire B-ORG
24 O
points O
, O
Worcestershire B-ORG
5 O
. O

At O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
( O
London B-LOC
) O
: O
Surrey B-ORG
beat O
Warwickshire B-ORG
by O
an O
innings O
and O
164 O
runs O
. O

Warwickshire B-ORG
195 O
and O
109 O
( O
J. B-PER
Benjamin I-PER
4-17 O
, O
M. B-PER
Bicknell I-PER
4-38 O
) O
, O
Surrey B-ORG
468 O
( O
C. B-PER
Lewis I-PER
94 O
, O
M. B-PER
Butcher I-PER
70 O
, O
G. B-PER
Kersey I-PER
63 O
, O
J. B-PER
Ratcliffe I-PER
63 O
, O
D. B-PER
Bicknell I-PER
55 O
) O
. O

Surrey B-ORG
24 O
points O
, O
Warwickshire B-ORG
2 O
. O

At O
Headingley B-LOC
( O
Leeds B-LOC
) O
: O
Yorkshire B-ORG
290 O
and O
329 O
( O
R. B-PER
Kettleborough I-PER
108 O
, O
G. B-PER
Hamilton I-PER
61 O
; O
P. B-PER
Such I-PER
8-118 O
) O
, O
Essex B-ORG
372 O
and O
100-5 O
. O

At O
Hove B-LOC
: O
Sussex B-ORG
363 O
and O
144 O
, O
Lancashire B-ORG
218 O
and O
53-0 O
. O

At O
Tunbridge B-LOC
Wells I-LOC
: O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
214 O
and O
167-6 O
( O
C. B-PER
Tolley I-PER
64 O
not O
out O
) O
, O
Kent B-ORG
244 O
( O
C. B-PER
Hooper I-PER
58 O
; O
C. B-PER
Tolley I-PER
4-68 O
, O
K. B-PER
Evans I-PER
4-71 O
) O

At O
Bristol B-LOC
: O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
183 O
and O
249 O
( O
J. B-PER
Russell I-PER
75 O
) O
, O
Northamptonshire B-ORG
190 O
and O
218-9 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTOR O
RACING O
- O
LEADING O
QUALIFIERS O
FOR O
VANCOUVER B-LOC
INDYCAR B-MISC
RACE O
. O

VANCOUVER B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Top O
ten O
drivers O
in O
grid O
for O

Sunday O
's O
Vancouver B-LOC
IndyCar B-MISC
race O
after O
final O
qualifying O
on O

Saturday O
( O
tabulate O
by O
driver O
, O
country O
, O
chassis O
, O
motor O
and O
lap O

times O
in O
seconds O
) O
: O

1. O
Alex B-PER
Zanardi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
, O
Reynard B-ORG
Honda I-ORG
, O
53.980 O
( O
113.576 O

mph O
/ O
182.778 O
kph O
) O

2. O
Michael B-PER
Andretti I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
Lola B-ORG
Ford I-ORG
Cosworth I-ORG
, O
54.483 O

3. O
Bobby B-PER
Rahal I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
Reynard B-ORG
Mercedes-Benz I-ORG
, O
54.507 O

4. O
Bryan B-PER
Herta I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
Reynard B-ORG
Mercedes-Benz I-ORG
, O
54.578 O

5. O
Jimmy B-PER
Vasser I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
Reynard B-ORG
Honda I-ORG
, O
54.617 O

6. O
Paul B-PER
Tracy I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
, O
Penske B-ORG
Mercedes-Benz I-ORG
, O
54.620 O

7. O
Al B-PER
Unser I-PER
Jr O
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
Penske B-ORG
Mercedes-Benz I-ORG
, O
54.683 O

8. O
Andre B-PER
Ribeiro I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
, O
Lola B-ORG
Honda I-ORG
, O
54.750 O

9. O
Mauricio B-PER
Gugelmin I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
, O
Reynard B-ORG
Ford I-ORG
Cosworth I-ORG
, O
54.762 O

10. O
Gil B-PER
de I-PER
Ferran I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
, O
Reynard B-ORG
Honda I-ORG
, O
54.774 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
CANADA B-LOC
BEAT O
PANAMA B-LOC
3-1 O
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

EDMONTON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Canada B-LOC
beat O
Panama B-LOC
3-1 O
( O
halftime O
2-0 O
) O
in O
their O
CONCACAF B-ORG
semifinal O
phase O
qualifying O
match O
for O
the O
1998 O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
on O
Friday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Canada B-LOC
- O
Aunger B-PER
( O
41st O
min O
, O
pen O
) O
, O
Paul B-PER
Peschisolido I-PER
( O
42nd O
) O
, O
Carlo B-PER
Corrazin I-PER
( O
87th O
) O

Panama B-LOC
- O
Jorge B-PER
Luis I-PER
Dely I-PER
Valdes I-PER
( O
50th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
9,402 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
SPRINGBOKS B-ORG
FINALLY O
BREAK O
ALL B-ORG
BLACK I-ORG
SPELL O
. O

Andy B-PER
Colquhoun I-PER

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
managed O
to O
avoid O
a O
fifth O
successive O
defeat O
in O
1996 O
at O
the O
hands O
of O
the O
All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
with O
an O
emphatic O
32-22 O
victory O
in O
front O
of O
an O
ecstatic O
Ellis B-LOC
Park I-LOC
crowd O
on O
Saturday O
. O

They O
scored O
three O
tries O
in O
recording O
their O
highest O
total O
against O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
, O
salvaging O
some O
pride O
in O
a O
season O
in O
which O
the O
world O
champions O
have O
lost O
five O
out O
of O
eight O
tests O
. O

It O
also O
ended O
a O
run O
of O
nine O
successive O
victories O
this O
year O
for O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
but O
arrived O
too O
late O
to O
prevent O
a O
2-1 O
series O
defeat O
and O
an O
historic O
first O
All B-ORG
Black I-ORG
series O
triumph O
on O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
soil O
. O

Springbok B-ORG
scrum-half O
Joost B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Westhuizen I-PER
was O
his O
side O
's O
inspiration O
, O
scoring O
their O
opening O
try O
and O
making O
the O
third O
for O
flanker O
Andre B-PER
Venter I-PER
from O
a O
quickly O
taken O
penalty O
to O
give O
his O
side O
a O
29-8 O
lead O
after O
54 O
minutes O
. O

Fullback O
Andre B-PER
Joubert I-PER
scored O
the O
other O
, O
scorching O
in O
from O
40 O
metres O
at O
the O
start O
of O
the O
second O
half O
to O
add O
to O
his O
three O
long-range O
penalties O
. O

The O
All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
salvaged O
some O
pride O
by O
scoring O
two O
tries O
from O
centre O
Walter B-PER
Little I-PER
and O
scrum-half O
Justin B-PER
Marshall I-PER
in O
the O
final O
five O
minutes O
to O
close O
a O
gap O
which O
at O
one O
point O
stood O
at O
24 O
points O
. O

But O
they O
generally O
endured O
an O
off-day O
, O
highlighted O
by O
recalled O
fly-half O
Andrew B-PER
Mehrtens I-PER
who O
missed O
five O
out O
of O
eight O
kicks O
at O
goal O
. O

Recalled O
fly-half O
Henry B-PER
Honiball I-PER
kicked O
the O
Springboks B-ORG
into O
a O
6-0 O
lead O
after O
10 O
minutes O
only O
to O
see O
Andrew B-PER
Mehrtens I-PER
launch O
a O
penalty O
from O
eight O
metres O
inside O
his O
own O
half O
to O
narrow O
the O
gap O
. O

Mehrtens B-PER
missed O
three O
further O
penalties O
and O
a O
conversion O
in O
the O
first O
40 O
minutes O
which O
could O
have O
put O
his O
side O
ahead O
, O
but O
it O
was O
the O
Springboks B-ORG
who O
looked O
the O
more O
dangerous O
. O

Their O
promise O
was O
realised O
when O
Joubert B-PER
made O
a O
40-metre O
break O
in O
the O
25th O
minute O
and O
, O
although O
winger O
Pieter B-PER
Hendriks I-PER
appeared O
to O
knock O
on O
Joubert B-PER
's O
reverse O
pass O
, O
Welsh B-MISC
referee O
Derek B-PER
Bevan I-PER
allowed O
Van B-PER
der I-PER
Westhuizen I-PER
to O
pick O
up O
and O
score O
under O
the O
posts O
. O

Honiball B-PER
converted O
and O
Joubert B-PER
kicked O
a O
penalty O
before O
All B-ORG
Black I-ORG
hooker O
Sean B-PER
Fitzpatrick I-PER
scored O
a O
try O
from O
close O
range O
on O
the O
stroke O
of O
half-time O
to O
narrow O
the O
lead O
to O
16-8 O
and O
hint O
at O
a O
comeback O
. O

Instead O
Joubert B-PER
kicked O
another O
long O
penalty O
and O
then O
raced O
around O
the O
outside O
of O
the O
defence O
to O
score O
the O
Springboks B-ORG
' O
second O
try O
. O

A O
quick O
penalty O
from O
Van B-PER
der I-PER
Westhuizen I-PER
five O
metres O
from O
the O
All B-ORG
Black I-ORG
line O
set O
up O
the O
third O
try O
for O
Venter B-PER
five O
minutes O
later O
and O
when O
Joubert B-PER
kicked O
his O
third O
penalty O
the O
Springboks B-ORG
held O
an O
unassailable O
32-8 O
lead O
going O
into O
the O
last O
quarter O
. O

When O
the O
All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
did O
break O
through O
, O
it O
was O
too O
late O
. O

Centre O
Walter B-PER
Little I-PER
followed O
up O
Mehrtens B-PER
' O
kick O
to O
score O
under O
the O
posts O
and O
scrum-half O
Justin B-PER
Marshall I-PER
forced O
himself O
over O
from O
a O
ruck O
close O
to O
the O
line O
in O
injury-time O
to O
give O
them O
some O
consolation O
. O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
- O
15 O
- O
Andre B-PER
Joubert I-PER
, O
14 O
- O
Justin B-PER
Swart I-PER
, O
13 O
- O
Japie B-PER
Mulder I-PER
( O
Joel B-PER
Stransky I-PER
, O
48 O
mins O
) O
12 O
- O
Danie B-PER
van I-PER
Schalkwyk I-PER
, O
11 O
- O
Pieter B-PER
Hendriks I-PER
; O
10 O
- O
Henry B-PER
Honiball I-PER
, O
9 O
- O
Joost B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Westhuizen I-PER
; O
8 O
- O
Gary B-PER
Teichmann I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
7 O
- O
Andre B-PER
Venter I-PER
( O
Wayne B-PER
Fyvie I-PER
, O
75 O
) O
, O
6 O
- O
Ruben B-PER
Kruge I-PER
, O
5 O
- O
Mark B-PER
Andrews I-PER
( O
Fritz B-PER
van I-PER
Heerden I-PER
, O
39 O
) O
, O
4 O
- O
Kobus B-PER
Wiese I-PER
, O
3 O
- O
Marius B-PER
Hurter I-PER
, O
2 O
- O
James B-PER
Dalton I-PER
, O
1 O
- O
Dawie B-PER
Theron I-PER
( O
Garry B-PER
Pagel I-PER
, O
66 O
) O
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
- O
15 O
- O
Christian B-PER
Cullen I-PER
( O
Alama B-PER
Ieremia I-PER
, O
70 O
) O
, O
14 O
- O
Jeff B-PER
Wilson I-PER
, O
13 O
- O
Walter B-PER
Little I-PER
, O
12 O
- O
Frank B-PER
Bunce I-PER
, O
11 O
- O
Glen B-PER
Osborne I-PER
; O
10 O
- O
Andrew B-PER
Mehrtens I-PER
, O
9 O
- O
Justin B-PER
Marshall I-PER
; O
8 O
- O
Zinzan B-PER
Brooke I-PER
, O
7 O
- O
Josh B-PER
Kronfeld I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Michael B-PER
Jones I-PER
( O
Glenn B-PER
Taylor I-PER
, O
53 O
) O
, O
5 O
- O
Robin B-PER
Brooke I-PER
, O
4 O
- O
Ian B-PER
Jones I-PER
, O
3 O
- O
Olo B-PER
Brown I-PER
, O
2 O
- O
Sean B-PER
Fitzpatrick I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
1 O
- O
Craig B-PER
Dowd I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
SOUTH B-LOC
AFRICA I-LOC
BEAT O
ALL B-ORG
BLACKS I-ORG
32-22 O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
beat O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
32-22 O
( O
haltime O
16-8 O
) O
in O
the O
final O
test O
match O
of O
their O
three-test O
series O
at O
Ellis B-LOC
Park I-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
- O
Tries O
: O
Joost B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Westhuizen I-PER
( O
2 O
) O
, O
Andre B-PER
Joubert I-PER
. O

Conversion O
: O
Henry B-PER
Honiball I-PER
. O

Penalties O
: O
Honiball B-PER
( O
2 O
) O
, O
Joubert B-PER
( O
3 O
) O
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
- O
Tries O
: O
Sean B-PER
Fitzpatrick I-PER
, O
Walter B-PER
Little I-PER
, O
Justin B-PER
Marshall I-PER
. O

Conversions O
: O
Andrew B-PER
Mehrtens I-PER
( O
2 O
) O
. O

Penalties O
: O
Mehrtens B-PER
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
win O
test O
series O
2-1 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
MAURITANIA B-LOC
DISSOLVES O
NATIONAL O
TEAM O
AFTER O
CUP B-MISC
EXIT O
. O

NOUAKCHOTT B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Mauritania B-LOC
's O
soccer O
federation O
dissolved O
the O
national O
team O
and O
suspended O
this O
season O
's O
domestic O
championship O
on O
Saturday O
in O
the O
wake O
of O
the O
country O
's O
failure O
to O
qualify O
for O
the O
African B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
' I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

" O
Since O
Mauritania B-LOC
has O
been O
eliminated O
on O
all O
fronts O
and O
the O
next O
commitments O
are O
not O
for O
another O
two O
years O
, O
we O
have O
reason O
to O
take O
a O
break O
, O
" O
federation O
president O
Mohamed B-PER
Lemine I-PER
Cheiguer I-PER
said O
. O

The O
North B-MISC
Africans I-MISC
were O
held O
to O
a O
goalless O
draw O
by O
Benin B-LOC
on O
Friday O
after O
losing O
the O
first O
leg O
of O
their O
qualifying O
tie O
4-1 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
MAURITANIA B-LOC
DRAW O
WITH O
BENIN B-LOC
IN O
AFRICAN B-MISC
NATIONS I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

NOUAKCHOTT B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Mauritania B-LOC
drew O
0-0 O
with O
Benin B-LOC
in O
their O
African B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
preliminary O
round O
, O
second O
leg O
soccer O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

Benin B-LOC
won O
4-1 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
YUGOSLAV B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
of O
Yugoslav B-MISC
league O

soccer O
matches O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Division O
A O

Hajduk B-ORG
2 O
Proleter B-ORG
( I-ORG
Z I-ORG
) I-ORG
0 O

Zemun B-ORG
1 O
Rad B-ORG
( O
B O
) O
0 O

Borac B-ORG
1 O
Mladost B-ORG
( I-ORG
L I-ORG
) I-ORG
2 O

Cukaricki B-ORG
1 O
Vojvodina B-ORG
0 O

Buducnost B-ORG
1 O
Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
3 O

Partizan B-ORG
6 O
Becej B-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O

against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
4 O
4 O
0 O
0 O
9 O
3 O
12 O

Partizan B-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
13 O
3 O
10 O

Mladost B-ORG
( I-ORG
L I-ORG
) I-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
8 O
5 O
7 O

Vojvodina B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
3 O
7 O

Becej B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
7 O
7 O

Hajduk B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
3 O
6 O

Cukaricki B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
6 O
6 O
6 O

Zemun B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
5 O

Rad B-ORG
( I-ORG
B I-ORG
) I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
3 O
4 O

Buducnost B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
4 O
8 O
3 O

Proleter B-ORG
( I-ORG
Z I-ORG
) I-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
9 O
1 O

Borac B-ORG
4 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
10 O
0 O

Division O
B O

Sloboda B-ORG
4 O
Mladost B-ORG
( I-ORG
BJ I-ORG
) I-ORG
0 O

Buducnost B-ORG
( I-ORG
V I-ORG
) I-ORG
0 O
OFK B-ORG
Beograd I-ORG
1 O

Rudar B-ORG
0 O
OFK B-ORG
Kikinda I-ORG
1 O

Obilic B-ORG
2 O
Zeleznik B-ORG
( I-ORG
B I-ORG
) I-ORG
0 O

Sutjeska B-ORG
1 O
Loznica B-ORG
0 O

Radnicki B-ORG
( I-ORG
N I-ORG
) I-ORG
- O
Spartak B-ORG
( O
to O
be O
played O
on O
Sunday O
) O

Standings O
: O

Obilic B-ORG
4 O
4 O
0 O
0 O
10 O
1 O
12 O

OFK B-ORG
Kikinda I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
8 O
3 O
9 O

Sutjeska B-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
5 O
9 O

Loznica B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
7 O
4 O
6 O

OFK B-ORG
Beograd I-ORG
4 O
1 O
3 O
0 O
5 O
4 O
6 O

Buducnost B-ORG
( I-ORG
V I-ORG
) I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
5 O
6 O

Sloboda B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
8 O
8 O
4 O

Spartak B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Radnicki B-ORG
( I-ORG
N I-ORG
) I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
3 O

Zeleznik B-ORG
( I-ORG
B I-ORG
) I-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
4 O
7 O
3 O

Rudar B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
7 O
3 O

Mladost B-ORG
( I-ORG
BJ I-ORG
) I-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
10 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
INCE B-PER
EXPOSED O
BY O
GASCOIGNE B-PER
'S O
LATEST O
PRANK O
. O

CHISINAU B-LOC
, O
Moldova B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

England B-LOC
's O
irrepressible O
midfielder O
Paul B-PER
Gascoigne I-PER
was O
up O
to O
his O
old O
tricks O
on O
Saturday O
, O
pulling O
down O
his O
team O
mate O
Paul B-PER
Ince I-PER
's O
trousers O
in O
front O
of O
an O
astonished O
crowd O
in O
Moldova B-LOC
. O

Ince B-PER
was O
clambering O
over O
a O
wall O
at O
the O
Republican B-MISC
stadium O
in O
Chisinau B-LOC
as O
Glenn B-PER
Hoddle I-PER
's O
England B-LOC
players O
tried O
to O
escape O
heavy O
rain O
during O
an O
under-21 O
clash O
. O

Gascoigne B-PER
, O
whose O
compulsive O
practical O
joking O
has O
landed O
him O
in O
trouble O
in O
the O
past O
, O
tugged O
down O
the O
Inter B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
player O
's O
trousers O
in O
front O
of O
a O
group O
of O
press O
photographers O
. O

Hoddle B-PER
, O
coaching O
the O
side O
for O
the O
first O
time O
, O
declined O
to O
comment O
on O
the O
incident O
. O

England B-LOC
face O
Moldova B-LOC
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
in O
the O
same O
stadium O
on O
Sunday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
TROFEJ B-MISC
BEOGRAD I-MISC
TOURNAMENT I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
in O
the O
Trofej B-MISC
Beograd I-MISC
96 I-MISC

international O
basketball O
tournament O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Fifth O
place O
: O

Benetton B-ORG
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
92 O
Dinamo B-ORG
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
81 O
( O
halftime O
50-28 O
) O

Third O
place O
: O

Alba B-ORG
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
75 O
Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
( O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
) O
70 O
( O
42-41 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALLSOCCER O
- O
TROFEJ B-MISC
BEOGRAD I-MISC
TOURNAMENT I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
in O
the O
Trofej B-MISC
Beograd I-MISC
96 I-MISC

international O
basketball O
tournament O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Fifth O
place O
: O

Benetton B-ORG
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
92 O
Dinamo B-ORG
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
81 O
( O
halftime O
50-28 O
) O

Third O
place O
: O

Alba B-ORG
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
75 O
Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
( O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
) O
70 O
( O
42-41 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ROMANIA B-LOC
BEAT O
LITHUANIA B-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Romania B-LOC
beat O
Lithuania B-LOC
3-0 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
8 O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Romania B-LOC
- O
Viorel B-PER
Moldovan I-PER
( O
21st O
minute O
) O
, O
Dan B-PER
Petrescu I-PER
( O
65th O
) O
, O
Constantin B-PER
Galca I-PER
( O
77th O
) O

Attendence O
: O
9,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ARMENIA B-LOC
AND O
PORTUGAL B-LOC
DRAW O
0-0 O
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

YEREVAN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Armenia B-LOC
and O
Portugal B-LOC
drew O
0-0 O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
9 O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Attendance O
: O
5,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
AZERBAIJAN B-LOC
BEAT O
SWITZERLAND B-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

BAKU B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Azerbaijan B-LOC
beat O
Switzerland B-LOC
1-0 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
their O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
three O
qualifying O
match O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorer O
: O

Vidadi B-PER
Rzayev I-PER
( O
28th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
20,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
BENETTON B-ORG
BEAT O
DINAMO B-ORG
92-81 O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Benetton B-ORG
of O
Italy B-LOC
beat O
Dinamo B-ORG
of O
Russia B-LOC
92-81 O
( O
halftime O
50-28 O
) O
in O
a O
fifth O
place O
play-off O
in O
the O
Trofej B-MISC
Beograd I-MISC
96 I-MISC
international O
basketball O
tournament O
on O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SWEDEN B-LOC
BEAT O
LATVIA B-LOC
IN O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
UNDER-21 O
QUALIFIER O
. O

RIGA B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Sweden B-LOC
beat O
Latvia B-LOC
2-0 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O
in O
a O
European B-MISC
under-21 O
soccer O
championship O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O
Joakim B-PER
Persson I-PER
81st O
minute O
, O
Daniel B-PER
Andersson I-PER
( O
89th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
300 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BELARUS B-LOC
BEAT O
ESTONIA B-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

MINSK B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Belarus B-LOC
beat O
Estonia B-LOC
1-0 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
4 O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorer O
: O
Vladimir B-PER
Makovsky I-PER
( O
35th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
6,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
BEAT O
MOLDOVA B-LOC
IN O
UNDER-21 O
QUALIFIER O
. O

CHISINAU B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

England B-LOC
beat O
Moldova B-LOC
2-0 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
a O
European B-MISC
Under-21 O
soccer O
championship O
group O
2 O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O
Bruce B-PER
Dyer I-PER
( O
39th O
minute O
) O
, O
Darren B-PER
Eadie I-PER
( O
53rd O
) O

Attendance O
: O
850 O

-DOCSTART- O

SQUASH O
- O
HILL B-PER
BRANDS O
WORLD O
CHAMPION O
JANSHER B-PER
A O
CHEAT O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Controversial O
Australian B-MISC
Anthony B-PER
Hill I-PER
called O
Jansher B-PER
Khan I-PER
a O
cheat O
during O
his O
acrimonious O
defeat O
by O
the O
world O
number O
one O
in O
the O
Hong B-MISC
Kong I-MISC
Open I-MISC
semifinals O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
match O
boiled O
over O
when O
Hill B-PER
made O
to O
walk O
off O
court O
after O
what O
he O
claimed O
was O
a O
game-winning O
point O
in O
the O
third O
. O

When O
the O
referee O
called O
Jansher B-PER
's O
return O
good O
and O
the O
decision O
was O
accepted O
by O
the O
player O
, O
Hill B-PER
shrieked O
at O
the O
Pakistani B-MISC
: O
" O
You O
cheat O
. O
" O

" O
He O
was O
standing O
right O
there O
and O
knew O
the O
shot O
was O
down O
so O
I O
called O
him O
a O
cheat O
, O
" O
said O
Hill B-PER
, O
whose O
squash O
career O
has O
been O
blighted O
by O
fines O
and O
suspensions O
for O
unacceptable O
behaviour O
. O

" O
He O
knew O
it O
was O
down O
and O
accepted O
what O
I O
called O
him O
because O
of O
that O
. O
" O

Hill B-PER
won O
the O
game O
on O
the O
next O
point O
and O
said O
later O
that O
Jansher B-PER
was O
generally O
honest O
on O
court O
but O
played O
by O
the O
referee O
's O
decision O
. O

The O
Australian B-MISC
had O
upset O
Jansher B-PER
's O
rhythm O
with O
his O
mixture O
of O
gamesmanship O
and O
fluent O
stroke-making O
but O
eventually O
succumbed O
15-7 O
17-15 O
14-15 O
15-8 O
. O

" O
I O
changed O
my O
strategy O
against O
him O
today O
and O
had O
him O
rattled O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

He O
is O
not O
as O
fit O
as O
he O
used O
to O
be O
be O
but O
was O
too O
good O
for O
me O
in O
the O
end O
. O

I O
shook O
him O
a O
bit O
but O
he O
will O
come O
out O
next O
time O
and O
be O
a O
better O
player O
for O
it O
-- O
that O
's O
Jansher O
. O
" O

Jansher B-PER
said O
that O
he O
was O
disturbed O
to O
be O
called O
a O
cheat O
. O
" O

What O
he O
did O
was O
bad O
for O
squash O
, O
bad O
for O
the O
crowd O
and O
bad O
for O
the O
sponsors O
. O

" O
We O
are O
trying O
to O
build O
up O
squash O
like O
tennis O
and O
players O
should O
not O
say O
things O
like O
that O
. O

" O
I O
think O
the O
Professional B-ORG
Squash I-ORG
Association I-ORG
should O
look O
into O
this O
matter O
and O
deal O
with O
it O
properly O
. O

I O
am O
not O
calling O
for O
him O
to O
be O
banned O
but O
they O
have O
to O
take O
some O
action O
. O
" O

Jansher B-PER
, O
bidding O
for O
an O
eighth O
Hong B-MISC
Kong I-MISC
Open I-MISC
title O
, O
plays O
second-seeded O
Australian B-MISC
Rodney B-PER
Eyles I-PER
in O
the O
final O
. O

Eyles B-PER
played O
his O
best O
squash O
of O
the O
tournament O
to O
beat O
fourth-seeded O
Peter B-PER
Nicol I-PER
of O
Scotland B-LOC
15-10 O
8-15 O
15-10 O
15-4 O
. O

Eyles B-PER
, O
who O
defeated O
Jansher B-PER
in O
the O
semifinals O
of O
the O
Portuguese B-MISC
Open I-MISC
in O
1993 O
, O
said O
that O
he O
would O
like O
to O
win O
for O
the O
good O
of O
the O
game O
. O

" O
I O
have O
nothing O
against O
Jansher B-PER
but O
it O
will O
be O
great O
if O
I O
could O
beat O
him O
, O
" O
said O
Eyles B-PER
. O
" O

My O
biggest O
problem O
against O
Jansher B-PER
is O
concentration O
. O

I O
want O
to O
beat O
him O
so O
badly O
that O
I O
just O
cannot O
get O
it O
together O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

SQUASH O
- O
HONG B-MISC
KONG I-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
SEMIFINAL O
RESULTS O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Semifinal O
results O
in O
the O
Hong B-MISC
Kong I-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Saturday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O
1 O
- O
Jansher B-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Anthony B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
15-7 O
17-15 O
14-15 O
15-8 O
2 O
- O
Rodney B-PER
Eyles I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
4 O
- O
Peter B-PER
Nicol I-PER
( O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
15-10 O
8-15 O
15-10 O
15-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
PARNEVIK B-PER
TAKES O
ONE-SHOT O
LEAD O
AT O
GREATER B-MISC
MILWAUKEE I-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

MILWAUKEE B-LOC
, O
Wisconsin B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Jesper B-PER
Parnevik I-PER
of O
Sweden B-LOC
fired O
a O
course O
record-tying O
eight-under-par O
63 O
Saturday O
to O
take O
a O
one-shot O
lead O
into O
the O
final O
round O
of O
the O
$ O
1.2 O
million O
Greater B-MISC
Milwaukee I-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

Parnevik B-PER
, O
who O
is O
seeking O
his O
first O
PGA B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
victory O
, O
moved O
to O
19-under O
194 O
for O
the O
tournament O
. O

Parnevik B-PER
tied O
the O
18-hole O
record O
set O
by O
Loren B-PER
Roberts I-PER
in O
1994 O
at O
the O
Brown B-LOC
Deer I-LOC
Park I-LOC
Golf I-LOC
Course I-LOC
and O
also O
equalled O
Saturday O
by O
Greg B-PER
Kraft I-PER
. O

Nolan B-PER
Henke I-PER
, O
who O
led O
by O
two O
strokes O
entering O
the O
third O
round O
, O
carded O
a O
four-under O
67 O
and O
was O
one O
stroke O
back O
at O
18-under O
195 O
. O

He O
is O
striving O
for O
his O
fourth O
career O
PGA B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
victory O
and O
first O
since O
the O
1993 B-MISC
BellSouth I-MISC
Classic I-MISC
. O

Tiger B-PER
Woods I-PER
, O
who O
made O
the O
cut O
in O
his O
first O
tournament O
as O
a O
professional O
, O
shot O
a O
two-over-par O
73 O
and O
was O
four O
under O
for O
the O
tournament O
. O

The O
20-year-old O
Woods B-PER
, O
who O
turned O
professional O
Tuesday O
after O
winning O
an O
unprecedented O
third O
successive O
U.S. B-MISC
Amateur I-MISC
Championship I-MISC
, O
struggled O
on O
the O
front O
nine O
, O
bogeying O
the O
first O
and O
seventh O
holes O
and O
double-bogeying O
the O
par-four O
, O
359-yard O
ninth O
hole O
. O

After O
bogeying O
the O
10th O
hole O
to O
move O
to O
four-over O
for O
the O
round O
, O
he O
rallied O
for O
birdies O
on O
15 O
and O
18 O
. O

After O
Parnevik B-PER
started O
off O
his O
round O
by O
parring O
the O
first O
hole O
and O
bogeying O
the O
second O
, O
the O
Swede B-MISC
birdied O
six O
of O
the O
next O
seven O
holes O
. O

Parnevik B-PER
continued O
to O
storm O
through O
the O
course O
, O
birdying O
three O
holes O
on O
the O
back O
nine O
, O
including O
two O
from O
12 O
feet O
out O
on O
the O
15th O
and O
17th O
holes O
. O

" O
I O
ca O
n't O
remember O
when O
I O
've O
putted O
this O
well O
, O
" O
said O
Parnevik B-PER
. O
" O

I O
was O
disappointed O
when O
a O
12-footer O
did O
n't O
go O
in O
. O

" O
My O
game O
feels O
very O
good O
. O

I O
've O
been O
fading O
my O
driver O
but O
today O
whenever O
I O
set O
up O
for O
a O
fade O
it O
went O
straight O
. O

Whenever O
everyone O
's O
making O
birdies O
, O
you O
never O
want O
to O
be O
even O
par O
. O
" O

Henke B-PER
had O
a O
bogey-free O
round O
and O
birdied O
four O
holes O
, O
including O
a O
45-footer O
on O
the O
par-three O
215-yard O
seventh O
hole O
and O
one O
from O
12 O
feet O
out O
on O
the O
12th O
hole O
. O

" O
I O
did O
n't O
hit O
it O
very O
well O
today O
, O
" O
said O
Henke B-PER
. O
" O

Jasper B-PER
blew O
right O
by O
me O
. O

Once O
he O
did O
, O
I O
knew O
I O
had O
to O
make O
birdies O
just O
to O
keep O
up O
. O

I O
made O
some O
really O
good O
pars O
. O

I O
basically O
picked O
up O
where O
I O
left O
off O
yesterday O
afternoon O
. O

" O
Right O
now O
, O
I O
ca O
n't O
put O
my O
finger O
on O
what O
's O
wrong O
. O
" O

Bob B-PER
Estes I-PER
shot O
a O
67 O
for O
sole O
possession O
of O
third O
place O
at O
15-under O
. O

Steve B-PER
Stricker I-PER
, O
who O
tied O
for O
second O
at O
last O
week O
's O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
, O
and O
Stuart B-PER
Appleby I-PER
were O
both O
five O
shots O
off O
the O
lead O
at O
14 O
under O
. O

Duffy B-PER
Waldorf I-PER
, O
who O
also O
tied O
for O
second O
at O
the O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
, O
carded O
a O
70 O
to O
lead O
a O
group O
of O
six O
golfers O
at O
13 O
under O
, O
including O
Kraft B-PER
. O

The O
top O
four O
on O
the O
PGA B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
money O
list O
all O
skipped O
the O
tournament O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
SPAIN B-LOC
, O
U.S. B-LOC
TEAMS O
OPEN O
ON O
ROAD O
FOR O
1997 B-MISC
FED I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

Richard B-PER
Finn I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

This O
year O
's O
Fed B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
finalists O
-- O
defending O
champion O
Spain B-LOC
and O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
-- O
will O
hit O
the O
road O
to O
open O
the O
1997 O
women O
's O
international O
team O
competition O
, O
based O
on O
the O
draw O
conducted O
Saturday O
at O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

Spain B-LOC
travels O
to O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
while O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
team O
heads O
to O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
for O
first-round O
matches O
March O
1-2 O
. O

The O
other O
two O
first-round O
ties O
will O
pit O
hosts O
Germany B-LOC
against O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
and O
visiting O
France B-LOC
against O
Japan B-LOC
. O

The O
semifinals O
are O
July O
19-20 O
, O
and O
the O
final O
September O
27- O
28 O
. O

Life O
on O
the O
road O
this O
year O
did O
not O
slow O
the O
Americans B-MISC
, O
who O
will O
try O
to O
avenge O
their O
3-2 O
defeat O
in O
the O
final O
last O
year O
when O
they O
host O
Spain B-LOC
on O
September O
28-29 O
in O
Atlantic B-LOC
City I-LOC
. O

" O
Last O
year O
we O
stood O
on O
the O
court O
after O
we O
had O
lost O
and O
we O
put O
out O
hands O
together O
and O
made O
it O
our O
committment O
to O
bring O
back O
the O
Cup B-MISC
, O
" O
U.S. B-LOC
captain O
Billie B-PER
Jean I-PER
King I-PER
said O
at O
the O
draw O
. O
" O

That O
is O
our O
sole O
goal O
. O
" O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
edged O
Austria B-LOC
in O
Salzburg B-LOC
3-2 O
in O
the O
opening O
round O
in O
April O
, O
and O
then O
blanked O
Japan B-LOC
5-0 O
in O
Nagoya B-LOC
last O
month O
in O
the O
semifinals O
. O

The O
victory O
against O
Japan B-LOC
marked O
the O
Fed B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
debut O
of O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
, O
who O
became O
a O
naturalised O
U.S. B-LOC
citizen O
in O
1994 O
. O

Seles B-PER
easily O
won O
both O
her O
singles O
matches O
and O
King B-PER
is O
counting O
on O
the O
co-world O
number O
one O
to O
lead O
the O
team O
again O
. O

" O
I O
told O
Monica B-PER
we O
need O
her O
if O
we O
want O
to O
win O
, O
" O
King B-PER
said O
. O

Seles B-PER
's O
sore O
left O
shoulder O
and O
a O
wrist O
injury O
to O
Fed B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
veteran O
Mary B-PER
Joe I-PER
Fernandez I-PER
have O
forced O
King B-PER
to O
take O
a O
wait O
and O
see O
attitude O
regarding O
her O
squad O
for O
the O
best-of-five O
match O
. O

Fernandez B-PER
was O
forced O
to O
withdraw O
from O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

" O
We O
will O
wait O
until O
the O
last O
minute O
so O
we O
check O
with O
everybody O
and O
their O
injuries O
, O
" O
said O
King B-PER
. O
" O

What O
we O
like O
would O
be O
Seles B-PER
, O
( O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Lindsay B-PER
) O
Davenport B-PER
and O
Mary B-PER
Joe I-PER
Fernandez I-PER
. O
" O

If O
she O
can O
get O
that O
threesome O
together O
, O
King B-PER
will O
feel O
good O
about O
her O
chances O
against O
the O
Spain B-LOC
's O
formidable O
duo O
of O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
and O
Conchita B-PER
Martinez I-PER
. O

" O
To O
be O
a O
great O
coach O
you O
have O
to O
have O
the O
right O
horses O
and O
I O
got O
the O
right O
horses O
, O
" O
said O
King B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
SATURDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
FROM O
THE O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
from O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
Tennis I-MISC
Championships I-MISC
at O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
on O
Saturday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
third O
round O
1 O
- O
Steffi B-PER
Graf I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Natasha B-PER
Zvereva I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-2 O
16 O
- O
Martina B-PER
Hingis I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Naoko B-PER
Kijimuta I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-2 O
Judith B-PER
Wiesner I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Petra B-PER
Langrova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
6 O
- O
2 O
6-0 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
third O
round O
13 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Enqvist I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Pablo B-PER
Campana I-PER
( O
Ecuador B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O
6-2 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
DRAW O
FOR O
1997 B-MISC
FED I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
WOMEN O
'S O
TEAM O
TOURNAMENT O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Draw O
for O
the O
women O
's O
1997 B-MISC
Fed I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
team O
tennis O
championships O
, O
as O
conducted O
at O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Saturday O
: O

World O
Group O
I O
, O
first O
round O
( O
March O
1-2 O
) O

United B-LOC
States I-LOC
at O
Netherlands B-LOC

Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
at O
Germany B-LOC

France B-LOC
at O
Japan B-LOC

Spain B-LOC
at O
Belgium B-LOC

( O
semifinals O
July O
19-20 O
, O
and O
finals O
September O
27-28 O
) O

World O
Group O
II O
, O
first O
round O
( O
March O
1-2 O
) O

Austria B-LOC
at O
Croatia B-LOC

Switzerland B-LOC
at O
Slovak B-LOC
Republic I-LOC

Argentina B-LOC
at O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC

Australia B-LOC
at O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
U.S. B-LOC
BEAT O
EL B-LOC
SALVADOR I-LOC
3-1 O
. O

LOS B-LOC
ANGELES I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
beat O
El B-LOC
Salvador I-LOC
3-1 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
an O
international O
soccer O
friendly O
on O
Friday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

U.S. B-LOC
- O
Joe-Max B-PER
Moore I-PER
( O
3rd O
minute O
, O
88th O
on O
penalty O
kick O
) O
, O
Eric B-PER
Wynalda I-PER
( O
61st O
) O

El B-LOC
Salvador I-LOC
- O
Luis B-PER
Lazo I-PER
( O
61st O
) O

Attendance O
- O
18,661 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
FRIDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
75 O
59 O
.560 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
71 O
63 O
.530 O
4 O

BOSTON B-ORG
69 O
66 O
.511 O
6 O
1/2 O

TORONTO B-ORG
63 O
72 O
.467 O
12 O
1/2 O

DETROIT B-ORG
49 O
86 O
.363 O
26 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
80 O
54 O
.597 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
72 O
64 O
.529 O
9 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
67 O
68 O
.496 O
13 O
1/2 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
65 O
71 O
.478 O
16 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
61 O
75 O
.449 O
20 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
76 O
58 O
.567 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
70 O
64 O
.522 O
6 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
65 O
72 O
.474 O
12 O
1/2 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
62 O
73 O
.459 O
14 O
1/2 O

SATURDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
31 O
SCHEDULE O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
AT O
DETROIT B-LOC

BALTIMORE B-ORG
AT O
SEATTLE B-LOC

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
TORONTO B-LOC

MINNESOTA B-ORG
AT O
MILWAUKEE B-LOC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
AT O
TEXAS B-LOC

BOSTON B-ORG
AT O
OAKLAND B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
CALIFORNIA B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
84 O
50 O
.627 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
71 O
62 O
.534 O
12 O
1/2 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
65 O
70 O
.481 O
19 O
1/2 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
76 O
.437 O
25 O
1/2 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
54 O
81 O
.400 O
30 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
73 O
63 O
.537 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
70 O
65 O
.519 O
2 O
1/2 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
66 O
67 O
.496 O
5 O
1/2 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
66 O
68 O
.493 O
6 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
56 O
78 O
.418 O
16 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
76 O
60 O
.559 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
73 O
61 O
.545 O
2 O

COLORADO B-ORG
70 O
66 O
.515 O
6 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
58 O
74 O
.439 O
16 O

SATURDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
31 O
SCHEDULE O

ATLANTA B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

HOUSTON B-ORG
AT O
PITTSBURGH B-LOC

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

FLORIDA B-ORG
AT O
CINCINNATI B-LOC

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
AT O
PHILADELPHIA B-LOC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
AT O
MONTREAL B-LOC

COLORADO B-ORG
AT O
ST B-LOC
LOUIS I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
FRIDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

DETROIT B-ORG
4 O
Kansas B-ORG
City I-ORG
0 O

Chicago B-ORG
11 O
TORONTO B-ORG
2 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
5 O
Minnesota B-ORG
4 O
( O
in O
12 O
) O

TEXAS B-ORG
5 O
Cleveland B-ORG
3 O

New B-ORG
York I-ORG
6 O
CALIFORNIA B-ORG
2 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
7 O
Boston B-ORG
0 O

Baltimore B-ORG
5 O
SEATTLE B-ORG
2 O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

CHICAGO B-ORG
3 O
Atlanta B-ORG
2 O
( O
1st O
game O
) O

Atlanta B-ORG
6 O
CHICAGO B-ORG
5 O
( O
2nd O
game O
) O

Florida B-ORG
3 O
CINCINNATI B-ORG
1 O

San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
6 O
MONTREAL B-ORG
0 O

Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
7 O
PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
6 O
( O
in O
12 O
) O

Houston B-ORG
10 O
PITTSBURGH B-ORG
0 O

San B-ORG
Francisco I-ORG
6 O
NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
4 O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
7 O
Colorado B-ORG
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
KEVIN B-PER
BROWN I-PER
LOWERS O
ERA B-MISC
AS O
MARLINS B-ORG
BEAT O
REDS B-ORG
. O

CINCINNATI B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Major O
league O
ERA B-MISC
leader O
Kevin B-PER
Brown I-PER
threw O
an O
eight-hitter O
and O
Devon B-PER
White I-PER
's O
RBI B-MISC
double O
snapped O
a O
fifth-inning O
tie O
as O
the O
Florida B-ORG
Marlins I-ORG
beat O
the O
Cincinnati B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
3-1 O
for O
their O
seventh O
straight O
win O
Friday O
. O

Brown B-PER
( O
14-10 O
) O
tied O
Todd B-PER
Stottlemyre I-PER
of O
the O
Cardinals B-ORG
for O
the O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
lead O
with O
his O
fifth O
complete O
game O
and O
lowered O
his O
major O
league-leading O
earned O
run O
average O
from O
1.96 O
to O
1.92 O
. O

He O
struck O
out O
eight O
and O
did O
not O
walk O
a O
batter O
. O

Brown B-PER
threw O
119 O
pitches O
and O
won O
for O
the O
third O
time O
in O
as O
many O
starts O
against O
the O
Reds B-ORG
this O
season O
. O

" O
Bolesy B-PER
( O
Florida B-ORG
manager O
John B-PER
Boles I-PER
) O
told O
me O
yesterday O
, O
' O
You O
have O
to O
go O
nine O
tomorrow O
, O
' O
" O
Brown B-PER
said O
. O

" O
In O
the O
early O
innings O
, O
I O
was O
struggling O
, O
I O
was O
just O
trying O
to O
make O
it O
from O
pitch O
to O
pitch O
. O

I O
gave O
up O
a O
lot O
of O
hits O
in O
the O
early O
innings O
and O
I O
was O
n't O
thinking O
about O
the O
seventh O
, O
eighth O
or O
ninth O
. O

I O
was O
n't O
satisfied O
with O
any O
of O
my O
pitches O
and O
I O
did O
a O
better O
job O
of O
moving O
the O
ball O
around O
in O
the O
later O
innings O
. O
" O

" O
He O
has O
a O
devastating O
sinker O
, O
" O
observed O
Reds B-ORG
manager O
Ray B-PER
Knight I-PER
. O
" O

The O
guys O
say O
it O
moved O
more O
than O
everyone O
in O
the O
league O
. O

I O
remember O
Nolan B-PER
Ryan I-PER
saying O
in O
' O
91 O
or O
' O
92 O
that O
he O
was O
the O
best O
young O
pitcher O
coming O
around O
in O
a O
long O
time O
and O
he O
saw O
( B-PER
Tom I-PER
) I-PER
Seaver I-PER
and O
( B-PER
Jerry I-PER
) I-PER
Koosman I-PER
when O
they O
were O
starting O
. O
" O

In O
Philadelphia B-LOC
, O
Delino B-PER
DeShields I-PER
's O
triple O
in O
the O
top O
of O
the O
12th O
off O
Jeff B-PER
Parrett I-PER
( O
2-3 O
) O
scored O
Chad B-PER
Curtis I-PER
and O
lifted O
the O
Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
Dodgers I-ORG
to O
a O
7-6 O
victory O
over O
the O
Phillies B-ORG
. O

Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
won O
for O
the O
seventh O
time O
in O
eight O
games O
. O

Darren B-PER
Dreifort I-PER
( O
1-1 O
) O
picked O
up O
the O
win O
after O
allowing O
a O
hit O
and O
a O
walk O
over O
2 O
1/3 O
scoreless O
innings O
. O

Todd B-PER
Worrell I-PER
worked O
the O
12th O
to O
earn O
his O
league-leading O
37th O
save O
. O

The O
Phillies B-ORG
have O
dropped O
five O
of O
their O
last O
six O
overall O
, O
and O
nine O
of O
11 O
at O
home O
. O

Billy B-PER
Ashley I-PER
belted O
a O
three-run O
homer O
for O
Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
. O

In O
Chicago B-LOC
, O
the O
Braves B-ORG
and O
Cubs B-ORG
split O
a O
doubleheader O
. O

In O
the O
first O
game O
, O
Ryne B-PER
Sandberg I-PER
snapped O
an O
eighth-inning O
tie O
with O
an O
infield O
single O
and O
Kevin B-PER
Foster I-PER
( O
6-2 O
) O
outdueled O
Atlanta B-ORG
's O
Tom B-PER
Glavine I-PER
( O
13-8 O
) O
for O
his O
third O
straight O
win O
, O
3-2 O
. O

Foster B-PER
, O
a O
.333 O
hitter O
, O
helped O
his O
own O
cause O
in O
the O
second O
with O
a O
two-run O
single O
. O

The O
Braves B-ORG
took O
the O
second O
game O
when O
Chipper B-PER
Jones I-PER
singled O
home O
the O
tying O
run O
in O
the O
top O
of O
the O
ninth O
and O
Andruw B-PER
Jones I-PER
took O
advantage O
of O
a O
poor O
throw O
to O
score O
the O
go-ahead O
run O
on O
a O
sacrifice O
fly O
for O
a O
6-5 O
victory O
. O

Cubs B-ORG
shortstop O
Jose B-PER
Hernandez I-PER
committed O
three O
of O
Chicago B-LOC
's O
four O
errors O
. O

Mike B-PER
Mordecai I-PER
singled O
, O
doubled O
and O
homered O
for O
Atlanta B-LOC
, O
which O
has O
won O
14 O
of O
its O
last O
19 O
games O
and O
has O
the O
best O
record O
in O
the O
majors O
, O
84-50 O
. O

In O
Montreal B-LOC
, O
Scott B-PER
Sanders I-PER
allowed O
one O
hit O
over O
eight O
innings O
and O
Wally B-PER
Joyner I-PER
hit O
a O
two-run O
single O
in O
a O
four-run O
third O
as O
the O
San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
Padres I-ORG
blanked O
the O
Expos B-ORG
6-0 O
for O
their O
sixth O
straight O
win O
. O

Sanders B-PER
( O
8-4 O
) O
struck O
out O
10 O
and O
walked O
three O
to O
win O
his O
fourth O
straight O
. O

He O
allowed O
a O
leadoff O
double O
to O
David B-PER
Segui I-PER
in O
the O
second O
, O
and O
won O
for O
the O
seventh O
time O
in O
eight O
decisions O
. O

The O
right-hander O
retired O
14 O
batters O
in O
a O
row O
from O
the O
second O
inning O
through O
the O
seventh O
. O

Mike B-PER
Oquist I-PER
allowed O
one O
Montreal B-LOC
hit O
in O
the O
ninth O
. O

Montreal B-LOC
lost O
for O
the O
ninth O
time O
in O
14 O
games O
. O

In O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
, O
Marvin B-PER
Benard I-PER
's O
two-run O
homer O
snapped O
a O
tie O
and O
Shawn B-PER
Estes I-PER
came O
one O
out O
away O
from O
his O
first O
complete O
game O
as O
the O
San B-ORG
Francisco I-ORG
Giants I-ORG
beat O
the O
Mets B-ORG
6-4 O
. O

Benard B-PER
, O
hitting O
.467 O
( O
14-for-30 O
) O
against O
the O
Mets B-ORG
this O
season O
, O
hit O
his O
first O
pitch O
from O
Pete B-PER
Harnisch I-PER
( O
8-10 O
) O
in O
the O
seventh O
over O
the O
right-field O
fence O
to O
put O
the O
Giants B-ORG
up O
4-2 O
. O

Estes B-PER
( O
3-4 O
) O
was O
lifted O
for O
closer O
Rod B-PER
Beck I-PER
after O
yielding O
a O
single O
with O
two O
out O
in O
the O
ninth O
. O

Beck B-PER
allowed O
a O
two-run O
double O
to O
Alvaro B-PER
Espinoza I-PER
, O
who O
collected O
a O
career-high O
four O
RBI B-MISC
, O
but O
struck O
out O
Brent B-PER
Mayne I-PER
for O
his O
31st O
save O
. O

The O
loss O
was O
the O
Mets B-ORG
' O
eighth O
straight O
, O
their O
longest O
slide O
since O
September O
1993 O
, O
and O
dropped O
them O
to O
0-4 O
under O
new O
manager O
Bobby B-PER
Valentine I-PER
. O

In O
St B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
, O
Tom B-PER
Pagnozzi I-PER
had O
three O
hits O
and O
three O
RBI B-MISC
and O
Alan B-PER
Benes I-PER
scattered O
six O
hits O
over O
six-plus O
innings O
as O
the O
Cardinals B-ORG
beat O
the O
Colorado B-ORG
Rockies I-ORG
7-4 O
. O

Benes B-PER
( O
12-8 O
) O
allowed O
three O
runs O
, O
walked O
three O
and O
struck O
out O
three O
for O
the O
win O
. O

St B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
defeated O
Colorado B-ORG
for O
just O
the O
second O
time O
in O
12 O
meetings O
dating O
back O
to O
last O
season O
. O

Ray B-PER
Lankford I-PER
went O
4-for-5 O
with O
a O
pair O
of O
doubles O
for O
the O
Cardinals B-ORG
, O
who O
won O
for O
just O
the O
third O
time O
in O
11 O
games O
. O

Eric B-PER
Anthony I-PER
hit O
a O
pair O
of O
solo O
homers O
for O
the O
Rockies B-ORG
. O

In O
Pittsburgh B-LOC
, O
Sean B-PER
Berry I-PER
tied O
a O
career O
high O
with O
six O
RBI B-MISC
and O
Donne B-PER
Wall I-PER
fired O
a O
seven-hitter O
for O
his O
first O
major-league O
shutout O
as O
the O
Houston B-ORG
Astros I-ORG
routed O
the O
Pirates B-ORG
10-0 O
. O

It O
was O
the O
third O
time O
Berry B-PER
had O
six O
RBI B-MISC
in O
one O
game O
. O

Wall B-PER
( O
9-4 O
) O
struck O
out O
four O
and O
walked O
none O
to O
post O
his O
second O
complete O
game O
of O
the O
season O
and O
third O
straight O
win O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
EDBERG B-PER
REFUSES O
TO O
QO O
QUIETLY O
. O

Richard B-PER
Finn I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Refusing O
to O
go O
quietly O
in O
the O
night O
, O
Stefan B-PER
Edberg I-PER
extended O
his O
stay O
at O
his O
14th O
and O
last O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
when O
Bernd B-PER
Karbacher I-PER
, O
trailing O
and O
hurting O
, O
quit O
in O
the O
fourth O
set O
of O
their O
second-round O
match O
Friday O
. O

The O
30-year-old O
Edberg B-PER
, O
a O
former O
two-time O
Open B-MISC
champion O
, O
had O
wrestled O
control O
of O
the O
match O
away O
from O
Karbacher B-PER
when O
the O
German B-MISC
, O
hampered O
by O
a O
left O
hamstring O
injury O
, O
decided O
he O
could O
n't O
continue O
under O
the O
stadium O
lights O
at O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
. O

" O
A O
win O
is O
a O
win O
. O

I O
'll O
take O
it O
, O
" O
Edberg B-PER
, O
who O
has O
announced O
that O
this O
will O
be O
his O
last O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
event O
, O
said O
of O
the O
3-6 O
6-3 O
6-3 O
1-0 O
victory O
. O

Ironically O
, O
Karbacher B-PER
two O
years O
ago O
ended O
Ivan B-PER
Lendl I-PER
's O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
career O
here O
when O
the O
former O
champion O
had O
to O
retire O
in O
the O
middle O
of O
their O
first-round O
match O
. O

After O
seeing O
the O
trainer O
come O
out O
early O
in O
the O
third O
set O
, O
Edberg B-PER
was O
not O
surprised O
by O
Karbacher B-PER
's O
decision O
not O
to O
go O
on O
. O

" O
I O
knew O
he O
had O
problems O
with O
something O
, O
" O
Edberg B-PER
said O
. O
" O

I O
really O
was O
n't O
surprised O
. O
" O

Edberg B-PER
had O
his O
own O
problems O
early O
in O
the O
match O
as O
the O
Swede B-MISC
battled O
to O
acclimate O
himself O
to O
the O
nighttime O
conditions O
while O
Karbacher B-PER
was O
ripping O
passing O
shots O
and O
blasting O
serves O
past O
him O
. O

" O
I O
did O
n't O
really O
feel O
good O
to O
begin O
with O
, O
I O
had O
problems O
finding O
the O
timing O
on O
the O
ball O
, O
seeing O
the O
ball O
, O
" O
said O
Edberg B-PER
, O
who O
upset O
Wimbledon B-MISC
champion O
and O
fifth-seeded O
Richard B-PER
Krajicek I-PER
in O
the O
first O
round O
. O

" O
This O
was O
one O
of O
these O
matches O
where O
I O
did O
n't O
play O
up O
to O
my O
standard O
. O

I O
had O
to O
fight O
hard O
. O
" O

Edberg B-PER
's O
tenacity O
paid O
off O
in O
the O
second O
set O
. O

Edberg B-PER
lost O
his O
own O
serve O
twice O
, O
but O
he O
rallied O
for O
three O
breaks O
of O
his O
own O
, O
the O
last O
to O
wrap O
up O
the O
set O
. O

" O
That O
's O
where O
the O
match O
sort O
of O
changed O
, O
" O
said O
Edberg B-PER
. O
" O

I O
think O
once O
I O
got O
that O
second O
set O
, O
I O
felt O
a O
lot O
better O
about O
my O
game O
. O
" O

Edberg B-PER
is O
starting O
to O
feel O
pretty O
good O
about O
postponing O
his O
swan O
song O
a O
lot O
longer O
. O

" O
It O
does O
n't O
look O
all O
that O
bad O
, O
" O
Edberg B-PER
said O
of O
his O
path O
through O
the O
draw O
starting O
next O
with O
a O
match O
against O
Krajicek B-PER
's O
Dutch B-MISC
countryman O
Paul B-PER
Haarhuis I-PER
. O

However O
, O
the O
1991 O
and O
1992 O
champion O
is O
not O
ready O
to O
start O
making O
plans O
to O
be O
in O
next O
week O
's O
final O
. O

" O
I O
'm O
always O
being O
realistic O
, O
" O
said O
Edberg B-PER
. O
" O

Like O
I O
said O
many O
times O
, O
I O
think O
it O
's O
a O
very O
little O
chance O
, O
but O
nothing O
is O
impossible O
. O

If O
I O
play O
great O
tennis O
, O
that O
could O
take O
me O
a O
long O
way O
. O

" O
A O
lot O
of O
things O
can O
happen O
, O
like O
tonight O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

BOXING O
- O
PRINCE O
NASEEM B-PER
RETAINS O
WBO O
FEATHERWEIGHT O
TITLE O
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Britain B-LOC
's O
Naseem B-PER
Hamed I-PER
retained O
his O
WBO B-ORG
featherweight O
title O
on O
Saturday O
when O
Mexico B-LOC
's O
Manuel B-PER
Medina I-PER
was O
retired O
by O
his O
corner O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
11th O
round O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
AUSTRIA B-LOC
DOMINATE O
SCOTLAND B-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

Steve B-PER
Pagani I-PER

VIENNA B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Austria B-LOC
dominated O
their O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
group O
four O
qualifier O
against O
Scotland B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
with O
wave O
after O
wave O
of O
attacks O
but O
were O
unable O
to O
penetrate O
the O
visitors O
' O
defence O
and O
had O
to O
settle O
for O
a O
goalless O
draw O
. O

Scotland B-LOC
, O
who O
thrashed O
Belarus B-LOC
5-1 O
in O
their O
opening O
group O
four O
match O
, O
were O
unable O
to O
repeat O
their O
performance O
. O

Austria B-LOC
's O
best O
chance O
came O
in O
the O
63rd O
minute O
with O
Stephan B-PER
Marasek I-PER
of O
SC B-ORG
Freiburg I-ORG
taking O
advantage O
of O
a O
scramble O
in O
the O
Scottish B-MISC
penalty O
area O
but O
his O
shot O
narrowly O
passing O
the O
left-hand O
post O
. O

They O
also O
went O
close O
a O
minute O
before O
the O
interval O
when O
a O
promising O
attack O
saw O
the O
ball O
fall O
to O
Markus B-PER
Schopp I-PER
but O
he O
hit O
his O
shot O
wide O
. O

Everton B-ORG
's O
Duncan B-PER
Ferguson I-PER
went O
close O
for O
Scotland B-LOC
in O
the O
65th O
minute O
when O
he O
forced O
Austrian B-MISC
goalkeeper O
Michael B-PER
Konsel I-PER
to O
a O
diving O
save O
. O

Two O
Scotland B-LOC
players O
were O
shown O
yellow O
cards O
, O
captain O
Gary B-PER
McAllister I-PER
for O
bringing O
down O
Andreas B-PER
Heraf I-PER
and O
Ferguson B-PER
for O
arguing O
against O
the O
referee O
's O
decision O
. O

" O
The O
result O
is O
acceptable O
, O
" O
Scottish B-MISC
coach O
Craig B-PER
Brown I-PER
told O
reporters O
. O
" O

We O
'd O
hoped O
not O
to O
lose O
and O
we O
tried O
not O
to O
play O
for O
a O
draw O
but O
the O
Austrian B-MISC
defence O
was O
simply O
too O
good O
. O
" O

SK B-ORG
Rapid I-ORG
's O
Dietmar B-PER
Kuehbauer I-PER
, O
who O
gave O
an O
impressive O
performance O
, O
said O
the O
team O
started O
off O
well O
but O
let O
the O
game O
slip O
after O
the O
first O
30 O
minutes O
. O

" O
Somehow O
it O
seemed O
there O
were O
less O
than O
11 O
players O
on O
the O
pitch O
. O

We O
have O
lost O
two O
points O
. O

The O
Scots O
are O
not O
really O
a O
great O
team O
and O
we O
should O
have O
won O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Austrian B-MISC
coach O
Herbert B-PER
Prohaska I-PER
said O
his O
team O
had O
displayed O
great O
fighting O
spirit O
but O
sometimes O
lacked O
ideas O
. O

Teams O
: O

Austria B-LOC
: O
Michael B-PER
Konsel I-PER
, O
Markus B-PER
Schopp I-PER
, O
Peter B-PER
Schoettel I-PER
, O
Anton B-PER
Pfeffer I-PER
, O
Wolfgang B-PER
Feiersinger I-PER
, O
Stephan B-PER
Marasek I-PER
, O
Dieter B-PER
Ramusch I-PER
( O
Andreas B-PER
Ogris I-PER
77th O
) O
, O
Dietmar B-PER
Kuehbauer I-PER
, O
Anton B-PER
Polster I-PER
( O
( O
Herfried B-PER
Sabitzer I-PER
68th O
) O
, O
Andreas B-PER
Herzog I-PER
, O
Andreas B-PER
Heraf I-PER
. O

Scotland B-LOC
: O
Andrew B-PER
Goram I-PER
, O
Craig B-PER
Burley I-PER
, O
Thomas B-PER
Boyd I-PER
, O
Colin B-PER
Calderwood I-PER
, O
Colin B-PER
Hendry I-PER
, O
Thomas B-PER
McKinley I-PER
, O
Duncan B-PER
Ferguson I-PER
, O
Stuart B-PER
McCall I-PER
, O
Alistair B-PER
McCoist I-PER
( O
Gordon B-PER
Durie I-PER
75th O
) O
, O
Gary B-PER
McAllister I-PER
, O
John B-PER
Collins I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BOXING O
- O
JOHNSON B-PER
WINS O
UNANIMOUS O
POIUNTS O
VERDICT O
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

American B-MISC
Tom B-PER
Johnson I-PER
successfully O
defended O
his O
IBF B-ORG
featherweight O
title O
when O
he O
earned O
a O
unanimous O
points O
decision O
over O
Venezuela B-LOC
's O
Ramon B-PER
Guzman I-PER
on O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRANCE B-LOC
LAUNCH O
1998 O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
BUILD-UP O
WITH O
2-0 O
WIN O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Euro B-MISC
96 I-MISC
absentee O
Nicolas B-PER
Ouedec I-PER
and O
Youri B-PER
Djorkaeff I-PER
scored O
the O
goals O
as O
1998 O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
hosts O
France B-LOC
beat O
Mexico B-LOC
2-0 O
in O
a O
friendly O
international O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
victory O
extended O
to O
29 O
matches O
France B-LOC
's O
unbeaten O
run O
under O
coach O
Aime B-PER
Jacquet I-PER
, O
their O
Euro B-MISC
96 I-MISC
semifinal O
elimination O
having O
come O
in O
a O
penalty O
shoot-out O
, O
but O
was O
marred O
by O
the O
sending-off O
of O
Chelsea B-ORG
central O
defender O
Franck B-PER
Leboeuf I-PER
. O

Leboeuf B-PER
was O
dismissed O
two O
minutes O
from O
time O
for O
a O
second O
bookable O
offence O
, O
fouling O
Mexican B-MISC
substitute O
Ricardo B-PER
Pelaez I-PER
who O
minutes O
earlier O
had O
also O
been O
shown O
the O
yellow O
card O
for O
pushing O
the O
Chelsea B-ORG
defender O
in O
the O
back O
. O

Both O
goals O
came O
early O
in O
the O
second O
half O
after O
France B-LOC
had O
surprised O
the O
Mexicans B-MISC
with O
three O
half-time O
substitutions O
. O

After O
a O
sterile O
first O
half O
, O
France B-LOC
injected O
more O
sting O
in O
midfield O
with O
the O
introduction O
of O
Juventus B-ORG
's O
Zinedine B-PER
Zidane I-PER
. O

This O
allowed O
Djorkaeff B-PER
to O
play O
further O
up O
and O
his O
cross O
from O
the O
right O
fell O
for O
Ouedec B-PER
, O
who O
has O
joined O
Espanyol B-ORG
of O
Barcelona B-LOC
from O
Nantes B-ORG
since O
missing O
the O
European B-MISC
championship O
finals O
through O
injury O
, O
to O
score O
after O
a O
mistake O
by O
midfielder O
Joaquin B-PER
del I-PER
Olmo I-PER
. O

Within O
four O
minutes O
Ouedec B-PER
was O
returning O
the O
compliment O
for O
Djorkaeff B-PER
, O
playing O
a O
one-two O
with O
the O
Internazionale B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
forward O
down O
the O
middle O
to O
set O
him O
up O
for O
a O
cross O
shot O
past O
diving O
goalkeeper O
Osvaldo B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
. O

Jacquet B-PER
, O
beginning O
the O
22-month O
countdown O
to O
France B-LOC
's O
hosting O
of O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
finals O
, O
said O
: O
" O
We O
have O
an O
identity O
( O
as O
a O
team O
) O
which O
we O
are O
going O
to O
work O
on O
. O
" O

Teams O
: O

France B-LOC
- O
1 O
- O
Bernard B-PER
Lama I-PER
; O
2 O
- O
Lilian B-PER
Thuram I-PER
( O
14 O
- O
Sabri B-PER
Lamouchi I-PER
87th O
) O
, O
5 O
- O
Laurent B-PER
Blanc I-PER
, O
8 O
- O
Marcel B-PER
Desailly I-PER
( O
12 O
- O
Franck B-PER
Leboeuf I-PER
46th O
) O
, O
3 O
- O
Bixente B-PER
Lizarazu I-PER
; O
4 O
- O
Christian B-PER
Karembeu I-PER
, O
7 O
- O
Didier B-PER
Deschamps I-PER
, O
10 O
- O
Youri B-PER
Djorkaeff I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Reynald B-PER
Pedros I-PER
( O
13 O
- O
Robert B-PER
Pires I-PER
46th O
) O
; O
9 O
- O
Nicolas B-PER
Ouedec I-PER
( O
17 O
- O
Florian B-PER
Maurice I-PER
64th O
) O
, O
11 O
- O
Patrice B-PER
Loko I-PER
( O
15 O
- O
Zinedine B-PER
Zidane I-PER
46th O
) O

Mexico B-LOC
- O
1 O
- O
Osvaldo B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
( O
12 O
- O
Alfonso B-PER
Rios I-PER
78th O
) O
; O
13 O
- O
Pavel B-PER
Pardo I-PER
, O
2 O
- O
Claudio B-PER
Suarez I-PER
, O
5 O
- O
Duilio B-PER
Davino I-PER
( O
Becerril B-PER
46th O
) O
, O
4 O
- O
German B-PER
Villa I-PER
( O
16 O
- O
Gomez B-PER
86th O
) O
; O
14 O
- O
Joaquin B-PER
del I-PER
Olmo I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Raul B-PER
Rodrigo I-PER
Lara I-PER
( O
11 O
- O
Cuauhtemoc B-PER
Blanco I-PER
65th O
) O
, O
8 O
- O
Alberto B-PER
Garcia I-PER
Aspe I-PER
, O
7 O
- O
Ramon B-PER
Ramirez I-PER
( O
15 O
- O
Jesus B-PER
Arellano I-PER
71st O
) O
; O
18 O
- O
Enrique B-PER
Alfaro I-PER
( O
17 O
- O
Francisco B-PER
Palencia I-PER
78th O
) O
, O
10 O
- O
Luis B-PER
Garcia I-PER
( O
19 O
- O
Ricardo B-PER
Pelaez I-PER
69th O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRANCE B-LOC
BEAT O
MEXICO B-LOC
2-0 O
IN O
FRIENDLY O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

France B-LOC
beat O
Mexico B-LOC
2-0 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O
in O
a O
friendly O
soccer O
international O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O
Nicolas B-PER
Ouedec I-PER
( O
49th O
minute O
) O
, O
Youri B-PER
Djorkaeff I-PER
( O
53rd O
) O

Attendance O
: O
18,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BELGIUM B-LOC
SCRAPE O
PAST O
TURKEY B-LOC
DESPITE O
CROWD O
TROUBLE O
. O

Bert B-PER
Lauwers I-PER

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Belgium B-LOC
kicked O
off O
their O
1998 B-MISC
World I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
campaign O
with O
a O
hard-fought O
2-1 O
victory O
over O
10-man O
Turkey B-LOC
in O
a O
tense O
match O
marred O
by O
Turkish B-MISC
crowd O
trouble O
shortly O
after O
the O
break O
. O

Turkish B-MISC
fans O
, O
upset O
at O
their O
team O
's O
2-0 O
first-half O
deficit O
, O
ripped O
apart O
dozens O
of O
plastic O
seats O
and O
threw O
them O
over O
the O
fence O
. O

Riot O
police O
took O
10 O
minutes O
to O
restore O
order O
. O

The O
police O
were O
given O
an O
unexpected O
hand O
by O
second-half O
substitute O
Sergen B-PER
Yalcin I-PER
who O
rekindled O
Turkish B-MISC
hopes O
in O
the O
61st O
with O
a O
splendid O
half-volley O
which O
stunned O
Belgian B-MISC
goalkeeper O
Filip B-PER
De I-PER
Wilde I-PER
. O

But O
Yalcin B-PER
, O
who O
had O
come O
on O
just O
four O
minutes O
earlier O
, O
turned O
from O
hero O
to O
villain O
barely O
two O
minutes O
after O
his O
strike O
when O
he O
was O
sent O
off O
after O
spitting O
at O
an O
opponent O
and O
arguing O
with O
English B-MISC
referee O
David B-PER
Elleray I-PER
. O

Marc B-PER
Degryse I-PER
had O
opened O
the O
scoring O
for O
Belgium B-LOC
after O
13 O
minutes O
, O
whacking O
a O
low O
10-metre O
drive O
into O
the O
net O
after O
an O
incisive O
pass O
by O
defender O
Dirk B-PER
Medved I-PER
from O
the O
edge O
of O
the O
penalty O
area O
. O

Brazilian-born O
Luis B-PER
Oliveira I-PER
then O
gleefully O
slipped O
the O
ball O
past O
goalkeeper O
Rustu B-PER
Recber I-PER
from O
the O
right O
of O
the O
area O
to O
make O
it O
2-0 O
seven O
minutes O
before O
the O
interval O
, O
Turkey B-LOC
's O
best O
first-half O
effort O
proving O
to O
be O
a O
vicious O
30-metre O
shot O
by O
Ogun B-PER
Temizkanoglu I-PER
which O
De B-PER
Wilde I-PER
tipped O
over O
. O

The O
visitors O
, O
seeking O
to O
restore O
some O
pride O
after O
failing O
to O
score O
a O
single O
goal O
in O
Euro B-MISC
96 I-MISC
in O
June O
, O
repeatedly O
ripped O
through O
the O
left O
side O
of O
the O
home O
defence O
but O
De B-PER
Wilde I-PER
was O
able O
to O
block O
several O
sharply-angled O
efforts O
. O

With O
only O
the O
group O
seven O
winners O
qualifying O
automatically O
for O
the O
1998 O
finals O
in O
France B-LOC
, O
Belgium B-LOC
could O
not O
afford O
a O
slip-up O
at O
home O
and O
they O
frantically O
chased O
a O
decisive O
third O
goal O
. O

But O
they O
were O
almost O
upset O
12 O
minutes O
from O
time O
when O
De B-PER
Wilde I-PER
fumbled O
a O
hard O
Arif B-PER
Erdem I-PER
shot O
and O
Orhan B-PER
Cikirikci I-PER
almost O
pounced O
on O
the O
loose O
ball O
. O

Belgium B-LOC
's O
best O
second-half O
effort O
came O
three O
minutes O
later O
when O
Degryse B-PER
put O
the O
ball O
over O
the O
bar O
from O
close O
range O
with O
Recber B-PER
beaten O
. O

Teams O
: O

Belgium B-LOC
- O
1 O
- O
Filip B-PER
De I-PER
Wilde I-PER
, O
2 O
- O
Bertrand B-PER
Crasson I-PER
, O
3 O
- O
Dirk B-PER
Medved I-PER
, O
4 O
- O
Pascal B-PER
Renier I-PER
, O
16 O
- O
Geoffrey B-PER
Claeys I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Gunther B-PER
Schepens I-PER
( O
15 O
- O
Nico B-PER
Van I-PER
Kerckhoven I-PER
, O
81st O
) O
, O
10 O
- O
Enzo B-PER
Scifo I-PER
, O
7 O
- O
Gert B-PER
Verheyen I-PER
( O
14 O
- O
Frederic B-PER
Peiremans I-PER
, O
62nd O
) O
, O
9 O
- O
Marc B-PER
Degryse I-PER
, O
8 O
- O
Luc B-PER
Nilis I-PER
, O
11- O
Luis B-PER
Oliveira I-PER
( O
18 O
- O
Gilles B-PER
De I-PER
Bilde I-PER
, O
88th O
) O
. O

Turkey B-LOC
- O
1 O
- O
Rustu B-PER
Recber I-PER
, O
4 O
- O
Hakan B-PER
Unsal I-PER
( O
14 O
- O
Sergen B-PER
Yalcin I-PER
, O
57th O
) O
, O
2 O
- O
Recep B-PER
Cetin I-PER
, O
3 O
- O
Ogun B-PER
Temizkanoglu I-PER
, O
5 O
- O
Alpay B-PER
Ozalan I-PER
, O
7- O
Abdullah B-PER
Ercan I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Tolunay B-PER
Kafkas I-PER
, O
10 O
- O
Oguz B-PER
Cetin I-PER
( O
13 O
- O
Arif B-PER
Erdem I-PER
, O
57th O
) O
, O
11 O
- O
Tayfun B-PER
Korkut I-PER
, O
9 O
- O
Hakan B-PER
Sukur I-PER
, O
8 O
- O
Saffet B-PER
Sancakli I-PER
( O
17- O
Orhan B-PER
Cikirikci I-PER
, O
76th O
) O
. O

Belgian B-MISC
coach O
Wilfried B-PER
Van I-PER
Moer I-PER
said O
he O
had O
not O
expected O
Turkey B-LOC
to O
be O
so O
strong O
and O
fast O
. O

" O
We O
started O
panicking O
a O
bit O
after O
the O
Turkish B-MISC
goal O
... O

we O
suffered O
, O
" O
said O
Van B-PER
Moer I-PER
, O
who O
succeeded O
Paul B-PER
Van I-PER
Himst I-PER
as O
coach O
in O
April O
. O

It O
was O
Belgium B-LOC
's O
first O
victory O
under O
Van B-PER
Moer I-PER
after O
two O
draws O
in O
friendlies O
against O
Russia B-LOC
and O
Italy B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SUMMARY O
IN O
THE O
SPANISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Summary O
of O
game O
played O
in O
the O
Spanish B-MISC
first O
division B-MISC
on O
Saturday O
: O
Deportivo B-ORG
Coruna I-ORG
1 O
( O
Corentine B-PER
Martins I-PER
, O
22nd O
minute O
) O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
1 O
( O
Roberto B-PER
Carlos I-PER
79th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-0 O
. O

Attendancce O
35,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
RESULT O
IN O
SPANISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Result O
of O
game O
played O
in O
the O

Spanish B-MISC
first O
division B-MISC
on O
Saturday O
: O

Deportivo B-ORG
Coruna I-ORG
1 O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BELGIUM B-LOC
BEAT O
TURKEY B-LOC
2-1 O
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Belgium B-LOC
beat O
Turkey B-LOC
2-1 O

( O
halftime O
2-0 O
) O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
group O
seven O
soccer O
qualifier O
on O

Saturday O
: O

Scorers O
: O

Belgium B-LOC
- O
Marc B-PER
Degryse I-PER
( O
13th O
) O
, O
Luis B-PER
Oliveira I-PER
( O
38th O
) O

Turkey B-LOC
- O
Sergen B-PER
Yalcin I-PER
( O
61st O
) O

Attendance O
: O
30,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
AUSTRIA B-LOC
DRAW O
0-0 O
WITH O
SCOTLAND B-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

VIENNA B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Austria B-LOC
and O
Scotland B-LOC
drew O
0-0 O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
soccer O
European B-MISC
group O
four O
qualifier O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Attendance O
: O
29,500 O

-DOCSTART- O

BOXING O
- O
KNOCK-OUT O
SPECIALIST O
MILLER B-PER
DEFENDS O
TITLE O
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

A O
powerful O
right O
hook O
followed O
by O
a O
straight O
left O
gave O
defending O
champion O
Nate B-PER
Miller I-PER
a O
seventh O
round O
knock-out O
win O
over O
fellow O
American B-MISC
James B-PER
Heath I-PER
in O
their O
WBA B-ORG
cruiserweight O
title O
bout O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Miller B-PER
, O
who O
went O
into O
the O
contest O
with O
a O
record O
of O
24 O
knock-out O
wins O
in O
32 O
fights O
, O
took O
charge O
from O
the O
opening O
bell O
and O
had O
his O
opponent O
on O
the O
canvas O
inside O
90 O
seconds O
when O
he O
landed O
a O
deft O
left-hook O
to O
the O
head O
. O

Heath B-PER
did O
score O
with O
two O
brusing O
lefts O
to O
Miller B-PER
's O
head O
in O
the O
third O
round O
but O
failed O
to O
put O
his O
opponent O
under O
any O
real O
pressure O
. O

Miller B-PER
raised O
the O
pace O
of O
the O
contest O
at O
the O
start O
of O
the O
fifth O
round O
and O
, O
once O
he O
started O
to O
get O
his O
right-left O
combinations O
working O
for O
him O
, O
the O
fight O
was O
never O
likely O
to O
go O
the O
distance O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
DRAW O
2-2 O
WITH O
BRAZIL B-LOC
IN O
FRIENDLY O
INTERNATIONAL O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

The B-LOC
Netherlands I-LOC
drew O
2-2 O
with O

Brazil B-LOC
( O
half-time O
0-1 O
) O
in O
a O
soccer O
friendly O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Netherlands B-LOC
- O
Ronald B-PER
de I-PER
Boer I-PER
( O
52nd O
minute O
) O
, O
Van B-PER
Gastel I-PER

( O
90th O
, O
pen O
) O

Brazil B-LOC
- O
Giovanni B-PER
( O
14th O
) O
, O
Marcello B-PER
Goncalves I-PER
( O
55th O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

BOXING O
- O
MILLER B-PER
DEFENDS O
WBA B-ORG
CRUISERWEIGHT O
TITLE O
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

American B-MISC
Nate B-PER
Miller I-PER
successfully O
defended O
his O
WBA B-ORG
cruiserweight O
title O
when O
he O
knocked O
out O
compatriot O
James B-PER
Heath I-PER
in O
the O
seventh O
round O
of O
their O
bout O
on O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

HORSE O
RACING O
- O
TATTERSALLS B-MISC
BREEDERS I-MISC
STAKES O
RESULT O
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Result O
of O
the O
Tattersalls B-MISC
Breeders I-MISC

Stakes B-MISC
, O
a O
race O
for O
two-year-olds O
run O
over O
six O
furlongs O
( O
1,200 O

metres O
) O
at O
The B-LOC
Curragh I-LOC
on O
Saturday O
: O

1. O
Miss B-PER
Stamper I-PER
3-1 O
joint-favourite O
( O
ridden O
by O
David B-PER
Harrison I-PER
) O

2. O
Paddy B-PER
Lad I-PER
16-1 O
( O
Peter B-PER
Bloomfield I-PER
) O

3. O
Pelham B-PER
10-1 O
( O
Warren B-PER
O'Connor I-PER
) O

Distances O
: O
Three O
lengths O
, O
two-and-a-half O
lengths O
. O

Winner O
owned O
by O
John B-PER
and O
Beryll B-PER
Remblance I-PER
and O
trained O
in O

Britain B-LOC
by O
Richard B-PER
Hannon I-PER
. O

Value O
to O
the O
winning O
owner O
: O
$ O
233,600 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
KLINSMANN B-PER
TO O
RETIRE O
AFTER O
1998 B-MISC
WORLD I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

German B-MISC
international O
striker O
Juergen B-PER
Klinsmann I-PER
has O
said O
he O
will O
retire O
after O
the O
1998 O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
in O
France B-LOC
. O

" O
For O
myself O
, O
personally O
, O
I O
've O
planned O
things O
so O
that O
that O
will O
be O
the O
end O
of O
me O
, O
" O
the O
32-year-old O
national O
team O
captain O
was O
quoted O
as O
saying O
by O
the O
daily O
Sueddeutsche B-ORG
Zeitung I-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

Klinsmann B-PER
said O
he O
believed O
Germany B-LOC
could O
win O
in O
France B-LOC
with O
the O
same O
nucleus O
of O
players O
which O
won O
the O
European B-MISC
championship O
in O
England B-LOC
this O
summer O
. O

" O
I O
think O
it O
can O
be O
done O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
" O
especially O
as O
experience O
is O
becoming O
more O
and O
more O
valuable O
in O
sport O
. O

I O
think O
we O
can O
do O
it O
with O
the O
same O
body O
of O
players O
. O

That O
's O
what O
we O
're O
all O
aiming O
for O
. O
" O

Coach O
Berti B-PER
Vogts I-PER
has O
called O
up O
a O
virtually O
identical O
squad O
for O
next O
week O
's O
friendly O
against O
Poland B-LOC
-- O
Germany B-LOC
's O
first O
match O
since O
Euro B-MISC
96 I-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
SECOND O
ROUND O
RESULTS O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
of O
German B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
second O
round O

matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
2 O
Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
0 O

Borussia B-ORG
Neunkirchen I-ORG
1 O
St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
3 O

Duisburg B-ORG
1 O
Luebeck B-ORG
0 O
( O
after O
extra O
time O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ROMANIA B-LOC
BEAT O
LITHUANIA B-LOC
IN O
U-21 O
QUALIFIER O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Romania B-LOC
beat O
2-1 O
( O
halftime O
1-1 O
) O
Lithuania B-LOC
in O
their O
European B-MISC
Under-21 O
soccer O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Romania B-LOC
- O
Cosmin B-PER
Contra I-PER
( O
31st O
) O
, O
Mihai B-PER
Tararache I-PER
( O
75th O
) O

Lithuania B-LOC
- O
Danius B-PER
Gleveckas I-PER
( O
13rd O
) O

Attendence O
: O
200 O

-DOCSTART- O

Paper O
says O
Thatcher B-PER
's O
office O
consulted O
astrologer O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-09-01 O

A O
British B-MISC
newspaper O
said O
Margaret B-PER
Thatcher I-PER
was O
so O
shaken O
by O
an O
IRA B-ORG
attempt O
on O
her O
life O
when O
she O
was O
prime O
minister O
in O
1984 O
that O
an O
astrologer O
was O
asked O
to O
warn O
her O
against O
future O
threats O
. O

The B-ORG
Sunday I-ORG
Telegraph I-ORG
quoted O
Majorie B-PER
Orr I-PER
as O
saying O
she O
did O
a O
horoscope O
chart O
for O
Thatcher B-PER
, O
a O
Libran B-MISC
, O
after O
she O
narrowly O
escaped O
death O
in O
the O
Irish B-MISC
guerrilla O
bombing O
of O
a O
hotel O
during O
the O
Conservative B-ORG
Party I-ORG
conference O
more O
than O
a O
decade O
ago O
. O

Orr B-PER
said O
Thatcher B-PER
's O
press O
secretary O
Bernard B-PER
Ingram I-PER
asked O
her O
to O
telephone O
if O
she O
saw O
any O
threatening O
indications O
in O
the O
future O
. O

" O
Bernard B-PER
Ingham I-PER
told O
me O
that O
if O
I O
ever O
heard O
anything O
that O
indicated O
danger O
I O
was O
to O
let O
him O
know O
, O
" O
Orr B-PER
said O
. O

Orr B-PER
said O
she O
never O
had O
to O
telephone O
. O

She O
added O
that O
the O
horoscope O
was O
purely O
for O
security O
purposes O
and O
she O
was O
never O
consulted O
about O
political O
moves O
. O

Ingram B-PER
was O
quoted O
as O
telling O
the O
newspaper O
he O
thought O
astrology O
was O
" O
a O
load O
of O
rubbish O
" O
and O
that O
he O
could O
not O
recall O
asking O
Orr B-PER
to O
keep O
a O
watch O
on O
Thatcher B-PER
's O
stars O
. O

Thatcher B-PER
, O
dubbed O
the O
" O
Iron B-PER
Lady I-PER
" O
for O
her O
driven O
, O
forceful O
personality O
, O
was O
never O
known O
to O
have O
an O
interest O
in O
the O
occult O
and O
in O
fact O
has O
a O
university O
degree O
in O
chemistry O
. O

Former O
U.S. B-LOC
president O
Ronald B-PER
Reagan I-PER
's O
wife O
, O
Nancy B-PER
, O
admitted O
in O
her O
biography O
My B-MISC
Turn I-MISC
that O
she O
regularly O
consulted O
an O
astrologer O
to O
help O
her O
plan O
her O
husband O
's O
schedule O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Reuters B-ORG
historical O
calendar O
- O
September O
7 O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Following O
are O
some O
of O
the O
major O
events O
to O
have O
occurred O
on O
September O
7 O
in O
history O
. O

1533 O
- O
Queen O
Elizabeth B-PER
I I-PER
born O
. O

Daughter O
of O
Henry B-PER
VIII I-PER
and O
his O
second O
wife O
Anne B-PER
Boleyn I-PER
, O
she O
was O
queen O
of O
England B-LOC
1558-1603 O
. O

One O
of O
the O
great O
monarchs O
who O
presided O
over O
a O
period O
of O
English B-MISC
assertion O
in O
Europe B-LOC
in O
politics O
and O
the O
arts O
. O

1706 O
- O
French B-MISC
troops O
under O
Duke O
of O
Orleans B-LOC
besieging O
Turin B-LOC
were O
defeated O
by O
the O
Austrians B-MISC
under O
Prince O
Eugene B-ORG
, O
the O
French B-MISC
army O
was O
destroyed O
and O
they O
ceased O
trying O
to O
capture O
northern O
Italy B-LOC
. O

1714 O
- O
The O
Treaty B-MISC
of I-MISC
Baden I-MISC
was O
signed O
between O
the O
Holy O
Roman B-MISC
Emperor O
Charles B-PER
VI I-PER
and O
France B-LOC
, O
ending O
War B-MISC
of I-MISC
Spanish I-MISC
Succession I-MISC
. O

Charles B-PER
ceded O
Alsace B-LOC
and O
Strasbourg B-LOC
to O
France B-LOC
and O
got O
back O
Breisach B-LOC
, O
Kehl B-LOC
and O
Freiburg B-LOC
. O

1812 O
- O
Russian B-MISC
army O
under O
General O
Kutuzov B-PER
was O
defeated O
at O
heavy O
cost O
by O
Napoleon B-PER
at O
the O
battle O
of O
Borodino B-LOC
70 O
miles O
west O
of O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

Napoleon B-PER
entered O
Moscow B-LOC
a O
week O
later O
. O

1822 O
- O
Brazil B-LOC
proclaimed O
independence O
from O
Portugal B-LOC
and O
Pedro B-PER
I I-PER
became O
first O
Emperor O
of O
Brazil B-LOC
in O
December O
1822 O
. O

1836 O
- O
Scottish B-MISC
politician O
Sir O
Henry B-PER
Campbell-Bannerman I-PER
born O
. O

As O
Liberal B-MISC
prime O
minister O
1905-1908 O
he O
granted O
self-government O
to O
the O
Transvaal B-LOC
. O

He O
also O
got O
the O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Lords I-ORG
to O
pass O
his O
Trades B-MISC
Disputes I-MISC
Act I-MISC
which O
gave O
labour O
unions O
more O
freedom O
to O
strike O
. O

1860 O
- O
Giuseppe B-PER
Garibaldi I-PER
leading O
his O
" O
Red B-MISC
Shirts I-MISC
" O
seized O
Naples B-LOC
in O
the O
Italian B-MISC
war O
of O
liberation O
against O
the O
Austrians B-MISC
. O

1901 O
- O
In O
China B-LOC
, O
the O
Boxer B-MISC
Rising I-MISC
which O
attempted O
to O
drive O
out O
all O
foreigners O
officially O
ended O
with O
the O
signing O
of O
the O
Peking B-MISC
Protocol I-MISC
. O

This O
imposed O
an O
indemnity O
to O
be O
paid O
to O
the O
great O
powers O
for O
Boxer B-MISC
crimes O
. O

1909 O
- O
Elia B-PER
Kazan I-PER
born O
as O
Elia B-PER
Kazanjoglus I-PER
. O

A O
U.S. B-LOC
stage O
and O
screen O
director O
, O
he O
is O
best O
known O
for O
" O
Viva B-MISC
Zapata I-MISC
" O
and O
" O
On B-MISC
the I-MISC
Waterfront I-MISC
" O
. O

1913 O
- O
Sir O
Anthony B-PER
Quayle I-PER
born O
. O

British B-MISC
actor O
of O
stage O
and O
screen O
in O
films O
from O
1948 O
. O

Best O
known O
for O
appearances O
in O
" O
Ice B-MISC
Cold I-MISC
in I-MISC
Alex I-MISC
" O
, O
" O
Lawrence B-MISC
of I-MISC
Arabia I-MISC
" O
and O
, O
as O
Cardinal O
Wolsey B-PER
, O
in O
" O
Anne B-MISC
of I-MISC
a I-MISC
Thousand I-MISC
Days I-MISC
" O
. O

1914 O
- O
James B-PER
Alfred I-PER
Van I-PER
Allen I-PER
born O
. O

U.S. B-LOC
physicist O
who O
discovered O
the O
two O
zones O
of O
radiation O
encircling O
the O
earth O
to O
which O
he O
gave O
his O
name O
. O

1930 O
- O
Belgian B-MISC
King O
Baudouin B-PER
I I-PER
born O
. O

He O
succeeded O
to O
the O
throne O
in O
1951 O
on O
the O
abdication O
of O
his O
father O
Leopold B-PER
III I-PER
. O

1940 O
- O
In O
World B-MISC
War I-MISC
Two I-MISC
the O
German B-MISC
airforce O
under O
Hermann B-PER
Goering I-PER
began O
its O
" O
Blitz B-MISC
" O
bombing O
campaign O
on O
London B-LOC
. O

Over O
300 O
people O
were O
killed O
on O
this O
day O
alone O
. O

1969 O
- O
Scottish B-MISC
motor O
racing O
driver O
Jackie B-PER
Stewart I-PER
won O
the O
Italian B-MISC
Grand I-MISC
Prix I-MISC
to O
secure O
his O
first O
world O
championship O
. O

Four O
years O
later O
, O
after O
winning O
his O
third O
world O
crown O
, O
he O
announced O
his O
retirement O
. O

1986 O
- O
Bishop O
Desmond B-PER
Tutu I-PER
was O
enthroned O
as O
Archbishop O
of O
Cape B-LOC
Town I-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
. O

He O
was O
the O
first O
black O
head O
of O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
Anglicans B-MISC
. O

1990 O
- O
The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
won O
Saudi B-MISC
and O
Kuwaiti B-MISC
pledges O
to O
help O
pay O
for O
forces O
in O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
. O

Iraq B-LOC
ordered O
many O
restaurants O
to O
close O
indefinitely O
to O
save O
food O
in O
face O
of O
a O
blockade O
. O

1990 O
- O
British B-MISC
historian O
Alan B-PER
John I-PER
Percivale I-PER
( I-PER
A.J.P. I-PER
) I-PER
Taylor I-PER
died O
. O

He O
won O
acclaim O
for O
the O
insights O
that O
he O
gave O
into O
the O
events O
which O
shaped O
modern O
Europe B-LOC
and O
was O
one O
of O
Europe B-LOC
's O
leading O
authorities O
on O
the O
great O
conflicts O
of O
the O
20th O
century O
. O

1993 O
- O
Six O
former O
Soviet B-MISC
republics O
, O
Russia B-LOC
, O
Belarus B-LOC
, O
Kazakhstan B-LOC
, O
Uzbekistan B-LOC
, O
Armenia B-LOC
and O
Tajikistan B-LOC
, O
signed O
framework O
agreement O
to O
keep O
the O
Russian B-MISC
rouble O
as O
their O
common O
currency O
. O

1994 O
- O
The O
Stars B-MISC
and I-MISC
Stripes I-MISC
flag O
was O
lowered O
for O
the O
last O
time O
over O
U.S. B-LOC
army O
headquarters O
in O
Berlin B-LOC
, O
formally O
ending O
the O
American B-MISC
presence O
in O
the O
once-divided O
city O
after O
nearly O
half O
a O
century O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Escaped O
British B-MISC
paedophile O
recaptured O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

A O
convicted O
British B-MISC
paedophile O
was O
arrested O
on O
Saturday O
, O
two O
days O
after O
escaping O
from O
custody O
during O
a O
supervised O
day O
trip O
to O
a O
zoo O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Trevor B-PER
Holland I-PER
, O
a O
52 O
year-old O
with O
who O
has O
been O
convicted O
twice O
of O
gross O
indecency O
with O
children O
, O
was O
captured O
after O
being O
spotted O
in O
Worthing B-LOC
, O
a O
town O
on O
England B-LOC
's O
southern O
coast O
. O

" O
A O
member O
of O
the O
public O
recognised O
Holland B-PER
in O
a O
newsagent O
shop O
as O
he O
was O
reading O
the O
headlines O
about O
himself O
, O
" O
a O
police O
spokesman O
said O
. O

Police O
launched O
a O
nationwide O
search O
on O
Thursday O
after O
he O
disappeared O
during O
an O
unsupervised O
trip O
to O
the O
toilet O
while O
visiting O
a O
popular O
zoo O
and O
theme O
park O
south O
of O
London B-LOC
. O

Holland B-PER
was O
moved O
to O
a O
more O
secure O
centre O
earlier O
this O
year O
after O
a O
similar O
incident O
. O

His O
escape O
at O
the O
zoo O
caused O
outrage O
in O
Britain B-LOC
. O

A O
child O
sex O
scandal O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
in O
which O
two O
eight-year-old O
girls O
were O
murdered O
and O
two O
other O
sexually O
abused O
girls O
were O
rescued O
has O
focused O
new O
attention O
on O
the O
problem O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Scottish B-ORG
Labour I-ORG
Party I-ORG
narrowly O
backs O
referendum O
. O

STIRLING B-LOC
, O
Scotland B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

British B-ORG
Labour I-ORG
Party I-ORG
leader O
Tony B-PER
Blair I-PER
won O
a O
narrow O
victory O
on O
Saturday O
when O
the O
party O
's O
Scottish B-MISC
executive O
voted O
21-18 O
in O
favour O
of O
his O
plans O
for O
a O
referendum O
on O
a O
separate O
parliament O
for O
Scotland B-LOC
. O

Blair B-PER
once O
pledged O
to O
set O
up O
a O
Scottish B-MISC
parliament O
if O
the O
Labour B-ORG
won O
the O
next O
general O
election O
, O
which O
must O
be O
held O
by O
May O
1997 O
. O

But O
many O
activists O
were O
dismayed O
when O
he O
abruptly O
decided O
earlier O
this O
year O
to O
hold O
a O
two-question O
referendum O
on O
the O
issue O
, O
asking O
Scots B-MISC
if O
they O
wanted O
a O
separate O
parliament O
and O
if O
it O
should O
have O
tax-raising O
powers O
. O

Many O
party O
members O
argued O
that O
a O
general O
election O
win O
would O
demonstrate O
popular O
support O
for O
a O
separate O
parliament O
and O
others O
said O
a O
single O
question O
referendum O
would O
suffice O
. O

Prime O
Minister O
John B-PER
Major I-PER
says O
the O
300-year-old O
union O
of O
the O
Scottish B-MISC
and O
English B-MISC
parliaments O
will O
be O
a O
main O
plank O
in O
his O
Conservative B-ORG
Party I-ORG
's O
election O
platform O
. O

Conservatives O
have O
only O
10 O
of O
the O
72 O
Scottish B-MISC
seats O
in O
parliament O
and O
consistently O
run O
third O
in O
opinion O
polls O
in O
Scotland B-LOC
behind O
Labour B-ORG
and O
the O
independence-seeking O
Scottish B-ORG
National I-ORG
Party I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Britain B-LOC
condemns O
Iraq B-LOC
involvement O
in O
Arbil B-LOC
attack O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Britain B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
condemned O
Iraqi B-MISC
involvement O
in O
an O
attack O
on O
the O
Kurdish B-MISC
city O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
and O
said O
it O
was O
in O
close O
touch O
with O
its O
allies O
. O

" O
We O
condemn O
Iraqi B-MISC
involvement O
. O

In O
no O
way O
can O
Iraqi B-MISC
involvement O
be O
seen O
as O
helpful O
, O
" O
said O
a O
Foreign B-ORG
Office I-ORG
spokesman O
. O

U.N. B-ORG
officials O
said O
that O
a O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebel O
faction O
backed O
up O
by O
Iraqi B-MISC
tanks O
, O
heavy O
artillery O
and O
helicopters O
had O
taken O
control O
of O
half O
of O
the O
city O
after O
heavy O
fighting O
. O

Arbil B-LOC
lies O
within O
the O
so-called O
safe O
haven O
set O
up O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
1991 O
Gulf B-MISC
War I-MISC
on O
the O
suggestion O
of O
British B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
John B-PER
Major I-PER
to O
protect O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurds I-MISC
from O
attack O
by O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
military O
. O

The O
area O
is O
patrolled O
by O
U.S. B-LOC
, O
French B-MISC
and O
British B-MISC
planes O
. O

" O
We O
are O
in O
close O
touch O
with O
all O
our O
allies O
, O
" O
said O
the O
Foreign B-ORG
Office I-ORG
spokesman O
. O

He O
declined O
to O
give O
any O
further O
information O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Seven O
Iraqis B-MISC
charged O
with O
hijack O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Seven O
Iraqi B-MISC
men O
appeared O
in O
court O
on O
Saturday O
charged O
with O
air O
piracy O
following O
the O
hijacking O
to O
Britain B-LOC
of O
a O
Sudanese B-MISC
airliner O
with O
199 O
people O
aboard O
. O

The O
seven O
, O
including O
a O
carpenter O
and O
a O
businessmen O
and O
whose O
ages O
ranged O
from O
25 O
to O
38 O
years O
old O
, O
were O
ordered O
to O
be O
held O
in O
jail O
until O
another O
hearing O
next O
week O
. O

No O
pleas O
were O
entered O
at O
the O
preliminary O
hearing O
. O

They O
were O
accused O
of O
taking O
over O
Flight B-MISC
150 I-MISC
which O
was O
flying O
from O
Khartoum B-LOC
, O
Sudan B-LOC
, O
to O
Amman B-LOC
, O
Jordan B-LOC
. O

All O
the O
hostages O
were O
freed O
on O
Tuesday O
after O
the O
plane O
landed O
at O
Stansted B-LOC
airport O
, O
north O
of O
London B-LOC
. O

The O
men O
have O
claimed O
political O
asylum O
in O
Britain B-LOC
saying O
they O
were O
persecuted O
while O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

Their O
court O
appearance O
means O
they O
will O
face O
trial O
and O
possible O
imprisonment O
in O
Britain B-LOC
before O
their O
applications O
for O
asylum O
are O
considered O
. O

Under O
English B-MISC
law O
the O
maximum O
sentence O
for O
hijack O
is O
life O
imprisonment O
but O
there O
has O
been O
widespread O
speculation O
that O
the O
seven O
will O
receive O
lesser O
sentences O
. O

After O
a O
search O
of O
the O
aircraft O
following O
the O
hijack O
, O
police O
found O
only O
knives O
and O
fake O
explosives O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Opposition O
group O
says O
Iraqis B-MISC
advance O
in O
north O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

An O
Iraqi B-MISC
opposition O
group O
in O
exile O
said O
on O
Saturday O
it O
had O
received O
reports O
that O
Iraqi B-MISC
forces O
were O
shelling O
and O
advancing O
on O
the O
Kurdish B-MISC
town O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

A O
London-based B-MISC
spokesman O
of O
the O
Iraqi B-ORG
National I-ORG
Congress I-ORG
said O
Iraqi B-MISC
artillery O
was O
shelling O
the O
city O
and O
Iraqi B-MISC
tanks O
had O
advanced O
to O
within O
10 O
km O
( O
six O
miles O
) O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
, O
the O
administrative O
centre O
of O
the O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebel-controlled O
region O
of O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

" O
At O
4.50 O
a.m. O
Iraq B-LOC
time O
( O
0050 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
Iraqi B-MISC
forces O
began O
an O
artillery O
attack O
on O
the O
outskirts O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
, O
" O
the O
spokesman O
, O
who O
asked O
not O
to O
be O
identified O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
in O
a O
telephone O
call O
. O

There O
was O
no O
independent O
confirmation O
of O
the O
report O
which O
the O
spokesman O
said O
came O
from O
the O
organisation O
's O
members O
in O
Arbil B-LOC
. O

He O
said O
damage O
and O
casualties O
in O
the O
city O
were O
heavy O
and O
Kurdish B-MISC
forces O
were O
defending O
the O
city O
. O

President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
on O
Friday O
ordered O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
military O
to O
ready O
itself O
for O
any O
possible O
action O
as O
Washington B-LOC
turned O
up O
the O
heat O
in O
an O
escalating O
crisis O
over O
Iraqi B-MISC
troop O
movements O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

On O
Thursday O
, O
Iraq B-LOC
accused O
Iran B-LOC
of O
aggression O
and O
said O
it O
reserved O
the O
right O
to O
retaliate O
for O
Tehran B-LOC
's O
alleged O
deployment O
of O
troops O
into O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
, O
where O
fighting O
broke O
out O
between O
the O
two O
main O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
rebel O
groups O
two O
weeks O
ago O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
die O
in O
Algeria B-LOC
restaurant O
blast O
- O
radio O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Two O
people O
were O
killed O
when O
a O
hand O
grenade O
exploded O
in O
a O
restaurant O
near O
Algiers B-LOC
late O
on O
Friday O
, O
Algerian B-MISC
radio O
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
report O
, O
monitored O
by O
the O
British B-ORG
Broadcasting I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG
( O
BBC B-ORG
) O
, O
quoted O
security O
services O
as O
saying O
six O
other O
people O
were O
injured O
in O
the O
blast O
in O
the O
town O
of O
Staouelli B-LOC
. O

An O
estimated O
50,000 O
people O
had O
been O
killed O
in O
political O
violence O
in O
Algeria B-LOC
since O
1992 O
, O
when O
army-backed O
authorities O
cancelled O
a O
general O
election O
that O
Islamic B-MISC
fundamentalists O
had O
been O
expected O
to O
win O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Baseball-Results O
of O
S. B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
pro-baseball O
games O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
pro-baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
. O

OB B-ORG
5 O
Samsung B-ORG
0 O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
2 O
Hyundai B-ORG
1 O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
, O
games O
behind O
first O
place O
) O

W O
D O
L O
PCT O
GB O

Haitai B-ORG
64 O
2 O
43 O
.596 O
- O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
60 O
2 O
49 O
.550 O
5 O

Hanwha B-ORG
58 O
1 O
49 O
.542 O
6 O

Hyundai B-ORG
57 O
5 O
50 O
.531 O
7 O

Samsung B-ORG
49 O
5 O
57 O
.464 O
14 O
1/2 O

Lotte B-ORG
46 O
6 O
54 O
.462 O
14 O
1/2 O

LG B-ORG
46 O
5 O
59 O
.441 O
17 O

OB B-ORG
43 O
6 O
62 O
.414 O
20 O

-DOCSTART- O

S. B-MISC
African I-MISC
Afrikaners B-MISC
still O
seek O
own O
territory O
. O

CAPE B-LOC
TOWN I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

South B-MISC
African I-MISC
right-wing O
Afrikaners O
on O
Saturday O
revived O
their O
campaign O
for O
a O
form O
of O
self-rule O
, O
identifying O
a O
sparsely-populated O
area O
in O
Northern B-LOC
Cape I-LOC
province O
as O
the O
best O
place O
for O
a O
home O
of O
their O
own O
. O

Constand B-PER
Viljoen I-PER
, O
leader O
of O
the O
Freedom B-ORG
Front I-ORG
party O
, O
told O
a O
news O
conference O
in O
Pretoria B-LOC
self-determination O
for O
Afrikaners B-MISC
could O
begin O
at O
local O
government O
level O
. O

" O
Certain O
powers O
can O
be O
delegated O
from O
the O
provincial O
level O
, O
towards O
the O
sub-regions O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
We O
think O
that O
the O
Afrikaner B-MISC
model O
within O
this O
new O
, O
multi- O
ethnic O
society O
of O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
will O
have O
to O
develop O
experimentally O
with O
world O
thinking O
in O
this O
regard O
. O
" O

Viljoen B-PER
broke O
with O
other O
right-wing O
whites O
in O
1994 O
by O
taking O
part O
in O
the O
country O
's O
first O
all-race O
elections O
in O
April O
of O
that O
year O
, O
saying O
the O
only O
way O
to O
attain O
self-determination O
was O
by O
cooperating O
with O
President O
Nelson B-PER
Mandela I-PER
's O
majority O
African B-ORG
National I-ORG
Congress I-ORG
. O

Some O
right-wingers O
demanded O
sovereignty O
in O
their O
own O
territory O
in O
the O
run-up O
to O
the O
elections O
, O
saying O
the O
alternative O
was O
war O
. O

Their O
threats O
came O
to O
nothing O
. O

Viljoen B-PER
has O
hailed O
clauses O
in O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
new O
constitution O
as O
making O
possible O
a O
form O
of O
self-rule O
for O
the O
Afrikaners B-MISC
, O
descendants O
of O
the O
country O
's O
Dutch B-MISC
, O
German B-MISC
and O
French B-MISC
settlers O
. O

According O
to O
state O
television O
, O
Viljoen B-PER
told O
the O
news O
conference O
the O
self-rule O
model O
should O
be O
introduced O
in O
parts O
of O
the O
Northern B-LOC
Cape I-LOC
provinces O
where O
a O
majority O
of O
people O
-- O
whites O
and O
mixed-race O
Coloureds O
-- O
speak O
Afrikaans B-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Rwandan B-MISC
refugee O
group O
calls O
for O
calm O
over O
census O
. O

NAIROBI B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

A O
Rwandan B-MISC
refugee O
lobby O
group O
called O
on O
Saturday O
for O
calm O
in O
refugee O
camps O
in O
eastern O
Zaire B-LOC
during O
a O
census O
from O
Sunday O
to O
be O
conducted O
by O
aid O
workers O
. O

The O
Rally B-ORG
for I-ORG
the I-ORG
Return I-ORG
of I-ORG
Refugees I-ORG
and I-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
in I-ORG
Rwanda I-ORG
( O
RDR B-ORG
) O
urged O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
High O
Commissioner O
for O
Refugees O
to O
avoid O
any O
" O
policing O
approach O
" O
and O
to O
calm O
refugees O
by O
explaining O
the O
aims O
of O
the O
operation O
. O

" O
The O
RDR B-ORG
appeals O
to O
all O
refugees O
to O
prepare O
themselves O
calmly O
for O
the O
demands O
of O
the O
census O
agents O
because O
it O
will O
be O
in O
their O
ultimate O
interest O
, O
" O
the O
group O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

It O
said O
refugees O
feared O
census O
takers O
would O
use O
indelible O
ink O
to O
mark O
them O
so O
they O
could O
be O
detected O
by O
Rwandan B-MISC
government O
troops O
and O
mistreated O
if O
they O
were O
forced O
back O
into O
Rwanda B-LOC
. O

U.N. B-ORG
officials O
said O
more O
than O
1,000 O
aid O
workers O
will O
take O
part O
in O
the O
census O
from O
Sunday O
until O
Tuesday O
of O
the O
estimated O
727,000 O
refugees O
in O
camps O
around O
the O
eastern O
Zairean B-MISC
border O
town O
of O
Goma B-LOC
. O

Only O
about O
100 O
refugees O
a O
week O
are O
returning O
voluntarily O
to O
Rwanda B-LOC
in O
contrast O
to O
the O
600 O
babies O
born O
in O
the O
camps O
weekly O
. O

Zairean B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Kengo B-PER
wa I-PER
Dondo I-PER
said O
at O
the O
end O
of O
a O
visit O
to O
Rwanda B-LOC
last O
week O
that O
the O
Zairean B-MISC
and O
Rwandan B-MISC
governments O
agreed O
on O
an O
" O
organised O
, O
massive O
and O
unconditional O
repatriation O
" O
of O
the O
1.1 O
million O
Rwandan B-MISC
refugees O
in O
Zaire B-LOC
. O

He O
said O
the O
repatriation O
would O
be O
carried O
out O
swiftly O
and O
would O
be O
enormous O
, O
starting O
with O
the O
closure O
of O
refugee O
camps O
. O

RDR B-ORG
said O
it O
feared O
forced O
expulsions O
would O
start O
in O
days O
. O

Zairean B-MISC
troops O
expelled O
15,000 O
refugees O
in O
August O
last O
year O
. O

Many O
of O
the O
1.1 O
million O
Rwandan B-MISC
Hutu B-MISC
refugees O
in O
Zaire B-LOC
and O
nearly O
600,000 O
in O
Tanzania B-LOC
refuse O
to O
go O
home O
, O
saying O
they O
fear O
reprisals O
for O
the O
1994 O
genocide O
in O
Rwanda B-LOC
of O
up O
to O
a O
million O
people O
by O
Hutus B-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

NATO B-ORG
monitors O
Moslem B-MISC
move O
towards O
tense O
village O
. O

MAHALA B-LOC
, O
Bosnia B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

NATO B-ORG
said O
it O
was O
closely O
monitoring O
the O
movement O
of O
about O
75 O
Moslem B-MISC
men O
towards O
the O
village O
of O
Mahala B-LOC
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
's O
Serb B-MISC
republic O
on O
Saturday O
, O
two O
days O
after O
a O
violent O
confrontation O
with O
Serbs B-MISC
. O

" O
I O
have O
to O
report O
this O
morning O
that O
we O
have O
in O
fact O
received O
reports O
... O

that O
up O
to O
75 O
Moslem B-MISC
men O
are O
believed O
to O
be O
approaching O
Mahala B-LOC
, O
" O
NATO B-ORG
spokesman O
Lieutenant-Colonel O
Max B-PER
Marriner I-PER
said O
in O
Sarajevo B-LOC
. O

Marriner B-PER
said O
that O
NATO B-ORG
troops O
had O
set O
up O
a O
checkpoint O
on O
the O
road O
between O
Tuzla B-LOC
and O
Mahala B-LOC
to O
establish O
the O
identities O
and O
intentions O
of O
the O
men O
headed O
towards O
the O
village O
. O

Mahala B-LOC
is O
a O
Moslem B-MISC
village O
on O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
republic O
territory O
. O

Moslems B-MISC
were O
driven O
from O
the O
village O
during O
the O
43- O
month O
Bosnian B-MISC
war O
and O
most O
of O
their O
houses O
were O
destroyed O
. O

Some O
Moslems B-MISC
began O
returning O
to O
rebuild O
their O
properties O
earlier O
in O
the O
week O
. O

Fights O
and O
shooting O
broke O
out O
between O
the O
Moslems B-MISC
and O
Serb B-MISC
police O
on O
Thursday O
and O
NATO B-ORG
troops O
finally O
brought O
restored O
order O
. O

A O
Reuters B-ORG
reporter O
who O
entered O
Mahala B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
morning O
found O
it O
tranquil O
but O
NATO B-ORG
troops O
and O
U.N. B-ORG
police O
were O
seen O
on O
the O
ground O
and O
NATO B-ORG
helicopters O
flew O
overhead O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Chechens B-MISC
exuberant O
but O
cautious O
on O
peace O
deal O
. O

Liutauras B-PER
Stremaitis I-PER

URUS-MARTAN B-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Crowds O
of O
pro-independence O
Chechens B-MISC
greeted O
a O
newly-signed O
peace O
deal O
by O
singing O
, O
dancing O
and O
firing O
guns O
in O
the O
air O
on O
Saturday O
, O
but O
the O
celebrations O
held O
a O
trace O
of O
uncertainty O
. O

More O
than O
a O
thousand O
women O
, O
children O
and O
men O
gathered O
in O
a O
field O
to O
the O
north O
of O
the O
town O
of O
Urus-Martan B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
to O
wait O
for O
a O
column O
of O
rebels O
to O
withdraw O
from O
the O
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
about O
25 O
km O
( O
12 O
miles O
) O
away O
. O

The O
men O
fired O
weapons O
into O
the O
air O
as O
groups O
of O
women O
danced O
. O

Adults O
in O
the O
crowd O
carried O
posters O
of O
former O
Chechen B-MISC
leader O
Dzhokhar B-PER
Dudayev I-PER
-- O
who O
declared O
independence O
in O
1991 O
-- O
and O
children O
, O
carrying O
photographs O
of O
him O
, O
called O
" O
Troops O
out O
! O
" O

. O

Russian B-MISC
military O
officials O
have O
expressed O
fears O
that O
the O
rebels O
and O
their O
supporters O
will O
see O
the O
deal O
signed O
by O
Russian B-MISC
peace O
envoy O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
in O
the O
early O
hours O
of O
Saturday O
as O
a O
military O
victory O
for O
the O
separatists O
. O

It O
involves O
the O
withdrawal O
of O
Russian B-MISC
troops O
sent O
to O
Chechnya B-LOC
in O
December O
1994 O
to O
crush O
the O
separatists O
and O
a O
postponement O
of O
the O
issue O
at O
the O
heart O
of O
the O
conflict O
-- O
the O
status O
of O
the O
mainly-Moslem B-MISC
North B-LOC
Caucasus I-LOC
region O
. O

But O
the O
people O
in O
the O
crowd O
on O
Saturday O
, O
who O
had O
turned O
out O
in O
support O
of O
the O
rebels O
, O
did O
not O
seem O
sure O
that O
the O
war O
was O
over O
. O

" O
We O
hope O
for O
the O
best O
, O
that O
it O
really O
has O
ended O
so O
we O
can O
live O
in O
peace O
. O

It O
's O
our O
only O
dream O
, O
" O
said O
a O
30-year-old O
woman O
, O
Mubatik B-PER
Dagayeva I-PER
. O

Aiza B-PER
Dudayeva I-PER
, O
with O
her O
10-year-old O
son O
beside O
her O
, O
shared O
the O
guarded O
optimism O
. O
" O

We O
really O
want O
the O
war O
to O
end O
, O
we O
hope O
and O
believe O
that O
our O
sons O
and O
brothers O
will O
win O
, O
" O
said O
Dudayeva B-PER
, O
adding O
that O
she O
was O
from O
Urus-Martan B-LOC
. O

Urus-Martan B-LOC
is O
a O
traditionally O
anti-separatist O
pocket O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
and O
Moscow-backed B-MISC
leader O
Doku B-PER
Zavgayev I-PER
, O
who O
has O
been O
sidelined O
in O
the O
peace O
deal O
, O
has O
warned O
that O
it O
and O
places O
like O
it O
could O
become O
centres O
of O
civil O
war O
if O
Russian B-MISC
troops O
leave O
. O

But O
on O
Saturday O
the O
people O
gathered O
just O
outside O
the O
town O
seemed O
to O
be O
united O
in O
favour O
of O
the O
separatists O
. O

Two O
columns O
of O
rebels O
appeared O
in O
jeeps O
and O
cars O
, O
firing O
their O
guns O
in O
the O
air O
, O
as O
the O
crowd O
rushed O
towards O
them O
. O

Mouldi B-PER
Mamatuyev I-PER
, O
in O
his O
late O
20 O
's O
, O
dressed O
in O
black O
and O
carrying O
a O
machine O
gun O
, O
was O
welcomed O
by O
his O
mother O
and O
sister O
. O

" O
Two O
sons O
have O
come O
back O
, O
" O
said O
his O
mother O
Nurbika B-PER
Mamatuyeva I-PER
. O
" O

It O
's O
the O
end O
. O

We O
believe O
in O
God B-PER
. O
" O

Mamatuyev B-PER
joked O
that O
his O
sister O
Lisa B-PER
was O
a O
rebel O
too O
, O
and O
she O
responded O
by O
grabbing O
hold O
of O
his O
gun O
and O
shouting O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
war O
cry O
" O
Allahu B-PER
Akhbar I-PER
" O
( O
God B-PER
is O
Greatest O
) O
and O
" O
Freedom O
for O
Chechnya B-LOC
! O
" O

. O

The O
fighter O
, O
sitting O
next O
to O
a O
man O
dressed O
in O
green O
and O
carrying O
a O
grenade-launcher O
, O
said O
that O
the O
strict O
Islamic B-MISC
law O
adopted O
by O
the O
rebels O
during O
the O
conflict O
was O
now O
needed O
to O
impose O
peace O
. O

" O
The O
war O
has O
ended O
if O
everything O
works O
out O
, O
if O
there O
is O
law O
there O
will O
be O
power O
. O

Only O
Sheriat B-MISC
( O
Islamic B-MISC
law O
) O
can O
end O
the O
war O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Polish B-MISC
group O
to O
bid O
for O
Ruch B-ORG
newsstand O
chain O
- O
paper O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

A O
Polish B-MISC
consortium O
including O
the O
Bank B-ORG
Rozwoju I-ORG
Exportu I-ORG
SA I-ORG
( O
BRE B-ORG
) O
plans O
to O
rival O
France B-LOC
's O
Hachette B-ORG
in O
bidding O
for O
Polish B-MISC
state-owned O
press O
distribution O
chain O
Ruch B-ORG
SA I-ORG
, O
Zycie B-ORG
Warszawy I-ORG
daily O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Zycie B-ORG
Warszawy I-ORG
said O
its O
own O
publisher O
, O
mineral O
water O
firm O
Multico B-ORG
, O
and O
a O
group O
headed O
by O
Polish B-MISC
businessman O
Zygmunt B-PER
Solorz I-PER
were O
forming O
a O
consortium O
which O
would O
offer O
about O
$ O
120 O
million O
, O
with O
finance O
provided O
by O
BRE B-ORG
. O

The O
consortium O
wanted O
40 O
percent O
of O
Ruch B-ORG
's O
shares O
, O
the O
state O
would O
get O
20 O
percent O
of O
Ruch B-ORG
and O
40 O
percent O
would O
be O
offered O
on O
the O
Warsaw B-LOC
stock O
exchange O
. O

" O
This O
division B-MISC
would O
guarantee O
a O
dispersal O
of O
capital O
, O
preventing O
anyone O
from O
taking O
total O
control O
over O
Ruch B-ORG
and O
dictating O
market O
conditions O
, O
" O
the O
paper O
quoted O
one O
of O
the O
initiators O
of O
the O
move O
as O
saying O
, O
without O
giving O
a O
name O
. O

A O
consortium O
of O
press O
distributor O
Hachette B-ORG
and O
Polish B-MISC
publishers O
group O
UWP B-ORG
are O
seeking O
more O
than O
than O
50 O
percent O
of O
Ruch B-ORG
and O
French B-MISC
President O
Jacques B-PER
Chirac I-PER
is O
likely O
to O
support O
its O
case O
when O
he O
visits O
Poland B-LOC
in O
September O
, O
the O
daily O
said O
. O

News-stand O
chain O
Ruch B-ORG
, O
which O
controls O
about O
65 O
percent O
of O
Poland B-LOC
's O
press O
distribution O
market O
, O
had O
a O
net O
profit O
of O
16.2 O
million O
zlotys O
on O
sales O
of O
2.7 O
billion O
zlotys O
in O
1995 O
. O

It O
has O
about O
17,000 O
news-stands O
and O
was O
the O
country O
's O
sole O
press O
distributor O
before O
the O
1989 O
fall O
of O
communism O
. O

Zycie B-ORG
Warszawy I-ORG
said O
the O
new O
, O
open O
consortium O
, O
which O
also O
included O
several O
listed O
Polish B-MISC
firms O
, O
would O
on O
Monday O
inform O
Privatisation O
Minister O
Wieslaw B-PER
Kaczmarek I-PER
of O
its O
plans O
. O

It O
aims O
to O
invest O
$ O
200 O
million O
in O
Ruch B-ORG
over O
five O
years O
-- O
more O
than O
the O
sum O
Ruch B-ORG
says O
it O
needs O
to O
upgrade O
its O
outlets O
. O

Initially O
Poland B-LOC
offered O
up O
to O
75 O
percent O
of O
Ruch B-ORG
but O
in O
March O
Kaczmarek B-PER
cancelled O
the O
tender O
and O
offered O
a O
minority O
stake O
with O
an O
option O
to O
increase O
the O
equity O
. O

Two O
consortia O
-- O
UWP-Hachette B-ORG
and O
a O
consortium O
of O
a O
Polish B-MISC
SPC B-ORG
group O
and O
Swiss B-MISC
firms O
-- O
placed O
initial O
bids O
. O

But O
after O
the O
change O
of O
tender O
conditions O
Swiss B-MISC
investors O
pulled O
out O
and O
SPC B-ORG
decided O
to O
bid O
jointly O
with O
UWP-Hachette B-ORG
. O

Kaczmarek B-PER
said O
in O
May O
he O
was O
unhappy O
that O
only O
one O
investor O
ended O
up O
bidding O
for O
Ruch B-ORG
, O
in O
which O
the O
government O
was O
initially O
offering O
up O
to O
35 O
percent O
of O
shares O
with O
an O
option O
to O
extend O
the O
holding O
after O
investment O
promises O
are O
fulfilled O
. O

-- O
Anthony B-PER
Barker I-PER
+48 O
22 O
653 O
9700 O

-DOCSTART- O

Three O
Russian B-MISC
soldiers O
killed O
in O
gun O
attack O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Three O
Russian B-MISC
servicemen O
were O
killed O
on O
Saturday O
when O
unidentified O
gunmen O
attacked O
guards O
at O
an O
anti-aircraft O
installation O
outside O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

It O
quoted O
military O
officials O
as O
saying O
the O
attack O
took O
place O
in O
Sergiyev B-LOC
Posad I-LOC
70 O
km O
( O
45 O
miles O
) O
from O
the O
capital O
. O

The O
officials O
said O
the O
attackers O
had O
seized O
two O
Kalashnikov B-MISC
assault O
rifles O
and O
disappeared O
. O

Attacks O
on O
servicemen O
aimed O
at O
seizing O
their O
guns O
have O
become O
frequent O
in O
Russia B-LOC
where O
the O
number O
of O
violent O
crimes O
committed O
with O
the O
use O
of O
fire O
arms O
is O
growing O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Cuban B-MISC
novelist O
Jose B-PER
Soler I-PER
Puig I-PER
dies O
at O
79 O
. O

HAVANA B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

One O
of O
Cuba B-LOC
's O
most O
acclaimed O
authors O
, O
Jose B-PER
Soler I-PER
Puig I-PER
, O
died O
at O
the O
age O
of O
79 O
, O
the O
official O
newspaper O
Granma B-ORG
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Puig B-PER
's O
first O
novel O
, O
" O
Bertillon B-MISC
166 I-MISC
, O
" O
was O
published O
in O
1960 O
, O
a O
year O
after O
the O
Cuban B-MISC
revolution O
brought O
President O
Fidel B-PER
Castro I-PER
to O
power O
. O

The O
book O
, O
which O
has O
been O
translated O
into O
40 O
languages O
, O
deals O
with O
a O
day O
in O
the O
life O
of O
Santiago B-LOC
de I-LOC
Cuba I-LOC
, O
Puig B-PER
's O
native O
city O
, O
under O
the O
pre-Castro B-MISC
government O
of O
Fulgencio B-PER
Batista I-PER
. O

The O
titles O
of O
his O
other O
novels O
translate O
as O
" O
In B-MISC
the I-MISC
Year I-MISC
of I-MISC
January I-MISC
" O
( O
1963 O
) O
, O
" O
The B-MISC
Collapse I-MISC
" O
( O
1964 O
) O
, O
" O
Sleeping B-MISC
Bread I-MISC
" O
( O
1975 O
) O
, O
" O
The B-MISC
Decaying I-MISC
Mansion I-MISC
" O
( O
1977 O
) O
and O
" O
A B-MISC
World I-MISC
of I-MISC
Things I-MISC
" O
( O
1982 O
) O
, O
followed O
by O
" O
The B-MISC
Knot I-MISC
, O
" O
" O
Soul B-MISC
Alone I-MISC
" O
and O
, O
most O
recently O
, O
" O
A B-MISC
Woman I-MISC
. O
" O

Granma B-ORG
called O
" O
Sleeping B-MISC
Bread I-MISC
" O
Puig B-PER
's O
" O
greatest O
gift O
to O
the O
modern O
novel O
in O
our O
America B-LOC
. O
" O

The O
author O
said O
in O
an O
interview O
shortly O
before O
his O
death O
that O
his O
own O
experiences O
had O
lent O
his O
books O
their O
strong O
sense O
of O
realism O
. O
" O

I O
'm O
a O
thief O
of O
ideas O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

The O
stories O
have O
been O
given O
to O
me O
by O
people O
. O
" O

In O
the O
same O
interview O
, O
published O
by O
Prensa B-ORG
Latina I-ORG
on O
Saturday O
, O
Puig B-PER
was O
asked O
if O
he O
feared O
death O
. O
" O

Death O
is O
not O
a O
punishment O
-- O
death O
is O
the O
end O
of O
life O
's O
punishment O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.N. B-ORG
Ambassador O
Albright B-PER
arrives O
in O
Chile B-LOC
. O

SANTIAGO B-PER
1996-08-31 O

The O
U.S. B-LOC
ambassador O
to O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
, O
Madeleine B-PER
Albright I-PER
, O
arrived O
in O
Chile B-LOC
late O
Friday O
for O
talks O
on O
various O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
issues O
with O
Chilean B-MISC
officials O
as O
part O
of O
a O
five-nation O
Latin B-MISC
American I-MISC
tour O
. O

Albright B-PER
will O
meet O
Foreign O
Minister O
Jose B-PER
Miguel I-PER
Insulza I-PER
Monday O
for O
talks O
on O
issues O
currently O
up O
for O
debate O
on O
the O
council O
, O
of O
which O
Chile B-LOC
is O
a O
non-permanent O
member O
, O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
embassy O
statement O
said O
. O

The O
two O
will O
also O
discuss O
various O
issues O
affecting O
relations O
between O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
and O
Chile B-LOC
, O
local O
officials O
said O
. O

Albright B-PER
, O
who O
arrived O
from O
Uruguay B-LOC
, O
will O
rest O
most O
of O
the O
weekend O
in O
Chile B-LOC
, O
officials O
said O
. O

Her O
official O
programme O
will O
begin O
on O
Monday O
, O
and O
she O
will O
leave O
that O
day O
for O
Bolivia B-LOC
to O
attend O
a O
Latin B-MISC
American I-MISC
summit O
meeting O
in O
the O
city O
of O
Cochabamba B-LOC
. O

Her O
tour O
will O
also O
include O
Honduras B-LOC
and O
Guatemala B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Mexican B-MISC
army O
attacked O
in O
Michoacan B-LOC
state O
- O
report O
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-30 O

A O
group O
of O
heavily-armed O
men O
attacked O
a O
military O
convoy O
in O
the O
western O
Mexican B-MISC
state O
of O
Michoacan B-LOC
on O
Friday O
, O
killing O
one O
soldier O
and O
wounding O
two O
, O
radio O
reports O
said O
. O

Radio B-ORG
Red I-ORG
quoted O
local O
police O
in O
the O
town O
of O
Tacambaro B-LOC
, O
Michoacan B-LOC
, O
80 O
km O
( O
50 O
miles O
) O
south O
of O
the O
state O
capital O
Morelia B-LOC
, O
as O
saying O
40 O
to O
50 O
armed O
men O
attacked O
the O
convoy O
. O

Gonzalo B-PER
Montoya I-PER
, O
a O
police O
commander O
in O
Tacambaro B-LOC
, O
told O
Radio B-ORG
Red I-ORG
the O
group O
was O
armed O
with O
AK-47s B-MISC
and O
other O
high-powered O
assault O
rifles O
and O
wore O
military-style O
fatigues O
. O

Montoya B-PER
said O
he O
thought O
the O
attackers O
were O
criminals O
linked O
to O
drug O
trafficking O
or O
kidnapping O
in O
the O
area O
. O
" O

We O
often O
see O
people O
dressed O
in O
military-style O
clothing O
here O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
attack O
comes O
a O
day O
after O
rebels O
of O
the O
self-styled O
Popular B-ORG
Revolutionary I-ORG
Army I-ORG
( O
EPR B-ORG
) O
launched O
coordinated O
attacks O
in O
at O
least O
three O
Mexican B-MISC
states O
, O
killing O
up O
to O
14 O
people O
and O
wounding O
about O
20 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
said O
to O
fear O
dissidents O
more O
than O
criminals O
. O

MANILA B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

The O
detention O
of O
veteran O
dissident O
Wang B-PER
Donghai I-PER
showed O
China B-LOC
's O
determination O
to O
crush O
any O
vestige O
of O
dissent O
during O
the O
current O
profound O
transitions O
in O
the O
nation O
's O
leadership O
, O
a O
human O
rights O
activist O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Xiao B-PER
Qiang I-PER
, O
executive O
director O
of O
the O
New B-MISC
York-based I-MISC
group O
Human B-ORG
Rights I-ORG
in I-ORG
China I-ORG
, O
said O
Wang B-PER
's O
arrest O
on O
Friday O
appeared O
to O
be O
part O
of O
the O
national O
" O
Strike B-MISC
Hard I-MISC
" O
campaign O
that O
has O
imprisoned O
thousands O
and O
sent O
hundreds O
to O
their O
death O
. O

Although O
supposedly O
aimed O
at O
criminals O
, O
dozens O
of O
human O
rights O
activists O
have O
been O
detained O
in O
the O
campaign O
, O
which O
is O
meant O
to O
strengthen O
the O
Communist B-ORG
Party I-ORG
's O
grip O
on O
power O
as O
senior O
leader O
Deng B-PER
Xiaoping I-PER
nears O
death O
, O
Xiao B-PER
said O
in O
an O
interview O
. O

" O
China B-LOC
is O
going O
through O
this O
power O
transition O
period O
. O

The O
authorities O
are O
apparently O
extremely O
afraid O
of O
any O
political O
and O
social O
discontent O
, O
" O
said O
Xiao B-PER
, O
in O
Manila B-LOC
to O
attend O
an O
Amnesty B-ORG
International I-ORG
conference O
on O
human O
rights O
in O
China B-LOC
. O

He O
said O
one O
of O
Wang B-PER
's O
apparent O
offences O
was O
to O
write O
a O
public O
letter O
in O
May O
suggesting O
that O
a O
free O
press O
and O
an O
independent O
judicial O
system O
were O
vital O
if O
the O
government O
really O
meant O
to O
stamp O
out O
rampant O
corruption O
. O

Xiao B-PER
said O
crushing O
legitimate O
dissent O
was O
only O
making O
the O
problem O
worse O
and O
one O
day O
China B-LOC
would O
pay O
a O
high O
price O
. O

" O
Those O
issues O
are O
not O
going O
to O
go O
away O
by O
repression O
. O

You O
only O
make O
things O
more O
hidden O
but O
potentially O
more O
explosive O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Wang B-PER
was O
arrested O
in O
the O
east O
China B-LOC
city O
of O
Hangzhou B-LOC
by O
security O
officers O
who O
told O
the O
dissident O
's O
family O
he O
would O
be O
sent O
to O
a O
study O
class O
-- O
a O
euphemism O
for O
coercive O
ideological O
reform O
. O

Wang B-PER
, O
45 O
, O
was O
sentenced O
last O
month O
to O
one O
year O
's O
" O
re-education O
by O
labour O
" O
but O
was O
released O
because O
of O
ill-health O
. O

Xiao B-PER
said O
conditions O
in O
the O
labour O
camp O
were O
so O
brutal O
they O
drove O
another O
activist O
sentenced O
with O
Wang B-PER
to O
attempt O
suicide O
. O

Police O
beat O
Wang B-PER
and O
his O
colleague O
, O
Chen B-PER
Longde I-PER
, O
and O
encouraged O
other O
camp O
inmates O
to O
attack O
them O
as O
well O
, O
Xiao B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Manila B-LOC
hails O
Indonesia B-LOC
, O
OIC B-ORG
for O
peace O
deal O
support O
. O

MANILA B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Philippine B-LOC
president O
Fidel B-PER
Ramos I-PER
expressed O
gratitude O
to O
Indonesian B-MISC
president O
Suharto B-PER
and O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
of I-ORG
Islamic I-ORG
Conference I-ORG
( O
OIC B-ORG
) O
on O
Saturday O
for O
supporting O
talks O
that O
ended O
a O
conflict O
with O
local O
Moslem B-MISC
rebels O
. O

" O
I O
extend O
the O
deepest O
gratitude O
... O
to O
your O
excellency O
for O
your O
untiring O
and O
invaluable O
friendship O
and O
support O
, O
" O
Ramos B-PER
told O
Suharto B-PER
in O
a O
letter O
. O

The O
full O
text O
of O
the O
letter O
was O
released O
to O
reporters O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Jakarta B-LOC
served O
as O
the O
host O
to O
the O
series O
of O
negotiations O
which O
culminated O
in O
the O
initialling O
of O
the O
agreement O
last O
Friday O
. O

The O
formal O
signing O
of O
the O
peace O
agreement O
is O
scheduled O
on O
Monday O
in O
Manila B-LOC
. O

Ramos B-PER
said O
the O
peace O
agreement O
" O
shall O
bring O
down O
the O
curtain O
on O
a O
long O
and O
storied O
era O
of O
strife O
in O
Philippine B-LOC
history O
. O
" O

The O
war O
claimed O
more O
than O
125,000 O
lives O
in O
the O
southern O
Mindanao B-LOC
island O
over O
a O
quarter O
of O
a O
century O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Burma B-LOC
's O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
says O
military O
rulers O
abuse O
law O
. O

Deborah B-PER
Charles I-PER

RANGOON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Burma B-LOC
's O
democracy O
leader O
Aung B-PER
San I-PER
Suu I-PER
Kyi I-PER
hit O
out O
at O
the O
government O
on O
Saturday O
for O
recent O
arrests O
and O
jailing O
of O
activists O
, O
saying O
the O
military O
abused O
the O
law O
to O
try O
to O
crush O
the O
democracy O
movement O
. O

" O
The O
main O
purpose O
of O
this O
press O
conference O
is O
to O
make O
it O
known O
to O
the O
world O
that O
the O
authorities O
are O
misusing O
the O
law O
all O
the O
time O
in O
order O
to O
try O
to O
crush O
the O
democracy O
movement O
, O
" O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
told O
reporters O
at O
her O
Rangoon B-LOC
home O
. O

Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
said O
at O
least O
61 O
democracy O
supporters O
had O
been O
arrested O
since O
May O
, O
and O
about O
30 O
of O
them O
had O
been O
sentenced O
, O
most O
to O
long O
prison O
terms O
. O

In O
May O
the O
government O
launched O
a O
sweeping O
crackdown O
on O
the O
democracy O
movement O
, O
detaining O
over O
260 O
members O
of O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
's O
National B-ORG
League I-ORG
for I-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
( O
NLD B-ORG
) O
ahead O
of O
a O
party O
congress O
. O

Most O
were O
released O
but O
several O
dozen O
remain O
in O
custody O
. O

The O
Burmese B-MISC
government O
last O
week O
confirmed O
the O
recent O
sentencing O
of O
nine O
democracy O
activists O
who O
were O
arrested O
in O
the O
May O
crackdown O
, O
including O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
's O
assistant O
Win B-PER
Htein I-PER
. O

The O
military O
government O
, O
which O
in O
May O
said O
it O
had O
detained O
the O
politicians O
to O
prevent O
anarchy O
, O
said O
the O
activists O
were O
charged O
with O
attempting O
to O
destroy O
the O
peace O
and O
stability O
of O
the O
state O
. O

But O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
disagreed O
with O
the O
methods O
, O
saying O
officials O
often O
arrested O
NLD B-ORG
supporters O
in O
the O
middle O
of O
the O
night O
, O
then O
did O
not O
give O
them O
the O
opportunity O
to O
defend O
themselves O
in O
trials O
. O

" O
When O
our O
people O
are O
tried O
, O
they O
are O
tried O
in O
a O
very O
secretive O
way O
. O

Their O
families O
are O
not O
told O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
, O
who O
spearheads O
a O
campaign O
for O
sanctions O
on O
Burma B-LOC
's O
government O
, O
was O
under O
house O
arrest O
for O
six O
years O
without O
being O
tried O
before O
being O
released O
in O
July O
1995 O
. O

Several O
other O
leading O
members O
of O
the O
NLD B-ORG
have O
served O
prison O
terms O
. O

The O
NLD B-ORG
party O
won O
a O
landslide O
victory O
in O
a O
1990 O
election O
but O
the O
State B-ORG
Law I-ORG
and I-ORG
Order I-ORG
Restoration I-ORG
Council I-ORG
( O
SLORC B-ORG
) O
, O
which O
assumed O
power O
in O
1988 O
after O
crushing O
pro-democracy O
demonstrations O
, O
never O
recognised O
the O
poll O
. O

" O
This O
lack O
of O
rule O
of O
law O
is O
an O
indication O
that O
the O
authorities O
are O
not O
interested O
in O
fair O
play O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O
" O

They O
are O
using O
a O
travesty O
of O
the O
law O
to O
try O
and O
crush O
our O
movements O
and O
to O
sentence O
our O
people O
to O
long O
terms O
in O
prison O
without O
proper O
trial O
. O
" O

Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
said O
once O
the O
activists O
were O
sentenced O
, O
they O
suffered O
inhuman O
conditions O
and O
lack O
of O
rights O
in O
prison O
. O

" O
Almost O
all O
of O
the O
prisoners O
start O
suffering O
from O
various O
health O
problems O
after O
a O
couple O
of O
years O
in O
jail O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O
" O

Some O
of O
our O
people O
have O
been O
in O
prison O
for O
five O
to O
six O
years O
. O
" O

Most O
political O
prisoners O
are O
held O
in O
Rangoon B-LOC
's O
Insein B-LOC
Prison I-LOC
. O

Some O
who O
have O
been O
released O
have O
recounted O
torture O
methods O
like O
sleep O
and O
food O
deprivation O
and O
physical O
abuse O
. O

" O
If O
there O
are O
any O
more O
instances O
of O
death O
in O
custody O
it O
will O
be O
further O
proof O
that O
a O
prison O
sentence O
for O
political O
prisoners O
is O
sometimes O
almost O
the O
same O
as O
a O
death O
sentence O
, O
" O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
said O
. O

Hla B-PER
Than I-PER
, O
an O
elected O
member O
of O
parliament O
for O
the O
NLD B-ORG
, O
died O
in O
early O
August O
after O
being O
at O
Insein B-LOC
for O
six O
years O
. O

His O
death O
came O
five O
weeks O
after O
James B-PER
Leander I-PER
( I-PER
Leo I-PER
) I-PER
Nichols I-PER
, O
a O
close O
friend O
of O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
and O
Danish B-MISC
honorary O
consul O
, O
died O
while O
serving O
a O
prison O
term O
at O
Insein B-LOC
. O

Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
said O
the O
government O
had O
increased O
its O
repression O
tactics O
on O
the O
democracy O
movement O
because O
it O
feared O
the O
growing O
popularity O
of O
the O
movement O
. O

But O
she O
said O
she O
and O
the O
NLD B-ORG
would O
not O
stop O
their O
efforts O
to O
bring O
democracy O
to O
Burma B-LOC
even O
if O
it O
meant O
more O
arrests O
of O
party O
members O
or O
even O
herself O
. O

" O
We O
will O
carry O
on O
. O

Nobody O
is O
free O
from O
arrest O
in O
Burma B-LOC
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Dow B-ORG
Chemical I-ORG
in O
China B-LOC
ethylene O
venture O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

The O
Dow B-ORG
Chemical I-ORG
Co I-ORG
of O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
will O
invest O
$ O
4 O
billion O
to O
build O
an O
ethylene O
plant O
in O
Tianjin B-LOC
city O
in O
northern O
China B-LOC
, O
the O
China B-ORG
Daily I-ORG
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
plant O
will O
have O
annual O
production O
of O
400,000 O
tonnes O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

It O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
of O
the O
venture O
. O

Tianjin B-LOC
boasts O
a O
range O
of O
infrastructure O
facilities O
, O
attracting O
several O
multinational O
oil O
companies O
to O
invest O
in O
recent O
years O
. O

Caltex B-ORG
Petroleum I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
plans O
to O
build O
a O
lubricants O
blender O
in O
a O
bonded O
zone O
in O
Tianjin B-LOC
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

Multinational O
firms O
including O
Mobil B-ORG
, O
Shell B-ORG
and O
Caltex B-ORG
, O
were O
also O
attracted O
to O
Tianjin B-LOC
due O
to O
China B-LOC
's O
rising O
demand O
for O
lube O
and O
oil-based O
products O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

It O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

N. B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
urges O
S. B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
to O
return O
war O
veteran O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

North B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
demanded O
on O
Saturday O
that O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
return O
a O
northern O
war O
veteran O
who O
has O
been O
in O
the O
South B-LOC
since O
the O
1950-53 O
war O
, O
Seoul B-LOC
's O
unification O
ministry O
said O
. O

" O
...I O
request O
the O
immediate O
repatriation O
of O
Kim B-PER
In-so I-PER
to O
North B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
where O
his O
family O
is O
waiting O
, O
" O
North B-ORG
Korean I-ORG
Red I-ORG
Cross I-ORG
president O
Li B-PER
Song-ho I-PER
said O
in O
a O
telephone O
message O
to O
his O
southern O
couterpart O
, O
Kang B-PER
Young-hoon I-PER
. O

Li B-PER
said O
Kim B-PER
had O
been O
critically O
ill O
with O
a O
cerebral O
haemorrhage O
. O

The O
message O
was O
distributed O
to O
the O
press O
by O
the O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
unification O
ministry O
. O

Kim B-PER
, O
an O
unrepentant O
communist O
, O
was O
captured O
during O
the O
Korean B-MISC
War O
and O
released O
after O
spending O
more O
than O
30 O
years O
in O
a O
southern O
jail O
. O

He O
submitted O
a O
petition O
to O
the O
International B-ORG
Red I-ORG
Cross I-ORG
in O
1993 O
asking O
for O
his O
repatriation O
. O

The O
domestic O
Yonhap B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
the O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
government O
would O
consider O
the O
northern O
demand O
only O
if O
the O
North B-LOC
accepted O
Seoul B-LOC
's O
requests O
, O
which O
include O
regular O
reunions O
of O
families O
split O
by O
the O
Korean B-MISC
War O
. O

Government O
officials O
were O
not O
available O
to O
comment O
. O

South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
in O
1993 O
unconditionally O
repatriated O
Li B-PER
In-mo I-PER
, O
a O
nothern O
partisan O
seized O
by O
the O
South B-LOC
during O
the O
war O
and O
jailed O
for O
more O
than O
three O
decades O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Chinese B-MISC
police O
hold O
veteran O
dissident O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Chinese B-MISC
police O
have O
detained O
veteran O
dissident O
Wang B-PER
Donghai I-PER
, O
the O
New B-MISC
York-based I-MISC
pressure O
group O
Human B-ORG
Rights I-ORG
in I-ORG
China I-ORG
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Police O
in O
Hangzhou B-LOC
, O
capital O
of O
the O
eastern O
province O
of O
Zhejiang B-LOC
, O
told O
Wang B-PER
's O
family O
that O
Wang B-PER
would O
be O
sent O
to O
a O
study O
class O
, O
a O
euphemism O
for O
coercive O
ideological O
reform O
, O
the O
group O
said O
. O

Police O
gave O
no O
reason O
for O
detaining O
Wang B-PER
on O
Friday O
and O
would O
not O
let O
his O
family O
meet O
him O
or O
say O
where O
he O
was O
being O
held O
, O
the O
group O
said O
. O

Police O
also O
would O
not O
say O
why O
Wang B-PER
was O
being O
sent O
to O
a O
study O
class O
-- O
a O
holdover O
from O
the O
chaotic O
1966-76 B-MISC
Cultural I-MISC
Revolution I-MISC
-- O
or O
say O
when O
he O
would O
be O
released O
, O
the O
group O
said O
. O

Wang B-PER
's O
family O
and O
Hangzhou B-LOC
police O
could O
not O
be O
reached O
for O
immediate O
comment O
. O

The O
group O
demanded O
Wang B-PER
's O
release O
and O
said O
his O
detention O
was O
a O
dangerous O
signal O
China B-LOC
was O
returning O
to O
its O
Cultural B-MISC
Revolution I-MISC
days O
. O

Last O
month O
, O
Wang B-PER
, O
45 O
, O
a O
veteran O
dissident O
of O
the O
1979 O
Democracy B-ORG
Wall I-ORG
movement O
, O
was O
ordered O
to O
serve O
one O
year O
of O
" O
re-education O
through O
labour O
" O
, O
but O
released O
because O
of O
poor O
health O
. O

Re-education O
through O
labour O
is O
an O
administrative O
punishment O
with O
a O
maximum O
of O
three O
years O
that O
can O
be O
imposed O
by O
police O
without O
recourse O
to O
prosecutors O
or O
the O
courts O
. O

Wang B-PER
was O
jailed O
for O
two O
years O
for O
organising O
street O
protests O
after O
the O
military O
crushed O
pro-democracy O
demonstrations O
by O
students O
at O
Beijing B-LOC
's O
Tiananmen B-LOC
Square I-LOC
on O
June O
4 O
, O
1989 O
, O
with O
heavy O
loss O
of O
life O
. O

Chinese B-MISC
authorities O
appeared O
to O
be O
using O
administrative O
punishment O
more O
frequently O
to O
take O
dissidents O
out O
of O
circulation O
without O
having O
to O
go O
through O
a O
more O
complicated O
judicial O
process O
to O
impose O
criminal O
sentences O
, O
Western B-MISC
diplomats O
have O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
police O
detains O
dissident O
Wang B-PER
Donghai I-PER
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Chinese B-MISC
police O
have O
detained O
dissident O
Wang B-PER
Donghai I-PER
, O
the O
New B-MISC
York-based I-MISC
pressure O
group O
Human B-ORG
Rights I-ORG
in I-ORG
China I-ORG
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Police O
detained O
Wang B-PER
on O
Friday O
and O
would O
not O
let O
his O
family O
meet O
him O
or O
say O
where O
he O
was O
being O
held O
, O
the O
group O
said O
. O

The O
pressure O
group O
said O
Wang B-PER
would O
be O
sent O
to O
a O
study O
class O
, O
often O
a O
euphemism O
in O
China B-LOC
for O
ideological O
reform O
. O

Wang B-PER
's O
family O
could O
not O
immediately O
be O
reached O
for O
comment O
. O

Last O
month O
, O
Wang B-PER
, O
45 O
, O
a O
veteran O
dissident O
of O
the O
1979 O
Democracy B-ORG
Wall I-ORG
movement O
, O
was O
ordered O
to O
serve O
one O
year O
of O
" O
re-education O
through O
labour O
" O
, O
but O
released O
because O
of O
poor O
health O
. O

Re-education O
through O
labour O
is O
an O
administrative O
punishment O
with O
a O
maximum O
of O
three O
years O
that O
can O
be O
imposed O
by O
police O
without O
recourse O
to O
prosecutors O
or O
the O
courts O
. O

Wang B-PER
was O
jailed O
for O
two O
years O
for O
organising O
street O
protests O
after O
the O
military O
brutally O
crushed O
pro-democracy O
demonstrations O
by O
students O
at O
Beijing B-LOC
's O
Tiananmen B-LOC
Square I-LOC
on O
June O
4 O
, O
1989 O
, O
with O
heavy O
loss O
of O
life O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
jails O
88-year-old O
drug O
trafficker O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-31 O

An O
88-year-old O
army O
veteran O
was O
jailed O
for O
15 O
years O
by O
a O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
court O
for O
drugs O
trafficking O
after O
he O
admitted O
he O
had O
stashed O
heroin O
under O
his O
mattress O
, O
a O
newspaper O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

" O
I O
am O
sorry O
to O
my O
ancestors O
for O
five O
generations O
, O
" O
Chen B-PER
Chun-yeh I-PER
told O
the O
High B-ORG
Court I-ORG
after O
sentencing O
on O
Friday O
, O
the O
Hong B-ORG
Kong I-ORG
Standard I-ORG
said O
. O
" O

Tell O
my O
sons O
to O
collect O
my O
bones O
, O
" O
he O
said O
after O
hearing O
he O
was O
likely O
to O
die O
behind O
bars O
. O

Chen B-PER
, O
a O
former O
army O
secretary O
of O
the O
Chinese B-MISC
Nationalist O
regime O
which O
fled O
from O
mainland O
China B-LOC
to O
Taiwan B-LOC
in O
1949 O
, O
pleaded O
guilty O
to O
trafficking O
42 O
kg O
( O
92 O
pounds O
) O
of O
drugs O
that O
could O
have O
been O
turned O
into O
25 O
kg O
( O
55 O
pounds O
) O
of O
heroin O
. O

The O
ex-officer O
admitted O
stashing O
heroin O
under O
his O
mattress O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
cities O
to O
ban O
disposable O
plastic O
containers O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Two O
Chinese B-MISC
cities O
are O
to O
ban O
the O
use O
of O
disposable O
plastic O
containers O
as O
part O
of O
efforts O
to O
fight O
pollution O
, O
the O
China B-ORG
Daily I-ORG
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Authorities O
in O
Wuhan B-LOC
, O
capital O
of O
the O
central O
province O
of O
Hubei B-LOC
, O
would O
punish O
those O
who O
sell O
or O
use O
disposable O
plastic O
containers O
from O
September O
1 O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

It O
did O
not O
elaborate O
. O

The O
city O
's O
industrial O
and O
commercial O
departments O
would O
confiscate O
disposable O
plastic O
containers O
and O
police O
would O
prevent O
new O
ones O
from O
entering O
the O
city O
, O
it O
said O
. O

Wuhan B-LOC
consumes O
more O
than O
200 O
million O
disposable O
plastic O
containers O
a O
year O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

The O
boomtown O
of O
Guangzhou B-LOC
, O
capital O
of O
the O
southern O
province O
of O
Guangdong B-LOC
, O
would O
ban O
disposable O
plastic O
containers O
by O
the O
end O
of O
1996 O
, O
it O
said O
. O

Guangzhou B-LOC
uses O
up O
500,000 O
such O
containers O
each O
day O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

It O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iraqi B-MISC
Kurds I-MISC
say O
Iranian B-MISC
troops O
enter O
north O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

ISTANBUL B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Iranian B-MISC
troops O
on O
Saturday O
entered O
Kurdish-controlled B-MISC
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
in O
the O
wake O
of O
an O
assault O
backed O
by O
Baghdad B-LOC
into O
the O
region O
, O
an O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
group O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

" O
They O
entered O
this O
morning O
. O

They O
have O
occupied O
the O
area O
to O
the O
depth O
of O
40 O
km O
( O
25 O
miles O
) O
. O

They O
have O
established O
a O
headquarters O
in O
Chuman B-LOC
, O
" O
Faik B-PER
Nerweyi I-PER
of O
the O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
KDP B-ORG
) O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
by O
telephone O
from O
Ankara B-LOC
. O

Nerweyi B-PER
said O
he O
did O
not O
know O
the O
size O
or O
nature O
of O
the O
Iranian B-MISC
force O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
, O
but O
said O
KDP B-ORG
fighters O
had O
been O
easily O
outgunned O
in O
the O
area O
close O
to O
the O
Iranian B-MISC
border O
and O
had O
quickly O
withdrawn O
further O
west O
. O

" O
They O
were O
far O
too O
strong O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Nerweyi B-PER
said O
he O
did O
not O
know O
if O
there O
were O
any O
casualties O
. O

A O
U.N. B-ORG
official O
in O
Baghdad B-LOC
said O
the O
KDP B-ORG
, O
backed O
by O
Iraqi B-MISC
tanks O
, O
heavy O
artillery O
and O
helicopters O
had O
taken O
control O
of O
the O
main O
northern O
Iraqi B-MISC
city O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
after O
fighting O
on O
Saturday O
. O

U.S. B-LOC
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
has O
authorised O
the O
repositioning O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
firepower O
in O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
region O
in O
response O
to O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
attacks O
. O

The O
KDP B-ORG
charges O
that O
the O
rival O
Patriotic B-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Kurdistan I-ORG
, O
which O
took O
control O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
in O
fighting O
in O
December O
1994 O
, O
has O
backing O
from O
Iran B-LOC
. O

The O
PUK B-ORG
accuses O
the O
KDP B-ORG
of O
collaborating O
with O
Baghdad B-LOC
. O

Northern O
Iraq B-LOC
has O
been O
under O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
control O
since O
after O
the O
1991 O
Gulf B-MISC
War I-MISC
. O

U.S.-led B-MISC
allied O
planes O
based O
in O
Turkey B-LOC
are O
intended O
to O
protect O
the O
Kurds B-MISC
from O
Baghdad B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ceasefire O
monitors O
to O
meet O
in O
south O
Lebanon B-LOC
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

A O
committee O
monitoring O
the O
ceasefire O
agreement O
between O
Israel B-LOC
and O
Hizbollah B-ORG
guerrillas O
will O
meet O
in O
south O
Lebanon B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
to O
discuss O
an O
Israeli B-MISC
complaint O
against O
the O
Islamic B-MISC
group O
, O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
army O
said O
. O

Representatives O
of O
the O
five O
nations O
making O
up O
the O
committee O
-- O
Israel B-LOC
, O
Lebanon B-LOC
, O
Syria B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
and O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
-- O
will O
meet O
at O
11 O
a.m. O
( O
0800 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
in O
Naqoura B-LOC
, O
the O
coastal O
headquarters O
of O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
Interim I-ORG
Force I-ORG
in I-ORG
Lebanon I-ORG
( O
UNIFIL B-ORG
) O
. O

" O
The O
committee O
will O
meet O
following O
a O
complaint O
by O
Israel B-LOC
over O
an O
incident O
in O
which O
two O
Lebanese B-MISC
residents O
were O
injured O
by O
Hizbollah B-ORG
fire O
in O
the O
Sikhin B-LOC
village O
... O

on O
August O
29 O
, O
" O
an O
Israeli B-MISC
army O
spokeswoman O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
monitoring O
committee O
was O
set O
up O
to O
deal O
with O
violations O
of O
an O
April O
25 O
ceasefire O
understanding O
that O
ended O
17 O
days O
of O
fighting O
between O
Israel B-LOC
and O
the O
guerrillas O
. O

The O
understandings O
forbid O
firing O
from O
or O
at O
civilian O
targest O
but O
do O
not O
rule O
out O
guerrilla O
attacks O
on O
Israeli B-MISC
troops O
and O
their O
local O
militia O
allies O
in O
south O
Lebanon B-LOC
. O

Around O
1,000 O
Israeli B-MISC
troops O
patrol O
a O
15 O
km O
( O
nine-mile O
) O
south O
Lebanon B-LOC
occupation O
zone O
which O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
state O
carved O
out O
in O
1985 O
to O
prevent O
attacks O
on O
its O
northern O
bordder O
. O

Hizbollah B-ORG
( O
Party B-ORG
of I-ORG
God I-ORG
) O
gunmen O
have O
waged O
a O
guerrilla O
war O
to O
oust O
Israel B-LOC
from O
the O
area O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

KPD B-ORG
confirms O
Iraqi B-MISC
military O
aid-U.N. B-MISC
official O
. O

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
KDP B-ORG
) O
of O
Massoud B-PER
Barzani I-PER
said O
that O
it O
was O
being O
backed O
by O
Iraqi B-MISC
heavy O
armour O
and O
artillery O
in O
a O
battle O
with O
rival O
Kurds B-MISC
for O
the O
city O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
, O
a O
senior O
U.N. B-ORG
official O
in O
Baghdad B-LOC
said O
. O

" O
They O
have O
confirmed O
to O
us O
that O
Iraqi B-MISC
troops O
are O
taking O
part O
in O
the O
attack O
on O
Arbil B-LOC
... O

We O
got O
the O
information O
from O
KDP B-ORG
leaders O
in O
KDP B-ORG
headquarters O
in O
Saladdin B-LOC
, O
" O
the O
official O
, O
who O
asked O
not O
to O
be O
identified O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Fire O
destroys O
restaurant O
in O
Bahraini B-LOC
village O
. O

MANAMA B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

A O
fire O
has O
completely O
gutted O
a O
Turkish-operated O
restaurant O
in O
a O
Bahraini B-LOC
village O
, O
residents O
said O
. O

They O
said O
a O
fire O
broke O
out O
at O
Shul'ala B-LOC
restaurant O
in O
the O
early O
hours O
on O
Saturday O
in O
al-Daih B-LOC
village O
, O
five O
km O
( O
three O
miles O
) O
west O
of O
the O
capital O
Manama B-LOC
. O

It O
was O
not O
immediately O
clear O
what O
caused O
the O
fire O
or O
if O
there O
were O
any O
casualties O
. O

Government O
officials O
had O
no O
immediate O
comment O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iraq B-LOC
's O
Aziz B-PER
says O
Baghdad B-LOC
aiding O
KDP B-ORG
against O
rivals O
. O

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Iraq B-LOC
's O
Deputy O
Prime O
Minister O
Tareq B-PER
Aziz I-PER
said O
on O
Saturday O
Iraqi B-MISC
troops O
were O
fighting O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
to O
aid O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebel O
leader O
Massoud B-PER
Barzani I-PER
against O
rival O
forces O
. O

" O
The O
leadership O
has O
decided O
to O
provide O
support O
and O
military O
aid O
to O
Mr O
Massoud B-PER
Barzani I-PER
and O
his O
comrades O
to O
enable O
them O
confront O
the O
vicious O
aggression O
... O

from O
( O
Patriotic B-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Kurdistan I-ORG
chief O
) O
Jalal B-PER
Talabani I-PER
, O
" O
Aziz B-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
carried O
by O
the O
official O
Iraqi B-ORG
News I-ORG
Agency I-ORG
( O
INA B-ORG
) O
. O

Aziz B-PER
said O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
military O
intervention O
, O
the O
first O
on O
such O
scale O
since O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
and O
allies O
decided O
to O
protect O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurds I-MISC
against O
Baghdad B-LOC
, O
was O
in O
response O
to O
a O
plea O
from O
Barzani B-PER
to O
President O
Saddam B-PER
Hussein I-PER
to O
back O
him O
militarily O
and O
save O
his O
people O
from O
attacks O
by O
Iran B-LOC
and O
Talabani B-PER
. O

He O
said O
Barzani B-PER
sent O
a O
message O
to O
Saddam B-PER
on O
August O
22 O
in O
which O
he O
said O
: O
" O
The O
conspiracy O
is O
beyond O
our O
capability O
therefore O
we O
plead O
with O
your O
excellency O
to O
order O
Iraqi B-MISC
armed O
forces O
to O
interfere O
to O
help O
us O
to O
evade O
the O
foreign O
threat O
and O
put O
an O
end O
to O
Talabani B-PER
's O
treason O
and O
conspiracy O
. O
" O

U.N. B-ORG
relief O
officials O
said O
they O
were O
not O
aware O
that O
the O
tanks O
advancing O
on O
Arbil B-LOC
were O
manned O
by O
Iraqi B-MISC
troops O
as O
they O
advanced O
from O
KDP-controlled O
areas O
and O
raised O
KDP B-ORG
flags O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.N. B-ORG
denies O
reports O
of O
Iraqi B-MISC
tank O
assault O
on O
Arbil B-LOC
. O

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
relief O
officials O
said O
on O
Saturday O
the O
fighting O
in O
Arbil B-LOC
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
was O
between O
rival O
Kurdish B-MISC
factions O
and O
they O
were O
not O
aware O
of O
any O
Iraqi B-MISC
military O
advance O
on O
the O
city O
. O

" O
KDP B-ORG
( O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
) O
is O
trying O
to O
overtake O
the O
city O
. O

They O
are O
using O
tanks O
. O

I O
think O
they O
will O
succeed O
. O

We O
have O
in O
no O
way O
seen O
any O
Iraqi B-MISC
troops O
in O
the O
city O
or O
in O
its O
approaches O
, O
" O
a O
U.N. B-ORG
relief O
official O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Tunisia B-LOC
- O
Aug O
31 O
. O

TUNIS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

These O
are O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Tunisian B-MISC
press O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

LA B-ORG
PRESSE I-ORG

- O
After O
Tunisia B-LOC
called O
on O
France B-LOC
to O
respect O
Tunisian B-MISC
immigrants O
' O
dignity O
, O
France B-LOC
says O
it O
welcomes O
legal O
Tunisian B-MISC
residents O
. O

- O
Tunisia B-LOC
's O
exports O
of O
spare O
parts O
amounted O
to O
220 O
million O
dinars O
in O
1995 O
. O

LE B-ORG
TEMPS I-ORG

- O
Trade O
talks O
between O
Tunisia B-LOC
and O
the O
Palestinian B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
. O

- O
Speaker O
of O
parliament O
Habib B-PER
Boulares I-PER
arrives O
in O
Tripoli B-LOC
to O
represent O
President O
Zine B-PER
al-Abidine I-PER
Ben I-PER
Ali I-PER
at O
the O
Libyan B-MISC
revolution O
anniversary O
celebrations O
. O

( O
$ O
1 O
= O
0.96 O
dinar O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Automakers O
, O
U.S. B-LOC
agency O
plan O
air O
bag O
safety O
ads O
. O

DETROIT B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Automakers O
, O
suppliers O
, O
insurers O
and O
the O
federal O
government O
's O
auto O
safety O
agency O
Saturday O
launched O
a O
$ O
10 O
million O
safety O
awareness O
campaign O
aimed O
at O
reducing O
the O
number O
of O
children O
killed O
accidentally O
by O
air O
bags O
in O
cars O
and O
trucks O
. O

Officials O
said O
they O
will O
work O
with O
law O
enforcement O
agencies O
, O
pediatricians O
and O
media O
to O
warn O
parents O
about O
the O
dangers O
that O
air O
bags O
pose O
to O
children O
and O
adults O
not O
wearing O
seatbelts O
. O

Since O
1993 O
, O
24 O
children O
have O
been O
killed O
by O
the O
explosive O
force O
of O
automotive O
air O
bags O
, O
which O
inflate O
at O
speeds O
up O
to O
200 O
miles O
per O
hour O
. O

The O
first O
portion O
of O
the O
campaign O
involves O
pickup O
trucks O
equipped O
with O
billboards O
that O
were O
driving O
along O
some O
of O
the O
nation O
's O
busiest O
interstate O
highways O
during O
the O
Labor B-MISC
Day I-MISC
weekend O
, O
including O
Interstate B-LOC
95 I-LOC
on O
the O
East B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
, O
Interstates B-LOC
80 I-LOC
and O
90 B-LOC
in O
the O
Midwest B-LOC
and O
Interstate B-LOC
5 I-LOC
in O
California B-LOC
. O

The O
boards O
read O
: O
" O
Air O
Bag O
Safety O
: O
Everyone O
Buckled O
, O
Kids O
in O
Back O
. O
" O

Janet B-PER
Dewey I-PER
, O
executive O
director O
of O
the O
industry-funded O
National B-ORG
Automobile I-ORG
Occupant I-ORG
Protection I-ORG
Campaign I-ORG
, O
said O
most O
of O
the O
injuries O
to O
children O
occurred O
because O
they O
were O
not O
wearing O
seatbelts O
. O

A O
child O
's O
chances O
of O
being O
killed O
in O
a O
car O
accident O
, O
whether O
the O
vehicle O
was O
equipped O
with O
an O
air O
bag O
or O
not O
, O
is O
reduced O
by O
29 O
percent O
when O
they O
are O
in O
the O
rear O
seat O
, O
she O
said O
. O

The O
auto O
industry O
was O
about O
three O
to O
six O
years O
away O
from O
introducing O
" O
smart O
" O
air O
bags O
with O
the O
ability O
to O
detect O
the O
size O
and O
position O
of O
an O
occupant O
and O
adjust O
inflation O
pressures O
accordingly O
. O

Current O
air O
bags O
were O
designed O
to O
halt O
the O
forward O
momentum O
of O
an O
average-sized O
, O
unbelted O
adult O
male O
, O
not O
a O
small O
child O
. O

Automakers O
petitioned O
the O
National B-ORG
Highway I-ORG
Traffic I-ORG
Safety I-ORG
Administration I-ORG
to O
allow O
them O
to O
introduce O
air O
bags O
that O
inflate O
less O
aggressively O
to O
help O
reduce O
unwanted O
injuries O
. O

" O
Even O
if O
changes O
are O
made O
to O
airbags O
today O
, O
we O
'd O
still O
have O
20 O
million O
vehicles O
on O
the O
road O
with O
current O
technology O
, O
" O
Dewey B-PER
said O
. O
" O

The O
public O
has O
n't O
been O
getting O
the O
message O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
die O
as O
New B-LOC
Hampshire I-LOC
motel O
explodes O
and O
burns O
. O

ROCHESTER B-LOC
, O
N.H. B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Adds O
deaths O
, O
other O
details O
) O

An O
explosion O
leveled O
Rochester B-LOC
's O
one-story O
Lilac B-LOC
Falls I-LOC
Motel O
, O
killing O
two O
people O
, O
fire O
officials O
said O
Friday O
. O

" O
It O
was O
an O
explosion O
, O
and O
then O
it O
got O
involved O
in O
fire O
. O

As O
far O
as O
I O
know O
, O
it O
's O
been O
to O
four O
alarms O
-- O
more O
trucks O
, O
more O
people O
, O
" O
said O
Don B-PER
Penney I-PER
of O
the O
Rochester B-ORG
Fire I-ORG
Department I-ORG
said O
. O

Eyewitnesses O
told O
Boston B-LOC
television O
stations O
they O
saw O
a O
gasoline O
truck O
parked O
behind O
the O
Lilac B-LOC
Falls I-LOC
Motel I-LOC
and O
smelled O
gasoline O
shortly O
before O
the O
explosion O
. O

Fire O
department O
officials O
said O
they O
were O
investigating O
the O
cause O
of O
the O
blast O
and O
searching O
for O
any O
more O
casualties O
. O

Officials O
did O
not O
immediately O
identify O
the O
victims O
. O

Local O
hospital O
officials O
said O
a O
few O
firemen O
were O
treated O
for O
smoke O
inhalation O
but O
there O
were O
no O
other O
injuries O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Car O
kills O
two O
trying O
to O
avoid O
Texas B-LOC
drag O
race O
. O

DALLAS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

An O
illegal O
drag O
race O
on O
a O
Dallas B-LOC
street O
turned O
deadly O
when O
another O
vehicle O
veered O
into O
the O
crowd O
, O
killing O
two O
people O
and O
injuring O
a O
dozen O
more O
, O
police O
said O
Saturday O
. O

Organisers O
tried O
to O
block O
off O
traffic O
while O
preparing O
the O
drag O
race O
late O
on O
Friday O
, O
but O
an O
allegedly O
drunk O
driver O
was O
unable O
to O
slow O
down O
in O
time O
and O
ran O
into O
a O
group O
of O
spectators O
as O
he O
swerved O
to O
avoid O
one O
of O
the O
cars O
that O
was O
to O
take O
part O
in O
the O
race O
. O

A O
26-year-old O
man O
and O
an O
18-year-old O
woman O
were O
killed O
. O

The O
driver O
, O
aged O
51 O
, O
was O
arrested O
and O
charged O
on O
two O
counts O
of O
intoxicated O
manslaughter O
. O

A O
police O
spokesman O
said O
the O
straight O
, O
flat O
stretch O
of O
road O
was O
often O
used O
illegally O
as O
a O
drag O
strip O
by O
Dallas B-LOC
youths O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
warplanes O
, O
ships O
in O
Gulf B-LOC
await O
Clinton B-PER
order O
. O

Jim B-PER
Adams I-PER

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

More O
than O
300 O
U.S. B-LOC
warplanes O
and O
20 O
ships O
were O
available O
on O
Saturday O
in O
case O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
ordered O
the O
use O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
force O
against O
Iraqi B-MISC
military O
action O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
, O
U.S. B-LOC
defense O
officials O
said O
. O

They O
said O
200 O
fighter O
planes O
, O
including O
79 O
on O
the O
aircraft O
carrier O
Carl B-MISC
Vinson I-MISC
, O
were O
already O
in O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
; O
the O
aircraft O
carrier O
Enterprise B-MISC
was O
in O
the O
eastern O
Mediterranean B-MISC
with O
79 O
more O
, O
and O
an O
air O
expeditionary O
force O
with O
up O
to O
40 O
more O
was O
ready O
to O
fly O
from O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
if O
ordered O
. O

" O
Yesterday O
the O
president O
ordered O
the O
Department B-ORG
of I-ORG
Defense I-ORG
to O
take O
prudent O
planning O
steps O
to O
have O
forces O
ready O
to O
deploy O
to O
the O
region O
should O
he O
direct O
us O
to O
do O
so O
, O
" O
Pentagon B-ORG
spokesman O
Doug B-PER
Kennett I-PER
said O
. O
" O

We O
have O
taken O
those O
prudent O
planning O
steps O
. O
" O

Clinton B-PER
said O
on O
Saturday O
he O
had O
ordered O
U.S. B-LOC
forces O
in O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
to O
go O
on O
high O
alert O
and O
was O
reinforcing O
them O
in O
response O
to O
Iraqi B-MISC
attacks O
on O
Kurdish B-MISC
dissidents O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

" O
These O
developments O
... O
cause O
me O
grave O
concern O
, O
" O
Clinton B-PER
said O
at O
a O
campaign O
stop O
in O
Troy B-LOC
, O
Tennessee B-LOC
. O

But O
he O
added O
, O
" O
It O
is O
premature O
at O
this O
time O
, O
and O
I O
want O
to O
emphasize O
that O
, O
highly O
premature O
to O
speculate O
on O
any O
response O
we O
might O
have O
. O
" O

The O
U.S. B-LOC
defense O
officials O
said O
military O
flights O
to O
enforce O
no-fly O
zones O
in O
both O
northern O
and O
southern O
Iraq B-LOC
doubled O
over O
the O
weekend O
. O

Clinton B-PER
said O
Iraqi B-MISC
military O
forces O
overran O
the O
city O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
, O
which O
has O
been O
held O
since O
1994 O
by O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebels O
who O
Baghdad B-LOC
says O
are O
backed O
by O
Iran B-LOC
. O

There O
were O
unconfirmed O
reports O
that O
Iran B-LOC
had O
sent O
troops O
into O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
in O
response O
to O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
attack O
. O

U.S. B-LOC
plans O
rely O
heavily O
on O
U.S. B-LOC
air O
attacks O
on O
Iraqi B-MISC
forces O
, O
but O
there O
are O
also O
23,000 O
U.S. B-LOC
troops O
in O
the O
region O
, O
according O
to O
defense O
officials O
. O

In O
addition O
to O
the O
158 O
F B-MISC
/ I-MISC
A-18 I-MISC
, O
F-14 B-MISC
and O
other O
fighter O
planes O
on O
the O
aircraft O
carriers O
Vinson B-MISC
and O
Enterprise B-MISC
, O
the O
Air B-ORG
Force I-ORG
air O
expeditionary O
force O
of O
30 O
to O
40 O
F-15 B-MISC
and O
F-16 B-MISC
fighter O
planes O
and O
fuel O
tankers O
is O
ready O
to O
fly O
from O
three O
U.S. B-LOC
bases O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
they O
said O
. O

The O
expeditionary O
force O
would O
include O
nearly O
1,000 O
Air B-ORG
Force I-ORG
personnel O
in O
ground O
and O
support O
crews O
, O
they O
said O
. O

The O
23,000 O
U.S. B-LOC
military O
people O
already O
in O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
consist O
of O
15,000 O
sailors O
and O
Marines B-MISC
, O
6,000 O
U.S. B-LOC
servicemen O
based O
primarily O
in O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
and O
2,000 O
U.S. B-LOC
troops O
in O
the O
area O
for O
military O
exercises O
. O

Most O
of O
the O
Marines B-MISC
are O
on O
three O
ships O
in O
the O
Tarawa B-ORG
Amphibious I-ORG
Readiness I-ORG
Group I-ORG
. O

The O
Carl B-MISC
Vinson I-MISC
leads O
a O
battle O
group O
that O
includes O
seven O
other O
ships O
, O
and O
there O
are O
nine O
other O
U.S. B-LOC
ships O
in O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
for O
a O
total O
of O
20 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
missing O
Belgian B-MISC
teenagers O
found O
unharmed O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Two O
Belgian B-MISC
teenage O
girls O
missing O
since O
Thursday O
have O
been O
found O
unharmed O
, O
police O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

" O
The O
girls O
, O
Rachel B-PER
and O
Severine B-PER
, O
have O
been O
found O
. O

They O
are O
unharmed O
, O
" O
a O
police O
official O
in O
Liege B-LOC
said O
. O

He O
declined O
to O
say O
whether O
the O
girls O
had O
been O
kidnapped O
or O
whether O
they O
had O
gone O
away O
of O
their O
own O
accord O
. O

Late O
on O
Friday O
, O
the O
two O
girls O
-- O
Rachel B-PER
Legeard I-PER
, O
18 O
, O
and O
Severine B-PER
Potty I-PER
, O
19 O
-- O
were O
reported O
missing O
after O
failing O
to O
return O
home O
from O
a O
shopping O
trip O
to O
the O
eastern O
town O
of O
Liege B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

Earlier O
, O
police O
declined O
to O
comment O
on O
whether O
it O
suspected O
a O
link O
with O
the O
Marc B-PER
Dutroux I-PER
case O
, O
the O
paedophile O
kidnap O
, O
sex O
abuse O
and O
murder O
scandal O
which O
has O
rocked O
Belgium B-LOC
in O
the O
past O
two O
weeks O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Algeria B-LOC
restaurant O
bomb O
kills O
seven O
- O
newSpaper O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

A O
bomb O
explosion O
in O
a O
restaurant O
west O
of O
Algiers B-LOC
on O
Friday O
killed O
seven O
people O
, O
an O
Algerian B-MISC
newspaper O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Algerian B-MISC
security O
forces O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
two O
people O
were O
killed O
and O
six O
were O
wounded O
when O
a O
home-made O
bomb O
ripped O
through O
a O
restaurant O
in O
the O
coastal O
town O
of O
Staoueli B-LOC
. O

But O
Le B-ORG
Matin I-ORG
newspaper O
, O
quoting O
witnesses O
, O
said O
the O
bomb O
killed O
seven O
people O
and O
wounded O
20 O
. O

Liberte B-ORG
newspaper O
said O
the O
bomb O
was O
hidden O
in O
a O
bag O
in O
front O
of O
the O
restaurant O
and O
that O
a O
booby-trapped O
car O
was O
defused O
near O
the O
restaurant O
shortly O
before O
the O
bomb O
went O
off O
. O

A O
week O
ago O
a O
home-made O
bomb O
exploded O
in O
a O
market O
in O
the O
western O
coastal O
town O
of O
Bou B-LOC
Haroun I-LOC
, O
65 O
km O
( O
40 O
miles O
) O
from O
Algiers B-LOC
. O

Newspapers O
said O
it O
killed O
two O
women O
and O
five O
children O
. O

Algerian B-MISC
newspapers O
quoted O
the O
Human B-ORG
Rights I-ORG
National I-ORG
Observatory I-ORG
( O
ONDH B-ORG
) O
, O
a O
government-appointed O
watchdog O
, O
as O
saying O
earlier O
in O
August O
that O
about O
1,400 O
civilians O
had O
been O
killed O
in O
bomb O
attacks O
blamed O
on O
Moslem B-MISC
guerrillas O
in O
the O
past O
two O
years O
. O

An O
estimated O
50,000 O
people O
have O
died O
in O
Algeria B-LOC
's O
violence O
pitting O
Moslem B-MISC
rebels O
against O
government O
forces O
since O
early O
1992 O
when O
the O
authorities O
cancelled O
a O
general O
election O
in O
which O
radical O
Islamists B-MISC
had O
taken O
a O
commanding O
lead O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iran B-LOC
agents O
stormed O
German B-MISC
diplomat O
's O
home O
-- O
Bonn B-LOC
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Iranian B-MISC
security O
forces O
burst O
into O
the O
home O
of O
a O
German B-MISC
cultural O
attache O
in O
Tehran B-LOC
a O
month O
ago O
and O
seized O
his O
guests O
for O
questioning O
, O
Bonn B-LOC
's O
foreign O
ministry O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

A O
spokesman O
said O
he O
could O
substantially O
confirm O
a O
report O
in O
the O
news O
weekly O
Der B-ORG
Spiegel I-ORG
, O
which O
said O
Iranian B-MISC
secret O
police O
burst O
in O
while O
attache O
Jens B-PER
Gust I-PER
was O
entertaining O
six O
Iranian B-MISC
writers O
and O
their O
wives O
. O

Gust B-PER
was O
threatened O
with O
violence O
, O
then O
locked O
into O
a O
room O
to O
be O
interrogated O
on O
suspicion O
of O
" O
promoting O
activities O
hostile O
to O
the O
state O
" O
while O
his O
guests O
were O
taken O
away O
, O
the O
magazine O
said O
. O

The O
ministry O
spokesman O
said O
the O
German B-MISC
embassy O
immediately O
made O
a O
sharp O
protest O
to O
the O
Tehran B-LOC
government O
. O

The O
Iranian B-MISC
ambassador O
was O
also O
summoned O
to O
the O
ministry O
in O
Bonn B-LOC
to O
hear O
a O
sharp O
protest O
and O
" O
disapproval O
of O
this O
glaring O
breach O
of O
the O
principles O
of O
international O
law O
" O
, O
he O
added O
. O

Iran B-LOC
subsequently O
said O
it O
regretted O
the O
incident O
, O
which O
it O
said O
had O
been O
the O
result O
of O
a O
misunderstanding O
. O

All O
those O
detained O
appeared O
to O
have O
been O
freed O
, O
the O
spokesman O
said O
. O

Relations O
between O
the O
two O
countries O
are O
currently O
under O
strain O
because O
of O
the O
testimony O
in O
a O
Berlin B-LOC
court O
of O
former O
Iranian B-MISC
president O
Abolhassan B-PER
Banisadr I-PER
. O

Banisadr B-PER
, O
an O
avowed O
opponent O
of O
the O
Tehran B-LOC
government O
who O
now O
lives O
in O
exile O
, O
accused O
top O
Iranian B-MISC
leaders O
of O
personally O
ordering O
the O
assassination O
of O
three O
exiled O
Kurdish B-MISC
leaders O
in O
a O
Berlin B-LOC
restaurant O
in O
1992 O
. O

Iran B-LOC
has O
asked O
Germany B-LOC
to O
extradite O
Banisadr B-PER
, O
who O
is O
due O
is O
due O
back O
in O
Berlin B-LOC
next O
Thursday O
to O
continue O
his O
testimony O
. O

Banisadr B-PER
, O
who O
received O
political O
asylum O
in O
France B-LOC
after O
fleeing O
there O
in O
1981 O
, O
told O
Der B-ORG
Spiegel I-ORG
he O
did O
not O
plan O
to O
ask O
for O
a O
guarantee O
of O
safe O
conduct O
. O

If O
Germany B-LOC
were O
to O
extradite O
him O
, O
he O
said O
, O
it O
would O
" O
lose O
face O
before O
the O
whole O
world O
" O
. O

German B-MISC
prosecutors O
have O
already O
accused O
Iran B-LOC
's O
intelligence O
minister O
Ali B-PER
Fallahiyan I-PER
of O
ordering O
the O
killing O
of O
the O
Kurdish B-MISC
leaders O
. O

Iran B-LOC
, O
which O
denies O
the O
allegations O
, O
urged O
German B-MISC
authorities O
to O
disregard O
Banisadr B-PER
's O
testimony O
and O
said O
it O
could O
hurt O
relations O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Italy B-LOC
's O
Dini B-PER
meets O
Burundi B-LOC
negotiator O
Nyerere B-PER
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Italian B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Lamberto B-PER
Dini I-PER
on O
Saturday O
met O
former O
Tanzanian B-MISC
president O
Julius B-PER
Nyerere I-PER
, O
the O
international O
negotiator O
for O
Burundi B-LOC
, O
the O
ministry O
said O
. O

Nyerere B-PER
arrived O
in O
Rome B-LOC
this O
week O
on O
a O
private O
visit O
and O
held O
talks O
with O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
special O
envoy O
to O
Burundi B-LOC
, O
Howard B-PER
Wolpe I-PER
, O
and O
the O
Sant B-ORG
' I-ORG
Egidio I-ORG
Community I-ORG
, O
an O
Italian B-MISC
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
organisation O
which O
has O
been O
monitoring O
Burundi B-LOC
closely O
. O

" O
( O
Nyerere B-PER
) O
informed O
Minister O
Dini B-PER
of O
the O
latest O
developments O
in O
the O
( O
Great B-LOC
Lakes I-LOC
) O
region O
, O
with O
particular O
respect O
to O
Burundi B-LOC
following O
the O
military O
coup O
d'etat O
on O
July O
25 O
, O
" O
the O
ministry O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

It O
gave O
no O
details O
of O
their O
talks O
. O

Nyerere B-PER
was O
due O
to O
be O
presented O
with O
an O
" O
Artisans B-MISC
for I-MISC
Peace I-MISC
" O
prize O
by O
the O
Lay B-ORG
Volunteers I-ORG
' I-ORG
International I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
on O
Sunday O
. O

He O
leaves O
Rome B-LOC
on O
Monday O
. O

The O
U.N. B-ORG
Security I-ORG
Council I-ORG
on O
Friday O
condemned O
the O
coup O
by O
retired O
Tutsi B-MISC
major O
Pierre B-PER
Buyoya I-PER
and O
for O
the O
first O
time O
said O
in O
a O
resolution O
it O
intended O
to O
pressure O
Buyoya B-PER
into O
unconditional O
negotiations O
with O
all O
parties O
and O
factions O
" O
without O
exception O
" O
. O

Buyoya B-PER
on O
Saturday O
dismissed O
its O
threat O
of O
an O
arms O
embargo O
against O
Burundi B-LOC
and O
flatly O
ruled O
out O
talks O
with O
Hutu B-MISC
rebels O
. O

Some O
150,000 O
people O
-- O
mostly O
civilians O
-- O
have O
died O
in O
Burundi B-LOC
since O
1993 O
when O
the O
country O
's O
first O
democratically O
elected O
Hutu B-MISC
president O
was O
killed O
in O
an O
attempted O
army O
coup O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nato O
declines O
comment O
on O
fighting O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

The O
North B-ORG
Atlantic I-ORG
Treaty I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
's O
spokesman O
on O
Saturday O
declined O
all O
comment O
on O
reports O
of O
armed O
conflict O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

But O
a O
NATO B-ORG
official O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
: O
" O
We O
are O
watching O
the O
situation O
closely O
. O
" O

Earlier O
on O
Saturday O
, O
an O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurd I-MISC
leader O
said O
both O
Iraqi B-MISC
troops O
and O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
KDP B-ORG
) O
forces O
were O
attacking O
the O
city O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

More O
automatic O
weapons O
stolen O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

More O
than O
10 O
weapons O
, O
including O
automatic O
Kalashnikov B-MISC
rifles O
, O
were O
stolen O
from O
an O
arms O
store O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
police O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

A O
policeman O
in O
the O
southern O
Belgian B-MISC
town O
of O
Chatelet B-LOC
told O
Reuters B-ORG
that O
thieves O
used O
a O
car O
to O
ram O
the O
window O
of O
an O
arms O
store O
in O
neighbouring O
Chatelineaux B-LOC
last O
night O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second O
arms O
robbery O
this O
week O
. O

On O
Tuesday O
, O
thieves O
stole O
about O
40 O
forearms O
from O
a O
shooting O
range O
in O
southern O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
including O
Kalashnikov B-MISC
, O
Uzi B-MISC
and O
Fal B-MISC
automatic O
weapons O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

No O
trace O
of O
two O
missing O
teenagers O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Belgian B-MISC
police O
said O
on O
Saturday O
they O
had O
found O
no O
trace O
of O
two O
teenage O
girls O
reported O
missing O
during O
a O
shopping O
trip O
three O
days O
ago O
. O

" O
There O
is O
no O
trace O
so O
far O
, O
the O
enquiry O
is O
continuing O
, O
" O
a O
Liege B-LOC
police O
official O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Late O
on O
Friday O
, O
Liege B-LOC
police O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
on O
Thursday O
, O
Rachel B-PER
Legeard I-PER
, O
18 O
, O
and O
Severine B-PER
Potty I-PER
, O
19 O
, O
had O
gone O
shopping O
to O
the O
eastern O
town O
of O
Liege B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
, O
where O
Legeard B-PER
's O
wallet O
had O
been O
stolen O
. O

After O
reporting O
the O
theft O
to O
the O
police O
, O
they O
took O
a O
bus O
home O
and O
reportedly O
got O
off O
the O
bus O
before O
arriving O
in O
their O
home O
village O
of O
Nandrin B-LOC
. O

They O
have O
not O
been O
seen O
since O
. O

Police O
declined O
to O
comment O
on O
whether O
it O
suspected O
a O
link O
with O
the O
Marc B-PER
Dutroux I-PER
case O
, O
the O
paedophile O
kidnap O
, O
sex O
abuse O
and O
murder O
scandal O
which O
has O
rocked O
Belgium B-LOC
in O
the O
past O
two O
weeks O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Controversial O
IRA B-ORG
film O
screened O
at O
Venice B-LOC
festival O
. O

Vera B-PER
Haller I-PER

VENICE O
, O
Italy B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Dublin-born O
director O
Neil B-PER
Jordan I-PER
says O
he O
never O
lost O
more O
sleep O
over O
a O
film O
than O
over O
" O
Michael B-MISC
Collins I-MISC
" O
, O
his O
controversial O
epic O
about O
the O
IRA B-ORG
which O
has O
its O
premiere O
on O
Saturday O
at O
the O
Venice B-MISC
Film I-MISC
Festival I-MISC
. O

The O
film O
, O
starring O
Liam B-PER
Neeson I-PER
and O
Julia B-PER
Roberts I-PER
, O
recounts O
the O
life O
of O
Michael B-PER
Collins I-PER
, O
the O
Irish B-ORG
Republican I-ORG
Army I-ORG
's O
Director O
of O
Intelligence O
who O
fought O
for O
Irish B-MISC
independence O
from O
1919 O
to O
1921 O
. O

Although O
not O
due O
for O
release O
in O
Britain B-LOC
until O
early O
next O
year O
, O
some O
politicians O
have O
already O
said O
they O
feared O
it O
would O
fan O
sectarian O
tensions O
in O
British-ruled B-MISC
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
. O

Jordan B-PER
defends O
his O
decision O
to O
make O
the O
film O
, O
whose O
screenplay O
he O
wrote O
himself O
after O
years O
of O
research O
, O
saying O
it O
was O
" O
more O
about O
history O
than O
any O
political O
statement O
" O
. O

" O
The O
film O
spares O
neither O
the O
Irish B-MISC
nor O
the O
British B-MISC
in O
its O
depiction O
of O
the O
savagery O
of O
the O
time O
, O
" O
Jordan B-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
released O
by O
Warner B-ORG
Bros I-ORG
. O
" O

How O
often O
has O
independence O
been O
achieved O
without O
bloodshed O
? O

Very O
rarely O
. O
" O

Jordan B-PER
, O
whose O
1992 O
film O
" O
The B-MISC
Crying I-MISC
Game I-MISC
" O
also O
came O
under O
fire O
for O
what O
was O
perceived O
as O
a O
sympathetic O
portrayal O
of O
the O
IRA B-ORG
, O
said O
Collins B-PER
was O
more O
than O
just O
a O
revolutionary O
. O

" O
He O
developed O
techniques O
of O
guerilla O
warfare O
later O
copied O
by O
independence O
movements O
around O
the O
world O
, O
from O
Mao B-PER
Tse-Tung I-PER
in O
China B-LOC
to O
Yitzak B-PER
Shamir I-PER
in O
Israel B-LOC
, O
" O
Jordan B-PER
said O
. O

" O
Collins B-PER
would O
never O
be O
a O
proponent O
of O
contemporary O
terrorism O
as O
practised O
today O
. O

He O
was O
a O
soldier O
and O
a O
statesman O
and O
, O
over O
time O
, O
a O
man O
of O
peace O
. O
" O

Leeson B-PER
, O
the O
Northern B-MISC
Ireland-born I-MISC
actor O
who O
was O
nominated O
for O
an O
Oscar B-PER
for O
best O
actor O
for O
his O
performance O
in O
" O
Schindler B-MISC
's I-MISC
List I-MISC
" O
, O
plays O
the O
lead O
role O
in O
Jordan B-PER
's O
film O
. O

Aidan B-PER
Quinn I-PER
portrays O
Harry B-PER
Boland I-PER
, O
Collins B-PER
' O
best O
friend O
, O
and O
rival O
for O
the O
love O
of O
Kitty B-PER
Kiernan I-PER
, O
played O
by O
Roberts B-PER
. O

Much O
of O
the O
film O
was O
shot O
on O
location O
in O
Dublin B-LOC
with O
Jordan B-PER
using O
thousands O
of O
its O
citizens O
as O
unpaid O
extras O
. O

A O
set O
, O
however O
, O
was O
used O
for O
the O
fighting O
scenes O
. O

Noting O
that O
information O
about O
Collins B-PER
was O
" O
as O
mysterious O
as O
the O
existence O
he O
maintained O
" O
, O
Jordan B-PER
said O
he O
made O
some O
historical O
assumptions O
in O
the O
film O
. O

" O
I O
have O
made O
choices O
about O
certain O
events O
based O
on O
my O
own O
extensive O
research O
into O
his O
letters O
and O
reported O
speeches O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

I O
wanted O
to O
make O
this O
a O
story O
as O
accurate O
as O
possible O
without O
killing O
it O
dramatically O
and O
I O
think O
I O
have O
. O

It O
is O
a O
very O
true O
film O
. O
" O

One O
of O
the O
assumptions O
is O
his O
interpretation O
of O
the O
murky O
circumstances O
surrounding O
the O
shooting O
death O
of O
Collins B-PER
, O
who O
had O
broken O
with O
his O
comrades O
when O
he O
sought O
a O
negotiated O
settlement O
with O
Britain B-LOC
, O
in O
an O
ambush O
in O
1922 O
. O

" O
I O
have O
never O
lost O
more O
sleep O
over O
the O
making O
of O
a O
film O
than O
I O
have O
over O
' O
Michael B-MISC
Collins I-MISC
' O
, O
but O
I O
'll O
never O
make O
a O
more O
important O
one O
, O
" O
Jordan B-PER
said O
. O

" O
In O
the O
life O
of O
one O
person O
you O
can O
tell O
the O
events O
that O
formed O
the O
north O
and O
south O
of O
Ireland B-LOC
as O
they O
are O
today O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Dhaka B-LOC
stocks O
seen O
steady O
in O
absence O
of O
big O
players O
. O

DHAKA B-LOC
1996-08-31 O

Shares O
on O
the O
Dhaka B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
DSE B-ORG
) O
may O
remain O
steady O
as O
small O
investors O
are O
expected O
to O
target O
mainly O
blue O
chips O
while O
overseas O
investors O
will O
prefer O
to O
keep O
to O
the O
sidelines O
when O
the O
market O
reopens O
after O
Moslem B-MISC
Friday O
weekend O
, O
brokers O
said O
. O

" O
The O
market O
is O
expected O
to O
remain O
steady O
. O

There O
will O
be O
both O
buying O
and O
selling O
pressure O
, O
" O
said O
broker O
Shakil B-PER
Rizvi I-PER
. O

Broker O
Khurshid B-PER
Alam I-PER
said O
: O
" O
The O
market O
sentiment O
will O
remain O
strong O
. O

But O
the O
prices O
may O
move O
in O
a O
close O
range O
following O
a O
continued O
market O
uptrend O
. O
" O

Brokers O
said O
blue O
chips O
like O
IDLC B-ORG
, O
Bangladesh B-ORG
Lamps I-ORG
, O
Chittagong B-ORG
Cement I-ORG
and O
Atlas B-ORG
Bangladesh I-ORG
were O
expected O
to O
rise O
. O

They O
said O
there O
was O
still O
demand O
for O
blue O
chips O
in O
engineering O
sector O
despite O
their O
persistent O
rise O
over O
the O
past O
several O
sessions O
. O

The O
DSE B-ORG
all O
share O
price O
index O
closed O
2.73 O
points O
or O
0.22 O
percent O
up O
at O
1,196.35 O
on O
a O
turnover O
of O
133.7 O
million O
taka O
on O
Thursday O
. O

-- O
Dhaka B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
880-2-506363 O



================================================
FILE: dataset/CONLL/test.txt
================================================
SOCCER O
- O
JAPAN B-LOC
GET O
LUCKY O
WIN O
, O
CHINA B-PER
IN O
SURPRISE O
DEFEAT O
. O

Nadim B-PER
Ladki I-PER

AL-AIN B-LOC
, O
United B-LOC
Arab I-LOC
Emirates I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Japan B-LOC
began O
the O
defence O
of O
their O
Asian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
title O
with O
a O
lucky O
2-1 O
win O
against O
Syria B-LOC
in O
a O
Group O
C O
championship O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

But O
China B-LOC
saw O
their O
luck O
desert O
them O
in O
the O
second O
match O
of O
the O
group O
, O
crashing O
to O
a O
surprise O
2-0 O
defeat O
to O
newcomers O
Uzbekistan B-LOC
. O

China B-LOC
controlled O
most O
of O
the O
match O
and O
saw O
several O
chances O
missed O
until O
the O
78th O
minute O
when O
Uzbek B-MISC
striker O
Igor B-PER
Shkvyrin I-PER
took O
advantage O
of O
a O
misdirected O
defensive O
header O
to O
lob O
the O
ball O
over O
the O
advancing O
Chinese B-MISC
keeper O
and O
into O
an O
empty O
net O
. O

Oleg B-PER
Shatskiku I-PER
made O
sure O
of O
the O
win O
in O
injury O
time O
, O
hitting O
an O
unstoppable O
left O
foot O
shot O
from O
just O
outside O
the O
area O
. O

The O
former O
Soviet B-MISC
republic O
was O
playing O
in O
an O
Asian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
finals O
tie O
for O
the O
first O
time O
. O

Despite O
winning O
the O
Asian B-MISC
Games I-MISC
title O
two O
years O
ago O
, O
Uzbekistan B-LOC
are O
in O
the O
finals O
as O
outsiders O
. O

Two O
goals O
from O
defensive O
errors O
in O
the O
last O
six O
minutes O
allowed O
Japan B-LOC
to O
come O
from O
behind O
and O
collect O
all O
three O
points O
from O
their O
opening O
meeting O
against O
Syria B-LOC
. O

Takuya B-PER
Takagi I-PER
scored O
the O
winner O
in O
the O
88th O
minute O
, O
rising O
to O
head O
a O
Hiroshige B-PER
Yanagimoto I-PER
cross O
towards O
the O
Syrian B-MISC
goal O
which O
goalkeeper O
Salem B-PER
Bitar I-PER
appeared O
to O
have O
covered O
but O
then O
allowed O
to O
slip O
into O
the O
net O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second O
costly O
blunder O
by O
Syria B-LOC
in O
four O
minutes O
. O

Defender O
Hassan B-PER
Abbas I-PER
rose O
to O
intercept O
a O
long O
ball O
into O
the O
area O
in O
the O
84th O
minute O
but O
only O
managed O
to O
divert O
it O
into O
the O
top O
corner O
of O
Bitar B-PER
's O
goal O
. O

Nader B-PER
Jokhadar I-PER
had O
given O
Syria B-LOC
the O
lead O
with O
a O
well-struck O
header O
in O
the O
seventh O
minute O
. O

Japan B-LOC
then O
laid O
siege O
to O
the O
Syrian B-MISC
penalty O
area O
for O
most O
of O
the O
game O
but O
rarely O
breached O
the O
Syrian B-MISC
defence O
. O

Bitar B-PER
pulled O
off O
fine O
saves O
whenever O
they O
did O
. O

Japan B-LOC
coach O
Shu B-PER
Kamo I-PER
said O
: O
' O
' O
The O
Syrian B-MISC
own O
goal O
proved O
lucky O
for O
us O
. O

The O
Syrians B-MISC
scored O
early O
and O
then O
played O
defensively O
and O
adopted O
long O
balls O
which O
made O
it O
hard O
for O
us O
. O
' O

' O

Japan B-LOC
, O
co-hosts O
of O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
in O
2002 O
and O
ranked O
20th O
in O
the O
world O
by O
FIFA B-ORG
, O
are O
favourites O
to O
regain O
their O
title O
here O
. O

Hosts O
UAE B-LOC
play O
Kuwait B-LOC
and O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
take O
on O
Indonesia B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
in O
Group O
A O
matches O
. O

All O
four O
teams O
are O
level O
with O
one O
point O
each O
from O
one O
game O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
CUTTITTA B-PER
BACK O
FOR O
ITALY B-LOC
AFTER O
A O
YEAR O
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Italy B-LOC
recalled O
Marcello B-PER
Cuttitta I-PER

on O
Friday O
for O
their O
friendly O
against O
Scotland B-LOC
at O
Murrayfield B-LOC
more O
than O
a O
year O
after O
the O
30-year-old O
wing O
announced O
he O
was O
retiring O
following O
differences O
over O
selection O
. O

Cuttitta B-PER
, O
who O
trainer O
George B-PER
Coste I-PER
said O
was O
certain O
to O
play O
on O
Saturday O
week O
, O
was O
named O
in O
a O
21-man O
squad O
lacking O
only O
two O
of O
the O
team O
beaten O
54-21 O
by O
England B-LOC
at O
Twickenham B-LOC
last O
month O
. O

Stefano B-PER
Bordon I-PER
is O
out O
through O
illness O
and O
Coste B-PER
said O
he O
had O
dropped O
back O
row O
Corrado B-PER
Covi I-PER
, O
who O
had O
been O
recalled O
for O
the O
England B-LOC
game O
after O
five O
years O
out O
of O
the O
national O
team O
. O

Cuttitta B-PER
announced O
his O
retirement O
after O
the O
1995 B-MISC
World I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
where O
he O
took O
issue O
with O
being O
dropped O
from O
the O
Italy B-LOC
side O
that O
faced O
England B-LOC
in O
the O
pool O
stages O
. O

Coste B-PER
said O
he O
had O
approached O
the O
player O
two O
months O
ago O
about O
a O
comeback O
. O

" O
He O
ended O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
on O
the O
wrong O
note O
, O
" O
Coste B-PER
said O
. O

" O
I O
thought O
it O
would O
be O
useful O
to O
have O
him O
back O
and O
he O
said O
he O
would O
be O
available O
. O

I O
think O
now O
is O
the O
right O
time O
for O
him O
to O
return O
. O
" O

Squad O
: O
Javier B-PER
Pertile I-PER
, O
Paolo B-PER
Vaccari I-PER
, O
Marcello B-PER
Cuttitta I-PER
, O
Ivan B-PER
Francescato I-PER
, O
Leandro B-PER
Manteri I-PER
, O
Diego B-PER
Dominguez I-PER
, O
Francesco B-PER
Mazzariol I-PER
, O
Alessandro B-PER
Troncon I-PER
, O
Orazio B-PER
Arancio I-PER
, O
Andrea B-PER
Sgorlon I-PER
, O
Massimo B-PER
Giovanelli I-PER
, O
Carlo B-PER
Checchinato I-PER
, O
Walter B-PER
Cristofoletto I-PER
, O
Franco B-PER
Properzi I-PER
Curti I-PER
, O
Carlo B-PER
Orlandi I-PER
, O
Massimo B-PER
Cuttitta I-PER
, O
Giambatista B-PER
Croci I-PER
, O
Gianluca B-PER
Guidi I-PER
, O
Nicola B-PER
Mazzucato I-PER
, O
Alessandro B-PER
Moscardi I-PER
, O
Andrea B-PER
Castellani I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
LATE O
GOALS O
GIVE O
JAPAN B-LOC
WIN O
OVER O
SYRIA B-LOC
. O

AL-AIN B-LOC
, O
United B-LOC
Arab I-LOC
Emirates I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Two O
goals O
in O
the O
last O
six O
minutes O
gave O
holders O
Japan B-LOC
an O
uninspiring O
2-1 O
Asian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
victory O
over O
Syria B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

Takuya B-PER
Takagi I-PER
headed O
the O
winner O
in O
the O
88th O
minute O
of O
the O
group O
C O
game O
after O
goalkeeper O
Salem B-PER
Bitar I-PER
spoiled O
a O
mistake-free O
display O
by O
allowing O
the O
ball O
to O
slip O
under O
his O
body O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second O
Syrian B-MISC
defensive O
blunder O
in O
four O
minutes O
. O

Defender O
Hassan B-PER
Abbas I-PER
rose O
to O
intercept O
a O
long O
ball O
into O
the O
area O
in O
the O
84th O
minute O
but O
only O
managed O
to O
divert O
it O
into O
the O
top O
corner O
of O
Bitar B-PER
's O
goal O
. O

Syria B-LOC
had O
taken O
the O
lead O
from O
their O
first O
serious O
attack O
in O
the O
seventh O
minute O
. O

Nader B-PER
Jokhadar I-PER
headed O
a O
cross O
from O
the O
right O
by O
Ammar B-PER
Awad I-PER
into O
the O
top O
right O
corner O
of O
Kenichi B-PER
Shimokawa I-PER
's O
goal O
. O

Japan B-LOC
then O
laid O
siege O
to O
the O
Syrian B-MISC
penalty O
area O
and O
had O
a O
goal O
disallowed O
for O
offside O
in O
the O
16th O
minute O
. O

A O
minute O
later O
, O
Bitar B-PER
produced O
a O
good O
double O
save O
, O
first O
from O
Kazuyoshi B-PER
Miura I-PER
's O
header O
and O
then O
blocked O
a O
Takagi B-PER
follow-up O
shot O
. O

Bitar B-PER
saved O
well O
again O
from O
Miura B-PER
in O
the O
37th O
minute O
, O
parrying O
away O
his O
header O
from O
a O
corner O
. O

Japan B-LOC
started O
the O
second O
half O
brightly O
but O
Bitar B-PER
denied O
them O
an O
equaliser O
when O
he O
dived O
to O
his O
right O
to O
save O
Naoki B-PER
Soma I-PER
's O
low O
drive O
in O
the O
53rd O
minute O
. O

Japan B-LOC
: O
19 O
- O
Kenichi B-PER
Shimokawa I-PER
, O
2 O
- O
Hiroshige B-PER
Yanagimoto I-PER
, O
3 O
- O
Naoki B-PER
Soma I-PER
, O
4 O
- O
Masami B-PER
Ihara I-PER
, O
5 O
- O
Norio B-PER
Omura I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Motohiro B-PER
Yamaguchi I-PER
, O
8 O
- O
Masakiyo B-PER
Maezono I-PER
( O
7 O
- O
Yasuto B-PER
Honda I-PER
71 O
) O
, O
9 O
- O
Takuya B-PER
Takagi I-PER
, O
10 O
- O
Hiroshi B-PER
Nanami I-PER
, O
11 O
- O
Kazuyoshi B-PER
Miura I-PER
, O
15 O
- O
Hiroaki B-PER
Morishima I-PER
( O
14 O
- O
Masayuki B-PER
Okano I-PER
75 O
) O
. O

Syria B-LOC
: O
24 O
- O
Salem B-PER
Bitar I-PER
, O
3 O
- O
Bachar B-PER
Srour I-PER
; O
4 O
- O
Hassan B-PER
Abbas I-PER
, O
5 O
- O
Tarek B-PER
Jabban I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Ammar B-PER
Awad I-PER
( O
9 O
- O
Louay B-PER
Taleb I-PER
69 O
) O
, O
8 O
- O
Nihad B-PER
al-Boushi I-PER
, O
10 O
- O
Mohammed B-PER
Afash I-PER
, O
12 O
- O
Ali B-PER
Dib I-PER
, O
13 O
- O
Abdul B-PER
Latif I-PER
Helou I-PER
( O
17 O
- O
Ammar B-PER
Rihawiy I-PER
46 O
) O
, O
14 O
- O
Khaled B-PER
Zaher I-PER
; O
16 O
- O
Nader B-PER
Jokhadar I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FREESTYLE O
SKIING-WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
MOGUL O
RESULTS O
. O

TIGNES B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Results O
of O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC

freestyle O
skiing O
moguls O
competition O
on O
Friday O
: O

Men O

1. O
Jesper B-PER
Ronnback I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
25.76 O
points O

2. O
Andrei B-PER
Ivanov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
24.88 O

3. O
Ryan B-PER
Johnson I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
24.57 O

4. O
Jean-Luc B-PER
Brassard I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
24.40 O

5. O
Korneilus B-PER
Hole I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
23.92 O

6. O
Jeremie B-PER
Collomb-Patton I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
23.87 O

7. O
Jim B-PER
Moran I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
23.25 O

8. O
Dominick B-PER
Gauthier I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
22.73 O

9. O
Johann B-PER
Gregoire I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
22.58 O

10. O
Troy B-PER
Benson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
22.56 O

Women O

1. O
Tatjana B-PER
Mittermayer I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
24.32 O

2. O
Candice B-PER
Gilg I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
24.31 O

3. O
Minna B-PER
Karhu I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
24.05 O

4. O
Tae B-PER
Satoya I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
23.75 O

5. O
Ann B-PER
Battellle I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
23.56 O

6. O
Donna B-PER
Weinbrecht I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
22.48 O

7. O
Liz B-PER
McIntyre I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
22.00 O

8. O
Elena B-PER
Koroleva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
21.77 O

9. O
Ljudmila B-PER
Dymchenko I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
21.59 O

10. O
Katleen B-PER
Allais I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
21.58 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ASIAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
GROUP O
C O
RESULTS O
. O

AL-AIN B-LOC
, O
United B-LOC
Arab I-LOC
Emirates I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Results O
of O
Asian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
group O
C O
matches O
played O
on O
Friday O
: O

Japan B-LOC
2 O
Syria B-LOC
1 O
( O
halftime O
0-1 O
) O

Scorers O
: O

Japan B-LOC
- O
Hassan B-PER
Abbas I-PER
84 O
own O
goal O
, O
Takuya B-PER
Takagi I-PER
88 O
. O

Syria B-LOC
- O
Nader B-PER
Jokhadar I-PER
7 O

Attendance O
: O
10,000 O
. O

China B-LOC
0 O
Uzbekistan B-LOC
2 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O
Shkvyrin B-PER
Igor I-PER
78 O
, O
Shatskikh B-PER
Oleg I-PER
90 O

Attendence O
: O
3,000 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Uzbekistan B-LOC
1 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
3 O

Japan B-LOC
1 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O

Syria B-LOC
1 O
0 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
0 O

China B-LOC
1 O
0 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
V O
NEW B-LOC
ZEALAND I-LOC
ONE-DAY O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

[ O
CORRECTED O
14:06 O
GMT B-MISC
] O

SIALKOT B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Scoreboard O
in O
the O
second O

one-day O
cricket O
international O
between O
Pakistan B-LOC
and O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC

on O
Friday O
: O

Pakistan B-LOC

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
run O
out O
91 O
( O
corrects O
from O
90 O
) O

Zahoor B-PER
Elahi I-PER
b O
Cairns B-PER
86 O
( O
corrects O
from O
87 O
) O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmad I-PER
c O
Spearman B-PER
b O
Vaughan B-PER
59 O

Inzamamul B-PER
Haq I-PER
st O
Germon B-PER
b O
Astle B-PER
2 O

Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
b O
Harris B-PER
4 O

Shahid B-PER
Afridi I-PER
b O
Harris B-PER
2 O

Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
c O
Astle B-PER
b O
Harris B-PER
1 O

Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
st O
Germon B-PER
b O
Harris B-PER
0 O

Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
b O
Harris B-PER
2 O

Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmad I-PER
not O
out O
5 O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
not O
out O
1 O

Extras O
( O
lb-8 O
nb-2 O
w-14 O
) O
24 O

Total O
( O
for O
9 O
wickets O
in O
47 O
overs O
) O
277 O

Fall O
of O
wicket O
: O
1-177 O
( O
corrects O
from O
1-178 O
) O
2-225 O
3-240 O
4-247 O
5-252 O
6-260 O
7-261 O
8-269 O
9-276 O

Bowling O
: O
Doull B-PER
8-1-60-0 O
( O
w-3 O
) O
, O
Kennedy B-PER
3-0-24-0 O
( O
w-7 O
nb-1 O
) O
, O

Cairns B-PER
8-1-35-1 O
( O
w-2 O
) O
, O
Vaughan B-PER
9-1-55-1 O
, O
Harris B-PER
10-0-42-5 O
( O
w-1 O
) O
, O

Astle B-PER
9-0-53-1 O
( O
w-1 O
nb-1 O
) O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
innings O

B. B-PER
Young I-PER
c O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Waqar B-PER
5 O

C. B-PER
Spearman I-PER
c O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
0 O

A. B-PER
Parore I-PER
c O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmad I-PER
b O
Saqlain B-PER
37 O

S. B-PER
Fleming I-PER
c O
and O
b O
Afridi B-PER
88 O

C. B-PER
Cairns I-PER
b O
Saqlain B-PER
10 O

N. B-PER
Astle I-PER
c O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmad I-PER
b O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
20 O

C. B-PER
Harris I-PER
lbw O
b O
Wasim B-PER
22 O

L. B-PER
Germon I-PER
lbw O
b O
Afridi B-PER
2 O

J. B-PER
Vaughan I-PER
c O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
13 O

S. B-PER
Doull I-PER
c O
subs O
( O
M. B-PER
Wasim I-PER
) O
b O
Waqar B-PER
1 O

R. B-PER
Kennedy I-PER
not O
out O
7 O

Extras O
( O
b-9 O
lb-3 O
w-12 O
nb-2 O
) O
26 O

Total O
( O
all O
out O
in O
42.1 O
overs O
) O
231 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-3 O
2-7 O
3-125 O
4-146 O
5-170 O
6-190 O
7-195 O

8-213 O
9-216 O
. O

Bowling O
: O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
8.1-0-43-3 O
( O
9w O
, O
1nb O
) O
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER

6-0-32-2 O
( O
2w O
, O
1nb O
) O
, O
Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
8-0-54-2 O
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmad I-PER

10-0-42-0 O
( O
1w O
) O
, O
Shahid B-PER
Afridi I-PER
7-0-40-2 O
, O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
2.5-0-8-1 O
, O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmad I-PER
0.1-0-0-0 O
. O

Result O
: O
Pakistan B-LOC
won O
by O
46 O
runs O
. O

Third O
one-day O
match O
: O
December O
8 O
, O
in O
Karachi B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
F.A. I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
SECOND O
ROUND O
RESULT O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Result O
of O
an O
English B-MISC
F.A. I-MISC
Challenge I-MISC

Cup B-MISC
second O
round O
match O
on O
Friday O
: O

Plymouth B-ORG
4 O
Exeter B-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BLINKER B-PER
BAN O
LIFTED O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Dutch B-MISC
forward O
Reggie B-PER
Blinker I-PER
had O
his O
indefinite O
suspension O
lifted O
by O
FIFA B-ORG
on O
Friday O
and O
was O
set O
to O
make O
his O
Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
comeback O
against O
Liverpool B-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

Blinker B-PER
missed O
his O
club O
's O
last O
two O
games O
after O
FIFA B-ORG
slapped O
a O
worldwide O
ban O
on O
him O
for O
appearing O
to O
sign O
contracts O
for O
both O
Wednesday B-ORG
and O
Udinese B-ORG
while O
he O
was O
playing O
for O
Feyenoord B-ORG
. O

FIFA B-ORG
's O
players O
' O
status O
committee O
, O
meeting O
in O
Barcelona B-LOC
, O
decided O
that O
although O
the O
Udinese B-ORG
document O
was O
basically O
valid O
, O
it O
could O
not O
be O
legally O
protected O
. O

The O
committee O
said O
the O
Italian B-MISC
club O
had O
violated O
regulations O
by O
failing O
to O
inform O
Feyenoord B-ORG
, O
with O
whom O
the O
player O
was O
under O
contract O
. O

Blinker B-PER
was O
fined O
75,000 O
Swiss B-MISC
francs O
( O
$ O
57,600 O
) O
for O
failing O
to O
inform O
the O
Engllsh B-MISC
club O
of O
his O
previous O
commitment O
to O
Udinese B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
LEEDS B-ORG
' O
BOWYER B-PER
FINED O
FOR O
PART O
IN O
FAST-FOOD O
FRACAS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Leeds B-ORG
' O
England B-LOC
under-21 O
striker O
Lee B-PER
Bowyer I-PER
was O
fined O
4,500 O
pounds O
( O
$ O
7,400 O
) O
on O
Friday O
for O
hurling O
chairs O
at O
restaurant O
staff O
during O
a O
disturbance O
at O
a O
McDonald B-ORG
's I-ORG
fast-food O
restaurant O
. O

Bowyer B-PER
, O
19 O
, O
who O
was O
caught O
in O
the O
act O
by O
security O
cameras O
, O
pleaded O
guilty O
to O
a O
charge O
of O
affray O
at O
a O
court O
in O
London B-LOC
. O

He O
was O
fined O
and O
ordered O
to O
pay O
a O
total O
of O
175 O
pounds O
to O
two O
members O
of O
staff O
injured O
in O
the O
fracas O
in O
an O
east O
London B-LOC
restaurant O
in O
October O
. O

Leeds B-ORG
had O
already O
fined O
Bowyer B-PER
4,000 O
pounds O
( O
$ O
6,600 O
) O
and O
warned O
him O
a O
repeat O
of O
his O
criminal O
behaviour O
could O
cost O
him O
his O
place O
in O
the O
side O
. O

Bowyer B-PER
, O
who O
moved O
to O
the O
Yorkshire B-LOC
club O
in O
August O
for O
3.5 O
million O
pounds O
( O
$ O
5.8 O
million O
) O
, O
was O
expected O
to O
play O
against O
Middlesbrough B-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
EUROLEAGUE B-MISC
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Standings O
in O
the O
men O
's O
EuroLeague B-MISC

basketball O
championship O
after O
Thursday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulate O
under O

played O
, O
won O
, O
lost O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Group O
A O

CSKA B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
( O
Russia B-LOC
9 O
6 O
3 O
15 O

Stefanel B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
9 O
6 O
3 O
15 O

Maccabi B-ORG
Tel I-ORG
Aviv I-ORG
( O
Israel B-LOC
) O
9 O
5 O
4 O
14 O

Ulker B-ORG
Spor I-ORG
( O
Turkey B-LOC
) O
9 O
4 O
5 O
13 O

Limoges B-ORG
( O
France B-LOC
) O
9 O
3 O
6 O
12 O

Panionios B-ORG
( O
Greece B-LOC
) O
9 O
3 O
6 O
12 O

Group O
B O

Teamsystem B-ORG
Bologna I-ORG
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
9 O
7 O
2 O
16 O

Olympiakos B-ORG
( O
Greece B-LOC
) O
9 O
5 O
4 O
14 O

Cibona B-ORG
Zagreb I-ORG
( O
Croatia B-LOC
) O
9 O
5 O
4 O
14 O

Alba B-ORG
Berlin I-ORG
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
9 O
5 O
4 O
14 O

Estudiantes B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
9 O
5 O
4 O
14 O

Charleroi B-ORG
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
9 O
0 O
9 O
9 O

Group O
C O

Panathinaikos B-ORG
( O
Greece B-LOC
) O
9 O
7 O
2 O
16 O

Ljubljana B-ORG
( O
Slovenia B-LOC
) O
9 O
6 O
3 O
15 O

Villeurbanne B-ORG
( O
France B-LOC
) O
9 O
6 O
3 O
15 O

Barcelona B-ORG
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
9 O
4 O
5 O
13 O

Split B-ORG
( O
Croatia B-LOC
) O
9 O
4 O
5 O
13 O

Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
9 O
0 O
9 O
9 O

Group O
D O

Efes B-ORG
Pilsen I-ORG
( O
Turkey B-LOC
) O
9 O
7 O
2 O
16 O

Pau-Orthez B-ORG
( O
France B-LOC
) O
9 O
5 O
4 O
14 O

Partizan B-ORG
Belgrade I-ORG
( O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
) O
9 O
5 O
4 O
14 O

Kinder B-ORG
Bologna I-ORG
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
9 O
4 O
5 O
13 O

Sevilla B-ORG
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
9 O
4 O
5 O
13 O

Dynamo B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
9 O
2 O
7 O
11 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
LITTLE B-PER
TO O
MISS O
CAMPESE B-PER
FAREWELL O
. O

Robert B-PER
Kitson I-PER

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Centre O
Jason B-PER
Little I-PER
will O
miss O
Australia B-LOC
's O
end-of-tour O
fixture O
against O
the O
Barbarians B-ORG
at O
Twickenham B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

Little B-PER
has O
opted O
not O
to O
risk O
aggravating O
the O
knee O
injury O
which O
ruled O
him O
out O
of O
a O
large O
chunk O
of O
the O
tour O
and O
is O
replaced O
by O
fellow O
Queenslander B-MISC
Daniel B-PER
Herbert I-PER
. O

Owen B-PER
Finegan I-PER
has O
recovered O
from O
the O
knocks O
he O
took O
in O
last O
weekend O
's O
test O
against O
Wales B-LOC
and O
retains O
his O
place O
in O
the O
back-row O
ahead O
of O
Daniel B-PER
Manu I-PER
. O

The O
Wallabies B-ORG
have O
their O
sights O
set O
on O
a O
13th O
successive O
victory O
to O
end O
their O
European B-MISC
tour O
with O
a O
100 O
percent O
record O
but O
also O
want O
to O
turn O
on O
the O
style O
and O
provide O
David B-PER
Campese I-PER
with O
a O
fitting O
send-off O
in O
his O
final O
match O
in O
Australian B-MISC
colours O
. O

The O
Wallabies B-ORG
currently O
have O
no O
plans O
to O
make O
any O
special O
presentation O
to O
the O
34-year-old O
winger O
but O
a O
full O
house O
of O
75,000 O
spectators O
will O
still O
gather O
in O
the O
hope O
of O
witnessing O
one O
last O
moment O
of O
magic O
. O

Campese B-PER
will O
be O
up O
against O
a O
familiar O
foe O
in O
the O
shape O
of O
Barbarians B-ORG
captain O
Rob B-PER
Andrew I-PER
, O
the O
man O
who O
kicked O
Australia B-LOC
to O
defeat O
with O
a O
last-ditch O
drop-goal O
in O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
quarter-final O
in O
Cape B-LOC
Town I-LOC
. O

" O
Campo B-PER
has O
a O
massive O
following O
in O
this O
country O
and O
has O
had O
the O
public O
with O
him O
ever O
since O
he O
first O
played O
here O
in O
1984 O
, O
" O
said O
Andrew B-PER
, O
also O
likely O
to O
be O
making O
his O
final O
Twickenham B-LOC
appearance O
. O

On O
tour O
, O
Australia B-LOC
have O
won O
all O
four O
tests O
against O
Italy B-LOC
, O
Scotland B-LOC
, O
Ireland B-LOC
and O
Wales B-LOC
, O
and O
scored O
414 O
points O
at O
an O
average O
of O
almost O
35 O
points O
a O
game O
. O

League O
duties O
restricted O
the O
Barbarians B-ORG
' O
selectorial O
options O
but O
they O
still O
boast O
13 O
internationals O
including O
England B-LOC
full-back O
Tim B-PER
Stimpson I-PER
and O
recalled O
wing O
Tony B-PER
Underwood I-PER
, O
plus O
All B-ORG
Black I-ORG
forwards O
Ian B-PER
Jones I-PER
and O
Norm B-PER
Hewitt I-PER
. O

Teams O
: O

Barbarians B-ORG
- O
15 O
- O
Tim B-PER
Stimpson I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
; O
14 O
- O
Nigel B-PER
Walker I-PER
( O
Wales B-LOC
) O
, O
13 O
- O
Allan B-PER
Bateman I-PER
( O
Wales B-LOC
) O
, O
12 O
- O
Gregor B-PER
Townsend I-PER
( O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
, O
11 O
- O
Tony B-PER
Underwood I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
; O
10 O
- O
Rob B-PER
Andrew I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
, O
9 O
- O
Rob B-PER
Howley I-PER
( O
Wales B-LOC
) O
; O
8 O
- O
Scott B-PER
Quinnell I-PER
( O
Wales B-LOC
) O
, O
7 O
- O
Neil B-PER
Back I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
, O
6 O
- O
Dale B-PER
McIntosh I-PER
( O
Pontypridd B-LOC
) O
, O
5 O
- O
Ian B-PER
Jones I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
, O
4 O
- O
Craig B-PER
Quinnell I-PER
( O
Wales B-LOC
) O
, O
3 O
- O
Darren B-PER
Garforth I-PER
( O
Leicester B-LOC
) O
, O
2 O
- O
Norm B-PER
Hewitt I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
, O
1 O
- O
Nick B-PER
Popplewell I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
. O

Australia B-LOC
- O
15 O
- O
Matthew B-PER
Burke I-PER
; O
14 O
- O
Joe B-PER
Roff I-PER
, O
13 O
- O
Daniel B-PER
Herbert I-PER
, O
12 O
- O
Tim B-PER
Horan I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
11 O
- O
David B-PER
Campese I-PER
; O
10 O
- O
Pat B-PER
Howard I-PER
, O
9 O
- O
Sam B-PER
Payne I-PER
; O
8 O
- O
Michael B-PER
Brial I-PER
, O
7 O
- O
David B-PER
Wilson I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Owen B-PER
Finegan I-PER
, O
5 O
- O
David B-PER
Giffin I-PER
, O
4 O
- O
Tim B-PER
Gavin I-PER
, O
3 O
- O
Andrew B-PER
Blades I-PER
, O
2 O
- O
Marco B-PER
Caputo I-PER
, O
1 O
- O
Dan B-PER
Crowley I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
ZIMBABWE B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
SECOND O
ROUND O
SCORES O
. O

HARARE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Leading O
second O
round O
scores O
in O
the O
Zimbabwe B-MISC
Open I-MISC
at O
the O
par-72 O
Chapman B-LOC
Golf I-LOC
Club I-LOC
on O
Friday O
( O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
unless O
stated O
) O
: O
132 O
Des B-PER
Terblanche I-PER
65 O
67 O
133 O
Mark B-PER
McNulty I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
72 O
61 O
134 O
Steve B-PER
van I-PER
Vuuren I-PER
65 O
69 O
136 O
Nick B-PER
Price I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
68 O
68 O
, O
Justin B-PER
Hobday I-PER
71 O
65 O
, O

Andrew B-PER
Pitts I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
69 O
67 O
138 O
Mark B-PER
Cayeux I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
69 O
69 O
, O
Mark B-PER
Murless I-PER
71 O
67 O
139 O
Hennie B-PER
Swart I-PER
75 O
64 O
, O
Andrew B-PER
Park I-PER
72 O
67 O
140 O
Schalk B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Merwe I-PER
( O
Namibia B-LOC
) O
67 O
73 O
, O
Desvonde B-PER

Botes B-PER
72 O
68 O
, O
Greg B-PER
Reid I-PER
72 O
68 O
, O
Clinton B-PER
Whitelaw I-PER
70 O

70 O
, O
Brett B-PER
Liddle I-PER
75 O
65 O
, O
Hugh B-PER
Baiocchi I-PER
73 O
67 O
141 O
Adilson B-PER
da I-PER
Silva I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
72 O
69 O
, O
Sammy B-PER
Daniels I-PER
73 O

68 O
, O
Trevor B-PER
Dodds I-PER
( O
Namibia B-LOC
) O
72 O
69 O
142 O
Don B-PER
Robertson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
73 O
69 O
, O
Dion B-PER
Fourie I-PER
69 O
73 O
, O

Steve B-PER
Waltman I-PER
72 O
70 O
, O
Ian B-PER
Dougan I-PER
73 O
69 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
UNCAPPED O
PLAYERS O
CALLED O
TO O
FACE O
MACEDONIA B-LOC
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Romania B-LOC
trainer O
Anghel B-PER
Iordanescu I-PER
called O
up O
three O
uncapped O
players O
on O
Friday O
in O
his O
squad O
to O
face O
Macedonia B-LOC
next O
week O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
. O

Midfielder O
Valentin B-PER
Stefan I-PER
and O
striker O
Viorel B-PER
Ion I-PER
of O
Otelul B-ORG
Galati I-ORG
and O
defender O
Liviu B-PER
Ciobotariu I-PER
of O
National B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
are O
the O
newcomers O
for O
the O
European B-MISC
group O
eight O
clash O
in O
Macedonia B-LOC
on O
December O
14 O
. O

Iordanescu B-PER
said O
he O
had O
picked O
them O
because O
of O
their O
good O
performances O
in O
the O
domestic O
championship O
in O
which O
National B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
are O
top O
and O
Otelul B-ORG
Galati I-ORG
third O
. O
" O

I O
think O
it O
's O
fair O
to O
give O
them O
a O
chance O
, O
" O
he O
told O
reporters O
. O

League O
title-holders O
Steaua B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
, O
who O
finished O
bottom O
of O
their O
Champions B-MISC
' I-MISC
League I-MISC
group O
in O
the O
European B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
have O
only O
two O
players O
in O
the O
squad O
. O

Attacking O
midfielder O
Adrian B-PER
Ilie I-PER
, O
who O
recently O
moved O
from O
Steaua B-ORG
to O
Turkish B-MISC
club O
Galatasaray B-ORG
, O
is O
ruled O
out O
after O
two O
yellow-card O
offences O
. O

Squad O
: O

Goalkeepers O
- O
Bogdan B-PER
Stelea I-PER
, O
Florin B-PER
Prunea I-PER
. O

Defenders O
- O
Dan B-PER
Petrescu I-PER
, O
Daniel B-PER
Prodan I-PER
, O
Anton B-PER
Dobos I-PER
, O
Cornel B-PER
Papura I-PER
, O
Liviu B-PER
Ciobotariu I-PER
, O
Tibor B-PER
Selymess I-PER
, O
Iulian B-PER
Filipescu I-PER
. O

Midfielders O
- O
Gheorghe B-PER
Hagi I-PER
, O
Gheorghe B-PER
Popescu I-PER
, O
Constantin B-PER
Galca I-PER
, O
Valentin B-PER
Stefan I-PER
, O
Basarab B-PER
Panduru I-PER
, O
Dorinel B-PER
Munteanu I-PER
, O
Ovidiu B-PER
Stinga I-PER
. O

Forwards O
- O
Ioan B-PER
Vladoiu I-PER
, O
Gheorghe B-PER
Craioveanu I-PER
, O
Ionel B-PER
Danciulescu I-PER
, O
Viorel B-PER
Ion I-PER
. O

REUTER B-ORG

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BRAZILIAN B-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
. O

RIO B-LOC
DE I-LOC
JANEIRO I-LOC
1996-12-05 O

Results O
of O
Brazilian B-MISC

soccer O
championship O
semifinal O
, O
first O
leg O
matches O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Goias B-ORG
1 O
Gremio B-ORG
3 O

Portuguesa B-ORG
1 O
Atletico B-ORG
Mineiro I-ORG
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
LARA B-PER
ENDURES O
ANOTHER O
MISERABLE O
DAY O
. O

Robert B-PER
Galvin I-PER

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Australia B-LOC
gave O
Brian B-PER
Lara I-PER
another O
reason O
to O
be O
miserable O
when O
they O
beat O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
by O
five O
wickets O
in O
the O
opening O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
limited O
overs O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

Lara B-PER
, O
disciplined O
for O
misconduct O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
was O
dismissed O
for O
five O
to O
extend O
a O
disappointing O
run O
of O
form O
on O
tour O
. O

Australia B-LOC
, O
who O
hold O
a O
2-0 O
lead O
in O
the O
five-match O
test O
series O
, O
overhauled O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
' O
total O
of O
172 O
all O
out O
with O
eight O
balls O
to O
spare O
to O
end O
a O
run O
of O
six O
successive O
one-day O
defeats O
. O

All-rounder O
Greg B-PER
Blewett I-PER
steered O
his O
side O
to O
a O
comfortable O
victory O
with O
an O
unbeaten O
57 O
in O
90 O
balls O
to O
the O
delight O
of O
the O
42,442 O
crowd O
. O

Man-of-the O
match O
Blewett B-PER
came O
to O
the O
wicket O
with O
the O
total O
on O
70 O
for O
two O
and O
hit O
three O
fours O
during O
an O
untroubled O
innings O
lasting O
129 O
minutes O
. O

His O
crucial O
fifth-wicket O
partnership O
with O
fellow O
all-rounder O
Stuart B-PER
Law I-PER
, O
who O
scored O
21 O
, O
added O
71 O
off O
85 O
balls O
. O

Lara B-PER
looked O
out O
of O
touch O
during O
his O
brief O
stay O
at O
the O
crease O
before O
chipping O
a O
simple O
catch O
to O
Shane B-PER
Warne I-PER
at O
mid-wicket O
. O

West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
tour O
manager O
Clive B-PER
Lloyd I-PER
has O
apologised O
for O
Lara B-PER
's O
behaviour O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

He O
( O
Lara B-PER
) O
had O
told O
Australia B-LOC
coach O
Geoff B-PER
Marsh I-PER
that O
wicketkeeper O
Ian B-PER
Healy I-PER
was O
unwelcome O
in O
the O
visitors O
' O
dressing O
room O
. O

The O
Melbourne B-LOC
crowd O
were O
clearly O
angered O
by O
the O
incident O
, O
loudly O
jeering O
the O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
vice-captain O
as O
he O
walked O
to O
the O
middle O
. O

It O
was O
left O
to O
fellow O
left-hander O
Shivnarine B-PER
Chanderpaul I-PER
to O
hold O
the O
innings O
together O
with O
a O
gritty O
54 O
despite O
the O
handicap O
of O
an O
injured O
groin O
. O

Chanderpaul B-PER
was O
forced O
to O
rely O
on O
a O
runner O
for O
most O
of O
his O
innings O
after O
hurting O
himself O
as O
he O
scurried O
back O
to O
his O
crease O
to O
avoid O
being O
run O
out O
. O

Pakistan B-LOC
, O
who O
arrive O
in O
Australia B-LOC
later O
this O
month O
, O
are O
the O
other O
team O
competing O
in O
the O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
tournament O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
V O
WEST B-LOC
INDIES I-LOC
WORLD B-MISC
SERIES I-MISC
SCOREBOARD O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Scoreboard O
in O
the O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC

limited O
overs O
match O
between O
Australia B-LOC
and O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
on O
Friday O
: O

West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC

S. B-PER
Campbell I-PER
c O
Healy B-PER
b O
Gillespie B-PER
31 O

R. B-PER
Samuels I-PER
c O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
b O
Gillespie B-PER
7 O

B. B-PER
Lara I-PER
c O
Warne B-PER
b O
Moody B-PER
5 O

S. B-PER
Chanderpaul I-PER
c O
Healy B-PER
b O
Blewett B-PER
54 O

C. B-PER
Hooper I-PER
run O
out O
7 O

J. B-PER
Adams I-PER
lbw O
b O
Moody B-PER
5 O

J. B-PER
Murray I-PER
c O
Blewett B-PER
b O
Warne B-PER
24 O

N. B-PER
McLean I-PER
c O
and O
b O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
7 O

K. B-PER
Benjamin I-PER
b O
Warne B-PER
8 O

C. B-PER
Ambrose I-PER
run O
out O
2 O

C. B-PER
Walsh I-PER
not O
out O
8 O

Extras O
( O
lb-10 O
w-1 O
nb-3 O
) O
14 O

Total O
( O
49.2 O
overs O
) O
172 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-11 O
2-38 O
3-64 O
4-73 O
5-81 O
6-120 O
7-135 O
8-150 O

9-153 O
. O

Bowling O
: O
Reiffel B-PER
10-2-26-0 O
( O
nb-3 O
) O
, O
Gillespie B-PER
10-0-39-2 O
, O

Moody B-PER
10-1-25-2 O
, O
Blewett B-PER
6.2-0-27-1 O
, O
Warne B-PER
10-0-34-2 O
( O
w-1 O
) O
, O

M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
3-0-11-1 O
. O

Australia B-LOC

M. B-PER
Taylor I-PER
b O
McLean B-PER
29 O

M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
c O
Murray B-PER
b O
Benjamin B-PER
27 O

R. B-PER
Ponting I-PER
lbw O
McLean B-PER
5 O

G. B-PER
Blewett I-PER
not O
out O
57 O

M. B-PER
Bevan I-PER
st O
Murray B-PER
b O
Hooper B-PER
3 O

S. B-PER
Law I-PER
b O
Hooper B-PER
21 O

T. B-PER
Moody I-PER
not O
out O
3 O

Extras O
( O
lb-17 O
nb-8 O
w-3 O
) O
28 O

Total O
( O
for O
five O
wickets O
, O
48.4 O
overs O
) O
173 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-59 O
2-70 O
3-78 O
4-90 O
5-160 O
. O

Did O
not O
bat O
: O
I. B-PER
Healy I-PER
, O
P. B-PER
Reiffel I-PER
, O
S. B-PER
Warne I-PER
, O
J. B-PER
Gillespie I-PER
. O

Bowling O
: O
Ambrose B-PER
10-3-19-0 O
( O
2nb O
1w O
) O
, O
Walsh B-PER
9-0-34-0 O
( O
4nb O
) O
, O

Benjamin B-PER
9.4-0-43-1 O
( O
1nb O
1w O
) O
, O
Hooper B-PER
10-0-27-2 O
( O
1nb O
) O
, O
McLean B-PER

10-1-33-2 O
( O
1w O
) O
. O

Result O
: O
Australia B-LOC
won O
by O
five O
wickets O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
BEAT O
WEST B-LOC
INDIES I-LOC
BY O
FIVE O
WICKETS O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Australia B-LOC
beat O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
by O
five O
wickets O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
limited O
overs O
match O
at O
the O
Melbourne B-LOC
Cricket I-LOC
Ground I-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

Scores O
: O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
172 O
all O
out O
in O
49.2 O
overs O
( O
Shivnarine B-PER
Chanderpaul I-PER
54 O
) O
; O
Australia B-LOC
173-5 O
in O
48.4 O
overs O
( O
Greg B-PER
Blewett I-PER
57 O
not O
out O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
WEST B-LOC
INDIES I-LOC
172 O
ALL O
OUT O
IN O
49.2 O
OVERS O
V O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
were O
all O
out O
for O
172 O
off O
49.2 O
overs O
in O
the O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
limited O
overs O
match O
against O
Australia B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
SHEFFIELD B-MISC
SHIELD I-MISC
SCORE O
. O

HOBART B-LOC
, O
Australia B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Score O
on O
the O
first O
day O
of O
the O
four-day O
Sheffield B-MISC
Shield I-MISC
match O
between O
Tasmania B-LOC
and O
Victoria B-LOC
at O
Bellerive B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Friday O
: O

Tasmania B-LOC
352 O
for O
three O
( O
David B-PER
Boon I-PER
106 O
not O
out O
, O
Shaun B-PER
Young I-PER
86 O
not O
out O
, O
Michael B-PER
DiVenuto I-PER
119 O
) O
v O
Victoria B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
LARA B-PER
SUFFERS O
MORE O
AUSTRALIAN O
TOUR O
MISERY O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
batsman O
Brian B-PER
Lara I-PER
suffered O
another O
blow O
to O
his O
Australian B-MISC
tour O
, O
after O
already O
being O
disciplined O
for O
misconduct O
, O
when O
he O
was O
dismissed O
cheaply O
in O
the O
first O
limited O
overs O
match O
against O
Australia B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

Lara B-PER
, O
who O
earned O
a O
stern O
rebuke O
from O
his O
own O
tour O
management O
after O
an O
angry O
outburst O
against O
Australia B-LOC
wicketkeeper O
Ian B-PER
Healy I-PER
, O
scored O
five O
to O
prolong O
a O
run O
of O
poor O
form O
with O
the O
bat O
. O

The O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
vice-captain O
struggled O
for O
timing O
during O
his O
36-minute O
stay O
at O
the O
crease O
before O
chipping O
a O
ball O
from O
medium O
pacer O
Tom B-PER
Moody I-PER
straight O
to O
Shane B-PER
Warne I-PER
at O
mid-wicket O
. O

West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
were O
53 O
for O
two O
in O
15 O
overs O
when O
rain O
stopped O
play O
at O
the O
Melbourne B-LOC
Cricket I-LOC
Ground I-LOC
after O
captain O
Courtney B-PER
Walsh I-PER
won O
the O
toss O
and O
elected O
to O
bat O
. O

Lara B-PER
's O
outburst O
three O
days O
ago O
has O
clearly O
turned O
some O
of O
the O
Australian B-MISC
public O
against O
him O
. O

As O
he O
walked O
to O
the O
wicket O
he O
was O
greeted O
by O
loud O
jeers O
from O
sections O
of O
the O
crowd O
. O

On O
several O
occasions O
during O
his O
innings O
, O
the O
crowd O
joined O
together O
in O
a O
series O
of O
obscene O
chants O
against O
him O
. O

Tour O
manager O
Clive B-PER
Lloyd I-PER
on O
Wednesday O
apologised O
for O
Lara B-PER
's O
behaviour O
in O
confronting O
Australia B-LOC
coach O
Geoff B-PER
Marsh I-PER
in O
the O
opposition O
dressing O
room O
to O
protest O
against O
his O
dismissal O
in O
the O
second O
test O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Lloyd B-PER
did O
not O
say O
what O
form O
the O
discipline O
would O
take O
. O

Lara B-PER
, O
who O
holds O
the O
record O
for O
the O
highest O
score O
in O
test O
and O
first-class O
cricket O
, O
was O
unhappy O
about O
Healy B-PER
's O
role O
in O
the O
incident O
and O
questioned O
whether O
the O
ball O
had O
carried O
to O
the O
Australia B-LOC
keeper O
. O

Australia B-LOC
went O
on O
to O
win O
the O
match O
at O
the O
Sydney B-LOC
Cricket I-LOC
Ground I-LOC
by O
124 O
runs O
to O
take O
a O
two-nil O
lead O
in O
the O
five-test O
series O
after O
Lara B-PER
failed O
in O
both O
innings O
. O

Lara B-PER
has O
yet O
to O
score O
a O
century O
since O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
arrived O
in O
Australia B-LOC
five O
weeks O
ago O
. O

Both O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
and O
Australia B-LOC
team O
management O
have O
played O
down O
the O
incident O
, O
stressing O
that O
relations O
between O
the O
two O
sides O
have O
not O
been O
adversely O
affected O
. O

Pakistan B-LOC
, O
who O
arrive O
next O
week O
, O
are O
the O
third O
team O
in O
the O
triangular O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
tournament O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
WEST B-LOC
INDIES I-LOC
TO O
BAT O
AFTER O
WINNING O
THE O
TOSS O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
captain O
Courtney B-PER
Walsh I-PER
elected O
to O
bat O
after O
winning O
the O
toss O
in O
the O
first O
match O
in O
the O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
limited O
overs O
competition O
against O
Australia B-LOC
at O
the O
Melbourne B-LOC
Cricket O
Ground O
on O
Friday O
. O

Teams O
: O

Australia B-LOC
- O
Mark B-PER
Taylor I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Mark B-PER
Waugh I-PER
, O
Ricky B-PER
Ponting I-PER
, O
Greg B-PER
Blewett I-PER
, O
Michael B-PER
Bevan I-PER
, O
Stuart B-PER
Law I-PER
, O
Tom B-PER
Moody I-PER
, O
Ian B-PER
Healy I-PER
, O
Paul B-PER
Reiffel I-PER
, O
Shane B-PER
Warne I-PER
, O
Jason B-PER
Gillespie I-PER
, O
Glenn B-PER
McGrath I-PER
12th O
man O
. O

West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
- O
Sherwin B-PER
Campbell I-PER
, O
Robert B-PER
Samuels I-PER
, O
Brian B-PER
Lara I-PER
, O
Shivnarine B-PER
Chanderpaul I-PER
, O
Carl B-PER
Hooper I-PER
, O
Jimmy B-PER
Adams I-PER
, O
Junior B-PER
Murray I-PER
, O
Nixon B-PER
McLean I-PER
, O
Kenneth B-PER
Benjamin I-PER
, O
Curtly B-PER
Ambrose I-PER
, O
Courtney B-PER
Walsh I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Roland B-PER
Holder I-PER
12th O
man O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BADMINTON O
- O
WORLD B-MISC
GRAND I-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

BALI B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Results O
in O
last O
of O
the O
group O
matches O
at O
the O
World B-MISC
Grand I-MISC
Prix I-MISC
badminton O
finals O
on O
Friday O
: O

Men O
's O
singles O

Group O
B O

Chen B-PER
Gang I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Martin B-PER
Londgaard I-PER
Hansen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
15-12 O
15-6 O

Dong B-PER
Jiong I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Thomas B-PER
Stuer-Lauridsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
15-10 O
15-6 O

Indra B-PER
Wijaya I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ong B-PER
Ewe I-PER
Hock I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
5-15 O
15-11 O
15-11 O

Group O
C O

Sun B-PER
Jun I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Rashid B-PER
Sidek I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
15-12 O
17-14 O

Hermawan B-PER
Susanto I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Soren B-PER
B. I-PER
Nielsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
15-8 O
15-2 O

Group O
D O

Allan B-PER
Budi I-PER
Kuksuma I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Poul-Erik B-PER
Hoyer-Larsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
15-7 O
15-4 O

Budi B-PER
Santoso I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Hu B-PER
Zhilan I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
15-4 O
15-5 O

Semifinals O
( O
on O
Saturday O
) O
: O
Fung B-PER
Permadi I-PER
( O
Taiwan B-LOC
) O
v O
Indra B-PER

Wijaya B-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
; O
Sun B-PER
Jun I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
v O
Allan B-PER
Budi I-PER
Kusuma I-PER

( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O

Women O
's O
singles O

Group O
A O

Gong B-PER
Zhichao I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mia B-PER
Audina I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
11-2 O
12-10 O

Group O
B O

Ye B-PER
Zhaoying I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Meiluawati B-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
11-6 O
12-10 O

Group O
C O

Camilla B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
beat O
Wang B-PER
Chen I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
11-0 O
12-10 O

Group O
D O

Susi B-PER
Susanti I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Han B-PER
Jingna I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
11-5 O
11-4 O
. O

Semifinals O
( O
on O
Saturday O
) O
: O
Susi B-PER
Susanti I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
v O
Camilla B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
; O
Ye B-PER
Zhaoying I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
v O
Gong B-PER
Zichao I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ARAB B-MISC
CONTRACTORS O
WIN O
AFRICAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
WINNERS I-MISC
' I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Result O
of O
the O
second O
leg O
of O
the O
African B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
Winners I-MISC
' I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
final O
at O
the O
National B-LOC
stadium I-LOC
on O
Friday O
: O
Arab B-ORG
Contractors I-ORG
( O
Egypt B-LOC
) O
4 O
Sodigraf B-ORG
( O
Zaire B-LOC
) O
0 O
( O
halftime O
2-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O

Aly B-PER
Ashour I-PER
7 O
, O
56 O
penalty O
, O
Mohamed B-PER
Ouda I-PER
24 O
, O
73 O

Contractors O
won O
4-0 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

NHL B-ORG
ICE O
HOCKEY O
- O
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
THURSDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Standings O
of O
National B-ORG
Hockey I-ORG

League B-ORG
teams O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
( O
tabulate O
under O

won O
, O
lost O
, O
tied O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

EASTERN O
CONFERENCE O

NORTHEAST O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
GF O
GA O
PTS O

HARTFORD B-ORG
12 O
7 O
6 O
77 O
76 O
30 O

BUFFALO B-ORG
13 O
12 O
1 O
77 O
76 O
27 O

BOSTON B-ORG
10 O
11 O
4 O
74 O
84 O
24 O

MONTREAL B-ORG
10 O
14 O
4 O
96 O
103 O
24 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
9 O
13 O
3 O
81 O
91 O
21 O

OTTAWA B-ORG
7 O
11 O
6 O
62 O
72 O
20 O

ATLANTIC B-LOC
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
GF O
GA O
PTS O

FLORIDA B-ORG
17 O
4 O
6 O
83 O
53 O
40 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
14 O
12 O
2 O
75 O
75 O
30 O

NEW B-ORG
JERSEY I-ORG
14 O
10 O
1 O
61 O
61 O
29 O

WASHINGTON B-ORG
13 O
12 O
1 O
69 O
66 O
27 O

NY B-ORG
RANGERS I-ORG
10 O
13 O
5 O
91 O
81 O
25 O

NY B-ORG
ISLANDERS I-ORG
7 O
11 O
8 O
65 O
72 O
22 O

TAMPA B-ORG
BAY I-ORG
8 O
15 O
2 O
69 O
81 O
18 O

WESTERN O
CONFERENCE O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
T O
GF O
GA O
PTS O

DETROIT B-ORG
15 O
9 O
4 O
81 O
53 O
34 O

DALLAS B-ORG
16 O
9 O
1 O
74 O
60 O
33 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
12 O
12 O
3 O
71 O
67 O
27 O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
13 O
14 O
0 O
78 O
81 O
26 O

TORONTO B-ORG
11 O
15 O
0 O
76 O
89 O
22 O

PHOENIX B-ORG
9 O
13 O
4 O
61 O
74 O
22 O

PACIFIC B-LOC
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
GF O
GA O
PTS O

COLORADO B-ORG
17 O
6 O
4 O
97 O
56 O
38 O

VANCOUVER B-ORG
14 O
11 O
1 O
84 O
83 O
29 O

EDMONTON B-ORG
13 O
14 O
1 O
94 O
88 O
27 O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
11 O
13 O
3 O
72 O
83 O
25 O

SAN B-ORG
JOSE I-ORG
10 O
13 O
4 O
69 O
87 O
24 O

CALGARY B-ORG
10 O
16 O
2 O
65 O
77 O
22 O

ANAHEIM B-ORG
9 O
14 O
4 O
73 O
86 O
22 O

FRIDAY O
, O
DECEMBER O
6 O

ANAHEIM B-ORG
AT O
BUFFALO B-LOC

TORONTO B-ORG
AT O
NY B-ORG
RANGERS I-ORG

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
AT O
WASHINGTON B-LOC

MONTREAL B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
DALLAS B-LOC

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

OTTAWA B-ORG
AT O
EDMONTON B-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

NHL B-ORG
ICE O
HOCKEY O
- O
THURSDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
. O

[ O
CORRECTED O
08:40 O
GMT B-MISC
] O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

( O
Corrects O
headline O
from O
NBA B-ORG
to O
NHL B-ORG
and O
corrects O
team O
name O
in O
second O
result O
from O
La B-ORG
Clippers I-ORG
to O
Ny B-ORG
Islanders I-ORG
. O

) O

Results O
of O
National B-ORG
Hockey I-ORG

League B-ORG
games O
on O
Thursday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

Hartford B-ORG
4 O
BOSTON B-ORG
2 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
4 O
Ny B-ORG
Islanders I-ORG
2 O

NEW B-ORG
JERSEY I-ORG
2 O
Calgary B-ORG
1 O

Phoenix B-ORG
3 O
ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
0 O

Tampa B-ORG
Bay I-ORG
2 O
LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

NFL B-ORG
AMERICAN O
FOOTBALL-COLTS O
CLOBBER O
EAGLES B-ORG
TO O
STAY O
IN O
PLAYOFF O
HUNT O
. O

INDIANAPOLIS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
injury-plagued O
Indianapolis B-ORG
Colts I-ORG
lost O
another O
quarterback O
on O
Thursday O
but O
last O
year O
's O
AFC O
finalists O
rallied O
together O
to O
shoot O
down O
the O
Philadelphia B-ORG
Eagles I-ORG
37-10 O
in O
a O
showdown O
of O
playoff O
contenders O
. O

Marshall B-PER
Faulk I-PER
rushed O
for O
101 O
yards O
and O
two O
touchdowns O
and O
Jason B-PER
Belser I-PER
returned O
an O
interception O
44 O
yards O
for O
a O
score O
as O
the O
Colts B-ORG
improved O
to O
8-6 O
, O
the O
same O
mark O
as O
the O
Eagles B-ORG
, O
who O
lost O
for O
the O
fourth O
time O
in O
five O
games O
. O

Paul B-PER
Justin I-PER
, O
starting O
for O
the O
sidelined O
Jim B-PER
Harbaugh I-PER
, O
was O
14-of-23 O
for O
144 O
yards O
and O
a O
touchdown O
for O
the O
the O
Colts B-ORG
, O
who O
played O
their O
last O
home O
game O
of O
the O
season O
. O

Indianapolis B-LOC
closes O
with O
games O
at O
Kansas B-LOC
City I-LOC
and O
Cincinnati B-LOC
. O

The O
Eagles B-ORG
were O
held O
without O
a O
touchdown O
until O
the O
final O
five O
seconds O
. O

Philadelphia B-LOC
, O
which O
fell O
from O
an O
NFC O
East O
tie O
with O
the O
Dallas B-ORG
Cowboys I-ORG
and O
Washington B-ORG
Redskins I-ORG
, O
go O
on O
the O
road O
against O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Jets I-ORG
and O
then O
entertain O
Arizona B-ORG
. O

The O
loss O
by O
Philadelphia B-ORG
allowed O
the O
idle O
Green B-ORG
Bay I-ORG
Packers I-ORG
( O
10-3 O
) O
to O
clinch O
the O
first O
NFC O
playoff O
berth O
. O

The O
Colts B-ORG
won O
despite O
the O
absence O
of O
injured O
starting O
defensive O
tackle O
Tony B-PER
Siragusa I-PER
, O
cornerback O
Ray B-PER
Buchanan I-PER
and O
linebacker O
Quentin B-PER
Coryatt I-PER
. O

Faulk B-PER
carried O
16 O
times O
, O
including O
a O
13-yard O
TD O
run O
in O
the O
first O
quarter O
and O
a O
seven-yard O
score O
early O
in O
the O
final O
period O
. O

Justin B-PER
made O
his O
second O
straight O
start O
for O
Harbaugh B-PER
, O
who O
has O
a O
knee O
injury O
. O

Justin B-PER
suffered O
a O
sprained O
right O
shoulder O
in O
the O
third O
quarter O
and O
did O
not O
return O
. O

Third-stringer O
Kerwin B-PER
Bell I-PER
, O
a O
1988 O
draft O
choice O
of O
the O
Miami B-ORG
Dolphins I-ORG
, O
made O
his O
NFL B-ORG
debut O
and O
was O
5-of-5 O
for O
75 O
yards O
, O
including O
a O
20-yard O
scoring O
strike O
to O
Marvin B-PER
Harrison I-PER
in O
the O
third O
period O
. O

A O
39-yard O
interference O
penalty O
against O
Philadelphia B-LOC
's O
Troy B-PER
Vincent I-PER
set O
up O
Faulk B-PER
's O
first O
score O
around O
left O
end O
that O
capped O
an O
80-yard O
march O
5:17 O
into O
the O
game O
and O
the O
rout O
was O
on O
. O

Eagles B-ORG
quarterback O
Ty B-PER
Detmer I-PER
was O
17-of-34 O
for O
182 O
yards O
before O
he O
was O
benched O
. O

Ricky B-PER
Watters I-PER
, O
who O
leads O
the O
NFC O
in O
rushing O
, O
left O
the O
game O
after O
getting O
kneed O
to O
the O
helmet O
after O
gaining O
33 O
yards O
on O
seven O
carries O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

NBA B-ORG
BASKETBALL O
- O
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
THURSDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Standings O
of O
National B-ORG

Basketball B-ORG
Association I-ORG
teams O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O

( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O
lost O
, O
percentage O
, O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

EASTERN O
CONFERENCE O

ATLANTIC B-LOC
DIVISION O

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

MIAMI B-ORG
14 O
4 O
.778 O
- O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
10 O
6 O
.625 O
3 O

ORLANDO B-ORG
8 O
6 O
.571 O
4 O

WASHINGTON B-ORG
7 O
9 O
.438 O
6 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
7 O
10 O
.412 O
6 O
1/2 O

BOSTON B-ORG
4 O
12 O
.250 O
9 O

NEW B-ORG
JERSEY I-ORG
3 O
10 O
.231 O
8 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

CHICAGO B-ORG
17 O
1 O
.944 O
- O

DETROIT B-ORG
13 O
3 O
.813 O
3 O

CLEVELAND B-ORG
11 O
5 O
.688 O
5 O

ATLANTA B-ORG
10 O
8 O
.556 O
7 O

CHARLOTTE B-ORG
8 O
8 O
.500 O
8 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
8 O
8 O
.500 O
8 O

INDIANA B-ORG
7 O
8 O
.467 O
8 O
1/2 O

TORONTO B-ORG
6 O
11 O
.353 O
10 O
1/2 O

WESTERN O
CONFERENCE O

MIDWEST O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

HOUSTON B-ORG
16 O
2 O
.889 O
- O

UTAH B-ORG
14 O
2 O
.875 O
1 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
7 O
10 O
.412 O
8 O
1/2 O

DALLAS B-ORG
6 O
11 O
.353 O
9 O
1/2 O

DENVER B-ORG
5 O
14 O
.263 O
11 O
1/2 O

SAN B-ORG
ANTONIO I-ORG
3 O
13 O
.188 O
12 O

VANCOUVER B-ORG
2 O
16 O
.111 O
14 O

PACIFIC B-LOC
DIVISION O

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

SEATTLE B-ORG
15 O
5 O
.750 O
- O

LA B-ORG
LAKERS I-ORG
13 O
7 O
.650 O
2 O

PORTLAND B-ORG
11 O
8 O
.579 O
3 O
1/2 O

LA B-ORG
CLIPPERS I-ORG
7 O
11 O
.389 O
7 O

GOLDEN B-ORG
STATE I-ORG
6 O
12 O
.333 O
8 O

SACRAMENTO B-ORG
6 O
12 O
.333 O
8 O

PHOENIX B-ORG
2 O
14 O
.125 O
11 O

FRIDAY O
, O
DECEMBER O
6 O

NEW B-ORG
JERSEY I-ORG
AT O
BOSTON B-LOC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
AT O
DETROIT B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
MIAMI B-LOC

PHOENIX B-ORG
AT O
SACRAMENTO B-LOC

VANCOUVER B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
ANTONIO I-LOC

MINNESOTA B-ORG
AT O
UTAH B-LOC

CHARLOTTE B-ORG
AT O
PORTLAND B-LOC

INDIANA B-ORG
AT O
GOLDEN B-LOC
STATE I-LOC

ORLANDO B-ORG
AT O
LA B-LOC
LAKERS I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

NFL B-ORG
AMERICAN O
FOOTBALL-STANDINGS O
AFTER O
THURSDAY O
'S O
GAME O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-05 O

National B-ORG
Football I-ORG
League I-ORG

standings O
after O
Thursday O
's O
game O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O
lost O
, O

tied O
, O
points O
for O
and O
points O
against O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
FOOTBALL O
CONFERENCE O

EASTERN O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
PF O
PA O

NEW B-ORG
ENGLAND I-ORG
9 O
4 O
0 O
355 O
269 O

BUFFALO B-ORG
9 O
4 O
0 O
267 O
215 O

INDIANAPOLIS B-ORG
8 O
6 O
0 O
269 O
284 O

MIAMI B-ORG
6 O
7 O
0 O
285 O
266 O

NY B-ORG
JETS I-ORG
1 O
12 O
0 O
221 O
368 O

CENTRAL O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
PF O
PA B-ORG

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
9 O
4 O
0 O
299 O
211 O

HOUSTON B-ORG
7 O
6 O
0 O
291 O
254 O

JACKSONVILLE B-ORG
6 O
7 O
0 O
263 O
288 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
5 O
8 O
0 O
299 O
318 O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
4 O
9 O
0 O
320 O
369 O

WESTERN O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
PF O
PA O

X-DENVER B-MISC
12 O
1 O
0 O
351 O
199 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
9 O
4 O
0 O
262 O
230 O

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
7 O
6 O
0 O
277 O
323 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
6 O
7 O
0 O
274 O
234 O

SEATTLE B-ORG
5 O
8 O
0 O
250 O
317 O

NATIONAL O
FOOTBALL O
CONFERENCE O

EASTERN O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
PF O
PA O

DALLAS B-ORG
8 O
5 O
0 O
254 O
201 O

WASHINGTON B-ORG
8 O
5 O
0 O
291 O
251 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
8 O
6 O
0 O
313 O
302 O

ARIZONA B-ORG
6 O
7 O
0 O
248 O
332 O

NY B-ORG
GIANTS I-ORG
5 O
8 O
0 O
200 O
250 O

CENTRAL O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
PF O
PA O

Y-GREEN B-MISC
BAY I-MISC
10 O
3 O
0 O
346 O
191 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
7 O
6 O
0 O
243 O
245 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
5 O
8 O
0 O
202 O
248 O

DETROIT B-ORG
5 O
8 O
0 O
263 O
289 O

TAMPA B-ORG
BAY I-ORG
4 O
9 O
0 O
153 O
243 O

WESTERN O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
PF O
PA O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
10 O
3 O
0 O
325 O
198 O

CAROLINA B-ORG
9 O
4 O
0 O
292 O
164 O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
4 O
9 O
0 O
246 O
334 O

ATLANTA B-ORG
2 O
11 O
0 O
234 O
393 O

NEW B-ORG
ORLEANS I-ORG
2 O
11 O
0 O
184 O
291 O

X O
-- O
CLINCHED O
DIVISION O
TITLE O

Y O
-- O
CLINCHED O
PLAYOFF O
BERTH O

SUNDAY O
, O
DECEMBER O
8 O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

BALTIMORE B-ORG
AT O
CINCINNATI B-LOC

DENVER B-ORG
AT O
GREEN B-LOC
BAY I-LOC

JACKSONVILLE B-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

NY B-ORG
GIANTS I-ORG
AT O
MIAMI B-LOC

ATLANTA B-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
ORLEANS I-LOC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
AT O
PITTSBURGH B-LOC

WASHINGTON B-ORG
AT O
TAMPA B-LOC
BAY I-LOC

DALLAS B-ORG
AT O
ARIZONA B-LOC

NY B-ORG
JETS I-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
ENGLAND I-LOC

BUFFALO B-ORG
AT O
SEATTLE B-LOC

CAROLINA B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC

MINNESOTA B-ORG
AT O
DETROIT B-LOC

MONDAY O
, O
DECEMBER O
9 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
AT O
OAKLAND B-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

NFL B-ORG
AMERICAN O
FOOTBALL-THURSDAY O
'S O
RESULT O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-05 O

Result O
of O
National B-ORG
Football B-LOC

League B-LOC
game O
on O
Thursday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

INDIANAPOLIS B-ORG
37 O
Philadelphia B-ORG
10 O

-DOCSTART- O

NCAA B-ORG
AMERICAN O
FOOTBALL-OHIO B-MISC
STATE I-MISC
'S O
PACE B-PER
FIRST O
REPEAT O
LOMBARDI B-MISC
AWARD I-MISC
WINNER O
. O

HOUSTON B-LOC
1996-12-05 O

Ohio B-ORG
State I-ORG
left O
tackle O
Orlando B-PER
Pace I-PER
became O
the O
first O
repeat O
winner O
of O
the O
Lombardi B-MISC
Award I-MISC
Thursday O
night O
when O
the O
Rotary B-ORG
Club I-ORG
of O
Houston B-LOC
again O
honoured O
him O
as O
college O
football O
's O
lineman O
of O
the O
year O
. O

Pace B-PER
, O
a O
junior O
, O
helped O
Ohio B-ORG
State I-ORG
to O
a O
10-1 O
record O
and O
a O
berth O
in O
the O
Rose B-MISC
Bowl I-MISC
against O
Arizona B-ORG
State I-ORG
. O

He O
was O
the O
most O
dominant O
offensive O
lineman O
in O
the O
country O
and O
also O
played O
defensive O
line O
in O
goal-line O
situations O
. O

Last O
year O
, O
Pace B-PER
became O
the O
first O
sophomore O
to O
win O
the O
award O
since O
its O
inception O
in O
1970 O
. O

Pace B-PER
outdistanced O
three O
senior O
finalists O
-- O
Virginia B-ORG
Tech I-ORG
defensive O
end O
Cornell B-PER
Brown I-PER
, O
Arizona B-ORG
State I-ORG
offensive O
tackle O
Juan B-PER
Roque I-PER
and O
defensive O
end O
Jared B-PER
Tomich I-PER
of O
Nebraska B-ORG
. O

The O
Lombardi B-MISC
Award I-MISC
is O
presented O
to O
the O
college O
lineman O
who O
, O
in O
addition O
to O
outstanding O
effort O
on O
the O
field O
, O
best O
exemplifies O
the O
characteristics O
and O
discipline O
of O
Vince B-PER
Lombardi I-PER
, O
legendary O
coach O
of O
the O
Green B-ORG
Bay I-ORG
Packers I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Result O
of O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Friday O
: O

RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
1 O
Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
2 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
18 O
13 O
3 O
2 O
52 O
14 O
42 O

Feyenoord B-ORG
17 O
11 O
3 O
3 O
29 O
20 O
36 O

Twente B-ORG
Enschede I-ORG
18 O
10 O
4 O
4 O
28 O
15 O
34 O

Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
18 O
9 O
3 O
6 O
29 O
22 O
30 O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
18 O
8 O
5 O
5 O
29 O
21 O
29 O

Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
18 O
7 O
8 O
3 O
23 O
16 O
29 O

Heerenveen B-ORG
18 O
7 O
7 O
4 O
30 O
20 O
28 O

Roda B-ORG
JC I-ORG
Kerkrade I-ORG
17 O
7 O
6 O
4 O
19 O
21 O
27 O

Utrecht B-ORG
18 O
4 O
10 O
4 O
26 O
24 O
22 O

Volendam B-ORG
18 O
5 O
6 O
7 O
20 O
23 O
21 O

Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
19 O
6 O
3 O
10 O
21 O
25 O
21 O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
18 O
6 O
3 O
9 O
17 O
29 O
21 O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
18 O
5 O
4 O
9 O
19 O
31 O
19 O

Groningen B-ORG
18 O
4 O
6 O
8 O
20 O
31 O
18 O

AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
18 O
5 O
2 O
11 O
16 O
23 O
17 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
17 O
3 O
7 O
7 O
14 O
28 O
16 O

NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
18 O
3 O
7 O
8 O
19 O
32 O
16 O

RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
19 O
3 O
5 O
11 O
18 O
33 O
14 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Results O
of O
German B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
played O
on O
Friday O
: O

Bochum B-ORG
2 O
Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
2 O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
1 O
1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
1 O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
3 O
Freiburg B-ORG
0 O

Schalke B-ORG
2 O
Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
goals O
against O
points O
) O
: O

Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
17 O
10 O
4 O
3 O
38 O
22 O
34 O

Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
16 O
9 O
6 O
1 O
26 O
14 O
33 O

VfB B-ORG
Stuttgart I-ORG
16 O
9 O
4 O
3 O
39 O
17 O
31 O

Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
16 O
9 O
4 O
3 O
33 O
17 O
31 O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
17 O
8 O
4 O
5 O
30 O
20 O
28 O

VfL B-ORG
Bochum I-ORG
16 O
7 O
6 O
3 O
23 O
21 O
27 O

1. B-ORG
FC I-ORG
Cologne I-ORG
16 O
8 O
2 O
6 O
31 O
27 O
26 O

Schalke B-ORG
04 I-ORG
17 O
7 O
4 O
6 O
25 O
26 O
25 O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
17 O
6 O
4 O
7 O
29 O
28 O
22 O

MSV B-ORG
Duisburg I-ORG
16 O
5 O
4 O
7 O
16 O
22 O
19 O

SV B-ORG
1860 I-ORG
Munich I-ORG
17 O
4 O
6 O
7 O
25 O
31 O
18 O

FC B-ORG
St. I-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
15 O
5 O
3 O
7 O
21 O
28 O
18 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Dusseldorf I-ORG
16 O
5 O
3 O
8 O
13 O
24 O
18 O

Hamburger B-ORG
SV I-ORG
16 O
4 O
5 O
7 O
20 O
25 O
17 O

Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
16 O
4 O
4 O
8 O
18 O
28 O
16 O

FC B-ORG
Hansa I-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
17 O
4 O
3 O
10 O
19 O
26 O
15 O

Borussia B-ORG
Monchengladbach I-ORG
16 O
4 O
3 O
9 O
12 O
22 O
15 O

SC B-ORG
Freiburg I-ORG
17 O
4 O
1 O
12 O
20 O
40 O
13 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
SUMMARIES O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Summaries O
of O
French B-MISC
first O
division O

matches O
on O
Friday O
: O

Lens B-ORG
0 O
Nantes B-ORG
4 O
( O
Japhet B-PER
N'Doram I-PER
7 O
, O
Claude B-PER
Makelele I-PER
42 O
, O
Jocelyn B-PER

Gourvennec B-PER
67 O
, O
Christophe B-PER
Pignol I-PER
72 O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-2 O
. O

Attendance O
: O

15,000 O
. O

Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
1 O
( O
Bruno B-PER
N'Gotty I-PER
2 O
) O
Nancy B-ORG
2 O
( O
Paul B-PER
Fischer I-PER

70 O
, O
Phil B-PER
Gray I-PER
89 O
) O
. O

1-0 O
. O

30,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARIES O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Summary O
of O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Friday O
: O

RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
1 O
( O
Starbuck O
76 O
) O
Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
2 O
( O
Konterman B-PER
45 O
, O

Van B-PER
der I-PER
Vegt I-PER
77 O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-1 O
. O

Attendance O
5,300 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
STANDINGS O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Standings O
in O
the O
French B-MISC
first O

division O
after O
Friday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O

drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Paris B-ORG
Saint-Germain I-ORG
21 O
12 O
6 O
3 O
34 O
15 O
42 O

Monaco B-ORG
20 O
12 O
5 O
3 O
36 O
16 O
41 O

Bordeaux B-ORG
20 O
9 O
7 O
4 O
29 O
21 O
34 O

Strasbourg B-ORG
20 O
11 O
1 O
8 O
27 O
27 O
34 O

Bastia B-ORG
20 O
9 O
6 O
5 O
27 O
22 O
33 O

Auxerre B-ORG
20 O
8 O
8 O
4 O
26 O
12 O
32 O

Metz B-ORG
20 O
8 O
7 O
5 O
21 O
16 O
31 O

Nantes B-ORG
21 O
7 O
9 O
5 O
41 O
25 O
30 O

Guingamp B-ORG
20 O
7 O
7 O
6 O
18 O
18 O
28 O

Lille B-ORG
20 O
7 O
7 O
6 O
22 O
28 O
28 O

Marseille B-ORG
20 O
6 O
8 O
6 O
18 O
17 O
26 O

Lyon B-ORG
20 O
6 O
8 O
6 O
24 O
31 O
26 O

Rennes B-ORG
20 O
7 O
4 O
9 O
23 O
28 O
25 O

Lens B-ORG
21 O
7 O
4 O
10 O
25 O
34 O
25 O

Le B-ORG
Havre I-ORG
20 O
5 O
7 O
8 O
20 O
21 O
22 O

Cannes B-ORG
20 O
5 O
7 O
8 O
13 O
22 O
22 O

Montpellier B-ORG
20 O
3 O
9 O
8 O
17 O
24 O
18 O

Caen B-ORG
20 O
3 O
7 O
10 O
12 O
23 O
16 O

Nancy B-ORG
21 O
3 O
7 O
11 O
14 O
26 O
16 O

Nice B-ORG
20 O
3 O
4 O
13 O
17 O
38 O
13 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Results O
of O
French B-MISC
first O
division O

matches O
on O
Friday O
: O

Lens B-ORG
0 O
Nantes B-ORG
4 O

Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
1 O
Nancy B-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARIES O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Summaries O
of O
matches O
played O
in O
the O
German B-MISC
first O
division O
on O
Friday O
: O

Bochum B-ORG
2 O
( O
Stickroth B-PER
30th O
pen O
, O
Wosz B-PER
89th O
) O
Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
2 O
( O
Kirsten B-PER
18th O
, O
Ramelow B-PER
56th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-1 O
. O

Attendance O
: O
24,602 O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
1 O
( O
Bode B-PER
85th O
) O
1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
1 O
( O
Bormirow B-PER
8th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-1 O
. O

Attendance O
33,000 O

Karlsruhe B-LOC
3 O
( O
Reich B-PER
29th O
, O
Carl B-PER
44th O
, O
Dundee B-ORG
69th O
) O
Freiburg B-LOC
0 O
. O

Halftime O
2-0 O
. O

Attendance O
33,000 O

Schalke B-ORG
2 O
( O
Mulder B-PER
2nd O
and O
27th O
) O
Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
0 O
. O

Halftime O
2-0 O
. O

Attendance O
29,300 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
GRAND B-MISC
SLAM I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUARTER-FINAL O
RESULTS O
. O

MUNICH B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Quarter-final O
results O
at O
the O
$ O
6 O
million O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Friday O
: O
Goran B-PER
Ivanisevic I-PER
( O
Croatia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mark B-PER
Woodforde I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O

Yevgeny B-PER
Kafelnikov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jim B-PER
Courier I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
2-6 O
6-4 O
8-6 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
WEAH B-PER
HEAD-BUTT O
DEPRIVES O
PORTUGAL B-LOC
OF O
COSTA B-PER
. O

LISBON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Portugal B-LOC
called O
up O
Porto B-ORG
central O
defender O
Joao B-PER
Manuel I-PER
Pinto I-PER
on O
Friday O
to O
face O
Germany B-LOC
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
in O
place O
of O
injured O
club O
colleague O
Jorge B-PER
Costa I-PER
, O
who O
is O
still O
nursing O
a O
broken O
nose O
after O
being O
head-butted O
by O
Liberian B-MISC
striker O
Georg B-PER
Weah I-PER
. O

Costa B-PER
has O
not O
played O
since O
being O
struck O
by O
the O
AC B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
forward O
after O
a O
bad-tempered O
European B-MISC
Champions I-MISC
' I-MISC
League I-MISC
game O
on O
November O
27 O
. O

Portugal B-LOC
lead O
European B-MISC
qualifying O
group O
nine O
with O
seven O
points O
from O
four O
games O
, O
one O
more O
than O
Ukraine B-LOC
and O
three O
more O
than O
Germany B-LOC
, O
who O
have O
only O
played O
twice O
. O

The O
Portuguese B-MISC
host O
Germany B-LOC
on O
December O
14 O
. O

Squad O
: O

Goalkeepers O
- O
Vitor B-PER
Baia I-PER
( O
Barcelona B-ORG
, O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Rui B-PER
Correia I-PER
( O
Braga B-ORG
) O
: O

Defenders O
- O
Paulinho B-PER
Santos I-PER
( O
Porto B-ORG
) O
, O
Sergio B-PER
Conceicao I-PER
( O
Porto B-ORG
) O
, O
Joao B-PER
Manuel I-PER
Pinto I-PER
( O
Porto B-ORG
) O
, O
Oceano B-PER
Cruz I-PER
( O
Sporting B-ORG
) O
, O
Fernando B-PER
Couto I-PER
( O
Barcelona B-ORG
) O
, O
Helder B-PER
Cristovao I-PER
( O
Deportivo B-ORG
Coruna I-ORG
, O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Dimas B-PER
Teixeira I-PER
( O
Juventus B-ORG
, O
Italy B-LOC
) O
, O
Carlos B-PER
Secretario I-PER
( O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
, O
Spain B-LOC
) O
: O

Midfielders O
- O
Rui B-PER
Barros I-PER
( O
Porto B-ORG
) O
, O
Jose B-PER
Barroso I-PER
( O
Porto B-ORG
) O
, O
Luis B-PER
Figo I-PER
( O
Barcelona B-ORG
) O
, O
Paulo B-PER
Bento I-PER
( O
Oviedo B-ORG
, O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Jose B-PER
Taira I-PER
( O
Salamanca B-ORG
, O
Spain B-LOC
) O
: O

Forwards O
- O
Antonio B-PER
Folha I-PER
( O
Porto B-ORG
) O
, O
Joao B-PER
Vieira I-PER
Pinto I-PER
( O
Benfica B-ORG
) O
, O
Paulo B-PER
Alves I-PER
( O
Sporting B-ORG
) O
, O
Rui B-PER
Costa I-PER
( O
Fiorentina B-ORG
, O
Italy B-LOC
) O
, O
Jorge B-PER
Cadete I-PER
( O
Celtic B-ORG
Glasgow I-ORG
, O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
SHOWCASE-BETTING O
ON O
REAL B-ORG
MADRID I-ORG
V O
BARCELONA B-ORG
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

William B-PER
Hill I-PER
betting O
on O
Saturday O
's O

Spanish B-MISC
first O
division O
match O
between O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
and O
Barcelona B-ORG
: O

To O
win O
: O
6-5 O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
; O
7-4 O
Barcelona B-ORG

Draw O
: O
9-4 O

Correct O
score O
: O

Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
to O
win O
Barcelona B-ORG
to O
win O

1-0 O
13-2 O
1-0 O
15-2 O

2-0 O
9-1 O
2-0 O
12-1 O

2-1 O
8-1 O
2-1 O
10-1 O

3-0 O
20-1 O
3-0 O
28-1 O

3-1 O
16-1 O
3-1 O
22-1 O

3-2 O
25-1 O
3-2 O
25-1 O

4-0 O
50-1 O
4-0 O
100-1 O

4-1 O
40-1 O
4-1 O
80-1 O

4-2 O
50-1 O
4-2 O
80-1 O

Draw O
: O

0-0 O
8-1 O

1-1 O
11-2 O

2-2 O
14-1 O

3-3 O
50-1 O

Double O
result O
: O

half-time O
full-time O

5-2 O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG

14-1 O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
Draw O

28-1 O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
Barcelona B-ORG

5-1 O
Draw O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG

4-1 O
Draw O
Draw O

11-2 O
Draw O
Barcelona B-ORG

25-1 O
Barcelona B-ORG
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG

14-1 O
Barcelona B-ORG
Draw O

4-1 O
Barcelona B-ORG
Barcelona B-ORG

First O
goalscorer O
of O
match O
: O

Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
Barcelona B-ORG

9-2 O
Davor B-PER
Suker I-PER
9-2 O
Ronaldo B-PER

5-1 O
Pedrag B-PER
Mijatovic I-PER
7-1 O
Luis B-PER
Figo I-PER

7-1 O
Raul B-PER
Gonzalez I-PER
7-1 O
Juan B-PER
Pizzi I-PER

12-1 O
Fernando B-PER
Redondo I-PER
9-1 O
Giovanni B-PER

14-1 O
Victor B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
12-1 O
Guillermo B-PER

Amor B-PER

16-1 O
Jose B-PER
Amavisca I-PER
14-1 O
Roger B-PER
Garcia I-PER

16-1 O
Manolo B-PER
Sanchis I-PER
14-1 O
Gheorghe B-PER

Popescu B-PER

16-1 O
Roberto B-PER
Carlos I-PER
16-1 O

JosepGuardiola B-PER

20-1 O
Fernando B-PER
Hierro I-PER
20-1 O
Ivan B-PER
de I-PER

laPena B-PER

20-1 O
Luis B-PER
Milla I-PER
25-1 O
Luis B-PER

Enrique B-PER

33-1 O
Fernando B-PER
Sanz I-PER
25-1 O

AbelardoFernandez B-PER

40-1 O
Carlos B-PER
Secretario I-PER
28-1 O
Sergi B-PER
Barjuan I-PER

40-1 O
Rafael B-PER
Alkorta I-PER
33-1 O
Albert B-PER

Ferrer B-PER

40-1 O
Chendo B-PER
Porlan I-PER
33-1 O
Miguel B-PER
Nadal I-PER

40-1 O

Laurent B-PER
Blanc I-PER

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
SHOWCASE-FANS O
FACE O
BREATHALYSER O
TESTS O
, O
PAPER O
SAYS O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Spanish B-MISC
police O
will O
breathalyse O
fans O
at O
the O
gates O
of O
the O
Santiago B-LOC
Bernabeu I-LOC
stadium I-LOC
and O
ban O
drunk O
supporters O
from O
Saturday O
's O
big O
Real B-MISC
Madrid-Barcelona I-MISC
game O
, O
the O
Madrid B-LOC
daily O
El B-ORG
Mundo I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Although O
there O
are O
no O
known O
precedents O
in O
the O
country O
, O
the O
action O
is O
envisaged O
in O
Spanish B-MISC
legislation O
governing O
sports O
events O
. O

Tickets O
for O
the O
game O
stipulate O
that O
supporters O
will O
be O
barred O
if O
they O
are O
" O
under O
the O
effects O
of O
alcohol O
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SPANISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
STANDINGS O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Standings O
in O
the O
Spanish B-MISC
first O

division O
ahead O
of O
this O
weekend O
's O
games O
. O

( O
tabulate O
under O
games O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O

against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
15 O
10 O
5 O
0 O
31 O
12 O
35 O

Barcelona B-ORG
15 O
10 O
4 O
1 O
46 O
19 O
34 O

Deportivo B-ORG
Coruna I-ORG
15 O
9 O
6 O
0 O
23 O
7 O
33 O

Real B-ORG
Betis I-ORG
15 O
8 O
5 O
2 O
28 O
13 O
29 O

Atletico B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
15 O
8 O
3 O
4 O
26 O
17 O
27 O

Athletic B-ORG
Bilbao I-ORG
15 O
7 O
4 O
4 O
28 O
22 O
25 O

Real B-ORG
Sociedad I-ORG
15 O
7 O
3 O
5 O
20 O
18 O
24 O

Valladolid B-ORG
15 O
7 O
3 O
5 O
19 O
18 O
24 O

Racing B-ORG
Santander I-ORG
15 O
5 O
7 O
3 O
15 O
15 O
22 O

Rayo B-ORG
Vallecano I-ORG
15 O
5 O
5 O
5 O
21 O
19 O
20 O

Valencia B-ORG
15 O
6 O
2 O
7 O
23 O
22 O
20 O

Celta B-ORG
Vigo I-ORG
15 O
5 O
5 O
5 O
17 O
17 O
20 O

Tenerife B-ORG
15 O
5 O
4 O
6 O
23 O
17 O
19 O

Espanyol B-ORG
15 O
4 O
4 O
7 O
17 O
20 O
16 O

Oviedo B-ORG
15 O
4 O
4 O
7 O
17 O
21 O
16 O

Sporting B-ORG
Gijon O
15 O
4 O
4 O
7 O
15 O
22 O
16 O

Logrones B-ORG
15 O
4 O
3 O
8 O
11 O
33 O
15 O

Zaragoza B-ORG
15 O
2 O
8 O
5 O
18 O
23 O
14 O

Sevilla B-ORG
15 O
4 O
2 O
9 O
13 O
20 O
14 O

Compostela B-ORG
15 O
3 O
4 O
8 O
13 O
28 O
13 O

Hercules B-ORG
15 O
2 O
2 O
11 O
11 O
29 O
8 O

Extremadura B-ORG
15 O
1 O
3 O
11 O
8 O
30 O
6 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SPAIN B-LOC
PICK O
UNCAPPED O
ARMANDO B-PER
FOR O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
CLASH O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Spain B-LOC
coach O
Javier B-PER
Clemente I-PER
has O
added O
uncapped O
Deportivo B-ORG
Coruna I-ORG
midfielder O
Armando B-PER
Alvarez I-PER
to O
his O
squad O
for O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
against O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
on O
December O
14 O
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
believe O
it O
... O

I O
thought O
it O
was O
a O
joke O
, O
" O
said O
Armando B-PER
who O
replaces O
injured O
Atletico B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
playmaker O
Jose B-PER
Luis I-PER
Caminero I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FIFA B-ORG
BOSS O
HAVELANGE B-PER
STANDS O
BY O
WEAH B-PER
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

FIFA B-ORG
chairman O
Joao B-PER
Havelange I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
he O
would O
personally O
present O
AC B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
George B-PER
Weah I-PER
with O
world O
soccer O
's O
fair O
play O
award O
despite O
the O
striker O
's O
attack O
on O
Porto B-ORG
captain O
Jorge B-PER
Costa I-PER
. O

In O
an O
interview O
with O
the O
Italian B-MISC
newspaper O
Gazzetta B-ORG
dello I-ORG
Sport I-ORG
, O
he O
was O
quoted O
as O
saying O
Weah B-PER
had O
been O
provoked O
into O
the O
assault O
which O
left O
Costa B-PER
with O
a O
broken O
nose O
. O

" O
FIFA B-ORG
has O
named O
the O
Liberian B-MISC
for O
its O
1996 O
Fair O
Play O
award O
and O
it O
is O
not O
going O
to O
change O
its O
decision O
, O
" O
Havelange B-PER
said O
. O

" O
A O
reaction O
, O
provoked O
, O
cannot O
erase O
10 O
years O
of O
loyalty O
everywhere O
and O
in O
every O
competition O
. O

" O
I O
will O
be O
happy O
to O
give O
him O
the O
award O
personally O
on O
January O
20 O
in O
Lisbon B-LOC
and O
I O
'm O
confident O
that O
Costa B-PER
himself O
will O
be O
there O
beside O
me O
on O
that O
day O
to O
shake O
his O
hand O
. O
" O

Weah B-PER
was O
suspended O
for O
one O
match O
by O
UEFA B-ORG
, O
European B-MISC
soccer O
's O
governing O
body O
, O
pending O
a O
fuller O
investigation O
. O

The O
incident O
took O
place O
in O
the O
players O
' O
tunnel O
after O
a O
European B-MISC
Champions I-MISC
' I-MISC
League I-MISC
match O
on O
November O
20 O
. O

Weah B-PER
has O
admitted O
head O
butting O
Costa B-PER
but O
said O
he O
reacted O
to O
racist O
taunts O
. O

He O
has O
offered O
to O
apologise O
if O
Costa B-PER
acknowledges O
the O
provocation O
. O

Costa B-PER
, O
who O
needed O
surgery O
on O
his O
nose O
, O
has O
not O
accepted O
the O
offer O
and O
was O
reported O
to O
be O
considering O
suing O
Weah B-PER
. O

Weah B-PER
served O
out O
his O
suspension O
during O
Milan B-ORG
's O
2-1 O
home O
defeat O
by O
Rosenborg B-ORG
of O
Norway B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
defeat O
put O
the O
Italians B-MISC
out O
of O
the O
Europoean B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GUNMEN O
WOUND O
TWO O
MANCHESTER B-ORG
UNITED I-ORG
FANS O
IN O
AUSTRIA B-LOC
. O

VIENNA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Two O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
soccer O
fans O
were O
wounded O
by O
unidentified O
gunmen O
on O
Friday O
and O
taken O
to O
hospital O
in O
the O
Austrian B-MISC
capital O
, O
police O
said O
. O

" O
The O
four O
Britons B-MISC
were O
shot O
at O
from O
a O
Mercedes B-MISC
car O
at O
around O
1 O
a.m. O
, O
" O
a O
spokeswoman O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

The O
two O
men O
were O
hit O
in O
the O
pelvis O
and O
leg O
. O

Police O
said O
their O
lives O
were O
not O
in O
danger O
. O

The O
fans O
, O
in O
Austria B-LOC
to O
watch O
their O
team O
play O
Rapid B-ORG
Vienna I-ORG
last O
Wednesday O
, O
may O
have O
been O
involved O
in O
a O
pub O
brawl O
earlier O
, O
the O
spokeswoman O
said O
. O

Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
won O
2-0 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ITALIAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
MATCHES O
THIS O
WEEKEND O
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Italian B-MISC
Serie B-MISC
A I-MISC
games O
to O
be O
played O
on O
Sunday O
( O
league O
positions O
in O
parentheses O
, O
all O
kick- O
off O
times O
GMT B-MISC
) O
: O

Bologna B-ORG
( O
4 O
) O
v O
Piacenza B-ORG
( O
13 O
) O
1330 O

Along O
with O
leaders O
Vicenza B-ORG
, O
fourth-placed O
Bologna B-ORG
represent O
the O
biggest O
surprise O
of O
this O
Italian B-MISC
autumn O
. O

Led O
as O
usual O
by O
Swede B-MISC
Kennet B-PER
Andersson I-PER
and O
Russian B-MISC
Igor B-PER
Kolyvanov I-PER
in O
attack O
, O
Bologna B-ORG
can O
expect O
a O
tough O
home O
match O
against O
a O
Piacenza B-ORG
side O
still O
exultant O
after O
a O
3-2 O
league O
win O
over O
AC B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
last O
Sunday O
. O

Cagliari B-ORG
( O
16 O
) O
v O
Reggiana B-ORG
( O
18 O
) O
1530 O

Cagliari B-ORG
start O
favourite O
in O
this O
relegation O
scrap O
following O
draws O
with O
Napoli B-ORG
and O
Inter B-ORG
in O
last O
two O
outings O
but O
will O
be O
without O
suspended O
Swiss B-MISC
defender O
Ramon B-PER
Vega I-PER
. O

Bottom O
team O
Reggiana B-ORG
are O
also O
without O
a O
suspended O
defender O
, O
German B-MISC
Dietmar B-PER
Beiersdorfer I-PER
. O

Fiorentina B-ORG
( O
10 O
) O
v O
Perugia B-ORG
( O
8 O
) O
1330 O

Fiorentina B-ORG
will O
be O
without O
three O
suspended O
players O
-- O
defenders O
Daniele B-PER
Carnasciali I-PER
and O
Lorenzo B-PER
Amoruso I-PER
and O
midfielder O
Emiliano B-PER
Bigica I-PER
-- O
for O
a O
difficult O
home O
match O
against O
unpredictable O
, O
attack-oriented O
Perugia B-ORG
led O
by O
in-form O
Croat B-MISC
striker O
Milan B-PER
Rapajic I-PER
and O
the O
experienced O
Fausto B-PER
Pizzi I-PER
. O

Lazio B-ORG
( O
12 O
) O
v O
AS B-ORG
Roma I-ORG
( O
7 O
) O
1930 O

Poor O
man O
's O
Roman B-MISC
derby O
in O
what O
has O
been O
a O
miserable O
season O
for O
both O
Rome B-LOC
teams O
, O
already O
eliminated O
from O
the O
Italian B-MISC
and O
UEFA B-MISC
Cups I-MISC
. O

Lazio B-ORG
have O
injury O
doubts O
about O
striker O
Pierluigi B-PER
Casiraghi I-PER
, O
Czech B-LOC
midfielder O
Pavel B-PER
Nedved I-PER
and O
defender O
Paolo B-PER
Negro I-PER
, O
while O
Roma B-ORG
present O
a O
full O
strength O
side O
led O
by O
Argentine B-MISC
Abel B-PER
Balbo I-PER
, O
Marco B-PER
Delvecchio I-PER
and O
Francesco B-PER
Totti I-PER
in O
attack O
. O

AC B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
( O
9 O
) O
v O
Udinese B-ORG
( O
11 O
) O
1330 O

Can O
Milan B-ORG
sink O
any O
further O
? O

Following O
their O
midweek O
Champions B-MISC
' I-MISC
League I-MISC
elimination O
by O
Norwegian B-MISC
side O
Rosenborg B-ORG
, O
a O
morale-boosting O
win O
is O
badly O
needed O
. O

Liberian B-MISC
striker O
George B-PER
Weah I-PER
makes O
a O
welcome O
return O
for O
Milan B-ORG
alongside O
Roberto B-PER
Baggio I-PER
, O
with O
Montenegrin B-MISC
Dejan B-PER
Savicevic I-PER
in O
midfield O
. O

Good O
news O
for O
Milan B-ORG
is O
that O
Udinese B-ORG
's O
German B-MISC
striker O
Oliver B-PER
Bierhoff I-PER
is O
out O
through O
injury O
. O

Napoli B-ORG
( O
5 O
) O
v O
Verona B-ORG
( O
17 O
) O
1330 O

In-form O
Napoli B-ORG
should O
prove O
too O
strong O
for O
second O
from O
bottom O
Verona B-ORG
despite O
the O
absence O
of O
their O
suspended O
Argentine B-MISC
defender O
Roberto B-PER
Ayala I-PER
. O

Verona B-ORG
's O
slim O
chances O
have O
been O
further O
reduced O
by O
a O
knee O
injury O
to O
their O
experienced O
midfielder O
Eugenio B-PER
Corini I-PER
. O

Parma B-ORG
( O
14 O
) O
v O
Atlalanta B-ORG
( O
15 O
) O
1330 O

Parma B-ORG
may O
field O
new O
signing O
, O
Croat B-MISC
midfielder O
Mario B-PER
Stanic I-PER
, O
in O
an O
attempt O
to O
lift O
a O
miserable O
season O
which O
has O
seen O
them O
go O
without O
a O
win O
since O
a O
1-0 O
triumph O
over O
Cagliari B-ORG
eight O
weeks O
ago O
. O

Parma B-ORG
's O
French B-MISC
midfielder O
Daniel B-PER
Bravo I-PER
and O
defender O
Fabio B-PER
Cannavaro I-PER
are O
suspended O
while O
Argentine B-MISC
Nestor B-PER
Sensini I-PER
is O
out O
through O
injury O
. O

Atalanta B-ORG
look O
to O
Filippo B-PER
Inzaghi I-PER
, O
scorer O
of O
eight O
goals O
. O

Sampdoria B-ORG
( O
6 O
) O
v O
Juventus B-ORG
( O
3 O
) O
1330 O

All-conquering O
Juventus B-ORG
field O
their O
most O
recent O
signing O
, O
Portuguese B-MISC
defender O
Dimas B-PER
, O
while O
Alessandro B-PER
Del I-PER
Piero I-PER
and O
Croat B-MISC
Alen B-PER
Boksic I-PER
lead O
the O
attack O
. O

The O
new O
world O
club O
champions O
may O
prove O
too O
strong O
for O
a O
Sampdoria B-ORG
side O
led O
by O
captain O
Roberto B-PER
Mancini I-PER
but O
missing O
injured O
French B-MISC
midfielder O
Pierre B-PER
Laigle I-PER
. O

Vicenza B-ORG
( O
1 O
) O
v O
Internazionale B-ORG
( O
2 O
) O
1330 O

Not O
exactly O
a O
clash O
of O
the O
titans O
but O
an O
intriuguing O
match O
nonetheless O
. O

Full O
strength O
Vicenza B-ORG
, O
led O
by O
Uruguayan B-MISC
Marcelo B-PER
Otero I-PER
, O
may O
continue O
their O
surprise O
run O
at O
the O
top O
against O
an O
Inter B-ORG
side O
that O
has O
been O
less O
than O
impressive O
in O
three O
successive O
home O
draws O
. O

Inter B-ORG
will O
be O
without O
suspended O
French B-MISC
defender O
Joceyln B-PER
Angloma I-PER
and O
injured O
Chilean B-MISC
striker O
Ivan B-PER
Zamorano I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
EUROLEAGUE B-MISC
RESULT O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Result O
of O
a O
EuroLeague B-MISC
basketball O
match O
on O
Thursday O
: O

Group O
B O

In O
Charleroi B-LOC
: O

Charleroi B-ORG
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
75 O
Estudiantes B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
82 O
( O
34-35 O
) O

Leading O
scorers O
: O

Charleroi B-ORG
- O
Eric B-PER
Cleymans I-PER
18 O
, O
Ron B-PER
Ellis I-PER
18 O
, O
Jacques B-PER
Stas I-PER
14 O

Estudiantes B-ORG
- O
Harper B-PER
Williams I-PER
20 O
, O
Chadler B-PER
Thompson I-PER
17 O
, O
Juan B-PER
Aisa I-PER
14 O

Group O
D O

In O
Belgrade B-LOC
: O

Partizan B-ORG
Belgrade I-ORG
( O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
) O
78 O
Kinder B-ORG
Bologna I-ORG
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
70 O
( O
halftime O
44-35 O
) O

Leading O
scorers O
: O

Partizan B-ORG
- O
Dejan B-PER
Koturovic I-PER
21 O

Kinder O
- O
Zoran B-PER
Savic I-PER
18 O

-DOCSTART- O

SQUASH O
- O
EYLES B-PER
WITHIN O
SIGHT O
OF O
FIFTH O
TITLE O
OF O
YEAR O
. O

BOMBAY B-LOC
, O
India B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

World O
number O
two O
Rodney B-PER
Eyles I-PER
moved O
within O
sight O
of O
his O
fifth O
title O
of O
the O
year O
on O
Friday O
when O
he O
hurried O
in O
only O
40 O
minutes O
to O
the O
final O
of O
the O
richest O
squash O
tournament O
outside O
the O
World B-MISC
Open I-MISC
, O
the O
$ O
105,000 O
Mahindra B-MISC
International I-MISC
. O

The O
Australian B-MISC
brushed O
aside O
unseeded O
Englishman B-MISC
Mark B-PER
Cairns I-PER
15-7 O
15-6 O
15-8 O
. O

Top-seeded O
Eyles B-PER
now O
meets O
titleholder O
Peter B-PER
Nicol I-PER
of O
Scotland B-LOC
who O
overcame O
Simon B-PER
Parke I-PER
of O
England B-LOC
15-7 O
15-12 O
15-12 O
. O

Nicol B-PER
was O
full O
of O
praise O
for O
his O
opponent O
who O
has O
battled O
testicular O
cancer O
to O
return O
to O
the O
circuit O
. O
" O

He O
's O
a O
remarkably O
courageous O
player O
, O
" O
said O
Nicol B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SQUASH O
- O
MAHINDRA B-MISC
INTERNATIONAL I-MISC
SEMIFINAL O
RESULTS O
. O

BOMBAY B-LOC
, O
India B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Results O
of O
semifinals O
in O
the O
Mahindra B-MISC
International I-MISC
squash O
tournament O
on O
Friday O
: O

Peter B-PER
Nicol I-PER
( O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Simon B-PER
Parke I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
15-7 O
15-12 O
15-12 O
Rodney B-PER
Eyles I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mark B-PER
Cairns I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
15-7 O
15-6 O
15-8 O
. O

Final O
: O
Nicol B-PER
v O
Eyles B-PER
, O
on O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GUNMEN O
KILL O
FOUR O
IN O
S.AFRICA B-MISC
'S O
ZULU B-MISC
PROVINCE O
. O

DURBAN B-PER
, O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

At O
least O
four O
people O
have O
been O
shot O
dead O
in O
two O
suspected O
political O
attacks O
in O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
volatile O
Zulu B-MISC
heartland O
, O
police O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

A O
police O
spokesman O
said O
two O
youths O
believed O
to O
be O
supporters O
of O
President O
Nelson B-PER
Mandela I-PER
's O
African B-ORG
National I-ORG
Congress I-ORG
( O
ANC B-ORG
) O
had O
been O
killed O
when O
unknown O
gunmen O
opened O
fire O
at O
the O
rural O
settlement O
of O
Izingolweni B-LOC
on O
KwaZulu-Natal B-LOC
province O
's O
south O
coast O
on O
Thursday O
night O
. O

The O
victims O
were O
18 O
and O
20 O
, O
he O
said O
, O
adding O
one O
other O
youth O
had O
been O
wounded O
in O
the O
shooting O
. O

In O
another O
attack O
, O
also O
on O
the O
province O
's O
south O
coast O
on O
Thursday O
night O
, O
two O
men O
were O
shot O
dead O
near O
Umkomaas B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
suspect O
that O
these O
killings O
are O
linked O
to O
politics O
, O
" O
spokesman O
Bala B-PER
Naidoo I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

There O
had O
been O
no O
arrests O
. O

The O
killings O
came O
just O
hours O
after O
violence O
monitors O
said O
they O
were O
not O
optimistic O
of O
a O
peaceful O
festive O
season O
in O
KwaZulu-Natal B-LOC
and O
pointed O
the O
south O
coast O
region O
where O
18 O
people O
were O
massacred O
last O
Christmas O
as O
one O
of O
potential O
hot O
spots O
. O

They O
said O
the O
recent O
lull O
in O
political O
feuding O
could O
be O
upset O
as O
thousands O
of O
migrant O
workers O
, O
some O
tense O
with O
grudges O
brewed O
in O
the O
cities O
and O
keen O
to O
settle O
old O
scores O
, O
flock O
back O
to O
their O
home O
villages O
. O

More O
than O
14,000 O
people O
have O
lost O
their O
lives O
in O
over O
a O
decade O
of O
political O
turf O
wars O
between O
the O
ANC B-ORG
and O
Zulu B-MISC
Chief O
Mangosuthu B-PER
Buthelezi I-PER
's O
Inkatha B-ORG
Freedom I-ORG
Party I-ORG
in O
the O
province O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

HAVEL B-PER
PRAISES O
CZECH B-MISC
NATIVE O
ALBRIGHT B-PER
AS O
FRIEND O
. O

Klara B-PER
Gajduskova I-PER

PRAGUE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Czech B-LOC
President O
Vaclav B-PER
Havel I-PER
on O
Friday O
welcomed O
the O
appointment O
of O
Madeleine B-PER
Albright I-PER
, O
who O
is O
of O
Czech B-LOC
extraction O
, O
as O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
' O
first O
woman O
Secretary O
of O
State O
. O

In O
a O
statement O
Havel B-PER
, O
who O
is O
recovering O
from O
cancer O
surgery O
, O
said O
: O
" O
Madeleine B-PER
Albright I-PER
is O
a O
distinguished O
friend O
, O
a O
tested O
diplomat O
, O
and O
a O
true O
American B-MISC
of O
fine O
origins O
. O
" O

" O
I O
look O
forward O
to O
continuing O
our O
good O
relations O
... O

with O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
and O
with O
the O
first O
woman O
ever O
to O
hold O
the O
position O
of O
Secretary O
of O
State O
. O

I O
wish O
her O
well O
, O
" O
Havel B-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
to O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Havel B-PER
, O
who O
helped O
lead O
the O
" O
velvet O
revolution O
" O
that O
ousted O
the O
Communist B-MISC
regime O
in O
Prague B-LOC
in O
1989 O
, O
invited O
Albright B-PER
, O
then O
working O
for O
a O
private O
foreign O
policy O
think O
tank O
, O
to O
advise O
his O
new O
democratic O
government O
in O
1990 O
. O

Havel B-PER
had O
a O
small O
malignant O
tumour O
removed O
from O
his O
lung O
on O
Monday O
and O
is O
recovering O
in O
hospital O
. O

Albright B-PER
, O
born O
Marie B-PER
Korbelova I-PER
to O
a O
Czechoslovak B-MISC
diplomat O
in O
1937 O
, O
fled O
with O
her O
family O
to O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
after O
the O
Communists B-MISC
came O
to O
power O
in O
a O
coup O
in O
1948 O
. O

As O
an O
academic O
, O
Albright B-PER
studied O
and O
lectured O
on O
Europe B-LOC
's O
20th O
century O
problems O
before O
becoming O
U.S. B-LOC
ambassador O
to O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
. O

Czech B-LOC
diplomats O
, O
seeking O
to O
have O
their O
country O
included O
in O
the O
expected O
expansion O
of O
NATO B-ORG
, O
praised O
the O
selection O
of O
Albright B-PER
, O
known O
to O
be O
a O
strong O
supporter O
of O
alliance O
's O
integration O
of O
former O
Soveit-bloc B-MISC
countries O
. O

" O
The O
nomination O
... O

is O
a O
clear O
signal O
that O
one O
key O
of O
the O
lines O
of O
foreign O
policy O
will O
be O
the O
strengthening O
of O
the O
trans-Atlantic B-MISC
cooperation O
, O
a O
creation O
of O
strategic O
partnership O
between O
Europe B-LOC
and O
the O
US B-LOC
, O
" O
Foreign O
Minister O
Josef B-PER
Zieleniec I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

" O
( O
Albright B-PER
) O
is O
a O
convinced O
advocate O
of O
NATO B-ORG
enlargement O
and O
of O
stabilisation O
of O
security O
structures O
. O
" O

Czech B-LOC
ambassador O
to O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
, O
Karel B-PER
Kovanda I-PER
, O
told O
the O
daily O
Mlada B-ORG
Fronta I-ORG
Dnes I-ORG
that O
Albright B-PER
" O
is O
a O
little O
light O
in O
our O
diplomatic O
heaven O
, O
" O
but O
warned O
against O
expecting O
her O
to O
exert O
any O
influence O
in O
favour O
of O
the O
Czechs B-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RADIO B-ORG
ROMANIA I-ORG
AFTERNOON O
HEALINES O
AT O
4 O
PM O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Radio B-ORG
Romania I-ORG
news O
headlines O
: O

* O
The O
Democratic B-MISC
Convention I-MISC
signed O
an O
agreement O
on O
government O
and O
parliamentary O
support O
with O
its O
coalition O
partners O
the O
Social B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
the O
Hungarian B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Union I-ORG
( O
UDMR B-ORG
) O
. O

The O
ceremony O
was O
attended O
by O
President O
Emil B-PER
Constantinescu I-PER
. O

* O
The O
three O
parties O
in O
the O
government O
coalition O
have O
committed O
themselves O
to O
a O
real O
reform O
of O
Romania B-LOC
's O
economy O
, O
Constantinescu B-PER
said O
after O
the O
ceremony O
. O

* O
The O
UDMR B-ORG
wants O
to O
contribute O
to O
social O
reform O
and O
economic O
revival O
in O
Romania B-LOC
, O
union O
leader O
Marko B-PER
Bela I-PER
said O
. O

* O
The O
international O
airport O
in O
Timisoara B-LOC
and O
the O
domestic O
airports O
in O
Arad B-LOC
, O
Oradea B-LOC
and O
Sibiu B-LOC
were O
closed O
due O
to O
fog O
. O

-- O
Bucharest B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
40-1 O
3120264 O

-DOCSTART- O

CZECH B-MISC
VICE-PM O
SEES O
WIDER O
DEBATE O
AT O
PARTY O
CONGRESS O
. O

PRAGUE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Saturday O
's O
national O
congress O
of O
the O
ruling O
Czech B-ORG
Civic I-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
ODS B-ORG
) O
will O
discuss O
making O
the O
party O
more O
efficient O
and O
transparent O
, O
Foreign O
Minister O
and O
ODS B-ORG
vice-chairman O
Josef B-PER
Zieleniec I-PER
, O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
Modernisation O
and O
more O
profesionalism O
of O
the O
party O
's O
structure O
, O
having O
financing O
of O
the O
party O
be O
more O
transparent O
... O

are O
absolutely O
fundamental O
, O
" O
Zieleniec B-PER
, O
who O
is O
also O
vice-premier O
in O
the O
government O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

He O
said O
after O
June O
general O
elections O
in O
which O
the O
ruling O
three-party O
coalition O
lost O
its O
parliamentary O
majority O
, O
the O
ODS B-ORG
executive O
, O
led O
by O
Prime O
Minister O
Vaclav B-PER
Klaus I-PER
, O
had O
developed O
proposals O
on O
these O
subjects O
to O
present O
at O
the O
congress O
on O
Saturday O
in O
the O
Czech B-LOC
second O
city O
Brno B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
am O
convinced O
, O
that O
the O
congress O
will O
tackle O
these O
proposals O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
ODS B-ORG
, O
a O
party O
in O
which O
Klaus B-PER
often O
tries O
to O
emulate O
the O
style O
of O
former O
British B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Margaret B-PER
Thatcher I-PER
, O
has O
been O
in O
control O
of O
Czech B-LOC
politics O
since O
winning O
general O
elections O
in O
1992 O
. O

Zieleniec B-PER
in O
the O
summer O
led O
calls O
for O
the O
party O
and O
its O
leadership O
to O
listen O
to O
more O
diverse O
opinions O
, O
a O
thinly-veiled O
criticism O
of O
Klaus B-PER
who O
has O
spearheaded O
the O
country O
's O
post-Communist B-MISC
economic O
reforms O
. O

The O
party O
, O
led O
by O
the O
vigorously-confident O
Klaus B-PER
, O
took O
32 O
of O
81 O
seats O
after O
late O
November O
runoff O
elections O
to O
the O
new O
upper O
house O
of O
Czech B-LOC
parliament O
. O

But O
after O
the O
first O
round O
vote O
a O
week O
before O
, O
the O
ODS B-ORG
had O
the O
potential O
to O
win O
as O
many O
79 O
seats O
. O

Klaus B-PER
and O
his O
coalition O
lost O
its O
majority O
in O
parliament O
in O
June O
lower O
house O
elections O
after O
the O
left-wing O
opposition O
consolidated O
, O
putting O
the O
centre-left O
Social B-MISC
Democrats I-MISC
in O
a O
strong O
second-place O
position O
. O

-- O
Prague B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
42-2-2423-0003 O

-DOCSTART- O

POLAND B-LOC
GOT O
MONEY O
FROM O
POST-WAR O
SWISS B-MISC
ACCOUNTS O
. O

Marcin B-PER
Grajewski I-PER

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Poland B-LOC
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
Swiss B-MISC
bank O
accounts O
, O
which O
in O
many O
cases O
belonged O
to O
Polish B-MISC
Jews B-MISC
who O
died O
in O
the O
Holocaust B-MISC
, O
were O
used O
in O
debt O
settlements O
between O
the O
two O
countries O
after O
the O
World B-MISC
War I-MISC
Two I-MISC
. O

Foreign O
Minister O
Dariusz B-PER
Rosati I-PER
, O
unveiling O
first O
findings O
of O
a O
special O
government O
commission O
, O
said O
that O
in O
1970s O
the O
then O
communist O
Poland B-LOC
received O
460,000 O
Swiss B-MISC
francs O
from O
the O
accounts O
. O

" O
In O
1970s O
, O
Poland B-LOC
received O
from O
unclaimed O
accounts O
in O
Switzerland B-LOC
a O
sum O
of O
460,000 O
francs O
. O

What O
was O
its O
right O
( O
to O
the O
money O
) O
...I O
do O
not O
know O
, O
" O
Rosati B-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
. O

Switzerland B-LOC
stands O
accused O
by O
Senator O
Alfonse B-PER
D'Amato I-PER
, O
chairman O
of O
the O
powerful O
U.S. B-ORG
Senate I-ORG
Banking I-ORG
Committee I-ORG
, O
of O
agreeing O
to O
give O
money O
to O
Poland B-LOC
from O
unclaimed O
bank O
accounts O
of O
Polish B-MISC
citizens O
, O
as O
part O
of O
an O
accord O
on O
compensating O
Swiss B-MISC
nationals O
whose O
assets O
had O
been O
seized O
in O
communist O
Poland B-LOC
. O

Many O
of O
these O
citizens O
were O
Jews B-MISC
murdered O
during O
the O
war O
, O
when O
Nazi B-MISC
German B-MISC
invaders O
killed O
most O
of O
Poland B-LOC
's O
3.5 O
million O
Jews B-MISC
. O

Rosati B-PER
did O
not O
say O
whether O
the O
payment O
in O
1970s O
was O
part O
of O
the O
1949 O
agreement O
between O
Warsaw B-LOC
and O
Switzerland B-LOC
on O
compensation O
to O
Swiss B-MISC
citizens O
whose O
assets O
were O
seized O
by O
the O
Soviet-imposed B-MISC
communists O
authorities O
after O
World B-MISC
War I-MISC
Two I-MISC
. O

" O
I O
expect O
that O
the O
commission O
will O
finish O
gathering O
information O
within O
two O
to O
three O
weeks O
and O
then O
more O
details O
will O
be O
provided O
, O
" O
Rosati B-PER
said O
. O

Rosati B-PER
confirmed O
that O
the O
1949 O
agreement O
had O
provided O
for O
granting O
Switzerland B-LOC
about O
53 O
million O
francs O
and O
most O
of O
this O
sum O
was O
repaid O
with O
coal O
exports O
. O

He O
said O
, O
however O
, O
that O
Switzerland B-LOC
did O
get O
about O
16,000 O
francs O
from O
the O
so-called O
" O
dead O
accounts O
" O
as O
part O
of O
the O
compensation O
. O

" O
About O
16,000 O
francs O
were O
seized O
from O
accounts O
of O
four O
or O
five O
Polish B-MISC
citizens O
, O
whose O
data O
we O
do O
not O
precisely O
know O
. O

The O
issue O
is O
of O
moral O
and O
legal O
nature O
, O
because O
its O
financial O
significance O
is O
small O
, O
" O
Rosati B-PER
said O
. O

Under O
pressure O
from O
international O
Jewish B-MISC
organisations O
, O
Swiss B-MISC
government O
has O
devised O
a O
plan O
to O
pay O
out O
millions O
of O
dollars O
in O
unclaimed O
bank O
accounts O
as O
a O
conciliatory O
gesture O
toward O
Holocaust B-MISC
victims O
. O

The O
conservative O
Radical B-ORG
Democrats I-ORG
( O
FDP B-ORG
) O
have O
said O
they O
would O
ask O
parliament O
next O
week O
to O
order O
Swiss B-MISC
banks O
to O
put O
some O
40 O
million O
Swiss B-MISC
francs O
( O
$ O
31 O
million O
) O
in O
dormant O
wealth O
into O
a O
fund O
earmarked O
for O
Jewish B-MISC
groups O
and O
charitable O
organisations O
. O

But O
Swiss B-MISC
banks O
and O
the O
country O
's O
Jewish B-MISC
community O
voiced O
doubts O
whether O
the O
plan O
would O
work O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

INTERVIEW-ZYWIEC B-MISC
SEES O
NO O
BIG O
97 O
NET O
RISE O
. O

Steven B-PER
Silber I-PER

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Polish B-MISC
brewer O
Zywiec B-ORG
's O
1996 O
profit O
slump O
may O
last O
into O
next O
year O
due O
in O
part O
to O
hefty O
depreciation O
charges O
, O
but O
recent O
high O
investment O
should O
help O
the O
firm O
defend O
its O
10-percent O
market O
share O
, O
the O
firm O
's O
chief O
executive O
said O
. O

Company O
President O
Jean B-PER
van I-PER
Boxmeer I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
in O
an O
interview O
on O
Friday O
that O
the O
firm O
, O
whose O
net O
profit O
fell O
77 O
percent O
in O
the O
first O
10 O
months O
of O
1996 O
despite O
a O
30-percent O
rise O
in O
sales O
, O
might O
only O
post O
slightly O
better O
profits O
in O
1997 O
before O
having O
a O
chance O
to O
make O
a O
more O
significant O
turnaround O
. O

So O
far O
this O
year O
Zywiec B-ORG
, O
whose O
full O
name O
is O
Zaklady B-ORG
Piwowarskie I-ORG
w I-ORG
Zywcu I-ORG
SA I-ORG
, O
has O
netted O
six O
million O
zlotys O
on O
sales O
of O
224 O
million O
zlotys O
. O

It O
has O
produced O
1.5 O
million O
hectolitres O
. O

Van B-PER
Boxmeer I-PER
would O
not O
say O
how O
much O
higher O
1997 O
profits O
or O
market O
share O
could O
be O
but O
said O
sales O
of O
leading O
Polish B-MISC
brewers O
should O
rise O
as O
the O
country O
's O
young O
urban O
professionals O
gradually O
switch O
from O
vodka O
to O
beer O
. O

" O
The O
perspective O
on O
growth O
is O
such O
that O
reasonably O
we O
can O
think O
that O
somewhere O
between O
65 O
and O
80 O
litres O
per O
year O
is O
certainly O
reachable O
, O
" O
van O
Boxmeer B-PER
said O
on O
Polish B-MISC
per-capita O
beer O
consumption O
, O
currently O
around O
40 O
litres O
. O

He O
said O
the O
65-80-litre O
level O
could O
be O
reached O
in O
the O
next O
ten O
years O
and O
make O
Poland B-LOC
, O
with O
its O
40-million O
population O
, O
Europe B-LOC
's O
third O
largest O
beer O
market O
after O
Germany B-LOC
and O
Britain B-LOC
. O

Van B-PER
Boxmeer I-PER
said O
Poland B-LOC
's O
top O
five O
brewers O
, O
which O
produce O
about O
55 O
percent O
of O
the O
country O
's O
beer O
, O
could O
all O
raise O
market O
share O
as O
some O
of O
the O
numerous O
small O
brewers O
fall O
to O
competition O
from O
the O
large O
brewers O
with O
foreign O
investors O
. O

Zywiec B-ORG
is O
31.8-percent O
owned O
by O
Heineken B-ORG
while O
Carlsberg B-ORG
has O
the O
same O
amount O
in O
Okocim B-ORG
. O

Earlier O
this O
year O
South B-ORG
African I-ORG
Breweries I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
( O
SAB B-ORG
) O
bought O
strategic O
stakes O
in O
the O
unlisted O
Lech B-ORG
and O
Tychy B-ORG
brewers O
, O
which O
together O
hold O
more O
than O
20 O
percent O
of O
the O
market O
, O
and O
Australia B-LOC
's O
Brewpole B-ORG
BV I-ORG
has O
a O
controlling O
stake O
in O
Poland B-LOC
's O
larges O
t O
brewery O
, O
Elbrewery B-ORG
Company I-ORG
Ltd. I-ORG
( O
EB B-ORG
) O
. O

Van B-PER
Boxmeer I-PER
said O
the O
tough O
competition O
had O
prevented O
Zywiec B-ORG
from O
raising O
prices O
in O
line O
with O
inflation O
, O
which O
had O
added O
to O
the O
pressure O
on O
the O
firm O
's O
margins O
. O

He O
said O
advertising O
costs O
would O
also O
increase O
in O
the O
fight O
for O
market O
share O
. O

But O
he O
said O
the O
company O
's O
investment O
of O
more O
than O
$ O
100 O
million O
already O
this O
decade O
, O
largely O
in O
production O
, O
would O
help O
position O
it O
to O
compete O
with O
such O
competitors O
as O
brewers O
from O
the O
neighbouring O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
. O

Some O
analysts O
say O
cheaper O
but O
high-quality O
Czech B-LOC
imports O
could O
invade O
Poland B-LOC
once O
tariffs O
for O
CEFTA B-ORG
countries O
are O
lifted O
in O
1998 O
, O
but O
van O
Boxmeer B-PER
says O
such O
a O
threat O
might O
be O
exaggerated O
despite O
the O
Czech B-LOC
beer O
market O
's O
overcapacity O
. O

" O
I O
think O
Polish B-MISC
consumers O
in O
general O
are O
quite O
proud O
of O
their O
beers O
-- O
and O
I O
'm O
speaking O
about O
all O
the O
brands O
-- O
and O
as O
we O
make O
good O
beers O
... O

I O
think O
that O
this O
fidelity O
to O
our O
beers O
is O
a O
factor O
which O
can O
limit O
the O
Czech B-LOC
beers O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Van B-PER
Boxmeer I-PER
said O
Zywiec B-ORG
had O
its O
eye O
on O
Okocim B-ORG
, O
which O
has O
said O
it O
would O
start O
producing O
Carlsberg B-ORG
beer O
next O
year O
, O
but O
that O
Zywiec B-ORG
's O
potential O
production O
of O
Heineken B-ORG
was O
a O
medium-term O
possibility O
rather O
than O
a O
short-term O
one O
. O

He O
said O
his O
firm O
would O
be O
better O
off O
concentrating O
on O
its O
leading O
brand O
, O
Zywiec B-ORG
Full B-MISC
Light I-MISC
, O
which O
accounts O
for O
85 O
percent O
of O
sales O
and O
is O
the O
country O
's O
largest-selling O
brand O
. O

" O
You O
will O
not O
win O
the O
war O
of O
the O
Polish B-MISC
beer O
market O
with O
imported O
international O
brands O
, O
" O
van O
Boxmeer B-PER
said O
, O
adding O
that O
Heineken B-ORG
would O
remain O
an O
up-market O
import O
in O
Poland B-LOC
. O

Van B-PER
Boxmeer I-PER
also O
said O
Zywiec B-ORG
would O
be O
boosted O
by O
its O
recent O
shedding O
of O
soft O
drinks O
which O
only O
accounted O
for O
about O
three O
percent O
of O
the O
firm O
's O
overall O
sales O
and O
for O
which O
7.6 O
million O
zlotys O
in O
provisions O
had O
already O
been O
made O
. O

-- O
Warsaw B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+48 O
22 O
653 O
9700 O

-DOCSTART- O

HAVEL B-PER
HAS O
TRAECHEOTOMY O
AFTER O
CONDITIONS O
WORSENS O
. O

PRAGUE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Doctors O
performed O
an O
emergency O
tracheotomy O
to O
help O
Czech B-LOC
President O
Vaclav B-PER
Havel I-PER
breathe O
after O
cancer O
surgery O
on O
his O
lungs O
earlier O
this O
week O
, O
a O
spokesman O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

He O
said O
that O
the O
procedure O
to O
insert O
a O
device O
into O
Havel B-PER
's O
throat O
, O
done O
after O
his O
breathing O
worsened O
on O
Thursday O
, O
had O
helped O
, O
and O
the O
president O
's O
condition O
significantly O
improved O
. O

" O
A O
worsening O
in O
the O
president O
's O
lung O
functions O
took O
place O
yesterday O
, O
" O
presidential O
spokesman O
Ladlislav B-PER
Spacek I-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

" O
A O
tracheotomy O
was O
performed O
and O
supportive O
breathing O
was O
installed O
through O
the O
help O
of O
a O
breathing O
device O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

After O
these O
steps O
, O
the O
president O
's O
condition O
signigicantly O
improved O
. O
" O

Havel B-PER
has O
been O
recovering O
from O
surgery O
on O
Monday O
which O
removed O
a O
small O
malignant O
tumour O
and O
half O
of O
his O
right O
lung O
. O

Doctors O
after O
the O
operation O
said O
that O
they O
had O
caught O
the O
cancer O
early O
, O
and O
that O
Havel B-PER
could O
fully O
recover O
from O
the O
surgery O
within O
six O
weeks O
. O

His O
spokesman O
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
Havel B-PER
, O
60 O
and O
a O
heavy O
smoker O
, O
had O
also O
developed O
a O
slight O
case O
of O
pneumonia O
in O
the O
left O
lung O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

UK-US B-MISC
open O
skies O
talks O
end O
, O
no O
date O
to O
restart O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
UK B-LOC
Department B-ORG
of I-ORG
Transport I-ORG
on O
Friday O
said O
that O
the O
latest O
round O
of O
" O
open O
skies O
" O
talks O
with O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
had O
ended O
with O
no O
deal O
on O
liberalising O
the O
transatlantic O
flight O
market O
and O
no O
date O
set O
for O
when O
talks O
would O
restart O
. O

A O
spokesman O
for O
the O
DOT B-ORG
told O
Reuters B-ORG
" O
We O
have O
had O
talks O
towards O
concluding O
a O
new O
air O
service O
agreement O
which O
would O
produce O
liberalisation O
... O

useful O
progress O
was O
made O
on O
a O
number O
of O
issues O
, O
but O
not O
all O
. O

No O
date O
has O
been O
set O
for O
further O
talks O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Tambang B-ORG
Timah I-ORG
at O
$ O
15.575 O
in O
London B-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

PT B-ORG
Tambang I-ORG
Timah I-ORG
closed O
at O
$ O
15.575 O
per O
GDR O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

It O
recorded O
the O
day O
's O
low O
of O
$ O
15.475 O
and O
the O
day O
's O
high O
of O
$ O
15.725 O
. O

It O
closed O
at O
$ O
15.80 O
on O
Thursday O
. O

One O
Global O
Depository O
Receipt O
represents O
10 O
common O
shares O
. O

-- O
Jakarta B-LOC
newsroom O
+6221 O
384-6364 O

-DOCSTART- O

Telkom B-ORG
at O
$ O
35 O
in O
London B-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

PT B-ORG
Telekomunikasi I-ORG
Indonesia I-ORG
( O
Telkom B-ORG
) O
closed O
at O
$ O
35 O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

It O
recorded O
the O
day O
's O
low O
of O
$ O
34.475 O
and O
the O
day O
's O
high O
of O
$ O
35.375 O
. O

Its O
previous O
close O
on O
Thursday O
as O
$ O
35.63 O
. O

One O
ADS O
represents O
20 O
ordinary O
shares O
-- O
Jakarta B-LOC
newsroom O
+6221 O
384-6364 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Woman O
charged O
over O
N. B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
arms O
find O
. O

BELFAST B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
woman O
was O
charged O
on O
Friday O
with O
terrorist O
offences O
after O
three O
Irish B-ORG
Republican I-ORG
Army I-ORG
mortar O
bombs O
were O
found O
in O
a O
Belfast B-LOC
house O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Police O
said O
the O
bombs O
were O
found O
hidden O
with O
incendiaries O
and O
ammunition O
that O
were O
blocked O
up O
behind O
a O
kitchen O
wall O
. O

The O
35-year-old O
woman O
was O
charged O
with O
possession O
of O
explosives O
with O
intent O
to O
endanger O
life O
and O
making O
a O
house O
available O
for O
the O
purpose O
of O
terrorism O
, O
police O
said O
. O

She O
will O
appear O
in O
court O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Her O
name O
was O
not O
released O
. O

Security O
forces O
said O
the O
bombs O
may O
have O
been O
intended O
for O
use O
in O
a O
pre-Christmas O
bombing O
campaign O
by O
the O
guerrilla O
group O
that O
is O
battling O
to O
oust O
Britain B-LOC
from O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Britain B-LOC
sets O
conditions O
to O
clear O
American B-MISC
alliance O
. O

Edna B-PER
Fernandes I-PER

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
British B-MISC
government O
warned O
Friday O
that O
it O
would O
refer O
the O
proposed O
trans-Atlantic B-MISC
alliance O
between O
British B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
Plc I-ORG
and O
American B-ORG
Airlines I-ORG
to O
Britain B-LOC
's O
Monopolies B-ORG
and I-ORG
Mergers I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
unless O
the O
carriers O
complied O
with O
a O
number O
of O
conditions O
. O

Trade B-ORG
and I-ORG
Industry I-ORG
Secretary O
Ian B-PER
Lang I-PER
added O
that O
even O
if O
the O
conditions O
were O
met O
by O
both O
airlines O
, O
final O
clearance O
would O
hinge O
on O
an O
open O
skies O
deal O
between O
Britain B-LOC
and O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
to O
liberalise O
trans-Atlantic B-MISC
air O
traffic O
, O
which O
would O
create O
greater O
competition O
on O
the O
routes O
. O

Lang B-PER
said O
he O
supported O
conditions O
proposed O
by O
Britain B-LOC
's O
Office B-ORG
of I-ORG
Fair I-ORG
Trading I-ORG
, O
which O
was O
asked O
to O
examine O
the O
case O
last O
month O
. O

" O
I O
agree O
... O
that O
without O
suitable O
undertakings O
the O
alliance O
would O
be O
likely O
to O
lead O
to O
a O
significant O
loss O
of O
actual O
and O
potential O
passengers O
, O
on O
those O
routes O
where O
BA B-ORG
and O
AA B-ORG
currently O
compete O
and O
for O
all O
passengers O
on O
the O
trans-Atlantic B-MISC
market O
route O
between O
the O
UK B-LOC
and O
U.S. B-LOC
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

His O
comments O
came O
just O
minutes O
after O
the O
latest O
set O
of O
open O
skies O
talks O
ended O
in O
London B-LOC
with O
no O
deal O
signed O
. O

Industry O
sources O
said O
there O
was O
no O
new O
date O
for O
fresh O
talks O
and O
blamed O
the O
deadlock O
on O
uncertainty O
over O
whether O
the O
British B-MISC
Airways-American I-MISC
deal O
would O
be O
cleared O
. O

The O
conditions O
for O
clearance O
of O
the O
alliance O
were O
that O
British B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
and O
American B-ORG
drop O
168 O
slots O
at O
London B-LOC
Heathrow I-LOC
airport O
, O
the O
busiest O
in O
Europe B-LOC
. O

American B-ORG
's O
parent O
, O
AMR B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
, O
said O
it O
did O
not O
view O
the O
terms O
as O
a O
" O
deal O
breaker O
. O
" O

However O
, O
it O
called O
the O
conditions O
" O
more O
severe O
" O
than O
those O
imposed O
by O
other O
regulatory O
authorities O
on O
similar O
airline O
alliances O
. O

British B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
's O
initial O
response O
was O
that O
" O
unconditional O
divestiture O
of O
slots O
is O
unprecedented O
and O
if O
done O
it O
must O
be O
on O
the O
basis O
of O
fair O
market O
value O
. O
" O

It O
added O
that O
it O
would O
be O
" O
prepared O
to O
take O
reasonable O
steps O
to O
assist O
the O
introduction O
of O
additional O
competition O
. O
" O

The O
government O
also O
wants O
British B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
to O
drop O
a O
clause O
in O
its O
agreement O
with O
USAir B-ORG
that O
bars O
it O
from O
competing O
on O
trans-Atlantic B-MISC
routes O
, O
and O
said O
both O
British B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
and O
American B-ORG
should O
be O
prepared O
to O
reduce O
services O
on O
the O
London B-LOC
to O
Dallas-Fort B-LOC
Worth I-LOC
route O
in O
the O
event O
that O
a O
new O
entrant O
wishes O
to O
enter O
. O

It O
also O
suggested O
losing O
some O
slots O
on O
the O
London-to-Boston B-MISC
route O
. O

The O
Office B-ORG
of I-ORG
Fair I-ORG
Trade I-ORG
called O
for O
British B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
/ O
American B-ORG
to O
allow O
third-party O
access O
to O
their O
joint O
frequent O
flyer O
programme O
where O
the O
applicant O
does O
not O
have O
access O
to O
an O
equivalent O
programme O
. O

Lang B-PER
said O
responses O
should O
be O
made O
to O
the O
Office B-ORG
of I-ORG
Fair I-ORG
Trading I-ORG
by O
Jan. O
10 O
, O
1997 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Med O
oil O
products O
mostly O
lower O
as O
Elf B-ORG
strike O
ends O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Mediterranean O
oil O
products O
were O
steady O
to O
mostly O
lower O
on O
Friday O
after O
Elf B-ORG
refinery O
workers O
voted O
to O
end O
their O
nine-day O
strike O
. O

Gas O
oil O
erased O
Thursday O
's O
gains O
, O
plunging O
$ O
5.50 O
a O
tonne O
in O
line O
with O
the O
screen O
. O

Volume O
was O
very O
thin O
and O
market O
remained O
long O
, O
with O
premiums O
down O
$ O
1 O
at O
about O
high O
cif O
quotes O
+$0.50 O
basis O
Genoa B-ORG
. O
" O

The O
sharp O
moves O
on O
the O
screen O
make O
everyone O
nervous O
, O
" O
a O
trader O
said O
. O

Trades O
were O
discussed O
in O
0.2 O
, O
0.5 O
and O
one O
percent O
heating O
oil O
into O
Syria B-LOC
and O
Lebanon B-LOC
and O
there O
were O
fresh O
inquiries O
from O
France B-LOC
and O
Spain B-LOC
for O
low O
sulphur O
diesel O
. O

Interest O
remains O
focussed O
on O
a O
tender O
by O
India B-LOC
for O
a O
second O
purchase O
of O
high O
speed O
diesel O
for O
January O
delivery O
. O

Fuel O
oil O
lost O
ground O
sharply O
with O
weaker O
crude O
, O
but O
also O
suffered O
from O
some O
pricing O
pressure O
. O

High O
sulphur O
cracked O
fuel O
lost O
about O
$ O
3 O
to O
$ O
109-111 O
fob O
Med O
with O
several O
cargoes O
threatening O
to O
overhang O
the O
market O
. O

The O
chance O
of O
material O
heading O
north O
, O
talked O
earlier O
this O
week O
, O
may O
be O
in O
jeopardy O
now O
since O
American B-MISC
fuel O
oil O
is O
expected O
to O
head O
transatlantic O
following O
outages O
at O
two O
coking O
units O
in O
the O
U.S B-LOC
. O

Up O
to O
165,000 O
tonnes O
of O
fuel O
will O
have O
to O
find O
a O
new O
home O
and O
with O
the O
arbitrage O
from O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
to O
Europe B-LOC
open O
Rotterdam B-LOC
is O
a O
prime O
candidate O
. O

Low O
sulphur O
prices O
were O
lower O
with O
cif O
Med O
pegged O
in O
the O
mid O
to O
low O
$ O
140s O
. O

Gasoline O
prices O
fell O
after O
striking O
Elf B-ORG
refinery O
workers O
voted O
to O
go O
back O
to O
work O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

But O
an O
open O
arbitrage O
to O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
and O
tight O
Italian B-MISC
supplies O
after O
Elf B-ORG
scooped O
up O
Med O
material O
over O
the O
last O
week O
, O
continued O
to O
underpin O
prices O
into O
next O
week O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

New O
meningitis O
scare O
hits O
Britain B-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
boy O
has O
died O
from O
meningitis O
and O
a O
girl O
from O
the O
same O
school O
has O
contracted O
the O
disease O
in O
the O
second O
such O
scare O
to O
hit O
Britain B-LOC
in O
as O
many O
weeks O
, O
health O
authorities O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
16-year-old O
who O
attended O
Sale B-ORG
Grammar I-ORG
School I-ORG
in O
the O
northern O
England B-LOC
city O
of O
Manchester B-LOC
died O
less O
than O
a O
day O
after O
becoming O
ill O
. O

The O
15-year-old O
girl O
is O
also O
suffering O
from O
the O
disease O
and O
hospital O
officials O
described O
her O
condition O
as O
serious O
. O

" O
At O
the O
moment O
there O
is O
no O
evidence O
the O
two O
cases O
are O
linked O
. O

However O
, O
we O
are O
assuming O
they O
are O
as O
a O
precaution O
for O
the O
time O
being O
, O
" O
a O
spokeswoman O
said O
. O

The O
more O
than O
1,260 O
students O
at O
the O
school O
are O
being O
given O
antibiotics O
as O
a O
precaution O
. O

Wales B-LOC
grappled O
with O
its O
own O
cluster O
of O
meningitis O
cases O
on O
a O
university O
campus O
in O
Cardiff B-LOC
. O

At O
least O
two O
people O
have O
died O
and O
hundreds O
have O
been O
vaccinated O
in O
an O
effort O
to O
contain O
the O
virus O
. O

In O
Scotland B-LOC
, O
eight O
people O
have O
died O
and O
hundreds O
more O
are O
fighting O
a O
widespread O
food-poisoning O
outbreak O
. O

A O
health O
authority O
spokeswoman O
said O
78 O
people O
suspected O
of O
having O
the O
disease O
, O
including O
64 O
confirmed O
cases O
, O
were O
still O
being O
treated O
. O

Three O
were O
listed O
in O
poor O
condition O
. O

More O
than O
290 O
people O
have O
reported O
symptoms O
in O
Lanarkshire B-LOC
county O
, O
the O
worst-hit O
area O
, O
since O
the O
outbreak O
first O
came O
to O
light O
after O
people O
ate O
tainted O
meat O
pies O
at O
a O
pensioners O
' O
lunch O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Major B-PER
's O
office-Conservatives B-MISC
still O
have O
majority O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

British B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
John B-PER
Major I-PER
's O
office O
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
rebel O
Conservative B-MISC
MP O
Sir O
John B-PER
Gorst I-PER
had O
not O
" O
resigned O
the O
whip O
" O
( O
quit O
the O
parliamentary O
party O
) O
and O
the O
government O
still O
had O
a O
majority O
in O
the O
651-seat O
parliament O
. O

" O
He O
( O
Gorst B-PER
) O
isreserving O
the O
right O
not O
to O
cooperate O
, O
but O
he O
has O
not O
resigned O
the O
whip O
. O

The O
government O
still O
has O
a O
majority O
, O
" O
a O
spokesman O
from O
Major B-PER
's O
office O
in O
Downing B-LOC
Street I-LOC
said O
. O

Gorst B-PER
's O
office O
said O
later O
the O
MP O
would O
not O
feel O
himself O
obliged O
to O
vote O
with O
the O
government O
. O

He O
said O
at O
one O
point O
during O
a O
press O
conference O
: O
" O
I O
have O
seen O
my O
whip O
( O
party O
manager O
) O
for O
next O
week O
which O
, O
of O
course O
, O
does O
n't O
mean O
very O
much O
to O
me O
now O
. O
" O

Before O
Gorst B-PER
's O
statement O
, O
Major B-PER
had O
a O
one-seat O
majority O
in O
the O
651-seat O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Commons I-ORG
lower O
house O
of O
parliament O
. O

In O
his O
formal O
statement O
, O
Gorst B-PER
said O
: O
" O
I O
am O
today O
withdrawing O
my O
cooperation O
from O
the O
government O
and O
shall O
not O
treat O
the O
" O
whip O
' O
as O
either O
a O
summons O
to O
attend O
the O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Commons I-ORG
or O
as O
placing O
me O
under O
any O
obligation O
to O
vote O
as O
advised O
. O
" O

Gorst B-PER
resigned O
over O
a O
hospital O
closure O
in O
his O
constituency O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Electronic B-ORG
Data I-ORG
bags O
flight O
data O
contract O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Information O
technology O
firm O
Electronic B-ORG
Data I-ORG
Systems I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
it O
had O
bagged O
a O
contract O
for O
the O
first O
air O
traffic O
control O
project O
being O
funded O
under O
the O
Private O
Finance O
Initiative O
. O

In O
a O
statement O
, O
EDS B-ORG
said O
the O
contract O
would O
be O
in O
the O
region O
of O
50 O
million O
stg O
. O

The O
contract O
involved O
upgrading O
the O
flight O
data O
processing O
system O
at O
the O
Oceanic B-LOC
Control I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
in O
Prestwick B-LOC
in O
south O
west O
Scotland B-LOC
for O
National B-ORG
Air I-ORG
Traffic I-ORG
Services I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
( O
NATS B-ORG
) O
, O
subsidiary O
of O
the O
Civil B-ORG
Aviation I-ORG
Authority I-ORG
. O

The O
system O
is O
responsible O
for O
the O
control O
of O
aircraft O
flying O
transatlantic O
routes O
from O
Europe B-LOC
and O
North B-LOC
America I-LOC
. O

The O
system O
, O
which O
would O
use O
satellite O
technology O
, O
is O
scheduled O
to O
enter O
service O
in O
2000 O
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44-171-542 O
7717 O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Cricket O
- O
Play O
restarts O
in O
Australia-West B-MISC
Indies I-MISC
match O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Play O
restarted O
in O
the O
first O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
limited O
overs O
match O
between O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
and O
Australia B-LOC
after O
a O
rain O
delay O
of O
50 O
minutes O
on O
Friday O
. O

West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
resumed O
their O
innings O
on O
53 O
for O
two O
with O
opener O
Sherwin B-PER
Campbell I-PER
on O
25 O
and O
Shivnarine B-PER
Chanderpaul I-PER
10 O
. O

Rain O
earlier O
delayed O
the O
start O
of O
play O
by O
30 O
minutes O
. O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

Cricket O
- O
Pakistan B-LOC
beat O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
by O
46 O
runs O
. O

SIALKOT B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Pakistan B-LOC
beat O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
by O
46 O
runs O
on O
Friday O
to O
take O
an O
unbeatable O
2-0 O
lead O
in O
the O
three-match O
one-day O
series O
. O

Scores O
: O
Pakistan B-LOC
277-9 O
, O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
231 O

-DOCSTART- O

Manitoba B-ORG
Pork I-ORG
forward O
contract O
PM O
prices O
- O
Dec O
6 O
. O

WINNIPEG B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Manitoba B-ORG
Pork I-ORG
closing O
forward O
contract O
prices O
in O
Canadian B-MISC
dollars O
per O
hundred O
lbs O
( O
Cwt O
) O
for O
Dec O
6 O
including O
minimum O
guaranteed O
price O
-- O

CONTRACT O
PREVIOUS O
CLOSE O
PM O
CLOSE O
PM O
CLOSING O
RANGE O

DATE O
PM O
CLOSE O
FIXED O
MINIMUM O
AT O
1230 O
CST O

Feb O
97 O
79.94 O
79.67 O
75.55 O
77.01-81.80 O

Mar O
97 O
76.37 O
76.12 O
72.02 O
73.47-78.24 O

Apr O
97 O
74.13 O
74.69 O
70.59 O
72.04-76.81 O

May O
97 O
76.51 O
77.07 O
72.97 O
74.42-79.19 O

Jun O
97 O
77.53 O
77.24 O
73.17 O
74.62-79.35 O

Jul O
97 O
74.45 O
74.01 O
69.95 O
71.39-76.12 O

Aug O
97 O
72.41 O
72.07 O
68.01 O
69.45-74.18 O

Sep O
97 O
69.18 O
69.24 O
65.17 O
66.61-71.34 O

Oct O
97 O
68.00 O
68.05 O
63.98 O
65.43-70.16 O

Nov O
97 O
68.00 O
68.05 O
63.98 O
65.43-70.16 O

Note O
: O
Manitoba B-ORG
Government O
Price O
Index O
( O
C$ B-MISC
per O
cwt O
) O
- O

Dec O
4 O
87.16 O

Manitoba B-ORG
's O
Hog O
Price O
Range O
: O
84.00-86.00 O
per O
cwt O

CAN B-LOC
/ O
U.S. B-LOC
DOLLAR O
EXCHANGE O
RATE O
: O
1.3570 O

Source O
: O
Manitoba B-ORG
Pork I-ORG
. O

( O
( O
Winnipeg B-LOC
bureau O
204-947-3548 O
) O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Canadian B-MISC
West O
Coast O
Vessel O
Loadings O
- O
CWB O
. O

WINNIPEG B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
Canadian B-ORG
Wheat I-ORG
Board I-ORG
reported O
six O
ships O
loading O
, O
10 O
waiting O
and O
four O
due O
at O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
West O
Coast O
, O
as O
of O
Friday O
. O

The O
longest O
wait O
to O
load O
on O
the O
West O
Coast O
was O
13 O
days O
. O

Two O
ship O
loaded O
in O
Thunder B-LOC
Bay I-LOC
, O
one O
waited O
and O
seven O
were O
due O
. O

Two O
ships O
loaded O
on O
the O
East O
Coast O
, O
three O
waited O
to O
load O
, O
six O
were O
due O
. O

Port O
Loading O
Waiting O

Vancouver B-LOC
5 O
7 O

Prince B-LOC
Rupert I-LOC
1 O
3 O

( O
( O
Gilbert B-PER
Le I-PER
Gras I-PER
204 O
947 O
3548 O
) O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

New B-LOC
York I-LOC
timecharter O
fixtures O
- O
Dec O
6 O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

No O
new O
fixtures O
reported O
from O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
. O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
+1 O
212 O
859 O
1640 O

-DOCSTART- O

New B-LOC
York I-LOC
coal O
/ O
ore O
/ O
scrap O
fixtures O
- O
Dec O
6 O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

ORE O
- O
Maritime B-MISC
Queen I-MISC
70,000 O
tonnes O
Dampier B-LOC
/ O
Kaohsiung B-LOC
20-30/12 O
$ O
5.25 O
fio O
35,000 O
/ O
30,000 O
China B-ORG
Steel I-ORG
. O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
Desk O
+1 O
212 O
859 O
1640 O

-DOCSTART- O

Clean O
tankers O
fixtures O
and O
enquiries O
- O
2321 O
GMT B-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

FIXTURES O
- O

WESTERN O
HEMISPHERE O
- O

Danila B-MISC
28.5 O
16/12 O
Caribs B-LOC
/ O
up O
W224 O
Mobil B-ORG
. O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
Desk O
, O
212-859-1640 O

-DOCSTART- O

Dirty O
tanker O
fixtures O
and O
enquiries O
- O
2317 O
GMT B-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

MIDEAST O
/ O
RED B-LOC
SEA I-LOC
- O

Thai B-MISC
Resource I-MISC
264 O
31/12 O
Ras B-LOC
Tanura I-LOC
/ O
Red B-LOC
Sea I-LOC
W46.50 O
Mobil B-ORG
. O

MEDITERRANEAN B-MISC
- O

Lula B-MISC
I I-MISC
85 O
25/12 O
Sidi B-LOC
Kreir I-LOC
/ O
Augusta B-LOC
W100 O
Exxon B-ORG
. O

Spetses B-MISC
139 O
17/12 O
Sidi B-LOC
Kreir I-LOC
/ O
Augusta B-LOC
W97.50 O
Exxon B-ORG
. O

Mesipia B-MISC
77.5 O
17/12 O
Bajaia B-LOC
/ O
Fos B-LOC
W105 O
Exxon B-ORG
. O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
+1 O
212 O
859 O
1640 O

-DOCSTART- O

NYC B-MISC
Jan O
refunding O
has O
its O
1st O
Euro B-MISC
floating O
rate O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

New B-LOC
York I-LOC
City I-LOC
on O
Friday O
said O
that O
it O
planned O
a O
$ O
775 O
million O
refunding O
for O
January O
that O
will O
include O
its O
first O
floating O
rate O
issue O
of O
taxable O
debt O
for O
European B-MISC
investors O
. O

A O
city O
official O
, O
who O
declined O
to O
be O
named O
, O
explained O
that O
Goldman B-ORG
, I-ORG
Sachs I-ORG
, O
which O
this O
summer O
was O
demoted O
to O
the O
second O
tier O
of O
the O
syndicate O
, O
proposed O
the O
floating O
rate O
issue O
and O
as O
a O
result O
was O
promoted O
to O
book O
runner O
for O
this O
offering O
. O

By O
selling O
the O
floating O
rate O
debt O
, O
the O
city O
hopes O
to O
establish O
a O
benchmark O
, O
the O
city O
official O
said O
, O
adding O
that O
it O
needed O
a O
large O
deal O
to O
accomplish O
this O
objective O
. O

The O
city O
in O
late O
June O
sold O
its O
first O
issue O
of O
Euronotes B-MISC
, O
a O
strategy O
that O
it O
says O
saved O
it O
$ O
500,000 O
in O
interest O
costs O
, O
and O
it O
has O
been O
trying O
to O
build O
on O
this O
strategy O
of O
expanding O
the O
pool O
of O
potential O
investors O
since O
then O
. O

In O
November O
, O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
City I-LOC
said O
it O
became O
the O
first O
U.S. B-LOC
municipality O
to O
offer O
bonds O
for O
sale O
in O
European B-MISC
markets O
by O
competitive O
bidding O
as O
it O
listed O
taxable O
bonds O
on O
the O
London B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
. O

The O
refunding O
planned O
for O
January O
also O
includes O
a O
$ O
475 O
million O
tax-exempt O
offering O
. O

No O
specific O
date O
in O
January O
has O
been O
selected O
for O
the O
debt O
sale O
, O
the O
official O
added O
. O

-- O
Joan B-PER
Gralla I-PER
, O
212-859-1654 O

-DOCSTART- O

USDA B-ORG
gross O
cutout O
hide O
and O
offal O
value O
. O

DES B-LOC
MOINES I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
hide O
and O
offal O
value O
from O
a O
typical O
slaughter O
steer O
for O
Friday O
was O
estimated O
at O
$ O
9.54 O
per O
cwt O
live O
, O
dn O
0.05 O
when O
compared O
to O
Thursday O
's O
value O
. O

- O
USDA B-ORG

-DOCSTART- O

Wall B-LOC
St I-LOC
speculates O
about O
Santa B-LOC
Fe I-LOC
savior O
. O

Brendan B-PER
Intindola I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Homestake B-ORG
Mining I-ORG
Co I-ORG
tops O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
's O
list O
as O
the O
most O
likely O
white O
knight O
buyer O
for O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
Pacific I-ORG
Gold I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
if O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
rejects O
unsolicited O
suitor O
Newmont B-ORG
Mining I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
is O
so O
far O
mum O
on O
the O
more O
than O
$ O
2 O
billion O
stock O
swap O
takeover O
proposal O
from O
Newmont B-ORG
, O
announced O
Thursday O
. O

Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
, O
since O
the O
bid O
, O
has O
speculated O
that O
any O
deal O
between O
Newmont B-ORG
and O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
would O
be O
a O
" O
bear O
hug O
, O
" O
or O
a O
reluctantly O
negotiated O
agreement O
where O
the O
buyer O
is O
not O
necessarily O
a O
friendly O
suitor O
. O

Newmont B-ORG
said O
the O
companies O
have O
had O
previous O
contact O
, O
though O
declined O
to O
detail O
the O
encounters O
. O

Analysts O
predict O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
will O
go O
to O
the O
highest O
bidder O
, O
and O
that O
if O
a O
rival O
buyer O
is O
found O
, O
Newmont B-ORG
may O
not O
be O
able O
to O
match O
its O
offer O
. O

They O
said O
the O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
deal O
, O
which O
includes O
desirable O
Nevada B-LOC
mining O
territory O
, O
would O
only O
payoff O
for O
Newmont B-ORG
longer O
term O
. O

Newmont B-ORG
, O
in O
fact O
, O
will O
not O
benefit O
from O
the O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
acquisition O
on O
an O
earnings O
basis O
for O
at O
least O
two O
years O
, O
which O
also O
limits O
its O
capacity O
to O
raise O
its O
offer O
. O

Any O
deal O
, O
friendly O
or O
hostile O
, O
would O
almost O
assuredly O
be O
a O
stock O
swap O
, O
which O
is O
necessary O
to O
preserve O
the O
tax-free O
, O
pooling-of-interest O
accounting O
, O
they O
said O
. O

Analysts O
and O
arbitrageurs O
immediately O
ruled O
out O
Barrick B-ORG
Gold I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
and O
Bre-X B-ORG
Minerals I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
as O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
saviors O
because O
they O
are O
locked O
in O
negotiations O
over O
their O
splitting O
Indonesia B-LOC
's O
Busang B-ORG
vast O
gold O
deposit O
. O

Placer B-ORG
Dome I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
too O
was O
considered O
unlikley O
because O
it O
is O
focusing O
on O
geographic O
expansion O
in O
areas O
that O
do O
match O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
's O
Nevada B-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
America I-LOC
and O
Central B-LOC
Asia I-LOC
presence O
, O
they O
said O
. O

A O
Homestake B-ORG
spokesman O
was O
not O
immediately O
available O
to O
comment O
on O
speculation O
that O
it O
tops O
the O
list O
. O

Homestake B-ORG
, O
based O
in O
San B-LOC
Francisco I-LOC
, O
operates O
gold O
mines O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
Australia B-LOC
, O
Chile B-LOC
and O
Canada B-LOC
. O

Earnings O
in O
1995 O
were O
$ O
0.22 O
per O
share O
, O
or O
$ O
30.3 O
million O
, O
on O
revenues O
of O
$ O
746.3 O
million O
. O

Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
is O
headquartered O
Albuquerque B-LOC
, O
N.M. B-LOC
and O
reported O
1995 O
earnings O
of O
$ O
0.30 O
per O
share O
, O
or O
$ O
40 O
million O
, O
on O
revenues O
of O
$ O
350 O
million O
. O

Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
has O
mining O
and O
exploration O
operations O
in O
Nevada B-LOC
, O
California B-LOC
, O
Montana B-LOC
, O
Canada B-LOC
, O
Brazil B-LOC
, O
Australia B-LOC
, O
Chile B-LOC
, O
Kazakstan B-LOC
, O
Mexico B-LOC
and O
Ghana B-LOC
. O

PaineWebber B-ORG
analyst O
Marc B-PER
Cohen I-PER
said O
he O
lowered O
his O
rating O
on O
Newmont B-ORG
to O
neutral O
from O
attractive O
today O
because O
if O
Newmont B-ORG
merged O
with O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
, O
investors O
would O
have O
to O
wait O
until O
the O
second O
half O
of O
1998 O
to O
realize O
earnings O
accretion O
. O

" O
I O
think O
Homestake B-ORG
could O
come O
in O
as O
a O
white O
knight O
, O
but O
how O
much O
is O
someone O
willing O
to O
come O
in O
above O
the O
Newmont B-ORG
number O
. O

One O
would O
have O
to O
outbid O
by O
at O
least O
15 O
percent O
, O
but O
there O
is O
going O
to O
be O
a O
( O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
) O
deal O
with O
someone O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
Longer O
term O
, O
two O
to O
three O
years O
out O
, O
( O
a O
Newmont-Santa B-MISC
Fe I-MISC
deal O
) O
is O
positive O
, O
it O
does O
all O
the O
right O
things O
. O

But O
in O
the O
near-term O
it O
is O
, O
at O
worst O
, O
neutral O
, O
" O
the O
analyst O
added O
. O

Newmont B-ORG
proposed O
to O
Santa B-LOC
Fe I-LOC
a O
stock-swap O
merger O
at O
a O
ratio O
of O
0.33 O
Newmont B-ORG
shares O
for O
each O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
shares O
. O

In O
Friday O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
trade O
, O
Newmonth B-ORG
was O
off O
1/2 O
to O
46-5/8 O
while O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
added O
1/4 O
to O
15-1/8 O
. O

" O
Newmont B-ORG
said O
it O
wants O
to O
discuss O
a O
friendly O
deal O
with O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
, O
which O
is O
almost O
always O
a O
euphemism O
for O
' O
We O
have O
more O
money O
in O
our O
pocket O
, O
' O
" O
said O
an O
arb O
, O
referring O
to O
a O
possible O
sweetened O
bid O
from O
Newmont B-ORG
. O

Two O
other O
arbs O
called O
Newmont B-ORG
's O
move O
a O
" O
a O
32 O
cent O
bid O
" O
because O
there O
is O
no O
formal O
tender O
offer O
, O
only O
the O
proposal O
letter O
" O
mailed O
" O
to O
Santa B-ORG
Fe I-ORG
's O
board O
. O

-- O
Wall B-ORG
Street I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1734 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Russ B-ORG
Berrie I-ORG
president O
to O
retire O
in O
July O
. O

OAKLAND B-LOC
, O
N.J. B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Russ B-ORG
Berrie I-ORG
and I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
A. B-PER
Curts I-PER
Cooke I-PER
will O
retire O
as O
president O
and O
chief O
operating O
officer O
effective O
July O
1 O
, O
1997 O
. O

Cooke B-PER
will O
provide O
consulting O
services O
to O
the O
company O
through O
July O
1 O
, O
1998 O
, O
and O
will O
continue O
to O
serve O
as O
a O
director O
, O
the O
toy O
and O
gift O
maker O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Zimbabwe B-LOC
executes O
convicted O
murderer O
. O

HARARE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Zimbabwe B-LOC
hanged O
a O
convicted O
murderer O
on O
Friday O
, O
bringing O
to O
eight O
the O
number O
of O
executions O
carried O
out O
in O
the O
past O
year O
. O

A O
statement O
said O
Piniel B-PER
Sindiso I-PER
Ncube I-PER
was O
hanged O
at O
dawn O
. O

President O
Robert B-PER
Mugabe I-PER
's O
government O
has O
resisted O
pressure O
from O
local O
and O
international O
human O
rights O
groups O
to O
abolish O
the O
death O
sentence O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Multinational O
commander O
going O
back O
to O
east O
Zaire B-LOC
. O

Jonathan B-PER
Wright I-PER

NAIROBI B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
Canadian B-MISC
general O
in O
charge O
of O
a O
multinational O
force O
for O
eastern O
Zaire B-LOC
said O
on O
Friday O
he O
was O
going O
back O
to O
Zaire B-LOC
for O
more O
information O
about O
the O
plight O
of O
about O
165,000 O
Rwandan B-MISC
refugees O
adrift O
in O
the O
countryside O
. O

Lieutenant-General O
Maurice B-PER
Baril I-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
in O
Nairobi B-LOC
his O
main O
concern O
was O
for O
a O
large O
group O
of O
about O
150,000 O
refugees O
living O
off O
the O
land O
in O
a O
valley O
about O
65 O
km O
( O
40 O
miles O
) O
west O
of O
the O
eastern O
city O
of O
Goma B-LOC
. O

If O
he O
decided O
it O
was O
necessary O
and O
safe O
for O
the O
aircrew O
, O
he O
would O
not O
hesitate O
to O
order O
airdrops O
of O
food O
for O
the O
refugees O
, O
even O
against O
the O
wishes O
of O
the O
government O
in O
Kinshasa B-LOC
and O
the O
Zairean B-MISC
rebels O
who O
control O
much O
of O
eastern O
Zaire B-LOC
, O
he O
said O
. O

" O
Tomorrow O
I O
'm O
going O
into O
Rwanda B-LOC
and O
my O
intention O
is O
to O
go O
across O
into O
eastern O
Zaire B-LOC
and O
try O
to O
find O
out O
for O
the O
second O
time O
what O
the O
situation O
is O
on O
the O
ground O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

General O
Baril B-PER
saw O
rebel O
leader O
Laurent B-PER
Kabila I-PER
in O
Goma B-LOC
last O
week O
but O
the O
rebels O
told O
him O
the O
crisis O
was O
over O
because O
most O
of O
the O
Rwandan B-MISC
refugees O
have O
already O
gone O
home O
. O

The O
rebels O
do O
not O
want O
the O
multinational O
force O
to O
deploy O
on O
the O
ground O
, O
for O
fear O
it O
might O
help O
the O
Zairean B-MISC
army O
regain O
control O
of O
the O
area O
. O

Kinshasa B-LOC
opposes O
airdrops O
, O
apparently O
because O
the O
food O
could O
fall O
into O
the O
hands O
of O
the O
rebels O
and O
their O
local O
supporters O
. O

Canadian B-MISC
Defence O
Minister O
Doug B-PER
Young I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
the O
multinational O
force O
would O
probably O
not O
have O
to O
make O
food O
airdrops O
or O
intervene O
militarily O
in O
any O
major O
way O
. O

" O
It O
does O
n't O
look O
as O
though O
they O
( O
airdrops O
) O
are O
going O
to O
be O
required O
in O
any O
significant O
way O
because O
the O
NGOs O
( O
non-governmental O
organisations O
) O
are O
in O
that O
area O
on O
the O
border O
between O
Zaire B-LOC
and O
Rwanda B-LOC
, O
" O
Young B-PER
told O
reporters O
. O

But O
General O
Baril B-PER
said O
it O
would O
be O
premature O
to O
rule O
out O
any O
course O
of O
action O
until O
he O
had O
more O
information O
. O

" O
We O
hope O
that O
if O
the O
front O
moves O
forward O
or O
stabilises O
then O
we O
will O
have O
access O
( O
to O
the O
large O
group O
of O
refugees O
) O
with O
reconnaissance O
or O
humanitarian O
agencies O
. O

" O
If O
they O
ca O
n't O
move O
because O
they O
are O
too O
weak O
, O
then O
we O
will O
probably O
consider O
very O
seriously O
using O
air O
delivery O
means O
( O
airdrops O
) O
...It O
's O
complex O
, O
it O
's O
dangerous O
for O
the O
air O
crew O
that O
fly O
in O
there O
and O
it O
will O
have O
to O
be O
absolutely O
necessary O
. O

If O
it O
is O
necessary O
, O
I O
wo O
n't O
hesitate O
to O
use O
it O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Asked O
if O
he O
would O
disregard O
the O
objections O
of O
the O
Zairean B-MISC
government O
, O
he O
said O
: O
" O
It O
would O
have O
to O
be O
in O
the O
last O
resort O
. O

It O
would O
have O
to O
mean O
that O
tens O
of O
thousands O
of O
lives O
are O
in O
danger O
. O

Do O
you O
think O
that O
I O
would O
have O
a O
conscience O
problem O
doing O
it O
or O
not O
at O
that O
time O
? O

And O
my O
mandate O
is O
also O
under O
Chapter O
Seven O
to O
operate O
in O
eastern O
Zaire B-LOC
. O
" O

Under O
Chapter O
Seven O
of O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
charter O
, O
the O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
has O
wide O
powers O
to O
preserve O
peace O
and O
security O
. O

" O
I O
know O
their O
( O
the O
Zairean B-MISC
government O
's O
) O
position O
and O
I O
know O
it O
's O
very O
delicate O
and O
we O
are O
very O
sensitive O
to O
their O
position O
also O
, O
" O
the O
general O
added O
. O

He O
denied O
that O
his O
contacts O
, O
criticised O
by O
Kinshasa B-LOC
, O
with O
the O
Zairean B-MISC
rebels O
amounted O
to O
negotiations O
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
negotiate O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

I O
coordinate O
with O
those O
who O
are O
holding O
ground O
and O
that O
's O
a O
wise O
thing O
to O
do O
. O

When O
we O
do O
n't O
know O
where O
the O
front O
is O
, O
we O
do O
n't O
know O
what O
the O
risk O
is O
. O
" O

Baril B-PER
said O
that O
apart O
from O
the O
group O
of O
150,000 O
, O
U.S. B-LOC
and O
British B-MISC
reconnaissance O
plans O
had O
tracked O
two O
much O
smaller O
groups O
of O
refugees O
-- O
one O
of O
up O
to O
1,000 O
north O
of O
the O
town O
of O
Masisi O
and O
one O
of O
up O
to O
8,000 O
on O
the O
road O
from O
Bukavu B-LOC
west O
to O
Kindu B-LOC
. O

The O
Kisangani B-LOC
office O
of O
the O
medical O
charity O
Medecins B-ORG
sans I-ORG
Frontieres I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
more O
than O
100,000 O
refugees O
were O
trekking O
northwest O
from O
the O
Goma-Bukavu B-LOC
area O
and O
many O
of O
them O
were O
now O
in O
the O
town O
of O
Walikale B-LOC
. O

The O
general O
did O
not O
mention O
these O
refugees O
, O
who O
are O
on O
the O
outer O
limit O
of O
the O
strip O
the O
planes O
have O
been O
checking O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Mauritius B-LOC
put O
on O
cyclone O
alert O
. O

PORT B-LOC
LOUIS I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Mauritian B-MISC
authorities O
put O
the O
Indian B-LOC
Ocean I-LOC
island O
on O
cyclone O
alert O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
weather O
services O
office O
said O
the O
centre O
of O
the O
intense O
tropical O
cyclone O
Daniella B-MISC
was O
570 O
km O
( O
310 O
miles O
) O
north O
by O
northwest O
of O
the O
island O
on O
Friday O
afternoon O
and O
was O
moving O
south O
by O
southwest O
at O
eight O
km O
an O
hour O
( O
four O
knots O
) O
. O

Although O
not O
threatening O
Mauritius B-LOC
directly O
, O
it O
is O
coming O
closer O
to O
the O
island O
and O
could O
change O
direction O
, O
it O
added O
. O

Winds O
up O
to O
75 O
km O
an O
hour O
( O
40 O
knots O
) O
could O
blow O
over O
Mauritius B-LOC
during O
the O
night O
of O
Friday O
to O
Saturday O
, O
it O
said O
. O

The O
weather O
in O
the O
capital O
Port B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
was O
heavily O
cloudy O
on O
Friday O
afternoon O
with O
occasional O
showers O
. O

The O
northeastern O
coast O
of O
the O
nearby O
island O
of O
Madagascar B-LOC
has O
also O
gone O
on O
alert O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.N. B-ORG
evacuates O
staff O
from O
Central B-LOC
African I-LOC
Republic I-LOC
. O

ABIDJAN B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
evacuated O
its O
staff O
in O
the O
Central B-LOC
African I-LOC
Republic I-LOC
on O
Friday O
because O
of O
mounting O
violence O
in O
a O
two-week-old O
army O
mutiny O
in O
the O
capital O
, O
a O
U.N. B-ORG
official O
said O
. O

The O
official O
from O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
refugee O
agency O
UNHCR B-ORG
said O
a O
chartered O
plane O
had O
picked O
up O
the O
staff O
from O
Bangui B-LOC
and O
was O
heading O
for O
Abidjan B-LOC
, O
Ivory B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Senegal B-LOC
proposes O
foreign O
minister O
for O
U.N. B-ORG
post O
. O

DAKAR B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Senegal B-LOC
's O
President O
Abdou B-PER
Diouf I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
he O
was O
proposing O
his O
foreign O
minister O
Moustapha B-PER
Niasse I-PER
for O
the O
post O
of O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
secretary-general O
. O

Diouf B-PER
announced O
his O
intention O
to O
reporters O
when O
he O
returned O
from O
the O
Franco-African B-MISC
summit O
in O
Burkina B-LOC
Faso I-LOC
where O
an O
African B-MISC
successor O
to O
Secretary-General O
Boutros B-PER
Boutros-Ghali I-PER
was O
discussed O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
has O
vetoed O
a O
second O
term O
for O
the O
Egyptian B-MISC
but O
left O
the O
door O
open O
for O
another O
African B-MISC
candidate O
. O

" O
If O
Africa B-LOC
does O
not O
wish O
to O
lose O
its O
turn O
we O
have O
to O
act O
fast O
, O
" O
Diouf B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Some O
of O
my O
brother O
heads O
of O
state O
asked O
me O
if O
I O
would O
n't O
nominate O
Moustapha B-PER
Niasse I-PER
. O

I O
see O
in O
him O
the O
profile O
of O
a O
secretray-general O
of O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
and O
I O
have O
given O
my O
endorsement O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Ex-minister O
, O
son O
killed O
in O
Central B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
unrest O
. O

Raphael B-PER
Kopessoua I-PER

BANGUI B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
former O
cabinet O
minister O
in O
Central B-LOC
African I-LOC
Republic I-LOC
and O
his O
son O
were O
abducted O
from O
their O
home O
and O
murdered O
in O
growing O
ethnic O
violence O
in O
the O
capital O
Bangui B-LOC
, O
a O
government O
minister O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

With O
violence O
spiralling O
out O
of O
control O
, O
France B-LOC
voiced O
backing O
for O
the O
elected O
Bangui B-LOC
government O
but O
said O
its O
troops O
based O
in O
the O
former O
colony O
under O
defence O
pacts O
would O
not O
help O
it O
combat O
army O
mutineers O
. O

" O
France B-LOC
cannot O
be O
involved O
in O
the O
domestic O
political O
debate O
, O
" O
President O
Jacques B-PER
Chirac I-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
at O
the O
end O
of O
a O
Franco-African B-MISC
summit O
in O
Burkina B-LOC
Faso I-LOC
. O

" O
French B-MISC
troops O
may O
only O
take O
part O
in O
maintaining O
order O
to O
avoid O
major O
abuses O
and O
protect O
foreign O
communities O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Public O
Service O
Minister O
David B-PER
Dofara I-PER
, O
who O
is O
the O
head O
of O
the O
national O
Red B-ORG
Cross I-ORG
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
he O
had O
seen O
the O
bodies O
of O
former O
interior O
minister O
Christophe B-PER
Grelombe I-PER
and O
his O
son O
, O
who O
was O
not O
named O
. O

Witnesses O
said O
they O
had O
been O
seized O
by O
troops O
loyal O
to O
President O
Ange-Felix B-PER
Patasse I-PER
at O
dawn O
on O
Thursday O
when O
they O
clashed O
with O
soldiers O
staging O
a O
mutiny O
since O
November O
16 O
. O

Grelombe B-PER
is O
from O
the O
Yakoma B-MISC
tribe O
to O
which O
most O
of O
the O
rebel O
soldiers O
belong O
. O

The O
uprising O
began O
over O
pay O
demands O
but O
has O
turned O
into O
a O
campaign O
to O
topple O
Patasse B-PER
, O
sparking O
ethnic O
violence O
and O
dividing O
the O
capital O
. O

The O
former O
minister O
and O
his O
son O
had O
been O
taken O
from O
their O
home O
close O
to O
the O
presidential O
palace O
, O
which O
is O
guarded O
by O
loyalist O
soldiers O
backed O
by O
French B-MISC
troops O
based O
in O
Bangui B-LOC
. O

The O
bodies O
were O
found O
on O
Thursday O
in O
an O
open O
field O
about O
two O
km O
( O
one O
mile O
) O
further O
away O
, O
said O
Dofora B-PER
and O
other O
witnesses O
. O

The O
men O
were O
seized O
as O
loyalist O
forces O
and O
French B-MISC
troops O
fought O
gunbattles O
with O
mutineers O
who O
fired O
rockets O
into O
the O
city O
centre O
. O

A O
French-owned B-MISC
hotel O
was O
slightly O
damaged O
. O

Yakomas B-MISC
are O
hounded O
in O
stronghold O
districts O
of O
Patasse B-PER
's O
Baya B-MISC
people O
while O
other O
tribes O
have O
fled O
areas O
in O
rebel O
hands O
. O

Roadblocks O
have O
been O
erected O
in O
city O
districts O
while O
central O
Bangui B-LOC
, O
which O
is O
patrolled O
by O
French B-MISC
troops O
with O
tanks O
, O
is O
deserted O
. O

Shops O
and O
businesses O
have O
remained O
shut O
this O
week O
. O

The O
Franco-African B-MISC
summit O
decided O
to O
send O
a O
mission O
Bangui B-LOC
to O
seek O
ways O
of O
containing O
the O
mutiny O
and O
a O
threat O
of O
civil O
war O
. O

Chirac B-PER
said O
Burkina B-LOC
Faso I-LOC
President O
Blaise B-PER
Compaore I-PER
would O
visit O
Bangui B-LOC
" O
in O
the O
coming O
hours O
" O
with O
the O
heads O
of O
state O
of O
Gabon B-LOC
, O
Mali B-LOC
and O
Chad B-LOC
to O
try O
and O
establish O
dialogue O
between O
authorities O
and O
rebels O
. O

The O
mutiny O
forced O
Patasse B-PER
to O
miss O
the O
summit O
. O

His O
spokesman O
had O
predicted O
the O
meeting O
to O
send O
an O
assessment O
mission O
. O

Patasse B-PER
, O
who O
won O
Central B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
first O
multi-party O
elections O
, O
refuses O
to O
resign O
. O

Church-led O
meadiation O
attempts O
hit O
deadlock O
over O
rebel O
demands O
for O
his O
departure O
. O

Soldiers O
staged O
mutinies O
in O
April O
and O
May O
, O
with O
French B-MISC
troops O
stepping O
in O
with O
tanks O
and O
helicopters O
to O
quell O
the O
more O
serious O
second O
uprising O
. O

Patasse B-PER
offered O
concessions O
and O
amnesty O
to O
rebels O
before O
the O
May O
rebellion O
ended O
after O
rebels O
looted O
the O
city O
centre O
. O

Rebels O
accuse O
Patasse B-PER
of O
tribalism O
and O
of O
arming O
his O
civilian O
supporters O
and O
hired O
guns O
from O
Sudan B-LOC
and O
Chad B-LOC
. O

Mutineers O
have O
vowed O
to O
disarm O
all O
civilians O
and O
to O
chase O
out O
the O
foreign O
forces O
knwon O
as O
Codos B-MISC
. O

Hospital O
sources O
and O
witnesses O
said O
about O
10 O
people O
were O
known O
to O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
the O
more O
than O
two O
weeks O
of O
fighting O
, O
including O
two O
rebels O
killed O
in O
Thursday O
's O
clashes O
. O

An O
undetermined O
number O
of O
people O
are O
reported O
to O
have O
been O
abducted O
and O
killed O
outside O
the O
town O
by O
tribal O
vigilante O
groups O
. O

In O
Thursday O
's O
fighting O
, O
French B-MISC
troops O
fired O
back O
as O
mutineers O
trying O
to O
break O
out O
of O
their O
strongholds O
rained O
mortar O
shells O
on O
the O
city O
centre O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Five O
die O
as O
SAfrican B-MISC
crop O
plane O
hits O
pickup O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Five O
people O
were O
killed O
when O
a O
crop-spraying O
plane O
preparing O
for O
takeoff O
crashed O
into O
a O
light O
delivery O
vehicle O
in O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
North B-LOC
West I-LOC
region O
, O
state O
radio O
reported O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
freak O
accident O
occurred O
in O
Mafikeng B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
pilot O
survived O
the O
crash O
, O
but O
the O
driver O
and O
passengers O
of O
the O
van O
were O
killed O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

WEATHER O
- O
Conditions O
at O
CIS B-LOC
airports O
- O
Dec O
6 O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

No O
weather-related O
closures O
of O
CIS B-LOC
airports O
are O
expected O
on O
December O
7 O
and O
8 O
, O
the O
Russian B-ORG
Weather I-ORG
Service I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

-- O
Moscow B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+7095 O
941 O
8520 O

-DOCSTART- O

Skinheads O
attack O
Bratislava B-LOC
Rabbi O
- O
police O
. O

BRATISLAVA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Four O
skinheads O
attacked O
and O
insulted O
the O
rabbi O
of O
Bratislava B-LOC
, O
Baruch B-PER
Meyers I-PER
, O
in O
the O
city O
centre O
on O
Friday O
, O
but O
he O
escaped O
unharmed O
, O
a O
police O
spokesman O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

" O
A O
group O
of O
four O
skinheads O
attacked O
the O
rabbi O
, O
one O
kicked O
him O
in O
the O
hand O
but O
caused O
no O
injury O
, O
" O
the O
spokesman O
said O
. O

" O
All O
four O
attackers O
were O
apprehended O
and O
two O
have O
been O
detained O
, O
" O
the O
spokesman O
added O

He O
was O
unable O
to O
give O
more O
details O
. O

" O
The O
further O
procedure O
is O
now O
in O
the O
hands O
of O
the O
local O
police O
investigator O
, O
" O
the O
spokesman O
said O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second O
attack O
by O
skinheads O
in O
two O
years O
on O
Meyers B-PER
, O
an O
American B-MISC
. O

Meyers B-PER
was O
not O
available O
for O
comment O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Albanian B-MISC
jailed O
for O
threat O
of O
bomb O
suicide O
. O

TIRANA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

An O
Albanian B-MISC
court O
on O
Friday O
sentenced O
a O
man O
who O
threatened O
to O
blow O
himself O
up O
outside O
President O
Sali B-PER
Berisha I-PER
's O
office O
to O
13 O
years O
in O
jail O
for O
guerrilla O
action O
and O
illegal O
possession O
of O
arms O
. O

Buza B-PER
last O
April O
said O
he O
would O
blow O
himself O
up O
outside O
the O
presidential O
palace O
unless O
he O
was O
allowed O
to O
speak O
to O
Berisha B-PER
, O
who O
was O
at O
the O
time O
meeting O
Italian B-MISC
President O
Oscar B-PER
Luigi I-PER
Scalfaro I-PER
. O

Buza B-PER
was O
overpowered O
by O
riot O
police O
less O
than O
one O
hour O
after O
he O
began O
his O
action O
. O

" O
Evaluating O
all O
the O
conditions O
of O
the O
case O
the O
court O
thinks O
the O
sentence O
should O
be O
lower O
than O
the O
minimum O
( O
15 O
years O
) O
, O
" O
Tirana B-LOC
judge O
Qazim B-PER
Gjonaj I-PER
added O
. O

The O
defendant O
denied O
the O
charges O
, O
saying O
his O
action O
was O
intended O
to O
urge O
the O
authorities O
to O
give O
him O
a O
$ O
20,000 O
loan O
. O

Medical O
experts O
had O
concluded O
Buza B-PER
was O
mentally O
unstable O
but O
fully O
responsible O
for O
the O
act O
he O
had O
committed O
, O
Gjonaj B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Polish B-MISC
ex-communist O
president O
to O
visit O
Pope O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Poland B-LOC
's O
ex-communist O
President O
Aleksander B-PER
Kwasniewski I-PER
is O
likely O
to O
visit O
Polish-born O
Pope O
John B-PER
Paul I-PER
in O
early O
1997 O
despite O
uneasy O
relations O
between O
the O
Vatican B-LOC
and O
Warsaw B-LOC
, O
the O
foreign O
minister O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
President O
Kwasniewski B-PER
plans O
to O
visit O
Italy B-LOC
on O
a O
invitation O
from O
President O
Oscar B-PER
Scalfaro I-PER
. O

A O
meeting O
with O
the O
Pope O
is O
also O
planned O
, O
" O
Dariusz B-PER
Rosati I-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
. O

Rosati B-PER
said O
that O
the O
atmosphere O
of O
the O
meeting O
, O
if O
it O
takes O
place O
, O
would O
largely O
depend O
on O
the O
progress O
in O
talks O
on O
ratification O
of O
a O
treaty O
between O
Warsaw B-LOC
and O
the O
Vatican B-LOC
. O

@ O

The O
ratification O
of O
the O
treaty O
, O
which O
was O
signed O
in O
1993 O
by O
the O
then O
right-centrist O
government O
, O
is O
being O
delayed O
by O
an O
ex-communist O
party O
, O
which O
won O
parliamentary O
elections O
in O
the O
same O
year O
and O
now O
dominates O
parliament O
. O

The O
party O
, O
the O
Democratic B-ORG
Left I-ORG
Alliance I-ORG
, O
says O
the O
agreement O
would O
give O
the O
Catholic B-ORG
Church I-ORG
too O
much O
influence O
over O
life O
in O
Poland B-LOC
and O
could O
infringe O
on O
rights O
of O
other O
religious O
groups O
and O
non-believers O
. O

The O
relations O
with O
the O
Vatican B-LOC
have O
also O
been O
soured O
by O
a O
recent O
relaxation O
of O
Poland B-LOC
's O
anti-abortion O
rules O
, O
which O
Kwasniewski B-PER
signed O
into O
law O
last O
month O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Russia B-LOC
warns O
Norilsk B-ORG
, O
not O
expected O
to O
liquidate O
it O
. O

Lynnley B-PER
Browning I-PER

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Russian B-MISC
Finance O
Minister O
Alexander B-PER
Livshits I-PER
warned O
financially-troubled O
Norilsk B-ORG
Nickel I-ORG
on O
Friday O
that O
it O
must O
pay O
overdue O
taxes O
, O
but O
analysts O
said O
the O
firm O
would O
not O
be O
liquidated O
or O
that O
its O
would O
assets O
would O
be O
frozen O
. O

" O
Norilsk B-ORG
really O
is O
a O
big O
debtor O
, O
both O
to O
the O
federal O
and O
regional O
budgets O
, O
" O
said O
Konstantin B-PER
Chernyshev I-PER
, O
equities O
analyst O
at O
Moscow B-LOC
brokerage O
Rinaco B-ORG
Plus I-ORG
and O
a O
Norilsk B-ORG
watcher O
. O
" O

Livshits B-PER
's O
words O
are O
an O
attempt O
to O
put O
pressure O
on O
the O
company O
. O
" O

The O
official O
Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
quoted O
Livshits B-PER
as O
telling O
parliamentary O
deputies O
that O
RAO B-ORG
Norilsky I-ORG
Nikel I-ORG
0#NKEL.RUO O
had O
to O
pay O
its O
tax O
arrears O
and O
that O
bankruptcy O
procedures O
applied O
to O
the O
metals O
group O
. O

" O
If O
it O
was O
an O
unsolicited O
statement O
and O
a O
bolt O
out O
of O
the O
blue O
, O
then O
it O
obviously O
means O
something O
, O
" O
said O
Christopher B-PER
Granville I-PER
, O
chief O
economist O
at O
United B-ORG
City I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
in O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

" O
But O
if O
it O
was O
a O
response O
to O
a O
deputy O
's O
question O
that O
was O
essentially O
loaded O
, O
then O
it O
was O
the O
only O
answer O
he O
could O
have O
given O
. O
" O

Russian B-MISC
tax O
and O
cabinet O
authorities O
, O
under O
pressure O
from O
the O
International B-ORG
Monetary I-ORG
Fund I-ORG
to O
boost O
tax O
revenues O
as O
a O
condition O
for O
receiving O
payments O
of O
a O
$ O
10 O
billion O
, O
three-year O
loan O
to O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
have O
been O
striking O
fear O
into O
the O
hearts O
of O
some O
of O
Russia B-LOC
's O
most O
prominent O
industrial O
firms O
by O
saying O
they O
must O
pay O
up O
or O
face O
liquidation O
. O

" O
They O
could O
freeze O
metal O
, O
but O
it O
's O
not O
a O
long-term O
solution O
to O
the O
problem O
and O
would O
n't O
put O
money O
in O
the O
budget O
, O
" O
Chernyshev B-PER
said O
. O
" O

I O
do O
n't O
think O
they O
would O
do O
that O
. O
" O

Entire O
social O
infrastructures O
in O
the O
icy O
Far O
North O
where O
Norilsk B-ORG
is O
based O
depend O
on O
the O
company O
, O
and O
Moscow B-LOC
has O
said O
it O
has O
no O
finances O
to O
resettle O
hundreds O
of O
thousands O
of O
people O
-- O
an O
expenditure O
which O
could O
far O
outstrip O
Norilsk B-ORG
's O
debts O
. O

Norilsk B-ORG
officials O
declined O
to O
comment O
. O

Analysts O
said O
the O
government O
, O
while O
anxious O
about O
Norilsk B-ORG
's O
debts O
, O
is O
highly O
unlikely O
to O
bring O
the O
nickel O
, O
copper O
, O
cobalt O
, O
platinum O
and O
platinum O
group O
metals O
producer O
to O
its O
knees O
or O
take O
measures O
that O
could O
significantly O
affect O
output O
. O

But O
it O
also O
wants O
Norilsk B-ORG
, O
the O
world O
's O
second-largest O
nickel O
producer O
, O
to O
clean O
up O
its O
act O
. O

" O
The O
procedure O
of O
bankruptcy O
will O
be O
applied O
, O
" O
Tass B-ORG
quoted O
Livshits B-PER
as O
telling O
Duma B-ORG
deputies O
about O
Norilsk B-ORG
. O

It O
indirectly O
quoted O
him O
as O
saying O
Norilsk B-ORG
should O
first O
pay O
salary O
arrears O
, O
which O
in O
the O
past O
have O
led O
to O
worker O
strikes O
. O

" O
It O
is O
unlikely O
that O
Norilsk B-ORG
will O
pay O
these O
debts O
in O
the O
near-term O
-- O
the O
company O
will O
remain O
a O
debtor O
in O
the O
near O
future O
, O
" O
Chernyshev B-PER
said O
. O

He O
estimated O
the O
company O
's O
regional O
debts O
at O
least O
one O
trillion O
roubles O
and O
said O
30 O
percent O
of O
the O
giant O
Krasnoyarsk B-LOC
regional O
budget O
was O
fuelled O
by O
Norilsk B-ORG
money O
. O

Norilsk B-ORG
's O
new O
majority O
shareholder O
, O
Russian B-MISC
commerical O
bank O
Uneximbank B-ORG
, O
has O
said O
it O
is O
reorganising O
metal O
exports O
through O
Interrosimpex B-ORG
in O
order O
to O
boost O
revenues O
. O

But O
the O
changes O
have O
yet O
to O
improve O
significantly O
Norilsk B-ORG
's O
situation O
. O

" O
Uneximbank B-ORG
has O
inherited O
a O
mountain O
and O
whether O
or O
not O
they O
climb O
out O
and O
over O
it O
remains O
to O
be O
seen O
, O
" O
said O
one O
metals O
source O
. O

Norilsk B-ORG
said O
in O
September O
that O
it O
total O
debts O
, O
including O
unpaid O
salaries O
to O
workers O
, O
were O
13 O
trillion O
roubles O
. O

The O
company O
said O
last O
month O
that O
it O
had O
worked O
out O
a O
tax O
payment O
schedule O
with O
authorities O
, O
after O
regional O
tax O
officials O
threatened O
to O
seize O
some O
nickel O
and O
copper O
assets O
. O

-- O
Moscow B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+7095 O
941 O
8520 O

-DOCSTART- O

Estonian B-MISC
Tallinna B-ORG
Pank I-ORG
11-mo O
net O
46.6 O
mln O
kroons O
. O

TALLINN B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Tallinna B-ORG
Pank I-ORG
, O
one O
of O
the O
largest O
banks O
in O
Estonia B-LOC
, O
made O
a O
11-month O
1996 O
net O
profit O
of O
46.6 O
million O
kroons O
, O
the O
bank O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

It O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
it O
made O
profits O
of O
4.5 O
million O
kroons O
in O
November O
. O

The O
bank O
made O
a O
profit O
of O
20.1 O
million O
kroons O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
the O
year O
. O

Tallinna B-ORG
Pank I-ORG
said O
its O
assets O
rose O
17.8 O
million O
kroons O
to O
1.84 O
billion O
kroons O
. O

Demand O
deposits O
rose O
to O
855.8 O
million O
kroons O
from O
834.6 O
million O
kroons O
and O
time O
deposits O
increased O
to O
295.1 O
million O
kroons O
from O
285.3 O
million O
kroons O
. O

-- O
Riga B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+371 O
721 O
5240 O

-DOCSTART- O

Russia B-LOC
ready O
for O
constructive O
work O
with O
Albright B-PER
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Russia B-LOC
said O
on O
Friday O
it O
expected O
a O
constructive O
relationship O
with O
Madeleine B-PER
Albright I-PER
, O
nominated O
by O
U.S. B-LOC
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
to O
be O
Secretary O
of O
State O
. O

Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
quoted O
First O
Deputy O
Foreign O
Minister O
Igor B-PER
Ivanov I-PER
as O
saying O
Moscow B-LOC
was O
ready O
for O
" O
most O
active O
and O
constructive O
" O
work O
with O
Albright B-PER
. O

But O
he O
noted O
that O
policy O
would O
be O
shaped O
by O
Clinton B-PER
and O
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
. O

Clinton B-PER
and O
Yeltsin B-PER
are O
due O
to O
meet O
next O
March O
for O
their O
first O
summit O
since O
both O
were O
re-elected O
. O

" O
Our O
countries O
' O
leaders O
have O
agreed O
to O
meet O
in O
March O
, O
1997 O
. O

The O
Russian B-MISC
foreign O
ministry O
believes O
the O
new O
directions O
in O
the O
development O
of O
Russian-U.S. B-MISC
relations O
will O
be O
worked O
out O
there O
, O
" O
Ivanov B-PER
told O
Interfax B-ORG
. O

Interfax B-ORG
, O
outlining O
Albright B-PER
's O
biography O
, O
pointed O
out O
that O
she O
had O
defended O
Washington B-LOC
's O
interests O
fiercely O
as O
U.S. B-LOC
ambassador O
to O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
and O
that O
this O
had O
included O
actively O
supporting O
NATO B-ORG
's O
plans O
to O
expand O
eastwards O
. O

Russia B-LOC
opposes O
NATO B-ORG
's O
plans O
to O
take O
in O
countries O
of O
eastern O
and O
central O
Europe B-LOC
which O
used O
to O
be O
part O
of O
the O
Soviet-led B-MISC
Warsaw B-MISC
Pact I-MISC
, O
saying O
such O
moves O
would O
threaten O
its O
security O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Yeltsin B-PER
plans O
return O
to O
Kremlin B-LOC
for O
Dec O
25 O
- O
speaker O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Russian B-MISC
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
, O
who O
had O
heart O
bypass O
surgery O
a O
month O
ago O
, O
plans O
to O
return O
to O
work O
on O
December O
25 O
, O
the O
head O
of O
the O
upper O
chamber O
of O
parliament O
told O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
Today O
he O
is O
a O
mobile O
, O
energetic O
man O
with O
lots O
of O
colour O
in O
his O
cheeks O
, O
" O
said O
Yegor B-PER
Stroyev I-PER
who O
met O
Yeltsin B-PER
, O
65 O
, O
on O
Friday O
at O
a O
country O
residence O
. O
" O

He O
told O
me O
that O
he O
had O
lost O
20 O
kg O
( O
44 O
lbs O
) O
which O
is O
natural O
after O
such O
an O
operation O
. O
" O

December O
25 O
, O
a O
normal O
working O
day O
in O
Russia B-LOC
, O
is O
the O
fifth O
anniversary O
of O
Yeltsin B-PER
's O
arrival O
in O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
. O

He O
took O
over O
there O
, O
and O
took O
control O
of O
the O
red O
button O
controlling O
nuclear O
arms O
, O
in O
December O
1991 O
when O
Mikhail B-PER
Gorbachev I-PER
resigned O
, O
marking O
the O
end O
of O
the O
Soviet B-LOC
Union I-LOC
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
has O
been O
shown O
a O
few O
times O
on O
television O
since O
his O
quintuple O
bypass O
on O
November O
5 O
but O
has O
yet O
to O
deliver O
any O
major O
television O
or O
radio O
address O
to O
the O
nation O
. O

Surgeon O
Renat B-PER
Akchurin I-PER
who O
led O
the O
operation O
, O
told O
Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
Yeltsin B-PER
was O
working O
up O
to O
four O
hours O
a O
day O
at O
his O
residence O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bomb O
explodes O
outside O
home O
of O
expelled O
Slovak B-MISC
MP O
. O

BRATISLAVA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
bomb O
exploded O
on O
Friday O
outside O
the O
home O
of O
a O
Slovak B-MISC
politician O
expelled O
from O
parliament O
after O
he O
quit O
the O
ruling O
party O
, O
complaining O
of O
a O
lack O
of O
democracy O
in O
the O
country O
. O

The O
official O
TASR B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
the O
explosion O
blew O
out O
all O
ground O
floor O
windows O
of O
Frantisek B-PER
Gaulieder I-PER
's O
family O
home O
in O
Galanta B-LOC
, O
western O
Slovakia B-LOC
, O
and O
damaged O
the O
main O
entrance O
, O
but O
no-one O
was O
injured O
. O

Gaulieder B-PER
, O
formerly O
a O
member O
of O
Prime O
Minister O
Vladimir B-PER
Meciar I-PER
's O
ruling O
Movement B-ORG
for I-ORG
a I-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Slovakia I-ORG
, O
was O
stripped O
of O
his O
parliamentary O
mandate O
on O
Wednesday O
after O
leaving O
the O
party O
last O
month O
in O
protest O
over O
what O
he O
said O
was O
a O
lack O
of O
democracy O
in O
the O
country O
. O

He O
said O
he O
had O
been O
receiving O
anonymous O
death O
threats O
since O
making O
the O
move O
. O

" O
This O
was O
an O
act O
of O
terrorism O
and O
now O
I O
fear O
not O
only O
for O
my O
own O
life O
, O
but O
also O
of O
that O
of O
my O
wife O
and O
children O
, O
" O
he O
told O
TASR B-ORG
. O

Gaulieder B-PER
's O
family O
was O
sleeping O
in O
a O
bedroom O
at O
the O
back O
of O
the O
house O
and O
were O
unharmed O
by O
the O
blast O
. O

It O
was O
not O
immediately O
clear O
who O
was O
behind O
the O
blast O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bomb O
explodes O
at O
mosque O
in O
central O
Bulgaria B-LOC
. O

SOFIA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
bomb O
exploded O
on O
Friday O
at O
a O
mosque O
in O
the O
central O
Bulgarian B-MISC
town O
of O
Kazanluk B-LOC
, O
causing O
damage O
but O
no O
injuries O
, O
state O
radio O
said O
. O

Violent O
crime O
has O
soared O
since O
the O
collapse O
of O
communism O
in O
1989 O
as O
Bulgaria B-LOC
moves O
to O
a O
market O
economy O
. O

Bombings O
are O
often O
carried O
out O
by O
criminals O
to O
settle O
scores O
but O
the O
motive O
in O
this O
case O
was O
not O
immediately O
clear O
. O

Some O
residents O
of O
the O
Kazanluk B-LOC
area O
are O
Moslems B-MISC
who O
converted O
to O
Islam B-MISC
during O
Ottoman O
Turkish B-MISC
rule O
. O

The O
majority O
in O
Bulgaria B-LOC
are O
Christians B-MISC
. O

The O
radio O
quoted O
police O
as O
saying O
the O
blast O
broke O
windows O
and O
shattered O
the O
door O
of O
the O
mosque O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hungary B-LOC
o O
/ O
n O
rates O
end O
up O
before O
Dec O
10 O
tax O
payment O
. O

BUDAPEST B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Hungarian B-MISC
overnight O
interest O
rates O
closed O
higher O
on O
Friday O
as O
market O
liquidity O
tightened O
before O
the O
December O
10 O
social O
security O
contribution O
payment O
deadline O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

" O
The O
banks O
are O
already O
preparing O
for O
the O
December O
10 O
tax O
payment O
, O
" O
said O
Budapest B-LOC
Bank O
's O
Sandor B-PER
Tolonics I-PER
. O
" O

They O
expect O
a O
larger-than-average O
payment O
. O
" O

The O
overnight O
market O
opened O
at O
22.00 O
/ O
22.75 O
percent O
, O
then O
substantial O
money O
was O
taken O
up O
at O
22.5 O
percent O
. O

But O
later O
, O
rates O
dropped O
and O
closed O
at O
22.00 O
/ O
22.25 O
as O
a O
large O
bank O
finished O
borrowing O
money O
. O

On O
Thursday O
, O
overnight O
rates O
moved O
between O
21.625 O
and O
22.125 O
. O

Dealers O
said O
liquidity O
could O
tighten O
further O
early O
next O
week O
as O
the O
social O
security O
contribution O
payments O
date O
approaches O
. O

-- O
Sandor B-PER
Peto I-PER
, O
Budapest B-LOC
newsroom O
( O
36 O
1 O
) O
327 O
4040 O

-DOCSTART- O

Mexico B-LOC
stocks O
off O
lows O
but O
still O
hit O
by O
Greenspan B-PER
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC

Mexican B-MISC
stocks O
closed O
sharply O
lower O
Friday O
, O
but O
had O
made O
a O
tentative O
recovery O
as O
initial O
panic O
and O
volatility O
abated O
. O

" O
It O
was O
Greenspan B-PER
at O
first O
. O

Then O
once O
we O
saw O
the O
Dow B-MISC
( O
Jones B-MISC
industrial O
average O
) O
was O
not O
about O
to O
crash O
, O
some O
buyers O
stepped O
in O
, O
" O
said O
a O
trader O
, O
referring O
to O
Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
Chairman O
Alan B-PER
Greenspan I-PER
, O
whose O
comments O
that O
assets O
were O
" O
irrationally O
exhuberant O
" O
upset O
financial O
markets O
worldwide O
. O

The O
blue-chip O
IPC B-MISC
index O
ended O
down O
1.29 O
points O
, O
or O
43.56 O
percent O
, O
at O
3,333.05 O
. O

Volume O
was O
regular O
at O
74.7 O
million O
shares O
traded O
. O

Mexican B-MISC
stocks O
were O
also O
hurt O
by O
U.S. B-LOC
long O
bond O
rates O
which O
had O
begun O
to O
rise O
before O
Greenspan B-PER
's O
comments O
and O
were O
inflated O
by O
employment O
data O
released O
before O
trade O
began O
in O
Mexico B-LOC
. O

Yields O
on O
U.S. B-LOC
30-year O
Treasury B-ORG
bonds O
were O
6.51 O
percent O
when O
stock O
trading O
closed O
in O
Mexico B-LOC
, O
unchanged O
from O
Thursday O
. O

On O
the O
broad O
market O
, O
107 O
stocks O
changed O
hands O
, O
of O
which O
losers O
well O
outnumbered O
winners O
by O
75 O
to O
13 O
. O

Traders O
noted O
the O
lack O
of O
blue O
chips O
or O
stocks O
traded O
at O
significant O
volume O
among O
the O
gainers O
. O

Simec B-ORG
, O
the O
steelmaking O
arm O
of O
the O
debt-ridden O
Sidek B-ORG
group O
headed O
the O
losers O
, O
off O
7 O
centavos O
( O
1 O
cent O
) O
at O
1.40 O
pesos O
( O
18 O
cents O
) O
. O

Sidek B-ORG
fell O
4 O
centavos O
( O
1 O
cent O
) O
to O
95 O
centavos O
( O
12 O
cents O
) O
. O

Traders O
also O
remarked O
that O
Mexican B-MISC
ADRs B-MISC
suffered O
in O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
. O

Heavyweights O
Telmex B-ORG
and O
Televisa B-ORG
ended O
off O
25 O
cents O
and O
75 O
cents O
, O
respectively O
, O
at O
$ O
31.125 O
and O
$ O
25.875 O
. O

" O
Falling O
share O
prices O
in O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
do O
n't O
hurt O
Mexico B-LOC
as O
long O
as O
it O
happens O
gradually O
, O
as O
earlier O
this O
week O
. O

It O
's O
a O
sudden O
plunge O
that O
takes O
its O
toll O
, O
" O
said O
Carlos B-PER
Ponce I-PER
, O
research O
director O
at O
Santander B-LOC
. O

Traders O
and O
analysts O
differed O
as O
to O
how O
firm O
the O
relative O
recovery O
on O
Friday O
was O
. O

" O
Some O
buyers O
stepped O
in O
, O
but O
the O
market O
was O
not O
very O
convinced O
. O

Volume O
was O
lackluster O
, O
" O
said O
one O
trader O
. O

" O
The O
market O
's O
very O
healthy O
, O
we O
're O
buying O
, O
" O
said O
another O
trader O
. O

Ponce B-PER
said O
shares O
were O
certainly O
attractively O
priced O
in O
Mexico B-LOC
, O
but O
would O
not O
appreciate O
until O
foreign O
buyers O
stepped O
in O
, O
which O
they O
had O
yet O
to O
do O
. O
' O

-DOCSTART- O

Plastic O
surgery O
gets O
boost O
in O
Brazil B-LOC
. O

Simona B-PER
de I-PER
Logu I-PER

RIO B-LOC
DE I-LOC
JANEIRO I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Plastic O
surgery O
is O
booming O
, O
especially O
among O
men O
, O
as O
Brazilians B-MISC
spend O
much O
of O
their O
new-found O
wealth O
on O
the O
latest O
beauty O
treatments O
, O
said O
the O
organisers O
of O
a O
four-day O
international O
plastic O
surgery O
conference O
that O
opened O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
number O
of O
plastic O
surgeries O
in O
Brazil B-LOC
has O
jumped O
30 O
percent O
to O
an O
estimated O
150,000 O
this O
year O
since O
an O
anti-inflation O
plan O
was O
introduced O
in O
July O
1994 O
, O
Farid B-PER
Hakme I-PER
, O
the O
president O
of O
the O
Brazilian B-ORG
Plastic I-ORG
Surgery I-ORG
Society I-ORG
( O
SBCP B-ORG
) O
, O
said O
. O

The O
number O
of O
operations O
on O
men O
increased O
even O
more O
-- O
by O
80 O
percent O
, O
from O
8,000 O
in O
1994 O
to O
15,000 O
in O
1995 O
, O
he O
said O
. O

" O
Brazil B-LOC
ranks O
right O
at O
the O
top O
for O
plastic O
surgery O
with O
respect O
to O
the O
number O
of O
surgeons O
, O
the O
number O
of O
patients O
, O
number O
of O
operations O
, O
number O
of O
conferences O
. O

Our O
statistics O
are O
the O
highest O
for O
everything O
, O
" O
Hakme B-PER
said O
. O

" O
We O
believe O
the O
increase O
in O
plastic O
surgeries O
for O
men O
results O
from O
the O
difficulties O
in O
the O
job O
market O
. O

People O
need O
to O
have O
a O
more O
youthful O
look O
to O
compete O
in O
the O
job O
market O
, O
given O
the O
profound O
changes O
in O
Latin B-LOC
America I-LOC
's O
economy O
. O
" O

A O
controlled O
exchange O
rate O
, O
trade O
liberalisation O
and O
tight O
monetary O
policies O
have O
also O
dramatically O
curbed O
inflation O
, O
making O
more O
money O
available O
for O
cosmetic O
surgery O
. O

Brazil B-LOC
has O
been O
at O
the O
forefront O
in O
plastic O
surgery O
for O
decades O
and O
is O
home O
to O
one O
of O
the O
most O
famous O
surgeons O
, O
Ivo B-PER
Pitangy I-PER
. O

There O
are O
6,000 O
plastic O
surgeons O
there O
, O
of O
which O
4,500 O
have O
qualified O
to O
be O
members O
of O
the O
SBCP B-ORG
. O

Every O
year O
, O
500 O
new O
plastic O
surgeons O
graduate O
in O
Brazil B-LOC
and O
medical O
students O
from O
all O
over O
the O
world O
come O
to O
study O
there O
. O

Hakme B-PER
attributes O
Brazil B-LOC
's O
fascination O
with O
plastic O
surgery O
not O
to O
excessive O
vanity O
but O
to O
the O
country O
's O
mix O
and O
match O
of O
different O
races O
, O
which O
can O
create O
physical O
disharmonies O
. O
" O

What O
happens O
is O
the O
nose O
sometimes O
does O
n't O
match O
the O
mouth O
or O
the O
buttocks O
do O
n't O
match O
with O
the O
legs O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Brazil B-LOC
's O
most O
sought-after O
beauty O
treatment O
is O
liposuction O
in O
which O
fat O
is O
sucked O
away O
from O
areas O
of O
the O
body O
, O
with O
about O
30,000 O
operations O
a O
year O
at O
a O
cost O
of O
$ O
3,000 O
to O
$ O
4,000 O
each O
. O

Stomach O
tucks O
and O
breast O
operations O
are O
also O
popular O
since O
the O
tropical O
climate O
calls O
for O
flesh-baring O
fashions O
, O
but O
unlike O
women O
elsewhere O
Brazilians B-MISC
tend O
to O
have O
breast O
reductions O
and O
buttock O
implants O
. O

" O
The O
women O
who O
want O
to O
reduce O
their O
breasts O
here O
would O
probably O
want O
to O
increase O
them O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
" O
SBCP B-ORG
Vice-President O
Oswaldo B-PER
Saldanha I-PER
said O
. O
" O

Beauty O
ideals O
and O
cultures O
are O
different O
in O
every O
country O
. O
" O

Plastic O
surgery O
scares O
like O
the O
case O
in O
which O
Brazilian B-MISC
model O
Claudia B-PER
Liz I-PER
fell O
into O
a O
coma O
after O
being O
anaesthetised O
for O
a O
liposuction O
in O
October O
are O
not O
much O
of O
a O
deterrent O
. O

Saldanha B-PER
said O
operations O
fell O
30 O
percent O
immediately O
after O
that O
case O
but O
the O
rate O
was O
back O
to O
normal O
now O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Daily O
Argentine B-MISC
grain O
fixings O
- O
Camaras O
Arbitrales O
. O

BUENOS B-LOC
AIRES I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Avg O
December O
5 O
price O
fix O
: O

Buenos B-LOC
Aires I-LOC
Quequen B-LOC
Rosario B-LOC
Bahia B-LOC
Blanca I-LOC

Oats O
unq O
unq O
unq O
unq O

Wheat O
121 O
130 O
121.3 O
121 O

Maize O
( O
Flint O
) O
113 O
114 O
113.7 O
112 O

Maize O
( O
Dent O
) O
113 O
114 O
113.7 O
112 O

Sorghum O
unq O
unq O
unq O
unq O

Millet O
unq O
unq O
90 O
unq O

Soybeans O
283 O
unq O
283 O
unq O

Sunseeds O
219 O
216 O
220 O
216 O

-- O
Buenos B-ORG
Aires I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+541 O
318-0655 O

-DOCSTART- O

Mexican B-MISC
daily O
port O
, O
shipping O
update O
for O
Dec O
6 O
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

All O
major O
ports O
were O
open O
as O
of O
1000 O
local O
/ O
1600 O
GMT B-MISC
, O
the O
Communications B-ORG
and I-ORG
Transportation I-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
daily O
update O
. O

Tampico B-LOC
port O
authorities O
said O
fishing O
restrictions O
were O
in O
place O
in O
an O
area O
adjacent O
to O
the O
port O
because O
of O
a O
geophysical O
study O
being O
carried O
out O
in O
deep O
waters O
of O
the O
region O
from O
the O
ship O
Kenda B-MISC
. O

The O
ministry O
updated O
port O
conditions O
and O
shipping O
warnings O
for O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
of I-LOC
Mexico I-LOC
, O
Caribbean B-LOC
and O
Pacific B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
. O

- O
Pacific B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
: O

Light O
rains O
along O
the O
coast O
of O
southern O
Baja B-LOC
California I-LOC
and O
Sinaloa B-LOC
, O
with O
the O
rest O
of O
the O
coast O
seeing O
clear O
skies O
. O

Winds O
from O
the O
northeast O
of O
10 O
to O
15 O
knots O
( O
19 O
to O
28 O
kilometers O
/ O
11 O
to O
17 O
miles O
per O
hour O
) O
. O

A O
new O
front O
is O
seen O
emerging O
during O
the O
course O
of O
Friday O
, O
affecting O
the O
north O
of O
the O
Baja B-LOC
California I-LOC
peninsula O
and O
Sonora B-LOC
state O
, O
bringing O
lower O
temperatures O
, O
light O
rains O
and O
waves O
up O
to O
six O
feet O
. O

- O
Gulf B-LOC
of I-LOC
Mexico I-LOC
: O

Cold O
front O
bringing O
light O
rains O
to O
the O
coast O
of O
Tamaulipas B-LOC
, O
but O
with O
the O
rest O
of O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
in O
clear O
skies O
. O

Winds O
from O
the O
northeast O
at O
10 O
to O
15 O
knots O
( O
19 O
to O
28 O
kilometers O
/ O
11 O
to O
17 O
miles O
per O
hour O
) O
. O

- O
Caribbean B-LOC
: O

Tropical O
air O
carrying O
sporadic O
light O
rains O
over O
the O
coast O
of O
Quintana B-LOC
Roo I-LOC
state O
. O

Winds O
from O
the O
northeast O
at O
10 O
to O
15 O
knots O
with O
waves O
three O
to O
five O
feet O
high O
. O

-- O
Chris B-PER
Aspin I-PER
, O
Mexico B-LOC
City I-LOC
newsroom O
+525 O
728-7903 O

-DOCSTART- O

Brazil B-LOC
exam O
cheats O
caught O
using O
" O
pager O
" O
watches O
. O

RIO B-LOC
DE I-LOC
JANEIRO I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Brazilian B-MISC
students O
have O
been O
caught O
cheating O
in O
university O
entrance O
exams O
by O
using O
digital O
watches O
which O
gave O
the O
correct O
answers O
to O
test O
questions O
, O
a O
newspaper O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Rio B-LOC
de I-LOC
Janeiro I-LOC
state O
university O
officials O
discovered O
students O
were O
paying O
15,000 O
reais O
( O
$ O
14,563 O
) O
for O
the O
special O
watches O
, O
which O
operated O
like O
a O
telephone O
pager O
to O
receive O
correct O
answers O
, O
O B-ORG
Globo I-ORG
said O
. O

Seventy-seven O
students O
were O
found O
with O
the O
watches O
and O
disqualified O
, O
O B-ORG
Globo I-ORG
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Chile B-LOC
, O
Mexico B-LOC
to O
seek O
to O
broaden O
trade O
deal O
. O

SANTIAGO B-PER
1996-12-05 O

Chile B-LOC
and O
Mexico B-LOC
will O
start O
negotiations O
next O
year O
to O
broaden O
their O
free O
trade O
agreement O
to O
include O
services O
and O
investments O
, O
Finance B-ORG
Minister O
Eduardo B-PER
Aninat I-PER
said O
. O

Chile B-LOC
hopes O
to O
broaden O
the O
treaty O
signed O
in O
1994 O
beyond O
reduction O
of O
tariffs O
on O
imports O
and O
exports O
and O
add O
provisions O
covering O
services O
and O
investment O
codes O
, O
said O
Aninat B-PER
. O

Both O
areas O
tend O
to O
more O
laden O
with O
friction O
in O
free O
trade O
negotiations O
than O
tariff O
reduction O
. O

' O
' O
In O
January O
or O
February O
, O
we O
'll O
have O
some O
very O
close O
contacts O
with O
Mexico B-LOC
to O
add O
the O
issue O
of O
services O
and O
advance O
on O
the O
issue O
of O
investments O
, O
' O
' O
Aninat B-PER
told O
reporters O
after O
signing O
a O
free O
trade O
deal O
with O
Canada B-LOC
. O

' O
' O
We O
want O
to O
give O
the O
treaty O
between O
Mexico B-LOC
and O
Chile B-LOC
greater O
depth O
and O
coverage O
than O
it O
has O
now O
. O

It O
's O
very O
good O
now O
, O
but O
it O
practically O
only O
covers O
trade O
in O
goods O
, O
' O
' O
he O
said O
. O

Aninat B-PER
also O
said O
he O
was O
confident O
the O
Chilean B-MISC
Congress O
would O
ratify O
the O
treaty O
with O
Congress O
quickly O
. O

' O
' O
The O
reactions O
from O
business O
and O
unions O
which O
I O
have O
seen O
have O
been O
almost O
unanimously O
positive O
, O
so O
I O
do O
n't O
see O
any O
problem O
, O
' O
' O
he O
said O
. O

-- O
Roger B-PER
Atwood I-PER
, O
Santiago B-LOC
newsroom O
+56-2-699-5595 O
x211 O

-DOCSTART- O

Indonesia B-LOC
's O
Belo B-PER
leaves O
for O
Nobel B-MISC
award O
ceremony O
. O

DILI B-LOC
, O
East B-LOC
Timor I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

East B-MISC
Timorese I-MISC
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
Bishop O
Carlos B-PER
Belo I-PER
left O
Dili B-LOC
on O
Friday O
on O
his O
way O
to O
Norway B-LOC
for O
the O
awards O
ceremony O
as O
co-recipient O
of O
the O
1996 O
Nobel B-MISC
Peace I-MISC
Prize I-MISC
. O

Witnesses O
said O
Belo B-PER
left O
the O
territory O
for O
the O
Indonesian B-MISC
capital O
Jakarta B-LOC
accompanied O
by O
five O
other O
people O
. O

It O
was O
not O
immediately O
known O
when O
he O
would O
arrive O
in O
Oslo B-LOC
. O

The O
bishop O
will O
jointly O
receive O
the O
Nobel B-MISC
award O
next O
Tuesday O
with O
East B-MISC
Timorese-born I-MISC
activist O
Jose B-PER
Ramos I-PER
Horta I-PER
, O
who O
lives O
in O
self-exile O
in O
Australia B-LOC
. O

The O
Indonesian B-MISC
government O
has O
condemned O
the O
inclusion O
of O
Ramos B-PER
Horta I-PER
in O
the O
award O
, O
and O
Foreign O
Minister O
Ali B-PER
Alatas I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
Indonesia B-LOC
would O
not O
be O
represented O
officially O
at O
the O
ceremony O
in O
the O
Norwegian B-MISC
capital O
. O

" O
I O
sincerely O
believe O
that O
this O
unfortunate O
choice O
in O
giving O
the O
honour O
to O
such O
a O
controversial O
figure O
as O
Ramos B-PER
Horta I-PER
... O

will O
exacerbate O
the O
problem O
in O
finding O
a O
solution O
( O
to O
East B-LOC
Timor I-LOC
) O
, O
" O
Alatas B-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

He O
was O
responding O
to O
questions O
at O
a O
news O
conference O
called O
to O
discuss O
next O
week O
's O
ministerial O
meeting O
of O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
Islamic I-ORG
Conference I-ORG
( O
OIC B-ORG
) O
in O
Jakarta B-LOC
. O

Ramos B-PER
Horta I-PER
has O
been O
a O
vocal O
leader O
of O
the O
opposition O
to O
Jakarta B-LOC
's O
rule O
in O
the O
territory O
. O

Belo B-PER
and O
Ramos B-PER
Horta I-PER
were O
awared O
the O
prize O
for O
their O
efforts O
to O
secure O
a O
peaceful O
solution O
to O
the O
issue O
of O
East B-LOC
Timor I-LOC
, O
a O
former O
Portuguese B-MISC
colony O
which O
Indonesia B-LOC
invaded O
in O
1975 O
and O
annexed O
the O
following O
year O
. O

The O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
has O
never O
recognised O
Jakarta B-LOC
's O
move O
. O

Alatas B-PER
said O
the O
government O
's O
position O
on O
the O
Nobel B-MISC
Peace I-MISC
Prize I-MISC
would O
have O
been O
different O
if O
it O
had O
been O
awarded O
solely O
to O
Belo B-PER
. O

Asked O
if O
the O
Indonesian B-MISC
ambassador O
to O
Norway B-LOC
would O
have O
attended O
the O
ceremony O
if O
only O
Belo B-PER
had O
been O
involved O
, O
Alatas B-PER
replied O
: O
" O
Probably O
, O
yes O
, O
but O
that O
is O
a O
hypothetical O
question O
. O
" O

Alatas B-PER
said O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
on O
his O
way O
back O
from O
Oslo B-LOC
, O
Belo B-PER
would O
visit O
the O
Vatican B-LOC
to O
see O
the O
Pope O
, O
and O
would O
also O
meet O
German B-MISC
Chancellor O
Helmut B-PER
Kohl I-PER
in O
Bonn B-LOC
. O

Kohl B-PER
had O
wanted O
to O
meet O
Belo B-PER
during O
the O
chancellor O
's O
official O
visit O
to O
Indonesia B-LOC
last O
month O
, O
but O
the O
bishop O
was O
too O
busy O
in O
East B-LOC
Timor I-LOC
to O
come O
to O
Jakarta B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
to O
open O
port O
in O
Hainan B-LOC
to O
foreign O
ships O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

China B-LOC
's O
State B-ORG
Council I-ORG
, O
or O
cabinet O
, O
has O
given O
a O
port O
in O
the O
southern O
province O
of O
Hainan B-LOC
permission O
to O
open O
to O
foreign O
vessels O
, O
the O
Xinhua B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Xinhua B-ORG
did O
not O
say O
when O
Qinglan B-LOC
port O
in O
Wenchang B-LOC
city O
would O
be O
opened O
to O
foreign O
vessels O
. O

Wenchang B-LOC
has O
built O
a O
berth O
for O
5,000 O
deadweight-tonne O
container O
ships O
at O
the O
port O
and O
invested O
34 O
million O
yuan O
( O
$ O
4.1 O
million O
) O
to O
dredge O
the O
harbour O
, O
Xinhua B-ORG
said O
. O

It O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

( O
$ O
1 O
= O
8.3 O
yuan O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Government O
disperses O
protest O
with O
water O
cannons O
. O

RANGOON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Burmese B-MISC
troops O
and O
riot O
police O
moved O
in O
to O
disperse O
a O
student O
street O
protest O
at O
a O
suburban O
road O
junction O
near O
the O
Ranyon B-ORG
( I-ORG
Rangoon I-ORG
) I-ORG
University I-ORG
early O
on O
Saturday O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

They O
said O
police O
and O
troops O
used O
water O
cannons O
from O
fire O
engines O
to O
subdue O
about O
120 O
university O
students O
sitting O
in O
at O
the O
centre O
of O
the O
junction O
at O
about O
3 O
a.m. O
before O
they O
moved O
in O
to O
round O
them O
up O
. O

The O
students O
, O
who O
had O
staged O
an O
11-hour O
protest O
at O
the O
junction O
in O
northern O
Rangoon B-LOC
, O
were O
taken O
away O
in O
three O
vehicles O
. O

The O
witnesses O
said O
some O
of O
the O
students O
were O
hit O
with O
batons O
while O
they O
were O
herded O
onto O
the O
vehicles O
and O
it O
was O
believed O
they O
were O
taken O
to O
the O
Insein B-LOC
prison O
in O
suburban O
Rangoon B-LOC
. O

The O
protesting O
students O
, O
mostly O
from O
Rangoon B-ORG
University I-ORG
, O
were O
demanding O
the O
right O
to O
organise O
independent O
unions O
on O
campuses O
and O
the O
release O
of O
about O
80 O
student O
leaders O
currently O
in O
jail O
. O

They O
were O
among O
500 O
students O
who O
started O
demonstrating O
at O
the O
intersection O
on O
late O
Friday O
afternoon O
. O

The O
protest O
was O
the O
second O
major O
one O
in O
five O
days O
in O
the O
capital O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Burmese B-MISC
students O
march O
briefly O
out O
of O
campus O
. O

Vithoon B-PER
Amorn I-PER

RANGOON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

About O
200 O
Burmese B-MISC
students O
marched O
briefly O
from O
troubled O
Yangon B-ORG
Institute I-ORG
of I-ORG
Technology I-ORG
in O
northern O
Rangoon B-LOC
on O
Friday O
towards O
the O
University B-ORG
of I-ORG
Yangon I-ORG
six O
km O
( O
four O
miles O
) O
away O
, O
and O
returned O
to O
their O
campus O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

Seven O
truckloads O
of O
armed O
riot O
police O
and O
three O
fire O
engines O
were O
on O
standby O
at O
one O
of O
the O
junctions O
near O
the O
institute O
. O

There O
were O
no O
clashes O
. O

" O
They O
are O
now O
back O
in O
the O
YIT B-ORG
campus O
, O
" O
an O
institute O
official O
who O
declined O
to O
be O
identified O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
by O
telephone O
. O

One O
of O
two O
roads O
leading O
to O
the O
University B-ORG
of I-ORG
Yangon I-ORG
from O
the O
institute O
had O
been O
closed O
by O
authorities O
. O

But O
about O
300 O
university O
students O
were O
still O
gathered O
outside O
the O
gates O
of O
their O
campus O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

They O
were O
singing O
peacefully O
. O

On O
Monday O
and O
Tuesday O
, O
students O
from O
the O
institute O
and O
the O
university O
launched O
protests O
against O
what O
they O
said O
was O
unfair O
handling O
by O
police O
of O
a O
brawl O
between O
some O
of O
their O
colleagues O
and O
restaurant O
owners O
in O
October O
. O

On O
Tuesday O
and O
Wednesday O
, O
opposition O
leader O
Aung B-PER
San I-PER
Suu I-PER
Kyi I-PER
was O
restricted O
to O
her O
home O
by O
the O
military O
government O
to O
prevent O
her O
from O
being O
drawn O
into O
the O
protests O
. O

She O
was O
allowed O
to O
move O
freely O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
protest O
culminated O
at O
dawn O
on O
Tuesday O
with O
several O
hundred O
students O
being O
detained O
briefly O
by O
police O
in O
central O
Rangoon B-LOC
. O

The O
street O
protests O
were O
the O
biggest O
seen O
in O
the O
capital O
since O
the O
student-led O
pro-democracry O
demonstrations O
of O
September O
1988 O
when O
the O
junta O
crushed O
the O
uprising O
. O

Thousands O
were O
killed O
or O
imprisoned O
. O

Earlier O
on O
Friday O
some O
of O
the O
students O
, O
who O
were O
held O
briefly O
by O
police O
during O
the O
protests O
earlier O
this O
week O
, O
said O
they O
were O
still O
dissatisfied O
with O
the O
military O
government O
. O

They O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
they O
were O
unhappy O
that O
the O
ruling O
State B-ORG
Law I-ORG
and I-ORG
Order I-ORG
Restoration I-ORG
Council I-ORG
( O
SLORC B-ORG
) O
had O
not O
heeded O
their O
calls O
for O
the O
right O
to O
organise O
independent O
unions O
on O
campus O
. O

" O
We O
still O
want O
government O
answers O
to O
our O
demands O
. O

We O
want O
police O
punishment O
to O
be O
published O
in O
newspapers O
, O
" O
one O
student O
said O
. O

But O
the O
students O
stressed O
their O
protests O
were O
non-political O
and O
they O
had O
no O
contact O
with O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
's O
National B-ORG
League I-ORG
for I-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
( O
NLD B-ORG
) O
. O

Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
, O
a O
Nobel B-MISC
laureate O
and O
daughter O
of O
independence O
hero O
Aung B-PER
San I-PER
, O
and O
key O
NLD B-ORG
officials O
have O
also O
denied O
any O
link O
with O
the O
students O
. O

But O
they O
have O
said O
both O
parties O
had O
a O
" O
moral O
link O
" O
in O
that O
they O
were O
against O
police O
brutality O
and O
injustice O
. O

The O
students O
also O
demanded O
the O
government O
announce O
punishments O
meted O
out O
to O
policemen O
who O
they O
said O
had O
manhandled O
students O
involved O
in O
a O
brawl O
with O
some O
restaurant O
owners O
near O
the O
Yangon B-LOC
institute O
in O
October O
. O

The O
students O
appealed O
to O
the O
government O
not O
to O
close O
the O
institute O
because O
of O
their O
latest O
demonstration O
. O

The O
institute O
was O
shut O
for O
nearly O
two O
years O
after O
the O
1988 O
uprising O
. O

On O
Friday O
, O
the O
road O
leading O
to O
Suu B-PER
Kyi I-PER
's O
lakeside O
residence O
in O
central O
Rangoon B-LOC
remained O
closed O
by O
police O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Union O
leaders O
outraged O
by O
WTO B-ORG
snub O
to O
ILO B-ORG
head O
. O

SINGAPORE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

International O
trade O
union O
leaders O
on O
Friday O
expressed O
outrage O
that O
the O
head O
of O
the O
International B-ORG
Labour I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
( O
ILO B-ORG
) O
had O
been O
barred O
from O
speaking O
at O
next O
week O
's O
WTO B-ORG
meeting O
in O
Singapore B-LOC
. O

Bill B-PER
Jordan I-PER
, O
general O
secretary O
of O
the O
International B-ORG
Confederation I-ORG
of I-ORG
Free I-ORG
Trade I-ORG
Unions I-ORG
( O
ICFTU B-ORG
) O
, O
told O
a O
news O
conference O
the O
withdrawal O
of O
a O
WTO B-ORG
invitation O
to O
ILO B-ORG
director O
general O
Michel B-PER
Hansenne I-PER
was O
" O
outrageous O
behaviour O
on O
the O
part O
of O
an O
organisation O
that O
wants O
to O
command O
respect O
in O
the O
world O
" O
. O

Jordan B-PER
said O
a O
small O
group O
of O
developing O
nations O
that O
oppose O
linking O
trade O
talks O
and O
labour O
conditions O
had O
pressured O
World B-ORG
Trade I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
( O
WTO B-ORG
) O
officials O
to O
prevent O
Hansenne O
from O
taking O
the O
platform O
to O
urge O
such O
links O
. O

" O
It O
is O
to O
their O
shame O
that O
those O
who O
are O
responsible O
for O
encouraging O
this O
meeting O
responded O
( O
to O
the O
pressure O
) O
in O
silencing O
him O
, O
" O
Jordan B-PER
said O
after O
the O
opening O
of O
an O
ICFTU B-ORG
conference O
on O
international O
labour O
standards O
and O
trade O
. O

The O
three-day O
trade O
union O
conference O
in O
Singapore B-LOC
hopes O
to O
push O
labour O
issues O
onto O
the O
WTO B-ORG
agenda O
. O

Jordan B-PER
said O
the O
WTO B-ORG
's O
credibility O
was O
at O
stake O
over O
the O
issue O
of O
trade O
and O
labour O
. O

The O
ICFTU B-ORG
said O
it O
wanted O
the O
WTO B-ORG
conference O
beginning O
on O
Monday O
to O
outlaw O
forced O
and O
child O
labour O
, O
end O
discrimination O
in O
hiring O
, O
and O
guarantee O
the O
right O
to O
join O
a O
union O
. O

Bill B-PER
Brett I-PER
, O
chairman O
of O
the O
ILO B-ORG
Workers I-ORG
Group I-ORG
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
before O
the O
news O
conference O
he O
was O
" O
not O
too O
surprised O
, O
but O
very O
disappointed O
" O
that O
the O
speaking O
invitation O
had O
been O
withdrawn O
. O

" O
Some O
governments O
are O
very O
determined O
to O
stop O
the O
issue O
( O
of O
trade O
and O
labour O
rights O
) O
being O
discussed O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
adding O
that O
the O
Association B-ORG
of I-ORG
Southeast I-ORG
Asian I-ORG
Nations I-ORG
( O
ASEAN B-ORG
) O
seemed O
particularly O
hostile O
to O
the O
ILO B-ORG
agenda O
. O

ASEAN B-ORG
groups O
Brunei B-LOC
, O
Indonesia B-LOC
, O
Malaysia B-LOC
, O
the O
Philippines B-LOC
, O
Singapore B-LOC
, O
Thailand B-LOC
and O
Vietnam B-LOC
. O

The O
ILO B-ORG
wants O
a O
trade O
and O
labour O
rights O
" O
social O
clause O
" O
included O
in O
the O
final O
ministerial O
statement O
issued O
by O
WTO B-ORG
leaders O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
meeting O
, O
the O
organization O
's O
first O
ministerial-level O
gathering O
. O

Speaking O
to O
ICFTU B-ORG
delegates O
, O
Richard B-PER
Eglin I-PER
, O
director O
of O
the O
WTO B-ORG
secretariat O
, O
said O
the O
WTO B-ORG
was O
capable O
of O
making O
a O
significant O
contribution O
to O
governmental O
efforts O
to O
solve O
social O
problems O
. O

But O
he O
said O
the O
WTO B-ORG
's O
organisational O
structure O
made O
it O
difficult O
to O
impose O
on O
its O
members O
a O
social O
clause O
such O
as O
that O
called O
for O
by O
the O
ILO B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Indian B-MISC
rubber O
demand O
seen O
outstripping O
production O
. O

SINGAPORE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Indian B-MISC
rubber O
demand O
is O
seen O
outpacing O
local O
production O
in O
the O
1996/97 O
April O
/ O
March O
season O
and O
the O
trend O
will O
persist O
way O
into O
the O
next O
century O
, O
the O
chairman O
of O
the O
Rubber B-ORG
Board I-ORG
of I-ORG
India I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

K.J. B-PER
Matthew I-PER
said O
at O
the O
Asia B-MISC
Rubber I-MISC
Markets I-MISC
meeting I-MISC
here O
Indian B-MISC
production O
of O
natural O
rubber O
in O
1996/97 O
will O
reach O
547,000 O
tonnes O
against O
projected O
demand O
of O
578,000 O
tonnes O
, O
a O
gap O
of O
31,000 O
tonnes O
. O

For O
synthetic O
rubber O
, O
production O
reached O
68,200 O
tonnes O
in O
1995/96 O
while O
consumption O
in O
the O
same O
season O
hit O
134,085 O
tonnes O
, O
Matthew B-PER
added O
. O

" O
Though O
schemes O
designed O
to O
realise O
further O
increases O
in O
the O
production O
of O
natural O
rubber O
are O
being O
operated O
successfully O
, O
the O
demand-supply O
gap O
is O
expected O
to O
widen O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Indian B-MISC
synthetic O
rubber O
output O
is O
not O
expected O
to O
rise O
significantly O
in O
the O
next O
season O
but O
demand O
will O
rise O
to O
145,000 O
tonnes O
. O

Matthew B-PER
estimates O
that O
by O
the O
2000/01 O
season O
, O
the O
gap O
between O
natural O
rubber O
output O
and O
consumption O
will O
rise O
to O
51,000 O
tonnes O
and O
319,000 O
tonnes O
in O
2010/11 O
. O

Natural O
rubber O
production O
will O
go O
up O
to O
695,000 O
tonnes O
in O
2000/01 O
against O
consumption O
of O
746,000 O
tonnes O
. O

In O
2010/11 O
, O
domestic O
demand O
should O
rise O
further O
to O
1.233 O
million O
tonnes O
while O
production O
will O
only O
reach O
about O
914,000 O
tonnes O
. O

One O
way O
to O
bridge O
the O
widening O
gap O
is O
to O
put O
more O
land O
under O
cultivation O
which O
the O
Rubber B-ORG
Board I-ORG
official O
estimates O
will O
reach O
220,000 O
hectares O
between O
now O
and O
the O
year O
2003 O
although O
Matthew B-PER
said O
this O
may O
not O
be O
possible O
at O
this O
time O
in O
India B-LOC
. O

" O
The O
development O
objective O
for O
the O
rubber O
plantation O
industry O
will O
be O
to O
increase O
production O
to O
the O
best O
extent O
possibly O
with O
a O
view O
to O
minimising O
imports O
of O
natural O
rubber O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-- O
Singapore B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
( O
65-8703305 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Japan B-LOC
's O
authorities O
seen O
seeking O
to O
rein O
in O
dollar O
. O

George B-PER
Nishiyama I-PER

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Comments O
by O
Japan B-LOC
's O
tight-lipped O
central O
bank O
chief O
and O
an O
influential O
top O
bureaucrat O
are O
further O
signs O
that O
the O
nation O
's O
authorities O
want O
to O
keep O
the O
dollar O
at O
current O
levels O
, O
market O
sources O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

In O
a O
rare O
expression O
of O
a O
view O
on O
currencies O
by O
the O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Japan I-ORG
( O
BOJ B-ORG
) O
governor O
, O
Yasuo B-PER
Matsushita I-PER
was O
quoted O
in O
Japan B-LOC
's O
leading O
economic O
daily O
on O
Friday O
as O
saying O
that O
he O
sees O
no O
further O
, O
immediate O
fall O
in O
the O
yen O
. O

This O
followed O
a O
widely O
watched O
television O
appearance O
late O
on O
Thursday O
by O
Eisuke B-PER
Sakakibara I-PER
, O
a O
high-ranking O
Finance B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
official O
, O
who O
denied O
he O
had O
said O
he O
wants O
to O
guide O
the O
dollar O
lower O
to O
between O
108 O
and O
110 O
yen O
. O

But O
many O
in O
the O
market O
thought O
Sakakibara B-PER
's O
real O
intentions O
lay O
elsewhere O
, O
and O
took O
more O
notice O
of O
his O
comments O
about O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
government O
's O
stance O
on O
the O
dollar O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

" O
I O
think O
his O
views O
on O
( O
U.S. B-ORG
Treasury I-ORG
Secretary O
Robert B-PER
) O
Rubin B-PER
's O
comments O
were O
indeed O
what O
he O
himself O
thinks O
about O
the O
dollar O
, O
" O
said O
Hank B-PER
Note I-PER
, O
chief O
dealer O
at O
Sumitomo B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
. O

Asked O
about O
Rubin B-PER
's O
comment O
that O
a O
strong O
dollar O
was O
in O
U.S. B-LOC
interests O
, O
Sakakibara B-PER
said O
the O
remark O
does O
not O
necessarily O
mean O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
supports O
a O
stronger O
dollar O
. O

" O
It O
's O
a O
strong O
dollar O
, O
not O
stronger O
. O

In O
that O
sense O
, O
the O
comments O
are O
not O
pointing O
to O
a O
certain O
direction O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
It O
shows O
that O
Sakakibara B-PER
is O
not O
for O
a O
stronger O
dollar O
either O
, O
" O
said O
Sumitomo B-ORG
's O
Note B-PER
. O

Takao B-PER
Sakoh I-PER
, O
first O
vice O
president O
at O
Union B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Switzerland I-ORG
in O
Tokyo B-LOC
, O
said O
: O
" O
Maybe O
a O
dollar O
at O
104.50 O
yen O
is O
not O
acceptable O
( O
to O
Sakakibara B-PER
) O
, O
but O
it O
may O
be O
okay O
at O
the O
current O
level O
, O
at O
the O
lower O
end O
of O
112 O
yen O
. O
" O

Market O
participants O
have O
kept O
a O
close O
eye O
on O
Sakakibara B-PER
, O
chief O
of O
the O
ministry O
's O
International B-ORG
Finance I-ORG
Bureau I-ORG
, O
as O
a O
comment O
he O
made O
in O
November O
after O
the O
dollar O
hit O
this O
year O
's O
high O
of O
114.92 O
yen O
pushed O
the O
currency O
down O
sharply O
. O

He O
had O
said O
then O
that O
the O
market O
's O
view O
on O
Japan B-LOC
's O
economy O
was O
too O
pessimistic O
and O
that O
he O
believed O
it O
was O
stronger O
than O
the O
market O
thought O
. O

Dealers O
have O
come O
to O
refer O
to O
115 O
yen O
as O
the O
" O
Sakakibara B-PER
ceiling O
" O
for O
the O
dollar O
following O
the O
remark O
. O

Adding O
to O
the O
comments O
by O
" O
Mr B-PER
Yen I-PER
" O
, O
as O
Sakakibara B-PER
is O
known O
for O
his O
prominence O
in O
the O
currency O
market O
, O
was O
BOJ B-ORG
governor O
Matsushita B-PER
's O
remark O
. O

" O
The O
recent O
level O
of O
the O
yen O
exchange O
rate O
has O
been O
stable O
, O
and O
it O
does O
not O
appear O
to O
be O
moving O
towards O
a O
further O
depreciation O
of O
the O
yen O
immediately O
, O
so O
import O
prices O
are O
likely O
to O
stabilise O
at O
current O
levels O
, O
" O
Matsushita B-PER
said O
in O
an O
interview O
with O
the O
Nihon B-ORG
Keizai I-ORG
Shimbun I-ORG
. O

" O
The O
fact O
that O
he O
touched O
on O
the O
issue O
of O
inflation O
triggered O
by O
import O
prices O
shows O
that O
the O
BOJ B-ORG
does O
not O
want O
a O
further O
depreciation O
of O
the O
yen O
, O
past O
115 O
yen O
, O
" O
said O
Yasuhito B-PER
Kawashima I-PER
, O
chief O
forex O
manager O
at O
Toyo B-ORG
Trust I-ORG
& I-ORG
Banking I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O

Some O
said O
the O
central O
bank O
may O
have O
been O
concerned O
a O
weaker O
yen O
would O
lead O
to O
unfounded O
pessimism O
about O
Japan B-LOC
's O
economy O
. O

" O
There O
was O
concern O
that O
foreign O
investors O
may O
sell O
Japanese B-MISC
stocks O
if O
the O
dollar O
goes O
above O
115 O
yen O
. O

The O
BOJ B-ORG
does O
not O
want O
the O
yen O
's O
weakness O
to O
lead O
to O
pessimism O
over O
the O
economy O
, O
" O
said O
Taisuke B-PER
Tanaka I-PER
, O
market O
strategist O
with O
Credit B-ORG
Suisse I-ORG
in O
Tokyo B-LOC
. O

Senior O
BOJ B-ORG
officials O
have O
separately O
said O
financial O
markets O
' O
views O
on O
the O
economy O
have O
been O
too O
negative O
. O

" O
I O
realise O
there O
are O
negative O
views O
in O
the O
markets O
about O
the O
impact O
of O
the O
consumption O
tax O
hike O
and O
drop O
in O
public O
spending O
, O
but O
the O
markets O
appear O
to O
be O
exaggerating O
the O
magnitude O
of O
the O
negative O
impact O
, O
" O
a O
senior O
BOJ B-ORG
official O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
consumption O
tax O
is O
due O
to O
raised O
in O
April O
from O
three O
to O
five O
percent O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Lebanon B-LOC
sentences O
pro-Israeli B-MISC
warlord O
to O
death O
. O

Haitham B-ORG
Haddadin I-ORG

BEIRUT B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
Lebanese B-MISC
military O
court O
on O
Friday O
sentenced O
to O
death O
in O
absentia O
the O
commander O
of O
Israel B-LOC
's O
surrogate O
militia O
in O
south O
Lebanon B-LOC
on O
treason O
charges O
. O

The O
court O
convicted O
General O
Antoine B-PER
Lahd I-PER
, O
head O
of O
the O
South B-ORG
Lebanon I-ORG
Army I-ORG
( O
SLA B-ORG
) O
, O
of O
collaborating O
with O
Israel B-LOC
with O
which O
Lebanon B-LOC
is O
officially O
at O
war O
. O

Lahd B-PER
, O
a O
69-year-old O
former O
Lebanese B-MISC
army O
major-general O
, O
heads O
the O
3,000-strong O
SLA B-ORG
militia O
which O
helps O
Israel B-LOC
hold O
a O
border O
zone O
in O
south O
Lebanon B-LOC
to O
ward O
off O
cross-frontier O
guerrilla O
raids O
on O
northern O
Israel B-LOC
. O

Lahd B-PER
said O
a O
few O
days O
after O
the O
trial O
began O
on O
February O
16 O
that O
Lebanese B-MISC
authorities O
must O
drop O
the O
charges O
or O
risk O
blocking O
any O
peace O
deal O
with O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
state O
. O

He O
said O
Israel B-LOC
was O
capable O
of O
pressuring O
Lebanon B-LOC
's O
Syrian-backed B-MISC
government O
to O
stop O
the O
legal O
pursuit O
. O

The O
charges O
against O
Lahd B-PER
were O
: O
forming O
a O
hostile O
army O
, O
carrying O
weapons O
on O
Israel B-LOC
's O
side O
, O
helping O
Israel B-LOC
strip O
off O
a O
part O
of O
Lebanese B-MISC
territory O
by O
violence O
, O
forming O
an O
armed O
gang O
, O
killing O
or O
trying O
to O
kill O
Lebanese B-MISC
civilians O
by O
artillery O
shelling O
and O
kidnapping O
Lebanese B-MISC
citizens O
for O
long O
periods O
. O

Shortly O
before O
Lahd B-PER
's O
trial O
began O
, O
a O
Beirut B-LOC
military O
prosecutor O
charged O
another O
89 O
former O
Lebanese B-MISC
army O
soldiers O
with O
collaborating O
with O
Israel B-LOC
. O

No O
date O
has O
been O
set O
for O
the O
trial O
of O
the O
men O
, O
all O
members O
of O
the O
SLA B-ORG
living O
in O
the O
Israeli-held B-MISC
zone O
in O
south O
Lebanon B-LOC
. O

Israel B-LOC
and O
Lahd B-PER
have O
repeatedly O
demanded O
safety O
guarantees O
for O
the O
SLA B-ORG
-- O
a O
mixed O
Christian-Shi'ite B-MISC
Moslem B-MISC
force O
-- O
which O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
states O
regards O
as O
loyal O
allies O
. O

Israel B-LOC
has O
said O
the O
Lebanese B-MISC
army O
must O
incorporate O
the O
SLA B-ORG
fighters O
into O
its O
ranks O
as O
an O
army O
brigade O
as O
a O
condition O
for O
peace O
. O

But O
Lebanese B-MISC
political O
analysts O
have O
said O
that O
would O
be O
out O
of O
the O
question O
and O
Lebanese B-MISC
authorities O
pre-empted O
the O
issue O
by O
taking O
legal O
action O
against O
Lahd B-PER
. O

Former O
Israeli B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Shimon B-PER
Peres I-PER
, O
calling O
Lahd B-PER
" O
a O
great O
Lebanese B-MISC
patriot O
" O
, O
said O
earlier O
this O
year O
Lebanon B-LOC
had O
insulted O
the O
SLA B-ORG
commander O
by O
ordering O
his O
arrest O
on O
the O
treason O
charges O
. O

Peres B-PER
, O
who O
was O
ousted O
in O
May O
by O
rightwing O
Israeli B-MISC
leader O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
, O
said O
there O
could O
not O
be O
real O
negotiations O
with O
Lebanon B-LOC
" O
unless O
it O
will O
stop O
the O
maltreatment O
of O
the O
SLA B-ORG
and O
its O
commanders O
. O
" O

The O
Beirut B-LOC
military O
court O
also O
sentenced O
to O
life O
in O
jail O
in O
absentia O
Etian B-PER
Saqr I-PER
, O
former O
head O
of O
the O
pro-Israeli B-MISC
Guardians B-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
Cedars I-ORG
, O
a O
small O
rightwing O
Christian B-MISC
civil O
war O
militia O
. O

Saqr B-PER
, O
whose O
trial O
was O
concurrent O
with O
Lahd B-PER
's O
, O
was O
convicted O
of O
" O
contacting O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
enemy O
, O
passing O
information O
to O
Israel B-LOC
and O
undertaking O
hostile O
acts O
against O
Lebanon B-LOC
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Texas B-LOC
/ O
w O
Okla B-LOC
fed O
cattle O
market O
thin O
at O
$ O
67 O
- O
USDA B-ORG
. O

AMARILLO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Trade O
was O
slow O
in O
the O
Panhandle B-LOC
area O
Friday O
, O
USDA B-ORG
said O
. O

Slaughter O
steers O
and O
heifers O
were O
$ O
1.00 O
per O
cwt O
lower O
. O

Feedlots O
reporting O
moderate O
inquiry O
. O

Sales O
reported O
on O
8,200 O
head O
slaughter O
steers O
and O
1,000 O
heifers O
; O
following O
weekly O
movement O
of O
71,200 O
head O
. O

Note O
- O
all O
cattle O
prices O
based O
on O
net O
weights O
FOB O
the O
feedlot O
after O
a O
4 O
percent O
shrink O
. O

Slaughter O
Steers O
- O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-3 O
1150-1200 O
lbs O
67.00 O
. O

Slaughter O
Heifers O
- O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-3 O
1050-1100 O
lbs O
67.00 O
. O

Confirmed O
- O
9,300 O
Week O
Ago O
- O
None O
Year O
Ago O
- O
None O

( O
( O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312 O
408 O
8720 O
) O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

USDA B-ORG
daily O
cattle O
and O
hog O
slaughter O
- O
Dec O
6 O
. O

Est O
daily O
livestock O
slaughter O
under O
Fed B-ORG
inspection O
- O
USDA B-ORG

CATTLE O
CALVES O
HOGS O

Friday O
12/06/96 O
( O
est O
) O
132,000 O
7,000 O
359,000 O

Week O
ago O
( O
est O
) O
130,000 O
6,000 O
346,000 O

Year O
ago O
( O
act O
) O
132,000 O
6,000 O
336,000 O

Saturday O
12/07/96 O
( O
est O
) O
38,000 O
0 O
18,000 O

Week O
to O
date O
( O
est O
) O
688,000 O
31,000 O
1,810,000 O

Same O
Period O
Last O
Week O
( O
est O
) O
601,000 O
26,000 O
1,547,000 O

Same O
Period O
Last O
Year* O
( O
act O
) O
685,000 O
31,000 O
1,914,000 O

1996 O
Year O
to O
date O
33,549,000 O
1,589,000 O
84,894,000 O

1995 O
Year O
to O
date* O
32,970,000 O
1,305,000 O
88,800,000 O

Percent O
change O
1.8 O
% O
21.8 O
% O
- O
4.4 O
% O

*1995 O
totals O
adjusted O
to O
reflect O
NASS B-ORG
revisions O
1996 O
Totals O
are O
subject O
to O
revision O
Yearly O
totals O
may O
not O
add O
due O
to O
rounding O
. O

Previous O
day O
estimated O
Steer O
and O
Heifer O
Cow O
and O
Bull O

Thursday O
100,000 O
33,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

BALANCE O
- O
Hartford B-LOC
, O
Conn B-LOC
. O

, O
$ O
11 O
mln O
. O

CITY O
OF O
HARTFORD B-LOC
, O
CONNECTICUT B-LOC

RE O
: O
$ O
25,000,000 O

GENERAL O
OBLIGATION O
BONDS O

MOODY B-ORG
'S I-ORG
: O
Aaa O
/ O
A1 O
S&P B-ORG
: O
AAA O
/ O
AA- O

Delivery O
Date O
: O
12/16/1996 O

FSA B-ORG
INSURED O

Maturity O
Balance O
Coupon O
List O

12/15/2000 O
1,250M O
6.25 O
4.10 O

12/15/2001 O
575M O
4.60 O
4.20 O

12/15/2003 O
265M O
4.40 O
4.40 O

12/15/2004 O
625M O
4.50 O
4.50 O

12/15/2005 O
55M O
4.60 O
4.60 O

12/15/2006 O
145M O
4.70 O
4.70 O

12/15/2007 O
850M O
4.85 O
4.85 O

12/15/2008 O
1,200M O
4.95 O
4.95 O

12/15/2009 O
1,240M O
5.05 O
5.05 O

12/15/2010 O
1,250M O
5.15 O
5.15 O

12/15/2011 O
1,240M O
5.25 O
5.25 O

12/15/2012 O
1,200M O
5.25 O
5.30 O

12/15/2013 O
1,135M O
5.30 O
5.35 O

12/15/2014 O
850M O
5.30 O
5.35 O

Total O
: O
11,880M O

State B-ORG
Street I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
and I-ORG
Trust I-ORG
Company I-ORG

Prudential B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
Incorporated I-ORG

PaineWebber B-ORG
Incorporated I-ORG

First B-ORG
Union I-ORG
Capital I-ORG
Markets I-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
- O
NJ B-LOC

-- O
U.S. B-ORG
Municipal I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1650 O

-DOCSTART- O

14 O
years O
later O
, O
Florida B-LOC
man O
dies O
for O
killing O
. O

TALLAHASSEE B-LOC
, O
Fla. B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Fourteen O
years O
after O
he O
bludgeoned O
and O
shot O
a O
man O
whose O
trailer O
home O
he O
robbed O
in O
1982 O
, O
John B-PER
Mills I-PER
Jr O
. O

, O
41 O
, O
was O
put O
to O
death O
in O
Florida B-LOC
's O
electric O
chair O
Friday O
. O

As O
Glenn B-PER
Lawhon I-PER
, O
a O
rural O
Florida B-LOC
minister O
who O
is O
the O
victim O
's O
father O
, O
looked O
on O
, O
Mills B-PER
was O
pronounced O
dead O
at O
7:13 O
a.m. O
EST O
( O
1213 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
for O
the O
murder O
of O
Lester B-PER
Lawhon I-PER
. O

Speaking O
in O
Arabic B-MISC
, O
Mills B-PER
made O
a O
final O
statement O
before O
an O
anonymous O
citizen O
flipped O
the O
switch O
that O
sent O
2000 O
volts O
of O
electricity O
through O
his O
body O
, O
said O
Department B-ORG
of I-ORG
Corrections I-ORG
spokesman O
Eugene B-PER
Morris I-PER
, O
who O
was O
present O
at O
the O
execution O
. O

" O
I O
bear O
witness O
that O
there O
is O
no O
God B-PER
but O
Allah B-PER
and O
I O
bear O
witness O
that O
the O
prophet O
Mohammed B-PER
is O
the O
messenger O
of O
God B-PER
, O
" O
he O
quoted O
Mills B-PER
as O
saying O
. O

Prison O
officials O
said O
they O
had O
no O
record O
of O
Mills B-PER
' O
official O
conversion O
, O
but O
they O
said O
that O
, O
on O
May O
14 O
, O
1991 O
, O
he O
had O
asked O
that O
a O
new O
name O
, O
Yuhanna B-PER
Abdullah I-PER
Muhammed I-PER
, O
be O
added O
to O
his O
prison O
file O
, O
which O
is O
usually O
an O
indication O
of O
a O
conversion O
to O
Islam B-MISC
. O

Mills B-PER
is O
the O
38th O
person O
to O
die O
in O
Florida B-LOC
's O
electric O
chair O
since O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Supreme I-ORG
Court I-ORG
reversed O
itself O
in O
1976 O
and O
legalised O
the O
death O
penalty O
. O

Prison O
officials O
said O
Mills B-PER
made O
no O
special O
request O
for O
a O
last O
meal O
and O
did O
not O
eat O
the O
steak O
, O
fried O
potatoes O
and O
orange O
juice O
offered O
him O
. O

He O
spent O
Thursday O
with O
family O
members O
and O
his O
spiritual O
adviser O
, O
Morris B-PER
said O
. O

Mills B-PER
was O
scheduled O
to O
die O
Wednesday O
but O
had O
his O
sentence O
temporarily O
postponed O
by O
the O
Florida B-ORG
Supreme I-ORG
Court I-ORG
. O

On O
Thursday O
, O
the O
11th O
Circuit O
U.S. B-ORG
Court I-ORG
of I-ORG
Appeals I-ORG
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
denied O
his O
appeal O
in O
federal O
court O
. O

In O
March O
1982 O
, O
Mills B-PER
and O
accomplice O
Michael B-PER
Frederick I-PER
knocked O
on O
the O
door O
of O
Lester B-PER
Lawhon I-PER
's O
trailer O
in O
an O
attempt O
to O
rob O
it O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Lester B-PER
Lawhon I-PER
was O
taken O
to O
a O
nearby O
airstrip O
where O
he O
was O
bludgeoned O
with O
a O
tire O
iron O
. O

Mills B-PER
then O
fired O
two O
shots O
that O
killed O
Lawhon B-PER
as O
the O
victim O
tried O
to O
run O
away O
. O

Frederick B-PER
is O
serving O
a O
347-year O
sentence O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

New B-LOC
York I-LOC
grain O
freight O
fixtures O
- O
Dec O
5 O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Mana O
50,000 O
tonnes O
soybeans O
USG O
/ O
China B-LOC
10-15/12 O
$ O
23.50 O
10,000 O
/ O
4,000 O
GeePee O
. O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
+1 O
212 O
859 O
1640 O

-DOCSTART- O

Iowa-S B-LOC
Minn B-LOC
fed O
cattle O
market O
quiet O
, O
no O
sales-USDA B-MISC
. O

DES B-LOC
MOINES I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Slaughter O
steers O
and O
heifers O
not O
tested O
, O
compared O
with O
Thursday O
's O
close O
, O
USDA B-ORG
said O
. O

Trade O
slow O
. O

Demand O
and O
seller O
interest O
light O
. O

Offerings O
light O
. O

Steers O
- O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-4 O
no O
sales O
. O

Heifers O
- O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-4 O
no O
sales O
. O

Carcass O
Basis O
( O
weight O
only O
) O
Compared O
Thursdays O
Close O
- O
Slaughter O
steers O
and O
heifers O
not O
tested O
. O

Steers O
- O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-4 O
no O
sales O
. O

Holstein O
- O
( O
weight O
only O
) O
Select O
to O
mostly O
Choice O
2-3 O
1250-1400 O
lbs O
no O
sales O
. O

Holsteins O
- O
( O
grade O
and O
weight O
) O
Choice O
2-3 O
1250-1450 O
lbs O
no O
sales O
Select O
2-3 O
1250-1450 O
lbs O
no O
sales O
. O

Heifers O
- O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-4 O
no O
sales O
. O

Confirmed O
- O
None O
Week O
Ago O
- O
800 O
Year O
Ago O
- O
900 O

Wk O
to O
Date O
- O
None O
Week O
Ago O
- O
800 O
Year O
Ago O
- O
900 O

( O
( O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312-408-8720 O
) O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Man O
stole O
pigs O
, O
tipped O
strippers O
, O
gets O
10 O
years O
. O

APPLETON B-LOC
, O
Wis B-LOC
. O

1996-12-06 O

A O
farmhand O
used O
the O
proceeds O
from O
stolen O
pigs O
to O
lavish O
tips O
on O
dancers O
at O
strip O
clubs O
and O
offered O
one O
$ O
3,000 O
to O
pay O
for O
breast O
implant O
surgery O
, O
authorities O
said O
Friday O
. O

In O
sentencing O
Darrel B-PER
Voeks I-PER
, O
38 O
, O
to O
a O
10-year O
prison O
term O
on O
Thursday O
, O
Outagmie B-LOC
County I-LOC
Circuit O
Court O
Judge O
Dennis B-PER
Luebke I-PER
said O
he O
was O
" O
a O
thief O
by O
habit O
. O
" O

" O
You O
are O
self-indulgent O
. O

You O
are O
narcissitic O
, O
" O
Luebke O
said O
at O
the O
sentencing O
, O
adding O
Voeks B-PER
should O
pay O
restitution O
of O
more O
than O
$ O
100,000 O
to O
the O
farming O
family O
who O
had O
hired O
him O
. O

Voeks B-PER
, O
who O
was O
already O
on O
probation O
for O
prior O
pig O
thefts O
, O
pleaded O
that O
he O
was O
trying O
to O
pay O
bills O
for O
his O
ex-wife O
and O
children O
. O

But O
the O
court O
heard O
that O
receipts O
showed O
much O
of O
the O
money O
went O
to O
dancers O
at O
strip O
clubs O
where O
he O
was O
known O
as O
a O
big O
tipper O
. O

One O
stripper O
said O
Voeks B-PER
offered O
to O
give O
her O
$ O
3,000 O
for O
breast O
implant O
surgery O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Canadian B-MISC
grain O
statistics O
weekly O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
, O
Dec O
6 O
( O
Reuter B-ORG
) O
Statistics O
for O
the O
week O
ending O
December O
1 O
in O
000 O
's O
tonnes O
. O

- O
Canadian B-ORG
Grain I-ORG
Commission I-ORG

Visible O
Supplies O
Farmers O
Deliveries O

Curr O
Wk O
Yr O
Ago O
Curr O
Wk O
Yr O
to O
Date O
Yr O
Ago O

Wheat O
4320.2 O
3909.3 O
288.5 O
6278.9 O
5580.0 O

Durum O
1168.9 O
1225.0 O
44.3 O
965.3 O
1069.6 O

Oats O
286.5 O
284.6 O
31.9 O
937.3 O
581.2 O

Barley O
1074.0 O
1104.8 O
178.0 O
2531.4 O
1897.1 O

Rye O
44.6 O
86.3 O
2.3 O
108.2 O
119.2 O

Flax O
165.2 O
181.9 O
14.9 O
231.4 O
332.9 O

Canola O
646.6 O
769.4 O
60.5 O
1902.0 O
2147.6 O

Corn O
79.6 O
163.5 O
9.4 O
95.7 O
252.0 O

Total O
7785.8 O
7724.8 O
629.8 O
13050.2 O
11979.6 O

Exports O
Domestic O
Disappearance O

Curr O
Wk O
YTD O
Yr O
Ago O
Curr O
Wk O
YTD O
Yr O
Ago O

Wheat O
387.4 O
4677.8 O
4553.6 O
55.2 O
1039.7 O
846.1 O

Durum O
129.0 O
1515.9 O
1220.6 O
4.6 O
75.8 O
73.3 O

Oats O
40.0 O
561.0 O
391.9 O
4.8 O
149.6 O
115.0 O

Barley O
110.8 O
1203.4 O
506.0 O
48.2 O
941.0 O
786.6 O

Rye O
4.1 O
60.7 O
57.9 O
3.0 O
10.7 O
18.9 O

Flax O
7.2 O
154.1 O
235.7 O
1.1 O
22.2 O
15.7 O

Canola O
47.1 O
988.1 O
1135.5 O
46.7 O
894.9 O
822.0 O

Corn O
4.4 O
15.1 O
87.0 O
0.6 O
22.1 O
11.1 O

Total O
730.0 O
9176.1 O
8188.2 O
164.2 O
3156.0 O
2686.7 O

In O
addition O
, O
Statistics B-ORG
Canada I-ORG
indicated O
the O
following O
exports O
to O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
between O
August O
and O
September O
1996 O
, O
in O
tonnes O
: O

Oats O
Rye O
Flaxseed O
Canola O
Corn O

Exports O
29,200 O
17,200 O
7,700 O
100 O
59,400 O

Year O
Ago O
47,000 O
24,300 O
8,700 O
8,200 O
12,200 O

( O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312 O
408 O
8720 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

NYMEX B-ORG
natgas O
ends O
sharply O
lower O
on O
weather O
outlook O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

NYMEX B-ORG
Henry B-LOC
Hub I-LOC
natgas O
futures O
settled O
significantly O
lower O
Friday O
, O
pressured O
early O
by O
profit O
taking O
and O
driven O
even O
lower O
late O
by O
the O
National B-ORG
Weather I-ORG
Service I-ORG
's O
bearish O
six O
to O
10 O
day O
forecast O
, O
sources O
said O
. O

January O
ended O
29.7 O
cents O
lower O
at O
$ O
3.487 O
per O
million O
British B-MISC
thermal O
units O
after O
dipping O
to O
a O
low O
of O
$ O
3.46 O
. O

Feb O
settled O
down O
22 O
cents O
at O
$ O
3.186 O
. O

Most O
others O
also O
were O
down O
. O

" O
Weather O
forecasts O
have O
been O
sketchy O
. O

Now O
the O
National B-ORG
Weather I-ORG
Service I-ORG
is O
calling O
for O
above-normal O
temperatures O
in O
more O
than O
half O
of O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
, O
" O
one O
futures O
trader O
said O
. O

In O
its O
forecast O
, O
the O
NWS B-ORG
said O
it O
expects O
above-normal O
temperatures O
" O
over O
the O
lower O
48 O
states O
" O
from O
December O
12 O
through O
December O
16 O
. O

With O
more O
room O
to O
the O
downside O
anticipated O
early O
next O
week O
, O
traders O
said O
support O
in O
January O
was O
at O
$ O
3.47 O
, O
then O
$ O
3.35 O
. O

The O
next O
backstops O
were O
seen O
at O
$ O
3.11 O
and O
$ O
3.04 O
, O
the O
low O
set O
on O
November O
21 O
. O

Resistance O
was O
pegged O
at O
the O
new O
contract O
high O
of O
$ O
3.80 O
. O

In O
the O
cash O
market O
, O
Gulf B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
prices O
were O
around O
$ O
3.60 O
shortly O
before O
nomination O
deadlines O
. O

Midcontinent O
prices O
were O
similarly O
lower O
in O
the O
$ O
3.40s. O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
city O
gate O
gas O
slipped O
into O
the O
$ O
4.40s O
, O
down O
almost O
15 O
cents O
. O

NYMEX B-ORG
said O
an O
estimated O
35,662 O
Hub O
contracts O
traded O
, O
down O
from O
Thursday O
's O
revised O
tally O
of O
43,955 O
. O

NYMEX B-ORG
Alberta B-LOC
natgas O
remained O
untraded O
, O
with O
January O
settling O
at O
$ O
1.65 O
, O
off O
10 O
cents O
from O
Thursday O
. O

Physical O
prices O
for O
the O
weekend O
at O
the O
AECO B-ORG
storage O
hub O
were O
also O
down O
about O
10 O
cents O
in O
the O
C$ B-MISC
1.92-1.97 O
per O
gigajoule O
, O
or O
$ O
1.52-1.56 O
per O
mmBtu O
range O
, O
pressured O
by O
unseasonably O
mild O
weather O
in O
western O
Canada B-LOC
. O

NYMEX B-ORG
Permian B-MISC
natgas O
, O
also O
untraded O
, O
ended O
10 O
cents O
lower O
at O
$ O
2.90 O
. O

In O
congruence O
with O
futures O
, O
Permian B-MISC
cash O
prices O
for O
the O
weekend O
fell O
more O
than O
10 O
cents O
to O
the O
high O
- O
$ O
3.40s. O

On O
the O
KCBT B-ORG
, O
January O
finished O
26.5 O
cents O
lower O
at O
$ O
3.35 O
after O
dipping O
to O
a O
low O
of O
$ O
3.33 O
earlier O
in O
the O
session O
. O

February O
was O
down O
22 O
cents O
at O
the O
close O
, O
while O
other O
deferreds O
were O
4.5 O
to O
nine O
cents O
lower O
. O

The O
East O
/ O
West O
spread O
narrowed O
by O
3.2 O
cents O
to O
13.7 O
cents O
( O
NYMEX B-ORG
premium O
) O
. O

Physical O
prices O
at O
Waha B-LOC
for O
the O
weekend O
lost O
more O
than O
15 O
cents O
to O
the O
low-to-mid O
$ O
3.50s O
as O
milder O
weather O
moved O
into O
the O
Southwest O
. O

-- O
H B-PER
McCulloch I-PER
, O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Power I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
+212-859-1628 O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
barges O
lightly O
quoted O
on O
call O
session O
. O

ST. B-LOC
LOUIS I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

U.S. B-LOC
barge O
rates O
were O
lightly O
quoted O
Friday O
on O
the O
St. B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
Merchants O
Exchange O
call O
session O
. O

No O
barges O
traded O
versus O
no O
trades O
Thursday O
. O

- O
Two O
barges O
next O
week O
Illinois B-LOC
bid O
at O
a O
steady O
130 O
percent O
of O
tariff O
, O
offered O
at O
135 O
percent O
. O

- O
One O
barge O
, O
week O
of O
December O
15 O
, O
lower O
Ohio B-LOC
bid O
2-1/2 O
points O
higher O
at O
105 O
percent O
, O
no O
offer O
. O

Two O
barges O
, O
week O
of O
January O
5 O
, O
Illinois B-LOC
, O
offered O
five O
points O
lower O
at O
195 O
percent O
, O
bid O
at O
150 O
percent O
. O

- O
Five O
barges O
, O
30-day O
open O
, O
mid-Mississippi B-MISC
( O
McGregor B-PER
and O
south O
) O
bid O
at O
160 O
percent O
, O
offered O
at O
170 O
percent O
, O
no O
comparisons O
. O

- O
36 O
barges O
, O
two O
each O
week O
May-August O
, O
Illinois B-LOC
, O
offered O
at O
130 O
percent O
of O
tariff O
, O
no O
bid O
or O
comparison O
. O

- O
36 O
barges O
, O
two O
each O
week O
May-August O
, O
mid-Mississippi B-MISC
offered O
at O
a O
steady O
135 O
percent O
, O
bid O
at O
120 O
percent O
( O
basis O
one O
each O
week O
) O
. O

-- O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312-408 O
8720 O

-DOCSTART- O

CBOT B-ORG
grain O
/ O
oilseed O
receipts O
and O
shipments O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Grain O
and O
soybean O
receipts O
and O
shipments O
, O
in O
bushels O
, O
at O
delivery O
locations O
for O
the O
previous O
trading O
day O
, O
according O
to O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
Board I-ORG
of I-ORG
Trade I-ORG
- O

Receipts O
Shipments O

Wheat O

Chicago B-LOC
0 O
0 O

St. B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
21,346 O
0 O

Toledo B-LOC
61,514 O
0 O

Corn O

Chicago B-LOC
78,056 O
0 O

St. B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
217,092 O
75,810 O

Toledo B-LOC
285,505 O
561,287 O

Oats O

Chicago B-LOC
0 O
0 O

Minneapolis B-LOC
306,364 O
153,231 O

Soybeans O

Chicago B-LOC
8,674 O
484,018 O

St. B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
253,821 O
223,172 O

Toledo B-LOC
64,334 O
160,476 O

( O
( O
Chicago B-ORG
Newsdesk I-ORG
312-408-8720 O
) O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Clinton B-PER
to O
have O
more O
news O
conferences O
in O
2nd O
term O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

President O
Clinton B-PER
aims O
to O
hold O
more O
news O
conferences O
in O
his O
second O
term O
and O
will O
have O
one O
Dec. O
13 O
, O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
said O
Friday O
. O

The O
president O
had O
only O
two O
formal O
, O
full-blown O
news O
conferences O
last O
year O
, O
one O
in O
January O
and O
one O
after O
he O
won O
re-election O
in O
November O
, O
although O
he O
had O
various O
other O
limited O
sessions O
with O
the O
press O
. O

White B-LOC
House I-LOC
spokesman O
Mike B-PER
McCurry I-PER
said O
Clinton B-PER
" O
plans O
to O
have O
regular O
news O
conferences O
" O
during O
his O
second O
term O
. O

But O
when O
asked O
how O
frequent O
these O
would O
be O
, O
he O
was O
evasive O
, O
saying O
, O
" O
periodic O
, O
occasional O
. O
" O

" O
He O
enjoys O
the O
give O
and O
take O
" O
with O
reporters O
, O
the O
spokesman O
added O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Action O
Performance O
to O
acquire O
firms O
. O

TEMPE B-LOC
, O
Ariz B-LOC
. O

1996-12-06 O

Action B-ORG
Performance I-ORG
Cos I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
Friday O
it O
has O
agreed O
to O
acquire O
Motorsport B-ORG
Traditions I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
and O
Creative B-ORG
Marketing I-ORG
& I-ORG
Promotions I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
for O
about O
$ O
13 O
million O
in O
cash O
and O
stock O
. O

The O
two O
firms O
to O
be O
acquired O
have O
about O
$ O
25 O
million O
in O
annual O
revenues O
from O
the O
design O
, O
manufacture O
and O
sale O
and O
distribution O
of O
licensed O
motorsports O
products O
. O

The O
deal O
is O
expected O
to O
close O
by O
the O
end O
of O
the O
year O
subject O
to O
due O
diligence O
and O
other O
customary O
closing O
conditions O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Half O
of O
dog O
bites O
provoked O
, O
says O
American B-MISC
vet O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

As O
many O
as O
1 O
million O
dog O
bites O
are O
recorded O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
every O
year O
and O
half O
of O
them O
are O
provoked O
by O
humans O
, O
a O
veterinarian O
told O
fellow O
animal O
doctors O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
Humane O
Society O
of O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
estimates O
that O
between O
500,000 O
and O
one O
million O
bites O
are O
delivered O
by O
dogs O
each O
year O
, O
more O
than O
half O
of O
which O
are O
suffered O
by O
children O
. O

" O
Most O
bites O
can O
be O
prevented O
by O
teaching O
children O
how O
to O
respect O
a O
dog O
, O
" O
Michael B-PER
Cornwell I-PER
of O
the O
Glencoe B-ORG
Animal I-ORG
Hospital I-ORG
in O
Columbus B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
, O
told O
the O
annual O
meeting O
of O
the O
American B-ORG
Veterinary I-ORG
Medical I-ORG
Association I-ORG
. O

" O
Let O
's O
not O
let O
our O
kids O
jump O
on O
them O
or O
crawl O
on O
them O
. O

Dogs O
and O
children O
do O
n't O
have O
to O
have O
an O
interaction O
. O

Let O
's O
respect O
their O
territories O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Cornwell B-PER
said O
50 O
percent O
of O
reported O
bites O
were O
provoked O
by O
a O
person O
and O
60 O
percent O
were O
suffered O
by O
children O
. O

He O
also O
estimated O
that O
only O
25 O
percent O
of O
bites O
were O
reported O
because O
medical O
attention O
was O
not O
needed O
. O

Don B-PER
Rieck I-PER
, O
president O
of O
the O
National B-ORG
Animal I-ORG
Control I-ORG
Association I-ORG
, O
said O
aggressiveness O
in O
dogs O
was O
related O
more O
to O
gender O
than O
breed O
and O
a O
male O
dog O
that O
had O
not O
been O
neutered O
was O
three O
times O
more O
likely O
to O
bite O
than O
an O
unspayed O
female O
. O

The O
five O
breeds O
credited O
with O
the O
most O
incidents O
were O
chow O
chows O
, O
Rottweilers B-MISC
, O
German B-MISC
shepherds I-MISC
, O
cocker B-MISC
spaniels I-MISC
and O
Dalmatians B-MISC
. O
" O

The O
trends O
in O
dog O
bites O
by O
particular O
breeds O
have O
more O
to O
do O
with O
fad O
pets O
owned O
by O
individuals O
who O
need O
to O
have O
something O
unique O
. O

Speaking O
strictly O
of O
dogs O
, O
15 O
years O
ago O
the O
macho O
fad O
pet O
was O
a O
Doberman B-MISC
. O

Today O
, O
Rottweilers B-MISC
are O
on O
the O
way O
up O
, O
" O
Rieck B-PER
said O
. O

If O
approached O
by O
a O
stray O
dog O
, O
children O
should O
be O
taught O
to O
stand O
still O
with O
fists O
folded O
underneath O
the O
neck O
, O
elbows O
in O
, O
and O
gaze O
forward O
until O
the O
dog O
goes O
away O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iowa-S B-LOC
Minn B-LOC
feedlot O
cattle O
market O
not O
tested- O
USDA B-ORG
. O

DES B-LOC
MOINES I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Steers O
and O
heifers O
were O
not O
tested O
, O
compared O
with O
Thursday O
's O
close O
, O
USDA B-ORG
said O
. O

Reported O
sales O
for O
Fri- O
None O
. O

Week O
to O
Date O
- O
None O
. O

( O
( O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312-408-8720 O
) O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Nebraska B-LOC
fed O
cattle O
roundup O
- O
USDA B-ORG
. O

OMAHA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Slaughter O
steers O
and O
heifers O
were O
not O
established O
Thursday O
. O

Demand O
limited O
. O

Seller O
interest O
light O
. O

- O
USDA B-ORG

Thursday O
200 O
Last O
Week O
Holiday O
Last O
Year O
N O
/ O
A O

Week O
to O
Date O
3,500 O
Sm O
Pd O
Lst O
Wk O
800 O
Sm O
Pd O
Lst O
Yr O
N O
/ O
A O

Dressed O
Basis O
Delivered O
not O
well O
tested O
. O

Dressed O
Basis O
Steers O
: O
Few O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-3 O
, O
1200-1300 O
lbs O
112.00 O
; O
load O
early O
114.00 O
. O

Dressed O
Basis O
Heifers O
: O
Few O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-3 O
, O
1100-1200 O
lbs O
112.00 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Four O
Africans B-MISC
said O
to O
vie O
for O
top O
U.N. B-ORG
post O
. O

Evelyn B-PER
Leopold I-PER

UNITED B-ORG
NATIONS I-ORG
1996-12-06 O

Four O
African B-MISC
states O
are O
ready O
to O
nominate O
candidates O
for O
the O
post O
of O
U.N. B-ORG
secretary-general O
on O
Friday O
now O
that O
Boutros B-PER
Boutros-Ghali I-PER
has O
temporarily O
put O
aside O
his O
bid O
for O
re-election O
. O

The O
nominees O
, O
according O
to O
diplomats O
, O
are O
: O
Kofi B-PER
Annan I-PER
of O
Ghana B-LOC
, O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
undersecretary-general O
for O
peacekeeping O
; O
Ahmedou B-PER
Ould I-PER
Abdallah I-PER
of O
Mauritania B-LOC
, O
the O
former O
U.N. B-ORG
special O
envoy O
for O
Burundi B-LOC
; O
Amara B-PER
Essy I-PER
of O
the O
Ivory B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
, O
its O
foreign O
minister O
and O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
General I-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
president O
in O
1994-95 O
; O
and O
Hamid B-PER
Algabid I-PER
of O
Niger B-LOC
, O
the O
secretary-general O
of O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
Islamic I-ORG
Conference I-ORG
. O

Representatives O
of O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
missions O
of O
Ghana B-LOC
, O
the O
Ivory B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
, O
Mauritania B-LOC
and O
Niger B-LOC
have O
scheduled O
a O
meeting O
with O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
president O
Paolo B-PER
Fulci I-PER
of O
Italy B-LOC
to O
hand O
in O
the O
nominations O
in O
writing O
, O
the O
envoys O
said O
. O

It O
was O
not O
known O
if O
other O
candidates O
would O
step O
forward O
. O

Diplomats O
said O
General O
Joseph B-PER
Garba I-PER
of O
Nigeria B-LOC
, O
a O
U.N. B-ORG
General I-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
president O
in O
1989-90 O
, O
was O
putting O
forth O
his O
own O
candidacy O
without O
being O
nominated O
by O
his O
country O
. O

Boutros-Ghali B-PER
on O
Wednesday O
opened O
the O
door O
for O
other O
Africans B-MISC
to O
contest O
his O
job O
by O
saying O
he O
was O
suspending O
temporarily O
his O
candidacy O
but O
was O
not O
withdrawing O
completely O
from O
the O
race O
. O

His O
supporters O
said O
this O
meant O
he O
remained O
a O
candidate O
in O
case O
the O
race O
reached O
an O
impasse O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
on O
Nov. O
19 O
vetoed O
his O
bid O
for O
re-election O
while O
the O
other O
14 O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
members O
supported O
him O
. O

The O
move O
by O
the O
African B-MISC
states O
means O
that O
the O
council O
could O
begin O
voting O
on O
candidates O
next O
week O
, O
a O
procedure O
that O
could O
either O
result O
in O
a O
decision O
or O
turn O
into O
a O
bitter O
fight O
with O
vetoes O
against O
each O
nominee O
. O

The O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
has O
to O
vote O
on O
a O
new O
secretary-general O
and O
then O
seek O
the O
endorsement O
of O
the O
185-members O
General B-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
before O
December O
31 O
when O
Boutros-Ghali B-PER
's O
term O
expires O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Spain B-LOC
's O
police O
seize O
petrol O
bombs O
, O
arrest O
five O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Spanish B-MISC
police O
said O
on O
Friday O
they O
had O
arrested O
five O
people O
and O
seized O
more O
than O
90 O
petrol O
bombs O
during O
disturbances O
after O
a O
protest O
in O
the O
Basque B-MISC
country O
against O
Spain B-LOC
's O
constitution O
. O

Hooded O
protesters O
threw O
burning O
bottles O
and O
other O
objects O
at O
police O
in O
Pamplona B-LOC
after O
the O
protest O
organised O
by O
Herri B-ORG
Batasuna I-ORG
, O
the O
political O
wing O
of O
Basque B-MISC
separatist O
group O
ETA B-ORG
. O

Police O
also O
confiscated O
eight O
kg O
( O
18 O
lb O
) O
of O
screws O
, O
balaclavas O
and O
spray O
paint O
cans O
. O

The O
protest O
, O
which O
attracted O
several O
thousand O
supporters O
, O
coincided O
with O
the O
18th O
anniversary O
of O
Spain B-LOC
's O
constitution O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Mussolini B-PER
's O
granddaughter O
rejoins O
far-right O
party O
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Alessandra B-PER
Mussolini I-PER
, O
the O
granddaughter O
of O
Italy B-LOC
's O
Fascist O
dictator O
Benito B-PER
Mussolini I-PER
, O
said O
on O
Friday O
she O
had O
rejoined O
the O
far-right O
National B-ORG
Alliance I-ORG
( O
AN B-ORG
) O
party O
she O
quit O
over O
policy O
differences O
last O
month O
. O

" O
I O
've O
gone O
back O
, O
" O
she O
told O
a O
radio O
show O
shortly O
after O
AN B-ORG
leader O
Gianfranco B-PER
Fini I-PER
, O
who O
was O
being O
interviewed O
on O
the O
programme O
, O
said O
the O
row O
had O
been O
resolved O
. O

" O
He O
did O
n't O
want O
to O
lose O
me O
and O
I O
did O
n't O
want O
to O
lose O
him O
. O
" O

Fini B-PER
told O
state O
radio O
RAI B-LOC
he O
met O
Mussolini B-PER
thanks O
to O
the O
good O
offices O
of O
Giuseppe B-PER
Tatarella I-PER
, O
AN B-ORG
's O
leader O
in O
the O
Chamber B-ORG
of I-ORG
Deputies I-ORG
( O
lower O
house O
) O
, O
and O
had O
overcome O
their O
differences O
. O

Mussolini B-PER
, O
33 O
, O
resigned O
from O
the O
parliamentary O
party O
group O
for O
what O
she O
said O
were O
strictly O
political O
reasons O
. O

The O
fiery O
politician O
, O
who O
is O
also O
a O
niece O
of O
screen O
star O
Sophia B-PER
Loren I-PER
, O
had O
accused O
AN B-ORG
leaders O
of O
stifling O
internal O
party O
debate O
. O

Mussolini B-PER
, O
who O
sits O
in O
the O
Chamber B-ORG
, O
told O
La B-ORG
Stampa I-ORG
newspaper O
last O
month O
after O
quitting O
AN B-ORG
's O
parliamentary O
party O
that O
she O
was O
considering O
joining O
the O
neo-fascist O
Social B-ORG
Movement I-ORG
( O
MS-Fiamma B-ORG
) O
formed O
by O
some O
of O
the O
Duce O
's O
World B-MISC
War I-MISC
Two I-MISC
followers O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
Santa B-PER
in O
bank O
nearly O
gets O
arrested O
. O

HANOVER B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
Santa B-PER
Claus I-PER
distributing O
presents O
to O
workers O
in O
a O
German B-MISC
bank O
on O
Friday O
nearly O
ended O
up O
behind O
bars O
when O
a O
passing O
police O
patrol O
thought O
he O
was O
a O
robber O
in O
disguise O
. O

The O
man O
, O
doing O
his O
rounds O
in O
the O
northern O
city O
of O
Hanover B-LOC
on O
the O
day O
when O
German B-MISC
children O
traditionally O
receive O
small O
presents O
from O
Saint B-PER
Nicholas I-PER
, O
convinced O
police O
eventually O
that O
he O
was O
genuine O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Italy B-LOC
commission O
concludes O
1997 O
budget O
examination O
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
Italian B-MISC
upper O
house O
Senate B-ORG
budget O
commission O
has O
concluded O
its O
examination O
of O
Italy B-LOC
's O
1997 O
budget O
, O
and O
it O
will O
approve O
the O
measure O
officially O
by O
Saturday O
. O

From O
Tuesday O
, O
the O
full O
assembly O
of O
the O
Senate B-ORG
will O
start O
its O
examination O
of O
the O
financial O
package O
. O

-- O
Milan B-LOC
newsroom O
+392 O
66129502 O

-DOCSTART- O

EU B-ORG
, O
Poland B-LOC
agree O
on O
oil O
import O
tariffs O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
Poland B-LOC
have O
resolved O
disagreements O
over O
a O
new O
Polish B-MISC
oil O
import O
regime O
, O
the O
European B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
EU B-ORG
had O
objected O
to O
increases O
in O
Polish B-MISC
tariffs O
on O
imports O
of O
gasoline O
and O
gasoil O
products O
introduced O
on O
January O
1 O
, O
1996 O
, O
saying O
they O
contravened O
levels O
envisaged O
in O
the O
so-called O
Europe B-LOC
Agreement O
between O
the O
EU B-ORG
and O
Poland B-LOC
. O

The O
increases O
were O
aimed O
at O
protecting O
the O
Polish B-MISC
market O
while O
helping O
to O
modernise O
the O
local O
oil O
industry O
. O

" O
The O
EU B-ORG
and O
Poland B-LOC
have O
now O
reached O
a O
final O
settlement O
regarding O
issues O
related O
to O
the O
Polish B-MISC
import O
regime O
in O
the O
oils O
sector O
, O
" O
the O
Commission B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

Under O
the O
agreement O
, O
Poland B-LOC
will O
abolish O
all O
oil O
import O
tariffs O
by O
2001 O
, O
remove O
all O
oil O
price O
controls O
and O
end O
quantitative O
restrictions O
on O
imports O
by O
January O
1 O
, O
1997 O
. O

The O
agreement O
includes O
the O
early O
privatisation O
and O
modernisation O
of O
Polish B-MISC
oil O
refineries O
, O
which O
will O
be O
obliged O
to O
offer O
equal O
treatment O
to O
all O
buyers O
. O

The O
EU B-ORG
and O
Poland B-LOC
will O
monitor O
the O
settlement O
at O
six-monthly O
meetings O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hindu B-MISC
party O
forces O
India B-LOC
parliament O
to O
adjourn O
. O

NEW B-LOC
DELHI I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Hindu B-MISC
nationalists O
forced O
adjournment O
of O
India B-LOC
's O
lower O
house O
of O
parliament O
on O
Friday O
, O
in O
protest O
against O
a O
proposal O
to O
observe O
a O
minute O
's O
silence O
over O
the O
destruction O
of O
a O
mosque O
by O
a O
Hindu B-MISC
mob O
in O
1992 O
. O

Members O
of O
the O
Hindu B-MISC
nationalist O
Bharatiya B-ORG
Janata I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
BJP B-ORG
) O
shouted O
pro-Hindu B-MISC
slogans O
in O
the O
house O
after O
a O
communist O
deputy O
made O
the O
proposal O
in O
remembrance O
of O
the O
Babri O
mosque O
, O
which O
was O
razed O
on O
December O
6 O
, O
1992 O
. O

The O
house O
was O
first O
adjourned O
for O
two O
hours O
. O

When O
it O
reconvened O
, O
BJP B-ORG
deputies O
resumed O
the O
slogan-shouting O
, O
and O
deputy O
speaker O
Suraj B-PER
Bhan I-PER
suspended O
work O
until O
Monday O
. O

The O
destruction O
of O
the O
16th-century O
mosque O
in O
the O
northern O
Indian B-MISC
town O
of O
Ayodhya B-LOC
triggered O
nationwide O
Hindu-Moslem B-MISC
violence O
in O
which O
more O
than O
3,000 O
people O
were O
killed O
. O

Indian B-MISC
officials O
blame O
revenge-minded O
Moslem B-MISC
underworld O
gangs O
in O
Bombay B-LOC
for O
a O
string O
of O
bombings O
in O
the O
city O
three O
months O
later O
that O
killed O
260 O
people O
. O

The O
BJP B-ORG
backs O
a O
hardline O
Hindu B-MISC
campaign O
to O
build O
a O
temple O
at O
the O
site O
of O
the O
mosque O
, O
which O
Hindus B-MISC
believe O
was O
the O
birthplace O
of O
the O
Lord O
Rama B-PER
. O

The O
campaign O
catapulted O
BJP B-ORG
from O
the O
political O
fringe O
to O
become O
India B-LOC
's O
main O
opposition O
party O
in O
1991 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Indian B-MISC
Sept O
crude O
oil O
output O
falls O
to O
2.6 O
mln O
T O
. O

NEW B-LOC
DELHI I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

India B-LOC
's O
crude O
petroleum O
output O
fell O
to O
2.56 O
million O
tonnes O
in O
September O
from O
2.83 O
million O
in O
the O
same O
month O
in O
1995 O
, O
the O
government O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

STEEL O
OUTPUT O
Sept O
Sept O
Apr-Sept O
Apr-Sept O

1996 O
1995 O
1996 O
1995 O

Crude O
petroleum O
2,557 O
2,832 O
15,838 O
17,648 O

Petroleum O
products O
4,605 O
5,110 O
30,589 O
29,328 O

Note O
- O
Figures O
are O
in O
thousands O
of O
tonnes O
and O
preliminary O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

LUXEMBOURG B-LOC
CHRISTMAS O
MARKET O
GOES O
ON O
WORLD O
WIDE O
WEB O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Luxembourg B-LOC
's O
traditional O
Christmas O
market O
, O
which O
starts O
on O
Saturday O
and O
runs O
to O
December O
24 O
, O
has O
taken O
to O
the O
world O
wide O
web O
as O
a O
way O
of O
publicising O
its O
activities O
. O

The O
web O
site O
( O
http://www.pt.lu/infoweb/kreschtmaart O
) O
gives O
details O
of O
the O
market O
's O
concert O
programme O
as O
well O
as O
its O
various O
retailers O
. O

-- O
Brussels B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+32 O
2 O
287 O
6810 O
, O
Fax O
+32 O
2 O
230 O
7710 O

-DOCSTART- O

London B-LOC
coal O
/ O
ore O
fixtures O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

COAL O
- O
Lantau B-MISC
Peak I-MISC
- O
120,000 O
tones O
coal O
Hay B-LOC
Point I-LOC
or O
Newcastle B-LOC
/ O
Kaohsiung B-LOC
20-30/1 O
$ O
5.25 O
and O
$ O
5.85 O
fio O
respectively O
40,000-35,000 O
/ O
28,000 O
shinc O
China B-ORG
Steel I-ORG
. O

Royal B-MISC
Clipper I-MISC
- O
77,000 O
tonnes O
coal O
Maracaibo B-LOC
/ O
Fos B-LOC
19/12-2/1 O
$ O
9.90 O
fio O
20,000 O
shinc O
/ O
25,000 O
shinc O
Coe B-ORG
and I-ORG
Clerici I-ORG
. O

ORE O
- O
IMC O
TBN O
- O
70,000 O
tonnes O
Dampier B-LOC
/ O
Kaohsiung B-LOC
20-30/12 O
$ O
5.25 O
fio O
35,000 O
shinc O
/ O
30,000 O
shinc O
China B-ORG
Steel I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

UK B-LOC
bookmakers O
lengthen O
Conservative B-MISC
victory O
odds O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

UK B-LOC
bookmakers O
William B-PER
Hill I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
they O
have O
lengthened O
the O
odds O
of O
a O
Conservative B-MISC
victory O
in O
the O
next O
general O
election O
from O
9-4 O
to O
5-2 O
. O

William B-PER
Hill I-PER
said O
the O
odds O
were O
the O
longest O
they O
had O
been O
for O
six O
months O
. O

The O
Labour B-ORG
opposition O
are O
now O
1-4 O
favourites O
, O
it O
said O
. O

The O
election O
must O
be O
held O
by O
May O
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542-7768 O

-DOCSTART- O

Italy B-LOC
tops O
week O
of O
meagre O
bond O
returns O
- O
Salomon B-ORG
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

High-flying O
Italy B-LOC
topped O
the O
league O
in O
a O
week O
of O
meagre O
returns O
on O
government O
bonds O
, O
Salomon B-ORG
Brothers I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

In O
local O
currency O
terms O
, O
Italian B-MISC
BTPs O
offered O
returns O
of O
0.85 O
percent O
in O
the O
week O
ended O
on O
Thursday O
, O
with O
fellow O
high-yielder O
Sweden B-LOC
close O
behind O
on O
0.80 O
percent O
. O

The O
weekly O
government O
bond O
index O
rose O
0.07 O
percent O
in O
local O
currency O
terms O
. O

France B-LOC
managed O
third O
place O
with O
0.68 O
percent O
in O
the O
16-nation O
world O
government O
bond O
index O
. O

Canada B-LOC
's O
were O
the O
worst O
performing O
bonds O
. O

They O
lost O
2.21 O
percent O
, O
depressed O
by O
a O
wave O
of O
new O
Canadian B-MISC
supply O
. O

Returns O
on O
Treasuries B-MISC
were O
also O
in O
negative O
territory O
at O
minus O
0.24 O
percent O
, O
the O
poorest O
result O
after O
Canada B-LOC
and O
British B-MISC
gilts O
which O
lost O
0.28 O
percent O
. O

Australia B-LOC
was O
the O
only O
dollar-bloc O
country O
in O
the O
table O
to O
eke O
out O
a O
positive O
return O
, O
albeit O
a O
paltry O
0.02 O
percent O
. O

German B-MISC
Bunds O
were O
not O
much O
better O
, O
offering O
returns O
of O
0.05 O
percent O
, O
while O
Japanese B-MISC
government O
bonds O
managed O
a O
0.38 O
percent O
gain O
. O

Spanish B-MISC
bonds O
, O
which O
had O
been O
top O
performers O
in O
Salomon B-ORG
Brothers I-ORG
' O
league O
table O
for O
November O
as O
a O
whole O
, O
turned O
in O
a O
more O
subdued O
weekly O
performance O
with O
a O
return O
of O
only O
0.27 O
percent O
. O

In O
U.S. B-LOC
dollar O
terms O
, O
Japan B-LOC
was O
the O
only O
country O
to O
give O
positive O
returns O
at O
1.35 O
percent O
. O

France B-LOC
lost O
0.37 O
percent O
, O
followed O
by O
Italy B-LOC
on O
minus O
0.59 O
percent O
. O

The O
biggest O
losers O
in O
dollar O
terms O
were O
British B-MISC
gilts O
, O
which O
shed O
3.41 O
percent O
, O
Canada B-LOC
with O
minus O
3.03 O
percent O
and O
Australia B-LOC
at O
minus O
1.54 O
percent O
. O

Salomon B-ORG
's O
bond O
index O
is O
calculated O
using O
all O
government O
bonds O
with O
over O
one O
year O
to O
maturity O
, O
weighted O
for O
market O
capitalisation O
. O

Only O
bonds O
freely O
available O
to O
institutional O
investors O
and O
with O
a O
certain O
minimum O
amount O
outstanding O
are O
included O
. O

Returns O
take O
account O
of O
price O
moves O
and O
accrued O
interest O
. O

-- O
Stephen B-PER
Nisbet I-PER
, O
International B-ORG
Bonds I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
6320 O

-DOCSTART- O

OPEC B-ORG
basket O
price O
$ O
24.20 O
on O
Thursday O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
price O
of O
the O
OPEC B-ORG
basket O
of O
seven O
crudes O
stood O
at O
$ O
24.20 O
a O
barrel O
on O
Thursday O
, O
against O
$ O
23.47 O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
the O
OPECNA B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
, O
quoting O
the O
OPEC B-ORG
secretariat O
. O

The O
basket O
comprises O
Algeria B-LOC
's O
Saharan B-MISC
Blend I-MISC
, O
Indonesia B-LOC
's O
Minas B-MISC
, O
Nigeria B-LOC
's O
Bonny B-MISC
Light I-MISC
, O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
's O
Arabian B-MISC
Light I-MISC
, O
Dubai B-MISC
of O
the O
UAE B-LOC
, O
Venezuela B-LOC
's O
Tia B-MISC
Juana I-MISC
and O
Mexico B-LOC
's O
Isthmus B-MISC
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7630 O

-DOCSTART- O

Relations O
between O
Clarke B-PER
, O
Major B-PER
good O
- O
spokesman O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Relations O
between O
Chancellor O
of O
the O
Exchequer O
Kenneth B-PER
Clarke I-PER
and O
Prime O
Minister O
John B-PER
Major I-PER
are O
good O
despite O
media O
reports O
of O
a O
rift O
over O
European B-MISC
policy O
, O
a O
spokesman O
for O
Major B-PER
's O
office O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Asked O
about O
the O
reports O
, O
the O
spokesman O
said O
: O
" O
Relations O
are O
good O
. O
" O

Asked O
about O
Major B-PER
's O
mood O
after O
a O
day O
of O
media O
speculation O
about O
his O
political O
fortunes O
, O
the O
spokesman O
said O
: O
" O
He O
is O
resolute O
. O

He O
is O
getting O
on O
with O
the O
job O
. O
" O

The O
spokesman O
said O
he O
was O
not O
aware O
of O
any O
meetings O
overnight O
between O
Clarke B-PER
and O
Major B-PER
, O
nor O
of O
any O
talks O
between O
the O
prime O
minister O
and O
parliamentary O
business O
managers O
. O

Both O
Major B-PER
and O
Clarke B-PER
were O
in O
their O
constituencies O
on O
Friday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
dead O
after O
executive O
jet O
crashes O
in O
Newfoundland B-LOC
. O

STEPHENVILLE B-LOC
, O
Newfoundland B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Two O
people O
were O
killed O
when O
an O
executive O
jet O
en O
route O
to O
Ireland B-LOC
from O
Michigan B-LOC
crashed O
on O
approach O
to O
an O
airport O
in O
Stephenville B-LOC
, O
Newfoundland B-LOC
, O
on O
Friday O
, O
authorities O
said O
. O

The O
pilot O
and O
co-pilot O
, O
the O
only O
two O
aboard O
, O
were O
killed O
in O
the O
crash O
of O
the O
Learjet B-MISC
36 I-MISC
, O
airport O
manager O
David B-PER
Snow I-PER
said O
in O
a O
telephone O
interview O
. O

Snow B-PER
said O
the O
plane O
last O
reported O
to O
air O
traffic O
control O
at O
about O
3 O
A.M. O
local O
time O
/ O
1:30 O
A.M. O
EST O
( O
0630 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
when O
it O
began O
its O
final O
approach O
about O
10 O
miles O
( O
16 O
km O
) O
from O
the O
airport O
in O
this O
east O
coast O
Canadian B-MISC
province O
. O

That O
was O
the O
last O
communication O
the O
aircraft O
made O
with O
the O
airport O
, O
he O
added O
. O

" O
We O
considered O
it O
as O
being O
missing O
until O
about O
0600 O
( O
4:30 O
A.M. O
EST O
) O
( O
0930 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
. O

That O
's O
when O
the O
wreckage O
was O
discovered O
, O
" O
Snow B-PER
said O
. O

He O
said O
the O
cargo O
flight O
originated O
in O
Grand B-LOC
Rapids I-LOC
, O
Michigan B-LOC
, O
and O
was O
due O
to O
stop O
at O
Stephenville B-LOC
for O
refueling O
before O
going O
to O
Shannon B-LOC
, O
Ireland B-LOC
. O

The O
cause O
of O
the O
crash O
was O
not O
yet O
known O
. O

Investigators O
were O
due O
to O
fly O
to O
Stephenville B-LOC
later O
on O
Friday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PLO B-ORG
says O
Arafat B-PER
, O
Netanyahu B-PER
could O
meet O
Saturday O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

PLO B-ORG
negotiators O
said O
on O
Friday O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
, O
Israeli B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
and O
Egyptian B-MISC
President O
Hosni B-PER
Mubarak I-PER
might O
all O
meet O
on O
Saturday O
to O
try O
to O
clinch O
a O
deal O
on O
Israel B-LOC
's O
handover O
of O
Hebron B-LOC
to O
the O
PLO B-ORG
. O

" O
It O
is O
very O
possible O
that O
Arafat B-PER
and O
Netanyahu B-PER
will O
meet O
in O
Cairo B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

There O
is O
work O
on O
arranging O
such O
a O
meeting O
hosted O
by O
President O
Mubarak B-PER
, O
" O
one O
PLO B-ORG
official O
, O
who O
requested O
anonymity O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Israeli B-MISC
officials O
said O
no O
meeting O
had O
yet O
been O
set O
. O

Arafat B-PER
's O
adviser O
Nabil B-PER
Abu I-PER
Rdainah I-PER
said O
: O

" O
President O
Arafat B-PER
is O
ready O
to O
meet O
Prime O
Minister O
Netanyahu B-PER
but O
no O
time O
or O
date O
has O
been O
set O
for O
such O
a O
meeting O
yet O
. O

" O
President O
Arafat B-PER
's O
position O
is O
clear O
that O
such O
a O
meeting O
should O
come O
after O
successful O
negotiations O
so O
that O
the O
meeting O
would O
have O
positive O
results O
. O

Especially O
since O
the O
Hebron B-LOC
issue O
has O
not O
been O
agreed O
yet O
and O
the O
crucial O
disputed O
issues O
have O
not O
been O
resolved O
. O
" O

But O
Rdainah B-PER
said O
Arafat B-PER
would O
go O
to O
Cairo B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
for O
talks O
with O
Mubarak B-PER
. O

Both O
Arafat B-PER
and O
Netanyahu B-PER
have O
expressed O
willingness O
to O
meet O
. O

They O
last O
met O
in O
Washington B-LOC
after O
clashes O
in O
September O
that O
killed O
60 O
Palestinians B-MISC
and O
15 O
Israelis B-MISC
. O

The O
violence O
was O
spurred O
by O
Israel B-LOC
's O
opening O
an O
entrance O
to O
a O
tunnel O
near O
Moslem B-MISC
sites O
in O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

The O
Palestine B-ORG
Liberation I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
( O
PLO B-ORG
) O
negotiators O
said O
the O
last O
two O
weeks O
of O
talks O
with O
Israel B-LOC
on O
implementing O
the O
long-delayed O
handover O
of O
most O
of O
Hebron B-LOC
to O
PLO B-ORG
rule O
had O
been O
" O
meaningless O
" O
, O
necessitating O
an O
Arafat-Netanyahu O
meeting O
. O

Mubarak B-PER
's O
adviser O
Osama B-PER
el-Baz I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
there O
were O
efforts O
to O
arrange O
a O
meeting O
between O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
and O
Palestinian B-MISC
leaders O
. O

Palestinian B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
Secretary O
General O
Ahmed B-PER
Abdel-Rahman I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
he O
understood O
it O
could O
be O
held O
in O
Cairo B-LOC
either O
on O
Friday O
or O
Sunday O
. O

Abdel-Rahman B-PER
had O
said O
on O
Thursday O
he O
did O
not O
think O
Saturday O
would O
be O
the O
date O
because O
it O
is O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
sabbath O
. O

But O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
sabbath O
ends O
at O
sundown O
, O
so O
a O
night O
meeting O
would O
not O
interfere O
with O
the O
religious O
observance O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Turkey B-LOC
hindered O
by O
own O
landmines O
on O
Syrian B-MISC
border O
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Turkey B-LOC
's O
efforts O
to O
prevent O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebels O
and O
smugglers O
infiltrating O
from O
Syria B-LOC
are O
being O
badly O
hindered O
because O
the O
military O
does O
not O
have O
a O
map O
of O
its O
own O
minefields O
on O
the O
border O
, O
a O
commission O
of O
parliamentarians O
said O
. O

" O
It O
is O
not O
known O
exactly O
where O
the O
mines O
have O
been O
sown O
because O
a O
minefield O
chart O
cannot O
be O
found O
, O
" O
the O
commission O
said O
in O
a O
report O
on O
border O
protection O
. O

The O
report O
, O
to O
be O
debated O
in O
parliament O
in O
coming O
weeks O
, O
was O
seen O
by O
Reuters B-ORG
on O
Friday O
. O
" O

Officials O
say O
the O
minefields O
present O
an O
obstacle O
to O
the O
security O
forces O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

It O
said O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Workers I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PKK B-ORG
) O
guerrillas O
sometimes O
know O
the O
layout O
of O
mined O
areas O
along O
the O
border O
better O
than O
the O
security O
forces O
. O

" O
Terrorists O
and O
smugglers O
have O
dug O
up O
the O
mines O
, O
defused O
them O
and O
opened O
up O
wide O
paths O
in O
some O
areas O
. O

They O
can O
come O
in O
and O
out O
easily O
as O
the O
minefields O
are O
not O
an O
obstacle O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

An O
armed O
forces O
spokesman O
was O
not O
available O
for O
comment O
. O

Turkey B-LOC
says O
Syria B-LOC
sponsors O
the O
PKK B-ORG
, O
fighting O
for O
Kurdish B-MISC
self-rule O
in O
southeast O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

Damascus B-LOC
denies O
aiding O
the O
rebels O
. O

The O
PKK B-ORG
also O
crosses O
into O
Turkey B-LOC
from O
bases O
in O
the O
mountains O
of O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

More O
than O
21,000 O
people O
have O
died O
in O
the O
12-year-old O
conflict O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Three O
dead O
in O
Kurd B-MISC
militia O
blood O
feud O
in O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

DIYARBAKIR B-LOC
, O
Turkey B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Three O
people O
were O
killed O
on O
Friday O
in O
a O
gun O
battle O
between O
rival O
groups O
of O
anti-guerrilla O
militiamen O
on O
the O
streets O
of O
this O
southeastern O
Turkish B-MISC
city O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Four O
others O
were O
wounded O
in O
the O
clash O
, O
caused O
by O
a O
blood O
feud O
between O
two O
families O
, O
the O
Kesers B-PER
and O
Karabuluts B-PER
, O
serving O
as O
state-paid O
village O
guards O
against O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebels O
. O

Police O
said O
the O
guards O
fired O
automatic O
weapons O
at O
each O
other O
. O

One O
of O
the O
dead O
was O
a O
civilian O
passer-by O
. O

The O
role O
of O
the O
70,000 O
mainly O
Kurdish B-MISC
village O
guards O
who O
fight O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Workers I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PKK B-ORG
) O
guerrillas O
in O
the O
southeast O
has O
been O
questioned O
recently O
after O
media O
allegations O
that O
many O
of O
them O
are O
involved O
in O
common O
crime O
. O

The O
head O
of O
the O
region O
's O
main O
pro-state O
militia O
is O
at O
the O
centre O
of O
a O
security O
scandal O
that O
has O
shaken O
the O
government O
. O

More O
than O
21,000 O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
the O
12-year-old O
conflict O
between O
Turkish B-MISC
security O
forces O
and O
the O
PKK B-ORG
, O
fighting O
for O
Kurdish B-MISC
autonomy O
or O
independence O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Texas B-LOC
/ O
w O
Okla B-LOC
fed O
cattle O
roundup O
- O
USDA B-ORG
. O

AMARILLO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Trade O
very O
slow O
in O
the O
Panhandle B-LOC
area O
Thursday O
. O

Slaughter O
steers O
and O
heifers O
not O
well O
tested O
. O

Feedlots O
reporting O
light O
inquiry O
from O
buyers O
. O

- O
USDA B-ORG

Thursday O
200 O
Week O
Ago O
Holiday O
Year O
Ago O
10,900 O

Wk O
to O
Date O
69,100 O
Week O
Ago O
58,100 O
Year O
Ago O
30,800 O

Sales O
reported O
on O
200 O
head O
steers O
; O
69,100 O
head O
confirmed O
for O
week O
to O
date O
which O
includes O
14,000 O
formulated O
and O
3,400 O
contracted O
cattle O
to O
be O
shipped O
this O
week O
. O

Slaughter O
Steers O
: O
Pen O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-3 O
, O
1150 O
lbs O
67.00 O
. O

Pen O
Select O
, O
few O
choice O
2-3 O
1150 O
lbs O
66.00 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kansas B-LOC
feedlot O
cattle O
roundup O
- O
USDA B-ORG
. O

DODGE B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Trade O
slow O
. O

Not O
enough O
slaughter O
steer O
or O
heifer O
sales O
confirmed O
for O
an O
adequate O
market O
test O
. O

- O
USDA B-ORG

Thursday O
600 O
week O
ago O
holiday O
year O
ago O
14,200 O

week O
to O
date O
89,300 O
week O
ago O
71,000 O
year O
ago O
47,200 O

Inquiry O
good O
, O
demand O
light O
. O

Sales O
confirmed O
on O
500 O
slaughter O
steers O
and O
100 O
slaughter O
heifers O
Thursday O
. O

For O
the O
week O
to O
date O
89,300 O
head O
confirmed O
including O
30,600 O
head O
of O
contracted O
or O
formulated O
cattle O
. O

Steers O
: O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-3 O
, O
1200 O
lbs O
67.00 O
. O

Heifers O
: O
Select O
and O
Choice O
2-3 O
, O
1150 O
lbs O
67.00 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Delphis B-ORG
Hanover I-ORG
weekly O
municipal O
bond O
yields O
. O

Delphis B-ORG
Hanover I-ORG
weekly O
muni O
bond O
yields O
calculated O
Dec O
5 O

Aaa O
Aa O
A O
Baa O

1997 O
3.50 O
3.60* O
3.70 O
3.75 O
4.00 O
4.00 O
4.30 O
4.35 O

2001 O
4.20 O
4.20 O
4.35 O
4.40 O
4.65 O
4.65 O
5.00 O
5.00 O

2006 O
4.70 O
4.70 O
4.85 O
4.85 O
5.15 O
5.15 O
5.50 O
5.50 O

2011 O
5.15 O
5.15 O
5.30 O
5.30 O
5.60 O
5.60 O
5.90 O
5.90 O

2016 O
5.35 O
5.30 O
5.50 O
5.45 O
5.80 O
5.75 O
6.10 O
6.05 O

2021 O
5.45 O
5.40 O
5.60 O
5.55 O
5.90 O
5.85 O
6.20 O
6.15 O

2026 O
5.50 O
5.45 O
5.65 O
5.60 O
5.95 O
5.90 O
6.25 O
6.20 O

*from O
previous O
calculation O
on O
Nov O
27 O

-- O
U.S. B-ORG
Municipal I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1650 O

-DOCSTART- O

ACCESS B-MISC
energy O
futures O
prices O
add O
to O
daytime O
gains O
. O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
1996-12-05 O

U.S. B-LOC
energy O
futures O
added O
to O
floor O
session O
gains O
in O
light O
NYMEX B-MISC
ACCESS I-MISC
trade O
Thursday O
, O
as O
forecasts O
for O
colder O
temperatures O
in O
distillate-hungry O
Northeastern O
markets O
raised O
supply O
concerns O
. O

" O
The O
cold O
weather O
forecasts O
are O
helping O
right O
now O
, O
" O
a O
trader O
said O
. O

Earlier O
, O
NYMEX B-ORG
crude O
ended O
daytime O
trade O
78 O
cents O
higher O
at O
$ O
25.58 O
a O
barrel O
, O
following O
breakthroughs O
of O
key O
technical O
levels O
and O
reports O
of O
tighter O
supplies O
. O

Front-month O
heating O
oil O
firmed O
0.09 O
cents O
a O
gallon O
to O
75.20 O
cents O
as O
roughly O
100 O
lots O
changed O
hands O
within O
the O
first O
few O
hours O
of O
ACCESS B-MISC
. O

About O
112 O
lots O
were O
exchanged O
overall O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

NYMEX B-ORG
gasoline O
for O
January O
delivery O
climbed O
0.12 O
cents O
a O
gallon O
to O
69.80 O
cents O
as O
a O
light O
33 O
lots O
traded O
in O
the O
nearby O
month O
and O
35 O
moved O
overall O
. O

January O
crude O
was O
barely O
changed O
from O
its O
settlement O
, O
edging O
up O
one O
cent O
to O
$ O
25.66 O
a O
barrel O
. O

About O
350 O
lots O
were O
traded O
for O
January O
and O
870 O
in O
all O
months O
. O

-- O
David B-PER
Brinkerhoff I-PER
, O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
bureau O
+1 O
213 O
380 O
2014 O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
blasts O
release O
of O
convicted O
bomber O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-12-05 O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
Thursday O
blasted O
the O
release O
from O
a O
Greek B-MISC
prison O
of O
a O
Palestinian B-MISC
guerrilla O
convicted O
of O
bombing O
an O
airliner O
and O
killing O
a O
teenager O
in O
1982 O
, O
saying O
the O
move O
" O
does O
not O
make O
sense O
. O
" O

" O
All O
of O
us O
who O
have O
been O
victimised O
by O
terrorists O
... O
need O
to O
stand O
together O
against O
terrorists O
. O

We O
ca O
n't O
let O
terrorists O
out O
of O
jail O
when O
they O
are O
a O
danger O
to O
civilians O
all O
around O
the O
world O
, O
" O
State B-ORG
Department I-ORG
spokesman O
Nicholas B-PER
Burns I-PER
said O
. O
' O

Mohammed B-PER
Rashid I-PER
" O
is O
a O
terrorist O
who O
deserves O
to O
be O
behind O
bars O
. O

It O
is O
inexplicable O
to O
us O
why O
he O
would O
have O
been O
allowed O
to O
leave O
Greece B-LOC
before O
serving O
his O
just O
sentence O
... O
This O
is O
an O
incomprehensible O
move O
. O

It O
does O
not O
make O
sense O
, O
" O
Burns B-PER
told O
a O
news O
briefing O
. O

He O
spoke O
after O
Rashid B-PER
left O
Greece B-LOC
Thursday O
on O
being O
freed O
from O
prison O
early O
for O
good O
behaviour O
after O
serving O
8-1/2 O
years O
. O

The O
Clinton B-PER
administration O
's O
strong O
views O
on O
this O
subject O
have O
been O
conveyed O
to O
the O
Greek B-MISC
government O
, O
Burns B-PER
said O
. O

Mahammad B-PER
Rashid I-PER
was O
whisked O
from O
Korydallos B-LOC
maximum O
security O
prison O
just O
outside O
Athens B-LOC
to O
the O
airport O
where O
he O
boarded O
a O
regular O
Olympic B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
flight O
to O
Cairo B-LOC
where O
he O
would O
transit O
to O
Tunis B-LOC
and O
the O
former O
Palestine B-ORG
Liberation I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
headquarters O
. O

Rashid B-PER
, O
46 O
, O
was O
sentenced O
to O
18 O
years O
in O
prison O
by O
a O
Greek B-MISC
court O
in O
1992 O
after O
being O
convicted O
of O
premeditated O
murder O
in O
the O
mid-air O
bombing O
of O
a O
Pan B-MISC
American I-MISC
airliner O
in O
1982 O
. O

His O
sentence O
had O
been O
reduced O
to O
15 O
years O
in O
1993 O
. O

A O
parole O
court O
ruled O
recently O
that O
Rashid B-PER
could O
be O
freed O
after O
serving O
8-1/2 O
years O
, O
with O
time O
in O
pre-trial O
detention O
counted O
towards O
his O
term O
, O
but O
said O
he O
must O
be O
expelled O
immediately O
from O
Greece B-LOC
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
accuses O
Rashid B-PER
of O
belonging O
to O
the O
May O
15 O
Palestinian B-MISC
guerrilla O
group O
and O
being O
an O
accomplished O
student O
of O
master O
Palestinian B-MISC
bombmaker O
Abu B-PER
Ibrahim I-PER
. O

Three O
FBI B-ORG
agents O
who O
testified O
against O
Rashid B-PER
during O
the O
trial O
, O
held O
at O
Korydallos B-LOC
prison O
, O
said O
they O
had O
ample O
evidence O
against O
Rashid B-PER
for O
a O
bomb O
planted O
on O
a O
Pan B-MISC
American I-MISC
plane O
in O
Brazil B-LOC
in O
1982 O
and O
a O
mid-air O
bomb O
blast O
on O
a O
TWA B-ORG
airliner O
approaching O
Athens B-LOC
in O
1986 O
which O
killed O
four O
U.S. B-LOC
citizens O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

School O
football O
player O
banned O
for O
slashing O
opponents O
. O

ALBUQUERQUE B-LOC
, O
N.M. B-LOC
1996-12-05 O

A O
New B-LOC
Mexico I-LOC
high O
school O
football O
player O
who O
used O
razor-sharp O
helmet O
buckles O
to O
slash O
opponents O
and O
a O
referee O
was O
expelled O
from O
high O
school O
banned O
Thursday O
from O
competition O
for O
one O
year O
. O

Mike B-PER
Cito I-PER
, O
17 O
, O
was O
expelled O
from O
St B-ORG
Pius I-ORG
X I-ORG
High I-ORG
School I-ORG
in O
Albuquerque B-LOC
after O
an O
October O
game O
in O
which O
he O
used O
the O
sharpened O
chin O
strap O
buckles O
to O
injure O
two O
opposing O
players O
and O
the O
referee O
. O

One O
of O
the O
players O
need O
10 O
stitches O
to O
a O
cut O
on O
his O
forearm O
. O

Officials O
said O
the O
New B-ORG
Mexico I-ORG
Activities I-ORG
Association I-ORG
decided O
to O
bar O
Cito B-PER
from O
any O
inter-scholastic O
competition O
until O
next O
October O
, O
regardless O
of O
the O
school O
he O
attends O
. O

Cito B-PER
's O
father O
, O
Stephen B-PER
Cito I-PER
, O
had O
admitted O
filing O
the O
metal O
buckles O
to O
a O
fine O
edge O
, O
saying O
he O
did O
it O
to O
get O
even O
with O
the O
referee O
and O
with O
players O
who O
had O
roughed O
up O
his O
son O
in O
a O
previous O
game O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Cyberspace O
squabbles O
overshadow O
copyright O
talks O
. O

Elif B-PER
Kaban I-PER

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

In O
a O
gloomy O
Geneva B-LOC
conference O
centre O
built O
before O
the O
dawn O
of O
the O
Internet B-MISC
, O
groups O
of O
staid O
officials O
made O
a O
first O
stab O
on O
Friday O
at O
rewriting O
copyright O
laws O
for O
the O
digital O
age O
. O

But O
critics O
at O
the O
first O
government-level O
meeting O
to O
revise O
copyright O
laws O
in O
25 O
years O
said O
the O
officials O
and O
legislators O
might O
as O
well O
be O
trying O
to O
police O
the O
ether O
. O

After O
four O
days O
of O
diplomatic O
wrangling O
over O
procedures O
, O
some O
600 O
delegates O
from O
nations O
small O
and O
large O
got O
down O
to O
the O
nitty-gritty O
of O
setting O
the O
digital O
agenda O
for O
the O
first O
time O
. O

Cyberspace O
squabbles O
overshadowed O
the O
debate O
on O
a O
stack O
of O
proposals O
covering O
literary O
and O
artistic O
works O
, O
the O
rights O
of O
performers O
and O
producers O
of O
music O
and O
producers O
of O
databases O
. O

" O
If O
it O
goes O
on O
like O
this O
, O
we O
wo O
n't O
have O
enough O
time O
to O
finish O
all O
the O
discussions O
, O
" O
a O
frustrated O
Western O
delegate O
said O
. O
" O

They O
announced O
they O
will O
start O
evening O
sessions O
next O
week O
. O
" O

Attempts O
by O
copyright-based O
industries O
to O
ensure O
they O
get O
a O
cut O
from O
online O
works O
led O
to O
a O
storm O
of O
protests O
by O
Internet B-MISC
companies O
and O
critics O
who O
say O
the O
pacts O
would O
curb O
public O
access O
to O
online O
information O
from O
soccer O
results O
to O
stock O
prices O
. O

" O
It O
's O
not O
illegal O
to O
make O
photocopies O
of O
newspaper O
articles O
. O

It O
's O
fair O
use O
. O

We O
can O
read O
sports O
statistics O
or O
stock O
prices O
. O

But O
with O
the O
treaty O
, O
this O
kind O
of O
fact O
will O
be O
owned O
and O
subject O
to O
licensing O
, O
" O
said O
James B-PER
Love I-PER
, O
a O
consumer O
lobbyist O
heading O
the O
Washington-based B-MISC
Consumer B-PER
Project I-PER
on O
Technology O
. O

" O
None O
of O
the O
treaties O
are O
ready O
to O
move O
. O

These O
people O
do O
n't O
understand O
what O
they O
're O
doing O
. O
" O

At O
stake O
are O
billions O
of O
dollars O
and O
the O
future O
of O
the O
electronic O
information O
industry O
-- O
the O
coming O
medium O
for O
the O
distribution O
of O
music O
, O
films O
, O
literature O
, O
software O
and O
commerce O
. O

Supporters O
of O
the O
three O
pacts O
say O
they O
are O
only O
an O
extension O
of O
existing O
intellectual O
property O
rights O
, O
covered O
by O
the O
century-old O
Berne B-MISC
Convention I-MISC
. O

But O
an O
array O
of O
opponents O
from O
the O
network O
industry O
to O
consumer O
, O
scientific O
and O
academic O
groups O
say O
the O
pacts O
will O
give O
sweeping O
powers O
to O
entertainment O
and O
copyright-based O
industries O
. O

A O
quick O
survey O
at O
the O
conference O
centre O
found O
few O
officials O
who O
had O
actually O
surfed O
the O
Internet B-MISC
. O

Mongolia B-LOC
's O
state O
copyright O
official O
, O
Gundegma B-PER
Jargalshaihan I-PER
, O
said O
apologetically O
that O
he O
had O
just O
arrived O
from O
Ulan B-LOC
Bator I-LOC
and O
was O
not O
aware O
of O
the O
details O
of O
the O
digital O
agenda O
. O

" O
We O
do O
n't O
have O
money O
for O
Internet B-MISC
in O
Mongolia B-LOC
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Alexander B-PER
Bavykin I-PER
, O
deputy O
legal O
chief O
at O
Russia B-LOC
's O
foreign O
ministry O
, O
said O
Moscow B-LOC
had O
yet O
to O
formulate O
a O
policy O
on O
copyright O
in O
cybersppace O
. O

He O
too O
had O
never O
browsed O
the O
Net O
. O

" O
I O
've O
never O
tried O
it O
and O
why O
should O
I O
? O

There O
are O
lots O
of O
other O
things O
in O
this O
life O
I O
have O
n't O
tried O
either O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

A O
visit O
to O
the O
computer O
centre O
offering O
Internet B-MISC
services O
found O
a O
lone O
European B-MISC
official O
clicking O
away O
on O
his O
mouse O
. O

" O
Internet B-MISC
is O
a O
potential O
cash O
cow O
for O
copyright-based O
industries O
and O
we O
need O
roadmaps O
on O
the O
information O
superhighway O
, O
" O
said O
Marc B-PER
Pearl I-PER
, O
vice-president O
of O
the O
Information B-ORG
Technology I-ORG
Association I-ORG
of I-ORG
America I-ORG
, O
a O
trade O
association O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
network O
companies O
opposing O
the O
treaties O
. O

" O
But O
there O
are O
a O
lot O
of O
dinosaurs O
here O
. O

People O
here O
do O
n't O
understand O
Internet B-MISC
technology O
. O

Because O
they O
do O
n't O
understand O
technology O
, O
they O
fear O
the O
unknown O
. O
" O

Before O
the O
Internet B-MISC
, O
those O
whose O
business O
was O
to O
protect O
copyrights O
knew O
where O
they O
stood O
. O

Their O
enemies O
were O
tangible O
if O
elusive O
, O
such O
as O
the O
people O
who O
pirated O
music O
cassettes O
. O

But O
the O
Internet B-MISC
, O
a O
global O
computer O
network O
where O
anything O
from O
music O
to O
software O
can O
be O
duplicated O
and O
distributed O
at O
the O
click O
of O
a O
computer O
mouse O
, O
has O
ripped O
up O
the O
rulebooks O
. O

Network B-MISC
operators O
said O
the O
draft O
laws O
would O
hold O
them O
responsible O
for O
copyright O
infringements O
in O
the O
system O
and O
expose O
them O
to O
multi-billion-dollar O
liabilities O
. O

" O
There O
are O
500 O
million O
messages O
transmitted O
through O
the O
Internet B-MISC
everyday O
, O
" O
said O
Tim B-PER
Casey I-PER
of O
the O
U.S.-based B-MISC
MCI B-ORG
Communications I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG
. O
" O

How O
can O
we O
control O
them O
all O
? O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Italy B-LOC
evacuates O
17 O
nuns O
and O
priests O
from O
Zaire B-LOC
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Italy B-LOC
said O
on O
Friday O
it O
had O
evacuated O
17 O
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
nuns O
and O
priests O
from O
Zaire B-LOC
where O
they O
had O
been O
at O
risk O
from O
fighting O
between O
government O
troops O
and O
ethnic O
Tutsi B-MISC
rebels O
. O

The O
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
said O
the O
10 O
Europeans B-MISC
and O
seven O
Africans B-MISC
took O
a O
special O
flight O
from O
the O
Garamba B-LOC
national O
park O
in O
northern O
Zaire B-LOC
to O
the O
Ugandan B-MISC
capital O
Kampala B-LOC
where O
they O
were O
being O
looked O
after O
at O
the O
Italian B-MISC
embassy O
. O

The O
group O
had O
travelled O
from O
their O
mission O
on O
the O
edge O
of O
the O
park O
to O
a O
landing O
strip O
to O
make O
the O
rendezvous O
, O
a O
ministry O
official O
said O
. O

The O
ministry O
said O
the O
group O
consisted O
of O
13 O
nuns O
, O
seven O
Italians B-MISC
and O
six O
Zaireans B-MISC
, O
and O
four O
priests O
, O
two O
from O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
one O
from O
Spain B-LOC
and O
one O
from O
Zambia B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Third O
Paris B-LOC
blast O
victim O
was O
Moroccan B-MISC
student O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Moroccan B-MISC
Mohamed B-PER
Benchaou I-PER
, O
the O
third O
person O
to O
die O
after O
a O
bombing O
on O
a O
Paris B-LOC
train O
, O
was O
a O
25-year-old O
student O
about O
to O
submit O
a O
mathematics O
doctorate O
, O
the O
Moroccan B-MISC
embassy O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Benchaou B-PER
died O
of O
his O
injuries O
on O
Thursday O
night O
, O
two O
days O
after O
the O
blast O
. O

A O
newly-married O
Canadian B-MISC
woman O
and O
a O
man O
from O
New B-LOC
Caledonia I-LOC
died O
instantly O
in O
the O
bomb O
that O
injured O
90 O
others O
in O
the O
rush-hour O
train O
. O

An O
embassy O
spokesman O
said O
Benchaou B-PER
, O
the O
son O
of O
a O
Moroccan B-MISC
army O
colonel O
, O
had O
been O
due O
to O
take O
his O
doctorate O
in O
March O
and O
hoped O
to O
become O
a O
teacher O
. O

Investigators O
have O
said O
the O
explosion O
bore O
the O
hallmarks O
of O
Algerian B-MISC
Moslem B-MISC
fundamentalists O
who O
staged O
a O
series O
of O
bombings O
last O
year O
which O
killed O
eight O
people O
and O
injured O
more O
than O
160 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Italian B-MISC
President O
urges O
separatists O
to O
turn O
back O
. O

MANTUA O
, O
Italy B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Italian B-MISC
President O
Oscar B-PER
Luigi I-PER
Scalfaro I-PER
visited O
the O
symbolic O
heartland O
of O
the O
separatist O
Northern B-ORG
League I-ORG
on O
Friday O
and O
appealed O
to O
its O
supporters O
to O
drop O
their O
campaign O
for O
a O
breakaway O
state O
. O

Addressing O
a O
convention O
on O
Italian B-MISC
unity O
in O
Mantua O
, O
where O
the O
party O
has O
set O
up O
its O
own O
" O
parliament O
of O
the O
north O
" O
, O
Scalfaro B-PER
made O
a O
direct O
appeal O
to O
what O
he O
called O
" O
my O
friends O
from O
the O
League B-ORG
" O
to O
work O
instead O
for O
federal O
reform O
. O

" O
It O
is O
an O
invitation O
, O
a O
commitment O
, O
a O
promise O
. O

Let B-LOC
's O
march O
together O
, O
" O
Scalfaro B-PER
, O
a O
northerner O
himself O
, O
said O
. O

" O
Help O
Italy B-LOC
to O
teach O
, O
to O
propose O
a O
capacity O
for O
strong O
local O
autonomy O
, O
for O
the O
federalism O
which O
can O
give O
new O
vigour O
to O
our O
blood O
. O

But O
turn O
back O
from O
the O
line O
you O
are O
taking O
now O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Scalfaro B-PER
was O
in O
Mantua B-LOC
to O
attend O
a O
ceremony O
commemorating O
the O
executions O
there O
by O
Austrian B-MISC
rulers O
in O
1852 O
and O
1853 O
of O
a O
group O
of O
Italians B-MISC
who O
had O
campaigned O
for O
national O
unity O
. O

He O
was O
jeered O
and O
whistled O
at O
by O
a O
small O
group O
of O
League B-LOC
supporters O
when O
he O
arrived O
for O
a O
visit O
marked O
by O
heavy O
security O
. O

Witnesses O
said O
the O
protesters O
were O
outnumbered O
by O
other O
Italians B-MISC
who O
waved O
tricolour O
flags O
in O
the O
national O
red O
, O
white O
and O
green O
or O
shouted O
" O
Viva O
Italia B-LOC
" O
. O

The O
League B-ORG
won O
more O
than O
eight O
percent O
of O
votes O
at O
the O
last O
general O
election O
in O
April O
on O
a O
federalist O
platform O
but O
its O
leader O
Umberto B-PER
Bossi I-PER
later O
switched O
to O
a O
separatist O
agenda O
. O

A O
three-day O
" O
independence O
" O
march O
along O
the O
Po B-LOC
River O
in O
September O
, O
culminating O
in O
a O
declaration O
in O
Venice B-LOC
of O
a O
self-styled O
" O
Republic B-LOC
of I-LOC
Padania I-LOC
" O
, O
flopped O
badly O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Denmark B-LOC
's O
Radiometer O
H1 O
result O
seen O
flat O
. O

COPENHAGEN B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
Reuter B-ORG
consensus O
survey O
sees O
medical O
equipment O
group O
Radiometer B-ORG
reporting O
largely O
unchanged O
earnings O
when O
it O
publishes O
first O
half O
19996/97 O
results O
next O
Wednesday B-ORG
. O

An O
average O
of O
four O
analysts O
' O
forecasts O
predicted O
pre-tax O
profit O
of O
147.3 O
million O
crowns O
compared O
to O
144.5 O
million O
in O
the O
first O
six O
months O
of O
1995/96 O
. O

They O
said O
that O
the O
group O
's O
failure O
to O
introduce O
new O
products O
was O
behind O
the O
share O
's O
weak O
performance O
in O
1996 O
, O
during O
which O
it O
has O
lost O
seven O
percent O
so O
far O
. O

-- O
Soeren B-PER
Linding I-PER
Jakobsen I-PER
, O
Copenhagen B-LOC
newsroom O
+45 O
33969650 O

-DOCSTART- O

Moslem B-MISC
fundamentalists O
kill O
19 O
Algerians B-MISC
- O
agency O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Moslem B-MISC
fundamentalists O
killed O
19 O
civilians O
overnight O
in O
Blida B-LOC
province O
south O
of O
Algiers B-LOC
, O
Algerian B-MISC
security O
forces O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

In O
a O
statement O
carried O
on O
the O
official O
Algerian B-MISC
news O
agency O
APS B-ORG
, O
the O
security O
forces O
said O
the O
19 O
had O
been O
killed O
by O
" O
a O
group O
of O
terrorists O
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Belgian B-MISC
police O
smash O
major O
drugs O
rings O
, O
30 O
arrested O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Police O
smashed O
two O
drugs O
smuggling O
rings O
and O
arrested O
30 O
people O
after O
a O
taxidriver O
in O
Spain B-LOC
alerted O
them O
to O
a O
suitcase O
of O
heroin O
left O
in O
his O
cab O
, O
Belgian B-MISC
police O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Police O
seized O
dozens O
of O
kilos O
of O
heroin O
with O
a O
street O
value O
of O
hundreds O
of O
millions O
of O
Belgian B-MISC
francs O
, O
a O
public O
prosecutor O
's O
office O
spokesman O
in O
the O
port O
city O
of O
Antwerp B-ORG
said O
. O

He O
said O
a O
24-year-old O
Belgian B-MISC
woman O
left O
a O
suitcase O
containing O
13 O
kg O
( O
29 O
lb O
) O
of O
heroin O
in O
a O
taxi O
in O
Barcelona B-LOC
. O

The O
taxidriver O
alerted O
police O
who O
arrested O
a O
33-year-old O
Turkish B-MISC
man O
when O
he O
came O
to O
pick O
up O
the O
suitcase O
at O
a O
lost O
luggage O
office O
. O

The O
woman O
was O
later O
arrested O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
. O

She O
and O
the O
Turkish B-MISC
man O
smuggled O
heroin O
from O
Turkey B-LOC
to O
Antwerp B-ORG
from O
where O
it O
was O
taken O
to O
Spain B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
and O
Germany B-LOC
by O
others O
, O
the O
spokesman O
said O
. O

He O
said O
14 O
people O
were O
arrested O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
and O
16 O
others O
in O
other O
European B-MISC
nations O
after O
an O
investigation O
lasting O
nearly O
a O
year O
. O

( O
$ O
1=32.14 O
Belgian B-MISC
Franc O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Port O
conditions O
update O
- O
Lloyds B-ORG
Shipping I-ORG
. O

GREECE B-LOC
, O
Dec O
5 O
- O
Greek B-MISC
port O
workers O
called O
off O
a O
strike O
which O
had O
kept O
the O
country O
's O
ports O
closed O
, O
giving O
the O
government O
until O
Feb O
1 O
to O
introduce O
a O
promised O
bonus O
scheme O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
Jan-August O
coffee O
imports O
detailed O
. O

HAMBURG B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

German B-MISC
net O
green O
coffee O
imports O
from O
outside O
the O
EU B-ORG
totalled O
7.73 O
million O
bags O
in O
January-August O
compared O
with O
7.66 O
million O
in O
the O
year-ago O
period O
, O
the O
DKV B-ORG
coffee O
association O
said O
. O

Imports O
of O
1.04 O
million O
bags O
in O
August O
were O
down O
from O
1.08 O
million O
in O
August O
1995 O
but O
up O
from O
992,860 O
bags O
in O
July O
1996 O
. O

Colombia B-LOC
shipped O
198,226 O
bags O
in O
August O
after O
164,185 O
in O
July O
, O
El B-LOC
Salvador I-LOC
160,553 O
( O
129,184 O
) O
, O
Indonesia B-LOC
72,218 O
( O
78,959 O
) O
, O
Ethiopia B-LOC
69,252 O
( O
60,456 O
) O
and O
Kenya B-LOC
63,969 O
( O
60,043 O
) O
. O

Brazil B-LOC
was O
in O
seventh O
position O
with O
54,333 O
bags O
( O
29,055 O
) O
. O

-- O
Hamburg B-LOC
newsroom O
+49-40-41903275 O

-DOCSTART- O

Munich B-ORG
Re I-ORG
says O
to O
split O
stock O
. O

MUNICH B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Muenchener B-MISC
Rueckversicherungs B-ORG
AG I-ORG
, O
the O
world O
's O
largest O
reinsurer O
, O
said O
on O
Friday O
it O
expected O
to O
switch O
its O
shares O
to O
a O
lower O
par O
value O
by O
September O
1997 O
at O
the O
earliest O
. O

The O
group O
, O
known O
as O
Munich B-ORG
Re I-ORG
, O
plans O
to O
seek O
approval O
for O
the O
move O
at O
its O
shareholders O
' O
meeting O
today O
. O

The O
company O
said O
the O
switch O
would O
probably O
become O
effective O
in O
September O
. O

The O
planned O
10-for-one O
stock O
split O
would O
reduce O
the O
par O
value O
of O
Munich B-ORG
Re I-ORG
's O
shares O
to O
five O
marks O
from O
50 O
, O
causing O
their O
price O
to O
drop O
to O
around O
one O
tenth O
of O
the O
present O
value O
. O

Munich B-ORG
Re I-ORG
's O
registered O
shares O
, O
part O
of O
the O
blue-chip O
DAX B-MISC
index O
, O
were O
trading O
at O
3,710 O
marks O
on O
Friday O
. O

-- O
Frankfurt B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+49 O
69 O
756525 O

-DOCSTART- O

EU B-ORG
experts O
postpone O
talks O
on O
rice O
area O
aid O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
rice O
experts O
on O
Thursday O
postponed O
discussion O
on O
area O
aid O
payments O
to O
rice O
producers O
because O
the O
documents O
were O
not O
available O
in O
all O
the O
EU B-ORG
languages O
, O
an O
EU B-ORG
offcial O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
The O
discussion O
in O
the O
experts O
group O
had O
to O
be O
postponed O
because O
the O
documents O
needed O
to O
be O
translated O
into O
the O
official O
languages O
and O
the O
item O
will O
be O
on O
next O
week O
's O
agenda O
, O
" O
the O
offcial O
said O
. O

European B-MISC
rice O
producers O
are O
due O
to O
get O
compensatory O
area O
aid O
payments O
similar O
to O
those O
paid O
to O
cereal O
producers O
because O
of O
cuts O
in O
intervention O
prices O
. O

-- O
Brussels B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
32 O
2 O
287 O
6800 O

-DOCSTART- O

Frankfurt B-LOC
dollar O
fix O
1.5338 O
marks O
. O

FRANKFURT B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
dollar O
was O
fixed O
at O
1.5338 O
marks O
in O
Frankfurt B-LOC
on O
Friday O
, O
after O
1.5607 O
marks O
on O
Thursday O
. O

There O
was O
no O
Bundesbank B-ORG
intervention O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

John B-ORG
Lewis I-ORG
UK I-ORG
store O
sales O
up O
4.5 O
% O
in O
week O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
John B-PER
Lewis I-PER
Partnership O
said O
its O
UK B-LOC
department O
store O
sales O
rose O
4.5 O
percent O
in O
the O
week O
to O
November O
30 O
compared O
with O
the O
same O
week O
a O
year O
earlier O
. O

In O
the O
18 O
weeks O
to O
November O
30 O
, O
sales O
were O
up O
13.6 O
percent O
year-on-year O
. O

Total O
sales O
, O
including O
the O
Waitrose B-ORG
supermarket O
chain O
, O
rose O
5.8 O
percent O
in O
the O
week O
and O
were O
up O
11.4 O
percent O
in O
the O
18-week O
period O
. O

-- O
Rosemary B-PER
Bennett I-PER
, O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
44 O
171 O
542 O
2774 O

-DOCSTART- O

Timah B-ORG
at O
15.625 O
in O
London B-LOC
at O
0931 O
GMT B-MISC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

PT B-ORG
Tambang I-ORG
Timah I-ORG
was O
traded O
at O
$ O
15.625 O
per O
GDR O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
Friday O
at O
around O
0931 O
GMT B-MISC
. O

It O
recorded O
a O
low O
of O
$ O
15.625 O
and O
a O
high O
of O
$ O
15.725 O
. O

Its O
previous O
close O
on O
Thursday O
was O
$ O
15.80 O
. O

One O
Global O
Depository O
Receipt O
represents O
10 O
common O
shares O
. O

-- O
Jakarta B-LOC
newsroom O
+6221 O
384-6364 O

-DOCSTART- O

British B-MISC
" O
Euro-sceptic B-MISC
" O
says O
Clarke B-PER
should O
resign O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
" O
Euro-sceptic B-MISC
" O
member O
of O
the O
ruling O
Conservative B-MISC
party O
said O
on O
Thursday O
British B-MISC
finance O
minister O
Kenneth B-PER
Clarke I-PER
had O
to O
resign O
to O
prevent O
the O
party O
disintegrating O
over O
the O
issue O
of O
a O
single O
European B-MISC
currency O
. O

Member O
of O
Parliament O
Tony B-PER
Marlow I-PER
said O
the O
resignation O
of O
the O
chancellor O
of O
the O
exchequer O
was O
the O
only O
way O
to O
make O
the O
Conservatives O
electable O
in O
a O
general O
election O
which O
must O
take O
place O
by O
May O
next O
year O
. O

" O
We O
have O
a O
divided O
and O
split O
Cabinet B-ORG
. O

This O
cannot O
endure O
, O
" O
Marlow B-PER
told O
BBC B-ORG
television O
's O
Newsnight B-MISC
programme O
on O
Thursday O
. O
" O

It O
is O
not O
sustainable O
. O

Kenneth B-PER
Clarke I-PER
has O
to O
go O
. O

If O
he O
does O
n't O
resign O
, O
the O
prime O
minister O
has O
got O
to O
fire O
him O
. O
" O

Marlow B-PER
's O
comment O
come O
on O
the O
heels O
of O
speculation O
that O
Clarke B-PER
had O
threatened O
to O
resign O
if O
the O
government O
changed O
its O
" O
wait O
and O
see O
" O
policy O
on O
a O
single O
currency O
and O
declared O
it O
would O
not O
sign O
up O
for O
the O
currency O
in O
the O
next O
Parliament O
. O

Clarke B-PER
denied O
on O
Thursday O
he O
had O
threatened O
to O
resign O
and O
said O
his O
position O
on O
the O
single O
currency O
was O
in O
tune O
with O
that O
of O
Prime O
Minister O
John B-PER
Major I-PER
. O

Major B-PER
told O
parliament O
on O
Thursday O
he O
would O
keep O
his O
options O
open O
on O
single-currency O
membership O
. O

His O
statement O
was O
interpreted O
as O
a O
significant O
victory O
for O
Clarke B-PER
and O
fellow O
pro-European B-MISC
Michael B-PER
Heseltine I-PER
, O
deputy O
prime O
minister O
. O

Pro-European B-MISC
Conservative B-MISC
MP O
Edwina B-PER
Currie I-PER
told O
the O
BBC B-ORG
that O
if O
Clarke B-PER
resigned O
, O
other O
ministers O
would O
go O
with O
him O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Court O
ejects O
head O
of O
Australian B-MISC
child-sex O
inquiry O
. O

CANBERRA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
Australian B-MISC
opposition O
on O
Friday O
demanded O
a O
high-powered O
investigation O
into O
paedophilia O
in O
the O
Australian B-MISC
diplomatic O
service O
after O
the O
federal O
court O
forced O
the O
head O
of O
the O
existing O
inquiry O
to O
stand O
aside O
. O

The O
court O
said O
inquiry O
head O
Chris B-PER
Hunt I-PER
might O
be O
biased O
, O
since O
he O
privately O
told O
a O
newspaper O
he O
had O
turned O
up O
no O
major O
evidence O
of O
paedophile O
activity O
, O
even O
though O
he O
still O
had O
months O
' O
of O
investigation O
before O
him O
. O

" O
Today O
we O
are O
left O
with O
a O
ruinous O
wreck O
beyond O
salvage O
and O
a O
continuing O
pall O
of O
doubt O
and O
suspicion O
hanging O
over O
our O
diplomatic O
service O
, O
" O
opposition O
foreign O
affairs O
spokesman O
Laurie B-PER
Brereton I-PER
said O
. O

But O
the O
government O
responded O
by O
pressing O
ahead O
with O
the O
original O
inquiry O
, O
established O
in O
May O
, O
appointing O
a O
new O
head O
to O
lead O
it O
. O

Critics O
say O
that O
if O
there O
were O
many O
paedophiles O
in O
senior O
posts O
in O
the O
Foreign B-ORG
Affairs I-ORG
Department I-ORG
then O
a O
secret O
inquiry O
would O
be O
open O
to O
internal O
influence O
and O
would O
become O
a O
public O
service O
whitewash O
. O

Accordingly O
, O
they O
demand O
an O
open O
investigation O
. O

A O
spokesman O
for O
Foreign B-ORG
Affairs I-ORG
Minister O
Alexander B-PER
Downer I-PER
said O
the O
appointment O
of O
a O
new O
inquiry O
head O
, O
administrative O
law O
expert O
Pamela B-PER
O'Neil I-PER
, O
showed O
the O
government O
's O
commitment O
to O
pursue O
the O
matter O
. O

A O
report O
is O
due O
in O
May O
next O
year O
. O

One O
Australian B-MISC
diplomat O
has O
been O
prosecuted O
this O
year O
for O
having O
sex O
with O
a O
Cambodian B-MISC
boy O
under O
16 O
but O
was O
acquitted O
. O

Police O
have O
investigated O
others O
. O

A O
newspaper O
reported O
allegations O
in O
April O
that O
diplomats O
had O
directed O
Australian B-MISC
government O
aid O
to O
certain O
foreign O
orphanages O
to O
secure O
sex O
with O
children O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Australian B-MISC
hitman O
killed O
wrong O
victim O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

An O
Australian B-MISC
hitman O
who O
went O
to O
the O
wrong O
house O
and O
killed O
the O
wrong O
man O
was O
sentenced O
to O
20 O
years O
jail O
on O
Friday O
. O

Paul B-PER
Crofts I-PER
, O
33 O
, O
and O
an O
accomplice O
were O
contracted O
to O
shoot O
a O
man O
, O
identified O
only O
as O
Tony B-PER
, O
in O
the O
leg O
to O
punish O
him O
for O
his O
misconduct O
with O
a O
female O
friend O
of O
the O
contractor O
, O
the O
New B-ORG
South I-ORG
Wales I-ORG
Supreme I-ORG
Court I-ORG
was O
told O
. O

But O
in O
February O
1993 O
Leszic B-PER
Betcher I-PER
, O
was O
shot O
and O
killed O
after O
answering O
a O
knock O
at O
the O
door O
of O
his O
Sydney B-LOC
home O
. O
" O

The O
inference O
from O
all O
the O
material O
is O
that O
the O
marauders O
had O
come O
to O
the O
wrong O
house O
, O
" O
Judge O
Michael B-PER
Grove I-PER
said O
. O

In O
sentencing O
Crofts B-PER
, O
who O
pleaded O
guilty O
, O
Grove B-PER
took O
into O
account O
his O
" O
mildly O
retarded O
" O
intellectual O
state O
, O
which O
placed O
him O
in O
the O
lowest O
two O
percent O
of O
the O
population O
. O

Grove B-PER
said O
Betcher B-PER
was O
" O
not O
only O
the O
victim O
of O
a O
horrendous O
crime O
, O
but O
his O
death O
was O
brought O
about O
in O
circumstances O
of O
an O
equally O
ghastly O
error O
on O
the O
part O
of O
the O
prisoner O
and O
his O
accomplices O
" O
. O

The O
unnamed O
accomplice O
was O
earlier O
sentenced O
to O
20 O
years O
in O
prison O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

NZ B-LOC
's O
Bolger B-PER
says O
Nats B-PER
to O
meet O
NZ B-LOC
First O
on O
Sunday O
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
Prime O
Minister O
Jim B-PER
Bolger I-PER
, O
emerging O
from O
coalition O
talks O
with O
the O
nationalist O
New B-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
First I-ORG
party O
on O
Friday O
afternoon O
, O
said O
National B-ORG
and O
NZ B-ORG
First I-ORG
would O
meet O
again O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Bolger B-PER
said O
he O
expected O
a O
government O
to O
be O
formed O
by O
Thursday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

NZ B-LOC
's O
Peters B-PER
says O
Nat B-PER
, O
Lab B-PER
talks O
at O
similar O
stage O
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

New B-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
First I-ORG
leader O
Winston B-PER
Peters I-PER
on O
Friday O
said O
coalition O
talks O
with O
the O
National B-ORG
and O
Labour B-ORG
parties O
were O
at O
a O
similar O
level O
of O
completion O
. O

Peters B-PER
left O
a O
meeting O
between O
NZ B-ORG
First I-ORG
and O
National B-ORG
negotiators O
to O
spend O
20 O
minutes O
speaking O
to O
Labour B-ORG
leader O
Helen B-PER
Clark I-PER
. O

He O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
he O
had O
needed O
to O
speak O
to O
her O
before O
she O
left O
Wellington B-LOC
later O
on O
Friday O
. O

Peters B-PER
said O
the O
talks O
with O
Labour B-ORG
and O
National B-ORG
had O
reached O
" O
about O
the O
same O
level O
of O
completion O
, O
and O
that O
's O
good O
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Australian B-MISC
MP O
John B-PER
Langmore I-PER
formally O
resigns O
. O

CANBERRA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Australian B-MISC
parliamentarian O
John B-PER
Langmore I-PER
has O
formally O
resigned O
from O
his O
lower O
house O
seat O
, O
the O
office O
of O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Representatives I-ORG
speaker O
Bob B-PER
Halverson I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
Halverson B-PER
announced O
that O
he O
had O
received O
today O
from O
Mr O
John B-PER
Vance I-PER
Langmore I-PER
, O
a O
letter O
resigning O
his O
place O
as O
member O
of O
the O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Representatives I-ORG
for O
the O
electoral O
division O
of O
Fraser B-PER
in O
the O
Australian B-MISC
Capital I-MISC
Territory I-MISC
, O
" O
his O
office O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

Halverson B-PER
was O
considering O
possible O
dates O
for O
the O
by-election O
, O
his O
office O
said O
. O

Langmore B-PER
, O
57 O
, O
announced O
in O
November O
that O
he O
intended O
to O
resign O
from O
parliament O
to O
take O
up O
a O
position O
as O
Australia B-LOC
's O
senior O
representative O
at O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
headquarters O
in O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
. O

He O
played O
an O
active O
role O
at O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
social O
development O
conference O
in O
Copenhagen B-LOC
last O
year O
and O
has O
co-authored O
articles O
with O
U.N. B-ORG
development O
programme O
officer O
Inge B-PER
Kaul I-PER
. O

Langmore B-PER
, O
a O
persistent O
campaigner O
for O
interventionist O
economic O
policy O
, O
has O
been O
Labor O
member O
for O
Fraser B-PER
since O
1984 O
. O

He O
was O
senior O
private O
secretary O
to O
the O
employment O
and O
industrial O
relations O
minister O
from O
1983 O
to O
1984 O
and O
was O
economic O
advisor O
to O
then O
treasurer O
Paul B-PER
Keating I-PER
in O
1983 O
. O

His O
previous O
posts O
include O
assistant O
director O
of O
the O
national O
planning O
office O
of O
Papua B-LOC
New I-LOC
Guinea I-LOC
from O
1969 O
to O
1973 O
. O

-- O
Canberra B-LOC
Bureau O
61-6 O
273-2730 O

-DOCSTART- O

Burmese B-MISC
students O
march O
out O
of O
campus O
again O
. O

RANGOON B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
group O
of O
Burmese B-MISC
students O
on O
Friday O
marched O
out O
of O
the O
Yangon B-ORG
Institute I-ORG
of I-ORG
Technology I-ORG
( O
YIT B-ORG
) O
in O
the O
northern O
outskirts O
of O
Rangoon B-LOC
and O
moved O
toward O
the O
University B-ORG
of I-ORG
Yangon I-ORG
about O
six O
km O
( O
four O
miles O
) O
away O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

The O
witnesses O
could O
not O
give O
exact O
numbers O
of O
those O
taking O
part O
in O
the O
march O
or O
any O
other O
details O
immediately O
. O

On O
Monday O
and O
Tuesday O
, O
students O
from O
the O
YIT B-ORG
and O
the O
university O
launched O
street O
protests O
against O
what O
they O
called O
unfair O
handling O
by O
police O
of O
a O
brawl O
between O
some O
of O
their O
colleagues O
and O
restaurant O
owners O
in O
October O
. O

The O
protests O
culminated O
at O
dawn O
on O
Tuesday O
with O
several O
hundred O
of O
the O
student O
protesters O
being O
detained O
briefly O
by O
police O
near O
the O
central O
Shwe B-LOC
Dagon I-LOC
pagoda O
in O
Rangoon B-LOC
. O

They O
were O
later O
released O
. O

On O
Friday O
, O
some O
students O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
that O
they O
were O
still O
dissatisfied O
with O
the O
ruling O
State B-ORG
Law I-ORG
and I-ORG
Order I-ORG
Restoration I-ORG
Council I-ORG
's O
( O
SLORC B-ORG
) O
handling O
of O
their O
demands O
. O

They O
said O
they O
wanted O
to O
organise O
independent O
unions O
on O
university O
campuses O
and O
demanded O
that O
details O
of O
the O
punishment O
of O
policemen O
who O
allegedly O
manhandled O
some O
students O
at O
the O
October O
brawl O
be O
published O
in O
newspapers O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Thai B-MISC
rice O
vessels O
loading O
and O
movements O
at O
Dec O
06 O
. O

BANGKOK B-LOC
1996-11-29 O

The O
Thai B-MISC
Commerce B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
detailed O
rice O
loading O
at O
Thai B-MISC
ports O
as O
follows O
( O
in O
tonnes O
) O
: O

Vessel O
Date O
of O
Arrival O
Quantity O
Destination O

Iran B-MISC
Sabr I-MISC
19/11/96 O
9,000 O
Iran B-LOC

Princess B-MISC
of I-MISC
Loine I-MISC
19/11/96 O
10,000 O
Philippines B-LOC

Deligst B-MISC
20/11/96 O
5,500 O
Indonesia B-LOC

Seagramd B-MISC
ace O
20/11/96 O
5,000 O
Japan B-LOC

Lucky B-MISC
Emdldm I-MISC
20/11/96 O
5,000 O
Japan B-LOC

Algoa B-MISC
Day I-MISC
21/11/96 O
6,000 O
Africa B-LOC

Sangthai B-MISC
Glory I-MISC
22/11/96 O
3,000 O
Singapore B-LOC

Myos B-MISC
Yang I-MISC
5 O
22/11/96 O
4,000 O
Indonesia B-LOC

Budisuryana B-MISC
22/11/96 O
3,800 O
Malaysia B-LOC

King B-MISC
Ace I-MISC
22/11/96 O
5,000 O
Japan B-LOC

Tong B-MISC
Shun I-MISC
25/11/96 O
3,000 O
Vietnam B-LOC

But B-MISC
2 O
27/11/96 O
5,000 O
Burma B-LOC

-- O
Bangkok B-MISC
newsroom O
( O
662 O
) O
652-0642 O

-DOCSTART- O

Chinese B-MISC
girl O
nearly O
dies O
from O
cigarette O
smoke O
. O

SHANGHAI B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

A O
five-year-old O
girl O
in O
the O
east O
China B-LOC
city O
of O
Tianjin B-LOC
choked O
and O
almost O
died O
from O
cigarette O
smoke O
at O
her O
grandfather O
's O
birthday O
with O
relatives O
smoking O
for O
hours O
in O
a O
small O
room O
, O
the O
Wen B-ORG
Hui I-ORG
Bao I-ORG
newspaper O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
newspaper O
said O
the O
girl O
was O
rushed O
to O
hospital O
and O
found O
to O
be O
having O
extreme O
difficulty O
breathing O
. O

It O
said O
eight O
of O
the O
people O
at O
the O
party O
, O
including O
the O
girl O
's O
father O
, O
immediately O
announced O
they O
would O
give O
up O
smoking O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
won O
closes O
down O
on O
import O
settlements O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

The O
won O
slid O
against O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
unit O
on O
Friday O
as O
players O
prepared O
for O
Monday O
's O
import O
settlement O
needs O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

The O
won O
ended O
at O
831.00 O
, O
slightly O
down O
from O
an O
opening O
of O
830.60 O
. O

It O
ranged O
between O
830.20 O
and O
831.40 O
. O

" O
A O
sale O
of O
about O
$ O
60 O
million O
by O
Hyundai B-ORG
Heavy I-ORG
pushed O
the O
dollar O
down O
earlier O
in O
the O
day O
, O
but O
Monday O
's O
import O
needs O
helped O
it O
recover O
, O
" O
said O
a O
Koram B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
dealer O
. O

Dealers O
said O
the O
dollar O
/ O
yen O
's O
movement O
on O
the O
world O
market O
would O
continue O
to O
set O
the O
trend O
for O
the O
dollar O
/ O
won O
next O
week O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Foreign O
planes O
to O
land O
in O
China B-LOC
's O
popular O
Guilin B-LOC
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

China B-LOC
's O
tourist O
spot O
of O
Guilin B-LOC
in O
the O
southern O
region O
of O
Guangxi B-LOC
will O
open O
its O
airport O
to O
foreign O
aircraft O
, O
the O
Xinhua B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

An O
assessment O
group O
made O
up O
of O
the O
State B-ORG
Council I-ORG
's O
Port O
Office O
, O
the O
Civil B-ORG
Aviation I-ORG
Administration I-ORG
of I-ORG
China I-ORG
, O
the O
General B-ORG
Administration I-ORG
of I-ORG
Customs I-ORG
and O
other O
authorities O
had O
granted O
the O
airport O
permission O
to O
handle O
foreign O
aircraft O
, O
Xinhua B-ORG
said O
. O

" O
The O
move O
is O
expected O
to O
give O
a O
shot O
in O
the O
arm O
to O
the O
economic O
expansion O
of O
Guangxi B-LOC
and O
southwest O
China B-LOC
as O
a O
whole O
, O
" O
the O
agency O
said O
but O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

Guilin B-LOC
is O
well O
known O
for O
its O
mountain O
and O
river O
scenery O
and O
is O
one O
of O
China B-LOC
's O
most O
popular O
tourist O
destinations O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

EPA B-ORG
says O
economic O
assessment O
unchanged O
by O
GDP O
data O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Japan B-LOC
's O
Economic B-ORG
Planning I-ORG
Agency I-ORG
has O
not O
changed O
its O
view O
that O
the O
economy O
is O
gradually O
recovering O
, O
despite O
relatively O
weak O
gross O
domestic O
product O
figures O
released O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
EPA B-ORG
Vice O
Minister O
Shimpei B-PER
Nukaya I-PER
told O
reporters O
on O
Friday O
. O

He O
said O
the O
GDP O
growth O
was O
weak O
but O
that O
this O
reflected O
the O
economy O
between O
July O
and O
September O
and O
did O
not O
take O
into O
account O
more O
recent O
data O
. O

When O
asked O
about O
the O
outlook O
for O
the O
fiscal O
year O
beginning O
in O
April O
, O
Nukaya B-PER
said O
the O
economy O
may O
slow O
down O
in O
the O
early O
part O
of O
the O
fiscal O
year O
due O
to O
a O
planned O
consumption O
tax O
hike O
, O
but O
that O
would O
be O
only O
temporary O
. O

The O
consumption O
tax O
will O
be O
raised O
to O
five O
percent O
from O
three O
percent O
from O
April O
1 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Sangetsu B-ORG
- O
96/97 O
parent O
forecast O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Year O
to O
March O
31 O
, O
1997 O

( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

LATEST O
ACTUAL O

( O
Parent O
) O
FORECAST O
YEAR-AGO O

Sales O
128.00 O
117.56 O

Current O
12.00 O
9.94 O

Net O
6.20 O
5.36 O

EPS O
143.56 O
yen O
127.64 O
yen O

Ord O
div O
30.00 O
yen O
30.00 O
yen O

NOTE O
- O
Sangetsu B-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
is O
a O
trader O
specialising O
in O
interiors O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bre-X B-ORG
, O
Barrick B-ORG
said O
to O
continue O
Busang B-LOC
talks O
. O

K.T. B-LOC
Arasu I-LOC

JAKARTA B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Canada B-LOC
's O
Bre-X B-ORG
Minerals I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
and O
Barrick B-ORG
Gold I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
are O
to O
continue O
negotiations O
to O
hammer O
out O
a O
partnership O
agreement O
to O
develop O
the O
spectacular O
Busang B-LOC
gold O
find O
in O
Indonesia B-LOC
, O
sources O
close O
to O
the O
talks O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
The O
negotiations O
will O
be O
held O
both O
in O
Toronto B-LOC
and O
in O
Jakarta B-LOC
, O
" O
one O
source O
, O
speaking O
on O
condition O
of O
anonymity O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Another O
source O
said O
most O
of O
the O
key O
negotiators O
from O
both O
Bre-X B-ORG
and O
Barrick B-ORG
had O
returned O
to O
Toronto B-LOC
, O
but O
declined O
to O
say O
if O
there O
had O
been O
any O
progress O
in O
their O
negotiations O
. O

Both O
sources O
said O
Bre-X B-ORG
and O
Barrick B-ORG
did O
not O
hold O
talks O
on O
Thursday O
with O
Mines B-ORG
and I-ORG
Energy I-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
Secretary-General O
Umar B-PER
Said I-PER
, O
who O
is O
coordinating O
the O
negotiations O
over O
the O
Busang B-LOC
find O
in O
East B-LOC
Kalimantan I-LOC
. O

The O
first O
source O
also O
said O
Bre-X B-ORG
had O
until O
December O
21 O
to O
submit O
to O
the O
Indonesian B-ORG
Mines I-ORG
and I-ORG
Energy I-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
a O
feasibility O
study O
on O
the O
central O
region O
of O
the O
Busang B-LOC
property O
, O
estimated O
to O
contain O
2.6 O
million O
ounces O
of O
gold O
. O

The O
richest O
parts O
of O
the O
property O
to O
the O
north O
and O
south O
of O
the O
central O
region O
have O
been O
estimated O
by O
Bre-X B-ORG
to O
contain O
57 O
million O
ounces O
of O
gold O
. O

" O
Bre-X B-ORG
is O
expected O
to O
complete O
the O
feasibility O
report O
by O
December O
16 O
and O
submit O
it O
to O
the O
government O
before O
the O
December O
21 O
deadline O
, O
" O
the O
source O
said O
. O

He O
said O
Bre-X B-ORG
would O
then O
formally O
seek O
the O
permission O
of O
the O
Indonesian B-MISC
government O
to O
begin O
construction O
to O
develop O
Busang B-LOC
's O
central O
region O
, O
which O
might O
take O
up O
to O
two O
years O
. O

The O
source O
declined O
to O
say O
if O
there O
had O
been O
any O
progress O
in O
the O
talks O
between O
Bre-X B-ORG
and O
Barrick B-ORG
. O

" O
This O
is O
a O
huge O
project O
... O

we O
are O
not O
selling O
furniture O
, O
and O
Bre-X B-ORG
has O
13,000 O
shareholders O
to O
answer O
to O
, O
" O
the O
source O
said O
. O

" O
While O
there O
has O
been O
some O
agreement O
in O
principle O
on O
some O
issues O
, O
there O
are O
still O
others O
such O
as O
procedures O
and O
mechanisms O
that O
needed O
to O
be O
sorted O
out O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

The O
source O
said O
no O
new O
deadline O
had O
been O
set O
by O
the O
Mines B-ORG
and I-ORG
Energy I-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
for O
Bre-X B-ORG
and O
Barrick B-ORG
to O
strike O
a O
deal O
. O

The O
Ministry O
had O
given O
the O
companies O
until O
December O
4 O
to O
complete O
a O
partnership O
deal O
, O
and O
advised O
Bre-X B-ORG
to O
take O
a O
25 O
percent O
stake O
and O
Barrick B-ORG
75 O
percent O
to O
develop O
the O
property O
. O

" O
As O
far O
as O
I O
am O
aware O
, O
there O
's O
been O
no O
new O
deadline O
, O
" O
the O
source O
said O
. O

The O
Ministry O
's O
Umar B-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
both O
Bre-X B-ORG
and O
Barrick B-ORG
had O
responded O
positively O
to O
a O
government O
letter O
recommending O
a O
25-75 O
split O
in O
the O
Busang B-ORG
gold O
property O
. O

The O
government O
also O
wants O
10 O
percent O
of O
the O
property O
. O

Umar B-PER
said O
the O
government O
had O
yet O
to O
receive O
a O
formal O
reply O
from O
the O
companies O
. O

He O
had O
said O
earlier O
that O
if O
the O
two O
companies O
failed O
to O
reach O
a O
partnership O
agreement O
, O
the O
government O
would O
explore O
other O
ways O
to O
expedite O
development O
of O
the O
Busang B-ORG
find O
. O

Bre-X B-ORG
has O
a O
partnership O
deal O
with O
PT B-PER
Panutan I-PER
Duta I-PER
of O
the O
Panutan B-ORG
Group I-ORG
run O
by O
President O
Suharto B-PER
's O
eldest O
son O
, O
Sigit B-PER
Harjojudanto I-PER
, O
under O
which O
Panutan B-PER
would O
receive O
$ O
40 O
million O
over O
40 O
months O
plus O
a O
10 O
percent O
stake O
Busang B-ORG
's O
richest O
parts O
. O

Barrick B-ORG
has O
teamed O
up O
with O
a O
construction O
company O
in O
the O
Citra B-ORG
Group I-ORG
of O
Suharto B-PER
's O
eldest O
daughter O
, O
Siti B-PER
Hardianti I-PER
Rukmana I-PER
, O
in O
what O
Barrick B-ORG
had O
said O
was O
a O
partnership O
" O
to O
prepare O
us O
for O
a O
potential O
mining O
development O
project O
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Honda B-MISC
RV I-MISC
exceeds O
sales O
target O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Honda B-ORG
Motor I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
it O
had O
received O
15,000 O
domestic O
orders O
for O
its O
S-MX B-MISC
recreational O
vehicle O
in O
the O
first O
two O
weeks O
after O
its O
launch O
. O

Honda B-ORG
launched O
the O
S-MX B-MISC
light O
minivan O
, O
featuring O
cubic O
body O
styling O
, O
on O
November O
22 O
with O
a O
monthly O
sales O
target O
of O
5,000 O
units O
. O

A O
version O
with O
lower O
road O
clearance O
and O
front O
and O
rear O
spoilers O
accounted O
for O
two-thirds O
of O
the O
sales O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FEATURE O
- O
Singapore B-LOC
sees O
prestige O
in O
hosting O
WTO B-ORG
. O

Ramthan B-PER
Hussain I-PER

SINGAPORE B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Singapore B-LOC
's O
winning O
campaign O
to O
host O
the O
World B-ORG
Trade I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
( O
WTO B-ORG
) O
's O
first O
ministerial O
meeting O
reflected O
its O
ambition O
to O
play O
a O
key O
role O
in O
shaping O
global O
free O
trade O
, O
the O
lifeblood O
of O
its O
economy O
, O
analysts O
said O
. O

" O
As O
one O
of O
the O
world O
's O
most O
externally O
oriented O
economies O
, O
Singapore B-LOC
has O
a O
disproportionately O
large O
stake O
in O
the O
WTO B-ORG
, O
" O
said O
Desmond B-PER
Supple I-PER
, O
economist O
at O
research O
house O
I.D.E.A B-ORG
. O

" O
Singapore B-LOC
stands O
to O
benefit O
more O
than O
most O
from O
continued O
global O
trade O
liberalisation O
as O
trade O
is O
the O
engine O
of O
its O
growth O
, O
accounting O
for O
nearly O
three O
times O
its O
gross O
domestic O
product O
. O
" O

The O
city-state O
met O
U.S. B-LOC
opposition O
two O
years O
ago O
in O
its O
bid O
to O
host O
the O
meeting O
, O
expected O
to O
gather O
4,000 O
officials O
from O
160 O
countries O
from O
December O
9 O
to O
13 O
. O

In O
a O
stand O
some O
analysts O
linked O
to O
controversy O
over O
Singapore B-LOC
's O
caning O
of O
an O
American B-MISC
teenager O
for O
vandalism O
, O
then-U.S. B-MISC
Trade O
Representative O
Mickey B-PER
Kantor I-PER
had O
said O
the O
meeting O
ought O
to O
be O
held O
where O
the O
WTO B-ORG
was O
going O
to O
be O
headquartered O
. O

That O
would O
have O
meant O
Geneva B-LOC
. O

But O
Singapore B-LOC
had O
the O
support O
of O
other O
WTO B-ORG
members O
. O

Derek B-PER
da I-PER
Cunha I-PER
, O
senior O
fellow O
at O
the O
Institute B-ORG
of I-ORG
Policy I-ORG
Studies I-ORG
( O
ISEAS B-ORG
) O
, O
said O
Singapore B-LOC
's O
hosting O
of O
the O
conference O
" O
carries O
a O
great O
deal O
of O
symbolism O
for O
the O
city-state O
, O
underscoring O
its O
commitment O
to O
free O
trade O
and O
its O
trading O
links O
across O
the O
globe O
. O
" O

There O
is O
the O
international O
prestige O
Singapore B-LOC
would O
enjoy O
, O
but O
" O
more O
importantly O
there O
is O
a O
genuine O
national O
interest O
in O
fostering O
better O
global O
free O
trade O
and O
an O
open O
market O
" O
, O
said O
Tan B-PER
Kong I-PER
Yam I-PER
, O
head O
of O
Business O
Policy O
at O
the O
National B-ORG
University I-ORG
of I-ORG
Singapore I-ORG
. O

At O
the O
ministerial O
meeting O
, O
trade O
ministers O
will O
review O
the O
work O
of O
the O
WTO B-ORG
and O
the O
implementation O
of O
the O
Uruguay B-LOC
Round O
free O
trade O
commitments O
under O
its O
predecessor O
the O
General B-MISC
Agreement I-MISC
on I-MISC
Tariffs I-MISC
and I-MISC
Trade I-MISC
( O
GATT B-MISC
) O
. O

In O
June O
, O
the O
WTO B-ORG
hailed O
Singapore B-LOC
for O
its O
open O
market O
policies O
but O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
other O
trading O
powers O
called O
on O
Singapore B-LOC
to O
speed O
up O
the O
opening O
of O
its O
services O
sector O
. O

Supple B-PER
said O
the O
struggle O
that O
Singapore B-LOC
had O
to O
wage O
in O
vying O
to O
host O
the O
meeting O
would O
be O
repeated O
during O
the O
talks O
. O

" O
There O
is O
tension O
at O
every O
step O
of O
the O
way O
, O
" O
since O
a O
battle O
line O
between O
the O
West O
and O
developing O
countries O
has O
been O
drawn O
over O
the O
issue O
of O
linking O
trade O
liberalisation O
with O
labour O
rights O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Supple B-PER
said O
hosting O
the O
meeting O
carried O
prestige O
for O
Singapore B-LOC
, O
" O
however O
, O
this O
is O
quite O
intangible O
as O
the O
prestige O
factor O
may O
not O
necessarily O
lead O
to O
any O
additional O
investment O
and O
trade O
flows O
to O
this O
region O
. O
" O

From O
a O
commercial O
point O
of O
view O
, O
the O
meeting O
would O
be O
good O
for O
Singapore B-LOC
's O
tourism O
industry O
, O
Tan B-PER
said O
. O

A O
large O
part O
of O
Singapore B-LOC
's O
workforce O
would O
be O
mobilised O
to O
ensure O
the O
meeting O
would O
run O
without O
a O
glitch O
but O
the O
average O
Singaporean B-MISC
" O
would O
probably O
not O
be O
too O
concerned O
about O
some O
of O
the O
issues O
, O
" O
Tan B-PER
said O
. O

" O
But O
the O
more O
educated O
public O
will O
realise O
that O
these O
kind O
of O
things O
are O
important O
for O
Singapore B-LOC
as O
a O
small O
economy O
. O
" O

Supple B-PER
said O
any O
political O
gains O
the O
Singapore B-LOC
government O
would O
get O
from O
the O
WTO B-ORG
meeting O
-- O
ahead O
of O
a O
general O
election O
due O
by O
April O
1997 O
-- O
would O
depend O
on O
how O
successful O
it O
was O
in O
pushing O
its O
economic O
agenda O
. O

" O
If O
there O
are O
any O
movements O
toward O
freer O
trade O
, O
then O
Singapore B-LOC
's O
economy O
and O
the O
electorate O
would O
gain O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

But O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
it O
would O
be O
wise O
to O
play O
up O
the O
political O
aspect O
of O
this O
. O

I O
think O
political O
issues O
will O
take O
secondary O
importance O
to O
all O
these O
economic O
issues O
that O
will O
be O
displayed O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Japan B-LOC
NTT B-ORG
says O
hopes O
to O
start O
int'l O
business O
soon O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Nippon B-ORG
Telegraph I-ORG
and I-ORG
Telephone I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
( O
NTT B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
it O
hopes O
to O
move O
into O
the O
international O
telecommunications O
business O
as O
soon O
as O
possible O
following O
the O
government O
's O
decision O
to O
split O
NTT B-ORG
into O
three O
firms O
under O
a O
holding O
company O
. O

" O
We O
hope O
to O
start O
international O
telephone O
business O
as O
soon O
as O
possible O
, O
" O
a O
company O
official O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

The O
official O
said O
the O
latest O
government O
decision O
to O
split O
the O
company O
under O
a O
holding O
company O
would O
allow O
flexibility O
in O
NTT B-ORG
's O
international O
phone O
business O
. O

Earlier O
, O
Posts O
and O
Telecommunications O
Minister O
Hisao B-PER
Horinouchi I-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
the O
government O
plans O
to O
split O
NTT B-ORG
into O
three O
firms O
under O
a O
holding O
company O
, O
but O
did O
not O
specify O
when O
the O
restructuring O
would O
likely O
take O
effect O
. O

One O
of O
the O
three O
new O
companies O
will O
be O
a O
long-distance O
operator O
and O
the O
other O
two O
will O
be O
local-call O
operators O
, O
Horinouchi B-PER
said O
. O

One O
of O
the O
local O
firms O
will O
operate O
in O
west O
Japan B-LOC
and O
the O
other O
in O
east O
Japan B-LOC
, O
he O
added O
. O

The O
long-distance O
operator O
will O
offer O
international O
services O
, O
Horinouchi B-PER
said O
. O

The O
NTT B-ORG
official O
said O
the O
timing O
of O
the O
planned O
split-up O
was O
uncertain O
because O
more O
discussions O
by O
government O
officials O
were O
required O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ahold B-ORG
launches O
Asian B-MISC
food O
discount O
stores O
. O

ZAANDAM B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Dutch B-MISC
supermarkets O
group O
Ahold B-ORG
NV I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
it O
had O
launched O
a O
second O
food O
store O
format O
for O
Asian B-MISC
consumers O
today O
, O
opening O
16 O
BILO B-MISC
food O
discount O
stores O
in O
Malaysia B-LOC
. O

The O
BILO B-MISC
stores O
are O
located O
in O
Malysia B-LOC
's O
capital O
Kuala B-LOC
Lumpur I-LOC
and O
in O
the O
country O
's O
second O
city O
Johor B-LOC
Bahru I-LOC
. O

The O
discount O
price O
format O
store O
BILO B-MISC
is O
to O
complement O
Ahold B-ORG
's O
full O
service O
supermarket O
TOPS B-MISC
, O
recently O
launched O
in O
Asia B-LOC
. O

" O
In O
the O
coming O
five O
to O
ten O
years O
, O
Ahold B-ORG
plans O
to O
open O
many O
more O
stores O
of O
both O
formats O
, O
making O
TOPS B-MISC
and O
BILO B-MISC
household O
names O
in O
the O
region O
, O
" O
Ahold B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

As O
well O
as O
its O
activities O
in O
Asia B-LOC
, O
Dutch B-MISC
retail O
group O
Ahold B-ORG
has O
a O
strong O
presence O
in O
Europe B-LOC
, O
in O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
and O
the O
company O
recently O
announced O
a O
joint O
venture O
agreement O
in O
Brazil B-LOC
. O

Ahold B-ORG
has O
annualised O
sales O
of O
approximately O
US$ B-MISC
24 O
billion O
, O
and O
employs O
180,000 O
people O
worldwide O
. O

-- O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O
, O
Fax O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
504 O

-DOCSTART- O

ALPINE O
SKIING-WOMEN O
'S O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
SUPER O
G O
WINNER O
PROFILE O
. O

VAIL B-LOC
, O
Colorado B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Profile O
of O
the O
winner O
of O
Saturday O
's O
women O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
super O
G O
race O
: O

Name O
: O
Svetlana B-PER
Gladishiva I-PER

Age O
: O
25 O

Nation O
: O
Russia B-LOC

Previous O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
victories O
: O
None O

Other O
Facts O
: O
Gladishiva B-PER
won O
a O
silver O
medal O
in O
super O
G O
at O
the O
1994 O
Lillehammer B-LOC
Winter B-MISC
Olympics I-MISC
and O
a O
bronze O
medal O
in O
downhill O
at O
the O
1991 O
World B-MISC
Championships I-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ALPINE O
SKIING-WOMEN O
'S O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
SUPER O
G O
RESULTS O
. O

VAIL B-LOC
, O
Colorado B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Provisional O
results O
from O

Saturday O
's O
women O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
super O
G O
race O
: O

1. O
Svetlana B-PER
Gladishiva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
one O
minute O
17.76 O
seconds O

2. O
Pernila B-PER
Wiberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
1:17.97 O

3. O
Carole B-PER
Montillet I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:18.11 O

4. O
Hilde B-PER
Gerg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:18.15 O

5. O
Isolde B-PER
Kostner I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
1:18.19 O

6. O
Warwara B-PER
Zelenskaja I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1:18.21 O

7. O
Madlen B-PER
Brigger-Summermatter I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
1:18.23 O

8. O
Florence B-PER
Masnada I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:18.31 O

9. O
Katja B-PER
Seizinger I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:18.32 O

10= O
Martina B-PER
Ertl I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:18.48 O

10= O
Stefanie B-PER
Schuster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:18.48 O

12. O
Bibiana B-PER
Perez I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
1:18.52 O

13. O
Barbara B-PER
Merlin I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
1:18.67 O

14. O
Sybille B-PER
Brauner I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:18.81 O

15. O
Katharina B-PER
Gutensohn I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:18.92 O

16. O
Leatitia B-PER
Dalloz I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:18.96 O

17. O
Renate B-PER
Goetschl I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:18.98 O

18. O
Marianne B-PER
Brechu I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:19.02 O

19. O
Heidi B-PER
Zurbriggen I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
1:19.03 O

20. O
Spela B-PER
Bracun I-PER
( O
Slovenia B-LOC
) O
1:19.07 O

21. O
Shannon B-PER
Nobis I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
1:19.08 O

22= O
Regine B-PER
Cavagnoud I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:19.21 O

22= O
Anita B-PER
Wachter I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:19.21 O

24. O
Megan B-PER
Gerety I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
1:19.39 O

25. O
Hilary B-PER
Lindh I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
1:19.41 O

26= O
Catherine B-PER
Borghi I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
1:19.44 O

26= O
Michaela B-PER
Dorfmeister I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:19.44 O

28. O
Alexandra B-PER
Meissnitzer I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:19.53 O

29. O
Ingeborg B-PER
Helen I-PER
Marken I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1:19.54 O

30. O
Monika B-PER
Tschirky I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
1:19.60 O

The O
results O
were O
declared O
official O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ALPINE O
SKIING-GLADISHIVA B-MISC
WINS O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
SUPER O
G O
. O

VAIL B-LOC
, O
Colorado B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Svetlana B-PER
Gladishiva I-PER
of O
Russia B-LOC
won O
the O
women O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
Super O
G O
race O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Pernilla B-PER
Wiberg I-PER
of O
Sweden B-LOC
finished O
second O
and O
Carole B-PER
Montillet I-PER
of O
France B-LOC
came O
in O
third O
, O
according O
to O
provisional O
results O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
THIRD O
ROUND O
OF O
JCPENNEY B-MISC
CLASSIC I-MISC
WASHED O
OUT O
. O

TARPON B-LOC
SPRINGS I-LOC
, O
Florida B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Heavy O
rains O
on O
Saturday O
washed O
out O
the O
third O
round O
of O
the O
$ O
1.5 O
million O
JCPenney B-MISC
Classic I-MISC
at O
the O
Innisbrook B-LOC
Hilton I-LOC
Resort I-LOC
. O

Officials O
said O
the O
tournament O
would O
be O
reduced O
to O
54 O
holes O
for O
the O
first O
time O
in O
its O
37-year O
history O
. O

The O
final O
round O
of O
the O
special O
event O
, O
which O
pairs O
players O
from O
the O
PGA B-ORG
and O
LPGA B-ORG
Tours O
, O
will O
be O
played O
in O
the O
alternate O
shot O
format O
on O
Sunday O
. O

The O
duo O
of O
Pat B-PER
Hurst I-PER
and O
Scott B-PER
McCarron I-PER
were O
tied O
for O
the O
lead O
with O
the O
team O
of O
Donna B-PER
Andrews I-PER
and O
Mike B-PER
Hulbert I-PER
at O
13-under-par O
129 O
through O
36 O
holes O
. O

The O
tandem O
of O
reigning O
U.S. B-LOC
Amateur O
champions O
Kelli B-PER
Kuehne I-PER
and O
Tiger B-PER
Woods I-PER
were O
another O
shot O
back O
at O
12-under O
130 O
. O

Defending O
champions O
Beth B-PER
Daniel I-PER
and O
Davis B-PER
Love I-PER
will O
start O
the O
final O
round O
six O
shots O
off O
the O
pace O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ALPINE O
SKIING-WOMEN O
'S O
DOWNHILL O
WINNER O
PROFILE O
. O

VAIL B-LOC
, O
Colorado B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Profile O
of O
the O
winner O
of O
Saturday O
's O
women O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
downhill O
race O
: O

Name O
: O
Renate B-PER
Goetschl I-PER

Age O
: O
20 O

Nation O
: O
Austria B-LOC

Previous O
victories O
( O
two O
) O
: O
slalom O
, O
Lillehammer B-LOC
Norway B-LOC
, O
1993 O
; O
super O
G O
, O
Flachau B-LOC
, O
Austria B-LOC
, O
1995 O
. O

Other O
facts O
: O
As O
a O
qualifier O
for O
the O
1993 B-MISC
World I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
finals O
through O
Europa B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
results O
, O
16-year-old O
Goetschl B-PER
won O
the O
slalom O
to O
become O
history O
's O
youngest O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
victor O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ALPINE O
SKIING-WOMEN O
'S O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
STANDINGS O
. O

VAIL B-LOC
, O
Colorado B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Women O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC

standings O
after O
Saturday O
's O
downhill O
race O
: O

Downhill O
Standings O

1. O
Katja B-PER
Seizinger I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
180 O
points O

2. O
Renate B-PER
Goetschl I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
132 O

3. O
Carole B-PER
Montillet I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
86 O

4. O
Pernilla B-PER
Wiberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
75 O

5. O
Heidi B-PER
Zurbriggen I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
69 O

6. O
Regina B-PER
Haeusl I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
66 O

7. O
Alexandra B-PER
Meissnitzer I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
65 O

8. O
Isolde B-PER
Kostner I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
60 O

9. O
Ingeborg B-PER
Helen I-PER
Markein O
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
58 O

10= O
Megan B-PER
Gerety I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
51 O

10= O
Warwara B-PER
Zelenskaja I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
51 O

10= O
Florence B-LOC
Masnada B-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
51 O

13= O
Picabo B-PER
Street I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
50 O

13= O
Stefanie B-PER
Schuster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
50 O

15. O
Miriam B-PER
Vogt I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
47 O

16. O
Bibiana B-PER
Perez I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
45 O

17. O
Hilde B-PER
Gerg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
42 O

18. O
Barbara B-PER
Merlin I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
38 O

19= O
Kate B-PER
Pace I-PER
Lindsay I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
23 O

19= O
Svetlana B-PER
Gladishiva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
23 O

19= O
Regine B-PER
Cavagnoud I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
23 O

Overall O
women O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
standings O
leaders O
after O

Saturday O
's O
downhill O
and O
super O
G O
races O
: O

1. O
Katja B-PER
Seizinger I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
414 O
points O

2. O
Pernilla B-PER
Wiberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
353 O

3. O
Hide B-PER
Gerg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
276 O

4. O
Anita B-PER
Wachter I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
180 O

5. O
Isolde B-PER
Kostner I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
157 O

6. O
Heidi B-PER
Zurbriggen I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
153 O

7. O
Warwara B-PER
Zelenskaja I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
151 O

8= O
Renate B-PER
Goetschl I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
146 O

8= O
Carole B-PER
Montillet I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
146 O

10. O
Svetlana B-PER
Gladishiva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
137 O

11. O
Florence B-LOC
Masnada B-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
133 O

12. O
Deborah B-PER
Compagnoni I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
120 O

13. O
Martina B-PER
Ertl I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
119 O

14. O
Alexandra B-PER
Meissnitzer I-PER
( O
Austria)118 O

15. O
Urska B-PER
Horvat I-PER
( O
Slovenia B-LOC
) O
108 O

16= O
Claudia B-PER
Riegler I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
100 O

16= O
Sabina B-PER
Panzanini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
100 O

18. O
Barbara B-PER
Merlin I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
92 O

19. O
Stefanie B-PER
Schuster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
89 O

20. O
Miriam B-PER
Vogt I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
76 O

Super B-MISC
G I-MISC
standings O
: O

1. O
Pernilla B-PER
Wiberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
180 O

2. O
Hilde B-PER
Gerg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
130 O

3. O
Svetland B-PER
Gladishiva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
114 O

4. O
Warwara B-PER
Zelenskaja I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
100 O

5. O
Florence B-PER
Masnada I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
82 O

6. O
Katja B-PER
Seizinger I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
74 O

7. O
Isolde B-PER
Kostner I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
65 O

8. O
Carole B-PER
Montillet I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
60 O

9. O
Martina B-PER
Ertl I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
58 O

10. O
Anita B-PER
Wachter I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
49 O

11. O
Heidi B-PER
Zurbriggen I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
43 O

12= O
Madlen B-PER
Brigger-Summermatter I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
42 O

12= O
Barbara B-PER
Merlin I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
42 O

12= O
Katharina B-PER
Gutensohn I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
42 O

15. O
Stefanie B-PER
Schuster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
39 O

16. O
Leatitia B-PER
Dalloz I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
33 O

17. O
Bibiana B-PER
Perez I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
30 O

18= O
Miriam B-PER
Vogt I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
29 O

18= O
Marianne B-PER
Brechu I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
29 O

20. O
Alexandra B-PER
Meissnitzer I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
27 O

Nation B-MISC
's I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
standings O
: O

1. O
Austria B-LOC
1,973 O
points O

2. O
Germany B-LOC
1,135 O

3. O
Switzerland B-LOC
972 O

4. O
Italy B-LOC
887 O

5. O
France B-LOC
853 O

6. O
Norway B-LOC
746 O

7. O
Sweden B-LOC
673 O

8. O
Slovenia B-LOC
432 O

9. O
Russia B-LOC
288 O

10. O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
164 O

-DOCSTART- O

ALPINE O
SKIING-WOMEN O
'S O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
DOWNHILL O
RESULTS O
. O

VAIL B-LOC
, O
Colorado B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Provisional O
results O
from O

Saturday O
's O
women O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
downhill O
race O
: O

1. O
Renate B-PER
Goetschl I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
one O
minute O
47.71 O
seconds O

2. O
Katja B-PER
Seizinger I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:48.53 O

3. O
Isolde B-PER
Kostner I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
1:48.91 O

4. O
Alexandra B-PER
Meissnitzer I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:49.13 O

5. O
Megan B-PER
Gerety I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
1:49.26 O

6. O
Miriam B-PER
Vogt I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:49.28 O

7. O
Stefanie B-PER
Schuster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:49.38 O

8. O
Ingeborg B-PER
Helen I-PER
Marken I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1:49.41 O

9. O
Florence B-PER
Masnada I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:49.51 O

10. O
Regina B-PER
Haeusl I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:49.53 O

11. O
Heidi B-PER
Zurbriggen I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
1:49.65 O

12. O
Warwara B-PER
Zelenskaja I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1:49.66 O

13. O
Barbara B-PER
Merlin I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
1:49.76 O

14. O
Hilde B-PER
Gerg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:49.84 O

15. O
Martina B-PER
Ertl I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:49.85 O

16. O
Pernilla B-PER
Wiberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
1:49.88 O

17. O
Svetlana B-PER
Gladishiva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1:50.03 O

18. O
Anita B-PER
Wachter I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:50.10 O

19. O
Spela B-PER
Bracun I-PER
( O
Slovenia B-LOC
) O
1:50.40 O

20. O
Regine B-PER
Cavagnoud I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:50.51 O

21. O
Kate B-PER
Pace I-PER
Lindsay I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
1:50.54 O

22. O
Bibiana B-PER
Perez I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
1:50.65 O

23. O
Hilary B-PER
Lindh I-PER
( O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
) O
1:50.69 O

24. O
Catherine B-PER
Borghi I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
1:50.72 O

25. O
Carole B-PER
Montillet I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:50.91 O

26. O
Brigitte B-PER
Obermoser I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:50.99 O

27. O
Sybille B-PER
Brauner I-PER
( O
Germay O
) O
1:51.04 O

28. O
Grete B-PER
Stroem I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1:51.07 O

29. O
Patrizia B-PER
Bassis I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
1:51.13 O

30. O
Alessandra B-PER
Merlin I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
1:51.16 O

The O
results O
were O
declared O
official O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

NORDIC O
SKIING-WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
BIATHLON O
RESULTS O
. O

OESTERSUND B-LOC
, O
Sweden B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
Saturday O
's O

World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
biathlon O
races O
: O

Men O
's O
10 O
kms O

1. O
Vadim B-PER
Sashurin I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
26 O
minutes O
17.2 O
seconds O
( O
no O
penalty O

rounds O
) O

2. O
Frode B-PER
Andresen I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
26:17.8 O
( O
2 O
) O

3. O
Ole B-PER
Einar I-PER
Bjorndalen I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
26:24.9 O
( O
2 O
) O

4. O
Sven B-PER
Fischer I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
26:28.2 O
( O
1 O
) O

5. O
Ricco B-PER
Gross I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
26:33.0 O
( O
1 O
) O

World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
standings O

1. O
Fischer B-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
82 O
points O

2. O
Pavel B-PER
Muslimov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
82 O

3. O
Sashurin B-PER
68 O
. O

Women O
's O
7.5 O
kms O

1. O
Olga B-PER
Melnik I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
23:13.3 O
( O
0 O
) O

2. O
Svetlana B-PER
Paramygina I-PER
( O
Belorus B-LOC
) O
23:58.6 O
( O
0 O
) O

3. O
Gunn B-PER
Margit I-PER
Andreassen I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
24:00.4 O
( O
0 O
) O

4. O
Simone B-PER
Greiner-Petter-Memm I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
24:09.5 O
( O
1 O
) O

5. O
Petra B-PER
Behle I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
24:15.4 O
( O
2 O
) O

World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
standings O

1. O
Behle B-PER
89 O

2. O
Paramygina B-PER
79 O

3. O
Greiner-Petter-Memm B-PER
78 O

-DOCSTART- O

ALPINE O
SKIING-GOETCHL O
WINS O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
DOWNHILL O
. O

VAIL B-LOC
, O
Colorado B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Renate B-PER
Goetschl I-PER
of O
Austria B-LOC
won O
the O
women O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
downhill O
race O
on O
Saturday O
, O
according O
to O
provisional O
results O
. O

Katja B-PER
Seizinger I-PER
of O
Germany B-LOC
finished O
second O
and O
Islode B-PER
Kostner I-PER
of O
Italy B-LOC
took O
third O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BOBSLEIGH-SHIMER B-MISC
PILOTS O
USA B-ORG
III I-ORG
TO O
SURPRISE O
WIN O
. O

IGLS B-LOC
, O
Austria B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Brian B-PER
Shimer I-PER
piloted O
USA B-ORG
III I-ORG
to O
a O
surprise O
victory O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
two-man O
bobsleigh O
race O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Lying O
fifth O
after O
the O
first O
run O
, O
Shimer B-PER
and O
breakman O
Randy B-PER
Jones I-PER
delivered O
a O
near-perfect O
second O
trip O
down O
the O
1976 O
Olympic B-MISC
course O
for O
an O
aggregate O
time O
of O
one O
minute O
45.91 O
seconds O
. O

First O
run O
leaders O
Guenther B-PER
Huber I-PER
and O
breakman O
Antonio B-PER
Tartaglia I-PER
in O
the O
Italy B-LOC
I O
sleigh O
finished O
second O
two-hundredths O
of O
a O
second O
behind O
the O
Americans B-MISC
. O

Canada B-ORG
I I-ORG
, O
represented O
by O
Pierre B-PER
Lueders I-PER
and O
breakman O
Dave B-PER
MacEachern I-PER
, O
completed O
the O
third O
World B-MISC
cup I-MISC
event O
of O
the O
winter O
a O
further O
one-hundredth O
of O
a O
second O
behind O
the O
Italians B-MISC
. O

The O
Canadians B-MISC
, O
winners O
of O
the O
opening O
two O
events O
in O
Altenberg B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
, O
and O
La B-LOC
Plagne I-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
, O
increased O
their O
lead O
in O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
standings O
. O

They O
have O
104 O
points O
, O
15 O
ahead O
of O
USA B-ORG
I I-ORG
's O
Jim B-PER
Herberich I-PER
and O
breakman O
Garrett B-PER
Hines I-PER
who O
managed O
only O
10th O
place O
on O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SKIING-CHINESE B-MISC
MAKE O
PROMISING O
FREESTYLE O
SKIING O
DEBUT O
. O

TIGNES B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

China B-LOC
made O
a O
promising O
debut O
on O
the O
freestyle O
skiing O
world O
cup O
circuit O
in O
an O
aerials O
event O
in O
the O
French B-MISC
resort O
of O
Tignes B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

While O
the O
Chinese B-MISC
failed O
to O
gain O
a O
place O
in O
the O
men O
's O
final O
, O
they O
had O
two O
in O
the O
top O
10 O
of O
the O
women O
's O
competition O
, O
Cuo B-PER
Dan I-PER
finishing O
a O
respectable O
seventh O
and O
Xu B-PER
Nannan I-PER
ninth O
. O

But O
overall O
, O
it O
was O
France B-LOC
and O
Canada B-LOC
who O
dominated O
the O
day O
. O

Alexis B-PER
Blanc I-PER
and O
Sebastien B-PER
Foucras I-PER
gave O
France B-LOC
a O
one-two O
finish O
in O
the O
first O
aerials O
competition O
of O
the O
season O
. O

Blanc B-PER
collected O
his O
seventh O
career O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
win O
with O
a O
two O
jump O
combined O
score O
of O
238.36 O
points O
, O
easily O
beating O
Foucras B-PER
, O
the O
overall O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
aerials O
champion O
, O
who O
was O
a O
distant O
second O
with O
223.60 O
. O

Canada B-LOC
's O
Jeff B-PER
Bean I-PER
, O
who O
had O
never O
finished O
higher O
than O
ninth O
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
event O
, O
made O
his O
first O
trip O
to O
the O
podium O
taking O
third O
place O
with O
a O
mark O
of O
209.96 O
. O

Veronica B-PER
Brenner I-PER
of O
Canada B-LOC
, O
who O
picked O
up O
her O
first O
career O
victory O
at O
Tignes B-LOC
last O
year O
, O
made O
it O
two O
wins O
in O
a O
row O
at O
the O
French B-MISC
resort O
taking O
first O
in O
the O
women O
's O
competition O
with O
a O
score O
of O
170.42 O
. O

Swiss B-MISC
skiers O
occupied O
the O
other O
two O
places O
on O
the O
podium O
, O
Karin B-PER
Kuster I-PER
taking O
second O
with O
160.55 O
narrowly O
ahead O
of O
Evelyne B-PER
Leu I-PER
with O
160.36 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BOBSLEIGH-WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
TWO-MAN O
RESULTS O
. O

IGLS B-LOC
, O
Austria B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
two-man O
bobsleigh O
event O
on O
Saturday O
: O

1. O
United B-ORG
States I-ORG
III I-ORG
( O
Brian B-PER
Shimer I-PER
, O
Randy B-PER
Jones I-PER
) O
one O

minute O
45.91 O
seconds O
( O
52.90 O
/ O
53.01 O
) O

2. O
Italy B-ORG
I I-ORG
( O
Guenther B-PER
Huber I-PER
, O
Antonio B-PER
Tartaglia I-PER
) O
1:45.93 O

( O
52.74 O
/ O
53.19 O
) O

3. O
Canada B-ORG
I I-ORG
( O
Pierre B-PER
Lueders I-PER
, O
Dave B-PER
MacEachern I-PER
) O
1:45.94 O

( O
52.76 O
/ O
53.18 O
) O

4. O
German B-ORG
I I-ORG
( O
Sepp B-PER
Dostthaler I-PER
, O
Thomas B-PER
Lebsa I-PER
) O
1:45.95 O

( O
52.82 O
/ O
53.13 O
) O

5. O
Switzerland B-ORG
I I-ORG
( O
Reto B-PER
Goetschi I-PER
, O
Guido B-PER
Acklin I-PER
) O
1:45.98 O

( O
52.91 O
/ O
53.07 O
) O

6. O
Germany B-ORG
III I-ORG
( O
Dirk B-PER
Wiese I-PER
, O
Jakobs B-PER
Marco I-PER
) O
1:46.02 O

( O
52.89 O
/ O
53.13 O
) O

7. O
Czech B-ORG
Republic I-ORG
I I-ORG
( O
Jiri B-PER
Dzmura I-PER
, O
Pavel B-PER
Polomsky I-PER
) O

1:46.06 O
( O
53.01 O
/ O
53.05 O
) O

8. O
Austria B-ORG
I I-ORG
( O
Hubert B-PER
Schoesser I-PER
, O
Erwin B-PER
Arnold I-PER
) O
1:46.13 O

( O
52.92 O
/ O
53.21 O
) O

9. O
Britain B-ORG
I I-ORG
( O
Sean B-PER
Olsson I-PER
, O
Dean B-PER
Ward I-PER
) O
1:46.26 O
( O
52.97/ O

53.29 O
) O

10 O
equal O
. O

United B-ORG
States I-ORG
I I-ORG
( O
Jim B-PER
Herberich I-PER
, O
Garrett B-PER

Hines B-PER
) O
1:46.34 O
( O
53.14 O
/ O
53.20 O
) O
and O
Austria B-ORG
III I-ORG

( O
Hannes B-PER
Conti I-PER
, O
Georg B-PER
Kuttner I-PER
) O
1:46.34 O
( O
53.30/ O

53.04). O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
WOOLMER B-PER
MAKES O
SENTIMENTAL O
RETURN O
TO O
KANPUR B-LOC
. O

KANPUR B-LOC
, O
India B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
trip O
to O
Kanpur B-LOC
for O
the O
third O
test O
against O
India B-LOC
has O
given O
former O
England B-LOC
test O
cricketer O
Bob B-PER
Woolmer I-PER
the O
chance O
of O
a O
sentimental O
return O
to O
his O
birthplace O
. O

Woolmer B-PER
was O
born O
in O
the O
northern O
city O
of O
Kanpur B-LOC
when O
his O
father O
worked O
there O
for O
an O
insurance O
compnay O
and O
was O
himself O
an O
active O
cricketer O
. O

" O
It O
's O
been O
a O
sentimental O
journey O
... O

A O
visit O
to O
India B-LOC
is O
always O
an O
intriguing O
experience O
, O
" O
Woolmer B-PER
, O
now O
the O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
coach O
, O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Woolmer B-PER
, O
48 O
, O
played O
19 O
tests O
for O
England B-LOC
between O
1975 O
and O
1981 O
. O

His O
first O
cricketing O
sojurn O
to O
India B-LOC
was O
as O
a O
member O
of O
Tony B-PER
Greig I-PER
's O
England B-LOC
side O
in O
1976-77 O
. O

His O
father O
Clarence B-PER
Woolmer I-PER
represented O
United B-LOC
Province I-LOC
, O
now O
renamed O
Uttar B-LOC
Pradesh I-LOC
, O
in O
India B-LOC
's O
Ranji B-MISC
Trophy I-MISC
national O
championship O
and O
captained O
the O
state O
during O
1949 O
. O

Now O
aged O
86 O
, O
Woolmer B-PER
senior O
lives O
with O
his O
son O
in O
Cape B-LOC
Town I-LOC
. O

Woolmer B-PER
's O
memories O
of O
Kanpur B-LOC
are O
few O
and O
blurred O
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
remember O
much O
of O
the O
place O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

I O
came O
here O
on O
zero O
and O
left O
at O
three O
( O
aged O
three O
) O
when O
my O
father O
was O
transferred O
to O
Calcutta B-LOC
where O
I O
spent O
another O
four O
and O
half O
years O
. O

" O
But O
I O
do O
remember O
we O
had O
a O
cobra O
snake O
in O
the O
basement O
of O
our O
house O
. O

Also O
that O
my O
father O
bought O
a O
bicycle O
and O
when O
we O
rode O
over O
a O
hose O
pipe O
it O
broke O
into O
two O
. O
" O

Woolmer B-PER
said O
the O
hospital O
where O
he O
was O
born O
is O
close O
to O
the O
stadium O
where O
the O
India-South B-MISC
Africa I-MISC
test O
will O
be O
played O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FREESTYLE O
SKIING-WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
AERIALS O
RESULTS O
. O

TIGNES B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC

freestyle O
skiing O
aerials O
competition O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Men O
: O

1. O
Alexis B-PER
Blanc I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
238.36 O
points O

2. O
Sebastien B-PER
Foucras I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
223.60 O

3. O
Jeff B-PER
Bean I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
209.96 O

4. O
Eric B-PER
Bergoust I-PER
( O
U.S B-LOC
) O
207.15 O

5. O
Christian B-PER
Rijavec I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
204.17 O

6. O
Alexandre B-PER
Mikhailov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
202.59 O

7. O
Ales B-PER
Valenta I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
194.02 O

8. O
Andy B-PER
Capicik I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
193.82 O

9. O
Trace B-PER
Worthington I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
192.36 O

10. O
Dmitri B-PER
Dashinski I-PER
Belarus B-LOC
) O
190.70 O

Women O
: O

1. O
Veronica B-PER
Brenner I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
170.42 O

2. O
Karin B-PER
Kuster I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
160.55 O

3. O
Evelyne B-PER
Leu I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
160.36 O

4. O
Caroline B-PER
Olivier I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
157.10 O

5. O
Jacqui B-PER
Cooper I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
156.52 O

6. O
Marie B-PER
Lindgren I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
154.82 O

7. O
Dan B-PER
Cuo I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
154.61 O

8. O
Kristie B-PER
Marshall I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
154.60 O

9. O
Xu B-PER
Nannan I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
152.08 O

10. O
Hilde B-PER
Synnove I-PER
Lid I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
148.20 O

-DOCSTART- O

SKI O
JUMPING-LEADING O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

KUUSAMO B-LOC
, O
Finland B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Leading O
results O
in O
a O

World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
high O
hill O
( O
120-metre O
) O
ski O
jumping O
event O
on O
Saturday O
: O

1. O
Takanobu B-PER
Okabe I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
303.4 O
points O
( O
first O
jump O

145.4 O
/ O
second O
jump O
158 O
) O

2. O
Kazuyoshi B-PER
Funaki I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
295.4 O
( O
151.5 O
/ O
143.9 O
) O

3. O
Andreas B-PER
Goldberger I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
274.4 O
( O
144.4 O
/ O
130 O
) O

4. O
Dieter B-PER
Thoma I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
267 O
( O
141.6 O
/ O
124.4 O
) O

5. O
Ari-Pekka B-PER
Nikkola I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
256.4 O
( O
126 O
/ O
130.4 O
) O

6. O
Reinhard B-PER
Schwarzenberger I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
252.6 O
( O
119.7 O
/ O
132.9 O
) O

7. O
Noriaki B-PER
Kasai I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
242 O
( O
124.2 O
/ O
117.8 O
) O

8. O
Hiroya B-PER
Saitoh I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
234.7 O
( O
124.6 O
/ O
110.1 O
) O

9. O
Jani B-PER
Soininen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
231.5 O
( O
115 O
/ O
116.5 O
) O

10. O
Kristian B-PER
Brenden I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
228.1 O
( O
129.4 O
/ O
98.7 O
) O

Leading O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
standings O
( O
after O
three O
events O
) O
: O

1. O
Thoma B-PER
210 O
points O

2. O
Brenden B-PER
206 O

3. O
Goldberger B-PER
160 O

4. O
Okabe B-PER
146 O

5. O
Funaki B-PER
143 O

6. O
Saitoh B-PER
121 O

7. O
Espen B-PER
Bredesen I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
112 O

8. O
Nikkola B-PER
101 O

9. O
Soininen B-PER
85 O

10. O
Primoz B-PER
Peterka I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
76 O

-DOCSTART- O

BADMINTON O
- O
WORLD B-MISC
GRAND I-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
SEMIFINAL O
RESULTS O
. O

TEMBAU B-LOC
DENPASAR I-LOC
, O
Bali B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O

semifinals O
at O
the O
World B-MISC
Grand I-MISC
Prix I-MISC
finals O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Men O
's O
singles O

Fung B-PER
Permadi I-PER
( O
Taiwan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Indra B-PER
Wijaya I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
15-6 O
15-8 O

Sun B-PER
Jun I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Allan B-PER
Budi I-PER
Kusuma I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
15-9 O
15-10 O

Women O
's O
singles O

Susi B-PER
Susanti I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Camilla B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
11-1 O

11-3 O

Ye B-PER
Zhaoying I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Gong B-PER
Zhichao I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
11-8 O
11-3 O

-DOCSTART- O

SPEED O
SKATING-RESULTS O
OF O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
SPEED O
SKATING O
RACES O
. O

CHONJU B-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
on O
the O
first O
day O
of O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
speed O
skating O
races O
here O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Men O
's O
500 O
metres O
first O
round O
: O
1 O
. O

Horii B-PER
Manabu I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
37.23 O
seconds O
; O
2 O
. O

Jaegal B-PER
Sung-Yeol I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
) O
37.46 O
; O
3 O
. O

Grunde B-PER
Njos I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
37.49 O
; O
4 O
. O

Shimizu B-PER
Hiroyasu I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
37.68 O
; O
5 O
. O

Sergey B-PER
Klevchenya I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
37.86 O
; O
6 O
. O

Yamakage B-PER
Hiroaki I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
37.93 O
; O
7 O
. O

Casey B-PER
Fitzrandolph I-PER
( O
US B-LOC
) O
37.97 O
; O
8 O
. O

Sylvain B-PER
Bouchard I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
38.00 O
; O
9 O
. O

Kim B-PER
Yoon-man I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
) O
38.05 O
; O
10 O
. O

Inoue B-PER
Junichi I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
38.08 O
. O

Women O
's O
500 O
metres O
first O
round O
: O
1 O
. O

Xuc B-PER
Rulhong I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
40.78 O
; O
2 O
. O

Svetlana B-PER
Jhurova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
41.08 O
; O
3 O
. O

Franziska B-PER
Schenk I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
41.13 O
; O
4 O
. O

Okazaki B-PER
Tomomi I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
41.19 O
; O
5 O
. O

Shimazaki B-PER
Kyoko I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
41.45 O
; O
6 O
. O

Marianne B-PER
Timmer I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
41.58 O
; O
7 O
. O

Jin B-PER
Hua I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
41.59 O
; O
8 O
. O

Alena B-PER
Koroleva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
41.64 O
; O
9 O
. O

Chris B-PER
Witty I-PER
( O
US B-LOC
) O
41.75 O
; O
10 O
. O

Anke B-PER
Baler I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
41.76 O
. O

Men O
's O
1,000 O
metres O
first O
round O
: O

1. O
Sylvain B-PER
Bouchard I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
1 O
minute O
16.24 O
seconds O

2. O
Sergey B-PER
Klevchenya I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1:16.31 O

3. O
Jan B-PER
Bos I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
1:16.38 O

4. O
Grunde B-PER
Njos I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1:16.44 O

5. O
Lee B-PER
Kyou-hyuk I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
) O
1:16.47 O

6. O
Inoue B-PER
Junichi I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
1:16.61 O

7. O
Gerard B-PER
Van I-PER
Velde I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
1:16.63 O

8. O
Kim B-PER
Yoon-man I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
) O
1:16.75 O

9. O
Jeremy B-PER
Wotherspoon I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
1:16.75 O

10. O
Miyabe B-PER
Yasunori I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
1:16.86 O

Women O
's O
1,000 O
metres O
first O
round O
: O

1. O
Franziska B-PER
Schenk I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:23.17 O

2. O
Kusunose B-PER
Shiho I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
1:24.77 O

3. O
Marianne B-PER
Timmer I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
1:24.86 O

4. O
Anka B-PER
Baier I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:25.16 O

5. O
Becky B-PER
Sundstrom I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
1:25.39 O

6. O
Shimazaki B-PER
Kyoko I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
1:25.51 O

7. O
Oksana B-PER
Ravllova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1:25.55 O

8. O
Sammiya B-PER
Eriko I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
1:25.79 O

9. O
Chris B-PER
Witty I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
1:25.85 O

10. O
Xue B-PER
Rulhong I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
1:25.89 O

-DOCSTART- O

ALPINE O
SKIING-OFFICIALS O
HOPE O
TO O
SALVAGE O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
WEEKEND O
. O

WHISTLER B-LOC
, O
British B-LOC
Columbia I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
ski O
officials O
hope O
to O
be O
able O
to O
get O
in O
at O
least O
one O
men O
's O
downhill O
training O
run O
on O
Saturday O
in O
an O
effort O
to O
salvage O
the O
weekend O
racing O
programme O
. O

For O
the O
third O
consecutive O
day O
, O
Friday O
's O
scheduled O
training O
runs O
were O
cancelled O
due O
to O
heavy O
wet O
snow O
and O
fog O
on O
Whistler B-LOC
Mountain I-LOC
, O
leaving O
the O
scheduled O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
events O
in O
jeopardy O
. O

Rules O
call O
for O
at O
least O
one O
training O
run O
to O
be O
completed O
before O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
downhill O
race O
can O
be O
staged O
. O

Organisers O
hope O
to O
get O
that O
run O
in O
on O
Saturday O
morning O
, O
conditions O
permitting O
, O
and O
stage O
the O
race O
later O
in O
the O
day O
or O
on O
Sunday O
. O

" O
There O
was O
no O
possibility O
today O
to O
make O
a O
training O
run O
, O
" O
said O
Bernd B-PER
Zobel I-PER
, O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
men O
's O
national O
coach O
, O
citing O
too O
much O
new O
snow O
and O
poor O
visibility O
. O

If O
organisers O
are O
forced O
to O
run O
the O
downhill O
on O
Sunday O
, O
the O
super-giant O
slalom O
originally O
scheduled O
for O
Sunday O
would O
likely O
be O
abandoned O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
LEADING O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
PREMIER I-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC
SCORERS O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Leading O
goalscorers O
in O
the O

Scottish B-MISC
premier I-MISC
division O
after O
Saturday O
's O
matches O
: O

10 O
- O
Billy B-PER
Dodds I-PER
( O
Aberdeen B-ORG
) O
, O
Pierre B-PER
Van I-PER
Hooydonk I-PER
( O
Celtic B-ORG
) O

9 O
- O
Paul B-PER
Gascoigne I-PER
( O
Rangers B-ORG
) O

7 O
- O
Paul B-PER
Wright I-PER
( O
Kilmarnock B-ORG
) O
, O
Ally B-PER
McCoist I-PER
( O
Rangers B-ORG
) O

6 O
- O
Andreas B-PER
Thom I-PER
( O
Celtic B-ORG
) O
, O
Dean B-PER
Windass I-PER
( O
Aberdeen B-ORG
) O
, O

Brian B-PER
Laudrup I-PER
( O
Rangers B-ORG
) O
, O
Darren B-PER
Jackson I-PER

( O
Hibernian B-ORG
) O

5 O
- O
Peter B-PER
van I-PER
Vossen I-PER
( O
Rangers B-ORG
) O
, O
Gerry B-PER
Britton I-PER

( O
Dunfermline B-ORG
) O
, O
Colin B-PER
Cameron I-PER
( O
Hearts B-ORG
) O
, O
Robert B-PER

Winters B-PER
( O
Dundee B-ORG
United I-ORG
) O
, O
Paolo B-PER
Di I-PER
Canio I-PER
( O
Celtic B-ORG
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
LEADING O
ENGLISH B-MISC
GOALSCORERS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Leading O
goalscorers O
in O
the O
English B-MISC

premier O
league O
after O
Saturday O
's O
matches O
: O

13 O
- O
Ian B-PER
Wright I-PER
( O
Arsenal B-ORG
) O

9 O
- O
Fabrizio B-PER
Ravanelli I-PER
( O
Middlesbrough B-ORG
) O
, O
Alan B-PER
Shearer I-PER

( O
Newcastle B-ORG
) O

8 O
- O
Matthew B-PER
Le I-PER
Tissier I-PER
( O
Southampton B-ORG
) O
, O
Dwight B-PER
Yorke I-PER
( O
Aston B-ORG

Villa B-ORG
) O
, O
Les B-PER
Ferdinand I-PER
( O
Newcastle B-ORG
) O
, O
Efan B-PER
Ekoku I-PER
( O
Wimbledon B-LOC
) O
, O

Gianluca B-PER
Vialli I-PER
( O
Chelsea B-ORG
) O

7 O
- O
Robbie B-PER
Earle I-PER
( O
Wimbledon B-LOC
) O
, O
Les B-PER
Ferdinand I-PER
( O
Newcastle B-ORG
) O

6 O
- O
Marcus B-PER
Gayle I-PER
( O
Wimbledon B-LOC
) O
, O
Gary B-PER
Speed I-PER
( O
Everton B-ORG
) O
, O
Chris B-PER

Sutton B-PER
( O
Blackburn B-ORG
) O

5 O
- O
Robbie B-PER
Fowler I-PER
( O
Liverpool B-ORG
) O
, O
Steve B-PER
McManaman I-PER
( O
Liverpool B-ORG
) O

4 O
- O
Peter B-PER
Beardsley I-PER
( O
Newcastle B-ORG
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
NORTHERN B-LOC
IRELAND I-LOC
PREMIER O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
premier O

division O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Ards B-ORG
0 O
Crusaders B-ORG
0 O

Cliftonville B-ORG
1 O
Portadown B-ORG
1 O

Glenavon B-ORG
2 O
Linfield B-ORG
1 O

Glentoran B-ORG
1 O
Coleraine B-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
- O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O

goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Coleraine B-ORG
10 O
7 O
1 O
2 O
18 O
11 O
22 O

Linfield B-ORG
10 O
4 O
3 O
3 O
13 O
10 O
15 O

Crusaders B-ORG
10 O
3 O
4 O
3 O
11 O
9 O
13 O

Glenavon B-ORG
10 O
3 O
4 O
3 O
15 O
14 O
13 O

Glentoran B-ORG
10 O
3 O
3 O
4 O
18 O
18 O
12 O

Portadown B-ORG
9 O
3 O
3 O
3 O
11 O
12 O
12 O

Ards B-ORG
10 O
3 O
2 O
5 O
12 O
17 O
11 O

Cliftonville B-ORG
9 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
5 O
12 O
7 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
BRITISH O
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
British B-MISC
rugby O
union O

matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Pilkington B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
fourth O
round O

Reading B-ORG
50 O
Widnes B-ORG
3 O

English B-MISC
division O
one O

Bath B-ORG
35 O
Harlequins B-ORG
20 O

Gloucester B-ORG
29 O
London B-ORG
Irish I-ORG
19 O

Orrell B-ORG
22 O
West B-ORG
Hartlepool I-ORG
15 O

Wasps B-ORG
15 O
Bristol B-ORG
13 O

Welsh B-MISC
division O
one O

Caerphilly B-ORG
20 O
Cardiff B-ORG
34 O

Llanelli B-ORG
97 O
Newbridge B-ORG
10 O

Newport B-ORG
45 O
Dunvant B-ORG
22 O

Pontypridd B-ORG
53 O
Bridgend B-ORG
9 O

Swansea B-ORG
49 O
Neath B-ORG
10 O

Treorchy B-ORG
13 O
Ebbw B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
17 O

Scottish B-MISC
division O
one O

Boroughmuir B-ORG
31 O
Watsonians B-ORG
35 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
PREMIER O
DIVISION O
SUMMARIES O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Summaries O
of O
Scottish B-MISC
premier O
division O
matches O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Dunfermline B-ORG
2 O
( O
Millar B-PER
43 O
, O
46 O
penalty O
) O
Aberdeen B-ORG
3 O
( O
Miller B-PER
10 O
, O
Rowson B-PER
55 O
, O
Windass O
78 O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-1 O
. O

Attendance O
: O
5,465 O

Hearts B-ORG
0 O
Raith B-ORG
0 O
. O

10,719 O

Kilmarnock B-ORG
0 O
Dundee B-ORG
United I-ORG
2 O
( O
Olafsson B-PER
22 O
, O
51 O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

5,812 O

Motherwell B-ORG
2 O
( O
Davies B-PER
39 O
, O
Ross B-PER
89 O
) O
Celtic B-ORG
1 O
( O
Hay B-PER
83 O
) O
. O

1-0 O
. O

11,589 O

Rangers B-ORG
4 O
( O
Ferguson B-PER
34 O
, O
McCoist B-PER
71 O
74 O
, O
Laudrup B-PER
83 O
) O
Hibernian B-ORG
3 O
( O
Wright B-PER
21 O
, O
Jackson B-PER
41 O
, O
McGinlay B-PER
86 O
) O
. O

1-2 O
. O

48,053 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
RETIRING O
CAMPESE B-PER
WEIGHS O
UP O
OPTIONS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

David B-PER
Campese I-PER
will O
consider O
offers O
to O
play O
club O
rugby O
in O
England B-LOC
but O
looks O
more O
likely O
to O
spend O
the O
next O
year O
chasing O
business O
opportunities O
in O
Australia B-LOC
. O

The O
34-year-old O
winger O
played O
his O
final O
game O
in O
a O
Wallaby B-ORG
jersey O
on O
Saturday O
but O
is O
currently O
a O
target O
for O
clubs O
eager O
to O
match O
London B-LOC
side O
Saracens B-ORG
who O
have O
already O
snapped O
up O
Francois B-PER
Pienaar I-PER
, O
Michael B-PER
Lynagh I-PER
and O
Philippe B-PER
Sella I-PER
. O

" O
If O
the O
opportunity O
is O
there O
I O
'd O
obviously O
think O
about O
it O
but O
the O
thing O
that O
holds O
me O
back O
is O
business O
, O
" O
said O
Campese B-PER
. O

" O
I O
'd O
like O
to O
come O
over O
but O
there O
are O
a O
lot O
of O
things O
happening O
at O
home O
. O

I O
've O
also O
got O
a O
contract O
to O
play O
for O
New B-ORG
South I-ORG
Wales I-ORG
in O
the O
Super O
12 O
next O
year O
. O
" O

Former O
Wallaby B-ORG
captain O
Nick B-PER
Farr-Jones I-PER
believes O
Campese B-PER
may O
yet O
be O
tempted O
to O
England B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
'm O
sure O
there O
are O
a O
few O
people O
in O
England B-LOC
who O
'd O
be O
delighted O
to O
have O
David B-PER
Campese I-PER
in O
their O
club O
's O
jersey O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
PREMIER O
LEAGUE O
SUMMARIES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Summaries O
of O
English B-MISC
premier O

lealgue O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Arsenal B-ORG
2 O
( O
Adams B-PER
45 O
, O
Vieira B-PER
90 O
) O
Derby B-ORG
2 O
( O
Sturridge B-PER
62 O
, O
Powell B-PER

71 O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-0 O
. O

Attendance O
: O
38,018 O

Chelsea B-ORG
2 O
( O
Zola B-PER
12 O
, O
Vialli B-PER
55 O
) O
Everton B-ORG
2 O
( O
Branch B-PER
17 O
, O

Kanchelskis B-PER
28 O
) O
. O

1-2 O
. O

28,418 O

Coventry B-ORG
1 O
( O
Whelan B-PER
60 O
) O
Tottenham B-ORG
2 O
( O
Sheringham B-PER
27 O
, O
Sinton B-PER
75 O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

19,675 O

Leicester B-ORG
1 O
( O
Marshall B-PER
78 O
) O
Blackburn B-ORG
1 O
( O
Sutton B-PER
34 O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

19,306 O

Liverpool B-ORG
0 O
Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
1 O
( O
Whittingham B-PER
22 O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

39,507 O

Middlesbrough B-ORG
0 O
Leeds B-ORG
0 O
. O

30,018 O

Southampton B-ORG
0 O
Aston B-ORG
Villa I-ORG
1 O
( O
Townsend B-PER
34 O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

15,232 O

Sunderland B-ORG
1 O
( O
Melville B-PER
83 O
) O
Wimbledon B-LOC
3 O
( O
Ekoku B-PER
8 O
, O
29 O
, O
Holdsworth B-PER

89 O
) O
. O

0-2 O
. O

19,672 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
STANDINGS O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Scottish B-MISC
league O
standings O
after O

Saturday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulated O
- O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Premier O
division O

Rangers B-ORG
14 O
11 O
2 O
1 O
35 O
12 O
35 O

Celtic B-ORG
14 O
8 O
3 O
3 O
32 O
15 O
27 O

Aberdeen B-ORG
15 O
7 O
4 O
4 O
28 O
19 O
25 O

Hearts B-ORG
15 O
5 O
6 O
4 O
18 O
19 O
21 O

Hibernian B-ORG
15 O
5 O
3 O
7 O
16 O
25 O
18 O

Dundee B-ORG
United I-ORG
15 O
4 O
5 O
6 O
17 O
17 O
17 O

Motherwell B-ORG
15 O
4 O
5 O
6 O
17 O
23 O
17 O

Dunfermline B-ORG
14 O
4 O
5 O
5 O
19 O
27 O
17 O

Raith B-ORG
15 O
3 O
3 O
9 O
14 O
27 O
12 O

Kilmarnock B-ORG
14 O
3 O
2 O
9 O
17 O
29 O
11 O

Division O
One O

St B-ORG
Johnstone I-ORG
17 O
12 O
2 O
3 O
36 O
8 O
38 O

Falkirk B-ORG
17 O
9 O
2 O
6 O
18 O
15 O
29 O

Airdrieonians B-ORG
16 O
6 O
8 O
2 O
26 O
16 O
26 O

Dundee B-ORG
16 O
7 O
5 O
4 O
12 O
8 O
26 O

Partick B-ORG
16 O
6 O
6 O
4 O
23 O
16 O
24 O

St B-ORG
Mirren I-ORG
16 O
7 O
2 O
7 O
22 O
21 O
23 O

Greenock B-ORG
Morton I-ORG
16 O
6 O
4 O
6 O
17 O
16 O
22 O

Clydebank B-ORG
16 O
4 O
2 O
10 O
11 O
25 O
14 O

Stirling B-ORG
16 O
3 O
3 O
10 O
18 O
33 O
12 O

East B-ORG
Fife I-ORG
14 O
1 O
4 O
9 O
10 O
35 O
7 O

Division O
Two O

Ayr B-ORG
16 O
11 O
2 O
3 O
30 O
18 O
35 O

Livingston B-ORG
16 O
10 O
4 O
2 O
27 O
13 O
34 O

Hamilton B-ORG
15 O
9 O
4 O
2 O
31 O
11 O
31 O

Clyde B-ORG
15 O
6 O
4 O
5 O
21 O
20 O
22 O

Queen B-ORG
of I-ORG
South I-ORG
16 O
6 O
4 O
6 O
24 O
27 O
22 O

Stenhousemuir B-ORG
15 O
4 O
5 O
6 O
18 O
12 O
17 O

Stranraer B-ORG
15 O
5 O
2 O
8 O
13 O
21 O
17 O

Dumbarton B-ORG
16 O
4 O
4 O
8 O
18 O
29 O
16 O

Brechin B-ORG
16 O
3 O
6 O
7 O
14 O
20 O
15 O

Berwick B-ORG
16 O
1 O
3 O
12 O
16 O
41 O
6 O

Division O
Three O

Montrose B-ORG
17 O
9 O
3 O
5 O
30 O
25 O
30 O

Inverness B-ORG
Thistle I-ORG
16 O
8 O
5 O
3 O
28 O
20 O
29 O

Ross B-ORG
County I-ORG
17 O
8 O
3 O
6 O
27 O
23 O
27 O

Alloa B-ORG
16 O
7 O
4 O
5 O
24 O
21 O
25 O

Cowdenbeath B-ORG
15 O
7 O
3 O
5 O
22 O
16 O
24 O

Albion B-ORG
16 O
6 O
6 O
4 O
21 O
17 O
24 O

Forfar B-ORG
15 O
6 O
4 O
5 O
26 O
24 O
22 O

Queen B-ORG
's I-ORG
Park I-ORG
16 O
3 O
5 O
8 O
20 O
30 O
14 O

Arbroath B-ORG
16 O
2 O
6 O
8 O
12 O
23 O
12 O

East B-ORG
Stirling I-ORG
16 O
2 O
5 O
9 O
14 O
25 O
11 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Standings O
in O
English B-MISC
league O
soccer O

after O
Saturday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulated O
- O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Premier B-MISC
league I-MISC

Arsenal B-ORG
17 O
10 O
5 O
2 O
34 O
16 O
35 O

Wimbledon B-ORG
16 O
9 O
4 O
3 O
29 O
17 O
31 O

Liverpool B-ORG
16 O
9 O
4 O
3 O
26 O
14 O
31 O

Aston B-ORG
Villa I-ORG
17 O
9 O
3 O
5 O
22 O
15 O
30 O

Newcastle B-ORG
15 O
9 O
2 O
4 O
26 O
17 O
29 O

Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
15 O
7 O
5 O
3 O
29 O
22 O
26 O

Chelsea B-ORG
16 O
6 O
7 O
3 O
25 O
23 O
25 O

Everton B-ORG
16 O
6 O
6 O
4 O
25 O
20 O
24 O

Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
16 O
6 O
6 O
4 O
17 O
18 O
24 O

Tottenham B-ORG
16 O
7 O
2 O
7 O
17 O
17 O
23 O

Derby B-ORG
16 O
5 O
7 O
4 O
19 O
19 O
22 O

Leicester B-ORG
17 O
6 O
3 O
8 O
17 O
22 O
21 O

Leeds B-ORG
16 O
6 O
2 O
8 O
15 O
20 O
20 O

Sunderland B-ORG
16 O
4 O
5 O
7 O
14 O
21 O
17 O

West B-ORG
Ham I-ORG
16 O
4 O
5 O
7 O
13 O
20 O
17 O

Middlesbrough B-ORG
17 O
3 O
6 O
8 O
20 O
28 O
15 O

Blackburn B-ORG
16 O
2 O
7 O
7 O
16 O
21 O
13 O

Southampton B-ORG
17 O
3 O
4 O
10 O
24 O
32 O
13 O

Coventry B-ORG
16 O
1 O
7 O
8 O
10 O
23 O
10 O

Nottingham B-ORG
Forest I-ORG
15 O
1 O
6 O
8 O
12 O
25 O
9 O

Division O
One O

Bolton B-ORG
21 O
11 O
8 O
2 O
43 O
28 O
41 O

Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
21 O
11 O
6 O
4 O
38 O
20 O
39 O

Barnsley B-ORG
21 O
10 O
8 O
3 O
38 O
26 O
38 O

Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
21 O
9 O
8 O
4 O
46 O
22 O
35 O

Wolverhampton B-ORG
21 O
9 O
6 O
6 O
29 O
21 O
33 O

Tranmere B-ORG
22 O
9 O
5 O
8 O
31 O
26 O
32 O

Norwich B-ORG
20 O
9 O
5 O
6 O
27 O
21 O
32 O

Birmingham B-ORG
22 O
8 O
8 O
6 O
23 O
21 O
32 O

Oxford B-LOC
22 O
8 O
6 O
8 O
27 O
21 O
30 O

Stoke B-ORG
20 O
8 O
6 O
6 O
27 O
30 O
30 O

Swindon B-ORG
22 O
9 O
2 O
11 O
32 O
28 O
29 O

Charlton B-ORG
21 O
9 O
2 O
10 O
23 O
29 O
29 O

Huddersfield B-ORG
22 O
7 O
7 O
8 O
25 O
28 O
28 O

Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
22 O
7 O
7 O
8 O
25 O
28 O
28 O

Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
22 O
6 O
10 O
6 O
19 O
22 O
28 O

Ipswich B-ORG
22 O
6 O
8 O
8 O
27 O
32 O
26 O

Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
22 O
8 O
2 O
12 O
26 O
35 O
26 O

Portsmouth B-LOC
22 O
7 O
5 O
10 O
25 O
29 O
26 O

Reading B-ORG
22 O
7 O
5 O
10 O
25 O
33 O
26 O

West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
20 O
5 O
9 O
6 O
26 O
31 O
24 O

Southend B-ORG
22 O
5 O
9 O
8 O
23 O
36 O
24 O

Grimsby B-ORG
22 O
5 O
6 O
11 O
24 O
41 O
21 O

Bradford B-ORG
22 O
5 O
6 O
11 O
21 O
37 O
21 O

Oldham B-ORG
22 O
4 O
8 O
10 O
23 O
28 O
20 O

Division O
Two O

Brentford B-ORG
22 O
11 O
7 O
4 O
35 O
23 O
40 O

Millwall B-ORG
22 O
11 O
7 O
4 O
32 O
22 O
40 O

Bury B-ORG
21 O
11 O
6 O
4 O
33 O
20 O
39 O

Luton B-ORG
21 O
11 O
4 O
6 O
34 O
25 O
37 O

Burnley B-ORG
22 O
11 O
4 O
7 O
30 O
22 O
37 O

Chesterfield B-ORG
21 O
11 O
4 O
6 O
22 O
16 O
37 O

Stockport B-ORG
22 O
10 O
6 O
6 O
29 O
25 O
36 O

Watford B-ORG
21 O
9 O
9 O
3 O
24 O
18 O
36 O

Wrexham B-ORG
20 O
9 O
8 O
3 O
27 O
22 O
35 O

Crewe B-ORG
21 O
11 O
1 O
9 O
29 O
21 O
34 O

Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
21 O
9 O
6 O
6 O
36 O
23 O
33 O

Bristol B-ORG
Rovers I-ORG
22 O
7 O
7 O
8 O
22 O
23 O
28 O

Shrewsbury B-ORG
22 O
7 O
6 O
9 O
26 O
33 O
27 O

York B-ORG
21 O
7 O
5 O
9 O
23 O
29 O
26 O

Blackpool B-ORG
22 O
5 O
10 O
7 O
22 O
24 O
25 O

Walsall B-ORG
21 O
7 O
4 O
10 O
21 O
25 O
25 O

Gillingham B-ORG
22 O
7 O
4 O
11 O
21 O
27 O
25 O

Preston B-ORG
22 O
7 O
4 O
11 O
21 O
27 O
25 O

Bournemouth B-ORG
22 O
7 O
4 O
11 O
20 O
27 O
25 O

Plymouth B-ORG
22 O
5 O
8 O
9 O
24 O
31 O
23 O

Peterborough B-ORG
22 O
4 O
8 O
10 O
32 O
41 O
20 O

Notts B-ORG
County I-ORG
21 O
5 O
5 O
11 O
15 O
23 O
20 O

Wycombe B-ORG
22 O
4 O
5 O
13 O
17 O
33 O
17 O

Rotherham B-ORG
21 O
3 O
6 O
12 O
18 O
33 O
15 O

Division O
Three O

Fulham B-ORG
22 O
15 O
3 O
4 O
36 O
16 O
48 O

Cambridge B-ORG
22 O
13 O
3 O
6 O
33 O
27 O
42 O

Wigan B-ORG
21 O
12 O
4 O
5 O
39 O
24 O
40 O

Carlisle B-ORG
22 O
11 O
7 O
4 O
32 O
20 O
40 O

Cardiff B-ORG
21 O
10 O
4 O
7 O
25 O
22 O
34 O

Swansea B-ORG
22 O
9 O
5 O
8 O
25 O
25 O
32 O

Barnet B-ORG
22 O
8 O
8 O
6 O
23 O
17 O
32 O

Colchester B-ORG
22 O
7 O
10 O
5 O
32 O
26 O
31 O

Scunthorpe B-ORG
22 O
9 O
4 O
9 O
28 O
30 O
31 O

Northampton B-ORG
22 O
8 O
6 O
8 O
31 O
26 O
30 O

Scarborough B-ORG
21 O
7 O
9 O
5 O
30 O
27 O
30 O

Lincoln B-ORG
22 O
8 O
6 O
8 O
28 O
33 O
30 O

Chester B-ORG
21 O
8 O
6 O
7 O
23 O
23 O
30 O

Hull B-ORG
22 O
6 O
11 O
5 O
20 O
22 O
29 O

Torquay B-ORG
22 O
8 O
4 O
10 O
22 O
24 O
28 O

Rochdale B-ORG
21 O
6 O
8 O
7 O
27 O
26 O
26 O

Exeter B-ORG
22 O
7 O
5 O
10 O
21 O
28 O
26 O

Doncaster B-ORG
22 O
7 O
3 O
12 O
24 O
33 O
24 O

Mansfield B-ORG
21 O
5 O
9 O
7 O
21 O
22 O
24 O

Leyton B-ORG
Orient I-ORG
21 O
6 O
6 O
9 O
16 O
19 O
24 O

Hereford B-ORG
22 O
6 O
5 O
11 O
23 O
31 O
23 O

Darlington B-ORG
22 O
6 O
4 O
12 O
30 O
39 O
22 O

Hartlepool B-ORG
21 O
6 O
4 O
11 O
23 O
28 O
22 O

Brighton B-ORG
22 O
3 O
4 O
15 O
18 O
42 O
13 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
VIEIRA B-PER
SAVES O
ARSENAL B-ORG
WITH O
LAST-MINUTE O
EQUALISER O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Frenchman B-MISC
Patrick B-PER
Vieira I-PER
blasted O
a O
last-minute O
goal O
to O
salvage O
a O
2-2 O
draw O
for O
English B-MISC
premier O
league O
leaders O
Arsenal B-ORG
at O
home O
to O
Derby B-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
London B-LOC
club O
had O
been O
rocked O
by O
a O
two-goal O
burst O
from O
forwards O
Dean B-PER
Sturridge I-PER
and O
Darryl B-PER
Powell I-PER
in O
the O
62nd O
and O
71st O
minutes O
which O
overturned O
Arsenal B-ORG
's O
1-0 O
lead O
from O
a O
diving O
header O
by O
captain O
Tony B-PER
Adams I-PER
on O
the O
stroke O
of O
halftime O
. O

Liverpool B-ORG
suffered O
an O
upset O
first O
home O
league O
defeat O
of O
the O
season O
, O
beaten O
1-0 O
by O
a O
Guy B-PER
Whittingham I-PER
goal O
for O
Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
. O

Wimbledon B-ORG
leap-frogged O
over O
Liverpool B-ORG
into O
second O
place O
by O
winning O
3-1 O
at O
Sunderland B-ORG
to O
extend O
their O
unbeaten O
league O
and O
cup O
run O
to O
18 O
games O
. O

Two O
strikes O
by O
Efan B-PER
Ekoku I-PER
in O
the O
first O
half O
and O
a O
late O
goal O
from O
fellow O
forward O
Dean B-PER
Holdsworth I-PER
secured O
victory O
for O
Wimbledon B-ORG
, O
who O
trail O
pacemakers O
Arsenal B-ORG
by O
four O
points O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
AND O
CUP O
RESULTS O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
Scottish B-MISC
league O
and O
cup O

matches O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Premier O
division O

Dunfermline B-ORG
2 O
Aberdeen B-ORG
3 O

Hearts B-ORG
0 O
Raith B-ORG
0 O

Kilmarnock B-ORG
0 O
Dundee B-ORG
United I-ORG
2 O

Motherwell B-ORG
2 O
Celtic B-ORG
1 O

Rangers B-ORG
4 O
Hibernian B-ORG
3 O

Division O
one O

Dundee B-ORG
2 O
Falkirk B-ORG
0 O

Greenock B-ORG
Morton I-ORG
0 O
St B-ORG
Johnstone I-ORG
2 O

Postponed O
: O
Airdrieonians B-ORG
v O
Clydebank B-ORG
( O
to O
Wednesday O
) O
, O
East B-ORG

Fife B-ORG
v O
Partick B-ORG
, O
Stirling B-ORG
v O
St B-ORG
Mirren I-ORG
( O
to O
Tuesday O
) O

Division O
two O

Livingston B-ORG
2 O
Stenhousemuir B-ORG
1 O

Stranraer B-ORG
0 O
Brechin B-ORG
1 O

Division O
three O

Ross B-ORG
County I-ORG
4 O
Montrose B-ORG
4 O

Postponed O
: O
Forfar B-ORG
v O
Alloa B-ORG
, O
Inverness B-ORG
Thistle I-ORG
v O
Queen B-ORG
's I-ORG
Park I-ORG

Scottish B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
first O
round O

Alloa B-ORG
3 O
Hawick B-ORG
1 O

Elgin B-ORG
City I-ORG
0 O
Whitehill B-ORG
3 O

Postponed O
: O
Albion B-ORG
v O
Forfar B-ORG
, O
Huntly B-ORG
v O
Clyde B-ORG
( O
both O
now O
play O
on O

December O
14 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
AND O
CUP O
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
league O
and O
cup O

matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Premier B-MISC
league I-MISC

Arsenal B-ORG
2 O
Derby B-ORG
2 O

Chelsea B-ORG
2 O
Everton B-ORG
2 O

Coventry B-ORG
1 O
Tottenham B-ORG
2 O

Leicester B-ORG
1 O
Blackburn B-ORG
1 O

Liverpool B-ORG
0 O
Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
1 O

Middlesbrough B-ORG
0 O
Leeds B-ORG
0 O

Southampton B-ORG
0 O
Aston B-ORG
Villa I-ORG
1 O

Sunderland B-ORG
1 O
Wimbledon B-ORG
3 O

Division O
one O

Barnsley B-ORG
3 O
Southend B-ORG
0 O

Birmingham B-ORG
0 O
Grimsby B-ORG
0 O

Charlton B-ORG
2 O
Swindon B-ORG
0 O

Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
2 O
Oxford B-ORG
2 O

Huddersfield B-ORG
2 O
Norwich B-ORG
0 O

Ipswich B-ORG
0 O
Wolverhampton B-ORG
0 O

Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
3 O
Bradford B-ORG
2 O

Oldham B-ORG
0 O
Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
2 O

Reading B-ORG
0 O
Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
1 O

Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
1 O
Portsmouth B-ORG
0 O

Stoke B-ORG
2 O
Tranmere B-ORG
0 O

Playing O
Sunday O
: O
West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
v O
Bolton B-ORG

F.A. B-MISC
Challenge I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
second O
round O

Barnet B-ORG
3 O
Wycombe B-ORG
3 O

Blackpool B-ORG
0 O
Hednesford B-ORG
1 O

Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
9 O
St B-ORG
Albans I-ORG
2 O

Cambridge B-ORG
United I-ORG
0 O
Woking B-ORG
2 O

Carlisle B-ORG
1 O
Darlington B-ORG
0 O

Chester B-ORG
1 O
Boston B-ORG
0 O

Chesterfield B-ORG
2 O
Scarborough B-ORG
0 O

Enfield B-ORG
1 O
Peterborough B-ORG
1 O

Hull B-ORG
1 O
Crewe B-ORG
5 O

Leyton B-ORG
Orient I-ORG
1 O
Stevenage B-ORG
2 O

Luton B-ORG
2 O
Boreham B-ORG
Wood I-ORG
1 O

Mansfield B-ORG
0 O
Stockport B-ORG
3 O

Notts B-ORG
County I-ORG
3 O
Rochdale B-ORG
1 O

Preston B-ORG
2 O
York B-ORG
3 O

Sudbury B-ORG
Town I-ORG
1 O
Brentford B-ORG
3 O

Walsall B-ORG
1 O
Burnley B-ORG
1 O

Watford B-ORG
5 O
Ashford B-ORG
Town I-ORG
0 O

Wrexham B-ORG
2 O
Scunthorpe B-ORG
2 O

Cardiff B-ORG
0 O
Gillingham B-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
CAMPESE B-PER
SIGNS O
OFF O
WITH O
TRY O
IN O
WALLABY B-LOC
ROMP O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Australia B-LOC
bade O
farewell O
to O
David B-PER
Campese I-PER
in O
spectacular O
fashion O
by O
overwhelming O
the O
Barbarians B-ORG
39-12 O
in O
the O
final O
match O
of O
their O
European B-MISC
tour O
at O
Twickenham B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
Wallabies B-ORG
ran O
in O
five O
tries O
with O
Campese B-PER
, O
who O
has O
retired O
from O
test O
rugby O
after O
collecting O
101 O
caps O
and O
a O
world O
record O
64 O
tries O
, O
adding O
one O
last O
touchdown O
in O
a O
Wallaby B-ORG
jersey O
before O
departing O
the O
international O
game O
. O

The O
Barbarians B-ORG
included O
14 O
internationals O
but O
, O
with O
only O
two O
pre-match O
practice O
sessions O
behind O
them O
, O
proved O
no O
real O
match O
for O
a O
Wallaby B-ORG
side O
determined O
to O
finish O
their O
12-match O
tour O
unbeaten O
. O

The O
touring O
team O
were O
27-0 O
ahead O
by O
half-time O
before O
easing O
up O
in O
the O
second-half O
. O

Full-back O
Matthew B-PER
Burke I-PER
finished O
with O
a O
personal O
haul O
of O
24 O
points O
to O
take O
his O
tour O
aggregate O
to O
136 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
BEAT O
BARBARIANS B-ORG
39-12 O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Australia B-LOC
beat O
the O
Barbarians B-ORG
39-12 O
( O
halftime O
27-0 O
) O
in O
the O
final O
match O
of O
their O
European B-MISC
tour O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Scorers O
: O

Australia B-LOC
- O
Tries O
: O
Matthew B-PER
Burke I-PER
( O
2 O
) O
, O
Joe B-PER
Roff I-PER
, O
David B-PER
Campese I-PER
, O
Tim B-PER
Horan I-PER
. O

Penalties O
: O
Burke B-PER
( O
2 O
) O
. O

Conversions O
: O
Burke B-PER
( O
4 O
) O
. O

Barbarians B-ORG
- O
Tries O
: O
Alan B-PER
Bateman I-PER
, O
Scott B-PER
Quinnell I-PER
. O

Conversion O
: O
Rob B-PER
Andrew I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
ZIMBABWE B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
THIRD O
ROUND O
SCORES O
. O

HARARE B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Leading O
third O
round O
scores O
in O
the O

Zimbabwe B-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Saturday O
( O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
unless O
stated O
) O
: O

201 O
Mark B-PER
McNulty I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
72 O
61 O
68 O

205 O
Des B-PER
Terblanche I-PER
65 O
67 O
73 O

206 O
Nick B-PER
Price I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
68 O
68 O
70 O

207 O
Clinton B-PER
Whitelaw I-PER
70 O
70 O
67 O
, O
Mark B-PER
Cayeux I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O

69 O
69 O
69 O
, O
Justin B-PER
Hobday I-PER
71 O
65 O
71 O

209 O
Steve B-PER
van I-PER
Vuuren I-PER
65 O
69 O
75 O

210 O
Brett B-PER
Liddle I-PER
75 O
65 O
70 O

211 O
Hugh B-PER
Baiocchi I-PER
73 O
67 O
71 O
, O
Greg B-PER
Reid I-PER
72 O
68 O
71 O
, O
Mark B-PER

Murless B-PER
71 O
67 O
73 O

212 O
Trevor B-PER
Dodds I-PER
( O
Namibia B-LOC
) O
72 O
69 O
71 O
, O
Schalk B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER

Merwe B-PER
( O
Namibia B-LOC
) O
67 O
73 O
72 O
, O
Hennie B-PER
Swart I-PER
75 O
64 O
73 O
, O

Andrew B-PER
Pitts I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
69 O
67 O
76 O

213 O
Sean B-PER
Farrell I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
77 O
68 O
68 O
, O
Glen B-PER
Cayeux I-PER

( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
75 O
68 O
70 O
, O
Nic B-PER
Henning I-PER
73 O
70 O
70 O
, O
Dion B-PER

Fourie B-PER
69 O
73 O
71 O

214 O
Steven B-PER
Waltman I-PER
72 O
70 O
72 O
, O
Bradford B-PER
Vaughan I-PER
72 O
71 O

71 O
, O
Andrew B-PER
Park I-PER
72 O
67 O
75 O
, O
Desvonde B-PER
Botes I-PER
72 O
68 O
74 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
REINSTATED O
ALBANIA B-LOC
NAMES O
SQUAD O
TO O
PLAY O
N.IRELAND B-LOC
. O

TIRANA B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Albanian B-MISC
coach O
Astrit B-PER
Hafizi I-PER
said O
on O
Saturday O
it O
was O
important O
that O
his O
players O
brush O
aside O
the O
country O
's O
short O
ban O
by O
FIFA B-ORG
in O
order O
to O
concentrate O
on O
next O
Saturday'sWorld B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
group O
nine O
qualifier O
against O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
. O

World O
soccer O
's O
governing O
body O
reinstated O
Albania B-LOC
last O
Tuesday O
after O
the O
Balkan B-LOC
country O
's O
government O
lifted O
suspensions O
on O
various O
soccer O
officials O
. O

FIFA B-ORG
had O
banned O
Albania B-LOC
indefinitely O
after O
its O
sports O
ministry O
had O
ordered O
the O
suspension O
of O
Albanian B-ORG
Football I-ORG
Association I-ORG
general O
secretary O
Eduard B-PER
Dervishi I-PER
and O
dissolved O
the O
executive O
committee O
. O

" O
We O
would O
be O
very O
happy O
with O
a O
draw O
in O
Belfast B-LOC
, O
" O
said O
Hafizi B-PER
. O
" O

Especially O
if O
one O
takes O
into O
consideration O
our O
difficult O
post-suspension O
situation O
and O
the O
fact O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
is O
very O
keen O
to O
win O
. O
" O

Regular O
defender O
Artur B-PER
Lekbello I-PER
, O
who O
is O
injured O
, O
was O
missing O
from O
Hafizi B-PER
's O
squad O
named O
on O
Saturday O
for O
the O
Belfast B-LOC
match O
. O

Squad O
: O

Goalkeepers O
- O
Blendi B-PER
Nallbani I-PER
, O
Armir B-PER
Grima I-PER

Defenders O
- O
Rudi B-PER
Vata I-PER
, O
Saimir B-PER
Malko I-PER
, O
Arjan B-PER
Xhumba I-PER
, O
Ilir B-PER
Shulku I-PER
, O
Afrim B-PER
Tole I-PER
, O
Nevil B-PER
Dede I-PER
, O
Arjan B-PER
Bellai I-PER

Midfielders O
- O
Bledar B-PER
Kola I-PER
, O
Altin B-PER
Haxhi I-PER
, O
Sokol B-PER
Prenga I-PER
, O
Ervin B-PER
Fakaj I-PER

Forwards O
- O
Altin B-PER
Rraklli I-PER
, O
Viktor B-PER
Paco I-PER
, O
Fatmir B-PER
Vata I-PER
, O
Erjon B-PER
Bogdani I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
JONES B-PER
HITS O
CENTURY O
AS O
VICTORIA B-ORG
FIGHT O
BACK O
. O

HOBART B-LOC
, O
Australia B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Former O
Australia B-LOC
test O
batsman O
Dean B-PER
Jones I-PER
hit O
an O
unbeaten O
130 O
to O
lead O
Victoria B-LOC
's O
fightback O
in O
their O
Sheffield B-MISC
Shield I-MISC
match O
against O
Tasmania B-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

Replying O
to O
the O
home O
side O
's O
first O
innings O
481 O
for O
eight O
declared O
, O
Victoria B-LOC
reached O
220 O
for O
three O
at O
close O
of O
play O
on O
the O
second O
day O
of O
the O
four-day O
match O
at O
Hobart B-LOC
's O
Bellerive B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
. O

Jones B-PER
became O
the O
fourth O
century-maker O
of O
the O
match O
, O
equalling O
the O
feats O
of O
Tasmanian B-MISC
trio O
David B-PER
Boon I-PER
, O
Shaun B-PER
Young I-PER
and O
Michael B-PER
DiVenuto I-PER
. O

Jones B-PER
, O
who O
took O
over O
as O
captain O
for O
the O
match O
in O
the O
absence O
of O
Australia B-LOC
test O
leg-spinner O
Shane B-PER
Warne I-PER
, O
added O
195 O
runs O
for O
the O
third O
wicket O
with O
left-hander O
Laurie B-PER
Harper I-PER
. O

Harper B-PER
was O
eventually O
dismissed O
for O
77 O
after O
the O
pair O
joined O
forces O
with O
their O
side O
reeling O
on O
nine O
for O
two O
. O

Earlier O
, O
former O
Australia B-LOC
test O
batsman O
David B-PER
Boon I-PER
scored O
118 O
and O
all-rounder O
Shaun B-PER
Young I-PER
hit O
113 O
. O

The O
pair O
hammered O
36 O
boundaries O
between O
them O
. O

Pace B-PER
bowler O
Ian B-PER
Harvey I-PER
claimed O
three O
for O
81 O
for O
Victoria B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
SHEFFIELD B-MISC
SHIELD I-MISC
SCORE O
. O

HOBART B-LOC
, O
Australia B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Close O
of O
play O
score O
on O
the O
second O
day O
of O
the O
four-day O
Sheffield B-MISC
Shield I-MISC
cricket O
match O
between O
Tasmania B-ORG
and O
Victoria B-ORG
at O
Bellerive B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Saturday O
: O

Tasmania B-ORG
481 O
for O
eight O
declared O
( O
Michael B-PER
DiVenuto I-PER
119 O
, O
David B-PER
Boon I-PER
118 O
, O
Shaun B-PER
Young I-PER
113 O
) O
; O
Victoria B-ORG
220 O
for O
three O
( O
Dean B-PER
Jones I-PER
130 O
not O
out O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SOUTH B-LOC
KOREA I-LOC
MOVE O
CLOSE O
TO O
QUARTER-FINAL O
BERTH O
. O

ABU B-LOC
DHABI I-LOC
1996-12-07 O

South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
made O
virtually O
certain O
of O
an O
Asian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
quarter-final O
spot O
with O
a O
4-2 O
win O
over O
Indonesia B-LOC
in O
a O
Group O
A O
match O
on O
Saturday O
. O

After O
going O
four O
up O
in O
the O
first O
55 O
minutes O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
allowed O
Indonesia B-LOC
, O
newcomers O
to O
Asian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
finals O
, O
back O
into O
the O
match O
, O
conceding O
two O
goals O
from O
rare O
counter O
attacks O
. O

Kim B-PER
Do I-PER
Hoon I-PER
opened O
the O
scoring O
for O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
in O
only O
the O
fifth O
minute O
, O
turning O
unmarked O
on O
the O
penalty O
spot O
to O
fire O
a O
shot O
into O
the O
top O
corner O
. O

It O
looked O
like O
turning O
into O
a O
rout O
as O
Hwang B-PER
Sun I-PER
Hong I-PER
rapidly O
added O
two O
more O
in O
the O
seventh O
and O
15th O
minutes O
but O
although O
the O
Koreans B-MISC
continued O
to O
dominate O
they O
failed O
to O
add O
to O
the O
score O
before O
the O
interval O
. O

But O
they O
started O
the O
second O
half O
where O
they O
had O
left O
off O
and O
it O
was O
not O
long O
before O
they O
went O
four O
up O
, O
Ko B-PER
Jeong I-PER
Woon I-PER
heading O
in O
from O
a O
free O
kick O
in O
the O
55th O
minute O
. O

The O
Koreans B-MISC
then O
appeared O
to O
relax O
, O
allowing O
the O
Indonesians B-MISC
to O
get O
back O
into O
the O
match O
. O

Ronny B-PER
Wabia I-PER
scored O
for O
Indonesia B-LOC
three O
minutes O
later O
direct O
from O
a O
a O
corner O
kick O
that O
Korean B-MISC
goalkeeper O
Kim B-PER
Byung I-PER
reached O
with O
one O
hand O
but O
failed O
to O
keep O
out O
. O

With O
65 O
minutes O
gone O
Indonesia B-LOC
's O
Widodo B-PER
Putra I-PER
, O
who O
scored O
a O
spectacular O
goal O
against O
Kuwait B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
, O
was O
again O
on O
target O
, O
breaking O
through O
the O
Korean B-MISC
defence O
to O
beat O
the O
keeper O
with O
a O
low O
shot O
. O

Indonesian B-MISC
keeper O
Hendro B-PER
Kartiko I-PER
produced O
a O
string O
of O
fine O
saves O
to O
prevent O
the O
Koreans B-MISC
increasing O
their O
lead O
. O

Teams O
: O

Indonesia B-LOC
: O
20 O
- O
Hendro B-PER
Kartiko I-PER
; O
2 O
- O
Agung B-PER
Setyabudi I-PER
; O
3 O
- O
Suwandi B-PER
Siswoyo I-PER
; O
4 O
- O
Yeyen B-PER
Tumera I-PER
; O
5 O
- O
Aples B-PER
Tecuari I-PER
; O
6 O
- O
Sudiriman B-PER
; O
7 O
- O
Widodo B-PER
Gahyo I-PER
Purta I-PER
; O
8 O
- O
Ronny B-PER
Wabia I-PER
; O
11 O
- O
Bima B-PER
Sakti I-PER
; O
12 O
- O
Chris B-PER
Yarangga I-PER
( O
15 O
- O
Francis B-PER
Wewengken I-PER
36 O
) O
; O
16 O
- O
Marzuki B-PER
Badriawan I-PER
. O

South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
: O
1 O
- O
Kim B-PER
Byung I-PER
Ji I-PER
; O
2 O
- O
Kim B-PER
Pan I-PER
Keun I-PER
; O
5 O
- O
Huh B-PER
Ki I-PER
Tae I-PER
; O
8 O
- O
Roh B-PER
Sang I-PER
Rae I-PER
( O
7 O
- O
Sin B-PER
Tae I-PER
Yong I-PER
33 O
) O
; O
9 O
- O
Kim B-PER
Do I-PER
Hoon I-PER
; O
11 O
- O
Ko B-PER
Jeong I-PER
Woon I-PER
; O
17 O
- O
Ha B-PER
Seok I-PER
Ju I-PER
; O
18 O
- O
Hwang B-PER
Sun I-PER
Hong I-PER
; O
22 O
- O
Lee B-PER
Young I-PER
Jin I-PER
; O
23 O
- O
Yoo B-PER
Sang I-PER
Chul I-PER
; O
24 O
- O
Kim B-PER
Joo I-PER
Sung I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ISRAELI B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
first O
division O
soccer O

matches O
played O
over O
the O
weekend O
: O

Zafririm B-ORG
Holon I-ORG
1 O
Hapoel B-ORG
Petah I-ORG
Tikva I-ORG
1 O

Maccabi B-ORG
Haifa I-ORG
1 O
Hapoel B-ORG
Taibe I-ORG
1 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Kfar I-ORG
Sava I-ORG
1 O
Bnei B-ORG
Yehuda I-ORG
0 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Tel I-ORG
Aviv I-ORG
1 O
Betar B-ORG
Jerusalem I-ORG
4 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Jerusalem I-ORG
0 O
Maccabi B-ORG
Tel I-ORG
Aviv I-ORG
4 O

Ironi B-ORG
Rishon I-ORG
Lezion I-ORG
1 O
Maccabi B-ORG
Herzliya I-ORG
0 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Beit I-ORG
She'an I-ORG
2 O
Hapoel B-ORG
Beersheba I-ORG
1 O

Maccabi B-ORG
Petah I-ORG
Tikva I-ORG
0 O
Hapoel B-ORG
Haifa I-ORG
2 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Betar B-ORG
Jerusalem I-ORG
12 O
10 O
2 O
0 O
28 O
7 O
32 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Petah I-ORG
Tikva I-ORG
12 O
9 O
2 O
1 O
27 O
13 O
29 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Beersheba I-ORG
12 O
8 O
0 O
4 O
18 O
9 O
24 O

Maccabi B-ORG
Tel I-ORG
Aviv I-ORG
12 O
6 O
4 O
2 O
21 O
14 O
22 O

Maccabi B-ORG
Petah I-ORG
Tikva I-ORG
12 O
6 O
2 O
4 O
14 O
12 O
20 O

Bnei B-ORG
Yehuda I-ORG
12 O
6 O
2 O
4 O
15 O
15 O
20 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Haifa I-ORG
12 O
6 O
1 O
5 O
21 O
16 O
19 O

Maccabi B-ORG
Haifa I-ORG
12 O
4 O
4 O
4 O
14 O
15 O
16 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Kfar I-ORG
Sava I-ORG
12 O
5 O
1 O
6 O
10 O
11 O
16 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Jerusalem I-ORG
12 O
4 O
1 O
7 O
10 O
18 O
13 O

Ironi B-ORG
Rishon I-ORG
Lezion O
12 O
4 O
1 O
7 O
13 O
24 O
13 O

Zafririm B-ORG
Holon I-ORG
12 O
2 O
4 O
6 O
8 O
14 O
10 O

Maccabi B-ORG
Herzliya I-ORG
12 O
3 O
1 O
8 O
5 O
12 O
10 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Taiba I-ORG
12 O
3 O
1 O
8 O
10 O
21 O
10 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Beit I-ORG
She'an I-ORG
12 O
2 O
3 O
7 O
9 O
13 O
9 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Tel I-ORG
Aviv I-ORG
12 O
2 O
3 O
7 O
7 O
16 O
9 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ASIAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

ABU B-LOC
DHABI I-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
Asian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
group O
A O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

United B-LOC
Arab I-LOC
Emirates I-LOC
3 O
Kuwait B-LOC
2 O
( O
halftime O
0-2 O
) O

Scorers O
: O

UAE B-LOC
- O
Hassan B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
53 O
, O
Adnan B-PER
Al I-PER
Talyani I-PER
55 O
, O
Bakhit B-PER
Saad I-PER
80 O

Kuwait B-LOC
- O
Jassem B-PER
Al-Huwaidi I-PER
9 O
, O
44 O

Attendance O
: O
15,000 O

South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
4 O
Indonesia B-LOC
2 O
( O
3-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O

South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
- O
Kim B-PER
Do I-PER
Hoon I-PER
5 O
, O
Hwang B-PER
Sun I-PER
Hong I-PER
7 O
and O
15 O
, O
Koo B-PER

Jeon B-PER
Woon I-PER
55 O

Indonesia B-LOC
- O
Ronny B-PER
Wabia I-PER
58 O
, O
Widodo B-PER
Putra I-PER
65 O

Attendance O
: O
2,000 O

Group O
A O
standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
: O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

goals O
for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
4 O

UAE B-LOC
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
4 O

Kuwait B-LOC
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
1 O

Indonesia B-LOC
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
6 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

NBA B-ORG
BASKETBALL O
- O
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
FRIDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Standings O
of O
National B-ORG

Basketball B-ORG
Association I-ORG
teams O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O

( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O
lost O
, O
percentage O
, O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

EASTERN O
CONFERENCE O

ATLANTIC B-LOC
DIVISION O

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

MIAMI B-ORG
14 O
5 O
.737 O
- O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
11 O
6 O
.647 O
2 O

ORLANDO B-ORG
8 O
7 O
.533 O
4 O

WASHINGTON B-ORG
7 O
9 O
.438 O
5 O
1/2 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
7 O
10 O
.412 O
6 O

NEW B-ORG
JERSEY I-ORG
4 O
10 O
.286 O
7 O
1/2 O

BOSTON B-ORG
4 O
13 O
.235 O
9 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

CHICAGO B-ORG
17 O
1 O
.944 O
- O

DETROIT B-ORG
14 O
3 O
.824 O
2 O
1/2 O

CLEVELAND B-ORG
11 O
6 O
.647 O
5 O
1/2 O

ATLANTA B-ORG
10 O
8 O
.556 O
7 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
8 O
8 O
.500 O
8 O

INDIANA B-ORG
8 O
8 O
.500 O
8 O

CHARLOTTE B-ORG
8 O
9 O
.471 O
8 O
1/2 O

TORONTO B-ORG
6 O
11 O
.353 O
10 O
1/2 O

WESTERN O
CONFERENCE O

MIDWEST O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

HOUSTON B-ORG
16 O
2 O
.889 O
- O

UTAH B-ORG
15 O
2 O
.882 O
1/2 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
7 O
11 O
.389 O
9 O

DALLAS B-ORG
6 O
11 O
.353 O
9 O
1/2 O

DENVER B-ORG
5 O
14 O
.263 O
11 O
1/2 O

SAN B-ORG
ANTONIO I-ORG
3 O
14 O
.176 O
12 O
1/2 O

VANCOUVER B-ORG
3 O
16 O
.158 O
13 O
1/2 O

PACIFIC B-LOC
DIVISION O

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

SEATTLE B-ORG
15 O
5 O
.750 O
- O

LA B-ORG
LAKERS I-ORG
14 O
7 O
.667 O
1 O
1/2 O

PORTLAND B-ORG
12 O
8 O
.600 O
3 O

LA B-ORG
CLIPPERS I-ORG
7 O
11 O
.389 O
7 O

GOLDEN B-ORG
STATE I-ORG
6 O
13 O
.316 O
8 O
1/2 O

SACRAMENTO B-ORG
6 O
13 O
.316 O
8 O
1/2 O

PHOENIX B-ORG
3 O
14 O
.176 O
10 O
1/2 O

SATURDAY O
, O
DECEMBER O
7 O
SCHEDULE O

TORONTO B-ORG
AT O
ATLANTA B-LOC

LA B-ORG
CLIPPERS I-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
AT O
WASHINGTON B-LOC

DETROIT B-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
JERSEY I-LOC

MIAMI B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

VANCOUVER B-ORG
AT O
DALLAS B-LOC

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

UTAH B-ORG
AT O
DENVER B-LOC

CHARLOTTE B-ORG
AT O
SEATTLE B-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

NBA B-ORG
BASKETBALL O
- O
FRIDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
National B-ORG
Basketball I-ORG

Association B-ORG
games O
on O
Friday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

New B-ORG
Jersey I-ORG
110 O
BOSTON B-ORG
108 O
( O
OT O
) O

DETROIT B-ORG
93 O
Cleveland B-ORG
81 O

New B-ORG
York I-ORG
103 O
MIAMI B-ORG
85 O

Phoenix B-ORG
101 O
SACRAMENTO B-ORG
95 O

Vancouver B-ORG
105 O
SAN B-ORG
ANTONIO I-ORG
89 O

UTAH B-ORG
106 O
Minnesota B-ORG
95 O

PORTLAND B-ORG
97 O
Charlotte B-ORG
93 O

Indiana B-ORG
86 O
GOLDEN B-ORG
STATE I-ORG
71 O

LA B-ORG
LAKERS I-ORG
92 O
Orlando B-ORG
81 O

-DOCSTART- O

NHL B-ORG
ICE O
HOCKEY O
- O
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
FRIDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Standings O
of O
National B-ORG
Hockey I-ORG

League B-ORG
teams O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
tied O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

EASTERN O
CONFERENCE O

NORTHEAST O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
GF O
GA O
PTS O

HARTFORD B-ORG
12 O
7 O
6 O
77 O
76 O
30 O

BUFFALO B-ORG
13 O
12 O
2 O
78 O
77 O
28 O

MONTREAL B-ORG
11 O
14 O
4 O
99 O
104 O
26 O

BOSTON B-ORG
10 O
11 O
4 O
74 O
84 O
24 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
10 O
13 O
3 O
86 O
94 O
23 O

OTTAWA B-ORG
7 O
12 O
6 O
64 O
77 O
20 O

ATLANTIC B-LOC
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
GF O
GA O
PTS O

FLORIDA B-ORG
17 O
4 O
6 O
83 O
53 O
40 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
15 O
12 O
2 O
81 O
78 O
32 O

NEW B-ORG
JERSEY I-ORG
14 O
10 O
1 O
61 O
61 O
29 O

WASHINGTON B-ORG
13 O
13 O
1 O
72 O
71 O
27 O

NY B-ORG
RANGERS I-ORG
11 O
13 O
5 O
97 O
86 O
27 O

NY B-ORG
ISLANDERS I-ORG
7 O
11 O
8 O
65 O
72 O
22 O

TAMPA B-ORG
BAY I-ORG
8 O
15 O
2 O
69 O
81 O
18 O

WESTERN O
CONFERENCE O

CENTRAL O
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
GF O
GA O
PTS O

DETROIT B-ORG
15 O
9 O
4 O
81 O
53 O
34 O

DALLAS B-ORG
16 O
10 O
1 O
77 O
66 O
33 O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
14 O
14 O
0 O
82 O
84 O
28 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
12 O
13 O
3 O
72 O
70 O
27 O

TORONTO B-ORG
11 O
16 O
0 O
81 O
95 O
22 O

PHOENIX B-ORG
9 O
13 O
4 O
61 O
74 O
22 O

PACIFIC B-LOC
DIVISION O

W O
L O
T O
GF O
GA O
PTS O

COLORADO B-ORG
17 O
7 O
4 O
100 O
60 O
38 O

VANCOUVER B-ORG
14 O
11 O
1 O
84 O
83 O
29 O

EDMONTON B-ORG
14 O
14 O
1 O
99 O
90 O
29 O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
11 O
13 O
3 O
72 O
83 O
25 O

SAN B-ORG
JOSE I-ORG
10 O
13 O
4 O
69 O
87 O
24 O

ANAHEIM B-ORG
9 O
14 O
5 O
74 O
87 O
23 O

CALGARY B-ORG
10 O
16 O
2 O
65 O
77 O
22 O

SATURDAY O
, O
DECEMBER O
7 O
SCHEDULE O

PHOENIX B-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
JERSEY I-LOC

CALGARY B-ORG
AT O
BOSTON B-LOC

BUFFALO B-ORG
AT O
HARTFORD B-LOC

WASHINGTON B-ORG
AT O
NY B-LOC
ISLANDERS I-LOC

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
MONTREAL B-LOC

NY B-ORG
RANGERS I-ORG
AT O
TORONTO B-LOC

ANAHEIM B-ORG
AT O
PITTSBURGH B-LOC

COLORADO B-ORG
AT O
LOS B-LOC
ANGELES I-LOC

TAMPA B-ORG
BAY I-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
JOSE I-LOC

OTTAWA B-ORG
AT O
VANCOUVER B-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

NHL B-ORG
ICE O
HOCKEY O
- O
FRIDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Results O
of O
National B-ORG
Hockey I-ORG

League B-ORG
games O
on O
Friday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

NY B-ORG
RANGERS I-ORG
6 O
Toronto B-ORG
5 O

BUFFALO B-ORG
1 O
Anaheim B-ORG
1 O
( O
OT O
) O

Pittsburgh B-ORG
5 O
WASHINGTON B-ORG
3 O

Montreal B-ORG
3 O
CHICAGO B-ORG
1 O

Philadelphia B-LOC
6 O
DALLAS B-LOC
3 O

St B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
4 O
COLORADO B-LOC
3 O

EDMONTON B-LOC
5 O
Ottawa B-LOC
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

NHL B-ORG
ICE O
HOCKEY O
- O
CANUCKS B-ORG
RW O
BURE B-PER
SUSPENDED O
FOR O
ONE O
GAME O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-12-06 O

Vancouver B-ORG
Canucks I-ORG
star O
right O
wing O
Pavel B-PER
Bure I-PER
was O
suspended O
for O
one O
game O
by O
the O
National B-ORG
Hockey I-ORG
League I-ORG
and O
fined O
$ O
1,000 O
Friday O
for O
his O
hit O
on O
Buffalo B-ORG
Sabres I-ORG
defenceman O
Garry B-PER
Galley I-PER
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Bure B-PER
received O
a O
double-minor O
penalty O
for O
high-sticking O
with O
2:22 O
left O
in O
the O
first O
period O
of O
Wednesday O
's O
7-6 O
overtime O
win O
by O
Vancouver B-ORG
after O
colliding O
with O
Galley B-PER
in O
Buffalo B-ORG
zone O
. O

Galley B-PER
suffered O
a O
concussion O
and O
did O
not O
return O
to O
the O
game O
. O

" O
Mr O
Bure B-PER
left O
his O
feet O
to O
deliver O
a O
forearm O
blow O
to O
Mr O
Galley B-PER
as O
he O
was O
about O
to O
be O
checked O
legally O
by O
his O
opponent O
, O
" O
said O
NHL B-ORG
discipline O
chief O
Brian B-PER
Burke I-PER
in O
handing O
out O
the O
suspension O
. O

" O
Although O
it O
is O
clear O
from O
the O
videotape O
that O
Mr O
Bure B-PER
's O
actions O
were O
a O
reaction O
to O
the O
impending O
hit O
and O
there O
was O
no O
intent O
to O
injure O
his O
opponent O
, O
there O
can O
be O
no O
excuse O
for O
this O
type O
of O
conduct O
, O
" O
Burke B-PER
said O
. O

Bure B-PER
, O
who O
is O
struggling O
with O
only O
nine O
goals O
and O
12 O
assists O
in O
26 O
games O
, O
will O
miss O
Saturday O
's O
home O
game O
against O
Ottawa B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BOXING O
- O
SCHULZ B-PER
DEFEATS O
RIBALTA B-PER
IN O
IBF B-ORG
HEAVYWEIGHT O
FIGHT O
. O

VIENNA B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

German B-MISC
Axel B-PER
Schulz I-PER
outpointed O
Cuba B-LOC
's O
Jose B-PER
Ribalta I-PER
in O
their O
International B-ORG
Boxing I-ORG
Federation I-ORG
non-title O
10-round O
heavyweight O
fight O
on O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SPANISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARY O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Summary O
of O
Saturday O
's O
Spanish B-MISC
first O
division O
match O
: O

Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
2 O
( O
Davor B-PER
Suker I-PER
24 O
, O
Predrag B-PER
Mijatovic I-PER
48 O
) O
Barcelona B-ORG
0 O
. O

Halftime O
1-0 O
. O

Attendance O
106,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BALKAN B-LOC
STRIKE O
FORCE O
WIN O
OLD O
FIRM O
GAME O
FOR O
REAL B-ORG
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
's O
Balkan B-LOC
strike O
force O
of O
Davor B-PER
Suker I-PER
and O
Predrag B-PER
Mijatovic I-PER
shot O
their O
side O
to O
a O
2-0 O
win O
over O
Barcelona B-ORG
in O
Spain B-LOC
's O
old O
firm O
game O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
result O
leaves O
Real B-ORG
on O
38 O
points O
after O
16 O
games O
, O
four O
ahead O
of O
Barcelona B-ORG
. O

With O
just O
one O
league O
match O
scheduled O
before O
the O
New O
Year O
break O
, O
Real B-ORG
are O
also O
assured O
of O
spending O
Christmas O
ahead O
of O
their O
arch-rivals O
. O

A O
mix-up O
in O
the O
Barcelona B-ORG
defence O
let O
Croatian B-MISC
international O
Suker B-PER
in O
midway O
through O
the O
first O
half O
, O
and O
Montenegrin B-MISC
striker O
Mijatovic B-PER
made O
it O
2-0 O
after O
fine O
work O
by O
Clarence B-PER
Seedorf I-PER
just O
after O
the O
break O
. O

Barcelona B-ORG
fought O
back O
strongly O
but O
were O
twice O
denied O
by O
the O
woodwork O
on O
an O
unusually O
quiet O
night O
for O
Brazilian B-MISC
striker O
Ronaldo B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
PSV B-ORG
HIT O
VOLENDAM B-ORG
FOR O
SIX O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Brazilian B-MISC
striker O
Marcelo B-PER
and O
Yugoslav B-MISC
midfielder O
Zeljko B-PER
Petrovic I-PER
each O
scored O
twice O
as O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O
leaders O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
romped O
to O
a O
6-0 O
win O
over O
Volendam B-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

Their O
other O
marksmen O
were O
Brazilian B-MISC
defender O
Vampeta B-PER
and O
Belgian B-MISC
striker O
Luc B-PER
Nilis I-PER
, O
his O
14th O
of O
the O
season O
. O

PSV B-ORG
, O
well O
on O
the O
way O
to O
their O
14th O
league O
title O
, O
outgunned O
Volendam B-ORG
in O
every O
department O
of O
the O
game O
. O

They O
boast O
a O
nine-point O
lead O
over O
Feyenoord B-ORG
, O
who O
have O
two O
games O
in O
hand O
, O
and O
are O
16 O
points O
clear O
of O
champions O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
, O
who O
have O
played O
18 O
matches O
compared O
to O
PSV B-ORG
's O
19 O
. O

Ajax B-ORG
face O
AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
away O
on O
Sunday O
and O
Feyenoord B-ORG
, O
eliminated O
from O
the O
UEFA B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
after O
losing O
4-2 O
on O
aggregate O
to O
Tenerife B-ORG
on O
Tuesday O
, O
travel O
to O
De B-ORG
Graafschap I-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
. O

The O
Doetinchem B-ORG
side O
, O
dubbed O
" O
The B-ORG
Super I-ORG
Peasants I-ORG
" O
, O
are O
one O
of O
the O
surprise O
packages O
of O
the O
season O
. O

They O
are O
fourth O
in O
the O
table O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SPANISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULT O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Result O
of O
Saturday O
's O
only O
Spanish B-MISC

first O
division O
match O
: O

Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
2 O
Barcelona B-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
games O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

goals O
for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
16 O
11 O
5 O
0 O
32 O
12 O
38 O

Barcelona B-ORG
16 O
10 O
4 O
2 O
46 O
21 O
34 O

Deportivo B-ORG
Coruna I-ORG
15 O
9 O
6 O
0 O
23 O
7 O
33 O

Real B-ORG
Betis I-ORG
15 O
8 O
5 O
2 O
28 O
13 O
29 O

Atletico B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
15 O
8 O
3 O
4 O
26 O
17 O
27 O

Athletic B-ORG
Bilbao I-ORG
15 O
7 O
4 O
4 O
28 O
22 O
25 O

Real B-ORG
Sociedad I-ORG
15 O
7 O
3 O
5 O
20 O
18 O
24 O

Valladolid B-ORG
15 O
7 O
3 O
5 O
19 O
18 O
24 O

Racing B-ORG
Santander I-ORG
15 O
5 O
7 O
3 O
15 O
15 O
22 O

Rayo B-ORG
Vallecano I-ORG
15 O
5 O
5 O
5 O
21 O
19 O
20 O

Valencia B-ORG
15 O
6 O
2 O
7 O
23 O
22 O
20 O

Celta B-ORG
Vigo I-ORG
15 O
5 O
5 O
5 O
17 O
17 O
20 O

Tenerife B-ORG
15 O
5 O
4 O
6 O
23 O
17 O
19 O

Espanyol B-ORG
15 O
4 O
4 O
7 O
17 O
20 O
16 O

Oviedo B-ORG
15 O
4 O
4 O
7 O
17 O
21 O
16 O

Sporting B-ORG
Gijon O
15 O
4 O
4 O
7 O
15 O
22 O
16 O

Logrones B-ORG
15 O
4 O
3 O
8 O
11 O
33 O
15 O

Zaragoza B-ORG
15 O
2 O
8 O
5 O
18 O
23 O
14 O

Sevilla B-ORG
15 O
4 O
2 O
9 O
13 O
20 O
14 O

Compostela B-ORG
15 O
3 O
4 O
8 O
13 O
28 O
13 O

Hercules B-ORG
15 O
2 O
2 O
11 O
11 O
29 O
8 O

Extremadura B-ORG
15 O
1 O
3 O
11 O
8 O
30 O
6 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISHMAN B-MISC
CHARLTON B-PER
IS O
MADE O
AN O
HONORARY O
IRISHMAN B-MISC
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-12-07 O

Jack B-PER
Charlton I-PER
's O
relationship O
with O
the O
people O
of O
Ireland B-LOC
was O
cemented O
on O
Saturday O
when O
the O
Englishman B-MISC
was O
officially O
declared O
one O
of O
their O
own O
. O

Charlton B-PER
, O
61 O
, O
and O
his O
wife O
, O
Peggy B-PER
, O
became O
citizens O
of O
Ireland B-LOC
when O
they O
formally O
received O
Irish B-MISC
passports O
from O
deputy O
Prime O
Minister O
Dick B-PER
Spring I-PER
who O
said O
the O
honour O
had O
been O
made O
in O
recognition O
of O
Charlton B-PER
's O
achievements O
as O
the O
national O
soccer O
manager O
. O

" O
The O
years O
I O
spent O
as O
manager O
of O
the O
Republic B-LOC
of I-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
were O
the O
best O
years O
of O
my O
life O
. O

It O
all O
culminated O
in O
the O
fact O
that O
I O
now O
have O
lots O
of O
great O
, O
great O
friends O
in O
Ireland B-LOC
. O

That O
is O
why O
this O
is O
so O
emotional O
a O
night O
for O
me O
, O
" O
Charlton B-PER
said O
. O

" O
It O
was O
the O
joy O
that O
we O
all O
had O
over O
the O
period O
, O
that O
I O
shared O
with O
people O
that O
I O
grew O
to O
love O
, O
that O
I O
treasure O
most O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Charlton B-PER
managed O
Ireland B-LOC
for O
93 O
matches O
, O
during O
which O
time O
they O
lost O
only O
17 O
times O
in O
almost O
10 O
years O
until O
he O
resigned O
in O
December O
1995 O
. O

He O
guided O
Ireland B-LOC
to O
two O
successive O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
finals O
tournaments O
and O
to O
the O
1988 O
European B-MISC
championship O
finals O
in O
Germany B-LOC
, O
after O
the O
Irish B-MISC
beat O
a O
well-fancied O
England B-LOC
team O
1-0 O
in O
their O
group O
qualifier O
. O

The O
lanky O
former O
Leeds B-ORG
United I-ORG
defender O
did O
not O
make O
his O
England B-LOC
debut O
until O
the O
age O
of O
30 O
but O
eventually O
won O
35 O
caps O
and O
was O
a O
key O
member O
of O
the O
1966 B-MISC
World I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
winning O
team O
with O
his O
younger O
brother O
, O
Bobby B-PER
. O



================================================
FILE: dataset/CONLL/train.txt
================================================
EU B-ORG
rejects O
German B-MISC
call O
to O
boycott O
British B-MISC
lamb O
. O

Peter B-PER
Blackburn I-PER

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
European B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
disagreed O
with O
German B-MISC
advice O
to O
consumers O
to O
shun O
British B-MISC
lamb O
until O
scientists O
determine O
whether O
mad O
cow O
disease O
can O
be O
transmitted O
to O
sheep O
. O

Germany B-LOC
's O
representative O
to O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
's O
veterinary O
committee O
Werner B-PER
Zwingmann I-PER
said O
on O
Wednesday O
consumers O
should O
buy O
sheepmeat O
from O
countries O
other O
than O
Britain B-LOC
until O
the O
scientific O
advice O
was O
clearer O
. O

" O
We O
do O
n't O
support O
any O
such O
recommendation O
because O
we O
do O
n't O
see O
any O
grounds O
for O
it O
, O
" O
the O
Commission B-ORG
's O
chief O
spokesman O
Nikolaus B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Pas I-PER
told O
a O
news O
briefing O
. O

He O
said O
further O
scientific O
study O
was O
required O
and O
if O
it O
was O
found O
that O
action O
was O
needed O
it O
should O
be O
taken O
by O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
. O

He O
said O
a O
proposal O
last O
month O
by O
EU B-ORG
Farm O
Commissioner O
Franz B-PER
Fischler I-PER
to O
ban O
sheep O
brains O
, O
spleens O
and O
spinal O
cords O
from O
the O
human O
and O
animal O
food O
chains O
was O
a O
highly O
specific O
and O
precautionary O
move O
to O
protect O
human O
health O
. O

Fischler B-PER
proposed O
EU-wide B-MISC
measures O
after O
reports O
from O
Britain B-LOC
and O
France B-LOC
that O
under O
laboratory O
conditions O
sheep O
could O
contract O
Bovine B-MISC
Spongiform I-MISC
Encephalopathy I-MISC
( O
BSE B-MISC
) O
-- O
mad O
cow O
disease O
. O

But O
Fischler B-PER
agreed O
to O
review O
his O
proposal O
after O
the O
EU B-ORG
's O
standing O
veterinary O
committee O
, O
mational O
animal O
health O
officials O
, O
questioned O
if O
such O
action O
was O
justified O
as O
there O
was O
only O
a O
slight O
risk O
to O
human O
health O
. O

Spanish B-MISC
Farm O
Minister O
Loyola B-PER
de I-PER
Palacio I-PER
had O
earlier O
accused O
Fischler B-PER
at O
an O
EU B-ORG
farm O
ministers O
' O
meeting O
of O
causing O
unjustified O
alarm O
through O
" O
dangerous O
generalisation O
. O
" O

. O

Only O
France B-LOC
and O
Britain B-LOC
backed O
Fischler B-PER
's O
proposal O
. O

The O
EU B-ORG
's O
scientific O
veterinary O
and O
multidisciplinary O
committees O
are O
due O
to O
re-examine O
the O
issue O
early O
next O
month O
and O
make O
recommendations O
to O
the O
senior O
veterinary O
officials O
. O

Sheep O
have O
long O
been O
known O
to O
contract O
scrapie O
, O
a O
brain-wasting O
disease O
similar O
to O
BSE B-MISC
which O
is O
believed O
to O
have O
been O
transferred O
to O
cattle O
through O
feed O
containing O
animal O
waste O
. O

British B-MISC
farmers O
denied O
on O
Thursday O
there O
was O
any O
danger O
to O
human O
health O
from O
their O
sheep O
, O
but O
expressed O
concern O
that O
German B-MISC
government O
advice O
to O
consumers O
to O
avoid O
British B-MISC
lamb O
might O
influence O
consumers O
across O
Europe B-LOC
. O

" O
What O
we O
have O
to O
be O
extremely O
careful O
of O
is O
how O
other O
countries O
are O
going O
to O
take O
Germany B-LOC
's O
lead O
, O
" O
Welsh B-ORG
National I-ORG
Farmers I-ORG
' I-ORG
Union I-ORG
( O
NFU B-ORG
) O
chairman O
John B-PER
Lloyd I-PER
Jones I-PER
said O
on O
BBC B-ORG
radio I-ORG
. O

Bonn B-LOC
has O
led O
efforts O
to O
protect O
public O
health O
after O
consumer O
confidence O
collapsed O
in O
March O
after O
a O
British B-MISC
report O
suggested O
humans O
could O
contract O
an O
illness O
similar O
to O
mad O
cow O
disease O
by O
eating O
contaminated O
beef O
. O

Germany B-LOC
imported O
47,600 O
sheep O
from O
Britain B-LOC
last O
year O
, O
nearly O
half O
of O
total O
imports O
. O

It O
brought O
in O
4,275 O
tonnes O
of O
British B-MISC
mutton O
, O
some O
10 O
percent O
of O
overall O
imports O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Rare O
Hendrix B-PER
song O
draft O
sells O
for O
almost O
$ O
17,000 O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
rare O
early O
handwritten O
draft O
of O
a O
song O
by O
U.S. B-LOC
guitar O
legend O
Jimi B-PER
Hendrix I-PER
was O
sold O
for O
almost O
$ O
17,000 O
on O
Thursday O
at O
an O
auction O
of O
some O
of O
the O
late O
musician O
's O
favourite O
possessions O
. O

A O
Florida B-LOC
restaurant O
paid O
10,925 O
pounds O
( O
$ O
16,935 O
) O
for O
the O
draft O
of O
" O
Ai B-MISC
n't I-MISC
no I-MISC
telling I-MISC
" O
, O
which O
Hendrix B-PER
penned O
on O
a O
piece O
of O
London B-LOC
hotel O
stationery O
in O
late O
1966 O
. O

At O
the O
end O
of O
a O
January O
1967 O
concert O
in O
the O
English B-MISC
city O
of O
Nottingham B-LOC
he O
threw O
the O
sheet O
of O
paper O
into O
the O
audience O
, O
where O
it O
was O
retrieved O
by O
a O
fan O
. O

Buyers O
also O
snapped O
up O
16 O
other O
items O
that O
were O
put O
up O
for O
auction O
by O
Hendrix B-PER
's O
former O
girlfriend O
Kathy B-PER
Etchingham I-PER
, O
who O
lived O
with O
him O
from O
1966 O
to O
1969 O
. O

They O
included O
a O
black O
lacquer O
and O
mother O
of O
pearl O
inlaid O
box O
used O
by O
Hendrix B-PER
to O
store O
his O
drugs O
, O
which O
an O
anonymous O
Australian B-MISC
purchaser O
bought O
for O
5,060 O
pounds O
( O
$ O
7,845 O
) O
. O

The O
guitarist O
died O
of O
a O
drugs O
overdose O
in O
1970 O
aged O
27 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
says O
Taiwan B-LOC
spoils O
atmosphere O
for O
talks O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

China B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
accused O
Taipei B-LOC
of O
spoiling O
the O
atmosphere O
for O
a O
resumption O
of O
talks O
across O
the O
Taiwan B-LOC
Strait I-LOC
with O
a O
visit O
to O
Ukraine B-LOC
by O
Taiwanese B-MISC
Vice O
President O
Lien B-PER
Chan I-PER
this O
week O
that O
infuriated O
Beijing B-LOC
. O

Speaking O
only O
hours O
after O
Chinese B-MISC
state O
media O
said O
the O
time O
was O
right O
to O
engage O
in O
political O
talks O
with O
Taiwan B-LOC
, O
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
spokesman O
Shen B-PER
Guofang I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
: O
" O
The O
necessary O
atmosphere O
for O
the O
opening O
of O
the O
talks O
has O
been O
disrupted O
by O
the O
Taiwan B-LOC
authorities O
. O
" O

State O
media O
quoted O
China B-LOC
's O
top O
negotiator O
with O
Taipei B-LOC
, O
Tang B-PER
Shubei I-PER
, O
as O
telling O
a O
visiting O
group O
from O
Taiwan B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
that O
it O
was O
time O
for O
the O
rivals O
to O
hold O
political O
talks O
. O

" O
Now O
is O
the O
time O
for O
the O
two O
sides O
to O
engage O
in O
political O
talks O
... O

that O
is O
to O
end O
the O
state O
of O
hostility O
, O
" O
Thursday O
's O
overseas O
edition O
of O
the O
People B-ORG
's I-ORG
Daily I-ORG
quoted O
Tang B-PER
as O
saying O
. O

The O
foreign O
ministry O
's O
Shen B-ORG
told O
Reuters B-ORG
Television I-ORG
in O
an O
interview O
he O
had O
read O
reports O
of O
Tang B-PER
's O
comments O
but O
gave O
no O
details O
of O
why O
the O
negotiator O
had O
considered O
the O
time O
right O
for O
talks O
with O
Taiwan B-LOC
, O
which O
Beijing B-LOC
considers O
a O
renegade O
province O
. O

China B-LOC
, O
which O
has O
long O
opposed O
all O
Taipei B-LOC
efforts O
to O
gain O
greater O
international O
recognition O
, O
was O
infuriated O
by O
a O
visit O
to O
Ukraine B-LOC
this O
week O
by O
Taiwanese B-MISC
Vice O
President O
Lien B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
says O
time O
right O
for O
Taiwan B-LOC
talks O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

China B-LOC
has O
said O
it O
was O
time O
for O
political O
talks O
with O
Taiwan B-LOC
and O
that O
the O
rival O
island O
should O
take O
practical O
steps O
towards O
that O
goal O
. O

Consultations O
should O
be O
held O
to O
set O
the O
time O
and O
format O
of O
the O
talks O
, O
the O
official O
Xinhua B-ORG
news O
agency O
quoted O
Tang B-PER
Shubei I-PER
, O
executive O
vice O
chairman O
of O
the O
Association B-ORG
for I-ORG
Relations I-ORG
Across I-ORG
the I-ORG
Taiwan I-ORG
Straits I-ORG
, O
as O
saying O
late O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
July O
car O
registrations O
up O
14.2 O
pct O
yr O
/ O
yr O
. O

FRANKFURT B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

German B-MISC
first-time O
registrations O
of O
motor O
vehicles O
jumped O
14.2 O
percent O
in O
July O
this O
year O
from O
the O
year-earlier O
period O
, O
the O
Federal B-ORG
office I-ORG
for I-ORG
motor I-ORG
vehicles I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
office O
said O
356,725 O
new O
cars O
were O
registered O
in O
July O
1996 O
-- O
304,850 O
passenger O
cars O
and O
15,613 O
trucks O
. O

The O
figures O
represent O
a O
13.6 O
percent O
increase O
for O
passenger O
cars O
and O
a O
2.2 O
percent O
decline O
for O
trucks O
from O
July O
1995 O
. O

Motor-bike O
registration O
rose O
32.7 O
percent O
in O
the O
period O
. O

The O
growth O
was O
partly O
due O
to O
an O
increased O
number O
of O
Germans B-MISC
buying O
German B-MISC
cars O
abroad O
, O
while O
manufacturers O
said O
that O
domestic O
demand O
was O
weak O
, O
the O
federal O
office O
said O
. O

Almost O
all O
German B-MISC
car O
manufacturers O
posted O
gains O
in O
registration O
numbers O
in O
the O
period O
. O

Volkswagen B-ORG
AG I-ORG
won O
77,719 O
registrations O
, O
slightly O
more O
than O
a O
quarter O
of O
the O
total O
. O

Opel B-ORG
AG I-ORG
together O
with O
General B-ORG
Motors I-ORG
came O
in O
second O
place O
with O
49,269 O
registrations O
, O
16.4 O
percent O
of O
the O
overall O
figure O
. O

Third O
was O
Ford B-ORG
with O
35,563 O
registrations O
, O
or O
11.7 O
percent O
. O

Only O
Seat B-ORG
and O
Porsche B-ORG
had O
fewer O
registrations O
in O
July O
1996 O
compared O
to O
last O
year O
's O
July O
. O

Seat B-ORG
posted O
3,420 O
registrations O
compared O
with O
5522 O
registrations O
in O
July O
a O
year O
earlier O
. O

Porsche B-ORG
's O
registrations O
fell O
to O
554 O
from O
643 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GREEK B-MISC
SOCIALISTS O
GIVE O
GREEN O
LIGHT O
TO O
PM O
FOR O
ELECTIONS O
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
Greek B-MISC
socialist O
party O
's O
executive O
bureau O
gave O
the O
green O
light O
to O
Prime O
Minister O
Costas B-PER
Simitis I-PER
to O
call O
snap O
elections O
, O
its O
general O
secretary O
Costas B-PER
Skandalidis I-PER
told O
reporters O
. O

Prime O
Minister O
Costas B-PER
Simitis I-PER
is O
going O
to O
make O
an O
official O
announcement O
after O
a O
cabinet O
meeting O
later O
on O
Thursday O
, O
said O
Skandalidis B-PER
. O

-- O
Dimitris B-PER
Kontogiannis I-PER
, O
Athens B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+301 O
3311812-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

BayerVB B-ORG
sets O
C$ B-MISC
100 O
million O
six-year O
bond O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
following O
bond O
was O
announced O
by O
lead O
manager O
Toronto B-PER
Dominion I-PER
. O

BORROWER O
BAYERISCHE B-ORG
VEREINSBANK I-ORG

AMT O
C$ B-MISC
100 O
MLN O
COUPON O
6.625 O
MATURITY O
24.SEP.02 O

TYPE O
STRAIGHT O
ISS O
PRICE O
100.92 O
PAY O
DATE O
24.SEP.96 O

FULL O
FEES O
1.875 O
REOFFER O
99.32 O
SPREAD O
+20 O
BP O

MOODY O
AA1 O
LISTING O
LUX O
PAY O
FREQ O
= O

S&P B-ORG
= O
DENOMS O
( O
K O
) O
1-10-100 O
SALE O
LIMITS O
US B-LOC
/ O
UK B-LOC
/ O
CA B-LOC

NEG O
PLG O
NO O
CRS O
DEFLT O
NO O
FORCE O
MAJ O
= O

GOV O
LAW O
GERMAN B-MISC
HOME O
CTRY O
= O
TAX O
PROVS O
STANDARD O

MGT O
/ O
UND O
0.275 O
SELL O
CONC O
1.60 O
PRAECIP O
= O

UNDERLYING O
GOVT O
BOND O
7.0 O
PCT O
SEPT O
2001 O

NOTES O
BAYERISCHE B-ORG
VEREINSBANK I-ORG
IS O
JOINT O
LEAD O
MANAGER O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7658 O

-DOCSTART- O

Venantius B-ORG
sets O
$ O
300 O
million O
January O
1999 O
FRN O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
following O
floating-rate O
issue O
was O
announced O
by O
lead O
manager O
Lehman B-ORG
Brothers I-ORG
International I-ORG
. O

BORROWER O
VENANTIUS B-ORG
AB I-ORG
( O
SWEDISH B-MISC
NATIONAL O
MORTGAGE O
AGENCY O
) O

AMT O
$ O
300 O
MLN O
SPREAD O
- O
12.5 O
BP O
MATURITY O
21.JAN.99 O

TYPE O
FRN O
BASE O
3M B-ORG
LIBOR O
PAY O
DATE O
S23.SEP.96 O

LAST O
MOODY O
AA3 O
ISS O
PRICE O
99.956 O
FULL O
FEES O
10 O
BP O

LAST O
S&P B-ORG
AA+ O
REOFFER O
= O

NOTES O
S O
SHORT O
FIRST O
COUPON O

LISTING O
LONDON B-LOC
DENOMS O
( O
K O
) O
1-10-100 O
SALE O
LIMITS O
US B-LOC
/ O
UK B-LOC
/ O
JP B-LOC
/ O
FR B-LOC

NEG O
PLG O
YES O
CRS O
DEFLT O
NO O
FORCE O
MAJ O
IPMA O
2 O

GOV O
LAW O
ENGLISH B-MISC
HOME O
CTRY O
SWEDEN B-LOC
TAX O
PROVS O
STANDARD O

MGT O
/ O
UND O
5 O
BP O
SELL O
CONC O
5 O
BP O
PRAECIP O
= O

NOTES O
ISSUED O
OFF O
EMTN O
PROGRAMME O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
8863 O

-DOCSTART- O

Port O
conditions O
update O
- O
Syria B-LOC
- O
Lloyds B-ORG
Shipping I-ORG
. O

Port O
conditions O
from O
Lloyds B-ORG
Shipping I-ORG
Intelligence I-ORG
Service I-ORG
-- O

LATTAKIA B-LOC
, O
Aug O
10 O
- O
waiting O
time O
at O
Lattakia B-LOC
and O
Tartous B-LOC
presently O
24 O
hours O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Israel B-LOC
plays O
down O
fears O
of O
war O
with O
Syria B-LOC
. O

Colleen B-PER
Siegel I-PER

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Israel B-LOC
's O
outgoing O
peace O
negotiator O
with O
Syria B-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
current O
tensions O
between O
the O
two O
countries O
appeared O
to O
be O
a O
storm O
in O
a O
teacup O
. O

Itamar B-PER
Rabinovich I-PER
, O
who O
as O
Israel B-LOC
's O
ambassador O
to O
Washington B-LOC
conducted O
unfruitful O
negotiations O
with O
Syria B-LOC
, O
told O
Israel B-ORG
Radio I-ORG
it O
looked O
like O
Damascus B-LOC
wanted O
to O
talk O
rather O
than O
fight O
. O

" O
It O
appears O
to O
me O
the O
Syrian B-MISC
priority O
is O
still O
to O
negotiate O
. O

The O
Syrians B-MISC
are O
confused O
, O
they O
are O
definitely O
tense O
, O
but O
the O
general O
assessment O
here O
in O
Washington B-LOC
is O
that O
this O
is O
essentially O
a O
storm O
in O
a O
teacup O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Rabinovich B-PER
is O
winding O
up O
his O
term O
as O
ambassador O
. O

He O
will O
be O
replaced O
by O
Eliahu B-PER
Ben-Elissar I-PER
, O
a O
former O
Israeli B-MISC
envoy O
to O
Egypt B-LOC
and O
right-wing O
Likud B-ORG
party O
politician O
. O

Israel B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
sent O
Syria B-LOC
a O
message O
, O
via O
Washington B-LOC
, O
saying O
it O
was O
committed O
to O
peace O
and O
wanted O
to O
open O
negotiations O
without O
preconditions O
. O

But O
it O
slammed O
Damascus B-LOC
for O
creating O
what O
it O
called O
a O
dangerous O
atmosphere O
. O

Syria B-LOC
accused O
Israel B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
of O
launching O
a O
hysterical O
campaign O
against O
it O
after O
Israeli B-MISC
television O
reported O
that O
Damascus B-LOC
had O
recently O
test O
fired O
a O
missile O
. O

It O
said O
its O
arms O
purchases O
were O
for O
defensive O
purposes O
. O

" O
The O
message O
that O
we O
sent O
to O
( O
Syrian B-MISC
President O
Hafez B-PER
al- I-PER
) O
Assad B-PER
is O
that O
Israel B-LOC
is O
ready O
at O
any O
time O
without O
preconditions O
to O
enter O
peace O
negotiations O
, O
" O
Israeli B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
David B-PER
Levy I-PER
told O
Israel B-ORG
Radio I-ORG
in O
an O
interview O
. O

Tension O
has O
mounted O
since O
Israeli B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
took O
office O
in O
June O
vowing O
to O
retain O
the O
Golan B-LOC
Heights I-LOC
Israel B-LOC
captured O
from O
Syria B-LOC
in O
the O
1967 O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
war O
. O

Israeli-Syrian B-MISC
peace O
talks O
have O
been O
deadlocked O
over O
the O
Golan B-LOC
since O
1991 O
despite O
the O
previous O
government O
's O
willingness O
to O
make O
Golan B-LOC
concessions O
. O

Peace O
talks O
between O
the O
two O
sides O
were O
last O
held O
in O
February O
. O

" O
The O
voices O
coming O
out O
of O
Damascus B-LOC
are O
bad O
, O
not O
good O
. O

The O
media O
... O

are O
full O
of O
expressions O
and O
declarations O
that O
must O
be O
worrying O
... O

this O
artificial O
atmosphere O
is O
very O
dangerous O
because O
those O
who O
spread O
it O
could O
become O
its O
prisoners O
, O
" O
Levy B-PER
said O
. O

" O
We O
expect O
from O
Syria B-LOC
, O
if O
its O
face O
is O
to O
peace O
, O
that O
it O
will O
answer O
Israel B-LOC
's O
message O
to O
enter O
peace O
negotiations O
because O
that O
is O
our O
goal O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

We O
do O
not O
want O
a O
war O
, O
God B-PER
forbid O
. O

No O
one O
benefits O
from O
wars O
. O
" O

Israel B-LOC
's O
Channel B-ORG
Two I-ORG
television O
said O
Damascus B-LOC
had O
sent O
a O
" O
calming O
signal O
" O
to O
Israel B-LOC
. O

It O
gave O
no O
source O
for O
the O
report O
. O

Netanyahu B-PER
and O
Levy B-PER
's O
spokesmen O
said O
they O
could O
not O
confirm O
it O
. O

The O
television O
also O
said O
that O
Netanyahu B-PER
had O
sent O
messages O
to O
reassure O
Syria B-LOC
via O
Cairo B-LOC
, O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
and O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Polish B-MISC
diplomat O
denies O
nurses O
stranded O
in O
Libya B-LOC
. O

TUNIS B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
Polish B-MISC
diplomat O
on O
Thursday O
denied O
a O
Polish B-MISC
tabloid O
report O
this O
week O
that O
Libya B-LOC
was O
refusing O
exit O
visas O
to O
100 O
Polish B-MISC
nurses O
trying O
to O
return O
home O
after O
working O
in O
the O
North B-MISC
African I-MISC
country O
. O

" O
This O
is O
not O
true O
. O

Up O
to O
today O
, O
we O
have O
no O
knowledge O
of O
any O
nurse O
stranded O
or O
kept O
in O
Libya B-LOC
without O
her O
will O
, O
and O
we O
have O
not O
received O
any O
complaint O
, O
" O
the O
Polish B-MISC
embassy O
's O
charge O
d'affaires O
in O
Tripoli B-LOC
, O
Tadeusz B-PER
Awdankiewicz I-PER
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
by O
telephone O
. O

Poland B-LOC
's O
labour O
ministry O
said O
this O
week O
it O
would O
send O
a O
team O
to O
Libya B-LOC
to O
investigate O
, O
but O
Awdankiewicz B-PER
said O
the O
probe O
was O
prompted O
by O
some O
nurses O
complaining O
about O
their O
work O
conditions O
such O
as O
non-payment O
of O
their O
salaries O
. O

He O
said O
that O
there O
are O
an O
estimated O
800 O
Polish B-MISC
nurses O
working O
in O
Libya B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
Iranian B-MISC
opposition O
leaders O
meet O
in O
Baghdad B-LOC
. O

Hassan B-PER
Hafidh I-PER

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

An O
Iranian B-MISC
exile O
group O
based O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
vowed O
on O
Thursday O
to O
extend O
support O
to O
Iran B-LOC
's O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebels O
after O
they O
were O
attacked O
by O
Iranian B-MISC
troops O
deep O
inside O
Iraq B-LOC
last O
month O
. O

A O
Mujahideen B-ORG
Khalq I-ORG
statement O
said O
its O
leader O
Massoud B-PER
Rajavi I-PER
met O
in O
Baghdad B-LOC
the O
Secretary-General O
of O
the O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
of I-ORG
Iran I-ORG
( O
KDPI B-ORG
) O
Hassan B-PER
Rastegar I-PER
on O
Wednesday O
and O
voiced O
his O
support O
to O
Iran B-LOC
's O
rebel O
Kurds B-MISC
. O

" O
Rajavi B-MISC
emphasised O
that O
the O
Iranian B-MISC
Resistance B-ORG
would O
continue O
to O
stand O
side O
by O
side O
with O
their O
Kurdish B-MISC
compatriots O
and O
the O
resistance O
movement O
in O
Iranian B-LOC
Kurdistan I-LOC
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

A O
spokesman O
for O
the O
group O
said O
the O
meeting O
" O
signals O
a O
new O
level O
of O
cooperation O
between O
Mujahideen B-ORG
Khalq I-ORG
and O
the O
Iranian B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
oppositions O
" O
. O

Iran B-LOC
heavily O
bombarded O
targets O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
in O
July O
in O
pursuit O
of O
KDPI B-ORG
guerrillas O
based O
in O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
areas O
outside O
the O
control O
of O
the O
government O
in O
Baghdad B-LOC
. O

Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
areas O
bordering O
Iran B-LOC
are O
under O
the O
control O
of O
guerrillas O
of O
the O
Iraqi B-ORG
Kurdish I-ORG
Patriotic I-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Kurdistan I-ORG
( O
PUK B-ORG
) O
group O
. O

PUK B-ORG
and O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
KDP B-ORG
) O
the O
two O
main O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
factions O
, O
have O
had O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
under O
their O
control O
since O
Iraqi B-MISC
forces O
were O
ousted O
from O
Kuwait B-LOC
in O
the O
1991 O
Gulf B-MISC
War I-MISC
. O

Clashes O
between O
the O
two O
parties O
broke O
out O
at O
the O
weekend O
in O
the O
most O
serious O
fighting O
since O
a O
U.S.-sponsored B-MISC
ceasefire O
last O
year O
. O

Mujahideen B-ORG
Khalq I-ORG
said O
Iranian B-MISC
troops O
had O
also O
been O
shelling O
KDP B-ORG
positions O
in O
Qasri B-LOC
region O
in O
Suleimaniya B-LOC
province O
near O
the O
Iranian B-MISC
border O
over O
the O
last O
two O
days O
. O

It O
said O
about O
100 O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurds I-MISC
were O
killed O
or O
wounded O
in O
the O
attack O
. O

Both O
Iran B-LOC
and O
Turkey B-LOC
mount O
air O
and O
land O
strikes O
at O
targets O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
in O
pursuit O
of O
their O
own O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebels O
. O

A O
U.S.-led B-MISC
air O
force O
in O
southern O
Turkey B-LOC
protects O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurds I-MISC
from O
possible O
attacks O
by O
Baghdad B-LOC
troops O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Saudi B-MISC
riyal O
rates O
steady O
in O
quiet O
summer O
trade O
. O

MANAMA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
spot O
Saudi B-MISC
riyal O
against O
the O
dollar O
and O
riyal O
interbank O
deposit O
rates O
were O
mainly O
steady O
this O
week O
in O
quiet O
summer O
trade O
, O
dealers O
in O
the O
kingdom O
said O
. O

" O
There O
were O
no O
changes O
in O
Saudi B-MISC
riyal O
rates O
. O

The O
market O
was O
very O
quiet O
because O
of O
summer O
holidays O
, O
" O
one O
dealer O
said O
. O

The O
spot O
riyal O
was O
put O
at O
3.7504 O
/ O
06 O
to O
the O
dollar O
. O

One-month B-MISC
interbank O
deposits O
were O
at O
5-1/2 O
, O
3/8 O
percent O
, O
three O
months O
were O
5-5/8 O
, O
1/2 O
percent O
and O
six O
months O
were O
5-3/4 O
, O
5/8 O
percent O
. O

One-year B-MISC
funds O
were O
at O
six O
, O
5-7/8 O
percent O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Israel B-LOC
approves O
Arafat B-PER
's O
flight O
to O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Israel B-LOC
gave O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
permission O
on O
Thursday O
to O
fly O
over O
its O
territory O
to O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
, O
ending O
a O
brief O
Israeli-PLO B-MISC
crisis O
, O
an O
Arafat B-PER
adviser O
said O
. O

" O
The O
problem O
is O
over O
. O

The O
president O
's O
aircraft O
has O
received O
permission O
to O
pass O
through O
Israeli B-MISC
airspace O
but O
the O
president O
is O
not O
expected O
to O
travel O
to O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
before O
Monday O
, O
" O
Nabil B-PER
Abu I-PER
Rdainah I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Arafat B-PER
had O
been O
scheduled O
to O
meet O
former O
Israeli B-MISC
prime O
minister O
Shimon B-PER
Peres I-PER
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
town O
of O
Ramallah B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
but O
the O
venue O
was O
changed O
to O
Gaza B-LOC
after O
Israel B-LOC
denied O
flight O
clearance O
to O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
leader O
's O
helicopters O
. O

Palestinian B-MISC
officials O
accused O
right-wing O
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
of O
trying O
to O
stop O
the O
Ramallah B-LOC
meeting O
by O
keeping O
Arafat B-PER
grounded O
. O

Arafat B-PER
subsequently O
cancelled O
a O
meeting O
between O
Israeli B-MISC
and O
PLO B-ORG
officials O
, O
on O
civilian O
affairs O
, O
at O
the O
Allenby B-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
crossing O
between O
Jordan B-LOC
and O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
. O

Abu B-PER
Rdainah I-PER
said O
Arafat B-PER
had O
decided O
against O
flying O
to O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
, O
after O
Israel B-LOC
lifted O
the O
ban O
, O
because O
he O
had O
a O
busy O
schedule O
in O
Gaza B-LOC
and O
would O
not O
be O
free O
until O
Monday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Arafat B-PER
to O
meet O
Peres B-PER
in O
Gaza B-LOC
after O
flight O
ban O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
will O
meet O
Shimon B-PER
Peres I-PER
in O
Gaza B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
after O
Palestinians B-MISC
said O
the O
right-wing O
Israeli B-MISC
government O
had O
barred O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
leader O
from O
flying O
to O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
for O
talks O
with O
the O
former O
prime O
minister O
. O

" O
The O
meeting O
between O
Peres B-PER
and O
Arafat B-PER
will O
take O
place O
at O
Erez B-LOC
checkpoint O
in O
Gaza B-LOC
and O
not O
in O
Ramallah B-LOC
as O
planned O
, O
" O
Peres B-PER
' O
office O
said O
. O

Palestinian B-MISC
officials O
said O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
government O
had O
barred O
Arafat B-PER
from O
overflying O
Israel B-LOC
in O
a O
Palestinian B-MISC
helicopter O
to O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
in O
an O
attempt O
to O
bar O
the O
meeting O
with O
Peres B-PER
. O

Israeli B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
has O
accused O
opposition O
leader O
Peres B-PER
, O
who O
he O
defeated O
in O
May O
elections O
, O
of O
trying O
to O
undermine O
his O
Likud B-ORG
government O
's O
authority O
to O
conduct O
peace O
talks O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Afghan B-MISC
UAE B-LOC
embassy O
says O
Taleban B-MISC
guards O
going O
home O
. O

Hilary B-PER
Gush I-PER

DUBAI B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Three O
Afghan B-MISC
guards O
brought O
to O
the O
United B-LOC
Arab I-LOC
Emirates I-LOC
last O
week O
by O
Russian B-MISC
hostages O
who O
escaped O
from O
the O
Taleban B-MISC
militia O
will O
return O
to O
Afghanistan B-LOC
in O
a O
few O
days O
, O
the O
Afghan B-MISC
embassy O
in O
Abu B-LOC
Dhabi I-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

" O
Our O
ambassador O
is O
in O
touch O
with O
the O
UAE B-LOC
foreign O
ministry O
. O

Their O
return O
to O
Afghanistan B-LOC
will O
take O
place O
in O
two O
or O
three O
days O
, O
" O
an O
embassy O
official O
said O
. O

" O
The O
embassy O
is O
issuing O
them O
travel O
documents O
for O
their O
return O
to O
their O
homeland O
. O

There O
is O
no O
objection O
to O
their O
travel O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

The O
three O
Islamic B-MISC
Taleban I-MISC
guards O
were O
overpowered O
by O
seven O
Russian B-MISC
aircrew O
who O
escaped O
to O
UAE B-LOC
state O
Sharjah B-LOC
last O
Friday O
on O
board O
their O
own O
aircraft O
after O
a O
year O
in O
the O
captivity O
of O
Taleban B-MISC
militia O
in O
Kandahar B-LOC
in O
southern O
Afghanistan B-LOC
. O

The O
UAE B-LOC
said O
on O
Monday O
it O
would O
hand O
over O
the O
three O
to O
the O
International B-ORG
Red I-ORG
Crescent I-ORG
, O
possibly O
last O
Tuesday O
. O

It O
has O
since O
been O
silent O
on O
the O
issue O
. O

When O
asked O
whether O
the O
three O
guards O
would O
travel O
back O
to O
Kandahar B-LOC
or O
the O
Afghan B-MISC
capital O
Kabul B-LOC
, O
the O
embassy O
official O
said O
: O
" O
That O
has O
not O
been O
decided O
, O
but O
possibly O
Kandahar B-LOC
. O
" O

Kandahar B-LOC
is O
the O
headquarters O
of O
the O
opposition O
Taleban B-MISC
militia O
. O

Kabul B-LOC
is O
controlled O
by O
President O
Burhanuddin B-PER
Rabbani I-PER
's O
government O
, O
which O
Taleban B-MISC
is O
fighting O
to O
overthrow O
. O

The O
embassy O
official O
said O
the O
three O
men O
, O
believed O
to O
be O
in O
their O
20s O
, O
were O
currently O
in O
Abu B-LOC
Dhabi I-LOC
. O

He O
did O
not O
elaborate O
. O

The O
Russians B-MISC
, O
working O
for O
the O
Aerostan B-ORG
firm O
in O
the O
Russian B-MISC
republic O
of O
Tatarstan B-LOC
, O
were O
taken O
hostage O
after O
a O
Taleban B-MISC
MiG-19 B-MISC
fighter O
forced O
their O
cargo O
plane O
to O
land O
in O
August O
1995 O
. O

Taleban B-MISC
said O
its O
shipment O
of O
ammunition O
from O
Albania B-LOC
was O
evidence O
of O
Russian B-MISC
military O
support O
for O
Rabbani B-PER
's O
government O
. O

Moscow B-LOC
said O
the O
crew O
's O
nationality O
was O
coincidental O
. O

Numerous O
diplomatic O
attempts O
to O
free O
the O
seven O
failed O
. O

The O
Russians B-MISC
, O
who O
said O
they O
overpowered O
the O
guards O
-- O
two O
armed O
with O
Kalashnikov B-MISC
automatic O
rifles O
-- O
while O
doing O
regular O
maintenance O
work O
on O
their O
Ilyushin B-MISC
76 I-MISC
cargo O
plane O
last O
Friday O
, O
left O
the O
UAE B-LOC
capital O
Abu B-LOC
Dhabi I-LOC
for O
home O
on O
Sunday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iraq B-LOC
's O
Saddam B-PER
meets O
Russia B-LOC
's O
Zhirinovsky B-PER
. O

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Iraqi B-MISC
President O
Saddam B-PER
Hussein I-PER
has O
told O
visiting O
Russian B-MISC
ultra-nationalist O
Vladimir B-PER
Zhirinovsky I-PER
that O
Baghdad B-LOC
wanted O
to O
maintain O
" O
friendship O
and O
cooperation O
" O
with O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
official O
Iraqi B-MISC
newspapers O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

" O
President O
Saddam B-PER
Hussein I-PER
stressed O
during O
the O
meeting O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
keenness O
to O
maintain O
friendship O
and O
cooperation O
with O
Russia B-LOC
, O
" O
the O
papers O
said O
. O

They O
said O
Zhirinovsky B-PER
told O
Saddam B-PER
before O
he O
left O
Baghdad B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
that O
his O
Liberal B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
party I-ORG
and O
the O
Russian B-MISC
Duma B-ORG
( O
parliament O
) O
" O
are O
calling O
for O
an O
immediate O
lifting O
of O
the O
embargo O
" O
imposed O
on O
Iraq B-LOC
after O
its O
1990 O
invasion O
of O
Kuwait B-LOC
. O

Zhirinovsky B-PER
said O
on O
Tuesday O
he O
would O
press O
the O
Russian B-MISC
government O
to O
help O
end O
U.N. B-ORG
trade O
sanctions O
on O
Iraq B-LOC
and O
blamed O
Moscow B-LOC
for O
delaying O
establishment O
of O
good O
ties O
with O
Baghdad B-LOC
. O

" O
Our O
stand O
is O
firm O
, O
namely O
we O
are O
calling O
on O
( O
the O
Russian B-MISC
) O
government O
to O
end O
the O
economic O
embargo O
on O
Iraq B-LOC
and O
resume O
trade O
ties O
between O
Russia B-LOC
and O
Iraq B-LOC
, O
" O
he O
told O
reporters O
. O

Zhirinovsky B-PER
visited O
Iraq B-LOC
twice O
in O
1995 O
. O

Last O
October O
he O
was O
invited O
to O
attend O
the O
referendum O
held O
on O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
presidency O
, O
which O
extended O
Saddam B-PER
's O
term O
for O
seven O
more O
years O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Iraq B-LOC
- O
Aug O
22 O
. O

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

These O
are O
some O
of O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
official O
Iraqi B-MISC
press O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

THAWRA B-ORG

- O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
President O
Saddam B-PER
Hussein I-PER
meets O
with O
chairman O
of O
the O
Russian B-MISC
liberal O
democratic O
party O
Vladimir B-PER
Zhirinovsky I-PER
. O

- O
Turkish B-MISC
foreign O
minister O
says O
Turkey B-LOC
will O
take O
part O
in O
the O
Baghdad B-LOC
trade O
fair O
that O
will O
be O
held O
in O
November O
. O

IRAQ B-LOC

- O
A O
shipload O
of O
12 O
tonnes O
of O
rice O
arrives O
in O
Umm B-LOC
Qasr I-LOC
port O
in O
the O
Gulf B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Lebanon B-LOC
- O
Aug O
22 O
. O

BEIRUT B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

These O
are O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Beirut B-LOC
press O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

AN-NAHAR B-ORG

- O
Confrontation O
is O
escalating O
between O
Hizbollah B-ORG
and O
the O
government O
. O

- O
Prime O
Minister O
Hariri B-PER
: O
Israeli B-MISC
threats O
do O
no O
serve O
peace O
. O

AS-SAFIR B-ORG

- O
Parliament O
Speaker O
Berri B-PER
: O
Israel B-LOC
is O
preparing O
for O
war O
against O
Syria B-LOC
and O
Lebanon B-LOC
. O

- O
Parliamentary O
battle O
in O
Beirut B-LOC
.. O

The O
three O
main O
lists O
have O
been O
prepared O
. O

AL-ANWAR B-ORG

- O
Continued O
criticism O
of O
law O
violation O
incidents O
-- O
which O
occurred O
in O
the O
Mount B-LOC
Lebanon I-LOC
elections O
last O
Sunday O
. O

AD-DIYAR B-ORG

- O
Financial O
negotiations O
between O
Lebanon B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
. O

- O
Hariri B-PER
to O
step O
into O
the O
election O
battle O
with O
an O
incomplete O
list O
. O

NIDA'A B-ORG
AL-WATAN I-ORG

- O
Maronite B-ORG
Patriarch O
Sfeir B-PER
expressed O
sorrow O
over O
the O
violations O
in O
Sunday O
' O
elections O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CME B-ORG
live O
and O
feeder O
cattle O
calls O
range O
mixed O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Early O
calls O
on O
CME B-ORG
live O
and O
feeder O
cattle O
futures O
ranged O
from O
0.200 O
cent O
higher O
to O
0.100 O
lower O
, O
livestock O
analysts O
said O
. O

The O
continued O
strong O
tone O
to O
cash O
cattle O
and O
beef O
markets O
should O
prompt O
further O
support O
. O

Outlook O
for O
a O
bullish O
cattle-on-feed O
report O
is O
also O
expected O
to O
lend O
support O
and O
prompt O
some O
bull O
spreading O
, O
analysts O
said O
. O

However O
, O
trade O
will O
likely O
be O
light O
and O
prices O
could O
drift O
on O
evening O
up O
ahead O
of O
the O
report O
. O

Cash O
markets O
are O
also O
expected O
to O
be O
quiet O
after O
the O
record O
amount O
of O
feedlot O
cattle O
traded O
this O
week O
, O
they O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kindercare O
says O
debt O
buy O
to O
hit O
Q1 O
results O
. O

MONTGOMERY B-LOC
, O
Ala B-LOC
. O

1996-08-22 O

KinderCare B-ORG
Learning I-ORG
Centers I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
a O
debt O
buyback O
would O
mean O
an O
extraordinary O
loss O
of O
$ O
1.2 O
million O
in O
its O
fiscal O
1997 O
first O
quarter O
. O

The O
company O
said O
that O
during O
the O
quarter O
, O
which O
began O
June O
1 O
, O
it O
bought O
$ O
30 O
million O
par O
value O
of O
its O
outstanding O
10-3/8 O
percent O
senior O
notes O
due O
2001 O
. O

The O
notes O
were O
bought O
for O
$ O
31.5 O
million O
. O

Philip B-PER
Maslowe I-PER
, O
chief O
financial O
officer O
of O
the O
preschool O
and O
child O
care O
company O
, O
said O
the O
buyback O
" O
offered O
an O
opportunity O
to O
reduce O
the O
company O
's O
weighted O
average O
interest O
costs O
and O
improve O
future O
cash O
flows O
and O
earnings O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

RESEARCH O
ALERT O
- O
Lehman B-ORG
starts O
SNET B-ORG
. O

-- O
Lehman B-ORG
analyst O
Blake B-PER
Bath I-PER
started O
Southern B-ORG
New I-ORG
England I-ORG
Telecommunciations I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
with O
an O
outperform O
rating O
, O
his O
office O
said O
. O

-- O
The O
analyst O
set O
a O
12-month O
price O
target O
of O
$ O
45 O
and O
a O
fiscal O
1996 O
year O
earnings O
estimate O
of O
$ O
3.09 O
per O
share O
, O
his O
office O
said O
. O

-- O
The O
analyst O
also O
set O
an O
earnings O
estimate O
for O
the O
1997 O
year O
, O
but O
the O
figure O
was O
not O
immediately O
available O
. O

-- O
Southern B-ORG
New I-ORG
England I-ORG
closed O
at O
38-1/2 O
Wednesday O
. O

-- O
E. B-PER
Auchard I-PER
, O
Wall B-ORG
Street I-ORG
bureau I-ORG
, O
212-859-1736 O

-DOCSTART- O

Gateway B-ORG
Data I-ORG
Sciences I-ORG
Q2 O
net O
rises O
. O

PHOENIX B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Summary O
of O
Consolidated B-ORG
Financial I-ORG
Data I-ORG

( O
In O
Thousands O
, O
except O
per O
share O
data O
) O

Six O
Months O
Ended O
Quarter O
Ended O

Jul O
31 O
, O
Jul O
31 O
, O
Jul O
31 O
, O
Jul O
31 O
, O

1996 O
1995 O
1996 O
1995 O

Income O
Statement O
Data O
: O

Total O
Revenue O
$ O
10,756 O
$ O
13,102 O
$ O
7,961 O
$ O
5,507 O

Software O
Revenue O
2,383 O
1,558 O
1,086 O
1,074 O

Services O
Revenue O
1,154 O
692 O
624 O
465 O

Operating O
Income O
906 O
962 O
599 O
515 O

Net O
Income O
821 O
512 O
565 O
301 O

Earnings O
Per O
Share O
0.31 O
0.34 O
0.19 O
0.20 O

Jul O
31 O
, O
1996 O
Jan O
31 O
, O
1996 O

Balance O
Sheet O
Data O
: O

Working O
Capital O
$ O
5,755 O
( O
$ O
881 O
) O

Cash O
and O
Cash O
Equivalents O
2,386 O
93 O

Total O
Assets O
14,196 O
7,138 O

Shareholders O
' O
Equity O
5,951 O
( O
1,461 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Greek B-MISC
socialists O
give O
PM O
green O
light O
for O
election O
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
Greek B-MISC
socialist O
party O
's O
executive O
bureau O
gave O
Prime O
Minister O
Costas B-PER
Simitis I-PER
its O
backing O
if O
he O
chooses O
to O
call O
snap O
elections O
, O
its O
general O
secretary O
Costas B-PER
Skandalidis I-PER
told O
reporters O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Prime O
Minister O
Costas B-PER
Simitis I-PER
will O
make O
an O
official O
announcement O
after O
a O
cabinet O
meeting O
later O
on O
Thursday O
, O
said O
Skandalidis B-PER
. O

-- O
Dimitris B-PER
Kontogiannis I-PER
, O
Athens B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+301 O
3311812-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
France B-LOC
- O
Le B-ORG
Monde I-ORG
Aug O
22 O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

These O
are O
leading O
stories O
in O
Thursday O
's O
afternoon O
daily O
Le B-ORG
Monde I-ORG
, O
dated O
Aug O
23 O
. O

FRONT O
PAGE O

-- O
Africans B-MISC
seeking O
to O
renew O
or O
obtain O
work O
and O
residence O
rights O
say O
Prime O
Minister O
Alain B-PER
Juppe I-PER
's O
proposals O
are O
insufficient O
as O
hunger O
strike O
enters O
49th O
day O
in O
Paris B-LOC
church O
and O
Wednesday O
rally O
attracts O
8,000 O
sympathisers O
. O

-- O
FLNC B-ORG
Corsican B-MISC
nationalist O
movement O
announces O
end O
of O
truce O
after O
last O
night O
's O
attacks O
. O

BUSINESS O
PAGES O

-- O
Shutdown O
of O
Bally B-ORG
's O
French B-MISC
factories O
points O
up O
shoe O
industry O
crisis O
, O
with O
French B-MISC
manufacturers O
undercut O
by O
low-wage O
country O
competition O
and O
failure O
to O
keep O
abreast O
of O
trends O
. O

-- O
Secretary O
general O
of O
the O
Sud-PTT B-MISC
trade O
union O
at O
France B-ORG
Telecom I-ORG
all O
the O
elements O
are O
in O
place O
for O
social O
unrest O
in O
the O
next O
few O
weeks O
. O

-- O
Paris B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+33 O
1 O
42 O
21 O
53 O
81 O

-DOCSTART- O

Well O
repairs O
to O
lift O
Heidrun B-LOC
oil O
output O
- O
Statoil B-ORG
. O

OSLO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Three O
plugged O
water O
injection O
wells O
on O
the O
Heidrun B-LOC
oilfield O
off O
mid-Norway B-MISC
will O
be O
reopened O
over O
the O
next O
month O
, O
operator O
Den B-ORG
Norske I-ORG
Stats I-ORG
Oljeselskap I-ORG
AS I-ORG
( O
Statoil B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
plugged O
wells O
have O
accounted O
for O
a O
dip O
of O
30,000 O
barrels O
per O
day O
( O
bpd O
) O
in O
Heidrun B-LOC
output O
to O
roughly O
220,000 O
bpd O
, O
according O
to O
the O
company O
's O
Status B-ORG
Weekly I-ORG
newsletter O
. O

The O
wells O
will O
be O
reperforated O
and O
gravel O
will O
be O
pumped O
into O
the O
reservoir O
through O
one O
of O
the O
wells O
to O
avoid O
plugging O
problems O
in O
the O
future O
, O
it O
said O
. O

-- O
Oslo B-LOC
newsroom O
+47 O
22 O
42 O
50 O
41 O

-DOCSTART- O

Finnish B-MISC
April O
trade O
surplus O
3.8 O
billion O
markka O
- O
NCB B-ORG
. O

HELSINKI B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Finland B-LOC
's O
trade O
surplus O
rose O
to O
3.83 O
billion O
markka O
in O
April O
from O
3.43 O
billion O
in O
March O
, O
the O
National B-ORG
Customs I-ORG
Board I-ORG
( O
NCB B-ORG
) O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
value O
of O
exports O
fell O
one O
percent O
year-on-year O
in O
April O
and O
the O
value O
of O
imports O
fell O
two O
percent O
, O
NCB B-ORG
said O
. O

Trade O
balance O
( O
million O
markka O
) O
: O

April O
' O
96 O
March O
' O
96 O
Jan-April O
' O
96 O
Jan-April O
' O
95 O

Imports O
10,663 O
10,725 O
43,430 O
40,989 O

Exports O
14,494 O
14,153 O
56,126 O
56,261 O

Balance O
+3,831 O
+3,428 O
+12,696 O
+15,272 O

The O
January-April O
1995 O
import O
figure O
was O
revised O
from O
39,584 O
million O
markka O
and O
the O
export O
figure O
from O
55,627 O
million O
markka O
. O

The O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Finland I-ORG
earlier O
estimated O
the O
April O
trade O
surplus O
at O
3.2 O
billion O
markka O
with O
exports O
projected O
at O
14.5 O
billion O
and O
imports O
at O
11.3 O
billion O
. O

The O
NCB B-ORG
's O
official O
monthly O
trade O
statistics O
are O
lagging O
behind O
due O
to O
changes O
in O
customs O
procedures O
when O
Finland B-LOC
joined O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
at O
the O
start O
of O
1995 O
. O

-- O
Helsinki B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+358 O
- O
0 O
- O
680 O
50 O
245 O

-DOCSTART- O

Dutch B-MISC
state O
raises O
tap O
sale O
price O
to O
99.95 O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
Finance B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
raised O
the O
price O
for O
tap O
sales O
of O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
government O
's O
new O
5.75 O
percent O
bond O
due O
September O
2002 O
to O
99.95 O
from O
99.90 O
. O

Tap O
sales O
began O
on O
Monday O
and O
are O
being O
held O
daily O
from O
07.00 O
GMT B-MISC
to O
15.00 O
GMT B-MISC
until O
further O
notice O
. O

The O
ministry O
had O
raised O
2.3 O
billion O
guilders O
from O
sales O
of O
the O
new O
bond O
by O
the O
close O
of O
trade O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

-- O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
farm O
ministry O
tells O
consumers O
to O
avoid O
British B-MISC
mutton O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Germany B-LOC
's O
Agriculture B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
suggested O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
consumers O
avoid O
eating O
meat O
from O
British B-MISC
sheep O
until O
scientists O
determine O
whether O
mad O
cow O
disease O
can O
be O
transmitted O
to O
the O
animals O
. O

" O
Until O
this O
is O
cleared O
up O
by O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
's O
scientific O
panels O
-- O
and O
we O
have O
asked O
this O
to O
be O
done O
as O
quickly O
as O
possible O
-- O
( O
consumers O
) O
should O
if O
at O
all O
possible O
give O
preference O
to O
sheepmeat O
from O
other O
countries O
, O
" O
ministry O
official O
Werner B-PER
Zwingmann I-PER
told O
ZDF B-ORG
television O
. O

" O
I O
do O
not O
want O
to O
say O
that O
there O
is O
a O
concrete O
danger O
for O
consumers O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O
" O

There O
are O
too O
many O
holes O
in O
what O
we O
know O
, O
and O
these O
must O
be O
filled O
very O
quickly O
. O
" O

Bonn B-LOC
has O
led O
efforts O
to O
ensure O
consumer O
protection O
tops O
the O
list O
of O
priorities O
in O
dealing O
with O
the O
mad O
cow O
crisis O
, O
which O
erupted O
in O
March O
when O
Britain B-LOC
acknowledged O
humans O
could O
contract O
a O
similar O
illness O
by O
eating O
contaminated O
beef O
. O

The O
European B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
agreed O
this O
month O
to O
rethink O
a O
proposal O
to O
ban O
the O
use O
of O
suspect O
sheep O
tissue O
after O
some O
EU B-ORG
veterinary O
experts O
questioned O
whether O
it O
was O
justified O
. O

EU B-ORG
Farm O
Commissioner O
Franz B-PER
Fischler I-PER
had O
proposed O
banning O
sheep O
brains O
, O
spleens O
and O
spinal O
cords O
from O
the O
human O
and O
animal O
food O
chains O
after O
reports O
from O
Britain B-LOC
and O
France B-LOC
that O
under O
laboratory O
conditions O
sheep O
could O
contract O
Bovine B-MISC
Spongiform I-MISC
Encephalopathy I-MISC
( O
BSE B-MISC
) O
-- O
mad O
cow O
disease O
. O

But O
some O
members O
of O
the O
EU B-ORG
's O
standing O
veterinary O
committee O
questioned O
whether O
the O
action O
was O
necessary O
given O
the O
slight O
risk O
to O
human O
health O
. O

The O
question O
is O
being O
studied O
separately O
by O
two O
EU B-ORG
scientific O
committees O
. O

Sheep O
have O
long O
been O
known O
to O
contract O
scrapie O
, O
a O
similar O
brain-wasting O
disease O
to O
BSE B-MISC
which O
is O
believed O
to O
have O
been O
transferred O
to O
cattle O
through O
feed O
containing O
animal O
waste O
. O

British B-MISC
officials O
say O
sheep O
meat O
is O
perfectly O
safe O
to O
eat O
. O

ZDF B-ORG
said O
Germany B-LOC
imported O
47,600 O
sheep O
from O
Britain B-LOC
last O
year O
, O
nearly O
half O
of O
total O
imports O
. O

It O
brought O
in O
4,275 O
tonnes O
of O
British B-MISC
mutton O
, O
some O
10 O
percent O
of O
overall O
imports O
. O

After O
the O
British B-MISC
government O
admitted O
a O
possible O
link O
between O
mad O
cow O
disease O
and O
its O
fatal O
human O
equivalent O
, O
the O
EU B-ORG
imposed O
a O
worldwide O
ban O
on O
British B-MISC
beef O
exports O
. O

EU B-ORG
leaders O
agreed O
at O
a O
summit O
in O
June O
to O
a O
progressive O
lifting O
of O
the O
ban O
as O
Britain B-LOC
takes O
parallel O
measures O
to O
eradicate O
the O
disease O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
SCORES O
AT O
WORLD B-MISC
SERIES I-MISC
OF I-MISC
GOLF I-MISC
. O

AKRON B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Scores O
from O
the O
$ O
2.1 O

million O
NEC B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
after O
the O
first O
round O

Thursday O
at O
the O
7,149 O
yard O
, O
par O
70 O
Firestone B-LOC
C.C I-LOC
course O

( O
players O
U.S. B-LOC
unless O
stated O
) O
: O

66 O
Paul B-PER
Goydos I-PER
, O
Billy B-PER
Mayfair I-PER
, O
Hidemichi B-PER
Tanaka I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O

68 O
Steve B-PER
Stricker I-PER

69 O
Justin B-PER
Leonard I-PER
, O
Mark B-PER
Brooks I-PER

70 O
Tim B-PER
Herron I-PER
, O
Duffy B-PER
Waldorf I-PER
, O
Davis B-PER
Love I-PER
, O
Anders B-PER
Forsbrand I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Nick B-PER
Faldo I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
, O
John B-PER
Cook I-PER
, O
Steve B-PER
Jones I-PER
, O
Phil B-PER

Mickelson B-PER
, O
Greg B-PER
Norman I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O

71 O
Ernie B-PER
Els I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
, O
Scott B-PER
Hoch I-PER

72 O
Clarence B-PER
Rose I-PER
, O
Loren B-PER
Roberts I-PER
, O
Fred B-PER
Funk I-PER
, O
Sven B-PER
Struver I-PER

( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
, O
Alexander B-PER
Cejka I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
, O
Hal B-PER
Sutton I-PER
, O
Tom B-PER
Lehman I-PER

73 O
D.A. B-PER
Weibring I-PER
, O
Brad B-PER
Bryant I-PER
, O
Craig B-PER
Parry I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
, O

Stewart B-PER
Ginn I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
, O
Corey B-PER
Pavin I-PER
, O
Craig B-PER
Stadler I-PER
, O
Mark B-PER

O'Meara B-PER
, O
Fred B-PER
Couples I-PER

74 O
Paul B-PER
Stankowski I-PER
, O
Costantino B-PER
Rocca I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

75 O
Jim B-PER
Furyk I-PER
, O
Satoshi B-PER
Higashi I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
, O
Willie B-PER
Wood I-PER
, O
Shigeki B-PER

Maruyama B-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O

76 O
Scott B-PER
McCarron I-PER

77 O
Wayne B-PER
Westner I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
, O
Steve B-PER
Schneiter I-PER

79 O
Tom B-PER
Watson I-PER

81 O
Seiki B-PER
Okuda I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GLORIA B-ORG
BISTRITA I-ORG
BEAT O
2-1 O
F.C. B-ORG
VALLETTA I-ORG
. O

BISTRITA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Gloria B-ORG
Bistrita I-ORG
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
beat O
2-1 O
( O
halftime O
1-1 O
) O
F.C. B-ORG
Valletta I-ORG
( O
Malta B-LOC
) O
in O
their O
Cup B-MISC
winners I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
match O
, O
second O
leg O
of O
the O
preliminary O
round O
, O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Gloria B-ORG
Bistrita I-ORG
- O
Ilie B-PER
Lazar I-PER
( O
32nd O
) O
, O
Eugen B-PER
Voica I-PER
( O
84th O
) O

F.C. B-ORG
La I-ORG
Valletta I-ORG
- O
Gilbert B-PER
Agius I-PER
( O
24th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
8,000 O

Gloria B-ORG
Bistrita I-ORG
won O
4-2 O
on O
aggregate O
and O
qualified O
for O
the O
first O
round O
of O
the O
Cup B-MISC
winners I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

REUTER B-PER

-DOCSTART- O

HORSE O
RACING O
- O
PIVOTAL B-PER
ENDS O
25-YEAR O
WAIT O
FOR O
TRAINER O
PRESCOTT B-PER
. O

YORK B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Sir O
Mark B-PER
Prescott I-PER
landed O
his O
first O
group O
one O
victory O
in O
25 O
years O
as O
a O
trainer O
when O
his O
top O
sprinter O
Pivotal B-PER
, O
a O
100-30 O
chance O
, O
won O
the O
Nunthorpe B-MISC
Stakes I-MISC
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
three-year-old O
, O
partnered O
by O
veteran O
George B-PER
Duffield I-PER
, O
snatched O
a O
short O
head O
verdict O
in O
the O
last O
stride O
to O
deny O
Eveningperformance B-PER
( O
16-1 O
) O
, O
trained O
by O
Henry B-PER
Candy I-PER
and O
ridden O
by O
Chris B-PER
Rutter I-PER
. O

Hever B-PER
Golf I-PER
Rose I-PER
( O
11-4 O
) O
, O
last O
year O
's O
Prix B-MISC
de I-MISC
l I-MISC
' I-MISC
Abbaye I-MISC
winner O
at O
Longchamp B-LOC
, O
finished O
third O
, O
a O
further O
one O
and O
a O
quarter O
lengths O
away O
with O
the O
7-4 O
favourite O
Mind B-PER
Games I-PER
in O
fourth O
. O

Pivotal B-PER
, O
a O
Royal B-PER
Ascot I-PER
winner O
in O
June O
, O
may O
now O
be O
aimed O
at O
this O
season O
's O
Abbaye B-MISC
, O
Europe B-LOC
's O
top O
sprint O
race O
. O

Prescott B-PER
, O
reluctant O
to O
go O
into O
the O
winner O
's O
enclosure O
until O
the O
result O
of O
the O
photo-finish O
was O
announced O
, O
said O
: O
" O
Twenty-five O
years O
and O
I O
have O
never O
been O
there O
so O
I O
thought O
I O
had O
better O
wait O
a O
bit O
longer O
. O
" O

He O
added O
: O
" O
It O
's O
very O
sad O
to O
beat O
Henry B-PER
Candy I-PER
because O
I O
am O
godfather O
to O
his O
daughter O
. O
" O

Like O
Prescott B-PER
, O
Jack B-PER
Berry I-PER
, O
trainer O
of O
Mind B-PER
Games I-PER
, O
had O
gone O
into O
Thursday O
's O
race O
in O
search O
of O
a O
first O
group O
one O
success O
after O
many O
years O
around O
the O
top O
of O
his O
profession O
. O

Berry B-PER
said O
: O
" O
I`m O
disappointed O
but O
I O
do O
n't O
feel O
suicidal O
. O

He O
( O
Mind B-PER
Games I-PER
) O
was O
going O
as O
well O
as O
any O
of O
them O
one O
and O
a O
half O
furlongs O
( O
300 O
metres O
) O
out O
but O
he O
just O
did O
n't O
quicken O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

HORSE O
RACING O
- O
NUNTHORPE O
STAKES O
RESULTS O
. O

YORK B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Result O
of O
the O
Nunthorpe B-MISC
Stakes I-MISC
, O
a O
group O
one O
race O
for O
two-year-olds O
and O
upwards O
, O
run O
over O
five O
furlongs O
( O
1 O
km O
) O
on O
Thursday O
: O

1. O
Pivotal B-PER
100-30 O
( O
ridden O
by O
George B-PER
Duffield I-PER
) O

2. O
Eveningperformance B-PER
16-1 O
( O
Chris B-PER
Rutter I-PER
) O

3. O
Hever B-PER
Golf I-PER
Rose I-PER
11-4 O
( O
Jason B-PER
Weaver I-PER
) O

Eight O
ran O
. O

Favourite O
: O
Mind B-PER
Games I-PER
( O
7-4 O
) O
finished O
4th O

Distances O
: O
a O
short O
head O
, O
1-1/4 O
lengths O
. O

Winner O
owned O
by O
the O
Cheveley B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Stud I-ORG
and O
trained O
by O
Sir O

Mark B-PER
Prescott I-PER
at O
Newmarket B-LOC
. O

Value O
to O
winner O
: O
72,464 O
pounds O
sterling O
( O
$ O
112,200 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
TOSHIBA B-MISC
CLASSIC I-MISC
. O

CARLSBAD B-LOC
, O
California B-LOC
1996-08-21 O

Results O
from O
the O

$ O
450,000 O
Toshiba B-MISC
Classic I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Wednesday O

( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Second O
round O

1 O
- O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Naoko B-PER
Kijimuta I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O

1-6 O
6-4 O
6-3 O

4 O
- O
Kimiko B-PER
Date I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Yone B-PER
Kamio I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
7-5 O

Sandrine B-PER
Testud I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
7 O
- O
Ai B-PER
Sugiyama I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
4-6 O

6-4 O

8 O
- O
Nathalie B-PER
Tauziat I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Shi-Ting B-PER
Wang I-PER
( O
Taiwan B-LOC
) O
6-4 O

6-2 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
HAMLET B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

COMMACK B-LOC
, O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
1996-08-21 O

Results O
from O
the O

Waldbaum B-MISC
Hamlet I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
prefix O

number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Second O
round O

1 O
- O
Michael B-PER
Chang I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sergi B-PER
Bruguera I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O

Michael B-PER
Joyce I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
3 O
- O
Richey B-PER
Reneberg I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
3-6 O
6-4 O

6-3 O

Martin B-PER
Damm I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
6 O
- O
Younes B-PER
El I-PER
Aynaoui I-PER

( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
5-7 O
6-3 O
3-0 O
retired O

Karol B-PER
Kucera I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Hicham B-PER
Arazi I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O

7-5 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DALGLISH B-PER
SAD O
OVER O
BLACKBURN B-ORG
PARTING O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Kenny B-PER
Dalglish I-PER
spoke O
on O
Thursday O
of O
his O
sadness O
at O
leaving O
Blackburn B-ORG
, O
the O
club O
he O
led O
to O
the O
English B-MISC
premier O
league O
title O
in O
1994-95 O
. O

Blackburn B-ORG
announced O
on O
Wednesday O
they O
and O
Dalglish B-PER
had O
parted O
by O
mutual O
consent O
. O

But O
the O
ex-manager O
confessed O
on O
Thursday O
to O
being O
" O
sad O
" O
at O
leaving O
after O
taking O
Blackburn B-ORG
from O
the O
second O
division O
to O
the O
premier O
league O
title O
inside O
three O
and O
a O
half O
years O
. O

In O
a O
telephone O
call O
to O
a O
local O
newspaper O
from O
his O
holiday O
home O
in O
Spain B-LOC
, O
Dalglish B-PER
said O
: O
" O
We O
came O
to O
the O
same O
opinion O
, O
albeit O
the O
club O
came O
to O
it O
a O
little O
bit O
earlier O
than O
me O
. O
" O

He O
added O
: O
" O
If O
no O
one O
asked O
, O
I O
never O
opened O
my O
mouth O
. O

I O
have O
stayed O
out O
of O
the O
way O
and O
let O
them O
get O
on O
with O
the O
job O
. O

The O
club O
thought O
it O
( O
the O
job O
) O
had O
run O
its O
course O
and O
I O
came O
to O
the O
same O
conclusion O
. O
" O

Dalglish B-PER
had O
been O
with O
Blackburn B-ORG
for O
nearly O
five O
years O
, O
first O
as O
manager O
and O
then O
, O
for O
the O
past O
15 O
months O
, O
as O
director O
of O
football O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
SCORES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Close O
of O
play O
scores O
in O
four-day O

English B-MISC
County B-MISC
Championship I-MISC
cricket O
matches O
on O
Thursday O
: O

Second O
day O

At O
Weston-super-Mare B-LOC
: O
Durham B-ORG
326 O
( O
D. B-PER
Cox I-PER
95 O
not O
out O
, O

S. B-PER
Campbell I-PER
69 O
; O
G. B-PER
Rose I-PER
7-73 O
) O
. O

Somerset B-ORG
236-4 O
( O
M. B-PER
Lathwell I-PER
85 O
) O
. O

Firsy O
day O

At O
Colchester B-LOC
: O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
280 O
( O
J. B-PER
Russell I-PER
63 O
, O
A. B-PER
Symonds I-PER

52 O
; O
A. B-PER
Cowan I-PER
5-68 O
) O
. O

Essex B-ORG
72-0 O
. O

At O
Cardiff B-LOC
: O
Kent B-ORG
128-1 O
( O
M. B-PER
Walker I-PER
59 O
, O
D. B-PER
Fulton I-PER
53 O
not O
out O
) O
v O

Glamorgan B-ORG
. O

At O
Leicester B-LOC
: O
Leicestershire B-ORG
343-8 O
( O
P. B-PER
Simmons I-PER
108 O
, O
P. B-PER
Nixon I-PER

67 O
not O
out O
) O
v O
Hampshire B-ORG
. O

At O
Northampton B-LOC
: O
Sussex B-ORG
368-7 O
( O
N. B-PER
Lenham I-PER
145 O
, O
V. B-PER
Drakes I-PER
59 O
not O

out O
, O
A. B-PER
Wells I-PER
51 O
) O
v O
Northamptonshire B-ORG
. O

At O
Trent B-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
: O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
392-6 O
( O
G. B-PER
Archer I-PER
143 O
not O

out O
, O
M. B-PER
Dowman I-PER
107 O
) O
v O
Surrey B-ORG
. O

At O
Worcester B-LOC
: O
Warwickshire B-ORG
255-9 O
( O
A. B-PER
Giles I-PER
57 O
not O
out O
, O
W. B-PER
Khan I-PER

52 O
) O
v O
Worcestershire B-ORG
. O

At O
Headingley B-LOC
: O
Yorkshire B-ORG
305-5 O
( O
C. B-PER
White I-PER
66 O
not O
out O
, O
M. B-PER
Moxon I-PER

66 O
, O
M. B-PER
Vaughan I-PER
57 O
) O
v O
Lancashire B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
FINAL O
TEST O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Scoreboard O
on O
the O
first O
day O
of O
the O

third O
and O
final O
test O
between O
England B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O

Thursday O
: O

England B-LOC
first O
innings O

M. B-PER
Atherton I-PER
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
31 O

A. B-PER
Stewart I-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
44 O

N. B-PER
Hussain I-PER
c O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
12 O

G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
lbw O
b O
Mohammad B-PER
Akram I-PER
54 O

J. B-PER
Crawley I-PER
not O
out O
94 O

N. B-PER
Knight I-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
17 O

C. B-PER
Lewis I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
5 O

I. B-PER
Salisbury I-PER
not O
out O
1 O

Extras O
( O
lb-11 O
w-1 O
nb-8 O
) O
20 O

Total O
( O
for O
six O
wickets O
) O
278 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-64 O
2-85 O
3-116 O
4-205 O
5-248 O
6-273 O

To O
bat O
: O
R. B-PER
Croft I-PER
, O
D. B-PER
Cork I-PER
, O
A. B-PER
Mullally I-PER

Bowling O
( O
to O
date O
) O
: O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
25-8-61-1 O
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER

20-6-70-2 O
, O
Mohammad B-PER
Akram I-PER
12-1-41-1 O
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
27-5-78-2 O
, O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
6-1-17-0 O

Pakistan B-LOC
: O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
, O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
, O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O

Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
, O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
, O
Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
, O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
, O
Moin B-PER

Khan B-PER
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
, O
Mohammad B-PER
Akam I-PER

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FERGUSON B-PER
BACK O
IN O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
SQUAD O
AFTER O
20 O
MONTHS O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Everton B-ORG
's O
Duncan B-PER
Ferguson I-PER
, O
who O
scored O
twice O
against O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
, O
was O
picked O
on O
Thursday O
for O
the O
Scottish B-MISC
squad O
after O
a O
20-month O
exile O
. O

Glasgow B-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
striker O
Ally B-PER
McCoist I-PER
, O
another O
man O
in O
form O
after O
two O
hat-tricks O
in O
four O
days O
, O
was O
also O
named O
for O
the O
August O
31 O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
against O
Austria B-LOC
in O
Vienna B-LOC
. O

Ferguson B-PER
, O
who O
served O
six O
weeks O
in O
jail O
in O
late O
1995 O
for O
head-butting O
an O
opponent O
, O
won O
the O
last O
of O
his O
five O
Scotland B-LOC
caps O
in O
December O
1994 O
. O

Scotland B-LOC
manager O
Craig B-PER
Brown I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
: O
" O
I O
've O
watched O
Duncan B-PER
Ferguson I-PER
in O
action O
twice O
recently O
and O
he O
's O
bang O
in O
form O
. O

Ally B-PER
McCoist I-PER
is O
also O
in O
great O
scoring O
form O
at O
the O
moment O
. O
" O

Celtic B-ORG
's O
Jackie B-PER
McNamara I-PER
, O
who O
did O
well O
with O
last O
season O
's O
successful O
under-21 O
team O
, O
earns O
a O
call-up O
to O
the O
senior O
squad O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
100-2 O
AT O
LUNCH O
ON O
FIRST O
DAY O
OF O
THIRD O
TEST O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

England B-LOC
were O
100 O
for O
two O
at O
lunch O
on O
the O
first O
day O
of O
the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
against O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
KEANE B-PER
SIGNS O
FOUR-YEAR O
CONTRACT O
WITH O
MANCHESTER B-LOC
UNITED I-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Ireland B-LOC
midfielder O
Roy B-PER
Keane I-PER
has O
signed O
a O
new O
four-year O
contract O
with O
English B-MISC
league O
and O
F.A. B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
champions O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
. O

" O
Roy B-PER
agreed O
a O
new O
deal O
before O
last O
night O
's O
game O
against O
Everton B-ORG
and O
we O
are O
delighted O
, O
" O
said O
United B-ORG
manager O
Alex B-PER
Ferguson I-PER
on O
Thursday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
CANADIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-21 O

Results O
from O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
Open I-MISC

tennis O
tournament O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O

seeding O
) O
: O

Second O
round O

Daniel B-PER
Nestor I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
beat O
1 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Muster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
7-5 O

Mikael B-PER
Tillstrom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
2 O
- O
Goran B-PER
Ivanisevic I-PER
( O
Croatia B-LOC
) O

6-7 O
( O
3-7 O
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O

3 O
- O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
Jiri B-PER
Novak I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC

Republic B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
6-3 O

4 O
- O
Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
( O
Chile B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kenneth B-PER
Carlsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O

6 O
- O
MaliVai B-PER
Washington I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Alex B-PER
Corretja I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-4 O

6-2 O

7 O
- O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Renzo B-PER
Furlan I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-3 O
) O
6-3 O

Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
8 O
- O
Marc B-PER
Rosset I-PER

( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
3-6 O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O

9 O
- O
Cedric B-PER
Pioline I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Gregory B-PER
Carraz I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
7-6 O

( O
7-1 O
) O
6-4 O

Patrick B-PER
Rafter I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
11 O
- O
Alberto B-PER
Berasategui I-PER

( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-2 O

Petr B-PER
Korda I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
12 O
- O
Francisco B-PER
Clavet I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

6-3 O
6-4 O

Daniel B-PER
Vacek I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
13 O
- O
Jason B-PER
Stoltenberg I-PER

( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
5-7 O
7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O
7-6 O
( O
13-11 O
) O

Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
beat O
Sebastien B-PER
Lareau I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
6-3 O

1-6 O
6-3 O

Alex B-PER
O'Brien I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Byron B-PER
Black I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-2 O
) O
6-2 O

Bohdan B-PER
Ulihrach I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Andrea B-PER
Gaudenzi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

6-3 O
4-6 O
6-1 O

Tim B-PER
Henman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Chris B-PER
Woodruff I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
walkover O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
MILLNS B-PER
SIGNS O
FOR O
BOLAND B-ORG
. O

CAPE B-LOC
TOWN I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

South B-MISC
African I-MISC
provincial O
side O
Boland B-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
they O
had O
signed O
Leicestershire B-ORG
fast O
bowler O
David B-PER
Millns I-PER
on O
a O
one O
year O
contract O
. O

Millns B-MISC
, O
who O
toured O
Australia B-LOC
with O
England B-LOC
A O
in O
1992/93 O
, O
replaces O
former O
England B-LOC
all-rounder O
Phillip B-PER
DeFreitas I-PER
as O
Boland B-ORG
's O
overseas O
professional O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
WINNERS I-MISC
' I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

TIRANA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Results O
of O
European B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
Winners I-MISC
' I-MISC

Cup B-MISC
qualifying O
round O
, O
second O
leg O
soccer O
matches O
on O
Thursday O
: O

In O
Tirana B-LOC
: O
Flamurtari B-ORG
Vlore I-ORG
( O
Albania B-LOC
) O
0 O
Chemlon B-ORG
Humenne I-ORG

( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
2 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O
Lubarskij B-PER
( O
50th O
minute O
) O
, O
Valkucak B-PER
( O
54th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
5,000 O

Chemlon B-ORG
Humenne I-ORG
win O
3-0 O
on O
aggregate O

In O
Bistrita B-LOC
: O
Gloria B-ORG
Bistrita I-ORG
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
2 O
Valletta B-LOC
( O
Malta B-LOC
) O
1 O

( O
1-1 O
) O

Scorers O
: O

Gloria B-ORG
Bistrita I-ORG
- O
Ilie B-PER
Lazar I-PER
( O
32nd O
) O
, O
Eugen B-PER
Voica I-PER
( O
84th O
) O

Valletta B-LOC
- O
Gilbert B-PER
Agius I-PER
( O
24th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
8,000 O

Gloria B-ORG
Bistrita I-ORG
win O
4-2 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

In O
Chorzow B-LOC
: O
Ruch B-ORG
Chorzow I-ORG
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O
5 O
Llansantffraid B-ORG
( O
Wales B-LOC
) O
0 O

( O
1-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O
Arkadiusz B-PER
Bak I-PER
( O
1st O
and O
55th O
) O
, O
Arwel B-PER
Jones I-PER
( O
47th O
, O

own O
goal O
) O
, O
Miroslav B-PER
Bak I-PER
( O
62nd O
and O
63rd O
) O

Attendance O
: O
6,500 O

Ruch B-ORG
Chorzow I-ORG
win O
6-1 O
on O
aggregate O

In O
Larnaca B-LOC
: O
AEK B-ORG
Larnaca I-ORG
( O
Cyprus B-LOC
) O
5 O
Kotaik B-ORG
Abovyan I-ORG
( O
Armenia B-LOC
) O

0 O
( O
2-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O
Zoran B-PER
Kundic I-PER
( O
28th O
) O
, O
Klimis B-PER
Alexandrou I-PER
( O
41st O
) O
, O

Milenko B-PER
Kovasevic I-PER
( O
60th O
, O
penalty O
) O
, O
Goran B-PER
Koprinovic I-PER
( O
82nd O
) O
, O

Pavlos B-PER
Markou I-PER
( O
84th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
5,000 O

AEK B-ORG
Larnaca I-ORG
win O
5-1 O
on O
aggregate O

In O
Siauliai B-LOC
: O
Kareda B-ORG
Siauliai I-ORG
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
0 O
Sion B-ORG

( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
0 O

Attendance O
: O
5,000 O

Sion B-ORG
win O
4-2 O
on O
agrregate O
. O

In O
Vinnytsya B-LOC
: O

Nyva B-ORG
Vinnytsya I-ORG
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
1 O
Tallinna B-ORG
Sadam I-ORG
( O
Estonia B-LOC
) O
0 O
( O
0-0 O
) O

Attendance O
: O
3,000 O

Aggregate O
score O
2-2 O
. O

Nyva B-ORG
qualified O
on O
away O
goals O
rule O
. O

In O
Bergen B-LOC
: O
Brann B-ORG
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
2 O
Shelbourne B-ORG
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
1 O
( O
1-1 O
) O

Scorers O
: O

Brann B-ORG
- O
Mons B-PER
Ivar I-PER
Mjelde I-PER
( O
10th O
) O
, O
Jan B-PER
Ove I-PER
Pedersen I-PER
( O
72nd O
) O

Shelbourne B-ORG
- O
Mark B-PER
Rutherford I-PER
( O
5th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
2,189 O

Brann B-ORG
win O
5-2 O
on O
aggregate O

In O
Sofia B-LOC
: O
Levski B-ORG
Sofia I-ORG
( O
Bulgaria B-LOC
) O
1 O
Olimpija B-ORG
( O
Slovenia B-LOC
) O
0 O

( O
0-0 O
) O

Scorer O
: O
Ilian B-PER
Simeonov I-PER
( O
58th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
25,000 O

Aggregate O
1-1 O
. O

Olimpija B-ORG
won O
4-3 O
on O
penalties O
. O

In O
Vaduz B-LOC
: O
Vaduz B-LOC
( O
Liechtenstein B-LOC
) O
1 O
RAF B-ORG
Riga I-ORG
( O
Latvia B-LOC
) O
1 O
( O
0-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O

Vaduz B-LOC
- O
Daniele B-PER
Polverino I-PER
( O
90th O
) O

RAF B-ORG
Riga I-ORG
- O
Agrins B-PER
Zarins I-PER
( O
47th O
) O

Aggregate O
2-2 O
. O

Vaduz B-LOC
won O
4-2 O
on O
penalties O
. O

In O
Luxembourg B-LOC
: O
US B-ORG
Luxembourg I-ORG
( O
Luxembourg B-LOC
) O
0 O
Varteks B-ORG
Varazdin I-ORG

( O
Croatia B-LOC
) O
3 O
( O
0-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O
Drazen B-PER
Beser I-PER
( O
63rd O
) O
, O
Miljenko B-PER
Mumler I-PER
( O
penalty O
, O

78th O
) O
, O
Jamir B-PER
Cvetko I-PER
( O
87th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
800 O

Varteks B-ORG
Varazdin I-ORG
win O
5-1 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

In O
Torshavn B-LOC
: O
Havnar B-ORG
Boltfelag I-ORG
( O
Faroe B-LOC
Islands I-LOC
) O
0 O
Dynamo B-ORG

Batumi B-ORG
( O
Georgia B-LOC
) O
3 O
( O
0-2 O
) O

Dynamo B-ORG
Batumi I-ORG
win O
9-0 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

In O
Prague B-LOC
: O
Sparta B-ORG
Prague I-ORG
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
8 O
Glentoran B-ORG

( O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
) O
0 O
( O
4-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O
Petr B-PER
Gunda I-PER
( O
1st O
and O
26th O
) O
, O
Lumir B-PER
Mistr I-PER
( O
19th O
) O
, O

Horst B-PER
Siegl I-PER
( O
24th O
, O
48th O
, O
80th O
) O
, O
Zdenek B-PER
Svoboda I-PER
( O
76th O
) O
, O
Petr B-PER

Gabriel B-PER
( O
86th O
) O

Sparta B-ORG
win O
10-1 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

In O
Edinburgh B-LOC
: O
Hearts B-ORG
( O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
1 O
Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
Belgrade I-ORG

( O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
) O
1 O
( O
1-0 O
) O

Scorers O
: O

Hearts B-ORG
- O
Dave B-PER
McPherson I-PER
( O
44th O
) O

Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
- O
Vinko B-MISC
Marinovic I-MISC
( O
59th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
15,062 O

Aggregate O
1-1 O
. O

Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
win O
on O
away O
goals O
rule O
. O

In O
Rishon-Lezion B-LOC
: O
Hapoel B-ORG
Ironi I-ORG
( O
Israel B-LOC
) O
3 O
Constructorul B-ORG

Chisinau B-ORG
( O
Moldova B-LOC
) O
2 O
( O
2-1 O
) O

Aggregate O
3-3 O
. O

Constructorul B-ORG
win O
on O
away O
goals O
rule O
. O

In O
Anjalonkoski B-MISC
: O
MyPa-47 B-ORG
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
1 O
Karabach B-ORG
Agdam I-ORG

( O
Azerbaijan B-LOC
) O
1 O
( O
0-0 O
) O

Mypa-47 B-ORG
win O
2-1 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

In O
Skopje B-LOC
: O
Sloga B-ORG
Jugomagnat I-ORG
( O
Macedonia B-LOC
) O
0 O
Kispest B-ORG
Honved I-ORG

( O
Hungary B-LOC
1 O
( O
0-0 O
) O

Kispest B-ORG
Honved I-ORG
win O
2-0 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

Add B-ORG
Hapoel I-ORG
Ironi I-ORG
v O
Constructorul B-ORG
Chisinau I-ORG

Scorers O
: O

Rishon B-ORG
- O
Moshe B-PER
Sabag I-PER
( O
10th O
minute O
) O
, O
Nissan B-PER
Kapeta I-PER
( O
26th O
) O
, O

Tomas B-PER
Cibola I-PER
( O
58th O
) O
. O

Constructorol B-ORG
- O
Sergei B-PER
Rogachev I-PER
( O
42nd O
) O
, O
Gennadi B-PER
Skidan I-PER

( O
87th O
) O
. O

Attendance O
: O
1,500 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GOTHENBURG B-LOC
PUT O
FERENCVAROS B-ORG
OUT O
OF O
EURO B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

BUDAPEST B-LOC
1996-08-21 O

IFK B-ORG
Gothenburg I-ORG
of O
Sweden B-LOC
drew O
1-1 O
( O
1-0 O
) O
with O
Ferencvaros B-ORG
of O
Hungary B-LOC
in O
the O
second O
leg O
of O
their O
European B-MISC
Champions I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
preliminary O
round O
tie O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Gothenburg B-LOC
go O
through O
4-1 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Ferencvaros B-ORG
: O

Ferenc B-PER
Horvath I-PER
( O
15th O
) O

IFK B-ORG
Gothenburg I-ORG
: O

Andreas B-PER
Andersson I-PER
( O
87th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
9,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BRAZILIAN B-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
. O

RIO B-LOC
DE I-LOC
JANEIRO I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Results O
of O
midweek O

matches O
in O
the O
Brazilian B-MISC
soccer O
championship O
. O

Bahia B-ORG
2 O
Atletico B-ORG
Paranaense I-ORG
0 O

Corinthians B-ORG
1 O
Guarani B-ORG
0 O

Coritiba B-ORG
1 O
Atletico B-ORG
Mineiro I-ORG
0 O

Cruzeiro B-ORG
2 O
Vitoria B-ORG
1 O

Flamengo B-ORG
0 O
Juventude B-ORG
1 O

Goias B-ORG
3 O
Sport B-ORG
Recife I-ORG
1 O

Gremio B-ORG
6 O
Bragantino B-ORG
1 O

Palmeiras B-ORG
3 O
Vasco B-ORG
da I-ORG
Gama I-ORG
1 O

Portuguesa B-ORG
2 O
Parana B-ORG
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
NEWCOMBE B-PER
PONDERS O
HIS O
DAVIS B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
FUTURE O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Australian B-MISC
Davis B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
captain O
John B-PER
Newcombe I-PER
on O
Thursday O
signalled O
his O
possible O
resignation O
if O
his O
team O
loses O
an O
away O
tie O
against O
Croatia B-LOC
next O
month O
. O

The O
former O
Wimbledon B-MISC
champion O
said O
the O
immediate O
future O
of O
Australia B-LOC
's O
Davis B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
coach O
Tony B-PER
Roche I-PER
could O
also O
be O
determined O
by O
events O
in O
Split B-LOC
. O

" O
If O
we O
lose O
this O
one O
, O
Tony B-PER
and O
I O
will O
have O
to O
have O
a O
good O
look O
at O
giving O
someone O
else O
a O
go O
, O
" O
Newcombe B-PER
was O
quoted O
as O
saying O
in O
Sydney B-LOC
's O
Daily B-ORG
Telegraph I-ORG
newspaper O
. O

Australia B-LOC
face O
Croatia B-LOC
in O
the O
world O
group O
qualifying O
tie O
on O
clay O
from O
September O
20-22 O
. O

Under O
Newcombe B-PER
's O
leadership O
, O
Australia B-LOC
were O
relegated O
from O
the O
elite O
world O
group O
last O
year O
, O
the O
first O
time O
the O
26-time O
Davis B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
winners O
had O
slipped O
from O
the O
top O
rank O
. O

Since O
taking O
over O
as O
captain O
from O
Neale B-PER
Fraser I-PER
in O
1994 O
, O
Newcombe B-PER
's O
record O
in O
tandem O
with O
Roche B-PER
, O
his O
former O
doubles O
partner O
, O
has O
been O
three O
wins O
and O
three O
losses O
. O

Newcombe B-PER
has O
selected O
Wimbledon B-MISC
semifinalist O
Jason B-PER
Stoltenberg I-PER
, O
Patrick B-PER
Rafter I-PER
, O
Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
, O
and O
Olympic B-MISC
doubles O
champions O
Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER
and O
Mark B-PER
Woodforde I-PER
to O
face O
the O
Croatians B-MISC
. O

The O
home O
side O
boasts O
world O
number O
six O
Goran B-PER
Ivanisevic I-PER
, O
and O
Newcombe B-PER
conceded O
his O
players O
would O
be O
hard-pressed O
to O
beat O
the O
Croatian B-MISC
number O
one O
. O

" O
We O
are O
ready O
to O
fight O
to O
our O
last O
breath O
-- O
Australia B-LOC
must O
play O
at O
its O
absolute O
best O
to O
win O
, O
" O
said O
Newcombe B-PER
, O
who O
described O
the O
tie O
as O
the O
toughest O
he O
has O
faced O
as O
captain O
. O

Australia B-LOC
last O
won O
the O
Davis B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
in O
1986 O
, O
but O
they O
were O
beaten O
finalists O
against O
Germany B-LOC
three O
years O
ago O
under O
Fraser B-PER
's O
guidance O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BADMINTON O
- O
MALAYSIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

KUALA B-LOC
LUMPUR I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Results O
in O
the O
Malaysian B-MISC

Open B-MISC
badminton O
tournament O
on O
Thursday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O

seeding O
) O
: O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
third O
round O

9/16 O
- O
Luo B-PER
Yigang I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Hwang B-PER
Sun-ho B-MISC
( O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
) O
15-3 O

15-7 O

Jason B-PER
Wong I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Abdul B-PER
Samad I-PER
Ismail I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
16-18 O

15-2 O
17-14 O

P. B-PER
Kantharoopan I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
beat O
3/4 O
- O
Jeroen B-PER
Van I-PER
Dijk I-PER

( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
15-11 O
18-14 O

Wijaya B-PER
Indra I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
5/8 O
- O
Pang B-PER
Chen I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
15-6 O

6-15 O
15-7 O

3/4 O
- O
Hu B-PER
Zhilan I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nunung B-PER
Subandoro I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
5-15 O

18-15 O
15-6 O

9/16 O
- O
Hermawan B-PER
Susanto I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
1 O
- O
Fung B-PER
Permadi I-PER
( O
Taiwan B-LOC
) O

15-8 O
15-12 O

Women O
's O
singles O
2nd O
round O

1 O
- O
Wang B-PER
Chen I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Cindana B-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
11-3 O
1ama B-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Margit B-PER
Borg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
11-6 O
11-6 O

Sun B-PER
Jian I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Marina B-PER
Andrievskaqya I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
11-8 O
11-2 O

5/8 O
- O
Meluawati B-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Chan B-PER
Chia I-PER
Fong I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
11-6 O

11-1 O

Gong B-PER
Zhichao I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Liu B-PER
Lufung I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
6-11 O
11-7 O
11-3 O

Zeng B-PER
Yaqiong I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Li B-PER
Feng I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
11-9 O
11-6 O

5/8 O
- O
Christine B-PER
Magnusson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ishwari B-PER
Boopathy I-PER

( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
11-1 O
10-12 O
11-4 O

2 O
- O
Zhang B-PER
Ning I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Olivia B-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
11-8 O
11-6 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
REVISED O
MEN O
'S O
DRAW O
FOR O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Revised O
singles O
draw O
for O
the O

U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
tennis O
championships O
beginning O
Monday O
at O
the O
U.S B-LOC
. O

National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
( O
prefix O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Men O
's O
Draw O

1 O
- O
Pete B-PER
Sampras I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Adrian B-PER
Voinea I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O

Jiri B-PER
Novak I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
vs. O
qualifier O

Magnus B-PER
Larsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Alexander B-PER
Volkov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O

Mikael B-PER
Tillstrom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
vs O
qualifier O

Qualifier O
vs. O
Andrei B-PER
Olhovskiy I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O

Mark B-PER
Woodforde I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O

Roberto B-PER
Carretero I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Jordi B-PER
Burillo I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

Francisco B-PER
Clavet I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
vs. O
16 O
- O
Cedric B-PER
Pioline I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O

------------------------ O

9 O
- O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
vs. O
qualifier O

Karol B-PER
Kucera I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Jonas B-PER
Bjorkman I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

Qualifier O
vs. O
Christian B-PER
Rudd I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O

Alex B-PER
Corretja I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Byron B-PER
Black I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O

David B-PER
Rikl I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
vs. O
Hicham B-PER
Arazi I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O

Sjeng B-PER
Schalken I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Gilbert B-PER
Schaller I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O

Grant B-PER
Stafford I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
vs. O
Guy B-PER
Forget I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O

Fernando B-PER
Meligeni I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
vs. O
7 O
- O
Yevgeny B-PER
Kafelnikov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O

------------------------ O

4 O
- O
Goran B-PER
Ivanisevic I-PER
( O
Croatia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Andrei B-PER
Chesnokov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O

Scott B-PER
Draper I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Galo B-PER
Blanco I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

Renzo B-PER
Furlan I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Thomas B-PER
Johansson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

Hendrik B-PER
Dreekman I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Greg B-PER
Rusedski I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O

Andrei B-PER
Medvedev I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Jean-Philippe B-PER
Fleurian I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O

Jan B-PER
Kroslak I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Chris B-PER
Woodruff I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

Qualifier O
vs. O
Petr B-PER
Korda I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O

Bohdan B-PER
Ulihrach I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
vs. O
14 O
- O
Alberto B-PER
Costa I-PER

( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

------------------------ O

12 O
- O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Younnes B-PER
El I-PER
Aynaoui I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O

Andrea B-PER
Gaudenzi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Shuzo B-PER
Matsuoka I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O

Doug B-PER
Flach I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
qualifier O

Mats B-PER
Wilander I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Tim B-PER
Henman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O

Paul B-PER
Haarhuis I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Michael B-PER
Joyce I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

Michael B-PER
Tebbutt I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Richey B-PER
Reneberg I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

Jonathan B-PER
Stark I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Bernd B-PER
Karbacher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O

Stefan B-PER
Edberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
vs. O
5 O
- O
Richard B-PER
Krajicek I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O

------------------------ O

6 O
- O
Andre B-PER
Agassi I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Mauricio B-PER
Hadad I-PER
( O
Colombia B-LOC
) O

Marcos B-PER
Ondruska I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
vs. O
Felix B-PER
Mantilla I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

Carlos B-PER
Moya I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Scott B-PER
Humphries I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

Jan B-PER
Siemerink I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Carl-Uwe B-PER
Steeb I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O

Qualifier O
vs. O
qualifier O

David B-PER
Wheaton I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Kevin B-PER
Kim I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

Nicolas B-PER
Lapentti I-PER
( O
Ecuador B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Alex B-PER
O'Brien I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

Karim B-PER
Alami I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
vs. O
11 O
- O
MaliVai B-PER
Washington I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

------------------------ O

13 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Enqvist I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Stephane B-PER
Simian I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O

Guillaume B-PER
Raoux I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Filip B-PER
Dewulf I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O

Mark B-PER
Knowles I-PER
( O
Bahamas B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Marcelo B-PER
Filippini I-PER
( O
Uruguay B-LOC
) O

Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
qualifier O

Kris B-PER
Goossens I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Sergi B-PER
Bruguera I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

Qualifier O
vs. O
Michael B-PER
Stich I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O

Qualifier O
vs. O
Chuck B-PER
Adams I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

Javier B-PER
Frana I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
vs. O
3 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Muster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O

------------------------ O

8 O
- O
Jim B-PER
Courier I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Javier B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

Jim B-PER
Grabb I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Sandon B-PER
Stolle I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O

Patrick B-PER
Rafter I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Kenneth B-PER
Carlsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O

Jason B-PER
Stoltenberg I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Stefano B-PER
Pescosolido I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

Arnaud B-PER
Boetsch I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Nicolas B-PER
Pereira I-PER
( O
Venezuela B-LOC
) O

Carlos B-PER
Costa I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Magnus B-PER
Gustafsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

Jeff B-PER
Tarango I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Alex B-PER
Radulescu I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O

Qualifier O
vs. O
10 O
- O
Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
( O
Chile B-LOC
) O

------------------------ O

15 O
- O
Marc B-PER
Rosset I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
vs. O
Jared B-PER
Palmer I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

Martin B-PER
Damm I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
vs. O
Hernan B-PER
Gumy I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O

Nicklas B-PER
Kulti I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Jakob B-PER
Hlasek I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O

Cecil B-PER
Mamiit I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Alberto B-PER
Berasategui I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

Vince B-PER
Spadea I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
vs. O
Daniel B-PER
Vacek I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O

David B-PER
Prinosil I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
vs. O
qualifier O

Qualifier O
vs. O
Tomas B-PER
Carbonell I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

Qualifier O
vs. O
2 O
- O
Michael B-PER
Chang I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
ORIOLES B-ORG
' O
MANAGER O
DAVEY B-PER
JOHNSON I-PER
HOSPITALIZED O
. O

BALTIMORE B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Baltimore B-ORG
Orioles I-ORG
manager O
Davey B-PER
Johnson I-PER
will O
miss O
Thursday O
night O
's O
game O
against O
the O
Seattle B-ORG
Mariners I-ORG
after O
being O
admitted O
to O
a O
hospital O
with O
an O
irregular O
heartbeat O
. O

The O
53-year-old O
Johnson B-PER
was O
hospitalized O
after O
experiencing O
dizziness O
. O

" O
He O
is O
in O
no O
danger O
and O
will O
be O
treated O
and O
observed O
this O
evening O
, O
" O
said O
Orioles B-ORG
team O
physician O
Dr. O
William B-PER
Goldiner I-PER
, O
adding O
that O
Johnson B-PER
is O
expected O
to O
be O
released O
on O
Friday O
. O

Orioles B-ORG
' O
bench O
coach O
Andy B-PER
Etchebarren I-PER
will O
manage O
the O
club O
in O
Johnson B-PER
's O
absence O
. O

Johnson B-PER
is O
the O
second O
manager O
to O
be O
hospitalized O
this O
week O
after O
California B-ORG
Angels I-ORG
skipper O
John B-PER
McNamara I-PER
was O
admitted O
to O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
's O
Columbia B-LOC
Presbyterian I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
with O
a O
blood O
clot O
in O
his O
left O
calf O
. O

Johnson B-PER
, O
who O
played O
eight O
seasons O
in O
Baltimore B-LOC
, O
was O
named O
Orioles B-ORG
manager O
in O
the O
off-season O
replacing O
Phil B-PER
Regan I-PER
. O

He O
led O
the O
Cincinnati B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
to O
the O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
Championship I-MISC
Series I-MISC
last O
year O
and O
guided O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Mets I-ORG
to O
a O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
championship O
in O
1986 O
. O

Baltimore B-ORG
has O
won O
16 O
of O
its O
last O
22 O
games O
to O
pull O
within O
five O
games O
of O
the O
slumping O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Yankees I-ORG
in O
the O
American B-MISC
League I-MISC
East I-MISC
Division I-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
WEDNESDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
72 O
53 O
.576 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
67 O
58 O
.536 O
5 O

BOSTON B-ORG
63 O
64 O
.496 O
10 O

TORONTO B-ORG
58 O
69 O
.457 O
15 O

DETROIT B-ORG
44 O
82 O
.349 O
28 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
76 O
51 O
.598 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
69 O
59 O
.539 O
7 O
1/2 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
63 O
63 O
.500 O
12 O
1/2 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
60 O
68 O
.469 O
16 O
1/2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
58 O
70 O
.453 O
18 O
1/2 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
73 O
54 O
.575 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
64 O
61 O
.512 O
8 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
62 O
67 O
.481 O
12 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
58 O
68 O
.460 O
14 O
1/2 O

THURSDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
22 O
SCHEDULE O

OAKLAND B-ORG
AT O
BOSTON B-LOC

SEATTLE B-ORG
AT O
BALTIMORE B-LOC

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

TORONTO B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

DETROIT B-ORG
AT O
KANSAS B-LOC
CITY I-LOC

TEXAS B-ORG
AT O
MINNESOTA B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
79 O
46 O
.632 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
67 O
58 O
.536 O
12 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
69 O
.461 O
21 O
1/2 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
58 O
69 O
.457 O
22 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
52 O
75 O
.409 O
28 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
68 O
59 O
.535 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
67 O
59 O
.532 O
1/2 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
63 O
62 O
.504 O
4 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
62 O
62 O
.500 O
4 O
1/2 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
53 O
73 O
.421 O
14 O
1/2 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
70 O
59 O
.543 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
66 O
60 O
.524 O
2 O
1/2 O

COLORADO B-ORG
65 O
62 O
.512 O
4 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
54 O
70 O
.435 O
13 O
1/2 O

THURSDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
22 O
SCHEDULE O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

CINCINNATI B-ORG
AT O
ATLANTA B-LOC

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
LOS B-LOC
ANGELES I-LOC

MONTREAL B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
WEDNESDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

California B-ORG
7 O
NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
1 O

DETROIT B-ORG
7 O
Chicago B-ORG
4 O

Milwaukee B-ORG
10 O
MINNESOTA B-ORG
7 O

BOSTON B-ORG
6 O
Oakland B-ORG
4 O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
10 O
Seattle B-ORG
5 O

Texas B-ORG
10 O
CLEVELAND B-ORG
8 O
( O
in O
10 O
) O

Toronto B-ORG
6 O
KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
2 O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

CHICAGO B-ORG
8 O
Florida B-ORG
3 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
12 O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
11 O

ATLANTA B-ORG
4 O
Cincinnati B-ORG
3 O

Pittsburgh B-ORG
5 O
HOUSTON B-ORG
2 O

COLORADO B-ORG
10 O
St B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
2 O

Philadelphia B-ORG
6 O
LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
0 O

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
7 O
Montreal B-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
GREER B-PER
HOMER O
IN O
10TH O
LIFTS O
TEXAS B-ORG
PAST O
INDIANS B-ORG
. O

CLEVELAND B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Rusty B-PER
Greer I-PER
's O
two-run O
homer O
in O
the O
top O
of O
the O
10th O
inning O
rallied O
the O
Texas B-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
to O
a O
10-8 O
victory O
over O
the O
Cleveland B-ORG
Indians I-ORG
Wednesday O
in O
the O
rubber O
game O
of O
a O
three-game O
series O
between O
division O
leaders O
. O

With O
one O
out O
, O
Greer B-PER
hit O
a O
1-1 O
pitch O
from O
Julian B-PER
Tavarez I-PER
( O
4-7 O
) O
over O
the O
right-field O
fence O
for O
his O
15th O
home O
run O
. O

" O
It O
was O
an O
off-speed O
pitch O
and O
I O
just O
tried O
to O
get O
a O
good O
swing O
on O
it O
and O
put O
it O
in O
play O
, O
" O
Greer B-PER
said O
. O
" O

This O
was O
a O
big O
game O
. O

The O
crowd O
was O
behind O
him O
and O
it O
was O
intense O
. O
" O

The O
shot O
brought O
home O
Ivan B-PER
Rodriguez I-PER
, O
who O
had O
his O
second O
double O
of O
the O
game O
, O
giving O
him O
42 O
this O
season O
, O
41 O
as O
a O
catcher O
. O

He O
joined O
Mickey B-PER
Cochrane I-PER
, O
Johnny B-PER
Bench I-PER
and O
Terry B-PER
Kennedy I-PER
as O
the O
only O
catchers O
with O
40 O
doubles O
in O
a O
season O
. O

The O
Rangers B-ORG
have O
won O
10 O
of O
their O
last O
12 O
games O
and O
six O
of O
nine O
meetings O
against O
the O
Indians B-ORG
this O
season O
. O

The O
American B-MISC
League I-MISC
Western I-MISC
leaders O
have O
won O
eight O
of O
15 O
games O
at O
Jacobs B-LOC
Field I-LOC
, O
joining O
the O
Yankees B-ORG
as O
the O
only O
teams O
with O
a O
winning O
record O
at O
the O
A.L. B-MISC
Central I-MISC
leaders O
' O
home O
. O

Cleveland B-ORG
lost O
for O
just O
the O
second O
time O
in O
six O
games O
. O

The O
Indians B-ORG
sent O
the O
game O
into O
extra O
innings O
in O
the O
ninth O
on O
Kenny B-PER
Lofton I-PER
's O
two-run O
single O
. O

Ed B-PER
Vosberg I-PER
( O
1-0 O
) O
blew O
his O
first O
save O
opportunity O
but O
got O
the O
win O
, O
allowing O
three O
hits O
with O
two O
walks O
and O
three O
strikeouts O
in O
1 O
2/3 O
scoreless O
innings O
. O

Dean B-PER
Palmer I-PER
hit O
his O
30th O
homer O
for O
the O
Rangers B-ORG
. O

In O
Baltimore B-LOC
, O
Cal B-PER
Ripken I-PER
had O
four O
hits O
and O
snapped O
a O
fifth-inning O
tie O
with O
a O
solo O
homer O
and O
Bobby B-PER
Bonilla I-PER
added O
a O
three-run O
shot O
in O
the O
seventh O
to O
power O
the O
surging O
Orioles B-ORG
to O
a O
10-5 O
victory O
over O
the O
Seattle B-ORG
Mariners I-ORG
. O

The O
Mariners B-ORG
scored O
four O
runs O
in O
the O
top O
of O
the O
fifth O
to O
tie O
the O
game O
5-5 O
but O
Ripken B-PER
led O
off O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
inning O
with O
his O
21st O
homer O
off O
starter O
Sterling B-PER
Hitchcock I-PER
( O
12-6 O
) O
. O

Bonilla B-PER
's O
blast O
was O
the O
first O
time O
Randy B-PER
Johnson I-PER
, O
last O
season O
's O
Cy B-PER
Young I-PER
winner O
, O
allowed O
a O
run O
in O
five O
relief O
appearances O
since O
coming O
off O
the O
disabled O
list O
on O
August O
6 O
. O

Bonilla B-PER
has O
21 O
RBI B-MISC
and O
15 O
runs O
in O
his O
last O
20 O
games O
. O

Baltimore B-LOC
has O
won O
seven O
of O
nine O
and O
16 O
of O
its O
last O
22 O
and O
cut O
the O
Yankees B-ORG
' O
lead O
in O
the O
A.L. B-MISC
East I-MISC
to O
five O
games O
. O

Scott B-PER
Erickson I-PER
( O
8-10 O
) O
laboured O
to O
his O
third O
straight O
win O
. O

Alex B-PER
Rodriguez I-PER
had O
two O
homers O
and O
four O
RBI B-MISC
for O
the O
Mariners B-ORG
, O
who O
have O
dropped O
three O
in O
a O
row O
and O
11 O
of O
15 O
. O

He O
became O
the O
fifth O
shortstop O
in O
major-league O
history O
to O
hit O
30 O
homers O
in O
a O
season O
and O
the O
first O
since O
Ripken B-PER
hit O
34 O
in O
1991 O
. O

Chris B-PER
Hoiles I-PER
hit O
his O
22nd O
homer O
for O
Baltimore B-LOC
. O

In O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
, O
Jason B-PER
Dickson I-PER
scattered O
10 O
hits O
over O
6 O
1/3 O
innings O
in O
his O
major-league O
debut O
and O
Chili B-PER
Davis I-PER
belted O
a O
homer O
from O
each O
side O
of O
the O
plate O
as O
the O
California B-ORG
Angels I-ORG
defeated O
the O
Yankees B-ORG
7-1 O
. O

Dickson B-PER
allowed O
a O
homer O
to O
Derek B-PER
Jeter I-PER
on O
his O
first O
major-league O
pitch O
but O
settled O
down O
. O

He O
was O
the O
27th O
pitcher O
used O
by O
the O
Angels B-ORG
this O
season O
, O
tying O
a O
major-league O
record O
. O

Jimmy B-PER
Key I-PER
( O
9-10 O
) O
took O
the O
loss O
as O
the O
Yankees B-ORG
lost O
their O
ninth O
in O
14 O
games O
. O

They O
stranded O
11 O
baserunners O
. O

California B-LOC
played O
without O
interim O
manager O
John B-PER
McNamara I-PER
, O
who O
was O
admitted O
to O
a O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
hospital O
with O
a O
blood O
clot O
in O
his O
right O
calf O
. O

In O
Boston B-LOC
, O
Mike B-PER
Stanley I-PER
's O
bases-loaded O
two-run O
single O
snapped O
an O
eighth-inning O
tie O
and O
gave O
the O
Red B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
their O
third O
straight O
win O
, O
6-4 O
over O
the O
Oakland B-ORG
Athletics I-ORG
. O

Stanley B-PER
owns O
a O
.367 O
career O
batting O
average O
with O
the O
bases O
loaded O
( O
33-for-90 O
) O
. O

Boston B-LOC
's O
Mo B-PER
Vaughn I-PER
went O
3-for-3 O
with O
a O
walk O
, O
stole O
home O
for O
one O
of O
his O
three O
runs O
scored O
and O
collected O
his O
116th O
RBI B-MISC
. O

Scott B-PER
Brosius I-PER
homered O
and O
drove O
in O
two O
runs O
for O
the O
Athletics B-ORG
, O
who O
have O
lost O
seven O
of O
their O
last O
nine O
games O
. O

In O
Detroit B-LOC
, O
Brad B-PER
Ausmus I-PER
's O
three-run O
homer O
capped O
a O
four-run O
eighth O
and O
lifted O
the O
Tigers B-ORG
to O
a O
7-4 O
victory O
over O
the O
reeling O
Chicago B-ORG
White I-ORG
Sox I-ORG
. O

The O
Tigers B-ORG
have O
won O
consecutive O
games O
after O
dropping O
eight O
in O
a O
row O
, O
but O
have O
won O
nine O
of O
their O
last O
12 O
at O
home O
. O

The O
White B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
have O
lost O
six O
of O
their O
last O
eight O
games O
. O

In O
Kansas B-LOC
City I-LOC
, O
Juan B-PER
Guzman I-PER
tossed O
a O
complete-game O
six-hitter O
to O
win O
for O
the O
first O
time O
in O
over O
a O
month O
and O
lower O
his O
league-best O
ERA B-MISC
as O
the O
Toronto B-ORG
Blue I-ORG
Jays I-ORG
won O
their O
fourth O
straight O
, O
6-2 O
over O
the O
Royals B-ORG
. O

Guzman B-PER
( O
10-8 O
) O
won O
for O
the O
first O
time O
since O
July O
16 O
, O
a O
span O
of O
six O
starts O
. O

He O
allowed O
two O
runs O
-- O
one O
earned O
-- O
and O
lowered O
his O
ERA B-MISC
to O
2.99 O
. O

At O
Minnesota B-LOC
, O
John B-PER
Jaha I-PER
's O
three-run O
homer O
, O
his O
26th O
, O
capped O
a O
five-run O
eighth O
inning O
that O
rallied O
the O
Milwaukee B-ORG
Brewers I-ORG
to O
a O
10-7 O
victory O
over O
the O
Twins B-ORG
. O

Jaha B-PER
added O
an O
RBI B-MISC
single O
in O
the O
ninth O
and O
had O
four O
RBI B-MISC
. O

Jose B-PER
Valentin I-PER
hit O
his O
21st O
homer O
for O
Milwaukee B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
COCU B-PER
DOUBLE O
EARNS O
PSV B-ORG
4-1 O
WIN O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Philip B-PER
Cocu I-PER
scored O
twice O
in O
the O
second O
half O
to O
spur O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
to O
a O
4-1 O
away O
win O
over O
NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
in O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O
on O
Thursday O
. O

He O
scored O
from O
close O
range O
in O
the O
54th O
minute O
and O
from O
a O
bicycle O
kick O
13 O
minutes O
later O
. O

Arthur B-PER
Numan I-PER
and O
Luc B-PER
Nilis I-PER
, O
Dutch B-MISC
top O
scorer O
last O
season O
, O
were O
PSV B-ORG
's O
other O
marksmen O
. O

Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
opened O
their O
title O
defence O
with O
a O
1-0 O
win O
over O
NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARY O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Summary O
of O
Thursday O
's O
only O

Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O
match O
: O

NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
1 O
( O
Van O
Eykeren O
15th O
) O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
4 O
( O
Numan O
11th O
, O

Nilis B-PER
42nd O
, O
Cocu B-PER
54th O
, O
67th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-2 O
. O

Attendance O
8,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULT O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Result O
of O
a O
Dutch B-MISC
first O

division O
match O
on O
Thursday O
: O

NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
1 O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SHARPSHOOTER O
KNUP B-PER
BACK O
IN O
SWISS B-MISC
SQUAD O
. O

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Galatasaray B-ORG
striker O
Adrian B-PER
Knup I-PER
, O
scorer O
of O
26 O
goals O
in O
45 O
internationals O
, O
has O
been O
recalled O
by O
Switzerland B-LOC
for O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
against O
Azerbaijan B-LOC
in O
Baku B-LOC
on O
August O
31 O
. O

Knup B-PER
was O
overlooked O
by O
Artur B-PER
Jorge I-PER
for O
the O
European B-MISC
championship O
finals O
earlier O
this O
year O
. O

But O
new O
coach O
Rolf B-PER
Fringer I-PER
is O
clearly O
a O
Knup B-PER
fan O
and O
included O
him O
in O
his O
19-man O
squad O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Switzerland B-LOC
failed O
to O
progress O
beyond O
the O
opening O
group O
phase O
in O
Euro B-MISC
96 I-MISC
. O

Squad O
: O

Goalkeepers O
- O
Marco B-PER
Pascolo I-PER
( O
Cagliari B-ORG
) O
, O
Pascal B-PER
Zuberbuehler I-PER
( O
Grasshoppers B-ORG
) O
. O

Defenders O
- O
Stephane B-PER
Henchoz I-PER
( O
Hamburg B-ORG
) O
, O
Marc B-PER
Hottiger I-PER
( O
Everton B-ORG
) O
, O
Yvan B-PER
Quentin I-PER
( O
Sion B-ORG
) O
, O
Ramon B-PER
Vega I-PER
( O
Cagliari B-ORG
) O
Raphael B-PER
Wicky I-PER
( O
Sion B-ORG
) O
. O

Midfielders O
- O
Alexandre B-PER
Comisetti I-PER
( O
Grasshoppers B-ORG
) O
, O
Antonio B-PER
Esposito I-PER
( O
Grasshoppers B-ORG
) O
, O
Sebastien B-PER
Fournier I-PER
( O
Stuttgart B-LOC
) O
, O
Christophe B-PER
Ohrel I-PER
( O
Lausanne B-LOC
) O
, O
Patrick B-PER
Sylvestre I-PER
( O
Sion B-ORG
) O
, O
David B-PER
Sesa I-PER
( O
Servette B-ORG
) O
, O
Ciriaco B-PER
Sforza I-PER
( O
Inter B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
) O
Murat B-PER
Yakin I-PER
( O
Grasshoppers B-ORG
) O
. O

Strikers O
- O
Kubilay B-PER
Turkyilmaz I-PER
( O
Grasshoppers B-ORG
) O
, O
Adrian B-PER
Knup I-PER
( O
Galatasaray B-ORG
) O
, O
Christophe B-PER
Bonvin I-PER
( O
Sion B-ORG
) O
, O
Stephane B-PER
Chapuisat I-PER
( O
Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
IT O
'S O
A O
RECORD O
- O
40,000 O
BEERS O
ON O
THE O
HOUSE O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Spectators O
at O
Friday O
's O
Brussels B-LOC
grand O
prix O
meeting O
have O
an O
extra O
incentive O
to O
cheer O
on O
the O
athletes O
to O
world O
record O
performances O
-- O
a O
free O
glass O
of O
beer O
. O

A O
Belgian B-MISC
brewery O
has O
offered O
to O
pay O
for O
a O
free O
round O
of O
drinks O
for O
all O
of O
the O
40,000 O
crowd O
if O
a O
world O
record O
goes O
at O
the O
meeting O
, O
organisers O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

It O
could O
be O
one O
of O
the O
most O
expensive O
rounds O
of O
drinks O
ever O
. O

The O
meeting O
is O
sold O
out O
already O
. O

Two O
world O
records O
are O
in O
serious O
danger O
of O
being O
broken O
at O
the O
meeting O
-- O
the O
women O
's O
1,000 O
metres O
and O
the O
men O
's O
3,000 O
metres O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
FIRST O
ROUND O
SCORES O
. O

STUTTGART B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Leading O
first O
round O

scores O
in O
the O
German B-MISC
Open I-MISC
golf O
championship O
on O
Thursday O
( O
Britain B-LOC

unless O
stated O
) O
: O

62 O
Paul B-PER
Broadhurst I-PER

63 O
Raymond B-PER
Russell I-PER

64 O
David B-PER
J. I-PER
Russell I-PER
, O
Michael B-PER
Campbell I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
, O
Ian B-PER

Woosnam B-PER
, O
Bernhard B-PER
Langer I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
, O
Ronan B-PER
Rafferty I-PER
, O
Mats B-PER

Lanner B-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Wayne B-PER
Riley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O

65 O
Eamonn B-PER
Darcy I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
, O
Per B-PER
Nyman I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Russell B-PER
Claydon I-PER
, O

Mark B-PER
Roe I-PER
, O
Retief B-PER
Goosen I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
, O
Carl B-PER
Suneson I-PER

66 O
Stephen B-PER
Field I-PER
, O
Paul B-PER
Lawrie I-PER
, O
Ian B-PER
Pyman I-PER
, O
Max B-PER
Anglert I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Miles B-PER
Tunnicliff I-PER
, O
Christian B-PER
Cevaer I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
, O

Des B-PER
Smyth I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
, O
David B-PER
Carter I-PER
, O
Lee B-PER
Westwood I-PER
, O
Greg B-PER

Chalmers B-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
, O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O

Thomas B-PER
Bjorn I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
, O
Fernando B-PER
Roca I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Derrick B-PER

Cooper B-PER

67 O
Jeff B-PER
Hawksworth I-PER
, O
Padraig B-PER
Harrington I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
, O
Michael B-PER

Welch B-PER
, O
Thomas B-PER
Gogele I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
, O
Paul B-PER
McGinley I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
, O

Gary B-PER
Orr I-PER
, O
Jose-Maria B-PER
Canizares I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Michael B-PER
Jonzon I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Paul B-PER
Eales I-PER
, O
David B-PER
Williams I-PER
, O
Andrew B-PER
Coltart I-PER
, O

Jonathan B-PER
Lomas I-PER
, O
Jose B-PER
Rivero I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Robert B-PER
Karlsson I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Marcus B-PER
Wills I-PER
, O
Pedro B-PER
Linhart I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Jamie B-PER

Spence B-PER
, O
Terry B-PER
Price I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
, O
Juan B-PER
Carlos I-PER
Pinero I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O

Mark B-PER
Mouland I-PER

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
UEFA B-ORG
REWARDS O
THREE O
COUNTRIES O
FOR O
FAIR O
PLAY O
. O

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Norway B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
and O
Sweden B-LOC
were O
rewarded O
for O
their O
fair O
play O
on O
Thursday O
with O
an O
additional O
place O
in O
the O
1997-98 O
UEFA B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
competition O
. O

Norway B-LOC
headed O
the O
UEFA B-MISC
Fair I-MISC
Play I-MISC
rankings O
for O
1995-96 O
with O
8.62 O
points O
, O
ahead O
of O
England B-LOC
with O
8.61 O
and O
Sweden B-LOC
8.57 O
. O

The O
rankings O
are O
based O
on O
a O
formula O
that O
takes O
into O
account O
many O
factors O
including O
red O
and O
yellow O
cards O
, O
and O
coaching O
and O
spectators O
' O
behaviour O
at O
matches O
played O
at O
an O
international O
level O
by O
clubs O
and O
national O
teams O
. O

Only O
the O
top O
three O
countries O
are O
allocated O
additional O
places O
. O

The O
UEFA B-MISC
Fair I-MISC
Play I-MISC
rankings O
are O
: O
1 O
. O

Norway B-LOC
8.62 O
points O

2. O
England B-LOC
8.61 O

3. O
Sweden B-LOC
8.57 O

4. O
Faroe B-LOC
Islands I-LOC
8.56 O

5. O
Wales B-LOC
8.54 O

6. O
Estonia B-LOC
8.52 O

7. O
Ireland B-LOC
8.45 O

8. O
Belarus B-LOC
8.39 O

9. O
Iceland B-LOC
8.35 O

10. O
Netherlands B-LOC
8.30 O

10. O
Denmark B-LOC
8.30 O

10. O
Germany B-LOC
8.30 O

13. O
Scotland B-LOC
8.29 O

13. O
Latvia B-LOC
8.29 O

15. O
Moldova B-LOC
8.24 O

16. O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
8.22 O

16. O
Belgium B-LOC
8.22 O

18. O
Luxembourg B-LOC
8.20 O

19. O
France B-LOC
8.18 O

20. O
Israel B-LOC
8.17 O

21. O
Switzerland B-LOC
8.15 O

21. O
Slovakia B-LOC
8.15 O

23. O
Poland B-LOC
8.12 O

23. O
Portugal B-LOC
8.12 O

25. O
Georgia B-LOC
8.10 O

26. O
Ukraine B-LOC
8.09 O

26. O
Spain B-LOC
8.09 O

26. O
Finland B-LOC
8.09 O

29. O
Macedonia B-LOC
8.07 O

30. O
Lithuania B-LOC
8.06 O

31. O
Austria B-LOC
8.05 O

32. O
Russia B-LOC
8.03 O

33. O
Romania B-LOC
8.02 O

33. O
Turkey B-LOC
8.02 O

35. O
Hungary B-LOC
7.98 O

36. O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
7.95 O

37. O
Greece B-LOC
7.89 O

37. O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
7.89 O

39. O
Italy B-LOC
7.85 O

40. O
Cyprus B-LOC
7.83 O

41. O
Armenia B-LOC
7.80 O

42. O
Slovenia B-LOC
7.77 O

43. O
Croatia B-LOC
7.75 O

44. O
Bulgaria B-LOC
7.73 O

45. O
Malta B-LOC
7.40 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
POLICE O
COMMANDOS O
ON O
HAND O
FOR O
AUSTRALIANS B-MISC
' O
FIRST O
MATCH O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Armed O
police O
commandos O
patrolled O
the O
ground O
when O
Australia B-LOC
opened O
their O
short O
tour O
of O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
with O
a O
five-run O
win O
over O
the O
country O
's O
youth O
team O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Australia B-LOC
, O
in O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
for O
a O
limited O
overs O
tournament O
which O
also O
includes O
India B-LOC
and O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
, O
have O
been O
promised O
the O
presence O
of O
commandos O
, O
sniffer O
dogs O
and O
plainclothes O
policemen O
to O
ensure O
the O
tournament O
is O
trouble-free O
. O

They O
are O
making O
their O
first O
visit O
to O
the O
island O
since O
boycotting O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
fixture O
in O
February O
because O
of O
fears O
over O
ethnic O
violence O
. O

Australia B-LOC
, O
batting O
first O
in O
Thursday O
's O
the O
warm-up O
match O
, O
scored O
251 O
for O
seven O
from O
their O
50 O
overs O
. O

Ricky B-PER
Ponting I-PER
led O
the O
way O
with O
100 O
off O
119 O
balls O
with O
two O
sixes O
and O
nine O
fours O
before O
retiring O
. O

The O
youth O
side O
replied O
with O
246 O
for O
seven O
. O

Australian B-MISC
coach O
Geoff B-PER
Marsh I-PER
said O
he O
was O
impressed O
with O
the O
competitiveness O
of O
the O
opposition O
. O

" O
We O
were O
made O
to O
sweat O
to O
win O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ONE O
ROMANIAN B-MISC
DIES O
IN O
BUS O
CRASH O
IN O
BULGARIA B-LOC
. O

SOFIA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

One O
Romanian B-MISC
passenger O
was O
killed O
, O
and O
14 O
others O
were O
injured O
on O
Thursday O
when O
a O
Romanian-registered B-MISC
bus O
collided O
with O
a O
Bulgarian B-MISC
one O
in O
northern O
Bulgaria B-LOC
, O
police O
said O
. O

The O
two O
buses O
collided O
head O
on O
at O
5 O
o'clock O
this O
morning O
on O
the O
road O
between O
the O
towns O
of O
Rousse B-LOC
and O
Veliko B-LOC
Tarnovo I-LOC
, O
police O
said O
. O

A O
Romanian B-MISC
woman O
Maria B-PER
Marco I-PER
, O
35 O
, O
was O
killed O
. O

The O
accident O
was O
being O
investigated O
, O
police O
added O
. O

-- O
Sofia B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
359-2-84561 O

-DOCSTART- O

OFFICIAL B-ORG
JOURNAL I-ORG
CONTENTS O
- O
OJ B-ORG
L O
211 O
OF O
AUGUST O
21 O
, O
1996 O
. O

* O

( O
Note O
- O
contents O
are O
displayed O
in O
reverse O
order O
to O
that O
in O
the O
printed O
Journal B-ORG
) O

* O

Corrigendum O
to O
Commission B-MISC
Regulation I-MISC
( O
EC B-ORG
) O
No O
1464/96 O
of O
25 O
July O
1996 O
relating O
to O
a O
standing O
invitation O
to O
tender O
to O
determine O
levies O
and O
/ O
or O
refunds O
on O
exports O
of O
white O
sugar O
( O
OJ O
No O
L O
187 O
of O
26.7.1996 O
) O

Corrigendum O
to O
Commission B-MISC
Regulation I-MISC
( O
EC B-ORG
) O
No O
658/96 O
of O
9 O
April O
1996 O
on O
certain O
conditions O
for O
granting O
compensatory O
payments O
under O
the O
support O
system O
for O
producers O
of O
certain O
arable O
crops O
( O
OJ B-ORG
No O
L O
91 O
of O
12.4.1996 O
) O

Commission B-MISC
Regulation I-MISC
( O
EC B-ORG
) O
No O
1663/96 O
of O
20 O
August O
1996 O
establishing O
the O
standard O
import O
values O
for O
determining O
the O
entry O
price O
of O
certain O
fruit O
and O
vegetables O
END O
OF O
DOCUMENT O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

In B-ORG
Home I-ORG
Health I-ORG
to O
appeal O
payment O
denial O
. O

MINNETONKA B-LOC
, O
Minn B-LOC
. O

1996-08-22 O

In B-ORG
Home I-ORG
Health I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
will O
appeal O
to O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Federal I-ORG
District I-ORG
Court I-ORG
in O
Minneapolis B-LOC
a O
decision O
by O
the O
Health B-ORG
Care I-ORG
Financing I-ORG
Administration I-ORG
( O
HCFA B-ORG
) O
that O
denied O
reimbursement O
of O
certain O
costs O
under O
Medicaid B-MISC
. O

The O
HCFA B-ORG
Administrator O
reversed O
a O
previously O
favorable O
decision O
regarding O
the O
reimbursement O
of O
costs O
related O
to O
the O
company O
's O
community O
liaison O
personnel O
, O
it O
added O
. O

The O
company O
said O
it O
continues O
to O
believe O
the O
majority O
of O
the O
community O
liaison O
costs O
are O
coverable O
under O
the O
terms O
of O
the O
Medicare B-MISC
program O
. O

" O
We O
are O
disappointed O
with O
the O
administrator O
's O
decision O
but O
we O
continue O
to O
be O
optimistic O
regarding O
an O
ultimate O
favorable O
resolution O
, O
" O
Mark B-PER
Gildea I-PER
, O
chief O
executive O
officer O
, O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

In B-ORG
Home I-ORG
Health I-ORG
said O
it O
previously O
recorded O
a O
reserve O
equal O
to O
16 O
percent O
of O
all O
revenue O
related O
to O
the O
community O
liaison O
costs O
. O

Separately O
, O
In B-ORG
Home I-ORG
Health I-ORG
said O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
District I-ORG
Court I-ORG
in O
Minneapolis B-LOC
ruled O
in O
its O
favor O
regarding O
the O
reimbursement O
of O
certain O
interest O
expenses O
. O

This O
decision O
will O
result O
in O
the O
reimbursement O
by O
Medicare B-MISC
of O
$ O
81,000 O
in O
disputed O
costs O
. O

" O
This O
is O
our O
first O
decision O
in O
federal O
distrct O
court O
regarding O
a O
dispute O
with O
Medicare B-MISC
, O
" O
Gildea B-PER
said O
. O
" O

We O
are O
extremely O
pleased O
with O
this O
decision O
and O
we O
recognize O
it O
as O
a O
significant O
step O
toward O
resolution O
of O
our O
outstanding O
Medicare B-MISC
disputes O
. O
" O

-- O
Chicago B-ORG
Newsdesk I-ORG
312-408-8787 O

-DOCSTART- O

Oppenheimer B-ORG
Capital I-ORG
to O
review O
Oct. O
div O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Oppenheimer B-ORG
Capital I-ORG
LP I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
will O
review O
its O
cash O
distribution O
rate O
for O
the O
October O
quarterly O
distribution O
, O
assuming O
continued O
favorable O
results O
. O

The O
company O
, O
which O
reported O
improved O
first O
quarter O
earnings O
for O
the O
period O
ended O
July O
31 O
, O
1996 O
, O
declared O
a O
quarterly O
distribution O
of O
$ O
0.65 O
per O
partnership O
unit O
for O
the O
quarter O
ended O
July O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Best B-ORG
sees O
Q2 O
loss O
similar O
to O
Q1 O
loss O
. O

RICHMOND B-LOC
, O
Va B-LOC
. O

1996-08-22 O

Best B-ORG
Products I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Chairman O
and O
Chief O
Executive O
Daniel B-PER
Levy I-PER
said O
Thursday O
he O
expected O
the O
company O
's O
second-quarter O
results O
to O
be O
similar O
to O
the O
$ O
34.6 O
million O
loss O
posted O
in O
the O
first O
quarter O
. O

He O
also O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
before O
the O
retailer O
's O
annual O
meeting O
that O
the O
second O
quarter O
could O
be O
better O
than O
the O
first O
quarter O
ended O
May O
4 O
. O
" O

We O
could O
do O
even O
better O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
second-quarter O
results O
are O
expected O
to O
be O
released O
in O
September O
. O

Levy B-PER
said O
seeking O
bankruptcy O
protection O
was O
not O
under O
consideration O
. O

Best B-ORG
emerged O
from O
Chapter B-MISC
11 I-MISC
bankruptcy O
protection O
in O
June O
1994 O
after O
3-1/2 O
years O
. O

" O
Bankruptcy O
is O
always O
possible O
, O
particularly O
when O
you O
lose O
what O
we O
are O
going O
to O
lose O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
this O
year O
, O
" O
Levy B-PER
said O
. O
" O

But O
this O
is O
not O
something O
we O
are O
striving O
to O
do O
. O
" O

The O
Richmond-based B-MISC
retailer O
lost O
$ O
95.7 O
million O
in O
the O
fiscal O
year O
ended O
February O
3 O
. O

That O
was O
the O
second-largest O
loss O
in O
the O
company O
's O
history O
. O

Levy B-PER
said O
that O
Best B-ORG
planned O
to O
open O
two O
new O
stores O
this O
fall O
. O

The O
company O
announced O
in O
March O
that O
it O
was O
closing O
seven O
stores O
and O
backing O
out O
of O
nine O
new O
lease O
agreements O
. O

At O
the O
time O
, O
Best B-ORG
said O
it O
did O
not O
plan O
to O
open O
any O
new O
stores O
this O
fall O
. O

It O
currently O
operates O
169 O
stores O
in O
23 O
states O
. O

For O
last O
year O
's O
second O
quarter O
, O
which O
ended O
July O
29 O
, O
1995 O
, O
Best B-ORG
posted O
a O
loss O
of O
$ O
7.1 O
million O
, O
or O
$ O
0.23 O
per O
share O
, O
on O
sales O
of O
$ O
311.9 O
million O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Measles O
exposure O
can O
lead O
to O
bowel O
disease O
- O
study O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Women O
who O
get O
measles O
while O
pregnant O
may O
have O
babies O
at O
higher O
risk O
of O
Crohn B-PER
's O
disease O
, O
a O
debilitating O
bowel O
disorder O
, O
researchers O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Three O
out O
of O
four O
Swedish B-MISC
babies O
born O
to O
mothers O
who O
caught O
measles O
developed O
serious O
cases O
of O
Crohn B-PER
's O
disease O
, O
the O
researchers O
said O
. O

Dr O
Andrew B-PER
Wakefield I-PER
of O
the O
Royal B-LOC
Free I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
School I-LOC
of I-LOC
Medicine I-LOC
and O
colleagues O
screened O
25,000 O
babies O
delivered O
at O
University B-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
, O
Uppsala B-LOC
, O
between O
1940 O
and O
1949 O
. O

Four O
of O
the O
mothers O
had O
measles O
while O
pregnant O
. O

" O
Three O
of O
the O
four O
children O
had O
Crohn B-PER
's O
disease O
, O
" O
Wakefield B-PER
's O
group O
wrote O
in O
the O
Lancet B-ORG
medical O
journal O
. O

Crohn B-PER
's O
is O
an O
inflammation O
of O
the O
bowel O
that O
can O
sometimes O
require O
surgery O
. O

It O
causes O
diarrhoea O
, O
abdominal O
pain O
and O
weight O
loss O
. O

The O
researchers O
said O
the O
three O
children O
involved O
had O
especially O
severe O
cases O
. O

Exposure O
to O
viruses O
can O
often O
cause O
birth O
defects O
. O

Most O
notably O
, O
women O
who O
get O
rubella O
( O
German B-MISC
measles O
) O
have O
a O
high O
risk O
of O
a O
stillborn O
baby O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

All O
the O
key O
numbers O
- O
CBI B-ORG
August O
industrial O
trends O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Following O
are O
key O
data O
from O
the O
August O
monthly O
survey O
of O
trends O
in O
UK B-LOC
manufacturing O
by O
the O
Confederation B-ORG
of I-ORG
British I-ORG
Industry I-ORG
( O
CBI B-ORG
) O
. O

CBI B-ORG
MONTHLY O
TRENDS O
ENQUIRY O
( O
a O
) O
AUG O
JULY O
JUNE O
MAY O

- O
total O
order O
book O
- O
10 O
- O
22 O
- O
13 O
- O
17 O

- O
export O
order O
book O
- O
14 O
- O
13 O
- O
11 O
- O
7 O

- O
stocks O
of O
finished O
goods O
+17 O
+19 O
+17 O
+25 O

- O
output O
expectations O
* O
+22 O
+22 O
+12 O
+16 O

- O
domestic O
price O
expectations O
* O
0 O
- O
1 O
+6 O
+4 O

NOTES O
- O
* O
over O
the O
coming O
four O
months O
; O

- O
( O
a O
) O
in O
percent O
, O
giving O
balance O
between O
those O

replying O
" O
above O
normal O
" O
and O
those O
replying O
" O
below O
normal O
. O
" O

The O
survey O
was O
conducted O
between O
July O
23 O
and O
August O
14 O
and O
involved O
1,305 O
companies O
, O
representing O
50 O
industries O
, O
accounting O
for O
around O
half O
of O
the O
UK B-LOC
's O
manufactured O
exports O
and O
some O
two O
million O
employees O
. O

-- O
Rosemary B-PER
Bennett I-PER
, O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7715 O

-DOCSTART- O

London B-LOC
shipsales O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

- O
Secondhand O
tonnage O
brokers O
reported O
the O
sale O
of O
the O
following O
vessels O
. O

Iron B-MISC
Gippsland I-MISC
- O
( O
built O
1989 O
) O
87,241 O
dwt O
sold O
to O
Greek B-MISC
buyers O
for O
$ O
30 O
million O
. O

Sairyu B-MISC
Maru I-MISC
No I-MISC
: I-MISC
2 I-MISC
- O
( O
built O
1982 O
) O
60,960 O
dwt O
sold O
to O
Greek B-MISC
buyers O
for O
$ O
15.5 O
million O
. O

Stainless B-MISC
Fighter I-MISC
- O
( O
built O
1970 O
) O
21,718 O
dwt O
sold O
at O
auction O
for O
$ O
6 O
million O
. O

Some O
of O
these O
sales O
may O
not O
be O
final O
as O
they O
may O
be O
subject O
to O
inspection O
, O
survey O
or O
other O
conditions O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Garlic O
pills O
do O
n't O
lower O
cholesterol O
, O
study O
finds O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Garlic O
pills O
may O
not O
lower O
blood O
cholesterol O
and O
studies O
that O
show O
they O
do O
may O
be O
flawed O
, O
British B-MISC
researchers O
have O
reported O
. O

A O
study O
by O
a O
team O
of O
doctors O
at O
Oxford B-ORG
University I-ORG
has O
found O
people O
with O
high O
blood O
cholesterol O
do O
not O
benefit O
significantly O
from O
taking O
garlic O
tablets O
. O

The O
study O
involved O
115 O
people O
with O
high O
blood O
cholesterol O
levels O
. O

They O
were O
given O
900 O
milligrams O
a O
day O
of O
dried O
garlic O
powder O
or O
placebo O
tablets O
. O
" O

There O
were O
no O
significant O
differences O
between O
the O
groups O
receiving O
garlic O
and O
placebo O
, O
" O
they O
wrote O
in O
the O
Journal B-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
Royal I-ORG
College I-ORG
of I-ORG
Physicians I-ORG
. O

Those O
taking O
part O
were O
told O
to O
eat O
a O
low-fat O
diet O
for O
six O
weeks O
before O
they O
started O
taking O
the O
pills O
, O
and O
their O
blood O
cholesterol O
measured O
before O
and O
after O
the O
six-week O
period O
. O

The O
researchers O
said O
this O
would O
make O
their O
findings O
more O
accurate O
. O

Several O
studies O
have O
found O
garlic O
pills O
can O
lower O
blood O
pressure O
and O
blood O
cholesterol O
. O

But O
the O
Oxford B-LOC
team O
disputed O
these O
findings O
and O
said O
either O
previous O
trials O
may O
have O
been O
interpreted O
incorrectly O
, O
those O
taking O
part O
were O
not O
given O
special O
diets O
beforehand O
or O
the O
duration O
of O
the O
studies O
may O
have O
been O
too O
short O
. O

The O
six-month O
trial O
was O
funded O
by O
the O
British B-ORG
Heart I-ORG
Foundation I-ORG
and O
Lichtwer B-ORG
Pharma I-ORG
GmbH I-ORG
, O
which O
makes O
Kwai B-MISC
brand O
garlic O
tablets O
. O

The O
study O
did O
not O
address O
whether O
whole O
garlic O
could O
affect O
cholesterol O
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7950 O

-DOCSTART- O

Britain B-LOC
gives O
aid O
to O
volcano-hit O
Caribbean B-LOC
island O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Britain B-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
would O
give O
25 O
million O
pounds O
( O
$ O
39 O
million O
) O
of O
development O
aid O
to O
the O
Caribbean B-LOC
island O
of O
Montserrat B-LOC
, O
where O
much O
of O
the O
population O
living O
in O
the O
south O
has O
fled O
to O
avoid O
a O
volcano O
. O

The O
volcano O
in O
the O
Soufriere O
hills O
has O
erupted O
three O
times O
in O
the O
past O
13 O
months O
and O
last O
April O
some O
4,500 O
people O
living O
in O
the O
capital O
, O
Plymouth B-ORG
, O
and O
southern O
areas O
were O
evacuated O
to O
the O
north O
, O
where O
many O
are O
living O
in O
public O
shelters O
and O
schools O
. O

" O
This O
assistance O
will O
provide O
a O
fast O
track O
development O
programme O
for O
the O
designated O
( O
northern O
) O
safe O
area O
, O
" O
Britain B-LOC
's O
Overseas B-ORG
Development I-ORG
Administration I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

Britain B-LOC
gave O
8.5 O
million O
pounds O
( O
$ O
13 O
million O
) O
to O
Montserrat B-LOC
, O
which O
is O
one O
of O
its O
dependent O
territories O
, O
when O
the O
volcano O
first O
became O
active O
. O

Overseas O
Development O
Minister O
Lynda B-PER
Chalker I-PER
said O
a O
recent O
census O
had O
shown O
most O
Montserratians B-MISC
wanted O
to O
remain O
on O
the O
island O
. O
" O

The O
development O
of O
the O
north O
will O
help O
them O
to O
do O
just O
that O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Tennis O
- O
Philippoussis B-PER
looms O
for O
Sampras B-PER
in O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

Bill B-PER
Berkrot I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

World O
number O
one O
Pete B-PER
Sampras I-PER
, O
seeking O
his O
first O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
title O
of O
the O
year O
, O
and O
women O
's O
top O
seed O
Steffi B-PER
Graf I-PER
, O
aiming O
for O
her O
third O
, O
should O
be O
able O
to O
ease O
into O
the O
year O
's O
final O
major O
, O
which O
begins O
on O
Monday O
. O

Sampras B-PER
opens O
the O
defence O
of O
his O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
crown O
against O
David B-PER
Rikl I-PER
of O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
, O
while O
top-ranked O
Graf B-PER
begins O
her O
title O
defence O
against O
Yayuk B-PER
Basuki I-PER
of O
Indonesia B-LOC
. O

Wednesday O
's O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
draw O
ceremony O
revealed O
that O
both O
title O
holders O
should O
run O
into O
their O
first O
serious O
opposition O
in O
the O
third O
round O
. O

Looming O
in O
Sampras B-PER
's O
future O
is O
a O
likely O
third-round O
date O
with O
recent O
nemesis O
Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
, O
the O
rising O
Australian B-MISC
who O
took O
out O
Sampras B-PER
in O
the O
third O
round O
of O
the O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
in O
January O
. O

Sampras B-PER
avenged O
that O
defeat O
with O
a O
straight O
sets O
win O
over O
the O
19-year-old O
power O
hitter O
in O
the O
second O
round O
at O
Wimbledon B-LOC
and O
their O
rubber O
match O
in O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
could O
provide O
some O
first-week O
fireworks O
. O

While O
only O
a O
stunning O
upset O
will O
keep O
Graf B-PER
from O
sailing O
through O
to O
a O
predictable O
semifinal O
showdown O
with O
third O
seed O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
, O
the O
German B-MISC
star O
could O
also O
be O
tested O
in O
the O
third O
round O
where O
she O
will O
probably O
face O
28th-ranked O
veteran O
Natasha B-PER
Zvereva I-PER
of O
Belarus B-LOC
. O

There O
will O
be O
no O
repeat O
of O
last O
year O
's O
men O
's O
final O
with O
eighth-ranked O
Andre B-PER
Agassi I-PER
landing O
in O
Sampras B-PER
's O
half O
of O
the O
draw O
. O

Bumping O
Agassi B-PER
up O
to O
the O
sixth O
seeding O
avoided O
the O
possibility O
that O
he O
would O
run O
into O
Sampras B-PER
as O
early O
as O
the O
quarter-finals O
, O
but O
they O
could O
lock O
horns O
in O
the O
semis O
. O

Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Agassi B-PER
meets O
Karim B-PER
Alami I-PER
of O
Morocco B-LOC
in O
the O
first O
round O
. O

Surprise O
second O
seed O
Michael B-PER
Chang I-PER
, O
ranked O
third O
in O
the O
world O
, O
opens O
against O
Czech B-MISC
Daniel B-PER
Vacek I-PER
, O
while O
women O
's O
second O
seed O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
drew O
American B-MISC
Anne B-PER
Miller I-PER
as O
her O
first O
victim O
. O

Second-ranked O
Austrian B-MISC
Thomas B-PER
Muster I-PER
, O
who O
was O
seeded O
third O
, O
did O
not O
have O
the O
luck O
of O
the O
draw O
with O
him O
. O

In O
the O
first O
round O
Muster B-PER
faces O
American B-MISC
Richey B-PER
Reneberg I-PER
, O
who O
has O
been O
playing O
some O
of O
the O
best O
tennis O
of O
his O
career O
of O
late O
. O

If O
he O
survives O
, O
Muster B-PER
is O
seeded O
to O
run O
into O
either O
fifth-seeded O
Wimbledon B-MISC
champion O
Richard B-PER
Krajicek I-PER
of O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
or O
12th-seeded O
American B-MISC
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
in O
the O
quarter-finals O
in O
Chang B-PER
's O
half O
of O
the O
draw O
. O

Perhaps O
the O
best O
, O
yet O
most O
unfortunate O
, O
first-round O
matchup O
of O
the O
men O
's O
competition O
pits O
eighth O
seed O
Jim B-PER
Courier I-PER
against O
retiring O
star O
Stefan B-PER
Edberg I-PER
. O

The O
popular O
Swede B-MISC
is O
playing O
his O
final O
major O
tournament O
next O
week O
and O
the O
two-time O
champion O
's O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
farewell O
could O
well O
be O
a O
one-match O
affair O
. O

With O
the O
exception O
of O
a O
Philippoussis B-PER
showdown O
, O
Sampras B-PER
looks O
to O
have O
landed O
in O
a O
comfortable O
quarter O
of O
the O
draw O
with O
the O
likes O
of O
Frenchman B-MISC
Cedric B-PER
Pioline I-PER
and O
ailing O
French B-MISC
Open I-MISC
champion O
Yevgeny B-PER
Kafelnikov I-PER
, O
who O
is O
nursing O
a O
rib O
injury O
, O
in O
his O
path O
. O

Seles B-PER
, O
runner-up O
to O
Graf B-PER
last O
year O
, O
is O
seeded O
to O
run O
into O
fifth-ranked O
German B-MISC
Anke B-PER
Huber I-PER
in O
the O
quarter-finals O
with O
fourth O
seed O
Conchita B-PER
Martinez I-PER
or O
eighth-seeded O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Lindsay B-PER
Davenport I-PER
looking O
like O
her O
most O
likely O
semifinal O
opponents O
. O

But O
Huber B-PER
will O
be O
tested O
immediately O
with O
a O
first-round O
encounter O
against O
dangerous O
18th-ranked O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
Amanda B-PER
Coetzer I-PER
. O

Sanchez B-PER
Vicario I-PER
, O
runner-up O
to O
Graf B-PER
at O
the O
French B-MISC
Open I-MISC
and O
Wimbledon B-MISC
, O
begins O
play O
against O
a O
qualifier O
in O
a O
quarter O
of O
the O
draw O
that O
includes O
young O
talent O
Martina B-PER
Hingis I-PER
, O
the O
16th O
seed O
, O
before O
a O
probable O
quarter-final O
clash O
with O
seventh-seeded O
veteran O
Jana B-PER
Novotna I-PER
. O

Martinez B-PER
begins O
play O
against O
Ruxandra B-PER
Dragomir I-PER
of O
Romania B-LOC
. O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Tennis O
- O
Muster B-PER
upset O
, O
Philippoussis B-PER
wins O
, O
Stoltenberg B-PER
loses O
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-21 O

Top-seeded O
Thomas B-PER
Muster I-PER
of O
Austria B-LOC
was O
beaten O
6-3 O
7-5 O
by O
123rd-ranked O
Daniel B-PER
Nestor I-PER
of O
Canada B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
in O
his O
first O
match O
of O
the O
$ O
2 O
million O
Canadian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

A O
lefthander O
with O
a O
strong O
serve O
, O
Nestor B-PER
kept O
the O
rallies O
short O
by O
constantly O
attacking O
the O
net O
and O
the O
tactic O
worked O
in O
the O
second-round O
match O
against O
Muster B-PER
, O
playing O
his O
first O
match O
after O
receiving O
a O
first-round O
bye O
along O
with O
the O
other O
top O
eight O
seeds O
. O

The O
tournament O
also O
lost O
its O
second O
seed O
on O
the O
third O
day O
of O
play O
when O
second-seeded O
Goran B-PER
Ivanisevic I-PER
of O
Croatia B-LOC
was O
beaten O
6-7(3-7 O
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O
by O
unseeded O
Mikael B-PER
Tillstrom I-PER
of O
Sweden B-LOC
. O

Other O
seeded O
players O
advancing O
were O
number O
three O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
of O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
, O
number O
four O
Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
of O
Chile B-LOC
, O
number O
six O
MaliVai B-PER
Washington I-PER
of O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
and O
American B-MISC
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
, O
the O
seventh O
seeed O
. O

Eighth O
seed O
Marc B-PER
Rosset I-PER
of O
Switzerland B-LOC
was O
eliminated O
in O
a O
one O
hour O
, O
55 O
minute O
battle O
by O
unseeded O
Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
of O
Australia B-LOC
. O

Philippoussis B-PER
saved O
a O
match O
point O
at O
5-6 O
in O
the O
third-set O
tie O
break O
before O
winning O
6-3 O
3-6 O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O
. O

Philippoussis B-PER
's O
compatriot O
, O
13th O
seed O
Jason B-PER
Stoltenberg I-PER
, O
was O
not O
as O
fortunate O
. O

He O
held O
one O
match O
point O
at O
9-8 O
in O
a O
marathon O
third-set O
tie O
break O
but O
was O
beaten O
5-7 O
7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O
7-6 O
( O
13-11 O
) O
by O
unseeded O
Daniel B-PER
Vacek I-PER
of O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
. O

" O
I O
knew O
I O
had O
to O
serve O
well O
and O
keep O
the O
points O
short O
and O
that O
's O
what O
I O
was O
able O
to O
do O
, O
" O
said O
Nestor B-PER
, O
who O
ranks O
10th O
in O
doubles O
. O

There O
were O
only O
two O
service O
breaks O
in O
the O
match O
. O

The O
lanky O
Canadian B-MISC
broke O
Muster B-PER
at O
4-3 O
in O
the O
first O
set O
and O
5-5 O
in O
the O
second O
before O
ending O
the O
match O
on O
his O
third O
match O
point O
when O
the O
Austrian B-MISC
hit O
a O
service O
return O
long O
. O

" O
I O
probably O
did O
n't O
hit O
five O
ground O
strokes O
in O
the O
whole O
match O
, O
" O
said O
Muster B-PER
, O
only O
partly O
joking O
. O
" O

The O
way O
he O
was O
chipping O
and O
charging O
and O
serving O
and O
volleying O
I O
did O
n't O
really O
get O
my O
timing O
playing O
from O
the O
baseline O
. O
" O

" O
He O
played O
a O
good O
match O
, O
took O
a O
few O
chances O
, O
and O
every O
time O
he O
was O
down O
he O
was O
able O
to O
come O
up O
with O
a O
big O
first O
serve O
. O
" O

Playing O
at O
night O
was O
not O
Muster B-PER
's O
preference O
. O
" O

I O
asked O
for O
a O
day O
match O
and O
they O
gave O
me O
a O
night O
match O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

I O
do O
n't O
like O
playing O
under O
the O
lights O
but O
maybe O
it O
would O
not O
have O
made O
any O
difference O
. O
" O

Ivanisevic B-PER
rallied O
from O
a O
2-5 O
deficit O
in O
the O
first O
set O
but O
then O
played O
erratically O
against O
the O
44th-ranked O
Tillstrom B-PER
, O
who O
was O
a O
surprise O
winner O
over O
his O
famous O
compatriot O
Stefan B-PER
Edberg I-PER
in O
the O
second O
round O
at O
Wimbledon B-LOC
. O

Ivanisevic B-PER
hit O
32 O
aces O
but O
was O
outplayed O
from O
the O
back O
court O
by O
the O
24-year-old O
Tillstrom B-PER
. O

The O
sixth-ranked O
Ivanisevic B-PER
, O
who O
lost O
in O
the O
final O
at O
Indianapolis B-LOC
to O
world O
number O
one O
Pete B-PER
Sampras I-PER
of O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
last O
Sunday O
, O
made O
a O
quick O
getaway O
after O
his O
loss O
but O
did O
say O
: O
" O
Something O
was O
not O
there O
when O
I O
arrived O
( O
in O
Toronto B-LOC
) O
. O

I O
did O
n't O
feel O
good O
. O

And O
I O
did O
n't O
have O
a O
good O
feeling O
as O
soon O
as O
I O
lost O
in O
my O
doubles O
( O
on O
Tuesday O
) O
. O
" O

" O
I O
thought O
he O
looked O
a O
little O
unfocused O
at O
certain O
times O
on O
his O
ground O
strokes O
, O
" O
said O
Tillstrom B-PER
. O

The O
19-year-old O
Philippoussis B-PER
, O
who O
beat O
Sampras B-PER
in O
the O
third O
round O
of O
this O
year O
's O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
, O
stayed O
calm O
in O
a O
nervy O
third-set O
tie O
break O
against O
Rosset B-PER
. O

" O
I O
'm O
pleased O
because O
I O
did O
n't O
play O
that O
great O
today O
, O
but O
I O
fought O
really O
well O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

When O
I O
was O
down O
2-5 O
in O
the O
tiebreak O
( O
in O
the O
third O
set O
) O
, O
I O
just O
thought O
about O
winning O
my O
two O
serves O
and O
hoped O
that O
he O
might O
get O
tight O
. O

Then O
he O
shanked O
a O
forehand O
at O
to O
make O
it O
5-all O
and O
that O
helped O
me O
back O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Soccer O
- O
Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
pro-soccer O
games O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
pro-soccer O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Anyang B-ORG
3 O
Chonnam B-ORG
3 O
( O
halftime O
2-0 O
) O

Puchon B-ORG
0 O
Suwon B-ORG
0 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
- O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

W O
D O
L O
G O
/ O
F O
G O
/ O
A O
P O

Puchon B-ORG
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
4 O

Chonan B-ORG
1 O
0 O
0 O
5 O
4 O
3 O

Anyang B-ORG
0 O
2 O
0 O
5 O
5 O
2 O

Suwon B-ORG
0 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
2 O

Pohang B-ORG
0 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
1 O

Pusan B-ORG
0 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
1 O

Chonnam B-ORG
0 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
6 O
1 O

Ulsan B-ORG
0 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
0 O

Chonbuk B-ORG
0 O
0 O
0 O
0 O
0 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

Senegal B-LOC
cholera O
outbreak O
kills O
five O
. O

DAKAR B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

An O
outbreak O
of O
cholera O
has O
killed O
five O
people O
in O
the O
central O
Senegal B-LOC
town O
of O
Kaolack B-LOC
, O
where O
health O
authorities O
have O
recorded O
291 O
cases O
since O
August O
11 O
, O
a O
medical O
official O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Doctor O
Masserigne B-PER
Ndiaye I-PER
said O
medical O
staff O
were O
overwhelmed O
with O
work O
. O
" O

People O
are O
rushing O
to O
the O
hospital O
as O
soon O
as O
the O
first O
symptoms O
appear O
, O
that O
's O
why O
we O
have O
fewer O
deaths O
, O
" O
he O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
by O
telephone O
from O
the O
town O
, O
160 O
km O
( O
100 O
miles O
) O
southeast O
of O
the O
Senegalese B-MISC
capital O
Dakar B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nigerian B-MISC
general O
takes O
over O
Liberia B-LOC
ECOMOG B-ORG
force O
. O

MONROVIA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Nigerian B-MISC
Major O
General O
Sam B-PER
Victor I-PER
Malu I-PER
took O
over O
on O
Thursday O
as O
commander O
of O
the O
ECOMOG B-ORG
peacekeeping O
force O
in O
Liberia B-LOC
, O
two O
days O
after O
the O
start O
of O
the O
latest O
ceasefire O
in O
the O
six-year O
civil O
war O
. O

Malu B-PER
replaced O
another O
Nigerian B-MISC
major O
general O
, O
John B-PER
Inienger I-PER
, O
who O
told O
officers O
at O
the O
handover O
ceremony O
that O
peace O
was O
now O
at O
hand O
for O
Liberia B-LOC
after O
six O
years O
of O
fighting O
and O
more O
than O
a O
dozen O
failed O
accords O
. O

" O
The O
search O
for O
peace O
in O
Liberia B-LOC
has O
been O
difficult O
, O
challenging O
and O
sometimes O
painful O
. O

Peacekeepers O
were O
harassed O
, O
killed O
and O
taken O
hostage O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
It O
is O
difficult O
but O
I O
want O
to O
assure O
you O
that O
peace O
is O
in O
sight O
. O
" O

United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
military O
observers O
travelling O
to O
the O
western O
town O
of O
Tubmanburg B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
to O
monitor O
the O
ceasefire O
were O
delayed O
by O
shooting O
along O
the O
highway O
, O
U.N. B-ORG
special O
representative O
Anthony B-PER
Nyakyi I-PER
said O
. O

They O
finally O
went O
ahead O
with O
an O
escort O
from O
the O
ULIMO-J B-ORG
faction O
. O

Faction O
leaders O
who O
agreed O
a O
new O
peace O
deal O
in O
the O
Nigerian B-MISC
capital O
Abuja B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
have O
accused O
each O
other O
of O
breaking O
the O
ceasefire O
. O

The O
latest O
peace O
deal O
foresees O
the O
disarmament O
of O
an O
estimated O
60,000 O
combatants O
and O
sets O
a O
target O
date O
of O
May O
30 O
next O
year O
for O
elections O
. O

The O
ECOMOG B-ORG
force O
, O
currently O
10,000 O
strong O
, O
was O
sent O
to O
Liberia B-LOC
by O
the O
Economic B-ORG
Community I-ORG
of I-ORG
West I-ORG
African I-ORG
States I-ORG
in O
1990 O
at O
the O
height O
of O
the O
fighting O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Guinea B-LOC
calls O
two O
days O
of O
prayer O
. O

CONAKRY B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
West B-MISC
African I-MISC
state O
of O
Guinea B-LOC
declared O
Thursday O
and O
Friday O
days O
of O
national O
prayer O
. O

A O
government O
statement O
, O
broadcast O
repeatedly O
by O
state O
radio O
, O
said O
the O
two O
days O
of O
prayer O
were O
" O
for O
the O
dead O
, O
for O
peace O
and O
prosperity O
in O
Guinea B-LOC
, O
the O
victory O
of O
the O
new O
government O
and O
the O
health O
of O
the O
head O
of O
state O
" O
. O

The O
precise O
reason O
for O
the O
call O
was O
not O
immediately O
clear O
. O

Guinea B-LOC
's O
president O
, O
Lansana B-PER
Conte I-PER
, O
vice-president O
of O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
Islamic I-ORG
Conference I-ORG
, O
left O
for O
Kuwait B-LOC
on O
August O
16 O
to O
prepare O
the O
next O
OIC B-ORG
summit O
in O
Pakistan B-LOC
in O
1997 O
. O

Koranic B-MISC
reading O
sessions O
and O
prayers O
were O
to O
be O
held O
in O
the O
farming O
town O
of O
Badi-Tondon B-LOC
, O
near O
his O
home O
about O
60 O
km O
( O
40 O
miles O
) O
from O
the O
capital O
Conakry B-LOC
. O

Conte B-PER
, O
an O
army O
general O
, O
survived O
a O
February O
army O
pay O
revolt O
which O
at O
the O
time O
he O
described O
as O
a O
veiled O
attempt O
to O
topple O
him O
. O

He O
has O
since O
named O
a O
prime O
minister O
for O
the O
first O
time O
since O
early O
in O
his O
rule O
and O
ordered O
a O
crackdown O
on O
corruption O
. O

Conte B-PER
seized O
power O
in O
1984 O
after O
the O
death O
of O
veteran O
Marxist B-MISC
leader O
Ahmed B-PER
Sekou I-PER
Toure I-PER
. O

He O
won O
elections O
in O
1993 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

South B-MISC
African I-MISC
answers O
U.S. B-LOC
message O
in O
a O
bottle O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
boy O
is O
writing O
back O
to O
an O
American B-MISC
girl O
whose O
message O
in O
a O
bottle O
he O
found O
washed O
up O
on O
President O
Nelson B-PER
Mandela I-PER
's O
old O
prison O
island O
. O

But O
Carlo B-PER
Hoffmann I-PER
, O
an O
11-year-old O
jailer O
's O
son O
who O
found O
the O
bottle O
on O
the O
beach O
at O
Robben B-LOC
Island I-LOC
off O
Cape B-LOC
Town I-LOC
after O
winter O
storms O
, O
will O
send O
his O
letter O
back O
by O
ordinary O
mail O
on O
Thursday O
, O
the O
post O
office O
said O
. O

It O
will O
be O
sent O
for O
free O
. O

Danielle B-PER
Murray I-PER
from O
Sandusky B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
, O
the O
same O
age O
as O
her O
new O
penfriend O
, O
asked O
for O
a O
reply O
from O
whoever O
received O
the O
message O
she O
flung O
on O
its O
journey O
months O
ago O
on O
the O
other O
side O
of O
the O
Atlantic B-LOC
Ocean I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Rottweiler B-MISC
kills O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
toddler O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
rottweiler O
dog O
belonging O
to O
an O
elderly O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
couple O
savaged O
to O
death O
their O
two-year-old O
grandson O
who O
was O
visiting O
, O
police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
dog O
attacked O
Louis B-PER
Booy I-PER
in O
the O
front O
garden O
of O
his O
grandparents O
' O
house O
in O
Vanderbijlpark B-LOC
near O
Johannesburg B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
. O

His O
bloody O
body O
was O
lying O
in O
the O
garden O
when O
his O
parents O
arrived O
in O
the O
afternoon O
to O
pick O
him O
up O
. O

It O
was O
unclear O
where O
the O
grandparents O
were O
at O
the O
time O
. O

Dogs O
fierce O
enough O
to O
scare O
off O
burglars O
are O
becoming O
increasingly O
popular O
in O
the O
crime-infested O
Johannesburg B-LOC
area O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

INDICATORS O
- O
Hungary B-LOC
- O
updated O
Aug O
22 O
. O

BUDAPEST B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
latest O
indicators O
: O

CPI O
( O
pct O
) O
July O
+0.4m O
/ O
m O
; O
23.0yr O
/ O
yr O
( O
June O
+0.9;+23.6 O
) O

PPI O
( O
pct O
) O
June O
+0.7 O
m O
/ O
m;+21.5yr O
/ O
yr O
( O
May O
+1.7;+22.0 O
) O

Industry O
output O
( O
pct O
) O
June O
- O
7.8 O
m O
/ O
m;-0.2yr O
/ O
yr O
( O
May O
+7.3;-3.6 O
) O

Current O
account O
Jan-May O
- O
$ O
738 O
million O
( O
Jan-April O
- O
$ O
748 O
million O
) O

NBH B-ORG
trade O
balance O
Jan-May O
- O
$ O
934 O
million O
( O
Jan-April O
- O
$ O
774 O
million O
) O

MIT B-ORG
trade O
balance O
Jan-June O
- O
$ O
1.45 O
bln O
( O
Jan-May O
- O
$ O
1.24 O
bln O
) O

Gross O
foreign O
debt O
May O
$ O
27,246.5 O
million O
( O
April O
$ O
28,716.8 O
million O
) O

Net O
foreign O
debt O
May O
$ O
14,390.7 O
million O
( O
April O
$ O
15,704.3 O
million O
) O

Unemployment O
( O
pct O
) O
July O
10.8 O
pct O
( O
June O
10.6 O
pct O
) O

Budget O
deficit O
( O
HUF O
) O
Jan-July O
102 O
bln O
( O
Jan-June O
122 O
bln O
) O

T-bill O
yields O
% O
( O
1mo O
) O
22.95 O
( O
3mo O
) O
23.02 O
( O
6mo O
) O
23.53 O
( O
1yr O
) O
24.40 O

Government O
bond O
yields O
: O
( O
2-yr O
1998 O
/ O
J O
) O
25.49,(3-yr O
1999 O
/ O
c O
) O
24.44 O

The O
NBH B-ORG
is O
BBB-minus O
by O
Duff B-ORG
& I-ORG
Phelps I-ORG
, O
IBCA B-ORG
and O
Thomson B-ORG
BankWatch I-ORG
, O
BB-plus O
by O
S&P B-ORG
, O
BA1 O
by O
Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
Investors I-ORG
Service I-ORG
, O
BBB+ O
by O
the O
Japan B-ORG
Credit I-ORG
Rating I-ORG
Agency I-ORG
. O

The O
NBH B-ORG
trade O
data O
is O
based O
on O
cash O
flow O
, O
MIT B-ORG
data O
on O
customs O
statistics O
. O

-- O
Budapest B-LOC
newsroom O
( O
36 O
1)266 O
2410 O

-DOCSTART- O

Fifty O
Russians B-MISC
die O
in O
clash O
with O
rebels-Interfax O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

At O
least O
50 O
Russian B-MISC
servicemen O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
a O
battle O
with O
separatist O
rebels O
which O
erupted O
in O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
and O
continued O
after O
Russia B-LOC
and O
the O
rebels O
agreed O
a O
truce O
, O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

Interfax B-ORG
quoted O
Russian B-MISC
military O
command O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
as O
saying O
that O
about O
200 O
interior B-ORG
ministry I-ORG
forces O
, O
sent O
on O
reconaisance O
mission O
, O
clashed O
with O
rebels O
at O
Minutka B-LOC
Square I-LOC
. O

The O
Interfax B-ORG
report O
could O
not O
be O
independently O
confirmed O
. O

Moscow B-LOC
peacemaker O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
and O
rebel O
chief-of-staff O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
signed O
an O
agreement O
earlier O
on O
Thursday O
under O
which O
the O
two O
sides O
would O
cease O
all O
hostilities O
at O
noon O
( O
0800 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
on O
Friday O
. O

Interfax B-ORG
made O
clear O
that O
the O
interior B-ORG
ministry I-ORG
detachment O
had O
been O
sent O
on O
the O
mission O
before O
the O
truce O
deal O
had O
been O
signed O
at O
the O
local O
equivalent O
of O
1500 O
GMT B-MISC
. O

But O
fierce O
fighting O
still O
raged O
at O
1600 O
GMT B-MISC
, O
Interfax B-ORG
said O
. O

It O
quoted O
a O
source O
in O
the O
Russian B-MISC
command O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
as O
saying O
that O
the O
servicemen O
were O
outnumbered O
by O
the O
rebels O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Polish B-MISC
schoolgirl O
blackmailer O
wanted O
textbooks O
. O

GDANSK B-LOC
, O
Poland B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
Polish B-MISC
schoolgirl O
blackmailed O
two O
women O
with O
anonymous O
letters O
threatening O
death O
and O
later O
explained O
that O
she O
needed O
money O
for O
textbooks O
, O
police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

" O
The O
13-year-old O
girl O
tried O
to O
extract O
60 O
and O
70 O
zlotys O
( O
$ O
22 O
and O
$ O
26 O
) O
from O
two O
residents O
of O
Sierakowice B-LOC
by O
threatening O
to O
take O
their O
lives O
, O
" O
a O
police O
spokesman O
said O
in O
the O
nearby O
northern O
city O
of O
Gdansk B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

He O
said O
the O
women O
reported O
the O
blackmail O
letters O
and O
police O
caught O
the O
girl O
on O
Wednesday O
as O
she O
tried O
to O
pick O
up O
the O
cash O
at O
the O
Sierakowice B-LOC
railway O
station O
. O

" O
Interviewed O
in O
the O
presence O
of O
a O
psychologist O
, O
she O
said O
she O
wanted O
to O
use O
the O
money O
for O
school O
books O
and O
clothes O
, O
" O
spokesman O
Kazimierz B-PER
Socha I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

He O
said O
the O
case O
of O
the O
girl O
, O
from O
a O
poor O
family O
that O
had O
never O
been O
in O
trouble O
with O
the O
law O
, O
would O
go O
before O
a O
special O
court O
dealing O
with O
underage O
offenders O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Czech B-MISC
CNB-120 B-MISC
index O
rises O
1.2 O
pts O
to O
869.3 O
. O

PRAGUE B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
CNB-120 B-MISC
index O
, O
a O
broad O
daily O
measure O
of O
Czech B-MISC
equities O
, O
rose O
1.2 O
points O
on O
Thursday O
to O
869.3 O
, O
the O
Czech B-ORG
National I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
( O
CNB B-ORG
) O
said O
. O

Eight O
of O
the O
ten O
sectoral O
indices O
rose O
, O
with O
the O
banking O
index O
rising O
the O
most O
, O
up O
14.4 O
points O
to O
1,294.5 O
. O

-- O
Prague B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
42-2-2423-0003 O

-DOCSTART- O

Russians B-MISC
, O
rebels O
sign O
deal O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
. O

NOVYE B-LOC
ATAGI I-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Russian B-MISC
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
's O
security O
supremo O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
and O
Chechen B-MISC
rebel O
chief-of-staff O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
signed O
a O
deal O
on O
Thursday O
aimed O
at O
ending O
three O
weeks O
of O
renewed O
fighting O
in O
the O
region O
. O

The O
final O
contents O
of O
the O
document O
negotiated O
in O
this O
village O
south O
of O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
have O
not O
been O
officially O
disclosed O
. O

Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
it O
provided O
for O
the O
disengagement O
of O
Russian B-MISC
and O
rebel O
forces O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Lebed B-PER
aide O
says O
Russian-Chechen B-MISC
talks O
going O
well O
. O

NOVYE B-LOC
ATAGI I-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Talks O
between O
Russia B-LOC
's O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
and O
Chechen B-MISC
separatist O
leaders O
were O
going O
well O
on O
Thursday O
and O
the O
two O
sides O
were O
working O
out O
a O
detailed O
schedule O
on O
how O
to O
stop O
the O
war O
, O
a O
Lebed B-PER
aide O
said O
. O

Press O
spokesman O
Alexander B-PER
Barkhatov I-PER
told O
reporters O
the O
negotiations O
, O
being O
held O
at O
this O
rebel-held O
village O
some O
20 O
km O
( O
12 O
miles O
) O
south O
of O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
, O
were O
progressing O
briskly O
and O
being O
conducted O
in O
a O
good O
mood O
. O

He O
said O
a O
document O
would O
be O
completed O
in O
an O
hour O
's O
time O
for O
signature O
by O
the O
two O
sides O
, O
who O
were O
working O
on O
a O
" O
day-by-day O
schedule O
to O
stop O
the O
war O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Yeltsin B-PER
shown O
on O
Russian B-MISC
television O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Russian B-MISC
television O
showed O
a O
brief O
clip O
of O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
on O
Thursday O
, O
with O
the O
president O
laughing O
and O
smiling O
as O
he O
spoke O
to O
nominee O
health O
minister O
Tatyana B-PER
Dmitrieva I-PER
. O

It O
was O
the O
first O
time O
the O
president O
had O
been O
shown O
on O
television O
since O
he O
was O
inaugurated O
for O
a O
second O
term O
in O
office O
on O
August O
9 O
. O

He O
returned O
to O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
after O
a O
two-day O
break O
in O
the O
lakelands O
of O
northwestern O
Russia B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Bosnia B-LOC
- O
Aug O
22 O
. O

SARAJEVO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

These O
are O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Sarajevo B-LOC
press O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

OSLOBODJENJE B-ORG

- O
The O
Bosnian B-MISC
federation O
launches O
a O
common O
payment O
system O
on O
Friday O
. O

Under O
the O
new O
system O
taxes O
and O
customs O
may O
be O
paid O
in O
the O
Bosnian B-MISC
dinar O
, O
the O
Croatian B-MISC
kuna O
or O
the O
Deutsche O
mark O
until O
a O
new O
Bosnian B-MISC
currency O
is O
introduced O
. O

- O
The O
president O
of O
the O
Bosnian B-ORG
Association I-ORG
for I-ORG
Refugees I-ORG
and I-ORG
Displaced I-ORG
Persons I-ORG
, O
Mirhunisa B-PER
Komarica I-PER
says O
many O
survivors O
of O
the O
1995 O
massacre O
in O
the O
Bosnian B-MISC
town O
of O
Srebrenica B-LOC
are O
languishing O
as O
forced O
laborers O
in O
Serbian B-MISC
mines O
. O

According O
to O
Komarica B-PER
, O
2,400 O
male O
residents O
of O
Srebrenica B-LOC
work O
in O
the O
Trepca B-LOC
mine O
and O
1,900 O
work O
in O
a O
mine O
in O
Aleksandrovac B-LOC
. O

DNEVNI B-ORG
AVAZ I-ORG

- O
Slovenian B-MISC
police O
briefly O
detain O
two O
Bosnian B-MISC
opposition O
leaders O
in O
Ljubljana B-LOC
and O
cancel O
opposition O
political O
rallies O
in O
Ljubljana B-LOC
and O
Maribor B-LOC
. O

-- O
Sarajevo B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+387-71-663-864 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Grozny B-LOC
quiet O
overnight O
after O
raids O
. O

ALKHAN-YURT B-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
city O
of O
Grozny B-LOC
, O
pounded O
by O
Russian B-MISC
planes O
and O
artillery O
for O
hours O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
calmed O
down O
overnight O
, O
although O
sporadic O
explosions O
and O
shooting O
could O
still O
be O
heard O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
correspondent O
Lawrence B-PER
Sheets I-PER
, O
speaking O
from O
the O
nearby O
village O
of O
Alkhan-Yurt B-LOC
, O
said O
he O
had O
heard O
little O
from O
Grozny B-LOC
since O
Wednesday O
evening O
's O
arrival O
of O
Russian B-MISC
security O
chief O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
, O
who O
said O
he O
" O
came O
with O
peace O
" O
. O

A O
couple O
of O
helicopters O
flew O
over O
the O
city O
early O
on O
Thursday O
morning O
, O
but O
did O
not O
appear O
to O
be O
firing O
at O
anything O
. O

Lebed B-PER
said O
on O
Wednesday O
he O
had O
clinched O
a O
truce O
with O
Chechen B-MISC
separatists O
and O
he O
promised O
to O
halt O
a O
threatened O
bombing O
assault O
on O
Grozny B-LOC
, O
which O
the O
rebels O
have O
held O
since O
August O
6 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Boat O
passengers O
rescued O
off O
Colombian B-MISC
coast O
. O

BOGOTA B-LOC
, O
Colombia B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Colombia B-LOC
's O
Coast B-ORG
Guard I-ORG
on O
Thursday O
rescued O
12 O
people O
lost O
for O
three O
days O
in O
an O
open O
boat O
off O
the O
Pacific B-LOC
coast O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

The O
boat O
had O
been O
missing O
since O
Monday O
afternoon O
when O
it O
left O
the O
tiny O
island O
of O
Gorgona B-LOC
off O
Colombia B-LOC
's O
southwest O
coast O
with O
sightseers O
for O
a O
return O
trip O
to O
Narino B-LOC
province O
, O
near O
the O
border O
with O
Ecuador B-LOC
. O

The O
boat O
ran O
out O
of O
fuel O
and O
did O
not O
have O
a O
radio O
to O
call O
for O
help O
, O
Navy B-ORG
spokesman O
Lt. O
Italo B-PER
Pineda I-PER
said O
. O

He O
said O
11 O
passengers O
and O
one O
boatman O
survived O
on O
coconuts O
and O
rainwater O
during O
65 O
hours O
lost O
at O
sea O
. O

The O
boat O
was O
towed O
to O
the O
port O
city O
of O
Buenaventura B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Argentine B-MISC
July O
raw O
steel O
output O
up O
14.8 O
pct O
vs O
' O
95 O
. O

BUENOS B-LOC
AIRES I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Argentine B-MISC
raw O
steel O
output O
was O
355,900 O
tonnes O
in O
July O
, O
14.8 O
percent O
higher O
than O
in O
July O
1995 O
and O
up O
1.9 O
percent O
from O
June O
, O
Steel B-ORG
Industry I-ORG
Center I-ORG
said O
Thursday O
. O

Primary O
iron O
output O
was O
297,700 O
tonnes O
, O
14.5 O
percent O
more O
than O
last O
July O
and O
0.1 O
percent O
more O
than O
in O
June O
. O

Hot O
laminate O
production O
was O
349,000 O
tonnes O
, O
3.2 O
percent O
up O
from O
July O
1995 O
and O
0.8 O
percent O
up O
from O
June O
. O

Production O
of O
cold O
laminates O
was O
120,500 O
tonnes O
, O
4.2 O
percent O
higher O
than O
the O
same O
month O
last O
year O
and O
11 O
percent O
higher O
than O
in O
June O
. O

-- O
Jason B-PER
Webb I-PER
, O
Buenos B-ORG
Aires I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+541 O
318-0655 O

-DOCSTART- O

Peru B-LOC
's O
guerrillas O
kill O
one O
, O
take O
8 O
hostage O
in O
jungle O
. O

LIMA B-LOC
, O
Peru B-LOC
1996-08-21 O

Peruvian B-MISC
guerrillas O
killed O
one O
man O
and O
took O
eight O
people O
hostage O
after O
taking O
over O
a O
village O
in O
the O
country O
's O
northeastern O
jungle O
region O
, O
anti- O
terrorist O
police O
sources O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

For O
three O
hours O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
around O
100 O
members O
of O
the O
Maoist B-MISC
rebel O
group O
Shining B-ORG
Path I-ORG
took O
control O
of O
Alomella B-LOC
Robles I-LOC
, O
a O
small O
village O
about O
345 O
miles O
( O
550 O
km O
) O
northeast O
of O
Lima B-LOC
, O
the O
sources O
said O
. O

Some O
guerrillas O
made O
villagers O
listen O
to O
propaganda O
speeches O
in O
the O
village O
centre O
, O
others O
forced O
passing O
motorists O
out O
of O
their O
cars O
and O
daubed O
their O
vehicles O
with O
slogans O
. O

By O
Wednesday O
, O
the O
whereabouts O
of O
the O
eight O
hostages O
was O
still O
not O
known O
, O
the O
sources O
said O
. O

In O
recent O
months O
the O
Shining B-ORG
Path I-ORG
, O
severely O
weakened O
since O
the O
1992 O
capture O
of O
its O
leader O
Abimael B-PER
Guzman I-PER
, O
has O
been O
stepping O
up O
both O
its O
military O
and O
propaganda O
activities O
. O

Peru B-LOC
's O
guerrilla O
conflicts O
have O
cost O
at O
least O
30,000 O
lives O
and O
$ O
25 O
billion O
in O
damage O
to O
infrastructure O
since O
1980 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Former O
Surinam B-LOC
rebel O
leader O
held O
after O
shooting O
. O

PARAMARIBO B-LOC
, O
Surinam B-LOC
1996-08-21 O

Flamboyant O
former O
Surinamese B-MISC
rebel O
leader O
Ronny B-PER
Brunswijk I-PER
was O
in O
custody O
on O
Wednesday O
charged O
with O
attempted O
murder O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Brunswijk B-PER
turned O
himself O
into O
police O
after O
Freddy B-PER
Pinas I-PER
, O
a O
Surinamese-born B-MISC
visitor O
from O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
, O
accused O
Brunswijk B-PER
of O
trying O
to O
kill O
him O
on O
Sunday O
after O
a O
bar-room O
brawl O
in O
the O
small O
mining O
town O
of O
Moengo B-LOC
, O
about O
56 O
miles O
( O
90 O
km O
) O
east O
of O
Paramaribo B-LOC
, O
said O
police O
spokesman O
Ro B-PER
Gajadhar I-PER
. O

Pinas B-PER
, O
showing O
cuts O
and O
bruises O
on O
his O
face O
, O
told O
reporters O
the O
former O
head O
of O
the O
feared O
Jungle B-ORG
Command I-ORG
had O
tried O
and O
failed O
to O
shoot O
him O
after O
Pinas B-PER
objected O
to O
Brunswijk B-PER
's O
advances O
toward O
his O
wife O
. O

Pinas B-PER
said O
Brunswijk B-PER
then O
ordered O
his O
bodyguards O
to O
beat O
him O
up O
. O

Brunswijk B-PER
, O
35 O
, O
denied O
the O
charges O
and O
said O
he O
had O
merely O
defended O
himself O
when O
Pinas B-PER
attacked O
him O
with O
a O
bottle O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second O
time O
Brunswijk B-PER
had O
been O
charged O
with O
attempted O
murder O
in O
less O
than O
two O
years O
. O

In O
1994 O
he O
served O
two O
months O
in O
prison O
for O
shooting O
a O
thief O
in O
the O
buttocks O
. O

Brunswijk B-PER
led O
a O
rebel O
group O
of O
about O
1,000 O
in O
a O
1986 O
uprising O
against O
the O
regime O
of O
military O
strongman O
Desi B-PER
Bouterse I-PER
. O

The O
conflict O
, O
which O
killed O
more O
than O
500 O
and O
caused O
thousands O
to O
flee O
to O
neighbouring O
French B-LOC
Guiana I-LOC
in O
the O
late O
1980s O
, O
eventually O
paved O
the O
way O
to O
democratic O
elections O
in O
1991 O
. O

Despite O
numerous O
problems O
with O
authorities O
, O
Brunswijk B-PER
went O
on O
to O
become O
a O
successful O
businessman O
with O
mining O
and O
logging O
interests O
. O

He O
also O
manages O
and O
occasionally O
plays O
for O
one O
of O
the O
leading O
local O
soccer O
teams O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Noisy O
saw O
leads O
Thai B-MISC
police O
to O
heroin O
hideaway O
. O

BANGKOK B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
carpenter O
was O
arrested O
in O
the O
Thai B-MISC
seaside O
town O
of O
Pattaya B-LOC
after O
police O
seized O
18 O
kg O
( O
39.7 O
pounds O
) O
of O
heroin O
following O
complaints O
by O
residents O
of O
a O
noisy O
saw O
, O
police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Cheung B-PER
Siu I-PER
Man I-PER
, O
40 O
, O
was O
arrested O
late O
on O
Wednesday O
after O
police O
searched O
a O
house O
and O
found O
heroin O
in O
bags O
and O
hidden O
in O
hollow O
spaces O
in O
wooden O
planks O
, O
police O
said O
. O

The O
suspect O
said O
he O
was O
hired O
to O
make O
a O
wooden O
box O
from O
the O
planks O
in O
order O
to O
hide O
the O
heroin O
. O

Police O
went O
to O
the O
house O
after O
receiving O
complaints O
of O
sawing O
during O
the O
night O
over O
the O
course O
of O
several O
days O
. O

When O
they O
arrived O
to O
investigate O
, O
police O
saw O
people O
escaping O
from O
the O
back O
door O
so O
they O
decided O
to O
search O
the O
house O
. O

The O
seized O
heroin O
has O
an O
estimated O
street O
value O
of O
about O
300 O
million O
baht O
( O
$ O
12 O
million O
) O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Officials O
are O
now O
hunting O
for O
the O
suspect O
's O
collaborators O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Cheung B-PER
was O
being O
detained O
pending O
formal O
charges O
, O
police O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Australia B-LOC
foreign O
minister O
arrives O
in O
China B-LOC
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Australian B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Alexander B-PER
Downer I-PER
arrived O
in O
Beijing B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
for O
a O
four-day O
visit O
that O
follows O
rising O
friction O
between O
the O
two O
nations O
in O
recent O
weeks O
. O

Downer B-PER
was O
to O
meet O
Chinese B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Qian B-PER
Qichen I-PER
and O
sign O
an O
agreement O
on O
an O
Australian B-MISC
consulate O
in O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
, O
an O
official O
of O
the O
Australian B-MISC
embassy O
in O
Beijing B-LOC
said O
. O

China B-LOC
will O
resume O
sovereignty O
over O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
, O
a O
British B-MISC
colony O
, O
in O
mid-1997 O
. O

Relations O
between O
China B-LOC
and O
Australia B-LOC
have O
been O
strained O
in O
recent O
weeks O
because O
of O
Australia B-LOC
's O
plan O
to O
sell O
uranium O
to O
China B-LOC
's O
rival O
Taiwan B-LOC
. O

Other O
issues O
affecting O
ties O
include O
plans O
by O
an O
Australian B-MISC
cabinet O
minister O
to O
visit O
Taiwan B-LOC
, O
a O
security O
pact O
between O
Canberra B-LOC
and O
Washington B-LOC
and O
a O
possible O
visit O
to O
Australia B-LOC
next O
month O
by O
Tibet B-LOC
's O
exiled O
spiritual O
leader O
the O
Dalai B-PER
Lama I-PER
. O

Downer B-PER
is O
the O
first O
Australian B-MISC
minister O
to O
visit O
China B-LOC
since O
the O
new O
conservative O
government O
took O
office O
in O
Canberra B-LOC
in O
March O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Palestinians B-MISC
accuse O
PA B-ORG
of O
banning O
books O
. O

NABLUS B-LOC
, O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
bookseller O
charged O
on O
Thursday O
that O
the O
Palestinian B-ORG
Information I-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
has O
forced O
him O
to O
sign O
an O
undertaking O
not O
to O
distribute O
books O
written O
by O
critics O
of O
Israeli-PLO B-MISC
self-rule O
deals O
. O

" O
They O
made O
me O
sign O
an O
undertaking O
not O
to O
sell O
the O
books O
to O
anyone O
at O
the O
risk O
of O
legal O
action O
. O

One O
official O
told O
me O
' O
you O
have O
to O
either O
destroy O
the O
books O
or O
return O
them O
to O
Amman B-LOC
' O
, O
" O
Daoud B-PER
Makkawi I-PER
, O
owner O
of O
the O
Nablus-based B-MISC
al-Risala B-LOC
bookshop O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

He O
said O
ministry O
officials O
made O
him O
sign O
this O
a O
few O
weeks O
ago O
after O
he O
brought O
about O
a O
dozen O
copies O
from O
Jordan B-LOC
of O
a O
book O
by O
Edward B-PER
Said I-PER
, O
a O
prominent O
scholar O
at O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
City I-LOC
's O
Columbia B-ORG
University I-ORG
. O

Said B-PER
, O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
citizen O
of O
Palestinian B-MISC
origin O
, O
has O
been O
an O
outspoken O
critic O
of O
the O
1993 O
Israeli-PLO B-MISC
self-rule O
deal O
and O
has O
written O
at O
least O
two O
books O
on O
the O
accord O
. O

On O
Wednesday O
a O
bookseller O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
town O
of O
Ramallah B-LOC
said O
police O
about O
a O
month O
ago O
confiscated O
several O
copies O
of O
two O
of O
Said B-PER
's O
books O
on O
the O
Israel-PLO B-MISC
self-rule O
deals O
. O

Palestinian B-ORG
Information I-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
Director-General O
Mutawakel B-PER
Taha I-PER
denied O
that O
ministry O
officials O
forced O
anyone O
to O
sign O
any O
undertaking O
and O
insisted O
that O
the O
Palestinian B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
has O
no O
plans O
to O
censor O
books O
. O

" O
There O
is O
no O
strategy O
to O
ban O
books O
or O
to O
suppress O
freedom O
of O
expression O
in O
any O
form O
whatsoever O
, O
" O
Taha B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

But O
Taha B-PER
said O
that O
the O
absence O
of O
relevent O
legislations O
may O
have O
resulted O
in O
some O
mistakes O
by O
some O
security O
officials O
. O

" O
This O
may O
explain O
some O
mistakes O
against O
some O
journalists O
and O
writers O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Daoud B-PER
said O
books O
by O
other O
authors O
, O
including O
British B-MISC
Journalist O
Patrick B-PER
Seale I-PER
, O
were O
also O
banned O
. O

He O
said O
that O
security O
officials O
often O
visit O
his O
shop O
to O
make O
sure O
he O
was O
not O
selling O
the O
books O
. O

" O
I O
think O
this O
is O
a O
bad O
beginning O
. O

If O
we O
have O
confidence O
, O
why O
should O
we O
be O
afraid O
of O
the O
other O
opinion O
? O
" O

Daoud B-PER
said O
. O

Thousands O
of O
books O
were O
banned O
from O
sale O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
Strip I-LOC
by O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
military O
authorities O
before O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
state O
handed O
over O
parts O
of O
the O
two O
areas O
to O
the O
PLO B-ORG
under O
a O
self-rule O
deal O
in O
1994 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Egypt B-LOC
blames O
Istanbul B-LOC
control O
tower O
for O
accident O
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
chairman O
of O
national O
carrier O
EgyptAir B-ORG
on O
Thursday O
blamed O
the O
control O
tower O
at O
Istanbul B-LOC
airport O
for O
the O
EgyptAir B-ORG
plane O
accident O
. O

Twenty O
people O
were O
injured O
on O
Wednesday O
when O
the O
EgyptAir B-ORG
Boeing B-MISC
707 O
overshot O
the O
runway O
, O
caught O
fire O
, O
hit O
a O
taxi O
and O
skipped O
across O
a O
road O
onto O
a O
railway O
line O
. O

Chairman O
Mohamed B-PER
Fahim I-PER
Rayyan I-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
at O
Cairo B-LOC
airport O
: O
" O
The O
control O
tower O
should O
have O
allocated O
the O
plane O
another O
runway O
, O
instead O
of O
the O
one O
the O
plane O
landed O
on O
. O
" O

" O
The O
one O
it O
landed O
on O
is O
2,250 O
metres O
( O
2,460 O
yards O
) O
long O
while O
the O
other O
one O
if O
more O
than O
3,000 O
metres O
( O
3,300 O
yards O
) O
long O
and O
is O
less O
steep O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

He O
said O
a O
Turkish B-MISC
civil O
aviation O
authority O
official O
had O
made O
the O
same O
point O
and O
he O
noted O
that O
a O
Turkish B-MISC
plane O
had O
a O
similar O
accident O
there O
in O
1994 O
. O

The O
EgyptAir B-ORG
pilot O
blamed O
Turkish B-MISC
airport O
staff O
for O
misleading O
him O
. O

The O
landing O
took O
place O
after O
a O
rainstorm O
. O

" O
Its O
not O
an O
accident O
. O

It O
's O
very O
wet O
. O

The O
brake O
action O
is O
very O
poor O
and O
the O
tower O
said O
it O
's O
medium O
. O

That O
's O
wrong O
, O
" O
the O
pilot O
told O
private O
Ihlas B-ORG
news O
agency O
in O
English B-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Egypt B-LOC
wants O
nothing O
to O
do O
with O
Sudanese B-MISC
rulers O
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
Egyptian B-MISC
government O
will O
have O
nothing O
more O
to O
do O
with O
the O
Sudanese B-MISC
government O
because O
it O
continues O
to O
shelter O
and O
support O
Egyptian B-MISC
militants O
, O
President O
Hosni B-PER
Mubarak I-PER
said O
in O
a O
speech O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Egypt B-LOC
says O
the O
Sudanese B-MISC
government O
helped O
the O
Moslem B-MISC
militants O
who O
tried O
to O
kill O
Mubarak B-PER
in O
Addis B-LOC
Ababa I-LOC
last O
year O
. O

It O
sponsored O
last O
week O
's O
U.N. B-ORG
Security I-ORG
Council I-ORG
resolution O
threatening O
a O
ban O
on O
Sudanese B-MISC
flights O
abroad O
if O
Khartoum B-LOC
does O
not O
hand O
over O
three O
men O
accused O
in O
the O
Addis B-LOC
Ababa I-LOC
incident O
. O

The O
sanctions O
will O
come O
into O
effect O
in O
November O
if O
Sudan B-LOC
fails O
to O
extradite O
the O
men O
, O
but O
Sudan B-LOC
says O
it O
cannot O
hand O
them O
over O
to O
Ethiopia B-LOC
for O
trial O
because O
they O
are O
not O
in O
Sudan B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
are O
still O
eager O
that O
nothing O
should O
affect O
the O
Sudanese B-MISC
people O
but O
we O
will O
not O
deal O
with O
the O
current O
regime O
or O
the O
Turabi B-PER
front O
or O
whatever O
, O
" O
Mubarak B-PER
told O
a O
group O
of O
academics O
. O

Hassan B-PER
al-Turabi I-PER
is O
the O
leader O
of O
the O
National B-ORG
Islamic I-ORG
Front I-ORG
, O
the O
political O
force O
behind O
the O
Sudanese B-MISC
government O
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
want O
to O
go O
into O
more O
details O
than O
that O
but O
there O
are O
more O
details O
and O
they O
are O
bitter O
. O

There O
are O
terrorists O
they O
are O
sheltering O
and O
they O
make O
Sudanese B-MISC
passorts O
for O
them O
and O
they O
get O
paid O
by O
them O
, O
" O
Mubarak B-PER
said O
. O

He O
did O
not O
say O
if O
Egypt B-LOC
would O
go O
so O
far O
as O
to O
break O
relations O
, O
a O
step O
it O
has O
been O
reluctant O
to O
take O
, O
ostensibly O
because O
it O
would O
affect O
ordinary O
Sudanese B-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Turkish B-MISC
shares O
shed O
gains O
in O
profit-taking O
. O

ISTANBUL B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Turkish B-MISC
shares O
ended O
lower O
on O
Thursday O
, O
shedding O
gains O
of O
earlier O
in O
the O
week O
amid O
profit-taking O
sales O
, O
brokers O
said O
. O

The O
IMKB-100 B-MISC
lost O
0.19 O
percent O
or O
123.89 O
points O
to O
end O
at O
64,178.78 O
. O

Gains O
so O
far O
this O
week O
have O
totalled O
2.92 O
percent O
. O

Daily O
volume O
dropped O
to O
7.2 O
trillion O
lira O
from O
Wednesday O
's O
7.8 O
trillion O
lira O
. O

" O
Profit-taking O
sales O
in O
the O
afternoon O
showed O
the O
latest O
gains O
of O
the O
index O
were O
actually O
a O
reaction O
rise O
. O

I O
expect O
the O
market O
to O
go O
as O
far O
down O
as O
63,000 O
tomorrow O
if O
sales O
continue O
, O
" O
said O
Burcin B-PER
Mavituna I-PER
from O
Interbank B-ORG
. O

Brokers O
said O
profit O
taking O
sales O
had O
come O
especially O
as O
the O
index O
approached O
the O
65,000 O
resistance O
level O
. O

They O
said O
the O
index O
could O
also O
rise O
towards O
65,000 O
if O
the O
cheap O
share O
prices O
attracted O
buyers O
. O

The O
market O
had O
its O
first O
resistance O
at O
67,000 O
if O
it O
pierced O
65,000 O
, O
they O
added O
. O

The O
session O
's O
most O
active O
shares O
were O
those O
of O
Isbank B-ORG
gained O
300 O
lira O
to O
8,600 O
. O

Shares O
of O
utility O
Cukurova B-ORG
lost O
3,000 O
lira O
to O
67,000 O
. O

The O
85-share O
industrial O
index O
lost O
0.47 O
percent O
to O
70,848.86 O
and O
the O
15-share O
financial O
index O
rose O
by O
0.55 O
percent O
to O
55,929.89 O
. O

Of O
the O
218 O
shares O
traded O
, O
gainers O
outdid O
losers O
by O
100 O
to O
64 O
and O
54 O
shares O
were O
stable O
. O

-- O
Istanbul B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+90-212-275 O
0875 O
SA O

-DOCSTART- O

Miss B-MISC
Universe I-MISC
hides O
behind O
veil O
of O
silence O
. O

Kieran B-PER
Murray I-PER

LAS B-LOC
CRUCES I-LOC
, O
N.M. O
1996-08-22 O

Miss B-MISC
Universe I-MISC
, O
Venezuela B-LOC
's O
Alicia B-PER
Machado I-PER
, O
left O
New B-LOC
Mexico I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
, O
refusing O
to O
answer O
questions O
about O
her O
weight O
or O
claims O
she O
was O
told O
to O
either O
go O
on O
a O
crash O
diet O
or O
give O
up O
her O
title O
. O

Machado B-PER
, O
19 O
, O
flew O
to O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
after O
slipping O
away O
from O
the O
New B-LOC
Mexico I-LOC
desert O
town O
of O
Las B-LOC
Cruces I-LOC
, O
where O
she O
attended O
the O
1996 B-MISC
Miss I-MISC
Teen I-MISC
USA I-MISC
pageant O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

While O
Machado B-PER
was O
not O
a O
contestant O
here O
, O
she O
came O
under O
intense O
scrutiny O
following O
reports O
she O
was O
given O
an O
ultimatum O
by O
Los B-MISC
Angeles-based I-MISC
Miss B-ORG
Universe I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
to O
drop O
27 O
pounds O
( O
12 O
kg O
) O
in O
two O
weeks O
or O
risk O
losing O
her O
crown O
. O

In O
Venezuela B-LOC
, O
her O
mother O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
that O
Machado B-PER
had O
a O
swollen O
face O
when O
she O
left O
home O
two O
weeks O
ago O
because O
she O
had O
her O
wisdom O
teeth O
extracted O
. O

Marta B-PER
Fajardo I-PER
insisted O
her O
daughter O
, O
who O
weighed O
112 O
pounds O
( O
51 O
kg O
) O
when O
she O
won O
the O
Miss B-MISC
Universe I-MISC
title O
in O
Las B-LOC
Vegas I-LOC
in O
May O
, O
had O
perfectly O
normal O
eating O
habits O
. O

" O
Everybody O
has O
their O
own O
addiction O
to O
something O
or O
other O
but O
it O
's O
not O
as O
if O
she O
eats O
cakes O
like O
crazy O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

Organisers O
flatly O
denied O
ever O
threatening O
Machado B-PER
but O
immediately O
put O
her O
under O
wraps O
and O
blocked O
access O
to O
her O
. O

Dressed O
in O
a O
black O
strapless O
evening O
gown O
at O
Wednesday O
's O
pageant O
, O
Machado B-PER
was O
clearly O
heavier O
than O
the O
contestants O
but O
still O
won O
rave O
reviews O
after O
her O
brief O
appearance O
on O
stage O
. O

" O
Are O
you O
kidding O
? O

She O
's O
fantastic O
, O
" O
said O
Nikki B-PER
Campbell I-PER
, O
28 O
, O
who O
went O
to O
the O
pageant O
. O
" O

She O
looked O
great O
. O

Very O
sexy O
. O
" O

Machado B-PER
's O
publicists O
said O
on O
Thursday O
she O
was O
scheduled O
to O
stay O
in O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
for O
promotional O
work O
with O
sponsors O
before O
returning O
to O
Venezuela B-LOC
on O
Sept O
. O

5 O
. O

Beauty O
queens O
are O
high-profile O
personalities O
in O
Venezuela B-LOC
and O
Machado B-PER
's O
alleged O
weight O
problem O
made O
front O
page O
news O
this O
week O
. O

It O
was O
an O
official O
of O
the O
Miss B-ORG
Venezuela I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
who O
first O
said O
Machado B-PER
had O
been O
told O
to O
lose O
weight O
fast O
. O

People O
close O
to O
her O
said O
she O
then O
eased O
up O
on O
her O
diet O
and O
indulged O
her O
passion O
for O
pasta O
and O
cake O
, O
but O
it O
was O
not O
clear O
how O
many O
pounds O
she O
gained O
and O
most O
people O
who O
saw O
her O
said O
she O
was O
still O
a O
long O
way O
from O
being O
fat O
. O

Martin B-PER
Brooks I-PER
, O
president O
of O
Miss B-ORG
Universe I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
said O
he O
spoke O
with O
Machado B-PER
to O
assure O
her O
that O
organisers O
were O
not O
putting O
pressure O
on O
her O
. O

" O
She O
's O
fine O
with O
it O
. O

She O
wished O
, O
as O
we O
all O
did O
, O
that O
it O
had O
n't O
happened O
but O
she O
's O
spiritually O
and O
mentally O
terrific O
. O

There O
's O
no O
problem O
whatsoever O
, O
" O
he O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

He O
said O
the O
lifestyle O
associated O
with O
being O
Miss B-MISC
Universe I-MISC
could O
make O
routine O
exercise O
difficult O
. O

" O
The O
problem O
is O
they O
travel O
so O
much O
and O
are O
so O
busy O
that O
the O
ability O
to O
have O
any O
type O
of O
regimented O
routine O
workout O
does O
n't O
exist O
. O

I O
dont O
know O
if O
Alicia B-PER
is O
working O
out O
. O

We O
have O
n't O
talked O
about O
it O
because O
it O
has O
n't O
been O
an O
issue O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kevorkian B-PER
attends O
third O
suicide O
in O
week O
. O

PONTIAC B-LOC
, O
Mich B-LOC
. O

1996-08-22 O

Dr. O
Jack B-PER
Kevorkian I-PER
attended O
his O
third O
suicide O
in O
less O
than O
a O
week O
on O
Thursday O
, O
bringing O
the O
body O
of O
a O
40-year-old O
Missouri B-LOC
woman O
suffering O
from O
multiple O
sclerosis O
to O
a O
hospital O
emergency O
room O
, O
doctors O
said O
. O

Dr O
Robert B-PER
Aranosian I-PER
, O
emergency O
room O
director O
at O
Pontiac B-LOC
Osteopathic I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
, O
said O
Kevorkian B-PER
brought O
in O
the O
body O
of O
Patricia B-PER
Smith I-PER
, O
of O
Lees B-LOC
Summit I-LOC
, O
Mo B-LOC
. O

, O
at O
midday O
and O
told O
doctors O
that O
she O
had O
been O
paralysed O
by O
the O
disease O
. O

It O
was O
his O
second O
assisted-suicide O
in O
36 O
hours O
and O
the O
37th O
that O
he O
has O
acknowledged O
attending O
since O
starting O
his O
crusade O
for O
doctor O
assisted O
suicide O
in O
1990 O
. O

Kevorkian B-PER
's O
lawyer O
, O
Geoffrey B-PER
Fieger I-PER
, O
said O
those O
attending O
Smith B-PER
's O
death O
included O
her O
husband O
, O
David B-PER
, O
a O
police O
officer O
, O
her O
father O
, O
James B-PER
Poland I-PER
, O
and O
Kevorkian B-PER
. O

It O
was O
the O
first O
known O
time O
that O
a O
police O
officer O
has O
been O
president O
at O
the O
suicide O
of O
one O
of O
Kevorkian B-PER
's O
patients O
. O

He O
offered O
no O
details O
about O
the O
cause O
of O
Smith B-PER
's O
death O
or O
the O
location O
. O

She O
was O
a O
nurse O
who O
had O
" O
rapidly O
progressing O
multple O
sclerosis O
. O
" O

On O
Tuesday O
night O
, O
Kevorkian B-PER
attended O
the O
death O
of O
Louise B-PER
Siebens I-PER
, O
a O
76-year-old O
Texas B-LOC
woman O
with O
amyotrophic O
lateral O
sclerosis O
, O
or O
Lou B-PER
Gehrig I-PER
's O
disease O
. O

On O
August O
15 O
, O
Kevorkian B-PER
helped O
Judith B-PER
Curren I-PER
, O
a O
42-year-old O
Massachusetts B-LOC
nurse O
, O
who O
suffered O
from O
chronic O
fatigue O
syndrome O
, O
a O
non-terminal O
illness O
, O
to O
end O
her O
life O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Fairview B-LOC
, O
Texas B-LOC
, O
$ O
1.82 O
million O
deal O
Baa1 O
- O
Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
Investors I-ORG
Service I-ORG
- O

Rating O
Announcement O
As O
of O
08/21/96 O
. O

Issuer O
: O
Fairview B-LOC
Town I-LOC

State O
: O
TX B-LOC

Rating O
: O
Baa1 O

Sale O
Amount O
: O
1,820,000 O

Expected O
Sale O
Date O
: O
08/27/96 O

-- O
U.S. B-ORG
Municipal I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1650 O

-DOCSTART- O

Defiant O
U.S. B-LOC
neo-Nazi B-MISC
jailed O
by O
German B-MISC
court O
. O

Andrew B-PER
Gray I-PER

HAMBURG B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
Hamburg B-LOC
court O
sentenced O
U.S. B-LOC
neo-Nazi B-MISC
leader O
Gary B-PER
Lauck I-PER
on O
Thursday O
to O
four O
years O
in O
prison O
for O
pumping O
banned O
extremist O
propaganda O
into O
Germany B-LOC
from O
his O
base O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

Lauck B-PER
, O
from O
Lincoln B-LOC
, O
Nebraska B-LOC
, O
yelled O
a O
tirade O
of O
abuse O
at O
the O
court O
after O
his O
conviction O
for O
inciting O
racial O
hatred O
. O

" O
The O
struggle O
will O
go O
on O
, O
" O
the O
43-year-old O
shouted O
in O
German B-MISC
before O
being O
escorted O
out O
by O
security O
guards O
. O

Lauck B-PER
's O
lawyer O
vowed O
he O
would O
appeal O
against O
the O
court O
's O
decision O
, O
arguing O
that O
his O
client O
should O
have O
been O
set O
free O
because O
he O
had O
not O
committed O
any O
offence O
under O
German B-MISC
law O
. O

The O
German B-MISC
government O
hailed O
the O
conviction O
as O
a O
major O
victory O
in O
the O
fight O
against O
neo-Nazism B-MISC
. O

Lauck B-PER
's O
worldwide O
network O
has O
been O
the O
main O
source O
of O
anti-Semitic B-MISC
propaganda O
material O
flowing O
into O
Germany B-LOC
since O
the O
1970s O
. O

" O
Lauck B-PER
possessed O
a O
well-oiled O
propaganda O
machine O
, O
honed O
during O
more O
than O
20 O
years O
, O
" O
presiding O
judge O
Guenter B-PER
Bertram I-PER
told O
the O
court O
. O

" O
He O
set O
up O
a O
propaganda O
cannon O
and O
fired O
it O
at O
Germany B-LOC
. O
" O

said O
Bertram B-PER
, O
who O
also O
read O
out O
extracts O
from O
Lauck B-PER
's O
material O
praising O
Hitler B-PER
as O
" O
the O
greatest O
of O
all O
leaders O
" O
and O
describing O
the O
Nazi B-MISC
slaughter O
of O
millions O
of O
Jews B-MISC
as O
a O
myth O
. O

Eager O
to O
put O
Lauck B-PER
behind O
bars O
quickly O
and O
avoid O
a O
long O
and O
complex O
trial O
, O
prosecutor O
Bernd B-PER
Mauruschat I-PER
limited O
his O
charges O
to O
offences O
since O
1994 O
. O

He O
had O
demanded O
a O
five-year O
jail O
term O
but O
said O
he O
was O
satisfied O
with O
the O
court O
's O
sentence O
. O

Publishing O
and O
distributing O
neo-Nazi B-MISC
material O
is O
illegal O
in O
Germany B-LOC
but O
Lauck B-PER
's O
defence O
team O
had O
argued O
that O
U.S B-LOC
freedom O
of O
speech O
laws O
meant O
he O
was O
free O
to O
produce O
his O
swastika-covered O
books O
, O
magazines O
, O
videos O
and O
flags O
in O
his O
homeland O
. O

Interior O
Minister O
Manfred B-PER
Kanther I-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
he O
" O
welcomed O
the O
prosecution O
and O
conviction O
of O
one O
of O
the O
ringleaders O
of O
international O
neo-Nazism B-MISC
and O
biggest O
distributers O
of O
vicious O
racist O
publications O
" O
. O

" O
It O
is O
high O
time O
he O
was O
behind O
bars O
, O
" O
the O
opposition O
Social B-MISC
Democrats I-MISC
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

Lauck B-PER
, O
dressed O
in O
a O
sober O
blue O
suit O
and O
sporting O
his O
trademark O
Hitleresque B-MISC
black O
moustache O
, O
showed O
no O
sign O
of O
emotion O
as O
Bertram B-PER
spent O
more O
than O
an O
hour O
reading O
out O
the O
verdict O
and O
explaining O
the O
court O
's O
decision O
. O

But O
as O
Lauck B-PER
was O
about O
to O
be O
led O
away O
, O
he O
turned O
to O
reporters O
and O
blurted O
out O
a O
virtually O
incomprehensible O
quick-fire O
diatribe O
against O
the O
court O
. O

" O
Neither O
the O
National B-MISC
Socialists I-MISC
( O
Nazis B-MISC
) O
nor O
the O
communists O
dared O
to O
kidnap O
an O
American B-MISC
citizen O
, O
" O
he O
shouted O
, O
in O
an O
oblique O
reference O
to O
his O
extradition O
to O
Germany B-LOC
from O
Denmark B-LOC
. O
" O

That O
's O
the O
truth O
. O
" O

His O
attorney O
, O
Hans-Otto B-PER
Sieg I-PER
, O
told O
reporters O
outside O
the O
courtroom O
that O
the O
judges O
had O
not O
explained O
how O
a O
German B-MISC
court O
could O
judge O
someone O
for O
actions O
carried O
out O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

Bertram B-PER
said O
Lauck B-PER
was O
obsessed O
by O
Nazism B-MISC
and O
devoted O
his O
life O
to O
leading O
his O
National B-ORG
Socialist I-ORG
German I-ORG
Workers I-ORG
' I-ORG
Party I-ORG
Foreign I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
( O
NSDAP-AO B-ORG
) O
, O
which O
derives O
its O
name O
from O
the O
full O
German B-MISC
title O
of O
Hitler B-PER
's O
Nazi B-MISC
party O
. O

During O
the O
three-month O
trial O
, O
the O
court O
dealt O
mainly O
with O
issues O
of O
the O
NSDAP-AO B-ORG
's O
" O
NS B-ORG
Kampfruf I-ORG
" O
( O
" O
National B-ORG
Socialist I-ORG
Battle I-ORG
Cry I-ORG
" O
) O
magazine O
, O
filled O
with O
references O
to O
Aryan B-MISC
supremacy O
and O
defamatory O
statements O
about O
Jews B-MISC
. O

The O
court O
rejected O
Sieg B-PER
's O
argument O
that O
Lauck B-PER
's O
extradition O
from O
Denmark B-LOC
, O
where O
he O
was O
arrested O
in O
March O
last O
year O
at O
the O
request O
of O
German B-MISC
authorities O
, O
was O
illegal O
. O

Lauck B-PER
was O
also O
convicted O
of O
disseminating O
the O
symbols O
of O
anti-constitutional O
organisations O
. O

He O
will O
probably O
be O
free O
in O
around O
two O
and O
a O
half O
years O
. O

The O
court O
ruled O
that O
the O
15 O
months O
he O
has O
spent O
in O
custody O
since O
his O
arrest O
should O
be O
subtracted O
from O
his O
prison O
term O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

UN B-ORG
official O
says O
Iraqi B-MISC
deal O
will O
occur O
" O
soon O
" O
. O

UNITED B-ORG
NATIONS I-ORG
1996-08-22 O

A O
senior O
U.N. B-ORG
official O
said O
on O
Thursday O
he O
expected O
arrangements O
to O
implement O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
oil-for-food O
deal O
could O
be O
completed O
" O
quite O
soon O
. O
" O

" O
I O
am O
reluctant O
to O
speculate O
but O
we O
are O
doing O
the O
preparations O
and O
the O
secretary-general O
is O
anxious O
to O
start O
the O
program O
, O
" O
said O
Undersecretary-General O
Yasushi B-PER
Akashi I-PER
. O

" O
It O
might O
be O
sooner O
than O
you O
think O
, O
" O
he O
told O
reporters O
after O
briefing O
the O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
on O
arrangements O
for O
monitors O
needed O
to O
carry O
out O
the O
agreement O
. O

Akashi B-PER
is O
head O
of O
the O
Department B-ORG
of I-ORG
Humanitarian I-ORG
affairs I-ORG
. O

His O
deputy O
earlier O
speculated O
at O
least O
10 O
days O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Suspected O
killers O
of O
bishop O
dead O
-- O
Algeria B-ORG
TV I-ORG
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Algerian B-MISC
security O
forces O
have O
shot O
dead O
three O
Moslem B-MISC
guerrillas O
suspected O
of O
killing O
a O
leading O
French B-MISC
bishop O
in O
western O
Algeria B-LOC
, O
the O
Algerian B-MISC
state-run O
television O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Security O
forces O
also O
arrested O
four O
other O
men O
sought O
for O
giving O
support O
to O
the O
slain O
Moslem B-MISC
rebels O
, O
the O
television O
said O
. O

The O
television O
, O
which O
did O
not O
say O
when O
the O
security O
forces O
killed O
the O
rebels O
, O
said O
the O
four O
arrested O
men O
confessed O
details O
of O
the O
assassination O
of O
the O
French B-MISC
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
Bishop O
Pierre B-PER
Claverie I-PER
. O

The O
58-year-old O
Claverie B-PER
was O
killed O
in O
August O
1 O
in O
a O
bomb O
blast O
at O
his O
residence O
in O
the O
western O
Algerian B-MISC
city O
of O
Oran B-LOC
, O
hours O
after O
he O
met O
visiting O
French B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Herve B-PER
de I-PER
Charette I-PER
in O
Algiers B-LOC
. O

An O
estimated O
50,000 O
Algerians B-MISC
and O
more O
than O
110 O
foreigners O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
Algeria B-LOC
's O
violence O
pitting O
Moslem B-MISC
rebels O
against O
the O
Algerian B-MISC
government O
forces O
since O
early O
1992 O
, O
when O
the O
authorities O
cancelled O
a O
general O
election O
in O
which O
radical O
Islamists B-MISC
took O
a O
commanding O
lead O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
flown O
cargo O
January-July O
rise O
3.8 O
percent O
. O

FRANKFURT B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
following O
table O
shows O
total O
flown O
air O
cargo O
volumes O
in O
tonnes O
handled O
at O
international O
German B-MISC
airports O
January-July O
1996 O
. O

The O
figures O
exclude O
trucked O
airfreight O
according O
to O
the O
German B-MISC
airports O
association O
ADV B-ORG
. O

Berlin B-LOC
( O
total O
) O
17,844 O
up O
5.9 O
pct O

- O
Tegel B-LOC
10,896 O
up O
3.1 O

- O
Tempelhof B-LOC
202 O
down O
60.0 O

- O
Schoenefeld B-LOC
6,746 O
up O
16.8 O

Bremen B-LOC
1,453 O
up O
13.1 O

Dresden B-LOC
792 O
up O
11.4 O

Duessseldorf B-LOC
31,347 O
down O
4.4 O

Frankfurt B-LOC
768,269 O
up O
1.5 O

Hamburg B-LOC
21,240 O
down O
3.5 O

Hannover B-LOC
6,030 O
up O
15.3 O

Koeln B-LOC
( O
Cologne B-LOC
) O
182,887 O
up O
11.8 O

Leipzig B-LOC
/ O
Halle B-LOC
1,806 O
up O
45.6 O

Munich B-LOC
44,525 O
up O
11.8 O

Muenster B-LOC
/ O
Osnabrueck B-LOC
382 O
up O
28.2 O

Nuremberg B-LOC
25,929 O
up O
17.8 O

Saarbruecken B-LOC
626 O
up O
28.3 O

Stuttgart B-LOC
10,655 O
up O
11.7 O

TOTAL O
1,113,785 O
up O
3.8 O

- O
Air B-ORG
Cargo I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
Tel+44 O
161 O
542 O
7706 O
Fax+44 O
171 O
542 O
5017 O

-DOCSTART- O

Paribas B-ORG
repeats O
buy O
on O
Aegon B-ORG
after O
results O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Summary O
of O
Aug O
22 O
research O
. O

Company-------------Price---Broker---------------- O

Aegon B-ORG
83.40 O
Paribas B-ORG

COMMENT O
: O
" O
Not O
only O
did O
Aegon B-ORG
surprise O
with O
earnings O
of O
711 O
million O
guilders O
, O
which O
were O
above O
the O
top O
of O
the O
expected O
range O
, O
it O
also O
forecast O
a O
similar O
performance O
in O
the O
second O
half O
. O
" O

Reiterates O
previous O
" O
buy O
" O
recommendation O
after O
results O
. O

Estimates O
( O
Dfl B-MISC
) O
: O
EPS O
P O
/ O
E O
Dividend O

1996 O
5.83 O
13.8 O
2.75 O

1997 O
6.59 O
12.2 O
3.10 O

-- O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O
( O
Fax O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5040 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Clinton B-PER
's O
Ballybunion B-ORG
fans O
invited O
to O
Chicago B-LOC
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

U.S. B-LOC
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
had O
to O
drop O
the O
resort O
of O
Ballybunion B-ORG
from O
a O
whirlwind O
Irish B-MISC
tour O
last O
year O
. O

So O
Ballybunion B-ORG
is O
going O
to O
America B-LOC
instead O
. O

Two O
residents O
of O
the O
Atlantic B-LOC
resort O
, O
where O
Clinton B-PER
was O
to O
have O
played O
golf O
with O
the O
Irish B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Dick B-PER
Spring I-PER
, O
have O
been O
invited O
to O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
party O
convention O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
on O
August O
26-29 O
. O

They O
have O
been O
asked O
to O
bring O
with O
them O
the O
placards O
they O
waved O
when O
Clinton B-PER
addressed O
Ireland B-LOC
at O
a O
packed O
ceremony O
in O
Dublin B-LOC
city O
centre O
on O
December O
1 O
, O
last O
year O
. O

They O
read O
: O
" O
Ballybunion B-ORG
backs O
Clinton B-PER
. O
" O

" O
The O
Democratic B-MISC
party O
have O
requested O
we O
bring O
our O
placards O
with O
us O
. O

We O
will O
be O
guests O
of O
the O
Kennedys B-PER
, O
" O
said O
Frank B-PER
Quilter I-PER
, O
one O
of O
the O
two O
who O
have O
been O
invited O
to O
Chicago B-LOC
. O

Clinton B-PER
made O
a O
triumphant O
Irish B-MISC
tour O
to O
back O
a O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
peace O
process O
but O
was O
forced O
to O
drop O
Ballybunion B-ORG
from O
a O
packed O
schedule O
at O
the O
last O
minute O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bonn B-LOC
says O
Moscow B-LOC
has O
promised O
to O
observe O
ceasefire O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Germany B-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
had O
received O
assurances O
from O
the O
Russian B-MISC
government O
that O
its O
forces O
would O
observe O
the O
latest O
ceasefire O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
. O

Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
spokesman O
Martin B-PER
Erdmann I-PER
said O
top O
Bonn B-LOC
diplomat O
Wolfgang B-PER
Ischinger I-PER
had O
been O
assured O
by O
senior O
Russian B-MISC
officials O
that O
the O
ultimatum O
to O
storm O
and O
take O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
of O
Grozny B-LOC
was O
not O
valid O
. O

" O
The O
Russian B-MISC
side O
confirmed O
that O
the O
ceasefire O
is O
in O
place O
and O
they O
will O
keep O
to O
it O
, O
" O
Erdmann B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
after O
speaking O
by O
telephone O
to O
Ischinger B-PER
, O
who O
had O
met O
the O
officials O
on O
a O
two-day O
visit O
to O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

He O
returned O
to O
Bonn B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

Ischinger B-PER
is O
the O
political O
director O
of O
Bonn B-LOC
's O
foreign O
ministry O
. O

Ischinger B-PER
said O
he O
met O
three O
Russian B-MISC
deputy O
foreign O
ministers O
and O
a O
vice O
defence O
minister O
, O
who O
confirmed O
Russian B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Yevgeny B-PER
Primakov I-PER
's O
pledge O
that O
Moscow B-LOC
would O
seek O
a O
political O
solution O
under O
the O
aegis O
of O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
( O
OSCE B-ORG
) O
. O

" O
The O
ultimatum O
( O
to O
storm O
Grozny B-LOC
) O
is O
no O
longer O
an O
issue O
, O
" O
he O
said O
quoting O
Ischinger B-PER
, O
who O
had O
been O
sent O
to O
Moscow B-LOC
by O
German B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Klaus B-PER
Kinkel I-PER
as O
his O
personal O
envoy O
to O
urge O
an O
end O
to O
Moscow B-LOC
's O
military O
campaign O
in O
the O
breakaway O
region O
. O

Ischinger B-PER
said O
the O
threat O
of O
a O
major O
assault O
to O
take O
Grozny B-LOC
had O
been O
the O
unauthorised O
initiative O
of O
the O
commanding O
general O
and O
not O
Moscow B-LOC
's O
intention O
. O

The O
officials O
had O
been O
positive O
about O
Kinkel B-PER
's O
request O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
's O
security O
chief O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
should O
, O
on O
his O
return O
to O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
meet O
Tim B-PER
Goldiman I-PER
, O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
representative O
responsible O
for O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

India B-LOC
says O
sees O
no O
arms O
race O
with O
China B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
. O

NEW B-LOC
DELHI I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

India B-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
its O
opposition O
to O
a O
global O
nuclear O
test O
ban O
treaty O
did O
not O
mean O
New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
intended O
to O
enter O
into O
an O
arms O
race O
with O
neighbouring O
Pakistan B-LOC
and O
China B-LOC
. O

Foreign O
Minister O
I.K. B-PER
Gujral I-PER
was O
asked O
at O
a O
news O
conference O
if O
India B-LOC
's O
decision O
to O
block O
adoption O
of O
the O
accord O
in O
Geneva B-LOC
would O
lead O
to O
an O
arms O
race O
with O
Pakistan B-LOC
and O
China B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
see O
that O
possibility O
because O
India B-LOC
is O
not O
entering O
into O
any O
arms O
race O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

Our O
not O
signing O
a O
new O
treaty O
does O
not O
mean O
we O
are O
going O
in O
for O
any O
new O
kind O
of O
weapons O
, O
particularly O
nuclear O
. O
" O

China B-LOC
, O
along O
with O
Britain B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
and O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
is O
a O
declared O
nuclear O
power O
. O

India B-LOC
carried O
out O
a O
nuclear O
test O
in O
1974 O
but O
says O
it O
has O
not O
built O
the O
bomb O
. O

Experts O
believe O
both O
India B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
could O
quickly O
assemble O
nuclear O
weapons O
. O

Gujral B-PER
said O
he O
did O
not O
expect O
India B-LOC
's O
veto O
of O
the O
Comprehensive B-MISC
Test I-MISC
Ban I-MISC
Treaty I-MISC
( O
CTBT B-MISC
) O
to O
damage O
bilateral O
ties O
with O
other O
nations O
. O

" O
I O
do O
not O
visualise O
its O
straining O
our O
bilateral O
relations O
with O
any O
country O
. O

The O
text O
has O
already O
been O
blocked O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Gujral B-PER
said O
India B-LOC
would O
re-examine O
its O
position O
if O
the O
treaty O
, O
particularly O
a O
clause O
providing O
for O
its O
entry O
into O
force O
, O
was O
modified O
. O

Asked O
what O
India B-LOC
would O
do O
if O
the O
pact O
were O
forwarded O
to O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
General I-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
, O
Gujral B-PER
said O
: O
" O
That O
bridge O
I O
will O
cross O
when O
I O
come O
to O
it O
. O
" O

In O
a O
written O
statement O
released O
at O
the O
news O
conference O
, O
Gujral B-PER
reiterated O
India B-LOC
's O
objections O
to O
the O
treaty O
, O
under O
negotiation O
at O
the O
Conference B-MISC
on I-MISC
Disarmament I-MISC
in O
Geneva B-LOC
. O

" O
It O
is O
a O
sad O
fact O
that O
the O
nuclear O
weapon O
states O
show O
no O
interest O
in O
giving O
up O
their O
nuclear O
hegemony O
, O
" O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

Gujral B-PER
said O
India B-LOC
had O
national O
security O
concerns O
that O
made O
it O
impossible O
for O
New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
to O
sign O
the O
CTBT B-MISC
. O

" O
Our O
security O
concerns O
oblige O
us O
to O
maintain O
our O
nuclear O
option O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
adding O
that O
India B-LOC
had O
exercised O
restraint O
in O
not O
carrying O
out O
any O
nuclear O
tests O
since O
the O
country O
's O
lone O
test O
blast O
in O
1974 O
. O

He O
said O
: O
" O
We O
cannot O
accept O
constraints O
on O
our O
option O
as O
long O
as O
nuclear O
weapon O
states O
continue O
to O
rely O
on O
their O
nuclear O
arsenals O
for O
their O
security O
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Britain B-LOC
says O
death O
of O
its O
citizen O
will O
sour O
ties O
. O

DHAKA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
British B-MISC
minister O
expressed O
his O
government O
's O
official O
disquiet O
on O
Thursday O
at O
the O
recent O
death O
of O
a O
British B-MISC
citizen O
of O
Bangladeshi B-MISC
origin O
at O
Dhaka B-LOC
airport O
. O

" O
I O
have O
told O
Bangladesh B-LOC
leaders O
that O
British B-MISC
goverment O
has O
attached O
serious O
importance O
to O
the O
resolution O
of O
the O
tragic O
death O
of O
Siraj B-PER
Mia I-PER
, O
" O
Under-Secretary O
of O
State O
for O
Foreign O
and O
Commonwealth B-ORG
Affairs O
Liam B-PER
Fox I-PER
Fox I-PER
, O
told O
reporters O
. O

Siraj B-PER
Mia I-PER
died O
at O
Dhaka B-LOC
airport O
on O
May O
9 O
during O
interogation O
by O
customs O
officials O
after O
arriving O
from O
London B-LOC
. O

His O
body O
bore O
multiple O
injuries O
, O
and O
his O
relatives O
complained O
that O
he O
was O
murdered O
. O

A O
post-mortem O
report O
suggested O
he O
might O
have O
been O
tortured O
. O

But O
customs O
authorities O
said O
the O
passenger O
was O
drunk O
and O
died O
of O
loss O
of O
blood O
from O
a O
deep O
cut O
in O
his O
wrist O
after O
he O
hit O
a O
glass O
sheet O
. O

Fox B-PER
, O
who O
arrived O
in O
Bangladesh B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
on O
four-day O
visit O
, O
said O
Britain B-LOC
wanted O
Dhaka B-LOC
to O
act O
seriously O
on O
the O
case O
. O

" O
This O
is O
one O
of O
the O
reasons O
of O
my O
visit O
here O
... O

this O
is O
an O
important O
issue O
in O
our O
relationship O
" O
, O
said O
Fox B-PER
, O
who O
is O
due O
to O
leave O
for O
Nepal B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

Fox B-PER
said O
the O
incident O
had O
strained O
relations O
between O
the O
two O
governments O
. O

He O
said O
the O
Mia B-PER
's O
issue O
had O
been O
raised O
in O
the O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Commons I-ORG
. O

Fox B-PER
said O
he O
had O
brought O
up O
the O
issue O
at O
every O
meeting O
he O
had O
had O
with O
government O
leaders O
in O
Dhaka B-LOC
. O

He O
said O
the O
Bangladesh B-LOC
government O
had O
assured O
him O
it O
was O
taking O
the O
matter O
seriously O
. O

" O
The O
British B-MISC
government O
wants O
a O
thorough O
investigation O
and O
a O
just O
outcome O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Fox B-PER
said O
the O
British B-MISC
government O
wanted O
an O
end O
to O
the O
alleged O
harassment O
of O
its O
nationals O
at O
Dhaka B-LOC
airport O
by O
customs O
officials O
. O

Bangladesh B-LOC
's O
Criminal B-ORG
Investigation I-ORG
Department I-ORG
has O
charged O
two O
immigration O
officials O
in O
connection O
with O
Mia B-PER
's O
killing O
. O

Mia B-PER
, O
a O
father O
of O
five O
children O
, O
had O
a O
restaurant O
business O
in O
a O
London B-LOC
suburb O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

India B-LOC
fears O
attempts O
to O
disrupt O
Kashmir B-LOC
polls O
. O

SRINAGAR B-LOC
, O
India B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

India B-LOC
's O
Home O
( O
interior O
) O
Minister O
accused O
Pakistan B-LOC
on O
on O
Thursday O
of O
planning O
to O
disrupt O
state O
elections O
in O
troubled O
Jammu B-LOC
and O
Kashmir B-LOC
state O
. O

" O
It O
seems O
that O
from O
across O
the O
border O
there O
is O
going O
to O
be O
a O
planned O
attempt O
to O
disrupt O
the O
elections O
, O
" O
Inderjit B-PER
Gupta I-PER
told O
reporters O
in O
the O
state O
capital O
Srinagar B-LOC
. O

The O
local O
polls O
next O
month O
will O
be O
the O
first O
since O
1987 O
in O
the O
state O
, O
clamped O
under O
direct O
rule O
from O
New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
since O
1990 O
. O

India B-LOC
has O
often O
accused O
Pakistan B-LOC
of O
abetting O
militancy O
in O
the O
valley O
, O
a O
charge O
Islamabad B-LOC
has O
always O
denied O
. O

Gupta B-PER
said O
there O
might O
be O
an O
increase O
in O
the O
number O
of O
people O
infiltrating O
the O
Kashmir B-LOC
valley O
to O
create O
disturbance O
in O
the O
region O
. O

" O
We O
noticed O
among O
the O
people O
who O
come O
from O
across O
the O
border O
, O
there O
is O
a O
growing O
number O
of O
foreign O
mercenaries O
, O
" O
Gupta B-PER
said O
. O

India B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
have O
fought O
two O
of O
their O
three O
wars O
over O
the O
troubled O
region O
of O
Kashmir B-LOC
since O
independence O
from O
Britain B-LOC
in O
1947 O
. O

Prime O
Minister O
H.D. B-PER
Deve I-PER
Gowda I-PER
's O
centre-left O
government O
hopes O
the O
elections O
will O
help O
restore O
normality O
and O
democratic O
rule O
in O
Jammu B-LOC
and O
Kashmir B-LOC
, O
where O
more O
than O
20,000 O
people O
have O
died O
in O
insurgency-related O
violence O
since O
1990 O
. O

Over O
a O
dozen O
militant O
groups O
are O
fighting O
New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
's O
rule O
in O
the O
state O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dhaka B-LOC
stocks O
end O
up O
on O
gains O
by O
engineering O
, O
banks O
. O

DHAKA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Dhaka B-LOC
stocks O
edged O
up O
on O
sharply O
higher O
volume O
as O
engineering O
and O
cash O
shares O
gained O
amid O
buying O
by O
both O
small O
and O
institutional O
investors O
, O
brokers O
said O
. O

The O
Dhaka B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
DSE B-ORG
) O
all-share O
price O
index O
rose O
8.05 O
points O
or O
0.7 O
percent O
to O
1,156.79 O
on O
a O
turnover O
of O
146.2 O
million O
taka O
. O

Of O
the O
total O
119 O
issues O
traded O
71 O
closed O
higher O
, O
44 O
ended O
lower O
and O
four O
remained O
unchanged O
. O

. O

National B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
rose O
12.71 O
taka O
to O
228.7 O
, O
Eastern B-ORG
Cables I-ORG
gained O
20.37 O
to O
677.98 O
and O
Apex B-ORG
Tannery I-ORG
lost O
22.72 O
to O
597 O
. O

Brokers O
said O
the O
stocks O
recovered O
early O
losses O
to O
edge O
up O
at O
close O
because O
of O
institutional O
support O
and O
short-covering O
ahead O
of O
Friday O
weekend O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

India B-LOC
RBI B-ORG
chief O
sees O
cut O
in O
cash O
reserve O
ratio O
. O

NEW B-LOC
DELHI I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
Reserve B-ORG
bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
India I-ORG
governor O
C. B-PER
Rangarajan I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
he O
expected O
the O
cash O
reserve O
ratio O
( O
CRR O
) O
maintained O
by O
banks O
to O
be O
reduced O
over O
the O
medium O
term O
. O

" O
Over O
the O
medium O
term O
, O
yes O
, O
" O
he O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
after O
addressing O
industrialists O
in O
the O
capital O
. O

He O
denied O
having O
said O
in O
a O
recent O
newspaper O
interview O
that O
the O
CRR O
could O
be O
raised O
if O
necessary O
. O

He O
said O
he O
was O
only O
trying O
( O
in O
that O
newspaper O
report O
) O
to O
explain O
the O
theoretical O
position O
on O
the O
use O
of O
the O
CRR O
by O
central O
banks O
to O
manage O
money O
supply O
. O

Rangarajan B-PER
explained O
that O
the O
cash O
reserve O
ratio O
was O
an O
instrument O
that O
central O
banks O
could O
use O
to O
regulate O
money O
supply O
by O
reducing O
or O
increasing O
the O
ratio O
. O

But O
in O
the O
current O
context O
, O
the O
government O
stood O
by O
an O
earlier O
commitment O
to O
reduce O
it O
over O
a O
period O
of O
time O
, O
he O
said O
in O
response O
to O
a O
question O
. O

-- O
New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+91-11-3012024 O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
pct O
India B-LOC
current O
account O
deficit O
viable O
- O
RBI B-ORG
. O

BOMBAY B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
Reserve B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
India I-ORG
Governor O
Chakravarty B-PER
Rangarajan I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
a O
current O
account O
deficit O
of O
two O
percent O
of O
gross O
domestic O
product O
( O
GDP O
) O
was O
sustainable O
given O
the O
currrent O
rate O
of O
growth O
. O

" O
The O
current O
account O
deficit O
of O
around O
two O
percent O
of O
GDP O
is O
a O
sustainable O
level O
of O
deficit O
given O
the O
expected O
real O
growth O
rate O
and O
the O
trends O
in O
imports O
and O
exports O
, O
" O
Rangarajan B-PER
said O
in O
an O
address O
to O
business O
leaders O
in O
New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
. O

Rangarajan B-PER
said O
a O
current O
account O
deficit O
of O
two O
percent O
brought O
about O
by O
a O
16-17 O
percent O
annual O
growth O
in O
exports O
and O
a O
14-15 O
percent O
rise O
in O
imports O
along O
with O
an O
increase O
in O
non-debt O
flows O
could O
lead O
to O
a O
reduction O
in O
the O
debt-service O
ratio O
to O
below O
20 O
percent O
over O
the O
next O
five O
years O
. O

-- O
Bombay B-LOC
newsroom O
+91-22-265 O
9000 O

-DOCSTART- O

Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
devoted O
to O
world O
's O
poor O
. O

CALCUTTA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
, O
known O
as O
the O
Saint B-PER
of I-PER
the I-PER
Gutters I-PER
, O
won O
the O
Nobel B-MISC
Peace I-MISC
Prize I-MISC
in O
1979 O
for O
bringing O
hope O
and O
dignity O
to O
millions O
of O
poor O
, O
unwanted O
people O
with O
her O
simple O
message O
: O
" O
The O
poor O
must O
know O
that O
we O
love O
them O
. O
" O

While O
the O
world O
heaps O
honours O
on O
her O
and O
even O
regards O
her O
as O
a O
living O
saint O
, O
the O
nun O
of O
Albanian B-MISC
descent O
maintains O
she O
is O
merely O
doing O
God B-PER
's O
work O
. O

" O
It O
gives O
me O
great O
joy O
and O
fulfilment O
to O
love O
and O
care O
for O
the O
poor O
and O
neglected O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O
" O

The O
poor O
do O
not O
need O
our O
sympathy O
and O
pity O
. O

They O
need O
our O
love O
and O
compassion O
. O
" O

The O
diminutive O
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
missionary O
was O
on O
respiratory O
support O
in O
intensive O
care O
in O
an O
Indian B-MISC
nursing O
home O
on O
Thursday O
after O
suffering O
heart O
failure O
. O

But O
an O
attending O
doctor O
said O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
, O
who O
turns O
86 O
next O
Tuesday O
, O
was O
conscious O
and O
in O
stable O
condition O
. O

The O
task O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
began O
alone O
in O
1949 O
in O
the O
slums O
of O
densely-populated O
Calcutta B-LOC
, O
and O
grew O
to O
touch O
the O
hearts O
of O
people O
around O
the O
world O
. O

When O
in O
1979 O
she O
was O
told O
she O
had O
won O
the O
Nobel B-MISC
Peace I-MISC
Prize I-MISC
, O
she O
said O
characteristically O
: O
" O
I O
am O
unworthy O
. O
" O

The O
world O
disagreed O
, O
showering O
more O
than O
80 O
national O
and O
international O
honours O
on O
her O
including O
the O
Bharat B-MISC
Ratna I-MISC
, O
or O
Jewel B-MISC
of I-MISC
India I-MISC
, O
the O
country O
's O
highest O
civilian O
award O
. O

Her O
health O
began O
to O
deteriorate O
in O
1989 O
when O
she O
was O
fitted O
with O
a O
heart O
pacemaker O
. O

A O
year O
later O
, O
the O
Vatican B-LOC
announced O
she O
was O
stepping O
down O
as O
Superior O
of O
her O
Missionaries B-ORG
of I-ORG
Charity I-ORG
order O
. O

More O
than O
100 O
delegates O
flew O
in O
from O
around O
the O
world O
to O
elect O
a O
successor O
. O

They O
could O
not O
agree O
, O
so O
asked O
her O
to O
stay O
on O
. O

She O
agreed O
. O

In O
1991 O
, O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
was O
treated O
at O
a O
California B-LOC
hospital O
for O
heart O
disease O
and O
bacterial O
pneumonia O
. O

In O
1993 O
, O
she O
fell O
in O
Rome B-LOC
and O
broke O
three O
ribs O
. O

In O
August O
the O
same O
year O
, O
while O
in O
New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
to O
receive O
yet O
another O
award O
, O
she O
developed O
malaria O
, O
complicated O
by O
her O
heart O
and O
lung O
problems O
. O

Last O
April O
she O
fractured O
her O
left O
collar O
bone O
. O

But O
her O
increasing O
frailty O
, O
arthritis O
and O
failing O
eyesight O
has O
not O
stopped O
her O
travels O
around O
the O
world O
to O
mingle O
with O
the O
poor O
and O
desperate O
. O

Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
was O
born O
Agnes B-PER
Goinxha I-PER
Bejaxhiu I-PER
to O
Albanian B-MISC
parents O
in O
Skopje B-LOC
, O
in O
what O
was O
then O
Serbia B-LOC
, O
on O
August O
27 O
, O
1910 O
. O

She O
attended O
a O
government O
school O
and O
was O
already O
deeply O
religious O
by O
the O
time O
she O
was O
12 O
. O

At O
the O
age O
of O
18 O
she O
became O
a O
Loretto B-MISC
nun O
, O
hoping O
to O
work O
at O
the O
Order O
's O
Calcutta B-LOC
mission O
. O

She O
was O
sent O
to O
Loretto B-LOC
Abbey I-LOC
in O
Dublin B-LOC
and O
from O
there O
to O
India B-LOC
to O
begin O
her O
novitiate O
and O
teach O
geography O
at O
a O
convent O
school O
in O
Calcutta B-LOC
. O

She O
said O
her O
divine O
call O
to O
work O
among O
the O
poor O
came O
in O
September O
, O
1946 O
. O
" O

The O
message O
was O
quite O
clear O
, O
" O
she O
told O
one O
interviewer O
. O
" O

I O
was O
to O
leave O
the O
convent O
and O
help O
the O
poor O
while O
living O
among O
them O
. O

It O
was O
an O
order O
. O

I O
knew O
where O
I O
belonged O
. O
" O

The O
Vatican B-LOC
and O
the O
mother O
superior O
in O
Dublin B-LOC
approved O
and O
after O
intensive O
training O
as O
a O
nurse O
with O
American B-MISC
missionaries O
she O
opened O
her O
first O
Calcutta B-LOC
slum O
school O
in O
December O
1949 O
. O

She O
took O
the O
name O
of O
Teresa B-PER
, O
after O
France B-LOC
's O
Saint O
Therese B-PER
of O
the O
Child O
Jesus B-PER
. O

In O
India B-LOC
she O
was O
simply O
called O
Mother B-PER
. O

Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
set O
up O
her O
first O
home O
for O
the O
dying O
in O
a O
Hindu B-MISC
rest O
house O
in O
Calcutta B-LOC
after O
she O
saw O
a O
penniless O
woman O
turned O
away O
by O
a O
city O
hospital O
. O

Named O
" O
Nirmal B-LOC
Hriday I-LOC
" O
( O
Tender B-LOC
Heart I-LOC
) O
, O
it O
was O
the O
first O
of O
a O
chain O
of O
150 O
homes O
for O
dying O
, O
destitute O
people O
, O
admitting O
nearly O
18,000 O
a O
year O
. O

Her O
Missionaries B-ORG
of I-ORG
Charity I-ORG
, O
a O
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
religious O
order O
she O
founded O
in O
1949 O
, O
now O
runs O
about O
300 O
homes O
for O
unwanted O
children O
and O
the O
destitute O
in O
India B-LOC
and O
abroad O
. O

In O
1994 O
a O
British B-MISC
television O
documentary O
called O
the O
myth O
around O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
a O
mixture O
of O
" O
hyperbole O
and O
credulity O
" O
. O

Catholics B-MISC
around O
the O
world O
rose O
to O
her O
defence O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
FOCUS-News O
forecasts O
alien-led O
profit O
boost O
. O

Bernard B-PER
Hickey I-PER

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Media O
baron O
Rupert B-PER
Murdoch I-PER
's O
News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
reported O
lower O
than O
expected O
1995/96 O
profits O
on O
Thursday O
, O
but O
forecast O
that O
the O
hit O
film O
" O
Independence B-MISC
Day I-MISC
" O
would O
help O
increase O
profits O
by O
at O
least O
20 O
percent O
in O
1996/97 O
. O

" O
From O
an O
earnings O
perspective O
, O
the O
current O
fiscal O
year O
has O
begun O
with O
great O
promise O
due O
to O
the O
hit O
motion O
picture O
' O
Independence B-MISC
Day I-MISC
, O
' O
" O
News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
announcing O
its O
results O
for O
the O
year O
to O
June O
30 O
, O
1996 O
. O

It O
said O
moderating O
paper O
prices O
and O
solid O
orders O
for O
advertising O
at O
its O
Fox B-ORG
Broadcasting I-ORG
television O
network O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
would O
also O
help O
boost O
profits O
in O
the O
1996/97 O
year O
. O
" O

A O
budgeted O
profit O
increase O
of O
at O
least O
20 O
percent O
for O
the O
full O
year O
currently O
appears O
very O
attainable O
, O
" O
News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
said O
. O

The O
bullish O
comments O
for O
the O
coming O
year O
soothed O
analysts O
and O
most O
shareholders O
, O
who O
were O
disappointed O
by O
the O
lower O
than O
expected O
profit O
for O
1995/96 O
. O

News B-ORG
announced O
pre-abnormals O
net O
profit O
for O
the O
year O
fell O
six O
percent O
to O
A$ B-MISC
1.26 O
billion O
( O
US$ B-MISC
995 O
million O
) O
and O
earnings O
per O
share O
dropped O
to O
40 O
cents O
from O
46 O
cents O
. O

Analysts O
had O
on O
average O
expected O
a O
pre-abnormals O
profit O
of O
A$ B-MISC
1.343 O
billion O
. O

" O
The O
year O
just O
gone O
was O
disappointing O
, O
but O
the O
outlook O
for O
the O
current O
year O
looks O
good O
, O
" O
First B-ORG
Pacific I-ORG
media O
analyst O
Lachlan B-PER
Drummond I-PER
said O
. O

News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
said O
strong O
performances O
in O
U.S. B-LOC
television O
and O
British B-MISC
newspapers O
were O
offset O
by O
lower O
profits O
from O
News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
's O
magazine O
and O
publishing O
divisions O
and O
further O
hefty O
losses O
from O
its O
Asian B-ORG
Star I-ORG
TV I-ORG
operations O
. O

Higher O
newsprint O
prices O
hit O
profits O
hard O
. O
" O

Throughout O
the O
group O
, O
higher O
paper O
prices O
increased O
costs O
by O
over O
US$ B-MISC
300 O
million O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
said O
British B-MISC
newspaper O
operating O
profits O
rose O
10 O
percent O
for O
the O
year O
, O
as O
higher O
cover O
prices O
at O
The B-ORG
Sun I-ORG
and O
The B-ORG
Times I-ORG
and O
higher O
advertising O
volumes O
offset O
increased O
newsprint O
costs O
. O

Advertising O
revenues O
at O
The B-ORG
Times I-ORG
grew O
20 O
percent O
. O

Analysts O
said O
sharply O
lower O
earnings O
from O
News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
's O
book O
publishing O
division O
and O
its O
U.S. B-LOC
magazines O
had O
been O
the O
major O
surprises O
in O
the O
results O
for O
1995/96 O
. O

News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
said O
revenue O
gains O
at O
its O
magazines O
and O
inserts O
division O
were O
offset O
by O
higher O
paper O
prices O
and O
lower O
sales O
at O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
TV B-ORG
Guide I-ORG
. O

News B-ORG
said O
dramatically O
lower O
earnings O
from O
the O
British B-MISC
arm O
of O
its O
Harper-Collins B-ORG
publishing O
division O
more O
than O
offset O
healthy O
results O
from O
its O
U.S. B-LOC
operation O
. O

It O
said O
the O
demise O
of O
the O
Net B-MISC
Book I-MISC
Agreement I-MISC
had O
hurt O
the O
British B-MISC
operations O
, O
and O
weak O
performances O
from O
the O
San B-LOC
Francisco I-LOC
unit O
of O
Harper-Collins B-ORG
had O
not O
helped O
. O

The O
minimum O
price O
setting O
expired O
last O
September O
when O
three O
publishers O
pulled O
out O
. O

But O
it O
was O
the O
bullish O
profit O
forecast O
for O
1996/97 O
that O
took O
the O
spotlight O
in O
the O
market O
, O
with O
some O
analysts O
saying O
20 O
percent O
may O
even O
be O
an O
understatement O
. O

" O
If O
they O
're O
saying O
at O
least O
20 O
percent O
, O
then O
their O
internal O
forecasts O
are O
probably O
saying O
25 O
or O
30 O
percent O
, O
" O
said O
one O
Sydney B-LOC
media O
analyst O
who O
declined O
to O
be O
named O
. O

News B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
's O
shares O
were O
down O
eight O
cents O
at O
A$ B-MISC
6.39 O
at O
2.00 O
p.m. O
( O
0400 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
in O
a O
soft O
market O
. O

( O
A$ B-MISC
1 O
= O
US$ B-MISC
0.79 O
) O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Budget O
cuts O
to O
boost O
Australia B-LOC
savings O
- O
RBA B-ORG
. O

CANBERRA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
Australian B-MISC
government O
's O
plans O
to O
slash O
its O
budget O
deficit O
should O
make O
a O
useful O
contribution O
to O
national O
savings O
, O
the O
Reserve B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Australia I-ORG
( O
RBA B-ORG
) O
said O
in O
its O
annual O
report O
. O

" O
The O
government O
's O
announced O
plans O
to O
balance O
the O
budget O
, O
if O
realised O
, O
would O
make O
a O
useful O
contribution O
to O
raising O
national O
savings O
, O
" O
the O
RBA B-ORG
said O
. O

The O
bank O
said O
there O
were O
concerns O
fiscal O
consolidation O
would O
unduly O
restrict O
growth O
, O
but O
evidence O
was O
ambiguous O
. O

In O
its O
1996/97 O
budget O
announced O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
the O
Australian B-MISC
Coalition B-ORG
government O
announced O
an O
underlying O
budget O
deficit O
of O
A$ B-MISC
5.65 O
billion O
, O
and O
pledged O
to O
return O
the O
underlying O
budget O
balance O
to O
surplus O
by O
1998/99 O
. O

The O
budget O
deficit O
was O
A$ B-MISC
10.3 O
billion O
in O
1995/96 O
. O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

" O
Determined O
and O
credible O
efforts O
to O
rein O
in O
unsustainable O
fiscal O
positions O
( O
are O
) O
often O
rewarded O
by O
rising O
confidence O
, O
giving O
favourable O
effects O
on O
economic O
activity O
even O
in O
the O
short O
term O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

" O
More O
generally O
, O
the O
long-term O
effects O
of O
fiscal O
consolidation O
are O
clearly O
positive O
, O
with O
higher O
saving O
tending O
to O
promote O
economic O
growth O
by O
raising O
investment O
and O
lowering O
long-term O
real O
interest O
rates O
, O
" O
the O
RBA B-ORG
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BNZ B-ORG
cuts O
NZ B-LOC
fixed O
home O
lending O
rates O
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
New I-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
was O
cutting O
its O
fixed O
home O
lending O
rates O
. O

The O
rates O
are O
: O

New O
rate O
old O
rate O

Six O
month O
rate O
10.5 O
pct O
10.75 O

One O
year O
10.5 O
pct O
10.95 O

Two O
year O
10.5 O
pct O
11.25 O

Three O
year O
10.5 O
pct O
11.25 O

BNZ B-ORG
said O
it O
was O
responding O
to O
lower O
wholesale O
rates O
. O

Fixed O
business O
and O
farm O
lending O
rates O
rates O
were O
left O
unchanged O
although O
they O
were O
under O
review O
. O

-- O
Wellington B-LOC
newsroom O
64 O
4 O
4734 O
746 O

-DOCSTART- O

Power B-ORG
NZ I-ORG
ODV I-ORG
up O
8 O
pct O
at O
NZ$ B-MISC
524 O
million O
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Power B-ORG
New I-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
the O
Optimised O
Deprival O
Value O
( O
ODV O
) O
of O
its O
network O
at O
March O
31 O
, O
1996 O
has O
been O
set O
at O
$ O
524.2 O
million O
, O
an O
increase O
of O
eight O
percent O
on O
its O
$ O
486.5 O
million O
valuation O
a O
year O
earlier O
. O

The O
company O
said O
the O
increase O
reflected O
the O
value O
of O
extensions O
to O
the O
network O
to O
meet O
economic O
growth O
in O
its O
supply O
area O
and O
an O
increase O
in O
the O
estimated O
lifespan O
of O
the O
network O
. O

It O
said O
the O
increase O
was O
consistent O
with O
the O
approach O
followed O
by O
other O
power O
companies O
and O
reflected O
the O
company O
's O
new O
levels O
of O
preventative O
maintenance O
and O
equipment O
upgrading O
. O

The O
revaluation O
was O
undertaken O
to O
meet O
the O
disclosure O

requirements O
of O
the O
Ministry B-ORG
of I-ORG
Commerce I-ORG
. O

-- O
Wellington B-LOC
newsroom O
64 O
4 O
4734 O
746 O

-DOCSTART- O

Thais O
hunt O
for O
Australian B-MISC
jail O
breaker O
. O

BANGKOK B-LOC

Thailand B-LOC
has O
launched O
a O
manhunt O
for O
an O
Australian B-MISC
who O
escaped O
from O
a O
high O
security O
prison O
in O
Bangkok B-LOC
while O
awaiting O
trial O
on O
drug O
possession O
charges O
, O
officials O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Daniel B-PER
Westlake I-PER
, O
46 O
, O
from O
Victoria B-LOC
, O
made O
the O
first O
sucessful O
escape O
from O
Klongprem B-LOC
prison O
in O
the O
northern O
outskirts O
of O
the O
capital O
on O
Sunday O
night O
. O

He O
was O
believed O
by O
prison O
officials O
to O
still O
be O
in O
Thailand B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
have O
ordered O
a O
massive O
hunt O
for O
him O
and O
I O
am O
quite O
confident O
we O
will O
get O
him O
soon O
, O
" O
Vivit B-PER
Chatuparisut I-PER
, O
deputy O
director O
general O
of O
the O
Correction B-ORG
Department I-ORG
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Westlake B-PER
, O
arrested O
in O
December O
1993 O
and O
charged O
with O
heroin O
trafficking O
, O
sawed O
the O
iron O
grill O
off O
his O
cell O
window O
and O
climbed O
down O
the O
prison O
's O
five-metre O
( O
15-foot O
) O
wall O
on O
a O
rope O
made O
from O
bed O
sheets O
, O
Vivit O
said O
. O

The O
corrections O
department O
was O
probing O
the O
escape O
and O
had O
ordered O
all O
foreign O
inmates O
chained O
to O
prevent O
more O
breakouts O
. O

There O
are O
266 O
Westerners B-MISC
, O
including O
six O
Australians B-MISC
, O
in O
the O
prison O
, O
most O
awaiting O
trial O
on O
drugs O
charges O
. O

There O
also O
are O
about O
5,000 O
Thai B-MISC
inmates O
in O
Klongprem B-LOC
, O
a O
prison O
official O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Tokyo B-ORG
Soir I-ORG
- O
1996 O
parent O
forecast O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Year O
to O
December O
31 O
, O
1996 O

( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

LATEST O
ACTUAL O

( O
Parent O
) O
FORECAST O
YEAR-AGO O

Sales O
26.00 O
26.70 O

Current O
400 O
million O
329 O
million O

Net O
250 O
million O
84 O
million O

EPS O
11.61 O
yen O
3.92 O
yen O

Ord O
div O
10.00 O
yen O
10.00 O
yen O

NOTE O
- O
Tokyo B-ORG
Soir I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
is O
a O
specialised O
manufacturer O
of O
women O
" O
s O
formal O
wear O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ka B-ORG
Wah I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
sets O
HK$ B-MISC
43 O
mln O
FRCD O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Ka B-ORG
Wah I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
's O
HK$ B-MISC
43 O
million O
floating O
rate O
certificate O
of O
deposit O
issue O
has O
been O
privately O
placed O
, O
sole O
arranger O
HSBC B-ORG
Markets I-ORG
said O
. O

The O
facility O
has O
a O
tenor O
of O
six O
months O
. O

It O
pays O
a O
coupon O
of O
15 O
basis O
points O
over O
the O
six-month O
Hong B-ORG
Kong I-ORG
Interbank I-ORG
Offered O
Rate O
. O

Other O
details O
are O
not O
available O
. O

The O
deposit O
date O
is O
September O
5 O
, O
1996 O
. O

Clearing O
is O
through O
the O
Hong B-ORG
Kong I-ORG
Central I-ORG
Moneymarkets I-ORG
Unit I-ORG
. O

-- O
Hong B-ORG
Kong I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
( O
852 O
) O
2847 O
4039 O

-DOCSTART- O

Malaysia B-LOC
bans O
nitrofuran O
usage O
in O
chicken O
feed O
. O

KUALA B-LOC
LUMPUR I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Malaysia B-LOC
has O
banned O
the O
use O
of O
nitrofuran O
, O
an O
antibiotic O
, O
in O
chicken O
feed O
and O
veterinary O
applications O
because O
it O
believes O
the O
drug O
could O
cause O
cancer O
, O
the O
health O
ministry O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

" O
It O
is O
hoped O
that O
livestock O
breeders O
and O
feedmillers O
will O
abide O
by O
the O
laws O
and O
respect O
the O
cabinet O
decision O
in O
the O
interest O
of O
consumer O
safety O
, O
" O
Health O
Minister O
Chua B-PER
Jui I-PER
Meng O
was O
quoted O
as O
saying O
by O
the O
national O
Bernama B-ORG
news O
agency O
. O

Chua B-PER
said O
offenders O
could O
face O
a O
two-year O
prison O
sentence O
and O
a O
maximum O
fine O
of O
5,000 O
ringgit O
( O
$ O
2000 O
) O
. O

" O
The O
ban O
takes O
effect O
immediately O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

INDONESIAN B-MISC
STOCKS O
- O
factors O
to O
watch O
- O
August O
22 O
. O

JAKARTA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Following O
are O
some O
of O
the O
main O
factors O
likely O
to O
affect O
Indonesian B-MISC
stocks O
on O
Thursday O
: O

** O
Security O
was O
tight O
in O
Jakarta B-LOC
ahead O
of O
a O
trial O
involving O
ousted O
Indonesian B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
leader O
Megawati B-PER
Sukarnoputri I-PER
. O

Around O
200 O
police O
and O
troops O
were O
stationed O
outside O
the O
court O
in O
central O
Jakarta B-LOC
but O
there O
was O
no O
sign O
of O
demonstrators O
. O

** O
The O
Dow B-MISC
Jones I-MISC
industrial O
average O
closed O
down O
31.44 O
points O
at O
5,689.82 O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
ending O
a O
three-session O
winning O
streak O
as O
investors O
took O
profits O
and O
tobacco O
stocks O
took O
a O
beating O
. O

MARKETS O
: O

** O
The O
Jakarta B-LOC
composite O
index O
rose O
2.60 O
points O
, O
or O
0.48 O
percent O
, O
to O
542.20 O
points O
on O
Wednesday O
on O
the O
back O
of O
bargain-hunting O
in O
selected O
big-capitalised O
stocks O
and O
secondliners O
. O

** O
On O
Thursday O
, O
the O
Indonesian B-MISC
rupiah O
was O
at O
2,343.00 O
/ O
43.50 O
in O
early O
trading O
against O
an O
opening O
of O
2,342.75 O
/ O
43.50 O
. O

STOCKS O
TO O
WATCH O

** O
Packaging O
manufacturer O
Super B-ORG
Indah I-ORG
Makmur I-ORG
on O
announcement O
of O
a O
tender O
offer O
by O
PT B-ORG
VDH I-ORG
Teguh I-ORG
Sakti I-ORG
, O
a O
wholly-owned O
subsidiary O
of O
Singapore-listed B-MISC
Van B-ORG
Der I-ORG
Horst I-ORG
. O

** O
Privately-owned O
Bank B-ORG
Duta I-ORG
on O
market O
talk O
that O
it O
is O
obtaining O
fresh O
syndicated O
loans O
, O
a O
management O
reshuffle O
and O
fresh O
equity O
injection O
. O

** O
Ciputra B-ORG
Development I-ORG
on O
reports O
of O
a O
plan O
to O
build O
property O
projects O
worth O
$ O
2 O
billion O
in O
Jakarta B-LOC
and O
Surabaya B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Key O
stock O
and O
currency O
market O
movements O
at O
1600 O
GMT B-MISC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

The O
following O
table O
shows O
the O
latest O
close O
of O
key O
indices* O
on O
major O
world O
stock O
exchanges O
, O
the O
day O
's O
change O
in O
points O
and O
the O
indices O
' O
1996 O
closing O
highs O
and O
lows O
( O
with O
dates O
) O
. O

Also O
shown O
are O
the O
London B-LOC
closing O
values O
of O
the O
German B-MISC
mark O
, O
the O
Japanese B-MISC
yen O
, O
the O
British B-MISC
pound O
and O
gold O
bullion O
( O
previous O
day O
's O
closes O
in O
brackets O
) O
: O

AUG O
23 O
DAY O
'S O
CHANGE O
1996 O
HIGH O
1996 O
LOW O

CLOSE O
IN O
POINTS O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
5,710.53 O
- O
22.94 O
5,778.00 O
5,032.94 O

( O
midday O
) O
( O
May O
22 O
) O
( O
Jan O
10 O
) O

LONDON B-LOC
3,907.5 O
+16.4 O
3,907.5 O
3,632.3 O

( O
Aug O
23 O
) O
( O
Jul O
16 O
) O

TOKYO B-LOC
21,228.80 O
- O
134.44 O
22,666.80 O
19,734.70 O

( O
Jun O
26 O
) O
( O
Mar O
13 O
) O

FRANKFURT B-LOC
2,555.16 O
- O
2.10 O
2,583.49 O
) O
2,284.86 O

( O
Jul O
5 O
) O
( O
Jan O
2 O
) O

PARIS B-LOC
2,020.82 O
+3.06 O
2,146.79 O
1,897.85 O

( O
Apr O
30 O
) O
( O
Jan O
11 O
) O

SYDNEY B-LOC
2,292.9 O
+18.3 O
2,326.00 O
2,096.10 O

( O
Apr O
26 O
) O
( O
Jul O
17 O
) O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
11,424.64 O
- O
54.13 O
11,594.99 O
10,204.87 O

( O
Feb O
16 O
) O
( O
Jan O
2 O
) O

- O
- O
- O
- O

FOREIGN O
EXCHANGE O
/ O
GOLD O
BULLION O
CLOSE O
IN O
LONDON B-LOC

Dollar O
/ O
mark O
... O

1.4871 O
( O
1.4935 O
) O

Dollar O
/ O
yen O
.... O

108.50 O
( O
108.43 O
) O

Pound O
/ O
dollar O
.. O

$ O
1.5520 O
( O
$ O
1.5497 O
) O

Gold O
( O
ounce O
) O
.. O

$ O
387.50 O
( O
$ O
386.95 O
) O

- O
- O
- O
- O

*INDICES O
USED O
AND O
THEIR O
ALL-TIME O
CLOSING O
HIGHS O

New B-LOC
York I-LOC
Dow B-MISC
Jones I-MISC
industrial O
average O
-- O
5,778.00 O
( O
May O
22/96 O
) O

London B-LOC
FTSE-100 B-MISC
index O
-- O
3,907.5 O
( O
Aug O
23/96 O
) O

Tokyo B-LOC
Nikkei B-MISC
average O
-- O
38,915.87 O
( O
Dec O
29/89 O
) O

Frankfurt B-LOC
DAX-3O B-MISC
index O
-- O
2,583.49 O
( O
Jul O
5/96 O
) O

Paris B-LOC
CAC-40 B-MISC
General I-MISC
index O
-- O
2,355.93 O
( O
Feb O
2/94 O
) O

Sydney B-LOC
Australian B-MISC
All-Ordinaries I-MISC
index O
-- O
2,340.6 O
( O
Feb O
3/94 O
) O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
Hang B-MISC
Seng I-MISC
index O
-- O
12,201.09 O
( O
Jan O
4/94 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Ukraine B-LOC
hails O
peace O
as O
marks O
five-year O
independence O
. O

Rostislav B-PER
Khotin I-PER

KIEV B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Ukraine B-LOC
celebrates O
five O
years O
of O
independence O
from O
Kremlin B-LOC
rule O
on O
Saturday O
, O
hailing O
civil O
and O
inter-ethnic O
peace O
as O
its O
main O
post-Soviet B-MISC
achievement O
. O

Ukraine B-LOC
's O
declaration O
of O
independence O
in O
1991 O
, O
backed O
nine-to-one O
by O
a O
referendum O
in O
December O
of O
that O
year O
, O
effectively O
dealt O
a O
death O
blow O
to O
the O
Soviet B-MISC
empire O
and O
ended O
more O
than O
three O
centuries O
of O
rule O
from O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

Ukraine B-LOC
, O
with O
a O
Russian B-MISC
community O
of O
11 O
million O
people O
-- O
the O
world O
's O
largest O
outside O
Russia B-LOC
-- O
has O
avoided O
conflicts O
like O
those O
in O
Russia B-LOC
's O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
neighbouring O
Moldova B-LOC
, O
and O
the O
former O
Soviet B-MISC
republics O
of O
Georgia B-LOC
, O
Azerbaijan B-LOC
and O
Tajikistan B-LOC
. O

" O
Ukraine B-LOC
's O
biggest O
achievements O
for O
five O
years O
are O
the O
preservation O
of O
civil O
peace O
and O
inter-ethnic O
harmony O
, O
" O
President O
Leonid B-PER
Kuchma I-PER
said O
in O
televised O
statement O
this O
week O
. O

" O
Unlike O
many O
other O
post-Soviet B-MISC
countries O
we O
were O
able O
to O
deal O
with O
conflict O
situations O
in O
a O
peaceful O
and O
civilised O
way O
. O
" O

But O
independence O
was O
initially O
accompanied O
by O
hyper-inflation O
and O
economic O
collapse O
, O
although O
there O
are O
signs O
of O
a O
turnaround O
. O

Inflation O
-- O
a O
hyper-inflationary O
10,300 O
percent O
a O
year O
in O
1993 O
-- O
was O
a O
respectable O
0.1 O
percent O
a O
month O
in O
June O
and O
July O
and O
the O
economy O
has O
just O
begun O
to O
grow O
. O

Kuchma B-PER
told O
a O
solemn O
ceremony O
at O
the O
Ukraina B-LOC
Palace I-LOC
on O
Friday O
that O
" O
there O
was O
a O
turning O
point O
" O
in O
reforms O
and O
that O
he O
expected O
a O
rise O
in O
the O
standard O
of O
living O
in O
the O
near O
future O
. O

" O
There O
is O
no O
doubt O
that O
economic O
growth O
has O
already O
started O
, O
" O
said O
Adelbert B-PER
Knobl I-PER
, O
head O
of O
the O
International B-ORG
Monetary I-ORG
Fund I-ORG
's O
mission O
in O
Ukraine B-LOC
. O
" O

The O
national O
bank O
and O
the O
government O
have O
every O
reason O
to O
be O
proud O
of O
their O
efforts O
. O
" O

Central O
bank O
officials O
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
a O
much-postponed O
hryvna O
currency O
would O
" O
definitely O
" O
be O
introduced O
before O
the O
end O
of O
this O
year O
. O

It O
will O
replace O
the O
interim O
karbovanets O
currency O
, O
which O
was O
introduced O
at O
par O
to O
the O
Russian B-MISC
rouble O
in O
1992 O
but O
now O
trades O
at O
almost O
33 O
karbovanets O
per O
rouble O
. O

Ukraine B-LOC
has O
repeatedly O
promised O
to O
introduce O
the O
hryvna O
but O
had O
to O
postpone O
the O
plans O
because O
of O
economic O
problems O
. O

Proud O
of O
its O
record O
in O
promptly O
joining O
both O
the O
Council B-ORG
of I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
and O
NATO B-ORG
's O
Partnership B-MISC
for I-MISC
Peace I-MISC
, O
Ukraine B-LOC
caused O
a O
foreign O
policy O
wrangle O
this O
week O
, O
offending O
China B-LOC
by O
allowing O
a O
Taiwanese B-MISC
minister O
to O
appear O
on O
a O
public O
, O
if O
unofficial O
visit O
. O

China B-LOC
cancelled O
a O
visit O
by O
a O
top-level O
delegation O
in O
protest O
. O

Kiev B-LOC
's O
Foreign O
Minister O
Hennady B-PER
Udovenko I-PER
said O
Beijing B-LOC
was O
overreacting O
. O

But O
Ukraine B-LOC
, O
seeing O
itself O
as O
a O
bridge O
between O
Russia B-LOC
and O
the O
rapidly O
Westernising B-MISC
countries O
of O
eastern O
Europe B-LOC
, O
is O
looking O
West O
as O
well O
as O
East O
. O

" O
The O
strategic O
aim O
of O
European B-MISC
integration O
should O
not O
in O
any O
way O
damage O
Ukraine B-LOC
's O
interests O
in O
post-Soviet B-MISC
areas O
. O

Relations O
with O
Russia B-LOC
, O
which O
is O
our O
main O
partner O
, O
have O
great O
importance O
, O
" O
Kuchma B-PER
said O
. O

" O
But O
Ukraine B-LOC
cannot O
be O
economically O
oriented O
on O
Russia B-LOC
, O
even O
though O
those O
in O
some O
circles O
push O
us O
to O
do O
that O
. O
" O

Kuchma B-PER
has O
said O
Kiev B-LOC
wants O
membership O
of O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
, O
associate O
membership O
of O
the O
Western B-ORG
European I-ORG
Union I-ORG
defence O
grouping O
and O
to O
move O
closer O
to O
NATO B-ORG
. O

A O
message O
from O
the O
West O
this O
week O
from O
U.S. B-LOC
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
congratulated O
Ukraine B-LOC
on O
the O
anniversary O
, O
promising O
to O
support O
market O
reforms O
and O
praising O
Ukraine B-LOC
as O
a O
" O
stabilising O
factor O
" O
in O
a O
united O
Europe B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Oldest O
Albania B-LOC
book O
disappears O
from O
Vatican B-LOC
- O
paper O
. O

TIRANA B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

A O
16th-century O
document O
, O
the O
earliest O
complete O
example O
of O
written O
Albanian B-MISC
, O
has O
disappeared O
from O
the O
Vatican B-LOC
archives O
, O
an O
Albanian B-MISC
newspaper O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Gazeta B-ORG
Shqiptare I-ORG
said O
the O
" O
Book B-MISC
of I-MISC
Mass I-MISC
' O
, O
by O
Gjon B-PER
Buzuku I-PER
, O
dating O
from O
1555 O
and O
discovered O
in O
1740 O
in O
a O
religious O
seminary O
in O
Rome B-LOC
, O
was O
the O
first O
major O
document O
published O
in O
the O
Albanian B-MISC
language O
. O

" O
We O
Albanians B-MISC
, O
sons O
of O
Buzuku B-MISC
, O
believed O
our O
language O
had O
a O
written O
document O
but O
now O
we O
do O
not O
have O
it O
any O
more O
, O
" O
lamented O
scholar O
Musa B-PER
Hamiti I-PER
, O
told O
of O
the O
loss O
by O
the O
Vatican B-LOC
library O
. O

Tirana B-LOC
's O
national O
library O
has O
three O
copies O
of O
the O
" O
Book B-MISC
of I-MISC
Mass I-MISC
' O
. O
" O

There O
is O
nothing O
left O
for O
us O
but O
to O
be O
grateful O
to O
civilisation O
for O
inventing O
photocopies O
, O
" O
Gazeta B-ORG
Shqiptare I-ORG
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Russia B-LOC
to O
clamp O
down O
on O
barter O
deals O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Russian B-MISC
officials O
, O
keen O
to O
cut O
capital O
flight O
, O
will O
adopt O
tight O
measures O
to O
cut O
barter O
deals O
in O
foreign O
trade O
to O
a O
minimum O
, O
a O
customs O
official O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
We O
have O
always O
been O
concerned O
about O
barter O
deals O
with O
other O
countries O
, O
viewing O
them O
as O
a O
disguised O
kind O
of O
capital O
flight O
from O
Russia B-LOC
, O
" O
Marina B-PER
Volkova I-PER
, O
deputy O
head O
of O
the O
currency O
department O
at O
the O
State B-ORG
Customs I-ORG
Committee I-ORG
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Volkova B-PER
said O
last O
year O
goods O
had O
been O
exported O
under O
many O
Russian B-MISC
barter O
deals O
, O
with O
nothing O
imported O
in O
return O
. O

She O
said O
the O
cost O
of O
such O
unimported O
goods O
was O
$ O
1.10 O
billion O
in O
1995 O
. O

Barter O
deals O
were O
worth O
$ O
4.9 O
billion O
last O
year O
, O
or O
about O
eight O
percent O
of O
all O
Russian B-MISC
exports O
estimated O
at O
$ O
61.5 O
billion O
, O
she O
said O
. O

" O
The O
cost O
of O
exported O
goods O
is O
too O
often O
understated O
, O
so O
the O
actual O
share O
of O
barter O
deals O
in O
Russian B-MISC
exports O
and O
the O
amount O
of O
unimported O
goods O
may O
be O
even O
higher O
, O
" O
Volkova B-PER
said O
. O

A O
few O
days O
ago O
Russian B-MISC
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
issued O
a O
decree O
on O
state O
regulation O
of O
foreign O
barter O
deals O
, O
and O
Volkova B-PER
said O
this O
" O
could O
substantially O
improve O
the O
situation O
" O
. O

In O
line O
with O
the O
decree O
, O
which O
will O
come O
into O
force O
on O
November O
1 O
, O
all O
Russian B-MISC
barter O
traders O
will O
be O
obliged O
to O
import O
goods O
worth O
the O
cost O
of O
their O
exports O
within O
180 O
days O
. O

" O
If O
traders O
are O
late O
, O
they O
will O
have O
to O
pay O
fines O
worth O
the O
cost O
of O
their O
exported O
goods O
, O
" O
Volkova B-PER
said O
. O

Understating O
the O
cost O
of O
exported O
goods O
could O
still O
be O
a O
loophole O
for O
barter O
dealers O
, O
but O
Volkova B-PER
said O
the O
authorities O
are O
currently O
" O
tackling O
the O
technicalities O
of O
the O
issue O
" O
. O

Barter O
has O
always O
been O
a O
feature O
of O
the O
Soviet B-LOC
Union I-LOC
's O
foreign O
trade O
, O
but O
Yeltsin B-PER
's O
decrees O
liberalising O
foreign O
trade O
in O
1991-1992 O
has O
given O
barter O
a O
new O
impetus O
. O

A O
few O
years O
ago O
, O
barter O
deals O
accounted O
for O
up O
to O
25-30 O
percent O
of O
Russian B-MISC
exports O
because O
" O
thousands O
( O
of O
) O
trade O
companies O
which O
popped O
up O
preferred O
barter O
in O
the O
absence O
of O
reliable O
Russian B-MISC
banks O
and O
money O
transfer O
systems O
" O
, O
Volkova B-PER
said O
. O

" O
Now O
many O
Russian B-MISC
banks O
are O
strong O
and O
can O
make O
various O
sorts O
of O
money O
tranfers O
, O
while O
incompetent O
traders O
are O
being O
ousted O
by O
more O
experienced O
ones O
. O

But O
the O
current O
share O
of O
barter O
deals O
in O
Russian B-MISC
exports O
is O
still O
high O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

-- O
Dmitry B-PER
Solovyov I-PER
, O
Moscow B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+7095 O
941 O
8520 O

-DOCSTART- O

Viacom B-ORG
plans O
" O
Mission B-MISC
" O
sequel O
- O
report O
. O

LOS B-LOC
ANGELES I-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Paramount B-ORG
Pictures I-ORG
is O
going O
ahead O
with O
a O
sequel O
to O
the O
Tom B-PER
Cruise I-PER
blockbuster O
, O
" O
Mission B-MISC
: I-MISC
Impossible I-MISC
" O
and O
hopes O
to O
release O
it O
in O
the O
summer O
of O
1998 O
, O
Daily B-ORG
Variety I-ORG
reported O
in O
its O
Friday O
edition O
. O

The O
big-screen O
version O
of O
the O
spy O
TV O
series O
has O
grossed O
$ O
175 O
million O
domestically O
since O
opening O
May O
22 O
, O
and O
$ O
338 O
million O
overseas O
so O
far O
. O

It O
's O
the O
biggest O
success O
for O
Viacom B-MISC
Inc-owned I-MISC
Paramount B-ORG
since O
1994 O
's O
" O
Forrest B-MISC
Gump I-MISC
" O
. O

However O
, O
many O
critics O
complained O
its O
plot O
was O
incomprehensible O
. O

Cruise B-PER
will O
reprise O
his O
roles O
as O
star O
and O
co-producer O
, O
and O
will O
soon O
meet O
Academy B-MISC
Award-winning I-MISC
screenwriter O
William B-PER
Goldman I-PER
, O
who O
will O
write O
the O
script O
, O
the O
report O
said O
. O

It O
said O
" O
Mission B-MISC
: I-MISC
Impossible I-MISC
" O
director O
Brian B-PER
De I-PER
Palma I-PER
would O
have O
first O
crack O
at O
the O
sequel O
, O
though O
no O
deals O
have O
been O
made O
yet O
. O

Goldman B-PER
, O
whose O
Oscars B-MISC
were O
for O
" O
Butch B-MISC
Cassidy I-MISC
and I-MISC
the I-MISC
Sundance I-MISC
Kid I-MISC
" O
and O
" O
All B-MISC
the I-MISC
President I-MISC
's I-MISC
Men I-MISC
" O
, O
earlier O
this O
summer O
criticised O
some O
of O
the O
season O
's O
blockbusters O
. O

However O
, O
he O
singled O
out O
" O
Mission B-MISC
: I-MISC
Impossible I-MISC
" O
as O
an O
especially O
entertaining O
movie O
, O
Daily B-ORG
Variety I-ORG
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
CRAWLEY B-PER
FORCED O
TO O
SIT O
AND O
WAIT O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

England B-LOC
batsman O
John B-PER
Crawley I-PER
was O
forced O
to O
endure O
a O
frustrating O
delay O
of O
over O
three O
hours O
before O
resuming O
his O
quest O
for O
a O
maiden O
test O
century O
in O
the O
third O
test O
against O
Pakistan B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

Heavy O
overnight O
rain O
and O
morning O
drizzle O
ruled O
out O
any O
play O
before O
lunch O
on O
the O
second O
day O
but O
an O
improvement O
in O
the O
weather O
prompted O
the O
umpires O
to O
announce O
a O
1415 O
local O
time O
( O
1315 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
start O
in O
the O
event O
of O
no O
further O
rain O
. O

Crawley B-PER
, O
unbeaten O
on O
94 O
overnight O
in O
an O
England B-LOC
total O
of O
278 O
for O
six O
, O
was O
spotted O
strumming O
a O
guitar O
in O
the O
dressing-room O
as O
the O
Oval B-LOC
ground O
staff O
took O
centre O
stage O
. O

There O
were O
several O
damp O
patches O
on O
the O
square O
and O
the O
outfield O
and O
it O
was O
still O
raining O
when O
the O
players O
took O
an O
early O
lunch O
at O
1230 O
local O
time O
( O
1130 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
. O

When O
brighter O
weather O
finally O
arrived O
, O
the O
umpires O
announced O
a O
revised O
figure O
of O
67 O
overs O
to O
be O
bowled O
with O
play O
extended O
to O
at O
least O
1900 O
local O
time O
( O
1800 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTOR O
RACING O
- O
BELGIAN B-MISC
GRAND B-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
PRACTICE O
TIMES O
. O

SPA-FRANCORCHAMPS B-LOC
, O
Belgium B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Leading O
times O

after O
Friday O
's O
opening O
practice O
sessions O
for O
Sunday O
's O

Belgian B-MISC
Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
motor O
race O
: O

1. O
Gerhard B-PER
Berger I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
Benetton B-ORG
1 O
minute O
53.706 O
seconds O

2. O
David B-PER
Coulthard I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
McLaren B-ORG
1:54.342 O

3. O
Jacques B-PER
Villeneuve I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
Williams B-ORG
1:54.443 O

4. O
Mika B-PER
Hakkinen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
McLaren B-ORG
1:54.754 O

5. O
Heinz-Harald B-PER
Frentzen I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:54.984 O

6. O
Jean B-PER
Alesi I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Benetton B-ORG
1:55.101 O

7. O
Damon B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Williams B-ORG
1:55.281 O

8. O
Michael B-PER
Schumacher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:55.333 O

9. O
Martin B-PER
Brundle I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Jordan B-ORG
1:55.385 O

10. O
Rubens B-PER
Barrichello I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
Jordan B-ORG
1:55.645 O

11. O
Johnny B-PER
Herbert I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Sauber B-ORG
1:56.318 O

12. O
Olivier B-PER
Panis I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Ligier B-ORG
1:56.417 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
TOSHIBA B-MISC
CLASSIC I-MISC
. O

[ O
CORRECTED O
05:30 O
GMT B-MISC
] O

CARLSBAD B-LOC
, O
California B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Results O
from O
the O

$ O
450,000 O
Toshiba B-MISC
Classic I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Thursday O
( O
prefix O

number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Quarter-finals O

2 O
- O
Conchita B-PER
Martinez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nathalie B-PER
Tauziat I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O

6-3 O
6-4 O

Second O
round O

5 O
- O
Gabriela B-PER
Sabatini I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Asa B-PER
Carlsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

6-1 O
7-5 O

Katarina B-PER
Studenikova I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
beat O
6 O
- O
Karina B-PER
Habsudova I-PER

( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6-2 O

( O
Corrects O
that O
Habsudova B-PER
is O
sixth O
seed O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
on O
Friday O
: O

Portsmouth B-ORG
1 O
Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
2 O

Tranmere B-ORG
3 O
Grimsby B-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
THIRD O
DIVISION O
RESULT O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Result O
of O
a O
Scottish B-MISC
third O

division O
soccer O
match O
on O
Friday O
: O

East B-ORG
Stirling I-ORG
0 O
Albion B-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
SCORES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Close O
of O
play O
scores O
in O
four-day O

English B-MISC
County I-MISC
Championship I-MISC
cricket O
matches O
on O
Friday O
: O

Third O
day O

At O
Weston-super-Mare B-LOC
: O
Durham B-ORG
326 O
( O
D. B-PER
Cox I-PER
95 O
not O
out O
, O

S. B-PER
Campbell I-PER
69 O
; O
G. B-PER
Rose I-PER
7-73 O
) O
. O

Somerset B-ORG
298-6 O
( O
M. B-PER
Lathwell I-PER
85 O
, O

R. B-PER
Harden I-PER
65 O
) O
. O

Second O
day O

At O
Colchester B-LOC
: O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
280 O
( O
J. B-PER
Russell I-PER
63 O
, O
A. B-PER
Symonds I-PER

52 O
; O
A. B-PER
Cowan I-PER
5-68 O
) O
. O

Essex B-ORG
194-0 O
( O
G. B-PER
Gooch I-PER
105 O
not O
out O
, O
D. B-PER
Robinson I-PER

72 O
not O
out O
) O
. O

At O
Cardiff B-LOC
: O
Kent B-ORG
255-3 O
( O
D. B-PER
Fulton I-PER
64 O
, O
M. B-PER
Walker I-PER
59 O
, O
C. B-PER
Hooper I-PER

52 O
not O
out O
) O
v O
Glamorgan B-ORG
. O

At O
Leicester B-LOC
: O
Leicestershire B-ORG
343-8 O
( O
P. B-PER
Simmons I-PER
108 O
, O
P. B-PER
Nixon I-PER

67 O
not O
out O
) O
v O
Hampshire B-ORG
. O

At O
Northampton B-LOC
: O
Sussex B-ORG
389 O
( O
N. B-PER
Lenham I-PER
145 O
, O
V. B-PER
Drakes I-PER
59 O
, O

A. B-PER
Wells I-PER
51 O
; O
A. B-PER
Penberthy I-PER
4-36 O
) O
. O

Northamptonshire B-ORG
160-4 O
( O
K. B-PER
Curran I-PER

79 O
not O
out O
) O
. O

At O
Trent B-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
: O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
392-6 O
( O
G. B-PER
Archer I-PER
143 O
not O

out O
, O
M. B-PER
Dowman I-PER
107 O
) O
v O
Surrey B-ORG
. O

At O
Worcester B-LOC
: O
Warwickshire B-ORG
310 O
( O
A. B-PER
Giles I-PER
83 O
, O
T. B-PER
Munton I-PER
54 O
not O

out O
, O
W. B-PER
Khan I-PER
52 O
; O
R. B-PER
Illingworth I-PER
4-54 O
, O
S. B-PER
Lampitt I-PER
4-90 O
) O
. O

Worcestershire B-ORG
10-0 O
. O

At O
Headingley B-LOC
: O
Yorkshire B-ORG
529-8 O
declared O
( O
C. B-PER
White I-PER
181 O
, O

R. B-PER
Blakey I-PER
109 O
not O
out O
, O
M. B-PER
Moxon I-PER
66 O
, O
M. B-PER
Vaughan I-PER
57 O
) O
. O

Lancashire B-ORG

162-4 O
( O
N. B-PER
Fairbrother I-PER
53 O
not O
out O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
POLLOCK B-PER
HOPES O
FOR O
RETURN O
TO O
WARWICKSHIRE B-ORG
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

South B-MISC
African I-MISC
all-rounder O
Shaun B-PER
Pollock I-PER
, O
forced O
to O
cut O
short O
his O
first O
season O
with O
Warwickshire B-ORG
to O
have O
ankle O
surgery O
, O
has O
told O
the O
English B-MISC
county O
he O
would O
like O
to O
return O
later O
in O
his O
career O
. O

Pollock B-PER
, O
who O
returns O
home O
a O
month O
early O
next O
week O
, O
said O
: O
" O
I O
would O
like O
to O
come O
back O
and O
play O
county O
cricket O
in O
the O
future O
and O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
I O
would O
like O
to O
swap O
counties O
. O
" O

Explaining O
his O
premature O
departure O
was O
unavoidable O
, O
Pollock B-PER
said O
: O
" O
I O
have O
been O
carrying O
the O
injury O
for O
a O
while O
and O
I O
hope O
that O
by O
having O
the O
surgery O
now O
I O
will O
be O
able O
to O
last O
out O
the O
new O
season O
back O
home O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
FINAL O
TEST O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Scoreboard O
on O
the O
second O
day O
of O

the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
between O
England B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
The B-LOC

Oval B-LOC
on O
Friday O
: O

England B-LOC
first O
innings O

M. B-PER
Atherton I-PER
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
31 O

A. B-PER
Stewart I-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
44 O

N. B-PER
Hussain I-PER
c O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
12 O

G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
lbw O
b O
Mohammad B-PER
Akram I-PER
54 O

J. B-PER
Crawley I-PER
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
106 O

N. B-PER
Knight I-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
17 O

C. B-PER
Lewis I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
5 O

I. B-PER
Salisbury I-PER
c O
Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
5 O

D. B-PER
Cork I-PER
c O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
0 O

R. B-PER
Croft I-PER
not O
out O
5 O

A. B-PER
Mullally I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
24 O

Extras O
( O
lb-12 O
w-1 O
nb-10 O
) O
23 O

Total O
326 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-64 O
2-85 O
3-116 O
4-205 O
5-248 O
6-273 O
7-283 O

8-284 O
9-295 O

Bowling O
: O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
29.2-9-83-3 O
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
25-6-95-4 O
, O

Mohammad B-PER
Akram I-PER
12-1-41-1 O
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
27-5-78-2 O
, O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER

6-1-17-0 O

Pakistan B-LOC
first O
innings O

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
not O
out O
116 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
c O
Cork B-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
46 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
not O
out O
58 O

Extras O
( O
lb-1 O
nb-8 O
) O
9 O

Total O
( O
for O
one O
wicket O
) O
229 O

Fall O
of O
wicket O
- O
1-106 O

To O
bat O
: O
Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
, O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
, O
Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
, O
Wasim B-PER

Akram B-PER
, O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
, O
Mohammad B-PER
Akam I-PER

Bowling O
( O
to O
date O
) O
: O
Lewis B-PER
9-1-49-0 O
, O
Mullally B-PER
9-3-28-0 O
, O
Croft B-PER

17-3-42-1 O
, O
Cork B-PER
7-1-38-0 O
, O
Salisbury B-PER
14-0-71-0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
326 O
ALL O
OUT O
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
IN O
THIRD O
TEST O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

England B-LOC
were O
all O
out O
for O
326 O
in O
their O
first O
innings O
on O
the O
second O
day O
of O
the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
against O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

Score O
: O
England B-LOC
326 O
( O
J. B-PER
Crawley I-PER
106 O
, O
G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
54 O
. O

Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
4-95 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SPONSORS O
CASH O
IN O
ON O
RAVANELLI B-PER
'S O
SHIRT O
DANCE O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Middlesbrough B-ORG
's O
Italian B-MISC
striker O
Fabrizio B-PER
Ravanelli I-PER
is O
to O
wear O
his O
team O
sponsor O
's O
name O
on O
the O
inside O
of O
his O
shirt O
so O
it O
can O
be O
seen O
when O
he O
scores O
. O

Every O
time O
he O
finds O
the O
net O
, O
the O
grey-haired O
forward O
pulls O
his O
shirtfront O
over O
his O
head O
as O
he O
runs O
to O
salute O
the O
fans O
, O
and O
Middlesbrough B-ORG
's O
sponsors O
want O
to O
cash O
in O
on O
the O
spectacle O
. O

" O
Having O
seen O
Ravanelli B-PER
celebrate O
his O
goals O
... O

we O
thought O
it O
would O
be O
fun O
to O
have O
( O
the O
name O
) O
on O
the O
inside O
of O
his O
shirt O
, O
" O
a O
spokesman O
for O
the O
sponsors O
said O
. O

" O
It O
will O
give O
the O
fans O
something O
else O
to O
look O
at O
besides O
his O
chest O
. O
" O

Ravanelli B-PER
aggravated O
a O
foot O
injury O
in O
the O
1-0 O
defeat O
at O
Chelsea B-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
and O
was O
given O
only O
an O
even O
chance O
of O
playing O
at O
Nottingham B-LOC
Forest I-LOC
on O
Saturday O
by O
his O
manager O
Bryan B-PER
Robson I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
AUSTRALIANS B-MISC
ADVANCE O
AT O
CANADIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

It O
was O
Australia B-MISC
Day I-MISC
at O
the O
$ O
2 O
million O
Canadian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Thursday O
as O
three O
Aussies B-MISC
reached O
the O
quarter-finals O
with O
straight-set O
victories O
. O

Unseeded O
Patrick B-PER
Rafter I-PER
recorded O
the O
most O
noteworthy O
result O
as O
he O
upset O
sixth-seeded O
American B-MISC
MaliVai B-PER
Washington I-PER
6-2 O
6-1 O
in O
just O
50 O
minutes O
. O

Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER
, O
who O
defeated O
Canadian B-MISC
Daniel B-PER
Nestor I-PER
7-6 O
( O
7-2 O
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
, O
and O
Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
, O
a O
6-3 O
6-4 O
winner O
over O
Bohdan B-PER
Ulihrach I-PER
of O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
, O
also O
advanced O
and O
will O
meet O
in O
Friday O
's O
quarter-finals O
. O

Third-seeded O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
of O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
defeated O
Tim B-PER
Henman I-PER
of O
Britain B-LOC
6-4 O
6-4 O
after O
a O
three-hour O
evening O
rain O
delay O
and O
fifth-seeded O
Thomas B-PER
Enqvist I-PER
of O
Sweden B-LOC
won O
his O
third-round O
match O
, O
eliminating O
Petr B-PER
Korda I-PER
of O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
6-3 O
6-4 O
. O

Ferreira B-PER
and O
Enqvist B-PER
play O
in O
a O
Friday O
night O
quarter-final O
. O

Two O
Americans B-MISC
, O
seventh O
seed O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
and O
unseeded O
Alex B-PER
O'Brien I-PER
, O
will O
meet O
on O
Friday O
after O
winning O
matches O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Martin B-PER
overcame O
Cedric B-PER
Pioline I-PER
of O
France B-LOC
2-6 O
6-2 O
6-4 O
and O
O'Brien B-PER
beat O
Mikael B-PER
Tillstrom I-PER
of O
Sweden B-LOC
6-3 O
2-6 O
6-3 O
. O

" O
If O
you O
really O
look O
at O
the O
match O
, O
" O
said O
the O
12th-ranked O
Washington B-PER
after O
losing O
to O
the O
70th-ranked O
Rafter B-PER
, O
" O
I O
never O
really O
got O
a O
chance O
to O
play O
because O
he O
was O
serving O
big O
and O
getting O
in O
close O
to O
the O
net O
. O

" O
He O
was O
also O
able O
to O
handle O
my O
serve O
pretty O
easily O
because O
my O
( O
first O
) O
service O
percentage O
was O
only O
in O
the O
40s O
. O

Put O
those O
two O
things O
together O
and O
you O
get O
a O
loss O
. O
" O

Rafter B-PER
missed O
10 O
weeks O
after O
wrist O
surgery O
earlier O
this O
year O
and O
the O
time O
away O
from O
tennis O
has O
given O
him O
a O
new O
perspective O
. O

" O
Before O
when O
I O
was O
on O
tour O
, O
I O
always O
felt O
I O
had O
to O
be O
in O
bed O
by O
9:30 O
or O
10 O
o'clock O
and O
I O
had O
to O
be O
up O
at O
a O
certain O
time O
, O
" O
Rafter B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Now O
I O
can O
go O
to O
bed O
at O
at O
midnight O
or O
wake O
up O
at O
seven O
in O
the O
morning O
. O

I O
just O
do O
n't O
have O
as O
many O
set O
routines O
and O
it O
's O
made O
me O
a O
happier O
person O
. O
" O

Martin B-PER
was O
pleased O
with O
his O
victory O
over O
Pioline B-PER
, O
his O
first O
in O
five O
meetings O
with O
the O
11th-ranked O
Frenchman B-MISC
. O
" O

It O
's O
always O
difficult O
to O
win O
a O
match O
when O
you O
lose O
the O
first O
set O
, O
especially O
against O
someone O
you O
have O
never O
beaten O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
I O
got O
more O
aggressive O
in O
the O
second O
and O
third O
sets O
and O
the O
wind O
picked O
up O
and O
that O
also O
affected O
things O
because O
Cedric B-PER
definitely O
went O
off O
a O
little O
bit O
. O
" O

The O
26-year-old O
O'Brien B-PER
, O
who O
won O
the O
ATP B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
stop O
in O
New B-LOC
Haven I-LOC
last O
week O
, O
has O
now O
won O
18 O
of O
his O
last O
20 O
matches O
, O
dating O
back O
to O
qualifying O
rounds O
in O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
in O
late O
July O
. O

He O
ranks O
76th O
after O
being O
285th O
four O
weeks O
ago O
. O

" O
I O
feel O
I O
'm O
hitting O
the O
ball O
well O
even O
though O
I O
'm O
having O
more O
mental O
letdowns O
than O
I O
did O
last O
week O
, O
" O
O'Brien B-PER
said O
. O
" O

But O
I O
'm O
still O
competing O
well O
. O
" O

" O
I O
got O
a O
lot O
of O
first O
serves O
in O
, O
" O
said O
Enqvist B-PER
about O
his O
victory O
over O
Korda B-PER
. O
" O

I O
did O
n't O
miss O
that O
many O
shots O
and O
he O
was O
making O
the O
mistakes O
. O
" O

Still O
marvelling O
at O
an O
exciting O
64-stroke O
rally O
he O
won O
in O
the O
last O
game O
of O
his O
second-round O
match O
against O
Javier B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
of O
Spain B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
, O
Enqvist B-PER
joked O
, O
" O
Today O
against O
Petr B-PER
there O
were O
about O
64 O
strokes O
in O
the O
whole O
match O
. O

It O
was O
mostly O
short O
points O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
CANADIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Results O
from O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
Open I-MISC

tennis O
tournament O
on O
Thursday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Third O
round O

3 O
- O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
Tim B-PER
Henman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
6-4 O

6-4 O

4 O
- O
Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
( O
Chile B-LOC
) O
beat O
Daniel B-PER
Vacek I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
6-4 O

6-3 O

5 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Enqvist I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Petr B-PER
Korda I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O

6-3 O
6-4 O

Patrick B-PER
Rafter I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
6 O
- O
MaliVai B-PER
Washington I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

6-2 O
6-1 O

7 O
- O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
9 O
- O
Cedric B-PER
Pioline I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
2-6 O
6-2 O

6-4 O

Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Bohdan B-PER
Ulihrach I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC

Republic B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-4 O

Alex B-PER
O'Brien I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mikael B-PER
Tillstrom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
2-6 O

6-3 O

Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Daniel B-PER
Nestor I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
7-6 O

( O
7-2 O
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
MULDER B-PER
OUT O
OF O
SECOND O
TEST O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Centre O
Japie B-PER
Mulder I-PER
has O
been O
ruled O
out O
of O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
team O
for O
the O
second O
test O
against O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
in O
Pretoria B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

Mulder B-PER
missed O
the O
first O
test O
in O
Durban B-LOC
with O
back O
spasms O
and O
failed O
a O
fitness O
check O
on O
Thursday O
. O

But O
new O
Springbok B-ORG
skipper O
Gary B-PER
Teichmann I-PER
has O
recovered O
from O
a O
bruised O
thigh O
and O
is O
ready O
to O
play O
, O
coach O
Andre B-PER
Markgraaff I-PER
said O
. O

Mulder B-PER
's O
absence O
means O
that O
Northern B-ORG
Transvaal I-ORG
centre O
Andre B-PER
Snyman I-PER
should O
win O
his O
second O
cap O
alongside O
provincial O
colleague O
Danie B-PER
van I-PER
Schalkwyk I-PER
. O

Wing O
Pieter B-PER
Hendriks I-PER
is O
expected O
to O
retain O
his O
place O
, O
following O
speculation O
that O
Snyman B-PER
would O
be O
picked O
out O
of O
position O
on O
the O
wing O
. O

The O
line-up O
would O
not O
be O
announced O
until O
shortly O
before O
the O
start O
, O
Markgraaff B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BADMINTON O
- O
MALAYSIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
BADMINTON O
RESULTS O
. O

KUALA B-LOC
LUMPUR I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Results O
in O
the O
Malaysian B-MISC

Open B-MISC
badminton O
tournament O
on O
Friday O
( O
prefix O
numbers O
denote O

seedings O
) O
: O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
quarter-finals O

2 O
- O
Ong B-PER
Ewe I-PER
Hock I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
beat O
5/8 O
- O
Hu B-PER
Zhilan I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
15-2 O
15-10 O

9/16 O
- O
Luo B-PER
Yigang I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jason B-PER
Wong I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
15-5 O
15-6 O

Ijaya B-PER
Indra I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
beat O
P. B-PER
Kantharoopan I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
15-6 O
5-4 O

9/16 O
- O
Chen B-PER
Gang I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
9/16 O
- O
Hermawan B-PER
Susanto I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O

15-9 O
15-7 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
INJURED O
CHANDA B-PER
RUBIN I-PER
OUT O
OF O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Promising O
10th-ranked O
American B-MISC
Chanda B-PER
Rubin I-PER
has O
pulled O
out O
of O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
Tennis I-MISC
Championships I-MISC
with O
a O
wrist O
injury O
, O
tournament O
officials O
announced O
. O

The O
20-year-old O
Rubin B-PER
, O
who O
was O
to O
be O
seeded O
11th O
, O
is O
still O
suffering O
from O
tendinitis O
of O
the O
right O
wrist O
that O
has O
kept O
her O
sidelined O
in O
recent O
months O
. O

Rubin B-PER
's O
misfortune O
turned O
into O
a O
very O
lucky O
break O
for O
eighth-seeded O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Lindsay B-PER
Davenport I-PER
. O

Davenport B-PER
had O
drawn O
one O
of O
the O
toughest O
first-round O
assignments O
of O
any O
of O
the O
seeded O
players O
in O
17th-ranked O
Karina B-PER
Habsudova I-PER
of O
Slovakia B-LOC
. O

But O
as O
the O
highest-ranked O
non-seeded O
player O
in O
the O
tournament O
, O
Habsudova B-PER
will O
be O
moved O
into O
Rubin B-PER
's O
slot O
in O
the O
draw O
, O
while O
Davenport B-PER
will O
now O
get O
a O
qualifier O
in O
the O
first O
round O
, O
according O
to O
U.S. B-MISC
Tennis I-MISC
Association I-MISC
officials O
. O

Rubin B-PER
is O
the O
third O
notable O
withdrawal O
from O
the O
women O
's O
competition O
after O
12th-ranked O
former O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
champion O
Mary B-PER
Pierce I-PER
and O
20th-ranked O
Wimbledon B-MISC
semifinalist O
Meredith B-PER
McGrath I-PER
pulled O
out O
earlier O
this O
week O
with O
injuries O
. O

Men O
's O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
champion O
Boris B-PER
Becker I-PER
will O
also O
miss O
the O
year O
's O
final O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
with O
a O
wrist O
injury O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
THURSDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
72 O
54 O
.571 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
67 O
59 O
.532 O
5 O

BOSTON B-ORG
64 O
64 O
.500 O
9 O

TORONTO B-ORG
59 O
69 O
.461 O
14 O

DETROIT B-ORG
45 O
82 O
.354 O
27 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
76 O
51 O
.598 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
69 O
60 O
.535 O
8 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
63 O
64 O
.496 O
13 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
60 O
68 O
.469 O
16 O
1/2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
58 O
71 O
.450 O
19 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
74 O
54 O
.578 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
65 O
61 O
.516 O
8 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
62 O
68 O
.477 O
13 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
59 O
68 O
.465 O
14 O
1/2 O

FRIDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
23 O
SCHEDULE O

SEATTLE B-ORG
AT O
BOSTON B-LOC

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
AT O
CLEVELAND B-LOC

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
AT O
BALTIMORE B-LOC

OAKLAND B-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

TORONTO B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

DETROIT B-ORG
AT O
KANSAS B-LOC
CITY I-LOC

TEXAS B-ORG
AT O
MINNESOTA B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
79 O
47 O
.627 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
68 O
58 O
.540 O
11 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
69 O
.461 O
21 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
58 O
69 O
.457 O
21 O
1/2 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
52 O
76 O
.406 O
28 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
68 O
60 O
.531 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
67 O
60 O
.528 O
1/2 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
63 O
62 O
.504 O
3 O
1/2 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
63 O
62 O
.504 O
3 O
1/2 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
54 O
73 O
.425 O
13 O
1/2 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
70 O
59 O
.543 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
67 O
60 O
.528 O
2 O

COLORADO B-ORG
66 O
62 O
.516 O
3 O
1/2 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
54 O
71 O
.432 O
14 O

FRIDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
23 O
SCHEDULE O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
AT O
FLORIDA B-LOC
( O
doubleheader O
) O

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
ATLANTA B-LOC

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
LOS B-LOC
ANGELES I-LOC

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
DIEGO I-LOC

MONTREAL B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
THURSDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Thursday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

BOSTON B-ORG
2 O
Oakland B-ORG
1 O

Seattle B-ORG
10 O
BALTIMORE B-ORG
3 O

California B-ORG
12 O
NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
3 O

Toronto B-ORG
1 O
CHICAGO B-ORG
0 O
( O
in O
6 O
1/2 O
) O

Detroit B-ORG
10 O
KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
3 O

Texas B-ORG
11 O
MINNESOTA B-ORG
2 O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

COLORADO B-ORG
10 O
St B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
5 O

Cincinnati B-ORG
3 O
ATLANTA B-ORG
2 O
( O
in O
13 O
) O

Pittsburgh B-ORG
8 O
HOUSTON B-ORG
6 O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
8 O
Philadelphia B-ORG
5 O

Montreal B-ORG
5 O
SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
SORRENTO B-PER
HITS O
SLAM O
AS O
SEATTLE B-ORG
ROUTS O
ORIOLES B-ORG
. O

BALTIMORE B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Former O
Oriole B-MISC
Jamie B-PER
Moyer I-PER
allowed O
two O
hits O
over O
eight O
scoreless O
innings O
before O
tiring O
in O
the O
ninth O
and O
Paul B-PER
Sorrento I-PER
added O
his O
third O
grand O
slam O
of O
the O
season O
as O
the O
Seattle B-ORG
Mariners I-ORG
routed O
Baltimore B-ORG
10-3 O
Thursday O
. O

Moyer B-PER
( O
10-2 O
) O
, O
who O
was O
tagged O
for O
a O
pair O
of O
homers O
by O
Mike B-PER
Devereaux I-PER
and O
Brady B-PER
Anderson I-PER
and O
three O
runs O
in O
the O
ninth O
, O
walked O
none O
and O
struck O
out O
two O
. O

Norm B-PER
Charlton I-PER
retired O
the O
final O
three O
batters O
to O
seal O
the O
victory O
. O

With O
one O
out O
in O
the O
fifth O
Ken B-PER
Griffey I-PER
Jr I-PER
and O
Edgar B-PER
Martinez I-PER
stroked O
back-to-back O
singles O
off O
Orioles B-ORG
starter O
Rocky B-PER
Coppinger I-PER
( O
7-5 O
) O
and O
Jay B-PER
Buhner I-PER
walked O
. O

Sorrento B-PER
followed O
by O
hitting O
a O
1-2 O
pitch O
just O
over O
the O
right-field O
wall O
for O
a O
7-0 O
advantage O
. O

Right O
fielder O
Bobby B-PER
Bonilla I-PER
was O
after O
the O
ball O
, O
which O
was O
touched O
by O
fans O
at O
the O
top O
of O
the O
scoreboard O
in O
right O
. O

" O
Things O
fell O
in O
for O
us O
, O
" O
said O
Sorrento B-PER
, O
who O
has O
six O
career O
grand O
slams O
and O
hit O
the O
ninth O
of O
the O
season O
for O
the O
Mariners B-ORG
. O

" O
We O
have O
over O
a O
month O
left O
. O

We O
've O
got O
to O
make O
up O
some O
ground O
. O
" O

In O
the O
American B-MISC
League I-MISC
wild-card O
race O
, O
the O
Mariners B-ORG
are O
three O
games O
behind O
the O
White B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
, O
two O
behind O
Baltimore B-ORG
and O
two O
ahead O
of O
the O
Red B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
heading O
into O
Boston B-LOC
for O
a O
weekend O
series O
. O

Moyer B-PER
retired O
11 O
straight O
batters O
between O
the O
third O
and O
seventh O
innings O
and O
threw O
two O
or O
fewer O
pitches O
to O
11 O
of O
the O
29 O
batters O
he O
faced O
. O

" O
I O
made O
some O
bad O
pitches O
at O
the O
end O
but O
I O
'm O
not O
going O
to O
dwell O
on O
it O
. O

We O
won O
the O
game O
, O
" O
said O
Moyer B-PER
. O

Coppinger B-PER
( O
7-5 O
) O
was O
tagged O
for O
eight O
runs O
and O
10 O
hits O
in O
4 O
1/3 O
innings O
. O

Orioles B-ORG
manager O
Davey B-PER
Johnson I-PER
missed O
the O
game O
after O
being O
admitted O
to O
a O
hospital O
with O
an O
irregular O
heartbeat O
. O

Bench O
coach O
Andy B-PER
Etchebarren I-PER
took O
his O
place O
. O

In O
Boston B-LOC
, O
Troy B-PER
O'Leary I-PER
homered O
off O
the O
right-field O
foul O
pole O
with O
one O
out O
in O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
ninth O
and O
the O
Red B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
climbed O
to O
the O
.500 O
mark O
for O
the O
first O
time O
this O
season O
with O
their O
fourth O
straight O
victory O
, O
2-1 O
over O
the O
Oakland B-ORG
Athletics I-ORG
. O

Boston B-ORG
has O
won O
15 O
of O
its O
last O
19 O
games O
. O

Boston B-ORG
's O
Roger B-PER
Clemens I-PER
( O
7-11 O
) O
was O
one O
out O
away O
from O
his O
second O
straight O
shutout O
when O
pinch-hitter O
Matt B-PER
Stairs I-PER
tripled O
over O
the O
head O
of O
centre O
fielder O
Lee B-PER
Tinsley I-PER
on O
an O
0-2 O
pitch O
and O
pinch-hitter O
Terry B-PER
Steinbach I-PER
dunked O
a O
broken-bat O
single O
into O
right O
to O
lift O
Oakland B-ORG
into O
a O
1-1 O
tie O
. O

The O
run O
broke O
Clemens B-PER
' O
28-inning O
shutout O
streak O
, O
longest O
in O
the O
majors O
this O
season O
. O

He O
pitched O
his O
fourth O
complete O
game O
, O
allowing O
eight O
hits O
with O
two O
walks O
and O
11 O
strikeouts O
. O

Reliever O
Mark B-PER
Acre I-PER
( O
0-1 O
) O
took O
the O
loss O
. O

In O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
, O
Garret B-PER
Anderson I-PER
and O
Gary B-PER
DiSarcina I-PER
drove O
in O
two O
runs O
apiece O
in O
a O
five-run O
first O
inning O
and O
Jim B-PER
Edmonds I-PER
highlighted O
a O
six-run O
sixth O
with O
a O
bases-loaded O
double O
as O
the O
California B-ORG
Angels I-ORG
coasted O
to O
a O
12-3 O
victory O
over O
the O
Yankees B-ORG
in O
the O
rubber O
game O
of O
their O
three-game O
series O
. O

The O
Angels B-ORG
battered O
Kenny B-PER
Rogers I-PER
( O
10-7 O
) O
for O
five O
runs O
in O
the O
first O
. O

The O
Yankees B-ORG
have O
allowed O
at O
least O
two O
runs O
in O
the O
first O
inning O
in O
six O
straight O
games O
, O
getting O
outscored O
21-1 O
in O
the O
first O
inning O
in O
that O
span O
. O

Chuck B-PER
Finley I-PER
( O
12-12 O
) O
snapped O
a O
four-game O
losing O
streak O
. O

In O
Kansas B-LOC
City I-LOC
, O
Travis B-PER
Fryman I-PER
doubled O
in O
the O
go-ahead O
run O
in O
the O
fifth O
and O
Melvin B-PER
Nieves I-PER
and O
Damion B-PER
Easley I-PER
belted O
two-run O
homers O
as O
the O
Detroit B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
claimed O
a O
10-3 O
win O
over O
the O
Royals B-ORG
, O
handing O
them O
their O
fifth O
straight O
loss O
. O

The O
Tigers B-ORG
won O
their O
third O
straight O
and O
halted O
a O
seven-game O
road O
losing O
streak O
behind O
Justin B-PER
Thompson I-PER
( O
1-2 O
) O
, O
who O
earned O
his O
first O
major-league O
win O
. O

Tim B-PER
Belcher I-PER
( O
12-8 O
) O
was O
tagged O
for O
six O
runs O
and O
nine O
hits O
in O
eight O
innings O
. O

At O
Minnesota B-LOC
, O
Ken B-PER
Hill I-PER
allowed O
two O
runs O
en O
route O
to O
his O
sixth O
complete O
game O
of O
the O
season O
and O
Rusty B-PER
Greer I-PER
added O
three O
hits O
, O
including O
a O
homer O
, O
and O
two O
RBI B-MISC
as O
the O
red-hot O
Texas B-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
routed O
the O
Twins B-ORG
11-2 O
. O

The O
Rangers B-ORG
, O
who O
won O
for O
the O
11th O
time O
in O
their O
last O
13 O
games O
, O
have O
scored O
45 O
runs O
in O
their O
last O
five O
contests O
. O

Hill B-PER
( O
14-7 O
) O
allowed O
10 O
hits O
. O

He O
has O
yielded O
just O
seven O
runs O
in O
his O
last O
four O
starts O
, O
covering O
33 O
1/3 O
innings O
. O

In O
Chicago B-LOC
, O
Erik B-PER
Hanson I-PER
outdueled O
Alex B-PER
Fernandez I-PER
, O
and O
Jacob B-PER
Brumfield I-PER
drove O
in O
Otis B-PER
Nixon I-PER
with O
the O
game O
's O
only O
run O
in O
the O
sixth O
inning O
as O
the O
Toronto B-ORG
Blue I-ORG
Jays I-ORG
blanked O
the O
White B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
1-0 O
in O
a O
game O
shortened O
to O
six O
innings O
due O
to O
rain O
. O

Toronto B-ORG
won O
its O
fifth O
straight O
and O
handed O
the O
White B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
their O
seventh O
loss O
in O
nine O
games O
. O

Hanson B-PER
( O
11-15 O
) O
allowed O
three O
hits O
, O
walked O
three O
and O
struck O
out O
four O
to O
snap O
a O
personal O
three-game O
losing O
streak O
. O

Fernandez B-PER
( O
12-8 O
) O
scattered O
six O
hits O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SPORTING B-ORG
START O
NEW O
SEASON O
WITH O
A O
WIN O
. O

LISBON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Sporting B-ORG
's O
Luis B-PER
Miguel I-PER
Predrosa I-PER
scored O
the O
first O
goal O
of O
the O
new O
league O
season O
as O
the O
Lisbon B-LOC
side O
cruised O
to O
a O
3-1 O
away O
win O
over O
SC B-ORG
Espinho I-ORG
on O
Friday O
. O

Predrosa B-PER
drilled O
a O
right-foot O
shot O
into O
the O
back O
of O
the O
net O
after O
24 O
minutes O
to O
set O
Sporting B-ORG
on O
the O
way O
to O
victory O
. O

Although O
Espinho B-ORG
's O
Nail B-PER
Besirovic I-PER
put O
the O
home O
side O
back O
on O
terms O
in O
the O
35th O
minute O
, O
Sporting B-ORG
quickly O
restored O
their O
lead O
. O

Jose B-PER
Luis I-PER
Vidigal I-PER
scored O
in O
the O
38th O
minute O
and O
Mustapha B-PER
Hadji I-PER
added O
the O
third O
in O
the O
57th O
. O

The O
game O
was O
brought O
forward O
from O
Sunday O
when O
reigning O
champions O
Porto B-ORG
and O
Lisbon B-ORG
rivals O
Benfica B-ORG
play O
their O
first O
games O
of O
the O
season O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
PORTUGUESE B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULT O
. O

LISBON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Result O
of O
a O
Portuguese B-MISC
first O

division O
soccer O
match O
on O
Friday O
: O

Espinho B-ORG
1 O
Sporting B-ORG
3 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ST B-ORG
PAULI I-ORG
TAKE O
POINT O
WITH O
LATE O
FIGHTBACK O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Hamburg B-LOC
side O
St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
, O
tipped O
as O
prime O
candidates O
for O
relegation O
, O
produced O
a O
stunning O
second-half O
fightback O
to O
draw O
4-4 O
in O
their O
Bundesliga B-MISC
clash O
with O
Schalke B-ORG
on O
Friday O
. O

Schalke B-ORG
, O
who O
finished O
third O
last O
season O
, O
raced O
to O
a O
3-1 O
lead O
at O
halftime O
. O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
pulled O
a O
goal O
back O
through O
Andre B-PER
Trulsen I-PER
but O
Schalke B-ORG
striker O
Martin B-PER
Max I-PER
restored O
his O
team O
's O
two-goal O
cushion O
shortly O
afterwards O
. O

Christian B-PER
Springer I-PER
put O
St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
back O
in O
touch O
in O
the O
64th O
minute O
and O
three O
minutes O
later O
they O
were O
level O
, O
thanks O
to O
a O
penalty O
from O
Thomas B-PER
Sabotzik I-PER
. O

In O
the O
night O
's O
only O
other O
match O
, O
Hamburg B-ORG
beat O
Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
1-0 O
, O
Karsten B-PER
Baeron I-PER
scoring O
the O
winner O
after O
some O
dazzling O
build-up O
from O
in-form O
midfielder O
Harald B-PER
Spoerl I-PER
. O

The O
win O
put O
Hamburg B-ORG
in O
second O
place O
in O
the O
German B-MISC
first O
division O
after O
three O
games O
, O
though O
that O
may O
change O
after O
the O
other O
sides O
play O
on O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
SALAH B-PER
HISSOU I-PER
BREAKS O
10,000 O
METRES O
WORLD O
RECORD O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Morocco B-LOC
's O
Salah B-PER
Hissou I-PER
broke O
the O
men O
's O
10,000 O
metres O
world O
record O
on O
Friday O
when O
he O
clocked O
26 O
minutes O
38.08 O
seconds O
at O
the O
Brussels B-LOC
grand O
prix O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
previous O
mark O
of O
26:43.53 O
was O
set O
by O
Ethiopia B-LOC
's O
Haile B-PER
Gebreselassie I-PER
in O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
town O
of O
Hengelo B-LOC
in O
June O
last O
year O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARIES O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Summaries O
of O
Bundesliga B-MISC
matches O
on O
Friday O
: O

Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
0 O
Hamburg B-ORG
1 O
( O
Baeron B-PER
64th O
min O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
18,500 O
. O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
4 O
( O
Driller B-PER
15th O
, O
Trulsen B-PER
54th O
, O
Springer B-PER
64th O
, O
Sobotzik B-PER
67th O
penalty O
) O
Schalke B-ORG
4 O
( O
Max B-PER
11th O
, O
Thon B-PER
34th O
, O
Wilmots B-PER
38th O
, O
Springer B-PER
64th O
) O
. O

1-3 O
. O

19,775 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
SUMMARY O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Summary O
of O
a O
French B-MISC
first O
division O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

Nancy B-ORG
0 O
Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
0 O
. O

Attendance O
: O
15,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULT O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Result O
of O
a O
French B-MISC
first O
division O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

Nancy B-ORG
0 O
Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Results O
of O
German B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
on O
Friday O
: O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
4 O
Schalke B-ORG
4 O

Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
0 O
Hamburg B-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
MASTERKOVA B-PER
BREAKS O
SECOND O
WORLD O
RECORD O
IN O
10 O
DAYS O
. O

Adrian B-PER
Warner I-PER

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Russia B-LOC
's O
double O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Svetlana B-PER
Masterkova I-PER
smashed O
her O
second O
world O
record O
in O
just O
10 O
days O
on O
Friday O
when O
she O
bettered O
the O
mark O
for O
the O
women O
's O
1,000 O
metres O
. O

After O
breaking O
the O
world O
record O
for O
the O
women O
's O
mile O
in O
Zurich B-LOC
last O
Wednesday O
, O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
800 O
and O
1,500 O
metres O
champion O
clocked O
two O
minutes O
28.98 O
seconds O
over O
1,000 O
at O
the O
Brussels B-LOC
grand O
prix O
meeting O
. O

The O
Russian B-MISC
ate O
up O
the O
ground O
in O
a O
swift O
last O
lap O
to O
shave O
0.36 O
seconds O
off O
the O
previous O
best O
of O
2:29.34 O
set O
by O
Mozambique B-LOC
's O
Maria B-PER
Mutola I-PER
in O
the O
same O
stadium O
in O
August O
last O
year O
. O

Former O
world O
800 O
champion O
Mutola B-PER
pushed O
Masterkova B-PER
all O
the O
way O
, O
finishing O
second O
in O
2:29.66 O
. O

But O
it O
was O
the O
Russian B-MISC
who O
picked O
up O
the O
bonus O
of O
$ O
25,000 O
for O
the O
historic O
run O
in O
front O
of O
a O
capacity O
40,000 O
crowd O
. O

Masterkova B-PER
dominated O
the O
middle-distance O
races O
at O
the O
recent O
Atlanta B-MISC
Games I-MISC
following O
her O
return O
to O
competition O
this O
season O
after O
a O
three-year O
maternity O
break O
. O

In O
her O
first O
mile O
race O
at O
the O
richest O
meeting O
in O
Zurich B-LOC
last O
Wednesday O
, O
she O
slashed O
3.05 O
seconds O
off O
the O
previous O
record O
. O

The O
record O
of O
four O
minutes O
, O
12.56 O
seconds O
in O
Zurich B-LOC
earned O
Masterkova B-PER
a O
bonus O
of O
$ O
50,000 O
plus O
one O
kilo O
of O
gold O
. O

After O
Friday O
's O
performance O
the O
Russian B-MISC
will O
have O
earned O
well O
over O
$ O
100,000 O
in O
less O
than O
a O
fortnight O
, O
taking O
her O
appearance O
money O
into O
account O
. O

Brussels B-LOC
organisers O
had O
laid O
a O
new O
track O
for O
the O
meeting O
comparable O
to O
the O
surface O
at O
the O
Atlanta B-MISC
Games I-MISC
but O
put O
down O
on O
a O
softer O
surface O
. O

Masterkova B-PER
clearly O
enjoyed O
it O
. O

Mutola B-PER
looked O
threatening O
in O
the O
final O
200 O
metres O
but O
the O
Russian B-MISC
found O
an O
extra O
gear O
to O
power O
home O
several O
strides O
ahead O
, O
pointing O
at O
the O
time O
on O
the O
clock O
with O
delight O
as O
she O
crossed O
the O
line O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
WOMEN O
'S O
1,000 O
METRES O
WORLD O
RECORD O
EVOLUTION O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Evolution O
of O
the O
women O
's O
1,000 O

metres O
world O
record O
( O
tabulated O
under O
time O
, O
name O
/ O
nationality O
, O

venue O
, O
date O
) O
: O

2:30.67 O
Christine B-PER
Wachtel I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Berlin B-LOC
17.8.90 O

2:29.34 O
Maria B-PER
Mutola I-PER
( O
Mozambique B-LOC
) O
Brussels B-LOC
25.8.95 O

2:28.98 O
Svetlana B-PER
Masterkova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
Brussels B-LOC
23.8.96 O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
MASTERKOVA B-PER
BREAKS O
WOMEN O
'S O
WORLD O
1,000 O
RECORD O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Russian B-MISC
Svetlana B-PER
Masterkova I-PER
broke O
the O
women O
's O
world O
1,000 O
metres O
record O
on O
Friday O
when O
she O
clocked O
an O
unofficial O
two O
minutes O
28.99 O
seconds O
at O
the O
Brussels B-LOC
grand O
prix O
. O

The O
previous O
mark O
of O
2:29.34 O
was O
set O
by O
Mozambique B-LOC
's O
Maria B-PER
Mutola I-PER
here O
on O
August O
25 O
last O
year O
. O

The O
time O
was O
officially O
adjusted O
to O
2:28.98 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
SECOND O
ROUND O
SCORES O
. O

STUTTGART B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Leading O
second O
round O

scores O
in O
the O
German B-MISC
Open I-MISC
golf O
championship O
on O
Friday O
( O
Britain B-LOC

unless O
stated O
) O
: O

128 O
Ian B-PER
Woosnam I-PER
64 O
64 O

129 O
Robert B-PER
Karlsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
67 O
62 O

130 O
Fernando B-PER
Roca I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
66 O
64 O
, O
Ian B-PER
Pyman I-PER
66 O
64 O

131 O
Carl B-PER
Suneson I-PER
65 O
66 O
, O
Stephen B-PER
Field I-PER
66 O
65 O

132 O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
66 O
66 O
, O
Raymond B-PER
Russell I-PER
63 O
69 O
, O

Thomas B-PER
Gogele I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
67 O
65 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Broadhurst I-PER
62 O
70 O
, O

Diego B-PER
Borrego I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
69 O
63 O

133 O
Ricky B-PER
Willison I-PER
69 O
64 O
, O
Stephen B-PER
Ames I-PER
( O
Trinidad B-LOC
and I-LOC
Tobago I-LOC
) O

68 O
65 O
, O
Eamonn B-PER
Darcy I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
65 O
68 O

134 O
Robert B-PER
Coles I-PER
68 O
66 O
, O
David B-PER
Williams I-PER
67 O
67 O
, O
Thomas B-PER
Bjorn I-PER

( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
66 O
68 O
, O
Pedro B-PER
Linhart I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
67 O
67 O
, O
Michael B-PER

Jonzon B-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
67 O
67 O
, O
Roger B-PER
Chapman I-PER
72 O
62 O
, O
Jonathan B-PER
Lomas I-PER

67 O
67 O
, O
Francisco B-PER
Cea I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
68 O
66 O

135 O
Terry B-PER
Price I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
67 O
68 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Eales I-PER
67 O
68 O
, O
Wayne B-PER

Riley B-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
64 O
71 O
, O
Carl B-PER
Mason I-PER
69 O
66 O
, O
Barry B-PER
Lane I-PER

68 O
67 O
, O
Bernhard B-PER
Langer I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
64 O
71 O
, O
Gary B-PER
Orr I-PER
67 O
68 O
, O

Mats B-PER
Lanner I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
64 O
71 O
, O
Jeff B-PER
Hawksworth I-PER
67 O
68 O
, O
Des B-PER

Smyth B-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
66 O
69 O
, O
David B-PER
Carter I-PER
66 O
69 O
, O
Steve B-PER
Webster I-PER

69 O
66 O
, O
Jose B-PER
Maria I-PER
Canizares I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
67 O
68 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Lawrie I-PER

66 O
69 O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
MITCHELL B-PER
UPSTAGES O
TRIO O
OF O
OLYMPIC B-MISC
SPRINT O
CHAMPIONS O
. O

Adrian B-PER
Warner I-PER

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

American B-MISC
Dennis B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
upstaged O
a O
trio O
of O
past O
and O
present O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
metres O
champions O
on O
Friday O
with O
a O
storming O
victory O
at O
the O
Brussels B-LOC
grand O
prix O
. O

Sporting B-ORG
his O
customary O
bright O
green O
outfit O
, O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
champion O
clocked O
10.03 O
seconds O
despite O
damp O
conditions O
to O
take O
the O
scalp O
of O
Canada B-LOC
's O
reigning O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Donovan B-PER
Bailey I-PER
, O
1992 O
champion O
Linford B-PER
Christie I-PER
of O
Britain B-LOC
and O
American B-MISC
1984 O
and O
1988 O
champion O
Carl B-PER
Lewis I-PER
. O

Mitchell B-PER
also O
beat O
world O
and O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Bailey B-PER
at O
the O
most O
lucrative O
meeting O
in O
the O
sport O
in O
Zurich B-LOC
last O
week O
. O

The O
American B-MISC
, O
who O
finished O
fourth O
at O
the O
Atlanta B-MISC
Games I-MISC
, O
was O
fast O
out O
of O
his O
blocks O
and O
held O
off O
Bailey B-PER
's O
late O
burst O
in O
the O
final O
20 O
metres O
before O
heading O
off O
for O
a O
lap O
of O
celebration O
. O

The O
Canadian B-MISC
was O
second O
in O
10.09 O
with O
Lewis B-PER
third O
in O
10.10 O
, O
ahead O
of O
Atlanta B-LOC
bronze O
medallist O
Ato B-PER
Boldon I-PER
who O
clocked O
10.12 O
in O
fourth O
. O

Christie B-PER
, O
competing O
in O
what O
is O
expected O
to O
be O
his O
last O
major O
international O
meeting O
, O
finished O
fifth O
in O
10.14 O
. O

Lewis B-PER
, O
making O
a O
rare O
appearance O
in O
Europe B-LOC
in O
a O
sprint O
race O
, O
left O
the O
track O
with O
a O
slight O
limp O
. O

American B-MISC
Olympic I-MISC
high O
hurdles O
champion O
Allen B-PER
Johnson I-PER
defied O
the O
wet O
conditions O
to O
produce O
a O
brilliant O
12.92 O
seconds O
in O
the O
110 O
metres O
race O
, O
just O
0.01 O
outside O
the O
world O
record O
held O
by O
Britain B-LOC
's O
Colin B-PER
Jackson I-PER
. O

Johnson B-PER
ran O
the O
same O
time O
at O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
Olympic B-MISC
trials O
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
in O
June O
to O
become O
the O
second O
equal O
fastest O
hurdler O
of O
all O
time O
with O
American B-MISC
Roger B-PER
Kingdom I-PER
. O

He O
seemed O
to O
relish O
the O
new O
track O
at O
the O
Brussels B-LOC
meeting O
, O
dominating O
the O
race O
from O
start O
to O
finish O
with O
a O
slight O
wind O
at O
his O
back O
. O

Jackson B-PER
, O
the O
only O
man O
to O
have O
run O
faster O
, O
could O
not O
live O
with O
his O
speed O
, O
taking O
second O
in O
13.24 O
seconds O
. O

The O
rain O
was O
pelting O
down O
when O
the O
women O
's O
high O
hurdlers O
stepped O
up O
for O
their O
100 O
metres O
race O
. O

But O
Sweden B-LOC
's O
Olympic B-MISC
high O
hurdles O
champion O
Ludmila B-PER
Engquist I-PER
, O
who O
crashed O
out O
of O
last O
week O
's O
meeting O
in O
Zurich B-LOC
after O
hitting O
a O
hurdle O
, O
also O
kept O
her O
footing O
perfectly O
to O
win O
in O
a O
fast O
12.60 O
seconds O
. O

Olympic B-MISC
silver O
medallist O
Brigita B-PER
Bukovec I-PER
of O
Slovenia B-LOC
could O
finish O
only O
fifth O
in O
the O
race O
in O
12.95 O
. O

Jamaican B-MISC
Commonwealth B-ORG
champion O
Michelle B-PER
Freeman I-PER
took O
second O
in O
12.77 O
ahead O
of O
Cuban B-MISC
Aliuska B-PER
Lopez I-PER
. O

The O
Zurich B-LOC
fall O
cost O
Engquist B-PER
a O
shot O
at O
a O
jackpot O
of O
20 O
one-kg O
gold O
bars O
which O
can O
be O
won O
by O
athletes O
who O
clinch O
their O
events O
at O
all O
of O
the O
Golden B-MISC
Four I-MISC
series O
in O
Oslo B-LOC
, O
Zurich B-LOC
, O
Brussels B-LOC
and O
Berlin B-LOC
. O

Seven O
athletes O
went O
into O
Friday O
's O
penultimate O
meeting O
of O
the O
series O
with O
a O
chance O
of O
winning O
the O
prize O
and O
American B-MISC
men O
's O
400 O
metres O
hurdles O
champion O
Derrick B-PER
Adkins I-PER
kept O
his O
hopes O
alive O
in O
the O
competition O
by O
winning O
his O
event O
in O
47.93 O
. O

American B-MISC
Olympic I-MISC
champion O
Gail B-PER
Devers I-PER
clocked O
a O
swift O
10.84 O
seconds O
on O
her O
way O
to O
victory O
in O
the O
women O
's O
100 O
metres O
, O
the O
second O
fastest O
time O
of O
the O
season O
and O
0.10 O
seconds O
faster O
than O
her O
winning O
time O
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
. O

Jamaican B-MISC
veteran O
Merlene B-PER
Ottey I-PER
, O
who O
beat O
Devers B-PER
in O
Zurich B-LOC
after O
just O
missing O
out O
on O
the O
gold O
medal O
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
after O
a O
photo O
finish O
, O
had O
to O
settle O
for O
third O
place O
in O
11.04 O
. O

American B-MISC
world O
champion O
Gwen B-PER
Torrence I-PER
, O
the O
bronze O
medallist O
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
, O
was O
second O
in O
11.00 O
. O

It O
was O
a O
costly O
defeat O
for O
Ottey B-PER
since O
it O
threw O
her O
out O
of O
the O
race O
for O
the O
Golden B-MISC
Four I-MISC
jackpot O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
BRUSSELS B-MISC
GRAND I-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Leading O
results O
in O
the O
Brussels B-MISC

Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
athletics O
meeting O
on O
Friday O
: O

Women O
's O
discus O

1. O
Ilke B-PER
Wyludda I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
66.60 O
metres O

2. O
Ellina B-PER
Zvereva I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
65.66 O

3. O
Franka B-PER
Dietzsch I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
61.74 O

4. O
Natalya B-PER
Sadova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
61.64 O

5. O
Mette B-PER
Bergmann I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
61.44 O

6. O
Nicoleta B-PER
Grasu I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
61.36 O

7. O
Olga B-PER
Chernyavskaya I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
60.46 O

8. O
Irina B-PER
Yatchenko I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
58.92 O

Women O
's O
100 O
metres O
hurdles O

1. O
Ludmila B-PER
Engquist I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
12.60 O
seconds O

2. O
Michelle B-PER
Freeman I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
12.77 O

3. O
Aliuska B-PER
Lopez I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
12.85 O

4. O
Dionne B-PER
Rose I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
12.88 O

5. O
Brigita B-PER
Bukovec I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
12.95 O

6. O
Yulia B-PER
Graudin I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
12.96 O

7. O
Julie B-PER
Baumann I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
13.36 O

8. O
Patricia B-PER
Girard-Leno I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
13.36 O

9. O
Dawn B-PER
Bowles I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
13.53 O

Men O
's O
110 O
metres O
hurdles O

1. O
Allen B-PER
Johnson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
12.92 O
seconds O

2. O
Colin B-PER
Jackson I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
13.24 O

3. O
Emilio B-PER
Valle I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
13.33 O

4. O
Sven B-PER
Pieters I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
13.37 O

5. O
Steve B-PER
Brown I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
13.38 O

6. O
Frank B-PER
Asselman I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
13.64 O

7. O
Hubert B-PER
Grossard I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
13.65 O

8. O
Jonathan B-PER
N'Senga I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
13.66 O

9. O
Johan B-PER
Lisabeth I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
13.75 O

Women O
's O
5,000 O
metres O

1. O
Roberta B-PER
Brunet I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
14 O
minutes O
48.96 O
seconds O

2. O
Fernanda B-PER
Ribeiro I-PER
( O
Portugal B-LOC
) O
14:49.81 O

3. O
Sally B-PER
Barsosio I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
14:58.29 O

4. O
Paula B-PER
Radcliffe I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
14:59.70 O

5. O
Julia B-PER
Vaquero I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
15:04.94 O

6. O
Catherine B-PER
McKiernan I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
15:07.57 O

7. O
Annette B-PER
Peters I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
15:07.85 O

8. O
Pauline B-PER
Konga I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
15:11.40 O

Men O
's O
100 O
metres O

1. O
Dennis B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
10.03 O
seconds O

2. O
Donovan B-PER
Bailey I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
10.09 O

3. O
Carl B-PER
Lewis I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
10.10 O

4. O
Ato B-PER
Boldon I-PER
( O
Trinidad B-LOC
) O
10.12 O

5. O
Linford B-PER
Christie I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
10.14 O

6. O
Davidson B-PER
Ezinwa I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
10.15 O

7. O
Jon B-PER
Drummond I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
10.16 O

8. O
Bruny B-PER
Surin I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
10.30 O

Men O
's O
400 O
metres O
hurdles O

1. O
Derrick B-PER
Adkins I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
47.93 O
seconds O

2. O
Samuel B-PER
Matete I-PER
( O
Zambia B-LOC
) O
47.99 O

3. O
Rohan B-PER
Robinson I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
48.86 O

4. O
Torrance B-PER
Zellner I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
49.06 O

5. O
Jean-Paul B-PER
Bruwier I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
49.24 O

6. O
Dusan B-PER
Kovacs I-PER
( O
Hungary B-LOC
) O
49.31 O

7. O
Calvin B-PER
Davis I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
49.49 O

8. O
Laurent B-PER
Ottoz I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
49.61 O

9. O
Marc B-PER
Dollendorf I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
50.36 O

Women O
's O
100 O
metres O

1. O
Gail B-PER
Devers I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
10.84 O
seconds O

2. O
Gwen B-PER
Torrence I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
11.00 O

3. O
Merlene B-PER
Ottey I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
11.04 O

4. O
Mary B-PER
Onyali I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
11.09 O

5. O
Chryste B-PER
Gaines I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
11.18 O

6. O
Zhanna B-PER
Pintusevich I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
11.27 O

7. O
Irina B-PER
Privalova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
11.28 O

8. O
Natalia B-PER
Voronova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
11.28 O

9. O
Juliet B-PER
Cuthbert I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
11.31 O

Women O
's O
1,500 O
metres O

1. O
Regina B-PER
Jacobs I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
4 O
minutes O
01.77 O
seconds O

2. O
Patricia B-PER
Djate I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
4:02.26 O

3. O
Carla B-PER
Sacramento I-PER
( O
Portugal B-LOC
) O
4:02.67 O

4. O
Yekaterina B-PER
Podkopayeva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
4:04.78 O

5. O
Margret B-PER
Crowley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
4:05.00 O

6. O
Leah B-PER
Pells I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
4:05.64 O

7. O
Sarah B-PER
Thorsett I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
4:06.80 O

8. O
Sinead B-PER
Delahunty I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
4:07.27 O

3,000 O
metres O
steeplechase O

1. O
Joseph B-PER
Keter I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
8 O
minutes O
10.02 O
seconds O

2. O
Patrick B-PER
Sang I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
8:12.04 O

3. O
Moses B-PER
Kiptanui I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
8:12.65 O

4. O
Gideon B-PER
Chirchir I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
8:15.69 O

5. O
Richard B-PER
Kosgei I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
8:16.80 O

6. O
Larbi B-PER
El I-PER
Khattabi I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
8:17.29 O

7. O
Eliud B-PER
Barngetuny I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
8:17.66 O

8. O
Bernard B-PER
Barmasai I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
8:17.94 O

Men O
's O
400 O
metres O

1. O
Michael B-PER
Johnson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
44.29 O
seconds O

2. O
Derek B-PER
Mills I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
44.78 O

3. O
Anthuan B-PER
Maybank I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
44.92 O

4. O
Davis B-PER
Kamoga I-PER
( O
Uganda B-LOC
) O
44.96 O

5. O
Jamie B-PER
Baulch I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
45.08 O

6. O
Sunday B-PER
Bada I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
45.21 O

7. O
Samson B-PER
Kitur I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
45.34 O

8. O
Mark B-PER
Richardson I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
45.67 O

9. O
Jason B-PER
Rouser I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
46.11 O

Men O
's O
200 O
metres O

1. O
Frankie B-PER
Fredericks I-PER
( O
Namibia B-LOC
) O
19.92 O
seconds O

2. O
Ato B-PER
Boldon I-PER
( O
Trinidad B-LOC
) O
19.99 O

3. O
Jeff B-PER
Williams I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
20.21 O

4. O
Jon B-PER
Drummond I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
20.42 O

5. O
Patrick B-PER
Stevens I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
20.42 O

6. O
Michael B-PER
Marsh I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
20.43 O

7. O
Ivan B-PER
Garcia I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
20.45 O

8. O
Eric B-PER
Wymeersch I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
20.84 O

9. O
Lamont B-PER
Smith I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
21.08 O

Women O
's O
1,000 O
metres O

1. O
Svetlana B-PER
Masterkova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
2 O
minutes O
28.98 O
seconds O

( O
world O
record O
) O

2. O
Maria B-PER
Mutola I-PER
( O
Mozambique B-LOC
) O
2:29.66 O

3. O
Malgorzata B-PER
Rydz I-PER
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O
2:39.00 O

4. O
Anja B-PER
Smolders I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
2:43.06 O

5. O
Veerle B-PER
De I-PER
Jaeghere I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
2:43.18 O

6. O
Eleonora B-PER
Berlanda I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
2:43.44 O

7. O
Anneke B-PER
Matthijs I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
2:43.82 O

8. O
Jacqueline B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
2:44.22 O

Women O
's O
200 O
metres O

1. O
Mary B-PER
Onyali I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
22.42 O
seconds O

2. O
Inger B-PER
Miller I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
22.66 O

3. O
Irina B-PER
Privalova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
22.68 O

4. O
Natalia B-PER
Voronova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
22.73 O

5. O
Marina B-PER
Trandenkova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
22.84 O

6. O
Chandra B-PER
Sturrup I-PER
( O
Bahamas B-LOC
) O
22.85 O

7. O
Zundra B-PER
Feagin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
23.18 O

8. O
Galina B-PER
Malchugina I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
23.25 O

Women O
's O
400 O
metres O

1. O
Cathy B-PER
Freeman I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
49.48 O
seconds O

2. O
Marie-Jose B-PER
Perec I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
49.72 O

3. O
Falilat B-PER
Ogunkoya I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
49.97 O

4. O
Pauline B-PER
Davis I-PER
( O
Bahamas B-LOC
) O
50.14 O

5. O
Fatima B-PER
Yussuf I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
50.14 O

6. O
Maicel B-PER
Malone I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
50.51 O

7. O
Hana B-PER
Benesova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
51.71 O

8. O
Ann B-PER
Mercken I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
53.55 O

Men O
's O
3,000 O
metres O

1. O
Daniel B-PER
Komen I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
7 O
minutes O
25.87 O
seconds O

2. O
Khalid B-PER
Boulami I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
7:31.65 O

3. O
Bob B-PER
Kennedy I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
7:31.69 O

4. O
El B-PER
Hassane I-PER
Lahssini I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
7:32.44 O

5. O
Thomas B-PER
Nyariki I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
7:35.56 O

6. O
Noureddine B-PER
Morceli I-PER
( O
Algeria B-LOC
) O
7:36.81 O

7. O
Fita B-PER
Bayesa I-PER
( O
Ethiopia B-LOC
) O
7:38.09 O

8. O
Martin B-PER
Keino I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
7:38.88 O

Men O
's O
discus O

1. O
Lars B-PER
Riedel I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
66.74 O
metres O

2. O
Anthony B-PER
Washington I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
66.72 O

3. O
Vladimir B-PER
Dubrovshchik I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
64.02 O

4. O
Virgilius B-PER
Alekna I-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
63.62 O

5. O
Juergen B-PER
Schult I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
63.48 O

6. O
Vassiliy B-PER
Kaptyukh I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
61.80 O

7. O
Vaclavas B-PER
Kidikas I-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
60.92 O

8. O
Michael B-PER
Mollenbeck I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
59.24 O

Men O
's O
triple O
jump O

1. O
Jonathan B-PER
Edwards I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
17.50 O
metres O

2. O
Yoelvis B-PER
Quesada I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
17.29 O

3. O
Brian B-PER
Wellman I-PER
( O
Bermuda B-LOC
) O
17.05 O

4. O
Kenny B-PER
Harrison I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
16.97 O

5. O
Gennadi B-PER
Markov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
16.66 O

6. O
Francis B-PER
Agyepong I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
16.63 O

7. O
Rogel B-PER
Nachum I-PER
( O
Israel B-LOC
) O
16.36 O

8. O
Sigurd B-PER
Njerve I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
16.35 O

Men O
's O
1,500 O
metres O

1. O
Hicham B-PER
El I-PER
Guerrouj I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
three O
minutes O
29.05 O
seconds O

2. O
Isaac B-PER
Viciosa I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
3:33.00 O

3. O
William B-PER
Tanui I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
3:33.36 O

4. O
Elijah B-PER
Maru I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
3:33.64 O

5. O
Marcus B-PER
O'Sullivan I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
3:33.77 O

6. O
John B-PER
Mayock I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
3:33.94 O

7. O
Laban B-PER
Rotich I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
3:34.12 O

8. O
Christophe B-PER
Impens I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
3:34.13 O

Women O
's O
high O
jump O

1. O
Stefka B-PER
Kostadinova I-PER
( O
Bulgaria B-LOC
) O
2.03 O
metres O

2. O
Inga B-PER
Babakova I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
2.03 O

3. O
Alina B-PER
Astafei I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1.97 O

4. O
Tatyana B-PER
Motkova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1.94 O

5. O
Svetlana B-PER
Zalevskaya I-PER
( O
Kazakhstan B-LOC
) O
1.91 O

6. O
Yelena B-PER
Gulyayeva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
1.88 O

7. O
Hanna B-PER
Haugland I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1.88 O

8 O
equal O
. O

Olga B-PER
Boshova I-PER
( O
Moldova B-LOC
) O
1.85 O

8 O
equal O
. O

Nele B-PER
Zilinskiene I-PER
( O
Lithuania B-LOC
) O
1.85 O

Men O
's O
10,000 O
metres O

1. O
Salah B-PER
Hissou I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
26 O
minutes O
38.08 O
seconds O
( O
world O

record O
) O

2. O
Paul B-PER
Tergat I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
26:54.41 O

3. O
Paul B-PER
Koech I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
26:56.78 O

4. O
William B-PER
Kiptum I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
27:18.84 O

5. O
Aloys B-PER
Nizigama I-PER
( O
Burundi B-LOC
) O
27:25.13 O

6. O
Mathias B-PER
Ntawulikura I-PER
( O
Rwanda B-LOC
) O
27:25.48 O

7. O
Abel B-PER
Anton I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
28:18.44 O

8. O
Kamiel B-PER
Maase I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
28.29.42 O

9. O
Worku B-PER
Bekila I-PER
( O
Ethiopia B-LOC
) O
28.42.23 O

10. O
Robert B-PER
Stefko I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
28:42.26 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
JORGE B-PER
CALLS O
UP O
SIX O
PORTO B-ORG
PLAYERS O
FOR O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

LISBON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Portugal B-LOC
's O
new O
coach O
Artur B-PER
Jorge I-PER
called O
up O
six O
players O
from O
league O
champions O
Porto B-ORG
on O
Friday O
in O
an O
18-man O
squad O
for O
the O
opening O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
against O
Armenia B-LOC
on O
August O
31 O
. O

Midfielder O
Paulo B-PER
Sousa I-PER
, O
recently O
transferred O
to O
Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
from O
Italy B-LOC
's O
Juventus B-ORG
, O
is O
the O
only O
leading O
member O
of O
the O
Portuguese B-MISC
side O
from O
this O
year O
's O
European B-MISC
championships O
who O
will O
not O
make O
the O
trip O
. O

It O
will O
be O
Jorge B-PER
's O
first O
game O
in O
charge O
of O
the O
national O
squad O
since O
taking O
over O
from O
Antonio B-PER
Oliveira I-PER
, O
who O
now O
coaches O
Porto B-ORG
, O
at O
the O
end O
of O
Euro B-MISC
96 I-MISC
. O

Squad O
: O

Goalkeepers O
- O
Vitor B-PER
Baia I-PER
, O
Rui B-PER
Correia I-PER
. O

Defenders O
- O
Jorge B-PER
Costa I-PER
, O
Paulinho B-PER
Santos I-PER
, O
Helder B-PER
Cristovao I-PER
, O
Carlos B-PER
Secretario I-PER
, O
Dimas B-PER
Teixeira I-PER
, O
Fernando B-PER
Couto I-PER
. O

Midfielders O
- O
Jose B-PER
Barroso I-PER
, O
Luis B-PER
Figo I-PER
, O
Rui B-PER
Barros I-PER
, O
Rui B-PER
Costa I-PER
, O
Oceano B-PER
Cruz I-PER
, O
Ricardo B-PER
Sa I-PER
Pinto I-PER
. O

Forwards O
- O
Domingos B-PER
Oliveira I-PER
, O
Joao B-PER
Vieira I-PER
Pinto I-PER
, O
Jorge B-PER
Cadete I-PER
, O
Antonio B-PER
Folha I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
VOGTS B-PER
KEEPS O
FAITH O
WITH O
EURO B-MISC
' I-MISC
96 I-MISC
CHAMPIONS O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Trainer O
Berti B-PER
Vogts I-PER
kept O
faith O
with O
his O
entire O
European B-MISC
championship O
winning O
squad O
for O
Germany B-LOC
's O
first O
match O
since O
their O
title O
victory O
, O
a O
friendly O
in O
Poland B-LOC
. O

Vogts B-PER
picked O
no O
new O
players O
for O
the O
squad O
for O
the O
September O
4 O
game O
in O
Zabrze B-LOC
. O

Instead O
on O
Friday O
he O
nominated O
all O
23 O
Euro B-MISC
' I-MISC
96 I-MISC
veterans O
including O
Bremen B-ORG
's O
Jens B-PER
Todt I-PER
, O
called O
up O
before O
the O
final O
by O
special O
UEFA B-ORG
dispensation O
. O

He O
will O
, O
however O
, O
have O
to O
do O
without O
the O
Dortmund B-ORG
trio O
of O
libero O
Matthias B-PER
Sammer I-PER
, O
midfielder O
Steffen B-PER
Freund I-PER
and O
defender O
Rene B-PER
Schneider I-PER
, O
who O
were O
all O
formally O
nominated O
despite O
being O
injured O
. O

" O
This O
squad O
is O
currently O
the O
basis O
of O
my O
planning O
for O
the O
1998 O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
" O
Vogts B-PER
said O
. O
" O

We O
'll O
have O
to O
see O
which O
other O
players O
produce O
good O
league O
performances O
to O
play O
themselves O
into O
the O
squad O
. O
" O

Squad O
: O

Goalkeepers O
- O
Oliver B-PER
Kahn I-PER
, O
Andreas B-PER
Koepke I-PER
, O
Oliver B-PER
Reck I-PER

Defenders O
- O
Markus B-PER
Babbel I-PER
, O
Thomas B-PER
Helmer I-PER
, O
Juergen B-PER
Kohler I-PER
, O
Stefan B-PER
Reuter I-PER
, O
Matthias B-PER
Sammer I-PER
, O
Rene B-PER
Schneider I-PER

Midfielders O
- O
Mario B-PER
Basler I-PER
, O
Marco B-PER
Bode I-PER
, O
Dieter B-PER
Eilts I-PER
, O
Steffen B-PER
Freund I-PER
, O
Thomas B-PER
Haessler I-PER
, O
Andreas B-PER
Moeller I-PER
, O
Mehmet B-PER
Scholl I-PER
, O
Thomas B-PER
Strunz I-PER
, O
Jens B-PER
Todt I-PER
, O
Christian B-PER
Ziege I-PER

Forwards O
- O
Oliver B-PER
Bierhoff I-PER
, O
Fredi B-PER
Bobic I-PER
, O
Juergen B-PER
Klinsmann I-PER
, O
Stefan B-PER
Kuntz I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
DRAWS O
FOR O
AEK B-ORG
, O
OLYMPIAKOS B-ORG
, O
PAO B-ORG
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Following O
are O
the O
European B-MISC
soccer O

draws O
for O
the O
UEFA B-ORG
cup O
and O
the O
cup O
's O
winners O
cup O
involving O
Greek B-MISC

teams O
that O
took O
place O
today O
in O
Geneva B-LOC
: O

x-AEK B-ORG
Athens I-ORG
( O
Greece B-LOC
) O
v O
Chemlon B-ORG
Humenne I-ORG
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O

x-Olympiakos B-ORG
v O
Ferencvaros B-ORG
( O
Hungary B-LOC
) O

x-PAO B-ORG
v O
Legia B-ORG
Warsaw I-ORG
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O

x O
indicates O
seeded O
teams O
. O

-- O
Dimitris B-PER
Kontogiannis I-PER
, O
Athens B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+301 O
3311812-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
EURO B-MISC
CLUB O
COMPETITION O
FIRST O
ROUND O
DRAWS O
. O

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Draws O
for O
the O
first O
round O
of O
the O
European B-MISC
club O
soccer O
competitions O
made O
on O
Friday O
( O
x O
denotes O
seeded O
team O
) O
: O

UEFA B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
Lyngby B-ORG
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
v O
x-Club B-ORG
Brugge I-ORG
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Casino B-ORG
Graz I-ORG
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
v O
Ekeren B-ORG
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Besiktas B-ORG
( O
Turkey B-LOC
) O
v O
Molenbeek B-ORG
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Alania B-ORG
Vladikavkaz I-ORG
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
v O
x-Anderlecht B-ORG
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O

Cup B-MISC
Winners I-MISC
' I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
x-Cercle B-ORG
Brugge I-ORG
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
v O
Brann B-ORG
Bergen I-ORG
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
SRI B-LOC
LANKA I-LOC
AND O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
SAY O
RELATIONS O
HAVE O
HEALED O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
and O
Australia B-LOC
agreed O
on O
Friday O
that O
relations O
between O
the O
two O
teams O
had O
healed O
since O
the O
Sri B-MISC
Lankans I-MISC
' O
acrimonious O
tour O
last O
year O
. O

The O
Sri B-MISC
Lankans I-MISC
were O
first O
found O
guilty O
then O
cleared O
of O
ball O
tampering O
and O
off-spinner O
Muttiah B-PER
Muralitharan I-PER
was O
called O
for O
throwing O
during O
a O
controversial O
three-test O
series O
in O
Australia B-LOC
. O

" O
Our O
concern O
is O
to O
get O
out O
there O
and O
play O
proper O
cricket O
, O
" O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
captain O
Arjuna B-PER
Ranatunga I-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
on O
the O
eve O
of O
a O
warmup O
match O
between O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
champions O
and O
a O
World B-ORG
XI I-ORG
team O
scheduled O
for O
Saturday O
. O

" O
What O
happened O
is O
history O
. O
" O

Australian B-MISC
team O
manager O
Cam B-PER
Battersby I-PER
said O
he O
agreed O
with O
Ranatunga B-PER
. O

" O
I O
believe O
relations O
between O
the O
two O
teams O
will O
be O
excellent O
, O
" O
Batterby B-PER
said O
. O

The O
Australians B-MISC
are O
making O
their O
first O
visit O
to O
the O
Indian B-LOC
Ocean I-LOC
island O
since O
boycotting O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
fixture O
in O
February O
after O
a O
terrorist O
bomb O
in O
Colombo B-LOC
. O

Australia B-LOC
have O
been O
promised O
the O
presence O
of O
commandos O
, O
sniffer O
dogs O
and O
plainclothes O
policemen O
to O
ensure O
a O
limited O
overs O
tournament O
is O
trouble-free O
. O

The O
tournament O
, O
starting O
on O
August O
26 O
, O
also O
includes O
India B-LOC
and O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
. O

Battersby B-PER
said O
he O
was O
satisfied O
with O
the O
security O
arrangements O
. O

Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
officials O
said O
they O
expected O
heavy O
rain O
which O
washed O
out O
a O
warmup O
match O
on O
Friday O
should O
cease O
by O
Saturday O
. O

Australia B-LOC
, O
led O
by O
wicketkeeper O
Ian B-PER
Healy I-PER
, O
opened O
their O
short O
tour O
of O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
with O
a O
five-run O
win O
over O
the O
country O
's O
youth O
team O
on O
Thursday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
ANGOLA B-LOC
- O
AUG O
23 O
. O

LUANDA B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

These O
are O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Angolan B-MISC
press O
on O
Friday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

- O
- O
- O
- O

JORNAL B-ORG
DE I-ORG
ANGOLA I-ORG

- O
The O
Angolan B-MISC
Chief O
of O
State O
addressed O
a O
letter O
to O
UN B-ORG
Security I-ORG
Council I-ORG
proposing O
dates O
for O
the O
conclusion O
of O
the O
peace O
process O
in O
Angola B-LOC
. O

He O
proposed O
definite O
dates O
, O
August O
25 O
for O
return O
of O
Unita B-ORG
generals O
to O
the O
joint O
army O
, O
September O
5 O
for O
the O
beginning O
of O
the O
formation O
of O
the O
Government B-ORG
of I-ORG
National I-ORG
Unity I-ORG
and I-ORG
Reconciliation I-ORG
. O

Until O
this O
date O
the O
free O
circulation O
of O
peoples O
and O
goods O
should O
be O
guaranteed O
, O
the O
government O
administration O
installed O
in O
all O
areas O
and O
the O
Unita B-ORG
deputies O
should O
occupy O
their O
places O
in O
the O
National B-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
. O

The O
president O
justified O
his O
proposal O
by O
the O
delays O
verified O
in O
the O
peace O
process O
, O
including O
the O
fact O
that O
areas O
under O
Unita B-ORG
control O
or O
occupation O
have O
not O
been O
effectively O
demilitarised O
, O
where O
the O
Unita B-ORG
military O
forces O
have O
been O
substituted O
by O
their O
so-called O
police O
. O

- O
President O
Dos B-PER
Santos I-PER
proposes O
the O
establishment O
by O
UN B-ORG
Security I-ORG
Council I-ORG
of O
definitive O
and O
final O
timetable O
for O
the O
tasks O
and O
obligations O
under O
the O
Lusaka B-MISC
Agreement I-MISC
and O
the O
sending O
of O
a O
mission O
of O
SC B-ORG
, O
as O
soon O
as O
possible O
, O
to O
supervise O
the O
execution O
of O
the O
agreement O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FORECAST O
- O
S.AFRICAN B-MISC
COMPANY O
RESULTS O
CONSENSUS O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Analysts O
estimates O
of O
major O

South B-MISC
African I-MISC
company O
results O
expected O
next O
week O
include O
the O

following O
( O
all O
figures O
cents O
per O
share O
) O
: O

DAY--COMPANY----PERIOD--CONSENSUS----RANGE-------PVS O

MON O
Gencor B-ORG
YR O
EPS O
93.12 O
92.0-94.5 O
73.8 O

MON O
Gencor B-ORG
YR O
DIV O
25.75 O
25.0-27.0 O
20.0 O

MON O
Primedia B-ORG
YR O
EPS O
N O
/ O
A O
149.1 O

MON O
Primedia B-ORG
YR O
DIV O
N O
/ O
A O
123.2 O

MON O
Distillers B-ORG
YR O
EPS O
N O
/ O
A O
71.8 O

MON O
Distillers B-ORG
YR O
DIV O
N O
/ O
A O
49.0 O

TUE O
Iscor B-ORG
YR O
EPS O
29.7 O
26.0-32.0 O
38.0 O

TUE O
Iscor B-ORG
YR O
DIV O
15.0 O
14.5-16.5 O
16.5 O

TUE O
McCarthy B-ORG
YR O
EPS O
125.3 O
112.0-149.0 O
93.2 O

TUE O
McCarthy B-ORG
YR O
DIV O
36.8 O
32.0-43.0 O
28.0 O

WED O
Imphold B-ORG
YR O
EPS O
172.7 O
170.4-175.0 O
115.1 O

WED O
Imphold B-ORG
YR O
DIV O
67.5 O
66.6-68.4 O
45.0 O

THU O
M&R B-ORG
YR O
EPS O
113.0 O
112.1-113.4 O
126.0 O

THU O
M&R B-ORG
YR O
DIV O
31.7 O
10.5-42.3 O
47.0 O

THU O
JD B-ORG
Group I-ORG
YR O
EPS O
143.7 O
138.0-149.0 O
111.2 O

THU O
JD B-ORG
Group I-ORG
YR O
DIV O
41.8 O
41.0-42.5 O
33.0 O

ooOOoo O

-- O
Johannesburg B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+27 O
11 O
482 O
1003 O

-DOCSTART- O

Ulster B-ORG
Petroleums I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
Q2 O
net O
profit O
falls O
. O

CALGARY B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

1996 O
1995 O

Shr O
C$ B-MISC
0.04 O
C$ B-MISC
0.08 O

Net O
1,196 O
2,232 O

Cash O
flow O
/ O
shr O
0.39 O
0.41 O

Revs O
20,167 O
18,623 O

6 O
MONTHS O

Shr O
C$ B-MISC
0.12 O
C$ B-MISC
0.15 O

Net O
3,674 O
4,271 O

Cash O
flow O
/ O
shr O
0.86 O
0.81 O

Revs O
41,752 O
35,711 O

( O
All O
data O
above O
000s O
except O
per O
share O
numbers O
) O

-- O
Reuters B-ORG
Toronto I-ORG
Bureau I-ORG
416 O
941-8100 O

-DOCSTART- O

Nigerian B-MISC
terms O
jeopardize O
Commonwealth B-ORG
trip-Canada B-MISC
. O

OTTAWA B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Commonwealth B-ORG
ministers O
concerned O
about O
human O
rights O
in O
Nigeria B-LOC
may O
cancel O
a O
planned O
trip O
there O
because O
of O
government O
restrictions O
on O
their O
mission O
, O
Canadian B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Lloyd B-PER
Axworthy I-PER
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
The O
reaction O
of O
the O
regime O
there O
is O
such O
that O
many O
of O
us O
feel O
that O
the O
mission O
under O
the O
present O
circumstances O
should O
n't O
go O
ahead O
, O
" O
Axworthy B-PER
said O
. O

Commonwealth B-ORG
foreign O
ministers O
will O
meet O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
to O
discuss O
what O
to O
do O
, O
he O
added O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Mid-tier O
golds O
up O
in O
heavy O
trading O
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Investors O
gave O
into O
gold O
fever O
Friday O
morning O
, O
with O
heavy O
trading O
in O
a O
handful O
of O
Toronto-based B-MISC
gold O
companies O
. O

TVX B-ORG
Gold I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
was O
up O
C$ B-MISC
0.30 O
to O
C$ B-MISC
11.55 O
in O
trading O
of O
780,000 O
shares O
, O
while O
Kinross B-ORG
Gold I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
gained O
C$ B-MISC
0.25 O
to O
C$ B-MISC
11 O
in O
volume O
of O
720,000 O
shares O
. O

And O
Scorpion B-ORG
Minerals I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
a O
junior O
gold O
exploration O
company O
with O
five O
Indonesian B-MISC
mining O
properties O
, O
was O
up O
C$ B-MISC
0.50 O
to O
C$ B-MISC
6 O
, O
with O
about O
120,000 O
shares O
changing O
hands O
. O

TVX B-ORG
and O
Kinross B-ORG
rose O
after O
recent O
buy O
recommendations O
from O
U.S. B-LOC
brokers O
, O
analysts O
said O
. O

But O
Scorpion B-ORG
was O
raising O
a O
lot O
of O
eyebrows O
after O
it O
issued O
a O
release O
Friday O
morning O
saying O
it O
was O
not O
aware O
of O
any O
developments O
that O
could O
have O
affected O
the O
stock O
. O

The O
company O
was O
formed O
this O
year O
and O
a O
couple O
of O
analysts O
have O
been O
on O
their O
properties O
, O
said O
one O
analyst O
. O

Exploration O
results O
are O
expected O
soon O
. O

-- O
Reuters B-ORG
Toronto I-ORG
Bureau I-ORG
416 O
941-8100 O

-DOCSTART- O

RESEARCH O
ALERT O
- O
Unitog B-ORG
Co I-ORG
upgraded O
. O

- O
Barrington B-ORG
Research I-ORG
Associates I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
Friday O
it O
upgraded O
Unitog B-ORG
Co I-ORG
to O
a O
near-term O
outperform O
from O
a O
long-term O
outperform O
rating O
. O

- O
Analyst O
Alexander B-PER
Paris I-PER
said O
he O
expected O
consistent O
20 O
percent O
earnings O
growth O
after O
an O
estimated O
gain O
of O
18 O
percent O
for O
1996 O
. O

- O
The O
stock O
closed O
unchanged O
at O
27 O
, O
down O
from O
a O
recent O
high O
of O
30 O
. O

-- O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
, O
312-408-8787 O

-DOCSTART- O

Buffett B-PER
raises O
Property B-ORG
Capital I-ORG
stake O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Omaha B-LOC
billionaire O
Warren B-PER
Buffett I-PER
said O
Friday O
he O
raised O
his O
stake O
in O
Property B-ORG
Capital I-ORG
Trust I-ORG
to O
8.0 O
percent O
from O
6.7 O
percent O
. O

In O
a O
filing O
with O
the O
Securities B-ORG
and I-ORG
Exchnage I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
, O
Buffett B-PER
said O
he O
bought O
62,900 O
additional O
common O
shares O
of O
the O
Boston-based B-MISC
real O
estate O
investment O
trust O
at O
prices O
ranging O
from O
$ O
7.65 O
to O
$ O
8.02 O
a O
share O
. O

The O
purchases O
increased O
his O
holding O
in O
the O
company O
to O
725,900 O
shares O
, O
which O
was O
purchased O
for O
a O
total O
of O
$ O
6.2 O
million O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Buffett B-PER
, O
who O
is O
well-known O
as O
a O
long-term O
investor O
, O
is O
chairman O
of O
Berkshire B-ORG
Hathaway I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
a O
holding O
company O
through O
which O
he O
holds O
investments O
in O
several O
large O
U.S. B-LOC
companies O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Colombia B-LOC
, O
U.S. B-LOC
reach O
aviation O
agreement O
. O

MIAMI B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

The O
U.S. B-LOC
and O
Colombian B-MISC
governments O
reached O
an O
agreement O
that O
will O
allow O
AMR B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
's O
American B-ORG
Airlines I-ORG
to O
operate O
three O
round-trip O
flights O
between O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
and O
Bogota B-LOC
, O
the O
Department B-ORG
of I-ORG
Transportation I-ORG
said O
Friday O
. O

Under O
the O
agreement O
, O
which O
followed O
talks O
in O
Miami B-LOC
this O
week O
, O
AMR B-ORG
also O
will O
be O
allowed O
to O
shift O
up O
to O
four O
of O
the O
weekly O
flights O
it O
now O
operates O
between O
Miami B-LOC
and O
Colombia B-LOC
to O
its O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
gateway O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
also O
will O
be O
able O
to O
designate O
one O
new O
all-cargo O
carrier O
for O
service O
between O
the O
two O
nations O
after O
two O
years O
. O

Colombia B-LOC
was O
permitted O
to O
add O
a O
single O
additional O
round-trip O
flight O
to O
its O
current O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
service O
, O
although O
it O
will O
not O
be O
able O
to O
do O
so O
while O
under O
Category O
Two O
( O
Conditional O
) O
status O
under O
the O
Federal B-ORG
Aviation I-ORG
Administration I-ORG
's O
International B-MISC
Aviation I-MISC
Safety I-MISC
program I-MISC
. O

Colombia B-LOC
would O
be O
allowed O
to O
add O
new O
service O
when O
its O
safety O
assessment O
has O
been O
improved O
, O
the O
department O
said O
. O

With O
the O
exception O
of O
the O
new O
services O
just O
agreed O
to O
, O
the O
governments O
of O
the O
two O
nations O
have O
agreed O
to O
maintain O
their O
current O
level O
of O
routes O
and O
airlines O
for O
the O
next O
2-1/2 O
years O
, O
the O
agreement O
said O
. O

The O
agreement O
resolved O
a O
dispute O
that O
arose O
in O
June O
when O
Colombia B-LOC
turned O
down O
American B-ORG
's O
request O
to O
operate O
flights O
between O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
and O
Bogota B-LOC
, O
a O
denial O
that O
prompted O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
to O
charge O
that O
the O
Colombians B-MISC
were O
breaking O
a O
bilateral O
aviation O
agreement O
and O
to O
propose O
sanctions O
against O
one O
of O
two O
Colombian B-MISC
airlines O
, O
Avianca B-ORG
and O
ACES B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Clean O
tanker O
fixtures O
and O
enquiries O
- O
1754 O
GMT B-MISC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

LATEST O
FIXTURES O

- O
MIDEAST B-LOC
GULF I-LOC
/ O
RED B-LOC
SEA I-LOC

Konpolis B-ORG
75 O
1/9 O
Mideast B-LOC
/ O
Indonesia B-LOC
W112.5 O
KPC B-ORG
. O

TBN B-ORG
30 O
6/9 O
Mideast B-LOC
/ O
W.C. B-LOC
India I-LOC
W200 O
, O
E.C.India B-LOC
W195 O
IOC B-ORG
. O

- O
ASIA B-LOC
PACIFIC I-LOC

Petrobulk B-ORG
Rainbow I-ORG
28 O
24/8 O
Okinawa B-LOC
/ O
Inchon B-LOC
$ O
190,000 O
Honam B-ORG
. O

- O
MED B-LOC
/ O
BLACK B-LOC
SEA I-LOC

TBN B-ORG
30 O
15/9 O
Constanza B-LOC
/ O
Inia B-LOC
$ O
700,000 O
IOC B-ORG
. O

- O
UK B-LOC
/ O
CONT O

Port B-ORG
Christine I-ORG
36,5 O
3/9 O
Pembroke B-LOC
/ O
US B-LOC
W145 O
Stentex B-ORG
. O

- O
WESTERN B-LOC
HEMISPHERE I-LOC

Kpaitan B-ORG
Stankov I-ORG
69 O
31/8 O
St B-LOC
Croix I-LOC
/ O
USAC B-LOC
W125 O
Hess B-ORG
. O

AP B-ORG
Moller I-ORG
30 O
31/8 O
Caribs B-LOC
/ O
Japan B-LOC
$ O
875,000 O
BP B-ORG
. O

Tiber B-ORG
29 O
2/9 O
Caribs B-LOC
/ O
options O
W265 O
Stinnes B-ORG
. O

------------------------------------------------------------ O

- O
MIDDAY O
FIXTURES O

- O
MIDEAST B-LOC
GULF I-LOC
/ O
RED B-LOC
SEA I-LOC

Tenacity B-ORG
70 O
24/08 O
Mideast B-LOC
/ O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
W145 O
Samsung B-ORG
. O

SKS B-ORG
Tana I-ORG
70 O
03/09 O
Mideast B-LOC
/ O
Japan B-LOC
W145 O
CNR B-ORG
. O

Northsea B-ORG
Chaser I-ORG
55 O
12/09 O
Mideast B-LOC
/ O
Japan B-LOC
W167.5 O
Jomo B-ORG
. O

Sibonina B-ORG
55 O
13/09 O
Red B-LOC
Sea I-LOC
/ O
Japan B-LOC
W160 O
Marubeni B-ORG
. O

- O
ASIA B-LOC
/ O
PACIFIC B-LOC

Neptune B-ORG
Crux I-ORG
30 O
02/09 O
Singapore B-LOC
/ O
options O
$ O
185,000 O
Sietco B-ORG
. O

World B-ORG
Bridge I-ORG
30 O
03/09 O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
/ O
Japan B-LOC
rnr O
CNR B-ORG
. O

Fulmar B-ORG
30 O
28/08 O
Ulsan B-LOC
/ O
Yosu B-LOC
$ O
105,000 O
LG B-ORG
Caltex I-ORG
. O

- O
MED B-LOC
/ O
BLACK B-LOC
SEA I-LOC

Hemina B-ORG
33 O
05/09 O
Eleusis B-ORG
/ O
UKCM B-ORG
W155 O
CNR B-ORG
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+44 O
171 O
542 O
8980 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
229-1 O
V O
ENGLAND B-LOC
- O
close O
. O

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
not O
out O
116 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
c O
Cork B-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
46 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
not O
out O
58 O

Extras O
9 O

Fall O
of O
wicket O
- O
1-106 O

To O
bat O
- O
Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
, O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
, O
Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
, O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
, O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
, O
Mohammad B-PER
Akam I-PER

England B-LOC
326 O
all O
out O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Golf O
: O
Norman B-PER
sacks O
his O
coach O
after O
disappointing O
season O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

World O
number O
one O
golfer O
Greg B-PER
Norman I-PER
has O
sacked O
his O
coach O
Butch B-PER
Harmon I-PER
after O
a O
disappointing O
season O
. O

" O
Butch B-PER
and O
I O
are O
finished O
, O
" O
Norman B-PER
told O
reporters O
on O
Thursday O
before O
the O
start O
of O
the O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
in O
Akron B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
. O

Norman B-PER
, O
a O
two-time O
British B-MISC
Open I-MISC
champion O
, O
parted O
ways O
with O
his O
long-time O
mentor O
after O
drawing O
a O
blank O
in O
this O
year O
's O
four O
majors O
, O
winning O
two O
tournaments O
worldwide O
. O

The O
blonde O
Australian B-MISC
opened O
with O
a O
level O
par O
round O
of O
70 O
in O
Akron B-LOC
, O
leaving O
him O
four O
shots O
adrift O
of O
the O
leaders O
, O
Americans B-MISC
Billy B-PER
Mayfair I-PER
and O
Paul B-PER
Goydos I-PER
and O
Japan B-LOC
's O
Hidemichi B-PER
Tanaki I-PER
. O

On O
Wednesday O
Norman B-PER
described O
this O
year O
as O
his O
worst O
on O
the O
professional O
circuit O
since O
1991 O
, O
when O
he O
failed O
to O
win O
a O
tournament O
. O

" O
My O
application O
this O
year O
has O
been O
strange O
, O
" O
Norman B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Maybe O
I O
have O
n't O
been O
as O
keyed O
up O
as O
I O
should O
have O
been O
. O
" O

" O
Sometimes O
you O
do O
n't O
have O
it O
in O
your O
head O
to O
play O
. O

Maybe O
this O
was O
one O
of O
those O
years O
where O
I O
was O
there O
, O
but O
I O
was O
n't O
100 O
percent O
there O
, O
and O
you O
have O
to O
be O
100 O
percent O
to O
perform O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

Soccer O
- O
Arab B-MISC
team O
breaks O
new O
ground O
in O
Israel B-LOC
. O

Ori B-PER
Lewis I-PER

TAIBE B-LOC
, O
Israel B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

For O
the O
first O
time O
in O
Israeli B-MISC
history O
, O
an O
Arab B-MISC
team O
will O
take O
the O
field O
when O
the O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
soccer O
season O
starts O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Hapoel B-ORG
Taibe I-ORG
fields O
four O
Jewish B-MISC
players O
and O
two O
foreign O
imports O
-- O
a O
Pole B-MISC
and O
a O
Romanian B-MISC
. O

The O
rest O
of O
the O
side O
is O
made O
up O
mainly O
of O
Moslem B-MISC
Arabs I-MISC
. O

The O
club O
, O
founded O
in O
1961 O
, O
has O
a O
loyal O
following O
in O
Taibe B-LOC
, O
an O
Arab B-MISC
town O
of O
28,000 O
in O
the O
heart O
of O
Israel B-LOC
. O

But O
away O
from O
their O
home O
ground O
, O
they O
face O
unfriendly O
crowds O
who O
taunt O
the O
players O
with O
racist O
abuse O
. O

" O
The O
very O
first O
thing O
we O
thought O
about O
after O
we O
knew O
we O
would O
be O
promoted O
was O
the O
game O
against O
Betar B-ORG
Jerusalem I-ORG
, O
" O
said O
Taibe B-ORG
supporter O
Karem B-PER
Haj I-PER
Yihye I-PER
. O

Two O
weeks O
ago O
Taibe B-ORG
, O
coached O
by O
Pole B-MISC
Wojtek B-PER
Lazarek I-PER
, O
met O
Betar B-ORG
, O
a O
club O
closely O
associated O
with O
the O
right-wing O
Likud B-ORG
party O
, O
for O
the O
first O
time O
in O
a O
Cup B-MISC
match O
in O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

Chants O
from O
the O
crowd O
of O
" O
Death O
to O
the O
Arabs B-MISC
" O
, O
and O
bottle-throwing O
during O
the O
game O
marred O
the O
match O
which O
ended O
in O
a O
goalless O
draw O
. O

One O
Taibe B-ORG
supporter O
required O
hospital O
treatment O
for O
cuts O
and O
bruises O
after O
a O
stone O
struck O
his O
head O
as O
he O
was O
driving O
from O
the O
stadium O
. O

" O
We O
're O
used O
to O
hearing O
the O
taunts O
of O
" O
Death O
to O
the O
Arabs B-MISC
' O
, O
" O
said O
Sameh B-PER
Haj I-PER
Yihye I-PER
, O
a O
Taibe B-LOC
resident O
who O
studies O
at O
Jerusalem B-LOC
's O
Hebrew B-ORG
University I-ORG
. O
" O

But O
we O
know O
that O
these O
are O
only O
words O
, O
nobody O
has O
died O
from O
hearing O
them O
and O
it O
only O
makes O
us O
support O
our O
team O
more O
vehemently O
. O
" O

The O
dusty O
town O
of O
Taibe B-LOC
lacks O
the O
amenities O
of O
Jewish B-MISC
communities O
and O
many O
Israeli B-MISC
Arabs I-MISC
have O
long O
complained O
of O
state O
discrimination O
. O

" O
There O
are O
no O
parks O
or O
empty O
areas O
of O
land O
around O
here O
, O
so O
when O
we O
want O
to O
play O
a O
friendly O
game O
of O
soccer O
we O
all O
load O
up O
in O
the O
car O
and O
travel O
to O
Tel B-LOC
Aviv I-LOC
, O
" O
60 O
km O
( O
36 O
miles O
) O
away O
, O
Sameh B-PER
Haj I-PER
Yihye I-PER
said O
. O

The O
town O
's O
ramshackle O
2,500-seat O
ground O
is O
accessible O
only O
by O
two O
dirt O
tracks O
. O

" O
We O
plan O
to O
build O
a O
10,000-seat O
stadium O
, O
but O
it O
may O
well O
be O
situated O
elsewhere O
, O
" O
said O
club O
chairman O
Abdul B-PER
Rahman I-PER
Haj I-PER
Yihye I-PER
. O
" O

We O
will O
discuss O
this O
with O
the O
mayor O
and O
hopefully O
a O
new O
or O
refurbished O
ground O
will O
be O
completed O
by O
the O
start O
of O
the O
new O
year O
. O
" O

In O
the O
meantime O
, O
Taibe B-ORG
will O
play O
all O
their O
heavily O
policed O
home O
matches O
at O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
coastal O
town O
of O
Netanya B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
are O
Israelis B-MISC
, O
there O
is O
no O
question O
about O
that O
, O
" O
said O
Karem B-PER
Haj I-PER
Yihye I-PER
, O
a O
hotel O
waiter O
. O

" O
We O
do O
n't O
have O
any O
connection O
with O
the O
Palestinians B-MISC
, O
they O
live O
over O
there O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
pointing O
to O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
seven O
km O
( O
four O
miles O
) O
to O
the O
east O
. O

" O
We O
do O
n't O
feel O
our O
club O
represents O
Palestinian B-MISC
Arabs I-MISC
, O
" O
said O
club O
chairman O
Abdul B-PER
Rahman I-PER
. O
" O

We O
are O
trying O
to O
do O
all O
we O
can O
to O
run O
a O
professional O
outfit O
, O
we O
are O
pleased O
at O
any O
support O
we O
get O
, O
but O
do O
not O
go O
out O
looking O
to O
represent O
the O
whole O
Arab B-MISC
world O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Soccer O
- O
Kennedy B-PER
and O
Phelan B-PER
both O
out O
of O
Irish B-MISC
squad O
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Two O
players O
have O
withdrawn O
from O
the O
Republic B-LOC
of I-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
squad O
for O
the O
1998 O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifying O
match O
against O
Liechenstein B-LOC
on O
August O
31 O
, O
the O
Football B-ORG
Association I-ORG
of I-ORG
Ireland I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
F.A.I. B-ORG
statement O
said O
that O
Liverpool B-ORG
striker O
Mark B-PER
Kennedy I-PER
and O
Chelsea B-ORG
defender O
Terry B-PER
Phelan I-PER
were O
both O
receiving O
treatment O
for O
injuries O
and O
would O
not O
be O
travelling O
to O
Liechenstein B-LOC
for O
the O
game O
. O

No O
replacements O
had O
been O
named O
. O

-- O
Damien B-PER
Lynch I-PER
, O
Dublin B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+353 O
1 O
6603377 O

-DOCSTART- O

Soccer O
- O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
face O
Juventus B-ORG
in O
Europe B-LOC
. O

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

European B-MISC
champions O
Juventus B-ORG
will O
face O
English B-MISC
league O
and O
cup O
double O
winners O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
in O
this O
season O
's O
European B-MISC
Champions I-MISC
' I-MISC
League I-MISC
. O

The O
draw O
made O
on O
Friday O
pitted O
Juventus B-ORG
, O
who O
beat O
Dutch B-MISC
champions O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
4-2 O
on O
penalties O
in O
last O
year O
's O
final O
, O
against O
Alex B-PER
Ferguson I-PER
's O
European B-MISC
hopefuls O
in O
group O
C O
. O

The O
other O
two O
teams O
in O
the O
group O
are O
last O
season O
's O
Cup B-MISC
Winners I-MISC
' I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
runners-up O
Rapid B-ORG
Vienna I-ORG
and O
Fenerbahce B-ORG
of O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

Juventus B-ORG
meet O
United B-ORG
in O
Turin B-LOC
on O
September O
11 O
, O
with O
the O
return O
match O
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
on O
November O
20 O
. O

United B-ORG
have O
dominated O
the O
premier O
league O
in O
the O
1990s O
, O
winning O
three O
English B-MISC
championships O
in O
four O
years O
, O
but O
have O
consistently O
failed O
in O
Europe B-LOC
, O
crashing O
out O
of O
the O
European B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
to O
Galatasaray B-ORG
of O
Turkey B-LOC
and O
Spain B-LOC
's O
Barcelona B-ORG
at O
their O
last O
two O
attempts O
. O

They O
have O
not O
lifted O
a O
European B-MISC
Trophy I-MISC
since O
1991 O
when O
they O
beat O
Barcelona B-ORG
in O
the O
Cup B-MISC
Winners I-MISC
' I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
final O
, O
and O
their O
one O
and O
only O
European B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
triumph O
was O
way O
back O
in O
1968 O
, O
when O
they O
beat O
Benfica B-ORG
of O
Portugal B-LOC
4-1 O
at O
Wembley B-LOC
. O

Juventus B-ORG
have O
won O
the O
European B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
twice O
. O

Before O
conquering O
Ajax B-ORG
last O
year O
they O
beat O
United B-ORG
's O
big O
English B-MISC
rivals O
Liverpool B-ORG
in O
the O
ill-fated O
1985 O
final O
in O
the O
Heysel B-LOC
stadium O
in O
Brussels B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nigeria B-LOC
police O
kill O
six O
robbery O
suspects O
. O

LAGOS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Nigerian B-MISC
police O
shot O
dead O
six O
robbery O
suspects O
as O
they O
tried O
to O
escape O
from O
custody O
in O
the O
northern O
city O
of O
Sokoto B-LOC
, O
the O
national O
news O
agency O
reported O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
News B-ORG
Agency I-ORG
of I-ORG
Nigeria I-ORG
( O
NAN B-ORG
) O
quoted O
police O
spokesman O
Umar B-PER
Shelling I-PER
as O
saying O
the O
six O
were O
killed O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

They O
had O
been O
arrested O
last O
week O
for O
stealing O
800,000 O
naira O
( O
$ O
10,000 O
) O
from O
a O
sheep O
merchant O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Rwandan B-MISC
group O
says O
expulsion O
could O
be O
imminent O
. O

NAIROBI B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Repatriation O
of O
1.1 O
million O
Rwandan B-MISC
Hutu I-MISC
refugees O
announced O
by O
Zaire B-LOC
and O
Rwanda B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
could O
start O
within O
the O
next O
few O
days O
, O
an O
exiled O
Rwandan B-MISC
Hutu I-MISC
lobby O
group O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Innocent B-PER
Butare I-PER
, O
executive O
secretary O
of O
the O
Rally B-ORG
for I-ORG
the I-ORG
Return I-ORG
of I-ORG
Refugees I-ORG
and I-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
in I-ORG
Rwanda I-ORG
( O
RDR B-ORG
) O
which O
says O
it O
has O
the O
support O
of O
Rwanda B-LOC
's O
exiled O
Hutus B-MISC
, O
appealed O
to O
the O
international O
community O
to O
deter O
the O
two O
countries O
from O
going O
ahead O
with O
what O
it O
termed O
a O
" O
forced O
and O
inhuman O
action O
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Orthodox O
church O
blown O
up O
in O
southern O
Croatia B-LOC
. O

ZAGREB B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Saboteurs O
blew O
up O
a O
Serb B-MISC
orthodox O
church O
in O
southern O
Croatia B-LOC
on O
Friday O
with O
a O
blast O
which O
also O
damaged O
four O
nearby O
homes O
, O
the O
state O
news O
agency O
Hina B-ORG
reported O
. O

HINA B-ORG
said O
the O
church O
in O
the O
small O
village O
of O
Karin B-LOC
Gornji I-LOC
, O
30 O
km O
( O
19 O
miles O
) O
north O
of O
Zadar B-LOC
, O
was O
destroyed O
by O
the O
morning O
attack O
. O

It O
did O
not O
report O
any O
casualties O
. O

Zadar B-LOC
police O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
they O
had O
launched O
an O
investigation O
and O
were O
doing O
their O
best O
to O
find O
the O
perpetrators O
. O

HINA B-ORG
said O
it O
was O
the O
first O
time O
an O
orthodox O
church O
had O
been O
blown O
up O
in O
the O
Zadar B-LOC
hinterland O
, O
where O
a O
large O
number O
of O
Serbs B-MISC
lived O
before O
the O
1991 O
war O
over O
Croatia B-LOC
's O
independence O
from O
the O
Yugoslav B-MISC
federation O
. O

The O
area O
was O
part O
of O
the O
self-styled O
state O
of O
Krajina B-LOC
proclaimed O
by O
minority O
Serbs B-MISC
in O
1991 O
and O
recaptured O
by O
the O
Croatian B-MISC
army O
last O
year O
. O

Up O
to O
200,000 O
Serbs B-MISC
fled O
to O
Bosnia B-LOC
and O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
, O
leaving O
Krajina B-LOC
vacant O
and O
depopulated O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hungary B-LOC
's O
gross O
foreign O
debt O
rises O
in O
June O
. O

BUDAPEST B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Hungary B-LOC
's O
gross O
foreign O
debt O
rose O
to O
$ O
27.53 O
billion O
in O
June O
from O
$ O
27.25 O
billion O
in O
May O
, O
the O

National B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Hungary I-ORG
( O
NBH B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

FIGURES O
IN O
$ O
MILLION O
June O
1996 O
May O
1996 O

Gross O
foreign O
debt O
27,535.5 O
27,246.5 O

International O
reserves O
and O

other O
foreign O
assets O
13,256.5 O
12,855.7 O

Net O
foreign O
debt O
14,278.9 O
14,390.7 O

Net O
foreign O
debt O
of O
the O

government O
and O
NBH B-ORG
9,510.9 O
10,056.4 O

-- O
Budapest B-LOC
newsroom O
( O
36 O
1 O
) O
266 O
2410 O

-DOCSTART- O

Germany B-LOC
, O
Poland B-LOC
tighten O
cooperation O
against O
crime O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Germany B-LOC
and O
Poland B-LOC
agreed O
on O
Friday O
to O
tighten O
cooperation O
between O
their O
intelligence O
services O
in O
fighting O
international O
organised O
crime O
, O
PAP B-ORG
news O
agency O
reported O
. O

Interior B-ORG
Minister O
Zbigniew B-PER
Siemiatkowski I-PER
and O
Bernd B-PER
Schmidbauer I-PER
, O
German B-MISC
intelligence O
co-ordinator O
in O
Helmut B-PER
Kohl I-PER
's O
chancellery O
, O
sealed O
the O
closer O
links O
during O
talks O
in O
Warsaw B-LOC
. O

Ministry O
spokesman O
Ryszard B-PER
Hincza I-PER
told O
the O
Polish B-MISC
agency O
the O
services O
would O
work O
together O
against O
mafia-style O
groups O
, O
drug O
smuggling O
and O
illegal O
trade O
in O
arms O
and O
radioactive O
materials O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Russians B-MISC
, O
Chechens B-MISC
say O
observing O
Grozny B-LOC
ceasefire O
. O

GROZNY B-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Rebel O
fighters O
and O
Russian B-MISC
soldiers O
said O
a O
ceasefire O
effective O
at O
noon O
( O
0800 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
on O
Friday O
was O
being O
generally O
observed O
, O
although O
scattered O
gunfire O
echoed O
through O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
. O

The O
Russian B-MISC
army O
said O
earlier O
it O
was O
preparing O
to O
withdraw O
from O
the O
rebel-dominated O
southern O
mountains O
of O
the O
region O
as O
part O
of O
the O
peace O
deal O
reached O
with O
separatists O
on O
Thursday O
. O

" O
There O
has O
been O
some O
shooting O
from O
their O
side O
but O
it O
has O
been O
relatively O
quiet O
, O
" O
said O
fighter O
Aslan B-PER
Shabazov I-PER
, O
a O
bearded O
man O
wearing O
a O
white O
t-shirt O
and O
camoflage O
trousers O
. O

Soon O
after O
he O
spoke O
another O
burst O
of O
gunfire O
rocked O
the O
courtyard O
where O
the O
rebels O
had O
set O
up O
their O
base O
and O
a O
captured O
Russian B-MISC
T-72 B-MISC
tank O
roared O
out O
to O
investigate O
. O

The O
separatists O
, O
who O
swept O
into O
Grozny B-LOC
on O
August O
6 O
, O
still O
control O
large O
areas O
of O
the O
centre O
of O
town O
, O
and O
Russian B-MISC
soldiers O
are O
based O
at O
checkpoints O
on O
the O
approach O
roads O
. O

" O
The O
ceasefire O
is O
being O
observed O
, O
" O
said O
woman O
soldier O
Svetlana B-PER
Goncharova I-PER
, O
35 O
, O
short O
dark O
hair O
poking O
out O
from O
under O
a O
peaked O
camouflage O
cap O
. O

A O
few O
helicopters O
flew O
overhead O
, O
firing O
off O
flares O
, O
but O
there O
was O
no O
shooting O
from O
the O
air O
. O

The O
truce O
, O
the O
latest O
of O
several O
, O
was O
agreed O
in O
talks O
on O
Thursday O
between O
Russian B-MISC
peacemaker O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
and O
rebel O
chief-of-staff O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
. O

The O
two O
also O
agreed O
to O
set O
up O
joint O
patrols O
in O
Grozny B-LOC
, O
but O
Goncharova B-PER
said O
she O
was O
sceptical O
about O
whether O
this O
could O
work O
. O

" O
We O
have O
to O
try O
it O
, O
but O
I O
doubt O
if O
this O
is O
possible O
with O
the O
separatists O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

WEATHER O
- O
Conditions O
at O
CIS B-LOC
airports O
- O
August O
23 O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

No O
closures O
of O
airports O
in O
the O
Commonwealth B-LOC
of I-LOC
Independent I-LOC
States I-LOC
are O
expected O
on O
August O
24 O
and O
August O
25 O
, O
the O
Russian B-ORG
Weather I-ORG
Service I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

-- O
Moscow B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+7095 O
941 O
8520 O

-DOCSTART- O

Granic B-PER
arrives O
to O
sign O
Croatia-Yugoslavia B-LOC
treaty O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Yugoslavia B-LOC
and O
Croatia B-LOC
were O
poised O
on O
Friday O
to O
sign O
a O
landmark O
normalisation O
treaty O
ending O
five O
years O
of O
tensions O
and O
paving O
way O
for O
stabilisation O
in O
the O
Balkans B-LOC
. O

Croatian B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Mate B-PER
Granic I-PER
landed O
at O
Belgrade B-LOC
airport O
aboard O
a O
Croatian B-MISC
government O
jet O
on O
Friday O
morning O
for O
talks O
with O
his O
Yugoslav B-MISC
counterparts O
and O
a O
signing O
ceremony O
expected O
around O
noon O
( O
1000 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
. O

On O
Thursday O
the O
Yugoslav B-MISC
government O
endorsed O
the O
text O
of O
the O
agreement O
on O
normalising O
relations O
between O
the O
two O
countries O
, O
the O
Yugoslav B-MISC
news O
agency O
Tanjug B-ORG
said O
. O

" O
The O
government O
assessed O
the O
agreement O
as O
a O
crucial O
step O
to O
resolving O
the O
Yugoslav B-MISC
crisis O
, O
ensuring O
the O
restoration O
of O
peace O
in O
former O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

Last-minute O
talks O
this O
week O
on O
the O
legal O
fine O
print O
finally O
cleared O
the O
way O
for O
a O
treaty O
based O
on O
mutual O
recognition O
within O
internationally O
recognised O
borders O
and O
the O
establishment O
of O
diplomatic O
relations O
, O
diplomats O
said O
. O

The O
pact O
ends O
five O
years O
of O
hostility O
after O
Croatia B-LOC
's O
secession O
from O
federal O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
. O

Western B-MISC
powers O
regard O
diplomatic O
normalisation O
between O
Croatia B-LOC
and O
Serbia B-LOC
, O
twin O
pillars O
of O
the O
old O
multinational O
federal O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
, O
as O
a O
crucial O
step O
towards O
a O
lasting O
peace O
in O
the O
Balkans B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ecuador B-LOC
president O
to O
lunch O
with O
ethnic O
Indians B-MISC
. O

QUITO B-LOC
, O
Ecuador B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Ecuador B-LOC
's O
President O
Abdala B-PER
Bucaram I-PER
has O
announced O
he O
will O
hold O
regular O
lunches O
in O
his O
presidential O
palace O
for O
members O
of O
the O
country O
's O
different O
ethnic O
groups O
as O
of O
next O
week O
. O

" O
It O
was O
about O
time O
for O
the O
Indians B-MISC
, O
the O
blacks O
and O
the O
mixed-bloods O
to O
begin O
eating O
in O
the O
palace O
with O
their O
president O
because O
this O
is O
not O
a O
palace O
exclusively O
for O
the O
potentates O
and O
ambassadors O
and O
protocol O
, O
" O
Bucaram B-PER
said O
late O
on O
Thursday O
. O

" O
In O
these O
weekly O
lunches O
we O
are O
going O
to O
get O
to O
know O
the O
problems O
of O
the O
Indian B-MISC
, O
mixed-race O
, O
black O
and O
peasant O
sectors O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

He O
has O
invited O
35 O
Indian B-MISC
leaders O
to O
lunch O
next O
Tuesday O
. O

Bucaram B-PER
, O
who O
was O
elected O
on O
a O
populist O
platform O
last O
month O
, O
also O
plans O
to O
create O
a O
ministry O
for O
ethnic O
cultures O
. O

The O
Andean B-MISC
nation O
's O
population O
of O
11.4 O
million O
is O
47 O
percent O
indigenous O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Brazil B-LOC
to O
use O
hovercrafts O
for O
Amazon B-LOC
travel O
. O

BRASILIA B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

Hovercrafts O
will O
soon O
be O
plying O
the O
waters O
of O
the O
Amazon B-LOC
in O
a O
bid O
to O
reduce O
the O
difficulties O
of O
transportation O
on O
the O
vast O
Brazilian B-MISC
waterway O
, O
the O
government O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Two O
Russian-built B-MISC
hovercrafts O
, O
capable O
of O
carrying O
up O
to O
50 O
tons O
each O
, O
will O
begin O
ferrying O
passengers O
and O
cargo O
up O
and O
down O
the O
huge O
river O
from O
its O
mouth O
at O
Belem B-LOC
by O
the O
end O
of O
the O
year O
, O
Brazil B-LOC
's O
Amazon B-ORG
Affairs I-ORG
Department I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
use O
of O
riverways O
in O
the O
region O
has O
been O
made O
a O
priority O
under O
a O
government O
plan O
for O
the O
Amazon B-LOC
and O
the O
high-speed O
hovercraft O
will O
help O
reduce O
the O
time O
involved O
in O
travelling O
often O
massive O
distances O
, O
it O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

HK B-LOC
's O
Tsang B-PER
to O
visit O
Indonesia B-LOC
, O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
Financial O
Secretary O
Donald B-PER
Tsang I-PER
will O
visit O
Indonesia B-LOC
and O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
from O
August O
25 O
to O
31 O
, O
the O
government O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

In O
Jakarta B-LOC
, O
Tsang B-PER
will O
meet O
President O
Suharto B-PER
, O
Minister O
of O
Finance B-ORG
Mar'ie B-PER
Muhammad I-PER
, O
Minister O
of O
Foreign B-ORG
Affairs I-ORG
Ali B-PER
Alatas I-PER
and O
Minister O
of O
Trade B-ORG
and I-ORG
Industry I-ORG
Tungky B-PER
Ariwibowo I-PER
. O

On O
his O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
leg O
from O
August O
29 O
, O
Tsang B-PER
will O
meet O
Prime O
Minister O
Jim B-PER
Bolger I-PER
, O
Deputy O
Prime O
Minister O
Don B-PER
McKinnon I-PER
and O
Minister O
of O
Finance B-ORG
Bill B-PER
Birch I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Jordan B-LOC
expels O
Iraqi B-MISC
diplomat O
after O
bread O
riots O
. O

Rana B-PER
Sabbagh I-PER

AMMAN B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Jordan B-LOC
, O
which O
has O
blamed O
Iraq B-LOC
for O
bread O
riots O
last O
week O
, O
has O
asked O
an O
Iraqi B-MISC
diplomat O
to O
leave O
, O
official O
and O
diplomatic O
sources O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
main O
Friday O
prayers O
in O
southern O
Jordan B-LOC
that O
were O
the O
starting O
point O
for O
the O
riots O
a O
week O
ago O
passed O
peacefully O
under O
tight O
security O
imposed O
by O
the O
army O
with O
only O
brief O
demonstrations O
reported O
. O

Adel B-PER
Ibrahim I-PER
, O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
embassy O
's O
press O
attache O
, O
was O
asked O
to O
leave O
" O
because O
he O
was O
carrying O
out O
duties O
incompatible O
with O
diplomatic O
norms O
" O
, O
one O
source O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
, O
implying O
he O
was O
accused O
of O
spying O
. O

Ibrahim B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
by O
telephone O
from O
his O
embassy O
office O
in O
Amman B-LOC
that O
he O
" O
had O
not O
been O
notified O
" O
of O
any O
explusion O
order O
. O

The O
government O
declined O
official O
comment O
. O

Ibrahim B-PER
's O
assistant O
, O
Hussein B-PER
Khalaf I-PER
, O
was O
expelled O
earlier O
this O
year O
for O
similar O
reasons O
amid O
rising O
tension O
in O
bilateral O
ties O
after O
King O
Hussein B-PER
began O
calling O
for O
change O
in O
Baghdad B-LOC
following O
top O
Iraqi B-MISC
defections O
in O
August O
1995 O
. O

Iraq B-LOC
retaliated O
then O
by O
expelling O
a O
junior O
administrator O
working O
in O
the O
Jordanian B-MISC
embassy O
in O
Baghdad B-LOC
but O
has O
continued O
its O
policy O
of O
trying O
to O
avoid O
public O
conflicts O
with O
Jordan B-LOC
-- O
its O
only O
secure O
route O
to O
the O
rest O
of O
the O
world O
. O

Jordan B-LOC
has O
accused O
Iraq B-LOC
and O
a O
local O
pro-Baghdad B-MISC
party O
for O
the O
country O
's O
worst O
unrest O
in O
seven O
years O
which O
erupted O
after O
it O
almost O
doubled O
the O
prices O
of O
bread O
last O
week O
under O
radical O
economic O
reforms O
agreed O
with O
the O
International B-ORG
Monetary I-ORG
Fund I-ORG
. O

In O
Karak B-LOC
, O
where O
two O
days O
of O
riots O
flared O
last O
Friday O
, O
a O
few O
hundred O
young O
men O
lingered O
outside O
Omari B-LOC
mosque O
on O
leaving O
, O
shouting O
slogans O
for O
about O
15 O
minutes O
. O

" O
Disperse O
, O
abstain O
from O
forming O
groups O
and O
help O
maintain O
order O
, O
" O
army O
officers O
, O
who O
has O
enforced O
a O
loose O
curfew O
since O
the O
riots O
, O
told O
the O
crowd O
through O
loudspeakers O
. O

The O
men O
shouted O
" O
Allahu B-PER
Akbar O
" O
( O
God B-PER
is O
Greatest O
) O
as O
a O
former O
Islamist B-MISC
deputy O
, O
Ahmed B-PER
Kafawin I-PER
, O
told O
soldiers O
the O
crowd O
would O
not O
cause O
trouble O
. O

He O
had O
earlier O
mounted O
the O
mosque O
's O
pulpit O
to O
demand O
release O
of O
detainees O
, O
an O
end O
to O
raids O
on O
houses O
and O
the O
cancelling O
of O
the O
bread O
price O
rises O
. O

Armoured O
cars O
had O
patrolled O
streets O
in O
Karak B-LOC
, O
traditional O
bastion O
of O
communist O
ideology O
and O
Baath B-MISC
socialism O
that O
swept O
the O
region O
in O
the O
1950s O
, O
and O
guarded O
entrances O
to O
the O
hill-top O
city O
famed O
for O
its O
Crusader O
castle O
before O
the O
prayers O
. O

There O
was O
also O
heavy O
security O
in O
the O
crowded O
centre O
of O
Amman B-LOC
, O
where O
smaller O
clashes O
had O
erupted O
last O
Saturday O
, O
but O
Friday O
prayers O
at O
the O
main O
mosque O
ended O
quietly O
as O
police O
in O
full O
riot O
gear O
looked O
on O
. O

The O
Jordanian B-ORG
Arab I-ORG
Socialist I-ORG
Baath I-ORG
Party I-ORG
, O
which O
has O
one O
deputy O
in O
the O
80-seat O
lower O
house O
of O
parliament O
, O
has O
denied O
involvement O
in O
unrest O
which O
it O
blamed O
on O
government O
policies O
and O
rising O
economic O
hardship O
. O

Government O
attempts O
to O
link O
the O
rioting O
to O
foreign O
influence O
has O
been O
treated O
with O
derision O
by O
those O
in O
the O
streets O
who O
blame O
the O
protests O
on O
severe O
economic O
hardships O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Turkey B-LOC
says O
killed O
17 O
Kurd B-MISC
rebels O
in O
clashes O
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Turkish B-MISC
troops O
have O
killed O
17 O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebels O
in O
recent O
clashes O
in O
the O
southeast O
of O
the O
country O
, O
the O
state-run O
Anatolian B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Two O
security O
officials O
and O
two O
state-paid O
village O
guards O
were O
killed O
in O
the O
fighting O
with O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Workers I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PKK B-ORG
) O
guerrillas O
, O
the O
agency O
quoted O
the O
emergency O
rule O
governor O
's O
office O
as O
saying O
. O

Eight O
of O
the O
rebels O
were O
killed O
in O
Van B-LOC
province O
, O
five O
in O
Sirnak B-LOC
and O
four O
in O
Hakkari B-LOC
. O

The O
agency O
did O
not O
say O
when O
the O
clashes O
took O
place O
. O

More O
than O
20,000 O
people O
have O
died O
in O
the O
PKK B-ORG
's O
12-year-old O
fight O
for O
independence O
or O
autonomy O
in O
southeastern O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

Three O
people O
, O
including O
two O
village O
guards O
, O
died O
when O
a O
mine O
planted O
by O
PKK B-ORG
rebels O
exploded O
on O
a O
road O
in O
the O
southeast O
, O
Anatolian B-ORG
reported O
earlier O
. O

It O
said O
a O
taxi O
carrying O
the O
guards O
, O
members O
of O
a O
mostly O
Kurdish B-MISC
militia O
which O
fights O
the O
PKK B-ORG
, O
hit O
the O
mine O
in O
the O
province O
of O
Diyarbakir B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
says O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurds I-MISC
agree O
ceasefire O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Leaders O
of O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
two O
main O
Kurdish B-MISC
factions O
agreed O
on O
Friday O
to O
end O
six O
days O
of O
fighting O
and O
to O
attend O
U.S.-mediated B-MISC
peace O
talks O
next O
month O
, O
the O
State B-ORG
Department I-ORG
said O
. O

Spokesman O
Glyn B-PER
Davies I-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
the O
agreement O
followed O
direct O
U.S. B-LOC
contacts O
with O
Massoud B-PER
Barzani I-PER
, O
leader O
of O
the O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
KDP B-ORG
) O
, O
and O
Jalal B-PER
Talabani I-PER
, O
leader O
of O
the O
Patriotic B-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Kurdistan I-ORG
( O
PUK B-ORG
) O
. O

Davies B-PER
said O
the O
two O
leaders O
" O
have O
agreed O
to O
cease O
the O
fighting O
( O
and O
) O
return O
their O
forces O
to O
the O
positions O
held O
before O
the O
current O
fighting O
began O
" O
on O
August O
17 O
. O

He O
did O
not O
give O
a O
specific O
time O
for O
the O
ceasefire O
but O
said O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
looked O
forward O
to O
" O
immediate O
implementation O
" O
. O

The O
two O
party O
leaders O
had O
also O
agreed O
to O
meet O
U.S. B-LOC
Assistant O
Secretary O
for O
Near B-MISC
Eastern I-MISC
Affairs O
Robert B-PER
Pelletreau I-PER
in O
September O
" O
to O
solidify O
the O
cease-fire O
and O
to O
pursue O
reconciliation O
" O
, O
Davies B-PER
said O
. O

His O
statement O
gave O
no O
venue O
or O
precise O
date O
for O
the O
meeting O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
has O
already O
called O
on O
the O
Kurdish B-MISC
factions O
to O
hold O
peace O
talks O
in O
London B-LOC
. O

The O
KDP B-ORG
said O
Thursday O
night O
it O
had O
repelled O
an O
attack O
by O
thousands O
of O
PUK B-ORG
fighters O
, O
killing O
, O
wounding O
or O
capturing O
about O
400 O
opposing O
guerrillas O
. O

The O
fighting O
has O
threatened O
a O
U.S.-led B-MISC
peace O
plan O
to O
unite O
the O
mountainous O
Kurdish B-MISC
region O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
against O
President O
Saddam B-PER
Hussein I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

One O
teen O
left O
dead O
by O
attack O
on O
U.S. B-LOC
slumber O
party O
. O

CHESAPEAKE B-LOC
, O
Va B-LOC
. O

1996-08-23 O

A O
knife-wielding O
neighbour O
apparently O
intent O
on O
sexual O
assault O
invaded O
a O
teenage O
slumber O
party O
on O
Friday O
, O
killing O
one O
girl O
and O
wounding O
three O
others O
, O
police O
said O
. O

At O
about O
4 O
a.m. O
EDT O
( O
0800 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
, O
a O
group O
of O
teenaged O
girls O
were O
having O
the O
overnight O
party O
in O
the O
Camelot B-LOC
subdivision O
of O
this O
eastern O
Virginia B-LOC
city O
, O
when O
a O
man O
entered O
the O
house O
, O
wielding O
a O
knife O
, O
threatening O
to O
sexually O
assault O
the O
girls O
. O

Detective O
Richard B-PER
Black I-PER
of O
the O
Chesapeake B-ORG
Police I-ORG
Department I-ORG
, O
said O
a O
neighbour O
, O
Curtis B-PER
Lee I-PER
White I-PER
II I-PER
, O
19 O
, O
was O
arrested O
in O
the O
attack O
, O
but O
had O
not O
been O
charged O
by O
late O
morning O
on O
Friday O
. O

There O
were O
apparently O
no O
adults O
at O
the O
party O
as O
the O
father O
of O
the O
family O
who O
lived O
in O
the O
house O
was O
out O
of O
town O
and O
the O
mother O
died O
more O
than O
a O
year O
ago O
, O
Black B-PER
said O
. O

The O
detective O
said O
details O
were O
sketchy O
, O
but O
two O
of O
the O
teenagers O
were O
reportedly O
downstairs O
watching O
television O
when O
White B-PER
allegedly O
entered O
the O
house O
and O
told O
the O
girls O
to O
take O
off O
their O
clothes O
. O

He O
said O
a O
male O
teenager O
sleeping O
upstairs O
reportedly O
heard O
the O
commotion O
and O
came O
downstairs O
and O
confronted O
White B-PER
, O
who O
allegedly O
stabbed O
him O
more O
than O
once O
. O

The O
other O
teenagers O
also O
confronted O
the O
assailant O
and O
three O
girls O
, O
all O
under O
18 O
, O
were O
stabbed O
, O
one O
fatally O
. O

" O
At O
least O
two O
of O
them O
were O
sexually O
molested O
, O
" O
Black B-PER
said O
. O

He O
said O
all O
of O
the O
wounded O
teenagers O
were O
taken O
to O
a O
hospital O
but O
none O
of O
the O
injuries O
were O
considered O
life-threatening O
. O

Police O
said O
the O
girl O
who O
died O
was O
identified O
as O
Michelle B-PER
Harper I-PER
. O

Her O
age O
was O
not O
given O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Glickman B-PER
says O
USDA B-ORG
monitoring O
aflatoxin O
in O
Texas B-LOC
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Agriculture O
Secretary O
Dan B-PER
Glickman I-PER
said O
the O
department O
was O
monitoring O
reports O
of O
aflatoxin O
found O
in O
corn O
in O
parts O
of O
Texas B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
're O
always O
concerned O
about O
aflatoxin O
but O
we O
're O
on O
top O
of O
it O
, O
" O
Glickman B-PER
told O
reporters O
after O
addressing O
a O
USDA-sponsored B-MISC
farmers O
' O
market O
. O

" O
That O
's O
a O
perennial O
problem O
. O

It O
may O
be O
a O
little O
more O
problematic O
because O
of O
cold O
, O
wet O
conditions O
but O
we O
're O
on O
top O
of O
it O
, O
" O
the O
secretary O
said O
. O

Asked O
about O
reports O
Egypt B-LOC
has O
set O
new O
levels O
for O
a O
vomitoxin O
in O
its O
purchase O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
wheat O
, O
the O
secretary O
said O
" O
I O
do O
n't O
know O
anything O
about O
it O
" O
but O
added O
that O
USDA B-ORG
officials O
were O
" O
looking O
at O
it O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Mass B-LOC
. O

governor O
has O
trouble O
winning O
home O
support O
. O

BOSTON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

The O
12-year-old O
daughter O
of O
Republican B-MISC
Gov O
. O

William B-PER
Weld I-PER
is O
working O
to O
stop O
his O
bid O
to O
win O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
Senate B-ORG
seat O
because O
she O
does O
n't O
want O
to O
leave O
Massachusetts B-LOC
. O

Weld B-PER
conceded O
his O
12-year-old O
daughter O
, O
Franny B-PER
, O
is O
" O
a O
foot O
soldier O
" O
for O
Democratic B-MISC
incumbent O
Sen O
. O

John B-PER
Kerry I-PER
, O
even O
though O
she O
is O
n't O
old O
enough O
to O
vote O
. O

Weld B-PER
, O
speaking O
on O
WBUR-FM B-ORG
radio O
on O
Thursday O
, O
said O
he O
was O
facing O
a O
revolt O
from O
his O
daughter O
in O
part O
because O
she O
does O
not O
want O
to O
leave O
Cambridge B-LOC
, O
Massachusetts B-LOC
, O
and O
move O
to O
Washington B-LOC
. O

He O
also O
said O
Franny B-PER
Weld I-PER
's O
best O
friend O
, O
Tracy B-PER
Roosevelt I-PER
, O
might O
have O
something O
to O
do O
with O
her O
politics O
. O

Tracy B-PER
is O
the O
great-granddaughter O
of O
Democratic B-MISC
former O
President O
Franklin B-LOC
Roosevelt I-LOC
, O
and O
support O
for O
Democrats B-MISC
runs O
in O
the O
family O
. O

The O
Roosevelts B-PER
are O
good O
friends O
of O
Weld B-PER
and O
his O
wife O
, O
Susan B-PER
Roosevelt I-PER
Weld I-PER
, O
a O
descendant O
of O
former O
President O
Theodore B-PER
Roosevelt I-PER
, O
who O
won O
the O
presidency O
as O
a O
Republican B-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Lufthansa B-ORG
cargo O
Q2 O
load O
factor O
up O
1.7 O
pct O
. O

FRANKFURT B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

The O
following O
table O
shows O
Lufthansa B-ORG
Cargo I-ORG
AG I-ORG
second O
quarter O
1996 O
results O
, O
based O
on O
figures O
published O
by O
Deutsche B-ORG
Lufthansa I-ORG
AG I-ORG
in-house O
newspaper O

Lufthanseat B-ORG
. O

Available O
freight-tonne O
kilometres O
( O
million O
) O
2,389 O
up O
4 O
pct O

Revenue O
freight-tonne O
kilometres O
( O
million O
) O
1,600 O
up O
7 O
pct O

Freight O
load O
factor O
67.0 O
up O
1.7 O
pct O
pts O

Revenue O
from O
transport O
( O
Dm B-MISC
million O
) O
820 O
up O
2 O
pct O

Revenue O
from O
other O
services O
( O
Dm B-MISC
million O
) O
14 O
down O
26 O
pct O

Staff O
costs O
( O
Dm B-MISC
million O
) O
116 O
up O
8 O
pct O

Fuel O
costs O
( O
Dm B-MISC
million O
) O
69 O
up O
20 O
pct O

Flight-related O
fees O
( O
Dm B-MISC
million O
) O
125 O
up O
17 O
pct O

- O
Air B-ORG
Cargo I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
Tel+44 O
171 O
542 O
7706 O
Fax+44 O
171 O
542 O
5017 O

-DOCSTART- O

WSC-India B-ORG
Rice O
Weather O
, O
Aug O
23 O
. O

SUMMARY- O
Showers O
0.25-1.30 O
inch O
( O
6-33 O
mm O
) O
and O
locally O
heavier O
through O
much O
of O
India B-LOC
, O
75 O
percent O
coverage O
. O

Isolated O
showers O
0.20-0.70 O
inch O
( O
5-18 O
mm O
) O
in O
the O
north O
. O

Highs O
82-96F O
( O
28-36C O
) O
. O

CROP O
IMPACT- O
Conditions O
remain O
favorable O
for O
the O
development O
of O
rice O
in O
the O
region O
. O

FORECAST- O

TODAY O
... O

Showers O
and O
rain O
0.25-1.00 O
inch O
( O
6-25 O
mm O
) O
and O
locally O
heavier O
through O
most O
of O
central O
and O
south O
central O
India B-LOC
, O
up O
to O
0.75 O
inch O
( O
19 O
mm O
) O
in O
75 O
percent O
of O
north O
central O
India B-LOC
, O
and O
only O
isolated O
up O
to O
0.50 O
inch O
( O
13 O
mm O
) O
elsewhere O
over O
India B-LOC
. O

Highs O
82-96F O
( O
28-36C O
) O
. O

TONIGHT O
... O

Variable O
clouds O
in O
southern O
India B-LOC
with O
showers O
. O

Partly O
cloudy O
in O
northern O
India B-LOC
with O
a O
few O
light O
showers O
. O

Lows O
68-76F O
( O
20-24C O
) O
. O

TOMORROW O
... O

Little B-PER
change O
from O
today O
's O
weather O
expected O
. O

OUTLOOK O
... O

Numerous O
to O
scattered O
showers O
and O
thunderstorms O
in O
southern O
and O
central O
India B-LOC
, O
and O
isolated O
showers O
to O
the O
north O
Sunday O
through O
Tuesday O
. O

Temperatures O
near O
normal O
. O

Source O
: O
Weather B-ORG
Services I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG

-DOCSTART- O

Washington B-LOC
to O
curb O
Tamil B-MISC
support O
in O
U.S. B-LOC
- O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
said O
on O
Friday O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
had O
promised O
to O
stamp O
out O
any O
illegal O
activities O
on O
U.S. B-LOC
soil O
directed O
against O
the O
island O
's O
government O
. O

The O
Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
foreign O
ministry O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
: O
" O
The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
government O
sympathised O
with O
the O
current O
predicament O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
was O
facing O
. O
" O

The O
statement O
said O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
government O
" O
would O
do O
all O
within O
its O
prevailing O
legal O
framework O
to O
prevent O
the O
use O
of O
American B-MISC
soil O
to O
perpetrate O
violence O
against O
the O
democratic O
government O
of O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
" O
. O

It O
said O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
State I-ORG
Department I-ORG
's O
coordinator O
for O
counter O
terrorism O
, O
Philip B-PER
Wilcox I-PER
, O
had O
expressed O
Washington B-LOC
's O
support O
for O
the O
government O
when O
he O
visited O
Colombo B-LOC
this O
week O
. O

Colombo B-LOC
has O
said O
it O
believes O
Tamil B-MISC
rebels O
, O
fighting O
a O
13-year O
war O
for O
independence O
against O
the O
government O
, O
finance O
their O
military O
activity O
through O
funds O
extorted O
from O
expatriate O
Sri B-MISC
Lankans I-MISC
in O
western O
countries O
such O
as O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

U.S. B-LOC
embassy O
officials O
in O
Colombo B-LOC
were O
not O
immediately O
available O
to O
comment O
on O
the O
report O
. O

Colombo B-LOC
estimates O
more O
than O
50,000 O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
the O
war O
between O
government O
forces O
and O
the O
Liberation B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
of I-ORG
Tamil I-ORG
Eelam I-ORG
rebels O
in O
the O
island O
's O
north O
and O
east O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nepal B-LOC
's O
king O
leaves O
on O
week-long O
visit O
to O
China B-LOC
. O

KATHMANDU B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

King O
Birendra B-PER
left O
Nepal B-LOC
on O
Friday O
for O
a O
week-long O
visit O
to O
China B-LOC
, O
his O
eighth O
since O
ascending O
the O
throne O
in O
1972 O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

The O
constitutional O
monarch O
, O
who O
last O
visited O
China B-LOC
in O
1993 O
, O
was O
scheduled O
to O
meet O
Chinese B-MISC
President O
Jiang B-PER
Zemin I-PER
and O
Premier O
Li B-PER
Peng I-PER
during O
his O
visit O
, O
they O
said O
. O

Foreign O
ministry O
officials O
gave O
no O
details O
of O
the O
issues O
the O
king O
, O
who O
was O
accompanied O
by O
Foreign O
Minister O
Prakash B-PER
Chandra I-PER
Lohani I-PER
, O
would O
discuss O
with O
Chinese B-MISC
leaders O
. O

The O
Himalayan B-MISC
kingdom O
, O
sandwiched O
between O
China B-LOC
and O
India B-LOC
, O
has O
traditionally O
sought O
to O
maintain O
close O
cooperation O
with O
its O
giant O
neighbours O
, O
and O
an O
equal O
distance O
from O
the O
two O
. O

The O
50-year O
old O
monarch O
was O
accompanied O
by O
Queen O
Aishwarya B-PER
on O
a O
flight O
to O
the O
Tibetan B-MISC
capital O
of O
Lhasa B-LOC
. O

The O
king O
will O
visit O
Chongqing B-LOC
before O
arriving O
in O
the O
Chinese B-MISC
capital O
, O
Beijing B-LOC
, O
early O
next O
week O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nepal B-LOC
man O
held O
for O
keeping O
child O
servant O
in O
chains O
. O

KATHMANDU B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Nepali B-MISC
police O
said O
on O
Friday O
they O
arrested O
a O
man O
who O
allegedly O
kept O
a O
child O
servant O
bound O
in O
chains O
so O
that O
he O
would O
not O
run O
away O
when O
his O
employer O
was O
out O
to O
work O
. O

Madhusudan B-PER
Munakarmi I-PER
was O
arrested O
on O
Thursday O
after O
his O
neighbours O
informed O
police O
about O
the O
plight O
of O
12-year O
old O
Dhiraj B-PER
K.C. I-PER
, O
who O
told O
police O
his O
employer O
used O
to O
tie O
him O
up O
with O
iron O
chains O
and O
locks O
concealed O
under O
his O
clothes O
. O

The O
neighbours O
in O
Kathmandu B-LOC
called O
the O
police O
when O
they O
saw O
Dheeraj B-PER
, O
employed O
by O
the O
man O
for O
the O
past O
nine O
months O
, O
limping O
because O
of O
the O
chains O
. O

" O
I O
feared O
he O
would O
flee O
from O
work O
or O
steal O
my O
belongings O
, O
" O
the O
Kathmandu B-ORG
Post I-ORG
newspaper O
quoted O
Munakarmi B-PER
as O
saying O
after O
his O
arrest O
. O

If O
convicted O
, O
he O
faces O
a O
maximum O
of O
three O
years O
in O
jail O
under O
Nepal B-LOC
's O
child O
protection O
laws O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

OPTIONS O
- O
Euro B-MISC
debt O
vols O
seen O
regrouping O
after O
fall O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Implied O
volatility O
of O
European B-MISC
bond O
and O
interest O
rate O
options O
should O
stabilise O
around O
current O
levels O
until O
early O
next O
week O
after O
falling O
before O
and O
after O
this O
week O
's O
German-led B-MISC
cut O
in O
interest O
rates O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

" O
Volatility O
has O
come O
off O
a O
lot O
. O

We O
're O
looking O
for O
it O
to O
stabilise O
now O
, O
" O
said O
one O
Euromark B-MISC
options O
trader O
at O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
bank O
. O

A O
trader O
at O
a O
Japanese B-MISC
bank O
said O
Euromark B-MISC
volatility O
now O
stood O
at O
14.00 O
for O
September O
contract O
, O
16.75 O
for O
December O
, O
19.50 O
for O
March O
and O
21.25 O
for O
June O
. O

This O
compared O
with O
midweek O
levels O
, O
before O
the O
welter O
of O
interest O
rate O
cuts O
, O
of O
18.50 O
for O
September O
, O
20.00 O
for O
December O
, O
22.00 O
for O
March O
and O
23.5 O
for O
June O
, O
he O
said O
. O

At O
1347 O
GMT B-MISC
, O
December O
Euromark B-MISC
futures O
were O
trading O
at O
96.78 O
, O
two O
basis O
points O
down O
on O
the O
day O
. O

He O
said O
the O
sell-off O
in O
June O
vols O
might O
have O
been O
overdone O
, O
which O
could O
offer O
value O
at O
current O
levels O
. O

He O
said O
caps O
and O
floors O
would O
be O
well O
bid O
after O
the O
round O
of O
interest O
rate O
cuts O
due O
to O
the O
fact O
these O
rates O
should O
stay O
low O
at O
the O
short O
end O
. O

The O
size O
of O
the O
Bundesbank B-ORG
's O
repo O
rate O
cut O
, O
to O
3.00 O
percent O
from O
3.30 O
percent O
, O
took O
markets O
by O
surprise O
. O

" O
Volatility O
has O
a O
bid O
to O
it O
-- O
longer-dated O
volatility O
more O
than O
short-dated O
because O
the O
event O
people O
were O
buying O
for O
has O
passed O
and O
now O
perhaps O
people O
will O
sell O
some O
short O
dated O
vol O
and O
buy O
some O
long O
dated O
vol O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
Long O
dated O
volatility O
has O
been O
low O
this O
year O
, O
so O
it O
is O
still O
at O
levels O
which O
are O
not O
historically O
high O
. O

" O
It O
is O
not O
a O
dangerous O
level O
to O
own O
vol. O
You O
are O
not O
going O
to O
lose O
a O
lot O
and O
you O
could O
make O
quite O
a O
bit O
. O
" O

He O
said O
volatility O
levels O
should O
be O
stable O
until O
markets O
reassess O
the O
situation O
after O
a O
long O
weekend O
in O
Britain B-LOC
. O

Paribas B-ORG
Capital I-ORG
Markets I-ORG
OTC I-ORG
options O
specialist O
Robert B-PER
Coughlan I-PER
said O
that O
if O
volatility O
continued O
lower O
for O
the O
rest O
of O
Friday O
in O
over-the-counter O
10-year O
Bunds B-MISC
, O
it O
should O
be O
higher O
next O
Tuesday O
. O

He O
said O
the O
absence O
on O
holiday O
of O
many O
market O
makers O
was O
a O
main O
factor O
behind O
falls O
this O
week O
in O
volatility O
in O
high-yielding O
markets O
such O
as O
Italy B-LOC
, O
Spain B-LOC
and O
Sweden B-LOC
. O

Coughlan B-PER
said O
the O
market O
had O
more O
downside O
than O
upside O
potential O
, O
but O
a O
fall O
was O
not O
likely O
to O
be O
of O
significant O
size O
. O

" O
I O
recommend O
people O
sell O
strangles O
in O
a O
number O
of O
markets O
-- O
in O
Germany B-LOC
and O
France B-LOC
in O
particular O
. O

" O
With O
high-yielding O
markets O
Italy B-LOC
will O
be O
a O
lot O
more O
vulnerable O
in O
September O
on O
economic O
and O
political O
fronts O
, O
so O
I O
would O
use O
current O
the O
low O
level O
of O
vol O
to O
buy O
options O
. O

" O
So O
sell O
options O
on O
Bunds B-MISC
and O
France B-LOC
to O
enhance O
yield O
and O
buy O
options O
on O
Italy B-LOC
, O
" O
Coughlan B-PER
said O
.. O

-- O
Stephen B-PER
Nisbet I-PER
, O
International B-ORG
Bonds I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
6320 O

-DOCSTART- O

Goldman B-ORG
Sachs I-ORG
sets O
warrants O
on O
Continental B-ORG
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Goldman B-ORG
Sachs I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Wertpapier I-ORG
GmbH I-ORG
has O
issued O
a O
total O
of O
five O
million O
American-style B-MISC
call O
warrants O
, O
on O
Continental B-ORG
AG I-ORG
, O
lead O
manager O
Goldman B-ORG
Sachs I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
said O
. O

One O
warrant O
controls O
one O
share O
. O

STRIKE O
PRICE O
25.00 O
DEM B-MISC
PREMIUM O
10.12 O
PCT O

ISSUE O
PRICE O
2.42 O
DEM B-MISC
GEARING O
10.29 O
X O

EXERCISE O
PERIOD O
02.SEP.96-21.NOV.97 O
PAYDATE O
30.AUG.96 O

LISTING O
DDF O
FFT O
STG O
MIN O
EXER O
LOT O
100 O

SPOT O
REFERENCE O
24.90 O
DEM B-MISC

-- O
Reuter B-ORG
London I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7658 O

-DOCSTART- O

Legal O
challenge O
to O
Diana B-PER
delayed O
by O
jail O
term O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

A O
British B-MISC
photographer O
branded O
a O
stalker O
by O
Princess O
Diana B-PER
has O
been O
forced O
to O
postpone O
a O
legal O
challenge O
to O
a O
ban O
on O
approaching O
her O
because O
he O
's O
been O
jailed O
for O
criminal O
damage O
, O
his O
lawyer O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Martin B-PER
Stenning I-PER
started O
a O
12-week O
jail O
sentence O
on O
Thursday O
just O
as O
he O
was O
preparing O
to O
contest O
an O
injunction O
obtained O
by O
Diana B-PER
banning O
him O
from O
coming O
within O
300 O
metres O
( O
yards O
) O
of O
her O
. O

" O
We O
were O
in O
the O
process O
of O
preparing O
a O
detailed O
affidavit O
responding O
to O
the O
Princess O
's O
affadavit O
and O
expected O
to O
go O
to O
court O
in O
the O
next O
couple O
of O
weeks O
, O
" O
said O
Stenning B-PER
's O
lawyer O
, O
Benedict B-PER
Birnberg I-PER
. O
" O

But O
everything O
has O
been O
put O
on O
ice O
now O
. O
" O

Birnberg B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
that O
the O
challenge O
to O
the O
injunction O
would O
be O
delayed O
until O
Stenning B-PER
was O
released O
. O

Stenning B-PER
threw O
a O
brick O
through O
the O
window O
of O
a O
van O
in O
February O
after O
an O
argument O
with O
a O
driver O
when O
he O
was O
working O
as O
a O
motorcycle O
dispatch O
rider O
. O

Stenning B-PER
, O
who O
has O
previous O
convictions O
, O
is O
expected O
to O
appeal O
against O
the O
sentence O
. O

Magistrates O
also O
ordered O
him O
to O
pay O
compensation O
of O
182 O
pounds O
( O
$ O
282 O
) O
. O

The O
freelance O
photographer O
was O
branded O
a O
stalker O
by O
Diana B-PER
, O
whose O
divorce O
from O
heir-to-the-throne O
Prince O
Charles B-PER
is O
due O
to O
become O
final O
next O
week O
, O
after O
persistently O
trailing O
her O
on O
his O
motorcycle O
. O

In O
an O
affidavit O
, O
the O
princess O
said O
that O
in O
chasing O
her O
Stenning B-PER
had O
got O
so O
close O
that O
he O
twice O
smashed O
into O
her O
car O
and O
pushed O
her O
when O
she O
tried O
to O
remove O
the O
film O
from O
his O
camera O
. O

Stenning B-PER
has O
rejected O
Diana B-PER
's O
claims O
and O
said O
he O
was O
being O
made O
a O
scapegoat O
to O
scare O
off O
press O
photographers O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Jordan B-LOC
expels O
Iraqi B-MISC
diplomat O
. O

AMMAN B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Jordan B-LOC
has O
asked O
an O
Iraqi B-MISC
diplomat O
to O
leave O
the O
kingdom O
for O
carrying O
out O
duties O
incompatible O
with O
diplomatic O
norms O
, O
an O
official O
source O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

The O
move O
came O
after O
Amman B-LOC
blamed O
Iraq B-LOC
and O
a O
pro-Baghdad B-MISC
local O
political O
party O
for O
last O
week O
's O
worst O
unrest O
in O
seven O
years O
after O
a O
government O
decision O
to O
double O
prices O
of O
bread O
. O

The O
government O
declined O
comment O
. O

" O
Jordan B-LOC
has O
asked O
Mr. O
Adel B-PER
Ibrahim I-PER
, O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
embassy O
's O
press O
attache O
, O
to O
leave O
because O
he O
was O
carrying O
out O
duties O
incompatible O
with O
diplomatic O
norms O
, O
" O
the O
source O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

He O
said O
Ibrahim B-PER
was O
still O
in O
Amman B-LOC
. O

The O
Jordanian B-ORG
Arab I-ORG
Socialist I-ORG
Baath I-ORG
Party I-ORG
has O
denied O
involvement O
in O
unrest O
which O
it O
blamed O
on O
government O
policies O
and O
rising O
economic O
hardship O
. O

The O
riots O
, O
which O
shook O
Jordan B-LOC
for O
two O
days O
, O
broke O
out O
after O
last O
Friday O
's O
main O
prayers O
in O
the O
southern O
town O
of O
Karak B-LOC
and O
spread O
to O
Amman B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kurd B-MISC
rebels O
to O
free O
Turkish B-MISC
soldier O
prisoners O
. O

DOHUK B-LOC
, O
Iraq B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Turkish B-MISC
Kurd I-MISC
guerrillas O
said O
on O
Friday O
they O
would O
free O
seven O
Turkish B-MISC
soldiers O
they O
hold O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
under O
a O
tentative O
Islamist B-MISC
peace O
bid O
. O

" O
...For O
the O
sake O
of O
safety O
we O
are O
asking O
for O
their O
family O
members O
or O
the O
authorities O
to O
come O
and O
pick O
them O
up O
, O
" O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Workers I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PKK B-ORG
) O
central O
committee O
member O
Riza B-PER
Altun I-PER
told O
journalists O
near O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
city O
of O
Dohuk B-LOC
. O

PKK B-ORG
guerrillas O
would O
accompany O
the O
soldiers O
, O
captured O
last O
spring O
in O
one O
of O
Turkey B-LOC
's O
frequent O
cross-border O
drives O
, O
until O
they O
could O
be O
handed O
over O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Their O
release O
has O
been O
negotiated O
by O
Islamist B-MISC
writer O
Ismail B-PER
Nacar I-PER
as O
part O
of O
a O
wider O
effort O
, O
partly O
backed O
by O
Prime O
Minister O
Necmettin B-PER
Erbakan I-PER
, O
to O
find O
a O
political O
solution O
to O
Turkey B-LOC
's O
Kurdish B-MISC
problem O
. O

Erbakan B-PER
has O
encouraged O
Nacar B-PER
's O
bid O
but O
has O
ruled O
out O
direct O
talks O
with O
the O
rebels O
. O

The O
PKK B-ORG
often O
uses O
bases O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
in O
its O
fight O
for O
autonomy O
or O
independence O
in O
southeast O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

More O
than O
20,000 O
people O
have O
died O
in O
12 O
years O
of O
fighting O
between O
the O
guerrillas O
and O
Turkish B-MISC
forces O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOLIDERE B-ORG
shares O
mixed O
on O
market O
. O

BEIRUT B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

SOLIDERE B-ORG
shares O
were O
mixed O
on O
Friday O
on O
the O
privately-operated O
Beirut B-ORG
Secondary I-ORG
Market I-ORG
( O
BSM B-ORG
) O
. O

A O
shares O
-- O
distributed O
to O
former O
holders O
of O
property O
rights O
in O
the O
Beirut B-LOC
central O
district O
SOLIDERE B-ORG
is O
rebuilding O
-- O
closed O
at O
$ O
104.625 O
unchanged O
from O
Thursday O
. O

B O
shares O
-- O
issued O
in O
a O
$ O
650-million O
subscription O
in O
January O
1994 O
-- O
rose O
to O
$ O
106.5 O
from O
$ O
106.375 O
a O
day O
earlier O
. O

Turnover O
on O
BSM B-ORG
, O
which O
trades O
only O
SOLIDERE B-ORG
shares O
, O
was O
8,049 O
shares O
from O
Thursday O
's O
8,757 O
and O
value O
was O
$ O
850,968 O
from O
$ O
918,288 O
. O

On O
the O
official O
Beirut B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
, O
only O
1,185 O
Ciments B-ORG
Libanais I-ORG
shares O
were O
traded O
at O
$ O
1.1875 O
compared O
with O
2,036 O
shares O
traded O
on O
Thursday O
at O
the O
same O
price O
. O

There O
was O
no O
trade O
in O
any O
of O
the O
three O
other O
listed O
companies O
: O
Ciments B-ORG
Blancs I-ORG
, O
Eternit B-ORG
and O
Uniceramic B-ORG
. O

The O
BLOM B-MISC
Stock I-MISC
Index I-MISC
which O
covers O
both O
markets O
rose O
0.04 O
percent O
to O
903.09 O
and O
the O
LISPI B-MISC
index O
rose O
0.02 O
percent O
to O
81.58 O
. O

- O
Beirut B-LOC
editorial O
( O
961 O
1 O
) O
864148 O
353078 O
861723 O

-DOCSTART- O

Zenith B-ORG
lands O
$ O
1 O
billion O
contract O
, O
plans O
$ O
100 O
million O
plant O
. O

Susan B-PER
Nadeau I-PER

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
consortium O
of O
telephone O
companies O
and O
The B-ORG
Walt I-ORG
Disney I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O

said O
Thursday O
it O
had O
signed O
a O
$ O
1 O
billion O
contract O
with O
Zenith B-ORG
to O
make O
digital O
televison O
set-top O
boxes O
for O
its O
home O
entertainment O
service O
. O

The O
announcement O
of O
the O
contract O
for O
3 O
million O
set-top O
boxes O
gave O
new O
hope O
to O
Zenith B-ORG
, O
which O
has O
struggled O
with O
years O
of O
losses O
. O

" O
This O
really O
indicates O
we O
're O
back O
in O
the O
business O
, O
" O
William B-PER
Luehrs I-PER
, O
president O
of O
the O
Glenview B-LOC
, O
Ill.-based B-MISC
company O
's O
Networks B-ORG
Services I-ORG
Division I-ORG
, O
said O
in O
a O
telephone O
interview O
. O
" O

Anytime O
somebody O
gets O
the O
opportunity O
to O
enter O
the O
next O
era O
with O
such O
a O
big O
bang O
has O
got O
to O
be O
seen O
as O
a O
strong O
message O
to O
the O
industry O
. O
" O

Following O
the O
announcement O
, O
Zenith B-ORG
's O
stock O
soared O
$ O
5.50 O
to O
$ O
16.875 O
on O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
. O

The O
consortium O
, O
called O
Americast B-ORG
, O
said O
the O
contract O
was O
part O
of O
its O
strategy O
to O
develop O
and O
market O
the O
next O
generation O
in O
home O
entertainment O
. O

In O
addition O
to O
Disney B-ORG
, O
Americast B-ORG
's O
partners O
are O
phone O
companies O
Ameritech B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
, O
BellSouth B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
, O
GTE B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
and O
SBC B-ORG
Communications I-ORG
. O

Americast B-ORG
said O
Southern B-ORG
New I-ORG
England I-ORG
Telecommunications I-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
has O
signed O
a O
letter O
of O
intent O
to O
join O
the O
group O
, O
which O
plans O
to O
provide O
a O
home O
entertainment O
service O
similar O
to O
cable O
television O
. O

Zenith B-ORG
also O
said O
it O
planned O
to O
build O
a O
new O
$ O
100 O
million O
plant O
in O
Woodridge B-LOC
, O
Ill B-LOC
. O

, O
to O
make O
picture O
tubes O
for O
32- O
and O
35-inch O
screen O
TV O
sets O
. O

The O
company O
currently O
buys O
the O
tubes O
from O
competitors O
. O

The O
new O
plant O
, O
which O
is O
dependent O
on O
obtaining O
financing O
, O
will O
create O
about O
280 O
new O
jobs O
, O
Zenith B-ORG
said O
. O

The O
contract O
calls O
for O
production O
of O
the O
set-top O
boxes O
over O
five O
years O
. O

Luehrs B-PER
said O
manufacturing O
will O
begin O
and O
revenue O
will O
start O
to O
roll O
in O
during O
the O
first O
half O
of O
next O
year O
. O

The O
boxes O
will O
be O
made O
on O
a O
build-to-order O
basis O
. O

Zenith B-ORG
will O
convert O
its O
Chihuahua B-LOC
, O
Mexico B-LOC
, O
analogue O
set-top O
box O
plant O
to O
manufacture O
the O
digital O
boxes O
. O

Luehrs B-PER
declined O
to O
say O
when O
the O
operation O
was O
expected O
to O
be O
profitable O
. O

Americast B-ORG
will O
provide O
the O
boxes O
to O
subscribers O
as O
part O
of O
the O
service O
. O

Its O
service O
is O
being O
introduced O
in O
selected O
markets O
across O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

Luehrs B-PER
said O
digital O
technology O
in O
set-top O
boxes O
is O
only O
the O
beginning O
and O
said O
the O
technology O
will O
eventually O
show O
up O
in O
retail O
consumer O
electronics O
. O

" O
We O
'll O
build O
a O
lot O
of O
these O
devices O
into O
television O
sets O
, O
for O
digital O
television O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

Although O
that O
is O
not O
where O
this O
particular O
contract O
is O
headed O
, O
the O
fact O
that O
there O
is O
a O
strong O
Zenith B-ORG
presence O
will O
pay O
us O
dividends O
in O
the O
future O
. O
" O

Zenith B-ORG
has O
been O
plagued O
by O
generally O
soft O
conditions O
in O
the O
colour O
television O
industry O
, O
reporting O
full-year O
losses O
since O
1989 O
. O

Last O
month O
, O
it O
reported O
a O
second-quarter O
loss O
of O
$ O
33.2 O
million O
, O
or O
51 O
cents O
a O
share O
, O
vs. O
a O
loss O
of O
$ O
45.3 O
million O
, O
or O
97 O
cents O
a O
share O
, O
a O
year O
earlier O
. O

Last O
November O
, O
South B-MISC
Korea-based I-MISC
LG B-ORG
Electronics I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
bought O
a O
majority O
stake O
in O
Zenith B-ORG
. O

Robert B-PER
Gutenstein I-PER
, O
an O
analyst O
for O
Kalf B-ORG
, I-ORG
Voorhis I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O

, O
said O
the O
contract O
was O
" O
not O
unique O
, O
but O
it O
's O
big O
. O
" O

" O
Digital O
is O
coming O
, O
it O
's O
economic O
and O
the O
question O
is O
what O
will O
make O
the O
consumer O
happy O
and O
at O
what O
price O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Natural B-ORG
Law I-ORG
Party I-ORG
says O
it O
can O
meditate O
problems O
away O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

From O
the O
people O
who O
brought O
you O
hundreds O
of O
" O
yogic O
fliers O
" O
who O
claimed O
to O
defy O
nature O
by O
levitating O
comes O
The B-ORG
Natural I-ORG
Law I-ORG
Party I-ORG
, O
a O
minor O
political O
party O
that O
nominated O
a O
presidential O
candidate O
on O
Thursday O
. O

At O
a O
hotel O
convention O
here O
, O
the O
party O
associated O
with O
the O
Transcendental B-MISC
Meditation I-MISC
( O
TM B-MISC
) O
movement O
named O
physicist O
John B-PER
Hagelin I-PER
as O
its O
presidential O
nominee O
for O
the O
Nov. O
5 O
election O
. O

The O
party O
is O
running O
on O
a O
platform O
claiming O
it O
can O
ward O
off O
problems O
before O
they O
occur O
through O
techniques O
such O
as O
mass O
meditation O
that O
would O
reduce O
stress O
, O
crime O
, O
terrorism O
and O
even O
wars O
. O

" O
Social O
stress O
can O
be O
reduced O
and O
problems O
such O
as O
crime O
and O
violence O
will O
automatically O
decrease O
, O
" O
said O
a O
party O
paper O
. O

Many O
party O
members O
are O
practitioners O
of O
TM B-MISC
, O
which O
involves O
meditating O
to O
a O
repeated O
word O
or O
phrase O
, O
called O
a O
mantra O
. O

Some O
advanced O
TM B-MISC
followers O
contend O
they O
can O
actually O
mediate O
to O
such O
a O
point O
that O
they O
fly O
. O

But O
in O
a O
demonstration O
of O
" O
yogic O
flying O
" O
several O
years O
ago O
, O
critics O
said O
the O
people O
were O
merely O
bouncing O
off O
the O
ground O
from O
a O
sitting O
position O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Huge O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
sales O
fail O
to O
meet O
expectations O
. O

Martin B-PER
Wolk I-PER

SEATTLE B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
year O
after O
its O
massively O
publicized O
introduction O
, O
Microsoft B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
's O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
computer O
operating O
system O
has O
fallen O
short O
of O
the O
most O
optimistic O
expectations O
for O
the O
software O
giant O
and O
the O
industry O
. O

Even O
though O
more O
than O
40 O
million O
copies O
of O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
have O
been O
sold O
, O
making O
it O
the O
fastest-selling O
new O
software O
ever O
, O
it O
would O
have O
been O
impossible O
for O
any O
product O
to O
live O
up O
to O
the O
unprecedented O
hype O
of O
the O
Aug. O
24 O
, O
1995 O
launch O
, O
when O
stores O
around O
the O
world O
opened O
at O
midnight O
to O
greet O
long O
lines O
of O
customers O
. O

The O
Redmond B-PER
, O
Wash.-based B-MISC
company O
spent O
tens O
of O
millions O
of O
dollars O
promoting O
the O
product O
with O
stunts O
that O
included O
buying O
the O
entire O
print O
run O
of O
the O
Times B-ORG
of I-ORG
London I-ORG
and O
lighting O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
's O
Empire B-LOC
State I-LOC
building O
in O
a O
Windows B-MISC
color O
scheme O
. O

But O
the O
product O
, O
delivered O
eight O
months O
late O
, O
has O
fallen O
short O
of O
its O
sales O
potential O
in O
part O
because O
Microsoft B-ORG
delivered O
a O
mixed O
message O
to O
business O
customers O
, O
analysts O
said O
. O

" O
It O
did O
n't O
do O
as O
well O
as O
it O
could O
have O
, O
" O
said O
Rob B-PER
Enderle I-PER
, O
an O
analyst O
with O
Giga B-ORG
Information I-ORG
Group I-ORG
. O

Scores O
of O
software O
and O
hardware O
companies O
that O
had O
hoped O
for O
a O
big O
boost O
in O
sales O
were O
disappointed O
when O
only O
a O
brief O
spike O
materialized O
. O

" O
People O
who O
were O
expecting O
major O
coat-tails O
were O
somewhat O
disappointed O
, O
" O
said O
Scott B-PER
Winkler I-PER
, O
an O
analyst O
with O
Gartner B-ORG
Group I-ORG
. O

" O
It O
's O
not O
as O
though O
it O
has O
n't O
had O
an O
impact O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

It O
just O
has O
n't O
had O
the O
huge O
earth-shattering O
impact O
some O
people O
were O
looking O
for O
. O
" O

Symantec B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
, O
which O
had O
been O
among O
the O
most O
bullish O
of O
software O
companies O
at O
the O
time O
of O
the O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
launch O
, O
ended O
up O
posting O
disappointing O
financial O
results O
when O
retail O
sales O
of O
the O
operating O
system O
fell O
short O
of O
its O
projections O
. O

Touchstone B-ORG
Software I-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
had O
to O
pay O
$ O
1.3 O
million O
in O
cash O
and O
stock O
to O
settle O
a O
shareholders O
lawsuit O
brought O
after O
the O
company O
's O
sales O
failed O
to O
meet O
expectations O
tied O
to O
the O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
launch O
. O

Many O
software O
developers O
apparently O
saw O
their O
crucial O
holiday O
season O
sales O
suffer O
last O
year O
because O
store O
shelves O
were O
jammed O
with O
blue-and-white O
boxes O
of O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
, O
resulting O
in O
a O
shortage O
of O
space O
for O
seasonal O
products O
, O
said O
Ann B-PER
Stephens I-PER
, O
president O
of O
PC B-ORG
Data I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

To O
be O
sure O
, O
sales O
of O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
and O
the O
accompanying O
Office B-MISC
95 I-MISC
upgrade O
drove O
Microsoft B-ORG
sales O
up O
46 O
percent O
last O
year O
to O
a O
record O
$ O
8.67 O
billion O
and O
cemented O
the O
company O
's O
status O
as O
the O
industry O
's O
dominant O
company O
. O

Microsoft B-ORG
executives O
say O
they O
are O
thrilled O
with O
the O
sales O
figures O
, O
and O
industry O
analysts O
estimate O
that O
by O
sometime O
next O
year O
, O
the O
installed O
base O
of O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
will O
surpass O
that O
of O
the O
older O
version O
of O
Windows B-MISC
, O
now O
used O
on O
about O
100 O
million O
computers O
worldwide O
. O

But O
Enderle B-PER
said O
the O
figure O
could O
have O
been O
even O
higher O
if O
Microsoft B-ORG
had O
done O
a O
better O
job O
of O
handling O
the O
huge O
demand O
for O
technical O
support O
from O
customers O
who O
were O
frustrated O
trying O
to O
install O
the O
system O
. O

He O
and O
other O
analysts O
said O
corporate O
America B-LOC
adopted O
a O
go-slow O
approach O
because O
Microsoft B-ORG
already O
was O
promoting O
the O
new O
version O
of O
its O
high-end O
Windows B-MISC
NT I-MISC
operating O
system O
, O
expected O
to O
be O
available O
in O
stores O
in O
the O
next O
several O
weeks O
. O

" O
Microsoft B-ORG
sent O
a O
lot O
of O
signals O
that O
NT B-MISC
was O
going O
to O
be O
the O
answer O
, O
" O
Winkler B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Many O
people O
began O
to O
believe O
that O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
was O
being O
downplayed O
. O
" O

But O
now O
that O
Windows B-MISC
NT I-MISC
4.0 I-MISC
has O
been O
launched O
, O
Winkler B-PER
and O
others O
believe O
only O
a O
relatively O
small O
proportion O
of O
corporate O
users O
will O
elect O
to O
pay O
the O
added O
software O
and O
hardware O
costs O
needed O
to O
use O
it O
instead O
of O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
. O

" O
Windows B-MISC
95 I-MISC
is O
going O
to O
do O
great O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

The O
mistake O
people O
made O
was O
in O
thinking O
it O
was O
going O
to O
be O
a O
fast O
, O
sweeping O
change O
rather O
than O
a O
slow O
, O
building O
change O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
says O
still O
committed O
to O
Cuba B-LOC
migration O
pacts O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
remained O
committed O
to O
migration O
accords O
with O
Cuba B-LOC
and O
would O
continue O
to O
repatriate O
intercepted O
Cuban B-MISC
migrants O
who O
attempted O
to O
enter O
U.S. B-LOC
territory O
illegally O
. O

A O
State B-ORG
Department I-ORG
statement O
appeared O
in O
part O
a O
response O
to O
Cuban B-MISC
complaints O
that O
Washington B-LOC
was O
jeopardising O
the O
accords O
by O
failing O
to O
return O
some O
of O
the O
Cubans B-MISC
involved O
in O
recent O
illegal O
migration O
incidents O
. O

" O
The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
reiterates O
its O
full O
commitment O
to O
the O
implementation O
" O
of O
the O
accords O
signed O
by O
the O
two O
countries O
in O
1994 O
and O
1995 O
, O
said O
the O
statement O
by O
spokesman O
Glyn B-PER
Davies I-PER
. O

" O
The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
will O
continue O
to O
return O
Cuban B-MISC
migrants O
intercepted O
at O
sea O
who O
seek O
to O
enter O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
or O
the O
Guantanamo B-LOC
Naval I-LOC
Base I-LOC
illegally O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

Washington B-LOC
would O
also O
take O
" O
prompt O
and O
effective O
law O
enforcement O
action O
" O
against O
alien O
smuggling O
and O
hijackings O
from O
Cuba B-LOC
, O
it O
added O
. O

Davies B-PER
told O
reporters O
the O
statement O
would O
be O
distributed O
in O
the O
Cuban B-MISC
exile O
community O
in O
Miami B-LOC
" O
to O
remind O
everyone O
of O
the O
importance O
of O
abiding O
by O
the O
accords O
and O
avoiding O
dangerous O
attempts O
to O
cross O
the O
straits O
" O
from O
Cuba B-LOC
to O
Florida B-LOC
. O

Havana B-LOC
's O
complaints O
centred O
on O
an O
incident O
in O
which O
a O
boatload O
of O
emigrants O
capsized O
in O
the O
Florida B-LOC
Straits I-LOC
last O
week O
and O
two O
recent O
aircraft O
hijackings O
from O
Cuba B-LOC
. O

Sixteen O
of O
those O
picked O
up O
from O
the O
boat O
were O
returned O
to O
Cuba B-LOC
but O
eight O
were O
taken O
to O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
and O
three O
to O
Guantanamo B-LOC
Bay I-LOC
, O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
base O
on O
Cuba B-LOC
, O
until O
they O
emigrated O
to O
another O
nation O
. O

The O
most O
recent O
hijacking O
, O
last O
Friday O
, O
involved O
three O
hijackers O
and O
the O
pilot O
of O
a O
small O
aircraft O
. O

Davies B-PER
said O
on O
Tuesday O
the O
pilot O
could O
soon O
return O
to O
Cuba B-LOC
but O
U.S. B-LOC
authorities O
planned O
to O
try O
the O
hijackers O
. O

In O
an O
incident O
on O
July O
7 O
, O
a O
Cuban B-MISC
interior B-ORG
ministry I-ORG
official O
hijacked O
a O
commercial O
plane O
and O
sought O
aylum O
at O
Guantanamo B-LOC
Bay I-LOC
. O

Davies B-PER
said O
he O
knew O
of O
no O
plans O
to O
return O
the O
man O
to O
Cuba B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Wis B-LOC
. O

says O
is O
first O
state O
to O
apply O
for O
new O
welfare O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

In O
keeping O
with O
its O
pioneering O
image O
in O
the O
area O
of O
welfare O
, O
Wisconsin B-LOC
was O
the O
first O
state O
to O
submit O
an O
administrative O
plan O
under O
the O
nation O
's O
new O
welfare O
law O
, O
Gov O
. O

Tommy B-PER
Thompson I-PER
said O
Thursday O
. O

According O
to O
a O
new O
release O
from O
the O
governor O
, O
Wisconsin B-LOC
submitted O
a O
plan O
to O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Department I-ORG
of I-ORG
Health I-ORG
and I-ORG
Human I-ORG
Services I-ORG
for O
administration O
of O
the O
new O
block O
grant O
system O
for O
welfare O
just O
minutes O
after O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
signed O
the O
measure O
into O
law O
Thursday O
. O

" O
As O
the O
nation O
's O
leader O
in O
welfare O
reform O
, O
Wisconsin B-LOC
is O
far O
ahead O
of O
the O
curve O
and O
ready O
to O
go O
under O
this O
new O
system O
, O
" O
Thompson B-PER
said O
. O

Still O
, O
the O
governor O
said O
the O
new O
law O
does O
not O
go O
as O
far O
as O
the O
state O
's O
own O
welfare O
reform O
program O
, O
dubbed O
W-2 B-MISC
. O

He O
said O
that O
despite O
the O
new O
law O
, O
Wisconsin B-LOC
will O
still O
require O
federal O
waivers O
allowing O
the O
working O
poor O
to O
acquire O
health O
care O
coverage O
from O
the O
state O
, O
a O
60-day O
residency O
requirement O
for O
participation O
in O
the O
welfare O
program O
, O
and O
child O
support O
collections O
to O
go O
directly O
to O
custodial O
parents O
. O

The O
nation O
's O
new O
welfare O
reform O
law O
limits O
eligibility O
, O
gives O
states O
more O
power O
and O
ends O
direct O
federal O
aid O
for O
poor O
children O
. O

-- O
Karen B-PER
Pierog I-PER
, O
312-408-8647 O

-DOCSTART- O

Snoozing O
Vietnamese B-MISC
man O
takes O
slow O
train O
to O
Alaska B-LOC
. O

ANCHORAGE B-LOC
, O
Alaska B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

A O
Vietnamese B-MISC
man O
who O
tried O
to O
take O
a O
snooze O
in O
a O
railway O
boxcar O
in O
Canada B-LOC
found O
himself O
locked O
in O
and O
bound O
for O
Alaska B-LOC
with O
no O
food O
or O
water O
. O

Officials O
in O
the O
port O
of O
Whittier B-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
they O
found O
Tuan B-PER
Quac I-PER
Phan I-PER
, O
29 O
, O
dehydrated O
, O
famished O
and O
terrified O
after O
sailing O
to O
Alaska B-LOC
from O
Canada B-LOC
in O
the O
boxcar O
loaded O
on O
a O
barge O
, O
a O
trip O
that O
takes O
about O
five O
days O
. O

Sgt O
. O

Dan B-PER
Jewell I-PER
of O
the O
Whittier B-LOC
, O
Alaska B-LOC
police O
department O
described O
Phan B-PER
as O
" O
extremely O
cooperative O
" O
. O
" O

Seeing O
me O
in O
my O
uniform O
, O
he O
kept O
saying O
, O
Jail O
better O
. O

Jail O
better O
. O
' O

" O

Phan B-PER
's O
accidental O
journey O
started O
last O
week O
in O
Prince B-LOC
Rupert I-LOC
, O
British B-LOC
Columbia I-LOC
, O
where O
he O
was O
searching O
for O
a O
fishing O
job O
, O
Jewell B-PER
said O
. O

" O
He O
had O
climbed O
up O
in O
this O
boxcar O
to O
get O
out O
of O
the O
weather O
and O
to O
get O
some O
sleep O
, O
" O
Jewell B-PER
said O
. O
" O

The O
next O
thing O
you O
know O
, O
the O
boxcar O
is O
coupled O
up O
and O
loaded O
up O
to O
a O
barge O
and O
headed O
north O
. O
" O

Police O
found O
Phan B-PER
late O
on O
Monday O
when O
the O
boxcar O
, O
which O
was O
transporting O
lumber O
, O
was O
opened O
at O
Whittier B-LOC
, O
a O
port O
in O
western O
Prince B-LOC
William I-LOC
Sound I-LOC
. O

Officials O
fed O
Phan B-PER
some O
soup O
, O
gave O
him O
medical O
care O
, O
kept O
him O
overnight O
and O
then O
fed O
him O
a O
large O
breakfast O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

State O
, O
federal O
agents O
probe O
Arkansas B-LOC
church O
fires O
. O

Steve B-PER
Barnes I-PER

LITTLE B-LOC
ROCK I-LOC
, O
Ark B-LOC
. O

1996-08-22 O

State O
and O
federal O
agents O
on O
Thursday O
sifted O
through O
the O
rubble O
of O
two O
predominantly O
black O
Arkansas B-LOC
churches O
that O
burned O
within O
minutes O
of O
one O
another O
late O
Tuesday O
and O
early O
Wednesday O
. O

Both O
churches O
were O
in O
the O
Mississippi B-LOC
delta O
region O
of O
Arkansas B-LOC
, O
about O
90 O
miles O
( O
145 O
kms O
) O
southeast O
of O
Little B-LOC
Rock I-LOC
, O
and O
were O
located O
within O
three O
miles O
of O
one O
another O
. O

" O
We O
're O
investigating O
with O
the O
idea O
that O
both O
fires O
may O
be O
arson O
, O
but O
that O
has O
n't O
been O
conclusively O
established O
, O
" O
said O
Wayne B-PER
Jordan I-PER
, O
a O
spokesman O
for O
the O
Arkansas B-ORG
State I-ORG
Police I-ORG
. O

Agents O
of O
the O
F.B.I. B-ORG
and O
the O
Bureau B-ORG
of I-ORG
Alcohol I-ORG
, I-ORG
Tobacco I-ORG
and I-ORG
Firearms I-ORG
were O
also O
at O
the O
scene O
, O
Jordan B-PER
said O
. O

Mount B-LOC
Zion I-LOC
Missionary I-LOC
Baptist I-LOC
Church I-LOC
and O
St. B-LOC
Matthews I-LOC
Missionary I-LOC
Baptist I-LOC
Church I-LOC
were O
both O
frame O
structures O
, O
each O
near O
Turner B-LOC
, O
Arkansas B-LOC
, O
a O
small O
community O
surrounded O
by O
cotton O
and O
soybean O
fields O
. O

" O
This O
is O
rural O
Arkansas B-LOC
. O

I O
'm O
surprised O
anyone O
could O
even O
find O
us O
out O
here O
, O
" O
said O
Fannie B-PER
Johnson I-PER
, O
a O
member O
of O
St. B-LOC
Matthew I-LOC
's I-LOC
, O
who O
said O
she O
believed O
arson O
was O
to O
blame O
. O

Others O
connected O
with O
the O
two O
churches O
said O
they O
shared O
that O
suspicion O
, O
although O
all O
said O
they O
knew O
of O
no O
motive O
and O
no O
racial O
tension O
in O
the O
area O
. O

" O
It O
's O
sad O
someone O
would O
have O
that O
kind O
of O
spite O
in O
their O
heart O
, O
" O
said O
Rev. O
Jerome B-PER
Turner I-PER
, O
pastor O
of O
Mount B-LOC
Zion I-LOC
Missionary I-LOC
Baptist I-LOC
Church I-LOC
. O

Arkansas B-LOC
has O
been O
spared O
the O
loss O
of O
predominantly O
black O
churches O
to O
arson O
, O
a O
wave O
that O
has O
claimed O
an O
estimated O
30 O
houses O
of O
worship O
across O
the O
south O
in O
the O
past O
several O
months O
. O

A O
black O
church O
near O
Camden B-LOC
, O
Arkansas B-LOC
, O
about O
100 O
miles O
( O
161 O
kms O
) O
south O
of O
Little B-LOC
Rock I-LOC
, O
burned O
in O
July O
, O
but O
federal O
agents O
have O
not O
determined O
the O
cause O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RESEARCH O
ALERT O
- O
Royal B-ORG
Oak I-ORG
initiated O
. O

-- O
EVEREN B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
Friday O
it O
initiated O
coverage O
of O
Royal B-ORG
Oak I-ORG
Mines I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
with O
an O
outperform O
rating O
. O

-- O
It O
set O
earnings O
estimates O
of O
$ O
0.08 O
a O
share O
for O
fiscal O
1996 O
, O
$ O
0.13 O
for O
1997 O
, O
$ O
0.40 O
for O
1998 O
and O
$ O
0.43 O
for O
1999 O
. O

-- O
" O
Based O
on O
our O
simulated O
production O
, O
income O
and O
cash O
flow O
models O
, O
common O
shares O
of O
Royal B-ORG
Oak I-ORG
are O
at O
a O
significant O
discount O
to O
the O
industry O
averages O
, O
" O
EVEREN B-ORG
said O
. O

-- O
The O
short-term O
price O
objective O
is O
$ O
5 O
a O
share O
and O
the O
long-term O
objective O
is O
$ O
9 O
. O

-- O
Royal B-ORG
Oak I-ORG
shares O
were O
down O
1/16 O
at O
3-11/16 O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
Chicago I-ORG
Newsdesk I-ORG
- O
312-408-8787 O

-DOCSTART- O

SunGard B-ORG
to O
buy O
CheckFree B-ORG
unit O
. O

SAN B-LOC
MATEO I-LOC
, O
Calif. B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

SunGard B-ORG
Shareholder I-ORG
Systems I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
a O
subsidiary O
of O
SunGard B-ORG
Data I-ORG
Systems I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
said O
it O
had O
entered O
into O
a O
definitive O
agreement O
to O
buy O
the O
Securities B-ORG
Products I-ORG
Business I-ORG
unit O
of O
CheckFree B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

The O
company O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
on O
Friday O
the O
deal O
was O
expected O
to O
be O
finalized O
in O
September O
. O

Terms O
were O
not O
disclosed O
. O

The O
purchase O
is O
not O
expected O
to O
have O
a O
material O
effect O
o O
SunGard B-ORG
's O
financial O
condition O
or O
results O
of O
operations O
. O

-- O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
newsroom O
, O
( O
212 O
) O
859-1610 O

-DOCSTART- O

Alpha B-ORG
Techs I-ORG
closes O
Lockhart B-ORG
purchase O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Alpha B-ORG
Technologies I-ORG
Group I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
it O
had O
closed O
on O
its O
agreement O
to O
acquire O
Lockhart B-ORG
Industries I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

The O
company O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
late O
on O
Thursday O
that O
it O
issued O
280,556 O
shares O
of O
common O
stock O
for O
the O
stock O
of O
Lockhart B-ORG
. O

These O
shares O
are O
subject O
to O
post-closing O
adjustments O
. O

Lockhart B-ORG
, O
based O
in O
Paramount B-LOC
, O
Calif. B-LOC
, O
is O
a O
designer O
and O
manufacturer O
of O
sophisticated O
thermal O
management O
products O
. O

-- O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
newsroom O
, O
( O
212 O
) O
859-1610 O

-DOCSTART- O

Analysts O
hold O
Dutch B-ORG
PTT I-ORG
estimates O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Dutch B-MISC
post O
and O
telecoms O
group O
Koninklijke B-ORG
PTT I-ORG
Nederland I-ORG
NV I-ORG
's O
( O
Dutch B-ORG
PTT I-ORG
) O
first O
half O
results O
came O
marginally O
below O
most O
analysts O
' O
forecasts O
, O
giving O
scant O
grounds O
to O
adjust O
full O
year O
estimates O
, O
analysts O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

PTT B-ORG
earlier O
announced O
an O
8.5 O
percent O
rise O
in O
net O
profit O
for O
the O
first O
six O
months O
of O
1996 O
to O
1.209 O
billion O
guilders O
, O
a O
hair O
's O
breadth O
below O
the O
1.210-1.236 O
billion O
forecast O
range O
. O

" O
They O
were O
pretty O
much O
in O
line O
with O
our O
estimate O
of O
1.210 O
billion O
, O
" O
said O
Peter B-PER
Roe I-PER
, O
at O
Paribas B-ORG
in O
London B-LOC
. O
" O

As O
we O
expected O
volume O
growth O
was O
quite O
good O
... O

there O
's O
really O
no O
reason O
to O
change O
our O
forecast O
and O
our O
largely O
positive O
view O
on O
the O
stock O
. O
" O

" O
Coming O
just O
a O
million O
guilders O
under O
the O
forecast O
range O
is O
n't O
overwhelmingly O
surprising O
, O
" O
said O
ING B-ORG
analyst O
Steven B-PER
Vrolijk I-PER
, O
who O
is O
continuing O
to O
look O
for O
a O
nine O
to O
10 O
percent O
rise O
in O
1996 O
earnings O
. O

" O
They O
've O
got O
a O
very O
sound O
domestic O
business O
which O
is O
doing O
very O
well O
, O
we O
remain O
positive O
on O
the O
stock O
, O
" O
said O
Roe B-PER
. O
" O

We O
think O
it O
's O
a O
solid O
performer O
in O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
market O
. O
" O

Roe B-PER
said O
he O
was O
sticking O
by O
his O
forecast O
of O
a O
2.45 O
billion O
guilder O
net O
for O
1996 O
. O

Dutch B-ORG
PTT I-ORG
earlier O
on O
Friday O
repeated O
a O
forecast O
it O
would O
improve O
on O
1995 O
's O
2.26 O
billion O
guilder O
net O
profit O
for O
the O
whole O
year O
of O
1996 O
. O

By O
1403 O
GMT B-MISC
the O
shares O
were O
down O
1.70 O
guilders O
to O
61.00 O
guilders O
, O
falling O
in O
a O
weaker O
Amsterdam B-LOC
bourse O
. O

-- O
Keiron B-PER
Henderson I-PER
, O
Amsterdam B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O

-DOCSTART- O

Boskalis B-ORG
upgrades O
1996 O
outlook O
. O

[ O
CORRECTED O
13:12 O
GMT B-MISC
] O

PAPENDRECHT B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Dredging O
group O
Koninklijke B-ORG
Boskalis I-ORG
Westminster I-ORG
NV I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
it O
expected O
higher O
turnover O
and O
profits O
for O
the O
second O
half O
of O
1996 O
( O
corrects O
from O
the O
full O
year O
1996 O
) O
. O

" O
An O
improvement O
is O
expected O
in O
capacity O
utilisation O
, O
turnover O
and O
profits O
, O
" O
the O
company O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
world O
's O
largest O
dredger O
said O
in O
March O
that O
it O
was O
uncertain O
whether O
it O
could O
hold O
1996 O
full-year O
profit O
steady O
at O
the O
previous O
year O
's O
70.9 O
million O
guilders O
, O
but O
added O
long-term O
prospects O
were O
good O
. O

Boskalis B-ORG
reported O
1996 O
first-half O
net O
profit O
fell O
to O
27.5 O
million O
guilders O
from O
a O
year-earlier O
41.4 O
million O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Greek B-MISC
president O
dissolves O
parliament O
for O
snap O
vote O
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Greek B-MISC
President O
Costis B-PER
Stephnopoulos I-PER
signed O
a O
decree O
on O
Thursday O
ordering O
the O
dissolution O
of O
the O
300-seat O
parliament O
ahead O
of O
snap O
elections O
on O
September O
22 O
. O

" O
The O
President O
of O
the O
Republic B-MISC
Costis B-PER
Stephanopoulos I-PER
signed O
the O
decree O
for O
the O
dissolution O
of O
parliament O
, O
" O
a O
presidency O
statement O
said O
. O

Socialist O
Prime O
Minister O
Costas B-PER
Simitis I-PER
announced O
the O
snap O
poll O
on O
Thursday O
citing O
problems O
with O
the O
economy O
, O
the O
country O
's O
convergence O
with O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
tense O
relations O
with O
neighbouring O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

Elections O
were O
originally O
scheduled O
to O
be O
held O
in O
October O
next O
year O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Libyan B-MISC
man O
murdered O
in O
Malta B-LOC
. O

VALLETTA B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

A O
Libyan B-MISC
man O
has O
been O
found O
stabbed O
to O
death O
in O
Malta B-LOC
, O
police O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

They O
said O
the O
body O
of O
Amer B-PER
Hishem I-PER
Ali I-PER
Mohammed I-PER
, O
23 O
, O
was O
found O
in O
a O
pool O
of O
blood O
in O
Sliema B-LOC
, O
seven O
km O
( O
four O
miles O
) O
from O
Valletta B-LOC
, O
on O
Wednesday O
morning O
. O

He O
appeared O
to O
have O
been O
killed O
on O
Tuesday O
night O
, O
suffering O
at O
least O
eight O
stab O
wounds O
. O

Police O
Commissioner O
George B-PER
Grech I-PER
said O
police O
were O
investigating O
the O
possibility O
that O
Mohammed B-PER
had O
links O
to O
an O
Islamic B-MISC
militant O
group O
as O
reported O
by O
the O
local O
press O
. O

" O
What O
we O
know O
is O
that O
he O
was O
a O
fervant O
religious O
man O
, O
we O
cannot O
exclude O
anything O
in O
investigations O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Deutsche B-ORG
Bahn I-ORG
H1 O
pre-tax O
profit O
up O
17.5 O
pct O
. O

FRANKFURT B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Six O
months O
to O
June O
30 O

( O
in O
millions O
of O
marks O
unless O
stated O
) O

Group O
pre-tax O
profit O
188 O
vs O
160 O

Group O
sales O
14,600 O
up O
3.3 O
pct O

NOTE O
- O
Full O
name O
of O
the O
state-owned O
German B-MISC
railway O
company O
is O
Deutsche B-ORG
Bahn I-ORG
AG I-ORG
. O

The O
company O
is O
earmarked O
for O
eventual O
privatisatio O

also O
covers O
snap O
FAT8222 O

Revenue O
from O
long-distance O
passenger O

traffic O
2,500 O
up O
6.4 O
pct O

Revenue O
from O
commuter O
traffic O
5,400 O
up O
4.6 O
pct O

Revenue O
from O
freight O
traffic O
3,200 O
down O
5.1 O
pct O

Group O
workforce O
on O
June O
30 O
300,962 O
down O
3.7 O
oct O

NOTE O
- O
Sales O
, O
profit O
compare O
with O
first O
half O
of O
1995 O
, O
workforce O
compares O
with O
Dec O
31 O
. O

-- O
Frankfurt B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+49 O
69 O
756525 O

-DOCSTART- O

Sea O
lion O
paparazzi O
to O
keep O
tabs O
on O
whales O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-22 O

U.S. B-LOC
marine O
biologists O
have O
trained O
a O
pair O
of O
sea O
lions O
to O
tag O
and O
photograph O
elusive O
whales O
as O
they O
cruise O
through O
the O
Pacific B-LOC
depths O
, O
New B-ORG
Scientist I-ORG
magazine O
reported O
on O
Thursday O
. O

James B-PER
Harvey I-PER
and O
Jennifer B-PER
Hurley I-PER
of O
the O
Moss B-ORG
Landing I-ORG
Marine I-ORG
Laboratories I-ORG
in O
California B-LOC
say O
their O
sea O
lions O
, O
natural O
companions O
of O
many O
species O
of O
whale O
, O
can O
go O
where O
no O
man O
or O
woman O
has O
ever O
gone O
before O
. O

" O
Any O
diver O
knows O
that O
when O
a O
whale O
gets O
going O
you O
ca O
n't O
keep O
up O
, O
" O
Harvey B-PER
told O
the O
magazine O
. O
" O

That O
is O
why O
we O
know O
only O
about O
five O
percent O
of O
what O
whales O
do O
. O
" O

The O
sea O
lions O
-- O
17-year-old O
Beaver B-PER
and O
nine-year-old O
Sake B-PER
-- O
have O
undergone O
six O
years O
of O
training O
for O
their O
mission O
. O

Beaver B-PER
once O
worked O
for O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Navy I-ORG
and O
Sake B-PER
is O
an O
amusement O
park O
veteran O
. O

Harvey B-PER
said O
they O
could O
accurately O
tag O
whales O
with O
a O
radio O
transmitter O
, O
and O
could O
also O
swim O
all O
the O
way O
around O
one O
of O
the O
giant O
mammals O
, O
filming O
it O
with O
a O
video O
camera O
. O

Their O
first O
assignment O
, O
later O
this O
year O
, O
will O
be O
documenting O
humpback O
whale O
migration O
off O
Monterey B-LOC
, O
California B-LOC
. O

The O
article O
did O
not O
spell O
out O
exactly O
how O
the O
sea O
lions O
manage O
to O
tag O
the O
whales O
but O
said O
in O
training O
they O
were O
taught O
to O
stick O
a O
radio O
transmitter O
on O
to O
a O
plastic O
model O
of O
a O
whale O
using O
suction O
cups O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Australia B-ORG
Senate I-ORG
jeopardises O
rate O
cut O
- O
Howard B-PER
. O

CANBERRA B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Australian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
John B-PER
Howard I-PER
said O
the O
possibility O
of O
lower O
interest O
rates O
was O
being O
jeopardised O
by O
Parliament O
's O
upper O
house O
where O
opposition O
parties O
planned O
to O
scrutinise O
the O
1996/97 O
budget O
. O

" O
Every O
time O
the O
Senate B-ORG
hacks O
away O
at O
the O
budget O
, O
they O
hack O
away O
at O
the O
lower O
interest O
rate O
environment O
, O
" O
Howard B-PER
told O
reporters O
on O
Thursday O
night O
after O
attending O
a O
Liberal B-ORG
Party I-ORG
function O
. O

Senior O
ministers O
have O
repeatedly O
warned O
since O
the O
fiscally-tight O
budget O
was O
handed O
down O
on O
Tuesday O
night O
that O
the O
chance O
of O
lower O
official O
rates O
could O
be O
hampered O
in O
the O
Senate B-ORG
. O

The O
budget O
contained O
sharp O
spending O
cuts O
in O
areas O
such O
as O
the O
labour O
market O
to O
reduce O
the O
deficit O
to O
about O
A$ B-MISC
5.6 O
billion O
. O

The O
conservative O
government O
's O
plan O
for O
reform O
of O
the O
industrial O
relations O
environment O
and O
to O
partially O
sell O
Telstra B-ORG
has O
also O
been O
opposed O
by O
parties O
in O
the O
Senate B-ORG
such O
as O
the O
Greens B-ORG
and O
Australian B-ORG
Democrats I-ORG
as O
well O
as O
the O
official O
opposition O
, O
the O
Labor B-ORG
Party I-ORG
. O

Official O
cash O
rates O
were O
last O
cut O
on O
July O
31 O
to O
7.0 O
percent O
. O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Toyota B-ORG
Australia I-ORG
workers O
to O
return O
to O
work O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Over O
2,000 O
striking O
workers O
voted O
on O
Friday O
to O
return O
to O
work O
on O
Monday O
at O
Toyota B-ORG
Australia I-ORG
's O
Melbourne B-LOC
assembly O
line O
, O
ending O
a O
two-week O
stoppage O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Niugini B-ORG
shares O
surge O
on O
bid O
talk O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Shares O
in O
gold O
miner O
Niugini B-ORG
Mining I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
surged O
38 O
cents O
to O
A$ B-MISC
3.75 O
early O
on O
Friday O
following O
confirmation O
on O
Thursday O
from O
Battle B-ORG
Mountain I-ORG
Gold I-ORG
that O
it O
was O
considering O
acquiring O
the O
49.6 O
percent O
of O
Niugini B-ORG
it O
did O
not O
already O
own O
. O

Niugini B-ORG
Mining I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
Battle B-ORG
Mountain I-ORG
had O
initiated O
talks O
about O
acquiring O
the O
shares O
in O
Niugini B-ORG
it O
does O
not O
already O
own O
. O
" O

Battle B-ORG
Mountain I-ORG
are O
set O
to O
take O
out O
the O
minorities O
there O
soon O
, O
" O
said O
a O
Sydney B-LOC
broker O
. O

Niugini B-ORG
holds O
copper O
and O
gold O
mining O
interests O
in O
Australia B-LOC
, O
Chile B-LOC
and O
Papua B-LOC
New I-LOC
Guinea I-LOC
, O
where O
it O
has O
a O
17.2 O
percent O
stake O
in O
the O
Lihir B-ORG
gold O
project O
. O

By O
11.25 O
a.m. O
( O
0025 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
, O
Niugini B-ORG
Mining I-ORG
shares O
were O
at O
A$ B-MISC
3.65 O
, O
up O
28 O
cents O
on O
turnover O
of O
108,288 O
shares O
. O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373 O
1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
students O
throw O
" O
irreplaceable O
" O
rocks O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Students O
at O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
's O
Yonsei B-ORG
University I-ORG
threw O
more O
than O
just O
ordinary O
rocks O
at O
riot O
police O
-- O
some O
were O
samples O
that O
the O
geology O
department O
had O
taken O
30 O
years O
to O
collect O
, O
newspapers O
reported O
on O
Friday O
. O

Geology O
prefessors O
were O
quoted O
as O
saying O
that O
their O
collection O
of O
10,000 O
rocks O
, O
gathered O
from O
across O
the O
nation O
and O
abroad O
, O
were O
irreplaceable O
. O

" O
These O
are O
not O
like O
missing O
window O
panes O
or O
broken O
desks O
. O

They O
are O
lost O
forever O
, O
" O
said O
one O
professor O
. O

The O
students O
staged O
a O
violent O
nine-day O
demonstration O
at O
the O
university O
to O
demand O
unification O
with O
North B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
. O

Police O
ended O
the O
protest O
on O
Tuesday O
after O
storming O
the O
campus O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

S. B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
won O
ends O
up O
on O
dollar O
position O
unwinding O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

The O
won O
rose O
against O
the O
dollar O
on O
Friday O
as O
banks O
unwound O
dollar O
positions O
on O
the O
belief O
that O
the O
won O
would O
continue O
to O
strengthen O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

The O
won O
closed O
at O
818.10 O
, O
after O
opening O
at O
819.10 O
. O

It O
ranged O
from O
817.60 O
to O
819.30 O
. O

" O
The O
dollar O
is O
overbought O
at O
the O
moment O
, O
" O
said O
a O
western O
bank O
dealer O
. O
" O

The O
central O
bank O
's O
insistent O
intervention O
just O
above O
the O
820 O
level O
convinced O
players O
that O
it O
is O
serious O
about O
supporting O
the O
won O
. O

So O
some O
foreign O
banks O
began O
unwinding O
their O
dollar O
positions O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Orii B-ORG
- O
96/97 O
group O
forecast O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Year O
to O
May O
31 O
, O
1997 O

( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

LATEST O
ACTUAL O

( O
Group O
) O
FORECAST O
YEAR-AGO O

Sales O
8.70 O
8.67 O

Current O
prft O
7 O
mln O
loss O
371 O
mln O

Net O
nil O
loss O
447 O
mln O

EPS O
nil O
yen O
loss O
48.61 O
yen O

NOTE O
- O
Orii B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
makes O
automation O
equipment O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Orii B-ORG
- O
95/96 O
group O
results O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Year O
to O
May O
31 O
, O
1996 O

( O
Group O
) O
( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

Sales O
8.67 O
vs O
9.33 O

Operating O
loss O
286 O
million O
vs O
loss O
48 O
million O

Current O
loss O
371 O
million O
vs O
loss O
278 O
million O

Net O
loss O
447 O
million O
vs O
loss O
350 O
million O

EPS O
loss O
48.61 O
yen O
vs O
loss O
38.11 O
yen O

Diluted O
EPS O
- O
vs O
- O

NOTE O
- O
Orii B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
makes O
automation O
equipment O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
copper O
stocks O
owned O
by O
state O
reserve O
- O
trade O
. O

Lynne B-PER
O'Donnell I-PER

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Up O
to O
100,000 O
tonnes O
of O
copper O
held O
in O
Shanghai B-LOC
bonded O
warehouses O
, O
confounding O
the O
world O
market O
as O
to O
its O
source O
and O
ultimate O
fate O
, O
probably O
belongs O
to O
China B-LOC
's O
strategic O
state O
reserve O
, O
industry O
sources O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Around O
40,000 O
tonnes O
of O
the O
copper O
have O
already O
been O
moved O
to O
warehouses O
near O
the O
northern O
port O
of O
Yingkou B-LOC
, O
where O
some O
of O
the O
strategic O
stockpile O
was O
stored O
, O
they O
said O
. O

Just O
who O
owns O
the O
copper O
is O
a O
question O
that O
has O
kept O
traders O
and O
industry O
analysts O
guessing O
since O
the O
metal O
was O
channelled O
into O
Shanghai B-LOC
by O
the O
China B-ORG
National I-ORG
Nonferrous I-ORG
Metals I-ORG
Import I-ORG
and I-ORG
Export I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
( O
CNIEC B-ORG
) O
in O
June O
and O
July O
. O

It O
was O
unclear O
whether O
or O
not O
the O
40,000 O
tonnes O
had O
cleared O
customs O
-- O
which O
would O
provide O
some O
concrete O
indication O
that O
the O
strategic O
reserve O
, O
administered O
directly O
by O
the O
central O
government O
's O
State B-ORG
Planning I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
, O
owned O
the O
copper O
. O

Traders O
have O
said O
the O
reserve O
could O
negotiate O
concessions O
on O
duties O
-- O
three O
percent O
import O
tax O
and O
17 O
percent O
value-added O
tax O
-- O
that O
made O
the O
copper O
prohibitively O
expensive O
otherwise O
. O

But O
one O
source O
, O
the O
head O
of O
a O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
trading O
house O
, O
said O
it O
made O
no O
difference O
if O
the O
copper O
was O
customs O
cleared O
or O
not O
. O

" O
If O
they O
spend O
all O
this O
money O
moving O
the O
copper O
to O
Yingkou B-LOC
, O
it O
will O
be O
sitting O
there O
for O
years O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
Once O
it O
arrives O
in O
Yingkou B-LOC
, O
it O
is O
subject O
to O
monitoring O
by O
the O
State B-ORG
Planning I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
, O
which O
has O
to O
give O
permission O
for O
any O
more O
movement O
; O
it O
is O
out O
of O
the O
hands O
of O
traders O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Mystery O
has O
surrounded O
the O
Shanghai B-LOC
stockpile O
in O
recent O
months O
, O
with O
traders O
unsure O
not O
only O
of O
who O
owns O
it O
, O
but O
of O
its O
exact O
size O
and O
what O
its O
owner O
planned O
to O
do O
with O
it O
. O

Trading O
sources O
generally O
agreed O
it O
would O
be O
cost-effective O
to O
take O
the O
copper O
back O
into O
a O
depleted O
central O
reserve O
as O
it O
had O
already O
served O
its O
purpose O
in O
taking O
advantage O
of O
long-term O
backwardation O
on O
the O
London B-ORG
Metal I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
LME B-ORG
) O
. O

A O
backwardation O
occurs O
when O
the O
spot O
price O
of O
a O
metal O
is O
higher O
than O
the O
forward O
price O
. O

CNIEC B-ORG
lent O
around O
85,000 O
tonnes O
of O
copper O
onto O
the O
LME B-ORG
between O
April O
and O
June O
1995 O
on O
behalf O
of O
the O
state O
reserve O
, O
running O
the O
state O
stockpile O
down O
to O
115,000 O
tonnes O
from O
200,000 O
tonnes O
previously O
. O

Traders O
in O
Asia B-LOC
said O
CNIEC B-ORG
could O
well O
have O
lent O
it O
to O
the O
market O
at O
around O
US$ B-MISC
2,700 O
a O
tonne O
, O
and O
then O
paid O
somewhere O
between O
$ O
2,200 O
and O
$ O
2,400 O
a O
tonne O
when O
it O
started O
taking O
the O
metal O
back O
earlier O
this O
year O
. O

This O
would O
have O
cleared O
CNIEC B-ORG
a O
healthy O
profit O
, O
which O
could O
then O
have O
been O
used O
to O
finance O
storage O
and O
other O
costs O
. O

Word O
that O
CNIEC B-ORG
had O
offered O
the O
copper O
to O
European B-MISC
trading O
houses O
in O
a O
series O
of O
secret O
meetings O
unnerved O
an O
already O
jittery O
market O
. O

Industry O
analysts O
Bloomsbury B-ORG
Minerals I-ORG
Economics I-ORG
( O
BME B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
the O
motivation O
of O
the O
owners O
of O
the O
85,000 O
tonnes O
, O
" O
whoever O
they O
are O
, O
is O
the O
most O
important O
short-term O
fundamental O
" O
in O
an O
already O
tight O
world O
market O
. O

BME B-ORG
repeated O
in O
its O
latest O
review O
rumours O
of O
involvement O
by O
Sumitomo B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
, O
with O
CNIEC B-ORG
said O
to O
be O
helping O
the O
Japanese B-MISC
trader O
unload O
its O
copper O
positions O
after O
it O
revealed O
in O
June O
losses O
of O
$ O
1.8 O
billion O
in O
a O
decade O
of O
unauthorised O
deals O
. O

Sumitomo B-ORG
and O
CNIEC B-ORG
have O
made O
no O
comments O
on O
the O
talk O
and O
Chinese B-MISC
traders O
said O
they O
know O
nothing O
of O
such O
an O
arrangement O
. O

Traders O
in O
Shanghai B-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
they O
were O
unaware O
of O
movements O
out O
of O
the O
Shanghai B-LOC
bonded O
warehouses O
. O

They O
reported O
more O
arrivals O
that O
were O
probably O
spot O
purchases O
. O

They O
also O
expressed O
concern O
that O
the O
tonnage O
in O
bonded O
warehouses O
would O
move O
onto O
the O
domestic O
market O
. O

But O
these O
concerns O
were O
irrelevant O
, O
a O
Singapore B-LOC
trader O
said O
, O
despite O
a O
forecast O
that O
domestic O
Chinese B-MISC
copper O
demand O
could O
hit O
one O
million O
tonnes O
this O
year O
. O

As O
with O
many O
commodities O
, O
" O
there O
is O
a O
desire O
( O
by O
the O
Chinese B-MISC
government O
) O
to O
keep O
a O
stockpile O
of O
the O
metal O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

You O
do O
n't O
keep O
it O
to O
help O
industry O
, O
you O
keep O
it O
in O
case O
of O
emergency O
. O
" O

-- O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
newsroom O
( O
852 O
) O
2843-6470 O

-DOCSTART- O

Companion B-ORG
Marble I-ORG
posts O
1st O
final O
result O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Year O
ended O
March O
31 O

( O
in O
million O
HK$ B-MISC
unless O
stated O
) O

Shr O
( O
H.K. B-LOC
cents O
) O
14.0 O

Dividend O
( O
H.K. B-LOC
cents O
) O
nil O

Exceptional O
items O
nil O

Net O
56.06 O

Turnover O
531.52 O

Company O
name O
Companion B-ORG
Marble I-ORG
( O
Holdings B-ORG
) O
Ltd B-ORG

Books O
close O
N O
/ O
A O

Dividend O
payable O
N O
/ O
A O

NOTE O
- O
Marble O
and O
granite O
products O
distributor O
Companion B-ORG
Marble I-ORG
, O
a O
spinoff O
of O
construction O
materials O
concern O
Companion B-ORG
Building I-ORG
Material I-ORG
( O
Holdings B-ORG
) O
Ltd B-ORG
, O
was O
listed O
on O
the O
Stock B-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
on O
April O
25 O
, O
1996 O
. O

-- O
Hong B-ORG
Kong I-ORG
News I-ORG
Room I-ORG
( O
852 O
) O
2843 O
6368 O

-DOCSTART- O

Softbank B-ORG
to O
procure O
$ O
900 O
mln O
via O
forex O
by O
Sept O
5 O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Softbank B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
that O
it O
would O
procure O
$ O
900 O
million O
through O
the O
foreign O
exchange O
market O
by O
September O
5 O
as O
part O
of O
its O
acquisition O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
firm O
, O
Kingston B-ORG
Technology I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O

" O
It O
is O
in O
the O
contract O
that O
we O
pay O
( O
Kingston B-ORG
) O
$ O
900 O
million O
by O
September O
5 O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
adding O
that O
Softbank B-ORG
had O
already O
started O
making O
forward O
transactions O
to O
buy O
dollars O
. O

On O
August O
15 O
, O
computer O
software O
retailer O
Softbank B-ORG
said O
it O
would O
buy O
80 O
percent O
of O
Kingston B-ORG
, O
the O
world O
's O
largest O
maker O
of O
memory O
boards O
, O
for O
about O
$ O
1.5 O
billion O
in O
the O
latest O
in O
a O
series O
of O
high-profile O
acquisitions O
it O
has O
made O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Shanghai B-ORG
Post I-ORG
and I-ORG
Telecomm I-ORG
net O
down O
. O

SHANGHAI B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Half-year O
ended O
June O
30 O
, O
1996 O

( O
in O
millions O
of O
yuan O
unless O
stated O
) O

Turnover O
115.259 O
vs O
123.157 O

Net O
profit O
20.318 O
vs O
22.828 O

Net O
asset O
per O
share O
3.02 O
yuan O
( O
no O
comparative O
figure O
) O

Earnings O
per O
share O
0.14 O
yuan O
( O
no O
comparative O
figure O
) O

Company O
name O
: O
Shanghai B-ORG
Posts I-ORG
and I-ORG
Telecommunications I-ORG
Equipment I-ORG
Co I-ORG

Note O
: O
the O
figures O
were O
unaudited O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Promodes B-ORG
set O
to O
sell O
German B-MISC
assets O
- O
paper O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

German B-MISC
retailer O
Promodes B-ORG
is O
in O
advanced O
talks O
about O
selling O
its O
German B-MISC
assets O
and O
the O
retailer O
's O
board O
might O
decide O
as O
soon O
as O
Tuesday O
to O
sell O
the O
assets O
to O
Spar B-ORG
AG I-ORG
, O
Les B-ORG
Echos I-ORG
newspaper O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

It O
said O
investment O
bank O
Rothschild B-ORG
& I-ORG
Cie I-ORG
was O
an O
intermediary O
in O
the O
talks O
and O
added O
that O
unlisted O
German B-MISC
retailers O
Metro B-ORG
, O
Rewe B-ORG
and O
Lidl B-ORG
were O
also O
still O
in O
discussions O
. O

Promodes B-ORG
has O
in O
Germany B-LOC
its O
Promo O
hypermarket O
unit O
with O
36 O
Continent O
superstores O
, O
which O
is O
1995 O
generated O
4.7 O
percent O
of O
total O
Promodes B-ORG
sales O
. O

The O
French B-MISC
group O
entered O
the O
German B-MISC
market O
in O
1990 O
, O
buying O

In O
June O
, O
Promodes B-ORG
signed O
an O
outline O
agreement O
to O
sell O
its O
Specia B-ORG
unit O
-- O
which O
runs O
100 O
Dia B-ORG
stores O
in O
France B-LOC
-- O
to O
Germany B-LOC
's O
Aldi B-ORG
. O

Promodes B-ORG
was O
not O
immediately O
available O
for O
comment O
. O

-- O
Paris B-LOC
newsroom O
+33 O
1 O
4221 O
5452 O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Ireland B-LOC
- O
August O
23 O
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Following O
are O
highlights O
of O
stories O
in O
the O
Irish B-MISC
press O
on O
Friday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

IRISH B-ORG
INDEPENDENT I-ORG

- O
Ireland B-LOC
's O
biggest O
mortgage O
lender O
Irish B-ORG
Permanent I-ORG
ended O
weeks O
of O
stalemate O
when O
it O
announced O
it O
was O
increasing O
its O
mortgage O
lending O
rate O
by O
a O
quarter O
of O
a O
percentage O
point O
. O

- O
Two O
investors O
who O
claim O
to O
be O
owed O
nearly O
one O
million O
Irish B-MISC
pounds O
by O
fund O
manager O
Tony B-PER
Taylor I-PER
believe O
they O
may O
have O
lost O
their O
money O
. O

- O
A O
second O
Japanese B-MISC
trawler O
was O
under O
arrest O
on O
Thursday O
night O
as O
the O
Irish B-ORG
Navy I-ORG
and O
Air B-ORG
Corps I-ORG
continued O
a O
cat O
and O
mouse O
game O
with O
up O
to O
40 O
vessels O
off O
the O
Irish B-MISC
coast O
. O

- O
The O
Irish B-ORG
Department I-ORG
of I-ORG
Enterprise I-ORG
and I-ORG
Employment I-ORG
has O
widened O
its O
probe O
into O
Taylor B-ORG
Asset I-ORG
Managers I-ORG
to O
include O
the O
investigation O
of O
investments O
of O
10 O
more O
investors O
. O

- O
Irish B-MISC
exploration O
company O
Ivernia B-ORG
and O
its O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
partner O
Minorco B-ORG
have O
received O
planning O
permission O
from O
the O
local O
county O
council O
for O
a O
major O
lead O
and O
zinc O
mine O
at O
Lisheen B-LOC
, O
County B-LOC
Tipperary I-LOC
. O

- O
Building O
materials O
firm O
CRH B-ORG
refused O
to O
comment O
on O
reports O
that O
it O
is O
about O
to O
pay O
180 O
million O
pounds O
stering O
for O
U.S. B-LOC
stone O
and O
concrete O
business O
Tilcon B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

IRISH B-ORG
TIMES I-ORG

- O
Mortgage O
lending O
rates O
are O
on O
the O
way O
up O
with O
banks O
and O
building O
societies O
poised O
to O
add O
around O
a O
quarter O
of O
a O
percentage O
point O
to O
their O
main O
variable O
rates O
of O
interest O
. O

- O
Members O
of O
a O
County B-LOC
Antrim I-LOC
Protestant O
family O
who O
were O
driven O
into O
exile O
by O
by O
loyalist O
paramilitaries O
two O
years O
ago O
returned O
yesterday O
to O
live O
in O
Northern B-LOC
Ireland I-LOC
in O
defiance O
of O
the O
threat O
hanging O
over O
them O
. O

- O
Talks O
will O
resume O
next O
Tuesday O
in O
an O
attempt O
to O
avoid O
a O
major O
strike O
in O
Irish B-MISC
retail O
chain O
Dunnes B-ORG
Stores I-ORG
. O

- O
Top O
dealers O
in O
the O
London B-LOC
office O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
bankers O
Merrill B-ORG
Lynch I-ORG
are O
transferring O
to O
Dublin B-LOC
. O

- O
The O
Irish B-MISC
plastics O
industry O
called O
on O
the O
government O
to O
support O
incineration O
to O
deal O
with O
plastics O
not O
suitable O
for O
recycling O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ford B-ORG
China I-ORG
JV O
posts O
77 O
percent O
net O
drop O
in O
H1 O
96 O
. O

SHANGHAI B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

A O
Chinese B-MISC
truck O
maker O
in O
which O
Ford B-ORG
Motor I-ORG
Co I-ORG
has O
a O
20 O
percent O
stake O
said O
it O
posted O
a O
77 O
percent O
drop O
in O
post-tax O
profits O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
1996 O
. O

Jiangling B-ORG
Motors I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
, O
in O
a O
statement O
in O
Saturday O
's O
edition O
of O
the O
China B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
newspaper O
, O
said O
net O
profit O
in O
the O
period O
was O
3.385 O
million O
yuan O
, O
down O
from O
14.956 O
million O
in O
the O
same O
1995 O
period O
. O

Turnover O
fell O
to O
937.891 O
million O
yuan O
from O
1.215 O
billion O
, O
while O
net O
assets O
per O
share O
were O
1.88 O
yuan O
, O
unchanged O
, O
and O
earnings O
per O
share O
fell O
to O
0.005 O
yuan O
from O
0.02 O
yuan O
, O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

In O
the O
first O
half O
, O
the O
company O
said O
it O
produced O
8,333 O
vehicles O
and O
sold O
9,018 O
, O
but O
it O
did O
not O
explain O
the O
difference O
. O

It O
blamed O
the O
drop O
in O
profits O
on O
a O
weak O
vehicle O
market O
and O
said O
as O
its O
engine O
plant O
had O
only O
just O
started O
trial O
production O
, O
the O
company O
's O
results O
would O
not O
improve O
in O
the O
short-term O
. O

Ford B-ORG
owns O
138.643 O
million O
shares O
in O
the O
firm O
. O

The O
majority O
shareholder O
, O
with O
51 O
percent O
, O
or O
353.24 O
million O
shares O
, O
is O
Jiangling B-ORG
Motors I-ORG
Group I-ORG
. O

The O
company O
, O
in O
the O
southern O
province O
of O
Jiangxi B-LOC
, O
had O
about O
eight O
percent O
of O
China B-LOC
's O
light O
truck O
market O
in O
1994 O
. O

( O
$ O
1 O
= O
8.3 O
yuan O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
HAMLET B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

COMMACK B-LOC
, O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
from O
the O

Waldbaum B-MISC
Hamlet I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Saturday O
( O
prefix O

number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Semifinals O
: O

Martin B-PER
Damm I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Adrian B-PER
Voinea I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
5-7 O

7-5 O
7-5 O

5 O
- O
Andrei B-PER
Medvedev I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
beat O
Karol B-PER
Kucera I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
7-6 O

( O
7-0 O
) O
6-3 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
TOSHIBA B-MISC
CLASSIC I-MISC
. O

CARLSBAD B-LOC
, O
Calif. B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
from O
the O
$ O
450,000 O
Toshiba B-MISC
Classic I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Saturday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Semifinals O
: O

1 O
- O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
3 O
- O
Jana B-PER
Novotna I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
1-6 O
, O
6-2 O
6-3 O

4 O
- O
Kimiko B-PER
Date I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
2 O
- O
Conchita B-PER
Martinez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
7-5 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RALLYING O
- O
KANKKUNEN B-PER
IN O
COMMAND O
AS O
MCRAE B-PER
ROLLS O
OUT O
. O

JYVASKYLA B-LOC
, O
Finland B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Finland B-LOC
's O
Juha B-PER
Kankkunen I-PER
produced O
an O
impressive O
performance O
in O
his O
Toyota B-ORG
on O
Saturday O
to O
open O
up O
a O
37 O
seconds O
lead O
after O
six O
stages O
of O
the O
1,000 B-MISC
Lakes I-MISC
Rally I-MISC
, O
sixth O
round O
of O
the O
world O
championship O
. O

On O
a O
weekend O
overshadowed O
by O
Friday O
's O
fatal O
accident O
, O
four O
times O
world O
champion O
Kankunnen B-PER
emerged O
from O
the O
first O
five O
of O
Saturday O
's O
10 O
stages O
with O
a O
commanding O
advantage O
over O
his O
country O
's O
latest O
prospect O
, O
Marcus B-PER
Gronholm I-PER
, O
also O
in O
a O
Toyota B-ORG
. O

World O
championship O
leader O
Tommi B-PER
Makinen I-PER
in O
his O
Mitsubishi B-ORG
was O
third O
but O
current O
world O
champion O
Colin B-PER
McRae I-PER
ended O
a O
bad O
week O
by O
crashing O
out O
. O

After O
being O
fined O
$ O
250,000 O
by O
the O
sports O
governing O
body O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
the O
British B-MISC
driver O
rolled O
his O
Subaru B-ORG
6.5 O
km O
into O
stage O
six O
. O

He O
and O
co-driver O
Derek B-PER
Ringer I-PER
were O
unhurt O
but O
team O
boss O
David B-PER
Richards I-PER
was O
furious O
with O
them O
. O

" O
It O
's O
not O
unfortunate O
, O
it O
's O
incompetent O
, O
" O
he O
declared O
. O

Kankkunen B-PER
has O
set O
an O
astonishing O
pace O
for O
a O
driver O
who O
has O
not O
rallied O
for O
three O
months O
. O

" O
If O
you O
do O
a O
lot O
of O
something O
, O
sometimes O
it O
's O
good O
to O
have O
a O
break O
. O

It O
's O
not O
bad O
for O
an O
old O
man O
! O
" O

said O
the O
37-year-old O
veteran O
. O

Ford B-ORG
had O
a O
poor O
morning O
with O
Spaniard B-MISC
Carlos B-PER
Sainz I-PER
losing O
90 O
seconds O
through O
turbo O
trouble O
while O
Belgian B-MISC
Bruno B-PER
Thiry I-PER
dropped O
four O
minutes O
when O
a O
transmission O
shaft O
snapped O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTOR O
RACING O
- O
BELGIAN B-MISC
GRAND I-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
GRID O
POSITIONS O
. O

SPA-FRANCORCHAMPS B-LOC
, O
Belgium B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Grid O
positions O

for O
Sunday O
's O
Belgian B-MISC
Grand I-MISC
Prix I-MISC
motor O
race O
after O
final O

qualifying O
on O
Saturday O
: O

1. O
Jacques B-PER
Villeneuve I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
Williams B-ORG
1 O
minute O
50.574 O

seconds O
( O
average O
speed O
226.859 O
kph O
) O

2. O
Damon B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Williams B-ORG
1:50.980 O

3. O
Michael B-PER
Schumacher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Ferrari B-ORG
1:51.778 O

4. O
David B-PER
Coulthard I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
McLaren B-ORG
1:51.884 O

5. O
Gerhard B-PER
Berger I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
Benetton B-ORG
1:51.960 O

6. O
Mika B-PER
Hakkinen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
McLaren B-ORG
1:52.318 O

7. O
Jean B-PER
Alesi I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Benetton B-ORG
1:52.354 O

8. O
Martin B-PER
Brundle I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Jordan B-ORG
1:52.977 O

9. O
Eddie B-PER
Irvine I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Ferrari B-ORG
1:53.043 O

10. O
Rubens B-PER
Barrichello I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
Jordan B-ORG
1:53.152 O

Add O
grid O
: O

11. O
Heinz-Harald B-PER
Frentzen I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Sauber B-ORG
1:53.199 O

12. O
Johnny B-PER
Herbert I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Sauber B-ORG
1:53.993 O

13. O
Mika B-PER
Salo I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Tyrrell B-ORG
1:54.095 O

14. O
Olivier B-PER
Panis I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Ligier B-ORG
1:54.220 O

15. O
Pedro B-PER
Diniz I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
Ligier B-ORG
1:54.700 O

16. O
Jos B-PER
Verstappen I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Arrows B-ORG
1:55.150 O

17. O
Ukyo B-PER
Katayama I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Tyrrell B-ORG
1:55.371 O

18. O
Ricardo B-PER
Rosset I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
Arrows B-ORG
1:56.286 O

19. O
Pedro B-PER
Lamy I-PER
( O
Portugal B-LOC
) O
Minardi B-ORG
1:56.830 O

Did O
not O
qualify O
( O
times O
did O
not O
meet O
qualifying O
standard O
) O
: O

20. O
Giovanni B-PER
Lavaggi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Minardi B-ORG
1:58.579 O

-DOCSTART- O

RALLYING O
- O
BELGIAN B-MISC
SPECTATOR O
DIES O
IN O
FINNISH B-MISC
RALLY O
. O

JYVASKYLA B-LOC
, O
Finland B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

A O
Belgian B-MISC
man O
died O
and O
31 O
people O
were O
injured O
after O
an O
accident O
in O
Friday O
's O
opening O
phase O
of O
the O
world O
championship O
1,000 B-MISC
Lakes I-MISC
Rally I-MISC
. O

The O
unnamed O
victim O
died O
during O
the O
night O
, O
a O
hospital O
spokesman O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Danish B-MISC
driver O
Karsten B-PER
Richardt I-PER
had O
ploughed O
into O
the O
crowd O
during O
the O
two-kilometre O
first O
stage O
held O
in O
the O
host O
city O
of O
Jyvaskyla B-LOC
. O

Richardt B-PER
's O
Mitsubishi B-ORG
skidded O
down O
an O
escape O
road O
and O
ploughed O
into O
a O
cordoned-off O
area O
for O
spectators O
. O

A O
second O
Belgian B-MISC
was O
also O
seriously O
injured O
but O
the O
hospital O
spokesman O
said O
his O
life O
was O
not O
in O
danger O
. O

The O
stage O
was O
suspended O
but O
the O
four-day O
rally O
resumed O
on O
Saturday O
. O

A O
woman O
was O
killed O
before O
last O
year O
's O
event O
when O
she O
walked O
in O
front O
of O
a O
car O
practising O
on O
the O
course O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
TOSHIBA B-MISC
CLASSIC I-MISC
. O

CARLSBAD B-LOC
, O
California B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
from O
the O

$ O
450,000 O
Toshiba B-MISC
Classic I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Friday O
( O
prefix O

number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Quarterfinals O
: O

1 O
- O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Katarina B-PER
Studenikova I-PER

( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-3 O

3 O
- O
Jana B-PER
Novotna I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Sandrine B-PER
Testud I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O

2-6 O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6-3 O
. O

4 O
- O
Kimiko B-PER
Date I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
5 O
- O
Gabriela B-PER
Sabatini I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O

6-4 O
6-1 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
HAMLET B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

COMMACK B-LOC
, O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Results O
from O
the O

Waldbaum B-MISC
Hamlet I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Friday O
( O
prefix O
number O

denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Quarterfinals O
: O

Adrian B-PER
Voinea I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
beat O
Thomas B-PER
Johansson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
7-6 O

( O
7-4 O
) O
6-2 O

5 O
- O
Andrei B-PER
Medvedev I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jonathan B-PER
Stark I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
7-6 O

( O
7-4 O
) O
4-6 O
6-3 O

Martin B-PER
Damm I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Michael B-PER
Joyce I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
5-7 O

6-2 O
6-3 O

Karol B-PER
Kucera I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
beat O
1 O
- O
Michael B-PER
Chang I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF B-LOC
- O
THUNDERSTORMS O
FORCE O
SUSPENSION O
OF O
SECOND O
ROUND O
IN O
AKRON B-LOC
. O

AKRON B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Thunderstorms O
forced O
the O
suspension O
of O
the O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
after O
just O
five O
players O
in O
the O
43-man O
field O
had O
completed O
the O
second O
round O
on O
Friday O
. O

Play O
initially O
was O
interrupted O
for O
more O
than O
3-1/2 O
hours O
before O
resuming O
for O
two O
hours O
. O

But O
play O
was O
finally O
suspended O
for O
the O
day O
when O
the O
storm O
continued O
. O

The O
38 O
players O
are O
schedeled O
to O
resume O
their O
rounds O
on O
Saturday O
morning O
before O
the O
third O
round O
begins O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
SCORES O
AT O
WORLD B-MISC
SERIES I-MISC
OF I-MISC
GOLF I-MISC
. O

AKRON B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Scores O
from O
the O
$ O
2.1 O

million O
NEC B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
after O
the O
second O
round O
was O

suspended O
due O
to O
rain O
on O
Friday O
with O
38 O
of O
the O
43 O
players O
yet O

to O
finish O
their O
rounds O
on O
the O
7,149 O
yard O
, O
par O
70 O
Firestone B-LOC
C.C I-LOC

course O
( O
players O
U.S. B-LOC
unless O
noted O
) O
: O

- O
5 O
Paul B-PER
Goydos I-PER
through O
2 O
holes O

- O
5 O
Billy B-PER
Mayfair I-PER
through O
2 O

- O
4 O
Greg B-PER
Norman I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
through O
8 O

- O
4 O
Hidemichi B-PER
Tanaka I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
through O
3 O

- O
3 O
Steve B-PER
Stricker I-PER
through O
3 O

- O
2 O
Phil B-PER
Mickelson I-PER
through O
7 O

- O
2 O
Mark B-PER
Brooks I-PER
through O
3 O

- O
1 O
Hal B-PER
Sutton I-PER
through O
11 O

- O
1 O
John B-PER
Cook I-PER
through O
5 O

- O
1 O
Tim B-PER
Herron I-PER
through O
4 O

- O
1 O
Justin B-PER
Leonard I-PER
through O
3 O

0 O
Steve B-PER
Jones I-PER
through O
7 O

0 O
Nick B-PER
Faldo I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
through O
5 O

0 O
Davis B-PER
Love I-PER
through O
5 O

+1 O
Fred B-PER
Couples I-PER
through O
15 O

+1 O
Fred B-PER
Funk I-PER
through O
9 O

+1 O
Scott B-PER
Hoch I-PER
through O
9 O

+1 O
Ernie B-PER
Els I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
through O
8 O

+2 O
D.A. B-PER
Weibring I-PER
through O
12 O

+2 O
Clarence B-PER
Rose I-PER
through O
9 O

+2 O
Duffy B-PER
Waldorf I-PER
through O
4 O

+3 O
Jim B-PER
Furyk I-PER
through O
16 O

+3 O
Corey B-PER
Pavin I-PER
through O
14 O

+3 O
Craig B-PER
Stadler I-PER
through O
14 O

+3 O
Brad B-PER
Bryant I-PER
through O
12 O

+3 O
Tom B-PER
Lehman I-PER
through O
11 O

+3 O
Sven B-PER
Struver I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
through O
10 O

+3 O
Alexander B-PER
Cejka I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
through O
10 O

+3 O
Anders B-PER
Forsbrand I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
through O
5 O

+4 O
Willie B-PER
Wood I-PER
through O
17 O

+4 O
Costantino B-PER
Rocca I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
through O
15 O

+4 O
Stewart B-PER
Ginn I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
through O
13 O

+5 O
Wayne B-PER
Westner I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
77 O
68 O

+5 O
Sigeki B-PER
Maruyama I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
through O
17 O

+5 O
Mark B-PER
O'Meara I-PER
through O
15 O

+5 O
Loren B-PER
Roberts I-PER
through O
9 O

+6 O
Scott B-PER
McCarron I-PER
76 O
70 O

+7 O
Satoshi B-PER
Higashi I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
through O
16 O

+7 O
Paul B-PER
Stankowski I-PER
through O
15 O

+8 O
Craig B-PER
Parry I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
through O
13 O

+9 O
Tom B-PER
Watson I-PER
79 O
70 O

+11 O
Seiki B-PER
Okuda I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
81 O
70 O
( O
through O
18 O
) O

+11 O
Steve B-PER
Schneiter I-PER
77 O
74 O
) O
through O
18 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
- O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
SUPER I-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
European B-MISC
Super I-MISC
League I-MISC

rugby O
league O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Paris B-ORG
14 O
Bradford B-ORG
27 O

Wigan B-ORG
78 O
Workington B-ORG
4 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
points O

for O
, O
against O
, O
total O
points O
) O
: O

Wigan B-ORG
22 O
19 O
1 O
2 O
902 O
326 O
39 O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
21 O
19 O
0 O
2 O
884 O
441 O
38 O

Bradford B-ORG
22 O
17 O
0 O
5 O
767 O
409 O
34 O

Warrington B-ORG
21 O
12 O
0 O
9 O
555 O
499 O
24 O

London B-ORG
21 O
11 O
1 O
9 O
555 O
462 O
23 O

Sheffield B-ORG
21 O
10 O
0 O
11 O
574 O
696 O
20 O

Halifax B-ORG
21 O
9 O
1 O
11 O
603 O
552 O
19 O

Castleford B-ORG
21 O
9 O
0 O
12 O
548 O
543 O
18 O

Oldham B-ORG
21 O
8 O
1 O
12 O
439 O
656 O
17 O

Leeds B-ORG
21 O
6 O
0 O
15 O
531 O
681 O
12 O

Paris B-ORG
22 O
3 O
1 O
18 O
398 O
795 O
7 O

Workington B-ORG
22 O
2 O
1 O
19 O
325 O
1021 O
5 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ESSEX B-ORG
POISED O
TO O
STEP O
UP O
TITLE O
CHALLENGE O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Essex B-ORG
are O
set O
to O
step O
up O
their O
English B-MISC
county O
championship O
challenge O
with O
a O
fifth O
consecutive O
victory O
after O
new-ball O
pair O
Neil B-PER
Williams I-PER
and O
Mark B-PER
Ilott I-PER
sent O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
reeling O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Williams B-PER
seized O
two O
wickets O
in O
two O
deliveries O
and O
left-armer O
Ilott B-PER
also O
captured O
two O
as O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
, O
252 O
behind O
on O
first O
innings O
, O
slumped O
to O
27 O
for O
four O
at O
the O
close O
on O
the O
third O
day O
of O
the O
four-day O
game O
at O
Colchester B-LOC
. O

Essex B-ORG
, O
who O
started O
the O
current O
round O
of O
matches O
in O
fifth O
place O
20 O
points O
behind O
leaders O
Derbyshire B-ORG
with O
a O
game O
in O
hand O
, O
could O
go O
top O
if O
they O
complete O
victory O
on O
Monday O
's O
last O
day O
and O
other O
results O
favour O
them O
. O

Williams B-PER
thrust O
Essex B-ORG
on O
course O
for O
success O
by O
dispatching O
Matt B-PER
Windows I-PER
and O
Andrew B-PER
Symonds I-PER
in O
his O
second O
over O
, O
before O
Ilott B-PER
removed O
Dominic B-PER
Hewson I-PER
and O
Tim B-PER
Hancock I-PER
to O
reduce O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
to O
17 O
for O
four O
at O
one O
stage O
. O

The O
visitors O
had O
started O
the O
day O
optimistically O
by O
sending O
back O
former O
England B-LOC
captain O
Graham B-PER
Gooch I-PER
when O
he O
added O
just O
six O
to O
his O
overnight O
105 O
, O
but O
Essex B-ORG
went O
on O
to O
make O
532 O
for O
eight O
before O
declaring O
. O

Captain O
Paul B-PER
Prichard I-PER
plundered O
88 O
from O
73 O
deliveries O
, O
hitting O
15 O
fours O
and O
one O
six O
. O

Second-placed O
Kent B-ORG
were O
frustrated O
by O
rain O
which O
prevented O
any O
play O
at O
Cardiff B-LOC
, O
where O
they O
have O
reached O
255 O
for O
three O
in O
their O
first O
innings O
against O
Glamorgan B-ORG
, O
while O
third-placed O
Surrey B-ORG
are O
facing O
an O
uphill O
task O
against O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
. O

Surrey B-ORG
slipped O
to O
88 O
for O
four O
in O
reply O
to O
Notts B-ORG
' O
commanding O
first O
innings O
of O
446 O
for O
nine O
declared O
at O
Trent B-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
, O
before O
Alistair B-PER
Brown I-PER
struck O
a O
55-ball O
half-century O
. O

Brown B-PER
's O
56 O
not O
out O
, O
containing O
eight O
fours O
and O
three O
sixes O
, O
lifted O
Surrey B-ORG
to O
128 O
for O
four O
on O
a O
rain-curtailed O
day O
. O

Fourth-placed O
Leicestershire B-ORG
had O
Hampshire B-ORG
on O
the O
ropes O
at O
Leicester B-LOC
before O
rain O
intervened O
. O

Pace O
trio O
David B-PER
Millns I-PER
( O
2-24 O
) O
, O
Gordon B-PER
Parsons I-PER
( O
3-20 O
) O
and O
Vince B-PER
Wells I-PER
( O
2-19 O
) O
had O
Hampshire B-ORG
reeling O
at O
81 O
for O
seven O
in O
reply O
to O
the O
home O
county O
's O
first O
innings O
of O
353 O
. O

Yorkshire B-ORG
rekindled O
their O
title O
hopes O
after O
three O
successive O
defeats O
by O
taking O
the O
upper O
hand O
against O
arch-rivals O
Lancashire B-ORG
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
. O

Facing O
Yorkshire B-ORG
's O
529 O
for O
eight O
declared O
, O
Lancashire B-ORG
were O
forced O
to O
follow O
on O
206 O
behind O
after O
being O
bowled O
out O
for O
323 O
, O
paceman O
Darren B-PER
Gough I-PER
polishing O
off O
the O
innings O
with O
a O
burst O
of O
three O
wickets O
for O
one O
run O
in O
17 O
deliveries O
. O

Lancashire B-ORG
then O
reached O
210 O
for O
five O
at O
the O
close O
-- O
just O
four O
ahead O
-- O
after O
Neil B-PER
Fairbrother I-PER
hit O
55 O
in O
60 O
balls O
to O
add O
to O
his O
first O
innings O
of O
86 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
FINAL O
TEST O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Scoreboard O
on O
the O
third O
day O
of O
the O

third O
and O
final O
test O
between O
England B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O

Saturday O
: O

England B-LOC
first O
innings O
326 O
( O
J. B-PER
Crawley I-PER
106 O
, O
G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
54 O
; O
Waqar B-PER

Younis B-PER
4-95 O
) O

Pakistan B-LOC
first O
innings O
( O
overnight O
229-1 O
) O

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
c O
Croft B-PER
b O
Cork B-PER
176 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
c O
Cork B-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
46 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
c O
Stewart B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
61 O

Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
c O
Hussain B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
35 O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
not O
out O
2 O

Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
not O
out O
1 O

Extras O
( O
b-4 O
lb-3 O
nb-11 O
) O
18 O

Total O
( O
for O
four O
wickets O
) O
339 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-106 O
2-239 O
3-334 O
4-334 O

To O
bat O
: O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
, O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
, O

Mohammad B-PER
Akam I-PER

Bowling O
( O
to O
date O
) O
: O
Lewis B-PER
12-1-76-0 O
, O
Mullally B-PER
22-6-56-2 O
, O

Croft B-PER
29-6-64-1 O
, O
Cork B-PER
14.3-4-45-1 O
, O
Salisbury B-PER
17-0-91-0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
SCORES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Close O
of O
play O
scores O
in O
four-day O

English B-MISC
County I-MISC
Championship I-MISC
cricket O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Final O
day O

At O
Weston-super-Mare B-LOC
: O
Match O
abandoned O
as O
a O
draw O
- O
rain O
. O

Durham B-ORG
326 O
( O
D. B-PER
Cox I-PER
95 O
not O
out O
, O
S. B-PER
Campbell I-PER
69 O
; O
G. B-PER
Rose I-PER
7-73 O
) O
. O

Somerset B-ORG
298-6 O
( O
M. B-PER
Lathwell I-PER
85 O
, O
R. B-PER
Harden I-PER
65 O
) O
. O

Somerset B-ORG
9 O
points O
, O

Durham B-ORG
8 O
. O

Third O
day O

At O
Colchester B-LOC
: O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
280 O
and O
27-4 O
. O

Essex B-ORG
532-8 O

declared O
( O
G. B-PER
Gooch I-PER
111 O
, O
R. B-PER
Irani I-PER
91 O
, O
P. B-PER
Prichard I-PER
88 O
, O
D. B-PER
Robinson I-PER
72 O
; O

M. B-PER
Alleyne I-PER
4-80 O
) O
. O

At O
Cardiff B-LOC
: O
Kent B-ORG
255-3 O
( O
D. B-PER
Fulton I-PER
64 O
, O
M. B-PER
Walker I-PER
59 O
, O
C. B-PER
Hooper I-PER

52 O
not O
out O
) O
v O
Glamorgan B-ORG
. O

No O
play O
- O
rain O
. O

At O
Leicester B-LOC
: O
Leicestershire B-ORG
353 O
( O
P. B-PER
Simmons I-PER
108 O
, O
P. B-PER
Nixon I-PER
67 O
; O

S. B-PER
Renshaw I-PER
4-56 O
, O
J. B-PER
Bovill I-PER
4-102 O
) O
. O

Hampshire B-ORG
81-7 O
. O

At O
Northampton B-LOC
: O
Sussex B-ORG
389 O
and O
112 O
( O
C. B-PER
Ambrose I-PER
6-26 O
) O
. O

Northamptonshire B-ORG
361 O
( O
K. B-PER
Curran I-PER
117 O
, O
D. B-PER
Ripley I-PER
66 O
not O
out O
) O
and O

42-3 O
. O

At O
Trent B-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
: O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
446-9 O
declared O
( O
G. B-PER
Archer I-PER

143 O
, O
M. B-PER
Dowman I-PER
107 O
, O
W. B-PER
Noon I-PER
57 O
; O
B. B-PER
Julian I-PER
4-104 O
) O
. O

Surrey B-ORG
128-4 O

( O
A. B-PER
Brown I-PER
56 O
not O
out O
) O
. O

At O
Worcester B-LOC
: O
Warwickshire B-ORG
310 O
( O
A. B-PER
Giles I-PER
83 O
, O
T. B-PER
Munton I-PER
54 O
not O

out O
, O
W. B-PER
Khan I-PER
52 O
; O
R. B-PER
Illingworth I-PER
4-54 O
, O
S. B-PER
Lampitt I-PER
4-90 O
) O
. O

Worcestershire B-ORG
205-9 O
( O
K. B-PER
Spiring I-PER
52 O
) O
. O

At O
Headingley B-LOC
: O
Yorkshire B-ORG
529-8 O
declared O
( O
C. B-PER
White I-PER
181 O
, O

R. B-PER
Blakey I-PER
109 O
not O
out O
, O
M. B-PER
Moxon I-PER
66 O
, O
M. B-PER
Vaughan I-PER
57 O
) O
. O

Lancashire B-ORG
323 O

( O
N. B-PER
Fairbrother I-PER
86 O
, O
M. B-PER
Watkinson I-PER
64 O
; O
D. B-PER
Gough I-PER
4-53 O
) O
and O
210-5 O

( O
N. B-PER
Speak I-PER
65 O
not O
out O
, O
N. B-PER
Fairbrother I-PER
55 O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
Scottish B-MISC
league O
soccer O

matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Premier O
division O

Hibernian B-ORG
0 O
Dunfermline B-ORG
0 O

Kilmarnock B-ORG
1 O
Celtic B-ORG
3 O

Raith B-ORG
0 O
Motherwell B-ORG
3 O

Rangers B-ORG
1 O
Dundee B-ORG
United I-ORG
0 O

Playing O
Sunday O
: O

Aberdeen B-ORG
v O
Hearts B-ORG

Division O
one O

Airdrieonians B-ORG
0 O
East B-ORG
Fife I-ORG
0 O

Clydebank B-ORG
1 O
Stirling B-ORG
0 O

Dundee B-ORG
2 O
Greenock B-ORG
Morton I-ORG
1 O

Falkirk B-ORG
1 O
Partick B-ORG
0 O

St B-ORG
Mirren I-ORG
0 O
St B-ORG
Johnstone I-ORG
3 O

Division O
two O

Berwick B-ORG
0 O
Stenhousemuir B-ORG
6 O

Brechin B-ORG
1 O
Ayr B-ORG
1 O

Hamilton B-ORG
2 O
Clyde B-ORG
0 O

Queen B-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
South I-ORG
2 O
Dumbarton B-ORG
1 O

Stranraer B-ORG
1 O
Livingston B-ORG
2 O

Division O
three O

Alloa B-ORG
1 O
Arbroath B-ORG
1 O

Cowdenbeath B-ORG
1 O
Monstrose B-ORG
0 O

Forfar B-ORG
3 O
Inverness B-ORG
1 O

Ross B-ORG
County I-ORG
1 O
Queen B-ORG
's I-ORG
Park I-ORG
2 O

Played O
Friday O
: O

East B-ORG
Stirling I-ORG
0 O
Albion B-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
OUT-OF-SORTS O
NEWCASTLE B-ORG
CRASH O
2-1 O
AT O
HOME O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Newcastle B-ORG
's O
early O
season O
teething O
problems O
continued O
on O
Saturday O
when O
they O
lost O
2-1 O
at O
home O
to O
premier O
league O
pacesetters O
Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
. O

England B-LOC
striker O
Alan B-PER
Shearer I-PER
gave O
Kevin B-PER
Keegan I-PER
's O
talent-laden O
side O
the O
lead O
from O
the O
penalty O
spot O
after O
13 O
minutes O
after O
Wednesday O
's O
Yugoslav B-MISC
Dejan B-PER
Stefanovic I-PER
pulled O
down O
Colombian B-MISC
forward O
Faustino B-PER
Asprilla I-PER
. O

But O
two O
minutes O
later O
Wednesday B-ORG
equalised O
through O
Peter B-PER
Atherton I-PER
, O
who O
found O
space O
in O
the O
penalty O
area O
to O
meet O
Mark B-PER
Pembridge I-PER
's O
free O
kick O
with O
a O
precise O
glancing O
header O
. O

Guy B-PER
Whittingham I-PER
stole O
three O
points O
for O
the O
Yorkshire B-ORG
side O
with O
a O
goal O
10 O
minutes O
from O
time O
. O

To O
add O
to O
Newcastle B-ORG
's O
misery O
, O
England B-LOC
striker O
Les B-PER
Ferdinand I-PER
was O
stretchered O
off O
in O
the O
second O
half O
. O

Wednesday B-ORG
, O
who O
escaped O
relegation O
on O
the O
final O
day O
of O
last O
season O
, O
have O
now O
won O
their O
first O
three O
games O
of O
the O
season O
. O

Elsewhere O
, O
title O
hopefuls O
Liverpool B-ORG
were O
held O
0-0 O
at O
home O
by O
newly-promoted O
Sunderland B-ORG
, O
and O
in O
London B-LOC
, O
the O
tie O
between O
Tottenham B-ORG
Hotspur I-ORG
and O
Everton B-ORG
also O
ended O
goaless O
. O

Frenchman B-MISC
Frank B-PER
LeBoeuf I-PER
and O
Italian B-MISC
Gianluca B-PER
Vialli I-PER
scored O
their O
first O
premier O
league O
goals O
as O
Chelsea B-ORG
beat O
Coventry B-ORG
2-0 O
, O
and O
managerless O
Arsenal B-ORG
won O
by O
the O
same O
scoreline O
at O
Leicester B-LOC
. O

Last O
season O
's O
league O
and O
Cup B-MISC
winners O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
host O
1995 O
champions O
Blackburn B-ORG
on O
Sunday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
league O
soccer O

matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Premier O
league O

Aston B-ORG
Villa I-ORG
2 O
Derby B-ORG
0 O

Chelsea B-ORG
2 O
Coventry B-ORG
0 O

Leicester B-ORG
0 O
Arsenal B-ORG
2 O

Liverpool B-ORG
0 O
Sunderland B-ORG
0 O

Newcastle B-ORG
1 O
Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
2 O

Nottingham B-ORG
Forest I-ORG
1 O
Middlesbrough B-ORG
1 O

Tottenham B-ORG
0 O
Everton B-ORG
0 O

West B-ORG
Ham I-ORG
2 O
Southampton B-ORG
1 O

Playing O
Sunday O
: O

Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
v O
Blackburn B-ORG

Playing O
Monday O
: O

Leeds B-ORG
v O
Wimbledon B-ORG

Division O
one O

Bolton B-ORG
3 O
Norwich B-ORG
1 O

Charlton B-ORG
1 O
West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
1 O

Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
3 O
Oldham B-ORG
1 O

Ipswich B-ORG
5 O
Reading B-ORG
2 O

Oxford B-ORG
5 O
Southend B-ORG
0 O

Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
4 O
Birmingham B-ORG
4 O

Stoke B-ORG
2 O
Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
1 O

Swindon B-ORG
1 O
Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
1 O

Wolverhampton B-ORG
1 O
Bradford B-ORG
0 O

Played O
Friday O
: O

Portsmouth B-ORG
1 O
Queen B-ORG
's I-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
2 O

Tranmere B-ORG
3 O
Grimsby B-ORG
2 O

Playing O
Sunday O
: O

Barnsley B-ORG
v O
Huddersfield B-ORG

Division O
two O

Brentford B-ORG
3 O
Luton B-ORG
2 O

Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
v O
Blackpool B-ORG
late O
kickoff O

Burnley B-ORG
2 O
Walsall B-ORG
1 O

Chesterfield B-ORG
1 O
Bury B-ORG
2 O

Peterborough B-ORG
2 O
Crewe B-ORG
2 O

Preston B-ORG
0 O
Bristol B-ORG
Rovers I-ORG
0 O

Rotherham B-ORG
1 O
Shrewsbury B-ORG
2 O

Stockport B-ORG
0 O
Notts B-ORG
County I-ORG
0 O

Watford B-ORG
0 O
Millwall B-ORG
2 O

Wrexham B-ORG
4 O
Plymouth B-ORG
4 O

Wycombe B-ORG
1 O
Gillingham B-ORG
1 O

York B-ORG
1 O
Bournemouth B-ORG
2 O

Division O
three O

Barnet B-ORG
1 O
Wigan B-ORG
1 O

Cardiff B-ORG
1 O
Brighton B-ORG
0 O

Carlisle B-ORG
0 O
Hull B-ORG
0 O

Chester B-ORG
1 O
Cambridge B-ORG
1 O

Darlington B-ORG
4 O
Swansea B-ORG
1 O

Exeter B-ORG
2 O
Scarborough B-ORG
2 O

Hartlepool B-ORG
2 O
Fulham B-ORG
1 O

Hereford B-ORG
1 O
Doncaster B-ORG
0 O

Lincoln B-ORG
1 O
Leyton B-ORG
Orient I-ORG
1 O

Northampton B-ORG
3 O
Mansfield B-ORG
0 O

Rochdale B-ORG
0 O
Colchester B-ORG
0 O

Scunthorpe B-ORG
1 O
Torquay B-ORG
0 O

Add O
Division O
two O

Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
0 O
Blackpool B-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
318-2 O
V O
ENGLAND B-LOC
-- O
LUNCH O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Pakistan B-LOC
were O
318 O
for O
two O
at O
lunch O
on O
the O
third O
day O
of O
the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Saturday O
in O
reply O
to O
England B-LOC
's O
326 O
all O
out O
. O

Score O
: O
England B-LOC
326 O
( O
J. B-PER
Crawley I-PER
106 O
, O
G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
54 O
. O

Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
4-95 O
) O
. O

Pakistan B-LOC
318-2 O
( O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
169 O
not O
out O
, O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
61 O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
CANADIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Results O
from O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
Open I-MISC

tennis O
tournament O
on O
Friday O
( O
prefix O
numbers O
denotes O
seedings O
) O
: O

Quarterfinals O

3 O
- O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
5 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Enqvist I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
6-2 O

4 O
- O
Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
( O
Chile B-LOC
) O
beat O
Patrick B-PER
Rafter I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
0-6 O

7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6-1 O

7 O
- O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Alex B-PER
O'Brien I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O

Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER

( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
6-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
NEW B-LOC
ZEALAND I-LOC
WIN O
FIRST O
SERIES O
IN O
SOUTH B-LOC
AFRICA I-LOC
. O

PRETORIA B-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
1996-08-24 O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
made O
history O
on O
Saturday O
when O
they O
completed O
their O
first O
series O
victory O
in O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
with O
a O
33-26 O
victory O
in O
the O
second O
test O
. O

The O
win O
gave O
the O
All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
an O
unbeatable O
2-0 O
lead O
in O
the O
three-test O
series O
. O

Each O
side O
scored O
three O
tries O
and O
the O
Springboks B-ORG
outscored O
the O
All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
15-12 O
in O
the O
second O
half O
but O
still O
suffered O
a O
fourth O
successive O
defeat O
against O
their O
old O
enemies O
. O

Two O
tries O
from O
wing O
Jeff B-PER
Wilson I-PER
in O
the O
first O
quarter O
gave O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
a O
24-11 O
lead O
before O
tries O
from O
flanker O
Ruben B-PER
Kruger I-PER
and O
scrum-half O
Joost B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Westhuizen I-PER
in O
the O
space O
of O
two O
minutes O
narrowed O
the O
gap O
to O
a O
single O
point O
at O
23-24 O
. O

The O
Springboks B-ORG
would O
have O
gone O
ahead O
had O
not O
fly-half O
Joel B-PER
Stransky I-PER
's O
conversion O
hit O
an O
upright O
and O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
only O
scrambled O
to O
safety O
through O
a O
fine O
penalty O
from O
replacement O
fly-half O
Jon B-PER
Preston I-PER
and O
a O
drop O
goal O
by O
number O
eight O
Zinzan B-PER
Brooke I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
NEW B-LOC
ZEALAND I-LOC
DEFEAT O
SOUTH B-LOC
AFRICA I-LOC
33-26 O
. O

PRETORIA B-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
1996-08-24 O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
beat O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
33-26 O
( O
halftime O
21-11 O
) O
in O
the O
second O
test O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
- O
Tries O
: O
Hannes B-PER
Strydom I-PER
, O
Ruben B-PER
Kruger I-PER
, O
Joost B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Westhuizen I-PER
. O

Penalties O
: O
Joel B-PER
Stranksy I-PER
( O
3 O
) O
. O

Conversion O
: O
Stranksy B-PER
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
- O
Tries O
: O
Jeff B-PER
Wilson I-PER
( O
2 O
) O
, O
Zinzan B-PER
Brooke I-PER
. O

Penalties O
: O
Simon B-PER
Culhane I-PER
, O
Jon B-PER
Preston I-PER
( O
2 O
) O
. O

Conversions O
: O
Culhane B-PER
( O
3 O
) O
. O

Drop O
goal O
: O
Zinzan B-PER
Brooke I-PER
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
lead O
the O
three-test O
series O
2-0 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
YUGOSLAV B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
Yugoslav B-MISC
league O

soccer O
matches O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Division O
A O

Cukaricki B-ORG
0 O
Hajduk B-ORG
2 O

Becej B-ORG
2 O
Borac B-ORG
0 O

Mladost B-ORG
( I-ORG
L I-ORG
) I-ORG
0 O
Zemun B-ORG
0 O

Rad B-ORG
1 O
Buducnost B-ORG
( I-ORG
P I-ORG
) I-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Becej B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
1 O
7 O

Partizan B-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
6 O
2 O
6 O

Vojvodina B-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
6 O

Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
6 O

Mladost B-ORG
( I-ORG
L I-ORG
) I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
4 O

Rad B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O

Hajduk B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

Cukaricki B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
3 O

Buducnost B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

Zemun B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Proleter B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
1 O

Borac B-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
8 O
0 O

Division O
B O

Sutjeska B-ORG
3 O
Sloboda B-ORG
2 O

Loznica B-ORG
0 O
Obilic B-ORG
1 O

OFK B-ORG
Kikinda I-ORG
1 O
Radnicki B-ORG
( I-ORG
N I-ORG
) I-ORG
0 O

Spartak B-ORG
1 O
Buducnost B-ORG
( I-ORG
V I-ORG
) I-ORG
2 O

OFK B-ORG
Beograd I-ORG
2 O
Mladost B-ORG
( I-ORG
BJ I-ORG
) I-ORG
2 O

Standings O
: O

Obilic B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
8 O
1 O
9 O

Loznica B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
3 O
6 O

Sutjeska B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
6 O
3 O
6 O

OFK B-ORG
Kikinda I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
1 O
6 O

Buducnost B-ORG
( I-ORG
V I-ORG
) I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Spartak B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Zeleznik B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
3 O

OFK B-ORG
Beograd I-ORG
3 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
3 O

Radnicki B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
3 O

Sloboda B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
8 O
1 O

Mladost B-ORG
( I-ORG
BJ I-ORG
) I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
6 O
1 O

Rudar B-ORG
2 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
6 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
POLISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
Polish B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Amica B-ORG
Wronki I-ORG
3 O
Hutnik B-ORG
Krakow I-ORG
0 O

Sokol B-ORG
Tychy I-ORG
5 O
Lech B-ORG
Poznan I-ORG
3 O

Rakow B-ORG
Czestochowa I-ORG
1 O
Stomil B-ORG
Olsztyn I-ORG
4 O

Wisla B-ORG
Krakow I-ORG
1 O
Gornik B-ORG
Zabrze I-ORG
0 O

Slask B-ORG
Wroclaw I-ORG
3 O
Odra B-ORG
Wodzislaw I-ORG
1 O

GKS B-ORG
Katowice I-ORG
1 O
Polonia B-ORG
Warsaw I-ORG
0 O

Zaglebie B-ORG
Lubin I-ORG
2 O
LKS B-ORG
Lodz I-ORG
1 O

Legia B-ORG
Warsaw I-ORG
3 O
GKS B-ORG
Belchatow I-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
PHILIPPINE B-MISC
PRO-LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

MANILA B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
semi-final O
round O
games O
on O
Friday O
in O
the O
Philippine B-ORG
Basketball I-ORG
Association I-ORG
second O
conference O
, O
which O
includes O
American B-MISC
players O
: O

Alaska B-ORG
Milk I-ORG
beat O
Purefoods B-ORG
Hotdogs I-ORG
103-95 O
( O
34-48 O
half-time O
) O

Ginebra B-ORG
San I-ORG
Miguel I-ORG
beat O
Shell B-ORG
120-103 O
( O
65-56 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
S. B-MISC
KOREAN I-MISC
PRO-BASEBALL O
GAMES O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC

pro-baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
. O

Samsung B-ORG
13 O
Hyundai B-ORG
3 O

Haitai B-ORG
5 O
Hanwha B-ORG
4 O

OB B-ORG
4 O
Lotte B-ORG
2 O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
1 O
LG B-ORG
0 O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
, O
games O
behind O
first O
place O
) O

W O
D O
L O
PCT O
GB O

Haitai B-ORG
62 O
2 O
40 O
.606 O
- O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
56 O
2 O
47 O
.543 O
6 O
1/2 O

Hanwha B-ORG
55 O
1 O
47 O
.539 O
7 O

Hyundai B-ORG
54 O
5 O
47 O
.533 O
7 O
1/2 O

Samsung B-ORG
47 O
5 O
53 O
.471 O
14 O

Lotte B-ORG
43 O
5 O
52 O
.455 O
15 O
1/2 O

LG B-ORG
44 O
5 O
56 O
.443 O
17 O

OB B-ORG
40 O
5 O
59 O
.407 O
20 O
1/2 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
FRIDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
73 O
54 O
.575 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
67 O
60 O
.528 O
6 O

BOSTON B-ORG
64 O
65 O
.496 O
10 O

TORONTO B-ORG
60 O
69 O
.465 O
14 O

DETROIT B-ORG
46 O
82 O
.359 O
27 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
76 O
52 O
.594 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
69 O
61 O
.531 O
8 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
64 O
64 O
.500 O
12 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
61 O
68 O
.473 O
15 O
1/2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
58 O
72 O
.446 O
19 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
74 O
55 O
.574 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
66 O
61 O
.520 O
7 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
62 O
69 O
.473 O
13 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
60 O
68 O
.469 O
13 O
1/2 O

SATURDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
24TH O
SCHEDULE O

SEATTLE B-ORG
AT O
BOSTON B-LOC

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
AT O
CLEVELAND B-LOC

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
AT O
BALTIMORE B-LOC

TORONTO B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

OAKLAND B-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

DETROIT B-ORG
AT O
KANSAS B-LOC
CITY I-LOC

TEXAS B-ORG
AT O
MINNESOTA B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
80 O
47 O
.630 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
69 O
58 O
.543 O
11 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
70 O
.457 O
22 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
59 O
70 O
.457 O
22 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
53 O
76 O
.411 O
28 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
68 O
60 O
.531 O
- O

HOUSTON B-ORG
68 O
61 O
.527 O
1/2 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
64 O
63 O
.504 O
3 O
1/2 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
63 O
63 O
.500 O
4 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
55 O
73 O
.430 O
13 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
70 O
60 O
.538 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
68 O
60 O
.531 O
1 O

COLORADO B-ORG
66 O
63 O
.512 O
3 O
1/2 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
54 O
72 O
.429 O
14 O

SATURDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
24TH O
SCHEDULE O

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
ATLANTA B-LOC

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
LOS B-LOC
ANGELES I-LOC

MONTREAL B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC

CINCINNATI B-ORG
AT O
FLORIDA B-LOC

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
DIEGO I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
FRIDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Friday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

BOSTON B-ORG
6 O
Seattle B-ORG
4 O

Milwaukee B-ORG
6 O
CLEVELAND B-ORG
5 O
( O
11 O
innings O
) O

California B-ORG
2 O
BALTIMORE B-ORG
0 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
5 O
Oakland B-ORG
3 O

Toronto B-ORG
4 O
CHICAGO B-ORG
2 O

Detroit B-ORG
3 O
KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
2 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
9 O
Texas B-ORG
2 O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

Cincinnati B-ORG
6 O
FLORIDA B-ORG
5 O
( O
1ST O
GM O
) O

FLORIDA B-ORG
8 O
Cincinnati B-ORG
3 O
( O
2ND O
GM O
) O

ATLANTA B-ORG
4 O
Chicago B-ORG
3 O

St B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
1 O
HOUSTON B-ORG
0 O

Pittsburgh B-ORG
5 O
COLORADO B-ORG
3 O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
7 O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
5 O

Philadelphia B-ORG
7 O
SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
4 O

Montreal B-ORG
10 O
SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
8 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
PORTUGUESE B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULT O
. O

LISBON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Result O
of O
a O
Portuguese B-MISC
first O

division O
soccer O
match O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Belenenses B-ORG
2 O
Boavista B-ORG
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DISAPPOINTING O
AJAX B-ORG
SLUMP O
2-0 O
AT O
HEERENVEEN B-LOC
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Dutch B-MISC
champions O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
faltered O
in O
their O
second O
league O
match O
of O
the O
season O
on O
Saturday O
losing O
2-0 O
away O
at O
Heerenveen B-ORG
. O

Ajax B-ORG
, O
who O
had O
a O
dismal O
series O
of O
pre-season O
results O
before O
beating O
NAC B-ORG
of O
Breda B-LOC
in O
their O
opening O
game O
, O
had O
the O
best O
of O
an O
entertaining O
first O
half O
but O
failed O
to O
break O
the O
deadlock O
. O

Eight O
minutes O
after O
the O
interval O
, O
Heerenveen B-ORG
's O
Romeo B-PER
Wouden I-PER
broke O
through O
the O
Amsterdam B-LOC
defence O
, O
left O
defender O
John B-PER
Veldman I-PER
standing O
and O
curled O
the O
ball O
beyond O
goalkeeper O
Edwin B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Sar I-PER
into O
the O
Ajax B-ORG
net O
. O

Ajax B-ORG
, O
without O
injured O
defenders O
Marcio B-PER
Santos I-PER
and O
Winston B-PER
Bogarde I-PER
and O
strikers O
Jari B-PER
Litmanen I-PER
and O
Marc B-PER
Overmars I-PER
, O
then O
stepped O
up O
the O
pace O
and O
looked O
certain O
to O
equalise O
. O

But O
they O
left O
gaps O
at O
the O
back O
and O
on O
73 O
minutes O
Danish B-MISC
striker O
Jon B-PER
Dahl I-PER
Tomasson I-PER
rushed O
out O
of O
his O
own O
half O
, O
beat O
the O
Ajax B-ORG
defence O
and O
lobbed O
van B-PER
der I-PER
Sar I-PER
. O

The O
defeat O
means O
Ajax B-ORG
's O
main O
title O
contenders O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
, O
who O
beat O
the O
champions O
3-0 O
in O
the O
traditional O
league O
curtain-raiser O
, O
can O
go O
three O
points O
clear O
of O
their O
rivals O
if O
they O
beat O
Groningen B-ORG
on O
Sunday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BELGIAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
Belgian B-MISC
first O

division O
matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Standard B-ORG
Liege I-ORG
3 O
Molenbeek B-ORG
0 O

Anderlecht B-ORG
2 O
Lokeren B-ORG
2 O

Cercle B-ORG
Brugge I-ORG
2 O
Mouscron B-ORG
2 O

Antwerp B-ORG
1 O
Lommel B-ORG
4 O

Ghent B-ORG
3 O
Aalst B-ORG
2 O

Lierse B-ORG
4 O
Charleroi B-ORG
0 O

Sint B-ORG
Truiden I-ORG
3 O
Ekeren B-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
LEADING O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
SCORERS O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Leading O
goalscorers O
in O
the O
French B-MISC

first O
division O
after O
Saturday O
's O
matches O
: O

3 O
- O
Anto B-PER
Drobnjak I-PER
( O
Bastia B-ORG
) O
, O
Xavier B-PER
Gravelaine I-PER
( O
Marseille B-ORG
) O
. O

2 O
- O
Miladin B-PER
Becanovic I-PER
( O
Lille B-ORG
) O
, O
Enzo B-PER
Scifo I-PER
( O
Monaco B-ORG
) O
, O

Vladimir B-PER
Smicer I-PER
( O
Lens B-ORG
) O
, O
Christopher B-PER
Wreh I-PER
( O
Guingamp B-ORG
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
SUMMARIES O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Summaries O
of O
French B-MISC
first O
division O

matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Nantes B-ORG
0 O
Lens B-ORG
1 O
( O
Smicer B-PER
52nd O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
16,000 O
. O

Nice B-ORG
1 O
( O
Debbah B-PER
39th O
) O
Bastia B-ORG
1 O
( O
Drobnjak B-PER
82nd O
) O
. O

1-0 O
. O

6,000 O
. O

Lille B-ORG
3 O
( O
Boutoille B-PER
47th O
, O
Becanovic B-PER
79th O
pen O
, O
82nd O
) O
) O
Rennes B-ORG
1 O

( O
Guivarc'h B-PER
60th O
pen O
. O

) O
0-0 O
. O

6,000 O
. O

Bordeaux B-ORG
0 O
Auxerre B-ORG
0 O
. O

30,000 O
. O

Marseille B-ORG
1 O
( O
Gravelaine B-PER
24th O
) O
Metz B-ORG
2 O
( O
Traore B-PER
65th O
, O
Bombarda B-PER

69th O
) O
. O

1-0 O
. O

20,000 O
. O

Strasbourg B-ORG
1 O
( O
Zitelli B-PER
80th O
) O
Le B-ORG
Havre I-ORG
0 O
. O

0-0 O
. O

15,000 O

Caen B-ORG
1 O
( O
Bancarel B-PER
70th O
) O
Lyon B-ORG
1 O
( O
Caveglia B-PER
89th O
) O
. O

0-0 O
. O

9,000 O
. O

Guingamp B-ORG
2 O
( O
Wreh B-PER
15th O
, O
42nd O
) O
Monaco B-ORG
1 O
( O
Scifo B-PER
35th O
) O
. O

2-1 O
. O

7,000 O
. O

Montpellier B-ORG
0 O
Cannes B-ORG
1 O
( O
Charvet B-PER
8th O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

10,000 O
. O

Played O
on O
Friday O
: O

Nancy B-ORG
0 O
Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
0 O
. O

15,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
STANDINGS O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Standings O
in O
the O
French B-MISC
soccer O

league O
after O
Saturday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O

drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Lens B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
6 O
1 O
9 O

Bastia B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
7 O

Paris B-ORG
Saint-Germain I-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
7 O

Auxerre B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
7 O

Cannes B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
7 O

Lille B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Bordeaux B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
5 O

Monaco B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
3 O
4 O

Marseille B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
4 O

Metz B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Lyon B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
4 O

Guingamp B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O

Rennes B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
6 O
3 O

Strasbourg B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
3 O

Montpellier B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O

Nantes B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
1 O

Nancy B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
1 O

Nice B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
1 O

Le B-ORG
Havre I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Caen B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
5 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
French B-MISC
first O
division O

matches O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Nantes B-ORG
0 O
Lens B-ORG
1 O

Nice B-ORG
1 O
Bastia B-ORG
1 O

Lille B-ORG
3 O
Rennes B-ORG
1 O

Bordeaux B-ORG
0 O
Auxerre B-ORG
0 O

Marseille B-ORG
1 O
Metz B-ORG
2 O

Strasbourg B-ORG
1 O
Le B-ORG
Havre I-ORG
0 O

Caen B-ORG
1 O
Lyon B-ORG
1 O

Guingamp B-ORG
2 O
Monaco B-ORG
1 O

Montpellier B-ORG
0 O
Cannes B-ORG
1 O

Played O
on O
Friday O
: O

Nancy B-ORG
0 O
Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Result O
of O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
3 O
RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
2 O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
0 O
Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
1 O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
1 O
Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
0 O

Heerenveen B-ORG
2 O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
4 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
4 O

PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
1 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
3 O

Twente B-ORG
Enschede I-ORG
1 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
3 O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
1 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
3 O

Heerenveen B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O

Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O

Utrecht B-ORG
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
1 O

Feyenoord B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O

Roda B-ORG
JC I-ORG
Kerkrade I-ORG
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O

Volendam B-ORG
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O

Groningen B-ORG
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
0 O
1 O

RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
1 O

Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O

AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
1 O
0 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
0 O

NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
1 O
0 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SUMMARIES O
OF O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
MATCHES O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Summaries O
of O
German B-MISC
first O
division O

matches O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Bochum B-ORG
1 O
( O
Jack B-PER
66th O
minute O
) O
Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
1 O
( O
Molata B-PER
59th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
25,000 O

Borussia B-ORG
Moenchengladbach I-ORG
1 O
( O
Andersson B-PER
22nd O
) O
Karlsruhe B-ORG
3 O

( O
Haessler B-PER
33rd O
, O
Dundee B-PER
45th O
, O
Keller B-PER
90th O
) O
. O

1-2 O
. O

20,000 O

Stuttgart B-ORG
2 O
( O
Balakow B-PER
50th O
, O
Bobic B-PER
61st O
) O
Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
1 O
( O
Votava B-PER

68th O
) O
. O

0-0 O
. O

32,000 O

1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
1 O
( O
Schwabl B-PER
38th O
) O
Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
3 O
( O
Zorc B-PER

59th-pen O
, O
Moeller B-PER
73rd O
, O
Heinrich B-PER
90th O
) O
. O

1-0 O
. O

50,000 O

Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
0 O
Fortuna B-ORG
Duesseldorf I-ORG
1 O
( O
Seeliger B-PER
47th O
) O
. O

0-0 O
. O

18,000 O

Freiburg B-ORG
1 O
( O
Zeyer B-PER
52nd O
) O
Cologne B-ORG
3 O
( O
Gaissmayer B-PER
9th O
, O
Polster B-PER

86th O
, O
90th O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

22,500 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
MATCHES O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
German B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Bochum B-ORG
1 O
Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
1 O

Borussia B-ORG
Moenchengladbach I-ORG
1 O
Karlsruhe B-ORG
3 O

Stuttgart B-ORG
2 O
Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
1 O

1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
1 O
Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
3 O

Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
0 O
Fortuna B-ORG
Duesseldorf I-ORG
1 O

Freiburg B-ORG
1 O
Cologne B-ORG
3 O

Played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
4 O
Schalke B-ORG
4 O

Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
0 O
Hamburg B-ORG
1 O

Bundesliga B-MISC
standings O
after O
Saturday O
's O
games O
( O
tabulate O
under O

played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Cologne B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
7 O
1 O
9 O

VfB B-ORG
Stuttgart I-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
6 O
1 O
6 O

Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
9 O
5 O
6 O

Hamburg B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
3 O
6 O

Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
4 O
6 O

VfL B-ORG
Bochum I-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
5 O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
4 O

Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
4 O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
7 O
4 O

1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

Freiburg B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
10 O
3 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Duesseldorf I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
7 O
3 O

Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
2 O

Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Borussia B-ORG
Moenchengladbach I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
2 O

Schalke B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
8 O
2 O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
6 O
1 O

MSV B-ORG
Duisburg I-ORG
2 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
AUSTRIA B-LOC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

VIENNA B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
of O
Austria B-LOC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Rapid B-ORG
Vienna I-ORG
0 O
FC B-ORG
Linz I-ORG
0 O

GAK B-ORG
2 O
Austria B-ORG
Vienna I-ORG
2 O

Admira B-ORG
/ I-ORG
Wacker I-ORG
0 O
Sturm B-ORG
Graz I-ORG
3 O

Linzer B-ORG
ASK I-ORG
1 O
FC B-ORG
Tirol I-ORG
Innsbruck I-ORG
3 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

FC B-ORG
Tirol I-ORG
Innsbruck I-ORG
6 O
4 O
2 O
0 O
13 O
5 O
14 O

Austria B-ORG
Vienna I-ORG
6 O
4 O
2 O
0 O
9 O
5 O
14 O

SV B-ORG
Salzburg I-ORG
5 O
3 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
11 O

Sturm B-ORG
Graz I-ORG
6 O
2 O
3 O
1 O
8 O
5 O
9 O

GAK B-ORG
6 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
8 O
10 O
6 O

Rapid B-ORG
Wien I-ORG
5 O
0 O
5 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
5 O

SV B-ORG
Ried I-ORG
5 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
6 O
5 O
4 O

Linzer B-ORG
ASK I-ORG
5 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
4 O
8 O
3 O

Admira B-ORG
/ I-ORG
Wacker I-ORG
6 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
5 O
10 O
3 O

FC B-ORG
Linz I-ORG
6 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
1 O
9 O
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
RAIN O
BRINGS O
PREMATURE O
END O
TO O
SRI B-LOC
LANKA I-LOC
MATCH O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

The O
one-day O
match O
between O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
and O
a O
World B-ORG
XI I-ORG
was O
abandoned O
on O
Saturday O
because O
of O
rain O
. O

Scores O
: O
World B-ORG
XI I-ORG
102-0 O
( O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
39 O
not O
out O
, O
S. B-PER
Tendulkar I-PER
56 O
not O
out O
) O
off O
21.4 O
overs O
v O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

British B-MISC
hostage O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
describes O
ordeal O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

A O
British B-MISC
aid O
worker O
, O
held O
hostage O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
for O
nearly O
four O
weeks O
, O
said O
on O
Saturday O
a O
cocked O
Kalashnikov B-MISC
had O
been O
thrust O
into O
his O
mouth O
at O
one O
point O
during O
his O
ordeal O
. O

Michael B-PER
Penrose I-PER
, O
a O
23-year-old O
worker O
with O
the O
group O
Action B-ORG
Against I-ORG
Hunger I-ORG
, O
described O
his O
ordeal O
to O
a O
news O
conference O
when O
he O
arrived O
back O
in O
Britain B-LOC
from O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

" O
The O
worst O
period O
of O
physical O
manhandling O
was O
during O
that O
time O
when O
we O
were O
beaten O
with O
Kalashnikovs B-MISC
and O
at O
one O
point O
I O
had O
a O
Kalashnikov B-MISC
held O
to O
the O
back O
of O
my O
throat O
-- O
cocked O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
For O
the O
first O
period O
we O
were O
held O
in O
a O
small O
room O
with O
no O
bed O
or O
anything O
. O

We O
had O
very O
little O
food O
and O
sometimes O
went O
two O
or O
three O
days O
without O
eating O
. O
" O

Gunmen O
seized O
Penrose B-PER
, O
who O
comes O
from O
Swerford B-LOC
in O
southern O
England B-LOC
, O
Frenchman B-MISC
Frederic B-PER
Malardeau I-PER
and O
six O
other O
hostages O
from O
their O
car O
in O
Grozny B-LOC
, O
the O
capital O
of O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
on O
July O
27 O
. O

The O
assailants O
had O
demanded O
a O
ransom O
of O
300,000 O
pounds O
( O
$ O
465,000 O
) O
but O
no O
money O
was O
paid O
by O
the O
charity O
when O
they O
were O
released O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
hostages O
were O
held O
in O
a O
house O
in O
or O
near O
Grozny B-LOC
which O
was O
bombarded O
regularly O
. O

" O
During O
the O
last O
15 O
days O
of O
being O
held O
, O
the O
fighting O
in O
Grozny B-LOC
was O
very O
close O
. O

At O
first O
it O
was O
street O
fighting O
outside O
the O
house O
and O
then O
we O
came O
under O
very O
heavy O
shelling O
and O
bombardment O
from O
conventional O
weapons O
like O
tanks O
, O
artillery O
and O
grenade O
launchers O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Penrose B-PER
had O
been O
working O
for O
the O
charity O
which O
provides O
food O
to O
civilians O
for O
only O
a O
few O
weeks O
before O
he O
was O
captured O
. O

When O
asked O
if O
he O
would O
return O
to O
the O
mountainous O
region O
where O
rebels O
have O
been O
fighting O
Russian B-MISC
troops O
for O
full O
independence O
, O
Penrose B-PER
said O
: O
" O
Not O
for O
the O
time O
being O
. O

I O
do O
n't O
think O
it O
's O
safe O
for O
me O
. O

But O
maybe O
in O
the O
future O
, O
depending O
on O
the O
circumstances O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Princess O
Diana B-PER
send O
message O
to O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Britain B-LOC
's O
Princess O
Diana B-PER
has O
sent O
a O
message O
to O
seriously O
ill O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
, O
the O
nun O
to O
whom O
she O
has O
turned O
several O
times O
for O
spiritual O
guidance O
. O

Diana B-PER
's O
office O
said O
on O
Saturday O
the O
princess O
had O
sent O
a O
message O
to O
the O
Nobel B-MISC
Peace I-MISC
Prize-winning I-MISC
missionary O
as O
news O
broke O
this O
week O
of O
her O
battle O
against O
heart O
problems O
and O
malaria O
. O

A O
spokeswoman O
declined O
to O
release O
details O
of O
the O
message O
. O

Diana B-PER
first O
met O
the O
Albanian-born B-MISC
missionary O
in O
Rome B-LOC
in O
1992 O
. O

She O
said O
afterwards O
that O
the O
meeting O
had O
fulfilled O
her O
" O
dearest O
wish O
" O
and O
the O
two O
women O
have O
met O
several O
times O
since O
. O

The O
princess O
, O
who O
has O
carved O
out O
a O
major O
role O
for O
herself O
as O
a O
helper O
of O
the O
sick O
and O
needy O
, O
is O
said O
to O
have O
turned O
to O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
for O
guidance O
as O
her O
marriage O
crumbled O
to O
heir O
to O
the O
British B-MISC
throne O
Prince B-PER
Charles I-PER
. O

The O
85-year-old O
nun O
said O
in O
the O
past O
that O
she O
was O
praying O
for O
the O
couple O
, O
whose O
divorce O
is O
expected O
to O
become O
final O
next O
week O
. O

Doctors O
caring O
for O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
in O
a O
Calcutta B-LOC
hospital O
said O
on O
Saturday O
that O
her O
fever O
had O
fallen O
and O
her O
malaria O
was O
under O
control O
but O
she O
remained O
on O
a O
respirator O
in O
intensive O
care O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
339-4 O
V O
ENGLAND B-LOC
- O
close O
. O

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
c O
Croft B-PER
b O
Cork B-PER
176 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
c O
Cork B-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
46 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
c O
Stewart B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
61 O

Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
c O
Hussain B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
35 O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
not O
out O
2 O

Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
not O
out O
1 O

Extras O
18 O

Fall O
of O
wicket O
- O
1-106 O
2-239 O
3-334 O
4-334 O

To O
bat O
- O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
, O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
, O
Mohammad B-PER
Akam I-PER

England B-LOC
326 O
all O
out O

-DOCSTART- O

Soccer O
- O
Nijmeh B-ORG
beat O
Nasr B-ORG
1-0 O
. O

TRIPOLI B-LOC
, O
Lebanon B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Nijmeh B-ORG
of O
Lebanon B-LOC
beat O
Nasr B-ORG
of O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
1-0 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
their O
Asian B-MISC
club O
championship O
second O
round O
first O
leg O
tie O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Scorer O
: O
Issa B-PER
Alloush I-PER
( O
45th O
minute O
) O
. O

Attendance O
: O
10,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Adventurers O
start O
Canadian B-MISC
wilderness O
race O
. O

PEMBERTON B-LOC
, O
British B-LOC
Columbia I-LOC
1996-08-24 O

About O
350 O
adventurers O
from O
nine O
countries O
set O
out O
on O
Saturday O
to O
climb O
, O
raft O
, O
bike O
and O
run O
in O
a O
323-mile O
( O
517-km O
) O
endurance O
race O
through O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
wilderness O
. O

The O
event O
, O
called O
the O
Eco-Challenge B-MISC
, O
is O
part O
of O
a O
growing O
sport O
known O
as O
adventure O
racing O
in O
which O
competitors O
test O
their O
limits O
for O
days O
over O
a O
perilous O
wilderness O
course O
. O

" O
I O
'm O
looking O
forward O
to O
this O
race O
. O

I O
think O
it O
will O
be O
more O
physically O
challenging O
and O
we O
'll O
have O
to O
go O
up O
against O
more O
diverse O
situations O
due O
to O
the O
terrain O
, O
" O
said O
Dr. O
Michael B-PER
Stroud I-PER
, O
a O
veteran O
Eco-Challenge B-MISC
participant O
. O

The O
Eco-Challenge B-MISC
has O
been O
staged O
twice O
before O
-- O
in O
Utah B-LOC
and O
Maine B-LOC
last O
year O
-- O
and O
is O
modelled O
on O
similar O
races O
overseas O
. O

The O
70 O
teams O
in O
this O
year O
's O
race O
will O
will O
trek O
glaciers O
, O
climb O
mountains O
, O
whitewater O
raft O
, O
horseback O
ride O
, O
canoe O
and O
mountain O
bike O
along O
the O
grueling O
course O
. O

This O
year O
's O
race O
, O
the O
route O
of O
which O
was O
keep O
a O
secret O
until O
Friday O
evening O
, O
is O
being O
held O
near O
Pemberton B-LOC
, O
British B-LOC
Columbia I-LOC
, O
about O
100 O
miles O
( O
160 O
km O
) O
northeast O
of O
Vancouver B-LOC
. O

The O
area O
is O
filled O
with O
treacherous O
mountain O
peaks O
, O
ice O
fields O
and O
frigid O
waters O
. O

Organisers O
expect O
about O
two-thirds O
of O
the O
participants O
to O
drop O
out O
or O
be O
disqualified O
before O
the O
finish O
. O

The O
hardy O
ones O
are O
expected O
to O
complete O
the O
course O
in O
about O
six O
days O
, O
with O
first-place O
finishers O
receiving O
$ O
10,000 O
in O
prize O
money O
. O

In O
the O
Eco-Challenge B-MISC
, O
competitors O
race O
in O
teams O
of O
five O
which O
must O
include O
both O
men O
and O
women O
. O

Team O
members O
must O
remain O
within O
100 O
yards O
( O
metres O
) O
of O
each O
other O
at O
all O
times O
and O
finish O
together O
. O

With O
racers O
carrying O
about O
40 O
pounds O
( O
18 O
kg O
) O
of O
gear O
on O
their O
backs O
, O
broken O
bones O
, O
sunstroke O
, O
dehydration O
and O
exhaustion O
are O
common O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Cholera O
kills O
21 O
in O
southern O
Nigeria B-LOC
. O

LAGOS B-LOC
1996-05-28 O

An O
outbreak O
of O
cholera O
has O
killed O
21 O
people O
in O
a O
week O
at O
Ubimini B-LOC
in O
oil-rich O
southern O
Nigeria B-LOC
, O
the O
News B-ORG
Agency I-ORG
of I-ORG
Nigeria I-ORG
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
chairman O
of O
the O
local O
council O
, O
Damian B-PER
Ejiohuo I-PER
, O
said O
drugs O
had O
been O
rushed O
to O
the O
area O
to O
quell O
the O
disease O
and O
the O
community O
needed O
a O
safer O
source O
of O
drinking O
water O
to O
prevent O
future O
outbreaks O
. O

Epidemics O
are O
common O
in O
rural O
areas O
of O
Nigeria B-LOC
where O
piped O
water O
is O
not O
usually O
available O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Malawi B-LOC
's O
ex-president O
Banda B-PER
says O
he O
's O
feeling O
well O
. O

BLANTYRE B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Malawi B-LOC
's O
frail O
former O
president O
, O
Kamuzu B-PER
Banda I-PER
, O
said O
on O
Saturday O
in O
a O
rare O
public O
interview O
that O
he O
was O
feeling O
well O
despite O
his O
advanced O
years O
. O

" O
I O
feel O
all O
right O
and O
I O
eat O
everything O
that O
is O
put O
on O
the O
table O
. O

And O
that O
means O
I O
am O
all O
right O
, O
" O
he O
told O
reporters O
invited O
to O
his O
home O
. O

Banda B-PER
, O
a O
vegetarian O
teetotaller O
believed O
to O
be O
97 O
, O
walked O
unaided O
but O
supporting O
himself O
on O
a O
walking O
stick O
. O

He O
clutched O
a O
fly O
whisk O
which O
for O
a O
long O
time O
symbolised O
his O
obsession O
with O
power O
. O

His O
health O
was O
the O
subject O
of O
much O
recent O
speculation O
. O

Malawi B-LOC
's O
undisputed O
ruler O
for O
three O
decades O
, O
he O
lost O
power O
in O
the O
first O
all-party O
elections O
in O
1994 O
. O

He O
spent O
a O
year O
under O
house O
arrest O
and O
was O
tried O
but O
acquitted O
last O
year O
on O
charges O
of O
ordering O
the O
murder O
of O
four O
opponents O
in O
1983 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Zimbabwe B-LOC
fires O
striking O
civil O
servants O
. O

Emelia B-PER
Sithole I-PER

HARARE B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

The O
Zimbabwean B-MISC
government O
fired O
thousands O
of O
workers O
on O
Saturday O
for O
defying O
an O
order O
to O
end O
a O
strike O
which O
has O
crippled O
essential O
services O
and O
disrupted O
international O
and O
domestic O
flights O
. O

The O
Public B-ORG
Service I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
( O
PSC B-ORG
) O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
the O
workers O
-- O
including O
nurses O
, O
junior O
doctors O
, O
mortuary O
attendants O
, O
customs O
officers O
and O
firefighters O
-- O
would O
be O
barred O
from O
entering O
their O
workplaces O
on O
Monday O
. O

" O
All O
civil O
servants O
who O
did O
not O
return O
to O
work O
at O
their O
normal O
working O
hours O
, O
and O
remained O
working O
for O
the O
full O
working O
day O
on O
23 O
August O
1996 O
, O
have O
been O
summarily O
dismissed O
... O

with O
immediate O
effect O
, O
" O
it O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

Union O
officials O
from O
the O
Public B-ORG
Service I-ORG
Association I-ORG
( O
PSA B-ORG
) O
were O
unavailable O
for O
comment O
. O

Public B-ORG
Service I-ORG
, I-ORG
Labour I-ORG
and I-ORG
Social I-ORG
Welfare I-ORG
Minister O
Florence B-LOC
Chitauro O
told O
state O
radio O
her O
ministry O
had O
already O
begun O
recruiting O
other O
people O
to O
replace O
the O
strikers O
, O
sub-contracting O
some O
of O
the O
work O
to O
private O
firms O
. O

The O
government O
had O
been O
threatening O
to O
fire O
the O
workers O
since O
the O
strike O
began O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
saying O
it O
was O
illegal O
. O

But O
the O
strikers O
ignored O
the O
threat O
and O
vowed O
to O
stay O
on O
the O
streets O
until O
their O
demands O
for O
wage O
rises O
of O
30 O
to O
60 O
percent O
were O
met O
. O

The O
stoppage O
has O
left O
essential O
services O
stretched O
with O
many O
hospitals O
handling O
only O
emergency O
cases O
under O
senior O
doctors O
with O
the O
help O
of O
army O
medical O
personnel O
and O
the O
Red B-ORG
Cross I-ORG
. O

It O
has O
also O
disrupted O
flights O
. O

Some O
internal O
services O
were O
cancelled O
, O
leaving O
tourists O
at O
the O
Victoria B-LOC
Falls I-LOC
resort O
stranded O
, O
and O
flights O
abroad O
were O
delayed O
. O

The O
PSA B-ORG
said O
80 O
percent O
of O
the O
country O
's O
180,000 O
civil O
servants O
took O
part O
in O
the O
strike O
which O
is O
a O
rare O
challenge O
to O
President O
Robert B-PER
Mugabe I-PER
, O
who O
has O
been O
in O
power O
since O
independence O
from O
Britain B-LOC
in O
1980 O
. O

Opposition O
parties O
, O
civic O
organisations O
and O
private-sector O
unions O
have O
expressed O
support O
for O
the O
action O
and O
denounced O
the O
government O
's O
pay O
rises O
of O
up O
to O
eight O
percent O
for O
its O
workers O
. O

Civil O
servants O
earn O
on O
average O
Z$ B-MISC
1,000 O
( O
$ O
100 O
) O
a O
month O
. O

They O
say O
their O
pay O
has O
not O
kept O
up O
at O
all O
with O
inflation O
, O
currently O
running O
at O
22 O
percent O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Rwanda B-LOC
says O
Zaire B-LOC
expels O
28 O
Rwandan B-MISC
refugees O
. O

KIGALI B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Rwanda B-LOC
said O
on O
Saturday O
that O
Zaire B-LOC
had O
expelled O
28 O
Rwandan B-MISC
Hutu B-MISC
refugees O
accused O
of O
being O
" O
trouble-makers O
" O
in O
camps O
in O
eastern O
Zaire B-LOC
. O

Captain O
Firmin B-PER
Gatera I-PER
, O
spokesman O
for O
the O
Tutsi-dominated B-MISC
Rwandan B-MISC
army O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
in O
Kigali B-LOC
that O
17 O
of O
the O
28 O
refugees O
handed O
over O
on O
Friday O
from O
the O
Zairean B-MISC
town O
of O
Goma B-LOC
had O
been O
soldiers O
in O
the O
former O
Hutu B-MISC
army O
which O
fled O
to O
Zaire B-LOC
in O
1994 O
after O
being O
defeated O
by O
Tutsi B-MISC
forces O
in O
Rwanda B-LOC
's O
civil O
war O
. O

Zairean B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Kengo B-PER
wa I-PER
Dondo I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
in O
a O
visit O
to O
Rwanda B-LOC
that O
his O
country O
would O
expell O
all O
the O
refugees O
back O
to O
Rwanda B-LOC
but O
he O
gave O
no O
timeframe O
. O

Zaire B-LOC
is O
home O
to O
1.1 O
million O
Rwandan B-MISC
Hutu B-MISC
refugees O
who O
fled O
three O
months O
of O
civil O
war O
in O
1994 O
. O

Many O
had O
taken O
part O
in O
the O
genocide O
that O
year O
of O
one O
million O
people O
, O
mostly O
Tutsis B-MISC
, O
and O
refuse O
to O
go O
home O
for O
fear O
of O
reprisal O
at O
the O
hands O
of O
the O
new O
Tutsi-dominated B-MISC
government O
in O
Kigali B-LOC
. O

Gatera B-PER
said O
the O
refugees O
were O
handed O
over O
following O
a O
deal O
made O
at O
a O
meeting O
between O
the O
governor O
of O
Zaire B-LOC
's O
north O
Kivu B-LOC
region O
and O
his O
counterpart O
in O
the O
Rwandan B-MISC
border O
town O
of O
Gisenyi B-LOC
. O

" O
After O
a O
meeting O
between O
the O
governor O
of O
north O
Kivu B-LOC
and O
the O
prefect O
of O
Gisenyi B-LOC
, O
28 O
prisoners O
( O
refugees O
) O
were O
handed O
over O
to O
Rwandan B-MISC
authorities O
on O
Friday O
, O
" O
Gatera B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Out O
of O
these O
17 O
were O
former O
soldiers O
. O

These O
people O
are O
now O
in O
Gisenyi B-LOC
prison O
, O
" O
Gatera B-PER
added O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Revered O
skull O
of O
S. B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
king O
is O
Scottish B-MISC
woman O
's O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

A O
limelight-loving O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
chief O
was O
in O
disgrace O
on O
Saturday O
after O
a O
prized O
skull O
he O
brought O
home O
from O
Scotland B-LOC
was O
identified O
as O
belonging O
not O
to O
his O
sacred O
tribal O
ancestor O
, O
but O
to O
a O
middle-aged O
white O
woman O
. O

A O
forensic O
scientist O
who O
examined O
the O
supposed O
skull O
of O
19th O
century O
King O
Hintsa B-PER
, O
a O
chief O
of O
President O
Nelson B-PER
Mandela I-PER
's O
Xhosa B-MISC
tribe O
killed O
in O
battle O
by O
the O
British B-MISC
, O
said O
it O
was O
in O
fact O
the O
cranium O
of O
a O
European B-MISC
woman O
. O

Chief O
Nicholas B-PER
Gcaleka I-PER
, O
dressed O
in O
animal O
skins O
and O
full O
tribal O
regalia O
, O
journeyed O
to O
a O
wintry O
Scotland B-LOC
in O
February O
on O
a O
hugely O
publicised O
quest O
to O
find O
Hintsa B-PER
's O
skull O
. O

The O
witchdoctor O
said O
ancestors O
had O
appeared O
to O
him O
in O
a O
dream O
and O
ordered O
him O
to O
return O
the O
head O
, O
said O
to O
have O
been O
carried O
off O
as O
a O
colonial O
trophy O
by O
the O
officer O
who O
shot O
and O
allegedly O
beheaded O
Hintsa B-PER
after O
a O
battle O
in O
1835 O
. O

But O
Gcaleka B-PER
ran O
into O
trouble O
as O
soon O
as O
he O
returned O
to O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
with O
a O
skull O
he O
found O
in O
a O
cottage O
in O
a O
lonely O
Highland B-LOC
forest O
near O
Inverness B-LOC
. O

He O
said O
the O
spirit O
of O
a O
hurricane O
had O
guided O
him O
there O
. O

Members O
of O
the O
Xhosa B-MISC
royal O
family O
, O
branding O
Gcaleka B-PER
a O
charlatan O
, O
confiscated O
the O
head O
and O
sent O
it O
for O
tests O
to O
a O
forensic O
scientist O
, O
who O
examined O
the O
shape O
of O
the O
skull O
and O
the O
hole O
that O
he O
determined O
had O
not O
come O
, O
as O
supposed O
, O
from O
a O
bullet O
. O

" O
It O
can O
be O
stated O
beyond O
reasonable O
doubt O
that O
this O
skull O
is O
not O
that O
of O
the O
late O
king O
, O
" O
the O
scientist O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Sudan B-LOC
arrests O
opposition O
sewing O
machine O
smugglers O
. O

KHARTOUM B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Sudanese B-MISC
police O
have O
arrested O
three O
people O
trying O
to O
smuggle O
sewing O
machines O
and O
army O
clothing O
to O
Sudanese B-MISC
opposition O
groups O
in O
Eritrea B-LOC
, O
an O
official O
newspaper O
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
government-owned O
al-Ingaz B-ORG
al-Watani I-ORG
said O
the O
smugglers O
were O
caught O
in O
Banat B-LOC
in O
the O
eastern O
state O
of O
Kassala B-LOC
, O
on O
the O
border O
with O
Eritrea B-LOC
, O
and O
had O
confessed O
they O
were O
on O
their O
way O
to O
" O
the O
so-called O
alliance O
forces O
which O
have O
been O
undertaking O
subversive O
operations O
on O
the O
eastern O
border O
" O
. O

Authorities O
in O
Kassala B-LOC
said O
opposition O
forces O
based O
in O
Eritrea B-LOC
have O
been O
laying O
landmines O
and O
stealing O
vehicles O
and O
other O
goods O
to O
smuggle O
them O
across O
the O
border O
into O
Eritrea B-LOC
. O

Sudan B-LOC
accuses O
the O
Eritrean B-MISC
authorities O
of O
providing O
support O
to O
Sudanese B-MISC
opposition O
elements O
based O
in O
Eritrea B-LOC
. O

Eritrea B-LOC
cut O
diplomatic O
ties O
with O
Sudan B-LOC
in O
1994 O
, O
accusing O
it O
of O
training O
rebels O
to O
make O
raids O
into O
Eritrea B-LOC
. O

The O
exiled O
National B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Alliance I-ORG
, O
a O
Sudanese B-MISC
umbrella O
opposition O
group O
, O
has O
its O
headquarters O
in O
the O
Eritrean B-MISC
capital O
Asmara B-LOC
. O

It O
uses O
the O
former O
Sudanese B-MISC
embassy O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Albanian B-MISC
Socialists O
start O
landmark O
reform O
congress O
. O

TIRANA B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Albania B-LOC
's O
opposition O
Socialist B-ORG
Party I-ORG
began O
a O
two-day O
congress O
on O
Saturday O
to O
discuss O
major O
jettisoning O
its O
links O
with O
almost O
half O
a O
century O
of O
Stalinist B-MISC
dictatorship O
in O
the O
Balkan B-LOC
country O
. O

" O
The O
congress O
will O
approve O
new O
concepts O
that O
will O
turn O
the O
party O
into O
a O
Social-Democratic O
and O
electoral O
party O
, O
not O
a O
class O
and O
ideological O
one O
, O
" O
the O
Socialist O
Zeri B-ORG
i I-ORG
Popullit I-ORG
daily O
said O
in O
an O
editorial O
. O

Jailed O
Socialist O
leader O
Fatos B-PER
Nano I-PER
made O
the O
first O
call O
for O
change O
in O
July O
, O
a O
month O
after O
the O
party O
's O
chief O
opponents O
, O
the O
conservative O
Democrats B-MISC
of O
President O
Sali B-PER
Berisha I-PER
, O
almost O
swept O
the O
board O
in O
a O
disputed O
general O
election O
. O

The O
Socialists O
, O
reformed O
heirs O
to O
the O
communists O
, O
pulled O
out O
of O
the O
poll O
saying O
it O
was O
a O
sham O
. O

Acting O
Socialist O
leader O
Servet B-PER
Pellumbi I-PER
has O
said O
he O
too O
will O
urge O
the O
party O
to O
scrap O
the O
ideas O
of O
Karl B-PER
Marx I-PER
at O
the O
congress O
. O

The O
pro-reform O
stance O
of O
some O
of O
the O
party O
leadership O
initially O
caused O
a O
storm O
and O
triggered O
the O
resignation O
last O
month O
of O
the O
party O
's O
Secretary-General O
Gramoz B-PER
Ruci I-PER
. O

More O
recently O
political O
commentators O
have O
reported O
a O
growing O
consensus O
, O
however O
, O
and O
a O
rift O
at O
the O
meeting O
looks O
increasingly O
unlikely O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nicaraguan B-MISC
president O
to O
go O
to O
U.S. B-LOC
for O
medical O
care O
. O

MANAGUA B-LOC
, O
Nicaragua B-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Nicaraguan B-MISC
President O
Violeta B-PER
Chamorro I-PER
was O
due O
to O
fly O
to O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
on O
Saturday O
for O
a O
medical O
check-up O
to O
determine O
if O
surgery O
was O
needed O
on O
the O
lower O
part O
of O
her O
spinal O
column O
, O
the O
government O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Chamorro B-PER
has O
complained O
of O
lower O
back O
pain O
since O
her O
trip O
to O
Taiwan B-LOC
in O
May O
, O
when O
the O
pain O
forced O
her O
to O
go O
to O
Taipei B-LOC
University I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
for O
an O
examination O
. O

Chamorro B-PER
, O
66 O
, O
suffers O
from O
osteoporosis O
, O
a O
disease O
that O
weakens O
the O
bones O
, O
and O
has O
repeatedly O
flown O
to O
Washington B-LOC
for O
treatment O
by O
her O
longtime O
doctor O
, O
Sam B-PER
Wilson I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nepal B-LOC
wo O
n't O
help O
split O
Tibet B-LOC
, O
king O
tells O
China B-LOC
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

King O
Birendra B-PER
of O
Nepal B-LOC
has O
told O
China B-LOC
his O
nation O
will O
not O
become O
the O
tool O
of O
people O
who O
want O
Tibetan B-MISC
independence O
from O
Beijing B-LOC
, O
the O
official O
China B-ORG
Daily I-ORG
newspaper O
said O
on O
Saturday O
. O

King O
Birendra B-PER
, O
in O
Tibet B-LOC
at O
the O
start O
of O
a O
one-week O
unofficial O
visit O
to O
China B-LOC
, O
said O
the O
Nepalese B-MISC
government O
had O
" O
maintained O
a O
sharp O
vigilance O
against O
such O
intentions O
" O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

Nepal B-LOC
shares O
a O
long O
mountain O
border O
with O
the O
restive O
Himalayan B-MISC
region O
, O
where O
opposition O
to O
Beijing B-LOC
's O
four-decade O
rule O
is O
widespread O
. O

Chinese B-MISC
official O
media O
has O
often O
accused O
foreign O
forces O
, O
notably O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
of O
seeking O
to O
support O
Tibetan B-MISC
independence O
activists O
. O

King O
Birenda B-PER
told O
Gyaicain B-PER
Norbu I-PER
, O
chairman O
of O
the O
Tibetan B-MISC
government O
, O
that O
Nepal B-LOC
would O
not O
" O
become O
a O
tool O
for O
others O
to O
split O
Tibet B-LOC
" O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

Gyaicain B-PER
told O
the O
royal O
visitor O
increased O
cooperation O
between O
Nepal B-LOC
and O
Tibet B-LOC
was O
possible O
in O
the O
fields O
of O
trade O
, O
tourism O
, O
communications O
and O
sports O
, O
it O
said O
. O

It O
gave O
no O
details O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iran B-LOC
hangs O
two O
men O
for O
drug O
trafficking O
. O

TEHRAN B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Iran B-LOC
has O
hanged O
two O
drug O
traffickers O
in O
the O
southern O
city O
of O
Shiraz B-LOC
, O
the O
evening O
newspaper O
Resalat B-ORG
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
two O
Iranian B-MISC
men O
were O
arrested O
in O
July O
with O
419 O
kilograms O
( O
924 O
lbs O
) O
of O
opium O
after O
they O
opened O
fire O
on O
police O
and O
killed O
a O
pedestrain O
and O
wounded O
four O
, O
the O
newspaper O
quoted O
a O
police O
commander O
as O
saying O
. O

Resalat B-ORG
said O
the O
executions O
were O
ordered O
by O
the O
Islamic B-ORG
Revolutionary I-ORG
Court I-ORG
. O

It O
did O
not O
say O
when O
they O
took O
place O
. O

One O
of O
the O
men O
, O
who O
killed O
the O
pedestrian O
, O
was O
hanged O
at O
the O
site O
of O
the O
crime O
and O
the O
other O
was O
executed O
in O
Adel B-LOC
prison O
in O
Shiraz B-LOC
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

Possession O
of O
30 O
grammes O
( O
just O
over O
an O
ounce O
) O
of O
heroin O
or O
five O
kg O
( O
11 O
lb O
) O
of O
opium O
is O
punishable O
by O
death O
in O
Iran B-LOC
. O

More O
than O
1,000 O
people O
have O
been O
executed O
in O
drug-related O
cases O
since O
the O
law O
took O
effect O
in O
1989 O
. O

Iran B-LOC
has O
an O
estimated O
one O
million O
drug O
addicts O
and O
is O
a O
key O
transit O
route O
for O
drugs O
, O
mostly O
opium O
, O
smuggled O
to O
Europe B-LOC
through O
Afghanistan B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
-- O
the O
so O
called O
" O
Golden B-ORG
Crescent I-ORG
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Main O
Tunisian B-MISC
opposition O
party O
ousted O
from O
HQ O
. O

TUNIS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Tunisia B-LOC
's O
main O
opposition O
party O
on O
Saturday O
announced O
that O
it O
had O
been O
ousted O
from O
its O
headquarters O
building O
by O
a O
court O
decision O
for O
failing O
to O
pay O
the O
rent O
. O

Mohamed B-PER
Ali I-PER
Khalfallah I-PER
, O
spokesman O
for O
the O
Movement B-ORG
of I-ORG
Socialist I-ORG
Democrats I-ORG
( O
MDS B-ORG
) O
said O
that O
a O
bailiff O
who O
was O
accompagnied O
by O
policemen O
, O
on O
Saturday O
ordered O
the O
party O
to O
leave O
the O
building O
. O

" O
We O
were O
not O
allowed O
a O
delay O
to O
enable O
us O
to O
transfer O
the O
movement O
's O
goods O
and O
documents O
, O
" O
Khalfallah B-PER
added O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
building O
is O
state O
property O
. O

The O
MDS B-ORG
was O
represented O
in O
court O
and O
admitted O
owing O
money O
for O
rent O
but O
did O
not O
give O
details O
. O

MDS B-ORG
this O
year O
lost O
its O
president O
and O
vice-president O
, O
both O
of O
whom O
were O
tried O
and O
given O
jail O
sentences O
. O

MDS B-ORG
president O
Mohamed B-PER
Moada I-PER
was O
sentenced O
last O
February O
to O
11 O
years O
in O
jail O
on O
charges O
of O
having O
secret O
contacts O
with O
Libyan B-MISC
agents O
and O
receiving O
money O
from O
Tripoli B-LOC
. O

Vice-president O
Khemais B-PER
Chammari I-PER
last O
July O
was O
sentenced O
to O
five O
years O
in O
prison O
on O
a O
charge O
of O
disclosing O
secrets O
of O
judicial O
proceedings O
in O
Moada B-PER
's O
affair O
. O

To O
replace O
Moada B-PER
, O
the O
MDS B-ORG
after O
the O
trial O
named O
Khalfallah B-PER
as O
" O
coordinator O
" O
but O
Ismail B-PER
Boulahya I-PER
, O
the O
last O
of O
the O
MDS B-ORG
founding O
members O
still O
politically O
active O
, O
claimed O
the O
title O
of O
president O
, O
causing O
a O
new O
split O
within O
the O
movement O
. O

MDS B-ORG
was O
founded O
in O
1978 O
by O
a O
group O
led O
by O
Ahmed B-PER
Mestiri I-PER
, O
who O
withdrew O
from O
politics O
in O
1992 O
. O

Succeeding O
him O
as O
head O
of O
the O
movement O
, O
Moada B-PER
, O
an O
Arab B-MISC
nationalist O
, O
ousted O
liberals O
led O
by O
MDS B-ORG
secretary-general O
Mustapha B-PER
Ben I-PER
Jaafar I-PER
in O
1993 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kurdish B-MISC
group O
says O
two O
killed O
in O
Iraqi B-MISC
shelling O
. O

NICOSIA B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

An O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
guerrilla O
group O
on O
Saturday O
accused O
Iraqi B-MISC
government O
forces O
of O
killing O
two O
civilians O
in O
shelling O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
, O
the O
Iranian B-MISC
news O
agency O
IRNA B-ORG
reported O
. O

IRNA B-ORG
said O
it O
was O
monitoring O
a O
report O
from O
a O
radio O
station O
affiliated O
to O
the O
Patriotic B-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Kurdistan I-ORG
( O
PUK B-ORG
) O
. O

" O
Iraqi B-MISC
army O
heavily O
shelled O
the O
Kanie B-LOC
Karzhala I-LOC
camp O
, O
west O
of O
Arbil B-LOC
, O
on O
Friday O
... O

Two O
civilians O
were O
killed O
in O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
bombing O
, O
" O
IRNA B-ORG
quoted O
the O
radio O
report O
as O
saying O
. O

The O
PUK-run B-MISC
radio O
on O
Friday O
said O
Iraqi B-MISC
heavy O
artillery O
was O
pounding O
its O
positions O
in O
Kurdish-controlled B-MISC
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
but O
it O
gave O
no O
details O
of O
casualties O
. O

There O
was O
no O
independent O
confirmation O
of O
the O
reports O
. O

The O
rival O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
KDP B-ORG
) O
, O
which O
accuses O
Iran B-LOC
of O
supporting O
the O
PUK B-ORG
, O
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
its O
forces O
had O
halted O
an O
Iranian-backed O
attack O
by O
thousands O
of O
PUK B-ORG
fighters O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
said O
in O
Washington B-LOC
on O
Friday O
that O
it O
had O
brokered O
a O
ceasefire O
to O
end O
six O
days O
of O
fighting O
between O
the O
two O
main O
Kurdish B-MISC
factions O
and O
persuaded O
them O
to O
attend O
U.S.-mediated B-MISC
peace O
talks O
next O
month O
. O

The O
clashes O
, O
shattering O
a O
ceasefire O
negotiated O
last O
year O
by O
Washington B-LOC
, O
had O
threatened O
a O
U.S.-led B-MISC
peace O
plan O
to O
unite O
the O
Kurdish B-MISC
region O
against O
Iraqi B-MISC
President O
Saddam B-PER
Hussein I-PER
. O

U.S. B-LOC
, O
British B-MISC
and O
French B-MISC
planes O
have O
been O
patrolling O
the O
skies O
of O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
since O
shortly O
after O
the O
1991 O
Gulf B-MISC
War I-MISC
to O
shield O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
Kurds B-MISC
from O
any O
attack O
by O
Iraqi B-MISC
troops O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iran B-LOC
accuses O
Iraq B-LOC
of O
ceasefire O
violations O
. O

NICOSIA B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Iran B-LOC
has O
accused O
Iraq B-LOC
of O
violating O
the O
ceasefire O
ending O
their O
1980-88 O
war O
some O
32 O
times O
between O
the O
end O
of O
March O
and O
May O
31 O
this O
year O
, O
the O
Iranian B-MISC
news O
agency O
IRNA B-ORG
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Iran B-LOC
's O
deputy O
representative O
to O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
, O
Majid B-PER
Takht I-PER
Ravanchi I-PER
, O
made O
the O
allegations O
in O
a O
letter O
to O
U.N. B-ORG
Secretary-General O
Boutros B-PER
Boutros-Ghali I-PER
on O
Friday O
, O
the O
agency O
said O
. O

" O
The O
Islamic B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
of I-LOC
Iran I-LOC
has O
reported O
some O
32 O
new O
cases O
of O
ceasefire O
violations O
by O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
regime O
between O
March O
31 O
and O
May O
31 O
, O
1996 O
, O
" O
it O
reported O
from O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
. O

It O
said O
violations O
included O
constructing O
observation O
posts O
, O
installing O
mortars O
and O
anti-aircraft O
cannons O
, O
setting O
up O
tents O
, O
penetrating O
Iranian B-MISC
territory O
, O
and O
firing O
rifle O
grenades O
towards O
Iranian B-MISC
territory O
. O

The O
eight-year O
war O
between O
the O
two O
countries O
ended O
with O
a O
U.N.-sponsored B-MISC
ceasefire O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Iraq B-LOC
- O
Aug O
24 O
. O

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

These O
are O
some O
of O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
official O
Iraqi B-MISC
press O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

JUMHOURIYA B-ORG

- O
Istanbul B-LOC
chamber O
of O
commerce O
urges O
Ankara B-LOC
to O
resume O
trade O
with O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

- O
Offers O
from O
Arab B-MISC
and O
foreign O
companies O
to O
supply O
Iraq B-LOC
with O
goods O
. O

- O
Four O
ships O
unload O
tonnes O
of O
Iraq-bound B-MISC
sugar O
at O
Jordan B-LOC
's O
Aqaba B-LOC
. O

- O
Editorial O
blames O
U.S. B-LOC
for O
latest O
flare-up O
of O
fighting O
between O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebels O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

- O
Black O
market O
booms O
in O
the O
shadow O
of O
state-run O
supermarkets O
. O

- O
Parliament O
completes O
draft O
law O
on O
protection O
of O
river O
waters O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

QADISSIYA B-ORG

- O
Iraq B-LOC
denounces O
violation O
of O
airspace O
by O
U.S. B-LOC
warplanes O
. O

IRAQ B-LOC

- O
Editorial O
lambasts O
Jalal B-PER
Talabani I-PER
, O
leader O
of O
a O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebel O
faction O
in O
the O
north O
, O
for O
liaising O
with O
Iran B-LOC
in O
its O
fight O
against O
rivals O
. O

BABEL B-ORG

- O
Blaming O
Iraq B-LOC
for O
riots O
in O
Jordan B-LOC
is O
a O
dirty O
game O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Clinton B-PER
campaign O
busy O
making O
" O
news O
" O
. O

Laurence B-PER
McQuillan I-PER

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
has O
served O
notice O
he O
intends O
to O
be O
busy O
" O
making O
news O
" O
-- O
or O
at O
least O
doing O
things O
that O
look O
and O
sound O
like O
it O
in O
a O
campaign O
year O
. O

With O
Democrats B-MISC
gathering O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
to O
start O
a O
convention O
on O
Monday O
to O
nominate O
him O
for O
a O
second O
term O
as O
president O
, O
Clinton B-PER
plans O
a O
steady O
parade O
of O
events O
designed O
to O
highlight O
his O
leadership O
and O
dim O
the O
glow O
of O
the O
just-concluded O
Republican B-MISC
conclave O
that O
gave O
a O
boost O
to O
rival O
Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
. O

After O
a O
week O
of O
carefully O
orchestrated O
events O
signing O
into O
law O
bills O
passed O
by O
the O
Republican-controlled B-MISC
Congress B-ORG
, O
Clinton B-PER
used O
his O
Saturday O
radio O
address O
to O
the O
nation O
to O
proudly O
" O
announce O
" O
a O
development O
in O
the O
war O
on O
crime O
. O

" O
Sixty O
days O
ago O
I O
directed O
the O
attorney O
general O
to O
draw O
up O
a O
plan O
for O
a O
national O
registry O
of O
sex O
offenders O
, O
" O
Clinton B-PER
said O
. O
" O

That O
plan O
has O
now O
reached O
my O
desk O
. O
" O

" O
Today O
I O
am O
pleased O
to O
announce O
that O
we O
are O
following O
through O
on O
our O
commitment O
to O
keep O
track O
of O
these O
criminals O
, O
not O
just O
in O
a O
single O
state O
but O
wherever O
they O
go O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Actually O
, O
creation O
of O
such O
a O
registry O
was O
underway O
without O
Clinton B-PER
lifting O
a O
finger O
. O

Attorney O
General O
Janet B-PER
Reno I-PER
's O
report O
-- O
all O
nine O
pages O
of O
it O
, O
including O
footnotes O
-- O
offers O
only O
the O
interim O
services O
of O
the O
FBI B-ORG
until O
a O
formal O
registry O
on O
sex O
offenders O
has O
been O
established O
. O

Two O
months O
ago O
, O
Clinton B-PER
announced O
he O
wanted O
an O
interim O
effort O
established O
. O

Now O
, O
60 O
days O
later O
, O
he O
had O
a O
chance O
to O
talk O
about O
it O
again O
. O

It O
is O
an O
example O
of O
Clinton B-PER
's O
strategic O
planning O
as O
he O
heads O
into O
the O
stretch O
drive O
for O
the O
Nov. O
5 O
presidential O
election O
. O

Such O
things O
do O
not O
happen O
by O
chance O
in O
the O
Clinton B-PER
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
, O
they O
are O
part O
of O
his O
political O
chess O
game O
. O

In O
the O
past O
week O
Clinton B-PER
signed O
into O
law O
an O
increase O
in O
the O
minimium O
wage O
, O
a O
bill O
that O
makes O
it O
easier O
for O
someone O
with O
a O
pre-existing O
health O
problem O
to O
change O
jobs O
, O
and O
sweeping O
changes O
overhauling O
the O
nation O
's O
welfare O
system O
. O

" O
America B-LOC
can O
look O
back O
on O
a O
week O
of O
remarkable O
achievement O
, O
" O
Clinton B-PER
said O
, O
without O
even O
a O
passing O
reference O
to O
the O
Republican B-MISC
majority O
in O
the O
House B-ORG
and O
Senate B-ORG
. O

" O
America B-LOC
is O
on O
the O
right O
track O
offering O
more O
opportunity O
, O
demanding O
more O
responsibility O
, O
building O
a O
stronger O
community O
, O
the O
sense O
of O
shared O
values O
and O
stronger O
families O
, O
" O
he O
said O
in O
striking O
the O
theme O
of O
his O
coming O
week O
. O

According O
to O
a O
senior O
campaign O
official O
, O
Clinton B-PER
" O
will O
be O
making O
a O
lot O
of O
news O
in O
the O
coming O
week O
-- O
something O
different O
each O
day O
. O
" O

Clinton B-PER
departs O
on O
Sunday O
on O
a O
four-day O
train O
trip O
through O
West B-LOC
Virginia I-LOC
, O
Kentucky B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
, O
Michigan B-LOC
and O
Indiana B-LOC
while O
fellow O
Democrats B-MISC
are O
gathered O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
. O

" O
He O
'll O
make O
news O
during O
the O
day O
... O
and O
then O
at O
night O
the O
attention O
will O
go O
to O
the O
convention O
, O
" O
said O
the O
campaign O
official O
. O
" O

We O
think O
it O
'll O
work O
really O
well O
. O
" O

Although O
officials O
decline O
to O
say O
just O
what O
each O
day O
's O
" O
news O
" O
will O
be O
, O
the O
intent O
is O
to O
put O
a O
focus O
on O
Clinton B-PER
himself O
and O
not O
just O
those O
attending O
the O
party O
's O
convention O
. O

Each O
day O
of O
the O
trip O
will O
have O
a O
late O
start O
, O
so O
that O
network O
television O
correspondents O
will O
be O
able O
to O
do O
live O
reports O
for O
morning O
programmes O
. O

Campaign O
officials O
then O
hope O
the O
day O
's O
" O
news O
" O
event O
will O
be O
showcased O
on O
evening O
television O
news O
shows O
as O
a O
lead-in O
for O
that O
night O
's O
convention O
programme O
. O

" O
We O
'll O
be O
concentrating O
... O
on O
supporting O
the O
president O
as O
he O
is O
on O
the O
trip O
and O
making O
significant O
public O
policy O
statements O
related O
to O
some O
of O
his O
plans O
for O
the O
future O
, O
" O
said O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
Press O
Secretary O
Mike B-PER
McCurry I-PER
. O

McCurry B-PER
said O
that O
when O
Clinton B-PER
delivers O
his O
acceptance O
address O
on O
Thursday O
night O
to O
fellow O
Democrats B-MISC
and O
a O
national O
television O
audience O
, O
he O
will O
" O
set O
out O
a O
road O
map O
" O
for O
the O
nation O
's O
future O
-- O
one O
the O
president O
hopes O
guides O
him O
back O
to O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
for O
four O
more O
years O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hurricane O
expected O
to O
veer O
north O
of O
Caribbean B-LOC
. O

MIAMI B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Hurricane O
Edouard B-MISC
grew O
stronger O
on O
Saturday O
as O
it O
swirled O
across O
the O
Atlantic B-LOC
Ocean I-LOC
, O
but O
forecasters O
at O
the O
National B-ORG
Hurricane I-ORG
Center I-ORG
said O
the O
storm O
would O
likely O
swing O
north O
and O
miss O
the O
Caribbean B-LOC
. O

" O
Edouard B-MISC
is O
getting O
stronger O
and O
stronger O
, O
and O
it O
already O
has O
winds O
of O
105 O
mph O
( O
185 O
kph O
) O
, O
" O
said O
hurricane O
forecaster O
Lixion B-PER
Avila I-PER
. O

" O
But O
the O
good O
news O
is O
that O
all O
our O
computer O
models O
indicate O
Edouard B-MISC
is O
going O
to O
turn O
to O
the O
west-northwest O
on O
Sunday O
and O
miss O
the O
islands O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

At O
11 O
a.m. O
EDT O
( O
1500 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
, O
Edouard B-MISC
was O
1,130 O
miles O
east O
of O
the O
Lesser B-LOC
Antilles I-LOC
and O
moving O
west O
at O
14 O
mph O
( O
25 O
kph O
) O
. O

Its O
exact O
position O
was O
latitude O
14.5 O
north O
, O
longitude O
44.2 O
west O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

France B-LOC
hands O
suspected O
ETA B-ORG
member O
to O
Spain B-LOC
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

France B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
handed O
a O
suspected O
member O
of O
the O
Basque B-MISC
separatist O
group O
ETA B-ORG
to O
Spanish B-MISC
authorities O
, O
French B-MISC
Interior B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
officials O
said O
. O

Ignacio B-PER
Olascoaga I-PER
Mugica I-PER
, O
who O
had O
just O
ended O
a O
prison O
sentence O
in O
France B-LOC
, O
is O
suspected O
of O
having O
taken O
part O
in O
several O
guerrilla O
attacks O
in O
Spain B-LOC
. O

ETA B-ORG
( O
Basque B-ORG
Homeland I-ORG
and I-ORG
Freedom I-ORG
) O
has O
killed O
about O
800 O
people O
in O
its O
campaign O
for O
an O
independent O
Basque B-MISC
state O
since O
the O
1960s O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
troops O
to O
remain O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
for O
1997--Ruehe B-MISC
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Defence O
Minister O
Volker B-PER
Ruehe I-PER
said O
that O
German B-MISC
troops O
would O
stay O
on O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
next O
year O
as O
part O
of O
an O
international O
force O
to O
ensure O
the O
establishment O
of O
peace O
, O
a O
newspaper O
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
current O
NATO-led B-MISC
peace O
force O
( O
IFOR B-ORG
) O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
is O
due O
to O
return O
home O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
year O
. O

But O
Ruehe B-PER
told O
Bild B-ORG
am I-ORG
Sonntag I-ORG
in O
an O
interview O
that O
a O
" O
new O
and O
different O
mandate O
" O
for O
the O
troops O
would O
be O
agreed O
on O
for O
next O
year O
after O
the O
current O
mandate O
expires O
in O
December O
. O

" O
After O
the O
( O
Bosnian B-MISC
) O
elections O
( O
on O
September O
14 O
) O
the O
troops O
will O
start O
being O
reduced O
from O
the O
beginning O
of O
October O
from O
60,000 O
to O
about O
20,000 O
. O

A O
completely O
new O
and O
different O
mandate O
will O
be O
agreed O
for O
next O
year O
, O
" O
Ruehe B-PER
said O
. O

" O
The O
defence O
ministers O
will O
begin O
negotiations O
for O
this O
at O
the O
beginning O
of O
September O
at O
a O
NATO B-ORG
meeting O
, O
" O
he O
told O
the O
newspaper O
in O
an O
interview O
, O
excerpts O
of O
which O
were O
released O
ahead O
of O
publication O
on O
Sunday O
. O

" O
But O
we O
must O
avoid O
giving O
the O
impression O
this O
peace O
deployment O
in O
former O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
is O
being O
perceived O
in O
the O
long O
run O
as O
an O
occupation O
. O

On O
the O
other O
hand O
we O
must O
prevent O
any O
return O
of O
war O
and O
massacres O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Italian B-MISC
comics O
hope O
independence-joke O
's O
on O
Bossi B-PER
. O

ORVIETO B-LOC
, O
Italy B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

A O
group O
of O
Italian B-MISC
comics O
hope O
the O
joke O
will O
be O
on O
separatist O
leader O
Umberto B-PER
Bossi I-PER
next O
month O
when O
they O
lead O
the O
ancient O
Etruscan B-MISC
town O
of O
Orvieto B-LOC
in O
a O
mock O
split O
from O
Rome B-LOC
. O

Orvieto B-LOC
mayor O
Stefano B-PER
Cimicchi I-PER
said O
the O
comics O
, O
including O
popular O
actor O
Roberto B-PER
Benigni I-PER
, O
would O
declare O
Orvieto B-LOC
" O
capital O
of O
Etruria B-LOC
" O
on O
September O
15 O
-- O
the O
day O
Bossi B-PER
plans O
a O
march O
across O
the O
north O
in O
favour O
of O
independence O
from O
Rome B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
will O
then O
proceed O
with O
the O
annexation O
of O
Sardinia B-LOC
, O
Corsica B-LOC
and O
Cyprus B-LOC
, O
" O
Cimicchi B-PER
told O
reporters O
on O
Saturday O
. O

He O
said O
the O
city O
council O
would O
be O
" O
ironically O
present O
" O
when O
the O
comics O
made O
their O
proclamation O
on O
the O
same O
day O
Bossi B-PER
has O
threatened O
to O
declare O
the O
birth O
of O
Padania B-LOC
, O
the O
name O
he O
has O
given O
to O
northern O
Italy B-LOC
. O

Orvieto B-LOC
, O
located O
in O
Umbria B-LOC
between O
Rome B-LOC
and O
Florence B-LOC
, O
was O
once O
the O
capital O
of O
Etruria B-LOC
, O
an O
ancient O
federation O
of O
12 O
Etruscan B-MISC
towns O
. O

" O
We O
want O
to O
pop O
some O
air O
out O
of O
this O
balloon O
of O
tension O
that O
has O
been O
blown O
up O
around O
September O
15 O
, O
" O
Cimicchi B-PER
said O
. O

" O
We O
want O
to O
help O
turn O
down O
the O
rhetoric O
in O
a O
country O
that O
borders O
former O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
yet O
in O
which O
people O
are O
still O
talking O
about O
secession O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Bossi B-PER
has O
intensified O
his O
separatist O
rhetoric O
since O
his O
Northern B-ORG
League I-ORG
party O
's O
good O
showing O
in O
last O
April O
's O
general O
election O
, O
when O
it O
took O
10 O
percent O
of O
the O
vote O
nationally O
. O

He O
has O
recently O
dropped O
a O
drive O
for O
federalism O
, O
saying O
secession O
from O
Rome B-LOC
's O
wasteful O
and O
centralised O
bureaucracy O
is O
the O
only O
solution O
for O
northerners O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Italian B-MISC
farmer O
says O
he O
mutilated O
four O
women O
. O

VERONA B-LOC
, O
Italy B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

An O
Italian B-MISC
farmer O
accused O
of O
multiple O
homocide O
has O
confessed O
to O
mutilating O
the O
bodies O
of O
four O
women O
after O
having O
sex O
with O
them O
, O
the O
Italian B-MISC
news O
agency O
ANSA B-ORG
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

It O
quoted O
the O
lawyer O
of O
Gianfranco B-PER
Stevanin I-PER
as O
saying O
the O
35-year-old O
farmer O
confessed O
on O
Friday O
to O
a O
Verona B-LOC
magistrate O
that O
he O
had O
killed O
and O
mutilated O
the O
women O
. O

ANSA B-ORG
said O
Stevanin B-PER
was O
unable O
to O
recall O
how O
he O
had O
killed O
the O
women O
, O
remembering O
only O
that O
he O
had O
found O
them O
" O
lifeless O
in O
his O
arms O
" O
after O
having O
sadmasochistic O
sex O
with O
them O
. O

Stevanin B-PER
, O
arrested O
in O
1994 O
and O
jailed O
for O
three O
years O
for O
assaulting O
an O
Austrian B-MISC
prostitute O
, O
is O
accused O
of O
murdering O
five O
women O
, O
three O
of O
whose O
bodies O
were O
found O
near O
his O
villa O
outside O
Verona B-PER
between O
July O
and O
December O
1995 O
. O

Two O
of O
the O
corpses O
were O
identified O
but O
not O
the O
third O
, O
found O
headless O
and O
decomposed O
in O
a O
sack O
in O
a O
nearby O
canal O
. O

Lawyer O
Cesare B-PER
dal I-PER
Maso I-PER
told O
ANSA B-ORG
that O
Stevanin B-PER
confessed O
to O
beheading O
and O
dumping O
the O
body O
of O
a O
fourth O
woman O
in O
the O
nearby O
Adige B-LOC
river O
. O

Dal B-PER
Maso I-PER
declined O
to O
comment O
on O
the O
alleged O
fifth O
murder O
, O
saying O
only O
that O
" O
the O
interrogations O
are O
not O
over O
yet O
" O
with O
investigators O
. O

It O
said O
investigators O
believed O
Stevanin B-PER
had O
suffocated O
them O
by O
putting O
plastic O
bags O
on O
their O
heads O
. O

Stevanin B-PER
was O
first O
sentenced O
for O
assault O
but O
investigators O
began O
digging O
in O
the O
garden O
of O
his O
villa O
after O
the O
first O
body O
was O
found O
by O
a O
passer-by O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Belgium B-LOC
asks O
how O
paedophile O
suspect O
eluded O
police O
. O

Jeremy B-PER
Lovell I-PER

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Belgian B-MISC
police O
searched O
two O
more O
houses O
on O
Saturday O
for O
bodies O
in O
a O
child-sex O
scandal O
of O
murder O
, O
kidnapping O
and O
pornography O
that O
has O
sent O
a O
shockwave O
of O
revulsion O
throughout O
Europe B-LOC
. O

Recriminations O
built O
up O
over O
how O
the O
scandal O
's O
central O
figure O
, O
convicted O
child O
rapist O
Marc B-PER
Dutroux I-PER
, O
managed O
to O
prey O
on O
children O
unhindered O
for O
so O
long O
. O

In O
just O
over O
a O
week O
two O
young O
girls O
have O
been O
found O
dead O
, O
from O
starvation O
, O
two O
have O
been O
freed O
from O
a O
dungeon-like O
secret O
compartment O
and O
an O
international O
hunt O
has O
started O
for O
at O
least O
two O
others O
. O

On O
Saturday O
investigators O
with O
dogs O
trained O
to O
find O
bodies O
searched O
one O
house O
at O
Ransart B-LOC
and O
one O
at O
Mont-sur-Marchienne B-LOC
-- O
both O
suburbs O
of O
the O
southern O
city O
of O
Charleroi B-LOC
. O

Both O
houses O
are O
owned O
by O
Dutroux B-PER
. O

Belgian B-MISC
media O
speculated O
that O
Dutroux B-PER
, O
charged O
with O
abduction O
and O
illegal O
imprisonment O
of O
children O
, O
must O
have O
had O
high O
level O
protection O
to O
molest O
youngsters O
. O

They O
put O
forward O
no O
proof O
to O
support O
the O
speculation O
, O
but O
seized O
on O
a O
comment O
by O
chief O
prosecutor O
Michel B-PER
Bourlet I-PER
on O
Belgian B-MISC
television O
on O
Friday O
night O
that O
he O
would O
chase O
down O
everyone O
involved O
in O
the O
case O
" O
if O
I O
am O
allowed O
to O
" O
. O

Bourlet B-PER
said O
between O
300 O
and O
400 O
paedophile O
porn O
video O
tapes O
had O
been O
seized O
, O
some O
of O
which O
featured O
Dutroux B-PER
. O

Dutroux B-PER
was O
charged O
a O
week O
ago O
after O
police O
rescued O
two O
young O
girls O
from O
a O
concrete O
dungeon O
in O
the O
basement O
of O
one O
of O
the O
six O
houses O
he O
owns O
in O
and O
around O
Charleroi B-LOC
. O

Just O
a O
day O
later O
the O
national O
euphoria O
at O
the O
rescue O
turned O
to O
disgust O
as O
Dutroux B-PER
led O
police O
to O
the O
bodies O
of O
two O
eight-year-old O
girls O
in O
another O
of O
his O
houses O
. O

Julie B-PER
Lejeune I-PER
and O
Melissa B-PER
Russo I-PER
, O
had O
been O
kidnapped O
in O
June O
last O
year O
. O

Dutroux B-PER
said O
they O
starved O
to O
death O
nine O
months O
later O
. O

He O
also O
admitted O
kidnapping O
two O
other O
girls O
, O
An B-PER
Marchal I-PER
and O
Eefje B-PER
Lambrecks I-PER
, O
a O
year O
ago O
. O

The O
fate O
of O
the O
girls O
is O
unknown O
, O
but O
there O
has O
been O
speculation O
they O
were O
sold O
into O
prostitution O
in O
Slovakia B-LOC
or O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
where O
Dutroux B-PER
was O
a O
frequent O
visitor O
. O

Belgian B-MISC
police O
have O
visited O
Bratislava B-LOC
and O
will O
visit O
Prague B-LOC
. O

Five O
other O
people O
have O
been O
arrested O
including O
Dutroux B-PER
's O
second O
wife O
Michelle B-PER
Martin I-PER
, O
charged O
as O
an O
accomplice O
. O

The O
others O
have O
been O
charged O
with O
abduction O
and O
illegal O
imprisonment O
of O
children O
or O
are O
suspected O
of O
criminal O
association O
. O

Dutch B-MISC
police O
are O
also O
holding O
a O
74-year O
old O
Dutchman B-MISC
in O
connection O
with O
the O
disappearance O
of O
An B-PER
and O
Eefje B-PER
, O
although O
a O
spokesman O
said O
no O
direct O
link O
had O
yet O
been O
established O
. O

At O
least O
part O
of O
the O
speculation O
in O
the O
Belgian B-MISC
media O
of O
high-level O
protection O
for O
Dutroux B-PER
and O
his O
accomplices O
is O
based O
on O
leaked O
documents O
cataloguing O
a O
high O
degree O
of O
police O
bungling O
, O
incompetence O
and O
indifference O
. O

Among O
the O
revelations O
are O
the O
fact O
that O
the O
gendarmerie O
was O
running O
a O
surveillance O
operation O
codenamed O
" O
Othello B-MISC
" O
against O
Dutroux B-PER
in O
1995 O
-- O
when O
both O
Julie B-PER
and O
Melissa B-PER
and O
An B-PER
and O
Eefje B-PER
were O
kidnapped O
. O

They O
show O
that O
the O
gendarmes O
were O
aware O
that O
Dutroux B-PER
was O
building O
cells O
in O
some O
of O
his O
houses O
for O
holding O
children O
, O
yet O
this O
information O
was O
either O
not O
passed O
on O
to O
other O
police O
forces O
searching O
for O
the O
missing O
girls O
or O
was O
overlooked O
when O
it O
was O
. O

They O
also O
show O
that O
police O
investigating O
a O
theft O
visited O
Dutroux B-PER
late O
last O
year O
at O
the O
house O
where O
Julie B-PER
and O
Melissa B-PER
were O
being O
held O
but O
accepted O
his O
word O
that O
the O
children O
's O
cries O
they O
could O
hear O
came O
from O
neighbours O
. O

Justice B-ORG
Minister O
Stefaan B-PER
De I-PER
Clerck I-PER
has O
admitted O
that O
mistakes O
were O
made O
and O
ordered O
an O
inquiry O
at O
the O
same O
time O
as O
stressing O
there O
were O
no O
indications O
of O
a O
cover-up O
. O

There O
is O
also O
widespread O
disbelief O
that O
no O
one O
appeared O
to O
question O
how O
Dutroux B-PER
, O
an O
unemployed O
father O
of O
three O
with O
no O
visible O
means O
of O
support O
, O
managed O
to O
own O
six O
houses O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Death O
toll O
of O
Algeria B-LOC
bomb O
put O
at O
seven-newspaper O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

An O
Algerian B-MISC
newspaper O
on O
Saturday O
put O
at O
seven O
-- O
two O
women O
and O
five O
children O
-- O
the O
death O
toll O
of O
a O
bomb O
blast O
in O
a O
market O
west O
of O
Algiers B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

Algerian B-MISC
security O
forces O
said O
on O
Friday O
three O
women O
and O
two O
children O
were O
killed O
and O
five O
people O
wounded O
when O
a O
home-made O
bomb O
exploded O
at O
a O
market O
in O
the O
coastal O
town O
of O
Bou B-LOC
Haroun I-LOC
, O
65 O
km O
( O
40 O
miles O
) O
west O
of O
Algiers B-LOC
. O

The O
security O
forces O
also O
said O
a O
man O
carrying O
an O
explosive O
device O
also O
died O
after O
it O
went O
off O
prematurely O
. O

El-Watan B-ORG
paper O
said O
the O
blast O
killed O
seven O
-- O
a O
mother O
and O
her O
25-year-old O
daughter O
, O
four O
young O
boys O
and O
a O
five-year-old O
girl O
. O

Several O
people O
were O
also O
wounded O
, O
it O
said O
. O

The O
explosion O
was O
the O
latest O
in O
series O
of O
bomb O
attacks O
in O
Algeria B-LOC
's O
four-year-old O
civil O
strife O
. O

The O
government-appointed O
watchdog O
, O
Human B-ORG
Rights I-ORG
National I-ORG
Observatory I-ORG
, O
was O
quoted O
this O
month O
by O
local O
newspapers O
as O
saying O
about O
1,400 O
civilians O
have O
died O
in O
bomb O
attacks O
blamed O
on O
Moslem B-MISC
rebels O
in O
the O
past O
two O
years O
. O

An O
estimated O
50,000 O
Algerians B-MISC
and O
more O
than O
110 O
foreigners O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
violence O
pitting O
Moslem B-MISC
rebels O
against O
government O
forces O
since O
early O
1992 O
, O
when O
the O
authorities O
cancelled O
a O
general O
election O
in O
which O
radical O
Islamists B-MISC
had O
taken O
a O
commanding O
lead O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Malta B-LOC
police O
seize O
cannabis O
among O
chilli O
sauce O
. O

VALLETTA B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Police O
in O
Malta B-LOC
said O
on O
Saturday O
they O
had O
seized O
7.5 O
tonnes O
of O
cannabis O
concealed O
in O
a O
shipment O
of O
chilli O
sauce O
on O
its O
way O
from O
Singapore B-LOC
to O
Romania B-LOC
. O

Police O
commissioner O
George B-PER
Grech I-PER
said O
the O
cannabis O
was O
found O
on O
Friday O
packed O
in O
500 O
boxes O
hidden O
behind O
chilli O
sauce O
in O
a O
container O
that O
arrived O
at O
Malta B-LOC
Freeport I-LOC
a O
week O
ago O
. O

The O
container O
was O
on O
its O
way O
to O
Romania B-LOC
via O
the O
former O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
from O
Singapore B-LOC
and O
was O
the O
biggest O
drugs O
haul O
in O
Malta B-LOC
, O
police O
said O
. O

No O
street O
value O
was O
given O
for O
the O
cannabis O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Czech B-MISC
coach O
in O
fatal O
crash O
in O
Austria B-LOC
. O

VIENNA B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

A O
Czech B-MISC
coach O
crashed O
and O
burst O
into O
flames O
on O
a O
southern O
Austrian B-MISC
motorway O
early O
on O
Saturday O
, O
killing O
one O
person O
and O
injuring O
15 O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Austrian B-MISC
television O
said O
the O
coach O
, O
which O
was O
carrying O
45 O
, O
was O
en O
route O
from O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
to O
Italy B-LOC
when O
the O
accident O
occurred O
near O
Steinberg B-LOC
, O
200 O
km O
southwest O
of O
Vienna B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Most O
Spaniards O
back O
talks O
with O
Basque B-MISC
rebels--poll O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Most O
Spaniards O
would O
support O
government O
talks O
with O
the O
illegal O
Basque B-MISC
separatist O
group O
ETA B-ORG
if O
the O
rebels O
renounced O
violence O
permanently O
, O
a O
survey O
published O
in O
daily O
El B-ORG
Mundo I-ORG
on O
Saturday O
said O
. O

While O
57 O
percent O
of O
the O
population O
supported O
negotiations O
with O
ETA B-ORG
( O
Basque B-ORG
Homeland I-ORG
and I-ORG
Freedom I-ORG
) O
, O
30 O
percent O
opposed O
it O
, O
the O
survey O
by O
the O
state-controlled O
Centre B-ORG
for I-ORG
Sociological I-ORG
Studies I-ORG
( O
CIS B-ORG
) O
found O
. O

But O
80 O
percent O
said O
ETA B-ORG
had O
shown O
little O
interest O
in O
achieving O
peace O
in O
the O
Basque B-MISC
country O
when O
it O
offered O
a O
one-week O
truce O
in O
July O
while O
continuing O
to O
hold O
prison O
officer O
Jose B-PER
Antonio I-PER
Ortega I-PER
Lara I-PER
, O
kidnapped O
in O
January O
. O

The O
problem O
of O
terrorism O
had O
neither O
worsened O
nor O
improved O
since O
the O
conservative O
Popular B-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PP B-ORG
) O
came O
to O
power O
in O
May O
, O
according O
to O
56 O
percent O
of O
those O
questioned O
, O
while O
22 O
percent O
said O
it O
had O
worsened O
. O

The O
survey O
questioned O
2,496 O
people O
between O
July O
17 O
and O
21 O
and O
has O
a O
margin O
of O
error O
of O
plus O
or O
minus O
two O
percent O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Thirty O
killed O
as O
floods O
plunge O
Lahore B-LOC
into O
chaos O
. O

ISLAMABAD B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

At O
least O
30 O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
and O
about O
100 O
injured O
in O
the O
flood-hit O
Pakistani B-MISC
city O
of O
Lahore B-LOC
, O
newspapers O
reported O
on O
Saturday O
. O

They O
said O
461 O
mm O
( O
18 O
inches O
) O
of O
rain O
had O
drenched O
the O
Punjab B-LOC
provincial O
capital O
in O
36 O
hours O
, O
turning O
streets O
into O
rivers O
, O
knocking O
out O
power O
, O
water O
and O
telephone O
services O
, O
disrupting O
air O
and O
rail O
traffic O
, O
and O
sweeping O
away O
houses O
and O
cars O
. O

Newspapers O
quoted O
witnesses O
as O
saying O
they O
had O
seen O
bodies O
floating O
in O
the O
streets O
. O

Among O
the O
dead O
were O
five O
members O
of O
the O
religious O
Jamaat-i-Islami B-ORG
party O
who O
drowned O
while O
trying O
to O
remove O
books O
from O
a O
basement O
library O
. O

They O
said O
thousands O
of O
people O
had O
been O
made O
homeless O
after O
a O
breach O
opened O
in O
the O
city O
canal O
, O
inundating O
residential O
areas O
. O

Army O
troops O
were O
called O
in O
to O
evacuate O
residents O
of O
low-lying O
areas O
to O
higher O
ground O
. O

Officials O
said O
the O
Ravi B-LOC
and O
Chenab B-LOC
rivers O
, O
which O
both O
flow O
through O
Punjab B-LOC
, O
were O
in O
high O
flood O
and O
emergency O
services O
backed O
by O
troops O
were O
on O
full O
alert O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Internet B-ORG
Startup I-ORG
funded O
to O
develop O
Java B-MISC
software O
. O

MOUNTAIN B-LOC
VIEW I-LOC
, O
Calif. B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

A O
small O
team O
of O
engineers O
from O
Sun B-ORG
Microsystems I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
's O
JavaSoft B-ORG
unit O
said O
Sunday O
they O
have O
formed O
a O
new O
company O
, O
dubbed O
Internet B-ORG
Startup I-ORG
, O
to O
build O
Java B-MISC
infrastructure O
software O
. O

The O
fledgling O
company O
, O
established O
in O
a O
ground-floor O
office O
here O
over O
the O
last O
two O
weeks O
, O
has O
received O
venture O
financing O
from O
Bessemer B-ORG
Venture I-ORG
Partners I-ORG
of O
Menlo B-LOC
Park I-LOC
, O
Calif B-LOC
.. O

David B-PER
Cowan I-PER
, O
Internet B-ORG
Startup I-ORG
founder O
and O
acting O
chief O
executive O
, O
is O
a O
general O
partner O
of O
Bessemer B-ORG
. O

The O
startup O
company O
's O
acting O
chairman O
is O
Jim B-PER
Bidzos I-PER
, O
the O
president O
of O
RSA B-ORG
Data I-ORG
Security I-ORG
, O
a O
unit O
of O
Security B-ORG
Dynamics I-ORG
Technologies I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
as O
well O
as O
chairman O
of O
VeriSign B-ORG
. O

Internet B-ORG
Startup I-ORG
, O
which O
opened O
its O
doors O
with O
about O
half O
a O
dozen O
initial O
employees O
, O
combines O
experience O
at O
JavaSoft B-ORG
, O
Apple B-ORG
Computer I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
, O
and O
Oracle B-ORG
Systems I-ORG
. O

" O
Java B-MISC
portends O
dramatic O
changes O
in O
the O
way O
we O
use O
the O
Internet B-MISC
, O
" O
said O
Hong B-PER
Bui I-PER
, O
vice O
president O
of O
engineering O
of O
the O
new O
company O
after O
serving O
as O
a O
senior O
engineer O
at O
JavaSoft B-ORG
. O

Java B-MISC
is O
a O
computer O
programming O
language O
introduced O
by O
Sun B-ORG
Microsystems I-ORG
in O
mid-1995 O
which O
has O
immediately O
captured O
the O
attention O
of O
the O
industry O
for O
its O
ability O
to O
operate O
across O
virtually O
all O
computer O
system O
in O
a O
relatively O
secure O
manner O
. O

Just O
last O
week O
, O
Sun B-ORG
Microsystems I-ORG
and O
the O
Silicon B-LOC
Valley I-LOC
venture O
capital O
giant O
Kleiner B-ORG
Perkins I-ORG
Caufield I-ORG
& I-ORG
Byers I-ORG
said O
they O
had O
completed O
financing O
of O
a O
$ O
100 O
million O
fund O
managed O
by O
Kleiner B-ORG
Perkins I-ORG
to O
fund O
startups O
developing O
Java B-MISC
technologies O
. O

Java B-MISC
has O
been O
licensed O
by O
nearly O
50 O
organisations O
, O
ranging O
from O
Microsoft B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
and O
International B-ORG
Business I-ORG
Machines I-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
to O
the O
Taiwan B-LOC
government O
. O

Prasad B-PER
Wagle I-PER
, O
another O
former O
senior O
JavaSoft B-ORG
engineer O
who O
is O
among O
the O
founding O
engineers O
at O
Internet B-ORG
Startup I-ORG
, O
said O
the O
new O
company O
aims O
to O
build O
software O
infrastructure O
using O
Java B-MISC
to O
make O
networked O
applications O
ubiquitious O
. O

One O
feature O
of O
the O
Java B-MISC
language O
is O
that O
small O
software O
programmes O
, O
known O
as O
" O
applets O
" O
because O
they O
are O
small O
applications O
, O
can O
be O
downloaded O
from O
the O
server O
computers O
at O
the O
centre O
of O
networks O
onto O
individual O
computers O
for O
use O
. O

In O
this O
model O
, O
individual O
computer O
users O
can O
always O
gain O
access O
to O
the O
latest O
programmes O
and O
do O
not O
need O
to O
store O
more O
software O
than O
they O
are O
currently O
using O
on O
their O
computers O
at O
any O
one O
time O
, O
also O
saving O
costs O
of O
memory O
and O
storage O
. O

Chris B-PER
Zuleeg I-PER
, O
a O
veteran O
of O
Apple B-ORG
and O
a O
former O
JavaSoft B-ORG
marketing O
manager O
, O
is O
vice O
president O
of O
marketing O
at O
Internet B-ORG
Startup I-ORG
, O
whose O
Web O
site O
is O
www.internetstartup.com O
. O

Bessemer B-ORG
has O
funded O
numerous O
Internet B-MISC
pioneers O
, O
including O
PSI B-ORG
Net I-ORG
, O
VeriSign B-ORG
and O
Individual B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
MICKELSON B-PER
WINS O
FOURTH O
TITLE O
OF O
YEAR O
IN O
AKRON B-LOC
. O

AKRON B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Phil B-PER
Mickelson I-PER
birdied O
two O
of O
the O
last O
three O
holes O
to O
win O
World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
by O
three O
strokes O
over O
Billy B-PER
Mayfair I-PER
on O
Sunday O
. O

It O
was O
the O
fourth O
tournament O
title O
this O
year O
for O
Mickelson B-PER
, O
who O
shot O
an O
even-par O
70 O
, O
after O
being O
tied O
for O
the O
lead O
with O
Billy B-PER
Mayfair I-PER
with O
three O
holes O
to O
play O
. O

Along O
with O
Mayfiar B-PER
at O
277 O
for O
the O
tournament O
were O
Steve B-PER
Stricker I-PER
, O
who O
had O
a O
68 O
, O
and O
Duffy B-PER
Waldorf I-PER
, O
with O
a O
66 O
. O

" O
It O
was O
very O
hard O
to O
sleep O
last O
night O
because O
there O
was O
so O
much O
I O
could O
accomplish O
with O
this O
win O
, O
" O
said O
Mickelson B-PER
, O
who O
had O
a O
three-stroke O
lead O
entering O
the O
third O
round O
. O
" O

This O
was O
a O
win O
I O
wanted O
very O
, O
very O
much O
. O
" O

Mickelson B-PER
's O
victory O
gave O
him O
a O
10 O
year O
exemption O
to O
the O
PGA B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
. O

The O
$ O
378,000 O
first O
place O
check O
brings O
Mickelson B-PER
back O
to O
the O
top O
of O
the O
money O
list O
with O
$ O
1,574,799 O
won O
this O
year O
. O

" O
This O
is O
a O
major O
championship O
golf O
course O
, O
and O
for O
me O
to O
perform O
well O
on O
this O
style O
of O
course O
is O
a O
big O
step O
up O
for O
me O
in O
my O
career O
and O
my O
performance O
in O
future O
majors O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Mickelson B-PER
three-stroke O
lead O
was O
cut O
to O
two O
when O
Mayfair B-PER
birdied O
the O
course O
's O
only O
easy O
hole O
, O
the O
par O
five O
second O
hole O
, O
while O
Mickelson B-PER
three-putted O
for O
par O
from O
25 O
feet O
. O

On O
the O
back O
nine O
Mickelson B-PER
began O
driving O
erratically O
, O
and O
poor O
tee O
shots O
resulted O
in O
bogeys O
on O
the O
, O
eighth O
, O
12th O
and O
13th O
holes O
, O
bringing O
Mickelson B-PER
back O
to O
four O
under O
par O
, O
tied O
with O
Mayfair B-PER
, O
who O
had O
parred O
14 O
straight O
holes O
after O
the O
birdie O
on O
no.2 O
. O

Mickelson B-PER
then O
set O
up O
a O
tap O
in O
birdie O
on O
the O
16th O
, O
sending O
a O
wedge O
shot O
to O
18 O
inches O
. O

He O
had O
another O
birdie O
on O
the O
17th O
, O
where O
he O
his O
a O
6-iron O
to O
six O
feet O
. O

Mayfair B-PER
bogeyed O
the O
17th O
, O
missing O
a O
five O
foot O
par O
putt O
, O
and O
dropped O
from O
solo O
second O
place O
to O
a O
three O
way O
tie O
for O
second O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second O
successive O
year O
in O
which O
Mayfair B-PER
has O
finished O
runner O
up O
in O
this O
tournament O
. O

He O
lost O
to O
Greg B-PER
Norman I-PER
in O
sudden O
death O
last O
year O
. O

The O
defending O
champion O
was O
in O
contention O
, O
two O
behind O
Mickelson B-PER
for O
much O
of O
the O
day O
, O
until O
he O
bogeyed O
the O
13th O
and O
14th O
holes O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
SCORES O
AT O
THE O
WORLD B-MISC
SERIES I-MISC
OF I-MISC
GOLF I-MISC
. O

AKRON B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Scores O
after O
the O
final O

round O
of O
the O
$ O
2.1 O
million O
NEC B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
of I-MISC
Golf I-MISC
at O

Firestone B-LOC
C.C I-LOC
, O
7149 O
yards O
, O
par O
70 O
( O
players O
U.S. B-LOC
unless O
noted O
) O
: O

274 O
Phil B-PER
Mickelson I-PER
70 O
66 O
68 O
70 O

277 O
Duffy B-PER
Waldorf I-PER
70 O
70 O
71 O
66 O
, O
Steve B-PER
Stricker I-PER
68 O
72 O
69 O
68 O
, O

Billy B-PER
Mayfair I-PER
66 O
71 O
70 O
70 O

278 O
Greg B-PER
Norman I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
70 O
68 O
69 O
71 O

280 O
Alexander B-PER
Cejka I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
72 O
71 O
71 O
66 O
, O
Davis B-PER
Love I-PER
70 O
74 O

67 O
69 O

281 O
John B-PER
Cook I-PER
70 O
69 O
71 O
71 O

282 O
Corey B-PER
Pavin I-PER
73 O
70 O
70 O
69 O

283 O
Tom B-PER
Lehman I-PER
72 O
69 O
74 O
68 O
, O
Fred B-PER
Funk I-PER
72 O
70 O
73 O
68 O
, O
Mark B-PER

Brooks B-PER
69 O
69 O
74 O
71 O
, O
Nick B-PER
Faldo I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
70 O
71 O
68 O
74 O

284 O
D.A. B-PER
Weibring I-PER
73 O
69 O
74 O
68 O
, O
Tim B-PER
Herron I-PER
70 O
67 O
75 O
72 O
, O
Mark B-PER

O'Meara B-PER
73 O
71 O
69 O
71 O
, O
Jim B-PER
Furyk I-PER
75 O
69 O
67 O
73 O
, O
Justin B-PER
Leonard I-PER
69 O

70 O
71 O
74 O

285 O
Loren B-PER
Roberts I-PER
72 O
73 O
71 O
69 O
, O
Hal B-PER
Sutton I-PER
72 O
69 O
74 O
70 O
, O
Fred B-PER

Couples B-PER
73 O
68 O
72 O
72 O
, O
Craig B-PER
Stadler I-PER
73 O
72 O
67 O
73 O

286 O
Hidemichi B-PER
Tanaka I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
66 O
75 O
75 O
70 O
, O
Steve B-PER
Jones I-PER
70 O
69 O

76 O
71 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Goydos I-PER
66 O
75 O
74 O
71 O
, O
Ernie B-PER
Els I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
71 O
71 O

71 O
73 O

287 O
Costantino B-PER
Rocca I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
74 O
71 O
75 O
67 O
, O
Clarence B-PER
Rose I-PER
72 O
71 O

72 O
72 O
, O
Craig B-PER
Parry I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
73 O
75 O
67 O
72 O
, O
Willie B-PER
Wood I-PER
75 O
69 O

69 O
74 O

288 O
Shigeki B-PER
Maruyama I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
75 O
71 O
70 O
72 O
, O
Anders B-PER
Forsbrand I-PER
( O

Sweden B-LOC
) O
70 O
75 O
71 O
72 O

289 O
Scott B-PER
Hoch I-PER
71 O
68 O
77 O
73 O

290 O
Tom B-PER
Watson I-PER
79 O
70 O
68 O
73 O

292 O
Wayne B-PER
Westner I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
77 O
68 O
73 O
74 O
, O
Sven B-PER
Struver I-PER
( O

Germany B-LOC
) O
72 O
72 O
72 O
76 O

294 O
Satoshi B-PER
Higashi I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
75 O
72 O
74 O
73 O
, O
Scott B-PER
McCarron I-PER
76 O
70 O

74 O
74 O

295 O
Stewart B-PER
Ginn I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
73 O
72 O
77 O
73 O

298 O
Steve B-PER
Schneiter I-PER
77 O
74 O
76 O
71 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Stankowski I-PER
74 O
75 O
74 O
75 O
, O

Seiki B-PER
Okuda I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
81 O
70 O
72 O
75 O

301 O
Brad B-PER
Bryant I-PER
73 O
72 O
77 O
79 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
HAMLET B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

COMMACK B-LOC
, O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
at O
the O
Hamlet O

Cup B-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Sunday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O

seedings O
: O

Finals O
, O
singles O

5 O
- O
Andrei B-PER
Medvedev I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
beat O
Martin B-PER
Damm I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC

Republic B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
6-3 O

Finals O
, O
doubles O

Luke B-PER
Jensen I-PER
and O
Murphy B-PER
Jensen I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Alexander B-PER
Volkov I-PER

( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
and O
Handrik B-PER
Dreekmann I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
TOSHIBA B-MISC
CLASSIC I-MISC
. O

CARLSBAD B-LOC
, O
California B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
from O
the O

$ O
450,000 O
Toshiba B-MISC
Classic I-MISC
tennis O
tournament O
on O
Sunday O
( O
prefix O

number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Finals O
: O

4 O
- O
Kimiko B-PER
Date I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
1 O
- O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O

3-6 O
6-3 O
6-0 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RALLYING O
- O
LEADING O
POSITIONS O
IN O
1,000 B-MISC
LAKES I-MISC
RALLY I-MISC
. O

JYVASKLYA B-LOC
, O
Finland B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
positions O
on O

Sunday O
after O
23 O
special O
stages O
in O
the O
1,000 B-MISC
Lakes I-MISC
Rally I-MISC
, O
sixth O

round O
of O
the O
world O
championship O
: O

1. O
Tommi B-PER
Makinen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Mitsubishi B-MISC
Lancer I-MISC
three O
hours O

eight O
minutes O
one O
second O

2. O
Juha B-PER
Kankkunen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
12 O
seconds O

behind O

3. O
Marcus B-PER
Gronholm I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
2:09 O

4. O
Jarmo B-PER
Kytolehto I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Ford B-MISC
Escort I-MISC
2:23 O

5. O
Kenneth B-PER
Eriksson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
Subaru B-MISC
Impreza I-MISC
2:39 O

6. O
Carlos B-PER
Sainz I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
Ford B-MISC
Escort I-MISC
3:03 O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTOCROSS O
- O
SWEDISH B-MISC
500CC O
GRAND B-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

LANDSKRONA B-LOC
, O
Sweden B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
results O
in O
the O

Swedish B-MISC
500cc O
motocross O
Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
on O
Sunday O
: O

First O
race O

1. O
Joel B-PER
Smets I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Husaberg B-ORG

2. O
Peter B-PER
Johansson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
Husqvarna B-ORG

3. O
Gert B-PER
Jan I-PER
Van I-PER
Doorn I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG

4. O
Jacky B-PER
Martens I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Husqvarna B-ORG

5. O
Peter B-PER
Dirkx I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
KTM B-ORG

6. O
Danny B-PER
Theybers I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG

Second O
race O

1. O
Shayne B-PER
King I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
KTM B-ORG

2. O
Martens B-PER

3. O
Theybers B-PER

4. O
Johan B-PER
Boonen I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Husqvarna B-ORG

5. O
Dietmar B-PER
Lalcher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG

6. O
Claus B-PER
Manne I-PER
Nielsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
KTM B-ORG

Overall O
on O
day O
: O

1. O
Martens B-PER
30 O
points O

2. O
Shayne B-PER
King I-PER
28 O

3. O
Smets B-PER
27 O

4. O
Theybers B-PER
25 O

5. O
Van B-PER
Doorn I-PER
24 O

6. O
Johansson B-PER
17 O

World O
championship O
standings O
( O
after O
11 O
of O
12 O
rounds O
) O
: O

1. O
Shayne B-PER
King I-PER
323 O
points O

2. O
Smets B-PER
290 O

3. O
Johansson B-PER
236 O

4. O
Lacher B-PER
219 O

5. O
Darryll B-PER
King I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
178 O

6. O
Van B-PER
Doorn I-PER
176 O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTOCROSS O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
125CC O
GRAND B-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

HOLZGERLINGEN B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
results O
in O

the O
German B-MISC
125cc O
motocross O
Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
on O
Sunday O
: O

First O
race O

1. O
Sebastien B-PER
Tortelli I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG

2. O
Bob B-PER
Moore I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG

3. O
Luigi B-PER
Seguy I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
TM B-ORG

4. O
Andi B-PER
Kanstinger I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG

5. O
Nicolas B-PER
Charlier I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG

6. O
Erik B-PER
Camerlengo I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG

Second O
race O

1. O
Tortelli B-PER

2. O
Moore B-PER

3. O
Alex B-PER
Belometti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG

4. O
Frederic B-PER
Vialle I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG

5. O
Collin B-PER
Dugmore I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG

6. O
Camerlengo B-PER

Overall O
on O
day O
: O

1. O
Tortelli B-PER
40 O
points O

2. O
Moore B-PER
34 O

3. O
Seguy B-PER
24 O

4. O
Vialle B-PER
22 O

5. O
Camerlengo B-PER
20 O

6. O
Belometti B-PER
19 O

Final O
world O
championship O
standings O
: O

1. O
Tortelli B-PER
432 O
points O

2. O
Paul B-PER
Malin I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG
317 O

3. O
Vialle B-PER
293 O

4. O
Seguy B-PER
192 O

5. O
Michele B-PER
Fanton I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG
160 O

6. O
Dugmore B-PER
152 O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTOR O
RACING O
- O
LEADING O
PLACINGS O
IN O
POKKA B-MISC
1,000 O
KM O
RACE O
. O

SUZUKA B-LOC
, O
Japan B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
placings O
in O

Sunday O
's O
Pokka B-MISC
1,000 O
km O
motor O
race O
, O
seventh O
round O
of O
the O

International B-MISC
Endurance I-MISC
GT I-MISC
championship I-MISC
: O

1. O
Ray B-PER
Belim I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
/ O
James B-PER
Weaver I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
/ O
J.J.Lehto O

( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Gulf B-MISC
McLaren I-MISC
FI I-MISC
GTR I-MISC
171 O
laps O
- O
6 O
hours O
18 O
minutes O

48.637 O
seconds O
( O
average O
speed O
158.82 O
kph O
) O

2. O
Anders B-PER
Olofsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
/ O
Luciano B-PER
della I-PER
Noce I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Ennea B-MISC

Ferrari B-MISC
F40 I-MISC
170 O
laps O

3. O
Andy B-PER
Ballace I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
/ O
Olivier B-PER
Grouillard I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Harrods B-MISC

McLaren B-MISC
FI I-MISC
GTR I-MISC
169 O

4. O
Thomas B-PER
Bscher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
/ O
Peter B-PER
Kox I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
West B-MISC
McLaren I-MISC

F1 B-MISC
GTR I-MISC
168 O

5. O
Fabien B-PER
Giroix I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
/ O
Jean-Denis B-PER
Deletraz I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O

Muller B-MISC
McLaren I-MISC
F1 I-MISC
GTR I-MISC
167 O

6. O
Lindsay B-PER
Owen-Jones I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
/ O
Pierre-Henri B-PER
Raphanel I-PER

( O
France B-LOC
) O
/ O
David B-PER
Brabham I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
Gulf B-MISC
McLaren I-MISC
F I-MISC
! I-MISC

GTR B-MISC

167 O

7. O
Jean-Marc B-PER
Gounon I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
/ O
Eric B-PER
Bernard I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
/ O
Paul B-PER

Belmondo B-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Ennea B-MISC
Ferrari I-MISC
F40 I-MISC
167 O

8. O
Bruno B-PER
Eichmann I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
/ O
Gerd B-PER
Ruch I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
/ O
Ralf B-PER
Kelleners I-PER

( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
GT2 B-MISC
Roock I-MISC
Porsche I-MISC
911 I-MISC
164 O

9. O
Stephane B-PER
Ortelli I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
/ O
Bob B-PER
Wollek I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
/ O
Franz B-PER
Konrad I-PER

( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
GT2 B-MISC
Konrad I-MISC
Porsche I-MISC
911 I-MISC
164 O

10. O
Cor B-PER
Euser I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
/ O
H. B-PER
Wada I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
/ O
N. B-PER
Furuya I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
GT2 B-MISC

Marcos B-MISC
LM600 I-MISC
162 I-MISC

Fastest O
lap O
: O
Gounon B-PER
, O
2 O
minutes O
03.684 O
seconds O
( O
170.680 O
kph O
) O

Championship O
standings O
after O
seven O
rounds O
: O

1. O
Belim B-PER
, O
Weaver B-PER
156 O
points O

2. O
Eichmann B-PER
, O
Ruch B-PER
116 O

3. O
Bscher B-PER
112 O

4. O
Gounon B-PER
, O
Bernard B-PER
, O
Belmondo B-PER
98 O

5. O
Olofsson B-PER
, O
della B-PER
Noce I-PER
93 O

6. O
Owen-Jones B-PER
, O
Raphanel B-PER
82 O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
LEADING O
RESULTS O
AT O
SHEFFIELD B-LOC
INTERNATIONAL O
MEETING O
. O

SHEFFIELD B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
results O
at O
an O

international O
meeting O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Women O
's O
triple O
jump O

1. O
Sarka B-PER
Kasparkova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
14.84 O
metres O

2. O
Ashia B-PER
Hansen I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
14.78 O

3. O
Rodica B-PER
Matescu I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
14.18 O

Women O
's O
400 O
metres O
hurdles O

1. O
Deon B-PER
Hemmings I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
55.13 O
seconds O

2. O
Anne B-PER
Marken I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
55.90 O

3. O
Susan B-PER
Smith I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
56.00 O

Women O
's O
javelin O

1. O
Isel B-PER
Lopez I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
61.36 O

2. O
Louise B-PER
McPaul I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
60.66 O

3. O
Silke B-PER
Renk I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
60.66 O

Women O
's O
200 O
metres O

1. O
Cathy B-PER
Freeman I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
22.53 O

2. O
Falilat B-PER
Ogunkoya I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
22.58 O

3. O
Juliet B-PER
Cuthbert I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
22.77 O

100 O
metres O
hurdles O

1. O
Dionne B-PER
Rose I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
12.83 O

2. O
Michelle B-PER
Freeman I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
12.91 O

3. O
Gillian B-PER
Russell I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
12.95 O

Women O
's O
800 O
metres O

1. O
Charmaine B-PER
Crooks I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
two O
minutes O
00.42 O
seconds O

2. O
Inez B-PER
Turner I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
2:01.98 O

3. O
Margaret B-PER
Crowley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
2:02.40 O

Men O
's O
pole O
vault O

1. O
Trond B-PER
Bathel I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
5.60 O

2. O
Pat B-PER
Manson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
5.60 O

3. O
Tim B-PER
Lobinger I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
5.50 O

Men O
's O
javelin O

1. O
Tom B-PER
Pukstys I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
86.82 O

2. O
Steve B-PER
Backley I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
82.20 O

3. O
Nick B-PER
Nieland I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
81.12 O

Women O
's O
400 O
metres O

1. O
Marcel B-PER
Malone I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
51.50 O

2. O
Kim B-PER
Graham I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
52.17 O

3. O
Phylis B-PER
Smith I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
52.53 O

Men O
's O
200 O
metres O

1. O
Jeff B-PER
Williams I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
20.45 O

2. O
Doug B-PER
Turner I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
20.48 O

3. O
John B-PER
Regis I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
20.63 O

Men O
's O
high O
jump O

1. O
Charles B-PER
Austin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
2.30 O

2. O
Tim B-PER
Forsyth I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
2.30 O

3. O
Patrik B-PER
Sjoberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
2.25 O

Men O
's O
800 O
metres O

1. O
Verbjorn B-PER
Rodal I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1:44.93 O

2. O
Benson B-PER
Koech I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
1:45.96 O

3. O
Vincent B-PER
Malakwen I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
1:46.18 O

Men O
's O
mile O

1. O
William B-PER
Tanui I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
3:54.57 O

2. O
John B-PER
Mayock I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
3:54.60 O

3. O
Tony B-PER
Whiteman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
3:54.87 O

Men O
's O
400 O
metres O

1. O
Roger B-PER
Black I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
45.05 O

2. O
Mark B-PER
Richardson I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
45.38 O

3. O
Derek B-PER
Mills I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
45.48 O

Men O
's O
100 O
metres O

1. O
Osmond B-PER
Ezinwa I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
10.06 O

2. O
Ian B-PER
Mackie I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
10.17 O

3. O
Linford B-PER
Christie I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
10.19 O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTOR O
RACING O
- O
BELGIAN B-MISC
GRAND I-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
RESULT O
. O

SPA-FRANCORCHAMPS B-LOC
, O
Belgium B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Result O
of O

Sunday O
's O
Belgian B-MISC
Grand I-MISC
Prix I-MISC
motor O
race O
: O

1. O
Michael B-PER
Schumacher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Ferrari B-ORG
1 O
hour O
28 O
minutes O

15.125 O
seconds O
( O
average O
speed O
208.442 O
kph O
) O

2. O
Jacques B-PER
Villeneuve I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
Williams B-ORG
5.602 O
seconds O

behind O

3. O
Mika B-PER
Hakkinen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
McLaren B-ORG
15.710 O

4. O
Jean B-PER
Alesi I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Benetton B-ORG
19.125 O

5. O
Damon B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Williams B-PER
29.179 O

6. O
Gerhard B-PER
Berger I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
Benetton B-ORG
29.896 O

7. O
Mika B-PER
Salo I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Tyrrell B-ORG
1:00.754 O

8. O
Ukyo B-PER
Katayama I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Tyrrell B-ORG
1:40.227 O

9. O
Ricardo B-PER
Rosset I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
Arrows B-ORG
one O
lap O

10. O
Pedro B-PER
Lamy I-PER
( O
Portugal B-LOC
) O
Minardi B-ORG
one O
lap O

Did O
not O
finish O
: O

11. O
David B-PER
Coulthard I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
McLaren B-ORG
37 O
laps O
completed O

12. O
Martin B-PER
Brundle I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Jordan B-ORG
34 O

13. O
Eddie B-PER
Irvine I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Ferrari B-ORG
29 O

14. O
Rubens B-PER
Barrichello I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
Jordan B-ORG
29 O

15. O
Pedro B-PER
Diniz I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
Ligier B-ORG
22 O

16. O
Jos B-PER
Verstappen I-PER
( O
Netherland B-LOC
) O
Arrows B-ORG
11 O

Did O
not O
start O
( O
failed O
to O
complete O
one O
lap O
) O
: O

Olivier B-PER
Panis I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Ligier B-ORG

Johnny B-PER
Herbert I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Sauber B-ORG

Heinz-Harald B-PER
Frentzen I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Sauber B-ORG

Fastest O
lap O
: O
Berger B-PER
1:53.067 O
( O
221.857 O
kph O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTOR O
RACING O
- O
SCHUMACHER B-PER
WINS O
BELGIAN B-MISC
GRAND I-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
. O

SPA-FRANCOCHAMPS B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Michael B-PER
Schumacher I-PER
of O

Germany B-LOC
, O
driving O
a O
Ferrari B-ORG
, O
won O
the O
Belgian B-MISC
Grand I-MISC
Prix I-MISC
motor O

race O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Canada B-LOC
's O
Jacques B-PER
Villeneuve I-PER
finished O
second O
in O
his O
Williams B-ORG

and O
Mika B-PER
Hakkinen I-PER
of O
Finland B-LOC
was O
third O
in O
a O
McLaren B-ORG
. O

Frenchman B-MISC
Jean B-PER
Alesi I-PER
came O
fourth O
in O
his O
Benetton B-ORG
with O

Britain B-LOC
's O
Damon B-PER
Hill I-PER
fifth O
in O
a O
Williams B-ORG
and O
Gerhard B-PER
Berger I-PER
of O

Austria B-LOC
sixth O
in O
the O
other O
Benetton B-ORG
. O

World O
drivers O
' O
championship O
standings O
( O
after O
13 O
rounds O
) O
: O

1. O
Damon B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
81 O
points O

2. O
Jacques B-PER
Villeneuve I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
68 O

3. O
Michael B-PER
Schumacher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
39 O

4. O
Jean B-PER
Alesi I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
38 O

5. O
Mika B-PER
Hakkinen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
23 O

6. O
David B-PER
Coulthard I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
18 O

7. O
Gerhard B-PER
Berger I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
17 O

8. O
Olivier B-PER
Panis I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
13 O

9. O
Rubens B-PER
Barrichello I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
12 O

10. O
Eddie B-PER
Irvine I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
9 O

11. O
Heinz-Harald B-PER
Frentzen I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6 O

12. O
Mika B-PER
Salo I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
5 O

13. O
Johnny B-PER
Herbert I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
4 O

14. O
Martin B-PER
Brundle I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
3 O

15 O
equal O
. O

Jos B-PER
Verstappen I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
1 O

15 O
equal O
. O

Pedro B-PER
Diniz I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
1 O

Constructors O
' O
championship O
: O

1. O
Williams B-ORG
149 O
points O

2. O
Benetton B-ORG
55 O

3. O
Ferrari B-ORG
48 O

4. O
McLaren B-ORG
41 O

5. O
Jordan B-ORG
15 O

6. O
Ligier B-ORG
14 O

7. O
Sauber B-ORG
10 O

8. O
Tyrrell B-ORG
5 O

9. O
Footwork O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

RALLYING O
- O
LEADING O
POSITIONS O
IN O
1,000 B-MISC
LAKES I-MISC
RALLY I-MISC
. O

JYVASKYLA B-LOC
, O
Finland B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
positions O

after O
six O
of O
Sunday O
's O
12 O
special O
stages O
in O
the O
1,000 B-MISC
Lakes I-MISC

Rally B-MISC
, O
sixth O
round O
of O
the O
world O
championship O
: O

1. O
Juha B-PER
Kankkunen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
2 O
hours O
30 O
minutes O

52 O
seconds O

3. O
Tommi B-PER
Makinen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Mitsubishi B-MISC
Lancer I-MISC
8 O
seconds O

behind O

2. O
Marcus B-PER
Gronholm I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
1:46 O

4. O
Jarmo B-PER
Kytolehto I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Ford B-MISC
Escort I-MISC
1:56 O

5. O
Kenneth B-PER
Eriksson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
Subaru B-MISC
Impreza I-MISC
2:05 O

6. O
Thomas B-PER
Radstrom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
2:23 O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTORCYCLING O
- O
WORLD O
SUPERBIKE O
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
. O

SUGO B-LOC
, O
Japan B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
results O
from O
round O

nine O
of O
the O
superbike O
world O
championship O
on O
Sunday O
: O

First O
race O

1. O
Yuuchi B-PER
Takeda I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
38 O
minutes O
30.054 O
seconds O

2. O
Noriyuki B-PER
Haga I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG
38:30.140 O

3. O
Wataru B-PER
Yoshikawa I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG
38:32.353 O

4. O
Troy B-PER
Corser I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
Ducati B-ORG
38:34.436 O

5. O
John B-PER
Kocinski I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Ducati B-ORG
38:36.306 O

6. O
Aaron B-PER
Slight I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
38:41.756 O

7. O
Norihiko B-PER
Fujiwara I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG
38:43.253 O

8. O
Carl B-PER
Fogarty I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
38:49.595 O

9. O
Akira B-PER
Ryo I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG
38:50.269 O

10. O
Shiya B-PER
Takeishi I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG
38:52.271 O

Fastest O
lap O
: O
Haga B-PER
147.159 O
kph O
. O

Second O
race O

1. O
Takuma B-PER
Aoki I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
38:18.759 O

2. O
Kocinski B-PER
38:19.313 O

3. O
Haga B-PER
38:32.040 O

4. O
Slight B-PER
38:32.149 O

5. O
Fogarty B-PER
38:32.719 O

6. O
Fujiwara B-PER
38:33.595 O

7. O
Ryo B-PER
38:34.682 O

8. O
Takeishi B-PER
38:34.999 O

9. O
Yoshikawa B-PER
38:35.297 O

10. O
Corser B-PER
38:42.015 O

Fastest O
lap O
: O
Aoki B-PER
147.786 O
kph O

World O
championship O
standings O
( O
after O
nine O
rounds O
) O
: O

1. O
Slight B-PER
280 O
points O

2. O
Corser B-PER
269 O

3. O
Kocinski B-PER
254 O

4. O
Fogarty B-PER
236 O

5. O
Colin B-PER
Edwards I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG
176 O

6. O
Pier B-PER
Francesco I-PER
Chili I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Ducati B-ORG
175 O

7. O
Simon B-PER
Crafar I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG
132 O

8. O
Anthony B-PER
Gobert I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG
117 O

9. O
Yoshikawa B-PER
107 O

10. O
Neil B-PER
Hodgson I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Ducati B-ORG
82 O

Revised O
placings O
for O
second O
race O
after O
the O
disqualification O

of O
Japanese B-MISC
rider O
Noriyuki B-PER
Haga I-PER
for O
using O
an O
illegal O
carburettor O

part O
: O

1. O
Takuma B-PER
Aoki I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
38:18.759 O

2. O
Kocinski B-PER
38:19.313 O

3. O
Slight B-PER
38:32.149 O

4. O
Fogarty B-PER
38:32.719 O

5. O
Fujiwara B-PER
38:33.595 O

6. O
Ryo B-PER
38:34.682 O

7. O
Takeishi B-PER
38:34.999 O

8. O
Yoshikawa B-PER
38:35.297 O

9. O
Corser B-PER
38:42.015 O

10. O
Keiichi B-PER
Kitigawa I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Suzuki B-ORG
38:42.333 O

Fastest O
lap O
: O
Aoki B-PER
147.786 O
kph O

Revised O
world O
championship O
standings O
( O
after O
nine O
rounds O
) O
: O

1. O
Slight B-PER
283 O
points O

2. O
Corser B-PER
270 O

3. O
Kocinski B-PER
254 O

4. O
Fogarty B-PER
238 O

5. O
Colin B-PER
Edwards I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG
176 O

6. O
Pier B-PER
Francesco I-PER
Chili I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Ducati B-ORG
175 O

7. O
Simon B-PER
Crafar I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG
133 O

8. O
Anthony B-PER
Gobert I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
Kawasaki B-ORG
117 O

9. O
Yoshikawa B-PER
108 O

10. O
Neil B-PER
Hodgson I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
Ducati B-ORG
82 O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTORCYCLING O
- O
JAPANESE B-MISC
WIN O
BOTH O
ROUND O
NINE B-PER
SUPERBIKE O
RACES O
. O

SUGO B-LOC
, O
Japan B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Teenager O
Yuuichi B-PER
Takeda I-PER
, O
racing O
in O
only O
his O
first O
season O
, O
outclassed O
the O
big O
names O
to O
win O
the O
first O
race O
in O
round O
nine O
of O
the O
world O
superbike O
championship O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Takeda B-PER
, O
18 O
, O
showed O
poise O
far O
beyond O
his O
years O
to O
overtake O
Australian B-MISC
Ducati B-ORG
rider O
Troy B-PER
Corser I-PER
, O
last O
year O
's O
championship O
runner-up O
, O
with O
four O
of O
the O
25 O
laps O
left O
. O

Honda B-ORG
's O
Takeda B-PER
was O
pursued O
past O
Corser B-PER
by O
the O
Yamaha B-ORG
duo O
of O
Noriyuki B-PER
Haga I-PER
and O
Wataru B-PER
Yoshikawa I-PER
with O
Haga B-PER
briefly O
taking O
the O
lead O
in O
the O
final O
chicane O
on O
the O
last O
lap O
. O

But O
Takeda B-PER
found O
one O
more O
spurt O
of O
power O
to O
just O
take O
the O
flag O
first O
with O
Haga B-PER
second O
and O
Yoshikawa B-PER
third O
. O

Haga B-PER
had O
the O
consolation O
of O
recording O
the O
fastest O
lap O
at O
147.159 O
kph O
. O

Corser B-PER
, O
who O
crashed O
during O
practice O
on O
Friday O
, O
limped O
in O
fourth O
, O
four O
seconds O
behind O
Takeda B-PER
with O
championship O
leader O
Aaron B-PER
Slight I-PER
of O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
11 O
seconds O
behind O
the O
winner O
. O

In O
the O
second O
race O
, O
Takeda B-PER
again O
challenged O
strongly O
until O
the O
fifth O
lap O
from O
the O
end O
when O
he O
crashed O
while O
running O
second O
to O
eventual O
race O
winner O
Takuma B-PER
Aoki I-PER
. O

Aoki B-PER
, O
the O
elder O
brother O
of O
reigning O
125cc O
world O
champion O
Haruchika B-PER
, O
had O
a O
race-long O
duel O
with O
John B-PER
Kocinski I-PER
of O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
on O
a O
Ducati B-ORG
before O
taking O
the O
chequered O
flag O
. O

Kocinski B-PER
led O
for O
the O
early O
laps O
before O
he O
was O
passed O
first O
by O
Aoki B-PER
, O
who O
recorded O
the O
fastest O
lap O
of O
147.786 O
kph O
, O
and O
then O
by O
Takeda B-PER
. O

With O
Takeda B-PER
out O
of O
the O
race O
, O
Kocinski B-PER
regained O
second O
place O
but O
he O
could O
not O
overtake O
Aoki B-PER
. O

Haga B-PER
again O
was O
the O
unlucky O
rider O
finishing O
third O
ahead O
of O
Slight B-PER
with O
Corser B-PER
in O
10th O
place O
. O

But O
the O
strong O
showing O
by O
the O
Japanese B-MISC
riders O
did O
not O
alter O
the O
championship O
table O
with O
Slight B-PER
still O
leading O
on O
280 O
points O
, O
followed O
by O
Corser B-PER
with O
269 O
and O
Kocinski B-PER
with O
254 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
- O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
SUPER I-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
European B-MISC
Super I-MISC
League I-MISC

rugby O
league O
matches O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Halifax B-ORG
64 O
Leeds B-ORG
24 O

London B-ORG
56 O
Castleford B-ORG
0 O

Standings O
: O

Wigan B-ORG
22 O
19 O
1 O
2 O
902 O
326 O
39 O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
21 O
19 O
0 O
2 O
884 O
441 O
38 O

Bradford B-ORG
22 O
17 O
0 O
5 O
767 O
409 O
34 O

London B-ORG
22 O
12 O
1 O
9 O
611 O
462 O
25 O

Warrington B-ORG
21 O
12 O
0 O
9 O
555 O
499 O
24 O

Halifax B-ORG
22 O
10 O
1 O
11 O
667 O
576 O
21 O

Sheffield B-ORG
22 O
10 O
0 O
12 O
599 O
730 O
20 O

Oldham B-ORG
22 O
9 O
1 O
12 O
473 O
681 O
19 O

Castleford B-ORG
22 O
9 O
0 O
13 O
548 O
599 O
18 O

Leeds B-ORG
22 O
6 O
0 O
16 O
555 O
745 O
12 O

Paris B-ORG
22 O
3 O
1 O
18 O
398 O
795 O
7 O

Workington B-ORG
22 O
2 O
1 O
19 O
325 O
1021 O
5 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
POLLOCK B-PER
CONCLUDES O
WARWICKSHIRE B-ORG
CAREER O
WITH O
FLOURISH O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

South B-MISC
African I-MISC
fast O
bowler O
Shaun B-PER
Pollock I-PER
concluded O
his O
Warwickshire B-ORG
career O
with O
a O
flourish O
on O
Sunday O
by O
taking O
the O
final O
three O
wickets O
during O
the O
county O
's O
Sunday O
league O
victory O
over O
Worcestershire B-ORG
. O

Pollock B-PER
, O
who O
returns O
home O
on O
Tuesday O
for O
an O
ankle O
operation O
, O
took O
the O
last O
three O
wickets O
in O
nine O
balls O
as O
Worcestershire B-ORG
were O
dismissed O
for O
154 O
. O

After O
an O
hour O
's O
interruption O
for O
rain O
, O
Warwickshire B-ORG
then O
reached O
an O
adjusted O
target O
of O
109 O
with O
13 O
balls O
to O
spare O
and O
record O
their O
fifth O
win O
in O
the O
last O
six O
games O
. O

Warwickshire B-ORG
are O
currently O
in O
fourth O
position O
behind O
Yorkshire B-ORG
, O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
and O
Surrey B-ORG
. O

Yorkshire B-ORG
captain O
David B-PER
Byas I-PER
completed O
his O
third O
Sunday O
league O
century O
as O
his O
side O
swept O
clear O
at O
the O
top O
of O
the O
table O
, O
reaching O
a O
career O
best O
111 O
not O
out O
against O
Lancashire B-ORG
. O

Lancashire B-ORG
's O
total O
of O
205 O
for O
eight O
from O
40 O
overs O
looked O
reasonable O
before O
Byas B-PER
put O
their O
attack O
to O
the O
sword O
, O
collecting O
his O
runs O
from O
just O
100 O
balls O
with O
three O
sixes O
and O
nine O
fours O
. O

Yorkshire B-ORG
eventually O
reached O
their O
target O
with O
only O
four O
wickets O
down O
and O
7.5 O
overs O
to O
spare O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
HINCHCLIFFE B-PER
CALLED O
INTO O
ENGLAND B-LOC
SQUAD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

England B-LOC
manager O
Glenn B-PER
Hoddle I-PER
called O
up O
uncapped O
Everton B-ORG
defender O
Andy B-PER
Hinchcliffe I-PER
on O
Sunday O
to O
the O
national O
squad O
for O
the O
opening O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
against O
Moldova B-LOC
next O
weekend O
. O

Left-back O
Hinchcliffe B-PER
, O
27 O
, O
replaces O
Tottenham B-ORG
's O
Darren B-PER
Anderton I-PER
who O
has O
a O
recurring O
groin O
problem O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
326 O
AND O
74-0 O
; O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
521-8 O
DECLARED O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

England B-LOC
were O
74 O
for O
no O
wicket O
in O

their O
second O
innings O
at O
the O
close O
of O
the O
fourth O
day O
of O
the O
third O

and O
final O
test O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Sunday O
. O

Scores O
: O
England B-LOC
326 O
and O
74-0 O
; O
Pakistan B-LOC
521-8 O
declared O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
PREMIER O
LEAGUE O
SUMMARY O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Summary O
of O
an O
English B-MISC
premier O

league O
soccer O
match O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
2 O
( O
Cruyff B-PER
39th O
minute O
, O
Solskjaer B-PER
70th O
) O

Blackburn B-ORG
2 O
( O
Warhurst B-PER
34th O
, O
Bohinen B-PER
51st O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-1 O
. O

Attendance O
54,178 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
league O
soccer O

matches O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Premier O
league O

Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
2 O
Blackburn B-ORG
2 O

Standings O
( O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
6 O
2 O
9 O

Chelsea B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
7 O

Arsenal B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
6 O

Aston B-ORG
Villa I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
6 O

Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
7 O
4 O
5 O

Sunderland B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
5 O

Liverpool B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
5 O

Everton B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
5 O

Tottenham B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
5 O

Nottingham B-ORG
Forest I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
5 O
4 O

West B-ORG
Ham I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
4 O

Leicester B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
4 O

Newcastle B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
4 O
3 O

Middlesbrough B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
2 O

Derby B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
6 O
2 O

Leeds B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
5 O
1 O

Southampton B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O
1 O

Blackburn B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
1 O

Coventry B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
6 O
1 O

Wimbledon B-ORG
2 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
5 O
0 O

Division O
one O

Barnsley B-ORG
3 O
Huddersfield B-ORG
1 O

Standings O
: O

Bolton B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
7 O

Barnsley B-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
6 O

Wolverhampton B-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
6 O

Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
6 O

Stoke B-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
6 O

Birmingham B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
4 O
4 O

Tranmere B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
4 O

Oxford B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
6 O
2 O
3 O

Ipswich B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
5 O
3 O
3 O

Bradford B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
3 O

Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
3 O

Huddersfield B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

Norwich B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

Reading B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
3 O
3 O

Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
2 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
2 O

Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
1 O

West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
1 O

Charlton B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Swindon B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Southend B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
1 O

Grimsby B-ORG
2 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
6 O
0 O

Oldham B-ORG
2 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
0 O

Portsmouth B-ORG
2 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
FINAL O
TEST O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Scoreboard O
on O
the O
fourth O
day O
of O

the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
between O
England B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
The O

Oval B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
: O

England B-LOC
first O
innings O
326 O
( O
J. B-PER
Crawley I-PER
106 O
, O
G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
54 O
; O
Waqar B-PER

Younis B-PER
4-95 O
) O

Pakistan B-LOC
first O
innings O
( O
overnight O
339-4 O
) O

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
c O
Croft B-PER
b O
Cork B-PER
176 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
c O
Cork B-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
46 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
c O
Stewart B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
61 O

Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
c O
Hussain B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
35 O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
not O
out O
100 O

Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
run O
out O
13 O

Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
st O
Stewart B-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
40 O

Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Salisbury B-PER
23 O

Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
c O
Crawley B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
2 O

Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
not O
out O
0 O

Extras O
( O
b-4 O
lb-5 O
nb-16 O
) O
25 O

Total O
( O
for O
eight O
wickets O
, O
declared O
) O
521 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-106 O
2-239 O
3-334 O
4-334 O
5-365 O
6-440 O
7-502 O

8-519 O

Did O
not O
bat O
: O
Mohammad B-PER
Akam I-PER

Bowling O
: O
Lewis B-PER
23-3-112-0 O
, O
Mullally B-PER
37.1-7-97-3 O
, O
Croft B-PER

47-10-116-2 O
, O
Cork B-PER
23-5-71-1 O
, O
Salisbury B-PER
29-3-116-1 O

England B-LOC
second O
innings O

M. B-PER
Atherton I-PER
not O
out O
26 O

A. B-PER
Stewart I-PER
not O
out O
40 O

Extras O
( O
nb-8 O
) O
8 O

Total O
( O
for O
no O
wicket O
) O
74 O

Bowling O
( O
to O
date O
) O
: O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
7-0-35-0 O
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER

7-1-24-0 O
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
7-2-11-0 O
, O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
2-1-4-0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
DECLARE O
FIRST O
INNINGS O
AT O
521-8 O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Pakistan B-LOC
declared O
their O
first O

innings O
at O
521-8 O
on O
the O
fourth O
day O
of O
the O
third O
and O
final O
test O

against O
England B-LOC
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Sunday O
. O

Scores O
: O
England B-LOC
326 O
; O
Pakistan B-LOC
521-8 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
PREMIER O
DIVISION O
RESULT O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

GLASGOW B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Result O
of O
a O
Scottish B-MISC
premier O

division O
soccer O
match O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Aberdeen B-ORG
4 O
Hearts B-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Rangers B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
7 O
2 O
9 O

Celtic B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
9 O
4 O
7 O

Aberdeen B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
8 O
4 O
5 O

Motherwell B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
6 O
3 O
5 O

Hibernian B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O

Hearts B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
6 O
3 O

Kilmarnock B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
7 O
3 O

Dundee B-ORG
United I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Dunfermline B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
1 O

Raith B-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
8 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
473-6 O
AT O
TEA O
ON O
FOURTH O
DAY O
THIRD O
TEST O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Pakistan B-LOC
were O
473-6 O
at O
tea O
on O
the O
fourth O
day O
of O
the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Sunday O
in O
reply O
to O
England B-LOC
's O
326 O
. O

Scores O
: O
England B-LOC
326 O
; O
Pakistan B-LOC
473-6 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
RUN-OUT O
GIVES O
LEWIS B-PER
AND O
ENGLAND B-LOC
SLIM O
SATISFACTION O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Chris B-PER
Lewis I-PER
did O
his O
best O
to O
forget O
his O
controversial O
omission O
from O
the O
England B-LOC
one-day O
squad O
on O
Sunday O
but O
could O
not O
prevent O
Pakistan B-LOC
reasserting O
their O
dominance O
in O
the O
final O
test O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
. O

A O
super O
piece O
of O
fielding O
by O
Lewis B-PER
, O
dropped O
as O
a O
disciplinary O
measure O
after O
arriving O
only O
35 O
minutes O
before O
the O
start O
on O
the O
fourth O
morning O
, O
provided O
the O
only O
bright O
spot O
for O
England B-LOC
as O
the O
touring O
team O
batted O
on O
to O
reach O
413 O
for O
five O
at O
the O
interval O
, O
a O
lead O
of O
87 O
. O

The O
solitary O
wicket O
to O
fall O
was O
Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
, O
run O
out O
for O
13 O
attempting O
a O
second O
run O
to O
third O
man O
where O
Lewis B-PER
was O
lurking O
with O
a O
point O
to O
prove O
. O

There O
seemed O
scant O
danger O
until O
the O
Surrey B-ORG
player O
swooped O
on O
to O
the O
ball O
and O
returned O
off O
balance O
to O
county O
team O
mate O
Alec B-PER
Stewart I-PER
who O
whipped O
off O
the O
bails O
. O

Lewis B-PER
, O
though O
, O
could O
not O
make O
similar O
waves O
with O
the O
ball O
as O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
and O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
batted O
through O
the O
rest O
of O
the O
session O
with O
few O
alarms O
. O

Wasim B-PER
rattled O
along O
to O
30 O
not O
out O
, O
outscoring O
his O
partner O
who O
was O
unbeaten O
on O
24 O
at O
the O
break O
, O
although O
the O
weather O
was O
again O
threatening O
to O
play O
the O
dominant O
role O
. O

Rain O
arrived O
just O
as O
the O
players O
left O
the O
field O
for O
lunch O
, O
forcing O
the O
ground-staff O
into O
action O
yet O
again O
. O

The O
weather O
delayed O
the O
resumption O
for O
over O
an O
hour O
, O
the O
umpires O
finally O
announcing O
play O
would O
start O
again O
at O
1445 O
local O
time O
( O
1345 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
NAME O
SQUAD O
FOR O
ONE-DAY O
INTERNATIONALS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

The O
England B-LOC
cricket O
squad O
was O
announced O
on O
Sunday O
for O
the O
one-day O
international O
series O
against O
Pakistan B-LOC
starting O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Squad O
: O
Michael B-PER
Atherton I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Alec B-PER
Stewart I-PER
, O
Graham B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
, O
Nick B-PER
Knight I-PER
, O
Graham B-PER
Lloyd I-PER
, O
Matthew B-PER
Maynard I-PER
, O
Ronnie B-PER
Irani I-PER
, O
Adam B-PER
Hollioake I-PER
, O
Robert B-PER
Croft I-PER
, O
Darren B-PER
Gough I-PER
, O
Peter B-PER
Martin I-PER
, O
Dean B-PER
Headley I-PER
, O
Alan B-PER
Mullally I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
CANADIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
from O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
Open I-MISC

tennis O
tournament O
on O
Sunday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Final O

3 O
- O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER

( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
RESULTS O
AT O
CANADIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-24 O

Results O
from O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
Open I-MISC

tennis O
tournament O
on O
Saturday O
( O
prefix O
numbers O
denotes O

seedings O
) O
: O

Semifinals O

3 O
- O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
7 O
- O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

4-6 O
6-3 O
7-5 O

Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
4 O
- O
Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
( O
Chile B-LOC
) O
6-0 O

6-3 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
TOGO B-LOC
BEAT O
CONGO B-LOC
1-0 O
IN O
AFRICA B-MISC
NATIONS I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
QUALIFIER O
. O

LOME B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Togo B-LOC
beat O
Congo B-LOC
1-0 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O

in O
their O
African B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
preliminary O
round O
, O
second O
leg O

qualifying O
match O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Scorer O
: O
Salou B-PER
Bachirou I-PER
( O
53rd O
minute O
) O

Attendance O
: O
18,000 O

Togo B-LOC
win O
1-0 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ETHIOPIA B-LOC
BEAT O
UGANDA B-LOC
ON O
PENALTIES O
IN O
AFRICAN B-MISC
NATIONS I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

ADDIS B-LOC
ABABA I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Ethiopia B-LOC
and O
Uganda B-LOC
drew O
1-1 O

( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
their O
African B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
preliminary O
round O
, O

second O
leg O
match O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Attendance O
: O
25,000 O

Aggregate O
2-2 O
. O

Ethiopia B-LOC
won O
4-2 O
penalties O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
YUGOSLAV B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Yugoslav B-MISC
league O

soccer O
matches O
played O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Division O
A O

Vojvodina B-ORG
1 O
Partizan B-ORG
1 O

Crvena B-ORG
zvezda I-ORG
3 O
Proleter B-ORG
1 O

Division O
B O

Zelesnik B-ORG
0 O
Rudar B-ORG
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
LEADING O
GOALSCORERS O
IN O
POLISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
goalscorers O
in O
the O
Polish B-MISC

first O
division O
after O
the O
weekend O
's O
matches O
: O

7 O
- O
Bogdan B-PER
Prusek I-PER
( O
Sokol B-ORG
Tychy I-ORG
) O

5 O
- O
Slawomir B-PER
Wojciechowski I-PER
( O
GKS B-ORG
Katowice I-ORG
) O

4 O
- O
Jacek B-PER
Dembinski I-PER
( O
Widzew B-ORG
Lodz I-ORG
) O
, O
Marcin B-PER
Mieciel I-PER

( O
Legia B-ORG
Warsaw I-ORG
) O
, O
Ryszard B-PER
Wieczorek I-PER
( O
Odra B-ORG
Wodzislaw I-ORG
) O

3 O
- O
Jacek B-PER
Berensztain I-PER
( O
GKS B-ORG
Belchatow I-ORG
) O
, O
Marek B-PER
Citko I-PER
( O
Widzew B-ORG
) O
, O

Adam B-PER
Fedoruk I-PER
, O
Dariusz B-PER
Jackiewicz I-PER
( O
both O
Amica B-ORG
Wronki I-ORG
) O
, O

Bartlomiej B-PER
Jamroz I-PER
( O
Hutnik B-ORG
Krakow I-ORG
) O
, O
Tomasz B-PER
Moskal I-PER

( O
Slask B-ORG
Wroclaw I-ORG
) O
, O
Krzysztof B-PER
Piskula I-PER
( O
Lech B-ORG
Poznan I-ORG
) O
, O
Mariusz B-PER

Srutwa B-PER
( O
Ruch B-ORG
Chorzow I-ORG
) O
, O
Emmanuel B-PER
Tetteh I-PER
( O
Polonia B-ORG
Warszawa I-ORG
) O
, O

Krzysztof B-PER
Zagorski I-PER
( O
Odra B-ORG
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ROMANIAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
played O
over O
the O
weekend O
: O

A.S. B-ORG
Bacau I-ORG
1 O
Ceahlaul B-ORG
Piatra I-ORG
Neamt I-ORG
1 O

Otelul B-ORG
Galati I-ORG
1 O
F.C. B-ORG
Arges I-ORG
Dacia I-ORG
Pitesti I-ORG
0 O

F.C. B-ORG
Farul I-ORG
Constanta I-ORG
3 O
Chindia B-ORG
Tirgoviste I-ORG
1 O

Sportul B-ORG
Studentesc I-ORG
4 O
Universitatea B-ORG
Craiova I-ORG
2 O

F.C. B-ORG
Petrolul I-ORG
Ploiesti I-ORG
4 O
Politehnica B-ORG
Timisoara I-ORG
5 O

F.C. B-ORG
Brasov I-ORG
1 O
F.C. B-ORG
National I-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
1 O

Jiul B-ORG
Petrosani I-ORG
1 O
Dinamo B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
0 O

Gloria B-ORG
Bistrita I-ORG
0 O
Universitatea B-ORG
Cluj I-ORG
1 O

Rapid B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
0 O
Steaua B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
2 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Dinamo B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
6 O
2 O
9 O

Jiul B-ORG
Petrosani I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
9 O

F.C. B-ORG
Farul I-ORG
Constanta I-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
6 O
2 O
8 O

Universitatea B-ORG
Cluj I-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
6 O
4 O
8 O

A.S. B-ORG
Bacau I-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
3 O
7 O

Politehnica B-ORG
Timisoara I-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
11 O
9 O
7 O

F.C. B-ORG
National I-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
6 O
7 O

Otelul B-ORG
Galati I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

F.C. B-ORG
Chindia I-ORG
Tirgoviste I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
4 O
6 O

Steaua B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
7 O
6 O

F.C. B-ORG
Arges I-ORG
Dacia I-ORG
Pitesti I-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
5 O

Universitatea B-ORG
Craiova I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
8 O
6 O
4 O

Sportul B-ORG
Studentesc I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
7 O
9 O
4 O

Ceahlaul B-ORG
Piatra I-ORG
Neamt I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O
4 O

F.C. B-ORG
Brasov I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
6 O
10 O
4 O

Gloria B-ORG
Bistrita I-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
9 O
3 O

F.C. B-ORG
Petrolul I-ORG
Ploiesti I-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
7 O
2 O

Rapid B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
9 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
POLISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Polish B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
played O
over O
the O
weekend O
: O

Amica B-ORG
Wronki I-ORG
3 O
Hutnik B-ORG
Krakow I-ORG
0 O

Sokol B-ORG
Tychy I-ORG
5 O
Lech B-ORG
Poznan I-ORG
3 O

Rakow B-ORG
Czestochowa I-ORG
1 O
Stomil B-ORG
Olsztyn I-ORG
4 O

Wisla B-ORG
Krakow I-ORG
1 O
Gornik B-ORG
Zabrze I-ORG
0 O

Slask B-ORG
Wroclaw I-ORG
3 O
Odra B-ORG
Wodzislaw I-ORG
1 O

GKS B-ORG
Katowice I-ORG
1 O
Polonia B-ORG
Warsaw I-ORG
0 O

Zaglebie B-ORG
Lubin I-ORG
2 O
LKS B-ORG
Lodz I-ORG
1 O

Legia B-ORG
Warsaw I-ORG
3 O
GKS B-ORG
Belchatow I-ORG
2 O

Widzew B-ORG
Lodz I-ORG
3 O
Ruch B-ORG
Chorzow I-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Amica B-ORG
Wronki I-ORG
7 O
5 O
1 O
1 O
13 O
8 O
16 O

Legia B-ORG
Warsaw I-ORG
7 O
5 O
1 O
1 O
13 O
7 O
16 O

Lech B-ORG
Poznan I-ORG
7 O
5 O
0 O
2 O
12 O
9 O
15 O

Widzew B-ORG
Lodz I-ORG
7 O
4 O
2 O
1 O
13 O
3 O
14 O

GKS B-ORG
Katowice I-ORG
7 O
4 O
2 O
1 O
12 O
9 O
14 O

Sokol B-ORG
Tychy I-ORG
7 O
4 O
0 O
3 O
14 O
15 O
12 O

Odra B-ORG
Wodzislaw I-ORG
7 O
3 O
1 O
3 O
13 O
10 O
10 O

Slask B-ORG
Wroclaw I-ORG
7 O
3 O
1 O
3 O
8 O
7 O
10 O

Polonia B-ORG
Warsaw I-ORG
7 O
3 O
1 O
3 O
7 O
9 O
10 O

GKS B-ORG
Belchatow I-ORG
7 O
3 O
0 O
4 O
9 O
9 O
9 O

Stomil B-ORG
Olsztyn I-ORG
7 O
2 O
3 O
2 O
9 O
9 O
9 O

Wisla B-ORG
Krakow I-ORG
7 O
2 O
3 O
2 O
3 O
4 O
9 O

Hutnik B-ORG
Krakow I-ORG
7 O
3 O
0 O
4 O
8 O
10 O
9 O

Rakow B-ORG
Czestochowa I-ORG
7 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
6 O
10 O
7 O

Zaglebie B-ORG
Lubin I-ORG
7 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
10 O
12 O
6 O

Ruch B-ORG
Chorzow I-ORG
7 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
7 O
13 O
5 O

Gornik B-ORG
Zabrze I-ORG
7 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
6 O
10 O
4 O

LKS B-ORG
Lodz I-ORG
7 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
4 O
13 O
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
RUSSIAN B-MISC
PREMIER O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Russian B-MISC
premier O
league O

matches O
played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Alaniya B-ORG
Vladikavkaz I-ORG
3 O
Zhemchuzhina B-ORG
Sochi I-ORG
1 O

Baltika B-ORG
Kaliningrad I-ORG
2 O
Zenit B-ORG
St I-ORG
Petersburg I-ORG
0 O

Chernomorets B-ORG
Novorossiisk I-ORG
2 O
Rostselmash B-ORG
Rostov I-ORG
1 O

Lokomotiv B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
2 O
Torpedo B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
1 O

Rotor B-ORG
Volgograd I-ORG
0 O
Dynamo B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
1 O

CSKA B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
4 O
Kamaz B-ORG
Naberezhnye I-ORG
Chelny I-ORG
2 O

Lada B-ORG
Togliatti I-ORG
1 O
Spartak B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
1 O

Tekstilshik B-ORG
Kamyshin I-ORG
2 O
Krylya B-ORG
Sovetov I-ORG
Samara I-ORG
1 O

Lokomotiv B-ORG
Nizhny I-ORG
Novgorod I-ORG
2 O
Uralmash B-ORG
Yekaterinburg I-ORG
2 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
games O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
. O

Note O
- O
if O
more O
than O
one O
team O
has O
the O
same O
number O
of O
points O
, O

precedence O
is O
given O
to O
the O
one O
with O
most O
wins O
. O

If O
more O
than O
one O

team O
has O
the O
same O
number O
of O
wins O
and O
points O
, O
precedence O
goes O
to O

the O
side O
with O
the O
most O
successful O
record O
against O
the O
others O
) O
. O

Alaniya B-ORG
Vladikavkaz I-ORG
24 O
16 O
5 O
3 O
48 O
25 O
53 O

Dynamo B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
25 O
15 O
7 O
3 O
43 O
21 O
52 O

Rotor B-ORG
Volgograd I-ORG
23 O
15 O
5 O
3 O
42 O
17 O
50 O

Spartak B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
25 O
14 O
7 O
4 O
48 O
24 O
49 O

CSKA B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
25 O
13 O
6 O
6 O
40 O
27 O
45 O

Lokomotiv B-ORG
Nizhny I-ORG
Novgorod I-ORG
25 O
11 O
4 O
10 O
27 O
35 O
37 O

Lokomotiv B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
25 O
9 O
9 O
7 O
30 O
24 O
36 O

Baltika B-ORG
Kaliningrad I-ORG
25 O
8 O
10 O
7 O
29 O
26 O
34 O

Torpedo B-ORG
Moscow I-ORG
25 O
8 O
9 O
8 O
31 O
33 O
33 O

Zenit B-ORG
St I-ORG
Petersburg I-ORG
24 O
9 O
4 O
11 O
24 O
26 O
31 O

Krylya B-ORG
Sovetov I-ORG
Samara I-ORG
25 O
8 O
7 O
10 O
19 O
29 O
31 O

Zhemchuzhina B-ORG
Sochi I-ORG
25 O
8 O
4 O
13 O
26 O
38 O
28 O

Rostselmash B-ORG
Rostov I-ORG
24 O
7 O
7 O
10 O
42 O
38 O
28 O

Chernomorets B-ORG
Novorossiisk I-ORG
25 O
7 O
5 O
13 O
25 O
38 O
26 O

Kamaz B-ORG
Naberezhnye I-ORG
Chelny I-ORG
24 O
5 O
4 O
15 O
25 O
42 O
19 O

Lada B-ORG
Togliatti I-ORG
24 O
4 O
6 O
14 O
15 O
37 O
18 O

Tekstilshchik B-ORG
Kamyshin I-ORG
25 O
3 O
9 O
13 O
15 O
30 O
18 O

Uralmash B-ORG
Yekaterinburg I-ORG
24 O
3 O
8 O
13 O
24 O
43 O
16 O

-DOCSTART- O

AUSTRALIAN B-MISC
RULES-AFL I-MISC
RESULTS O
AND O
STANDINGS O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Australian B-MISC
Rules I-MISC

matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
. O

Played O
Sunday O
: O

Adelaide B-ORG
14.12 O
( O
96 O
) O
Collingwood B-ORG
24 O
. O

9 O
( O
153 O
) O

West B-ORG
Coast I-ORG
24 O
. O

7 O
( O
151 O
) O
Melbourne B-ORG
11.12 O
( O
78 O
) O

Richmond B-ORG
28.19 O
( O
187 O
) O
Fitzroy B-ORG
5 O
. O

6 O
( O
36 O
) O

Played O
Saturday O
: O

Carlton B-ORG
13.18 O
( O
96 O
) O
Footscray B-ORG
9.12 O
( O
66 O
) O

Essendon B-ORG
14.16 O
( O
100 O
) O
Sydney B-ORG
12.10 O
( O
82 O
) O

St B-ORG
Kilda I-ORG
9 O
. O

9 O
( O
63 O
) O
Hawthorn B-ORG
12 O
. O

8 O
( O
80 O
) O

Brisbane B-ORG
10.11 O
( O
71 O
) O
Fremantle B-ORG
10.10 O
( O
70 O
) O

Played O
Friday O
: O

North B-ORG
Melbourne I-ORG
14.12 O
( O
96 O
) O
Geelong B-ORG
16.13 O
( O
109 O
) O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
points O

for O
, O
against O
, O
percentage O
, O
total O
points O
) O
: O

Brisbane B-ORG
21 O
15 O
1 O
5 O
2123 O
1631 O
130.2 O
62 O

Sydney B-ORG
21 O
15 O
1 O
5 O
2067 O
1687 O
122.5 O
62 O

West B-ORG
Coast I-ORG
21 O
15 O
0 O
6 O
2151 O
1673 O
128.6 O
60 O

North B-ORG
Melbourne I-ORG
21 O
15 O
0 O
6 O
2385 O
1873 O
127.3 O
60 O

Carlton B-ORG
21 O
14 O
0 O
7 O
2009 O
1844 O
108.9 O
56 O

Geelong B-ORG
21 O
13 O
1 O
7 O
2288 O
1940 O
117.9 O
54 O

Essendon B-ORG
21 O
13 O
1 O
7 O
2130 O
1947 O
109.4 O
54 O

Richmond B-ORG
21 O
11 O
0 O
10 O
2173 O
1803 O
120.5 O
44 O

Hawthorn B-ORG
21 O
10 O
1 O
10 O
1791 O
1820 O
98.4 O
42 O

St B-ORG
Kilda I-ORG
21 O
9 O
0 O
12 O
1909 O
1958 O
97.5 O
36 O

Collingwood B-ORG
21 O
8 O
0 O
13 O
2103 O
2091 O
100.6 O
32 O

Adelaide B-ORG
21 O
8 O
0 O
13 O
2158 O
2183 O
98.9 O
32 O

Melbourne B-ORG
21 O
7 O
0 O
14 O
1642 O
2361 O
69.5 O
28 O

Fremantle B-ORG
21 O
6 O
0 O
15 O
1673 O
1912 O
87.5 O
24 O

Footscray B-ORG
21 O
5 O
1 O
15 O
1578 O
2060 O
76.6 O
22 O

Fitzroy B-ORG
21 O
1 O
0 O
20 O
1381 O
2778 O
49.7 O
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
- O
AUSTRALIAN B-MISC
RUGBY O
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Australian B-MISC
rugby O
league O
matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
. O

Played O
Sunday O
: O

Sydney B-ORG
Bulldogs I-ORG
17 O
South B-ORG
Queensland I-ORG
16 O
Brisbane B-ORG
38 O
Gold B-ORG
Coast I-ORG
10 O

North B-ORG
Sydney I-ORG
46 O
South B-ORG
Sydney I-ORG
4 O

Illawarra B-ORG
42 O
Penrith B-ORG
2 O

St B-ORG
George I-ORG
20 O
North B-ORG
Queensland I-ORG
24 O

Manly B-ORG
42 O
Western B-ORG
Suburbs I-ORG
12 O

Played O
Saturday O
: O

Parramatta B-ORG
14 O
Sydney B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
26 O

Newcastle B-ORG
24 O
Western B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
20 O

Played O
Friday O
: O

Canberra B-ORG
30 O
Auckland B-ORG
6 O

Premiership O
standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O

lost O
, O
points O
for O
, O
against O
, O
total O
points O
) O
: O

Manly B-ORG
21 O
17 O
0 O
4 O
501 O
181 O
34 O

Brisbane B-ORG
21 O
16 O
0 O
5 O
569 O
257 O
32 O

North B-ORG
Sydney I-ORG
21 O
14 O
2 O
5 O
560 O
317 O
30 O

Sydney B-ORG
City I-ORG
20 O
14 O
1 O
5 O
487 O
293 O
29 O

Cronulla B-ORG
20 O
12 O
2 O
6 O
359 O
258 O
26 O

Canberra B-ORG
21 O
12 O
1 O
8 O
502 O
374 O
25 O

St B-ORG
George I-ORG
21 O
12 O
1 O
8 O
421 O
344 O
25 O

Newcastle B-ORG
21 O
11 O
1 O
9 O
416 O
366 O
23 O

Western B-ORG
Suburbs I-ORG
21 O
11 O
1 O
9 O
382 O
426 O
23 O

Auckland B-ORG
21 O
11 O
0 O
10 O
406 O
389 O
22 O

Sydney B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
21 O
11 O
0 O
10 O
309 O
435 O
22 O

Parramatta B-ORG
21 O
10 O
1 O
10 O
388 O
391 O
21 O

Sydney B-ORG
Bulldogs I-ORG
21 O
10 O
0 O
11 O
325 O
356 O
20 O

Illawarra B-ORG
21 O
8 O
0 O
13 O
395 O
432 O
16 O

Western B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
21 O
6 O
1 O
14 O
297 O
398 O
13 O

Penrith B-ORG
21 O
6 O
1 O
14 O
339 O
448 O
13 O

North B-ORG
Queensland I-ORG
21 O
6 O
0 O
15 O
266 O
593 O
12 O

Gold B-ORG
Coast I-ORG
21 O
5 O
1 O
15 O
351 O
483 O
11 O

South B-ORG
Sydney I-ORG
21 O
5 O
1 O
15 O
304 O
586 O
11 O

South B-ORG
Queensland I-ORG
21 O
4 O
0 O
17 O
210 O
460 O
8 O

-DOCSTART- O

BADMINTON O
- O
MALAYSIAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

KUALA B-LOC
LUMPUR I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
finals O
in O
the O

Malaysian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
badminton O
tournament O
on O
Sunday O
( O
prefix O
numbers O

denote O
seedings O
) O
: O

Men O
's O
singles O

2 O
- O
Ong B-PER
Ewe I-PER
Hock I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Indra B-PER
Wijaya I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
1-15 O

15-1 O
15-7 O

Women O
's O
singles O

2 O
- O
Zhang B-PER
Ning I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
beat O
1 O
- O
Wang B-PER
Chen I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
11-7 O
11-8 O

Women O
's O
doubles O

3/4 O
- O
Marlene B-PER
Thomsen I-PER
/ O
Lisbet B-PER
Stuer-Lauridsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
beat O

3/4 O
- O
Qiang B-PER
Hong I-PER
/ O
Liu B-PER
Lu I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
10-15 O
17-14 O
17-16 O

Men O
's O
doubles O

1 O
- O
Yap B-PER
Kim I-PER
Hock I-PER
/ O
Cheah B-PER
Soon I-PER
Kit I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Lee B-PER
Wan I-PER
Wah I-PER
/ O
Chong B-PER

Tan B-PER
Fook I-PER
( O
Malaysia B-LOC
) O
15-5 O
15-3 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
S. B-MISC
KOREAN I-MISC
PRO-BASEBALL O
GAMES O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC

pro-baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Haitai B-ORG
10 O
Hanwha B-ORG
4 O

Hyundai B-ORG
5 O
Samsung B-ORG
4 O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
4 O
LG B-ORG
1 O

OB B-ORG
1 O
Lotte B-PER
1 O

Lotte B-PER
1 O
OB B-ORG
0* O

*Note O
- O
OB B-ORG
and O
Lotte B-PER
played O
two O
games O
. O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Saturday O
( O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

winning O
percentage O
, O
games O
behind O
first O
place O
) O

W O
D O
L O
PCT O
GB O

Haitai B-ORG
63 O
2 O
40 O
.610 O
- O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
57 O
2 O
47 O
.547 O
6 O
1/2 O

Hyundai B-ORG
55 O
5 O
47 O
.537 O
7 O
1/2 O

Hanwha B-ORG
55 O
1 O
48 O
.534 O
8 O

Samsung B-ORG
47 O
5 O
54 O
.467 O
15 O

Lotte B-ORG
44 O
6 O
52 O
.461 O
15 O
1/2 O

LG B-ORG
44 O
5 O
57 O
.439 O
18 O

OB B-ORG
40 O
6 O
60 O
.406 O
21 O
1/2 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
SUNDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Sunday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

BOSTON B-ORG
8 O
Seattle B-ORG
5 O

CLEVELAND B-ORG
8 O
Milwaukee B-ORG
5 O

California B-ORG
13 O
BALTIMORE B-ORG
0 O

Oakland B-ORG
6 O
NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
4 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
10 O
Toronto B-ORG
9 O
( O
10 O
) O

Texas B-ORG
13 O
MINNESOTA B-ORG
2 O

Detroit B-ORG
7 O
KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
SATURDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Saturday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
74 O
54 O
.578 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
68 O
60 O
.531 O
6 O

BOSTON B-ORG
65 O
65 O
.500 O
10 O

TORONTO B-ORG
61 O
69 O
.469 O
14 O

DETROIT B-ORG
46 O
83 O
.357 O
28 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
76 O
53 O
.589 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
69 O
62 O
.527 O
8 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
65 O
64 O
.504 O
11 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
62 O
68 O
.477 O
14 O
1/2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
59 O
72 O
.450 O
18 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
74 O
56 O
.569 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
66 O
62 O
.516 O
7 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
62 O
70 O
.470 O
13 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
60 O
69 O
.465 O
13 O
1/2 O

SUNDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
25TH O
SCHEDULE O

SEATTLE B-ORG
AT O
BOSTON B-LOC

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
AT O
CLEVELAND B-LOC

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
AT O
BALTIMORE B-LOC

OAKLAND B-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

TORONTO B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

TEXAS B-ORG
AT O
MINNESOTA B-LOC

DETROIT B-ORG
AT O
KANSAS B-LOC
CITY I-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
81 O
47 O
.633 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
70 O
58 O
.547 O
11 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
60 O
70 O
.462 O
22 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
71 O
.454 O
23 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
53 O
77 O
.408 O
29 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
69 O
61 O
.531 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
68 O
61 O
.527 O
1/2 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
64 O
64 O
.500 O
4 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
63 O
64 O
.496 O
4 O
1/2 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
55 O
74 O
.426 O
13 O
1/2 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
71 O
60 O
.542 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
69 O
60 O
.535 O
1 O

COLORADO B-ORG
67 O
63 O
.515 O
3 O
1/2 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
54 O
73 O
.425 O
15 O

SUNDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
25TH O
SCHEDULE O

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
ATLANTA B-LOC

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
LOS B-LOC
ANGELES I-LOC

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
DIEGO I-LOC

MONTREAL B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC

CINCINNATI B-ORG
AT O
FLORIDA B-LOC

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
ORIOLES B-ORG
SNEAK O
PAST O
ANGELS B-ORG
. O

BALTIMORE B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Rafael B-PER
Palmeiro I-PER
's O
two-out O
single O
in O
the O
sixth O
inning O
scored O
Roberto B-PER
Alomar I-PER
with O
the O
go-ahead O
run O
as O
the O
Baltimore B-ORG
Orioles I-ORG
rallied O
past O
the O
California B-ORG
Angels I-ORG
5-4 O
and O
took O
over O
the O
American B-MISC
League I-MISC
's O
wild-card O
berth O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
Orioles B-ORG
trailed O
4-3 O
when O
pinch-hitter O
Mike B-PER
Devereaux I-PER
led O
off O
the O
sixth O
with O
a O
triple O
against O
reliever O
Kyle B-PER
Abbott I-PER
( O
0-1 O
) O
and O
scored O
the O
tying O
run O
on O
Alomar B-PER
's O
single O
. O

After O
Brady B-PER
Anderson I-PER
sacrificed O
, O
Palmeiro B-PER
hit O
the O
first O
pitch O
into O
right O
field O
for O
a O
single O
, O
scoring O
Alomar B-PER
. O

In O
Boston B-LOC
, O
former O
Mariner B-PER
Darren I-PER
Bragg I-PER
's O
first O
career O
grand O
slam O
in O
the O
sixth O
inning O
off O
reliever O
Randy B-PER
Johnson I-PER
lifted O
the O
Boston B-ORG
Red I-ORG
Sox I-ORG
to O
their O
fifth O
win O
in O
six O
games O
, O
a O
9-5 O
victory O
over O
Seattle B-LOC
. O

" O
Just O
one O
of O
those O
things O
, O
I O
was O
just O
trying O
to O
make O
contact O
, O
" O
said O
Bragg B-PER
. O
" O

The O
bases O
were O
loaded O
and O
I O
had O
two O
strikes O
. O

I O
was O
just O
trying O
to O
put O
the O
ball O
in O
play O
. O

I O
got O
the O
good O
part O
of O
the O
bat O
on O
it O
and O
it O
carried O
out O
. O
" O

In O
Cleveland B-ORG
, O
Kevin B-PER
Seitzer I-PER
's O
two-out O
single O
in O
the O
top O
of O
the O
10th O
brought O
home O
David B-PER
Hulse I-PER
with O
the O
winning O
run O
as O
the O
Milwaukee B-ORG
Brewers I-ORG
sent O
the O
Cleveland B-ORG
Indians I-ORG
to O
their O
third O
straight O
extra-inning O
defeat O
4-3 O
. O

Bob B-PER
Wickman I-PER
( O
5-1 O
) O
, O
acquired O
from O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Yankees I-ORG
on O
Friday O
, O
earned O
the O
win O
in O
his O
Milwaukee B-ORG
debut O
despite O
allowing O
the O
tying O
run O
in O
the O
eighth O
inning O
. O

At O
Minnesota B-LOC
, O
Marty B-PER
Cordova I-PER
and O
Matt B-PER
Lawton I-PER
hit O
solo O
homers O
and O
Frankie B-PER
Rodriguez I-PER
allowed O
six O
hits O
over O
seven O
innings O
to O
earn O
his O
first O
win O
as O
a O
starter O
in O
a O
month O
as O
the O
Minnesota B-ORG
Twins I-ORG
held O
on O
to O
beat O
the O
Texas B-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
6-5 O
. O

" O
Yeah O
, O
you O
know O
it O
's O
fun O
, O
it O
's O
always O
fun O
when O
you O
've O
got O
a O
chance O
to O
go O
to O
the O
ballpark O
and O
win O
a O
game O
that O
's O
important O
, O
" O
said O
Rodriguez B-PER
. O
" O

Every O
game O
should O
be O
important O
, O
but O
it O
's O
a O
little O
more O
important O
now O
. O
" O

In O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
, O
Wally B-PER
Whitehurst I-PER
allowed O
two O
runs O
over O
seven O
innings O
for O
his O
first O
win O
in O
more O
than O
two O
years O
and O
Paul B-PER
O'Neill I-PER
's O
three-run O
double O
snapped O
a O
sixth-inning O
tie O
as O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Yankees I-ORG
held O
on O
for O
a O
5-4 O
victory O
over O
the O
Oakland B-ORG
Athletics I-ORG
. O

Whitehurst B-PER
, O
promoted O
from O
Triple-A B-ORG
Columbus I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
, O
allowed O
seven O
hits O
and O
struck O
out O
one O
without O
a O
walk O
. O

It O
was O
his O
first O
win O
since O
defeating O
the O
St. B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
Cardinals I-ORG
on O
May O
28th O
, O
1994 O
when O
he O
was O
with O
the O
San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
Padres I-ORG
. O

In O
Kansas B-LOC
City I-LOC
, O
Jose B-PER
Rosado I-PER
came O
within O
one O
out O
of O
his O
third O
complete O
game O
and O
Michael B-PER
Tucker I-PER
homered O
and O
drove O
in O
three O
runs O
as O
the O
Kansas B-ORG
City I-ORG
Royals I-ORG
broke O
a O
six-game O
losing O
streak O
with O
a O
9-2 O
victory O
over O
the O
Detroit B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
in O
a O
battle O
of O
cellar-dwellers O
. O

Rosado B-PER
( O
5-3 O
) O
allowed O
two O
runs O
-- O
one O
earned O
-- O
and O
seven O
hits O
over O
8-2/3 O
innings O
with O
three O
walks O
and O
six O
strikeouts O
. O

In O
his O
last O
four O
starts O
, O
the O
21-year-old O
left-hander O
has O
given O
up O
only O
four O
earned O
runs O
in O
29-2/3 O
innings O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
BRAVES B-ORG
RALLY O
TO O
BEAT O
CUBS B-ORG
. O

ATLANTA B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Fred B-PER
McGriff I-PER
went O
5-for-5 O
and O
homered O
twice O
, O
including O
a O
three-run O
blast O
with O
two O
out O
in O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
ninth O
inning O
that O
lifted O
the O
Atlanta B-ORG
Braves I-ORG
to O
a O
6-5 O
victory O
over O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
Cubs I-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

" O
I O
was O
just O
trying O
to O
hang O
in O
there O
and O
hit O
it O
up O
the O
middle O
, O
" O
said O
McGriff B-PER
about O
his O
homer O
in O
the O
ninth O
. O
" O

I O
was O
just O
looking O
for O
the O
ball O
, O
trying O
to O
stay O
on O
it O
. O

Brad B-PER
Clontz I-PER
( O
6-2 O
) O
picked O
up O
the O
win O
in O
relief O
for O
Atlanta B-LOC
, O
which O
has O
won O
11 O
of O
its O
last O
13 O
games O
. O

In O
Colorado B-LOC
, O
Mark B-PER
Thompson I-PER
threw O
an O
eight-hitter O
for O
his O
third O
complete O
game O
and O
Ellis B-PER
Burks I-PER
homered O
and O
drove O
in O
three O
runs O
as O
the O
Colorado B-ORG
Rockies I-ORG
beat O
the O
Pittsburgh B-ORG
Pirates I-ORG
9-3 O
. O

Vinny B-PER
Castilla I-PER
and O
Dante B-PER
Bichette I-PER
each O
added O
two O
RBI B-MISC
for O
Colorado B-LOC
, O
which O
improved O
the O
major O
league O
's O
best O
home O
mark O
to O
44-20 O
. O

At O
Florida B-LOC
, O
Kevin B-PER
Brown I-PER
scattered O
seven O
hits O
over O
eight O
innings O
and O
Kurt B-PER
Abbott I-PER
snapped O
a O
sixth-inning O
tie O
with O
a O
two-run O
double O
as O
the O
Florida B-ORG
Marlins I-ORG
defeated O
the O
tired O
Cincinnati B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
5-3 O
. O

The O
Marlins B-ORG
won O
for O
just O
the O
third O
time O
in O
nine O
games O
, O
taking O
advantage O
of O
a O
Reds B-ORG
' O
team O
that O
has O
not O
had O
a O
day O
off O
since O
August O
8th O
and O
was O
playing O
its O
fourth O
game O
in O
43 O
hours O
. O

In O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
, O
Tom B-PER
Candiotti I-PER
allowed O
two O
runs O
in O
seven O
innings O
and O
singled O
home O
the O
go-ahead O
run O
and O
Mike B-PER
Piazza I-PER
and O
Todd B-PER
Hollandsworth I-PER
drove O
in O
two O
runs O
apiece O
as O
the O
Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
Dodgers I-ORG
defeated O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Mets I-ORG
7-5 O
. O

Candiotti B-PER
( O
8-9 O
) O
walked O
one O
, O
allowed O
five O
hits O
and O
struck O
out O
a O
season-high O
eight O
batters O
for O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
, O
which O
has O
won O
10 O
of O
its O
last O
14 O
games O
. O

In O
San B-LOC
Diego I-LOC
, O
Joey B-PER
Hamilton I-PER
allowed O
two O
hits O
over O
seven O
innings O
and O
Rickey B-PER
Henderson I-PER
hit O
his O
major O
league-record O
69th O
leadoff O
homer O
as O
the O
San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
Padres I-ORG
defeated O
the O
Philadelphia B-ORG
Phillies I-ORG
7-1 O
for O
their O
fifth O
win O
in O
six O
games O
. O

Hamilton B-PER
( O
12-7 O
) O
won O
his O
second O
straight O
start O
, O
allowing O
just O
a O
sixth-inning O
run O
and O
a O
pair O
of O
singles O
. O

In O
San B-LOC
Francisco I-LOC
, O
Pedro B-PER
Martinez I-PER
allowed O
two O
hits O
in O
eight O
innings O
and O
David B-PER
Segui I-PER
drove O
in O
two O
runs O
as O
the O
Montreal B-ORG
Expos I-ORG
shut O
out O
the O
San B-ORG
Francisco I-ORG
Giants I-ORG
3-0 O
for O
their O
third O
straight O
win O
. O

Martinez B-PER
( O
11-7 O
) O
, O
who O
lasted O
just O
1-1/3 O
innings O
in O
his O
last O
start O
against O
San B-LOC
Diego I-LOC
five O
days O
ago O
, O
pitched O
eight-plus O
innings O
, O
walking O
four O
and O
striking O
out O
10 O
. O

In O
Houston B-LOC
, O
Orlando B-PER
Miller I-PER
's O
two-run O
homer O
with O
one O
out O
in O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
ninth O
off O
Todd B-PER
Stottlemyre I-PER
gave O
the O
Houston B-ORG
Astros I-ORG
a O
3-1 O
win O
over O
the O
St. B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
Cardinals I-ORG
and O
left O
the O
teams O
in O
a O
virtual O
tie O
for O
the O
lead O
in O
the O
NL B-MISC
Central I-MISC
division I-MISC
. O

Shane B-PER
Reynolds I-PER
( O
16-6 O
) O
fired O
a O
five-hitter O
, O
walking O
one O
and O
striking O
out O
six O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
SATURDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Saturday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

ATLANTA B-ORG
6 O
Chicago B-ORG
5 O

HOUSTON B-ORG
3 O
St B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
1 O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
7 O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
5 O

Montreal B-ORG
3 O
SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
0 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
5 O
Cincinnati B-ORG
3 O

COLORADO B-ORG
9 O
Pittsburgh B-ORG
3 O

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
7 O
Philadelphia B-ORG
1 O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

BOSTON B-ORG
9 O
Seattle B-ORG
5 O

Milwaukee B-ORG
4 O
CLEVELAND B-ORG
3 O
( O
10 O
innings O
) O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
5 O
California B-ORG
4 O

Toronto B-ORG
9 O
CHICAGO B-ORG
2 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
5 O
Oakland B-ORG
4 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
9 O
Detroit B-ORG
2 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
6 O
Texas B-ORG
5 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
CHAMPIONS O
PORTO B-LOC
KICK O
OFF O
SEASON O
WITH O
A O
DRAW O
. O

LISBON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Portuguese B-MISC
champions O
Porto B-ORG
kicked O
off O
the O
season O
with O
a O
disappointing O
2-2 O
home O
draw O
against O
Setubal B-ORG
and O
were O
lucky O
to O
squeeze O
in O
an O
equaliser O
in O
extra O
time O
. O

Porto B-ORG
, O
who O
are O
fighting O
to O
take O
their O
third O
consecutive O
title O
this O
season O
, O
were O
2-0 O
down O
until O
the O
86th O
minute O
when O
a O
header O
by O
Mario B-PER
Jardel I-PER
found O
the O
net O
after O
a O
string O
of O
missed O
opportunities O
, O
including O
a O
penalty O
taken O
by O
top O
league O
scorer O
Domingos B-PER
Oliveira I-PER
in O
the O
60th O
minute O
. O

Domingos B-PER
redeemed O
himself O
by O
netting O
the O
equaliser O
just O
into O
extra O
time O
. O

Setubal B-ORG
, O
who O
put O
on O
a O
skilful O
counter-attack O
throughout O
the O
game O
, O
opened O
the O
scoring O
16 O
minutes O
into O
the O
match O
when O
an O
unmarked O
Chiquinho B-PER
Conde I-PER
shot O
around O
Porto B-ORG
's O
new O
Polish B-MISC
keeper O
Andrejez B-PER
Wozniak I-PER
. O

Conde B-PER
scored O
his O
second O
in O
the O
70th O
minute O
. O

Benfica B-ORG
, O
also O
playing O
their O
first O
game O
of O
the O
season O
at O
home O
, O
were O
held O
to O
a O
1-1 O
draw O
by O
northern O
side O
Braga B-ORG
despite O
the O
fact O
that O
the O
visitors O
were O
reduced O
to O
10 O
men O
in O
the O
54th O
minute O
after O
Rodrigo B-PER
Carneiro I-PER
was O
sent O
off O
for O
a O
second O
bookable O
offence O
. O

Benfica B-ORG
dominated O
the O
game O
but O
their O
lack O
of O
a O
first-class O
striker O
was O
apparent O
throughout O
and O
in O
the O
30th O
minute O
they O
lost O
key O
Brazilian B-MISC
midfielder O
Valdo B-PER
who O
suffered O
a O
light O
knee O
injury O
. O

He O
was O
substituted O
by O
Paulao B-PER
. O

Benfica B-ORG
finally O
opened O
the O
scoring O
in O
the O
81st O
minute O
with O
a O
penalty O
taken O
by O
Helder B-PER
after O
Luis B-PER
Baltasar I-PER
tripped O
up O
captain O
Joao B-PER
Pinto I-PER
under O
the O
referee O
's O
nose O
. O

Braga B-ORG
defender O
Idalecio B-PER
gave O
his O
team O
their O
equaliser O
seven O
minutes O
from O
the O
final O
whistle O
with O
a O
header O
into O
the O
back O
of O
the O
net O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
PORTUGUESE B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
. O

LISBON B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Portuguese B-MISC
first O

division O
soccer O
matches O
on O
Sunday O
: O

FC B-ORG
Porto I-ORG
2 O
Setubal B-ORG
2 O

Benfica B-ORG
1 O
Braga B-ORG
1 O

Guimaraes B-ORG
4 O
Gil B-ORG
Vicente I-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FIORENTINA B-ORG
WIN O
WITH O
BATISTUTA B-PER
DOUBLE O
. O

MILAN B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Argentine B-MISC
striker O
Gabriel B-PER
Batistuta I-PER
gave O
Fiorentina B-ORG
the O
perfect O
70th O
birthday O
present O
on O
Sunday O
with O
two O
goals O
that O
gave O
the O
Italian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
winners O
a O
2-1 O
Supercup B-MISC
victory O
over O
serie B-MISC
A I-MISC
champions O
Milan B-ORG
. O

The O
victory O
, O
coming O
on O
the O
eve O
of O
the O
founding O
of O
the O
Florence B-LOC
club O
in O
1926 O
, O
also O
marked O
the O
first O
time O
since O
the O
pre-season O
trophy O
between O
the O
Cup B-MISC
winners O
and O
league O
champions O
was O
started O
in O
1988 O
that O
the O
Cup B-MISC
winners O
had O
won O
. O

Batistuta B-PER
gave O
Fiorentina B-ORG
the O
lead O
in O
the O
11th O
minute O
. O

Sweden B-LOC
's O
Stefan B-PER
Schwarz I-PER
picked O
him O
out O
with O
a O
lob O
to O
the O
edge O
of O
the O
box O
and O
Batistuta B-PER
did O
the O
rest O
, O
chipping O
veteran O
defender O
Franco B-PER
Baresi I-PER
and O
scoring O
at O
the O
near O
post O
. O

Montenegrin B-MISC
midfielder O
Dejan B-PER
Savicevic I-PER
equalised O
for O
the O
home O
team O
, O
weaving O
past O
a O
defender O
, O
checking O
and O
firing O
in O
a O
left-footed O
shot O
in O
the O
21st O
minute O
that O
gave O
young O
Fiorentina B-ORG
goalkeeper O
Francesco B-PER
Toldo I-PER
little O
chance O
. O

The O
scored O
stayed O
level O
to O
the O
final O
minutes O
but O
with O
a O
penalty O
shoot O
out O
looming O
, O
Batistuta B-PER
took O
charge O
. O

French B-MISC
international O
midfielder O
Marcel B-PER
Desailly I-PER
fouled O
the O
Argentine B-MISC
, O
whose O
coach O
at O
Boca B-ORG
Juniors I-ORG
before O
he O
joined O
Fiorentina B-ORG
in O
1991 O
was O
new O
Milan B-ORG
coach O
Oscar B-PER
Tabarez I-PER
, O
and O
Batistuta B-PER
rammed O
home O
the O
free O
kick O
from O
30 O
metres O
out O
. O

The O
83rd O
minute O
shot O
, O
curling O
over O
the O
defence O
and O
dipping O
in O
under O
the O
bar O
from O
the O
striker O
dubbed O
Batigol B-PER
by O
adoring O
Fiorentina B-ORG
fans O
, O
was O
just O
reward O
for O
Fiorentina B-ORG
who O
looked O
a O
far O
more O
impressive O
team O
. O

Milan B-ORG
's O
player O
of O
the O
year O
George B-PER
Weah I-PER
missed O
a O
good O
first O
half O
opportunity O
but O
otherwise O
looked O
a O
little O
rusty O
while O
Italian B-MISC
team O
mate O
Roberto B-PER
Baggio I-PER
did O
not O
play O
due O
to O
injury O
. O

New O
Dutch B-MISC
signing O
Edgar B-PER
Davids I-PER
came O
on O
late O
in O
the O
second O
half O
as O
a O
Milan B-ORG
substitute O
but O
made O
little O
impact O
. O

The O
league O
season O
starts O
on O
September O
8 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FIORENTINA B-ORG
BEAT O
MILAN B-ORG
IN O
ITALIAN B-MISC
SUPERCUP I-MISC
. O

MILAN B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Italian B-MISC
Cup B-MISC
winners O
Fiorentina B-ORG
beat O

league O
champions O
Milan B-ORG
2-1 O
( O
halftime O
1-1 O
) O
in O
the O
pre-season O

Supercoppa O
( O
SuperCup B-MISC
) O
in O
Milan B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
: O

Scorers O
: O

Fiorentina B-ORG
- O
Gabriel B-PER
Batistuta I-PER
( O
11th O
, O
83rd O
) O

Milan B-ORG
- O
Dejan B-PER
Savicevic I-PER
( O
21st O
) O

Attendance O
: O
29,582 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
NORWAY B-LOC
ELITE O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

OSLO B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Norwegian B-MISC
elite O
division O

soccer O
matches O
at O
the O
weekend O
: O

Tromso B-ORG
2 O
Kongsvinger B-ORG
1 O

Valerenga B-ORG
3 O
Skeid B-ORG
0 O

Stabaek B-ORG
4 O
Stromsgodset B-ORG
0 O

Molde B-ORG
1 O
Bodo B-ORG
/ I-ORG
Glimt I-ORG
2 O

Viking B-ORG
1 O
Moss B-ORG
0 O

Brann B-ORG
7 O
Start B-ORG
1 O

Rosenborg B-ORG
7 O
Lillestrom B-ORG
2 O

Standings O
after O
weekend O
matches O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O

drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Rosenborg B-ORG
20 O
14 O
4 O
2 O
68 O
21 O
46 O

Lillestrom B-ORG
19 O
9 O
5 O
5 O
38 O
29 O
32 O

Skeid B-ORG
19 O
10 O
2 O
7 O
29 O
30 O
32 O

Stabaek B-ORG
20 O
7 O
8 O
5 O
41 O
34 O
29 O

Brann B-ORG
19 O
8 O
5 O
6 O
40 O
37 O
29 O

Tromso B-ORG
20 O
8 O
5 O
7 O
34 O
33 O
29 O

Viking B-ORG
20 O
7 O
7 O
6 O
33 O
24 O
28 O

Molde B-ORG
19 O
8 O
3 O
8 O
36 O
25 O
27 O

Bodo B-ORG
/ I-ORG
Glimt I-ORG
20 O
7 O
4 O
9 O
33 O
41 O
25 O

Kongsvinger B-ORG
20 O
7 O
4 O
9 O
26 O
38 O
25 O

Stromsgodset B-ORG
20 O
7 O
4 O
9 O
27 O
40 O
25 O

Valerenga B-ORG
20 O
6 O
6 O
8 O
26 O
32 O
24 O

Moss B-ORG
20 O
4 O
6 O
10 O
23 O
40 O
18 O

Start B-ORG
20 O
3 O
3 O
14 O
26 O
56 O
12 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SUMMARY O
OF O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
MATCH O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Summary O
of O
German B-MISC
first O
division O

match O
played O
on O
Sunday O
: O

MSV B-ORG
Duisberg I-ORG
0 O
Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
4 O
( O
Klinsmann B-PER
15th O
, O
Zieger B-PER
24th O
and O

90th O
, O
Witechek B-PER
59th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-2 O
. O

Attendance O
: O
30,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
RESULT O
OF O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
MATCH O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Result O
of O
German B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
match O
on O
Sunday O
: O

MSV B-ORG
Duisberg I-ORG
0 O
Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
4 O

Bundesliga B-MISC
standings O
after O
Sunday O
's O
game O
( O
tabulate O
under O

played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Cologne B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
7 O
1 O
9 O

Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
7 O
2 O
7 O

VfB B-ORG
Stuttgart I-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
6 O
1 O
6 O

Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
9 O
5 O
6 O

Hamburg B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
3 O
6 O

Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
4 O
6 O

VfL B-ORG
Bochum I-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
5 O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
4 O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
7 O
4 O

1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

Freiburg B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
10 O
3 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Duesseldorf I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
7 O
3 O

Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
2 O

Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Borussia B-ORG
Moenchengladbach I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
2 O

Schalke B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
8 O
2 O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
6 O
1 O

MSV B-ORG
Duisburg I-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
8 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SWISS B-MISC
PREMIER O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Swiss B-MISC
premier O
division O

matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
: O

Aarau B-ORG
1 O
Young B-ORG
Boys I-ORG
0 O

Grasshopper B-ORG
2 O
Lucerne B-ORG
2 O

Lugano B-ORG
1 O
Basle B-ORG
1 O

Neuchatel B-ORG
3 O
St B-ORG
Gallen I-ORG
0 O

Sion B-ORG
3 O
Servette B-ORG
1 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Neuchatel B-ORG
8 O
6 O
1 O
1 O
12 O
7 O
19 O

Grasshopper B-ORG
9 O
4 O
4 O
1 O
17 O
11 O
16 O

St. B-ORG
Gallen O
9 O
4 O
4 O
1 O
6 O
5 O
16 O

Lausanne B-ORG
9 O
4 O
2 O
3 O
18 O
13 O
14 O

Aarau B-ORG
8 O
4 O
1 O
3 O
9 O
4 O
13 O

Sion B-ORG
9 O
3 O
4 O
2 O
13 O
11 O
13 O

Zurich B-ORG
9 O
2 O
5 O
2 O
9 O
9 O
11 O

Basle B-ORG
8 O
2 O
3 O
3 O
12 O
11 O
9 O

Servette B-ORG
9 O
2 O
3 O
4 O
10 O
12 O
9 O

Lucerne B-ORG
8 O
1 O
5 O
2 O
10 O
11 O
8 O

Lugano B-ORG
9 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
6 O
15 O
7 O

Young B-ORG
Boys I-ORG
9 O
1 O
0 O
8 O
6 O
19 O
3 O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
LEADING O
PRIZE O
MONEY O
WINNERS O
ON O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
TOUR I-MISC
. O

STUTTGART B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
prize O
money O

winners O
on O
the O
European B-MISC
Tour I-MISC
after O
Sunday O
's O
German B-MISC
Open I-MISC
( O
Britain B-LOC

unless O
stated O
) O
: O

1. O
Ian B-PER
Woosnam I-PER
480,618 O
pounds O
sterling O

2. O
Colin B-PER
Montgomerie I-PER
429,449 O

3. O
Lee B-PER
Westwood I-PER
301,972 O

4. O
Robert B-PER
Allenby I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
291,088 O

5. O
Mark B-PER
McNulty I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
254,247 O

6. O
Costantino B-PER
Rocca I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
253,337 O

7. O
Andrew B-PER
Coltart I-PER
246,077 O

8. O
Wayne B-PER
Riley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
233,713 O

9. O
Raymond B-PER
Russell I-PER
229,360 O

10. O
Stephen B-PER
Ames I-PER
( O
Trinidad B-LOC
) O
211,175 O

11. O
Frank B-PER
Nobilo I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
209,412 O

12. O
Paul B-PER
McGinley I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
208,978 O

13. O
Paul B-PER
Lawrie I-PER
207,990 O

14. O
Padraig B-PER
Harrington I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
202,593 O

15. O
Retief B-PER
Goosen I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
188,143 O

16. O
Jonathan B-PER
Lomas I-PER
181,005 O

17. O
Paul B-PER
Broadhurst I-PER
172,580 O

18. O
Peter B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
170,952 O

19. O
Jim B-PER
Payne I-PER
165,150 O

20. O
Russell B-PER
Claydon I-PER
156,996 O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
SWISS B-MISC
GRAND B-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
RESULT O
. O

ZURICH B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Leading O
results O
in O
the O
232-km O

Swiss B-MISC
Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
cycling O
race O
on O
Sunday O
: O

1. O
Andrea B-PER
Ferrigato I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
5 O
hours O
51 O
minutes O
52 O
seconds O

2. O
Michele B-PER
Bartoli I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

3. O
Johan B-PER
Museeuw I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O

4. O
Lance B-PER
Armstrong I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

5. O
Francesco B-PER
Casagrande I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

6. O
Alessandro B-PER
Baronti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

7. O
Frank B-PER
Vandenbroucke I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
all O
same O
time O

8. O
Fabio B-PER
Baldato I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
11 O
seconds O
behind O

9. O
Maurizio B-PER
Fondriest I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

10. O
Laurent B-PER
Jalabert I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
both O
same O
time O

Leading O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
standings O
( O
after O
8 O
of O
11 O
rounds O
) O
: O

1. O
Museeuw B-PER
162 O
points O

2. O
Ferrigato B-PER
112 O

3. O
Bartoli B-PER
108 O

4. O
Stefano B-PER
Zanini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
88 O

5. O
Armstrong B-PER
81 O

6. O
Baldato B-PER
77 O

7. O
Alexandre B-PER
Gontchenkov I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
67 O

8. O
Gabriele B-PER
Colombo I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
58 O

9. O
Andrei B-PER
Tchmil I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
56 O

10. O
Max B-PER
Sciandri I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
55 O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
FERRIGATO B-PER
SPRINTS O
TO O
SECOND O
STRAIGHT O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
WIN O
. O

ZURICH B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Andrea B-PER
Ferrigato I-PER
of O
Italy B-LOC
sprinted O
to O
his O
second O
cycling O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
win O
in O
successive O
weekends O
with O
victory O
in O
the O
Swiss B-MISC
Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
on O
Sunday O
. O

Ferrigato B-PER
, O
winner O
of O
the O
Leeds B-MISC
Classic I-MISC
last O
Sunday O
with O
a O
one O
second O
win O
over O
Britain B-LOC
's O
Max B-PER
Sciandri I-PER
, O
posted O
a O
similarly O
narrow O
margin O
of O
victory O
again O
. O

The O
26-year-old O
Italian B-MISC
surged O
past O
compatriot O
Michele B-PER
Bartoli I-PER
and O
last O
year O
's O
winner O
and O
defending O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
champion O
Johan B-PER
Museeuw I-PER
of O
Belgium B-LOC
in O
the O
final O
few O
metres O
of O
the O
237km O
race O
. O

All O
three O
clocked O
the O
same O
time O
of O
five O
hours O
51 O
minutes O
, O
52 O
seconds O
. O

Former O
world O
champion O
Lance B-PER
Armstrong I-PER
of O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
was O
in O
front O
as O
the O
leading O
pack O
of O
seven O
riders O
turned O
into O
the O
Oerlikon B-LOC
velodrome O
for O
the O
final O
one O
lap O
sprint O
but O
quickly O
faded O
and O
settled O
for O
fourth O
. O

The O
back-to-back O
wins O
vault O
Ferrigato B-PER
from O
sixth O
to O
second O
in O
the O
overall O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
rankings O
with O
112 O
points O
but O
Museeuw B-PER
continues O
to O
hold O
a O
commanding O
lead O
with O
162 O
points O
after O
eight O
of O
the O
11 O
rounds O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF B-LOC
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
SCORES O
. O

STUTTGART B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Briton B-MISC
Ian B-PER
Woosnam I-PER
won O

the O
German B-MISC
Open I-MISC
golf O
championship O
on O
Sunday O
after O
the O
final O

round O
was O
abandoned O
because O
of O
torrential O
rain O
. O

Scores O
after O
three O
rounds O
( O
Britain B-LOC
unless O
stated O
) O
: O

193 O
Ian B-PER
Woosnam I-PER
64 O
64 O
65 O
. O

199 O
Thomas B-PER
Gogele I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
67 O
65 O
67 O
, O
Robert B-PER
Karlsson I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
67 O
62 O
70 O
, O
Ian B-PER
Pyman I-PER
66 O
64 O
69 O
, O
Fernando B-PER
Roca I-PER

( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
66 O
64 O
69 O
. O

200 O
Diego B-PER
Borrego I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
69 O
63 O
68 O
, O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Martin I-PER

( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
66 O
66 O
68 O
. O

201 O
Stephen B-PER
Ames I-PER
( O
Trinidad B-LOC
) O
68 O
65 O
68 O
, O
Roger B-PER
Chapman I-PER
72 O
62 O
67 O
, O

Paul B-PER
Broadhurst I-PER
62 O
70 O
69 O
, O
Stephen B-PER
Field I-PER
66 O
65 O
70 O
, O

Carl B-PER
Suneson I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
65 O
66 O
70 O

202 O
Greg B-PER
Turner I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
70 O
67 O
65 O
, O
Heinz-Peter B-PER
Thul I-PER

( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
70 O
67 O
65 O
, O
Ronan B-PER
Rafferty I-PER
64 O
72 O
66 O
, O
Barry B-PER
Lane I-PER

68 O
67 O
67 O
, O
David B-PER
Carter I-PER
66 O
69 O
67 O
, O
Michael B-PER
Jonzon I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

67 O
67 O
68 O
, O
David B-PER
Williams I-PER
67 O
67 O
68 O

203 O
Lee B-PER
Westwood I-PER
66 O
71 O
66 O
, O
Gary B-PER
Emerson I-PER
68 O
69 O
66 O
, O
Peter B-PER
Baker I-PER

70 O
66 O
67 O
, O
Des B-PER
Smyth I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
66 O
69 O
68 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Lawrie I-PER

66 O
69 O
68 O
, O
Francisco B-PER
Cea I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
68 O
66 O
69 O
, O
Pedro B-PER
Linhart I-PER

( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
67 O
67 O
69 O
, O
Jonathan B-PER
Lomas I-PER
67 O
67 O
69 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Eales I-PER

67 O
68 O
68 O
, O
Raymond B-PER
Russell I-PER
63 O
69 O
71 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
PSV B-ORG
BEAT O
GRONINGEN B-ORG
4-1 O
TO O
PULL O
AWAY O
FROM O
AJAX B-ORG
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Belgian B-MISC
international O
Luc B-PER
Nilis I-PER
scored O
twice O
on O
Sunday O
as O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
came O
from O
behind O
to O
beat O
Groningen B-ORG
4-1 O
in O
Eindhoven B-LOC
. O

PSV B-ORG
and O
Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
are O
the O
only O
unbeaten O
teams O
after O
two O
rounds O
of O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
league O
. O

Defending O
champions O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
were O
defeated O
2-0 O
loss O
away O
to O
Heerenveen B-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

Groningen B-ORG
took O
the O
lead O
in O
the O
seventh O
minute O
when O
Dean B-PER
Gorre I-PER
intercepted O
a O
back O
pass O
from O
Ernest B-PER
Faber I-PER
to O
goalkeeper O
Ronald B-PER
Waterreus I-PER
and O
shot O
home O
. O

Faber B-PER
made O
amends O
in O
the O
32nd O
minute O
when O
he O
headed O
in O
a O
corner O
to O
score O
the O
equaliser O
. O

PSV B-ORG
took O
control O
in O
the O
second O
half O
but O
could O
not O
score O
until O
Groningen B-ORG
striker O
Romano B-PER
Sion I-PER
was O
sent O
off O
in O
the O
58th O
minute O
. O

Five O
minutes O
after O
his O
dimissal O
, O
Nilis B-PER
gave O
PSV B-ORG
the O
lead O
and O
in O
the O
final O
15 O
minutes O
he O
added O
another O
as O
did O
Zeljko B-PER
Petrovic I-PER
. O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
upstaged O
Utrecht B-ORG
1-0 O
despite O
ending O
the O
match O
with O
only O
nine O
men O
following O
the O
dismissal O
of O
defenders O
Raymond B-PER
Atteveld I-PER
and O
Erwin B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Looi I-PER
. O

Gaston B-PER
Taument I-PER
scored O
twice O
and O
newly O
signed O
Argentine B-MISC
Pablo B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
once O
in O
Feyenoord B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
's O
3-0 O
victory O
over O
Volendam B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BELGIAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Results O
of O
Belgian B-MISC
first O

division O
soccer O
matches O
at O
the O
weekend O
: O

Genk B-ORG
1 O
Club B-ORG
Brugge I-ORG
1 O

Harelbeke B-ORG
3 O
Mechelen B-ORG
3 O

Standard B-ORG
Liege I-ORG
3 O
Molenbeek B-ORG
0 O

Anderlecht B-ORG
2 O
Lokeren B-ORG
2 O

Cercle B-ORG
Brugge I-ORG
2 O
Mouscron B-ORG
2 O

Antwerp B-ORG
1 O
Lommel B-ORG
4 O

Ghent B-ORG
3 O
Aalst B-ORG
2 O

Lierse B-ORG
4 O
Charleroi B-ORG
0 O

Sint B-ORG
Truiden I-ORG
3 O
Ekeren B-ORG
1 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Ghent B-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
9 O
5 O
10 O

Standard B-ORG
Liege I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
3 O
9 O

Club B-ORG
Brugge I-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
10 O
4 O
8 O

Mouscron B-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
7 O
4 O
8 O

Anderlecht B-ORG
4 O
1 O
3 O
0 O
9 O
3 O
6 O

Lierse B-ORG
4 O
1 O
3 O
0 O
7 O
3 O
6 O

Antwerp B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
6 O
10 O
6 O

Genk B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
6 O
5 O
5 O

Molenbeek B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
5 O

Harelbeke B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
6 O
7 O
4 O

Aalst B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
4 O

Lokeren B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
5 O
4 O

Ekeren B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
6 O
8 O
4 O

Lommel B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
10 O
4 O

Mechelen B-ORG
4 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
6 O
7 O
3 O

Cercle B-ORG
Brugge I-ORG
4 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
3 O

Charleroi B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
4 O
8 O
3 O

Sint B-ORG
Truiden I-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
4 O
11 O
3 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARIES O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Summary O
of O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
played O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Feyenoord B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
3 O
( O
Sanchez B-PER
27th O
, O
Taument B-PER
44th O
, O
57th O
) O

Volendam B-ORG
0 O
. O

Halftime O
2-0 O
. O

Attendance O
not O
given O
. O

NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
0 O
AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
0 O
. O

Attendance O
not O
given O
. O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
1 O
( O
Van B-PER
Wanrooy I-PER
58th O
) O
Utrecht B-ORG
0 O
. O

Halftime O
0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
7,032 O
. O

Twente B-ORG
Enschede I-ORG
1 O
( O
Hoogma B-PER
30th O
) O
Roda B-ORG
JC I-ORG
Kerkrade I-ORG
1 O
( O
Roelofsen B-PER

28th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-1 O
. O

Attendance O
not O
given O
. O

PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
4 O
( O
Faber B-PER
32nd O
, O
Nilis B-PER
63rd O
79th O
, O
Petrovic B-PER
78th O
) O

Groningen B-ORG
1 O
( O
Gorre B-PER
7th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-1 O
. O

Attendance O
27,500 O

Played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
3 O
( O
Ibrahim B-PER
20th O
63rd O
, O
Godee B-PER
54th O
) O
RKC B-ORG

Waalwijk B-ORG
2 O
( O
Dos B-PER
Santos I-PER
38th O
, O
Van B-PER
Arum I-PER
73th O
penalty O
) O
. O

Halftime O

1-1 O
. O

Attendance O
7,000 O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
0 O
Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
1 O
( O
Hamming B-PER
65th O
) O
. O

Halftime O

0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
7,250 O
. O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
1 O
( O
Arnold B-PER
70th O
) O
Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
0 O
. O

Haldtime O
0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
11,500 O
. O

Heerenveen B-ORG
2 O
( O
Wouden B-PER
53rd O
, O
Dahl B-PER
Tomasson I-PER
74th O
) O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG

0. O
Halftime O
0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
13,500 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
TABLE O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Result O
of O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Feyenoord B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
3 O
Volendam B-ORG
0 O

NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
0 O
AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
0 O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
1 O
Utrecht B-ORG
0 O

Twente B-ORG
Enschede I-ORG
1 O
Roda B-ORG
JC I-ORG
1 O

PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
4 O
Groningen B-ORG
1 O

Played O
on O
Saturday O
: O

Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
3 O
RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
2 O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
0 O
Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
1 O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
1 O
Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
0 O

Heerenveen B-ORG
2 O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
8 O
2 O
6 O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
6 O

Feyenoord B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
4 O

Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
4 O

Twente B-ORG
Enschede I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
4 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
4 O

Heerenveen B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O

Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O

Roda B-ORG
JC I-ORG
Kerkrade I-ORG
2 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
2 O

Utrecht B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
1 O

RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
1 O

Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
1 O

AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
1 O

Volendam B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
1 O

Groningen B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
1 O

NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

DUTCH B-MISC
CAPTAIN O
BLIND B-PER
ENDS O
INTERNATIONAL O
CAREER O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Dutch B-MISC
soccer O
captain O
Danny B-PER
Blind I-PER
has O
decided O
to O
end O
his O
international O
career O
, O
Ajax B-ORG
spokesman O
David B-PER
Endt I-PER
said O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Endt B-PER
told O
Dutch B-MISC
news O
agency O
ANP B-ORG
that O
Blind B-PER
, O
35 O
, O
would O
no O
longer O
be O
available O
for O
selection O
for O
the O
national O
squad O
. O

The O
Ajax B-ORG
defender O
, O
who O
led O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
into O
the O
quarter-finals O
at O
June O
's O
European B-MISC
championship O
finals O
in O
England B-LOC
, O
had O
decided O
to O
devote O
his O
attention O
to O
playing O
for O
his O
Amsterdam B-LOC
club O
, O
Endt B-PER
said O
. O

Blind B-PER
, O
who O
played O
in O
the O
1990 B-MISC
World I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
and O
the O
1992 B-MISC
European I-MISC
championship I-MISC
, O
was O
capped O
42 O
times O
for O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
INDIA B-LOC
BANS O
SIDHU B-PER
FOR O
50 O
DAYS O
. O

NEW B-LOC
DELHI I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Indian B-MISC
opener O
Navjot B-PER
Singh I-PER
Sidhu I-PER
was O
on O
Sunday O
given O
a O
50-day O
ban O
from O
international O
cricket O
for O
quitting O
this O
year O
's O
tour O
of O
England B-LOC
, O
the O
Press B-ORG
Trust I-ORG
of I-ORG
India I-ORG
said O
. O

The O
right-handed O
batsman O
will O
have O
to O
forfeit O
half O
the O
money O
he O
was O
due O
to O
earn O
from O
the O
tour O
, O
the O
news O
agency O
said O
after O
a O
disciplinary O
committee O
set O
up O
by O
the O
Board B-ORG
of I-ORG
Control I-ORG
for I-ORG
Cricket I-ORG
in I-ORG
India I-ORG
met O
at O
Mohali B-LOC
, O
near O
the O
northern O
city O
of O
Chandigarh B-LOC
. O

Sidhu B-PER
abandoned O
the O
Indian B-MISC
team O
after O
the O
third O
one-day O
international O
against O
England B-LOC
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
in O
Manchester B-LOC
on O
May O
26 O
, O
before O
India B-LOC
began O
a O
three-test O
series O
, O
citing O
serious O
differences O
with O
captain O
Mohammed B-PER
Azharuddin I-PER
. O

Azharuddin B-PER
was O
sacked O
after O
the O
tour O
and O
replaced O
by O
Sachin B-PER
Tendulkar I-PER
. O

Sidhu B-PER
was O
not O
considered O
for O
the O
four-nation O
Singer B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
beginning O
in O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
this O
month O
and O
the O
Sahara B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
against O
Pakistan B-LOC
scheduled O
to O
be O
played O
in O
Canada B-LOC
next O
month O
. O

Sidhu B-PER
, O
whose O
ban O
ends O
on O
October O
14 O
, O
will O
be O
free O
to O
play O
domestic O
cricket O
. O

He O
will O
not O
be O
considered O
for O
a O
test O
match O
against O
Australia B-LOC
starting O
on O
October O
10 O
in O
New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
, O
the O
United B-ORG
News I-ORG
of I-ORG
India I-ORG
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
- O
Australian B-MISC
rugby O
league O
standings O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Australian B-MISC
rugby O
league O
premiership O
standings O
after O
matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
points O
for O
, O
against O
, O
total O
points O
) O
: O

Manly B-ORG
21 O
17 O
0 O
4 O
501 O
181 O
34 O

Brisbane B-ORG
21 O
16 O
0 O
5 O
569 O
257 O
32 O

North B-ORG
Sydney I-ORG
21 O
14 O
2 O
5 O
560 O
317 O
30 O

Sydney B-ORG
City I-ORG
20 O
14 O
1 O
5 O
487 O
293 O
29 O

Cronulla B-ORG
20 O
12 O
2 O
6 O
359 O
258 O
26 O

Canberra B-ORG
21 O
12 O
1 O
8 O
502 O
374 O
25 O

St B-ORG
George I-ORG
21 O
12 O
1 O
8 O
421 O
344 O
25 O

Newcastle B-ORG
21 O
11 O
1 O
9 O
416 O
366 O
23 O

Western B-ORG
Suburbs I-ORG
21 O
11 O
1 O
9 O
382 O
426 O
23 O

Auckland B-ORG
21 O
11 O
0 O
10 O
406 O
389 O
22 O

Sydney B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
21 O
11 O
0 O
10 O
309 O
435 O
22 O

Parramatta B-ORG
21 O
10 O
1 O
10 O
388 O
391 O
21 O

Sydney B-ORG
Bulldogs I-ORG
21 O
10 O
0 O
11 O
325 O
356 O
20 O

Illawarra B-ORG
21 O
8 O
0 O
13 O
395 O
432 O
16 O

Western B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
21 O
6 O
1 O
14 O
297 O
398 O
13 O

Penrith B-ORG
21 O
6 O
1 O
14 O
339 O
448 O
13 O

North B-ORG
Queensland I-ORG
21 O
6 O
0 O
15 O
266 O
593 O
12 O

Gold B-ORG
Coast I-ORG
21 O
5 O
1 O
15 O
351 O
483 O
11 O

South B-ORG
Sydney I-ORG
21 O
5 O
1 O
15 O
304 O
586 O
11 O

South B-ORG
Queensland I-ORG
21 O
4 O
0 O
17 O
210 O
460 O
8 O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
relive O
triumph O
. O

PRETORIA B-LOC
, O
Aug O
25 O
- O
Captain O
Sean B-PER
Fitzpatrick I-PER
and O
his O
All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
revisited O
the O
test O
venue O
today O
to O
relive O
some O
of O
the O
magic O
moments O
of O
yesterday O
's O
momentous O
rugby O
victory O
over O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
, O
NZPA B-ORG
reported O
. O

Most O
of O
the O
test O
15 O
who O
beat O
the O
Springboks B-ORG
33-26 O
to O
secure O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
's O
first-ever O
rugby O
series O
in O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
stood O
in O
the O
middle O
of O
the O
empty O
50,000-seat O
Loftus B-LOC
Versfeld I-LOC
. O

Magnificent O
, O
' O
' O
said O
Fitzpatrick B-PER
, O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
's O
most O
capped O
player O
and O
the O
world O
's O
most O
capped O
forward O
. O

The O
players O
relived O
the O
moves O
and O
tries O
, O
the O
tackles O
and O
what O
might O
have O
been O
as O
the O
emotions O
of O
victory O
continued O
. O

Zinzan B-PER
Brooke I-PER
, O
the O
only O
No O
8 O
in O
test O
rugby O
to O
have O
scored O
a O
dropped O
goal O
when O
he O
kicked O
a O
three-pointer O
against O
England B-LOC
during O
last O
year O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
added O
a O
second O
to O
his O
name O
yesterday O
. O

I O
was O
right O
here O
, O
' O
' O
he O
said O
standing O
at O
the O
spot O
where O
he O
had O
received O
the O
ball O
for O
the O
kick O
. O

The O
maul O
was O
there O
and O
I O
was O
going O
to O
go O
in O
but O
I O
thought O
I O
should O
hold O
off O
because O
we O
had O
the O
ball O
. O

When O
( O
halfback O
) O
Justin B-PER
Marshall I-PER
got O
the O
ball O
he O
was O
going O
to O
go O
on O
the O
openside O
where O
Jon B-PER
Preston I-PER
was O
so O
I O
emptied O
my O
lung O
at O
him O
to O
get O
the O
ball O
this O
way O
. O

I O
just O
hit O
through O
and O
I O
was O
punching O
the O
air O
before O
the O
ball O
got O
there O
. O

It O
cost O
me O
a O
few O
bucks O
at O
the O
bar O
. O
' O

' O

The O
decision O
to O
attempt O
a O
dropped O
goal O
was O
a O
spontaneous O
one O
, O
Brooke B-PER
said O
. O

It O
was O
just O
like O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
the O
ball O
came O
and O
the O
chance O
was O
there O
. O
' O

' O

Centre O
Frank B-PER
Bunce I-PER
said O
he O
had O
never O
felt O
so O
exhausted O
during O
a O
match O
. O

We O
were O
gutted O
and O
there O
was O
nowhere O
to O
hide O
, O
they O
just O
kept O
coming O
at O
you O
, O
' O
' O
he O
said O
. O

I O
was O
gone O
in O
the O
first O
20 O
minutes O
, O
completely O
exhausted O
, O
but O
you O
had O
no O
choice O
. O

There O
was O
just O
so O
much O
riding O
on O
it O
. O

It O
's O
amazing O
just O
how O
big O
this O
ground O
was O
yesterday O
. O
' O

' O

Two-try O
winger O
Jeff B-PER
Wilson I-PER
said O
he O
was O
so O
tired O
that O
he O
kept O
asking O
Bunce B-PER
where O
he O
should O
be O
while O
defending O
. O

He O
told O
me O
I O
'm O
buggered O
too O
so O
just O
hang O
in O
there O
' O
, O
' O
' O
Wilson B-PER
recalled O
. O

About O
4000 O
New B-MISC
Zealander I-MISC
supporters O
were O
partying O
into O
the O
early O
hours O
of O
today O
in O
the O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
capital O
. O

Messages O
of O
goodwill O
continued O
to O
roll O
into O
the O
team O
hotel O
. O

All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
coach O
John B-PER
Hart I-PER
said O
Prime O
Minister O
Jim B-PER
Bolger I-PER
rang O
him O
today O
to O
offer O
his O
congratulations O
. O

He O
thanked O
us O
on O
behalf O
of O
the O
country O
, O
which O
is O
really O
nice O
for O
the O
team O
, O
and O
I O
understand O
we O
had O
tremendous O
support O
at O
home O
. O
' O

' O

-DOCSTART- O

Australian B-MISC
Rules I-MISC
- O
AFL B-ORG
results O
and O
standings O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
Australian B-MISC
Rules I-MISC
matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
. O

Played O
Sunday O
: O

Adelaide B-ORG
14.12 O
( O
96 O
) O
Collingwood B-ORG
24 O
. O

9 O
( O
153 O
) O

West B-ORG
Coast I-ORG
24 O
. O

7 O
( O
151 O
) O
Melbourne B-ORG
11.12 O
( O
78 O
) O

Richmond B-ORG
28.19 O
( O
187 O
) O
Fitzroy B-ORG
5 O
. O

6 O
( O
36 O
) O

Played O
Saturday O
: O

Carlton B-ORG
13.18 O
( O
96 O
) O
Footscray B-ORG
9.12 O
( O
66 O
) O

Essendon B-ORG
14.16 O
( O
100 O
) O
Sydney B-ORG
12.10 O
( O
82 O
) O

St B-ORG
Kilda I-ORG
9 O
. O

9 O
( O
63 O
) O
Hawthorn B-ORG
12 O
. O

8 O
( O
80 O
) O

Brisbane B-ORG
10.11 O
( O
71 O
) O
Fremantle B-ORG
10.10 O
( O
70 O
) O

Played O
Friday O
: O

North B-ORG
Melbourne I-ORG
14.12 O
( O
96 O
) O
Geelong B-ORG
16.13 O
( O
109 O
) O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
points O
for O
, O
against O
, O
percentage O
, O
total O
points O
) O
: O

Brisbane B-ORG
21 O
15 O
1 O
5 O
2123 O
1631 O
130.2 O
62 O

Sydney B-ORG
21 O
15 O
1 O
5 O
2067 O
1687 O
122.5 O
62 O

West B-ORG
Coast I-ORG
21 O
15 O
0 O
6 O
2151 O
1673 O
128.6 O
60 O

North B-ORG
Melbourne I-ORG
21 O
15 O
0 O
6 O
2385 O
1873 O
127.3 O
60 O

Carlton B-ORG
21 O
14 O
0 O
7 O
2009 O
1844 O
108.9 O
56 O

Geelong B-ORG
21 O
13 O
1 O
7 O
2288 O
1940 O
117.9 O
54 O

Essendon B-ORG
21 O
13 O
1 O
7 O
2130 O
1947 O
109.4 O
54 O

Richmond B-ORG
21 O
11 O
0 O
10 O
2173 O
1803 O
120.5 O
44 O

Hawthorn B-ORG
21 O
10 O
1 O
10 O
1791 O
1820 O
98.4 O
42 O

St B-ORG
Kilda I-ORG
21 O
9 O
0 O
12 O
1909 O
1958 O
97.5 O
36 O

Collingwood B-ORG
21 O
8 O
0 O
13 O
2103 O
2091 O
100.6 O
32 O

Adelaide B-ORG
21 O
8 O
0 O
13 O
2158 O
2183 O
98.9 O
32 O

Melbourne B-ORG
21 O
7 O
0 O
14 O
1642 O
2361 O
69.5 O
28 O

Fremantle B-ORG
21 O
6 O
0 O
15 O
1673 O
1912 O
87.5 O
24 O

Footscray B-ORG
21 O
5 O
1 O
15 O
1578 O
2060 O
76.6 O
22 O

Fitzroy B-ORG
21 O
1 O
0 O
20 O
1381 O
2778 O
49.7 O
4 O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

Rugby O
league-Australian B-MISC
rugby O
league O
results O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
Australian B-MISC
rugby O
league O
matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
. O

Played O
Sunday O
: O

Sydney B-ORG
Bulldogs I-ORG
17 O
South B-ORG
Queensland I-ORG
16 O
Brisbane B-ORG
38 O
Gold B-ORG
Coast I-ORG
10 O

North B-ORG
Sydney I-ORG
46 O
South B-ORG
Sydney I-ORG
4 O

Illawarra B-ORG
42 O
Penrith B-ORG
2 O

St B-ORG
George I-ORG
20 O
North B-ORG
Queensland I-ORG
24 O

Manly B-ORG
42 O
Western B-ORG
Suburbs I-ORG
12 O

Played O
Saturday O
: O

Parramatta B-ORG
14 O
Sydney B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
26 O

Newcastle B-ORG
24 O
Western B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
20 O

Played O
Friday O
: O

Canberra B-ORG
30 O
Auckland B-ORG
6 O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
yet O
to O
hear O
from O
apartheid O
enforcers O
. O

Anton B-PER
Ferreira I-PER

CAPE B-LOC
TOWN I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
truth O
commission O
begins O
issuing O
subpoenas O
this O
week O
in O
a O
bid O
to O
dig O
beneath O
the O
political O
rationales O
and O
find O
the O
sinister O
figures O
who O
have O
the O
blood O
of O
the O
country O
's O
race O
war O
on O
their O
hands O
. O

Leaders O
of O
the O
major O
parties O
involved O
, O
from O
right-wing O
whites O
to O
radical O
blacks O
, O
appeared O
before O
Archbishop O
Desmond B-PER
Tutu I-PER
's O
Truth B-ORG
and I-ORG
Reconciliation I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
last O
week O
to O
paint O
the O
broad O
picture O
of O
their O
actions O
for O
or O
against O
apartheid O
. O

Most O
, O
including O
former O
president O
F.W. B-PER
de I-PER
Klerk I-PER
and O
African B-ORG
National I-ORG
Congress I-ORG
Deputy O
President O
Thabo B-PER
Mbeki I-PER
, O
offered O
apologies O
for O
any O
mistakes O
they O
had O
made O
and O
accepted O
broad O
responsibility O
for O
the O
actions O
of O
their O
foot O
soldiers O
. O

But O
none O
named O
those O
guilty O
of O
ordering O
or O
carrying O
out O
any O
of O
the O
gross O
violations O
of O
human O
rights O
which O
Tutu B-PER
is O
investigating O
. O

Human O
rights O
lawyer O
Brian B-PER
Currin I-PER
said O
the O
hearings O
last O
week O
were O
not O
intended O
as O
a O
form O
of O
confessional O
and O
that O
those O
who O
personally O
committed O
crimes O
during O
apartheid O
would O
testify O
only O
before O
a O
separate O
arm O
of O
the O
commission O
, O
the O
amnesty O
committee O
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
one O
should O
have O
expected O
more O
than O
what O
one O
got O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

That O
was O
not O
the O
amnesty O
committee O
where O
perpetrators O
are O
expected O
to O
open O
their O
hearts O
and O
souls O
and O
to O
tell O
it O
all O
. O
" O

The O
commission O
, O
which O
has O
the O
power O
to O
grant O
amnesty O
to O
those O
who O
confess O
to O
abuses O
, O
has O
begun O
hearing O
the O
testimony O
from O
people O
already O
in O
jail O
for O
their O
deeds O
. O

But O
others O
, O
such O
as O
self-confessed O
secret O
police O
hit-squad O
leader O
Dirk B-PER
Coetzee I-PER
, O
have O
yet O
to O
testify O
. O

Tutu B-PER
's O
deputy O
chairman O
, O
Alex B-PER
Boraine I-PER
, O
told O
reporters O
the O
commission O
would O
begin O
issuing O
subpoenas O
to O
suspects O
who O
refused O
to O
appear O
voluntarily O
some O
time O
this O
week O
. O

He O
added O
that O
former O
hardline O
apartheid O
president O
P.W. B-PER
Botha I-PER
could O
be O
among O
those O
called O
. O

But O
Currin B-PER
, O
who O
is O
advising O
several O
people O
regarded O
as O
perpetrators O
, O
said O
this O
was O
not O
the O
best O
way O
to O
achieve O
the O
commission O
's O
aims O
. O

" O
A O
person O
can O
be O
forced O
to O
appear O
, O
but O
the O
only O
way O
one O
is O
going O
to O
get O
to O
the O
truth O
in O
its O
totality O
is O
if O
people O
feel O
it O
is O
a O
good O
idea O
to O
go O
to O
the O
amnesty O
committee O
. O

At O
the O
moment O
this O
is O
not O
the O
case O
. O
" O

He O
cited O
Coetzee B-PER
, O
who O
was O
charged O
with O
murder O
after O
confessing O
in O
media O
interviews O
to O
dirty O
tricks O
. O

His O
trial O
is O
due O
to O
start O
in O
December O
but O
the O
truth O
commission O
intends O
to O
decide O
on O
his O
amnesty O
application O
before O
that O
. O

Currin B-PER
said O
the O
law O
had O
to O
be O
changed O
so O
all O
judicial O
prosecutions O
were O
automatically O
suspended O
for O
those O
who O
approached O
the O
truth O
commission O
. O

Last O
week O
's O
submissions O
to O
the O
commission O
by O
the O
ANC B-ORG
, O
de B-PER
Klerk I-PER
's O
National B-ORG
Party I-ORG
and O
the O
right-wing O
Freedom B-ORG
Front I-ORG
of O
General O
Constand B-PER
Viljoen I-PER
left O
many O
South B-MISC
Africans I-MISC
unsatisfied O
. O

Boraine B-PER
said O
the O
picture O
was O
incomplete O
because O
officers O
of O
the O
apartheid-era O
security O
forces O
had O
yet O
to O
make O
their O
scheduled O
, O
separate O
submission O
, O
but O
one O
black O
caller O
to O
a O
radio O
talk O
show O
declared O
: O

" O
This O
whole O
thing O
is O
utterly O
useless O
, O
it O
does O
n't O
help O
us O
at O
all O
. O

What O
the O
people O
expect O
is O
to O
have O
houses O
, O
to O
have O
jobs O
. O
" O

Political O
scientist O
Jannie B-PER
Gagiano I-PER
said O
he O
doubted O
that O
the O
National B-ORG
Party I-ORG
, O
which O
implemented O
apartheid O
in O
1948 O
and O
began O
dismantling O
it O
in O
1990 O
, O
felt O
it O
carried O
a O
burden O
of O
guilt O
and O
needed O
to O
be O
exculpated O
through O
the O
commission O
. O

" O
Therefore O
I O
have O
some O
doubts O
about O
achieving O
some O
form O
of O
reconciliation O
. O

One O
has O
to O
feel O
a O
bit O
guilty O
to O
feel O
the O
need O
for O
reconciling O
yourself O
to O
a O
historical O
adversary O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Professor O
Tom B-PER
Lodge I-PER
of O
the O
University B-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
Witwatersrand I-ORG
demurred O
, O
saying O
: O

" O
In O
the O
irritation O
, O
in O
the O
jokes O
, O
in O
the O
anger O
that O
white O
South B-MISC
Africans I-MISC
express O
about O
the O
commission O
, O
I O
think O
there O
's O
a O
moral O
uneasiness O
, O
and O
I O
think O
that O
's O
healthy O
. O

Responsibility O
is O
percolating O
downwards O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Moslem B-MISC
refugees O
seek O
to O
vote O
in O
Serb-held B-MISC
town O
. O

Samir B-PER
Arnaut I-PER

MATUZICI B-LOC
, O
Bosnia B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Thousands O
of O
Moslem B-MISC
refugees O
denounced O
Bosnia B-LOC
's O
elections O
as O
a O
farce O
on O
Sunday O
because O
Serb B-MISC
incomers O
would O
be O
able O
to O
vote O
in O
their O
old O
home O
town O
, O
cementing O
partition O
of O
the O
country O
. O

They O
said O
they O
were O
ready O
to O
force O
their O
way O
back O
across O
post-war O
ethnic O
lines O
to O
Serb-held B-MISC
Doboj B-LOC
, O
one O
of O
several O
towns O
where O
NATO B-ORG
troops O
fear O
violence O
involving O
refugees O
determined O
to O
vote O
where O
they O
once O
lived O
. O

The O
refugees O
, O
rallying O
in O
Matuzici B-LOC
on O
government O
territory O
two O
km O
from O
Doboj B-LOC
in O
northeast O
Bosnia B-LOC
, O
waved O
banners O
calling O
the O
polls O
a O
farce O
staged O
by O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
and O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
. O
" O

We O
demand O
to O
vote O
in O
Doboj B-LOC
, O
" O
other O
banners O
said O
. O

Bosnia B-LOC
's O
Moslem-led B-MISC
central O
government O
and O
many O
displaced O
Moslems B-MISC
are O
angered O
by O
a O
key O
provision O
of O
the O
Western-organised B-MISC
September O
14 O
elections O
allowing O
people O
to O
vote O
in O
post-war O
" O
new O
places O
of O
residence O
. O
" O

As O
a O
result O
, O
separatist O
Serb B-MISC
authorities O
have O
packed O
former O
Moslem B-MISC
majority O
towns O
with O
refugees O
of O
their O
own O
or O
registered O
other O
Serbs B-MISC
to O
vote O
there O
. O

Critics O
say O
that O
what O
was O
billed O
as O
an O
electoral O
process O
to O
reintegrate O
Bosnia B-LOC
as O
a O
single O
, O
multi-ethnic O
state O
is O
shaping O
up O
as O
a O
referendum O
on O
partition O
, O
de O
facto O
or O
de O
jure O
. O

" O
Only O
our O
physical O
presence O
in O
Doboj B-LOC
will O
mean O
that O
the O
Dayton B-LOC
peace O
treaty O
has O
truly O
been O
implemented O
, O
" O
Edhem B-PER
Efendija I-PER
Camdzic I-PER
, O
Doboj B-LOC
's O
Islamic B-MISC
imam-in-exile O
, O
told O
the O
refugees O
. O

" O
The O
main O
point O
of O
this O
rally O
is O
to O
highlight O
to O
the O
world O
powers O
what O
misfortune O
they O
brought O
upon O
us O
, O
" O
said O
Reuf B-PER
Mehemdagic I-PER
, O
head O
of O
Doboj B-LOC
municipality-in-exile O
. O

" O
Eleven O
thousand O
Serbs B-MISC
who O
came O
from O
elsewhere O
to O
Doboj B-LOC
will O
vote O
there O
. O

How O
can O
we O
then O
expect O
the O
reintegration O
of O
Bosnia B-LOC
? O

But O
no O
one O
will O
stop O
us O
from O
returning O
to O
our O
homes O
. O
" O

Mirhunisa B-PER
Komarica I-PER
, O
a O
government O
refugee O
official O
, O
said O
: O
" O
We O
want O
to O
vote O
where O
we O
were O
thrown O
out O
from O
. O

This O
is O
a O
protest O
of O
warning O
and O
the O
next O
step O
is O
entering O
our O
town O
using O
all O
means O
possible O
, O
so O
let O
them O
shoot O
. O
" O

Bosnian B-MISC
Vice O
President O
Ejup B-PER
Ganic I-PER
, O
a O
Moslem B-MISC
, O
told O
the O
refugees O
: O
" O
We O
have O
a O
message O
for O
the O
Serbs B-MISC
who O
are O
now O
in O
our O
homes O
not O
to O
plan O
the O
future O
of O
their O
children O
there O
because O
there O
will O
be O
no O
good O
fortune O
in O
that O
. O
" O

To O
loud O
applause O
, O
he O
added O
: O
" O
We O
will O
enter O
Doboj B-LOC
, O
untie O
the O
Doboj B-LOC
knot O
and O
ensure O
free O
movement O
for O
all O
. O

We O
have O
to O
enter O
Doboj B-LOC
to O
free O
the O
Serbs B-MISC
from O
their O
own O
( O
separatist O
) O
politics O
. O
" O

The O
Dayton B-LOC
peace O
accords O
guaranteed O
refugees O
the O
right O
to O
return O
to O
their O
homes O
and O
ensured O
freedom O
of O
movement O
across O
ethnic O
lines O
. O

But O
local O
police O
, O
controlled O
by O
nationalist O
parties O
in O
Moslem B-MISC
, O
Serb B-MISC
and O
Croat B-MISC
sectors O
of O
Bosnia B-LOC
, O
and O
civilian O
mobs O
have O
turned O
ceasefire O
lines O
into O
virtually O
impassable O
borders O
. O

The O
majority O
of O
refugees O
from O
Bosnia B-LOC
's O
1992-95 O
war O
are O
Moslems B-MISC
from O
the O
Serb-controlled B-MISC
north O
and O
east O
. O

NATO-led B-MISC
peace O
troops O
beefed O
up O
their O
presence O
in O
the O
Doboj B-LOC
area O
on O
Sunday O
to O
deter O
any O
sudden O
emotional O
attempt O
by O
the O
refugees O
to O
cross O
the O
Inter-Entity B-LOC
Boundary I-LOC
Line I-LOC
into O
Doboj B-LOC
. O

But O
the O
crowd O
dispersed O
without O
incident O
. O

Moslems B-MISC
and O
Serbs B-MISC
have O
scuffled O
several O
times O
along O
the O
line O
in O
the O
past O
when O
Moslem B-MISC
refugees O
tried O
to O
surge O
into O
the O
town O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Eight O
killed O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
casino O
blaze O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Eight O
people O
died O
on O
Sunday O
in O
a O
blaze O
at O
a O
Moscow B-LOC
casino O
which O
the O
fire O
service O
said O
might O
have O
been O
started O
deliberately O
, O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

The O
number O
of O
casinos O
has O
soared O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
since O
the O
collapse O
of O
communism O
. O

The O
mayor O
has O
said O
he O
wants O
to O
cut O
their O
number O
to O
five O
as O
part O
of O
a O
war O
against O
organised O
crime O
. O

President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
signed O
a O
decree O
on O
fighting O
crime O
in O
July O
and O
handed O
wide-ranging O
powers O
to O
security O
chief O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
, O
currently O
engaged O
in O
making O
peace O
in O
breakaway O
Chechnya B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Russian B-MISC
troops O
start O
pullout O
, O
but O
not O
in O
Grozny B-LOC
. O

SHATOI B-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Russian B-MISC
troops O
began O
to O
pull O
out O
from O
southern O
Chechnya B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
under O
a O
ceasefire O
agreement O
between O
Russian B-MISC
security O
chief O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
and O
rebel O
leaders O
. O

But O
in O
the O
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
, O
the O
commander O
of O
Russian B-MISC
Interior O
Ministry O
forces O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
General O
Anatoly B-PER
Shkirko I-PER
, O
told O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
he O
was O
delaying O
a O
pullout O
of O
troops O
there O
after O
a O
group O
of O
Chechens B-MISC
disarmed O
an O
armoured O
column O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
cameraman O
Liutauras B-PER
Stremaitis I-PER
said O
a O
column O
of O
around O
40 O
vehicles O
, O
including O
tanks O
, O
armoured O
personnel O
carriers O
, O
artillery O
cannons O
and O
lorries O
, O
escorted O
by O
Chechen B-MISC
rebels O
, O
pulled O
out O
of O
the O
village O
of O
Shatoi B-LOC
towards O
the O
border O
, O
around O
50 O
km O
( O
31 O
miles O
) O
to O
the O
north O
. O

In O
Grozny B-LOC
, O
Shkirko B-PER
told O
Interfax B-ORG
he O
was O
suspending O
the O
pullout O
of O
troops O
from O
the O
capital O
until O
weapons O
seized O
by O
the O
Chechens B-MISC
were O
returned O
. O

Chechen B-MISC
rebel O
spokesman O
Movladi B-PER
Udugov I-PER
confirmed O
the O
weapons O
had O
been O
seized O
but O
that O
it O
was O
a O
maverick O
group O
of O
Chechens B-MISC
. O

He O
said O
later O
that O
the O
rebels O
had O
handed O
them O
over O
. O

The O
pullout O
of O
the O
Russian B-MISC
troops O
is O
a O
key O
element O
of O
the O
peace O
plan O
brokered O
by O
Lebed B-PER
, O
which O
aims O
to O
end O
the O
20-month O
Chechnya B-LOC
conflict O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Leftist O
Mexican B-MISC
armed O
group O
says O
troops O
in O
capital O
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

The O
leftist O
Popular B-ORG
Revolutionary I-ORG
Army I-ORG
( O
EPR B-ORG
) O
in O
a O
published O
report O
on O
Sunday O
said O
it O
operated O
throughout O
Mexico B-LOC
, O
including O
the O
capital O
, O
and O
denied O
government O
assertions O
it O
was O
isolated O
to O
one O
state O
. O

Commanders O
" O
Vicente B-PER
" O
and O
" O
Oscar B-PER
" O
, O
guarded O
by O
a O
dozen O
EPR B-ORG
gunmen O
, O
said O
in O
an O
interview O
with O
La B-ORG
Jornada I-ORG
outside O
Mexico B-LOC
City I-LOC
that O
the O
armed O
group O
was O
committed O
to O
overthrowing O
the O
government O
. O

" O
They O
( O
government O
officials O
) O
want O
to O
present O
us O
before O
public O
opinion O
as O
a O
local O
problem O
, O
as O
just O
being O
from O
Guerrero B-LOC
and O
as O
irrational O
radicals O
, O
" O
Commander O
Oscar B-PER
told O
La B-ORG
Jornada I-ORG
. O

They O
said O
the O
ERP B-ORG
, O
whose O
fighters O
first O
appeared O
wearing O
military O
fatigues O
and O
brandishing O
assault O
rifles O
in O
the O
southwestern O
state O
of O
Guerrero B-LOC
on O
June O
28 O
, O
had O
a O
23,000-strong O
membership O
, O
but O
this O
could O
not O
be O
confirmed O
independently O
. O

La B-ORG
Jornada I-ORG
also O
reported O
on O
Sunday O
that O
the O
Mexican B-ORG
Army I-ORG
has O
discovered O
a O
37-page O
, O
EPR B-ORG
manual O
detailing O
guerrilla O
tactics O
and O
strategies O
. O

It O
quoted O
the O
manual O
as O
saying O
: O
" O
The O
objective O
of O
the O
Basic O
Course O
on O
War O
is O
to O
provide O
for O
combatants O
of O
the O
EPR B-ORG
basic O
military O
knowledge O
for O
the O
armed O
conflict O
against O
the O
police O
and O
military O
apparatus O
of O
the O
bourgeoisie O
. O
" O

It O
was O
the O
second O
time O
armed O
" O
commanders O
" O
of O
the O
EPR B-ORG
have O
granted O
interviews O
outside O
Guerrero B-LOC
state O
, O
an O
extremely O
poor O
and O
volatile O
region O
where O
leftist O
protesters O
often O
have O
clashed O
violently O
with O
authorities O
. O

Unlike O
the O
better O
known O
and O
unrelated O
Zapatista B-ORG
rebels O
in O
southeastern O
Chiapas B-LOC
state O
, O
the O
EPR B-ORG
has O
never O
taken O
on O
the O
army O
in O
direct O
combat O
, O
according O
to O
official O
reports O
. O

There O
have O
only O
been O
a O
few O
skirmishes O
in O
Guerrero B-LOC
in O
which O
a O
handful O
of O
police O
, O
soldiers O
and O
civilians O
have O
been O
killed O
or O
injured O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ten O
people O
gunned O
down O
in O
northwest O
Colombia B-LOC
. O

BOGOTA B-LOC
, O
Colombia B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Unidentified O
gunmen O
dragged O
10 O
men O
out O
ot O
their O
homes O
in O
a O
rural O
area O
of O
Colombia B-LOC
's O
northwest O
province O
of O
Antioquia B-LOC
and O
shot O
them O
to O
death O
, O
authorities O
said O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Police O
said O
the O
killings O
occurred O
on O
Saturday O
morning O
in O
the O
municipality O
of O
Anza B-LOC
but O
news O
of O
the O
massacre O
only O
reached O
the O
provincial O
capital O
of O
Medellin B-LOC
early O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Anza B-LOC
is O
only O
20 O
miles O
( O
30 O
km O
) O
west O
of O
Medellin B-LOC
, O
but O
there O
are O
no O
roads O
linking O
it O
directly O
to O
the O
city O
. O

Police O
initially O
said O
leftist O
Revolutionary B-ORG
Armed I-ORG
Forces I-ORG
of I-ORG
Colombia I-ORG
( O
FARC B-ORG
) O
rebels O
were O
prime O
suspects O
in O
the O
killings O
. O

But O
gunmen O
of O
the O
left O
and O
right O
have O
killed O
with O
impunity O
across O
Antioquia B-LOC
for O
years O
, O
and O
there O
were O
unconfirmed O
reports O
that O
the O
latest O
bloodshed O
was O
the O
work O
of O
a O
right-wing O
paramilitary O
group O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Port O
of O
Tauranaga B-LOC
year O
profit O
climbs O
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Year O
to O
June O
30 O
. O

( O
million O
NZ$ B-MISC
unless O
stated O
) O

Net O
profit O
9.050 O
vs O
6.03 O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
Thai B-MISC
border O
police O
wounded O
by O
Burma B-LOC
gunmen O
. O

MAE B-LOC
SOT I-LOC
, O
Thailand B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Two O
Thai B-MISC
border O
policemen O
were O
seriously O
wounded O
on O
Sunday O
when O
members O
of O
a O
Burmese B-MISC
rebel O
splinter O
faction O
ambushed O
their O
patrol O
in O
northwest O
Thailand B-LOC
, O
security O
officers O
said O
. O

The O
two O
were O
wounded O
in O
the O
early O
hours O
of O
Sunday O
when O
some O
30 O
members O
of O
the O
Democratic B-ORG
Karen I-ORG
Buddhist I-ORG
Army I-ORG
( O
DKBA B-ORG
) O
ambushed O
their O
patrol O
on O
the O
Thai B-MISC
side O
of O
the O
border O
with O
Burma B-LOC
, O
to O
the O
north O
of O
the O
town O
of O
Mae B-LOC
Sot I-LOC
. O

The O
Thai B-MISC
army O
commander O
in O
the O
area O
, O
Col O
Suvit B-PER
Maenmuan I-PER
, O
told O
reporters O
the O
DKBA B-ORG
, O
which O
is O
allied O
with O
the O
Rangoon B-LOC
military O
government O
and O
based O
in O
southeast O
Burma B-LOC
, O
had O
recently O
stepped O
up O
cross-border O
infiltration O
. O

Suvit B-PER
said O
the O
motive O
for O
their O
intrusions O
was O
not O
clear O
but O
he O
had O
ordered O
reinforcements O
to O
beef O
up O
security O
along O
the O
porous O
frontier O
. O

The O
DKBA B-ORG
was O
formed O
in O
late O
1994 O
by O
hundreds O
of O
guerrillas O
who O
split O
from O
the O
anti-Rangoon B-MISC
Karen B-ORG
National I-ORG
Union I-ORG
( O
KNU B-ORG
) O
and O
allied O
themselves O
with O
Burmese B-MISC
government O
army O
, O
their O
former O
enemies O
. O

DKBA B-ORG
members O
have O
since O
launched O
intermittent O
cross-border O
attacks O
on O
Karen B-MISC
refugee O
camps O
in O
Thailand B-LOC
, O
where O
the O
majority O
of O
inhabitants O
are O
KNU B-ORG
supporters O
, O
and O
on O
Thai B-MISC
villages O
and O
police O
posts O
near O
the O
border O
. O

Bangkok B-LOC
has O
complained O
to O
Rangoon B-LOC
about O
the O
raids O
but O
Burmese B-MISC
military O
authorities O
say O
they O
have O
no O
contol O
over O
the O
faction O
. O

Thai B-MISC
army O
commanders O
reject O
the O
explanation O
, O
saying O
they O
have O
evidence O
the O
Burmese B-MISC
army O
supplies O
and O
directs O
the O
renegade O
ethnic O
minority O
splinter O
faction O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
F-14 B-MISC
catches O
fire O
while O
landing O
in O
Israel B-LOC
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

A O
U.S. B-LOC
fighter O
plane O
blew O
a O
tyre O
and O
caught O
fire O
while O
landing O
on O
Sunday O
at O
Israel B-LOC
's O
Ben B-LOC
Gurion I-LOC
airport O
, O
an O
airport O
spokesman O
said O
. O

" O
A O
U.S. B-LOC
F-14 B-MISC
military O
plane O
while O
landing O
at O
Ben B-LOC
Gurion I-LOC
airport O
blew O
a O
wheel O
and O
a O
fire O
broke O
out O
, O
" O
said O
spokesman O
Yehiel B-PER
Amitai I-PER
, O
adding O
that O
the O
two O
pilots O
on O
board O
were O
not O
injured O
. O

" O
Airport O
officials O
declared O
an O
emergency O
situation O
at O
the O
highest O
level O
and O
the O
fire O
brigade O
put O
out O
the O
flames O
while O
the O
plane O
was O
landing O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Egypt B-LOC
hopes O
jars O
will O
reveal O
secrets O
of O
mummies O
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Archaeologists O
in O
Egypt B-LOC
have O
found O
pots O
used O
by O
ancient O
Egyptians B-MISC
in O
burial O
rites O
that O
they O
say O
may O
reveal O
the O
secrets O
of O
mummification O
. O

Mohammed B-PER
Saleh I-PER
, O
director O
of O
the O
Egyptian B-MISC
Museum O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
television O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
team O
found O
the O
pots O
, O
some O
of O
which O
contain O
human O
intestines O
, O
in O
a O
tomb O
built O
into O
the O
rocks O
while O
digging O
in O
Dahshour B-LOC
, O
a O
village O
40 O
km O
( O
25 O
miles O
) O
south O
of O
Cairo B-LOC
. O

Dahshour B-LOC
is O
the O
site O
of O
Egypt B-LOC
's O
second O
largest O
pyramid O
, O
built O
for O
the O
pharaoh O
Seneferu B-PER
more O
than O
4,500 O
years O
ago O
. O

Saleh B-PER
said O
the O
team O
-- O
from O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
's O
Metropolitan B-LOC
Museum I-LOC
-- O
found O
four O
Canopic B-MISC
jars O
and O
two O
unguent O
jars O
in O
the O
tomb O
, O
which O
belongs O
to O
an O
unidentifed O
person O
who O
lived O
during O
the O
12th B-MISC
Dynasty I-MISC
( O
1991-1786 O
BC B-MISC
) O
in O
the O
Middle B-LOC
Kingdom I-LOC
. O

" O
This O
finding O
is O
important O
because O
one O
of O
the O
jars O
still O
contains O
substances O
and O
materials O
used O
in O
the O
conservation O
of O
mummies O
and O
the O
conservation O
of O
the O
intestines O
and O
all O
the O
things O
which O
were O
in O
the O
cavity O
of O
a O
person O
we O
have O
not O
identified O
yet O
, O
" O
Saleh B-PER
said O
. O

" O
We O
hope O
that O
the O
analysis O
of O
such O
substances O
and O
liquids O
will O
reveal O
some O
secrets O
of O
the O
mummification O
process O
and O
materials O
used O
in O
this O
process O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
executes O
Pakistani B-MISC
man O
. O

DUBAI B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
executed O
on O
Sunday O
a O
Pakistani B-MISC
man O
accused O
of O
belonging O
to O
an O
armed O
gang O
of O
robbers O
, O
Saudi B-MISC
television O
reported O
. O

It O
quoted O
an O
Interior B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
statement O
as O
saying O
Shabir B-PER
Ahmad I-PER
Muhammad I-PER
Jalil I-PER
was O
executed O
in O
Mecca B-LOC
. O

He O
was O
the O
26th O
person O
executed O
this O
year O
in O
the O
kingdom O
. O

Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
beheads O
convicted O
drug O
smugglers O
, O
rapists O
, O
murderers O
and O
other O
criminals O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Jordan B-LOC
- O
Aug O
25 O
. O

AMMAN B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

These O
are O
some O
of O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Jordanian B-MISC
press O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

JORDAN B-ORG
TIMES I-ORG

- O
King O
: O
Jordan B-LOC
is O
entering O
a O
new O
era O
. O

No O
going O
back O
on O
democracy O
; O
attempts O
to O
tamper O
with O
security O
and O
stability O
will O
not O
be O
tolerated O
. O

Information O
Minister O
Marwan B-PER
Muasher I-PER
says O
there O
is O
evidence O
that O
" O
some O
official O
parties O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
" O
were O
behind O
the O
disturbances O
in O
the O
south O
. O

- O
King O
to O
visit O
Bahrain B-LOC
soon O
. O

- O
Government O
asks O
senior O
Iraqi B-MISC
" O
diplomat O
" O
to O
leave O
, O
reviews O
status O
of O
others O
. O

- O
Japanese B-MISC
foreign O
minister O
arrives O
for O
talks O
on O
peace O
process O
, O
bilateral O
ties O
. O

AL B-ORG
RAI I-ORG

- O
Prime O
Minister O
Abdul-Karim B-PER
al-Kabariti I-PER
says O
government O
commited O
to O
lifting O
ceiling O
of O
democracy O
. O

- O
Saudi B-MISC
Prince O
Sultan O
telephones O
prime O
minister O
. O

- O
Jordan B-LOC
releases O
32 O
from O
southern O
town O
of O
Karak B-LOC
. O

- O
Jordan B-LOC
expresses O
anger O
at O
conduct O
of O
some O
Iraqi B-MISC
diplomats O
in O
Amman B-LOC
which O
are O
incompatible O
with O
diplomatic O
traditions O
. O

AD B-ORG
DUSTOUR I-ORG

- O
Kabariti B-PER
and O
parliament O
speaker O
meet O
to O
discuss O
ways O
to O
reactivate O
parliament O
's O
legislative O
role O
. O

AL B-ORG
ASWAQ I-ORG

- O
State O
security O
court O
starts O
investigating O
suspects O
in O
unrest O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Netanyahu B-PER
, O
Weizman B-PER
consult O
on O
Arafat B-PER
invitation O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Israeli B-MISC
President O
Ezer B-PER
Weizman I-PER
, O
weighing O
a O
possible O
meeting O
with O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
, O
consulted O
on O
Sunday O
with O
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
, O
a O
spokesman O
said O
. O

Weizman B-PER
and O
Netanyahu B-PER
met O
at O
the O
president O
's O
official O
Jerusalem B-LOC
residence O
and O
planned O
to O
speak O
to O
the O
media O
at O
the O
end O
of O
their O
talks O
, O
the O
prime O
minister O
's O
spokesman O
said O
. O

Earlier O
, O
the O
director O
of O
the O
president O
's O
office O
denied O
a O
report O
in O
Israel B-LOC
's O
Yedioth B-ORG
Ahronoth I-ORG
newspaper O
that O
Weizman B-PER
had O
already O
invited O
Arafat B-PER
to O
his O
private O
home O
for O
talks O
in O
the O
coming O
week O
on O
the O
future O
of O
the O
Israel-PLO B-MISC
peace O
process O
. O

But O
the O
official O
, O
Aryeh B-PER
Shumer I-PER
, O
said O
it O
was O
only O
fitting O
that O
Weizman B-PER
and O
Arafat B-PER
should O
talk O
after O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
leader O
sent O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
president O
a O
letter O
which O
Yedioth B-ORG
Ahronoth I-ORG
reported O
contained O
an O
emotional O
appeal O
to O
save O
the O
peace O
proces O
. O

The O
newspaper O
said O
Netanyahu B-PER
, O
who O
is O
cool O
to O
meeting O
Arafat B-PER
himself O
, O
opposed O
talks O
between O
Weizman B-PER
and O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
president O
. O

After O
Moslem B-MISC
suicide O
bombers O
killed O
59 O
people O
in O
Israel B-LOC
in O
February O
and O
March O
, O
Weizman B-PER
called O
for O
peace O
efforts O
with O
the O
PLO B-ORG
to O
be O
suspended O
. O

Shumer B-PER
said O
his O
current O
position O
was O
that O
the O
peace O
process O
must O
continue O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Israel B-LOC
- O
Aug O
25 O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

These O
are O
some O
of O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
Israeli B-MISC
newspapers O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

HAARETZ B-ORG

- O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Arafat B-PER
opens O
civilian O
struggle O
against O
Israel B-LOC
, O
calls O
on O
Palestinians B-MISC
to O
build O
in O
self-rule O
areas O
. O

- O
Seven O
ministers O
and O
governor O
of O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Israel I-ORG
will O
visit O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
at O
the O
end O
of O
September O
and O
in O
October O
. O

- O
Israel B-LOC
bans O
plane O
donated O
by O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
to O
Arafat B-PER
to O
land O
at O
Gaza B-LOC
airport O
. O

- O
Former O
prime O
minister O
Peres B-PER
to O
Morocco B-LOC
today O
. O

YEDIOTH B-ORG
AHRONOTH I-ORG

- O
Israeli B-MISC
President O
Weizman B-PER
invited O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Arafat B-PER
to O
meet O
him O
at O
his O
private O
residence O
. O

- O
Netanyahu B-PER
opposes O
transit O
camps O
for O
foreign O
workers O
facing O
expulsion O
. O

- O
Foreign O
Minister O
Levy B-PER
to O
visit O
Egypt B-LOC
soon O
. O

MAARIV B-ORG

- O
Palestinian B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
has O
taken O
over O
education O
in O
East B-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
. O

- O
Syrian B-MISC
armoured O
columns O
on O
the O
move O
in O
Lebanon B-LOC
. O

- O
Shimon B-PER
Peres I-PER
to O
Morocco B-LOC
, O
will O
stay O
at O
king O
's O
private O
residence O
. O

JERUSALEM B-ORG
POST I-ORG

- O
Palestinian B-MISC
Minister O
Erekat B-PER
says O
Israel-PLO B-MISC
talks O
will O
begin O
by O
September O
2 O
. O

- O
Prime O
minister O
names O
former O
general O
Avraham B-PER
Tamir I-PER
to O
staff O
after O
failing O
to O
establish O
national O
security O
council O
. O

- O
Cabinet O
puts O
off O
decision O
on O
foreign O
workers O
. O

- O
Internal O
Security O
Minister O
Kahalani B-PER
warns O
cabinet O
of O
increase O
in O
organised O
crime O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Voting O
begins O
in O
second O
round O
of O
Lebanese B-MISC
election O
. O

TRIPOLI B-LOC
, O
Lebanon B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Voting O
began O
on O
Sunday O
in O
north O
Lebanon B-LOC
in O
the O
second O
round O
of O
parliamentary O
elections O
with O
580,000 O
voters O
eligible O
to O
choose O
28 O
members O
of O
the O
128-member O
parliament O
. O

A O
thin O
trickle O
of O
voters O
began O
casting O
their O
ballots O
in O
this O
northern O
port O
city O
for O
the O
five O
rival O
lists O
of O
candidates O
as O
polling O
stations O
opened O
at O
7 O
a.m. O
( O
0400 O
gmt O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Israeli B-MISC
president O
invites O
Arafat B-PER
to O
home O
- O
paper O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Israeli B-MISC
President O
Ezer B-PER
Weizman I-PER
has O
invited O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
to O
meet O
him O
at O
his O
private O
home O
, O
Israel B-LOC
's O
biggest O
newspaper O
said O
on O
Sunday O
. O

The O
Yedioth B-ORG
Ahronoth I-ORG
daily O
reported O
that O
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
, O
who O
has O
said O
he O
has O
no O
desire O
to O
hold O
talks O
with O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
president O
, O
opposes O
the O
meeting O
due O
to O
be O
held O
this O
coming O
week O
. O

The O
newspaper O
said O
Weizman B-PER
scheduled O
the O
meeting O
at O
his O
private O
residence O
in O
the O
central O
Israeli B-MISC
village O
of O
Caesarea B-LOC
after O
Arafat B-PER
sent O
him O
an O
emotional O
appeal O
" O
to O
save O
the O
peace O
process O
" O
. O

Netanyahu B-PER
met O
Weizman B-PER
last O
Tuesday O
and O
voiced O
his O
opposition O
, O
Yedioth B-ORG
said O
. O

" O
I O
am O
prepared O
to O
postpone O
the O
meeting O
under O
one O
condition O
-- O
that O
you O
give O
me O
a O
commitment O
right O
now O
to O
meet O
Arafat B-PER
yourself O
within O
10 O
days O
, O
" O
the O
paper O
quoted O
Weizman B-PER
as O
telling O
Netanyahu B-PER
. O

It O
said O
Netanyahu B-PER
had O
yet O
to O
give O
Weizman B-PER
an O
answer O
. O

The O
office O
of O
Israeli B-MISC
president O
is O
largely O
ceremonial O
. O

But O
Weizman B-PER
, O
a O
former O
defence O
minister O
and O
an O
architect O
of O
Israel B-LOC
's O
peace O
treaty O
with O
Egypt B-LOC
, O
has O
spoken O
out O
frequently O
on O
the O
peace O
process O
with O
the O
Palestinians B-MISC
-- O
at O
times O
urging O
the O
former O
Labour B-ORG
government O
to O
slow O
it O
down O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Corporate O
America B-LOC
taking O
new O
view O
on O
compensation O
. O

Anne B-PER
Murray I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-23 O

Corporate O
America B-LOC
is O
planning O
major O
changes O
in O
employee O
compensation O
in O
the O
next O
few O
years O
, O
according O
to O
a O
recent O
study O
. O

What O
it O
comes O
down O
to O
is O
this O
: O
If O
you O
're O
highly O
skilled O
, O
you O
'll O
benefit O
nicely O
. O

But O
if O
you O
're O
not O
and O
cannot O
contribute O
to O
your O
employer O
's O
goals O
, O
you O
'll O
be O
paid O
less O
. O

The O
survey O
, O
conducted O
in O
late O
1995 O
and O
the O
early O
part O
of O
this O
year O
by O
management O
consulting O
firm O
Towers B-ORG
Perrin I-ORG
, O
showed O
that O
the O
focus O
will O
be O
on O
an O
employee O
's O
overall O
value O
to O
the O
company O
's O
bottom O
line O
-- O
rather O
than O
how O
well O
an O
employee O
performs O
a O
specific O
task O
. O

Presently O
, O
for O
example O
, O
if O
an O
accountant O
's O
job O
involves O
doing O
five O
specific O
tasks O
, O
he O
or O
she O
can O
expect O
a O
certain O
salary O
, O
said O
Sandra B-PER
O'Neal I-PER
, O
a O
Towers B-ORG
Perrin I-ORG
principal O
. O

In O
the O
future O
, O
the O
accountant O
will O
be O
evaluated O
solely O
on O
" O
knowledge O
, O
skill O
and O
abilities O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

In O
addition O
to O
using O
accounting O
skills O
, O
the O
accountant O
will O
also O
have O
to O
be O
creative O
, O
work O
well O
in O
a O
team O
, O
be O
sensitive O
to O
customer O
needs O
and O
set O
productivity O
goals O
. O

" O
The O
good O
news O
is O
, O
if O
you O
're O
highly O
skilled O
and O
have O
many O
abilities O
, O
you O
'll O
be O
paid O
more O
, O
" O
said O
O'Neal B-PER
. O

" O
The O
bad O
news O
is O
, O
if O
you O
're O
not O
skilled O
and O
ca O
n't O
contribute O
to O
a O
team O
, O
to O
customer O
service O
and O
the O
organisation O
's O
goals O
, O
you O
'll O
be O
paid O
less O
. O
" O

Of O
the O
750 O
mid-to-large O
size O
corporations O
surveyed O
, O
81 O
percent O
had O
undergone O
a O
major O
restructuring O
in O
the O
last O
three O
years O
, O
and O
more O
than O
two-thirds O
reported O
that O
productivity O
and O
profits O
were O
up O
as O
result O
. O

Next O
on O
the O
agenda O
for O
these O
firms O
is O
developing O
a O
new O
compensation O
structure O
, O
and O
78 O
percent O
report O
that O
they O
are O
considering O
a O
new O
, O
skills-based O
plan O
for O
both O
management O
and O
non-management O
employees O
. O

This O
coming O
shift O
, O
O'Neal B-PER
said O
, O
" O
is O
not O
just O
isolated O
or O
a O
fad O
. O

It O
's O
an O
inexorable O
change O
. O
" O

After O
World B-MISC
War I-MISC
II I-MISC
, O
corporations O
adopted O
a O
" O
military O
model O
" O
creating O
hierarchical O
organisations O
where O
" O
the O
concept O
of O
defined O
tasks O
worked O
great O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

But O
as O
the O
economy O
became O
global O
, O
customers O
were O
more O
demanding O
and O
problems O
became O
more O
complex O
. O

" O
Multi-layers O
kept O
management O
at O
a O
distance O
from O
its O
customers O
, O
" O
O'Neal B-PER
said O
. O

Now O
organisations O
must O
change O
to O
stay O
competitive O
. O

O'Neal B-PER
says O
firms O
will O
place O
a O
greater O
emphasis O
on O
teams O
and O
team O
performance O
in O
giving O
raises O
. O

If O
your O
team O
does O
well O
, O
you O
'll O
do O
well O
. O

If O
it O
does O
n't O
do O
well O
, O
do O
n't O
expect O
a O
raise O
. O

Is O
this O
fair O
to O
an O
employee O
who O
can O
go O
the O
distance O
but O
is O
on O
a O
team O
that O
ca O
n't O
keep O
up O
? O

" O
That O
's O
an O
important O
question O
we O
used O
to O
ask O
a O
lot O
, O
" O
said O
O'Neal B-PER
. O
" O

It O
's O
not O
a O
question O
we O
ask O
any O
more O
. O

The O
more O
important O
question O
is O
-- O
' O
Do O
we O
have O
results O
? O
' O

" O

To O
get O
those O
results O
, O
27 O
percent O
of O
the O
companies O
surveyed O
plan O
to O
eliminate O
base O
pay O
increases O
in O
favour O
of O
cash O
bonuses O
and O
incentives O
, O
such O
as O
employee O
and O
team O
award O
programmes O
and O
education O
. O

Companies O
that O
can O
change O
their O
culture O
and O
view O
employees O
as O
business O
partners O
will O
do O
well O
, O
O'Neal B-PER
said O
. O

For O
example O
, O
the O
survey O
rated O
some O
participants O
in O
the O
survey O
as O
" O
high-performing O
" O
companies O
, O
based O
on O
their O
return O
on O
equity O
above O
16 O
percent O
. O

Those O
companies O
also O
said O
they O
already O
offer O
employees O
variable O
pay O
and O
business O
education O
, O
give O
their O
managers O
more O
control O
over O
pay O
decisions O
and O
celebrate O
employee O
and O
team O
success O
. O

" O
They O
respect O
employees O
more O
, O
they O
trust O
employees O
more O
and O
they O
value O
their O
employees O
more O
, O
" O
O'Neal B-PER
said O
. O

" O
The O
key O
to O
success O
at O
high-performance O
companies O
is O
engaging O
employees O
in O
a O
business O
partnership O
. O

It O
will O
improve O
a O
company O
's O
bottom O
line O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Belgian B-MISC
police O
arrest O
detective O
in O
Dutroux B-PER
affair O
. O

Geert B-PER
de I-PER
Clercq I-PER

NEUFCHATEAU B-LOC
, O
Belgium B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Investigators O
arrested O
a O
senior O
police O
detective O
on O
Sunday O
in O
connection O
with O
their O
inquiries O
into O
Belgium B-LOC
's O
child O
sex O
scandal O
, O
Public O
Prosecutor O
Michel B-PER
Bourlet I-PER
said O
. O

" O
Georges B-PER
Zicot I-PER
was O
arrested O
and O
will O
be O
charged O
with O
truck O
theft O
, O
insurance O
fraud O
and O
document O
forgery O
, O
" O
Bourlet B-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
. O

He O
said O
there O
had O
been O
searches O
at O
three O
sites O
on O
Sunday O
, O
including O
one O
at O
the O
Charleroi B-LOC
judicial O
police O
headquarters O
where O
Zicot B-PER
worked O
. O

Zicot B-PER
, O
45 O
, O
is O
a O
specialist O
in O
tackling O
vehicle O
theft O
. O

Belgian B-MISC
media O
reported O
that O
he O
had O
been O
questioned O
twice O
in O
the O
past O
two O
years O
about O
thefts O
but O
released O
both O
times O
. O

He O
was O
promoted O
to O
chief O
detective O
earlier O
this O
year O
. O

Bourlet B-PER
said O
two O
other O
people O
had O
also O
been O
arrested O
. O

One O
was O
Gerard B-PER
Pignon I-PER
, O
the O
owner O
of O
a O
warehouse O
where O
stolen O
vehicles O
were O
allegedly O
stored O
. O

The O
other O
was O
insurer O
Thierry B-PER
Dehaan I-PER
. O

Bourlet B-PER
said O
the O
investigation O
into O
the O
vehicle O
theft O
ring O
would O
be O
added O
to O
the O
inquiry O
into O
the O
paedophile O
sex O
scandal O
in O
which O
five O
other O
people O
have O
already O
been O
arrested O
. O

He O
said O
the O
connection O
was O
through O
Bernard B-PER
Weinstein I-PER
, O
an O
accomplice O
of O
convicted O
child O
rapist O
Marc B-PER
Dutroux I-PER
-- O
the O
central O
figure O
in O
the O
paedophile O
scandal O
that O
has O
sent O
shockwaves O
across O
Europe B-LOC
. O

Weinstein B-PER
was O
found O
dead O
last O
weekend O
alongside O
the O
bodies O
of O
eight-year-olds O
Julie B-PER
Lejeune I-PER
and O
Melissa B-PER
Russo I-PER
in O
a O
house O
belonging O
to O
Detroux B-PER
, O
who O
said O
they O
starved O
to O
death O
earlier O
this O
year O
, O
nine O
months O
after O
being O
abducted O
in O
June O
1995 O
. O

Two O
other O
girls O
have O
been O
rescued O
and O
police O
are O
hunting O
for O
at O
least O
two O
more O
who O
Dutroux B-PER
has O
admitted O
kidnapping O
a O
year O
ago O
. O

" O
Dutroux B-PER
has O
admitted O
killing O
Weinstein B-PER
after O
a O
disagreement O
between O
the O
accomplices O
in O
an O
affair O
of O
truck O
theft O
, O
" O
Bourlet B-PER
said O
. O

Another O
four O
people O
were O
also O
questioned O
at O
the O
weekend O
but O
had O
not O
been O
detained O
, O
Bourlet B-PER
added O
. O

Anne B-PER
Thily I-PER
, O
public O
prosecutor O
in O
the O
eastern O
city O
of O
Liege B-LOC
where O
Julie B-PER
and O
Melissa B-PER
lived O
, O
said O
this O
was O
a O
major O
case O
involving O
some O
50 O
investigators O
-- O
including O
two O
from O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
Federal B-ORG
Bureau I-ORG
of I-ORG
Investigation I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

French B-MISC
1997 O
budget O
due O
around O
September O
10 O
- O
Juppe B-PER
. O

BREGANCON B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Prime O
Minister O
Alain B-PER
Juppe I-PER
said O
on O
Sunday O
the O
draft O
1997 O
budget O
and O
plans O
for O
funding O
the O
social O
security O
system O
would O
be O
pubished O
around O
September O
10 O
. O

" O
The O
texts O
are O
practically O
ready O
, O
" O
he O
told O
reporters O
after O
a O
weekend O
of O
talks O
with O
President O
Jacques B-PER
Chirac I-PER
in O
a O
Riviera B-LOC
fortress O
. O

The O
budget O
had O
been O
widely O
expected O
a O
week O
or O
so O
later O
. O

-- O
Paris B-LOC
newsroom O
+331 O
4221 O
5452 O

-DOCSTART- O

19 O
die O
as O
bus O
falls O
in O
river O
in O
Pakistani B-LOC
Kashmir I-LOC
. O

MUZAFFARABAD B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

A O
bus O
fell O
from O
a O
mountain O
road O
into O
a O
river O
in O
Pakistan-ruled B-MISC
Azad B-LOC
( I-LOC
free I-LOC
) I-LOC
Kashmir I-LOC
on O
Sunday O
, O
killing O
at O
least O
19 O
people O
and O
injuring O
11 O
, O
police O
said O
. O

They O
said O
dead O
included O
five O
refugees O
from O
the O
Indian-ruled B-MISC
part O
of O
Kashmir B-LOC
, O
where O
Moslem B-MISC
militants O
have O
waged O
a O
separatist O
revolt O
since O
early O
1990 O
. O

The O
police O
said O
14 O
of O
the O
45 O
passengers O
on O
the O
bus O
died O
instantly O
when O
the O
vehicle O
fell O
into O
Kunar B-LOC
river O
from O
a O
narrow O
road O
leading O
from O
the O
state O
capital O
Muzaffarabad B-LOC
to O
the O
nearby O
Pakistani B-MISC
town O
of O
Garhi B-LOC
Habibullah I-LOC
northwest O
. O

Five O
people O
died O
later O
in O
hospital O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

North B-MISC
Afghan I-MISC
highway O
opening O
put O
off O
, O
radio O
says O
. O

ISLAMABAD B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

The O
planned O
reopening O
of O
Afghanistan B-LOC
's O
main O
northern O
Salang B-LOC
highway O
as O
a O
result O
of O
peace O
talks O
with O
an O
opposition O
alliance O
has O
been O
put O
off O
until O
Wednesday O
, O
official O
Kabul B-ORG
Radio I-ORG
said O
on O
Sunday O
. O

The O
embattled O
Afghan B-MISC
government O
said O
last O
week O
that O
the O
Kabul-Salang B-LOC
highway O
would O
be O
opened O
on O
Monday O
or O
Tuesday O
following O
talks O
with O
the O
Supreme B-ORG
Coordination I-ORG
Council I-ORG
alliance I-ORG
led O
by O
Jumbish-i-Milli B-ORG
movement O
of O
powerful O
opposition O
warlord O
General O
Abdul B-PER
Rashid I-PER
Dostum I-PER
. O

The O
radio O
said O
on O
Sunday O
the O
postponement O
of O
the O
opening O
had O
been O
made O
due O
to O
" O
precautions O
" O
. O

It O
did O
not O
elaborate O
. O

The O
Salang B-LOC
highway O
, O
Afghanistan B-LOC
's O
main O
route O
to O
Central B-LOC
Asia I-LOC
, O
has O
been O
controlled O
by O
Dostum B-PER
since O
he O
began O
fighting O
President O
Burhanuddin B-PER
Rabbani I-PER
's O
government O
in O
Kabul B-LOC
in O
January O
1994 O
in O
alliance O
with O
Hezb-i-Islami B-ORG
party O
leader O
Gulbuddin B-PER
Hekmatyar I-PER
, O
then O
prime O
minister O
but O
rival O
to O
the O
president O
. O

Hekmatyar B-PER
rejoined O
the O
government O
as O
prime O
minister O
last O
June O
under O
a O
peace O
pact O
with O
Rabbani B-PER
and O
has O
since O
been O
trying O
to O
persuade O
other O
opposition O
factions O
to O
follow O
suit O
. O

Earlier O
this O
month O
, O
Jumbish B-PER
denied O
a O
Kabul B-LOC
government O
statement O
that O
the O
two O
sides O
had O
agreed O
to O
a O
ceasefire O
in O
the O
north O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Students O
burn O
Hasina B-PER
effigy O
, O
battle O
police O
. O

Anis B-PER
Ahmed I-PER

DHAKA B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Students O
backed O
by O
opposition O
parties O
battled O
police O
and O
burned O
an O
effigy O
of O
Prime O
Minister O
Sheikh O
Hasina B-PER
during O
a O
strike O
in O
the O
north O
Bangladeshi B-MISC
town O
of O
Bogra B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
. O

The O
strikers O
barricaded O
streets O
, O
attacked O
the O
local O
office O
of O
the O
ruling O
Awami B-ORG
League I-ORG
, O
fought O
running O
battles O
with O
police O
and O
set O
alight O
hundreds O
of O
copies O
of O
the O
popular O
" O
Janakantha B-ORG
" O
newspaper O
, O
alleging O
it O
was O
pro-government O
. O

Police O
used O
batons O
and O
teargas O
to O
try O
to O
disperse O
students O
who O
were O
throwing O
stones O
and O
home-made O
bombs O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

The O
strike O
, O
called O
by O
the O
main O
opposition O
Bangladesh B-ORG
Nationalist I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
BNP B-ORG
) O
, O
to O
denounce O
the O
deaths O
of O
four O
students O
killed O
by O
police O
over O
the O
last O
few O
days O
, O
coincided O
with O
a O
visit O
to O
the O
area O
by O
Hasina B-PER
. O

Local O
officials O
said O
one O
policeman O
was O
killed O
by O
gunshots O
during O
clashes O
with O
pro-opposition O
students O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Hasina B-PER
told O
a O
cross O
section O
of O
people O
at O
the O
Bogra B-LOC
police O
headquarters O
on O
Sunday O
that O
the O
government O
had O
already O
suspended O
three O
police O
officers O
and O
ordered O
a O
judicial O
probe O
into O
the O
violent O
incidents O
. O

The O
prime O
minister O
offered O
financial O
grants O
to O
the O
families O
of O
those O
killed O
, O
ordered O
the O
best O
possible O
medical O
care O
for O
the O
injured O
and O
urged O
Bogra B-LOC
residents O
to O
call O
off O
the O
strike O
. O

Opposition O
legislators O
walked O
out O
of O
parliament O
in O
Dhaka B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
denouncing O
" O
unprecedented O
police O
barbarity O
" O
against O
opposition O
students O
and O
supporters O
. O

They O
renewed O
their O
call O
for O
the O
resignation O
of O
Home O
( O
Interior O
) O
Minister O
Rafiqul B-PER
Islam I-PER
. O

Hundreds O
of O
police O
raided O
the O
Dhaka B-LOC
university O
on O
Sunday O
, O
arresting O
nearly O
30 O
outsiders O
who O
had O
been O
living O
in O
student O
dormitories O
and O
seizing O
weapons O
, O
university O
officials O
said O
. O

Police O
stormed O
ten O
residence O
halls O
on O
the O
campus O
, O
flushed O
out O
people O
at O
gunpoint O
and O
searched O
their O
baggage O
. O

They O
seized O
revolvers O
, O
sawn-off O
rifles O
, O
shotguns O
and O
knives O
. O

The O
students O
were O
later O
allowed O
to O
return O
. O

The O
swoop O
followed O
the O
resignation O
of O
the O
university O
's O
Vice-Chancellor O
Dr. O
Emajuddin B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
on O
Saturday O
over O
the O
deteriorating O
law O
and O
order O
situation O
on O
the O
campus O
. O

Authorities O
closed O
down O
the O
28,000-student O
university O
on O
Wednedsay O
following O
gunbattles O
between O
students O
and O
police O
. O

Police O
said O
they O
fought O
armed O
activists O
from O
the O
BNP B-ORG
, O
headed O
by O
former O
prime O
minister O
Begum B-PER
Khaleda I-PER
Zia I-PER
. O

Hasina B-PER
told O
police O
the O
home O
ministry O
had O
already O
given O
a O
" O
blanket O
order O
" O
to O
arrest O
terrorists O
and O
possessors O
of O
illegal O
firearms O
irrespective O
of O
their O
political O
identities O
. O

Nearly O
100 O
students O
have O
been O
injured O
in O
the O
clashes O
in O
Dhaka B-LOC
and O
Bogra B-LOC
, O
police O
told O
reporters O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

16 O
die O
as O
bus O
crashes O
in O
Pakistani B-LOC
Kashmir I-LOC
. O

MUZAFFARABAD B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

At O
least O
16 O
people O
were O
killed O
and O
several O
injured O
on O
Sunday O
when O
a O
bus O
fell O
from O
a O
mountain O
road O
into O
a O
ravine O
on O
a O
river O
bank O
in O
Pakistan-ruled B-MISC
Azad B-LOC
( I-LOC
free I-LOC
) I-LOC
Kashmir I-LOC
, O
police O
said O
. O

They O
said O
14 O
out O
of O
45 O
passengers O
on O
the O
bus O
died O
instantly O
when O
the O
vehicle O
fell O
from O
the O
narrow O
road O
while O
on O
its O
way O
from O
the O
state O
capital O
Muzaffarabad B-LOC
to O
the O
nearby O
Pakistani B-MISC
town O
of O
Garhi B-LOC
Habibullah I-LOC
in O
the O
northwest O
. O

Two O
died O
later O
in O
hospital O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FEATURE O
- O
Fertile O
Ukraine B-LOC
faces O
drought O
of O
cash O
and O
rain O
. O

Irene B-PER
Marushko I-PER

BATKIVSHCHYNA B-LOC
COLLECTIVE I-LOC
FARM I-LOC
, O
Ukraine B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Four O
shiny O
new O
green-and-yellow O
John B-PER
Deere I-PER
combines O
parked O
at O
this O
1,750-hectare O
( O
4,325-acre O
) O
farm O
in O
the O
grain-growing O
regions O
south O
of O
Kiev B-LOC
do O
n't O
fill O
its O
chief O
agronomist O
with O
enthusiasm O
. O

" O
They O
did O
a O
good O
job O
this O
year O
, O
but O
they O
need O
good O
diesel O
and O
good O
engine O
oil O
, O
" O
said O
Ivan B-PER
Odnosum I-PER
. O
" O

God B-PER
help O
us O
if O
there O
is O
a O
breakdown O
, O
" O
he O
said O
of O
the O
machinery O
, O
loaned O
to O
the O
farm O
after O
the O
Ukrainian B-MISC
government O
bought O
it O
earlier O
this O
year O
. O

The O
country O
's O
grain O
harvest O
this O
year O
is O
forecast O
to O
fall O
by O
more O
than O
23 O
percent O
to O
only O
28 O
million O
tonnes O
and O
two O
harsh O
factors O
are O
to O
blame O
. O

A O
drought O
scoured O
the O
steppes O
in O
May O
and O
June O
, O
stunting O
the O
growing O
wheat O
. O

And O
the O
farming O
sector O
, O
making O
the O
painful O
transition O
from O
Soviet B-MISC
central O
planning O
to O
a O
market O
economy O
simply O
has O
no O
money O
. O

Ukraine B-LOC
's O
black O
soil O
is O
so O
fertile O
that O
a O
diplomat O
described O
it O
as O
" O
rich O
enough O
to O
grow O
rubber O
boots O
" O
. O

But O
recently O
Ukraine B-LOC
has O
been O
losing O
its O
reputation O
as O
a O
breadbasket O
of O
Europe B-LOC
, O
earned O
in O
the O
years O
before O
brutal O
forced O
collectivisation O
under O
Soviet B-MISC
dictator O
Josef B-PER
Stalin I-PER
. O

" O
The O
wheat O
will O
not O
be O
of O
a O
good O
quality O
this O
year O
, O
" O
said O
Hryhory B-PER
Borsuk I-PER
, O
a O
scientist O
at O
the O
Mironivka B-ORG
Wheat I-ORG
Institute I-ORG
, O
run O
by O
the O
Ukrainian B-ORG
Academy I-ORG
of I-ORG
Agrarian I-ORG
Sciences I-ORG
. O

" O
The O
temperature O
on O
the O
ground O
reached O
62 O
decrees O
Celsius B-MISC
( O
143.60 O
Fahrenheit O
) O
this O
summer O
. O

We O
've O
never O
seen O
anything O
so O
bad O
, O
" O
he O
said O
in O
an O
interview O
in O
his O
office O
, O
unlit O
since O
the O
government O
cut O
off O
electricity O
because O
of O
unpaid O
power O
bills O
. O

The O
harvest O
is O
gathered O
in O
the O
dry O
areas O
, O
but O
rainfall O
in O
Western B-LOC
Ukraine I-LOC
has O
delayed O
harvesting O
there O
. O

While O
Mironivka B-ORG
's O
scientists O
, O
some O
unpaid O
for O
months O
, O
carry O
on O
developing O
new O
strains O
of O
wheat O
resistant O
to O
Ukraine B-LOC
's O
extreme O
continental O
climate O
, O
Borsuk B-PER
said O
the O
lack O
of O
cash O
in O
Ukraine B-LOC
's O
agricultural O
sector O
is O
as O
bad O
as O
the O
drought O
. O

Collective O
farms O
and O
Ukraine B-LOC
's O
nascent O
private O
farming O
sector O
have O
no O
money O
for O
fertiliser O
, O
no O
money O
for O
herbicides O
and O
pesticides O
, O
no O
money O
to O
repair O
old O
or O
buy O
new O
machinery O
, O
no O
money O
for O
fuel O
, O
and O
none O
to O
buy O
good O
seed O
. O

This O
year O
's O
harvest O
is O
down O
from O
last O
year O
's O
36.5 O
million O
tonne O
harvest O
, O
which O
in O
turn O
compares O
with O
50 O
million O
tonnes O
in O
1990 O
, O
the O
year O
before O
independence O
. O

The O
decline O
is O
all O
the O
worse O
for O
people O
who O
recall O
wasteful O
Soviet B-MISC
times O
, O
when O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
imported O
grain O
but O
priced O
bread O
so O
cheaply O
that O
people O
bought O
it O
to O
feed O
their O
pigs O
. O

" O
Agriculture O
is O
very O
expensive O
, O
and O
there O
are O
no O
solutions O
to O
our O
problems O
on O
the O
horizon O
, O
" O
said O
Odnosum B-PER
. O

He O
said O
his O
farm O
, O
its O
260 O
workers O
now O
readying O
the O
fields O
for O
winter O
wheat O
sowing O
, O
expected O
the O
land O
to O
yield O
5.2 O
tonnes O
per O
hectare O
( O
2.5 O
acres O
) O
but O
ended O
up O
with O
3.9 O
tonnes O
-- O
still O
better O
than O
the O
national O
average O
of O
2.11 O
tonnes O
per O
hectare O
this O
year O
. O

" O
We O
did O
not O
have O
money O
for O
fertiliser O
, O
we O
're O
in O
debt O
for O
fuel O
, O
and O
we O
're O
borrowing O
diesel O
, O
" O
Odnosum B-PER
said O
. O

A O
few O
kilometres O
( O
miles O
) O
down O
the O
two-lane O
road O
which O
passes O
Odnosum B-PER
's O
farm O
, O
where O
the O
occasional O
horse-drawn O
buggy O
passes O
by O
, O
is O
the O
1,700-hectare O
( O
4,200-acre O
) O
Shevchenko B-PER
collective O
farm O
, O
built O
next O
to O
a O
village O
still O
neat O
and O
tidy O
despite O
post-Soviet B-MISC
decay O
. O

Chief O
Accountant O
Natalya B-PER
Sypron I-PER
said O
the O
collective O
is O
strapped O
for O
cash O
, O
earlier O
this O
year O
bartering O
220 O
tonnes O
of O
grain O
for O
diesel O
to O
fuel O
six O
rickety O
grain O
combines O
and O
tractors O
badly O
in O
need O
of O
repairs O
and O
basic O
maintenance O
. O

The O
average O
family O
earns O
160-200 O
million O
karbovanets O
a O
year O
( O
$ O
800 O
- O
$ O
1,000 O
) O
-- O
but O
many O
have O
not O
been O
paid O
in O
months O
, O
Soprun B-PER
said O
. O
" O

People O
are O
working O
out O
of O
their O
own O
dedication O
. O
" O

Borsuk B-PER
said O
the O
farm O
sector O
has O
two O
options O
: O
" O
We O
can O
sit O
down O
and O
cry O
, O
or O
we O
can O
do O
something O
. O
" O

He O
said O
the O
government O
plans O
to O
increase O
the O
sowing O
of O
the O
winter O
wheat O
which O
will O
be O
harvested O
next O
year O
. O

Planted O
in O
late O
summer O
and O
early O
autumn O
, O
the O
grain O
is O
Ukraine B-LOC
's O
largest O
export O
item O
and O
traditionally O
grows O
better O
than O
summer O
wheat O
in O
Ukraine B-LOC
's O
soil O
. O

Further O
plans O
, O
he O
said O
, O
called O
for O
full O
provision O
of O
resources O
like O
fertiliser O
and O
herbicides O
for O
25 O
percent O
of O
Ukraine B-LOC
's O
arable O
land O
next O
year O
, O
for O
50 O
percent O
in O
1998 O
and O
100 O
percent O
of O
the O
land O
in O
1999 O
. O

" O
If O
we O
follow O
this O
we O
'll O
be O
able O
to O
sell O
10 O
million O
tonnes O
of O
grain O
by O
the O
year O
2000 O
, O
" O
Borkus B-PER
said O
. O

The O
government O
has O
been O
trying O
to O
phase O
out O
huge O
subsidies O
to O
the O
farm O
sector O
, O
and O
in O
a O
move O
back O
to O
pre-Soviet B-MISC
days O
has O
given O
up O
to O
50 O
hectares O
( O
124 O
acres O
) O
of O
land O
to O
some O
36,000 O
private O
farmers O
willing O
to O
go O
it O
alone O
. O

Collective O
farms O
will O
last O
for O
the O
next O
few O
years O
, O
because O
most O
private O
farms O
now O
only O
produce O
enough O
to O
feed O
themselves O
with O
maybe O
a O
little O
extra O
to O
sell O
, O
said O
one O
private O
farmer O
: O
" O
In O
the O
future O
, O
maybe O
, O
but O
it O
's O
better O
not O
to O
hurry O
. O

" O
Collectivisation O
brought O
us O
a O
lot O
of O
pain O
. O

And O
it O
went O
too O
fast O
. O

Privatising O
too O
quickly O
can O
also O
have O
a O
negative O
outcome O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Gencor B-ORG
swells O
profit O
despite O
setbacks O
. O

Melanie B-PER
Cheary I-PER

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Gencor B-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
on O
Monday O
said O
it O
had O
swelled O
its O
year O
attributable O
profit O
and O
streamlined O
operations O
to O
strengthen O
it O
for O
the O
current O
financial O
year O
despite O
a O
variety O
of O
divisional O
setbacks O
. O

Announcing O
the O
group O
's O
results O
for O
the O
year O
ended O
June O
30 O
, O
chairman O
Brian B-PER
Gilbertson I-PER
said O
: O
" O
Happily O
the O
strong O
improvement O
in O
financial O
performance O
is O
not O
an O
illusion O
arising O
from O
the O
recent O
weakness O
of O
the O
rand O
relative O
to O
the O
dollar O
. O
" O

Gencor B-ORG
raised O
attributable O
earnings O
to O
1,803 O
million O
rand O
from O
1,003 O
million O
rand O
previously O
- O
in O
dollar O
terms O
an O
increase O
to O
$ O
469 O
million O
from O
$ O
279 O
million O
- O
and O
won O
despite O
the O
group O
's O
Impala B-ORG
Platinum I-ORG
Holdings I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
posting O
dismal O
results O
. O

" O
Not O
everything O
has O
gone O
well O
. O

We O
've O
had O
substantial O
production O
difficulties O
at O
a O
number O
of O
our O
operations O
. O

The O
most O
obvious O
one O
with O
the O
greatest O
effect O
on O
the O
corporation O
was O
at O
Impala B-ORG
where O
we O
had O
the O
furnace O
failure O
, O
" O
Gilbertson B-PER
said O
. O

Implats B-ORG
posted O
year O
attributable O
profit O
of O
176 O
million O
rand O
from O
281 O
million O
previously O
. O

Not O
only O
did O
the O
company O
lock O
in O
3.92 O
rand O
per O
dollar O
in O
February O
/ O
March O
, O
but O
it O
suffered O
output O
losses O
due O
to O
a O
furnace O
shutdown O
last O
August O
. O

The O
rand O
was O
last O
bid O
at O
4.5350 O
against O
the O
dollar O
. O

Nor O
was O
Implats B-ORG
the O
only O
operation O
to O
fail O
output O
targets O
. O

Ingwe B-ORG
Coal I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
was O
hit O
hard O
by O
heavy O
rains O
. O

It O
forfeited O
nearly O
one O
million O
tonnes O
of O
production O
to O
flooding O
at O
its O
mines O
in O
Mpumulanga B-LOC
province O
. O

But O
Gilbertson B-PER
said O
the O
greatest O
gloom O
in O
the O
year O
came O
from O
the O
European B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
's O
blocking O
of O
Implats B-ORG
' O
proposed O
merger O
with O
Lonrho B-ORG
Plc I-ORG
's O
platinum O
interests O
. O

" O
The O
big O
disappointment O
for O
the O
year O
was O
the O
failure O
of O
the O
platinum O
merger O
. O

From O
Gencor B-ORG
's O
perspective O
we O
are O
taking O
the O
position O
that O
it O
is O
not O
on O
, O
" O
Gilbertson B-PER
said O
. O

Looking O
ahead O
to O
the O
current O
financial O
year O
, O
he O
said O
that O
Gencor B-ORG
would O
boost O
earnings O
further O
. O

" O
Gencor B-ORG
is O
well O
placed O
to O
take O
up O
the O
challenges O
of O
the O
future O
. O

The O
group O
is O
soundly O
structured O
and O
prudently O
financed O
and O
is O
blessed O
with O
an O
excellent O
portfolio O
of O
world-class O
businesses O
. O

I O
think O
we O
can O
look O
forward O
to O
further O
growth O
" O
. O

Citing O
the O
disposal O
of O
Gencor B-ORG
's O
stake O
in O
industrial O
holdings O
group O
Malbak B-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
for O
one O
billion O
rand O
among O
other O
smaller O
disposals O
, O
Gilbertson B-PER
said O
Gencor B-ORG
had O
pruned O
its O
portfolio O
to O
concentrate O
on O
core O
assets O
. O

" O
We O
've O
tried O
to O
clean O
up O
our O
overall O
portfolio O
by O
disposing O
of O
non-core O
assets O
. O

The O
biggest O
of O
those O
was O
Malbak B-ORG
. O

Overall O
a O
very O
substantial O
pruning O
... O

leaving O
Gencor B-ORG
clearly O
structured O
along O
commodity O
lines O
, O
" O
Gilbertson B-PER
said O
. O

He O
added O
that O
the O
group O
still O
had O
about O
85 O
million O
rand O
after O
tax O
invested O
in O
various O
shares O
, O
which O
were O
market O
for O
disposal O
when O
required O
. O

Referring O
to O
Gencor B-ORG
's O
increased O
41.5 O
percent O
stake O
in O
Ingwe B-ORG
, O
Gilbertson B-PER
said O
the O
group O
would O
wait O
for O
coal O
shares O
to O
be O
cheaper O
before O
considering O
snapping O
up O
more O
. O

" O
I O
think O
we O
would O
have O
liked O
to O
have O
more O
of O
Ingwe B-ORG
but O
it O
's O
the O
question O
of O
adding O
value O
. O

When O
we O
bought O
the O
shares O
we O
bought O
... O

at O
quite O
a O
bit O
lower O
than O
the O
price O
is O
now O
... O

maybe O
if O
we O
just O
wait O
another O
few O
years O
for O
the O
next O
downturn O
in O
coal O
. O
" O

Finally O
, O
Gilbertson B-PER
said O
a O
growing O
proportion O
of O
Gencor B-ORG
's O
income O
was O
coming O
from O
offshore O
and O
unlisted O
investments O
. O

-- O
Johannesburg B-LOC
newsroom O
+27 O
11 O
482-1003 O

-DOCSTART- O

Advanced B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
buying O
IVAC B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
. O

SAN B-LOC
DIEGO I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Advanced B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
said O
Monday O
it O
will O
buy O
IVAC B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
Systems I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
, O
a O
former O
Eli B-ORG
Lilly I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O

unit O
, O
for O
about O
$ O
400 O
million O
in O
cash O
, O
creating O
one O
of O
the O
world O
's O
largest O
makers O
of O
intravenous O
infusion O
therapy O
products O
. O

Under O
the O
agreement O
, O
IVAC B-ORG
and O
Advanced B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
's O
wholly O
owned O
subsidiary O
, O
IMED B-ORG
Corp. I-ORG
, O
will O
merge O
to O
form O
a O
new O
company O
that O
will O
develop O
and O
manufacture O
infusion O
pumps O
that O
regulate O
the O
amount O
of O
intravenous O
fluid O
being O
administered O
to O
a O
patient O
, O
as O
well O
as O
proprietary O
disposable O
products O
. O

The O
combined O
company O
will O
have O
estimated O
revenues O
of O
$ O
353 O
million O
. O

Advanced B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
, O
through O
IMED B-ORG
, O
is O
already O
one O
of O
the O
nation O
's O
largest O
developers O
and O
manufacturers O
of O
intravenous O
infusion O
pumps O
and O
proprietary O
disposable O
products O
. O

It O
has O
sales O
in O
38 O
foreign O
countries O
. O

San B-MISC
Diego-based I-MISC
IVAC B-ORG
is O
a O
major O
provider O
of O
infusion O
systems O
and O
related O
technologies O
to O
the O
health-care O
industry O
. O

It O
has O
manufacturing O
plants O
in O
San B-LOC
Diego I-LOC
; O
Creedmoor B-LOC
, O
N.C. B-LOC
; O
Hampshire B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
; O
and O
Tijuana B-LOC
, O
Mexico B-LOC
, O
and O
distributes O
its O
prodcuts O
in O
more O
than O
120 O
countries O
. O

Eli B-ORG
Lilly I-ORG
sold O
IVAC B-ORG
on O
Dec. O
31 O
, O
1994 O
to O
DLJ B-ORG
Merchant I-ORG
Banking I-ORG
Partners I-ORG
LP I-ORG
, O
River B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
and O
other O
investors O
. O

Advanced B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
said O
it O
expects O
to O
take O
an O
unspecified O
one-time O
charge O
to O
pay O
for O
the O
merger O
. O

It O
did O
not O
say O
when O
the O
charge O
would O
be O
taken O
. O

" O
The O
addition O
of O
IVAC B-ORG
is O
expected O
to O
contribute O
to O
financial O
results O
in O
the O
full O
second O
quarter O
of O
1997 O
, O
" O
the O
companies O
said O
. O

The O
merger O
will O
add O
to O
both O
companies O
' O
historical O
leadership O
in O
infusion O
therapy O
and O
technology-based O
drug O
delivery O
devices O
, O
they O
said O
. O

In O
1968 O
, O
IVAC B-ORG
introduced O
the O
world O
's O
first O
infusion O
therapy O
monitoring O
device O
. O

A O
year O
later O
IVAC B-ORG
improved O
its O
system O
with O
the O
addition O
of O
an O
IV O
pump O
that O
regulated O
the O
flow O
of O
liquids O
through O
positive O
pressure O
. O

IMED B-ORG
introduced O
the O
world O
's O
first O
volumetric O
infusion O
pump O
in O
1974 O
. O

IMED B-ORG
had O
profits O
of O
$ O
1.7 O
million O
, O
or O
6 O
cents O
per O
fully O
diluted O
common O
share O
, O
on O
$ O
53.9 O
million O
in O
revenues O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
1996 O
. O

Excluding O
the O
effect O
of O
a O
one-time O
restructuring O
charge O
of O
$ O
17.4 O
million O
, O
IVAC B-ORG
had O
net O
income O
of O
$ O
4.2 O
million O
on O
net O
sales O
of O
$ O
112.8 O
million O
for O
the O
1996 O
first O
half O
. O

Advanced B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
reported O
profits O
of O
$ O
8.4 O
million O
on O
sales O
of O
$ O
29.2 O
million O
in O
the O
quarter O
ended O
June O
30 O
. O

William B-PER
J. I-PER
Mercer I-PER
, O
IVAC B-ORG
president O
and O
chief O
executive O
officer O
, O
will O
become O
the O
president O
and O
CEO O
of O
Advanced B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
. O

He O
led O
the O
transition O
of O
IVAC B-ORG
to O
a O
privately O
held O
company O
and O
was O
previously O
senior O
vice O
president O
at O
Mallinckrodt B-ORG
Group I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

Joseph B-PER
Kuhn I-PER
, O
Advanced B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
and O
IMED B-ORG
president O
, O
will O
become O
the O
new O
company O
's O
executive O
vice O
president O
and O
chief O
financial O
officer O
. O

The O
deal O
is O
expected O
to O
close O
by O
the O
first O
quarter O
of O
1997 O
, O
subject O
to O
regulatory O
approval O
. O

It O
has O
already O
been O
approved O
by O
both O
companies O
' O
boards O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dow B-MISC
rises O
on O
Philip B-ORG
Morris I-ORG
, O
other O
stocks O
lower O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The O
Dow B-MISC
Jones I-MISC
industrial O
average O
opened O
slightly O
higher O
on O
Monday O
, O
boosted O
by O
Philip B-ORG
Morris I-ORG
, O
which O
gained O
four O
to O
92 O
. O

Other O
shares O
were O
slightly O
lower O
, O
mirroring O
bonds O
. O

The O
Dow B-MISC
was O
up O
eight O
to O
5,731 O
, O
while O
the O
NASDAQ B-MISC
Index I-MISC
was O
off O
fractionally O
to O
1,143 O
and O
the O
S&P B-MISC
Index I-MISC
down O
one O
to O
666 O
. O

New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
advances O
lagged O
declines O
by O
476/698 O
while O
NASDAQ B-MISC
advances O
led O
declines O
837/763 O
. O

The O
30-year O
U.S. B-ORG
Treasury I-ORG
bond O
was O
off O
2/32 O
to O
yield O
6.96 O
percent O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
- O
ST B-ORG
HELENS I-ORG
CLINCH O
SUPER O
LEAGUE O
TITLE O
. O

ST B-LOC
HELENS I-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
completed O
their O
first O
league O
and O
Challenge B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
double O
in O
30 O
years O
on O
Monday O
when O
they O
thrashed O
Warrington B-ORG
66-14 O
to O
clinch O
the O
inaugural O
Super B-MISC
League I-MISC
title O
. O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
secured O
the O
two O
points O
they O
needed O
in O
the O
last O
game O
of O
the O
season O
at O
Knowsley B-LOC
Road I-LOC
to O
win O
their O
first O
championship O
since O
1975 O
and O
their O
first O
double O
since O
1966 O
. O

In O
rain-soaked O
conditions O
, O
centre O
Alan B-PER
Hunte I-PER
grabbed O
a O
hat-trick O
of O
tries O
, O
while O
Tommy B-PER
Martyn I-PER
, O
Anthony B-PER
Sullivan I-PER
and O
Paul B-PER
Newlove I-PER
each O
scored O
two O
. O

Captain O
and O
goalkicker O
Bobbie B-PER
Goulding I-PER
scored O
18 O
points O
. O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
's O
triumph O
marked O
the O
end O
of O
Wigan B-ORG
's O
seven-year O
reign O
as O
British B-MISC
champions O
. O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
needed O
to O
win O
on O
Monday O
to O
take O
the O
title O
-- O
a O
defeat O
or O
draw O
would O
have O
allowed O
Wigan B-ORG
their O
eighth O
consecutive O
championship O
. O

They O
were O
also O
the O
toast O
of O
London B-ORG
Broncos I-ORG
, O
who O
managed O
to O
scrape O
into O
the O
top O
four O
ahead O
of O
Warrington B-ORG
and O
qualify O
for O
the O
end-of-season O
play-offs O
. O

Bradford B-ORG
finished O
third O
. O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
have O
now O
set O
their O
sights O
on O
taking O
the O
treble O
by O
winning O
the O
end-of-season O
premiership O
which O
begins O
with O
next O
Sunday O
's O
semifinal O
against O
London B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RALLYING O
- O
1,000 B-MISC
LAKES I-MISC
RALLY I-MISC
RESULT O
/ O
WORLD O
CHAMPIONSHIP O
STANDINGS O
. O

JYVASKLYA B-LOC
, O
Finland B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Result O
of O
the O
1,000 B-MISC

Lakes B-MISC
Rally I-MISC
which O
ended O
on O
Monday O
: O

1. O
Tommi B-PER
Makinen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Mitsubishi B-MISC
Lancer I-MISC
4 O
hours O
4 O
minutes O

13 O
seconds O

2. O
Juha B-PER
Kankkunen I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
46 O
seconds O
behind O

3. O
Jarmo B-PER
Kytolehto I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Ford B-MISC
Escort I-MISC
2:37 O

4. O
Marcus B-PER
Gronholm I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
2:42 O

5. O
Kenneth B-PER
Eriksson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
Subaru B-MISC
Impreza I-MISC
3:22 O

6. O
Thomas B-PER
Radstrom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
4.09 O

7. O
Sebastian B-PER
Lindholm I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Ford B-MISC
Escort I-MISC
5:17 O

8. O
Lasse B-PER
Lampi I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
Mitsubishi B-MISC
Lancer I-MISC
12:01 O

9. O
Rui B-PER
Madeira I-PER
( O
Portugal B-LOC
) O
Toyota B-MISC
Celica I-MISC
16:34 O

10. O
Angelo B-PER
Medeghini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Subaru B-MISC
Impreza I-MISC
18:28 O

-DOCSTART- O

RALLYING O
- O
MAKINEN B-PER
STEPS O
UP O
TITLE O
BID O
WITH O
LAKES B-MISC
WIN O
. O

JYVASKYLA B-LOC
, O
Finland B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Tommi B-PER
Makinen I-PER
took O
a O
significant O
step O
towards O
becoming O
world O
rally O
champion O
with O
a O
brilliant O
victory O
in O
the O
1000 B-MISC
Lakes I-MISC
Rally I-MISC
on O
Monday O
. O

Mitsubishi B-ORG
driver O
Makinen B-PER
stopped O
experienced O
fellow O
Finn B-MISC
Juha B-PER
Kankkunen I-PER
in O
his O
tracks O
on O
the O
final O
day O
of O
the O
1,452-km O
rally O
, O
doubling O
his O
lead O
on O
the O
first O
two O
decisive O
stages O
. O

" O
This O
was O
the O
most O
difficult O
win O
- O
three O
days O
at O
125 O
percent O
effort O
, O
" O
said O
Makinen B-PER
, O
whose O
success O
completed O
his O
1,000 B-MISC
Lakes I-MISC
hat-trick O
. O

Kankkunen B-PER
was O
runner-up O
in O
his O
Toyota B-ORG
as O
Finland B-LOC
's O
Jarmo B-PER
Kytolehto I-PER
produced O
a O
remarkable O
drive O
to O
finish O
third O
in O
his O
Ford B-ORG
. O

Swede B-MISC
Kenneth B-PER
Eriksson I-PER
kept O
Subaru B-ORG
in O
the O
hunt O
for O
the O
manufacturers O
' O
title O
with O
fifth O
place O
in O
spite O
of O
a O
gearbox O
problem O
that O
nearly O
forced O
him O
off O
the O
road O
close O
to O
the O
end O
of O
the O
event O
. O

Maakinen B-PER
's O
and O
Mitsubishi B-ORG
's O
positions O
were O
strengthened O
by O
the O
late O
retirement O
of O
Spain B-LOC
's O
Carlos B-PER
Sainz I-PER
when O
his O
Ford B-ORG
gearbox O
failed O
. O

Makinen B-PER
, O
with O
95 O
points O
, O
now O
leads O
his O
nearest O
championship O
rival O
, O
Sainz B-PER
, O
by O
32 O
points O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RALLYING O
- O
MAKINEN B-PER
WINS O
1,000 B-MISC
LAKES I-MISC
RALLY I-MISC
. O

JYVASKYLA B-LOC
, O
Finland B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Tommi B-PER
Makinen I-PER
of O
Finland B-LOC
, O
driving O
a O
Mitsubishi B-ORG
, O
on O
Monday O
won O
the O
1,000 B-MISC
Lakes I-MISC
Rally I-MISC
, O
sixth O
round O
of O
the O
world O
championship O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SHARPE B-PER
HITS O
WINNER O
TO O
EASE O
PRESSURE O
ON O
LEEDS B-ORG
. O

LEEDS B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Winger O
Lee B-PER
Sharpe I-PER
hit O
a O
superb O
strike O
from O
the O
edge O
of O
the O
penalty O
area O
to O
give O
Leeds B-ORG
their O
first O
win O
of O
the O
season O
on O
Monday O
and O
leave O
hapless O
Wimbledon B-ORG
anchored O
at O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
England B-LOC
premier O
league O
. O

Sharpe B-PER
repaid O
a O
huge O
slice O
of O
the O
4.5 O
million O
pound O
( O
$ O
6.98 O
million O
) O
fee O
Leeds B-ORG
handed O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
for O
his O
services O
with O
a O
top-draw O
second-half O
goal O
to O
hand O
Wimbledon B-ORG
their O
third O
successive O
defeat O
. O

Ian B-PER
Rush I-PER
, O
the O
Welsh B-MISC
striker O
signed O
from O
Liverpool B-ORG
in O
the O
close O
season O
, O
set O
up O
the O
goal O
, O
feeding O
Sharpe B-PER
as O
he O
galloped O
forward O
and O
the O
former O
England B-LOC
winger O
cut O
inside O
onto O
his O
unfavoured O
right O
foot O
to O
arc O
a O
shot O
into O
the O
right-hand O
corner O
of O
the O
net O
. O

The O
only O
goal O
of O
the O
match O
also O
brought O
some O
relief O
for O
under-fire O
Leeds B-ORG
manager O
Howard B-PER
Wilkinson I-PER
following O
the O
team O
's O
poor O
start O
to O
the O
season O
. O

Home O
fans O
frequently O
booed O
their O
own O
side O
until O
Sharpe B-PER
turned O
the O
jeers O
to O
cheers O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
PREMIER O
LEAGUE O
SUMMARY O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Summary O
of O
Monday O
's O
English B-MISC

premier O
league O
soccer O
match O
: O

Leeds B-ORG
1 O
( O
Sharpe B-PER
58th O
minute O
) O
Wimbledon B-ORG
0 O
. O

Halftime O
0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
25,860 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
PREMIER O
LEAGUE O
RESULT O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Result O
of O
an O
English B-MISC
premier O

league O
soccer O
match O
on O
Monday O
: O

Leeds B-ORG
1 O
Wimbledon B-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Sheffield B-ORG
Wednesday I-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
6 O
2 O
9 O

Chelsea B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
7 O

Arsenal B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
6 O

Aston B-ORG
Villa I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
6 O

Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
7 O
4 O
5 O

Sunderland B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
5 O

Liverpool B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
5 O

Everton B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
5 O

Tottenham B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
5 O

Nottingham B-ORG
Forest I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
5 O
4 O

Leeds B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
4 O

West B-ORG
Ham I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
4 O

Leicester B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
4 O

Newcastle B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
4 O
3 O

Middlesbrough B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
2 O

Derby B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
6 O
2 O

Southampton B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O
1 O

Blackburn B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
1 O

Coventry B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
6 O
1 O

Wimbledon B-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
6 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
'S O
WASIM B-PER
AKRAM I-PER
JOINS O
300 O
CLUB O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
's O
three-wicket O
haul O

for O
Pakistan B-LOC
in O
England B-LOC
's O
second O
innings O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Monday O

gave O
him O
his O
300th O
test O
match O
wicket O
. O

Wasim B-PER
becomes O
the O
11th O
player O
to O
join O
the O
300-club O
of O

bowlers O
and O
the O
second O
Pakistani B-MISC
, O
after O
Imran B-PER
Khan I-PER
, O
to O
achieve O

the O
feat O
. O

Other O
cricketers O
who O
have O
taken O
over O
300 O
Test O
wickets O
: O

Kapil B-PER
Dev I-PER
( O
India B-LOC
) O
434 O
wickets O
, O
131 O
Tests O

Richard B-PER
Hadlee I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
431 O
, O
86 O

Ian B-PER
Botham I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
383 O
, O
102 O

Malcolm B-PER
Marshall I-PER
( O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
) O
376 O
, O
81 O

Imran B-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
362 O
, O
88 O

Dennis B-PER
Lillee I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
355 O
, O
70 O

Bob B-PER
Willis I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
325 O
, O
90 O

Lance B-PER
Gibbs I-PER
( O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
) O
309 O
, O
79 O

Fred B-PER
Trueman I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
307 O
, O
67 O

Courtney B-PER
Walsh I-PER
( O
West B-LOC
Indies I-LOC
) O
309 O
, O
82 O

Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
300 O
, O
70 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

English B-MISC
County I-MISC
Championship I-MISC

cricket O
standings O
after O
Monday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulated O
under O

played O
, O
won O
, O
lost O
, O
drawn O
, O
batting O
bonus O
points O
, O
bowling O
bonus O

points O
, O
total O
points O
) O
: O

Essex B-ORG
13 O
7 O
2 O
4 O
45 O
43 O
212 O

Kent B-ORG
14 O
7 O
1 O
6 O
42 O
40 O
212 O

Derbyshire B-ORG
13 O
7 O
2 O
4 O
41 O
43 O
208 O

Leicestershire B-ORG
13 O
6 O
1 O
6 O
43 O
45 O
202 O

Surrey B-ORG
13 O
6 O
1 O
6 O
37 O
48 O
199 O

Yorkshire B-ORG
14 O
6 O
5 O
3 O
41 O
46 O
192 O

Warwickshire B-ORG
13 O
6 O
4 O
3 O
32 O
43 O
180 O

Middlesex B-ORG
13 O
5 O
5 O
3 O
26 O
45 O
160 O

Sussex B-ORG
13 O
5 O
6 O
2 O
27 O
43 O
156 O

Somerset B-ORG
13 O
4 O
5 O
4 O
27 O
49 O
152 O

Worcestershire B-ORG
13 O
3 O
3 O
7 O
33 O
48 O
150 O

Glamorgan B-ORG
13 O
4 O
5 O
4 O
36 O
32 O
144 O

Hampshire B-ORG
13 O
3 O
5 O
5 O
28 O
46 O
137 O

Gloucestershire B-ORG
14 O
3 O
6 O
5 O
19 O
47 O
129 O

Northamptonshire B-ORG
13 O
2 O
6 O
5 O
30 O
43 O
120 O

Lancashire B-ORG
13 O
1 O
4 O
8 O
38 O
37 O
115 O

Nottinghamshire B-ORG
13 O
1 O
6 O
6 O
34 O
40 O
108 O

Durham B-ORG
14 O
0 O
9 O
5 O
22 O
50 O
87 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
on O
the O
final O
day O
of O

four-day O
English B-MISC
County I-MISC
Championship I-MISC
cricket O
matches O
on O
Monday O
: O

At O
Colchester B-LOC
: O
Essex B-ORG
beat O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
by O
an O
innings O
and O

64 O
runs O
. O

Gloucestershire B-ORG
280 O
and O
188 O
( O
J. B-PER
Russell I-PER
57 O
, O
M. B-PER
Lynch I-PER
50 O
; O

N. B-PER
Williams I-PER
5-43 O
) O
. O

Essex B-ORG
532-8 O
declared O
( O
G. B-PER
Gooch I-PER
111 O
, O
R. B-PER
Irani I-PER
91 O
, O

P. B-PER
Prichard I-PER
88 O
, O
D. B-PER
Robinson I-PER
72 O
; O
M. B-PER
Alleyne I-PER
4-80 O
) O
. O

Essex B-ORG
24 O
points O
, O

Gloucestershire B-ORG
3 O
. O

At O
Cardiff B-LOC
: O
Match O
drawn O
. O

Kent B-ORG
323-5 O
declared O
( O
C. B-PER
Hooper I-PER
77 O
, O

D. B-PER
Fulton I-PER
64 O
, O
N. B-PER
Llong I-PER
63 O
, O
M. B-PER
Walker I-PER
59 O
) O
and O
second O
innings O

forfeited O
. O

Glamorgan B-ORG
first O
innings O
forfeited O
and O
273-5 O
( O
H. B-PER
Morris I-PER

118 O
, O
A. B-PER
Cottey I-PER
70 O
) O
. O

Glamorgan B-ORG
5 O
points O
, O
Kent B-ORG
6 O
. O

At O
Northampton B-LOC
: O
Northamptonshire B-ORG
beat O
Sussex B-ORG
by O
6 O
wickets O
. O

Sussex B-ORG
389 O
and O
112 O
. O

Northamptonshire B-ORG
361 O
and O
142-4 O
. O

Northamptonshire B-ORG
24 O
points O
, O
Sussex B-ORG
8 O
. O

At O
Trent B-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
: O
Match O
abandoned O
as O
a O
draw O
- O
rain O
. O

Nottinghamshire B-ORG
446-9 O
declared O
and O
53-0 O
. O

Surrey B-ORG
128-4 O
declared O

( O
A. B-PER
Brown I-PER
56 O
not O
out O
) O
. O

Nottinghamshire B-ORG
8 O
points O
, O
Surrey B-ORG
7 O
. O

At O
Worcester B-LOC
: O
Match O
drawn O
. O

Warwickshire B-ORG
310 O
and O
162-4 O

declared O
. O

Worcestershire B-ORG
205-9 O
declared O
( O
K. B-PER
Spiring I-PER
52 O
; O
A. B-PER
Giles I-PER

3-12 O
) O
and O
164-4 O
( O
P. B-PER
Weston I-PER
52 O
) O
. O

Worcestershire B-ORG
8 O
points O
, O

Warwickshire B-ORG
10 O
. O

At O
Headingley B-LOC
: O
Match O
drawn O
. O

Yorkshire B-ORG
529-8 O
declared O

( O
C. B-PER
White I-PER
181 O
, O
R. B-PER
Blakey I-PER
109 O
not O
out O
, O
M. B-PER
Moxon I-PER
66 O
, O
M. B-PER
Vaughan I-PER
57 O
) O
. O

Lancashire B-ORG
323 O
( O
N. B-PER
Fairbrother I-PER
86 O
, O
M. B-PER
Watkinson I-PER
64 O
; O
D. B-PER
Gough I-PER
4-53 O
) O

and O
231-7 O
( O
N. B-PER
Speak I-PER
77 O
, O
N. B-PER
Fairbrother I-PER
55 O
; O
D. B-PER
Gough I-PER
4-48 O
) O
. O

Yorkshire B-ORG
11 O
points O
, O
Lancashire B-ORG
8 O
. O

At O
Leicester B-LOC
: O
Match O
drawn O
. O

Leicestershire B-ORG
353 O
. O

Hampshire B-ORG
137 O

( O
G. B-PER
Parsons I-PER
4-36 O
) O
and O
135-9 O
. O

Leicestershire B-ORG
11 O
points O
, O
Hampshire B-ORG

7. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
BEAT O
ENGLAND B-LOC
BY O
NINE O
WICKETS O
IN O
THIRD O
TEST O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Pakistan B-LOC
beat O
England B-LOC
by O
nine O
wickets O
on O
the O
fifth O
day O
of O
the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Monday O
to O
win O
the O
series O
2-0 O
. O

Scores O
: O
England B-LOC
326 O
and O
242 O
; O
Pakistan B-LOC
521-8 O
declared O
and O
48-1 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
FINAL O
TEST O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Scoreboard O
on O
the O
last O
day O
of O
the O

third O
and O
final O
test O
between O
England B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
the O
Oval B-LOC
on O

Monday O
: O

England B-LOC
first O
innings O
326 O
( O
J. B-PER
Crawley I-PER
106 O
, O
G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
54 O
; O
Waqar B-PER

Younis B-PER
4-95 O
) O

Pakistan B-LOC
first O
innings O
521-8 O
declared O
( O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
176 O
, O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
100 O
not O
out O
, O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
61 O
) O

England B-LOC
second O
innings O
( O
overnight O
74-0 O
) O

M. B-PER
Atherton I-PER
c O
Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
43 O

A. B-PER
Stewart I-PER
c O
Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
54 O

N. B-PER
Hussain I-PER
lbw O
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
51 O

G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
c O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
9 O

J. B-PER
Crawley I-PER
c O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
19 O

N. B-PER
Knight I-PER
c O
and O
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
8 O

C. B-PER
Lewis I-PER
lbw O
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
4 O

D. B-PER
Cork I-PER
b O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
26 O

R. B-PER
Croft I-PER
c O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
6 O

I. B-PER
Salisbury I-PER
not O
out O
0 O

A. B-PER
Mullally I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
0 O

Extras O
( O
b-6 O
lb-2 O
w-1 O
nb-13 O
) O
22 O

Total O
242 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-96 O
2-136 O
3-166 O
4-179 O
5-187 O
6-205 O
7-220 O

8-238 O
9-242 O

Bowling O
: O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
15.4-1-67-3 O
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
18-3-55-1 O
, O

Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
37-10-78-6 O
, O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
2-1-4-0 O
, O
Mohammad B-PER
Akram I-PER

10-3-30-0 O

Pakistan B-LOC
second O
innings O

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
c O
Knight B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
1 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
not O
out O
29 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
not O
out O
13 O

Extras O
( O
nb-5 O
) O
5 O

Total O
( O
for O
one O
wicket O
) O
48 O

Fall O
of O
wicket O
: O
1-7 O

Bowling O
: O
Cork B-PER
3-0-15-0 O
, O
Mullally B-PER
3-0-24-1 O
, O
Croft B-PER
0.4-0-9-0 O

Result O
: O
Pakistan B-LOC
won O
by O
9 O
wickets O

First O
test O
: O
Lord B-LOC
's I-LOC
- O
Pakistan B-LOC
won O
by O
164 O
runs O

Second O
test O
: O
Headingley B-LOC
- O
Drawn O

Pakistan B-LOC
win O
series O
2-0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
NEED O
48 O
RUNS O
TO O
WIN O
THIRD O
AND O
FINAL O
TEST O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

England B-LOC
were O
dismissed O
for O
242 O
in O
their O
second O
innings O
on O
the O
fifth O
day O
of O
the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
on O
Monday O
leaving O
Pakistan B-LOC
requiring O
48 O
runs O
to O
win O
. O

Pakistan B-LOC
lead O
the O
series O
1-0 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
- O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
SUPER I-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULT O
/ O
FINALS O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Result O
of O
a O
European B-MISC
Super I-MISC
League I-MISC

rugby O
league O
match O
on O
Monday O
: O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
66 O
Warrington B-ORG
14 O

Final O
standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

points O
for O
, O
against O
, O
total O
points O
) O
: O

St B-ORG
Helens I-ORG
22 O
20 O
0 O
2 O
950 O
455 O
40 O
- O
champions O

Wigan B-ORG
22 O
19 O
1 O
2 O
902 O
326 O
39 O

Bradford B-ORG
22 O
17 O
0 O
5 O
767 O
409 O
34 O

London B-ORG
22 O
12 O
1 O
9 O
611 O
462 O
25 O

Warrington B-ORG
22 O
12 O
0 O
10 O
569 O
565 O
24 O

Halifax B-ORG
22 O
10 O
1 O
11 O
667 O
576 O
21 O

Sheffield B-ORG
22 O
10 O
0 O
12 O
599 O
730 O
20 O

Oldham B-ORG
22 O
9 O
1 O
12 O
473 O
681 O
19 O

Castleford B-ORG
22 O
9 O
0 O
13 O
548 O
599 O
18 O

Leeds B-ORG
22 O
6 O
0 O
16 O
555 O
745 O
12 O

Paris B-ORG
22 O
3 O
1 O
18 O
398 O
795 O
7 O

Workington B-ORG
22 O
2 O
1 O
19 O
325 O
1021 O
5 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
AND O
SCOTTISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
FIXTURES O
- O
AUG O
30-SEPT O
1 O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

English B-MISC
and O
Scottish B-MISC
league O
soccer O

fixtures O
for O
August O
30 O
to O
September O
1 O
: O

Friday O
, O
August O
30 O
: O

English B-MISC
division O
one O
- O
West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
v O
Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
. O

English B-MISC
division O
three O
- O
Swansea B-ORG
v O
Lincoln B-ORG
. O

Saturday O
, O
August O
31 O
: O

English B-MISC
division O
one O
- O
Birmingham B-ORG
v O
Barnsley B-ORG
, O
Bradford B-ORG
v O

Tranmere B-ORG
, O
Grimsby B-ORG
v O
Portsmouth B-ORG
, O
Huddersfield B-ORG
v O
Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
, O

Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
v O
Charlton B-ORG
, O
Norwich B-ORG
v O
Wolverhampton B-ORG
, O
Oldham B-ORG
v O

Ipswich B-ORG
, O
Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
v O
Oxford B-ORG
, O
Reading B-ORG
v O
Stoke B-ORG
, O
Southend B-ORG
v O

Swindon B-ORG
. O

English B-MISC
division O
two O
- O
Blackpool B-ORG
v O
Wycombe B-ORG
, O
Bournemouth B-ORG
v O

Peterborough B-ORG
, O
Bristol B-ORG
Rovers I-ORG
v O
Stockport B-ORG
, O
Bury B-ORG
v O
Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
, O

Crewe B-ORG
v O
Watford B-ORG
, O
Gillingham B-ORG
v O
Chesterfield B-ORG
, O
Luton B-ORG
v O
Rotherham B-ORG
, O

Millwall B-ORG
v O
Burnley B-ORG
, O
Notts B-ORG
County I-ORG
v O
York B-ORG
, O
Plymouth B-ORG
v O
Preston B-ORG
, O

Shrewsbury B-ORG
v O
Brentford B-ORG
, O
Walsall B-ORG
v O
Wrexham B-ORG
. O

English B-MISC
division O
three O
- O
Brighton B-ORG
v O
Scunthorpe B-ORG
, O
Cambridge B-ORG
v O

Cardiff B-ORG
, O
Colchester B-ORG
v O
Hereford B-ORG
, O
Doncaster B-ORG
v O
Darlington B-ORG
, O
Fulham B-ORG
v O

Carlisle B-ORG
, O
Hull B-ORG
v O
Barnet B-ORG
, O
Leyton B-ORG
Orient I-ORG
v O
Hartlepool B-ORG
, O
Mansfield B-ORG
v O

Rochdale B-ORG
, O
Scarborough B-ORG
v O
Northampton B-ORG
, O
Torquay B-ORG
v O
Exeter B-ORG
, O
Wigan B-ORG
v O

Chester B-ORG
. O

Scottish B-MISC
division O
one O
- O
East B-ORG
Fife I-ORG
v O
Clydebank B-ORG
, O
Greenock B-ORG

Morton B-ORG
v O
Falkir B-ORG
, O
Partick B-ORG
v O
St B-ORG
Mirren I-ORG
, O
St B-ORG
Johnstone I-ORG
v O

Airdrieonians B-ORG
, O
Stirling B-ORG
v O
Dundee B-ORG
. O

Scottish B-MISC
division O
two O
- O
Ayr B-ORG
v O
Berwick B-ORG
, O
Clyde B-ORG
v O
Queen B-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG

South B-ORG
, O
Dumbarton B-ORG
v O
Brechin B-ORG
, O
Livingston B-ORG
v O
Hamilton B-ORG
, O
Stenhousemuir B-ORG

v O
Stranraer B-ORG
. O

Scottish B-MISC
division O
three O
- O
Albion B-ORG
v O
Cowdenbeath B-ORG
, O
Arbroath B-ORG
v O

East B-ORG
Stirling I-ORG
, O
Inverness B-ORG
v O
Alloa B-ORG
, O
Montrose B-ORG
v O
Ross B-ORG
County I-ORG
, O

Queen B-ORG
's I-ORG
Park I-ORG
v O
Forfar B-ORG
. O

Sunday O
, O
September O
1 O
: O

English B-MISC
division O
one O
- O
Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
v O
Bolton B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
COSTA B-LOC
RICA I-LOC
AND O
CHILE B-LOC
DRAW O
1-1 O
IN O
FRIENDLY O
. O

LIBERIA B-LOC
, O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
and O
Chile B-LOC

drew O
1-1 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
a O
friendly O
soccer O
international O
on O

Sunday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
- O
Ronaldo B-PER
Gonzalez I-PER
( O
10th O
minute O
, O
penalty O

Chile B-LOC
- O
Marcelo B-PER
Salas I-PER
( O
80th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
8,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SEYCHELLES B-LOC
FAIL O
IN O
BID O
FOR O
HISTORIC O
VICTORY O
. O

Mark B-PER
Gleeson I-PER

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The O
tiny O
islands O
of O
the O
Seychelles B-LOC
failed O
to O
make O
soccer O
history O
at O
the O
weekend O
when O
they O
bowed O
out O
of O
the O
preliminary O
rounds O
of O
the O
African B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

Trailing O
fellow O
Indian B-LOC
Ocean I-LOC
islanders O
Mauritius B-LOC
1-0 O
from O
the O
first O
leg O
, O
they O
were O
held O
to O
a O
1-1 O
draw O
at O
home O
on O
Saturday O
despite O
playing O
against O
10 O
men O
for O
most O
of O
the O
match O
. O

The O
2-1 O
aggregate O
took O
Mauritius B-LOC
into O
the O
group O
phase O
of O
the O
qualifiers O
for O
the O
1998 O
finals O
, O
and O
kept O
up O
the O
Seychelles B-LOC
' O
record O
of O
never O
having O
won O
an O
official O
match O
in O
their O
10 O
years O
of O
FIFA B-ORG
membership O
. O

The O
Seychelles B-LOC
must O
have O
thought O
they O
were O
on O
course O
for O
a O
historic O
breakthrough O
when O
Mauritian B-MISC
midfielder O
Andre B-PER
Caboche I-PER
was O
sent O
off O
for O
a O
crude O
tackle O
in O
the O
19th O
minute O
. O

But O
the O
visitors O
responded O
to O
the O
setback O
immediately O
-- O
veteran O
striker O
Ashley B-PER
Mocude I-PER
scoring O
a O
minute O
later O
to O
give O
them O
a O
two-goal O
aggregate O
lead O
. O

Although O
Danny B-PER
Rose I-PER
's O
50th-minute O
equaliser O
gave O
the O
Seychellois B-MISC
renewed O
hope O
they O
could O
not O
find O
the O
net O
again O
and O
were O
eliminated O
. O

Mauritius B-LOC
now O
play O
in O
group O
seven O
of O
the O
qualifiers O
against O
Malawi B-LOC
, O
Mozambique B-LOC
and O
favourites O
Zambia B-LOC
. O

Namibia B-LOC
, O
who O
drew O
0-0 O
with O
Botswana B-LOC
in O
their O
first O
leg O
, O
won O
the O
second O
leg O
in O
Windhoek B-LOC
6-0 O
to O
stretch O
their O
unbeaten O
run O
to O
eight O
matches O
and O
continue O
their O
remarkable O
progress O
on O
the O
African B-MISC
soccer O
stage O
. O

They O
now O
play O
in O
group O
five O
with O
Cameroon B-LOC
, O
Gabon B-LOC
and O
Kenya B-LOC
. O

German-based O
striker O
Bachirou B-PER
Salou I-PER
returned O
home O
to O
Togo B-LOC
to O
score O
the O
decisive O
only O
goal O
of O
their O
tie O
against O
Congo B-LOC
. O

Salou B-PER
, O
who O
plays O
for O
MSV B-ORG
Duisburg I-ORG
in O
the O
Bundesliga B-MISC
, O
scored O
in O
the O
53rd O
minute O
of O
Sunday O
's O
match O
in O
Lome B-LOC
for O
a O
1-0 O
aggregate O
win O
which O
takes O
his O
side O
into O
group O
six O
, O
where O
they O
will O
meet O
Liberia B-LOC
, O
Tanzania B-LOC
and O
Zaire B-LOC
. O

Ethiopia B-LOC
needed O
a O
penalty O
shoot-out O
in O
Addis B-LOC
Ababa I-LOC
to O
overcome O
Uganda B-LOC
after O
a O
2-2 O
aggregate O
scoreline O
. O

Both O
legs O
ended O
1-1 O
before O
Ethiopia B-LOC
won O
the O
spot O
kick O
decider O
4-2 O
. O

Uganda B-LOC
's O
elimination O
follows O
their O
humiliating O
5-1 O
aggregate O
defeat O
by O
Angola B-LOC
in O
June O
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifying O
preliminaries O
. O

The O
other O
preliminary O
round O
second O
leg O
match O
, O
between O
Mauritania B-LOC
and O
Benin B-LOC
in O
Nouakchott B-LOC
, O
was O
postponed O
until O
Friday O
. O

Benin B-LOC
won O
the O
first O
leg O
4-1 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
AFRICAN B-MISC
NATIONS I-MISC
CUP I-MISC
COLLATED O
RESULTS O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Collated O
results O
of O
African B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
preliminary O
round O
, O
second O
leg O
matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
: O

Ethiopia B-LOC
1 O
Uganda B-LOC
1 O

2-2 O
on O
aggregate O
. O

Ethiopia B-LOC
win O
4-2 O
on O
penalties O

Mauritania B-LOC
v O
Benin B-LOC
postponed O
to O
Friday O

Benin B-LOC
lead O
4-1 O
from O
the O
first O
leg O

Namibia B-LOC
6 O
Botswana B-LOC
0 O

Namibia B-LOC
win O
6-0 O
on O
aggregate O

Seychelles B-LOC
1 O
Mauritius B-LOC
1 O

Mauritius B-LOC
win O
2-1 O
on O
aggregate O

Togo B-LOC
1 O
Congo B-LOC
0 O

Togo B-LOC
win O
1-0 O
on O
aggregaete O

Central B-LOC
African I-LOC
Republic I-LOC
walkover O
v O
Burundi B-LOC

Winners O
progress O
to O
qualifying O
groups O
to O
start O
in O
October O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
UKRAINIAN B-MISC
PREMIER O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

KIEV B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
Ukraine B-LOC
premier O
division O

matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
: O

Dynamo B-ORG
Kiev I-ORG
5 O
Kremin B-ORG
Kremenchuk I-ORG
0 O

Vorskla B-ORG
Poltava I-ORG
2 O
Nyva B-ORG
Ternopil I-ORG
1 O

Torpedo B-ORG
Zaporizhya I-ORG
2 O
Shakhtar B-ORG
Donetsk I-ORG
1 O

Kryvbas B-ORG
Kryvy I-ORG
Rig I-ORG
1 O
Karpaty B-ORG
Lviv I-ORG
2 O

Prykarpattya B-ORG
Ivano-Frankivsk I-ORG
0 O
Zirka-Nibas B-ORG
Kirovohrad I-ORG
0 O

Chornomorets B-ORG
Odessa I-ORG
2 O
Metalurg B-ORG
Zaporizhya I-ORG
1 O

Dnipro B-ORG
Dnipropetrovsk I-ORG
2 O
CSKA B-ORG
Kiev I-ORG
1 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Dynamo B-ORG
6 O
5 O
0 O
1 O
16 O
2 O
15 O

Vorskla B-ORG
6 O
4 O
2 O
0 O
11 O
3 O
14 O

Dnipro B-ORG
6 O
4 O
1 O
1 O
13 O
6 O
13 O

Chornomorets B-ORG
6 O
4 O
1 O
1 O
11 O
7 O
13 O

Shakhtar B-ORG
6 O
3 O
2 O
1 O
10 O
3 O
11 O

Metalurg B-ORG
6 O
3 O
2 O
1 O
9 O
6 O
11 O

Karpaty B-ORG
6 O
3 O
1 O
2 O
9 O
5 O
10 O

Zirka-Nibas B-ORG
6 O
3 O
1 O
2 O
6 O
8 O
10 O

Torpedo B-ORG
6 O
3 O
1 O
2 O
8 O
7 O
10 O

Tavria B-ORG
5 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
7 O
6 O

Nyva B-ORG
Ternopil I-ORG
6 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
4 O
11 O
6 O

CSKA B-ORG
6 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
7 O
4 O

Kryvbas B-ORG
6 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
9 O
4 O

Nyva B-ORG
Vinnytsya I-ORG
5 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
1 O
7 O
2 O

Prykarpattya B-ORG
6 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
4 O
13 O
2 O

Kremin B-ORG
6 O
0 O
1 O
5 O
1 O
14 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SWIMMING O
- O
POPOV B-PER
IN O
`SERIOUS O
CONDITION O
' O
AFTER O
STABBING O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Russian B-MISC
double O
Olympic B-MISC
swimming O
champion O
Alexander B-PER
Popov I-PER
was O
in O
a O
serious O
condition O
on O
Monday O
after O
being O
stabbed O
on O
a O
Moscow B-LOC
street O
. O

A O
doctor O
said O
it O
was O
too O
early O
to O
say O
whether O
Popov B-PER
, O
the O
only O
man O
to O
retain O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
50 O
and O
100 O
metres O
freestyle O
titles O
, O
would O
return O
to O
top-level O
sport O
. O

" O
His O
condition O
is O
serious O
, O
" O
said O
Rimma B-PER
Maslova I-PER
, O
deputy O
chief O
doctor O
of O
Hospital B-LOC
No I-LOC
31 I-LOC
in O
the O
Russian B-MISC
capital O
. O
" O

But O
he O
is O
conscious O
and O
is O
talking O
and O
smiling O
. O
" O

Maslova B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
she O
was O
not O
an O
expert O
in O
sports O
medicine O
, O
but O
said O
it O
was O
too O
early O
to O
judge O
Popov B-PER
's O
chances O
of O
returning O
to O
competitive O
swimming O
. O

Popov B-PER
, O
who O
won O
gold O
in O
the O
50 O
and O
100 O
metres O
freestyle O
at O
the O
recent O
Atlanta B-MISC
Olympics I-MISC
, O
was O
stabbed O
in O
the O
abdomen O
late O
on O
Saturday O
after O
an O
argument O
with O
a O
group O
of O
roadside O
watermelon O
sellers O
in O
south-west O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

Maslova B-PER
said O
the O
wound O
had O
affected O
a O
lung O
and O
a O
kidney O
. O

Doctors O
operated O
on O
Popov B-PER
, O
24 O
, O
for O
three O
hours O
. O

Popov B-PER
told O
NTV B-ORG
television O
on O
Sunday O
he O
was O
in O
no O
danger O
and O
promised O
he O
would O
be O
back O
in O
the O
pool O
shortly O
. O
" O

There O
's O
no O
need O
to O
worry O
. O

We O
're O
going O
to O
be O
walking O
soon O
-- O
and O
swimming O
, O
" O
he O
insisted O
cheerfully O
from O
his O
bed O
in O
the O
intensive O
care O
unit O
. O

Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
police O
had O
detained O
one O
of O
the O
attackers O
. O

It O
said O
the O
row O
started O
when O
Popov B-PER
and O
a O
group O
of O
his O
friends O
were O
returning O
from O
a O
party O
. O

Vitaly B-PER
Smirnov I-PER
, O
president O
of O
the O
Russian B-MISC
National I-MISC
Olympic I-MISC
Committee I-MISC
, O
said O
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
had O
given O
the O
swimmer O
Russia B-LOC
's O
top O
award O
for O
his O
Olympic B-MISC
performance O
. O
" O

I O
am O
not O
a O
doctor O
but O
I O
think O
he O
is O
doing O
all O
right O
, O
" O
said O
Smirnov B-PER
. O

Smirnov B-PER
said O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
Committee I-MISC
might O
ask O
the O
government O
to O
take O
measures O
to O
protect O
the O
country O
's O
best O
athletes O
, O
some O
of O
whom O
have O
already O
chosen O
to O
live O
abroad O
for O
fear O
of O
a O
surge O
in O
crime O
in O
post-Soviet B-MISC
Russia B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SLOVAK B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

BRATISLAVA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
Slovak B-MISC
first O

division O
soccer O
matches O
at O
the O
weekend O
: O

Inter B-ORG
Bratislava I-ORG
0 O
Slovan B-ORG
Bratislava I-ORG
2 O

Chemlon B-ORG
Humenne I-ORG
0 O
Tatran B-ORG
Presov I-ORG
1 O

Artmedia B-ORG
Petrzalka I-ORG
0 O
JAS B-ORG
Bardejov I-ORG
0 O

DAC B-ORG
Dunajska I-ORG
Streda I-ORG
1 O
Spartak B-ORG
Trnava I-ORG
3 O

Dukla B-ORG
Banska I-ORG
Bystrica I-ORG
3 O
FC B-ORG
Nitra I-ORG
0 O

MSK B-ORG
Zilina I-ORG
0 O
FC B-ORG
Kosice I-ORG
2 O

Petrimex B-ORG
Prievidza I-ORG
2 O
FC B-ORG
Rimavska I-ORG
Sobota I-ORG
0 O

Lokomotiva B-ORG
Kosice I-ORG
2 O
Kerametal B-ORG
Dubnica I-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
games O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Tatran B-ORG
Presov I-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
0 O
10 O

Dukla B-ORG
Banska I-ORG
Bystrica I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
2 O
9 O

Slovan B-ORG
Bratislava I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
2 O
9 O

Petrimex B-ORG
Prievidza I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
9 O

Spartak B-ORG
Trnava I-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
10 O
5 O
8 O

FC B-ORG
Kosice I-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
6 O
3 O
8 O

Artmedia B-ORG
Petrzalka I-ORG
4 O
1 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
6 O

DAC B-ORG
Dunajska I-ORG
Streda I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
6 O

FC B-ORG
Rimavska I-ORG
Sobota I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
5 O
6 O

JAS B-ORG
Bardejov I-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
5 O

Chemlon B-ORG
Humenne I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
4 O

Inter B-ORG
Bratislava I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
6 O
4 O

Lokomotiva B-ORG
Kosice I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
4 O

Kerametal B-ORG
Dubnica I-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
9 O
1 O

FC B-ORG
Nitra I-ORG
4 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
8 O
0 O

MSK B-ORG
Zilina I-ORG
4 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
0 O
6 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
HUNGARY B-LOC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

BUDAPEST B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Hungarian B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
results O
and O
standings O
from O
weekend O
and O
bank O
holiday O
: O

Stadler B-ORG
0 O
Haladas B-ORG
0 O

MTK B-ORG
3 O
Ferencvaros B-ORG
0 O

Bekescsaba B-ORG
0 O
BVSC B-ORG
1 O

Csepel B-ORG
1 O
Videoton(* B-ORG
) O
1 O

ZTE B-ORG
1 O
Debrecen B-ORG
5 O

Siofok B-ORG
0 O
Ujpest B-ORG
2 O

Vac B-ORG
0 O
Vasas B-ORG
1 O

Kispest B-ORG
3 O
Pecs B-ORG
1 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

1. O
Ujpest B-ORG
TE I-ORG
3 O
3 O
- O
- O
10 O
2 O
9 O

2. O
MTK B-ORG
3 O
3 O
- O
- O
7 O
1 O
9 O

3. O
BVSC B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
- O
6 O
2 O
7 O

4. O
Debrecen B-ORG
3 O
2 O
- O
1 O
10 O
4 O
6 O

5. O
Bekescsaba B-ORG
3 O
2 O
- O
1 O
6 O
2 O
6 O

6. O
FTC B-ORG
3 O
2 O
- O
1 O
8 O
7 O
6 O

7. O
Haladas B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
- O
2 O
1 O
5 O

8. O
Videoton B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
5 O
4 O

9. O
Vasas B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

10. O
Kispest B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
7 O
4 O

11. O
Gyor B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
5 O
4 O

12. O
Csepel B-ORG
3 O
- O
3 O
- O
3 O
3 O
3 O

13. O
Pecs B-ORG
3 O
1 O
- O
2 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

14. O
ZTE B-ORG
3 O
1 O
- O
2 O
3 O
10 O
3 O

15. O
Stadler B-ORG
FC O
3 O
- O
1 O
2 O
2 O
6 O
1 O

16. O
III.ker.TVE B-ORG
3 O
- O
1 O
2 O
2 O
7 O
1 O

17. O
Siofok B-ORG
3 O
- O
- O
3 O
2 O
7 O
0 O

18. O
Vac B-ORG
3 O
- O
- O
3 O
2 O
8 O
0 O

*Name O
of O
Parmalat B-ORG
/ I-ORG
Fehervar I-ORG
FC I-ORG
has O
been O
changed O
to O
Videoton B-ORG
. O

-- O
Budapest B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+361 O
266 O
2410 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
CZECH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

PRAGUE B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
's O

first O
division O
soccer O
matches O
at O
the O
weekend O
: O

Petra B-ORG
Drnovice I-ORG
1 O
Slovan B-ORG
Liberec I-ORG
3 O

SK B-ORG
Slavia I-ORG
Praha I-ORG
3 O
SK B-ORG
Ceske I-ORG
Budejovice I-ORG
0 O

FK B-ORG
Jablonec I-ORG
3 O
Viktoria B-ORG
Zizkov I-ORG
1 O

Banik B-ORG
Ostrava I-ORG
3 O
FK B-ORG
Teplice I-ORG
1 O

Boby B-ORG
Brno I-ORG
1 O
Sigma B-ORG
Olomouc I-ORG
0 O

FC B-ORG
Bohemians I-ORG
0 O
FC B-ORG
Karvina I-ORG
2 O

SK B-ORG
Hradec I-ORG
Kralove I-ORG
0 O
Kaucuk B-ORG
Opava I-ORG
0 O

Playing O
Monday O
: O
Viktoria B-ORG
Plzen I-ORG
v O
AC B-ORG
Sparta I-ORG
Praha I-ORG

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
games O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O

goals O
for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Boby B-ORG
Brno I-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
9 O

Banik B-ORG
Ostrava I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
3 O
6 O

FK B-ORG
Jablonec I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
5 O
2 O
6 O

SK B-ORG
Slavia I-ORG
Praha I-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
6 O
3 O
5 O

Kaucuk B-ORG
Opava I-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
5 O

Sigma B-ORG
Olomouc I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
3 O
4 O

Petra B-ORG
Drnovice I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
5 O
4 O

Slovan B-ORG
Liberec I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
4 O

FK B-ORG
Teplice I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
4 O

FC B-ORG
Karvina I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
5 O
4 O

SK B-ORG
Ceske I-ORG
Budejovice I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
5 O
4 O

Viktoria B-ORG
Plzen I-ORG
2 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
2 O

AC B-ORG
Sparta I-ORG
Praha I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
1 O

FC B-ORG
Bohemians I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
1 O

Viktoria B-ORG
Zizkov I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
8 O
1 O

SK B-ORG
Hradec I-ORG
Kralove I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
7 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
MEXICAN B-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
weekend O
matches O

in O
the O
Mexican B-MISC
soccer O
championship O
: O

Atlante B-ORG
1 O
Atlas B-ORG
1 O

Cruz B-ORG
Azul I-ORG
2 O
Leon B-ORG
2 O

Guadalajara B-ORG
5 O
America B-ORG
0 O

Monterrey B-ORG
2 O
Veracruz B-ORG
1 O

Pachuca B-ORG
3 O
Toluca B-ORG
0 O

Puebla B-ORG
2 O
UNAM B-ORG
1 O

Santos B-ORG
2 O
Morelia B-ORG
1 O

UAG B-ORG
1 O
Neza B-ORG
2 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O

Group O
1 O

Puebla B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
7 O
2 O
9 O

Cruz B-ORG
Azul I-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
7 O
3 O
7 O

Atlante B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
6 O
2 O
7 O

Neza B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
7 O
3 O

Veracruz B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
6 O
1 O

Group O
2 O

Necaxa B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
4 O

Pachuca B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
7 O
4 O

Leon B-ORG
3 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

America B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
7 O
3 O

Morelia B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
8 O
1 O

Group O
3 O

Atlas B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
7 O
2 O
7 O

Guadalajara B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
7 O
0 O
7 O

Toluca B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
6 O
5 O
3 O

UNAM B-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
6 O
0 O

Group O
4 O

Santos B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
9 O

Monterrey B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
4 O

Celaya B-ORG
2 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
2 O

UAG B-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
8 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
PLAYERS O
LEAVE O
MATCH O
EARLY O
TO O
CATCH O
PLANE O
. O

Brian B-PER
Homewood I-PER

RIO B-LOC
DE I-LOC
JANEIRO I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Two O
key O
players O
left O
a O
Brazilian B-MISC
championship O
match O
early O
on O
Sunday O
because O
they O
had O
to O
catch O
a O
plane O
to O
Russia B-LOC
to O
play O
with O
the O
national O
team O
. O

Sao B-ORG
Paulo I-ORG
midfielder O
Andre B-PER
and O
Santos B-ORG
defender O
Narciso B-PER
were O
both O
substituted O
during O
their O
teams O
' O
game O
, O
taken O
to O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
airport O
and O
flown O
to O
Rio B-LOC
de I-LOC
Janeiro I-LOC
in O
a O
private O
jet O
chartered O
by O
the O
Brazilian B-MISC
Football I-MISC
Confederation I-MISC
( O
CBF B-MISC
) O
. O

At O
Rio B-LOC
, O
they O
joined O
up O
with O
the O
national O
team O
squad O
for O
the O
journey O
to O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
where O
Brazil B-LOC
will O
face O
Russia B-LOC
in O
a O
friendly O
international O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
problem O
arose O
because O
the O
Sao B-ORG
Paulo-Santos I-ORG
clash O
was O
selected O
as O
the O
day O
's O
televised O
live O
match O
, O
forcing O
it O
to O
be O
put O
back O
three O
hours O
from O
the O
usual O
kickoff O
time O
. O

Santos B-ORG
suffered O
more O
from O
their O
loss O
as O
Narciso B-PER
's O
replacement O
Jean B-PER
gave O
away O
a O
penalty O
from O
which O
Sao B-ORG
Paulo I-ORG
scored O
the O
decisive O
goal O
in O
a O
2-1 O
win O
. O

Sao B-ORG
Paulo I-ORG
lead O
the O
first O
stage O
of O
the O
championship O
on O
goal O
difference O
from O
surprise O
package O
Juventude B-ORG
, O
who O
beat O
Internacional B-ORG
2-1 O
. O

Corinthians B-ORG
, O
who O
played O
in O
a O
tournament O
in O
Spain B-LOC
last O
week O
, O
also O
faced O
a O
plane O
marathon O
as O
they O
attempted O
to O
keep O
up O
with O
a O
hectic O
fixture O
list O
. O

They O
were O
due O
to O
leave O
Spain B-LOC
Monday O
night O
, O
arrive O
in O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
morning O
, O
catch O
another O
plane O
to O
the O
southern O
city O
of O
Curitiba B-LOC
one O
hour O
later O
and O
then O
play O
away O
to O
Atletico B-ORG
Paranaense I-ORG
in O
the O
Brazilian B-MISC
championship O
the O
same O
evening O
. O

Botafogo B-ORG
striker O
Tulio B-PER
, O
who O
was O
overlooked O
by O
Zagalo B-PER
for O
the O
tour O
which O
also O
features O
a O
game O
away O
to O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
, O
scored O
his O
third O
goal O
in O
three O
games O
as O
the O
defending O
champions O
beat O
Bahia B-ORG
2-1 O
away O
. O

Tulio B-PER
, O
who O
has O
been O
top-scorer O
in O
the O
competition O
for O
the O
last O
two O
seasons O
, O
has O
been O
struggling O
against O
injury O
for O
most O
of O
this O
year O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ARGENTINE B-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
. O

BUENOS B-LOC
AIRES I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
matches O
on O
the O

opening O
weekend O
of O
the O
Argentine B-MISC
Apertura I-MISC
championship O
: O

Estudiantes B-ORG
2 O
Boca B-ORG
Juniors I-ORG
3 O

Ferro B-ORG
Carril I-ORG
Oeste I-ORG
0 O
Independiente B-ORG
3 O

Gimnasia-Jujuy B-ORG
1 O
Platense B-ORG
0 O

Huracan B-ORG
0 O
Lanus B-ORG
0 O

Huracan-Corrientes B-ORG
3 O
Union B-ORG
6 O

Newell B-ORG
's I-ORG
Old I-ORG
Boys I-ORG
0 O
Velez B-ORG
Sarsfield I-ORG
2 O

Racing B-ORG
Club I-ORG
0 O
Rosario B-ORG
Central I-ORG
2 O

River B-ORG
Plate I-ORG
0 O
Gimnasia-La B-ORG
Plata I-ORG
0 O

San B-ORG
Lorenzo I-ORG
0 O
Banfield B-ORG
1 O

Playing O
Monday O
: O
Deportivo B-ORG
Espanol I-ORG
v O
Colon B-ORG

Note O
: O
the O
Apertura B-MISC
is O
the O
first O
of O
two O
championships O
played O

in O
the O
Argentine B-MISC
season O
. O

The O
teams O
meet O
each O
other O
once O
in O
each O

tournament O
. O

There O
is O
no O
overall O
champion O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
HONDURAS B-LOC
BEAT O
CUBA B-LOC
4-0 O
IN O
FRIENDLY O
. O

TEGUCIGALPA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Honduras B-LOC
beat O
Cuba B-LOC
4-0 O

( O
halftime O
3-0 O
) O
in O
a O
friendly O
soccer O
international O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Scorers O
: O
Juan B-PER
Castro I-PER
( O
3rd O
minute O
) O
, O
Enrique B-PER
Centeno I-PER
( O
33rd O
and O

84th O
) O
, O
Carlos B-PER
Pavon I-PER
( O
37th O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BRAZILIAN B-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

RIO B-LOC
DE I-LOC
JANEIRO I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
Brazilian B-MISC

soccer O
championship O
matches O
played O
at O
the O
weekend O
. O

Bahia B-ORG
1 O
Botafogo B-ORG
2 O

Bragantino B-ORG
1 O
Vasco B-ORG
da I-ORG
Gama I-ORG
2 O

Cricuma B-ORG
4 O
Fluminense B-ORG
1 O

Cruzeiro B-ORG
2 O
Flamengo B-ORG
1 O

Goias B-ORG
0 O
Palmeiras B-ORG
0 O

Gremio B-ORG
2 O
Vitoria B-ORG
2 O

Juventude B-ORG
2 O
Internacional B-ORG
1 O

Parana B-ORG
3 O
Guarani B-ORG
0 O

Portuguesa B-ORG
3 O
Atletico B-ORG
Mineiro I-ORG
1 O

Sao B-ORG
Paulo I-ORG
2 O
Santos B-ORG
1 O

Sport B-ORG
Recife I-ORG
3 O
Coritiba B-ORG
0 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Sao B-ORG
Paulo I-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
10 O
5 O
10 O

Juventude B-ORG
5 O
3 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
10 O

Portuguesa B-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
8 O
3 O
9 O

Palmeiras B-ORG
5 O
2 O
3 O
0 O
8 O
1 O
9 O

Goias B-ORG
5 O
2 O
2 O
1 O
7 O
4 O
8 O

Gremio B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
11 O
4 O
7 O

Cruzeiro B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
7 O

Sport B-ORG
Recife I-ORG
5 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
7 O
6 O
7 O

Parana B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
5 O
7 O

Flamengo B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
4 O
6 O

Atletico B-ORG
Mineiro I-ORG
5 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
6 O
7 O
6 O

Vasco B-ORG
da I-ORG
Gama I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
6 O
7 O
6 O

Coritiba B-ORG
5 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
9 O
6 O

Botafogo B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
5 O

Internacional B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
5 O

Criciuma B-ORG
5 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
7 O
8 O
5 O

Vitoria B-ORG
5 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
5 O

Santos B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Corinthians B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
4 O

Bahia B-ORG
5 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
5 O
8 O
4 O

Fluminense B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
6 O
4 O

Atletico B-ORG
Paranaense I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
6 O
3 O

Guarani B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
5 O
1 O

Bragantino B-ORG
4 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
12 O
0 O

Note O
: O
Top O
eight O
teams O
qualify O
for O
the O
quarter-finals O
. O

If O

teams O
are O
level O
on O
points O
, O
positions O
are O
determined O
by O
the O

number O
of O
games O
won O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
PHILIPPINE B-MISC
PRO-LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

MANILA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
semi-final O
round O
games O
played O
on O
late O
Sunday O
in O
the O
Philippine B-ORG
Basketball I-ORG
Association I-ORG
second O
conference O
, O
which O
includes O
American B-MISC
players O
: O

Formula B-ORG
Shell I-ORG
beat O
Ginebra B-ORG
San I-ORG
Miguel I-ORG
89-86 O
( O
45-46 O
half-time O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
SOUTH B-MISC
KOREAN I-MISC
PRO-SOCCER O
GAMES O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
pro-soccer O

games O
played O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Puchon B-ORG
3 O
Chonan B-ORG
0 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O

Pohang B-ORG
3 O
Chonbuk B-ORG
2 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Sunday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
- O

won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

W O
D O
L O
G O
/ O
F O
G O
/ O
A O
P O

Puchon B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
0 O
7 O

Chonan B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
9 O
9 O
6 O

Pohang B-ORG
1 O
1 O
1 O
8 O
8 O
4 O

Ulsan B-ORG
1 O
0 O
1 O
6 O
6 O
3 O

Anyang B-ORG
0 O
3 O
0 O
5 O
5 O
3 O

Suwon B-ORG
0 O
3 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

Pusan B-ORG
0 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
2 O

Chonnam B-ORG
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
2 O

Chonbuk B-ORG
0 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
S. B-MISC
KOREAN I-MISC
PRO-BASEBALL O
GAMES O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC

pro-baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Sunday O
. O

OB B-ORG
2 O
Lotte B-ORG
1 O

Hanwha B-ORG
3 O
Haitai B-ORG
2 O

Hyundai B-ORG
8 O
Samsung B-ORG
1 O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
3 O
LG B-ORG
1 O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Sunday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
, O
games O
behind O
first O
place O
) O

W O
D O
L O
PCT O
GB O

Haitai B-ORG
63 O
2 O
41 O
.604 O
- O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
58 O
2 O
47 O
.551 O
5 O
1/2 O

Hyundai B-ORG
56 O
5 O
47 O
.542 O
6 O
1/2 O

Hanwha B-ORG
56 O
1 O
48 O
.538 O
7 O

Samsung B-ORG
47 O
5 O
55 O
.463 O
15 O

Lotte B-ORG
44 O
6 O
53 O
.456 O
15 O
1/2 O

LG B-ORG
44 O
5 O
58 O
.435 O
18 O

OB B-ORG
41 O
6 O
60 O
.411 O
20 O
1/2 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
MOROCCAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
. O

RABAT B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
Moroccan B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
played O
on O
Sunday O
: O

Widad B-ORG
Fes I-ORG
3 O
Oujda B-ORG
1 O

Raja B-ORG
Casablanca I-ORG
4 O
Tetouan B-ORG
0 O

Jeunesse B-ORG
Massira I-ORG
0 O
Widad B-ORG
Casablanca I-ORG
2 O

Sporting B-ORG
Sale I-ORG
0 O
Meknes B-ORG
1 O

Settat B-ORG
1 O
Marrakesh B-ORG
0 O

Khouribga B-ORG
3 O
Mohammedia B-ORG
0 O

Sidi B-ORG
Kacem I-ORG
0 O
Royal B-ORG
Armed I-ORG
Forces I-ORG
0 O

El B-ORG
Jadida I-ORG
1 O
Hassania B-ORG
Agadir I-ORG
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
QUENCH O
YOUR O
THIRST O
- O
IF O
YOU O
CAN O
AFFORD O
IT O
AT O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

Bill B-PER
Berkrot I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

A O
message O
on O
television O
monitors O
all O
around O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
reads O
: O
" O
Due O
to O
hot O
weather O
please O
seek O
shade O
and O
drink O
plenty O
of O
fluids O
" O
-- O
sound O
advice O
until O
you O
check O
out O
the O
price O
of O
fluids O
. O

Perhaps O
the O
advisory O
was O
cut O
off O
before O
concluding O
: O
" O
...and O
bring O
plenty O
of O
money O
. O
" O

A O
small O
bottle O
of O
a O
garishly-coloured O
sports O
drink O
at O
the O
sun-drenched O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
is O
going O
for O
$ O
3.75 O
, O
while O
a O
litre O
of O
basic O
, O
life-sustaining O
water O
will O
set O
you O
back O
$ O
4.00 O
-- O
for O
water O
? O

" O
At O
the O
Olympics B-MISC
water O
was O
only O
a O
dollar O
, O
and O
that O
was O
the O
Olympics B-MISC
, O
" O
said O
one O
incredulous O
fan O
, O
noting O
that O
the O
Atlanta B-MISC
Games I-MISC
had O
been O
notorious O
for O
price O
gouging O
. O

U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
officials O
managed O
to O
insult O
most O
of O
the O
male O
tennis O
players O
last O
week O
with O
their O
controversial O
handling O
of O
the O
seeding O
and O
draw O
. O

When O
the O
tournament O
began O
on O
Monday O
it O
was O
the O
fans O
' O
turn O
to O
be O
offended O
. O

" O
That O
baked O
lasagna O
better O
be O
good O
for O
$ O
8.50 O
, O
" O
said O
New B-MISC
Yorker I-MISC
Rebecca B-PER
Weinstein I-PER
, O
a O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
regular O
who O
was O
eating O
a O
sandwich O
she O
had O
brought O
from O
home O
. O

A O
trio O
of O
hungry O
fans O
at O
the O
food O
court O
who O
had O
already O
forked O
over O
the O
lasagna O
money O
pronounced O
it O
good O
, O
but O
Carol B-PER
Perry I-PER
chimed O
in O
, O
" O
The O
water O
is O
ridiculous O
, O
they O
want O
four O
dollars O
for O
the O
water O
, O
you O
might O
as O
well O
get O
a O
glass O
of O
wine O
. O
" O

Indeed O
, O
a O
nice O
glass O
of O
chardonnay O
or O
white O
zinfandel O
was O
going O
for O
$ O
4.75 O
, O
while O
an O
imported O
beer O
was O
just O
a O
bit O
more O
than O
the O
water O
at O
$ O
4.50 O
. O

What O
's O
the O
message O
here O
? O
" O

Maybe O
they O
want O
us O
to O
be O
alcoholics O
, O
" O
Perry B-PER
joked O
before O
lifting O
her O
glass O
of O
wine O
. O

Fans O
will O
be O
shelling O
out O
$ O
12.50 O
for O
a O
hamburger O
and O
a O
large O
french O
fries O
. O

And O
that O
little O
snack O
is O
guaranteed O
to O
make O
you O
thirsty O
. O

Make O
that O
$ O
16.50 O
. O

Even O
a O
sandwich O
as O
pedestrian O
as O
a O
ham O
and O
swiss O
cheese O
is O
going O
for O
a O
whopping O
$ O
8.00 O
. O

Of O
course O
, O
it O
is O
served O
on O
a O
tuscan O
roll O
. O

It O
must O
be O
the O
cost O
of O
flying O
those O
rolls O
over O
from O
Tuscany B-LOC
every O
day O
that O
drives O
up O
the O
price O
of O
the O
sandwich O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
HUBER B-PER
AND O
MALEEVA B-PER
FALL O
, O
UP-AND-COMERS O
ADVANCE O
AT O
OPEN B-MISC
. O

Larry B-PER
Fine I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Martina B-PER
Hingis I-PER
led O
a O
youthful O
charge O
and O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
finalist O
Anke B-PER
Huber I-PER
and O
Magdalena B-PER
Maleeva I-PER
were O
fallen O
seeds O
on O
Monday O
in O
a O
hot O
, O
sunny O
opening O
to O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
tennis O
championships O
. O

The O
15-year-old O
Hingis B-PER
, O
seeded O
16th O
, O
was O
honoured O
to O
play O
the O
first O
match O
of O
the O
season O
's O
last O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
on O
Stadium B-LOC
Court I-LOC
but O
happy O
to O
hurry O
off O
with O
a O
straight-sets O
victory O
over O
the O
112th-ranked O
Angeles B-PER
Montolio I-PER
of O
Spain B-LOC
. O

" O
It O
was O
very O
hot O
and O
I O
did O
n't O
want O
to O
stay O
long O
on O
the O
court O
, O
" O
said O
a O
cheery O
Hingis B-PER
, O
who O
had O
no O
worries O
in O
racing O
to O
a O
6-1 O
6-0 O
victory O
against O
the O
overmatched O
Spaniard B-MISC
. O

Hoping O
for O
a O
longer O
engagement O
on O
the O
cement O
at O
Flushing B-LOC
Meadows I-LOC
were O
the O
sixth-seeded O
Huber B-PER
of O
Germany B-LOC
and O
12th O
seed O
Maleeva B-PER
of O
Bulgaria B-LOC
. O

Huber B-PER
, O
who O
lost O
to O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
in O
the O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
final O
, O
fell O
victim O
to O
an O
unfortunate O
draw O
in O
bowing O
to O
dangerous O
floater O
Amanda B-PER
Coetzer I-PER
of O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
. O

Coetzer B-PER
, O
ranked O
17th O
, O
avenged O
her O
defeat O
to O
Huber B-PER
in O
the O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
semifinals O
by O
winning O
6-1 O
2-6 O
6-2 O
. O

" O
I O
looked O
at O
it O
as O
not O
a O
first O
round O
match O
, O
just O
a O
great O
challenge O
for O
me O
, O
" O
said O
Coetzer B-PER
, O
24 O
. O
" O

I O
was O
really O
concentrating O
on O
keeping O
my O
own O
momentum O
and O
my O
own O
rhythm O
. O

" O
She O
is O
tough O
to O
play O
in O
that O
way O
because O
she O
plays O
very O
up O
and O
down O
. O

She O
played O
one O
great O
game O
and O
than O
a O
few O
errors O
. O

The O
challenge O
was O
just O
for O
me O
to O
keep O
playing O
my O
own O
game O
. O
" O

Huber B-PER
, O
who O
reached O
the O
final O
a O
week O
ago O
at O
Manhattan B-LOC
Beach I-LOC
, O
could O
only O
mourn O
her O
luck O
of O
the O
draw O
. O

" O
I O
was O
n't O
happy O
when O
I O
saw O
the O
draw O
. O

She O
was O
the O
first O
non- O
seeded O
player O
, O
" O
said O
the O
21-year-old O
German B-MISC
. O
" O

It O
's O
always O
tough O
to O
play O
somebody O
like O
that O
in O
the O
first O
round O
in O
a O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
. O

" O
I O
think O
I O
did O
n't O
play O
that O
bad O
today O
. O

It O
was O
maybe O
my O
best O
first O
round O
match O
in O
a O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
I O
ever O
played O
. O
" O

Monday O
brought O
the O
best O
out O
in O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
rookie O
Aleksandra B-PER
Olsza I-PER
of O
Poland B-LOC
, O
ranked O
110th O
. O

The O
18-year-old O
Olsza B-PER
, O
last O
year O
's O
Wimbledon B-MISC
junior O
champion O
, O
celebrated O
her O
debut O
in O
the O
main O
draw O
of O
the O
Open B-MISC
by O
removing O
Maleeva B-PER
6-4 O
6-2 O
. O

The O
curtain-raising O
victories O
by O
Hingis B-PER
and O
Olsza B-PER
provided O
a O
ringing O
endorsement O
for O
the O
newest O
wave O
of O
women O
's O
players O
coming O
up O
from O
the O
junior O
ranks O
. O

The O
Swiss B-MISC
teenager O
, O
a O
twice O
French B-MISC
Open I-MISC
junior O
champion O
and O
a O
Wimbledon B-MISC
juniors O
winner O
, O
had O
already O
proven O
her O
main O
stage O
mettle O
by O
reaching O
the O
quarters O
at O
this O
year O
's O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

" O
I O
hope O
I O
can O
get O
into O
the O
last O
16 O
, O
" O
said O
Hingis B-PER
, O
seeded O
to O
face O
third O
seed O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
in O
the O
fourth O
round O
. O

Hingis B-PER
has O
been O
working O
hard O
on O
conditioning O
and O
has O
lost O
eight O
pounds O
( O
3.5 O
kilos O
) O
in O
advance O
of O
the O
championships O
. O

" O
There O
will O
be O
tough O
matches O
but O
I O
hope O
I O
can O
get O
there O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O
" O

Then O
we O
'll O
see O
if O
Arantxa B-PER
will O
be O
there O
, O
too O
. O
" O

The O
fast-moving O
Olsza B-PER
, O
18 O
, O
was O
cool O
in O
her O
opening O
match O
. O

" O
I O
was O
n't O
scared O
when O
I O
heard O
that O
I O
was O
playing O
Maleeva B-PER
, O
" O
said O
Olsza B-PER
. O
" O

I O
know O
that O
if O
I O
want O
to O
play O
professional O
tennis O
I O
have O
to O
do O
my O
best O
to O
try O
to O
beat O
her O
and O
I O
ca O
n't O
be O
scared O
. O
" O

Olsza B-PER
is O
undaunted O
by O
the O
level O
of O
competition O
in O
the O
pros O
. O

" O
In O
terms O
of O
tennis O
, O
I O
think O
the O
junior O
players O
are O
really O
good O
now O
. O

In O
a O
few O
years O
, O
it O
could O
change O
a O
lot O
among O
the O
top O
players O
. O
" O

Two O
big-serving O
women O
's O
players O
made O
quick O
work O
of O
Japanese B-MISC
opponents O
. O

Brenda B-PER
Schultz-McCarthy I-PER
of O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
, O
the O
13th O
seed O
, O
was O
a O
6-1 O
6-4 O
winner O
over O
Japan B-LOC
's O
Nana B-PER
Miyaga I-PER
, O
while O
Czech B-MISC
veteran O
Helena B-PER
Sukova I-PER
prevailed O
over O
Yone B-PER
Kamio I-PER
6-2 O
6-3 O
. O

Austrian B-MISC
Barbara B-PER
Paulus I-PER
, O
seeded O
14th O
, O
also O
reached O
the O
second O
round O
with O
a O
6-2 O
6-1 O
victory O
over O
Yi B-PER
Jing-Qian I-PER
of O
China B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
STICH B-PER
GLAD O
HE O
STAYED O
AFTER O
OPEN B-MISC
VICTORY O
. O

Richard B-PER
Finn I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Michael B-PER
Stich I-PER
nearly O
pulled O
out O
of O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
in O
protest O
over O
the O
men O
's O
seeding O
fiasco O
but O
the O
former O
Wimbledon B-MISC
champion O
was O
glad O
he O
stayed O
after O
sweating O
out O
a O
four-set O
win O
on O
Monday O
over O
qualifier O
Tommy B-PER
Haas I-PER
. O

" O
I O
still O
feel O
it O
's O
embarrassing O
what O
happened O
and O
I O
was O
about O
to O
pull O
out O
yesterday O
and O
say O
, O
' O
That O
's O
it O
, O
' O
" O
said O
Stich B-PER
, O
one O
of O
a O
host O
of O
men O
who O
cried O
foul O
over O
seeding O
procedures O
that O
forced O
an O
unprecedented O
remaking O
of O
the O
men O
's O
draw O
last O
week O
. O

" O
But O
there O
are O
so O
many O
reasons O
to O
play O
, O
especially O
spectators O
and O
the O
kids O
who O
come O
out O
here O
and O
want O
to O
enjoy O
watching O
tennis O
, O
that O
I O
decided O
to O
stay O
. O
" O

In O
a O
break O
from O
tradition O
, O
the O
Open B-MISC
did O
not O
seed O
in O
strict O
accordance O
with O
ATP B-ORG
rankings O
, O
instead O
taking O
into O
account O
other O
factors O
that O
raised O
objections O
of O
favourtism O
toward O
U.S. B-LOC
players O
. O

One O
prominent O
player O
that O
did O
not O
stay O
for O
the O
Open B-MISC
was O
French B-MISC
Open I-MISC
champion O
Yvegeny B-PER
Kafelnikov I-PER
, O
who O
after O
being O
dropped O
three O
spots O
from O
his O
ATP B-ORG
ranking O
to O
a O
seventh O
seeding O
, O
withdrew O
and O
returned O
home O
to O
Russia B-LOC
. O

Kafelnikov B-PER
had O
pulled O
out O
of O
last O
week O
's O
tournament O
with O
a O
rib O
injury O
. O

At O
a O
news O
conference O
attended O
by O
approximately O
50 O
players O
on O
Sunday O
, O
U.S. B-LOC
Davis B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
player O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
expressed O
the O
players O
' O
outrage O
at O
the O
seedings O
. O

" O
The O
way O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
has O
seeded O
here O
, O
tampering O
with O
the O
ranking O
system O
, O
has O
tarnished O
the O
image O
and O
reputation O
of O
this O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
in O
the O
players O
' O
mind O
, O
and O
we O
think O
that O
is O
damaging O
to O
our O
sport O
, O
" O
Martin B-PER
said O
. O

Stich B-PER
said O
he O
felt O
the O
players O
ought O
to O
have O
organised O
an O
active O
protest O
. O

" O
I O
feel O
that O
we O
made O
it O
a O
little O
easy O
for O
the O
USTA B-ORG
. O

They O
did O
n't O
really O
get O
hurt O
as O
much O
as O
I O
think O
they O
should O
have O
, O
" O
said O
Stich B-PER
. O
" O

I O
feel O
that O
we O
should O
have O
maybe O
just O
cancelled O
out O
the O
Monday O
, O
not O
show O
up O
today O
and O
start O
the O
tournament O
tomorrow O
. O
" O

But O
once O
the O
27-year-old O
Stich B-PER
got O
on O
the O
court O
, O
he O
focused O
his O
energies O
on O
trying O
to O
win O
the O
year O
's O
last O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
. O

He O
took O
a O
positive O
first O
step O
with O
his O
6-3 O
1-6 O
6-1 O
7-5 O
win O
over O
compatriot O
Haas B-PER
on O
a O
sun-baked O
Grandstand B-MISC
court O
. O

Others O
advancing O
early O
on O
Monday O
included O
11th-seeded O
American B-MISC
Malivai B-PER
Washington I-PER
, O
the O
Wimbledon B-MISC
runner-up O
, O
Sweden B-LOC
's O
Magnus B-PER
Gustafsson I-PER
, O
and O
two-time O
former O
French B-MISC
Open I-MISC
champion O
Sergi B-PER
Bruguera I-PER
of O
Spain B-LOC
, O
who O
will O
be O
Stich B-PER
's O
next O
opponent O
. O

The O
suspicion O
, O
however O
, O
lingers O
in O
Stich B-PER
's O
mind O
that O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
officials O
did O
tamper O
with O
the O
seeding O
process O
in O
order O
to O
benefit O
homegrown O
players O
. O

" O
I O
get O
the O
feeling O
that O
everything O
is O
done O
here O
for O
the O
American B-MISC
players O
and O
they O
forget O
about O
all O
the O
other O
players O
, O
" O
said O
Stich B-PER
, O
who O
lost O
the O
1994 O
Open B-MISC
final O
to O
Andre B-PER
Agassi I-PER
. O

It O
was O
Agassi B-PER
who O
was O
at O
the O
centre O
of O
the O
controversy O
that O
engulfed O
the O
tournament O
since O
the O
original O
draw O
was O
completed O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
flamboyant O
American B-MISC
star O
was O
bumped O
up O
two O
spots O
from O
his O
ATP B-ORG
ranking O
of O
eight O
to O
a O
seeding O
of O
six O
. O

" O
He O
( O
Agassi B-PER
) O
should O
be O
seeded O
the O
way O
he O
is O
playing O
tennis O
right O
now O
, O
" O
said O
Stich B-PER
about O
the O
unfairness O
of O
moving O
up O
Agassi B-PER
, O
who O
made O
early O
exits O
from O
the O
French B-MISC
Open I-MISC
and O
Wimbledon B-MISC
. O

Stich B-PER
, O
not O
seeded O
here O
for O
the O
first O
time O
since O
1990 O
, O
might O
have O
benefitted O
from O
some O
fiddling O
with O
the O
seedings O
himself O
after O
Kafelnikov B-PER
withdrew O
. O

Ranked O
18th O
in O
the O
world O
, O
Stich B-PER
might O
have O
been O
slipped O
into O
that O
spot O
ahead O
of O
Spain B-LOC
's O
Felix B-PER
Mantilla I-PER
, O
who O
is O
16th O
but O
had O
never O
been O
played O
in O
the O
Open B-MISC
and O
had O
been O
left O
out O
of O
the O
seedings O
originally O
. O

But O
Stich B-PER
did O
n't O
want O
to O
play O
that O
game O
. O

" O
I O
think O
he O
deserves O
to O
be O
seeded O
as O
everybody O
else O
who O
is O
in O
the O
top O
16 O
deserves O
to O
be O
seeded O
, O
" O
Stich B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
MONDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
FROM O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Results O
of O
first O
round O
matches O
on O
Monday O
in O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
tennis O
championships O
at O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
( O
prefix O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Women O
's O
singles O

16 O
- O
Martina B-PER
Hingis I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Angeles B-PER
Montolio I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-0 O

Anne-Gaelle B-PER
Sidot I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Janette B-PER
Husarova I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O

13 O
- O
Brenda B-PER
Schultz-McCarthy I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nana B-PER
Miyagi I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-4 O

Aleksandra B-PER
Olsza I-PER
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O
beat O
12 O
- O
Magdalena B-PER
Maleeva I-PER
( O
Bulgaria B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Michael B-PER
Stich I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Tommy B-PER
Haas I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
1-6 O
6-1 O
7-5 O

Sergi B-PER
Bruguera I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kris B-PER
Goossens I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-0 O
7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O

Frederic B-PER
Vitoux I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ramon B-PER
Delgado I-PER
( O
Paraguay B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O
7-6 O
( O
7-3 O
) O

Women O
's O
singles O

Henrietta B-PER
Nagyova I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Gala B-PER
Leon I-PER
Garcia I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
4-6 O
6-3 O

Asa B-PER
Carlsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Gloria B-PER
Pizzichini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
3-6 O
6-1 O
7-5 O

Barbara B-PER
Schett I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sabine B-PER
Appelmans I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
1-6 O
6-4 O
6-4 O

Cristina B-PER
Torrens-Valero I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sabine B-PER
Hack I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
2-6 O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Women O
's O
singles O

Helena B-PER
Sukova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Yone B-PER
Kamio I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-3 O

Irina B-PER
Spirlea I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
beat O
Petra B-PER
Begerow I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O

Maria B-PER
Jose I-PER
Gaidano I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Melanie B-PER
Schnell I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-0 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Carlos B-PER
Moya I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Scott B-PER
Humphries I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-7 O
( O
3-7 O
) O
6-7 O
( O
1-7 O
) O
6-0 O
6-4 O

Kenneth B-PER
Carlsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
beat O
Patrick B-PER
Rafter I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
9-7 O
) O
6-3 O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O

Magnus B-PER
Gustafsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Carlos B-PER
Costa I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
4-6 O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6-3 O

Jeff B-PER
Tarango I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Alex B-PER
Radulescu I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
6-7 O
( O
5-7 O
) O
6-4 O
6-1 O
retired O
, O
heat O
exhaustion O

Men O
's O
singles O

11 O
- O
MaliVai B-PER
Washington I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Karim B-PER
Alami I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
2-6 O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O
6-1 O

Dirk B-PER
Dier I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Chuck B-PER
Adams I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
2-6 O
6-4 O
6-4 O

Jason B-PER
Stoltenberg I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Stefano B-PER
Pescosolido I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
6-4 O
6-1 O

Arnaud B-PER
Boetsch I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nicolas B-PER
Pereira I-PER
( O
Venezuela B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6-4 O
7-5 O

David B-PER
Prinosil I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Peter B-PER
Tramacchi I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O
3-6 O
6-7 O
( O
5-7 O
) O
6-1 O

Women O
's O
singles O

Amanda B-PER
Coetzer I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
6 O
- O
Anke B-PER
Huber I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
2-6 O
6-2 O

Anna B-PER
Kournikova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ludmila B-PER
Richterova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6-3 O

Debbie B-PER
Graham I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Stephanie B-PER
Deville I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Barbara B-PER
Rittner I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Katarina B-PER
Studenikova I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
7-5 O

Kristina B-PER
Brandi I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Andrea B-PER
Glass I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-3 O

Ines B-PER
Gorrochategui I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Magdalena B-PER
Grzybowska I-PER
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O
4-6 O
6-4 O
6-1 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Alberto B-PER
Berasategui I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Cecil B-PER
Mamiit I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-4 O
6-0 O

Guillaume B-PER
Raoux I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Filip B-PER
Dewulf I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O
3-6 O
1-6 O
6-4 O
7-5 O

Alex B-PER
O'Brien I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nicolas B-PER
Lapentti I-PER
( O
Ecuador B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
1-6 O
6-4 O
6-3 O

2 O
- O
Michael B-PER
Chang I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jaime B-PER
Oncins I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
3-6 O
6-1 O
6-0 O
7 O
- O
6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O

Women O
's O
singles O

14 O
- O
Barbara B-PER
Paulus I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Yi B-PER
Jing-Qian I-PER
( O
China B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-1 O

Wang B-PER
Shi-Ting I-PER
( O
Taiwan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Corina B-PER
Morariu I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-7 O
( O
5-7 O
) O
6-2 O

Linda B-PER
Wild I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sung-Hee B-PER
Park I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-3 O

Sarah B-PER
Pitkowski I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Meghann B-PER
Shaughnessy I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6- O
3 O

Dally B-PER
Randriantefy I-PER
( O
Madagascar B-LOC
) O
beat O
Elena B-PER
Makarova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
6- O
3 O
1-6 O
7-5 O

Laurence B-PER
Courtois I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
beat O
Flora B-LOC
Perfetti B-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
3-6 O
6-2 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Leander B-PER
Paes I-PER
( O
India B-LOC
) O
beat O
Marcos B-PER
Ondruska I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-3 O
) O
6-2 O
7-5 O

Jan B-PER
Siemerink I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
Carl-Uwe B-PER
Steeb I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
4-6 O
6 O
- O
1 O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6-4 O

Neville B-PER
Godwin I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
Tomas B-PER
Carbonell I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-2 O
3-6 O
6-1 O

Jim B-PER
Grabb I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sandon B-PER
Stolle I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
7-5 O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O

Women O
's O
singles O

Alexandra B-PER
Fusai I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jill B-PER
Craybas I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
2-6 O
7-5 O

Naoko B-PER
Kijimuta I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Tatyana B-PER
Jecmenica I-PER
( O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O

Nathalie B-PER
Dechy I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Christina B-PER
Singer I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-0 O

Jane B-PER
Chi I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Maria B-PER
Antonio I-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Lorenzo I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
1-6 O
6-3 O

Els B-PER
Callens I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nicole B-PER
Bradtke I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O
7-6 O
( O
9-7 O
) O

Natalia B-PER
Baudone I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jolene B-PER
Watanabe I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
4-6 O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O

Ai B-PER
Sugiyama I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jana B-PER
Kandarr I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-1 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
CUBS B-ORG
EDGE O
BRAVES B-ORG
WITH O
RUN O
IN O
TOP O
OF O
NINTH O
. O

ATLANTA B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Brian B-PER
McRae I-PER
singled O
in O
Tyler B-PER
Houston I-PER
in O
the O
top O
of O
the O
ninth O
inning O
to O
snap O
a O
tie O
as O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
Cubs I-ORG
avoided O
a O
three-game O
sweep O
with O
3-2 O
victory O
over O
the O
Atlanta B-ORG
Braves I-ORG
on O
Sunday O
. O

The O
Braves B-ORG
scored O
four O
runs O
in O
the O
ninth O
for O
a O
6-5 O
victory O
on O
Saturday O
. O

Kevin B-PER
Foster I-PER
( O
5-2 O
) O
won O
his O
second O
straight O
start O
, O
allowing O
two O
runs O
and O
six O
hits O
with O
two O
walks O
and O
three O
strikeouts O
over O
eight O
innings O
. O

" O
The O
biggest O
thing O
was O
my O
fastball O
, O
I O
was O
able O
to O
rotate O
it O
pretty O
good O
, O
" O
Foster B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Also O
, O
I O
was O
able O
to O
keep O
my O
changeup O
down O
. O
" O

At O
Colorado B-LOC
, O
Vinny B-PER
Castilla I-PER
homered O
twice O
and O
drove O
in O
four O
runs O
and O
Larry B-PER
Walker I-PER
went O
3-for-4 O
with O
a O
homer O
and O
three O
RBI B-MISC
as O
the O
Colorado B-ORG
Rockies I-ORG
outslugged O
the O
Pittsburgh B-ORG
Pirates I-ORG
13-9 O
in O
the O
rubber O
game O
of O
a O
three-game O
series O
. O

Castilla B-ORG
's O
first O
homer O
of O
the O
game O
, O
a O
solo O
shot O
in O
the O
seventh O
off O
reliever O
Marc B-PER
Wilkins I-PER
( O
3-1 O
) O
extended O
Colorado B-ORG
's O
lead O
to O
9-7 O
. O

He O
added O
a O
three-run O
homer O
in O
the O
eighth O
off O
John B-PER
Ericks I-PER
to O
make O
it O
13-8 O
. O

At O
Florida B-LOC
, O
Edgar B-PER
Renteria I-PER
's O
two-out O
single O
in O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
ninth O
inning O
scored O
Jesus B-PER
Tavarez I-PER
with O
the O
winning O
run O
as O
the O
Florida B-ORG
Marlins I-ORG
edged O
the O
Cincinnati B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
6-5 O
. O

" O
Right O
after O
Edgar B-PER
made O
contact O
, O
I O
knew O
I O
had O
to O
score O
, O
" O
said O
Tavarez B-PER
. O
" O

I O
knew O
I O
would O
score O
even O
if O
he O
fielded O
it O
cleanly O
, O
he O
could O
n't O
throw O
me O
out O
. O
" O

" O
Edgar B-PER
is O
a O
tremendous O
player O
right O
now O
, O
" O
said O
Florida B-ORG
manager O
John B-PER
Boles I-PER
. O
" O

But O
I O
ca O
n't O
wait O
to O
see O
how O
good O
he O
'll O
be O
when O
he O
grows O
up O
. O
" O

In O
San B-LOC
Francisco I-LOC
, O
Osvaldo B-PER
Fenandez I-PER
fired O
a O
seven-hitter O
and O
Trenidad B-PER
Hubbard I-PER
belted O
a O
two-run O
homer O
as O
the O
San B-ORG
Francisco I-ORG
Giants I-ORG
ended O
a O
three-game O
losing O
streak O
by O
defeating O
the O
Montreal B-ORG
Expos I-ORG
, O
7-2 O
. O

Fernandez B-PER
( O
6-13 O
) O
allowed O
two O
runs O
, O
walked O
one O
and O
struck O
out O
eight O
for O
his O
second O
career O
complete O
game O
, O
both O
against O
Montreal B-ORG
. O

In O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
, O
Greg B-PER
Gagne I-PER
had O
a O
run-scoring O
single O
and O
Chad B-PER
Curtis I-PER
drew O
a O
bases-loaded O
walk O
in O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
eighth O
inning O
as O
the O
Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
Dodgers I-ORG
rallied O
for O
a O
6-5 O
victory O
and O
a O
three-game O
sweep O
of O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Mets I-ORG
. O

" O
It O
was O
one O
of O
these O
games O
where O
you O
get O
three O
straight O
pinch-hits O
and O
a O
walk O
of O
a O
pinch-hitter O
, O
that O
's O
how O
you O
win O
pennants O
, O
" O
Dodgers B-ORG
manager O
Bill B-PER
Russell I-PER
said O
. O
" O

Mike B-PER
Piazza I-PER

In O
San B-LOC
Diego I-LOC
, O
Steve B-PER
Finley I-PER
and O
Jody B-PER
Reed I-PER
drove O
in O
three O
runs O
apiece O
as O
the O
San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
Padres I-ORG
built O
a O
six-run O
lead O
after O
three O
innings O
and O
cruised O
to O
an O
11-2 O
victory O
over O
the O
Philadelphia B-ORG
Phillies I-ORG
. O

Ken B-PER
Caminiti I-PER
added O
two O
RBI B-MISC
for O
the O
Padres B-ORG
, O
who O
have O
won O
six O
of O
their O
last O
seven O
games O
and O
remained O
one O
game O
ahead O
of O
the O
Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
Dodgers I-ORG
in O
the O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
West I-MISC
. O

In O
Houston B-LOC
, O
Jeff B-PER
Bagwell I-PER
homered O
and O
Donne B-PER
Wall I-PER
allowed O
one O
run O
over O
seven O
innings O
as O
the O
Houston B-ORG
Astros I-ORG
defeated O
the O
St. B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
Cardinals I-ORG
4-1 O
. O

Wall B-PER
( O
8-4 O
) O
allowed O
three O
hits O
, O
walked O
two O
and O
struck O
out O
seven O
as O
the O
Astros B-ORG
moved O
1-1/2 O
games O
ahead O
of O
the O
Cardinals B-ORG
for O
the O
lead O
in O
the O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
Central I-MISC
. O

He O
left O
the O
game O
with O
a O
knot O
in O
his O
right O
shoulder O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
SUNDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Sunday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
74 O
55 O
.574 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
68 O
61 O
.527 O
6 O

BOSTON B-ORG
66 O
65 O
.504 O
9 O

TORONTO B-ORG
61 O
70 O
.466 O
14 O

DETROIT B-ORG
47 O
83 O
.362 O
27 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
77 O
53 O
.592 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
70 O
62 O
.530 O
8 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
65 O
65 O
.500 O
12 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
62 O
69 O
.473 O
15 O
1/2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
59 O
73 O
.447 O
19 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
75 O
56 O
.573 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
66 O
63 O
.512 O
8 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
63 O
70 O
.474 O
13 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
61 O
69 O
.469 O
13 O
1/2 O

MONDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
26TH O
SCHEDULE O

CLEVELAND B-ORG
AT O
DETROIT B-LOC

OAKLAND B-ORG
AT O
BALTIMORE B-LOC

MINNESOTA B-ORG
AT O
TORONTO B-LOC

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

BOSTON B-ORG
AT O
CALIFORNIA B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
SEATTLE B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
81 O
48 O
.628 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
70 O
59 O
.543 O
11 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
61 O
70 O
.466 O
21 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
72 O
.450 O
23 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
53 O
78 O
.405 O
29 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
70 O
61 O
.534 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
68 O
62 O
.523 O
1 O
1/2 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
64 O
64 O
.500 O
4 O
1/2 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
64 O
65 O
.496 O
5 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
55 O
75 O
.423 O
14 O
1/2 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
72 O
60 O
.545 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
70 O
60 O
.538 O
1 O

COLORADO B-ORG
68 O
63 O
.519 O
3 O
1/2 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
55 O
73 O
.430 O
15 O

MONDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
26TH O
SCHEDULE O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

CINCINNATI B-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
BONDS B-PER
' O
CONSECUTIVE O
GAME O
STREAK O
ENDS O
. O

SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC
1996-08-25 O

San B-ORG
Francisco I-ORG
Giants I-ORG
All-Star B-MISC
left O
fielder O
Barry B-PER
Bonds I-PER
did O
not O
appear O
in O
Sunday O
's O
7-2 O
victory O
over O
the O
Montreal B-ORG
Expos I-ORG
, O
ending O
his O
consecutive O
games O
streak O
. O

After O
appearing O
as O
a O
pinch-hitter O
in O
the O
previous O
two O
games O
, O
Bonds B-PER
, O
who O
has O
been O
battling O
a O
hamstring O
injury O
, O
did O
not O
see O
any O
action O
today O
, O
ending O
his O
streak O
at O
357 O
consecutive O
games O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second-longest O
streak O
by O
an O
active O
player O
in O
the O
the O
majors O
behind O
Baltimore B-ORG
's O
Cal B-PER
Ripken I-PER
, O
who O
appeared O
in O
his O
major-league O
record O
2,282nd O
straight O
game O
today O
, O
a O
13-0 O
loss O
to O
the O
California B-ORG
Angels I-ORG
. O

Bonds B-PER
has O
been O
limited O
to O
a O
pinch-hitting O
role O
since O
an O
MRI B-MISC
Friday O
showed O
a O
mild O
strain O
of O
his O
left O
hamstring O
. O

Bonds B-PER
came O
out O
of O
Wednesday O
's O
game O
against O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
in O
the O
ninth O
inning O
after O
suffering O
a O
mild O
hamstring O
strain O
. O

He O
was O
back O
in O
the O
starting O
lineup O
Thursday O
night O
and O
went O
1-for-2 O
before O
exiting O
in O
the O
third O
inning O
. O

The O
32-year-old O
Bonds B-PER
is O
hitting O
.307 O
with O
35 O
homers O
and O
107 O
RBI B-MISC
and O
has O
been O
one O
of O
the O
few O
bright O
spots O
for O
the O
last-place O
Giants B-ORG
. O

Chicago B-ORG
Cubs I-ORG
outfielder O
Sammy B-PER
Sosa I-PER
had O
the O
third-longest O
streak O
at O
304 O
games O
, O
but O
that O
ended O
earlier O
this O
week O
when O
he O
suffered O
a O
broken O
bone O
in O
his O
right O
hand O
. O

Atlanta B-ORG
Braves I-ORG
first O
baseman O
Fred B-PER
McGriff I-PER
owns O
the O
second-longest O
streak O
at O
295 O
games O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
JONK B-PER
RETURNS O
TO O
DUTCH B-MISC
SQUAD O
FOR O
BRAZIL B-LOC
FRIENDLY O
. O

ROTTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Dutch B-MISC
coach O
Guus B-PER
Hiddink I-PER
on O
Monday O
recalled O
midfielder O
Wim B-PER
Jonk I-PER
after O
a O
14-month O
absence O
for O
a O
friendly O
against O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
holders O
Brazil B-LOC
in O
Amsterdam B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
. O

Feyenoord B-ORG
midfielder O
Jean-Paul B-PER
van I-PER
Gastel I-PER
was O
also O
named O
to O
make O
his O
debut O
in O
the O
18-man O
squad O
. O

Hiddink B-PER
did O
not O
name O
a O
replacement O
captain O
for O
Danny B-PER
Blind I-PER
, O
who O
announced O
his O
retirement O
from O
international O
soccer O
on O
Sunday O
. O

Ronald B-PER
de I-PER
Boer I-PER
and O
Dennis B-PER
Bergkamp I-PER
are O
the O
likely O
contenders O
to O
lead O
the O
team O
. O

The O
35-year-old O
Blind B-PER
, O
who O
won O
42 O
caps O
for O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
, O
said O
he O
wanted O
to O
concentrate O
on O
playing O
for O
his O
Dutch B-MISC
club O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
. O

AC B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
midfielder O
Edgar B-PER
Davids I-PER
, O
who O
was O
sent O
home O
early O
from O
the O
European B-MISC
championship O
in O
England B-LOC
after O
a O
clash O
with O
the O
coach O
, O
was O
left O
out O
of O
the O
squad O
. O

Squad O
: O

Goalkeepers O
- O
Edwin B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Sar I-PER
( O
Ajax B-ORG
) O
, O
Ed B-PER
de I-PER
Goey I-PER
( O
Feyenoord B-ORG
) O
. O

Defenders O
- O
Frank B-PER
de I-PER
Boer I-PER
( O
Ajax B-ORG
) O
, O
John B-PER
Veldman I-PER
( O
Ajax B-ORG
) O
, O
Jaap B-PER
Stam I-PER
( O
PSV B-ORG
) O
, O
Arthur B-PER
Numan I-PER
( O
PSV B-ORG
) O
, O
Michael B-PER
Reiziger I-PER
( O
AC B-ORG
Milan I-ORG
) O
, O
Johan B-PER
de I-PER
Kock I-PER
( O
Schalke B-ORG
' O
04 O
) O
. O

Midfielders O
- O
Richard B-PER
Witschge I-PER
( O
Ajax B-ORG
) O
, O
Philip B-PER
Cocu I-PER
( O
PSV B-ORG
) O
, O
Wim B-PER
Jonk I-PER
( O
PSV B-ORG
) O
, O
Aron B-PER
Winter I-PER
( O
Internazionale B-ORG
) O
, O
Jean-Paul B-PER
van I-PER
Gastel I-PER
( O
Feyenoord B-ORG
) O
, O
Clarence B-PER
Seedorf I-PER
( O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
) O
. O

Strikers O
- O
Ronald B-PER
de I-PER
Boer I-PER
( O
Ajax B-ORG
) O
, O
Gaston B-PER
Taument I-PER
( O
Feyenoord B-ORG
) O
, O
Jordi B-PER
Cruyff I-PER
( O
Manchester B-ORG
United I-ORG
) O
, O
Dennis B-PER
Bergkamp I-PER
( O
Arsenal B-ORG
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BARCELONA B-ORG
BEAT O
ATLETICO B-ORG
5-2 O
IN O
SUPERCUP B-MISC
. O

BARCELONA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Barcelona B-ORG
beat O
Atletico B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
5-2 O
( O
halftime O
2-1 O
) O
in O
the O
Spanish B-MISC
Supercup I-MISC
on O
Sunday O
: O

Scorers O
: O

Barcelona B-ORG
- O
Ronaldo B-PER
( O
5th O
and O
89th O
minutes O
) O
, O
Giovanni B-PER
( O
31st O
) O
, O
Pizzi B-PER
( O
73rd O
) O
, O
De B-PER
la I-PER
Pena I-PER
( O
75th O
) O

Atletico B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
- O
Esnaider B-PER
( O
37th O
) O
, O
Pantic B-PER
( O
57th O
, O
penalty O
) O

Attendance O
30,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
AUSTRIA B-LOC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

VIENNA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Result O
of O
an O
Austrian B-MISC
first O

division O
soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Sunday O
: O

SV B-ORG
Ried I-ORG
0 O
SV B-ORG
Salzburg I-ORG
4 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

FC B-ORG
Tirol I-ORG
Innsbruck I-ORG
6 O
4 O
2 O
0 O
13 O
5 O
14 O

SV B-ORG
Salzburg I-ORG
6 O
4 O
2 O
0 O
8 O
1 O
14 O

Austria B-ORG
Vienna I-ORG
6 O
4 O
2 O
0 O
9 O
5 O
14 O

Sturm B-ORG
Graz I-ORG
6 O
2 O
3 O
1 O
8 O
5 O
9 O

GAK B-ORG
6 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
8 O
10 O
6 O

Rapid B-ORG
Wien I-ORG
5 O
0 O
5 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
5 O

SV B-ORG
Ried I-ORG
6 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
6 O
9 O
4 O

Linzer B-ORG
ASK I-ORG
5 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
4 O
8 O
3 O

Admira B-ORG
/ I-ORG
Wacker I-ORG
6 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
5 O
10 O
3 O

FC B-ORG
Linz I-ORG
6 O
0 O
2 O
4 O
1 O
9 O
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
BEAT O
ZIMBABWE B-LOC
BY O
125 O
RUNS O
IN O
ONE-DAY O
MATCH O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Australia B-LOC
beat O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
by O
125 O
runs O
in O
the O
first O
match O
of O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
one-day O
( O
50 O
overs O
) O
cricket O
tournament O
on O
Monday O
. O

Scores O
: O
Australia B-LOC
263-7 O
in O
50 O
overs O
, O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
138 O
all O
out O
in O
41 O
overs O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
SCOREBOARD-AUSTRALIA B-MISC
V O
ZIMBABWE B-LOC
ONE-DAY O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Scoreboard O
in O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC

Series B-MISC
one-day O
( O
50 O
overs O
) O
cricket O
match O
between O
Australia B-LOC
and O

Zimbabwe B-LOC
on O
Monday O
: O

Australia B-LOC

M. B-PER
Slater I-PER
c O
P. B-PER
Strang I-PER
b O
Whittall B-PER
50 O

M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
b O
P. B-PER
Strang I-PER
18 O

R. B-PER
Ponting I-PER
c O
and O
b O
Whittall B-PER
53 O

S. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
c O
Campbell B-PER
b O
Whittall B-PER
82 O

S. B-PER
Law I-PER
b O
Streak B-PER
20 O

M. B-PER
Bevan I-PER
c O
Campbell B-PER
b O
Brandes B-PER
9 O

I. B-PER
Healy I-PER
b O
Brandes B-PER
5 O

B. B-PER
Hogg I-PER
not O
out O
11 O

Extras O
( O
b-1 O
lb-8 O
w-3 O
nb-3 O
) O
15 O

Total O
( O
for O
seven O
wickets O
- O
50 O
overs O
) O
263 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-48 O
2-92 O
3-167 O
4-230 O
5-240 O
6-242 O
7-263 O

Did O
not O
bat O
: O
P. B-PER
Reiffel I-PER
, O
D. B-PER
Flemming I-PER
, O
G. B-PER
McGrath I-PER

Bowling O
: O
Streak B-PER
10-1-50-1 O
( O
2w O
, O
2nb O
) O
, O
Brandes B-PER
10-1-47-2 O
( O
1w O
) O
, O

P. B-PER
Strang I-PER
9-0-41-1 O
, O
Flower B-PER
6-0-28-0 O
, O
Whittall B-PER
10-0-53-3 O
( O
1nb O
) O
, O

Decker B-PER
3-0-17-0 O
, O
Shah B-PER
2-0-18-0 O

Zimbabwe B-LOC

A. B-PER
Shah I-PER
c O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
b O
Hogg B-PER
41 O

G. B-PER
Flower I-PER
c O
Ponting B-PER
b O
Flemming B-PER
7 O

A. B-PER
Flower I-PER
lbw O
b O
Flemming B-PER
0 O

A. B-PER
Campbell I-PER
lbw O
b O
McGrath B-PER
9 O

C. B-PER
Wishart I-PER
c O
Healy B-PER
b O
Reiffel B-PER
0 O

G. B-PER
Whittall I-PER
b O
Reiffel B-PER
11 O

C. B-PER
Evans I-PER
c O
Healy B-PER
b O
S. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
15 O

M. B-PER
Dekker I-PER
not O
out O
8 O

P. B-PER
Strang I-PER
b O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
9 O

H. B-PER
Streak I-PER
b O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
0 O

E. B-PER
Brandes I-PER
c O
Hogg B-PER
b O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
17 O

Extras O
( O
lb-4 O
w-10 O
nb-7 O
) O
21 O

Total O
( O
all O
out O
- O
41 O
overs O
) O
138 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-16 O
2-16 O
3-33 O
4-35 O
5-56 O
6-98 O
7-100 O
8-120 O

9-120 O

Bowling O
: O
McGrath B-PER
7-2-13-1 O
( O
2w O
) O
, O
Flemming B-PER
7-0-24-2 O
( O
3w O
, O
3nb O
) O
, O

Reiffel B-PER
6-1-23-2 O
( O
2nb O
) O
, O
S. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
7-2-24-1 O
( O
1nb O
, O
2w O
) O
, O
Hogg B-PER

9-2-26-1 O
( O
1nb O
, O
3w O
) O
, O
M. B-PER
Waugh I-PER
5-1-24-3 O

Result O
: O
Australia B-LOC
won O
by O
125 O
runs O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
263-7 O
IN O
50 O
OVERS O
V O
ZIMBABWE B-LOC
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Australia B-LOC
scored O
263-7 O
in O
their O
50 O
overs O
against O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
in O
the O
first O
day-night O
limited O
overs O
match O
of O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
tournament O
on O
Monday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
AUSTRALIA B-LOC
WIN O
TOSS O
, O
OPT O
TO O
BAT O
AGAINST O
ZIMBABWE B-LOC
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Australia B-LOC
won O
the O
toss O
and O
decided O
to O
bat O
against O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
in O
the O
first O
day-night O
limited O
overs O
match O
of O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
tournament O
on O
Monday O
. O

Teams O
: O

Australia B-LOC
- O
Mark B-PER
Waugh I-PER
, O
Michael B-PER
Slater I-PER
, O
Ricky B-PER
Ponting I-PER
, O
Steve B-PER
Waugh I-PER
, O
Stuart B-PER
Law I-PER
, O
Michael B-PER
Bevan I-PER
, O
Ian B-PER
Healy I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Brad B-PER
Hogg I-PER
, O
Paul B-PER
Reiffel I-PER
, O
Damein B-PER
Fleming I-PER
, O
Glenn B-PER
McGrath I-PER
. O

Zimbabwe B-LOC
- O
Alistair B-PER
Campbell I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Andy B-PER
Flower I-PER
, O
Grant B-PER
Flower I-PER
, O
Guy B-PER
Whittall I-PER
, O
Craig B-PER
Evans I-PER
, O
Eddo B-PER
Brandes I-PER
, O
Heath B-PER
Streak I-PER
, O
Paul B-PER
Strang I-PER
, O
Craig B-PER
Wishart I-PER
, O
Ali B-PER
Shah I-PER
, O
Mark B-PER
Dekker I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
MOZAMBIQUE B-LOC
- O
AUGUST O
26 O
. O

MAPUTO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

This O
is O
the O
leading O
story O
in O
the O
Mozambican B-MISC
press O
on O
Monday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
this O
story O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
its O
accuracy O
. O

NOTICIAS B-ORG

- O
At O
least O
20 O
people O
were O
killed O
when O
the O
two O
trucks O
in O
which O
they O
were O
travelling O
collided O
at O
Nhamavila B-LOC
about O
160 O
km O
north O
of O
Maputo B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
, O
the O
Maputo B-LOC
daily O
Noticias B-ORG
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Lamonts B-ORG
Apparel I-ORG
files O
reorganization O
plan O
. O

[ O
CORRECTED O
18:00 O
GMT B-MISC
] O

KIRKLAND B-LOC
, O
Wash B-LOC
. O

1996-08-26 O

Lamonts B-ORG
Apparel I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
an O
operator O
of O
42 O
family O
apparel O
stores O
in O
six O
northwestern O
states O
, O
said O
it O
has O
filed O
a O
reorganization O
plan O
in O
bankruptcy O
court O
in O
Seattle B-LOC
. O

( O
Corrects O
to O
make O
clear O
a O
reorganization O
plan O
has O
been O
filed O
) O
. O

The O
reorganization O
plan O
calls O
for O
all O
secured O
claims O
to O
be O
paid O
in O
full O
. O

Unsecured O
claims O
, O
including O
those O
of O
company O
bondholders O
, O
will O
be O
satisfied O
by O
issuing O
new O
common O
stock O
and O
warrants O
. O

Unsecured O
claims O
are O
estimated O
at O
about O
$ O
90 O
million O
. O

Lamonts B-ORG
said O
it O
plans O
to O
issue O
9 O
million O
shares O
of O
new O
common O
stock O
. O

Of O
that O
amount O
, O
4.05 O
million O
and O
5.67 O
million O
shares O
will O
be O
allocated O
to O
the O
company O
's O
trade O
creditors O
. O

Between O
4.75 O
and O
3.13 O
million O
shares O
will O
be O
allocated O
to O
bondholders O
and O
other O
unsecured O
non-trade O
creditors O
and O
200,000 O
will O
be O
allocated O
to O
existing O
shareholders O
in O
exchange O
for O
all O
existing O
stock O
of O
the O
company O
. O

Bondholders O
and O
other O
unsecured O
non-trade O
creditors O
will O
receive O
warrants O
four O
about O
2.2 O
million O
shares O
when O
the O
company O
's O
market O
capitalization O
reaches O
$ O
20 O
million O
. O

Bondholders O
, O
other O
unsecured O
non-trade O
creditors O
, O
and O
existing O
shareholders O
also O
will O
receive O
warrants O
entitling O
them O
to O
roughly O
800,000 O
shares O
when O
the O
company O
's O
market O
capitalization O
reaches O
$ O
25 O
million O
. O

Management O
will O
receive O
options O
to O
purchase O
10 O
percent O
of O
the O
company O
's O
outstanding O
common O
stock O
with O
protection O
against O
dilution O
at O
an O
option O
exercise O
price O
of O
$ O
1 O
million O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Passengers O
rescued O
from O
blazing O
ferry O
off O
France B-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

More O
than O
100 O
people O
were O
safely O
evacuated O
on O
Monday O
from O
a O
ferry O
that O
caught O
fire O
soon O
after O
leaving O
Guernsey B-LOC
in O
Britain B-LOC
's O
Channel B-LOC
Islands I-LOC
, O
police O
said O
. O

Police O
said O
the O
111 O
passengers O
and O
six O
crew O
on O
board O
the O
ferry O
Trident B-MISC
Seven I-MISC
, O
owned O
by O
France B-LOC
's O
Emeraud B-ORG
line O
, O
were O
rescued O
by O
a O
variety O
of O
private O
and O
commercial O
boats O
after O
fire O
broke O
out O
in O
the O
engine O
room O
soon O
after O
it O
left O
port O
. O

An O
88-year-old O
woman O
was O
taken O
to O
hospital O
with O
leg O
injuries O
, O
according O
to O
a O
spokesman O
for O
Guernsey B-LOC
police O
. O

The O
ferry O
, O
which O
was O
towed O
into O
port O
, O
had O
been O
bound O
for O
Jersey B-LOC
, O
another O
in O
a O
cluster O
of O
small O
British-ruled B-MISC
islands O
off O
north-west O
France B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

OSCE B-ORG
delays O
decision O
on O
refugee O
voting O
. O

Kurt B-PER
Schork I-PER

SARAJEVO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Bosnia B-LOC
's O
election O
organisers O
will O
decide O
on O
Tuesday O
whether O
or O
not O
to O
postpone O
municipal O
elections O
scheduled O
as O
part O
of O
nationwide O
balloting O
, O
an O
OSCE B-ORG
spokeswoman O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

Officials O
from O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
( O
OSCE B-ORG
) O
are O
considering O
the O
postponement O
following O
allegations O
of O
serious O
irregularities O
in O
the O
registration O
of O
Serb B-MISC
refugees O
. O

International O
observers O
say O
the O
alleged O
irregularities O
could O
affect O
the O
outcome O
of O
voting O
for O
municipal O
assemblies O
. O

" O
Tomorrow O
... O

the O
Provisional B-ORG
Election I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
will O
consider O
the O
possible O
postponement O
of O
municipal O
elections O
only O
... O

the O
other O
elections O
will O
be O
held O
on O
September O
14 O
, O
" O
OSCE B-ORG
spokeswoman O
Agota B-PER
Kuperman I-PER
told O
reporters O
in O
Sarajevo B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
think O
that O
it O
would O
be O
very O
difficult O
to O
select O
which O
municipal O
elections O
would O
have O
to O
be O
cancelled O
. O

I O
think O
probably O
if O
the O
decision O
( O
to O
cancell O
) O
were O
to O
be O
taken O
it O
would O
probably O
be O
all O
municipal O
elections O
.. O

. O
" O

Kuperman B-PER
added O
that O
options O
other O
than O
postponement O
were O
also O
on O
the O
table O
, O
but O
she O
refused O
to O
specify O
what O
they O
were O
. O

The O
Dayton B-LOC
peace O
agreement O
gave O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
a O
mandate O
to O
organise O
Bosnian B-MISC
elections O
. O

The O
Provisional B-ORG
Election I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
is O
OSCE B-ORG
's O
top O
rule-making O
body O
for O
the O
poll O
. O

More O
than O
600,000 O
refugees O
have O
registered O
to O
vote O
in O
55 O
countries O
around O
the O
world O
, O
representing O
about O
20 O
per O
cent O
of O
Bosnia B-LOC
's O
total O
electorate O
. O

They O
are O
due O
to O
begin O
voting O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
August O
28 O
, O
just O
one O
day O
after O
the O
PEC B-ORG
is O
supposed O
to O
make O
its O
decision O
. O

Balloting O
inside O
Bosnia B-LOC
is O
scheduled O
for O
September O
14 O
, O
when O
citizens O
are O
slated O
to O
elect O
municipal O
and O
cantonal O
assemblies O
, O
separate O
Moslem-Croat B-MISC
and O
Serb B-MISC
parliaments O
, O
a O
national O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Representatives I-ORG
and O
a O
three-man O
Presidency O
. O

A O
Sarajevo B-LOC
daily O
newspaper O
, O
Dnevi B-ORG
Avaz I-ORG
, O
which O
is O
close O
to O
Bosnia B-LOC
's O
Moslem B-MISC
nationalist O
SDA B-ORG
party O
, O
on O
Monday O
said O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
would O
postpone O
the O
municipal-level O
elections O
until O
the O
Spring O
of O
1997 O
because O
of O
the O
refugee O
registration O
problems O
. O

SDA B-ORG
has O
a O
representative O
on O
the O
Provisional B-ORG
Election I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
know O
what O
the O
source O
of O
the O
Dnevi B-ORG
Avaz I-ORG
report O
is O
, O
but O
it O
is O
consistent O
with O
what O
I O
have O
heard O
from O
western O
diplomats O
and O
from O
inside O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
, O
" O
said O
an O
OSCE B-ORG
staff O
member O
in O
Sarajevo B-LOC
who O
asked O
not O
to O
be O
named O
. O

" O
The O
word O
is O
that O
Frowick B-PER
has O
decided O
to O
postpone O
municipal O
elections O
but O
that O
he O
will O
wait O
for O
one O
more O
session O
of O
the O
PEC B-ORG
on O
Tuesday O
to O
take O
everyone O
's O
temperature O
on O
the O
issue O
. O
" O

Ambassador O
Robert B-PER
Frowick I-PER
, O
an O
American B-MISC
, O
heads O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
mission O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
. O

OSCE B-ORG
and O
independent O
monitors O
allege O
that O
Serb B-MISC
authorities O
have O
systematically O
discouraged O
refugees O
from O
registering O
to O
cast O
a O
ballot O
in O
the O
places O
they O
lived O
before O
the O
war O
. O

Instead O
, O
the O
refugees O
were O
said O
to O
have O
been O
directed O
by O
their O
authorities O
to O
vote O
from O
strategic O
towns O
which O
had O
Moslem B-MISC
majorities O
before O
the O
43-month O
Bosnian B-MISC
war O
, O
but O
which O
are O
now O
underpopulated O
as O
a O
result O
of O
" O
ethnic O
cleansing O
" O
. O

Diplomats O
explain O
the O
purpose O
of O
this O
electoral O
engineering O
is O
to O
secure O
Serb B-MISC
control O
over O
pivotal O
towns O
inside O
the O
49 O
per O
cent O
of O
Bosnia B-LOC
known O
as O
the O
Serb B-MISC
republic O
, O
consolidating O
through O
the O
ballot O
box O
what O
was O
initially O
taken O
in O
war O
. O

The O
top O
U.N. B-ORG
refugee O
official O
in O
the O
Balkans B-LOC
highlighted O
the O
voter O
registration O
problem O
on O
Monday O
. O

" O
Results O
of O
the O
registration O
for O
September O
elections O
herald O
a O
dismal O
future O
for O
multi-ethnicity O
in O
Bosia-Hercegovina B-LOC
, O
" O
warned O
Soren B-PER
Jessen-Petersen I-PER
, O
Special O
Envoy O
for O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
High O
Commissioner O
for O
Refugees O
in O
Former B-LOC
Yugoslavia I-LOC
. O

" O
In O
the O
run-up O
to O
elections O
, O
nationalistic O
political O
leaders O
are O
playing O
the O
ethnic O
/ O
sectarian O
card O
, O
drumming O
up O
support O
within O
their O
constituencies O
by O
playing O
on O
bitter O
memories O
or O
fear O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

After O
truce O
, O
Lebed B-PER
faces O
tougher O
Chechen B-MISC
problem O
. O

Alastair B-PER
Macdonald I-PER

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
may O
finally O
get O
to O
discuss O
his O
Chechen B-MISC
peace O
proposals O
with O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
on O
Tuesday O
after O
a O
lost O
weekend O
in O
the O
region O
when O
he O
was O
forced O
to O
abandon O
plans O
to O
sign O
a O
new O
political O
treaty O
with O
the O
separatist O
rebels O
. O

It O
could O
be O
a O
sobering O
experience O
for O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
security O
chief O
who O
, O
just O
two O
months O
after O
being O
appointed O
by O
the O
president O
and O
two O
heady O
weeks O
after O
taking O
charge O
of O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
crisis O
, O
had O
promised O
to O
wrap O
up O
the O
20-month O
war O
by O
the O
weekend O
. O

Despite O
a O
mood O
of O
compromise O
in O
the O
region O
after O
some O
of O
the O
worst O
fighting O
of O
the O
war O
, O
Lebed B-PER
may O
be O
just O
finding O
out O
that O
concluding O
a O
long-term O
settlement O
, O
somewhere O
between O
rebel O
demands O
for O
independence O
and O
Moscow B-LOC
's O
insistence O
that O
Chechnya B-LOC
remain O
part O
of O
Russia B-LOC
, O
will O
be O
no O
easy O
matter O
. O

A O
chain-smoking O
former O
paratroop O
general O
with O
a O
sharp O
line O
in O
deadpan O
putdowns O
and O
a O
soldier O
's O
knack O
for O
making O
life O
sound O
simple O
, O
Lebed B-PER
managed O
to O
arrange O
an O
ambitious O
ceasefire O
in O
the O
region O
last O
week O
, O
days O
after O
the O
Russian B-MISC
army O
threatened O
to O
bomb O
its O
way O
back O
into O
the O
rebel-held O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
. O

He O
returned O
at O
the O
weekend O
, O
pledging O
to O
conclude O
a O
political O
settlement O
that O
would O
make O
this O
truce O
work O
where O
all O
others O
have O
failed O
. O

But O
then O
he O
apparently O
thought O
better O
of O
it O
. O

Saying O
he O
needed O
to O
tidy O
up O
legal O
loose O
ends O
on O
the O
deal O
-- O
and O
also O
cover O
his O
back O
against O
unnamed O
pro-war O
schemers O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
-- O
he O
flew O
back O
to O
the O
capital O
empty-handed O
on O
Sunday O
. O

He O
met O
Russian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Viktor B-PER
Chernomyrdin I-PER
on O
Monday O
and O
, O
according O
to O
the O
press O
service O
of O
Lebed B-PER
's O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
, O
could O
meet O
Yeltsin B-PER
on O
Tuesday O
. O

It O
was O
not O
clear O
if O
the O
start O
of O
Yeltsin B-PER
's O
holiday O
, O
announced O
later O
, O
would O
affect O
plans O
to O
talk O
. O

Moscow B-LOC
's O
as O
yet O
undisclosed O
proposals O
on O
Chechnya B-LOC
's O
political O
future O
have O
, O
meanwhile O
, O
been O
sent O
back O
to O
do O
the O
rounds O
of O
various O
government O
departments O
. O

It O
is O
not O
known O
what O
caused O
the O
delay O
in O
the O
peace O
plan O
. O

Speculation O
mounted O
last O
week O
that O
Lebed B-PER
was O
operating O
out O
on O
a O
limb O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
as O
Yeltsin B-PER
, O
hardly O
seen O
since O
his O
reelection O
last O
month O
, O
kept O
out O
of O
sight O
and O
then O
gave O
an O
interview O
criticising O
his O
envoy O
just O
as O
he O
clinched O
a O
truce O
. O

But O
Chernomyrdin B-PER
took O
pains O
at O
the O
weekend O
to O
insist O
Lebed B-PER
was O
playing O
for O
a O
united O
team O
and O
that O
the O
proposals O
he O
took O
to O
rebel O
chief-of-staff O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
had O
been O
agreed O
by O
Yeltsin B-PER
. O

If O
that O
were O
the O
case O
, O
it O
was O
unclear O
why O
Lebed B-PER
suddenly O
found O
it O
necessary O
to O
have O
the O
deal O
verified O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

Lebed B-PER
himself O
said O
he O
was O
concerned O
that O
powerful O
interests O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
who O
have O
profited O
from O
the O
war O
and O
want O
it O
to O
go O
on O
, O
would O
seize O
on O
any O
inadequacy O
in O
the O
deal O
to O
remove O
him O
. O

Maskhadov B-PER
warned O
that O
Lebed B-PER
risked O
the O
same O
fate O
as O
a O
former O
Russian B-MISC
army O
commander O
in O
the O
region O
who O
sought O
a O
compromise O
and O
was O
blown O
up O
last O
year O
by O
-- O
so O
the O
Chechens B-MISC
say O
-- O
Russian B-MISC
forces O
. O

Maskhadov B-PER
may O
also O
have O
made O
new O
demands O
on O
Lebed B-PER
, O
forcing O
him O
to O
check O
back O
with O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
on O
what O
he O
could O
offer O
. O

A O
rebel O
spokesman O
said O
the O
two O
military O
men O
had O
come O
close O
to O
agreement O
on O
a O
face-saving O
formula O
acceptable O
to O
both O
sides O
and O
involving O
a O
referendum O
on O
independence O
at O
some O
future O
date O
. O

Chernomyrdin B-PER
said O
voters O
should O
decide O
Chechnya B-LOC
's O
future O
but O
stressed O
there O
was O
no O
question O
of O
the O
government O
letting O
the O
region O
quit O
the O
Russian B-LOC
Federation I-LOC
-- O
something O
Moscow B-LOC
fears O
could O
encourage O
separatist O
tendencies O
in O
other O
ethnic O
regions O
, O
particularly O
in O
the O
strategic O
North B-LOC
Caucasus I-LOC
. O

Lebed B-PER
may O
be O
be O
finding O
that O
closing O
that O
political O
gap O
between O
the O
two O
sides O
is O
more O
difficult O
than O
just O
ending O
a O
war O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Yeltsin B-PER
on O
holiday O
from O
Monday O
- O
Interfax B-ORG
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Russian B-MISC
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
began O
a O
new O
summer O
holiday O
on O
Monday O
but O
would O
remain O
in O
control O
of O
affairs O
of O
state O
, O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

" O
The O
head O
of O
state O
's O
holiday O
has O
only O
just O
begun O
, O
" O
the O
agency O
quoted O
Sergei B-PER
Yastrzhembsky I-PER
as O
saying O
, O
adding O
that O
the O
president O
was O
currently O
in O
a O
Kremlin B-LOC
residence O
near O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

Interfax B-ORG
said O
Yastrezhembsky B-PER
did O
not O
exclude O
that O
Yeltsin B-PER
could O
spend O
some O
time O
in O
other O
places O
. O

He O
would O
continue O
working O
on O
various O
documents O
and O
might O
meet O
" O
one O
state O
offical O
or O
another O
" O
. O

" O
One O
must O
give O
B. B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
a O
chance O
to O
rest O
and O
recover O
his O
health O
after O
the O
elections O
, O
" O
Interfax B-ORG
quoted O
Yastrezhembsky B-PER
as O
saying O
. O

" O
( O
Yeltsin B-PER
) O
controls O
internal O
and O
international O
policies O
, O
daily O
receives O
a O
big O
packet O
of O
documents O
from O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
which O
demand O
his O
intervention O
... O

Many O
of O
those O
documents O
return O
to O
the O
president O
's O
administration O
the O
same O
day O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
went O
on O
a O
two-day O
trip O
outside O
Moscow B-LOC
last O
week O
to O
check O
out O
a O
holiday O
home O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Yugo B-ORG
Zastava I-ORG
workers O
' O
protest O
enters O
2nd O
week O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Thousands O
of O
workers O
of O
Serbia B-LOC
's O
Zastava B-ORG
arms O
factory O
entered O
the O
second O
week O
of O
protests O
on O
Monday O
over O
unpaid O
wages O
and O
the O
lack O
of O
a O
programme O
to O
revive O
the O
plant O
's O
production O
. O

" O
We O
are O
stubborn O
, O
have O
strength O
and O
time O
to O
persist O
until O
our O
demands O
are O
met O
, O
" O
said O
the O
factory O
's O
trade O
union O
secretary O
Dragutin B-PER
Stanojlovic I-PER
. O

" O
We O
are O
united O
and O
we O
are O
waiting O
for O
the O
government O
to O
decide O
what O
to O
do O
with O
us O
. O
" O

Trade O
unions O
demanded O
payment O
of O
June O
and O
July O
wages O
and O
last O
year O
's O
holiday O
pay O
, O
and O
called O
on O
government O
to O
develop O
a O
revival O
programme O
for O
the O
plant O
. O

The O
former O
Yugoslav B-MISC
national O
army O
consumed O
90 O
percent O
of O
Zastava B-ORG
's O
pre-war O
output O
, O
but O
like O
the O
rest O
of O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
's O
economy O
, O
the O
new O
army O
of O
Serbia B-LOC
and O
Montenegro B-LOC
is O
crippled O
by O
lack O
of O
funds O
. O

In O
Kragujevac B-LOC
where O
the O
plant O
is O
based O
, O
9,000 O
to O
10,000 O
people O
gathered O
in O
the O
central O
square O
to O
express O
their O
bitterness O
at O
what O
Stanojlovic B-PER
called O
government O
indifference O
. O

The O
ruling O
Socialist B-ORG
Party I-ORG
last O
week O
accused O
Serbia B-LOC
's O
opposition O
of O
stirring O
up O
social O
unrest O
and O
using O
workers O
' O
already O
difficult O
social O
position O
for O
their O
own O
interests O
. O

" O
Late O
wages O
, O
no O
work O
and O
( O
the O
lack O
of O
a O
) O
production O
programme O
are O
the O
main O
reasons O
for O
their O
protests O
, O
" O
a O
senior O
member O
of O
the O
local O
Socialist B-ORG
Party I-ORG
branch O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

" O
But O
there O
is O
a O
significant O
influence O
of O
opposition O
parties O
that O
are O
collecting O
points O
ahead O
of O
coming O
elections O
. O
" O

Federal O
Yugoslav B-MISC
elections O
are O
due O
on O
November O
3 O
. O

The O
party O
official O
said O
the O
union O
's O
figure O
on O
the O
number O
of O
protesters O
was O
exaggerated O
. O
" O

There O
were O
about O
1,400 O
to O
1,600 O
people O
at O
the O
protest O
today O
-- O
much O
less O
then O
last O
week O
. O

" O
But O
there O
were O
more O
observers O
and O
passers O
by O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-- O
Gordana B-PER
Kukic I-PER
, O
Belgrade B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+381 O
11 O
222 O
4254 O

-DOCSTART- O

Croatian B-MISC
lending O
rate O
falls O
to O
8.0 O
vs O
9.1 O
pct O
. O

ZAGREB B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The O
Croatian B-MISC
lending O
rate O
fell O
to O
8.0 O
percent O
on O
Monday O
from O
last O
Friday O
's O
9.1 O
percent O
after O
thin O
demand O
for O
kuna O
forced O
bank O
lenders O
to O
trim O
their O
rates O
further O
. O

Interbank B-ORG
call O
money O
was O
down O
to O
8.0 O
from O
10.0 O
percent O
. O

Insurers O
' O
five-10 O
and O
10-15 O
day O
loans O
were O
made O
at O
a O
steady O
8.0 O
percent O
after O
last O
week O
's O
drop O
from O
an O
earlier O
15 O
percent O
. O

Total O
Zagreb B-ORG
Money I-ORG
Market I-ORG
settlements O
shrank O
to O
17.4 O
million O
kuna O
, O
of O
which O
dealers O
put O
new O
borrowing O
at O
a O
meagre O
5.5 O
million O
. O

Supply O
stood O
at O
a O
high O
180 O
million O
kuna O
. O

Overnight O
trade O
at O
the O
weekend O
left O
a O
surplus O
of O
1.2 O
billion O
kuna O
on O
the O
supply O
side O
after O
40 O
million O
were O
settled O
. O

Croatia B-LOC
's O
central O
bank O
again O
stayed O
out O
of O
the O
foreign O
exchange O
market O
. O

It O
calculated O
the O
kuna O
midrates O
for O
Tuesday O
's O
trade O
stronger O
at O
5.2420 O
against O
the O
dollar O
and O
slightly O
weaker O
at O
3.5486 O
against O
the O
German B-MISC
mark O
. O

-- O
Kolumbina B-PER
Bencevic I-PER
, O
Zagreb B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
385-1-4557075 O

-DOCSTART- O

SVCD B-ORG
Bulgaria I-ORG
air O
traffic O
controllers O
to O
strike O
September O
3 O
. O

SOFIA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Bulgarian B-MISC
air O
traffic O
controllers O
will O
go O
on O
strike O
on O
September O
3 O
demanding O
higher O
pay O
, O
the O
chief O
of O
the O
Bulgarian B-MISC
association O
of O
air O
traffic O
controllers O
( O
Bulatka B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

Stefan B-PER
Raichev I-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
the O
strike O
by O
more O
than O
half O
of O
the O
1,380 O
traffic O
controllers O
and O
technicians O
would O
paralyse O
traffic O
which O
has O
increased O
by O
10 O
percent O
since O
last O
year O
. O

More O
than O
1,500 O
planes O
per O
day O
fly O
over O
Bulgaria B-LOC
, O
in O
a O
strategic O
location O
between O
Europe B-LOC
and O
the O
Middle B-LOC
and O
the O
Far B-LOC
East I-LOC
, O
Raichev B-PER
said O
. O

The O
director O
general O
of O
the O
air O
traffic O
service O
Valentin B-PER
Valkov I-PER
said O
last O
Friday O
that O
a O
controllers O
' O
strike O
would O
be O
illegal O
. O

Valkov B-PER
said O
he O
could O
not O
curb O
the O
summer O
charter O
flights O
of O
national O
carrier O
Balkan B-ORG
Airlines I-ORG
, O
which O
carries O
thousands O
of O
foreign O
tourists O
to O
the O
Bulgarian B-MISC
Black B-LOC
Sea I-LOC
resorts O
. O

But O
Raichev B-PER
said O
it O
would O
be O
" O
discrimination O
" O
against O
the O
other O
airlines O
if O
only O
Balkan B-LOC
planes O
were O
guided O
in O
. O

" O
Under O
the O
law O
before O
launching O
the O
strike O
we O
have O
to O
sign O
an O
agreement O
with O
our O
employer O
for O
a O
minimal O
transport O
servicing O
of O
emergency O
flights O
, O
" O
Raichev B-PER
said O
. O

Raichev B-PER
said O
a O
lock-out O
with O
military O
air O
controllers O
was O
impossible O
as O
they O
did O
not O
speak O
English B-MISC
. O

The O
controllers O
are O
demanding O
the O
monthly O
wage O
be O
increased O
to O
$ O
1,000 O
per O
month O
from O
the O
current O
$ O
230 O
, O
as O
well O
as O
the O
resignation O
of O
the O
air O
traffic O
service O
's O
management O
. O

They O
also O
demand O
the O
financial O
separation O
of O
the O
350 O
air O
controllers O
from O
the O
technical O
staff O
. O

-- O
Liliana B-PER
Semerdjieva I-PER
, O
Sofia B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
359-2-84561 O

-DOCSTART- O

Yeltsin B-PER
's O
wife O
has O
kidney O
operation O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Naina B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
, O
wife O
of O
the O
Russian B-MISC
president O
, O
has O
undergone O
" O
a O
planned O
operation O
" O
on O
her O
left O
kidney O
and O
is O
in O
a O
satisfactory O
condition O
, O
Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

Tass B-ORG
quoted O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
press O
service O
as O
saying O
the O
operation O
took O
place O
on O
Saturday O
in O
the O
Central B-LOC
Clinical I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
which O
treats O
top O
officials O
. O

Mrs O
Yeltsin B-PER
would O
be O
released O
from O
hospital O
in O
a O
few O
days O
. O

Doctor O
Sergei B-PER
Mironov I-PER
told O
Tass B-ORG
Naina B-PER
was O
" O
in O
permanent O
contact O
" O
with O
her O
husband O
and O
two O
daughters O
, O
Yelena B-PER
and O
Tatyana B-PER
. O

The O
state O
of O
health O
of O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
, O
who O
had O
two O
heart O
attacks O
last O
year O
, O
has O
been O
the O
centre O
of O
media O
and O
market O
speculation O
after O
he O
won O
a O
second O
term O
in O
office O
in O
the O
July O
3 O
election O
run-off O
and O
all O
but O
disappeared O
from O
the O
public O
eye O
. O

A O
presidential O
spokesman O
said O
on O
Monday O
Yeltsin B-PER
was O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
but O
could O
give O
no O
details O
about O
his O
agenda O
or O
whether O
meetings O
were O
planned O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
is O
expected O
to O
go O
on O
holiday O
in O
the O
near O
future O
, O
but O
officials O
have O
not O
yet O
said O
where O
he O
will O
go O
or O
when O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Mostostal B-ORG
Z I-ORG
shareholders O
approve O
bonds O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Shareholders O
of O
the O
Polish B-MISC
construction O
firm O
Mostostal B-ORG
Zabrze I-ORG
Holding I-ORG
SA I-ORG
approved O
a O
25- O
million-zloty O
, O
five-year O
convertible O
issue O
with O
a O
par O
value O
of O
100 O
zlotys O
each O
, O
the O
company O
's O
spokesman O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

Piotr B-PER
Grabowski I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
that O
a O
Mostostal B-ORG
extraordinary O
shareholders O
meeting O
on O
Saturday O
had O
decided O
that O
the O
price O
of O
the O
250,000 O
bonds O
would O
be O
set O
as O
a O
10-session O
average O
price O
of O
Mostostal B-ORG
shares O
plus O
a O
premium O
. O

" O
The O
premium O
will O
be O
no O
lower O
than O
15 O
percent O
and O
will O
be O
set O
by O
management O
before O
the O
issue O
... O

which O
we O
expect O
at O
the O
beginning O
of O
next O
year O
, O
" O
Grabowksi B-PER
said O
. O

Mostostal B-ORG
, O
based O
in O
southern O
Poland B-LOC
, O
wants O
to O
offer O
the O
bonds O
to O
large O
investors O
in O
a O
public O
offering O
, O
paying O
an O
annual O
coupon O
of O
no O
more O
than O
80 O
percent O
of O
the O
yield O
of O
the O
benchmark O
52-week O
T-bill O
. O

The O
firm O
has O
signed O
an O
agreement O
with O
the O
Polish B-ORG
Development I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
( O
PBR B-ORG
) O
to O
manage O
the O
issue O
and O
plans O
them O
to O
be O
listed O
on O
the O
Warsaw B-LOC
bourse O
's O
bond O
market O
. O

Grabowski B-PER
also O
said O
shareholders O
approved O
the O
issue O
of O
1.6 O
million O
shares O
for O
which O
the O
bonds O
could O
be O
exchanged O
, O
a O
ratio O
of O
6.4 O
shares O
per O
bond O
. O

He O
also O
said O
shareholders O
approved O
the O
issue O
of O
2.6 O
million O
new O
shares O
, O
two O
million O
of O
which O
are O
earmarked O
for O
large O
investors O
and O
600,000 O
for O
retail O
domestic O
investors O
. O

The O
price O
will O
be O
determined O
through O
book-building O
. O

Mostostal B-ORG
plans O
to O
use O
the O
proceeds O
from O
the O
issues O
to O
add O
companies O
to O
its O
holding O
and O
modernise O
its O
plant O
. O

-- O
Warsaw B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+48 O
22 O
653 O
9700 O

-DOCSTART- O

Unknown O
group O
kidnaps O
Dutch B-MISC
couple O
in O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
. O

SAN B-LOC
JOSE I-LOC
, O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Kidnappers O
have O
seized O
a O
Dutch B-MISC
couple O
who O
manage O
a O
farm O
in O
northern O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
and O
have O
demanded O
a O
$ O
1.5 O
million O
ransom O
, O
authorities O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

Officials O
said O
Humberto B-PER
Hueite I-PER
Zyrecha I-PER
and O
his O
wife O
Jetty B-PER
Kors I-PER
, O
both O
50 O
, O
were O
kidnapped O
late O
on O
Saturday O
or O
early O
Sunday O
. O

Col B-LOC
. O

Misael B-PER
Valerio I-PER
, O
head O
of O
border O
police O
at O
the O
Security B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
, O
told O
reporters O
surveillance O
of O
the O
northern O
border O
with O
Nicaragua B-LOC
has O
been O
stepped O
up O
to O
keep O
the O
kidnappers O
from O
fleeing O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
. O

Preliminary O
reports O
said O
the O
couple O
were O
kidnapped O
on O
the O
" O
Altamira B-LOC
" O
farm O
, O
owned O
by O
Dutchman B-MISC
Richard B-PER
Wisinga I-PER
, O
at O
Aguas B-LOC
Zarcas I-LOC
de I-LOC
San I-LOC
Carlos I-LOC
near O
the O
Costa B-LOC
Rica-Nicaragua I-LOC
border O
. O

Unconfirmed O
news O
reports O
said O
a O
vehicle O
belonging O
to O
them O
was O
found O
abandoned O
at O
Santa B-LOC
Maria I-LOC
de I-LOC
Pocosol I-LOC
, O
about O
12 O
miles O
( O
20 O
km O
) O
north O
of O
the O
site O
of O
the O
abduction O
. O

The O
reports O
said O
authorities O
found O
a O
statement O
, O
supposedly O
from O
the O
kidnappers O
, O
in O
the O
vehicle O
, O
addressed O
to O
Wisinga B-PER
and O
demanding O
a O
$ O
1.5 O
million O
ransom O
. O

Wisinga B-PER
was O
believed O
to O
be O
travelling O
in O
Europe B-LOC
, O
they O
said O
. O

A O
Swiss B-MISC
tourist O
guide O
and O
a O
German B-MISC
tourist O
were O
kidnapped O
in O
the O
same O
area O
on O
New B-MISC
Year I-MISC
's I-MISC
Day I-MISC
by O
a O
group O
of O
former O
Nicaraguan B-MISC
guerrillas O
. O

Regula B-PER
Susana I-PER
Siegfried I-PER
, O
50 O
, O
and O
Nicola B-MISC
Fleuchaus B-PER
, O
25 O
, O
were O
released O
after O
71 O
days O
after O
a O
$ O
200,000 O
ransom O
was O
paid O
. O

In O
a O
bizarre O
twist O
, O
Fleuchaus B-PER
and O
the O
leader O
of O
the O
kidnappers O
, O
Julio B-PER
Cesar I-PER
Vega I-PER
Rojas I-PER
, O
developed O
a O
sentimental O
attachment O
during O
her O
captivity O
, O
according O
to O
photographs O
printed O
in O
Costa B-MISC
Rican I-MISC
newspapers O
and O
court O
documents O
including O
a O
love O
letter O
written O
by O
Vega B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Interacciones B-ORG
ups O
Mexico B-LOC
GDP O
forecast O
, O
lowers O
peso O
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Interacciones B-ORG
brokerage O
on O
Monday O
raised O
its O
forecasts O
for O
1996 O
gross O
domestic O
product O
growth O
to O
4.3 O
percent O
from O
3.8 O
percent O
, O
but O
it O
kept O
its O
1997 O
projection O
unchanged O
at O
4.5 O
percent O
, O
a O
statement O
said O
. O

Economist O
Alonso B-PER
Cervera I-PER
said O
the O
revisions O
were O
chiefly O
fueled O
by O
stronger O
than O
expected O
growth O
of O
7.2 O
percent O
in O
the O
second O
quarter O
and O
he O
forecast O
an O
annual O
GDP O
rise O
of O
6.1 O
percent O
in O
the O
third O
quarter O
and O
4.9 O
percent O
in O
Q4 O
. O

The O
firm O
also O
revised O
down O
its O
year-end O
peso O
forecast O
to O
7.85-8.15 O
per O
dollar O
from O
8.20-8.50 O
. O

It O
forecast O
an O
end O
1997 O
peso O
in O
the O
range O
of O
9.20-9.40 O
. O

Interacciones B-ORG
kept O
its O
1996 O
and O
1997 O
inflation O
forecast O
unchanged O
at O
26 O
percent O
and O
20 O
percent O
, O
expecting O
the O
government O
's O
1997 O
inflation O
target O
to O
be O
around O
15 O
percent O
. O

It O
bumped O
up O
its O
average O
interest O
rate O
projection O
in O
1997 O
to O
25.8 O
percent O
from O
23 O
percent O
. O

Fiscal O
policy O
was O
expected O
to O
be O
loosened O
a O
bit O
in O
the O
second O
half O
of O
this O
year O
, O
boosting O
growth O
without O
running O
into O
a O
deficit O
. O

" O
Next O
year O
, O
the O
fiscal O
policy O
will O
have O
less O
margin O
of O
freedom O
because O
the O
government O
will O
have O
to O
face O
commitments O
that O
it O
has O
taken O
on O
under O
different O
support O
schemes O
for O
the O
banks O
, O
debtors O
and O
firms O
, O
" O
the O
brokerage O
said O
. O

-- O
Henry B-PER
Tricks I-PER
, O
Mexico B-LOC
City I-LOC
newsroom O
+525 O
728-9560 O

-DOCSTART- O

Bancomext B-ORG
official O
says O
Mexico B-LOC
peso O
level O
suitable O
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

A O
top O
official O
of O
export O
development O
bank O
Bancomext B-ORG
said O
the O
peso O
's O
appreciation O
against O
the O
dollar O
this O
year O
has O
not O
hurt O
demand O
for O
Mexican B-MISC
exports O
. O

" O
We O
have O
a O
suitable O
exchange O
rate O
. O

We O
have O
n't O
felt O
a O
drop-off O
in O
demand O
.... O

We O
have O
no O
basis O
for O
saying O
that O
the O
exchange O
rate O
is O
affecting O
exports O
, O
" O
Rafael B-PER
Moreno I-PER
Turrent I-PER
, O
deputy O
director O
general O
for O
foreign O
trade O
promotion O
at O
the O
bank O
, O
said O
at O
a O
news O
conference O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Colombian B-MISC
peso O
closes O
lower O
, O
importers O
buy O
dlrs O
. O

BOGOTA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Colombia B-LOC
's O
peso O
closed O
lower O
at O
1,044 O
after O
coming O
under O
pressure O
from O
dollar-buying O
by O
importers O
seeking O
to O
meet O
their O
commitments O
abroad O
, O
interbank O
dealers O
said O
. O

It O
was O
the O
second O
consecutive O
session O
that O
saw O
the O
peso O
, O
which O
ended O
at O
1,041 O
Friday O
, O
close O
lower O
. O

" O
The O
( O
dollar O
's O
) O
rise O
was O
due O
to O
demand O
from O
importers O
who O
have O
a O
lot O
of O
wire O
transfers O
accumulated O
, O
" O
one O
dealer O
said O
. O

Contributing O
to O
the O
peso O
's O
weakness O
, O
another O
dealer O
said O
banks O
who O
might O
have O
sold O
greenbacks O
in O
Monday O
's O
trading O
appeared O
to O
shy O
away O
from O
the O
market O
. O

This O
, O
according O
to O
the O
trader O
, O
was O
typical O
of O
month-end O
position-squaring O
-- O
and O
the O
fact O
that O
a O
stronger O
U.S. B-LOC
currency O
helps O
limit O
some O
foreign O
exchange O
losses O
. O

Dealers O
reported O
355 O
trades O
for O
a O
total O
of O
$ O
142 O
million O
and O
said O
the O
peso O
hit O
an O
intra-day O
high O
of O
1,037 O
before O
heading O
lower O
into O
the O
close O
. O

-- O
Juan B-PER
Guillermo I-PER
Londono I-PER
, O
Bogota B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
571 O
610 O
7944 O

-DOCSTART- O

Japan B-LOC
's O
Hashimoto B-PER
leaves O
Brazil B-LOC
for O
Peru B-LOC
. O

BRASILIA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Japanese B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Ryutaro B-PER
Hashimoto I-PER
left O
Brasilia B-LOC
on O
Monday O
for O
Lima B-LOC
, O
the O
penultimate O
stop O
on O
a O
10-day O
Latin B-MISC
American I-MISC
tour O
, O
a O
Brazilian B-MISC
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
spokeswoman O
said O
. O

Hashimoto B-PER
, O
who O
has O
already O
visited O
Mexico B-LOC
and O
Chile B-LOC
, O
spent O
three O
days O
in O
Brazil B-LOC
. O

After O
Peru B-LOC
, O
he O
was O
due O
to O
go O
to O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nicaraguan B-MISC
president O
has O
operation O
in O
U.S B-LOC
. O

MANAGUA B-LOC
, O
Nicaragua B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Nicaraguan B-MISC
President O
Violeta B-PER
Chamorro I-PER
underwent O
successful O
surgery O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
on O
Monday O
to O
correct O
a O
compression O
in O
her O
lower O
spinal O
column O
, O
the O
government O
said O
. O

Doctors O
at O
Johns B-LOC
Hopkins I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
in O
Baltimore B-LOC
found O
an O
inflamation O
in O
her O
spinal O
column O
that O
, O
once O
treated O
, O
will O
free O
her O
of O
chronic O
pain O
in O
her O
back O
and O
one O
leg O
that O
has O
limited O
her O
movement O
, O
a O
government O
statement O
said O
. O

" O
( O
Chamorro B-PER
) O
is O
in O
good O
health O
and O
, O
according O
to O
her O
doctors O
, O
will O
be O
able O
to O
return O
to O
Nicaragua B-LOC
next O
week O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

Chamorro B-PER
, O
66 O
, O
had O
complained O
of O
lower O
back O
pain O
since O
a O
trip O
to O
Taiwan B-LOC
in O
May O
, O
when O
pain O
forced O
her O
to O
go O
to O
Taipei B-LOC
University I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
for O
an O
examination O
. O

She O
suffers O
from O
osteoporosis O
, O
a O
disease O
that O
weakens O
the O
bones O
, O
and O
has O
repeatedly O
flown O
to O
Washington B-LOC
for O
treatment O
. O

She O
is O
scheduled O
to O
step O
down O
in O
January O
after O
a O
term O
of O
nearly O
seven O
years O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Eight O
drown O
in O
Venezuelan B-MISC
boating O
accident O
. O

MARACAIBO B-LOC
, O
Venezuela B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Eight O
members O
of O
a O
family O
, O
five O
of O
them O
children O
aged O
between O
two O
and O
seven O
, O
drowned O
when O
their O
small O
boat O
sank O
on O
Lake B-LOC
Maracaibo I-LOC
in O
western O
Venezuela B-LOC
early O
on O
Monday O
, O
authorities O
said O
. O

The O
accident O
happened O
when O
the O
Sanchez B-PER
Zarraga I-PER
family O
took O
their O
boat O
out O
for O
a O
nighttime O
spin O
, O
Civil B-ORG
Defence I-ORG
and I-ORG
Coast I-ORG
Guard I-ORG
officials O
said O
. O

The O
cause O
of O
the O
sinking O
was O
not O
known O
but O
officials O
said O
the O
boat O
had O
a O
hole O
in O
the O
stern O
and O
no O
lifejackets O
. O

Three O
members O
of O
the O
party O
were O
rescued O
unhurt O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Banco B-ORG
de I-ORG
Mexico I-ORG
to O
inject O
3.412 O
bln O
pesos O
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Banco B-ORG
de I-ORG
Mexico I-ORG
sought O
to O
inject O
3.412 O
billion O
pesos O
in O
the O
secondary O
market O
on O
Monday O
through O
three O
credit O
auctions O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

The O
auctions O
were O
offered O
as O
follows O
: O

AMOUNT O
TERM O

1.206 O
bln O
9 O
days O

1.206 O
bln O
3 O
days O

1.000 O
bln O
1 O
day O

- O
Mexico B-LOC
City I-LOC
newsroom O
525 O
728-9559 O

-DOCSTART- O

Dutch B-MISC
couple O
kidnapped O
in O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
. O

SAN B-LOC
JOSE I-LOC
, O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

A O
Dutch B-MISC
couple O
who O
manage O
a O
farm O
in O
northern O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
have O
been O
kidnapped O
by O
an O
unidentified O
group O
demanding O
$ O
1.5 O
million O
in O
ransom O
, O
authorities O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

Officials O
said O
Humberto B-PER
Hueite I-PER
Zyrecha I-PER
and O
his O
wife O
Jetty B-PER
Kors I-PER
, O
both O
50 O
, O
were O
kidnapped O
late O
Saturday O
or O
early O
Sunday O
. O

Col B-LOC
. O

Misael B-PER
Valerio I-PER
, O
head O
of O
border O
police O
at O
the O
Security B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
, O
told O
reporters O
that O
surveillance O
of O
the O
country O
's O
northern O
border O
with O
Nicaragua B-LOC
has O
been O
stepped O
up O
to O
stop O
the O
kidnappers O
from O
fleeing O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
. O

No O
other O
details O
were O
immediately O
available O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Melbourne B-LOC
train O
collides O
with O
truck O
, O
15 O
injured O
. O

MELBOURNE B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Fifteen O
people O
were O
injured O
when O
a O
suburban O
passenger O
train O
and O
a O
truck O
collided O
at O
a O
street-level O
rail O
crossing O
in O
the O
Australian B-MISC
city O
of O
Melbourne B-LOC
on O
Monday O
, O
said O
rail O
and O
ambulance O
officials O
. O

The O
injured O
, O
which O
included O
a O
pregnant O
woman O
, O
were O
taken O
to O
hospital O
, O
but O
were O
not O
in O
a O
serious O
condition O
, O
an O
ambulance O
spokesman O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

A O
Public B-ORG
Transport I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG
spokesman O
said O
the O
train O
, O
collided O
with O
the O
truck O
loaded O
with O
concrete O
pylons O
in O
the O
north O
Melbourne B-LOC
suburb O
of O
Preston B-LOC
just O
before O
8.30 O
a.m O
.. O

The O
train O
was O
derailed O
when O
a O
corner O
of O
the O
driver O
's O
compartment O
caught O
the O
rear O
of O
the O
truck O
, O
the O
spokesman O
said O
. O

The O
truck O
was O
overturned O
, O
spilling O
its O
load O
onto O
the O
crossing O
, O
and O
careered O
into O
the O
nearby O
Bell B-LOC
St I-LOC
Station I-LOC
. O

" O
Remarkably O
both O
the O
train O
driver O
and O
the O
truck O
driver O
were O
not O
injured O
, O
" O
the O
rail O
spokesman O
said O
. O

" O
It O
had O
the O
potential O
to O
be O
quite O
a O
nasty O
accident O
. O
" O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

Police O
capture O
Auckland B-LOC
gunman O
. O

AUCKLAND B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
gunman O
being O
hunted O
on O
Auckland B-LOC
's O
North B-LOC
Shore I-LOC
was O
captured O
by O
police O
just O
after O
9 O
a.m. O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
New B-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
Press I-ORG
Association I-ORG
reported O
. O

Senior O
Sergeant O
Dave B-PER
Pearson I-PER
of O
Auckland B-LOC
police O
said O
John B-PER
Grant I-PER
Fagan I-PER
was O
in O
police O
custody O
, O
but O
further O
details O
of O
his O
capture O
would O
not O
be O
released O
until O
a O
press O
conference O
later O
in O
the O
day O
. O

Fagan B-PER
had O
earlier O
telephoned O
an O
Auckland B-LOC
radio O
station O
in O
a O
distraught O
state O
, O
saying O
he O
feared O
for O
his O
life O
. O

Police O
said O
he O
did O
not O
have O
a O
weapon O
when O
taken O
into O
custody O
and O
was O
now O
cooperating O
with O
them O
. O

Radio B-ORG
New I-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
reported O
earlier O
that O
an O
armed O
man O
on O
Monday O
entered O
the O
Northcote B-ORG
College I-ORG
swimming O
pool O
changing O
sheds O
and O
confronted O
a O
16-year-old O
schoolgirl O
. O

A O
shot O
was O
fired O
, O
but O
onlookers O
managed O
to O
disarm O
the O
man O
. O

-- O
Wellington B-LOC
newsroom O
64 O
4 O
473-4746 O

-DOCSTART- O

Police O
seek O
fugitive O
after O
Auckland B-LOC
gun O
incident O
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Auckland B-LOC
police O
were O
seeking O
an O
escaped O
gunman O
on O
Tuesday O
after O
an O
incident O
in O
which O
he O
fired O
at O
a O
16-year-old O
schoolgirl O
, O
Radio B-ORG
New I-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
said O
. O

The O
man O
entered O
the O
Northcote B-ORG
College I-ORG
swimming O
pool O
changing O
sheds O
on O
Monday O
and O
told O
the O
girl O
and O
a O
friend O
: O
" O
You O
're O
for O
it O
now O
. O
" O

A O
shot O
was O
fired O
, O
but O
onlookers O
managed O
to O
seize O
the O
gun O
, O
the O
radio O
said O
. O

Police O
, O
who O
were O
unsuccessful O
in O
finding O
the O
man O
overnight O
, O
described O
him O
as O
disturbed O
and O
dangerous O
. O

-- O
Wellington B-LOC
newsroom O
64 O
4 O
473-4746 O

-DOCSTART- O

SIMEX B-ORG
Brent I-ORG
closed O
on O
Monday O
owing O
to O
IPE B-ORG
holiday O
. O

SINGAPORE B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The O
Brent B-ORG
crude O
futures O
market O
on O
the O
Singapore B-ORG
International I-ORG
Monetary I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
SIMEX B-ORG
) O
was O
closed O
on O
Monday O
in O
respect O
for O
a O
U.K. B-LOC
national O
holiday O
. O

THE O
SIMEX B-ORG
Brent I-ORG
market O
keeps O
to O
the O
trading O
schedule O
of O
the O
International B-ORG
Petroleum I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
IPE B-ORG
) O
in O
London B-LOC
, O
which O
is O
closed O
for O
a O
British B-MISC
bank O
holiday O
. O

Contracts O
traded O
in O
Singapore B-LOC
are O
mutually O
offset O
against O
contracts O
traded O
in O
London B-LOC
. O

-- O
Singapore B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
( O
+65 O
870 O
3081 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Metro B-ORG
slides O
3.3 O
pct O
after O
market O
opens O
. O

SINGAPORE B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Shares O
in O
retailer O
Metro B-ORG
Holdings I-ORG
dropped O
3.31 O
percent O
, O
or O
Singapore B-LOC
$ O
0.20 O
, O
to O
S$ B-MISC
5.85 O
minutes O
after O
the O
market O
opened O
on O
Monday O
. O

By O
0120 O
GMT B-MISC
, O
357,000 O
Metro B-ORG
shares O
had O
been O
traded O
. O

On O
Friday O
, O
Metro B-ORG
Holdings I-ORG
topped O
gainers O
, O
soaring O
by O
S$ B-MISC
1.55 O
to O
close O
at O
S$ B-MISC
6.05 O
on O
market O
rumours O
of O
a O
takeover O
bid O
by O
First B-ORG
Capital I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

The O
company O
said O
it O
was O
not O
aware O
of O
any O
reason O
for O
the O
surge O
. O

-- O
Singapore B-LOC
newsroom O
( O
65 O
8703080 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Indonesian B-MISC
rupiah O
stable O
in O
quiet O
late O
trading O
. O

JAKARTA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The O
Indonesian B-MISC
rupiah O
was O
stable O
against O
the O
dollar O
in O
quiet O
trading O
on O
Monday O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

They O
said O
volume O
was O
thin O
following O
a O
public O
holiday O
in O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
and O
the O
United B-LOC
Kingdom I-LOC
. O

" O
We O
did O
n't O
see O
anything O
from O
Singapore B-LOC
operators O
either O
. O

It O
's O
a O
pretty O
quiet O
day O
, O
" O
one O
foreign O
bank O
dealer O
said O
. O

Spot O
rupiah O
was O
quoted O
at O
2,342.0 O
/ O
42.5 O
at O
0915 O
GMT B-MISC
, O
unchanged O
from O
the O
opening O
level O
. O

It O
was O
softer O
in O
the O
morning O
due O
to O
relatively O
ample O
rupiah O
liquidity O
but O
recovered O
later O
. O

Tomorrow O
and O
today O
rupiah O
closed O
at O
2,342.00 O
/ O
42.45 O
and O
2,341.5 O
/ O
42.0 O
, O
respectively O
. O

Another O
dealer O
said O
operators O
were O
reluctant O
to O
unload O
rupiah O
despite O
ample O
conditions O
due O
to O
the O
month-end O
factor O
. O

" O
There O
are O
two O
factors O
which O
determine O
the O
market O
at O
present O
. O

The O
liquidity O
at O
month-end O
and O
the O
next O
court O
hearing O
scheduled O
for O
Thursday O
, O
" O
the O
dealer O
said O
. O

Megawati B-PER
Sukarnoputri I-PER
, O
deposed O
leader O
of O
the O
Indonesian B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PDI B-ORG
) O
has O
sued O
the O
government O
for O
ousting O
her O
as O
PDI B-ORG
leader O
. O

The O
central O
Jakarta B-LOC
court O
adjourned O
the O
case O
last O
Thursday O
for O
possible O
out-of-court O
settlement O
. O

The O
hearing O
is O
due O
to O
resume O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Megawati B-PER
's O
lawyers O
said O
they O
were O
still O
discussing O
a O
possible O
out O
of O
court O
settlement O
but O
they O
was O
not O
optimistic O
an O
agreement O
could O
be O
reached O
. O

The O
dealer O
said O
this O
issue O
remained O
a O
factor O
but O
its O
importance O
to O
the O
market O
seemed O
to O
diminish O
. O

He O
said O
liquidity O
would O
be O
the O
main O
concern O
for O
the O
next O
few O
days O
. O

Overnight O
swap O
was O
at O
0.45 O
/ O
0.48 O
and O
tom O
/ O
next O
at O
0.50 O
/ O
0.55 O
. O

One-month O
swap O
was O
at O
18.0 O
/ O
18.5 O
, O
two O
at O
34.0 O
/ O
35.0 O
, O
three O
at O
52.75 O
/ O
53.50 O
and O
six O
at O
106.5 O
/ O
107.0 O
points O
. O

The O
central O
bank O
kept O
its O
intervention O
rate O
at O
2,337 O
/ O
2,455 O
and O
the O
conversion O
rate O
at O
2,337 O
/ O
2,383 O
on O
Monday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Senate B-ORG
intelligence O
chairman O
in O
Saudi B-MISC
bomb O
probe O
. O

DUBAI B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

U.S. B-ORG
Senate I-ORG
Intelligence I-ORG
Committee I-ORG
chairman O
Arlen B-PER
Specter I-PER
, O
who O
has O
questioned O
whether O
Defence B-ORG
Secretary O
William B-PER
Perry I-PER
should O
resign O
over O
the O
latest O
bombing O
in O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
, O
met O
Saudi B-MISC
officials O
on O
Monday O
during O
a O
brief O
visit O
to O
the O
kingdom O
. O

A O
U.S. B-LOC
embassy O
spokesman O
in O
Riyadh B-LOC
said O
Specter B-PER
, O
who O
arrived O
from O
neighbouring O
Oman B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
and O
left O
on O
Monday O
, O
had O
talks O
with O
Saudi B-MISC
and O
American B-MISC
officials O
in O
Dhahran B-LOC
, O
where O
19 O
U.S. B-LOC
airmen O
were O
killed O
by O
a O
fuel O
truck O
bomb O
on O
June O
25 O
, O
and O
Riyadh B-LOC
. O

Specter B-PER
met O
Crown O
Prince B-PER
Abdullah I-PER
and O
Minister O
of O
Defence B-ORG
and I-ORG
Aviation I-ORG
Prince O
Sultan B-PER
in O
Jeddah B-LOC
, O
Saudi B-MISC
state O
television O
and O
the O
official O
Saudi B-ORG
Press I-ORG
Agency I-ORG
reported O
. O

He O
had O
earlier O
visited O
Japan B-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
and O
China B-LOC
. O

Specter B-PER
said O
after O
the O
bombing O
there O
should O
be O
a O
shake-up O
at O
the O
Pentagon B-ORG
and O
questioned O
whether O
Perry B-PER
should O
resign O
. O

He O
said O
he O
was O
not O
satisfied O
with O
some O
of O
Perry B-PER
's O
answers O
to O
the O
committee O
's O
questions O
in O
closed O
testimony O
last O
month O
. O

The O
question O
of O
whether O
Perry B-PER
should O
resign O
remained O
open O
, O
the O
Pennsylvania B-LOC
Republican B-MISC
said O
. O

FBI B-ORG
Director O
Louis B-PER
Freeh I-PER
, O
who O
has O
twice O
visited O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
to O
seek O
improved O
cooperation O
with O
Saudi B-MISC
investigators O
, O
told O
the O
committee O
he O
was O
not O
entirely O
satisfied O
with O
Saudi B-MISC
cooperation O
on O
the O
Dhahran B-LOC
bomb O
and O
a O
previous O
bomb O
attack O
in O
Riyadh B-LOC
. O

" O
If O
we O
're O
to O
stay O
in O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
, O
we O
need O
to O
have O
total O
cooperation O
, O
" O
Specter B-PER
said O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
has O
5,000 O
U.S. B-LOC
air O
force O
and O
other O
military O
personnel O
in O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hijacked O
Sudanese B-MISC
plane O
leaves O
Cyprus B-LOC
for O
Britain B-LOC
. O

LARNACA B-LOC
, O
Cyprus B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
Sudan B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
plane O
with O
199 O
passengers O
and O
crew O
which O
was O
hijacked O
to O
Cyprus B-LOC
took O
off O
from O
Larnaca B-LOC
airport O
after O
refuelling O
and O
headed O
to O
Britain B-LOC
early O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

Police O
said O
an O
unknown O
number O
of O
hijackers O
were O
on O
board O
the O
Airbus B-MISC
310 I-MISC
which O
was O
hijacked O
on O
its O
way O
from O
Khartoum B-LOC
to O
Amman B-LOC
in O
Jordan B-LOC
. O

One O
had O
threatened O
to O
blow O
it O
up O
unless O
it O
was O
refuelled O
and O
they O
were O
taken O
to O
London B-LOC
where O
they O
intended O
to O
surrender O
and O
seek O
political O
asylum O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kurds B-MISC
clash O
again O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
, O
dozens O
reported O
dead O
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Heavy O
fighting O
broke O
out O
between O
two O
rival O
Kurdish B-MISC
factions O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
at O
midnight O
Sunday O
and O
at O
least O
29 O
people O
were O
killed O
, O
one O
of O
the O
groups O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

The O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
KDP B-ORG
) O
said O
the O
Patriotic B-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Kurdistan I-ORG
( O
PUK B-ORG
) O
had O
broken O
the O
U.S.-brokered B-MISC
ceasefire O
agreed O
between O
the O
two O
parties O
last O
week O
. O

The O
factions O
reached O
a O
ceasefire O
on O
Friday O
after O
a O
week O
of O
fierce O
fighting O
which O
had O
put O
an O
end O
to O
a O
truce O
agreed O
a O
year O
earlier O
. O

" O
The O
PUK B-ORG
leadership O
who O
pledged O
to O
end O
fighting O
and O
cooperate O
with O
the O
latest O
U.S. B-LOC
initiative O
started O
a O
major O
military O
offensive O
against O
KDP B-ORG
positions O
, O
" O
the O
KDP B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

It O
said O
heavy O
fighting O
started O
at O
midnight O
in O
the O
region O
dividing O
the O
two O
warring O
factions O
, O
with O
the O
PUK B-ORG
aiming O
to O
break O
through O
to O
KDP B-ORG
's O
headquarters O
in O
Salahuddin B-LOC
. O

The O
KDP B-ORG
said O
29 O
PUK B-ORG
fighters O
were O
killed O
in O
the O
attack O
. O

It O
did O
not O
provide O
details O
of O
KDP B-ORG
casualties O
and O
a O
PUK B-ORG
spokesman O
was O
not O
immediately O
available O
for O
comment O
. O

The O
statement O
said O
the O
PUK B-ORG
resumed O
its O
attack O
on O
Monday O
morning O
on O
KDP B-ORG
positions O
near O
Rawandouz B-LOC
and O
indiscriminately O
shelled O
the O
town O
of O
Dayana B-LOC
, O
killing O
a O
priest O
and O
injuring O
some O
civilians O
. O

The O
fighting O
has O
threatened O
a O
U.S.-led B-MISC
peace O
plan O
to O
unite O
the O
mountainous O
Kurdish B-MISC
region O
in O
northern O
Iraq B-LOC
against O
President O
Saddam B-PER
Hussein I-PER
. O

A O
U.S.-led B-MISC
air O
force O
has O
protected O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurds I-MISC
against O
attack O
from O
Baghdad B-LOC
since O
shortly O
after O
the O
Gulf B-MISC
War I-MISC
in O
1991 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Egypt B-LOC
to O
press O
Britain B-LOC
over O
Islamist B-MISC
conference O
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Egypt B-LOC
will O
tell O
Britain B-LOC
it O
is O
concerned O
about O
a O
meeting O
of O
Islamists B-MISC
to O
be O
held O
in O
London B-LOC
soon O
, O
Foreign O
Minister O
Amr B-PER
Moussa I-PER
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

" O
There O
is O
a O
question O
mark O
over O
this O
issue O
. O

We O
, O
and O
many O
other O
countries O
, O
do O
n't O
understand O
this O
( O
Britain B-LOC
's O
) O
position O
, O
" O
Moussa B-PER
told O
reporters O
. O

" O
Egypt B-LOC
will O
contact O
the O
British B-MISC
government O
to O
find O
out O
the O
truth O
of O
the O
matter O
and O
to O
discuss O
the O
possible O
consequences O
of O
such O
an O
unfortunate O
step O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Egyptian B-MISC
government O
newspapers O
have O
criticised O
Britain B-LOC
for O
allowing O
Islamists B-MISC
, O
whom O
they O
brand O
as O
" O
terrorists O
" O
, O
to O
hold O
their O
conference O
, O
saying O
the O
meeting O
will O
be O
a O
chance O
for O
dangerous O
Moslem B-MISC
militants O
to O
plot O
against O
their O
countries O
of O
origin O
. O

It O
is O
not O
clear O
when O
the O
conference O
will O
be O
held O
. O

About O
1,000 O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
Egypt B-LOC
since O
Islamic B-MISC
militants O
took O
up O
arms O
in O
1992 O
in O
an O
attempt O
to O
overthrow O
the O
government O
and O
set O
up O
a O
strict O
Islamic B-MISC
state O
. O

Cairo B-LOC
says O
several O
Egyptian B-MISC
militants O
on O
the O
run O
from O
death O
sentences O
or O
convictions O
for O
violent O
attacks O
at O
home O
have O
taken O
shelter O
in O
Britain B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Israeli B-MISC
army O
ransacks O
Bedouin B-MISC
Palestinian I-MISC
camp O
. O

AL-MUNTAR B-LOC
, O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Israeli B-MISC
security O
forces O
ransacked O
a O
Bedouin B-MISC
encampment O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
on O
Monday O
to O
expel O
them O
from O
an O
area O
which O
Palestinians B-MISC
say O
had O
been O
earmarked O
for O
Jewish B-MISC
settlement O
expansion O
, O
residents O
said O
. O

They O
said O
soldiers O
stole O
a O
gold O
necklace O
and O
about O
$ O
2,000 O
in O
Israeli B-MISC
currency O
from O
an O
elderly O
woman O
and O
her O
daughter-in-law O
while O
rummaging O
through O
their O
luggage O
before O
destroying O
family O
shacks O
and O
animal O
barns O
. O

" O
They O
rammed O
our O
shacks O
with O
jeeps O
and O
destroyed O
the O
shack O
over O
my O
baby O
, O
" O
said O
25-year-old O
Amina B-PER
Muhammad I-PER
. O
" O

He O
was O
saved O
only O
by O
a O
miracle O
. O
" O

A O
spokesman O
for O
Israel B-LOC
's O
civil O
administration O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
said O
the O
Bedouins B-MISC
were O
moved O
because O
they O
were O
encamped O
on O
an O
Israeli B-MISC
army O
firing O
zone O
. O

The O
spokesman O
Peter B-PER
Lerner I-PER
said O
he O
knew O
nothing O
about O
soldiers O
having O
stolen O
anything O
from O
the O
Palestinians B-MISC
. O

Israeli B-MISC
security O
forces O
have O
been O
pursuing O
Bedouin B-MISC
Palestinians I-MISC
living O
in O
the O
desolate O
wilderness O
between O
East B-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
and O
the O
Dead B-LOC
Sea I-LOC
, O
where O
several O
Jewish B-MISC
settlements O
have O
been O
established O
. O

The O
Israeli B-MISC
army O
also O
uses O
the O
area O
for O
military O
training O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
base O
metals O
and O
scrap O
prices O
- O
August O
26 O
. O

U.S. B-LOC
premiums O
added O
to O
LME B-ORG
official O
cash O
settlement O
price O
, O
except O
for O
copper O
, O
which O
is O
added O
to O
the O
COMEX B-MISC
spot O
month O
. O

Premium O
includes O
price O
for O
delivery O
to O
consumer O
's O
works O
. O

-- O

Aluminum O
: O
Western B-MISC
grade O
3.25-3.75 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Russian B-MISC
grade O
A7E O
3.25-3.75 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Russian B-MISC
grade O
A0 O
nominal O
2.00-2.25 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Zinc O
: O
Special O
high O
grade O
SHG O
5.50-6.00 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Lead O
3.50-4.00 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Tin O
( O
Grade O
A O
) O
6.5-8.5 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

( O
low O
lead O
, O
50 O
ppm O
) O
9.0-10.5 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Nickel O
( O
melting O
grade O
) O
9.0-12.0 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Copper O
( O
high O
grade O
cathode O
) O
2.50-3.0 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

-- O

Aluminum O
alloy O
( O
A380 O
grade O
) O
, O
Midwest B-LOC

and O
East B-LOC
coast I-LOC
, O
delivered O
to O
consumer O
65-66 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

-- O

Aluminum O
scrap O
, O
Midwest B-LOC
and O
East B-LOC
coast I-LOC
average O
price O
, O

delivered O
to O
consumer O

Old O
Sheet O
and O
Cast O
metal O
42 O
to O
44 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Turnings O
, O
clean O
and O
dry O
43 O
to O
44 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Mixed O
low-copper O
clips O
48 O
to O
49 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

-- O

Copper O
scrap O
, O
Midwest B-LOC
and O
East B-LOC
coast I-LOC
average O
price O
, O

delivered O
to O
consumer O

No2 O
Refined O
75 O
to O
77 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

No1 O
Bare O
Bright O
91 O
to O
92 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

No1 O
Burnt O
87 O
to O
90 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

-- O

Lead O
batteries O
, O
delivered O
consumer O
4.5 O
to O
6.0 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

U.S. B-LOC
Producer O
list O
/ O
transaction O
prices O

-- O

Alcan B-ORG
aluminum O
, O
U.S. B-LOC
Midwest I-LOC
( O
effective O
date O
: O
August O
1 O
, O
1996 O
) O

P1020 O
ingot O
75 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

extrusion O
billet O
85 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Noranda B-ORG
aluminum O
, O
U.S. B-LOC
Midwest I-LOC
( O
effective O
date:August O
1 O
, O
1996 O
) O

ingot O
75 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

extrusion O
billet O
85 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

RSR B-ORG
pure O
lead O
price O
( O
effective O
date O
: O
March O
20 O
, O
1996 O
) O

52 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

Doe B-ORG
Run I-ORG
pure O
lead O
price O
( O
effective O
date O
: O
August O
14 O
, O
1996 O
) O

50 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

ASARCO B-ORG
pure O
lead O
( O
effective O
date O
: O
August O
1 O
, O
1996 O
) O

premium O
over O
LME B-ORG
cash O
7.5 O
cents O
/ O
pound O

-- O
( O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
commodities O
desk O
212 O
859 O
1646 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Florida B-LOC
boy O
kills O
himself O
before O
starting O
new O
school O
. O

FORT B-LOC
LAUDERDALE I-LOC
, O
Fla. B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

A O
12-year-old O
Florida B-LOC
boy O
hanged O
himself O
in O
his O
backyard O
just O
hours O
before O
he O
was O
due O
to O
start O
at O
a O
new O
school O
on O
Monday O
, O
police O
said O
. O

Samuel B-PER
Graham I-PER
, O
who O
told O
his O
family O
earlier O
that O
he O
was O
nervous O
about O
starting O
at O
a O
new O
school O
because O
he O
feared O
teasing O
about O
his O
weight O
problem O
, O
had O
been O
due O
to O
spend O
his O
first O
day O
at O
Parkway B-ORG
Middle I-ORG
School I-ORG
Monday O
, O
police O
said O
. O

The O
boy O
was O
last O
seen O
alive O
Sunday O
night O
when O
he O
joined O
his O
two O
younger O
brothers O
and O
father O
in O
a O
bedtime O
prayer O
. O

Two O
younger O
brothers O
found O
him O
hanging O
from O
a O
tree O
early O
Monday O
morning O
. O

His O
father O
cut O
him O
down O
and O
tried O
to O
revive O
him O
but O
paramedics O
pronounced O
him O
dead O
when O
they O
arrived O
. O

The O
Broward B-ORG
County I-ORG
Sheriff I-ORG
's I-ORG
Office I-ORG
found O
a O
step O
stool O
and O
a O
flashlight O
under O
the O
tree O
where O
the O
boy O
was O
hanged O
. O

They O
said O
there O
was O
no O
sign O
of O
foul O
play O
and O
that O
investigators O
believed O
the O
death O
was O
a O
suicide O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CBOT O
rice O
closes O
higher O
on O
technical O
bounce O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

CBOT O
rice O
futures O
closed O
higher O
on O
a O
technical O
bounce O
tied O
to O
signs O
the O
market O
was O
oversold O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

" O
It O
rallied O
on O
ideas O
the O
market O
was O
oversold O
, O
" O
a O
trader O
said O
. O

Traders O
said O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
cash O
market O
remains O
well O
above O
the O
benchmark O
Thai B-MISC
price O
which O
limited O
gains O
. O

Rice O
futures O
volume O
was O
estimated O
at O
450 O
contracts O
, O
up O
from O
202 O
Friday O
. O

Rice O
options O
volume O
was O
estimated O
at O
50 O
contracts O
, O
down O
from O
56 O
Friday O
. O

Rice O
futures O
closed O
13 O
to O
16 O
cents O
per O
cwt O
higher O
, O
with O
September O
up O
16 O
at O
$ O
10.28 O
a O
cwt O
. O

Sam B-PER
Nelson I-PER
312-408-8721 O

-DOCSTART- O

Talbott B-PER
to O
meet O
Russian B-MISC
, O
Canadian B-MISC
counterparts O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Deputy O
Secretary O
of O
State O
Strobe B-PER
Talbott I-PER
flew O
to O
Ottawa B-LOC
on O
Monday O
to O
meet O
his O
Russian B-MISC
counterpart O
and O
discuss O
a O
range O
of O
bilateral O
and O
European B-MISC
security O
issues O
, O
the O
State B-ORG
Department I-ORG
said O
. O

Talbott B-PER
, O
the O
second-ranking O
State B-ORG
Department I-ORG
official O
, O
was O
to O
meet O
Russian B-MISC
Deputy O
Foreign O
Minister O
Georgy B-PER
Mamedov I-PER
as O
part O
of O
a O
regular O
pattern O
of O
consultations O
, O
the O
department O
said O
. O

" O
There O
is O
much O
to O
discuss O
on O
the O
fall O
calendar O
, O
" O
acting O
chief O
spokesman O
Glyn B-PER
Davies I-PER
said O
. O
" O

There O
's O
a O
fairly O
intensive O
diplomatic O
calendar O
coming O
up O
in O
the O
fall O
. O
" O

He O
said O
Talbott B-PER
, O
who O
was O
scheduled O
to O
return O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
would O
also O
to O
meet O
his O
Canadian B-MISC
counterpart O
, O
Gordon B-PER
Smith I-PER
, O
in O
Ottawa B-LOC
for O
talks O
that O
would O
include O
the O
situation O
in O
Haiti B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
Midwest I-LOC
hog O
market O
seen O
steady O
Tuesday O
- O
trade O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Midwest B-LOC
direct O
cash O
hog O
prices O
Tuesday O
were O
seen O
steady O
following O
strong O
demand O
Monday O
that O
lifted O
prices O
as O
much O
as O
$ O
1.50 O
per O
cwt O
in O
some O
areas O
, O
livestock O
dealers O
said O
. O

The O
demand O
was O
sparked O
by O
Saturday O
's O
active O
slaughter O
, O
which O
left O
some O
packers O
short O
on O
supplies O
to O
get O
Monday O
operations O
started O
, O
they O
said O
. O

Top O
prices O
in O
Iowa B-LOC
/ O
southern O
Minnesota B-LOC
Tuesday O
were O
expected O
to O
range O
from O
mostly O
$ O
59.50 O
to O
$ O
60.00 O
, O
steady O
following O
a O
$ O
0.50 O
- O
$ O
1.50 O
jump O
Monday O
. O

Illinois B-LOC
tops O
were O
seen O
matching O
Monday O
's O
at O
$ O
59.00 O
with O
tops O
in O
Indiana B-LOC
at O
$ O
57.50 O
. O

However O
, O
USDA B-ORG
reported O
tops O
of O
$ O
58.00 O
in O
Illinois B-LOC
and O
in O
Iowa B-LOC
/ O
southern O
Minnesota B-LOC
, O
$ O
60.00 O
on O
some O
hogs O
Monday O
. O

Attempts O
to O
move O
prices O
higher O
again O
Tuesday O
could O
be O
offset O
by O
expected O
increased O
hog O
marketings O
this O
week O
, O
sources O
said O
. O

Producers O
were O
expected O
to O
ship O
as O
many O
hogs O
as O
they O
can O
ahead O
of O
the O
Labor B-MISC
Day I-MISC
holiday O
weekend O
, O
they O
said O
. O

Demand O
for O
hogs O
is O
expected O
to O
be O
light O
by O
the O
end O
of O
the O
week O
, O
as O
the O
industry O
prepares O
for O
Labor B-MISC
Day I-MISC
, O
Monday O
, O
September O
1 O
when O
most O
U.S. B-LOC
packers O
will O
be O
closed O
. O

-- O
Bob B-PER
Janis I-PER
312-983-7347-- O

-DOCSTART- O

Gore B-PER
presents O
new O
image O
of O
lead O
attack O
dog O
. O

Michael B-PER
Posner I-PER

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

No O
more O
mild-mannered O
and O
meek O
Al B-PER
Gore I-PER
, O
the O
vice O
president O
and O
likely O
heir O
apparent O
to O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
, O
emerged O
on O
Monday O
as O
the O
new O
Democratic B-MISC
attack O
dog O
leading O
a O
front-line O
assault O
on O
Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
and O
House B-ORG
Speaker O
Newt B-PER
Gingrich I-PER
. O

While O
Clinton B-PER
takes O
a O
train O
trip O
to O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
Convention I-MISC
that O
will O
renominate O
him O
on O
Wednesday O
for O
a O
second O
term O
, O
Gore B-PER
is O
the O
bright O
star O
in O
the O
convention O
city O
now O
. O

Crowds O
anxiously O
wait O
for O
his O
appearances O
, O
thrusting O
out O
hands O
for O
him O
to O
grip O
as O
they O
scream O
" O
12 O
more O
years O
" O
-- O
a O
wishful O
hope O
to O
eight O
years O
of O
Gore B-PER
after O
a O
Clinton B-PER
re-election O
. O

Over O
a O
15-hour O
span O
from O
Sunday O
evening O
to O
Monday O
morning O
, O
so O
many O
people O
jammed O
Gore B-PER
events O
that O
the O
fire O
marshal O
stopped O
members O
of O
Congress B-ORG
, O
reporters O
and O
others O
from O
entering O
a O
pro-Israel B-MISC
rally O
and O
a O
meeting O
of O
the O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
delegation O
. O

In O
his O
appearances O
, O
the O
often O
stiff O
and O
wooden O
Gore B-PER
seemed O
transformed O
into O
a O
new O
energetic O
, O
gesturing O
" O
pol O
" O
as O
he O
ripped O
into O
Republican B-MISC
presidential O
nominee O
Dole B-PER
and O
Gingrich B-PER
, O
who O
has O
emerged O
as O
the O
favorite O
right-wing O
foil O
of O
Democrats B-MISC
. O

Gore B-PER
told O
a O
roaring O
labor O
rally O
of O
about O
1,000 O
union O
workers O
that O
Dole B-PER
and O
Gingrich B-PER
were O
the O
virtual O
personifaction O
of O
evil O
, O
without O
even O
mentioning O
that O
former O
Housing O
Secretary O
Jack B-PER
Kemp I-PER
is O
Dole B-PER
's O
running O
mate O
. O

" O
With O
equal O
measures O
of O
ignorance O
and O
audacity O
this O
two-headed O
monster O
of O
Dole B-PER
and O
Gingrich B-PER
has O
been O
launching O
an O
all O
out O
assault O
on O
decades O
of O
progress O
of O
behalf O
of O
working O
men O
and O
women O
, O
" O
Gore B-PER
said O
to O
whoops O
of O
" O
12 O
more O
years O
. O
" O

" O
They O
want O
to O
drive O
you O
out O
of O
politics O
and O
they O
ca O
n't O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O
" O

They O
want O
to O
silence O
your O
voices O
in O
elections O
. O
" O

At O
a O
downtown O
hotel O
Monday O
, O
the O
48-year-old O
Gore B-PER
gave O
Wisconsin B-LOC
delegates O
a O
taste O
again O
of O
the O
new O
Gore B-PER
. O

" O
I O
want O
you O
to O
ask O
this O
question O
. O

What O
would O
Wisconsin B-LOC
face O
if O
the O
same O
extremist O
coalition O
, O
the O
Gingrich B-ORG
/ I-ORG
Dole I-ORG
Congress I-ORG
, O
also O
controlled O
the O
executive O
branch O
? O
" O

Gore B-PER
said O
. O

Noting O
the O
next O
presidential O
term O
will O
probably O
see O
two O
or O
three O
Supreme B-ORG
Court I-ORG
justice O
nominations O
, O
he O
warned O
, O
" O
Their O
extremist O
agenda O
would O
come O
out O
of O
the O
Gingrich B-ORG
Congress I-ORG
, O
into O
and O
through O
the O
Dole B-ORG
White I-ORG
House I-ORG
, O
down O
through O
the O
Supreme B-ORG
Court I-ORG
. O
" O

He O
painted O
a O
scene O
of O
horrors O
he O
saw O
if O
Republicans B-MISC
controlled O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
and O
the O
Congress B-ORG
they O
hold O
now O
. O
" O

Our O
personal O
and O
religious O
liberties O
would O
be O
at O
risk O
. O

Medicare B-MISC
would O
be O
at O
risk O
of O
withering O
on O
the O
vine O
. O

Medicaid B-MISC
would O
be O
at O
risk O
of O
being O
taken O
away O
from O
poor O
children O
. O

Education O
would O
be O
at O
risk O
. O

The O
environment O
would O
be O
at O
risk O
from O
the O
polluters O
that O
control O
that O
coalition O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

His O
new O
style O
mixed O
an O
assault O
on O
Republicans B-MISC
with O
what O
he O
sees O
as O
" O
productive O
opportunity O
, O
a O
vision O
for O
the O
future O
that O
lifts O
up O
working O
families O
, O
that O
builds O
Wisconsin B-LOC
stronger O
, O
that O
builds O
America B-LOC
stronger O
. O

With O
your O
help O
we O
can O
re-elect O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
. O
" O

Dole B-PER
's O
tax O
cut O
plans O
were O
called O
" O
deja-voodoo O
economics O
.... O
It O
's O
a O
warmed-over O
plan O
that O
failed O
and O
drove O
our O
economy O
into O
a O
ditch O
. O

We O
got O
burned O
once O
and O
we O
wo O
n't O
let O
that O
happen O
to O
our O
nation O
again O
. O
" O

Gore B-PER
ridiculed O
Dole B-PER
's O
defense O
of O
the O
tobacco O
industry O
, O
praised O
Clinton B-PER
for O
" O
courage O
" O
in O
advancing O
regulations O
of O
it O
. O

To O
the O
delegates O
of O
Wisconsin B-LOC
, O
a O
leading O
dairy O
state O
, O
Gore B-PER
had O
the O
right O
audience O
in O
poking O
fun O
at O
Dole B-PER
's O
comparison O
to O
addiction O
to O
tobacco O
to O
those O
who O
ca O
n't O
tolerate O
milk O
. O

" O
Some O
people O
say O
milk O
is O
bad O
for O
you O
, O
" O
Gore B-PER
said O
as O
Wisconsin B-LOC
delegates O
held O
aloft O
a O
plastic O
inflated O
cow O
. O

He O
praised O
Clinton B-PER
for O
vetoing O
the O
Republican B-MISC
Congress B-ORG
' O
attempt O
to O
repeal O
parts O
of O
the O
Clean B-MISC
Air I-MISC
Act I-MISC
, O
and O
criticized O
Republicans B-MISC
for O
" O
slashing O
money O
to O
combat O
drugs O
in O
schools O
. O
" O

" O
The O
choice O
has O
never O
been O
starker O
, O
the O
stakes O
today O
have O
never O
been O
higher O
, O
" O
Gore B-PER
said O
. O
" O

We O
're O
not O
going O
to O
let O
them O
get O
away O
with O
that O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Actor O
Reeve B-PER
highlights O
Democrats B-MISC
' O
first O
night O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The O
highlights O
of O
the O
first O
day O
of O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
convention O
on O
Monday O
were O
expected O
to O
feature O
a O
mix O
of O
party O
leaders O
and O
people O
who O
have O
overcome O
adversity O
. O

Among O
the O
latter O
were O
gun O
control O
advocate O
Sarah B-PER
Brady I-PER
and O
actor O
Christopher B-PER
Reeve I-PER
and O
the O
politicians O
included O
Rep B-MISC
. I-MISC

Richard B-PER
Gephardt I-PER
and O
Sen O
. O

Thomas B-PER
Daschle I-PER
. O

Here O
are O
thumbnail O
profiles O
of O
the O
convention O
's O
key O
Monday O
speakers O
. O

Sarah B-PER
Brady I-PER
-- O
The O
nation O
's O
toughest O
gun O
control O
law O
is O
named O
after O
Ronald B-PER
Reagan I-PER
's O
press O
secretary O
James B-PER
Brady I-PER
but O
it O
was O
his O
wife O
who O
was O
the O
major O
force O
behind O
its O
passage O
. O

As O
head O
of O
Handgun B-ORG
Control I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
, O
Sarah B-PER
Brady I-PER
, O
54 O
, O
campaigned O
nonstop O
for O
tough O
gun O
control O
in O
the O
years O
following O
the O
shooting O
of O
her O
husband O
and O
then O
President O
Reagan B-PER
in O
1981 O
. O

Her O
reward O
was O
the O
passage O
in O
1993 O
of O
the O
" O
Brady B-MISC
Bill I-MISC
" O
which O
requires O
a O
mandatory O
five-day O
waiting O
period O
for O
purchase O
of O
handguns O
and O
also O
mandates O
background O
checks O
for O
would-be O
gun O
purchasers O
. O

Reagan B-PER
recovered O
fully O
from O
his O
wounds O
but O
Brady B-PER
, O
who O
was O
close O
to O
death O
after O
being O
shot O
by O
John B-PER
Hinckley I-PER
Jr I-PER
. O

, O
suffered O
serious O
brain O
damage O
. O

Sarah B-PER
was O
Brady B-PER
's O
second O
wife O
and O
they O
have O
a O
son O
, O
James B-PER
Scott I-PER
Brady I-PER
Jr I-PER
. O

Before O
the O
assassination O
attempt O
, O
she O
had O
worked O
for O
Republican B-MISC
congressmen O
and O
for O
the O
Republican B-ORG
Party I-ORG
. O

Christopher B-PER
Reeve I-PER
-- O
Reeve B-PER
was O
best O
known O
for O
playing O
the O
comic O
book O
hero O
Superman B-PER
in O
four O
movies O
but O
his O
greatest O
heroics O
came O
in O
real O
life O
. O

Reeve B-PER
, O
an O
accomplished O
rider O
who O
owned O
several O
horses O
, O
suffered O
multiple O
injuries O
including O
two O
shattered O
neck O
vertebrae O
when O
he O
was O
thrown O
from O
his O
horse O
at O
an O
equestrian O
event O
in O
Culpepper B-LOC
, O
Virginia B-LOC
, O
on O
May O
27 O
, O
1995 O
. O

Almost O
entirely O
paralyzed O
, O
Reeve B-PER
underwent O
extensive O
surgery O
to O
fuse O
the O
vertebrae O
to O
the O
base O
of O
the O
skull O
and O
prevent O
any O
further O
damage O
to O
his O
spine O
. O

That O
allowed O
him O
to O
be O
moved O
to O
a O
semi-upright O
position O
. O

Over O
time O
he O
regained O
the O
power O
of O
speech O
, O
so O
much O
so O
that O
he O
was O
asked O
to O
address O
the O
opening O
night O
of O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
National I-MISC
Convention I-MISC
. O

Reeve B-PER
, O
43 O
, O
was O
classically O
trained O
as O
an O
actor O
but O
became O
the O
prototypical O
handsome O
leading O
man O
. O

He O
performed O
in O
summer O
stock O
and O
soap O
operas O
before O
being O
plucked O
as O
an O
almost O
unknown O
to O
play O
the O
lead O
in O
" O
Superman B-PER
" O
and O
three O
sequels O
. O

Richard B-PER
Gephardt I-PER
-- O
Gephardt B-PER
, O
House B-ORG
Democratic B-MISC
leader O
, O
is O
a O
politician O
with O
a O
" O
Mr B-PER
Clean I-PER
" O
reputation O
who O
sought O
the O
presidency O
eight O
years O
ago O
and O
is O
widely O
believed O
to O
still O
have O
ambitions O
for O
the O
job O
. O

Gephardt B-PER
, O
55 O
, O
the O
son O
of O
a O
milkman O
from O
a O
working O
class O
district O
of O
St. B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
, O
is O
a O
consummate O
congressional O
insider O
, O
sufficiently O
skilled O
in O
compromise O
and O
the O
ways O
of O
the O
legislature O
to O
manage O
the O
often-unruly O
House B-ORG
Democrats B-MISC
. O

A O
former O
lawyer O
, O
he O
was O
in O
the O
front O
line O
of O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
's O
battle O
with O
the O
Republican-led B-MISC
Congress B-ORG
over O
the O
budget O
but O
has O
opposed O
the O
president O
's O
decision O
to O
sign O
the O
Republican-written B-MISC
welfare O
reform O
bill O
. O

He O
advocated O
tough O
action O
against O
foreign O
countries O
to O
cut O
U.S. B-LOC
trade O
deficits O
but O
sometimes O
been O
out O
of O
step O
with O
the O
party O
's O
liberal O
wing O
. O

He O
was O
an O
opponent O
of O
abortion O
until O
1986 O
and O
voted O
for O
President O
Ronald B-PER
Reagan I-PER
's O
big O
tax O
cut O
bill O
. O

Gephardt B-PER
, O
a O
red-haired O
square-jawed O
man O
, O
is O
a O
less O
than O
fiery O
orator O
. O

His O
1988 O
bid O
for O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
nomination O
only O
took O
off O
after O
he O
recreated O
himself O
as O
a O
firebreathing O
reformer O
of O
the O
establishment O
, O
standing O
up O
for O
blue O
collar O
workers O
and O
farmers O
. O

Tom B-PER
Daschle I-PER
-- O
Daschle B-PER
, O
48 O
, O
was O
largely O
unknown O
outside O
Washington B-LOC
and O
his O
state O
of O
South B-LOC
Dakota I-LOC
when O
he O
surprisingly O
beat O
more O
prominent O
rivals O
to O
become O
Senate B-ORG
Democratic B-MISC
leader O
after O
the O
party O
lost O
its O
majority O
to O
the O
Republicans B-MISC
in O
1994 O
. O

A O
mild-mannered O
and O
youthful O
man O
who O
rose O
rapidly O
after O
entering O
the O
Senate B-ORG
in O
1987 O
, O
he O
presented O
himself O
as O
a O
Midwest B-LOC
moderate O
, O
as O
a O
Democratic B-MISC
winner O
in O
a O
Republican B-MISC
state O
able O
to O
unite O
Senate B-ORG
factions O
. O

Concern O
that O
he O
might O
be O
steamrollered O
by O
the O
vastly O
more O
experienced O
Republican B-MISC
leader O
Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
was O
dispelled O
when O
he O
showed O
a O
tough O
edge O
, O
outmaneuvering O
Dole B-PER
in O
a O
wrangle O
over O
scrapping O
a O
gas O
tax O
and O
raising O
the O
federal O
minimum O
wage O
. O

In O
his O
early O
Senate B-ORG
years O
he O
was O
seen O
as O
a O
" O
prairie O
populist O
" O
, O
working O
on O
legislation O
protecting O
farmers O
' O
prices O
and O
also O
on O
compensating O
veterans O
sickened O
by O
Agent B-MISC
Orange I-MISC
defoliant O
spraying O
in O
the O
Vietnam B-MISC
War I-MISC
. O

Daschle B-PER
was O
a O
key O
player O
in O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
's O
failed O
attempt O
at O
sweeping O
healthcare O
changes O
but O
when O
he O
became O
minority O
leader O
he O
declared O
he O
would O
be O
no O
water-carrier O
for O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
. O

He O
has O
made O
clear O
he O
opposed O
Clinton B-PER
's O
signing O
of O
the O
Republican-initiated B-MISC
welfare O
reform O
bill O
. O

He O
has O
spent O
his O
adult O
life O
in O
politics O
, O
coming O
to O
Congress B-ORG
as O
an O
aide O
in O
1972 O
after O
three O
years O
in O
the O
Air B-ORG
Force I-ORG
and O
then O
being O
elected O
to O
the O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Representatives I-ORG
himself O
in O
1978 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
boy O
, O
13 O
, O
accused O
of O
murdering O
adoptive O
mother O
. O

DALLAS B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

A O
13-year-old O
Dallas B-LOC
boy O
has O
been O
charged O
with O
murdering O
his O
adoptive O
mother O
over O
the O
weekend O
, O
police O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

Margaret B-PER
McCullough I-PER
, O
55 O
, O
was O
found O
dead O
in O
her O
home O
on O
Saturday O
with O
gunshot O
wounds O
to O
the O
head O
. O

Police O
, O
who O
at O
first O
thought O
her O
son O
had O
been O
kidnapped O
, O
found O
him O
on O
Sunday O
with O
a O
friend O
in O
his O
mother O
's O
car O
in O
Oklahoma B-LOC
and O
arrested O
him O
. O

A O
shotgun O
and O
a O
.357 O
handgun O
were O
found O
in O
the O
car O
. O

A O
police O
spokesman O
said O
the O
boy O
was O
being O
questioned O
. O
" O

They O
are O
talking O
to O
him O
now O
about O
the O
motive O
and O
everything O
else O
. O
" O

McCullough B-PER
had O
adopted O
the O
boy O
, O
who O
was O
the O
grandson O
of O
her O
late O
husband O
, O
shortly O
after O
his O
birth O
but O
neighbours O
said O
they O
often O
had O
loud O
arguments O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Pakistani B-MISC
bourse O
to O
use O
new O
recomposed O
index O
. O

KARACHI B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The O
Karachi B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
KSE B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Monday O
it O
would O
introduce O
a O
new O
recomposed O
KSE-100 B-MISC
index O
on O
September O
10 O
. O

A O
KSE B-ORG
statement O
said O
the O
recomposed O
index O
would O
be O
more O
representative O
, O
capturing O
market O
capitalisation O
of O
82.3 O
percent O
, O
up O
from O
79.9 O
percent O
previously O
. O

-- O
Karachi B-LOC
newsroom O
9221-5685192 O

-DOCSTART- O

NWE O
oil O
products O
mixed O
, O
holiday O
dulls O
trade O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

NWE O
oil O
products O
were O
mixed O
on O
Monday O
but O
markets O
were O
becalmed O
because O
of O
a O
public O
holiday O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
Kingdom I-LOC
, O
traders O
said O
. O

An O
explosion O
at O
Repsol B-ORG
's O
Puertollano B-LOC
refinery O
, O
which O
killed O
four O
workers O
, O
had O
not O
affected O
output O
of O
oil O
products O
, O
an O
official O
said O
. O

" O
The O
plant O
is O
functioning O
as O
usual O
, O
" O
Jose B-PER
Manuel I-PER
Prieto I-PER
, O
director O
of O
personnel O
, O
told O
Spanish B-MISC
state O
television O
. O

Gasoline O
prices O
were O
notionally O
unchanged O
from O
Friday O
despite O
sagging O
NYMEX O
numbers O
, O
with O
the O
arbitrage O
window O
to O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
considered O
closed O
for O
the O
moment O
. O

Eurograde O
barges O
were O
offered O
at O
$ O
207 O
fob O
ARA O
for O
Amsterdam-Rotterdam B-LOC
barrels O
, O
and O
at O
$ O
206 O
for O
full O
ARA O
material O
. O

" O
There O
is O
no O
market O
at O
the O
moment O
, O
" O
one O
Rotterdam B-LOC
trader O
said O
. O
" O

Maybe O
sentiment O
is O
a O
little O
bit O
weaker O
but O
prices O
have O
not O
changed O
. O
" O

Outright O
gas O
oil O
prices O
were O
notionally O
softer O
as O
the O
NYMEX O
heating O
oil O
contract O
headed O
lower O
, O
and O
following O
news O
that O
the O
Indian B-ORG
Oil I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
( O
IOC B-ORG
) O
had O
issued O
a O
tender O
to O
buy O
only O
120,000 O
tonnes O
of O
high O
speed O
diesel O
for O
October O
. O

Asian B-MISC
traders O
had O
earlier O
expected O
an O
IOC B-ORG
tender O
for O
around O
400,000 O
tonnes O
. O

ARA O
gas O
oil O
barges O
were O
quiet O
although O
one O
trader O
said O
he O
had O
seen O
offers O
at O
$ O
1 O
a O
tonne O
over O
September O
IPE O
for O
prompt O
barrels O
, O
while O
Antwerp B-LOC
material O
was O
available O
for O
0-50 O
cents O
over O
September O
. O

The O
IOC B-ORG
tender O
had O
" O
a O
bearish O
impact O
, O
but O
not O
a O
great O
impact O
, O
" O
one O
German B-MISC
player O
said O
. O

Fuel O
oil O
markets O
were O
also O
listless O
. O

Offers O
were O
around O
a O
dollar O
a O
tonne O
higher O
at O
$ O
102 O
fob O
ARA O
but O
bids O
were O
scarce O
. O

-- O
Nicholas B-PER
Shaxson I-PER
, O
London B-LOC
newsroom O
+44 O
171 O
542 O
8167 O

-DOCSTART- O

Prairies B-LOC
saw O
no O
frost O
Monday O
, O
none O
rest O
of O
week O
. O

WINNIPEG B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Canada B-LOC
's O
Prairies B-LOC
saw O
no O
frost O
on O
Monday O
morning O
and O
none O
was O
expected O
anywhere O
on O
the O
grainbelt O
until O
late O
in O
the O
Labour B-MISC
Day I-MISC
long O
weekend O
, O
Environment B-ORG
Canada I-ORG
said O
. O

" O
Apparently O
, O
we O
're O
home O
free O
for O
the O
rest O
of O
the O
week O
. O

We O
're O
not O
calling O
for O
any O
frost O
until O
after O
the O
weekend O
when O
it O
starts O
to O
cool O
off O
in O
northwestern O
Alberta B-LOC
after O
the O
weekend O
probably O
Monday O
or O
Tuesday O
, O
" O
meteorologist O
Gerald B-PER
Machnee I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Sprague B-LOC
, O
Manitoba B-LOC
, O
on O
the O
Minnesota B-LOC
border O
was O
the O
cold O
spot O
of O
the O
Prairies B-LOC
Monday O
morning O
at O
4.0 O
Celsius B-MISC
( O
39.2 O
F B-MISC
) O
. O

Temperatures O
at O
ground O
level O
can O
be O
2.0 O
to O
5.0 O
Celsius B-MISC
lower O
than O
at O
chest O
level O
depending O
on O
windspeed O
, O
sky O
conditions O
and O
ground O
surface O
moisture O
. O

Freezing O
occurs O
at O
0 O
Celsius B-MISC
( O
32.0 O
F B-MISC
) O
. O

North B-LOC
Battleford I-LOC
, O
Sask B-LOC
. O

, O
reported O
a O
low O
of O
5.0 O
Celsius B-MISC
( O
41.0 O
F B-MISC
) O
and O
Grande B-LOC
Prairie I-LOC
, O
Alta B-LOC
. O

, O
in O
the O
Peace B-LOC
River I-LOC
Valley I-LOC
reported O
7.0 O
Celsius B-MISC
( O
44.6 O
F B-MISC
) O
. O

Machnee B-PER
dismissed O
talk O
of O
frost O
Wednesday O
by O
proponents O
of O
the O
" O
full O
moon O
, O
frost O
soon O
" O
school O
of O
thought O
. O

Lows O
on O
August O
28 O
across O
the O
Prairies B-LOC
should O
range O
from O
8.0 O
to O
12.0 O
Celsius B-MISC
with O
highs O
around O
30.0 O
Celsius B-MISC
. O

-- O
Gilbert B-PER
Le I-PER
Gras I-PER
204 O
947 O
3548 O

-DOCSTART- O

Brush B-ORG
Wellman I-ORG
comments O
on O
beryllium O
lawsuits O
. O

CLEVELAND B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Brush B-ORG
Wellman I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
Monday O
that O
10 O
of O
24 O
lawsuits O
involving O
chronic O
beryllium O
disease O
have O
been O
dismissed O
since O
July O
1 O
. O

The O
leading O
U.S. B-LOC
beryllium O
producer O
said O
in O
a O
conference O
call O
it O
has O
traditionally O
been O
pro-active O
regarding O
the O
workplace O
disease O
, O
a O
lung O
ailment O
which O
can O
affects O
a O
small O
percent O
of O
people O
whose O
immune O
systems O
are O
susceptible O
. O

Of O
the O
14 O
remaining O
suits O
, O
10 O
were O
filed O
by O
employees O
of O
industrial O
Brush B-ORG
Wellman I-ORG
customers O
and O
Brush B-ORG
Wellman I-ORG
liability O
in O
such O
suits O
is O
typically O
covered O
by O
insurance O
, O
Timothy B-PER
Reid I-PER
, O
vice O
president O
of O
corporate O
communications O
, O
said O
on O
the O
call O
. O

The O
company O
was O
responding O
to O
an O
article O
in O
Sunday O
's O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Times I-ORG
. O

He O
said O
the O
article O
largely O
reiterated O
information O
about O
the O
suits O
and O
the O
disease O
which O
had O
previously O
been O
made O
public O
via O
Securities B-ORG
and I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
filings O
and O
annual O
reports O
. O

" O
Brush B-ORG
Wellman I-ORG
has O
been O
a O
leader O
in O
dealing O
with O
health O
and O
safety O
issues O
( O
related O
to O
chronic O
Beryllium O
disease O
) O
for O
nearly O
50 O
years O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

We O
have O
a O
record O
of O
going O
beyond O
regulatory O
requirements O
... O
and O
we O
consistently O
share O
the O
most O
current O
information O
available O
... O
with O
customers O
and O
employees O
. O
" O

The O
customer O
employee O
suits O
were O
filed O
in O
1990-95 O
, O
he O
said O
. O

A O
class O
action O
filed O
by O
a O
former O
Brush B-ORG
Wellman I-ORG
employee O
in O
April O
1996 O
was O
dismissed O
in O
July O
, O
he O
said O
. O

The O
company O
is O
" O
vigorously O
defending O
" O
the O
remaining O
four O
suits O
filed O
by O
former O
and O
current O
Brush B-ORG
Wellman I-ORG
employees O
, O
he O
said O
. O

After O
a O
delayed O
opening O
, O
the O
stock O
was O
off O
1-1/2 O
to O
18-7/8 O
. O

-- O
Cleveland B-ORG
Newsdesk I-ORG
216-579-0077 O

-DOCSTART- O

Salomon B-ORG
cuts O
refiner O
Q3 O
EPS O
view O
on O
margin O
concern O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Salomon B-ORG
Brothers I-ORG
analyst O
Paul B-PER
Ting I-PER
said O
he O
cut O
his O
share O
earnings O
estimates O
on O
refiners O
for O
the O
third O
quarter O
on O
the O
belief O
the O
companies O
will O
face O
sharp O
revisions O
in O
refining O
and O
marketing O
margins O
. O

He O
cut O
his O
third-quarter O
share O
earnings O
estimate O
on O
: O

-- O
Diamond B-ORG
Shamrock I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
to O
$ O
0.38 O
from O
$ O
0.73 O
versus O
the O
Street O
's O
consensus O
$ O
0.63 O

-- O
Sun B-ORG
Co I-ORG
to O
$ O
0.15 O
from O
$ O
0.85 O
versus O
the O
consensus O
$ O
0.63 O

-- O
Tosco B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
to O
$ O
0.95 O
from O
$ O
1.03 O
versus O
the O
consensus O
$ O
0.94 O

-- O
Total B-ORG
Petroleum I-ORG
( I-ORG
North I-ORG
America I-ORG
) I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
to O
$ O
0.15 O
from O
$ O
0.46 O
versus O
the O
consensus O
$ O
0.33 O

-- O
And O
, O
Valero B-ORG
Energy I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
to O
$ O
0.27 O
from O
$ O
0.55 O
compared O
with O
the O
consensus O
$ O
0.40 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESALE O
- O
Marion B-ORG
County I-ORG
Board I-ORG
of I-ORG
Education I-ORG
, O
W. B-LOC
Va I-LOC
. O

AMT O
: O
3,250,000 O
DATE O
: O
09/04/96 O
NYC B-MISC
Time I-MISC
: O
1200 O
CUSIP O
: O
569399 O

ISSUER O
: O
Marion B-ORG
County I-ORG
Board I-ORG
of I-ORG
Education I-ORG
ST O
: O
WV O

ISSUE O
: O
Public O
School O
, O
Series O
1996 O
TAX O
STAT:Exempt-ULT O

M O
/ O
SP O
/ O
F O
: O
NA O
/ O
NA O
/ O
NA O
BOOK O
ENTRY O
: O
Y O

ENHANCEMENTS O
: O
None O
BANK O
QUAL O
: O
Y O

DTD O
: O
09/01/96 O
SURE O
BID O
: O
N O

DUE O
: O
5/1/98-02 O
SR O
MGR O
: O

1ST O
CPN O
: O
05/01/97 O

CALL O
: O
Non-Callable O
NIC O

DELIVERY O
: O
9/17/96 O
approx O
ORDERS O
: O

PAYING O
AGENT O
: O
WesBanco B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
Fairmont B-LOC
, O
Fairmont B-LOC

L.O. O
: O
Steptoe B-ORG
& I-ORG
Johnson I-ORG
, O
Clarksburg B-LOC

F.A. O
: O
Ferris B-ORG
, I-ORG
Baker I-ORG
Watts I-ORG
, I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
, O
Charleston B-LOC

LAST O
SALE O
: O
$ O
7,330,000 O
( O
MBIA O
) O
3/1/90 O
@ O
6.14900 O
% O
NIC O
; O
4yrs O
4mos O
Avg O
; O
BBI-7.27 O
% O

Year O
Amount O
Coupon O
Yield O
Price O
Conc O
. O

1998 O
575,000 O

1999 O
610,000 O

2000 O
650,000 O

2001 O
685,000 O

2002 O
730,000 O

COMPETITIVE O
PRE-SALE O
CONTRIBUTED O
BY O
J.J. B-ORG
KENNY I-ORG
K-SHEETS O
: O

-DOCSTART- O

BALANCE O
- O
Ohio B-LOC
refunding O
bonds O
at O
$ O
290,000 O
. O

STATE B-LOC
OF I-LOC
OHIO I-LOC

RE O
: O
$ O
70,375,000 O

( O
OHIO B-ORG
BUILDING I-ORG
AUTHORITY I-ORG
) O

STATE O
FACILITIES O
REFUNDING O
BONDS O

1996 O
SERIES O
A O

REPRICING O
OF O
THE O
BALANCE O
OF O
THE O
BONDS O
IN O
THE O
ACCOUNT O
. O

9,215,000.00 O

OCASEK O
GOVERNMENT O
OFFICE O
BUILDING O

( O
C O
) O

MOODY B-ORG
'S I-ORG
: O
A1 O
S&P B-ORG
: O
AA- O
FITCH O
: O
AA- O

CONFIRMED O
CONFIRMED O

Delivery O
Date O
: O
08/29/1996 O

Maturity O
Balance O
Coupon O
List O

10/01 O
/ O
1998C O
125M O
4.50 O
4.20 O

6,045,000.00 O

VERN O
RIFFE O
CENTER O

( O
D O
) O

MOODY B-ORG
'S I-ORG
: O
A1 O
S&P B-ORG
: O
AA- O
FITCH O
: O
AA- O

CONFIRMED O
CONFIRMED O

Delivery O
Date O
: O
08/29/1996 O

Maturity O
Balance O
Coupon O
List O

10/01 O
/ O
1998D O
165M O
4.50 O
4.20 O

Grand O
Total O
: O
290M O

Goldman B-ORG
, I-ORG
Sachs I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O

A.G. B-ORG
Edwards I-ORG
& I-ORG
Sons I-ORG
, I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

Banc B-ORG
One I-ORG
Capital I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG

S.B.K- B-ORG
Brooks I-ORG
Investment I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

Seasongood B-ORG
& I-ORG
Mayer I-ORG

-- O
U.S. B-ORG
Municipal I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1650 O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Washington B-ORG
Post I-ORG
business O
- O
Aug O
26 O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The B-ORG
Washington I-ORG
Post I-ORG
carried O
only O
local O
business O
stories O
on O
August O
26 O
, O
1996 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Chelsea B-PER
makes O
political O
debut O
on O
Clinton B-PER
train O
trip O
. O

CHILLICOTHE B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
1996-08-25 O

- O
Chelsea B-PER
Clinton I-PER
, O
until O
now O
carefully O
shielded O
from O
the O
exposure O
of O
public O
life O
, O
made O
her O
political O
debut O
on O
Sunday O
on O
her O
father O
's O
whistlestop O
train O
trip O
. O

Chelsea B-PER
, O
16 O
, O
was O
at O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
's O
side O
as O
he O
rode O
the O
rails O
through O
parts O
of O
West B-LOC
Virginia I-LOC
, O
Kentucky B-LOC
and O
Ohio B-LOC
, O
and O
was O
introduced O
at O
every O
stop O
. O

She O
even O
worked O
ropelines O
, O
shaking O
hands O
with O
excited O
fans O
. O

Hillary B-PER
Rodham I-PER
Clinton I-PER
saw O
her O
husband O
and O
daughter O
off O
on O
the O
trip O
in O
Huntington B-LOC
, O
West B-LOC
Virginia I-LOC
and O
then O
went O
on O
to O
Chicago B-LOC
to O
begin O
a O
rigorous O
Democratic B-MISC
Convention I-MISC
schedule O
. O

Asked O
if O
Chelsea B-PER
would O
have O
a O
prominent O
role O
in O
the O
campaign O
, O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
spokesman O
Mike B-PER
McCurry I-PER
said O
: O
" O
She O
'll O
do O
what O
she O
did O
today O
when O
she O
can O
. O

She O
has O
to O
go O
back O
to O
school O
. O
" O

The O
president O
's O
daughter O
is O
going O
into O
her O
senior O
year O
of O
high O
school O
at O
Sidwell B-ORG
Friends I-ORG
School I-ORG
, O
a O
private O
school O
in O
Washington B-LOC
. O

McCurry B-PER
said O
Chelsea B-PER
has O
asked O
to O
go O
on O
the O
train O
trip O
and O
attend O
the O
convention O
where O
her O
father O
will O
be O
renominated O
, O
but O
said O
her O
exposure O
did O
not O
signal O
the O
start O
of O
a O
new O
political O
career O
. O

Chelsea B-PER
" O
is O
a O
very O
poised O
young O
lady O
, O
but O
she O
's O
not O
that O
much O
interested O
in O
politics O
, O
" O
the O
spokesman O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dutch B-MISC
closing O
share O
market O
report O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Dutch B-MISC
shares O
drifted O
to O
a O
lower O
close O
on O
Monday O
, O
dragged O
down O
by O
weakness O
in O
the O
domestic O
bond O
market O
and O
turnover O
depressed O
by O
the O
UK B-LOC
bank O
holiday O
and O
lack O
of O
any O
significant O
U.S. B-LOC
economic O
data O
. O

The O
AEX B-MISC
index O
of O
leading O
shares O
closed O
4.54 O
points O
easier O
at O
556.19 O
, O
the O
day O
's O
low O
. O

The O
Dutch B-MISC
market O
had O
been O
on O
the O
defensive O
all O
day O
but O
a O
softer O
start O
to O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
did O
little O
to O
boost O
sentiment O
in O
late O
trade O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

" O
It O
was O
always O
going O
to O
be O
a O
tough O
day O
with O
participation O
so O
low O
. O

But O
the O
only O
thing O
really O
worrying O
the O
market O
was O
the O
bonds O
, O
and O
that O
dragged O
us O
lower O
, O
" O
one O
dealer O
said O
. O

Stocks O
were O
down O
across O
the O
board O
, O
with O
Dutch B-ORG
PTT I-ORG
topping O
the O
volume O
list O
and O
closing O
down O
1.90 O
guilders O
at O
58.70 O
. O

The O
post O
and O
telecoms O
firm O
posted O
an O
8.5 O
percent O
rise O
in O
first O
half O
earnings O
on O
Friday O
, O
just O
below O
analysts O
' O
expectations O
. O

IHC B-ORG
Caland I-ORG
reported O
first O
half O
results O
well O
under O
forecasts O
on O
Monday O
and O
the O
shares O
suffered O
as O
a O
result O
. O

They O
were O
trading O
unchanged O
just O
before O
the O
release O
of O
figures O
but O
closed O
2.40 O
guilders O
down O
at O
80.70 O
after O
it O
reported O
net O
profits O
of O
34.9 O
million O
guilders O
against O
36.6 O
million O
last O
year O
and O
estimates O
ranging O
from O
37.5 O
to O
47.2 O
million O
. O

IHC B-ORG
also O
forecast O
post O
tax O
earnings O
rising O
21 O
percent O
for O
the O
full O
year O
. O

Banking O
group O
ING B-ORG
traded O
ex-dividend O
today O
and O
finished O
0.60 O
guilders O
weaker O
at O
52.90 O
as O
a O
result O
. O

But O
Nutricia B-ORG
shrugged O
off O
its O
ex-div O
tag O
to O
soar O
a O
further O
4.10 O
guilders O
to O
214.40 O
continuing O
its O
explosive O
rally O
sparked O
by O
the O
51 O
percent O
jump O
in O
first O
half O
net O
profits O
last O
week O
, O
which O
set O
the O
market O
alight O
on O
Friday O
, O
sending O
the O
shares O
up O
18.40 O
at O
210.00 O
by O
the O
close O
. O

Engineering O
concern O
Stork B-ORG
started O
the O
day O
well O
as O
the O
shares O
attracted O
some O
follow-through O
interest O
to O
the O
announcement O
late O
on O
Friday O
that O
its O
Fokker B-ORG
Aviation I-ORG
unit O
had O
won O
a O
major O
order O
. O

But O
the O
rally O
was O
short-lived O
and O
Stork B-ORG
ended O
just O
0.20 O
up O
at O
51.00 O
guilders O
. O

-- O
Amsterdam B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O

-DOCSTART- O

Tapie B-PER
to O
quit O
French B-MISC
assembly O
seat O
as O
film O
opens O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Former O
businessman O
and O
soccer O
boss O
Bernard B-PER
Tapie I-PER
said O
that O
he O
would O
give O
up O
his O
seat O
in O
the O
National B-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
by O
Wednesday O
, O
the O
day O
a O
film O
by O
Claude B-PER
Lelouche I-PER
in O
which O
he O
stars O
opens O
in O
France B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
will O
no O
longer O
be O
deputy O
by O
the O
time O
the O
film O
opens O
, O
" O
he O
said O
in O
a O
broadcast O
interview O
. O

" O
Just O
about O
, O
" O
he O
told O
Europe B-ORG
1 I-ORG
radio O
when O
asked O
whether O
he O
had O
sent O
his O
letter O
of O
resignation O
to O
Assembly B-ORG
speaker O
Philippe B-PER
Seguin I-PER
. O

A O
Seguin B-PER
spokeswoman O
confirmed O
that O
no O
letter O
or O
call O
had O
yet O
been O
received O
. O

Tapie B-PER
, O
53 O
, O
was O
resigning O
just O
ahead O
of O
expected O
government O
action O
to O
eject O
him O
from O
the O
Assembly B-ORG
following O
a O
finding O
by O
the O
Supreme B-ORG
Court I-ORG
that O
he O
was O
bankrupt O
and O
thus O
ineligible O
for O
public O
office O
for O
a O
five-year O
period O
. O

Tapie B-PER
, O
the O
target O
of O
a O
blizzard O
of O
legal O
actions O
over O
his O
now-destroyed O
business O
empire O
and O
the O
Marseille B-ORG
soccer O
team O
he O
once O
ran O
, O
has O
a O
starring O
role O
in O
Lelouche B-PER
's O
" O
Homme O
, O
femmes O
: O
mode O
d'emploi O
" O
( O
Men O
, O
women O
: O
instructions O
for O
use O
) O
. O

He O
plays O
a O
power-hungry O
lawyer O
in O
the O
movie O
described O
as O
" O
a O
tender O
and O
cruel O
comedy O
" O
by O
Lelouche B-PER
, O
who O
is O
making O
his O
35th O
film O
. O

" O
I O
have O
paid O
too O
dearly O
for O
mixing O
two O
careers O
, O
" O
Tapie B-PER
said O
. O
" O

In O
France B-LOC
, O
you O
cannot O
be O
a O
film O
artist O
and O
a O
national O
politician O
at O
the O
same O
time O
. O

That O
is O
why O
I O
will O
no O
longer O
be O
deputy O
by O
the O
time O
the O
film O
opens O
. O
" O

Justice O
Minister O
Jacques B-PER
Toubon I-PER
began O
last O
month O
the O
formal O
process O
of O
ejecting O
Tapie B-PER
from O
the O
French B-MISC
parliament O
as O
well O
as O
stripping O
him O
of O
his O
seat O
in O
the O
European B-MISC
parliament O
. O

The O
French B-MISC
procedure O
was O
expected O
to O
be O
completed O
before O
October O
2 O
, O
when O
the O
National B-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
is O
to O
reconvene O
after O
a O
summer O
break O
, O
but O
the O
European B-MISC
procedure O
was O
expected O
to O
take O
longer O
. O

Tapie B-PER
's O
lawyer O
has O
said O
he O
intends O
to O
appeal O
to O
the O
European B-ORG
Court I-ORG
of I-ORG
Human I-ORG
Rights I-ORG
in O
an O
effort O
to O
prevent O
or O
delay O
the O
loss O
of O
his O
European B-MISC
seat O
. O

But O
such O
an O
appeal O
, O
even O
if O
the O
court O
were O
to O
accept O
the O
case O
, O
which O
it O
is O
not O
obliged O
to O
do O
, O
would O
not O
suspend O
enforcement O
of O
the O
French B-MISC
judgement O
against O
him O
. O

Tapie B-PER
faces O
a O
probable O
spell O
in O
prison O
after O
he O
loses O
his O
parliamentary O
immunity O
, O
since O
two O
appeal O
courts O
have O
confirmed O
jail O
sentences O
of O
eight O
and O
six O
months O
against O
him O
for O
tax O
fraud O
and O
rigging O
a O
soccer O
match O
. O

He O
is O
appealing O
in O
both O
cases O
to O
the O
Supreme B-ORG
Court I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
France I-ORG
drains O
3.9 O
bln O
Ffr B-MISC
at O
tender O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

The O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
France I-ORG
drained O
3.9 O
billion O
francs O
at O
a O
securities O
repurchase O
tender O
held O
on O
Monday O
to O
allocate O
funds O
for O
injection O
into O
the O
money O
market O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

It O
accepted O
bids O
for O
44.3 O
billion O
francs O
in O
new O
liquidity O
, O
3.9 O
billion O
less O
than O
the O
48.2 O
billion O
leaving O
the O
market O
on O
Tuesday O
when O
a O
previous O
pact O
expires O
. O

The O
new O
pact O
expires O
on O
September O
3 O
. O

The O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
France I-ORG
said O
it O
allocated O
13.4 O
billion O
francs O
to O
bidders O
offering O
Treasury B-ORG
bills O
as O
collateral O
, O
satisfying O
3.4 O
percent O
of O
such O
demand O
. O

It O
allotted O
a O
further O
30.9 O
billion O
to O
bidders O
putting O
up O
private O
paper O
, O
satisfying O
12.5 O
percent O
of O
this O
demand O
. O

-- O
Paris B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+33 O
1 O
4221 O
5452 O

-DOCSTART- O

RABOBANK B-ORG
[ O
RABN.CN O
] O
SEES O
H2 O
NET O
GROWTH O
UNDER O
10 O
PCT O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Dutch B-MISC
co-operative O
bank O
Rabobank B-ORG
Nederland I-ORG
BA I-ORG
's O
net O
profit O
growth O
might O
slow O
to O
less O
than O
than O
10 O
year O
percent O
in O
the O
second O
half O
of O
1996 O
, O
executive O
board O
chairman O
Herman B-PER
Wijffels I-PER
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

The O
unlisted O
bank O
earlier O
announced O
a O
1996 O
interim O
net O
profit O
of O
853 O
million O
guilders O
, O
up O
21.5 O
percent O
on O
the O
702 O
million O
guilders O
reported O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
1995 O
. O

He O
said O
second-half O
profit O
growth O
would O
depend O
on O
customer O
demand O
for O
loans O
, O
which O
was O
already O
easing O
, O
and O
the O
performance O
of O
financial O
markets O
, O
which O
were O
strong O
in O
the O
first O
half O
and O
boosted O
securities O
, O
trading O
and O
underwriting O
income O
. O

" O
We O
expect O
reasonable O
growth O
in O
the O
second O
half O
. O

Maybe O
it O
will O
be O
in O
single-digits O
, O
" O
Wijffels B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

He O
said O
growth O
in O
customer O
demand O
in O
the O
first O
half O
was O
50 O
percent O
above O
normal O
but O
it O
was O
hard O
to O
maintain O
this O
pace O
. O

Rabobank B-ORG
's O
net O
profit O
was O
1.43 O
billion O
guilders O
in O
1995 O
. O

The O
bank O
earlier O
warned O
that O
profit O
growth O
would O
slow O
in O
the O
second O
half O
, O
citing O
the O
increasing O
momentum O
in O
profit O
growth O
in O
the O
comparative O
period O
of O
1995 O
and O
increased O
investment O
. O

But O
Wijffels B-PER
was O
unable O
to O
quantify O
second O
half O
investment O
to O
improve O
and O
extend O
domestic O
and O
offshore O
services O
. O

-- O
Garry B-PER
West I-PER
, O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
FRANCE B-LOC
- O
LE B-ORG
MONDE I-ORG
AUG O
26 O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

These O
are O
leading O
stories O
in O
Monday O
's O
afternoon O
daily O
Le B-ORG
Monde I-ORG
, O
dated O
Aug O
27 O
. O

FRONT O
PAGE O

-- O
Ipsos B-ORG
poll O
reports O
majority O
of O
French B-MISC
public O
opinion O
sympathises O
with O
plight O
of O
Africans B-MISC
seeking O
to O
renew O
or O
obtain O
work O
and O
residence O
permits O
, O
calling O
government O
" O
stubborn O
, O
" O
" O
confused O
" O
and O
" O
cold-hearted O
. O
" O

BUSINESS O
PAGES O

-- O
SNCF B-ORG
railway O
trade O
unions O
want O
renegotiation O
of O
government O
bailout O
package O
, O
as O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
prepares O
more O
proposals O
to O
increase O
competition O
. O

-- O
World O
steel O
market O
shows O
signs O
of O
upturn O
. O

-- O
Paris B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+33 O
1 O
42 O
21 O
53 O
81 O

-DOCSTART- O

ATRIA B-ORG
SEES O
H2 O
RESULT O
UP O
ON O
H1 O
. O

HELSINKI B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Finnish B-MISC
foodstuffs O
group O
Atria B-ORG
Oy I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
on O
Monday O
it O
expects O
its O
result O
to O
improve O
in O
the O
second O
half O
of O
1996 O
compared O
to O
the O
first O
half O
. O

" O
The O
result O
of O
the O
second O
year-half O
is O
expected O
to O
improve O
on O
the O
early O
part O
of O
the O
year O
, O
" O
Atria B-ORG
said O
. O

Atria B-ORG
said O
earlier O
its O
January-June O
profit O
before O
extraordinary O
items O
, O
appropriations O
and O
taxes O
fell O
to O
15 O
million O
markka O
from O
39 O
in O
the O
first-half O
of O
1995 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BRIGHT-BELGIANS B-MISC
SPEED O
AFTER O
SCHUMACHER B-PER
'S O
WIN O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC

Michael B-PER
Schumacher I-PER
's O
victory O
in O
the O
Belgian B-MISC
Formula B-MISC
One I-MISC
Grand I-MISC
Prix I-MISC
at O
Spa-Francorchamps B-LOC
sparked O
a O
speeding O
epidemic O
on O
Belgian B-MISC
roads O
after O
the O
race O
was O
over O
. O

Belga B-ORG
news O
agency O
reported O
that O
police O
checked O
more O
than O
3,000 O
drivers O
amd O
booked O
222 O
for O
speeding O
on O
their O
way O
home O
after O
the O
race O
. O

Some O
were O
clocked O
doing O
180 O
kilometres O
an O
hour O
( O
112 O
miles O
per O
hour O
) O
, O
Belga B-ORG
said O
. O

Schumacher B-PER
won O
the O
race O
in O
1 O
hour O
28 O
minutes O
15.125 O
seconds O
at O
an O
average O
speed O
of O
208.442 O
km O
/ O
hour O
( O
130 O
m.p.h. O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Thai B-MISC
PM O
proposes O
Sept O
18 O
for O
no-confidence O
debate O
. O

BANGKOK B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Thai B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Banharn B-PER
Silpa-archa I-PER
on O
Monday O
proposed O
September O
18 O
as O
the O
date O
for O
parliamentary O
debate O
on O
an O
opposition O
no-confidence O
motion O
accusing O
him O
of O
incompetence O
. O

The O
president O
of O
parliament O
had O
earlier O
said O
September O
11 O
could O
be O
set O
for O
the O
debate O
. O

The O
opposition O
motion O
against O
Banharn B-PER
accuses O
him O
of O
being O
incompetent O
, O
lacking O
ethical O
leadership O
and O
alleges O
his O
administration O
is O
corrupt O
. O

His O
critics O
allege O
he O
may O
be O
attempting O
to O
delay O
the O
debate O
. O

Banharn B-PER
has O
denied O
the O
accusations O
and O
said O
he O
is O
ready O
to O
clear O
himself O
in O
parliament O
. O

" O
In O
my O
opinion O
September O
18 O
would O
be O
a O
convenient O
date O
for O
the O
government O
to O
answer O
questions O
. O

This O
has O
nothing O
to O
do O
with O
the O
accusation O
that O
I O
am O
trying O
to O
escape O
the O
debate O
, O
" O
Banharn B-PER
told O
reporters O
after O
meeting O
coalition O
partners O
. O

Banharn B-PER
's O
13-month-old O
, O
six-party O
coalition O
government O
controls O
209 O
seats O
in O
the O
391-seat O
lower O
house O
of O
parliament O
. O

Political O
infighting O
within O
Banharn B-PER
's O
Chart B-ORG
Thai I-ORG
party O
has O
raised O
doubts O
whether O
he O
can O
hold O
his O
supporters O
together O
and O
defeat O
the O
opposition O
motion O
, O
political O
analysts O
said O
. O

" O
We O
are O
still O
waiting O
to O
fix O
a O
date O
. O

September O
18 O
is O
regarded O
as O
tentative O
because O
we O
still O
have O
not O
received O
the O
order O
to O
fix O
it O
on O
the O
agenda O
, O
" O
said O
an O
official O
at O
parliament O
's O
agenda O
section O
. O

The O
last O
no-confidence O
debate O
against O
Banharn B-PER
's O
coalition O
in O
May O
was O
won O
by O
the O
government O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Fontaine B-ORG
- O
6mth O
parent O
forecast O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Six O
months O
to O
August O
31 O
, O
1996 O

( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

LATEST O
PREVIOUS O
ACTUAL O

( O
Parent O
) O
FORECAST O
FORECAST O
YEAR-AGO O

Sales O
3.30 O
3.17 O
2.75 O

Current O
400 O
million O
260 O
million O
231 O
million O

Net O
170 O
million O
170 O
million O
142 O
million O

NOTE O
- O
Fontaine B-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
sells O
women O
" O
s O
fashion O
wigs O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Manila B-LOC
international O
coconut O
oil O
prices O
. O

MANILA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

International B-ORG
Philippine I-ORG
coconut O
oil O
prices O
as O
reported O
by O
the O
United B-ORG
Coconut I-ORG
Associations I-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
Philippines I-ORG
( O
dollars O
per O
tonne O
cif O
Europe B-LOC
) O
. O

Buyers O
Sellers O
Last O
Prev O

JulAug O
775 O
787.50 O
unq O
unq O

AugSep O
752.50 O
758.75 O
unq O
unq O

SepOct O
733.75 O
743.50 O
unq O
unq O

OctNov O
unq O
740 O
unq O
unq O

NovDec O
unq O
732.50 O
unq O
unq O

-DOCSTART- O

RESEARCH O
ALERT O
- O
Aronkasei B-ORG
cut O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Nomura B-ORG
Research I-ORG
Institute I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
downgraded O
Aronkasei B-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
to O
a O
" O
2 O
" O
rating O
from O
its O
previous O
" O
1 O
" O
, O
market O
sources O
said O
on O
Monday O
. O

In O
its O
three-grade O
rating O
system O
, O
the O
research O
institute O
assigns O
a O
" O
2 O
" O
rating O
to O
issues O
whose O
values O
it O
sees O
moving O
within O
10 O
percentage O
points O
in O
either O
direction O
of O
the O
key O
225-share O
Nikkei B-MISC
average O
over O
the O
next O
six O
months O
. O

Nomura B-ORG
officials O
were O
not O
immediately O
available O
for O
comment O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Tunisia B-LOC
- O
Aug O
26 O
. O

TUNIS B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

These O
are O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Tunisian B-MISC
press O
on O
Monday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

LA B-ORG
PRESSE I-ORG

- O
English B-MISC
langage O
to O
be O
taught O
as O
of O
the O
eighth O
year O
of O
the O
primary O
school O
instead O
of O
the O
third O
year O
of O
the O
secondary O
school O
. O

LE B-ORG
TEMPS I-ORG

- O
International B-MISC
Fair I-MISC
opens O
in O
the O
northern O
city O
of O
Beja B-LOC
with O
the O
participation O
of O
16 O
foreign O
countries O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.N. B-ORG
official O
Ekeus B-PER
heads O
for O
Baghdad B-LOC
. O

MANAMA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Senior O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
arms O
official O
Rolf B-PER
Ekeus I-PER
left O
Bahrain B-LOC
for O
Baghdad B-LOC
on O
Monday O
for O
talks O
with O
Iraqi B-MISC
officials O
, O
a O
U.N. B-ORG
spokesman O
said O
. O

The O
spokesman O
said O
Ekeus B-PER
, O
chairman O
of O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
Special I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
( O
UNSCOM B-ORG
) O
, O
would O
spend O
two O
or O
three O
days O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
but O
declined O
to O
give O
further O
details O
. O

U.N. B-ORG
oficials O
have O
said O
Ekeus B-PER
would O
hold O
talks O
with O
Iraqi B-MISC
Deputy O
Prime O
Minister O
Tareq B-PER
Aziz I-PER
and O
other O
officials O
as O
part O
of O
an O
agreement O
Iraq B-LOC
reached O
with O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
in O
June O
to O
hold O
higher O
level O
political O
talks O
with O
Ekeus B-PER
. O

The O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
on O
Friday O
asked O
Iraq B-LOC
to O
stop O
blocking O
arms O
inspectors O
search O
for O
concealed O
weapons O
or O
materials O
they O
believe O
were O
being O
shuttled O
around O
to O
avoid O
detection O
. O

Disarming O
Iraq B-LOC
of O
weapons O
of O
mass O
destruction O
under O
1991 O
Gulf B-MISC
War I-MISC
ceasefire O
terms O
is O
a O
prerequisite O
before O
the O
lifting O
of O
crippling O
sanctions O
imposed O
on O
Iraq B-LOC
in O
1990 O
for O
invading O
Kuwait B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Lebanon B-LOC
- O
Aug O
26 O
. O

BEIRUT B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

These O
are O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Beirut B-LOC
press O
on O
Monday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

AN-NAHAR B-ORG

- O
The O
north O
Lebanon B-LOC
elections O
... O

Almost O
no O
chance O
at O
all O
for O
any O
complete O
ticket O
to O
win O
altogether O
and O
the O
results O
will O
weaken O
some O
leaders O
. O

- O
The O
surprise O
... O

Opposition O
Boutros B-PER
Harb I-PER
scoring O
high O
in O
preliminary O
results O
and O
former O
prime O
minister O
Omar B-PER
Karame I-PER
moves O
backwards O
. O

- O
Fears O
of O
an O
Israeli B-MISC
operation O
causes O
the O
redistribution O
of O
Syrian B-MISC
troops O
locations O
in O
Lebanon B-LOC
. O

AS-SAFIR B-ORG

- O
Parliament O
Speaker O
Berri B-PER
: O
The O
occupied O
south O
should O
not O
be O
used O
as O
a O
winning O
card O
in O
elections O
. O

- O
Prices O
of O
alimentary O
goods O
up O
13.4 O
percent O
in O
1996 O
. O

AL-ANWAR B-ORG

- O
Christian B-MISC
Maronite I-MISC
Patriarch O
Sfeir B-PER
: O
We O
fear O
a O
movement O
from O
democracy O
to O
dictatorship O
. O

AD-DIYAR B-ORG

- O
A O
cabinet O
minister O
: O
" O
Lebanon B-ORG
First I-ORG
" O
aims O
at O
splitting O
the O
Syrian-Lebanese B-MISC
peace O
tracks O
with O
Israel B-LOC
. O

NIDA'A B-ORG
AL-WATAN I-ORG

- O
Prime O
Minister O
Hariri B-PER
: O
Elections O
are O
the O
beginning O
of O
a O
long O
political O
life O
which O
we O
begin O
with O
an O
incomplete O
ticket O
of O
17 O
candidates O
. O

- O
The O
Lebanese B-ORG
Association I-ORG
for I-ORG
the I-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
of I-ORG
Elections I-ORG
cited O
51 O
incidents O
of O
violation O
in O
the O
north O
Lebanon B-LOC
round O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Malta B-LOC
- O
Aug O
26 O
. O

VALLETTA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

These O
are O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Maltese B-MISC
press O
on O
Monday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

THE B-ORG
TIMES I-ORG

- O
Visitors O
slam O
bus O
and O
taxi O
drivers O
for O
cheating O
. O

Tourists O
interviewed O
in O
Malta B-LOC
complain O
about O
over-charging O
. O

IN-NAZZJON B-LOC

- O
Government O
considering O
measures O
for O
better O
road O
discipline O
. O

Malta B-LOC
, O
with O
a O
population O
of O
365,000 O
, O
has O
195,000 O
registered O
vehicles O
, O
with O
80,000 O
new O
cars O
having O
been O
introduced O
on O
the O
congested O
roads O
in O
10 O
years O
. O

- O
Five O
people O
arrested O
in O
Romania B-LOC
after O
drugs O
container O
found O
in O
Malta B-LOC
. O

The O
container O
, O
with O
7.5 O
tonnes O
of O
cannabis O
, O
was O
found O
in O
Malta B-LOC
Freeport I-LOC
in O
transit O
from O
Singapore B-LOC
to O
Romania B-LOC
. O

L-ORIZZONT B-LOC

- O
Opposition O
leader O
Alfred B-PER
Sant I-PER
on O
steep O
rise O
in O
taxes O
over O
10 O
years O
. O

He O
reiterates O
promise O
that O
a O
future O
Labour B-ORG
government O
will O
remove O
VAT O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Tamils B-MISC
demonstrate O
outside O
U.N. B-ORG
headquarters O
. O

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Thousands O
of O
Tamils B-MISC
demonstrated O
outside O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
' O
European B-MISC
headquarters O
in O
Geneva B-LOC
on O
Monday O
to O
appeal O
for O
U.N. B-ORG
recognition O
of O
their O
fight O
for O
independence O
from O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
. O

The O
demonstrators O
, O
said O
by O
police O
to O
number O
6,000 O
, O
also O
urged O
the O
release O
of O
Nadarajah B-PER
Muralidaran I-PER
, O
Swiss-based B-MISC
leader O
of O
the O
the O
Tamil B-ORG
Tiger I-ORG
guerrillas O
, O
who O
has O
been O
held O
in O
a O
Zurich B-LOC
jail O
since O
April O
on O
charges O
of O
extortion O
. O

The O
demonstrators O
delivered O
an O
appeal O
to O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
human O
rights O
centre O
demanding O
an O
immediate O
end O
to O
" O
state O
terrorism O
" O
against O
Tamils B-MISC
and O
the O
Liberation B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
of I-ORG
Tamil I-ORG
Eelam I-ORG
( O
LTTE B-ORG
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FOCUS O
- O
Eurobourses B-ORG
end O
mixed O
but O
London B-LOC
recovers O
. O

Leonard B-PER
Santorelli I-PER

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

European B-MISC
bourses O
closed O
mixed O
on O
Tuesday O
with O
London B-LOC
clawing O
back O
most O
of O
the O
day O
's O
losses O
despite O
an O
unsteady O
start O
on O
wall B-ORG
Street I-ORG
, O
hit O
by O
inflation O
worries O
. O

The O
dollar O
weakened O
during O
the O
day O
with O
many O
dealers O
sidelined O
because O
of O
uncertainty O
over O
Tokyo B-LOC
's O
monetary O
direction O
ahead O
of O
the O
important O
Japanese B-MISC
Tankan B-ORG
economic O
survey O
out O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

But O
it O
recovered O
at O
the O
close O
of O
trade O
. O

Stocks O
in O
London B-LOC
started O
the O
week O
badly O
after O
a O
three-day O
weekend O
, O
slipping O
0.3 O
percent O
, O
but O
bargain-hunters O
later O
moved O
in O
and O
the O
FTSE B-MISC
index O
recovered O
most O
of O
the O
lost O
ground O
to O
end O
only O
just O
in O
negative O
ground O
. O

Tuesday O
's O
patchy O
showing O
in O
London B-LOC
followed O
a O
string O
of O
records O
last O
week O
, O
culminating O
in O
Friday O
's O
trading O
high O
of O
3,911 O
, O
fuelled O
by O
a O
wave O
of O
European B-MISC
interest O
rate O
cuts O
. O

The O
London B-LOC
bourse O
drew O
little O
help O
from O
the O
unsettled O
morning O
on O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
, O
which O
slipped O
in O
and O
out O
of O
positive O
ground O
after O
a O
stronger-than-expected O
August O
consumer O
confidence O
report O
refuelled O
inflation O
fears O
, O
pulling O
U.S. B-ORG
Treasuries I-ORG
back O
from O
their O
early O
peaks O
. O

Shortly O
after O
the O
report O
appeared O
showing O
the O
confidence O
index O
rising O
to O
109.4 O
in O
August O
from O
a O
revised O
107.0 O
in O
July O
, O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
relinquished O
virtually O
all O
its O
morning O
gains O
. O

" O
Treasuries B-ORG
remain O
very O
sensitive O
to O
any O
indication O
of O
a O
strong O
economy O
and O
we O
're O
still O
in O
that O
summer O
doldrum O
period O
of O
light O
trading O
, O
" O
said O
Alan B-PER
Ackerman I-PER
, O
market O
strategist O
at O
Fahnestock B-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O
" O

Consequently O
, O
stocks O
and O
bonds O
are O
both O
subject O
to O
rapid O
swings O
. O
" O

Frankfurt B-LOC
was O
the O
one O
bright O
spot O
in O
Europe B-LOC
. O

Floor O
trading O
ended O
up O
0.25 O
percent O
and O
the O
computerised O
IBIS B-MISC
index O
climbed O
nearly O
0.4 O
percent O
, O
given O
a O
push O
by O
the O
performance O
of O
chemical O
shares O
. O
" O

The O
market O
is O
trading O
100 O
percent O
on O
fundamentals O
at O
the O
moment O
as O
interest O
rate O
fantasy O
disappears O
-- O
it O
's O
all O
company O
news O
, O
" O
said O
one O
trader O
. O

French B-MISC
shares O
ended O
slightly O
down O
amid O
growing O
unease O
about O
a O
difficult O
autumn O
for O
the O
government O
which O
also O
weighed O
on O
the O
franc O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

Bond O
prices O
were O
weaker O
and O
the O
franc O
was O
quoted O
at O
3.4210 O
per O
mark O
for O
the O
first O
time O
since O
August O
13 O
as O
worries O
about O
the O
government O
's O
autumn O
budget O
and O
a O
weak O
U.S. B-LOC
currency O
lifted O
the O
mark O
and O
squeezed O
French B-MISC
investments O
. O

The O
dollar O
, O
which O
dropped O
sharply O
on O
Monday O
because O
of O
jitters O
over O
the O
Japanese B-MISC
Tankan B-ORG
survey O
, O
weakened O
further O
in O
quiet O
trading O
but O
regained O
losses O
to O
end O
the O
day O
close O
to O
Monday O
's O
levels O
. O

" O
Besides O
the O
Tankan B-ORG
, O
there O
's O
nothing O
really O
until O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
jobs O
numbers O
next O
week O
, O
" O
said O
a O
UK B-LOC
bank O
corporate O
dealer O
. O
" O

There O
is O
still O
the O
summer O
malaise O
hanging O
over O
the O
market O
. O
" O

Foreign O
exchange O
markets O
regard O
the O
Tankan B-ORG
report O
as O
an O
important O
indication O
of O
the O
country O
's O
future O
monetary O
policy O
direction O
. O

If O
it O
points O
to O
weakness O
in O
the O
economy O
, O
the O
report O
will O
help O
the O
dollar O
regain O
some O
lost O
ground O
as O
speculation O
of O
a O
near-term O
rise O
in O
Japanese B-MISC
interest O
rates O
will O
evaporate O
. O

The O
Japanese B-MISC
discount O
rate O
is O
currently O
at O
a O
record O
low O
of O
0.5 O
percent O
. O

The O
dollar O
was O
also O
pressured O
by O
the O
mark O
's O
strength O
against O
European B-MISC
currencies O
amid O
renewed O
concerns O
over O
Europe B-LOC
's O
economic O
and O
monetary O
union O
( O
EMU B-MISC
) O
timetable O
. O

CURRENCIES O

The O
dollar O
was O
at O
1.4788 O
marks O
and O
107.74 O
yen O
at O
the O
close O
of O
European B-MISC
trading O
compared O
with O
1.4789 O
marks O
and O
107.55 O
yen O
on O
Monday O
. O

STOCK O
MARKETS O

The O
Financial B-MISC
Times-Stock I-MISC
Exchange I-MISC
index O
of O
100 O
leading O
British B-MISC
shares O
ended O
1.8 O
points O
lower O
at O
3,905.7 O
. O

In O
Paris B-LOC
, O
the O
CAC-40 B-MISC
share O
index O
finished O
down O
2.43 O
at O
2,017.99 O
. O

The O
30-share O
DAX B-MISC
index O
in O
Frankfurt B-LOC
closed O
up O
6.48 O
at O
2,558.84 O
. O

PRECIOUS O
METALS O

Gold O
closed O
at O
$ O
388.55 O
an O
ounce O
, O
compared O
with O
Monday O
's O
close O
of O
$ O
388.75 O
on O
international O
markets O
. O

Silver O
ended O
up O
one O
cent O
$ O
5.24 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

More O
hostages O
freed O
from O
hijacked O
Sudanese B-MISC
plane O
. O

STANSTED B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Armed O
hijackers O
believed O
to O
be O
Iraqis B-MISC
released O
between O
60 O
and O
70 O
people O
on O
Tuesday O
from O
a O
Sudan B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
plane O
carrying O
199 O
passengers O
and O
crew O
that O
landed O
in O
London B-LOC
after O
being O
diverted O
on O
a O
flight O
from O
Khartoum B-LOC
to O
Amman B-LOC
, O
authorities O
said O
. O

A O
spokesman O
for O
Stansted B-LOC
airport O
said O
that O
the O
unidentified O
hijackers O
were O
demanding O
to O
see O
a O
British-based B-MISC
member O
of O
the O
Iraqi B-ORG
Community I-ORG
Association I-ORG
, O
called O
Mr O
Sadiki B-PER
, O
and O
that O
police O
were O
trying O
to O
trace O
him O
. O

Police O
spokeswoman O
Kim B-PER
White I-PER
said O
police O
had O
already O
contacted O
Sadiki B-PER
and O
were O
trying O
to O
arrange O
to O
bring O
him O
to O
Stansted B-LOC
, O
30 O
miles O
( O
48 O
km O
) O
north-east O
of O
London B-LOC
, O
to O
talk O
to O
the O
hijackers O
. O

The O
airport O
spokesman O
said O
the O
six O
hijackers O
, O
who O
police O
said O
were O
armed O
with O
grenades O
and O
possibly O
other O
explosives O
, O
were O
believed O
to O
be O
Iraqi B-MISC
nationals O
. O

The O
hijackers O
started O
to O
release O
people O
for O
the O
Airbus B-MISC
plane O
in O
batches O
of O
10 O
, O
starting O
with O
women O
and O
children O
, O
in O
what O
police O
described O
as O
a O
" O
controlled O
release O
" O
. O

Police O
said O
most O
of O
the O
passengers O
were O
Sudanese B-MISC
but O
that O
there O
were O
also O
an O
unknown O
number O
of O
Iraqis B-MISC
, O
Jordanians B-MISC
, O
Palestinians B-MISC
, O
Syrians B-MISC
and O
Saudis B-MISC
. O

Later O
they O
said O
the O
number O
of O
passengers O
released O
from O
the O
plane O
had O
reached O
80 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FEATURE O
- O
" O
Eco O
terrorists O
" O
target O
UK B-LOC
builders O
. O

Edna B-PER
Fernandes I-PER

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Ecological O
warfare O
has O
broken O
out O
across O
the O
British B-MISC
construction O
industry O
, O
striking O
some O
of O
the O
biggest O
corporates O
as O
activists O
give O
up O
peaceful O
protests O
and O
seek O
to O
hit O
builders O
where O
it O
hurts O
-- O
their O
profit O
margins O
. O

Described O
by O
one O
British B-MISC
company O
as O
" O
eco-terrorism O
" O
, O
it O
is O
seen O
as O
the O
new O
business O
risk O
of O
the O
1990s O
. O

Famous O
names O
like O
Tarmac B-ORG
Plc I-ORG
, O
Costain B-ORG
Group I-ORG
Plc I-ORG
and O
ARC B-ORG
, O
a O
unit O
of O
conglomerate O
Hanson B-ORG
Plc I-ORG
, O
have O
all O
been O
targeted O
. O

Activist O
groups O
are O
no O
longer O
seen O
by O
British B-MISC
firms O
as O
a O
harmless O
, O
badly O
organised O
ragbag O
of O
students O
and O
hippies O
. O

" O
You O
only O
have O
to O
see O
them O
in O
action O
at O
protests O
, O
" O
said O
David B-PER
Harding I-PER
, O
spokesman O
at O
ARC B-ORG
, O
Hanson B-ORG
's O
aggregates O
company O
. O
" O

They O
walk O
around O
with O
mobile O
phones O
and O
camera O
equipment O
, O
they O
communicate O
and O
gather O
support O
for O
demos O
via O
the O
Internet B-MISC
-- O
we O
're O
talking O
about O
a O
highly O
sophisticated O
organisation O
. O
" O

One O
road O
protestor O
under O
the O
codename O
Steady B-PER
Eddie I-PER
told O
construction O
journal O
" O
Building B-ORG
" O
earlier O
this O
year O
, O
" O
If O
it O
comes O
down O
to O
full-scale O
economic O
warfare O
, O
we O
will O
aim O
to O
drive O
them O
out O
of O
business O
. O
" O

As O
well O
as O
financial O
threats O
, O
companies O
also O
emphasise O
the O
" O
terror O
" O
tactics O
used O
. O

Costain B-ORG
's O
contract O
to O
build O
the O
controversial O
Newbury B-LOC
bypass O
, O
which O
runs O
through O
a O
conservation O
area O
, O
has O
led O
to O
violent O
protests O
delaying O
building O
, O
bomb O
threats O
, O
staff O
intimidation O
and O
picketing O
of O
chief O
executive O
Alan B-PER
Lovell I-PER
's O
home O
. O

A O
Costain B-ORG
spokesman O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
: O
" O
We O
've O
had O
all O
sorts O
of O
protests O
at O
the O
head O
office O
and O
the O
chief O
executive O
's O
house O
. O

But O
it O
's O
when O
it O
gets O
to O
the O
( O
employee O
) O
families O
-- O
that O
it O
goes O
across O
the O
line O
. O
" O

Tactics O
used O
by O
some O
underground O
groups O
including O
the O
cryptic O
Berkshire B-ORG
Wood I-ORG
Elves I-ORG
, O
which O
distribute O
leaflets O
with O
instructions O
on O
home-made O
explosives O
, O
are O
now O
the O
subject O
of O
a O
police O
investigation O
. O

Other O
larger O
activist O
groups O
include O
Earth B-ORG
First I-ORG
, O
The B-ORG
Land I-ORG
is I-ORG
Ours I-ORG
, O
Alarm B-ORG
UK I-ORG
and O
Road B-ORG
Alert I-ORG
. O

The O
groups O
have O
targeted O
specific O
projects O
like O
the O
Newbury B-LOC
bypass O
and O
the O
M3 B-LOC
motorway O
through O
Twyford B-LOC
Down I-LOC
in O
the O
southern O
county O
of O
Hampshire B-LOC
. O

But O
they O
are O
also O
campaigning O
on O
broader O
issue O
such O
as O
stopping O
the O
government O
road O
building O
programme O
and O
out-of-town O
superstores O
which O
they O
say O
create O
more O
traffic O
, O
pollution O
and O
damage O
local O
communities O
. O

The O
government O
has O
slashed O
its O
road-building O
spending O
. O

Although O
protests O
may O
have O
contributed O
to O
the O
decision O
it O
has O
been O
seen O
primarily O
as O
economic O
rather O
than O
ecological O
. O

Graham B-PER
Watts I-PER
, O
chief O
executive O
of O
the O
Construction B-ORG
Industry I-ORG
Council I-ORG
, O
said O
: O
" O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
many O
firms O
involved O
in O
tendering O
for O
sensitive O
projects O
realise O
the O
impact O
environmental O
activity O
has O
on O
the O
cost O
of O
running O
a O
project O
. O

" O
But O
they O
are O
more O
alert O
than O
they O
were O
3-4 O
years O
ago O
. O

There O
's O
no O
doubt O
it O
's O
a O
big O
issue O
now O
. O
" O

He O
says O
the O
damage O
comes O
in O
two O
forms O
: O
" O
Tangible O
-- O
in O
the O
form O
of O
extra O
costs O
, O
additional O
security O
, O
threats O
to O
staff O
and O
the O
more O
intangible O
damage O
caused O
by O
negative O
publicity O
. O
" O

Watts B-PER
said O
the O
cost O
of O
protesting O
can O
be O
heavy O
once O
the O
company O
is O
locked O
into O
a O
contract O
. O

" O
I O
do O
often O
hear O
on O
the O
industry O
circuit O
of O
tales O
where O
the O
company O
tenders O
at O
low O
margins O
and O
the O
demonstrations O
which O
follow O
means O
they O
are O
running O
the O
project O
at O
a O
loss O
. O
" O

ARC B-ORG
says O
it O
's O
not O
just O
contractors O
in O
the O
front O
line O
but O
also O
suppliers O
like O
itself O
. O

Its O
own O
quarries O
came O
under O
attack O
after O
it O
emerged O
that O
it O
may O
be O
a O
supplier O
for O
the O
Newbury B-LOC
bypass O
. O

" O
It O
was O
called O
the O
" O
First B-MISC
Battle I-MISC
of I-MISC
the I-MISC
Newbury I-MISC
bypass I-MISC
' O
, O
" O
said O
ARC B-ORG
's O
Harding B-PER
. O

" O
We O
had O
300 O
Earth B-ORG
First I-ORG
protestors O
invade O
and O
occupy O
our O
site O
. O

Hundreds O
of O
thousands O
of O
pounds O
( O
dollars O
) O
of O
damage O
was O
done O
in O
one O
day O
. O

Plus O
there O
was O
the O
knock-on O
cost O
of O
lost O
production O
and O
extra O
security O
in O
future O
. O
" O

Simon B-PER
Brown I-PER
, O
analyst O
at O
investement O
bank O
UBS B-ORG
, O
said O
this O
new O
phenomenon O
has O
led O
to O
a O
change O
in O
the O
way O
the O
industry O
evaluates O
project O
risk O
. O

" O
When O
talking O
to O
Tarmac B-ORG
about O
the O
M3 B-LOC
link O
( O
through O
Twyford B-LOC
Down I-LOC
) O
they O
made O
it O
fairly O
clear O
that O
their O
risk O
assessment O
methods O
have O
been O
changed O
and O
now O
involve O
a O
very O
clear O
environmental O
risk O
analysis O
. O
" O

Harding B-PER
says O
others O
have O
done O
the O
same O
. O
" O

As O
a O
result O
of O
eco-terrorism O
we O
are O
looking O
at O
controversial O
jobs O
more O
closely O
to O
see O
if O
the O
profit O
margins O
are O
wide O
enough O
to O
cover O
things O
like O
extra O
security O
. O
" O

For O
an O
industry O
already O
suffering O
from O
razor-thin O
margins O
, O
overcapacity O
and O
stagnant O
demand O
, O
eco-terrorism O
is O
the O
latest O
bizarre O
twist O
in O
the O
construction O
sector O
's O
tale O
of O
woe O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

London B-MISC
Carnival I-MISC
ends O
in O
high O
spirits O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

London B-LOC
's O
annual O
Notting B-MISC
Hill I-MISC
Carnival I-MISC
, O
the O
largest O
in O
Europe B-LOC
and O
second O
in O
the O
world O
only O
to O
Rio B-LOC
, O
ended O
peacefully O
on O
Monday O
with O
an O
estimated O
800,000 O
revellers O
singing O
and O
dancing O
the O
day O
away O
in O
high O
spirits O
. O

Police O
said O
they O
made O
30 O
arrests O
and O
there O
were O
two O
stabbings O
. O

But O
there O
was O
no O
repeat O
of O
the O
ugly O
scenes O
that O
used O
to O
scar O
the O
street O
festival O
, O
and O
police O
praised O
the O
crowds O
over O
the O
two O
days O
of O
festivities O
as O
good-natured O
. O

Around O
400 O
police O
were O
wounded O
in O
riots O
in O
1976 O
when O
the O
carnival O
, O
now O
in O
its O
31st O
year O
, O
acquired O
its O
darker O
reputation O
from O
which O
it O
is O
now O
only O
slowly O
recovering O
. O

Shopkeepers O
still O
board O
up O
their O
windows O
and O
many O
residents O
leave O
town O
for O
the O
weekend O
, O
but O
for O
four O
or O
five O
years O
there O
has O
been O
no O
disorder O
and O
relatively O
little O
crime O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

OFFICIAL B-ORG
JOURNAL I-ORG
CONTENTS O
- O
OJ B-ORG
C O
248 O
OF O
AUGUST O
26 O
, O
1996 O
. O

* O

( O
Note O
- O
contents O
are O
displayed O
in O
reverse O
order O
to O
that O
in O
the O
printed O
Journal B-ORG
) O

* O

ANNEX O

STATEMENT O
OF O
THE O
COUNCIL O
'S O
REASONS O

ANNEX O
I O

ANNEX O
A O

STATEMENT O
OF O
THE O
COUNCIL O
'S O
REASONS O
END O
OF O
DOCUMENT O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Indonesia B-LOC
newspaper O
reports O
central O
bank O
scandal O
. O

JAKARTA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Indonesia B-LOC
's O
central O
bank O
suffered O
seven O
billion O
rupiah O
( O
$ O
2.9 O
million O
) O
in O
losses O
resulting O
from O
fake O
transactions O
, O
the O
Jakarta B-ORG
Post I-ORG
reported O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

A O
Bank B-ORG
Indonesia I-ORG
spokeswoman O
confirmed O
the O
newspaper O
report O
but O
declined O
to O
give O
further O
details O
. O

The O
bank O
's O
governor O
Sudradjat B-PER
Djiwandono I-PER
was O
quoted O
as O
saying O
on O
Monday O
about O
5.4 O
billion O
rupiah O
of O
the O
seven O
billion O
rupiah O
had O
been O
recovered O
. O

The O
newspaper O
said O
it O
was O
the O
central O
bank O
's O
first O
public O
scandal O
in O
its O
43-year O
history O
. O

The O
paper O
said O
five O
people O
had O
been O
arrested O
and O
police O
were O
looking O
for O
two O
more O
suspects O
. O

( O
$ O
1 O
= O
2,341 O
rupiah O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
PLAYERS O
DIVIDED O
ON O
CART O
REQUEST O
FOR O
OLAZABAL B-PER
. O

NORTHAMPTON B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Seve B-PER
Ballesteros I-PER
and O
Colin B-PER
Montgomerie I-PER
are O
divided O
on O
whether O
Jose B-PER
Maria I-PER
Olazabal I-PER
should O
be O
allowed O
to O
return O
to O
the O
European B-MISC
PGA I-MISC
Tour I-MISC
using O
a O
motorised O
cart O
to O
transport O
him O
around O
the O
course O
. O

The O
Spaniard B-MISC
has O
not O
played O
for O
nearly O
a O
year O
because O
of O
rheumatoid O
arthritis O
in O
both O
his O
feet O
, O
and O
organisers O
of O
a O
pairs O
event O
to O
be O
staged O
in O
Bordeaux B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
from O
October O
17 O
to O
20 O
have O
been O
asked O
to O
provide O
him O
with O
a O
buggy O
. O

" O
If O
the O
( O
Tour B-MISC
's O
tournament O
) O
committee O
decides O
to O
change O
the O
rule O
I O
would O
not O
be O
against O
it O
, O
" O
said O
Ballesteros B-PER
, O
Olazabal B-PER
's O
compatriot O
and O
Ryder B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
captain O
. O

But O
commitee O
member O
Montgomerie B-PER
said O
it O
could O
set O
an O
unhelpful O
precedent O
. O
" O

I O
know O
Olly B-PER
's O
situation O
is O
very O
unfortunate O
, O
but O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
we O
can O
start O
giving O
dispensations O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

You O
've O
got O
to O
have O
a O
rule O
for O
everybody O
and O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
it O
's O
feasible O
. O
" O

The O
use O
of O
carts O
is O
generally O
prohibited O
in O
the O
professional O
game O
, O
and O
if O
Olazabal B-PER
is O
allowed O
to O
use O
one O
in O
Bordeaux B-LOC
, O
he O
might O
then O
request O
one O
for O
the O
qualifying O
tournaments O
for O
next O
year O
's O
Ryder B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
POLAND B-LOC
TIES O
CYPRUS B-LOC
2-2 O
IN O
FRIENDLY O
MATCH O
. O

BELCHATOW B-LOC
, O
Poland B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Poland B-LOC
and O
Cyprus B-LOC
drew O

2-2 O
( O
halftime O
0-0 O
) O
in O
a O
friendly O
soccer O
international O
on O

Tuesday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Poland B-LOC
- O
Krzysztof B-PER
Warzycha I-PER
( O
46th O
minute O
) O
, O
Marcin B-PER
Mieciel I-PER

( O
57th O
) O

Cyprus B-LOC
- O
Klimis B-PER
Alexandrou I-PER
( O
75th O
) O
, O
Kostas B-PER
Malekos I-PER
( O
80th O
) O

Attendance O
3,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
THOMSON B-PER
RESIGNS O
AS O
MANAGER O
OF O
RAITH B-ORG
ROVERS I-ORG
. O

KIRKCALDY B-LOC
, O
Scotland B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Jimmy B-PER
Thomson I-PER
became O
Scotland B-LOC
's O
first O
managerial O
casualty O
of O
the O
season O
on O
Tuesday O
when O
he O
quit O
Raith B-ORG
Rovers I-ORG
, O
bottom O
of O
the O
premier O
division O
. O

Thomson B-PER
resigned O
after O
the O
club O
's O
directors O
asked O
him O
to O
return O
to O
his O
previous O
position O
as O
youth O
team O
coach O
. O

He O
had O
been O
in O
charge O
for O
six O
months O
. O

Raith B-ORG
lost O
their O
first O
two O
games O
of O
the O
season O
away O
to O
Rangers B-ORG
and O
Celtic B-ORG
, O
then O
crashed O
3-0 O
at O
home O
to O
Motherwell B-ORG
on O
Saturday O
. O

A O
club O
statement O
said O
: O
" O
The O
directors O
of O
Raith B-ORG
Rovers I-ORG
FC I-ORG
invited O
Jimmy B-PER
Thomson I-PER
to O
relinquish O
the O
post O
of O
manager O
and O
to O
resume O
his O
former O
position O
as O
youth O
team O
coach O
. O

" O
Regrettably O
Jimmy B-PER
has O
felt O
unable O
to O
accept O
that O
offer O
, O
and O
has O
accordingly O
left O
the O
club O
. O
" O

Thomson B-PER
said O
: O
" O
I O
am O
leaving O
with O
my O
dignity O
and O
my O
pride O
intact O
, O
and O
that O
is O
very O
important O
to O
me O
. O

" O
While O
not O
agreeing O
with O
the O
directors O
' O
decision O
, O
I O
respect O
their O
reasons O
for O
making O
it O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
GRIQUALAND B-LOC
WEST I-LOC
AND O
NEW B-LOC
ZEALAND I-LOC
DRAW O
IN O
TOUR B-MISC
MATCH O
. O

KIMBERLEY B-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Griqualand B-LOC
West I-LOC

and O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
drew O
18-18 O
( O
halftime O
6-10 O
) O
in O
their O
rugby O
union O

tour O
maltch O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Griqualand B-LOC
West I-LOC
- O
Tries O
: O
Andre B-PER
Cloete I-PER
, O
Leon B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Wath I-PER
. O

Conversion O
: O
Boeta B-PER
Wessels I-PER
. O

Penalties O
: O
Wessels B-PER
2 O
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
- O
Tries O
: O
Scott B-PER
McLeod I-PER
, O
Glen B-PER
Osborne I-PER
. O

Conversion O
: O

Jon B-PER
Preston I-PER
. O

Penalties O
: O
Preston B-PER
2 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BALL B-PER
RESIGNS O
AS O
MANCHESTER B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
MANAGER O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Former O
England B-LOC
midfielder O
Alan B-PER
Ball I-PER
resigned O
as O
manager O
of O
first O
division O
side O
Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
on O
Monday O
night O
, O
the O
club O
said O
. O

Ball B-PER
, O
appointed O
in O
July O
1995 O
, O
was O
unable O
to O
prevent O
City B-ORG
being O
relegated O
from O
the O
premier O
league O
last O
season O
and O
his O
record O
read O
13 O
wins O
, O
14 O
draws O
and O
22 O
losses O
in O
49 O
games O
. O

They O
have O
lost O
two O
of O
their O
three O
matches O
so O
far O
this O
season O
. O

Club O
secretary O
Bernard B-PER
Halford I-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
: O
" O
The O
chairman O
and O
Board B-ORG
would O
like O
to O
place O
on O
record O
their O
appreciation O
of O
his O
endeavours O
and O
efforts O
whilst O
in O
his O
period O
of O
office O
and O
wish O
him O
well O
in O
the O
future O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

English B-MISC
league O
soccer O
standings O

after O
Tuesday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O

lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Division O
one O

Tranmere B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
6 O
3 O
7 O

Bolton B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
7 O

Barnsley B-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
6 O

Wolverhampton B-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
6 O

Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
6 O

Stoke B-ORG
2 O
2 O
0 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
6 O

Norwich B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Ipswich B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
4 O

Birmingham B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
4 O
4 O

Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
4 O

Oxford B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
6 O
3 O
3 O

Bradford B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
3 O

Huddersfield B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

Portsmouth B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

Reading B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

Manchester B-ORG
City I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
3 O
3 O

West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
2 O

Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
1 O

Grimsby B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
7 O
1 O

Charlton B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Swindon B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Southend B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
7 O
1 O

Oldham B-ORG
2 O
0 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
0 O

Divisionn O
two O

Plymouth B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
8 O
5 O
7 O

Brentford B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
6 O
3 O
7 O

Shrewsbury B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
6 O
3 O
7 O

Bury B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
7 O

Burnley B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
5 O
5 O
6 O

Bournemouth B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Blackpool B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
6 O

Chesterfield B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
6 O

Millwall B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
4 O

Crewe B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
4 O

Gillingham B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
4 O

Preston B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Notts B-ORG
County I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O

Bristol B-ORG
Rovers I-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
4 O

Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
7 O
4 O
3 O

York B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
3 O

Watford B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
3 O

Wrexham B-ORG
2 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
5 O
5 O
2 O

Wycombe B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Rotherham B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
1 O

Peterborough B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
1 O

Walsall B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O
1 O

Stockport B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
1 O

Luton B-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
10 O
0 O

Division O
three O

Hartlepool B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
6 O
3 O
7 O

Wigan B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
7 O

Hull B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
7 O

Carlisle B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
0 O
7 O

Fulham B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Scunthorpe B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
6 O

Scarborough B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
5 O

Exeter B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
5 O

Cambridge B-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
5 O

Darlington B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
5 O
4 O

Northampton B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
3 O
4 O

Barnet B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
2 O
4 O

Chester B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
4 O

Torquay B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
4 O

Cardiff B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
4 O

Swansea B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
7 O
3 O

Brighton B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
3 O

Hereford B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O

Lincoln B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
2 O

Colchester B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
2 O

Rochdale B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O
1 O

Mansfield B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
6 O
1 O

Doncaster B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Leyton B-ORG
Orient I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
league O
soccer O

matches O
on O
Tuesday O
: O

Division O
one O

Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
0 O
West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
0 O

Ipswich B-ORG
1 O
Grimsby B-ORG
1 O

Oxford B-ORG
0 O
Norwich B-ORG
1 O

Portsmouth B-ORG
1 O
Southend B-ORG
0 O

Tranmere B-ORG
2 O
Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
0 O

Postponed O
: O
Charlton B-ORG
v O
Birmingham B-ORG
, O
Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
v O

Huddersfield B-ORG

Division O
two O

Brentford B-ORG
2 O
Gillingham B-ORG
0 O

Bristol B-ORG
City I-ORG
5 O
Luton B-ORG
0 O

Burnley B-ORG
1 O
Shrewsbury B-ORG
3 O

Chesterfield B-ORG
1 O
Walsall B-ORG
0 O

Preston B-ORG
2 O
Crewe B-ORG
1 O

Rotherham B-ORG
1 O
Blackpool B-ORG
2 O

Stockport B-ORG
0 O
Bournemouth B-ORG
1 O

Watford B-ORG
0 O
Plymouth B-ORG
2 O

Wycombe B-ORG
0 O
Bury B-ORG
1 O

York B-ORG
3 O
Millwall B-ORG
2 O

Postponed O
: O
Peterborough B-ORG
v O
Notts B-ORG
County I-ORG
, O
Wrexham B-ORG
v O
Bristol B-ORG

Rovers B-ORG

Division O
three O

Barnet B-ORG
3 O
Brighton B-ORG
0 O

Cardiff B-ORG
0 O
Wigan B-ORG
2 O

Carlisle B-ORG
1 O
Leyton B-ORG
Orient I-ORG
0 O

Chester B-ORG
2 O
Swansea B-ORG
0 O

Darlington B-ORG
1 O
Colchester B-ORG
1 O

Exeter B-ORG
1 O
Doncaster B-ORG
1 O

Hartlepool B-ORG
2 O
Mansfield B-ORG
2 O

Hereford B-ORG
0 O
Hull B-ORG
1 O

Lincoln B-ORG
1 O
Cambridge B-ORG
1 O

Northampton B-ORG
1 O
Torquay B-ORG
1 O

Rochdale B-ORG
1 O
Fulham B-ORG
2 O

Scunthorpe B-ORG
0 O
Scarborough B-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
AND O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
TEST O
AVERAGES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

England B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
Test O
averages O

after O
their O
three-match O
series O
which O
ended O
on O
Monday O
: O

England B-LOC

Batting O
( O
tabulated O
under O
matches O
, O
innings O
, O
not O
outs O
, O
runs O
, O

highest O
score O
, O
average O
) O
: O

Alec B-PER
Stewart I-PER
3 O
5 O
0 O
396 O
170 O
79.20 O

John B-PER
Crawley I-PER
2 O
3 O
0 O
178 O
106 O
59.33 O

Nick B-PER
Knight I-PER
3 O
5 O
0 O
190 O
113 O
38.00 O

Nasser B-PER
Hussain I-PER
2 O
3 O
0 O
111 O
51 O
37.00 O

Mike B-PER
Atherton I-PER
3 O
5 O
0 O
162 O
64 O
32.40 O

Graham B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
3 O
5 O
0 O
159 O
77 O
31.80 O

Jack B-PER
Russell I-PER
2 O
3 O
1 O
51 O
41no O
25.50 O

Ian B-PER
Salisbury I-PER
2 O
4 O
1 O
50 O
40 O
16.66 O

Mark B-PER
Ealham I-PER
1 O
2 O
0 O
30 O
25 O
15.00 O

Dominic B-PER
Cork I-PER
3 O
5 O
0 O
58 O
26 O
11.60 O

Robert B-PER
Croft I-PER
1 O
2 O
1 O
11 O
6 O
11.00 O

Simon B-PER
Brown I-PER
1 O
2 O
1 O
11 O
10no O
11.00 O

Alan B-PER
Mullally I-PER
3 O
5 O
1 O
39 O
24 O
9.75 O

Chris B-PER
Lewis I-PER
2 O
3 O
0 O
18 O
9 O
6.00 O

Andy B-PER
Caddick I-PER
1 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
4 O
4.00 O

Graeme B-PER
Hick I-PER
1 O
2 O
0 O
8 O
4 O
4.00 O

Bowling O
( O
tabulated O
under O
overs O
, O
maidens O
, O
runs O
, O
wickets O
, O

average O
) O
: O

Atherton B-PER
7 O
1 O
20 O
1 O
20.00 O

Caddick B-PER
57.2 O
10 O
165 O
6 O
27.50 O

Cork B-PER
131 O
23 O
434 O
12 O
36.16 O

Mullally B-PER
150.3 O
36 O
377 O
10 O
37.70 O

Hick B-PER
13 O
2 O
42 O
1 O
42.00 O

Croft B-PER
47.4 O
10 O
125 O
2 O
62.50 O

Brown B-PER
33 O
4 O
138 O
2 O
69.00 O

Ealham B-PER
37 O
8 O
81 O
1 O
81.00 O

Salisbury B-PER
61.2 O
8 O
221 O
2 O
110.50 O

Lewis B-PER
71 O
10 O
264 O
1 O
264.00 O

Thorpe B-PER
13 O
4 O
19 O
0 O
- O

Pakistan B-LOC

Batting O
: O

Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
2 O
3 O
1 O
158 O
105 O
79.00 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
3 O
6 O
1 O
344 O
141 O
68.80 O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
3 O
5 O
2 O
195 O
100no O
65.00 O

Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
3 O
5 O
0 O
320 O
148 O
64.00 O

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
3 O
6 O
0 O
362 O
176 O
60.33 O

Rashid B-PER
Latif I-PER
1 O
1 O
0 O
45 O
45 O
45.00 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
2 O
3 O
1 O
77 O
46 O
38.50 O

Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
2 O
3 O
0 O
90 O
51 O
30.00 O

Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
3 O
5 O
1 O
98 O
40 O
24.50 O

Shadab B-PER
Kabir I-PER
2 O
4 O
0 O
87 O
35 O
21.75 O

Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
3 O
5 O
1 O
44 O
20 O
11.00 O

Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
3 O
3 O
1 O
11 O
7 O
5.50 O

Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
2 O
2 O
2 O
10 O
10no O
- O

Mohammad B-PER
Akram I-PER
1 O
0 O
0 O
0 O
0 O
- O

Bowling O
: O

Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
195 O
52 O
447 O
17 O
26.29 O

Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
125 O
25 O
431 O
16 O
26.93 O

Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
128 O
29 O
350 O
11 O
31.81 O

Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
48.4 O
6 O
173 O
5 O
34.60 O

Mohammad B-PER
Akram I-PER
22 O
4 O
71 O
1 O
71.00 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
11 O
3 O
24 O
0 O
- O

Asif B-PER
Mujtaba I-PER
7 O
5 O
6 O
0 O
- O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
1 O
0 O
1 O
0 O
- O

Shadab B-PER
Kabir I-PER
1 O
0 O
9 O
0 O
- O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
GOOCH B-PER
TO O
PLAY O
ANOTHER O
SEASON O
FOR O
ESSEX B-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Graham B-PER
Gooch I-PER
, O
the O
43-year-old O
former O
England B-LOC
captain O
, O
is O
to O
continue O
playing O
county O
cricket O
for O
at O
least O
another O
season O
, O
his O
club O
Essex B-ORG
announced O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Opener O
Gooch B-PER
's O
decision O
comes O
towards O
the O
end O
of O
a O
season O
in O
which O
he O
has O
underlined O
his O
consistency O
by O
becoming O
the O
leading O
scorer O
in O
Essex B-ORG
's O
history O
, O
beating O
Keith B-PER
Fletcher I-PER
's O
aggregate O
of O
29,434 O
. O

Gooch B-PER
, O
who O
retired O
from O
test O
cricket O
after O
the O
1994-95 O
tour O
of O
Australia B-LOC
but O
is O
now O
an O
England B-LOC
selector O
, O
is O
seventh O
in O
this O
season O
's O
first-class O
averages O
with O
1,429 O
runs O
at O
64.95 O
, O
having O
hit O
five O
centuries O
and O
one O
double O
century O
. O

Essex B-ORG
secretary-general O
manager O
Peter B-PER
Edwards I-PER
said O
: O
" O
He O
is O
a O
remarkable O
batsman O
and O
still O
the O
best O
in O
this O
country O
. O

No-one O
will O
argue O
with O
that O
. O

You O
just O
have O
to O
look O
at O
his O
record O
to O
appreciate O
that O
fact O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ROMANIA B-LOC
CLUB O
BOSS O
BANNED O
FOR O
HEADBUTT O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
Romanian B-ORG
Soccer I-ORG
Federation I-ORG
has O
banned O
first O
division O
club O
Jiul B-ORG
Petrosani I-ORG
's O
president O
Miron B-PER
Cozma I-PER
for O
two O
years O
for O
headbutting O
a O
visiting O
team O
player O
, O
a O
federation O
statement O
said O
. O

Romania B-LOC
's O
soccer O
bosses O
also O
fined O
Cozma B-PER
, O
a O
well-known O
miners O
' O
union O
leader O
, O
10 O
million O
lei O
( O
$ O
3000 O
) O
for O
the O
half-time O
attack O
on O
Dinamo B-ORG
Bucharest I-ORG
's O
Danut B-PER
Lupu I-PER
last O
Sunday O
. O

Miners O
led O
by O
Cozma B-PER
rioted O
in O
Bucharest B-LOC
in O
1990 O
and O
1991 O
, O
bringing O
down O
the O
reformist O
government O
of O
premier O
Petre B-PER
Roman I-PER
. O

Cozma B-PER
is O
awaiting O
trial O
for O
assault O
and O
criminal O
damage O
in O
a O
bar O
in O
his O
home O
town O
of O
Petrosan B-LOC
, O
300 O
kms O
west O
of O
Bucharest B-LOC
. O

The O
attack O
on O
Lupu B-PER
came O
during O
a O
tunnel O
skirmish O
between O
opposing O
players O
as O
they O
left O
the O
field O
. O

" O
Cozma B-PER
's O
blow O
was O
not O
too O
painful O
because O
I O
'm O
a O
tall O
man O
, O
" O
Lupu B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Lupu B-PER
is O
one O
of O
the O
tallest O
players O
in O
Romania B-LOC
's O
first O
division O
, O
towering O
over O
Cozma B-PER
by O
some O
17 O
cms O
, O

Jiul B-ORG
Petrosani I-ORG
, O
promoted O
to O
the O
first O
division O
this O
year O
, O
won O
the O
league O
game O
1-0 O
. O

Cozma B-PER
is O
barred O
from O
taking O
part O
in O
any O
official O
soccer O
activity O
during O
the O
ban O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SQUASH O
- O
HONG B-MISC
KONG I-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
FIRST O
ROUND O
RESULTS O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

First O
round O
results O
in O
the O
Hong B-MISC

Kong B-MISC
Open I-MISC
squash O
tournament O
on O
Tuesday O
( O
prefix O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

1 O
- O
Jansher B-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Pakistnn O
) O
beat O
Jackie B-PER
Lee I-PER
( O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
) O
15-8 O
15-8 O

15-6 O

3 O
- O
Brett B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
David B-PER
Evans I-PER
( O
Wales B-LOC
) O
14-17 O
15-1 O

13-15 O
17-14 O
15-12 O

Mark B-PER
Cairns I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
beat O
6 O
- O
Del B-PER
Harris I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
15-12 O
7-15 O

15-6 O
15-12 O

Anthony B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
8 O
- O
Mark B-PER
Chaloner I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
15-11 O

17-16 O
17-16 O

Simon B-PER
Frenz I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Martin B-PER
Heath I-PER
( O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
12-15 O
15-6 O

15-4 O
12-15 O
15-14 O

Joseph B-PER
Kneipp I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ahmed B-PER
Faizy I-PER
( O
Egypt B-LOC
) O
15-8 O
12-15 O

15-14 O
15-9 O

Mir B-PER
Zaman I-PER
Gul I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Stephen B-PER
Meads I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
10-15 O

15-12 O
15-10 O
15-3 O

Dan B-PER
Jensen I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Anders B-PER
Thoren I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
8-15 O
15-12 O

10-15 O
15-5 O
15-11 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
EDBERG B-PER
EXTENDS O
GRAND O
SLAM O
RUN O
, O
TOPPLES O
WIMBLEDON B-LOC
CHAMP O
. O

Larry B-PER
Fine I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Stefan B-PER
Edberg I-PER
produced O
some O
of O
his O
vintage O
best O
on O
Tuesday O
to O
extend O
his O
grand O
run O
at O
the O
Grand B-MISC
Slams I-MISC
by O
toppling O
Wimbledon B-MISC
champion O
Richard B-PER
Krajicek I-PER
in O
straight O
sets O
at O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

Edberg B-PER
, O
competing O
in O
the O
54th O
consecutive O
and O
final O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
event O
of O
his O
illustrious O
career O
, O
turned O
back O
the O
clock O
at O
Stadium B-LOC
Court I-LOC
with O
a O
flowing O
6-3 O
6-3 O
6-3 O
serve-and-volley O
victory O
over O
the O
fifth-seeded O
Dutchman B-MISC
. O

" O
It O
's O
a O
win O
that O
I O
can O
be O
proud O
of O
, O
" O
said O
the O
30-year-old O
Swede B-MISC
, O
winner O
of O
two O
U.S. B-LOC
Opens O
and O
six O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
titles O
in O
all O
. O
" O

It O
's O
never O
easy O
to O
beat O
the O
Wimbledon B-MISC
champion O
. O
" O

Edberg B-PER
, O
who O
has O
said O
he O
will O
retire O
at O
season O
's O
end O
, O
made O
it O
look O
easy O
under O
gray O
skies O
at O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
. O

The O
unseeded O
Swede B-MISC
struck O
quickly O
, O
breaking O
Krajicek B-PER
in O
the O
first O
game O
and O
never O
let O
loose O
his O
grip O
on O
the O
one O
hour O
44 O
minute O
match O
as O
he O
served O
and O
volleyed O
with O
the O
grace O
that O
made O
him O
one O
of O
the O
dominant O
players O
of O
his O
time O
. O

" O
There O
's O
not O
doubt O
about O
it O
, O
Richard B-PER
was O
definitely O
off O
his O
game O
and O
I O
took O
advantage O
, O
" O
said O
Edberg B-PER
. O

" O
I O
still O
have O
my O
days O
where O
I O
feel O
great O
out O
there O
. O
" O

Also O
reaching O
the O
second O
round O
were O
top-seeded O
defending O
champion O
Pete B-PER
Sampras I-PER
, O
a O
6-2 O
6-2 O
6-1 O
winner O
over O
last O
minute O
replacement O
Jimy B-PER
Szymanski I-PER
of O
Venezuela B-LOC
, O
called O
on O
after O
Adrian B-PER
Voinea I-PER
of O
Romania B-LOC
withdrew O
because O
of O
a O
sprained O
ankle O
. O

Third O
seed O
Thomas B-PER
Muster I-PER
of O
Austria B-LOC
also O
charged O
into O
the O
second O
round O
with O
a O
6-1 O
7-6 O
( O
7-2 O
) O
6-2 O
romp O
over O
Javier B-PER
Frana I-PER
of O
Argentina B-LOC
. O

Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
of O
Chile B-LOC
, O
the O
10th O
seed O
, O
also O
advanced O
. O

Rios B-PER
claimed O
a O
4-6 O
6-1 O
6-4 O
6-2 O
victory O
over O
Romania B-LOC
's O
Andrei B-PER
Pavel I-PER
. O

On O
the O
women O
's O
side O
, O
second O
seed O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
got O
off O
to O
a O
strong O
start O
by O
beating O
fellow-American O
Anne B-PER
Miller I-PER
6-0 O
6-1 O
and O
was O
joined O
in O
the O
second O
round O
by O
Spain B-LOC
's O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
( O
seeded O
third O
) O
, O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Lindsay B-PER
Davenport I-PER
( O
8 O
) O
and O
Karina B-PER
Habsudova I-PER
of O
Slovakia B-LOC
( O
17 O
) O
. O

The O
women O
's O
draw O
lost O
another O
seed O
when O
Austrian B-MISC
Judith B-PER
Wiesner I-PER
overcame O
Iva B-PER
Majoli I-PER
of O
Croatia B-LOC
2-6 O
6-3 O
6-1 O
. O

The O
fifth- O
seeded O
Majoli B-PER
joined O
Anke B-PER
Huber I-PER
( O
5 O
) O
and O
Magdalena B-PER
Maleeva I-PER
( O
12 O
) O
on O
the O
sidelines O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
TUESDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
FROM O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Results O
of O
first O
round O
matches O
on O
Tuesday O
in O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
tennis O
championships O
at O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
( O
prefix O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Women O
's O
singles O

2 O
- O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Anne B-PER
Miller I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-0 O
6-1 O

Rita B-PER
Grande I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
beat O
Alexia B-PER
Dechaume-Balleret I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-0 O

Judith B-PER
Wiesner I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
5 O
- O
Iva B-PER
Majoli I-PER
( O
Croatia B-LOC
) O
2-6 O
6-3 O
6- O
1 O

Men O
's O
singles O

3 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Muster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Javier B-PER
Frana I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
7-6 O
( O
7-2 O
) O
6-2 O

Men O
's O
singles O

1 O
- O
Pete B-PER
Sampras I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jimy B-PER
Szymanski I-PER
( O
Venezuela B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-2 O
6 O
- O
1 O

Jiri B-PER
Novak I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Ben B-PER
Ellwood I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6- O
4 O
6-3 O

Women O
's O
singles O

Mariaan B-PER
de I-PER
Swardt I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
Dominique B-PER
Van I-PER
Roost I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
1-6 O
6-2 O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O

Florencia B-PER
Labat I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kathy B-PER
Rinaldi I-PER
Stunkel I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6 O
- O
2 O
6-2 O

Nathalie B-PER
Tauziat I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Angelica B-PER
Gavaldon I-PER
( O
Mexico B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6-2 O

Paola B-PER
Suarez I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Marianne B-PER
Werdel I-PER
Witmeyer I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6 O
- O
4 O
6-3 O

Ann B-PER
Grossman I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Silvia B-PER
Farina I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-3 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Alex B-PER
Corretja I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Byron B-PER
Black I-PER
( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O
3-6 O
6-2 O
6-2 O

Scott B-PER
Draper I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Galo B-PER
Blanco I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
7-5 O
6-3 O

Petr B-PER
Korda I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
David B-PER
Caldwell I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
3-6 O
6-3 O
7-5 O

Bohdan B-PER
Ulihrach I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
14 O
- O
Alberto B-PER
Costa I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
2-6 O
6-4 O
7-6 O
( O
7-2 O
) O
3-6 O
6-1 O

Bernd B-PER
Karbacher I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jonathan B-PER
Stark I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
6-3 O
5- O
7 O
7-5 O

Women O
's O
singles O

8 O
- O
Lindsay B-PER
Davenport I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Adriana B-PER
Serra-Zanetti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
6 O
- O
2 O
6-1 O

Elena B-PER
Wagner I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Gigi B-PER
Fernandez I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-4 O

Kristie B-PER
Boogert I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
Joannette B-PER
Kruger I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-0 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Stefan B-PER
Edberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
5 O
- O
Richard B-PER
Krajicek I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
6- O
3 O
6-3 O
6-3 O

10 O
- O
Marcelo B-PER
Rios I-PER
( O
Chile B-LOC
) O
beat O
Andrei B-PER
Pavel I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
4-6 O
6-1 O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Women O
's O
singles O

3 O
- O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Laxmi B-PER
Poruri I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-1 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Andrei B-PER
Olhovskiy I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Pat B-PER
Cash I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-3 O
6-2 O

Filippo B-PER
Veglio I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Christian B-PER
Ruud I-PER
( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
1-6 O
6 O

- O
2 O
6-4 O
6-4 O

Tim B-PER
Henman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Roberto B-PER
Jabali I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-3 O
6-4 O

Pablo B-PER
Campana I-PER
( O
Ecuador B-LOC
) O
beat O
Todd B-PER
Woodbridge I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
4- O

6 O
6-2 O
6-4 O

Herman B-PER
Gumy I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Martin B-PER
Damm I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
7-5 O
6 O

- O
4 O
7-5 O

Jacob B-PER
Hlasek I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nicklas B-PER
Kulti I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-4 O

4-6 O
6-4 O

Women O
's O
singles O

17- O
Karina B-PER
Habsudova I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Radka B-PER
Bobkova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC

Republic B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-1 O

Karin B-PER
Kschwendt I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sandra B-PER

Kleinova B-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-4 O

Annabel B-PER
Ellwood I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jennifer B-PER
Capriati I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6 O

- O
4 O

Nicole B-PER
Arendt I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sandra B-PER
Cacic I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O

Elena B-PER
Likhovtseva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kyoko B-PER
Nagatsuka I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7- O

5 O
) O
6-1 O

Sandrine B-PER
Testud I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Pam B-PER
Shriver I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
6-2 O

Women O
's O
singles O

Kimberly B-PER
Po I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
10 O
- O
Kimiko B-PER
Date I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
7-5 O

Natasha B-PER
Zvereva I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
beat O
Virginia B-PER
Ruano-Pascual I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6 O

- O
2 O
6-7 O
( O
5-7 O
) O
6-2 O
Tina B-PER
Kirzan I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Rika B-PER
Hiraki I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O

7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
7-5 O

Petra B-PER
Langrova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Karina B-PER
Adams I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Tami B-PER
Whitlinger I-PER
Jones I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sandra B-PER
Cecchini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-0 O

7 O
- O
Jana B-PER
Novotna I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Francesca B-PER
Lubiani I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

6-1 O
7-5 O

Men O
's O
singles O

13 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Enqvist I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Stephane B-PER
Simian I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-1 O
6-4 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Mikael B-PER
Tillstrom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Tamer B-PER
El I-PER
Sawy I-PER
( O
Egypt B-LOC
) O
1-6 O
7-6 O
( O
9 O

- O
7 O
) O
6-1 O
3-6 O
6-4 O

Roberto B-PER
Carretero I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jordi B-PER
Burillo I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
4-6 O
6- O

0 O
1-0 O
Retired O
( O
ankle O
injury O
) O

Thomas B-PER
Johansson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Renzo B-PER
Furlan I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
4-6 O
2-6 O
7-5 O

6-1 O
7-5 O

Mark B-PER
Knowles I-PER
( O
Bahamas B-LOC
) O
beat O
Marcelo B-PER
Filippini I-PER
( O
Uruguay B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
7-5 O

6-1 O

Jared B-PER
Palmer I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
15 O
- O
Marc B-PER
Rosset I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
6-7 O
( O
7-9 O
) O

6-4 O
6-4 O
6-3 O

Women O
's O
singles O

Amy B-PER
Frazier I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Larisa B-PER
Neiland I-PER
( O
Latvia B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-3 O

Women O
's O
singles O

Lisa B-PER
Raymond I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Lori B-PER
McNeil I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O
6-3 O

Sandra B-PER
Dopfer I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Zina B-PER
Garrison I-PER
Jackson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
2-6 O
6-3 O
7-5 O

4 O
- O
Conchita B-PER
Martinez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ruxandra B-PER
Dragomir I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-0 O

Naoko B-PER
Sawamatsu I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Rennae B-PER
Stubbs I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-3 O

Miriam B-PER
Oremans I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
Radka B-PER
Zrubakova I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
4-6 O
6-1 O

Men O
's O
singles O

Doug B-PER
Flach I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Gianluca B-PER
Pozzi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O
2-6 O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O

16 O
- O
Cedric B-PER
Pioline I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Francisco B-PER
Clavet I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
7-6 O
( O
7-3 O
) O
6-4 O

Javier B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
David B-PER
Skoch I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
6-2 O
7-6 O
( O
7-0 O
) O
6-3 O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
first O
round O
1 O
- O
Steffi B-PER
Graf I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Yayuk B-PER
Basuki I-PER
( O
Indonesia B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
MONDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Monday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
74 O
56 O
.569 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
69 O
61 O
.531 O
5 O

BOSTON B-ORG
67 O
65 O
.508 O
8 O

TORONTO B-ORG
62 O
70 O
.470 O
13 O

DETROIT B-ORG
47 O
84 O
.359 O
27 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
78 O
53 O
.595 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
70 O
63 O
.526 O
9 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
65 O
66 O
.496 O
13 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
63 O
69 O
.477 O
15 O
1/2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
59 O
73 O
.447 O
19 O
1/2 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
75 O
56 O
.573 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
67 O
63 O
.515 O
7 O
1/2 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
63 O
71 O
.470 O
13 O
1/2 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
61 O
70 O
.466 O
14 O

TUESDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
27TH O
SCHEDULE O

CLEVELAND B-ORG
AT O
DETROIT B-LOC

OAKLAND B-ORG
AT O
BALTIMORE B-LOC

MINNESOTA B-ORG
AT O
TORONTO B-LOC

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

TEXAS B-ORG
AT O
KANSAS B-LOC
CITY I-LOC

BOSTON B-ORG
AT O
CALIFORNIA B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
SEATTLE B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
81 O
48 O
.628 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
70 O
59 O
.543 O
11 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
61 O
70 O
.466 O
21 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
72 O
.450 O
23 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
53 O
79 O
.402 O
29 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
70 O
62 O
.530 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
69 O
62 O
.527 O
1/2 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
64 O
64 O
.500 O
4 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
64 O
66 O
.492 O
5 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
55 O
75 O
.423 O
14 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
72 O
60 O
.545 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
70 O
60 O
.538 O
1 O

COLORADO B-ORG
69 O
63 O
.523 O
3 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
56 O
73 O
.434 O
14 O
1/2 O

TUESDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
27TH O
SCHEDULE O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
AT O
MONTREAL B-LOC

ATLANTA B-ORG
AT O
PITTSBURGH B-LOC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

FLORIDA B-ORG
AT O
ST B-LOC
LOUIS I-LOC

CINCINNATI B-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
GIANTS B-ORG
EDGE O
PHILLIES B-ORG
1-0 O
. O

SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

William B-PER
VanLandingham I-PER
pitched O
eight O
scoreless O
innings O
and O
Glenallen B-PER
Hill I-PER
drove O
in O
the O
game O
's O
only O
run O
with O
a O
first-inning O
single O
as O
the O
San B-ORG
Francisco I-ORG
Giants I-ORG
claimed O
a O
1-0 O
victory O
over O
the O
Philadelphia B-ORG
Phillies I-ORG
on O
Monday O
. O

VanLandingham B-PER
( O
8-13 O
) O
, O
who O
entered O
the O
game O
with O
one O
complete O
game O
in O
the O
first O
56 O
starts O
of O
his O
career O
, O
limited O
the O
Phillies B-ORG
to O
two O
hits O
and O
two O
walks O
with O
four O
strikeouts O
. O

" O
We O
've O
been O
working O
all O
year O
on O
my O
follow-through O
, O
and O
I O
really O
concentrated O
on O
that O
, O
" O
VanLandingham B-PER
said O
. O
" O

It O
gave O
me O
more O
life O
in O
all O
of O
my O
pitches O
, O
so O
the O
ball O
moved O
more O
. O
" O

At O
Colorado B-LOC
, O
Andres B-PER
Galarraga I-PER
homered O
and O
drove O
in O
three O
runs O
as O
the O
Colorado B-ORG
Rockies I-ORG
had O
10 O
extra-base O
hits O
and O
Billy B-PER
Swift I-PER
won O
his O
first O
game O
in O
almost O
a O
year O
in O
a O
9-5 O
rain-shortened O
seven-inning O
victory O
over O
the O
Cincinnati B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
. O

Swift B-PER
( O
1-0 O
) O
, O
who O
made O
his O
first O
start O
since O
June O
3rd O
and O
underwent O
arthroscopic O
surgery O
on O
his O
right O
shoulder O
earlier O
in O
the O
season O
, O
allowed O
five O
runs O
and O
six O
hits O
in O
five O
innings O
. O

In O
Houston B-LOC
, O
Andy B-PER
Benes I-PER
allowed O
two O
runs O
over O
seven O
innings O
and O
Royce B-PER
Clayton I-PER
had O
a O
run-scoring O
single O
in O
the O
seventh O
to O
lift O
the O
St. B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
Cardinals I-ORG
to O
a O
3-2 O
victory O
over O
the O
Houston B-ORG
Astros I-ORG
. O

Benes B-PER
( O
14-9 O
) O
allowed O
five O
hits O
, O
walked O
five O
and O
struck O
out O
10 O
for O
his O
11th O
win O
in O
12 O
decisions O
. O

The O
Cardinals B-ORG
moved O
within O
one-half O
game O
of O
first-place O
Houston B-ORG
in O
the O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
Central I-MISC
Division I-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
ORIOLES B-ORG
WIN O
, O
YANKEES B-ORG
LOSE O
. O

BALTIMORE B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Cal B-PER
Ripken I-PER
's O
bases-loaded O
walk O
scored O
Brady B-PER
Anderson I-PER
with O
the O
winning O
run O
in O
the O
bottom O
of O
the O
10th O
as O
the O
Baltimore B-ORG
Orioles I-ORG
regained O
control O
of O
the O
top O
spot O
in O
the O
wild-card O
race O
with O
a O
wild O
12-11 O
victory O
over O
the O
Oakland B-ORG
Athletics I-ORG
. O

Trailing O
by O
a O
run O
entering O
the O
11th O
, O
the O
Orioles B-ORG
rallied O
against O
Oakland B-ORG
reliever O
Mark B-PER
Acre I-PER
( O
0-2 O
) O
with O
a O
walk O
and O
a O
triple O
by O
Brady B-PER
Anderson I-PER
to O
tie O
the O
game O
. O

Then O
Oakland B-ORG
manager O
Art B-PER
Howe I-PER
decided O
to O
intentionally O
walk O
Rafael B-PER
Palmeiro I-PER
and O
Bobby B-PER
Bonilla I-PER
to O
load O
the O
bases O
but O
Acre B-PER
was O
nowhere O
near O
the O
plate O
to O
Ripken B-PER
. O

The O
decisive O
pitch O
nearly O
hit O
Ripken B-PER
and O
gave O
the O
Orioles B-ORG
a O
one-half O
game O
lead O
over O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
White I-ORG
Sox I-ORG
in O
the O
wild-card O
race O
. O

In O
Seattle B-LOC
, O
Jay B-PER
Buhner I-PER
's O
eighth-inning O
single O
snapped O
a O
tie O
as O
the O
Seattle B-ORG
Mariners I-ORG
edged O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Yankees I-ORG
2-1 O
in O
the O
opener O
of O
a O
three-game O
series O
. O

New B-ORG
York I-ORG
starter O
Jimmy B-PER
Key I-PER
left O
the O
game O
in O
the O
first O
inning O
after O
Seattle B-ORG
shortstop O
Alex B-PER
Rodriguez I-PER
lined O
a O
shot O
off O
his O
left O
elbow O
. O

The O
Yankees B-ORG
have O
lost O
12 O
of O
their O
last O
19 O
games O
and O
their O
lead O
in O
the O
AL B-MISC
East B-MISC
over O
Baltimore B-ORG
fell O
to O
five O
games O
. O

At O
California B-LOC
, O
Tim B-PER
Wakefield I-PER
pitched O
a O
six-hitter O
for O
his O
third O
complete O
game O
of O
the O
season O
and O
Mo B-PER
Vaughn I-PER
and O
Troy B-PER
O'Leary I-PER
hit O
solo O
home O
runs O
in O
the O
second O
inning O
as O
the O
surging O
Boston B-ORG
Red I-ORG
Sox I-ORG
won O
their O
third O
straight O
4-1 O
over O
the O
California B-ORG
Angels I-ORG
. O

Boston B-ORG
has O
won O
seven O
of O
eight O
and O
is O
20-6 O
since O
August O
2nd O
. O

The O
Red B-ORG
Sox I-ORG
are O
two O
games O
over O
.500 O
for O
the O
first O
time O
this O
season O
. O

In O
Chicago B-LOC
, O
Cal B-PER
Eldred I-PER
pitched O
5-1/3 O
scoreless O
innings O
and O
John B-PER
Jaha I-PER
scored O
one O
run O
and O
doubled O
in O
another O
as O
the O
Milwaukee B-ORG
Brewers I-ORG
held O
off O
the O
slumping O
Chicago B-ORG
White I-ORG
Sox I-ORG
, O
3-2 O
. O

Eldred O
( O
6-5 O
) O
walked O
one O
and O
struck O
out O
three O
. O

Angel B-PER
Miranda I-PER
retired O
one O
batter O
and O
Bob B-PER
Wickman I-PER
retired O
the O
next O
four O
but O
loaded O
the O
bases O
in O
the O
eighth O
. O

In O
Detroit B-LOC
, O
Jim B-PER
Thome I-PER
's O
solo O
homer O
in O
the O
ninth O
inning O
snapped O
a O
tie O
and O
Charles B-PER
Nagy I-PER
pitched O
a O
three-hitter O
for O
his O
first O
win O
in O
over O
a O
month O
, O
leading O
the O
Cleveland B-ORG
Indians I-ORG
to O
their O
11th O
straight O
victory O
over O
the O
Detroit B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
, O
2-1 O
. O

With O
the O
score O
tied O
1-1 O
in O
the O
ninth O
, O
Thome O
hit O
a O
2-2 O
pitch O
from O
starter O
Felipe B-PER
Lira I-PER
( O
6-11 O
) O
over O
the O
left-field O
fence O
for O
his O
29th O
homer O
. O

In O
Toronto B-LOC
, O
Juan B-PER
Guzman I-PER
allowed O
three O
runs O
over O
seven O
innings O
to O
make O
homers O
by O
Joe B-PER
Carter I-PER
and O
Carlos B-PER
Delgado I-PER
stand O
up O
as O
the O
surging O
Toronto B-ORG
Blue I-ORG
Jays I-ORG
held O
off O
the O
Minnesota B-ORG
Twins I-ORG
, O
5-3 O
. O

Toronto B-LOC
returned O
home O
from O
a O
10-game O
road O
trip O
and O
won O
for O
the O
eighth O
time O
in O
nine O
games O
as O
Guzman B-PER
( O
11-8 O
) O
allowed O
nine O
hits O
and O
struck O
out O
eight O
without O
a O
walk O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
MONDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC
games O

played O
on O
Monday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

Cleveland B-ORG
2 O
DETROIT B-ORG
1 O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
12 O
Oakland B-ORG
11 O
( O
10 O
innings O
) O

TORONTO B-ORG
5 O
Minnesota B-ORG
3 O

Milwaukee B-ORG
3 O
CHICAGO B-ORG
2 O

Boston B-ORG
4 O
CALIFORNIA B-ORG
1 O

SEATTLE B-ORG
2 O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
1 O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
1 O
Philadelphia B-ORG
0 O

St B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
3 O
HOUSTON B-ORG
2 O

COLORADO B-ORG
9 O
Cincinnati B-ORG
5 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
CHANG B-PER
, O
WASHINGTON B-LOC
ADVANCE O
, O
TWO O
WOMEN O
'S O
SEEDS O
FALL O
. O

Larry B-PER
Fine I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Michael B-PER
Chang I-PER
is O
playing O
in O
his O
10th O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
and O
enjoying O
his O
highest O
seeding O
ever O
, O
but O
the O
24-year-old O
American B-MISC
had O
to O
overcome O
a O
case O
of O
the O
jitters O
Monday O
before O
winning O
his O
first-round O
match O
on O
opening O
day O
. O

Chang B-PER
, O
seeded O
second O
behind O
defending O
champion O
Pete B-PER
Sampras I-PER
, O
took O
two O
hours O
40 O
minutes O
to O
defeat O
186th-ranked O
Jaime B-PER
Oncins I-PER
of O
Brazil B-LOC
3-6 O
6-1 O
6-0 O
7-6 O
, O
8-6 O
in O
the O
tiebreaker O
. O

" O
I O
was O
pretty O
tight O
the O
whole O
match O
, O
" O
conceded O
Chang B-PER
, O
one O
of O
the O
hottest O
players O
on O
tour O
this O
summer O
with O
a O
16-2 O
record O
on O
hardcourts O
that O
included O
two O
titles O
and O
a O
runner-up O
finish O
. O

" O
Everyone O
has O
moments O
when O
they O
get O
tight O
. O

Hopefully O
, O
this O
will O
have O
been O
my O
nerves O
for O
the O
whole O
tournament O
. O
" O

Joining O
Chang B-PER
into O
the O
second O
round O
was O
Wimbledon B-MISC
runner-up O
MaliVai B-PER
Washington I-PER
, O
the O
11th O
seed O
, O
who O
also O
needed O
four O
sets O
to O
get O
past O
talented O
Moroccan B-MISC
Karim B-PER
Alami I-PER
6-4 O
2-6 O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O
6-1 O
. O

Washington B-PER
's O
win O
was O
not O
comfortable O
, O
either O
. O

The O
27-year-old O
American B-MISC
hurried O
off O
the O
Stadium B-LOC
Court I-LOC
for O
treatment O
of O
an O
upset O
stomach O
after O
his O
two O
and O
a O
half O
hour O
struggle O
against O
Alami B-PER
. O

" O
Towards O
the O
end O
of O
my O
match O
my O
stomach O
felt O
like O
week-old O
sushi O
, O
" O
said O
Washington B-LOC
. O
" O

Maybe O
it O
was O
a O
combination O
of O
the O
heat O
and O
something O
I O
ate O
. O
" O

Chang B-PER
and O
Washington B-PER
were O
the O
only O
men O
's O
seeds O
in O
action O
on O
a O
day O
that O
saw O
two O
seeded O
women O
's O
players O
fall O
. O

Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
runner-up O
Anke B-PER
Huber I-PER
of O
Germany B-LOC
, O
the O
sixth O
seed O
, O
was O
undone O
by O
an O
unlucky O
draw O
that O
put O
her O
against O
17th O
ranked O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
Amanda B-PER
Coetzer I-PER
in O
her O
opening O
match O
. O

Coetzer B-PER
claimed O
revenge O
for O
the O
semifinal O
defeat O
she O
suffered O
to O
Huber B-PER
in O
Melbourne B-LOC
by O
taking O
a O
6-1 O
2-6 O
6-2 O
victory O
. O

Last O
year O
's O
Wimbledon B-MISC
junior O
champion O
, O
Aleksandra B-PER
Olsza I-PER
of O
Poland B-LOC
, O
removed O
another O
seed O
from O
the O
draw O
by O
eliminating O
number O
12 O
Magdalena B-PER
Maleeva I-PER
of O
Bulgaria B-LOC
6-4 O
6-2 O
. O

Other O
men O
's O
winners O
included O
a O
pair O
of O
former O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
tournament O
champions O
whose O
victories O
set O
up O
a O
showdown O
in O
the O
second O
round O
. O

Germany B-LOC
's O
Michael B-PER
Stich I-PER
, O
the O
1991 O
Wimbledon B-MISC
champion O
, O
and O
two-time O
French B-MISC
Open I-MISC
winner O
Sergi B-PER
Bruguera I-PER
of O
Spain B-LOC
will O
face O
each O
other O
next O
after O
beating O
German B-MISC
Tommy B-PER
Haas I-PER
6-3 O
1-6 O
6-1 O
7-5 O
, O
and O
Belgian B-MISC
Kris B-PER
Goossens I-PER
6-2 O
6-0 O
7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O
, O
respectively O
. O

Alex B-PER
O'Brien I-PER
, O
who O
scored O
his O
first O
professional O
title O
eight O
days O
ago O
in O
New B-LOC
Haven I-LOC
, O
advanced O
to O
the O
second O
round O
with O
a O
6-4 O
1-6 O
6-4 O
6-3 O
win O
over O
Ecuador B-LOC
's O
Nicolas B-PER
Lapentti I-PER
. O

Wimbledon B-MISC
bad O
boy O
Jeff B-PER
Tarango I-PER
caught O
a O
break O
Monday O
when O
he O
advanced O
after O
the O
retirement O
of O
German B-MISC
Alex B-PER
Radulescu I-PER
due O
to O
heat O
exhaustion O
. O

Tarango B-PER
was O
leading O
6-7 O
( O
5-7 O
) O
6-4 O
6-1 O
3-1 O
. O

Chang B-PER
blamed O
breezy O
conditions O
for O
some O
of O
the O
erratic O
play O
in O
his O
match O
with O
Oncins B-PER
, O
who O
had O
beaten O
him O
in O
the O
round O
of O
32 O
at O
the O
1992 O
Barcelona B-LOC
Olympics B-MISC
. O

Chang B-PER
committed O
an O
untidy O
53 O
unforced O
errors O
, O
though O
he O
made O
seven O
fewer O
than O
the O
Brazilian B-MISC
, O
who O
also O
walloped O
a O
woeful O
24 O
double O
faults O
. O

The O
most O
deflating O
double O
fault O
came O
when O
Oncins B-PER
was O
serving O
to O
force O
a O
fifth O
set O
, O
leading O
6-4 O
in O
the O
tiebreaker O
. O

The O
set O
point O
came O
after O
confusion O
at O
the O
net O
on O
the O
point O
previous O
, O
which O
was O
awarded O
to O
Oncins B-PER
after O
the O
two O
exchanged O
shots O
at O
close O
quarters O
at O
the O
net O
. O

First O
Chang B-PER
approached O
the O
umpire O
, O
then O
Oncins B-PER
, O
then O
Chang B-PER
again O
before O
play O
finally O
resumed O
. O

" O
Those O
little O
seconds O
were O
like O
an O
hour O
to O
me O
, O
" O
said O
Oncins B-PER
, O
who O
promptly O
fired O
two O
serves O
barely O
contained O
by O
the O
baseline O
as O
he O
frittered O
away O
his O
best O
chance O
. O

Chang B-PER
ran O
off O
the O
next O
three O
points O
to O
close O
out O
the O
match O
but O
for O
Oncins B-PER
, O
the O
contest O
was O
a O
personal O
victory O
. O

The O
26-year-old O
Brazilian B-MISC
had O
risen O
into O
the O
top O
30 O
in O
1992 O
. O

The O
next O
year O
a O
close O
friend O
was O
struck O
by O
a O
stray O
bullet O
while O
riding O
home O
in O
a O
car O
from O
a O
soccer O
game O
in O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
. O

He O
died O
slumped O
against O
Oncins B-PER
, O
who O
subsequently O
lost O
interest O
in O
tennis O
. O

" O
Two O
months O
ago O
I O
started O
talking O
about O
quitting O
, O
" O
said O
Oncins B-PER
, O
who O
decided O
to O
give O
it O
one O
last O
try O
and O
made O
it O
through O
the O
Open B-MISC
qualifying O
tournament O
last O
weekend O
. O

" O
I O
believe O
in O
my O
game O
again O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

At O
the O
end O
of O
the O
day O
, O
a O
spate O
of O
withdrawals O
from O
the O
tournament O
were O
announced O
. O

Eighth O
seed O
Jim B-PER
Courier I-PER
withdrew O
because O
of O
a O
bruised O
right O
knee O
, O
and O
1988 O
Open B-MISC
champion O
Mats B-PER
Wilander I-PER
bowed O
out O
due O
to O
a O
groin O
pull O
, O
organisers O
said O
. O

Women O
's O
ninth O
seed O
Mary B-PER
Joe I-PER
Fernandez I-PER
pulled O
out O
because O
of O
tendinitis O
in O
her O
right O
wrist O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARY O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Summary O
of O
a O
French B-MISC
first O
division O
soccer O
match O
on O
Tuesday O
: O

Auxerre B-ORG
0 O
Marseille B-ORG
0 O
. O

Attendance O
: O
20,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
MARSEILLE B-ORG
HOLD O
AUXERRE B-ORG
TO O
GOALLESS O
DRAW O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Former O
European B-MISC
champions O
Marseille B-ORG
held O
French B-MISC
champions O
Auxerre B-ORG
to O
a O
goalless O
draw O
in O
a O
lacklustre O
league O
match O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
bill O
looked O
promising O
but O
both O
sides O
, O
struggling O
to O
find O
their O
form O
early O
in O
the O
season O
, O
were O
disappointing O
. O

Auxerre B-ORG
, O
who O
start O
their O
European B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
campaign O
next O
week O
against O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
, O
dominated O
the O
match O
but O
were O
unable O
to O
score O
. O

Unbeaten O
in O
four O
matches O
, O
they O
still O
trail O
leaders O
Lens B-ORG
by O
one O
point O
. O

Lens B-ORG
, O
who O
have O
won O
all O
their O
three O
league O
matches O
so O
far O
, O
host O
Montpellier B-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
night O
. O

Despite O
another O
dismal O
performance O
, O
especially O
in O
defence O
, O
Marseille B-ORG
restored O
some O
pride O
by O
keeping O
the O
reigning O
champions O
at O
bay O
after O
losing O
2-1 O
at O
home O
to O
Metz B-ORG
last O
Saturday O
. O

After O
two O
seasons O
in O
the O
second O
division O
and O
after O
taking O
on O
half O
a O
dozen O
new O
recruits O
this O
season O
, O
some O
of O
whom O
do O
not O
speak O
a O
word O
of O
French B-MISC
, O
Marseille B-ORG
are O
not O
playing O
with O
any O
fluidity O
. O

But O
German B-MISC
international O
goalkeeper O
Andreas B-PER
Koepke I-PER
again O
proved O
a O
sound O
investment O
when O
under O
pressure O
from O
the O
Auxerre B-ORG
strikers O
, O
saving O
his O
team O
with O
a O
number O
of O
fine O
parries O
. O

Marseille B-ORG
now O
lie O
seventh O
in O
the O
league O
on O
five O
points O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULT O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Result O
of O
a O
French B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Tuesday O
: O

Auxerre B-ORG
0 O
Marseille B-ORG
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARIES O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Summaries O
of O
Bundesliga B-MISC
matches O

played O
on O
Tuesday O
: O

Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
3 O
( O
Riedle B-PER
8th O
minute O
, O
Heinrich B-PER
29th O
, O

Tretschok B-PER
77th O
) O
Freiburg B-ORG
1 O
( O
Decheiver B-PER
51st O
penalty O
) O
. O

Halftime O

2-0 O
. O

Attendance O
48,800 O
. O

Hamburg B-ORG
0 O
VfB B-ORG
Stuttgart I-ORG
4 O
( O
Balakov B-PER
29th O
, O
Bobic B-PER
47th O
and O
60th O
, O

Hagner B-PER
85th O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

31,139 O
. O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
1 O
( O
Schulz B-PER
31st O
) O
Borussia B-ORG
Moenchengladbach I-ORG
0 O
. O

1-0 O
. O

24,800 O
. O

Schalke B-ORG
1 O
( O
Thon B-PER
2nd O
) O
Bochum B-ORG
1 O
( O
Donkow B-PER
86th O
) O
. O

1-0 O
. O

33,230 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Results O
of O
Bundesliga B-MISC
matches O

played O
on O
Tuesday O
: O

Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
3 O
Freiburg B-ORG
1 O

Hamburg B-ORG
0 O
VfB B-ORG
Stuttgart I-ORG
4 O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
1 O
Borussia B-ORG
Moenchengladbach I-ORG
0 O

Schalke B-ORG
1 O
Bochum B-ORG
1 O

Bundesliga B-MISC
standings O
after O
Tuesday O
's O
games O
( O
tabulate O
under O

played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

VfB B-ORG
Stuttgart I-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
10 O
1 O
9 O

Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
12 O
6 O
9 O

Cologne B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
7 O
1 O
9 O

Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
7 O
2 O
7 O

Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
4 O
6 O

VfL B-ORG
Bochum I-ORG
4 O
1 O
3 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Hamburg B-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
7 O
7 O
6 O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
4 O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
7 O
4 O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
4 O

1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

Schalke B-ORG
4 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
5 O
9 O
3 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Duesseldorf I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
7 O
3 O

Freiburg B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
6 O
13 O
3 O

Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
2 O

Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Borussia B-ORG
Moenchengladbach I-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
2 O

MSV B-ORG
Duisburg I-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
8 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARY O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O
summary O
on O

Tuesday O
: O

Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
2 O
( O
Jeffrey B-PER
7 O
, O
Roest B-PER
33 O
) O
Heerenveen B-ORG
4 O
( O
Korneev B-PER

15 O
, O
Hansma B-PER
24 O
, O
Wouden B-PER
70 O
, O
90 O
) O
. O

Halftime O
2-2 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULT O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Result O
of O
a O
Dutch B-MISC
first O

division O
soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Tuesday O
: O

Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
2 O
Heerenveen B-ORG
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

ICE O
HOCKEY O
- O
FINLAND B-LOC
BEAT O
CZECH B-LOC
REPUBLIC I-LOC
IN O
WORLD B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
MATCH O
. O

HELSINKI B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Finland B-LOC
beat O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC

7-3 O
( O
period O
scores O
4-1 O
1-1 O
2-1 O
) O
in O
their O
ice O
hockey O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O

European B-MISC
group O
match O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Finland B-LOC
- O
Ville B-PER
Peltonen I-PER
( O
10th O
minute O
) O
, O
Juha B-PER
Ylonen I-PER
( O
10th O
) O
, O

Teemu B-PER
Selanne I-PER
( O
11th O
) O
, O
Jyrki B-PER
Lumme I-PER
( O
13th O
and O
51st O
) O
, O
Janne B-PER
Ojanen I-PER

( O
23rd O
) O
, O
Christian B-PER
Ruuttu I-PER
( O
45th O
) O

Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
- O
Radek B-PER
Bonk I-PER
( O
7th O
) O
, O
Robert B-PER
Reichel I-PER
( O
33rd O
, O

penalty O
) O
, O
Jiri B-PER
Dopita I-PER
( O
57th O
) O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Sweden B-LOC
1 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
6 O
1 O
2 O

Finland B-LOC
1 O
1 O
0 O
0 O
7 O
3 O
2 O

Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
1 O
0 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
7 O
0 O

Germany B-LOC
1 O
0 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
NEUCHATEL B-ORG
TO O
APPEAL O
AGAINST O
CYPRIEN B-PER
'S O
NINE-MONTH O
BAN O
. O

GENEVA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Swiss B-MISC
league O
leaders O
Neuchatel B-ORG
Xamax I-ORG
said O
on O
Tuesday O
they O
would O
appeal O
against O
a O
nine-month O
ban O
imposed O
on O
French B-MISC
international O
defender O
Jean-Pierre B-PER
Cyprien I-PER
for O
his O
part O
in O
a O
post-match O
brawl O
. O

Cyprien B-PER
, O
also O
fined O
10,000 O
Swiss B-MISC
francs O
( O
$ O
8,400 O
) O
, O
traded O
punches O
with O
St B-ORG
Gallen I-ORG
's O
Brazilian B-MISC
player O
Claudio B-PER
Moura I-PER
after O
a O
match O
on O
Saturday O
. O

When O
officials O
and O
coaching O
staff O
tried O
to O
intervene O
, O
Cyprien B-PER
launched O
a O
flying O
kick O
at O
Moura B-PER
, O
but O
only O
succeeded O
in O
kneeing O
St B-ORG
Gallen I-ORG
coach O
Roger B-PER
Hegi I-PER
in O
the O
stomach O
. O

Moura B-PER
, O
who O
appeared O
to O
have O
elbowed O
Cyprien B-PER
in O
the O
final O
minutes O
of O
the O
3-0 O
win O
by O
Neuchatel B-ORG
, O
was O
suspended O
for O
seven O
matches O
and O
fined O
1,000 O
francs O
( O
$ O
840 O
) O
by O
the O
Swiss B-MISC
league O
disciplinary O
committee O
. O

Club O
president O
Gilbert B-PER
Facchinetti I-PER
said O
he O
was O
astonished O
the O
committee O
had O
arrived O
at O
its O
decision O
so O
quickly O
and O
vowed O
the O
club O
would O
appeal O
. O

Neuchatel B-ORG
coach O
Gilbert B-PER
Gress I-PER
described O
the O
incident O
as O
" O
shocking O
" O
, O
but O
said O
Moura B-PER
was O
also O
to O
blame O
. O

" O
Moura B-PER
physically O
and O
verbally O
provoked O
Cyprien B-PER
during O
the O
match O
. O

The O
referee O
could O
not O
have O
seen O
it O
or O
he O
would O
have O
punished O
him O
, O
" O
Gress B-PER
said O
. O

" O
During O
the O
scuffle O
, O
Moura B-PER
threw O
the O
first O
punch O
. O

Tomorrow O
, O
if O
someone O
punches O
me O
, O
I O
would O
not O
know O
how O
to O
react O
. O
" O

Cyprien B-PER
, O
who O
won O
his O
one O
French B-MISC
cap O
against O
Italy B-LOC
in O
February O
1994 O
, O
cannot O
play O
in O
Switzerland B-LOC
or O
elsewhere O
until O
May O
next O
year O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
BUGNO B-PER
CLEARED O
OF O
DOPING O
. O

MILAN B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Veteran O
Italian B-MISC
Gianni B-PER
Bugno I-PER
has O
been O
cleared O
of O
doping O
after O
testing O
positive O
for O
high O
levels O
of O
testosterone O
during O
the O
Tour B-MISC
of I-MISC
Switzerland I-MISC
in O
June O
, O
the O
Italian B-MISC
cycling O
federation O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

" O
He O
has O
been O
cleared O
. O

The O
case O
is O
closed O
, O
" O
a O
spokesman O
said O
. O

Bugno B-PER
tested O
positive O
for O
the O
banned O
hormone O
after O
the O
fifth O
stage O
of O
the O
Tour B-MISC
, O
in O
which O
he O
finished O
third O
overall O
. O

But O
the O
spokesman O
said O
subsequent O
tests O
in O
Cologne B-LOC
proved O
his O
body O
produced O
higher-than-average O
testosterone O
levels O
naturally O
. O

Bugno B-PER
, O
who O
won O
the O
Giro B-MISC
d'Italia I-MISC
in O
1990 O
and O
two O
successive O
world O
titles O
, O
was O
banned O
for O
three O
months O
in O
1994 O
after O
testing O
positive O
for O
the O
stimulant O
caffeine O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
COLONNA B-PER
WINS O
FIRST O
STAGE O
OF O
TOUR B-MISC
OF I-MISC
NETHERLANDS I-MISC
. O

HAARLEM B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Leading O
results O
and O
overall O
standings O
after O
the O
161 O
kilometre O
first O
stage O
of O
the O
Tour B-MISC
of I-MISC
the I-MISC
Netherlands I-MISC
between O
Gouda B-LOC
and O
Haarlem B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
. O

1. O
Federico B-PER
Colonna I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Mapei B-ORG
three O
hours O
43 O
mins O
five O
secs O

2. O
Robbie B-PER
McEwen I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG

3. O
Jans B-PER
Koerts I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Palmans B-ORG

4. O
Sven B-PER
Teutenberg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
US B-ORG
Postal I-ORG

5. O
Tom B-PER
Steels I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Mapei B-ORG

6. O
Endrio B-PER
Leoni I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Aki B-PER

7. O
Johan B-PER
Capiot I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Collstrop B-ORG

8. O
John B-PER
den I-PER
Braber I-PER
( O
Neths B-LOC
) O
Collstrop B-ORG

9. O
Jeroen B-PER
Blijlevens I-PER
( O
Neths B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG

10. O
Michael B-PER
van I-PER
der I-PER
Wolf I-PER
( O
Neths B-LOC
) O
Foreldorado B-ORG
all O
same O
time O
. O

Leading O
overall O
standings O
after O
first O
stage O
. O

1. O
Colonna B-PER
three O
hours O
42 O
mins O
55 O
seconds O

2. O
McEwen B-PER
0:04 O
seconds O
behind O

3. O
Koerts B-PER
0:06 O

4. O
Gianluca B-PER
Corini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Aki B-ORG
0:07 O

5. O
Wim B-PER
Omloop I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Collstrop B-ORG
same O
time O

6. O
Lance B-PER
Armstrong I-PER
( O
USA B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
0:08 O

7. O
Tristan B-PER
Hoffman I-PER
( O
Neths B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG
same O
time O

8. O
George B-PER
Hincapie I-PER
( O
USA B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
0:09 O

9. O
John B-PER
Talen I-PER
( O
Neths B-LOC
) O
Foreldorado B-ORG
same O
time O

10. O
Teutenberg B-PER
0:10 O

-DOCSTART- O

COFINEC B-ORG
SLIPS O
ON O
BUDAPEST B-LOC
BOURSE O
BUT O
FUTURE O
STRONG O
. O

Emese B-PER
Bartha I-PER

BUDAPEST B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Expectations O
that O
Cofinec B-ORG
S.A. I-ORG
, O
the O
Hungarian B-MISC
bourse O
's O
first O
foreign O
listing O
, O
will O
report O
a O
disappointing O
first O
half O
have O
depressed O
the O
stock O
below O
its O
issue O
price O
, O
but O
analysts O
expect O
a O
rebound O
in O
the O
long O
term O
. O

" O
The O
first O
half O
of O
the O
year O
is O
unlikely O
to O
be O
as O
strong O
as O
expected O
so O
the O
company O
will O
probably O
be O
unable O
to O
reach O
its O
annual O
plan O
in O
1996 O
, O
" O
said O
Gabor B-PER
Sitanyi I-PER
, O
a O
London-based O
analyst O
for O
ING B-ORG
Barings I-ORG
. O

The O
French-registered B-MISC
packaging O
materials O
company O
, O
which O
floated O
its O
shares O
in O
Hungary B-LOC
in O
July O
, O
for O
most O
of O
the O
past O
two O
weeks O
hovered O
below O
the O
6,425 O
forints O
/ O
Global O
Depositary O
Receipts O
price O
of O
its O
initial O
offering O
, O
which O
was O
oversubscribed O
. O

The O
company O
, O
which O
asked O
for O
a O
two-week O
delay O
from O
the O
usual O
August O
15 O
deadline O
for O
reporting O
first-half O
results O
, O
closed O
on O
Tuesday O
at O
5,800 O
forints O
, O
down O
300 O
. O

" O
Cofinec B-ORG
's O
first-half O
figures O
will O
be O
... O

between O
one-third O
of O
two-fifths O
of O
its O
annual O
plan O
, O
" O
said O
Tamas B-PER
Erdei I-PER
, O
a O
Budapest-based B-MISC
analyst O
for O
ABN-AMRO B-ORG
Hoare I-ORG
Govett I-ORG
. O

Analysts O
blame O
, O
at O
least O
partly O
, O
Hungary B-LOC
's O
macroeconomic O
environment O
for O
the O
weaker O
figures O
for O
Cofinec B-ORG
which O
, O
operating O
in O
Hungary B-LOC
, O
Poland B-LOC
and O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
, O
now O
generates O
about O
55 O
to O
60 O
percent O
of O
its O
annual O
sales O
from O
Hungary B-LOC
. O

Hungary B-LOC
's O
Gross O
Domestic O
Product O
fell O
one O
percentage O
point O
in O
the O
first O
quarter O
while O
real O
wages O
plunged O
7.2 O
percentage O
points O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
1996 O
. O

Both O
will O
have O
their O
impact O
on O
Cofinec B-ORG
's O
figures O
, O
the O
analysts O
said O
. O

Despite O
the O
current O
difficulties O
, O
however O
, O
analysts O
were O
convinced O
that O
Cofinec B-ORG
's O
outlook O
was O
strong O
. O

" O
The O
eastern O
European B-MISC
market O
offers O
good O
chances O
, O
" O
said O
Erdei B-PER
. O
" O

Just O
like O
many O
other O
companies O
on O
the O
bourse O
, O
Cofinec B-ORG
has O
big O
growth O
opportunities O
. O
" O

" O
At O
the O
same O
time O
, O
it O
's O
an O
advantage O
for O
Cofinec B-ORG
that O
it O
has O
a O
foreign O
management O
which O
perhaps O
understands O
the O
market O
better O
, O
" O
Erdei B-PER
added O
. O

" O
Cofinec B-ORG
is O
a O
very O
good O
story O
in O
the O
long-term O
as O
the O
per O
capita O
packaging O
consumption O
is O
still O
so O
low O
in O
east O
Europe B-LOC
that O
a O
very O
strong O
increase O
can O
be O
expected O
( O
long-term O
) O
, O
" O
Sitanyi B-PER
said O
, O
saying O
that O
several O
recent O
moves O
by O
Cofinec B-ORG
boosted O
its O
position O
. O

Among O
them O
, O
he O
noted O
that O
Cofinec B-ORG
had O
acquired O
the O
outstanding O
stake O
in O
its O
Czech B-MISC
folding O
company O
Krpaco B-ORG
a.s. I-ORG
, O
increasing O
its O
ownership O
to O
100 O
percent O
, O
so O
in O
the O
second O
half O
the O
whole O
of O
Krpaco B-ORG
's O
figures O
will O
be O
consolidated O
. O

The O
company O
also O
repaid O
some O
$ O
21 O
million O
of O
debt O
, O
well O
above O
the O
originally O
planned O
$ O
8 O
million O
to O
$ O
9 O
million O
. O

In O
addition O
, O
its O
Polish B-MISC
operation O
began O
with O
some O
six O
weeks O
of O
delay O
due O
to O
cold O
winter O
weather O
and O
the O
test O
run O
was O
also O
longer O
than O
planned O
. O

-- O
Budapest B-LOC
newsroom O
( O
36 O
1 O
) O
266 O
2410 O

-DOCSTART- O

DIRECT O
EQUITY O
TRADES O
ON O
THE O
CZECH B-MISC
PSE B-ORG
- O
AUG O
27 O
. O

PRAGUE B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
following O
is O
a O
list O
of O

direct O
equity O
trades O
made O
on O
the O
Prague B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
: O

ISSUE O
Min O
. O

Price O
Max O
. O

Price O
Volume O
Turnover O

( O
CZK O
) O
( O
CZK O
) O
( O
shares O
) O
( O
CZK O
000 O
's O
) O

AGROTONZ B-ORG
TLUMACOV I-ORG
336.47 O
336.47 O
59440 O
19999.777 O

AVIA B-ORG
290.00 O
290.00 O
700 O
203.000 O

BARUM B-ORG
HOLDING I-ORG
171.00 O
171.00 O
14432 O
2467.872 O

CESKA B-ORG
SPORITELNA I-ORG
335.00 O
375.00 O
533153 O
198354.941 O

CKD B-ORG
PRAHA I-ORG
HOLDING I-ORG
369.66 O
384.00 O
5565 O
2065.260 O

EMKAM B-ORG
25.00 O
25.00 O
34684 O
867.100 O

KABLO B-ORG
KLADNO I-ORG
960.00 O
960.00 O
2230 O
2140.800 O

KOMERCNI B-ORG
BANKA I-ORG
2320.00 O
2370.00 O
7000 O
16408.700 O

LECIVA B-ORG
PRAHA I-ORG
2470.00 O
2470.00 O
1360 O
3359.200 O

METROSTAV B-ORG
3024.95 O
3024.95 O
3000 O
9074.850 O

MORAV.CHEMIC. B-ORG
ZAV I-ORG
. O

637.50 O
637.50 O
1626 O
1036.575 O

OKD B-ORG
111.50 O
112.56 O
95975 O
10752.092 O

PF B-ORG
IKS I-ORG
KB I-ORG
PLUS I-ORG
156.00 O
156.00 O
6000 O
936.000 O

RIF B-ORG
900.00 O
900.00 O
5500 O
4950.000 O

SELIKO B-ORG
4000.00 O
20000.00 O
3565 O
32607.500 O

SOKOLOVSKA B-ORG
UHELNA I-ORG
785.00 O
785.00 O
6000 O
4710.000 O

SPIF B-ORG
CESKY I-ORG
339.00 O
340.00 O
7546 O
2562.094 O

SPT B-ORG
TELECOM I-ORG
3355.00 O
3404.71 O
10700 O
36337.137 O

SKODA B-ORG
PLZEN I-ORG
1045.56 O
1060.00 O
10772 O
11361.330 O

TABAK B-ORG
6700.00 O
6700.00 O
1000 O
6700.000 O

TRINECKE B-ORG
ZELEZARNY I-ORG
210.00 O
210.00 O
3000 O
630.000 O

VODNI B-ORG
STAVBY I-ORG
PRAHA I-ORG
1915.00 O
1915.00 O
2000 O
3830.000 O

-- O
Prague B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
42-2-2423-0003 O

-DOCSTART- O

AFTER O
THE O
BELL O
- O
After O
hours O
slows O
in O
light O
volume O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Traders O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
after-hours O
activity O
was O
light O
. O

Both O
WorldCom B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
and O
MFS B-ORG
Communications I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
were O
trading O
but O
they O
moved O
in O
line O
with O
their O
close O
. O

WorldCom B-ORG
, O
which O
said O
it O
will O
buy O
MFS B-ORG
, O
shed O
1-3/4 O
to O
close O
at O
21 O
while O
MFS B-ORG
lost O
3-8/16 O
to O
close O
at O
41-5/16 O
. O

The O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
said O
its O
session O
one O
volume O
was O
5,700 O
shares O
compared O
to O
53,400 O
shares O
Monday O
. O

Session O
two O
volume O
was O
4,153,800 O
shares O
compared O
to O
no O
volume O
Monday O
. O

The O
American B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
said O
there O
was O
no O
after-hours O
activity O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CBOE B-ORG
in O
routine O
review O
of O
MFS B-ORG
options O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
Chicago B-ORG
Board I-ORG
Options I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
( O
CBOE B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
it O
was O
doing O
a O
routine O
investigation O
into O
trading O
in O
options O
on O
MFS B-ORG
Communications I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
shares O
. O

On O
Monday O
, O
the O
company O
said O
it O
had O
agreed O
to O
be O
acquired O
by O
WorldCom B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
in O
a O
deal O
valued O
at O
$ O
14 O
billion O
. O

MFS B-ORG
shares O
surged O
on O
the O
news O
while O
WorldCom B-ORG
fell O
on O
fears O
of O
dilution O
. O

The B-ORG
New I-ORG
York I-ORG
Times I-ORG
said O
on O
Tuesday O
some O
of O
the O
options O
trading O
in O
MFS B-ORG
last O
Friday O
may O
suggest O
insider O
trading O
. O

MFS B-ORG
options O
also O
trade O
on O
the O
American B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
and O
the O
Pacific B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
. O

A O
spokesman O
for O
the O
American B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
would O
neither O
confirm O
or O
deny O
whether O
the O
exchange O
was O
looking O
into O
trading O
. O

" O
If O
there O
is O
unusual O
activity O
, O
certainly O
we O
look O
at O
it O
, O
but O
that O
's O
not O
to O
say O
we O
're O
doing O
anything O
official O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Pacific B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
officials O
were O
not O
available O
. O

One O
trader O
said O
trading O
in O
MFS B-ORG
options O
had O
increased O
steadily O
from O
about O
mid-August O
, O
and O
doubted O
whether O
any O
of O
last O
Friday O
's O
activity O
was O
insider O
trading O
. O

- O
Derivatives O
desk O
, O
312 O
408-8750 O
/ O
E-mail O
: O
derivatives@reuters.com O

-DOCSTART- O

Faulding B-ORG
target O
of O
patent O
lawsuit O
. O

ELIZABETH B-LOC
, O
N.J. B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Faulding B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
on O
Tuesday O
Purdue B-ORG
Frederick I-ORG
Co I-ORG
filed O
a O
patent O
infringement O
lawsuit O
against O
Faulding B-ORG
and O
its O
Purepac B-ORG
Pharamceutical I-ORG
unit O
. O

The O
suit O
was O
filed O
because O
of O
Purepac B-ORG
's O
manufacture O
of O
Kadian B-MISC
, O
a O
sustained O
release O
morphine O
product O
, O
Faulding B-ORG
said O
. O

Faulding B-ORG
said O
the O
claims O
in O
the O
lawsuit O
are O
without O
merit O
and O
will O
not O
impact O
upon O
the O
launch O
of O
Kadian B-MISC
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

Kadian B-MISC
was O
approved O
for O
sale O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
last O
month O
, O
Faulding B-ORG
said O
. O

Zeneca B-ORG
Group I-ORG
Plc I-ORG
, O
which O
will O
market O
Kadian B-MISC
, O
was O
named O
in O
the O
lawsuit O
with O
F.H. B-ORG
Faulding I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
, O
the O
majority O
shareholder O
of O
Faulding B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
the O
company O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

McGrath B-PER
left O
out O
of O
Ireland B-LOC
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
squad O
. O

DUBLIN B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Ireland B-LOC
's O
most O
experienced O
player O
, O
defender O
Paul B-PER
McGrath I-PER
, O
was O
left O
out O
of O
the O
national O
squad O
for O
the O
first O
time O
in O
11 O
years O
on O
Tuesday O
when O
new O
manager O
Mick B-PER
McCarthy I-PER
named O
his O
side O
to O
face O
Liechtenstein B-LOC
in O
a O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifier O
. O

The O
36-year-old O
Aston B-ORG
Villa I-ORG
player O
won O
the O
last O
of O
his O
Irish B-MISC
record O
of O
82 O
international O
caps O
against O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
in O
Prague B-LOC
in O
April O
. O

" O
Paul B-PER
accepted O
the O
situation O
. O

He O
has O
n't O
played O
any O
first-team O
games O
for O
Villa B-PER
this O
season O
and O
he O
's O
not O
the O
type O
of O
player O
I O
would O
have O
brought O
on O
as O
a O
substitute O
, O
" O
McCarthy B-PER
said O
. O
" O

But O
he O
surprised O
me O
in O
training O
over O
the O
last O
two O
days O
because O
of O
his O
involvement O
. O

He O
's O
certainly O
is O
still O
very O
much O
part O
of O
my O
plans O
for O
the O
future O
. O

" O
At O
24 O
, O
25 O
or O
26 O
you O
could O
get O
away O
with O
it O
, O
not O
having O
played O
first-team O
games O
. O

But O
at O
36 O
it O
would O
be O
asking O
too O
much O
of O
Paul B-PER
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Also O
omitted O
from O
the O
20-man O
squad O
which O
will O
travel O
to O
Vaduz B-LOC
for O
Saturday O
's O
group O
eight O
match O
are O
central O
defenders O
Alan B-PER
Kernaghan I-PER
and O
Liam B-PER
Daish I-PER
. O

Leeds B-ORG
United I-ORG
defender O
Gary B-PER
Kelly I-PER
is O
unable O
to O
travel O
because O
of O
a O
knee O
injury O
picked O
up O
in O
Monday O
's O
1-0 O
victory O
over O
Wimbledon B-ORG
at O
Elland B-LOC
Road I-LOC
. O

Since O
taking O
over O
from O
Jack B-PER
Charlton I-PER
in O
February O
, O
McCarthy B-PER
has O
played O
largely O
experimental O
sides O
and O
seen O
them O
lose O
five O
times O
, O
draw O
twice O
and O
win O
just O
once O
. O

Squad O
: O
Alan B-PER
Kelly I-PER
, O
Shay B-PER
Given I-PER
, O
Denis B-PER
Irwin I-PER
, O
Phil B-PER
Babb I-PER
, O
Jeff B-PER
Kenna I-PER
, O
Curtis B-PER
Fleming I-PER
, O
Gary B-PER
Breen I-PER
, O
Ian B-PER
Harte I-PER
, O
Kenny B-PER
Cunningham I-PER
, O
Steve B-PER
Staunton I-PER
, O
Andy B-PER
Townsend I-PER
, O
Ray B-PER
Houghton I-PER
, O
Gareth B-PER
Farrelly I-PER
, O
Alan B-PER
McLoughlin I-PER
, O
Jason B-PER
McAteer I-PER
, O
Alan B-PER
Moore I-PER
, O
Keith B-PER
O'Neill I-PER
, O
Tony B-PER
Cascarino I-PER
, O
Niall B-PER
Quinn I-PER
, O
David B-PER
Kelly I-PER
. O

-- O
Dublin B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+6613377 O

-DOCSTART- O

S. B-MISC
African I-MISC
apartheid O
killer O
convicted O
of O
six O
murders O
. O

PRETORIA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

South B-MISC
African I-MISC
apartheid O
killer O
Eugene B-PER
de I-PER
Kock I-PER
was O
found O
guilty O
of O
murder O
and O
attempted O
murder O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
a O
day O
after O
he O
was O
convicted O
of O
five O
other O
murders O
. O

De B-PER
Kock I-PER
, O
48 O
, O
a O
former O
police O
colonel O
who O
commanded O
a O
hit-squad O
that O
wiped O
out O
opponents O
of O
apartheid O
, O
is O
the O
most O
senior O
servant O
of O
white O
rule O
yet O
to O
face O
justice O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Sudanese B-MISC
rebels O
say O
missionaries O
should O
be O
freed O
. O

Peter B-PER
Smerdon I-PER

NAIROBI B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
main O
rebel O
group O
in O
south O
Sudan B-LOC
said O
on O
Tuesday O
it O
was O
trying O
to O
arrange O
the O
release O
of O
six O
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
missionaries O
, O
including O
three O
Australian B-MISC
nuns O
, O
held O
for O
nearly O
two O
weeks O
. O

George B-PER
Garang I-PER
, O
Nairobi B-LOC
spokesman O
for O
the O
Sudan B-ORG
People I-ORG
's I-ORG
Liberation I-ORG
Army I-ORG
( O
SPLA B-ORG
) O
, O
said O
it O
was O
urgently O
trying O
to O
contact O
SPLA B-ORG
commander O
Nuour B-PER
Marial I-PER
at O
Mapourdit B-LOC
in O
the O
south O
to O
free O
the O
six O
. O

" O
The O
movement O
is O
making O
arrangements O
for O
them O
to O
be O
set O
free O
. O

This O
is O
a O
decision O
of O
the O
leadership O
, O
" O
Garang B-PER
said O
. O

" O
Commander O
Nuour B-PER
Marial I-PER
is O
a O
soldier O
so O
he O
must O
accept O
the O
leadership O
's O
decision O
. O

But O
communications O
at O
this O
time O
of O
year O
are O
very O
difficult O
because O
of O
rains O
and O
a O
lack O
of O
power O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

The O
Catholic B-ORG
Information I-ORG
Office I-ORG
in O
Nairobi B-LOC
said O
on O
Monday O
that O
four O
of O
the O
six O
had O
been O
charged O
by O
the O
SPLA B-ORG
with O
spying O
, O
spreading O
Islam B-MISC
and O
hindering O
recruitment O
into O
the O
rebel O
group O
. O

" O
These O
charges O
are O
the O
interpretation O
of O
the O
church O
, O
" O
Garang B-PER
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O
" O

We O
have O
no O
idea O
why O
they O
are O
being O
held O
. O

We O
are O
still O
trying O
to O
establish O
contact O
with O
the O
local O
commander O
. O
" O

Asked O
whether O
this O
meant O
the O
commander O
was O
out O
of O
control O
, O
Garang B-PER
said O
the O
rebel O
movement O
was O
working O
on O
the O
problem O
. O

He O
said O
he O
believed O
all O
six O
were O
being O
held O
in O
the O
mission O
compound O
at O
Mapourdit B-LOC
and O
were O
reported O
to O
be O
in O
good O
health O
. O

The O
Catholic B-ORG
Information I-ORG
office I-ORG
in O
Nairobi B-LOC
said O
on O
Monday O
that O
Australian B-MISC
Sisters O
Moira B-PER
Lynch I-PER
, O
73 O
, O
and O
Mary B-PER
Batchelor I-PER
, O
68 O
, O
American B-MISC
Father O
Michael B-PER
Barton I-PER
, O
48 O
, O
and O
Sudanese B-MISC
Father O
Raphael B-PER
Riel I-PER
, O
48 O
, O
were O
held O
in O
a O
prison O
in O
south O
Sudan B-LOC
by O
the O
SPLA B-ORG
. O

It O
said O
Australian B-MISC
Sister O
Maureen B-PER
Carey I-PER
, O
52 O
, O
and O
Italian B-MISC
Brother O
Raniero B-PER
Iacomella I-PER
, O
28 O
, O
were O
held O
inside O
the O
compound O
. O

The O
church O
in O
Australia B-LOC
said O
on O
Monday O
Lynch B-PER
, O
Batchelor B-PER
, O
Barton B-PER
and O
Riel B-LOC
were O
held O
in O
a O
prison O
until O
the O
weekend O
, O
when O
they O
were O
moved O
to O
join O
the O
other O
captives O
at O
the O
compound O
. O

The O
Catholic B-ORG
Information I-ORG
Office I-ORG
said O
the O
SPLA B-ORG
in O
the O
Kenyan B-MISC
capital O
had O
attributed O
the O
detentions O
of O
the O
six O
to O
a O
local O
commander O
and O
had O
promised O
they O
would O
be O
freed O
by O
August O
23 O
. O

But O
the O
church O
learned O
in O
a O
recent O
meeting O
with O
the O
local O
commander O
that O
no O
instructions O
to O
release O
the O
prisoners O
were O
received O
and O
they O
would O
be O
held O
until O
investigations O
were O
completed O
. O

It O
said O
last O
Friday O
they O
were O
visited O
by O
Monsignor O
Caesar B-PER
Mazzolari I-PER
, O
apostolic O
administrator O
of O
the O
diocese O
of O
Rumbek B-LOC
in O
southern O
Sudan B-LOC
, O
and O
an O
SPLA B-ORG
administrator O
and O
appeared O
in O
good O
condition O
. O

" O
On O
August O
17 O
the O
mission O
was O
surrounded O
( O
by O
the O
SPLA B-ORG
) O
and O
sealed O
off O
. O

The O
evening O
of O
the O
same O
day O
the O
missionaries O
were O
put O
in O
prison O
or O
isolation O
. O

Later O
the O
mission O
was O
looted O
, O
" O
it O
added O
. O

An O
Australian B-MISC
foreign O
ministry O
official O
said O
the O
charges O
against O
them O
were O
" O
fairly O
bizarre O
" O
and O
a O
matter O
for O
concern O
. O

He O
said O
Australian B-MISC
diplomats O
in O
Nairobi B-LOC
were O
working O
with O
the O
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
church O
in O
southern O
Sudan B-LOC
and O
with O
U.S. B-LOC
and O
Italian B-MISC
diplomats O
in O
the O
region O
to O
help O
free O
the O
missionaries O
. O

The O
SPLA B-ORG
has O
fought O
Khartoum B-LOC
's O
government O
forces O
in O
the O
south O
since O
1983 O
for O
greater O
autonomy O
or O
independence O
of O
the O
mainly O
Christian B-MISC
and O
animist O
region O
from O
the O
Moslem B-MISC
, O
Arabised B-LOC
north I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

OSCE B-ORG
postpones O
Bosnian B-MISC
municipal O
elections O
. O

SARAJEVO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
U.S. B-LOC
diplomat O
in O
charge O
of O
elections O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
announced O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
voting O
for O
municipal O
assemblies O
would O
be O
postponed O
because O
of O
irregularities O
by O
the O
Serbs B-MISC
in O
registering O
voters O
. O

Ambassador O
Robert B-PER
Frowick I-PER
, O
representing O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
( O
OSCE B-ORG
) O
, O
told O
reporters O
that O
municipal O
polls O
due O
on O
September O
14 O
with O
other O
Bosnian B-MISC
elections O
would O
be O
put O
off O
. O

" O
I O
have O
made O
a O
chairman O
's O
decision O
that O
it O
is O
not O
feasible O
to O
hold O
municipal O
elections O
on O
September O
14 O
, O
" O
said O
Frowick B-PER
. O

He O
said O
no O
exact O
date O
had O
been O
set O
but O
it O
was O
possible O
the O
local O
elections O
would O
take O
place O
in O
the O
spring O
of O
1997 O
. O

According O
to O
OSCE B-ORG
officials O
, O
Serb B-MISC
authorities O
have O
pressed O
their O
refugees O
to O
register O
to O
vote O
in O
towns O
now O
under O
Serb B-MISC
control O
, O
but O
which O
used O
to O
have O
Moslem B-MISC
majorities O
. O

Human O
rights O
workers O
say O
authorities O
in O
Serbia B-LOC
and O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
territory O
have O
conducted O
a O
well-organised O
campaign O
to O
coerce O
refugees O
into O
registering O
only O
on O
Serb B-MISC
territory O
and O
failed O
to O
inform O
them O
of O
their O
rights O
under O
the O
Dayton B-LOC
peace O
agreement O
. O

Diplomats O
say O
the O
effect O
of O
the O
electoral O
engineering O
would O
be O
to O
establish O
political O
control O
over O
districts O
they O
conquered O
and O
ethnically O
cleansed O
in O
war O
. O

The O
response O
of O
the O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serbs I-MISC
to O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
's O
announcement O
was O
not O
immediately O
clear O
. O

But O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
leaders O
have O
hinted O
they O
would O
boycott O
the O
poll O
if O
the O
municipal O
elections O
were O
postponed O
, O
or O
go O
ahead O
with O
their O
own O
. O

The O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
cabinet O
, O
in O
a O
letter O
to O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
, O
said O
on O
Monday O
that O
any O
delay O
of O
local O
elections O
would O
be O
" O
a O
direct O
and O
flagrant O
violation O
fo O
the O
Dayton B-LOC
agreement O
" O
. O

The O
Serbs B-MISC
, O
who O
administer O
half O
of O
Bosnia B-LOC
in O
a O
Serb B-MISC
republic O
, O
said O
they O
had O
met O
all O
conditions O
for O
holding O
the O
September O
elections O
. O

Diplomats O
fear O
that O
the O
crisis O
could O
cast O
doubt O
over O
the O
entire O
election O
process O
, O
which O
already O
appears O
set O
to O
confirm O
Bosnia B-LOC
's O
ethnic O
partition O
rather O
than O
its O
reintegration O
as O
the O
Dayton B-LOC
peace O
agreement O
had O
planned O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

New O
talks O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
as O
Lebed B-PER
waits O
for O
Yeltsin B-PER
. O

Dmitry B-PER
Kuznets I-PER

NOVYE B-LOC
ATAGI I-LOC
, O
Russia B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Russian B-MISC
and O
rebel O
military O
commanders O
finally O
met O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
for O
delayed O
talks O
aimed O
at O
finalising O
a O
ceasefire O
arranged O
last O
week O
by O
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
's O
envoy O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
. O

The O
Russian B-MISC
army O
commander O
in O
the O
region O
, O
General O
Vyacheslav B-PER
Tikhomirov I-PER
, O
arrived O
at O
the O
rebel-held O
village O
of O
Novye B-LOC
Atagi I-LOC
, O
some O
20 O
km O
( O
12 O
miles O
) O
south O
of O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
for O
discussions O
with O
rebel O
chief-of-staff O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
. O

But O
Lebed B-PER
himself O
, O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
security O
chief O
, O
is O
still O
waiting O
back O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
to O
meet O
Yeltsin B-PER
over O
his O
plans O
for O
a O
lasting O
political O
settlement O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
. O

Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
quoted O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
press O
service O
as O
saying O
Yeltsin B-PER
, O
who O
left O
for O
a O
state O
holiday O
home O
near O
Moscow B-LOC
on O
Monday O
, O
would O
hold O
no O
working O
meetings O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Lebed B-PER
interrupted O
talks O
with O
Chechnya B-LOC
's O
separatists O
on O
a O
political O
deal O
on O
Sunday O
, O
saying O
he O
had O
to O
consult O
with O
Yeltsin B-PER
. O

After O
a O
meeting O
failed O
to O
materialise O
on O
Monday O
, O
Lebed B-PER
's O
spokesman O
said O
he O
might O
meet O
the O
president O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

But O
Yeltsin B-PER
's O
spokesman O
rebuffed O
the O
suggestion O
, O
saying O
the O
president O
had O
left O
Moscow B-LOC
for O
a O
holiday O
near O
the O
capital O
. O

The O
Russians B-MISC
postponed O
the O
talks O
after O
a O
Chechen B-MISC
band O
disarmed O
a O
column O
of O
interior B-ORG
ministry I-ORG
troops O
on O
Sunday O
. O

The O
Chechens B-MISC
said O
a O
renegade O
group O
seized O
the O
weapons O
and O
said O
on O
Monday O
they O
had O
all O
been O
returned O
. O

The O
Russian B-MISC
command O
insisted O
that O
not O
all O
the O
weapons O
were O
the O
same O
as O
those O
taken O
. O

Tass B-ORG
said O
the O
weapons O
and O
the O
practical O
implementation O
of O
the O
ceasefire O
signed O
by O
Lebed B-PER
and O
Maskhadov B-PER
last O
Thursday O
would O
be O
on O
the O
agenda O
of O
today O
's O
talks O
. O

Neither O
spoke O
to O
reporters O
before O
the O
meeting O
, O
which O
started O
around O
10.45 O
a.m. O
( O
0645 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
. O

Also O
in O
Novye B-LOC
Atagi I-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
morning O
, O
was O
Tim B-PER
Guldimann I-PER
, O
the O
Swiss B-MISC
diplomat O
who O
heads O
the O
Chechnya B-LOC
mission O
of O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
( O
OSCE B-ORG
) O
. O

Guldimann B-PER
, O
who O
helped O
broker O
an O
earlier O
truce O
in O
May O
, O
was O
not O
taking O
part O
in O
the O
Tikhomirov-Maskhadov B-MISC
talks O
. O

Lebed B-PER
's O
peace O
mission O
this O
month O
has O
stopped O
some O
of O
the O
worst O
fighting O
of O
the O
20-month-old O
conflict O
. O

However O
, O
tension O
on O
the O
ground O
indicates O
that O
it O
could O
falter O
if O
the O
momentum O
for O
a O
settlement O
is O
not O
maintained O
. O

Three O
Russian B-MISC
servicemen O
were O
wounded O
in O
a O
total O
of O
six O
shooting O
incidents O
overnight O
, O
Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
quoted O
the O
Russian B-MISC
military O
as O
saying O
on O
Tuesday O
morning O
. O

RIA B-ORG
news O
agency O
quoted O
an O
army O
source O
accusing O
rebel O
fighters O
of O
failing O
to O
turn O
up O
for O
joint O
Russian-Chechen B-MISC
police O
patrols O
in O
some O
districts O
of O
the O
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
. O

But O
the O
separatist O
command O
told O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
the O
patrols O
, O
part O
of O
the O
truce O
brokered O
by O
Lebed B-PER
last O
week O
, O
would O
begin O
on O
Tuesday O
after O
delays O
for O
" O
technical O
reasons O
" O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
's O
spokesman O
said O
he O
might O
meet O
officials O
during O
his O
break O
, O
but O
indicated O
Lebed B-PER
was O
low O
on O
the O
list O
by O
saying O
Yeltsin B-PER
would O
need O
time O
to O
study O
the O
proposals O
before O
talking O
to O
him O
. O

Russian B-MISC
news O
agencies O
also O
quoted O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
spokesman O
as O
saying O
that O
Lebed B-PER
's O
representatives O
had O
not O
sought O
a O
meeting O
, O
hinting O
at O
an O
attempt O
by O
the O
president O
to O
put O
his O
popular O
and O
outspoken O
protege O
in O
his O
place O
with O
a O
lesson O
on O
protocol O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
, O
65 O
, O
has O
kept O
a O
low O
profile O
since O
he O
was O
reelected O
in O
July O
, O
prompting O
new O
speculation O
that O
the O
two O
heart O
attacks O
he O
suffered O
last O
year O
and O
a O
rumoured O
drinking O
problem O
could O
be O
taking O
their O
toll O
, O
weakening O
his O
grip O
on O
affairs O
of O
state O
. O

Aides O
have O
dismissed O
such O
speculation O
, O
insisting O
that O
he O
simply O
needs O
a O
rest O
after O
his O
energetic O
election O
campaign O
. O

Some O
analysts O
say O
the O
Kremlin B-LOC
leader O
, O
whose O
order O
sending O
troops O
and O
tanks O
into O
Chechnya B-LOC
in O
1994 O
started O
Russia B-LOC
's O
ill-fated O
military O
campaign O
, O
could O
merely O
be O
reluctant O
to O
put O
his O
name O
to O
a O
peace O
process O
which O
might O
fall O
apart O
. O

But O
Lebed B-PER
, O
who O
has O
no O
real O
power O
without O
his O
boss O
and O
has O
hinted O
at O
dark O
forces O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
working O
against O
him O
, O
appears O
to O
think O
a O
deal O
will O
not O
stick O
without O
strong O
backing O
from O
Yeltsin B-PER
. O

His O
proposals O
have O
not O
been O
spelled O
out O
but O
are O
expected O
to O
involve O
a O
compromise O
between O
the O
separatists O
' O
demand O
for O
independence O
and O
Moscow B-LOC
's O
insistence O
that O
Chechnya B-LOC
remain O
part O
of O
the O
Russian B-LOC
Federation I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Slovenia B-LOC
and O
Poland B-LOC
target O
EU B-ORG
, O
NATO B-ORG
membership O
. O

LJUBLJANA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Slovenia B-LOC
and O
Poland B-LOC
pledged O
to O
intensify O
cooperation O
on O
Tuesday O
and O
reinforced O
their O
determination O
to O
join O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
NATO B-ORG
at O
the O
earliest O
possible O
date O
. O

Polish B-MISC
President O
Aleksander B-PER
Kwasniewski I-PER
and O
his O
Slovenian B-MISC
counterpart O
, O
Milan B-PER
Kucan I-PER
, O
met O
for O
talks O
at O
the O
start O
of O
a O
two-day O
visit O
to O
Slovenia B-LOC
by O
Kwasniewski B-PER
. O

It O
was O
their O
fourth O
meeting O
this O
year O
. O

They O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
they O
agreed O
to O
have O
regular O
telephone O
contact O
to O
discuss O
progress O
in O
strengthening O
ties O
with O
the O
West B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
expect O
our O
cooperation O
will O
help O
both O
countries O
towards O
entering O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
NATO B-ORG
, O
" O
Kwasniewski B-PER
said O
. O

" O
We O
have O
similar O
ambitions O
as O
far O
as O
our O
internal O
development O
and O
international O
life O
is O
concerned O
, O
" O
Kucan B-PER
said O
. O

Poland B-LOC
and O
Slovenia B-LOC
are O
hoping O
to O
be O
among O
the O
first O
group O
of O
former O
eastern O
bloc O
countries O
to O
join O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
NATO B-ORG
. O

They O
have O
already O
signed O
an O
association O
agreement O
with O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
are O
both O
part O
of O
the O
Central B-ORG
European I-ORG
Free I-ORG
Trade I-ORG
Area I-ORG
, O
which O
also O
comprises O
Hungary B-LOC
, O
Slovakia B-LOC
and O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
. O

Slovenia B-LOC
's O
trade O
with O
Poland B-LOC
rose O
to O
$ O
142.3 O
million O
in O
1995 O
from O
$ O
118.8 O
million O
in O
1994 O
. O

During O
his O
visit O
to O
Slovenia B-LOC
, O
Kwasniewski B-PER
is O
also O
scheduled O
to O
meet O
Prime O
Minister O
Janez B-PER
Drnovsek I-PER
, O
representatives O
of O
Slovenian B-MISC
political O
parties O
and O
representatives O
of O
the O
Chamber B-ORG
of I-ORG
Economy I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nationalists O
want O
Iliescu B-PER
ousted O
for O
Hungary B-LOC
pact O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Junior O
Nationalist O
members O
of O
Romania B-LOC
's O
ruling O
coalition O
called O
on O
Tuesday O
for O
the O
impeachment O
of O
President O
Ion B-PER
Iliescu I-PER
for O
backing O
a O
friendship O
treaty O
with O
neighbouring O
Hungary B-LOC
. O

Iliescu B-PER
's O
Party B-ORG
of I-ORG
Social I-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
, O
the O
senior O
coalition O
partner O
, O
immediately O
dismissed O
the O
National B-ORG
Unity I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PUNR B-ORG
) O
demand O
as O
crude O
electioneering O
. O

" O
It O
is O
a O
desperate O
move O
by O
the O
PUNR B-ORG
, O
which O
is O
losing O
its O
only O
reason O
for O
existing O
ahead O
of O
the O
electoral O
campaign O
, O
" O
said O
PDSR B-ORG
executive O
president O
Adrian B-PER
Nastase I-PER
. O

" O
This O
treaty O
is O
both O
necessary O
and O
good O
, O
" O
Nastase B-PER
said O
, O
adding O
that O
the O
PUNR B-ORG
's O
stance O
was O
threatening O
its O
position O
in O
the O
government O
. O

The O
treaty O
agreed O
unexpectedly O
two O
weeks O
ago O
will O
end O
years O
of O
disputes O
over O
the O
status O
of O
Romania B-LOC
's O
large O
ethnic O
Hungarian B-MISC
minority O
. O

It O
will O
also O
boost O
both O
countries O
' O
chances O
of O
admission O
to O
NATO B-ORG
and O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
. O

" O
If O
they O
( O
the O
PUNR B-ORG
) O
are O
so O
vexed O
, O
they O
could O
leave O
the O
government O
... O

We O
might O
also O
help O
them O
to O
do O
it O
, O
if O
they O
go O
on O
like O
this O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
PUNR B-ORG
holds O
four O
key O
ministries O
-- O
justice O
, O
transport O
, O
agriculture O
and O
communications O
. O

PUNR B-ORG
leader O
Gheorghe B-PER
Funar I-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
Iliescu B-PER
, O
in O
power O
since O
the O
fall O
of O
communism O
in O
1989 O
, O
should O
be O
impeached O
for O
treason O
for O
compromising O
on O
the O
issue O
of O
ethnic O
Hungarian B-MISC
minority O
rights O
in O
the O
treaty O
due O
to O
be O
signed O
next O
month O
. O

Funar B-PER
's O
call O
came O
on O
the O
eve O
of O
the O
official O
launch O
of O
Iliescu B-PER
's O
campaign O
for O
a O
new O
term O
at O
November O
3 O
polls O
. O

His O
appeal O
to O
the O
opposition O
to O
back O
his O
attempt O
to O
oust O
Iliescu B-PER
was O
unlikely O
to O
succeed O
, O
analysts O
said O
. O

Iliescu B-PER
has O
invited O
political O
leaders O
to O
a O
meeting O
on O
Thursday O
to O
discuss O
the O
final O
form O
of O
the O
pact O
which O
both O
Romanian B-MISC
and O
Hungarian B-MISC
nationalists O
oppose O
for O
different O
reasons O
. O

Presidential O
officials O
were O
not O
available O
to O
comment O
on O
the O
call O
for O
Iliescu B-PER
's O
impeachment O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Estonian B-MISC
MPS O
see O
little O
hope O
of O
electing O
president O
. O

Belinda B-PER
Goldsmith I-PER

TALLINN B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Estonia B-LOC
's O
parliament O
failed O
for O
a O
second O
time O
to O
elect O
a O
president O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
dealing O
a O
blow O
to O
incumbent O
Lennart B-PER
Meri I-PER
and O
pushing O
the O
country O
towards O
stalemate O
in O
its O
choice O
of O
a O
new O
head O
of O
state O
. O

Neither O
Meri B-PER
, O
who O
oversaw O
Estonia B-LOC
's O
first O
steps O
into O
statehood O
after O
the O
collapse O
of O
the O
Soviet B-LOC
Union I-LOC
, O
nor O
his O
arch-rival O
, O
former O
communist O
Arnold B-PER
Ruutel I-PER
, O
have O
secured O
the O
68 O
votes O
necessary O
from O
the O
101-member O
parliament O
. O

Meri B-PER
garnered O
49 O
votes O
and O
Meri B-PER
34 O
in O
Tuesday O
's O
ballot O
for O
the O
five-year O
presidency O
of O
Estonia B-LOC
. O

A O
third O
and O
final O
vote O
was O
due O
to O
be O
held O
when O
parliament O
reconvened O
on O
Tuesday O
but O
legislators O
were O
not O
expecting O
a O
clear O
result O
. O

If O
there O
is O
no O
result O
the O
decision O
will O
be O
ceded O
to O
an O
electoral O
college O
. O

" O
The O
votes O
are O
a O
strong O
message O
to O
Meri B-PER
that O
he O
is O
not O
favoured O
by O
some O
politicians O
any O
more O
, O
" O
Reform B-ORG
Party I-ORG
head O
Heiki B-PER
Kranich I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Under O
a O
constitution O
agreed O
in O
1992 O
, O
a O
year O
after O
independence O
, O
the O
president O
has O
no O
executive O
powers O
. O

His O
only O
political O
role O
is O
to O
smoothe O
the O
functioning O
of O
government O
in O
periods O
of O
crisis O
. O

But O
Meri B-PER
, O
67 O
, O
has O
been O
accused O
in O
parliament O
of O
taking O
too O
much O
power O
and O
not O
always O
consulting O
parliamentarians O
before O
making O
decisions O
. O

His O
relations O
with O
a O
leftist-led O
government O
have O
sometimes O
been O
tense O
. O

His O
support O
in O
the O
first O
round O
of O
voting O
on O
Monday O
was O
much O
lower O
than O
expected O
, O
scoring O
only O
45 O
votes O
, O
which O
political O
analysts O
put O
down O
as O
a O
vote O
of O
no O
confidence O
in O
his O
performance O
. O

This O
support O
only O
inched O
up O
to O
49 O
in O
the O
second O
vote O
. O

Support O
for O
Ruutel B-PER
, O
68 O
, O
remained O
constant O
at O
34 O
votes O
. O

If O
the O
third O
vote O
fails O
to O
give O
either O
Meri B-PER
or O
Ruutel B-PER
68 O
votes O
, O
the O
parliamentary O
speaker O
will O
convene O
an O
electoral O
college O
of O
101 O
MPs O
and O
273 O
local O
goverment O
representatives O
to O
hold O
a O
new O
poll O
that O
could O
include O
new O
nominations O
. O

This O
would O
be O
the O
first O
time O
that O
the O
former O
Soviet B-MISC
republic O
has O
had O
to O
call O
together O
an O
electoral O
college O
. O

In O
its O
first O
presidential O
election O
in O
1992 O
Meri B-PER
won O
the O
necessary O
votes O
in O
in O
a O
parliamentary O
election O
against O
Ruutel B-PER
. O

Parliamentary O
organisers O
said O
the O
exact O
timetable O
remained O
unclear O
but O
it O
would O
probably O
take O
about O
a O
month O
to O
organise O
an O
electoral O
college O
which O
could O
also O
hold O
several O
rounds O
of O
voting O
before O
a O
clear O
winner O
emerges O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Estonia B-LOC
assembly O
fails O
to O
elect O
state O
president O
. O

TALLINN B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
Estonian B-MISC
parliament O
failed O
for O
a O
third O
and O
final O
time O
to O
elect O
a O
new O
state O
president O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
refusing O
a O
second O
mandate O
for O
incumbent O
Lennart B-PER
Meri I-PER
. O

Neither O
Meri B-PER
nor O
his O
rival O
Arnold B-PER
Ruutel I-PER
could O
garner O
the O
68 O
votes O
needed O
from O
the O
101 O
members O
of O
parliament O
to O
become O
president O
. O

In O
the O
third O
vote O
Meri B-PER
won O
52 O
and O
Ruutel B-PER
won O
32 O
votes O
. O

The O
final O
decision O
will O
now O
be O
made O
by O
a O
larger O
assembly O
. O

Meri B-PER
won O
49 O
in O
a O
second O
vote O
earlier O
on O
Tuesday O
and O
45 O
in O
the O
first O
on O
Monday O
. O

Ruutel B-PER
won O
34 O
votes O
in O
the O
first O
two O
secret O
ballots O
. O

Enn B-PER
Markvart I-PER
, O
chairman O
of O
the O
National B-ORG
Election I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
said O
96 O
members O
of O
parliament O
cast O
votes O
, O
with O
one O
ballot O
paper O
invalid O
and O
11 O
abstentions O
. O

The O
election O
will O
now O
go O
before O
an O
electoral O
college O
involving O
MPs O
and O
local O
government O
representatives O
that O
will O
be O
convened O
by O
the O
parliamentary O
Speaker O
in O
the O
next O
day O
or O
so O
. O

It O
could O
take O
up O
to O
a O
month O
before O
a O
new O
vote O
but O
the O
timetable O
is O
not O
yet O
clear O
. O

This O
is O
the O
first O
time O
the O
former O
Soviet B-MISC
republic O
has O
had O
to O
convene O
such O
a O
group O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Albania B-LOC
charges O
Briton B-MISC
with O
child O
sex O
abuse O
. O

TIRANA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Albanian B-MISC
authorities O
have O
arrested O
and O
charged O
a O
British B-MISC
man O
for O
sexually O
abusing O
two O
young O
boys O
, O
a O
Tirana B-LOC
prosecutor O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

" O
We O
have O
arrested O
him O
and O
charged O
him O
with O
these O
shameful O
acts O
of O
sex O
abuse O
of O
little O
children O
, O
" O
prosecutor O
Adnan B-PER
Xhelili I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Xhelili B-PER
said O
Paul B-PER
Thompson I-PER
, O
34 O
, O
from O
Wiltshire B-LOC
, O
was O
arrested O
on O
Sunday O
in O
a O
hotel O
in O
the O
Adriatic B-MISC
resort O
of O
Durres B-LOC
, O
45 O
km O
( O
30 O
miles O
) O
west O
of O
Tirana B-LOC
. O

Thompson B-PER
has O
denied O
the O
charges O
. O

He O
could O
face O
up O
to O
five O
years O
in O
jail O
if O
convicted O
. O

Xhelili B-PER
said O
Thompson B-PER
, O
who O
is O
divorced O
, O
said O
he O
befriended O
the O
boys O
, O
both O
aged O
under O
10 O
, O
because O
they O
reminded O
him O
of O
his O
own O
children O
who O
live O
with O
his O
former O
wife O
in O
London B-LOC
. O

The O
prosecutor O
's O
office O
said O
no O
date O
had O
yet O
been O
set O
for O
a O
trial O
to O
begin O
as O
investigations O
had O
first O
to O
be O
completed O
. O

The O
British B-MISC
embassy O
in O
Tirana B-LOC
said O
it O
had O
sent O
an O
embassy O
official O
to O
talk O
to O
Thompson B-PER
who O
is O
being O
held O
in O
jail O
. O

The O
age O
of O
consent O
for O
heterosexual O
and O
homosexual O
sex O
in O
Albania B-LOC
is O
14 O
. O

A O
large O
number O
of O
destitute O
children O
can O
be O
seen O
begging O
in O
the O
streets O
of O
impoverished O
Albania B-LOC
, O
especially O
in O
towns O
and O
resorts O
visited O
by O
foreigners O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Estonia B-LOC
assembly O
again O
fails O
to O
elect O
president O
. O

TALLINN B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Estonia B-LOC
's O
parliament O
again O
failed O
to O
elect O
a O
new O
state O
president O
on O
Tuesday O
when O
neither O
of O
two O
candidates O
secured O
a O
majority O
in O
second-round O
voting O
. O

Incumbent O
president O
Lennart B-PER
Meri I-PER
won O
49 O
votes O
compared O
to O
34 O
won O
by O
his O
rival O
, O
deputy O
Parliamentary O
Speaker O
Arnold B-PER
Ruutel I-PER
. O

But O
Meri B-PER
's O
support O
was O
not O
enough O
for O
the O
68 O
needed O
for O
election O
and O
a O
third O
secret O
ballot O
will O
take O
place O
later O
in O
the O
day O
( O
1300 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
, O
parliamentary O
officials O
said O
. O

To O
win O
a O
clear O
mandate O
for O
the O
five-year O
presidential O
term O
, O
a O
candidate O
must O
secure O
68 O
votes O
from O
the O
101-member O
parliament O
. O

Enn B-PER
Markvart I-PER
, O
Chairman O
of O
the O
National B-ORG
Election I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
, O
said O
96 O
members O
of O
parliament O
voted O
in O
the O
second O
round O
, O
with O
12 O
abstentions O
and O
one O
ballot O
paper O
invalid O
. O

On O
Monday O
, O
in O
the O
first O
round O
of O
voting O
, O
Meri B-PER
secured O
45 O
votes O
and O
Ruutel B-PER
34 O
. O

Meri B-PER
's O
popularity O
has O
suffered O
in O
recent O
years O
, O
with O
politicians O
criticising O
him O
for O
taking O
too O
much O
power O
and O
acting O
without O
consulting O
parliament O
. O

If O
a O
third O
round O
of O
voting O
fails O
to O
give O
either O
candidate O
68 O
votes O
, O
the O
parliamentary O
speaker O
has O
to O
convene O
an O
electoral O
college O
of O
all O
101 O
MPs O
and O
273 O
local O
government O
representatives O
for O
a O
new O
vote O
that O
could O
take O
up O
to O
a O
month O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Slovak B-MISC
women O
visited O
Dutroux B-PER
, O
police O
say O
. O

Peter B-PER
Laca I-PER

BRATISLAVA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Marc B-PER
Dutroux I-PER
, O
the O
chief O
accused O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
's O
sensational O
child O
murder O
and O
sex O
abuse O
case O
, O
visited O
Slovakia B-LOC
a O
number O
of O
times O
and O
about O
10 O
young O
Slovak B-MISC
women O
went O
to O
Belgium B-LOC
at O
his O
invitation O
, O
police O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

But O
they O
have O
difficulty O
remembering O
what O
happened O
there O
, O
perhaps O
because O
of O
drugs O
, O
and O
are O
unsure O
whether O
they O
were O
filmed O
for O
pornography O
, O
Rudolf B-PER
Gajdos I-PER
, O
head O
of O
the O
Slovak B-MISC
office O
of O
Interpol B-ORG
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Although O
Gajdos B-PER
spoke O
of O
" O
girls O
" O
his O
deputy O
, O
Eva B-PER
Boudova I-PER
, O
said O
the O
case O
involved O
about O
10 O
young O
women O
in O
their O
early O
20s O
. O

" O
The O
police O
interrogated O
several O
Slovak B-MISC
girls O
who O
said O
that O
they O
had O
been O
invited O
by O
Mark B-PER
Dutroux I-PER
to O
visit O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
" O
Gajdos B-PER
said O
. O

" O
The O
girls O
said O
they O
went O
to O
Belgium B-LOC
voluntarily O
and O
the O
police O
suspect O
that O
they O
were O
used O
to O
act O
in O
pornographic O
films O
. O
" O

" O
The O
police O
suspect O
( O
the O
girls O
) O
were O
under O
the O
influence O
of O
drugs O
as O
some O
girls O
admitted O
they O
took O
unspecified O
pills O
. O
" O

" O
We O
have O
suspicions O
of O
a O
rape O
, O
but O
the O
police O
still O
have O
to O
find O
the O
victim O
, O
" O
Gajdos B-PER
added O
. O

Dutroux B-PER
's O
last O
visit O
to O
Slovakia B-LOC
was O
reported O
to O
have O
been O
as O
recent O
as O
July O
. O

Slovak B-MISC
police O
are O
also O
cooperating O
with O
Belgium B-LOC
in O
the O
search O
for O
An B-PER
Marchal I-PER
and O
Eefje B-PER
Lambrecks I-PER
, O
who O
went O
missing O
last O
August O
. O

Dutroux B-PER
, O
39 O
, O
who O
was O
charged O
last O
week O
with O
the O
abduction O
and O
illegal O
imprisonment O
of O
two O
other O
girls O
aged O
14 O
and O
12 O
, O
is O
one O
of O
several O
suspects O
in O
the O
Marchal B-PER
and O
Lambrecks B-PER
case O
. O

Last O
Saturday O
he O
led O
police O
to O
the O
bodies O
of O
two O
other O
girls O
, O
aged O
eight O
, O
who O
died O
of O
starvation O
this O
year O
after O
their O
abduction O
in O
June O
, O
1995 O
. O

The O
Czech B-MISC
office O
of O
Interpol B-ORG
said O
on O
Friday O
it O
would O
neither O
confirm O
nor O
deny O
that O
Dutroux B-PER
had O
been O
in O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
, O
Slovakia B-LOC
's O
western O
neighbour O
and O
former O
federation O
partner O
. O

Belgian B-MISC
police O
said O
an O
officer O
had O
visited O
Bratislava B-LOC
to O
talk O
with O
Slovak B-MISC
detectives O
about O
An B-PER
and O
Eefje B-PER
and O
other O
disappearances O
, O
and O
he O
planned O
to O
go O
also O
to O
Prague B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

WEATHER O
- O
Conditions O
at O
CIS B-LOC
airports O
- O
August O
27 O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

No O
closures O
of O
airports O
due O
to O
bad O
weather O
are O
expected O
in O
the O
Commonwealth B-LOC
of I-LOC
Independent I-LOC
States I-LOC
on O
August O
28 O
and O
August O
29 O
, O
the O
Russian B-ORG
Weather I-ORG
Service I-ORG
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

-- O
Moscow B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+7095 O
941 O
8520 O

-DOCSTART- O

Russian B-MISC
serial O
killer O
strikes O
again O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Russian B-MISC
police O
in O
the O
Urals B-MISC
city O
of O
Perm B-LOC
are O
on O
the O
trail O
of O
a O
serial O
killer O
who O
has O
claimed O
his O
seventh O
victim O
in O
just O
a O
few O
months O
, O
Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

In O
the O
latest O
attack O
, O
the O
killer O
raped O
and O
stabbed O
a O
young O
woman O
in O
a O
lift O
, O
leaving O
her O
body O
on O
a O
landing O
. O

Tass B-ORG
did O
not O
say O
exactly O
when O
it O
took O
place O
. O

Police O
earlier O
released O
a O
suspect O
after O
women O
who O
had O
survived O
an O
attack O
failed O
to O
identify O
him O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Russian B-MISC
army O
, O
Chechens B-MISC
open O
new O
round O
of O
talks O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Russia B-LOC
's O
military O
commander O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
began O
new O
talks O
with O
separatist O
chief-of-staff O
Aslan B-PER
Maskhadov I-PER
on O
Tuesday O
, O
Itar-Tass B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

Tass B-ORG
said O
the O
talks O
were O
taking O
place O
in O
the O
settlement O
of O
Novye B-LOC
Atagi I-LOC
, O
some O
20 O
km O
( O
12 O
miles O
) O
south O
of O
the O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
Grozny B-LOC
. O

The O
talks O
had O
been O
postponed O
while O
the O
Russians B-MISC
waited O
for O
the O
rebels O
to O
return O
arms O
and O
ammunition O
seized O
from O
Russian B-MISC
soldiers O
at O
the O
weekend O
. O

The O
Chechens B-MISC
said O
on O
Monday O
they O
had O
returned O
all O
the O
weapons O
, O
which O
they O
said O
were O
seized O
by O
a O
renegade O
group O
. O

The O
talks O
between O
Maskhadov B-PER
and O
Russia B-LOC
's O
Vyacheslav B-PER
Tikhomirov I-PER
are O
aimed O
at O
putting O
the O
finishing O
touches O
to O
a O
ceasefire O
sealed O
last O
week O
in O
talks O
with O
Russian B-MISC
security O
chief O
Alexander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
. O

Lebed B-PER
, O
who O
met O
Russian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Viktor B-PER
Chernomyrdin I-PER
on O
Monday O
to O
discuss O
the O
progress O
he O
made O
on O
a O
political O
settlement O
for O
the O
breakaway O
region O
, O
has O
been O
seeking O
a O
meeting O
with O
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
, O
who O
started O
a O
holiday O
near O
Moscow B-LOC
on O
Monday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Argentine B-MISC
bishop O
reminds O
cabinet O
of O
Commandments O
. O

BUENOS B-LOC
AIRES I-LOC
, O
Argentina B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
Archbishop O
of O
Buenos B-LOC
Aires I-LOC
said O
on O
Tuesday O
the O
first O
thing O
he O
would O
do O
if O
elected O
president O
of O
Argentina B-LOC
would O
be O
to O
put O
up O
posters O
of O
the O
Ten B-MISC
Commandments I-MISC
in O
government O
offices O
. O

" O
They O
asked O
me O
what O
would O
be O
the O
first O
thing O
I O
would O
do O
if O
I O
were O
president O
, O
and O
I O
said O
the O
first O
thing O
I O
would O
do O
would O
be O
to O
resign O
straight O
away O
, O
" O
Archbishop O
Antonio B-PER
Quarracino I-PER
said O
at O
a O
sermon O
attended O
by O
several O
cabinet O
ministers O
. O

" O
But O
before O
going O
, O
I O
would O
have O
big O
signs O
put O
up O
in O
all O
government O
offices O
, O
those O
to O
do O
with O
justice O
, O
in O
all O
sectors O
, O
with O
the O
Ten B-MISC
Commandments I-MISC
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Argentina B-LOC
's O
top O
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
cleric O
said O
the O
Biblical B-MISC
commandment O
" O
Thou O
shalt O
not O
steal O
" O
would O
get O
special O
emphasis O
" O
because O
it O
has O
to O
be O
about O
the O
most O
common O
thing O
these O
days O
. O
" O

Quarracino B-PER
and O
other O
Church O
leaders O
are O
regular O
critics O
of O
the O
government O
's O
free-market O
economic O
policy O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Brazil B-LOC
's O
Eletropaulo B-ORG
names O
new O
president O
. O

SAO B-PER
PAULO I-PER
1996-08-27 O

Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
state O
power O
firm O
Eletropaulo B-ORG
said O
it O
has O
named O
Eduardo B-PER
Bernini I-PER
as O
new O
president O
, O
replacing O
Emmanuel B-PER
Sobral I-PER
, O
who O
will O
head O
a O
secretariat O
at O
the O
Transportation B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
. O

Bernini B-PER
is O
expected O
to O
take O
office O
Thursday O
, O
a O
Eletropaulo B-ORG
spokeswoman O
said O
. O

-- O
Romina B-PER
Nicaretta I-PER
, O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
newsroom O
, O
5511 O
232 O
4411 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dutch B-MISC
government O
wo O
n't O
pay O
ransom O
for O
kidnap O
victims O
. O

SAN B-LOC
JOSE I-LOC
, O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The B-LOC
Netherlands I-LOC
government O
has O
ruled O
out O
paying O
ransom O
money O
for O
a O
Dutch B-MISC
couple O
kidnapped O
from O
their O
farm O
, O
while O
Costa B-MISC
Rican I-MISC
authorities O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
they O
had O
no O
leads O
in O
the O
case O
. O

" O
We O
have O
not O
had O
contact O
with O
the O
kidnappers O
nor O
do O
we O
have O
any O
leads O
to O
take O
us O
to O
where O
they O
might O
be O
held O
, O
" O
Chief O
of O
Judicial B-ORG
Police I-ORG
Manuel B-PER
Alvarado I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Hurte B-PER
Sierd I-PER
Zylstra I-PER
and O
his O
wife O
, O
Jetsi B-PER
Hendrika I-PER
Coers I-PER
, O
both O
50 O
, O
were O
abducted O
from O
the O
teak O
plantation O
they O
managed O
late O
Saturday O
or O
early O
Sunday O
by O
at O
least O
two O
men O
demanding O
$ O
1.5 O
million O
ransom O
, O
authorities O
said O
. O

Costa B-MISC
Rican I-MISC
officials O
on O
Monday O
had O
given O
different O
names O
for O
the O
couple O
. O

Anton B-PER
Schutte I-PER
, O
an O
official O
with O
the O
embassy O
for O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
and O
Luxembourg B-LOC
, O
said O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
government O
had O
ruled O
out O
paying O
any O
money O
in O
ransom O
. O
" O

We O
're O
looking O
at O
a O
criminal O
act O
that O
has O
no O
political O
aspect O
as O
far O
as O
what O
we O
can O
tell O
, O
" O
Schutte B-PER
added O
. O

A O
note O
with O
the O
ransom O
demand O
was O
left O
in O
the O
couple O
's O
car O
, O
which O
was O
used O
in O
the O
kidnapping O
, O
Schutte B-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
on O
Monday O
. O

He O
said O
the O
note O
, O
believed O
to O
have O
been O
hand-written O
in O
Spanish B-MISC
and O
signed O
by O
the O
victims O
, O
was O
addressed O
to O
Ebe B-PER
Huizinga I-PER
, O
another O
Dutch B-MISC
citizen O
who O
owns O
the O
tree O
plantation O
. O
" O

Depending O
on O
you O
, O
we O
will O
either O
live O
or O
die O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

Alvarado B-PER
said O
the O
car O
was O
abandoned O
about O
40 O
miles O
( O
60 O
km O
) O
north O
of O
the O
couple O
's O
house O
but O
said O
that O
did O
not O
indicate O
the O
kidnappers O
intended O
to O
take O
their O
victims O
into O
neighbouring O
Nicaragua B-LOC
. O

The O
farm O
is O
in O
the O
border O
region O
where O
a O
German B-MISC
tourist O
and O
a O
Swiss B-MISC
tour O
guide O
were O
kidnapped O
last O
New O
Year O
's O
Eve O
by O
a O
heavily O
armed O
band O
led O
by O
a O
former O
Nicaraguan B-MISC
guerrilla O
. O

The O
two O
were O
held O
for O
71 O
days O
until O
relatives O
paid O
a O
ransom O
. O

Two O
of O
the O
suspected O
abductors O
have O
since O
been O
arrested O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Venezuela B-LOC
unions O
harden O
towards O
CVG B-ORG
privatization O
. O

CARACAS B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
swell O
of O
protest O
is O
growing O
within O
Venezuela B-LOC
's O
trade O
unions O
at O
the O
proposed O
year-end O
privatization O
of O
the O
state-owned O
holding O
company O
Corporacion B-ORG
Venezolana I-ORG
de I-ORG
Guayana I-ORG
( O
CVG B-ORG
) O
, O
CVG B-ORG
union O
leaders O
said O
Tuesday O
. O

" O
We O
oppose O
the O
way O
the O
government O
is O
proceeding O
with O
the O
sale O
, O
" O
Ramon B-PER
Machuca I-PER
, O
Sidor B-ORG
trade O
union O
Secretary O
General O
and O
member O
of O
union-based O
opposition O
party O
Radical B-ORG
Cause I-ORG
, O
told O
reporters O
. O

" O
We O
do O
n't O
believe O
the O
government O
will O
make O
its O
timetable O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Sidor B-ORG
is O
the O
CVG B-ORG
's O
steel-producing O
arm O
, O
slated O
for O
a O
December O
sale O
worth O
an O
estimated O
$ O
1.5 O
billion O
. O

The O
CVG B-ORG
's O
aluminum O
companies O
Venalum B-ORG
and O
Alucasa B-ORG
are O
also O
scheduled O
to O
be O
sold O
early O
1997 O
. O

Arguing O
that O
CVG B-ORG
's O
privatization O
would O
result O
in O
some O
13,000 O
layoffs O
, O
compared O
to O
the O
government O
's O
estimated O
1,500 O
, O
CVG B-ORG
's O
union O
leaders O
told O
reporters O
they O
would O
strike O
and O
stage O
protests O
if O
their O
concerns O
were O
not O
addressed O
. O

" O
We O
oppose O
any O
privatization O
that O
hurts O
workers O
' O
welfare O
and O
does O
not O
take O
into O
account O
its O
social O
impact O
, O
" O
they O
said O
. O

The O
opposition O
party O
Radical B-ORG
Cause I-ORG
controls O
all O
of O
the O
unionized O
workers O
at O
the O
CVG B-ORG
heavy O
industry O
complex O
and O
has O
systematically O
opposed O
all O
government O
legislation O
in O
congress O
. O

-- O
Omar B-PER
Lugo I-PER
, O
Caracas B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
582 O
834405 O

-DOCSTART- O

Nicaraguan B-MISC
drunks O
fear O
" O
lovebite O
" O
bandit O
. O

MANAGUA B-LOC
, O
Nicaragua B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Heavy O
drinkers O
in O
a O
Nicaraguan B-MISC
city O
were O
searching O
for O
someone O
who O
has O
covered O
them O
in O
" O
lovebites O
" O
while O
they O
were O
passed O
out O
in O
a O
drunken O
stupor O
, O
a O
local O
newspaper O
reported O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
dreaded O
" O
chupabolos O
" O
-- O
" O
drunksucker O
" O
-- O
preys O
on O
men O
who O
have O
passed O
out O
in O
the O
streets O
of O
Matagalpa B-LOC
, O
80 O
miles O
( O
130 O
kms O
) O
north O
of O
Managua B-LOC
, O
placing O
hickey-like O
" O
lovebites O
" O
on O
various O
parts O
of O
their O
bodies O
, O
El B-ORG
Nuevo I-ORG
Diario I-ORG
reported O
. O

Enraged O
drunks O
and O
street O
people O
in O
this O
town O
known O
for O
its O
machismo O
have O
organised O
a O
so-far O
unsuccessful O
search O
for O
the O
culprit O
who O
finds O
victims O
in O
the O
dark O
streets O
surrounding O
a O
local O
market O
. O

The O
total O
number O
of O
victims O
was O
still O
unknown O
. O

The O
first O
of O
the O
victims O
were O
two O
vagrants O
who O
slept O
in O
an O
abandoned O
car O
in O
front O
of O
a O
local O
bank O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

In O
spite O
of O
the O
collective O
fear O
gripping O
Matagalpa B-LOC
's O
drinkers O
, O
local O
women O
expressed O
little O
sympathy O
. O

" O
Its O
just O
desserts O
for O
all O
the O
' O
bolos O
' O
( O
drunkards O
) O
who O
sleep O
in O
the O
streets O
of O
our O
beautiful O
town O
, O
" O
said O
a O
woman O
who O
worked O
in O
the O
local O
market O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Brazil B-LOC
likely O
to O
turn O
Banespa B-ORG
federal O
bank O
- O
paper O
. O

SAO B-PER
PAULO I-PER
1996-08-27 O

Brazil B-LOC
is O
likely O
to O
turn O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
state O
bank O
Banespa B-ORG
into O
a O
federal O
bank O
in O
a O
prior O
step O
to O
privatization O
, O
according O
to O
unnamed O
government O
sources O
, O
O B-ORG
Globo I-ORG
daily O
said O
. O

The O
newspaper O
said O
the O
Central B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
special O
administration O
of O
Banespa B-ORG
ends O
in O
December O
30 O
and O
after O
that O
the O
bank O
has O
to O
be O
liquidated O
or O
turned O
into O
a O
federal O
bank O
since O
there O
are O
no O
conditions O
to O
return O
Banespa B-ORG
to O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
state O
government O
. O

A O
Central B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
spokesman O
said O
he O
could O
not O
confirm O
or O
deny O
the O
report O
. O

Banespa B-ORG
has O
been O
under O
central O
bank O
special O
temporary O
administration O
since O
December O
1994 O
. O

The O
central O
bank O
management O
could O
be O
lifted O
if O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
state O
decided O
to O
take O
part O
in O
the O
recent O
federal O
government O
's O
plan O
to O
restructure O
state O
banks O
. O

Under O
the O
plan O
, O
the O
federal O
government O
would O
provide O
100 O
percent O
of O
the O
financing O
needed O
to O
restructure O
debt O
of O
state O
banks O
being O
privatized O
, O
liquidated O
or O
turned O
into O
development O
banks O
. O

It O
also O
offers O
to O
refinance O
up O
to O
50 O
percent O
of O
the O
debt O
held O
by O
state O
banks O
whose O
governments O
decide O
to O
keep O
control O
of O
their O
banks O
. O

Although O
the O
plan O
was O
designed O
under O
terms O
proposed O
by O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
state O
governor O
Mario B-PER
Covas I-PER
, O
he O
has O
showed O
no O
interest O
in O
taking O
part O
in O
the O
plan O
because O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
's O
debt O
with O
Banespa B-ORG
has O
increased O
sharply O
, O
O B-ORG
Globo I-ORG
said O
. O

Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
state O
's O
debt O
is O
now O
estimated O
at O
19 O
billion O
reais O
. O

O B-ORG
Globo I-ORG
also O
said O
another O
delicate O
case O
to O
be O
solved O
involves O
private O
bank O
Bamerindus B-ORG
. O

The O
newspaper O
said O
Bamerindus B-ORG
has O
sent O
to O
the O
Central B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
a O
proposal O
for O
restructuring O
combined O
with O
a O
request O
for O
a O
90-day O
credit O
line O
, O
paying O
four O
percent O
a O
year O
plus O
the O
Basic O
Interest O
Rate O
of O
the O
Central B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
( O
TBC B-ORG
) O
. O

O B-ORG
Globo I-ORG
also O
said O
the O
loan O
would O
give O
Bamerindus B-ORG
time O
to O
sell O
assets O
. O

Bamerindus B-ORG
, O
Brazil B-LOC
's O
fourth-largest O
private O
bank O
, O
has O
been O
facing O
liquidity O
troubles O
. O

Bamerindus B-ORG
declined O
to O
comment O
on O
negotiations O
being O
held O
with O
the O
Central B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
. O

-- O
Fatima B-PER
Cristina I-PER
, O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
newsroom O
, O
55-11-2324411 O

-DOCSTART- O

Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
's O
Havel B-PER
to O
tour O
Brazil B-LOC
in O
September O
. O

BRASILIA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
President O
Vaclav B-PER
Havel I-PER
is O
scheduled O
to O
make O
an O
official O
visit O
to O
Brazil B-LOC
Sept O
. O

15-21 O
, O
Brazil B-LOC
's O
Foreign O
Relations O
Ministry O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Havel B-PER
is O
due O
to O
meet O
with O
his O
Brazilian B-MISC
counterpart O
Fernando B-PER
Henrique I-PER
Cardoso I-PER
in O
the O
capital O
Brasilia B-LOC
and O
will O
visit O
the O
cities O
of O
Manaus O
, O
Sao B-LOC
Paulo I-LOC
and O
Rio B-LOC
de I-LOC
Janeiro I-LOC
. O

Also O
due O
to O
visit O
Brazil B-LOC
in O
September O
are O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
President O
Kim B-PER
Young I-PER
Sam I-PER
and O
German B-MISC
Chancellor O
Helmut B-PER
Kohl I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Former O
Argentine B-MISC
benevolent O
dictator O
Alejandro B-PER
Lanusse I-PER
dies O
. O

BUENOS B-LOC
AIRES I-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Alejandro B-PER
Lanusse I-PER
, O
the O
former O
dictator O
who O
ruled O
Argentina B-LOC
for O
two O
years O
, O
died O
at O
age O
78 O
on O
Monday O
. O

Lanusse B-PER
died O
after O
being O
brought O
to O
a O
hospital O
a O
week O
ago O
following O
a O
fall O
at O
home O
that O
resulted O
in O
a O
blood O
clot O
in O
the O
brain O
. O

He O
was O
operated O
on O
earlier O
in O
the O
week O
but O
failed O
to O
recover O
from O
surgery O
. O

The O
former O
dictator O
, O
who O
ruled O
from O
1971 O
to O
1973 O
, O
was O
best O
known O
for O
allowing O
Juan B-PER
Domingo I-PER
Peron I-PER
, O
Argentina B-LOC
's O
famed O
populist O
leader O
, O
to O
return O
to O
Argentina B-LOC
after O
17 O
years O
of O
forced O
exile O
. O

Lanusse B-PER
took O
over O
the O
leadership O
of O
the O
country O
after O
five O
years O
of O
dictatorship O
. O

But O
unlike O
his O
two O
predecessors O
, O
Juan B-PER
Carlos I-PER
Ongania O
and O
Marcelo B-PER
Levingston I-PER
, O
who O
ruled O
Argentina B-LOC
with O
an O
iron O
hand O
, O
Lanusse B-PER
steered O
the O
country O
toward O
democracy O
. O

That O
resulted O
in O
general O
elections O
in O
March O
1973 O
when O
the O
Peronists B-ORG
led O
by O
Hector B-PER
Campora I-PER
and O
Vicente B-PER
Solano I-PER
Lima I-PER
returned O
to O
power O
. O

Lanusse B-PER
was O
a O
candidate O
in O
the O
election O
but O
failed O
to O
defeat O
his O
old O
adversories O
and O
never O
returned O
to O
public O
office O
. O

He O
was O
imprisoned O
for O
four O
years O
in O
1951 O
for O
taking O
part O
in O
a O
coup O
attempt O
to O
overthrow O
Peron B-PER
led O
by O
General O
Benjamin B-PER
Menendez I-PER
. O

Lanusse B-PER
's O
rule O
saw O
the O
gradual O
rise O
of O
left-wing O
activism O
which O
culminated O
in O
another O
period O
of O
brutal O
Argentine B-MISC
dictatorship O
from O
1976 O
to O
1983 O
, O
during O
which O
the O
military O
launched O
its O
" O
dirty O
war O
" O
that O
resulted O
in O
10,000 O
missing O
people O
. O

In O
his O
autobiography O
published O
in O
1990 O
, O
Lanusse B-PER
described O
himself O
as O
a O
military O
man O
with O
" O
democratic O
ideas O
. O
" O

He O
was O
born O
in O
Buenos B-LOC
Aires I-LOC
in O
1918 O
and O
married O
Ileana B-PER
Bell I-PER
with O
whom O
he O
had O
nine O
children O
. O

He O
entered O
the O
Military B-ORG
College I-ORG
in O
1935 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ten O
missing O
in O
north O
China B-LOC
ship O
collision O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Ten O
people O
were O
missing O
after O
a O
fishing O
boat O
collided O
with O
a O
passenger O
liner O
and O
sank O
off O
China B-LOC
's O
northeastern O
province O
of O
Liaoning B-LOC
, O
state O
radio O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
fishing O
boat O
sank O
and O
its O
entire O
crew O
was O
missing O
after O
a O
collision O
with O
the O
" O
Tiantan B-MISC
" O
liner O
off O
the O
port O
of O
Dalian B-LOC
early O
on O
Monday O
, O
the O
report O
said O
. O

It O
said O
the O
liner O
was O
heading O
to O
Dalian B-LOC
from O
the O
northern O
port O
of O
Tianjin B-LOC
, O
it O
said O
. O

Dalian B-LOC
port O
officials O
, O
contacted O
by O
telephone O
, O
confirmed O
the O
collision O
but O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Matahari B-ORG
revises O
down O
1996 O
net O
target O
. O

JAKARTA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Indonesian B-MISC
department O
store O
operator O
PT B-ORG
Matahari I-ORG
Putra I-ORG
Prima I-ORG
said O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
it O
had O
revised O
down O
its O
1996 O
net O
profit O
target O
. O

Matahari B-ORG
's O
finance O
director O
, O
Hanifah B-PER
Komala I-PER
, O
said O
they O
revised O
down O
net O
profit O
for O
1996 O
to O
46 O
billion O
from O
its O
original O
target O
of O
50 O
billion O
rupiah O
. O

" O
We O
have O
to O
revised O
down O
our O
target O
due O
to O
weak O
sales O
performance O
in O
the O
third O
quarter O
, O
" O
said O
Komala B-PER
. O

He O
also O
said O
the O
company O
expect O
to O
record O
a O
83 O
billion O
rupiah O
of O
net O
profit O
in O
1997 O
. O

-- O
Jakarta B-LOC
newsroom O
+6221 O
384-6364 O

-DOCSTART- O

S. B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
asked O
to O
stop O
China-bound B-MISC
missionaries O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Beijing B-LOC
has O
called O
on O
Seoul B-LOC
to O
stop O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
missionaries O
from O
travelling O
to O
China B-LOC
, O
a O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
embassy O
spokesman O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
appeal O
was O
made O
on O
Sunday O
during O
talks O
between O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
deputy O
Foreign O
Minister O
Lee B-PER
Ki-choo I-PER
and O
his O
Chinese B-MISC
counterpart O
Tang B-PER
Jiaxuan I-PER
, O
the O
spokesman O
said O
. O

It O
is O
not O
known O
why O
China B-LOC
raised O
the O
issue O
. O

Atheist O
China B-LOC
officially O
bans O
missionary O
activities O
but O
often O
turns O
a O
blind O
eye O
to O
religious O
activities O
of O
people O
nominally O
employed O
as O
foreign O
language O
teachers O
, O
particularly O
in O
remote O
areas O
that O
are O
unable O
to O
attract O
other O
candidates O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
nabs O
blind O
10-year-old O
illegal O
immigrant O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
blind O
10-year-old O
boy O
from O
China B-LOC
sneaked O
over O
the O
border O
into O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
and O
was O
arrested O
as O
an O
illegal O
immigrant O
, O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
police O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

He O
was O
caught O
by O
police O
trying O
to O
force O
his O
way O
into O
a O
home O
in O
the O
rural O
New B-LOC
Territories I-LOC
, O
a O
police O
spokesman O
said O
. O

" O
The O
boy O
came O
from O
China B-LOC
's O
eastern O
province O
of O
Jiangsu B-LOC
. O

He O
was O
spotted O
by O
a O
passerby O
trying O
to O
climb O
into O
an O
apartment O
in O
the O
early O
hours O
of O
Monday O
morning O
, O
" O
the O
spokesman O
said O
. O

No O
decision O
has O
yet O
been O
made O
on O
how O
to O
deal O
with O
the O
boy O
. O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
police O
regularly O
catch O
hundreds O
of O
illegal O
immigrants O
and O
people O
who O
have O
overstayed O
their O
visas O
from O
mainland O
China B-LOC
and O
send O
them O
back O
. O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
, O
a O
British B-MISC
colony O
, O
reverts O
to O
Chinese B-MISC
control O
next O
year O
but O
will O
remain O
sealed O
off O
from O
the O
mainland O
except O
to O
a O
tiny O
trickle O
of O
legal O
immigrants O
and O
people O
with O
special O
visit O
permits O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bosnian B-MISC
premier O
in O
Turkey B-LOC
for O
one O
day O
visit O
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Bosnian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Hasan B-PER
Muratovic I-PER
arrived O
in O
Ankara B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
for O
an O
official O
visit O
where O
he O
is O
due O
to O
discuss O
Turkey B-LOC
's O
aid O
to O
the O
former O
Yugoslav B-MISC
republic O
. O

The O
premier O
, O
who O
is O
due O
to O
meet O
his O
Turkish B-MISC
counterpart O
Necmettin B-PER
Erbakan I-PER
on O
Tuesday O
, O
will O
also O
be O
discussing O
the O
postponed O
Bosnian B-MISC
elections O
, O
a O
foreign O
ministry O
official O
said O
. O

A O
small O
number O
of O
Bosnians B-MISC
had O
also O
begun O
to O
vote O
in O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

Muratovic B-PER
is O
also O
due O
to O
meet O
with O
President O
Suleyman B-PER
Demirel I-PER
, O
Foreign O
Minister O
Tansu B-PER
Ciller I-PER
and O
Turkish B-MISC
businessman O
, O
the O
ministry O
official O
said O
. O

He O
will O
leave O
on O
Thursday O
. O

A O
U.S. B-LOC
diplomat O
in O
charge O
of O
elections O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
announced O
earlier O
that O
municipal O
polls O
due O
on O
September O
14 O
with O
other O
Bosnian B-MISC
elections O
would O
be O
put O
off O
because O
of O
irregularities O
by O
the O
Serbs B-MISC
in O
registering O
voters O
. O

He O
said O
no O
new O
date O
had O
been O
set O
yet O
. O

" O
Turkish B-MISC
people O
are O
watching O
closely O
the O
developments O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
. O

We O
have O
seen O
elections O
as O
a O
step O
in O
the O
normalisation O
process O
, O
" O
the O
foreign O
ministry O
official O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

New O
U.N. B-ORG
relief O
coordinator O
arrives O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

Leon B-PER
Barkho I-PER

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
new O
U.N. B-ORG
relief O
coordinator O
has O
arrived O
in O
Baghdad B-LOC
to O
take O
up O
the O
task O
of O
organising O
humanitarian O
goods O
distribution O
and O
to O
face O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
continuing O
opposition O
over O
the O
number O
of O
international O
monitors O
to O
be O
involved O
. O

U.N. B-ORG
and O
diplomatic O
sources O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
Secretary- O
General O
Boutros B-PER
Boutros-Ghali I-PER
had O
appointed O
Italian B-MISC
Gualtiero B-PER
Fulcheri I-PER
and O
sent O
him O
to O
Iraq B-LOC
last O
week O
to O
replace O
Moroccan B-MISC
Mohamed B-PER
Zejjari I-PER
. O

One O
diplomat O
said O
Iraq B-LOC
and O
U.N. B-ORG
were O
still O
in O
disagreement O
on O
how O
many O
international O
observers O
would O
be O
required O
to O
ascertain O
the O
equitable O
distribution O
of O
humanitarian O
supplies O
that O
will O
be O
procured O
under O
Baghdad B-LOC
's O
oil O
deal O
with O
U.N O
. O

" O
The O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
would O
like O
to O
employ O
hundreds O
of O
foreign O
monitors O
. O

Baghdad B-LOC
says O
it O
can O
only O
accept O
a O
few O
dozens O
, O
" O
said O
the O
diplomat O
. O

Baghdad B-LOC
holds O
that O
the O
Iraq-U.N. B-MISC
memorandum O
of O
understanding O
on O
partial O
oil O
sales O
signed O
last O
June O
does O
not O
specify O
how O
many O
foreign O
observers O
should O
be O
stationed O
in O
Iraq B-LOC
. O

" O
Observation O
of O
food O
supplies O
and O
their O
distribution O
are O
still O
a O
major O
issue O
and O
seems O
the O
two O
sides O
have O
not O
yet O
filled O
the O
gap O
separating O
them O
, O
" O
said O
another O
diplomat O
. O

Iraq B-LOC
's O
partial O
oil O
sales O
pact O
with O
U.N. B-ORG
, O
allowing O
crude O
exports O
worth O
$ O
2 O
billion O
every O
six O
months O
, O
gives O
U.N. B-ORG
the O
right O
to O
supervise O
the O
purchase O
and O
distribution O
of O
food O
supplies O
in O
the O
country O
. O

The O
deal O
is O
a O
humanitarian O
exception O
to O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
sanctions O
imposed O
on O
Iraq B-LOC
for O
invading O
Kuwait B-LOC
in O
1990 O
which O
include O
a O
ban O
on O
its O
oil O
exports O
. O

Fulcheri B-PER
declined O
comment O
on O
the O
differences O
between O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
and O
Iraq B-LOC
, O
saying O
only O
: O
" O
There O
are O
several O
different O
things O
which O
still O
need O
to O
be O
done O
. O
" O

Fulcheri B-PER
started O
his O
U.N. B-ORG
career O
in O
1960 O
and O
has O
long O
experience O
in O
U.N. B-ORG
emergency O
relief O
in O
Congo B-LOC
, O
Angola B-LOC
, O
Sudan B-LOC
and O
Somalia B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kansas B-LOC
feedlot O
cattle O
market O
quiet O
, O
no O
sales O
- O
USDA B-ORG
. O

DODGE B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Trade O
was O
quiet O
, O
with O
no O
sales O
slaughter O
steers O
or O
heifers O
confirmed O
. O

Inquiry O
and O
demand O
very O
light O
. O

Sales O
confirmed O
week O
to O
date O
on O
4,200 O
head O
, O
mostly O
previously O
contracted O
or O
formulated O
cattle O
. O

Confirmed O
- O
none O
. O

-- O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312 O
408 O
8720-- O

-DOCSTART- O

Anti-abortion O
speaker O
praises O
Democrat B-MISC
tolerance O
. O

Alan B-PER
Elsner I-PER

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

An O
anti-abortion O
politician O
addressed O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
convention O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
but O
praised O
the O
overwhelmingly O
pro-abortion O
rights O
party O
for O
its O
tolerance O
of O
his O
minority O
views O
. O

Rep B-MISC
. O

Tony B-PER
Hall I-PER
of O
Ohio B-LOC
said O
he O
and O
other O
Democrats B-MISC
who O
opposed O
abortion O
had O
always O
felt O
left O
out O
in O
their O
own O
party O
. O

" O
But O
this O
year O
is O
different O
. O

For O
the O
first O
time O
, O
the O
Democratic B-ORG
Party I-ORG
has O
included O
in O
our O
platform O
a O
conscience O
clause O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
clause O
recognizes O
and O
welcomes O
Democrats B-MISC
with O
divergent O
views O
on O
abortion O
and O
states O
they O
have O
a O
full O
part O
to O
play O
at O
all O
levels O
of O
the O
party O
. O

" O
The O
Democratic B-ORG
Party I-ORG
is O
indeed O
the O
party O
of O
true O
inclusiveness O
, O
" O
Hall B-PER
said O
. O

At O
its O
convention O
four O
years O
ago O
, O
organizers O
prevented O
then O
Pennsylvania B-LOC
Gov O
. O

Robert B-PER
Casey I-PER
, O
a O
vehement O
opponent O
of O
abortion O
, O
from O
speaking O
. O

Republicans B-MISC
have O
used O
their O
decision O
as O
an O
example O
of O
Democrat B-MISC
intolerance O
ever O
since O
. O

Casey B-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
he O
had O
asked O
to O
speak O
again O
this O
year O
but O
was O
turned O
down O
. O

Democratic B-MISC
leaders O
said O
there O
was O
not O
room O
on O
the O
program O
for O
every O
retired O
governor O
to O
speak O
. O

" O
I O
believe O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
party O
ought O
to O
be O
pro-woman O
, O
pro-child O
and O
pro-life O
, O
" O
Casey B-PER
said O
. O

" O
I O
asked O
for O
the O
opportunity O
to O
deliver O
this O
message O
from O
the O
podium O
of O
the O
Democrat B-ORG
National I-ORG
Convention I-ORG
. O

For O
the O
second O
time O
in O
four O
years O
, O
my O
request O
fell O
on O
deaf O
ears O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
Republican B-ORG
Party I-ORG
, O
whose O
platform O
calls O
for O
making O
all O
abortions O
illegal O
, O
faced O
a O
similar O
dilemma O
this O
year O
when O
Massachusetts B-LOC
Gov O
. O

William B-PER
Weld I-PER
asked O
to O
deliver O
a O
speech O
defending O
abortion O
rights O
and O
was O
turned O
down O
. O

Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
, O
the O
Republican B-MISC
presidential O
nominee O
, O
tried O
and O
failed O
to O
insert O
a O
tolerance O
clause O
in O
his O
party O
's O
platform O
recognizing O
the O
validity O
of O
those O
within O
the O
party O
who O
supported O
abortion O
rights O
. O

Democrats B-MISC
also O
heard O
Tuesday O
two O
passionate O
speeches O
defending O
abortion O
rights O
. O

Kate B-PER
Michelman I-PER
, O
president O
of O
the O
National B-ORG
Abortion I-ORG
Rights I-ORG
Action I-ORG
League I-ORG
, O
described O
how O
she O
had O
an O
abortion O
at O
a O
time O
when O
the O
procedure O
was O
illegal O
after O
her O
husband O
abandoned O
her O
with O
three O
young O
children O
. O

" O
I O
'm O
here O
to O
speak O
up O
for O
choice O
and O
to O
speak O
for O
truth O
. O

The O
message O
from O
the O
Republican B-ORG
Party I-ORG
is O
one O
of O
disdain O
. O

Their O
answer O
to O
choice O
is O
control O
and O
punishment O
. O

Our O
answer O
is O
trust O
, O
compassion O
and O
respect O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

Georgia B-LOC
Rep B-MISC
. O

Cynthia B-PER
McKinney I-PER
said O
: O
" O
You O
make O
your O
moral O
decisions O
. O

I O
'll O
make O
mine O
and O
let O
's O
leave O
( O
Republican B-ORG
House I-ORG
Speaker O
) O
Newt B-PER
Gingrich I-PER
out O
of O
it O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
Spring O
/ O
White O
Wheat O
- O
Bids O
mostly O
steady O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Dark O
northern O
spring O
and O
white O
wheat O
bids O
were O
mostly O
steady O
on O
Tuesday O
but O
a O
few O
locations O
quoted O
weaker O
values O
as O
newly O
harvested O
spring O
wheat O
flooded O
the O
market O
, O
several O
cash O
grain O
dealers O
said O
. O

" O
There O
's O
too O
much O
nearby O
wheat O
coming O
into O
the O
market O
so O
we O
're O
backing O
off O
the O
basis O
to O
slow O
it O
down O
, O
" O
a O
Montana B-LOC
dealer O
said O
. O

Bids O
there O
dropped O
10 O
cents O
per O
bushel O
. O

Harvest O
was O
also O
progressing O
well O
in O
parts O
of O
North B-LOC
Dakota I-LOC
, O
but O
one O
dealer O
there O
said O
new O
crop O
movement O
remained O
limited O
to O
a O
steady O
trickle O
. O
" O

We O
're O
seeing O
some O
new O
crop O
coming O
in O
now O
but O
it O
's O
slow O
going O
, O
" O
the O
dealer O
said O
. O

Elsewhere O
, O
basis O
values O
were O
mostly O
steady O
in O
quiet O
conditions O
with O
little O
noteworty O
domestic O
or O
export O
business O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

Durum O
bids O
were O
steady O
after O
jumping O
50 O
cents O
per O
bushel O
in O
some O
areas O
on O
Monday O
. O

Price O
per O
bushel O
for O
14-pct O
protein O
dark O
northern O
spring O
, O
durum O
and O
white O
wheats O
, O
in O
dollars O
per O
bushel O
: O

Spring O
Chg O
Durum O
( O
m O
) O
Chg O
White O
Chg O

MINNESOTA B-LOC

Minneapolis B-LOC
5.06 O
up O
.02 O
5.75 O
unc O
-- O
-- O

Duluth B-LOC
5.06 O
up O
.02 O
--- O
--- O
-- O
-- O

NORTH B-LOC
DAKOTA I-LOC

Hunter B-LOC

( O
Red B-LOC
River I-LOC
) O
4.46 O
dn O
.02 O
5.00 O
unc O
-- O
-- O

Spring B-LOC
Chg O
HRW O
12pct O
Chg O
White O
Chg O

Billings B-LOC
MT B-LOC
4.62 O
up O
.01 O
4.50 O
dn O
.01 O
--- O
--- O

Havre B-LOC
MT B-LOC
4.54 O
dn O
.10 O
--- O
--- O
--- O
--- O

Rudyard B-LOC
MT B-LOC
4.54 O
dn O
.10 O
--- O
--- O
--- O
--- O

Wolf B-LOC
Point I-LOC
MT B-LOC
4.41 O
dn O
.10 O
--- O
--- O
--- O
--- O

Portland B-LOC
OR B-LOC
5.60 O
up O
.02 O
5.1700 O
dn O
.01 O

Pendleton B-LOC
OR B-LOC
--- O
--- O
--- O
--- O
4.7300 O
up O
.01 O

Coolee B-LOC
City I-LOC
WA B-LOC
5.13 O
up O
.02 O
--- O
--- O
4.7000 O
unc O

Waterville B-LOC
WA B-LOC
5.05 O
up O
.02 O
--- O
--- O
4.6200 O
unc O

Wenatchee B-LOC
WA B-LOC
5.15 O
up O
.02 O
--- O
--- O
4.7200 O
unc O

note O
: O
nc=acomparison O
, O
na=not O
available O

( O
Chicago B-LOC
bureau O
312-408-8720 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Birmingham B-LOC
Public I-LOC
Park I-LOC
, O
Ala B-LOC
. O

, O
Aa3 O
/ O
VMIG-1 O
- O
Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
Investors I-ORG
Service I-ORG
- O

Rating O
Announcement O
As O
of O
08/23/96 O
. O

Issuer O
: O
Birmingham B-LOC
Public I-LOC
Park I-LOC
& I-LOC
Rec I-LOC
. O

Bd O
. O

Revenue O

ref O
. O

( O
YMCA B-ORG
Proj O
. O

) O
ser O
. O
' O

96 O

State O
: O
AL B-LOC

Rating O
: O
Aa3 O
/ O
VMIG O
1 O

Sale O
Amount O
: O
3,390,000 O

Expected O
Sale O
Date O
: O
08/28/96 O

-- O
U.S. B-ORG
Municipal I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1650 O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
lauds O
Russian-Chechen B-MISC
deal O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
welcomed O
a O
deal O
aimed O
at O
resuming O
a O
troop O
withdrawal O
from O
the O
embattled O
Chechen B-MISC
capital O
, O
Grozny B-LOC
. O

" O
That O
is O
a O
welcome O
development O
. O

We O
urge O
both O
sides O
to O
continue O
their O
dialogue O
aimed O
at O
reaching O
a O
political O
settlement O
" O
of O
the O
20-month O
conflict O
between O
Russian B-MISC
troops O
and O
Chechen B-MISC
rebels O
, O
State B-ORG
Department I-ORG
spokesman O
Glyn B-PER
Davies I-PER
said O
. O

The O
commander O
of O
Russian B-MISC
troops O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
Vyacheslav B-PER
Tikhomirov I-PER
, O
and O
Chechen B-MISC
rebel O
chief-of-staff O
Aslan B-PER
Mashadov I-PER
signed O
the O
deal O
under O
which O
the O
troop O
withdrawal O
is O
to O
resume O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Akron B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
, O
$ O
6 O
mln O
bonds O
rated O
single-A O
- O
Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
, O
Aug O
27 O
- O
Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
Investors I-ORG
Service I-ORG
- O
Rating O

Announcement O
As O
of O
08/26/96 O
. O

Issuer O
: O
Akron B-ORG

State O
: O
OH B-LOC

Rating O
: O
A O

Sale O
Amount O
: O
6,310,000 O

Expected O
Sale O
Date O
: O
08/28/96 O

-DOCSTART- O

Stallone B-PER
, O
fiancee O
have O
baby O
girl O
. O

MIAMI B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Actor O
Sylvester B-PER
Stallone I-PER
and O
his O
fiancee O
, O
model O
Jennifer B-PER
Flavin I-PER
, O
had O
a O
baby O
girl O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
Stallone B-PER
's O
publicist O
said O
. O

The O
7-pound O
, O
4-ounce O
( O
3.3 O
kg O
) O
girl O
, O
named O
Sophia B-PER
Rose I-PER
, O
was O
born O
shortly O
after O
midnight O
at O
South B-LOC
Miami I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
, O
publicist O
Paul B-PER
Bloch I-PER
said O
. O

" O
Both O
mother O
and O
baby O
are O
doing O
fine O
and O
are O
in O
wonderful O
health O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
adding O
that O
it O
was O
the O
couple O
's O
first O
child O
. O

He O
said O
Stallone B-PER
, O
best O
known O
for O
the O
" O
Rocky B-MISC
" O
and O
" O
Rambo B-MISC
" O
movies O
, O
left O
the O
set O
of O
" O
Copland B-MISC
, O
" O
which O
is O
filming O
in O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
and O
New B-LOC
Jersey I-LOC
, O
to O
be O
with O
Flavin B-PER
for O
the O
birth O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Poll O
shows O
Clinton B-PER
lead O
over O
Dole B-PER
jumps O
to O
15 O
pts O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

An O
ABC B-ORG
News I-ORG
poll O
released O
on O
Tuesday O
showed O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
's O
lead O
over O
Republican B-MISC
challenger O
Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
stretching O
to O
15 O
points O
in O
advance O
of O
the O
Nov. O
5 O
election O
. O

The O
poll O
, O
taken O
on O
Sunday O
and O
Monday O
as O
the O
president O
engaged O
in O
a O
whistle-stop O
train O
trip O
to O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
Convention I-MISC
in O
Chicago B-LOC
, O
put O
Clinton B-PER
at O
51 O
percent O
, O
Dole B-PER
at O
36 O
percent O
and O
Ross B-PER
Perot I-PER
of O
the O
Reform B-ORG
Party I-ORG
at O
8 O
percent O
. O

A O
similar O
poll O
conducted O
on O
Saturday O
and O
Sunday O
had O
showed O
a O
nine O
point O
lead O
for O
Clinton B-PER
, O
ahead O
by O
47-38 O
percent O
. O

Dole B-PER
, O
down O
by O
around O
20 O
points O
in O
early O
August O
in O
ABC B-ORG
polls O
, O
had O
closed O
to O
within O
four O
percentage O
points O
immediately O
after O
the O
Republican B-MISC
convention O
in O
San B-LOC
Diego I-LOC
earlier O
in O
August O
. O

Other O
polls O
also O
showed O
a O
strong O
Dole B-PER
bounce O
after O
San B-LOC
Diego I-LOC
but O
Clinton B-PER
then O
rebuilding O
his O
lead O
. O

Tuesday O
's O
poll O
involved O
1,002 O
registered O
voters O
and O
had O
a O
margin O
of O
error O
of O
3.5 O
percentage O
points O
. O

ABC B-ORG
said O
a O
parallel O
poll O
of O
824 O
likely O
voters O
showed O
the O
president O
ahead O
by O
11 O
points O
, O
with O
Clinton B-PER
at O
50 O
percent O
, O
Dole B-PER
at O
39 O
percent O
and O
Perot B-PER
at O
6 O
percent O
. O

The O
poll O
of O
registered O
voters O
showed O
a O
shift O
in O
favor O
of O
the O
Democrats B-MISC
in O
the O
elections O
for O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Representatives I-ORG
, O
with O
51 O
percent O
saying O
that O
if O
the O
vote O
were O
today O
they O
would O
go O
for O
a O
Democrat B-MISC
and O
41 O
percent O
opting O
for O
a O
Republican B-MISC
. O

That O
compared O
with O
the O
previous O
poll O
's O
48-43 O
lead O
for O
the O
Democrats B-MISC
. O

The O
poll O
gave O
Clinton B-PER
a O
53 O
percent O
to O
39 O
percent O
lead O
over O
Dole B-PER
if O
Perot B-PER
were O
not O
in O
the O
race O
. O

The O
poll O
indicated O
a O
fall O
in O
the O
number O
of O
people O
who O
believed O
Dole B-PER
would O
be O
able O
to O
fulfil O
his O
promise O
to O
cut O
the O
federal O
budget O
deficit O
and O
cut O
income O
taxes O
by O
15 O
percent O
at O
the O
same O
time O
. O

It O
showed O
23 O
percent O
believed O
it O
possible O
compared O
to O
70 O
who O
believed O
it O
was O
n't O
. O

That O
compared O
to O
26-57 O
in O
the O
previous O
poll O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
bulk O
millfeeds O
- O
Immediate O
supply O
tight O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Millfeed O
supplies O
for O
prompt O
shipment O
remained O
tight O
and O
prices O
continued O
to O
move O
higher O
, O
millfeed O
dealers O
said O
. O

High-priced O
corn O
and O
increased O
demand O
for O
livestock O
feed O
continued O
to O
support O
millfeed O
prices O
in O
nearly O
all O
sectors O
. O

Flour O
mills O
sold O
much O
of O
their O
production O
through O
September O
leaving O
little O
available O
for O
prompt O
shipment O
. O

Portland B-LOC
sources O
said O
feed O
mixer O
demand O
was O
keeping O
pace O
with O
millfeed O
production O
and O
driving O
prices O
higher O
. O

Portland B-LOC
sources O
said O
with O
corn O
priced O
there O
at O
$ O
200 O
per O
ton O
and O
barley O
at O
$ O
140 O
, O
the O
millfeeds O
at O
$ O
125 O
represent O
a O
good O
value O
. O

In O
the O
southeast O
U.S. B-LOC
, O
dealers O
said O
feed O
mixers O
continued O
to O
be O
steady O
buyers O
with O
demand O
increasing O
for O
October O
to O
March O
positions O
. O

The O
closely-watched O
Kansas B-LOC
City I-LOC
rail O
market O
was O
steady O
at O
$ O
115 O
per O
ton O
bid O
and O
$ O
118 O
offered O
. O

-- O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312-408-8720-- O

-DOCSTART- O

Puerto B-LOC
Rico I-LOC
girl O
has O
surgery O
for O
hairy O
face O
. O

PHILADELPHIA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
two-year O
old O
Puerto B-MISC
Rican I-MISC
girl O
began O
surgical O
treatment O
on O
Tuesday O
for O
a O
rare O
condition O
that O
has O
left O
half O
of O
her O
face O
covered O
with O
a O
hairy O
, O
dark-brown O
patch O
of O
skin O
. O

The O
girl O
, O
Abyss B-PER
DeJesus I-PER
, O
suffers O
from O
a O
" O
hairy O
nevus O
" O
on O
the O
right O
side O
of O
her O
face O
, O
a O
condition O
that O
has O
only O
been O
reported O
a O
few O
times O
in O
medical O
journals O
, O
the O
St. B-LOC
Christopher I-LOC
Children I-LOC
's I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
said O
. O

In O
addition O
to O
social O
ostracism O
, O
the O
condition O
also O
carries O
a O
high O
risk O
of O
cancer O
. O

It O
will O
be O
corrected O
by O
gradually O
expanding O
healthy O
skin O
with O
a O
surgical O
balloon O
, O
then O
transplanting O
that O
skin O
to O
the O
afflicted O
side O
of O
her O
face O
. O

" O
She O
is O
doing O
well O
, O
" O
hospital O
spokeswoman O
Carol B-PER
Norris I-PER
said O
. O
" O

The O
surgery O
is O
under O
way O
. O
" O

Norris B-PER
said O
Tuesday O
's O
surgery O
involved O
placing O
five O
balloons O
in O
DeJesus B-PER
's O
forehead O
, O
shoulders O
and O
the O
back O
of O
her O
neck O
and O
partially O
filling O
them O
with O
a O
saline O
solution O
. O

More O
saline O
solution O
will O
be O
inserted O
in O
16 O
weekly O
treatments O
. O

The O
girl O
, O
who O
was O
accompanied O
to O
Philadelphia B-LOC
by O
her O
parents O
, O
will O
need O
more O
surgery O
later O
to O
correct O
the O
condition O
on O
her O
chest O
, O
back O
and O
legs O
, O
the O
hospital O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Eau B-ORG
Claire I-ORG
, O
Wisc B-LOC
. I-LOC

revs O
won O
by O
Robert B-ORG
W. I-ORG
Baird I-ORG
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Robert B-ORG
W. I-ORG
Baird I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. I-ORG

, B-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
, O
said O
it O
won O
$ O
1 O
million O
of O
Eau B-ORG
Claire I-ORG
, O
Wisc B-LOC
. I-LOC

, O
waterworks O
system O
mortgage O
revenue O
bonds O
, O
Series O
1996 O
, O
with O
a O
true O
interest O
cost O
of O
5.2893 O
percent O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Massachusetts B-LOC
home O
sales O
dip O
in O
July O
- O
report O
. O

BOSTON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Home O
sales O
across O
Massachusetts B-LOC
were O
down O
2.3 O
percent O
in O
July O
, O
compared O
to O
a O
month O
earlier O
, O
but O
up O
21 O
percent O
for O
the O
year O
, O
according O
to O
the O
Massachusetts B-ORG
Association I-ORG
of I-ORG
Realtors I-ORG
. O

The O
association O
said O
a O
total O
of O
4,464 O
single-family O
homes O
were O
sold O
in O
July O
, O
compared O
to O
4,570 O
in O
June O
. O

The O
average O
selling O
price O
, O
$ O
206,464 O
, O
was O
up O
10.6 O
percent O
over O
July O
1995 O
. O

Condominium O
sales O
edged O
up O
6.0 O
percent O
for O
July O
and O
24.8 O
percent O
for O
the O
year O
, O
the O
group O
said O
, O
while O
prices O
for O
condos O
nudged O
up O
less O
than O
1.0 O
percent O
to O
an O
average O
of O
$ O
123,394 O
. O

In O
July O
, O
the O
average O
rate O
on O
a O
30-year O
fixed O
rate O
mortgage O
was O
8.25 O
percent O
, O
below O
June O
's O
8.32 O
percent O
but O
still O
higher O
than O
February O
's O
7.03 O
percent O
, O
the O
report O
noted O
. O

-- O
Boston B-LOC
bureau O
, O
617-367-4106 O

-DOCSTART- O

Amtrak B-ORG
train O
derails O
, O
three O
injured O
- O
officials O
. O

MONTPELIER B-LOC
, O
Vt B-LOC
. O

1996-08-27 O

At O
least O
three O
people O
were O
injured O
when O
an O
Amtrak B-ORG
passenger O
train O
slammed O
into O
an O
empty O
logging O
truck O
and O
derailed O
Tuesday O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

The B-MISC
Vermonter I-MISC
, O
which O
runs O
between O
St. B-LOC
Albans I-LOC
, O
Vermont B-LOC
, O
near O
the O
Canadian B-MISC
border O
and O
Washington B-LOC
, I-LOC
D.C. I-LOC
, O
collided O
with O
the O
truck O
at O
7:51 O
a.m. O
EDT O
near O
the O
rural O
town O
of O
Roxbury B-LOC
some O
15 O
miles O
southeast O
of O
the O
state O
capital O
Montpelier B-LOC
, O
Amtrak B-ORG
spokeswoman O
Maureen B-PER
Garrity I-PER
said O
. O

Vermont B-LOC
Central I-LOC
Hospital I-LOC
spokesman O
Dan B-PER
Pudvah I-PER
said O
two O
of O
the O
injured O
were O
treated O
there O
-- O
the O
truck O
driver O
, O
who O
was O
suffering O
from O
multiple O
trauma O
injuries O
, O
and O
a O
passenger O
. O

Pudvah B-PER
said O
he O
understood O
other O
people O
with O
minor O
injuries O
were O
being O
treated O
at O
the O
scene O
. O

Garrity B-PER
said O
a O
train O
conductor O
was O
also O
injured O
. O

The O
train O
's O
engine O
and O
its O
six O
cars O
derailed O
but O
were O
still O
standing O
, O
state O
police O
said O
. O

The O
exact O
number O
of O
passangers O
on O
the O
train O
was O
not O
known O
. O
" O

We O
had O
70 O
reservations O
for O
the O
train O
, O
but O
that O
does O
n't O
mean O
there O
were O
70 O
passengers O
aboard O
, O
" O
Garrity B-PER
said O
. O

Uninjured O
passengers O
were O
to O
be O
taken O
by O
bus O
to O
Springfield B-LOC
, O
Massachusetts B-LOC
, O
where O
they O
will O
be O
put O
aboard O
another O
train O
to O
continue O
their O
journey O
to O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
City I-LOC
and O
Washington B-LOC
, O
Garrity B-PER
said O
. O

She O
said O
the O
train O
was O
travelling O
at O
54 O
mph O
when O
it O
crashed O
into O
the O
truck O
, O
which O
was O
crossing O
the O
tracks O
onto O
a O
dirt O
road O
in O
the O
rural O
area O
bordering O
the O
Northfield B-LOC
Mountains I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Paralympics B-MISC
an O
example O
for O
gloomy O
France-Juppe B-MISC
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Prime O
Minister O
Alain B-PER
Juppe I-PER
on O
Tuesday O
hailed O
handicapped O
athletes O
who O
took O
part O
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
's O
Paralympic B-MISC
Games I-MISC
as O
an O
example O
for O
gloom-stricken O
France B-LOC
. O

" O
What O
we O
hear O
every O
morning O
is O
gloom O
, O
resignation O
and O
scepticism O
... O

You O
are O
the O
opposite O
, O
" O
Juppe B-PER
told O
a O
successful O
French B-MISC
team O
at O
Paris B-LOC
airport O
as O
he O
welcomed O
them O
back O
from O
the O
games O
which O
followed O
the O
July-August O
Olympics B-MISC
. O

" O
If O
you O
had O
been O
struck O
... O

by O
the O
disease O
of O
scepticism O
, O
gloom O
and O
resignation O
, O
you O
would O
not O
be O
here O
. O

You O
are O
a O
true O
example O
for O
the O
nation O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
French B-MISC
team O
won O
95 O
medals O
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
, O
35 O
of O
them O
gold O
. O

Opinion O
polls O
consistently O
show O
French B-MISC
voters O
pessimistic O
and O
fed O
up O
as O
the O
economy O
stagnates O
and O
unemployement O
lingers O
at O
near-record O
levels O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

French B-MISC
shares O
end O
fractionally O
weaker O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

French B-MISC
shares O
ended O
fractionally O
weaker O
as O
unease O
about O
union O
unrest O
slated O
for O
the O
autumn O
and O
a O
weaker O
franc O
got O
the O
better O
of O
a O
slight O
rise O
on O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
. O

The O
blue-chip O
CAC-40 B-MISC
index O
ended O
2.43 O
points O
or O
0.12 O
percent O
lower O
at O
2,017.99 O
points O
after O
a O
brief O
foray O
into O
positive O
territory O
when O
the O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
stock O
market O
opened O
higher O
. O

The O
broader O
SBF-120 B-MISC
index O
closed O
1.19 O
points O
or O
0.08 O
percent O
lower O
at O
1,421.90 O
points O
. O

Market O
turnover O
was O
3.8 O
billion O
francs O
, O
about O
average O
for O
the O
quiet O
August O
period O
, O
including O
2.6 O
billion O
on O
the O
most O
actively O
traded O
CAC-40 B-MISC
shares O
. O

The O
Socialist O
CFDT B-ORG
union O
warned O
of O
" O
tension O
and O
conflict O
" O
when O
France B-LOC
returns O
to O
work O
after O
the O
summer O
break O
and O
called O
for O
a O
drive O
to O
create O
up O
to O
500,000 O
jobs O
in O
nine O
months O
. O

A O
teachers O
' O
union O
, O
the O
Federation B-ORG
Syndicale I-ORG
Unitaire I-ORG
( O
FSU B-ORG
) O
, O
called O
for O
members O
to O
protest O
against O
job O
cuts O
expected O
in O
the O
government O
's O
austerity O
budget O
due O
to O
be O
unveiled O
in O
September O
. O

Anxieties O
over O
the O
budget O
niggled O
the O
currency O
markets O
where O
the O
franc O
lost O
around O
half O
a O
centime O
from O
Monday O
's O
late O
European B-MISC
levels O
to O
3.4211 O
per O
mark O
. O

Index O
heavyweights O
Elf B-ORG
and O
Rhone B-ORG
Poulenc I-ORG
both O
ended O
slightly O
weaker O
while O
active O
Eurotunnel B-LOC
was O
unchanged O
on O
nearly O
a O
million O
shares O
traded O
. O

" O
People O
are O
morose O
and O
it O
's O
not O
the O
post-holiday O
period O
or O
the O
budget O
or O
company O
results O
that O
are O
going O
to O
lift O
anyone O
's O
spirits O
, O
" O
a O
broker O
said O
. O

* O
UIC B-ORG
, O
part O
of O
insurer O
GAN B-ORG
, O
slid O
12.19 O
percent O
to O
55.1 O
francs O
after O
reporting O
a O
net O
attributable O
first-half O
loss O
of O
758 O
million O
francs O
after O
the O
close O
on O
Monday O
. O

Markets O
were O
disappointed O
by O
a O
recapitalisation O
of O
800 O
million O
francs O
which O
commentators O
said O
was O
larger O
than O
expected O
. O

* O
Supermarkets O
group O
Carrefour B-ORG
gained O
2.19 O
percent O
to O
2,616 O
francs O
after O
brokers O
Cheuvreux B-ORG
de I-ORG
Virieu I-ORG
confirmed O
the O
stock O
on O
their O
buy O
list O
, O
a O
fund O
manager O
said O
. O

* O
Reinsurance O
group O
Scor B-ORG
gained O
2.1 O
percent O
to O
202 O
francs O
on O
news O
that O
British B-MISC
insurer O
Prudential B-ORG
had O
sold O
its O
Mercantile B-ORG
& I-ORG
General I-ORG
reinsurance O
business O
to O
Swiss B-MISC
Re B-ORG
. O

* O
Conglomerate O
Bollore B-ORG
lost O
2.4 O
percent O
to O
521 O
francs O
after O
a O
morning O
trading O
suspension O
during O
which O
it O
said O
it O
had O
approved O
plans O
to O
buy O
out O
its O
73.83 O
percent O
owned O
transport O
unit O
Scac B-ORG
Delmas I-ORG
Vileujeux I-ORG
( O
SDV B-ORG
) O
and O
invited O
shareholders O
to O
tender O
their O
shares O
. O

* O
Alcatel B-ORG
Alsthom I-ORG
fell O
1.7 O
percent O
to O
395.0 O
. O

* O
Opthalmic B-MISC
products O
manufacturer O
Essilor B-ORG
gained O
2.6 O
percent O
to O
1,328 O
francs O
after O
Oakley B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
of O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
said O
it O
had O
been O
granted O
an O
option O
to O
buy O
the O
non-prescription O
lens O
production O
unit O
of O
Gentext B-ORG
Optics I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
an O
Essilor B-ORG
International I-ORG
subsidiary O
. O

-- O
Paris B-LOC
newsroom O
+331 O
4221 O
5452 O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
Newspapers O
- O
August O
27 O
. O

Following O
are O
some O
of O
the O
main O
stories O
in O
Tuesday O
's O
Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
newspapers O
: O

--- O

VEERAKESARI B-ORG

Bomb O
blast O
in O
TELO B-ORG
office O
in O
Trincomalee B-LOC
kills O
one O
, O
wounds O
six O
. O

One O
officer O
and O
a O
soldier O
killed O
in O
accidental O
clash O
between O
two O
groups O
of O
soldiers O
near O
Chavakachcheri B-LOC
in O
Jaffna B-LOC
. O

Army O
sentries O
thought O
a O
group O
of O
soldiers O
approaching O
them O
were O
Tamil B-MISC
rebels O
and O
opened O
fire O
. O

--- O

THINAKARAN B-ORG

TULF O
leader O
M. B-PER
Sivasiththamparam I-PER
says O
it O
is O
meaningless O
to O
talk O
to O
UNP B-ORG
about O
peace O
package O
and O
that O
the O
government O
should O
submit O
peace O
plan O
to O
parliament O
very O
soon O
. O

--- O

DAILY B-ORG
NEWS I-ORG

Bread O
and O
flour O
prices O
have O
been O
raised O
with O
immediate O
effect O
but O
government O
will O
provide O
relief O
to O
underpriviledged O
sections O
of O
society O
. O

--- O

THE B-ORG
ISLAND I-ORG

Excise O
Commissioner O
W.N.F. B-PER
Chandraratne I-PER
denies O
allegations O
that O
new O
guidelines O
in O
issue O
of O
liquor O
licences O
are O
aimed O
at O
forcing O
large O
number O
of O
liquor O
licence O
holders O
out O
of O
business O
for O
political O
reasons O
. O

--- O

LANKADEEPA B-ORG

Tamil B-ORG
Tiger I-ORG
rebels O
have O
sent O
12 O
female O
suicide O
bombers O
to O
stage O
simultaneous O
attacks O
on O
President O
Chandrika B-PER
Kumaratunga I-PER
's O
motorcade O
in O
Colombo B-LOC
. O

--- O

DIVAINA B-ORG

Cultural O
Ministry O
planning O
to O
spend O
large O
sum O
of O
money O
to O
buy O
silver O
crown O
believed O
to O
have O
been O
worn O
by O
ancient O
king O
and O
now O
in O
Australia B-LOC
. O

--- O

DINAMINA B-ORG

Government O
closes O
Ruhunu B-ORG
University I-ORG
indefinitely O
after O
big O
clash O
between O
two O
groups O
of O
students O
in O
which O
eight O
were O
wounded O
and O
hospitalised O
. O

-- O
Colombo B-LOC
newsroom O
tel O
941-434319 O

-DOCSTART- O

Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
turns O
86 O
but O
still O
in O
danger O
. O

Rupam B-PER
Banerjee I-PER

CALCUTTA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
spent O
her O
86th O
birthday O
in O
a O
Calcutta B-LOC
hospital O
bed O
on O
Tuesday O
as O
tributes O
to O
the O
legendary O
missionary O
poured O
in O
from O
around O
the O
world O
. O

Doctors O
said O
that O
later O
in O
the O
day O
they O
would O
try O
to O
wean O
the O
Nobel B-MISC
Peace I-MISC
Prize I-MISC
laureate O
from O
the O
respirator O
that O
has O
aided O
her O
breathing O
for O
the O
past O
six O
days O
. O

" O
Her O
condition O
seems O
to O
be O
better O
, O
but O
the O
danger O
remains O
as O
long O
as O
she O
is O
on O
respirator O
, O
" O
an O
official O
at O
Woodlands B-LOC
Nursing I-LOC
Home I-LOC
said O
. O
" O

She O
is O
conscious O
but O
her O
breathing O
is O
irregular O
. O
" O

The O
revered O
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
nun O
was O
admitted O
to O
the O
Calcutta B-LOC
hospital I-LOC
a O
week O
ago O
with O
high O
fever O
and O
severe O
vomiting O
. O

She O
later O
suffered O
heart O
failure O
and O
was O
diagnosed O
with O
malaria O
. O

Her O
fever O
has O
since O
abated O
and O
the O
heart O
failure O
has O
been O
brought O
under O
control O
, O
but O
her O
heart O
continues O
to O
beat O
irregularly O
, O
doctors O
said O
. O

" O
Unless O
she O
breathes O
on O
her O
own O
, O
I O
would O
advise O
you O
to O
keep O
your O
fingers O
crossed O
, O
" O
said O
a O
doctor O
who O
was O
familiar O
with O
her O
case O
but O
not O
part O
of O
the O
six-member O
team O
treating O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
. O

The O
nun O
's O
birthday O
prompted O
greetings O
, O
bouquets O
and O
prayers O
from O
around O
the O
world O
. O

Pope B-PER
John I-PER
Paul I-PER
II O
and O
Israeli B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
David B-PER
Levy I-PER
sent O
her O
get-well O
messages O
, O
the O
Press B-ORG
Trust I-ORG
of I-ORG
India I-ORG
said O
. O

" O
Ask O
for O
a O
miracle O
. O

Happy O
Birthday O
to O
our O
Dearest O
Mother O
, O
" O
read O
a O
placard O
at O
the O
Shishu B-ORG
Bhavan I-ORG
children O
's O
home O
in O
central O
Calcutta B-LOC
run O
by O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
's O
Missionaries B-ORG
of I-ORG
Charity I-ORG
. O

On O
Monday O
, O
both O
houses O
of O
India B-LOC
's O
parliament O
wished O
the O
nation O
's O
adopted O
sister O
a O
happy O
birthday O
and O
speedy O
recovery O
from O
her O
illness O
. O

Prayers O
continued O
in O
Calcutta B-LOC
, O
one O
of O
the O
world O
's O
poorest O
cities O
, O
where O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
's O
Missionaries B-ORG
of I-ORG
Charity I-ORG
runs O
several O
homes O
for O
the O
poor O
and O
destitute O
. O

Street O
children O
, O
some O
of O
them O
born O
to O
prostitutes O
, O
held O
prayers O
on O
the O
street O
. O
" O

All O
of O
us O
know O
about O
her O
. O

She O
is O
like O
a O
goddess O
, O
" O
said O
Raju O
, O
8 O
, O
who O
has O
a O
mother O
but O
no O
father O
. O

The B-ORG
Statesman I-ORG
newspaper O
quoted O
40-year-old O
Mangala B-PER
Das I-PER
, O
paralysed O
from O
her O
waist O
down O
and O
a O
resident O
of O
the O
Prem B-ORG
Dan I-ORG
( O
Gift B-ORG
of I-ORG
Love I-ORG
) O
home O
for O
the O
destitute O
, O
as O
saying O
she O
and O
her O
friends O
had O
been O
praying O
incessantly O
for O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
's O
recovery O
. O

Tarak B-PER
Das I-PER
, O
70 O
, O
was O
picked O
up O
from O
a O
Calcutta B-LOC
footpath O
a O
week O
ago O
by O
passers-by O
who O
took O
pity O
on O
him O
and O
brought O
him O
to O
Nirmal B-LOC
Hriday I-LOC
( O
Immaculate O
Home O
) O
. O

" O
I O
do O
not O
know O
who O
she O
is O
. O

I O
have O
never O
seen O
her O
, O
but O
I O
can O
only O
bless O
her O
for O
what O
she O
has O
done O
for O
people O
like O
me O
, O
" O
Das B-PER
told O
The B-ORG
Statesman I-ORG
. O

Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
's O
condition O
improved O
on O
Sunday O
as O
her O
fever O
abated O
, O
and O
on O
Monday O
she O
was O
able O
to O
scribble O
notes O
to O
doctors O
and O
nuns O
. O

Thousands O
in O
Calcutta B-LOC
, O
where O
she O
founded O
her O
Missionaries B-ORG
of I-ORG
Charity I-ORG
religious O
order O
in O
1949 O
, O
prayed O
for O
her O
recovery O
. O

Ministers O
of O
the O
communist O
government O
of O
West B-LOC
Bengal I-LOC
state O
and O
people O
of O
different O
religions O
joined O
Catholics B-MISC
to O
pray O
for O
Mother B-PER
Teresa I-PER
's O
recovery O
at O
Mother B-LOC
House I-LOC
. O

" O
We O
joined O
the O
prayer O
to O
express O
our O
solidarity O
with O
her O
work O
for O
the O
cause O
of O
the O
poor O
and O
downtrodden O
, O
" O
said O
Nanda B-PER
Gopal I-PER
Bhattacharya I-PER
, O
a O
communist O
minister O
in O
West B-LOC
Bengal I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Islamists B-MISC
can O
meet O
in O
London B-LOC
, O
minister O
. O

ISLAMABAD B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

British B-MISC
Foreign O
Secretary O
Malcolm B-PER
Rifkind I-PER
said O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
his O
government O
would O
only O
take O
action O
against O
a O
planned O
conference O
of O
Islamist B-MISC
groups O
in O
London B-LOC
if O
British B-MISC
law O
was O
broken O
. O

" O
People O
who O
wish O
to O
hold O
conferences O
of O
course O
do O
n't O
need O
to O
seek O
permission O
from O
the O
government O
in O
Britain B-LOC
, O
" O
Rifkind B-PER
, O
in O
Pakistan B-LOC
for O
a O
visit O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O
" O

As O
long O
as O
they O
obey O
our O
laws O
then O
that O
is O
not O
something O
the O
government O
would O
normally O
interfere O
with O
. O
" O

The O
Islamist B-MISC
conference O
, O
due O
to O
be O
held O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
September O
8 O
, O
has O
caused O
concern O
in O
countries O
such O
as O
Algeria B-LOC
and O
Egypt B-LOC
, O
which O
are O
fighting O
armed O
Islamic B-MISC
militants O
. O

British B-MISC
Jewish B-MISC
groups O
have O
also O
protested O
because O
they O
say O
members O
of O
Algeria B-LOC
's O
Islamic B-ORG
Salvation I-ORG
Front I-ORG
( O
FIS B-ORG
) O
and O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
Islamic B-MISC
group O
Hamas B-ORG
are O
on O
the O
guest O
list O
. O

Rifkind B-PER
said O
it O
was O
for O
the O
home O
secretary O
( O
interior O
minister O
) O
to O
act O
by O
denying O
visas O
to O
participants O
if O
he O
felt O
there O
was O
reason O
to O
believe O
that O
they O
might O
break O
the O
law O
. O

" O
Our O
policy O
has O
to O
be O
fundamentally O
based O
on O
respect O
for O
the O
rule O
of O
law O
and O
insistence O
that O
it O
be O
observed O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Rifkind B-PER
was O
in O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
the O
start O
of O
an O
Asian B-MISC
tour O
that O
will O
also O
take O
him O
to O
India B-LOC
, O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
, O
Japan B-LOC
and O
Mongolia B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Afghan B-MISC
leader O
tells O
U.S. B-LOC
Congressman O
of O
peace O
plan O
. O

Sayed B-PER
Salahuddin I-PER

KABUL B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Afghan B-MISC
government O
military O
chief O
Ahmad B-PER
Shah I-PER
Masood I-PER
briefed O
visiting O
U.S. B-LOC
Congressman O
Dana B-PER
Rohrabacher I-PER
on O
Tuesday O
on O
a O
peace O
plan O
for O
his O
wartorn O
country O
. O

A O
spokesman O
for O
Masood B-PER
said O
he O
had O
told O
the O
California B-LOC
Republican B-MISC
at O
a O
meeting O
in O
northern O
Kabul B-LOC
that O
President O
Burhanuddin B-PER
Rabbani I-PER
's O
government O
favoured O
talks O
with O
all O
Afghan B-MISC
factions O
to O
set O
up O
an O
interim O
government O
. O

The O
factions O
should O
agree O
to O
appoint O
a O
transitional O
leader O
, O
draft O
a O
new O
constitution O
, O
collect O
heavy O
weapons O
, O
create O
a O
national O
army O
and O
hold O
free O
elections O
in O
which O
the O
transitional O
leader O
would O
be O
barred O
from O
standing O
, O
he O
added O
. O

Rohrabacher B-PER
flew O
into O
Bagram B-LOC
military O
airbase O
north O
of O
Kabul B-LOC
in O
a O
Red B-ORG
Cross I-ORG
plane O
on O
Tuesday O
after O
meeting O
northern O
opposition O
militia O
leader O
General O
Abdul B-PER
Rashid I-PER
Dostum I-PER
. O

Masood B-PER
's O
spokesman O
Amrollah B-PER
( O
one O
name O
) O
said O
Rohrabacher B-PER
had O
recently O
visited O
Italy B-LOC
, O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
as O
part O
of O
a O
mission O
to O
promote O
peace O
in O
Afghanistan B-LOC
. O

" O
We O
are O
certainly O
serious O
more O
than O
before O
to O
find O
a O
solution O
to O
the O
Afghan B-MISC
problem O
and O
support O
every O
U.N. B-ORG
plan O
, O
" O
Amrollah B-PER
quoted O
Rohrabacher B-PER
as O
saying O
. O

However O
, O
a O
spokesman O
for O
Prime O
Minister O
Gulbuddin B-PER
Hekmatyar I-PER
, O
a O
long-time O
rival O
of O
Masood B-PER
, O
expressed O
concern O
at O
signs O
of O
renewed O
U.S. B-LOC
interest O
in O
Afghanistan B-LOC
. O

" O
America B-LOC
wants O
to O
block O
the O
establishment O
of O
a O
strong O
Islamic B-MISC
government O
in O
Afghanistan B-LOC
and O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
intends O
to O
neutralise O
the O
Afghan B-MISC
peace O
process O
initiated O
by O
the O
Afghans B-MISC
themselves O
, O
" O
said O
the O
spokesman O
, O
Hamid B-PER
Ibrahimi I-PER
. O

" O
A O
great O
game O
has O
been O
started O
in O
Afghanistan B-LOC
as O
America B-LOC
feels O
that O
Tehran B-LOC
and O
Moscow B-LOC
have O
got O
stronger O
in O
the O
Afghan B-MISC
picture O
-- O
something O
Washington B-LOC
wants O
to O
change O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Rohrabacher B-PER
was O
expected O
to O
visit O
neutral O
faction O
leaders O
in O
the O
eastern O
city O
of O
Jalalabad B-LOC
and O
meet O
leaders O
of O
the O
rebel O
Islamic B-MISC
Taleban I-MISC
militia O
in O
the O
southern O
city O
of O
Kandahar B-LOC
. O

Afghan B-MISC
guerrilla O
factions O
have O
been O
locked O
in O
a O
bloody O
power O
struggle O
since O
the O
fall O
of O
the O
communist O
government O
in O
April O
1992 O
. O

Hekmatyar B-PER
, O
once O
Rabbani B-PER
's O
main O
rival O
, O
made O
a O
peace O
pact O
with O
him O
and O
rejoined O
the O
government O
as O
prime O
minister O
in O
June O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Pakistan B-LOC
state O
bank O
sells O
1.38 O
bln O
rupees O
of O
bonds O
. O

KARACHI B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
State B-ORG
( I-ORG
central I-ORG
) I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of O
Pakistan B-LOC
auctioned O
three- O
, O
five- O
and O
10-year O
federal O
investment O
bonds O
worth O
1.38 O
billion O
rupees O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
bank O
said O
it O
had O
accepted O
bids O
of O
250 O
million O
rupees O
at O
par O
for O
three-year O
bonds O
, O
3.5 O
million O
rupees O
at O
par O
for O
five-year O
bonds O
and O
1.126 O
billion O
at O
par O
for O
10-year O
bonds O
. O

The O
auction O
is O
set O
for O
settlement O
on O
Thursday O
. O

In O
the O
previous O
auction O
on O
July O
11 O
, O
it O
accepted O
bids O
worth O
300 O
million O
rupees O
at O
par O
for O
three-year O
bonds O
, O
44.5 O
million O
rupees O
at O
par O
for O
five-year O
bonds O
and O
782.6 O
million O
rupees O
at O
par O
for O
10-year O
bonds O
. O

-- O
Karachi B-LOC
newsroom O
9221-5685192 O

-DOCSTART- O

Nepal B-LOC
offers O
to O
talk O
to O
Maoist B-MISC
insurgents O
. O

Gopal B-PER
Sharma I-PER

KATHMANDU B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Nepal B-LOC
's O
centre-right O
coalition O
government O
has O
offered O
to O
meet O
the O
country O
's O
hardline O
Maoist B-MISC
communists O
for O
talks O
in O
a O
bid O
to O
end O
an O
insurgency O
in O
Nepal B-LOC
's O
western O
districts O
, O
officials O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
Maoists B-MISC
oppose O
multi-party O
democracy O
and O
want O
to O
establish O
a O
communist O
state O
. O

But O
the O
Nepali B-MISC
government O
said O
the O
insurgents O
must O
give O
up O
violence O
before O
it O
negotiates O
with O
them O
. O

" O
They O
( O
the O
insurgents O
) O
should O
first O
give O
up O
their O
violent O
activities O
, O
" O
Home O
( O
Interior O
) O
Minister O
Khum B-PER
Bahadur I-PER
Khadga I-PER
said O
. O

About O
54 O
people O
have O
died O
in O
Maoist B-MISC
insurgent O
activity O
and O
in O
police O
action O
against O
them O
since O
February O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

Nepali B-MISC
opposition O
parties O
have O
accused O
the O
police O
of O
having O
killed O
more O
people O
than O
the O
insurgents O
. O

Some O
human O
rights O
groups O
have O
criticised O
the O
government O
's O
handling O
of O
the O
situation O
. O

In O
a O
speech O
in O
parliament O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
Khadga B-PER
challenged O
the O
Maoist B-MISC
communists O
to O
" O
win O
the O
people O
's O
confidence O
" O
and O
win O
election O
to O
parliament O
. O

On O
Monday O
, O
he O
had O
offered O
to O
talk O
to O
leaders O
of O
the O
United B-ORG
People I-ORG
's I-ORG
Front I-ORG
Nepal I-ORG
( O
Bhattarai B-ORG
) O
, O
the O
Maoist B-MISC
faction O
which O
leads O
the O
insurgency O
. O

" O
The O
government O
is O
ready O
to O
guarantee O
security O
of O
the O
Maoist B-MISC
representatives O
who O
want O
to O
take O
part O
in O
peaceful O
dialogue O
, O
" O
Khadga B-PER
said O
. O

A O
multi-party O
democracy O
was O
set O
up O
in O
Nepal B-LOC
six O
years O
ago O
, O
after O
a O
popular O
movement O
by O
the O
centrist O
Nepali B-ORG
Congress I-ORG
party O
jointly O
with O
the O
Communist B-ORG
United I-ORG
Marxist-Leninist I-ORG
( O
UML B-ORG
) O
party O
. O

The O
Nepali B-ORG
Congress I-ORG
leads O
the O
three-party O
coalition O
government O
while O
the O
UML B-ORG
is O
the O
main O
opposition O
party O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Indian B-MISC
soy O
prices O
end O
steady O
ahead O
of O
holiday O
. O

INDORE B-LOC
, O
India B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Indian B-MISC
soybean O
prices O
on O
Tuesday O
remained O
steady O
at O
12,900-13,100 O
rupees O
per O
tonne O
in O
plant O
delivery O
condition O
, O
dealers O
said O

They O
said O
arrivals O
were O
poor O
due O
to O
the O
festival O
season O
. O

Markets O
in O
central O
India B-LOC
would O
be O
closed O
for O
a O
local O
religious O
holiday O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Soyoil O
prices O
fell O
on O
increased O
selling O
against O
poor O
demand O
. O

Soyoil O
solvent O
was O
down O
by O
400 O
rupees O
per O
tonne O
and O
soyoil O
refined O
was O
down O
by O
400 O
rupees O
. O

Soyoil O
refined O
fell O
by O
200 O
rupees O
on O
weak O
undertone O
. O

Soymeal O
yellow O
was O
$ O
276-277 O
and O
soymeal O
black O
was O
$ O
246-248 O
per O
tonne O
in O
export O
. O

Rapeseed O
extraction O
was O
$ O
115 O
per O
tonne O
in O
export O
. O

Export O
demand O
was O
good O
but O
availability O
was O
limited O
. O

Rapeseed O
extraction O
was O
3,850 O
rupees O
FOR O
Bedibunder B-ORG
and O
was O
3,800-3,825 O
rupees O
FOR O
Bhavnagar B-ORG
. O

--------------------- O

( O
Prices O
in O
rupees O
per O
tonne O
) O

Market O
Arrivals O
Auction O
Traders O
Plant O

( O
in O
tonnes O
) O

Dewas B-LOC
45 O
Yellow O
12,700-12,950 O
12,900-13,150 O
12,900-13,100 O

Black B-LOC
11,900-12,100 O

Mandsaur B-LOC
10 O
Yellow O
12,600-12,750 O
12,700-12,850 O

Neemuch B-LOC
n.a O
Yellow O
- O
- O

Mhow B-LOC
2 O
Yellow O
12,700-12,800 O
12,750-12,850 O

Ratlam B-LOC
10 O
Yellow O
12,600-12,750 O
12,700-12,800 O

Ashta B-LOC
10 O
Yellow O
12,700-12,900 O
12,800-13,000 O

Indore B-LOC
25 O
Yellow O
12,750-12,950 O
12,900-13,100 O

Dhar B-LOC
5 O
Yellow O
12,700-12,800 O
12,750-12,900 O

Ujjain B-LOC
8 O
Yellow O
12,750-12,900 O
12,850-13,050 O

Jaora B-LOC
n.a O
Yellow O
- O
- O

Barnagar B-LOC
n.a O
Yellow O
- O
- O

Khandwa B-LOC
n.a O
Yellow O
- O
- O

Ashoknagar B-LOC
n.a O
Yellow O
- O
- O

Nalkhera B-LOC
n.a O
Yellow O
- O
- O

---------------------------------- O

Soyoil O
( O
in O
rupees O
per O
tonne O
) O

Soyoil O
solvent O
plant O
delivery O
30,300-30,400 O

Soyoil O
solvent O
market O
delivery O
30,700-30,800 O

Soyoil O
refined O
plant O
delivery O
32,700-32,800 O

Soyoil O
refined O
market O
delivery O
32,900-33,000 O

-------------------------------- O

Soymeal O
( O
in O
rupees O
per O
tonne O
, O
free O
on O
rail-FOR O
) O

Yellow B-MISC
Black I-MISC

FOR O
Bombay B-MISC
9,800 O
8,800 O

FOR O
Bedi B-MISC
Bunder I-MISC
9,800 O
8,800 O

( O
$ O
1=35.73 O
rupees O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Bangladesh B-LOC
Speaker O
says O
he O
received O
death O
threats O
. O

DHAKA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
Speaker O
of O
Bangladesh B-LOC
's O
parliament O
, O
Humayun B-PER
Rasheed I-PER
Choudhury I-PER
, O
said O
he O
had O
received O
death O
threats O
from O
anonymous O
callers O
after O
opposition O
parties O
threatened O
to O
boycott O
proceedings O
chaired O
by O
him O
. O

He O
told O
the O
Bengali B-MISC
newspaper O
Banglabazar B-ORG
Patrika I-ORG
on O
Tuesday O
that O
such O
threats O
were O
possibly O
coming O
from O
" O
those O
who O
want O
to O
push O
the O
country O
into O
chaos O
and O
unrest O
. O
" O

The O
callers O
said O
his O
life O
could O
be O
cut O
short O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

The O
speaker O
was O
not O
immediately O
available O
for O
comment O
. O

Choudhury B-PER
, O
a O
former O
foreign O
minister O
and O
veteran O
diplomat O
, O
was O
appointed O
speaker O
of O
the O
330-member O
parliament O
on O
July O
13 O
, O
a O
month O
after O
general O
elections O
returned O
the O
Awami B-ORG
League I-ORG
of O
Prime O
Minister O
Sheikh O
Hasina B-PER
to O
power O
after O
21 O
years O
. O

Choudhury B-PER
also O
was O
president O
of O
the O
41st O
session O
of O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
General I-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
in O
1986-87 O
. O

Former O
prime O
minister O
Begum B-PER
Khaleda I-PER
Zia I-PER
, O
now O
the O
opposition O
leader O
in O
parliament O
and O
head O
of O
the O
Bangladesh B-ORG
Nationalist I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
BNP B-ORG
) O
, O
said O
her O
followers O
might O
boycott O
assemby O
sessions O
chaired O
by O
the O
" O
partisan O
" O
speaker O
. O

" O
The O
ruling O
Awami O
league O
is O
making O
parliament O
ineffective O
and O
the O
speaker O
is O
contributing O
to O
that O
by O
not O
allowing O
the O
opposition O
MPs O
enough O
time O
to O
speak O
, O
" O
she O
told O
a O
rally O
in O
northern O
district O
of O
Bogra B-LOC
on O
Monday O
. O

Hasina B-PER
, O
speaking O
to O
a O
group O
of O
engineers O
in O
Dhaka B-LOC
on O
Monday O
, O
accused O
the O
BNP B-ORG
of O
resorting O
to O
" O
terrorism O
" O
as O
part O
of O
its O
plan O
to O
create O
instability O
and O
chaos O
in O
the O
country O
. O

" O
This O
is O
not O
desireable O
... O

and O
we O
will O
deal O
with O
such O
designs O
sternly O
, O
" O
the O
prime O
minister O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bangladesh B-LOC
June O
M2 O
up O
3.8 O
pct O
m O
/ O
m O
, O
up O
8.2 O
pct O
y O
/ O
y O
. O

DHAKA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Bangladesh B-LOC
's O
M2 O
money O
supply O
rose O
3.8 O
percent O
in O
June O
to O
456.8 O
billion O
taka O
after O
a O
0.27 O
percent O
rise O
to O
439.9 O
billion O
in O
May O
, O
central O
bank O
officials O
said O
. O

The O
year-on-year O
rise O
was O
8.2 O
percent O
to O
June O
, O
1996 O
. O

BANGLADESH B-LOC
'S O
MONEY O
SUPPLY O

JUNE O
MAY O
JUNE O
1995 O

M2 O
money O
supply O
( O
bln O
taka O
) O
456.8 O
439.9 O
422.1 O

M1 O
money O
supply O
( O
bln O
taka O
) O
144.5 O
139.3 O
131.7 O

-DOCSTART- O

HELIBOR B-MISC
INTEREST O
RATES O
LARGELY O
UNCHANGED O
. O

HELSINKI B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Helibor B-MISC
market O
interest O
rates O

were O
largely O
unchanged O
at O
the O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Finland I-ORG
's O
daily O
fixing O
on O

Tuesday O
. O

The O
key O
three-month O
rate O
was O
steady O
at O
3.40 O
percent O
. O

August O
27 O
fix O
August O
26 O
fix O

1-mth O
Helibor B-MISC
3.27 O
pct O
3.29 O
pct O

2-mth O
Helibor B-MISC
3.34 O
pct O
3.34 O
pct O

3-mth O
Helibor B-MISC
3.40 O
pct O
3.40 O
pct O

6-mth O
Helibor B-MISC
3.56 O
pct O
3.55 O
pct O

9-mth O
Helibor B-MISC
3.73 O
pct O
3.70 O
pct O

12-mth O
Helibor B-MISC
3.89 O
pct O
3.87 O
pct O

-- O
Helsinki B-LOC
newsroom O
+358 O
- O
0 O
- O
680 O
50 O
248 O

-DOCSTART- O

Barrick B-ORG
gets O
93 O
pct O
of O
Arequipa B-ORG
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Barrick B-ORG
Gold I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
said O
on O
Tuesday O
its O
takeover O
offer O
for O
Arequipa B-ORG
Resources I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
was O
successful O
, O
with O
93 O
percent O
of O
the O
36.3 O
million O
shares O
not O
already O
owned O
tendered O
under O
the O
bid O
, O
which O
expired O
overnight O
. O

" O
We O
are O
pleased O
that O
Arequipa B-ORG
shareholders O
ahave O
chosen O
so O
overwhelmingly O
to O
accept O
this O
offer O
. O

We O
now O
have O
the O
opportunity O
to O
realize O
the O
potential O
of O
Arequipa B-ORG
's O
excellent O
assets O
, O
" O
Barrick B-ORG
chairman O
and O
chief O
executive O
Peter B-PER
Munk I-PER
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
C$ B-MISC
30-a-share O
deal O
means O
Barrick B-ORG
will O
own O
Arequipa B-ORG
's O
attractive O
Pierina B-LOC
gold O
deposit O
in O
Peru B-LOC
. O

Barrick B-ORG
said O
details O
involving O
the O
allocation O
between O
Barrick B-ORG
shares O
and O
cash O
will O
be O
available O
shortly O
. O

Barrick B-ORG
's O
offer O
of O
C$ B-MISC
30 O
a O
share O
or O
part O
cash O
, O
part O
share O
offer O
was O
Barrick B-ORG
's O
second O
attempt O
to O
swallow O
the O
small O
Vancouver-based B-MISC
gold O
prospector O
. O

Toronto-based B-MISC
Barrick B-ORG
, O
the O
world O
's O
third O
largest O
gold O
producer O
, O
sweetened O
its O
July O
11 O
bid O
to O
C$ B-MISC
30 O
a O
share O
from O
C$ B-MISC
27 O
on O
August O
16 O
after O
a O
fresh O
batch O
of O
drill O
results O
from O
the O
Pierina B-LOC
deposit O
. O

Experts O
have O
speculated O
the O
deposit O
has O
potential O
reserves O
of O
up O
to O
12 O
million O
ounces O
. O

More O
drilling O
results O
are O
expected O
soon O
. O

The O
Barrick B-ORG
bid O
took O
observers O
by O
surprise O
, O
since O
Arequipa B-ORG
's O
exploration O
was O
still O
in O
its O
early O
stages O
. O

Arequipa B-ORG
shareholders O
had O
the O
option O
to O
choose O
C$ B-MISC
30 O
cash O
or O
0.79 O
Barrick B-ORG
shares O
plus O
50 O
cents O
for O
each O
Arequipa B-ORG
share O
. O

Shares O
were O
to O
be O
pro-rated O
if O
more O
than O
14.4 O
million O
were O
requested O
. O

-- O
Reuters B-ORG
Toronto I-ORG
Bureau I-ORG
416 O
941-8100 O

-DOCSTART- O

Penn B-ORG
Treaty I-ORG
terminates O
acquisition O
pact O
. O

ALLENTOWN B-LOC
, O
Pa B-LOC
. O

1996-08-27 O

Penn B-ORG
Treaty I-ORG
American I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
said O
Tuesday O
it O
terminated O
a O
previously O
announced O
non-binding O
letter O
of O
intent O
to O
purchase O
Merrion B-ORG
Insurance I-ORG
Company I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
a O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
licensed O
company O
. O

In O
announcing O
its O
decision O
, O
Penn B-ORG
Treaty I-ORG
said O
it O
" O
will O
continue O
to O
actively O
pursue O
entering O
into O
the O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
long-term O
care O
market O
through O
licensing O
or O
by O
acquisition O
. O
" O

It O
explained O
the O
" O
addition O
of O
a O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
license O
will O
enable O
Penn B-ORG
Treaty I-ORG
American I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
to O
conduct O
business O
in O
all O
50 O
states O
, O
following O
the O
company O
's O
acquisition O
of O
Health B-ORG
Insurance I-ORG
of I-ORG
Vermont I-ORG
, O
a O
Vermont B-LOC
domiciled O
insurer O
, O
scheduled O
to O
close O
on O
August O
30 O
, O
1996 O
. O
" O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Newsdesk I-ORG
212-859-1610 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

VNU B-ORG
details O
first-half O
operating O
profits O
. O

HAARLEM B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Publisher O
VNU B-ORG
gave O
the O
following O
breakdown O
of O
its O
first-half O
results O
: O

H1 O
1996 O
H1 O
1995 O

Sales O
Op O
profit O
Sales O
Op O
profit O

Consumer O
magazines O
618 O
90 O
568 O
80 O

Newspapers O
363 O
49 O
295 O
46 O

Commercial O
TV O
127 O
6 O
loss O
174 O
33 O
profit O

Business O
info O
Europe B-LOC
231 O
24 O
178 O
18 O

Business O
info O
USA B-LOC
382 O
61 O
362 O
41 O

Education O
42 O
6 O
36 O
3 O

Miscellaneous O
charges O
--- O
16 O
--- O
30 O

NOTES O
- O
Sales O
and O
operating O
profit O
are O
given O
in O
millions O
of O
guilders O
. O

Commercial O
TV O
includes O
pro O
rata O
share O
of O
sales O
and O
operating O
profits O
in O
Dutch B-MISC
group O
HMG B-ORG
and O
Belgium B-LOC
's O
VTM B-ORG
. O

-- O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O
, O
Fax O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5040 O

-DOCSTART- O

AOL B-ORG
Europe I-ORG
forms O
online O
advertising O
agency O
. O

HANOVER B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
joint O
venture O
between O
America B-ORG
Online I-ORG
( O
AOL B-ORG
) O
and O
Bertelsmann B-ORG
AG I-ORG
has O
formed O
a O
new O
company O
to O
sell O
advertising O
space O
on O
AOL B-ORG
in O
Europe B-LOC
, O
a O
Bertelsmann B-ORG
official O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
new O
company O
is O
called O
AdOn B-ORG
GmbH I-ORG
and O
is O
located O
in O
Hamburg B-LOC
, O
Bernd B-PER
Schiphorst I-PER
, O
president O
and O
chief O
operating O
officer O
of O
Bertelsmann B-ORG
's O
New B-ORG
Media I-ORG
business O
division O
said O
on O
the O
sidelines O
of O
an O
AOL B-ORG
news O
conference O
at O
the O
CeBIT B-MISC
Home O
consumer O
electronics O
fair O
in O
Hanover O
. O

Jan B-PER
Buettner I-PER
, O
managing O
director O
of O
AOL B-ORG
Germany I-ORG
, O
said O
AdOn B-ORG
was O
in O
the O
formation O
phase O
and O
would O
" O
get O
off O
the O
ground O
next O
year O
, O
bringing O
in O
advertising O
from O
around O
Europe B-LOC
. O
" O

He O
would O
give O
no O
forecasts O
on O
advertising O
revenue O
. O

AOL B-ORG
is O
the O
leading O
global O
commercial O
online O
service O
with O
some O
six O
million O
subscribers O
worldwide O
. O

It O
has O
around O
200,000 O
subscribers O
in O
Europe B-LOC
, O
with O
two O
thirds O
of O
that O
number O
in O
Germany B-LOC
alone O
. O

In O
Europe B-LOC
, O
the O
service O
is O
available O
in O
Germany B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
and O
Britain B-LOC
. O

It O
will O
be O
available O
in O
Austria B-LOC
and O
Switzerland B-LOC
later O
this O
year O
and O
in O
Scandanavia O
and O
the O
Benelux B-LOC
countries O
next O
year O
. O

-- O
William B-PER
Boston I-PER
, O
CeBIT B-MISC
newsroom O
, O
0172 O
6736510 O

-DOCSTART- O

All O
passengers O
freed O
from O
Sudanese B-MISC
hijack O
plane O
. O

STANSTED B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

All O
passengers O
held O
hostage O
aboard O
a O
hijacked O
Sudanese B-MISC
Airways O
plane O
diverted O
to O
London B-LOC
's O
Stansted B-LOC
airport O
carrying O
199 O
passengers O
and O
crew O
have O
been O
freed O
, O
an O
airport O
spokeswoman O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Eyewitnesses O
said O
six O
crew O
members O
had O
also O
been O
allowed O
to O
leave O
the O
aircraft O
. O

Airport O
spokeswoman O
Rona B-PER
Young I-PER
confirmed O
that O
all O
the O
passengers O
had O
left O
the O
aircraft O
. O

Police O
said O
a O
number O
of O
crew O
members O
had O
left O
the O
aircraft O
and O
said O
details O
would O
be O
given O
at O
a O
news O
conference O
expected O
to O
be O
held O
in O
the O
next O
few O
minutes O
by O
the O
local O
police O
chief O
. O

The O
passengers O
were O
released O
in O
batches O
during O
the O
course O
of O
the O
morning O
after O
the O
Airbus B-MISC
A310 I-MISC
landed O
at O
Stansted B-LOC
, O
having O
been O
diverted O
from O
Cyprus B-LOC
. O

The O
aircraft O
was O
hijacked O
on O
a O
flight O
from O
Khartoum B-LOC
to O
Amman B-LOC
by O
six O
or O
seven O
men O
, O
who O
police O
say O
may O
be O
Iraqis B-MISC
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+ O
00--44-171-542-7947 O

-DOCSTART- O

Swiss B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
sets O
warrants O
on O
DTB-Bund-Future B-MISC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Swiss B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
says O
it O
has O
issued O
60 O
million O
American-style B-MISC
call O
and O
put O
warrants O
, O
in O
six O
equal O
tranches O
, O
on O
the O
DTB-Bund-Future B-MISC
March O
1997 O
. O

EXERCISE O
PERIOD O
02.SEP.96-06.MAR.97 O
PAYDATE O
30.AUG.96 O

LISTING O
FFT O
DDF O
MIN O
EXER O
LOT O
100 O

SPOT O
REFERENCE O
95.35 O
PCT O

WARRANTS O
STRIKE O
ISS O
PRICE O
PREMIUM O
GEARING O

CALL O
A O
96.00 O
PCT O
1.16 O
DEM B-MISC
1.90 O
PCT O
82.20 O
X O

CALL O
B O
97.00 O
PCT O
0.75 O
DEM B-MISC
2.50 O
PCT O
127.10 O
X O

CALL O
C O
98.00 O
PCT O
0.47 O
DEM B-MISC
3.30 O
PCT O
202.90 O
X O

PUT O
D O
94.00 O
PCT O
0.94 O
DEM B-MISC
2.40 O
PCT O
101.40 O
X O

PUT O
E O
95.0 O
PCT O
1.33 O
DEM B-MISC
1.80 O
PCT O
71.70 O
X O

PUT O
F O
96.0 O
PCT O
1.84 O
DEM B-MISC
1.20 O
PCT O
51.80 O
X O

-- O
Reuter B-ORG
London I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7658 O

-DOCSTART- O

DBRS B-ORG
confirms O
Power B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
, O
Power B-ORG
Financial O
ratings O
. O

TORONTO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Dominion B-ORG
Bond I-ORG
Rating I-ORG
Service I-ORG
said O
on O
Tuesday O
it O
confirmed O
the O
ratings O
on O
Power B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
of I-ORG
Canada I-ORG
's O
senior O
debt O
and O
preferred O
shares O
at O
A O
( O
high O
) O
and O
Pfd-2 O
, O
respectively O
, O
with O
stable O
trends O
. O

DBRS B-ORG
said O
it O
also O
confirmed O
Power B-ORG
Financial I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
's O
senior O
debentures O
, O
cumulative O
preferred O
shares O
and O
non-cumulative O
first O
preferred O
shares O
, O
series O
B O
, O
at O
AA O
( O
low O
) O
, O
Pfd-1 O
and O
Pfd-1 O
( O
low O
) O
, O
all O
with O
stable O
trends O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Turkey B-LOC
's O
Kurd B-MISC
rebels O
kill O
two O
, O
take O
three O
hostage O
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Kurdish B-MISC
guerrillas O
killed O
two O
people O
and O
took O
three O
hostage O
after O
stopping O
two O
intercity O
buses O
at O
a O
roadblock O
in O
eastern O
Turkey B-LOC
, O
security O
officials O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

They O
told O
reporters O
a O
group O
of O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Workers I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PKK B-ORG
) O
guerrillas O
stopped O
the O
buses O
at O
a O
roadblock O
on O
the O
road O
linking O
the O
eastern O
provinces O
of O
Erzincan B-LOC
and O
Sivas B-LOC
on O
Monday O
night O
and O
forced O
the O
passengers O
to O
get O
out O
. O

The O
rebels O
killed O
one O
of O
the O
drivers O
and O
a O
passenger O
after O
checking O
the O
identities O
of O
the O
passengers O
, O
they O
said O
. O

The O
officials O
said O
the O
rebels O
set O
ablaze O
two O
buses O
and O
released O
all O
but O
three O
passengers O
. O

More O
than O
20,000 O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
the O
12-year-old O
conflict O
between O
Turkish B-MISC
troops O
and O
PKK B-ORG
guerrillas O
fighting O
for O
autonomy O
or O
independence O
from O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Egypt B-LOC
confiscates O
paper O
for O
" O
mad O
rulers O
" O
article O
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Egypt B-LOC
has O
banned O
and O
confiscated O
10,000 O
copies O
of O
the O
Cyprus-based B-MISC
Arabic B-MISC
monthly O
newspaper O
al-Tadamun B-ORG
because O
of O
an O
editorial O
suggesting O
mental O
health O
tests O
for O
Arab B-MISC
leaders O
, O
the O
editor-in-chief O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Mohamed B-PER
Abu I-PER
Liwaya I-PER
, O
said O
Information B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
censors O
had O
told O
him O
to O
send O
all O
the O
copies O
of O
the O
August O
edition O
back O
to O
Cyprus B-LOC
at O
his O
own O
expense O
. O

He O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
the O
reason O
was O
his O
own O
front-page O
editorial O
, O
entitled O
" O
A O
Chronic O
Mental O
Illness O
" O
in O
which O
he O
attacks O
compliant O
Arab B-MISC
leaders O
for O
serving O
U.S. B-LOC
and O
Israeli B-MISC
interests O
. O

" O
The O
Arabs B-MISC
demand O
that O
our O
Arab B-MISC
leaders O
undergo O
a O
compulsory O
examination O
by O
a O
team O
of O
psychiatrists O
to O
see O
how O
sound O
their O
mental O
capacities O
are O
, O
" O
the O
editorial O
said O
. O

" O
Because O
our O
leaders O
have O
started O
to O
behave O
with O
extreme O
hostility O
towards O
the O
interests O
of O
their O
peoples O
to O
court O
the O
goodwill O
of O
the O
Americans B-MISC
and O
the O
Zionists B-MISC
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

The O
censorship O
office O
denied O
they O
had O
confiscated O
the O
newspapers O
but O
declined O
to O
say O
when O
they O
could O
go O
on O
sale O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

IPO B-ORG
FILING O
- O
Transkaryotic B-ORG
Therapies I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Company O
Name O
Transkaryotic B-ORG
Therapies I-ORG
Inc I-ORG

Nasdaq B-MISC
Stock O
symbol O
TKTX O

Estimated O
price O
range O
$ O
13 O
- O
$ O
15 O
/ O
shr O

Total O
shares O
to O
be O
offered O
2.5 O
million O

Shrs O
offered O
by O
company O
2.5 O
million O

Shrs O
outstanding O
after O
ipo O
16,668,560 O

Lead O
Underwriter O
Morgan B-ORG
Stanley I-ORG
and I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Inc I-ORG

Underwriters O
over-allotment O
375,000 O
shrs O
Shares O
to O
be O
purchased O
by O
Hoechst B-ORG
Marion I-ORG
Roussel I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
357,143 O
Business O
: O
developed O
two O
proprietary O
technology O
platforms O
, O
gene O
activation O
and O
gene O
therapy O
. O

Use O
of O
Proceeds O
: O
Research O
, O
preclinical O
and O
clinical O
product O
development O
, O
and O
general O
corporate O
purposes O
. O

Financial O
Data O
in O
000s O
: O
1995 O
1994 O

- O
Revenue O
$ O
15,400 O
$ O
10,000 O

- O
Net O
Income O
( O
loss O
) O
$ O
2,074 O
( O
$ O
3,422 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

AMTRAK B-ORG
train O
hits O
truck O
, O
derails O
in O
Vermont B-LOC
. O

MONTPELIER B-LOC
, O
Vt B-LOC
. O

1996-08-27 O

An O
Amtrak B-ORG
train O
struck O
a O
logging O
truck O
early O
on O
Tuesday O
and O
derailed O
, O
Vermont B-LOC
state O
police O
said O
. O

A O
state O
police O
spokeswoman O
said O
there O
were O
reports O
of O
minor O
injuries O
as O
a O
result O
of O
the O
derailment O
near O
Roxbury B-LOC
, O
a O
small O
town O
on O
the O
edge O
of O
the O
Northfield B-LOC
Mountains I-LOC
some O
15 O
miles O
southwest O
of O
Montpelier B-LOC
, O
the O
state O
capital O
. O

Further O
details O
were O
not O
immediately O
available O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Wife O
of O
gun O
victim O
Brady B-PER
praises O
Clinton B-PER
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-26 O

Sarah B-PER
Brady I-PER
, O
whose O
Republican B-MISC
husband O
was O
severely O
disabled O
in O
an O
assassination O
attempt O
on O
President O
Ronald B-PER
Reagan I-PER
, O
took O
centre O
stage O
at O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
National I-MISC
convention I-MISC
on O
Monday O
night O
to O
praise O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
's O
gun O
control O
efforts O
. O

With O
her O
husband O
James B-PER
sitting O
in O
a O
wheelchair O
to O
the O
side O
of O
the O
podium O
, O
Mrs. O
Brady B-PER
called O
the O
handgun O
control O
bill O
that O
a O
Democratic B-MISC
Congress B-ORG
passed O
and O
Clinton B-PER
signed O
in O
1994 O
a O
major O
step O
in O
controlling O
firearm O
violence O
in O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

But O
she O
said O
more O
had O
to O
be O
done O
. O

The O
Bradys B-PER
walked O
on O
to O
the O
stage O
, O
he O
on O
her O
arm O
and O
with O
the O
aid O
of O
a O
cane O
, O
to O
a O
rousing O
reception O
from O
the O
convention O
. O

Their O
teenaged O
son O
sat O
in O
a O
VIP O
box O
with O
first O
lady O
Hillary B-PER
Rodham I-PER
Clinton I-PER
and O
watched O
as O
his O
father O
returned O
to O
his O
wheelchair O
. O

" O
Jim B-PER
, O
we O
must O
have O
made O
a O
wrong O
turn O
. O

This O
is O
n't O
San B-LOC
Diego I-LOC
( O
site O
of O
the O
Republican B-MISC
convention O
) O
, O
" O
Mrs. O
Brady B-PER
joked O
to O
her O
husband O
, O
who O
was O
serving O
as O
Reagan B-PER
's O
press O
secretary O
when O
he O
was O
shot O
. O

" O
Sarah B-PER
, O
I O
told O
you O
this O
is O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
convention O
, O
" O
he O
responded O
to O
his O
wife O
, O
who O
before O
the O
shooting O
had O
worked O
for O
two O
Republican B-MISC
congressmen O
and O
the O
Republican B-MISC
national O
party O
. O

" O
Since O
the O
Brady B-MISC
Law I-MISC
went O
into O
effect O
on O
February O
28 O
, O
1994 O
( O
it O
) O
has O
stopped O
more O
than O
100,000 O
convicted O
felons O
and O
other O
prohibited O
purchasers O
from O
buying O
a O
handgun O
. O

Today O
, O
and O
every O
day O
, O
the O
Brady B-MISC
Law I-MISC
is O
stopping O
an O
estimated O
85 O
felons O
from O
buying O
a O
handgun O
, O
" O
Mrs. O
Brady B-PER
said O
. O

She O
added O
, O
" O
But O
we O
need O
to O
do O
more O
. O

We O
should O
, O
as O
President O
Clinton B-PER
proposed O
today O
, O
stop O
people O
convicted O
of O
domestic O
violence O
from O
buying O
a O
handgun O
. O

Jim B-PER
and O
I O
join O
with O
you O
tonight O
in O
saluting O
the O
great O
job O
that O
President O
Clinton B-PER
has O
done O
in O
fighting O
crime O
and O
gun O
violence O
. O
" O

" O
He O
's O
a O
hunter O
and O
a O
sportsman O
, O
but O
he O
understands O
the O
difference O
between O
a O
Remington B-MISC
rifle O
and O
an O
AK47 B-MISC
. O

And O
he O
knows O
that O
you O
do O
n't O
go O
hunting O
with O
an O
Uzi B-MISC
. O

Mr. O
President O
you O
deserve O
our O
thanks O
. O
" O

Jim B-PER
Brady I-PER
then O
gave O
a O
big O
thumbs O
to O
the O
audience O
. O

Brady B-PER

was O
shot O
in O
the O
head O
in O
1981 O
by O
gunman O
John B-PER
Hinckley I-PER
, O
who O
tried O
to O
kill O
Reagan B-PER
in O
a O
deranged O
bid O
to O
impress O
Jodie B-PER
Foster I-PER
, O
an O
actress O
he O
never O
met O
but O
with O
whom O
he O
was O
obsessed O
. O

The O
Brady B-PER
bill O
, O
calling O
for O
a O
waiting O
period O
before O
someone O
could O
buy O
a O
gun O
so O
a O
background O
check O
could O
be O
made O
, O
was O
first O
introduced O
in O
Congress B-ORG
in O
1987 O
but O
it O
took O
seven O
years O
to O
pass O
because O
of O
opposition O
from O
the O
National B-ORG
Rifle I-ORG
Association I-ORG
gun O
lobby O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Latest O
opinion O
polls O
on O
German B-MISC
political O
parties O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Here O
are O
the O
latest O
opinion O
polls O
tracking O
national O
support O
for O
Germany B-LOC
's O
main O
political O
parties O
: O

AUGUST O
1996 O
CDU B-ORG
/ I-ORG
CSU I-ORG
SPD B-ORG
FDP B-ORG
Greens B-ORG
PDS B-ORG

Emnid B-ORG
Aug O
25 O
41.0 O
34.0 O
7.0 O
10.0 O
6.0 O

Elect B-ORG
Res I-ORG
Aug O
23 O
41.0 O
35.0 O
5.0 O
11.0 O
4.0 O

Allensbach B-ORG
Aug O
21 O
37.2 O
32.8 O
8.0 O
13.0 O
5.6 O

Emnid B-ORG
Aug O
18 O
41.0 O
34.0 O
6.0 O
10.0 O
5.0 O

JULY O
1996 O
CDU B-ORG
/ I-ORG
CSU I-ORG
SPD B-ORG
FDP B-ORG
Greens B-ORG
PDS B-ORG

Emnid B-ORG
July O
7 O
39.0 O
32.0 O
7.0 O
11.0 O
5.0 O

Elect B-ORG
Res I-ORG
July O
40.0 O
33.0 O
6.0 O
12.0 O
4.0 O

JUNE O
1996 O
CDU B-ORG
/ I-ORG
CSU I-ORG
SPD B-ORG
FDP B-ORG
Greens B-ORG
PDS B-ORG

Emnid B-ORG
June O
30 O
39.0 O
33.0 O
6.0 O
12.0 O
5.0 O

Elect B-ORG
Res I-ORG
June O
21 O
42.0 O
33.0 O
6.0 O
12.0 O
4.0 O

Allensbach B-ORG
June O
12 O
37.4 O
32.8 O
7.3 O
12.3 O
5.4 O

Forsa B-ORG
June O
6 O
39.0 O
36.0 O
6.0 O
12.0 O
5.0 O

MAY O
1996 O
CDU B-ORG
/ I-ORG
CSU I-ORG
SPD B-ORG
FDP B-ORG
Greens B-ORG
PDS B-ORG

Emnid B-ORG
May O
26 O
40.0 O
31.0 O
6.0 O
13.0 O
6.0 O

Elect B-ORG
Res I-ORG
May O
25 O
43.0 O
32.0 O
6.0 O
12.0 O
4.0 O

Forsa B-ORG
May O
23 O
38.0 O
37.0 O
7.0 O
11.0 O
5.0 O

Allensbach B-ORG
May O
15 O
38.5 O
32.5 O
8.1 O
12.0 O
4.4 O

APRIL O
1996 O
CDU B-ORG
/ I-ORG
CSU I-ORG
SPD B-ORG
FDP B-ORG
Greens B-ORG
PDS B-ORG

Emnid B-ORG
April O
28 O
40.0 O
32.0 O
5.0 O
11.0 O
5.0 O

Elect B-ORG
Res I-ORG
April O
20 O
43.0 O
32.0 O
6.0 O
12.0 O
4.0 O

Allensbach B-ORG
April O
17 O
38.1 O
32.3 O
6.5 O
12.9 O
6.3 O

OFFICIAL O
RESULTS O
OF O
THE O
OCTOBER O
16 O
, O
1994 O
GENERAL O
ELECTION O
: O

CDU B-ORG
/ I-ORG
CSU I-ORG
SPD B-ORG
FDP B-ORG
Greens B-ORG
PDS B-ORG

41.5 O
36.4 O
6.9 O
7.3 O
4.4 O

NOTE O
: O
Elect B-ORG
Res I-ORG
= O
Electoral B-ORG
Research I-ORG
Group I-ORG
( O
Forschungsgruppe B-ORG
Wahlen I-ORG
) O

-- O
Bonn B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+49 O
228 O
2609760 O

-DOCSTART- O

Most O
hostages O
freed O
from O
hijacked O
Sudanese B-MISC
plane O
. O

STANSTED B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Armed O
hijackers O
believed O
to O
be O
Iraqis B-MISC
released O
140 O
people O
on O
Tuesday O
from O
a O
Sudan B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
plane O
carrying O
199 O
passengers O
and O
crew O
that O
landed O
in O
London B-LOC
after O
being O
diverted O
on O
a O
flight O
from O
Khartoum B-LOC
to O
Amman B-LOC
, O
police O
said O
. O

Police O
spokesman O
Roger B-PER
Grimwade I-PER
said O
the O
six O
or O
seven O
hijackers O
remained O
on O
board O
the O
aircraft O
, O
which O
arrived O
from O
Cyprus B-LOC
at O
4.30 O
a.m. O
( O
0330 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
. O

He O
said O
they O
had O
made O
various O
requests O
to O
police O
negotiators O
but O
stepped O
back O
from O
earlier O
suggestions O
that O
the O
hijackers O
had O
asked O
to O
speak O
to O
a O
British-based B-MISC
Iraqi B-MISC
police O
named O
as O
Mr O
Sadiki B-PER
. O

The O
hijackers O
, O
who O
have O
said O
they O
want O
to O
seek O
asylum O
in O
Britain B-LOC
, O
are O
believed O
to O
be O
armed O
with O
grenades O
and O
possibly O
other O
explosives O
, O
according O
to O
police O
. O

They O
earlier O
threatened O
to O
blow O
up O
the O
aircraft O
. O

The O
Airbus B-MISC
A310 I-MISC
was O
diverted O
first O
to O
Cyprus B-LOC
, O
then O
to O
Britain B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

British B-ORG
Data I-ORG
in O
merger O
talks O
with O
Mentmore B-ORG
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Mentmore B-ORG
Abbey I-ORG
said O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
merger O
discussions O
were O
taking O
place O
with O
the O
board O
of O
British B-ORG
Data I-ORG
Management I-ORG
, O
an O
information O
resource O
management O
and O
archive O
storage O
company O
. O

But O
it O
noted O
in O
a O
brief O
statement O
: O
" O
However O
, O
it O
is O
too O
early O
to O
say O
at O
this O
stage O
whether O
or O
not O
terms O
can O
be O
agreed O
. O
" O

Mentmore B-ORG
Abbey I-ORG
, O
the O
UK B-LOC
stationery O
and O
housewares O
business O
formerly O
known O
as O
Platignum B-ORG
, O
said O
it O
was O
making O
the O
statement O
in O
response O
to O
recent O
newspaper O
articles O
linking O
the O
two O
groups O
. O

Shares O
in O
Mentmore B-ORG
Abbey I-ORG
edged O
two O
pence O
higher O
to O
81.5 O
pence O
, O
valuing O
the O
group O
at O
just O
under O
30 O
million O
stg O
. O

British B-ORG
Data I-ORG
Management I-ORG
's O
shares O
slipped O
0.5 O
pence O
to O
179.5p O
, O
valuing O
that O
company O
at O
around O
45 O
million O
stg O
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
4017 O

-DOCSTART- O

Hijacked O
Sudan B-LOC
plane O
lands O
at O
a O
London B-LOC
airport O
. O

STANSTED B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
hijacked O
Sudan B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
plane O
carrying O
199 O
passengers O
and O
crew O
landed O
at O
Stansted B-LOC
airport O
just O
outside O
London B-LOC
early O
on O
Tuesday O
morning O
after O
flying O
from O
Cyprus B-LOC
, O
eyewitnesses O
said O
. O

The O
Airbus B-MISC
310 I-MISC
Flight B-MISC
150 I-MISC
, O
which O
was O
hijacked O
on O
Monday O
evening O
on O
its O
way O
from O
Khartoum B-LOC
to O
the O
Jordanian B-MISC
capital O
Amman B-LOC
, O
landed O
at O
4.30 O
a.m. O
( O
0330 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
after O
a O
flight O
of O
more O
than O
four O
hours O
. O

At O
least O
one O
of O
the O
unidentified O
hijackers O
was O
apparently O
armed O
with O
grenades O
and O
TNT O
and O
threatened O
to O
blow O
the O
plane O
up O
in O
Cyprus B-LOC
unless O
it O
was O
refuelled O
so O
they O
could O
fly O
to O
Britain B-LOC
to O
claim O
political O
asylum O
. O

" O
They O
will O
surrender O
the O
passengers O
there O
and O
surrender O
themselves O
, O
" O
police O
spokesman O
Glafcos B-PER
Xenos I-PER
told O
reporters O
at O
Cyprus B-LOC
's O
Larnaca B-LOC
airport O
. O

Security O
was O
tight O
at O
Stansted B-LOC
airport O
, O
which O
is O
about O
30 O
miles O
( O
50 O
km O
) O
northeast O
of O
the O
capital O
. O

Stansted B-LOC
has O
been O
designated O
as O
the O
preferred O
option O
for O
handling O
hijackings O
in O
southern O
England B-LOC
because O
it O
is O
more O
remote O
than O
Heathrow B-LOC
and O
Gatwick B-LOC
, O
London B-LOC
's O
two O
major O
airports O
, O
and O
handles O
less O
air O
traffic O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hijacked O
Sudan B-LOC
plane O
expected O
at O
London B-LOC
's O
Stansted B-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
hijacked O
Sudan B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
plane O
with O
199 O
passengers O
and O
crew O
on O
board O
was O
expected O
to O
land O
at O
London B-LOC
's O
Stansted B-LOC
airport O
later O
on O
Tuesday O
morning O
, O
a O
police O
spokeswoman O
said O
. O

" O
That O
is O
the O
plan O
at O
the O
moment O
. O

That O
is O
where O
the O
plane O
is O
being O
directed O
to O
, O
" O
Ruth B-PER
Collin I-PER
of O
Essex B-LOC
police O
, O
the O
force O
responsible O
for O
Stansted B-LOC
, O
said O
. O

Stansted B-LOC
, O
London B-LOC
's O
third-busiest O
airport O
after O
Heathrow B-LOC
and O
Gatwick B-LOC
, O
is O
located O
about O
30 O
miles O
( O
48 O
km O
) O
northeast O
of O
the O
capital O
. O

British B-MISC
officials O
said O
they O
would O
much O
prefer O
to O
deal O
with O
a O
hijacking O
at O
Stansted B-LOC
because O
of O
its O
relatively O
remote O
location O
and O
because O
air O
traffic O
would O
be O
less O
badly O
disrupted O
there O
than O
at O
Heathrow B-LOC
or O
Gatwick B-LOC
. O

They O
said O
police O
and O
the O
emergency O
services O
were O
implementing O
a O
well-rehearsed O
contingency O
plan O
to O
handle O
the O
hijacking O
. O

The O
armed O
hijackers O
of O
the O
Airbus B-MISC
310 I-MISC
Flight B-MISC
150 I-MISC
, O
which O
is O
expected O
to O
arrive O
about O
4 O
a.m. O
( O
0300 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
, O
have O
said O
they O
intend O
to O
surrender O
and O
seek O
political O
asylum O
in O
Britain B-LOC
. O

The O
plane O
was O
hijacked O
on O
its O
way O
from O
Khartoum B-LOC
to O
the O
Jordanian B-MISC
capital O
Amman B-LOC
on O
Monday O
evening O
and O
landed O
at O
Larnaca B-LOC
airport O
in O
Cyprus B-LOC
to O
refuel O
. O

The O
identity O
and O
number O
of O
the O
hijackers O
was O
not O
known O
. O

One O
of O
them O
negotiated O
through O
the O
pilot O
in O
English B-MISC
. O

The O
pilot O
said O
several O
hijackers O
appeared O
to O
be O
placed O
around O
the O
plane O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Painted O
parrot O
scam O
lands O
Australian B-MISC
in O
jail O
. O

PERTH B-LOC
, O
Australia B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
conman O
who O
painted O
common O
Australian B-MISC
parrots O
with O
dye O
to O
make O
them O
look O
like O
rare O
birds O
worth O
thousands O
of O
dollars O
was O
jailed O
for O
fraud O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Denham B-PER
Peiris I-PER
painted O
six O
green O
parrots O
, O
worth O
about O
A$ B-MISC
100 O
( O
US$ B-MISC
79 O
) O
a O
pair O
, O
with O
a O
cinnamon O
hair O
dye O
and O
traded O
them O
as O
Indian B-MISC
Ringneck I-MISC
Parrots I-MISC
, O
valued O
at O
A$ B-MISC
14,000 O
a O
pair O
. O

Peiris B-PER
, O
32 O
, O
of O
Perth B-LOC
, O
was O
sentenced O
in O
the O
Western B-MISC
Australian I-MISC
District O
Court O
to O
two O
years O
in O
jail O
for O
fraud O
after O
trading O
three O
pairs O
of O
impostor O
birds O
for O
21 O
parrots O
worth O
a O
total O
of O
A$ B-MISC
28,000 O
. O

" O
Everyone O
was O
fooled O
, O
" O
said O
pet O
shop O
owner O
Shane B-PER
Drew I-PER
, O
who O
unknowingly O
traded O
the O
disguised O
birds O
. O

" O
I O
'd O
already O
had O
three O
local O
breeders O
have O
a O
look O
at O
them O
and O
sent O
photos O
and O
videos O
of O
the O
birds O
to O
the O
eastern O
states O
for O
authentication O
-- O
they O
said O
they O
're O
nice O
birds O
, O
" O
Drew B-PER
told O
reporters O
outside O
court O
. O

" O
After O
I O
was O
told O
they O
were O
dyed O
, O
I O
checked O
them O
over O
again O
. O

It O
was O
a O
perfect O
paint O
job O
except O
for O
one O
feather O
under O
a O
wing O
of O
one O
bird O
that O
was O
only O
half O
dyed O
, O
" O
Drew B-PER
said O
. O

Drew B-PER
said O
Peiris B-PER
, O
a O
bird O
enthusiast O
, O
would O
have O
succeeded O
with O
the O
fraud O
if O
he O
had O
not O
tried O
to O
trade O
a O
fourth O
pair O
of O
bogus O
birds O
after O
an O
associate O
had O
told O
police O
of O
the O
scam O
. O

If O
not O
for O
the O
informant O
, O
the O
painted O
parrots O
' O
true O
colours O
would O
not O
have O
been O
known O
for O
six O
months O
, O
he O
said O
. O

" O
They O
moult O
in O
the O
summer O
, O
so O
five O
or O
six O
months O
down O
the O
track O
, O
I O
would O
have O
looked O
like O
the O
guilty O
party O
, O
" O
Drew B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

NZ B-LOC
motorist O
's O
arrest O
brings O
free O
flight O
to O
Tonga B-LOC
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

A O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
motorist O
got O
an O
unexpected O
free O
flight O
to O
Tonga B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
after O
being O
caught O
drinking O
and O
driving O
. O

The O
man O
drew O
attention O
to O
himself O
in O
the O
North B-PER
Island I-PER
town O
of O
Tauranga B-LOC
while O
trying O
to O
reverse O
his O
car O
out O
of O
a O
pothole O
on O
Saturday O
night O
. O

He O
spun O
the O
wheels O
so O
much O
that O
the O
tyres O
caught O
alight O
and O
smoke O
began O
pouring O
from O
under O
the O
bonnet O
, O
the O
New B-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
Press I-ORG
Association I-ORG
reported O
. O

Police O
arrested O
the O
man O
and O
charged O
him O
with O
drink-driving O
, O
but O
then O
iscovered O
he O
was O
wanted O
by O
the O
Immigration B-ORG
Service I-ORG
as O
an O
overstayer O
. O

The O
man O
was O
due O
to O
catch O
a O
flight O
to O
Nuku'alofa B-LOC
in O
Tonga B-LOC
later O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Indonesia B-LOC
's O
SBPUs O
auction O
results O
. O

JAKARTA B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
following O
is O
the O
result O
of O
central O
bank O
securities O
( O
SBPUs O
) O
auction O
on O
Tuesday O
at O
0800 O
GMT B-MISC
: O

SBPUs O
seven-day O
14-day O

Cut-off-rate O
( O
percent O
) O
15.75 O
16.00 O

Total O
( O
in O
billion O
rupiah O
) O
38.43 O
218.50 O

-- O
Jakarta B-LOC
newsroom O
+6221 O
384-6364 O

-DOCSTART- O

Seoul B-LOC
embassies O
warned O
of O
terrorist O
attacks O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
has O
told O
its O
overseas O
missions O
to O
step O
up O
security O
since O
its O
embassy O
in O
the O
former O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
received O
a O
threat O
over O
Seoul B-LOC
's O
crackdown O
on O
radical O
students O
, O
the O
foreign O
ministry O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

A O
letter O
to O
the O
Belgrade B-LOC
embassy O
on O
Monday O
under O
the O
name O
of O
the O
Macedonian B-ORG
Communist I-ORG
Party I-ORG
demanded O
South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
release O
detained O
student O
leaders O
, O
a O
ministry O
spokesman O
said O
. O

" O
The O
letter O
said O
the O
party O
would O
assault O
the O
embassy O
, O
other O
South B-MISC
Korean-related I-MISC
facilities O
and O
Korean B-MISC
nationals O
unless O
our O
authorities O
released O
arrested O
students O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Nearly O
400 O
members O
of O
an O
outlawed O
student O
group O
were O
arrested O
after O
violent O
protests O
demanding O
reunification O
with O
communist O
North B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
were O
crushed O
by O
riot O
police O
at O
a O
Seoul B-LOC
university O
this O
month O
. O

Authorities O
branded O
the O
violence O
, O
in O
which O
a O
police O
officer O
was O
killed O
, O
as O
an O
act O
of O
terror O
. O

" O
The O
ministry O
has O
ordered O
the O
embassy O
to O
take O
urgent O
security O
measures O
against O
possible O
terrorist O
attacks O
, O
" O
the O
official O
said O
, O
asking O
not O
to O
be O
named O
. O

It O
had O
called O
for O
similar O
precautions O
at O
other O
overseas O
missions O
, O
including O
those O
in O
Canada B-LOC
and O
Bangladesh B-LOC
where O
leftist O
groups O
have O
staged O
protests O
over O
the O
crackdown O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nuclear O
pact O
will O
be O
a O
step O
to O
disarmament-China B-MISC
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

China B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
reaffirmed O
its O
support O
for O
a O
global O
nuclear O
test O
ban O
treaty O
blocked O
by O
India B-LOC
last O
week O
, O
saying O
the O
pact O
would O
be O
an O
important O
step O
in O
achieving O
total O
nuclear O
disarmament O
. O

" O
Although O
the O
final O
draft O
of O
the O
treaty O
probably O
did O
n't O
totally O
satisfy O
any O
country O
, O
it O
was O
in O
general O
balanced O
, O
" O
the O
official O
People B-ORG
's I-ORG
Daily I-ORG
newspaper O
said O
in O
a O
commentary O
. O

India B-LOC
blocked O
the O
Comprehensive B-MISC
Test I-MISC
Ban I-MISC
Treaty I-MISC
( O
CTBT B-MISC
) O
at O
the O
Conference B-MISC
on I-MISC
Disarmament I-MISC
in O
Geneva B-LOC
, O
saying O
the O
pact O
did O
not O
contain O
a O
clause O
committing O
the O
five O
declared O
nuclear O
powers O
to O
a O
timetable O
for O
nuclear O
disarmament O
. O

New B-LOC
Delhi I-LOC
's O
stance O
, O
which O
was O
seen O
as O
effectively O
thwarting O
2-1/2 O
years O
of O
negotiations O
at O
the O
Conference B-MISC
on I-MISC
Disarmament I-MISC
, O
drew O
widespread O
but O
generally O
muted O
foreign O
criticism O
. O

India B-LOC
has O
also O
pledged O
to O
oppose O
any O
forwarding O
of O
the O
draft O
treaty O
to O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
General I-ORG
Assembly I-ORG
. O

China B-LOC
said O
many O
countries O
had O
compromised O
to O
complete O
the O
treaty O
and O
that O
the O
issue O
of O
a O
disarmament O
schedule O
could O
be O
discussed O
in O
future O
negotiations O
. O

" O
The O
completion O
of O
the O
test O
ban O
treaty O
would O
be O
an O
important O
and O
practical O
step O
in O
the O
gradual O
process O
of O
achieving O
total O
nuclear O
disarmament O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

China B-LOC
has O
pledged O
support O
for O
the O
pact O
since O
reaching O
a O
deal O
with O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
that O
made O
international O
inspections O
of O
nuclear O
sites O
more O
difficult O
than O
in O
earlier O
drafts O
of O
the O
accord O
. O

The O
newspaper O
said O
China B-LOC
advocated O
the O
complete O
ban O
and O
destruction O
of O
nuclear O
weapons O
but O
that O
there O
was O
little O
hope O
other O
nuclear O
powers O
would O
soon O
adopt O
the O
same O
stance O
. O

" O
Some O
nuclear O
powers O
stubbornly O
uphold O
policies O
of O
nuclear O
deterrence O
based O
on O
first O
use O
of O
nuclear O
weapons O
, O
" O
it O
said O
. O

China B-LOC
held O
on O
July O
29 O
what O
it O
said O
would O
be O
its O
last O
nuclear O
test O
before O
a O
self-imposed O
moratorium O
that O
took O
effect O
the O
following O
day O
. O

China B-LOC
was O
the O
last O
declared O
nuclear O
power O
to O
announce O
a O
halt O
to O
testing O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Japan B-LOC
declares O
food O
poisoning O
threat O
receding O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

The O
government O
said O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
the O
threat O
from O
a O
mysterious O
killer O
germ O
, O
while O
still O
requiring O
vigilance O
, O
appears O
to O
be O
receding O
in O
the O
western O
Japan B-LOC
city O
of O
Sakai B-LOC
, O
where O
the O
epidemic O
hit O
the O
hardest O
. O

The O
food O
poisoning O
epidemic O
caused O
by O
the O
O-157 B-MISC
colon O
bacillus O
in O
Sakai B-LOC
appears O
to O
be O
" O
settling O
down O
" O
, O
Health O
Minister O
Naoto B-PER
Kan I-PER
was O
quoted O
by O
a O
government O
spokesman O
as O
telling O
the O
cabinet O
. O

The O
O-157 B-MISC
colon O
bacillus O
has O
been O
found O
responsible O
for O
a O
widespread O
food O
poisoning O
epidemic O
that O
has O
killed O
11 O
people O
and O
made O
over O
9,500 O
ill O
this O
year O
. O

Sakai B-LOC
, O
near O
the O
regional O
commercial O
centre O
of O
Osaka B-LOC
, O
has O
been O
hit O
hardest O
by O
the O
deadly O
bacteria O
, O
with O
nearly O
6,500 O
, O
mostly O
schoolchildren O
, O
affected O
by O
the O
disease O
. O

Two O
children O
in O
Sakai B-LOC
have O
died O
from O
complications O
associated O
with O
the O
bacteria O
. O

Kan B-PER
told O
a O
cabinet O
meeting O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
no O
new O
victims O
have O
been O
reported O
since O
August O
8 O
, O
indicating O
that O
the O
peak O
has O
passed O
, O
at O
least O
for O
Sakai B-LOC
. O

Sakai B-LOC
officials O
agreed O
with O
the O
assessment O
, O
but O
said O
it O
was O
too O
early O
to O
feel O
relieved O
. O

" O
There O
are O
still O
patients O
hospitalised O
and O
problems O
which O
must O
be O
dealt O
with O
, O
" O
a O
city O
spokesman O
said O
, O
citing O
the O
issue O
of O
whether O
to O
allow O
children O
infected O
with O
the O
bacteria O
but O
not O
showing O
symptoms O
to O
attend O
school O
from O
September O
. O

Health O
authorities O
believe O
school O
lunches O
were O
the O
source O
of O
the O
food O
poisoning O
in O
Sakai B-LOC
, O
but O
researchers O
have O
been O
unable O
to O
pinpoint O
the O
exact O
source O
of O
the O
infection O
. O

The O
outbreak O
has O
prompted O
authorities O
to O
tighten O
sanitary O
standards O
at O
slaughterhouses O
and O
meatpacking O
plants O
and O
sparked O
calls O
for O
an O
overhaul O
of O
the O
nation O
's O
school O
lunch O
programme O
. O

The O
ministers O
agreed O
at O
Tuesday O
's O
cabinet O
meeting O
to O
step O
up O
inspection O
measures O
for O
school O
lunches O
in O
September O
and O
October O
, O
when O
schools O
around O
the O
country O
resume O
. O

Japan B-LOC
's O
Agriculture B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
also O
announced O
that O
it O
will O
compile O
hygiene O
guidelines O
based O
on O
U.S. B-LOC
government O
methods O
of O
checking O
the O
safety O
of O
farm O
produce O
to O
prevent O
another O
outbreak O
of O
the O
epidemic O
. O

As O
of O
Monday O
, O
31 O
children O
were O
still O
hospitalised O
in O
Sakai B-LOC
city O
, O
of O
whom O
six O
were O
in O
serious O
condition O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Japan B-LOC
aluminium O
shipments O
surge O
8.9 O
pct O
in O
July O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Japanese B-MISC
shipments O
of O
aluminium O
mill O
products O
in O
July O
surged O
8.9 O
percent O
over O
the O
same O
month O
last O
year O
to O
224,609 O
tonnes O
, O
while O
production O
rose O
6.4 O
percent O
to O
222,457 O
tonnes O
, O
according O
to O
preliminary O
data O
released O
on O
Tuesday O
by O
the O
Japan B-ORG
Aluminium I-ORG
Federation I-ORG
. O

The O
surge O
reflected O
strong O
demand O
from O
the O
beverage O
can O
and O
housing O
construction O
sectors O
, O
federation O
officials O
said O
. O

Figures O
released O
two O
weeks O
ago O
from O
Japan B-LOC
's O
seven O
largest O
mills O
already O
showed O
that O
Japan B-LOC
's O
can O
sheet O
output O
reached O
its O
highest O
monthly O
level O
ever O
in O
July O
, O
reflecting O
above-average O
temperatures O
that O
sparked O
a O
jump O
in O
beer O
consumption O
. O

A O
federation O
official O
added O
that O
the O
half-year O
through O
September O
1996 O
also O
appeared O
likely O
to O
set O
a O
new O
record O
for O
can O
production O
, O
despite O
cooler O
temperatures O
in O
August O
. O

July O
inventories O
stood O
at O
75,632 O
tonnes O
, O
down O
2.6 O
percent O
from O
the O
prior O
month O
. O

July O
foil O
output O
was O
off O
0.2 O
percent O
year-on-year O
at O
11,525 O
tonnes O
, O
while O
foil O
shipments O
fell O
0.8 O
percent O
to O
11,244 O
tonnes O
. O

June O
mill O
output O
data O
were O
revised O
slightly O
downward O
to O
210,622 O
tonnes O
from O
the O
preliminary O
210,683 O
, O
while O
shipments O
were O
revised O
marginally O
upward O
to O
213,989 O
tonnes O
from O
213,845 O
. O

Final O
figures O
for O
June O
pegged O
can O
stock O
shipments O
at O
40,144 O
tonnes O
, O
up O
2.4 O
percent O
year-on-year O
. O

Shipments O
to O
the O
auto O
sector O
fell O
5.5 O
percent O
to O
15,286 O
tonnes O
, O
while O
the O
construction O
sector O
rose O
2.4 O
percent O
to O
79,390 O
tonnes O
. O

Exports O
dipped O
3.7 O
percent O
to O
18,867 O
tonnes O
. O

-- O
Tokyo B-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
( O
81-3 O
3432 O
6179 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
thanks O
Gabon B-LOC
for O
support O
on O
human O
rights O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

China B-LOC
has O
publicly O
thanked O
Gabon B-LOC
for O
its O
strong O
support O
at O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
Human I-ORG
Rights I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
, O
where O
Beijing B-LOC
has O
come O
under O
attack O
from O
Western B-MISC
nations O
for O
its O
human O
rights O
record O
. O

China B-LOC
's O
President O
Jiang B-PER
Zemin I-PER
offered O
his O
gratitude O
in O
a O
meeting O
on O
Monday O
with O
visiting O
Gabon B-LOC
President O
Omar B-PER
Bongo I-PER
, O
the O
official O
Xinhua B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

Jiang B-PER
also O
acknowledged O
the O
Central B-MISC
African I-MISC
nation O
's O
support O
for O
China B-LOC
's O
stance O
on O
Taiwan B-LOC
, O
which O
Beijing B-LOC
views O
as O
a O
renegade O
province O
, O
while O
Bongo B-PER
was O
quoted O
as O
thanking O
China B-LOC
for O
economic O
and O
technological O
aid O
, O
the O
agency O
said O
late O
on O
Monday O
. O

In O
April O
, O
China B-LOC
quashed O
a O
draft O
resolution O
by O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
Human I-ORG
Rights I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
expressing O
concern O
over O
continuing O
reports O
of O
Beijing B-LOC
's O
violations O
of O
fundamental O
freedoms O
. O

After O
the O
defeat O
of O
the O
resolution O
, O
drafted O
by O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
and O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
China B-LOC
's O
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
thanked O
26 O
countries O
for O
backing O
its O
motion O
for O
" O
no O
action O
" O
on O
the O
document O
. O

It O
was O
the O
sixth O
year O
in O
a O
row O
that O
China B-LOC
avoided O
censure O
at O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
's O
main O
human O
rights O
forum O
. O

China B-LOC
has O
been O
accused O
of O
a O
wide O
range O
of O
human O
rights O
abuses O
, O
often O
in O
violation O
of O
its O
own O
legal O
code O
, O
in O
an O
effort O
to O
silence O
dissent O
. O

A O
Xinhua B-ORG
commentary O
earlier O
this O
year O
said O
a O
plot O
by O
the O
West B-MISC
to O
force O
its O
human O
rights O
standards O
and O
values O
on O
other O
countries O
was O
doomed O
to O
failure O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Taiwan B-LOC
's O
Cooperative B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
cuts O
prime O
lending O
rate O
. O

TAIPEI B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Cooperative B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Taiwan I-ORG
, O
one O
of O
the O
island O
's O
leading O
state-run O
banks O
, O
said O
it O
was O
cutting O
its O
prime O
lending O
rate O
by O
0.05 O
percentage O
point O
, O
effective O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
bank O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
it O
was O
cutting O
its O
prime O
lending O
rate O
to O
7.35 O
percent O
from O
7.40 O
percent O
. O

It O
also O
would O
cut O
its O
three-month-to-three-year O
time O
deposit O
rates O
by O
between O
0.05 O
and O
0.10 O
percentage O
points O
. O

The O
moves O
made O
Cooperative B-ORG
the O
first O
major O
bank O
to O
cut O
rates O
in O
response O
to O
a O
call O
on O
Friday O
from O
central O
bank O
governor O
Sheu B-PER
Yuan-dong I-PER
. O

In O
the O
central O
bank O
's O
latest O
bid O
to O
jumpstart O
Taiwan B-LOC
's O
sluggish O
economy O
, O
Sheu B-PER
ordered O
a O
reduction O
of O
up O
to O
a O
half-percentage O
point O
in O
banks O
' O
reserve O
requirements O
and O
called O
on O
commercial O
banks O
to O
pass O
on O
the O
savings O
in O
the O
form O
of O
interest O
rate O
reductions O
. O

-- O
Taipei B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
( O
5080815 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Palestinians B-MISC
to O
strike O
over O
Jerusalem B-LOC
demolition O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Palestinian B-MISC
leaders O
in O
Jerusalem B-LOC
called O
on O
Tuesday O
for O
a O
two-hour O
strike O
to O
protest O
what O
they O
called O
Israel B-LOC
's O
war O
on O
Arab B-LOC
East I-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
after O
police O
demolished O
a O
building O
there O
. O

Israeli B-MISC
police O
demolished O
a O
10 O
metre O
( O
yard O
) O
by O
20 O
metre O
structure O
in O
Jerusalem B-LOC
's O
Old B-LOC
City I-LOC
they O
said O
had O
been O
built O
with O
funding O
from O
the O
Palestinian B-ORG
self-rule I-ORG
Authority I-ORG
for O
use O
as O
a O
social O
club O
. O

Police O
used O
a O
huge O
crane O
to O
lift O
a O
bulldozer O
over O
the O
Old B-LOC
City I-LOC
's O
walls O
to O
reach O
the O
building O
amidst O
narrow O
alleys O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

Bystanders O
at O
the O
scene O
said O
work O
had O
begun O
on O
the O
building O
in O
1991 O
and O
it O
had O
yet O
to O
be O
completed O
when O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
police O
bulldozed O
it O
. O

The O
Palestinian B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
was O
set O
up O
under O
the O
1993 O
PLO-Israel B-MISC
interim O
peace O
deal O
. O

" O
There O
has O
been O
a O
call O
for O
a O
general O
strike O
between O
one O
( O
1000 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
and O
three O
o'clock O
, O
" O
Palestinian B-MISC
lawmaker O
Ahmed B-PER
Hashem I-PER
Zighayer I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

" O
This O
is O
a O
war O
that O
has O
been O
declared O
on O
us O
and O
we O
want O
our O
people O
to O
come O
and O
see O
the O
site O
where O
they O
declared O
the O
war O
. O
" O

Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
's O
government O
, O
which O
took O
office O
in O
June O
, O
has O
said O
it O
will O
not O
allow O
the O
Authority B-ORG
, O
set O
up O
under O
a O
1993 O
interim O
peace O
deal O
to O
control O
parts O
of O
the O
Gaza B-LOC
Strip I-LOC
and O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
, O
to O
operate O
in O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

Israel B-LOC
's O
previous O
government O
held O
the O
same O
position O
but O
in O
general O
turned O
a O
blind O
eye O
to O
Palestinian B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
activity O
in O
the O
city O
. O

Tuesday O
's O
demolition O
came O
a O
day O
after O
PLO B-ORG
officials O
said O
they O
had O
bowed O
to O
Netanyahu B-PER
's O
demand O
they O
close O
offices O
in O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

They O
said O
two O
of O
the O
three O
offices O
Israel B-LOC
wanted O
closed O
had O
been O
shut O
. O

Netanyahu B-PER
has O
made O
closure O
of O
the O
three O
offices O
a O
condition O
for O
resuming O
peace O
negotiations O
with O
the O
Palestine B-ORG
Liberation I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
( O
PLO B-ORG
) O
. O

Israel B-LOC
captured O
Arab B-LOC
East I-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
in O
the O
1967 O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
war O
and O
annexed O
it O
. O

It O
says O
it O
will O
never O
cede O
any O
part O
of O
the O
city O
. O

Palestinians B-MISC
want O
East B-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
as O
capital O
of O
a O
future O
state O
. O

The O
city O
is O
up O
for O
negotiation O
at O
final O
peace O
talks O
which O
have O
yet O
to O
resume O
under O
Netanyahu B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SEC B-ORG
adopts O
rules O
to O
improve O
investor O
access O
to O
best O
stock O
prices O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
Securities B-ORG
and I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
Wednesday O
approved O
rules O
designed O
to O
give O
stock O
market O
investors O
a O
better O
chance O
at O
getting O
the O
best O
price O
available O
for O
their O
orders O
. O

The O
so-called O
order O
handling O
rules O
, O
which O
were O
proposed O
last O
September O
, O
were O
approved O
in O
a O
4-0 O
vote O
. O

The O
new O
rules O
will O
require O
specialists O
at O
stock O
exchanges O
and O
market O
makers O
on O
Nasdaq B-MISC
to O
allow O
customers O
to O
view O
price O
quotes O
from O
other O
electronic O
trading O
systems O
that O
may O
not O
be O
readily O
available O
to O
them O
. O

The O
rules O
will O
also O
require O
that O
customer O
limit O
orders O
be O
displayed O
with O
prices O
better O
than O
those O
available O
in O
quotes O
publicly O
available O
at O
the O
time O
. O

Specialists O
and O
market O
makers O
are O
companies O
or O
individuals O
recognised O
as O
qualified O
to O
maintain O
an O
orderly O
market O
in O
a O
stock O
. O

In O
a O
limit O
order O
, O
investors O
specify O
the O
price O
at O
which O
they O
are O
willing O
to O
buy O
or O
sell O
, O
as O
opposed O
to O
a O
market O
order O
executed O
at O
prevailing O
prices O
. O

" O
These O
rules O
are O
intended O
to O
empower O
all O
investors O
, O
by O
allowing O
their O
orders O
to O
compete O
on O
a O
level O
playing O
field O
, O
and O
by O
providing O
the O
disclosure O
they O
need O
to O
make O
informed O
decisions O
, O
" O
said O
SEC B-ORG
Chairman O
Arthur B-PER
Levitt I-PER
. O

The O
SEC B-ORG
's O
goal O
, O
he O
added O
, O
was O
to O
create O
" O
one O
system O
where O
one O
price O
could O
be O
available O
to O
everybody O
. O
" O

The O
director O
of O
the O
SEC B-ORG
's O
division O
of O
market O
regulation O
, O
Richard B-PER
Lindsey I-PER
, O
said O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
firms O
will O
probably O
need O
to O
spend O
about O
$ O
7 O
million O
to O
carry O
out O
the O
improvements O
called O
for O
by O
the O
new O
rules O
. O

In O
proposing O
the O
rules O
last O
year O
, O
the O
SEC B-ORG
noted O
that O
while O
technology O
has O
improved O
, O
commonplace O
practices O
still O
existed O
that O
worked O
against O
investors O
' O
best O
interests O
. O

It O
noted O
that O
customers O
whose O
orders O
were O
not O
displayed O
lost O
the O
chance O
of O
getting O
the O
best O
possible O
price O
available O
in O
the O
market O
. O

It O
also O
cited O
the O
potential O
problem O
of O
a O
two-tiered O
market O
in O
which O
market O
makers O
quote O
one O
price O
to O
public O
investors O
while O
quoting O
better O
prices O
in O
private O
systems O
, O
thus O
robbing O
investors O
without O
access O
to O
" O
hidden O
" O
quotes O
the O
benefit O
of O
the O
best O
available O
prices O
. O

Earlier O
this O
month O
, O
the O
SEC B-ORG
settled O
charges O
of O
alleged O
malpractices O
on O
Nasdaq B-MISC
when O
the O
parent O
of O
the O
Nasdaq B-MISC
market O
, O
the O
National B-ORG
Association I-ORG
of I-ORG
Securities I-ORG
Dealers I-ORG
, O
agreed O
to O
spend O
$ O
100 O
million O
over O
five O
years O
to O
upgrade O
its O
oversight O
of O
brokers O
' O
trading O
practices O
. O

The O
SEC B-ORG
dropped O
a O
third O
proposal O
that O
would O
have O
allowed O
investors O
with O
market O
orders O
to O
trade O
at O
a O
better O
price O
if O
there O
were O
shifts O
in O
prices O
before O
their O
orders O
were O
executed O
. O

The O
agency O
said O
it O
would O
monitor O
effects O
of O
the O
two O
new O
rules O
before O
considering O
the O
" O
price O
improvement O
" O
proposal O
again O
. O

The O
agency O
also O
proposed O
rule O
changes O
that O
would O
require O
continuous O
" O
bid O
" O
and O
" O
ask O
" O
quotations O
from O
exchange O
specialists O
and O
market O
makers O
who O
trade O
more O
than O
1 O
percent O
of O
a O
stock O
during O
any O
quarter O
on O
Nasdaq B-MISC
. O

The O
SEC B-ORG
's O
limit O
order O
display O
rule O
will O
mean O
a O
major O
change O
for O
Nasdaq B-MISC
, O
where O
such O
orders O
have O
never O
been O
displayed O
. O

The O
president O
of O
the O
Nasdaq B-MISC
, O
Alfred B-PER
Berkeley I-PER
, O
was O
to O
hold O
a O
news O
conference O
Wednesday O
afternoon O
to O
elaborate O
on O
the O
new O
rules O
' O
effects O
on O
the O
market O
, O
the O
second O
largest O
in O
the O
world O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ITALIAN B-MISC
CABINET O
APPROVES O
TELEVISION O
DECREE O
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
Italian B-MISC
cabinet O
on O
Wednesday O
granted O
a O
reprieve O
for O
media O
mogul O
Silvio B-PER
Berlusconi I-PER
's O
Mediaset B-ORG
television O
empire O
with O
a O
decree O
extending O
the O
current O
legal O
framework O
for O
television O
stations O
until O
January O
31 O
, O
1997 O
. O

The O
decree O
plugs O
a O
legal O
void O
in O
which O
magistrates O
could O
have O
forced O
the O
former O
prime O
minister O
to O
take O
one O
of O
the O
three O
stations O
he O
controls O
off O
the O
air O
because O
of O
a O
court O
ruling O
that O
no O
single O
proprietor O
should O
be O
allowed O
to O
keep O
three O
channels O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Passengers O
injured O
in O
train O
collision O
in O
Linz B-LOC
. O

LINZ B-LOC
, O
Austria B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
passenger O
train O
collided O
with O
a O
locomotive O
at O
a O
main O
railway O
station O
in O
Linz B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
and O
police O
said O
around O
10 O
people O
were O
injured O
. O

Austrian B-MISC
television O
reported O
earlier O
that O
more O
than O
20 O
had O
been O
hurt O
in O
the O
accident O
at O
the O
station O
in O
Linz B-LOC
, O
300 O
km O
( O
180 O
miles O
) O
west O
of O
Vienna B-LOC
. O

" O
One O
locomotive O
was O
stationary O
and O
the O
passenger O
train O
collided O
into O
the O
back O
of O
it O
, O
" O
a O
police O
spokesman O
in O
Linz B-LOC
told O
Reuters B-ORG
by O
telephone O
. O

The O
express O
passenger O
train O
travelling O
from O
Steyr B-LOC
, O
southeast O
of O
Linz B-LOC
, O
with O
around O
80 O
people O
on O
board O
, O
hit O
the O
back O
of O
a O
service O
locomotive O
used O
to O
shunt O
wagons O
into O
sidings O
. O

The O
police O
spokesman O
said O
he O
was O
not O
sure O
whether O
any O
more O
passengers O
were O
still O
trapped O
in O
the O
wreckage O
. O

Doctors O
and O
medical O
staff O
from O
a O
hospital O
across O
the O
road O
from O
the O
station O
were O
at O
the O
scene O
of O
the O
accident O
within O
minutes O
and O
were O
able O
to O
treat O
the O
injured O
quickly O
, O
he O
added O
. O

Greater O
damage O
was O
averted O
as O
the O
driver O
of O
the O
passenger O
train O
had O
time O
to O
apply O
his O
emergency O
brakes O
before O
the O
collision O
occurred O
, O
a O
state O
railways O
spokesman O
told O
Austrian B-MISC
news O
agency O
APA B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Saskatchewan B-ORG
Wheat I-ORG
Pool I-ORG
eyes O
hog O
market O
. O

WINNIPEG B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Canada B-LOC
's O
largest O
grain O
handling O
firm O
said O
Wednesday O
it O
expects O
to O
forge O
a O
partnership O
with O
hog O
farmers O
by O
1997 O
with O
a O
view O
to O
expanding O
the O
company O
's O
scope O
into O
pork O
production O
. O

" O
Saskatchewan B-LOC
is O
well O
positioned O
to O
take O
advantage O
of O
growing O
world O
markets O
for O
pork O
, O
" O
Saskatchewan B-ORG
Wheat I-ORG
Pool I-ORG
chief O
executive O
Don B-PER
Loewen I-PER
said O
in O
a O
company O
statement O
. O

SWP B-ORG
said O
it O
was O
analyzing O
potential O
partnerships O
with O
hog O
farmers O
and O
expected O
the O
first O
deal O
to O
be O
in O
place O
in O
1997 O
. O

The O
end O
of O
Canada B-LOC
's O
rail O
freight O
subsidy O
last O
year O
caused O
a O
shift O
in O
feed O
grain O
production O
to O
the O
eastern O
Prairie O
. O

Analysts O
said O
livestock O
production O
would O
likely O
shift O
to O
the O
eastern O
Prairie O
rather O
than O
feed O
grains O
being O
shipped O
to O
the O
western O
Prairie O
. O

SWP B-ORG
said O
it O
may O
develop O
pork O
production O
systems O
that O
provide O
farmers O
with O
large O
integrated O
units O
, O
and O
it O
may O
consider O
contracting O
programs O
between O
producers O
and O
packers O
which O
would O
operate O
within O
the O
existing O
hog O
market O
framework O
. O

Saskatchewan B-ORG
Pork I-ORG
International I-ORG
Marketing I-ORG
Group I-ORG
has O
an O
export O
monopoly O
but O
some O
Saskatchewan B-LOC
farmers O
earlier O
this O
month O
called O
for O
an O
open O
market O
in O
hogs O
. O

-- O
Gilbert B-PER
Le I-PER
Gras I-PER
204 O
947 O
3548 O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
ROVERETO B-MISC
INTERNATIONAL I-MISC
MEETING O
RESULTS O
. O

ROVERETO B-LOC
, O
Italy B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Leading O
results O
from O
an O

international O
athletics O
meeting O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Women O
's O
long O
jump O
: O

1. O
Ludmila B-PER
Ninova I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
6.72 O
metres O

2. O
Heike B-PER
Drechsler I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6.65 O

3. O
Fiona B-PER
May I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
6.64 O

Men O
's O
110 O
metres O
hurdles O
: O

1. O
Emilio B-PER
Valle I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
13.42 O
seconds O

2. O
Steve B-PER
Brown I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
13.45 O

3. O
Andrea B-PER
Giaconi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
13.80 O

Women O
's O
100 O
metres O
: O

1. O
Chandra B-PER
Sturrup I-PER
( O
Bahamas B-LOC
) O
11.34 O
seconds O

2. O
Natalya B-PER
Voronova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
11.53 O

3. O
Gabi B-PER
Rokmeier I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
11.61 O

Men O
's O
javelin O
: O

1. O
Sergey B-PER
Makarov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
85.26 O
metres O

2. O
Tom B-PER
Pukstys I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
84.20 O

3. O
Peter B-PER
Blank I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
81.64 O

Men O
's O
100 O
metres O
: O

1. O
Osmond B-PER
Ezinwa I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
10.13 O
seconds O

2. O
Davidson B-PER
Ezinwa I-PER
( O
Nigeria B-LOC
) O
10.18 O

3. O
Stefano B-PER
Tilli I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
10.43 O

Men O
's O
400 O
metres O
: O

1. O
Davis B-PER
Kamoga I-PER
( O
Uganda B-LOC
) O
45.15 O
seconds O

2. O
Marco B-PER
Vaccari I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
46.16 O

3. O
Kennedy B-PER
Ochieng I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
46.21 O

Women O
's O
pole O
vault O
: O

1. O
Mariacarla B-PER
Bresciani I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
3.85 O
metres O

2. O
Andrea B-PER
Muller I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
3.75 O

3. O
Nastja B-PER
Rysich I-PER
( O
germany B-LOC
) O
3.75 O

Women O
's O
800 O
metres O
: O

1. O
Ana B-PER
Fidelia I-PER
Quirot I-PER
( O
Cuba B-LOC
) O
1 O
minute O
58.98 O
seconds O

2. O
Letitia B-PER
Vriesde I-PER
( O
Surinam B-LOC
) O
2:00.39 O

3. O
Inez B-PER
Turner I-PER
( O
Jamaica B-LOC
) O
2:00.91 O

Men O
's O
high O
jump O
: O

1. O
Wolfgang B-PER
Kreissig I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
2.20 O
metres O

2. O
Kostantin B-PER
Matusevitch I-PER
( O
Israel B-LOC
) O
2.20 O

3. O
Michele B-PER
Buiatti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
2.15 O

Men O
's O
800 O
metres O
: O

1. O
Robert B-PER
Kibet I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
1:45.24 O

2. O
Vincent B-PER
Malakwen I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
1:45.62 O

3. O
Philip B-PER
Kibitok I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
1:46.09 O

Women O
's O
javelin O
: O

1. O
Oksana B-PER
Ovchinnikova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
58.94 O
metres O

2. O
Natalya B-PER
Shikolenko I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
57.44 O

3. O
Silke B-PER
Renk I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
56.70 O

Women O
's O
400 O
metres O
hurdles O
: O

1. O
Virna B-PER
De I-PER
Angeli I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
55.66 O

2. O
Natalya B-PER
Torshina I-PER
( O
Kazakhstan B-LOC
) O
55.99 O

3. O
Anna B-PER
Knoroz I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
57.02 O

Men O
's O
400 O
metres O
hurdles O
: O

1. O
Lauren B-PER
Ottoz I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
49.16 O

2. O
Brian B-PER
Bronson I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
49.67 O

3. O
John B-PER
Ridgeon I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
49.83 O

Men O
's O
3,000 O
metres O
: O

1. O
Luke B-PER
Kipkosgei I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
7:46.91 O

2. O
Alessandro B-PER
Lambruschini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
7:47.78 O

3. O
Richard B-PER
Kosgei I-PER
( O
Kenya B-LOC
) O
7:48.38 O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF B-LOC
- O
BRITISH B-MISC
MASTERS I-MISC
FIRST O
ROUND O
SCORES O
. O

NORTHAMPTON B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Leading O
completed O

first-round O
scores O
in O
the O
rain-affected O
British B-MISC
Masters I-MISC
golf O

championship O
at O
Collingtree B-LOC
Park I-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
( O
Britain B-LOC
unless O

stated O
) O
: O

66 O
Gavin B-PER
Levenson I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O

68 O
Colin B-PER
Montgomerie I-PER

69 O
Jose B-PER
Coceres I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
, O
Raymond B-PER
Russell I-PER
, O
Robert B-PER
Allenby I-PER

( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
, O
David B-PER
Gilford I-PER
, O
Stuart B-PER
Cage I-PER
, O
Mike B-PER
Clayton I-PER

( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
, O
Mark B-PER
Roe I-PER
, O
Emanuele B-PER
Canonica I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

70 O
Francisco B-PER
Cea I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
David B-PER
Howell I-PER
, O
Peter B-PER
Hedblom I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

71 O
Steven B-PER
Bottomley I-PER
, O
Ove B-PER
Sellberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Joakim B-PER
Haeggman I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Stephen B-PER
Ames I-PER
( O
Trinidad B-LOC
and I-LOC
Tobago I-LOC
) O
, O
Klas B-PER
Eriksson I-PER

( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Roger B-PER
Chapman I-PER
, O
Mark B-PER
Davis I-PER
, O
Pierre B-PER
Fulke I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O

Martin B-PER
Gates I-PER
, O
Anders B-PER
Haglund I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O

72 O
Niclas B-PER
Fasth I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Michael B-PER
Jonzon I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
, O
Chistian B-PER

Cevaer B-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
, O
Thomas B-PER
Bjorn I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
, O
Tony B-PER
Johnstone I-PER

( O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
) O
, O
Padraig B-PER
Harrington I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
, O
Pedro B-PER
Linhart I-PER

( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
David B-PER
Carter I-PER

73 O
Ross B-PER
McFarlane I-PER
, O
Domingo B-PER
Hospital I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Seve B-PER
Ballesteros I-PER

( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
, O
Paul B-PER
Broadhurst I-PER
, O
Greg B-PER
Turner I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
, O
Mike B-PER

Harwood B-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
, O
Brenden B-PER
Pappas I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
, O
Peter B-PER

Teravainen B-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
Jean B-PER
Van I-PER
de I-PER
Velde I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
, O
Oyvind B-PER
Rojahn I-PER

( O
Norway B-LOC
) O
, O
Stephen B-PER
McAllister I-PER
, O
Neal B-PER
Briggs I-PER

Note O
: O
77 O
players O
to O
complete O
their O
first O
rounds O
on O
Thursday O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
KELLY B-PER
WINS O
WORLD O
TIME O
TRIAL O
TITLE O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Shane B-PER
Kelly I-PER
of O
Australia B-LOC
retained O
the O
world O
one-kilometre O
time O
trial O
title O
at O
the O
world O
track O
championships O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
with O
a O
track O
record O
time O
of O
one O
minute O
2.777 O
seconds O
. O

Kelly B-PER
averaged O
57.345 O
kph O
to O
beat O
Soren B-PER
Lausgberg I-PER
of O
Germany B-LOC
by O
eighteen O
hundredths O
of O
a O
second O
. O

The O
bronze O
medal O
went O
to O
another O
German B-MISC
, O
Jan B-PER
Van I-PER
Eijden I-PER
, O
in O
1:04.541 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
VAN B-PER
HEESWIJK I-PER
WINS O
SECOND O
STAGE O
OF O
TOUR B-MISC
OF I-MISC
NETHERLANDS I-MISC
. O

ALMERE B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Leading O
placings O
in O

the O
195-km O
second O
stage O
of O
the O
Tour B-MISC
of I-MISC
the I-MISC
Netherlands I-MISC
between O

Haarlem B-LOC
and O
Almere B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
: O

1. O
Max B-PER
van I-PER
Heeswijk I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
4 O
hours O
39 O
minutes O

six O
seconds O
. O

2. O
Johan B-PER
Capiot I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Collstrop B-ORG

3. O
Sven B-PER
Teutenberg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
U.S. B-ORG
Postal I-ORG

4. O
Erik B-PER
Zabel I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Telekom B-ORG

5. O
Federico B-PER
Colonna I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Mapei B-ORG

6. O
Jans B-PER
Koerts I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Palmans B-ORG

7. O
Michel B-PER
Zanoli I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
MX B-ORG
Onda I-ORG

8 O
.Giuseppe B-PER
Citterio I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Aki B-PER

9 O
.Robbie B-PER
McEwen I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG

10. O
Kaspars B-PER
Ozers I-PER
( O
Latvia B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
all O
same O
time O

Leading O
overall O
placings O
after O
two O
stages O
: O

1. O
Colonna B-PER
8:22:00 O

2. O
Van B-PER
Heeswijk I-PER
1 O
second O
behind O

3. O
McEwen B-PER
same O
time O

4. O
Teutenberg B-PER
4 O
seconds O

5. O
Capiot B-PER
5 O

6. O
Koerts B-PER
7 O

7. O
Ozers B-PER
8 O

8. O
Gianluca B-PER
Corini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Aki B-PER
same O
time O

9. O
Lance B-PER
Armstrong I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
9 O

10. O
George B-PER
Hincapie I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
same O
time O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
VAN B-PER
HEESWIJK I-PER
WINS O
TOUR B-MISC
OF I-MISC
NETHERLANDS I-MISC
SECOND O
STAGE O
. O

ALMERE B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Leading O
results O
and O
overall O
standings O
after O
the O
195 O
kilometre O
second O
stage O
of O
the O
Tour B-MISC
of I-MISC
the I-MISC
Netherlands I-MISC
between O
Haarlem B-LOC
and O
Almere B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
. O

1. O
Max B-PER
van I-PER
Heeswijk I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
4 O
hours O
39 O
minutes O
six O
seconds O
. O

2. O
Johan B-PER
Capiot I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Collstrop B-ORG

3. O
Sven B-PER
Teutenberg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
U.S. B-ORG
Postal I-ORG

4. O
Erik B-PER
Zabel I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Telekom B-ORG

5. O
Federico B-PER
Colonna I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Mapei B-ORG

6. O
Jans B-PER
Koerts I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Palmans B-ORG

7. O
Michel B-PER
Zanoli I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
MX B-ORG
Onda I-ORG

8. O
Giuseppe B-PER
Citterio I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Aki B-PER

9. O
Robbie B-PER
McEwen I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG

10. O
Kaspars B-PER
Ozers I-PER
( O
Latvia B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
all O
same O
time O
. O

Leading O
overall O
standings O
after O
second O
stage O
. O

1. O
Colonna B-PER
8:22:00 O

2. O
Van B-PER
Heeswijk I-PER
1 O
second O
behind O

3. O
McEwen B-PER
same O
time O

4. O
Teutenberg B-PER
4 O
seconds O

5. O
Capiot B-PER
5 O

6. O
Koerts B-PER
7 O

7. O
Ozers B-PER
8 O

8. O
Gianluca B-PER
Corini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Aki B-PER
same O
time O

9. O
Lance B-PER
Armstrong I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
9 O

10. O
George B-PER
Hincapie I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
same O
time O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
WORLD O
CHAMPIONSHIPS O
RESULTS O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Results O
from O
the O

world O
track O
cycling O
championships O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Men O
's O
individual O
pursuit O
: O

Selected O
result O
from O
first O
round O

Chris B-PER
Boardman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
4:13.353 O
seconds O
( O
world O
record O
) O
caught O

Jens B-PER
Lehman I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O

Quarter-finals O

Boardman B-PER
4:14.784 O
caught O
Edouard B-PER
Gritson I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O

Francis B-PER
Moreau I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
4:16.274 O
beat O
Heiko B-PER
Szonn I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O

4:21.715 O

Andrea B-PER
Collinelli I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
4:17.551 O
beat O
Michael B-PER
Sandstod I-PER

( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
4:24.660 O

Alexei B-PER
Markov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
4:19.762 O
beat O
Mariano B-PER
Friedick I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

4:20.241 O

one O
kilometre O
time-trial O
final O

1. O
Shane B-PER
Kelly I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
1 O
minute O
02.777 O
seconds O

2. O
Soren B-PER
Lausberg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:02.795 O

3. O
Jan B-PER
Van I-PER
Eiden I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
1:04.541 O

4. O
Herve B-PER
Thuet I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
1:04.732 O

5. O
Grzegorz B-PER
Krejner I-PER
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O
1:04.834 O

6. O
Ainars B-PER
Kiksis I-PER
( O
Latvia B-LOC
) O
1:04.896 O

7. O
Dimitrios B-PER
Georgalis I-PER
( O
Greece B-LOC
) O
1:05.022 O

8. O
Jose B-PER
Moreno I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
1:05.219 O

9. O
Keiji B-PER
Kojima I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
1:05.300 O

10. O
Graham B-PER
Sharman I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
1:05.406 O

11. O
Jose B-PER
Escuredo I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
1:05.731 O

12. O
Craig B-PER
MacLean I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
1:05.735 O

13. O
Christian B-PER
Meidlinger I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
1:05.850 O

14. O
Darren B-PER
McKenzie-Potter I-PER
( O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
) O
1:06.289 O

15. O
Masanaga B-PER
Shiohara I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
1:06.615 O

16. O
Jean-Pierre B-PER
Van I-PER
Zyl I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
1:07.258 O

Keirin B-LOC
final O

1. O
Marty B-PER
Nothstein I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
, O
last O
200 O
metres O
in O
10.982 O
seconds O
. O

2. O
Gary B-PER
Neiwand I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O

3. O
Frederic B-PER
Magne I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O

4. O
Pavel B-PER
Buran I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O

5. O
Michael B-PER
Hubner I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O

6. O
Laurent B-PER
Gane I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O

Madison B-LOC
final O
( O
50 O
kms O
) O

1. O
Silvio B-PER
Martinelli I-PER
- O
Marco B-PER
Villa I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
34 O
points O
, O
in O
a O

time O
of O
55 O
minutes O
47.4 O
seconds O

2. O
Scott B-PER
McGrory I-PER
- O
Stephen B-PER
Pate I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
25 O

3. O
Andreas B-PER
Kappes I-PER
- O
Carsten B-PER
Wolf I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
23 O

4. O
Kurt B-PER
Betschart I-PER
- O
Bruno B-PER
Risi I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
22 O

5. O
Gabriel B-PER
Curuchet I-PER
- O
Juan B-PER
Curuchet I-PER
( O
Argentine B-MISC
) O
15 O

6. O
Peter B-PER
Pieters I-PER
- O
Tomas B-PER
Post I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
14 O

7. O
J B-PER
immi I-PER
Madsen I-PER
- O
Jens B-PER
Veggerby I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
14 O

8. O
Isaac B-PER
Galvez-Lopez I-PER
- O
Juan B-PER
Llaneras I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
11 O

9. O
Wolfgang B-PER
Kotzmann I-PER
- O
Franz B-PER
Stocher I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
5 O

10. O
Christophe B-PER
Capelle I-PER
- O
Jean-Michel B-PER
Monin I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
BOARDMAN B-PER
FULFILS O
WORLD O
RECORD O
PREDICTION O
. O

Martin B-PER
Ayres I-PER

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Britain B-LOC
's O
Chris B-PER
Boardman I-PER
fulfilled O
his O
prediction O
that O
he O
would O
break O
the O
world O
4,000 O
metres O
world O
record O
in O
the O
world O
track O
cycling O
championships O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Boardman B-PER
clocked O
four O
minutes O
13.353 O
seconds O
to O
slice O
more O
than O
six O
seconds O
from O
the O
previous O
world O
mark O
of O
4:19.699 O
set O
by O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Andrea B-PER
Collinelli I-PER
of O
Italy B-LOC
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
in O
July O
. O

Collinelli B-PER
qualified O
in O
second O
place O
, O
also O
beating O
his O
old O
record O
in O
4:17.696 O
. O

" O
I O
was O
very O
nervous O
before O
the O
start O
but O
then O
I O
was O
amazed O
by O
the O
speed O
of O
my O
ride O
, O
" O
Boardman B-PER
said O
. O
" O

I O
do O
n't O
know O
if O
I O
can O
go O
any O
faster O
. O

Who O
knows O
what O
will O
happen O
in O
the O
later O
stages O
? O
" O

Boardman B-PER
, O
28 O
, O
did O
not O
contest O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
pursuit O
because O
of O
its O
proximity O
to O
the O
Tour B-MISC
de I-MISC
France I-MISC
in O
which O
he O
led O
the O
French B-MISC
GAN B-ORG
team O
. O

However O
, O
he O
took O
a O
bronze O
medal O
in O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
road O
time-trial O
and O
then O
returned O
home O
to O
prepare O
for O
the O
world O
track O
series O
in O
the O
Manchester B-LOC
indoor O
velodrome O
. O

He O
adopted O
the O
" O
superman O
" O
riding O
position O
with O
arms O
at O
full O
stretch O
perfected O
by O
fellow O
Briton B-MISC
Graeme B-PER
Obree I-PER
, O
the O
1995 O
world O
champion O
, O
and O
taken O
up O
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
by O
Collinelli B-PER
. O

Obree B-PER
was O
forced O
to O
pull O
out O
of O
his O
title O
defence O
because O
of O
a O
viral O
infection O
. O

Qualifiers O
for O
Wednesday O
evening O
's O
quarter-finals O
: O

1. O
Chris B-PER
Boardman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
4:13.353 O

2. O
Andrea B-PER
Collinelli I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
4:17.696 O

3. O
Mariano B-PER
Friedick I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
4:19.808 O

4. O
Heiko B-PER
Szonn I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
4:21.009 O

5. O
Francis B-PER
Moreau I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
4:21.454 O

6. O
Alexei B-PER
Markov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
4:22.738 O

7. O
Michael B-PER
Sandstod I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
4:24.427 O

8. O
Edouard B-PER
Gritsoun I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
4:26.467 O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
BOARDMAN B-PER
BREAKS O
WORLD O
4,000 O
METRES O
RECORD O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Britain B-LOC
's O
Chris B-PER
Boardman I-PER
broke O
the O
world O
4,000 O
metres O
cycling O
record O
by O
more O
than O
six O
seconds O
at O
the O
world O
championships O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Boardman B-PER
clocked O
four O
minutes O
13.353 O
seconds O
in O
the O
qualifying O
round O
of O
the O
individual O
pursuit O
event O
to O
beat O
the O
previous O
mark O
of O
4:19.699 O
set O
by O
Andrea B-PER
Collinelli I-PER
of O
Italy B-LOC
at O
the O
Atlanta B-LOC
Olympics B-MISC
on O
July O
24 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Barnsley B-ORG
3 O
Reading B-ORG
0 O

Stoke B-ORG
1 O
Bradford B-ORG
0 O

Swindon B-ORG
1 O
Oldham B-ORG
0 O

Wolverhampton B-ORG
1 O
Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
1 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Barnsley B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
8 O
2 O
9 O

Stoke B-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
9 O

Tranmere B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
6 O
3 O
7 O

Bolton B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
7 O

Wolverhampton B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
2 O
7 O

Queens B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
3 O
7 O

Norwich B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

Ipswich B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
4 O

Birmingham B-ORG
2 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
5 O
4 O
4 O

Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
4 O

Swindon B-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
4 O

Oxford B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
6 O
3 O
3 O

Bradford B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

Huddersfield B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

Portsmouth B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
3 O

Reading B-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
3 O
8 O
3 O

Man B-ORG
City I-ORG
3 O
1 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
3 O
3 O

West B-ORG
Bromwich I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Port B-ORG
Vale I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
2 O

Sheffield B-ORG
United I-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
1 O

Grimsby B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
4 O
7 O
1 O

Charlton B-ORG
2 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
1 O

Southend B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
7 O
1 O

Oldham B-ORG
3 O
0 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
6 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY B-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
SCORES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Close O
of O
play O
scores O
on O
the O
first O

day O
of O
four-day O
English B-MISC
County B-MISC
Championship I-MISC
cricket O
matches O
on O

Wednesday O
: O

At O
Portsmouth B-LOC
: O
Middlesex B-ORG
199 O
in O
60 O
overs O
( O
K. B-PER
Brown I-PER
57 O
; O

L. B-PER
Botham I-PER
5-67 O
) O
. O

Hampshire B-ORG
105-4 O
. O

At O
Chester-le-Street B-LOC
: O
Glamorgan B-ORG
73-3 O
v O
Durham B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FOWLER B-PER
AND O
MCMANAMAN B-PER
OUT O
OF O
ENGLAND B-LOC
SQUAD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

England B-LOC
soccer O
manager O
Glen B-PER
Hoddle I-PER
confirmed O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
the O
Liverpool B-ORG
pair O
of O
Steve B-PER
McManaman I-PER
and O
Robbie B-PER
Fowler I-PER
would O
miss O
England B-LOC
's O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
qualifying O
match O
against O
Moldova B-LOC
on O
Sunday O
. O

The O
two O
men O
, O
both O
suffering O
from O
back O
injuries O
, O
joined O
the O
England B-LOC
squad O
at O
training O
but O
it O
was O
soon O
clear O
they O
had O
no O
chance O
of O
making O
the O
flight O
to O
Kishinev B-LOC
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
They O
had O
some O
scans O
and O
X-rays O
yesterday O
and O
they O
're O
out O
, O
" O
said O
Hoddle B-PER
. O

" O
The O
more O
important O
thing O
for O
me O
was O
to O
get O
them O
down O
here O
and O
have O
a O
chat O
. O

To O
go O
another O
five O
weeks O
without O
that O
chance O
would O
have O
been O
foolish O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Hoddle B-PER
, O
who O
has O
already O
lost O
the O
services O
of O
midfielder O
Darren B-PER
Anderton I-PER
and O
defender O
Steve B-PER
Howey I-PER
, O
delayed O
naming O
any O
replacements O
. O

There O
was O
also O
concern O
over O
injuries O
to O
Paul B-PER
Gascoigne I-PER
, O
Les B-PER
Ferdinand I-PER
and O
David B-PER
Batty I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

HORSE O
RACING O
- O
JOCKEY O
WEAVER B-PER
RECEIVES O
21-DAY O
BAN B-PER
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Leading O
rider O
Jason B-PER
Weaver I-PER
received O
a O
21-day O
ban O
from O
the O
disciplinary O
committee O
of O
the O
Jockey B-ORG
Club I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Weaver B-PER
had O
been O
reported O
after O
being O
found O
guilty O
of O
irresponsible O
riding O
at O
the O
provincial O
track O
of O
Pontefract B-LOC
10 O
days O
ago O
. O

It O
was O
his O
fourth O
riding O
offence O
this O
season O
. O

Although O
five O
days O
of O
the O
ban O
were O
suspended O
until O
January O
1 O
, O
Weaver B-PER
will O
miss O
next O
month O
's O
big O
St B-ORG
Leger I-ORG
meeting O
, O
including O
the O
ride O
on O
top O
stayer O
Double B-PER
Trigger I-PER
in O
the O
Doncaster B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

Weaver B-PER
shot O
to O
prominence O
in O
1994 O
when O
he O
won O
the O
English B-MISC
2,000 B-MISC
Guineas I-MISC
on O
Mister B-LOC
Baileys I-LOC
in O
his O
first O
ride O
in O
a O
classic O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ROWING O
- O
REDGRAVE B-PER
MAY O
SEEK O
FIFTH O
OLYMPIC B-MISC
GOLD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Britain B-LOC
's O
Steven B-PER
Redgrave I-PER
said O
on O
Wednesday O
he O
might O
change O
his O
mind O
and O
go O
for O
a O
fifth O
consecutive O
Olympic B-MISC
gold O
medal O
at O
the O
2000 B-ORG
Games I-ORG
in O
Sydney B-LOC
. O

Redgrave B-PER
is O
one O
of O
only O
five O
athletes O
who O
have O
won O
gold O
medals O
at O
four O
successive O
Olympics B-MISC
. O

He O
shared O
victory O
with O
Matthew B-PER
Pinsent I-PER
in O
the O
coxless O
pairs O
at O
the O
Atlanta B-MISC
Games I-MISC
and O
said O
at O
the O
time O
that O
would O
be O
his O
last O
shot O
. O

But O
he O
has O
had O
second O
thoughts O
since O
then O
. O
" O

I O
'm O
only O
34 O
. O

Some O
say O
that O
's O
too O
old O
for O
an O
athlete O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
But O
I O
'll O
be O
38 O
by O
Sydney B-LOC
and O
that O
's O
not O
too O
old O
. O

It O
's O
whether O
I O
have O
got O
the O
enthusiasm O
for O
the O
training O
over O
the O
next O
four O
years O
. O

Rowing O
is O
an O
endurance O
sport O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
BOTHAM B-PER
DISMISSES O
GATTING B-PER
IN O
FIRST O
CLASS O
DEBUT O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Liam B-PER
Botham I-PER
demonstrated O
his O
father O
Ian B-PER
's O
golden O
touch O
on O
Wednesday O
shortly O
after O
making O
his O
county O
debut O
for O
Hampshire B-ORG
. O

Botham B-PER
dismissed O
Mike B-PER
Gatting I-PER
with O
his O
seventh O
ball O
when O
the O
former O
England B-LOC
captain O
pushed O
a O
half-volley O
to O
square-leg O
on O
the O
first O
day O
of O
the O
four-day O
match O
against O
Middlesex B-ORG
at O
Portsmouth B-LOC
. O

Earlier O
Botham B-PER
arrived O
in O
Portsmouth B-LOC
from O
Southampton B-LOC
only O
to O
be O
told O
his O
services O
would O
not O
be O
required O
. O

He O
then O
drove O
40 O
kms O
back O
to O
play O
for O
the O
second O
XI O
to O
learn O
that O
John B-PER
Stephenson I-PER
had O
dropped O
out O
of O
the O
Middlesex B-ORG
match O
in O
the O
meantime O
with O
a O
shoulder O
injury O
. O

Botham B-PER
dashed O
back O
to O
Portsmouth B-LOC
and O
took O
the O
field O
as O
the O
thrid O
over O
began O
. O

Ian B-PER
Botham I-PER
began O
his O
test O
career O
in O
1977 O
by O
dismissing O
Australian B-MISC
captain O
Greg B-PER
Chappell I-PER
with O
a O
long O
hop O
and O
went O
on O
to O
become O
his O
country O
's O
most O
successful O
all-rounder O
ever O
with O
5,200 O
runs O
, O
383 O
wickets O
plus O
120 O
catches O
in O
102 O
tests O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
CARLING B-PER
LEFT O
OUT O
OF O
ENGLAND B-LOC
TRAINING O
SQUAD O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Former O
England B-LOC
captain O
Will B-PER
Carling I-PER
along O
with O
Jeremy B-PER
Guscott I-PER
, O
Rory B-PER
Underwood I-PER
and O
Dean B-PER
Richards I-PER
have O
been O
left O
out O
of O
England B-LOC
's O
first O
training O
squad O
of O
the O
season O
. O

The O
quartet O
, O
who O
possess O
244 O
international O
caps O
between O
them O
, O
were O
also O
omitted O
from O
a O
summer O
training O
camp O
but O
will O
still O
be O
in O
contention O
when O
the O
northern O
international O
season O
starts O
later O
this O
year O
. O

" O
Their O
qualities O
are O
well O
known O
to O
the O
selectors O
and O
they O
will O
, O
of O
course O
, O
be O
considered O
when O
the O
season O
gets O
underway O
, O
" O
the O
Rugby B-ORG
Football I-ORG
Union I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
DODGERS B-ORG
WIN O
FIFTH O
STRAIGHT O
. O

MONTREAL B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Hideo B-PER
Nomo I-PER
allowed O
a O
run O
in O
seven O
innings O
for O
his O
fifth O
win O
in O
seven O
road O
starts O
and O
Greg B-PER
Gagne I-PER
capped O
a O
three-run O
fourth O
with O
a O
two-run O
homer O
as O
the O
Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
Dodgers I-ORG
claimed O
a O
5-1 O
victory O
the O
Montreal B-ORG
Expos I-ORG
on O
Tuesday O
. O

With O
their O
fifth O
straight O
win O
, O
the O
Dodgers B-ORG
moved O
a O
half-game O
ahead O
of O
the O
Expos B-ORG
at O
the O
top O
of O
the O
wild O
card O
hunt O
behind O
Nomo B-PER
( O
13-10 O
) O
, O
who O
allowed O
six O
hits O
and O
walked O
four O
with O
six O
strikeouts O
. O

In O
San B-LOC
Francisco I-LOC
, O
Mike B-PER
Williams I-PER
allowed O
two O
runs O
in O
7-1/3 O
innings O
and O
Benito B-PER
Santiago I-PER
and O
Ruben B-PER
Amaro I-PER
had O
RBI B-MISC
hits O
in O
the O
first O
inning O
as O
the O
Philadelphia B-ORG
Phillies I-ORG
edged O
the O
San B-ORG
Francisco I-ORG
Giants I-ORG
3-2 O
. O

Williams B-PER
( O
5-12 O
) O
, O
who O
snapped O
a O
personal O
three-game O
losing O
streak O
, O
allowed O
five O
hits O
, O
walked O
two O
and O
struck O
out O
five O
. O

It O
was O
also O
Williams B-PER
' O
first O
win O
in O
three O
career O
decisions O
against O
San B-LOC
Francisco I-LOC
. O

In O
Pittsburgh B-LOC
, O
Al B-PER
Martin I-PER
's O
run-scoring O
single O
snapped O
a O
fifth-inning O
tie O
and O
Denny B-PER
Neagle I-PER
outdueled O
John B-PER
Smoltz I-PER
as O
the O
Pittsburgh B-ORG
Pirates I-ORG
edged O
the O
Atlanta B-ORG
Braves I-ORG
3-2 O
. O

The O
Braves B-ORG
led O
2-1 O
entering O
the O
fifth O
, O
but O
the O
Pirates B-ORG
pushed O
across O
two O
runs O
against O
Smoltz B-PER
( O
20-7 O
) O
. O

Neagle B-PER
( O
14-6 O
) O
beat O
the O
Braves B-ORG
for O
the O
third O
time O
this O
season O
, O
allowing O
two O
runs O
and O
six O
hits O
in O
eight O
innings O
. O

In O
St B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
, O
Gary B-PER
Sheffield I-PER
and O
Devon B-PER
White I-PER
each O
drove O
in O
two O
runs O
and O
Mark B-PER
Hutton I-PER
scattered O
four O
hits O
over O
six O
innings O
to O
lead O
the O
Florida B-ORG
Marlins I-ORG
past O
the O
St. B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
Cardinals I-ORG
6-3 O
. O

White B-PER
added O
a O
solo O
homer O
, O
his O
11th O
, O
off O
reliever O
Mark B-PER
Petkovsek I-PER
with O
one O
out O
in O
the O
fifth O
, O
giving O
the O
Marlins B-ORG
a O
6-0 O
lead O
. O

In O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
, O
Steve B-PER
Finley I-PER
's O
three-run O
homer O
capped O
a O
four-run O
eighth O
inning O
and O
gave O
the O
San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
Padres I-ORG
a O
4-3 O
victory O
over O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
, O
spoiling O
Bobby B-PER
Valentine I-PER
's O
debut O
as O
Mets B-ORG
' O
manager O
. O

The O
rally O
made O
a O
winner O
out O
of O
reliever O
Willie B-PER
Blair I-PER

Tony B-PER
Gwynn I-PER
and O
Wally B-PER
Joyner I-PER
had O
two O
hits O
apiece O
, O
helping O
the O
Padres B-ORG
to O
their O
third O
straight O
win O
. O

First-place O
San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
has O
won O
seven O
of O
its O
last O
eight O
games O
and O
improved O
to O
34-20 O
against O
NL B-MISC
East I-MISC
opponents O
. O

In O
Houston B-LOC
, O
Tony B-PER
Eusebio I-PER
's O
eighth-inning O
sacrifice O
fly O
capped O
a O
comeback O
from O
a O
five-run O
deficit O
that O
gave O
the O
Houston B-ORG
Astros I-ORG
a O
6-5 O
victory O
over O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
Cubs I-ORG
. O

The O
Astros B-ORG
trailed O
5-0 O
after O
three O
innings O
, O
but O
scored O
three O
runs O
in O
the O
fourth O
and O
one O
in O
the O
sixth O
before O
taking O
the O
lead O
in O
the O
eighth O
. O

In O
St B-LOC
Louis I-LOC
, O
Gary B-PER
Sheffield I-PER
and O
Devon B-PER
White I-PER
each O
drove O
in O
two O
runs O
and O
Mark B-PER
Hutton I-PER
scattered O
four O
hits O
over O
six O
innings O
to O
lead O
the O
Florida B-ORG
Marlins I-ORG
past O
the O
St. B-ORG
Louis I-ORG
Cardinals I-ORG
, O
6-3 O
, O

Sheffield B-PER
, O
who O
was O
benched O
Monday O
, O
delivered O
a O
double O
down O
the O
left-field O
line O
in O
the O
first O
, O
scoring O
Luis B-PER
Castilla I-PER
and O
Alex B-PER
Arias I-PER
to O
put O
the O
Marlins B-ORG
ahead O
to O
stay O
. O

At O
Colorado B-LOC
, O
Hal B-PER
Morris I-PER
and O
Eric B-PER
Davis I-PER
each O
homered O
and O
John B-PER
Smiley I-PER
scattered O
six O
hits O
over O
6 O
2/3 O
innings O
as O
the O
Cincinnati B-ORG
Reds I-ORG
defeated O
the O
Colorado B-ORG
Rockies I-ORG
4-3 O
, O
snapping O
a O
four-game O
losing O
streak O
. O

The O
Reds B-ORG
took O
a O
one-run O
lead O
in O
the O
second O
inning O
when O
Morris B-PER
led O
off O
with O
his O
10th O
homer O
off O
starter O
Armando B-PER
Reynoso I-PER
( O
8-9 O
) O
. O

They O
increased O
their O
bulge O
to O
4-0 O
in O
the O
third O
when O
Barry B-PER
Larkin I-PER
drew O
a O
one-out O
walk O
, O
Kevin B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
singled O
and O
Davis B-PER
launched O
his O
22nd O
homer O
over O
the O
right-field O
wall O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
NEW B-LOC
ZEALAND I-LOC
RECALL O
MEHRTENS B-PER
FOR O
FINAL O
TEST O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
rugby O
selectors O
recalled O
fly-half O
Andrew B-PER
Mehrtens I-PER
on O
Wednesday O
when O
they O
announced O
their O
team O
for O
the O
third O
and O
final O
test O
in O
Johannesburg B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

He O
returns O
in O
place O
of O
Simon B-PER
Culhane I-PER
who O
broke O
a O
wrist O
in O
the O
All B-ORG
Blacks I-ORG
' O
series-clinching O
victory O
in O
Pretoria B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
. O

Mehrtens B-PER
played O
in O
the O
last O
TriNations B-MISC
test O
in O
Cape B-LOC
Town I-LOC
but O
missed O
the O
first O
two O
tests O
in O
the O
current O
series O
after O
tearing O
a O
cartilage O
in O
his O
knee O
while O
training O
, O
an O
injury O
which O
needed O
a O
small O
operation O
. O

Lock O
Ian B-PER
Jones I-PER
and O
wing O
Jeff B-PER
Wilson I-PER
have O
also O
been O
named O
in O
the O
team O
despite O
doubts O
over O
their O
fitness O
. O

Jones B-PER
has O
a O
knee O
injury O
while O
Wilson B-PER
is O
suffering O
from O
a O
viral O
infection O
. O

Blair B-PER
Larsen I-PER
or O
the O
uncapped O
Glenn B-PER
Taylor I-PER
are O
on O
standby O
to O
replace O
Jones B-PER
and O
, O
with O
Jonah B-PER
Lomu I-PER
out O
of O
action O
with O
a O
shoulder O
injury O
picked O
up O
in O
Tuesday O
's O
drawn O
match O
against O
Griqualand B-ORG
West I-ORG
, O
Eric B-PER
Rush I-PER
is O
favourite O
to O
play O
should O
Wilson B-PER
fail O
to O
recover O
. O

Team O
: O

15 O
- O
Christian B-PER
Cullen I-PER
, O
14 O
- O
Jeff B-PER
Wilson I-PER
, O
13 O
- O
Walter B-PER
Little I-PER
, O
12 O
- O
Frank B-PER
Bunce I-PER
, O
11 O
- O
Glen B-PER
Osborne I-PER
; O
10 O
- O
Andrew B-PER
Mehrtens I-PER
, O
9 O
- O
Justin B-PER
Marshall I-PER
; O
8 O
- O
Zinzan B-PER
Brooke I-PER
, O
7 O
- O
Josh B-PER
Kronfeld I-PER
, O
6 O
- O
Michael B-PER
Jones I-PER
, O
5 O
- O
Ian B-PER
Jones I-PER
, O
4 O
- O
Robin B-PER
Brooke I-PER
, O
3 O
- O
Olo B-PER
Brown I-PER
, O
2 O
- O
Sean B-PER
Fitzpatrick I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
1 O
- O
Craig B-PER
Dowd I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

HOCKEY O
- O
BONNET B-PER
TAKES O
OVER O
AS O
SOUTH O
AFRICAN O
COACH O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Former O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
captain O
Giles B-PER
Bonnet I-PER
was O
named O
by O
the O
South B-ORG
African I-ORG
Hockey I-ORG
Association I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
as O
the O
new O
coach O
of O
the O
men O
's O
national O
side O
. O

Bonnet B-PER
, O
who O
has O
been O
coaching O
the O
Kwazulu-Natal B-LOC
provincial O
team O
, O
takes O
over O
from O
Englishman B-MISC
Gavin B-PER
Featherstone I-PER
who O
took O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
to O
10th O
place O
in O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
Games I-MISC
in O
Atlanta B-LOC
. O

Featherstone B-PER
, O
a O
former O
Britain B-LOC
captain O
, O
has O
accepted O
a O
coaching O
position O
with O
a O
women O
's O
team O
in O
Ireland B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
GIBBS B-PER
GETS O
INTERNATIONAL O
CALL O
UP O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Western B-ORG
Province I-ORG
batsman O
Herschelle B-PER
Gibbs I-PER
was O
the O
only O
uncapped O
player O
in O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
14-man O
squad O
named O
on O
Wednesday O
for O
a O
quadrangular O
one-day O
series O
in O
Kenya B-LOC
next O
month O
. O

Kenya B-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
and O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
will O
take O
part O
in O
the O
series O
. O

National O
coach O
Bob B-PER
Woolmer I-PER
said O
Gibbs B-PER
, O
22 O
, O
had O
been O
rewarded O
for O
a O
tremendous O
tour O
of O
England B-LOC
with O
the O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
A O
team O
earlier O
this O
year O
. O

" O
I O
've O
known O
Herschelle B-PER
since O
he O
was O
11 O
years O
old O
and O
he O
showed O
in O
England B-LOC
how O
he O
has O
matured O
. O

His O
170 O
against O
the O
MCC B-ORG
was O
an O
innings O
of O
supreme O
class O
against O
the O
best O
bowling O
attack O
we O
faced O
all O
tour O
, O
" O
Woolmer B-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
. O

. O

" O
We O
were O
not O
able O
to O
consider O
Jacques B-PER
Kallis I-PER
, O
Paul B-PER
Adams I-PER
and O
Shaun B-PER
Pollock I-PER
due O
to O
injury O
and O
the O
replacements O
have O
all O
come O
from O
the O
A O
tour O
and O
it O
's O
great O
that O
they O
are O
all O
in O
form O
. O
" O

Spin-bowling O
all-rounders O
Nicky B-PER
Boje I-PER
and O
Derek B-PER
Crookes I-PER
replace O
Pollock B-PER
and O
Adams B-PER
, O
while O
Gibbs B-PER
comes O
in O
for O
his O
Western B-ORG
Province I-ORG
colleague O
Kallis B-PER
. O

Squad O
: O
Hansie B-PER
Cronje I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Craig B-PER
Matthews I-PER
( O
vice-captain O
) O
, O
Dave B-PER
Richardson I-PER
, O
Brian B-PER
McMillan I-PER
, O
Gary B-PER
Kirsten I-PER
, O
Andrew B-PER
Hudson I-PER
, O
Pat B-PER
Symcox I-PER
, O
Jonty B-PER
Rhodes I-PER
, O
Allan B-PER
Donald I-PER
, O
Fanie B-PER
de I-PER
Villiers I-PER
, O
Daryll B-PER
Cullinan I-PER
, O
Derek B-PER
Crookes I-PER
, O
Herschelle B-PER
Gibs I-PER
, O
Nicky B-PER
Boje I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
OLYMPIAKOS B-ORG
BEAT O
RED B-ORG
STAR I-ORG
71-57 O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Olympiakos B-ORG
of O
Greece B-LOC
beat O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
's O
Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
71-57 O
( O
halftime O
40-34 O
) O
in O
the O
first O
match O
of O
an O
international O
club O
basketball O
tournament O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Partizan B-ORG
( O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
) O
, O
Alba B-ORG
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
, O
Dinamo B-ORG
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
and O
Benetton B-ORG
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
are O
also O
taking O
part O
in O
the O
event O
which O
continues O
until O
Saturday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
RUSSIA B-LOC
AND O
BRAZIL B-LOC
DRAW O
2-2 O
IN O
FRIENDLY O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Russia B-LOC
and O
Brazil B-LOC
drew O
2-2 O

( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O
in O
a O
friendly O
soccer O
international O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Russia B-LOC
- O
Yuri B-PER
Nikiforov I-PER
( O
18th O
minute O
) O
, O
Vladislav B-PER
Rodimov I-PER

( O
80th O
) O

Brazil B-LOC
- O
Donizetti B-PER
( O
47th O
) O
, O
Ronaldo B-PER
( O
85th O
) O

Attendence O
: O
20,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

SQUASH O
- O
HONG B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
FIRST O
ROUND O
RESULTS O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

First O
round O
results O
in O
the O
Hong B-MISC

Kong B-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Wednesday O
( O
prefix O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

2 O
- O
Rodney B-PER
Eyles I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Zarak B-PER
Jahan I-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O

15-6 O
8-15 O
15-10 O
7-15 O
15-12 O

4 O
- O
Peter B-PER
Nicol I-PER
( O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Julian B-PER
Wellings I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
15-8 O

15-7 O
15-6 O

Derek B-PER
Ryan I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
beat O
5 O
- O
Simon B-PER
Parke I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
15-11 O
15-11 O

2-15 O
15-11 O

7 O
- O
Chris B-PER
Walker I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
beat O
Julien B-PER
Bonetat I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
15-12 O

15-6 O
15-2 O

Jonathon B-PER
Power I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ahmed B-PER
Barada I-PER
( O
Egypt B-LOC
) O
11-15 O
8-15 O

15-13 O
15-11 O
15-2 O

Amr B-PER
Shabana I-PER
( O
Egypt B-LOC
) O
beat O
John B-PER
White I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
10-15 O
15-9 O

15-10 O
16-17 O
15-1 O

Paul B-PER
Johnson I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
beat O
Tony B-PER
Hands I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
12-15 O
15-11 O

7-15 O
15-6 O
15-11 O

Zubair B-PER
Jahan I-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Faheem B-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
) O
12-15 O

15-10 O
15-10 O
15-10 O

R O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
FORMULA B-ORG
SHELL I-ORG
WIN O
GAME O
ONE O
IN O
PHILIPPINES O
. O

MANILA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Result O
of O
game O
one O
of O
the O
Philippine B-ORG
Basketball I-ORG
Association I-ORG
second O
conference O
finals O
on O
Tuesday O
: O

Formula B-ORG
Shell I-ORG
beat O
Alaska B-ORG
Milk I-ORG
85-82 O
( O
36-46 O
) O

( O
Formula B-ORG
Shell I-ORG
leads O
best-of-seven O
series O
1-0 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ISRAELI B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Results O
of O
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
played O
over O
the O
weekend O
and O
Tuesday O
: O

Hapoel B-ORG
Kfar I-ORG
Sava I-ORG
0 O
Hapoel B-ORG
Zafririm I-ORG
Holon I-ORG
1 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Tel I-ORG
Aviv I-ORG
1 O
Maccabi B-ORG
Haifa I-ORG
3 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Jerusalem I-ORG
0 O
Hapoel B-ORG
Petah I-ORG
Tikva I-ORG
3 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Ironi I-ORG
Rishon I-ORG
Lezion O
3 O
Hapoel B-ORG
Taibe I-ORG
1 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Beit I-ORG
She'an I-ORG
0 O
Hapoel B-ORG
Beit I-ORG
She'an I-ORG
1 O

Maccabi B-ORG
Petah I-ORG
Tikva I-ORG
0 O
Betar B-ORG
Jerusalem I-ORG
3 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Haifa I-ORG
3 O
Maccabi O
Tel B-ORG
Aviv I-ORG
1 O

Hapoel B-ORG
Beersheva I-ORG
2 O
Maccabi B-ORG
Herzliya I-ORG
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
SELES B-PER
HAS I-PER
WALKOVER O
TO O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
THIRD O
ROUND O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Second O
seed O
and O
co-world O
number O
one O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
advanced O
to O
the O
third O
round O
of O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
Tennis I-MISC
Championships I-MISC
without O
hitting O
a O
ball O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Seles B-PER
, O
the O
1991 O
and O
1992 O
champion O
who O
dropped O
just O
one O
game O
in O
her O
opening O
match O
, O
was O
scheduled O
to O
play O
Laurence B-PER
Courtois I-PER
of O
Belgium B-LOC
Wednesay O
night O
. O

But O
tournament O
officials O
announced O
about O
four-and-a-half O
hours O
before O
the O
match O
that O
Courtois B-PER
had O
pulled O
out O
due O
to O
a O
left O
knee O
bone O
inflammation O
, O
moving O
Seles B-PER
into O
the O
next O
round O
on O
a O
walkover O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
SERIOUS O
MEDVEDEV B-PER
IS O
HAVING O
FUN O
AGAIN O
. O

Richard B-PER
Finn I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Outspoken O
Andrei B-PER
Medvedev I-PER
exchanged O
his O
reputation O
as O
the O
clown O
prince O
of O
tennis O
on O
Wednesday O
for O
a O
new O
no-nonsense O
attitude O
that O
has O
made O
life O
on O
the O
courts O
fun O
again O
. O

" O
I O
think O
I O
'm O
much O
more O
focused O
on O
what O
I O
have O
to O
do O
, O
and O
that O
's O
playing O
tennis O
, O
" O
Medvedev B-PER
said O
after O
routing O
Frenchman B-MISC
Jean-Philippe B-PER
Fleurian I-PER
6-2 O
6-0 O
6-1 O
in O
the O
opening O
round O
of O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

It O
was O
Medvedev B-PER
's O
sixth O
victory O
in O
a O
row O
after O
winning O
his O
first O
tournament O
of O
the O
year O
last O
week O
at O
the O
Hamlet B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

" O
I O
realised O
this O
year O
, O
that O
without O
putting O
99.9 O
percent O
of O
your O
mind O
into O
tennis O
, O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
you O
can O
successful O
, O
" O
said O
the O
22-year-old O
Medvedev B-PER
. O

" O
The O
whole O
day O
I O
'm O
thinking O
abnout O
tennis O
. O

I O
felt O
that O
all O
the O
other O
things O
I O
was O
doing O
the O
years O
before O
, O
they O
were O
distracting O
me O
, O
they O
were O
not O
helping O
me O
at O
all O
. O
" O

For O
Medvedev B-PER
that O
meant O
confining O
his O
post-match O
comments O
to O
tennis O
and O
not O
going O
off O
on O
tirades O
about O
about O
peripheral O
issues O
such O
as O
the O
poor O
quality O
of O
food O
in O
the O
players O
lounge O
, O
an O
entertaining O
rant O
that O
took O
his O
mind O
off O
the O
task O
at O
hand O
. O

" O
I O
know O
what O
I O
'm O
here O
for O
, O
" O
said O
Medvedev B-PER
, O
who O
lost O
in O
the O
second O
round O
of O
the O
Open B-MISC
the O
last O
two O
years O
after O
reaching O
the O
quarters O
in O
1993 O
, O
the O
same O
year O
he O
tried O
his O
hand O
as O
a O
restaurant O
critic O
. O

" O
I O
'm O
not O
here O
to O
fight O
the O
press O
or O
talk O
about O
the O
food O
or O
entertain O
the O
people O
off O
the O
court O
. O

I O
'm O
here O
to O
play O
tennis O
and O
to O
win O
. O

I O
have O
much O
less O
fun O
off O
the O
court O
. O

I O
have O
much O
more O
fun O
on O
the O
court O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Just O
three O
years O
ago O
Medvedev B-PER
was O
one O
of O
the O
world O
's O
best O
, O
with O
a O
ranking O
of O
six O
after O
reaching O
the O
French B-MISC
Open I-MISC
semifinal O
and O
winning O
three O
tournaments O
. O

But O
Medvedev B-PER
's O
ranking O
slowly O
began O
to O
drop O
last O
year O
as O
he O
struggled O
with O
a O
wrist O
injury O
. O

The O
Ukrainian B-MISC
finally O
hit O
a O
low O
of O
44th O
two O
months O
ago O
. O

" O
It O
's O
somewhere O
where O
I O
would O
n't O
like O
to O
stay O
very O
long O
, O
" O
Medvedev B-PER
said O
of O
his O
current O
ranking O
of O
36 O
. O
" O

It O
's O
a O
part O
of O
the O
penalty O
that O
I O
have O
to O
accept O
. O
" O

As O
part O
of O
his O
new O
businesslike O
approach O
, O
Medvedev B-PER
hired O
Australian B-MISC
coach O
Bob B-PER
Brett I-PER
at O
the O
start O
of O
this O
year O
and O
the O
partnership O
is O
beginning O
to O
pay O
off O
. O

" O
At O
the O
beginning O
of O
the O
year O
we O
started O
from O
zero O
, O
" O
said O
Medvedev B-PER
. O
" O

Winning O
in O
Long B-LOC
Island I-LOC
( O
last O
week O
) O
was O
like O
winning O
for O
the O
first O
time O
. O
" O

While O
Medvedev B-PER
's O
77-minute O
romp O
past O
Fleurian B-PER
was O
rather O
ordinary O
, O
the O
fact O
that O
the O
two O
were O
playing O
each O
other O
was O
rather O
remarkable O
. O

In O
the O
original O
draw O
, O
Medvedev B-PER
and O
Fleurian B-PER
were O
slotted O
to O
play O
each O
other O
. O

When O
controversy O
forced O
the O
draw O
to O
be O
done O
over O
-- O
against O
odds O
of O
151-to-1 O
-- O
Medvedev B-PER
and O
Fleurian B-PER
drew O
each O
other O
a O
second O
time O
. O

" O
When O
I O
saw O
the O
new O
draw O
I O
did O
n't O
have O
to O
change O
my O
preparation O
, O
" O
Medvedev B-PER
said O
. O
" O

I O
think O
it O
's O
destined O
that O
it O
turned O
out O
for O
me O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
WEDNESDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
FROM O
THE O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Results O
of O
Wednesday O
's O
matches O
in O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
Tennis I-MISC
Championships I-MISC
at O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

15 O
- O
Gabriela B-PER
Sabatini I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ann B-PER
Grossman I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6 O
- O
3 O

Irina B-PER
Spirlea I-PER
( O
Romania B-LOC
) O
beat O
Maria B-PER
Jose I-PER
Gaidano I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-2 O

8 O
- O
Lindsay B-PER
Davenport I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Henrietta B-PER
Nagyova I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
6- O
0 O
6-4 O

Anne-Gaelle B-PER
Sidot I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Wang B-PER
Shi-Ting I-PER
( O
Taiwan B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
3-6 O
6-3 O

Sandrine B-PER
Testud I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Cristina B-PER
Torrens-Valero I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
6 O
- O
2 O
6-1 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
first O
round O

Andrei B-PER
Medvedev I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jean-Philippe B-PER
Fleurian I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-0 O
6-1 O

David B-PER
Nainkin I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
9 O
- O
Wayne B-PER
Ferreira I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O
2-6 O
7-5 O

David B-PER
Rikl I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Hicham B-PER
Arazi I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
7-5 O
6-2 O

Andrea B-PER
Gaudenzi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
beat O
Shuzo B-PER
Matsuoka I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
6 O
- O
2 O
6-3 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
first O
round O

17 O
- O
Felix B-PER
Mantilla I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Fernando B-PER
Meligeni I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6 O
- O
7 O
( O
2-7 O
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O
6-3 O

Jonas B-PER
Bjorkman I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Karol B-PER
Kucera I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
5-7 O
7- O
6 O
( O
7-3 O
) O
7-5 O

Jan B-PER
Kroslak I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Chris B-PER
Woodruff I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
2-6 O
6-4 O
3-6 O
6 O
- O
2 O
7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

Amanda B-PER
Coetzer I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
beat O
Mariaan B-PER
de I-PER
Swardt I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
6-2 O
7-5 O

Linda B-PER
Wild I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kristie B-PER
Boogert I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
5-7 O
6-3 O
6-3 O

Kimberly B-PER
Po I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kristina B-PER
Brandi I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-1 O
6-4 O

Helena B-PER
Sukova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Paola B-PER
Suarez I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
6- O
4 O
7-6 O
( O
7-2 O
) O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

2 O
- O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Laurence B-PER
Courtois I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
by O
walkover O
( O
knee O
injury O
) O

Dally B-PER
Randriantefy I-PER
( O
Madagascar B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jane B-PER
Chi I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-1 O

Ines B-PER
Gorrochategui I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Aleksandra B-PER
Olsza I-PER
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O
6 O
- O
1 O
6-1 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
first O
round O

12 O
- O
Todd B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Younes B-PER
El I-PER
Aynaoui I-PER
( O
Morocco B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O
4-6 O
6-4 O

Sjeng B-PER
Schalken I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
Gilbert B-PER
Schaller I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
6- O
3 O
6-4 O
6-7 O
( O
6-8 O
) O
6-3 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
first O
round O

Michael B-PER
Tebbutt I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Richey B-PER
Reneberg I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
3-6 O

6-1 O
3-6 O
7-5 O
6-3 O

Paul B-PER
Haarhuis I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
Michael B-PER
Joyce I-PER
( O
U.S B-LOC
) O
6-7 O

( O
5-7 O
) O
7-6 O
( O
8-6 O
) O
1-6 O
6-2 O
6-2 O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

Barbara B-PER
Rittner I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
13 O
- O
Brenda B-PER
Schultz-McCarthy I-PER
( O

Netherlands B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-1 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
first O
round O

Guy B-PER
Forget I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Grant B-PER
Stafford I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
3-6 O
2-6 O
6-4 O
7-6 O
( O
7-2 O
) O
6-3 O

( O
End O
first O
round O
) O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

Lisa B-PER
Raymond I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Sarah B-PER
Pitkowski I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-0 O

Asa B-PER
Carlsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Barbara B-PER
Schett I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
3-1 O
retired O
( O
Thigh O
injury O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
TUESDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Tuesday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
74 O
57 O
.565 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
70 O
61 O
.534 O
4 O

BOSTON B-ORG
68 O
65 O
.511 O
7 O

TORONTO B-ORG
62 O
71 O
.466 O
13 O

DETROIT B-ORG
47 O
85 O
.356 O
27 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
79 O
53 O
.598 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
70 O
64 O
.522 O
10 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
66 O
66 O
.500 O
13 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
64 O
69 O
.481 O
15 O
1/2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
60 O
73 O
.451 O
19 O
1/2 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
75 O
57 O
.568 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
68 O
63 O
.519 O
6 O
1/2 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
63 O
72 O
.467 O
13 O
1/2 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
61 O
71 O
.462 O
14 O

WEDNESDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
28TH O
SCHEDULE O

CLEVELAND B-ORG
AT O
DETROIT B-LOC

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
AT O
CHICAGO B-LOC

OAKLAND B-ORG
AT O
BALTIMORE B-LOC

MINNESOTA B-ORG
AT O
TORONTO B-LOC

TEXAS B-ORG
AT O
KANSAS B-LOC
CITY I-LOC

BOSTON B-ORG
AT O
CALIFORNIA B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
SEATTLE B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
81 O
49 O
.623 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
70 O
60 O
.538 O
11 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
62 O
70 O
.470 O
20 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
73 O
.447 O
23 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
54 O
79 O
.406 O
28 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
71 O
62 O
.534 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
69 O
63 O
.523 O
1 O
1/2 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
65 O
66 O
.496 O
5 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
64 O
65 O
.496 O
5 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
56 O
75 O
.427 O
14 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
73 O
60 O
.549 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
71 O
60 O
.542 O
1 O

COLORADO B-ORG
69 O
64 O
.519 O
4 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
56 O
74 O
.431 O
15 O
1/2 O

WEDNESDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
28TH O
SCHEDULE O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
AT O
MONTREAL B-LOC

ATLANTA B-ORG
AT O
PITTSBURGH B-LOC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

FLORIDA B-ORG
AT O
ST B-LOC
LOUIS I-LOC

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
AT O
SAN B-LOC
FRANCISCO I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
TUESDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Tuesday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

Philadelphia B-ORG
3 O
SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
2 O

Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
5 O
MONTREAL B-ORG
1 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
3 O
Atlanta B-ORG
2 O

San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
4 O
NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
3 O

HOUSTON B-ORG
6 O
Chicago B-ORG
5 O

Florida B-ORG
6 O
ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
3 O

Cincinnati B-ORG
4 O
COLORADO B-ORG
3 O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

Cleveland B-ORG
12 O
DETROIT B-ORG
2 O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
3 O
Oakland B-ORG
1 O

Minnesota B-ORG
6 O
TORONTO B-ORG
4 O

Milwaukee B-ORG
4 O
CHICAGO B-ORG
2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
4 O
Texas B-ORG
3 O
( O
10 O
innings O
) O

Boston B-ORG
2 O
CALIFORNIA B-ORG
1 O

SEATTLE B-ORG
7 O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
4 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
GRAF B-PER
WORKS O
HARD O
FOR O
FIRST-ROUND O
WIN O
. O

Bill B-PER
Berkrot I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

It O
was O
n't O
supposed O
to O
be O
this O
hard O
for O
defending O
champion O
Steffi B-PER
Graf I-PER
to O
win O
her O
opening O
match O
at O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Tuesday O
night O
. O

But O
the O
script O
that O
called O
for O
the O
usual O
first-round O
demolition O
by O
the O
top-ranked O
top O
seed O
was O
rewritten O
by O
29th-ranked O
Indonesian B-MISC
Yayuk B-PER
Basuki I-PER
playing O
with O
nothing O
to O
lose O
abandon O
. O

Graf B-PER
, O
of O
course O
, O
prevailed O
6-3 O
7-6 O
, O
but O
not O
before O
some O
tense O
moments O
that O
even O
had O
the O
German B-MISC
superstar O
thinking O
the O
match O
was O
going O
three O
sets O
. O

" O
I O
won O
the O
second O
set O
, O
which O
I O
did O
n't O
think O
I O
would O
do O
, O
being O
down O
5-2 O
and O
the O
chances O
she O
had O
at O
6-5 O
, O
" O
Graf B-PER
recalled O
. O

Several O
of O
the O
other O
women O
's O
seeds O
eased O
into O
the O
second O
round O
with O
more O
typical O
Graf-like B-MISC
efficiency O
Tuesday O
. O

As O
afternoon O
turned O
to O
evening O
, O
fourth-seeded O
Spaniard B-MISC
Conchita B-PER
Martinez I-PER
took O
apart O
Romanian B-MISC
Ruxandra B-PER
Dragomir I-PER
in O
58 O
minutes O
with O
the O
loss O
of O
just O
two O
games O
, O
one O
more O
than O
second O
seed O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
, O
who O
opened O
the O
second-day O
programme O
by O
crushing O
American B-MISC
Anne B-PER
Miller I-PER
6-0 O
6-1 O
. O

Third O
seed O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
, O
the O
1994 O
champion O
, O
and O
eighth-seeded O
Olympic B-MISC
gold O
medalist O
Lindsay B-PER
Davenport I-PER
dropped O
three O
game O
each O
en O
route O
to O
the O
second O
round O
. O

But O
the O
day O
was O
not O
without O
its O
seeded O
casualties O
on O
the O
women O
's O
side O
. O

Fifth-seed O
Iva B-PER
Majoli I-PER
of O
Croatia B-LOC
was O
picked O
off O
by O
Austrian B-MISC
Judith B-PER
Wiesner I-PER
and O
Wimbledon B-MISC
semifinalist O
Kimiko B-PER
Date I-PER
of O
Japan B-LOC
, O
the O
10th O
seed O
, O
fell O
6-2 O
7-5 O
to O
53rd-ranked O
American B-MISC
Kimberly B-PER
Po I-PER
. O

Date B-PER
's O
defeat O
left O
no O
other O
seeded O
players O
in O
Seles B-PER
's O
quarter O
of O
the O
draw O
, O
which O
lost O
Anke B-PER
Huber I-PER
( O
6 O
) O
and O
Maggie B-PER
Maleeva I-PER
( O
12 O
) O
on O
Monday O
. O

But O
Graf B-PER
, O
winner O
of O
20 O
Grand B-MISC
Slam I-MISC
titles O
, O
was O
not O
about O
to O
join O
that O
list O
. O

" O
At O
some O
points O
I O
felt O
a O
little O
nervous O
, O
" O
she O
admitted O
. O
" O

When O
it O
came O
down O
to O
the O
important O
points O
, O
I O
felt O
more O
confident O
. O
" O

Basuki B-PER
, O
a O
first-round O
loser O
here O
for O
the O
fifth O
consecutive O
year O
, O
was O
clearly O
going O
for O
winners O
, O
hitting O
the O
lines O
and O
running O
Graf B-PER
around O
the O
court O
as O
she O
broke O
the O
top O
seed O
twice O
in O
the O
second O
set O
to O
grab O
that O
shocking O
5-2 O
lead O
. O

Graf B-PER
ran O
off O
the O
next O
three O
games O
to O
restore O
some O
semblance O
of O
order O
. O

But O
Basuki B-PER
, O
her O
long O
black O
ponytail O
flying O
as O
she O
raced O
for O
shots O
, O
held O
her O
serve O
and O
twice O
had O
set O
point O
on O
Graf B-PER
's O
serve O
at O
6-5 O
before O
the O
German B-MISC
unleashed O
a O
forehand O
pass O
to O
force O
the O
tie-break O
. O

" O
I O
lost O
the O
moment O
, O
" O
lamented O
Basuki B-PER
, O
who O
has O
reached O
the O
fourth O
round O
at O
Wimbledon B-LOC
four O
times O
and O
was O
a O
semifinalist O
in O
Montreal B-LOC
earlier O
this O
month O
. O

Still O
, O
the O
feisty O
Indonesian B-MISC
got O
off O
to O
a O
3-0 O
lead O
in O
the O
tie-breaker O
before O
a O
pair O
of O
costly O
double O
faults O
gave O
Graf B-PER
her O
chance O
to O
avoid O
a O
third O
set O
. O

" O
Usually O
in O
the O
first O
one O
or O
two O
matches O
, O
you O
want O
to O
find O
your O
rhythm O
and O
want O
to O
get O
into O
it O
, O
" O
said O
Graf B-PER
, O
who O
won O
seven O
of O
the O
last O
eight O
points O
in O
the O
breaker O
. O

" O
To O
be O
in O
that O
situation O
today O
, O
a O
couple O
of O
times O
having O
to O
play O
well O
, O
get O
down O
and O
play O
point-by-point O
, O
definitely O
is O
a O
good O
start O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
SOSA B-PER
HAS O
SURGERY O
, O
OUT O
UP O
TO O
SIX O
WEEKS O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Chicago B-ORG
Cubs I-ORG
right O
fielder O
Sammy B-PER
Sosa I-PER
underwent O
surgery O
on O
Monday O
to O
remove O
a O
fractured O
bone O
from O
his O
right O
hand O
and O
will O
miss O
four O
to O
six O
weeks O
, O
the O
club O
announced O
Tuesday O
. O

Sosa B-PER
, O
a O
leading O
candidate O
for O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
Most B-MISC
Valuable I-MISC
Player I-MISC
honours O
, O
was O
injured O
August O
20th O
when O
he O
was O
hit O
by O
a O
Mark B-PER
Hutton I-PER
pitch O
in O
the O
first O
inning O
of O
an O
8-1 O
victory O
over O
the O
Florida B-ORG
Marlins I-ORG
. O

The O
27-year-old O
Sosa B-PER
leads O
the O
league O
with O
40 O
homers O
and O
is O
tied O
for O
10th O
with O
100 O
RBI B-MISC
. O

The O
loss O
of O
Sosa B-PER
, O
who O
appeared O
in O
all O
124 O
games O
this O
season O
, O
is O
a O
huge O
blow O
to O
the O
Cubs B-ORG
' O
playoff O
hopes O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
MARCELO B-PER
HAT-TRICK O
KEEPS O
PSV B-ORG
AT O
TOP O
OF O
DUTCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Brazilian B-MISC
striker O
Marcelo B-PER
scored O
a O
hat-trick O
as O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
maintained O
their O
100 O
percent O
record O
and O
stayed O
on O
top O
of O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O
with O
a O
3-1 O
win O
at O
Volendam B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
. O

PSV B-ORG
's O
main O
rivals O
for O
the O
title O
, O
defending O
champions O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
, O
celebrated O
the O
novelty O
of O
having O
the O
roof O
of O
their O
new O
51,000 O
seat O
stadium O
closed O
against O
the O
rain O
, O
with O
a O
1-0 O
win O
over O
AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
. O

Ajax B-ORG
were O
missing O
six O
first-team O
players O
but O
Frank B-PER
de I-PER
Boer I-PER
shot O
home O
the O
winner O
from O
a O
20-metre O
free O
kick O
in O
the O
30th O
minute O
of O
a O
dull O
game O
. O

Marcelo B-PER
, O
signed O
in O
close O
season O
to O
replace O
compatriot O
Ronaldo B-PER
who O
left O
to O
play O
for O
Barcelona B-ORG
, O
opened O
the O
PSV B-ORG
scoring O
in O
the O
19th O
minute O
when O
he O
fired O
home O
after O
good O
work O
from O
Rene B-PER
Eijkelkamp I-PER
. O

The O
Brazilian B-MISC
found O
the O
mark O
again O
two O
minutes O
after O
halftime O
and O
again O
in O
the O
56th O
minute O
before O
midfielder O
Pascal B-PER
Jongsma I-PER
scored O
a O
consolation O
goal O
for O
Volendam B-ORG
five O
minutes O
from O
time O
. O

Feyenoord B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
suffered O
an O
early O
shock O
when O
they O
went O
1-0 O
down O
after O
four O
minutes O
against O
de O
Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
. O

The O
equaliser O
came O
in O
the O
73rd O
minute O
when O
Swedish B-MISC
international O
Henke B-PER
Larsson I-PER
scored O
from O
close O
range O
and O
10 O
minutes O
later O
Jean-Paul B-PER
van I-PER
Gastel I-PER
gave O
Feyenoord B-ORG
a O
2-1 O
victory O
from O
the O
penalty O
spot O
. O

After O
three O
matches O
PSV B-ORG
lead O
the O
first O
division O
with O
nine O
points O
, O
three O
points O
clear O
of O
fifth-placed O
Ajax B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ROBSON B-PER
WINS O
FIRST O
TROPHY O
WITH O
BARCELONA B-ORG
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Former O
England B-LOC
manager O
Bobby B-PER
Robson I-PER
enjoyed O
his O
first O
success O
in O
charge O
of O
Barcelona B-ORG
as O
his O
team O
weathered O
90 O
minutes O
of O
non-stop O
Atletico B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
pressure O
to O
win O
the O
Spanish B-MISC
Super B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
6-5 O
on O
aggregate O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Barcelona B-ORG
had O
won O
the O
first O
leg O
5-2 O
but O
the O
second O
leg O
was O
a O
different O
story O
. O

Atletico B-ORG
came O
within O
a O
whisker O
of O
taking O
the O
Cup B-MISC
on O
the O
away-goal O
rule O
but O
squandered O
several O
chances O
after O
going O
3-1 O
ahead O
15 O
minutes O
from O
the O
end O
. O

Juan B-PER
Lopez I-PER
gave O
Atletico B-ORG
the O
lead O
midway O
through O
the O
first O
half O
after O
Barcelona B-ORG
fullback O
Albert B-PER
Ferrer I-PER
and O
substitute O
goalkeeper O
Julen B-PER
Lopetegui I-PER
failed O
to O
clear O
a O
Milinko B-PER
Pantic I-PER
cross O
. O

Barcelona B-ORG
's O
Hristo B-PER
Stoichkov I-PER
made O
his O
only O
significant O
contribution O
of O
the O
evening O
10 O
minutes O
after O
halftime O
when O
Sergi B-PER
Barjuan I-PER
broke O
down O
the O
right O
to O
set O
up O
the O
fiery O
Bulgarian B-MISC
with O
a O
simple O
equaliser O
. O

But O
Atletico B-ORG
struck O
back O
almost O
immediately O
through O
new O
signing O
Juan B-PER
Eduardo I-PER
Esnaider I-PER
and O
then O
Serbian B-MISC
set-piece O
specialist O
Pantic B-PER
made O
it O
3-1 O
with O
a O
superb O
free-kick O
in O
the O
75th O
minute O
. O

Robson B-PER
praised O
Atletico B-ORG
after O
the O
game O
, O
which O
was O
played O
in O
the O
Community B-LOC
of I-LOC
Madrid I-LOC
athletic O
stadium O
because O
of O
pitch O
problems O
at O
the O
Vicente B-PER
Calderon B-LOC
ground O
. O

The O
venue O
of O
Atletico B-ORG
's O
first O
league O
game O
, O
scheduled O
for O
Sunday O
, O
is O
still O
in O
doubt O
with O
the O
Real B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
's O
Santiago B-LOC
Bernabeu I-LOC
a O
distinct O
possibility O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SUMMARY O
OF O
SPANISH B-MISC
SUPER B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Summary O
of O
the O
Spanish B-MISC
Super B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
second O
leg O
, O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Atletico B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
3 O
( O
Juan B-PER
Lopez I-PER
28th O
minute O
, O
Juan B-PER
Esnaider I-PER
58th O
, O
Milinko B-PER
Pantic I-PER
75th O
) O
Barcelona B-ORG
1 O
( O
Hristo B-PER
Stoichkov I-PER
55th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-0 O
. O

Attendance O
11,000 O
. O

( O
Barcelona B-ORG
win O
6-5 O
on O
aggregate O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BARCELONA B-ORG
WIN O
SPANISH B-MISC
SUPER B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Result O
of O
the O
Spanish B-MISC
Super B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
second O
leg O
, O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Atletico B-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
3 O
Barcelona B-ORG
1 O

( O
Barcelona B-ORG
win O
6-5 O
on O
aggregate O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
AJAX B-ORG
SIGN O
ARGENTINE B-MISC
STRIKER O
GABRICH B-PER
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Argentine B-MISC
striker O
Iwan B-PER
Cesar I-PER
Gabrich I-PER
signed O
a O
five O
year O
contract O
with O
Dutch B-MISC
champions O
Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
24-year-old O
Gabrich B-PER
, O
who O
signed O
for O
an O
undisclosed O
fee O
from O
the O
Argentine B-MISC
side O
Newell B-ORG
Old I-ORG
Boys I-ORG
, O
is O
set O
to O
join O
Dutch B-MISC
international O
Patrick B-PER
Kluivert I-PER
in O
the O
Ajax B-ORG
forward O
line O
. O

He O
is O
Ajax B-ORG
's O
sixth O
new O
signing O
this O
year O
, O
joining O
midfielder O
Richard B-PER
Witschge I-PER
, O
defenders O
John B-PER
Veldman I-PER
and O
Mariano B-PER
Juan I-PER
and O
strikers O
Tijjani B-PER
Babangida I-PER
and O
Dani B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
PARMA B-ORG
, O
ROMA B-ORG
AND O
UDINESE B-ORG
OUT O
OF O
ITALIAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

UEFA B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
hopefuls O
Parma B-ORG
and O
Roma B-ORG
, O
under O
new O
coaches O
this O
season O
, O
crashed O
out O
of O
the O
Italian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
to O
second O
division O
opponents O
on O
Wednesday O
while O
league O
champions O
Milan B-ORG
could O
only O
draw O
1-1 O
at O
humble O
Empoli B-ORG
. O

Wealthy O
Parma B-ORG
, O
now O
coached O
by O
the O
former O
Italian B-MISC
international O
Carlo B-PER
Ancelotti I-PER
, O
were O
without O
new O
striker O
Enrico B-PER
Chiesa I-PER
and O
went O
down O
3-1 O
at O
serie O
B O
club O
Pescara B-ORG
in O
their O
second O
round O
clash O
. O

Pescara B-ORG
's O
Ottavio B-PER
Palladini I-PER
shattered O
Parma B-ORG
with O
goals O
in O
the O
second O
and O
fourth O
minutes O
. O

Midfielder O
Marco B-PER
Giampaolo I-PER
made O
it O
3-0 O
in O
the O
38th O
minute O
and O
Parma B-ORG
's O
Alessandro B-PER
Melli I-PER
pulled O
back O
a O
late O
goal O
six O
minutes O
from O
time O
. O

The O
second O
round O
was O
the O
entry O
point O
for O
the O
bulk O
of O
the O
serie B-MISC
A I-MISC
sides O
with O
the O
winners O
going O
through O
. O

The O
later O
stages O
of O
the O
cup O
are O
played O
over O
two O
legs O
. O

Parma B-ORG
's O
defeat O
was O
a O
repeat O
of O
last O
season O
's O
fiasco O
when O
they O
lost O
their O
opening O
cup O
match O
3-0 O
to O
Palermo B-ORG
. O

Roma B-ORG
, O
now O
coached O
by O
Argentine B-MISC
Carlos B-PER
Bianchi I-PER
and O
watched O
by O
Italian B-MISC
national O
coach O
Arrigo B-PER
Sacchi I-PER
, O
lost O
3-1 O
to O
Cesena B-ORG
-- O
another O
repeat O
of O
last O
season O
when O
the O
Rome B-LOC
club O
also O
went O
out O
at O
the O
first O
hurdle O
. O

Udinese B-ORG
, O
with O
Germany B-LOC
's O
Euro B-MISC
' I-MISC
96 I-MISC
hero O
Oliver B-PER
Bierhoff I-PER
in O
their O
lineup O
, O
completed O
the O
hat-trick O
of O
beaten O
serie B-MISC
A I-MISC
sides O
when O
they O
went O
under O
2-1 O
to O
newly O
relegated O
Cremonese B-ORG
. O

Milan B-ORG
's O
new O
Uruguayan B-MISC
coach O
Oscar B-PER
Tabarez I-PER
avoided O
the O
nightmare O
of O
defeat O
but O
faces O
a O
replay O
at O
home O
next O
Sunday O
. O

Cup B-MISC
holders O
Fiorentina B-ORG
easily O
beat O
Cosenza B-ORG
3-1 O
while O
European B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
holders O
Juventus B-ORG
also O
cruised O
through O
with O
a O
2-0 O
win O
at O
small O
southern O
club O
Fidelis B-ORG
Andria I-ORG
. O

Two O
other O
serie B-MISC
A I-MISC
sides O
lost O
at O
the O
weekend O
-- O
Piacenza B-ORG
and O
last O
year O
's O
losing O
finalists O
Atalanta B-ORG
. O

Two O
cup O
matches O
could O
not O
be O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
due O
to O
argument O
over O
first O
round O
results O
. O

Lecce B-ORG
's O
3-0 O
weekend O
defeat O
of O
Genoa B-ORG
was O
expected O
to O
be O
overturned O
by O
a O
sporting O
judge O
on O
Thursday O
after O
the O
home O
club O
fielded O
an O
ineligible O
player O
. O

That O
would O
set O
Genoa B-ORG
up O
for O
a O
second O
round O
match O
against O
local O
rivals O
Sampdoria B-ORG
. O

Nocerina B-ORG
's O
4-3 O
defeat O
of O
Piacenza B-ORG
was O
also O
subject O
to O
a O
complaint O
, O
later O
removed O
, O
that O
forced O
their O
second O
round O
match O
against O
serie B-MISC
A I-MISC
newcomers O
Perugia B-ORG
to O
be O
delayed O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
BAYERN B-ORG
HIT O
FOUR O
TO O
TAKE O
BUNDESLIGA B-MISC
TOP O
SPOT O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Goals O
from O
Thomas B-PER
Helmer I-PER
and O
Juergen B-PER
Klinsmann I-PER
helped O
Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
to O
a O
4-2 O
home O
win O
over O
Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
and O
powered O
them O
to O
the O
top O
of O
the O
Bundesliga B-MISC
. O

The O
comfortable O
victory O
gave O
Bayern B-ORG
10 O
points O
from O
their O
first O
four O
games O
, O
a O
point O
ahead O
of O
second-placed O
Stuttgart B-ORG
, O
who O
have O
a O
game O
in O
hand O
. O

Brazilian B-MISC
midfielder O
Paulo B-PER
Sergio I-PER
put O
Leverkusen B-ORG
ahead O
in O
the O
25th O
minute O
but O
Alexander B-PER
Zickler I-PER
equalised O
just O
a O
minute O
later O
. O

A O
header O
from O
Helmer B-PER
and O
an O
acrobatic O
strike O
from O
Klinsmann B-PER
gave O
Bayern B-ORG
a O
two-goal O
cushion O
at O
halftime O
. O

But O
the O
pick O
of O
the O
13-times O
champions O
' O
goals O
came O
from O
Ruggiero B-PER
Rizzitelli I-PER
, O
who O
beat O
three O
defenders O
to O
put O
Bayern B-ORG
4-1 O
up O
. O

Markus B-PER
Feldhoff I-PER
hit O
a O
consolation O
goal O
for O
Leverkusen B-ORG
. O

Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
brought O
Cologne B-ORG
's O
100 O
percent O
record O
to O
an O
end O
with O
a O
2-0 O
win O
over O
the O
Rhineside B-MISC
club O
while O
a O
Sean B-PER
Dundee I-PER
hat-trick O
inside O
seven O
minutes O
stood O
out O
in O
Karlsruhe B-ORG
's O
4-0 O
demolition O
of O
St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ITALIAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
SECOND O
ROUND O
RESULTS O
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Results O
of O
Italian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
second O
round O

matches O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Empoli B-ORG
1 O
Milan B-ORG
1 O

Spal B-ORG
2 O
Reggiana B-ORG
4 O

Lucchese B-ORG
1 O
Vicenza B-ORG
2 O

Cremonese B-ORG
2 O
Udinese B-ORG
1 O

Cesena B-ORG
3 O
Roma B-ORG
1 O

Bologna B-ORG
2 O
Torino B-ORG
1 O

Cosenza B-ORG
1 O
Fiorentina B-ORG
3 O

Avellino B-ORG
0 O
Lazio B-ORG
1 O

Bari B-ORG
1 O
Verona B-ORG
1 O

Pescara B-ORG
3 O
Parma B-ORG
1 O

Monza B-ORG
0 O
Napoli B-ORG
1 O

Chievo B-ORG
2 O
Cagliari B-ORG
3 O

Ravenna B-ORG
0 O
Inter B-ORG
1 O

Fidelis B-ORG
Andria I-ORG
0 O
Juventus B-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARIES O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Summaries O
of O
Wednesday O
's O
German B-MISC

first O
division O
soccer O
matches O
: O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
4 O
( O
Keller B-PER
18th O
minute O
, O
Dundee B-ORG
56th O
59th O
and O
64th O
) O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
0 O
. O

Halftime O
1-0 O
. O

Attendance O
27,600 O
. O

Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
4 O
( O
Zickler B-PER
26th O
, O
Helmer B-PER
37th O
, O
Klinsmann B-PER
44th O
, O

Rizzitelli B-PER
48th O
) O
Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
2 O
( O
Sergio B-PER
25th O
, O
Feldhoff B-PER

54th O
) O
. O

3-1 O
. O

48,000 O
. O

Cologne B-ORG
0 O
Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
2 O
( O
Akpoborie B-PER
5th O
and O
59th O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

27,000 O
. O

Fortuna B-ORG
Duesseldorf I-ORG
0 O
1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
0 O
. O

11,500 O
. O

Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
1 O
( O
Von B-PER
Heesen I-PER
56th O
) O
Duisburg B-ORG
1 O
( O
Hirsch B-PER
65th O
) O
. O

0-0 O
. O

15,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
LEADING O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
SCORERS O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Leading O
scorers O
in O
the O
French B-MISC

first O
division O
after O
Wednesday O
's O
matches O
: O

3 O
- O
Anton B-PER
Drobnjak I-PER
( O
Bastia B-ORG
) O
, O
Vladimir B-PER
Smicer I-PER
( O
Lens B-ORG
) O
, O
Miladin B-PER

Becanovic B-PER
( O
Lille B-ORG
) O
, O
Alain B-PER
Caveglia I-PER
( O
Lyon B-ORG
) O
, O
Xavier B-PER
Gravelaine I-PER

( O
Marseille B-ORG
) O
, O
Robert B-PER
Pires I-PER
( O
Metz B-ORG
) O
, O
Thierry B-PER
Henry I-PER
( O
Monaco B-ORG
) O

2 O
- O
Christopher B-PER
Wreh I-PER
( O
Guingamp B-ORG
) O
, O
Marc-Vivien B-PER
Foe I-PER
( O
Lens B-ORG
) O
, O
Enzo B-PER

Scifo B-PER
( O
Monaco B-ORG
) O
, O
James B-PER
Debbah I-PER
( O
Nice B-ORG
) O
, O
Patrice B-PER
Loko I-PER
( O
PSG B-ORG
) O
, O

Stephane B-PER
Guivarch I-PER
( O
Rennes B-ORG
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
SMICER B-PER
'S O
LAST-GASP O
GOAL O
KEEPS O
LENS B-ORG
IN O
THE O
LEAD O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Euro B-MISC
96 I-MISC
star O
Vladimir B-PER
Smicer I-PER
of O
the O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
scored O
at O
the O
last O
second O
for O
Lens B-ORG
, O
allowing O
them O
to O
retain O
the O
lead O
in O
the O
French B-MISC
soccer O
league O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Smicer B-PER
pushed O
the O
ball O
home O
in O
injury O
time O
to O
lead O
his O
team O
to O
a O
3-2 O
victory O
over O
Montpellier B-ORG
, O
who O
were O
leading O
2-1 O
until O
Cameroon B-LOC
's O
Marc-Vivien B-PER
Foe I-PER
equalised O
on O
a O
header O
in O
the O
85th O
minute O
. O

The O
win O
was O
the O
fourth O
in O
as O
many O
matches O
this O
season O
for O
Lens B-ORG
, O
who O
lead O
the O
table O
on O
12 O
points O
. O

In-form O
Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
, O
who O
dismissed O
Nantes B-ORG
1-0 O
, O
are O
second O
with O
10 O
points O
. O

Along O
with O
Smicer B-PER
, O
Robert B-PER
Pires I-PER
was O
the O
star O
of O
the O
night O
in O
France B-LOC
, O
scoring O
the O
first O
hat-trick O
of O
the O
league O
season O
in O
Metz B-ORG
's O
3-1 O
home O
victory O
over O
neighbouring O
Strasbourg B-ORG
. O

Pires B-PER
, O
one O
of O
the O
most O
promising O
strikers O
in O
the O
country O
, O
was O
called O
up O
for O
the O
first O
time O
this O
week O
by O
French B-MISC
manager O
Aime B-PER
Jacquet I-PER
for O
a O
friendly O
against O
Mexico B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
at O
the O
Parc B-LOC
des I-LOC
Princes I-LOC
. O

Pires B-PER
scored O
first O
with O
a O
powerful O
shot O
in O
the O
35th O
minute O
before O
striking O
again O
from O
close O
range O
just O
before O
the O
break O
. O

A O
solitary O
raid O
allowed O
him O
to O
score O
his O
third O
in O
the O
74th O
. O

Smicer B-PER
's O
goal O
was O
as O
hard-won O
as O
his O
team O
's O
victory O
. O

Spurred O
by O
Foe B-PER
's O
leveller O
five O
minutes O
before O
, O
Lens B-ORG
pressed O
hard O
and O
Foe B-PER
hit O
the O
crossbar O
in O
the O
dying O
seconds O
on O
another O
header O
. O

The O
ball O
bounced O
back O
to O
Smicer B-PER
's O
feet O
and O
he O
scored O
. O

Montpellier B-ORG
seized O
an O
unexpected O
lead O
thanks O
to O
Kader B-PER
Ferhaoui I-PER
in O
the O
fourth O
minute O
after O
a O
blunder O
from O
Lens B-ORG
goalkeeper O
Jean-Claude B-PER
Nadon I-PER
. O

The O
side O
from O
northern O
France B-LOC
, O
forced O
to O
fight O
an O
uphill O
battle O
from O
then O
on O
, O
pulled O
level O
thanks O
to O
Tony B-PER
Vairelles I-PER
in O
the O
eighth O
minute O
but O
young O
striker O
Fabien B-PER
Lefevre I-PER
made O
it O
two O
for O
Montpellier B-ORG
five O
minutes O
later O
. O

League O
favourites O
PSG B-ORG
scored O
a O
convincing O
1-0 O
win O
over O
Nantes B-ORG
and O
confirmed O
they O
would O
again O
be O
the O
team O
to O
beat O
this O
season O
. O

Ironically O
, O
PSG B-ORG
's O
victory O
owed O
a O
lot O
to O
two O
former O
Nantes B-ORG
players O
, O
striker O
Patrice B-PER
Loko I-PER
, O
who O
scored O
on O
a O
brilliant O
shot O
in O
the O
33rd O
minute O
, O
and O
defender O
Benoit B-PER
Cauet I-PER
, O
who O
started O
the O
one-two O
which O
allowed O
Loko B-PER
to O
score O
. O

The O
Parisians B-MISC
, O
who O
have O
yet O
to O
concede O
a O
goal O
, O
were O
without O
Brazil B-LOC
's O
Leonardo B-PER
and O
Panama B-LOC
's O
Julio B-PER
Cesar I-PER
Dely I-PER
Valdes I-PER
, O
both O
called O
up O
by O
their O
national O
sides O
. O

For O
Nantes B-ORG
, O
who O
shocked O
PSG B-ORG
to O
win O
the O
league O
crown O
two O
years O
ago O
, O
the O
fall O
is O
very O
painful O
. O

The B-ORG
Canaries I-ORG
, O
who O
lost O
most O
of O
their O
key O
players O
within O
two O
years O
, O
have O
yet O
to O
win O
a O
match O
this O
season O
. O

Reigning O
champions O
Auxerre B-ORG
had O
to O
settle O
for O
a O
goalless O
draw O
against O
Marseille B-ORG
on O
Tuesday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARIES O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Summary O
of O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
1 O
( O
Van B-PER
Hintum I-PER
69th O
penalty O
) O
RKC B-ORG
Waalijk I-ORG
2 O

( O
Schreuder B-PER
39th O
, O
Van B-PER
Arum I-PER
76th O
, O
83rd O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-1 O
. O

Attendance O

6,150 O
. O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
1 O
( O
Vierklau B-PER
85th O
) O
Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
1 O
( O
Gerard B-PER

de B-PER
Nooijer I-PER
80th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-0 O
. O

Attendance O
5,696 O
. O

Utrecht B-ORG
0 O
Twente B-ORG
Enschede I-ORG
0 O
. O

Attendance O
9,000 O
. O

Groningen B-ORG
1 O
( O
Gorre B-PER
66th O
) O
Roda B-ORG
JC I-ORG
Kerkrade I-ORG
1 O
( O
Vurens B-PER
3rd O
) O

Halftime O
0-1 O
. O

Attendance O
10,000 O
. O

Feyenoord B-ORG
2 O
( O
Larsson B-PER
73rd O
, O
Van B-PER
Gastel I-PER
83rd O
penalty O
) O
Graafschap B-ORG

Doetinchem B-ORG
1 O
( O
Schultz B-PER
4th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-1 O
. O

Attendance O
22,434 O
. O

Volendam B-ORG
1 O
( O
Jongsma B-PER
85th O
) O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
3 O
( O
Marcelo B-PER
19th O
, O
47th O
, O

56rd O
) O
. O

Halftime O
0-1 O
. O

Attendance O
6,000 O
. O

Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
1 O
( O
Frank B-PER
de I-PER
Boer I-PER
30th O
) O
AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
0 O
. O

Halftime O

1-0 O
. O

Attendance O
48,123 O
. O

Played O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
2 O
( O
Jeffrey B-PER
7th O
, O
Roest B-PER
33rd O
) O
Heerenveen B-ORG
4 O

( O
Korneev B-PER
15th O
, O
Hansma B-PER
24th O
, O
Wouden B-PER
70th O
, O
90th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
2-2 O
. O

Attendance O
4,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GERMAN B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Results O
of O
German B-MISC
first O
division O

soccer O
matches O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
4 O
St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
0 O

Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
4 O
Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
2 O

Cologne B-ORG
0 O
Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
2 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Duesseldorf I-ORG
0 O
1860 B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
0 O

Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
1 O
Duisburg B-ORG
1 O

Standings O
( O
tabulated O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Bayern B-ORG
Munich I-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
11 O
4 O
10 O

VfB B-ORG
Stuttgart I-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
10 O
1 O
9 O

Borussia B-ORG
Dortmund I-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
12 O
6 O
9 O

Cologne B-ORG
4 O
3 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
3 O
9 O

Karlsruhe B-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
9 O
3 O
7 O

Bayer B-ORG
Leverkusen I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
9 O
8 O
6 O

VfL B-ORG
Bochum I-ORG
4 O
1 O
3 O
0 O
4 O
3 O
6 O

SV B-ORG
Hamburg I-ORG
4 O
2 O
0 O
2 O
7 O
7 O
6 O

Hansa B-ORG
Rostock I-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
5 O

Werder B-ORG
Bremen I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
6 O
4 O

Munich B-ORG
1860 I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
4 O

St B-ORG
Pauli I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
7 O
11 O
4 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Duesseldorf I-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
7 O
4 O

Arminia B-ORG
Bielefeld I-ORG
4 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
3 O

Schalke B-ORG
04 I-ORG
4 O
0 O
3 O
1 O
5 O
9 O
3 O

Freiburg B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
6 O
13 O
3 O

Borussia B-ORG
Moenchengladbach I-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
2 O

Duisburg B-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
9 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
SUMMARIES O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Summaries O
of O
French B-MISC
first O
division O

matches O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Bastia B-ORG
0 O
Lille B-ORG
0 O
. O

0-0 O
. O

5,000 O
. O

Cannes B-ORG
0 O
Monaco B-ORG
2 O
( O
Henry B-PER
26th O
, O
71st O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

7,000 O
. O

Le B-ORG
Havre I-ORG
1 O
( O
Samson B-PER
24th O
) O
Caen B-ORG
1 O
( O
Etienne B-PER
Mendy I-PER
4th O
) O
. O

1-1 O
. O

12,000 O
. O

Lens B-ORG
3 O
( O
Vairelles B-PER
8th O
, O
Foe B-PER
85th O
, O
Smicer B-PER
90th O
) O
Montpellier B-ORG
2 O

( O
Ferhaoui B-PER
4th O
, O
Lefevre B-PER
13th O
) O
. O

1-2 O
. O

30,000 O
. O

Lyon B-ORG
2 O
( O
Caveglia B-PER
23rd O
, O
Giuly B-PER
30th O
) O
Nancy B-ORG
0 O
. O

2-0 O
. O

15,000 O
. O

Metz B-ORG
3 O
( O
Pires B-PER
35th O
, O
48th O
, O
74th O
) O
Strasbourg B-ORG
1 O
( O
Rodriguez B-PER
56th O
) O
. O

1-0 O
. O

14,000 O
. O

Nice B-ORG
1 O
( O
Chaouch B-PER
64th O
) O
Guingamp B-ORG
2 O
( O
Rouxel B-PER
10th O
, O
Baret B-PER
89th O
) O
. O

0-1 O
. O

4,000 O
. O

Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
1 O
( O
Loko B-PER
33rd O
) O
Nantes B-ORG
0 O
. O

1-0 O
. O

30,000 O
. O

Rennes B-ORG
1 O
( O
Guivarch B-PER
27th O
) O
Bordeaux B-ORG
1 O
( O
Colleter B-PER
86th O
) O
. O

1-0 O
. O

16,000 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
STANDINGS O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Standings O
in O
the O
French B-MISC
first O

division O
after O
Wednesday O
's O
matches O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O

drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

Lens B-ORG
4 O
4 O
0 O
0 O
9 O
3 O
12 O

Paris B-ORG
Saint-Germain I-ORG
4 O
3 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
0 O
10 O

Bastia B-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
8 O

Auxerre B-ORG
4 O
2 O
2 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
8 O

Monaco B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
4 O
7 O

Lyon B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
7 O

Metz B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
6 O
4 O
7 O

Lille B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
7 O

Guingamp B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
3 O
7 O

Cannes B-ORG
4 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
4 O
4 O
7 O

Bordeaux B-ORG
4 O
1 O
3 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
6 O

Marseille B-ORG
4 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
5 O
4 O
5 O

Rennes B-ORG
4 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
7 O
4 O

Strasbourg B-ORG
4 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
2 O
7 O
3 O

Montpellier B-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
3 O
5 O
2 O

Le B-ORG
Havre I-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
2 O
4 O
2 O

Caen B-ORG
4 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
2 O
6 O
2 O

Nice B-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
3 O
7 O
1 O

Nantes B-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
6 O
1 O

Nancy B-ORG
4 O
0 O
1 O
3 O
2 O
7 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
LEAGUE O
RESULTS O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

French B-MISC
first O
division O
soccer O

matches O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Paris B-ORG
SG I-ORG
1 O
Nantes B-ORG
0 O

Lens B-ORG
3 O
Montpellier B-ORG
2 O

Bastia B-ORG
0 O
Lille B-ORG
0 O

Cannes B-ORG
0 O
Monaco B-ORG
2 O

Rennes B-ORG
1 O
Bordeaux B-ORG
1 O

Lyon B-ORG
2 O
Nancy B-ORG
0 O

Nice B-ORG
1 O
Guingamp B-ORG
2 O

Metz B-ORG
3 O
Strasbourg B-ORG
1 O

Le B-ORG
Havre I-ORG
1 O
Caen B-ORG
1 O

Played O
Tuesday O
: O

Auxerre B-ORG
0 O
Marseille B-ORG
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
CHRISTIE B-PER
AND O
JOHNSON B-PER
ASKED O
TO O
JOIN O
OWENS B-PER
' O
TRIBUTE O
. O

Adrian B-PER
Warner I-PER

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Organisers O
hope O
to O
persuade O
Britain B-LOC
's O
former O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
metres O
champion O
Linford B-PER
Christie I-PER
to O
join O
a O
" O
Dream B-ORG
Team I-ORG
" O
sprint O
relay O
in O
a O
special O
tribute O
to O
Jesse B-PER
Owens I-PER
at O
Friday O
's O
Berlin B-LOC
grand O
prix O
. O

Christie B-PER
, O
who O
is O
retiring O
from O
international O
competition O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
season O
, O
was O
not O
due O
to O
compete O
in O
the O
German B-MISC
capital O
but O
Berlin B-LOC
promoter O
Rudi B-PER
Thiel I-PER
said O
: O
" O
We O
are O
still O
hopeful O
of O
getting O
him O
to O
come O
. O
" O

Thiel B-PER
has O
managed O
to O
get O
most O
of O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
metres O
champions O
since O
1948 O
to O
attend O
the O
meeting O
, O
which O
is O
being O
held O
in O
the O
stadium O
where O
Owens B-PER
won O
four O
gold O
medals O
60 O
years O
ago O
at O
the O
Berlin B-LOC
Olympics B-MISC
. O

Canada B-LOC
's O
Donovan B-PER
Bailey I-PER
, O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
metres O
champion O
and O
world O
record O
holder O
, O
and O
Namibian O
Frankie B-PER
Fredericks I-PER
, O
the O
silver O
medallist O
at O
the O
recent O
Atlanta B-LOC
Games B-MISC
, O
have O
already O
agreed O
to O
run O
in O
the O
4X100 O
metres O
team O
. O

Thiel B-PER
said O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
he O
had O
also O
asked O
Olympic B-MISC
200 O
and O
400 O
champion O
Michael B-PER
Johnson I-PER
to O
run O
as O
well O
as O
Christie B-PER
. O

" O
Most O
of O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
champions O
of O
the O
past O
are O
coming O
including O
Britain B-LOC
's O
( O
1980 O
champion O
) O
Allan B-PER
Wells I-PER
. O

Christie B-PER
belongs O
to O
them O
. O

It O
would O
be O
great O
to O
have O
him O
here O
. O

" O
There O
is O
a O
good O
offer O
.... O

My O
minimum O
would O
be O
that O
he O
just O
ran O
the O
relay O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
36-year-old O
Briton B-MISC
is O
still O
considering O
the O
offer O
and O
is O
expected O
to O
announce O
his O
decision O
later O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Owens B-PER
's O
widow O
Ruth B-PER
is O
not O
well O
enough O
to O
attend O
but O
a O
message O
from O
her O
will O
be O
read O
out O
during O
the O
meeting O
and O
one O
of O
the O
sprinter O
's O
relatives O
is O
expected O
to O
attend O
. O

The O
relay O
race O
, O
which O
will O
include O
squads O
from O
Africa B-LOC
, O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
and O
Europe B-LOC
as O
well O
as O
the O
Owens B-PER
' O
quartet O
, O
will O
be O
held O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
meeting O
. O

Organisers O
had O
hoped O
to O
include O
1984 O
and O
1988 O
champion O
Carl B-PER
Lewis I-PER
in O
the O
squad O
but O
he O
injured O
himself O
in O
Brussels B-LOC
last O
Friday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
NEW O
CAPTAIN O
TENDULKAR B-PER
UPSTAGED O
BY O
120 O
FROM O
JAYASURIYA B-PER
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Sachin B-PER
Tendulkar I-PER
marked O
his O
debut O
as O
Indian B-MISC
captain O
with O
a O
patient O
110 O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
but O
was O
upstaged O
by O
dashing O
Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
opener O
Sanath B-PER
Jayasuriya I-PER
whose O
120 O
steered O
the O
world O
champions O
to O
a O
nine-wicket O
Singer B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
win O
. O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
, O
playing O
in O
front O
of O
their O
home O
crowd O
for O
the O
first O
time O
since O
winning O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
last O
March O
, O
comfortably O
passed O
India B-LOC
's O
modest O
226-5 O
from O
50 O
overs O
in O
44.2 O
overs O
. O

The O
devastating O
opening O
pair O
of O
Jayasuriya B-PER
and O
Romesh B-PER
Kaluwitharana I-PER
shared O
a O
fine O
first O
wicket O
stand O
of O
129 O
to O
the O
delight O
of O
the O
25,000 O
fans O
. O

Jayasuriya B-PER
, O
whose O
first O
50 O
included O
three O
sixes O
and O
three O
fours O
, O
went O
on O
to O
an O
unbeaten O
120 O
and O
the O
man-of-the-match O
award O
. O

Kaluwitharana B-PER
, O
slow O
in O
comparison O
, O
was O
bowled O
by O
Tendulkar B-PER
for O
53 O
, O
but O
Aravinda B-PER
de I-PER
Silva I-PER
with O
49 O
not O
out O
helped O
see O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
home O
. O

Earlier O
, O
Tendulkar B-PER
completed O
his O
ninth O
century O
in O
one-day O
cricket O
, O
taking O
138 O
balls O
to O
do O
it O
before O
being O
run O
out O
. O

The O
rest O
of O
the O
Indian B-MISC
batting O
was O
generally O
tied O
down O
by O
brilliant O
fielding O
and O
some O
fairly O
tight O
bowling O
, O
although O
ex-captain O
Mohamed B-PER
Azharuddin I-PER
chipped O
in O
with O
58 O
, O
adding O
129 O
with O
Tendulkar B-PER
off O
28 O
overs O
, O
before O
being O
stumped O
. O

The O
next O
match O
in O
the O
four-nation O
tournament O
is O
on O
Friday O
when O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
play O
Australia B-LOC
in O
a O
repeat O
of O
the O
World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
final O
in O
Lahore B-LOC
where O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
won O
by O
seven O
wickets O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
SRI B-LOC
LANKA I-LOC
BEAT O
INDIA B-LOC
BY O
9 O
WICKETS O
IN O
ONE-DAY O
MATCH O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
beat O
India B-LOC
by O
nine O
wickets O
in O
the O
second O
match O
of O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
one-day O
( O
50 O
overs O
) O
cricket O
tournament O
on O
Monday O
. O

Scores O
: O
India B-LOC
226-5 O
in O
50 O
overs O
, O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
230-1 O
in O
44.2 O
overs O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
INDIA B-LOC
V O
SRI B-LOC
LANKA I-LOC
SCOREBOARD O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Scoreboard O
of O
the O
second O
Singer B-MISC

World B-MISC
Series I-MISC
cricket O
match O
between O
India B-LOC
and O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
on O

Wednesday O
: O

India B-LOC

A. B-PER
Jadeja I-PER
run O
out O
0 O

S. B-PER
Tendulkar I-PER
run O
out O
110 O

S. B-PER
Ganguly I-PER
c O
de B-PER
Silva I-PER
b O
Dharmasena B-PER
16 O

M. B-PER
Azharuddin I-PER
st O
Kaluwitharana B-PER
b O
Jayasuriya B-PER
58 O

V. B-PER
Kambli I-PER
run O
out O
18 O

R. B-PER
Dravid I-PER
not O
out O
7 O

J. B-PER
Srinath I-PER
not O
out O
1 O

Extras O
( O
b-1 O
lb-3 O
w-9 O
nb-3 O
) O
16 O

Total O
( O
5 O
wickets O
, O
50 O
overs O
) O
226 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-4 O
2-57 O
3-186 O
4-217 O
5-217 O
. O

Did O
not O
bat O
: O
A. B-PER
Kumble I-PER
, O
N. B-PER
Mongia I-PER
, O
V. B-PER
Prasad I-PER
, O
A. B-PER
Kapoor I-PER
. O

Bowling O
: O
Vass B-PER
9-2-35-0 O
, O
Pushpakumara B-PER
6-0-23-0 O
, O
Dharmasena B-PER

10-0-59-1 O
Muralitharan B-PER
10-0-42-0 O
, O
Jayasuriya B-PER
10-1-39-1 O
, O
de B-PER
Silva I-PER

5-0-24-0 O
. O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC

S. B-PER
Jayasuriya I-PER
not O
out O
120 O

R. B-PER
Kaluwitharana I-PER
b O
Tendulkar B-PER
53 O

A.de B-PER
Silva I-PER
not O
out O
49 O

Extras O
( O
lb-3 O
nb-3 O
w-2 O
) O
8 O

Total O
( O
for O
one O
wicket O
- O
44.2 O
overs O
) O
230 O

Fall O
of O
wicket O
: O
1-129 O

Did O
not O
bat O
: O
Arjuna B-PER
Ranatunga I-PER
, O
Asanka B-PER
Gurusinha I-PER
, O
Hashan B-PER

Tillekeratne B-PER
, O
Roshan B-PER
Mahanama I-PER
, O
Kumara B-PER
Dharmasena I-PER
, O
Chaminda B-PER
Vaas I-PER
, O

Muthiah B-PER
Muralitharan I-PER
, O
Ravindra B-PER
Pushpakumara I-PER

Bowling O
: O
Kumble B-PER
10-1-40-0 O
, O
Prasad B-PER
6-0-47-0 O
, O
Srinath B-PER

8-0-33-0 O
, O
Tendulkar B-PER
6-0-29-1 O
, O
Kapoor B-PER
10-2-51-0 O
, O
Jadeja B-PER

2.2-0-13-0 O
, O
Ganguly B-PER
2-0-14-0 O

Result O
: O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
won O
by O
9 O
wickets O

Man-of-the-Match O
: O
Sanath B-PER
Jayasuriya I-PER

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
INDIA B-LOC
WIN O
TOSS O
AND O
BAT O
AGAINST O
SRI B-LOC
LANKA I-LOC
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

India B-LOC
won O
the O
toss O
and O
elected O
to O
bat O
against O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
in O
the O
second O
day-night O
limited O
overs O
cricket O
match O
of O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
tournament O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Teams O
: O

India B-LOC
- O
Sachin B-PER
Tendulkar I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Anil B-PER
Kumble I-PER
, O
Ajay B-PER
Jadeja I-PER
, O
Sourav B-PER
Ganguly I-PER
, O
Mohamed B-PER
Azharuddin I-PER
, O
Vinod B-PER
Kambli I-PER
, O
Rahul B-PER
Dravid I-PER
, O
Nayan B-PER
Mongia I-PER
, O
Javagal B-PER
Srinath I-PER
, O
Venkatesh B-PER
Prasad I-PER
, O
Ashish B-PER
Kapoor I-PER
. O

Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
- O
Arjuna B-PER
Ranatunga I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Sanath B-PER
Jayasuriya I-PER
, O
Romesh B-PER
Kaluwitharana I-PER
, O
Asanka B-PER
Gurusinha I-PER
, O
Aravinda B-PER
de I-PER
Silva I-PER
, O
Hashan B-PER
Tillekeratne I-PER
, O
Roshan B-PER
Mahanama I-PER
, O
Kumara B-PER
Dharmasena I-PER
, O
Chaminda B-PER
Vaas I-PER
, O
Muthiah B-PER
Muralitharan I-PER
, O
Ravindra B-PER
Pushpakumara I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
ANGOLA B-LOC
- O
AUG O
28 O
. O

LUANDA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

These O
are O
the O
leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Angolan B-MISC
press O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

JORNAL B-ORG
DE I-ORG
ANGOLA I-ORG

- O
Princeton B-PER
Lyman I-PER
, O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
Under-Secretary O
of O
State O
for O
International O
Organisations O
, O
will O
on O
Wednesday O
continue O
his O
work O
in O
Angola B-LOC
visiting O
Bailundo B-LOC
, O
where O
he O
should O
be O
received O
by O
Jonas B-PER
Savimbi I-PER
, O
leader O
of O
Unita B-ORG
. O

On O
Tuesday O
Lyman B-PER
participated O
in O
a O
meeting O
of O
a O
joint-commission O
where O
he O
considered O
that O
the O
Angolan B-MISC
politicians O
should O
advance O
faster O
and O
find O
a O
way O
to O
cooperate O
. O

In O
his O
opinion O
the O
quartering O
of O
Unita B-ORG
forces O
must O
be O
concluded O
in O
all O
the O
Angolan B-MISC
territory O
and O
the O
troops O
must O
be O
selected O
and O
integrated O
in O
the O
armed O
forces O
, O
the O
government O
forces O
must O
be O
concentrated O
in O
the O
principal O
units O
and O
the O
free O
circulation O
of O
people O
and O
goods O
must O
be O
reality O
in O
all O
the O
country O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

S.AFRICAN B-MISC
TRUTH O
BODY O
TO O
SUMMON O
APARTHEID O
POLICE O
. O

CAPE B-LOC
TOWN I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
's O
Truth B-ORG
and I-ORG
Reconciliation I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
it O
would O
subpoena O
persons O
accused O
of O
human O
rights O
violations O
to O
appear O
before O
it O
. O

" O
We O
can O
subpoena O
anyone O
we O
want O
to O
, O
even O
the O
president O
of O
the O
country O
, O
" O
spokesman O
John B-PER
Allen I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O
" O

Subpoenas O
are O
due O
to O
be O
served O
on O
a O
number O
of O
people O
this O
week O
. O
" O

Media O
reports O
have O
speculated O
that O
the O
commission O
, O
which O
is O
trying O
to O
heal O
the O
wounds O
of O
apartheid O
by O
confronting O
the O
past O
, O
could O
subpoena O
apartheid-era O
President O
P.W. B-PER
Botha I-PER
and O
former O
police O
generals O
Basie B-PER
Smit I-PER
and O
Johan B-PER
Van I-PER
Der I-PER
Merwe I-PER
. O

In O
submissions O
last O
week O
to O
the O
commission O
National B-ORG
Party I-ORG
leader O
and O
former O
president O
F.W. B-PER
De I-PER
Klerk I-PER
said O
he O
had O
received O
no O
co-operation O
from O
Botha B-PER
in O
compiling O
his O
party O
's O
report O
. O

Since O
it O
began O
work O
in O
April O
the O
commission O
has O
been O
hearing O
harrowing O
tales O
from O
the O
victims O
of O
apartheid-era O
abuses O
, O
by O
both O
the O
white O
minority O
regime O
and O
its O
opponents O
. O

It O
also O
wants O
to O
hear O
from O
those O
who O
committed O
the O
abuses O
, O
to O
whom O
it O
can O
offer O
amnesty O
in O
return O
for O
frankness O
. O

Hopes O
that O
reformed O
perpetrators O
would O
come O
forward O
voluntarily O
have O
faded O
but O
the O
commission O
has O
the O
legal O
power O
to O
force O
them O
to O
appear O
. O

Allen B-PER
declined O
to O
give O
say O
who O
would O
be O
subpoenaed O
. O

" O
At O
the O
moment O
we O
have O
a O
preliminary O
list O
of O
less O
than O
10 O
people O
, O
but O
this O
is O
just O
the O
beginning O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
commission O
was O
set O
up O
last O
year O
to O
probe O
30 O
years O
of O
human-rights O
violations O
during O
the O
apartheid O
era O
. O

It O
is O
chaired O
by O
Nobel B-MISC
Peace I-MISC
winner O
, O
retired O
Archbishop O
Desmond B-PER
Tutu I-PER
. O

Allen B-PER
said O
the O
commission O
could O
announce O
the O
names O
of O
subpoenaed O
persons O
on O
Monday O
next O
week O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

TURKISH B-MISC
AIRPLANE O
LANDS O
IN O
SOFIA B-LOC
ON O
BOMB O
THREAT O
. O

SOFIA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
Turkish B-MISC
airliner O
on O
flight O
from O
Istanbul B-LOC
to O
Vienna B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
landed O
in O
emergency O
at O
Sofia B-LOC
airport O
after O
receiving O
a O
bomb O
threat O
, O
said O
an O
airport O
official O
. O

" O
The O
plane O
landed O
at O
Sofia B-LOC
airport O
at O
1503 O
( O
1203 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
after O
receiving O
a O
signal O
that O
there O
is O
an O
explosive O
on O
board O
, O
" O
the O
official O
, O
who O
declined O
to O
be O
named O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

The O
plane O
, O
surrounded O
by O
11 O
fire-engines O
, O
is O
being O
checked O
for O
explosives O
at O
the O
moment O
. O

Nothing O
has O
been O
found O
so O
far O
, O
added O
the O
official O
. O

In O
March O
a O
Turkish B-MISC
Cypriot I-MISC
airliner O
hijacked O
while O
on O
a O
flight O
from O
northern O
Cyprus B-LOC
to O
Istanbul B-LOC
landed O
in O
Sofia B-LOC
airport O
to O
refuel O
before O
landing O
in O
Munich B-LOC
, O
where O
the O
hijacker O
was O
arrested O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Arch B-ORG
Alberta B-LOC
well O
tests O
1,100 O
bbl O
/ O
day O
. O

FORT B-LOC
WORTH I-LOC
, O
Texas B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Arch B-ORG
Petroleum I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
Wednesday O
an O
exploratory O
well O
in O
Alberta B-LOC
's O
Morinville B-LOC
area O
tested O
in O
excess O
of O
1,100 O
barrels O
daily O
and O
will O
begin O
production O
immediately O
. O

The O
company O
said O
the O
90 O
percent O
owned O
Trax B-MISC
et I-MISC
al I-MISC
Morinville I-MISC
10-23 I-MISC
logged O
28 O
feet O
of O
productive O
Leduc B-LOC
Reef I-LOC
at O
5,350 O
feet O
. O

Reserve O
estimates O
from O
this O
well O
are O
at O
250,000 O
gross O
barrels O
of O
oil O
. O

The O
Trax B-LOC
well O
is O
one O
of O
the O
prospects O
developed O
by O
Arch B-ORG
through O
its O
early O
1996 O
purchase O
of O
Trax B-ORG
Petroleums I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
, O
the O
company O
said O
. O

It O
said O
another O
, O
the O
Cometra B-MISC
et I-MISC
al I-MISC
Morinville I-MISC
11-13 I-MISC
, O
has O
logged O
128 O
feet O
of O
productive O
Leduc B-LOC
Reef I-LOC
at O
5,400 O
feet O
and O
is O
flowing O
water O
free O
at O
the O
rate O
of O
590 O
barrels O
of O
oil O
per O
day O
on O
a O
15 O
/ O
64ths-inch O
choke O
. O

Arch B-ORG
owns O
a O
16 O
percent O
working O
interest O
in O
this O
well O
with O
most O
of O
the O
rest O
held O
by O
the O
privately O
owned O
operator O
. O

Arch B-ORG
said O
full O
production O
has O
begun O
and O
initial O
estimates O
of O
gross O
reserves O
attributable O
to O
this O
well O
range O
up O
to O
one O
million O
barrels O
of O
oil O
. O

A O
third O
well O
drilled O
in O
this O
area O
, O
the O
Trax B-MISC
et I-MISC
al I-MISC
Morinville I-MISC
2-25 I-MISC
, O
encountered O
the O
Leduc B-LOC
Reef I-LOC
but O
tested O
wet O
. O

At O
the O
company O
's O
Nordegg B-MISC
prospect O
, O
the O
Apache B-MISC
et I-MISC
al I-MISC
Saunders I-MISC
14-28 I-MISC
, O
has O
reached O
total O
depth O
in O
the O
Leduc B-LOC
Reef I-LOC
at O
approximately O
3,800 O
feet O
and O
has O
been O
abandoned O
, O
Arch B-ORG
said O
. O

It O
said O
this O
acreage O
earning O
well O
brought O
an O
interest O
in O
an O
additional O
5,120 O
acres O
, O
building O
the O
company O
's O
gross O
land O
position O
in O
this O
area O
to O
8,320 O
acres O
. O

At O
the O
Butte B-MISC
prospect O
, O
the O
Garrington B-MISC
4-8 I-MISC
has O
reached O
total O
depth O
of O
11,500 O
and O
has O
logged O
278 O
feet O
of O
Leduc B-LOC
Reef I-LOC
. O

Testing O
has O
begun O
and O
results O
will O
be O
announced O
within O
the O
next O
several O
days O
, O
Arch B-ORG
said O
. O

Including O
the O
costs O
of O
the O
two O
abandoned O
wells O
, O
the O
company O
said O
, O
these O
first O
prospects O
have O
added O
to O
reserves O
at O
a O
finding O
cost O
of O
about O
U.S. B-LOC
$ O
2 O
per O
barrel O
of O
oil O
equivalent O
. O

-- O
Jim B-PER
Brumm I-PER
212-859-1710 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
judge O
orders O
Biogen B-ORG
, O
Berlex B-ORG
officials O
deposed O
. O

Leslie B-PER
Gevirtz I-PER

BOSTON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

In O
order O
to O
help O
him O
decide O
whether O
he O
should O
hear O
the O
case O
, O
a O
U.S. B-ORG
District I-ORG
Court I-ORG
judge O
Wednesday O
ordered O
the O
legal O
counsels O
of O
Biogen B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
and O
Berlex B-ORG
Laboratories I-ORG
, O
a O
subsidiary O
of O
Schering B-ORG
AG I-ORG
, O
deposed O
. O

The O
tempest O
beyond O
the O
test O
tube O
involves O
allegations O
that O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Food I-ORG
and I-ORG
Drug I-ORG
Administration I-ORG
violated O
the O
Orphan B-MISC
Drug I-MISC
law I-MISC
by O
allowing O
Biogen B-ORG
the O
right O
to O
sell O
its O
multiple O
sclerosis O
drug O
Avonex B-MISC
. O

Berlex B-ORG
also O
charges O
that O
Avonex B-MISC
is O
so O
similar O
to O
its O
MS O
drug O
, O
Betaseron B-MISC
, O
that O
it O
is O
a O
patent O
infringement O
. O

Both O
drugs O
are O
types O
of O
interferon O
. O

One O
analyst O
said O
sales O
of O
Avonex B-MISC
had O
already O
cut O
into O
Betaseron B-MISC
market O
share O
. O

BioVest B-ORG
Research I-ORG
, I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
's O
analyst O
Eddie B-PER
Hedaya I-PER
said O
, O
" O
Berlex B-ORG
sales O
are O
losing O
share O
like O
mad O
... O

my O
understanding O
of O
the O
marketplace O
is O
that O
they O
're O
below O
expectations O
. O
" O

He O
added O
Chiron B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
reported O
its O
sales O
of O
inventory O
to O
Berlex B-ORG
was O
down O
. O

Chiron B-ORG
makes O
Betaseron B-MISC
; O
Berlex B-ORG
markets O
it O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Biogen B-ORG
, O
in O
its O
Securities B-ORG
and I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
quarterly O
report O
for O
the O
period O
ending O
June O
30 O
, O
said O
it O
had O
earned O
$ O
6.1 O
million O
from O
Avonex B-MISC
sales O
during O
the O
drugs O
first O
six O
weeks O
on O
the O
market O
. O

When O
it O
approved O
Avonex B-MISC
in O
May O
, O
the O
FDA B-ORG
said O
both O
Biogen B-ORG
's O
product O
and O
Betaseron B-MISC
were O
developed O
under O
the O
incentives O
of O
the O
Ophran B-MISC
Drug I-MISC
Act I-MISC
which O
provides O
seven O
years O
of O
marketing O
exclusivity O
for O
products O
that O
treat O
rare O
diseases O
. O

Avonex B-MISC
" O
has O
been O
allowed O
to O
enter O
the O
market O
because O
it O
differs O
from O
interferon O
beta-1b O
( O
Betaseron B-MISC
) O
.. O

. O
" O

the O
FDA B-ORG
said O
. O

Now O
, O
U.S. B-LOC
District O
Judge O
Mark B-PER
Wolf I-PER
has O
ordered O
the O
chief O
counsel O
for O
Biogen B-ORG
, O
Michael B-PER
Astrue I-PER
, O
and O
Robert B-PER
Chabora I-PER
, O
his O
counterpart O
at O
Berlex B-ORG
be O
deposed O
about O
a O
May O
21 O
meeting O
the O
two O
men O
attended O
to O
help O
him O
determine O
whether O
the O
lawsuit O
filed O
by O
Biogen B-ORG
against O
Berlex B-ORG
should O
be O
heard O
in O
Massachusetts B-LOC
. O

Berlex B-ORG
filed O
a O
lawsuit O
against O
Biogen B-ORG
in O
U.S. B-ORG
District I-ORG
Court I-ORG
in O
Newark B-LOC
, O
N.J. B-LOC
in O
July O
, O
but O
Biogen B-ORG
had O
already O
filed O
a O
suit O
against O
Berlex B-ORG
in O
Massachusetts B-LOC
in O
May O
. O

Wolf B-PER
ordered O
the O
depositions O
to O
determine O
if O
he O
or O
U.S. B-LOC
District O
Judge O
John B-PER
Bissell I-PER
of O
Newark B-LOC
should O
preside O
over O
the O
case O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-ORG
Treasury I-ORG
balances O
at O
Fed B-ORG
rose O
on O
Aug O
27 O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

U.S. B-ORG
Treasury I-ORG
balances O
at O
Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
based O
on O
Treasury B-ORG
Department I-ORG
's O
latest O
budget O
statement O
. O

( O
BILLIONS O
OF O
DLRS O
) O

Aug O
27 O
Aug O
26 O

Fed B-ORG
acct O
5.208 O
4.425 O

Tax O
/ O
loan O
note O
acct O
14.828 O
15.687 O

Cash O
balance O
20.036 O
20.112 O

--- O

Total O
public O
debt O
, O

subject O
to O
limit O
5,124.053 O
5,122.084 O

-DOCSTART- O

COMEX B-ORG
copper O
ends O
higher O
after O
late O
recovery O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

COMEX B-ORG
copper O
ended O
higher O
after O
a O
late O
, O
modest O
recovery O
dragged O
the O
market O
from O
the O
lows O
, O
but O
traders O
shrugged-off O
an O
imminent O
strike O
at O
Codelco B-ORG
's O
Salvador B-LOC
mine O
in O
Chile B-LOC
. O

The O
market O
was O
also O
waiting O
for O
Friday O
's O
LME B-ORG
stock O
report O
which O
will O
include O
figures O
delayed O
from O
Tuesday O
because O
of O
the O
U.K. B-LOC
public O
holiday O
on O
Monday O
when O
the O
LME B-ORG
was O
closed O
. O

" O
We O
are O
in O
the O
late O
stages O
of O
the O
weaker O
period O
of O
the O
market O
, O
and O
as O
we O
get O
to O
the O
post O
Labor B-MISC
Day I-MISC
market O
we O
will O
start O
to O
see O
more O
consumer O
interest O
and O
the O
demand O
side O
of O
the O
market O
will O
start O
to O
firm O
prices O
up O
, O
" O
said O
William B-PER
O'Neill I-PER
of O
Merrill B-ORG
Lynch I-ORG
. O

December O
COMEX B-ORG
settled O
0.35 O
cent O
higher O
at O
90.20 O
cents O
, O
traded O
90.50 O
to O
89.40 O
cents O
. O

September O
went O
out O
0.05 O
cent O
lower O
at O
91.05 O
. O

The O
August O
contract O
expired O
at O
0.85 O
cent O
down O
at O
90.85 O
cents O
. O

Volume O
was O
estimated O
at O
8,000 O
lots O
. O

Workers O
at O
Salvador B-LOC
voted O
to O
strike O
from O
Saturday O
, O
and O
it O
was O
not O
clear O
when O
further O
talks O
between O
the O
unions O
and O
management O
would O
take O
place O
. O

" O
Salvador B-LOC
is O
a O
small O
facility O
, O
and O
the O
prospects O
are O
that O
if O
there O
will O
be O
a O
strike O
, O
it O
will O
not O
be O
a O
long O
strike O
, O
" O
O'Neill B-PER
said O
. O

-- O
Huw B-PER
Jones I-PER
, O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
212-859-1646 O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
copper O
service O
center O
shipments O
stable O
- O
CBSA B-ORG
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Average O
daily O
shipments O
from O
U.S. B-LOC
copper O
service O
centers O
in O
July O
fell O
three O
percent O
from O
the O
previous O
month O
, O
but O
were O
higher O
than O
in O
July O
1995 O
, O
the O
Copper B-ORG
and I-ORG
Brass I-ORG
Servicenter I-ORG
Association I-ORG
reported O
. O

" O
July O
was O
still O
above O
the O
historic O
average O
for O
that O
month O
, O
" O
the O
CBSA B-ORG
said O
. O

In O
the O
first O
seven O
months O
of O
1996 O
, O
shipments O
of O
copper O
sheet O
, O
coil O
and O
strip O
were O
2.2 O
percent O
ahead O
of O
the O
same O
period O
last O
year O
. O

Alloy O
shipments O
, O
however O
, O
were O
7.5 O
percent O
down O
. O

" O
Several O
service O
centers O
indicated O
that O
while O
their O
volume O
of O
orders O
remains O
constant O
, O
the O
size-per-order O
continues O
to O
be O
smaller O
than O
what O
was O
realised O
during O
the O
first O
five O
months O
of O
the O
year O
, O
" O
the O
CBSA B-ORG
said O
. O

Service O
centers O
continued O
to O
lower O
their O
inventories O
in O
July O
when O
total O
copper O
stocks O
were O
off O
two O
percent O
and O
alloy O
products O
down O
1.9 O
percent O
. O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
212-859-1646 O

-DOCSTART- O

Harleysville B-ORG
Group I-ORG
ups O
qrtly O
dividenD O
. O

HARLEYSVILLE B-LOC
, O
Pa B-LOC
. O

1996-08-28 O

Quarterly O

Latest O
Prior O

Amount O
$ O
0.21 O
$ O
0.19 O

Pay O
Sept O
30 O

Record O
Sept O
16 O

-DOCSTART- O

Chile B-LOC
's O
ENAP B-ORG
buys O
Oriente B-ORG
, O
Escravos B-ORG
crude O
for O
Oct O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Chile B-LOC
's O
state O
oil O
company O
Empresa B-ORG
Nacional I-ORG
del I-ORG
Petroleo I-ORG
( O
ENAP B-ORG
) O
bought O
a O
second O
spot O
cargo O
of O
Oriente B-ORG
and O
nearly O
one O
million O
barrels O
of O
Escravos B-ORG
in O
a O
recent O
tender O
, O
traders O
said O
Wednesday O
. O

A O
400,000 O
barrel O
cargo O
of O
Ecuadorian B-ORG
Oriente I-ORG
and O
960,000 O
barrels O
of O
Nigerian B-MISC
Escravos B-ORG
was O
awarded O
in O
a O
tender O
for O
Oct O
15-18 O
late O
last O
week O
, O
but O
price O
information O
remains O
vague O
. O

" O
The O
Oriente B-ORG
will O
be O
supplied O
by O
the O
same O
seller O
at O
a O
small O
premium O
to O
formula O
, O
" O
a O
trade O
source O
said O
, O
referring O
to O
the O
first O
October O
cargo O
sold O
two O
weeks O
ago O
at O
Petroecuador B-ORG
's O
sale O
formula O
plus O
five O
cents O
fob O
. O

Escravos B-ORG
was O
sold O
on O
a O
Dated B-MISC
Brent I-MISC
related O
basis O
, O
with O
premiums O
for O
the O
light O
grade O
seen O
in O
the O
low O
50-cent O
range O
. O

The O
next O
purchase O
tender O
from O
ENAP B-ORG
is O
expected O
for O
late O
October O
or O
early O
November O
crude O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

-- O
Jacqueline B-PER
Wong I-PER
, O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Energy I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
+1 O
212 O
859 O
1620 O

-DOCSTART- O

Reuters B-ORG
historical O
calendar O
- O
September O
4 O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Following O
are O
some O
of O
the O
major O
events O
to O
have O
occurred O
on O
September O
4 O
in O
history O
. O

1241 O
- O
Alexander B-PER
III I-PER
, O
King O
of O
Scotland B-LOC
, O
born O
. O

King O
from O
1249-1286 O
, O
he O
consolidated O
royal O
power O
, O
leaving O
Scotland B-LOC
united O
and O
independent O
. O

1260 O
- O
The O
Ghibellines B-MISC
retook O
the O
city O
of O
Florence B-LOC
from O
the O
Florentine B-LOC
Guelfs I-LOC
at O
the O
battle O
of O
Monte B-LOC
Aperto I-LOC
. O

1768 O
- O
Francois-Rene B-PER
( I-PER
Vicomte I-PER
de I-PER
) I-PER
Chateaubriand I-PER
born O
. O

He O
was O
a O
politician O
, O
one O
of O
the O
first O
French B-MISC
romantic O
writers O
and O
ambassador O
to O
the O
British B-MISC
court O
. O

He O
wrote O
" O
Rene B-MISC
" O
, O
a O
seminal O
work O
in O
the O
French B-MISC
romantic O
movement O
and O
a O
famous O
autobiography O
" O
Memoires B-MISC
d'Outre I-MISC
Tombe I-MISC
" O
. O

1781 O
- O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
was O
founded O
by O
Spanish B-MISC
settlers O
and O
named O
" O
El B-LOC
Pueblo I-LOC
de I-LOC
Nuestra I-LOC
Senora I-LOC
La I-LOC
Reina I-LOC
de I-LOC
Los I-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
" O
( O
The B-LOC
Town I-LOC
of I-LOC
Our I-LOC
Lady I-LOC
the I-LOC
Queen I-LOC
of I-LOC
the I-LOC
Angels I-LOC
) O
. O

1824 O
- O
Anton B-PER
Bruckner I-PER
born O
. O

Austrian B-MISC
composer O
and O
organist O
, O
he O
wrote O
nine O
symphonies O
on O
a O
huge O
scale O
and O
three O
grand O
masses O
in O
the O
romantic O
tradition O
. O

1870 O
- O
In O
France B-LOC
, O
the O
Second B-MISC
Empire I-MISC
was O
ended O
and O
Napoleon B-PER
III I-PER
was O
deposed O
after O
his O
surrender O
two O
days O
earlier O
in O
the O
Franco-Prussian B-MISC
war O
. O

1886 O
- O
At O
Skeleton B-LOC
Canyon I-LOC
in O
Arizona B-LOC
, O
Geronimo B-PER
, O
Apache O
chief O
and O
leader O
of O
the O
last O
great O
Red B-MISC
Indian I-MISC
rebellion O
finally O
surrendered O
to O
General O
Nelson B-PER
Miles I-PER
. O

1892 O
- O
Prolific O
French B-MISC
modernist O
composer O
Darius B-PER
Milhaud I-PER
born O
. O

He O
wrote O
a O
jazz O
ballet O
" O
La B-MISC
Creation I-MISC
du I-MISC
Monde I-MISC
" O
and O
scores O
for O
many O
films O
including O
an O
early O
version O
of O
" O
Madame B-MISC
Bovary I-MISC
" O
. O

1906 O
- O
German-born O
U.S. B-LOC
biologist O
Max B-PER
Delbruck I-PER
born O
. O

Winner O
of O
the O
1969 O
Nobel B-MISC
Prize I-MISC
for O
physiology O
or O
medicine O
for O
work O
on O
the O
genetic O
structure O
of O
viruses O
that O
infect O
bacteria O
. O

1907 O
- O
Edvard B-PER
Grieg I-PER
, O
Norwegian B-MISC
composer O
best O
known O
for O
his O
" O
Peer B-MISC
Gynt I-MISC
Suite I-MISC
" O
and O
his O
Piano O
Concerto O
, O
died O
in O
Bergen B-LOC
. O

1908 O
- O
U.S. B-LOC
film O
director O
Edward B-PER
Dmytryk I-PER
born O
. O

Best O
known O
for O
his O
films O
" O
Crossfire B-MISC
" O
- O
one O
of O
Hollywood B-LOC
's O
first O
attempts O
to O
deal O
with O
racial O
discrimination O
and O
" O
Farewell B-MISC
My I-MISC
lovely I-MISC
" O
. O

1909 O
- O
The O
world O
's O
first O
Boy B-MISC
Scout I-MISC
Rally I-MISC
was O
held O
at O
Crystal B-ORG
Palace I-ORG
near O
London B-LOC
. O

1944 O
- O
Brussels B-LOC
and O
Antwerp B-LOC
in O
Belgium B-LOC
were O
liberated O
by O
British B-MISC
and O
Canadian B-MISC
troops O
in O
World B-MISC
War I-MISC
Two I-MISC
. O

1948 O
- O
Wilhelmina B-PER
, O
Queen O
of O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
from O
1890 O
and O
throughout O
World B-MISC
Wars I-MISC
One I-MISC
and O
Two B-MISC
abdicated O
in O
favour O
of O
her O
daughter O
Juliana B-PER
. O

1963 O
- O
Robert B-PER
Schuman I-PER
, O
French B-MISC
statesman O
, O
Prime O
Minister O
1947-48 O
and O
Foreign O
Minister O
1948-52 O
, O
died O
. O

He O
was O
responsible O
for O
the O
establishment O
of O
the O
European B-ORG
Coal I-ORG
and I-ORG
Steel I-ORG
Community I-ORG
. O

1964 O
- O
The O
Forth B-LOC
Road I-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
in O
Scotland B-LOC
, O
measuring O
6156 O
ft O
, O
and O
with O
a O
centre O
span O
of O
3300 O
ft O
, O
was O
opened O
by O
Her O
Majesty O
the O
Queen O
. O

1965 O
- O
Albert B-PER
Schweitzer I-PER
, O
theologian O
, O
philosopher O
and O
organist O
died O
in O
Gabon B-LOC
where O
he O
had O
set O
up O
a O
hospital O
in O
1913 O
. O

Acclaimed O
for O
his O
interpretations O
of O
J.S. B-PER
Bach I-PER
's O
works O
, O
he O
also O
won O
the O
Nobel B-MISC
Peace I-MISC
Prize I-MISC
for O
his O
efforts O
on O
behalf O
of O
the O
" O
Brotherhood B-ORG
of I-ORG
Nations I-ORG
" O
in O
1952 O
. O

1972 O
- O
At O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
Games I-MISC
, O
U.S. B-LOC
swimmer O
Mark B-PER
Spitz I-PER
won O
his O
seventh O
gold O
medal O
, O
a O
record O
for O
a O
single O
Olympiad B-MISC
. O

1974 O
- O
East B-LOC
Germany I-LOC
and O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
established O
formal O
diplomatic O
relations O
for O
the O
first O
time O
. O

1977 O
- O
E.F. B-PER
( I-PER
Fritz I-PER
) I-PER
Schumacher I-PER
, O
economic O
guru O
and O
author O
of O
the O
best O
seller O
" O
Small B-MISC
is I-MISC
Beautiful I-MISC
" O
, O
died O
on O
his O
way O
to O
a O
conference O
in O
Switzerland B-LOC
. O

1989 O
- O
Georges B-PER
Simenon I-PER
, O
writer O
of O
84 O
books O
based O
on O
the O
detective O
character O
Inspector B-PER
Maigret I-PER
, O
died O
. O

1992 O
- O
Bulgaria B-LOC
's O
former O
Communist B-MISC
leader O
Todor B-PER
Zhivkov I-PER
, O
deposed O
in O
1989 O
, O
was O
sentenced O
to O
seven O
years O
in O
prison O
after O
being O
found O
guilty O
of O
embezzling O
state O
funds O
. O

1995 O
- O
Declaring O
" O
united O
Jerusalem B-LOC
is O
ours O
" O
, O
Israel B-LOC
launched O
a O
15-month O
celebration O
of O
the O
3,000th O
anniversary O
of O
King O
David B-PER
's O
proclamation O
of O
the O
city O
as O
the O
capital O
of O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
people O
. O

1995 O
- O
The O
Fourth B-MISC
World I-MISC
Conference I-MISC
on I-MISC
Women I-MISC
, O
the O
biggest O
U.N. B-ORG
gathering O
in O
history O
, O
began O
in O
China B-LOC
's O
Great B-LOC
Hall I-LOC
of I-LOC
the I-LOC
People I-LOC
with O
a O
U.N. B-ORG
declaration O
that O
sexual O
equality O
was O
the O
last O
great O
project O
of O
the O
20th O
century O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

UK B-LOC
lowers O
noise O
limits O
for O
three O
London B-LOC
airports O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
British B-MISC
government O
on O
Wednesday O
lowered O
the O
noise O
limits O
for O
London B-LOC
's O
Heathrow B-LOC
, O
Gatwick B-LOC
and O
Stansted B-LOC
airports O
and O
announced O
it O
would O
make O
a O
bigger O
effort O
in O
detecting O
and O
fining O
violators O
. O

The O
limits O
, O
effective O
from O
January O
1 O
, O
1997 O
, O
are O
reduced O
as O
much O
as O
possible O
while O
still O
complying O
with O
international O
obligations O
, O
a O
spokesman O
for O
the O
Department B-ORG
of I-ORG
Transport I-ORG
said O
. O

The O
maximum O
noise O
level O
during O
the O
day O
is O
trimmed O
by O
three O
decibels O
to O
94 O
, O
while O
the O
night O
time O
level O
is O
reduced O
by O
two O
decibels O
to O
87 O
. O

" O
It O
is O
a O
smaller O
reduction O
in O
terms O
of O
loudness O
than O
was O
sought O
by O
local O
people O
. O

Nevertheless O
I O
am O
satisfied O
that O
the O
overall O
benefits O
will O
be O
worthwile O
, O
" O
Lord O
Goschen B-PER
, O
minister O
for O
aviation O
, O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
ministry O
said O
it O
believed O
the O
new O
limits O
could O
be O
met O
with O
existing O
aircraft O
. O
" O

They O
can O
be O
flown O
in O
quieter O
ways O
, O
" O
a O
spokesman O
said O
. O

The O
reduction O
in O
noise O
levels O
is O
the O
same O
as O
proposed O
in O
a O
consultation O
paper O
which O
was O
published O
in O
October O
1995 O
. O

The O
present O
noise O
levels O
have O
applied O
at O
Heathrow B-LOC
, O
one O
of O
the O
world O
's O
busiest O
airports O
, O
since O
1959 O
and O
at O
Gatwick B-LOC
since O
1968 O
. O

The O
number O
of O
monitors O
will O
be O
increased O
and O
some O
will O
be O
repositioned O
to O
detect O
noisy O
planes O
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7717 O

-DOCSTART- O

Tennis O
- O
Philippoussis B-PER
beats O
Woodforde B-PER
in O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Mark B-PER
Philippoussis I-PER
beat O
fellow O
Australian B-MISC
Mark B-PER
Woodforde I-PER
6-7 O
( O
6-8 O
) O
6-3 O
6-3 O
6-3 O
in O
a O
men O
's O
singles O
first O
round O
match O
at O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Tuesday O
. O

The O
two O
Davis B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
team-mates O
were O
pitted O
against O
each O
other O
after O
last O
week O
's O
controversial O
redraw O
of O
the O
men O
's O
singles O
competition O
. O

Philippoussis B-PER
is O
on O
course O
for O
a O
third O
round O
meeting O
with O
world O
number O
one O
Pete B-PER
Sampras I-PER
of O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
whom O
he O
beat O
at O
the O
Australian B-MISC
Open I-MISC
last O
January O
. O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

Rugby O
union-England B-MISC
given O
final O
chance O
to O
stay O
in O
Five B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

England B-LOC
have O
been O
given O
a O
final O
chance O
to O
remain O
in O
the O
Five B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
' O
championship O
despite O
striking O
an O
exclusive O
television O
deal O
with O
Rupert B-PER
Murdoch I-PER
's O
Sky B-ORG
television O
. O

In O
a O
statement O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
the O
Four B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
TV I-ORG
Committee I-ORG
said O
dates O
had O
been O
set O
for O
a O
competition O
involving O
Scotland B-LOC
, O
Wales B-LOC
, O
Ireland B-LOC
and O
France B-LOC
next O
year O
. O

" O
Between O
now O
and O
then O
, O
discussions O
will O
take O
place O
in O
one O
final O
attempt O
to O
persuade O
the O
Rugby B-ORG
Football I-ORG
Union I-ORG
to O
save O
the O
Five B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
' O
championship O
in O
its O
current O
form O
, O
" O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

No O
further O
details O
were O
immediately O
available O
. O

England B-LOC
infuriated O
their O
championship O
colleagues O
when O
they O
decided O
to O
sign O
a O
87.5 O
million O
pounds O
sterling O
( O
$ O
135.8 O
million O
) O
deal O
giving O
Sky B-ORG
television O
exclusive O
rights O
to O
rugby O
union O
matches O
in O
England B-LOC
. O

The O
present O
contract O
with O
the O
British B-ORG
Broadcasting I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG
was O
shared O
between O
the O
four O
home O
nations O
while O
France B-LOC
have O
their O
own O
television O
deal O
. O

Last O
month O
Five B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
' O
committee O
chairman O
Tom B-PER
Kiernan I-PER
said O
England B-LOC
would O
be O
thrown O
out O
of O
the O
competition O
" O
unless O
circumstances O
change O
in O
the O
near O
future O
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Cricket O
- O
NZ B-LOC
face O
tough O
schedule O
at O
home O
and O
abroad O
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

World B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
cricket O
champions O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
will O
play O
two O
tests O
and O
three O
one-day O
internationals O
in O
a O
tour O
of O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
next O
March O
, O
officials O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
Cricket O
said O
the O
Sri B-MISC
Lankans I-MISC
would O
play O
tests O
in O
Hamilton B-LOC
and O
Wellington B-LOC
and O
one-dayers O
in O
Auckland B-LOC
, O
Christchurch B-LOC
and O
Dunedin B-LOC
, O
following O
hard O
on O
the O
heels O
of O
a O
tour O
by O
England B-LOC
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
will O
also O
line O
up O
against O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
this O
November O
in O
a O
one-day O
champions O
trophy O
competition O
in O
Sharjah B-LOC
. O

The O
team O
will O
go O
one O
to O
tour O
Pakistan B-LOC
, O
playing O
two O
tests O
and O
three O
one-day O
internationals O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Soccer O
- O
Burundi B-LOC
disqualification O
from O
African B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
confirmed O
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
African B-LOC
Football I-LOC
Confederation I-LOC
( O
CAF B-ORG
) O
on O
Wednesday O
formally O
confirmed O
Burundi B-LOC
's O
disqualification O
from O
the O
African B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
following O
the O
team O
's O
inability O
to O
travel O
for O
a O
qualifier O
against O
Central B-LOC
African I-LOC
Republic I-LOC
. O

The O
Burundi B-LOC
team O
were O
unable O
to O
leave O
their O
troubled O
country O
for O
a O
preliminary O
round O
first O
leg O
match O
in O
Bangui B-LOC
earlier O
this O
month O
because O
of O
an O
air O
ban O
imposed O
in O
a O
recent O
set O
of O
internationally-sponsored O
sanctions O
. O

The O
Central B-LOC
African I-LOC
Republic I-LOC
qualified O
on O
a O
walkover O
to O
play O
in O
group O
four O
with O
Guinea B-LOC
, O
Sierra B-LOC
Leone I-LOC
and O
Tunisia B-LOC
. O

" O
After O
examining O
the O
dossier O
of O
the O
Burundi-Central B-MISC
Africa I-MISC
match O
, O
we O
decided O
... O

to O
disqualify O
the O
national O
team O
of O
Burundi B-LOC
from O
the O
21st B-MISC
African I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
of I-MISC
Nations I-MISC
... O

as O
a O
result O
of O
the O
absence O
of O
this O
team O
from O
the O
match O
, O
" O
CAF B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Cricket O
- O
India B-LOC
226-5 O
in O
50 O
overs O
v O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

India B-LOC
scored O
226 O
for O
five O
wickets O
in O
their O
50 O
overs O
against O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
in O
the O
second O
day-night O
limited O
overs O
match O
of O
the O
Singer B-MISC
World I-MISC
Series I-MISC
tournament O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Canada B-LOC
fast-tracks O
Chinese B-MISC
asylum-seekers O
- O
report O
. O

VANCOUVER B-LOC
, O
British B-LOC
Columbia I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Canada B-LOC
is O
fast-tracking O
immigration O
applications O
from O
Chinese B-MISC
dissidents O
in O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
before O
the O
British B-MISC
colony O
reverts O
to O
China B-LOC
's O
control O
next O
year O
, O
the O
Vancouver B-ORG
Sun I-ORG
reported O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
applications O
are O
being O
" O
fast-tracked O
in O
the O
sense O
that O
we O
are O
processing O
them O
and O
the O
ones O
who O
have O
been O
referred O
to O
us O
have O
been O
interviewed O
, O
" O
the O
newspaper O
quoted O
Garrett B-PER
Lambert I-PER
, O
Canada B-LOC
's O
high O
commissioner O
in O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
, O
as O
saying O
. O

" O
A O
small O
number O
already O
have O
preliminary O
indications O
as O
to O
what O
the O
disposition O
of O
their O
cases O
are O
and O
so O
I O
suppose O
in O
that O
sense O
, O
I O
guess O
we O
have O
given O
them O
some O
preferential O
treatment O
, O
" O
Lambert B-PER
said O
. O

He O
declined O
to O
say O
how O
many O
people O
were O
being O
considered O
for O
asylum O
. O

Canada B-LOC
's O
ministry O
of O
foreign O
affairs O
in O
Ottawa B-LOC
had O
no O
immediate O
comment O
on O
the O
report O
. O

About O
80 O
Chinese B-MISC
dissidents O
are O
believed O
to O
be O
living O
in O
exile O
in O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
. O

Their O
fate O
after O
the O
territory O
reverts O
to O
Chinese B-MISC
rule O
is O
unclear O
. O

Britain B-LOC
hands O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
back O
to O
China B-LOC
at O
midnight O
on O
June O
30 O
, O
1997 O
, O
after O
150 O
years O
of O
colonial O
rule O
. O

Canada B-LOC
's O
Minister O
of O
Foreign O
Affairs O
Lloyd B-PER
Axworthy I-PER
said O
after O
meeting O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
Gov O
. O

Chris B-PER
Patten I-PER
last O
month O
that O
Canada B-LOC
may O
grant O
asylum O
to O
dissidents O
who O
have O
fled O
to O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
from O
China B-LOC
. O

Chinese B-MISC
officials O
have O
said O
such O
dissidents O
may O
not O
become O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
permanent O
residents O
since O
they O
entered O
the O
territory O
illegally O
but O
have O
also O
said O
their O
status O
would O
be O
decided O
by O
the O
post-1997 O
local O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
administration O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Ivorian B-MISC
journalist O
held O
, O
asked O
to O
reveal O
source O
. O

ABIDJAN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

An O
Ivorian B-MISC
journalist O
spent O
a O
third O
day O
in O
custody O
on O
Wednesday O
and O
investigators O
were O
demanding O
that O
he O
reveal O
the O
source O
of O
an O
official O
document O
published O
in O
his O
newspaper O
, O
colleagues O
said O
. O

Raphael B-PER
Lapke I-PER
, O
publication O
director O
of O
Ivorian B-MISC
newspaper O
Le B-ORG
Populaire I-ORG
, O
was O
taken O
in O
for O
questioning O
on O
Monday O
over O
an O
article O
about O
the O
public O
prosecutor O
and O
has O
been O
detained O
since O
then O
. O

Colleagues O
said O
he O
had O
been O
charged O
with O
theft O
of O
administrative O
documents O
. O
" O

He O
is O
being O
asked O
for O
the O
source O
of O
his O
information O
and O
who O
gave O
him O
this O
confidential O
document O
, O
" O
one O
colleague O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Three O
journalists O
from O
the O
Ivorian B-MISC
opposition O
daily O
La B-ORG
Voie I-ORG
are O
serving O
two-year O
prison O
terms O
for O
insulting O
President O
Henri B-PER
Konan I-PER
Bedie I-PER
. O

A O
court O
sentenced O
two O
in O
December O
and O
the O
third O
in O
January O
. O

La B-ORG
Voie I-ORG
published O
an O
article O
suggesting O
the O
presence O
of O
Bedie B-PER
had O
brought O
local O
team O
ASEC B-ORG
bad O
luck O
during O
their O
defeat O
by O
Orlando B-PER
Pirates I-PER
of O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
in O
the O
final O
of O
the O
African B-MISC
Champions I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
in O
December O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
embassy O
in O
Abidjan B-LOC
and O
international O
press O
organisations O
denounced O
the O
sentences O
as O
excessive O
. O

Last O
year O
, O
Bedie B-PER
pardoned O
four O
journalists O
jailed O
for O
the O
same O
or O
similar O
offences O
. O

They O
included O
one O
of O
the O
three O
La B-ORG
Voie I-ORG
journalists O
. O

Bedie B-PER
pardoned O
two O
other O
journalists O
jailed O
for O
incitement O
to O
disturb O
public O
order O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Village O
attack O
kills O
38 O
in O
eastern O
Sierra B-LOC
Leone I-LOC
. O

FREETOWN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Sierra B-MISC
Leonean I-MISC
rebels O
killed O
31 O
villagers O
and O
seven O
soldiers O
in O
an O
attack O
on O
the O
eastern O
village O
of O
Foindu B-LOC
, O
Eastern B-ORG
Region I-ORG
Brigade I-ORG
Commander O
Major O
Fallah B-PER
Sewa I-PER
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Sewa B-PER
said O
the O
rebels O
overran O
Foindu B-LOC
despite O
the O
presence O
of O
government O
troops O
in O
the O
village O
on O
the O
highway O
between O
Mano B-LOC
Junction I-LOC
and O
the O
diamond O
town O
of O
Tongo B-LOC
Field I-LOC
. O

An O
army O
spokesman O
in O
Freetown B-LOC
said O
Monday O
night O
's O
attack O
was O
the O
third O
on O
a O
military O
post O
in O
the O
past O
week O
. O

Rebels O
of O
the O
Revolutionary B-ORG
United I-ORG
Front I-ORG
agreed O
a O
ceasefire O
in O
April O
. O

Continuing O
attacks O
are O
generally O
ascribed O
to O
renegade O
soldiers O
or O
uncontrolled O
bands O
of O
rebels O
and O
refugees O
displaced O
by O
the O
fighting O
starting O
to O
return O
to O
their O
homes O
. O

Peace O
talks O
in O
Ivory B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
began O
in O
February O
. O

Diplomats O
say O
they O
are O
deadlocked O
over O
the O
RUF B-ORG
's O
insistence O
that O
foreign O
troops O
helping O
the O
government O
army O
should O
leave O
, O
and O
that O
they O
should O
have O
some O
say O
in O
the O
allocation O
of O
budget O
spending O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Aid O
agency O
says O
Sudan B-LOC
missionaries O
released O
. O

NAIROBI B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

An O
aid O
agency O
said O
six O
Roman B-MISC
Catholic I-MISC
missionaries O
, O
including O
three O
Australian B-MISC
nuns O
, O
were O
freed O
by O
rebels O
in O
southern O
Sudan B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
after O
being O
held O
for O
nearly O
two O
weeks O
. O

But O
Catholic B-MISC
church O
officials O
said O
they O
had O
no O
confirmation O
of O
the O
report O
and O
would O
have O
to O
wait O
until O
Thursday O
to O
be O
sure O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Zambia B-LOC
's O
Chiluba B-PER
shuffles O
cabinet O
to O
fill O
vacancy O
. O

LUSAKA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Zambian O
President O
Frederick B-PER
Chiluba I-PER
shuffled O
his O
cabinet O
on O
Wednesday O
to O
fill O
a O
vacancy O
left O
after O
the O
sacking O
of O
Legal O
Affairs O
Minister O
Remmy B-PER
Mushota I-PER
. O

Mushota B-PER
was O
fired O
a O
month O
ago O
after O
a O
government O
tribunal O
found O
he O
tried O
to O
withdraw O
cash O
from O
state O
coffers O
without O
authority O
. O

The O
president O
's O
office O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
Lands O
Minister O
Luminzu B-PER
Shimaponda I-PER
had O
been O
appointed O
Legal O
Affairs O
Minister O
, O
while O
Deputy O
Foreign O
Minister O
Peter B-PER
Machungwa I-PER
would O
take O
over O
from O
Shimaponda B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Guinea B-LOC
launches O
war O
on O
fictitious O
civil O
servants O
. O

CONAKRY B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Guinea B-LOC
launched O
a O
drive O
on O
Wednesday O
to O
rid O
the O
civil O
service O
payroll O
of O
fictitious O
workers O
as O
part O
of O
new O
prime O
minister O
Sidia B-PER
Toure I-PER
's O
campaign O
to O
cut O
government O
spending O
. O

Deputy O
Minister O
for O
Finance O
Ousmane B-PER
Kaba I-PER
said O
teams O
of O
inspectors O
would O
check O
government O
offices O
in O
the O
capital O
and O
the O
provinces O
to O
root O
out O
civil O
servants O
who O
drew O
salaries O
but O
had O
left O
their O
jobs O
, O
were O
dead O
, O
or O
had O
never O
existed O
. O

Some O
50 O
million O
Guinean B-MISC
francs O
( O
$ O
50,000 O
) O
has O
been O
pumped O
into O
the O
exercise O
to O
deter O
the O
inspectors O
from O
taking O
bribes O
. O

Kaba B-PER
told O
reporters O
the O
annual O
wage O
bill O
of O
171 O
billion O
Guinean B-MISC
francs O
represented O
50 O
percent O
of O
current O
state O
expenditure O
, O
" O
whereas O
the O
acceptable O
proportion O
in O
countries O
similar O
to O
ours O
is O
one O
third O
" O
. O

Toure B-PER
, O
who O
took O
office O
last O
month O
, O
has O
said O
he O
plans O
to O
cut O
public O
service O
spending O
by O
30 O
percent O
by O
the O
end O
of O
the O
year O
as O
part O
of O
measures O
to O
revive O
the O
economy O
. O

Guinea B-LOC
is O
rich O
in O
minerals O
and O
has O
a O
vast O
potential O
for O
hydroelectric O
power O
generation O
but O
it O
faces O
stiff O
competition O
from O
its O
West B-MISC
African I-MISC
neighbours O
for O
foreign O
investment O
. O

President O
Lansana B-PER
Conte I-PER
appointed O
Toure B-PER
, O
a O
former O
senior O
civil O
servant O
in O
Ivory B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
, O
last O
month O
to O
clean O
up O
the O
administration O
and O
reform O
the O
economy O
following O
February O
's O
bloody O
army O
revolt O
. O

( O
$ O
=1,000 O
Guinean B-MISC
francs O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

New O
Liberia B-ORG
Council I-ORG
chief O
to O
be O
installed O
Tuesday O
. O

MONROVIA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Ruth B-PER
Perry I-PER
, O
the O
woman O
with O
the O
task O
of O
uniting O
Liberia B-LOC
's O
squabbling O
factions O
around O
the O
latest O
peace O
plan O
, O
will O
be O
formally O
installed O
as O
head O
of O
the O
ruling O
State B-ORG
Council I-ORG
next O
Tuesday O
, O
a O
Council B-ORG
statement O
said O
. O

Perry B-PER
, O
a O
Liberian B-MISC
Senate B-ORG
member O
during O
the O
1980s O
, O
returned O
to O
Monrovia B-LOC
on O
August O
22 O
after O
West B-MISC
African I-MISC
leaders O
nominated O
her O
for O
the O
job O
under O
a O
peace O
deal O
signed O
in O
Nigeria B-LOC
's O
capital O
Abuja B-LOC
five O
days O
earlier O
. O

The O
formal O
inauguration O
had O
been O
due O
to O
take O
place O
this O
week O
but O
was O
put O
back O
. O

There O
was O
no O
official O
explanation O
but O
politicians O
said O
faction O
leaders O
and O
State B-ORG
Council I-ORG
vice-chairmen O
Charles B-PER
Taylor I-PER
and O
Alhadji B-PER
Kromah I-PER
were O
unable O
to O
attend O
because O
they O
were O
travelling O
. O

Liberia B-LOC
's O
civil O
war O
, O
launched O
by O
Taylor B-PER
in O
1989 O
, O
has O
killed O
well O
over O
150,000 O
people O
. O

Faction O
fighting O
and O
an O
orgy O
of O
looting O
in O
the O
capital O
Monrovia B-LOC
in O
April O
and O
May O
killed O
hundreds O
of O
people O
. O

Over O
a O
dozen O
peace O
deals O
have O
collapsed O
. O

The O
latest O
sets O
a O
timetable O
for O
disarmament O
by O
the O
end O
of O
January O
and O
elections O
by O
May O
30 O
. O

West B-MISC
African I-MISC
leaders O
have O
threatened O
individual O
sanctions O
against O
faction O
leaders O
to O
ensure O
compliance O
. O

Freed O
American B-MISC
slaves O
founded O
Liberia B-LOC
in O
1847 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nigeria B-LOC
rights O
group O
says O
four O
academics O
arrested O
. O

LAGOS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
Nigerian B-MISC
human O
rights O
group O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
four O
members O
of O
a O
recently O
banned O
university O
union O
had O
been O
arrested O
. O

" O
The O
Constitutional B-ORG
Rights I-ORG
Project I-ORG
( O
CRP B-ORG
) O
believes O
that O
William B-PER
Istafanus I-PER
, O
Elisha B-PER
Shamay I-PER
, O
O.K. B-PER
Likkason I-PER
and O
Jerome B-PER
Egurugbe I-PER
were O
arrested O
because O
of O
their O
role O
in O
the O
ongoing O
ASUU B-ORG
( O
Academic B-ORG
Staff I-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Universities I-ORG
) O
strike O
, O
" O
the O
group O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
CRP B-ORG
said O
the O
four O
were O
arrested O
on O
Monday O
night O
at O
the O
northeastern O
Tafawa B-ORG
Balewa I-ORG
University I-ORG
. O

The O
main O
academic O
union O
, O
ASUU B-ORG
, O
along O
with O
two O
smaller O
university O
unions O
, O
was O
banned O
by O
Nigeria B-LOC
's O
military O
government O
last O
week O
, O
because O
of O
a O
four-month O
strike O
by O
teachers O
for O
better O
working O
conditions O
. O

Nigeria B-LOC
is O
under O
fire O
from O
many O
Western B-MISC
countries O
for O
human O
rights O
abuses O
and O
lack O
of O
democracy O
. O

Dozens O
of O
people O
opposed O
to O
the O
government O
are O
in O
detention O
. O

Commonwealth B-ORG
foreign O
ministers O
are O
to O
meet O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
to O
discuss O
what O
action O
to O
take O
, O
after O
a O
visit O
to O
Nigeria B-LOC
was O
called O
off O
when O
the O
government O
imposed O
strict O
rules O
on O
whom O
the O
mission O
would O
be O
allowed O
to O
see O
. O

Nigeria B-LOC
was O
suspended O
from O
the O
club O
of O
Britain B-LOC
and O
its O
former O
colonies O
in O
November O
after O
the O
hanging O
of O
nine O
minority O
rights O
activists O
for O
murder O
in O
spite O
of O
international O
pleas O
for O
clemency O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dutroux B-PER
suspected O
in O
murder O
of O
Slovak B-MISC
woman O
. O

Peter B-PER
Laca I-PER

BRATISLAVA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Marc B-PER
Dutroux I-PER
, O
the O
chief O
accused O
in O
a O
Belgian B-MISC
child O
murder O
and O
sex O
abuse O
scandal O
, O
is O
suspected O
of O
murdering O
a O
young O
Slovak B-MISC
woman O
, O
the O
Slovak B-MISC
office O
of O
Interpol B-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Rudolf B-PER
Gajdos I-PER
, O
head O
of O
Slovak B-MISC
Interpol B-ORG
, O
told O
a O
news O
conference O
Dutroux B-PER
was O
also O
believed O
to O
have O
planned O
the O
kidnapping O
of O
at O
least O
one O
Slovak B-MISC
woman O
. O

" O
One O
of O
the O
police O
versions O
in O
the O
case O
of O
the O
murder O
of O
young O
gypsy O
woman O
in O
Topolcany B-LOC
, O
western O
Slovakia B-LOC
, O
this O
July O
, O
is O
a O
suspicion O
that O
Mark B-PER
Dutroux I-PER
could O
have O
been O
involved O
in O
the O
murder O
, O
" O
Gajdos B-PER
said O
without O
elaborating O
on O
the O
age O
of O
the O
victim O
and O
on O
the O
other O
versions O
. O

Slovak B-MISC
police O
, O
Interpol B-ORG
, O
and O
Belgian B-MISC
police O
have O
been O
following O
leads O
on O
Dutroux B-PER
's O
activities O
in O
Slovakia B-LOC
and O
the O
neighbouring O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
where O
he O
is O
known O
to O
have O
made O
frequent O
visits O
. O

Gajdos B-PER
said O
the O
police O
sketch O
of O
the O
suspected O
murderer O
was O
" O
60 O
percent O
identical O
with O
Dutroux B-PER
's O
portrait O
" O
, O
and O
that O
Dutroux B-PER
was O
known O
to O
have O
been O
in O
Topolcany B-LOC
around O
the O
time O
of O
the O
woman O
's O
murder O
. O

" O
Topolcany B-LOC
and O
the O
area O
around O
this O
town O
were O
reported O
to O
have O
been O
the O
most O
visited O
places O
by O
Dutroux B-PER
and O
his O
accomplices O
in O
Slovakia B-LOC
, O
" O
Gajdos B-PER
said O
. O

Dutroux B-PER
, O
a O
convicted O
child O
rapist O
and O
unemployed O
father-of-three O
, O
led O
police O
11 O
days O
ago O
to O
the O
bodies O
of O
eight-year-olds O
Julie B-PER
Lejeune I-PER
and O
Melissa B-PER
Russo I-PER
in O
the O
garden O
of O
another O
of O
the O
six O
houses O
he O
owns O
around O
the O
southern O
Belgian B-MISC
city O
of O
Charleroi B-LOC
. O

" O
The O
Belgian B-MISC
police O
also O
informed O
us O
that O
Dutroux B-PER
, O
together O
with O
one O
other O
man O
, O
had O
( O
also O
) O
planned O
the O
kidnapping O
of O
at O
least O
one O
Slovak B-MISC
woman O
, O
" O
Gajdos B-PER
said O
. O

" O
The O
plan O
apparently O
failed O
due O
to O
difficulties O
in O
crossing O
the O
border O
, O
" O
he O
added O
, O
but O
did O
not O
elaborate O
. O

The O
Slovak B-MISC
police O
are O
also O
investigating O
visits O
by O
about O
10 O
Slovak B-MISC
women O
, O
aged O
17 O
to O
22 O
, O
to O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
at O
the O
invitation O
of O
Dutroux B-PER
. O

The O
women O
said O
they O
went O
to O
Belgium B-LOC
voluntarily O
and O
police O
suspect O
they O
were O
used O
to O
act O
in O
pornographic O
films O
, O
Gajdos B-PER
said O
earlier O
this O
week O
. O

But O
he O
added O
they O
had O
difficulty O
remembering O
what O
happened O
during O
their O
visits O
to O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
perhaps O
because O
of O
drugs O
, O
and O
were O
unsure O
whether O
they O
were O
filmed O
for O
pornography O
. O

Dutroux B-PER
, O
39 O
, O
who O
was O
charged O
last O
week O
with O
the O
abduction O
and O
illegal O
imprisonment O
of O
two O
girls O
aged O
14 O
and O
12 O
, O
is O
also O
suspected O
in O
the O
disappearance O
of O
Belgians O
An B-PER
Marchal I-PER
, O
19 O
, O
and O
Eefje B-PER
Lambrecks I-PER
, O
17 O
, O
who O
went O
missing O
a O
year O
ago O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Knifeman O
kills O
Polish B-MISC
beauty O
queen O
, O
wounds O
husband O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
man O
knifed O
to O
death O
international O
model O
Agnieszka B-PER
Kotlarska I-PER
outside O
her O
home O
in O
Wroclaw B-LOC
, O
western O
Poland B-LOC
, O
Polish B-MISC
television O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
man O
, O
who O
said O
he O
had O
once O
been O
engaged O
to O
her O
, O
first O
knifed O
Kotlarska B-PER
's O
husband O
in O
the O
leg O
, O
then O
stabbed O
her O
three O
times O
in O
the O
chest O
when O
she O
tried O
to O
intervene O
during O
the O
incident O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

She O
died O
in O
hospital O
. O

Kotlarska B-PER
, O
who O
was O
24 O
and O
had O
a O
three-year-old O
child O
, O
was O
Miss B-MISC
Poland I-MISC
in O
1991 O
and O
went O
on O
to O
a O
U.S.-based B-MISC
modelling O
career O
that O
included O
working O
with O
Italian B-MISC
designer O
Gianni B-PER
Versace I-PER
and O
Vogue B-ORG
magazine O
, O
the O
Gazeta B-ORG
Wyborcza I-ORG
newspaper O
said O
. O

She O
had O
been O
due O
to O
fly O
on O
a O
TWA B-ORG
airliner O
which O
exploded O
near O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
last O
month O
, O
but O
had O
cancelled O
her O
booking O
, O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

Her O
attacker O
, O
identified O
only O
as O
Jerzy B-PER
L. I-PER
, O
36 O
, O
was O
arrested O
by O
police O
and O
will O
appear O
in O
court O
on O
Thursday O
morning O
, O
television O
reported O
. O

It O
said O
he O
had O
admitted O
the O
attack O
but O
had O
denied O
intending O
to O
kill O
Kotlarska B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Russian B-MISC
shares O
slip O
in O
thin O
volume O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Leading O
Russian B-MISC
shares O
edged O
down O
on O
Wednesday O
in O
thin O
volume O
in O
the O
absence O
of O
Western B-MISC
orders O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

The O
Russian B-MISC
Trading I-MISC
System I-MISC
index O
of O
21 O
issues O
fell O
1.64 O
percent O
to O
180.38 O
on O
volume O
of O
$ O
4.38 O
million O
. O

" O
The O
market O
was O
extremely O
quiet O
today O
, O
some O
profit-taking O
locally O
, O
no O
Western B-MISC
orders O
, O
" O
said O
Nick B-PER
Mokhoff I-PER
, O
director O
of O
sales O
and O
trade O
at O
Alliance-Menatep B-ORG
. O
" O

We O
are O
just O
a O
bit O
lower O
with O
a O
lot O
of O
inactivity O
during O
the O
whole O
day O
. O
" O

Alexander B-PER
Babayan I-PER
, O
managing O
director O
at O
CentrInvest B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
, O
said O
the O
volume O
of O
orders O
was O
four O
to O
five O
times O
lower O
than O
a O
week O
ago O
. O

As O
often O
, O
the O
most O
volume O
was O
in O
UES B-ORG
. O

" O
Unified O
is O
one O
of O
the O
blue O
chips O
, O
which O
has O
more O
prospects O
than O
anybody O
else O
does O
, O
because O
they O
have O
ADRs B-MISC
supposedly O
coming O
up O
, O
" O
Mokhoff B-PER
said O
. O

UES B-ORG
officials O
said O
last O
week O
the O
board O
had O
not O
yet O
approved O
the O
final O
version O
of O
its O
application O
to O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
and I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
to O
issue O
ADRs B-MISC
. O

UES B-ORG
fell O
to O
$ O
0.0817 O
from O
$ O
0.0822 O
at O
Tuesday O
's O
close O
with O
8.90 O
million O
shares O
changing O
hands O
. O

Gazprom B-ORG
was O
the O
loser O
of O
the O
day O
with O
prices O
closing O
at O
$ O
0.300 O
, O
down O
from O
$ O
0.355 O
on O
Tuesday O
and O
$ O
0.445 O
on O
Monday O
. O

Mokhoff B-PER
said O
uncertainty O
about O
when O
Gazprom B-ORG
would O
issue O
ADRs B-MISC
and O
about O
whether O
shares O
from O
the O
Russian B-MISC
market O
could O
be O
converted O
into O
ADRs B-MISC
had O
hurt O
prices O
. O

" O
Western B-MISC
investors O
... O
will O
be O
investing O
in O
ADRs B-MISC
and O
I O
do O
not O
think O
people O
in O
Russia B-LOC
will O
be O
able O
to O
come O
up O
with O
the O
money O
for O
the O
underlying O
shares O
to O
drive O
the O
Russian B-MISC
shares O
to O
those O
levels O
, O
" O
Mokhoff B-PER
said O
. O

Gazprom B-ORG
has O
also O
tightened O
the O
rules O
restricting O
shareholers O
' O
rights O
to O
trade O
its O
shares O
. O

Mosenergo B-ORG
closed O
at O
at O
$ O
0.958 O
after O
$ O
0.966 O
, O
Rostelekom B-ORG
fell O
to O
$ O
2.56 O
from O
$ O
2.58 O
and O
LUKoil B-ORG
was O
$ O
9.82 O
after O
$ O
9.85 O
. O

-- O
Julie B-PER
Tolkacheva I-PER
, O
Moscow B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+7095 O
941 O
8520 O

-DOCSTART- O

Albania B-LOC
asks O
Greece B-LOC
to O
explain O
deportations O
. O

TIRANA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Albania B-LOC
asked O
Greece B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
to O
explain O
why O
it O
was O
deporting O
more O
Albanian B-MISC
immigrants O
, O
Foreign O
Minister O
Tritan B-PER
Shehu I-PER
said O
. O

The O
Albanian B-MISC
daily O
Koha B-ORG
Jone I-ORG
reported O
earlier O
that O
Greece B-LOC
had O
deported O
about O
5,000 O
Albanians B-MISC
in O
the O
last O
five O
days O
. O

" O
The O
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
is O
trying O
to O
find O
out O
from O
the O
Greek B-MISC
embassy O
why O
Albanian B-MISC
refugees O
have O
been O
deported O
from O
Greece B-LOC
, O
" O
Shehu B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

Athens B-LOC
and O
Tirana B-LOC
signed O
an O
accord O
in O
May O
to O
legalise O
the O
status O
of O
Albanian B-MISC
immigrant O
workers O
, O
estimated O
at O
350,000 O
, O
and O
remove O
a O
long-standing O
stumbling O
block O
in O
relations O
between O
the O
two O
Balkan B-LOC
neighbours O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bulgarians B-MISC
recover O
75 O
pct O
of O
confiscated O
land O
. O

SOFIA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Bulgaria B-LOC
has O
restored O
ownership O
rights O
to O
pre-communist O
private O
owners O
of O
75 O
percent O
of O
the O
arable O
land O
or O
around O
four O
million O
hectares O
, O
an O
Agriculture B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
official O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

" O
So O
far O
75 O
percent O
has O
been O
returned O
with O
the O
land O
restitution O
almost O
completed O
in O
some O
regions O
like O
Southeastern B-LOC
Bulgaria I-LOC
but O
lagging O
behind O
in O
other O
areas O
, O
predominantly O
in O
the O
mountains O
, O
" O
the O
official O
told O
a O
news O
conference O
. O

The O
ministry O
has O
said O
that O
it O
planned O
to O
return O
96.6 O
percent O
of O
the O
arable O
land O
or O
5.2 O
million O
hectares O
to O
its O
original O
owners O
by O
the O
end O
of O
this O
year O
. O

A O
land O
reform O
act O
passed O
four O
years O
ago O
abolished O
Soviet-style B-MISC
collective O
farms O
, O
allowing O
the O
return O
of O
5.4 O
million O
hectares O
to O
original O
owners O
or O
their O
heirs O
. O

-- O
Sofia B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
( O
++359-2 O
) O
981 O
8569 O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
chancellor O
to O
meet O
Yeltsin B-PER
Sept O
7 O
- O
Interfax B-ORG
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

German B-MISC
Chancellor O
Helmut B-PER
Kohl I-PER
, O
who O
spoke O
to O
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
by O
telephone O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
plans O
a O
trip O
to O
Moscow B-LOC
on O
September O
7 O
and O
will O
visit O
Yeltsin B-PER
at O
his O
vacation O
home O
near O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
Interfax B-ORG
news O
agency O
said O
. O

Interfax B-ORG
, O
quoting O
Yeltsin B-PER
press O
secretary O
Sergei B-PER
Yastrzhembsky I-PER
, O
said O
Yeltsin B-PER
and O
Kohl B-PER
had O
discussed O
bilateral O
relations O
and O
international O
issues O
on O
the O
telephone O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
had O
told O
Kohl B-PER
about O
efforts O
to O
find O
a O
political O
solution O
to O
the O
conflict O
in O
Russia B-LOC
's O
breakaway O
Chechnya B-LOC
region O
, O
Interfax B-ORG
added O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
, O
who O
left O
on O
vacation O
on O
Monday O
, O
is O
staying O
at O
an O
exclusive O
private O
hunting O
lodge O
some O
100 O
km O
( O
60 O
miles O
) O
from O
Moscow B-LOC
. O

Germany B-LOC
has O
been O
one O
of O
the O
loudest O
critics O
of O
Russia B-LOC
's O
military O
intervention O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
, O
a O
20-month-old O
conflict O
in O
which O
tens O
of O
thousands O
of O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Exiled O
Bosnians B-MISC
protest O
confusing O
voting O
rules O
. O

Duncan B-PER
Shiels I-PER

NAGYATAD B-LOC
, O
Hungary B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Bosnian B-MISC
refugees O
in O
Hungary B-LOC
, O
the O
first O
to O
vote O
last O
weekend O
in O
their O
country O
's O
first O
post-war O
election O
, O
found O
the O
rules O
confusing O
and O
some O
had O
no O
idea O
who O
they O
voted O
for O
, O
refugees O
and O
officials O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

" O
For O
the O
most O
part O
they O
really O
did O
n't O
understand O
what O
was O
going O
on O
, O
" O
the O
director O
of O
the O
Nagyatad B-LOC
camp O
Lajos B-PER
Horvath I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
. O

" O
It O
was O
confusing O
, O
they O
had O
no O
experience O
of O
voting O
, O
many O
of O
the O
refugees O
are O
only O
semi-literate O
and O
none O
of O
them O
knew O
anything O
about O
the O
candidates O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
They O
just O
voted O
along O
ethnic O
lines O
where O
they O
could O
. O
" O

The O
Bosnian B-MISC
election O
is O
set O
for O
September O
14 O
and O
voting O
began O
on O
Wednesday O
for O
most O
of O
the O
600,000 O
Bosnians B-MISC
living O
abroad O
. O

The O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
, O
which O
is O
running O
the O
election O
, O
allowed O
the O
ballot O
to O
be O
held O
on O
Sunday O
in O
four O
Hungarian B-MISC
refugee O
camps O
. O

Some O
Moslem B-MISC
refugees O
among O
the O
385 O
registered O
voters O
Hungary B-LOC
's O
largest O
camp O
Nagyatad B-LOC
have O
written O
to O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
complaining O
that O
they O
were O
unable O
to O
vote O
in O
contests O
for O
the O
president O
or O
assembly O
of O
the O
Bosnian-Croat B-LOC
Federation I-LOC
, O
where O
most O
Moslems B-MISC
live O
. O

This O
was O
because O
their O
pre-war O
homes O
are O
now O
in O
the O
Serb-controlled B-MISC
territory O
, O
so O
they O
were O
voting O
for O
the O
national O
assembly O
of O
the O
Republika B-LOC
Srbska I-LOC
, O
most O
of O
the O
candidates O
for O
which O
are O
Serbs B-MISC
. O

For O
the O
foreign O
powers O
which O
back O
last O
year O
's O
Dayton B-LOC
peace O
agreement O
, O
the O
main O
point O
of O
the O
election O
rules O
is O
that O
by O
voting O
as O
though O
they O
were O
still O
in O
their O
pre-war O
homes O
, O
Bosnians B-MISC
should O
override O
the O
effects O
of O
ethnic O
cleansing O
and O
reassert O
the O
concept O
of O
a O
single O
multi-ethnic O
state O
. O

But O
Adem B-PER
Hodzic I-PER
, O
one O
of O
the O
refugees O
who O
signed O
the O
letter O
of O
complaint O
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
: O

" O
We O
only O
realised O
after O
voting O
that O
we O
were O
being O
denied O
the O
rights O
of O
other O
Bosnian B-MISC
Moslems I-MISC
to O
choose O
our O
president O
. O

This O
vote O
seals O
the O
division O
of O
my O
country O
. O
" O

Under O
the O
election O
rules O
citizens O
vote O
for O
a O
three-man O
presidency O
and O
House B-ORG
of I-ORG
Representatives I-ORG
for O
all O
Bosnia-Hercegovina B-LOC
and O
for O
assemblies O
and O
cantonal O
seats O
in O
either O
the O
Moslem-Croat B-LOC
Federation I-LOC
or O
the O
Republika B-LOC
Srbska I-LOC
. O

On O
Sunday O
voters O
in O
Hungary B-LOC
also O
cast O
ballots O
for O
municipal O
councils O
but O
these O
will O
be O
invalidated O
following O
the O
cancellation O
of O
local O
elections O
by O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
on O
Tuesday O
. O

Husein B-PER
Micijevic I-PER
, O
who O
also O
signed O
the O
letter O
, O
alleged O
that O
elderly O
voters O
were O
directed O
who O
to O
vote O
for O
by O
Hungarian B-MISC
translators O
who O
stood O
in O
the O
polling O
booth O
to O
help O
them O
. O

" O
Probably O
100 O
refugees O
were O
shown O
where O
to O
put O
their O
cross O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Seventy O
eight-year-old O
Mandolina B-PER
Zelic I-PER
, O
a O
Bosnian B-MISC
Croat I-MISC
who O
has O
spent O
the O
last O
five O
years O
in O
Nagyatad B-LOC
, O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
she O
had O
cast O
her O
ballot O
because O
she O
'd O
been O
told O
to O
by O
the O
camp O
authorities O
but O
had O
no O
idea O
who O
she O
voted O
for O
. O

" O
At O
first O
the O
organisers O
would O
n't O
let O
anyone O
help O
me O
but O
when O
they O
saw O
I O
did O
n't O
understand O
a O
young O
translator O
ringed O
the O
names O
I O
had O
to O
mark O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O
" O

I O
do O
n't O
know O
who O
I O
voted O
for O
. O
" O

Maria B-PER
Szabo I-PER
of O
the O
Hungarian B-MISC
office O
organising O
the O
elections O
on O
behalf O
of O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
told O
Reuters B-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
her O
office O
was O
studying O
the O
letter O
but O
said O
they O
had O
followed O
OSCE B-ORG
instructions O
very O
carefully O
. O

" O
The O
envelopes O
, O
each O
with O
the O
five O
different O
voting O
slips O
, O
were O
sealed O
until O
voting O
and O
had O
written O
instructions O
on O
how O
to O
vote O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O
" O

But O
of O
course O
those O
who O
could O
not O
read O
had O
to O
be O
shown O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Estonia B-LOC
presidential O
race O
next O
round O
on O
Sept O
20 O
. O

TALLINN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Estonia B-LOC
will O
hold O
the O
next O
round O
of O
an O
inconclusive O
state O
presidential O
race O
on O
September O
20 O
, O
parliamentary O
officers O
of O
the O
Baltic B-MISC
state O
ruled O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

This O
comes O
after O
three O
votes O
in O
the O
101-strong O
parliament O
on O
Monday O
and O
Tuesday O
failed O
to O
give O
either O
incumbent O
Lennart B-PER
Meri I-PER
or O
rival O
candidate O
Arnold B-PER
Ruutel I-PER
the O
necessary O
68 O
votes O
for O
a O
clear O
mandate O
. O

The O
outcome O
was O
a O
rebuff O
for O
Meri B-PER
, O
failing O
three O
times O
to O
win O
backing O
in O
his O
bid O
for O
a O
second O
term O
as O
head O
of O
state O
of O
the O
former O
Soviet B-MISC
republic O
. O

Parliament O
's O
press O
officer O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
that O
Speaker O
Toomas B-PER
Savi I-PER
will O
convene O
an O
electoral O
college O
involving O
101 O
MPs O
and O
and O
273 O
local O
government O
representatives O
on O
September O
20 O
. O

Both O
Meri B-PER
, O
67 O
, O
and O
Ruutel B-PER
, O
68 O
will O
automatically O
be O
listed O
as O
candidates O
but O
the O
election O
will O
also O
be O
open O
to O
new O
nominations O
with O
the O
backing O
of O
any O
21 O
members O
of O
the O
college O
. O

The O
winner O
has O
to O
secure O
a O
majority O
from O
the O
college O
within O
two O
rounds O
of O
voting O
otherwise O
the O
election O
will O
go O
back O
before O
the O
parliament O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Lebed B-PER
likely O
to O
fail O
on O
Chechnya B-LOC
- O
Polish B-MISC
minister O
. O

WARSAW B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Russian B-MISC
security O
chief O
Aleksander B-PER
Lebed I-PER
faces O
an O
almost O
impossible O
task O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
and O
is O
likely O
to O
be O
sidelined O
, O
Polish B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Dariusz B-PER
Rosati I-PER
was O
reported O
as O
saying O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

According O
to O
best-selling O
daily O
Gazeta B-ORG
Wyborcza I-ORG
, O
Rosati B-PER
told O
the O
Polish B-MISC
parliament O
's O
foreign O
affairs O
committee O
on O
Tuesday O
that O
the O
fact O
Lebed B-PER
had O
been O
charged O
with O
resolving O
the O
conflict O
in O
Chechnya B-LOC
showed O
he O
would O
be O
marginalised O
. O

" O
It O
is O
almost O
impossible O
to O
gain O
success O
in O
this O
, O
" O
it O
quoted O
Rosati B-PER
as O
saying O
during O
a O
committee O
debate O
. O

" O
Lebed B-PER
has O
no O
diplomatic O
experience O
. O

Yeltsin B-PER
sent O
him O
there O
to O
compromise O
him O
. O

This O
tactical O
manoeuvre O
also O
shows O
that O
in O
the O
ruling O
circle O
there O
is O
no O
unity O
of O
action O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Lebed B-PER
, O
who O
has O
arranged O
a O
military O
truce O
with O
separatist O
rebels O
in O
the O
southern O
Russia B-LOC
region O
, O
was O
in O
Moscow B-LOC
this O
week O
seeking O
support O
for O
a O
deal O
on O
Chechnya B-LOC
's O
political O
status O
. O

But O
Russian B-MISC
President O
Boris B-PER
Yeltsin I-PER
has O
seemed O
unwilling O
to O
meet O
his O
envoy O
and O
went O
on O
holiday O
on O
Monday O
. O

Gazeta B-ORG
Wyborcza I-ORG
quoted O
Rosati B-PER
as O
saying O
Yeltsin B-PER
was O
very O
ill O
and O
effectively O
on O
leave O
, O
but O
for O
now O
retained O
control O
in O
Russia B-LOC
although O
matters O
were O
passing O
into O
the O
hands O
of O
his O
close O
collaborators O
. O

Rosati B-PER
said O
Russia B-LOC
's O
July O
polls O
, O
in O
which O
Yeltsin B-PER
won O
re-election O
, O
showed O
democracy O
had O
passed O
an O
important O
test O
and O
the O
Russian B-MISC
people O
had O
chosed O
the O
path O
of O
further O
reforms O
. O

But O
he O
said O
a O
power O
struggle O
in O
Russia B-LOC
's O
ruling O
circles O
could O
not O
be O
ruled O
out O
, O
which O
could O
harm O
further O
reforms O
. O

He O
expressed O
concern O
over O
problems O
in O
the O
Russian B-MISC
economy O
, O
saying O
this O
could O
lead O
to O
social O
unrest O
, O
the O
daily O
reported O
. O

On O
Moscow B-LOC
's O
foreign O
policy O
, O
Rosati B-PER
said O
it O
had O
changed O
its O
stance O
on O
NATO B-ORG
's O
eastward O
expansion O
and O
was O
preparing O
itself O
for O
Poland B-LOC
's O
inevitable O
entry O
into O
the O
Western B-MISC
alliance O
. O

He O
also O
reportedly O
criticised O
Russian B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Yevgeny B-PER
Primakov I-PER
, O
saying O
his O
style O
of O
work O
resembled O
that O
of O
the O
Soviet-era B-MISC
1970s O
and O
1980s O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Romania B-LOC
state O
budget O
soars O
in O
June O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Romania B-LOC
's O
state O
budget O
deficit O
jumped O
sharply O
in O
June O
to O
1,242.9 O
billion O
lei O
for O
the O
January-June O
period O
from O
596.5 O
billion O
lei O
in O
January-May O
, O
official O
data O
showed O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Six-month O
expenditures O
stood O
at O
9.50 O
trillion O
lei O
, O
up O
from O
7.56 O
trillion O
lei O
at O
end-May O
, O
with O
education O
and O
health O
spending O
accounting O
for O
31.6 O
percent O
of O
state O
expenses O
and O
economic O
subsidies O
and O
support O
taking O
some O
26 O
percent O
. O

January-June O
revenues O
went O
up O
to O
8.26 O
trillion O
lei O
from O
6.96 O
trillion O
lei O
in O
the O
first O
five O
months O
this O
year O
. O

Romania B-LOC
's O
government O
is O
expected O
to O
revise O
the O
1996 O
budget O
on O
Wednesday O
to O
bring O
it O
into O
line O
with O
higher O
inflation O
, O
new O
wage O
and O
pension O
indexations O
and O
costs O
of O
energy O
imports O
that O
have O
pushed O
up O
the O
state O
deficit O
. O

Under O
the O
revised O
version O
state O
spending O
is O
expected O
to O
rise O
by O
some O
566 O
billion O
lei O
. O

No O
new O
deficit O
forecast O
has O
been O
issued O
so O
far O
. O

In O
July O
the O
government O
gave O
a O
6.0-percent O
wage O
and O
pension O
indexation O
to O
cover O
energy O
, O
fuel O
and O
bread O
price O
increases O
, O
which O
quickened O
inflation O
to O
7.5 O
percent O
last O
month O
. O

In O
the O
original O
state O
budget O
, O
approved O
in O
March O
, O
revenues O
were O
envisaged O
at O
around O
16.98 O
trillion O
lei O
and O
expenditures O
20.17 O
trillion O
lei O
for O
1996 O
. O

The O
state O
budget O
deficit O
was O
originally O
forecast O
to O
be O
3.19 O
trillion O
lei O
for O
the O
whole O
year O
. O

On O
Wednesday O
, O
the O
leu O
's O
official O
rate O
was O
3,161 O
to O
the O
dollar O
. O

-- O
Bucharest B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
40-1 O
3120264 O

-DOCSTART- O

Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
says O
Dutch B-MISC
pair O
kidnapped O
by O
Nicaraguans B-MISC
. O

SAN B-LOC
JOSE I-LOC
, O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
Costa B-MISC
Rican I-MISC
government O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
a O
Dutch B-MISC
couple O
abducted O
over O
the O
weekend O
from O
a O
tree O
farm O
in O
northern O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
was O
kidnapped O
by O
former O
Nicaraguan B-MISC
guerrillas O
. O

" O
Even O
though O
it O
's O
an O
act O
of O
common O
delinquency O
, O
the O
case O
could O
take O
a O
difficult O
turn O
because O
former O
Nicaraguan B-MISC
guerrillas O
are O
involved O
, O
" O
Security O
Minister O
Bernardo B-PER
Arce I-PER
told O
reporters O
. O

Earlier O
this O
year O
, O
a O
German B-MISC
tourist O
and O
a O
Swiss B-MISC
tour O
guide O
were O
kidnapped O
from O
the O
same O
general O
area O
in O
northern O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
near O
the O
Nicaraguan B-MISC
border O
. O

They O
were O
held O
for O
71 O
days O
before O
relatives O
paid O
a O
ransom O
to O
free O
them O
. O

Two O
Nicaraguan B-MISC
former O
guerrillas O
have O
been O
arrested O
in O
the O
case O
. O

Because O
of O
the O
apparent O
threat O
to O
foreigners O
in O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
near O
the O
Nicaraguan B-MISC
border O
, O
Arce B-PER
said O
the O
government O
has O
advised O
many O
to O
take O
additional O
security O
measures O
on O
their O
own O
. O

Hurte B-PER
Sierd I-PER
Zylstra I-PER
and O
his O
wife O
, O
Jetsi B-PER
Hendrika I-PER
Coers I-PER
, O
both O
50 O
years O
old O
, O
were O
seized O
late O
on O
Saturday O
or O
early O
on O
Sunday O
from O
a O
teak O
tree O
plantation O
they O
manage O
by O
at O
least O
two O
heavily O
armed O
men O
who O
took O
the O
two O
off O
in O
their O
own O
car O
, O
leaving O
behind O
a O
ransom O
note O
demanding O
$ O
1.5 O
million O
. O

The O
plantation O
is O
owned O
by O
Dutch B-MISC
citizen O
Ebe B-PER
Huizinga I-PER
, O
who O
has O
since O
arrived O
in O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
to O
deal O
with O
the O
matter O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Gov't O
dodging O
extradition O
, O
Colombian B-MISC
official O
says O
. O

BOGOTA B-LOC
, O
Colombia B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
top O
judicial O
official O
and O
critic O
of O
President O
Ernesto B-PER
Samper I-PER
accused O
the O
government O
of O
indifference O
on O
Wednesday O
over O
efforts O
to O
lift O
Colombia B-LOC
's O
five-year-old O
ban O
on O
extradition O
. O

" O
It O
would O
seem O
that O
the O
subject O
of O
extradition O
is O
unworthy O
of O
an O
opinion O
from O
the O
government O
, O
" O
Deputy O
Prosecutor-General O
Adolfo B-PER
Salamanca B-LOC
said O
. O

Constitutional O
reforms O
were O
proposed O
on O
Tuesday O
by O
two O
senators O
, O
one O
of O
them O
a O
member O
of O
Samper B-PER
's O
own O
Liberal B-ORG
Party I-ORG
, O
aimed O
at O
lifting O
the O
ban O
on O
extradition O
introduced O
in O
1991 O
. O

U.S. B-LOC
Ambassador O
Myles B-PER
Frechette I-PER
applauded O
the O
move O
, O
saying O
it O
could O
prompt O
the O
Clinton B-PER
administration O
to O
remove O
Colombia B-LOC
from O
a O
list O
of O
outcast O
nations O
that O
have O
failed O
to O
cooperate O
in O
U.S. B-LOC
counternarcotics O
efforts O
. O

Samper B-PER
-- O
who O
weathered O
a O
year-old O
crisis O
stemming O
from O
charges O
he O
financed O
his O
1994 O
election O
campaign O
with O
drug O
money O
-- O
appeared O
less O
than O
enthusiastic O
, O
however O
. O

" O
Extradition O
is O
not O
on O
the O
government O
's O
legislative O
agenda O
, O
" O
he O
told O
reporters O
on O
Tuesday O
. O

He O
added O
that O
he O
did O
not O
oppose O
the O
idea O
of O
opening O
a O
public O
debate O
over O
the O
issue O
. O

But O
he O
fell O
far O
short O
of O
endorsing O
the O
idea O
of O
putting O
Colombian B-MISC
drug O
lords O
onto O
U.S.-bound O
flights O
to O
serve O
stiff O
penalities O
in O
American B-MISC
prisons O
. O

Salamanca B-LOC
, O
who O
spoke O
at O
a O
meeting O
on O
kidnapping O
in O
Colombia B-LOC
, O
has O
said O
in O
the O
past O
that O
there O
was O
ample O
evidence O
to O
prove O
that O
Samper B-PER
's O
campaign O
received O
millions O
of O
dollars O
in O
contributions O
from O
the O
country O
's O
top O
drug O
lords O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Quake O
shakes O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
during O
Hashimoto B-PER
visit O
. O

SAN B-LOC
JOSE I-LOC
, O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
moderate O
earthquake O
measuring O
5.0 O
on O
the O
Richter B-PER
scale O
shook O
Costa B-LOC
Rica I-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
during O
a O
visit O
by O
Japanese B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Ryutaro B-PER
Hashimoto I-PER
, O
but O
there O
were O
no O
reports O
of O
casualties O
or O
damage O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

The O
quake O
struck O
at O
11.16 O
a.m. O
( O
1716 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
and O
was O
centred O
10 O
miles O
( O
16 O
km O
) O
south O
of O
the O
port O
of O
Quepos B-LOC
, O
which O
is O
90 O
miles O
( O
140 O
km O
) O
south O
of O
the O
capital O
San B-LOC
Jose I-LOC
, O
the O
Costa B-ORG
Rican I-ORG
Volcanic I-ORG
and I-ORG
Seismologicial I-ORG
Observatory I-ORG
said O
. O

The O
quake O
was O
felt O
for O
about O
seven O
seconds O
in O
most O
of O
the O
country O
but O
preliminary O
reports O
said O
no O
one O
was O
hurt O
, O
it O
added O
. O

The O
quake O
took O
place O
a O
few O
minutes O
before O
the O
end O
of O
a O
welcoming O
ceremony O
at O
Juan B-LOC
Santamaria I-LOC
airport O
for O
Hashimoto B-PER
, O
who O
was O
starting O
a O
three-hour O
visit O
as O
part O
of O
a O
Latin B-MISC
American I-MISC
tour O
. O

Hashimoto B-PER
, O
who O
arrived O
at O
11 O
a.m. O
( O
1700 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
, O
showed O
no O
sign O
of O
having O
felt O
the O
quake O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Barrier O
removed O
to O
Brazil B-LOC
CVRD B-ORG
sell-off O
. O

BRASILIA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
Brazilian B-MISC
Senate B-ORG
Wednesday O
agreed O
to O
shelve O
a O
bill O
linking O
the O
privatization O
of O
mining O
conglomerate O
Vale B-ORG
do I-ORG
Rio I-ORG
Doce I-ORG
to O
congressional O
approval O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

Officials O
said O
the O
Senate B-ORG
vote O
removed O
all O
existing O
legislative O
hurdles O
in O
the O
way O
of O
CVRD B-ORG
's O
sell-off O
. O

The O
motion O
was O
put O
forward O
by O
Sen B-LOC
. O

Jose B-PER
Eduardo I-PER
Dutra I-PER
, O
who O
had O
drawn O
up O
the O
bill O
. O

The O
Senate B-ORG
vote O
also O
annulled O
a O
substitute O
version O
of O
Dutra B-PER
's O
bill O
which O
had O
sought O
to O
dedicate O
revenue O
from O
Vale B-ORG
's O
privatization O
to O
regional O
infrastructure O
projects O
. O

-- O
William B-PER
Schomberg I-PER
, O
Brasilia B-LOC
newsroom O
55-61-2230358 O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Arthur B-ORG
Yates I-ORG
year O
net O
A$ B-MISC
6.1 O
mln O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Year O
to O
June O
30 O

( O
million O
A$ B-MISC
unless O
stated O
) O

Operating O
profit O
9.75 O
vs O
5.79 O

Net O
profit O
6.08 O
vs O
3.98 O

Final O
dividend O
( O
cents O
) O
4.0 O
vs O
4.0 O

Total O
dividend O
( O
cents O
) O
6.0 O
vs O
6.0 O

NOTE O
: O
Arthur B-ORG
Yates I-ORG
and I-ORG
Co I-ORG
ltd O
is O
a O
garden O
products O
group O
. O

Sales O
148.29 O
vs O
133.82 O

Other O
income O
1.90 O
vs O
2.07 O

Shr O
( O
cents O
) O
8.63 O
vs O
7.23 O

Dividend O
is O
100 O
percent O
franked O

Pay O
date O
Nov O
25 O

Reg O
date O
Nov O
11 O

Tax O
3.67 O
vs O
1.82 O

Interest O
2.78 O
vs O
2.69 O

Depreciation O
3.25 O
vs O
2.79 O

-- O
Sydney B-LOC
newsroom O
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

Briton B-MISC
held O
in O
Thailand B-LOC
over O
4.4 O
kg O
heroin O
find O
. O

BANGKOK B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Thai B-MISC
airport O
police O
arrested O
a O
British B-MISC
bartender O
for O
allegedly O
attempting O
to O
board O
a O
flight O
for O
Amsterdam B-LOC
with O
nearly O
4.4 O
kg O
( O
9.68 O
lb O
) O
of O
heroin O
in O
his O
luggage O
, O
police O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Police O
said O
James B-PER
Lee I-PER
Williams I-PER
, O
28 O
, O
was O
stopped O
at O
a O
Bangkok B-LOC
airport O
departure O
lounge O
on O
Monday O
after O
officials O
found O
the O
drug O
in O
a O
bag O
that O
Williams B-PER
planned O
to O
carry O
onto O
the O
plane O
. O

Williams B-PER
' O
hometown O
was O
not O
immediately O
available O
. O

The O
maximum O
sentence O
for O
heroin O
trafficking O
is O
the O
death O
penalty O
, O
although O
it O
is O
normally O
commuted O
to O
life O
imprisonment O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PLO B-ORG
Council I-ORG
calls O
for O
halt O
to O
contacts O
with O
Israel B-LOC
. O

RAMALLAH B-LOC
, O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
Palestinian B-ORG
Legislative I-ORG
Council I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
called O
for O
a O
halt O
to O
contacts O
with O
Israel B-LOC
, O
just O
hours O
after O
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
said O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
state O
had O
effectively O
declared O
war O
on O
the O
Palestinians B-MISC
by O
pursuing O
its O
hardline O
policies O
. O

A O
resolution O
released O
by O
the O
council O
called O
for O
" O
halting O
contacts O
with O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
side O
and O
leaving O
the O
mechanism O
to O
carry O
out O
this O
to O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
" O
. O

The O
council O
was O
meeting O
in O
Ramallah B-LOC
to O
discuss O
Israel B-LOC
's O
new O
policy O
of O
Jewish B-MISC
settlement O
expansion O
and O
its O
uncompromising O
line O
on O
Jerusalem B-LOC
since O
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
took O
office O
in O
June O
. O

Council O
resolutions O
are O
not O
necessarily O
binding O
. O

Arafat B-PER
had O
earlier O
blasted O
Israel B-LOC
saying O
its O
policies O
amounted O
to O
a O
declaration O
of O
war O
against O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
people O
. O

He O
also O
called O
for O
the O
first O
general O
strike O
in O
two O
years O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

" O
What O
happened O
concerning O
continuous O
violations O
and O
crimes O
from O
this O
new O
Israeli B-MISC
leadership O
means O
they O
are O
declaring O
a O
state O
of O
war O
against O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
people O
, O
" O
Arafat B-PER
told O
the O
council O
. O

Council O
speaker O
Ahmed B-PER
Korei I-PER
said O
the O
decision O
was O
part O
of O
a O
comprehensive O
plan O
to O
confront O
Israeli B-MISC
settlement O
policy O
, O
land O
confiscation O
and O
what O
he O
termed O
other O
violations O
of O
the O
Israeli-PLO B-MISC
peace O
deals O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iraqi B-MISC
Kurd I-MISC
group O
says O
agrees O
new O
ceasefire O
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

An O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
group O
on O
Wednesday O
said O
it O
had O
agreed O
a O
new O
U.S.-brokered B-MISC
ceasefire O
with O
a O
rival O
faction O
after O
a O
previous O
accord O
was O
shattered O
by O
sporadic O
fighting O
between O
the O
groups O
in O
recent O
days O
. O

" O
The O
Patriotic B-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Kurdistan I-ORG
( O
PUK B-ORG
) O
leadership O
declares O
its O
endorsement O
for O
a O
ceasefire O
arrangement O
with O
the O
KDP B-ORG
( O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
) O
to O
take O
effect O
as O
of O
8:00 O
a.m. O
on O
August O
28 O
, O
" O
the O
PUK B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
PUK B-ORG
said O
the O
ceasefire O
was O
agreed O
after O
talks O
between O
U.S. B-LOC
Assistant O
Secretary O
for O
Near B-LOC
East I-LOC
Affairs O
Robert B-PER
Pelletreau I-PER
and O
PUK B-ORG
leader O
Jalal B-PER
Talabani I-PER
. O

The O
KDP B-ORG
, O
led O
by O
Massoud B-PER
Barzani I-PER
, O
had O
said O
a O
previous O
ceasefire O
negotiated O
by O
Pelletreau B-PER
last O
Friday O
was O
broken O
by O
the O
PUK B-ORG
. O

Talabani B-PER
has O
agreed O
to O
take O
part O
in O
talks O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
reaching O
a O
comprehensive O
settlement O
for O
the O
PUK-KDP B-MISC
conflict O
, O
the O
PUK B-ORG
statement O
said O
. O

It O
said O
the O
KDP B-ORG
was O
responsible O
for O
breaking O
the O
previous O
ceasefire O
by O
refusing O
to O
endorse O
it O
publicly O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kurd B-MISC
group O
says O
Iraqi B-MISC
troops O
massing O
near O
north O
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

An O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
group O
on O
Wednesday O
said O
Iraq B-LOC
was O
massing O
troops O
near O
Kurdish B-MISC
regions O
in O
the O
north O
, O
where O
a O
U.S.-led B-MISC
allied O
air O
force O
protects O
the O
local O
population O
against O
attacks O
from O
Baghdad B-LOC
. O

" O
The O
Iraqi B-MISC
regime O
has O
started O
threatening O
the O
Kurdish B-MISC
population O
by O
massing O
troops O
in O
preparation O
to O
attack O
Kurdish B-MISC
towns O
and O
population O
centres O
, O
" O
the O
Patriotic B-ORG
Union I-ORG
of I-ORG
Kurdistan I-ORG
( O
PUK B-ORG
) O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
PUK B-ORG
said O
it O
had O
received O
confirmed O
reports O
that O
Iraqi B-MISC
troops O
, O
supported O
by O
tanks O
, O
artillery O
and O
armoured O
vehicles O
, O
have O
already O
penetrated O
some O
Kurdish B-MISC
areas O
. O

It O
said O
the O
military O
presence O
reflects O
cooperation O
between O
President O
Saddam B-PER
Hussein I-PER
and O
the O
PUK B-ORG
's O
rival O
, O
the O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
KDP B-ORG
) O
. O

The O
PUK B-ORG
statement O
follows O
KDP B-ORG
assertions O
that O
the O
PUK B-ORG
is O
receiving O
military O
support O
from O
Iran B-LOC
. O

Hostilities O
between O
the O
two O
warring O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
factions O
have O
continued O
in O
the O
last O
few O
days O
despite O
a O
U.S.-brokered B-MISC
ceasefire O
last O
Friday O
. O

The O
PUK B-ORG
called O
on O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
and O
allied O
forces O
to O
halt O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
aggression O
. O

U.S. B-LOC
, O
French B-MISC
and O
British B-MISC
aircraft O
have O
safeguarded O
the O
Iraqi B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
population O
against O
aggression O
from O
Baghdad B-LOC
since O
shortly O
after O
the O
Gulf B-MISC
War I-MISC
in O
1991 O
. O

The O
allied O
force O
, O
known O
as O
Operation B-MISC
Provide I-MISC
Comfort I-MISC
, O
is O
based O
in O
southern O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iraq B-LOC
says O
hijackers O
were O
not O
diplomats O
. O

BAGHDAD B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Iraq B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
said O
the O
hijackers O
of O
a O
Sudanese B-MISC
airliner O
were O
not O
Iraqi B-MISC
diplomats O
and O
added O
that O
" O
noble O
Iraqis B-MISC
" O
would O
never O
contemplate O
such O
an O
action O
. O

The O
official O
Iraqi B-ORG
News I-ORG
Agency I-ORG
( O
INA B-ORG
) O
quoted O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
ambassador O
in O
Khartoum B-LOC
as O
saying O
that O
Iraq B-LOC
's O
embassy O
in O
the O
Sudanese B-MISC
capital O
had O
nothing O
to O
do O
with O
the O
Monday O
night O
hijacking O
. O

Iraq B-LOC
's O
ambassador O
in O
Khartoum B-LOC
denounced O
the O
hijacking O
and O
described O
it O
as O
a O
terrorist O
act O
which O
had O
nothing O
to O
do O
" O
with O
the O
morals O
and O
values O
of O
noble O
Iraqis B-MISC
, O
" O
INA B-ORG
said O
. O

Ambassador O
Abdulsamad B-PER
Hameed I-PER
Ali I-PER
told O
INA B-ORG
there O
was O
only O
one O
diplomat O
among O
the O
199 O
passengers O
and O
crew O
on O
the O
Sudan B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
Airbus B-MISC
. O

" O
He O
was O
not O
involved O
... O

on O
the O
contrary O
he O
was O
harassed O
by O
the O
elements O
which O
carried O
out O
the O
hijacking O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

INA B-ORG
did O
not O
say O
the O
hijackers O
were O
Iraqis B-MISC
. O

The O
hijack O
started O
when O
the O
flight O
left O
Khartoum B-LOC
for O
Amman B-LOC
on O
Monday O
night O
. O

The O
hijackers O
told O
the O
crew O
they O
had O
grenades O
and O
other O
explosives O
and O
threatened O
to O
blow O
up O
the O
plane O
if O
they O
were O
not O
taken O
to O
London B-LOC
. O

The O
airliner O
refuelled O
at O
Larnaca B-LOC
, O
Cyprus B-LOC
and O
landed O
at O
London B-LOC
's O
Stansted B-LOC
airport O
in O
the O
early O
hours O
of O
Tuesday O
. O

Seven O
Iraqi B-MISC
suspected O
hijackers O
surrendered O
and O
British B-MISC
police O
said O
they O
had O
apparently O
asked O
for O
political O
asylum O
. O

Several O
had O
brought O
their O
families O
along O
, O
including O
children O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dole B-PER
blasts O
Clinton B-PER
for O
ignoring O
teen O
drug O
use O
. O

Judith B-PER
Crosson I-PER

VENTURA B-LOC
, O
Calif. B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Republican B-MISC
presidential O
candidate O
Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
Wednesday O
accused O
the O
Clinton B-PER
administration O
of O
ignoring O
drug O
use O
among O
teenagers O
and O
said O
if O
elected O
he O
would O
use O
the O
National B-ORG
Guard I-ORG
to O
stop O
drugs O
from O
entering O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

" O
He O
'll O
probably O
mention O
his O
war O
on O
drugs O
, O
which O
he O
's O
going O
to O
start O
like O
everything O
else O
-- O
next O
year O
. O

It O
's O
too O
late O
, O
Mr. O
President O
, O
" O
Dole B-PER
told O
an O
outdoor O
crowd O
of O
several O
hundred O
at O
a O
private O
religious O
school O
. O

He O
also O
commented O
briefly O
on O
published O
reports O
that O
the O
administration O
was O
planning O
to O
announce O
a O
plan O
to O
lower O
capital O
gains O
taxes O
for O
home O
sales O
. O
" O

Welcome O
to O
the O
club O
. O

We O
've O
had O
it O
out O
there O
for O
weeks O
and O
weeks O
and O
weeks O
, O
" O
Dole B-PER
said O
. O

Dole B-PER
said O
former O
first O
lady O
Nancy B-PER
Reagan I-PER
was O
laughed O
at O
with O
her O
" O
just O
say O
no O
" O
anti-drug O
message O
. O
" O

But O
it O
worked O
, O
" O
Dole B-PER
said O
. O

Meanwhile O
, O
in O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
, O
Dole B-PER
's O
running O
mate O
, O
Jack B-PER
Kemp I-PER
, O
campaigned O
aggressively O
for O
the O
black O
vote O
in O
an O
area O
that O
was O
the O
flashpoint O
of O
the O
1992 O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
riots O
. O

Kemp B-PER
told O
a O
crowd O
of O
about O
300 O
African B-MISC
Americans I-MISC
in O
south O
central O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
, O
" O
Keep O
your O
eyes O
open O
, O
keep O
your O
ears O
open O
, O
keep O
your O
heart O
open O
. O

I O
want O
to O
tell O
you O
with O
all O
my O
heart O
that O
we O
want O
to O
win O
your O
vote O
. O
" O

In O
Dole B-PER
's O
address O
to O
a O
group O
that O
was O
largely O
white O
, O
the O
presidential O
nominee O
likened O
the O
stream O
of O
illegal O
drugs O
into O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
to O
missiles O
aimed O
at O
American B-MISC
children O
and O
promised O
to O
appoint O
federal O
judges O
who O
would O
be O
tough O
on O
illegal O
drug O
use O
. O

" O
They O
're O
aiming O
millions O
and O
millions O
of O
missiles O
right O
at O
these O
young O
people O
, O
whether O
it O
's O
a O
needle O
, O
whether O
it O
's O
a O
cigarette O
, O
whatever O
the O
delivery O
system O
is O
-- O
it O
's O
poison O
and O
it O
's O
got O
to O
stop O
in O
America B-LOC
. O
" O

he O
said O
. O

Dole B-PER
said O
70 O
percent O
of O
the O
cocaine O
that O
entered O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
and O
40 O
percent O
of O
the O
marijuana O
came O
from O
Mexico B-LOC
. O
" O

We O
've O
got O
an O
international O
problem O
and O
I O
'm O
prepared O
to O
use O
our O
military O
might O
. O

We O
want O
to O
stop O
drugs O
at O
the O
border O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Dole B-PER
's O
remarks O
prompted O
questions O
about O
whether O
he O
was O
seeking O
a O
ban O
on O
cigarettes O
. O
" O

I O
did O
n't O
say O
anything O
about O
cigarettes O
. O

I O
was O
talking O
about O
drugs O
. O

I O
said O
you O
should O
n't O
smoke O
either O
. O

That O
's O
all O
I O
said O
, O
" O
he O
replied O
as O
he O
was O
shaking O
hands O
with O
well-wishers O
. O

When O
asked O
specifically O
if O
he O
was O
suggesting O
a O
ban O
on O
cigarettes O
, O
Dole B-PER
replied O
: O
" O
Oh O
no O
. O

Come O
on O
, O
you O
know O
better O
than O
that O
. O
" O

Dole B-PER
campaign O
aides O
said O
the O
candidate O
was O
telling O
young O
people O
not O
to O
smoke O
. O

Dole B-PER
also O
said O
he O
opposed O
California B-MISC
Proposition I-MISC
215 I-MISC
which O
, O
if O
approved O
by O
voters O
, O
would O
allow O
the O
cultivation O
of O
marijuana O
plants O
for O
medicinal O
uses O
. O

Dole B-PER
said O
the O
initiative O
would O
allow O
marijuana O
to O
be O
used O
for O
anything O
from O
a O
headache O
to O
an O
ingrown O
toenail O
. O

In O
an O
effort O
to O
paint O
the O
drug O
issue O
in O
non-political O
terms O
, O
Dole B-PER
said O
three O
times O
during O
his O
20-minute O
address O
that O
illegal O
drug O
use O
was O
neither O
a O
Democratic B-MISC
nor O
a O
Republican B-MISC
issue O
but O
one O
that O
involves O
all O
people O
. O

The O
anti-drug O
message O
is O
a O
theme O
Dole B-PER
feels O
has O
strong O
voter O
appeal O
. O

On O
Sunday O
near O
Chicago B-LOC
he O
accused O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
of O
" O
raising O
the O
white O
flag O
" O
in O
the O
war O
on O
drugs O
. O

A O
recent O
survey O
showed O
that O
illegal O
drug O
use O
among O
12-17 O
year-olds O
had O
doubled O
in O
the O
past O
four O
years O
. O

Dole B-PER
was O
flanked O
by O
several O
California B-LOC
Republican B-MISC
politicians O
including O
Gov O
. O

Pete B-PER
Wilson I-PER
, O
who O
said O
local O
and O
state O
governments O
cannot O
fight O
illegal O
drugs O
alone O
. O

" O
We O
need O
all O
the O
help O
we O
can O
get O
. O

We O
need O
to O
get O
the O
kind O
of O
help O
we O
used O
to O
get O
when O
Ronald B-PER
Reagan I-PER
and O
George B-PER
Bush I-PER
were O
in O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
, O
" O
Wilson B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BALANCE-Water B-MISC
Dist I-MISC
1 I-MISC
Johnson B-LOC
Cty I-LOC
, O
Kan B-LOC
. O

, O
at O
$ O
11 O
mln O
. O

WATER B-MISC
DISTRICT I-MISC
1 I-MISC
OF O
JOHNSON B-ORG
CO I-ORG
. O

, O
KS B-LOC

RE O
: O
$ O
45,020,000 O

WATER O
REVENUE O
BONDS O

$ O
22,040,000 O
SER O
. O

1996A O

$ O
22,980,000 O
RFDG O
, O
SER O
. O

1996B O

MOODY B-ORG
'S I-ORG
: O
Aa O
S&P B-ORG
: O
AA+ O

Delivery O
Date O
: O
09/05/1996 O
( O
FIRM O
) O

06/01 O
12/01 O

MATURITY O
SER O
A O
SER O
B O
SER O
A O
SER O
B O

------------------------------------------------------------- O

1998 O
665M O
840M O
570M O

2000 O
- O
- O
605M O

2001 O
- O
70M O
- O

2002 O
- O
895M O
600M O

2003 O
705M O
- O
795M O

2004 O
655M O
90M O
965M O

2009 O
65M O
- O
- O

2010 O
60M O
- O
100M O

2011 O
30M O
- O
90M O

2012 O
20M O
- O
35M O

TOTAL O
: O
11,450 O

A.G. B-ORG
Edwards I-ORG
& I-ORG
Sons I-ORG
, I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

-- O
U.S. B-ORG
Municipal I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1650 O

-DOCSTART- O

CME B-ORG
lumber O
futures O
close O
lower O
on O
profit O
taking O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Profit O
taking O
continued O
to O
weigh O
on O
CME B-ORG
lumber O
futures O
but O
prices O
ended O
only O
slightly O
lower O
as O
strong O
cash O
markets O
underpinned O
futures O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

The O
same O
pattern O
of O
the O
past O
few O
days O
persisted O
with O
futures O
declining O
early O
on O
the O
profit O
taking O
before O
firming O
late O
. O

There O
was O
cash-related O
buying O
late O
from O
people O
who O
want O
to O
take O
delivery O
of O
the O
September O
contract O
, O
they O
said O
. O

Cash O
sources O
noted O
that O
although O
the O
cash O
market O
is O
generally O
quiet O
, O
prices O
remain O
firm O
on O
demand O
for O
prompt O
delivery O
wood O
, O
they O
added O
. O

Random O
Lengths O
quoted O
cash O
spruce O
at O
$ O
419 O
per O
tbf O
, O
up O
$ O
5 O
from O
last O
Friday O
and O
$ O
7 O
over O
the O
last O
midweek O
quote O
. O

Reduced O
concern O
over O
Hurricane O
Edouard B-MISC
prompted O
some O
of O
the O
early O
profit O
taking O
. O

Expectations O
the O
storm O
would O
turn O
more O
to O
the O
north O
partly O
eased O
concerns O
, O
they O
said O
. O

Lumber O
closed O
$ O
2.20 O
to O
$ O
0.20 O
per O
tbf O
lower O
with O
September O
off O
$ O
0.70 O
at O
$ O
413.20 O
and O
November O
off O
most O
at O
$ O
369.00 O
per O
tbf O
. O

-- O
Jerry B-PER
Bieszk I-PER
312-408-8725 O

-DOCSTART- O

WHEAT--Rains O
boost O
U.S. B-LOC
HRW O
planting O
prospects O
. O

Greg B-PER
Frost I-PER

KANSAS B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
, O
Mo B-LOC
. O

1996-08-28 O

Above-normal O
summer O
rainfall O
in O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
High B-LOC
Plains I-LOC
has O
produced O
near-ideal O
conditions O
for O
planting O
the O
1997 O
hard O
red O
winter O
wheat O
crop O
, O
analysts O
said O
Wednesday O
. O

From O
central O
Texas B-LOC
north O
to O
Kansas B-LOC
, O
rains O
throughout O
July O
and O
August O
have O
relieved O
most O
of O
the O
drought O
conditions O
that O
plagued O
the O
region O
earlier O
this O
year O
. O

" O
Our O
moisture O
situation O
is O
excellent O
, O
especially O
for O
fall O
planting O
of O
winter O
wheat O
, O
" O
said O
Kim B-PER
Anderson I-PER
, O
extension O
wheat O
marketing O
economist O
at O
Oklahoma B-ORG
State I-ORG
University I-ORG
. O

The O
irony O
of O
the O
above-average O
summer O
rainfall O
was O
not O
lost O
on O
High B-LOC
Plains I-LOC
wheat O
producers O
, O
who O
only O
three O
months O
ago O
were O
caught O
in O
a O
drought O
so O
severe O
that O
old-timers O
likened O
conditions O
to O
the O
" O
Dust B-MISC
Bowl I-MISC
" O
days O
of O
the O
1930s O
. O

" O
It O
's O
definitely O
a O
turnabout O
from O
this O
past O
year O
, O
but O
you O
know O
last O
year O
we O
had O
pretty O
good O
moisture O
about O
this O
time O
of O
year O
, O
and O
then O
about O
October O
1 O
it O
quit O
, O
" O
said O
Mark B-PER
Hodges I-PER
, O
executive O
director O
of O
the O
Oklahoma B-ORG
Wheat I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
. O
" O

Hopefully O
that O
's O
not O
going O
to O
happen O
this O
year O
. O
" O

According O
to O
figures O
released O
by O
the O
Oklahoma B-MISC
Climatological I-MISC
Survey I-MISC
, O
an O
average O
of O
20.19 O
inches O
fell O
across O
the O
state O
between O
March O
1 O
and O
August O
26 O
, O
1996 O
. O

That O
's O
about O
1/2 O
inch O
above O
the O
average O
for O
the O
same O
time O
period O
, O
according O
to O
Howard B-PER
Johnson I-PER
, O
associate O
state O
climatologist O
at O
the O
University B-ORG
of I-ORG
Oklahoma I-ORG
. O

He O
noted O
that O
the O
majority O
of O
that O
20.19 O
inches O
had O
fallen O
since O
July O
. O

As O
an O
example O
of O
just O
how O
dry O
it O
was O
, O
data O
showed O
that O
between O
October O
1 O
, O
1995 O
and O
March O
1 O
, O
1996 O
, O
the O
state O
received O
an O
average O
of O
only O
4.6 O
inches O
of O
rainfall O
. O

In O
northern O
Texas B-LOC
, O
the O
current O
rainfall O
situation O
was O
similar O
to O
most O
of O
Oklahoma B-LOC
, O
said O
Rodney B-PER
Mosier I-PER
, O
executive O
assistant O
for O
the O
Texas B-ORG
Wheat I-ORG
Producers I-ORG
. O

" O
Up O
here O
in O
the O
Texas B-LOC
Panhandle I-LOC
, O
we O
've O
had O
some O
extremely O
beneficial O
rains O
that O
came O
through O
within O
the O
last O
several O
days O
and O
are O
really O
setting O
us O
up O
for O
ideal O
conditions O
for O
planting O
wheat O
, O
" O
Mosier B-PER
said O
. O

But O
he O
warned O
that O
the O
situation O
was O
not O
as O
ideal O
in O
central O
and O
southern O
Texas B-LOC
, O
where O
mositure O
levels O
were O
still O
short O
despite O
the O
rains O
brought O
by O
Hurricane O
Dolly B-MISC
last O
week O
. O

In O
Kansas B-LOC
, O
typically O
the O
number O
one O
U.S. B-LOC
hard O
red O
winter O
wheat O
producer O
, O
topsoil O
moisture O
levels O
were O
rated O
mostly O
adequate O
during O
the O
week O
ended O
Sunday O
, O
according O
to O
the O
state O
's O
agricultural O
statistics O
service O
. O

In O
its O
weekly O
report O
released O
Monday O
, O
the O
service O
said O
Kansas B-LOC
topsoil O
moisture O
was O
rated O
eight O
percent O
surplus O
, O
77 O
percent O
adequate O
and O
15 O
percent O
short O
to O
very O
short O
. O

Oklahoma B-LOC
's O
Agricultural B-ORG
Statistics I-ORG
Service I-ORG
showed O
similar O
conditions O
, O
rating O
topsoil O
moisture O
levels O
as O
seven O
percent O
surplus O
, O
81 O
percent O
adequate O
and O
12 O
percent O
short O
to O
very O
short O
. O

Data O
on O
topsoil O
moisture O
ratings O
were O
not O
released O
by O
the O
Texas B-ORG
Agricultural I-ORG
Statistics I-ORG
Service I-ORG
. O

-- O
Greg B-PER
Frost I-PER
, O
816 O
561-8671 O

-DOCSTART- O

First B-ORG
Union I-ORG
National I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Fla. I-ORG
settles O
suit O
. O

JACKSONVILLE B-LOC
, O
Fla. B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

First B-ORG
Union I-ORG
National I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Florida I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
it O
agreed O
to O
settle O
a O
class O
action O
law O
suit O
involving O
its O
collateral O
protection O
insurance O
( O
CPI B-MISC
) O
program O
. O

To O
provide O
for O
the O
settlements O
, O
First B-ORG
Union I-ORG
has O
established O
a O
common O
fund O
of O
$ O
4.7 O
million O
for O
cash O
refunds O
and O
$ O
19.4 O
million O
in O
credit O
refunds O
for O
outstanding O
CPI B-MISC
balances O
. O

The O
bank O
is O
a O
division O
of O
First B-ORG
Union I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

The O
bank O
said O
most O
of O
the O
charges O
resulted O
from O
loan O
portfolios O
from O
banks O
and O
thrifts O
that O
were O
acquired O
in O
the O
1980s O
. O

First B-ORG
Union I-ORG
said O
it O
has O
discontinued O
CPI B-MISC
as O
an O
element O
of O
its O
motor O
vehicle O
or O
boat O
installment O
loan O
contracts O
. O

As O
part O
of O
the O
settlement O
agreement O
, O
customers O
who O
had O
CPI B-MISC
placed O
on O
loans O
from O
January O
1 O
, O
1986 O
to O
September O
31 O
, O
1996 O
, O
will O
receive O
cash O
or O
credit O
refunds O
, O
the O
bank O
said O
. O

Cash O
refunds O
will O
go O
to O
those O
who O
paid O
their O
loans O
to O
First B-ORG
Union I-ORG
while O
credit O
refunds O
will O
go O
to O
those O
who O
have O
existing O
loan O
balances O
, O
the O
bank O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Amoco B-ORG
says O
in O
talks O
over O
Yemen B-LOC
oil O
acreage O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Amoco B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
officials O
said O
the O
company O
is O
in O
talks O
over O
crude O
oil O
production O
sharing O
in O
Yemen B-LOC
, O
but O
declined O
to O
comment O
on O
a O
published O
report O
Amoco B-ORG
had O
reached O
preliminary O
agreement O
on O
a O
block O
in O
the O
Shabwa B-LOC
area O
. O

" O
We O
've O
been O
asked O
( O
by O
Yemen B-LOC
) O
not O
to O
comment O
( O
on O
the O
talks O
) O
, O
" O
said O
Amoco B-ORG
spokesman O
Dan B-PER
Dietsch I-PER
. O
" O

We O
can O
neither O
confirm O
nor O
deny O
that O
report O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

According O
to O
Middle B-MISC
East I-MISC
Economic I-MISC
Survey I-MISC
( O
MEES B-MISC
) O
, O
Yemen B-LOC
and O
Amoco B-ORG
signed O
a O
" O
memorandum O
of O
understanding O
" O
for O
a O
production-sharing O
agreement O
in O
Shabwa B-MISC
Block I-MISC
No I-MISC
. I-MISC

S-1 B-MISC
in O
the O
former O
South B-LOC
Yemen I-LOC
, O
which O
united O
with O
North B-LOC
Yemen I-LOC
in O
1990 O
. O

According O
to O
another O
Amoco B-ORG
official O
, O
the O
company O
is O
not O
exploring O
now O
for O
oil O
anywhere O
in O
Yemen B-LOC
. O

The O
officials O
said O
Amoco B-ORG
was O
deferring O
to O
the O
Yemeni B-MISC
Ministry B-ORG
of I-ORG
Petroleum I-ORG
and I-ORG
Minerals I-ORG
for O
any O
specific O
comments O
on O
the O
Amoco-Yemen B-MISC
talks O
. O

The O
former O
Soviet B-LOC
Union I-LOC
was O
displaced O
as O
contractor O
of O
the O
potentially O
rich O
Shabwa B-LOC
oilfields O
once O
it O
collapsed O
in O
December O
1991 O
, O
according O
to O
the O
International B-MISC
Petroleum I-MISC
Encyclopedia I-MISC
. O

-- O
Oliver B-PER
Ludwig I-PER
, O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Energy I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
+1 O
212 O
859 O
1633 O

-DOCSTART- O

Burundi B-LOC
defends O
military O
regime O
to O
hostile O
UN B-ORG
. O

Evelyn B-PER
Leopold I-PER

UNITED B-ORG
NATIONS I-ORG
1996-08-28 O

Burundi B-LOC
's O
ambassador O
on O
Wednesday O
lashed O
out O
at O
economic O
sanctions O
imposed O
by O
African B-MISC
states O
and O
said O
any O
thought O
of O
an O
arms O
embargo O
would O
be O
a O
windfall O
for O
guerrillas O
fighting O
his O
army-run O
government O
. O

In O
a O
lengthy O
debate O
on O
Burundi B-LOC
before O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
Security I-ORG
Council I-ORG
, O
Ambassador O
Nsanze B-PER
Terence I-PER
said O
the O
new O
military O
government O
took O
over O
to O
stabilise O
the O
country O
and O
wanted O
negotiations O
under O
former O
Tanzanian B-MISC
President O
Julius B-PER
Nyrere I-PER
. O

Nearly O
every O
African B-MISC
member O
who O
spoke O
, O
as O
well O
as O
most O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
members O
, O
however O
, O
were O
unsympathetic O
towards O
the O
government O
of O
President O
Pierre B-PER
Buyoya I-PER
, O
an O
army O
major O
put O
in O
power O
in O
a O
July O
coup O
by O
the O
Tutsi-run B-MISC
military O
, O
which O
is O
locked O
in O
a O
guerrilla O
war O
with O
the O
majority O
Hutus B-MISC
. O

" O
These O
( O
African B-MISC
) O
brothers O
should O
have O
been O
the O
first O
to O
bind O
the O
wounds O
of O
Burundi B-LOC
, O
" O
Terence B-PER
said O
of O
the O
economic O
embargo O
. O
" O

Quite O
the O
contrary O
, O
Burundi B-LOC
has O
seen O
economic O
war O
declared O
against O
it O
by O
fellow O
African B-MISC
people O
... O
a O
gratuitous O
immolation O
of O
the O
people O
of O
Burundi B-LOC
. O
" O

He O
said O
his O
government O
had O
just O
asked O
U.N. B-ORG
human O
rights O
monitors O
to O
increase O
their O
numbers O
in O
Burundi B-LOC
in O
an O
effort O
" O
to O
put O
an O
end O
to O
this O
vicious O
circle O
of O
violence O
. O
" O

More O
than O
150,000 O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
violence O
between O
the O
minority O
Tutsis B-MISC
and O
the O
majority O
Hutus B-MISC
since O
1993 O
. O

Botswana B-LOC
's O
envoy O
, O
Mothusi B-PER
Nkgowe I-PER
, O
said O
coups O
should O
be O
relegated O
" O
to O
the O
dump O
heap O
of O
history O
" O
as O
there O
could O
be O
no O
justification O
for O
the O
overthrow O
of O
a O
legitimate O
government O
. O

Chile B-LOC
has O
proposed O
a O
resolution O
, O
still O
under O
discussion O
, O
that O
would O
impose O
an O
immediate O
arms O
embargo O
on O
Burundi B-LOC
and O
call O
for O
negotiations O
. O

The O
draft O
suggests O
further O
sanctions O
against O
those O
who O
impede O
a O
political O
solution O
. O

Among O
the O
council O
's O
five O
permanent O
members O
, O
Russia B-LOC
and O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
appeared O
to O
support O
most O
elements O
of O
the O
Chilean B-MISC
proposal O
, O
while O
Britain B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
and O
China B-LOC
were O
cautious O
. O

Terence B-PER
, O
a O
Tutsi B-MISC
, O
said O
any O
arms O
embargo O
would O
leave O
the O
army O
unable O
to O
defend O
itself O
against O
Hutu B-MISC
guerrillas O
and O
leave O
the O
population O
exposed O
to O
" O
armed O
terroritsts O
. O
" O

But O
Chilean B-MISC
Ambassador O
Juan B-PER
Somavia I-PER
said O
: O
" O
Every O
weapon O
that O
reached O
Burundi B-LOC
is O
a O
weapon O
aimed O
mainly O
at O
killing O
an O
unarmed O
civilian O
. O

We O
must O
not O
send O
a O
signal O
different O
from O
the O
African B-MISC
leaders O
themselves O
. O

Inaction O
is O
becoming O
the O
worst O
possible O
course O
of O
action O
. O
" O

Burundi B-LOC
's O
parliament O
has O
been O
suspended O
and O
political O
parties O
are O
banned O
but O
Terence B-PER
told O
reporters O
Buyoya B-PER
would O
reconvene O
a O
new O
type O
of O
national O
assembly O
in O
October O
. O

The O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
said O
the O
coup O
leaders O
had O
taken O
no O
steps O
to O
restore O
democracy O
and O
indiscriminate O
killings O
continued O
. O

Ambassador O
Karl B-PER
Inderfurth I-PER
said O
the O
new O
government O
should O
have O
" O
unconditional O
" O
negotiations O
with O
all O
parties O
inside O
and O
outside O
of O
the O
country O
. O

He O
said O
Washington B-LOC
strongly O
supported O
the O
economic O
sanctions O
imposed O
already O
and O
if O
these O
did O
not O
work O
the O
council O
would O
consider O
" O
an O
arms O
embargo O
or O
targeted O
sanctions O
against O
faction O
leaders O
. O
" O

But O
he O
said O
the O
international O
community O
had O
to O
be O
prepared O
for O
the O
worst O
and O
avoid O
a O
replay O
of O
the O
horrors O
in O
neighbouring O
Rwanda B-LOC
, O
where O
widespread O
genocide O
broke O
out O
against O
the O
Tutsis B-MISC
two O
years O
ago O
. O

He O
again O
said O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
should O
draw O
up O
contingency O
plans O
for O
a O
rapid O
humanitarian O
intervention O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Swiss B-MISC
arrest O
Rwandan B-MISC
on O
genocide O
suspicion O
. O

BERNE B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Swiss B-MISC
authorities O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
they O
had O
arrested O
a O
former O
Rwandan B-MISC
mayor O
, O
now O
living O
in O
Switzerland B-LOC
, O
on O
suspicion O
of O
violating O
human O
rights O
during O
the O
genocide O
in O
his O
country O
in O
1994 O
. O

The O
Defence B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
investigations O
were O
still O
in O
the O
preliminary O
stage O
but O
it O
was O
cooperating O
closely O
with O
police O
in O
the O
cantons O
of O
Geneva B-LOC
and O
Freiburg B-LOC
. O

It O
did O
not O
identify O
the O
man O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

OPTIONS O
-- O
EOE B-ORG
options O
volumes O
- O
close O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

1605 O
GMT B-MISC

CALLS O
PUTS O
PCT O
OF O
TOTAL O

TOTAL O
VOLUME O
-- O
83,008 O
60,131 O
22,877 O
-- O

FEATURES O
- O
AEX B-MISC
INDEX O
7,391 O
5,658 O
15.72 O

- O
AHOLD B-ORG
7,190 O
1,123 O
10.01 O

- O
BOLSWESSANEN B-ORG
4,420 O
705 O
6.17 O

- O
ABN B-ORG
AMRO I-ORG
3,003 O
1,940 O
5.95 O

- O
ING B-ORG
3,853 O
673 O
5.45 O

- O
VNU B-ORG
3,060 O
843 O
4.70 O

-- O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsdesk O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O
( O
Fax O
020-504-5040 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

French B-MISC
tax O
office O
sucks O
in O
money O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Workers O
fixing O
the O
ceiling O
of O
a O
tax O
office O
in O
Paris B-LOC
found O
a O
dozen O
seven-year-old O
cheques O
for O
a O
total O
of O
six O
million O
francs O
( O
$ O
1.2 O
million O
) O
in O
a O
ventilation O
pipe O
, O
the O
weekly O
Le B-ORG
Canard I-ORG
Enchaine I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

A O
Finance B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
official O
explained O
that O
the O
cheques O
for O
corporate O
tax O
payments O
had O
been O
sucked O
into O
the O
ventilation O
system O
, O
the O
weekly O
reported O
. O

The O
companies O
had O
been O
contacted O
at O
the O
time O
and O
had O
not O
been O
fined O
for O
failing O
to O
pay O
, O
the O
official O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Swiss B-MISC
bond O
market O
closing O
report O
. O

ZURICH B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Swiss B-MISC
bonds O
ended O
mostly O
higher O
in O
generally O
quiet O
activity O
, O
with O
the O
September O
confederate O
bond O
futures O
contract O
holding O
just O
above O
113.00 O
. O

" O
Today O
was O
very O
quiet O
after O
a O
lot O
of O
activity O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
" O
said O
one O
Swiss B-MISC
bond O
futures O
trader O
. O

He O
said O
the O
market O
began O
strong O
, O
gave O
up O
some O
gains O
at O
midday O
and O
then O
was O
able O
to O
recover O
back O
at O
the O
close O
, O
but O
all O
on O
light O
volume O
. O

In O
the O
primary O
market O
, O
Eksportfinans B-ORG
and O
Suedwest B-ORG
LB I-ORG
launched O
issues O
for O
100 O
million O
and O
300 O
million O
Swiss B-MISC
francs O
, O
respectively O
. O

Eksportfinans B-ORG
' O
seven-year O
issue O
was O
quoted O
at O
a O
yield O
of O
3.98 O
percent O
, O
and O
Suedwest B-ORG
LB I-ORG
's O
five-year O
issue O
was O
quoted O
at O
3.60 O
percent O
. O

Swiss B-MISC
money O
market O
rates O
remained O
lower O
at O
around O
1.75 O
percent O
offered O
. O

As O
to O
fundamentals O
, O
economists O
at O
Credit B-ORG
Suisse I-ORG
said O
they O
expect O
the O
country O
's O
gross O
domestic O
product O
to O
be O
flat O
to O
negative O
in O
1996 O
, O
and O
to O
grow O
only O
0.6 O
percent O
in O
1997 O
. O

The O
Swiss B-MISC
government O
also O
said O
Wednesday O
it O
had O
made O
progress O
in O
cutting O
Switzerland B-LOC
's O
projected O
spending O
for O
1997 O
. O

Switzerland B-LOC
reports O
July O
consumer O
prices O
later O
this O
week O
. O

Closing O
prices O
as O
follows O
: O

Sept O
conf O
bond O
up O
12 O
at O
113.02 O
. O

Sept O
comi O
medium-term O
bond O
up O
three O
at O
109.45 O
. O

Sept O
Euro B-MISC
Swiss I-MISC
francs O
up O
three O
at O
97.82 O
. O

-- O
Cash O
: O

4-1/2 O
Apr O
2006 O
bond O
101.80 O
/ O
90 O
yield O
4.252 O
pct O

-- O
Zurich B-ORG
Editorial I-ORG
, O
+41 O
1 O
631 O
7340 O

-DOCSTART- O

Anti-Bhutto B-MISC
rally O
draws O
about O
8,000 O
in O
Karachi B-LOC
. O

KARACHI B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

About O
8,000 O
protesters O
marched O
through O
Karachi B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
demanding O
the O
removal O
of O
Pakistani B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Benazir B-PER
Bhutto I-PER
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

" O
From O
here O
we O
will O
march O
to O
Islamabad B-LOC
and O
by O
God B-PER
we O
will O
not O
let O
Benazir B-PER
and O
( O
Bhutto B-PER
's O
husband O
Asif B-PER
Ali I-PER
) O
Zardari B-PER
escape O
justice O
, O
" O
Nawaz B-PER
Sharif I-PER
, O
leader O
of O
the O
main O
opposition O
Pakistan B-ORG
Muslim I-ORG
League I-ORG
told O
a O
rally O
organised O
by O
a O
16-party O
alliance O
. O

Sharif B-PER
accused O
Bhutto B-PER
of O
corruption O
and O
nepotism O
, O
charges O
she O
has O
denied O
in O
the O
past O
. O

Witnesses O
said O
protesters O
carrying O
colourful O
party O
flags O
walked O
for O
several O
miles O
, O
chanting O
anti-government O
slogans O
. O

The O
event O
was O
part O
of O
an O
opposition O
campaign O
launched O
on O
August O
14 O
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
's O
independence O
day O
. O

Sharif B-PER
said O
similar O
rallies O
would O
be O
held O
in O
the O
Balochistan B-LOC
provincial O
capital O
Quetta B-LOC
and O
the O
Punjab B-LOC
provincial O
capital O
Lahore B-LOC
before O
an O
opposition O
march O
on O
the O
capital O
Islamabad B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
promise O
the O
people O
of O
Karachi B-LOC
that O
those O
responsible O
for O
the O
extra-judicial O
killing O
of O
innocent O
youths O
would O
not O
be O
spared O
, O
" O
Sharif B-PER
said O
. O

Karachi B-LOC
's O
ethnic O
Mohajir B-ORG
National I-ORG
Movement I-ORG
( O
MQM B-ORG
) O
accuses O
the O
government O
of O
killing O
many O
of O
its O
militants O
in O
cold O
blood O
. O

The O
government O
has O
denied O
the O
charge O
and O
blames O
the O
MQM B-ORG
for O
much O
of O
the O
violence O
that O
killed O
2,000 O
people O
in O
the O
city O
last O
year O
. O

Political O
observers O
said O
the O
turn-out O
was O
disappointing O
for O
a O
city O
of O
about O
12 O
million O
people O
, O
possibly O
indicating O
that O
the O
MQM B-ORG
, O
although O
a O
member O
of O
the O
opposition O
alliance O
, O
had O
not O
mobilised O
its O
supporters O
for O
the O
event O
. O

The O
turbulent O
southern O
port O
has O
been O
calmer O
this O
year O
, O
but O
police O
say O
more O
than O
300 O
people O
have O
died O
in O
political O
unrest O
. O

The O
MQM B-ORG
speaks O
for O
Urdu-speaking B-MISC
Moslems I-MISC
who O
migrated O
from O
India B-LOC
at O
Partition B-LOC
in O
1947 O
and O
their O
descendants O
. O

Sharif B-PER
, O
a O
former O
prime O
minister O
, O
is O
the O
main O
political O
rival O
of O
Bhutto B-PER
, O
who O
defeated O
him O
in O
the O
October O
1993 O
election O
. O

He O
said O
only O
the O
removal O
of O
the O
government O
and O
an O
early O
election O
could O
save O
Pakistan B-LOC
from O
disaster O
. O
" O

We O
will O
dislodge O
the O
Bhutto B-PER
government O
. O

It O
is O
a O
holy O
war O
for O
us O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Bhutto B-PER
has O
vowed O
to O
complete O
her O
five-year O
term O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

India B-LOC
ACC B-ORG
Apr-Jul O
' O
96 O
sales O
, O
output O
up O
. O

BOMBAY B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

India B-LOC
's O
leading O
cement O
firm O
Associated B-ORG
Cement I-ORG
Companies I-ORG
( O
ACC B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
its O
cement O
sales O
rose O
to O
3.1 O
million O
tonnes O
in O
April-July O
1996 O
from O
2.93 O
million O
a O
year O
ago O
. O

ACC B-ORG
Chairman O
Nani B-PER
Palkhivala I-PER
told O
shareholders O
at O
the O
firm O
's O
annual O
meeting O
cement O
output O
rose O
to O
3.14 O
million O
tonnes O
in O
the O
first O
quarter O
of O
1996/97 O
( O
April-March O
) O
, O
from O
3.01 O
million O
a O
year O
ago O
. O

Palkhivala B-PER
said O
ACC B-ORG
had O
secured O
government O
approval O
to O
take O
over O
a O
sick O
cement O
firm O
with O
a O
grinding O
capacity O
of O
275,000 O
tonnes O
per O
year O
. O
" O

We O
will O
take O
it O
over O
early O
next O
month O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Talking O
about O
the O
cement O
industry O
in O
general O
, O
Palkhivala B-PER
said O
Indian B-MISC
production O
rose O
by O
about O
10 O
percent O
in O
1995/96 O
. O

" O
The O
industry O
saw O
capacity O
expansion O
of O
about O
13 O
percent O
over O
1994/95 O
from O
77.79 O
million O
tonnes O
to O
87.45 O
million O
tonnes O
, O
" O
Palkhivala B-PER
told O
shareholders O
. O

He O
said O
Indian B-MISC
cement O
exports O
dropped O
about O
eight O
percent O
from O
the O
previous O
year O
because O
of O
stiff O
international O
competition O
and O
inadequate O
infrastructural O
facilities O
. O

ACC B-ORG
's O
own O
export O
performance O
was O
marginally O
better O
than O
in O
1994/95 O
on O
account O
of O
a O
36 O
percent O
rise O
in O
exports O
to O
Nepal B-LOC
and O
the O
opening O
of O
a O
new O
market O
- O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
, O
he O
said O
. O

Despite O
power O
shortages O
, O
ACC B-ORG
achieved O
a O
satisfactory O
growth O
in O
production O
during O
the O
year O
with O
the O
help O
of O
its O
power O
plants O
. O

ACC B-ORG
sold O
9.4 O
million O
tonnes O
in O
1995/96 O
, O
retaining O
its O
top O
position O
in O
the O
Indian B-MISC
cement O
industry O
, O
Palkhivala B-PER
said O
. O

-- O
Bombay B-LOC
newsroom O
+91-22-265 O
9000 O

-DOCSTART- O

Belgium B-LOC
bank O
sanctions O
$ O
6.5 O
mln O
loan O
to O
India B-LOC
WSRL B-ORG
. O

BOMBAY B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Belgium B-LOC
's O
Kredietbank B-ORG
has O
approved O
a O
$ O
6.5 O
million O
loan O
to O
India B-LOC
's O
Welspun B-ORG
Stahl I-ORG
Rohren I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
( O
WSRL B-ORG
) O
to O
part-finance O
its O
submerged O
arc O
welded O
pipes O
plant O
, O
the O
Indian B-MISC
company O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
loan O
is O
at O
LIBOR B-MISC
plus O
one O
percent O
, O
it O
said O
. O

The O
loan O
, O
maturing O
in O
six O
years O
, O
is O
guaranteed O
by O
Indusind B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
for O
$ O
3.5 O
million O
and O
by O
UTI B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
for O
$ O
3 O
million O
, O
it O
said O
. O

The O
WSRL B-ORG
plant O
, O
located O
in O
the O
western O
Indian B-MISC
state O
of O
Gujarat B-LOC
, O
will O
have O
a O
capacity O
to O
manufacture O
175,000 O
tonnes O
per O
annum O
of O
longitudinal O
pipes O
and O
25,000 O
tonnes O
per O
annum O
of O
spiral O
welded O
pipes O
, O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

The O
longitudinal O
pipes O
plant O
is O
expected O
to O
be O
complete O
by O
the O
second O
quarter O
of O
September O
1997 O
and O
the O
saw O
arc O
welded O
pipes O
plant O
by O
September O
1996 O
, O
it O
said O
. O

WSRL B-ORG
is O
part O
of O
the O
Welspun B-ORG
group O
which O
has O
a O
presence O
in O
the O
cotton O
yarn O
, O
terry O
towels O
and O
polyester O
yarn O
industry O
, O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

-- O
Bombay B-LOC
newsroom O
+91-22-265 O
9000 O

-DOCSTART- O

India B-LOC
fishermen O
say O
forced O
to O
carry O
Tamil B-MISC
refugees O
. O

P.V. B-PER
Krishnamoorthy I-PER

RAMESWARAM B-LOC
, O
India B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Indian B-MISC
fishermen O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
they O
had O
been O
forced O
at O
gunpoint O
to O
ferry O
refugees O
fleeing O
the O
ethnic O
war O
in O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
to O
India B-LOC
, O
as O
a O
protest O
strike O
by O
more O
than O
30,000 O
fishermen O
entered O
its O
ninth O
day O
. O

" O
There O
is O
little O
we O
can O
do O
when O
at O
mid-sea O
. O

The O
LTTE B-ORG
( O
Liberation B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
of I-ORG
Tamil I-ORG
Eelam I-ORG
) O
accosts O
us O
and O
, O
at O
the O
point O
of O
a O
gun O
, O
forces O
us O
to O
take O
refugees O
, O
" O
said O
senior O
fishermen O
leader O
P. B-PER
Arulanandam I-PER
. O

Some O
850 O
refugees O
have O
landed O
in O
recent O
weeks O
at O
the O
port O
of O
Rameswaram B-LOC
in O
the O
southern O
Indian B-MISC
state O
of O
Tamil B-LOC
Nadu I-LOC
, O
home O
to O
50 O
million O
Tamil-speaking B-MISC
people O
, O
port O
officials O
say O
. O

Rameswaram B-LOC
is O
15 O
km O
( O
10 O
miles O
) O
off O
the O
coast O
of O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
. O

State O
chief O
minister O
M. B-PER
Karunanidhi I-PER
has O
publicly O
welcomed O
the O
refugees O
, O
who O
are O
fleeing O
the O
13-year O
war O
between O
Tamil B-MISC
separatists O
and O
government O
troops O
that O
Colombo B-LOC
says O
has O
cost O
50,000 O
lives O
. O

But O
the O
influx O
has O
triggered O
fears O
of O
a O
repeat O
of O
the O
1980s O
when O
some O
200,000 O
refugees O
landed O
in O
Tamil B-LOC
Nadu I-LOC
. O

Intelligence O
officals O
said O
more O
than O
5,000 O
Tamils B-MISC
were O
waiting O
on O
the O
western O
coast O
of O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
to O
cross O
into O
India B-LOC
. O

The O
Indian B-MISC
government O
has O
warned O
its O
fishermen O
that O
their O
boats O
would O
be O
impounded O
if O
they O
were O
caught O
ferrying O
refugees O
. O

The O
fishermen O
went O
on O
strike O
last O
week O
to O
protest O
the O
government O
's O
cancellation O
of O
three O
trawlers O
' O
fishing O
licenses O
after O
the O
boats O
were O
caught O
carrying O
Tamil B-MISC
refugees O
. O

All B-ORG
Fishermen I-ORG
's I-ORG
Association I-ORG
secretary O
N.J. B-PER
Bose I-PER
said O
the O
strike O
would O
continue O
indefinitely O
and O
the O
fishermen O
would O
block O
road O
and O
rail O
traffic O
if O
their O
demands O
were O
not O
met O
. O

" O
Until O
the O
government O
releases O
our O
boats O
from O
naval O
custody O
and O
Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
naval O
custody O
, O
and O
gives O
us O
assurance O
( O
it O
will O
not O
revoke O
licences O
of O
boats O
ferrying O
refugees O
) O
, O
we O
will O
not O
call O
off O
our O
strike O
, O
" O
Bose B-PER
said O
. O

LTTE B-ORG
spokesmen O
could O
not O
immediately O
be O
reached O
for O
comment O
, O
but O
Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
fishermen O
denied O
that O
Indians B-MISC
were O
being O
coerced O
into O
carrying O
refugees O
across O
the O
Palk B-LOC
Strait I-LOC
. O

" O
Indian B-MISC
fishermen O
come O
right O
up O
to O
Pesalai B-LOC
to O
fish O
, O
and O
when O
refugees O
request O
them O
to O
ferry O
them O
across O
, O
they O
readily O
oblige O
. O

Only O
some O
take O
money O
, O
" O
Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
boatman O
Chinnathambi B-PER
said O
. O

Arulanandam B-PER
denied O
the O
fishermen O
charged O
the O
refugees O
for O
passage O
to O
India B-LOC
and O
said O
it O
was O
unfair O
to O
penalise O
them O
for O
the O
refugees O
' O
arrival O
. O

" O
We O
have O
not O
gone O
to O
sea O
since O
August O
19 O
, O
but O
refugees O
are O
arriving O
daily O
nevertheless O
. O

How O
could O
we O
alone O
be O
held O
responsible O
for O
the O
influx O
? O
" O

he O
said O
. O

An O
Indian B-ORG
Fisheries I-ORG
Department I-ORG
official O
said O
the O
government O
planned O
to O
urge O
fishermen O
not O
to O
cross O
the O
international O
boundary O
between O
India B-LOC
and O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
, O
but O
admitted O
this O
would O
be O
hard O
to O
enforce O
because O
of O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
's O
pomfret-rich O
waters O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Indian B-MISC
cotton O
trade O
shut O
for O
local O
festival O
. O

BOMBAY B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

India B-LOC
's O
cotton O
trade O
was O
shut O
on O
Wednesday O
for O
a O
local O
religious O
festival O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

Trading O
will O
resume O
on O
Thursday O
. O

On O
Tuesday O
, O
cotton O
prices O
fell O
on O
profit-taking O
prompted O
by O
increased O
offerings O
from O
state O
agencies O
. O

" O
Export O
deals O
remained O
thin O
and O
hardly O
a O
few O
thousand O
bales O
were O
traded O
at O
the O
rate O
of O
57.50 O
/ O
60 O
cents O
per O
pound O
, O
" O
one O
broker O
said O
. O

-- O
Bombay B-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
+91-22-265 O
9000 O

-DOCSTART- O

VW B-ORG
sees O
group O
net O
profit O
doubling O
in O
Q3 O
. O

DRESDEN B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

German B-MISC
carmaker O
Volkswagen B-ORG
AG I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
it O
expected O
group O
net O
profit O
to O
double O
in O
the O
third O
quarter O
. O

" O
We O
have O
been O
seeking O
to O
double O
our O
profits O
( O
during O
the O
period O
) O
and O
we O
are O
confident O
of O
doing O
so O
, O
" O
VW B-ORG
chief O
financial O
officer O
Bruno B-PER
Adelt I-PER
told O
a O
briefing O
as O
part O
of O
the O
formal O
introduction O
of O
the O
new O
VW B-MISC
Passat I-MISC
sedan O
. O

Adelt B-PER
did O
not O
give O
a O
concrete O
forecast O
. O

VW B-ORG
had O
a O
1995 O
third O
quarter O
group O
net O
profit O
of O
72 O
million O
marks O
. O

The O
group O
reported O
a O
1996 O
first-half O
group O
net O
profit O
of O
282 O
million O
marks O
. O

-- O
John B-PER
Gilardi I-PER
, O
Frankfurt B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+49 O
69 O
756525 O

-DOCSTART- O

MILTIADIS B-PER
EVERT I-PER
HEADS O
TO O
ALEXANDROUPOLIS B-LOC
THIS O
WEEKEND O
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Conservative B-ORG
New I-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
( O
ND B-ORG
) O
party O
leader O
Miltiadis B-PER
Evert I-PER
will O
be O
hitting O
the O
campaign O
trail O
and O
head O
to O
Alexandroupolis B-LOC
this O
weekend O
to O
speak O
to O
the O
city O
's O
businessmen O
on O
Sunday O
morning O
, O
ND B-ORG
said O
. O

Evert B-PER
will O
depart O
for O
Alexandroupolis B-LOC
on O
Saturday O
afternoon O
. O

Prime O
Minister O
Costas B-PER
Simitis I-PER
criticized O
Evert B-PER
today O
for O
unleashing O
a O
seven-point O
economic O
package O
that O
offers O
tax O
relief O
to O
merchants O
and O
other O
professionals O
, O
higher O
pensions O
to O
farmers O
and O
support O
for O
small O
business O
. O

The O
finance O
ministry O
estimated O
the O
cost O
of O
ND B-ORG
's O
economic O
measures O
to O
over O
600 O
billion O
drachmas O
but O
ND B-ORG
officials O
put O
the O
figure O
much O
lower O
to O
about O
300 O
billion O
drachmas O
. O

Simitis B-PER
blamed O
ND B-ORG
for O
the O
low O
absorption O
rate O
of O
EU B-ORG
funds O
and O
said O
the O
socialists O
will O
increase O
farmers O
' O
pensions O
, O
combat O
tax O
evasion O
and O
accelerate O
GDP O
growth O
rates O
to O
4.0 O
percent O
in O
a O
few O
years O
. O

Faster O
economic O
growth O
is O
a O
major O
component O
of O
ND B-ORG
's O
economic O
programme O
and O
Evert B-PER
has O
repeatedly O
blamed O
the O
socialists O
for O
the O
slow O
economic O
growth O
. O

-- O
Dimitris B-PER
Kontogiannis I-PER
, O
Athens B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+301 O
3311812-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

Dow B-MISC
pushes O
London B-LOC
stocks O
to O
new O
record O
. O

Peter B-PER
Griffiths I-PER

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
firm O
start O
on O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
helped O
push O
leading O
London B-LOC
shares O
to O
a O
new O
record O
high O
on O
Wednesday O
and O
German B-MISC
stocks O
closed O
floor O
trading O
up O
but O
the O
Paris B-LOC
bourse O
slipped O
sharply O
, O
hit O
by O
a O
weakening O
franc O
and O
fears O
of O
industrial O
unrest O
. O

On O
the O
foreign O
exchange O
markets O
, O
a O
survey O
indicating O
weaker O
than O
expected O
Japanese B-MISC
business O
sentiment O
boosted O
the O
dollar O
in O
early O
trading O
but O
it O
failed O
to O
build O
on O
its O
gains O
against O
the O
yen O
and O
slipped O
lower O
against O
the O
mark O
in O
quiet O
afternoon O
trade O
. O

London B-LOC
shares O
, O
boosted O
by O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
, O
added O
to O
early O
gains O
with O
the O
blue O
chip O
FTSE B-MISC
100 I-MISC
index O
hitting O
a O
new O
peak O
of O
3921.8 O
before O
dropping O
back O
slightly O
. O

One O
focus O
was O
British B-ORG
Airways I-ORG
, O
which O
rebounded O
after O
fears O
faded O
that O
the O
cancellation O
of O
" O
open O
skies O
" O
talks O
between O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Transportation I-ORG
Department I-ORG
and O
the O
British B-MISC
government O
may O
jeopardise O
its O
tie-up O
with O
American B-ORG
Airlines I-ORG
. O

The O
conclusion O
of O
an O
open O
skies O
agreement O
had O
been O
made O
a O
prerequisite O
of O
the O
proposed O
link-up O
by O
the O
U.S B-LOC
. O

Better-than-expected O
British B-MISC
trade O
figures O
had O
little O
impact O
on O
equities O
. O

The O
non-EU B-MISC
July O
trade O
deficit O
totalled O
506 O
million O
sterling O
( O
$ O
788 O
million O
) O
while O
June O
's O
world O
deficit O
was O
1.12 O
billion O
pounds O
. O

Forecasts O
were O
for O
deficits O
of O
900 O
million O
sterling O
and O
1.4 O
billion O
sterling O
. O

German B-MISC
shares O
shed O
some O
gains O
on O
profit-taking O
but O
nonetheless O
ended O
the O
floor O
session O
higher O
buoyed O
by O
demand O
for O
chemical O
stocks O
and O
a O
stable O
dollar O
. O

The O
30-share O
DAX B-MISC
index O
closed O
at O
2,563.16 O
points O
, O
up O
4.32 O
. O

However O
, O
French B-MISC
stocks O
extended O
opening O
losses O
to O
more O
than O
one O
percent O
in O
morning O
trading O
, O
falling O
through O
the O
2000 O
point O
resistance O
level O
on O
the O
main O
CAC-40 B-MISC
index O
. O

Dealers O
blamed O
a O
weakening O
franc O
and O
worries O
about O
the O
1997 O
budget O
and O
possible O
autumn O
strikes O

Louis B-PER
Viannet I-PER
, O
leader O
of O
France B-LOC
's O
Communist-led B-MISC
CGT B-ORG
union O
, O
criticised O
government O
plans O
for O
spending O
cuts O
in O
the O
1997 O
budget O
on O
Wednesday O
and O
warned O
of O
labour O
unrest O
as O
France B-LOC
gets O
back O
to O
work O
after O
the O
holidays O
. O

Later O
in O
the O
day O
, O
helped O
by O
the O
firmer O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
opening O
, O
Paris B-LOC
climbed O
back O
to O
the O
2000 O
level O
but O
still O
remained O
well O
into O
negative O
territory O
. O

In O
foreign O
exchange O
the O
dollar O
was O
trading O
at O
around O
108.40 O
yen O
in O
the O
European B-MISC
afternoon O
, O
up O
from O
its O
European B-MISC
close O
on O
Tuesday O
of O
107.55 O
but O
off O
the O
day O
's O
highs O
. O

It O
had O
been O
boosted O
overnight O
by O
the O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Japan I-ORG
's O
quarterly O
corporate O
survey O
, O
or O
" O
tankan O
" O
, O
of O
major O
manufacturers O
-- O
an O
important O
gauge O
of O
business O
sentiment O
. O

The O
unexpectedly O
weak O
figures O
convinced O
markets O
that O
Japanese B-MISC
interest O
rates O
would O
stay O
at O
rock-bottom O
levels O
-- O
weakening O
the O
yen O
. O

The O
Japanese B-MISC
discount O
rate O
is O
currently O
at O
a O
record O
low O
of O
0.5 O
percent O
. O

The O
BOJ B-ORG
sought O
to O
put O
the O
best O
face O
on O
the O
data O
which O
defied O
economists O
' O
predictions O
of O
improving O
sentiment O
and O
was O
the O
first O
decline O
in O
business O
sentiment O
in O
a O
year O
. O

A O
BOJ B-ORG
spokesman O
said O
" O
the O
doors O
to O
the O
recovery O
have O
not O
been O
shut O
... O

the O
recovery O
is O
still O
continuing O
. O
" O

These O
remarks O
gave O
the O
yen O
some O
backbone O
and O
the O
dollar O
failed O
to O
progress O
further O
. O

" O
The O
dollar O
's O
gains O
were O
less O
than O
spectacular O
, O
suggesting O
that O
while O
it O
's O
likely O
to O
benefit O
from O
revised O
Japanese B-MISC
rate O
expectations O
, O
a O
breakout O
from O
the O
established O
trading O
range O
does O
n't O
appear O
likely O
, O
" O
said O
currency O
economist O
Klaus B-PER
Baader I-PER
. O

Dealers O
said O
shares O
were O
also O
affected O
by O
a O
slippage O
in O
bond O
prices O
due O
to O
lower O
than O
expected O
June O
industrial O
production O
, O
showing O
the O
economy O
was O
still O
faltering O
. O

CURRENCIES O
AT O
1500 O
GMT B-MISC

The O
dollar O
was O
at O
108.40 O
yen O
and O
1.4765 O
marks O
compared O
with O
Tuesday O
's O
European B-MISC
close O
of O
107.78 O
yen O
and O
1.4779 O
marks O

STOCK O
MARKETS O
AT O
1500 O
GMT B-MISC

The O
Financial B-MISC
Times-Stock I-MISC
Exchange I-MISC
index O
of O
100 O
leading O
British B-MISC
shares O
had O
risen O
15 O
points O
to O
3,920.7 O
. O

In O
Paris B-LOC
, O
the O
CAC-40 B-MISC
share O
index O
dropped O
15.09 O
to O
2,002.9 O
. O

The O
30-share O
DAX B-MISC
index O
in O
Frankfurt B-LOC
closed O
up O
4.32 O
at O
2,563.16 O
. O

PRECIOUS O
METALS O

Gold O
fixed O
at O
$ O
388.50 O
versus O
Tuesday O
's O
London B-LOC
close O
of O
$ O
388.55 O
. O

Silver O
was O
at O
521.15 O
cents O
. O

( O
$ O
1=.6421 O
Sterling O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

AEI B-ORG
's O
Spanish B-MISC
operation O
wins O
ISO B-MISC
9002 I-MISC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Air B-ORG
Express I-ORG
International I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
Spain B-LOC
has O
become O
the O
twenty-second O
country O
in O
its O
network O
to O
achieve O
ISO B-MISC
9002 I-MISC
quality O
accreditation O
. O

It O
added O
Bureau B-ORG
Veritas I-ORG
has O
accredited O
AEI B-ORG
Iberfreight I-ORG
's O
offices O
at O
Alicante B-LOC
, O
Barcelona B-LOC
, O
Bilbao B-LOC
, O
Madrid B-LOC
, O
Seville B-LOC
and O
Valencia B-LOC
as O
meeting O
the O
necessary O
standards O
. O

-- O
Air B-ORG
Cargo I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
Tel+44 O
171 O
542 O
7706 O
Fax+44 O
171 O
542 O
5017 O

-DOCSTART- O

Arafat B-PER
says O
Israel B-LOC
declares O
war O
on O
Palestinians B-MISC
. O

Wafa B-PER
Amr I-PER

RAMALLAH B-LOC
, O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
said O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
Israel B-LOC
had O
declared O
war O
on O
the O
Palestinians B-MISC
and O
called O
for O
the O
first O
general O
strike O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
in O
two O
years O
. O

" O
What O
happened O
concerning O
continuous O
violations O
and O
crimes O
from O
this O
new O
Israeli B-MISC
leadership O
means O
they O
are O
declaring O
a O
state O
of O
war O
against O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
people O
, O
" O
Arafat B-PER
told O
the O
Palestinian B-MISC
legislature O
. O

Accusing O
Israeli B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
of O
stupidity O
, O
Arafat B-PER
launched O
his O
strongest O
attack O
on O
the O
right-wing O
government O
since O
its O
election O
in O
May O
. O

The O
tirade O
was O
sparked O
by O
Israel B-LOC
's O
announcement O
on O
Tuesday O
of O
plans O
to O
expand O
the O
Jewish B-MISC
settlement O
of O
Kiryat B-LOC
Sefer I-LOC
and O
its O
demolishing O
of O
a O
community O
centre O
in O
Arab B-LOC
East I-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
. O

" O
Israel B-LOC
has O
started O
the O
war O
on O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

They O
are O
idiots O
to O
have O
started O
the O
Jerusalem B-LOC
battle O
, O
" O
Arafat B-PER
said O
in O
Arabic B-MISC
. O
" O

There O
will O
be O
no O
Palestinian B-MISC
state O
without O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

Netanyahu B-PER
should O
know O
he O
is O
stupid O
to O
have O
started O
this O
battle O
. O
" O

Arafat B-PER
called O
for O
a O
general O
strike O
" O
for O
Jerusalem B-LOC
" O
on O
Thursday O
in O
all O
of O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
Strip I-LOC
. O

There O
has O
not O
been O
a O
joint O
shutdown O
there O
since O
May O
1994 O
when O
Israeli B-MISC
troops O
began O
withdrawing O
under O
an O
interim O
self-rule O
agreement O
signed O
in O
1993 O
. O

The O
strike O
will O
have O
little O
effect O
on O
the O
Israeli B-MISC
economy O
while O
hurting O
Palestinian B-MISC
merchants O
in O
East B-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
and O
Bethlehem B-LOC
who O
cater O
to O
the O
tourist O
trade O
. O

Some O
25,000 O
Palestinian B-MISC
labourers O
are O
likely O
to O
stay O
away O
from O
their O
jobs O
, O
mainly O
in O
construction O
, O
in O
Israel B-LOC
. O

But O
Palestinians B-MISC
, O
once O
the O
backbone O
of O
the O
building O
industry O
, O
have O
been O
largely O
replaced O
by O
labourers O
from O
Romania B-LOC
and O
China B-LOC
. O

" O
On O
Friday O
, O
all O
Moslems B-MISC
, O
including O
Palestinians B-MISC
in O
Israel B-LOC
... O

will O
go O
to O
( O
Jerusalem B-LOC
's O
) O
Al-Aqsa B-LOC
mosque O
and O
pray O
. O

Jews B-MISC
and O
Christians B-MISC
who O
do O
not O
pray O
should O
accompany O
them O
and O
stand O
behind O
them O
, O
" O
Arafat B-PER
said O
. O

Officials O
in O
Netanyahu B-PER
's O
office O
were O
not O
immediately O
available O
for O
comment O
on O
Arafat B-PER
's O
remarks O
. O

Israeli B-MISC
travel O
restrictions O
, O
imposed O
after O
bombings O
by O
Moslem B-MISC
militants O
in O
February O
and O
March O
, O
ban O
most O
of O
the O
two O
million O
Arabs B-MISC
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
from O
entering O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

Netanyahu B-PER
, O
who O
opposes O
trading O
occupied O
land O
for O
peace O
, O
made O
Jerusalem B-LOC
a O
central O
issue O
in O
his O
election O
campaign O
, O
accusing O
Labour B-ORG
Prime O
Minister O
Shimon B-PER
Peres I-PER
of O
planning O
to O
hand O
control O
of O
the O
Arab B-MISC
eastern O
part O
of O
the O
city O
to O
the O
Palestinians B-MISC
. O

Israel B-LOC
captured O
East B-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
in O
the O
1967 O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
war O
and O
claims O
both O
halves O
of O
the O
city O
as O
its O
capital O
. O

The O
PLO B-ORG
wants O
East B-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
as O
the O
capital O
of O
a O
future O
Palestinian B-MISC
state O
. O

In O
his O
speech O
to O
the O
crowded O
legislature O
, O
Arafat B-PER
signalled O
he O
was O
not O
abandoning O
diplomacy O
although O
" O
alarm O
bells O
are O
ringing O
" O
. O

He O
unexpectedly O
broke O
off O
his O
address O
to O
take O
a O
telephone O
call O
from O
U.S. B-LOC
Middle I-LOC
East I-LOC
envoy O
Dennis B-PER
Ross I-PER
, O
who O
held O
talks O
in O
Paris B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
with O
Israeli B-MISC
and O
Egyptian B-MISC
officials O
. O

When O
Arafat B-PER
returned O
to O
the O
podium O
, O
he O
said O
senior O
PLO B-ORG
negotiator O
Mahmoud B-PER
Abbas I-PER
, O
better O
known O
as O
Abu B-PER
Mazen I-PER
, O
and O
Netanyahu B-PER
aide O
Dore B-PER
Gold I-PER
could O
meet O
on O
Thursday O
. O

He O
quoted O
Ross B-PER
as O
telling O
him O
: O
" O
The O
important O
thing O
is O
the O
Israelis B-MISC
are O
prepared O
to O
move O
. O
" O

Arafat B-PER
said O
he O
replied O
: O
" O
is O
this O
like O
their O
previous O
promises O
? O
" O

" O
No O
, O
they O
have O
good O
intentions O
, O
" O
Arafat B-PER
quoted O
Ross B-PER
as O
saying O
. O

Palestinians B-MISC
have O
been O
pressing O
Israel B-LOC
to O
carry O
out O
a O
long-delayed O
partial O
troop O
pullout O
from O
the O
flashpoint O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
city O
of O
Hebron B-LOC
agreed O
by O
the O
previous O
Labour B-ORG
government O
. O

The O
Israeli B-MISC
government O
is O
studying O
redeployment O
plans O
submitted O
by O
Defence O
Minister O
Yitzhak B-PER
Mordechai I-PER
which O
are O
likely O
to O
demand O
a O
wider O
than O
agreed O
army O
presence O
in O
Hebron B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Turkey B-LOC
's O
Ciller B-PER
to O
hold O
talks O
in O
Jordan B-LOC
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Turkish B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
Tansu B-PER
Ciller I-PER
will O
visit O
Jordan B-LOC
on O
September O
3 O
on O
her O
first O
trip O
abroad O
since O
she O
took O
office O
in O
June O
, O
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
spokesman O
Omer B-PER
Akbel I-PER
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

" O
The O
two-day O
visit O
will O
take O
place O
at O
the O
invitation O
of O
Jordanian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Abdul-Karim B-PER
al-Kabariti I-PER
, O
" O
he O
told O
reporters O
. O

He O
said O
Turkey B-LOC
considered O
Jordan B-LOC
a O
suitable O
country O
with O
which O
to O
cooperate O
on O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
matters O
. O

Bilateral O
relations O
and O
the O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
peace O
process O
would O
be O
on O
the O
table O
during O
the O
visit O
, O
Akbel B-PER
said O
. O

Turkish B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Necmettin B-PER
Erbakan I-PER
visited O
mainly O
Moslem B-MISC
countries O
, O
including O
Iran B-LOC
, O
during O
a O
10-day O
tour O
earlier O
in O
August O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Italian B-MISC
prime O
minister O
to O
visit O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

ANKARA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Italian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Romano B-PER
Prodi I-PER
will O
pay O
a O
one-day O
working O
visit O
to O
Turkey B-LOC
on O
September O
3 O
, O
the O
Turkish B-MISC
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

" O
Both O
countries O
' O
governments O
were O
formed O
recently O
. O

This O
visit O
will O
create O
a O
direct O
contact O
opportunity O
for O
the O
two O
parties O
to O
express O
their O
views O
, O
" O
spokesman O
Omer B-PER
Akbel I-PER
told O
a O
news O
briefing O
. O

The O
Italian B-MISC
prime O
minister O
, O
in O
office O
since O
May O
18 O
, O
will O
be O
the O
first O
Western B-MISC
leader O
to O
meet O
Islamist B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Necmettin B-PER
Erbakan I-PER
since O
he O
came O
to O
power O
on O
June O
28 O
. O

Prodi B-PER
will O
also O
meet O
President O
Suleyman B-PER
Demirel I-PER
and O
Foreign O
Minister O
Tansu B-PER
Ciller I-PER
, O
Akbel B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Turkey B-LOC
says O
25 O
Kurd B-MISC
rebels O
killed O
in O
clashes O
. O

DIYARBAKIR B-LOC
, O
Turkey B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Turkish B-MISC
troops O
killed O
25 O
Kurdish B-MISC
rebels O
in O
recent O
clashes O
in O
the O
east O
of O
the O
country O
, O
security O
officials O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
emergency O
rule O
governor O
's O
office O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
10 O
rebels O
from O
the O
Kurdistan B-ORG
Workers I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
PKK B-ORG
) O
were O
killed O
in O
fighting O
in O
Tunceli B-LOC
province O
. O

Soldiers O
killed O
nine O
more O
PKK B-ORG
guerrillas O
in O
Sirnak B-LOC
province O
and O
six O
in O
Hakkari B-LOC
. O

The O
statement O
did O
not O
report O
any O
military O
casualties O
and O
did O
not O
say O
exactly O
when O
the O
clashes O
took O
place O
. O

Over O
20,000 O
people O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
the O
PKK B-ORG
's O
fight O
for O
independence O
or O
autonomy O
in O
southeastern O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Israel B-LOC
's O
Levy B-PER
to O
meet O
Mubarak B-PER
in O
Egypt B-LOC
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Israeli B-MISC
Foreign O
Minister O
David B-PER
Levy I-PER
will O
visit O
Egypt B-LOC
this O
Sunday O
for O
talks O
with O
President O
Hosni B-PER
Mubarak I-PER
, O
the O
Foreign B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
trip O
will O
be O
Levy B-PER
's O
first O
to O
an O
Arab B-MISC
state O
as O
a O
minister O
in O
Prime O
Minister O
Benjamin B-PER
Netanyahu I-PER
's O
government O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FSA B-ORG
qualifies O
five O
muni O
bond O
issues O
for O
insurance O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Financial B-ORG
Security I-ORG
Assurance I-ORG
said O
Wednesday O
it O
qualified O
for O
bond O
insurance O
the O
following O
five O
municipal O
issues O
scheduled O
for O
competitive O
sale O
today O
: O

-- O
Paris B-LOC
School O
District O
No O
7 O
, O
Ark B-LOC
. O

, O
$ O
2.44 O
million O
refunding O
bonds O
. O

-- O
St B-LOC
Ansgar I-LOC
Community O
School O
District O
, O
Iowa B-LOC
, O
$ O
3.334 O
million O
general O
obligation O
school O
bonds O
. O

-- O
Avalon B-LOC
Borough I-LOC
, O
N.J. B-LOC
, O
$ O
11.4 O
million O
GOs O
. O

-- O
Seaford B-LOC
Union I-LOC
Free O
School O
District O
, O
N.Y. B-LOC
, O
$ O
5 O
million O
school O
bonds O
. O

-- O
Akron B-LOC
, O
Ohio B-LOC
, O
$ O
6.31 O
million O
improvement O
bonds O
. O

-- O
U.S. B-ORG
Municipal I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1650 O

-DOCSTART- O

Colo B-LOC
. I-LOC

taxable O
health O
deal O
rated O
Aa2 O
/ O
VMIG-1 O
- O
Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Moody B-ORG
's I-ORG
Investors I-ORG
Service I-ORG
- O

Rating O
Announcement O
As O
of O
08/26/96 O
. O

Issuer O
: O
Colorado B-ORG
Health I-ORG
Fac I-ORG
. I-ORG

Auth B-ORG
. I-ORG

National B-ORG

Benevolent B-ORG
Assoc I-ORG
. I-ORG

- O
Colorado B-ORG
Christian I-ORG
Home I-ORG

Proj O
. O

Series O
1996 O
B O
Taxable O

State O
: O
CO B-LOC

Rating O
: O
Aa2 O
/ O
VMIG O
1 O

Sale O
Amount O
: O
4,300,000 O

Expected O
Sale O
Date O
: O
08/26/96 O

-DOCSTART- O

Lamm B-PER
will O
not O
endorse O
Perot B-PER
for O
Reform B-MISC
ticket-CNN I-MISC
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-27 O

Former O
Colorado B-LOC
Democratic B-MISC
Gov O
. O

Richard B-PER
Lamm I-PER
has O
decided O
not O
to O
endorse O
Ross B-PER
Perot I-PER
as O
the O
presidential O
candidate O
of O
the O
Reform B-ORG
Party I-ORG
, O
CNN B-ORG
reported O
late O
Tuesday O
. O

CNN B-ORG
quoted O
aides O
and O
family O
members O
as O
saying O
Lamm B-PER
, O
who O
competed O
with O
Perot B-PER
to O
head O
the O
ticket O
for O
Perot B-PER
's O
party O
, O
had O
told O
them O
he O
would O
definitely O
not O
endorse O
Perot B-PER
, O
but O
they O
did O
not O
know O
whether O
he O
would O
endorse O
another O
candidate O
. O

An O
announcement O
was O
planned O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
Wednesday O
. O

Lamm B-PER
, O
60 O
, O
is O
a O
three-term O
Colorado B-LOC
governor O
who O
left O
office O
in O
1987 O
and O
vied O
for O
the O
Reform B-ORG
Party I-ORG
nomination O
after O
becoming O
disillusioned O
with O
both O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
and O
Republican B-MISC
parties O
. O

Lamm B-PER
is O
a O
friend O
of O
President O
Clinton B-PER
and O
supported O
him O
in O
the O
1992 O
election O
. O

Perot B-PER
won O
his O
party O
's O
official O
nomination O
as O
its O
presidential O
candidate O
in O
a O
secret O
ballot O
earlier O
this O
month O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RESEARCH O
ALERT O
- O
Career B-ORG
Horizons I-ORG
said O
cut O
. O

-- O
Donaldson B-ORG
Lufkin I-ORG
& I-ORG
Jenrette I-ORG
cut O
its O
rating O
on O
Career B-ORG
Horizons I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
to O
market O
perform O
from O
outperform O
, O
according O
to O
market O
sources O
. O

-- O
Further O
details O
were O
not O
immediately O
available O
. O

-- O
The O
stock O
was O
up O
3/4 O
at O
35-7/8 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Northern B-ORG
States I-ORG
Power I-ORG
Co I-ORG
sets O
payout O
. O

MINNEAPOLIS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Quarterly O

Latest O
Prior O

Amount O
$ O
0.69 O
$ O
0.69 O

Pay O
Oct O
20 O

Record O
Oct O
1 O

-- O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312 O
408-8787 O

-DOCSTART- O

US B-LOC
investors O
mull O
appeal O
of O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
decision O
. O

Patricia B-PER
Vowinkel I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-27 O

U.S. B-LOC
investors O
in O
troubled O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
of I-ORG
London I-ORG
were O
considering O
late O
on O
Tuesday O
whether O
to O
appeal O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
court O
decision O
in O
favour O
of O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
and O
pledged O
to O
continue O
pursuing O
other O
legal O
actions O
. O

A O
U.S. B-LOC
appeals O
court O
on O
Tuesday O
gave O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
a O
reprieve O
, O
throwing O
out O
an O
injunction O
that O
the O
insurance O
giant O
said O
could O
have O
led O
to O
its O
collapse O
. O

A O
lower O
court O
issued O
the O
injunction O
on O
Friday O
and O
ordered O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
to O
give O
investors O
, O
known O
as O
Names B-MISC
, O
more O
information O
before O
requiring O
them O
to O
decide O
whether O
to O
accept O
a O
settlement O
offer O
as O
part O
of O
a O
reorganisation O
plan O
. O

" O
My O
prediction O
is O
that O
the O
Names B-MISC
will O
appeal O
, O
" O
said O
Kenneth B-PER
Chiate I-PER
, O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
Name B-MISC
and O
a O
chief O
negotiator O
for O
the O
American B-ORG
Names I-ORG
Association I-ORG
. O

" O
At O
this O
point O
, O
it O
is O
a O
sufficiently O
important O
decision O
that O
I O
'm O
confident O
that O
they O
will O
appeal O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

But O
to O
say O
that O
they O
definitely O
will O
would O
be O
premature O
until O
we O
determine O
what O
the O
exact O
basis O
for O
the O
court O
's O
ruling O
is O
. O
" O

Under O
the O
reorganisation O
plan O
, O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
plans O
to O
reinsure O
its O
massive O
liabilities O
into O
a O
new O
company O
called O
Equitas B-ORG
. O

The O
arrangement O
calls O
for O
investors O
to O
make O
additional O
payments O
to O
fund O
Equitas B-ORG
but O
also O
provides O
them O
with O
3.2 O
billion O
stg O
in O
compensation O
to O
help O
reduce O
their O
prior O
outstanding O
liabilities O
. O

The O
Names B-MISC
had O
been O
scheduled O
to O
decide O
whether O
to O
accept O
or O
reject O
the O
offer O
by O
1100 O
GMT B-MISC
Wednesday O
, O
but O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
chairman O
David B-PER
Rowland I-PER
said O
on O
Tuesday O
the O
offer O
would O
be O
extended O
. O

At O
least O
eight O
U.S. B-LOC
states O
have O
still O
some O
form O
of O
litigation O
pending O
, O
said O
John B-PER
Head I-PER
, O
spokesman O
for O
the O
Association B-ORG
of I-ORG
Lloyd I-ORG
's I-ORG
State O
Chairmen O
, O
a O
group O
representing O
U.S. B-LOC
Names B-MISC
. O

" O
It O
goes O
without O
saying O
that O
we O
're O
rather O
disappointed O
, O
" O
Head B-PER
said O
of O
the O
decision O
by O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Court I-ORG
of I-ORG
Appeals I-ORG
for O
the O
Fourth B-ORG
Circuit I-ORG
, O
sitting O
in O
Baltimore B-LOC
. O

But O
, O
he O
said O
, O
" O
we O
still O
have O
hope O
that O
somebody O
is O
going O
to O
see O
our O
point O
of O
view O
in O
this O
. O
" O

The O
Colorado B-LOC
attorney O
general O
told O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
last O
week O
it O
was O
considering O
a O
new O
legal O
action O
against O
the O
British B-MISC
insurance O
market O
, O
based O
on O
allegations O
of O
consumer O
fraud O
. O

" O
We O
have O
notified O
them O
of O
our O
concerns O
and O
asked O
them O
to O
give O
us O
a O
response O
, O
" O
said O
Colorado B-LOC
attorney O
general O
Gale B-PER
Norton I-PER
. O

Norton B-PER
said O
she O
was O
concerned O
that O
the O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
agreement O
immunizes O
it O
from O
future O
litigation O
regarding O
Equitas B-ORG
and O
requires O
that O
all O
legal O
actions O
be O
heard O
outside O
of O
Colorado B-LOC
. O

In O
addition O
, O
she O
said O
she O
was O
concerned O
the O
plan O
may O
not O
offer O
investors O
enough O
protection O
from O
additional O
, O
future O
liabilities O
. O

Meanwhile O
, O
an O
appeal O
of O
a O
lawsuit O
filed O
by O
some O
600 O
Names B-MISC
in O
California B-LOC
is O
still O
pending O
before O
the O
U.S. B-ORG
Court I-ORG
of I-ORG
Appeals I-ORG
for O
the O
Ninth B-ORG
Circuit I-ORG
, O
Chiate B-PER
of O
the O
American B-ORG
Names I-ORG
Association I-ORG
said O
. O

That O
lawsuit O
, O
which O
seeks O
rescision O
and O
restitution O
, O
was O
dismissed O
in O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
district O
court O
. O

That O
case O
" O
is O
what O
I O
call O
the O
most O
significant O
alternate O
remedy O
for O
us O
, O
" O
Chiate B-PER
said O
. O

The O
individual O
Names B-MISC
, O
however O
, O
now O
must O
decide O
whether O
to O
accept O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
settlement O
offer O
or O
reject O
the O
offer O
and O
pursue O
litigation O
. O

Chiate B-PER
said O
he O
has O
advised O
Names B-MISC
that O
" O
they O
must O
make O
, O
individually O
, O
a O
risk O
benefit O
analysis O
. O
" O

Rejection O
involved O
forfeiting O
the O
compensation O
offer O
and O
risking O
the O
possibility O
of O
owing O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
two O
to O
three O
times O
more O
than O
Lloyd B-ORG
's I-ORG
is O
now O
willing O
to O
accept O
, O
he O
said O
. O

But O
, O
in O
rejecting O
the O
offer O
, O
the O
Names B-MISC
would O
retain O
their O
rights O
to O
pursue O
litigation O
, O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
police O
made O
Nazi B-MISC
gestures O
, O
officials O
say O
. O

NUREMBERG B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

German B-MISC
riot O
police O
made O
Nazi B-MISC
gestures O
at O
a O
private O
function O
earlier O
this O
month O
and O
may O
face O
dismissal O
for O
their O
actions O
, O
the O
Bavarian B-MISC
Interior B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
ministry O
declined O
to O
detail O
gestures O
the O
Nuremberg-based B-MISC
policemen O
had O
made O
at O
the O
August O
13 O
function O
but O
added O
seven O
had O
been O
suspended O
from O
duty O
pending O
an O
internal O
inquiry O
. O

A O
spokesman O
for O
public O
prosecutors O
in O
the O
southern O
city O
, O
where O
dictator O
Adolf B-PER
Hitler I-PER
held O
some O
of O
his O
most O
infamous O
Nazi B-MISC
party O
rallies O
in O
the O
1930s O
, O
said O
there O
were O
no O
plans O
to O
prosecute O
the O
officers O
as O
the O
gestures O
had O
not O
been O
made O
in O
public O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Gun-wielding O
motorist O
snapped O
by O
cool O
passenger O
. O

BERLIN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
motorist O
threatened O
a O
fellow O
driver O
with O
a O
starting O
pistol O
as O
he O
overtook O
him O
illegally O
in O
the O
inside O
lane O
on O
a O
motorway O
near O
Berlin B-LOC
and O
was O
photographed O
in O
the O
act O
by O
the O
driver O
's O
wife O
, O
prosecutors O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Prosecutors O
in O
the O
city O
of O
Potsdam B-LOC
said O
the O
32-year-old O
man O
drew O
alongside O
the O
other O
car O
at O
about O
110 O
kph O
( O
70 O
mph O
) O
and O
aimed O
his O
pistol O
at O
the O
driver O
. O

But O
the O
driver O
's O
wife O
kept O
her O
nerve O
, O
got O
out O
her O
camera O
and O
photographed O
him O
. O

The O
man O
has O
been O
charged O
with O
dangerous O
driving O
, O
coercion O
and O
threatening O
behaviour O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
prosecutors O
file O
sex O
tourism O
charges O
. O

BERLIN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Berlin B-LOC
prosecutors O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
they O
had O
filed O
charges O
against O
two O
German B-MISC
men O
for O
sexually O
abusing O
children O
in O
Thailand B-LOC
and O
distributing O
pornographic O
films O
and O
pictures O
of O
their O
degrading O
acts O
. O

The O
case O
is O
one O
of O
only O
a O
handful O
in O
which O
authorities O
have O
managed O
to O
track O
down O
suspects O
under O
a O
law O
which O
lets O
them O
pursue O
Germans B-MISC
who O
commit O
sex O
offences O
abroad O
. O

The O
pair O
, O
identified O
only O
as O
43-year-old O
clerk O
Dieter B-PER
U I-PER
and O
businessman O
Thomas B-PER
S I-PER
, O
33 O
, O
are O
alleged O
to O
have O
carried O
out O
acts O
of O
sexual O
indecency O
with O
children O
as O
young O
as O
10 O
years O
old O
between O
1994 O
and O
1995 O
. O

Their O
videos O
included O
pictures O
of O
one O
of O
the O
accused O
tying O
up O
a O
Thai B-MISC
boy O
and O
performing O
acts O
of O
sadistic O
torture O
on O
him O
, O
prosecutors O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

In O
another O
scene O
, O
a O
young O
girl O
performed O
oral O
sex O
with O
an O
unidentified O
adult O
man O
. O

The O
new O
law O
was O
introduced O
with O
much O
fanfare O
in O
1993 O
. O

But O
prosecutors O
face O
huge O
difficulties O
in O
gathering O
evidence O
and O
bringing O
witnesses O
to O
testify O
in O
a O
German B-MISC
court O
, O
and O
only O
one O
person O
has O
so O
far O
been O
convicted O
under O
the O
law O
. O

Investigators O
are O
probing O
several O
other O
cases O
. O

The O
Berlin B-LOC
prosecutors O
said O
they O
had O
been O
alerted O
to O
the O
two O
men O
by O
customs O
officials O
who O
intercepted O
packages O
containing O
pornographic O
photographs O
and O
order O
forms O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

France B-LOC
's O
Juppe B-PER
on O
official O
visit O
to O
Greece B-LOC
Sep O
15 O
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

French B-MISC
Premier O
Alain B-PER
Juppe I-PER
will O
pay O
an O
official O
visit O
to O
Greece B-LOC
on O
September O
15 O
to O
celebrate O
150 O
years O
of O
the O
French B-ORG
Archaeological I-ORG
Society I-ORG
, O
government O
spokesman O
Dimitris B-PER
Reppas I-PER
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Juppe B-PER
will O
meet O
Greek B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Costas B-PER
Simitis I-PER
and O
Foreign O
Minister O
Theodoros B-PER
Pangalos I-PER
, O
Reppas B-PER
told O
reporters O
. O

" O
The O
French B-MISC
premier O
's O
visit O
was O
planned O
to O
coincide O
with O
the O
Archaeological B-ORG
Society I-ORG
's O
celebrations O
. O

The O
Greek B-MISC
government O
was O
asked O
for O
an O
official O
meeting O
with O
the O
prime O
minister O
and O
the O
foreign O
minister O
and O
it O
said O
yes O
, O
" O
Reppas B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Stork B-ORG
H1 O
results O
breakdown O
per O
sector O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

First O
24 O
weeks O
1996 O

( O
millions O
of O
guilders O
unless O
otherwise O
stated O
) O

Industrial O
systems O
and O
components O

- O
Turnover O
756 O
vs O
829 O

- O
Operating O
profit O
46 O
vs O
48 O

- O
New O
orders O
received O
876 O
vs O
933 O

- O
Order O
book O
( O
billions O
) O
1.07 O
vs O
0.98 O

Industrial O
services O

- O
Turnover O
657 O
vs O
700 O

- O
Operating O
profit O
9 O
vs O
3 O

- O
New O
orders O
received O
( O
billions O
) O
1.00 O
vs O
1.09 O

- O
Order O
book O
( O
billions O
) O
2.37 O
vs O
2.01 O

NOTE O
- O
Order O
book O
figures O
refer O
to O
value O
of O
orders O
on O
books O
at O
end O
of O
period O
. O

-- O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O
, O
Fax O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5040 O

-DOCSTART- O

Stephanie B-PER
of O
Monaco B-LOC
's O
husband O
snapped O
cavorting O
. O

ROME B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Two O
Italian B-MISC
magazines O
published O
pictures O
on O
Wednesday O
of O
Daniel B-PER
Ducruet I-PER
, O
Princess O
Stephanie B-PER
of O
Monaco B-LOC
's O
husband O
and O
former O
bodyguard O
, O
cavorting O
naked O
with O
another O
woman O
by O
a O
poolside O
in O
France B-LOC
. O

The O
magazines O
, O
Eva B-ORG
Tremila I-ORG
and O
its O
sister O
publication O
Gente B-ORG
, O
printed O
up O
to O
26 O
pages O
of O
photos O
of O
the O
woman O
undressing O
Ducruet B-PER
, O
the O
pair O
embracing O
on O
a O
sunbed O
and O
finally O
both O
naked O
. O

Eva B-ORG
Tremila I-ORG
said O
other O
even O
more O
explicit O
photos O
were O
taken O
but O
it O
did O
not O
print O
them O
. O

The O
magazines O
named O
the O
woman O
as O
Fili B-PER
Houteman I-PER
, O
a O
26-year-old O
French B-MISC
singer O
and O
dancer O
in O
a O
Belgian B-MISC
cabaret O
club O
. O

The O
photographs O
, O
an O
Italian B-MISC
exclusive O
, O
raised O
eyebrows O
in O
the O
tiny O
principality O
, O
where O
Stephanie B-PER
's O
father O
Prince B-PER
Rainier I-PER
, O
had O
long O
disapproved O
of O
his O
daughter O
's O
choice O
of O
husband O
. O

Stephanie B-PER
had O
two O
children O
with O
Ducruet B-PER
before O
their O
marriage O
in O
July O
last O
year O
. O

Stephanie B-PER
, O
Caroline B-PER
and O
Albert B-PER
are O
the O
children O
of O
Rainier B-PER
and O
former O
Hollywood B-LOC
screen O
goddess O
Grace B-PER
Kelly I-PER
, O
who O
was O
killed O
in O
a O
car O
crash O
in O
1982 O
. O

" O
We O
have O
seen O
the O
photos O
but O
for O
the O
moment O
the O
palace O
has O
no O
comment O
, O
" O
a O
spokeswoman O
for O
Prince B-PER
Rainier I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

The O
magazines O
said O
the O
photographs O
were O
taken O
in O
Cap B-LOC
de I-LOC
Villefranche I-LOC
, O
some O
15 O
km O
( O
nine O
miles O
) O
from O
Monte B-LOC
Carlo I-LOC
. O

Gente B-ORG
said O
Ducruet B-PER
, O
a O
keen O
racing O
driver O
, O
met O
Houteman B-PER
during O
a O
race O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
and O
photographers O
had O
been O
on O
their O
trail O
ever O
since O
. O

The O
magazine O
said O
video O
cameras O
had O
also O
been O
used O
to O
film O
the O
couple O
and O
that O
a O
sound-track O
existed O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Highlights O
of O
Wednesday O
's O
Commission B-ORG
briefing O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Following O
are O
highlights O
of O
the O
midday O
briefing O
by O
the O
European B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
: O

In O
response O
to O
a O
question O
, O
Commission B-ORG
spokesman O
Joao B-PER
Vale I-PER
de I-PER
Almeida I-PER
said O
there O
had O
been O
no O
developments O
regarding O
the O
Commission B-ORG
's O
position O
concerning O
the O
dispute O
with O
Germany B-LOC
and O
Saxony B-LOC
over O
state O
aid O
to O
Volkswagen B-ORG
. O

He O
said O
there O
was O
some O
possibility O
of O
further O
talks O
with O
Germany B-LOC
before O
the O
next O
Commission B-ORG
meeting O
of O
September O
4 O
. O

- O
- O
- O
- O

The O
Commission B-ORG
released O
the O
following O
documents O
: O

- O
IP O
/ O
96 O
/ O
804 O
: O
Commission B-ORG
approves O
acquisition O
of O
Pao B-ORG
de I-ORG
Acucar I-ORG
by O
Auchan B-ORG
. O

- O
IP O
/ O
96 O
/ O
805 O
: O
Commission B-ORG
finds O
acquisition O
of O
CAMAT B-ORG
by O
AGF-IART B-ORG
does O
not O
fall O
under O
the O
merger O
regulation O
. O

- O
IP O
/ O
96 O
/ O
806 O
: O
Commission B-ORG
clears O
acquisition O
of O
Austrian B-MISC
food O
retail O
chain O
Billa B-ORG
by O
German B-MISC
group O
Rewe-Handelsgruppe B-ORG
. O

- O
SPEECH O
/ O
96 O
/ O
202 O
: O
Speech O
by O
European B-MISC
Commissioner O
Anita B-PER
Gradin I-PER
at O
the O
World B-MISC
Congress I-MISC
against I-MISC
Sexual I-MISC
Exploitation I-MISC
of I-MISC
Children I-MISC
in O
Stockholm B-LOC
. O

- O
Eurostat B-ORG
news O
release O
51/96 O
: O
March-May O
1996 O
EU B-ORG
industrial O
production O
figures O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Spanish B-MISC
tomato O
warriors O
paint O
the O
town O
red O
. O

BUNOL B-LOC
, O
Spain B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Revellers O
painted O
the O
town O
red O
on O
Wednesday O
as O
the O
1996 O
edition O
of O
the O
world O
's O
biggest O
tomato O
fight O
began O
in O
the O
eastern O
Spanish B-MISC
village O
of O
Bunol B-LOC
. O

Thousands O
of O
people O
pelted O
each O
other O
with O
armfuls O
of O
ripe O
tomatoes O
as O
streets O
, O
walls O
and O
windows O
were O
coated O
in O
a O
blood-red O
wash O
. O

A O
single O
firework O
after O
midday O
signalled O
the O
start O
of O
the O
fruit-throwing O
frenzy O
, O
during O
which O
participants O
hurl O
some O
100 O
tonnes O
of O
tomatoes O
trucked O
in O
for O
the O
occasion O
. O

Local O
historians O
say O
the O
tradition O
began O
in O
1945 O
when O
disgruntled O
locals O
began O
spontaneously O
to O
bombard O
the O
priest O
and O
mayor O
at O
the O
annual O
fiesta O
in O
Bunol B-LOC
( O
pronounced O
Boo-nee-OL B-LOC
) O
. O

The O
festival O
's O
fame O
has O
grown O
and O
now O
attracts O
between O
15,000 O
and O
20,000 O
people O
, O
many O
of O
them O
foreigners O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
GREECE B-LOC
- O
AUG O
28 O
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Leading O
stories O
in O
the O
Greek B-MISC
financial O
press O
: O

IMERISIA B-ORG

-- O
Pre-election O
debate O
heats O
up O
on O
economic O
issues O
as O
conservative O
New B-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
party O
promises O
seven O
measures O
includind O
tax O
relief O
for O
farmers O
and O
socialist O
Pasok B-ORG
defends O
progress O
on O
economic O
convergence O
with O
the O
EU B-ORG

-- O
Finance O
ministry O
scrambles O
to O
find O
temporary O
solution O
to O
regulation O
which O
slaps O
a O
15 O
percent O
tax O
rate O
on O
gains O
from O
trading O
of O
bonds O
and O
coupons O
by O
mutual O
funds O

-- O
Finance O
ministry O
will O
cut O
12-month O
T-bill O
rate O
by O
10 O
basis O
points O
to O
12.70 O
percent O
in O
the O
upcoming O
end O
August O
issue O

FINANCIAL B-ORG
KATHIMERINI I-ORG

-- O
Inflows O
of O
more O
than O
$ O
500 O
million O
are O
seen O
in O
the O
interbank O
market O
and O
the O
bourse O
in O
the O
last O
three O
days O
reflecting O
confidence O
in O
the O
post-election O
economic O
policy O

-- O
Athens B-ORG
Metro I-ORG
subway O
project O
hits O
snags O
which O
could O
delay O
delivery O
to O
the O
year O
2000 O
and O
overshoot O
the O
original O
budgeted O
cost O
of O
520 O
billion O
drachmas O

-- O
State B-ORG
National I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
of I-ORG
Greece I-ORG
will O
start O
real O
auction O
programme O
September O
9 O
to O
lighten O
up O
on O
its O
real O
estate O
holdings O

KERDOS B-ORG

-- O
New B-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
leader O
Miltiadis B-PER
Evert I-PER
vows O
support O
mesures O
for O
farmers O
and O
small O
business O
as O
he O
kicks O
off O
the O
conservative O
party O
's O
campaign O

-- O
National O
Economy O
Minister O
Yannos B-PER
Papandoniou I-PER
defends O
" O
hard O
drachma O
" O
foreign O
exchange O
policy O
, O
says O
it O
wo O
n't O
change O

EXPRESS B-ORG

-- O
Message O
of O
unity O
from O
the O
conservative O
New B-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
party O
as O
former O
prime O
minister O
Constantine B-PER
Mitsotakis I-PER
and O
Miltiadis B-PER
Evert I-PER
shake O
hands O

NAFTEMBORIKI O

-- O
Government O
defends O
" O
hard O
drachma O
" O
policy O
, O
says O
it O
will O
continue O
unchanged O
after O
the O
elections O

-- O
Conservative O
opposition O
New B-ORG
Democracy I-ORG
promises O
series O
of O
measures O
on O
the O
economy O
30 O
days O
after O
the O
elections O
aiming O
at O
4.0 O
percent O
GDP O
growth O
rate O
annually O
-- O
George B-PER
Georgiopoulos I-PER
, O
Athens B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+301 O
3311812-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

HOEK B-ORG
LOOS I-ORG
H1 O
NET O
PROFIT O
28.9 O
MLN O
GUILDERS O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

First O
half O
1996 O

( O
in O
millions O
of O
guilders O
unless O
otherwise O
stated O
) O

Net O
per O
shr O
( O
guilders O
) O
4.38 O
vs O
3.70 O

Net O
profit O
28.9 O
vs O
24.5 O

Turnover O
273.6 O
vs O
290.3 O

Operating O
profit O
44.4 O
vs O
40.7 O

Note O
- O
Industrial O
gases O
maker O
Hoek B-ORG
Loos I-ORG
NV I-ORG
. O

Interest O
charges O
2.20 O
vs O
5.05 O

Tax O
13.26 O
vs O
11.16 O

-- O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O
, O
Fax O
+31 O
20 O
504 O
5040 O

-DOCSTART- O

Stagecoach B-ORG
sees O
Swebus B-ORG
deal O
agreed O
next O
week O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

British B-MISC
bus O
and O
passenger O
rail O
operator O
Stagecoach B-ORG
Holdings I-ORG
Plc I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
its O
negotiations O
to O
acquire O
Swedish B-MISC
long O
distance O
bus O
operator O
Swebus B-ORG
AB I-ORG
were O
set O
to O
lead O
to O
a O
signed O
agreement O
next O
week O
. O

Four O
weeks O
ago O
Stagecoach B-ORG
said O
it O
had O
agreed O
the O
deal O
in O
principle O
, O
and O
it O
expected O
to O
pay O
110 O
million O
stg-plus O
for O
the O
firm O
, O
with O
Swebus B-ORG
' O
current O
owner O
, O
the O
state O
railway O
company O
. O

" O
The O
directors O
report O
that O
negotiations O
with O
the O
vendors O
of O
Swebus B-ORG
AB I-ORG
are O
proceeding O
and O
they O
expect O
an O
agreement O
( O
conditional O
on O
shareholder O
approval O
) O
will O
be O
signed O
next O
week O
, O
" O
Stagecoach B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

-- O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7717 O

-DOCSTART- O

NZ B-LOC
bills O
gain O
ground O
after O
see-saw O
session O
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

0515 O
GMT B-MISC

The O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
money O
market O
gained O
slightly O
at O
Wednesday O
's O
close O
after O
what O
dealers O
described O
as O
a O
see-saw O
trading O
session O
. O

Ninety-day O
bank O
bill O
rates O
shed O
five O
points O
to O
9.93 O
percent O
and O
September O
bank O
bill O
futures O
rose O
four O
to O
90.18 O
. O

However O
, O
bonds O
finished O
largely O
flat O
. O

" O
Our O
bonds O
were O
better O
bid O
initially O
but O
they O
sold O
off O
on O
a O
lack O
of O
demand O
, O
and O
the O
short O
end O
went O
with O
it O
too O
on O
a O
lower O
currency O
. O

" O
There O
were O
big O
buyers O
at O
the O
base O
of O
where O
the O
market O
sold O
to O
, O
and O
when O
the O
currency O
got O
bought O
back O
on O
talk O
of O
a O
samurai O
the O
market O
got O
bought O
back O
again O
, O
" O
a O
dealer O
said O
. O

Volumes O
were O
reasonable O
in O
the O
money O
market O
but O
thin O
in O
bonds O
. O

Dealers O
said O
the O
market O
seemed O
to O
be O
trading O
a O
range O
and O
would O
wait O
for O
more O
political O
polls O
to O
provide O
direction O
. O

They O
were O
confident O
of O
further O
eurokiwi O
issuance O
but O
said O
the O
timing O
was O
less O
of O
a O
certainty O
. O

-- O
Wellington B-LOC
newsroom O
( O
64 O
4 O
) O
473 O
4746 O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Guinness B-ORG
Peat I-ORG
expects O
strong O
full O
yr O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

British-based B-MISC
investment O
company O
Guinness B-ORG
Peat I-ORG
Group I-ORG
Plc I-ORG
( O
GPG B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
it O
expected O
a O
strong O
full O
year O
result O
. O

" O
We O
think O
we O
're O
in O
a O
position O
to O
produce O
a O
strong O
result O
, O
however O
a O
lot O
of O
our O
profitability O
must O
inevitably O
depend O
on O
a O
number O
of O
( O
company O
) O
results O
, O
" O
said O
GPG B-ORG
director O
Garry B-PER
Weiss I-PER
. O

GPG B-ORG
earlier O
said O
its O
net O
profit O
for O
the O
six O
months O
to O
June O
30 O
rose O
to O
9.77 O
million O
pounds O
from O
6.93 O
million O
in O
the O
previous O
first O
half O
. O

The O
company O
did O
not O
declare O
an O
interim O
dividend O
as O
in O
the O
previous O
year O
. O

Weiss B-PER
said O
the O
Australian B-MISC
share O
market O
had O
been O
somewhat O
negative O
for O
much O
of O
1996 O
and O
this O
had O
some O
effect O
on O
the O
company O
's O
first O
half O
results O
. O

" O
However O
, O
it O
certainly O
is O
a O
very O
pleasing O
result O
for O
the O
first O
six O
months O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Weiss B-PER
said O
most O
of O
the O
company O
's O
half O
year O
earning O
stemmed O
from O
the O
sale O
of O
its O
50 O
percent O
stake O
in O
Physicians B-ORG
Insurance I-ORG
Co I-ORG
of O
Ohio B-LOC
. O

He O
said O
the O
company O
decided O
to O
sell O
its O
U.S. B-LOC
investment O
in O
order O
to O
consolidate O
investments O
closer O
to O
its O
administrative O
base O
. O

GPG B-ORG
said O
its O
stakes O
in O
Tyndall B-ORG
Australia I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
and O
Mid-East B-ORG
Minerals I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
both O
contributed O
strongly O
to O
GPG B-ORG
's O
first O
half O
earnings O
. O

-- O
Sydney B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
61-2 O
9373-1800 O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Newcrest B-ORG
Q4 I-ORG
net O
profit O
A$ B-MISC
4.3 O
mln O
. O

SYDNEY B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Gold O
miner O
Newcrest B-ORG
Mining I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
it O
posted O
a O
A$ B-MISC
4.3 O
million O
profit O
after O
tax O
in O
the O
final O
quarter O
of O
the O
year O
to O
June O
30 O
, O
1996 O
. O

Earlier O
, O
Newcrest B-ORG
reported O
a O
drop O
in O
net O
profit O
after O
abnormals O
to O
A$ B-MISC
20.81 O
million O
for O
the O
year O
from O
A$ B-MISC
42.4 O
million O
the O
previous O
year O
. O

Newcrest B-ORG
said O
earnings O
from O
the O
Telfer B-LOC
and O
Boddington B-LOC
mines O
were O
lower O
than O
the O
previous O
year O
due O
to O
lower O
head O
grades O
at O
the O
mines O
, O
forcing O
gold O
production O
lower O
. O

Production O
costs O
also O
rose O
eight O
percent O
during O
the O
year O
to O
A$ B-MISC
406 O
per O
ounce O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RTRS B-ORG
- O
Queensland B-LOC
gunman O
evades O
police O
in O
bush O
hunt O
. O

BRISBANE B-ORG
1996-08-28 O

Australian B-MISC
police O
on O
Wednesday O
continued O
to O
hunt O
a O
gunman O
in O
dense O
bushland O
after O
he O
killed O
his O
wife O
and O
wounded O
three O
other O
people O
, O
warning O
the O
man O
is O
extremely O
dangerous O
and O
may O
take O
a O
hostage O
to O
escape O
. O

The O
shooting O
occured O
around O
6.30 O
a.m. O
( O
2030 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
on O
Tuesday O
at O
Glenwood B-LOC
, O
south O
of O
Maryborough B-PER
, O
about O
150 O
km O
( O
93 O
miles O
) O
north O
of O
Brisbane B-LOC
on O
the O
Queensland B-LOC
state O
coast O
. O

Police O
have O
declared O
an O
" O
emergent O
situation O
" O
in O
the O
area O
, O
giving O
them O
powers O
to O
raid O
houses O
, O
search O
cars O
, O
close O
schools O
, O
quarantine O
the O
area O
and O
evacuate O
people O
. O

" O
It O
is O
one O
step O
short O
of O
an O
emergency O
situation O
, O
" O
a O
police O
spokesman O
said O
via O
telephone O
from O
a O
command O
post O
in O
the O
bush O
. O

" O
We O
have O
not O
had O
any O
sightings O
, O
but O
we O
suspect O
he O
is O
armed O
, O
possibly O
with O
a O
.22 O
rifle O
and O
/ O
or O
a O
self-loading O
shotgun O
. O

He O
is O
considered O
extremely O
dangerous O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
It O
's O
a O
possibility O
, O
not O
a O
probability O
, O
he O
may O
take O
a O
hostage O
, O
but O
we O
have O
measures O
in O
place O
if O
that O
is O
the O
case O
. O
" O

William B-PER
Fox I-PER
broke O
into O
his O
wife O
's O
home O
on O
Tuesday O
morning O
, O
shooting O
her O
dead O
and O
wounding O
his O
16-year-old O
son O
, O
his O
son O
's O
girlfriend O
and O
a O
neighbour O
, O
police O
said O
. O

All O
three O
wounded O
are O
in O
a O
satisfactory O
condition O
in O
hospital O
. O

Fox B-PER
initially O
fled O
from O
the O
shooting O
in O
a O
car O
, O
but O
then O
abandoned O
the O
car O
and O
entered O
dense O
bushland O
. O

Fox B-PER
is O
a O
skilled O
bushman O
who O
knows O
the O
area O
very O
well O
, O
police O
said O
. O

About O
60 O
police O
, O
helicopters O
and O
fixed-wing O
aircraft O
have O
maintained O
an O
overnight O
cordon O
around O
15 O
sq O
km O
( O
six O
sq O
miles O
) O
of O
bush O
near O
Glenwood B-LOC
. O

The O
area O
is O
littered O
with O
caves O
and O
police O
believed O
Fox B-PER
has O
a O
hideout O
which O
has O
enabled O
him O
to O
evade O
capture O
. O

Australia B-LOC
's O
six O
states O
and O
two O
territories O
are O
involved O
in O
heated O
debate O
over O
the O
introduction O
of O
tough O
new O
firearm O
laws O
, O
including O
the O
banning O
rapid O
fire O
weapons O
, O
after O
a O
shooting O
massacre O
in O
the O
island O
state O
of O
Tasmania B-LOC
. O

On O
April O
28 O
, O
a O
lone O
gunman O
went O
on O
a O
shooting O
rampage O
at O
the O
site O
of O
the O
historic O
Port B-LOC
Arthur I-LOC
penal O
settlement O
, O
killing O
35 O
people O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Shanghai B-ORG
Ek I-ORG
Chor I-ORG
opens O
new O
motorcyle O
plant O
. O

SHANGHAI B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Shanghai-Ek B-ORG
Chor I-ORG
Motorcycle I-ORG
Co I-ORG
, O
a O
Sino-Thai B-ORG
joint O
venture O
, O
opened O
a O
new O
plant O
to O
produce O
gasoline O
engines O
in O
the O
Pudong B-LOC
New I-LOC
Area I-LOC
of O
Shanghai B-LOC
, O
the O
Xinhua B-ORG
news O
agency O
reported O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
plant O
, O
requiring O
an O
investment O
of O
three O
billion O
baht O
, O
has O
a O
floor O
space O
of O
50,000 O
square O
metres O
and O
is O
designed O
to O
produce O
600,000 O
gasoline O
engines O
a O
year O
, O
to O
be O
sold O
in O
China B-LOC
, O
South B-LOC
America I-LOC
, O
the O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
and O
Africa B-LOC
, O
it O
said O
. O

Capacity O
is O
expected O
to O
reach O
one O
million O
engines O
by O
the O
year O
2000 O
, O
it O
said O
. O

Shanghai-Ek B-ORG
Chor I-ORG
is O
jointly O
owned O
by O
the O
Shanghai B-ORG
Automobile I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG
and O
Ek B-ORG
Chor I-ORG
China I-ORG
Motorcycle I-ORG
. O

It O
started O
operations O
in O
January O
1985 O
and O
has O
registered O
capital O
of O
1.56 O
billion O
baht O
, O
it O
said O
but O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

The O
joint O
venture O
has O
two O
motorcycle O
plants O
making O
Xingfu B-MISC
motorcycles O
and O
aims O
to O
be O
China B-LOC
's O
biggest O
producer O
by O
the O
year O
2000 O
, O
with O
output O
of O
two O
million O
units O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Khmer B-ORG
Rouge I-ORG
's O
Ieng B-PER
Sary I-PER
confirms O
break O
with O
Pol B-PER
Pot I-PER
. O

ARANYAPRATHET O
, O
Thailand B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Dissident O
Khmer B-ORG
Rouge I-ORG
leader O
Ieng B-PER
Sary I-PER
confirmed O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
he O
had O
broken O
with O
Pol B-PER
Pot I-PER
and O
other O
hardliners O
of O
the O
guerrilla O
group O
and O
had O
formed O
a O
rival O
movement O
. O

Ieng B-PER
Sary I-PER
said O
in O
a O
written O
statement O
, O
the O
first O
since O
his O
split O
with O
Pol B-PER
Pot I-PER
earlier O
this O
month O
, O
that O
the O
new O
movement O
to O
be O
called O
the O
Democratic B-ORG
National I-ORG
United I-ORG
Movement I-ORG
( O
DNUM B-ORG
) O
would O
seek O
an O
end O
to O
civil O
war O
and O
work O
towards O
reconciliation O
with O
the O
Cambodian B-MISC
government O
. O

" O
I O
would O
like O
to O
inform O
you O
about O
my O
decision O
to O
break O
away O
from O
Pol B-PER
Pot I-PER
, O
Ta B-PER
Mok I-PER
, O
Son B-LOC
Sen I-LOC
's O
dictatorial O
group O
, O
" O
he O
said O
in O
a O
copy O
of O
the O
statement O
obtained O
by O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

" O
We O
believe O
that O
our O
country O
will O
be O
reduced O
to O
nothing O
if O
the O
Khmer B-ORG
people O
continue O
to O
fight O
against O
each O
other O
indefinitely O
.... O

For O
this O
reason O
we O
decided O
to O
break O
away O
from O
that O
dictatorial O
group O
and O
found O
a O
movement O
named O
' O
Democratic B-ORG
National I-ORG
United I-ORG
Movement I-ORG
' O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Ieng B-PER
Sary I-PER
was O
sentenced O
to O
death O
in O
absentia O
for O
his O
role O
in O
the O
mass O
genocide O
in O
Cambodia B-LOC
during O
the O
Khmer B-ORG
Rouge I-ORG
rule O
of O
terror O
between O
1975-1979 O
when O
over O
a O
million O
people O
were O
executed O
or O
died O
of O
starvation O
, O
disease O
or O
overwork O
in O
mass O
labour O
camps O
. O

The O
French-educated B-MISC
, O
former O
brother-in-law O
of O
Pol B-PER
Pot I-PER
was O
foreign O
minister O
in O
the O
Khmer B-ORG
Rouge I-ORG
government O
that O
ruled O
Cambodia B-LOC
and O
was O
seen O
as O
the O
group O
's O
second O
in O
command O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
dead O
in O
Cambodia B-LOC
helicopter O
crash O
. O

PHNOM B-LOC
PENH I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Two O
people O
were O
killed O
and O
six O
were O
injured O
after O
a O
helicopter O
crashed O
in O
bad O
weather O
in O
northern O
Cambodia B-LOC
, O
a O
government O
minister O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
15 O
survivors O
who O
had O
been O
on O
board O
the O
Russian-made B-MISC
MI-17 B-MISC
helicopter O
were O
taken O
to O
hospital O
from O
the O
remote O
jungle O
crash O
site O
about O
150 O
km O
( O
90 O
miles O
) O
north O
of O
Phnom B-LOC
Penh I-LOC
, O
Information O
Minister O
Ieng B-PER
Mouly I-PER
said O
. O

The O
cause O
of O
the O
crash O
of O
the O
helicopter O
, O
which O
went O
down O
on O
Sunday O
while O
on O
a O
routine O
resupply O
flight O
between O
Phnom B-LOC
Penh I-LOC
and O
Stung B-LOC
Treng I-LOC
, O
was O
not O
known O
. O

Ieng B-PER
Mouly I-PER
said O
the O
aircraft O
went O
down O
during O
a O
rain O
storm O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

MOF B-ORG
's O
Kubo B-PER
says O
believes O
BOJ B-ORG
rate O
policy O
unchanged O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Japan B-LOC
's O
Finance O
Minister O
Wataru B-PER
Kubo I-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
he O
believes O
that O
the O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Japan I-ORG
's O
( O
BOJ B-ORG
) O
interest O
rate O
policy O
which O
is O
geared O
towards O
ensuring O
economic O
growth O
has O
not O
changed O
after O
the O
release O
of O
the O
central O
bank O
's O
" O
tankan O
" O
survey O
. O

The O
BOJ B-ORG
released O
the O
August O
tankan O
, O
its O
quarterly O
short-term O
corporate O
survey O
, O
in O
the O
morning O
and O
it O
showed O
business O
outlook O
had O
worsened O
. O

However O
, O
Kubo B-PER
said O
it O
did O
not O
necessarily O
show O
a O
substantial O
worsening O
of O
the O
economy O
. O

" O
The O
question O
is O
what O
the O
BOJ B-ORG
is O
going O
to O
do O
with O
its O
interest O
rate O
policy O
. O

The O
BOJ B-ORG
governor O
has O
made O
it O
clear O
that O
the O
BOJ B-ORG
's O
policy O
is O
aimed O
at O
ensuring O
basis O
for O
economic O
recovery O
. O

I O
believe O
this O
policy O
has O
not O
changed O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Asked O
if O
a O
supplementary O
budget O
for O
1996/97 O
was O
needed O
to O
support O
the O
economy O
, O
Kubo B-PER
said O
the O
tankan O
results O
would O
not O
lead O
to O
any O
immediate O
decision O
on O
the O
need O
for O
an O
extra O
budget O
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
think O
we O
should O
immediately O
draw O
a O
conclusion O
that O
the O
economic O
recovery O
has O
come O
to O
a O
halt O
or O
that O
signs O
of O
a O
economic O
contraction O
have O
emerged O
, O
" O
Kubo B-PER
said O
. O
" O

The O
economy O
is O
not O
recovering O
smoothly O
or O
at O
a O
fast O
pace O
. O
" O

Kubo B-PER
said O
he O
would O
make O
a O
decision O
on O
the O
need O
for O
a O
supplementary O
budget O
after O
an O
announcement O
in O
mid-September O
of O
Japan B-LOC
's O
gross O
domestic O
product O
for O
the O
April-June O
quarter O
. O

" O
I O
would O
like O
to O
see O
how O
the O
economy O
moved O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
1996 O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

China B-LOC
says O
militant O
Japan B-LOC
must O
face O
war O
past O
. O

BEIJING B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

China B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
called O
on O
Japan B-LOC
to O
acknowledge O
its O
wartime O
past O
and O
put O
a O
stop O
to O
a O
tide O
of O
resurgent O
militarism O
to O
prevent O
similar O
atrocities O
in O
future O
. O

" O
Some O
Japanese B-MISC
are O
still O
unrepentant O
about O
the O
atrocities O
committed O
by O
the O
Japanese B-MISC
militarists O
during O
the O
war O
, O
" O
said O
a O
commentary O
in O
the O
official O
China B-ORG
Daily I-ORG
. O

" O
If O
they O
are O
still O
undecided O
whether O
the O
war O
Japan B-LOC
launched O
was O
aggressive O
in O
nature O
, O
it O
will O
be O
difficult O
to O
tell O
whether O
they O
will O
do O
the O
same O
again O
, O
" O
the O
newspaper O
said O
. O

China B-LOC
raised O
indignant O
protests O
after O
several O
Japanese B-MISC
cabinet O
ministers O
visited O
a O
shrine O
dedicated O
to O
their O
country O
's O
war O
dead O
on O
August O
15 O
, O
the O
51st O
anniversary O
of O
Japan B-LOC
's O
World B-MISC
War I-MISC
Two I-MISC
surrender O
. O

" O
Numerous O
Japanese B-MISC
politicians O
have O
tried O
to O
whitewash O
their O
country O
's O
war O
atrocities O
in O
recent O
years O
, O
" O
the O
commentary O
said O
. O

China B-LOC
estimates O
35 O
million O
Chinese B-MISC
were O
killed O
or O
wounded O
by O
invading O
Japanese B-MISC
troops O
from O
1931 O
to O
1945 O
. O

" O
The O
Japanese B-MISC
have O
never O
genuinely O
apologised O
for O
their O
wartime O
crimes O
, O
" O
the O
commentary O
said O
. O

Japanese B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Ryutaro B-PER
Hashimoto I-PER
marked O
the O
August O
15 O
anniversary O
by O
expressing O
" O
remorse O
" O
for O
foreign O
victims O
of O
Japan B-LOC
's O
World B-MISC
War I-MISC
Two I-MISC
atrocities O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Japan B-LOC
coalition O
party O
leader O
plans O
to O
resign O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
leader O
of O
a O
junior O
partner O
in O
Japan B-LOC
's O
three-party O
ruling O
coalition O
plans O
to O
resign O
to O
quell O
a O
political O
rebellion O
, O
party O
officials O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
officials O
said O
New B-ORG
Party I-ORG
Sakigake I-ORG
President O
Masayoshi B-PER
Takemura I-PER
, O
finance O
minister O
until O
the O
beginning O
of O
this O
year O
, O
promised O
his O
resignation O
in O
a O
meeting O
with O
the O
politician O
who O
set O
off O
the O
rebellion O
in O
the O
smallest O
coalition O
member O
. O

They O
said O
the O
date O
of O
Takemura B-PER
's O
resignation O
would O
be O
determined O
by O
party O
officials O
. O

The O
Sakigake B-ORG
row O
has O
caused O
jitters O
in O
its O
coalition O
partners O
, O
Prime O
Minister O
Ryutaro B-PER
Hashimoto I-PER
's O
Liberal B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
( O
LDP B-ORG
) O
, O
the O
biggest O
grouping O
, O
and O
the O
Social B-ORG
Democratic I-ORG
Party I-ORG
. O

But O
analysts O
said O
the O
row O
was O
not O
expected O
to O
immediately O
destabilise O
the O
government O
as O
even O
if O
Sakigake B-ORG
splits O
apart O
it O
has O
so O
few O
seats O
a O
loss O
of O
support O
would O
not O
lead O
to O
a O
general O
election O
. O

The O
dispute O
pits O
Takemura B-PER
, O
who O
founded O
Sakigake B-ORG
in O
1993 O
as O
a O
reform-oriented O
LDP B-ORG
splinter O
group O
, O
against O
party O
official O
Yukio B-PER
Hatoyama I-PER
, O
who O
says O
he O
will O
leave O
Sakigake B-ORG
to O
form O
a O
reformist O
political O
group O
next O
month O
. O

Hatoyama B-PER
, O
the O
49-year-old O
grandson O
of O
a O
1950s O
prime O
minister O
, O
on O
Tuesday O
quit O
as O
Sakigake B-ORG
secretary O
general O
and O
has O
publicly O
snubbed O
the O
62-year-old O
Takemura B-PER
, O
pointedly O
ruling O
his O
mentor O
out O
as O
a O
possible O
member O
of O
the O
new O
political O
force O
. O

Marathon O
talks O
between O
the O
two O
former O
allies O
on O
Tuesday O
night O
and O
Wednesday O
morning O
failed O
to O
resolve O
the O
dispute O
over O
the O
role O
of O
Takemura B-PER
, O
seen O
by O
Hatoyama B-PER
backers O
as O
tainted O
by O
his O
senior O
role O
in O
the O
LDP-dominated B-MISC
coalition O
. O

The O
presence O
of O
Takemura B-PER
, O
whose O
role O
as O
finance O
minister O
in O
passing O
an O
unpopular O
plan O
to O
use O
taxpayer O
funds O
to O
wind O
up O
failed O
housing O
loan O
firms O
ruined O
his O
reputation O
as O
a O
reformer O
, O
has O
stalled O
Hatoyama B-PER
's O
efforts O
to O
attract O
to O
his O
new O
group O
defectors O
from O
the O
opposition O
camp O
, O
analysts O
said O
. O

Media O
reports O
say O
that O
at O
most O
10 O
of O
23 O
Sakigake B-ORG
members O
, O
joined O
by O
a O
handful O
of O
Social B-MISC
Democrats I-MISC
, O
will O
follow O
Hatoyama B-PER
when O
he O
bolts O
-- O
far O
short O
of O
the O
50 O
lawmakers O
needed O
to O
topple O
Hashimoto B-PER
's O
eight-month-old O
government O
. O

Hashimoto B-PER
-- O
who O
returns O
from O
a O
10-day O
Latin B-MISC
American I-MISC
tour O
on O
Saturday O
-- O
must O
call O
polls O
by O
mid-1997 O
, O
and O
has O
repeatedly O
said O
he O
would O
not O
call O
an O
early O
general O
election O
. O

But O
many O
analysts O
and O
politicians O
believe O
he O
may O
dissolve O
parliament O
soon O
after O
it O
reconvenes O
in O
early O
October O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Liu B-ORG
Chong I-ORG
Hing I-ORG
interim O
net O
up O
2.7 O
pct O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Six O
months O
ended O
June O
30 O

( O
in O
million O
HK$ B-MISC
unless O
stated O
) O

Shr O
( O
H.K. B-LOC
cents O
) O
65.61 O
vs O
63.87 O

Dividend O
( O
H.K. B-LOC
cents O
) O
18.0 O
vs O
18.0 O

Exceptional O
items O
nil O
vs O
nil O

Net O
249.53 O
vs O
242.94 O

Turnover O
119.49 O
vs O
134.40 O

Company O
name O
Liu B-ORG
Chong I-ORG
Hing I-ORG
Investment I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG

Books O
close O
September O
23-27 O

Dividend O
payable O
October O
8 O

NOTE O
- O
Liu B-ORG
Chong I-ORG
Hing I-ORG
engages O
in O
property O
development O
and O
investment O
, O
warehousing O
, O
banking O
and O
insurance O
services O
. O

-- O
Hong B-ORG
Kong I-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
( O
852 O
) O
2843 O
6368 O

-DOCSTART- O

Fire O
bomb O
hurled O
at O
U.S. B-LOC
consulate O
in O
Indonesia B-LOC
. O

JAKARTA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
fire O
bomb O
was O
thrown O
over O
the O
fence O
into O
the O
grounds O
of O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
Consulate-General O
in O
Indonesia B-LOC
's O
second O
largest O
city O
of O
Surabaya B-LOC
but O
no O
one O
was O
hurt O
, O
a O
mission O
official O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Craig B-PER
Stromme I-PER
, O
U.S. B-LOC
embassy O
spokesman O
in O
Jakarta B-LOC
, O
700 O
km O
( O
430 O
miles O
) O
west O
of O
Surabaya B-LOC
, O
confirmed O
the O
Tuesday O
morning O
attack O
. O

" O
Somebody O
threw O
a O
molotov O
cocktail O
over O
the O
fence O
and O
it O
went O
into O
the O
parking O
lot O
. O

It O
did O
n't O
hit O
anybody O
or O
anything O
, O
" O
Stromme B-PER
said O
. O

He O
said O
there O
was O
no O
immediate O
explanation O
for O
the O
attack O
or O
any O
information O
on O
those O
responsible O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Shanghai B-LOC
novelist O
murdered O
at O
home O
. O

SHANGHAI B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
Shanghai B-LOC
novelist O
was O
murdered O
at O
her O
home O
on O
Sunday O
, O
an O
official O
of O
the O
city O
's O
Writers B-ORG
Association I-ORG
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

The O
victim O
was O
Dai B-PER
Houying I-PER
, O
who O
wrote O
about O
China B-LOC
's O
1966-76 O
leftist O
Cultural B-MISC
Revolution I-MISC
and O
the O
lives O
of O
Chinese B-MISC
intellectuals O
, O
the O
official O
said O
. O

The O
killing O
was O
under O
investigation O
, O
she O
said O
. O

She O
gave O
no O
further O
details O
. O

Born B-LOC
in O
1937 O
in O
the O
central O
province O
of O
Anhui B-LOC
, O
Dai B-PER
came O
to O
Shanghai B-LOC
as O
a O
student O
and O
remained O
in O
the O
city O
as O
a O
prolific O
author O
and O
teacher O
of O
Chinese B-MISC
. O

She O
was O
divorced O
and O
lived O
alone O
, O
leaving O
one O
daughter O
who O
received O
university O
education O
in O
Hawaii B-LOC
and O
lives O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
, O
a O
friend O
said O
. O

Dai B-PER
's O
most O
famous O
book O
, O
" O
Ren B-MISC
A I-MISC
Ren I-MISC
" O
( O
People B-MISC
, I-MISC
People I-MISC
) O
, O
was O
translated O
into O
German B-MISC
and O
English B-MISC
, O
he O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hwa B-PER
Kay I-PER
plunges O
on O
rights O
issue O
, O
earnings O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Shares O
of O
Hwa B-ORG
Kay I-ORG
Thai I-ORG
Holdings I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
plunged O
to O
an O
all-time O
low O
after O
the O
company O
announced O
a O
rights O
issue O
plan O
and O
also O
reported O
a O
sharp O
fall O
in O
earnings O
, O
brokers O
said O
. O

The O
stock O
fell O
HK$ B-MISC
0.23 O
, O
or O
30.26 O
percent O
, O
to O
an O
all-time O
low O
of O
HK$ B-MISC
0.53 O
. O

" O
Investors O
unloaded O
their O
shares O
due O
to O
the O
poor O
earnings O
outlook O
following O
a O
sharp O
profit O
decline O
. O

The O
rights O
issue O
also O
prompted O
dilution O
fears O
, O
" O
said O
a O
dealing O
director O
at O
a O
local O
brokerage O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Japan B-LOC
July O
refined O
zinc O
imports O
off O
47.5 O
pct O
yr O
/ O
yr O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Japan B-LOC
's O
refined O
zinc O
imports O
in O
July O
totalled O
3,684 O
tonnes O
, O
off O
47.5 O
percent O
from O
7,011 O
tonnes O
in O
the O
same O
month O
a O
year O
earlier O
, O
according O
to O
Ministry B-ORG
of I-ORG
Finance I-ORG
data O
released O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Figures O
were O
as O
follows O
( O
in O
tonnes O
) O
: O

July O
96 O
June O
96 O
July O
95 O

Total O
3,684 O
3,292 O
7,011 O

Major O
suppliers O
: O

China B-LOC
961 O
1,683 O
5,539 O

Refined O
zinc O
imports O
in O
the O
first O
seven O
months O
of O
1996 O
totalled O
115,941 O
tonnes O
, O
up O
38.4 O
percent O
from O
83,801 O
tonnes O
in O
the O
year-ago O
period O
. O

-- O
Tokyo B-ORG
Commodities I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
( O
813 O
3432 O
6179 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
HK B-LOC
newspaper O
editorials O
- O
Aug O
28 O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

With O
307 O
days O
to O
go O
before O
the O
British B-MISC
colony O
reverts O
to O
China B-LOC
, O
the O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
media O
focused O
mainly O
on O
domestic O
issues O
concerning O
alleged O
pressure O
on O
a O
judge O
, O
cross O
straights O
relations O
and O
the O
democratic O
lobby O
's O
relationship O
with O
Beijing B-LOC
. O

The O
Beijing-funded B-MISC
WEN B-ORG
WEI I-ORG
PO I-ORG
said O
Taiwan B-LOC
's O
government O
could O
not O
hope O
to O
stem O
the O
island O
's O
economic O
and O
trade O
exchanges O
with O
China B-LOC
. O

The O
paper O
said O
that O
using O
administrative O
power O
to O
limit O
economic O
activities O
across O
the O
Taiwan B-LOC
strait O
would O
not O
work O
. O

MING B-ORG
PAO I-ORG
DAILY I-ORG
NEWS I-ORG
said O
it O
hoped O
Chinese B-MISC
officials O
would O
soon O
open O
dialogue O
with O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
's O
Democratic B-ORG
Party I-ORG
and O
the O
newly-established O
democracy O
lobby O
, O
Frontier B-ORG
, O
in O
order O
to O
ease O
anxieties O
in O
the O
lead-up O
to O
the O
handover O
. O

The O
English B-MISC
language O
SOUTH B-ORG
CHINA I-ORG
MORNING I-ORG
POST I-ORG
said O
the O
judiciary O
needed O
to O
take O
swift O
and O
decisive O
action O
in O
investigating O
the O
allegations O
that O
a O
judge O
had O
been O
subjected O
to O
pressure O
in O
a O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
immigration O
case O
involving O
allegations O
of O
fraud O
. O

The O
independence O
of O
the O
judiciary O
and O
the O
rule O
of O
law O
were O
of O
paramount O
importance O
to O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
's O
survival O
as O
a O
business O
centre O
. O

The O
Chinese B-MISC
language O
daily O
HONG B-ORG
KONG I-ORG
ECONOMIC I-ORG
TIMES I-ORG
said O
the O
Legal B-ORG
Department I-ORG
had O
been O
indecisive O
in O
its O
handling O
of O
the O
judge O
's O
case O
. O

Such O
hesitancy O
on O
the O
part O
of O
the O
government O
had O
damaged O
public O
confidence O
in O
the O
rule O
of O
law O
, O
the O
paper O
said O
. O

-- O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
newsroom O
( O
852 O
) O
2843 O
6441 O

-DOCSTART- O

Palestinian B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
frees O
rights O
activist O
. O

GAZA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
human O
rights O
activist O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
he O
had O
been O
released O
after O
more O
than O
two O
weeks O
in O
detention O
that O
followed O
his O
call O
for O
an O
inquiry O
into O
the O
death O
of O
a O
Gaza B-LOC
man O
interrogated O
by O
Palestinian B-MISC
police O
. O

Mohammad B-PER
Dahman I-PER
, O
director O
of O
the O
Gaza-based B-MISC
Addameer B-ORG
Prisoners I-ORG
Support I-ORG
Association I-ORG
, O
said O
he O
was O
freed O
on O
Tuesday O
without O
being O
charged O
. O

Palestinian B-MISC
Attorney-General O
Khaled B-PER
al-Qidra I-PER
was O
not O
immediately O
available O
to O
comment O
. O

Qidra B-PER
had O
said O
Dahman B-PER
was O
arrested O
on O
suspicion O
of O
making O
a O
false O
statement O
. O

The O
activist O
was O
detained O
by O
Palestinian B-MISC
intelligence O
service O
agents O
on O
August O
12 O
after O
publishing O
a O
statement O
demanding O
an O
investigation O
into O
the O
death O
of O
a O
Gaza B-LOC
man O
who O
had O
been O
questioned O
by O
Palestinian B-MISC
authorities O
. O

The O
Palestinian B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
said O
the O
dead O
man O
, O
Nahed B-PER
Dahlan I-PER
, O
had O
committed O
suicide O
. O

Human O
rights O
groups O
had O
protested O
about O
Dahman B-PER
's O
arrest O
in O
letters O
to O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
and O
to O
Qidra B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Spain B-LOC
- O
Aug O
28 O
. O

Headlines O
from O
major O
national O
newspapers O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

EL B-ORG
PAIS I-ORG

- O
Work O
groups O
and O
weekend O
arrest O
to O
quell O
juvenile O
violence O
in O
Basque B-LOC
Country I-LOC

EL B-ORG
MUNDO I-ORG

- O
Aleix B-PER
Vidal-Quadras I-PER
- O
Catalan B-MISC
nationalists O
are O
demanding O
my O
defenestration O

DIARIO B-ORG
16 I-ORG

- O
Catalan B-MISC
nationalists O
say O
the O
1997 O
budget O
will O
make O
Spaniards O
sweat O

ABC B-ORG

- O
Worldwide O
alarm O
over O
child O
prostitution O

CINCO B-ORG
DIAS I-ORG

- O
Banco B-ORG
Santander I-ORG
starts O
conquest O
of O
the O
east O
. O

EXPANSION B-ORG

- O
Government O
will O
finish O
pension O
reform O
before O
the O
year O
2000 O

GACETA B-ORG
DE I-ORG
LOS I-ORG
NEGOCIOS I-ORG

- O
Caja B-ORG
de I-ORG
Madrid I-ORG
stagnates O
during O
struggle O
for O
presidency O

-DOCSTART- O

Iran B-LOC
asks O
Bonn B-LOC
to O
extradite O
ex-president O
Banisadr B-PER
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Iran B-LOC
has O
asked O
Germany B-LOC
to O
extradite O
its O
former O
president O
Abolhassan B-PER
Banisadr I-PER
for O
alleged O
hijacking O
, O
an O
Iranian B-MISC
embassy O
spokesman O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Banisadr B-PER
angered O
Tehran B-LOC
last O
week O
by O
accusing O
top O
Iranian B-MISC
leaders O
of O
ordering O
the O
assassination O
of O
Iranian B-MISC
Kurdish I-MISC
leaders O
in O
a O
Berlin B-LOC
restaurant O
in O
1992 O
. O

He O
made O
the O
allegations O
at O
the O
trial O
of O
an O
Iranian B-MISC
and O
four O
Lebanese B-MISC
accused O
of O
carrying O
out O
the O
attack O
. O

An O
Iranian B-MISC
embassy O
spokesman O
said O
in O
response O
to O
an O
inquiry O
that O
Iran B-LOC
had O
formally O
requested O
Banisadr B-PER
's O
extradition O
for O
hijacking O
the O
military O
aircraft O
which O
he O
commandeered O
to O
flee O
Iran B-LOC
in O
July O
1981 O
. O

" O
We O
submitted O
the O
request O
three O
or O
four O
days O
ago O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

German B-MISC
authorities O
could O
not O
immediately O
be O
reached O
for O
comment O
. O

Banisadr B-PER
lives O
under O
round-the-clock O
security O
in O
France B-LOC
, O
fearing O
Tehran B-LOC
could O
make O
an O
attempt O
on O
his O
life O
. O

He O
is O
due O
back O
in O
Berlin B-LOC
on O
September O
5 O
to O
continue O
his O
testimony O
, O
which O
has O
backed O
up O
German B-MISC
prosecutors O
' O
allegations O
that O
Tehran B-LOC
ordered O
the O
attack O
on O
the O
exiled O
leaders O
. O

Three O
dissidents O
and O
their O
translator O
were O
killed O
in O
the O
gangland-style O
machinegun O
attack O
. O

Iran B-LOC
has O
warned O
Germany B-LOC
that O
bilateral O
relations O
could O
suffer O
if O
it O
pays O
heed O
to O
the O
testimony O
of O
Banisadr B-PER
, O
an O
architect O
of O
Iran B-LOC
's O
Islamic B-MISC
revolution O
who O
has O
been O
a O
sworn O
enemy O
of O
Tehran B-LOC
since O
he O
fell O
from O
favour O
after O
a O
year O
as O
president O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

NATO B-ORG
military O
chiefs O
to O
visit O
Iberia B-ORG
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Top O
military O
officials O
from O
North B-ORG
Atlantic I-ORG
Treaty I-ORG
Organisation I-ORG
countries O
will O
tour O
Spain B-LOC
and O
Portugal B-LOC
next O
month O
for O
their O
annual O
inspection O
of O
alliance O
country O
installations O
and O
forces O
. O

NATO B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
received O
on O
Wednesday O
that O
its O
military O
committee O
would O
visit O
the O
two O
countries O
between O
September O
8 O
and O
13 O
. O

The O
committee O
consists O
of O
the O
chiefs O
of O
defence O
staff O
of O
each O
alliance O
country O
except O
Iceland B-LOC
, O
which O
has O
no O
armed O
forces O
. O

NATO B-ORG
's O
top O
military O
men O
-- O
General O
George B-PER
Joulwan I-PER
, O
Supreme O
Allied O
Commander O
Europe B-LOC
, O
and O
General O
John B-PER
Sheehan I-PER
, O
Supreme O
Allied O
Commander O
Atlantic B-LOC
-- O
will O
also O
attend O
. O

The O
committee O
's O
last O
tour O
was O
in O
September O
1995 O
in O
Belgium B-LOC
, O
Luxembourg B-LOC
and O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
. O

REUTER B-PER

-DOCSTART- O

ISS B-ORG
says O
agreed O
sale O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
unit O
. O

COPENHAGEN B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Danish B-MISC
cleaning O
group O
ISS B-ORG
on O
Wednesday O
said O
it O
had O
signed O
a O
letter O
of O
intent O
to O
sell O
its O
troubled O
U.S B-LOC
unit O
ISS B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
to O
Canadian B-MISC
firm O
Aaxis B-ORG
Limited I-ORG
. O

An O
ISS B-ORG
statement O
said O
that O
Aaxis B-ORG
, O
with O
year-end O
1996 O
assets O
of O
US$ B-MISC
10.9 O
million O
and O
equity O
of O
$ O
10.5 O
million O
, O
would O
be O
listed O
on O
the O
Montreal B-LOC
stock O
exchange O
, O
but O
did O
not O
say O
when O
. O

It O
said O
that O
under O
the O
sale O
agreement O
, O
full O
financial O
details O
of O
which O
were O
not O
revealed O
, O
ISS B-ORG
would O
acquire O
a O
25 O
percent O
stake O
in O
Aaxis B-ORG
which O
would O
become O
an O
associated O
company O
within O
the O
ISS B-ORG
group O
trading O
under O
the O
ISS B-ORG
name O
and O
logo O
. O

ISS B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
senior O
management O
would O
continue O
to O
run O
the O
business O
under O
the O
new O
owners O
, O
it O
said O
. O

Danish B-MISC
analysts O
recently O
estimated O
ISS B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
's O
sale O
value O
at O
up O
to O
$ O
118 O
million O
. O

ISS B-ORG
said O
that O
the O
deal O
included O
ISS B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
operations O
in O
Mexico B-LOC
and O
the O
sale O
of O
ISS B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
interests O
in O
Brazil B-LOC
would O
be O
discussed O
. O

On O
August O
15 O
, O
ISS B-ORG
published O
first O
half O
1996 O
results O
showing O
a O
two O
billion O
crown O
loss O
caused O
by O
falsified O
accounts O
in O
ISS B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
and O
said O
that O
charges O
and O
provisions O
earlier O
estimated O
at O
$ O
100 O
million O
would O
have O
to O
be O
increased O
to O
$ O
146 O
million O
. O

It O
also O
wrote O
down O
all O
ISS B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
goodwill O
and O
Wednesday O
's O
statement O
said O
that O
the O
Aaxis B-ORG
purchase O
would O
not O
necessitate O
further O
write O
down O
if O
the O
sale O
were O
completed O
according O
to O
the O
terms O
of O
the O
letter O
of O
intent O
. O

-- O
Steve B-PER
Weizman I-PER
, O
Copenhagen B-LOC
newsroom O
+45 O
33969650 O

-DOCSTART- O

Iraq B-LOC
balks O
at O
U.N. B-ORG
staff O
for O
oil-for-food O
deal O
. O

Evelyn B-PER
Leopold I-PER

UNITED B-ORG
NATIONS I-ORG
1996-08-28 O

Iraq B-LOC
has O
balked O
at O
the O
number O
of O
U.N. B-ORG
staff O
needed O
to O
implement O
the O
oil-for-food O
deal O
, O
blaming O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
for O
insisting O
on O
stringent O
monitoring O
. O

In O
comments O
to O
reporters O
and O
a O
statement O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
Iraqi B-MISC
diplomats O
said O
the O
cost O
of O
the O
monitors O
and O
other O
staff O
, O
which O
Baghdad B-LOC
has O
to O
finance O
, O
surpasses O
funds O
allocated O
for O
electricity O
, O
water O
, O
sewers O
, O
education O
and O
agriculture O
. O

At O
issue O
was O
a O
May O
20 O
agreement O
allowing O
Iraq B-LOC
to O
sell O
$ O
2 O
billion O
worth O
of O
oil O
to O
purchase O
badly O
needed O
food O
, O
medicine O
and O
other O
supplies O
to O
ease O
the O
impact O
of O
sanctions O
in O
force O
since O
its O
troops O
invaded O
Kuwait B-LOC
in O
August O
1990 O
. O

The O
Iraqi B-MISC
statement O
said O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
was O
" O
interfering O
and O
pressing O
to O
augment O
the O
number O
of O
international O
staff O
and O
this O
is O
not O
legal O
and O
not O
justified O
. O
" O

Iraq B-LOC
's O
deputy O
ambassador O
, O
Saeed B-PER
Hasan I-PER
, O
noted O
that O
the O
May O
20 O
accord O
said O
that O
the O
number O
of O
personnel O
would O
be O
determined O
by O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
and O
that O
the O
government O
of O
Iraq B-LOC
would O
be O
consulted O
. O

Saeed B-PER
in O
his O
comments O
did O
not O
threaten O
to O
call O
off O
the O
deal O
and O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
officials O
said O
they O
expected O
it O
to O
go O
into O
force O
next O
month O
after O
Secretary-General O
Boutros B-PER
Boutros-Ghali I-PER
reports O
that O
arrangements O
are O
in O
place O
. O

The O
U.N. B-ORG
Department I-ORG
of I-ORG
Humanitarian I-ORG
Affairs I-ORG
( O
DHA B-ORG
) O
, O
which O
has O
to O
coordinate O
the O
distribution O
of O
food O
, O
medicine O
and O
other O
goods O
, O
increased O
the O
number O
of O
monitors O
earlier O
this O
month O
at O
the O
insistence O
of O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
. O

According O
to O
U.N. B-ORG
officials O
and O
diplomats O
, O
Iraq B-LOC
would O
have O
about O
$ O
1.13 O
billion O
to O
spend O
for O
food O
, O
medicine O
and O
other O
goods O
after O
monies O
for O
a O
reparations O
fund O
for O
Gulf B-MISC
War I-MISC
victims O
and O
costs O
for O
U.N. B-ORG
weapons O
inspections O
were O
deducted O
. O

The O
cost O
of O
the O
U.N. B-ORG
staff O
overseeing O
the O
distribution O
of O
food O
and O
other O
supplies O
was O
estimated O
to O
cost O
$ O
31 O
million O
. O

In O
addition O
another O
$ O
12 O
million O
was O
anticipated O
to O
cover O
other O
expenses O
, O
such O
as O
oil O
experts O
and O
administrative O
costs O
. O

For O
the O
distribution O
and O
supervision O
of O
humanitarian O
supplies O
the O
United B-ORG
Nations I-ORG
estimated O
it O
needed O
1,190 O
people O
, O
including O
267 O
international O
staff O
and O
923 O
Iraqi B-MISC
support O
staff O
. O

Of O
this O
number O
64 O
foreign O
and O
598 O
local O
staff O
would O
be O
in O
the O
northern O
Kurdish B-MISC
provinces O
, O
no O
longer O
the O
direct O
control O
of O
the O
Baghdad B-LOC
government O
. O

Another O
203 O
international O
staff O
and O
325 O
Iraqis B-MISC
would O
run O
the O
programme O
in O
the O
central O
and O
southern O
parts O
of O
the O
country O
. O

There O
are O
also O
14 O
monitors O
to O
watch O
oil O
flows O
, O
32 O
customs O
experts O
and O
four O
New B-MISC
York-based I-MISC
oil O
experts O
or O
overseers O
to O
approve O
contracts O
. O

Yasushi B-PER
Akashi I-PER
, O
the O
DHA B-ORG
undersecretary-general O
, O
told O
the O
Security B-ORG
Council I-ORG
last O
week O
that O
the O
" O
financial O
requirements O
to O
support O
the O
( O
humanitarian O
) O
programme O
represent O
a O
very O
modest O
percentile O
of O
the O
total O
... O

roughly O
3 O
percent O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

OFFICIAL B-ORG
JOURNAL I-ORG
CONTENTS O
- O
OJ B-ORG
C O
251 O
OF O
AUGUST O
29 O
, O
1996 O
. O

* O

( O
Note O
- O
contents O
are O
displayed O
in O
reverse O
order O
to O
that O
in O
the O
printed O
Journal B-ORG
) O

* O

Aircraft O
noise O
and O
emissions O
Economic O
assessment O
of O
proposals O
for O
a O
common O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
position O
for O
CAEP O
4 O
Consultancy O
services O
Call O
for O
tender O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/09 O
) O

Provision O
of O
overland O
transport O
services O
for O
material O
and O
equipment O
for O
European B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
delegations O
in O
European B-MISC
Third I-MISC
Countries I-MISC
and O
in O
the O
New B-MISC
Independent I-MISC
States I-MISC
( O
NIS B-MISC
) O
Contract O
notice O
No O
TRA O
/ O
96 O
/ O
003 O
/ O
IAE-3 O
- O
Open O
procedure O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/08 O
) O

Microfiche O
production O
system O
Open O
procedure O
Invitation O
to O
tender O
DI O
96/04 O
Micromation O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/07 O
) O

Aircraft O
noise O
and O
emissions O
Gaseous O
emissions O
from O
aircraft O
in O
the O
atmosphere O
Consultancy O
services O
Call O
for O
tender O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/06 O
) O

Tacis B-MISC
- O
support O
framework O
for O
the O
coordination O
and O
development O
of O
the O
Tacis B-MISC
information O
and O
communications O
programme O
Notice O
of O
open O
invitation O
to O
tender O
for O
a O
public O
service O
contract O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/05 O
) O

COUNCIL O
REGULATION O
( O
EEC B-ORG
) O
No O
4064/89 O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/04 O
) O

FINANCIAL O
STATEMENTS O
OF O
THE O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
COAL O
AND O
STEEL O
COMMUNITY O
AT O
31 O
DECEMBER O
1995 O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/03 O
) O

Average O
prices O
and O
representative O
prices O
for O
table O
wines O
at O
the O
various O
marketing O
centres O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/02 O
) O

Ecu B-MISC
( O
1 O
) O
28 O
August O
1996 O
( O
96 O
/ O
C O
251/01 O
) O
END O
OF O
DOCUMENT O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

EU B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
cool O
on O
changing O
beef O
cull O
plan O
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
European B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
would O
study O
scientific O
reports O
saying O
Britain B-LOC
's O
mad O
cow O
epidemic O
would O
die O
out O
by O
2001 O
but O
offered O
little O
prospect O
the O
findings O
would O
change O
an O
agreed O
slaughter O
campaign O
. O

" O
Obviously O
we O
are O
interested O
in O
this O
research O
. O

We O
will O
ask O
the O
( O
EU B-ORG
) O
scientific O
and O
veterinary O
committee O
to O
examine O
it O
, O
" O
Commission B-ORG
spokesman O
Gerard B-PER
Kiely I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

But O
he O
added O
that O
new O
research O
into O
the O
dynamics O
of O
the O
bovine O
spongiform O
encephalopathy O
( O
BSE B-MISC
) O
, O
a O
fatal O
brain-wasting O
disease O
suffered O
by O
cattle O
, O
was O
unlikely O
to O
alter O
a O
slaughter O
plan O
agreed O
by O
Britain B-LOC
and O
its O
14 O
EU B-ORG
partners O
. O

" O
We O
agreed O
that O
following O
detailed O
scientific O
analysis O
using O
a O
methodology O
which O
would O
take O
out O
the O
maximum O
number O
of O
BSE B-MISC
cases O
possible O
. O

I O
think O
it O
would O
be O
very O
difficult O
to O
sell O
to O
the O
European B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
a O
programme O
which O
would O
involve O
the O
elimination O
of O
fewer O
BSE B-MISC
cases O
, O
" O
Kiely B-PER
said O
. O

" O
We O
will O
look O
at O
our O
approach O
( O
to O
the O
plan O
) O
but O
we O
wo O
n't O
get O
involved O
with O
the O
number O
of O
animals O
to O
be O
slaughtered O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

" O
We O
have O
always O
avoided O
the O
question O
of O
numbers O
of O
animals O
to O
be O
slaughtered O
, O
that O
's O
not O
the O
issue O
. O

The O
issue O
is O
the O
protection O
of O
consumers O
' O
health O
and O
the O
rapid O
eradication O
of O
BSE B-MISC
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

The O
reaction O
is O
likely O
to O
disappoint O
British B-MISC
farmers O
, O
who O
seized O
on O
research O
by O
Oxford B-ORG
scientists O
in O
the O
scientific O
journal O
Nature B-ORG
saying O
it O
would O
be O
hard O
to O
get O
rid O
of O
the O
disease O
any O
faster O
than O
2001 O
without O
killing O
vast O
numbers O
of O
cattle O
. O

The O
researchers O
predicted O
there O
would O
be O
340 O
new O
infections O
and O
14,000 O
new O
cases O
of O
BSE B-MISC
before O
2001 O
. O

British B-MISC
farmers O
' O
leader O
called O
on O
Wednesday O
for O
an O
urgent O
meeting O
with O
ministers O
to O
discuss O
the O
report O
. O

" O
I O
hope O
the O
government O
will O
now O
make O
it O
clear O
they O
believe O
there O
is O
a O
better O
way O
of O
dealing O
with O
this O
issue O
, O
" O
National B-ORG
Farmers I-ORG
Union I-ORG
president O
Sir O
David B-PER
Naish I-PER
told O
BBC B-ORG
radio I-ORG
. O

Naish B-PER
said O
there O
was O
no O
need O
for O
Britain B-LOC
to O
carry O
out O
a O
planned O
cull O
of O
some O
147,000 O
cattle O
to O
which O
it O
had O
reluctantly O
agreed O
to O
placate O
its O
European B-MISC
partners O
. O

" O
The O
new O
evidence O
to O
me O
means O
some O
of O
that O
proposal O
should O
be O
re-examined O
because O
we O
could O
get O
away O
with O
considerably O
less O
animals O
being O
culled O
if O
in O
fact O
scientists O
throughout O
Europe B-LOC
accepted O
this O
evidence O
, O
" O
Naish B-PER
said O
. O

The O
report O
could O
well O
reopen O
a O
damaging O
row O
between O
Britain B-LOC
and O
the O
EU B-ORG
, O
which O
slapped O
a O
worldwide O
ban O
on O
British B-MISC
beef O
after O
the O
government O
said O
there O
could O
be O
a O
link O
between O
BSE B-MISC
and O
the O
human O
form O
of O
the O
disease O
. O

The O
issue O
flared O
in O
in O
March O
when O
government O
scientists O
admitted O
that O
people O
could O
become O
infected O
with O
Creutzfeldt-Jakob B-MISC
Disease I-MISC
( O
CJD B-MISC
) O
from O
eating O
BSE-infected B-MISC
beef O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

French B-MISC
farmers O
set O
up O
blockades O
in O
mad O
cow O
protest O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Thousands O
of O
farmers O
threw O
up O
roadblocks O
across O
France B-LOC
overnight O
, O
stopping O
and O
checking O
lorries O
suspected O
of O
importing O
meat O
from O
outside O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
, O
French B-MISC
radios O
reported O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Radio O
stations O
said O
around O
15,000 O
farmers O
, O
angered O
by O
a O
fall O
in O
beef O
prices O
following O
the O
mad O
cow O
disease O
crisis O
, O
staged O
protests O
in O
many O
areas O
and O
blockaded O
several O
main O
roads O
and O
motorways O
. O

By O
3 O
a.m. O
( O
0100 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
more O
than O
2,000 O
lorries O
had O
been O
stopped O
and O
searched O
. O

European B-MISC
beef O
sales O
plunged O
after O
Britain B-LOC
announced O
the O
discovery O
of O
a O
likely O
link O
between O
bovine O
spongiform O
encephalopathy O
( O
BSE B-MISC
) O
, O
or O
mad O
cow O
disease O
, O
and O
its O
fatal O
human O
equivalent O
Creutzfeldt-Jakob B-MISC
Disease I-MISC
( O
CJD B-MISC
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF B-LOC
- O
BRITISH B-MISC
MASTERS I-MISC
SECOND O
ROUND O
SCORES O
. O

NORTHAMPTON B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Leading O
scores O
after O

the O
second O
round O
of O
the O
British B-MISC
Masters I-MISC
on O
Thursday O
( O
British B-MISC

unless O
stated O
) O
: O

140 O
Robert B-PER
Allenby I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
69 O
71 O
, O
Mark B-PER
Roe I-PER
69 O
71 O

141 O
Francisco B-PER
Cea I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
70 O
71 O
, O
Gavin B-PER
Levenson I-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O

66 O
75 O

142 O
Daniel B-PER
Chopra I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
74 O
68 O

143 O
David B-PER
Gilford I-PER
69 O
74 O

144 O
Peter B-PER
O'Malley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
71 O
73 O
, O
Costantino B-PER
Rocca I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

71 O
73 O
, O
Colin B-PER
Montgomerie I-PER
68 O
76 O
, O
David B-PER
Howell I-PER
70 O
74 O
, O
Mark B-PER

Davis B-PER
71 O
73 O

145 O
Peter B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
74 O
71 O
, O
Philip B-PER
Walton I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
71 O
74 O
, O
Retief B-PER

Goosen B-PER
( O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
) O
71 O
74 O
, O
Ove B-PER
Sellberg I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
71 O
74 O
, O

Peter B-PER
Hedblom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
70 O
75 O
, O
Pedro B-PER
Linhart I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
72 O
73 O
, O

Mike B-PER
Clayton I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
69 O
76 O
, O
Emanuele B-PER
Canonica I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O

69 O
76 O
, O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
75 O
70 O

146 O
Iain B-PER
Pyman I-PER
71 O
75 O
, O
Eduardo B-PER
Romero I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
70 O
76 O
, O
Ian B-PER

Woosnam B-PER
70 O
76 O
, O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Jimenez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
74 O
72 O
, O
Klas B-PER

Eriksson B-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
71 O
75 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Eales I-PER
75 O
71 O

147 O
Antoine B-PER
Lebouc I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
74 O
73 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Curry I-PER
76 O
71 O
, O
Andrew B-PER

Coltart B-PER
72 O
75 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Lawrie I-PER
72 O
75 O
, O
Jose B-PER
Coceres I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O

69 O
78 O
, O
Raymond B-PER
Russell I-PER
69 O
78 O
, O
Roger B-PER
Chapman I-PER
71 O
76 O
, O
Paul B-PER

Affleck B-PER
74 O
73 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
SORENSEN B-PER
WINS O
FOURTH O
STAGE O
OF O
TOUR B-MISC
OF I-MISC
NETHERLANDS I-MISC
. O

DOETINCHEM B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Leading O
results O
and O
overall O
standings O
after O
the O
19.6 O
kilometre O
fourth O
stage O
of O
the O
Tour B-MISC
of I-MISC
the I-MISC
Netherlands I-MISC
on O
Thursday O
, O
a O
time O
trial O
starting O
and O
finishing O
in O
Doetinchem B-LOC
. O

1. O
Rolf B-PER
Sorensen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG
22 O
minutes O
40 O
seconds O

2. O
Lance B-PER
Armstrong I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
1 O
second O
behind O

3. O
Vyacheslav B-PER
Ekimov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG
29 O
seconds O
behind O

4. O
Erik B-PER
Dekker I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG
43 O

5. O
Giunluca B-PER
Gorini I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Aki B-ORG
45 O

6. O
Erik B-PER
Breukink I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG
48 O

7. O
Wilfried B-PER
Peeters I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Mapei B-ORG
51 O

8. O
Bart B-PER
Voskamp I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG
53 O

9. O
Michael B-PER
Andersson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
Telekom B-ORG
54 O

10. O
Gregory B-PER
Randolph I-PER
( O
USA B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
1 O
minute O
3 O
seconds O

Leading O
overall O
placings O
after O
three O
stages O
: O

1. O
Sorensen B-PER
11.20:33 O

2. O
Armstrong B-PER
3 O
seconds O
behind O

3. O
Ekimov B-PER
1 O
minute O
7 O
seconds O

4. O
Marco B-PER
Lietti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
MG-Technogym B-ORG
1 O
minute O
14 O
seconds O

5. O
Dekker B-PER
1 O
minute O
21 O
seconds O

6. O
Breukink B-PER
1 O
minute O
26 O
seconds O

7. O
Maarten B-PER
den I-PER
Bakker I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG
1 O
minute O
31 O
seconds O

8. O
Voskamp B-PER
same O
time O

9. O
Andersson B-PER
1 O
minute O
32 O
seconds O

10. O
Olaf B-PER
Ludwig I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Telekom B-ORG
1 O
minute O
44 O
seconds O

The O
race O
continues O
on O
Friday O
with O
the O
178 O
kilometre O
fifth-stage O
from O
Zevenaar B-LOC
to O
Venray B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
BEAT O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
IN O
FIRST O
ONE-DAYER O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

England B-LOC
beat O
Pakistan B-LOC
by O
five O
wickets O
to O
win O
the O
first O
one-day O
( O
50 O
overs-a-side O
) O
international O
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

Scores O
: O
Pakistan B-LOC
225-5 O
innings O
closed O
( O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
57 O
) O
, O
England B-LOC
226-5 O
in O
46.4 O
overs O
( O
M. B-PER
Atherton I-PER
65 O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
WORLD O
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Results O
at O
the O
world O
track O
cycling O
championships O
on O
Thursday O
: O

Individual O
pursuit O
semifinals O
( O
over O
4,000 O
metres O
) O
: O

Chris B-PER
Boardman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
4:15.006 O
beat O
Alexei B-PER
Markov I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
4:23.029 O

Andrea B-PER
Collinelli I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
4:16.141 O
beat O
Francis B-PER
Moreau I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
4:19.665 O

Moreau B-PER
takes O
bronze O
medal O
as O
faster O
losing O
semifinalist O
. O

Final O
: O

Chris B-PER
Boardman I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
4:11.114 O
( O
world O
record O
) O
beat O
Andrea B-PER
Collinelli I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
4:20.341 O

Olympic B-MISC
sprint O
championship O
( O
three-man O
teams O
) O
: O

1. O
Australia B-LOC
( O
Darryn B-PER
Hill I-PER
, O
Shane B-PER
Kelly I-PER
, O
Gary B-PER
Neiwand I-PER
) O
44.804 O

seconds O

2. O
Germany B-LOC
( O
Jens B-PER
Fiedler I-PER
, O
Michael B-PER
Hubner I-PER
, O
Soren B-PER
Lausberg I-PER
) O

45.455 O

3. O
France B-LOC
( O
Laurent B-PER
Gane I-PER
, O
Florian B-PER
Rousseau I-PER
, O
Herve B-PER
Thuet I-PER
) O

45.810 O

4. O
Greece B-LOC
( O
Dimitrios B-PER
Georgalis I-PER
, O
Georgios B-PER
Chimonetos I-PER
, O
Lampros B-PER

Vasilopoulos B-PER
) O
46.538 O

Women O
's O
world O
sprint O
championship O
quarter-finals O
( O
best O
of O

three O
matches O
) O
: O

Magali B-PER
Faure I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kathrin B-PER
Freitag I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
two O

matches O
to O
nil O
( O
with O
times O
for O
the O
last O
200 O
metres O
of O
11.833 O

seconds O
and O
12.033 O
seconds O
) O

Felicia B-PER
Ballanger I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Oksana B-PER
Grichina I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
2-0 O
, O

( O
11.776 O
/ O
12.442 O
) O

Tanya B-PER
Dubnicoff I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
beat O
Michelle B-PER
Ferris I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
2-0 O
, O

( O
12.211 O
/ O
12.208 O
) O

Annett B-PER
Neumann I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Galina B-PER
Enioukhina I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
2-0 O
, O

( O
12.434 O
/ O
12.177). O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
CROFT B-PER
RESTRICTS O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
TO O
225-5 O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Tight O
bowling O
from O
Glamorgan B-ORG
off-spinner O
Robert B-PER
Croft I-PER
helped O
England B-LOC
to O
restrict O
Pakistan B-LOC
to O
225 O
for O
five O
in O
their O
50 O
overs O
in O
the O
first O
one-day O
international O
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

Croft B-PER
, O
who O
was O
one O
of O
the O
few O
Englishmen B-MISC
to O
make O
a O
good O
impression O
in O
his O
test O
debut O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
last O
week O
, O
showed O
great O
control O
as O
he O
first O
dried O
up O
the O
early O
flow O
of O
Pakistan B-LOC
runs O
and O
then O
collected O
the O
wickets O
of O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
and O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
in O
a O
spell O
of O
10-1-36-2 O
. O

There O
was O
also O
a O
wicket O
each O
for O
Ronnie B-PER
Irani I-PER
, O
Allan B-PER
Mullally I-PER
and O
Darren B-PER
Gough I-PER
although O
there O
was O
no O
joy O
for O
Dean B-PER
Headley I-PER
who O
, O
along O
with O
Lancashire B-ORG
batsman O
Graham B-PER
Lloyd I-PER
, O
was O
making O
his O
international O
debut O
. O

After O
Wasim B-PER
had O
won O
the O
toss O
and O
chosen O
to O
bat O
first O
, O
Pakistani B-MISC
made O
an O
excellent O
start O
as O
Sohail B-PER
and O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
continued O
their O
good O
form O
with O
an O
opening O
partnership O
of O
82 O
. O

Anwar B-PER
, O
who O
struck O
a O
superb O
176 O
at O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
, O
was O
the O
more O
aggressive O
as O
he O
made O
57 O
from O
75 O
balls O
before O
skying O
a O
catch O
off O
Irani B-PER
to O
Mullally B-PER
at O
long-on O
. O

Sohail B-PER
and O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
then O
added O
59 O
for O
the O
second O
wicket O
before O
England B-LOC
struck O
back O
with O
three O
wickets O
for O
19 O
in O
the O
space O
of O
five O
overs O
. O

First O
, O
Sohail B-PER
, O
after O
making O
48 O
, O
was O
bowled O
by O
Croft B-PER
as O
he O
stepped O
back O
to O
try O
and O
hit O
through O
the O
off-side O
. O

Wasim B-PER
, O
who O
promoted O
himself O
to O
number O
four O
in O
the O
order O
, O
followed O
for O
six O
when O
Croft B-PER
drifted O
another O
well-flighted O
delivery O
behind O
his O
legs O
. O

Shortly O
after O
Ijaz B-PER
was O
also O
back O
in O
the O
pavilion O
for O
48 O
after O
Irani B-PER
had O
repaid O
Mullally B-PER
with O
another O
good O
catch O
at O
long-on O
. O

Gough B-PER
later O
bowled O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
with O
an O
inswinging O
yorker O
but O
Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
, O
37 O
not O
out O
, O
and O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
took O
Pakistan B-LOC
to O
225 O
for O
five O
when O
the O
overs O
ran O
out O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
ONE-DAY O
SCOREBOARD O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Scoreboard O
of O
the O

first O
one-day O
( O
50 O
overs-a-side O
) O
match O
between O
England B-LOC
and O

Pakistan B-LOC
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
: O

Pakistan B-LOC

Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
c O
Mullally B-PER
b O
Irani B-PER
57 O

Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
48 O

Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
c O
Irani B-PER
b O
Mullally B-PER
48 O

Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
b O
Croft B-PER
6 O

Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
not O
out O
37 O

Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Gough B-PER
10 O

Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
not O
out O
6 O

Extras O
( O
b-2 O
lb-4 O
w-7 O
) O
13 O

Total O
( O
for O
5 O
wickets O
, O
innings O
closed O
) O
225 O

Fall O
: O
1-82 O
2-141 O
3-160 O
4-174 O
5-203 O
. O

Did O
Not O
Bat O
: O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
, O
Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
, O

Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
. O

Bowling O
: O
Gough B-PER
10-0-44-1 O
, O
Mullally B-PER
10-3-31-1 O
, O
Headley B-PER

10-0-52-0 O
, O
Irani B-PER
10-0-56-1 O
, O
Croft B-PER
10-1-36-2 O
. O

England B-LOC

N. B-PER
Knight I-PER
c O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
26 O

A. B-PER
Stewart I-PER
lbw O
b O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
48 O

M. B-PER
Atherton I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
65 O

G. B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
st O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
b O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
23 O

M. B-PER
Maynard I-PER
b O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
41 O

G. B-PER
Lloyd I-PER
not O
out O
2 O

R. B-PER
Irani I-PER
not O
out O
6 O

Extras O
( O
lb-4 O
w-7 O
nb-4 O
) O
15 O

Total O
( O
for O
5 O
wickets O
, O
46.4 O
overs O
) O
226 O

Fall O
of O
wickets O
: O
1-57 O
2-98 O
3-146 O
4-200 O
5-220 O
. O

Did O
not O
bat O
: O
R. B-PER
Croft I-PER
, O
D. B-PER
Gough I-PER
, O
D. B-PER
Headley I-PER
, O
A. B-PER
Mullally I-PER
. O

Bowling O
: O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
9.4-1-45-3 O
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
7-0-28-1 O
, O

Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
10-1-54-0 O
, O
Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
3-0-14-0 O
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER

10-0-52-0 O
, O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
7-1-29-1 O
. O

Result O
: O
England B-LOC
won O
by O
five O
wickets O
. O

Second O
match O
: O
August O
31 O
, O
Edgbaston B-LOC
( O
Birmingham B-LOC
) O

Third O
: O
September O
1 O
, O
Trent B-LOC
Bridge I-LOC
( O
Nottingham B-LOC
) O

-DOCSTART- O

LOMBARDI B-PER
WINS O
THIRD O
STAGE O
OF O
TOUR B-MISC
OF I-MISC
NETHERLANDS I-MISC
. O

DOETINCHEM B-LOC
, O
Netherlands B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Leading O
results O
and O
overall O
standings O
after O
the O
122 O
kilometre O
third O
stage O
of O
the O
Tour B-MISC
of I-MISC
the I-MISC
Netherlands I-MISC
on O
Thursday O
between O
Almere B-LOC
and O
Doetinchem B-LOC
. O

1. O
Giovanni B-PER
Lombardi I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Polti B-ORG
2 O
hours O
35 O
minutes O

29 O
seconds O

2. O
Rolf B-PER
Sorensen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
Rabobank B-ORG

3. O
Lance B-PER
Armstrong I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG

4. O
Maarten B-PER
den I-PER
Bakker I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG
all O
same O
time O

5. O
Marco B-PER
Lietti I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
MG-Technogym B-ORG
1 O
second O
behind O

6. O
Hans B-PER
de I-PER
Clerq I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Palmans B-ORG
27 O
seconds O

7. O
Marty B-PER
Jemison I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
U.S. B-ORG
Postal I-ORG

8. O
Servais B-PER
Knaven I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG

9. O
Olaf B-PER
Ludwig I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
Telekom B-ORG
all O
same O
time O

10. O
Jeroen B-PER
Blijlevens I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
TVM B-ORG
31 O

Leading O
overall O
placings O
after O
three O
stages O
: O

1. O
Sorensen B-PER
10.57:33 O

2. O
Lombardi B-PER
1 O
second O
behind O

3. O
Armstrong B-PER
2 O
seconds O

4. O
Den B-PER
Bakker I-PER
7 O

5. O
Lietti B-PER
8 O

6. O
Federico B-PER
Colonna I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Mapei B-ORG
27 O

7. O
Max B-PER
van I-PER
Heeswijk I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Motorola B-ORG
28 O

8. O
Sven B-PER
Teutenberg I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
U.S. B-ORG
Postal I-ORG
31 O

9. O
Johan B-PER
Capiot I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
Collstrop B-ORG
32 O

10. O
Jans B-PER
Koerts I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
Palmans B-ORG
34 O

The O
race O
continues O
on O
Thursday O
afternoon O
with O
a O
19.6 O
fourth-stage O
Doetinchem-Doetinchem B-MISC
time O
trial O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLAND B-LOC
V O
PAKISTAN B-LOC
TOSS O
AND O
TEAMS O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Pakistan B-LOC
won O
the O
toss O
and O
elected O
to O
bat O
in O
the O
first O
one-day O
cricket O
international O
between O
England B-LOC
and O
Pakistan B-LOC
at O
Old B-LOC
Trafford I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
. O

Teams O
: O

England B-LOC
- O
Mike B-PER
Atherton I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Nick B-PER
Knight I-PER
, O
Alec B-PER
Stewart I-PER
, O
Graham B-PER
Thorpe I-PER
, O
Matthew B-PER
Maynard I-PER
, O
Graham B-PER
Lloyd I-PER
, O
Ronnie B-PER
Irani I-PER
, O
Robert B-PER
Croft I-PER
, O
Darren B-PER
Gough I-PER
, O
Dean B-PER
Headley I-PER
, O
Alan B-PER
Mullally I-PER
. O

Pakistan B-LOC
: O
Aamir B-PER
Sohail I-PER
, O
Saeed B-PER
Anwar I-PER
, O
Ijaz B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Inzamam-ul-Haq B-PER
, O
Salim B-PER
Malik I-PER
, O
Wasim B-PER
Akram I-PER
( O
captain O
) O
, O
Moin B-PER
Khan I-PER
, O
Mushtaq B-PER
Ahmed I-PER
, O
Waqar B-PER
Younis I-PER
, O
Ata-ur-Rehman B-PER
, O
Saqlain B-PER
Mushtaq I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CRICKET O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
COUNTY I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP I-MISC
SCORES O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Close O
of O
play O
scores O
in O
English B-MISC
county O
championship O
matches O
on O
Thursday O
: O

Tunbridge B-LOC
Wells I-LOC
: O
Nottinghamshire B-ORG
40-3 O
v O
Kent B-ORG

London B-LOC
( O
The B-LOC
Oval I-LOC
) O
: O
Warwickshire B-ORG
195 O
( O
A. B-PER
Giles I-PER
50 O
; O
B. B-PER
Julian I-PER
4-66 O
, O
C. B-PER
Lewis I-PER
4-45 O
) O
, O
Surrey B-ORG
82-0 O
. O

Hove B-LOC
: O
Sussex B-ORG
285-6 O
( O
W. B-PER
Athey I-PER
111 O
) O
v O
Lancashire B-ORG

Leeds B-ORG
( O
Headingley B-LOC
) O
: O
Yorkshire B-ORG
290 O
( O
C. B-PER
White I-PER
76 O
, O
M. B-PER
Moxon I-PER
59 O
, O
R. B-PER
Blakey I-PER
57 O
) O
, O
Essex B-ORG
79-2 O
. O

Chester-le-Street B-LOC
: O
Glamorgan B-ORG
259 O
( O
P. B-PER
Cottey I-PER
81 O
; O
M. B-PER
Saggers I-PER
6-65 O
) O
and O
8-0 O
, O
Durham B-ORG
114 O
( O
S. B-PER
Watkin I-PER
4-28 O
) O

Chesterfield B-LOC
: O
Worcestershire B-ORG
238 O
( O
W. B-PER
Weston I-PER
100 O
not O
out O
, O
V. B-PER
Solanki I-PER
58 O
; O
A. B-PER
Harris I-PER
4-31 O
) O
, O
Derbyshire B-ORG
166-1 O
( O
K. B-PER
Barnett I-PER
83 O
not O
out O
) O

Portsmouth B-LOC
: O
Middlesex B-ORG
199 O
and O
226-1 O
( O
J. B-PER
Pooley I-PER
106 O
not O
out O
, O
M. B-PER
Ramprakash I-PER
81 O
not O
out O
) O
, O
Hampshire B-ORG
232 O
( O
A. B-PER
Fraser I-PER
5-55 O
, O
R. B-PER
Fay I-PER
4-77 O
) O

Leicester B-LOC
: O
Somerset B-ORG
83 O
( O
D. B-PER
Millns I-PER
4-35 O
) O
, O
Leicestershire B-ORG
202-5 O

Bristol B-LOC
: O
Gloucestershire B-ORG
183 O
( O
J. B-PER
Russell I-PER
50 O
) O
, O
Northamptonshire B-ORG
123-4 O
( O
K. B-PER
Curran I-PER
51 O
not O
out O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

RUGBY B-ORG
UNION I-ORG
- O
TELFER B-PER
CONFIRMED O
FOR O
LIONS B-ORG
COACHING O
ROLE O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Scotland B-LOC
's O
Jim B-PER
Telfer I-PER
was O
officially O
confirmed O
on O
Thursday O
as O
assistant O
coach O
for O
the O
British B-ORG
Lions I-ORG
tour O
to O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
next O
year O
. O

Telfer B-PER
, O
who O
has O
put O
on O
hold O
his O
role O
as O
Scotland B-LOC
team O
manager O
for O
a O
year O
, O
will O
act O
as O
assistant O
to O
Ian B-PER
McGeechan I-PER
. O

The O
pair O
last O
worked O
together O
when O
Scotland B-LOC
won O
the O
Five B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
grand O
slam O
in O
1990 O
. O

The O
tour O
party O
will O
be O
announced O
towards O
the O
end O
of O
March O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
CHRISTIE B-PER
TO O
RUN O
IN O
BERLIN B-LOC
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Linford B-PER
Christie I-PER
has O
confirmed O
he O
will O
run O
in O
a O
" O
Dream B-ORG
Team I-ORG
" O
sprint O
relay O
at O
the O
Berlin B-LOC
grand O
prix O
athletics O
meeting O
on O
Friday O
. O

A O
spokeswoman O
for O
Christie B-PER
said O
the O
former O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
metres O
champion O
had O
agreed O
to O
captain O
a O
quality O
quartet O
which O
also O
includes O
Canada B-LOC
's O
Donovan B-PER
Bailey I-PER
, O
the O
current O
Olympic B-MISC
champion O
and O
world O
record O
holder O
, O
and O
Namibian O
Frankie B-PER
Fredericks I-PER
. O

Christie B-PER
is O
retiring O
from O
international O
competition O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
season O
, O
but O
Berlin B-LOC
promoter O
Rudi B-PER
Thiel I-PER
has O
persuaded O
him O
to O
join O
what O
is O
intended O
to O
be O
a O
special O
tribute O
to O
Jesse B-PER
Owens I-PER
, O
who O
won O
four O
gold O
medals O
60 O
years O
ago O
at O
the O
Berlin B-LOC
Olympics B-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GROBBELAAR B-PER
NAMED O
TEMPORARY O
ZIMBABWE B-LOC
COACH O
. O

HARARE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

England-based B-MISC
goalkeeper O
Bruce B-PER
Grobbelaar I-PER
has O
been O
appointed O
temporary O
head O
coach O
of O
the O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
national O
soccer O
team O
for O
two O
international O
matches O
, O
the O
Zimbabwe B-ORG
Football I-ORG
Association I-ORG
( O
ZIFA B-ORG
) O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

ZIFA B-ORG
vice-chairman O
Vincent B-PER
Pamire I-PER
said O
Grobbelaar B-PER
would O
take O
charge O
for O
a O
match O
against O
Tanzania B-LOC
in O
Harare B-LOC
on O
September O
29 O
in O
the O
five-nation O
Castle B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
of I-MISC
Africa I-MISC
tournament O
and O
an O
African B-MISC
Nations I-MISC
' I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
first O
round O
qualifier O
against O
Sudan B-LOC
in O
Khartoum B-LOC
on O
October O
5 O
. O

Grobbelaar B-PER
takes O
over O
until O
a O
permanent O
replacement O
is O
appointed O
for O
Zimbabwe B-LOC
's O
previous O
coach O
, O
Switzerland B-LOC
's O
Marc B-PER
Duvillard I-PER
. O

Grobbelaar B-PER
now O
plays O
for O
English B-MISC
second O
division O
leaders O
Plymouth B-ORG
Argyle I-ORG
after O
years O
in O
the O
top O
flight O
with O
Liverpool B-ORG
and O
Southampton B-ORG
. O

Grobbelaar B-PER
, O
fellow O
goalkeeper O
Hans B-PER
Segers I-PER
, O
retired O
striker O
John B-PER
Fashanu I-PER
and O
Malaysian B-MISC
businessman O
Heng B-PER
Suan I-PER
Lim I-PER
pleaded O
not O
guilty O
in O
May O
to O
charges O
of O
giving O
or O
accepting O
bribes O
to O
fix O
English B-MISC
premier O
league O
matches O
. O

They O
are O
due O
to O
stand O
trial O
next O
January O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BASKETBALL O
- O
OLYMPIAKOS B-ORG
BEAT O
DINAMO B-ORG
69-60 O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Olympiakos B-ORG
of O
Greece B-LOC
beat O
Russia B-LOC
's O
Dinamo B-ORG
69-60 O
( O
halftime O
35-23 O
) O
in O
the O
third O
match O
of O
an O
international O
basketball O
tournament O
on O
Thursday O
, O
qualifying O
for O
the O
finals O
. O

Partizan B-ORG
and O
Red B-ORG
Star I-ORG
of O
Yugoslavia B-LOC
, O
Alba B-ORG
of O
Germany B-LOC
, O
and O
Benetton B-ORG
of O
Italy B-LOC
are O
also O
taking O
part O
in O
the O
event O
which O
continues O
until O
Saturday O
. O

Add O
results O

Partizan B-ORG
beat O
Benetton B-ORG
97-94 O
( O
halftime O
39-32 O
) O
. O

Final O
Partizan B-ORG
v O
Olympiakos B-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SQUASH O
- O
HONG B-MISC
KONG I-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
SECOND O
ROUND O
RESULTS O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Second O
round O
results O
in O
the O
Hong B-MISC
Kong I-MISC
Open I-MISC
on O
Thursday O
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

1 O
- O
Jansher B-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Simon B-PER
Frenz I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
15-12 O
15-7 O
12-15 O
15-10 O

Mark B-PER
Cairns I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
beat O
Joseph B-PER
Kneipp I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
8-15 O
15-12 O
15-8 O
15-8 O

Anthony B-PER
Hill I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mir B-PER
Zaman I-PER
Gul I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
15-12 O
15-11 O
15-13 O

Dan B-PER
Jenson I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
3 O
- O
Brett B-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
15-9 O
17-14 O
7-15 O
9-15 O
15-14 O

4 O
- O
Peter B-PER
Nicol I-PER
( O
Scotland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jonathon B-PER
Power I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
15-10 O
15-9 O
15-9 O

7 O
- O
Chris B-PER
Walker I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
beat O
Amr B-PER
Shabana I-PER
( O
Egypt B-LOC
) O
15-13 O
15-10 O
15-6 O

Derek B-PER
Ryan I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Paul B-PER
Johnson I-PER
( O
England B-LOC
) O
10-15 O
15-5 O
12-15 O
15-12 O
15-11 O

2 O
- O
Rodney B-PER
Eyles I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Zubair B-PER
Jahan I-PER
Khan I-PER
( O
Pakistan B-LOC
) O
15-10 O
15-8 O
9-15 O
13-15 O
15-4 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
SOUTH B-MISC
KOREAN I-MISC
PRO-SOCCER O
GAMES O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC
pro-soccer O

games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

Chonan B-ORG
4 O
Anyang B-ORG
1 O
( O
halftime O
1-0 O
) O

Suwon B-ORG
4 O
Pusan B-ORG
0 O
( O
halftime O
2-0 O
) O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
- O

won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O
for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

W O
D O
L O
G O
/ O
F O
G O
/ O
A O
P O

Chonan B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
13 O
10 O
9 O

Puchon B-ORG
2 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
0 O
7 O

Suwon B-ORG
1 O
3 O
0 O
7 O
3 O
6 O

Pohang B-ORG
1 O
1 O
1 O
8 O
8 O
4 O

Ulsan B-ORG
1 O
0 O
1 O
6 O
6 O
3 O

Anyang B-ORG
0 O
3 O
1 O
6 O
9 O
3 O

Chonnam B-ORG
0 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
5 O
2 O

Pusan B-ORG
0 O
2 O
1 O
3 O
7 O
2 O

Chonbuk B-ORG
0 O
0 O
2 O
2 O
5 O
0 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
RESULTS O
OF O
S. B-MISC
KOREAN I-MISC
PRO-BASEBALL O
GAMES O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Results O
of O
South B-MISC
Korean I-MISC

pro-baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

LG B-ORG
5 O
OB B-ORG
1 O

OB B-ORG
4 O
LG B-ORG
3 O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
12 O
Hanwha B-ORG
0 O

Hanwha B-ORG
12 O
Ssangbangwool B-ORG
5 O

Lotte B-ORG
4 O
Hyundai B-ORG
0 O

Samsung B-ORG
7 O
Haitai B-ORG
1 O

Note O
- O
LG B-ORG
and O
OB B-ORG
, O
Ssangbangwool B-ORG
and O
Hanwha B-ORG
played O
two O
games O
. O

Standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
tabulate O
under O

won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
, O
games O
behind O
first O
place O
) O

W O
D O
L O
PCT O
GB O

Haitai B-ORG
63 O
2 O
42 O
.598 O
- O

Ssangbangwool B-ORG
59 O
2 O
48 O
.500 O
5 O

Hanwha B-ORG
57 O
1 O
49 O
.537 O
6 O
1/2 O

Hyundai B-ORG
56 O
5 O
48 O
.536 O
6 O
1/2 O

Samsung B-ORG
48 O
5 O
55 O
.468 O
14 O

Lotte B-ORG
45 O
6 O
53 O
.462 O
14 O
1/2 O

LG B-ORG
45 O
5 O
59 O
.436 O
17 O
1/2 O

OB B-ORG
42 O
6 O
61 O
.413 O
20 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
THURSDAY O
'S O
RESULTS O
FROM O
THE O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Results O
of O
second O
round O
matches O
on O
Thursday O
in O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
Tennis I-MISC
Championships I-MISC
at O
the O
National B-LOC
Tennis I-LOC
Centre I-LOC
( O
prefix O
number O
denotes O
seeding O
) O
: O

Women O
's O
singles O

Anna B-PER
Kournikova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Natalia B-PER
Baudone I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-3 O

Rita B-PER
Grande I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
beat O
Tina B-PER
Krizan I-PER
( O
Slovenia B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-0 O

Els B-PER
Callens I-PER
( O
Belgium B-LOC
) O
beat O
Annabel B-PER
Ellwood I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
6-4 O

1-6 O
6-1 O

Elena B-PER
Likhovtseva I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Lila B-PER
Osterloh I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Sandra B-PER
Dopfer I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nanne B-PER
Dahlman I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
2-6 O
6-2 O

6- O
3 O

Men O
's O
singles O

13 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Enqvist I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
beat O
Guillaume B-PER
Raoux I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-3 O

6- O
2 O
6-3 O

Sergi B-PER
Bruguera I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Michael B-PER
Stich I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O

6-4 O

Jakob B-PER
Hlasek I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Alberto B-PER
Berasategui I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O
7-6 O
( O
9-7 O
) O
6-0 O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

1 O
- O
Steffi B-PER
Graf I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Karin B-PER
Kschwendt I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
6-1 O

Naoko B-PER
Kijimuta I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
beat O
Alexandra B-PER
Fusai I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
7-5 O

Natasha B-PER
Zvereva I-PER
( O
Belarus B-LOC
) O
beat O
Ai B-PER
Sugiyama I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
4-6 O
6-4 O
6-3 O

14 O
- O
Barbara B-PER
Paulus I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Elena B-PER
Wagner I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
7-5 O
7-6 O
( O
7-5 O
) O

Petra B-PER
Langrova I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Naoko B-PER
Sawamatsu I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
6- O
4 O
3-6 O
7-5 O

17 O
- O
Karina B-PER
Habsudova I-PER
( O
Slovakia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nathalie B-PER
Dechy I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-2 O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

7 O
- O
Jana B-PER
Novotna I-PER
( O
Czech B-LOC
Republic I-LOC
) O
beat O
Florencia B-PER
Labat I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
4-6 O
6-2 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

3 O
- O
Thomas B-PER
Muster I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Dirk B-PER
Dier I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
6-3 O
6-2 O
6-4 O

Pablo B-PER
Campana I-PER
( O
Ecuador B-LOC
) O
beat O
Mark B-PER
Knowles I-PER
( O
Bahamas B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-3 O
) O
3 O
- O
6 O
6-3 O
6-7 O
( O
3-7 O
) O
6-3 O

Jason B-PER
Stoltenberg I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
beat O
Kenneth B-PER
Carlsen I-PER
( O
Denmark B-LOC
) O
6- O
3 O
7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O
6-3 O

Arnaud B-PER
Boetsch I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Magnus B-PER
Gustafsson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
8- O
6 O
) O
6-3 O
6-1 O

Add O
Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

16 O
- O
Martina B-PER
Hingis I-PER
( O
Switzerland B-LOC
) O
beat O
Miriam B-PER
Oremans I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O

Tami B-PER
Whitlinger I-PER
Jones I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Amy B-PER
Frazier I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
7-6 O
( O
7-3 O
) O
6-2 O

Judith B-PER
Wiesner I-PER
( O
Austria B-LOC
) O
beat O
Debbie B-PER
Graham I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
7-5 O

Add O
Men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

6 O
- O
Andre B-PER
Agassi I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Leander B-PER
Paes I-PER
( O
India B-LOC
) O
3-6 O
6-4 O
6-1 O
6-0 O

Javier B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jim B-PER
Grabb I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-2 O
7-6 O
( O
7-3 O
) O
2-6 O
6-3 O

Hernan B-PER
Gumy I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
beat O
Jared B-PER
Palmer I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
6-7 O
( O
5-7 O
) O
6-3 O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O
0-6 O
7-6 O
( O
7-1 O
) O

: O

Women O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

3 O
- O
Arantxa B-PER
Sanchez I-PER
Vicario I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
beat O
Nicole B-PER
Arendt I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O

6-2 O
6-2 O

Men O
's O
singles O
, O
second O
round O

David B-PER
Wheaton I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
beat O
Frederic B-PER
Vitoux I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O

4-6 O
7-6 O
( O
7-4 O
) O

Jan B-PER
Siemerink I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
beat O
Carlos B-PER
Moya I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
7-6 O

( O
7-2 O
) O
6-4 O
6-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
STANDINGS O
AFTER O
WEDNESDAY O
'S O
GAMES O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Major B-MISC
League I-MISC
Baseball I-MISC

standings O
after O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
tabulate O
under O
won O
, O

lost O
, O
winning O
percentage O
and O
games O
behind O
) O
: O

AMERICAN B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
74 O
58 O
.561 O
- O

BALTIMORE B-ORG
70 O
62 O
.530 O
4 O

BOSTON B-ORG
69 O
65 O
.515 O
6 O

TORONTO B-ORG
63 O
71 O
.470 O
12 O

DETROIT B-ORG
47 O
86 O
.353 O
27 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

CLEVELAND B-ORG
80 O
53 O
.602 O
- O

CHICAGO B-ORG
71 O
64 O
.526 O
10 O

MINNESOTA B-ORG
66 O
67 O
.496 O
14 O

MILWAUKEE B-ORG
64 O
70 O
.478 O
16 O
1/2 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
61 O
73 O
.455 O
19 O
1/2 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

TEXAS B-ORG
75 O
58 O
.564 O
- O

SEATTLE B-ORG
69 O
63 O
.523 O
5 O
1/2 O

OAKLAND B-ORG
64 O
72 O
.471 O
12 O
1/2 O

CALIFORNIA B-ORG
61 O
72 O
.459 O
14 O

THURSDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
29TH O
SCHEDULE O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
AT O
DETROIT B-LOC

MINNESOTA B-ORG
AT O
MILWAUKEE B-LOC

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
AT O
CALIFORNIA B-LOC

BALTIMORE B-ORG
AT O
SEATTLE B-LOC

NATIONAL B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC

EASTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

W O
L O
PCT O
GB O

ATLANTA B-ORG
82 O
49 O
.626 O
- O

MONTREAL B-ORG
71 O
60 O
.542 O
11 O

FLORIDA B-ORG
63 O
70 O
.474 O
20 O

NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
59 O
74 O
.444 O
24 O

PHILADELPHIA B-ORG
54 O
80 O
.403 O
29 O
1/2 O

CENTRAL B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

HOUSTON B-ORG
72 O
62 O
.537 O
- O

ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
69 O
64 O
.519 O
2 O
1/2 O

CINCINNATI B-ORG
65 O
67 O
.492 O
6 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
64 O
66 O
.492 O
6 O

PITTSBURGH B-ORG
56 O
76 O
.424 O
15 O

WESTERN B-MISC
DIVISION I-MISC

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
74 O
60 O
.552 O
- O

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
71 O
61 O
.538 O
2 O

COLORADO B-ORG
70 O
64 O
.522 O
4 O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
57 O
74 O
.435 O
15 O
1/2 O

THURSDAY O
, O
AUGUST O
29TH O
SCHEDULE O

SAN B-ORG
DIEGO I-ORG
AT O
NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

CHICAGO B-ORG
AT O
HOUSTON B-LOC

CINCINNATI B-ORG
AT O
COLORADO B-LOC

ATLANTA B-ORG
AT O
PITTSBURGH B-LOC

LOS B-ORG
ANGELES I-ORG
AT O
MONTREAL B-LOC

FLORIDA B-ORG
AT O
ST B-LOC
LOUIS I-LOC

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
YANKEES B-ORG
BRAWL O
AND O
CONTINUE O
TO O
SLIDE O
. O

SEATTLE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Jay B-PER
Buhner I-PER
hit O
a O
three-run O
homer O
and O
former O
Yankee B-MISC
Terry B-PER
Mulholland I-PER
allowed O
one O
run O
over O
seven O
innings O
as O
the O
Seattle B-ORG
Mariners I-ORG
completed O
a O
sweep O
of O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
with O
a O
10-2 O
victory O
in O
a O
game O
marred O
by O
a O
bench-clearing O
brawl O
. O

Including O
the O
last O
three O
games O
of O
last O
October O
's O
Divisional O
Playoff O
Series O
, O
the O
Mariners B-ORG
have O
beaten O
the O
Yankees B-ORG
12 O
of O
the O
past O
15 O
meetings O
overall O
and O
14 O
of O
the O
last O
16 O
in O
the O
Kingdome B-LOC
. O

Five O
players O
were O
ejected O
after O
Yankees B-ORG
' O
outfielder O
Paul B-PER
O'Neill I-PER
and O
Seattle B-ORG
catcher O
John B-PER
Marzano I-PER
got O
into O
a O
fight O
after O
O'Neill B-PER
had O
been O
brushed O
back O
. O

In O
Baltimore B-LOC
, O
Don B-PER
Wengert I-PER
threw O
a O
nine-hitter O
for O
his O
first O
shutout O
and O
Jose B-PER
Herrera I-PER
had O
a O
two-run O
double O
in O
a O
three-run O
fifth O
inning O
as O
the O
Oakland B-ORG
Athletics I-ORG
blanked O
the O
Baltimore B-ORG
Orioles I-ORG
3-0 O
. O

Wengert B-PER
( O
7-9 O
) O
, O
who O
failed O
to O
record O
a O
shutout O
in O
his O
previous O
86 O
starts O
in O
either O
the O
minors O
or O
majors O
, O
did O
not O
walk O
a O
batter O
and O
struck O
out O
three O
for O
Oakland B-ORG
. O

In O
Chicago B-LOC
, O
James B-PER
Baldwin I-PER
scattered O
five O
hits O
over O
seven O
scoreless O
innings O
and O
Ray B-PER
Durham I-PER
and O
Ozzie B-PER
Guillen I-PER
had O
RBI B-MISC
hits O
in O
the O
second O
inning O
as O
the O
Chicago B-ORG
White I-ORG
Sox I-ORG
blanked O
the O
Milwaukee B-ORG
Brewers I-ORG
2-0 O
. O

Baldwin B-PER
( O
10-4 O
) O
struck O
out O
four O
and O
did O
not O
walk O
a O
batter O
for O
Chicago B-LOC
, O
which O
won O
for O
only O
the O
fourth O
time O
in O
15 O
games O
. O

Dave B-PER
Nilsson I-PER
had O
three O
hits O
for O
the O
Brewers B-ORG
. O

In O
Kansas B-LOC
City I-LOC
, O
Jose B-PER
Offerman I-PER
's O
single O
with O
two O
out O
in O
the O
12th O
inning O
scored O
Johnny B-PER
Damon I-PER
with O
the O
winning O
run O
and O
lifted O
the O
Kansas B-ORG
City I-ORG
Royals I-ORG
to O
a O
4-3 O
victory O
over O
the O
Texas B-ORG
Rangers I-ORG
. O

Rick B-PER
Huisman I-PER
( O
1-1 O
) O
allowed O
one O
hit O
and O
a O
walk O
in O
the O
12th O
to O
post O
his O
first O
major-league O
win O
. O

In O
Toronto B-LOC
, O
Pat B-PER
Hentgen I-PER
tossed O
a O
five-hitter O
for O
his O
fifth O
consecutive O
complete O
game O
and O
three O
players O
drove O
in O
two O
runs O
apiece O
as O
the O
Toronto B-ORG
Blue I-ORG
Jays I-ORG
defeated O
the O
Minnesota B-ORG
Twins I-ORG
6-1 O
for O
their O
ninth O
win O
in O
11 O
games O
. O

Hentgen B-PER
( O
17-7 O
) O
surrendered O
just O
three O
doubles O
and O
a O
pair O
of O
singles O
in O
tossing O
his O
major-league O
leading O
ninth O
complete O
game O
. O

He O
walked O
three O
and O
struck O
out O
three O
in O
winning O
for O
the O
10th O
time O
in O
his O
last O
11 O
decisions O
. O

In O
Detroit B-LOC
, O
Orel B-PER
Hershiser I-PER
recorded O
his O
fourth O
straight O
win O
and O
Albert B-PER
Belle I-PER
snapped O
a O
sixth-inning O
tie O
with O
a O
grand O
slam O
as O
the O
Cleveland B-ORG
Indians I-ORG
completed O
a O
season O
sweep O
of O
the O
Detroit B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
with O
a O
9-3 O
victory O
. O

Hershiser B-PER
( O
14-7 O
) O
, O
who O
allowed O
three O
runs O
, O
eight O
hits O
and O
one O
walk O
with O
five O
strikeouts O
over O
seven O
innings O
, O
improved O
to O
4-0 O
in O
his O
last O
six O
starts O
, O
including O
a O
pair O
of O
wins O
over O
Detroit B-ORG
in O
the O
last O
11 O
days O
. O

At O
California B-LOC
, O

In O
Seattle B-LOC
, O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
MAJOR B-MISC
LEAGUE I-MISC
RESULTS O
WEDNESDAY O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Results O
of O
Major B-MISC
League I-MISC

Baseball O
games O
played O
on O
Wednesday O
( O
home O
team O
in O
CAPS O
) O
: O

National B-MISC
League I-MISC

COLORADO B-ORG
10 O
Cincinnati B-ORG
9 O

MONTREAL B-ORG
6 O
Los B-ORG
Angeles I-ORG
5 O

Atlanta B-ORG
9 O
PITTSBURGH B-ORG
4 O

San B-ORG
Diego I-ORG
3 O
NEW B-ORG
YORK I-ORG
2 O
( O
10 O
innings O
) O

HOUSTON B-ORG
5 O
Chicago B-ORG
4 O
( O
11 O
innings O
) O

Florida B-ORG
3 O
ST B-ORG
LOUIS I-ORG
2 O
( O
10 O
innings O
) O

SAN B-ORG
FRANCISCO I-ORG
7 O
Philadelphia B-ORG
6 O

American B-MISC
League I-MISC

Cleveland B-ORG
9 O
DETROIT B-ORG
3 O

CHICAGO B-ORG
2 O
Milwaukee B-ORG
0 O

Oakland B-ORG
3 O
BALTIMORE B-ORG
0 O

TORONTO B-ORG
6 O
Minnesota B-ORG
1 O

KANSAS B-ORG
CITY I-ORG
4 O
Texas B-ORG
3 O
( O
12 O
innings O
) O

Boston B-ORG
7 O
CALIFORNIA B-ORG
4 O

SEATTLE B-ORG
10 O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
2 O

-DOCSTART- O

TENNIS O
- O
MARTINEZ B-PER
GETS O
AGGRESSIVE O
AT O
U.S. B-MISC
OPEN I-MISC
. O

Larry B-PER
Fine I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Conchita B-PER
Martinez I-PER
decided O
that O
when O
in O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
, O
do O
as O
the O
New B-MISC
Yorkers I-MISC
do O
-- O
and O
the O
Spaniard B-MISC
's O
new-found O
aggressiveness O
seems O
to O
have O
put O
her O
in O
the O
right O
frame O
of O
mind O
for O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Open I-MISC
. O

The O
fourth-seeded O
Spaniard B-MISC
, O
who O
is O
tackling O
the O
world O
class O
traffic O
of O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
City I-LOC
as O
a O
warm-up O
by O
driving O
to O
the O
tennis O
centre O
for O
her O
matches O
, O
ran O
over O
France B-LOC
's O
Nathalie B-PER
Tauziat I-PER
6-1 O
6-3 O
on O
Wednesday O
to O
take O
her O
place O
in O
the O
third O
round O
. O

" O
I O
've O
been O
trying O
my O
whole O
career O
to O
be O
aggressive O
, O
" O
said O
the O
24-year-old O
Martinez B-PER
after O
crushing O
Tauziat B-PER
in O
just O
over O
an O
hour O
. O

" O
What O
I O
'm O
trying O
to O
do O
is O
be O
aggressive O
all O
the O
time O
, O
maybe O
go O
up O
to O
the O
net O
a O
few O
times O
like O
I O
did O
tonight O
. O

That O
would O
really O
help O
. O
" O

Martinez B-PER
, O
the O
1994 O
Wimbledon B-MISC
champion O
, O
used O
to O
struggle O
at O
the O
Open B-MISC
, O
but O
has O
come O
to O
terms O
with O
the O
noise O
, O
crowds O
and O
chaos O
. O

" O
There O
is O
a O
lot O
of O
things O
that O
can O
happen O
, O
" O
Martinez B-PER
said O
about O
her O
early O
difficulties O
adjusting O
to O
tennis O
on O
the O
cement O
at O
Flushing B-LOC
Meadows I-LOC
. O

" O
Like O
traffic O
. O

We O
stay O
in O
Manhattan B-LOC
and O
it O
's O
a O
long O
way O
to O
come O
. O

The O
crowds O
, O
they O
speak O
louder O
or O
they O
move O
. O

That O
does O
n't O
happen O
in O
other O
Grand B-MISC
Slams I-MISC
. O

That O
's O
where O
the O
real O
champion O
wins O
. O

You O
have O
to O
concentrate O
for O
these O
two O
weeks O
. O
" O

It O
took O
Martinez B-PER
four O
Opens O
to O
get O
as O
far O
as O
the O
quarters O
, O
and O
another O
four O
to O
match O
that O
. O

Last O
year O
, O
Martinez B-PER
, O
who O
finished O
1995 O
ranked O
second O
in O
the O
world O
, O
reached O
the O
semifinals O
before O
bowing O
out O
to O
Monica B-PER
Seles I-PER
. O

Now O
she O
feels O
she O
is O
in O
the O
swing O
of O
things O
. O

" O
I O
have O
my O
own O
car O
now O
and O
that O
helps O
, O
" O
said O
Martinez B-PER
. O

" O
Sometimes O
the O
transportation O
they O
( O
the O
tournament O
) O
provide O
gets O
a O
little O
messed O
up O
. O

This O
time O
it O
did O
n't O
happen O
. O

I O
do O
the O
driving O
and O
I O
love O
it O
. O

It O
gets O
my O
adrenalin O
going O
, O
those O
taxi O
drivers O
. O

" O
We O
change O
lanes O
all O
the O
time O
in O
Barcelona B-LOC
. O

I O
'm O
used O
to O
it O
and O
I O
like O
to O
drive O
fast O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

BASEBALL O
- O
BRAVES B-ORG
SIGN O
NEAGLE B-PER
. O

ATLANTA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

The O
defending O
world O
champion O
Atlanta B-ORG
Braves I-ORG
, O
with O
the O
best O
record O
and O
best O
pitching O
in O
baseball O
, O
added O
another O
weapon O
Wednesday O
, O
acquiring O
Denny B-PER
Neagle I-PER
, O
the O
winningest O
left-hander O
in O
the O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
, O
from O
the O
Pittsburgh B-ORG
Pirates I-ORG
. O

The O
Pirates B-ORG
, O
who O
conceded O
earlier O
this O
week O
they O
would O
be O
forced O
to O
trim O
salary O
from O
next O
season O
's O
payroll O
, O
received O
Ron B-PER
Wright I-PER
, O
a O
first O
baseman O
at O
Double-A O
Greenville B-ORG
; O
Corey B-PER
Pointer I-PER
, O
a O
pitcher O
at O
Class-A O
Eugene B-ORG
, O
and O
a O
player O
to O
be O
named O
. O

It O
was O
another O
stunning O
mid-season O
acquisition O
for O
the O
Braves B-ORG
, O
who O
already O
have O
an O
11-game O
lead O
in O
the O
National B-MISC
League I-MISC
Eastern I-MISC
Division I-MISC
. O

In O
the O
last O
15 O
days O
, O
Atlanta B-LOC
has O
traded O
for O
third O
baseman O
Terry B-PER
Pendleton I-PER
, O
claimed O
outfielder O
Luis B-PER
Polonia I-PER
on O
waivers O
and O
called O
up O
minor-league O
phenom O
Andruw B-PER
Jones I-PER
, O
all O
in O
preparation O
for O
their O
fifth O
post-season O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
SUMMARY O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Summary O
of O
Dutch B-MISC
first O
division O
soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Thursday O
: O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
1 O
( O
Abdellaoui B-PER
20th O
penalty O
) O
NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
1 O
( O
Graef B-PER
36th O
) O
. O

Halftime O
1-1 O
. O

Attendance O
10,760 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
DUTCH B-MISC
FIRST O
DIVISION O
RESULTS O
/ O
STANDINGS O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Result O
of O
a O
Dutch B-MISC
first O

division O
soccer O
match O
played O
on O
Thursday O
: O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
1 O
NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
1 O

Played O
on O
Wednesday O
: O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
1 O
Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
1 O

Utrecht B-ORG
0 O
Twente B-ORG
Enschede I-ORG
0 O

Groningen B-ORG
1 O
Roda B-ORG
JC I-ORG
Kerkrade I-ORG
1 O

Feyenoord B-ORG
2 O
Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
1 O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
1 O
RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
3 O

Volendam B-ORG
1 O
PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
3 O

Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
1 O
AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
0 O

Played O
on O
Tuesday O
: O

Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
2 O
Heerenveen B-ORG
4 O

Standings O
( O
tabulate O
under O
played O
, O
won O
, O
drawn O
, O
lost O
, O
goals O

for O
, O
goals O
against O
, O
points O
) O
: O

PSV B-ORG
Eindhoven I-ORG
3 O
3 O
0 O
0 O
11 O
3 O
9 O

Feyenoord B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
6 O
2 O
7 O

Vitesse B-ORG
Arnhem I-ORG
3 O
2 O
1 O
0 O
4 O
1 O
7 O

Heerenveen B-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
7 O
5 O
6 O

Ajax B-ORG
Amsterdam I-ORG
3 O
2 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
6 O

Twente B-ORG
Enschede I-ORG
3 O
1 O
2 O
0 O
4 O
2 O
5 O

RKC B-ORG
Waalwijk I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
7 O
6 O
4 O

Graafschap B-ORG
Doetinchem I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
5 O
5 O
4 O

NAC B-ORG
Breda I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
4 O

Fortuna B-ORG
Sittard I-ORG
3 O
1 O
1 O
1 O
3 O
4 O
4 O

Roda B-ORG
JC I-ORG
Kerkrade I-ORG
3 O
0 O
3 O
0 O
3 O
3 O
3 O

Utrecht B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
3 O
2 O

Sparta B-ORG
Rotterdam I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
1 O
2 O
2 O

Groningen B-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
2 O

NEC B-ORG
Nijmegen I-ORG
3 O
0 O
2 O
1 O
2 O
5 O
2 O

Willem B-ORG
II I-ORG
Tilburg I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
1 O
4 O
1 O

AZ B-ORG
Alkmaar I-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
1 O
0 O
3 O
1 O

Volendam B-ORG
3 O
0 O
1 O
2 O
2 O
7 O
1 O

-DOCSTART- O

ATHLETICS O
- O
JOHNSON B-PER
, O
CHRISTIE B-PER
, O
BAILEY B-PER
TO O
RUN O
OWENS B-PER
RELAY O
. O

Adrian B-PER
Warner I-PER

BERLIN B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Olympic B-MISC
champions O
Michael B-PER
Johnson I-PER
and O
Donovan B-PER
Bailey I-PER
and O
former O
champion O
Linford B-PER
Christie I-PER
will O
run O
in O
a O
" O
Dream B-ORG
Team I-ORG
" O
sprint O
relay O
squad O
in O
honour O
of O
Jesse B-PER
Owens I-PER
on O
Friday O
. O

Johnson B-PER
, O
the O
200 O
metres O
world O
record O
holder O
, O
and O
Britain B-LOC
's O
1992 O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
champion O
Christie B-PER
confirmed O
on O
Thursday O
that O
they O
would O
join O
100 O
record O
holder O
Bailey B-PER
and O
Namibia B-LOC
's O
Frankie B-PER
Fredericks I-PER
in O
one O
of O
the O
greatest O
4x100 O
squads O
ever O
assembled O
. O

They O
will O
run O
against O
quartets O
from O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
Europe B-LOC
and O
Africa B-LOC
in O
a O
special O
race O
at O
the O
Berlin B-LOC
Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
meeting O
to O
mark O
the O
60th O
anniversary O
of O
Owens B-PER
's O
four O
gold O
medals O
at O
the O
1936 O
Olympics B-MISC
in O
the O
German B-MISC
capital O
. O

Christie B-PER
will O
run O
the O
anchor O
leg O
after O
Canada B-LOC
's O
Bailey B-PER
, O
American B-MISC
Johnson B-PER
and O
Olympic B-MISC
silver O
medallist O
Fredericks B-PER
have O
run O
the O
first O
three O
stages O
of O
the O
relay O
. O

The O
participation O
of O
Bailey B-PER
and O
Fredericks B-PER
had O
been O
known O
before O
Thursday O
. O

But O
Christie B-PER
did O
not O
announce O
his O
decision O
to O
run O
until O
the O
eve O
of O
the O
meeting O
when O
organisers O
also O
confirmed O
Johnson B-PER
would O
take O
part O
. O

Christie B-PER
is O
due O
to O
retire O
from O
international O
competition O
at O
the O
end O
of O
the O
season O
although O
he O
may O
compete O
for O
Britain B-LOC
in O
next O
season O
's O
European B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

Although O
Christie B-PER
, O
who O
is O
not O
racing O
the O
individual O
100 O
metres O
in O
Berlin B-LOC
, O
took O
his O
time O
to O
agree O
to O
run O
, O
the O
veteran O
was O
clearly O
delighted O
to O
be O
part O
of O
the O
tribute O
to O
the O
black O
American B-MISC
. O

When O
five O
former O
Olympic B-MISC
100 O
champions O
from O
1948 O
to O
1980 O
, O
who O
have O
been O
invited O
to O
watch O
the O
race O
, O
turned O
up O
at O
a O
news O
conference O
on O
Thursday O
, O
Christie B-PER
was O
quick O
to O
put O
his O
autograph O
book O
in O
front O
of O
the O
them O
. O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
normally O
do O
this O
but O
can O
you O
please O
sign O
, O
" O
he O
said O
thrusting O
an O
ornate O
white O
book O
in O
front O
of O
Americans B-MISC
Harrison B-PER
Dillard I-PER
( O
1948 O
) O
, O
Lindy B-PER
Remigino I-PER
( O
1952 O
) O
, O
Jim B-PER
Hines I-PER
( O
1968 O
) O
, O
Trinidad B-LOC
's O
Hasely B-PER
Crawford I-PER
( O
1976 O
) O
and O
Britain B-LOC
's O
Allan B-PER
Wells I-PER
( O
1980 O
) O
. O

" O
Jesse B-PER
Owens I-PER
inspired O
everyone O
here O
and O
it O
is O
great O
to O
have O
a O
tribute O
to O
him O
. O
" O

Owens B-PER
's O
widow O
Ruth B-PER
is O
not O
well O
enough O
to O
attend O
but O
a O
message O
from O
her O
will O
be O
read O
out O
by O
the O
sprinter O
's O
grand-daughter O
Gina B-PER
Tillman I-PER
during O
the O
meeting O

Berlin B-LOC
organisers O
hoped O
to O
have O
American B-MISC
1984 O
and O
1988 O
champion O
Carl B-PER
Lewis I-PER
in O
the O
squad O
but O
he O
injured O
himself O
in O
last O
Friday O
's O
Brussels B-LOC
meeting O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
GENOA B-ORG
AWARDED O
ITALIAN B-MISC
CUP I-MISC
WIN O
. O

MILAN B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Italian B-MISC
soccer O
's O
sports O
judge O
on O
Thursday O
ruled O
that O
Genoa B-ORG
, O
beaten O
3-0 O
by O
Lecce B-ORG
in O
the O
first O
round O
of O
the O
Italian B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
, O
should O
be O
awarded O
a O
2-0 O
victory O
because O
their O
opponents O
fielded O
a O
banned O
player O
. O

The O
ruling O
meant O
that O
serie O
B O
club O
Genoa B-ORG
now O
meet O
local O
serie B-MISC
A I-MISC
arch-rivals O
Sampdoria B-ORG
in O
the O
second O
round O
. O

Genoa B-ORG
appealed O
after O
their O
defeat O
last O
Saturday O
on O
the O
grounds O
that O
Lecce B-ORG
striker O
Jonathan B-PER
Bachini I-PER
, O
who O
came O
on O
in O
the O
71st O
minute O
with O
his O
team O
leading O
2-0 O
, O
still O
had O
a O
one-match O
suspension O
to O
serve O
from O
last O
season O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
NICE B-ORG
SACK O
COACH O
EMON B-PER
. O

NICE B-LOC
, O
France B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Struggling O
French B-MISC
first O
division O
side O
Nice B-ORG
on O
Thursday O
announced O
they O
were O
parting O
with O
coach O
Albert B-PER
Emon I-PER
after O
a O
string O
of O
poor O
results O
. O

Club O
president O
Andre B-PER
Bois I-PER
said O
a O
successor O
would O
be O
named O
on O
Friday O
. O

A O
former O
player O
for O
Marseille B-ORG
and O
Monaco B-ORG
, O
Emon B-PER
, O
43 O
, O
has O
coached O
Nice B-ORG
since O
1992 O
. O

The O
announcement O
came O
24 O
hours O
after O
the O
team O
from O
the O
French B-LOC
Riviera I-LOC
lost O
at O
home O
to O
Guingamp B-ORG
2-1 O
in O
a O
league O
match O
. O

Nice B-ORG
are O
18th O
in O
the O
table O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
THREE O
PULL O
OUT O
OF O
DUTCH B-MISC
SQUAD O
FOR O
BRAZIL B-LOC
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Three O
Dutch B-MISC
players O
have O
pulled O
out O
of O
the O
squad O
for O
Saturday O
's O
friendly O
international O
soccer O
match O
against O
Brazil B-LOC
in O
Amsterdam B-LOC
. O

Ajax B-ORG
defender O
John B-PER
Veldman I-PER
and O
his O
team O
mate O
Richard B-PER
Witschge I-PER
are O
injured O
, O
while O
PSV B-ORG
midfielder O
Philip B-PER
Cocu I-PER
has O
a O
fever O
. O

Dutch B-MISC
coach O
Guus B-PER
Hiddink I-PER
called O
in O
Feyenoord B-ORG
midfielder O
Giovanni B-PER
van I-PER
Bronckhorst I-PER
and O
Vitesse B-ORG
defender O
Ferdy B-PER
Vierklau I-PER
for O
Cocu B-PER
and O
Veldman B-PER
, O
but O
did O
not O
name O
a O
replacement O
for O
midfielder O
Witschge B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

BRITAIN B-LOC
WELCOMES O
ROMANIA-HUNGARY B-MISC
TREATY O
ACCORD O
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Britain B-LOC
joined O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
in O
welcoming O
Romania B-LOC
and O
Hungary B-LOC
's O
agreement O
on O
the O
text O
of O
a O
much-delayed O
friendship O
treaty O
, O
which O
it O
said O
would O
contribute O
to O
stability O
in O
the O
area O
. O

" O
The O
United B-LOC
Kingdom I-LOC
believes O
that O
such O
a O
treaty O
will O
contribute O
positively O
to O
the O
further O
development O
of O
good O
neighbourly O
relations O
between O
the O
two O
countries O
and O
enhance O
the O
stability O
of O
the O
region O
, O
" O
said O
the O
British B-MISC
Foreign O
office O
statement O
. O

The O
accord O
, O
agreed O
two O
weeks O
ago O
, O
is O
expected O
to O
end O
years O
of O
disputes O
over O
the O
status O
of O
Romania B-LOC
's O
large O
ethnic O
Hungarian B-MISC
minority O
. O

It O
will O
also O
boost O
both O
countries O
' O
ambitions O
to O
join O
NATO B-ORG
and O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
. O

Bucharest B-LOC
and O
Budapest B-LOC
say O
the O
treaty O
should O
be O
signed O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
September O
. O

" O
The O
United B-LOC
Kingdom I-LOC
looks O
forward O
to O
the O
early O
signature O
of O
the O
treaty O
, O
" O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
EMBASSY B-MISC
IN O
ATHENS B-LOC
CLOSED O
ON O
LABOUR B-MISC
DAY I-MISC
, O
SEP O
2 O
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
U.S. B-LOC
embassy O
in O
Athens B-LOC
, O
the O
consulates O
general O
in O
Athens B-LOC
and O
Thessaloniki B-LOC
and O
all O
U.S. B-LOC
government O
offices O
in O
Greece B-LOC
will O
be O
closed O
on O
Monday O
, O
September O
2 O
in O
observance O
of O
Labour B-MISC
Day I-MISC
, O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
national O
holiday O
, O
the O
embassy O
said O
. O

-- O
George B-PER
Georgiopoulos I-PER
, O
Athens B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+301 O
3311812-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

ND B-ORG
PARTY O
PICKS O
SPOT B-PER
THOMSON I-PER
, O
BOLD B-ORG
/ I-ORG
OGILVY I-ORG
, I-ORG
MATHER I-ORG
FOR O
AD B-ORG
CAMPAIGN O
. O

ATHENS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Greek B-MISC
conservative O
New B-ORG
democracy I-ORG
party O
picked O
Bold B-ORG
/ I-ORG
Ogilvy I-ORG
and I-ORG
Mather I-ORG
advertising O
companies O
for O
its O
pre-election O
campaign O
and O
Spot B-PER
Thomson I-PER
to O
help O
party O
president O
Miltiadis B-PER
Evert I-PER
on O
communication O
strategy O
, O
it O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

Spot B-PER
Thomson I-PER
will O
also O
be O
responsible O
for O
the O
campaign O
TV O
and O
radio O
spots O
, O
it O
said O
. O

-- O
Dimitris B-PER
Kontogiannis I-PER
, O
Athens B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+301 O
3311812-4 O

-DOCSTART- O

Rugby O
star O
once O
linked O
to O
Princess O
Diana B-PER
divorces O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Former O
England B-LOC
rugby O
captain O
Will B-PER
Carling I-PER
, O
whose O
marriage O
broke O
down O
after O
he O
was O
romantically O
linked O
to O
Princess O
Diana B-PER
, O
was O
divorced O
by O
his O
wife O
on O
Thursday O
, O
just O
24 O
hours O
after O
Diana B-PER
and O
Prince B-PER
Charles I-PER
divorced O
. O

The B-ORG
Times I-ORG
newspaper O
said O
Diana B-PER
was O
not O
named O
in O
the O
divorce O
petition O
heard O
by O
a O
court O
in O
Surrey B-LOC
, O
southern O
England B-LOC
. O

But O
Julia B-PER
Carling I-PER
, O
a O
television O
presenter O
, O
is O
said O
to O
have O
blamed O
Diana B-PER
for O
the O
problems O
in O
her O
marriage O
and O
she O
has O
repeatedly O
mocked O
the O
princess O
on O
her O
breakfast O
television O
programme O
. O

Diana B-PER
met O
Will B-PER
Carling I-PER
at O
an O
exclusive O
gymnasium O
in O
London B-LOC
. O

He O
has O
always O
insisted O
that O
they O
were O
just O
friends O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

London B-LOC
LIFFE B-ORG
futures O
APT O
closing O
prices O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

London B-ORG
International I-ORG
Financial I-ORG
Futures I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
automated O
pit O
trading O
( O
APT O
) O
tabular O
details O
: O

CONTRACT O
( O
MONTH O
) O
APT O
CLOSE O
SETTLEMENT O
PREVIOUS O
SETTLE O

LONG O
GILT O
( O
SEP O
) O
( O
1/32 O
) O
107-12 O
107-10 O
107-06 O

SHORT O
STERLING O
( O
SEP O
) O
94.26 O
94.26 O
94.26 O

GERMAN B-MISC
GOVT O
BOND O
( O
SEP O
) O
97.42 O
97.38 O
97.34 O

EUROMARK B-MISC
( O
SEP O
) O
96.84 O
96.83 O
96.83 O

ITALIAN B-MISC
GOVT O
BOND O
( O
SEP O
) O
115.62 O
115.58 O
115.32 O

EUROLIRA B-ORG
( O
SEP O
) O
91.37 O
91.36 O
91.33 O

EUROSWISS B-ORG
( O
SEP O
) O
97.79 O
97.80 O
97.82 O

FTSE B-MISC
100 I-MISC
( O
SEP O
) O
3,894.00 O
3,894.00 O
3,941.50 O

-DOCSTART- O

Zaire B-LOC
installs O
first O
election O
delegates O
. O

KINSHASA B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
total O
of O
116 O
delegates O
to O
Zaire B-LOC
's O
National B-ORG
Election I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
( O
CNE B-ORG
) O
were O
formally O
installed O
on O
Thursday O
, O
launching O
another O
phase O
of O
the O
Central B-MISC
African I-MISC
nation O
's O
much-delayed O
democratic O
transition O
. O

The O
116 O
, O
representing O
political O
parties O
in O
the O
capital O
Kinshasa B-LOC
, O
will O
help O
organise O
a O
voter O
census O
, O
a O
constitutional O
referendum O
planned O
for O
January O
and O
efforts O
to O
brief O
potential O
voters O
on O
what O
balloting O
involves O
. O

A O
total O
of O
9,446 O
delegates O
will O
be O
deployed O
throughout O
Zaire B-LOC
's O
11 O
provinces O
for O
the O
elections O
, O
which O
must O
be O
held O
by O
July O
1997 O
under O
the O
transitional O
constitution O
. O

Presidential O
, O
parliamentary O
and O
municipal O
elections O
are O
planned O
for O
May O
. O

" O
We O
can O
meet O
the O
required O
deadlines O
for O
organising O
the O
elections O
. O

All O
that O
is O
needed O
is O
for O
everyone O
to O
show O
goodwill O
, O
" O
Commission B-ORG
spokesman O
Yoka B-PER
Lye I-PER
Mudaba I-PER
told O
reporters O
. O

Delegates O
to O
the O
commission O
from O
the O
other O
10 O
provinces O
will O
be O
installed O
progressively O
from O
next O
week O
with O
the O
provinces O
of O
North B-LOC
and O
South B-LOC
Kivu I-LOC
, O
Maniema B-LOC
, O
Shaba B-LOC
and O
Bandundu B-LOC
having O
priority O
, O
he O
said O
. O

The O
installation O
of O
delegates O
was O
initially O
scheduled O
for O
July O
. O

Officials O
said O
lack O
of O
funding O
had O
delayed O
the O
process O
. O

President O
Mobutu B-PER
Sese I-PER
Seko I-PER
, O
who O
seized O
power O
in O
a O
1965 O
coup O
, O
introduced O
a O
multi-party O
system O
in O
1990 O
but O
Zaire B-LOC
's O
transition O
has O
lagged O
well O
behind O
that O
of O
other O
states O
in O
the O
region O
. O

In O
the O
past O
, O
Mobutu B-PER
has O
been O
elected O
without O
opposition O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Nigeria B-LOC
would O
not O
refuse O
Commonwealth B-ORG
officials O
. O

LAGOS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Nigeria B-LOC
would O
not O
object O
to O
a O
visit O
by O
Commonwealth B-ORG
officials O
but O
insists O
its O
suspension O
from O
the O
organisation O
be O
resolved O
before O
any O
other O
questions O
are O
addressed O
, O
Foreign O
Minister O
Tom B-PER
Ikimi I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Ikimi B-PER
reiterated O
his O
position O
that O
the O
Commonwealth B-ORG
had O
no O
mandate O
to O
send O
a O
fact-finding O
mission O
. O

" O
The O
request O
I O
have O
received O
is O
for O
their O
officials O
to O
come O
and O
talk O
to O
my O
officials O
. O

We O
cannot O
object O
to O
people O
wanting O
to O
visit O
Nigeria B-LOC
, O
" O
Ikimi B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
by O
telephone O
from O
the O
capital O
Abuja B-LOC
. O

" O
The O
fundamental O
problem O
we O
have O
with O
the O
Commonwealth B-ORG
is O
our O
unfair O
suspension O
. O

Any O
discussions O
we O
have O
at O
ministerial O
level O
will O
be O
a O
continuation O
of O
what O
we O
began O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
that O
. O

Before O
that O
is O
accomplished O
we O
cannot O
address O
anything O
else O
. O
" O

Nigeria B-LOC
was O
suspended O
from O
the O
Commonwealth B-ORG
in O
November O
after O
the O
execution O
of O
Ken B-PER
Saro-Wiwa I-PER
and O
eight O
other O
minority O
rights O
activists O
in O
defiance O
of O
international O
pleas O
for O
clemency O
. O

A O
meeting O
of O
Commonwealth B-ORG
ministers O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
said O
it O
planned O
to O
send O
a O
team O
of O
senior O
officials O
to O
Nigeria B-LOC
as O
soon O
as O
possible O
to O
persuade O
Abuja B-LOC
to O
accept O
a O
fact-finding O
mission O
. O

The O
timing O
of O
that O
mission O
has O
yet O
to O
be O
determined O
. O

The O
latest O
diplomatic O
row O
between O
Nigeria B-LOC
's O
military O
government O
and O
the O
club O
of O
Britain B-LOC
and O
its O
former O
colonies O
erupted O
over O
the O
terms O
of O
a O
visit O
by O
Commonwealth B-ORG
ministers O
to O
discuss O
Nigeria B-LOC
's O
suspension O
. O

Nigeria B-LOC
said O
they O
would O
be O
restricted O
to O
a O
two-day O
meeting O
with O
government O
officials O
, O
but O
the O
Commonwealth B-ORG
said O
it O
wanted O
to O
hold O
meetings O
with O
people O
outside O
the O
government O
and O
called O
off O
the O
visit O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Dutch B-MISC
Queen O
Beatrix B-PER
to O
visit O
S. B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
in O
October O
. O

JOHANNESBURG B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Queen O
Beatrix B-PER
of O
The B-LOC
Netherlands I-LOC
will O
pay O
a O
four-day O
state O
visit O
to O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
in O
October O
, O
the O
first O
by O
a O
ruling O
Dutch B-MISC
monarch O
, O
the O
South B-MISC
African I-MISC
foreign O
ministry O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

She O
will O
be O
accompanied O
by O
several O
officials O
who O
will O
sign O
a O
cultural O
agreement O
with O
South B-LOC
Africa I-LOC
, O
where O
the O
Dutch B-MISC
were O
the O
first O
European B-MISC
settlers O
in O
1652 O
. O

The O
queen O
will O
be O
accompanied O
by O
her O
husband O
Prince O
Claus B-PER
on O
the O
September O
30 O
to O
October O
3 O
visit O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Senegal B-LOC
bans O
guns O
ahead O
of O
local O
elections O
. O

DAKAR B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

With O
tension O
rising O
among O
Senegal B-LOC
's O
political O
parties O
ahead O
of O
local O
elections O
on O
November O
24 O
, O
the O
interior B-ORG
ministry I-ORG
on O
Thursday O
banned O
the O
carrying O
of O
guns O
and O
ammunition O
until O
the O
end O
of O
the O
year O
. O

" O
It O
is O
forbidden O
for O
holders O
of O
permits O
for O
weapons O
of O
all O
categories O
to O
transport O
the O
said O
arms O
and O
their O
ammunition O
outside O
their O
homes O
, O
" O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

It O
said O
the O
ban O
applied O
to O
Senegalese B-MISC
nationals O
and O
foreign O
residents O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Chad B-LOC
parliamentary O
election O
set O
for O
November O
24 O
. O

N'DJAMENA B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Chad B-LOC
's O
President O
Idriss B-PER
Deby I-PER
has O
signed O
a O
decree O
fixing O
November O
24 O
as O
the O
date O
for O
parliamentary O
elections O
, O
state O
radio O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Nomads O
will O
vote O
at O
mobile O
polling O
stations O
around O
the O
vast O
Central B-MISC
African I-MISC
country O
between O
November O
20 O
and O
24 O
. O

The O
electoral O
commission O
said O
the O
new O
125-member O
national O
assembly O
would O
be O
installed O
on O
February O
10 O
. O

Deby B-PER
took O
power O
in O
an O
armed O
uprising O
in O
1990 O
. O

He O
won O
69 O
percent O
of O
votes O
in O
the O
second O
round O
of O
presidential O
elections O
on O
July O
3 O
, O
1996 O
.. O

His O
supporters O
will O
contest O
the O
parliamentary O
election O
in O
a O
coalition O
of O
30 O
mainly O
small O
parties O
, O
the O
Republican B-ORG
Front I-ORG
, O
led O
by O
Deby B-PER
's O
Patriotic B-ORG
Salvation I-ORG
Movement I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Ivory B-LOC
Coast I-LOC
- O
Aug O
29 O
. O

ABIDJAN B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

These O
are O
significant O
stories O
in O
the O
Ivorian B-MISC
press O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

FRATERNITE B-ORG
MATIN I-ORG

- O
Cabinet O
meeting O
establishes O
five O
new O
administrative O
regions O
and O
four O
new O
departments O
as O
part O
of O
government O
decentralisation O
policy O
. O

LA B-ORG
VOIE I-ORG

- O
Members O
of O
parliament O
seek O
higher O
pay O
and O
more O
benefits O
. O

The O
speaker O
of O
parliament O
, O
Charles B-PER
Bauza I-PER
Donwahi I-PER
, O
will O
meet O
President O
Henri B-PER
Konan I-PER
Bedie I-PER
on O
September O
3 O
to O
discuss O
their O
request O
. O

- O
Deputy O
director O
of O
animal O
health O
department O
Douati B-PER
Alphonse I-PER
says O
his O
agents O
have O
seized O
46 O
tonnes O
of O
illicit O
pork O
in O
a O
two-week O
operation O
to O
ensure O
compliance O
with O
a O
ban O
imposed O
after O
an O
outbreak O
of O
swine O
fever O
. O

LE B-ORG
JOUR I-ORG

- O
Raphael B-PER
Lakpe I-PER
, O
publisher O
of O
the O
daily O
Le B-ORG
Populaire I-ORG
, O
was O
released O
on O
Wednesday O
evening O
after O
three O
days O
in O
custody O
and O
will O
appear O
in O
court O
on O
Thursday O
morning O
. O

- O
Cabinet O
meeting O
appoints O
Colonel O
Severin B-PER
Konan I-PER
Kouame I-PER
as O
gendarmerie O
commander O
, O
replacing O
General O
Joseph B-PER
Tanny I-PER
, O
who O
has O
been O
appointed O
secretary-general O
of O
the O
National B-ORG
Security I-ORG
Council I-ORG
. O

-- O
Abidjan B-LOC
newsroom O
+225 O
21 O
90 O
90 O

-DOCSTART- O

NATO B-ORG
releases O
Serb B-MISC
police O
, O
crisis O
easing O
- O
NATO B-ORG
. O

SARAJEVO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

NATO B-ORG
forces O
released O
a O
group O
of O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
policemen O
late O
on O
Thursday O
and O
a O
tense O
confrontation O
appeared O
to O
be O
easing O
, O
an O
alliance O
spokesman O
said O
. O

" O
The O
situation O
in O
Mahala B-LOC
seems O
to O
be O
very O
much O
on O
its O
way O
toward O
resolution O
. O

My O
understanding O
is O
the O
( O
Serb B-MISC
) O
police O
have O
been O
released O
... O

In O
Zvornik B-LOC
, O
we O
think O
the O
situation O
is O
winding O
down O
as O
well O
, O
" O
NATO B-ORG
spokesman O
Lieutenant O
Colonel O
Max B-PER
Marriner I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

NATO B-ORG
troops O
detained O
65 O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
policemen O
early O
on O
Thursday O
after O
they O
attacked O
Moslem B-MISC
refugees O
returning O
to O
homes O
in O
Mahala B-LOC
, O
a O
Serb-controlled B-MISC
village O
on O
Bosnia B-LOC
's O
internal O
boundary O
line O
. O

In O
apparent O
retaliation O
for O
NATO B-ORG
's O
detention O
of O
the O
Serbs B-MISC
, O
an O
angry O
Serb B-MISC
mob O
including O
policemen O
trapped O
six O
unarmed O
U.N. B-ORG
police O
monitors O
and O
three O
local O
aides O
in O
their O
office O
in O
the O
town O
of O
Zvornik B-LOC
, O
east O
of O
Mahala B-LOC
. O

Marriner B-PER
said O
NATO B-ORG
forces O
confiscated O
25 O
long-barreled O
AK-47 B-MISC
automatic O
assault O
rifles O
from O
the O
detained O
Serbs B-MISC
before O
setting O
them O
free O
. O

" O
Local O
radio O
and O
television O
there O
( O
in O
Zvornik B-LOC
) O
are O
advising O
people O
to O
step O
back O
and O
take O
it O
easy O
. O

We O
think O
that O
when O
the O
word O
about O
how O
things O
are O
going O
in O
Mahala B-LOC
which O
is O
about O
35 O
minutes O
away O
by O
road O
reaches O
Zvornik B-LOC
that O
should O
help O
, O
" O
Marriner B-PER
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Storm O
kills O
11 O
at O
Macedonian B-MISC
religious O
festival O
. O

SKOPJE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

At O
least O
11 O
people O
were O
killed O
and O
60 O
others O
injured O
on O
Thursday O
when O
lightning O
struck O
a O
group O
of O
people O
attending O
a O
religious O
festival O
in O
Macedonia B-LOC
, O
police O
and O
municipal O
officials O
said O
. O

Police O
in O
Berovo B-LOC
, O
150 O
km O
( O
90 O
miles O
) O
west O
of O
the O
capital O
Skopje B-LOC
, O
said O
there O
were O
around O
15,000 O
people O
gathered O
around O
the O
town O
's O
cathedral O
when O
the O
lightning O
struck O
the O
group O
during O
a O
thunderstorm O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Kornblum B-PER
, O
Milosevic B-PER
discuss O
election O
crisis O
. O

Peter B-PER
Greste I-PER

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

U.S. B-LOC
envoy O
John B-PER
Kornblum I-PER
met O
Serbian B-MISC
President O
Slobodan B-PER
Milosevic I-PER
on O
Thursday O
in O
an O
effort O
to O
defuse O
a O
growing O
crisis O
surrounding O
Bosnia B-LOC
's O
post-war O
elections O
. O

The O
American B-MISC
diplomat O
arrived O
in O
Belgrade B-LOC
two O
days O
after O
international O
organisers O
postponed O
municipal O
elections O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
due O
to O
irregularities O
in O
the O
registration O
of O
Serb B-MISC
refugee O
voters O
. O

" O
We O
discussed O
the O
decision O
to O
postpone O
the O
municipal O
elections O
and O
I O
made O
clear O
it O
was O
primarily O
the O
manipulation O
of O
voter O
registration O
by O
the O
Republika B-LOC
Srpska I-LOC
( O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
republic O
) O
which O
led O
to O
this O
development O
, O
" O
Kornblum B-PER
said O
after O
three O
hours O
of O
talks O
. O

But O
he O
said O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
still O
believed O
it O
was O
important O
to O
go O
ahead O
with O
national O
elections O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
as O
scheduled O
on O
September O
14 O
to O
bolster O
the O
peace O
process O
. O

Kornblum B-PER
gave O
no O
indication O
that O
he O
had O
won O
any O
specific O
commitment O
from O
Milosevic B-PER
, O
the O
patron O
of O
the O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serbs I-MISC
, O
to O
rectify O
any O
abuses O
in O
the O
registration O
process O
. O

Bosnia B-LOC
's O
Moslem B-MISC
political O
parties O
have O
urged O
their O
refugees O
to O
boycott O
the O
elections O
until O
irregularities O
with O
voter O
registration O
are O
resolved O
. O

Human O
rights O
workers O
say O
Serbian B-MISC
and O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
authorities O
coerced O
refugees O
to O
register O
only O
in O
Serb-held B-MISC
territory O
in O
Bosnia B-LOC
to O
solidify O
the O
results O
of O
wartime O
expulsions O
and O
military O
conquest O
. O

Serbian B-MISC
officials O
have O
denied O
any O
abuses O
occurred O
during O
a O
10-day O
registration O
period O
and O
the O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serbs I-MISC
, O
angry O
at O
the O
postponement O
of O
municipal O
elections O
, O
have O
threatened O
to O
hold O
local O
polls O
on O
their O
territory O
without O
the O
international O
community O
's O
blessing O
. O

Kornblum B-PER
said O
only O
elections O
endorsed O
by O
the O
Organisation B-ORG
for I-ORG
Security I-ORG
and I-ORG
Cooperation I-ORG
in I-ORG
Europe I-ORG
( O
OSCE B-ORG
) O
would O
be O
legitimate O
. O

" O
As O
we O
have O
said O
publicly O
before O
, O
if O
there O
is O
any O
effort O
to O
do O
so O
( O
hold O
local O
elections O
) O
these O
elections O
will O
not O
be O
valid O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

The O
elections O
which O
are O
valid O
are O
those O
conducted O
by O
the O
international O
community O
under O
the O
management O
of O
the O
OSCE B-ORG
. O
" O

After O
meeting O
Milosevic B-PER
, O
Kornblum B-PER
flew O
to O
the O
Croatian B-MISC
capital O
Zagreb B-LOC
. O

He O
was O
due O
to O
head O
to O
the O
Bosnian B-MISC
town O
of O
Banja B-LOC
Luka I-LOC
on O
Friday O
to O
meet O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
acting O
president O
Biljana B-PER
Plavsic I-PER
and O
Bosnian B-MISC
Serb I-MISC
opposition O
leaders O
. O

He O
also O
planned O
to O
travel O
to O
Sarajevo B-LOC
to O
oversee O
the O
formal O
dissolution O
of O
the O
separatist O
Croat B-MISC
mini-state O
in O
western O
Bosnia B-LOC
. O

U.N. B-ORG
police O
, O
relief O
workers O
and O
NATO B-ORG
officers O
have O
reported O
a O
rise O
in O
political O
violence O
across O
Bosnia B-LOC
in O
the O
run-up O
to O
the O
September O
14 O
elections O
. O

Voters O
will O
be O
choosing O
a O
three-member O
presidency O
and O
a O
parliament O
to O
rule O
over O
a O
loose O
union O
of O
Bosnia B-LOC
, O
comprised O
of O
a O
Serb B-MISC
republic O
and O
a O
Moslem-Croat B-MISC
federation O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Gazprom B-ORG
rises O
to O
2,901.48 O
rbls O
at O
auction O
. O

MOSCOW B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
stake O
of O
10 O
million O
shares O
in O
Russian B-MISC
gas O
monopoly O
RAO B-ORG
Gazprom I-ORG
was O
sold O
at O
auction O
on O
Thursday O
at O
an O
average O
2,901.48 O
roubles O
a O
share O
, O
up O
from O
2,891.00 O
roubles O
a O
week O
ago O
, O
the O
Federal B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG
( O
FFK B-ORG
) O
said O
. O

Starting O
price O
at O
the O
auction O
was O
2,746 O
roubles O
a O
share O
and O
the O
40 O
lots O
sold O
for O
between O
2,840 O
and O
2,998 O
roubles O
a O
share O
, O
the O
FFK B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
stake O
represented O
0.042 O
percent O
of O
Gazprom B-ORG
's O
capital O
. O

The O
FFK B-ORG
said O
that O
since O
auctions O
began O
, O
139.75 O
million O
shares O
, O
equivalent O
to O
0.59 O
percent O
of O
Gazprom B-ORG
, O
have O
changed O
hands O
. O

Gazprom B-ORG
, O
Russia B-LOC
's O
biggest O
company O
by O
market O
capitalisation O
, O
has O
massive O
reserves O
and O
potentially O
huge O
earnings O
. O

However O
, O
its O
23.6 O
billion O
shares O
are O
highly O
illiquid O
and O
management O
permission O
is O
required O
to O
sell O
them O
. O

Gazprom B-ORG
has O
recently O
tightened O
these O
rules O
, O
making O
it O
harder O
for O
shareholders O
to O
sell O
to O
whoever O
they O
want O
, O
when O
they O
want O
. O

The O
company O
has O
organised O
regular O
auctions O
of O
its O
shares O
to O
create O
an O
orderly O
market O
in O
the O
paper O
. O

At O
the O
first O
auction O
on O
March O
6 O
, O
shares O
sold O
for O
an O
average O
406.6 O
roubles O
each O
, O
and O
prices O
have O
been O
rising O
steadily O
since O
then O
, O
but O
the O
rise O
in O
price O
this O
week O
and O
last O
was O
much O
less O
than O
in O
previous O
auctions O
. O

On O
the O
Russian B-MISC
Trading I-MISC
System I-MISC
, O
Gazprom B-ORG
shares O
rose O
25 O
percent O
on O
Thursday O
to O
$ O
0.375 O
from O
$ O
0.300 O
, O
after O
falling O
by O
over O
a O
third O
earlier O
this O
week O
. O

-- O
Artyom B-PER
Danielyan I-PER
, O
Moscow B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+7095 O
941 O
8520 O

-DOCSTART- O

Serbian B-MISC
policeman O
shot O
dead O
in O
Kosovo B-LOC
province O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
policeman O
has O
been O
shot O
dead O
in O
Serbia B-LOC
's O
troubled O
Kosovo B-LOC
province O
, O
Serbian B-MISC
police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

It O
was O
the O
fifth O
attack O
on O
police O
this O
month O
in O
the O
southern O
province O
, O
a O
hot O
spot O
of O
ethnic O
tension O
where O
the O
Albanian B-MISC
majority O
have O
boycotted O
Serbian B-MISC
institutions O
and O
set O
up O
their O
own O
, O
which O
are O
considered O
illegal O
by O
Belgrade B-LOC
. O

The O
slain O
policeman O
Ejup B-PER
Bajgora I-PER
, O
42 O
, O
was O
an O
Albanian B-MISC
who O
had O
served O
in O
the O
Serbian B-MISC
police O
and O
state O
security O
since O
1987 O
, O
police O
told O
the O
Yugoslav B-MISC
news O
agency O
Tanjug B-ORG
. O

He O
was O
shot O
on O
Wednesday O
afternoon O
as O
he O
stepped O
off O
a O
bus O
near O
his O
family O
home O
in O
the O
village O
of O
Donje B-LOC
Ljupce I-LOC
in O
the O
municipality O
of O
Podujevo B-LOC
. O

Just O
hours O
before O
Wednesday O
's O
shooting O
, O
three O
hand O
grenades O
were O
thrown O
at O
a O
police O
station O
in O
Celopek B-LOC
. O

They O
caused O
damage O
but O
no O
casualties O
, O
police O
said O
. O

The O
Serbian B-MISC
authorities O
blame O
Albanian B-MISC
dissidents O
for O
the O
recent O
spate O
of O
attacks O
. O

None O
of O
the O
attackers O
has O
been O
caught O
. O

Kosovo B-LOC
's O
autonomy O
was O
revoked O
in O
1987 O
and O
Serb B-MISC
police O
forces O
cracked O
down O
on O
Albanian B-MISC
protests O
. O

Albanian B-MISC
moderates O
want O
autonomy O
restored O
but O
hardliners O
want O
to O
join O
up O
with O
neighbouring O
Albania B-LOC
. O

The O
Serbs B-MISC
, O
who O
make O
up O
10 O
percent O
of O
the O
province O
's O
1.8 O
million O
people O
, O
claim O
Kosovo B-LOC
as O
the O
cradle O
of O
their O
culture O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Viral O
meningitis O
epidemic O
kills O
10 O
in O
Romania B-LOC
. O

BUCHAREST B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Viral O
meningitis O
has O
killed O
10 O
people O
in O
Romania B-LOC
's O
capital O
Bucharest B-LOC
this O
month O
in O
what O
doctors O
said O
on O
Thursday O
was O
the O
worst O
epidemic O
of O
its O
type O
in O
the O
country O
for O
a O
decade O
. O

Some O
170 O
middle-aged O
and O
elderly O
people O
with O
the O
disease O
were O
being O
treated O
in O
hospital O
, O
doctors O
said O
. O

Doctor O
Emanuil B-PER
Ceausu I-PER
, O
head O
of O
Bucharest B-LOC
's O
Victor B-LOC
Babes I-LOC
hospital O
for O
infectious O
diseases O
, O
said O
the O
epidemic O
had O
been O
caused O
by O
a O
virus O
yet O
to O
be O
identified O
. O

Illness O
from O
viral O
meningitis O
lasts O
around O
a O
week O
. O

It O
affects O
the O
gastro-intestinal O
tract O
, O
causing O
high O
fever O
, O
headache O
and O
vomiting O
. O

In O
1986 O
Romania B-LOC
suffered O
an O
epidemic O
of O
the O
more O
dangerous O
bacterial O
meningitis O
which O
has O
killed O
some O
15,000 O
people O
in O
central O
Africa B-LOC
this O
year O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Serbia B-LOC
's O
Zastava B-ORG
workers O
protest O
enters O
9th O
day O
. O

BELGRADE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Workers O
at O
Serbia B-LOC
's O
Zastava B-ORG
arms O
factory O
entered O
the O
ninth O
day O
of O
their O
protest O
over O
unpaid O
wages O
on O
Thursday O
with O
management O
accused O
them O
of O
rejecting O
talks O
. O

" O
The O
workers O
keep O
on O
gathering O
in O
the O
centre O
of O
the O
town O
, O
" O
the O
factory O
's O
general O
manager O
Vukasin B-PER
Filipovic I-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O
" O

But O
they O
do O
not O
want O
to O
talk O
to O
anyone O
. O
" O

" O
They O
want O
to O
discuss O
in O
public O
, O
at O
their O
protest O
meetings O
, O
" O
Filipovic B-PER
said O
. O
" O

And O
that O
is O
impossible O
. O
" O

The O
Zastava B-ORG
works O
in O
the O
central O
town O
of O
Kragujevac B-LOC
is O
the O
backbone O
of O
Serbia B-LOC
's O
defence O
industry O
, O
supplying O
the O
army O
with O
a O
whole O
range O
of O
weapons O
. O

Its O
workers O
are O
staging O
protests O
in O
the O
town O
's O
main O
square O
demanding O
June O
and O
July O
wages O
and O
last O
year O
's O
holiday O
pay O
. O

On O
Wednesday O
, O
the O
union O
demanded O
the O
resignation O
of O
the O
factory O
manager O
. O

But O
Filipovic B-PER
said O
he O
would O
not O
quit O
under O
pressure O
. O
" O

We O
can O
talk O
about O
it O
and O
I O
am O
prepared O
to O
take O
all O
the O
consequences O
of O
mismanagement O
if O
any O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Venezuela B-LOC
FinMin O
to O
make O
statement O
midday O
Thursday O
. O

CARACAS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Venezuelan B-MISC
Finance O
Minister O
Luis B-PER
Raul I-PER
Matos I-PER
Azocar I-PER
will O
make O
an O
" O
important O
announcement O
" O
on O
Thursday O
at O
1230 O
local O
/ O
1630 O
GMT B-MISC
at O
a O
Central B-ORG
Bank I-ORG
press O
conference O
, O
the O
Finance B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
said O
. O

The O
press O
conference O
replaces O
Matos B-PER
's O
scheduled O
appearance O
at O
an O
IMF-hosted B-MISC
seminar O
Thursday O
on O
Venezuela B-LOC
's O
economic O
reform O
program O
, O
Venezuelan B-MISC
Agenda I-MISC
. O

-- O
Caracas B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
582 O
834405 O

-DOCSTART- O

Colombia B-LOC
police O
find O
marijuana O
on O
ship O
. O

BOGOTA B-LOC
, O
Colombia B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Police O
said O
they O
found O
35 O
metric O
tons O
of O
marijuana O
on O
Thursday O
on O
a O
ship O
preparing O
to O
set O
sail O
for O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
from O
Colombia B-LOC
's O
Caribbean B-LOC
port O
of O
Cartagena B-LOC
. O

They O
said O
the O
drug O
had O
been O
packed O
into O
a O
shipping O
container O
and O
was O
surrounded O
by O
ground O
coffee O
. O

No O
arrests O
had O
been O
made O
, O
a O
police O
spokesman O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Venezuela B-LOC
non-oil O
exports O
rise O
10.6 O
pct O
in O
July O
. O

CARACAS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Venezuela B-LOC
's O
non-traditional O
exports O
, O
which O
exclude O
oil O
and O
iron O
, O
rose O
10.6 O
percent O
in O
July O
to O
reach O
$ O
334 O
million O
compared O
to O
$ O
302 O
million O
in O
June O
, O
according O
to O
the O
Central B-ORG
Office I-ORG
of I-ORG
Statistics I-ORG
and I-ORG
Information I-ORG
( O
OCEI B-ORG
) O
. O

" O
The O
rise O
was O
due O
to O
the O
end O
of O
exchange O
controls O
, O
" O
OCEI B-ORG
said O
. O

Foreign O
exchange O
controls O
were O
removed O
April O
22 O
as O
part O
of O
a O
wider O
IMF-sponsored B-MISC
program O
. O

Nevertheless O
, O
exports O
over O
the O
first O
seven O
months O
of O
the O
year O
were O
16.8 O
percent O
lower O
than O
during O
the O
same O
period O
last O
year O
, O
at O
$ O
2.240 O
billion O
compared O
to O
$ O
2.693 O
billion O
. O

Over O
the O
seven O
months O
, O
the O
private O
sector O
accounted O
for O
76 O
percent O
of O
total O
exports O
, O
with O
" O
common O
metals O
" O
the O
strongest O
export O
sector O
accounting O
for O
$ O
951 O
million O
, O
or O
42.5 O
percent O
of O
total O
exports O
. O

" O
Chemical O
products O
" O
came O
next O
with O
a O
13 O
percent O
share O
, O
then O
" O
transport O
materials O
" O
with O
nine O
percent O
, O
and O
finally O
foods O
, O
drinks O
and O
tobacco O
with O
6.3 O
percent O
. O

Colombia B-LOC
was O
the O
chief O
market O
for O
Venezuela B-LOC
's O
non-traditional O
exports O
with O
27.4 O
percent O
. O

The O
U.S. B-LOC
followed O
with O
a O
24.6 O
percent O
share O
. O

-- O
Caracas B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
582 O
834405 O
REUTER B-PER
JPR O

-DOCSTART- O

Buenos B-LOC
Aires I-LOC
fraud O
cops O
held O
in O
extortion O
racket O
. O

BUENOS B-LOC
AIRES I-LOC
, O
Argentina B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Thirteen O
senior O
police O
officers O
from O
the O
fraud O
squad O
of O
Buenos B-LOC
Aires I-LOC
province O
have O
been O
arrested O
on O
charges O
of O
running O
an O
extortion O
racket O
, O
security O
officials O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

They O
included O
all O
the O
top O
officers O
from O
the O
fraud O
division O
of O
the O
north O
of O
Buenos B-LOC
Aires I-LOC
province O
, O
including O
Commissioner O
Juan B-PER
Carlos I-PER
Lago I-PER
. O

Police O
were O
seeking O
a O
14th O
officer O
. O

La B-ORG
Nacion I-ORG
newspaper O
said O
the O
officers O
were O
suspected O
of O
demanding O
bribes O
of O
$ O
50,000 O
to O
$ O
500,000 O
from O
companies O
being O
investigated O
for O
tax O
evasion O
in O
order O
to O
" O
lose O
" O
their O
files O
. O

The O
credibility O
of O
the O
Buenos B-LOC
Aires I-LOC
provincial O
police O
, O
the O
largest O
force O
in O
Argentina B-LOC
, O
has O
been O
undermined O
this O
year O
by O
scandals O
that O
included O
the O
indictment O
of O
three O
officers O
for O
links O
to O
the O
1994 O
bombing O
of O
a O
Jewish B-MISC
community O
centre O
and O
the O
arrest O
of O
an O
entire O
drugs O
squad O
for O
drug O
trafficking O
. O

Alberto B-PER
Piotti I-PER
, O
security O
chief O
of O
Buenos B-LOC
Aires I-LOC
province O
, O
told O
local O
television O
that O
3,600 O
dishonest O
officers O
had O
been O
purged O
from O
the O
force O
's O
ranks O
in O
the O
past O
five O
years O
. O

" O
It O
is O
an O
ongoing O
task O
. O

And O
these O
investigations O
into O
police O
corruption O
are O
only O
possible O
because O
there O
are O
people O
brave O
enough O
to O
denounce O
them O
, O
" O
Piotti B-PER
said O
, O
promising O
a O
major O
overhaul O
of O
the O
provincial O
police O
next O
month O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Brazil B-LOC
gov't O
set O
to O
send O
1997 O
budget O
to O
Congress B-ORG
. O

BRASILIA B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Brazilian B-MISC
Planning O
Minister O
Antonio B-PER
Kandir I-PER
will O
submit O
to O
a O
draft O
copy O
of O
the O
1997 O
federal O
budget O
to O
Congress B-ORG
on O
Thursday O
, O
a O
ministry O
spokeswoman O
said O
. O

Congress B-ORG
is O
constitutionally O
obliged O
to O
approve O
the O
budget O
by O
the O
end O
of O
year O
but O
regularly O
fails O
to O
meet O
that O
requirement O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Mexico B-LOC
same-day O
Cetes B-MISC
rates O
rise O
on O
nervousness O
. O

MEXICO B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Mexico B-LOC
's O
same-day O
Cetes B-MISC
rates O
rose O
50 O
basis O
points O
to O
24.25 O
percent O
on O
nervousness O
over O
a O
new O
round O
of O
attacks O
by O
guerrillas O
in O
two O
southern O
states O
, O
dealers O
said O
. O

" O
There O
are O
people O
who O
are O
taking O
advantage O
of O
the O
news O
to O
put O
pressure O
on O
rates O
, O
however O
, O
there O
are O
enough O
players O
who O
will O
buy O
and O
that O
will O
keep O
rates O
from O
rising O
too O
much O
, O
" O
said O
one O
dealer O
. O

Co-ordinated O
guerrilla O
attacks O
in O
two O
southern O
states O
overnight O
that O
left O
at O
least O
13 O
people O
dead O
have O
caused O
nervousness O
in O
Mexico B-LOC
's O
financial O
markets O
. O

Bank O
notes O
and O
acceptances O
, O
including O
pagares O
, O
rose O
46 O
basis O
points O
to O
25.10 O
percent O
. O

Dealers O
said O
that O
the O
volume O
of O
longer-term O
government O
paper O
declined O
due O
to O
market O
nervousness O
. O

At O
least O
13 O
people O
were O
killed O
when O
scores O
of O
masked O
rebels O
struck O
at O
police O
and O
military O
posts O
in O
Oaxaca B-LOC
and O
Guerrero B-LOC
states O
overnight O
in O
the O
biggest O
assaults O
in O
more O
than O
two O
years O
, O
officials O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Maturing O
credits O
are O
seen O
at O
2.209 O
billion O
pesos O
, O
and O
there O
is O
an O
oversupply O
of O
684 O
billion O
pesos O
from O
the O
primary O
auction O
. O

Dealers O
estimate O
that O
the O
shortfall O
will O
increase O
due O
to O
the O
inflow O
of O
funds O
before O
the O
end O
of O
the O
month O
. O

--- O
Patricia B-PER
Lezama I-PER
, O
Mexico B-LOC
City I-LOC
newroom O
( O
525 O
) O
728 O
9554 O

-DOCSTART- O

Tension O
builds O
in O
Mexican B-MISC
state O
ahead O
of O
elections O
. O

[ O
CORRECTED O
05:53 O
GMT B-MISC
] O

CHILPANCINGO B-LOC
, O
Mexico B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Pre-electoral O
bickering O
flared O
on O
Wednesday O
in O
the O
troubled O
western O
Mexican B-MISC
state O
of O
Guerrero B-LOC
as O
some O
opposition O
politicians O
demanded O
the O
army O
pull O
out O
of O
the O
area O
ahead O
of O
an O
upcoming O
state O
poll O
. O

The O
mayor O
of O
Acatepec B-LOC
, O
a O
small O
town O
some O
310 O
miles O
( O
500 O
km O
) O
south O
of O
Mexico B-LOC
City I-LOC
, O
sent O
a O
letter O
to O
Mexico B-LOC
's O
National B-ORG
Human I-ORG
Rights I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
complaining O
the O
army O
's O
heavy O
presence O
in O
the O
town O
would O
interfere O
with O
the O
Oct. O
6 O
election O
. O

Mayor B-PER
Antonio I-PER
Gonzalez I-PER
Garcia I-PER
, O
of O
the O
opposition O
Revolutionary B-ORG
Workers I-ORG
' I-ORG
Party I-ORG
, O
said O
in O
Wednesday O
's O
letter O
that O
army O
troops O
recently O
raided O
several O
local O
farms O
, O
stole O
cattle O
and O
raped O
women O
. O

The O
letter O
was O
signed O
by O
some O
200 O
area O
residents O
and O
indigenous O
leaders O
. O

Some O
electoral O
watchdog O
groups O
also O
said O
the O
presence O
of O
the O
army O
, O
which O
has O
fanned O
out O
across O
the O
state O
in O
the O
past O
month O
in O
search O
of O
a O
new O
guerrilla O
group O
, O
was O
likely O
to O
intimidate O
voters O
and O
had O
stirred O
up O
tension O
in O
the O
state O
. O

A O
French B-MISC
group O
of O
electoral O
observers O
, O
Agir B-ORG
Ensemble I-ORG
pour I-ORG
les I-ORG
Droits I-ORG
de I-ORG
l'Homme I-ORG
, O
concluded O
the O
army O
presence O
exerted O
a O
heavy O
psychological O
pressure O
on O
local O
farmers O
and O
would O
prevent O
a O
fair O
vote O
. O

Up O
for O
grabs O
in O
the O
election O
are O
the O
state O
legislature O
and O
75 O
town O
halls O
. O

( O
Corrects O
to O
show O
elections O
are O
not O
for O
governor O
) O
. O

Despite O
the O
criticism O
, O
acting O
state O
Gov O
. O

Angel B-PER
Aguirre I-PER
pledged O
the O
elections O
will O
be O
free O
and O
fair O
and O
said O
he O
did O
not O
expect O
any O
trouble O
from O
the O
elusive O
new O
guerrilla O
group O
, O
the O
Popular B-ORG
Revolutionary I-ORG
Army I-ORG
. O

" O
The O
electoral O
process O
has O
been O
proceeding O
in O
accordance O
with O
the O
new O
state O
electoral O
law O
, O
" O
Aguirre B-PER
said O
, O
adding O
that O
the O
poll O
would O
be O
" O
an O
exercise O
in O
true O
democracy O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Brazil B-LOC
police O
arrest O
wanted O
Italian B-MISC
man O
- O
report O
. O

SAO B-PER
PAULO I-PER
, O
Brazil B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Brazilian B-MISC
authorities O
on O
Wednesday O
arrested O
a O
47-year-old O
Italian B-MISC
man O
wanted O
in O
Italy B-LOC
for O
ties O
to O
the O
leftist O
Red B-ORG
Brigade I-ORG
guerrilla O
group O
of O
the O
1970s O
, O
local O
television O
said O
. O

TV B-ORG
Globo I-ORG
said O
the O
Supreme B-ORG
Federal I-ORG
Tribunal I-ORG
ordered O
the O
arrest O
of O
Luciano B-PER
Pessina I-PER
, O
a O
political O
scientist O
who O
owns O
two O
Rio B-LOC
de I-LOC
Janeiro I-LOC
restaurants O
, O
based O
on O
an O
extradition O
request O
from O
the O
Italian B-MISC
government O
. O

The O
report O
, O
which O
could O
not O
be O
independently O
verified O
on O
Wednesday O
night O
, O
said O
Pessina B-PER
was O
sentenced O
in O
Italy B-LOC
to O
eight O
years O
and O
11 O
months O
in O
prison O
for O
robbery O
and O
illegal O
weapons O
and O
explosives O
possession O
. O

Globo B-ORG
quoted O
Pessina B-PER
's O
lawyer O
as O
saying O
he O
had O
already O
been O
imprisoned O
in O
Italy B-LOC
and O
, O
when O
freed O
, O
travelled O
to O
Brazil B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Seven O
churches O
slam O
Brazil B-LOC
rural O
violence O
, O
impunity O
. O

BRASILIA B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Seven O
churches O
joined O
voices O
on O
Wednesday O
to O
condemn O
the O
" O
day-to-day O
violence O
" O
of O
Brazil B-LOC
's O
rural O
hinterland O
and O
the O
government O
's O
failure O
to O
punish O
those O
responsible O
for O
massacres O
of O
landless O
peasants O
. O

" O
In O
the O
name O
of O
Jesus B-PER
, O
we O
want O
to O
bring O
your O
attention O
to O
what O
is O
going O
on O
in O
the O
Brazilian B-MISC
countryside O
, O
" O
two O
church O
umbrella O
groups O
said O
in O
a O
Letter O
to O
the O
Brazilian B-MISC
People O
. O

The O
letter O
from O
National B-ORG
Council I-ORG
of I-ORG
Christian I-ORG
Churches I-ORG
of I-ORG
Brazil I-ORG
and O
the O
Coordinate B-ORG
of I-ORG
Ecumenical I-ORG
Service I-ORG
was O
sent O
to O
President O
Fernando B-PER
Henrique I-PER
Cardoso I-PER
after O
a O
seminar O
on O
endemic O
violence O
gripping O
rural O
Brazil B-LOC
. O

Thirty-six O
people O
have O
died O
so O
far O
this O
year O
in O
conflicts O
over O
land O
in O
the O
Brazilian B-MISC
countryside O
, O
including O
19 O
landless O
peasants O
massacred O
by O
police O
in O
April O
in O
the O
northern O
state O
of O
Para B-LOC
. O

" O
The O
problem O
of O
land O
is O
one O
of O
the O
most O
serious O
facing O
Brazil B-LOC
, O
" O
said O
Lucas B-PER
Moreira I-PER
Neves I-PER
, O
president O
of O
the O
Catholic B-MISC
church O
's O
National B-ORG
Conference I-ORG
of I-ORG
Bishops I-ORG
of I-ORG
Brazil I-ORG
. O

The O
letter O
made O
reference O
to O
massacres O
of O
landless O
peasants O
in O
August O
1995 O
and O
April O
1996 O
, O
which O
claimed O
the O
lives O
of O
27 O
landless O
peasants O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Thai B-MISC
official O
flees O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
after O
passport O
scam O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
Thai B-MISC
consular O
official O
has O
fled O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
after O
being O
questioned O
by O
anti-corruption O
police O
in O
connection O
with O
soliciting O
bribes O
to O
issue O
a O
passport O
, O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
government O
radio O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
unnamed O
suspect O
left O
the O
British B-MISC
colony O
after O
being O
detained O
and O
then O
freed O
by O
the O
Independent B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
Against I-ORG
Corruption I-ORG
( O
ICAC B-ORG
) O
, O
the O
radio O
said O
. O

The O
man O
was O
released O
after O
his O
arrest O
on O
Tuesday O
, O
pending O
further O
inquiries O
, O
the O
ICAC B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
anti-graft O
body O
was O
discussing O
the O
case O
with O
the O
Thai B-MISC
government O
, O
especially O
the O
suspect O
's O
status O
, O
it O
said O
. O

It O
is O
not O
clear O
if O
the O
fugitive O
had O
diplomatic O
status O
in O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
, O
and O
officials O
from O
the O
Thai B-MISC
Consulate O
were O
not O
available O
for O
comment O
. O

The O
arrest O
came O
after O
the O
ICAC B-ORG
received O
a O
complaint O
that O
the O
man O
had O
demanded O
a O
bribe O
of O
HK$ B-MISC
100,000 O
( O
US$ B-MISC
12,940 O
) O
to O
issue O
a O
Thai B-MISC
passport O
, O
the O
ICAC B-ORG
said O
. O

At O
the O
time O
of O
his O
arrest O
, O
ICAC B-ORG
officers O
seized O
HK$ B-MISC
100,000 O
, O
it O
added O
. O

The O
ICAC B-ORG
has O
kept O
a O
close O
eye O
on O
passport O
scams O
after O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
official O
was O
jailed O
for O
trafficking O
fake O
Honduran B-MISC
passports O
as O
part O
of O
an O
immigration O
racket O
aimed O
at O
Chinese B-MISC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Thai B-MISC
poll O
shows O
military O
wants O
PM O
Banharn B-PER
out O
. O

BANGKOK B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Thailand B-LOC
's O
powerful O
military O
thinks O
the O
government O
is O
dishonest O
and O
Prime O
Minister O
Banharn B-PER
Silpa-archa I-PER
's O
resignation O
might O
solve O
the O
nation O
's O
political O
and O
economic O
woes O
, O
an O
opinion O
poll O
showed O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Nearly O
half O
the O
1,617 O
military O
personnel O
surveyed O
in O
the O
Rajapat B-ORG
Institute I-ORG
poll O
suggested O
that O
Banharn B-PER
resign O
, O
while O
about O
28 O
percent O
thought O
he O
should O
dissolve O
parliament O
and O
24 O
percent O
thought O
a O
cabinet O
reshuffle O
could O
resolve O
the O
government O
's O
problems O
. O

Banharn B-PER
, O
who O
leads O
a O
six-party O
, O
13-month-old O
coalition O
government O
, O
faces O
a O
no-confidence O
debate O
in O
parliament O
next O
month O
. O

The O
prime O
minister O
, O
who O
has O
already O
lost O
one O
coalition O
partner O
this O
month O
, O
is O
expected O
to O
have O
a O
tough O
battle O
in O
the O
debate O
because O
of O
infighting O
in O
his O
own O
party O
and O
warnings O
of O
more O
pullouts O
by O
other O
coalition O
partners O
. O

The O
poll O
, O
conducted O
earlier O
this O
month O
after O
Banharn B-PER
's O
coalition O
completed O
one O
year O
in O
office O
, O
showed O
the O
military O
would O
prefer O
General O
Chatichai B-PER
Choonhavan I-PER
-- O
a O
former O
prime O
minister O
who O
was O
ousted O
in O
a O
military O
coup O
in O
February O
1991 O
-- O
as O
prime O
minister O
. O

Defence O
Minister O
Chavalit B-PER
Yongchaiyudh I-PER
, O
head O
of O
coalition O
member O
the O
New B-ORG
Aspiration I-ORG
Party I-ORG
, O
was O
the O
second O
choice O
for O
prime O
minister O
, O
the O
poll O
showed O
. O

Banharn B-PER
came O
in O
last O
on O
the O
list O
of O
proposed O
leaders O
with O
less O
than O
one O
percent O
of O
the O
votes O
. O

Nearly O
two-thirds O
of O
the O
people O
surveyed O
thought O
the O
government O
was O
dishonest O
and O
insincere O
, O
and O
65 O
percent O
blamed O
the O
government O
's O
poor O
performance O
for O
the O
country O
's O
economic O
slowdown O
. O

The O
opinion O
of O
the O
military O
in O
Thailand B-LOC
, O
which O
has O
seen O
17 O
coups O
or O
attempted O
coups O
since O
the O
country O
switched O
to O
parliamentary O
democracy O
from O
absolute O
monarchy O
in O
1932 O
, O
always O
carries O
weight O
in O
the O
political O
scene O
, O
despite O
officials O
' O
vows O
to O
distance O
the O
military O
from O
politics O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hamas B-ORG
cleric O
jailed O
in O
Israel B-LOC
hospitalised O
briefly O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Israeli B-MISC
prison O
officials O
took O
jailed O
Islamic B-MISC
militant O
Hamas B-ORG
founder O
Sheikh O
Ahmed B-PER
Yassin I-PER
to O
hospital O
briefly O
on O
Thursday O
for O
medical O
tests O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

" O
This O
evening O
Sheikh O
Yassin B-PER
completed O
medical O
checks O
and O
returned O
to O
Ramle B-LOC
prisons O
authority O
medical O
centre O
, O
" O
said O
a O
spokesman O
for O
Israel B-LOC
's O
internal O
security O
ministry O
. O

A O
prison O
official O
said O
Yassin B-PER
had O
a O
mild O
case O
of O
pneumonia O
. O

The O
60-year-old O
Moslem B-MISC
cleric O
, O
jailed O
by O
Israel B-LOC
since O
1989 O
, O
is O
serving O
a O
life O
sentence O
for O
ordering O
attacks O
by O
Hamas B-ORG
guerrillas O
against O
Israeli B-MISC
targets O
. O

The O
ailing O
Yassin B-PER
is O
the O
spiritual O
leader O
of O
the O
fundamentalist O
Hamas B-ORG
group O
which O
has O
killed O
scores O
of O
Israelis B-MISC
in O
suicide O
attacks O
aimed O
at O
wrecking O
Israel-PLO B-MISC
peace O
deals O
. O

Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
has O
demanded O
that O
Israel B-LOC
release O
Yassin B-PER
-- O
who O
is O
confined O
to O
a O
wheelchair O
-- O
on O
humanitarian O
grounds O
. O

Israel B-LOC
said O
last O
month O
after O
it O
recovered O
the O
body O
of O
a O
soldier O
abducted O
by O
Hamas B-ORG
seven O
years O
ago O
that O
it O
would O
consider O
freeing O
Yassin B-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Moroccan B-MISC
King O
meets O
former O
Israel B-LOC
PM O
Peres B-PER
. O

SKHIRAT B-LOC
, O
Morocco B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

King B-PER
Hassan I-PER
of O
Morocco B-LOC
met O
former O
Israeli B-MISC
prime O
minister O
Shimon B-PER
Peres I-PER
on O
Thursday O
at O
the O
coastal O
resort O
of O
Skhirat B-LOC
, O
20 O
km O
( O
12 O
miles O
) O
south O
of O
Rabat B-LOC
, O
an O
official O
source O
said O
. O

" O
Mr O
Shimon B-PER
Peres I-PER
, O
who O
is O
on O
a O
purely O
private O
and O
family O
visit O
to O
Morocco B-LOC
, O
was O
received O
on O
Thursday O
by O
his O
Majesty O
King B-PER
Hassan I-PER
at O
the O
royal O
palace O
of O
Skhirat B-LOC
, O
" O
the O
source O
said O
. O

Accompanied O
by O
his O
wife O
and O
grandson O
, O
Peres B-PER
arrived O
in O
Morocco B-LOC
on O
August O
25 O
. O

Peres B-PER
is O
expected O
to O
fly O
home O
on O
Friday O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Scandal O
hits O
Clinton B-PER
campaign O
at O
vital O
moment O
. O

Michael B-PER
Conlon I-PER

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
's O
triumphal O
appearance O
at O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
convention O
, O
a O
vital O
moment O
in O
his O
bid O
for O
a O
second O
term O
, O
was O
marred O
on O
Thursday O
by O
the O
resignation O
of O
a O
top O
adviser O
in O
a O
reported O
sex O
scandal O
. O

Clinton B-PER
was O
at O
work O
on O
the O
nomination O
acceptance O
speech O
that O
will O
launch O
his O
10-week O
re-election O
campaign O
when O
political O
strategist O
Dick B-PER
Morris I-PER
abruptly O
announced O
his O
resignation O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
tabloid O
Star B-ORG
magazine I-ORG
reported O
the O
married O
Morris B-PER
had O
a O
lengthy O
affair O
with O
a O
$ O
200-an-hour O
prostitute O
who O
he O
allowed O
to O
eavesdrop O
on O
telephone O
conversations O
with O
Clinton B-PER
, O
and O
with O
whom O
he O
shared O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
speeches O
before O
they O
were O
made O
. O

" O
Dick B-PER
Morris I-PER
is O
my O
friend O
, O
and O
he O
is O
a O
superb O
political O
strategist O
, O
" O
Clinton B-PER
said O
in O
a O
written O
statement O
. O
" O

I O
am O
and O
always O
will O
be O
grateful O
for O
the O
great O
contributions O
he O
has O
made O
to O
my O
campaigns O
and O
for O
the O
invaluable O
work O
he O
has O
done O
for O
me O
over O
the O
last O
two O
years O
. O
" O

Morris B-PER
declined O
to O
address O
the O
allegations O
directly O
in O
his O
resignation O
statement O
but O
said O
he O
was O
quitting O
to O
avoid O
becoming O
a O
campaign O
issue O
. O

The O
surprise O
development O
captivated O
the O
thousands O
of O
reporters O
at O
the O
convention O
and O
clearly O
worried O
some O
Democrats B-MISC
, O
who O
had O
planned O
a O
triumphal O
celebration O
of O
Clinton B-PER
's O
lead O
over O
Dole B-PER
in O
the O
opinion O
polls O
. O

Senator O
Dianne B-PER
Feinstein I-PER
, O
a O
California B-LOC
Democrat B-MISC
, O
called O
it O
a O
" O
big O
bump O
" O
in O
the O
way O
of O
the O
Clinton B-PER
campaign O
. O

" O
It O
comes O
at O
the O
worst O
possible O
time O
on O
one O
of O
the O
biggest O
days O
for O
the O
president O
, O
" O
Feinstein B-PER
said O
. O

Clinton B-PER
was O
to O
deliver O
his O
acceptance O
speech O
at O
the O
final O
session O
of O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
Convention I-MISC
opening O
at O
8 O
p.m. O
EDT O
( O
midnight O
GMT B-MISC
) O
. O

The O
50-year-old O
president O
has O
been O
dogged O
for O
years O
by O
allegations O
of O
financial O
wrongdoing O
, O
sexual O
misconduct O
and O
questionable O
judgment O
in O
selecting O
his O
advisers O
. O

Republicans B-MISC
hope O
to O
seize O
on O
the O
" O
character O
" O
issue O
to O
bolster O
Clinton B-PER
's O
challenger O
Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
in O
the O
final O
weeks O
of O
the O
campaign O
. O

Speaking O
in O
Santa B-LOC
Barbara I-LOC
, O
California B-LOC
, O
Dole B-PER
did O
not O
directly O
refer O
to O
the O
sexual O
scandal O
but O
said O
the O
departure O
of O
Morris B-PER
, O
who O
had O
advised O
Clinton B-PER
to O
chart O
a O
more O
centrist O
political O
course O
, O
would O
make O
Clinton B-PER
drift O
back O
to O
the O
left O
. O

" O
Morris B-PER
has O
been O
trying O
to O
make O
President O
Clinton B-PER
a O
Republican B-MISC
, O
now O
maybe O
he O
'll O
revert O
to O
the O
liberal O
Democrat B-MISC
that O
he O
really O
is O
, O
" O
Dole B-PER
told O
reporters O
. O

Clinton B-PER
will O
hit O
the O
road O
on O
Friday O
for O
a O
bus O
tour O
across O
several O
states O
in O
his O
fight O
to O
become O
the O
first O
Democratic B-MISC
incumbent O
re-elected O
to O
a O
second O
term O
since O
the O
days O
of O
Franklin B-PER
D. I-PER
Roosevelt I-PER
. O

Aides O
said O
Clinton B-PER
planned O
to O
spend O
most O
of O
Thursday O
in O
his O
hotel O
room O
several O
miles O
( O
km O
) O
from O
the O
convention O
hall O
working O
on O
his O
speech O
. O

It O
was O
apparently O
neglected O
on O
his O
long O
" O
whistle-stop O
" O
train O
trip O
to O
the O
convention O
, O
during O
which O
he O
revelled O
in O
contact O
with O
friendly O
crowds O
across O
the O
country O
's O
heartland O
. O

He O
was O
also O
hoarse O
and O
was O
giving O
his O
voice O
a O
rest O
. O

But O
first O
lady O
Hillary B-PER
Rodham I-PER
Clinton I-PER
told O
ABC B-ORG
television O
, O
" O
He O
's O
really O
fired O
up O
. O
" O

" O
He O
wants O
to O
outline O
to O
the O
American B-MISC
people O
what O
he O
thinks O
has O
been O
accomplished O
in O
the O
last O
four O
years O
, O
and O
what O
he O
would O
like O
to O
see O
done O
in O
the O
next O
four O
years O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

" O
He O
's O
very O
excited O
about O
this O
convention O
... O

He O
's O
excited O
about O
the O
campaign O
. O

But O
more O
than O
that O
, O
he O
's O
very O
resolute O
about O
what O
he O
wants O
to O
do O
. O
" O

" O
I O
do O
n't O
take O
anything O
for O
granted O
. O

I O
always O
expect O
elections O
to O
get O
close O
. O

I O
expect O
to O
have O
a O
great O
deal O
of O
up O
and O
down O
days O
between O
now O
and O
then O
, O
" O
she O
said O
of O
the O
November O
5 O
election O
date O
. O

Clinton B-PER
is O
leading O
Dole B-PER
by O
as O
much O
as O
15 O
points O
according O
to O
some O
polls O
. O

The O
campaign O
pits O
Dole B-PER
, O
a O
man O
of O
quick O
and O
withering O
wit O
and O
long-time O
public O
service O
, O
but O
stilted O
speaking O
style O
, O
against O
the O
glib O
and O
confident O
Clinton B-PER
, O
who O
has O
perfected O
a O
style O
that O
makes O
direct O
eye O
contact O
with O
his O
audience O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Montana B-LOC
weekly O
muni O
bond O
indices O
- O
Piper B-ORG
Jaffray I-ORG
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
following O
Montana B-LOC
tax-exempt O
municipal O
bond O
indices O
were O
compiled O
by O
Piper B-ORG
Jaffray I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
for O
the O
week O
ending O
August O
30 O
. O

Previous O

8/30 O
Week O
Change O

------------------------- O

Year O
A-rated O
Gen'l O
Obligation O
4.45 O
% O
4.40 O
% O
+0.05 O

10 O
Year O
A-rated O
Gen'l O
Obligation O
4.90 O
% O
4.90 O
% O
----- O

15 O
Year O
A-rated O
Gen'l O
Obligation O
5.40 O
% O
5.35 O
% O
+0.05 O

20 O
Year O
A-rated O
Gen'l O
Obligation O
5.55 O
% O
5.50 O
% O
+0.05 O

30 O
Year O
A-rated O
Housing O
Rev O
6.05 O
% O
6.00 O
% O
+0.05 O

-- O
U.S. B-ORG
Municipal I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
, O
212-859-1650 O

-DOCSTART- O

Researchers O
report O
progress O
in O
muscular O
dystrophy O
. O

PHILADELPHIA B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

University B-ORG
of I-ORG
Pennsylvania I-ORG
researchers O
on O
Thursday O
said O
a O
new O
gene-therapy O
technique O
for O
treating O
muscular O
dystrophy O
disease O
had O
shown O
progress O
in O
laboratory O
animals O
. O

Word O
of O
the O
findings O
, O
to O
be O
published O
in O
the O
Oct. O
1 O
issue O
of O
the O
journal O
" O
Human B-ORG
Gene I-ORG
Therapy I-ORG
, O
" O
came O
in O
advance O
of O
the O
annual O
Jerry B-MISC
Lewis I-MISC
Labour I-MISC
Day I-MISC
weekend O
telethon O
to O
raise O
money O
for O
muscular O
dystrophy O
research O
. O

Several O
hurdles O
must O
be O
overcome O
before O
the O
method O
is O
used O
in O
human O
trials O
. O

Nevertheless O
, O
" O
a O
treatment O
based O
on O
the O
new O
strategy O
.... O
may O
have O
the O
potential O
to O
benefit O
many O
patients O
, O
" O
the O
University B-ORG
of I-ORG
Pennsylvania I-ORG
Medical O
Centre O
said O
in O
a O
release O
. O

Muscular O
dystrophy O
is O
a O
fatal O
illness O
in O
which O
the O
body O
's O
muscle O
tissue O
degenerates O
and O
is O
replaced O
by O
fat O
. O

Death O
strikes O
in O
early O
adulthood O
. O

Individuals O
with O
the O
disease O
have O
a O
non-working O
version O
of O
a O
gene O
responsible O
for O
producing O
a O
crucial O
muscle O
protein O
called O
dystrophin O
. O

In O
the O
study O
at O
the O
University O
's O
Institute B-ORG
for I-ORG
Human I-ORG
Gene I-ORG
Therapy I-ORG
, O
researchers O
altered O
a O
common-cold O
virus O
to O
carry O
a O
version O
of O
the O
working O
dystrophin O
gene O
. O

The O
virus O
, O
which O
also O
was O
altered O
to O
minimise O
its O
susceptibility O
to O
the O
immune O
system O
, O
was O
then O
injected O
into O
the O
muscle O
cells O
of O
mice O
bred O
to O
lack O
dystrophin O
genes O
. O

In O
the O
experiment O
, O
between O
30 O
to O
40 O
percent O
of O
the O
muscle O
fibers O
in O
one O
group O
of O
mice O
produced O
dystrophin O
for O
two O
weeks O
before O
diminishing O
. O

Similar O
results O
had O
been O
obtained O
previously O
in O
test-tube O
cell O
cultures O
, O
but O
not O
in O
live O
animals O
, O
the O
university O
said O
. O

The O
university O
said O
methods O
are O
still O
needed O
to O
make O
enough O
of O
the O
altered O
virus O
to O
treat O
humans O
, O
to O
further O
decrease O
the O
immune-system O
response O
to O
the O
virus O
, O
and O
to O
deliver O
the O
virus O
to O
human O
muscle O
tissue O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Export O
Business O
- O
Grain O
/ O
oilseeds O
complex O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Grain O
and O
oilseed O
exports O
reported O
by O
USDA B-ORG
and O
private O
export O
sources O
. O

WHEAT O
SALES O
- O
Taiwan B-ORG
Flour I-ORG
Mills I-ORG
Assn I-ORG
bought O
98,000 O
tonnes O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
No.1 O
or O
No.2 O
wheat O
from O
Cargill B-ORG
, O
Mitsui B-ORG
, O
Continental B-ORG
and O
Louis B-ORG
Dreyfus I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
for O
shipment O
from O
the O
Pacific B-LOC
Northwest I-LOC
. O

For O
Sept O
10-30 O
: O
16,300 O
tonnes O
of O
dark O
northern O
spring O
( O
DNS O
) O
at O
$ O
212.00 O
; O
7,000 O
of O
hard O
red O
winter O
( O
HRW O
) O
at O
$ O
205.10 O
; O
2,700 O
of O
western O
white O
( O
WW O
) O
at O
$ O
202.65 O
. O

For O
Sept O
20 O
- O
Oct O
10 O
: O
19,500 O
of O
DNS O
at O
$ O
212.25 O
, O
10,000 O
of O
HRW O
at O
$ O
204.74 O
, O
4,500 O
of O
WW O
at O
$ O
199.71 O
. O

For O
Sept O
25 O
- O
Oct O
20 O
: O
23,500 O
of O
DNS O
at O
$ O
212.25 O
, O
9,600 O
HRW O
at O
$ O
204.74 O
, O
4,900 O
WW O
at O
$ O
199.56 O
. O

WHEAT O
SALES O
- O
The O
Commodity B-ORG
Credit I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
of I-ORG
USDA I-ORG
bought O
18,278 O
tonnes O
of O
dark O
northern O
spring O
( O
DNS O
) O
wheat O
from O
Cargill B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
at O
$ O
195.79 O
per O
tonne O
, O
FOB O
, O
for O
donation O
to O
Nicaragua B-LOC
. O

Shipment O
is O
for O
Nov O
15 O
- O
Dec O
10 O
. O

WHEAT O
/ O
BARLEY O
SALE O
- O
The O
Japanese B-ORG
Food I-ORG
Agency I-ORG
said O
it O
bought O
20,000 O
tonnes O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
dark O
northern O
spring O
wheat O
, O
20,000 O
of O
Canadian B-MISC
western O
red O
spring O
wheat O
, O
20,000 O
of O
Australian B-MISC
standard O
white O
wheat O
and O
20,000 O
of O
Australian B-MISC
feed O
barley O
at O
its O
weekly O
tender O
, O
all O
for O
October O
shipment O
. O

SOYBEAN O
SALES O
- O
The O
Taichung B-ORG
division I-ORG
of O
Taiwan B-LOC
's O
Breakfast B-ORG
Soybean I-ORG
Procurement I-ORG
Assn I-ORG
bought O
108,000 O
tonnes O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
soybeans O
. O

Bunge B-ORG
sold O
the O
first O
shipment O
and O
Cargill B-ORG
the O
second O
, O
traders O
said O
. O

For O
Nov O
11-25 O
from O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
Gulf I-LOC
or O
Nov O
26 O
- O
Dec O
10 O
from O
PNW B-ORG
it O
paid O
$ O
0.8584 O
per O
bushel O
over O
CBOT O
January O
soybeans O
and O
for O
Dec O
6-20 O
or O
Dec O
21 O
- O
Jan O
it O
paid O
$ O
.8787 O
over O
CBOT O
January O
. O

- O
Pakistan B-LOC
bought O
31,412 O
tonnes O
of O
PL-480 O
No.2 O
yellow O
soybeans O
from O
Cargill B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
for O
$ O
303.19 O
per O
tonne O
, O
FOB O
U.S. B-LOC
Gulf I-LOC
, O
agents O
for O
the O
buyer O
said O
. O

The O
soybeans O
were O
for O
Oct O
15-30 O
shipment O
. O

BARLEY O
TENDER O
- O
The O
Cyprus B-ORG
Grain I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
said O
it O
invited O
offers O
September O
3 O
to O
supply O
25,000 O
tonnes O
of O
feed O
barley O
, O
with O
shipment O
for O
Sept O
25 O
- O
Oct O
10 O
from O
Europe B-LOC
or O
Sept O
15-30 O
from O
North B-LOC
America I-LOC
. O

MARKET O
TALK O
- O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
plans O
to O
import O
up O
to O
400,000 O
tonnes O
of O
rice O
by O
the O
end O
of O
this O
year O
to O
meet O
a O
crop O
shortfall O
caused O
by O
drought O
and O
rising O
demand O
, O
government O
officials O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

MARKET O
TALK O
- O
USDA B-ORG
net O
change O
in O
weekly O
export O
commitments O
for O
the O
week O
ended O
August O
22 O
, O
includes O
old O
crop O
and O
new O
crop O
, O
were O
: O
wheat O
up O
595,400 O
tonnes O
old O
, O
nil O
new O
; O
corn O
up O
1,900 O
old O
, O
up O
319,600 O
new O
; O
soybeans O
down O
12,300 O
old O
, O
up O
300,800 O
new O
; O
upland O
cotton O
up O
50,400 O
bales O
new O
, O
nil O
old O
; O
soymeal O
54,800 O
old O
, O
up O
100,600 O
new O
, O
soyoil O
nil O
old O
, O
up O
75,000 O
new O
; O
barley O
up O
1,700 O
old O
, O
nil O
new O
; O
sorghum O
6,200 O
old O
, O
up O
156,700 O
new O
; O
pima O
cotton O
up O
4,000 O
bales O
old O
, O
nil O
new O
; O
rice O
up O
49,900 O
old O
, O
nil O
new O
... O

USDA B-ORG
Thursday O
forecast O
U.S. B-LOC
agricultural O
exports O
in O
fiscal O
year O
1997 O
would O
decline O
to O
$ O
58 O
billion O
, O
down O
$ O
2 O
billion O
from O
the O
record O
$ O
60 O
billion O
seen O
for O
fiscal O
1996 O
. O

Oilseed O
exports O
are O
expected O
to O
rise O
by O
$ O
800 O
million O
and O
livestock O
, O
poultry O
and O
fruits O
and O
vegetables O
are O
seen O
gaining O
more O
than O
$ O
1 O
billion O
. O

USDA B-ORG
pegged O
U.S. B-LOC
wheat O
exports O
at O
25.0 O
million O
tonnes O
in O
fiscal O
1997 O
versus O
32.0 O
million O
tonnes O
the O
prior O
year O
... O

The O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
agreed O
on O
Thursday O
to O
increase O
by O
300,000 O
tonnes O
the O
quota O
of O
German B-MISC
intervention O
barley O
available O
for O
export O
, O
France B-LOC
ONIC B-ORG
said O
. O

The O
EU B-ORG
's O
grain O
panel O
will O
add O
two O
tranches O
of O
150,000 O
tonnes O
each O
to O
the O
existing O
allocation O
, O
it O
said O
. O

-- O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312-408-8720-- O

-DOCSTART- O

USDA B-ORG
gross O
cutout O
hide O
and O
offal O
value O
. O

DES B-LOC
MOINES I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
hide O
and O
offal O
value O
from O
a O
typical O
slaughter O
steer O
for O
Thursday O
was O
estimated O
at O
$ O
9.76 O
per O
cwt O
live O
, O
up O
$ O
0.03 O
when O
compared O
with O
Wednesday O
's O
value O
. O

- O
USDA B-ORG

-DOCSTART- O

Help-wanted O
ad O
index O
fell O
in O
July O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
help-wanted O
advertising O
index O
fell O
in O
July O
, O
the O
Conference B-ORG
Board I-ORG
said O
Thursday O
, O
reflecting O
the O
uneven O
nature O
of O
the O
nation O
's O
labour O
markets O
. O

The O
monthly O
index O
fell O
to O
83.0 O
in O
July O
against O
a O
reading O
of O
85.0 O
in O
June O
, O
the O
private O
business O
research O
group O
said O
. O

In O
July O
, O
the O
volume O
of O
help-wanted O
advertising O
fell O
in O
five O
of O
the O
nine O
U.S. B-LOC
regions O
. O

" O
The O
labour O
market O
has O
been O
expanding O
throughout O
1996 O
, O
but O
in O
a O
very O
uneven O
pattern O
, O
" O
Conference B-ORG
Board I-ORG
economist O
Ken B-PER
Goldstein I-PER
said O
. O
" O

Recent O
want-ad O
figures O
indicate O
that O
conservative O
hiring O
plans O
are O
keeping O
job O
growth O
below O
the O
rate O
of O
overall O
economic O
activity O
. O
" O

With O
2.5 O
percent O
gross O
domestic O
product O
growth O
expected O
for O
1996 O
, O
new O
job O
growth O
should O
slowly O
lower O
the O
unemployment O
rate O
over O
the O
rest O
of O
the O
year O
. O

" O
With O
the O
unemployment O
rate O
staying O
close O
to O
about O
5.5 O
percent O
over O
the O
last O
two O
years O
, O
there O
is O
a O
good O
chance O
the O
rate O
will O
slowly O
drop O
to O
about O
5.0 O
percent O
by O
the O
end O
of O
the O
year O
, O
" O
Goldstein B-PER
said O
. O

The O
July O
index O
matched O
the O
reading O
for O
July O
, O
1995 O
. O

The O
greatest O
declines O
in O
the O
volume O
of O
help-wanted O
advertising O
were O
in O
the O
New B-LOC
England I-LOC
, O
Mountain B-LOC
and O
West B-LOC
South I-LOC
Central I-LOC
regions O
. O

The O
greatest O
increase O
was O
in O
the O
East B-LOC
North I-LOC
Central I-LOC
region O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Police O
seek O
suspects O
in O
Atlantic B-LOC
City I-LOC
jewel O
heist O
. O

ATLANTIC B-LOC
CITY I-LOC
, O
N.J. B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Atlantic B-LOC
City I-LOC
police O
said O
Thursday O
they O
were O
seeking O
two O
men O
and O
two O
women O
in O
connection O
with O
a O
$ O
690,000 O
theft O
of O
jewelry O
and O
cash O
from O
a O
guest O
of O
the O
Showboat O
Hotel O
and O
Casino O
. O

Capt O
. O

Richard B-PER
Andrews I-PER
said O
police O
were O
seeking O
a O
man O
shown O
on O
a O
hotel O
videotape O
carrying O
a O
suitcase O
resembling O
the O
victim O
's O
. O
" O

We O
want O
to O
talk O
to O
him O
, O
" O
Andrews B-PER
said O
of O
the O
man O
. O

A O
second O
man O
and O
two O
women O
also O
were O
being O
sought O
. O

The O
thefts O
occurred O
Sunday O
when O
the O
victim O
, O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
jewelry O
wholesaler O
Jerry B-PER
Schein I-PER
, O
left O
three O
suitcases O
in O
a O
closet O
at O
Somerset B-ORG
Jewellers I-ORG
in O
the O
hotel O
while O
he O
checked O
out O
. O

While O
he O
was O
gone O
, O
two O
women O
in O
their O
mid-twenties O
and O
an O
older O
man O
entered O
the O
jewelry O
store O
and O
tried O
to O
distract O
store O
owner O
Charles B-PER
McGilley I-PER
. O

When O
Schein B-PER
returned O
two O
of O
the O
suitcases O
were O
missing O
. O

They O
contained O
$ O
650,000 O
in O
jewelry O
and O
$ O
40,000 O
in O
cash O
, O
Andrews B-PER
said O
. O

He O
said O
the O
man O
on O
the O
videotape O
did O
not O
match O
the O
description O
given O
by O
the O
jewelry O
store O
owner O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

O.J. B-PER
Simpson I-PER
hints O
at O
more O
supporting O
evidence O
. O

Jackie B-PER
Frank I-PER

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

O.J. B-PER
Simpson I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
he O
was O
financially O
broken O
by O
his O
defence O
against O
murder O
charges O
but O
he O
was O
hopeful O
new O
evidence O
to O
support O
him O
would O
be O
available O
for O
a O
civil O
trial O
next O
month O
. O

The O
former O
football O
star O
was O
found O
not O
guilty O
by O
a O
criminal O
trial O
jury O
last O
October O
of O
the O
murders O
of O
his O
former O
wife O
, O
Nicole B-PER
Brown I-PER
Simpson I-PER
, O
and O
her O
friend O
, O
Ronald B-PER
Goldman I-PER
, O
in O
June O
1994 O
. O

He O
now O
faces O
a O
civil O
suit O
brought O
by O
families O
of O
the O
victims O
who O
hold O
him O
responsible O
for O
the O
deaths O
. O

He O
told O
reporters O
a O
court O
order O
not O
to O
talk O
about O
his O
case O
kept O
him O
from O
detailing O
how O
he O
has O
fulfilled O
his O
pledge O
to O
find O
the O
killers O
. O

But O
he O
added O
without O
elaborating O
, O
" O
hopefully O
we O
will O
see O
some O
things O
come O
out O
in O
this O
next O
trial O
. O
" O

The O
judge O
in O
the O
civil O
trial O
has O
imposed O
a O
sweeping O
gag O
order O
that O
prohibits O
lawyers O
, O
witnesses O
and O
parties O
to O
the O
case O
from O
discussing O
it O
with O
the O
media O
or O
elsewhere O
in O
public O
. O

" O
I O
would O
love O
to O
speak O
about O
everything O
, O
" O
said O
Simpson B-PER
, O
who O
vowed O
after O
his O
acquittal O
to O
find O
the O
killers O
and O
offered O
a O
substantial O
reward O
. O

His O
lawyers O
have O
said O
his O
defence O
in O
the O
civil O
trial O
that O
starts O
Sept O
. O

17 O
will O
be O
that O
he O
did O
not O
kill O
the O
victims O
. O

Simpson B-PER
said O
at O
the O
hotel O
news O
conference O
his O
plans O
include O
eventually O
writing O
another O
book O
. O

He O
added O
that O
he O
has O
had O
job O
offers O
but O
more O
have O
come O
from O
abroad O
than O
at O
home O
. O

" O
I O
'm O
broke O
. O

I O
am O
not O
crying O
the O
blues O
. O

I O
can O
get O
along O
just O
fine O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O
" O

Whatever O
you O
want O
to O
send O
me O
, O
I O
need O
. O
" O

He O
again O
accused O
the O
news O
media O
of O
erroneous O
reporting O
on O
his O
case O
but O
did O
not O
signal O
any O
plans O
for O
lawsuits O
as O
he O
did O
on O
Wednesday O
in O
an O
address O
at O
a O
jam-packed O
Washington B-LOC
church O
. O

Contrary O
to O
news O
reports O
, O
Simpson B-PER
said O
, O
he O
has O
received O
support O
from O
both O
blacks O
and O
whites O
. O

He O
again O
dismissed O
charges O
that O
he O
had O
distanced O
himself O
from O
the O
black O
community O
during O
his O
successful O
football O
and O
commercial O
career O
, O
only O
to O
seek O
their O
support O
after O
he O
faced O
murder O
charges O
. O

A O
crowd O
of O
2,000 O
paid O
$ O
10 O
a O
head O
to O
hear O
the O
former O
star O
running O
back O
for O
the O
Buffalo B-ORG
Bills I-ORG
professional O
football O
club O
and O
a O
Football B-MISC
Hall I-MISC
of I-MISC
Fame I-MISC
member O
on O
Wednesday O
night O
. O

The O
crowd O
in O
the O
church O
was O
wildly O
supportive O
, O
showering O
Simpson B-PER
with O
gifts O
and O
praise O
. O

But O
outside O
, O
dozens O
of O
protesters O
from O
the O
D.C. B-ORG
Coalition I-ORG
Against I-ORG
Domestic I-ORG
Violence I-ORG
called O
for O
the O
church O
to O
support O
victims O
of O
violence O
instead O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Clinton B-PER
adviser O
Morris B-PER
announces O
resignation O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
's O
top O
political O
strategist O
Dick B-PER
Morris I-PER
resigned O
on O
Thursday O
, O
saying O
he O
did O
not O
want O
to O
become O
an O
issue O
in O
Clinton B-PER
's O
re-election O
campaign O
. O

In O
a O
written O
statement O
, O
distributed O
by O
the O
Clinton B-PER
campaign O
, O
Morris B-PER
avoided O
comment O
on O
published O
allegations O
that O
he O
had O
engaged O
in O
a O
year-long O
affair O
with O
a O
$ O
200-an-hour O
prostitute O
. O

The O
statement O
from O
Morris B-PER
said O
that O
he O
had O
submitted O
his O
resignation O
on O
Wednesday O
night O
. O
" O

While O
I O
served O
I O
sought O
to O
avoid O
the O
limelight O
because O
I O
did O
not O
want O
to O
become O
the O
message O
. O

Now O
, O
I O
resign O
so O
I O
will O
not O
become O
the O
issue O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
announcement O
followed O
a O
report O
in O
the O
weekly O
supermarket O
tabloid O
Star B-ORG
magazine I-ORG
, O
reprinted O
in O
Thursday O
's O
editions O
of O
the O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Post I-ORG
, O
that O
the O
married O
adviser O
had O
hired O
a O
37-year-old O
prostitute O
on O
a O
weekly O
basis O
while O
visiting O
Washington B-LOC
to O
advise O
Clinton B-PER
on O
his O
re-election O
campaign O
. O

" O
I O
will O
not O
subject O
my O
wife O
, O
family O
or O
friends O
to O
the O
sadistic O
, O
vitriol O
of O
yellow O
journalism O
. O

I O
will O
not O
dignify O
such O
journalism O
with O
a O
reply O
or O
an O
answer O
. O

I O
never O
will O
, O
" O
his O
statement O
said O
. O

It O
was O
distributed O
to O
reporters O
at O
the O
press O
centre O
of O
Clinton B-PER
's O
Democratic B-MISC
convention O
headquarters O
just O
hours O
before O
the O
president O
was O
to O
address O
the O
delegates O
accepting O
the O
party O
's O
nomination O
for O
a O
second O
four-year O
term O
in O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
surgeon O
investigated O
for O
discarding O
foot O
. O

CHARLESTON B-LOC
, O
S.C. B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Health O
officials O
said O
on O
Thursday O
they O
were O
investigating O
the O
discovery O
of O
an O
amputated O
foot O
on O
a O
beach O
near O
Charleston B-LOC
to O
determine O
whether O
a O
local O
surgeon O
had O
improperly O
disposed O
of O
infectious O
waste O
. O

The O
foot O
, O
which O
washed O
up O
on O
Sullivan B-LOC
's I-LOC
Island I-LOC
beach O
this O
month O
, O
was O
amputated O
three O
years O
ago O
from O
a O
child O
whose O
legs O
were O
deformed O
. O

The O
foot O
had O
to O
be O
removed O
so O
the O
infant O
could O
be O
fitted O
with O
a O
prosthesis O
. O

An O
orthopedic O
surgeon O
was O
given O
permission O
by O
the O
child O
's O
parents O
and O
the O
hospital O
to O
keep O
the O
foot O
for O
research O
and O
educational O
purposes O
. O

Health O
officials O
said O
the O
surgeon O
told O
authorities O
he O
stored O
the O
foot O
in O
his O
freezer O
at O
home O
, O
but O
the O
freezer O
recently O
broke O
down O
and O
the O
contents O
spoiled O
. O

The O
surgeon O
, O
who O
apologised O
for O
the O
incident O
, O
said O
he O
decided O
to O
put O
the O
foot O
in O
a O
crab O
trap O
to O
remove O
the O
flesh O
. O

The O
foot O
later O
washed O
up O
on O
the O
beach O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Florida B-LOC
cop O
disguised O
as O
shrub O
nabs O
bad O
guys O
. O

MIAMI B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

It O
was O
a O
bush O
that O
bagged O
the O
bad O
guys O
. O

When O
four O
would-be O
robbers O
, O
armed O
and O
masked O
, O
showed O
up O
to O
rob O
a O
Checker B-ORG
's I-ORG
restaurant O
in O
the O
Fort B-LOC
Lauderdale I-LOC
suburb O
of O
Pembroke B-LOC
Pines I-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
, O
they O
had O
no O
idea O
the O
shrub O
near O
the O
drive-through O
window O
was O
toting O
a O
shotgun O
. O

Detective O
Earl B-PER
Feugill I-PER
, O
camouflaged O
as O
a O
shaggy O
green O
bush O
, O
ordered O
them O
to O
freeze O
. O
" O

They O
were O
quite O
surprised O
, O
" O
he O
told O
the O
Miami B-ORG
Herald I-ORG
. O

Feugill B-PER
said O
he O
made O
the O
hot O
, O
heavy O
suit O
, O
which O
he O
first O
used O
in O
the O
Marines B-ORG
, O
by O
attaching O
strips O
of O
burlap O
to O
a O
camouflage O
outfit O
. O

Green B-PER
and O
black O
face O
paint O
completed O
his O
disguise O
. O

He O
was O
staking O
out O
the O
restaurant O
after O
a O
series O
of O
robberies O
at O
local O
fast-food O
places O
. O

Pembroke B-LOC
Pines I-LOC
police O
said O
five O
people O
were O
arrested O
as O
a O
result O
of O
the O
90-minute O
stakeout O
, O
including O
the O
four O
robbers O
and O
a O
restaurant O
employee O
who O
was O
allegedly O
prepared O
to O
let O
them O
in O
a O
back O
door O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-ORG
DLA I-ORG
sets O
tin O
price O
at O
$ O
2.7975 O
per O
lb O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
U.S. B-ORG
Defense I-ORG
Logistics I-ORG
Agency I-ORG
set O
Thursday O
's O
offering O
price O
for O
stockpile O
tin O
at O
$ O
2.7975 O
per O
lb O
, O
versus O
$ O
2.7775 O
per O
lb O
yesterday O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Key O
Clinton B-PER
aide O
resigns O
, O
NBC B-ORG
says O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Dick B-PER
Morris I-PER
, O
the O
Republican B-MISC
political O
consultant O
who O
reshaped O
U.S. B-LOC
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
's O
reelection O
campaign O
, O
has O
resigned O
, O
MS-NBC B-MISC
News I-MISC
reported O
Thursday O
. O

Morris B-PER
drew O
the O
ire O
of O
liberal O
Clinton B-PER
aides O
for O
repositioning O
the O
president O
in O
the O
political O
centre O
. O

There O
was O
no O
immediate O
comment O
on O
the O
report O
from O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
corn O
gluten O
meal O
steady-higher O
, O
feed O
flat O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

U.S. B-LOC
corn O
gluten O
feed O
prices O
were O
flat O
while O
meal O
values O
were O
steady O
to O
firmer O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Dealers O
noted O
a O
seasonal O
pickup O
in O
meal O
demand O
. O

-- O

CHICAGO B-MISC
AREA I-MISC
MILLS I-MISC
( O
dollars O
per O
short O
ton O
) O

Gluten O
feed O
21 O
pct O
bulk O
Spot O
- O
117.00 O
unc O

Gluten O
feed O
pellets O
Spot O
- O
unq O

Gluten O
meal O
60 O
pct O
bulk O
rail O
Spot O
- O
320.00 O
up O
5 O

DECATUR B-ORG
, O
IL B-LOC
/ O
CLINTON B-ORG
AND I-ORG
CEDAR I-ORG
RAPIDS I-ORG
, O
IA B-LOC

Gluten O
feed O
18 O
pct O
pellets O
Spot O
- O
117.00 O
unc O

Gluten O
meal O
60 O
pct O
bulk O
Spot O
- O
310.00 O
unc O

( O
Chicago B-LOC
newsdesk O
312-408-8720 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

EU B-ORG
barley O
sale O
worth O
$ O
145 O
/ O
T O
, O
for O
Saudi B-MISC
- O
sources O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
sale O
of O
234,324 O
tonnes O
of O
German B-MISC
intervention O
barley O
is O
worth O
some O
$ O
145 O
per O
tonne O
fob O
Germany B-LOC
and O
is O
mostly O
destined O
for O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
, O
European B-MISC
grain O
sources O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
EU B-ORG
's O
cereals O
management O
committee O
sold O
234,324 O
tonnes O
of O
German B-MISC
intervention O
barley O
at O
a O
minimum O
price O
of O
105.07 O
Ecus B-MISC
per O
tonne O
. O

Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
provisionally O
bought O
800,000 O
tonnes O
of O
optional-origin O
barley O
at O
an O
August O
21 O
tender O
at O
prices O
between O
$ O
160 O
and O
$ O
162 O
including O
cost O
, O
insurance O
and O
freight O
, O
traders O
said O
last O
week O
. O

But O
European B-MISC
grain O
traders O
and O
officials O
said O
the O
Saudis B-MISC
might O
reduce O
the O
purchase O
to O
600,000 O
tonnes O
. O

Traders O
have O
said O
a O
substantial O
part O
of O
the O
deal O
was O
likely O
to O
come O
from O
the O
European B-ORG
Union I-ORG
, O
which O
enjoys O
a O
supply O
and O
freight O
advantage O
over O
other O
producers O
. O

But O
subtracting O
freight O
costs O
, O
the O
equivalent O
fob O
price O
of O
the O
deal O
is O
around O
$ O
142 O
, O
well O
below O
the O
$ O
149 O
per O
tonne O
floor O
price O
which O
the O
EU B-ORG
put O
on O
its O
barley O
as O
news O
of O
the O
deal O
emerged O
last O
week O
. O

Last O
Thursday O
the O
EU B-ORG
sold O
34,277 O
tonnes O
of O
German B-MISC
intervention O
barley O
at O
a O
minimum O
price O
of O
109.36 O
Ecus B-MISC
per O
tonne O
, O
which O
was O
seen O
as O
worth O
$ O
149 O
per O
tonne O
fob O
. O

-- O
Paris B-LOC
newsroom O
+331 O
4221 O
5432 O

-DOCSTART- O

French B-MISC
shipyard O
workers O
march O
against O
job O
cuts O
. O

RENNES B-ORG
1996-08-29 O

About O
3,500 O
naval O
shipyard O
workers O
marched O
in O
the O
centre O
of O
the O
northern O
port O
town O
of O
Cherbourg B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
to O
protest O
against O
defence O
restructuring O
, O
a O
union O
official O
said O
. O

The O
local O
police O
headquarters O
did O
not O
give O
a O
figure O
but O
said O
1,800 O
workers O
at O
the O
Cherbourg B-LOC
yeard O
had O
stopped O
work O
. O

A O
cutback O
plan O
could O
slim O
their O
numbers O
to O
1,700 O
from O
4,200 O
. O

Several O
hundred O
workers O
also O
marched O
in O
the O
western O
town O
of O
Indre B-LOC
where O
500 O
or O
1,600 O
jobs O
are O
at O
risk O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Pakistan B-LOC
- O
August O
29 O
. O

Following O
are O
some O
of O
the O
main O
stories O
in O
Thursday O
's O
Pakistani B-MISC
newspapers O
: O

DAWN B-ORG

- O
The O
government O
has O
decided O
to O
transfer O
the O
entire O
distribution O
network O
of O
electricity O
to O
foreign O
managements O
to O
curtail O
losses O
of O
billions O
of O
rupees O
. O

- O
The O
government O
has O
suffered O
a O
loss O
of O
11 O
billion O
rupees O
due O
to O
tax O
holidays O
at O
industrial O
estates O
in O
Hub B-LOC
and O
Gadoon B-LOC
. O

- O
High O
Court O
officials O
have O
unearthed O
police-run O
human O
cages O
at O
Tando B-LOC
Allahyar I-LOC
near O
Hyderabad B-LOC
. O

Some O
27 O
people O
were O
rescued O
from O
the O
private O
jail O
set O
up O
by O
the O
police O
. O

- O
Opposition O
leader O
Nawaz B-PER
Sharif I-PER
renewed O
a O
pledge O
to O
oust O
the O
Pakistan B-ORG
People I-ORG
's I-ORG
Party I-ORG
government O
headed O
by O
Prime O
Minister O
Benazir B-PER
Bhutto I-PER
. O

BUSINESS B-ORG
RECORDER I-ORG

- O
Gas O
prices O
may O
go O
up O
by O
five O
percent O
to O
increase O
the O
rate O
of O
return O
of O
Sui B-ORG
Southern I-ORG
Gas I-ORG
and O
Sui B-ORG
Northern I-ORG
Gas I-ORG
companies O
. O

- O
Japan B-LOC
is O
importing O
80 O
percent O
of O
cotton O
yarn O
from O
Pakistan B-LOC
every O
year O
. O

- O
The O
government O
has O
blamed O
sugar O
technologists O
for O
not O
supporting O
a O
long-term O
programme O
of O
research O
and O
development O
to O
increase O
production O
of O
sugarcane O
. O

FINANCIAL B-ORG
POST I-ORG

- O
Armed O
robbers O
pillaged O
70 O
barrels O
of O
crude O
oil O
from O
a O
well O
near O
Gujar B-LOC
Khan I-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
. O

- O
Pakistan B-LOC
will O
pay O
an O
additional O
bill O
of O
$ O
244 O
million O
as O
private O
power O
projects O
with O
capacity O
of O
3,225 O
megawatt O
go O
on-line O
by O
1998/99 O
. O

THE B-ORG
NATION I-ORG

- O
The O
government O
is O
facing O
extreme O
difficulties O
in O
meeting O
its O
revenue O
collections O
targets O
for O
1996/97 O
. O

- O
Mohib B-ORG
Textile I-ORG
Mills I-ORG
has O
defaulted O
to O
nearly O
23 O
development O
finance O
institutions O
, O
foreign O
and O
local O
banks O
, O
leasing O
companies O
and O
modarabas O
( O
Islamic B-MISC
mutual O
funds O
) O
. O

- O
Investment O
Minister O
Asif B-PER
Ali I-PER
Zardari I-PER
expressed O
keenness O
for O
a O
close O
working O
relationship O
with O
Japanese B-MISC
companies O
so O
that O
investment O
from O
Japan B-LOC
can O
multiply.q O

- O
Karachi B-ORG
Stock I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
index O
falls O
by O
7.84 O
points O
. O

THE B-ORG
NEWS I-ORG

- O
The O
prime O
minister O
's O
special O
economic O
assistant O
Shahid B-PER
Hasan I-PER
Khan I-PER
said O
privatisation O
of O
thermal O
power O
plants O
, O
power O
generation O
from O
private O
plants O
and O
management O
contracts O
of O
Area B-MISC
Electricity I-MISC
Boards I-MISC
would O
help O
achieve O
6.5 O
percent O
GDP O
growth O
. O

- O
Pakistan B-LOC
's O
Muslim B-ORG
Commercial I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
, O
Vital B-ORG
Information I-ORG
System I-ORG
, O
and O
Duff B-ORG
and I-ORG
Phelps I-ORG
of O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
are O
likely O
to O
announce O
a O
strategic O
alliance O
with O
Bangladesh B-LOC
's O
only O
credit O
rating O
company O
-- O
Credit B-ORG
Rating I-ORG
and I-ORG
Information I-ORG
Systems I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
-- O
next O
month O
. O

- O
The O
Sindh B-ORG
High I-ORG
Court I-ORG
issued O
an O
ad-interim O
order O
restraining O
the O
Privatisation B-ORG
Commission I-ORG
from O
handing O
over O
Javedan B-ORG
Cement I-ORG
to O
Dadabhoy B-ORG
Investment I-ORG
( I-ORG
pvt I-ORG
) I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
until O
it O
can O
consider O
a O
legal O
challenge O
mounted O
by O
unions O
to O
the O
deal O
. O

THE B-ORG
MUSLIM I-ORG

- O
Pakistan B-LOC
and O
Iran B-LOC
have O
agreed O
to O
expand O
and O
strengthen O
political O
, O
trade O
and O
economic O
relations O
. O

-- O
Islamabad B-LOC
newsroom O
9251-274757 O

-DOCSTART- O

Salang B-LOC
tunnel O
reopened O
linking O
Kabul B-LOC
with O
north O
. O

SALANG B-LOC
TUNNEL O
, O
Afghanistan B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
Salang B-LOC
tunnel O
linking O
Kabul B-LOC
with O
northern O
Afghanistan B-LOC
was O
formally O
reopened O
to O
traffic O
on O
Thursday O
under O
an O
agreement O
between O
the O
government O
and O
an O
opposition O
militia O
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

They O
said O
dozens O
of O
trucks O
began O
moving O
through O
the O
tunnel O
from O
both O
directions O
after O
the O
road O
reopened O
. O

The O
Salang B-LOC
tunnel O
, O
the O
main O
supply O
route O
for O
Soviet B-MISC
troops O
when O
they O
were O
occupying O
Afghanistan B-LOC
in O
the O
1980s O
, O
had O
been O
closed O
since O
1994 O
when O
northern O
militia O
leader O
General O
Abdul B-PER
Rashid I-PER
Dostum I-PER
rebelled O
against O
the O
Kabul B-LOC
government O
. O

Witnesses O
said O
wrecked O
tanks O
and O
vehicles O
littered O
both O
sides O
of O
the O
heavily-mined O
road O
. O

Mines O
had O
been O
removed O
from O
the O
road O
itself O
, O
but O
experts O
of O
the O
Halo B-LOC
Trust I-LOC
mine O
clearance O
agency O
said O
it O
would O
take O
a O
week O
to O
clear O
the O
roadsides O
. O

Afghan B-MISC
Deputy O
Prime O
Minister O
Qotbuddin B-PER
Hilal I-PER
officiated O
at O
the O
reopening O
ceremony O
, O
which O
was O
delayed O
by O
several O
hours O
while O
the O
two O
sides O
argued O
about O
a O
mutual O
release O
of O
prisoners O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Two O
Indians B-MISC
to O
die O
for O
killing O
23 O
bus O
passengers O
. O

NEW B-LOC
DELHI I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

India B-LOC
's O
Supreme B-ORG
Court I-ORG
on O
Thursday O
sentenced O
two O
men O
to O
death O
after O
finding O
them O
guilty O
of O
killing O
23 O
bus O
passengers O
, O
including O
children O
. O

It O
said O
the O
two O
, O
after O
robbing O
the O
passengers O
, O
burnt O
them O
alive O
by O
sprinkling O
the O
bus O
with O
petrol O
and O
setting O
it O
on O
fire O
in O
the O
southern O
state O
of O
Andhra B-LOC
Pradesh I-LOC
in O
1993 O
. O

" O
We O
have O
no O
doubt O
that O
this O
is O
one O
of O
the O
rarest O
of O
the O
rare O
cases O
, O
not O
merely O
due O
to O
the O
number O
of O
innocent O
human O
beings O
roasted O
alive O
by O
the O
appellants O
, O
but O
the O
inhuman O
manner O
in O
which O
they O
plotted O
the O
scheme O
and O
executed O
it O
, O
" O
Justice B-PER
K.T. I-PER
Thomas I-PER
said O
in O
the O
verdict O
by O
a O
panel O
of O
three O
judges O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Elephant O
tramples O
woman O
to O
death O
in O
Nepal B-LOC
. O

KATHMANDU B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
rampaging O
elephant O
dragged O
a O
sleeping O
72-year-old O
woman O
from O
her O
bed O
and O
trampled O
her O
to O
death O
in O
the O
third O
such O
killing O
in O
two O
months O
, O
Nepal B-LOC
police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
elephant O
crashed O
into O
Hari B-PER
Maya I-PER
Poudels I-PER
house O
in O
Madhumalla B-LOC
village O
earlier O
this O
week O
while O
she O
was O
asleep O
, O
they O
said O
. O

The O
beast O
dragged O
the O
woman O
30 O
feet O
( O
nine O
metres O
) O
away O
from O
her O
bed O
and O
trampled O
her O
to O
death O
, O
a O
police O
official O
told O
Reuters B-ORG
in O
the O
Himalayan B-MISC
kingdoms O
capital O
Kathmandu B-LOC
. O

In O
the O
past O
two O
months O
elephants O
have O
killed O
three O
people O
in O
remote O
areas O
of O
east O
and O
central O
Nepal B-LOC
. O

Elephants O
are O
protected O
under O
Nepali B-MISC
law O
, O
which O
provides O
for O
jail O
sentences O
of O
up O
to O
15 O
years O
for O
convicted O
elephant O
killers O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Sri B-MISC
Lankan I-MISC
rebels O
overrun O
police O
post O
, O
kill O
24 O
. O

COLOMBO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Tamil B-ORG
Tiger I-ORG
rebels O
overran O
an O
isolated O
police O
post O
in O
Sri B-LOC
Lanka I-LOC
's O
northeast O
early O
on O
Thursday O
killing O
24 O
policemen O
, O
defence O
officials O
said O
. O

A O
large O
group O
of O
Liberation B-ORG
Tigers I-ORG
of I-ORG
Tamil I-ORG
Eelam I-ORG
( O
LTTE B-ORG
) O
rebels O
stormed O
the O
Kudapokuna B-LOC
police O
post O
, O
just O
north O
of O
Welikanda B-LOC
, O
200 O
km O
( O
125 O
miles O
) O
from O
Colombo B-LOC
, O
before O
dawn O
, O
they O
said O
. O

" O
The O
entire O
post O
was O
overrun O
, O
" O
said O
a O
defence O
official O
. O

It O
was O
not O
immediately O
clear O
if O
there O
were O
any O
casualties O
among O
the O
rebels O
, O
who O
are O
fighting O
for O
independence O
for O
minority O
Tamils B-MISC
in O
the O
Indian B-LOC
Ocean I-LOC
island O
's O
north O
and O
east O
. O

It O
is O
the O
second O
time O
in O
three O
days O
that O
the O
rebels O
attacked O
police O
. O

Suspected O
Tamil B-MISC
Tigers B-ORG
on O
Tuesday O
hurled O
hand O
grenades O
at O
a O
police O
vehicle O
in O
a O
crowded O
market O
in O
the O
army-controlled O
northern O
town O
of O
Vavuniya B-LOC
, O
killing O
at O
least O
two O
policemen O
. O

More O
than O
a O
dozen O
people O
, O
including O
several O
police O
who O
were O
working O
undercover O
, O
were O
wounded O
in O
the O
attack O
. O

Vavuniya B-LOC
is O
just O
south O
of O
the O
northern O
mainland O
area O
controlled O
by O
the O
LTTE B-ORG
. O

The O
government O
says O
more O
than O
50,000 O
people O
have O
died O
in O
the O
ethnic O
war O
, O
now O
in O
its O
14th O
year O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Vicorp B-ORG
Restaurants I-ORG
names O
Sabourin B-LOC
CFO O
. O

DENVER B-PER
1996-08-29 O

Vicorp B-ORG
Restaurants I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
it O
has O
named O
Richard B-PER
Sabourin I-PER
as O
executive O
vice O
president O
and O
chief O
financial O
officer O
. O

The O
company O
said O
Sabourin B-PER
is O
the O
former O
president O
and O
chief O
executive O
at O
Bestop B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
of O
Boulder B-LOC
, O
Colo B-LOC
. I-LOC

It O
said O
Craig B-PER
Held I-PER
has O
also O
joined O
the O
company O
as O
executive O
vice O
president O
and O
chief O
marketing O
officer O
. O

-- O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Newsdesk I-ORG
212 O
859 O
1610 O

-DOCSTART- O

SoCal B-ORG
Edison I-ORG
sees O
2 O
power O
lines O
back O
today O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Southern B-ORG
California I-ORG
Edison I-ORG
Co I-ORG
said O
it O
expected O
two O
220 O
kilovolt O
( O
KV O
) O
power O
lines O
in O
southern O
California B-LOC
to O
resume O
service O
later O
today O
after O
being O
shut O
late O
Wednesday O
because O
of O
a O
wildfire O
raging O
north O
of O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
. O

" O
They O
are O
expected O
to O
be O
placed O
in O
service O
later O
today O
, O
" O
said O
company O
spokesman O
Steve B-PER
Conroy I-PER
, O
adding O
repair O
crews O
have O
been O
removing O
smoke O
and O
other O
fire-related O
residues O
, O
which O
had O
settled O
on O
the O
two O
lines O
. O

The O
shutdown O
of O
the O
220 O
KV O
lines O
reduced O
by O
500 O
megawatts O
( O
MW O
) O
the O
amount O
of O
power O
which O
the O
area O
received O
from O
SoCal B-ORG
Edison I-ORG
's O
1,200 O
MW O
Sierra B-LOC
hydroelectric O
facility O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Conroy B-PER
noted O
two O
500 O
KV O
and O
another O
220 O
KV O
line O
running O
from O
the O
Sierra B-LOC
plant O
to O
Los B-LOC
Angeles I-LOC
remained O
in O
operation O
, O
and O
continued O
to O
carry O
some O
of O
the O
production O
from O
Sierra B-LOC
to O
the O
region O
. O

On O
Monday O
, O
the O
two O
500 O
KV O
transmission O
cables O
were O
taken O
out O
of O
service O
, O
also O
for O
cleaning O
, O
for O
about O
a O
day O
. O

Containment O
of O
the O
fire O
has O
been O
difficult O
because O
of O
the O
hot O
, O
arid O
, O
windy O
weather O
in O
the O
region O
, O
Conroy B-PER
said O
. O

" O
The O
fires O
keep O
moving O
back O
because O
of O
the O
winds O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
forcing O
the O
utility O
to O
shut O
those O
transmission O
lines O
for O
a O
second O
time O
this O
week O
. O

Local O
authorities O
charged O
a O
teenager O
for O
starting O
the O
blaze O
. O

In O
four O
days O
, O
the O
fire O
destroyed O
20,000 O
acres O
of O
forest O
land O
. O

-- O
R B-PER
Leong I-PER
, O
New B-ORG
York I-ORG
Power I-ORG
Desk I-ORG
+1 O
212 O
859 O
1622 O

-DOCSTART- O

Dreyfus B-ORG
Strategic I-ORG
Munis I-ORG
monthly O
$ O
0.056 O
/ O
shr O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Monthly O

Latest O
Prior O

Amount O
$ O
0.056 O
$ O
0.056 O

Pay O
Sept O
27 O

Record O
Sept O
13 O

NOTE O
: O
Full O
name O
of O
company O
is O
Dreyfus B-ORG
Strategic I-ORG
Municipals I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Sierra B-ORG
Semiconductor I-ORG
jumps O
on O
exit O
plan O
. O

Martin B-PER
Wolk I-PER

SEATTLE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Sierra B-ORG
Semiconductor I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
jumped O
23 O
percent O
Thursday O
on O
the O
expectation O
the O
company O
would O
emerge O
as O
a O
smaller O
but O
more O
profitable O
operation O
after O
its O
planned O
exit O
from O
the O
computer O
modem O
business O
. O

The O
San B-LOC
Jose I-LOC
, O
Calif. B-LOC
, O
company O
was O
up O
2-1/8 O
at O
11-3/8 O
after O
its O
announcement O
Wednesday O
that O
it O
planned O
to O
pull O
out O
of O
the O
highly O
competitive O
modem-chip O
business O
and O
focus O
instead O
on O
the O
fast-growing O
market O
for O
computer O
networking O
equipment O
. O

" O
Certainly O
the O
company O
will O
be O
a O
much O
smaller O
company O
now O
, O
but O
it O
will O
be O
a O
more O
profitable O
business O
, O
" O
said O
analyst O
Elias B-PER
Moosa I-PER
of O
Roberston B-ORG
Stephens I-ORG
& I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. O

But O
analysts O
noted O
that O
Sierra B-ORG
still O
has O
much O
painful O
work O
ahead O
of O
it O
, O
including O
cutting O
as O
many O
as O
150 O
jobs O
from O
its O
workforce O
, O
which O
currently O
has O
500 O
people O
, O
and O
building O
up O
the O
business O
of O
its O
PMC-Sierra B-ORG
unit O
, O
which O
makes O
routing O
devices O
and O
chipsets O
for O
high-speed O
computer O
networks O
. O

The O
company O
has O
announced O
plans O
to O
take O
a O
charge O
against O
earnings O
of O
$ O
50 O
million O
to O
$ O
80 O
million O
to O
write O
down O
the O
value O
of O
assets O
and O
inventories O
and O
cover O
severance O
payments O
. O

Scott B-PER
Randall I-PER
of O
Soundview B-ORG
Financial I-ORG
Group I-ORG
said O
the O
company O
likely O
would O
have O
difficulty O
selling O
its O
modem-chip O
business O
. O

" O
Once O
you O
announce O
your O
intention O
to O
exit O
a O
business O
, O
it O
becomes O
a O
complete O
buyer O
's O
market O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

And O
he O
said O
that O
while O
the O
company O
is O
focusing O
on O
the O
fastest-growing O
part O
of O
its O
business O
, O
the O
market O
for O
networking O
chips O
has O
begun O
to O
attract O
the O
attention O
of O
much-larger O
players O
such O
as O
International B-ORG
Business I-ORG
Machines I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

" O
As O
the O
market O
develops O
the O
question O
is O
, O
are O
they O
able O
to O
make O
that O
transition O
to O
be O
a O
much O
larger O
company O
? O
" O

Randall B-PER
said O
. O

Other O
analysts O
were O
more O
bullish O
, O
even O
though O
the O
company O
is O
expected O
to O
shrink O
to O
slightly O
more O
than O
half O
its O
current O
size O
in O
sales O
. O

" O
It O
's O
a O
positive O
strategic O
move O
, O
" O
said O
Miles B-PER
Kan I-PER
of O
Hambrecht B-ORG
& I-ORG
Quist I-ORG
. O

" O
The O
modem O
business O
is O
a O
low-margin O
, O
commodity O
business O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

The O
company O
's O
PMC-Sierra B-ORG
unit O
generated O
$ O
33 O
million O
of O
the O
company O
's O
$ O
117 O
million O
in O
sales O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
the O
year O
, O
compared O
with O
$ O
45 O
million O
in O
sales O
of O
modem O
chips O
, O
Kan B-PER
said O
. O

But O
the O
PMC B-ORG
unit O
is O
far O
more O
profitable O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Sierra B-ORG
's O
stock O
has O
fallen O
from O
a O
high O
of O
nearly O
$ O
25 O
this O
year O
as O
the O
computer O
chip O
sector O
has O
been O
battered O
by O
falling O
prices O
and O
concern O
about O
slowing O
demand O
. O

-- O
Seattle B-LOC
bureau O
206-386-4848 O

-DOCSTART- O

Housecall B-ORG
shares O
sink O
after O
profit O
warning O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Shares O
in O
home O
healthcare O
services O
company O
Housecall B-ORG
Medical I-ORG
Resources I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
fell O
more O
than O
50 O
percent O
on O
Thursday O
after O
the O
company O
said O
it O
expected O
a O
net O
loss O
for O
the O
fiscal O
fourth O
quarter O
. O

Morgan B-ORG
Stanley I-ORG
said O
it O
downgraded O
the O
stock O
to O
underperform O
from O
outperform O
. O

Housecall B-ORG
was O
off O
7-3/8 O
to O
7-1/8 O
in O
morning O
trading O
. O

The O
Atlanta-based B-MISC
company O
went O
public O
in O
April O
at O
$ O
16 O
a O
share O
. O

Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
had O
expected O
the O
company O
to O
earn O
$ O
0.17 O
a O
share O
in O
its O
fourth O
quarter O
, O
ended O
June O
30 O
, O
according O
to O
First O
Call O
. O

Housecall B-ORG
said O
fourth O
quarter O
earnings O
and O
revenues O
were O
expected O
to O
fall O
short O
of O
expectations O
. O

It O
said O
its O
non-Medicare B-MISC
infusion O
therapy O
, O
hospice O
and O
nursing O
services O
businesses O
failed O
to O
meet O
budgeted O
revenues O
. O

It O
also O
cited O
a O
limitation O
on O
Medicare B-MISC
reimbursement O
for O
some O
services O
provided O
during O
the O
quarter O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

First B-ORG
Alliance I-ORG
net O
income O
slips O
. O

IRVINE B-LOC
, O
Calif. B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

First B-ORG
Alliance I-ORG
Corporation I-ORG
and I-ORG
Subsidiaries I-ORG

Quarter O
ended O
June O
30 O
Six O
Months O
ended O
June O
30 O

1996 O
1995 O
1996 O
1995 O

Unaudited O

Total O
revenue O

17,024,000 O
18,174,000 O
31,834,000 O
24,137,000 O

Total O
expense O

7,718,000 O
6,828,000 O
14,668,000 O
13,091,000 O

Net O
Income O
9,167,000 O
11,175,000 O
16,909,000 O
10,880,000 O

Net O
Income O
Per O

Share O
0.86 O
1.05 O
1.59 O
1.02 O

Weighted O
average O
number O
of O

shares O
outstanding O

10,650,407 O
10,650,407 O
10,650,407 O
10,650,407 O

Pro O
Forma O
: O

Historical O
income O
before O
income O

tax O
provision O

9,306,000 O
11,346,000 O
17,166,000 O
11,046,000 O

Pro O
forma O
income O
tax O

provision O
3,820,000 O
4,658,000 O
7,047,000 O
4,534,000 O

Pro O
forma O
net O

income O
5,486,000 O
6,688,000 O
10,119,000 O
6,512,000 O

Pro O
forma O
net O
income O

per O
share O
0.37 O
0.45 O
0.68 O
0.44 O

Pro O
forma O
weighted O
average O

number O
of O
shares O

outstanding O
14,775,000 O
14,775,000 O
14,775,000 O
14,775,000 O

-DOCSTART- O

Oasis B-ORG
singer O
heads O
for O
U.S. B-LOC
after O
illness O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Liam B-PER
Gallagher I-PER
, O
singer O
of O
Britain B-LOC
's O
top O
rock O
group O
Oasis B-ORG
, O
flew O
out O
on O
Thursday O
to O
join O
the O
band O
three O
days O
after O
the O
start O
of O
its O
U.S. B-LOC
tour O
. O

Gallagher B-PER
made O
his O
usual O
obscene O
gestures O
and O
swore O
at O
journalists O
as O
he O
prepared O
to O
fly O
from O
London B-LOC
's O
Heathrow B-LOC
airport O
to O
Chicago B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
hate O
you O
f... O
ing O
lot O
, O
yet O
you O
're O
always O
asking O
me O
too O
many O
things O
. O

I O
'm O
not O
a O
supermodel O
you O
know O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

On O
Monday O
, O
just O
15 O
minutes O
before O
his O
flight O
was O
due O
to O
depart O
, O
Liam B-PER
decided O
not O
to O
travel O
with O
the O
rest O
of O
the O
group O
, O
which O
includes O
his O
brother O
Noel B-PER
. O

Liam B-PER
caught O
a O
taxi O
back O
to O
London B-LOC
saying O
he O
had O
" O
problems O
at O
home O
" O
. O

He O
was O
believed O
to O
be O
suffering O
from O
laryngitis O
and O
said O
he O
had O
to O
go O
house-hunting O
with O
actress O
girlfriend O
Patsy B-PER
Kensit I-PER
. O

When O
they O
first O
heard O
that O
Liam B-PER
had O
not O
flown O
out O
with O
the O
band O
at O
the O
start O
of O
the O
tour O
, O
many O
U.S. B-LOC
fans O
asked O
for O
refunds O
on O
their O
concert O
tickets O
. O

The O
group O
began O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
tour O
, O
which O
is O
scheduled O
to O
last O
until O
September O
18 O
, O
with O
a O
concert O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
on O
Tuesday O
at O
which O
Noel B-PER
Gallagher I-PER
filled O
in O
for O
his O
brother O
as O
lead O
singer O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Slough B-ORG
Estates I-ORG
helps O
lift O
property O
sector O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
strong O
set O
of O
interim O
results O
and O
an O
upbeat O
outlook O
from O
Slough B-ORG
Estates I-ORG
Plc I-ORG
helped O
to O
boost O
the O
property O
sector O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Shares O
in O
Slough B-ORG
, O
which O
earlier O
announced O
a O
14 O
percent O
rise O
in O
first-half O
pretax O
profit O
to O
37.4 O
million O
stg O
, O
climbed O
nearly O
six O
percent O
, O
or O
14p O
to O
250 O
pence O
at O
1009 O
GMT B-MISC
, O
while O
British B-ORG
Land I-ORG
added O
12-1 O
/ O
2p O
to O
468p O
, O
Land B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
rose O
5-1 O
/ O
2p O
to O
691p O
and O
Hammerson B-ORG
was O
8p O
higher O
at O
390 O
. O

Traders O
said O
positive O
comment O
from O
investment O
banks O
Merrill B-ORG
Lynch I-ORG
and O
SBC B-ORG
Warburg I-ORG
also O
fueled O
the O
gains O
. O

One O
dealer O
said O
positive O
stances O
from O
Merrill B-ORG
Lynch I-ORG
and O
SBC B-ORG
Warburg I-ORG
were O
the O
key O
factors O
behind O
the O
gains O
. O

A O
spokesman O
for O
Merrill B-ORG
Lynch I-ORG
said O
the O
bank O
was O
preparing O
to O
issue O
a O
note O
on O
the O
sector O
. O
" O

We O
have O
been O
very O
positive O
( O
on O
property O
) O
, O
" O
he O
said O
, O
adding O
: O
" O
On O
a O
technical O
basis O
it O
is O
our O
most O
favoured O
sector O
. O
" O

SBC B-ORG
Warburg I-ORG
issued O
an O
update O
on O
the O
property O
sector O
on O
Thursday O
, O
saying O
that O
most O
of O
the O
predictions O
it O
made O
at O
the O
start O
of O
the O
year O
were O
being O
realised O
. O

" O
In O
the O
property O
market O
it O
is O
a O
case O
of O
so O
far O
, O
so O
good O
, O
" O
a O
member O
of O
SBC B-ORG
Warburg I-ORG
's O
property O
team O
said O
. O

SBC B-ORG
Warburg I-ORG
said O
it O
is O
maintaining O
its O
forecast O
for O
five O
percent O
growth O
in O
rental O
incomes O
during O
1996 O
, O
but O
it O
has O
shaved O
its O
forecast O
for O
capital O
growth O
to O
five O
percent O
from O
six O
. O

The O
spokesman O
said O
SBC B-ORG
Warburg I-ORG
has O
also O
put O
an O
" O
add O
" O
recommendation O
on O
Slough B-ORG
Estates I-ORG
' O
shares O
, O
but O
added O
that O
this O
" O
is O
a O
general O
move O
, O
not O
because O
of O
the O
results O
. O
" O

Slough B-ORG
's O
chairman O
Sir O
Nigel B-PER
Mobbs I-PER
added O
to O
the O
bullish O
mood O
in O
the O
sector O
, O
saying O
in O
a O
statement O
that O
" O
with O
the O
prospect O
of O
a O
period O
of O
steady O
economic O
growth O
and O
low O
inflation O
ahead O
, O
there O
is O
good O
reason O
to O
believe O
that O
the O
property O
sector O
should O
continue O
its O
improvement O
. O
" O

-- O
Jonathan B-PER
Birt I-PER
, O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+44 O
171 O
542 O
7717 O

-DOCSTART- O

Canada B-LOC
's O
international O
travel O
account O
gap O
shrinks O
. O

OTTAWA B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Higher O
spending O
by O
foreign O
visitors O
and O
less O
Canadian B-MISC
tourist O
spending O
abroad O
cut O
the O
deficit O
in O
Canada B-LOC
's O
international O
travel O
account O
by O
26.5 O
percent O
in O
the O
second O
quarter O
, O
Statistics B-ORG
Canada I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
deficit O
fell O
to O
a O
seasonally O
adjusted O
C$ B-MISC
715 O
million O
in O
the O
second O
quarter O
from O
C$ B-MISC
973 O
million O
in O
the O
first O
, O
as O
foreigners O
spent O
a O
record O
C$ B-MISC
3.00 O
billion O
seasonally O
adjusted O
while O
Canadians B-MISC
reduced O
their O
spending O
abroad O
by O
5.1 O
percent O
to O
C$ B-MISC
3.72 O
billion O
. O

-- O
Reuters B-ORG
Ottawa I-ORG
Burea I-ORG
( O
613 O
) O
235-6745 O

-DOCSTART- O

Jordanian B-MISC
PM O
Kabariti B-PER
meets O
Arafat B-PER
in O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
. O

RAMALLAH B-LOC
, O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Jordanian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Abdul-Karim B-PER
al-Kabariti I-PER
began O
talks O
with O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
on O
the O
stalled O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
peace O
process O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

Kabariti B-PER
flew O
by O
helicopter O
to O
Palestinian-ruled B-MISC
Ramallah B-LOC
and O
after O
a O
brief O
arrival O
ceremony O
went O
into O
talks O
with O
Arafat B-PER
. O

The O
prime O
minister O
's O
visit O
, O
his O
first O
trip O
outside O
the O
country O
since O
Jordan B-LOC
was O
shaken O
by O
food O
riots O
earlier O
this O
month O
, O
came O
against O
the O
backdrop O
of O
a O
Palestinian B-MISC
general O
strike O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
. O

Arafat B-PER
called O
the O
four-hour O
strike O
, O
which O
ended O
at O
noon O
( O
0900 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
to O
protest O
against O
Israeli B-MISC
policy O
on O
settlements O
and O
Jerusalem B-LOC
. O

Jordan B-LOC
's O
official O
state O
news O
agency O
Petra B-ORG
said O
Kabariti B-PER
would O
hold O
discussions O
" O
on O
the O
latest O
developments O
in O
the O
peace O
process O
and O
bilateral O
cooperation O
" O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Iran B-LOC
says O
five O
spy O
networks O
destroyed O
, O
41 O
held O
. O

TEHRAN B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Iranian B-MISC
security O
forces O
have O
broken O
up O
five O
espionage O
rings O
in O
northwestern O
Iran B-LOC
and O
arrested O
41 O
people O
on O
charges O
of O
spying O
for O
unnamed O
countries O
, O
a O
daily O
newspaper O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Jomhuri B-ORG
Eslami I-ORG
quoted O
the O
West B-LOC
Azerbaijan I-LOC
province O
security O
chief O
as O
saying O
those O
held O
confessed O
to O
gathering O
confidential O
information O
, O
photographing O
strategic O
sites O
, O
doing O
propaganda O
against O
state O
officials O
and O
" O
spreading O
pan-Turkism B-MISC
" O
. O

It O
was O
not O
clear O
if O
they O
were O
the O
same O
five O
spy O
rings O
, O
allegedly O
led O
by O
Turkish B-MISC
diplomats O
, O
that O
Iran B-LOC
said O
in O
April O
it O
had O
broken O
up O
in O
the O
same O
area O
, O
which O
borders O
Turkey B-LOC
. O

The O
April O
arrests O
were O
announced O
shortly O
after O
a O
row O
in O
which O
Tehran B-LOC
asked O
Ankara B-LOC
to O
withdraw O
four O
Turkish B-MISC
diplomats O
accused O
of O
spying O
, O
and O
Turkey B-LOC
expelled O
four O
Iranian B-MISC
diplomats O
for O
their O
alleged O
links O
to O
killings O
of O
Iranian B-MISC
exiles O
. O

Ties O
between O
the O
two O
neighbours O
, O
strained O
also O
over O
a O
military O
accord O
between O
Turkey B-LOC
and O
Israel B-LOC
which O
drew O
strong O
Iranian B-MISC
objections O
, O
have O
improved O
since O
Islamist B-MISC
Necmettin B-PER
Erbakan I-PER
took O
over O
as O
Turkish B-MISC
prime O
minister O
in O
June O
. O

The O
daily O
Iran B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
quoted O
Intelligence O
Minister O
Ali B-PER
Fallahiyan I-PER
as O
saying O
agents O
arrested O
137 O
people O
for O
allegedly O
spying O
for O
Iraq B-LOC
, O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
and O
other O
unnamed O
countries O
in O
the O
Iranian B-MISC
year O
which O
ended O
on O
March O
19 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Mideast B-LOC
Gulf I-LOC
oil O
outlook O
- O
India B-LOC
holds O
the O
key O
. O

DUBAI B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

India B-LOC
will O
continue O
to O
hold O
the O
key O
to O
the O
middle O
distillates O
product O
market O
in O
the O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
Gulf I-LOC
in O
the O
short O
term O
, O
traders O
in O
the O
region O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

They O
said O
premiums O
on O
high O
quality O
jet O
kerosene O
have O
widened O
to O
around O
$ O
1 O
, O
and O
are O
likely O
to O
remain O
strong O
in O
the O
near O
term O
. O

" O
On O
the O
jet O
kerosene O
side O
we O
must O
be O
cautious O
about O
quality O
. O

Some O
are O
commanding O
a O
very O
good O
premium O
of O
95 O
cents O
to O
one O
dollar O
. O

It O
's O
been O
99 O
cents O
to O
Korea B-LOC
. O

This O
will O
stay O
at O
this O
sort O
of O
price O
premium O
for O
a O
while O
, O
" O
one O
said O
. O

" O
But O
for O
normal O
jet O
the O
weakened O
demand O
is O
quite O
noticeable O
, O
the O
premium O
is O
around O
45-50 O
cents O
. O

The O
differential O
is O
not O
normally O
as O
wide O
as O
this O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Another O
put O
the O
premium O
for O
jet O
kerosene O
at O
between O
65 O
and O
75 O
cents O
. O

One O
trader O
said O
despite O
the O
fact O
that O
some O
kerosene O
was O
in O
storage O
at O
Dubai B-LOC
ports O
, O
demand O
looked O
to O
exceed O
supply O
in O
the O
near O
term O
. O

Jet O
kerosene O
was O
assessed O
at O
$ O
27.40 O
- O
$ O
27.70 O
a O
barrel O
fob O
Gulf B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
, O
up O
from O
$ O
27.22 O
last O
week O
. O

Dealers O
expected O
premiums O
to O
stick O
around O
current O
levels O
for O
the O
next O
two O
or O
three O
weeks O
, O
before O
they O
get O
a O
boost O
in O
the O
second O
half O
of O
September O
from O
demand O
for O
October O
cargoes O
. O

Gas O
oil O
, O
assessed O
at O
$ O
24.00 O
- O
$ O
24.20 O
a O
barrel O
fob O
Gulf B-LOC
, O
was O
little O
changed O
on O
Thursday O
from O
last O
week O
's O
$ O
24.10 O
- O
$ O
24.24 O
. O

" O
On O
gas O
oil O
, O
in O
the O
near O
term O
demand O
and O
supply O
are O
balanced O
to O
a O
bit O
short O
, O
there O
are O
some O
enquiries O
into O
east O
Africa B-LOC
and O
short O
covering O
in O
India B-LOC
, O
" O
said O
one O
trader O
. O

" O
The O
Indians B-MISC
have O
awarded O
three O
cargoes O
, O
but O
the O
question O
is O
whether O
they O
will O
come O
out O
for O
more O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

India B-LOC
has O
acquired O
120,000 O
tonnes O
of O
diesel O
in O
three O
cargoes O
, O
bound O
for O
the O
west O
coast O
, O
in O
its O
October O
tender O
. O

Traders O
said O
the O
award O
could O
be O
India B-LOC
's O
lowest O
in O
recent O
years O
. O

" O
After O
IOC B-ORG
's O
very O
small O
purchase O
of O
120,000 O
tonnes O
, O
I O
'm O
still O
suspicious O
that O
they O
will O
buy O
more O
in O
the O
second O
half O
of O
October O
, O
" O
another O
said O
. O

But O
traders O
see O
the O
market O
remaining O
tight O
in O
the O
short-term O
, O
with O
some O
surplus O
arising O
closer O
to O
October O
. O

" O
I O
see O
an O
overhang O
of O
gas O
oil O
further O
out O
, O
" O
one O
said O
. O

" O
Gas O
oil O
will O
remain O
tight O
in O
the O
short O
term O
up O
to O
mid-September O
with O
the O
premium O
of O
around O
$ O
1 O
for O
0.5 O
percent O
( O
sulphur O
material O
) O
. O

In O
the O
second O
half O
of O
September O
and O
October O
we O
see O
the O
premium O
coming O
off O
to O
70-75 O
cents O
. O
" O

Traders O
said O
there O
was O
not O
much O
demand O
for O
one O
percent O
sulphur O
material O
gas O
oil O
, O
with O
the O
premium O
at O
40 O
to O
45 O
cents O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Egypt B-LOC
police O
catch O
ancient O
manuscript O
thieves O
. O

CAIRO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Egyptian B-MISC
police O
have O
arrested O
eight O
people O
who O
were O
trying O
to O
sell O
an O
ancient O
copy O
of O
the O
Old B-MISC
Testament I-MISC
, O
the O
official O
al-Akhbar B-ORG
newspaper O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
daily O
said O
the O
men O
had O
wanted O
to O
sell O
the O
undated O
manuscript O
to O
a O
Jewish B-MISC
group O
for O
five O
million O
pounds O
( O
$ O
1.5 O
million O
) O
. O

Instead O
an O
undercover O
police O
officer O
pretended O
to O
be O
interested O
in O
buying O
it O
and O
arrested O
them O
. O

The O
newspaper O
did O
not O
give O
any O
details O
about O
the O
manuscript O
but O
said O
it O
had O
been O
relinquished O
to O
the O
Islamic B-LOC
Museum I-LOC
in O
Cairo B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

New O
U.S. B-LOC
ambassador O
arrives O
in O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
. O

DUBAI B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Washington B-LOC
's O
new O
ambassador O
to O
Saudi B-LOC
Arabia I-LOC
, O
Wyche O
Fowler B-PER
, O
arrived O
in O
the O
kingdom O
to O
take O
up O
his O
post O
, O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
embassy O
in O
Riyadh B-LOC
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Fowler B-PER
, O
a O
lawyer O
and O
former O
senator O
, O
arrived O
late O
on O
Wednesday O
, O
the O
embassy O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
earlier O
this O
month O
invoked O
special O
powers O
to O
appoint O
Fowler B-PER
during O
the O
congressional O
recess O
because O
the O
Senate B-ORG
delayed O
confirming O
his O
nomination O
. O

Fowler B-PER
's O
predecessor O
Raymond B-PER
Mabus I-PER
returned O
to O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
in O
May O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Jordanian B-MISC
PM O
Kabariti B-PER
leaves O
for O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
. O

AMMAN B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Jordanian B-MISC
Prime O
Minister O
Abdul-Karim B-PER
al-Kabariti I-PER
left O
Amman B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
for O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
town O
of O
Ramallah B-LOC
to O
hold O
talks O
with O
Palestinian B-MISC
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
on O
the O
stalled O
Middle B-LOC
East I-LOC
peace O
process O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

The O
official O
state O
news O
agency O
Petra B-ORG
said O
Kabariti B-PER
would O
hold O
discussions O
" O
on O
the O
latest O
developments O
in O
the O
peace O
process O
and O
bilateral O
cooperation O
" O
. O

The O
visit O
was O
Kabariti B-PER
's O
first O
trip O
outside O
the O
country O
since O
Jordan B-LOC
was O
shaken O
by O
food O
riots O
earlier O
this O
month O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Palestinians B-MISC
end O
four-hour O
strike O
. O

JERUSALEM B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Palestinians B-MISC
reopened O
their O
shops O
on O
Thursday O
at O
the O
end O
of O
a O
four-hour O
strike O
called O
by O
President O
Yasser B-PER
Arafat I-PER
to O
protest O
against O
Israel B-LOC
's O
policy O
on O
Jewish B-MISC
settlements O
and O
Jerusalem B-LOC
, O
witnesses O
said O
. O

Shopkeepers O
in O
Arab B-LOC
East I-LOC
Jerusalem I-LOC
rolled O
up O
their O
shutters O
some O
10 O
minutes O
before O
the O
scheduled O
noon O
( O
0900 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
end O
of O
the O
stoppage O
. O

Palestinian B-MISC
leaders O
called O
the O
strike O
, O
the O
first O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
and O
Gaza B-LOC
since O
1994 O
, O
a O
warning O
signal O
that O
the O
peace O
process O
with O
Israel B-LOC
was O
in O
danger O
. O

Witnesses O
said O
most O
shops O
were O
closed O
in O
towns O
and O
villages O
in O
the O
areas O
, O
with O
the O
exception O
of O
Hebron B-LOC
, O
a O
West B-LOC
Bank I-LOC
city O
still O
under O
Israeli B-MISC
occupation O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

U.S. B-LOC
wheat O
weekly O
export O
sales O
highlights O
- O
USDA B-ORG
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

U.S. B-LOC
wheat O
major O
net O
sales O
activity O
in O
the O
week O
ended O
Aug O
22 O
reported O
by O
exporters O
for O
the O
following O
purchasing O
countries O
, O
in O
tonnes O
: O

Net O
Sales O
: O
1996/97 O
1997/98 O

Egypt B-LOC
199,900 O
Nil O

S. B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
149,100-A O

Japan B-LOC
74,600 O

China B-LOC
55,000-B O

Indonesia B-LOC
55,000-B O

Unknown O
- O
161,600 O

A- O
includes O
54,600 O
tonnes O
changed O
from O
unknown O
. O

B- O
reflects O
55,000 O
tonnes O
changed O
from O
unknown O
. O

Primary O
Export O
Destinations O
: O
Egypt B-LOC
, O
Morocco B-LOC
, O
S. B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
, O
Yemen B-LOC
, O
Pakistan B-LOC
, O
Mexico B-LOC
and O
China B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Keane B-ORG
wins O
contract O
from O
ING B-ORG
units O
. O

BOSTON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Software O
services O
company O
Keane B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
said O
it O
had O
won O
a O
year O
2000 O
compliance O
contract O
from O
Life B-ORG
Insurance I-ORG
Co I-ORG
of I-ORG
Georgia I-ORG
and O
Southland B-ORG
Life I-ORG
Insurance I-ORG
Co I-ORG
, O
both O
part O
of O
The B-LOC
Netherlands I-LOC
' O
ING B-ORG
Group I-ORG
. O

The O
company O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
late O
on O
Wednesday O
it O
would O
conduct O
an O
enterprise O
assessment O
and O
strategic O
compliance O
plan O
for O
preparing O
all O
the O
mainframe O
systems O
of O
Life B-ORG
of I-ORG
Georgia I-ORG
and O
Southland B-ORG
Life I-ORG
to O
operate O
in O
the O
new O
century O
. O

The O
project O
will O
be O
managed O
by O
Keane B-ORG
's O
Atlanta B-LOC
office O
. O

" O
The O
client O
's O
goal O
is O
to O
complete O
its O
year O
2000 O
conversion O
activities O
by O
the O
end O
of O
1997 O
, O
" O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

-- O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
newsroom O
, O
( O
212 O
) O
859-1610 O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Wall B-ORG
Street I-ORG
Journal I-ORG
- O
Aug O
29 O
. O

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
National B-ORG
Basketball I-ORG
Association I-ORG
has O
sued O
America B-ORG
Online I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
, O
alleging O
that O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
' O
No O
1 O
on-line O
service O
is O
delivering O
real-time O
information O
about O
league O
games O
without O
its O
permission O
, O
The B-ORG
Wall I-ORG
Street I-ORG
Journal I-ORG
reported O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
suit O
was O
filed O
on O
Wednesday O
in O
federal O
court O
in O
Manhattan B-LOC
and O
is O
another O
legal O
skirmish O
over O
what O
constitutes O
a O
" O
broadcast O
" O
in O
the O
computer O
age O
. O

The O
suit O
contends O
America B-ORG
Online I-ORG
was O
misappropriating O
NBA B-ORG
property O
by O
providing O
a O
site O
containing O
continually O
updated O
scores O
and O
statistics O
of O
NBA B-ORG
games O
in O
progress O
. O

The O
newspaper O
also O
reported O
: O

* O
Baxter B-ORG
International I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
has O
reached O
an O
agreement O
to O
acquire O
Austria B-LOC
's O
Immuno B-ORG
International I-ORG
AG I-ORG
in O
a O
complex O
deal O
valued O
at O
$ O
715 O
miilion O
. O

* O
Boeing B-ORG
Co I-ORG
secures O
$ O
5.5 O
billion O
in O
orders O
for O
new O
, O
larger O
747s O
. O

* O
President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
is O
expected O
to O
propose O
a O
tax O
break O
on O
home O
sales O
. O

* O
Philip B-ORG
Morris I-ORG
Cos I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
raises O
dividend O
20 O
percent O
. O

* O
Salomon B-ORG
Brothers I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
analyst O
is O
bullish O
on O
International B-ORG
Business I-ORG
Machines I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

* O
Sierra B-ORG
Semiconductor I-ORG
Corp I-ORG
puts O
modem O
chipset O
line O
up O
for O
sale O
and O
sets O
layoffs O
. O

* O
Red B-ORG
Lion I-ORG
Hotels I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
says O
it O
's O
holding O
merger O
talks O
with O
Doubletree B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

* O
GTE B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
, O
Baby B-ORG
Bells I-ORG
and O
their O
allies O
ready O
to O
launch O
challenge O
to O
telecommunications O
reform O
law O
. O

* O
Economists O
see O
second-quarter O
gross O
domestic O
product O
revised O
down O
0.1 O
percentage O
point O
. O

* O
President O
Clinton B-PER
proposes O
five-point O
plan O
to O
clean O
up O
toxic O
waste O
sites O
. O

* O
Securities B-ORG
and I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
acts O
to O
improve O
stock-trade O
prices O
for O
investors O
. O

* O
H&R B-ORG
Block I-ORG
Inc I-ORG
delays O
spinoff O
of O
its O
stake O
in O
CompuServe B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
. O

* O
Stock O
funds O
see O
cash O
pour O
in O
again O
in O
July O
. O

* O
The O
Federal B-ORG
Trade I-ORG
Commission I-ORG
and I-ORG
Justice I-ORG
Department I-ORG
issue O
new O
guidelines O
for O
formation O
of O
doctors O
' O
networks O
. O

-- O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
newsroom O
, O
( O
212 O
) O
859-1610 O

-DOCSTART- O

Baker B-PER
made O
secret O
trip O
to O
Syria B-LOC
in O
March O
1995 O
. O

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Former O
Secretary O
of O
State O
James B-PER
Baker I-PER
made O
a O
secret O
trip O
to O
Syria B-LOC
in O
March O
1995 O
in O
an O
unsuccessful O
bid O
to O
break O
an O
impasse O
in O
negotiations O
between O
Syria B-LOC
and O
Israel B-LOC
, O
the O
Washington B-ORG
Post I-ORG
reported O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
paper O
said O
Baker B-PER
declined O
to O
discuss O
the O
trip O
, O
but O
authorised O
an O
associate O
to O
confirm O
it O
took O
place O
and O
give O
an O
account O
of O
it O
. O

News O
of O
the O
secret O
trip O
came O
after O
Baker B-PER
trashed O
the O
Clinton B-PER
administration O
at O
the O
Republican B-MISC
National I-MISC
Convention I-MISC
two O
weeks O
ago O
for O
its O
efforts O
to O
nudge O
Syria B-LOC
into O
peace O
with O
Israel B-LOC
. O

Baker B-PER
made O
the O
March O
1995 O
trip O
on O
the O
explicit O
understanding O
that O
it O
remain O
a O
secret O
, O
but O
after O
his O
speech O
at O
the O
GOP B-MISC
convention O
, O
Israel B-LOC
's O
outgoing O
ambassador O
Itamar B-PER
Rabinovich I-PER
told O
a O
reporter O
about O
it O
, O
the O
Post B-ORG
said O
. O

Baker B-PER
was O
secretary O
of O
state O
in O
the O
Republican B-MISC
administration O
of O
President O
George B-PER
Bush I-PER
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Clinton B-PER
wins O
Democratic B-MISC
re-nomination O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
was O
formally O
nominated O
on O
Wednesday O
as O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
party O
candidate O
for O
a O
second O
four-year O
term O
in O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
. O

Clinton B-PER
won O
the O
nomination O
in O
a O
traditional O
state-by-state O
roll O
call O
of O
votes O
at O
the O
party O
convention O
and O
will O
accept O
in O
a O
speech O
on O
Thursday O
. O

He O
faces O
Republican B-MISC
challenger O
Bob B-PER
Dole I-PER
in O
the O
November O
5 O
presidential O
election O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Beachcomber O
finds O
piece O
that O
could O
be O
TWA B-ORG
part O
. O

ATLANTIC B-LOC
HIGHLANDS I-LOC
, O
N.J. B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

A O
foot-long O
piece O
of O
debris O
bearing O
markings O
from O
a O
commercial O
aircraft O
was O
found O
on O
the O
New B-LOC
Jersey I-LOC
shore O
and O
forwarded O
to O
TWA B-ORG
crash O
investigators O
in O
Long B-LOC
Island I-LOC
, O
officials O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

A O
person O
walking O
on O
the O
shore O
at O
Island B-LOC
Beach I-LOC
State I-LOC
Park I-LOC
found O
the O
debris O
and O
alerted O
police O
who O
forwarded O
it O
to O
Long B-LOC
Island I-LOC
, O
New B-LOC
York I-LOC
, O
where O
the O
National B-ORG
Transportation I-ORG
Safety I-ORG
Board I-ORG
and O
the O
FBI B-ORG
are O
conducting O
an O
investigation O
. O

The O
TWA B-ORG
jet O
exploded O
in O
a O
deadly O
fireball O
last O
month O
, O
killing O
230 O
people O
, O
crashing O
in O
the O
Atlantic B-LOC
Ocean I-LOC
at O
least O
80 O
miles O
from O
where O
the O
debris O
was O
found O
Wednesday O
. O

Several O
other O
items O
have O
been O
reported O
found O
along O
the O
New B-LOC
Jersey I-LOC
shore O
, O
most O
of O
it O
such O
personal O
items O
as O
wallets O
, O
shoes O
and O
jewelry O
. O

Investigators O
said O
they O
still O
do O
not O
have O
enough O
evidence O
to O
determine O
whether O
a O
bomb O
, O
a O
missile O
or O
mechanical O
failure O
caused O
the O
crash O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

FEATURE O
- O
Rich O
new O
detail O
on O
U.S. B-MISC
Civil I-MISC
War I-MISC
unearthed O
. O

Leila B-PER
Corcoran I-PER

WASHINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
freed O
black O
man O
writes O
to O
his O
still-enslaved O
wife O
, O
a O
mother O
pleads O
with O
Abraham B-PER
Lincoln I-PER
on O
behalf O
of O
her O
son O
and O
a O
maimed O
soldier O
poses O
for O
an O
official O
photograph O
in O
newly O
reopened O
records O
that O
bring O
the O
U.S. B-MISC
Civil I-MISC
War I-MISC
back O
to O
life O
. O

Working O
in O
the O
basement O
of O
the O
National B-ORG
Archives I-ORG
, O
members O
of O
the O
Civil B-ORG
War I-ORG
Conservation I-ORG
Corps I-ORG
are O
organising O
the O
military O
records O
of O
volunteers O
who O
fought O
for O
the O
North B-LOC
so O
that O
they O
can O
be O
preserved O
on O
microfilm O
. O

The O
faded O
documents O
have O
been O
stowed O
away O
in O
the O
Archives B-ORG
since O
it O
opened O
in O
1935 O
and O
have O
rarely O
seen O
the O
light O
of O
day O
. O

Each O
soldier O
's O
file O
is O
a O
gold O
mine O
of O
information O
: O
enlistment O
papers O
, O
muster O
rolls O
, O
medical O
records O
, O
discharge O
certificates O
, O
letters O
and O
photographs O
. O

Since O
the O
project O
began O
almost O
two O
years O
ago O
, O
corps O
volunteers O
have O
focused O
on O
African B-MISC
American I-MISC
troops O
, O
preparing O
records O
in O
time O
for O
the O
unveiling O
in O
Washington B-LOC
this O
year O
of O
a O
special O
memorial O
to O
black O
soldiers O
who O
fought O
in O
the O
war O
. O

More O
than O
185,000 O
black O
soldiers O
fought O
and O
37,000 O
died O
. O

In O
one O
letter O
, O
a O
black O
soldier O
heading O
South B-LOC
wrote O
his O
wife O
, O
" O
though O
great O
is O
the O
present O
national O
difficulties O
yet O
I O
look O
forward O
to O
a O
brighter O
day O
when O
I O
shall O
have O
the O
oportunity O
of O
seeing O
you O
in O
the O
full O
enjoyment O
of O
freedom O
. O

" O
I O
would O
like O
to O
no O
( O
sic O
) O
if O
you O
are O
still O
in O
slavery O
if O
you O
are O
, O
it O
will O
not O
be O
long O
before O
we O
shall O
have O
crushed O
the O
system O
that O
now O
oppreses O
you O
for O
in O
the O
course O
of O
three O
months O
you O
shall O
have O
your O
liberty O
. O

Great O
is O
the O
outpouring O
of O
the O
coloured O
people O
that O
is O
now O
rallying O
with O
the O
heart O
of O
lions O
against O
the O
very O
curse O
that O
has O
separated O
you O
and O
me O
. O
" O

In O
another O
letter O
dated O
January O
1865 O
, O
a O
well-to-do O
Washington B-LOC
matron O
wrote O
to O
Lincoln B-PER
to O
plead O
for O
her O
son O
, O
who O
faced O
a O
dishonourable O
discharge O
from O
the O
Army B-ORG
. O
" O

James B-PER
is O
a O
prisoner O
for O
a O
thoughtless O
act O
of O
folly O
, O
while O
those O
who O
have O
done O
nothing O
for O
the O
cause O
are O
free O
, O
" O
she O
wrote O
. O

Lincoln B-PER
's O
notation O
on O
the O
letter O
read O
: O
" O
If O
his O
colonel O
will O
say O
in O
writing O
on O
this O
sheet O
he O
is O
willing O
to O
receive O
this O
man O
back O
to O
the O
regiment O
, O
I O
will O
pardon O
and O
send O
him O
. O
" O

The O
soldier O
was O
subsequently O
pardoned O
. O

While O
the O
letters O
speak O
to O
the O
anguish O
of O
separation O
, O
a O
photograph O
of O
a O
black O
amputee O
speaks O
to O
the O
terrible O
physical O
cost O
of O
the O
war O
. O

In O
a O
picture O
required O
for O
his O
military O
discharge O
, O
Pvt O
. O

Lewis B-PER
Martin I-PER
, O
with O
haunted O
eyes O
, O
posed O
bare-chested O
to O
reveal O
his O
missing O
arm O
and O
leg O
, O
blown O
off O
during O
a O
battle O
at O
Petersburg B-LOC
, O
Virginia B-LOC
, O
in O
July O
1864 O
. O

The O
work O
on O
black O
troops O
has O
provided O
new O
insight O
into O
the O
rhythms O
of O
plantation O
talk O
and O
culture O
, O
said O
John B-PER
Simon I-PER
, O
professor O
of O
history O
at O
Southern B-ORG
Illinois I-ORG
University I-ORG
at I-ORG
Carbondale I-ORG
and O
editor O
of O
Gen O
. O

Ulysses B-PER
Grant I-PER
's O
papers O
. O

" O
These O
( O
writings O
) O
are O
not O
only O
poetic O
but O
a O
linguistic O
treasure O
trove O
. O

This O
is O
the O
first O
generation O
of O
African B-MISC
Americans I-MISC
that O
really O
can O
express O
itself O
without O
fear O
and O
punishment O
, O
" O
Simon B-PER
said O
. O

" O
I O
think O
there O
's O
probably O
a O
whole O
lot O
of O
material O
that O
would O
expand O
our O
understanding O
of O
the O
sociology O
of O
the O
war O
, O
" O
said O
Edward B-PER
Smith I-PER
, O
director O
of O
American B-ORG
Studies I-ORG
at O
American B-ORG
University I-ORG
in O
Washington B-LOC
. O

The O
war O
between O
the O
North B-LOC
and O
South B-LOC
raged O
for O
nearly O
four O
years O
, O
claimed O
the O
lives O
of O
half O
a O
million O
Americans B-MISC
and O
forever O
seared O
the O
nation O
's O
consciousness O
. O

Southern B-MISC
records O
have O
already O
been O
preserved O
. O

They O
were O
put O
on O
microfilm O
about O
30 O
years O
ago O
through O
a O
grant O
from O
the O
United B-ORG
Daughters I-ORG
of I-ORG
the I-ORG
Confederacy I-ORG
. O

The O
Civil B-ORG
War I-ORG
Conservation I-ORG
Corps I-ORG
is O
mostly O
retirees O
joined O
by O
students O
during O
the O
school O
year O
. O

Director O
Budge B-PER
Weidman I-PER
, O
who O
has O
shepherded O
the O
project O
from O
the O
beginning O
, O
predicts O
it O
will O
take O
up O
to O
a O
decade O
to O
complete O
. O

The O
work O
was O
inspired O
by O
a O
National B-ORG
Park I-ORG
Service I-ORG
plan O
to O
put O
computer O
databases O
at O
Civil B-MISC
War I-MISC
battlefields O
across O
the O
country O
so O
that O
Americans B-MISC
might O
research O
their O
ancestors O
. O

The O
records O
also O
provide O
insight O
into O
medical O
thinking O
of O
the O
day O
. O

One O
soldier O
was O
discharged O
because O
of O
" O
mental O
incapacity O
and O
inebetude O
( O
sic O
) O
of O
the O
brain O
, O
alleged O
by O
the O
Patient O
to O
be O
connected O
with O
a O
fall O
on O
the O
head O
but O
believed O
to O
arise O
from O
long O
continued O
and O
excessive O
masturbation O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

Clinton B-PER
arrives O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
on O
day O
of O
re-nomination O
. O

CHICAGO B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

President O
Bill B-PER
Clinton I-PER
arrived O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
as O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
convention O
prepared O
to O
re-nominate O
him O
for O
a O
second O
four-year O
term O
. O

Clinton B-PER
flew O
in O
by O
helicopter O
from O
Michigan B-LOC
City I-LOC
, O
Indiana B-LOC
, O
after O
ending O
a O
four-day O
, O
559-mile O
trip O
aboard O
a O
campaign O
train O
from O
Washington B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

New O
bomb O
attacks O
on O
Corsica B-LOC
despite O
crackdown O
vow O
. O

Sylvie B-PER
Florence I-PER

AJACCIO B-LOC
, O
Corsica B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Separatist O
guerrillas O
planted O
two O
bombs O
overnight O
at O
government O
offices O
on O
the O
French B-MISC
Mediterranean B-MISC
island O
of O
Corsica B-LOC
despite O
fresh O
warnings O
of O
a O
crackdown O
by O
Paris B-LOC
, O
police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

In O
the O
latest O
in O
a O
wave O
of O
attacks O
, O
a O
two O
kg O
( O
four O
lb O
) O
bomb O
seriously O
damaged O
two O
floors O
of O
Agriculture B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
offices O
located O
just O
50 O
metres O
( O
yards O
) O
from O
a O
police O
station O
in O
the O
centre O
of O
the O
island O
capital O
Ajaccio B-ORG
. O

No O
one O
was O
hurt O
. O

A O
second O
device O
, O
packed O
with O
five O
kg O
( O
10 O
lbs O
) O
of O
explosive O
, O
was O
defused O
before O
it O
could O
go O
off O
, O
police O
said O
. O

The O
new O
attacks O
followed O
by O
a O
day O
a O
warning O
of O
a O
new O
" O
get-tough O
" O
policy O
by O
Paris B-LOC
toward O
the O
separatists O
, O
who O
seek O
greater O
autonomy O
. O

Interior O
Minister O
Jean-Louis B-PER
Debre I-PER
, O
under O
fire O
for O
staging O
secret O
talks O
with O
one O
of O
the O
largest O
of O
several O
rival O
underground O
nationalist O
groups O
, O
told O
the O
daily O
La B-ORG
Corse I-ORG
in O
a O
statement O
he O
had O
given O
" O
firm O
orders O
" O
to O
police O
to O
round O
up O
those O
responsible O
for O
the O
bombings O
and O
bring O
them O
to O
justice O
. O

Judges O
on O
the O
island O
had O
accused O
Paris B-LOC
of O
taking O
a O
lax O
stance O
on O
guerrilla O
violence O
while O
conducting O
secret O
but O
widely-reported O
talks O
with O
separatists O
which O
have O
now O
failed O
. O

The O
latest O
bombing O
, O
close O
on O
the O
heels O
of O
the O
new O
orders O
, O
brought O
charges O
that O
police O
were O
powerless O
. O

" O
No O
searches O
, O
no O
arrests O
, O
no O
police O
reinforcements O
visible O
on O
the O
island O
, O
despite O
the O
ministry O
's O
promises O
, O
" O
the O
daily O
France-Soir B-ORG
lamented O
. O

" O
On O
the O
island O
, O
as O
at O
the O
Place B-LOC
Beauvau I-LOC
( O
the O
Interior B-ORG
Ministry I-ORG
's O
Paris B-LOC
address O
) O
, O
people O
are O
well O
aware O
who O
is O
who O
and O
who O
is O
doing O
what O
. O

It O
is O
time O
to O
end O
this O
nightly O
farce O
, O
" O
said O
the O
pro-government O
daily O
Le B-ORG
Figaro I-ORG
in O
an O
editorial O
. O

No O
one O
immediately O
claimed O
responsibility O
for O
Thursday O
's O
incidents O
, O
which O
brought O
to O
23 O
the O
number O
of O
guerrilla O
attacks O
on O
the O
resort O
island O
since O
mid-August O
, O
when O
separatist O
guerrillas O
ended O
a O
shaky O
seven-month O
truce O
. O

Corsica B-LOC
has O
been O
racked O
by O
low-level O
separatist-inspired O
violence O
, O
principally O
directed O
against O
government O
targets O
, O
for O
two O
decades O
. O

The O
daily O
Le B-ORG
Monde I-ORG
reported O
on O
Wednesday O
some O
separatist O
movements O
were O
considering O
taking O
their O
attacks O
to O
the O
French B-MISC
mainland O
on O
the O
principle O
that O
" O
300 O
grammes O
of O
explosives O
on O
the O
continent O
have O
more O
impact O
than O
300 O
kilos O
in O
Corsica B-LOC
" O
. O

The O
newspaper O
said O
separatists O
may O
take O
advantage O
of O
social O
unrest O
widely O
expected O
on O
the O
mainland O
in O
coming O
weeks O
over O
government O
austerity O
plans O
to O
stoke O
a O
popular O
backlash O
against O
the O
government O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Sweden B-LOC
's O
OM B-ORG
to O
open O
London B-LOC
forest O
products O
bourse O
. O

STOCKHOLM B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Swedish B-MISC
options O
and O
derivatives O
exchange O
OM B-ORG
Gruppen I-ORG
AB I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
would O
open O
an O
electronic O
bourse O
for O
forest O
industry O
products O
in O
London B-LOC
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
1997 O
. O

" O
Together O
with O
subsidiaries O
OMLX B-ORG
, O
the O
London B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
& I-ORG
Derivatives I-ORG
Exchange I-ORG
and O
OM B-ORG
Stockholm I-ORG
, O
OM B-ORG
Gruppen I-ORG
will O
open O
an O
international O
electronic O
bourse O
for O
forest O
products O
in O
the O
first O
half O
of O
1997 O
, O
" O
OM B-ORG
Gruppen I-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
. O

The O
first O
commodity O
to O
be O
traded O
on O
the O
PULPEX B-ORG
bourse O
will O
be O
pulp O
, O
but O
OM B-ORG
said O
trade O
would O
be O
extended O
to O
include O
products O
such O
as O
timber O
, O
recycled O
paper O
and O
other O
paper O
qualities O
. O

" O
Through O
the O
establishment O
of O
PULPEX B-ORG
, O
London B-LOC
will O
have O
a O
commodities O
bourse O
for O
forest O
products O
which O
complements O
existing O
bourses O
for O
oil O
, O
metals O
and O
' O
softs O
' O
( O
coffee O
, O
sugar O
and O
cocoa O
) O
, O
" O
OM B-ORG
said O
. O

PULPEX B-ORG
was O
the O
result O
of O
a O
three-year O
project O
run O
in O
cooperation O
between O
OM B-ORG
and O
representatives O
of O
the O
forest O
industry O
, O
the O
company O
said O
. O

Huge O
swings O
in O
the O
price O
of O
pulp O
over O
the O
past O
few O
years O
have O
made O
pulp O
producers O
' O
profitability O
unpredictable O
, O
and O
made O
investing O
in O
new O
production O
capacity O
a O
risky O
business O
. O

" O
Without O
the O
ability O
to O
hedge O
prices O
, O
changes O
in O
the O
world O
market O
price O
for O
pulp O
has O
had O
an O
immediate O
impact O
on O
players O
' O
profitability O
, O
" O
OM B-ORG
said O
. O

It O
said O
global O
production O
of O
pulp O
amounted O
to O
around O
200 O
million O
tonnes O
per O
year O
, O
of O
which O
around O
20 O
percent O
or O
40 O
million O
tonnes O
was O
sold O
on O
the O
spot O
market O
. O

At O
current O
prices O
, O
the O
value O
of O
this O
production O
was O
around O
$ O
25 O
billion O
. O

PULPEX B-ORG
will O
be O
both O
a O
marketplace O
and O
a O
clearing O
house O
, O
OM B-ORG
said O
, O
adding O
that O
the O
British B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
and I-ORG
Investments I-ORG
Board I-ORG
had O
been O
informed O
of O
OM B-ORG
's O
plans O
. O

PULPEX B-ORG
's O
clearing O
operation O
will O
be O
covered O
by O
the O
parent O
company O
guarantee O
issued O
by O
OM B-ORG
Gruppen I-ORG
to O
its O
wholly-owned O
bourses O
and O
clearing O
organisations O
. O

-- O
Stockholm B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+46-8-700 O
1006 O

-DOCSTART- O

Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp B-LOC
oil O
stock O
levels O
fall O
. O

AMSTERDAM B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Oil O
product O
inventories O
held O
in O
independent O
tankage O
in O
the O
Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp B-LOC
area O
were O
at O
the O
following O
levels O
, O
with O
week-ago O
and O
year-ago O
levels O
, O
industry O
sources O
said O
. O

All O
figures O
in O
thousands O
of O
tonnes O
: O

29/8/96 O
22/8/96 O
1/9/95 O

Gasoline O
400 O
400-425 O
425 O

Naphtha O
50-75 O
75-100 O
50-75 O

Gas O
oil O
1,600 O
1,650 O
1,850-1,900 O

Fuel O
oil O
325 O
325-350 O
425 O

Jet O
kero O
15 O
15-20 O
25 O

Motor O
gasoline O
stocks O
dipped O
slightly O
as O
barges O
left O
for O
Germany B-LOC
, O
but O
there O
were O
few O
inflows O
of O
cargoes O
. O

Naphtha O
inventories O
also O
dropped O
as O
Germany B-LOC
again O
took O
barges O
and O
no O
cargoes O
entered O
ARA O
. O

Gas O
oil O
stocks O
fell O
with O
some O
cargoes O
arriving O
from O
the O
former O
Soviet B-LOC
Union I-LOC
, O
but O
very O
fast O
throughput O
to O
markets O
in O
Benelux B-LOC
, O
Germany B-LOC
and O
Switzerland B-LOC
. O

Fuel O
oil O
inventories O
dipped O
slightly O
with O
some O
straight-run O
arrivals O
, O
but O
fair O
bunkering O
demand O
removing O
more O
material O
. O

Jet O
fuel O
stocks O
lowered O
as O
the O
aviation O
sector O
bought O
. O

-- O
Philip B-PER
Blenkinsop I-PER
, O
Amsterdam B-LOC
newsroom O
31 O
20 O
504 O
5000 O

-DOCSTART- O

German B-MISC
anti-nuclear O
activists O
in O
pantomime O
protest O
. O

BONN B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

About O
200 O
German B-MISC
anti-nuclear O
activists O
protested O
on O
Thursday O
against O
nuclear O
waste O
transportation O
by O
re-enacting O
scenes O
from O
a O
demonstration O
they O
staged O
in O
May O
that O
turned O
into O
a O
violent O
clash O
with O
police O
. O

Activists O
dressed O
as O
police O
brandished O
batons O
and O
firing O
a O
theatre-prop O
water O
cannon O
at O
" O
demonstrators O
" O
. O

Police O
who O
had O
turned O
out O
in O
force O
all O
around O
the O
government O
quarter O
fearing O
violence O
looked O
on O
in O
amusement O
. O

Last O
May O
dozens O
of O
demonstrators O
and O
police O
were O
injured O
in O
violent O
clashes O
around O
the O
Gorleben B-LOC
nuclear O
waste O
depot O
as O
hundreds O
of O
protesters O
tried O
to O
block O
a O
delivery O
of O
waste O
by O
train O
and O
truck O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Italy B-LOC
police O
arrest O
five O
over O
double O
Mafia O
killing O
. O

CATANIA B-LOC
, O
Sicily B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Italian B-MISC
Police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
they O
had O
arrested O
five O
people O
in O
connection O
with O
the O
slaying O
of O
the O
daughter O
and O
14-year-old O
nephew O
of O
a O
Mafia O
boss O
earlier O
this O
week O
. O

Santa B-PER
Puglisi I-PER
, O
22 O
, O
and O
Salvatore B-PER
Botta I-PER
were O
gunned O
down O
in O
a O
cemetery O
in O
this O
eastern O
Sicilian B-MISC
city O
on O
Tuesday O
in O
a O
crime O
which O
shocked O
even O
hardened O
anti-Mafia O
investigators O
. O

The O
arrests O
followed O
a O
tip-off O
from O
a O
married O
couple O
who O
unexpectedly O
showed O
up O
at O
investigators O
' O
offices O
on O
Wednesday O
. O
" O

They O
wanted O
to O
get O
a O
weight O
off O
their O
consciences O
, O
" O
a O
police O
spokesman O
said O
. O

He O
added O
the O
couple O
had O
also O
shed O
light O
on O
the O
murder O
last O
year O
of O
the O
wife O
of O
Mafia O
boss O
Nitto B-PER
Santapaola I-PER
. O

Puglisi B-PER
was O
shot O
as O
she O
knelt O
praying O
by O
the O
tomb O
of O
her O
young O
husband O
, O
who O
was O
himself O
killed O
last O
year O
in O
a O
Mafia O
ambush O
. O

Botta B-PER
, O
who O
had O
accompanied O
Puglisi B-PER
to O
the O
cemetary O
, O
tried O
to O
flee O
the O
lone O
gunman O
but O
was O
caught O
and O
killed O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Thieves O
make O
off O
with O
cash O
from O
prison O
canteen O
. O

LIMERICK B-LOC
, O
Ireland B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Thieves O
stole O
almost O
2,000 O
Irish B-MISC
pounds O
( O
$ O
3,000 O
) O
from O
the O
officers O
' O
canteen O
of O
a O
Limerick B-LOC
jail O
on O
Thursday O
while O
warders O
slept O
in O
a O
room O
upstairs O
. O

Police O
said O
the O
thieves O
intercepted O
a O
woman O
arriving O
to O
work O
at O
the O
canteen O
, O
forced O
her O
to O
open O
the O
safe O
where O
takings O
were O
kept O
and O
made O
off O
with O
the O
cash O
. O

While O
the O
robbery O
was O
going O
on O
, O
several O
officers O
were O
asleep O
in O
a O
room O
over O
the O
canteen O
, O
which O
is O
in O
the O
grounds O
of O
the O
prison O
on O
Ireland B-LOC
's O
southwest O
coast O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Italians B-MISC
hold O
HIV-pensioner B-MISC
for O
harassing O
hookers O
. O

GENOA B-LOC
, O
Italy B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Italian B-MISC
police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
they O
had O
arrested O
a O
61-year-old O
man O
after O
he O
fired O
blank O
shots O
at O
prostitutes O
he O
blamed O
for O
spreading O
AIDS B-MISC
. O

The O
pensioner O
, O
named O
only O
as O
Pietro B-PER
T. I-PER
, O
told O
investigators O
he O
was O
infected O
with O
HIV B-MISC
, O
the O
AIDS B-MISC
virus O
, O
and O
his O
wife O
had O
died O
of O
the O
disease O
. O

He O
did O
not O
say O
how O
they O
had O
contracted O
the O
illness O
. O

Police O
said O
the O
man O
had O
recently O
been O
spotted O
cruising O
red-light O
areas O
in O
this O
northern O
Italian B-MISC
city O
, O
hurling O
abuse O
at O
prostitutes O
and O
firing O
blank O
shots O
at O
them O
. O

Police O
said O
they O
found O
in O
his O
apartment O
two O
fake O
guns O
and O
a O
pistol O
that O
would O
only O
fire O
blanks O
. O
" O

Although O
fake O
guns O
are O
legal O
, O
the O
use O
he O
made O
of O
them O
means O
he O
could O
be O
tried O
, O
" O
a O
police O
official O
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Bodies O
found O
at O
site O
of O
Russian B-MISC
jet O
crash O
- O
officials O
. O

OSLO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Bodies O
have O
been O
sighted O
but O
no O
survivors O
have O
yet O
been O
found O
at O
the O
site O
of O
Thursday O
's O
crash O
of O
a O
Russian B-MISC
airliner O
on O
Norway B-LOC
's O
remote O
Arctic B-MISC
island O
of O
Spitzbergen B-LOC
, O
Norwegian B-MISC
officials O
said O
. O

" O
We O
have O
found O
dead O
people O
, O
" O
said O
Rune B-PER
Hansen I-PER
, O
the O
island O
's O
deputy O
governor O
, O
told O
Norwegian B-MISC
television O
. O

The O
Norwegian B-MISC
news O
agency O
NTB B-ORG
quoted O
another O
official O
on O
the O
island O
as O
saying O
no O
survivors O
had O
been O
found O
. O

The O
Vnukovo B-ORG
Airlines I-ORG
Tupolev B-MISC
154 I-MISC
flight O
from O
Moscow B-LOC
, O
carrying O
129 O
passengers O
and O
a O
crew O
of O
12 O
, O
crashed O
in O
bad O
weather O
10 O
km O
( O
six O
miles O
) O
east O
of O
Longyearbyen B-LOC
, O
the O
island O
's O
only O
airstrip O
, O
officials O
said O
. O

First O
rescuers O
arrived O
shortly O
after O
1 O
p.m. O
( O
1100 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
and O
reported O
soon O
afterwards O
that O
most O
of O
the O
three-engine O
jet O
's O
wreckage O
was O
scattered O
around O
the O
top O
of O
the O
small O
Opera B-LOC
mountain O
while O
the O
rest O
had O
slid O
down O
the O
mountainside O
. O

Air O
traffic O
officials O
said O
they O
had O
lost O
contact O
with O
the O
flight O
, O
scheduled O
to O
arrive O
at O
around O
10.15 O
a.m. O
( O
0815 O
GMT B-MISC
) O
, O
shortly O
before O
it O
was O
due O
to O
land O
. O

Spitzbergen B-LOC
is O
a O
Norwegian B-MISC
coal-mining O
settlement O
. O

The O
only O
other O
community O
is O
in O
the O
Russian B-MISC
village O
of O
Barentsburg B-LOC
. O

Russia B-LOC
and O
Norway B-LOC
share O
the O
island O
's O
resources O
under O
a O
treaty O
dating O
back O
to O
the O
1920s O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Galeforce O
winds O
and O
heavy O
rains O
batter O
Belgium B-LOC
. O

BRUSSELS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Torrential O
rains O
and O
galeforce O
winds O
battered O
Belgium B-LOC
on O
Thursday O
causing O
widespread O
damage O
as O
some O
areas O
had O
more O
rainfall O
in O
24 O
hours O
than O
they O
normally O
get O
in O
a O
month O
, O
the O
meteorological O
office O
said O
. O

Cellars O
were O
flooded O
, O
trees O
uprooted O
and O
roofs O
damaged O
, O
but O
there O
were O
no O
reports O
of O
any O
injuries O
, O
an O
interior O
affairs O
ministry O
spokesman O
said O
. O

Some O
trains O
were O
delayed O
as O
fallen O
trees O
blocked O
lines O
. O

Brussels B-LOC
received O
5.6 O
cm O
( O
2.24 O
inches O
) O
of O
water O
in O
the O
past O
24 O
hours O
-- O
compared O
to O
an O
average O
7.4 O
cm O
( O
2.96 O
inches O
) O
per O
month O
-- O
but O
in O
several O
communes O
in O
the O
south O
of O
the O
country O
up O
to O
8 O
cm O
( O
3.2 O
inches O
) O
fell O
, O
the O
Royal B-ORG
Meteorological I-ORG
Institute I-ORG
( O
RMT B-ORG
) O
said O
. O

The O
RMT B-ORG
spokesman O
said O
that O
near O
the O
eastern O
city O
of O
Turnhout B-LOC
, O
a O
group O
of O
boy O
scouts O
camping O
in O
a O
low-lying O
meadow O
had O
to O
be O
evacuated O
as O
water O
flooded O
their O
tents O
. O

The O
rain O
also O
severely O
hindered O
Belgian B-MISC
investigators O
' O
excavations O
in O
the O
southern O
village O
of O
Jumet B-LOC
, O
where O
they O
are O
looking O
for O
bodies O
in O
one O
of O
the O
houses O
of O
the O
main O
character O
in O
a O
paedophile O
sex-and-murder O
scandal O
. O

But O
the O
coastal O
towns O
got O
off O
lightly O
as O
the O
flooding O
that O
had O
been O
expected O
due O
to O
a O
combination O
of O
spring O
tides O
and O
high O
winds O
failed O
to O
materialise O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Repsol B-ORG
shares O
up O
65 O
pesetas O
on O
H1 O
results O
. O

MADRID B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Shares O
in O
Spanish B-MISC
oil O
and O
chemicals O
group O
Repsol B-ORG
were O
up O
65 O
pesetas O
to O
4,150 O
after O
the O
company O
announced O
net O
first O
half O
profits O
fell O
1.1 O
percent O
to O
61.45 O
billion O
pesetas O
on O
the O
previous O
year O
. O

This O
was O
close O
to O
the O
market O
's O
forecast O
of O
net O
profits O
of O
61.94 O
billion O
. O

Shares O
in O
Repsol B-ORG
shot O
up O
100 O
pesetas O
to O
4,175 O
shortly O
after O
the O
figures O
, O
having O
traded O
down O
10 O
pesetas O
before O
the O
figures O
were O
released O
. O

" O
It O
's O
madness O
, O
" O
said O
an O
analyst O
at O
a O
Madrid B-LOC
brokerage O
, O
adding O
that O
the O
market O
had O
overreacted O
to O
the O
news O
. O
" O

People O
were O
waiting O
for O
the O
results O
to O
come O
out O
before O
buying O
. O

The O
rise O
has O
been O
very O
quick O
and O
very O
crazy O
. O
" O

He O
predicted O
a O
correction O
, O
perhaps O
as O
early O
as O
this O
session O
. O

-- O
Madrid B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+34 O
1 O
585 O
2161 O

-DOCSTART- O

Algeria B-LOC
forces O
kill O
guerrillas O
- O
papers O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Algerian B-MISC
security O
forces O
killed O
four O
Moslem B-MISC
guerrillas O
on O
Tuesday O
in O
a O
village O
south O
of O
the O
capital O
Algiers B-LOC
, O
an O
Algerian B-MISC
newspaper O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
armed O
militants O
were O
shot O
dead O
in O
Nahar B-LOC
village O
90 O
km O
( O
56 O
miles O
) O
south O
of O
Algiers B-LOC
, O
Liberte B-ORG
newspaper O
said O
. O

Security O
forces O
also O
killed O
an O
unspecified O
number O
of O
members O
of O
a O
rebel O
gang O
on O
Wednesday O
in O
the O
Leveilly B-LOC
suburb O
of O
Algiers B-LOC
, O
Le B-ORG
Matin I-ORG
newspaper O
reported O
. O

An O
estimated O
50,000 O
people O
, O
mostly O
Moslem B-MISC
militants O
and O
security O
forces O
members O
, O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
violence O
pitting O
Moslem B-MISC
guerrillas O
against O
government O
forces O
since O
early O
1992 O
, O
when O
authorities O
cancelled O
a O
general O
election O
in O
which O
Islamists B-MISC
had O
taken O
a O
commanding O
lead O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Finns B-MISC
hold O
two O
men O
on O
child O
sex-abuse O
charges O
. O

HELSINKI B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Finnish B-MISC
police O
said O
on O
Thursday O
they O
had O
arrested O
two O
men O
suspected O
of O
sexually O
abusing O
a O
captive O
13-year-old O
girl O
, O
but O
did O
not O
believe O
the O
case O
was O
linked O
to O
others O
in O
Europe B-LOC
. O

The O
men O
, O
both O
Finns B-MISC
aged O
about O
40 O
, O
were O
arrested O
last O
Saturday O
in O
the O
western O
town O
of O
Tampere B-LOC
in O
a O
raid O
on O
a O
luxury O
boat O
owned O
by O
one O
of O
them O
. O

The O
girl O
was O
being O
held O
on O
the O
boat O
and O
had O
sought O
help O
from O
a O
passer-by O
, O
police O
chief O
inspector O
Ilkka B-PER
Laasonen I-PER
said O
. O

" O
This O
is O
an O
individual O
case O
and O
I O
do O
n't O
have O
any O
evidence O
linking O
the O
suspects O
to O
any O
other O
cases O
, O
" O
Laasonen B-PER
said O
. O

The O
girl O
was O
taken O
to O
hospital O
. O

The O
men O
could O
face O
charges O
carrying O
up O
to O
six O
to O
10 O
years O
in O
prison O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Witnesses O
had O
reported O
seeing O
many O
young O
women O
and O
some O
girls O
who O
looked O
clearly O
underage O
at O
parties O
around O
the O
boat O
in O
recent O
weeks O
, O
the O
daily O
newspaper O
Iltalehti B-ORG
said O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Audi B-ORG
CEO O
says O
expects O
no O
96 O
currency O
impact O
. O

INGOLSTADT B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Audi B-ORG
AG I-ORG
management O
board O
chairman O
Herbert B-PER
Demel I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
that O
the O
German B-MISC
luxury O
carmaker O
, O
a O
unit O
of O
Volkswagen B-ORG
AG I-ORG
, O
did O
not O
expect O
any O
burden O
on O
its O
1996 O
results O
from O
currency O
market O
volatility O
. O

" O
We O
do O
not O
expect O
any O
burden O
on O
our O
1996 O
results O
from O
currency O
markets O
, O
" O
Demel B-PER
told O
Reuters B-ORG
in O
an O
interview O
. O

Audi B-ORG
would O
have O
been O
able O
to O
report O
a O
profit O
300 O
million O
marks O
higher O
in O
1995 O
if O
exchange O
rates O
had O
stayed O
the O
same O
as O
in O
1994 O
, O
Demel B-PER
had O
told O
a O
shareholder O
meeting O
last O
April O
. O

Demel B-PER
said O
the O
carmaker O
had O
hedged O
about O
half O
of O
its O
currency O
risk O
for O
1996 O
. O

-- O
John B-PER
Gilardi I-PER
, O
Frankfurt B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+49 O
69 O
756525 O

-DOCSTART- O

KEKKILA B-ORG
SEES O
FULL-YR O
1996 O
PROFIT O
VS O
LOSS O
. O

HELSINKI B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Fertilisers O
and O
saplings O
maker O
Kekkila B-ORG
Oy I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
in O
a O
statement O
it O
expected O
a O
falling O
result O
trend O
in O
the O
latter O
half O
of O
the O
year O
, O
but O
a O
full-year O
profit O
was O
nevertheless O
likely O
. O

" O
Due O
to O
natural O
seasonal O
fluctuations O
in O
operations O
, O
the O
end-year O
result O
trend O
will O
be O
falling O
, O
but O
based O
on O
the O
early O
year O
result O
trend O
a O
profitable O
result O
is O
likely O
to O
be O
achieved O
, O
" O
Kekkila B-ORG
said O
in O
its O
January-June O
interim O
report O
. O

In O
1995 O
, O
Kekkila B-ORG
reported O
a O
5.6 O
million O
markka O
loss O
before O
extraordinary O
items O
and O
tax O
. O

In O
the O
first O
half O
, O
Kekkila B-ORG
posted O
a O
6.1 O
million O
markka O
profit O
, O
up O
from O
0.7 O
million O
. O

-- O
Helsinki B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
+358 O
- O
0 O
- O
680 O
50 O
245 O

-DOCSTART- O

INTERVIEW-T&N B-MISC
untroubled O
by O
margin O
pressure O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
chairman O
of O
British-based B-MISC
components O
and O
engineering O
group O
T&N B-ORG
Plc I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
the O
firm O
remained O
confident O
about O
the O
general O
prospects O
for O
its O
operating O
margins O
despite O
pressure O
from O
unsettled O
markets O
. O

In O
an O
interview O
following O
its O
first-half O
results O
, O
which O
included O
a O
less O
optimistic O
forecast O
for O
the O
second O
half O
of O
this O
year O
than O
it O
had O
made O
in O
the O
past O
, O
Sir O
Colin B-PER
Hope I-PER
said O
T&N B-ORG
had O
taken O
defensive O
action O
to O
protect O
it O
from O
patchy O
markets O
. O

Looking O
at O
market O
prospects O
, O
he O
said O
: O
" O
I O
think O
our O
best O
judgment O
at O
this O
stage O
is O
that O
it O
will O
probably O
bumble O
along O
in O
the O
rather O
mixed O
way O
it O
's O
been O
in O
the O
first O
half O
. O
" O

" O
It O
's O
very O
difficult O
to O
predict O
the O
market O
( O
trend O
) O
this O
year O
. O

It O
could O
be O
better O
, O
or O
it O
could O
be O
worse O
, O
" O
Hope B-PER
added O
, O
echoing O
the O
demand O
uncertainty O
across O
automotive O
industries O
. O

" O
You O
can O
see O
anxieties O
in O
Germany B-LOC
and O
France B-LOC
, O
in O
particular O
, O
beginning O
to O
grow O
and O
develop O
. O

America B-LOC
, O
however O
, O
is O
looking O
a O
little O
better O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

Compared O
with O
the O
end O
of O
last O
year O
, O
when O
T&N B-ORG
predicted O
a O
sluggish O
first O
half O
and O
a O
rebound O
later O
in O
1996 O
, O
Hope B-PER
said O
: O
" O
I O
think O
the O
difference O
( O
now O
) O
is O
the O
first O
half O
has O
not O
actually O
been O
as O
bad O
as O
some O
felt O
it O
was O
going O
to O
be O
, O
but O
equally O
we O
're O
certainly O
not O
predicting O
a O
recovery O
in O
the O
second O
half O
. O
" O

Against O
this O
background O
, O
Hope B-PER
said O
the O
group O
was O
glad O
it O
had O
rationalised O
and O
destocked O
even O
though O
this O
had O
pressed O
margins O
, O
which O
had O
slipped O
to O
9.5 O
percent O
from O
11.3 O
percent O
a O
year O
ago O
. O

" O
I O
think O
the O
figure O
of O
9.5 O
percent O
on O
the O
first O
half O
, O
when O
you O
consider O
the O
fact O
that O
we O
've O
been O
destocking O
, O
the O
fairly O
mixed O
customer O
demand O
, O
and O
the O
fact O
that O
we O
sold O
the O
( O
southern O
African B-MISC
) O
mines O
actually O
is O
not O
bad O
. O

" O
It O
does O
show O
how O
easily O
we O
should O
be O
able O
to O
bounce O
back O
over O
10 O
percent O
again O
, O
" O
he O
added O
, O
saying O
: O
" O
We O
continue O
to O
feel O
very O
relaxed O
about O
our O
general O
view O
that O
we O
would O
average O
10 O
percent O
profit O
margins O
over O
the O
cycle O
. O
" O

" O
We O
've O
always O
taken O
the O
view O
that O
we O
are O
the O
sort O
of O
company O
that O
's O
quite O
capable O
of O
working O
in O
difficult O
circumstances O
-- O
we O
're O
rather O
used O
to O
it O
. O

And O
we O
feel O
very O
confident O
that O
we O
're O
doing O
all O
the O
right O
things O
, O
" O
Hope B-PER
said O
. O

" O
When O
the O
( O
profit O
) O
figures O
will O
bounce O
back O
up O
again O
is O
just O
a O
function O
of O
markets O
recovering O
just O
a O
fraction O
, O
" O
he O
added O
. O

Commenting O
on O
the O
continued O
struggle O
to O
get O
control O
of O
German B-MISC
piston O
maker O
Kolbenschmidt B-ORG
, O
which O
has O
been O
hampered O
by O
regulatory O
obstacles O
, O
Hope B-PER
said O
T&N B-ORG
's O
confidence O
" O
continues O
to O
improve O
" O
that O
it O
may O
eventually O
be O
able O
to O
proceed O
. O

-- O
Andrew B-PER
Huddart I-PER
, O
London B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
, O
+44 O
171 O
542 O
8716 O

-DOCSTART- O

Earthquake O
jolts O
New B-MISC
Zealands I-MISC
South B-LOC
Island I-LOC
. O

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

An O
earthquake O
measuring O
5.5 O
on O
the O
Richter B-PER
scale O
shook O
New B-MISC
Zealands I-MISC
upper O
South B-LOC
Island I-LOC
on O
Thursday O
but O
there O
were O
no O
reports O
of O
injuries O
, O
Television B-ORG
New I-ORG
Zealand I-ORG
said O
. O

It O
said O
the O
quake O
, O
centred O
near O
the O
small O
town O
of O
Waiau B-LOC
, O
was O
strongly O
felt O
in O
the O
cities O
of O
Nelson B-LOC
and O
Christchurch B-LOC
. O

Some O
minor O
damage O
had O
been O
reported O
in O
the O
spa O
town O
of O
Hanmer B-LOC
. O

New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
is O
prone O
to O
frequent O
earthquakes O
but O
they O
rarely O
cause O
major O
damage O
. O

The O
country O
has O
only O
3.5 O
million O
people O
in O
an O
area O
about O
the O
size O
of O
Britain B-LOC
or O
Japan B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
's O
Tsang B-PER
sees O
growth O
, O
smooth O
transition O
. O

Mark B-PER
Trevelyan I-PER

WELLINGTON B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
Financial O
Secretary O
Donald B-PER
Tsang I-PER
said O
on O
Thursday O
he O
expected O
the O
territory O
's O
economy O
to O
keep O
growing O
at O
around O
five O
percent O
but O
with O
some O
fluctuations O
from O
year O
to O
year O
. O

Tsang B-PER
, O
who O
made O
the O
remarks O
during O
a O
visit O
to O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
, O
also O
spoke O
strongly O
in O
favour O
of O
keeping O
the O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
dollar O
pegged O
to O
its O
U.S. B-LOC
counterpart O
, O
and O
said O
negotiations O
with O
China B-LOC
on O
next O
year O
's O
budget O
were O
going O
smoothly O
. O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
's O
economy O
grew O
by O
only O
3.1 O
percent O
in O
the O
first O
quarter O
, O
down O
from O
5.9 O
percent O
a O
year O
earlier O
, O
and O
some O
private O
sector O
economists O
have O
revised O
downwards O
their O
predictions O
for O
the O
1996 O
year O
. O

Second O
quarter O
growth O
estimates O
will O
be O
released O
when O
the O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
government O
issues O
its O
half-yearly O
economic O
report O
on O
Friday O
. O

" O
Our O
trend O
growth O
rate O
of O
five O
percent O
in O
real O
terms O
is O
pretty O
solid O
, O
" O
Tsang B-PER
told O
a O
news O
conference O
after O
meeting O
New B-LOC
Zealand I-LOC
Finance O
Minister O
Bill B-PER
Birch I-PER
. O

" O
There O
will O
be O
fluctuations O
in O
individual O
years O
, O
but O
it O
wo O
n't O
be O
a O
big O
margin O
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

He O
said O
inflation O
was O
under O
control O
and O
the O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
dollar O
was O
" O
rock O
solid O
" O
. O

Its O
link O
to O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
dollar O
had O
proved O
an O
engine O
of O
growth O
for O
the O
past O
12 O
years O
. O

" O
There O
's O
absolutely O
no O
economic O
or O
financial O
or O
political O
reason O
for O
us O
to O
change O
. O

A O
lot O
of O
investment O
in O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
, O
some O
of O
which O
( O
is O
) O
by O
China B-LOC
, O
is O
predicated O
on O
the O
link O
continuing O
. O
" O

Britain B-LOC
will O
hand O
over O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
to O
Chinese B-MISC
sovereignty O
at O
midnight O
on O
June O
30 O
, O
1997 O
. O

Tsang B-PER
said O
three O
sets O
of O
meetings O
with O
Chinese B-MISC
authorities O
on O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
's O
1997-98 O
budget O
, O
which O
will O
span O
the O
transition O
period O
, O
had O
gone O
smoothly O
. O
" O

None O
of O
our O
basic O
precepts O
have O
been O
challenged O
. O
" O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
will O
retain O
its O
own O
currency O
after O
the O
handover O
, O
run O
its O
own O
financial O
and O
monetary O
policy O
and O
have O
control O
over O
its O
own O
foreign O
exchange O
reserves O
. O

It O
will O
have O
no O
duty O
to O
contribute O
any O
taxes O
to O
Beijing B-LOC
, O
Tsang B-PER
said O
. O

He O
described O
the O
condition O
of O
the O
property O
market O
as O
" O
very O
good O
indeed O
" O
. O

" O
You O
know O
, O
we O
went O
through O
a O
little O
climb O
and O
a O
little O
trough O
over O
the O
last O
few O
years O
. O

Because O
of O
speculation O
in O
the O
market O
we O
introduced O
certain O
measures O
, O
but O
they O
are O
not O
draconian O
measures O
, O
and O
we O
brought O
it O
down O
to O
earth O
. O
" O

Tsang B-PER
said O
the O
market O
would O
continue O
to O
appreciate O
because O
property O
and O
land O
were O
scarce O
. O

The O
government O
would O
put O
land O
on O
the O
market O
to O
stop O
rentals O
" O
going O
through O
the O
roof O
" O
, O
but O
this O
would O
mean O
reclamation O
, O
with O
possible O
environmental O
problems O
. O

" O
There O
will O
be O
on O
the O
whole O
a O
slightly O
upward O
climb O
, O
consistent O
with O
our O
economic O
growth O
rate O
, O
" O
he O
said O
in O
reference O
to O
the O
property O
market O
. O

Tsang B-PER
, O
the O
third O
senior O
figure O
in O
the O
government O
after O
the O
governor O
and O
chief O
secretary O
, O
said O
his O
stated O
aim O
was O
to O
serve O
as O
financial O
secretary O
for O
two O
years O
under O
British B-MISC
rule O
and O
three O
years O
under O
China B-LOC
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Taiwan B-LOC
dollar O
ends O
higher O
, O
narrow O
trade O
seen O
. O

TAIPEI B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

The O
Taiwan B-LOC
dollar O
closed O
slightly O
firmer O
on O
Thursday O
amid O
tight O
Taiwan B-LOC
dollar O
liquidity O
in O
the O
banking O
system O
, O
and O
dealers O
said O
the O
rate O
was O
likely O
to O
move O
narrowly O
in O
the O
near O
term O
. O

The O
Taiwan B-LOC
dollar O
fell O
in O
early O
trade O
on O
month-end O
U.S. B-LOC
dollar O
demand O
, O
but O
the O
downtrend O
was O
later O
reversed O
as O
Taiwan B-LOC
dollar O
liquidity O
tightened O
. O
" O

Banks O
do O
not O
want O
to O
hold O
big O
U.S. B-LOC
dollar O
positions O
at O
this O
moment O
, O
" O
said O
one O
dealer O
, O
adding O
that O
the O
rate O
was O
likely O
to O
hover O
around O
current O
levels O
. O

The O
rate O
closed O
at O
T$ B-MISC
27.482 O
against O
Wednesday O
's O
T$ B-MISC
27.495 O
. O

Turnover O
was O
US$ B-MISC
275 O
million O
. O

-- O
Joyce B-PER
Liu I-PER
( O
2-5080815 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

SIMEX B-MISC
Nikkei I-MISC
ends O
down O
but O
off O
lows O
. O

SINGAPORE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Simex B-MISC
Nikkei I-MISC
futures O
ended O
easier O
but O
off O
the O
day O
's O
lows O
on O
Thursday O
. O

Dealers O
said O
selling O
in O
the O
session O
was O
a O
follow-through O
from O
Wednesday O
's O
gloomy O
Tankan B-ORG
corporate O
report O
by O
the O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Japan I-ORG
. O

" O
The O
Nikkei B-MISC
is O
testing O
support O
at O
the O
20,500 O
level O
. O

Sentiment O
is O
a O
bit O
gloomy O
because O
people O
are O
focusing O
on O
the O
weak O
recovery O
in O
the O
economy O
at O
the O
moment O
, O
" O
said O
a O
dealer O
with O
a O
European B-MISC
bank O
. O

September O
Nikkei B-MISC
settled O
at O
20,605 O
after O
touching O
an O
intraday O
low O
of O
20,530 O
against O
its O
previous O
close O
of O
20,725 O
. O

Volume O
was O
19,560 O
contracts O
. O

Dealers O
said O
technically O
, O
the O
index O
should O
see O
good O
support O
at O
20,300 O
and O
the O
upside O
should O
be O
capped O
at O
21,000 O
. O

-- O
Doreen B-PER
Siow I-PER
65-8703092 O

-DOCSTART- O

Siam B-ORG
Commercial I-ORG
wins O
agency O
bond O
auctions O
. O

BANGKOK B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

A O
consortium O
led O
by O
Thailand B-LOC
's O
Siam B-ORG
Commercial I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
Plc I-ORG
has O
secured O
at O
auction O
the O
right O
to O
sell O
two O
state O
agency O
bond O
issues O
worth O
a O
combined O
3.73 O
billion O
baht O
, O
an O
official O
at O
the O
bank O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

The O
Government B-ORG
Housing I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
will O
issue O
bonds O
worth O
three O
billion O
baht O
and O
the O
metropolitan O
Waterworks B-ORG
Authority I-ORG
will O
issue O
bonds O
worth O
730 O
million O
, O
an O
investment O
banker O
at O
Siam B-ORG
Commercial I-ORG
Bank I-ORG
told O
Reuters B-ORG
. O

The O
consortium O
, O
made O
up O
of O
eight O
financial O
institutions O
, O
offered O
an O
annual O
interest O
rate O
of O
8.46 O
percent O
for O
both O
issues O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Both O
state O
agency O
bonds O
will O
have O
seven-year O
maturity O
and O
will O
be O
issued O
on O
September O
5 O
, O
he O
said O
. O

-- O
Bangkok B-LOC
newsroom O
( O
662 O
) O
652-0642 O

-DOCSTART- O

M'bishi B-ORG
Gas I-ORG
sets O
terms O
on O
7-year O
straight O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

BORROWER O
- O
Mitsubishi B-ORG
Gas I-ORG
Chemical I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG

LEAD O
MGR O
- O
Nomura B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG

FISCAL O
AGENT O
- O
Tokyo-Mitsubishi B-ORG
Bank I-ORG

TYPE O
straight O
bond O
ISSUE O
NO O
13 O
AMT O
10 O
bln O
yen O

COUPON O
2.95 O
% O
ISS O
PRICE O
MATURITY O
5 O
. O

Sep.03 O

LAST O
MOODY B-ORG
'S I-ORG
PAY O
DATE O
5 O
. O

Sep.96 O

FIRST O
INT O
PAY O
5 O
. O

Mar.97 O
INT O
PAY O
5 O
. O

Mar O
/ O
Sep O

LAST O
S&P B-ORG
SIGN O
DATE O
SUB O
DATE O
5 O
. O

Jul-18.Jul O

LAST O
JCR O
LAST O
JBRI O
A O
LAST O
NIS O

-DOCSTART- O

S. B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
Daewoo B-ORG
, O
Dacom B-ORG
units O
in O
Polish B-MISC
telecom O
JV O
. O

SEOUL B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

South B-LOC
Korea I-LOC
's O
Daewoo B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
, O
unlisted O
Daewoo B-ORG
Information I-ORG
Systems I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
, O
Dacom B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
and O
Dacom B-ORG
International I-ORG
have O
set O
up O
a O
joint O
venture O
to O
offer O
telecommunications O
services O
in O
Poland B-LOC
. O

Daewoo B-ORG
Dacom I-ORG
Communications I-ORG
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O
Ltd B-ORG
, O
which O
was O
set O
up O
with O
an O
initial O
investment O
of O
$ O
1.0 O
million O
, O
is O
expected O
to O
have O
sales O
of O
$ O
60 O
million O
by O
the O
year O
2000 O
, O
a O
Daewoo B-ORG
statement O
said O
on O
Thursday O
.. O

Daewoo B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
will O
take O
a O
31 O
percent O
stake O
in O
the O
venture O
, O
Dacom B-ORG
International I-ORG
25 O
percent O
, O
Dacom B-ORG
24 O
percent O
, O
and O
Daewoo B-ORG
Information I-ORG
20 O
percent O
, O
the O
statement O
said O
. O

Daewoo B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
and O
Daewoo B-ORG
Information I-ORG
are O
units O
of O
Daewoo B-ORG
Group I-ORG
. O

-- O
Seoul B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
( O
822 O
) O
727 O
5644 O

-DOCSTART- O

Salomon B-ORG
& I-ORG
Taylor I-ORG
- O
96/97 O
div O
forecast O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Year O
to O
March O
31 O
, O
1997 O

( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

LATEST O
ACTUAL O

( O
Parent O
) O
FORECAST O
YEAR-AGO O

Ord O
div O
10.00 O
yen O
8.00 O
yen O

- O
Commem O
div O
- O
2.00 O
yen O

NOTE O
- O
Salomon B-ORG
& I-ORG
Taylor I-ORG
Made I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
manufactures O
golf O
clubs O
and O
sells O
ski O
equipment O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Indonesia B-LOC
plays O
down O
U.S. B-LOC
consulate O
attack O
. O

JAKARTA B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Indonesia B-LOC
sought O
on O
Thursday O
to O
play O
down O
a O
fire O
bomb O
attack O
on O
a O
U.S. B-LOC
consulate O
earlier O
this O
week O
, O
saying O
it O
was O
being O
treated O
as O
a O
criminal O
rather O
than O
a O
political O
act O
, O
the O
official O
Antara B-LOC
news O
agency O
said O
. O

The O
police O
are O
still O
investigating O
the O
incident O
. O

It O
is O
evident O
the O
happening O
is O
not O
politically O
motivated O
but O
just O
an O
ordinary O
criminal O
act O
, O
the O
news O
agency O
quoted O
East B-MISC
Java I-MISC
military O
commander O
Major-General O
Utomo B-PER
as O
saying O
. O

The O
Tuesday O
morning O
attack O
on O
the O
consulate O
in O
Indonesias B-MISC
second O
largest O
city O
of O
Surabaya B-LOC
, O
caused O
slight O
damage O
to O
a O
guard O
house O
before O
being O
quickly O
extinguished O
, O
a O
spokesman O
at O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
embassy O
in O
Jakarta B-LOC
, O
700 O
km O
( O
430 O
miles O
) O
west O
of O
Surabaya B-LOC
, O
said O
on O
Wednesday O
. O

No O
one O
was O
injures O
, O
he O
said O
. O

Nobody O
should O
try O
and O
exaggerate O
it O
by O
calling O
it O
a O
bomb O
because O
it O
was O
just O
a O
molotov O
cocktail O
, O
Utomo B-PER
said O
. O

He O
said O
police O
were O
investigating O
the O
incident O
and O
patrols O
around O
diplomatic O
offices O
in O
Surabaya B-LOC
would O
be O
stepped O
up O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Airport B-ORG
Facilities I-ORG
- O
6mth O
parent O
forecast O
. O

TOKYO B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Six O
months O
to O
September O
30 O
, O
1996 O

( O
in O
billions O
of O
yen O
unless O
specified O
) O

LATEST O
PREVIOUS O
ACTUAL O

( O
Parent O
) O
FORECAST O
FORECAST O
YEAR-AGO O

Sales O
11.38 O
11.38 O
11.45 O

Current O
1.09 O
1.09 O
918 O
million O

Net O
934 O
million O
490 O
million O
538 O
million O

NOTE O
- O
Airport B-ORG
Facilities I-ORG
Co I-ORG
Ltd I-ORG
manages O
and O
rents O
facilities O
at O
Haneda B-LOC
( O
Tokyo B-LOC
) O
and O
Itami B-LOC
( O
Osaka B-LOC
) O
airports O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

HK B-LOC
civil O
servants O
contest O
ban O
on O
China B-LOC
panel O
. O

HONG B-LOC
KONG I-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Senior O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
civil O
servants O
were O
given O
the O
go-ahead O
on O
Thursday O
to O
challenge O
a O
government O
ban O
on O
them O
standing O
for O
the O
Beijing-backed B-MISC
panel O
to O
choose O
the O
territory O
's O
first O
post-handover O
leader O
and O
lawmakers O
. O

The O
Supreme B-ORG
Court I-ORG
ruled O
that O
a O
judicial O
hearing O
contesting O
the O
ban O
would O
be O
heard O
on O
September O
11 O
, O
three O
days O
before O
the O
nomination O
period O
for O
the O
Selection B-ORG
Committee I-ORG
closes O
. O

The O
government O
maintains O
the O
ban O
, O
announced O
earlier O
this O
month O
, O
is O
necessary O
to O
avoid O
a O
possible O
conflict O
of O
interest O
because O
civil O
servants O
are O
involved O
in O
determining O
government O
policy O
. O

Civil O
servants O
argue O
the O
ban O
stymies O
their O
political O
rights O
. O

The O
400-strong O
Selection B-ORG
Committee I-ORG
will O
select O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
's O
future O
chief O
executive O
to O
replace O
the O
British B-MISC
governor O
and O
a O
provisional O
legislature O
to O
take O
over O
from O
the O
elected O
chamber O
which O
Beijing B-LOC
plans O
to O
dissolve O
. O

Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
, O
a O
British B-MISC
colony O
for O
more O
than O
150 O
years O
, O
will O
be O
handed O
back O
to O
China B-LOC
at O
midnight O
on O
June O
30 O
next O
year O
. O

China B-LOC
intends O
to O
dismantle O
the O
territory O
's O
first O
fully-elected O
legislature O
because O
it O
opposes O
Britain B-LOC
's O
recent O
electoral O
reforms O
and O
install O
an O
interim O
appointed O
chamber O
, O
a O
decision O
that O
has O
generated O
considerable O
controversy O
. O

The O
judicial O
review O
sought O
by O
directorate-grade O
bureaucrats O
will O
apply O
to O
only O
about O
1,000 O
of O
the O
approximately O
33,000 O
civil O
servants O
affected O
. O

Police O
unions O
are O
not O
contesting O
the O
ban O
, O
which O
affects O
all O
27,000 O
officers O
, O
and O
nor O
are O
the O
very O
top O
tier O
of O
Hong B-LOC
Kong I-LOC
's O
mandarin O
class O
, O
the O
policy O
secretaries O
. O

More O
than O
16,000 O
application O
forms O
for O
places O
on O
the O
Selection B-ORG
Committee I-ORG
have O
been O
handed O
out O
since O
the O
nomination O
period O
opened O
. O

It O
closes O
on O
September O
14 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Singapore B-ORG
Refining I-ORG
Company I-ORG
expected O
to O
shut O
CDU B-ORG
3 I-ORG
. O

SINGAPORE B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Singapore B-ORG
Refining I-ORG
Company I-ORG
( O
SRC B-ORG
) O
is O
expected O
to O
shutdown O
its O
60,000 O
barrel-per-day O
( O
bpd O
) O
crude O
distillation O
unit O
( O
CDU B-ORG
) O
in O
September O
, O
an O
industry O
source O
said O
on O
Thursday O
. O

" O
They O
think O
something O
is O
stuck O
, O
" O
the O
source O
said O
. O
" O

But O
nothing O
has O
been O
decided O
as O
they O
are O
still O
waiting O
for O
an O
X-ray O
machine O
to O
determine O
the O
problem O
. O
" O

The O
source O
said O
the O
problem O
was O
discovered O
during O
the O
past O
month O
during O
which O
time O
CDU B-ORG
No.3 I-ORG
's O
production O
has O
varied O
from O
maximum O
capacity O
of O
60,000 O
bpd O
to O
as O
low O
as O
40,000 O
bpd O
, O
depending O
on O
the O
crude O
being O
run O
. O

" O
We O
are O
having O
a O
lot O
of O
problems O
, O
" O
said O
a O
source O
. O

An O
earlier O
problem O
with O
CDU B-ORG
No I-ORG
. I-ORG

3 B-ORG
arose O
on O
July O
24 O
when O
an O
industry O
source O
said O
the O
CDU B-ORG
would O
be O
closed O
down O
briefly O
in O
August O
for O
repairs O
to O
a O
heat O
exchanger O
. O

But O
by O
mid-August O
, O
a O
company O
spokesman O
said O
repairs O
had O
been O
carried O
out O
without O
any O
shutdown O
. O

The O
285,000 O
bpd O
SRC B-ORG
refinery O
is O
co-owned O
by O
the O
Singapore B-ORG
Petroleum I-ORG
Company I-ORG
, O
British B-ORG
Petrolem I-ORG
and O
Caltex B-ORG
, O
the O
joint-venture O
of O
U.S. B-LOC
majors O
Chevron B-ORG
Corp I-ORG
and O
Texaco B-ORG
Inc I-ORG
. O

-- O
Singapore B-ORG
Newsroom I-ORG
( O
+65-8703086 O
) O

-DOCSTART- O

Loxley B-ORG
H1 O
net O
rises O
to O
332.66 O
mln O
baht O
. O

BANGKOK B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Reviewed O
financial O
results O
for O
the O
first O
six O
months O
ended O
June O
30 O
, O
1996 O
. O

( O
in O
millions O
of O
baht O
unless O
stated O
) O

Six O
months O

1996 O
1995 O

Shr O
( O
baht O
) O
8.32 O
vs O
6.66 O

Net O
332.66 O
vs O
266.37 O

NOTES O
: O
Second O
quarter O
figures O
not O
available O
. O

Full O
name O
of O
company O
is O
Loxley B-ORG
Publications I-ORG
Plc I-ORG
. O

-- O
Bangkok B-LOC
newsroom O
662-252-9950 O

-DOCSTART- O

INDICATORS O
- O
Spain B-LOC
- O
updated O
August O
29 O
. O

INDICATORS O
- O
monthly O
MTH O
/ O
MTH O
PVS O
YR-AGO O
INDEX O
TOTAL O

CPI O
( O
% O
) O
Jul O
+0.1 O
- O
0.1 O
+0.0 O
119.3** O
- O

Yr O
/ O
yr O
Inflation O
( O
% O
) O
+3.7 O
+3.6 O
+4.7 O
119.3 O
- O

Core O
Inflation O
+0.1 O
+0,2 O
+0,2 O
- O
- O

Yr O
/ O
yr O
rise O
+3.5 O
+3.6 O
+5.2 O
- O
- O

JOBLESS O
( O
INEM O
) O
Jul O
- O
63,913 O
- O
33,149 O
- O
65,345 O
- O
2.17M O

Rate O
( O
% O
) O
13.67 O
14.15 O
15.19 O
- O
- O

BALANCE O
OF O
PAYMENTS O

Trade O
( O
bln O
pts O
) O
May O
- O
196.8 O
- O
180.6 O
- O
279.9 O
- O
- O

Cur O
Acc O
( O
bln O
pts O
) O
May O
- O
9.5 O
- O
42.0 O
- O
110.4 O
- O
- O

RESERVES O
( O
$ O
MLN O
) O
Jul O
+1,161 O
+400.9 O
+310.4 O
- O
54,703.0 O

PRODUCER O
PRICES O
( O
% O
) O
Jun O
- O
0.2 O
+0.1 O
+0.2 O
119.6** O
- O

Yr O
/ O
yr O
rise O
( O
% O
) O
+1.2 O
+1.5 O
+7.1 O
119.6 O
- O

INDUSTRIAL O
PROD O
. O

May O
- O
- O
- O
- O
- O

Yr O
/ O
yr O
figures O
( O
% O
) O
- O
3.2 O
+1.0 O
+9.8 O
108.4** O
- O

M4 O
MONEY O
SUPPLY O
( O
% O
) O
Jul O
+2.6 O
+4.2R O
+10.8 O
- O
- O

Total O
M4 O
adj O
. O

( O
trln O
pts O
) O
- O
- O
- O
- O
75.912 O

TRADE O
BALANCE O

Exports O
( O
bln O
pts O
) O
Jun O
1,100.7 O
1,164.1 O
988.2 O
- O
- O

Imports O
( O
bln O
pts O
) O
May O
1,315.7 O
1,433.4 O
1,236.5 O
- O
- O

Deficit O
/ O
surplus O
May O
- O
215.0 O
- O
269.3 O
- O
248.3 O
- O
- O

Deficit O
yr O
to O
date O
- O
1,334.0 O
- O
1,119.0 O
- O
1,420.9 O
- O
- O

GOVT.BUDGET O
( O
bln O
pts O
) O
Govt.Fcast O
96 O

Deficit O
/ O
surplus O
Jul O
+282.1 O
- O
380.6 O
+230.4 O
- O

Def O
. O

/ O
surplus O
to O
date O
- O
1,184.0 O
- O
1,466.1 O
- O
1,456.7 O
- O
2.6 O
trln O

INDICATORS O
- O
quarterly O
QUARTER O
PVS O
QTR O
YR-AGO O
- O
- O

EPA O
Q2 O
+168,130 O
+31,230 O
+167,330 O
12.3 O
million O

GDP O

Yr-yr O
( O
% O
) O
Q1 O
+1.9 O
+2.3R O
+3.4 O
- O
- O

Absolute O
amount O
( O
trln O
pts O
) O
18.1 O
17.8 O
16.9 O
- O
69.7 O

INTEREST O
RATES O
Latest O
rate O
Pvs O
rate O
Date O
changed O

Key O
rate O
( O
% O
) O
7.25 O
7.50 O
04/06/96 O

NOTES O
- O
Bank B-ORG
of I-ORG
Spain I-ORG
announces O
balance O
of O
payments O
. O

Jobless O
figures O
are O
registered O
unemployed O
at O
labour O
ministry O
. O

Trade O
data O
are O
customs-cleared O
, O
published O
by O
economy O
ministry O
. O

Latest O
M4 O
, O
currency O
reserves O
, O
industrial O
production O
data O
are O
provisional O
. O

GDP O
figures O
are O
quarterly O
on O
annualised O
basis O
. O

EPA B-ORG
- O
Quarterly O
survey O
of O
employment O
levels O
( O
INE O
) O
. O

Data O
give O
variation O
in O
employed O
persons O
, O
in O
thousands O
. O

Last O
column O
- O
TOTAL- O
is O
latest O
for O
jobless O
and O
accumulated O
for O
the O
rest O
( O
GDP O
total O
amount O
corresponds O
to O
1995 O
) O
. O

Government O
budget O
figures O
relate O
to O
central O
government O
finances O
only O
. O

**General B-MISC
Consumer I-MISC
Price I-MISC
Index I-MISC
( O
100=1992 O
) O
, O
Producer B-MISC
Prices I-MISC
Index I-MISC
and O
Industrial B-MISC
Production I-MISC
Index I-MISC
( O
100=1990 O
) O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

PRESS O
DIGEST O
- O
Spain B-LOC
- O
Aug O
29 O
. O

Headlines O
from O
major O
national O
newspapers O
. O

Reuters B-ORG
has O
not O
verified O
these O
stories O
and O
does O
not O
vouch O
for O
their O
accuracy O
. O

EL B-ORG
PAIS I-ORG

- O
Judge O
accuses O
government O
of O
obstructing O
investigation O
into O
Lasa-Zabala B-PER
( O
two O
of O
GAL B-ORG
victims O
) O
case O

EL B-ORG
MUNDO I-ORG

- O
Government O
wants O
to O
charge O
for O
prescriptions O
and O
some O
medical O
services O

DIARIO B-ORG
16 I-ORG

- O
Judge O
Javier B-PER
Gomez I-PER
de I-PER
Liano I-PER
says O
government O
is O
obstructing O
justice O

ABC B-ORG

- O
Prime O
Minister O
Jose B-PER
Maria I-PER
Aznar I-PER
, O
positive O
assessment O

CINCO B-ORG
DIAS I-ORG

- O
BCH B-ORG
in O
the O
hive O
of O
Chilean B-MISC
pensions O

EXPANSION B-ORG

- O
Coopers B-ORG
and I-ORG
Lybrand I-ORG
emigrates O
to O
Basque B-LOC
Country I-LOC
for O
fiscal O
reasons O

GACETA B-ORG
DE I-ORG
LOS I-ORG
NEGOCIOS I-ORG

- O
Government O
and O
Catalan B-MISC
nationalists O
set O
the O
scene O
for O
budget O
negotiations O

-DOCSTART- O

Lenzing B-ORG
expects O
negative O
results O
in O
H2 O
. O

VIENNA B-LOC
1996-08-29 O

Austrian B-MISC
viscose O
fibre O
maker O
Lenzing B-ORG
AG I-ORG
said O
on O
Thursday O
it O
expected O
to O
post O
negative O
group O
results O
in O
the O
second O
half O
of O
the O
year O
after O
posting O
losses O
in O
the O
first O
six O
months O
. O

" O
A O
preview O
of O
the O
second O
half O
of O
1996 O
does O
not O
reveal O
any O
signs O
of O
a O
significant O
improvement O
in O
market O
conditions O
, O
" O
Lenzing B-ORG
said O
in O
a O
statement O
released O
ahead O
of O
its O
earnings O
conference O
. O

For O
the O
first O
six O
months O
of O
the O
year O
, O
Lenzing B-ORG
said O
it O
posted O
a O
group O
pre-tax O
loss O
of O
84.5 O
million O
schillings O
from O
a O
profit O
of O
160 O
million O
in O
the O
year-ago O
period O
. O

The O
group O
attributed O
the O
first-half O
losses O
to O
weak O
demand O
and O
falling O
prices O
of O
viscose O
fibres O
, O
as O
well O
as O
sluggish O
economies O
in O
the O
West B-LOC
. O

-- O
Julia B-PER
Ferguson I-PER
, O
Vienna B-LOC
newsroom O
, O
+431 O
53112 O
274 O

-DOCSTART- O

Algeria B-LOC
faults O
Britain B-LOC
over O
Islamists B-MISC
gathering O
. O

PARIS B-LOC
1996-08-28 O

Algeria B-LOC
, O
fighting O
a O
vicious O
war O
against O
Moslem B-MISC
fundamentalist O
guerrillas O
, O
attacked O
Britain B-LOC
on O
Wednesday O
for O
allowing O
Islamist B-MISC
groups O
to O
meet O
in O
London B-LOC
. O

The O
Islamist B-MISC
gathering O
, O
due O
to O
be O
held O
in O
London B-LOC
on O
September O
8 O
, O
has O
triggered O
concern O
and O
anger O
in O
several O
other O
Arab B-MISC
countries O
like O
Egypt B-LOC
which O
is O
also O
fighting O
armed O
Moslem B-MISC
fundamentalists O
. O

British B-MISC
Jewish I-MISC
groups O
have O
also O
voiced O
protest O
because O
they O
said O
Palestinian B-MISC
Islamist I-MISC
Hamas B-ORG
as O
well O
as O
the O
banned O
Algerian B-MISC
Islamic B-ORG
Salvation I-ORG
Front I-ORG
( O
FIS B-ORG
) O
are O
among O
those O
radical O
Islamists B-MISC
attending O
the O
conference O
. O

A O
foreign O
ministry O
spokesman O
said O
in O
a O
statement O
read O
on O
Algerian B-MISC
television O
that O
Algeria B-LOC
" O
has O
received O
with O
concern O
the O
information O
over O
a O
meeting O
of O
terrorist O
groups O
working O
against O
the O
interests O
of O
the O
Arab B-MISC
and O
Islamic B-MISC
world O
. O
" O

" O
Algeria B-LOC
expresses O
its O
sharp O
rejection O
of O
a O
meeting O
putting O
together O
masterminds O
and O
ideologists O
and O
financers O
of O
terrorism O
, O
" O
the O
spokesman O
said O
, O
adding O
the O
Algerian B-MISC
government O
has O
asked O
the O
British B-MISC
embassy O
in O
Algiers B-LOC
for O
clarifications O
. O

The O
Algerian B-MISC
ambassador O
in O
London B-LOC
has O
also O
asked O
for O
clarification O
from O
the O
Foreign B-ORG
Office I-ORG
over O
the O
meeting O
of O
Islamist B-MISC
groups O
. O

Algeria B-LOC
said O
" O
they O
are O
clearly O
working O
to O
undermine O
the O
stability O
" O
of O
Arab B-MISC
countries O
. O

British B-MISC
Foreign O
Secretary O
Malcolm B-PER
Rifkind I-PER
said O
on O
Tuesday O
from O
Pakistan B-LOC
his O
government O
would O
only O
take O
action O
against O
the O
planned O
Islamists B-MISC
gathering O
in O
London B-LOC
if O
British B-MISC
law O
was O
broken O
. O

" O
People O
who O
wish O
to O
hold O
conferences O
of O
course O
do O
n't O
need O
to O
seek O
permission O
from O
the O
government O
in O
Britain B-LOC
, O
" O
he O
said O
. O

An O
estimated O
50,000 O
people O
, O
including O
more O
than O
110 O
foreigners O
, O
have O
been O
killed O
in O
Algeria B-LOC
's O
violence O
pitting O
Moslem B-MISC
rebels O
against O
government O
forces O
since O
early O
1992 O
when O
authorities O
in O
Algeria B-LOC
cancelled O
a O
general O
election O
in O
which O
FIS B-ORG
had O
taken O
a O
commanding O
lead O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

OFFICIAL B-ORG
JOURNAL I-ORG
CONTENTS O
- O
OJ B-ORG
L O
218 O
OF O
AUGUST O
28 O
, O
1996 O
. O

* O

Commission B-MISC
Regulation I-MISC
( O
EC B-ORG
) O
No B-MISC
1676/96 I-MISC
of O
30 O
July O
1996 O
amending O
Regulation B-MISC
( O
EEC B-ORG
) O
No B-MISC
2454/93 I-MISC
laying O
down O
provisions O
for O
the O
implementation O
of O
Council B-MISC
Regulation I-MISC
( O
EEC B-ORG
) O
No B-MISC
2913/92 I-MISC
establishing O
the O
Community B-MISC
Customs I-MISC
Code I-MISC
END O
OF O
DOCUMENT O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
ponders O
Rubin B-PER
's O
role O
if O
Clinton B-PER
wins O
. O

Donna B-PER
Sells I-PER

NEW B-LOC
YORK I-LOC

The O
outcome O
of O
the O
November O
elections O
emerged O
as O
a O
hot O
topic O
on O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
this O
week O
as O
financial O
pundits O
debated O
whether O
Robert B-PER
Rubin I-PER
might O
forgo O
a O
second O
term O
as O
Treasury B-ORG
secretary O
if O
President O
Clinton B-PER
is O
re-elected O
. O

Concern O
centred O
on O
the O
currency O
markets O
since O
Rubin B-PER
's O
tour O
de O
force O
has O
been O
his O
unflagging O
support O
of O
the O
dollar O
. O

Speculation O
that O
Rubin B-PER
might O
not O
stay O
in O
his O
post O
grew O
after O
he O
sidestepped O
questions O
about O
any O
future O
Cabinet B-ORG
post O
during O
television O
interviews O
at O
the O
Democratic B-MISC
convention O
in O
Chicago B-LOC
this O
week O
. O

Should O
Rubin B-PER
leave O
, O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
would O
worry O
that O
he O
might O
take O
his O
strong-dollar O
policy O
with O
him O
. O

Rubin B-PER
's O
predecessor O
at O
the O
Treasury B-ORG
, O
Lloyd B-PER
Bentsen I-PER
, O
was O
viewed O
with O
suspicion O
by O
some O
in O
the O
financial O
markets O
who O
thought O
he O
had O
tried O
to O
push O
down O
the O
dollar O
to O
gain O
an O
edge O
in O
trade O
negotiations O
with O
Japan B-LOC
. O

" O
Obviously O
, O
under O
the O
Clinton B-PER
administration O
, O
we O
've O
seen O
two O
distinctively O
different O
dollar O
policies O
, O
" O
said O
Chris B-PER
Widness I-PER
, O
an O
international O
economist O
at O
Chase B-ORG
Securities I-ORG
Inc. I-ORG
" O
Under O
Rubin B-PER
, O
the O
U.S. B-LOC
has O
certainly O
looked O
for O
a O
strong O
dollar O
. O
" O

That O
strategy O
, O
backed O
up O
by O
timely O
instances O
of O
joint O
central O
bank O
intervention O
, O
helped O
the O
dollar O
battle O
back O
from O
post-Second B-MISC
World I-MISC
War I-MISC
lows O
of O
1.3438 O
German B-MISC
marks O
on O
March O
8 O
, O
1995 O
, O
and O
79.75 O
Japanese B-MISC
yen O
on O
April O
19 O
, O
1995 O
. O

Currently O
, O
the O
dollar O
stands O
at O
about O
1.48 O
marks O
and O
109 O
yen O
. O

Rubin B-PER
was O
widely O
hailed O
as O
the O
architect O
of O
the O
dollar O
's O
comeback O
, O
using O
skills O
and O
expertise O
gained O
in O
26 O
years O
on O
Wall B-LOC
Street I-LOC
, O
part O
of O
which O
were O
spent O
as O
co-chairman O
of O
Goldman B-ORG
, I-ORG
Sachs I-ORG
and I-ORG
Co I-ORG
. I-ORG

Inc B-ORG
. O

" O
Rubin B-PER
has O
done O
a O
fine O
job O
in O
that O
position O
, O
" O
said O
Michael B-PER
Faust I-PER
, O
a O
portfolio O
manager O
at O
Bailard B-ORG
, I-ORG
Biehl I-ORG
and I-ORG
Kaiser I-ORG
, O
which O
manages O
just O
under O
$ O
1 O
billion O
in O
global O
stocks O
and O
bonds O
. O

" O
Anyone O
who O
would O
come O
in O
there O
to O
replace O
him O
would O
have O
awfully O
big O
shoes O
to O
fill O
. O
" O

Fear O
that O
a O
new O
Treasury B-ORG
secretary O
might O
favour O
a O
return O
to O
Bentsen-era B-MISC
policy O
could O
spell O
trouble O
for O
financial O
markets O
. O

Some O
overseas O
investors O
might O
shy O
away O
from O
buying O
U.S. B-LOC
stocks O
and O
bonds O
or O
even O
sell O
them O
when O
the O
dollar O
is O
weakening O
. O

As O
for O
U.S. B-ORG
Treasury I-ORG
securities O
, O
Widness B-PER
explained O
that O
Alan B-PER
Greenspan I-PER
's O
reappointment O
as O
chairman O
of O
the O
Federal B-ORG
Reserve I-ORG
and O
the O
outlook O
for O
the O
federal O
budget O
were O
more O
important O
than O
whether O
Rubin B-PER
continues O
at O
the O
Treasury B-ORG
. O

" O
Although O
, O
if O
we O
did O
get O
someone O
that O
was O
seen O
as O
looking O
for O
a O
dollar O
depreciation O
, O
it O
would O
probably O
hurt O
capital O
flows O
to O
the O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
, O
" O
said O
Widness B-PER
, O
adding O
that O
could O
hurt O
U.S. B-LOC
stocks O
and O
, O
to O
a O
lesser O
degree O
, O
bonds O
. O

Still O
, O
markets O
may O
have O
little O
to O
fear O
from O
any O
Rubin B-PER
successor O
because O
the O
firm O
dollar O
policy O
has O
yielded O
positive O
results O
. O

If O
that O
is O
true O
, O
then O
any O
new O
Treasury B-ORG
chief O
would O
need O
to O
be O
as O
effective O
as O
Rubin B-PER
in O
convincing O
markets O
that O
the O
White B-LOC
House I-LOC
does O
indeed O
want O
a O
strong O
currency O
. O

" O
If O
he O
left O
, O
the O
first O
question O
people O
would O
ask O
the O
next O
guy O
is O
, O
' O
What O
's O
your O
view O
on O
the O
dollar O
? O
' O

" O
said O
Michael B-PER
Perelstein I-PER
, O
portfolio O
manager O
of O
MainStay B-ORG
International I-ORG
Funds I-ORG
. O

" O
And O
all O
I O
can O
say O
as O
a O
piece O
of O
advice O
is O
that O
they O
'd O
better O
say O
exactly O
the O
same O
thing O
( O
as O
Rubin B-PER
) O
, O
if O
not O
stronger O
, O
" O
Perelstein B-PER
said O
. O
" O

Otherwise O
, O
you O
get O
selling O
out O
of O
Tokyo B-LOC
and O
Frankfurt B-LOC
again O
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
AUSTRIA B-LOC
BEAT O
SCOTLAND B-LOC
4-0 O
IN O
EUROPEAN B-MISC
UNDER-21 O
MATCH O
. O

AMSTETTEN B-LOC
, O
Austria B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Austria B-LOC
beat O
Scotland B-LOC
4-0 O
( O
halftime O
3-0 O
) O
in O
a O
European B-MISC
under-21 O
championship O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

Scorers O
: O
Ewald B-PER
Brenner I-PER
( O
5th O
minute O
) O
, O
Mario B-PER
Stieglmair I-PER
( O
42nd O
) O
, O
Ronald B-PER
Brunmayr I-PER
( O
43rd O
and O
56th O
) O
. O

Attendance O
: O
800 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
WALES B-LOC
BEAT O
SAN B-LOC
MARINO I-LOC
4-0 O
IN O
UNDER-21 O
MATCH O
. O

BARRY B-LOC
, O
Wales B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Wales B-LOC
beat O
San B-LOC
Marino I-LOC
4-0 O
( O
halftime O
2-0 O
) O
in O
a O
European B-MISC
under-21 O
soccer O
match O
on O
Friday O
. O

Scorers O
: O

Wales B-LOC
- O
John B-PER
Hartson I-PER
( O
12th O
, O
56th O
and O
83rd O
minutes O
) O
, O
Scott B-PER
Young I-PER
( O
24th O
) O

Attendance O
: O
1,800 O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
BALLANGER B-PER
KEEPS O
SPRINT O
TITLE O
IN O
STYLE O
. O

Martin B-PER
Ayres I-PER

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Felicia B-PER
Ballanger I-PER
of O
France B-LOC
confirmed O
her O
status O
as O
the O
world O
's O
number O
one O
woman O
sprinter O
when O
she O
retained O
her O
title O
at O
the O
world O
cycling O
championships O
on O
Friday O
. O

Ballanger B-PER
beat O
Germany B-LOC
's O
Annett B-PER
Neumann I-PER
2-0 O
in O
the O
best-of-three O
matches O
final O
to O
add O
the O
world O
title O
to O
the O
Olympic B-MISC
gold O
medal O
she O
won O
in O
July O
. O

France B-LOC
also O
took O
third O
place O
in O
the O
sprint O
, O
Magali B-PER
Faure I-PER
defeating O
ex-world O
champion O
Tanya B-PER
Dubnicoff I-PER
of O
Canada B-LOC
2-0 O
. O

Ballanger B-PER
, O
25 O
, O
will O
be O
aiming O
to O
complete O
a O
track O
double O
when O
she O
defends O
her O
500 O
metres O
time O
trial O
title O
on O
Saturday O
. O

The O
other O
final O
of O
the O
night O
, O
the O
women O
's O
24-kms O
points O
race O
, O
also O
ended O
in O
success O
for O
the O
reigning O
champion O
. O

Russia B-LOC
's O
Svetlana B-PER
Samokhalova I-PER
fought O
off O
a O
spirited O
challenge O
from O
American B-MISC
Jane B-PER
Quigley I-PER
to O
take O
the O
title O
for O
a O
second O
year O
. O

Russia B-LOC
, O
the O
only O
nation O
to O
have O
two O
riders O
in O
the O
field O
, O
made O
full O
use O
of O
their O
numerical O
superiority O
. O

Goulnara B-PER
Fatkoullina I-PER
helped O
Samokhalova B-PER
to O
build O
an O
unbeatable O
points O
lead O
before O
snatching O
the O
bronze O
medal O
. O

Quigley B-PER
, O
a O
former O
medallist O
in O
the O
points O
event O
, O
led O
the O
race O
at O
half O
distance O
. O
" O

I O
went O
so O
close O
this O
time O
, O
but O
having O
two O
riders O
certainly O
gave O
the O
Russians B-MISC
an O
advantage O
, O
" O
she O
said O
. O

The O
first O
six O
riders O
lapped O
the O
field O
, O
which O
left O
former O
world O
champion O
Ingrid B-PER
Haringa I-PER
of O
the O
Netherlands B-LOC
down O
in O
seventh O
place O
despite O
having O
the O
second O
highest O
points O
score O
. O

Olympic B-MISC
champion O
Nathalie B-PER
Lancien I-PER
of O
France B-LOC
also O
missed O
the O
winning O
attack O
and O
finished O
a O
disappointing O
10th O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

CYCLING O
- O
WORLD O
TRACK O
CHAMPIONSHIP O
RESULTS O
. O

MANCHESTER B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Results O
at O
the O
world O
track O
cycling O
championships O
on O
Friday O
: O

Women O
's O
sprint O
semifinals O
( O
best O
of O
three O
) O
: O

Annett B-PER
Neumann I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
beat O
Magali B-PER
Faure I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
2-0 O
( O
12.341 O
and O
12.348 O
seconds O
for O
the O
last O
200 O
metres O
) O

Felicia B-PER
Ballanger I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
beat O
Tanya B-PER
Dubnicoff I-PER
( O
Canada B-LOC
) O
2-0 O
, O
( O
12.130 O
/ O
12.124 O
) O

Ride O
for O
third O
place O
: O

Faure B-PER
beat O
Dubnicoff B-PER
2-0 O
( O
12.112 O
/ O
12.246 O
) O

Final O
: O

Ballanger B-PER
beat O
Neumann B-PER
2-0 O
( O
11.959 O
/ O
12.225 O
) O

Women O
's O
world O
points O
race O
championship O
( O
24-km O
) O
: O

1. O
Svetlana B-PER
Samokhalova I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
28 O
points O
( O
in O
32 O

minutes O
31.081 O
seconds O
) O

2. O
Jane B-PER
Quigley I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
18 O
points O

3. O
Goulnara B-PER
Fatkoullina I-PER
( O
Russia B-LOC
) O
16 O

4. O
Tatiana B-PER
Stiajkina I-PER
( O
Ukraine B-LOC
) O
11 O

5. O
Judith B-PER
Arndt I-PER
( O
Germany B-LOC
) O
11 O

6. O
Tea B-PER
Vikstedt-Nyman I-PER
( O
Finland B-LOC
) O
5 O

One O
lap O
behind O
: O

7. O
Ingrid B-PER
Haringa I-PER
( O
Netherlands B-LOC
) O
20 O

8. O
Sally B-PER
Boyden I-PER
( O
Britain B-LOC
) O
9 O

9. O
Agnieszka B-PER
Godras I-PER
( O
Poland B-LOC
) O
8 O

10. O
Nathalie B-PER
Lancien I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
8 O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
FRENCH B-MISC
DEFENDER O
KOMBOUARE B-PER
JOINS O
ABERDEEN B-ORG
. O

ABDERDEEN B-LOC
, O
Scotland B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

French B-MISC
central O
defender O
Antoine B-PER
Kombouare I-PER
has O
completed O
a O
300,000 O
pounds O
sterling O
( O
$ O
467,000 O
) O
move O
to O
Aberdeen B-ORG
from O
Swiss B-MISC
club O
Sion B-ORG
, O
the O
Scottish B-MISC
premier O
division O
club O
said O
on O
Friday O
. O

Kombouare B-PER
has O
signed O
a O
two-year O
contract O
and O
will O
make O
his O
debut O
against O
Morton B-PER
in O
the O
Scottish B-MISC
League I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
on O
Tuesday O
. O

But O
he O
will O
be O
ineligible O
for O
the O
rest O
of O
Aberdeen B-ORG
's O
UEFA B-MISC
Cup I-MISC
campaign O
as O
he O
has O
already O
played O
for O
Sion B-ORG
in O
this O
season O
's O
Cup B-MISC
Winners I-MISC
' I-MISC
Cup I-MISC
. O

Aberdeen B-ORG
manager O
Roy B-PER
Aitken I-PER
said O
: O
" O
It O
's O
unfortunate O
for O
us O
that O
Antoine B-PER
cannot O
play O
in O
Europe B-LOC
but O
he O
will O
help O
us O
achieve O
things O
in O
domestic O
competition O
. O

" O
I O
have O
been O
watching O
him O
for O
several O
weeks O
now O
and O
have O
no O
doubts O
he O
brings O
real O
quality O
to O
the O
side O
. O

He O
has O
a O
great O
deal O
of O
experience O
and O
I O
'm O
sure O
he O
will O
quickly O
establish O
himself O
in O
both O
the O
team O
and O
the O
affection O
of O
our O
fans O
. O
" O

The O
32-year-old O
defender O
played O
seven O
seasons O
with O
Nantes B-ORG
and O
was O
with O
Paris B-ORG
St I-ORG
Germain I-ORG
for O
five O
seasons O
. O

He O
said O
former O
PSG B-ORG
team O
mate O
David B-PER
Ginola I-PER
, O
who O
now O
plays O
for O
English B-MISC
premier O
league O
Newcastle B-ORG
, O
was O
influential O
in O
his O
move O
to O
Scotland B-LOC
. O

" O
I O
'm O
a O
very O
good O
friend O
of O
David B-PER
and O
spoke O
to O
him O
recently O
about O
coming O
to O
Aberdeen B-ORG
and O
he O
was O
very O
positive O
about O
it O
, O
" O
Kombouare B-PER
said O
. O

" O
He O
said O
I O
would O
really O
enjoy O
life O
there O
and O
that O
I O
would O
settle O
in O
in O
terms O
of O
football O
as O
well O
. O

That O
, O
and O
the O
fact O
he O
is O
only O
a O
few O
hours O
drive O
away O
, O
influenced O
my O
decision O
to O
come O
to O
Aberdeen B-ORG
. O
" O

-DOCSTART- O

MOTORCYCLING O
- O
SAN B-LOC
MARINO I-LOC
GRAND B-MISC
PRIX I-MISC
PRACTICE O
TIMES O
. O

IMOLA B-LOC
, O
Italy B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Practice O
times O
set O
on O
Friday O

for O
Sunday O
's O
San B-LOC
Marino I-LOC
500cc O
motorcycling O
Grand B-MISC
Prix I-MISC
: O

1. O
Michael B-PER
Doohan I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
one O
minute O
50.250 O

2. O
Jean-Michel B-PER
Bayle I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG
1:50.727 O

3. O
Norifumi B-PER
Abe I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Yamaha B-ORG
1:50.858 O

4. O
Luca B-PER
Cadalora I-PER
( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
1:51.006 O

5. O
Alex B-PER
Criville I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
1:51.075 O

6. O
Scott B-PER
Russell I-PER
( O
United B-LOC
States I-LOC
) O
Suzuki B-ORG
1:51.287 O

7. O
Tadayuki B-PER
Okada I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
1:51.528 O

8. O
Carlos B-PER
Checa I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
1:51.588 O

9. O
Alexandre B-PER
Barros I-PER
( O
Brazil B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
1:51.784 O

10. O
Shinichi B-PER
Itoh I-PER
( O
Japan B-LOC
) O
Honda B-ORG
1:51.857 O

-DOCSTART- O

GOLF O
- O
BRITISH B-MISC
MASTERS I-MISC
THIRD O
ROUND O
SCORES O
. O

NORTHAMPTON B-LOC
, O
England B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Leading O
scores O
after O

the O
third O
round O
of O
the O
British B-MISC
Masters I-MISC
on O
Friday O
: O

211 O
Robert B-PER
Allenby I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
69 O
71 O
71 O

212 O
Pedro B-PER
Linhart I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
72 O
73 O
67 O

216 O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Martin I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
75 O
70 O
71 O
, O
Costantino B-PER
Rocca I-PER

( O
Italy B-LOC
) O
71 O
73 O
72 O

217 O
Antoine B-PER
Lebouc I-PER
( O
France B-LOC
) O
74 O
73 O
70 O
, O
Ian B-PER
Woosnam I-PER
70 O
76 O
71 O
, O

Francisco B-PER
Cea I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
70 O
71 O
76 O
, O
Gavin B-PER
Levenson I-PER
( O
South B-LOC

Africa B-LOC
) O
66 O
75 O
76 O

218 O
Stephen B-PER
McAllister I-PER
73 O
76 O
69 O
, O
Joakim B-PER
Haeggman I-PER
( O
Swe B-LOC
) O
71 O
77 O

70 O
, O
Jose B-PER
Coceres I-PER
( O
Argentina B-LOC
) O
69 O
78 O
71 O
, O
Paul B-PER
Eales I-PER
75 O
71 O
72 O
, O

Klas B-PER
Eriksson I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
71 O
75 O
72 O
, O
Mike B-PER
Clayton I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O

69 O
76 O
73 O
, O
Mark B-PER
Roe I-PER
69 O
71 O
78 O

219 O
Eamonn B-PER
Darcy I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
74 O
76 O
69 O
, O
Bob B-PER
May I-PER
( O
U.S. B-LOC
) O
74 O
75 O
70 O
, O

Paul B-PER
Lawrie I-PER
72 O
75 O
72 O
, O
Miguel B-PER
Angel I-PER
Jimenez I-PER
( O
Spain B-LOC
) O
74 O
72 O

73 O
, O
Peter B-PER
Mitchell I-PER
74 O
71 O
75 O
, O
Philip B-PER
Walton I-PER
( O
Ireland B-LOC
) O
71 O
74 O

74 O
, O
Peter B-PER
O'Malley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
71 O
73 O
75 O

220 O
Barry B-PER
Lane I-PER
73 O
77 O
70 O
, O
Wayne B-PER
Riley I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
71 O
78 O
71 O
, O

Martin B-PER
Gates I-PER
71 O
77 O
72 O
, O
Bradley B-PER
Hughes I-PER
( O
Australia B-LOC
) O
73 O
75 O
72 O
, O

Peter B-PER
Hedblom I-PER
( O
Sweden B-LOC
) O
70 O
75 O
75 O
, O
Retief B-PER
Goosen I-PER
( O
South B-LOC

Africa B-LOC
) O
71 O
74 O
75 O
, O
David B-PER
Gilford I-PER
69 O
74 O
77 O
. O

-DOCSTART- O

SOCCER O
- O
ENGLISH B-MISC
SOCCER O
RESULTS O
. O

LONDON B-LOC
1996-08-30 O

Results O
of O
English B-MISC
league O
matches O

on O
Friday O
: O

Division O
two O

Plymouth B-ORG
2 O
Preston B-ORG
1 O

Division O
three O

Swansea B-ORG
1 O
Lincoln B-ORG
2 O



================================================
FILE: dataset/CONLL/train_20.txt
================================================
EU	B-ORG
rejects	O
German	B-MISC
call	O
to	O
boycott	O
British	B-MISC
lamb	O
.	O

The	O
European	B-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
disagreed	O
with	O
German	B-MISC
advice	O
to	O
consumers	O
to	O
shun	O
British	B-MISC
lamb	O
until	O
scientists	O
determine	O
whether	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
can	O
be	O
transmitted	O
to	O
sheep	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
's	O
representative	O
to	O
the	O
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
's	O
veterinary	O
committee	O
Werner	B-PER
Zwingmann	I-PER
said	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
consumers	O
should	O
buy	O
sheepmeat	O
from	O
countries	O
other	O
than	O
Britain	B-LOC
until	O
the	O
scientific	O
advice	O
was	O
clearer	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
support	O
any	O
such	O
recommendation	O
because	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
any	O
grounds	O
for	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
Commission	B-ORG
's	O
chief	O
spokesman	O
Nikolaus	B-PER
van	I-PER
der	I-PER
Pas	I-PER
told	O
a	O
news	O
briefing	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
further	O
scientific	O
study	O
was	O
required	O
and	O
if	O
it	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
action	O
was	O
needed	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
taken	O
by	O
the	O
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
.	O

He	O
said	O
a	O
proposal	O
last	O
month	O
by	O
EU	B-ORG
Farm	O
Commissioner	O
Franz	B-PER
Fischler	I-PER
to	O
ban	O
sheep	O
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
food	O
chains	O
was	O
a	O
highly	O
specific	O
and	O
precautionary	O
move	O
to	O
protect	O
human	O
health	O
.	O

Fischler	B-PER
proposed	O
EU-wide	B-MISC
measures	O
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	B-LOC
and	O
France	B-LOC
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	B-MISC
Spongiform	I-MISC
Encephalopathy	I-MISC
(	O
BSE	B-MISC
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

But	O
Fischler	B-PER
agreed	O
to	O
review	O
his	O
proposal	O
after	O
the	O
EU	B-ORG
's	O
standing	O
veterinary	O
committee	O
,	O
mational	O
animal	O
health	O
officials	O
,	O
questioned	O
if	O
such	O
action	O
was	O
justified	O
as	O
there	O
was	O
only	O
a	O
slight	O
risk	O
to	O
human	O
health	O
.	O

Spanish	B-MISC
Farm	O
Minister	O
Loyola	B-PER
de	I-PER
Palacio	I-PER
had	O
earlier	O
accused	O
Fischler	B-PER
at	O
an	O
EU	B-ORG
farm	O
ministers	O
'	O
meeting	O
of	O
causing	O
unjustified	O
alarm	O
through	O
"	O
dangerous	O
generalisation	O
.	O
"	O

Only	O
France	B-LOC
and	O
Britain	B-LOC
backed	O
Fischler	B-PER
's	O
proposal	O
.	O

The	O
EU	B-ORG
's	O
scientific	O
veterinary	O
and	O
multidisciplinary	O
committees	O
are	O
due	O
to	O
re-examine	O
the	O
issue	O
early	O
next	O
month	O
and	O
make	O
recommendations	O
to	O
the	O
senior	O
veterinary	O
officials	O
.	O

Sheep	O
have	O
long	O
been	O
known	O
to	O
contract	O
scrapie	O
,	O
a	O
brain-wasting	O
disease	O
similar	O
to	O
BSE	B-MISC
which	O
is	O
believed	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
transferred	O
to	O
cattle	O
through	O
feed	O
containing	O
animal	O
waste	O
.	O

British	B-MISC
farmers	O
denied	O
on	O
Thursday	O
there	O
was	O
any	O
danger	O
to	O
human	O
health	O
from	O
their	O
sheep	O
,	O
but	O
expressed	O
concern	O
that	O
German	B-MISC
government	O
advice	O
to	O
consumers	O
to	O
avoid	O
British	B-MISC
lamb	O
might	O
influence	O
consumers	O
across	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
What	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
extremely	O
careful	O
of	O
is	O
how	O
other	O
countries	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
take	O
Germany	B-LOC
's	O
lead	O
,	O
"	O
Welsh	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Farmers	I-ORG
'	I-ORG
Union	I-ORG
(	O
NFU	B-ORG
)	O
chairman	O
John	B-PER
Lloyd	I-PER
Jones	I-PER
said	O
on	O
BBC	B-ORG
radio	I-ORG
.	O

Bonn	B-LOC
has	O
led	O
efforts	O
to	O
protect	O
public	O
health	O
after	O
consumer	O
confidence	O
collapsed	O
in	O
March	O
after	O
a	O
British	B-MISC
report	O
suggested	O
humans	O
could	O
contract	O
an	O
illness	O
similar	O
to	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
by	O
eating	O
contaminated	O
beef	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
imported	O
47,600	O
sheep	O
from	O
Britain	B-LOC
last	O
year	O
,	O
nearly	O
half	O
of	O
total	O
imports	O
.	O

It	O
brought	O
in	O
4,275	O
tonnes	O
of	O
British	B-MISC
mutton	O
,	O
some	O
10	O
percent	O
of	O
overall	O
imports	O
.	O

Rare	O
Hendrix	B-PER
song	O
draft	O
sells	O
for	O
almost	O
$	O
17,000	O
.	O

A	O
rare	O
early	O
handwritten	O
draft	O
of	O
a	O
song	O
by	O
U.S.	B-LOC
guitar	O
legend	O
Jimi	B-PER
Hendrix	I-PER
was	O
sold	O
for	O
almost	O
$	O
17,000	O
on	O
Thursday	O
at	O
an	O
auction	O
of	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
late	O
musician	O
's	O
favourite	O
possessions	O
.	O

A	O
Florida	B-LOC
restaurant	O
paid	O
10,925	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
16,935	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
draft	O
of	O
"	O
Ai	B-MISC
n't	I-MISC
no	I-MISC
telling	I-MISC
"	O
,	O
which	O
Hendrix	B-PER
penned	O
on	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
London	B-LOC
hotel	O
stationery	O
in	O
late	O
1966	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
a	O
January	O
1967	O
concert	O
in	O
the	O
English	B-MISC
city	O
of	O
Nottingham	B-LOC
he	O
threw	O
the	O
sheet	O
of	O
paper	O
into	O
the	O
audience	O
,	O
where	O
it	O
was	O
retrieved	O
by	O
a	O
fan	O
.	O

Buyers	O
also	O
snapped	O
up	O
16	O
other	O
items	O
that	O
were	O
put	O
up	O
for	O
auction	O
by	O
Hendrix	B-PER
's	O
former	O
girlfriend	O
Kathy	B-PER
Etchingham	I-PER
,	O
who	O
lived	O
with	O
him	O
from	O
1966	O
to	O
1969	O
.	O

They	O
included	O
a	O
black	O
lacquer	O
and	O
mother	O
of	O
pearl	O
inlaid	O
box	O
used	O
by	O
Hendrix	B-PER
to	O
store	O
his	O
drugs	O
,	O
which	O
an	O
anonymous	O
Australian	B-MISC
purchaser	O
bought	O
for	O
5,060	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
7,845	O
)	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
says	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
spoils	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
talks	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
accused	O
Taipei	B-LOC
of	O
spoiling	O
the	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
a	O
resumption	O
of	O
talks	O
across	O
the	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
Strait	I-LOC
with	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
by	O
Taiwanese	B-MISC
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	B-PER
Chan	I-PER
this	O
week	O
that	O
infuriated	O
Beijing	B-LOC
.	O

Speaking	O
only	O
hours	O
after	O
Chinese	B-MISC
state	O
media	O
said	O
the	O
time	O
was	O
right	O
to	O
engage	O
in	O
political	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
,	O
Foreign	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
spokesman	O
Shen	B-PER
Guofang	I-PER
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
:	O
"	O
The	O
necessary	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
has	O
been	O
disrupted	O
by	O
the	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
authorities	O
.	O
"	O

State	O
media	O
quoted	O
China	B-LOC
's	O
top	O
negotiator	O
with	O
Taipei	B-LOC
,	O
Tang	B-PER
Shubei	I-PER
,	O
as	O
telling	O
a	O
visiting	O
group	O
from	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
rivals	O
to	O
hold	O
political	O
talks	O
.	O

that	O
is	O
to	O
end	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
hostility	O
,	O
"	O
Thursday	O
's	O
overseas	O
edition	O
of	O
the	O
People	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Daily	I-ORG
quoted	O
Tang	B-PER
as	O
saying	O
.	O

The	O
foreign	O
ministry	O
's	O
Shen	B-ORG
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
Television	I-ORG
in	O
an	O
interview	O
he	O
had	O
read	O
reports	O
of	O
Tang	B-PER
's	O
comments	O
but	O
gave	O
no	O
details	O
of	O
why	O
the	O
negotiator	O
had	O
considered	O
the	O
time	O
right	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
Beijing	B-LOC
considers	O
a	O
renegade	O
province	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
has	O
long	O
opposed	O
all	O
Taipei	B-LOC
efforts	O
to	O
gain	O
greater	O
international	O
recognition	O
,	O
was	O
infuriated	O
by	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
this	O
week	O
by	O
Taiwanese	B-MISC
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	B-PER
.	O

China	B-LOC
says	O
time	O
right	O
for	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
talks	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
has	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
time	O
for	O
political	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
and	O
that	O
the	O
rival	O
island	O
should	O
take	O
practical	O
steps	O
towards	O
that	O
goal	O
.	O

Consultations	O
should	O
be	O
held	O
to	O
set	O
the	O
time	O
and	O
format	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
,	O
the	O
official	O
Xinhua	B-ORG
news	O
agency	O
quoted	O
Tang	B-PER
Shubei	I-PER
,	O
executive	O
vice	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	O
Association	B-ORG
for	I-ORG
Relations	I-ORG
Across	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Taiwan	I-ORG
Straits	I-ORG
,	O
as	O
saying	O
late	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

German	B-MISC
first-time	O
registrations	O
of	O
motor	O
vehicles	O
jumped	O
14.2	O
percent	O
in	O
July	O
this	O
year	O
from	O
the	O
year-earlier	O
period	O
,	O
the	O
Federal	B-ORG
office	I-ORG
for	I-ORG
motor	I-ORG
vehicles	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
growth	O
was	O
partly	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increased	O
number	O
of	O
Germans	B-MISC
buying	O
German	B-MISC
cars	O
abroad	O
,	O
while	O
manufacturers	O
said	O
that	O
domestic	O
demand	O
was	O
weak	O
,	O
the	O
federal	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

Almost	O
all	O
German	B-MISC
car	O
manufacturers	O
posted	O
gains	O
in	O
registration	O
numbers	O
in	O
the	O
period	O
.	O

Volkswagen	B-ORG
AG	I-ORG
won	O
77,719	O
registrations	O
,	O
slightly	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
total	O
.	O

Opel	B-ORG
AG	I-ORG
together	O
with	O
General	B-ORG
Motors	I-ORG
came	O
in	O
second	O
place	O
with	O
49,269	O
registrations	O
,	O
16.4	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
overall	O
figure	O
.	O

Third	O
was	O
Ford	B-ORG
with	O
35,563	O
registrations	O
,	O
or	O
11.7	O
percent	O
.	O

Only	O
Seat	B-ORG
and	O
Porsche	B-ORG
had	O
fewer	O
registrations	O
in	O
July	O
1996	O
compared	O
to	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
July	O
.	O

Seat	B-ORG
posted	O
3,420	O
registrations	O
compared	O
with	O
5522	O
registrations	O
in	O
July	O
a	O
year	O
earlier	O
.	O

GREEK	B-MISC
SOCIALISTS	O
GIVE	O
GREEN	O
LIGHT	O
TO	O
PM	O
FOR	O
ELECTIONS	O
.	O

The	O
Greek	B-MISC
socialist	O
party	O
's	O
executive	O
bureau	O
gave	O
the	O
green	O
light	O
to	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	B-PER
Simitis	I-PER
to	O
call	O
snap	O
elections	O
,	O
its	O
general	O
secretary	O
Costas	B-PER
Skandalidis	I-PER
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	B-PER
Simitis	I-PER
is	O
going	O
to	O
make	O
an	O
official	O
announcement	O
after	O
a	O
cabinet	O
meeting	O
later	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
said	O
Skandalidis	B-PER
.	O

--	O
Dimitris	B-PER
Kontogiannis	I-PER
,	O
Athens	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+301	O
3311812-4	O

BayerVB	B-ORG
sets	O
C$	B-MISC
100	O
million	O
six-year	O
bond	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
bond	O
was	O
announced	O
by	O
lead	O
manager	O
Toronto	B-PER
Dominion	I-PER
.	O

BORROWER	O
BAYERISCHE	B-ORG
VEREINSBANK	I-ORG

AMT	O
C$	B-MISC
100	O
MLN	O
COUPON	O
6.625	O
MATURITY	O
24.SEP.02	O

S&P	B-ORG
=	O
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	O
LIMITS	O
US	B-LOC
/	O
UK	B-LOC
/	O
CA	B-LOC

GOV	O
LAW	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
HOME	O
CTRY	O
=	O
TAX	O
PROVS	O
STANDARD	O

NOTES	O
BAYERISCHE	B-ORG
VEREINSBANK	I-ORG
IS	O
JOINT	O
LEAD	O
MANAGER	O

Venantius	B-ORG
sets	O
$	O
300	O
million	O
January	O
1999	O
FRN	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
floating-rate	O
issue	O
was	O
announced	O
by	O
lead	O
manager	O
Lehman	B-ORG
Brothers	I-ORG
International	I-ORG
.	O

BORROWER	O
VENANTIUS	B-ORG
AB	I-ORG
(	O
SWEDISH	B-MISC
NATIONAL	O
MORTGAGE	O
AGENCY	O
)	O

TYPE	O
FRN	O
BASE	O
3M	B-ORG
LIBOR	O
PAY	O
DATE	O
S23.SEP.96	O

LAST	O
S&P	B-ORG
AA+	O
REOFFER	O
=	O

LISTING	O
LONDON	B-LOC
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	O
LIMITS	O
US	B-LOC
/	O
UK	B-LOC
/	O
JP	B-LOC
/	O
FR	B-LOC

GOV	O
LAW	O
ENGLISH	B-MISC
HOME	O
CTRY	O
SWEDEN	B-LOC
TAX	O
PROVS	O
STANDARD	O

--	O
London	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+44	O
171	O
542	O
8863	O

Port	O
conditions	O
update	O
-	O
Syria	B-LOC
-	O
Lloyds	B-ORG
Shipping	I-ORG
.	O

Port	O
conditions	O
from	O
Lloyds	B-ORG
Shipping	I-ORG
Intelligence	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
--	O

LATTAKIA	B-LOC
,	O
Aug	O
10	O
-	O
waiting	O
time	O
at	O
Lattakia	B-LOC
and	O
Tartous	B-LOC
presently	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
plays	O
down	O
fears	O
of	O
war	O
with	O
Syria	B-LOC
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
's	O
outgoing	O
peace	O
negotiator	O
with	O
Syria	B-LOC
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
current	O
tensions	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
storm	O
in	O
a	O
teacup	O
.	O

Itamar	B-PER
Rabinovich	I-PER
,	O
who	O
as	O
Israel	B-LOC
's	O
ambassador	O
to	O
Washington	B-LOC
conducted	O
unfruitful	O
negotiations	O
with	O
Syria	B-LOC
,	O
told	O
Israel	B-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
it	O
looked	O
like	O
Damascus	O
wanted	O
to	O
talk	O
rather	O
than	O
fight	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
appears	O
to	O
me	O
the	O
Syrian	B-MISC
priority	O
is	O
still	O
to	O
negotiate	O
.	O

The	O
Syrians	B-MISC
are	O
confused	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
definitely	O
tense	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
general	O
assessment	O
here	O
in	O
Washington	B-LOC
is	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
essentially	O
a	O
storm	O
in	O
a	O
teacup	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

Rabinovich	B-PER
is	O
winding	O
up	O
his	O
term	O
as	O
ambassador	O
.	O

He	O
will	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
Eliahu	B-PER
Ben-Elissar	I-PER
,	O
a	O
former	O
Israeli	B-MISC
envoy	O
to	O
Egypt	B-LOC
and	O
right-wing	O
Likud	B-ORG
party	O
politician	O
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
sent	O
Syria	B-LOC
a	O
message	O
,	O
via	O
Washington	B-LOC
,	O
saying	O
it	O
was	O
committed	O
to	O
peace	O
and	O
wanted	O
to	O
open	O
negotiations	O
without	O
preconditions	O
.	O

But	O
it	O
slammed	O
Damascus	B-LOC
for	O
creating	O
what	O
it	O
called	O
a	O
dangerous	O
atmosphere	O
.	O

Syria	B-LOC
accused	O
Israel	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
of	O
launching	O
a	O
hysterical	O
campaign	O
against	O
it	O
after	O
Israeli	B-MISC
television	O
reported	O
that	O
Damascus	B-LOC
had	O
recently	O
test	O
fired	O
a	O
missile	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
message	O
that	O
we	O
sent	O
to	O
(	O
Syrian	B-MISC
President	O
Hafez	B-PER
al-	I-PER
)	O
Assad	B-PER
is	O
that	O
Israel	B-LOC
is	O
ready	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
without	O
preconditions	O
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	O
,	O
"	O
Israeli	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
David	B-PER
Levy	I-PER
told	O
Israel	B-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	O

Tension	O
has	O
mounted	O
since	O
Israeli	B-MISC
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	B-PER
Netanyahu	I-PER
took	O
office	O
in	O
June	O
vowing	O
to	O
retain	O
the	O
Golan	B-LOC
Heights	I-LOC
Israel	B-LOC
captured	O
from	O
Syria	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
1967	O
Middle	B-LOC
East	I-LOC
war	O
.	O

Israeli-Syrian	B-MISC
peace	O
talks	O
have	O
been	O
deadlocked	O
over	O
the	O
Golan	B-LOC
since	O
1991	O
despite	O
the	O
previous	O
government	O
's	O
willingness	O
to	O
make	O
Golan	B-LOC
concessions	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
voices	O
coming	O
out	O
of	O
Damascus	B-LOC
are	O
bad	O
,	O
not	O
good	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
expect	O
from	O
Syria	B-LOC
,	O
if	O
its	O
face	O
is	O
to	O
peace	O
,	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
answer	O
Israel	B-LOC
's	O
message	O
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	O
because	O
that	O
is	O
our	O
goal	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O
"	O

We	O
do	O
not	O
want	O
a	O
war	O
,	O
God	B-PER
forbid	O
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
's	O
Channel	B-ORG
Two	I-ORG
television	O
said	O
Damascus	B-LOC
had	O
sent	O
a	O
"	O
calming	O
signal	O
"	O
to	O
Israel	B-LOC
.	O

Netanyahu	B-PER
and	O
Levy	B-PER
's	O
spokesmen	O
said	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
confirm	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
television	O
also	O
said	O
that	O
Netanyahu	B-PER
had	O
sent	O
messages	O
to	O
reassure	O
Syria	B-LOC
via	O
Cairo	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
and	O
Moscow	B-LOC
.	O

Polish	B-MISC
diplomat	O
denies	O
nurses	O
stranded	O
in	O
Libya	B-LOC
.	O

A	O
Polish	B-MISC
diplomat	O
on	O
Thursday	O
denied	O
a	O
Polish	B-MISC
tabloid	O
report	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
Libya	B-LOC
was	O
refusing	O
exit	O
visas	O
to	O
100	O
Polish	B-MISC
nurses	O
trying	O
to	O
return	O
home	O
after	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
North	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
country	O
.	O

Up	O
to	O
today	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
no	O
knowledge	O
of	O
any	O
nurse	O
stranded	O
or	O
kept	O
in	O
Libya	B-LOC
without	O
her	O
will	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
not	O
received	O
any	O
complaint	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
Polish	B-MISC
embassy	O
's	O
charge	O
d'affaires	O
in	O
Tripoli	B-LOC
,	O
Tadeusz	B-PER
Awdankiewicz	I-PER
,	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
by	O
telephone	O
.	O

Poland	B-LOC
's	O
labour	O
ministry	O
said	O
this	O
week	O
it	O
would	O
send	O
a	O
team	O
to	O
Libya	B-LOC
to	O
investigate	O
,	O
but	O
Awdankiewicz	B-PER
said	O
the	O
probe	O
was	O
prompted	O
by	O
some	O
nurses	O
complaining	O
about	O
their	O
work	O
conditions	O
such	O
as	O
non-payment	O
of	O
their	O
salaries	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
that	O
there	O
are	O
an	O
estimated	O
800	O
Polish	O
nurses	O
working	O
in	O
Libya	B-LOC
.	O

Two	O
Iranian	B-MISC
opposition	O
leaders	O
meet	O
in	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
.	O

An	O
Iranian	B-MISC
exile	O
group	O
based	O
in	O
Iraq	B-LOC
vowed	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
extend	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	B-LOC
's	O
Kurdish	B-MISC
rebels	O
after	O
they	O
were	O
attacked	O
by	O
Iranian	B-MISC
troops	O
deep	O
inside	O
Iraq	B-LOC
last	O
month	O
.	O

A	O
Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
statement	O
said	O
its	O
leader	O
Massoud	B-PER
Rajavi	I-PER
met	O
in	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
the	O
Secretary-General	O
of	O
the	O
Kurdistan	B-ORG
Democratic	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Iran	I-ORG
(	O
KDPI	B-ORG
)	O
Hassan	B-PER
Rastegar	I-PER
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
voiced	O
his	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	B-LOC
's	O
rebel	O
Kurds	B-MISC
.	O

"	O
Rajavi	B-MISC
emphasised	O
that	O
the	O
Iranian	B-MISC
Resistance	B-ORG
would	O
continue	O
to	O
stand	O
side	O
by	O
side	O
with	O
their	O
Kurdish	B-MISC
compatriots	O
and	O
the	O
resistance	O
movement	O
in	O
Iranian	B-LOC
Kurdistan	I-LOC
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	O
.	O

A	O
spokesman	O
for	O
the	O
group	O
said	O
the	O
meeting	O
"	O
signals	O
a	O
new	O
level	O
of	O
cooperation	O
between	O
Mujahideen	B-ORG
Khalq	I-ORG
and	O
the	O
Iranian	B-MISC
Kurdish	I-MISC
oppositions	O
"	O
.	O

Iran	B-LOC
heavily	O
bombarded	O
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	B-LOC
in	O
July	O
in	O
pursuit	O
of	O
KDPI	B-ORG
guerrillas	O
based	O
in	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurdish	I-MISC
areas	O
outside	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
in	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
.	O

Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurdish	I-MISC
areas	O
bordering	O
Iran	B-LOC
are	O
under	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
guerrillas	O
of	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-ORG
Kurdish	I-ORG
Patriotic	I-ORG
Union	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Kurdistan	I-ORG
(	O
PUK	B-ORG
)	O
group	O
.	O

PUK	B-ORG
and	O
Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
Kurdistan	B-ORG
Democratic	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
(	O
KDP	B-ORG
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurdish	I-MISC
factions	O
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	O
Iraq	B-LOC
under	O
their	O
control	O
since	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
forces	O
were	O
ousted	O
from	O
Kuwait	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	B-MISC
War	I-MISC
.	O

Clashes	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
parties	O
broke	O
out	O
at	O
the	O
weekend	O
in	O
the	O
most	O
serious	O
fighting	O
since	O
a	O
U.S.-sponsored	B-MISC
ceasefire	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Mujahideen	B-ORG
Khalq	I-ORG
said	O
Iranian	B-MISC
troops	O
had	O
also	O
been	O
shelling	O
KDP	B-ORG
positions	O
in	O
Qasri	B-LOC
region	O
in	O
Suleimaniya	B-LOC
province	O
near	O
the	O
Iranian	B-MISC
border	O
over	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
days	O
.	O

It	O
said	O
about	O
100	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurds	I-MISC
were	O
killed	O
or	O
wounded	O
in	O
the	O
attack	O
.	O

Both	O
Iran	B-LOC
and	O
Turkey	B-LOC
mount	O
air	O
and	O
land	O
strikes	O
at	O
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	B-LOC
in	O
pursuit	O
of	O
their	O
own	O
Kurdish	B-MISC
rebels	O
.	O

A	O
U.S.-led	B-MISC
air	O
force	O
in	O
southern	O
Turkey	B-LOC
protects	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurds	I-MISC
from	O
possible	O
attacks	O
by	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
troops	O
.	O

Saudi	B-MISC
riyal	O
rates	O
steady	O
in	O
quiet	O
summer	O
trade	O
.	O

The	O
spot	O
Saudi	B-MISC
riyal	O
against	O
the	O
dollar	O
and	O
riyal	O
interbank	O
deposit	O
rates	O
were	O
mainly	O
steady	O
this	O
week	O
in	O
quiet	O
summer	O
trade	O
,	O
dealers	O
in	O
the	O
kingdom	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
were	O
no	O
changes	O
in	O
Saudi	B-MISC
riyal	O
rates	O
.	O

One-month	B-MISC
interbank	O
deposits	O
were	O
at	O
5-1/2	O
,	O
3/8	O
percent	O
,	O
three	O
months	O
were	O
5-5/8	O
,	O
1/2	O
percent	O
and	O
six	O
months	O
were	O
5-3/4	O
,	O
5/8	O
percent	O
.	O

One-year	B-MISC
funds	O
were	O
at	O
six	O
,	O
5-7/8	O
percent	O
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
approves	O
Arafat	B-PER
's	O
flight	O
to	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
gave	O
Palestinian	B-MISC
President	O
Yasser	B-PER
Arafat	I-PER
permission	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
fly	O
over	O
its	O
territory	O
to	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
,	O
ending	O
a	O
brief	O
Israeli-PLO	B-MISC
crisis	O
,	O
an	O
Arafat	B-PER
adviser	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
president	O
's	O
aircraft	O
has	O
received	O
permission	O
to	O
pass	O
through	O
Israeli	B-MISC
airspace	O
but	O
the	O
president	O
is	O
not	O
expected	O
to	O
travel	O
to	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
before	O
Monday	O
,	O
"	O
Nabil	B-PER
Abu	I-PER
Rdainah	I-PER
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

Arafat	B-PER
had	O
been	O
scheduled	O
to	O
meet	O
former	O
Israeli	B-MISC
prime	O
minister	O
Shimon	B-PER
Peres	I-PER
in	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	O
was	O
changed	O
to	O
Gaza	B-LOC
after	O
Israel	B-LOC
denied	O
flight	O
clearance	O
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-MISC
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Palestinian	B-MISC
officials	O
accused	O
right-wing	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	B-PER
Netanyahu	I-PER
of	O
trying	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
Ramallah	B-LOC
meeting	O
by	O
keeping	O
Arafat	B-PER
grounded	O
.	O

Arafat	B-PER
subsequently	O
cancelled	O
a	O
meeting	O
between	O
Israeli	B-MISC
and	O
PLO	B-ORG
officials	O
,	O
on	O
civilian	O
affairs	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
Allenby	B-LOC
Bridge	I-LOC
crossing	O
between	O
Jordan	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
.	O

Abu	B-PER
Rdainah	I-PER
said	O
Arafat	B-PER
had	O
decided	O
against	O
flying	O
to	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
after	O
Israel	B-LOC
lifted	O
the	O
ban	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
a	O
busy	O
schedule	O
in	O
Gaza	B-LOC
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
free	O
until	O
Monday	O
.	O

Arafat	B-PER
to	O
meet	O
Peres	B-PER
in	O
Gaza	B-LOC
after	O
flight	O
ban	O
.	O

Yasser	B-PER
Arafat	I-PER
will	O
meet	O
Shimon	B-PER
Peres	I-PER
in	O
Gaza	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
Palestinians	B-MISC
said	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Israeli	B-MISC
government	O
had	O
barred	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-MISC
leader	O
from	O
flying	O
to	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
for	O
talks	O
with	O
the	O
former	O
prime	O
minister	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
meeting	O
between	O
Peres	B-PER
and	O
Arafat	B-PER
will	O
take	O
place	O
at	O
Erez	B-LOC
checkpoint	O
in	O
Gaza	B-LOC
and	O
not	O
in	O
Ramallah	B-LOC
as	O
planned	O
,	O
"	O
Peres	B-PER
'	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

Palestinian	B-MISC
officials	O
said	O
the	O
Israeli	B-MISC
government	O
had	O
barred	O
Arafat	B-PER
from	O
overflying	O
Israel	B-LOC
in	O
a	O
Palestinian	B-MISC
helicopter	O
to	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
bar	O
the	O
meeting	O
with	O
Peres	B-PER
.	O

Israeli	B-MISC
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	B-PER
Netanyahu	I-PER
has	O
accused	O
opposition	O
leader	O
Peres	B-PER
,	O
who	O
he	O
defeated	O
in	O
May	O
elections	O
,	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
undermine	O
his	O
Likud	B-ORG
government	O
's	O
authority	O
to	O
conduct	O
peace	O
talks	O
.	O

Afghan	B-MISC
UAE	B-LOC
embassy	O
says	O
Taleban	B-MISC
guards	O
going	O
home	O
.	O

Three	O
Afghan	B-MISC
guards	O
brought	O
to	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
Arab	I-LOC
Emirates	I-LOC
last	O
week	O
by	O
Russian	B-MISC
hostages	O
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
the	O
Taleban	B-MISC
militia	O
will	O
return	O
to	O
Afghanistan	B-LOC
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
Afghan	B-MISC
embassy	O
in	O
Abu	B-LOC
Dhabi	I-LOC
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
Our	O
ambassador	O
is	O
in	O
touch	O
with	O
the	O
UAE	B-LOC
foreign	O
ministry	O
.	O

Their	O
return	O
to	O
Afghanistan	B-LOC
will	O
take	O
place	O
in	O
two	O
or	O
three	O
days	O
,	O
"	O
an	O
embassy	O
official	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
Islamic	B-MISC
Taleban	I-MISC
guards	O
were	O
overpowered	O
by	O
seven	O
Russian	B-MISC
aircrew	O
who	O
escaped	O
to	O
UAE	B-LOC
state	O
Sharjah	B-LOC
last	O
Friday	O
on	O
board	O
their	O
own	O
aircraft	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
captivity	O
of	O
Taleban	B-MISC
militia	O
in	O
Kandahar	B-LOC
in	O
southern	O
Afghanistan	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
UAE	B-LOC
said	O
on	O
Monday	O
it	O
would	O
hand	O
over	O
the	O
three	O
to	O
the	O
International	B-ORG
Red	I-ORG
Crescent	I-ORG
,	O
possibly	O
last	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

When	O
asked	O
whether	O
the	O
three	O
guards	O
would	O
travel	O
back	O
to	O
Kandahar	B-LOC
or	O
the	O
Afghan	B-MISC
capital	O
Kabul	O
,	O
the	O
embassy	O
official	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
That	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
decided	O
,	O
but	O
possibly	O
Kandahar	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

Kandahar	B-LOC
is	O
the	O
headquarters	O
of	O
the	O
opposition	O
Taleban	B-MISC
militia	O
.	O

Kabul	B-LOC
is	O
controlled	O
by	O
President	O
Burhanuddin	B-PER
Rabbani	I-PER
's	O
government	O
,	O
which	O
Taleban	B-MISC
is	O
fighting	O
to	O
overthrow	O
.	O

The	O
embassy	O
official	O
said	O
the	O
three	O
men	O
,	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
their	O
20s	O
,	O
were	O
currently	O
in	O
Abu	B-LOC
Dhabi	I-LOC
.	O

The	O
Russians	B-MISC
,	O
working	O
for	O
the	O
Aerostan	B-ORG
firm	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
republic	O
of	O
Tatarstan	B-LOC
,	O
were	O
taken	O
hostage	O
after	O
a	O
Taleban	B-MISC
MiG-19	B-MISC
fighter	O
forced	O
their	O
cargo	O
plane	O
to	O
land	O
in	O
August	O
1995	O
.	O

Taleban	B-MISC
said	O
its	O
shipment	O
of	O
ammunition	O
from	O
Albania	B-LOC
was	O
evidence	O
of	O
Russian	B-MISC
military	O
support	O
for	O
Rabbani	B-PER
's	O
government	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	B-MISC
,	O
who	O
said	O
they	O
overpowered	O
the	O
guards	O
--	O
two	O
armed	O
with	O
Kalashnikov	B-MISC
automatic	O
rifles	O
--	O
while	O
doing	O
regular	O
maintenance	O
work	O
on	O
their	O
Ilyushin	B-MISC
76	I-MISC
cargo	O
plane	O
last	O
Friday	O
,	O
left	O
the	O
UAE	B-LOC
capital	O
Abu	B-LOC
Dhabi	I-LOC
for	O
home	O
on	O
Sunday	O
.	O

Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
Saddam	B-PER
meets	O
Russia	B-LOC
's	O
Zhirinovsky	B-PER
.	O

Iraqi	B-MISC
President	O
Saddam	B-PER
Hussein	I-PER
has	O
told	O
visiting	O
Russian	B-MISC
ultra-nationalist	O
Vladimir	B-PER
Zhirinovsky	I-PER
that	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
wanted	O
to	O
maintain	O
"	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
"	O
with	O
Moscow	B-LOC
,	O
official	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
newspapers	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
President	O
Saddam	B-PER
Hussein	I-PER
stressed	O
during	O
the	O
meeting	O
Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
keenness	O
to	O
maintain	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
with	O
Russia	B-LOC
,	O
"	O
the	O
papers	O
said	O
.	O

They	O
said	O
Zhirinovsky	B-PER
told	O
Saddam	B-PER
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	B-ORG
Democratic	I-ORG
party	I-ORG
and	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
Duma	B-ORG
(	O
parliament	O
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	O
for	O
an	O
immediate	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
embargo	O
"	O
imposed	O
on	O
Iraq	B-LOC
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	O
of	O
Kuwait	B-LOC
.	O

Zhirinovsky	B-PER
said	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
he	O
would	O
press	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
government	O
to	O
help	O
end	O
U.N.	B-ORG
trade	O
sanctions	O
on	O
Iraq	B-LOC
and	O
blamed	O
Moscow	B-LOC
for	O
delaying	O
establishment	O
of	O
good	O
ties	O
with	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
Our	O
stand	O
is	O
firm	O
,	O
namely	O
we	O
are	O
calling	O
on	O
(	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
)	O
government	O
to	O
end	O
the	O
economic	O
embargo	O
on	O
Iraq	B-LOC
and	O
resume	O
trade	O
ties	O
between	O
Russia	B-LOC
and	O
Iraq	B-LOC
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

Zhirinovsky	O
visited	O
Iraq	B-LOC
twice	O
in	O
1995	O
.	O

Last	O
October	O
he	O
was	O
invited	O
to	O
attend	O
the	O
referendum	O
held	O
on	O
Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
presidency	O
,	O
which	O
extended	O
Saddam	B-PER
's	O
term	O
for	O
seven	O
more	O
years	O
.	O

PRESS	O
DIGEST	O
-	O
Iraq	B-LOC
-	O
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
leading	O
stories	O
in	O
the	O
official	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
press	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Reuters	B-ORG
has	O
not	O
verified	O
these	O
stories	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
vouch	O
for	O
their	O
accuracy	O
.	O

-	O
Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
President	O
Saddam	B-PER
Hussein	I-PER
meets	O
with	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
liberal	O
democratic	O
party	O
Vladimir	B-PER
Zhirinovsky	I-PER
.	O

-	O
Turkish	B-MISC
foreign	O
minister	O
says	O
Turkey	B-LOC
will	O
take	O
part	O
in	O
the	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
trade	O
fair	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
November	O
.	O

-	O
A	O
shipload	O
of	O
12	O
tonnes	O
of	O
rice	O
arrives	O
in	O
Umm	B-LOC
Qasr	I-LOC
port	O
in	O
the	O
Gulf	B-LOC
.	O

PRESS	O
DIGEST	O
-	O
Lebanon	B-LOC
-	O
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
the	O
leading	O
stories	O
in	O
the	O
Beirut	B-LOC
press	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

-	O
Confrontation	O
is	O
escalating	O
between	O
Hizbollah	B-ORG
and	O
the	O
government	O
.	O

-	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Hariri	B-PER
:	O
Israeli	B-MISC
threats	O
do	O
no	O
serve	O
peace	O
.	O

-	O
Parliament	O
Speaker	O
Berri	B-PER
:	O
Israel	B-LOC
is	O
preparing	O
for	O
war	O
against	O
Syria	B-LOC
and	O
Lebanon	B-LOC
.	O

-	O
Parliamentary	O
battle	O
in	O
Beirut	B-LOC
..	O

-	O
Continued	O
criticism	O
of	O
law	O
violation	O
incidents	O
--	O
which	O
occurred	O
in	O
the	O
Mount	B-LOC
Lebanon	I-LOC
elections	O
last	O
Sunday	O
.	O

-	O
Financial	O
negotiations	O
between	O
Lebanon	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	O
.	O

-	O
Hariri	B-PER
to	O
step	O
into	O
the	O
election	O
battle	O
with	O
an	O
incomplete	O
list	O
.	O

-	O
Maronite	B-ORG
Patriarch	O
Sfeir	B-PER
expressed	O
sorrow	O
over	O
the	O
violations	O
in	O
Sunday	O
'	O
elections	O
.	O

CME	B-ORG
live	O
and	O
feeder	O
cattle	O
calls	O
range	O
mixed	O
.	O

Early	O
calls	O
on	O
CME	B-ORG
live	O
and	O
feeder	O
cattle	O
futures	O
ranged	O
from	O
0.200	O
cent	O
higher	O
to	O
0.100	O
lower	O
,	O
livestock	O
analysts	O
said	O
.	O

MONTGOMERY	B-LOC
,	O
Ala	B-LOC
.	O

KinderCare	B-ORG
Learning	I-ORG
Centers	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
a	O
debt	O
buyback	O
would	O
mean	O
an	O
extraordinary	O
loss	O
of	O
$	O
1.2	O
million	O
in	O
its	O
fiscal	O
1997	O
first	O
quarter	O
.	O

Philip	B-PER
Maslowe	I-PER
,	O
chief	O
financial	O
officer	O
of	O
the	O
preschool	O
and	O
child	O
care	O
company	O
,	O
said	O
the	O
buyback	O
"	O
offered	O
an	O
opportunity	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
weighted	O
average	O
interest	O
costs	O
and	O
improve	O
future	O
cash	O
flows	O
and	O
earnings	O
.	O
"	O

RESEARCH	O
ALERT	O
-	O
Lehman	B-ORG
starts	O
SNET	B-ORG
.	O

--	O
Lehman	B-ORG
analyst	O
Blake	B-PER
Bath	I-PER
started	O
Southern	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
England	I-ORG
Telecommunciations	I-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
with	O
an	O
outperform	O
rating	O
,	O
his	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

--	O
E.	O
Auchard	O
,	O
Wall	B-ORG
Street	I-ORG
bureau	I-ORG
,	O
212-859-1736	O

Greek	B-MISC
socialists	O
give	O
PM	O
green	O
light	O
for	O
election	O
.	O

The	O
Greek	B-MISC
socialist	O
party	O
's	O
executive	O
bureau	O
gave	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	B-PER
Simitis	I-PER
its	O
backing	O
if	O
he	O
chooses	O
to	O
call	O
snap	O
elections	O
,	O
its	O
general	O
secretary	O
Costas	B-PER
Skandalidis	I-PER
told	O
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	B-PER
Simitis	I-PER
will	O
make	O
an	O
official	O
announcement	O
after	O
a	O
cabinet	O
meeting	O
later	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
said	O
Skandalidis	B-PER
.	O

PRESS	O
DIGEST	O
-	O
France	B-LOC
-	O
Le	B-ORG
Monde	I-ORG
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

--	O
Africans	O
seeking	O
to	O
renew	O
or	O
obtain	O
work	O
and	O
residence	O
rights	O
say	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Alain	B-PER
Juppe	I-PER
's	O
proposals	O
are	O
insufficient	O
as	O
hunger	O
strike	O
enters	O
49th	O
day	O
in	O
Paris	B-LOC
church	O
and	O
Wednesday	O
rally	O
attracts	O
8,000	O
sympathisers	O
.	O

--	O
FLNC	B-ORG
Corsican	B-MISC
nationalist	O
movement	O
announces	O
end	O
of	O
truce	O
after	O
last	O
night	O
's	O
attacks	O
.	O

--	O
Shutdown	O
of	O
Bally	B-ORG
's	O
French	B-MISC
factories	O
points	O
up	O
shoe	O
industry	O
crisis	O
,	O
with	O
French	B-MISC
manufacturers	O
undercut	O
by	O
low-wage	O
country	O
competition	O
and	O
failure	O
to	O
keep	O
abreast	O
of	O
trends	O
.	O

--	O
Secretary	O
general	O
of	O
the	O
Sud-PTT	B-MISC
trade	O
union	O
at	O
France	B-ORG
Telecom	I-ORG
all	O
the	O
elements	O
are	O
in	O
place	O
for	O
social	O
unrest	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
weeks	O
.	O

--	O
Paris	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+33	O
1	O
42	O
21	O
53	O
81	O

Well	O
repairs	O
to	O
lift	O
Heidrun	B-LOC
oil	O
output	O
-	O
Statoil	B-ORG
.	O

Three	O
plugged	O
water	O
injection	O
wells	O
on	O
the	O
Heidrun	B-LOC
oilfield	O
off	O
mid-Norway	B-MISC
will	O
be	O
reopened	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
month	O
,	O
operator	O
Den	B-ORG
Norske	I-ORG
Stats	I-ORG
Oljeselskap	I-ORG
AS	I-ORG
(	O
Statoil	B-ORG
)	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
plugged	O
wells	O
have	O
accounted	O
for	O
a	O
dip	O
of	O
30,000	O
barrels	O
per	O
day	O
(	O
bpd	O
)	O
in	O
Heidrun	B-LOC
output	O
to	O
roughly	O
220,000	O
bpd	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
Status	B-ORG
Weekly	I-ORG
newsletter	O
.	O

--	O
Oslo	B-LOC
newsroom	O
+47	O
22	O
42	O
50	O
41	O

Finnish	B-MISC
April	O
trade	O
surplus	O
3.8	O
billion	O
markka	O
-	O
NCB	B-ORG
.	O

Finland	B-LOC
's	O
trade	O
surplus	O
rose	O
to	O
3.83	O
billion	O
markka	O
in	O
April	O
from	O
3.43	O
billion	O
in	O
March	O
,	O
the	O
National	B-ORG
Customs	I-ORG
Board	I-ORG
(	O
NCB	B-ORG
)	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
value	O
of	O
exports	O
fell	O
one	O
percent	O
year-on-year	O
in	O
April	O
and	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
imports	O
fell	O
two	O
percent	O
,	O
NCB	B-ORG
said	O
.	O

The	O
Bank	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Finland	I-ORG
earlier	O
estimated	O
the	O
April	O
trade	O
surplus	O
at	O
3.2	O
billion	O
markka	O
with	O
exports	O
projected	O
at	O
14.5	O
billion	O
and	O
imports	O
at	O
11.3	O
billion	O
.	O

The	O
NCB	B-ORG
's	O
official	O
monthly	O
trade	O
statistics	O
are	O
lagging	O
behind	O
due	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
customs	O
procedures	O
when	O
Finland	B-LOC
joined	O
the	O
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
at	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
1995	O
.	O

--	O
Helsinki	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+358	O
-	O
0	O
-	O
680	O
50	O
245	O

Dutch	B-MISC
state	O
raises	O
tap	O
sale	O
price	O
to	O
99.95	O
.	O

The	O
Finance	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
raised	O
the	O
price	O
for	O
tap	O
sales	O
of	O
the	O
Dutch	B-MISC
government	O
's	O
new	O
5.75	O
percent	O
bond	O
due	O
September	O
2002	O
to	O
99.95	O
from	O
99.90	O
.	O

Tap	O
sales	O
began	O
on	O
Monday	O
and	O
are	O
being	O
held	O
daily	O
from	O
07.00	O
GMT	B-MISC
to	O
15.00	O
GMT	B-MISC
until	O
further	O
notice	O
.	O

--	O
Amsterdam	B-LOC
newsroom	O
+31	O
20	O
504	O
5000	O

German	B-MISC
farm	O
ministry	O
tells	O
consumers	O
to	O
avoid	O
British	B-MISC
mutton	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
's	O
Agriculture	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
suggested	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
consumers	O
avoid	O
eating	O
meat	O
from	O
British	B-MISC
sheep	O
until	O
scientists	O
determine	O
whether	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
can	O
be	O
transmitted	O
to	O
the	O
animals	O
.	O

"	O
Until	O
this	O
is	O
cleared	O
up	O
by	O
the	O
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
's	O
scientific	O
panels	O
--	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
asked	O
this	O
to	O
be	O
done	O
as	O
quickly	O
as	O
possible	O
--	O
(	O
consumers	O
)	O
should	O
if	O
at	O
all	O
possible	O
give	O
preference	O
to	O
sheepmeat	O
from	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
"	O
ministry	O
official	O
Werner	B-PER
Zwingmann	I-PER
told	O
ZDF	B-ORG
television	O
.	O

Bonn	B-LOC
has	O
led	O
efforts	O
to	O
ensure	O
consumer	O
protection	O
tops	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
priorities	O
in	O
dealing	O
with	O
the	O
mad	O
cow	O
crisis	O
,	O
which	O
erupted	O
in	O
March	O
when	O
Britain	B-LOC
acknowledged	O
humans	O
could	O
contract	O
a	O
similar	O
illness	O
by	O
eating	O
contaminated	O
beef	O
.	O

The	O
European	B-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
agreed	O
this	O
month	O
to	O
rethink	O
a	O
proposal	O
to	O
ban	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
suspect	O
sheep	O
tissue	O
after	O
some	O
EU	B-ORG
veterinary	O
experts	O
questioned	O
whether	O
it	O
was	O
justified	O
.	O

EU	B-ORG
Farm	O
Commissioner	O
Franz	B-PER
Fischler	I-PER
had	O
proposed	O
banning	O
sheep	O
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
food	O
chains	O
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	B-LOC
and	O
France	B-LOC
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	B-MISC
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

But	O
some	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
EU	B-ORG
's	O
standing	O
veterinary	O
committee	O
questioned	O
whether	O
the	O
action	O
was	O
necessary	O
given	O
the	O
slight	O
risk	O
to	O
human	O
health	O
.	O

The	O
question	O
is	O
being	O
studied	O
separately	O
by	O
two	O
EU	B-ORG
scientific	O
committees	O
.	O

Sheep	O
have	O
long	O
been	O
known	O
to	O
contract	O
scrapie	O
,	O
a	O
similar	O
brain-wasting	O
disease	O
to	O
BSE	B-MISC
which	O
is	O
believed	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
transferred	O
to	O
cattle	O
through	O
feed	O
containing	O
animal	O
waste	O
.	O

ZDF	B-ORG
said	O
Germany	B-LOC
imported	O
47,600	O
sheep	O
from	O
Britain	B-LOC
last	O
year	O
,	O
nearly	O
half	O
of	O
total	O
imports	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
British	B-MISC
government	O
admitted	O
a	O
possible	O
link	O
between	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
and	O
its	O
fatal	O
human	O
equivalent	O
,	O
the	O
EU	B-ORG
imposed	O
a	O
worldwide	O
ban	O
on	O
British	O
beef	O
exports	O
.	O

EU	B-ORG
leaders	O
agreed	O
at	O
a	O
summit	O
in	O
June	O
to	O
a	O
progressive	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
ban	O
as	O
Britain	B-LOC
takes	O
parallel	O
measures	O
to	O
eradicate	O
the	O
disease	O
.	O

GOLF	O
-	O
SCORES	O
AT	O
WORLD	B-MISC
SERIES	I-MISC
OF	I-MISC
GOLF	I-MISC
.	O

AKRON	O
,	O
Ohio	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

million	O
NEC	B-MISC
World	I-MISC
Series	I-MISC
of	I-MISC
Golf	I-MISC
after	O
the	O
first	O
round	O

Thursday	O
at	O
the	O
7,149	O
yard	O
,	O
par	O
70	O
Firestone	B-LOC
C.C	I-LOC
course	O

(	O
players	O
U.S.	B-LOC
unless	O
stated	O
)	O
:	O

66	O
Paul	B-PER
Goydos	I-PER
,	O
Billy	B-PER
Mayfair	I-PER
,	O
Hidemichi	O
Tanaka	O
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O

68	O
Steve	B-PER
Stricker	I-PER

69	O
Justin	O
Leonard	O
,	O
Mark	B-PER
Brooks	I-PER

70	O
Tim	O
Herron	O
,	O
Duffy	B-PER
Waldorf	I-PER
,	O
Davis	B-PER
Love	I-PER
,	O
Anders	B-PER
Forsbrand	I-PER

(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Nick	B-PER
Faldo	I-PER
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
,	O
John	O
Cook	O
,	O
Steve	B-PER
Jones	I-PER
,	O
Phil	O

Mickelson	O
,	O
Greg	B-PER
Norman	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O

71	O
Ernie	B-PER
Els	I-PER
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
,	O
Scott	O
Hoch	O

72	O
Clarence	B-PER
Rose	I-PER
,	O
Loren	B-PER
Roberts	I-PER
,	O
Fred	B-PER
Funk	I-PER
,	O
Sven	B-PER
Struver	I-PER

(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Alexander	B-PER
Cejka	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Hal	B-PER
Sutton	I-PER
,	O
Tom	B-PER
Lehman	I-PER

73	O
D.A.	B-PER
Weibring	I-PER
,	O
Brad	B-PER
Bryant	I-PER
,	O
Craig	B-PER
Parry	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

Stewart	B-PER
Ginn	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Corey	B-PER
Pavin	I-PER
,	O
Craig	B-PER
Stadler	I-PER
,	O
Mark	B-PER

O'Meara	B-PER
,	O
Fred	O
Couples	O

74	O
Paul	B-PER
Stankowski	I-PER
,	O
Costantino	B-PER
Rocca	I-PER
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O

75	O
Jim	B-PER
Furyk	I-PER
,	O
Satoshi	B-PER
Higashi	I-PER
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
,	O
Willie	B-PER
Wood	I-PER
,	O
Shigeki	B-PER

Maruyama	O
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O

76	O
Scott	B-PER
McCarron	I-PER

77	O
Wayne	B-PER
Westner	I-PER
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
,	O
Steve	B-PER
Schneiter	I-PER

79	O
Tom	B-PER
Watson	I-PER

81	O
Seiki	B-PER
Okuda	I-PER
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
GLORIA	B-ORG
BISTRITA	I-ORG
BEAT	O
2-1	O
F.C.	B-ORG
VALLETTA	I-ORG
.	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
(	O
Romania	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
2-1	O
(	O
halftime	O
1-1	O
)	O
F.C.	B-ORG
Valletta	I-ORG
(	O
Malta	B-LOC
)	O
in	O
their	O
Cup	B-MISC
winners	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
match	O
,	O
second	O
leg	O
of	O
the	O
preliminary	O
round	O
,	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
-	O
Ilie	B-PER
Lazar	I-PER
(	O
32nd	O
)	O
,	O
Eugen	B-PER
Voica	I-PER
(	O
84th	O
)	O

F.C.	O
La	O
Valletta	O
-	O
Gilbert	B-PER
Agius	I-PER
(	O
24th	O
)	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
won	O
4-2	O
on	O
aggregate	O
and	O
qualified	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
Cup	B-MISC
winners	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
.	O

HORSE	O
RACING	O
-	O
PIVOTAL	B-PER
ENDS	O
25-YEAR	O
WAIT	O
FOR	O
TRAINER	O
PRESCOTT	B-PER
.	O

YORK	B-LOC
,	O
England	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

Sir	O
Mark	B-PER
Prescott	I-PER
landed	O
his	O
first	O
group	O
one	O
victory	O
in	O
25	O
years	O
as	O
a	O
trainer	O
when	O
his	O
top	O
sprinter	O
Pivotal	B-PER
,	O
a	O
100-30	O
chance	O
,	O
won	O
the	O
Nunthorpe	B-MISC
Stakes	I-MISC
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
three-year-old	O
,	O
partnered	O
by	O
veteran	O
George	B-PER
Duffield	I-PER
,	O
snatched	O
a	O
short	O
head	O
verdict	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
stride	O
to	O
deny	O
Eveningperformance	B-PER
(	O
16-1	O
)	O
,	O
trained	O
by	O
Henry	B-PER
Candy	I-PER
and	O
ridden	O
by	O
Chris	B-PER
Rutter	I-PER
.	O

Hever	B-PER
Golf	I-PER
Rose	I-PER
(	O
11-4	O
)	O
,	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
Prix	B-MISC
de	I-MISC
l	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
Abbaye	I-MISC
winner	O
at	O
Longchamp	B-LOC
,	O
finished	O
third	O
,	O
a	O
further	O
one	O
and	O
a	O
quarter	O
lengths	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
7-4	O
favourite	O
Mind	B-PER
Games	I-PER
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

Pivotal	B-PER
,	O
a	O
Royal	B-PER
Ascot	I-PER
winner	O
in	O
June	O
,	O
may	O
now	O
be	O
aimed	O
at	O
this	O
season	O
's	O
Abbaye	B-MISC
,	O
Europe	B-LOC
's	O
top	O
sprint	O
race	O
.	O

Prescott	B-PER
,	O
reluctant	O
to	O
go	O
into	O
the	O
winner	O
's	O
enclosure	O
until	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
photo-finish	O
was	O
announced	O
,	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
Twenty-five	O
years	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
been	O
there	O
so	O
I	O
thought	O
I	O
had	O
better	O
wait	O
a	O
bit	O
longer	O
.	O
"	O

He	O
added	O
:	O
"	O
It	O
's	O
very	O
sad	O
to	O
beat	O
Henry	B-PER
Candy	I-PER
because	O
I	O
am	O
godfather	O
to	O
his	O
daughter	O
.	O
"	O

Like	O
Prescott	B-PER
,	O
Jack	B-PER
Berry	I-PER
,	O
trainer	O
of	O
Mind	B-PER
Games	I-PER
,	O
had	O
gone	O
into	O
Thursday	O
's	O
race	O
in	O
search	O
of	O
a	O
first	O
group	O
one	O
success	O
after	O
many	O
years	O
around	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
his	O
profession	O
.	O

Berry	B-PER
said	O
:	O
"	O
I`m	O
disappointed	O
but	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
suicidal	O
.	O

He	O
(	O
Mind	B-PER
Games	I-PER
)	O
was	O
going	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
any	O
of	O
them	O
one	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
furlongs	O
(	O
300	O
metres	O
)	O
out	O
but	O
he	O
just	O
did	O
n't	O
quicken	O
.	O
"	O

Result	O
of	O
the	O
Nunthorpe	B-MISC
Stakes	I-MISC
,	O
a	O
group	O
one	O
race	O
for	O
two-year-olds	O
and	O
upwards	O
,	O
run	O
over	O
five	O
furlongs	O
(	O
1	O
km	O
)	O
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O

2.	O
Eveningperformance	B-PER
16-1	O
(	O
Chris	B-PER
Rutter	I-PER
)	O

3.	O
Hever	B-PER
Golf	I-PER
Rose	I-PER
11-4	O
(	O
Jason	O
Weaver	O
)	O

Favourite	O
:	O
Mind	B-PER
Games	I-PER
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
finished	O
4th	O

Winner	O
owned	O
by	O
the	O
Cheveley	B-ORG
Park	I-ORG
Stud	I-ORG
and	O
trained	O
by	O
Sir	O

Mark	B-PER
Prescott	I-PER
at	O
Newmarket	B-LOC
.	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
RESULTS	O
AT	O
TOSHIBA	B-MISC
CLASSIC	I-MISC
.	O

CARLSBAD	B-LOC
,	O
California	B-LOC
1996-08-21	O

$	O
450,000	O
Toshiba	B-MISC
Classic	I-MISC
tennis	O
tournament	O
on	O
Wednesday	O

1	O
-	O
Arantxa	B-PER
Sanchez	I-PER
Vicario	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Naoko	B-PER
Kijimuta	I-PER
(	O
Japan	O
)	O

4	O
-	O
Kimiko	B-PER
Date	I-PER
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Yone	B-PER
Kamio	I-PER
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O
6-2	O
7-5	O

Sandrine	B-PER
Testud	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
7	O
-	O
Ai	B-PER
Sugiyama	I-PER
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
4-6	O

8	O
-	O
Nathalie	B-PER
Tauziat	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Shi-Ting	B-PER
Wang	I-PER
(	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
)	O
6-4	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
RESULTS	O
AT	O
HAMLET	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
.	O

COMMACK	B-LOC
,	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
1996-08-21	O

Waldbaum	B-MISC
Hamlet	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
tennis	O
tournament	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
(	O
prefix	O

1	O
-	O
Michael	B-PER
Chang	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Sergi	B-PER
Bruguera	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

Michael	B-PER
Joyce	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
3	O
-	O
Richey	B-PER
Reneberg	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
3-6	O
6-4	O

Martin	B-PER
Damm	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
beat	O
6	O
-	O
Younes	B-PER
El	I-PER
Aynaoui	I-PER

Karol	B-PER
Kucera	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Hicham	B-PER
Arazi	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
DALGLISH	B-PER
SAD	O
OVER	O
BLACKBURN	B-ORG
PARTING	O
.	O

Kenny	B-PER
Dalglish	I-PER
spoke	O
on	O
Thursday	O
of	O
his	O
sadness	O
at	O
leaving	O
Blackburn	B-ORG
,	O
the	O
club	O
he	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
English	B-MISC
premier	O
league	O
title	O
in	O
1994-95	O
.	O

Blackburn	B-ORG
announced	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
they	O
and	O
Dalglish	B-PER
had	O
parted	O
by	O
mutual	O
consent	O
.	O

But	O
the	O
ex-manager	O
confessed	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
being	O
"	O
sad	O
"	O
at	O
leaving	O
after	O
taking	O
Blackburn	B-ORG
from	O
the	O
second	O
division	O
to	O
the	O
premier	O
league	O
title	O
inside	O
three	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
years	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
telephone	O
call	O
to	O
a	O
local	O
newspaper	O
from	O
his	O
holiday	O
home	O
in	O
Spain	B-LOC
,	O
Dalglish	B-PER
said	O
:	O
"	O
We	O
came	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
opinion	O
,	O
albeit	O
the	O
club	O
came	O
to	O
it	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
earlier	O
than	O
me	O
.	O
"	O

Dalglish	B-PER
had	O
been	O
with	O
Blackburn	B-ORG
for	O
nearly	O
five	O
years	O
,	O
first	O
as	O
manager	O
and	O
then	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
past	O
15	O
months	O
,	O
as	O
director	O
of	O
football	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLISH	B-MISC
COUNTY	I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP	I-MISC
SCORES	O
.	O

English	B-MISC
County	O
Championship	O
cricket	O
matches	O
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O

At	O
Weston-super-Mare	B-LOC
:	O
Durham	O
326	O
(	O
D.	B-PER
Cox	I-PER
95	O
not	O
out	O
,	O

S.	B-PER
Campbell	I-PER
69	O
;	O
G.	B-PER
Rose	I-PER
7-73	O
)	O
.	O

Somerset	O
236-4	O
(	O
M.	B-PER
Lathwell	I-PER
85	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
Colchester	B-LOC
:	O
Gloucestershire	B-ORG
280	O
(	O
J.	B-PER
Russell	I-PER
63	O
,	O
A.	B-PER
Symonds	I-PER

Essex	B-ORG
72-0	O
.	O

At	O
Cardiff	B-LOC
:	O
Kent	B-ORG
128-1	O
(	O
M.	B-PER
Walker	I-PER
59	O
,	O
D.	B-PER
Fulton	I-PER
53	O
not	O
out	O
)	O
v	O

Glamorgan	B-ORG
.	O

At	O
Leicester	B-LOC
:	O
Leicestershire	B-ORG
343-8	O
(	O
P.	O
Simmons	O
108	O
,	O
P.	B-PER
Nixon	I-PER

At	O
Northampton	B-LOC
:	O
Sussex	B-ORG
368-7	O
(	O
N.	B-PER
Lenham	I-PER
145	O
,	O
V.	B-PER
Drakes	I-PER
59	O
not	O

out	O
,	O
A.	B-PER
Wells	I-PER
51	O
)	O
v	O
Northamptonshire	B-ORG
.	O

At	O
Trent	B-LOC
Bridge	I-LOC
:	O
Nottinghamshire	B-ORG
392-6	O
(	O
G.	B-PER
Archer	I-PER
143	O
not	O

out	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Dowman	I-PER
107	O
)	O
v	O
Surrey	B-ORG
.	O

At	O
Worcester	B-LOC
:	O
Warwickshire	O
255-9	O
(	O
A.	B-PER
Giles	I-PER
57	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
W.	B-PER
Khan	I-PER

52	O
)	O
v	O
Worcestershire	B-ORG
.	O

At	O
Headingley	B-LOC
:	O
Yorkshire	B-ORG
305-5	O
(	O
C.	B-PER
White	I-PER
66	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
M.	O
Moxon	O

66	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Vaughan	I-PER
57	O
)	O
v	O
Lancashire	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
V	O
PAKISTAN	B-LOC
FINAL	O
TEST	O
SCOREBOARD	O
.	O

third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
between	O
England	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
at	O
The	B-LOC
Oval	I-LOC
on	O

England	B-LOC
first	O
innings	O

M.	B-PER
Atherton	I-PER
b	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
31	O

A.	B-PER
Stewart	I-PER
b	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
44	O

N.	B-PER
Hussain	I-PER
c	O
Saeed	B-PER
Anwar	I-PER
b	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
12	O

G.	B-PER
Thorpe	I-PER
lbw	O
b	O
Mohammad	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
54	O

J.	B-PER
Crawley	I-PER
not	O
out	O
94	O

N.	B-PER
Knight	I-PER
b	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
17	O

C.	B-PER
Lewis	I-PER
b	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
5	O

To	O
bat	O
:	O
R.	B-PER
Croft	I-PER
,	O
D.	B-PER
Cork	I-PER
,	O
A.	O
Mullally	O

Bowling	O
(	O
to	O
date	O
)	O
:	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
25-8-61-1	O
,	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O

20-6-70-2	O
,	O
Mohammad	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
12-1-41-1	O
,	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
27-5-78-2	O
,	O

Pakistan	B-LOC
:	O
Aamir	B-PER
Sohail	I-PER
,	O
Saeed	B-PER
Anwar	I-PER
,	O
Ijaz	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
,	O

Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	B-PER
Malik	I-PER
,	O
Asif	B-PER
Mujtaba	I-PER
,	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
,	O
Moin	B-PER

Khan	O
,	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
,	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
,	O
Mohammad	O
Akam	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
FERGUSON	B-PER
BACK	O
IN	O
SCOTTISH	B-MISC
SQUAD	O
AFTER	O
20	O
MONTHS	O
.	O

Everton	B-ORG
's	O
Duncan	B-PER
Ferguson	I-PER
,	O
who	O
scored	O
twice	O
against	O
Manchester	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
was	O
picked	O
on	O
Thursday	O
for	O
the	O
Scottish	B-MISC
squad	O
after	O
a	O
20-month	O
exile	O
.	O

Glasgow	B-ORG
Rangers	I-ORG
striker	O
Ally	B-PER
McCoist	I-PER
,	O
another	O
man	O
in	O
form	O
after	O
two	O
hat-tricks	O
in	O
four	O
days	O
,	O
was	O
also	O
named	O
for	O
the	O
August	O
31	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
qualifier	O
against	O
Austria	B-LOC
in	O
Vienna	B-LOC
.	O

Ferguson	B-PER
,	O
who	O
served	O
six	O
weeks	O
in	O
jail	O
in	O
late	O
1995	O
for	O
head-butting	O
an	O
opponent	O
,	O
won	O
the	O
last	O
of	O
his	O
five	O
Scotland	B-LOC
caps	O
in	O
December	O
1994	O
.	O

Scotland	B-LOC
manager	O
Craig	B-PER
Brown	I-PER
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
've	O
watched	O
Duncan	B-PER
Ferguson	I-PER
in	O
action	O
twice	O
recently	O
and	O
he	O
's	O
bang	O
in	O
form	O
.	O

Ally	B-PER
McCoist	I-PER
is	O
also	O
in	O
great	O
scoring	O
form	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
.	O
"	O

Celtic	B-ORG
's	O
Jackie	B-PER
McNamara	I-PER
,	O
who	O
did	O
well	O
with	O
last	O
season	O
's	O
successful	O
under-21	O
team	O
,	O
earns	O
a	O
call-up	O
to	O
the	O
senior	O
squad	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
100-2	O
AT	O
LUNCH	O
ON	O
FIRST	O
DAY	O
OF	O
THIRD	O
TEST	O
.	O

England	B-LOC
were	O
100	O
for	O
two	O
at	O
lunch	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
against	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
at	O
The	B-LOC
Oval	I-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
KEANE	B-PER
SIGNS	O
FOUR-YEAR	O
CONTRACT	O
WITH	O
MANCHESTER	B-LOC
UNITED	I-LOC
.	O

Ireland	B-LOC
midfielder	O
Roy	B-PER
Keane	I-PER
has	O
signed	O
a	O
new	O
four-year	O
contract	O
with	O
English	B-MISC
league	O
and	O
F.A.	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
champions	O
Manchester	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
.	O

"	O
Roy	B-PER
agreed	O
a	O
new	O
deal	O
before	O
last	O
night	O
's	O
game	O
against	O
Everton	B-ORG
and	O
we	O
are	O
delighted	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
United	B-ORG
manager	O
Alex	B-PER
Ferguson	I-PER
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
RESULTS	O
AT	O
CANADIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

Results	O
from	O
the	O
Canadian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC

Daniel	B-PER
Nestor	I-PER
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
beat	O
1	O
-	O
Thomas	B-PER
Muster	I-PER
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
7-5	O

Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
2	O
-	O
Goran	B-PER
Ivanisevic	I-PER
(	O
Croatia	B-LOC
)	O

3	O
-	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Jiri	B-PER
Novak	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC

Republic	B-LOC
)	O
7-5	O
6-3	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	B-PER
Rios	I-PER
(	O
Chile	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Kenneth	B-PER
Carlsen	I-PER
(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

6	O
-	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Alex	B-PER
Corretja	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
6-4	O

7	O
-	O
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Renzo	O
Furlan	O
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-3	O
)	O
6-3	O

Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
beat	O
8	O
-	O
Marc	B-PER
Rosset	I-PER

9	O
-	O
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Gregory	B-PER
Carraz	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O

Patrick	B-PER
Rafter	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
11	O
-	O
Alberto	B-PER
Berasategui	I-PER

(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
6-1	O
6-2	O

Petr	B-PER
Korda	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
beat	O
12	O
-	O
Francisco	O
Clavet	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
beat	O
13	O
-	O
Jason	B-PER
Stoltenberg	I-PER

(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
5-7	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-1	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
13-11	O
)	O

Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
beat	O
Sebastien	B-PER
Lareau	I-PER
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O

Alex	O
O'Brien	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Byron	B-PER
Black	I-PER
(	O
Zimbabwe	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
6-2	O

Bohdan	B-PER
Ulihrach	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Andrea	B-PER
Gaudenzi	I-PER
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O

Tim	B-PER
Henman	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Chris	B-PER
Woodruff	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
walkover	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
MILLNS	B-PER
SIGNS	O
FOR	O
BOLAND	B-ORG
.	O

South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
provincial	O
side	O
Boland	B-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
they	O
had	O
signed	O
Leicestershire	B-ORG
fast	O
bowler	O
David	B-PER
Millns	I-PER
on	O
a	O
one	O
year	O
contract	O
.	O

Millns	B-MISC
,	O
who	O
toured	O
Australia	B-LOC
with	O
England	B-LOC
A	O
in	O
1992/93	O
,	O
replaces	O
former	O
England	B-LOC
all-rounder	O
Phillip	B-PER
DeFreitas	I-PER
as	O
Boland	B-ORG
's	O
overseas	O
professional	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
EUROPEAN	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
WINNERS	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
RESULTS	O
.	O

Results	O
of	O
European	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
Winners	I-MISC
'	I-MISC

Cup	B-MISC
qualifying	O
round	O
,	O
second	O
leg	O
soccer	O
matches	O
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O

In	O
Tirana	B-LOC
:	O
Flamurtari	B-ORG
Vlore	I-ORG
(	O
Albania	B-LOC
)	O
0	O
Chemlon	B-ORG
Humenne	I-ORG

(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
(	O
halftime	O
0-0	O
)	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Lubarskij	B-PER
(	O
50th	O
minute	O
)	O
,	O
Valkucak	B-PER
(	O
54th	O
)	O

Chemlon	B-ORG
Humenne	I-ORG
win	O
3-0	O
on	O
aggregate	O

In	O
Bistrita	B-LOC
:	O
Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
(	O
Romania	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
Valletta	B-LOC
(	O
Malta	B-LOC
)	O
1	O

Valletta	O
-	O
Gilbert	B-PER
Agius	I-PER
(	O
24th	O
)	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
win	O
4-2	O
on	O
aggregate	O
.	O

In	O
Chorzow	O
:	O
Ruch	B-ORG
Chorzow	I-ORG
(	O
Poland	B-LOC
)	O
5	O
Llansantffraid	B-ORG
(	O
Wales	B-LOC
)	O
0	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Arkadiusz	B-PER
Bak	I-PER
(	O
1st	O
and	O
55th	O
)	O
,	O
Arwel	O
Jones	O
(	O
47th	O
,	O

own	O
goal	O
)	O
,	O
Miroslav	B-PER
Bak	I-PER
(	O
62nd	O
and	O
63rd	O
)	O

In	O
Larnaca	B-LOC
:	O
AEK	B-ORG
Larnaca	I-ORG
(	O
Cyprus	B-LOC
)	O
5	O
Kotaik	O
Abovyan	O
(	O
Armenia	B-LOC
)	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Zoran	B-PER
Kundic	I-PER
(	O
28th	O
)	O
,	O
Klimis	B-PER
Alexandrou	I-PER
(	O
41st	O
)	O
,	O

Milenko	B-PER
Kovasevic	I-PER
(	O
60th	O
,	O
penalty	O
)	O
,	O
Goran	O
Koprinovic	O
(	O
82nd	O
)	O
,	O

Pavlos	B-PER
Markou	I-PER
(	O
84th	O
)	O

AEK	B-ORG
Larnaca	I-ORG
win	O
5-1	O
on	O
aggregate	O

In	O
Siauliai	B-LOC
:	O
Kareda	B-ORG
Siauliai	I-ORG
(	O
Lithuania	O
)	O
0	O
Sion	B-ORG

Sion	B-ORG
win	O
4-2	O
on	O
agrregate	O
.	O

Nyva	B-ORG
Vinnytsya	I-ORG
(	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
Tallinna	B-ORG
Sadam	I-ORG
(	O
Estonia	O
)	O
0	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

In	O
Bergen	B-LOC
:	O
Brann	B-ORG
(	O
Norway	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
Shelbourne	B-ORG
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
(	O
1-1	O
)	O

Brann	B-ORG
-	O
Mons	B-PER
Ivar	I-PER
Mjelde	I-PER
(	O
10th	O
)	O
,	O
Jan	B-PER
Ove	I-PER
Pedersen	I-PER
(	O
72nd	O
)	O

Shelbourne	B-ORG
-	O
Mark	O
Rutherford	O
(	O
5th	O
)	O

Brann	B-ORG
win	O
5-2	O
on	O
aggregate	O

In	O
Sofia	B-LOC
:	O
Levski	B-ORG
Sofia	I-ORG
(	O
Bulgaria	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
Olimpija	B-ORG
(	O
Slovenia	B-LOC
)	O
0	O

Olimpija	B-ORG
won	O
4-3	O
on	O
penalties	O
.	O

In	O
Vaduz	B-LOC
:	O
Vaduz	B-LOC
(	O
Liechtenstein	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
RAF	B-ORG
Riga	I-ORG
(	O
Latvia	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

Vaduz	B-LOC
-	O
Daniele	B-PER
Polverino	I-PER
(	O
90th	O
)	O

RAF	B-ORG
Riga	I-ORG
-	O
Agrins	B-PER
Zarins	I-PER
(	O
47th	O
)	O

Vaduz	B-LOC
won	O
4-2	O
on	O
penalties	O
.	O

In	O
Luxembourg	B-LOC
:	O
US	B-ORG
Luxembourg	I-ORG
(	O
Luxembourg	B-LOC
)	O
0	O
Varteks	B-ORG
Varazdin	I-ORG

(	O
Croatia	B-LOC
)	O
3	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Drazen	B-PER
Beser	I-PER
(	O
63rd	O
)	O
,	O
Miljenko	B-PER
Mumler	I-PER
(	O
penalty	O
,	O

78th	O
)	O
,	O
Jamir	B-PER
Cvetko	I-PER
(	O
87th	O
)	O

Varteks	B-ORG
Varazdin	I-ORG
win	O
5-1	O
on	O
aggregate	O
.	O

In	O
Torshavn	B-LOC
:	O
Havnar	B-ORG
Boltfelag	I-ORG
(	O
Faroe	B-LOC
Islands	I-LOC
)	O
0	O
Dynamo	B-ORG

Batumi	B-ORG
(	O
Georgia	B-LOC
)	O
3	O
(	O
0-2	O
)	O

In	O
Prague	B-LOC
:	O
Sparta	B-ORG
Prague	I-ORG
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
8	O
Glentoran	B-ORG

(	O
Northern	B-LOC
Ireland	I-LOC
)	O
0	O
(	O
4-0	O
)	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Petr	B-PER
Gunda	I-PER
(	O
1st	O
and	O
26th	O
)	O
,	O
Lumir	B-PER
Mistr	I-PER
(	O
19th	O
)	O
,	O

Horst	B-PER
Siegl	I-PER
(	O
24th	O
,	O
48th	O
,	O
80th	O
)	O
,	O
Zdenek	B-PER
Svoboda	I-PER
(	O
76th	O
)	O
,	O
Petr	B-PER

Gabriel	B-PER
(	O
86th	O
)	O

Sparta	B-ORG
win	O
10-1	O
on	O
aggregate	O
.	O

In	O
Edinburgh	B-LOC
:	O
Hearts	B-ORG
(	O
Scotland	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
Red	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
Belgrade	I-ORG

Hearts	B-ORG
-	O
Dave	B-PER
McPherson	I-PER
(	O
44th	O
)	O

Red	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
-	O
Vinko	B-MISC
Marinovic	I-MISC
(	O
59th	O
)	O

Red	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
win	O
on	O
away	O
goals	O
rule	O
.	O

In	O
Rishon-Lezion	B-LOC
:	O
Hapoel	B-ORG
Ironi	I-ORG
(	O
Israel	B-LOC
)	O
3	O
Constructorul	B-ORG

Chisinau	B-ORG
(	O
Moldova	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
(	O
2-1	O
)	O

Constructorul	B-ORG
win	O
on	O
away	O
goals	O
rule	O
.	O

In	O
Anjalonkoski	B-MISC
:	O
MyPa-47	B-ORG
(	O
Finland	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
Karabach	B-ORG
Agdam	I-ORG

Mypa-47	B-ORG
win	O
2-1	O
on	O
aggregate	O
.	O

In	O
Skopje	B-LOC
:	O
Sloga	B-ORG
Jugomagnat	I-ORG
(	O
Macedonia	B-LOC
)	O
0	O
Kispest	O
Honved	O

(	O
Hungary	B-LOC
1	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

Kispest	B-ORG
Honved	I-ORG
win	O
2-0	O
on	O
aggregate	O
.	O

Add	B-ORG
Hapoel	I-ORG
Ironi	I-ORG
v	O
Constructorul	B-ORG
Chisinau	I-ORG

Rishon	B-ORG
-	O
Moshe	B-PER
Sabag	I-PER
(	O
10th	O
minute	O
)	O
,	O
Nissan	O
Kapeta	O
(	O
26th	O
)	O
,	O

Tomas	B-PER
Cibola	I-PER
(	O
58th	O
)	O
.	O

Constructorol	B-ORG
-	O
Sergei	B-PER
Rogachev	I-PER
(	O
42nd	O
)	O
,	O
Gennadi	B-PER
Skidan	I-PER

SOCCER	O
-	O
GOTHENBURG	B-LOC
PUT	O
FERENCVAROS	B-ORG
OUT	O
OF	O
EURO	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
.	O

IFK	B-ORG
Gothenburg	I-ORG
of	O
Sweden	B-LOC
drew	O
1-1	O
(	O
1-0	O
)	O
with	O
Ferencvaros	B-ORG
of	O
Hungary	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
second	O
leg	O
of	O
their	O
European	B-MISC
Champions	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
preliminary	O
round	O
tie	O
played	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Gothenburg	B-LOC
go	O
through	O
4-1	O
on	O
aggregate	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
BRAZILIAN	B-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP	O
RESULTS	O
.	O

matches	O
in	O
the	O
Brazilian	B-MISC
soccer	O
championship	O
.	O

Bahia	B-ORG
2	O
Atletico	B-ORG
Paranaense	I-ORG
0	O

Corinthians	B-ORG
1	O
Guarani	O
0	O

Coritiba	B-ORG
1	O
Atletico	B-ORG
Mineiro	I-ORG
0	O

Cruzeiro	B-ORG
2	O
Vitoria	O
1	O

Flamengo	B-ORG
0	O
Juventude	B-ORG
1	O

Goias	B-ORG
3	O
Sport	B-ORG
Recife	I-ORG
1	O

Gremio	B-ORG
6	O
Bragantino	B-ORG
1	O

Palmeiras	B-ORG
3	O
Vasco	B-ORG
da	I-ORG
Gama	I-ORG
1	O

Portuguesa	B-ORG
2	O
Parana	O
0	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
NEWCOMBE	B-PER
PONDERS	O
HIS	O
DAVIS	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
FUTURE	O
.	O

Australian	B-MISC
Davis	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
captain	O
John	B-PER
Newcombe	I-PER
on	O
Thursday	O
signalled	O
his	O
possible	O
resignation	O
if	O
his	O
team	O
loses	O
an	O
away	O
tie	O
against	O
Croatia	B-LOC
next	O
month	O
.	O

The	O
former	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
champion	O
said	O
the	O
immediate	O
future	O
of	O
Australia	B-LOC
's	O
Davis	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
coach	O
Tony	B-PER
Roche	I-PER
could	O
also	O
be	O
determined	O
by	O
events	O
in	O
Split	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
If	O
we	O
lose	O
this	O
one	O
,	O
Tony	B-PER
and	O
I	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
good	O
look	O
at	O
giving	O
someone	O
else	O
a	O
go	O
,	O
"	O
Newcombe	B-PER
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	O
in	O
Sydney	B-LOC
's	O
Daily	B-ORG
Telegraph	I-ORG
newspaper	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
face	O
Croatia	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
world	O
group	O
qualifying	O
tie	O
on	O
clay	O
from	O
September	O
20-22	O
.	O

Under	O
Newcombe	B-PER
's	O
leadership	O
,	O
Australia	B-LOC
were	O
relegated	O
from	O
the	O
elite	O
world	O
group	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
the	O
26-time	O
Davis	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
winners	O
had	O
slipped	O
from	O
the	O
top	O
rank	O
.	O

Since	O
taking	O
over	O
as	O
captain	O
from	O
Neale	B-PER
Fraser	I-PER
in	O
1994	O
,	O
Newcombe	B-PER
's	O
record	O
in	O
tandem	O
with	O
Roche	B-PER
,	O
his	O
former	O
doubles	O
partner	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
three	O
wins	O
and	O
three	O
losses	O
.	O

Newcombe	B-PER
has	O
selected	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
semifinalist	O
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
Patrick	B-PER
Rafter	I-PER
,	O
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
,	O
and	O
Olympic	B-MISC
doubles	O
champions	O
Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
and	O
Mark	B-PER
Woodforde	I-PER
to	O
face	O
the	O
Croatians	B-MISC
.	O

The	O
home	O
side	O
boasts	O
world	O
number	O
six	O
Goran	B-PER
Ivanisevic	I-PER
,	O
and	O
Newcombe	B-PER
conceded	O
his	O
players	O
would	O
be	O
hard-pressed	O
to	O
beat	O
the	O
Croatian	B-MISC
number	O
one	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
ready	O
to	O
fight	O
to	O
our	O
last	O
breath	O
--	O
Australia	B-LOC
must	O
play	O
at	O
its	O
absolute	O
best	O
to	O
win	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Newcombe	B-PER
,	O
who	O
described	O
the	O
tie	O
as	O
the	O
toughest	O
he	O
has	O
faced	O
as	O
captain	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
last	O
won	O
the	O
Davis	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
in	O
1986	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
were	O
beaten	O
finalists	O
against	O
Germany	B-LOC
three	O
years	O
ago	O
under	O
Fraser	B-PER
's	O
guidance	O
.	O

BADMINTON	O
-	O
MALAYSIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
RESULTS	O
.	O

Results	O
in	O
the	O
Malaysian	B-MISC

Open	B-MISC
badminton	O
tournament	O
on	O
Thursday	O
(	O
prefix	O
number	O
denotes	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	B-PER
Yigang	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Hwang	B-PER
Sun-ho	B-MISC
(	O
South	B-LOC
Korea	I-LOC
)	O
15-3	O

Jason	B-PER
Wong	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Abdul	B-PER
Samad	I-PER
Ismail	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
16-18	O

P.	B-PER
Kantharoopan	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
3/4	O
-	O
Jeroen	B-PER
Van	I-PER
Dijk	I-PER

(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
15-11	O
18-14	O

Wijaya	B-PER
Indra	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
5/8	O
-	O
Pang	B-PER
Chen	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
15-6	O

3/4	O
-	O
Hu	B-PER
Zhilan	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Nunung	B-PER
Subandoro	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
5-15	O

9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	B-PER
Susanto	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
1	O
-	O
Fung	B-PER
Permadi	I-PER
(	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
)	O

1	O
-	O
Wang	B-PER
Chen	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Cindana	O
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
11-3	O
1ama	B-PER
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Margit	B-PER
Borg	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
11-6	O
11-6	O

Sun	B-PER
Jian	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Marina	B-PER
Andrievskaqya	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
11-8	O
11-2	O

5/8	O
-	O
Meluawati	B-PER
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Chan	B-PER
Chia	I-PER
Fong	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
11-6	O

Gong	B-PER
Zhichao	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Liu	B-PER
Lufung	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
6-11	O
11-7	O
11-3	O

Zeng	B-PER
Yaqiong	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Li	B-PER
Feng	I-PER
(	O
New	B-LOC
Zealand	I-LOC
)	O
11-9	O
11-6	O

5/8	O
-	O
Christine	B-PER
Magnusson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Ishwari	B-PER
Boopathy	I-PER

2	O
-	O
Zhang	B-PER
Ning	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Olivia	B-PER
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
11-8	O
11-6	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
REVISED	O
MEN	O
'S	O
DRAW	O
FOR	O
U.S.	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
tennis	O
championships	O
beginning	O
Monday	O
at	O
the	O
U.S	B-LOC
.	O

National	B-LOC
Tennis	I-LOC
Centre	I-LOC
(	O
prefix	O
denotes	O
seeding	O
)	O
:	O

1	O
-	O
Pete	B-PER
Sampras	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Adrian	B-PER
Voinea	I-PER
(	O
Romania	B-LOC
)	O

Jiri	B-PER
Novak	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	O

Magnus	B-PER
Larsson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Alexander	B-PER
Volkov	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O

Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs	O
qualifier	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	O
Andrei	B-PER
Olhovskiy	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O

Mark	B-PER
Woodforde	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O

Roberto	B-PER
Carretero	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Jordi	O
Burillo	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Francisco	B-PER
Clavet	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
16	O
-	O
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

9	O
-	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	O

Karol	B-PER
Kucera	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Jonas	B-PER
Bjorkman	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	O
Christian	B-PER
Rudd	I-PER
(	O
Norway	B-LOC
)	O

Alex	B-PER
Corretja	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Byron	B-PER
Black	I-PER
(	O
Zimbabwe	O
)	O

David	B-PER
Rikl	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Hicham	B-PER
Arazi	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O

Sjeng	B-PER
Schalken	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Gilbert	B-PER
Schaller	I-PER
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O

Grant	B-PER
Stafford	I-PER
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Guy	B-PER
Forget	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

Fernando	B-PER
Meligeni	I-PER
(	O
Brazil	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
7	O
-	O
Yevgeny	B-PER
Kafelnikov	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O

4	O
-	O
Goran	B-PER
Ivanisevic	I-PER
(	O
Croatia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Andrei	B-PER
Chesnokov	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O

Scott	B-PER
Draper	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Galo	B-PER
Blanco	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Renzo	B-PER
Furlan	I-PER
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Thomas	B-PER
Johansson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O

Hendrik	B-PER
Dreekman	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Greg	B-PER
Rusedski	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O

Andrei	B-PER
Medvedev	I-PER
(	O
Ukraine	O
)	O
vs.	O
Jean-Philippe	B-PER
Fleurian	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

Jan	B-PER
Kroslak	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Chris	B-PER
Woodruff	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	O
Petr	B-PER
Korda	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O

Bohdan	B-PER
Ulihrach	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
14	O
-	O
Alberto	O
Costa	O

12	O
-	O
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Younnes	B-PER
El	I-PER
Aynaoui	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O

Andrea	B-PER
Gaudenzi	I-PER
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Shuzo	B-PER
Matsuoka	I-PER
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O

Doug	B-PER
Flach	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	O

Mats	B-PER
Wilander	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Tim	B-PER
Henman	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O

Paul	B-PER
Haarhuis	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Michael	B-PER
Joyce	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Michael	B-PER
Tebbutt	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Richey	B-PER
Reneberg	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Jonathan	B-PER
Stark	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Bernd	B-PER
Karbacher	I-PER
(	O
Germany	O
)	O

Stefan	B-PER
Edberg	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
5	O
-	O
Richard	B-PER
Krajicek	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O

6	O
-	O
Andre	B-PER
Agassi	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Mauricio	B-PER
Hadad	I-PER
(	O
Colombia	O
)	O

Marcos	B-PER
Ondruska	I-PER
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Felix	B-PER
Mantilla	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Carlos	O
Moya	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Scott	B-PER
Humphries	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Jan	B-PER
Siemerink	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Carl-Uwe	B-PER
Steeb	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O

David	B-PER
Wheaton	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Kevin	B-PER
Kim	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Nicolas	B-PER
Lapentti	I-PER
(	O
Ecuador	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Alex	O
O'Brien	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Karim	B-PER
Alami	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
11	O
-	O
MaliVai	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

13	O
-	O
Thomas	B-PER
Enqvist	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Stephane	B-PER
Simian	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

Guillaume	B-PER
Raoux	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Filip	B-PER
Dewulf	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O

Mark	O
Knowles	O
(	O
Bahamas	O
)	O
vs.	O
Marcelo	O
Filippini	O
(	O
Uruguay	B-LOC
)	O

Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	O

Kris	B-PER
Goossens	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Sergi	B-PER
Bruguera	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	O
Michael	O
Stich	O
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	O
Chuck	B-PER
Adams	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Javier	B-PER
Frana	I-PER
(	O
Argentina	O
)	O
vs.	O
3	O
-	O
Thomas	B-PER
Muster	I-PER
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O

8	O
-	O
Jim	B-PER
Courier	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Javier	B-PER
Sanchez	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Jim	B-PER
Grabb	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Sandon	B-PER
Stolle	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O

Patrick	B-PER
Rafter	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Kenneth	B-PER
Carlsen	I-PER
(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O

Jason	B-PER
Stoltenberg	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Stefano	B-PER
Pescosolido	I-PER
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O

Arnaud	B-PER
Boetsch	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Nicolas	B-PER
Pereira	I-PER
(	O
Venezuela	B-LOC
)	O

Carlos	B-PER
Costa	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Magnus	B-PER
Gustafsson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O

Jeff	B-PER
Tarango	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Alex	B-PER
Radulescu	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	O
10	O
-	O
Marcelo	B-PER
Rios	I-PER
(	O
Chile	O
)	O

15	O
-	O
Marc	O
Rosset	O
(	O
Switzerland	B-LOC
vs.	O
Jared	O
Palmer	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Martin	B-PER
Damm	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Hernan	O
Gumy	O
(	O
Argentina	B-LOC
)	O

Nicklas	B-PER
Kulti	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Jakob	B-PER
Hlasek	I-PER
(	O
Switzerland	B-LOC
)	O

Cecil	B-PER
Mamiit	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Alberto	B-PER
Berasategui	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Vince	B-PER
Spadea	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	O
Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O

David	B-PER
Prinosil	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	O
Tomas	B-PER
Carbonell	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	O
2	O
-	O
Michael	B-PER
Chang	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

BASEBALL	O
-	O
ORIOLES	B-ORG
'	O
MANAGER	O
DAVEY	B-PER
JOHNSON	I-PER
HOSPITALIZED	O
.	O

Baltimore	B-ORG
Orioles	I-ORG
manager	O
Davey	O
Johnson	O
will	O
miss	O
Thursday	O
night	O
's	O
game	O
against	O
the	O
Seattle	B-ORG
Mariners	I-ORG
after	O
being	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	O
with	O
an	O
irregular	O
heartbeat	O
.	O

The	O
53-year-old	O
Johnson	B-PER
was	O
hospitalized	O
after	O
experiencing	O
dizziness	O
.	O

"	O
He	O
is	O
in	O
no	O
danger	O
and	O
will	O
be	O
treated	O
and	O
observed	O
this	O
evening	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Orioles	B-ORG
team	O
physician	O
Dr.	O
William	B-PER
Goldiner	I-PER
,	O
adding	O
that	O
Johnson	B-PER
is	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
released	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Orioles	B-ORG
'	O
bench	O
coach	O
Andy	B-PER
Etchebarren	I-PER
will	O
manage	O
the	O
club	O
in	O
Johnson	B-PER
's	O
absence	O
.	O

Johnson	B-PER
is	O
the	O
second	O
manager	O
to	O
be	O
hospitalized	O
this	O
week	O
after	O
California	B-ORG
Angels	I-ORG
skipper	O
John	B-PER
McNamara	I-PER
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
's	O
Columbia	B-LOC
Presbyterian	I-LOC
Hospital	I-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
with	O
a	O
blood	O
clot	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
calf	O
.	O

Johnson	B-PER
,	O
who	O
played	O
eight	O
seasons	O
in	O
Baltimore	B-LOC
,	O
was	O
named	O
Orioles	B-ORG
manager	O
in	O
the	O
off-season	O
replacing	O
Phil	B-PER
Regan	I-PER
.	O

He	O
led	O
the	O
Cincinnati	B-ORG
Reds	I-ORG
to	O
the	O
National	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
Championship	I-MISC
Series	I-MISC
last	O
year	O
and	O
guided	O
the	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Mets	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
World	B-MISC
Series	I-MISC
championship	O
in	O
1986	O
.	O

Baltimore	B-ORG
has	O
won	O
16	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
22	O
games	O
to	O
pull	O
within	O
five	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
slumping	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Yankees	I-ORG
in	O
the	O
American	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
East	I-MISC
Division	I-MISC
.	O

NEW	B-ORG
YORK	I-ORG
72	O
53	O
.576	O
-	O

BOSTON	B-ORG
63	O
64	O
.496	O
10	O

TORONTO	B-ORG
58	O
69	O
.457	O
15	O

CLEVELAND	B-ORG
76	O
51	O
.598	O
-	O

CHICAGO	B-ORG
69	O
59	O
.539	O
7	O
1/2	O

SEATTLE	B-ORG
64	O
61	O
.512	O
8	O

OAKLAND	B-ORG
62	O
67	O
.481	O
12	O

CALIFORNIA	B-ORG
58	O
68	O
.460	O
14	O
1/2	O

OAKLAND	B-ORG
AT	O
BOSTON	B-LOC

SEATTLE	B-ORG
AT	O
BALTIMORE	B-LOC

CALIFORNIA	B-ORG
AT	O
NEW	B-LOC
YORK	I-LOC

TORONTO	O
AT	O
CHICAGO	B-LOC

DETROIT	B-ORG
AT	O
KANSAS	B-LOC
CITY	I-LOC

TEXAS	B-ORG
AT	O
MINNESOTA	B-LOC

MONTREAL	B-ORG
67	O
58	O
.536	O
12	O

PHILADELPHIA	B-ORG
52	O
75	O
.409	O
28	O

CHICAGO	B-ORG
63	O
62	O
.504	O
4	O

CINCINNATI	B-ORG
62	O
62	O
.500	O
4	O
1/2	O

PITTSBURGH	B-ORG
53	O
73	O
.421	O
14	O
1/2	O

COLORADO	B-ORG
65	O
62	O
.512	O
4	O

SAN	B-ORG
FRANCISCO	I-ORG
54	O
70	O
.435	O
13	O
1/2	O

ST	O
LOUIS	O
AT	O
COLORADO	B-LOC

CINCINNATI	B-ORG
AT	O
ATLANTA	O

PITTSBURGH	B-ORG
AT	O
HOUSTON	B-LOC

PHILADELPHIA	B-ORG
AT	O
LOS	B-LOC
ANGELES	I-LOC

MONTREAL	B-ORG
AT	O
SAN	O
FRANCISCO	O

Results	O
of	O
Major	B-MISC
League	I-MISC

California	B-ORG
7	O
NEW	B-ORG
YORK	I-ORG
1	O

DETROIT	B-ORG
7	O
Chicago	O
4	O

Milwaukee	B-ORG
10	O
MINNESOTA	B-ORG
7	O

BOSTON	O
6	O
Oakland	B-ORG
4	O

BALTIMORE	B-ORG
10	O
Seattle	B-ORG
5	O

Texas	B-ORG
10	O
CLEVELAND	B-ORG
8	O
(	O
in	O
10	O
)	O

Toronto	B-ORG
6	O
KANSAS	B-ORG
CITY	I-ORG
2	O

CHICAGO	B-ORG
8	O
Florida	B-ORG
3	O

SAN	B-ORG
FRANCISCO	I-ORG
12	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
11	O

ATLANTA	B-ORG
4	O
Cincinnati	B-ORG
3	O

Pittsburgh	B-ORG
5	O
HOUSTON	B-ORG
2	O

COLORADO	B-ORG
10	O
St	B-ORG
Louis	I-ORG
2	O

Philadelphia	B-ORG
6	O
LOS	O
ANGELES	O
0	O

SAN	B-ORG
DIEGO	I-ORG
7	O
Montreal	B-ORG
2	O

BASEBALL	O
-	O
GREER	B-PER
HOMER	O
IN	O
10TH	O
LIFTS	O
TEXAS	B-ORG
PAST	O
INDIANS	B-ORG
.	O

Rusty	B-PER
Greer	I-PER
's	O
two-run	O
homer	O
in	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
10th	O
inning	O
rallied	O
the	O
Texas	B-ORG
Rangers	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
10-8	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Cleveland	B-ORG
Indians	I-ORG
Wednesday	O
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
a	O
three-game	O
series	O
between	O
division	O
leaders	O
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
,	O
Greer	B-PER
hit	O
a	O
1-1	O
pitch	O
from	O
Julian	B-PER
Tavarez	I-PER
(	O
4-7	O
)	O
over	O
the	O
right-field	O
fence	O
for	O
his	O
15th	O
home	O
run	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
was	O
an	O
off-speed	O
pitch	O
and	O
I	O
just	O
tried	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
good	O
swing	O
on	O
it	O
and	O
put	O
it	O
in	O
play	O
,	O
"	O
Greer	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

The	O
shot	O
brought	O
home	O
Ivan	B-PER
Rodriguez	I-PER
,	O
who	O
had	O
his	O
second	O
double	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
,	O
giving	O
him	O
42	O
this	O
season	O
,	O
41	O
as	O
a	O
catcher	O
.	O

He	O
joined	O
Mickey	B-PER
Cochrane	I-PER
,	O
Johnny	B-PER
Bench	I-PER
and	O
Terry	B-PER
Kennedy	I-PER
as	O
the	O
only	O
catchers	O
with	O
40	O
doubles	O
in	O
a	O
season	O
.	O

The	O
Rangers	B-ORG
have	O
won	O
10	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
12	O
games	O
and	O
six	O
of	O
nine	O
meetings	O
against	O
the	O
Indians	B-ORG
this	O
season	O
.	O

The	O
American	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
Western	I-MISC
leaders	O
have	O
won	O
eight	O
of	O
15	O
games	O
at	O
Jacobs	B-LOC
Field	I-LOC
,	O
joining	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
as	O
the	O
only	O
teams	O
with	O
a	O
winning	O
record	O
at	O
the	O
A.L.	B-MISC
Central	I-MISC
leaders	O
'	O
home	O
.	O

The	O
Indians	B-ORG
sent	O
the	O
game	O
into	O
extra	O
innings	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
on	O
Kenny	B-PER
Lofton	I-PER
's	O
two-run	O
single	O
.	O

Ed	B-PER
Vosberg	I-PER
(	O
1-0	O
)	O
blew	O
his	O
first	O
save	O
opportunity	O
but	O
got	O
the	O
win	O
,	O
allowing	O
three	O
hits	O
with	O
two	O
walks	O
and	O
three	O
strikeouts	O
in	O
1	O
2/3	O
scoreless	O
innings	O
.	O

Dean	B-PER
Palmer	I-PER
hit	O
his	O
30th	O
homer	O
for	O
the	O
Rangers	B-ORG
.	O

In	O
Baltimore	B-LOC
,	O
Cal	B-PER
Ripken	I-PER
had	O
four	O
hits	O
and	O
snapped	O
a	O
fifth-inning	O
tie	O
with	O
a	O
solo	O
homer	O
and	O
Bobby	B-PER
Bonilla	I-PER
added	O
a	O
three-run	O
shot	O
in	O
the	O
seventh	O
to	O
power	O
the	O
surging	O
Orioles	B-ORG
to	O
a	O
10-5	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Seattle	B-ORG
Mariners	I-ORG
.	O

The	O
Mariners	B-ORG
scored	O
four	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
fifth	O
to	O
tie	O
the	O
game	O
5-5	O
but	O
Ripken	B-PER
led	O
off	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
inning	O
with	O
his	O
21st	O
homer	O
off	O
starter	O
Sterling	B-PER
Hitchcock	I-PER
(	O
12-6	O
)	O
.	O

Bonilla	B-PER
's	O
blast	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
Randy	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
,	O
last	O
season	O
's	O
Cy	B-PER
Young	I-PER
winner	O
,	O
allowed	O
a	O
run	O
in	O
five	O
relief	O
appearances	O
since	O
coming	O
off	O
the	O
disabled	O
list	O
on	O
August	O
6	O
.	O

Bonilla	B-PER
has	O
21	O
RBI	B-MISC
and	O
15	O
runs	O
in	O
his	O
last	O
20	O
games	O
.	O

Baltimore	B-LOC
has	O
won	O
seven	O
of	O
nine	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
22	O
and	O
cut	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
'	O
lead	O
in	O
the	O
A.L.	B-MISC
East	I-MISC
to	O
five	O
games	O
.	O

Scott	B-PER
Erickson	I-PER
(	O
8-10	O
)	O
laboured	O
to	O
his	O
third	O
straight	O
win	O
.	O

Alex	B-PER
Rodriguez	I-PER
had	O
two	O
homers	O
and	O
four	O
RBI	B-MISC
for	O
the	O
Mariners	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
have	O
dropped	O
three	O
in	O
a	O
row	O
and	O
11	O
of	O
15	O
.	O

He	O
became	O
the	O
fifth	O
shortstop	O
in	O
major-league	O
history	O
to	O
hit	O
30	O
homers	O
in	O
a	O
season	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
since	O
Ripken	B-PER
hit	O
34	O
in	O
1991	O
.	O

Chris	B-PER
Hoiles	I-PER
hit	O
his	O
22nd	O
homer	O
for	O
Baltimore	B-LOC
.	O

In	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
,	O
Jason	O
Dickson	O
scattered	O
10	O
hits	O
over	O
6	O
1/3	O
innings	O
in	O
his	O
major-league	O
debut	O
and	O
Chili	B-PER
Davis	I-PER
belted	O
a	O
homer	O
from	O
each	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
plate	O
as	O
the	O
California	B-ORG
Angels	I-ORG
defeated	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
7-1	O
.	O

Dickson	B-PER
allowed	O
a	O
homer	O
to	O
Derek	B-PER
Jeter	I-PER
on	O
his	O
first	O
major-league	O
pitch	O
but	O
settled	O
down	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
the	O
27th	O
pitcher	O
used	O
by	O
the	O
Angels	B-ORG
this	O
season	O
,	O
tying	O
a	O
major-league	O
record	O
.	O

Jimmy	B-PER
Key	I-PER
(	O
9-10	O
)	O
took	O
the	O
loss	O
as	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
lost	O
their	O
ninth	O
in	O
14	O
games	O
.	O

California	B-LOC
played	O
without	O
interim	O
manager	O
John	B-PER
McNamara	I-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
hospital	O
with	O
a	O
blood	O
clot	O
in	O
his	O
right	O
calf	O
.	O

In	O
Boston	B-LOC
,	O
Mike	B-PER
Stanley	I-PER
's	O
bases-loaded	O
two-run	O
single	O
snapped	O
an	O
eighth-inning	O
tie	O
and	O
gave	O
the	O
Red	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
their	O
third	O
straight	O
win	O
,	O
6-4	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	B-ORG
Athletics	I-ORG
.	O

Boston	B-LOC
's	O
Mo	B-PER
Vaughn	I-PER
went	O
3-for-3	O
with	O
a	O
walk	O
,	O
stole	O
home	O
for	O
one	O
of	O
his	O
three	O
runs	O
scored	O
and	O
collected	O
his	O
116th	O
RBI	B-MISC
.	O

Scott	B-PER
Brosius	I-PER
homered	O
and	O
drove	O
in	O
two	O
runs	O
for	O
the	O
Athletics	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
have	O
lost	O
seven	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
nine	O
games	O
.	O

In	O
Detroit	B-LOC
,	O
Brad	B-PER
Ausmus	I-PER
's	O
three-run	O
homer	O
capped	O
a	O
four-run	O
eighth	O
and	O
lifted	O
the	O
Tigers	B-ORG
to	O
a	O
7-4	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
reeling	O
Chicago	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
.	O

The	O
Tigers	B-ORG
have	O
won	O
consecutive	O
games	O
after	O
dropping	O
eight	O
in	O
a	O
row	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
won	O
nine	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
12	O
at	O
home	O
.	O

The	O
White	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
have	O
lost	O
six	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
eight	O
games	O
.	O

In	O
Kansas	O
City	O
,	O
Juan	B-PER
Guzman	I-PER
tossed	O
a	O
complete-game	O
six-hitter	O
to	O
win	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
over	O
a	O
month	O
and	O
lower	O
his	O
league-best	O
ERA	B-MISC
as	O
the	O
Toronto	B-ORG
Blue	I-ORG
Jays	I-ORG
won	O
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
,	O
6-2	O
over	O
the	O
Royals	B-ORG
.	O

Guzman	B-PER
(	O
10-8	O
)	O
won	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
since	O
July	O
16	O
,	O
a	O
span	O
of	O
six	O
starts	O
.	O

He	O
allowed	O
two	O
runs	O
--	O
one	O
earned	O
--	O
and	O
lowered	O
his	O
ERA	B-MISC
to	O
2.99	O
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	B-LOC
,	O
John	B-PER
Jaha	I-PER
's	O
three-run	O
homer	O
,	O
his	O
26th	O
,	O
capped	O
a	O
five-run	O
eighth	O
inning	O
that	O
rallied	O
the	O
Milwaukee	B-ORG
Brewers	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
10-7	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Twins	B-ORG
.	O

Jaha	B-PER
added	O
an	O
RBI	B-MISC
single	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
had	O
four	O
RBI	B-MISC
.	O

Jose	B-PER
Valentin	I-PER
hit	O
his	O
21st	O
homer	O
for	O
Milwaukee	B-ORG
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
COCU	B-PER
DOUBLE	O
EARNS	O
PSV	B-ORG
4-1	O
WIN	O
.	O

Philip	B-PER
Cocu	I-PER
scored	O
twice	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
half	O
to	O
spur	O
PSV	B-ORG
Eindhoven	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
4-1	O
away	O
win	O
over	O
NEC	B-ORG
Nijmegen	I-ORG
in	O
the	O
Dutch	B-MISC
first	O
division	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Arthur	B-PER
Numan	I-PER
and	O
Luc	B-PER
Nilis	I-PER
,	O
Dutch	B-MISC
top	O
scorer	O
last	O
season	O
,	O
were	O
PSV	B-ORG
's	O
other	O
marksmen	O
.	O

Ajax	B-ORG
Amsterdam	I-ORG
opened	O
their	O
title	O
defence	O
with	O
a	O
1-0	O
win	O
over	O
NAC	B-ORG
Breda	I-ORG
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
DUTCH	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	O
SUMMARY	O
.	O

Dutch	B-MISC
first	O
division	O
match	O
:	O

NEC	B-ORG
Nijmegen	I-ORG
1	O
(	O
Van	O
Eykeren	O
15th	O
)	O
PSV	B-ORG
Eindhoven	I-ORG
4	O
(	O
Numan	O
11th	O
,	O

Nilis	O
42nd	O
,	O
Cocu	B-PER
54th	O
,	O
67th	O
)	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
DUTCH	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	O
RESULT	O
.	O

Result	O
of	O
a	O
Dutch	B-MISC
first	O

NEC	B-ORG
Nijmegen	I-ORG
1	O
PSV	O
Eindhoven	O
4	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
SHARPSHOOTER	O
KNUP	B-PER
BACK	O
IN	O
SWISS	B-MISC
SQUAD	O
.	O

Galatasaray	B-ORG
striker	O
Adrian	B-PER
Knup	I-PER
,	O
scorer	O
of	O
26	O
goals	O
in	O
45	O
internationals	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
recalled	O
by	O
Switzerland	B-LOC
for	O
the	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
qualifier	O
against	O
Azerbaijan	B-LOC
in	O
Baku	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Knup	B-PER
was	O
overlooked	O
by	O
Artur	O
Jorge	O
for	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
championship	O
finals	O
earlier	O
this	O
year	O
.	O

But	O
new	O
coach	O
Rolf	B-PER
Fringer	I-PER
is	O
clearly	O
a	O
Knup	B-PER
fan	O
and	O
included	O
him	O
in	O
his	O
19-man	O
squad	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Switzerland	B-LOC
failed	O
to	O
progress	O
beyond	O
the	O
opening	O
group	O
phase	O
in	O
Euro	B-MISC
96	I-MISC
.	O

Goalkeepers	O
-	O
Marco	O
Pascolo	O
(	O
Cagliari	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Pascal	B-PER
Zuberbuehler	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

Defenders	O
-	O
Stephane	B-PER
Henchoz	I-PER
(	O
Hamburg	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Marc	B-PER
Hottiger	I-PER
(	O
Everton	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Yvan	B-PER
Quentin	I-PER
(	O
Sion	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Ramon	B-PER
Vega	I-PER
(	O
Cagliari	B-ORG
)	O
Raphael	O
Wicky	O
(	O
Sion	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Alexandre	B-PER
Comisetti	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Antonio	B-PER
Esposito	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	B-PER
Fournier	I-PER
(	O
Stuttgart	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Christophe	B-PER
Ohrel	I-PER
(	O
Lausanne	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
David	B-PER
Sesa	I-PER
(	O
Servette	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	B-PER
Sforza	I-PER
(	O
Inter	B-ORG
Milan	I-ORG
)	O
Murat	B-PER
Yakin	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

Strikers	O
-	O
Kubilay	B-PER
Turkyilmaz	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Adrian	B-PER
Knup	I-PER
(	O
Galatasaray	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Bonvin	O
(	O
Sion	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Stephane	B-PER
Chapuisat	I-PER
(	O
Borussia	B-ORG
Dortmund	I-ORG
)	O
.	O

Spectators	O
at	O
Friday	O
's	O
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	O
prix	O
meeting	O
have	O
an	O
extra	O
incentive	O
to	O
cheer	O
on	O
the	O
athletes	O
to	O
world	O
record	O
performances	O
--	O
a	O
free	O
glass	O
of	O
beer	O
.	O

A	O
Belgian	B-MISC
brewery	O
has	O
offered	O
to	O
pay	O
for	O
a	O
free	O
round	O
of	O
drinks	O
for	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
40,000	O
crowd	O
if	O
a	O
world	O
record	O
goes	O
at	O
the	O
meeting	O
,	O
organisers	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

GOLF	O
-	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
FIRST	O
ROUND	O
SCORES	O
.	O

STUTTGART	B-LOC
,	O
Germany	O
1996-08-22	O

scores	O
in	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
golf	O
championship	O
on	O
Thursday	O
(	O
Britain	B-LOC

64	O
David	O
J.	O
Russell	O
,	O
Michael	B-PER
Campbell	I-PER
(	O
New	B-LOC
Zealand	I-LOC
)	O
,	O
Ian	B-PER

Woosnam	B-PER
,	O
Bernhard	B-PER
Langer	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Ronan	B-PER
Rafferty	I-PER
,	O
Mats	B-PER

Lanner	B-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Wayne	B-PER
Riley	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O

65	O
Eamonn	O
Darcy	O
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Per	B-PER
Nyman	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Russell	B-PER
Claydon	I-PER
,	O

Mark	B-PER
Roe	I-PER
,	O
Retief	B-PER
Goosen	I-PER
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
,	O
Carl	B-PER
Suneson	I-PER

66	O
Stephen	B-PER
Field	I-PER
,	O
Paul	B-PER
Lawrie	I-PER
,	O
Ian	B-PER
Pyman	I-PER
,	O
Max	B-PER
Anglert	I-PER

(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Miles	B-PER
Tunnicliff	I-PER
,	O
Christian	O
Cevaer	O
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

Des	B-PER
Smyth	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
David	B-PER
Carter	I-PER
,	O
Lee	B-PER
Westwood	I-PER
,	O
Greg	B-PER

Chalmers	B-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Miguel	B-PER
Angel	I-PER
Martin	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

Thomas	B-PER
Bjorn	I-PER
(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Fernando	O
Roca	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Derrick	B-PER

67	O
Jeff	B-PER
Hawksworth	I-PER
,	O
Padraig	B-PER
Harrington	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Michael	O

Welch	B-PER
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Gogele	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
McGinley	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

Gary	B-PER
Orr	I-PER
,	O
Jose-Maria	B-PER
Canizares	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Michael	B-PER
Jonzon	I-PER

(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Paul	O
Eales	O
,	O
David	B-PER
Williams	I-PER
,	O
Andrew	B-PER
Coltart	I-PER
,	O

Jonathan	B-PER
Lomas	I-PER
,	O
Jose	B-PER
Rivero	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Robert	O
Karlsson	O

(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Marcus	B-PER
Wills	I-PER
,	O
Pedro	B-PER
Linhart	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Jamie	B-PER

Spence	B-PER
,	O
Terry	B-PER
Price	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Juan	B-PER
Carlos	I-PER
Pinero	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
UEFA	B-ORG
REWARDS	O
THREE	O
COUNTRIES	O
FOR	O
FAIR	O
PLAY	O
.	O

Norway	B-LOC
,	O
England	B-LOC
and	O
Sweden	B-LOC
were	O
rewarded	O
for	O
their	O
fair	O
play	O
on	O
Thursday	O
with	O
an	O
additional	O
place	O
in	O
the	O
1997-98	O
UEFA	O
Cup	O
competition	O
.	O

Norway	B-LOC
headed	O
the	O
UEFA	B-MISC
Fair	I-MISC
Play	I-MISC
rankings	O
for	O
1995-96	O
with	O
8.62	O
points	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
England	B-LOC
with	O
8.61	O
and	O
Sweden	B-LOC
8.57	O
.	O

Norway	B-LOC
8.62	O
points	O

2.	O
England	B-LOC
8.61	O

3.	O
Sweden	B-LOC
8.57	O

5.	O
Wales	B-LOC
8.54	O

6.	O
Estonia	B-LOC
8.52	O

8.	O
Belarus	B-LOC
8.39	O

15.	O
Moldova	B-LOC
8.24	O

18.	O
Luxembourg	B-LOC
8.20	O

19.	O
France	B-LOC
8.18	O

20.	O
Israel	B-LOC
8.17	O

25.	O
Georgia	B-LOC
8.10	O

26.	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
8.09	O

26.	O
Spain	B-LOC
8.09	O

26.	O
Finland	B-LOC
8.09	O

30.	O
Lithuania	B-LOC
8.06	O

32.	O
Russia	B-LOC
8.03	O

36.	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
7.95	O

42.	O
Slovenia	B-LOC
7.77	O

43.	O
Croatia	B-LOC
7.75	O

45.	O
Malta	B-LOC
7.40	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
POLICE	O
COMMANDOS	O
ON	O
HAND	O
FOR	O
AUSTRALIANS	B-MISC
'	O
FIRST	O
MATCH	O
.	O

Armed	O
police	O
commandos	O
patrolled	O
the	O
ground	O
when	O
Australia	B-LOC
opened	O
their	O
short	O
tour	O
of	O
Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
with	O
a	O
five-run	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
youth	O
team	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
,	O
in	O
Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
for	O
a	O
limited	O
overs	O
tournament	O
which	O
also	O
includes	O
India	B-LOC
and	O
Zimbabwe	B-LOC
,	O
have	O
been	O
promised	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
commandos	O
,	O
sniffer	O
dogs	O
and	O
plainclothes	O
policemen	O
to	O
ensure	O
the	O
tournament	O
is	O
trouble-free	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
making	O
their	O
first	O
visit	O
to	O
the	O
island	O
since	O
boycotting	O
a	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
fixture	O
in	O
February	O
because	O
of	O
fears	O
over	O
ethnic	O
violence	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
,	O
batting	O
first	O
in	O
Thursday	O
's	O
the	O
warm-up	O
match	O
,	O
scored	O
251	O
for	O
seven	O
from	O
their	O
50	O
overs	O
.	O

Ricky	B-PER
Ponting	I-PER
led	O
the	O
way	O
with	O
100	O
off	O
119	O
balls	O
with	O
two	O
sixes	O
and	O
nine	O
fours	O
before	O
retiring	O
.	O

Australian	B-MISC
coach	O
Geoff	B-PER
Marsh	I-PER
said	O
he	O
was	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
competitiveness	O
of	O
the	O
opposition	O
.	O

ONE	O
ROMANIAN	B-MISC
DIES	O
IN	O
BUS	O
CRASH	O
IN	O
BULGARIA	B-LOC
.	O

One	O
Romanian	B-MISC
passenger	O
was	O
killed	O
,	O
and	O
14	O
others	O
were	O
injured	O
on	O
Thursday	O
when	O
a	O
Romanian-registered	B-MISC
bus	O
collided	O
with	O
a	O
Bulgarian	B-MISC
one	O
in	O
northern	O
Bulgaria	B-LOC
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
two	O
buses	O
collided	O
head	O
on	O
at	O
5	O
o'clock	O
this	O
morning	O
on	O
the	O
road	O
between	O
the	O
towns	O
of	O
Rousse	O
and	O
Veliko	B-LOC
Tarnovo	I-LOC
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

A	O
Romanian	B-MISC
woman	O
Maria	B-PER
Marco	I-PER
,	O
35	O
,	O
was	O
killed	O
.	O

OFFICIAL	B-ORG
JOURNAL	I-ORG
CONTENTS	O
-	O
OJ	B-ORG
L	O
211	O
OF	O
AUGUST	O
21	O
,	O
1996	O
.	O

(	O
Note	O
-	O
contents	O
are	O
displayed	O
in	O
reverse	O
order	O
to	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
printed	O
Journal	B-ORG
)	O

Corrigendum	O
to	O
Commission	B-MISC
Regulation	I-MISC
(	O
EC	B-ORG
)	O
No	O
1464/96	O
of	O
25	O
July	O
1996	O
relating	O
to	O
a	O
standing	O
invitation	O
to	O
tender	O
to	O
determine	O
levies	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
refunds	O
on	O
exports	O
of	O
white	O
sugar	O
(	O
OJ	O
No	O
L	O
187	O
of	O
26.7.1996	O
)	O

Corrigendum	O
to	O
Commission	B-MISC
Regulation	I-MISC
(	O
EC	B-ORG
)	O
No	O
658/96	O
of	O
9	O
April	O
1996	O
on	O
certain	O
conditions	O
for	O
granting	O
compensatory	O
payments	O
under	O
the	O
support	O
system	O
for	O
producers	O
of	O
certain	O
arable	O
crops	O
(	O
OJ	B-ORG
No	O
L	O
91	O
of	O
12.4.1996	O
)	O

Commission	B-MISC
Regulation	I-MISC
(	O
EC	B-ORG
)	O
No	O
1663/96	O
of	O
20	O
August	O
1996	O
establishing	O
the	O
standard	O
import	O
values	O
for	O
determining	O
the	O
entry	O
price	O
of	O
certain	O
fruit	O
and	O
vegetables	O
END	O
OF	O
DOCUMENT	O
.	O

In	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
to	O
appeal	O
payment	O
denial	O
.	O

MINNETONKA	B-LOC
,	O
Minn	O
.	O

In	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
will	O
appeal	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
District	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
in	O
Minneapolis	B-LOC
a	O
decision	O
by	O
the	O
Health	B-ORG
Care	I-ORG
Financing	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
(	O
HCFA	B-ORG
)	O
that	O
denied	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
costs	O
under	O
Medicaid	B-MISC
.	O

The	O
HCFA	B-ORG
Administrator	O
reversed	O
a	O
previously	O
favorable	O
decision	O
regarding	O
the	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
costs	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
community	O
liaison	O
personnel	O
,	O
it	O
added	O
.	O

The	O
company	O
said	O
it	O
continues	O
to	O
believe	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
the	O
community	O
liaison	O
costs	O
are	O
coverable	O
under	O
the	O
terms	O
of	O
the	O
Medicare	B-MISC
program	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
disappointed	O
with	O
the	O
administrator	O
's	O
decision	O
but	O
we	O
continue	O
to	O
be	O
optimistic	O
regarding	O
an	O
ultimate	O
favorable	O
resolution	O
,	O
"	O
Mark	B-PER
Gildea	I-PER
,	O
chief	O
executive	O
officer	O
,	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

In	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
said	O
it	O
previously	O
recorded	O
a	O
reserve	O
equal	O
to	O
16	O
percent	O
of	O
all	O
revenue	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
community	O
liaison	O
costs	O
.	O

Separately	O
,	O
In	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
said	O
the	O
U.S.	B-ORG
District	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
in	O
Minneapolis	B-LOC
ruled	O
in	O
its	O
favor	O
regarding	O
the	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
interest	O
expenses	O
.	O

This	O
decision	O
will	O
result	O
in	O
the	O
reimbursement	O
by	O
Medicare	B-MISC
of	O
$	O
81,000	O
in	O
disputed	O
costs	O
.	O

"	O
This	O
is	O
our	O
first	O
decision	O
in	O
federal	O
distrct	O
court	O
regarding	O
a	O
dispute	O
with	O
Medicare	B-MISC
,	O
"	O
Gildea	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

We	O
are	O
extremely	O
pleased	O
with	O
this	O
decision	O
and	O
we	O
recognize	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
significant	O
step	O
toward	O
resolution	O
of	O
our	O
outstanding	O
Medicare	B-MISC
disputes	O
.	O
"	O

--	O
Chicago	B-ORG
Newsdesk	I-ORG
312-408-8787	O

Oppenheimer	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
LP	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
will	O
review	O
its	O
cash	O
distribution	O
rate	O
for	O
the	O
October	O
quarterly	O
distribution	O
,	O
assuming	O
continued	O
favorable	O
results	O
.	O

Best	B-ORG
sees	O
Q2	O
loss	O
similar	O
to	O
Q1	O
loss	O
.	O

RICHMOND	B-LOC
,	O
Va	O
.	O

Best	B-ORG
Products	I-ORG
Co	I-ORG
Chairman	O
and	O
Chief	O
Executive	O
Daniel	B-PER
Levy	I-PER
said	O
Thursday	O
he	O
expected	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
second-quarter	O
results	O
to	O
be	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
$	O
34.6	O
million	O
loss	O
posted	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
.	O

He	O
also	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
before	O
the	O
retailer	O
's	O
annual	O
meeting	O
that	O
the	O
second	O
quarter	O
could	O
be	O
better	O
than	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
ended	O
May	O
4	O
.	O
"	O

Levy	B-PER
said	O
seeking	O
bankruptcy	O
protection	O
was	O
not	O
under	O
consideration	O
.	O

Best	B-ORG
emerged	O
from	O
Chapter	B-MISC
11	I-MISC
bankruptcy	O
protection	O
in	O
June	O
1994	O
after	O
3-1/2	O
years	O
.	O

"	O
Bankruptcy	O
is	O
always	O
possible	O
,	O
particularly	O
when	O
you	O
lose	O
what	O
we	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
lose	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
half	O
of	O
this	O
year	O
,	O
"	O
Levy	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

The	O
Richmond-based	B-MISC
retailer	O
lost	O
$	O
95.7	O
million	O
in	O
the	O
fiscal	O
year	O
ended	O
February	O
3	O
.	O

Levy	B-PER
said	O
that	O
Best	B-ORG
planned	O
to	O
open	O
two	O
new	O
stores	O
this	O
fall	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
Best	B-ORG
said	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
plan	O
to	O
open	O
any	O
new	O
stores	O
this	O
fall	O
.	O

For	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
second	O
quarter	O
,	O
which	O
ended	O
July	O
29	O
,	O
1995	O
,	O
Best	B-ORG
posted	O
a	O
loss	O
of	O
$	O
7.1	O
million	O
,	O
or	O
$	O
0.23	O
per	O
share	O
,	O
on	O
sales	O
of	O
$	O
311.9	O
million	O
.	O

Women	O
who	O
get	O
measles	O
while	O
pregnant	O
may	O
have	O
babies	O
at	O
higher	O
risk	O
of	O
Crohn	B-PER
's	O
disease	O
,	O
a	O
debilitating	O
bowel	O
disorder	O
,	O
researchers	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Three	O
out	O
of	O
four	O
Swedish	B-MISC
babies	O
born	O
to	O
mothers	O
who	O
caught	O
measles	O
developed	O
serious	O
cases	O
of	O
Crohn	B-PER
's	O
disease	O
,	O
the	O
researchers	O
said	O
.	O

Dr	O
Andrew	B-PER
Wakefield	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Royal	B-LOC
Free	I-LOC
Hospital	I-LOC
School	I-LOC
of	I-LOC
Medicine	I-LOC
and	O
colleagues	O
screened	O
25,000	O
babies	O
delivered	O
at	O
University	B-LOC
Hospital	I-LOC
,	O
Uppsala	B-LOC
,	O
between	O
1940	O
and	O
1949	O
.	O

"	O
Three	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
children	O
had	O
Crohn	B-PER
's	O
disease	O
,	O
"	O
Wakefield	B-PER
's	O
group	O
wrote	O
in	O
the	O
Lancet	B-ORG
medical	O
journal	O
.	O

Crohn	B-PER
's	O
is	O
an	O
inflammation	O
of	O
the	O
bowel	O
that	O
can	O
sometimes	O
require	O
surgery	O
.	O

Most	O
notably	O
,	O
women	O
who	O
get	O
rubella	O
(	O
German	B-MISC
measles	O
)	O
have	O
a	O
high	O
risk	O
of	O
a	O
stillborn	O
baby	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
key	O
numbers	O
-	O
CBI	B-ORG
August	O
industrial	O
trends	O
.	O

Following	O
are	O
key	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
August	O
monthly	O
survey	O
of	O
trends	O
in	O
UK	B-LOC
manufacturing	O
by	O
the	O
Confederation	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
British	I-ORG
Industry	I-ORG
(	O
CBI	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

CBI	B-ORG
MONTHLY	O
TRENDS	O
ENQUIRY	O
(	O
a	O
)	O
AUG	O
JULY	O
JUNE	O
MAY	O

The	O
survey	O
was	O
conducted	O
between	O
July	O
23	O
and	O
August	O
14	O
and	O
involved	O
1,305	O
companies	O
,	O
representing	O
50	O
industries	O
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
around	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
UK	B-LOC
's	O
manufactured	O
exports	O
and	O
some	O
two	O
million	O
employees	O
.	O

--	O
Rosemary	B-PER
Bennett	I-PER
,	O
London	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+44	O
171	O
542	O
7715	O

Iron	B-MISC
Gippsland	I-MISC
-	O
(	O
built	O
1989	O
)	O
87,241	O
dwt	O
sold	O
to	O
Greek	B-MISC
buyers	O
for	O
$	O
30	O
million	O
.	O

Sairyu	B-MISC
Maru	I-MISC
No	I-MISC
:	I-MISC
2	I-MISC
-	O
(	O
built	O
1982	O
)	O
60,960	O
dwt	O
sold	O
to	O
Greek	B-MISC
buyers	O
for	O
$	O
15.5	O
million	O
.	O

Stainless	B-MISC
Fighter	I-MISC
-	O
(	O
built	O
1970	O
)	O
21,718	O
dwt	O
sold	O
at	O
auction	O
for	O
$	O
6	O
million	O
.	O

Garlic	O
pills	O
may	O
not	O
lower	O
blood	O
cholesterol	O
and	O
studies	O
that	O
show	O
they	O
do	O
may	O
be	O
flawed	O
,	O
British	B-MISC
researchers	O
have	O
reported	O
.	O

A	O
study	O
by	O
a	O
team	O
of	O
doctors	O
at	O
Oxford	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
has	O
found	O
people	O
with	O
high	O
blood	O
cholesterol	O
do	O
not	O
benefit	O
significantly	O
from	O
taking	O
garlic	O
tablets	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	O
the	O
groups	O
receiving	O
garlic	O
and	O
placebo	O
,	O
"	O
they	O
wrote	O
in	O
the	O
Journal	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Royal	I-ORG
College	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Physicians	I-ORG
.	O

But	O
the	O
Oxford	B-LOC
team	O
disputed	O
these	O
findings	O
and	O
said	O
either	O
previous	O
trials	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
interpreted	O
incorrectly	O
,	O
those	O
taking	O
part	O
were	O
not	O
given	O
special	O
diets	O
beforehand	O
or	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
studies	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
too	O
short	O
.	O

The	O
six-month	O
trial	O
was	O
funded	O
by	O
the	O
British	B-ORG
Heart	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
and	O
Lichtwer	B-ORG
Pharma	I-ORG
GmbH	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
makes	O
Kwai	B-MISC
brand	O
garlic	O
tablets	O
.	O

Britain	B-LOC
gives	O
aid	O
to	O
volcano-hit	O
Caribbean	B-LOC
island	O
.	O

Britain	B-LOC
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
would	O
give	O
25	O
million	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
39	O
million	O
)	O
of	O
development	O
aid	O
to	O
the	O
Caribbean	B-LOC
island	O
of	O
Montserrat	B-LOC
,	O
where	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
population	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
south	O
has	O
fled	O
to	O
avoid	O
a	O
volcano	O
.	O

The	O
volcano	O
in	O
the	O
Soufriere	O
hills	O
has	O
erupted	O
three	O
times	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
13	O
months	O
and	O
last	O
April	O
some	O
4,500	O
people	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
capital	O
,	O
Plymouth	B-ORG
,	O
and	O
southern	O
areas	O
were	O
evacuated	O
to	O
the	O
north	O
,	O
where	O
many	O
are	O
living	O
in	O
public	O
shelters	O
and	O
schools	O
.	O

"	O
This	O
assistance	O
will	O
provide	O
a	O
fast	O
track	O
development	O
programme	O
for	O
the	O
designated	O
(	O
northern	O
)	O
safe	O
area	O
,	O
"	O
Britain	B-LOC
's	O
Overseas	B-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

Britain	B-LOC
gave	O
8.5	O
million	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
13	O
million	O
)	O
to	O
Montserrat	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
its	O
dependent	O
territories	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
volcano	O
first	O
became	O
active	O
.	O

Overseas	O
Development	O
Minister	O
Lynda	B-PER
Chalker	I-PER
said	O
a	O
recent	O
census	O
had	O
shown	O
most	O
Montserratians	B-MISC
wanted	O
to	O
remain	O
on	O
the	O
island	O
.	O
"	O

Tennis	O
-	O
Philippoussis	B-PER
looms	O
for	O
Sampras	B-PER
in	O
U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
.	O

World	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	B-PER
Sampras	I-PER
,	O
seeking	O
his	O
first	O
Grand	B-MISC
Slam	I-MISC
title	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
women	O
's	O
top	O
seed	O
Steffi	B-PER
Graf	I-PER
,	O
aiming	O
for	O
her	O
third	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
ease	O
into	O
the	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
major	O
,	O
which	O
begins	O
on	O
Monday	O
.	O

Sampras	B-PER
opens	O
the	O
defence	O
of	O
his	O
U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
crown	O
against	O
David	B-PER
Rikl	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
,	O
while	O
top-ranked	O
Graf	B-PER
begins	O
her	O
title	O
defence	O
against	O
Yayuk	B-PER
Basuki	I-PER
of	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
.	O

Wednesday	O
's	O
U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
draw	O
ceremony	O
revealed	O
that	O
both	O
title	O
holders	O
should	O
run	O
into	O
their	O
first	O
serious	O
opposition	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
.	O

Looming	O
in	O
Sampras	B-PER
's	O
future	O
is	O
a	O
likely	O
third-round	O
date	O
with	O
recent	O
nemesis	O
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
,	O
the	O
rising	O
Australian	B-MISC
who	O
took	O
out	O
Sampras	B-PER
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
in	O
January	O
.	O

Sampras	B-PER
avenged	O
that	O
defeat	O
with	O
a	O
straight	O
sets	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
19-year-old	O
power	O
hitter	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
round	O
at	O
Wimbledon	B-LOC
and	O
their	O
rubber	O
match	O
in	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
could	O
provide	O
some	O
first-week	O
fireworks	O
.	O

While	O
only	O
a	O
stunning	O
upset	O
will	O
keep	O
Graf	O
from	O
sailing	O
through	O
to	O
a	O
predictable	O
semifinal	O
showdown	O
with	O
third	O
seed	O
Arantxa	B-PER
Sanchez	I-PER
Vicario	I-PER
,	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
star	O
could	O
also	O
be	O
tested	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
where	O
she	O
will	O
probably	O
face	O
28th-ranked	O
veteran	O
Natasha	O
Zvereva	O
of	O
Belarus	B-LOC
.	O

There	O
will	O
be	O
no	O
repeat	O
of	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
men	O
's	O
final	O
with	O
eighth-ranked	O
Andre	B-PER
Agassi	I-PER
landing	O
in	O
Sampras	B-PER
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

Bumping	O
Agassi	B-PER
up	O
to	O
the	O
sixth	O
seeding	O
avoided	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
he	O
would	O
run	O
into	O
Sampras	B-PER
as	O
early	O
as	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
could	O
lock	O
horns	O
in	O
the	O
semis	O
.	O

Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Agassi	B-PER
meets	O
Karim	B-PER
Alami	I-PER
of	O
Morocco	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
.	O

Surprise	O
second	O
seed	O
Michael	B-PER
Chang	I-PER
,	O
ranked	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
opens	O
against	O
Czech	B-MISC
Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
,	O
while	O
women	O
's	O
second	O
seed	O
Monica	B-PER
Seles	I-PER
drew	O
American	B-MISC
Anne	B-PER
Miller	I-PER
as	O
her	O
first	O
victim	O
.	O

Second-ranked	O
Austrian	O
Thomas	B-PER
Muster	I-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
seeded	O
third	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
luck	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
him	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
Muster	B-PER
faces	O
American	B-MISC
Richey	B-PER
Reneberg	I-PER
,	O
who	O
has	O
been	O
playing	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
tennis	O
of	O
his	O
career	O
of	O
late	O
.	O

If	O
he	O
survives	O
,	O
Muster	B-PER
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
either	O
fifth-seeded	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
champion	O
Richard	B-PER
Krajicek	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
or	O
12th-seeded	O
American	B-MISC
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
in	O
Chang	B-PER
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

Perhaps	O
the	O
best	O
,	O
yet	O
most	O
unfortunate	O
,	O
first-round	O
matchup	O
of	O
the	O
men	O
's	O
competition	O
pits	O
eighth	O
seed	O
Jim	B-PER
Courier	I-PER
against	O
retiring	O
star	O
Stefan	B-PER
Edberg	I-PER
.	O

The	O
popular	O
Swede	B-MISC
is	O
playing	O
his	O
final	O
major	O
tournament	O
next	O
week	O
and	O
the	O
two-time	O
champion	O
's	O
Grand	B-MISC
Slam	I-MISC
farewell	O
could	O
well	O
be	O
a	O
one-match	O
affair	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
a	O
Philippoussis	B-PER
showdown	O
,	O
Sampras	B-PER
looks	O
to	O
have	O
landed	O
in	O
a	O
comfortable	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
the	O
likes	O
of	O
Frenchman	B-MISC
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
and	O
ailing	O
French	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
champion	O
Yevgeny	B-PER
Kafelnikov	I-PER
,	O
who	O
is	O
nursing	O
a	O
rib	O
injury	O
,	O
in	O
his	O
path	O
.	O

Seles	B-PER
,	O
runner-up	O
to	O
Graf	B-PER
last	O
year	O
,	O
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
fifth-ranked	O
German	B-MISC
Anke	B-PER
Huber	I-PER
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
fourth	O
seed	O
Conchita	B-PER
Martinez	I-PER
or	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Lindsay	B-PER
Davenport	I-PER
looking	O
like	O
her	O
most	O
likely	O
semifinal	O
opponents	O
.	O

But	O
Huber	B-PER
will	O
be	O
tested	O
immediately	O
with	O
a	O
first-round	O
encounter	O
against	O
dangerous	O
18th-ranked	O
South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
Amanda	B-PER
Coetzer	I-PER
.	O

Sanchez	B-PER
Vicario	I-PER
,	O
runner-up	O
to	O
Graf	B-PER
at	O
the	O
French	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
and	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
,	O
begins	O
play	O
against	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
that	O
includes	O
young	O
talent	O
Martina	B-PER
Hingis	I-PER
,	O
the	O
16th	O
seed	O
,	O
before	O
a	O
probable	O
quarter-final	O
clash	O
with	O
seventh-seeded	O
veteran	O
Jana	B-PER
Novotna	I-PER
.	O

Martinez	B-PER
begins	O
play	O
against	O
Ruxandra	B-PER
Dragomir	I-PER
of	O
Romania	B-LOC
.	O

RTRS	B-ORG
-	O
Tennis	O
-	O
Muster	O
upset	O
,	O
Philippoussis	B-PER
wins	O
,	O
Stoltenberg	B-PER
loses	O
.	O

Top-seeded	O
Thomas	B-PER
Muster	I-PER
of	O
Austria	B-LOC
was	O
beaten	O
6-3	O
7-5	O
by	O
123rd-ranked	O
Daniel	B-PER
Nestor	I-PER
of	O
Canada	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
in	O
his	O
first	O
match	O
of	O
the	O
$	O
2	O
million	O
Canadian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
.	O

A	O
lefthander	O
with	O
a	O
strong	O
serve	O
,	O
Nestor	B-PER
kept	O
the	O
rallies	O
short	O
by	O
constantly	O
attacking	O
the	O
net	O
and	O
the	O
tactic	O
worked	O
in	O
the	O
second-round	O
match	O
against	O
Muster	B-PER
,	O
playing	O
his	O
first	O
match	O
after	O
receiving	O
a	O
first-round	O
bye	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
other	O
top	O
eight	O
seeds	O
.	O

The	O
tournament	O
also	O
lost	O
its	O
second	O
seed	O
on	O
the	O
third	O
day	O
of	O
play	O
when	O
second-seeded	O
Goran	B-PER
Ivanisevic	I-PER
of	O
Croatia	B-LOC
was	O
beaten	O
6-7(3-7	O
)	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
by	O
unseeded	O
Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
of	O
Sweden	B-LOC
.	O

Other	O
seeded	O
players	O
advancing	O
were	O
number	O
three	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
of	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	B-PER
Rios	I-PER
of	O
Chile	B-LOC
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
of	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
and	O
American	B-MISC
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
,	O
the	O
seventh	O
seeed	O
.	O

Eighth	O
seed	O
Marc	B-PER
Rosset	I-PER
of	O
Switzerland	B-LOC
was	O
eliminated	O
in	O
a	O
one	O
hour	O
,	O
55	O
minute	O
battle	O
by	O
unseeded	O
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
of	O
Australia	B-LOC
.	O

Philippoussis	B-PER
saved	O
a	O
match	O
point	O
at	O
5-6	O
in	O
the	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
before	O
winning	O
6-3	O
3-6	O
7-6	O
(	O
8-6	O
)	O
.	O

Philippoussis	B-PER
's	O
compatriot	O
,	O
13th	O
seed	O
Jason	B-PER
Stoltenberg	I-PER
,	O
was	O
not	O
as	O
fortunate	O
.	O

He	O
held	O
one	O
match	O
point	O
at	O
9-8	O
in	O
a	O
marathon	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
but	O
was	O
beaten	O
5-7	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-1	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
13-11	O
)	O
by	O
unseeded	O
Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
.	O

"	O
I	O
knew	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
serve	O
well	O
and	O
keep	O
the	O
points	O
short	O
and	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Nestor	B-PER
,	O
who	O
ranks	O
10th	O
in	O
doubles	O
.	O

The	O
lanky	O
Canadian	B-MISC
broke	O
Muster	B-PER
at	O
4-3	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
and	O
5-5	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
before	O
ending	O
the	O
match	O
on	O
his	O
third	O
match	O
point	O
when	O
the	O
Austrian	B-MISC
hit	O
a	O
service	O
return	O
long	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
probably	O
did	O
n't	O
hit	O
five	O
ground	O
strokes	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
match	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Muster	B-PER
,	O
only	O
partly	O
joking	O
.	O
"	O

Playing	O
at	O
night	O
was	O
not	O
Muster	B-PER
's	O
preference	O
.	O
"	O

Ivanisevic	B-PER
rallied	O
from	O
a	O
2-5	O
deficit	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
but	O
then	O
played	O
erratically	O
against	O
the	O
44th-ranked	O
Tillstrom	B-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
a	O
surprise	O
winner	O
over	O
his	O
famous	O
compatriot	O
Stefan	B-PER
Edberg	I-PER
in	O
the	O
second	O
round	O
at	O
Wimbledon	B-LOC
.	O

Ivanisevic	B-PER
hit	O
32	O
aces	O
but	O
was	O
outplayed	O
from	O
the	O
back	O
court	O
by	O
the	O
24-year-old	O
Tillstrom	B-PER
.	O

The	O
sixth-ranked	O
Ivanisevic	B-PER
,	O
who	O
lost	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
at	O
Indianapolis	B-LOC
to	O
world	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	B-PER
Sampras	I-PER
of	O
the	O
U.S.	B-LOC
last	O
Sunday	O
,	O
made	O
a	O
quick	O
getaway	O
after	O
his	O
loss	O
but	O
did	O
say	O
:	O
"	O
Something	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
when	O
I	O
arrived	O
(	O
in	O
Toronto	B-LOC
)	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
thought	O
he	O
looked	O
a	O
little	O
unfocused	O
at	O
certain	O
times	O
on	O
his	O
ground	O
strokes	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Tillstrom	B-PER
.	O

The	O
19-year-old	O
Philippoussis	B-PER
,	O
who	O
beat	O
Sampras	B-PER
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
Australian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
,	O
stayed	O
calm	O
in	O
a	O
nervy	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
against	O
Rosset	B-PER
.	O

Soccer	O
-	O
Results	O
of	O
South	B-MISC
Korean	I-MISC
pro-soccer	O
games	O
.	O

Results	O
of	O
South	B-MISC
Korean	I-MISC
pro-soccer	O
games	O
played	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Anyang	B-ORG
3	O
Chonnam	O
3	O
(	O
halftime	O
2-0	O
)	O

Puchon	O
0	O
Suwon	B-ORG
0	O
(	O
halftime	O
0-0	O
)	O

Puchon	B-ORG
1	O
1	O
0	O
1	O
0	O
4	O

Pohang	B-ORG
0	O
1	O
0	O
3	O
3	O
1	O

Chonnam	B-ORG
0	O
1	O
1	O
5	O
6	O
1	O

Senegal	B-LOC
cholera	O
outbreak	O
kills	O
five	O
.	O

An	O
outbreak	O
of	O
cholera	O
has	O
killed	O
five	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
Senegal	B-LOC
town	O
of	O
Kaolack	B-LOC
,	O
where	O
health	O
authorities	O
have	O
recorded	O
291	O
cases	O
since	O
August	O
11	O
,	O
a	O
medical	O
official	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

People	O
are	O
rushing	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
symptoms	O
appear	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
we	O
have	O
fewer	O
deaths	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
by	O
telephone	O
from	O
the	O
town	O
,	O
160	O
km	O
(	O
100	O
miles	O
)	O
southeast	O
of	O
the	O
Senegalese	B-MISC
capital	O
Dakar	B-LOC
.	O

Nigerian	B-MISC
general	O
takes	O
over	O
Liberia	B-LOC
ECOMOG	B-ORG
force	O
.	O

Nigerian	B-MISC
Major	O
General	O
Sam	O
Victor	O
Malu	O
took	O
over	O
on	O
Thursday	O
as	O
commander	O
of	O
the	O
ECOMOG	B-ORG
peacekeeping	O
force	O
in	O
Liberia	B-LOC
,	O
two	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
latest	O
ceasefire	O
in	O
the	O
six-year	O
civil	O
war	O
.	O

Malu	B-PER
replaced	O
another	O
Nigerian	B-MISC
major	O
general	O
,	O
John	B-PER
Inienger	I-PER
,	O
who	O
told	O
officers	O
at	O
the	O
handover	O
ceremony	O
that	O
peace	O
was	O
now	O
at	O
hand	O
for	O
Liberia	B-LOC
after	O
six	O
years	O
of	O
fighting	O
and	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
dozen	O
failed	O
accords	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
search	O
for	O
peace	O
in	O
Liberia	B-LOC
has	O
been	O
difficult	O
,	O
challenging	O
and	O
sometimes	O
painful	O
.	O

United	B-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
military	O
observers	O
travelling	O
to	O
the	O
western	O
town	O
of	O
Tubmanburg	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
were	O
delayed	O
by	O
shooting	O
along	O
the	O
highway	O
,	O
U.N.	B-ORG
special	O
representative	O
Anthony	B-PER
Nyakyi	I-PER
said	O
.	O

They	O
finally	O
went	O
ahead	O
with	O
an	O
escort	O
from	O
the	O
ULIMO-J	B-ORG
faction	O
.	O

Faction	O
leaders	O
who	O
agreed	O
a	O
new	O
peace	O
deal	O
in	O
the	O
Nigerian	B-MISC
capital	O
Abuja	B-LOC
on	O
Saturday	O
have	O
accused	O
each	O
other	O
of	O
breaking	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
.	O

The	O
ECOMOG	B-ORG
force	O
,	O
currently	O
10,000	O
strong	O
,	O
was	O
sent	O
to	O
Liberia	B-LOC
by	O
the	O
Economic	B-ORG
Community	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
West	I-ORG
African	I-ORG
States	I-ORG
in	O
1990	O
at	O
the	O
height	O
of	O
the	O
fighting	O
.	O

Guinea	B-LOC
calls	O
two	O
days	O
of	O
prayer	O
.	O

The	O
West	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
state	O
of	O
Guinea	B-LOC
declared	O
Thursday	O
and	O
Friday	O
days	O
of	O
national	O
prayer	O
.	O

A	O
government	O
statement	O
,	O
broadcast	O
repeatedly	O
by	O
state	O
radio	O
,	O
said	O
the	O
two	O
days	O
of	O
prayer	O
were	O
"	O
for	O
the	O
dead	O
,	O
for	O
peace	O
and	O
prosperity	O
in	O
Guinea	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
victory	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
government	O
and	O
the	O
health	O
of	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
state	O
"	O
.	O

Guinea	B-LOC
's	O
president	O
,	O
Lansana	O
Conte	O
,	O
vice-president	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Islamic	I-ORG
Conference	I-ORG
,	O
left	O
for	O
Kuwait	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
16	O
to	O
prepare	O
the	O
next	O
OIC	B-ORG
summit	O
in	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
in	O
1997	O
.	O

Koranic	B-MISC
reading	O
sessions	O
and	O
prayers	O
were	O
to	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
the	O
farming	O
town	O
of	O
Badi-Tondon	B-LOC
,	O
near	O
his	O
home	O
about	O
60	O
km	O
(	O
40	O
miles	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
capital	O
Conakry	B-LOC
.	O

Conte	B-PER
,	O
an	O
army	O
general	O
,	O
survived	O
a	O
February	O
army	O
pay	O
revolt	O
which	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
he	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
veiled	O
attempt	O
to	O
topple	O
him	O
.	O

Conte	B-PER
seized	O
power	O
in	O
1984	O
after	O
the	O
death	O
of	O
veteran	O
Marxist	B-MISC
leader	O
Ahmed	B-PER
Sekou	I-PER
Toure	I-PER
.	O

South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
answers	O
U.S.	B-LOC
message	O
in	O
a	O
bottle	O
.	O

A	O
South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
boy	O
is	O
writing	O
back	O
to	O
an	O
American	B-MISC
girl	O
whose	O
message	O
in	O
a	O
bottle	O
he	O
found	O
washed	O
up	O
on	O
President	O
Nelson	B-PER
Mandela	I-PER
's	O
old	O
prison	O
island	O
.	O

But	O
Carlo	B-PER
Hoffmann	I-PER
,	O
an	O
11-year-old	O
jailer	O
's	O
son	O
who	O
found	O
the	O
bottle	O
on	O
the	O
beach	O
at	O
Robben	B-LOC
Island	I-LOC
off	O
Cape	B-LOC
Town	I-LOC
after	O
winter	O
storms	O
,	O
will	O
send	O
his	O
letter	O
back	O
by	O
ordinary	O
mail	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
the	O
post	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

Danielle	B-PER
Murray	I-PER
from	O
Sandusky	B-LOC
,	O
Ohio	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
as	O
her	O
new	O
penfriend	O
,	O
asked	O
for	O
a	O
reply	O
from	O
whoever	O
received	O
the	O
message	O
she	O
flung	O
on	O
its	O
journey	O
months	O
ago	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	B-LOC
Ocean	I-LOC
.	O

Rottweiler	B-MISC
kills	O
South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
toddler	O
.	O

A	O
rottweiler	O
dog	O
belonging	O
to	O
an	O
elderly	O
South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
couple	O
savaged	O
to	O
death	O
their	O
two-year-old	O
grandson	O
who	O
was	O
visiting	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
dog	O
attacked	O
Louis	B-PER
Booy	I-PER
in	O
the	O
front	O
garden	O
of	O
his	O
grandparents	O
'	O
house	O
in	O
Vanderbijlpark	B-LOC
near	O
Johannesburg	B-LOC
on	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

Dogs	O
fierce	O
enough	O
to	O
scare	O
off	O
burglars	O
are	O
becoming	O
increasingly	O
popular	O
in	O
the	O
crime-infested	O
Johannesburg	B-LOC
area	O
.	O

INDICATORS	O
-	O
Hungary	B-LOC
-	O
updated	O
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

NBH	B-ORG
trade	O
balance	O
Jan-May	O
-	O
$	O
934	O
million	O
(	O
Jan-April	O
-	O
$	O
774	O
million	O
)	O

The	O
NBH	B-ORG
is	O
BBB-minus	O
by	O
Duff	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Phelps	I-ORG
,	O
IBCA	B-ORG
and	O
Thomson	B-ORG
BankWatch	I-ORG
,	O
BB-plus	O
by	O
S&P	B-ORG
,	O
BA1	O
by	O
Moody	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Investors	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
,	O
BBB+	O
by	O
the	O
Japan	B-ORG
Credit	I-ORG
Rating	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
.	O

The	O
NBH	B-ORG
trade	O
data	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
cash	O
flow	O
,	O
MIT	B-ORG
data	O
on	O
customs	O
statistics	O
.	O

Fifty	O
Russians	B-MISC
die	O
in	O
clash	O
with	O
rebels-Interfax	O
.	O

At	O
least	O
50	O
Russian	B-MISC
servicemen	O
have	O
been	O
killed	O
in	O
a	O
battle	O
with	O
separatist	O
rebels	O
which	O
erupted	O
in	O
the	O
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	O
Grozny	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
continued	O
after	O
Russia	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
rebels	O
agreed	O
a	O
truce	O
,	O
Interfax	B-ORG
news	O
agency	O
said	O
.	O

Interfax	B-ORG
quoted	O
Russian	B-MISC
military	O
command	O
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
as	O
saying	O
that	O
about	O
200	O
interior	B-ORG
ministry	I-ORG
forces	O
,	O
sent	O
on	O
reconaisance	O
mission	O
,	O
clashed	O
with	O
rebels	O
at	O
Minutka	B-LOC
Square	I-LOC
.	O

The	O
Interfax	B-ORG
report	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
independently	O
confirmed	O
.	O

Moscow	B-LOC
peacemaker	O
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
and	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	B-PER
Maskhadov	I-PER
signed	O
an	O
agreement	O
earlier	O
on	O
Thursday	O
under	O
which	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
would	O
cease	O
all	O
hostilities	O
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Interfax	B-ORG
made	O
clear	O
that	O
the	O
interior	B-ORG
ministry	I-ORG
detachment	O
had	O
been	O
sent	O
on	O
the	O
mission	O
before	O
the	O
truce	O
deal	O
had	O
been	O
signed	O
at	O
the	O
local	O
equivalent	O
of	O
1500	O
GMT	B-MISC
.	O

But	O
fierce	O
fighting	O
still	O
raged	O
at	O
1600	O
GMT	B-MISC
,	O
Interfax	B-ORG
said	O
.	O

It	O
quoted	O
a	O
source	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
command	O
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
as	O
saying	O
that	O
the	O
servicemen	O
were	O
outnumbered	O
by	O
the	O
rebels	O
.	O

Polish	B-MISC
schoolgirl	O
blackmailer	O
wanted	O
textbooks	O
.	O

GDANSK	B-LOC
,	O
Poland	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

A	O
Polish	B-MISC
schoolgirl	O
blackmailed	O
two	O
women	O
with	O
anonymous	O
letters	O
threatening	O
death	O
and	O
later	O
explained	O
that	O
she	O
needed	O
money	O
for	O
textbooks	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
13-year-old	O
girl	O
tried	O
to	O
extract	O
60	O
and	O
70	O
zlotys	O
(	O
$	O
22	O
and	O
$	O
26	O
)	O
from	O
two	O
residents	O
of	O
Sierakowice	B-LOC
by	O
threatening	O
to	O
take	O
their	O
lives	O
,	O
"	O
a	O
police	O
spokesman	O
said	O
in	O
the	O
nearby	O
northern	O
city	O
of	O
Gdansk	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
the	O
women	O
reported	O
the	O
blackmail	O
letters	O
and	O
police	O
caught	O
the	O
girl	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
as	O
she	O
tried	O
to	O
pick	O
up	O
the	O
cash	O
at	O
the	O
Sierakowice	B-LOC
railway	O
station	O
.	O

"	O
Interviewed	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
psychologist	O
,	O
she	O
said	O
she	O
wanted	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
money	O
for	O
school	O
books	O
and	O
clothes	O
,	O
"	O
spokesman	O
Kazimierz	B-PER
Socha	I-PER
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

Czech	B-MISC
CNB-120	B-MISC
index	O
rises	O
1.2	O
pts	O
to	O
869.3	O
.	O

The	O
CNB-120	B-MISC
index	O
,	O
a	O
broad	O
daily	O
measure	O
of	O
Czech	B-MISC
equities	O
,	O
rose	O
1.2	O
points	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
869.3	O
,	O
the	O
Czech	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
(	O
CNB	B-ORG
)	O
said	O
.	O

--	O
Prague	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
,	O
42-2-2423-0003	O

Russians	B-MISC
,	O
rebels	O
sign	O
deal	O
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
.	O

NOVYE	B-LOC
ATAGI	I-LOC
,	O
Russia	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

Russian	B-MISC
President	O
Boris	B-PER
Yeltsin	I-PER
's	O
security	O
supremo	O
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
and	O
Chechen	B-MISC
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	B-PER
Maskhadov	I-PER
signed	O
a	O
deal	O
on	O
Thursday	O
aimed	O
at	O
ending	O
three	O
weeks	O
of	O
renewed	O
fighting	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

The	O
final	O
contents	O
of	O
the	O
document	O
negotiated	O
in	O
this	O
village	O
south	O
of	O
the	O
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	O
Grozny	B-LOC
have	O
not	O
been	O
officially	O
disclosed	O
.	O

Itar-Tass	B-ORG
news	O
agency	O
said	O
it	O
provided	O
for	O
the	O
disengagement	O
of	O
Russian	B-MISC
and	O
rebel	O
forces	O
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
.	O

Lebed	B-PER
aide	O
says	O
Russian-Chechen	B-MISC
talks	O
going	O
well	O
.	O

Talks	O
between	O
Russia	B-LOC
's	O
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
and	O
Chechen	B-MISC
separatist	O
leaders	O
were	O
going	O
well	O
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
were	O
working	O
out	O
a	O
detailed	O
schedule	O
on	O
how	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
war	O
,	O
a	O
Lebed	B-PER
aide	O
said	O
.	O

Press	O
spokesman	O
Alexander	B-PER
Barkhatov	I-PER
told	O
reporters	O
the	O
negotiations	O
,	O
being	O
held	O
at	O
this	O
rebel-held	O
village	O
some	O
20	O
km	O
(	O
12	O
miles	O
)	O
south	O
of	O
the	O
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	O
Grozny	B-LOC
,	O
were	O
progressing	O
briskly	O
and	O
being	O
conducted	O
in	O
a	O
good	O
mood	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
a	O
document	O
would	O
be	O
completed	O
in	O
an	O
hour	O
's	O
time	O
for	O
signature	O
by	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
,	O
who	O
were	O
working	O
on	O
a	O
"	O
day-by-day	O
schedule	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
war	O
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

Yeltsin	B-PER
shown	O
on	O
Russian	B-MISC
television	O
.	O

Russian	B-MISC
television	O
showed	O
a	O
brief	O
clip	O
of	O
Boris	B-PER
Yeltsin	I-PER
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
president	O
laughing	O
and	O
smiling	O
as	O
he	O
spoke	O
to	O
nominee	O
health	O
minister	O
Tatyana	B-PER
Dmitrieva	I-PER
.	O

He	O
returned	O
to	O
the	O
Kremlin	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
a	O
two-day	O
break	O
in	O
the	O
lakelands	O
of	O
northwestern	O
Russia	B-LOC
.	O

PRESS	O
DIGEST	O
-	O
Bosnia	B-LOC
-	O
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
the	O
leading	O
stories	O
in	O
the	O
Sarajevo	B-LOC
press	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
Bosnian	B-MISC
federation	O
launches	O
a	O
common	O
payment	O
system	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
new	O
system	O
taxes	O
and	O
customs	O
may	O
be	O
paid	O
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	B-MISC
dinar	O
,	O
the	O
Croatian	B-MISC
kuna	O
or	O
the	O
Deutsche	O
mark	O
until	O
a	O
new	O
Bosnian	B-MISC
currency	O
is	O
introduced	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
Bosnian	B-ORG
Association	I-ORG
for	I-ORG
Refugees	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Displaced	I-ORG
Persons	I-ORG
,	O
Mirhunisa	B-PER
Komarica	I-PER
says	O
many	O
survivors	O
of	O
the	O
1995	O
massacre	O
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	B-MISC
town	O
of	O
Srebrenica	B-LOC
are	O
languishing	O
as	O
forced	O
laborers	O
in	O
Serbian	B-MISC
mines	O
.	O

According	O
to	O
Komarica	B-PER
,	O
2,400	O
male	O
residents	O
of	O
Srebrenica	B-LOC
work	O
in	O
the	O
Trepca	B-LOC
mine	O
and	O
1,900	O
work	O
in	O
a	O
mine	O
in	O
Aleksandrovac	B-LOC
.	O

-	O
Slovenian	B-MISC
police	O
briefly	O
detain	O
two	O
Bosnian	B-MISC
opposition	O
leaders	O
in	O
Ljubljana	B-LOC
and	O
cancel	O
opposition	O
political	O
rallies	O
in	O
Ljubljana	B-LOC
and	O
Maribor	B-LOC
.	O

--	O
Sarajevo	B-LOC
newsroom	O
,	O
+387-71-663-864	O
.	O

Grozny	B-LOC
quiet	O
overnight	O
after	O
raids	O
.	O

ALKHAN-YURT	B-LOC
,	O
Russia	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

The	O
city	O
of	O
Grozny	B-LOC
,	O
pounded	O
by	O
Russian	B-MISC
planes	O
and	O
artillery	O
for	O
hours	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
calmed	O
down	O
overnight	O
,	O
although	O
sporadic	O
explosions	O
and	O
shooting	O
could	O
still	O
be	O
heard	O
.	O

Reuters	O
correspondent	O
Lawrence	B-PER
Sheets	I-PER
,	O
speaking	O
from	O
the	O
nearby	O
village	O
of	O
Alkhan-Yurt	B-LOC
,	O
said	O
he	O
had	O
heard	O
little	O
from	O
Grozny	B-LOC
since	O
Wednesday	O
evening	O
's	O
arrival	O
of	O
Russian	B-MISC
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
,	O
who	O
said	O
he	O
"	O
came	O
with	O
peace	O
"	O
.	O

Lebed	B-PER
said	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
he	O
had	O
clinched	O
a	O
truce	O
with	O
Chechen	B-MISC
separatists	O
and	O
he	O
promised	O
to	O
halt	O
a	O
threatened	O
bombing	O
assault	O
on	O
Grozny	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
the	O
rebels	O
have	O
held	O
since	O
August	O
6	O
.	O

Boat	O
passengers	O
rescued	O
off	O
Colombian	B-MISC
coast	O
.	O

BOGOTA	B-LOC
,	O
Colombia	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

Colombia	B-LOC
's	O
Coast	B-ORG
Guard	I-ORG
on	O
Thursday	O
rescued	O
12	O
people	O
lost	O
for	O
three	O
days	O
in	O
an	O
open	O
boat	O
off	O
the	O
Pacific	B-LOC
coast	O
,	O
officials	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
boat	O
had	O
been	O
missing	O
since	O
Monday	O
afternoon	O
when	O
it	O
left	O
the	O
tiny	O
island	O
of	O
Gorgona	B-LOC
off	O
Colombia	B-LOC
's	O
southwest	O
coast	O
with	O
sightseers	O
for	O
a	O
return	O
trip	O
to	O
Narino	B-LOC
province	O
,	O
near	O
the	O
border	O
with	O
Ecuador	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
boat	O
ran	O
out	O
of	O
fuel	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
radio	O
to	O
call	O
for	O
help	O
,	O
Navy	B-ORG
spokesman	O
Lt.	O
Italo	B-PER
Pineda	I-PER
said	O
.	O

The	O
boat	O
was	O
towed	O
to	O
the	O
port	O
city	O
of	O
Buenaventura	B-LOC
.	O

Argentine	B-MISC
July	O
raw	O
steel	O
output	O
up	O
14.8	O
pct	O
vs	O
'	O
95	O
.	O

Argentine	B-MISC
raw	O
steel	O
output	O
was	O
355,900	O
tonnes	O
in	O
July	O
,	O
14.8	O
percent	O
higher	O
than	O
in	O
July	O
1995	O
and	O
up	O
1.9	O
percent	O
from	O
June	O
,	O
Steel	O
Industry	O
Center	O
said	O
Thursday	O
.	O

--	O
Jason	B-PER
Webb	I-PER
,	O
Buenos	B-ORG
Aires	I-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+541	O
318-0655	O

Peru	B-LOC
's	O
guerrillas	O
kill	O
one	O
,	O
take	O
8	O
hostage	O
in	O
jungle	O
.	O

LIMA	B-LOC
,	O
Peru	B-LOC
1996-08-21	O

Peruvian	B-MISC
guerrillas	O
killed	O
one	O
man	O
and	O
took	O
eight	O
people	O
hostage	O
after	O
taking	O
over	O
a	O
village	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
northeastern	O
jungle	O
region	O
,	O
anti-	O
terrorist	O
police	O
sources	O
said	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

For	O
three	O
hours	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
around	O
100	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
Maoist	B-MISC
rebel	O
group	O
Shining	B-ORG
Path	I-ORG
took	O
control	O
of	O
Alomella	B-LOC
Robles	I-LOC
,	O
a	O
small	O
village	O
about	O
345	O
miles	O
(	O
550	O
km	O
)	O
northeast	O
of	O
Lima	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
sources	O
said	O
.	O

In	O
recent	O
months	O
the	O
Shining	B-ORG
Path	I-ORG
,	O
severely	O
weakened	O
since	O
the	O
1992	O
capture	O
of	O
its	O
leader	O
Abimael	B-PER
Guzman	I-PER
,	O
has	O
been	O
stepping	O
up	O
both	O
its	O
military	O
and	O
propaganda	O
activities	O
.	O

Peru	B-LOC
's	O
guerrilla	O
conflicts	O
have	O
cost	O
at	O
least	O
30,000	O
lives	O
and	O
$	O
25	O
billion	O
in	O
damage	O
to	O
infrastructure	O
since	O
1980	O
.	O

Former	O
Surinam	B-LOC
rebel	O
leader	O
held	O
after	O
shooting	O
.	O

PARAMARIBO	O
,	O
Surinam	B-LOC
1996-08-21	O

Flamboyant	O
former	O
Surinamese	B-MISC
rebel	O
leader	O
Ronny	B-PER
Brunswijk	I-PER
was	O
in	O
custody	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
charged	O
with	O
attempted	O
murder	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

Brunswijk	B-PER
turned	O
himself	O
into	O
police	O
after	O
Freddy	B-PER
Pinas	I-PER
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	B-MISC
visitor	O
from	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
,	O
accused	O
Brunswijk	B-PER
of	O
trying	O
to	O
kill	O
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	O
town	O
of	O
Moengo	B-LOC
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	O
of	O
Paramaribo	B-LOC
,	O
said	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	B-PER
Gajadhar	I-PER
.	O

Pinas	B-PER
,	O
showing	O
cuts	O
and	O
bruises	O
on	O
his	O
face	O
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
the	O
former	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
feared	O
Jungle	B-ORG
Command	I-ORG
had	O
tried	O
and	O
failed	O
to	O
shoot	O
him	O
after	O
Pinas	B-PER
objected	O
to	O
Brunswijk	B-PER
's	O
advances	O
toward	O
his	O
wife	O
.	O

Pinas	B-PER
said	O
Brunswijk	B-PER
then	O
ordered	O
his	O
bodyguards	O
to	O
beat	O
him	O
up	O
.	O

Brunswijk	B-PER
,	O
35	O
,	O
denied	O
the	O
charges	O
and	O
said	O
he	O
had	O
merely	O
defended	O
himself	O
when	O
Pinas	B-PER
attacked	O
him	O
with	O
a	O
bottle	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
the	O
second	O
time	O
Brunswijk	B-PER
had	O
been	O
charged	O
with	O
attempted	O
murder	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
two	O
years	O
.	O

Brunswijk	B-PER
led	O
a	O
rebel	O
group	O
of	O
about	O
1,000	O
in	O
a	O
1986	O
uprising	O
against	O
the	O
regime	O
of	O
military	O
strongman	O
Desi	B-PER
Bouterse	I-PER
.	O

The	O
conflict	O
,	O
which	O
killed	O
more	O
than	O
500	O
and	O
caused	O
thousands	O
to	O
flee	O
to	O
neighbouring	O
French	B-LOC
Guiana	I-LOC
in	O
the	O
late	O
1980s	O
,	O
eventually	O
paved	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
democratic	O
elections	O
in	O
1991	O
.	O

Despite	O
numerous	O
problems	O
with	O
authorities	O
,	O
Brunswijk	B-PER
went	O
on	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
successful	O
businessman	O
with	O
mining	O
and	O
logging	O
interests	O
.	O

Noisy	O
saw	O
leads	O
Thai	B-MISC
police	O
to	O
heroin	O
hideaway	O
.	O

A	O
Hong	B-LOC
Kong	I-LOC
carpenter	O
was	O
arrested	O
in	O
the	O
Thai	B-MISC
seaside	O
town	O
of	O
Pattaya	B-LOC
after	O
police	O
seized	O
18	O
kg	O
(	O
39.7	O
pounds	O
)	O
of	O
heroin	O
following	O
complaints	O
by	O
residents	O
of	O
a	O
noisy	O
saw	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Cheung	B-PER
Siu	I-PER
Man	I-PER
,	O
40	O
,	O
was	O
arrested	O
late	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
after	O
police	O
searched	O
a	O
house	O
and	O
found	O
heroin	O
in	O
bags	O
and	O
hidden	O
in	O
hollow	O
spaces	O
in	O
wooden	O
planks	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

Cheung	B-PER
was	O
being	O
detained	O
pending	O
formal	O
charges	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
foreign	O
minister	O
arrives	O
in	O
China	B-LOC
.	O

Australian	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Alexander	B-PER
Downer	I-PER
arrived	O
in	O
Beijing	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
for	O
a	O
four-day	O
visit	O
that	O
follows	O
rising	O
friction	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
nations	O
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
.	O

Downer	B-PER
was	O
to	O
meet	O
Chinese	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Qian	B-PER
Qichen	I-PER
and	O
sign	O
an	O
agreement	O
on	O
an	O
Australian	B-MISC
consulate	O
in	O
Hong	B-LOC
Kong	I-LOC
,	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	B-MISC
embassy	O
in	O
Beijing	B-LOC
said	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
will	O
resume	O
sovereignty	O
over	O
Hong	B-LOC
Kong	I-LOC
,	O
a	O
British	B-MISC
colony	O
,	O
in	O
mid-1997	O
.	O

Relations	O
between	O
China	B-LOC
and	O
Australia	B-LOC
have	O
been	O
strained	O
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
because	O
of	O
Australia	B-LOC
's	O
plan	O
to	O
sell	O
uranium	O
to	O
China	B-LOC
's	O
rival	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
.	O

Other	O
issues	O
affecting	O
ties	O
include	O
plans	O
by	O
an	O
Australian	B-MISC
cabinet	O
minister	O
to	O
visit	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
,	O
a	O
security	O
pact	O
between	O
Canberra	B-LOC
and	O
Washington	B-LOC
and	O
a	O
possible	O
visit	O
to	O
Australia	B-LOC
next	O
month	O
by	O
Tibet	B-LOC
's	O
exiled	O
spiritual	O
leader	O
the	O
Dalai	B-PER
Lama	I-PER
.	O

Downer	B-PER
is	O
the	O
first	O
Australian	B-MISC
minister	O
to	O
visit	O
China	B-LOC
since	O
the	O
new	O
conservative	O
government	O
took	O
office	O
in	O
Canberra	B-LOC
in	O
March	O
.	O

Palestinians	B-MISC
accuse	O
PA	B-ORG
of	O
banning	O
books	O
.	O

NABLUS	O
,	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
1996-08-22	O

A	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
bookseller	O
charged	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-ORG
Information	I-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
has	O
forced	O
him	O
to	O
sign	O
an	O
undertaking	O
not	O
to	O
distribute	O
books	O
written	O
by	O
critics	O
of	O
Israeli-PLO	B-MISC
self-rule	O
deals	O
.	O

One	O
official	O
told	O
me	O
'	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
either	O
destroy	O
the	O
books	O
or	O
return	O
them	O
to	O
Amman	B-LOC
'	O
,	O
"	O
Daoud	B-PER
Makkawi	I-PER
,	O
owner	O
of	O
the	O
Nablus-based	B-MISC
al-Risala	B-LOC
bookshop	O
,	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

He	O
said	O
ministry	O
officials	O
made	O
him	O
sign	O
this	O
a	O
few	O
weeks	O
ago	O
after	O
he	O
brought	O
about	O
a	O
dozen	O
copies	O
from	O
Jordan	B-LOC
of	O
a	O
book	O
by	O
Edward	B-PER
Said	I-PER
,	O
a	O
prominent	O
scholar	O
at	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
City	I-LOC
's	O
Columbia	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
.	O

Said	B-PER
,	O
a	O
U.S.	B-LOC
citizen	O
of	O
Palestinian	B-MISC
origin	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
an	O
outspoken	O
critic	O
of	O
the	O
1993	O
Israeli-PLO	B-MISC
self-rule	O
deal	O
and	O
has	O
written	O
at	O
least	O
two	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
accord	O
.	O

On	O
Wednesday	O
a	O
bookseller	O
in	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	B-LOC
said	O
police	O
about	O
a	O
month	O
ago	O
confiscated	O
several	O
copies	O
of	O
two	O
of	O
Said	B-PER
's	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
Israel-PLO	B-MISC
self-rule	O
deals	O
.	O

Palestinian	B-ORG
Information	I-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
Director-General	O
Mutawakel	B-PER
Taha	I-PER
denied	O
that	O
ministry	O
officials	O
forced	O
anyone	O
to	O
sign	O
any	O
undertaking	O
and	O
insisted	O
that	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-ORG
Authority	I-ORG
has	O
no	O
plans	O
to	O
censor	O
books	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
strategy	O
to	O
ban	O
books	O
or	O
to	O
suppress	O
freedom	O
of	O
expression	O
in	O
any	O
form	O
whatsoever	O
,	O
"	O
Taha	B-PER
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

But	O
Taha	B-PER
said	O
that	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
relevent	O
legislations	O
may	O
have	O
resulted	O
in	O
some	O
mistakes	O
by	O
some	O
security	O
officials	O
.	O

Daoud	O
said	O
books	O
by	O
other	O
authors	O
,	O
including	O
British	B-MISC
Journalist	O
Patrick	B-PER
Seale	I-PER
,	O
were	O
also	O
banned	O
.	O

Daoud	B-PER
said	O
.	O

Thousands	O
of	O
books	O
were	O
banned	O
from	O
sale	O
in	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
and	O
Gaza	B-LOC
Strip	I-LOC
by	O
the	O
Israeli	B-MISC
military	O
authorities	O
before	O
the	O
Jewish	B-MISC
state	O
handed	O
over	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
areas	O
to	O
the	O
PLO	B-ORG
under	O
a	O
self-rule	O
deal	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

Egypt	B-LOC
blames	O
Istanbul	B-LOC
control	O
tower	O
for	O
accident	O
.	O

The	O
chairman	O
of	O
national	O
carrier	O
EgyptAir	B-ORG
on	O
Thursday	O
blamed	O
the	O
control	O
tower	O
at	O
Istanbul	B-LOC
airport	O
for	O
the	O
EgyptAir	B-ORG
plane	O
accident	O
.	O

Twenty	O
people	O
were	O
injured	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
when	O
the	O
EgyptAir	B-ORG
Boeing	B-MISC
707	O
overshot	O
the	O
runway	O
,	O
caught	O
fire	O
,	O
hit	O
a	O
taxi	O
and	O
skipped	O
across	O
a	O
road	O
onto	O
a	O
railway	O
line	O
.	O

Chairman	O
Mohamed	B-PER
Fahim	I-PER
Rayyan	I-PER
told	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
at	O
Cairo	O
airport	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
control	O
tower	O
should	O
have	O
allocated	O
the	O
plane	O
another	O
runway	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
one	O
the	O
plane	O
landed	O
on	O
.	O
"	O

He	O
said	O
a	O
Turkish	B-MISC
civil	O
aviation	O
authority	O
official	O
had	O
made	O
the	O
same	O
point	O
and	O
he	O
noted	O
that	O
a	O
Turkish	B-MISC
plane	O
had	O
a	O
similar	O
accident	O
there	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

The	O
EgyptAir	B-ORG
pilot	O
blamed	O
Turkish	B-MISC
airport	O
staff	O
for	O
misleading	O
him	O
.	O

That	O
's	O
wrong	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
pilot	O
told	O
private	O
Ihlas	B-ORG
news	O
agency	O
in	O
English	B-MISC
.	O

Egypt	B-LOC
wants	O
nothing	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
rulers	O
.	O

The	O
Egyptian	B-MISC
government	O
will	O
have	O
nothing	O
more	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
the	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
government	O
because	O
it	O
continues	O
to	O
shelter	O
and	O
support	O
Egyptian	B-MISC
militants	O
,	O
President	O
Hosni	B-PER
Mubarak	I-PER
said	O
in	O
a	O
speech	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Egypt	B-LOC
says	O
the	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
government	O
helped	O
the	O
Moslem	B-MISC
militants	O
who	O
tried	O
to	O
kill	O
Mubarak	B-PER
in	O
Addis	B-LOC
Ababa	I-LOC
last	O
year	O
.	O

It	O
sponsored	O
last	O
week	O
's	O
U.N.	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
resolution	O
threatening	O
a	O
ban	O
on	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
flights	O
abroad	O
if	O
Khartoum	B-LOC
does	O
not	O
hand	O
over	O
three	O
men	O
accused	O
in	O
the	O
Addis	B-LOC
Ababa	I-LOC
incident	O
.	O

The	O
sanctions	O
will	O
come	O
into	O
effect	O
in	O
November	O
if	O
Sudan	B-LOC
fails	O
to	O
extradite	O
the	O
men	O
,	O
but	O
Sudan	B-LOC
says	O
it	O
cannot	O
hand	O
them	O
over	O
to	O
Ethiopia	B-LOC
for	O
trial	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
in	O
Sudan	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
still	O
eager	O
that	O
nothing	O
should	O
affect	O
the	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
people	O
but	O
we	O
will	O
not	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
current	O
regime	O
or	O
the	O
Turabi	B-PER
front	O
or	O
whatever	O
,	O
"	O
Mubarak	B-PER
told	O
a	O
group	O
of	O
academics	O
.	O

Hassan	B-PER
al-Turabi	I-PER
is	O
the	O
leader	O
of	O
the	O
National	B-ORG
Islamic	I-ORG
Front	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
political	O
force	O
behind	O
the	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
government	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
terrorists	O
they	O
are	O
sheltering	O
and	O
they	O
make	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
passorts	O
for	O
them	O
and	O
they	O
get	O
paid	O
by	O
them	O
,	O
"	O
Mubarak	B-PER
said	O
.	O

He	O
did	O
not	O
say	O
if	O
Egypt	B-LOC
would	O
go	O
so	O
far	O
as	O
to	O
break	O
relations	O
,	O
a	O
step	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
reluctant	O
to	O
take	O
,	O
ostensibly	O
because	O
it	O
would	O
affect	O
ordinary	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
.	O

Turkish	B-MISC
shares	O
shed	O
gains	O
in	O
profit-taking	O
.	O

Turkish	B-MISC
shares	O
ended	O
lower	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
shedding	O
gains	O
of	O
earlier	O
in	O
the	O
week	O
amid	O
profit-taking	O
sales	O
,	O
brokers	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
IMKB-100	B-MISC
lost	O
0.19	O
percent	O
or	O
123.89	O
points	O
to	O
end	O
at	O
64,178.78	O
.	O

I	O
expect	O
the	O
market	O
to	O
go	O
as	O
far	O
down	O
as	O
63,000	O
tomorrow	O
if	O
sales	O
continue	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Burcin	B-PER
Mavituna	I-PER
from	O
Interbank	B-ORG
.	O

The	O
session	O
's	O
most	O
active	O
shares	O
were	O
those	O
of	O
Isbank	B-ORG
gained	O
300	O
lira	O
to	O
8,600	O
.	O

Shares	O
of	O
utility	O
Cukurova	B-ORG
lost	O
3,000	O
lira	O
to	O
67,000	O
.	O

--	O
Istanbul	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
,	O
+90-212-275	O
0875	O
SA	O

Miss	B-MISC
Universe	I-MISC
hides	O
behind	O
veil	O
of	O
silence	O
.	O

Miss	B-MISC
Universe	I-MISC
,	O
Venezuela	B-LOC
's	O
Alicia	B-PER
Machado	I-PER
,	O
left	O
New	O
Mexico	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
refusing	O
to	O
answer	O
questions	O
about	O
her	O
weight	O
or	O
claims	O
she	O
was	O
told	O
to	O
either	O
go	O
on	O
a	O
crash	O
diet	O
or	O
give	O
up	O
her	O
title	O
.	O

Machado	B-PER
,	O
19	O
,	O
flew	O
to	O
Los	B-LOC
Angeles	I-LOC
after	O
slipping	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
New	B-LOC
Mexico	I-LOC
desert	O
town	O
of	O
Las	B-LOC
Cruces	I-LOC
,	O
where	O
she	O
attended	O
the	O
1996	B-MISC
Miss	I-MISC
Teen	I-MISC
USA	I-MISC
pageant	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

While	O
Machado	B-PER
was	O
not	O
a	O
contestant	O
here	O
,	O
she	O
came	O
under	O
intense	O
scrutiny	O
following	O
reports	O
she	O
was	O
given	O
an	O
ultimatum	O
by	O
Los	B-MISC
Angeles-based	I-MISC
Miss	B-ORG
Universe	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
to	O
drop	O
27	O
pounds	O
(	O
12	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
two	O
weeks	O
or	O
risk	O
losing	O
her	O
crown	O
.	O

In	O
Venezuela	B-LOC
,	O
her	O
mother	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
that	O
Machado	B-PER
had	O
a	O
swollen	O
face	O
when	O
she	O
left	O
home	O
two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
because	O
she	O
had	O
her	O
wisdom	O
teeth	O
extracted	O
.	O

Marta	B-PER
Fajardo	I-PER
insisted	O
her	O
daughter	O
,	O
who	O
weighed	O
112	O
pounds	O
(	O
51	O
kg	O
)	O
when	O
she	O
won	O
the	O
Miss	B-MISC
Universe	I-MISC
title	O
in	O
Las	B-LOC
Vegas	I-LOC
in	O
May	O
,	O
had	O
perfectly	O
normal	O
eating	O
habits	O
.	O

Organisers	O
flatly	O
denied	O
ever	O
threatening	O
Machado	B-PER
but	O
immediately	O
put	O
her	O
under	O
wraps	O
and	O
blocked	O
access	O
to	O
her	O
.	O

Dressed	O
in	O
a	O
black	O
strapless	O
evening	O
gown	O
at	O
Wednesday	O
's	O
pageant	O
,	O
Machado	B-PER
was	O
clearly	O
heavier	O
than	O
the	O
contestants	O
but	O
still	O
won	O
rave	O
reviews	O
after	O
her	O
brief	O
appearance	O
on	O
stage	O
.	O

She	O
's	O
fantastic	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Nikki	B-PER
Campbell	I-PER
,	O
28	O
,	O
who	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
pageant	O
.	O
"	O

Machado	B-PER
's	O
publicists	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
she	O
was	O
scheduled	O
to	O
stay	O
in	O
Los	B-LOC
Angeles	I-LOC
for	O
promotional	O
work	O
with	O
sponsors	O
before	O
returning	O
to	O
Venezuela	B-LOC
on	O
Sept	O
.	O

Beauty	O
queens	O
are	O
high-profile	O
personalities	O
in	O
Venezuela	B-LOC
and	O
Machado	B-PER
's	O
alleged	O
weight	O
problem	O
made	O
front	O
page	O
news	O
this	O
week	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Miss	B-ORG
Venezuela	I-ORG
Organisation	I-ORG
who	O
first	O
said	O
Machado	B-PER
had	O
been	O
told	O
to	O
lose	O
weight	O
fast	O
.	O

Martin	B-PER
Brooks	I-PER
,	O
president	O
of	O
Miss	B-ORG
Universe	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
,	O
said	O
he	O
spoke	O
with	O
Machado	B-PER
to	O
assure	O
her	O
that	O
organisers	O
were	O
not	O
putting	O
pressure	O
on	O
her	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
the	O
lifestyle	O
associated	O
with	O
being	O
Miss	B-MISC
Universe	I-MISC
could	O
make	O
routine	O
exercise	O
difficult	O
.	O

I	O
dont	O
know	O
if	O
Alicia	B-PER
is	O
working	O
out	O
.	O

Kevorkian	B-PER
attends	O
third	O
suicide	O
in	O
week	O
.	O

PONTIAC	B-LOC
,	O
Mich	B-LOC
.	O

Dr.	O
Jack	B-PER
Kevorkian	I-PER
attended	O
his	O
third	O
suicide	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
week	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
bringing	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
a	O
40-year-old	O
Missouri	B-LOC
woman	O
suffering	O
from	O
multiple	O
sclerosis	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	O
emergency	O
room	O
,	O
doctors	O
said	O
.	O

Dr	O
Robert	B-PER
Aranosian	I-PER
,	O
emergency	O
room	O
director	O
at	O
Pontiac	B-LOC
Osteopathic	I-LOC
Hospital	I-LOC
,	O
said	O
Kevorkian	B-PER
brought	O
in	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
Patricia	B-PER
Smith	I-PER
,	O
of	O
Lees	B-LOC
Summit	I-LOC
,	O
Mo	B-LOC
.	O

Kevorkian	B-PER
's	O
lawyer	O
,	O
Geoffrey	B-PER
Fieger	I-PER
,	O
said	O
those	O
attending	O
Smith	B-PER
's	O
death	O
included	O
her	O
husband	O
,	O
David	B-PER
,	O
a	O
police	O
officer	O
,	O
her	O
father	O
,	O
James	B-PER
Poland	I-PER
,	O
and	O
Kevorkian	B-PER
.	O

It	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
known	O
time	O
that	O
a	O
police	O
officer	O
has	O
been	O
president	O
at	O
the	O
suicide	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
Kevorkian	B-PER
's	O
patients	O
.	O

He	O
offered	O
no	O
details	O
about	O
the	O
cause	O
of	O
Smith	B-PER
's	O
death	O
or	O
the	O
location	O
.	O

On	O
Tuesday	O
night	O
,	O
Kevorkian	B-PER
attended	O
the	O
death	O
of	O
Louise	B-PER
Siebens	I-PER
,	O
a	O
76-year-old	O
Texas	B-LOC
woman	O
with	O
amyotrophic	O
lateral	O
sclerosis	O
,	O
or	O
Lou	B-PER
Gehrig	I-PER
's	O
disease	O
.	O

On	O
August	O
15	O
,	O
Kevorkian	B-PER
helped	O
Judith	B-PER
Curren	I-PER
,	O
a	O
42-year-old	O
Massachusetts	B-LOC
nurse	O
,	O
who	O
suffered	O
from	O
chronic	O
fatigue	O
syndrome	O
,	O
a	O
non-terminal	O
illness	O
,	O
to	O
end	O
her	O
life	O
.	O

Fairview	B-LOC
,	O
Texas	B-LOC
,	O
$	O
1.82	O
million	O
deal	O
Baa1	O
-	O
Moody	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
.	O

Issuer	O
:	O
Fairview	B-LOC
Town	I-LOC

State	O
:	O
TX	B-LOC

Defiant	O
U.S.	B-LOC
neo-Nazi	O
jailed	O
by	O
German	O
court	O
.	O

HAMBURG	B-LOC
,	O
Germany	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

A	O
Hamburg	B-LOC
court	O
sentenced	O
U.S.	B-LOC
neo-Nazi	B-MISC
leader	O
Gary	B-PER
Lauck	I-PER
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
four	O
years	O
in	O
prison	O
for	O
pumping	O
banned	O
extremist	O
propaganda	O
into	O
Germany	B-LOC
from	O
his	O
base	O
in	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
,	O
from	O
Lincoln	B-LOC
,	O
Nebraska	B-LOC
,	O
yelled	O
a	O
tirade	O
of	O
abuse	O
at	O
the	O
court	O
after	O
his	O
conviction	O
for	O
inciting	O
racial	O
hatred	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
struggle	O
will	O
go	O
on	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
43-year-old	O
shouted	O
in	O
German	B-MISC
before	O
being	O
escorted	O
out	O
by	O
security	O
guards	O
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
's	O
lawyer	O
vowed	O
he	O
would	O
appeal	O
against	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
decision	O
,	O
arguing	O
that	O
his	O
client	O
should	O
have	O
been	O
set	O
free	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
not	O
committed	O
any	O
offence	O
under	O
German	B-MISC
law	O
.	O

The	O
German	B-MISC
government	O
hailed	O
the	O
conviction	O
as	O
a	O
major	O
victory	O
in	O
the	O
fight	O
against	O
neo-Nazism	B-MISC
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
's	O
worldwide	O
network	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
main	O
source	O
of	O
anti-Semitic	B-MISC
propaganda	O
material	O
flowing	O
into	O
Germany	B-LOC
since	O
the	O
1970s	O
.	O

"	O
Lauck	B-PER
possessed	O
a	O
well-oiled	O
propaganda	O
machine	O
,	O
honed	O
during	O
more	O
than	O
20	O
years	O
,	O
"	O
presiding	O
judge	O
Guenter	B-PER
Bertram	I-PER
told	O
the	O
court	O
.	O

"	O
He	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
propaganda	O
cannon	O
and	O
fired	O
it	O
at	O
Germany	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

said	O
Bertram	B-PER
,	O
who	O
also	O
read	O
out	O
extracts	O
from	O
Lauck	B-PER
's	O
material	O
praising	O
Hitler	B-PER
as	O
"	O
the	O
greatest	O
of	O
all	O
leaders	O
"	O
and	O
describing	O
the	O
Nazi	B-MISC
slaughter	O
of	O
millions	O
of	O
Jews	B-MISC
as	O
a	O
myth	O
.	O

Eager	O
to	O
put	O
Lauck	B-PER
behind	O
bars	O
quickly	O
and	O
avoid	O
a	O
long	O
and	O
complex	O
trial	O
,	O
prosecutor	O
Bernd	B-PER
Mauruschat	I-PER
limited	O
his	O
charges	O
to	O
offences	O
since	O
1994	O
.	O

Publishing	O
and	O
distributing	O
neo-Nazi	B-MISC
material	O
is	O
illegal	O
in	O
Germany	B-LOC
but	O
Lauck	B-PER
's	O
defence	O
team	O
had	O
argued	O
that	O
U.S	B-LOC
freedom	O
of	O
speech	O
laws	O
meant	O
he	O
was	O
free	O
to	O
produce	O
his	O
swastika-covered	O
books	O
,	O
magazines	O
,	O
videos	O
and	O
flags	O
in	O
his	O
homeland	O
.	O

Interior	O
Minister	O
Manfred	B-PER
Kanther	I-PER
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
he	O
"	O
welcomed	O
the	O
prosecution	O
and	O
conviction	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
ringleaders	O
of	O
international	O
neo-Nazism	B-MISC
and	O
biggest	O
distributers	O
of	O
vicious	O
racist	O
publications	O
"	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
is	O
high	O
time	O
he	O
was	O
behind	O
bars	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
opposition	O
Social	B-MISC
Democrats	I-MISC
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
,	O
dressed	O
in	O
a	O
sober	O
blue	O
suit	O
and	O
sporting	O
his	O
trademark	O
Hitleresque	B-MISC
black	O
moustache	O
,	O
showed	O
no	O
sign	O
of	O
emotion	O
as	O
Bertram	B-PER
spent	O
more	O
than	O
an	O
hour	O
reading	O
out	O
the	O
verdict	O
and	O
explaining	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
decision	O
.	O

But	O
as	O
Lauck	B-PER
was	O
about	O
to	O
be	O
led	O
away	O
,	O
he	O
turned	O
to	O
reporters	O
and	O
blurted	O
out	O
a	O
virtually	O
incomprehensible	O
quick-fire	O
diatribe	O
against	O
the	O
court	O
.	O

"	O
Neither	O
the	O
National	B-MISC
Socialists	I-MISC
(	O
Nazis	B-MISC
)	O
nor	O
the	O
communists	O
dared	O
to	O
kidnap	O
an	O
American	B-MISC
citizen	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
shouted	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
oblique	O
reference	O
to	O
his	O
extradition	O
to	O
Germany	B-LOC
from	O
Denmark	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

His	O
attorney	O
,	O
Hans-Otto	B-PER
Sieg	I-PER
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
outside	O
the	O
courtroom	O
that	O
the	O
judges	O
had	O
not	O
explained	O
how	O
a	O
German	B-MISC
court	O
could	O
judge	O
someone	O
for	O
actions	O
carried	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
.	O

Bertram	B-PER
said	O
Lauck	B-PER
was	O
obsessed	O
by	O
Nazism	B-MISC
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	B-ORG
Socialist	I-ORG
German	I-ORG
Workers	I-ORG
'	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Organisation	I-ORG
(	O
NSDAP-AO	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	O
its	O
name	O
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	B-MISC
title	O
of	O
Hitler	B-PER
's	O
Nazi	B-MISC
party	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
three-month	O
trial	O
,	O
the	O
court	O
dealt	O
mainly	O
with	O
issues	O
of	O
the	O
NSDAP-AO	B-ORG
's	O
"	O
NS	B-ORG
Kampfruf	I-ORG
"	O
(	O
"	O
National	B-ORG
Socialist	I-ORG
Battle	I-ORG
Cry	I-ORG
"	O
)	O
magazine	O
,	O
filled	O
with	O
references	O
to	O
Aryan	B-MISC
supremacy	O
and	O
defamatory	O
statements	O
about	O
Jews	B-MISC
.	O

The	O
court	O
rejected	O
Sieg	B-PER
's	O
argument	O
that	O
Lauck	B-PER
's	O
extradition	O
from	O
Denmark	B-LOC
,	O
where	O
he	O
was	O
arrested	O
in	O
March	O
last	O
year	O
at	O
the	O
request	O
of	O
German	B-MISC
authorities	O
,	O
was	O
illegal	O
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
was	O
also	O
convicted	O
of	O
disseminating	O
the	O
symbols	O
of	O
anti-constitutional	O
organisations	O
.	O

UN	O
official	O
says	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
deal	O
will	O
occur	O
"	O
soon	O
"	O
.	O

A	O
senior	O
U.N.	B-ORG
official	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
he	O
expected	O
arrangements	O
to	O
implement	O
the	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
oil-for-food	O
deal	O
could	O
be	O
completed	O
"	O
quite	O
soon	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
I	O
am	O
reluctant	O
to	O
speculate	O
but	O
we	O
are	O
doing	O
the	O
preparations	O
and	O
the	O
secretary-general	O
is	O
anxious	O
to	O
start	O
the	O
program	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Undersecretary-General	O
Yasushi	B-PER
Akashi	I-PER
.	O

"	O
It	O
might	O
be	O
sooner	O
than	O
you	O
think	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
reporters	O
after	O
briefing	O
the	O
Security	B-ORG
Council	I-ORG
on	O
arrangements	O
for	O
monitors	O
needed	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
the	O
agreement	O
.	O

Akashi	B-PER
is	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
Department	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Humanitarian	I-ORG
affairs	I-ORG
.	O

Suspected	O
killers	O
of	O
bishop	O
dead	O
--	O
Algeria	B-ORG
TV	I-ORG
.	O

Algerian	B-MISC
security	O
forces	O
have	O
shot	O
dead	O
three	O
Moslem	B-MISC
guerrillas	O
suspected	O
of	O
killing	O
a	O
leading	O
French	B-MISC
bishop	O
in	O
western	O
Algeria	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
Algerian	B-MISC
state-run	O
television	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Security	O
forces	O
also	O
arrested	O
four	O
other	O
men	O
sought	O
for	O
giving	O
support	O
to	O
the	O
slain	O
Moslem	B-MISC
rebels	O
,	O
the	O
television	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
television	O
,	O
which	O
did	O
not	O
say	O
when	O
the	O
security	O
forces	O
killed	O
the	O
rebels	O
,	O
said	O
the	O
four	O
arrested	O
men	O
confessed	O
details	O
of	O
the	O
assassination	O
of	O
the	O
French	B-MISC
Roman	B-MISC
Catholic	I-MISC
Bishop	O
Pierre	O
Claverie	O
.	O

The	O
58-year-old	O
Claverie	B-PER
was	O
killed	O
in	O
August	O
1	O
in	O
a	O
bomb	O
blast	O
at	O
his	O
residence	O
in	O
the	O
western	O
Algerian	B-MISC
city	O
of	O
Oran	B-LOC
,	O
hours	O
after	O
he	O
met	O
visiting	O
French	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Herve	B-PER
de	I-PER
Charette	I-PER
in	O
Algiers	B-LOC
.	O

An	O
estimated	O
50,000	O
Algerians	B-MISC
and	O
more	O
than	O
110	O
foreigners	O
have	O
been	O
killed	O
in	O
Algeria	B-LOC
's	O
violence	O
pitting	O
Moslem	B-MISC
rebels	O
against	O
the	O
Algerian	B-MISC
government	O
forces	O
since	O
early	O
1992	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
authorities	O
cancelled	O
a	O
general	O
election	O
in	O
which	O
radical	O
Islamists	B-MISC
took	O
a	O
commanding	O
lead	O
.	O

German	B-MISC
flown	O
cargo	O
January-July	O
rise	O
3.8	O
percent	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
table	O
shows	O
total	O
flown	O
air	O
cargo	O
volumes	O
in	O
tonnes	O
handled	O
at	O
international	O
German	B-MISC
airports	O
January-July	O
1996	O
.	O

The	O
figures	O
exclude	O
trucked	O
airfreight	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
airports	O
association	O
ADV	O
.	O

-	O
Tegel	B-LOC
10,896	O
up	O
3.1	O

-	O
Tempelhof	B-LOC
202	O
down	O
60.0	O

Bremen	B-LOC
1,453	O
up	O
13.1	O

Dresden	B-LOC
792	O
up	O
11.4	O

Duessseldorf	B-LOC
31,347	O
down	O
4.4	O

Hamburg	B-LOC
21,240	O
down	O
3.5	O

Koeln	B-LOC
(	O
Cologne	B-LOC
)	O
182,887	O
up	O
11.8	O

Leipzig	B-LOC
/	O
Halle	B-LOC
1,806	O
up	O
45.6	O

Munich	B-LOC
44,525	O
up	O
11.8	O

Muenster	B-LOC
/	O
Osnabrueck	B-LOC
382	O
up	O
28.2	O

Saarbruecken	B-LOC
626	O
up	O
28.3	O

Stuttgart	B-LOC
10,655	O
up	O
11.7	O

-	O
Air	B-ORG
Cargo	I-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
Tel+44	O
161	O
542	O
7706	O
Fax+44	O
171	O
542	O
5017	O

Paribas	B-ORG
repeats	O
buy	O
on	O
Aegon	B-ORG
after	O
results	O
.	O

Aegon	O
83.40	O
Paribas	B-ORG

COMMENT	O
:	O
"	O
Not	O
only	O
did	O
Aegon	B-ORG
surprise	O
with	O
earnings	O
of	O
711	O
million	O
guilders	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
above	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
expected	O
range	O
,	O
it	O
also	O
forecast	O
a	O
similar	O
performance	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
half	O
.	O
"	O

Estimates	O
(	O
Dfl	B-MISC
)	O
:	O
EPS	O
P	O
/	O
E	O
Dividend	O

Clinton	B-PER
's	O
Ballybunion	B-ORG
fans	O
invited	O
to	O
Chicago	B-LOC
.	O

U.S.	B-LOC
President	O
Bill	B-PER
Clinton	I-PER
had	O
to	O
drop	O
the	O
resort	O
of	O
Ballybunion	B-ORG
from	O
a	O
whirlwind	O
Irish	B-MISC
tour	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

So	O
Ballybunion	B-ORG
is	O
going	O
to	O
America	O
instead	O
.	O

Two	O
residents	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	B-LOC
resort	O
,	O
where	O
Clinton	B-PER
was	O
to	O
have	O
played	O
golf	O
with	O
the	O
Irish	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Dick	B-PER
Spring	I-PER
,	O
have	O
been	O
invited	O
to	O
the	O
Democratic	B-MISC
party	O
convention	O
in	O
Chicago	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
26-29	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
been	O
asked	O
to	O
bring	O
with	O
them	O
the	O
placards	O
they	O
waved	O
when	O
Clinton	B-PER
addressed	O
Ireland	B-LOC
at	O
a	O
packed	O
ceremony	O
in	O
Dublin	B-LOC
city	O
centre	O
on	O
December	O
1	O
,	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

They	O
read	O
:	O
"	O
Ballybunion	B-ORG
backs	O
Clinton	B-PER
.	O
"	O

"	O
The	O
Democratic	B-MISC
party	O
have	O
requested	O
we	O
bring	O
our	O
placards	O
with	O
us	O
.	O

We	O
will	O
be	O
guests	O
of	O
the	O
Kennedys	B-PER
,	O
"	O
said	O
Frank	O
Quilter	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
invited	O
to	O
Chicago	B-LOC
.	O

Clinton	B-PER
made	O
a	O
triumphant	O
Irish	B-MISC
tour	O
to	O
back	O
a	O
Northern	B-LOC
Ireland	I-LOC
peace	O
process	O
but	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
drop	O
Ballybunion	B-ORG
from	O
a	O
packed	O
schedule	O
at	O
the	O
last	O
minute	O
.	O

Bonn	B-LOC
says	O
Moscow	B-LOC
has	O
promised	O
to	O
observe	O
ceasefire	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
had	O
received	O
assurances	O
from	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
government	O
that	O
its	O
forces	O
would	O
observe	O
the	O
latest	O
ceasefire	O
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
.	O

Foreign	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
spokesman	O
Martin	B-PER
Erdmann	I-PER
said	O
top	O
Bonn	B-LOC
diplomat	O
Wolfgang	B-PER
Ischinger	I-PER
had	O
been	O
assured	O
by	O
senior	O
Russian	B-MISC
officials	O
that	O
the	O
ultimatum	O
to	O
storm	O
and	O
take	O
the	O
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	O
of	O
Grozny	B-LOC
was	O
not	O
valid	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
Russian	B-MISC
side	O
confirmed	O
that	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
is	O
in	O
place	O
and	O
they	O
will	O
keep	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
Erdmann	B-PER
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
after	O
speaking	O
by	O
telephone	O
to	O
Ischinger	B-PER
,	O
who	O
had	O
met	O
the	O
officials	O
on	O
a	O
two-day	O
visit	O
to	O
Moscow	B-LOC
.	O

He	O
returned	O
to	O
Bonn	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Ischinger	B-PER
is	O
the	O
political	O
director	O
of	O
Bonn	B-LOC
's	O
foreign	O
ministry	O
.	O

Ischinger	B-PER
said	O
he	O
met	O
three	O
Russian	B-MISC
deputy	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
and	O
a	O
vice	O
defence	O
minister	O
,	O
who	O
confirmed	O
Russian	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Yevgeny	B-PER
Primakov	I-PER
's	O
pledge	O
that	O
Moscow	B-LOC
would	O
seek	O
a	O
political	O
solution	O
under	O
the	O
aegis	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	B-ORG
for	I-ORG
Security	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Cooperation	I-ORG
in	I-ORG
Europe	I-ORG
(	O
OSCE	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
ultimatum	O
(	O
to	O
storm	O
Grozny	B-LOC
)	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
quoting	O
Ischinger	B-PER
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
sent	O
to	O
Moscow	B-LOC
by	O
German	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Klaus	B-PER
Kinkel	I-PER
as	O
his	O
personal	O
envoy	O
to	O
urge	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
Moscow	B-LOC
's	O
military	O
campaign	O
in	O
the	O
breakaway	O
region	O
.	O

Ischinger	B-PER
said	O
the	O
threat	O
of	O
a	O
major	O
assault	O
to	O
take	O
Grozny	B-LOC
had	O
been	O
the	O
unauthorised	O
initiative	O
of	O
the	O
commanding	O
general	O
and	O
not	O
Moscow	B-LOC
's	O
intention	O
.	O

The	O
officials	O
had	O
been	O
positive	O
about	O
Kinkel	B-PER
's	O
request	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
President	O
Boris	B-PER
Yeltsin	I-PER
's	O
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
should	O
,	O
on	O
his	O
return	O
to	O
Moscow	B-LOC
,	O
meet	O
Tim	B-PER
Goldiman	I-PER
,	O
the	O
OSCE	B-ORG
representative	O
responsible	O
for	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
,	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
says	O
sees	O
no	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
China	B-LOC
,	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
.	O

India	B-LOC
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
its	O
opposition	O
to	O
a	O
global	O
nuclear	O
test	O
ban	O
treaty	O
did	O
not	O
mean	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
intended	O
to	O
enter	O
into	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
neighbouring	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
and	O
China	B-LOC
.	O

Foreign	O
Minister	O
I.K.	B-PER
Gujral	I-PER
was	O
asked	O
at	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
if	O
India	B-LOC
's	O
decision	O
to	O
block	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
accord	O
in	O
Geneva	B-LOC
would	O
lead	O
to	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
and	O
China	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
that	O
possibility	O
because	O
India	B-LOC
is	O
not	O
entering	O
into	O
any	O
arms	O
race	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O
"	O

China	B-LOC
,	O
along	O
with	O
Britain	B-LOC
,	O
France	B-LOC
,	O
Russia	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
,	O
is	O
a	O
declared	O
nuclear	O
power	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
carried	O
out	O
a	O
nuclear	O
test	O
in	O
1974	O
but	O
says	O
it	O
has	O
not	O
built	O
the	O
bomb	O
.	O

Experts	O
believe	O
both	O
India	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
could	O
quickly	O
assemble	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
.	O

Gujral	B-PER
said	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
expect	O
India	B-LOC
's	O
veto	O
of	O
the	O
Comprehensive	B-MISC
Test	I-MISC
Ban	I-MISC
Treaty	I-MISC
(	O
CTBT	B-MISC
)	O
to	O
damage	O
bilateral	O
ties	O
with	O
other	O
nations	O
.	O

Gujral	B-PER
said	O
India	B-LOC
would	O
re-examine	O
its	O
position	O
if	O
the	O
treaty	O
,	O
particularly	O
a	O
clause	O
providing	O
for	O
its	O
entry	O
into	O
force	O
,	O
was	O
modified	O
.	O

Asked	O
what	O
India	B-LOC
would	O
do	O
if	O
the	O
pact	O
were	O
forwarded	O
to	O
the	O
United	B-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
General	I-ORG
Assembly	I-ORG
,	O
Gujral	B-PER
said	O
:	O
"	O
That	O
bridge	O
I	O
will	O
cross	O
when	O
I	O
come	O
to	O
it	O
.	O
"	O

In	O
a	O
written	O
statement	O
released	O
at	O
the	O
news	O
conference	O
,	O
Gujral	B-PER
reiterated	O
India	B-LOC
's	O
objections	O
to	O
the	O
treaty	O
,	O
under	O
negotiation	O
at	O
the	O
Conference	B-MISC
on	I-MISC
Disarmament	I-MISC
in	O
Geneva	B-LOC
.	O

Gujral	B-PER
said	O
India	B-LOC
had	O
national	O
security	O
concerns	O
that	O
made	O
it	O
impossible	O
for	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
to	O
sign	O
the	O
CTBT	B-MISC
.	O

"	O
Our	O
security	O
concerns	O
oblige	O
us	O
to	O
maintain	O
our	O
nuclear	O
option	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
adding	O
that	O
India	B-LOC
had	O
exercised	O
restraint	O
in	O
not	O
carrying	O
out	O
any	O
nuclear	O
tests	O
since	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
lone	O
test	O
blast	O
in	O
1974	O
.	O

Britain	B-LOC
says	O
death	O
of	O
its	O
citizen	O
will	O
sour	O
ties	O
.	O

A	O
British	B-MISC
minister	O
expressed	O
his	O
government	O
's	O
official	O
disquiet	O
on	O
Thursday	O
at	O
the	O
recent	O
death	O
of	O
a	O
British	B-MISC
citizen	O
of	O
Bangladeshi	B-MISC
origin	O
at	O
Dhaka	B-LOC
airport	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
have	O
told	O
Bangladesh	B-LOC
leaders	O
that	O
British	B-MISC
goverment	O
has	O
attached	O
serious	O
importance	O
to	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
tragic	O
death	O
of	O
Siraj	B-PER
Mia	I-PER
,	O
"	O
Under-Secretary	O
of	O
State	O
for	O
Foreign	O
and	O
Commonwealth	B-ORG
Affairs	O
Liam	B-PER
Fox	I-PER
Fox	I-PER
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

Siraj	B-PER
Mia	I-PER
died	O
at	O
Dhaka	B-LOC
airport	O
on	O
May	O
9	O
during	O
interogation	O
by	O
customs	O
officials	O
after	O
arriving	O
from	O
London	B-LOC
.	O

Fox	B-PER
,	O
who	O
arrived	O
in	O
Bangladesh	B-LOC
on	O
Tuesday	O
on	O
four-day	O
visit	O
,	O
said	O
Britain	B-LOC
wanted	O
Dhaka	B-LOC
to	O
act	O
seriously	O
on	O
the	O
case	O
.	O

this	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
issue	O
in	O
our	O
relationship	O
"	O
,	O
said	O
Fox	B-PER
,	O
who	O
is	O
due	O
to	O
leave	O
for	O
Nepal	B-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
the	O
Mia	B-PER
's	O
issue	O
had	O
been	O
raised	O
in	O
the	O
House	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commons	I-ORG
.	O

Fox	B-PER
said	O
he	O
had	O
brought	O
up	O
the	O
issue	O
at	O
every	O
meeting	O
he	O
had	O
had	O
with	O
government	O
leaders	O
in	O
Dhaka	B-LOC
.	O

He	O
said	O
the	O
Bangladesh	B-LOC
government	O
had	O
assured	O
him	O
it	O
was	O
taking	O
the	O
matter	O
seriously	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
British	B-MISC
government	O
wants	O
a	O
thorough	O
investigation	O
and	O
a	O
just	O
outcome	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

Fox	B-PER
said	O
the	O
British	B-MISC
government	O
wanted	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
the	O
alleged	O
harassment	O
of	O
its	O
nationals	O
at	O
Dhaka	B-LOC
airport	O
by	O
customs	O
officials	O
.	O

Bangladesh	B-LOC
's	O
Criminal	B-ORG
Investigation	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
has	O
charged	O
two	O
immigration	O
officials	O
in	O
connection	O
with	O
Mia	B-PER
's	O
killing	O
.	O

Mia	B-PER
,	O
a	O
father	O
of	O
five	O
children	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
restaurant	O
business	O
in	O
a	O
London	B-LOC
suburb	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
fears	O
attempts	O
to	O
disrupt	O
Kashmir	B-LOC
polls	O
.	O

SRINAGAR	B-LOC
,	O
India	O
1996-08-22	O

India	B-LOC
's	O
Home	O
(	O
interior	O
)	O
Minister	O
accused	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
on	O
on	O
Thursday	O
of	O
planning	O
to	O
disrupt	O
state	O
elections	O
in	O
troubled	O
Jammu	B-LOC
and	O
Kashmir	B-LOC
state	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
seems	O
that	O
from	O
across	O
the	O
border	O
there	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
planned	O
attempt	O
to	O
disrupt	O
the	O
elections	O
,	O
"	O
Inderjit	B-PER
Gupta	I-PER
told	O
reporters	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
capital	O
Srinagar	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
local	O
polls	O
next	O
month	O
will	O
be	O
the	O
first	O
since	O
1987	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
,	O
clamped	O
under	O
direct	O
rule	O
from	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
since	O
1990	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
has	O
often	O
accused	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
of	O
abetting	O
militancy	O
in	O
the	O
valley	O
,	O
a	O
charge	O
Islamabad	B-LOC
has	O
always	O
denied	O
.	O

Gupta	B-PER
said	O
there	O
might	O
be	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
people	O
infiltrating	O
the	O
Kashmir	B-LOC
valley	O
to	O
create	O
disturbance	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
noticed	O
among	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
come	O
from	O
across	O
the	O
border	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
growing	O
number	O
of	O
foreign	O
mercenaries	O
,	O
"	O
Gupta	B-PER
said	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
have	O
fought	O
two	O
of	O
their	O
three	O
wars	O
over	O
the	O
troubled	O
region	O
of	O
Kashmir	B-LOC
since	O
independence	O
from	O
Britain	B-LOC
in	O
1947	O
.	O

Prime	O
Minister	O
H.D.	B-PER
Deve	I-PER
Gowda	I-PER
's	O
centre-left	O
government	O
hopes	O
the	O
elections	O
will	O
help	O
restore	O
normality	O
and	O
democratic	O
rule	O
in	O
Jammu	B-LOC
and	O
Kashmir	B-LOC
,	O
where	O
more	O
than	O
20,000	O
people	O
have	O
died	O
in	O
insurgency-related	O
violence	O
since	O
1990	O
.	O

Over	O
a	O
dozen	O
militant	O
groups	O
are	O
fighting	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
's	O
rule	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
.	O

Dhaka	B-LOC
stocks	O
end	O
up	O
on	O
gains	O
by	O
engineering	O
,	O
banks	O
.	O

Dhaka	B-LOC
stocks	O
edged	O
up	O
on	O
sharply	O
higher	O
volume	O
as	O
engineering	O
and	O
cash	O
shares	O
gained	O
amid	O
buying	O
by	O
both	O
small	O
and	O
institutional	O
investors	O
,	O
brokers	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
Dhaka	B-ORG
Stock	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
(	O
DSE	B-ORG
)	O
all-share	O
price	O
index	O
rose	O
8.05	O
points	O
or	O
0.7	O
percent	O
to	O
1,156.79	O
on	O
a	O
turnover	O
of	O
146.2	O
million	O
taka	O
.	O

National	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
rose	O
12.71	O
taka	O
to	O
228.7	O
,	O
Eastern	B-ORG
Cables	I-ORG
gained	O
20.37	O
to	O
677.98	O
and	O
Apex	B-ORG
Tannery	I-ORG
lost	O
22.72	O
to	O
597	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
RBI	B-ORG
chief	O
sees	O
cut	O
in	O
cash	O
reserve	O
ratio	O
.	O

The	O
Reserve	B-ORG
bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
India	I-ORG
governor	O
C.	B-PER
Rangarajan	I-PER
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
he	O
expected	O
the	O
cash	O
reserve	O
ratio	O
(	O
CRR	O
)	O
maintained	O
by	O
banks	O
to	O
be	O
reduced	O
over	O
the	O
medium	O
term	O
.	O

"	O
Over	O
the	O
medium	O
term	O
,	O
yes	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
after	O
addressing	O
industrialists	O
in	O
the	O
capital	O
.	O

Rangarajan	B-PER
explained	O
that	O
the	O
cash	O
reserve	O
ratio	O
was	O
an	O
instrument	O
that	O
central	O
banks	O
could	O
use	O
to	O
regulate	O
money	O
supply	O
by	O
reducing	O
or	O
increasing	O
the	O
ratio	O
.	O

--	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
newsroom	O
,	O
+91-11-3012024	O

Two	O
pct	O
India	B-LOC
current	O
account	O
deficit	O
viable	O
-	O
RBI	B-ORG
.	O

The	O
Reserve	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
India	I-ORG
Governor	O
Chakravarty	B-PER
Rangarajan	I-PER
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
a	O
current	O
account	O
deficit	O
of	O
two	O
percent	O
of	O
gross	O
domestic	O
product	O
(	O
GDP	O
)	O
was	O
sustainable	O
given	O
the	O
currrent	O
rate	O
of	O
growth	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
current	O
account	O
deficit	O
of	O
around	O
two	O
percent	O
of	O
GDP	O
is	O
a	O
sustainable	O
level	O
of	O
deficit	O
given	O
the	O
expected	O
real	O
growth	O
rate	O
and	O
the	O
trends	O
in	O
imports	O
and	O
exports	O
,	O
"	O
Rangarajan	B-PER
said	O
in	O
an	O
address	O
to	O
business	O
leaders	O
in	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
.	O

Rangarajan	B-PER
said	O
a	O
current	O
account	O
deficit	O
of	O
two	O
percent	O
brought	O
about	O
by	O
a	O
16-17	O
percent	O
annual	O
growth	O
in	O
exports	O
and	O
a	O
14-15	O
percent	O
rise	O
in	O
imports	O
along	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
non-debt	O
flows	O
could	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
debt-service	O
ratio	O
to	O
below	O
20	O
percent	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
five	O
years	O
.	O

--	O
Bombay	B-LOC
newsroom	O
+91-22-265	O
9000	O

Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
devoted	O
to	O
world	O
's	O
poor	O
.	O

Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
,	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
Saint	B-PER
of	I-PER
the	I-PER
Gutters	I-PER
,	O
won	O
the	O
Nobel	B-MISC
Peace	I-MISC
Prize	I-MISC
in	O
1979	O
for	O
bringing	O
hope	O
and	O
dignity	O
to	O
millions	O
of	O
poor	O
,	O
unwanted	O
people	O
with	O
her	O
simple	O
message	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
poor	O
must	O
know	O
that	O
we	O
love	O
them	O
.	O
"	O

While	O
the	O
world	O
heaps	O
honours	O
on	O
her	O
and	O
even	O
regards	O
her	O
as	O
a	O
living	O
saint	O
,	O
the	O
nun	O
of	O
Albanian	B-MISC
descent	O
maintains	O
she	O
is	O
merely	O
doing	O
God	B-PER
's	O
work	O
.	O

The	O
diminutive	O
Roman	B-MISC
Catholic	I-MISC
missionary	O
was	O
on	O
respiratory	O
support	O
in	O
intensive	O
care	O
in	O
an	O
Indian	B-MISC
nursing	O
home	O
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
suffering	O
heart	O
failure	O
.	O

But	O
an	O
attending	O
doctor	O
said	O
Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
,	O
who	O
turns	O
86	O
next	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
was	O
conscious	O
and	O
in	O
stable	O
condition	O
.	O

The	O
task	O
Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
began	O
alone	O
in	O
1949	O
in	O
the	O
slums	O
of	O
densely-populated	O
Calcutta	B-LOC
,	O
and	O
grew	O
to	O
touch	O
the	O
hearts	O
of	O
people	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
.	O

When	O
in	O
1979	O
she	O
was	O
told	O
she	O
had	O
won	O
the	O
Nobel	B-MISC
Peace	I-MISC
Prize	I-MISC
,	O
she	O
said	O
characteristically	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
am	O
unworthy	O
.	O
"	O

The	O
world	O
disagreed	O
,	O
showering	O
more	O
than	O
80	O
national	O
and	O
international	O
honours	O
on	O
her	O
including	O
the	O
Bharat	B-MISC
Ratna	I-MISC
,	O
or	O
Jewel	B-MISC
of	I-MISC
India	I-MISC
,	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
highest	O
civilian	O
award	O
.	O

A	O
year	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
Vatican	B-LOC
announced	O
she	O
was	O
stepping	O
down	O
as	O
Superior	O
of	O
her	O
Missionaries	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Charity	I-ORG
order	O
.	O

In	O
1991	O
,	O
Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
was	O
treated	O
at	O
a	O
California	B-LOC
hospital	O
for	O
heart	O
disease	O
and	O
bacterial	O
pneumonia	O
.	O

In	O
1993	O
,	O
she	O
fell	O
in	O
Rome	B-LOC
and	O
broke	O
three	O
ribs	O
.	O

In	O
August	O
the	O
same	O
year	O
,	O
while	O
in	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
to	O
receive	O
yet	O
another	O
award	O
,	O
she	O
developed	O
malaria	O
,	O
complicated	O
by	O
her	O
heart	O
and	O
lung	O
problems	O
.	O

Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
was	O
born	O
Agnes	B-PER
Goinxha	I-PER
Bejaxhiu	I-PER
to	O
Albanian	B-MISC
parents	O
in	O
Skopje	B-LOC
,	O
in	O
what	O
was	O
then	O
Serbia	B-LOC
,	O
on	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
1910	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
18	O
she	O
became	O
a	O
Loretto	B-MISC
nun	O
,	O
hoping	O
to	O
work	O
at	O
the	O
Order	O
's	O
Calcutta	B-LOC
mission	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
sent	O
to	O
Loretto	B-LOC
Abbey	I-LOC
in	O
Dublin	B-LOC
and	O
from	O
there	O
to	O
India	B-LOC
to	O
begin	O
her	O
novitiate	O
and	O
teach	O
geography	O
at	O
a	O
convent	O
school	O
in	O
Calcutta	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
Vatican	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
mother	O
superior	O
in	O
Dublin	B-LOC
approved	O
and	O
after	O
intensive	O
training	O
as	O
a	O
nurse	O
with	O
American	B-MISC
missionaries	O
she	O
opened	O
her	O
first	O
Calcutta	B-LOC
slum	O
school	O
in	O
December	O
1949	O
.	O

She	O
took	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
Teresa	B-PER
,	O
after	O
France	B-LOC
's	O
Saint	O
Therese	B-PER
of	O
the	O
Child	O
Jesus	B-PER
.	O

In	O
India	B-LOC
she	O
was	O
simply	O
called	O
Mother	B-PER
.	O

Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
set	O
up	O
her	O
first	O
home	O
for	O
the	O
dying	O
in	O
a	O
Hindu	B-MISC
rest	O
house	O
in	O
Calcutta	B-LOC
after	O
she	O
saw	O
a	O
penniless	O
woman	O
turned	O
away	O
by	O
a	O
city	O
hospital	O
.	O

Named	O
"	O
Nirmal	B-LOC
Hriday	I-LOC
"	O
(	O
Tender	B-LOC
Heart	I-LOC
)	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
of	O
a	O
chain	O
of	O
150	O
homes	O
for	O
dying	O
,	O
destitute	O
people	O
,	O
admitting	O
nearly	O
18,000	O
a	O
year	O
.	O

Her	O
Missionaries	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Charity	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Roman	B-MISC
Catholic	I-MISC
religious	O
order	O
she	O
founded	O
in	O
1949	O
,	O
now	O
runs	O
about	O
300	O
homes	O
for	O
unwanted	O
children	O
and	O
the	O
destitute	O
in	O
India	B-LOC
and	O
abroad	O
.	O

In	O
1994	O
a	O
British	B-MISC
television	O
documentary	O
called	O
the	O
myth	O
around	O
Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
"	O
hyperbole	O
and	O
credulity	O
"	O
.	O

Catholics	B-MISC
around	O
the	O
world	O
rose	O
to	O
her	O
defence	O
.	O

RTRS	B-ORG
-	O
FOCUS-News	O
forecasts	O
alien-led	O
profit	O
boost	O
.	O

Media	O
baron	O
Rupert	B-PER
Murdoch	I-PER
's	O
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
Ltd	I-ORG
reported	O
lower	O
than	O
expected	O
1995/96	O
profits	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
but	O
forecast	O
that	O
the	O
hit	O
film	O
"	O
Independence	B-MISC
Day	I-MISC
"	O
would	O
help	O
increase	O
profits	O
by	O
at	O
least	O
20	O
percent	O
in	O
1996/97	O
.	O

"	O
From	O
an	O
earnings	O
perspective	O
,	O
the	O
current	O
fiscal	O
year	O
has	O
begun	O
with	O
great	O
promise	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
hit	O
motion	O
picture	O
'	O
Independence	B-MISC
Day	I-MISC
,	O
'	O
"	O
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
announcing	O
its	O
results	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
to	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
1996	O
.	O

It	O
said	O
moderating	O
paper	O
prices	O
and	O
solid	O
orders	O
for	O
advertising	O
at	O
its	O
Fox	B-ORG
Broadcasting	I-ORG
television	O
network	O
in	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
would	O
also	O
help	O
boost	O
profits	O
in	O
the	O
1996/97	O
year	O
.	O
"	O

A	O
budgeted	O
profit	O
increase	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
20	O
percent	O
for	O
the	O
full	O
year	O
currently	O
appears	O
very	O
attainable	O
,	O
"	O
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	O
.	O

News	B-ORG
announced	O
pre-abnormals	O
net	O
profit	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
fell	O
six	O
percent	O
to	O
A$	B-MISC
1.26	O
billion	O
(	O
US$	B-MISC
995	O
million	O
)	O
and	O
earnings	O
per	O
share	O
dropped	O
to	O
40	O
cents	O
from	O
46	O
cents	O
.	O

Analysts	O
had	O
on	O
average	O
expected	O
a	O
pre-abnormals	O
profit	O
of	O
A$	B-MISC
1.343	O
billion	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
year	O
just	O
gone	O
was	O
disappointing	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
outlook	O
for	O
the	O
current	O
year	O
looks	O
good	O
,	O
"	O
First	B-ORG
Pacific	I-ORG
media	O
analyst	O
Lachlan	B-PER
Drummond	I-PER
said	O
.	O

News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	O
strong	O
performances	O
in	O
U.S.	B-LOC
television	O
and	O
British	B-MISC
newspapers	O
were	O
offset	O
by	O
lower	O
profits	O
from	O
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
's	O
magazine	O
and	O
publishing	O
divisions	O
and	O
further	O
hefty	O
losses	O
from	O
its	O
Asian	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
TV	I-ORG
operations	O
.	O

Throughout	O
the	O
group	O
,	O
higher	O
paper	O
prices	O
increased	O
costs	O
by	O
over	O
US$	B-MISC
300	O
million	O
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	O
.	O

News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	O
British	B-MISC
newspaper	O
operating	O
profits	O
rose	O
10	O
percent	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
as	O
higher	O
cover	O
prices	O
at	O
The	B-ORG
Sun	I-ORG
and	O
The	B-ORG
Times	I-ORG
and	O
higher	O
advertising	O
volumes	O
offset	O
increased	O
newsprint	O
costs	O
.	O

Advertising	O
revenues	O
at	O
The	B-ORG
Times	I-ORG
grew	O
20	O
percent	O
.	O

Analysts	O
said	O
sharply	O
lower	O
earnings	O
from	O
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
's	O
book	O
publishing	O
division	O
and	O
its	O
U.S.	B-LOC
magazines	O
had	O
been	O
the	O
major	O
surprises	O
in	O
the	O
results	O
for	O
1995/96	O
.	O

News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	O
revenue	O
gains	O
at	O
its	O
magazines	O
and	O
inserts	O
division	O
were	O
offset	O
by	O
higher	O
paper	O
prices	O
and	O
lower	O
sales	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	B-LOC
TV	B-ORG
Guide	I-ORG
.	O

News	B-ORG
said	O
dramatically	O
lower	O
earnings	O
from	O
the	O
British	B-MISC
arm	O
of	O
its	O
Harper-Collins	B-ORG
publishing	O
division	O
more	O
than	O
offset	O
healthy	O
results	O
from	O
its	O
U.S.	B-LOC
operation	O
.	O

It	O
said	O
the	O
demise	O
of	O
the	O
Net	B-MISC
Book	I-MISC
Agreement	I-MISC
had	O
hurt	O
the	O
British	B-MISC
operations	O
,	O
and	O
weak	O
performances	O
from	O
the	O
San	B-LOC
Francisco	I-LOC
unit	O
of	O
Harper-Collins	B-ORG
had	O
not	O
helped	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
they	O
're	O
saying	O
at	O
least	O
20	O
percent	O
,	O
then	O
their	O
internal	O
forecasts	O
are	O
probably	O
saying	O
25	O
or	O
30	O
percent	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
one	O
Sydney	B-LOC
media	O
analyst	O
who	O
declined	O
to	O
be	O
named	O
.	O

News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
's	O
shares	O
were	O
down	O
eight	O
cents	O
at	O
A$	B-MISC
6.39	O
at	O
2.00	O
p.m.	O
(	O
0400	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
in	O
a	O
soft	O
market	O
.	O

(	O
A$	O
1	O
=	O
US$	B-MISC
0.79	O
)	O

RTRS	B-ORG
-	O
Budget	O
cuts	O
to	O
boost	O
Australia	B-LOC
savings	O
-	O
RBA	B-ORG
.	O

The	O
Australian	B-MISC
government	O
's	O
plans	O
to	O
slash	O
its	O
budget	O
deficit	O
should	O
make	O
a	O
useful	O
contribution	O
to	O
national	O
savings	O
,	O
the	O
Reserve	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Australia	I-ORG
(	O
RBA	B-ORG
)	O
said	O
in	O
its	O
annual	O
report	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
government	O
's	O
announced	O
plans	O
to	O
balance	O
the	O
budget	O
,	O
if	O
realised	O
,	O
would	O
make	O
a	O
useful	O
contribution	O
to	O
raising	O
national	O
savings	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
RBA	B-ORG
said	O
.	O

In	O
its	O
1996/97	O
budget	O
announced	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
the	O
Australian	B-MISC
Coalition	B-ORG
government	O
announced	O
an	O
underlying	O
budget	O
deficit	O
of	O
A$	B-MISC
5.65	O
billion	O
,	O
and	O
pledged	O
to	O
return	O
the	O
underlying	O
budget	O
balance	O
to	O
surplus	O
by	O
1998/99	O
.	O

The	O
budget	O
deficit	O
was	O
A$	B-MISC
10.3	O
billion	O
in	O
1995/96	O
.	O

"	O
More	O
generally	O
,	O
the	O
long-term	O
effects	O
of	O
fiscal	O
consolidation	O
are	O
clearly	O
positive	O
,	O
with	O
higher	O
saving	O
tending	O
to	O
promote	O
economic	O
growth	O
by	O
raising	O
investment	O
and	O
lowering	O
long-term	O
real	O
interest	O
rates	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
RBA	B-ORG
said	O
.	O

BNZ	B-ORG
cuts	O
NZ	B-LOC
fixed	O
home	O
lending	O
rates	O
.	O

Bank	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
New	I-ORG
Zealand	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
was	O
cutting	O
its	O
fixed	O
home	O
lending	O
rates	O
.	O

BNZ	B-ORG
said	O
it	O
was	O
responding	O
to	O
lower	O
wholesale	O
rates	O
.	O

--	O
Wellington	B-LOC
newsroom	O
64	O
4	O
4734	O
746	O

Power	B-ORG
NZ	I-ORG
ODV	I-ORG
up	O
8	O
pct	O
at	O
NZ$	B-MISC
524	O
million	O
.	O

Power	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
Zealand	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
the	O
Optimised	O
Deprival	O
Value	O
(	O
ODV	O
)	O
of	O
its	O
network	O
at	O
March	O
31	O
,	O
1996	O
has	O
been	O
set	O
at	O
$	O
524.2	O
million	O
,	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
eight	O
percent	O
on	O
its	O
$	O
486.5	O
million	O
valuation	O
a	O
year	O
earlier	O
.	O

requirements	O
of	O
the	O
Ministry	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
.	O

Thais	O
hunt	O
for	O
Australian	B-MISC
jail	O
breaker	O
.	O

Thailand	B-LOC
has	O
launched	O
a	O
manhunt	O
for	O
an	O
Australian	B-MISC
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
a	O
high	O
security	O
prison	O
in	O
Bangkok	B-LOC
while	O
awaiting	O
trial	O
on	O
drug	O
possession	O
charges	O
,	O
officials	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Daniel	B-PER
Westlake	I-PER
,	O
46	O
,	O
from	O
Victoria	B-LOC
,	O
made	O
the	O
first	O
sucessful	O
escape	O
from	O
Klongprem	B-LOC
prison	O
in	O
the	O
northern	O
outskirts	O
of	O
the	O
capital	O
on	O
Sunday	O
night	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
believed	O
by	O
prison	O
officials	O
to	O
still	O
be	O
in	O
Thailand	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
We	O
have	O
ordered	O
a	O
massive	O
hunt	O
for	O
him	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
quite	O
confident	O
we	O
will	O
get	O
him	O
soon	O
,	O
"	O
Vivit	B-PER
Chatuparisut	I-PER
,	O
deputy	O
director	O
general	O
of	O
the	O
Correction	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
,	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

Westlake	B-PER
,	O
arrested	O
in	O
December	O
1993	O
and	O
charged	O
with	O
heroin	O
trafficking	O
,	O
sawed	O
the	O
iron	O
grill	O
off	O
his	O
cell	O
window	O
and	O
climbed	O
down	O
the	O
prison	O
's	O
five-metre	O
(	O
15-foot	O
)	O
wall	O
on	O
a	O
rope	O
made	O
from	O
bed	O
sheets	O
,	O
Vivit	O
said	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
266	O
Westerners	B-MISC
,	O
including	O
six	O
Australians	B-MISC
,	O
in	O
the	O
prison	O
,	O
most	O
awaiting	O
trial	O
on	O
drugs	O
charges	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
are	O
about	O
5,000	O
Thai	B-MISC
inmates	O
in	O
Klongprem	B-LOC
,	O
a	O
prison	O
official	O
said	O
.	O

Tokyo	B-ORG
Soir	I-ORG
-	O
1996	O
parent	O
forecast	O
.	O

NOTE	O
-	O
Tokyo	B-ORG
Soir	I-ORG
Co	I-ORG
Ltd	I-ORG
is	O
a	O
specialised	O
manufacturer	O
of	O
women	O
"	O
s	O
formal	O
wear	O
.	O

Ka	B-ORG
Wah	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
sets	O
HK$	B-MISC
43	O
mln	O
FRCD	O
.	O

Ka	B-ORG
Wah	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
's	O
HK$	B-MISC
43	O
million	O
floating	O
rate	O
certificate	O
of	O
deposit	O
issue	O
has	O
been	O
privately	O
placed	O
,	O
sole	O
arranger	O
HSBC	B-ORG
Markets	I-ORG
said	O
.	O

It	O
pays	O
a	O
coupon	O
of	O
15	O
basis	O
points	O
over	O
the	O
six-month	O
Hong	B-ORG
Kong	I-ORG
Interbank	I-ORG
Offered	O
Rate	O
.	O

Clearing	O
is	O
through	O
the	O
Hong	B-ORG
Kong	I-ORG
Central	I-ORG
Moneymarkets	I-ORG
Unit	I-ORG
.	O

Malaysia	B-LOC
bans	O
nitrofuran	O
usage	O
in	O
chicken	O
feed	O
.	O

Malaysia	B-LOC
has	O
banned	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
nitrofuran	O
,	O
an	O
antibiotic	O
,	O
in	O
chicken	O
feed	O
and	O
veterinary	O
applications	O
because	O
it	O
believes	O
the	O
drug	O
could	O
cause	O
cancer	O
,	O
the	O
health	O
ministry	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
is	O
hoped	O
that	O
livestock	O
breeders	O
and	O
feedmillers	O
will	O
abide	O
by	O
the	O
laws	O
and	O
respect	O
the	O
cabinet	O
decision	O
in	O
the	O
interest	O
of	O
consumer	O
safety	O
,	O
"	O
Health	O
Minister	O
Chua	B-PER
Jui	I-PER
Meng	O
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	O
by	O
the	O
national	O
Bernama	B-ORG
news	O
agency	O
.	O

Chua	B-PER
said	O
offenders	O
could	O
face	O
a	O
two-year	O
prison	O
sentence	O
and	O
a	O
maximum	O
fine	O
of	O
5,000	O
ringgit	O
(	O
$	O
2000	O
)	O
.	O

INDONESIAN	B-MISC
STOCKS	O
-	O
factors	O
to	O
watch	O
-	O
August	O
22	O
.	O

Following	O
are	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
factors	O
likely	O
to	O
affect	O
Indonesian	B-MISC
stocks	O
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O

**	O
Security	O
was	O
tight	O
in	O
Jakarta	B-LOC
ahead	O
of	O
a	O
trial	O
involving	O
ousted	O
Indonesian	B-ORG
Democratic	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
leader	O
Megawati	B-PER
Sukarnoputri	I-PER
.	O

Around	O
200	O
police	O
and	O
troops	O
were	O
stationed	O
outside	O
the	O
court	O
in	O
central	O
Jakarta	B-LOC
but	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
sign	O
of	O
demonstrators	O
.	O

**	O
The	O
Dow	B-MISC
Jones	I-MISC
industrial	O
average	O
closed	O
down	O
31.44	O
points	O
at	O
5,689.82	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
ending	O
a	O
three-session	O
winning	O
streak	O
as	O
investors	O
took	O
profits	O
and	O
tobacco	O
stocks	O
took	O
a	O
beating	O
.	O

**	O
The	O
Jakarta	B-LOC
composite	O
index	O
rose	O
2.60	O
points	O
,	O
or	O
0.48	O
percent	O
,	O
to	O
542.20	O
points	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
on	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
bargain-hunting	O
in	O
selected	O
big-capitalised	O
stocks	O
and	O
secondliners	O
.	O

**	O
On	O
Thursday	O
,	O
the	O
Indonesian	B-MISC
rupiah	O
was	O
at	O
2,343.00	O
/	O
43.50	O
in	O
early	O
trading	O
against	O
an	O
opening	O
of	O
2,342.75	O
/	O
43.50	O
.	O

**	O
Packaging	O
manufacturer	O
Super	B-ORG
Indah	I-ORG
Makmur	I-ORG
on	O
announcement	O
of	O
a	O
tender	O
offer	O
by	O
PT	B-ORG
VDH	I-ORG
Teguh	I-ORG
Sakti	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
wholly-owned	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
Singapore-listed	B-MISC
Van	B-ORG
Der	I-ORG
Horst	I-ORG
.	O

**	O
Privately-owned	O
Bank	B-ORG
Duta	I-ORG
on	O
market	O
talk	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
obtaining	O
fresh	O
syndicated	O
loans	O
,	O
a	O
management	O
reshuffle	O
and	O
fresh	O
equity	O
injection	O
.	O

**	O
Ciputra	B-ORG
Development	I-ORG
on	O
reports	O
of	O
a	O
plan	O
to	O
build	O
property	O
projects	O
worth	O
$	O
2	O
billion	O
in	O
Jakarta	B-LOC
and	O
Surabaya	B-LOC
.	O

Key	O
stock	O
and	O
currency	O
market	O
movements	O
at	O
1600	O
GMT	B-MISC
.	O

Also	O
shown	O
are	O
the	O
London	B-LOC
closing	O
values	O
of	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
mark	O
,	O
the	O
Japanese	B-MISC
yen	O
,	O
the	O
British	B-MISC
pound	O
and	O
gold	O
bullion	O
(	O
previous	O
day	O
's	O
closes	O
in	O
brackets	O
)	O
:	O

LONDON	B-LOC
3,907.5	O
+16.4	O
3,907.5	O
3,632.3	O

TOKYO	B-LOC
21,228.80	O
-	O
134.44	O
22,666.80	O
19,734.70	O

FRANKFURT	B-LOC
2,555.16	O
-	O
2.10	O
2,583.49	O
)	O
2,284.86	O

PARIS	B-LOC
2,020.82	O
+3.06	O
2,146.79	O
1,897.85	O

HONG	B-LOC
KONG	I-LOC
11,424.64	O
-	O
54.13	O
11,594.99	O
10,204.87	O

FOREIGN	O
EXCHANGE	O
/	O
GOLD	O
BULLION	O
CLOSE	O
IN	O
LONDON	B-LOC

New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
Dow	B-MISC
Jones	I-MISC
industrial	O
average	O
--	O
5,778.00	O
(	O
May	O
22/96	O
)	O

London	B-LOC
FTSE-100	B-MISC
index	O
--	O
3,907.5	O
(	O
Aug	O
23/96	O
)	O

Tokyo	B-LOC
Nikkei	B-MISC
average	O
--	O
38,915.87	O
(	O
Dec	O
29/89	O
)	O

Frankfurt	B-LOC
DAX-3O	B-MISC
index	O
--	O
2,583.49	O
(	O
Jul	O
5/96	O
)	O

Paris	B-LOC
CAC-40	B-MISC
General	I-MISC
index	O
--	O
2,355.93	O
(	O
Feb	O
2/94	O
)	O

Sydney	B-LOC
Australian	B-MISC
All-Ordinaries	I-MISC
index	O
--	O
2,340.6	O
(	O
Feb	O
3/94	O
)	O

Hong	B-LOC
Kong	I-LOC
Hang	B-MISC
Seng	I-MISC
index	O
--	O
12,201.09	O
(	O
Jan	O
4/94	O
)	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
hails	O
peace	O
as	O
marks	O
five-year	O
independence	O
.	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
celebrates	O
five	O
years	O
of	O
independence	O
from	O
Kremlin	B-LOC
rule	O
on	O
Saturday	O
,	O
hailing	O
civil	O
and	O
inter-ethnic	O
peace	O
as	O
its	O
main	O
post-Soviet	B-MISC
achievement	O
.	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
's	O
declaration	O
of	O
independence	O
in	O
1991	O
,	O
backed	O
nine-to-one	O
by	O
a	O
referendum	O
in	O
December	O
of	O
that	O
year	O
,	O
effectively	O
dealt	O
a	O
death	O
blow	O
to	O
the	O
Soviet	B-MISC
empire	O
and	O
ended	O
more	O
than	O
three	O
centuries	O
of	O
rule	O
from	O
Moscow	B-LOC
.	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	B-MISC
community	O
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	O
Russia	B-LOC
--	O
has	O
avoided	O
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	B-LOC
's	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
,	O
neighbouring	O
Moldova	B-LOC
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	O
Soviet	B-MISC
republics	O
of	O
Georgia	B-LOC
,	O
Azerbaijan	B-LOC
and	O
Tajikistan	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
's	O
biggest	O
achievements	O
for	O
five	O
years	O
are	O
the	O
preservation	O
of	O
civil	O
peace	O
and	O
inter-ethnic	O
harmony	O
,	O
"	O
President	O
Leonid	B-PER
Kuchma	I-PER
said	O
in	O
televised	O
statement	O
this	O
week	O
.	O

"	O
Unlike	O
many	O
other	O
post-Soviet	B-MISC
countries	O
we	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
conflict	O
situations	O
in	O
a	O
peaceful	O
and	O
civilised	O
way	O
.	O
"	O

Kuchma	B-PER
told	O
a	O
solemn	O
ceremony	O
at	O
the	O
Ukraina	B-LOC
Palace	I-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
that	O
"	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
turning	O
point	O
"	O
in	O
reforms	O
and	O
that	O
he	O
expected	O
a	O
rise	O
in	O
the	O
standard	O
of	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
doubt	O
that	O
economic	O
growth	O
has	O
already	O
started	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Adelbert	B-PER
Knobl	I-PER
,	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
International	B-ORG
Monetary	I-ORG
Fund	I-ORG
's	O
mission	O
in	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

It	O
will	O
replace	O
the	O
interim	O
karbovanets	O
currency	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
introduced	O
at	O
par	O
to	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
rouble	O
in	O
1992	O
but	O
now	O
trades	O
at	O
almost	O
33	O
karbovanets	O
per	O
rouble	O
.	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
has	O
repeatedly	O
promised	O
to	O
introduce	O
the	O
hryvna	O
but	O
had	O
to	O
postpone	O
the	O
plans	O
because	O
of	O
economic	O
problems	O
.	O

Proud	O
of	O
its	O
record	O
in	O
promptly	O
joining	O
both	O
the	O
Council	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Europe	I-ORG
and	O
NATO	B-ORG
's	O
Partnership	B-MISC
for	I-MISC
Peace	I-MISC
,	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
caused	O
a	O
foreign	O
policy	O
wrangle	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
offending	O
China	B-LOC
by	O
allowing	O
a	O
Taiwanese	B-MISC
minister	O
to	O
appear	O
on	O
a	O
public	O
,	O
if	O
unofficial	O
visit	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
cancelled	O
a	O
visit	O
by	O
a	O
top-level	O
delegation	O
in	O
protest	O
.	O

Kiev	B-LOC
's	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Hennady	B-PER
Udovenko	I-PER
said	O
Beijing	O
was	O
overreacting	O
.	O

But	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
,	O
seeing	O
itself	O
as	O
a	O
bridge	O
between	O
Russia	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
rapidly	O
Westernising	B-MISC
countries	O
of	O
eastern	O
Europe	B-LOC
,	O
is	O
looking	O
West	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
East	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
strategic	O
aim	O
of	O
European	B-MISC
integration	O
should	O
not	O
in	O
any	O
way	O
damage	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
's	O
interests	O
in	O
post-Soviet	B-MISC
areas	O
.	O

Relations	O
with	O
Russia	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
is	O
our	O
main	O
partner	O
,	O
have	O
great	O
importance	O
,	O
"	O
Kuchma	B-PER
said	O
.	O

"	O
But	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
cannot	O
be	O
economically	O
oriented	O
on	O
Russia	B-LOC
,	O
even	O
though	O
those	O
in	O
some	O
circles	O
push	O
us	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
.	O
"	O

Kuchma	B-PER
has	O
said	O
Kiev	B-LOC
wants	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
,	O
associate	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
Western	B-ORG
European	I-ORG
Union	I-ORG
defence	O
grouping	O
and	O
to	O
move	O
closer	O
to	O
NATO	B-ORG
.	O

A	O
message	O
from	O
the	O
West	O
this	O
week	O
from	O
U.S.	B-LOC
President	O
Bill	B-PER
Clinton	I-PER
congratulated	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
on	O
the	O
anniversary	O
,	O
promising	O
to	O
support	O
market	O
reforms	O
and	O
praising	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
as	O
a	O
"	O
stabilising	O
factor	O
"	O
in	O
a	O
united	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O

Oldest	O
Albania	B-LOC
book	O
disappears	O
from	O
Vatican	B-LOC
-	O
paper	O
.	O

A	O
16th-century	O
document	O
,	O
the	O
earliest	O
complete	O
example	O
of	O
written	O
Albanian	B-MISC
,	O
has	O
disappeared	O
from	O
the	O
Vatican	B-LOC
archives	O
,	O
an	O
Albanian	B-MISC
newspaper	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Gazeta	B-ORG
Shqiptare	I-ORG
said	O
the	O
"	O
Book	B-MISC
of	I-MISC
Mass	I-MISC
'	O
,	O
by	O
Gjon	B-PER
Buzuku	I-PER
,	O
dating	O
from	O
1555	O
and	O
discovered	O
in	O
1740	O
in	O
a	O
religious	O
seminary	O
in	O
Rome	B-LOC
,	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
major	O
document	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
Albanian	B-MISC
language	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
Albanians	B-MISC
,	O
sons	O
of	O
Buzuku	B-MISC
,	O
believed	O
our	O
language	O
had	O
a	O
written	O
document	O
but	O
now	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
it	O
any	O
more	O
,	O
"	O
lamented	O
scholar	O
Musa	B-PER
Hamiti	I-PER
,	O
told	O
of	O
the	O
loss	O
by	O
the	O
Vatican	B-LOC
library	O
.	O

Tirana	B-LOC
's	O
national	O
library	O
has	O
three	O
copies	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
Book	B-MISC
of	I-MISC
Mass	I-MISC
'	O
.	O
"	O

There	O
is	O
nothing	O
left	O
for	O
us	O
but	O
to	O
be	O
grateful	O
to	O
civilisation	O
for	O
inventing	O
photocopies	O
,	O
"	O
Gazeta	B-ORG
Shqiptare	I-ORG
said	O
.	O

Russian	B-MISC
officials	O
,	O
keen	O
to	O
cut	O
capital	O
flight	O
,	O
will	O
adopt	O
tight	O
measures	O
to	O
cut	O
barter	O
deals	O
in	O
foreign	O
trade	O
to	O
a	O
minimum	O
,	O
a	O
customs	O
official	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
have	O
always	O
been	O
concerned	O
about	O
barter	O
deals	O
with	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
viewing	O
them	O
as	O
a	O
disguised	O
kind	O
of	O
capital	O
flight	O
from	O
Russia	B-LOC
,	O
"	O
Marina	B-PER
Volkova	I-PER
,	O
deputy	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
currency	O
department	O
at	O
the	O
State	B-ORG
Customs	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

Volkova	O
said	O
last	O
year	O
goods	O
had	O
been	O
exported	O
under	O
many	O
Russian	B-MISC
barter	O
deals	O
,	O
with	O
nothing	O
imported	O
in	O
return	O
.	O

Barter	O
deals	O
were	O
worth	O
$	O
4.9	O
billion	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
or	O
about	O
eight	O
percent	O
of	O
all	O
Russian	B-MISC
exports	O
estimated	O
at	O
$	O
61.5	O
billion	O
,	O
she	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
cost	O
of	O
exported	O
goods	O
is	O
too	O
often	O
understated	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
actual	O
share	O
of	O
barter	O
deals	O
in	O
Russian	B-MISC
exports	O
and	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
unimported	O
goods	O
may	O
be	O
even	O
higher	O
,	O
"	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	O
.	O

A	O
few	O
days	O
ago	O
Russian	B-MISC
President	O
Boris	B-PER
Yeltsin	I-PER
issued	O
a	O
decree	O
on	O
state	O
regulation	O
of	O
foreign	O
barter	O
deals	O
,	O
and	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	O
this	O
"	O
could	O
substantially	O
improve	O
the	O
situation	O
"	O
.	O

In	O
line	O
with	O
the	O
decree	O
,	O
which	O
will	O
come	O
into	O
force	O
on	O
November	O
1	O
,	O
all	O
Russian	B-MISC
barter	O
traders	O
will	O
be	O
obliged	O
to	O
import	O
goods	O
worth	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
their	O
exports	O
within	O
180	O
days	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
traders	O
are	O
late	O
,	O
they	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
pay	O
fines	O
worth	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
their	O
exported	O
goods	O
,	O
"	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	O
.	O

Understating	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
exported	O
goods	O
could	O
still	O
be	O
a	O
loophole	O
for	O
barter	O
dealers	O
,	O
but	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	O
the	O
authorities	O
are	O
currently	O
"	O
tackling	O
the	O
technicalities	O
of	O
the	O
issue	O
"	O
.	O

Barter	O
has	O
always	O
been	O
a	O
feature	O
of	O
the	O
Soviet	B-LOC
Union	I-LOC
's	O
foreign	O
trade	O
,	O
but	O
Yeltsin	B-PER
's	O
decrees	O
liberalising	O
foreign	O
trade	O
in	O
1991-1992	O
has	O
given	O
barter	O
a	O
new	O
impetus	O
.	O

A	O
few	O
years	O
ago	O
,	O
barter	O
deals	O
accounted	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
25-30	O
percent	O
of	O
Russian	B-MISC
exports	O
because	O
"	O
thousands	O
(	O
of	O
)	O
trade	O
companies	O
which	O
popped	O
up	O
preferred	O
barter	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
reliable	O
Russian	B-MISC
banks	O
and	O
money	O
transfer	O
systems	O
"	O
,	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	O
.	O

"	O
Now	O
many	O
Russian	B-MISC
banks	O
are	O
strong	O
and	O
can	O
make	O
various	O
sorts	O
of	O
money	O
tranfers	O
,	O
while	O
incompetent	O
traders	O
are	O
being	O
ousted	O
by	O
more	O
experienced	O
ones	O
.	O

But	O
the	O
current	O
share	O
of	O
barter	O
deals	O
in	O
Russian	B-MISC
exports	O
is	O
still	O
high	O
,	O
"	O
she	O
said	O
.	O

--	O
Dmitry	B-PER
Solovyov	I-PER
,	O
Moscow	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
,	O
+7095	O
941	O
8520	O

Viacom	B-ORG
plans	O
"	O
Mission	B-MISC
"	O
sequel	O
-	O
report	O
.	O

Paramount	B-ORG
Pictures	I-ORG
is	O
going	O
ahead	O
with	O
a	O
sequel	O
to	O
the	O
Tom	B-PER
Cruise	I-PER
blockbuster	O
,	O
"	O
Mission	B-MISC
:	I-MISC
Impossible	I-MISC
"	O
and	O
hopes	O
to	O
release	O
it	O
in	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
1998	O
,	O
Daily	B-ORG
Variety	I-ORG
reported	O
in	O
its	O
Friday	O
edition	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
the	O
biggest	O
success	O
for	O
Viacom	B-MISC
Inc-owned	I-MISC
Paramount	B-ORG
since	O
1994	O
's	O
"	O
Forrest	B-MISC
Gump	I-MISC
"	O
.	O

Cruise	B-PER
will	O
reprise	O
his	O
roles	O
as	O
star	O
and	O
co-producer	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
soon	O
meet	O
Academy	B-MISC
Award-winning	I-MISC
screenwriter	O
William	B-PER
Goldman	I-PER
,	O
who	O
will	O
write	O
the	O
script	O
,	O
the	O
report	O
said	O
.	O

It	O
said	O
"	O
Mission	B-MISC
:	I-MISC
Impossible	I-MISC
"	O
director	O
Brian	B-PER
De	I-PER
Palma	I-PER
would	O
have	O
first	O
crack	O
at	O
the	O
sequel	O
,	O
though	O
no	O
deals	O
have	O
been	O
made	O
yet	O
.	O

Goldman	B-PER
,	O
whose	O
Oscars	B-MISC
were	O
for	O
"	O
Butch	B-MISC
Cassidy	I-MISC
and	I-MISC
the	I-MISC
Sundance	I-MISC
Kid	I-MISC
"	O
and	O
"	O
All	B-MISC
the	I-MISC
President	I-MISC
's	I-MISC
Men	I-MISC
"	O
,	O
earlier	O
this	O
summer	O
criticised	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
's	O
blockbusters	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
he	O
singled	O
out	O
"	O
Mission	B-MISC
:	I-MISC
Impossible	I-MISC
"	O
as	O
an	O
especially	O
entertaining	O
movie	O
,	O
Daily	B-ORG
Variety	I-ORG
said	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
CRAWLEY	B-PER
FORCED	O
TO	O
SIT	O
AND	O
WAIT	O
.	O

England	B-LOC
batsman	O
John	B-PER
Crawley	I-PER
was	O
forced	O
to	O
endure	O
a	O
frustrating	O
delay	O
of	O
over	O
three	O
hours	O
before	O
resuming	O
his	O
quest	O
for	O
a	O
maiden	O
test	O
century	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
test	O
against	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Heavy	O
overnight	O
rain	O
and	O
morning	O
drizzle	O
ruled	O
out	O
any	O
play	O
before	O
lunch	O
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
but	O
an	O
improvement	O
in	O
the	O
weather	O
prompted	O
the	O
umpires	O
to	O
announce	O
a	O
1415	O
local	O
time	O
(	O
1315	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
start	O
in	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
no	O
further	O
rain	O
.	O

Crawley	B-PER
,	O
unbeaten	O
on	O
94	O
overnight	O
in	O
an	O
England	B-LOC
total	O
of	O
278	O
for	O
six	O
,	O
was	O
spotted	O
strumming	O
a	O
guitar	O
in	O
the	O
dressing-room	O
as	O
the	O
Oval	B-LOC
ground	O
staff	O
took	O
centre	O
stage	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
several	O
damp	O
patches	O
on	O
the	O
square	O
and	O
the	O
outfield	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
still	O
raining	O
when	O
the	O
players	O
took	O
an	O
early	O
lunch	O
at	O
1230	O
local	O
time	O
(	O
1130	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
.	O

When	O
brighter	O
weather	O
finally	O
arrived	O
,	O
the	O
umpires	O
announced	O
a	O
revised	O
figure	O
of	O
67	O
overs	O
to	O
be	O
bowled	O
with	O
play	O
extended	O
to	O
at	O
least	O
1900	O
local	O
time	O
(	O
1800	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
.	O

MOTOR	O
RACING	O
-	O
BELGIAN	B-MISC
GRAND	B-MISC
PRIX	I-MISC
PRACTICE	O
TIMES	O
.	O

SPA-FRANCORCHAMPS	B-LOC
,	O
Belgium	B-LOC
1996-08-23	O

Belgian	O
Grand	B-MISC
Prix	I-MISC
motor	O
race	O
:	O

1.	O
Gerhard	B-PER
Berger	I-PER
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O
Benetton	B-ORG
1	O
minute	O
53.706	O
seconds	O

2.	O
David	B-PER
Coulthard	I-PER
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
McLaren	B-ORG
1:54.342	O

3.	O
Jacques	B-PER
Villeneuve	I-PER
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
Williams	O
1:54.443	O

4.	O
Mika	O
Hakkinen	O
(	O
Finland	B-LOC
)	O
McLaren	O
1:54.754	O

5.	O
Heinz-Harald	B-PER
Frentzen	I-PER
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
1:54.984	O

6.	O
Jean	B-PER
Alesi	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
Benetton	B-ORG
1:55.101	O

7.	O
Damon	B-PER
Hill	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
Williams	B-ORG
1:55.281	O

8.	O
Michael	B-PER
Schumacher	I-PER
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
1:55.333	O

9.	O
Martin	B-PER
Brundle	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
Jordan	B-ORG
1:55.385	O

10.	O
Rubens	B-PER
Barrichello	I-PER
(	O
Brazil	B-LOC
)	O
Jordan	B-ORG
1:55.645	O

11.	O
Johnny	B-PER
Herbert	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
Sauber	B-ORG
1:56.318	O

12.	O
Olivier	B-PER
Panis	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
Ligier	B-ORG
1:56.417	O

$	O
450,000	O
Toshiba	B-MISC
Classic	I-MISC
tennis	O
tournament	O
on	O
Thursday	O
(	O
prefix	O

2	O
-	O
Conchita	B-PER
Martinez	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Nathalie	B-PER
Tauziat	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

5	O
-	O
Gabriela	B-PER
Sabatini	I-PER
(	O
Argentina	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Asa	B-PER
Carlsson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O

Katarina	B-PER
Studenikova	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
6	O
-	O
Karina	B-PER
Habsudova	I-PER

(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
6-2	O

(	O
Corrects	O
that	O
Habsudova	B-PER
is	O
sixth	O
seed	O
)	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
ENGLISH	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	O
RESULTS	O
.	O

Results	O
of	O
English	B-MISC
first	O
division	O

Portsmouth	B-ORG
1	O
Queens	B-ORG
Park	I-ORG
Rangers	I-ORG
2	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
SCOTTISH	B-MISC
THIRD	O
DIVISION	O
RESULT	O
.	O

Result	O
of	O
a	O
Scottish	B-MISC
third	O

East	B-ORG
Stirling	I-ORG
0	O
Albion	B-ORG
1	O

English	B-MISC
County	I-MISC
Championship	I-MISC
cricket	O
matches	O
on	O
Friday	O
:	O

Somerset	B-ORG
298-6	O
(	O
M.	B-PER
Lathwell	I-PER
85	O
,	O

R.	B-PER
Harden	I-PER
65	O
)	O
.	O

Essex	B-ORG
194-0	O
(	O
G.	B-PER
Gooch	I-PER
105	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
D.	B-PER
Robinson	I-PER

At	O
Cardiff	B-LOC
:	O
Kent	B-ORG
255-3	O
(	O
D.	B-PER
Fulton	I-PER
64	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Walker	I-PER
59	O
,	O
C.	B-PER
Hooper	I-PER

52	O
not	O
out	O
)	O
v	O
Glamorgan	B-ORG
.	O

At	O
Northampton	B-LOC
:	O
Sussex	B-ORG
389	O
(	O
N.	B-PER
Lenham	I-PER
145	O
,	O
V.	B-PER
Drakes	I-PER
59	O
,	O

A.	B-PER
Wells	I-PER
51	O
;	O
A.	B-PER
Penberthy	I-PER
4-36	O
)	O
.	O

Northamptonshire	B-ORG
160-4	O
(	O
K.	O
Curran	O

At	O
Worcester	B-LOC
:	O
Warwickshire	B-ORG
310	O
(	O
A.	B-PER
Giles	I-PER
83	O
,	O
T.	B-PER
Munton	I-PER
54	O
not	O

out	O
,	O
W.	B-PER
Khan	I-PER
52	O
;	O
R.	B-PER
Illingworth	I-PER
4-54	O
,	O
S.	O
Lampitt	O
4-90	O
)	O
.	O

At	O
Headingley	O
:	O
Yorkshire	B-ORG
529-8	O
declared	O
(	O
C.	B-PER
White	I-PER
181	O
,	O

R.	B-PER
Blakey	I-PER
109	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Moxon	I-PER
66	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Vaughan	I-PER
57	O
)	O
.	O

162-4	O
(	O
N.	B-PER
Fairbrother	I-PER
53	O
not	O
out	O
)	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
POLLOCK	B-PER
HOPES	O
FOR	O
RETURN	O
TO	O
WARWICKSHIRE	B-ORG
.	O

South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
all-rounder	O
Shaun	B-PER
Pollock	I-PER
,	O
forced	O
to	O
cut	O
short	O
his	O
first	O
season	O
with	O
Warwickshire	B-ORG
to	O
have	O
ankle	O
surgery	O
,	O
has	O
told	O
the	O
English	B-MISC
county	O
he	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
return	O
later	O
in	O
his	O
career	O
.	O

Pollock	B-PER
,	O
who	O
returns	O
home	O
a	O
month	O
early	O
next	O
week	O
,	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
come	O
back	O
and	O
play	O
county	O
cricket	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
swap	O
counties	O
.	O
"	O

Explaining	O
his	O
premature	O
departure	O
was	O
unavoidable	O
,	O
Pollock	B-PER
said	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
have	O
been	O
carrying	O
the	O
injury	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
and	O
I	O
hope	O
that	O
by	O
having	O
the	O
surgery	O
now	O
I	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
last	O
out	O
the	O
new	O
season	O
back	O
home	O
.	O
"	O

the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
between	O
England	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
at	O
The	B-LOC

J.	B-PER
Crawley	I-PER
b	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
106	O

I.	B-PER
Salisbury	I-PER
c	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	B-PER
b	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
5	O

D.	B-PER
Cork	I-PER
c	O
Moin	B-PER
Khan	I-PER
b	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
0	O

R.	B-PER
Croft	I-PER
not	O
out	O
5	O

A.	B-PER
Mullally	I-PER
b	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
24	O

Bowling	O
:	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
29.2-9-83-3	O
,	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
25-6-95-4	O
,	O

Mohammad	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
12-1-41-1	O
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
27-5-78-2	O
,	O
Aamir	B-PER
Sohail	I-PER

Pakistan	B-LOC
first	O
innings	O

Saeed	B-PER
Anwar	I-PER
not	O
out	O
116	O

Aamir	B-PER
Sohail	I-PER
c	O
Cork	B-PER
b	O
Croft	O
46	O

Ijaz	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
not	O
out	O
58	O

To	O
bat	O
:	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	B-PER
,	O
Salim	B-PER
Malik	I-PER
,	O
Asif	B-PER
Mujtaba	I-PER
,	O
Wasim	B-PER

Akram	B-PER
,	O
Moin	B-PER
Khan	I-PER
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
,	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
,	O
Mohammad	B-PER
Akam	I-PER

Bowling	O
(	O
to	O
date	O
)	O
:	O
Lewis	O
9-1-49-0	O
,	O
Mullally	B-PER
9-3-28-0	O
,	O
Croft	B-PER

17-3-42-1	O
,	O
Cork	B-PER
7-1-38-0	O
,	O
Salisbury	B-PER
14-0-71-0	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
326	O
ALL	O
OUT	O
V	O
PAKISTAN	B-LOC
IN	O
THIRD	O
TEST	O
.	O

England	B-LOC
were	O
all	O
out	O
for	O
326	O
in	O
their	O
first	O
innings	O
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
against	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
at	O
The	B-LOC
Oval	I-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Score	O
:	O
England	B-LOC
326	O
(	O
J.	B-PER
Crawley	I-PER
106	O
,	O
G.	B-PER
Thorpe	I-PER
54	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
SPONSORS	O
CASH	O
IN	O
ON	O
RAVANELLI	B-PER
'S	O
SHIRT	O
DANCE	O
.	O

Middlesbrough	B-ORG
's	O
Italian	B-MISC
striker	O
Fabrizio	B-PER
Ravanelli	I-PER
is	O
to	O
wear	O
his	O
team	O
sponsor	O
's	O
name	O
on	O
the	O
inside	O
of	O
his	O
shirt	O
so	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
when	O
he	O
scores	O
.	O

Every	O
time	O
he	O
finds	O
the	O
net	O
,	O
the	O
grey-haired	O
forward	O
pulls	O
his	O
shirtfront	O
over	O
his	O
head	O
as	O
he	O
runs	O
to	O
salute	O
the	O
fans	O
,	O
and	O
Middlesbrough	B-ORG
's	O
sponsors	O
want	O
to	O
cash	O
in	O
on	O
the	O
spectacle	O
.	O

"	O
Having	O
seen	O
Ravanelli	B-PER
celebrate	O
his	O
goals	O
...	O

Ravanelli	B-PER
aggravated	O
a	O
foot	O
injury	O
in	O
the	O
1-0	O
defeat	O
at	O
Chelsea	B-ORG
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
was	O
given	O
only	O
an	O
even	O
chance	O
of	O
playing	O
at	O
Nottingham	B-LOC
Forest	I-LOC
on	O
Saturday	O
by	O
his	O
manager	O
Bryan	B-PER
Robson	I-PER
.	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
AUSTRALIANS	B-MISC
ADVANCE	O
AT	O
CANADIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

It	O
was	O
Australia	B-MISC
Day	I-MISC
at	O
the	O
$	O
2	O
million	O
Canadian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
on	O
Thursday	O
as	O
three	O
Aussies	B-MISC
reached	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
straight-set	O
victories	O
.	O

Unseeded	O
Patrick	B-PER
Rafter	I-PER
recorded	O
the	O
most	O
noteworthy	O
result	O
as	O
he	O
upset	O
sixth-seeded	O
American	B-MISC
MaliVai	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
6-2	O
6-1	O
in	O
just	O
50	O
minutes	O
.	O

Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
,	O
who	O
defeated	O
Canadian	B-MISC
Daniel	B-PER
Nestor	I-PER
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
,	O
a	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
winner	O
over	O
Bohdan	B-PER
Ulihrach	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
,	O
also	O
advanced	O
and	O
will	O
meet	O
in	O
Friday	O
's	O
quarter-finals	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
of	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
defeated	O
Tim	B-PER
Henman	I-PER
of	O
Britain	B-LOC
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	O
Thomas	B-PER
Enqvist	I-PER
of	O
Sweden	B-LOC
won	O
his	O
third-round	O
match	O
,	O
eliminating	O
Petr	B-PER
Korda	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Ferreira	B-PER
and	O
Enqvist	B-PER
play	O
in	O
a	O
Friday	O
night	O
quarter-final	O
.	O

Two	O
Americans	B-MISC
,	O
seventh	O
seed	O
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
and	O
unseeded	O
Alex	B-PER
O'Brien	I-PER
,	O
will	O
meet	O
on	O
Friday	O
after	O
winning	O
matches	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Martin	B-PER
overcame	O
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
of	O
France	B-LOC
2-6	O
6-2	O
6-4	O
and	O
O'Brien	B-PER
beat	O
Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
of	O
Sweden	B-LOC
6-3	O
2-6	O
6-3	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
you	O
really	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
match	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
the	O
12th-ranked	O
Washington	B-PER
after	O
losing	O
to	O
the	O
70th-ranked	O
Rafter	B-PER
,	O
"	O
I	O
never	O
really	O
got	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
play	O
because	O
he	O
was	O
serving	O
big	O
and	O
getting	O
in	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
net	O
.	O

Rafter	B-PER
missed	O
10	O
weeks	O
after	O
wrist	O
surgery	O
earlier	O
this	O
year	O
and	O
the	O
time	O
away	O
from	O
tennis	O
has	O
given	O
him	O
a	O
new	O
perspective	O
.	O

"	O
Before	O
when	O
I	O
was	O
on	O
tour	O
,	O
I	O
always	O
felt	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
bed	O
by	O
9:30	O
or	O
10	O
o'clock	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
up	O
at	O
a	O
certain	O
time	O
,	O
"	O
Rafter	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

Martin	B-PER
was	O
pleased	O
with	O
his	O
victory	O
over	O
Pioline	B-PER
,	O
his	O
first	O
in	O
five	O
meetings	O
with	O
the	O
11th-ranked	O
Frenchman	B-MISC
.	O
"	O

"	O
I	O
got	O
more	O
aggressive	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
and	O
third	O
sets	O
and	O
the	O
wind	O
picked	O
up	O
and	O
that	O
also	O
affected	O
things	O
because	O
Cedric	B-PER
definitely	O
went	O
off	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
.	O
"	O

The	O
26-year-old	O
O'Brien	B-PER
,	O
who	O
won	O
the	O
ATP	B-MISC
Tour	I-MISC
stop	O
in	O
New	B-LOC
Haven	I-LOC
last	O
week	O
,	O
has	O
now	O
won	O
18	O
of	O
his	O
last	O
20	O
matches	O
,	O
dating	O
back	O
to	O
qualifying	O
rounds	O
in	O
Los	B-LOC
Angeles	I-LOC
in	O
late	O
July	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
feel	O
I	O
'm	O
hitting	O
the	O
ball	O
well	O
even	O
though	O
I	O
'm	O
having	O
more	O
mental	O
letdowns	O
than	O
I	O
did	O
last	O
week	O
,	O
"	O
O'Brien	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
first	O
serves	O
in	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Enqvist	B-PER
about	O
his	O
victory	O
over	O
Korda	B-PER
.	O
"	O

Still	O
marvelling	O
at	O
an	O
exciting	O
64-stroke	O
rally	O
he	O
won	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
game	O
of	O
his	O
second-round	O
match	O
against	O
Javier	B-PER
Sanchez	I-PER
of	O
Spain	B-LOC
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
Enqvist	B-PER
joked	O
,	O
"	O
Today	O
against	O
Petr	B-PER
there	O
were	O
about	O
64	O
strokes	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
match	O
.	O

3	O
-	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Tim	B-PER
Henman	I-PER
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
6-4	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	B-PER
Rios	I-PER
(	O
Chile	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
6-4	O

5	O
-	O
Thomas	B-PER
Enqvist	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Petr	B-PER
Korda	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O

Patrick	O
Rafter	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
6	O
-	O
MaliVai	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

7	O
-	O
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
9	O
-	O
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
2-6	O
6-2	O

Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Bohdan	B-PER
Ulihrach	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC

Alex	B-PER
O'Brien	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
2-6	O

Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Daniel	B-PER
Nestor	I-PER
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O

RUGBY	B-ORG
UNION	I-ORG
-	O
MULDER	B-PER
OUT	O
OF	O
SECOND	O
TEST	O
.	O

Centre	O
Japie	B-PER
Mulder	I-PER
has	O
been	O
ruled	O
out	O
of	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
's	O
team	O
for	O
the	O
second	O
test	O
against	O
New	B-LOC
Zealand	I-LOC
in	O
Pretoria	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Mulder	B-PER
missed	O
the	O
first	O
test	O
in	O
Durban	B-LOC
with	O
back	O
spasms	O
and	O
failed	O
a	O
fitness	O
check	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

But	O
new	O
Springbok	B-ORG
skipper	O
Gary	B-PER
Teichmann	I-PER
has	O
recovered	O
from	O
a	O
bruised	O
thigh	O
and	O
is	O
ready	O
to	O
play	O
,	O
coach	O
Andre	B-PER
Markgraaff	I-PER
said	O
.	O

Mulder	B-PER
's	O
absence	O
means	O
that	O
Northern	B-ORG
Transvaal	I-ORG
centre	O
Andre	B-PER
Snyman	I-PER
should	O
win	O
his	O
second	O
cap	O
alongside	O
provincial	O
colleague	O
Danie	B-PER
van	I-PER
Schalkwyk	I-PER
.	O

Wing	O
Pieter	B-PER
Hendriks	I-PER
is	O
expected	O
to	O
retain	O
his	O
place	O
,	O
following	O
speculation	O
that	O
Snyman	B-PER
would	O
be	O
picked	O
out	O
of	O
position	O
on	O
the	O
wing	O
.	O

The	O
line-up	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
announced	O
until	O
shortly	O
before	O
the	O
start	O
,	O
Markgraaff	B-PER
said	O
.	O

BADMINTON	O
-	O
MALAYSIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
BADMINTON	O
RESULTS	O
.	O

2	O
-	O
Ong	B-PER
Ewe	I-PER
Hock	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
5/8	O
-	O
Hu	B-PER
Zhilan	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
15-2	O
15-10	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	B-PER
Yigang	I-PER
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	O
Jason	B-PER
Wong	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
15-5	O
15-6	O

Ijaya	B-PER
Indra	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
P.	B-PER
Kantharoopan	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
15-6	O
5-4	O

9/16	O
-	O
Chen	B-PER
Gang	I-PER
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	B-PER
Susanto	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
INJURED	O
CHANDA	B-PER
RUBIN	I-PER
OUT	O
OF	O
U.S.	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

Promising	O
10th-ranked	O
American	B-MISC
Chanda	B-PER
Rubin	I-PER
has	O
pulled	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
Tennis	I-MISC
Championships	I-MISC
with	O
a	O
wrist	O
injury	O
,	O
tournament	O
officials	O
announced	O
.	O

The	O
20-year-old	O
Rubin	B-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
seeded	O
11th	O
,	O
is	O
still	O
suffering	O
from	O
tendinitis	O
of	O
the	O
right	O
wrist	O
that	O
has	O
kept	O
her	O
sidelined	O
in	O
recent	O
months	O
.	O

Rubin	B-PER
's	O
misfortune	O
turned	O
into	O
a	O
very	O
lucky	O
break	O
for	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Lindsay	B-PER
Davenport	I-PER
.	O

Davenport	B-PER
had	O
drawn	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
toughest	O
first-round	O
assignments	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
seeded	O
players	O
in	O
17th-ranked	O
Karina	B-PER
Habsudova	I-PER
of	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
.	O

But	O
as	O
the	O
highest-ranked	O
non-seeded	O
player	O
in	O
the	O
tournament	O
,	O
Habsudova	B-PER
will	O
be	O
moved	O
into	O
Rubin	B-PER
's	O
slot	O
in	O
the	O
draw	O
,	O
while	O
Davenport	B-PER
will	O
now	O
get	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
U.S.	B-MISC
Tennis	I-MISC
Association	I-MISC
officials	O
.	O

Rubin	B-PER
is	O
the	O
third	O
notable	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
competition	O
after	O
12th-ranked	O
former	O
Australian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
champion	O
Mary	B-PER
Pierce	I-PER
and	O
20th-ranked	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
semifinalist	O
Meredith	B-PER
McGrath	I-PER
pulled	O
out	O
earlier	O
this	O
week	O
with	O
injuries	O
.	O

Men	O
's	O
Australian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
champion	O
Boris	B-PER
Becker	I-PER
will	O
also	O
miss	O
the	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
Grand	B-MISC
Slam	I-MISC
with	O
a	O
wrist	O
injury	O
.	O

BASEBALL	O
-	O
MAJOR	B-MISC
LEAGUE	I-MISC
STANDINGS	O
AFTER	O
THURSDAY	O
'S	O
GAMES	O
.	O

TORONTO	B-ORG
59	O
69	O
.461	O
14	O

DETROIT	B-ORG
45	O
82	O
.354	O
27	O
1/2	O

MINNESOTA	B-ORG
63	O
64	O
.496	O
13	O

TEXAS	B-ORG
74	O
54	O
.578	O
-	O

CALIFORNIA	B-ORG
59	O
68	O
.465	O
14	O
1/2	O

SEATTLE	B-ORG
AT	O
BOSTON	B-LOC

MILWAUKEE	B-ORG
AT	O
CLEVELAND	B-LOC

CALIFORNIA	B-ORG
AT	O
BALTIMORE	B-LOC

OAKLAND	B-ORG
AT	O
NEW	B-LOC
YORK	I-LOC

MONTREAL	B-ORG
68	O
58	O
.540	O
11	O

FLORIDA	B-ORG
58	O
69	O
.457	O
21	O
1/2	O

LOS	B-ORG
ANGELES	I-ORG
67	O
60	O
.528	O
2	O

COLORADO	B-ORG
66	O
62	O
.516	O
3	O
1/2	O

CINCINNATI	B-ORG
AT	O
FLORIDA	B-LOC
(	O
doubleheader	O
)	O

CHICAGO	B-ORG
AT	O
ATLANTA	B-LOC

ST	B-ORG
LOUIS	I-ORG
AT	O
HOUSTON	B-LOC

PITTSBURGH	O
AT	O
COLORADO	B-LOC

NEW	B-ORG
YORK	I-ORG
AT	O
LOS	B-LOC
ANGELES	I-LOC

PHILADELPHIA	B-ORG
AT	O
SAN	B-LOC
DIEGO	I-LOC

BASEBALL	O
-	O
MAJOR	B-MISC
LEAGUE	I-MISC
RESULTS	O
THURSDAY	O
.	O

BOSTON	B-ORG
2	O
Oakland	B-ORG
1	O

Seattle	B-ORG
10	O
BALTIMORE	B-ORG
3	O

Toronto	B-ORG
1	O
CHICAGO	B-ORG
0	O
(	O
in	O
6	O
1/2	O
)	O

Detroit	B-ORG
10	O
KANSAS	B-ORG
CITY	I-ORG
3	O

Texas	B-ORG
11	O
MINNESOTA	B-ORG
2	O

COLORADO	B-ORG
10	O
St	B-ORG
Louis	I-ORG
5	O

Cincinnati	B-ORG
3	O
ATLANTA	B-ORG
2	O
(	O
in	O
13	O
)	O

Pittsburgh	B-ORG
8	O
HOUSTON	O
6	O

LOS	B-ORG
ANGELES	I-ORG
8	O
Philadelphia	B-ORG
5	O

Montreal	B-ORG
5	O
SAN	B-ORG
FRANCISCO	I-ORG
4	O

BASEBALL	O
-	O
SORRENTO	B-PER
HITS	O
SLAM	O
AS	O
SEATTLE	B-ORG
ROUTS	O
ORIOLES	B-ORG
.	O

Former	O
Oriole	B-MISC
Jamie	B-PER
Moyer	I-PER
allowed	O
two	O
hits	O
over	O
eight	O
scoreless	O
innings	O
before	O
tiring	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
Paul	B-PER
Sorrento	I-PER
added	O
his	O
third	O
grand	O
slam	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Seattle	B-ORG
Mariners	I-ORG
routed	O
Baltimore	B-ORG
10-3	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Moyer	B-PER
(	O
10-2	O
)	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
tagged	O
for	O
a	O
pair	O
of	O
homers	O
by	O
Mike	B-PER
Devereaux	I-PER
and	O
Brady	B-PER
Anderson	I-PER
and	O
three	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
,	O
walked	O
none	O
and	O
struck	O
out	O
two	O
.	O

Norm	B-PER
Charlton	I-PER
retired	O
the	O
final	O
three	O
batters	O
to	O
seal	O
the	O
victory	O
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
Ken	B-PER
Griffey	I-PER
Jr	I-PER
and	O
Edgar	B-PER
Martinez	I-PER
stroked	O
back-to-back	O
singles	O
off	O
Orioles	B-ORG
starter	O
Rocky	B-PER
Coppinger	I-PER
(	O
7-5	O
)	O
and	O
Jay	B-PER
Buhner	I-PER
walked	O
.	O

Sorrento	B-PER
followed	O
by	O
hitting	O
a	O
1-2	O
pitch	O
just	O
over	O
the	O
right-field	O
wall	O
for	O
a	O
7-0	O
advantage	O
.	O

Right	O
fielder	O
Bobby	B-PER
Bonilla	I-PER
was	O
after	O
the	O
ball	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
touched	O
by	O
fans	O
at	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
scoreboard	O
in	O
right	O
.	O

"	O
Things	O
fell	O
in	O
for	O
us	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Sorrento	B-PER
,	O
who	O
has	O
six	O
career	O
grand	O
slams	O
and	O
hit	O
the	O
ninth	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
for	O
the	O
Mariners	B-ORG
.	O

In	O
the	O
American	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
wild-card	O
race	O
,	O
the	O
Mariners	B-ORG
are	O
three	O
games	O
behind	O
the	O
White	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
,	O
two	O
behind	O
Baltimore	B-ORG
and	O
two	O
ahead	O
of	O
the	O
Red	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
heading	O
into	O
Boston	B-LOC
for	O
a	O
weekend	O
series	O
.	O

Moyer	B-PER
retired	O
11	O
straight	O
batters	O
between	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
seventh	O
innings	O
and	O
threw	O
two	O
or	O
fewer	O
pitches	O
to	O
11	O
of	O
the	O
29	O
batters	O
he	O
faced	O
.	O

We	O
won	O
the	O
game	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Moyer	B-PER
.	O

Coppinger	B-PER
(	O
7-5	O
)	O
was	O
tagged	O
for	O
eight	O
runs	O
and	O
10	O
hits	O
in	O
4	O
1/3	O
innings	O
.	O

Orioles	B-ORG
manager	O
Davey	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
missed	O
the	O
game	O
after	O
being	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	O
with	O
an	O
irregular	O
heartbeat	O
.	O

Bench	O
coach	O
Andy	B-PER
Etchebarren	I-PER
took	O
his	O
place	O
.	O

In	O
Boston	B-LOC
,	O
Troy	B-PER
O'Leary	I-PER
homered	O
off	O
the	O
right-field	O
foul	O
pole	O
with	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
the	O
Red	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
climbed	O
to	O
the	O
.500	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
this	O
season	O
with	O
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
victory	O
,	O
2-1	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	B-ORG
Athletics	I-ORG
.	O

Boston	B-ORG
has	O
won	O
15	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
19	O
games	O
.	O

Boston	B-ORG
's	O
Roger	B-PER
Clemens	I-PER
(	O
7-11	O
)	O
was	O
one	O
out	O
away	O
from	O
his	O
second	O
straight	O
shutout	O
when	O
pinch-hitter	O
Matt	B-PER
Stairs	I-PER
tripled	O
over	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
centre	O
fielder	O
Lee	B-PER
Tinsley	I-PER
on	O
an	O
0-2	O
pitch	O
and	O
pinch-hitter	O
Terry	B-PER
Steinbach	I-PER
dunked	O
a	O
broken-bat	O
single	O
into	O
right	O
to	O
lift	O
Oakland	B-ORG
into	O
a	O
1-1	O
tie	O
.	O

The	O
run	O
broke	O
Clemens	B-PER
'	O
28-inning	O
shutout	O
streak	O
,	O
longest	O
in	O
the	O
majors	O
this	O
season	O
.	O

Reliever	O
Mark	B-PER
Acre	I-PER
(	O
0-1	O
)	O
took	O
the	O
loss	O
.	O

In	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
,	O
Garret	B-PER
Anderson	I-PER
and	O
Gary	B-PER
DiSarcina	I-PER
drove	O
in	O
two	O
runs	O
apiece	O
in	O
a	O
five-run	O
first	O
inning	O
and	O
Jim	B-PER
Edmonds	I-PER
highlighted	O
a	O
six-run	O
sixth	O
with	O
a	O
bases-loaded	O
double	O
as	O
the	O
California	B-ORG
Angels	I-ORG
coasted	O
to	O
a	O
12-3	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
their	O
three-game	O
series	O
.	O

The	O
Angels	B-ORG
battered	O
Kenny	B-PER
Rogers	I-PER
(	O
10-7	O
)	O
for	O
five	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
.	O

The	O
Yankees	B-ORG
have	O
allowed	O
at	O
least	O
two	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
inning	O
in	O
six	O
straight	O
games	O
,	O
getting	O
outscored	O
21-1	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
inning	O
in	O
that	O
span	O
.	O

Chuck	B-PER
Finley	I-PER
(	O
12-12	O
)	O
snapped	O
a	O
four-game	O
losing	O
streak	O
.	O

In	O
Kansas	B-LOC
City	I-LOC
,	O
Travis	B-PER
Fryman	I-PER
doubled	O
in	O
the	O
go-ahead	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
and	O
Melvin	B-PER
Nieves	I-PER
and	O
Damion	B-PER
Easley	I-PER
belted	O
two-run	O
homers	O
as	O
the	O
Detroit	B-ORG
Tigers	I-ORG
claimed	O
a	O
10-3	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
Royals	B-ORG
,	O
handing	O
them	O
their	O
fifth	O
straight	O
loss	O
.	O

The	O
Tigers	B-ORG
won	O
their	O
third	O
straight	O
and	O
halted	O
a	O
seven-game	O
road	O
losing	O
streak	O
behind	O
Justin	B-PER
Thompson	I-PER
(	O
1-2	O
)	O
,	O
who	O
earned	O
his	O
first	O
major-league	O
win	O
.	O

Tim	B-PER
Belcher	I-PER
(	O
12-8	O
)	O
was	O
tagged	O
for	O
six	O
runs	O
and	O
nine	O
hits	O
in	O
eight	O
innings	O
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	B-LOC
,	O
Ken	B-PER
Hill	I-PER
allowed	O
two	O
runs	O
en	O
route	O
to	O
his	O
sixth	O
complete	O
game	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
Rusty	B-PER
Greer	I-PER
added	O
three	O
hits	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
homer	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
RBI	B-MISC
as	O
the	O
red-hot	O
Texas	B-ORG
Rangers	I-ORG
routed	O
the	O
Twins	B-ORG
11-2	O
.	O

The	O
Rangers	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
won	O
for	O
the	O
11th	O
time	O
in	O
their	O
last	O
13	O
games	O
,	O
have	O
scored	O
45	O
runs	O
in	O
their	O
last	O
five	O
contests	O
.	O

Hill	B-PER
(	O
14-7	O
)	O
allowed	O
10	O
hits	O
.	O

In	O
Chicago	B-LOC
,	O
Erik	B-PER
Hanson	I-PER
outdueled	O
Alex	B-PER
Fernandez	I-PER
,	O
and	O
Jacob	B-PER
Brumfield	I-PER
drove	O
in	O
Otis	B-PER
Nixon	I-PER
with	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
sixth	O
inning	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	B-ORG
Blue	I-ORG
Jays	I-ORG
blanked	O
the	O
White	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
1-0	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
shortened	O
to	O
six	O
innings	O
due	O
to	O
rain	O
.	O

Toronto	B-ORG
won	O
its	O
fifth	O
straight	O
and	O
handed	O
the	O
White	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
their	O
seventh	O
loss	O
in	O
nine	O
games	O
.	O

Hanson	B-PER
(	O
11-15	O
)	O
allowed	O
three	O
hits	O
,	O
walked	O
three	O
and	O
struck	O
out	O
four	O
to	O
snap	O
a	O
personal	O
three-game	O
losing	O
streak	O
.	O

Fernandez	B-PER
(	O
12-8	O
)	O
scattered	O
six	O
hits	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
SPORTING	B-ORG
START	O
NEW	O
SEASON	O
WITH	O
A	O
WIN	O
.	O

Sporting	B-ORG
's	O
Luis	B-PER
Miguel	I-PER
Predrosa	I-PER
scored	O
the	O
first	O
goal	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
league	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Lisbon	B-LOC
side	O
cruised	O
to	O
a	O
3-1	O
away	O
win	O
over	O
SC	B-ORG
Espinho	I-ORG
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Predrosa	B-PER
drilled	O
a	O
right-foot	O
shot	O
into	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
the	O
net	O
after	O
24	O
minutes	O
to	O
set	O
Sporting	B-ORG
on	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
victory	O
.	O

Although	O
Espinho	B-ORG
's	O
Nail	B-PER
Besirovic	I-PER
put	O
the	O
home	O
side	O
back	O
on	O
terms	O
in	O
the	O
35th	O
minute	O
,	O
Sporting	B-ORG
quickly	O
restored	O
their	O
lead	O
.	O

Jose	B-PER
Luis	I-PER
Vidigal	I-PER
scored	O
in	O
the	O
38th	O
minute	O
and	O
Mustapha	B-PER
Hadji	I-PER
added	O
the	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
57th	O
.	O

The	O
game	O
was	O
brought	O
forward	O
from	O
Sunday	O
when	O
reigning	O
champions	O
Porto	B-ORG
and	O
Lisbon	B-ORG
rivals	O
Benfica	B-ORG
play	O
their	O
first	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
PORTUGUESE	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	O
RESULT	O
.	O

Result	O
of	O
a	O
Portuguese	B-MISC
first	O

Espinho	O
1	O
Sporting	B-ORG
3	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
ST	B-ORG
PAULI	I-ORG
TAKE	O
POINT	O
WITH	O
LATE	O
FIGHTBACK	O
.	O

Hamburg	B-LOC
side	O
St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
,	O
tipped	O
as	O
prime	O
candidates	O
for	O
relegation	O
,	O
produced	O
a	O
stunning	O
second-half	O
fightback	O
to	O
draw	O
4-4	O
in	O
their	O
Bundesliga	B-MISC
clash	O
with	O
Schalke	B-ORG
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Schalke	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
finished	O
third	O
last	O
season	O
,	O
raced	O
to	O
a	O
3-1	O
lead	O
at	O
halftime	O
.	O

St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
pulled	O
a	O
goal	O
back	O
through	O
Andre	B-PER
Trulsen	I-PER
but	O
Schalke	B-ORG
striker	O
Martin	B-PER
Max	I-PER
restored	O
his	O
team	O
's	O
two-goal	O
cushion	O
shortly	O
afterwards	O
.	O

Christian	B-PER
Springer	I-PER
put	O
St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
back	O
in	O
touch	O
in	O
the	O
64th	O
minute	O
and	O
three	O
minutes	O
later	O
they	O
were	O
level	O
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
a	O
penalty	O
from	O
Thomas	B-PER
Sabotzik	I-PER
.	O

In	O
the	O
night	O
's	O
only	O
other	O
match	O
,	O
Hamburg	B-ORG
beat	O
Hansa	B-ORG
Rostock	I-ORG
1-0	O
,	O
Karsten	B-PER
Baeron	I-PER
scoring	O
the	O
winner	O
after	O
some	O
dazzling	O
build-up	O
from	O
in-form	O
midfielder	O
Harald	B-PER
Spoerl	I-PER
.	O

The	O
win	O
put	O
Hamburg	B-ORG
in	O
second	O
place	O
in	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
first	O
division	O
after	O
three	O
games	O
,	O
though	O
that	O
may	O
change	O
after	O
the	O
other	O
sides	O
play	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

ATHLETICS	O
-	O
SALAH	B-PER
HISSOU	I-PER
BREAKS	O
10,000	O
METRES	O
WORLD	O
RECORD	O
.	O

Morocco	B-LOC
's	O
Salah	B-PER
Hissou	I-PER
broke	O
the	O
men	O
's	O
10,000	O
metres	O
world	O
record	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
he	O
clocked	O
26	O
minutes	O
38.08	O
seconds	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	O
prix	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
previous	O
mark	O
of	O
26:43.53	O
was	O
set	O
by	O
Ethiopia	B-LOC
's	O
Haile	B-PER
Gebreselassie	I-PER
in	O
the	O
Dutch	B-MISC
town	O
of	O
Hengelo	B-LOC
in	O
June	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	O
SUMMARIES	O
.	O

Summaries	O
of	O
Bundesliga	B-MISC
matches	O
on	O
Friday	O
:	O

Hansa	B-ORG
Rostock	I-ORG
0	O
Hamburg	O
1	O
(	O
Baeron	B-PER
64th	O
min	O
)	O
.	O

St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
4	O
(	O
Driller	B-PER
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	B-PER
54th	O
,	O
Springer	B-PER
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	B-PER
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	B-ORG
4	O
(	O
Max	B-PER
11th	O
,	O
Thon	B-PER
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	B-PER
38th	O
,	O
Springer	B-PER
64th	O
)	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
FRENCH	B-MISC
LEAGUE	O
SUMMARY	O
.	O

Summary	O
of	O
a	O
French	B-MISC
first	O
division	O
match	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Nancy	B-ORG
0	O
Paris	B-ORG
St	I-ORG
Germain	I-ORG
0	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
FRENCH	B-MISC
LEAGUE	O
RESULT	O
.	O

Result	O
of	O
a	O
French	B-MISC
first	O
division	O
match	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Nancy	B-ORG
0	O
Paris	B-ORG
St	I-ORG
Germain	I-ORG
0	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	O
RESULTS	O
.	O

Results	O
of	O
German	B-MISC
first	O
division	O

St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
4	O
Schalke	B-ORG
4	O

Hansa	O
Rostock	O
0	O
Hamburg	B-ORG
1	O

ATHLETICS	O
-	O
MASTERKOVA	B-PER
BREAKS	O
SECOND	O
WORLD	O
RECORD	O
IN	O
10	O
DAYS	O
.	O

Russia	B-LOC
's	O
double	O
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Svetlana	B-PER
Masterkova	I-PER
smashed	O
her	O
second	O
world	O
record	O
in	O
just	O
10	O
days	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
she	O
bettered	O
the	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
1,000	O
metres	O
.	O

After	O
breaking	O
the	O
world	O
record	O
for	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
mile	O
in	O
Zurich	B-LOC
last	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
the	O
Olympic	B-MISC
800	O
and	O
1,500	O
metres	O
champion	O
clocked	O
two	O
minutes	O
28.98	O
seconds	O
over	O
1,000	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	O
prix	O
meeting	O
.	O

The	O
Russian	B-MISC
ate	O
up	O
the	O
ground	O
in	O
a	O
swift	O
last	O
lap	O
to	O
shave	O
0.36	O
seconds	O
off	O
the	O
previous	O
best	O
of	O
2:29.34	O
set	O
by	O
Mozambique	B-LOC
's	O
Maria	B-PER
Mutola	I-PER
in	O
the	O
same	O
stadium	O
in	O
August	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Former	O
world	O
800	O
champion	O
Mutola	B-PER
pushed	O
Masterkova	B-PER
all	O
the	O
way	O
,	O
finishing	O
second	O
in	O
2:29.66	O
.	O

But	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
who	O
picked	O
up	O
the	O
bonus	O
of	O
$	O
25,000	O
for	O
the	O
historic	O
run	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
a	O
capacity	O
40,000	O
crowd	O
.	O

Masterkova	B-PER
dominated	O
the	O
middle-distance	O
races	O
at	O
the	O
recent	O
Atlanta	B-MISC
Games	I-MISC
following	O
her	O
return	O
to	O
competition	O
this	O
season	O
after	O
a	O
three-year	O
maternity	O
break	O
.	O

In	O
her	O
first	O
mile	O
race	O
at	O
the	O
richest	O
meeting	O
in	O
Zurich	B-LOC
last	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
she	O
slashed	O
3.05	O
seconds	O
off	O
the	O
previous	O
record	O
.	O

The	O
record	O
of	O
four	O
minutes	O
,	O
12.56	O
seconds	O
in	O
Zurich	B-LOC
earned	O
Masterkova	B-PER
a	O
bonus	O
of	O
$	O
50,000	O
plus	O
one	O
kilo	O
of	O
gold	O
.	O

After	O
Friday	O
's	O
performance	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
will	O
have	O
earned	O
well	O
over	O
$	O
100,000	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
fortnight	O
,	O
taking	O
her	O
appearance	O
money	O
into	O
account	O
.	O

Brussels	B-LOC
organisers	O
had	O
laid	O
a	O
new	O
track	O
for	O
the	O
meeting	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
surface	O
at	O
the	O
Atlanta	B-MISC
Games	I-MISC
but	O
put	O
down	O
on	O
a	O
softer	O
surface	O
.	O

Masterkova	B-PER
clearly	O
enjoyed	O
it	O
.	O

Mutola	B-PER
looked	O
threatening	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
200	O
metres	O
but	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
found	O
an	O
extra	O
gear	O
to	O
power	O
home	O
several	O
strides	O
ahead	O
,	O
pointing	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
on	O
the	O
clock	O
with	O
delight	O
as	O
she	O
crossed	O
the	O
line	O
.	O

2:30.67	O
Christine	B-PER
Wachtel	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
Berlin	B-LOC
17.8.90	O

2:29.34	O
Maria	B-PER
Mutola	I-PER
(	O
Mozambique	B-LOC
)	O
Brussels	B-LOC
25.8.95	O

2:28.98	O
Svetlana	B-PER
Masterkova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
Brussels	B-LOC
23.8.96	O

ATHLETICS	O
-	O
MASTERKOVA	B-PER
BREAKS	O
WOMEN	O
'S	O
WORLD	O
1,000	O
RECORD	O
.	O

Russian	B-MISC
Svetlana	B-PER
Masterkova	I-PER
broke	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
world	O
1,000	O
metres	O
record	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
she	O
clocked	O
an	O
unofficial	O
two	O
minutes	O
28.99	O
seconds	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	O
prix	O
.	O

The	O
previous	O
mark	O
of	O
2:29.34	O
was	O
set	O
by	O
Mozambique	B-LOC
's	O
Maria	B-PER
Mutola	I-PER
here	O
on	O
August	O
25	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

GOLF	O
-	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
SECOND	O
ROUND	O
SCORES	O
.	O

STUTTGART	B-LOC
,	O
Germany	B-LOC
1996-08-23	O

scores	O
in	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
golf	O
championship	O
on	O
Friday	O
(	O
Britain	B-LOC

128	O
Ian	B-PER
Woosnam	I-PER
64	O
64	O

130	O
Fernando	B-PER
Roca	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
66	O
64	O
,	O
Ian	O
Pyman	O
66	O
64	O

131	O
Carl	B-PER
Suneson	I-PER
65	O
66	O
,	O
Stephen	O
Field	O
66	O
65	O

132	O
Miguel	O
Angel	O
Martin	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
66	O
66	O
,	O
Raymond	B-PER
Russell	I-PER
63	O
69	O
,	O

Thomas	B-PER
Gogele	I-PER
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
67	O
65	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
Broadhurst	I-PER
62	O
70	O
,	O

Diego	B-PER
Borrego	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
69	O
63	O

133	O
Ricky	O
Willison	O
69	O
64	O
,	O
Stephen	B-PER
Ames	I-PER
(	O
Trinidad	O
and	O
Tobago	O
)	O

68	O
65	O
,	O
Eamonn	B-PER
Darcy	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
65	O
68	O

134	O
Robert	B-PER
Coles	I-PER
68	O
66	O
,	O
David	B-PER
Williams	I-PER
67	O
67	O
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Bjorn	I-PER

(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O
66	O
68	O
,	O
Pedro	B-PER
Linhart	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
67	O
67	O
,	O
Michael	B-PER

Jonzon	B-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
67	O
67	O
,	O
Roger	B-PER
Chapman	I-PER
72	O
62	O
,	O
Jonathan	B-PER
Lomas	I-PER

67	O
67	O
,	O
Francisco	B-PER
Cea	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
68	O
66	O

135	O
Terry	B-PER
Price	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
67	O
68	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
Eales	I-PER
67	O
68	O
,	O
Wayne	O

Riley	B-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Carl	B-PER
Mason	I-PER
69	O
66	O
,	O
Barry	B-PER
Lane	I-PER

68	O
67	O
,	O
Bernhard	B-PER
Langer	I-PER
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Gary	B-PER
Orr	I-PER
67	O
68	O
,	O

Mats	B-PER
Lanner	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Jeff	B-PER
Hawksworth	I-PER
67	O
68	O
,	O
Des	B-PER

Smyth	O
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
66	O
69	O
,	O
David	B-PER
Carter	I-PER
66	O
69	O
,	O
Steve	B-PER
Webster	I-PER

69	O
66	O
,	O
Jose	B-PER
Maria	I-PER
Canizares	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
67	O
68	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
Lawrie	I-PER

ATHLETICS	O
-	O
MITCHELL	O
UPSTAGES	O
TRIO	O
OF	O
OLYMPIC	B-MISC
SPRINT	O
CHAMPIONS	O
.	O

American	B-MISC
Dennis	B-PER
Mitchell	I-PER
upstaged	O
a	O
trio	O
of	O
past	O
and	O
present	O
Olympic	B-MISC
100	O
metres	O
champions	O
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
storming	O
victory	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	O
prix	O
.	O

Sporting	B-ORG
his	O
customary	O
bright	O
green	O
outfit	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	B-LOC
champion	O
clocked	O
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	O
of	O
Canada	B-LOC
's	O
reigning	O
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Donovan	B-PER
Bailey	I-PER
,	O
1992	O
champion	O
Linford	B-PER
Christie	I-PER
of	O
Britain	B-LOC
and	O
American	B-MISC
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	B-PER
Lewis	I-PER
.	O

Mitchell	B-PER
also	O
beat	O
world	O
and	O
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Bailey	O
at	O
the	O
most	O
lucrative	O
meeting	O
in	O
the	O
sport	O
in	O
Zurich	B-LOC
last	O
week	O
.	O

The	O
American	B-MISC
,	O
who	O
finished	O
fourth	O
at	O
the	O
Atlanta	B-MISC
Games	I-MISC
,	O
was	O
fast	O
out	O
of	O
his	O
blocks	O
and	O
held	O
off	O
Bailey	B-PER
's	O
late	O
burst	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
20	O
metres	O
before	O
heading	O
off	O
for	O
a	O
lap	O
of	O
celebration	O
.	O

The	O
Canadian	B-MISC
was	O
second	O
in	O
10.09	O
with	O
Lewis	B-PER
third	O
in	O
10.10	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
bronze	O
medallist	O
Ato	B-PER
Boldon	I-PER
who	O
clocked	O
10.12	O
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

Christie	B-PER
,	O
competing	O
in	O
what	O
is	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
his	O
last	O
major	O
international	O
meeting	O
,	O
finished	O
fifth	O
in	O
10.14	O
.	O

Lewis	B-PER
,	O
making	O
a	O
rare	O
appearance	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
in	O
a	O
sprint	O
race	O
,	O
left	O
the	O
track	O
with	O
a	O
slight	O
limp	O
.	O

American	B-MISC
Olympic	I-MISC
high	O
hurdles	O
champion	O
Allen	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
defied	O
the	O
wet	O
conditions	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
brilliant	O
12.92	O
seconds	O
in	O
the	O
110	O
metres	O
race	O
,	O
just	O
0.01	O
outside	O
the	O
world	O
record	O
held	O
by	O
Britain	B-LOC
's	O
Colin	B-PER
Jackson	I-PER
.	O

Johnson	B-PER
ran	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	B-LOC
Olympic	B-MISC
trials	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
in	O
June	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
second	O
equal	O
fastest	O
hurdler	O
of	O
all	O
time	O
with	O
American	B-MISC
Roger	B-PER
Kingdom	I-PER
.	O

He	O
seemed	O
to	O
relish	O
the	O
new	O
track	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	B-LOC
meeting	O
,	O
dominating	O
the	O
race	O
from	O
start	O
to	O
finish	O
with	O
a	O
slight	O
wind	O
at	O
his	O
back	O
.	O

Jackson	B-PER
,	O
the	O
only	O
man	O
to	O
have	O
run	O
faster	O
,	O
could	O
not	O
live	O
with	O
his	O
speed	O
,	O
taking	O
second	O
in	O
13.24	O
seconds	O
.	O

But	O
Sweden	B-LOC
's	O
Olympic	B-MISC
high	O
hurdles	O
champion	O
Ludmila	B-PER
Engquist	I-PER
,	O
who	O
crashed	O
out	O
of	O
last	O
week	O
's	O
meeting	O
in	O
Zurich	B-LOC
after	O
hitting	O
a	O
hurdle	O
,	O
also	O
kept	O
her	O
footing	O
perfectly	O
to	O
win	O
in	O
a	O
fast	O
12.60	O
seconds	O
.	O

Olympic	B-MISC
silver	O
medallist	O
Brigita	B-PER
Bukovec	I-PER
of	O
Slovenia	B-LOC
could	O
finish	O
only	O
fifth	O
in	O
the	O
race	O
in	O
12.95	O
.	O

Jamaican	B-MISC
Commonwealth	B-ORG
champion	O
Michelle	B-PER
Freeman	I-PER
took	O
second	O
in	O
12.77	O
ahead	O
of	O
Cuban	B-MISC
Aliuska	B-PER
Lopez	I-PER
.	O

The	O
Zurich	B-LOC
fall	O
cost	O
Engquist	B-PER
a	O
shot	O
at	O
a	O
jackpot	O
of	O
20	O
one-kg	O
gold	O
bars	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
won	O
by	O
athletes	O
who	O
clinch	O
their	O
events	O
at	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Golden	B-MISC
Four	I-MISC
series	O
in	O
Oslo	B-LOC
,	O
Zurich	B-LOC
,	O
Brussels	B-LOC
and	O
Berlin	B-LOC
.	O

Seven	O
athletes	O
went	O
into	O
Friday	O
's	O
penultimate	O
meeting	O
of	O
the	O
series	O
with	O
a	O
chance	O
of	O
winning	O
the	O
prize	O
and	O
American	B-MISC
men	O
's	O
400	O
metres	O
hurdles	O
champion	O
Derrick	B-PER
Adkins	I-PER
kept	O
his	O
hopes	O
alive	O
in	O
the	O
competition	O
by	O
winning	O
his	O
event	O
in	O
47.93	O
.	O

American	B-MISC
Olympic	I-MISC
champion	O
Gail	B-PER
Devers	I-PER
clocked	O
a	O
swift	O
10.84	O
seconds	O
on	O
her	O
way	O
to	O
victory	O
in	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
100	O
metres	O
,	O
the	O
second	O
fastest	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
0.10	O
seconds	O
faster	O
than	O
her	O
winning	O
time	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
.	O

Jamaican	B-MISC
veteran	O
Merlene	B-PER
Ottey	I-PER
,	O
who	O
beat	O
Devers	B-PER
in	O
Zurich	B-LOC
after	O
just	O
missing	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
gold	O
medal	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
after	O
a	O
photo	O
finish	O
,	O
had	O
to	O
settle	O
for	O
third	O
place	O
in	O
11.04	O
.	O

American	B-MISC
world	O
champion	O
Gwen	B-PER
Torrence	I-PER
,	O
the	O
bronze	O
medallist	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
,	O
was	O
second	O
in	O
11.00	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
costly	O
defeat	O
for	O
Ottey	B-PER
since	O
it	O
threw	O
her	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
race	O
for	O
the	O
Golden	B-MISC
Four	I-MISC
jackpot	O
.	O

ATHLETICS	O
-	O
BRUSSELS	B-MISC
GRAND	I-MISC
PRIX	I-MISC
RESULTS	O
.	O

Leading	O
results	O
in	O
the	O
Brussels	B-MISC

Grand	B-MISC
Prix	I-MISC
athletics	O
meeting	O
on	O
Friday	O
:	O

1.	O
Ilke	B-PER
Wyludda	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
66.60	O
metres	O

2.	O
Ellina	B-PER
Zvereva	I-PER
(	O
Belarus	O
)	O
65.66	O

3.	O
Franka	B-PER
Dietzsch	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
61.74	O

4.	O
Natalya	B-PER
Sadova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
61.64	O

5.	O
Mette	B-PER
Bergmann	I-PER
(	O
Norway	B-LOC
)	O
61.44	O

6.	O
Nicoleta	B-PER
Grasu	I-PER
(	O
Romania	B-LOC
)	O
61.36	O

7.	O
Olga	B-PER
Chernyavskaya	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
60.46	O

8.	O
Irina	O
Yatchenko	O
(	O
Belarus	B-LOC
)	O
58.92	O

1.	O
Ludmila	B-PER
Engquist	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
12.60	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Michelle	B-PER
Freeman	I-PER
(	O
Jamaica	O
)	O
12.77	O

3.	O
Aliuska	B-PER
Lopez	I-PER
(	O
Cuba	B-LOC
)	O
12.85	O

4.	O
Dionne	B-PER
Rose	I-PER
(	O
Jamaica	B-LOC
)	O
12.88	O

5.	O
Brigita	B-PER
Bukovec	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
12.95	O

6.	O
Yulia	B-PER
Graudin	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
12.96	O

7.	O
Julie	B-PER
Baumann	I-PER
(	O
Switzerland	O
)	O
13.36	O

8.	O
Patricia	B-PER
Girard-Leno	I-PER
(	O
France	O
)	O
13.36	O

9.	O
Dawn	B-PER
Bowles	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
13.53	O

1.	O
Allen	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
12.92	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Colin	B-PER
Jackson	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
13.24	O

3.	O
Emilio	B-PER
Valle	I-PER
(	O
Cuba	O
)	O
13.33	O

4.	O
Sven	B-PER
Pieters	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
13.37	O

6.	O
Frank	B-PER
Asselman	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
13.64	O

7.	O
Hubert	B-PER
Grossard	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
13.65	O

8.	O
Jonathan	B-PER
N'Senga	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
13.66	O

9.	O
Johan	B-PER
Lisabeth	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
13.75	O

1.	O
Roberta	B-PER
Brunet	I-PER
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
14	O
minutes	O
48.96	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Fernanda	B-PER
Ribeiro	I-PER
(	O
Portugal	O
)	O
14:49.81	O

3.	O
Sally	B-PER
Barsosio	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
14:58.29	O

5.	O
Julia	B-PER
Vaquero	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
15:04.94	O

6.	O
Catherine	B-PER
McKiernan	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
15:07.57	O

7.	O
Annette	B-PER
Peters	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
15:07.85	O

8.	O
Pauline	B-PER
Konga	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
15:11.40	O

1.	O
Dennis	O
Mitchell	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
10.03	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Donovan	O
Bailey	O
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
10.09	O

3.	O
Carl	O
Lewis	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
10.10	O

4.	O
Ato	B-PER
Boldon	I-PER
(	O
Trinidad	B-LOC
)	O
10.12	O

5.	O
Linford	O
Christie	O
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
10.14	O

7.	O
Jon	B-PER
Drummond	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
10.16	O

8.	O
Bruny	B-PER
Surin	I-PER
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
10.30	O

1.	O
Derrick	B-PER
Adkins	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
47.93	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Samuel	B-PER
Matete	I-PER
(	O
Zambia	B-LOC
)	O
47.99	O

3.	O
Rohan	B-PER
Robinson	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
48.86	O

4.	O
Torrance	B-PER
Zellner	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
49.06	O

5.	O
Jean-Paul	B-PER
Bruwier	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
49.24	O

6.	O
Dusan	O
Kovacs	O
(	O
Hungary	B-LOC
)	O
49.31	O

7.	O
Calvin	B-PER
Davis	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
49.49	O

8.	O
Laurent	B-PER
Ottoz	I-PER
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
49.61	O

9.	O
Marc	B-PER
Dollendorf	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
50.36	O

1.	O
Gail	B-PER
Devers	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
10.84	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Gwen	B-PER
Torrence	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
11.00	O

3.	O
Merlene	B-PER
Ottey	I-PER
(	O
Jamaica	B-LOC
)	O
11.04	O

4.	O
Mary	B-PER
Onyali	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
11.09	O

5.	O
Chryste	O
Gaines	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
11.18	O

6.	O
Zhanna	B-PER
Pintusevich	I-PER
(	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
)	O
11.27	O

7.	O
Irina	B-PER
Privalova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
11.28	O

8.	O
Natalia	B-PER
Voronova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
11.28	O

9.	O
Juliet	B-PER
Cuthbert	I-PER
(	O
Jamaica	B-LOC
)	O
11.31	O

1.	O
Regina	B-PER
Jacobs	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
4	O
minutes	O
01.77	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Patricia	B-PER
Djate	I-PER
(	O
France	O
)	O
4:02.26	O

3.	O
Carla	B-PER
Sacramento	I-PER
(	O
Portugal	B-LOC
)	O
4:02.67	O

5.	O
Margret	B-PER
Crowley	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
4:05.00	O

6.	O
Leah	O
Pells	O
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
4:05.64	O

7.	O
Sarah	B-PER
Thorsett	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
4:06.80	O

8.	O
Sinead	B-PER
Delahunty	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
4:07.27	O

1.	O
Joseph	B-PER
Keter	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	O
)	O
8	O
minutes	O
10.02	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Patrick	O
Sang	O
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:12.04	O

3.	O
Moses	O
Kiptanui	O
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:12.65	O

4.	O
Gideon	B-PER
Chirchir	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:15.69	O

5.	O
Richard	B-PER
Kosgei	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:16.80	O

6.	O
Larbi	O
El	O
Khattabi	O
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
8:17.29	O

7.	O
Eliud	B-PER
Barngetuny	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:17.66	O

8.	O
Bernard	B-PER
Barmasai	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	O
)	O
8:17.94	O

1.	O
Michael	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
44.29	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Derek	B-PER
Mills	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
44.78	O

3.	O
Anthuan	B-PER
Maybank	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
44.92	O

4.	O
Davis	B-PER
Kamoga	I-PER
(	O
Uganda	B-LOC
)	O
44.96	O

5.	O
Jamie	O
Baulch	O
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
45.08	O

6.	O
Sunday	B-PER
Bada	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
45.21	O

7.	O
Samson	B-PER
Kitur	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	O
)	O
45.34	O

8.	O
Mark	B-PER
Richardson	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
45.67	O

9.	O
Jason	B-PER
Rouser	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
46.11	O

1.	O
Frankie	B-PER
Fredericks	I-PER
(	O
Namibia	B-LOC
)	O
19.92	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Ato	B-PER
Boldon	I-PER
(	O
Trinidad	B-LOC
)	O
19.99	O

3.	O
Jeff	B-PER
Williams	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
20.21	O

4.	O
Jon	O
Drummond	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
20.42	O

5.	O
Patrick	O
Stevens	O
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
20.42	O

6.	O
Michael	B-PER
Marsh	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
20.43	O

8.	O
Eric	B-PER
Wymeersch	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
20.84	O

1.	O
Svetlana	B-PER
Masterkova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
minutes	O
28.98	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Maria	B-PER
Mutola	I-PER
(	O
Mozambique	O
)	O
2:29.66	O

3.	O
Malgorzata	B-PER
Rydz	I-PER
(	O
Poland	B-LOC
)	O
2:39.00	O

4.	O
Anja	O
Smolders	O
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
2:43.06	O

5.	O
Veerle	B-PER
De	I-PER
Jaeghere	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
2:43.18	O

6.	O
Eleonora	B-PER
Berlanda	I-PER
(	O
Italy	O
)	O
2:43.44	O

7.	O
Anneke	B-PER
Matthijs	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
2:43.82	O

8.	O
Jacqueline	O
Martin	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
2:44.22	O

1.	O
Mary	B-PER
Onyali	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
22.42	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Inger	B-PER
Miller	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
22.66	O

3.	O
Irina	B-PER
Privalova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
22.68	O

4.	O
Natalia	B-PER
Voronova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
22.73	O

5.	O
Marina	B-PER
Trandenkova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
22.84	O

6.	O
Chandra	B-PER
Sturrup	I-PER
(	O
Bahamas	B-LOC
)	O
22.85	O

7.	O
Zundra	B-PER
Feagin	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
23.18	O

8.	O
Galina	B-PER
Malchugina	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
23.25	O

1.	O
Cathy	B-PER
Freeman	I-PER
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
49.48	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Marie-Jose	B-PER
Perec	I-PER
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
49.72	O

3.	O
Falilat	B-PER
Ogunkoya	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
49.97	O

4.	O
Pauline	B-PER
Davis	I-PER
(	O
Bahamas	O
)	O
50.14	O

5.	O
Fatima	B-PER
Yussuf	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
50.14	O

6.	O
Maicel	B-PER
Malone	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
50.51	O

7.	O
Hana	B-PER
Benesova	I-PER
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
51.71	O

8.	O
Ann	B-PER
Mercken	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
53.55	O

1.	O
Daniel	B-PER
Komen	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	O
)	O
7	O
minutes	O
25.87	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Khalid	O
Boulami	O
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
7:31.65	O

3.	O
Bob	B-PER
Kennedy	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
7:31.69	O

4.	O
El	B-PER
Hassane	I-PER
Lahssini	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
7:32.44	O

5.	O
Thomas	B-PER
Nyariki	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
7:35.56	O

6.	O
Noureddine	O
Morceli	O
(	O
Algeria	B-LOC
)	O
7:36.81	O

7.	O
Fita	B-PER
Bayesa	I-PER
(	O
Ethiopia	O
)	O
7:38.09	O

8.	O
Martin	B-PER
Keino	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	O
)	O
7:38.88	O

1.	O
Lars	O
Riedel	O
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
66.74	O
metres	O

2.	O
Anthony	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
66.72	O

3.	O
Vladimir	B-PER
Dubrovshchik	I-PER
(	O
Belarus	B-LOC
)	O
64.02	O

4.	O
Virgilius	B-PER
Alekna	I-PER
(	O
Lithuania	O
)	O
63.62	O

5.	O
Juergen	B-PER
Schult	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
63.48	O

7.	O
Vaclavas	B-PER
Kidikas	I-PER
(	O
Lithuania	B-LOC
)	O
60.92	O

1.	O
Jonathan	O
Edwards	O
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
17.50	O
metres	O

2.	O
Yoelvis	B-PER
Quesada	I-PER
(	O
Cuba	O
)	O
17.29	O

3.	O
Brian	B-PER
Wellman	I-PER
(	O
Bermuda	B-LOC
)	O
17.05	O

4.	O
Kenny	B-PER
Harrison	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
16.97	O

5.	O
Gennadi	O
Markov	O
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
16.66	O

6.	O
Francis	B-PER
Agyepong	I-PER
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
16.63	O

7.	O
Rogel	B-PER
Nachum	I-PER
(	O
Israel	B-LOC
)	O
16.36	O

8.	O
Sigurd	B-PER
Njerve	I-PER
(	O
Norway	O
)	O
16.35	O

1.	O
Hicham	B-PER
El	I-PER
Guerrouj	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
three	O
minutes	O
29.05	O
seconds	O

3.	O
William	B-PER
Tanui	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
3:33.36	O

4.	O
Elijah	B-PER
Maru	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
3:33.64	O

5.	O
Marcus	O
O'Sullivan	O
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
3:33.77	O

6.	O
John	B-PER
Mayock	I-PER
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
3:33.94	O

8.	O
Christophe	B-PER
Impens	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
3:34.13	O

1.	O
Stefka	O
Kostadinova	O
(	O
Bulgaria	B-LOC
)	O
2.03	O
metres	O

2.	O
Inga	B-PER
Babakova	I-PER
(	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
)	O
2.03	O

3.	O
Alina	B-PER
Astafei	I-PER
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
1.97	O

4.	O
Tatyana	B-PER
Motkova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
1.94	O

6.	O
Yelena	B-PER
Gulyayeva	I-PER
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
1.88	O

7.	O
Hanna	B-PER
Haugland	I-PER
(	O
Norway	O
)	O
1.88	O

Olga	B-PER
Boshova	I-PER
(	O
Moldova	O
)	O
1.85	O

1.	O
Salah	B-PER
Hissou	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O
26	O
minutes	O
38.08	O
seconds	O
(	O
world	O

2.	O
Paul	B-PER
Tergat	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
26:54.41	O

3.	O
Paul	O
Koech	O
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
26:56.78	O

4.	O
William	O
Kiptum	O
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
27:18.84	O

6.	O
Mathias	B-PER
Ntawulikura	I-PER
(	O
Rwanda	B-LOC
)	O
27:25.48	O

7.	O
Abel	B-PER
Anton	I-PER
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
28:18.44	O

8.	O
Kamiel	B-PER
Maase	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
28.29.42	O

9.	O
Worku	B-PER
Bekila	I-PER
(	O
Ethiopia	B-LOC
)	O
28.42.23	O

10.	O
Robert	B-PER
Stefko	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
28:42.26	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
JORGE	B-PER
CALLS	O
UP	O
SIX	O
PORTO	B-ORG
PLAYERS	O
FOR	O
WORLD	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
QUALIFIER	O
.	O

Portugal	B-LOC
's	O
new	O
coach	O
Artur	B-PER
Jorge	I-PER
called	O
up	O
six	O
players	O
from	O
league	O
champions	O
Porto	B-ORG
on	O
Friday	O
in	O
an	O
18-man	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
qualifier	O
against	O
Armenia	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Midfielder	O
Paulo	B-PER
Sousa	I-PER
,	O
recently	O
transferred	O
to	O
Borussia	B-ORG
Dortmund	I-ORG
from	O
Italy	B-LOC
's	O
Juventus	B-ORG
,	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
leading	O
member	O
of	O
the	O
Portuguese	B-MISC
side	O
from	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
European	B-MISC
championships	O
who	O
will	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
trip	O
.	O

It	O
will	O
be	O
Jorge	B-PER
's	O
first	O
game	O
in	O
charge	O
of	O
the	O
national	O
squad	O
since	O
taking	O
over	O
from	O
Antonio	B-PER
Oliveira	I-PER
,	O
who	O
now	O
coaches	O
Porto	B-ORG
,	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
Euro	B-MISC
96	I-MISC
.	O

Goalkeepers	O
-	O
Vitor	B-PER
Baia	I-PER
,	O
Rui	B-PER
Correia	I-PER
.	O

Defenders	O
-	O
Jorge	O
Costa	O
,	O
Paulinho	B-PER
Santos	I-PER
,	O
Helder	B-PER
Cristovao	I-PER
,	O
Carlos	B-PER
Secretario	I-PER
,	O
Dimas	B-PER
Teixeira	I-PER
,	O
Fernando	O
Couto	O
.	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Jose	B-PER
Barroso	I-PER
,	O
Luis	B-PER
Figo	I-PER
,	O
Rui	B-PER
Barros	I-PER
,	O
Rui	O
Costa	O
,	O
Oceano	B-PER
Cruz	I-PER
,	O
Ricardo	B-PER
Sa	I-PER
Pinto	I-PER
.	O

Forwards	O
-	O
Domingos	B-PER
Oliveira	I-PER
,	O
Joao	O
Vieira	O
Pinto	O
,	O
Jorge	B-PER
Cadete	I-PER
,	O
Antonio	B-PER
Folha	I-PER
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
VOGTS	B-PER
KEEPS	O
FAITH	O
WITH	O
EURO	B-MISC
'	I-MISC
96	I-MISC
CHAMPIONS	O
.	O

Trainer	O
Berti	B-PER
Vogts	I-PER
kept	O
faith	O
with	O
his	O
entire	O
European	B-MISC
championship	O
winning	O
squad	O
for	O
Germany	B-LOC
's	O
first	O
match	O
since	O
their	O
title	O
victory	O
,	O
a	O
friendly	O
in	O
Poland	B-LOC
.	O

Vogts	B-PER
picked	O
no	O
new	O
players	O
for	O
the	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
September	O
4	O
game	O
in	O
Zabrze	B-LOC
.	O

Instead	O
on	O
Friday	O
he	O
nominated	O
all	O
23	O
Euro	B-MISC
'	I-MISC
96	I-MISC
veterans	O
including	O
Bremen	B-ORG
's	O
Jens	B-PER
Todt	I-PER
,	O
called	O
up	O
before	O
the	O
final	O
by	O
special	O
UEFA	B-ORG
dispensation	O
.	O

He	O
will	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
have	O
to	O
do	O
without	O
the	O
Dortmund	B-ORG
trio	O
of	O
libero	O
Matthias	B-PER
Sammer	I-PER
,	O
midfielder	O
Steffen	B-PER
Freund	I-PER
and	O
defender	O
Rene	B-PER
Schneider	I-PER
,	O
who	O
were	O
all	O
formally	O
nominated	O
despite	O
being	O
injured	O
.	O

"	O
This	O
squad	O
is	O
currently	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
my	O
planning	O
for	O
the	O
1998	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
,	O
"	O
Vogts	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

Goalkeepers	O
-	O
Oliver	B-PER
Kahn	I-PER
,	O
Andreas	O
Koepke	O
,	O
Oliver	B-PER
Reck	I-PER

Defenders	O
-	O
Markus	B-PER
Babbel	I-PER
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Helmer	I-PER
,	O
Juergen	O
Kohler	O
,	O
Stefan	B-PER
Reuter	I-PER
,	O
Matthias	B-PER
Sammer	I-PER
,	O
Rene	B-PER
Schneider	I-PER

Midfielders	O
-	O
Mario	B-PER
Basler	I-PER
,	O
Marco	B-PER
Bode	I-PER
,	O
Dieter	B-PER
Eilts	I-PER
,	O
Steffen	B-PER
Freund	I-PER
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Haessler	I-PER
,	O
Andreas	O
Moeller	O
,	O
Mehmet	B-PER
Scholl	I-PER
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Strunz	I-PER
,	O
Jens	B-PER
Todt	I-PER
,	O
Christian	B-PER
Ziege	I-PER

Forwards	O
-	O
Oliver	B-PER
Bierhoff	I-PER
,	O
Fredi	B-PER
Bobic	I-PER
,	O
Juergen	O
Klinsmann	O
,	O
Stefan	B-PER
Kuntz	I-PER
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
EUROPEAN	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
DRAWS	O
FOR	O
AEK	B-ORG
,	O
OLYMPIAKOS	B-ORG
,	O
PAO	B-ORG
.	O

Following	O
are	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
soccer	O

draws	O
for	O
the	O
UEFA	B-ORG
cup	O
and	O
the	O
cup	O
's	O
winners	O
cup	O
involving	O
Greek	B-MISC

teams	O
that	O
took	O
place	O
today	O
in	O
Geneva	B-LOC
:	O

x-AEK	B-ORG
Athens	I-ORG
(	O
Greece	B-LOC
)	O
v	O
Chemlon	B-ORG
Humenne	I-ORG
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O

x-Olympiakos	B-ORG
v	O
Ferencvaros	B-ORG
(	O
Hungary	B-LOC
)	O

x-PAO	B-ORG
v	O
Legia	O
Warsaw	O
(	O
Poland	B-LOC
)	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
EURO	B-MISC
CLUB	O
COMPETITION	O
FIRST	O
ROUND	O
DRAWS	O
.	O

Draws	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
club	O
soccer	O
competitions	O
made	O
on	O
Friday	O
(	O
x	O
denotes	O
seeded	O
team	O
)	O
:	O

UEFA	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O
v	O
x-Club	B-ORG
Brugge	I-ORG
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
Casino	B-ORG
Graz	I-ORG
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	B-ORG
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
Besiktas	B-ORG
(	O
Turkey	B-LOC
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	B-ORG
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
Alania	B-ORG
Vladikavkaz	I-ORG
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	B-ORG
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O

Cup	B-MISC
Winners	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
x-Cercle	B-ORG
Brugge	I-ORG
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
v	O
Brann	B-ORG
Bergen	I-ORG
(	O
Norway	B-LOC
)	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
SRI	B-LOC
LANKA	I-LOC
AND	O
AUSTRALIA	B-LOC
SAY	O
RELATIONS	O
HAVE	O
HEALED	O
.	O

Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
and	O
Australia	B-LOC
agreed	O
on	O
Friday	O
that	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
teams	O
had	O
healed	O
since	O
the	O
Sri	B-MISC
Lankans	I-MISC
'	O
acrimonious	O
tour	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
Sri	B-MISC
Lankans	I-MISC
were	O
first	O
found	O
guilty	O
then	O
cleared	O
of	O
ball	O
tampering	O
and	O
off-spinner	O
Muttiah	B-PER
Muralitharan	I-PER
was	O
called	O
for	O
throwing	O
during	O
a	O
controversial	O
three-test	O
series	O
in	O
Australia	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
Our	O
concern	O
is	O
to	O
get	O
out	O
there	O
and	O
play	O
proper	O
cricket	O
,	O
"	O
Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
captain	O
Arjuna	B-PER
Ranatunga	I-PER
told	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
on	O
the	O
eve	O
of	O
a	O
warmup	O
match	O
between	O
the	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
champions	O
and	O
a	O
World	B-ORG
XI	I-ORG
team	O
scheduled	O
for	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Australian	B-MISC
team	O
manager	O
Cam	B-PER
Battersby	I-PER
said	O
he	O
agreed	O
with	O
Ranatunga	B-PER
.	O

"	O
I	O
believe	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
teams	O
will	O
be	O
excellent	O
,	O
"	O
Batterby	B-PER
said	O
.	O

The	O
Australians	B-MISC
are	O
making	O
their	O
first	O
visit	O
to	O
the	O
Indian	B-LOC
Ocean	I-LOC
island	O
since	O
boycotting	O
a	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
fixture	O
in	O
February	O
after	O
a	O
terrorist	O
bomb	O
in	O
Colombo	B-LOC
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
have	O
been	O
promised	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
commandos	O
,	O
sniffer	O
dogs	O
and	O
plainclothes	O
policemen	O
to	O
ensure	O
a	O
limited	O
overs	O
tournament	O
is	O
trouble-free	O
.	O

The	O
tournament	O
,	O
starting	O
on	O
August	O
26	O
,	O
also	O
includes	O
India	B-LOC
and	O
Zimbabwe	B-LOC
.	O

Battersby	B-PER
said	O
he	O
was	O
satisfied	O
with	O
the	O
security	O
arrangements	O
.	O

Sri	B-MISC
Lankan	I-MISC
officials	O
said	O
they	O
expected	O
heavy	O
rain	O
which	O
washed	O
out	O
a	O
warmup	O
match	O
on	O
Friday	O
should	O
cease	O
by	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
,	O
led	O
by	O
wicketkeeper	O
Ian	B-PER
Healy	I-PER
,	O
opened	O
their	O
short	O
tour	O
of	O
Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
with	O
a	O
five-run	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
youth	O
team	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
Angolan	B-MISC
Chief	O
of	O
State	O
addressed	O
a	O
letter	O
to	O
UN	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
proposing	O
dates	O
for	O
the	O
conclusion	O
of	O
the	O
peace	O
process	O
in	O
Angola	B-LOC
.	O

He	O
proposed	O
definite	O
dates	O
,	O
August	O
25	O
for	O
return	O
of	O
Unita	B-ORG
generals	O
to	O
the	O
joint	O
army	O
,	O
September	O
5	O
for	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
the	O
Government	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
National	I-ORG
Unity	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Reconciliation	I-ORG
.	O

Until	O
this	O
date	O
the	O
free	O
circulation	O
of	O
peoples	O
and	O
goods	O
should	O
be	O
guaranteed	O
,	O
the	O
government	O
administration	O
installed	O
in	O
all	O
areas	O
and	O
the	O
Unita	B-ORG
deputies	O
should	O
occupy	O
their	O
places	O
in	O
the	O
National	B-ORG
Assembly	I-ORG
.	O

The	O
president	O
justified	O
his	O
proposal	O
by	O
the	O
delays	O
verified	O
in	O
the	O
peace	O
process	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
areas	O
under	O
Unita	B-ORG
control	O
or	O
occupation	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
effectively	O
demilitarised	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
Unita	B-ORG
military	O
forces	O
have	O
been	O
substituted	O
by	O
their	O
so-called	O
police	O
.	O

-	O
President	O
Dos	B-PER
Santos	I-PER
proposes	O
the	O
establishment	O
by	O
UN	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
of	O
definitive	O
and	O
final	O
timetable	O
for	O
the	O
tasks	O
and	O
obligations	O
under	O
the	O
Lusaka	B-MISC
Agreement	I-MISC
and	O
the	O
sending	O
of	O
a	O
mission	O
of	O
SC	B-ORG
,	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
possible	O
,	O
to	O
supervise	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
.	O

FORECAST	O
-	O
S.AFRICAN	B-MISC
COMPANY	O
RESULTS	O
CONSENSUS	O
.	O

South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
company	O
results	O
expected	O
next	O
week	O
include	O
the	O

MON	O
Gencor	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	O
93.12	O
92.0-94.5	O
73.8	O

MON	O
Gencor	B-ORG
YR	O
DIV	O
25.75	O
25.0-27.0	O
20.0	O

MON	O
Primedia	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	O
N	O
/	O
A	O
149.1	O

MON	O
Primedia	B-ORG
YR	O
DIV	O
N	O
/	O
A	O
123.2	O

MON	O
Distillers	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	O
N	O
/	O
A	O
71.8	O

TUE	O
Iscor	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	O
29.7	O
26.0-32.0	O
38.0	O

TUE	O
Iscor	B-ORG
YR	O
DIV	O
15.0	O
14.5-16.5	O
16.5	O

WED	O
Imphold	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	O
172.7	O
170.4-175.0	O
115.1	O

WED	O
Imphold	B-ORG
YR	O
DIV	O
67.5	O
66.6-68.4	O
45.0	O

THU	O
M&R	B-ORG
YR	O
DIV	O
31.7	O
10.5-42.3	O
47.0	O

THU	O
JD	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
YR	O
DIV	O
41.8	O
41.0-42.5	O
33.0	O

--	O
Johannesburg	B-LOC
newsroom	O
,	O
+27	O
11	O
482	O
1003	O

Ulster	B-ORG
Petroleums	I-ORG
Ltd	I-ORG
Q2	O
net	O
profit	O
falls	O
.	O

Shr	O
C$	B-MISC
0.12	O
C$	O
0.15	O

Nigerian	B-MISC
terms	O
jeopardize	O
Commonwealth	B-ORG
trip-Canada	B-MISC
.	O

Commonwealth	B-ORG
ministers	O
concerned	O
about	O
human	O
rights	O
in	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
may	O
cancel	O
a	O
planned	O
trip	O
there	O
because	O
of	O
government	O
restrictions	O
on	O
their	O
mission	O
,	O
Canadian	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Lloyd	B-PER
Axworthy	I-PER
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
reaction	O
of	O
the	O
regime	O
there	O
is	O
such	O
that	O
many	O
of	O
us	O
feel	O
that	O
the	O
mission	O
under	O
the	O
present	O
circumstances	O
should	O
n't	O
go	O
ahead	O
,	O
"	O
Axworthy	B-PER
said	O
.	O

Commonwealth	B-ORG
foreign	O
ministers	O
will	O
meet	O
in	O
London	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
to	O
discuss	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
he	O
added	O
.	O

Investors	O
gave	O
into	O
gold	O
fever	O
Friday	O
morning	O
,	O
with	O
heavy	O
trading	O
in	O
a	O
handful	O
of	O
Toronto-based	B-MISC
gold	O
companies	O
.	O

TVX	B-ORG
Gold	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
was	O
up	O
C$	B-MISC
0.30	O
to	O
C$	B-MISC
11.55	O
in	O
trading	O
of	O
780,000	O
shares	O
,	O
while	O
Kinross	B-ORG
Gold	I-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
gained	O
C$	B-MISC
0.25	O
to	O
C$	B-MISC
11	O
in	O
volume	O
of	O
720,000	O
shares	O
.	O

And	O
Scorpion	B-ORG
Minerals	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
junior	O
gold	O
exploration	O
company	O
with	O
five	O
Indonesian	B-MISC
mining	O
properties	O
,	O
was	O
up	O
C$	B-MISC
0.50	O
to	O
C$	B-MISC
6	O
,	O
with	O
about	O
120,000	O
shares	O
changing	O
hands	O
.	O

TVX	B-ORG
and	O
Kinross	B-ORG
rose	O
after	O
recent	O
buy	O
recommendations	O
from	O
U.S.	B-LOC
brokers	O
,	O
analysts	O
said	O
.	O

But	O
Scorpion	B-ORG
was	O
raising	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
eyebrows	O
after	O
it	O
issued	O
a	O
release	O
Friday	O
morning	O
saying	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
aware	O
of	O
any	O
developments	O
that	O
could	O
have	O
affected	O
the	O
stock	O
.	O

RESEARCH	O
ALERT	O
-	O
Unitog	B-ORG
Co	I-ORG
upgraded	O
.	O

-	O
Barrington	B-ORG
Research	I-ORG
Associates	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
said	O
Friday	O
it	O
upgraded	O
Unitog	B-ORG
Co	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
near-term	O
outperform	O
from	O
a	O
long-term	O
outperform	O
rating	O
.	O

-	O
Analyst	O
Alexander	B-PER
Paris	I-PER
said	O
he	O
expected	O
consistent	O
20	O
percent	O
earnings	O
growth	O
after	O
an	O
estimated	O
gain	O
of	O
18	O
percent	O
for	O
1996	O
.	O

--	O
Chicago	B-LOC
newsdesk	O
,	O
312-408-8787	O

Buffett	B-PER
raises	O
Property	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
stake	O
.	O

Omaha	B-LOC
billionaire	O
Warren	B-PER
Buffett	I-PER
said	O
Friday	O
he	O
raised	O
his	O
stake	O
in	O
Property	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Trust	I-ORG
to	O
8.0	O
percent	O
from	O
6.7	O
percent	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
filing	O
with	O
the	O
Securities	B-ORG
and	I-ORG
Exchnage	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
,	O
Buffett	B-PER
said	O
he	O
bought	O
62,900	O
additional	O
common	O
shares	O
of	O
the	O
Boston-based	B-MISC
real	O
estate	O
investment	O
trust	O
at	O
prices	O
ranging	O
from	O
$	O
7.65	O
to	O
$	O
8.02	O
a	O
share	O
.	O

Buffett	B-PER
,	O
who	O
is	O
well-known	O
as	O
a	O
long-term	O
investor	O
,	O
is	O
chairman	O
of	O
Berkshire	B-ORG
Hathaway	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
holding	O
company	O
through	O
which	O
he	O
holds	O
investments	O
in	O
several	O
large	O
U.S.	B-LOC
companies	O
.	O

Colombia	B-LOC
,	O
U.S.	B-LOC
reach	O
aviation	O
agreement	O
.	O

The	O
U.S.	B-LOC
and	O
Colombian	B-MISC
governments	O
reached	O
an	O
agreement	O
that	O
will	O
allow	O
AMR	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
's	O
American	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
to	O
operate	O
three	O
round-trip	O
flights	O
between	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
and	O
Bogota	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
Department	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Transportation	I-ORG
said	O
Friday	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
agreement	O
,	O
which	O
followed	O
talks	O
in	O
Miami	B-LOC
this	O
week	O
,	O
AMR	B-ORG
also	O
will	O
be	O
allowed	O
to	O
shift	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
of	O
the	O
weekly	O
flights	O
it	O
now	O
operates	O
between	O
Miami	B-LOC
and	O
Colombia	B-LOC
to	O
its	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
gateway	O
.	O

The	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
also	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
designate	O
one	O
new	O
all-cargo	O
carrier	O
for	O
service	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
nations	O
after	O
two	O
years	O
.	O

Colombia	B-LOC
was	O
permitted	O
to	O
add	O
a	O
single	O
additional	O
round-trip	O
flight	O
to	O
its	O
current	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
service	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
while	O
under	O
Category	O
Two	O
(	O
Conditional	O
)	O
status	O
under	O
the	O
Federal	B-ORG
Aviation	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
's	O
International	B-MISC
Aviation	I-MISC
Safety	I-MISC
program	I-MISC
.	O

Colombia	B-LOC
would	O
be	O
allowed	O
to	O
add	O
new	O
service	O
when	O
its	O
safety	O
assessment	O
has	O
been	O
improved	O
,	O
the	O
department	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
agreement	O
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	O
when	O
Colombia	O
turned	O
down	O
American	B-ORG
's	O
request	O
to	O
operate	O
flights	O
between	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
and	O
Bogota	B-LOC
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
to	O
charge	O
that	O
the	O
Colombians	B-MISC
were	O
breaking	O
a	O
bilateral	O
aviation	O
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
sanctions	O
against	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	B-MISC
airlines	O
,	O
Avianca	B-ORG
and	O
ACES	B-ORG
.	O

Clean	O
tanker	O
fixtures	O
and	O
enquiries	O
-	O
1754	O
GMT	B-MISC
.	O

-	O
MIDEAST	O
GULF	O
/	O
RED	B-LOC
SEA	I-LOC

Konpolis	B-ORG
75	O
1/9	O
Mideast	B-LOC
/	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
W112.5	O
KPC	B-ORG
.	O

TBN	B-ORG
30	O
6/9	O
Mideast	B-LOC
/	O
W.C.	B-LOC
India	I-LOC
W200	O
,	O
E.C.India	B-LOC
W195	O
IOC	B-ORG
.	O

Petrobulk	B-ORG
Rainbow	I-ORG
28	O
24/8	O
Okinawa	O
/	O
Inchon	B-LOC
$	O
190,000	O
Honam	B-ORG
.	O

TBN	B-ORG
30	O
15/9	O
Constanza	B-LOC
/	O
Inia	B-LOC
$	O
700,000	O
IOC	B-ORG
.	O

-	O
UK	B-LOC
/	O
CONT	O

Port	B-ORG
Christine	I-ORG
36,5	O
3/9	O
Pembroke	B-LOC
/	O
US	B-LOC
W145	O
Stentex	B-ORG
.	O

Kpaitan	B-ORG
Stankov	I-ORG
69	O
31/8	O
St	B-LOC
Croix	I-LOC
/	O
USAC	B-LOC
W125	O
Hess	B-ORG
.	O

AP	B-ORG
Moller	I-ORG
30	O
31/8	O
Caribs	B-LOC
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
$	O
875,000	O
BP	B-ORG
.	O

Tiber	B-ORG
29	O
2/9	O
Caribs	B-LOC
/	O
options	O
W265	O
Stinnes	B-ORG
.	O

Tenacity	B-ORG
70	O
24/08	O
Mideast	B-LOC
/	O
South	B-LOC
Korea	I-LOC
W145	O
Samsung	B-ORG
.	O

SKS	B-ORG
Tana	I-ORG
70	O
03/09	O
Mideast	B-LOC
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
W145	O
CNR	B-ORG
.	O

Northsea	B-ORG
Chaser	I-ORG
55	O
12/09	O
Mideast	O
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
W167.5	O
Jomo	B-ORG
.	O

Sibonina	B-ORG
55	O
13/09	O
Red	B-LOC
Sea	I-LOC
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
W160	O
Marubeni	B-ORG
.	O

-	O
ASIA	O
/	O
PACIFIC	B-LOC

Neptune	B-ORG
Crux	I-ORG
30	O
02/09	O
Singapore	B-LOC
/	O
options	O
$	O
185,000	O
Sietco	B-ORG
.	O

World	B-ORG
Bridge	I-ORG
30	O
03/09	O
South	B-LOC
Korea	I-LOC
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
rnr	O
CNR	B-ORG
.	O

Fulmar	O
30	O
28/08	O
Ulsan	B-LOC
/	O
Yosu	O
$	O
105,000	O
LG	B-ORG
Caltex	I-ORG
.	O

Hemina	B-ORG
33	O
05/09	O
Eleusis	B-ORG
/	O
UKCM	B-ORG
W155	O
CNR	B-ORG
.	O

--	O
London	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
,	O
+44	O
171	O
542	O
8980	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
PAKISTAN	B-LOC
229-1	O
V	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
-	O
close	O
.	O

To	O
bat	O
-	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	B-PER
Malik	I-PER
,	O
Asif	B-PER
Mujtaba	I-PER
,	O
Wasim	O
Akram	O
,	O
Moin	B-PER
Khan	I-PER
,	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
,	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
,	O
Mohammad	O
Akam	O

RTRS	B-ORG
-	O
Golf	O
:	O
Norman	B-PER
sacks	O
his	O
coach	O
after	O
disappointing	O
season	O
.	O

World	O
number	O
one	O
golfer	O
Greg	B-PER
Norman	I-PER
has	O
sacked	O
his	O
coach	O
Butch	B-PER
Harmon	I-PER
after	O
a	O
disappointing	O
season	O
.	O

"	O
Butch	B-PER
and	O
I	O
are	O
finished	O
,	O
"	O
Norman	B-PER
told	O
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
before	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
World	B-MISC
Series	I-MISC
of	I-MISC
Golf	I-MISC
in	O
Akron	B-LOC
,	O
Ohio	B-LOC
.	O

Norman	B-PER
,	O
a	O
two-time	O
British	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
champion	O
,	O
parted	O
ways	O
with	O
his	O
long-time	O
mentor	O
after	O
drawing	O
a	O
blank	O
in	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
four	O
majors	O
,	O
winning	O
two	O
tournaments	O
worldwide	O
.	O

The	O
blonde	O
Australian	B-MISC
opened	O
with	O
a	O
level	O
par	O
round	O
of	O
70	O
in	O
Akron	B-LOC
,	O
leaving	O
him	O
four	O
shots	O
adrift	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	O
,	O
Americans	B-MISC
Billy	B-PER
Mayfair	I-PER
and	O
Paul	B-PER
Goydos	I-PER
and	O
Japan	B-LOC
's	O
Hidemichi	B-PER
Tanaki	I-PER
.	O

On	O
Wednesday	O
Norman	B-PER
described	O
this	O
year	O
as	O
his	O
worst	O
on	O
the	O
professional	O
circuit	O
since	O
1991	O
,	O
when	O
he	O
failed	O
to	O
win	O
a	O
tournament	O
.	O

"	O
My	O
application	O
this	O
year	O
has	O
been	O
strange	O
,	O
"	O
Norman	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

Soccer	O
-	O
Arab	B-MISC
team	O
breaks	O
new	O
ground	O
in	O
Israel	B-LOC
.	O

TAIBE	B-LOC
,	O
Israel	O
1996-08-23	O

For	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
Israeli	B-MISC
history	O
,	O
an	O
Arab	B-MISC
team	O
will	O
take	O
the	O
field	O
when	O
the	O
National	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
soccer	O
season	O
starts	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Hapoel	B-ORG
Taibe	I-ORG
fields	O
four	O
Jewish	B-MISC
players	O
and	O
two	O
foreign	O
imports	O
--	O
a	O
Pole	B-MISC
and	O
a	O
Romanian	B-MISC
.	O

The	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
side	O
is	O
made	O
up	O
mainly	O
of	O
Moslem	B-MISC
Arabs	I-MISC
.	O

The	O
club	O
,	O
founded	O
in	O
1961	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
loyal	O
following	O
in	O
Taibe	B-LOC
,	O
an	O
Arab	B-MISC
town	O
of	O
28,000	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
Israel	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
The	O
very	O
first	O
thing	O
we	O
thought	O
about	O
after	O
we	O
knew	O
we	O
would	O
be	O
promoted	O
was	O
the	O
game	O
against	O
Betar	B-ORG
Jerusalem	I-ORG
,	O
"	O
said	O
Taibe	B-ORG
supporter	O
Karem	B-PER
Haj	I-PER
Yihye	I-PER
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
Taibe	B-ORG
,	O
coached	O
by	O
Pole	B-MISC
Wojtek	B-PER
Lazarek	I-PER
,	O
met	O
Betar	B-ORG
,	O
a	O
club	O
closely	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Likud	B-ORG
party	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
a	O
Cup	B-MISC
match	O
in	O
Jerusalem	B-LOC
.	O

Chants	O
from	O
the	O
crowd	O
of	O
"	O
Death	O
to	O
the	O
Arabs	B-MISC
"	O
,	O
and	O
bottle-throwing	O
during	O
the	O
game	O
marred	O
the	O
match	O
which	O
ended	O
in	O
a	O
goalless	O
draw	O
.	O

One	O
Taibe	B-ORG
supporter	O
required	O
hospital	O
treatment	O
for	O
cuts	O
and	O
bruises	O
after	O
a	O
stone	O
struck	O
his	O
head	O
as	O
he	O
was	O
driving	O
from	O
the	O
stadium	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
're	O
used	O
to	O
hearing	O
the	O
taunts	O
of	O
"	O
Death	O
to	O
the	O
Arabs	B-MISC
'	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Sameh	B-PER
Haj	I-PER
Yihye	I-PER
,	O
a	O
Taibe	B-LOC
resident	O
who	O
studies	O
at	O
Jerusalem	B-LOC
's	O
Hebrew	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
.	O
"	O

The	O
dusty	O
town	O
of	O
Taibe	B-LOC
lacks	O
the	O
amenities	O
of	O
Jewish	B-MISC
communities	O
and	O
many	O
Israeli	B-MISC
Arabs	I-MISC
have	O
long	O
complained	O
of	O
state	O
discrimination	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
are	O
no	O
parks	O
or	O
empty	O
areas	O
of	O
land	O
around	O
here	O
,	O
so	O
when	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
play	O
a	O
friendly	O
game	O
of	O
soccer	O
we	O
all	O
load	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
car	O
and	O
travel	O
to	O
Tel	B-LOC
Aviv	I-LOC
,	O
"	O
60	O
km	O
(	O
36	O
miles	O
)	O
away	O
,	O
Sameh	O
Haj	O
Yihye	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
plan	O
to	O
build	O
a	O
10,000-seat	O
stadium	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
may	O
well	O
be	O
situated	O
elsewhere	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
club	O
chairman	O
Abdul	B-PER
Rahman	I-PER
Haj	I-PER
Yihye	I-PER
.	O
"	O

In	O
the	O
meantime	O
,	O
Taibe	B-ORG
will	O
play	O
all	O
their	O
heavily	O
policed	O
home	O
matches	O
at	O
the	O
Jewish	B-MISC
coastal	O
town	O
of	O
Netanya	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
Israelis	B-MISC
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
question	O
about	O
that	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Karem	B-PER
Haj	I-PER
Yihye	I-PER
,	O
a	O
hotel	O
waiter	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
any	O
connection	O
with	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-MISC
,	O
they	O
live	O
over	O
there	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
pointing	O
to	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
seven	O
km	O
(	O
four	O
miles	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
east	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
our	O
club	O
represents	O
Palestinian	O
Arabs	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
club	O
chairman	O
Abdul	B-PER
Rahman	I-PER
.	O
"	O

We	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
do	O
all	O
we	O
can	O
to	O
run	O
a	O
professional	O
outfit	O
,	O
we	O
are	O
pleased	O
at	O
any	O
support	O
we	O
get	O
,	O
but	O
do	O
not	O
go	O
out	O
looking	O
to	O
represent	O
the	O
whole	O
Arab	B-MISC
world	O
.	O
"	O

Soccer	O
-	O
Kennedy	B-PER
and	O
Phelan	B-PER
both	O
out	O
of	O
Irish	B-MISC
squad	O
.	O

Two	O
players	O
have	O
withdrawn	O
from	O
the	O
Republic	B-LOC
of	I-LOC
Ireland	I-LOC
squad	O
for	O
the	O
1998	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
qualifying	O
match	O
against	O
Liechenstein	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
31	O
,	O
the	O
Football	B-ORG
Association	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Ireland	I-ORG
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
F.A.I.	B-ORG
statement	O
said	O
that	O
Liverpool	B-ORG
striker	O
Mark	B-PER
Kennedy	I-PER
and	O
Chelsea	B-ORG
defender	O
Terry	B-PER
Phelan	I-PER
were	O
both	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
for	O
injuries	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
travelling	O
to	O
Liechenstein	B-LOC
for	O
the	O
game	O
.	O

--	O
Damien	B-PER
Lynch	I-PER
,	O
Dublin	O
Newsroom	O
+353	O
1	O
6603377	O

Soccer	O
-	O
Manchester	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
face	O
Juventus	B-ORG
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O

European	B-MISC
champions	O
Juventus	B-ORG
will	O
face	O
English	B-MISC
league	O
and	O
cup	O
double	O
winners	O
Manchester	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
in	O
this	O
season	O
's	O
European	B-MISC
Champions	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
League	I-MISC
.	O

The	O
draw	O
made	O
on	O
Friday	O
pitted	O
Juventus	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
beat	O
Dutch	B-MISC
champions	O
Ajax	B-ORG
Amsterdam	I-ORG
4-2	O
on	O
penalties	O
in	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
,	O
against	O
Alex	B-PER
Ferguson	I-PER
's	O
European	B-MISC
hopefuls	O
in	O
group	O
C	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
two	O
teams	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
are	O
last	O
season	O
's	O
Cup	B-MISC
Winners	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
runners-up	O
Rapid	B-ORG
Vienna	I-ORG
and	O
Fenerbahce	B-ORG
of	O
Turkey	B-LOC
.	O

Juventus	B-ORG
meet	O
United	B-ORG
in	O
Turin	B-LOC
on	O
September	O
11	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
return	O
match	O
at	O
Old	B-LOC
Trafford	I-LOC
on	O
November	O
20	O
.	O

United	B-ORG
have	O
dominated	O
the	O
premier	O
league	O
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	B-MISC
championships	O
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
,	O
crashing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
to	O
Galatasaray	B-ORG
of	O
Turkey	B-LOC
and	O
Spain	B-LOC
's	O
Barcelona	B-ORG
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	O
attempts	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
not	O
lifted	O
a	O
European	B-MISC
Trophy	I-MISC
since	O
1991	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Barcelona	B-ORG
in	O
the	O
Cup	B-MISC
Winners	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
final	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
one	O
and	O
only	O
European	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
triumph	O
was	O
way	O
back	O
in	O
1968	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Benfica	B-ORG
of	O
Portugal	B-LOC
4-1	O
at	O
Wembley	B-LOC
.	O

Juventus	B-ORG
have	O
won	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
twice	O
.	O

Before	O
conquering	O
Ajax	B-ORG
last	O
year	O
they	O
beat	O
United	B-ORG
's	O
big	O
English	B-MISC
rivals	O
Liverpool	B-ORG
in	O
the	O
ill-fated	O
1985	O
final	O
in	O
the	O
Heysel	B-LOC
stadium	O
in	O
Brussels	B-LOC
.	O

Nigeria	B-LOC
police	O
kill	O
six	O
robbery	O
suspects	O
.	O

Nigerian	B-MISC
police	O
shot	O
dead	O
six	O
robbery	O
suspects	O
as	O
they	O
tried	O
to	O
escape	O
from	O
custody	O
in	O
the	O
northern	O
city	O
of	O
Sokoto	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
national	O
news	O
agency	O
reported	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
News	B-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Nigeria	I-ORG
(	O
NAN	B-ORG
)	O
quoted	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Umar	B-PER
Shelling	I-PER
as	O
saying	O
the	O
six	O
were	O
killed	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Rwandan	B-MISC
group	O
says	O
expulsion	O
could	O
be	O
imminent	O
.	O

Repatriation	O
of	O
1.1	O
million	O
Rwandan	B-MISC
Hutu	I-MISC
refugees	O
announced	O
by	O
Zaire	B-LOC
and	O
Rwanda	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
could	O
start	O
within	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
an	O
exiled	O
Rwandan	B-MISC
Hutu	I-MISC
lobby	O
group	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Innocent	B-PER
Butare	I-PER
,	O
executive	O
secretary	O
of	O
the	O
Rally	B-ORG
for	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Return	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Refugees	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Democracy	I-ORG
in	I-ORG
Rwanda	I-ORG
(	O
RDR	B-ORG
)	O
which	O
says	O
it	O
has	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
Rwanda	B-LOC
's	O
exiled	O
Hutus	B-MISC
,	O
appealed	O
to	O
the	O
international	O
community	O
to	O
deter	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
from	O
going	O
ahead	O
with	O
what	O
it	O
termed	O
a	O
"	O
forced	O
and	O
inhuman	O
action	O
"	O
.	O

Orthodox	O
church	O
blown	O
up	O
in	O
southern	O
Croatia	B-LOC
.	O

Saboteurs	O
blew	O
up	O
a	O
Serb	B-MISC
orthodox	O
church	O
in	O
southern	O
Croatia	B-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
blast	O
which	O
also	O
damaged	O
four	O
nearby	O
homes	O
,	O
the	O
state	O
news	O
agency	O
Hina	B-ORG
reported	O
.	O

HINA	B-ORG
said	O
the	O
church	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
village	O
of	O
Karin	B-LOC
Gornji	I-LOC
,	O
30	O
km	O
(	O
19	O
miles	O
)	O
north	O
of	O
Zadar	B-LOC
,	O
was	O
destroyed	O
by	O
the	O
morning	O
attack	O
.	O

Zadar	B-LOC
police	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
they	O
had	O
launched	O
an	O
investigation	O
and	O
were	O
doing	O
their	O
best	O
to	O
find	O
the	O
perpetrators	O
.	O

HINA	B-ORG
said	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
an	O
orthodox	O
church	O
had	O
been	O
blown	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
Zadar	B-LOC
hinterland	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
Serbs	B-MISC
lived	O
before	O
the	O
1991	O
war	O
over	O
Croatia	B-LOC
's	O
independence	O
from	O
the	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
federation	O
.	O

The	O
area	O
was	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
self-styled	O
state	O
of	O
Krajina	B-LOC
proclaimed	O
by	O
minority	O
Serbs	B-MISC
in	O
1991	O
and	O
recaptured	O
by	O
the	O
Croatian	B-MISC
army	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Up	O
to	O
200,000	O
Serbs	B-MISC
fled	O
to	O
Bosnia	B-LOC
and	O
Yugoslavia	B-LOC
,	O
leaving	O
Krajina	B-LOC
vacant	O
and	O
depopulated	O
.	O

Hungary	B-LOC
's	O
gross	O
foreign	O
debt	O
rises	O
in	O
June	O
.	O

Hungary	B-LOC
's	O
gross	O
foreign	O
debt	O
rose	O
to	O
$	O
27.53	O
billion	O
in	O
June	O
from	O
$	O
27.25	O
billion	O
in	O
May	O
,	O
the	O

National	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Hungary	I-ORG
(	O
NBH	B-ORG
)	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

government	O
and	O
NBH	B-ORG
9,510.9	O
10,056.4	O

Germany	B-LOC
,	O
Poland	B-LOC
tighten	O
cooperation	O
against	O
crime	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
and	O
Poland	B-LOC
agreed	O
on	O
Friday	O
to	O
tighten	O
cooperation	O
between	O
their	O
intelligence	O
services	O
in	O
fighting	O
international	O
organised	O
crime	O
,	O
PAP	B-ORG
news	O
agency	O
reported	O
.	O

Interior	B-ORG
Minister	O
Zbigniew	B-PER
Siemiatkowski	I-PER
and	O
Bernd	B-PER
Schmidbauer	I-PER
,	O
German	B-MISC
intelligence	O
co-ordinator	O
in	O
Helmut	B-PER
Kohl	I-PER
's	O
chancellery	O
,	O
sealed	O
the	O
closer	O
links	O
during	O
talks	O
in	O
Warsaw	B-LOC
.	O

Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Ryszard	B-PER
Hincza	I-PER
told	O
the	O
Polish	B-MISC
agency	O
the	O
services	O
would	O
work	O
together	O
against	O
mafia-style	O
groups	O
,	O
drug	O
smuggling	O
and	O
illegal	O
trade	O
in	O
arms	O
and	O
radioactive	O
materials	O
.	O

Russians	B-MISC
,	O
Chechens	B-MISC
say	O
observing	O
Grozny	B-LOC
ceasefire	O
.	O

Rebel	O
fighters	O
and	O
Russian	B-MISC
soldiers	O
said	O
a	O
ceasefire	O
effective	O
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
was	O
being	O
generally	O
observed	O
,	O
although	O
scattered	O
gunfire	O
echoed	O
through	O
the	O
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	O
Grozny	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
Russian	B-MISC
army	O
said	O
earlier	O
it	O
was	O
preparing	O
to	O
withdraw	O
from	O
the	O
rebel-dominated	O
southern	O
mountains	O
of	O
the	O
region	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
peace	O
deal	O
reached	O
with	O
separatists	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
has	O
been	O
some	O
shooting	O
from	O
their	O
side	O
but	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
relatively	O
quiet	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
fighter	O
Aslan	B-PER
Shabazov	I-PER
,	O
a	O
bearded	O
man	O
wearing	O
a	O
white	O
t-shirt	O
and	O
camoflage	O
trousers	O
.	O

Soon	O
after	O
he	O
spoke	O
another	O
burst	O
of	O
gunfire	O
rocked	O
the	O
courtyard	O
where	O
the	O
rebels	O
had	O
set	O
up	O
their	O
base	O
and	O
a	O
captured	O
Russian	B-MISC
T-72	B-MISC
tank	O
roared	O
out	O
to	O
investigate	O
.	O

The	O
separatists	O
,	O
who	O
swept	O
into	O
Grozny	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
6	O
,	O
still	O
control	O
large	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
centre	O
of	O
town	O
,	O
and	O
Russian	B-MISC
soldiers	O
are	O
based	O
at	O
checkpoints	O
on	O
the	O
approach	O
roads	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
ceasefire	O
is	O
being	O
observed	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
woman	O
soldier	O
Svetlana	B-PER
Goncharova	I-PER
,	O
35	O
,	O
short	O
dark	O
hair	O
poking	O
out	O
from	O
under	O
a	O
peaked	O
camouflage	O
cap	O
.	O

The	O
truce	O
,	O
the	O
latest	O
of	O
several	O
,	O
was	O
agreed	O
in	O
talks	O
on	O
Thursday	O
between	O
Russian	B-MISC
peacemaker	O
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
and	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	B-PER
Maskhadov	I-PER
.	O

The	O
two	O
also	O
agreed	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
joint	O
patrols	O
in	O
Grozny	B-LOC
,	O
but	O
Goncharova	B-PER
said	O
she	O
was	O
sceptical	O
about	O
whether	O
this	O
could	O
work	O
.	O

WEATHER	O
-	O
Conditions	O
at	O
CIS	B-LOC
airports	O
-	O
August	O
23	O
.	O

No	O
closures	O
of	O
airports	O
in	O
the	O
Commonwealth	B-LOC
of	I-LOC
Independent	I-LOC
States	I-LOC
are	O
expected	O
on	O
August	O
24	O
and	O
August	O
25	O
,	O
the	O
Russian	B-ORG
Weather	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

--	O
Moscow	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+7095	O
941	O
8520	O

Granic	B-PER
arrives	O
to	O
sign	O
Croatia-Yugoslavia	B-LOC
treaty	O
.	O

Yugoslavia	B-LOC
and	O
Croatia	B-LOC
were	O
poised	O
on	O
Friday	O
to	O
sign	O
a	O
landmark	O
normalisation	O
treaty	O
ending	O
five	O
years	O
of	O
tensions	O
and	O
paving	O
way	O
for	O
stabilisation	O
in	O
the	O
Balkans	B-LOC
.	O

Croatian	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Mate	B-PER
Granic	I-PER
landed	O
at	O
Belgrade	B-LOC
airport	O
aboard	O
a	O
Croatian	B-MISC
government	O
jet	O
on	O
Friday	O
morning	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
his	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
counterparts	O
and	O
a	O
signing	O
ceremony	O
expected	O
around	O
noon	O
(	O
1000	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
.	O

On	O
Thursday	O
the	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
government	O
endorsed	O
the	O
text	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
on	O
normalising	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
,	O
the	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
news	O
agency	O
Tanjug	B-ORG
said	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
government	O
assessed	O
the	O
agreement	O
as	O
a	O
crucial	O
step	O
to	O
resolving	O
the	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
crisis	O
,	O
ensuring	O
the	O
restoration	O
of	O
peace	O
in	O
former	O
Yugoslavia	B-LOC
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
pact	O
ends	O
five	O
years	O
of	O
hostility	O
after	O
Croatia	B-LOC
's	O
secession	O
from	O
federal	O
Yugoslavia	B-LOC
.	O

Western	B-MISC
powers	O
regard	O
diplomatic	O
normalisation	O
between	O
Croatia	B-LOC
and	O
Serbia	B-LOC
,	O
twin	O
pillars	O
of	O
the	O
old	O
multinational	O
federal	O
Yugoslavia	B-LOC
,	O
as	O
a	O
crucial	O
step	O
towards	O
a	O
lasting	O
peace	O
in	O
the	O
Balkans	B-LOC
.	O

Ecuador	B-LOC
president	O
to	O
lunch	O
with	O
ethnic	O
Indians	B-MISC
.	O

QUITO	B-LOC
,	O
Ecuador	B-LOC
1996-08-23	O

Ecuador	B-LOC
's	O
President	O
Abdala	B-PER
Bucaram	I-PER
has	O
announced	O
he	O
will	O
hold	O
regular	O
lunches	O
in	O
his	O
presidential	O
palace	O
for	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
different	O
ethnic	O
groups	O
as	O
of	O
next	O
week	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
was	O
about	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
Indians	B-MISC
,	O
the	O
blacks	O
and	O
the	O
mixed-bloods	O
to	O
begin	O
eating	O
in	O
the	O
palace	O
with	O
their	O
president	O
because	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
palace	O
exclusively	O
for	O
the	O
potentates	O
and	O
ambassadors	O
and	O
protocol	O
,	O
"	O
Bucaram	B-PER
said	O
late	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
In	O
these	O
weekly	O
lunches	O
we	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
get	O
to	O
know	O
the	O
problems	O
of	O
the	O
Indian	B-MISC
,	O
mixed-race	O
,	O
black	O
and	O
peasant	O
sectors	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

He	O
has	O
invited	O
35	O
Indian	B-MISC
leaders	O
to	O
lunch	O
next	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

Bucaram	B-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
elected	O
on	O
a	O
populist	O
platform	O
last	O
month	O
,	O
also	O
plans	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
ministry	O
for	O
ethnic	O
cultures	O
.	O

The	O
Andean	B-MISC
nation	O
's	O
population	O
of	O
11.4	O
million	O
is	O
47	O
percent	O
indigenous	O
.	O

Brazil	B-LOC
to	O
use	O
hovercrafts	O
for	O
Amazon	B-LOC
travel	O
.	O

Hovercrafts	O
will	O
soon	O
be	O
plying	O
the	O
waters	O
of	O
the	O
Amazon	B-LOC
in	O
a	O
bid	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
difficulties	O
of	O
transportation	O
on	O
the	O
vast	O
Brazilian	B-MISC
waterway	O
,	O
the	O
government	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Two	O
Russian-built	B-MISC
hovercrafts	O
,	O
capable	O
of	O
carrying	O
up	O
to	O
50	O
tons	O
each	O
,	O
will	O
begin	O
ferrying	O
passengers	O
and	O
cargo	O
up	O
and	O
down	O
the	O
huge	O
river	O
from	O
its	O
mouth	O
at	O
Belem	B-LOC
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
Brazil	B-LOC
's	O
Amazon	B-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

The	O
use	O
of	O
riverways	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
has	O
been	O
made	O
a	O
priority	O
under	O
a	O
government	O
plan	O
for	O
the	O
Amazon	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
high-speed	O
hovercraft	O
will	O
help	O
reduce	O
the	O
time	O
involved	O
in	O
travelling	O
often	O
massive	O
distances	O
,	O
it	O
said	O
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/CONLL/trigger_20.txt
================================================
EU	B-ORG
rejects	T-3
German	T-0
call	T-4
to	O
boycott	T-1
British	T-2
lamb	T-2
.	O

EU	T-5
rejects	T-4
German	B-MISC
call	T-1
to	O
boycott	T-2
British	T-3
lamb	T-3
.	O

EU	O
rejects	O
German	O
call	T-0
to	O
boycott	T-1
British	B-MISC
lamb	T-2
.	O

The	O
European	B-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
said	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
disagreed	T-4
with	O
German	T-0
advice	O
to	O
consumers	O
to	O
shun	O
British	T-1
lamb	T-1
until	O
scientists	O
determine	O
whether	O
mad	T-2
cow	T-2
disease	T-2
can	O
be	O
transmitted	O
to	O
sheep	O
.	O

The	O
European	T-0
Commission	T-0
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
disagreed	T-3
with	T-3
German	B-MISC
advice	T-4
to	O
consumers	O
to	O
shun	O
British	T-1
lamb	T-1
until	O
scientists	T-5
determine	O
whether	O
mad	O
cow	T-2
disease	T-2
can	O
be	O
transmitted	O
to	O
sheep	O
.	O

The	O
European	O
Commission	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
disagreed	O
with	O
German	O
advice	O
to	O
consumers	O
to	T-1
shun	T-1
British	B-MISC
lamb	O
until	O
scientists	O
determine	T-2
whether	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
can	O
be	O
transmitted	O
to	O
sheep	T-0
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
's	O
representative	O
to	O
the	O
European	T-3
Union	O
's	O
veterinary	O
committee	O
Werner	O
Zwingmann	O
said	T-0
on	O
Wednesday	O
consumers	O
should	O
buy	O
sheepmeat	T-1
from	O
countries	O
other	O
than	O
Britain	T-2
until	O
the	O
scientific	O
advice	O
was	O
clearer	O
.	O

Germany	O
's	O
representative	O
to	T-0
the	T-0
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
's	T-4
veterinary	T-4
committee	T-4
Werner	O
Zwingmann	O
said	T-1
on	O
Wednesday	O
consumers	O
should	O
buy	O
sheepmeat	T-2
from	O
countries	O
other	O
than	O
Britain	T-3
until	O
the	O
scientific	O
advice	O
was	O
clearer	O
.	O

Germany	T-1
's	O
representative	T-2
to	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
's	O
veterinary	T-0
committee	O
Werner	B-PER
Zwingmann	I-PER
said	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
consumers	O
should	O
buy	O
sheepmeat	O
from	O
countries	O
other	O
than	O
Britain	O
until	O
the	O
scientific	O
advice	O
was	O
clearer	O
.	O

Germany	T-0
's	O
representative	O
to	O
the	O
European	T-1
Union	T-1
's	O
veterinary	O
committee	O
Werner	T-3
Zwingmann	T-3
said	T-4
on	O
Wednesday	O
consumers	O
should	O
buy	O
sheepmeat	T-2
from	O
countries	O
other	O
than	O
Britain	B-LOC
until	O
the	O
scientific	T-5
advice	T-5
was	T-5
clearer	T-5
.	O

"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
support	O
any	O
such	O
recommendation	O
because	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
any	O
grounds	O
for	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
Commission	B-ORG
's	O
chief	O
spokesman	T-1
Nikolaus	T-0
van	O
der	O
Pas	O
told	T-2
a	O
news	O
briefing	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
support	T-0
any	O
such	O
recommendation	T-1
because	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
any	O
grounds	O
for	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
Commission	O
's	O
chief	T-2
spokesman	T-2
Nikolaus	B-PER
van	I-PER
der	I-PER
Pas	I-PER
told	T-3
a	O
news	O
briefing	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
further	O
scientific	O
study	O
was	O
required	T-1
and	O
if	O
it	O
was	O
found	O
that	O
action	T-0
was	O
needed	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
taken	T-2
by	T-2
the	T-2
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
.	O

He	O
said	T-3
a	O
proposal	T-1
last	O
month	O
by	O
EU	B-ORG
Farm	T-0
Commissioner	T-0
Franz	T-0
Fischler	T-0
to	O
ban	T-2
sheep	T-2
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
food	O
chains	O
was	O
a	O
highly	O
specific	O
and	O
precautionary	O
move	O
to	O
protect	O
human	O
health	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
a	O
proposal	T-1
last	O
month	O
by	O
EU	O
Farm	O
Commissioner	T-0
Franz	B-PER
Fischler	I-PER
to	O
ban	T-3
sheep	O
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
food	O
chains	O
was	O
a	O
highly	T-2
specific	O
and	O
precautionary	O
move	O
to	O
protect	O
human	O
health	O
.	O

Fischler	B-PER
proposed	T-0
EU-wide	T-3
measures	O
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	O
and	O
France	O
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	T-2
(	O
BSE	O
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	T-1
.	O

Fischler	T-0
proposed	T-1
EU-wide	B-MISC
measures	T-2
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	O
and	O
France	O
that	O
under	O
laboratory	T-3
conditions	T-3
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	O
)	O
--	O
mad	T-4
cow	T-4
disease	T-4
.	O

Fischler	O
proposed	O
EU-wide	O
measures	O
after	O
reports	T-1
from	O
Britain	B-LOC
and	O
France	T-2
that	O
under	O
laboratory	T-0
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	O
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

Fischler	O
proposed	O
EU-wide	O
measures	T-2
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	T-0
and	O
France	B-LOC
that	O
under	O
laboratory	T-1
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	O
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	T-3
disease	T-3
.	O

Fischler	T-0
proposed	T-0
EU-wide	O
measures	O
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	T-1
and	T-1
France	T-1
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	T-2
sheep	T-2
could	T-4
contract	T-4
Bovine	B-MISC
Spongiform	I-MISC
Encephalopathy	I-MISC
(	T-3
BSE	T-3
)	T-3
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

Fischler	T-0
proposed	T-1
EU-wide	T-3
measures	T-3
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	O
and	O
France	O
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	B-MISC
)	O
--	O
mad	T-2
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

But	O
Fischler	B-PER
agreed	T-1
to	O
review	O
his	O
proposal	T-0
after	O
the	O
EU	O
's	O
standing	O
veterinary	O
committee	O
,	O
mational	O
animal	O
health	O
officials	O
,	O
questioned	O
if	O
such	O
action	O
was	O
justified	T-2
as	O
there	O
was	O
only	O
a	O
slight	O
risk	O
to	O
human	O
health	O
.	O

But	O
Fischler	T-1
agreed	O
to	O
review	O
his	O
proposal	T-2
after	O
the	O
EU	B-ORG
's	O
standing	O
veterinary	T-3
committee	T-3
,	O
mational	O
animal	O
health	O
officials	O
,	O
questioned	O
if	O
such	O
action	O
was	O
justified	O
as	O
there	O
was	O
only	O
a	O
slight	O
risk	O
to	O
human	O
health	O
.	O

Spanish	B-MISC
Farm	O
Minister	O
Loyola	T-0
de	T-0
Palacio	T-0
had	O
earlier	O
accused	O
Fischler	T-1
at	O
an	O
EU	O
farm	O
ministers	O
'	O
meeting	O
of	O
causing	O
unjustified	O
alarm	O
through	O
"	O
dangerous	O
generalisation	O
.	O
"	O

Spanish	T-0
Farm	T-0
Minister	T-1
Loyola	B-PER
de	I-PER
Palacio	I-PER
had	O
earlier	O
accused	O
Fischler	O
at	O
an	O
EU	O
farm	O
ministers	O
'	O
meeting	O
of	O
causing	O
unjustified	O
alarm	O
through	O
"	O
dangerous	O
generalisation	O
.	O
"	O

Spanish	T-1
Farm	T-1
Minister	T-1
Loyola	T-1
de	T-1
Palacio	T-1
had	T-0
earlier	T-0
accused	T-2
Fischler	B-PER
at	O
an	O
EU	T-3
farm	T-3
ministers	T-3
'	O
meeting	O
of	O
causing	O
unjustified	O
alarm	O
through	O
"	O
dangerous	O
generalisation	O
.	O
"	O

Spanish	O
Farm	O
Minister	O
Loyola	O
de	O
Palacio	O
had	O
earlier	O
accused	T-0
Fischler	O
at	O
an	O
EU	B-ORG
farm	O
ministers	O
'	O
meeting	O
of	O
causing	O
unjustified	T-1
alarm	T-1
through	O
"	O
dangerous	O
generalisation	O
.	O
"	O

Only	O
France	B-LOC
and	O
Britain	T-0
backed	T-1
Fischler	T-2
's	T-2
proposal	T-2
.	T-2

Only	O
France	T-0
and	O
Britain	B-LOC
backed	T-1
Fischler	T-1
's	T-1
proposal	T-1
.	T-1

Only	O
France	T-1
and	O
Britain	O
backed	T-0
Fischler	B-PER
's	O
proposal	T-2
.	O

The	T-1
EU	B-ORG
's	O
scientific	O
veterinary	T-2
and	O
multidisciplinary	T-0
committees	T-0
are	O
due	O
to	O
re-examine	O
the	O
issue	O
early	O
next	O
month	O
and	O
make	O
recommendations	T-4
to	O
the	O
senior	O
veterinary	T-3
officials	O
.	O

Sheep	O
have	O
long	O
been	O
known	O
to	O
contract	O
scrapie	O
,	O
a	O
brain-wasting	O
disease	T-0
similar	T-1
to	T-1
BSE	B-MISC
which	O
is	O
believed	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
transferred	O
to	O
cattle	O
through	O
feed	O
containing	O
animal	O
waste	O
.	O

British	B-MISC
farmers	O
denied	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
there	O
was	O
any	O
danger	T-2
to	O
human	O
health	T-4
from	O
their	O
sheep	O
,	O
but	O
expressed	O
concern	T-1
that	O
German	O
government	O
advice	T-3
to	O
consumers	O
to	O
avoid	T-5
British	O
lamb	O
might	O
influence	T-6
consumers	O
across	O
Europe	O
.	O

British	O
farmers	O
denied	O
on	O
Thursday	O
there	O
was	O
any	O
danger	O
to	O
human	O
health	O
from	O
their	O
sheep	O
,	O
but	T-0
expressed	T-0
concern	T-0
that	T-0
German	B-MISC
government	O
advice	T-1
to	O
consumers	O
to	O
avoid	O
British	O
lamb	O
might	O
influence	O
consumers	O
across	O
Europe	O
.	O

British	O
farmers	T-1
denied	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
there	O
was	O
any	O
danger	O
to	O
human	O
health	T-3
from	O
their	O
sheep	O
,	O
but	O
expressed	O
concern	T-4
that	O
German	O
government	O
advice	O
to	O
consumers	O
to	O
avoid	T-0
British	B-MISC
lamb	O
might	O
influence	O
consumers	O
across	O
Europe	O
.	O

British	O
farmers	T-0
denied	O
on	O
Thursday	O
there	O
was	O
any	O
danger	O
to	O
human	O
health	T-1
from	O
their	O
sheep	O
,	O
but	O
expressed	O
concern	O
that	O
German	O
government	O
advice	O
to	O
consumers	O
to	O
avoid	O
British	O
lamb	T-2
might	O
influence	O
consumers	O
across	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
What	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
extremely	O
careful	O
of	O
is	O
how	O
other	O
countries	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
take	T-0
Germany	B-LOC
's	O
lead	O
,	O
"	O
Welsh	O
National	O
Farmers	O
'	O
Union	O
(	O
NFU	O
)	O
chairman	O
John	O
Lloyd	O
Jones	O
said	O
on	O
BBC	O
radio	O
.	O

"	O
What	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
extremely	O
careful	O
of	O
is	O
how	O
other	O
countries	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
take	O
Germany	T-1
's	O
lead	T-0
,	O
"	O
Welsh	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Farmers	I-ORG
'	I-ORG
Union	I-ORG
(	O
NFU	O
)	O
chairman	O
John	O
Lloyd	O
Jones	O
said	T-2
on	O
BBC	O
radio	O
.	O

"	O
What	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
extremely	O
careful	O
of	O
is	O
how	O
other	O
countries	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
take	O
Germany	O
's	O
lead	O
,	O
"	O
Welsh	T-0
National	T-0
Farmers	T-0
'	O
Union	O
(	O
NFU	B-ORG
)	O
chairman	T-1
John	O
Lloyd	O
Jones	O
said	T-2
on	O
BBC	O
radio	O
.	O

"	O
What	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
extremely	O
careful	O
of	O
is	O
how	O
other	O
countries	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
take	O
Germany	T-1
's	O
lead	O
,	O
"	O
Welsh	O
National	O
Farmers	O
'	O
Union	O
(	O
NFU	O
)	O
chairman	T-2
John	B-PER
Lloyd	I-PER
Jones	I-PER
said	T-0
on	O
BBC	O
radio	O
.	O

"	O
What	O
we	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
extremely	O
careful	O
of	O
is	O
how	O
other	O
countries	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
take	O
Germany	O
's	O
lead	T-0
,	O
"	O
Welsh	T-1
National	T-1
Farmers	T-1
'	O
Union	O
(	O
NFU	O
)	O
chairman	T-2
John	O
Lloyd	O
Jones	O
said	T-3
on	O
BBC	B-ORG
radio	I-ORG
.	T-0

Bonn	B-LOC
has	O
led	T-0
efforts	T-0
to	O
protect	O
public	O
health	O
after	O
consumer	O
confidence	O
collapsed	O
in	O
March	O
after	O
a	O
British	O
report	O
suggested	O
humans	O
could	O
contract	O
an	O
illness	O
similar	O
to	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
by	O
eating	O
contaminated	O
beef	O
.	O

Bonn	O
has	O
led	O
efforts	O
to	O
protect	O
public	T-0
health	T-0
after	O
consumer	T-3
confidence	O
collapsed	O
in	O
March	O
after	O
a	O
British	B-MISC
report	T-1
suggested	O
humans	T-2
could	O
contract	O
an	O
illness	O
similar	O
to	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	T-4
by	O
eating	T-5
contaminated	O
beef	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
imported	O
47,600	O
sheep	T-0
from	O
Britain	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
nearly	O
half	O
of	O
total	O
imports	O
.	O

Germany	T-1
imported	T-0
47,600	O
sheep	O
from	O
Britain	B-LOC
last	O
year	O
,	O
nearly	O
half	O
of	O
total	O
imports	O
.	O

It	O
brought	O
in	O
4,275	O
tonnes	T-0
of	T-0
British	B-MISC
mutton	T-1
,	O
some	O
10	O
percent	O
of	O
overall	O
imports	O
.	O

Rare	O
Hendrix	B-PER
song	O
draft	T-1
sells	O
for	O
almost	T-0
$	O
17,000	O
.	O

A	O
rare	O
early	O
handwritten	T-1
draft	T-1
of	O
a	O
song	O
by	O
U.S.	B-LOC
guitar	O
legend	O
Jimi	T-0
Hendrix	T-0
was	O
sold	O
for	O
almost	O
$	O
17,000	O
on	O
Thursday	O
at	O
an	O
auction	O
of	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
late	O
musician	O
's	O
favourite	O
possessions	O
.	O

A	O
rare	O
early	O
handwritten	T-0
draft	O
of	O
a	O
song	O
by	O
U.S.	T-1
guitar	T-1
legend	O
Jimi	B-PER
Hendrix	I-PER
was	O
sold	O
for	O
almost	O
$	O
17,000	O
on	O
Thursday	O
at	O
an	O
auction	O
of	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
late	O
musician	O
's	O
favourite	O
possessions	O
.	O

A	T-2
Florida	B-LOC
restaurant	T-0
paid	O
10,925	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
16,935	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
draft	O
of	O
"	O
Ai	O
n't	O
no	O
telling	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
Hendrix	O
penned	O
on	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
London	T-1
hotel	T-1
stationery	O
in	O
late	O
1966	O
.	O

A	O
Florida	O
restaurant	T-0
paid	O
10,925	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
16,935	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
draft	T-1
of	T-1
"	O
Ai	B-MISC
n't	I-MISC
no	I-MISC
telling	I-MISC
"	O
,	O
which	O
Hendrix	O
penned	T-2
on	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
London	O
hotel	O
stationery	O
in	O
late	O
1966	O
.	O

A	O
Florida	T-0
restaurant	O
paid	O
10,925	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
16,935	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
draft	O
of	O
"	O
Ai	O
n't	O
no	O
telling	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
Hendrix	B-PER
penned	O
on	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
London	T-1
hotel	O
stationery	O
in	O
late	O
1966	O
.	O

A	O
Florida	O
restaurant	T-0
paid	T-1
10,925	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
16,935	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
draft	O
of	O
"	O
Ai	O
n't	O
no	O
telling	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
Hendrix	O
penned	O
on	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
London	B-LOC
hotel	O
stationery	O
in	O
late	O
1966	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
a	O
January	O
1967	O
concert	T-0
in	O
the	O
English	B-MISC
city	T-1
of	T-1
Nottingham	T-1
he	O
threw	O
the	O
sheet	O
of	O
paper	O
into	O
the	O
audience	O
,	O
where	O
it	O
was	O
retrieved	O
by	O
a	O
fan	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
a	O
January	O
1967	O
concert	O
in	O
the	O
English	T-0
city	T-0
of	O
Nottingham	B-LOC
he	O
threw	T-1
the	O
sheet	O
of	O
paper	O
into	O
the	O
audience	O
,	O
where	O
it	O
was	O
retrieved	O
by	O
a	O
fan	O
.	O

Buyers	O
also	O
snapped	O
up	O
16	O
other	O
items	O
that	O
were	O
put	O
up	O
for	O
auction	T-2
by	T-2
Hendrix	B-PER
's	O
former	O
girlfriend	T-0
Kathy	O
Etchingham	O
,	O
who	O
lived	O
with	O
him	T-1
from	O
1966	O
to	O
1969	O
.	O

Buyers	O
also	O
snapped	T-0
up	O
16	O
other	O
items	O
that	O
were	O
put	O
up	O
for	O
auction	O
by	O
Hendrix	O
's	O
former	O
girlfriend	T-1
Kathy	B-PER
Etchingham	I-PER
,	O
who	T-2
lived	O
with	O
him	O
from	O
1966	O
to	O
1969	O
.	O

They	O
included	O
a	O
black	T-0
lacquer	T-2
and	O
mother	O
of	O
pearl	O
inlaid	O
box	O
used	O
by	O
Hendrix	B-PER
to	O
store	T-1
his	O
drugs	O
,	O
which	O
an	O
anonymous	O
Australian	O
purchaser	O
bought	O
for	O
5,060	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
7,845	O
)	O
.	O

They	O
included	O
a	O
black	T-0
lacquer	T-0
and	O
mother	O
of	O
pearl	O
inlaid	O
box	O
used	O
by	O
Hendrix	T-1
to	O
store	O
his	O
drugs	O
,	O
which	O
an	O
anonymous	T-2
Australian	B-MISC
purchaser	T-3
bought	O
for	O
5,060	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
7,845	O
)	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
says	T-0
Taiwan	T-1
spoils	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
talks	T-2
.	O

China	O
says	T-1
Taiwan	B-LOC
spoils	T-0
atmosphere	O
for	O
talks	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
accused	T-0
Taipei	O
of	O
spoiling	O
the	O
atmosphere	T-1
for	O
a	O
resumption	O
of	O
talks	O
across	O
the	O
Taiwan	O
Strait	O
with	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	O
by	O
Taiwanese	O
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	O
Chan	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
infuriated	O
Beijing	O
.	O

China	O
on	O
Thursday	O
accused	T-3
Taipei	B-LOC
of	T-4
spoiling	T-4
the	T-4
atmosphere	T-4
for	O
a	O
resumption	O
of	O
talks	O
across	O
the	O
Taiwan	T-0
Strait	O
with	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	T-1
by	O
Taiwanese	O
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	O
Chan	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
infuriated	O
Beijing	T-2
.	O

China	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
accused	O
Taipei	T-0
of	O
spoiling	O
the	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
a	O
resumption	O
of	O
talks	O
across	T-2
the	T-2
Taiwan	B-LOC
Strait	I-LOC
with	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	O
by	O
Taiwanese	T-1
Vice	T-1
President	T-4
Lien	T-4
Chan	T-4
this	O
week	O
that	O
infuriated	O
Beijing	T-5
.	O

China	O
on	O
Thursday	O
accused	O
Taipei	O
of	O
spoiling	O
the	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
a	O
resumption	O
of	O
talks	O
across	O
the	O
Taiwan	T-0
Strait	T-0
with	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
by	O
Taiwanese	O
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	O
Chan	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
infuriated	T-1
Beijing	O
.	O

China	O
on	O
Thursday	O
accused	O
Taipei	O
of	O
spoiling	O
the	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
a	O
resumption	O
of	O
talks	O
across	O
the	O
Taiwan	O
Strait	O
with	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	O
by	T-0
Taiwanese	B-MISC
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	O
Chan	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
infuriated	O
Beijing	O
.	O

China	O
on	O
Thursday	O
accused	O
Taipei	O
of	O
spoiling	T-2
the	T-2
atmosphere	T-2
for	O
a	O
resumption	O
of	O
talks	T-0
across	O
the	O
Taiwan	O
Strait	O
with	O
a	O
visit	T-3
to	T-3
Ukraine	T-3
by	T-1
Taiwanese	O
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	B-PER
Chan	I-PER
this	O
week	O
that	O
infuriated	O
Beijing	O
.	O

China	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
accused	T-0
Taipei	O
of	O
spoiling	O
the	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
a	O
resumption	O
of	O
talks	O
across	O
the	O
Taiwan	O
Strait	O
with	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	O
by	O
Taiwanese	O
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	O
Chan	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
infuriated	T-1
Beijing	B-LOC
.	O

Speaking	T-0
only	O
hours	O
after	O
Chinese	B-MISC
state	O
media	T-1
said	O
the	O
time	O
was	O
right	O
to	O
engage	O
in	O
political	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Shen	O
Guofang	O
told	O
Reuters	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
necessary	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
has	O
been	O
disrupted	O
by	O
the	O
Taiwan	O
authorities	O
.	O
"	O

Speaking	T-1
only	O
hours	O
after	O
Chinese	T-2
state	O
media	O
said	O
the	O
time	O
was	O
right	O
to	O
engage	O
in	O
political	T-3
talks	T-3
with	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
,	O
Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	T-4
Shen	O
Guofang	O
told	O
Reuters	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
necessary	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
has	O
been	O
disrupted	O
by	O
the	O
Taiwan	O
authorities	O
.	O
"	O

Speaking	O
only	O
hours	O
after	O
Chinese	O
state	O
media	O
said	T-0
the	O
time	O
was	O
right	O
to	O
engage	O
in	O
political	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
Foreign	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
spokesman	T-3
Shen	O
Guofang	O
told	O
Reuters	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
necessary	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
the	O
opening	T-1
of	O
the	O
talks	O
has	O
been	O
disrupted	O
by	O
the	O
Taiwan	T-2
authorities	O
.	O
"	O

Speaking	T-6
only	O
hours	O
after	O
Chinese	T-3
state	T-3
media	T-3
said	T-0
the	O
time	O
was	O
right	O
to	O
engage	O
in	O
political	T-1
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
Foreign	T-4
Ministry	T-4
spokesman	T-4
Shen	B-PER
Guofang	I-PER
told	T-5
Reuters	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
necessary	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
has	O
been	O
disrupted	O
by	O
the	O
Taiwan	T-2
authorities	T-2
.	O
"	O

Speaking	T-1
only	O
hours	O
after	O
Chinese	O
state	O
media	O
said	O
the	O
time	O
was	O
right	O
to	O
engage	O
in	O
political	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Shen	O
Guofang	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
:	O
"	O
The	O
necessary	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
has	O
been	O
disrupted	O
by	O
the	O
Taiwan	O
authorities	T-0
.	O
"	O

Speaking	O
only	O
hours	O
after	O
Chinese	O
state	O
media	O
said	O
the	O
time	O
was	O
right	O
to	O
engage	T-0
in	O
political	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	T-1
Shen	O
Guofang	O
told	O
Reuters	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
necessary	O
atmosphere	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
has	O
been	O
disrupted	O
by	O
the	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
authorities	T-2
.	O
"	O

State	O
media	O
quoted	T-0
China	B-LOC
's	O
top	O
negotiator	O
with	O
Taipei	T-1
,	O
Tang	T-2
Shubei	T-2
,	O
as	O
telling	O
a	O
visiting	O
group	O
from	O
Taiwan	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
rivals	O
to	O
hold	O
political	O
talks	O
.	O

State	O
media	O
quoted	O
China	T-0
's	O
top	O
negotiator	T-1
with	O
Taipei	B-LOC
,	O
Tang	T-2
Shubei	T-2
,	O
as	O
telling	O
a	O
visiting	O
group	O
from	O
Taiwan	T-3
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
rivals	O
to	O
hold	O
political	O
talks	O
.	O

State	O
media	T-2
quoted	O
China	O
's	O
top	T-1
negotiator	T-1
with	O
Taipei	T-0
,	O
Tang	B-PER
Shubei	I-PER
,	O
as	O
telling	O
a	O
visiting	O
group	O
from	O
Taiwan	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
rivals	O
to	O
hold	O
political	T-3
talks	O
.	O

State	O
media	T-1
quoted	O
China	O
's	O
top	O
negotiator	O
with	O
Taipei	O
,	O
Tang	O
Shubei	O
,	O
as	O
telling	O
a	O
visiting	T-0
group	O
from	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
rivals	O
to	O
hold	O
political	T-2
talks	O
.	O

that	O
is	O
to	O
end	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
hostility	O
,	O
"	O
Thursday	O
's	O
overseas	T-0
edition	O
of	O
the	O
People	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Daily	I-ORG
quoted	T-1
Tang	O
as	O
saying	O
.	O

that	O
is	O
to	O
end	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
hostility	O
,	O
"	O
Thursday	O
's	O
overseas	O
edition	O
of	O
the	O
People	T-1
's	T-1
Daily	T-1
quoted	O
Tang	B-PER
as	O
saying	T-0
.	O

The	O
foreign	T-0
ministry	T-0
's	T-0
Shen	B-ORG
told	T-1
Reuters	T-4
Television	T-4
in	O
an	O
interview	O
he	O
had	O
read	O
reports	O
of	O
Tang	T-5
's	O
comments	T-2
but	O
gave	O
no	O
details	O
of	O
why	O
the	O
negotiator	O
had	O
considered	T-3
the	O
time	O
right	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
which	O
Beijing	O
considers	O
a	O
renegade	O
province	O
.	O

The	O
foreign	O
ministry	O
's	O
Shen	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
Television	I-ORG
in	O
an	O
interview	O
he	O
had	O
read	O
reports	O
of	O
Tang	O
's	O
comments	O
but	O
gave	O
no	O
details	O
of	O
why	O
the	O
negotiator	T-0
had	O
considered	O
the	O
time	O
right	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	T-2
,	O
which	O
Beijing	T-1
considers	O
a	O
renegade	O
province	O
.	O

The	O
foreign	O
ministry	O
's	O
Shen	T-3
told	T-4
Reuters	O
Television	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
he	O
had	O
read	T-1
reports	O
of	O
Tang	B-PER
's	O
comments	T-2
but	O
gave	T-0
no	O
details	O
of	O
why	O
the	O
negotiator	O
had	O
considered	O
the	O
time	O
right	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
which	O
Beijing	O
considers	O
a	O
renegade	O
province	O
.	O

The	O
foreign	O
ministry	O
's	O
Shen	T-3
told	O
Reuters	O
Television	T-0
in	O
an	O
interview	O
he	O
had	O
read	O
reports	O
of	O
Tang	O
's	O
comments	O
but	O
gave	O
no	O
details	O
of	O
why	O
the	O
negotiator	O
had	O
considered	O
the	O
time	O
right	O
for	O
talks	T-1
with	T-2
Taiwan	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
Beijing	O
considers	O
a	O
renegade	O
province	O
.	O

The	O
foreign	T-0
ministry	O
's	O
Shen	O
told	O
Reuters	O
Television	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
he	O
had	O
read	O
reports	O
of	O
Tang	O
's	O
comments	O
but	O
gave	O
no	O
details	O
of	O
why	O
the	O
negotiator	T-2
had	O
considered	O
the	O
time	O
right	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
Taiwan	T-3
,	O
which	O
Beijing	B-LOC
considers	O
a	O
renegade	O
province	T-1
.	T-0

China	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
has	O
long	T-0
opposed	T-3
all	O
Taipei	O
efforts	O
to	O
gain	T-1
greater	O
international	O
recognition	O
,	O
was	O
infuriated	O
by	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	T-2
this	O
week	O
by	O
Taiwanese	O
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	O
.	O

China	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
long	O
opposed	T-1
all	O
Taipei	B-LOC
efforts	O
to	O
gain	O
greater	O
international	T-0
recognition	O
,	O
was	O
infuriated	O
by	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	O
this	O
week	O
by	O
Taiwanese	O
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	O
.	O

China	T-1
,	O
which	O
has	O
long	O
opposed	T-3
all	O
Taipei	O
efforts	O
to	O
gain	O
greater	O
international	O
recognition	O
,	O
was	O
infuriated	T-2
by	O
a	T-0
visit	T-0
to	T-0
Ukraine	B-LOC
this	O
week	O
by	O
Taiwanese	O
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	O
.	O

China	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
long	O
opposed	T-1
all	O
Taipei	O
efforts	O
to	O
gain	O
greater	O
international	O
recognition	O
,	O
was	O
infuriated	O
by	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	O
this	O
week	O
by	T-2
Taiwanese	B-MISC
Vice	T-0
President	O
Lien	O
.	T-0

China	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
long	O
opposed	O
all	O
Taipei	O
efforts	O
to	O
gain	O
greater	O
international	T-0
recognition	O
,	O
was	O
infuriated	T-2
by	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
Ukraine	O
this	O
week	O
by	O
Taiwanese	T-1
Vice	O
President	O
Lien	B-PER
.	T-0

China	B-LOC
says	T-0
time	O
right	O
for	O
Taiwan	O
talks	O
.	O

China	T-0
says	O
time	O
right	O
for	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
talks	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
has	O
said	T-0
it	O
was	O
time	O
for	O
political	T-4
talks	T-4
with	O
Taiwan	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
rival	O
island	T-1
should	O
take	T-5
practical	T-5
steps	T-5
towards	T-2
that	O
goal	T-3
.	O

China	T-1
has	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
time	O
for	O
political	T-3
talks	T-3
with	T-4
Taiwan	B-LOC
and	O
that	O
the	O
rival	T-0
island	T-2
should	O
take	O
practical	O
steps	O
towards	O
that	O
goal	O
.	O

Consultations	T-1
should	O
be	O
held	O
to	O
set	O
the	O
time	O
and	O
format	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
,	O
the	O
official	T-2
Xinhua	B-ORG
news	T-0
agency	T-0
quoted	T-4
Tang	O
Shubei	O
,	O
executive	O
vice	O
chairman	T-5
of	O
the	O
Association	O
for	O
Relations	O
Across	O
the	O
Taiwan	O
Straits	O
,	O
as	O
saying	T-3
late	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Consultations	O
should	O
be	O
held	O
to	O
set	O
the	O
time	O
and	O
format	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
,	O
the	O
official	O
Xinhua	T-0
news	O
agency	O
quoted	O
Tang	B-PER
Shubei	I-PER
,	O
executive	T-3
vice	T-3
chairman	T-3
of	O
the	O
Association	T-2
for	T-2
Relations	T-2
Across	O
the	O
Taiwan	T-1
Straits	T-1
,	O
as	O
saying	O
late	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Consultations	T-3
should	O
be	O
held	O
to	O
set	O
the	O
time	O
and	O
format	O
of	O
the	O
talks	O
,	O
the	O
official	O
Xinhua	T-4
news	O
agency	O
quoted	O
Tang	T-1
Shubei	T-1
,	O
executive	T-2
vice	T-2
chairman	T-2
of	T-0
the	T-0
Association	B-ORG
for	I-ORG
Relations	I-ORG
Across	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Taiwan	I-ORG
Straits	I-ORG
,	O
as	O
saying	O
late	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

German	B-MISC
first-time	O
registrations	T-0
of	O
motor	O
vehicles	O
jumped	O
14.2	O
percent	O
in	O
July	O
this	O
year	O
from	O
the	O
year-earlier	O
period	O
,	O
the	T-1
Federal	T-1
office	T-1
for	T-1
motor	T-1
vehicles	T-1
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

German	O
first-time	O
registrations	T-0
of	O
motor	O
vehicles	O
jumped	O
14.2	O
percent	O
in	O
July	O
this	O
year	O
from	O
the	O
year-earlier	O
period	O
,	O
the	O
Federal	B-ORG
office	I-ORG
for	I-ORG
motor	I-ORG
vehicles	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
growth	O
was	O
partly	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increased	T-3
number	O
of	O
Germans	B-MISC
buying	O
German	T-2
cars	O
abroad	O
,	O
while	O
manufacturers	O
said	T-1
that	O
domestic	O
demand	O
was	O
weak	O
,	O
the	O
federal	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
growth	O
was	O
partly	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increased	T-1
number	O
of	O
Germans	T-0
buying	O
German	B-MISC
cars	O
abroad	O
,	O
while	O
manufacturers	O
said	O
that	O
domestic	O
demand	O
was	O
weak	O
,	O
the	O
federal	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

Almost	T-2
all	O
German	B-MISC
car	T-3
manufacturers	T-3
posted	T-0
gains	T-4
in	O
registration	O
numbers	O
in	O
the	O
period	T-1
.	O

Volkswagen	B-ORG
AG	I-ORG
won	T-1
77,719	O
registrations	T-0
,	O
slightly	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
quarter	T-2
of	O
the	O
total	O
.	O

Opel	B-ORG
AG	I-ORG
together	O
with	O
General	T-0
Motors	O
came	T-1
in	T-1
second	T-1
place	T-1
with	O
49,269	O
registrations	O
,	O
16.4	O
percent	O
of	O
the	O
overall	O
figure	O
.	O

Opel	O
AG	O
together	O
with	O
General	B-ORG
Motors	I-ORG
came	T-2
in	O
second	T-0
place	T-0
with	O
49,269	O
registrations	T-3
,	O
16.4	T-1
percent	T-1
of	O
the	O
overall	O
figure	O
.	O

Third	O
was	O
Ford	B-ORG
with	T-0
35,563	O
registrations	O
,	O
or	O
11.7	O
percent	T-1
.	T-1

Only	O
Seat	B-ORG
and	O
Porsche	O
had	O
fewer	T-1
registrations	O
in	O
July	O
1996	O
compared	T-0
to	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
July	O
.	O

Only	T-2
Seat	T-2
and	O
Porsche	B-ORG
had	T-1
fewer	T-1
registrations	T-0
in	O
July	O
1996	O
compared	O
to	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
July	O
.	O

Seat	B-ORG
posted	T-1
3,420	T-2
registrations	T-0
compared	O
with	O
5522	O
registrations	O
in	O
July	O
a	O
year	O
earlier	O
.	O

GREEK	B-MISC
SOCIALISTS	O
GIVE	O
GREEN	O
LIGHT	O
TO	O
PM	O
FOR	O
ELECTIONS	T-0
.	O

The	O
Greek	B-MISC
socialist	T-3
party	T-3
's	T-3
executive	T-0
bureau	T-0
gave	T-1
the	O
green	O
light	O
to	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	O
Simitis	O
to	O
call	O
snap	O
elections	O
,	O
its	O
general	O
secretary	T-4
Costas	O
Skandalidis	O
told	T-2
reporters	O
.	O

The	O
Greek	O
socialist	O
party	O
's	O
executive	O
bureau	O
gave	T-0
the	O
green	O
light	O
to	O
Prime	T-4
Minister	T-4
Costas	B-PER
Simitis	I-PER
to	O
call	T-1
snap	O
elections	T-3
,	O
its	O
general	O
secretary	O
Costas	O
Skandalidis	O
told	T-2
reporters	O
.	O

The	O
Greek	O
socialist	T-0
party	T-0
's	O
executive	T-1
bureau	O
gave	O
the	O
green	O
light	O
to	O
Prime	T-2
Minister	T-2
Costas	O
Simitis	O
to	O
call	T-4
snap	O
elections	O
,	O
its	O
general	O
secretary	T-3
Costas	B-PER
Skandalidis	I-PER
told	T-5
reporters	O
.	O

Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	B-PER
Simitis	I-PER
is	O
going	O
to	O
make	T-0
an	O
official	O
announcement	T-1
after	O
a	O
cabinet	O
meeting	O
later	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
said	T-2
Skandalidis	O
.	O

Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	T-1
Simitis	T-1
is	O
going	O
to	O
make	O
an	O
official	O
announcement	T-0
after	O
a	O
cabinet	O
meeting	T-2
later	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
said	O
Skandalidis	B-PER
.	O

--	O
Dimitris	B-PER
Kontogiannis	I-PER
,	O
Athens	T-0
Newsroom	T-0
+301	O
3311812-4	O

--	O
Dimitris	T-0
Kontogiannis	T-0
,	O
Athens	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+301	T-1
3311812-4	T-1

BayerVB	B-ORG
sets	T-1
C$	O
100	O
million	O
six-year	O
bond	T-0
.	O

BayerVB	O
sets	T-0
C$	B-MISC
100	O
million	O
six-year	O
bond	T-1
.	O

The	O
following	O
bond	O
was	O
announced	T-1
by	O
lead	T-0
manager	T-0
Toronto	B-PER
Dominion	I-PER
.	O

BORROWER	T-0
BAYERISCHE	B-ORG
VEREINSBANK	I-ORG

AMT	O
C$	B-MISC
100	T-0
MLN	O
COUPON	O
6.625	O
MATURITY	T-1
24.SEP.02	O

S&P	B-ORG
=	O
DENOMS	T-0
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	O
LIMITS	O
US	T-1
/	O
UK	T-2
/	O
CA	T-3

S&P	O
=	O
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	T-2
SALE	O
LIMITS	O
US	B-LOC
/	O
UK	T-0
/	O
CA	T-1

S&P	T-0
=	O
DENOMS	T-1
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	O
LIMITS	T-2
US	O
/	O
UK	B-LOC
/	O
CA	T-3

S&P	T-1
=	O
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	O
LIMITS	T-0
US	O
/	O
UK	O
/	O
CA	B-LOC

GOV	T-0
LAW	T-0
GERMAN	B-MISC
HOME	O
CTRY	O
=	O
TAX	T-1
PROVS	T-1
STANDARD	T-1

NOTES	O
BAYERISCHE	B-ORG
VEREINSBANK	I-ORG
IS	T-0
JOINT	T-0
LEAD	O
MANAGER	O

Venantius	B-ORG
sets	O
$	T-0
300	T-0
million	T-0
January	T-1
1999	T-1
FRN	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
floating-rate	O
issue	O
was	O
announced	T-0
by	O
lead	O
manager	O
Lehman	B-ORG
Brothers	I-ORG
International	I-ORG
.	O

BORROWER	T-0
VENANTIUS	B-ORG
AB	I-ORG
(	O
SWEDISH	O
NATIONAL	O
MORTGAGE	O
AGENCY	O
)	O

BORROWER	T-0
VENANTIUS	O
AB	O
(	O
SWEDISH	B-MISC
NATIONAL	O
MORTGAGE	O
AGENCY	O
)	O

TYPE	O
FRN	T-2
BASE	T-2
3M	B-ORG
LIBOR	T-0
PAY	O
DATE	O
S23.SEP.96	O

LAST	T-1
S&P	B-ORG
AA+	T-0
REOFFER	T-0
=	O

LISTING	O
LONDON	B-LOC
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	O
LIMITS	O
US	T-0
/	T-0
UK	T-0
/	T-0
JP	T-0
/	T-0
FR	T-0

LISTING	O
LONDON	O
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	T-0
LIMITS	O
US	B-LOC
/	O
UK	O
/	O
JP	O
/	O
FR	O

LISTING	O
LONDON	T-0
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	O
LIMITS	O
US	O
/	O
UK	B-LOC
/	O
JP	O
/	O
FR	O

LISTING	O
LONDON	T-1
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	O
LIMITS	O
US	O
/	O
UK	T-0
/	O
JP	B-LOC
/	O
FR	O

LISTING	T-1
LONDON	T-0
DENOMS	O
(	O
K	O
)	O
1-10-100	O
SALE	T-2
LIMITS	T-2
US	O
/	O
UK	O
/	O
JP	O
/	O
FR	B-LOC

GOV	O
LAW	T-3
ENGLISH	B-MISC
HOME	T-0
CTRY	T-0
SWEDEN	T-1
TAX	T-2
PROVS	O
STANDARD	O

GOV	O
LAW	O
ENGLISH	T-1
HOME	O
CTRY	T-0
SWEDEN	B-LOC
TAX	O
PROVS	O
STANDARD	O

--	O
London	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+44	T-0
171	T-0
542	T-0
8863	T-0

Port	T-1
conditions	T-1
update	T-3
-	O
Syria	B-LOC
-	O
Lloyds	T-2
Shipping	T-2
.	O

Port	O
conditions	T-0
update	O
-	O
Syria	O
-	O
Lloyds	B-ORG
Shipping	I-ORG
.	O

Port	T-0
conditions	T-0
from	T-1
Lloyds	B-ORG
Shipping	I-ORG
Intelligence	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
--	O

LATTAKIA	B-LOC
,	O
Aug	O
10	O
-	O
waiting	T-0
time	T-0
at	O
Lattakia	T-1
and	O
Tartous	T-2
presently	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

LATTAKIA	O
,	O
Aug	O
10	O
-	O
waiting	O
time	O
at	O
Lattakia	B-LOC
and	O
Tartous	T-0
presently	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

LATTAKIA	O
,	O
Aug	O
10	O
-	O
waiting	T-1
time	T-2
at	O
Lattakia	O
and	T-0
Tartous	B-LOC
presently	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
plays	T-0
down	O
fears	O
of	O
war	T-1
with	T-1
Syria	T-2
.	O

Israel	T-2
plays	T-0
down	O
fears	T-3
of	O
war	T-1
with	O
Syria	B-LOC
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
's	O
outgoing	T-0
peace	T-3
negotiator	T-3
with	O
Syria	T-4
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
current	O
tensions	T-2
between	O
the	T-5
two	T-5
countries	T-5
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
storm	O
in	O
a	O
teacup	O
.	O

Israel	O
's	O
outgoing	T-2
peace	O
negotiator	T-1
with	O
Syria	B-LOC
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
current	O
tensions	T-0
between	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
appeared	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
storm	O
in	O
a	O
teacup	O
.	O

Itamar	B-PER
Rabinovich	I-PER
,	O
who	O
as	O
Israel	O
's	O
ambassador	T-1
to	O
Washington	T-3
conducted	O
unfruitful	O
negotiations	O
with	O
Syria	T-4
,	O
told	O
Israel	T-0
Radio	T-0
it	O
looked	O
like	O
Damascus	T-2
wanted	O
to	O
talk	O
rather	O
than	O
fight	O
.	O

Itamar	O
Rabinovich	O
,	O
who	O
as	O
Israel	B-LOC
's	O
ambassador	O
to	O
Washington	O
conducted	O
unfruitful	O
negotiations	O
with	O
Syria	O
,	O
told	T-0
Israel	O
Radio	O
it	O
looked	O
like	O
Damascus	O
wanted	O
to	O
talk	O
rather	O
than	O
fight	O
.	O

Itamar	T-2
Rabinovich	T-2
,	O
who	O
as	O
Israel	O
's	O
ambassador	T-1
to	T-0
Washington	B-LOC
conducted	O
unfruitful	O
negotiations	O
with	O
Syria	O
,	O
told	O
Israel	O
Radio	O
it	O
looked	O
like	O
Damascus	O
wanted	O
to	O
talk	O
rather	O
than	O
fight	O
.	O

Itamar	O
Rabinovich	O
,	O
who	O
as	O
Israel	O
's	O
ambassador	O
to	O
Washington	O
conducted	O
unfruitful	O
negotiations	O
with	T-1
Syria	B-LOC
,	O
told	O
Israel	O
Radio	O
it	O
looked	O
like	O
Damascus	T-0
wanted	O
to	O
talk	O
rather	O
than	O
fight	O
.	O

Itamar	O
Rabinovich	O
,	O
who	O
as	O
Israel	O
's	O
ambassador	O
to	O
Washington	O
conducted	T-0
unfruitful	O
negotiations	T-1
with	O
Syria	T-2
,	O
told	O
Israel	B-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
it	O
looked	O
like	O
Damascus	O
wanted	O
to	O
talk	O
rather	O
than	O
fight	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
appears	O
to	O
me	O
the	O
Syrian	B-MISC
priority	O
is	O
still	O
to	T-1
negotiate	T-1
.	O

The	O
Syrians	B-MISC
are	O
confused	T-2
,	O
they	O
are	O
definitely	O
tense	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
general	O
assessment	T-1
here	O
in	O
Washington	T-0
is	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
essentially	O
a	O
storm	O
in	O
a	O
teacup	T-3
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
Syrians	O
are	O
confused	T-2
,	O
they	O
are	O
definitely	O
tense	O
,	O
but	T-0
the	T-0
general	T-0
assessment	T-0
here	T-0
in	T-0
Washington	B-LOC
is	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
essentially	T-3
a	O
storm	O
in	O
a	O
teacup	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	T-1
.	O

Rabinovich	B-PER
is	O
winding	T-0
up	T-0
his	O
term	O
as	O
ambassador	T-2
.	T-1

He	O
will	O
be	O
replaced	T-2
by	T-1
Eliahu	B-PER
Ben-Elissar	I-PER
,	O
a	O
former	O
Israeli	O
envoy	O
to	O
Egypt	T-0
and	O
right-wing	O
Likud	O
party	O
politician	O
.	O

He	O
will	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
Eliahu	O
Ben-Elissar	O
,	O
a	O
former	T-0
Israeli	B-MISC
envoy	O
to	O
Egypt	O
and	O
right-wing	O
Likud	O
party	O
politician	O
.	O

He	O
will	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
Eliahu	T-1
Ben-Elissar	T-1
,	O
a	O
former	O
Israeli	T-0
envoy	T-2
to	T-2
Egypt	B-LOC
and	O
right-wing	O
Likud	O
party	O
politician	O
.	O

He	O
will	O
be	O
replaced	T-4
by	O
Eliahu	T-1
Ben-Elissar	T-1
,	O
a	O
former	O
Israeli	T-3
envoy	O
to	O
Egypt	T-2
and	O
right-wing	T-0
Likud	B-ORG
party	O
politician	O
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
sent	T-0
Syria	O
a	O
message	O
,	O
via	O
Washington	O
,	O
saying	T-1
it	O
was	O
committed	O
to	O
peace	O
and	O
wanted	O
to	O
open	O
negotiations	O
without	O
preconditions	O
.	O

Israel	T-1
on	O
Wednesday	O
sent	O
Syria	B-LOC
a	O
message	T-0
,	O
via	O
Washington	T-2
,	O
saying	T-4
it	O
was	O
committed	O
to	O
peace	T-3
and	T-3
wanted	T-3
to	T-3
open	T-3
negotiations	T-3
without	O
preconditions	O
.	O

Israel	T-1
on	O
Wednesday	O
sent	O
Syria	T-2
a	O
message	O
,	O
via	T-0
Washington	B-LOC
,	O
saying	O
it	O
was	O
committed	O
to	O
peace	T-3
and	O
wanted	O
to	O
open	O
negotiations	T-4
without	O
preconditions	O
.	O

But	O
it	O
slammed	O
Damascus	B-LOC
for	O
creating	O
what	O
it	O
called	O
a	O
dangerous	T-0
atmosphere	T-1
.	O

Syria	B-LOC
accused	T-0
Israel	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
of	O
launching	O
a	O
hysterical	T-3
campaign	T-4
against	T-1
it	O
after	O
Israeli	O
television	O
reported	O
that	O
Damascus	O
had	O
recently	O
test	O
fired	O
a	O
missile	O
.	O

Syria	T-1
accused	T-3
Israel	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
of	O
launching	T-0
a	O
hysterical	O
campaign	O
against	O
it	O
after	O
Israeli	O
television	T-2
reported	O
that	O
Damascus	O
had	O
recently	O
test	O
fired	O
a	O
missile	O
.	O

Syria	O
accused	O
Israel	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
of	O
launching	O
a	O
hysterical	T-4
campaign	T-4
against	O
it	O
after	T-0
Israeli	B-MISC
television	T-1
reported	T-2
that	O
Damascus	O
had	O
recently	O
test	O
fired	T-3
a	O
missile	O
.	O

Syria	O
accused	O
Israel	T-0
on	O
Wednesday	O
of	O
launching	O
a	O
hysterical	T-2
campaign	T-2
against	O
it	O
after	O
Israeli	O
television	O
reported	O
that	T-1
Damascus	B-LOC
had	O
recently	O
test	T-3
fired	T-3
a	O
missile	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
message	O
that	O
we	O
sent	O
to	T-1
(	O
Syrian	B-MISC
President	O
Hafez	O
al-	O
)	O
Assad	O
is	O
that	O
Israel	O
is	O
ready	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
without	O
preconditions	T-0
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	O
,	O
"	O
Israeli	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
David	O
Levy	O
told	O
Israel	O
Radio	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
message	O
that	O
we	O
sent	T-3
to	T-3
(	O
Syrian	T-0
President	T-0
Hafez	B-PER
al-	I-PER
)	O
Assad	O
is	O
that	O
Israel	O
is	O
ready	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
without	O
preconditions	O
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	T-4
,	O
"	O
Israeli	O
Foreign	T-1
Minister	T-1
David	T-5
Levy	T-5
told	T-6
Israel	O
Radio	O
in	O
an	O
interview	T-2
.	O

"	O
The	O
message	O
that	O
we	O
sent	O
to	O
(	O
Syrian	O
President	O
Hafez	O
al-	O
)	O
Assad	B-PER
is	O
that	O
Israel	O
is	O
ready	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
without	O
preconditions	O
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	O
,	O
"	O
Israeli	T-0
Foreign	T-0
Minister	T-0
David	T-0
Levy	T-0
told	O
Israel	O
Radio	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
message	O
that	O
we	O
sent	T-3
to	O
(	O
Syrian	O
President	O
Hafez	O
al-	O
)	O
Assad	O
is	O
that	O
Israel	B-LOC
is	O
ready	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
without	O
preconditions	O
to	O
enter	T-4
peace	T-0
negotiations	T-0
,	O
"	O
Israeli	T-1
Foreign	O
Minister	O
David	O
Levy	O
told	O
Israel	T-2
Radio	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
message	O
that	O
we	O
sent	T-1
to	O
(	O
Syrian	O
President	O
Hafez	O
al-	O
)	O
Assad	O
is	O
that	O
Israel	O
is	O
ready	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
without	O
preconditions	O
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	T-2
,	O
"	O
Israeli	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
David	O
Levy	O
told	O
Israel	O
Radio	O
in	O
an	O
interview	T-0
.	O

"	O
The	O
message	O
that	O
we	O
sent	O
to	O
(	O
Syrian	O
President	O
Hafez	O
al-	O
)	O
Assad	O
is	O
that	O
Israel	O
is	O
ready	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
without	O
preconditions	O
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	O
,	O
"	O
Israeli	O
Foreign	T-0
Minister	T-0
David	B-PER
Levy	I-PER
told	O
Israel	O
Radio	O
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
message	O
that	O
we	O
sent	T-0
to	T-0
(	O
Syrian	T-1
President	O
Hafez	O
al-	O
)	O
Assad	O
is	O
that	O
Israel	O
is	O
ready	O
at	O
any	O
time	O
without	O
preconditions	O
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	O
,	O
"	O
Israeli	T-2
Foreign	T-2
Minister	T-2
David	T-2
Levy	T-2
told	T-3
Israel	B-ORG
Radio	I-ORG
in	O
an	O
interview	O
.	T-1

Tension	O
has	O
mounted	T-0
since	O
Israeli	B-MISC
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
took	T-1
office	O
in	O
June	O
vowing	O
to	O
retain	T-2
the	O
Golan	O
Heights	O
Israel	O
captured	T-3
from	O
Syria	O
in	O
the	O
1967	O
Middle	O
East	O
war	O
.	O

Tension	O
has	O
mounted	O
since	O
Israeli	O
Prime	T-1
Minister	T-1
Benjamin	B-PER
Netanyahu	I-PER
took	T-0
office	T-0
in	T-0
June	T-0
vowing	T-4
to	O
retain	O
the	O
Golan	T-2
Heights	T-2
Israel	T-2
captured	O
from	O
Syria	T-3
in	O
the	O
1967	O
Middle	O
East	O
war	O
.	O

Tension	O
has	O
mounted	O
since	O
Israeli	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
took	O
office	O
in	O
June	O
vowing	O
to	O
retain	T-0
the	O
Golan	B-LOC
Heights	I-LOC
Israel	O
captured	T-1
from	O
Syria	T-2
in	O
the	O
1967	O
Middle	O
East	O
war	O
.	O

Tension	O
has	O
mounted	O
since	O
Israeli	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
took	O
office	O
in	O
June	O
vowing	O
to	O
retain	O
the	O
Golan	T-0
Heights	T-0
Israel	B-LOC
captured	T-1
from	T-1
Syria	O
in	O
the	O
1967	O
Middle	O
East	O
war	O
.	O

Tension	O
has	O
mounted	T-2
since	O
Israeli	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
took	O
office	O
in	O
June	O
vowing	O
to	O
retain	O
the	O
Golan	O
Heights	O
Israel	O
captured	T-0
from	T-1
Syria	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
1967	O
Middle	O
East	O
war	O
.	O

Tension	O
has	O
mounted	T-2
since	O
Israeli	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
took	O
office	O
in	O
June	O
vowing	O
to	O
retain	O
the	O
Golan	O
Heights	O
Israel	O
captured	T-3
from	O
Syria	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
1967	T-0
Middle	B-LOC
East	I-LOC
war	T-1
.	O

Israeli-Syrian	B-MISC
peace	T-1
talks	T-1
have	O
been	O
deadlocked	O
over	O
the	O
Golan	O
since	O
1991	O
despite	T-2
the	T-2
previous	T-2
government	T-2
's	O
willingness	O
to	O
make	O
Golan	T-0
concessions	O
.	O

Israeli-Syrian	T-3
peace	O
talks	O
have	O
been	O
deadlocked	T-2
over	O
the	O
Golan	B-LOC
since	O
1991	O
despite	O
the	O
previous	O
government	T-0
's	O
willingness	O
to	O
make	O
Golan	T-1
concessions	O
.	T-3

Israeli-Syrian	T-1
peace	T-1
talks	T-1
have	O
been	O
deadlocked	O
over	O
the	O
Golan	O
since	O
1991	O
despite	T-0
the	O
previous	O
government	O
's	O
willingness	O
to	O
make	O
Golan	B-LOC
concessions	T-2
.	O

"	O
The	T-0
voices	T-0
coming	T-2
out	T-1
of	T-1
Damascus	B-LOC
are	O
bad	O
,	O
not	O
good	O
.	O

"	O
We	T-0
expect	T-0
from	T-0
Syria	B-LOC
,	O
if	O
its	O
face	O
is	O
to	O
peace	T-2
,	O
that	T-1
it	T-1
will	T-1
answer	T-1
Israel	T-1
's	T-1
message	T-1
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	O
because	O
that	O
is	O
our	O
goal	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
We	O
expect	O
from	O
Syria	T-1
,	O
if	O
its	O
face	O
is	O
to	O
peace	T-2
,	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
answer	O
Israel	B-LOC
's	O
message	O
to	O
enter	O
peace	O
negotiations	T-4
because	O
that	O
is	O
our	O
goal	T-3
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O
"	O

We	O
do	O
not	O
want	T-0
a	O
war	O
,	O
God	B-PER
forbid	T-1
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
's	O
Channel	O
Two	O
television	O
said	T-2
Damascus	T-0
had	O
sent	O
a	O
"	O
calming	T-3
signal	T-3
"	O
to	O
Israel	T-1
.	O

Israel	T-1
's	O
Channel	B-ORG
Two	I-ORG
television	O
said	T-0
Damascus	T-2
had	O
sent	O
a	O
"	O
calming	O
signal	O
"	O
to	O
Israel	O
.	O

Israel	O
's	O
Channel	O
Two	O
television	O
said	T-0
Damascus	B-LOC
had	T-2
sent	T-2
a	O
"	O
calming	O
signal	O
"	O
to	O
Israel	T-1
.	O

Israel	T-0
's	O
Channel	O
Two	O
television	O
said	O
Damascus	T-1
had	T-3
sent	T-3
a	O
"	O
calming	T-2
signal	T-2
"	O
to	O
Israel	B-LOC
.	O

Netanyahu	B-PER
and	O
Levy	O
's	O
spokesmen	T-1
said	T-0
they	O
could	O
not	O
confirm	O
it	O
.	O

Netanyahu	O
and	T-0
Levy	B-PER
's	O
spokesmen	O
said	T-1
they	O
could	O
not	O
confirm	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
television	O
also	O
said	T-0
that	O
Netanyahu	B-PER
had	O
sent	O
messages	O
to	O
reassure	O
Syria	T-1
via	O
Cairo	O
,	O
the	O
United	T-2
States	T-2
and	O
Moscow	O
.	O

The	O
television	T-0
also	O
said	O
that	O
Netanyahu	T-1
had	O
sent	O
messages	O
to	O
reassure	O
Syria	B-LOC
via	O
Cairo	O
,	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
Moscow	O
.	O

The	O
television	O
also	O
said	T-2
that	O
Netanyahu	O
had	O
sent	O
messages	O
to	O
reassure	T-3
Syria	T-1
via	O
Cairo	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
United	T-4
States	T-4
and	O
Moscow	T-5
.	O

The	O
television	T-1
also	O
said	T-3
that	O
Netanyahu	O
had	O
sent	T-4
messages	T-4
to	O
reassure	T-5
Syria	O
via	O
Cairo	O
,	O
the	T-0
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
and	O
Moscow	T-2
.	O

The	O
television	O
also	O
said	O
that	O
Netanyahu	O
had	O
sent	O
messages	T-1
to	O
reassure	O
Syria	O
via	O
Cairo	T-0
,	T-0
the	T-0
United	T-0
States	T-0
and	T-0
Moscow	B-LOC
.	O

Polish	B-MISC
diplomat	T-0
denies	T-1
nurses	T-2
stranded	O
in	O
Libya	O
.	O

Polish	T-0
diplomat	T-1
denies	T-2
nurses	O
stranded	O
in	O
Libya	B-LOC
.	O

A	O
Polish	B-MISC
diplomat	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
denied	T-2
a	O
Polish	T-0
tabloid	O
report	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
Libya	O
was	O
refusing	O
exit	O
visas	O
to	O
100	O
Polish	O
nurses	O
trying	O
to	O
return	O
home	O
after	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
North	O
African	O
country	O
.	O

A	O
Polish	O
diplomat	O
on	O
Thursday	O
denied	T-0
a	T-0
Polish	B-MISC
tabloid	T-1
report	T-1
this	O
week	O
that	O
Libya	O
was	O
refusing	T-2
exit	O
visas	O
to	O
100	O
Polish	O
nurses	O
trying	O
to	O
return	O
home	O
after	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
North	O
African	O
country	O
.	O

A	O
Polish	T-1
diplomat	O
on	O
Thursday	O
denied	O
a	O
Polish	O
tabloid	O
report	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
Libya	B-LOC
was	O
refusing	T-0
exit	O
visas	O
to	O
100	O
Polish	O
nurses	O
trying	O
to	O
return	O
home	O
after	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
North	T-2
African	T-2
country	O
.	O

A	O
Polish	O
diplomat	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
denied	O
a	O
Polish	O
tabloid	O
report	T-0
this	O
week	O
that	O
Libya	O
was	O
refusing	O
exit	O
visas	T-2
to	T-2
100	T-2
Polish	B-MISC
nurses	T-3
trying	O
to	O
return	O
home	O
after	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
North	O
African	O
country	O
.	O

A	O
Polish	T-1
diplomat	O
on	O
Thursday	O
denied	O
a	O
Polish	T-3
tabloid	O
report	O
this	O
week	O
that	O
Libya	O
was	O
refusing	T-6
exit	T-6
visas	T-6
to	O
100	O
Polish	T-2
nurses	T-5
trying	O
to	O
return	T-7
home	T-7
after	O
working	O
in	T-0
the	T-0
North	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
country	T-4
.	O

Up	O
to	O
today	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
no	O
knowledge	O
of	O
any	O
nurse	O
stranded	T-0
or	O
kept	T-1
in	O
Libya	B-LOC
without	O
her	O
will	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
not	O
received	O
any	O
complaint	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
Polish	T-2
embassy	T-2
's	T-2
charge	O
d'affaires	O
in	O
Tripoli	O
,	O
Tadeusz	O
Awdankiewicz	O
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
by	O
telephone	O
.	O

Up	O
to	O
today	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
no	O
knowledge	O
of	O
any	O
nurse	T-0
stranded	O
or	O
kept	O
in	O
Libya	O
without	O
her	O
will	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
not	O
received	O
any	O
complaint	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
Polish	B-MISC
embassy	T-3
's	T-3
charge	O
d'affaires	O
in	O
Tripoli	T-1
,	O
Tadeusz	O
Awdankiewicz	O
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
by	O
telephone	T-2
.	O

Up	O
to	O
today	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
no	O
knowledge	O
of	O
any	O
nurse	O
stranded	T-0
or	O
kept	O
in	T-1
Libya	T-2
without	O
her	O
will	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
not	O
received	O
any	O
complaint	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
Polish	T-3
embassy	O
's	O
charge	O
d'affaires	O
in	T-5
Tripoli	B-LOC
,	O
Tadeusz	T-4
Awdankiewicz	T-4
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
by	O
telephone	O
.	O

Up	O
to	O
today	O
,	O
we	T-0
have	T-0
no	O
knowledge	O
of	O
any	O
nurse	T-1
stranded	O
or	O
kept	O
in	O
Libya	O
without	O
her	O
will	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
not	O
received	O
any	O
complaint	T-2
,	O
"	O
the	O
Polish	O
embassy	O
's	O
charge	O
d'affaires	O
in	O
Tripoli	T-3
,	O
Tadeusz	B-PER
Awdankiewicz	I-PER
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
by	O
telephone	O
.	O

Up	O
to	O
today	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
no	O
knowledge	T-4
of	O
any	O
nurse	O
stranded	T-0
or	O
kept	T-1
in	O
Libya	T-3
without	O
her	O
will	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
not	O
received	O
any	O
complaint	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
Polish	O
embassy	O
's	O
charge	O
d'affaires	O
in	O
Tripoli	O
,	O
Tadeusz	O
Awdankiewicz	O
,	O
told	T-2
Reuters	B-ORG
by	O
telephone	O
.	O

Poland	B-LOC
's	T-0
labour	O
ministry	O
said	O
this	O
week	O
it	T-1
would	O
send	O
a	O
team	O
to	O
Libya	O
to	O
investigate	T-2
,	O
but	O
Awdankiewicz	O
said	O
the	O
probe	O
was	O
prompted	O
by	O
some	O
nurses	O
complaining	O
about	O
their	O
work	O
conditions	O
such	O
as	O
non-payment	O
of	O
their	O
salaries	O
.	O

Poland	O
's	O
labour	O
ministry	O
said	O
this	O
week	O
it	O
would	O
send	O
a	O
team	O
to	O
Libya	B-LOC
to	O
investigate	T-0
,	O
but	O
Awdankiewicz	O
said	O
the	O
probe	O
was	O
prompted	O
by	O
some	O
nurses	O
complaining	O
about	O
their	O
work	O
conditions	O
such	O
as	O
non-payment	O
of	O
their	O
salaries	O
.	O

Poland	O
's	O
labour	T-2
ministry	T-2
said	T-0
this	O
week	O
it	O
would	O
send	O
a	O
team	O
to	O
Libya	O
to	O
investigate	T-1
,	O
but	O
Awdankiewicz	B-PER
said	O
the	O
probe	O
was	O
prompted	O
by	O
some	O
nurses	O
complaining	O
about	O
their	O
work	O
conditions	O
such	O
as	O
non-payment	O
of	O
their	O
salaries	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
that	O
there	O
are	O
an	O
estimated	O
800	O
Polish	T-1
nurses	T-1
working	O
in	T-0
Libya	B-LOC
.	O

Two	T-0
Iranian	B-MISC
opposition	T-1
leaders	T-2
meet	O
in	O
Baghdad	T-3
.	O

Two	O
Iranian	O
opposition	T-1
leaders	O
meet	T-0
in	T-0
Baghdad	B-LOC
.	O

An	O
Iranian	B-MISC
exile	T-1
group	T-0
based	O
in	O
Iraq	O
vowed	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
extend	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
Kurdish	T-3
rebels	T-3
after	O
they	O
were	O
attacked	O
by	O
Iranian	O
troops	O
deep	O
inside	O
Iraq	O
last	O
month	O
.	O

An	O
Iranian	T-1
exile	T-1
group	T-1
based	T-0
in	O
Iraq	B-LOC
vowed	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
extend	T-2
support	O
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
Kurdish	O
rebels	O
after	O
they	O
were	O
attacked	T-3
by	O
Iranian	O
troops	O
deep	O
inside	O
Iraq	O
last	O
month	O
.	O

An	O
Iranian	O
exile	O
group	O
based	O
in	O
Iraq	O
vowed	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
extend	O
support	O
to	T-2
Iran	B-LOC
's	O
Kurdish	T-1
rebels	O
after	O
they	O
were	O
attacked	O
by	O
Iranian	O
troops	O
deep	O
inside	O
Iraq	T-0
last	O
month	O
.	O

An	O
Iranian	O
exile	O
group	O
based	O
in	O
Iraq	O
vowed	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
extend	O
support	T-2
to	O
Iran	T-1
's	O
Kurdish	B-MISC
rebels	T-0
after	T-0
they	O
were	O
attacked	O
by	O
Iranian	O
troops	O
deep	O
inside	O
Iraq	O
last	O
month	O
.	O

An	O
Iranian	O
exile	O
group	O
based	O
in	O
Iraq	O
vowed	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
extend	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
Kurdish	O
rebels	O
after	O
they	O
were	O
attacked	T-0
by	O
Iranian	B-MISC
troops	T-1
deep	T-1
inside	T-1
Iraq	T-1
last	O
month	O
.	O

An	O
Iranian	T-1
exile	O
group	O
based	O
in	O
Iraq	O
vowed	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
extend	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
Kurdish	T-2
rebels	O
after	O
they	O
were	O
attacked	O
by	O
Iranian	O
troops	O
deep	T-3
inside	T-3
Iraq	B-LOC
last	O
month	O
.	O

A	O
Mujahideen	T-3
Khalq	O
statement	O
said	O
its	O
leader	T-0
Massoud	B-PER
Rajavi	I-PER
met	T-1
in	O
Baghdad	O
the	O
Secretary-General	O
of	O
the	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	T-2
Party	O
of	O
Iran	O
(	O
KDPI	O
)	O
Hassan	O
Rastegar	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
voiced	O
his	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
rebel	O
Kurds	O
.	O

A	O
Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
statement	O
said	T-3
its	O
leader	O
Massoud	T-2
Rajavi	O
met	T-0
in	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
the	O
Secretary-General	T-1
of	O
the	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
of	O
Iran	T-4
(	O
KDPI	O
)	O
Hassan	O
Rastegar	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
voiced	O
his	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
rebel	O
Kurds	O
.	O

A	T-0
Mujahideen	T-0
Khalq	T-0
statement	T-3
said	O
its	O
leader	O
Massoud	T-1
Rajavi	T-1
met	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
the	O
Secretary-General	O
of	T-2
the	T-2
Kurdistan	B-ORG
Democratic	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Iran	I-ORG
(	O
KDPI	O
)	O
Hassan	O
Rastegar	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
voiced	O
his	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
rebel	O
Kurds	O
.	O

A	O
Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
statement	O
said	O
its	O
leader	O
Massoud	O
Rajavi	O
met	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
the	O
Secretary-General	O
of	O
the	O
Kurdistan	T-0
Democratic	T-0
Party	T-0
of	O
Iran	O
(	O
KDPI	B-ORG
)	O
Hassan	O
Rastegar	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
voiced	O
his	O
support	O
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
rebel	O
Kurds	O
.	O

A	O
Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
statement	O
said	O
its	O
leader	O
Massoud	O
Rajavi	O
met	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
the	O
Secretary-General	T-0
of	O
the	O
Kurdistan	T-4
Democratic	T-4
Party	T-4
of	O
Iran	T-1
(	O
KDPI	O
)	O
Hassan	B-PER
Rastegar	I-PER
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
voiced	O
his	O
support	T-2
to	O
Iran	O
's	O
rebel	O
Kurds	T-3
.	O

A	O
Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
statement	O
said	T-1
its	O
leader	O
Massoud	O
Rajavi	O
met	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
the	O
Secretary-General	O
of	O
the	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
of	O
Iran	O
(	O
KDPI	O
)	O
Hassan	O
Rastegar	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
voiced	T-2
his	O
support	T-0
to	O
Iran	B-LOC
's	O
rebel	T-3
Kurds	T-3
.	O

A	O
Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
statement	O
said	O
its	O
leader	O
Massoud	O
Rajavi	O
met	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
the	O
Secretary-General	O
of	O
the	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
of	O
Iran	O
(	O
KDPI	O
)	O
Hassan	O
Rastegar	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
voiced	O
his	O
support	T-1
to	O
Iran	T-0
's	T-0
rebel	T-0
Kurds	B-MISC
.	O

"	O
Rajavi	B-MISC
emphasised	T-0
that	O
the	O
Iranian	T-1
Resistance	T-1
would	O
continue	O
to	O
stand	O
side	O
by	O
side	O
with	O
their	O
Kurdish	T-2
compatriots	T-2
and	O
the	O
resistance	O
movement	O
in	O
Iranian	T-3
Kurdistan	T-3
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	T-4
.	O

"	O
Rajavi	T-1
emphasised	O
that	O
the	O
Iranian	B-MISC
Resistance	T-2
would	O
continue	O
to	T-0
stand	T-0
side	O
by	O
side	O
with	O
their	O
Kurdish	O
compatriots	O
and	O
the	O
resistance	O
movement	T-3
in	O
Iranian	O
Kurdistan	O
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
Rajavi	T-1
emphasised	O
that	O
the	O
Iranian	T-0
Resistance	B-ORG
would	O
continue	O
to	O
stand	O
side	O
by	O
side	O
with	O
their	O
Kurdish	O
compatriots	O
and	O
the	O
resistance	O
movement	O
in	O
Iranian	O
Kurdistan	O
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
Rajavi	O
emphasised	O
that	O
the	O
Iranian	O
Resistance	O
would	O
continue	O
to	O
stand	O
side	O
by	O
side	O
with	O
their	O
Kurdish	B-MISC
compatriots	T-1
and	O
the	O
resistance	T-2
movement	T-2
in	O
Iranian	O
Kurdistan	O
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	T-0
.	O

"	O
Rajavi	O
emphasised	O
that	O
the	O
Iranian	O
Resistance	O
would	O
continue	O
to	O
stand	T-3
side	T-3
by	T-3
side	T-3
with	O
their	O
Kurdish	O
compatriots	O
and	O
the	O
resistance	O
movement	T-2
in	T-0
Iranian	B-LOC
Kurdistan	I-LOC
,	O
"	O
it	T-1
said	T-1
.	O

A	O
spokesman	O
for	O
the	O
group	O
said	T-1
the	O
meeting	O
"	O
signals	O
a	O
new	O
level	O
of	O
cooperation	T-0
between	O
Mujahideen	B-ORG
Khalq	I-ORG
and	O
the	O
Iranian	O
Kurdish	O
oppositions	T-2
"	O
.	O

A	O
spokesman	O
for	O
the	O
group	O
said	O
the	O
meeting	O
"	O
signals	O
a	O
new	O
level	O
of	O
cooperation	T-0
between	O
Mujahideen	T-1
Khalq	T-1
and	T-1
the	T-1
Iranian	B-MISC
Kurdish	I-MISC
oppositions	T-2
"	O
.	O

Iran	B-LOC
heavily	O
bombarded	O
targets	T-1
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	T-0
in	O
July	O
in	O
pursuit	O
of	O
KDPI	T-2
guerrillas	T-2
based	T-2
in	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
areas	O
outside	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
.	O

Iran	T-0
heavily	O
bombarded	O
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	B-LOC
in	O
July	O
in	O
pursuit	O
of	O
KDPI	O
guerrillas	O
based	O
in	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
areas	O
outside	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
.	T-1

Iran	O
heavily	O
bombarded	O
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
in	O
July	O
in	O
pursuit	O
of	O
KDPI	B-ORG
guerrillas	T-1
based	T-0
in	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
areas	O
outside	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
.	O

Iran	O
heavily	O
bombarded	T-0
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	T-3
in	O
July	O
in	O
pursuit	T-1
of	O
KDPI	O
guerrillas	O
based	T-2
in	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurdish	I-MISC
areas	O
outside	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
government	O
in	O
Baghdad	O
.	O

Iran	T-0
heavily	O
bombarded	T-1
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
in	O
July	O
in	O
pursuit	O
of	O
KDPI	O
guerrillas	T-2
based	O
in	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
areas	T-3
outside	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
government	T-4
in	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
.	O

Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurdish	I-MISC
areas	O
bordering	T-0
Iran	O
are	O
under	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
guerrillas	O
of	O
the	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
Patriotic	O
Union	O
of	O
Kurdistan	O
(	O
PUK	O
)	O
group	O
.	O

Iraqi	T-1
Kurdish	T-1
areas	T-1
bordering	T-1
Iran	B-LOC
are	O
under	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
guerrillas	O
of	O
the	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
Patriotic	O
Union	T-2
of	O
Kurdistan	O
(	O
PUK	O
)	O
group	T-0
.	O

Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
areas	O
bordering	O
Iran	O
are	O
under	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
guerrillas	O
of	T-1
the	T-1
Iraqi	B-ORG
Kurdish	I-ORG
Patriotic	I-ORG
Union	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Kurdistan	I-ORG
(	O
PUK	O
)	O
group	T-0
.	O

Iraqi	T-0
Kurdish	T-0
areas	O
bordering	O
Iran	O
are	O
under	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
guerrillas	O
of	O
the	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
Patriotic	O
Union	O
of	O
Kurdistan	O
(	O
PUK	B-ORG
)	O
group	O
.	O

PUK	B-ORG
and	O
Iraq	O
's	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	T-4
Party	O
(	O
KDP	O
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	T-3
factions	T-3
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
under	O
their	O
control	T-0
since	O
Iraqi	O
forces	O
were	O
ousted	T-1
from	O
Kuwait	T-2
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	O
War	O
.	O

PUK	T-3
and	T-2
Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
(	O
KDP	O
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
factions	O
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
under	O
their	O
control	T-0
since	O
Iraqi	O
forces	O
were	O
ousted	T-1
from	O
Kuwait	O
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	O
War	O
.	O

PUK	T-1
and	O
Iraq	O
's	O
Kurdistan	B-ORG
Democratic	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
(	O
KDP	T-0
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
factions	O
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
under	O
their	O
control	O
since	O
Iraqi	O
forces	O
were	O
ousted	O
from	O
Kuwait	O
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	O
War	O
.	O

PUK	T-1
and	O
Iraq	O
's	O
Kurdistan	T-2
Democratic	T-2
Party	T-2
(	O
KDP	B-ORG
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	T-0
factions	T-0
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
under	O
their	O
control	O
since	O
Iraqi	O
forces	O
were	O
ousted	O
from	O
Kuwait	O
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	O
War	O
.	O

PUK	T-5
and	O
Iraq	T-3
's	O
Kurdistan	T-6
Democratic	O
Party	T-7
(	O
KDP	O
)	O
the	O
two	T-0
main	T-0
Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurdish	I-MISC
factions	T-1
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
under	T-2
their	T-2
control	T-2
since	O
Iraqi	O
forces	O
were	O
ousted	O
from	O
Kuwait	O
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	T-4
War	T-4
.	O

PUK	T-0
and	O
Iraq	T-1
's	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
(	O
KDP	O
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
factions	O
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	T-3
Iraq	B-LOC
under	O
their	O
control	O
since	O
Iraqi	O
forces	O
were	O
ousted	O
from	O
Kuwait	T-2
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	O
War	O
.	O

PUK	T-0
and	O
Iraq	O
's	O
Kurdistan	T-1
Democratic	T-1
Party	T-1
(	O
KDP	O
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
factions	O
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	T-2
Iraq	T-2
under	O
their	O
control	O
since	T-3
Iraqi	B-MISC
forces	O
were	O
ousted	T-4
from	O
Kuwait	O
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	O
War	O
.	O

PUK	O
and	O
Iraq	O
's	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
(	O
KDP	O
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
factions	O
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
under	O
their	O
control	T-0
since	O
Iraqi	O
forces	O
were	O
ousted	T-1
from	O
Kuwait	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	O
War	O
.	O

PUK	O
and	O
Iraq	O
's	O
Kurdistan	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
(	O
KDP	O
)	O
the	O
two	O
main	O
Iraqi	O
Kurdish	O
factions	O
,	O
have	O
had	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
under	O
their	O
control	T-1
since	O
Iraqi	O
forces	T-0
were	O
ousted	T-2
from	O
Kuwait	O
in	O
the	O
1991	O
Gulf	B-MISC
War	I-MISC
.	O

Clashes	T-0
between	O
the	O
two	O
parties	T-2
broke	O
out	O
at	O
the	O
weekend	O
in	O
the	O
most	O
serious	O
fighting	O
since	O
a	O
U.S.-sponsored	B-MISC
ceasefire	T-1
last	O
year	O
.	O

Mujahideen	B-ORG
Khalq	I-ORG
said	T-0
Iranian	T-1
troops	O
had	O
also	O
been	O
shelling	O
KDP	O
positions	O
in	O
Qasri	O
region	O
in	O
Suleimaniya	O
province	O
near	O
the	O
Iranian	O
border	O
over	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
days	O
.	O

Mujahideen	T-3
Khalq	O
said	T-0
Iranian	B-MISC
troops	T-1
had	O
also	O
been	O
shelling	T-2
KDP	O
positions	O
in	O
Qasri	O
region	O
in	O
Suleimaniya	O
province	O
near	O
the	O
Iranian	O
border	O
over	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
days	O
.	O

Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
said	T-0
Iranian	O
troops	O
had	O
also	O
been	O
shelling	O
KDP	B-ORG
positions	T-1
in	O
Qasri	O
region	O
in	O
Suleimaniya	O
province	O
near	O
the	O
Iranian	O
border	O
over	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
days	O
.	O

Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
said	O
Iranian	O
troops	O
had	O
also	O
been	O
shelling	O
KDP	O
positions	O
in	O
Qasri	B-LOC
region	T-0
in	O
Suleimaniya	O
province	O
near	O
the	O
Iranian	O
border	T-1
over	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
days	O
.	O

Mujahideen	O
Khalq	O
said	O
Iranian	O
troops	O
had	O
also	O
been	O
shelling	O
KDP	T-0
positions	T-0
in	O
Qasri	T-2
region	T-2
in	T-4
Suleimaniya	B-LOC
province	T-5
near	T-1
the	T-1
Iranian	T-3
border	T-3
over	O
the	O
last	O
two	O
days	O
.	O

Mujahideen	T-1
Khalq	T-1
said	O
Iranian	O
troops	O
had	O
also	O
been	O
shelling	O
KDP	O
positions	O
in	O
Qasri	O
region	O
in	O
Suleimaniya	O
province	T-0
near	O
the	O
Iranian	B-MISC
border	T-2
over	T-2
the	T-2
last	T-2
two	T-2
days	T-2
.	T-2

It	O
said	O
about	O
100	T-0
Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurds	I-MISC
were	O
killed	O
or	O
wounded	T-1
in	O
the	O
attack	O
.	O

Both	T-0
Iran	B-LOC
and	O
Turkey	O
mount	O
air	O
and	O
land	O
strikes	O
at	O
targets	T-1
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
in	O
pursuit	O
of	O
their	O
own	O
Kurdish	O
rebels	O
.	O

Both	O
Iran	T-1
and	O
Turkey	B-LOC
mount	T-3
air	O
and	O
land	O
strikes	O
at	O
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	T-2
in	O
pursuit	T-4
of	O
their	O
own	O
Kurdish	T-0
rebels	T-0
.	O

Both	O
Iran	O
and	O
Turkey	O
mount	T-0
air	O
and	O
land	O
strikes	O
at	O
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	B-LOC
in	O
pursuit	T-1
of	O
their	O
own	O
Kurdish	T-2
rebels	O
.	O

Both	O
Iran	O
and	O
Turkey	O
mount	O
air	O
and	O
land	O
strikes	O
at	O
targets	O
in	O
northern	O
Iraq	O
in	O
pursuit	T-0
of	O
their	O
own	T-1
Kurdish	B-MISC
rebels	T-2
.	O

A	O
U.S.-led	B-MISC
air	O
force	O
in	O
southern	O
Turkey	O
protects	T-0
Iraqi	T-1
Kurds	T-1
from	O
possible	O
attacks	O
by	O
Baghdad	O
troops	O
.	O

A	O
U.S.-led	O
air	O
force	O
in	T-3
southern	T-3
Turkey	B-LOC
protects	T-1
Iraqi	O
Kurds	T-0
from	O
possible	O
attacks	O
by	O
Baghdad	T-2
troops	T-2
.	O

A	O
U.S.-led	T-0
air	O
force	O
in	O
southern	O
Turkey	O
protects	T-3
Iraqi	B-MISC
Kurds	I-MISC
from	T-2
possible	T-2
attacks	T-2
by	O
Baghdad	O
troops	O
.	T-3

A	O
U.S.-led	O
air	O
force	O
in	O
southern	O
Turkey	T-1
protects	O
Iraqi	T-2
Kurds	T-2
from	O
possible	O
attacks	O
by	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
troops	T-0
.	O

Saudi	B-MISC
riyal	O
rates	T-1
steady	T-0
in	O
quiet	O
summer	O
trade	O
.	O

The	O
spot	T-1
Saudi	B-MISC
riyal	T-2
against	O
the	O
dollar	T-0
and	O
riyal	O
interbank	O
deposit	O
rates	O
were	O
mainly	O
steady	O
this	O
week	O
in	O
quiet	O
summer	O
trade	O
,	O
dealers	O
in	O
the	O
kingdom	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
were	O
no	O
changes	T-0
in	O
Saudi	B-MISC
riyal	O
rates	T-1
.	O

One-month	B-MISC
interbank	T-1
deposits	T-0
were	O
at	O
5-1/2	O
,	O
3/8	O
percent	O
,	O
three	O
months	O
were	O
5-5/8	O
,	O
1/2	O
percent	O
and	O
six	O
months	O
were	O
5-3/4	O
,	O
5/8	O
percent	O
.	O

One-year	B-MISC
funds	T-1
were	T-0
at	O
six	O
,	O
5-7/8	O
percent	O
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
approves	T-0
Arafat	O
's	O
flight	O
to	O
West	O
Bank	T-1
.	T-1

Israel	T-1
approves	O
Arafat	B-PER
's	O
flight	T-0
to	O
West	O
Bank	O
.	O

Israel	O
approves	O
Arafat	O
's	O
flight	T-0
to	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
.	O

Israel	B-LOC
gave	O
Palestinian	O
President	O
Yasser	T-0
Arafat	T-0
permission	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
fly	O
over	O
its	O
territory	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
,	O
ending	O
a	O
brief	O
Israeli-PLO	O
crisis	O
,	O
an	O
Arafat	O
adviser	O
said	O
.	O

Israel	T-4
gave	T-2
Palestinian	B-MISC
President	O
Yasser	T-0
Arafat	T-0
permission	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
fly	O
over	O
its	O
territory	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
,	O
ending	O
a	O
brief	O
Israeli-PLO	T-1
crisis	O
,	O
an	O
Arafat	O
adviser	O
said	O
.	T-1

Israel	O
gave	T-1
Palestinian	O
President	T-0
Yasser	B-PER
Arafat	I-PER
permission	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
fly	O
over	O
its	O
territory	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
,	O
ending	O
a	O
brief	O
Israeli-PLO	O
crisis	O
,	O
an	O
Arafat	O
adviser	O
said	O
.	O

Israel	O
gave	T-4
Palestinian	T-1
President	T-1
Yasser	T-1
Arafat	T-1
permission	T-5
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
fly	T-6
over	O
its	T-0
territory	T-2
to	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
,	O
ending	T-3
a	O
brief	O
Israeli-PLO	O
crisis	O
,	O
an	O
Arafat	O
adviser	O
said	O
.	O

Israel	O
gave	O
Palestinian	O
President	O
Yasser	O
Arafat	T-0
permission	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
fly	O
over	O
its	O
territory	T-1
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
,	O
ending	O
a	T-2
brief	T-2
Israeli-PLO	B-MISC
crisis	T-3
,	O
an	O
Arafat	O
adviser	O
said	O
.	O

Israel	O
gave	T-0
Palestinian	O
President	O
Yasser	O
Arafat	O
permission	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
fly	O
over	O
its	O
territory	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
,	O
ending	T-2
a	O
brief	O
Israeli-PLO	O
crisis	O
,	O
an	T-1
Arafat	B-PER
adviser	O
said	O
.	O

The	T-0
president	T-0
's	O
aircraft	O
has	O
received	O
permission	O
to	O
pass	T-3
through	T-3
Israeli	B-MISC
airspace	T-4
but	O
the	T-1
president	T-1
is	O
not	O
expected	O
to	O
travel	O
to	O
the	O
West	T-2
Bank	T-2
before	O
Monday	O
,	O
"	O
Nabil	O
Abu	O
Rdainah	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

The	O
president	T-1
's	O
aircraft	O
has	O
received	O
permission	O
to	O
pass	O
through	O
Israeli	O
airspace	O
but	O
the	O
president	O
is	O
not	O
expected	O
to	O
travel	T-0
to	T-0
the	T-0
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
before	O
Monday	O
,	O
"	O
Nabil	O
Abu	O
Rdainah	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

The	O
president	O
's	O
aircraft	O
has	O
received	O
permission	T-1
to	O
pass	O
through	O
Israeli	O
airspace	O
but	O
the	O
president	O
is	O
not	O
expected	O
to	O
travel	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
before	O
Monday	O
,	O
"	O
Nabil	B-PER
Abu	I-PER
Rdainah	I-PER
told	T-0
Reuters	O
.	O

The	O
president	T-2
's	T-2
aircraft	T-2
has	O
received	O
permission	O
to	O
pass	O
through	O
Israeli	T-0
airspace	T-0
but	O
the	O
president	O
is	O
not	O
expected	O
to	O
travel	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
before	O
Monday	O
,	O
"	O
Nabil	T-3
Abu	T-3
Rdainah	T-3
told	T-1
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

Arafat	B-PER
had	O
been	O
scheduled	T-1
to	O
meet	T-0
former	T-2
Israeli	O
prime	O
minister	O
Shimon	O
Peres	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	O
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	O
was	O
changed	O
to	O
Gaza	O
after	O
Israel	O
denied	O
flight	O
clearance	T-3
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Arafat	O
had	O
been	O
scheduled	O
to	O
meet	O
former	T-1
Israeli	B-MISC
prime	T-2
minister	O
Shimon	T-3
Peres	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	O
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	T-0
was	O
changed	O
to	O
Gaza	O
after	O
Israel	O
denied	O
flight	O
clearance	O
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Arafat	T-1
had	O
been	O
scheduled	O
to	O
meet	O
former	O
Israeli	O
prime	T-0
minister	T-0
Shimon	B-PER
Peres	I-PER
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	O
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	O
was	O
changed	O
to	O
Gaza	O
after	O
Israel	O
denied	O
flight	O
clearance	O
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Arafat	O
had	O
been	O
scheduled	O
to	O
meet	O
former	O
Israeli	O
prime	O
minister	O
Shimon	O
Peres	O
in	T-1
the	T-1
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	O
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	T-0
was	O
changed	O
to	O
Gaza	O
after	O
Israel	O
denied	O
flight	O
clearance	O
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Arafat	O
had	O
been	O
scheduled	O
to	O
meet	O
former	O
Israeli	T-0
prime	O
minister	O
Shimon	O
Peres	O
in	O
the	O
West	T-1
Bank	T-1
town	T-3
of	T-3
Ramallah	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	O
was	O
changed	O
to	O
Gaza	T-2
after	O
Israel	O
denied	O
flight	O
clearance	O
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Arafat	O
had	O
been	O
scheduled	T-3
to	O
meet	O
former	O
Israeli	O
prime	O
minister	O
Shimon	O
Peres	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	T-0
was	T-1
changed	T-1
to	O
Gaza	B-LOC
after	O
Israel	O
denied	O
flight	O
clearance	O
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Arafat	T-0
had	O
been	O
scheduled	O
to	O
meet	T-2
former	O
Israeli	O
prime	O
minister	O
Shimon	O
Peres	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	O
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	O
was	O
changed	T-3
to	O
Gaza	O
after	O
Israel	B-LOC
denied	T-1
flight	O
clearance	O
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Arafat	O
had	O
been	O
scheduled	T-2
to	O
meet	O
former	O
Israeli	T-0
prime	T-0
minister	T-0
Shimon	T-0
Peres	T-0
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	O
on	O
Thursday	O
but	O
the	O
venue	O
was	O
changed	O
to	O
Gaza	O
after	O
Israel	O
denied	T-1
flight	T-1
clearance	T-1
to	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-MISC
leader	O
's	O
helicopters	O
.	O

Palestinian	B-MISC
officials	T-1
accused	T-0
right-wing	T-2
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
Ramallah	O
meeting	O
by	O
keeping	O
Arafat	O
grounded	O
.	O

Palestinian	O
officials	O
accused	T-0
right-wing	O
Prime	O
Minister	T-1
Benjamin	B-PER
Netanyahu	I-PER
of	O
trying	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
Ramallah	O
meeting	O
by	O
keeping	O
Arafat	O
grounded	O
.	O

Palestinian	O
officials	O
accused	O
right-wing	O
Prime	T-0
Minister	T-0
Benjamin	T-0
Netanyahu	T-0
of	O
trying	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
Ramallah	B-LOC
meeting	O
by	O
keeping	O
Arafat	T-1
grounded	O
.	O

Palestinian	O
officials	O
accused	T-1
right-wing	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
Ramallah	O
meeting	T-0
by	O
keeping	O
Arafat	B-PER
grounded	O
.	O

Arafat	B-PER
subsequently	T-2
cancelled	T-1
a	O
meeting	O
between	O
Israeli	T-3
and	O
PLO	O
officials	O
,	O
on	O
civilian	T-4
affairs	T-4
,	O
at	O
the	O
Allenby	O
Bridge	O
crossing	O
between	T-0
Jordan	O
and	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
.	O

Arafat	O
subsequently	O
cancelled	O
a	O
meeting	T-1
between	T-0
Israeli	B-MISC
and	O
PLO	T-2
officials	O
,	O
on	O
civilian	O
affairs	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
Allenby	O
Bridge	O
crossing	O
between	O
Jordan	O
and	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
.	O

Arafat	T-0
subsequently	O
cancelled	O
a	O
meeting	O
between	O
Israeli	T-1
and	O
PLO	B-ORG
officials	O
,	O
on	O
civilian	T-2
affairs	T-2
,	O
at	O
the	O
Allenby	O
Bridge	O
crossing	O
between	O
Jordan	O
and	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
.	O

Arafat	O
subsequently	T-0
cancelled	O
a	O
meeting	O
between	O
Israeli	O
and	O
PLO	O
officials	O
,	O
on	O
civilian	O
affairs	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
Allenby	B-LOC
Bridge	I-LOC
crossing	T-1
between	O
Jordan	O
and	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
.	O

Arafat	O
subsequently	O
cancelled	O
a	O
meeting	O
between	O
Israeli	O
and	O
PLO	O
officials	O
,	O
on	O
civilian	O
affairs	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
Allenby	T-0
Bridge	T-2
crossing	T-3
between	T-3
Jordan	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
West	T-1
Bank	T-1
.	T-2

Arafat	O
subsequently	O
cancelled	O
a	O
meeting	O
between	O
Israeli	O
and	O
PLO	O
officials	O
,	O
on	O
civilian	O
affairs	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
Allenby	O
Bridge	O
crossing	T-0
between	O
Jordan	O
and	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
.	O

Abu	B-PER
Rdainah	I-PER
said	T-0
Arafat	T-1
had	O
decided	T-3
against	T-3
flying	T-3
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
after	O
Israel	O
lifted	O
the	O
ban	T-2
,	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
a	O
busy	T-4
schedule	T-4
in	T-4
Gaza	T-4
and	O
would	O
not	T-5
be	T-5
free	T-5
until	T-5
Monday	T-5
.	O

Abu	T-1
Rdainah	T-1
said	O
Arafat	B-PER
had	O
decided	T-5
against	O
flying	O
to	O
the	O
West	T-2
Bank	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
after	O
Israel	T-3
lifted	O
the	O
ban	O
,	O
because	O
he	T-0
had	T-0
a	O
busy	O
schedule	O
in	O
Gaza	T-4
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
free	O
until	O
Monday	O
.	O

Abu	T-3
Rdainah	T-3
said	T-0
Arafat	O
had	O
decided	T-1
against	O
flying	T-4
to	T-4
the	T-4
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
after	O
Israel	O
lifted	O
the	O
ban	T-2
,	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
a	O
busy	O
schedule	O
in	O
Gaza	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
free	O
until	O
Monday	O
.	O

Abu	O
Rdainah	O
said	O
Arafat	O
had	O
decided	T-1
against	O
flying	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
West	T-2
Bank	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
after	O
Israel	B-LOC
lifted	T-4
the	T-4
ban	T-4
,	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
a	O
busy	O
schedule	O
in	O
Gaza	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
free	O
until	T-3
Monday	T-3
.	O

Abu	T-3
Rdainah	T-3
said	T-1
Arafat	T-4
had	O
decided	O
against	O
flying	T-0
to	O
the	O
West	T-2
Bank	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
after	O
Israel	T-5
lifted	O
the	O
ban	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
a	O
busy	O
schedule	O
in	O
Gaza	B-LOC
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
free	O
until	O
Monday	O
.	O

Arafat	B-PER
to	O
meet	T-0
Peres	O
in	O
Gaza	O
after	O
flight	O
ban	O
.	O

Arafat	O
to	O
meet	T-0
Peres	B-PER
in	O
Gaza	T-1
after	O
flight	O
ban	O
.	O

Arafat	T-1
to	O
meet	O
Peres	O
in	O
Gaza	B-LOC
after	O
flight	T-0
ban	O
.	O

Yasser	B-PER
Arafat	I-PER
will	O
meet	T-0
Shimon	T-1
Peres	T-1
in	O
Gaza	O
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
Palestinians	O
said	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Israeli	O
government	O
had	O
barred	T-2
the	T-2
Palestinian	T-2
leader	T-2
from	O
flying	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
the	O
former	O
prime	O
minister	O
.	O

Yasser	O
Arafat	O
will	T-1
meet	T-3
Shimon	B-PER
Peres	I-PER
in	O
Gaza	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
Palestinians	O
said	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Israeli	O
government	O
had	O
barred	T-4
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
from	O
flying	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
the	O
former	T-2
prime	T-2
minister	T-2
.	O

Yasser	O
Arafat	O
will	O
meet	O
Shimon	T-2
Peres	T-2
in	O
Gaza	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
Palestinians	T-0
said	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Israeli	O
government	O
had	O
barred	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
leader	O
from	O
flying	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
the	O
former	T-1
prime	T-1
minister	T-1
.	O

Yasser	T-0
Arafat	T-0
will	O
meet	T-4
Shimon	T-1
Peres	T-1
in	O
Gaza	T-7
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
Palestinians	B-MISC
said	T-5
the	O
right-wing	O
Israeli	T-2
government	O
had	O
barred	O
the	O
Palestinian	T-3
leader	O
from	O
flying	T-6
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
the	O
former	O
prime	O
minister	O
.	O

Yasser	T-1
Arafat	T-1
will	O
meet	T-2
Shimon	O
Peres	O
in	O
Gaza	O
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
Palestinians	O
said	T-3
the	O
right-wing	T-0
Israeli	B-MISC
government	O
had	O
barred	T-4
the	O
Palestinian	T-5
leader	T-5
from	O
flying	O
to	O
the	O
West	T-6
Bank	T-6
for	O
talks	O
with	O
the	O
former	O
prime	T-7
minister	T-7
.	O

Yasser	O
Arafat	O
will	O
meet	O
Shimon	O
Peres	O
in	O
Gaza	O
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
Palestinians	O
said	T-2
the	T-1
right-wing	T-1
Israeli	T-1
government	T-1
had	T-1
barred	T-1
the	T-1
Palestinian	B-MISC
leader	T-0
from	O
flying	T-3
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
the	O
former	O
prime	O
minister	O
.	O

Yasser	T-0
Arafat	T-0
will	O
meet	T-6
Shimon	T-1
Peres	T-1
in	O
Gaza	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
Palestinians	T-3
said	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Israeli	T-4
government	T-4
had	O
barred	O
the	O
Palestinian	T-5
leader	O
from	O
flying	T-7
to	T-8
the	T-8
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
for	O
talks	O
with	O
the	O
former	O
prime	O
minister	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
meeting	T-3
between	T-3
Peres	B-PER
and	O
Arafat	O
will	O
take	O
place	O
at	O
Erez	O
checkpoint	O
in	O
Gaza	O
and	O
not	O
in	O
Ramallah	O
as	O
planned	T-1
,	O
"	O
Peres	O
'	O
office	O
said	T-2
.	O

"	O
The	O
meeting	T-0
between	O
Peres	T-1
and	O
Arafat	B-PER
will	O
take	O
place	O
at	O
Erez	O
checkpoint	O
in	O
Gaza	O
and	O
not	O
in	O
Ramallah	O
as	O
planned	O
,	O
"	O
Peres	O
'	O
office	O
said	T-2
.	O

"	O
The	O
meeting	O
between	O
Peres	T-2
and	O
Arafat	T-3
will	O
take	O
place	O
at	T-1
Erez	B-LOC
checkpoint	O
in	O
Gaza	T-4
and	O
not	O
in	O
Ramallah	T-5
as	O
planned	T-0
,	O
"	O
Peres	O
'	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
meeting	O
between	O
Peres	O
and	O
Arafat	O
will	O
take	O
place	O
at	O
Erez	T-0
checkpoint	T-0
in	T-2
Gaza	B-LOC
and	T-3
not	T-3
in	T-3
Ramallah	O
as	O
planned	O
,	O
"	O
Peres	O
'	O
office	T-1
said	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
meeting	O
between	O
Peres	O
and	O
Arafat	O
will	O
take	O
place	O
at	O
Erez	O
checkpoint	O
in	O
Gaza	O
and	O
not	T-0
in	T-0
Ramallah	B-LOC
as	O
planned	O
,	O
"	O
Peres	O
'	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
meeting	T-0
between	O
Peres	O
and	O
Arafat	O
will	O
take	T-1
place	T-2
at	O
Erez	O
checkpoint	O
in	O
Gaza	O
and	O
not	O
in	O
Ramallah	O
as	O
planned	T-3
,	O
"	O
Peres	B-PER
'	O
office	O
said	T-4
.	O

Palestinian	B-MISC
officials	T-4
said	O
the	O
Israeli	T-1
government	T-1
had	O
barred	O
Arafat	T-2
from	O
overflying	O
Israel	O
in	O
a	O
Palestinian	O
helicopter	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
bar	O
the	O
meeting	O
with	O
Peres	T-3
.	O

Palestinian	O
officials	T-1
said	T-0
the	T-0
Israeli	B-MISC
government	T-2
had	O
barred	O
Arafat	O
from	O
overflying	O
Israel	O
in	O
a	O
Palestinian	O
helicopter	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
bar	O
the	O
meeting	O
with	O
Peres	O
.	O

Palestinian	T-2
officials	T-2
said	T-3
the	O
Israeli	O
government	T-0
had	T-4
barred	T-4
Arafat	B-PER
from	O
overflying	O
Israel	O
in	O
a	O
Palestinian	T-1
helicopter	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
bar	O
the	O
meeting	O
with	O
Peres	O
.	O

Palestinian	T-0
officials	T-0
said	O
the	O
Israeli	T-3
government	O
had	O
barred	O
Arafat	T-1
from	O
overflying	T-4
Israel	B-LOC
in	O
a	O
Palestinian	T-2
helicopter	T-2
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
bar	O
the	O
meeting	O
with	O
Peres	O
.	O

Palestinian	T-0
officials	O
said	T-5
the	O
Israeli	T-1
government	O
had	O
barred	O
Arafat	T-2
from	O
overflying	T-3
Israel	O
in	O
a	O
Palestinian	B-MISC
helicopter	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	T-4
to	O
bar	O
the	O
meeting	O
with	O
Peres	O
.	O

Palestinian	T-2
officials	T-2
said	O
the	O
Israeli	O
government	O
had	O
barred	O
Arafat	T-3
from	O
overflying	O
Israel	O
in	O
a	O
Palestinian	O
helicopter	T-1
to	T-0
the	T-0
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
bar	O
the	O
meeting	O
with	O
Peres	O
.	O

Palestinian	O
officials	O
said	T-0
the	O
Israeli	O
government	T-1
had	O
barred	T-2
Arafat	T-3
from	O
overflying	O
Israel	O
in	O
a	O
Palestinian	O
helicopter	O
to	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
in	O
an	O
attempt	O
to	O
bar	O
the	O
meeting	O
with	O
Peres	B-PER
.	O

Israeli	B-MISC
Prime	T-3
Minister	T-3
Benjamin	T-4
Netanyahu	T-4
has	O
accused	T-0
opposition	O
leader	O
Peres	O
,	O
who	O
he	O
defeated	T-1
in	O
May	T-2
elections	T-2
,	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
undermine	O
his	O
Likud	O
government	O
's	O
authority	O
to	O
conduct	O
peace	O
talks	O
.	O

Israeli	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	B-PER
Netanyahu	I-PER
has	O
accused	O
opposition	O
leader	O
Peres	T-0
,	O
who	O
he	O
defeated	O
in	O
May	O
elections	O
,	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
undermine	O
his	O
Likud	T-1
government	O
's	O
authority	O
to	O
conduct	O
peace	O
talks	O
.	O

Israeli	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
has	O
accused	T-2
opposition	T-0
leader	T-1
Peres	B-PER
,	O
who	O
he	O
defeated	T-3
in	O
May	O
elections	O
,	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
undermine	O
his	O
Likud	O
government	O
's	O
authority	O
to	O
conduct	O
peace	O
talks	O
.	O

Israeli	O
Prime	T-0
Minister	T-0
Benjamin	O
Netanyahu	O
has	O
accused	T-1
opposition	O
leader	O
Peres	O
,	O
who	O
he	O
defeated	O
in	O
May	O
elections	O
,	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
undermine	O
his	O
Likud	B-ORG
government	O
's	O
authority	T-2
to	O
conduct	O
peace	O
talks	O
.	O

Afghan	B-MISC
UAE	T-0
embassy	T-0
says	T-1
Taleban	O
guards	O
going	O
home	O
.	O

Afghan	O
UAE	B-LOC
embassy	O
says	O
Taleban	T-0
guards	T-0
going	O
home	O
.	O

Afghan	O
UAE	O
embassy	O
says	O
Taleban	B-MISC
guards	T-0
going	O
home	O
.	O

Three	O
Afghan	B-MISC
guards	T-0
brought	O
to	O
the	O
United	T-1
Arab	T-1
Emirates	T-1
last	O
week	O
by	O
Russian	T-2
hostages	T-2
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
the	O
Taleban	O
militia	O
will	O
return	O
to	O
Afghanistan	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
Afghan	O
embassy	O
in	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Three	O
Afghan	O
guards	O
brought	T-1
to	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
Arab	I-LOC
Emirates	I-LOC
last	O
week	O
by	O
Russian	O
hostages	O
who	O
escaped	O
from	T-0
the	O
Taleban	O
militia	O
will	O
return	O
to	O
Afghanistan	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
Afghan	O
embassy	O
in	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Three	O
Afghan	O
guards	O
brought	O
to	O
the	O
United	O
Arab	O
Emirates	T-0
last	O
week	O
by	O
Russian	B-MISC
hostages	T-3
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
the	O
Taleban	O
militia	O
will	O
return	T-2
to	O
Afghanistan	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
Afghan	O
embassy	O
in	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Three	O
Afghan	O
guards	O
brought	O
to	O
the	O
United	T-1
Arab	T-1
Emirates	T-1
last	O
week	O
by	O
Russian	T-2
hostages	O
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
the	O
Taleban	B-MISC
militia	O
will	O
return	T-0
to	O
Afghanistan	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
Afghan	O
embassy	O
in	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Three	O
Afghan	T-0
guards	T-0
brought	T-1
to	O
the	O
United	T-3
Arab	T-3
Emirates	T-3
last	O
week	O
by	O
Russian	O
hostages	O
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
the	O
Taleban	T-4
militia	O
will	O
return	T-2
to	O
Afghanistan	B-LOC
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
Afghan	O
embassy	O
in	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
said	T-5
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Three	O
Afghan	O
guards	O
brought	O
to	O
the	O
United	T-2
Arab	T-2
Emirates	T-2
last	O
week	O
by	O
Russian	O
hostages	O
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
the	O
Taleban	T-4
militia	O
will	O
return	O
to	O
Afghanistan	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
Afghan	B-MISC
embassy	T-1
in	O
Abu	T-3
Dhabi	T-3
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Three	O
Afghan	O
guards	O
brought	O
to	O
the	O
United	O
Arab	O
Emirates	O
last	O
week	O
by	O
Russian	O
hostages	O
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
the	O
Taleban	O
militia	O
will	O
return	O
to	O
Afghanistan	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
the	O
Afghan	O
embassy	T-1
in	T-1
Abu	B-LOC
Dhabi	I-LOC
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
Our	O
ambassador	O
is	O
in	O
touch	T-0
with	O
the	O
UAE	B-LOC
foreign	O
ministry	O
.	O

Their	O
return	T-0
to	T-2
Afghanistan	B-LOC
will	O
take	T-1
place	T-1
in	O
two	O
or	O
three	O
days	O
,	O
"	O
an	O
embassy	O
official	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
Islamic	B-MISC
Taleban	I-MISC
guards	T-0
were	O
overpowered	O
by	O
seven	O
Russian	O
aircrew	O
who	O
escaped	O
to	O
UAE	O
state	O
Sharjah	O
last	O
Friday	O
on	O
board	O
their	O
own	O
aircraft	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
captivity	O
of	O
Taleban	T-1
militia	T-1
in	O
Kandahar	O
in	O
southern	O
Afghanistan	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
Islamic	O
Taleban	O
guards	O
were	O
overpowered	T-1
by	O
seven	O
Russian	B-MISC
aircrew	T-0
who	O
escaped	T-2
to	O
UAE	O
state	O
Sharjah	O
last	O
Friday	O
on	O
board	O
their	O
own	O
aircraft	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
captivity	O
of	O
Taleban	T-3
militia	T-3
in	O
Kandahar	O
in	O
southern	O
Afghanistan	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
Islamic	O
Taleban	T-2
guards	T-0
were	O
overpowered	T-1
by	O
seven	O
Russian	O
aircrew	O
who	O
escaped	T-3
to	T-3
UAE	B-LOC
state	O
Sharjah	O
last	O
Friday	O
on	O
board	O
their	O
own	O
aircraft	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
captivity	O
of	O
Taleban	O
militia	O
in	O
Kandahar	O
in	O
southern	O
Afghanistan	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
Islamic	O
Taleban	O
guards	O
were	O
overpowered	O
by	O
seven	O
Russian	O
aircrew	O
who	O
escaped	O
to	O
UAE	T-2
state	T-2
Sharjah	B-LOC
last	O
Friday	O
on	O
board	T-1
their	O
own	O
aircraft	T-0
after	O
a	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
captivity	O
of	O
Taleban	O
militia	O
in	O
Kandahar	O
in	O
southern	O
Afghanistan	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
Islamic	O
Taleban	O
guards	T-1
were	O
overpowered	T-2
by	O
seven	O
Russian	O
aircrew	O
who	O
escaped	O
to	O
UAE	O
state	O
Sharjah	O
last	O
Friday	O
on	O
board	O
their	O
own	O
aircraft	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
captivity	O
of	O
Taleban	B-MISC
militia	T-0
in	O
Kandahar	O
in	O
southern	O
Afghanistan	O
.	O

The	O
three	O
Islamic	O
Taleban	O
guards	O
were	O
overpowered	O
by	O
seven	O
Russian	O
aircrew	O
who	O
escaped	T-0
to	O
UAE	O
state	O
Sharjah	T-1
last	O
Friday	O
on	O
board	O
their	O
own	O
aircraft	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
captivity	O
of	O
Taleban	T-2
militia	O
in	O
Kandahar	B-LOC
in	O
southern	O
Afghanistan	T-3
.	O

The	O
three	O
Islamic	T-0
Taleban	T-0
guards	T-0
were	O
overpowered	T-2
by	O
seven	O
Russian	T-1
aircrew	O
who	O
escaped	O
to	O
UAE	T-3
state	O
Sharjah	T-5
last	O
Friday	O
on	O
board	O
their	O
own	O
aircraft	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
captivity	O
of	O
Taleban	T-4
militia	O
in	O
Kandahar	T-6
in	O
southern	O
Afghanistan	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
UAE	B-LOC
said	T-1
on	O
Monday	O
it	O
would	O
hand	O
over	O
the	O
three	O
to	O
the	O
International	T-0
Red	T-0
Crescent	T-0
,	O
possibly	O
last	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

The	O
UAE	O
said	T-1
on	O
Monday	O
it	O
would	O
hand	T-0
over	T-0
the	O
three	O
to	O
the	O
International	B-ORG
Red	I-ORG
Crescent	I-ORG
,	O
possibly	O
last	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

When	O
asked	O
whether	O
the	O
three	O
guards	O
would	O
travel	T-0
back	T-0
to	T-0
Kandahar	B-LOC
or	O
the	O
Afghan	O
capital	T-1
Kabul	O
,	O
the	O
embassy	O
official	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
That	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
decided	O
,	O
but	O
possibly	O
Kandahar	O
.	O
"	O

When	O
asked	T-0
whether	O
the	O
three	O
guards	O
would	O
travel	O
back	O
to	O
Kandahar	O
or	O
the	O
Afghan	B-MISC
capital	O
Kabul	O
,	O
the	O
embassy	O
official	T-1
said	O
:	O
"	O
That	O
has	O
not	O
been	O
decided	O
,	O
but	O
possibly	O
Kandahar	O
.	O
"	O

When	O
asked	O
whether	O
the	O
three	O
guards	O
would	O
travel	T-2
back	O
to	T-3
Kandahar	O
or	O
the	O
Afghan	O
capital	T-0
Kabul	O
,	O
the	O
embassy	O
official	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
That	T-1
has	T-1
not	T-1
been	T-1
decided	T-1
,	T-1
but	T-1
possibly	T-1
Kandahar	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

Kandahar	B-LOC
is	O
the	O
headquarters	O
of	O
the	O
opposition	O
Taleban	T-0
militia	T-0
.	O

Kandahar	O
is	O
the	O
headquarters	O
of	O
the	O
opposition	O
Taleban	B-MISC
militia	T-0
.	O

Kabul	B-LOC
is	T-1
controlled	T-1
by	T-1
President	O
Burhanuddin	O
Rabbani	O
's	O
government	T-0
,	O
which	O
Taleban	O
is	O
fighting	T-2
to	T-2
overthrow	T-2
.	O

Kabul	O
is	O
controlled	O
by	O
President	T-0
Burhanuddin	B-PER
Rabbani	I-PER
's	O
government	T-1
,	O
which	O
Taleban	T-2
is	O
fighting	O
to	O
overthrow	O
.	O

Kabul	T-0
is	O
controlled	O
by	O
President	O
Burhanuddin	O
Rabbani	O
's	O
government	O
,	O
which	O
Taleban	B-MISC
is	T-1
fighting	T-1
to	T-1
overthrow	T-1
.	O

The	O
embassy	O
official	O
said	O
the	O
three	O
men	O
,	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
their	O
20s	O
,	O
were	O
currently	T-0
in	T-0
Abu	B-LOC
Dhabi	I-LOC
.	O

The	T-1
Russians	B-MISC
,	O
working	T-2
for	O
the	O
Aerostan	O
firm	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	O
republic	O
of	O
Tatarstan	O
,	O
were	T-0
taken	T-0
hostage	O
after	O
a	O
Taleban	O
MiG-19	O
fighter	O
forced	O
their	O
cargo	O
plane	O
to	O
land	O
in	O
August	O
1995	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	O
,	O
working	T-0
for	T-0
the	T-0
Aerostan	B-ORG
firm	T-1
in	O
the	O
Russian	O
republic	O
of	O
Tatarstan	O
,	O
were	O
taken	O
hostage	O
after	O
a	O
Taleban	O
MiG-19	O
fighter	O
forced	O
their	O
cargo	O
plane	O
to	O
land	O
in	O
August	O
1995	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	T-0
,	O
working	O
for	O
the	O
Aerostan	O
firm	O
in	T-5
the	T-5
Russian	B-MISC
republic	O
of	O
Tatarstan	T-1
,	O
were	O
taken	O
hostage	T-2
after	O
a	O
Taleban	T-3
MiG-19	O
fighter	O
forced	O
their	O
cargo	T-4
plane	T-4
to	O
land	O
in	O
August	O
1995	O
.	T-3

The	O
Russians	O
,	O
working	T-1
for	O
the	O
Aerostan	O
firm	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	T-0
republic	T-0
of	T-0
Tatarstan	B-LOC
,	O
were	O
taken	O
hostage	O
after	O
a	O
Taleban	O
MiG-19	O
fighter	O
forced	O
their	O
cargo	O
plane	O
to	O
land	O
in	O
August	O
1995	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	O
,	O
working	O
for	O
the	O
Aerostan	T-2
firm	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	O
republic	O
of	O
Tatarstan	O
,	O
were	O
taken	O
hostage	T-0
after	O
a	O
Taleban	B-MISC
MiG-19	O
fighter	O
forced	T-1
their	O
cargo	O
plane	O
to	O
land	O
in	O
August	O
1995	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	O
,	O
working	O
for	O
the	O
Aerostan	O
firm	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	O
republic	O
of	O
Tatarstan	O
,	O
were	O
taken	O
hostage	O
after	O
a	O
Taleban	T-0
MiG-19	B-MISC
fighter	T-1
forced	O
their	O
cargo	O
plane	O
to	O
land	O
in	O
August	O
1995	O
.	O

Taleban	B-MISC
said	O
its	O
shipment	T-3
of	O
ammunition	T-0
from	O
Albania	T-1
was	O
evidence	O
of	O
Russian	T-2
military	O
support	O
for	O
Rabbani	O
's	O
government	O
.	O

Taleban	T-1
said	O
its	O
shipment	O
of	O
ammunition	O
from	T-0
Albania	B-LOC
was	O
evidence	O
of	O
Russian	T-2
military	O
support	O
for	O
Rabbani	O
's	O
government	O
.	O

Taleban	O
said	O
its	O
shipment	O
of	O
ammunition	O
from	O
Albania	T-2
was	O
evidence	T-1
of	O
Russian	B-MISC
military	T-0
support	O
for	O
Rabbani	O
's	O
government	O
.	O

Taleban	T-1
said	O
its	O
shipment	O
of	O
ammunition	O
from	O
Albania	O
was	O
evidence	O
of	O
Russian	O
military	O
support	O
for	T-0
Rabbani	B-PER
's	O
government	T-2
.	O

The	O
Russians	B-MISC
,	O
who	T-4
said	T-4
they	O
overpowered	T-2
the	T-3
guards	T-3
--	O
two	O
armed	O
with	O
Kalashnikov	O
automatic	O
rifles	O
--	O
while	O
doing	O
regular	O
maintenance	O
work	O
on	O
their	O
Ilyushin	O
76	O
cargo	O
plane	O
last	O
Friday	O
,	O
left	O
the	O
UAE	T-1
capital	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
for	O
home	O
on	O
Sunday	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	O
,	O
who	O
said	T-0
they	O
overpowered	O
the	O
guards	O
--	O
two	O
armed	O
with	O
Kalashnikov	B-MISC
automatic	O
rifles	O
--	O
while	O
doing	O
regular	O
maintenance	O
work	O
on	O
their	O
Ilyushin	O
76	O
cargo	O
plane	O
last	O
Friday	O
,	O
left	O
the	O
UAE	T-1
capital	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
for	O
home	O
on	O
Sunday	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	T-1
,	O
who	O
said	O
they	O
overpowered	O
the	O
guards	T-2
--	O
two	O
armed	O
with	O
Kalashnikov	T-3
automatic	O
rifles	O
--	O
while	O
doing	O
regular	T-4
maintenance	T-0
work	T-0
on	T-0
their	T-0
Ilyushin	B-MISC
76	I-MISC
cargo	O
plane	O
last	O
Friday	O
,	O
left	O
the	O
UAE	O
capital	O
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
for	O
home	O
on	O
Sunday	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	T-1
,	O
who	O
said	O
they	O
overpowered	T-0
the	O
guards	O
--	O
two	O
armed	O
with	O
Kalashnikov	T-2
automatic	T-2
rifles	T-2
--	O
while	O
doing	O
regular	O
maintenance	O
work	O
on	O
their	O
Ilyushin	O
76	O
cargo	O
plane	O
last	O
Friday	O
,	O
left	O
the	T-3
UAE	B-LOC
capital	T-4
Abu	O
Dhabi	O
for	O
home	O
on	O
Sunday	O
.	O

The	O
Russians	T-0
,	O
who	O
said	T-1
they	O
overpowered	O
the	O
guards	O
--	O
two	O
armed	O
with	O
Kalashnikov	T-2
automatic	O
rifles	O
--	O
while	O
doing	O
regular	O
maintenance	O
work	O
on	O
their	O
Ilyushin	T-4
76	O
cargo	O
plane	O
last	O
Friday	O
,	O
left	O
the	O
UAE	T-3
capital	O
Abu	B-LOC
Dhabi	I-LOC
for	O
home	O
on	O
Sunday	O
.	O

Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
Saddam	O
meets	O
Russia	T-0
's	T-0
Zhirinovsky	O
.	O

Iraq	T-1
's	O
Saddam	B-PER
meets	T-0
Russia	O
's	O
Zhirinovsky	T-2
.	O

Iraq	T-2
's	T-2
Saddam	T-2
meets	T-1
Russia	B-LOC
's	O
Zhirinovsky	T-0
.	T-1

Iraq	T-1
's	T-1
Saddam	T-3
meets	T-0
Russia	T-2
's	T-2
Zhirinovsky	B-PER
.	O

Iraqi	B-MISC
President	T-0
Saddam	T-0
Hussein	T-0
has	O
told	T-1
visiting	O
Russian	O
ultra-nationalist	O
Vladimir	O
Zhirinovsky	O
that	O
Baghdad	O
wanted	T-2
to	O
maintain	O
"	O
friendship	T-3
and	T-3
cooperation	T-3
"	O
with	O
Moscow	O
,	O
official	O
Iraqi	O
newspapers	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Iraqi	O
President	O
Saddam	B-PER
Hussein	I-PER
has	O
told	O
visiting	T-0
Russian	O
ultra-nationalist	O
Vladimir	O
Zhirinovsky	O
that	O
Baghdad	O
wanted	O
to	O
maintain	O
"	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
"	O
with	O
Moscow	O
,	O
official	O
Iraqi	O
newspapers	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Iraqi	O
President	O
Saddam	O
Hussein	O
has	O
told	O
visiting	T-0
Russian	B-MISC
ultra-nationalist	O
Vladimir	O
Zhirinovsky	O
that	O
Baghdad	O
wanted	O
to	O
maintain	O
"	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
"	O
with	O
Moscow	O
,	O
official	O
Iraqi	O
newspapers	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Iraqi	O
President	O
Saddam	O
Hussein	O
has	O
told	O
visiting	O
Russian	O
ultra-nationalist	T-0
Vladimir	B-PER
Zhirinovsky	I-PER
that	O
Baghdad	O
wanted	O
to	O
maintain	O
"	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
"	O
with	O
Moscow	O
,	O
official	O
Iraqi	O
newspapers	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Iraqi	O
President	O
Saddam	O
Hussein	O
has	O
told	T-1
visiting	O
Russian	O
ultra-nationalist	O
Vladimir	O
Zhirinovsky	O
that	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
wanted	O
to	O
maintain	T-2
"	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
"	O
with	O
Moscow	T-3
,	O
official	O
Iraqi	O
newspapers	T-0
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Iraqi	O
President	O
Saddam	O
Hussein	O
has	O
told	T-1
visiting	O
Russian	O
ultra-nationalist	O
Vladimir	O
Zhirinovsky	O
that	O
Baghdad	O
wanted	O
to	O
maintain	O
"	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
"	O
with	T-0
Moscow	B-LOC
,	O
official	O
Iraqi	T-2
newspapers	T-2
said	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Iraqi	O
President	O
Saddam	O
Hussein	O
has	O
told	O
visiting	O
Russian	O
ultra-nationalist	O
Vladimir	O
Zhirinovsky	O
that	O
Baghdad	O
wanted	O
to	O
maintain	O
"	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
"	O
with	T-2
Moscow	T-2
,	O
official	T-0
Iraqi	B-MISC
newspapers	T-1
said	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
President	T-0
Saddam	B-PER
Hussein	I-PER
stressed	O
during	O
the	O
meeting	O
Iraq	O
's	O
keenness	O
to	O
maintain	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
with	O
Russia	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
papers	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
President	T-0
Saddam	T-0
Hussein	T-0
stressed	O
during	O
the	O
meeting	T-2
Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
keenness	O
to	O
maintain	O
friendship	T-3
and	T-3
cooperation	T-3
with	T-3
Russia	T-3
,	O
"	O
the	O
papers	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
President	O
Saddam	T-0
Hussein	T-0
stressed	T-1
during	O
the	O
meeting	O
Iraq	O
's	O
keenness	O
to	O
maintain	O
friendship	O
and	O
cooperation	O
with	T-2
Russia	B-LOC
,	O
"	O
the	O
papers	O
said	O
.	O

They	O
said	T-3
Zhirinovsky	B-PER
told	O
Saddam	T-2
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	O
Democratic	T-0
party	O
and	O
the	O
Russian	O
Duma	O
(	O
parliament	O
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	O
for	O
an	O
immediate	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
embargo	O
"	O
imposed	T-1
on	O
Iraq	O
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	O
of	O
Kuwait	O
.	O

They	O
said	O
Zhirinovsky	T-2
told	T-0
Saddam	B-PER
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	O
Democratic	O
party	O
and	O
the	O
Russian	O
Duma	O
(	O
parliament	O
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	O
for	O
an	O
immediate	O
lifting	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
embargo	T-1
"	O
imposed	O
on	O
Iraq	O
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	O
of	O
Kuwait	O
.	O

They	O
said	O
Zhirinovsky	O
told	O
Saddam	O
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	O
Democratic	O
party	O
and	O
the	O
Russian	T-0
Duma	T-0
(	O
parliament	O
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	O
for	O
an	O
immediate	T-3
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
embargo	O
"	O
imposed	O
on	O
Iraq	T-1
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	O
of	O
Kuwait	T-2
.	O

They	T-1
said	T-1
Zhirinovsky	O
told	O
Saddam	O
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	B-ORG
Democratic	I-ORG
party	I-ORG
and	O
the	O
Russian	O
Duma	O
(	O
parliament	O
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	T-0
for	O
an	O
immediate	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
embargo	O
"	O
imposed	O
on	O
Iraq	O
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	T-2
of	T-2
Kuwait	T-2
.	O

They	O
said	O
Zhirinovsky	O
told	O
Saddam	O
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	O
Democratic	O
party	O
and	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
Duma	T-0
(	O
parliament	T-1
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	O
for	O
an	O
immediate	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
embargo	O
"	O
imposed	O
on	O
Iraq	O
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	O
of	O
Kuwait	O
.	O

They	O
said	O
Zhirinovsky	T-0
told	T-4
Saddam	T-1
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	O
Democratic	O
party	O
and	O
the	O
Russian	T-2
Duma	B-ORG
(	O
parliament	T-3
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	T-5
for	O
an	O
immediate	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
embargo	O
"	O
imposed	O
on	O
Iraq	O
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	T-6
of	O
Kuwait	O
.	O

They	O
said	O
Zhirinovsky	T-1
told	O
Saddam	O
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	O
Democratic	O
party	O
and	O
the	O
Russian	O
Duma	O
(	O
parliament	O
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	O
for	O
an	O
immediate	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
embargo	O
"	O
imposed	O
on	O
Iraq	B-LOC
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	T-0
of	O
Kuwait	O
.	O

They	O
said	O
Zhirinovsky	O
told	O
Saddam	O
before	O
he	O
left	O
Baghdad	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
his	O
Liberal	O
Democratic	O
party	O
and	O
the	O
Russian	T-0
Duma	O
(	O
parliament	O
)	O
"	O
are	O
calling	O
for	O
an	O
immediate	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
embargo	O
"	O
imposed	O
on	O
Iraq	O
after	O
its	O
1990	O
invasion	T-1
of	O
Kuwait	B-LOC
.	O

Zhirinovsky	B-PER
said	T-2
on	O
Tuesday	O
he	T-0
would	T-0
press	T-0
the	T-0
Russian	T-0
government	T-0
to	O
help	O
end	O
U.N.	O
trade	O
sanctions	O
on	O
Iraq	O
and	O
blamed	O
Moscow	O
for	O
delaying	O
establishment	T-1
of	O
good	O
ties	O
with	O
Baghdad	O
.	O

Zhirinovsky	O
said	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
he	O
would	O
press	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
government	O
to	O
help	O
end	O
U.N.	O
trade	O
sanctions	O
on	O
Iraq	O
and	O
blamed	O
Moscow	O
for	O
delaying	T-1
establishment	O
of	O
good	O
ties	O
with	O
Baghdad	T-0
.	O

Zhirinovsky	O
said	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
he	O
would	O
press	O
the	O
Russian	O
government	O
to	O
help	O
end	O
U.N.	B-ORG
trade	O
sanctions	O
on	O
Iraq	O
and	O
blamed	O
Moscow	T-0
for	O
delaying	O
establishment	O
of	O
good	O
ties	O
with	O
Baghdad	T-1
.	O

Zhirinovsky	T-0
said	T-1
on	O
Tuesday	O
he	O
would	O
press	O
the	O
Russian	O
government	O
to	O
help	O
end	O
U.N.	O
trade	O
sanctions	T-2
on	O
Iraq	B-LOC
and	O
blamed	O
Moscow	O
for	O
delaying	O
establishment	O
of	O
good	O
ties	O
with	O
Baghdad	O
.	O

Zhirinovsky	O
said	T-0
on	O
Tuesday	O
he	O
would	O
press	O
the	O
Russian	O
government	O
to	O
help	O
end	O
U.N.	O
trade	O
sanctions	O
on	O
Iraq	O
and	O
blamed	T-1
Moscow	B-LOC
for	O
delaying	O
establishment	T-2
of	O
good	O
ties	O
with	O
Baghdad	O
.	O

Zhirinovsky	O
said	T-0
on	O
Tuesday	O
he	O
would	O
press	T-1
the	O
Russian	O
government	O
to	O
help	O
end	O
U.N.	O
trade	T-3
sanctions	T-3
on	O
Iraq	O
and	O
blamed	O
Moscow	O
for	O
delaying	T-2
establishment	O
of	O
good	O
ties	O
with	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
Our	O
stand	O
is	O
firm	O
,	O
namely	O
we	O
are	O
calling	O
on	O
(	O
the	T-2
Russian	B-MISC
)	O
government	T-0
to	O
end	O
the	O
economic	T-1
embargo	O
on	O
Iraq	O
and	O
resume	O
trade	O
ties	O
between	O
Russia	O
and	O
Iraq	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

"	O
Our	O
stand	O
is	O
firm	O
,	O
namely	O
we	O
are	O
calling	T-1
on	O
(	O
the	O
Russian	O
)	O
government	T-0
to	O
end	T-2
the	O
economic	O
embargo	O
on	T-4
Iraq	B-LOC
and	O
resume	O
trade	O
ties	T-3
between	O
Russia	O
and	O
Iraq	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

"	O
Our	O
stand	O
is	O
firm	O
,	O
namely	O
we	O
are	O
calling	O
on	O
(	O
the	T-0
Russian	T-0
)	O
government	T-3
to	O
end	O
the	O
economic	T-2
embargo	T-2
on	T-2
Iraq	O
and	O
resume	T-1
trade	T-1
ties	O
between	O
Russia	B-LOC
and	O
Iraq	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

"	O
Our	O
stand	O
is	O
firm	O
,	O
namely	O
we	O
are	O
calling	O
on	O
(	O
the	O
Russian	O
)	O
government	O
to	O
end	O
the	O
economic	O
embargo	O
on	O
Iraq	O
and	O
resume	O
trade	T-2
ties	O
between	O
Russia	T-0
and	T-1
Iraq	B-LOC
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

Zhirinovsky	T-0
visited	O
Iraq	B-LOC
twice	O
in	O
1995	O
.	O

Last	O
October	O
he	O
was	O
invited	O
to	O
attend	O
the	O
referendum	T-0
held	O
on	T-3
Iraq	B-LOC
's	O
presidency	T-2
,	O
which	O
extended	O
Saddam	O
's	O
term	T-1
for	O
seven	O
more	O
years	O
.	O

Last	O
October	O
he	O
was	O
invited	O
to	O
attend	T-0
the	O
referendum	O
held	O
on	O
Iraq	O
's	O
presidency	O
,	O
which	O
extended	O
Saddam	B-PER
's	T-1
term	T-1
for	O
seven	O
more	O
years	O
.	O

PRESS	T-0
DIGEST	T-0
-	O
Iraq	B-LOC
-	O
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
leading	O
stories	O
in	O
the	O
official	T-0
Iraqi	B-MISC
press	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Reuters	B-ORG
has	O
not	O
verified	T-0
these	O
stories	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
vouch	O
for	O
their	O
accuracy	O
.	O

-	O
Iraq	B-LOC
's	T-0
President	T-0
Saddam	O
Hussein	T-1
meets	O
with	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	O
Russian	O
liberal	O
democratic	O
party	O
Vladimir	O
Zhirinovsky	O
.	T-1

-	O
Iraq	O
's	O
President	O
Saddam	B-PER
Hussein	I-PER
meets	T-0
with	O
chairman	O
of	O
the	O
Russian	O
liberal	O
democratic	O
party	O
Vladimir	O
Zhirinovsky	O
.	O

-	O
Iraq	O
's	O
President	O
Saddam	O
Hussein	O
meets	T-0
with	O
chairman	T-1
of	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
liberal	O
democratic	O
party	O
Vladimir	T-2
Zhirinovsky	T-2
.	O

-	O
Iraq	O
's	O
President	O
Saddam	O
Hussein	O
meets	T-1
with	O
chairman	T-0
of	O
the	O
Russian	O
liberal	O
democratic	O
party	O
Vladimir	B-PER
Zhirinovsky	I-PER
.	O

-	O
Turkish	B-MISC
foreign	T-0
minister	T-0
says	O
Turkey	O
will	O
take	O
part	O
in	O
the	O
Baghdad	T-1
trade	O
fair	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
held	T-2
in	T-2
November	T-2
.	O

-	O
Turkish	O
foreign	T-0
minister	T-1
says	T-3
Turkey	B-LOC
will	O
take	O
part	O
in	O
the	O
Baghdad	T-2
trade	O
fair	T-5
that	O
will	O
be	O
held	T-4
in	O
November	O
.	O

-	O
Turkish	O
foreign	O
minister	O
says	O
Turkey	O
will	O
take	T-0
part	T-0
in	O
the	O
Baghdad	B-LOC
trade	O
fair	O
that	O
will	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
November	T-1
.	O

-	O
A	O
shipload	O
of	O
12	O
tonnes	O
of	O
rice	O
arrives	O
in	O
Umm	B-LOC
Qasr	I-LOC
port	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
Gulf	T-1
.	O

-	O
A	O
shipload	T-0
of	O
12	O
tonnes	O
of	O
rice	O
arrives	O
in	O
Umm	O
Qasr	O
port	O
in	O
the	O
Gulf	B-LOC
.	O

PRESS	T-0
DIGEST	T-0
-	O
Lebanon	B-LOC
-	O
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
the	O
leading	T-0
stories	T-3
in	T-1
the	T-1
Beirut	B-LOC
press	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Reuters	B-ORG
has	O
not	O
verified	T-0
these	O
stories	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
vouch	O
for	O
their	O
accuracy	O
.	O

-	O
Confrontation	T-0
is	T-0
escalating	T-0
between	O
Hizbollah	B-ORG
and	T-1
the	T-1
government	T-1
.	O

-	O
Prime	T-0
Minister	T-0
Hariri	B-PER
:	O
Israeli	T-1
threats	O
do	O
no	O
serve	T-2
peace	O
.	O

-	O
Prime	T-0
Minister	T-0
Hariri	T-0
:	O
Israeli	B-MISC
threats	O
do	O
no	O
serve	O
peace	O
.	O

-	O
Parliament	O
Speaker	T-0
Berri	B-PER
:	O
Israel	O
is	O
preparing	O
for	O
war	O
against	O
Syria	O
and	O
Lebanon	O
.	O

-	O
Parliament	O
Speaker	O
Berri	T-0
:	O
Israel	B-LOC
is	O
preparing	O
for	O
war	T-1
against	O
Syria	T-2
and	O
Lebanon	T-3
.	O

-	O
Parliament	O
Speaker	O
Berri	O
:	O
Israel	O
is	O
preparing	T-0
for	O
war	O
against	O
Syria	B-LOC
and	O
Lebanon	O
.	O

-	O
Parliament	O
Speaker	O
Berri	O
:	O
Israel	T-0
is	O
preparing	O
for	O
war	T-2
against	O
Syria	T-1
and	O
Lebanon	B-LOC
.	O

-	O
Parliamentary	T-0
battle	T-1
in	T-2
Beirut	B-LOC
..	O

-	O
Continued	O
criticism	T-1
of	O
law	T-2
violation	T-2
incidents	O
--	O
which	T-0
occurred	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
Mount	B-LOC
Lebanon	I-LOC
elections	T-3
last	O
Sunday	O
.	O

-	O
Financial	O
negotiations	T-0
between	O
Lebanon	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	O
.	O

-	O
Hariri	B-PER
to	O
step	T-1
into	T-1
the	O
election	O
battle	T-2
with	O
an	O
incomplete	T-0
list	O
.	O

-	O
Maronite	B-ORG
Patriarch	T-0
Sfeir	T-1
expressed	O
sorrow	O
over	O
the	O
violations	O
in	O
Sunday	O
'	O
elections	O
.	O

-	O
Maronite	O
Patriarch	O
Sfeir	B-PER
expressed	T-2
sorrow	O
over	O
the	O
violations	T-0
in	T-0
Sunday	O
'	O
elections	T-1
.	T-1

CME	B-ORG
live	O
and	O
feeder	O
cattle	O
calls	T-1
range	O
mixed	O
.	O

Early	O
calls	T-2
on	T-2
CME	B-ORG
live	T-0
and	O
feeder	T-1
cattle	T-1
futures	T-1
ranged	O
from	O
0.200	O
cent	O
higher	O
to	O
0.100	O
lower	O
,	O
livestock	O
analysts	O
said	O
.	O

MONTGOMERY	B-LOC
,	O
Ala	T-0
.	O

MONTGOMERY	T-0
,	O
Ala	B-LOC
.	O

KinderCare	B-ORG
Learning	I-ORG
Centers	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
a	O
debt	O
buyback	O
would	O
mean	O
an	O
extraordinary	O
loss	T-0
of	O
$	O
1.2	O
million	O
in	O
its	O
fiscal	O
1997	O
first	O
quarter	O
.	O

Philip	B-PER
Maslowe	I-PER
,	O
chief	T-0
financial	O
officer	O
of	O
the	O
preschool	O
and	O
child	O
care	O
company	O
,	O
said	T-1
the	O
buyback	O
"	O
offered	O
an	O
opportunity	O
to	O
reduce	T-2
the	O
company	O
's	O
weighted	O
average	O
interest	O
costs	O
and	O
improve	T-3
future	O
cash	O
flows	O
and	O
earnings	O
.	O
"	O

RESEARCH	O
ALERT	O
-	O
Lehman	B-ORG
starts	T-0
SNET	T-0
.	O

RESEARCH	T-2
ALERT	T-2
-	O
Lehman	T-0
starts	T-1
SNET	B-ORG
.	O

--	O
Lehman	B-ORG
analyst	T-1
Blake	T-2
Bath	T-2
started	O
Southern	O
New	O
England	O
Telecommunciations	O
Corp	O
with	T-0
an	T-0
outperform	T-0
rating	T-0
,	O
his	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

--	O
Lehman	O
analyst	T-0
Blake	B-PER
Bath	I-PER
started	T-1
Southern	O
New	O
England	O
Telecommunciations	O
Corp	O
with	O
an	O
outperform	T-2
rating	O
,	O
his	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

--	O
Lehman	O
analyst	O
Blake	O
Bath	O
started	T-1
Southern	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
England	I-ORG
Telecommunciations	I-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
with	O
an	O
outperform	T-0
rating	O
,	O
his	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

--	O
E.	T-0
Auchard	T-0
,	O
Wall	B-ORG
Street	I-ORG
bureau	I-ORG
,	O
212-859-1736	T-1

Greek	B-MISC
socialists	T-0
give	T-1
PM	T-2
green	O
light	O
for	O
election	O
.	O

The	T-0
Greek	B-MISC
socialist	O
party	O
's	O
executive	O
bureau	O
gave	O
Prime	T-2
Minister	T-2
Costas	T-2
Simitis	T-2
its	T-1
backing	T-1
if	O
he	O
chooses	O
to	O
call	O
snap	O
elections	O
,	O
its	O
general	O
secretary	O
Costas	T-3
Skandalidis	T-3
told	O
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
Greek	T-0
socialist	T-0
party	O
's	O
executive	T-1
bureau	T-1
gave	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	B-PER
Simitis	I-PER
its	O
backing	O
if	O
he	O
chooses	O
to	O
call	O
snap	O
elections	O
,	O
its	O
general	O
secretary	O
Costas	O
Skandalidis	O
told	O
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
Greek	O
socialist	O
party	O
's	O
executive	O
bureau	O
gave	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	O
Simitis	O
its	O
backing	O
if	O
he	O
chooses	O
to	O
call	O
snap	O
elections	O
,	O
its	O
general	O
secretary	T-0
Costas	B-PER
Skandalidis	I-PER
told	O
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Prime	T-0
Minister	T-0
Costas	B-PER
Simitis	I-PER
will	T-1
make	T-1
an	O
official	O
announcement	O
after	O
a	O
cabinet	O
meeting	O
later	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
said	O
Skandalidis	O
.	O

Prime	O
Minister	O
Costas	O
Simitis	O
will	O
make	O
an	O
official	O
announcement	T-0
after	O
a	O
cabinet	O
meeting	O
later	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
said	O
Skandalidis	B-PER
.	O

--	O
Dimitris	B-PER
Kontogiannis	I-PER
,	O
Athens	T-0
Newsroom	T-0
+301	O
3311812-4	O

--	O
Dimitris	T-0
Kontogiannis	T-0
,	O
Athens	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+301	T-1
3311812-4	T-1

PRESS	O
DIGEST	T-0
-	O
France	B-LOC
-	O
Le	O
Monde	O
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

PRESS	T-1
DIGEST	T-2
-	O
France	T-0
-	O
Le	B-ORG
Monde	I-ORG
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

--	O
Africans	O
seeking	T-0
to	O
renew	O
or	O
obtain	O
work	O
and	O
residence	O
rights	O
say	T-1
Prime	T-3
Minister	T-3
Alain	B-PER
Juppe	I-PER
's	O
proposals	T-4
are	O
insufficient	O
as	O
hunger	O
strike	O
enters	T-2
49th	O
day	O
in	O
Paris	O
church	O
and	O
Wednesday	O
rally	O
attracts	O
8,000	O
sympathisers	O
.	O

--	O
Africans	T-2
seeking	O
to	O
renew	O
or	O
obtain	O
work	O
and	O
residence	O
rights	O
say	O
Prime	O
Minister	O
Alain	O
Juppe	O
's	O
proposals	O
are	O
insufficient	O
as	O
hunger	O
strike	T-0
enters	O
49th	O
day	O
in	O
Paris	B-LOC
church	T-1
and	O
Wednesday	O
rally	O
attracts	O
8,000	O
sympathisers	O
.	O

--	O
FLNC	B-ORG
Corsican	O
nationalist	T-0
movement	T-0
announces	T-1
end	O
of	O
truce	O
after	O
last	O
night	O
's	O
attacks	T-2
.	O

--	O
FLNC	O
Corsican	B-MISC
nationalist	T-1
movement	T-1
announces	O
end	O
of	O
truce	O
after	O
last	O
night	T-0
's	T-0
attacks	T-0
.	O

--	O
Shutdown	T-3
of	T-5
Bally	B-ORG
's	O
French	T-0
factories	O
points	O
up	O
shoe	O
industry	O
crisis	T-4
,	O
with	O
French	T-1
manufacturers	O
undercut	O
by	O
low-wage	O
country	O
competition	T-2
and	O
failure	O
to	O
keep	O
abreast	O
of	O
trends	O
.	O

--	O
Shutdown	T-0
of	O
Bally	O
's	O
French	B-MISC
factories	O
points	O
up	O
shoe	O
industry	O
crisis	O
,	O
with	O
French	O
manufacturers	O
undercut	O
by	O
low-wage	O
country	O
competition	O
and	O
failure	O
to	O
keep	O
abreast	O
of	O
trends	O
.	O

--	O
Shutdown	O
of	O
Bally	O
's	O
French	O
factories	T-1
points	O
up	O
shoe	O
industry	O
crisis	T-2
,	O
with	O
French	B-MISC
manufacturers	T-0
undercut	T-0
by	O
low-wage	O
country	O
competition	O
and	O
failure	O
to	O
keep	O
abreast	O
of	O
trends	O
.	O

--	O
Secretary	T-0
general	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
Sud-PTT	B-MISC
trade	O
union	O
at	O
France	O
Telecom	O
all	O
the	O
elements	O
are	O
in	O
place	O
for	O
social	O
unrest	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
weeks	O
.	O

--	O
Secretary	O
general	O
of	O
the	O
Sud-PTT	T-1
trade	O
union	T-0
at	O
France	B-ORG
Telecom	I-ORG
all	O
the	O
elements	O
are	O
in	O
place	O
for	O
social	O
unrest	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
weeks	O
.	O

--	O
Paris	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+33	T-0
1	T-0
42	T-0
21	T-0
53	T-0
81	T-0

Well	T-1
repairs	T-1
to	O
lift	T-2
Heidrun	B-LOC
oil	O
output	O
-	O
Statoil	O
.	O

Well	O
repairs	O
to	O
lift	T-2
Heidrun	T-0
oil	O
output	T-1
-	O
Statoil	B-ORG
.	O

Three	O
plugged	O
water	O
injection	O
wells	O
on	T-0
the	T-0
Heidrun	B-LOC
oilfield	T-1
off	O
mid-Norway	T-3
will	O
be	O
reopened	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
month	O
,	O
operator	O
Den	T-2
Norske	T-2
Stats	T-2
Oljeselskap	T-2
AS	O
(	O
Statoil	O
)	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	T-3

Three	O
plugged	O
water	O
injection	O
wells	O
on	O
the	O
Heidrun	T-0
oilfield	O
off	O
mid-Norway	B-MISC
will	O
be	O
reopened	T-3
over	O
the	O
next	O
month	O
,	O
operator	O
Den	T-1
Norske	T-1
Stats	T-1
Oljeselskap	T-2
AS	O
(	O
Statoil	O
)	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Three	O
plugged	T-5
water	O
injection	O
wells	O
on	O
the	O
Heidrun	T-0
oilfield	T-0
off	O
mid-Norway	T-1
will	O
be	O
reopened	T-2
over	O
the	O
next	O
month	O
,	O
operator	O
Den	B-ORG
Norske	I-ORG
Stats	I-ORG
Oljeselskap	I-ORG
AS	I-ORG
(	O
Statoil	T-3
)	O
said	T-4
on	O
Thursday	O
.	T-1

Three	O
plugged	O
water	O
injection	O
wells	O
on	O
the	O
Heidrun	O
oilfield	O
off	O
mid-Norway	O
will	O
be	O
reopened	T-1
over	O
the	O
next	O
month	O
,	O
operator	O
Den	O
Norske	O
Stats	O
Oljeselskap	O
AS	T-0
(	O
Statoil	B-ORG
)	O
said	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
plugged	O
wells	O
have	O
accounted	O
for	O
a	O
dip	O
of	O
30,000	O
barrels	O
per	O
day	O
(	O
bpd	O
)	O
in	O
Heidrun	B-LOC
output	T-0
to	T-0
roughly	T-0
220,000	T-0
bpd	T-0
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
Status	O
Weekly	O
newsletter	T-1
.	O

The	O
plugged	O
wells	O
have	O
accounted	T-2
for	O
a	O
dip	O
of	O
30,000	O
barrels	O
per	O
day	O
(	O
bpd	O
)	O
in	O
Heidrun	O
output	T-3
to	O
roughly	O
220,000	O
bpd	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
the	O
company	T-1
's	O
Status	B-ORG
Weekly	I-ORG
newsletter	T-0
.	O

--	O
Oslo	B-LOC
newsroom	T-0
+47	O
22	O
42	O
50	O
41	O

Finnish	B-MISC
April	T-1
trade	T-1
surplus	T-1
3.8	O
billion	O
markka	T-0
-	O
NCB	O
.	O

Finnish	T-1
April	O
trade	T-2
surplus	T-2
3.8	T-0
billion	T-0
markka	T-0
-	O
NCB	B-ORG
.	O

Finland	B-LOC
's	O
trade	T-2
surplus	T-2
rose	O
to	O
3.83	O
billion	O
markka	O
in	O
April	O
from	O
3.43	O
billion	O
in	O
March	O
,	O
the	O
National	T-0
Customs	T-0
Board	T-0
(	O
NCB	O
)	O
said	T-1
in	O
a	O
statement	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Finland	O
's	O
trade	T-0
surplus	T-1
rose	O
to	O
3.83	O
billion	O
markka	O
in	O
April	O
from	O
3.43	O
billion	O
in	O
March	O
,	O
the	O
National	B-ORG
Customs	I-ORG
Board	I-ORG
(	O
NCB	O
)	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Finland	O
's	O
trade	T-1
surplus	O
rose	O
to	O
3.83	O
billion	O
markka	O
in	O
April	O
from	O
3.43	O
billion	O
in	O
March	O
,	O
the	O
National	T-0
Customs	T-0
Board	O
(	O
NCB	B-ORG
)	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
value	O
of	O
exports	O
fell	O
one	O
percent	O
year-on-year	O
in	O
April	O
and	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
imports	O
fell	O
two	O
percent	T-0
,	O
NCB	B-ORG
said	T-1
.	O

The	T-1
Bank	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Finland	I-ORG
earlier	O
estimated	O
the	O
April	O
trade	T-0
surplus	O
at	O
3.2	O
billion	O
markka	O
with	O
exports	O
projected	O
at	O
14.5	O
billion	O
and	O
imports	O
at	O
11.3	O
billion	O
.	O

The	O
NCB	B-ORG
's	O
official	T-2
monthly	O
trade	O
statistics	O
are	O
lagging	O
behind	O
due	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
customs	O
procedures	O
when	O
Finland	O
joined	T-1
the	O
European	T-0
Union	T-0
at	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
1995	O
.	O

The	O
NCB	T-2
's	T-2
official	T-2
monthly	O
trade	O
statistics	O
are	O
lagging	O
behind	O
due	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
customs	O
procedures	O
when	O
Finland	B-LOC
joined	T-1
the	O
European	O
Union	T-0
at	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
1995	O
.	O

The	O
NCB	O
's	O
official	O
monthly	T-1
trade	O
statistics	O
are	O
lagging	O
behind	O
due	O
to	O
changes	O
in	O
customs	T-0
procedures	O
when	O
Finland	O
joined	O
the	O
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
at	O
the	O
start	T-2
of	O
1995	O
.	O

--	O
Helsinki	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+358	T-0
-	T-0
0	T-0
-	T-0
680	T-0
50	T-0
245	T-0

Dutch	B-MISC
state	O
raises	O
tap	O
sale	T-1
price	T-0
to	O
99.95	O
.	O

The	O
Finance	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
raised	T-1
the	T-0
price	T-0
for	O
tap	O
sales	O
of	O
the	O
Dutch	T-2
government	T-2
's	O
new	O
5.75	O
percent	O
bond	T-3
due	O
September	O
2002	O
to	O
99.95	O
from	O
99.90	O
.	O

The	O
Finance	T-3
Ministry	T-3
raised	T-2
the	O
price	O
for	O
tap	O
sales	O
of	O
the	T-0
Dutch	B-MISC
government	T-1
's	T-1
new	O
5.75	O
percent	O
bond	O
due	O
September	O
2002	O
to	O
99.95	O
from	O
99.90	O
.	O

Tap	O
sales	O
began	O
on	O
Monday	T-2
and	O
are	O
being	O
held	T-1
daily	O
from	O
07.00	O
GMT	B-MISC
to	O
15.00	O
GMT	T-0
until	O
further	O
notice	O
.	O

Tap	T-1
sales	T-1
began	O
on	O
Monday	O
and	O
are	O
being	O
held	T-2
daily	T-2
from	O
07.00	O
GMT	O
to	O
15.00	O
GMT	B-MISC
until	T-0
further	T-0
notice	T-3
.	O

--	O
Amsterdam	B-LOC
newsroom	T-0
+31	T-1
20	T-1
504	T-1
5000	T-1

German	B-MISC
farm	T-0
ministry	T-1
tells	T-2
consumers	T-2
to	T-2
avoid	T-2
British	O
mutton	O
.	O

German	T-1
farm	T-1
ministry	T-1
tells	O
consumers	T-0
to	O
avoid	O
British	B-MISC
mutton	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
's	O
Agriculture	T-2
Ministry	T-2
suggested	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
consumers	O
avoid	O
eating	T-3
meat	T-3
from	O
British	T-0
sheep	T-0
until	O
scientists	T-1
determine	O
whether	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
can	O
be	O
transmitted	O
to	O
the	O
animals	O
.	O

Germany	T-2
's	O
Agriculture	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
suggested	T-0
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
consumers	T-1
avoid	O
eating	O
meat	O
from	O
British	O
sheep	O
until	O
scientists	O
determine	O
whether	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
can	O
be	O
transmitted	O
to	O
the	O
animals	O
.	O

Germany	O
's	O
Agriculture	T-0
Ministry	T-1
suggested	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
consumers	O
avoid	T-3
eating	T-3
meat	T-4
from	O
British	B-MISC
sheep	T-5
until	O
scientists	O
determine	O
whether	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
can	O
be	O
transmitted	O
to	O
the	O
animals	O
.	O

"	O
Until	O
this	O
is	O
cleared	T-1
up	O
by	O
the	O
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
's	O
scientific	T-0
panels	T-0
--	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
asked	O
this	O
to	O
be	O
done	O
as	O
quickly	O
as	O
possible	O
--	O
(	O
consumers	O
)	O
should	T-4
if	O
at	O
all	O
possible	O
give	O
preference	T-2
to	O
sheepmeat	O
from	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
"	O
ministry	O
official	T-3
Werner	O
Zwingmann	O
told	O
ZDF	O
television	O
.	O

"	O
Until	O
this	O
is	O
cleared	O
up	O
by	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
's	O
scientific	O
panels	O
--	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
asked	O
this	O
to	O
be	O
done	O
as	O
quickly	O
as	O
possible	O
--	O
(	O
consumers	O
)	O
should	O
if	O
at	O
all	O
possible	O
give	O
preference	O
to	O
sheepmeat	O
from	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
"	O
ministry	T-0
official	T-0
Werner	B-PER
Zwingmann	I-PER
told	T-1
ZDF	T-2
television	T-2
.	O

"	O
Until	O
this	O
is	O
cleared	O
up	O
by	O
the	O
European	O
Union	T-0
's	O
scientific	O
panels	O
--	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
asked	O
this	O
to	O
be	O
done	O
as	O
quickly	O
as	O
possible	O
--	O
(	O
consumers	O
)	O
should	O
if	O
at	O
all	O
possible	O
give	O
preference	O
to	O
sheepmeat	O
from	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
"	O
ministry	T-1
official	T-1
Werner	T-1
Zwingmann	T-1
told	O
ZDF	B-ORG
television	T-2
.	O

Bonn	B-LOC
has	O
led	O
efforts	O
to	O
ensure	T-2
consumer	O
protection	O
tops	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
priorities	O
in	O
dealing	O
with	O
the	O
mad	O
cow	O
crisis	O
,	O
which	O
erupted	T-0
in	T-0
March	T-0
when	O
Britain	O
acknowledged	O
humans	O
could	O
contract	O
a	O
similar	O
illness	O
by	O
eating	T-1
contaminated	T-1
beef	T-1
.	O

Bonn	O
has	O
led	O
efforts	O
to	O
ensure	O
consumer	T-0
protection	O
tops	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
priorities	O
in	O
dealing	O
with	O
the	O
mad	T-1
cow	T-1
crisis	T-1
,	O
which	O
erupted	O
in	O
March	O
when	O
Britain	B-LOC
acknowledged	O
humans	O
could	O
contract	O
a	O
similar	O
illness	O
by	O
eating	T-2
contaminated	T-3
beef	T-3
.	T-3

The	O
European	B-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
agreed	T-0
this	O
month	O
to	O
rethink	O
a	O
proposal	T-1
to	O
ban	T-2
the	O
use	O
of	O
suspect	T-3
sheep	O
tissue	O
after	O
some	O
EU	T-4
veterinary	T-4
experts	T-4
questioned	O
whether	O
it	O
was	O
justified	O
.	O

The	O
European	T-2
Commission	T-2
agreed	O
this	O
month	O
to	O
rethink	O
a	O
proposal	T-1
to	O
ban	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
suspect	O
sheep	O
tissue	O
after	O
some	T-0
EU	B-ORG
veterinary	T-3
experts	O
questioned	O
whether	O
it	O
was	O
justified	O
.	O

EU	B-ORG
Farm	O
Commissioner	T-1
Franz	O
Fischler	O
had	O
proposed	T-0
banning	T-0
sheep	O
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
food	O
chains	O
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	O
and	O
France	O
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	O
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

EU	O
Farm	O
Commissioner	T-2
Franz	B-PER
Fischler	I-PER
had	T-3
proposed	T-3
banning	O
sheep	O
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	T-0
food	T-0
chains	O
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	O
and	O
France	O
that	O
under	O
laboratory	T-1
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	O
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

EU	O
Farm	T-1
Commissioner	T-1
Franz	T-3
Fischler	T-3
had	O
proposed	O
banning	O
sheep	O
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
food	O
chains	O
after	O
reports	O
from	T-0
Britain	B-LOC
and	O
France	T-2
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	O
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

EU	O
Farm	O
Commissioner	O
Franz	O
Fischler	O
had	O
proposed	T-0
banning	O
sheep	O
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
food	O
chains	O
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	O
and	O
France	B-LOC
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	O
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	O
)	O
--	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	T-1
.	O

EU	O
Farm	O
Commissioner	O
Franz	O
Fischler	O
had	O
proposed	O
banning	O
sheep	O
brains	O
,	O
spleens	O
and	O
spinal	O
cords	O
from	O
the	O
human	O
and	O
animal	O
food	O
chains	O
after	O
reports	O
from	O
Britain	O
and	O
France	O
that	O
under	O
laboratory	O
conditions	O
sheep	O
could	O
contract	O
Bovine	O
Spongiform	T-0
Encephalopathy	O
(	O
BSE	B-MISC
)	O
--	O
mad	T-1
cow	O
disease	O
.	O

But	O
some	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
EU	B-ORG
's	O
standing	O
veterinary	T-1
committee	O
questioned	T-0
whether	O
the	O
action	O
was	O
necessary	T-2
given	O
the	O
slight	O
risk	O
to	O
human	O
health	O
.	O

The	O
question	O
is	O
being	O
studied	T-2
separately	O
by	O
two	O
EU	B-ORG
scientific	T-1
committees	T-0
.	O

Sheep	O
have	O
long	O
been	O
known	T-0
to	O
contract	O
scrapie	O
,	O
a	O
similar	O
brain-wasting	T-2
disease	T-2
to	O
BSE	B-MISC
which	T-3
is	O
believed	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
transferred	T-1
to	O
cattle	O
through	O
feed	O
containing	O
animal	O
waste	O
.	O

ZDF	B-ORG
said	O
Germany	O
imported	T-0
47,600	O
sheep	O
from	O
Britain	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
nearly	O
half	O
of	O
total	O
imports	O
.	O

ZDF	O
said	T-0
Germany	B-LOC
imported	T-3
47,600	O
sheep	T-1
from	O
Britain	T-4
last	O
year	O
,	O
nearly	O
half	O
of	O
total	O
imports	T-2
.	O

ZDF	O
said	T-1
Germany	T-3
imported	O
47,600	O
sheep	O
from	T-0
Britain	B-LOC
last	O
year	O
,	O
nearly	O
half	O
of	O
total	O
imports	T-2
.	O

It	O
brought	O
in	O
4,275	O
tonnes	T-0
of	T-0
British	B-MISC
mutton	T-1
,	O
some	O
10	O
percent	O
of	O
overall	O
imports	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
British	B-MISC
government	T-0
admitted	T-1
a	O
possible	O
link	O
between	O
mad	T-2
cow	T-2
disease	T-2
and	O
its	O
fatal	O
human	O
equivalent	O
,	O
the	O
EU	O
imposed	O
a	O
worldwide	T-3
ban	T-3
on	O
British	O
beef	O
exports	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
British	O
government	O
admitted	T-0
a	O
possible	O
link	O
between	O
mad	O
cow	O
disease	O
and	O
its	O
fatal	O
human	O
equivalent	O
,	O
the	O
EU	B-ORG
imposed	T-1
a	O
worldwide	O
ban	O
on	O
British	O
beef	O
exports	O
.	O

EU	B-ORG
leaders	T-0
agreed	O
at	O
a	O
summit	O
in	O
June	O
to	O
a	O
progressive	T-1
lifting	T-1
of	O
the	O
ban	O
as	O
Britain	T-2
takes	O
parallel	O
measures	O
to	O
eradicate	O
the	O
disease	O
.	O

EU	O
leaders	T-3
agreed	T-0
at	O
a	O
summit	O
in	O
June	O
to	O
a	O
progressive	O
lifting	O
of	O
the	O
ban	T-1
as	O
Britain	B-LOC
takes	O
parallel	T-4
measures	O
to	O
eradicate	O
the	O
disease	T-2
.	O

GOLF	T-0
-	O
SCORES	O
AT	O
WORLD	B-MISC
SERIES	I-MISC
OF	I-MISC
GOLF	I-MISC
.	O

AKRON	T-0
,	O
Ohio	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

million	T-0
NEC	B-MISC
World	I-MISC
Series	I-MISC
of	I-MISC
Golf	I-MISC
after	O
the	O
first	T-1
round	T-1

Thursday	O
at	O
the	O
7,149	O
yard	O
,	O
par	T-0
70	T-0
Firestone	B-LOC
C.C	I-LOC
course	T-1

(	O
players	T-0
U.S.	B-LOC
unless	O
stated	O
)	O
:	O

66	O
Paul	B-PER
Goydos	I-PER
,	O
Billy	O
Mayfair	O
,	O
Hidemichi	T-0
Tanaka	T-0
(	O
Japan	O
)	O

66	O
Paul	T-2
Goydos	T-2
,	O
Billy	B-PER
Mayfair	I-PER
,	O
Hidemichi	T-1
Tanaka	T-1
(	O
Japan	O
)	O

66	O
Paul	O
Goydos	T-0
,	O
Billy	O
Mayfair	O
,	O
Hidemichi	O
Tanaka	O
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O

68	T-0
Steve	B-PER
Stricker	I-PER

69	O
Justin	T-0
Leonard	T-0
,	O
Mark	B-PER
Brooks	I-PER

70	O
Tim	T-0
Herron	T-0
,	O
Duffy	B-PER
Waldorf	I-PER
,	O
Davis	T-1
Love	T-1
,	O
Anders	O
Forsbrand	O

70	O
Tim	T-0
Herron	T-0
,	O
Duffy	T-1
Waldorf	T-1
,	O
Davis	B-PER
Love	I-PER
,	O
Anders	T-2
Forsbrand	T-2

70	O
Tim	T-0
Herron	T-0
,	O
Duffy	O
Waldorf	O
,	O
Davis	O
Love	O
,	O
Anders	B-PER
Forsbrand	I-PER

(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Nick	B-PER
Faldo	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-0
)	O
,	O
John	O
Cook	O
,	O
Steve	O
Jones	O
,	O
Phil	O

(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Nick	T-0
Faldo	T-0
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
,	O
John	T-1
Cook	T-1
,	O
Steve	B-PER
Jones	I-PER
,	O
Phil	O

Mickelson	T-0
,	O
Greg	B-PER
Norman	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-1
)	O

71	T-1
Ernie	B-PER
Els	I-PER
(	O
South	T-0
Africa	T-0
)	O
,	O
Scott	O
Hoch	O

71	T-0
Ernie	T-0
Els	T-0
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
,	O
Scott	O
Hoch	O

72	O
Clarence	B-PER
Rose	I-PER
,	O
Loren	O
Roberts	O
,	O
Fred	T-0
Funk	T-0
,	O
Sven	T-1
Struver	T-1

72	O
Clarence	T-0
Rose	T-0
,	O
Loren	B-PER
Roberts	I-PER
,	O
Fred	O
Funk	O
,	O
Sven	O
Struver	O

72	T-0
Clarence	O
Rose	O
,	O
Loren	O
Roberts	O
,	O
Fred	B-PER
Funk	I-PER
,	O
Sven	O
Struver	O

72	O
Clarence	T-0
Rose	T-0
,	O
Loren	T-1
Roberts	T-1
,	O
Fred	T-2
Funk	T-2
,	O
Sven	B-PER
Struver	I-PER

(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Alexander	T-1
Cejka	T-1
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
,	O
Hal	O
Sutton	O
,	O
Tom	O
Lehman	O

(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
,	O
Alexander	B-PER
Cejka	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O
,	O
Hal	T-2
Sutton	T-2
,	O
Tom	O
Lehman	O

(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
,	O
Alexander	T-1
Cejka	T-1
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Hal	T-2
Sutton	T-2
,	O
Tom	T-3
Lehman	T-3

(	O
Germany	O
)	O
,	O
Alexander	T-0
Cejka	T-0
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
,	O
Hal	B-PER
Sutton	I-PER
,	O
Tom	T-1
Lehman	T-1

(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O
,	O
Alexander	T-0
Cejka	T-0
(	O
Germany	T-2
)	O
,	O
Hal	O
Sutton	O
,	O
Tom	B-PER
Lehman	I-PER

73	O
D.A.	B-PER
Weibring	I-PER
,	O
Brad	O
Bryant	O
,	O
Craig	O
Parry	O
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
,	O

73	O
D.A.	O
Weibring	O
,	O
Brad	B-PER
Bryant	I-PER
,	O
Craig	T-0
Parry	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
,	O

73	O
D.A.	T-0
Weibring	T-3
,	O
Brad	T-1
Bryant	T-1
,	O
Craig	B-PER
Parry	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-2
)	O
,	O

73	O
D.A.	O
Weibring	O
,	O
Brad	O
Bryant	O
,	O
Craig	T-0
Parry	T-1
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

Stewart	B-PER
Ginn	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-1
)	O
,	O
Corey	T-0
Pavin	T-0
,	O
Craig	O
Stadler	O
,	O
Mark	O

Stewart	O
Ginn	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Corey	T-0
Pavin	T-0
,	O
Craig	T-1
Stadler	T-1
,	O
Mark	O

Stewart	T-0
Ginn	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
,	O
Corey	B-PER
Pavin	I-PER
,	O
Craig	T-1
Stadler	T-1
,	O
Mark	T-2

Stewart	T-0
Ginn	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
,	O
Corey	O
Pavin	O
,	O
Craig	B-PER
Stadler	I-PER
,	O
Mark	O

Stewart	O
Ginn	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
,	O
Corey	T-0
Pavin	T-0
,	O
Craig	T-1
Stadler	T-1
,	O
Mark	B-PER

O'Meara	B-PER
,	O
Fred	O
Couples	T-0

74	O
Paul	B-PER
Stankowski	I-PER
,	O
Costantino	T-0
Rocca	O
(	O
Italy	O
)	O

74	O
Paul	T-0
Stankowski	T-0
,	O
Costantino	B-PER
Rocca	I-PER
(	O
Italy	T-1
)	O

74	O
Paul	T-0
Stankowski	T-0
,	O
Costantino	T-1
Rocca	T-1
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O

75	O
Jim	B-PER
Furyk	I-PER
,	O
Satoshi	T-0
Higashi	T-0
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
,	O
Willie	T-1
Wood	T-1
,	O
Shigeki	T-2

75	O
Jim	O
Furyk	O
,	O
Satoshi	B-PER
Higashi	I-PER
(	O
Japan	T-0
)	O
,	O
Willie	O
Wood	O
,	O
Shigeki	O

75	O
Jim	T-2
Furyk	T-2
,	O
Satoshi	O
Higashi	O
(	O
Japan	T-0
)	O
,	O
Willie	B-PER
Wood	I-PER
,	O
Shigeki	T-1

75	O
Jim	T-0
Furyk	T-0
,	O
Satoshi	T-1
Higashi	T-1
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
,	O
Willie	T-2
Wood	T-2
,	O
Shigeki	B-PER

Maruyama	T-0
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O

76	T-0
Scott	B-PER
McCarron	I-PER

77	O
Wayne	B-PER
Westner	I-PER
(	O
South	T-0
Africa	T-0
)	O
,	O
Steve	T-1
Schneiter	T-1

77	O
Wayne	T-0
Westner	T-0
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
,	O
Steve	O
Schneiter	O

77	O
Wayne	O
Westner	O
(	O
South	T-0
Africa	T-0
)	O
,	O
Steve	B-PER
Schneiter	I-PER

79	T-0
Tom	B-PER
Watson	I-PER

81	O
Seiki	B-PER
Okuda	I-PER
(	O
Japan	T-0
)	O

81	O
Seiki	T-0
Okuda	T-0
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
GLORIA	B-ORG
BISTRITA	I-ORG
BEAT	T-1
2-1	O
F.C.	O
VALLETTA	T-2
.	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
GLORIA	O
BISTRITA	O
BEAT	O
2-1	O
F.C.	B-ORG
VALLETTA	I-ORG
.	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
(	O
Romania	T-3
)	O
beat	T-4
2-1	T-4
(	O
halftime	O
1-1	O
)	O
F.C.	O
Valletta	O
(	O
Malta	O
)	O
in	O
their	O
Cup	T-1
winners	T-1
Cup	T-2
match	T-2
,	O
second	O
leg	O
of	O
the	O
preliminary	T-0
round	O
,	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
(	O
Romania	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
2-1	O
(	O
halftime	O
1-1	O
)	O
F.C.	O
Valletta	O
(	O
Malta	T-0
)	O
in	O
their	O
Cup	O
winners	T-1
Cup	T-1
match	T-1
,	O
second	O
leg	O
of	O
the	O
preliminary	O
round	O
,	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
(	O
Romania	O
)	O
beat	T-0
2-1	O
(	O
halftime	O
1-1	O
)	O
F.C.	B-ORG
Valletta	I-ORG
(	O
Malta	O
)	O
in	O
their	O
Cup	T-3
winners	T-3
Cup	O
match	T-1
,	O
second	O
leg	O
of	O
the	O
preliminary	T-2
round	T-2
,	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Gloria	T-1
Bistrita	T-1
(	O
Romania	T-3
)	O
beat	T-4
2-1	O
(	O
halftime	O
1-1	O
)	O
F.C.	T-2
Valletta	T-2
(	O
Malta	B-LOC
)	O
in	O
their	O
Cup	T-0
winners	O
Cup	O
match	O
,	O
second	O
leg	O
of	O
the	O
preliminary	O
round	O
,	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
(	O
Romania	O
)	O
beat	O
2-1	O
(	O
halftime	O
1-1	O
)	O
F.C.	O
Valletta	O
(	O
Malta	O
)	O
in	O
their	T-2
Cup	B-MISC
winners	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
match	T-0
,	O
second	T-1
leg	T-1
of	O
the	O
preliminary	O
round	O
,	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
-	O
Ilie	T-0
Lazar	T-0
(	O
32nd	O
)	O
,	O
Eugen	T-1
Voica	T-1
(	O
84th	O
)	O

Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
-	O
Ilie	B-PER
Lazar	I-PER
(	O
32nd	O
)	O
,	O
Eugen	T-0
Voica	T-0
(	O
84th	O
)	O

Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
-	O
Ilie	O
Lazar	O
(	O
32nd	O
)	O
,	O
Eugen	B-PER
Voica	I-PER
(	T-0
84th	T-0
)	T-0

F.C.	T-0
La	T-0
Valletta	T-0
-	O
Gilbert	B-PER
Agius	I-PER
(	O
24th	O
)	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
won	O
4-2	O
on	O
aggregate	T-1
and	O
qualified	T-2
for	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
Cup	T-0
winners	T-0
Cup	T-0
.	O

Gloria	T-3
Bistrita	T-3
won	T-1
4-2	O
on	O
aggregate	O
and	O
qualified	T-2
for	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
of	O
the	T-0
Cup	B-MISC
winners	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
.	O

HORSE	O
RACING	O
-	O
PIVOTAL	B-PER
ENDS	T-0
25-YEAR	O
WAIT	O
FOR	O
TRAINER	T-1
PRESCOTT	O
.	O

HORSE	O
RACING	O
-	O
PIVOTAL	T-0
ENDS	O
25-YEAR	O
WAIT	O
FOR	O
TRAINER	O
PRESCOTT	B-PER
.	O

YORK	B-LOC
,	O
England	T-0
1996-08-22	O

YORK	T-1
,	O
England	B-LOC
1996-08-22	T-0

Sir	T-1
Mark	B-PER
Prescott	I-PER
landed	T-3
his	O
first	O
group	O
one	O
victory	O
in	O
25	O
years	O
as	O
a	O
trainer	O
when	O
his	O
top	O
sprinter	O
Pivotal	O
,	O
a	O
100-30	O
chance	O
,	O
won	T-2
the	O
Nunthorpe	T-0
Stakes	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Sir	T-1
Mark	T-1
Prescott	T-1
landed	O
his	O
first	O
group	O
one	O
victory	T-2
in	O
25	O
years	O
as	O
a	O
trainer	O
when	O
his	O
top	O
sprinter	T-3
Pivotal	B-PER
,	O
a	O
100-30	O
chance	O
,	O
won	T-4
the	O
Nunthorpe	O
Stakes	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Sir	T-0
Mark	T-0
Prescott	T-0
landed	O
his	O
first	O
group	O
one	O
victory	O
in	O
25	O
years	O
as	O
a	O
trainer	O
when	O
his	O
top	O
sprinter	O
Pivotal	O
,	O
a	O
100-30	O
chance	O
,	O
won	O
the	O
Nunthorpe	B-MISC
Stakes	I-MISC
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
three-year-old	O
,	O
partnered	O
by	O
veteran	T-0
George	B-PER
Duffield	I-PER
,	O
snatched	O
a	O
short	O
head	O
verdict	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
stride	O
to	O
deny	O
Eveningperformance	O
(	O
16-1	O
)	O
,	O
trained	O
by	O
Henry	O
Candy	O
and	O
ridden	O
by	O
Chris	O
Rutter	O
.	O

The	O
three-year-old	O
,	O
partnered	O
by	O
veteran	O
George	O
Duffield	O
,	O
snatched	O
a	O
short	O
head	O
verdict	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
stride	O
to	T-0
deny	T-0
Eveningperformance	B-PER
(	O
16-1	O
)	O
,	O
trained	T-1
by	O
Henry	O
Candy	O
and	O
ridden	O
by	O
Chris	O
Rutter	O
.	O

The	O
three-year-old	O
,	O
partnered	O
by	O
veteran	O
George	O
Duffield	O
,	O
snatched	T-2
a	O
short	O
head	O
verdict	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
stride	O
to	O
deny	O
Eveningperformance	O
(	O
16-1	O
)	O
,	O
trained	T-3
by	O
Henry	B-PER
Candy	I-PER
and	O
ridden	T-0
by	O
Chris	T-1
Rutter	T-1
.	O

The	O
three-year-old	O
,	O
partnered	T-0
by	O
veteran	O
George	O
Duffield	O
,	O
snatched	O
a	O
short	O
head	O
verdict	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
stride	O
to	O
deny	O
Eveningperformance	O
(	O
16-1	O
)	O
,	O
trained	O
by	O
Henry	O
Candy	O
and	O
ridden	O
by	O
Chris	B-PER
Rutter	I-PER
.	O

Hever	B-PER
Golf	I-PER
Rose	I-PER
(	O
11-4	O
)	O
,	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
Prix	O
de	O
l	O
'	O
Abbaye	O
winner	T-0
at	O
Longchamp	O
,	O
finished	O
third	O
,	O
a	O
further	O
one	O
and	O
a	O
quarter	O
lengths	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
7-4	O
favourite	O
Mind	O
Games	O
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

Hever	T-3
Golf	T-3
Rose	T-3
(	O
11-4	O
)	O
,	O
last	T-0
year	T-0
's	T-0
Prix	B-MISC
de	I-MISC
l	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
Abbaye	I-MISC
winner	T-1
at	O
Longchamp	O
,	O
finished	O
third	O
,	O
a	O
further	O
one	O
and	O
a	O
quarter	O
lengths	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
7-4	O
favourite	O
Mind	O
Games	T-2
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

Hever	O
Golf	O
Rose	O
(	O
11-4	O
)	O
,	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
Prix	O
de	O
l	O
'	O
Abbaye	O
winner	T-1
at	O
Longchamp	B-LOC
,	O
finished	T-0
third	T-2
,	O
a	O
further	O
one	O
and	O
a	O
quarter	O
lengths	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
7-4	O
favourite	O
Mind	O
Games	O
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

Hever	O
Golf	T-2
Rose	T-2
(	T-2
11-4	O
)	O
,	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
Prix	O
de	O
l	O
'	O
Abbaye	T-3
winner	T-1
at	O
Longchamp	T-0
,	O
finished	O
third	O
,	O
a	O
further	O
one	O
and	O
a	O
quarter	O
lengths	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
7-4	O
favourite	O
Mind	B-PER
Games	I-PER
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

Pivotal	B-PER
,	O
a	O
Royal	T-1
Ascot	T-2
winner	T-3
in	O
June	O
,	O
may	O
now	O
be	O
aimed	O
at	O
this	O
season	O
's	O
Abbaye	T-0
,	O
Europe	O
's	O
top	O
sprint	O
race	O
.	O

Pivotal	O
,	O
a	O
Royal	B-PER
Ascot	I-PER
winner	O
in	O
June	O
,	O
may	O
now	O
be	O
aimed	T-0
at	O
this	O
season	O
's	O
Abbaye	O
,	O
Europe	O
's	O
top	O
sprint	O
race	O
.	O

Pivotal	O
,	O
a	O
Royal	O
Ascot	O
winner	O
in	O
June	O
,	O
may	O
now	O
be	O
aimed	O
at	O
this	T-1
season	T-1
's	T-1
Abbaye	B-MISC
,	O
Europe	T-0
's	O
top	O
sprint	O
race	O
.	O

Pivotal	T-1
,	O
a	O
Royal	T-2
Ascot	T-2
winner	O
in	T-3
June	O
,	O
may	O
now	O
be	O
aimed	O
at	T-4
this	O
season	O
's	O
Abbaye	T-0
,	O
Europe	B-LOC
's	O
top	O
sprint	O
race	O
.	O

Prescott	B-PER
,	O
reluctant	T-2
to	O
go	O
into	O
the	O
winner	O
's	O
enclosure	T-0
until	O
the	O
result	O
of	O
the	O
photo-finish	O
was	O
announced	O
,	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
Twenty-five	O
years	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
been	T-1
there	O
so	O
I	O
thought	O
I	O
had	O
better	O
wait	O
a	O
bit	O
longer	O
.	O
"	O

He	O
added	T-0
:	O
"	O
It	O
's	O
very	O
sad	O
to	O
beat	T-1
Henry	B-PER
Candy	I-PER
because	O
I	O
am	O
godfather	O
to	O
his	O
daughter	O
.	O
"	O

Like	T-1
Prescott	B-PER
,	O
Jack	T-0
Berry	T-0
,	O
trainer	O
of	O
Mind	O
Games	O
,	O
had	O
gone	O
into	O
Thursday	O
's	O
race	O
in	O
search	O
of	O
a	O
first	O
group	O
one	O
success	O
after	O
many	O
years	O
around	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
his	O
profession	O
.	O

Like	O
Prescott	O
,	O
Jack	B-PER
Berry	I-PER
,	O
trainer	T-0
of	O
Mind	O
Games	O
,	O
had	T-1
gone	T-1
into	O
Thursday	O
's	O
race	O
in	O
search	O
of	O
a	O
first	O
group	O
one	O
success	O
after	O
many	O
years	O
around	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
his	O
profession	O
.	O

Like	O
Prescott	O
,	O
Jack	T-0
Berry	T-0
,	O
trainer	T-1
of	O
Mind	B-PER
Games	I-PER
,	O
had	O
gone	O
into	O
Thursday	O
's	O
race	O
in	O
search	O
of	O
a	O
first	O
group	O
one	O
success	O
after	O
many	O
years	O
around	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
his	O
profession	O
.	O

Berry	B-PER
said	O
:	O
"	O
I`m	T-0
disappointed	T-1
but	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
suicidal	O
.	O

He	T-0
(	O
Mind	B-PER
Games	I-PER
)	O
was	O
going	O
as	O
well	T-1
as	O
any	O
of	O
them	O
one	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
furlongs	T-2
(	O
300	O
metres	O
)	O
out	O
but	O
he	O
just	O
did	O
n't	O
quicken	O
.	O
"	O

YORK	B-LOC
,	O
England	T-0
1996-08-22	O

YORK	T-1
,	O
England	B-LOC
1996-08-22	T-0

Result	T-0
of	O
the	O
Nunthorpe	B-MISC
Stakes	I-MISC
,	O
a	O
group	O
one	O
race	O
for	O
two-year-olds	O
and	O
upwards	O
,	O
run	O
over	O
five	O
furlongs	T-1
(	O
1	O
km	O
)	O
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O

2.	O
Eveningperformance	B-PER
16-1	T-0
(	O
Chris	O
Rutter	O
)	O

2.	O
Eveningperformance	O
16-1	T-0
(	T-0
Chris	B-PER
Rutter	I-PER
)	O

3.	O
Hever	B-PER
Golf	I-PER
Rose	I-PER
11-4	O
(	O
Jason	T-0
Weaver	T-0
)	O

Favourite	T-1
:	O
Mind	B-PER
Games	I-PER
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
finished	T-0
4th	O

Winner	T-1
owned	T-3
by	O
the	O
Cheveley	B-ORG
Park	I-ORG
Stud	I-ORG
and	O
trained	T-2
by	O
Sir	O

Mark	B-PER
Prescott	I-PER
at	T-0
Newmarket	T-0
.	O

Mark	T-1
Prescott	T-1
at	T-0
Newmarket	B-LOC
.	O

TENNIS	T-0
-	O
RESULTS	O
AT	O
TOSHIBA	B-MISC
CLASSIC	I-MISC
.	O

CARLSBAD	B-LOC
,	O
California	T-0
1996-08-21	O

CARLSBAD	T-0
,	O
California	B-LOC
1996-08-21	O

$	T-0
450,000	T-0
Toshiba	B-MISC
Classic	I-MISC
tennis	O
tournament	T-1
on	O
Wednesday	O

1	O
-	O
Arantxa	B-PER
Sanchez	I-PER
Vicario	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-3
)	O
beat	T-2
Naoko	T-0
Kijimuta	T-1
(	O
Japan	O
)	O

1	O
-	O
Arantxa	O
Sanchez	O
Vicario	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Naoko	O
Kijimuta	O
(	O
Japan	T-0
)	O

1	O
-	O
Arantxa	T-0
Sanchez	T-0
Vicario	T-0
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
beat	T-3
Naoko	B-PER
Kijimuta	I-PER
(	O
Japan	T-2
)	O

4	O
-	O
Kimiko	B-PER
Date	I-PER
(	O
Japan	T-1
)	O
beat	T-0
Yone	O
Kamio	O
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
6-2	O
7-5	O

4	O
-	O
Kimiko	O
Date	O
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Yone	T-1
Kamio	T-1
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
6-2	O
7-5	O

4	O
-	O
Kimiko	O
Date	T-0
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Yone	B-PER
Kamio	I-PER
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
6-2	O
7-5	O

4	O
-	O
Kimiko	T-0
Date	T-0
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
beat	T-2
Yone	T-1
Kamio	T-1
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O
6-2	O
7-5	O

Sandrine	B-PER
Testud	I-PER
(	O
France	T-1
)	O
beat	T-0
7	O
-	O
Ai	O
Sugiyama	O
(	O
Japan	T-2
)	O
6-3	O
4-6	O

Sandrine	T-0
Testud	T-0
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
7	O
-	O
Ai	O
Sugiyama	O
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
6-3	O
4-6	O

Sandrine	T-0
Testud	T-0
(	O
France	O
)	O
beat	O
7	O
-	O
Ai	B-PER
Sugiyama	I-PER
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
6-3	O
4-6	O

Sandrine	O
Testud	O
(	O
France	O
)	O
beat	T-0
7	T-0
-	T-0
Ai	T-0
Sugiyama	T-0
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
4-6	O

8	O
-	O
Nathalie	B-PER
Tauziat	I-PER
(	O
France	T-0
)	O
beat	O
Shi-Ting	T-1
Wang	T-1
(	O
Taiwan	O
)	O
6-4	O

8	O
-	O
Nathalie	O
Tauziat	O
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Shi-Ting	O
Wang	O
(	O
Taiwan	T-0
)	O
6-4	O

8	O
-	O
Nathalie	T-2
Tauziat	T-2
(	O
France	T-0
)	O
beat	T-3
Shi-Ting	B-PER
Wang	I-PER
(	O
Taiwan	T-1
)	O
6-4	O

8	O
-	O
Nathalie	O
Tauziat	O
(	O
France	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Shi-Ting	T-1
Wang	T-1
(	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
)	O
6-4	O

TENNIS	T-0
-	O
RESULTS	O
AT	O
HAMLET	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
.	O

COMMACK	B-LOC
,	O
New	T-0
York	T-0
1996-08-21	O

COMMACK	T-0
,	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
1996-08-21	T-1

Waldbaum	B-MISC
Hamlet	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
tennis	T-0
tournament	T-1
on	O
Wednesday	O
(	O
prefix	O

1	O
-	O
Michael	B-PER
Chang	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Sergi	T-0
Bruguera	T-0
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

1	O
-	O
Michael	O
Chang	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Sergi	O
Bruguera	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

1	O
-	O
Michael	T-0
Chang	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-2
Sergi	B-PER
Bruguera	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

1	O
-	O
Michael	O
Chang	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Sergi	O
Bruguera	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

Michael	B-PER
Joyce	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-2
)	O
beat	O
3	O
-	O
Richey	T-0
Reneberg	T-0
(	O
U.S.	T-1
)	O
3-6	O
6-4	O

Michael	T-0
Joyce	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-2
3	O
-	O
Richey	O
Reneberg	O
(	O
U.S.	T-1
)	O
3-6	O
6-4	T-1

Michael	T-1
Joyce	T-1
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	O
3	O
-	O
Richey	B-PER
Reneberg	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
3-6	O
6-4	O

Michael	T-0
Joyce	T-0
(	O
U.S.	T-1
)	O
beat	O
3	O
-	O
Richey	O
Reneberg	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
3-6	O
6-4	O

Martin	B-PER
Damm	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
beat	T-0
6	O
-	O
Younes	T-1
El	T-1
Aynaoui	T-1

Martin	T-0
Damm	T-0
(	T-0
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
beat	O
6	O
-	O
Younes	O
El	O
Aynaoui	O

Martin	O
Damm	O
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
beat	T-0
6	T-0
-	O
Younes	B-PER
El	I-PER
Aynaoui	I-PER

Karol	B-PER
Kucera	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Hicham	T-1
Arazi	T-1
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O

Karol	T-2
Kucera	T-2
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
Hicham	T-3
Arazi	T-3
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O
7-6	T-0
(	T-0
7-4	T-0
)	T-0

Karol	T-0
Kucera	T-0
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Hicham	B-PER
Arazi	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O

Karol	T-0
Kucera	T-0
(	O
Slovakia	T-1
)	O
beat	O
Hicham	T-2
Arazi	T-3
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O

SOCCER	T-1
-	O
DALGLISH	B-PER
SAD	T-0
OVER	T-0
BLACKBURN	O
PARTING	O
.	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
DALGLISH	O
SAD	O
OVER	O
BLACKBURN	B-ORG
PARTING	T-1
.	O

Kenny	B-PER
Dalglish	I-PER
spoke	O
on	O
Thursday	O
of	O
his	O
sadness	O
at	O
leaving	O
Blackburn	T-0
,	O
the	O
club	O
he	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
English	O
premier	O
league	O
title	O
in	O
1994-95	O
.	O

Kenny	T-2
Dalglish	T-2
spoke	T-0
on	T-0
Thursday	O
of	O
his	O
sadness	O
at	O
leaving	T-1
Blackburn	B-ORG
,	O
the	O
club	O
he	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
English	O
premier	O
league	O
title	O
in	O
1994-95	O
.	O

Kenny	O
Dalglish	O
spoke	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
of	O
his	O
sadness	O
at	O
leaving	T-1
Blackburn	O
,	O
the	O
club	T-2
he	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
English	B-MISC
premier	O
league	O
title	O
in	O
1994-95	O
.	O

Blackburn	B-ORG
announced	T-0
on	O
Wednesday	O
they	T-2
and	T-2
Dalglish	T-2
had	O
parted	O
by	O
mutual	O
consent	O
.	O

Blackburn	T-3
announced	O
on	O
Wednesday	T-4
they	T-1
and	T-1
Dalglish	B-PER
had	T-2
parted	T-2
by	O
mutual	T-5
consent	T-5
.	O

But	O
the	O
ex-manager	O
confessed	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
being	O
"	O
sad	O
"	O
at	O
leaving	O
after	O
taking	O
Blackburn	B-ORG
from	O
the	O
second	O
division	T-0
to	O
the	O
premier	O
league	O
title	O
inside	O
three	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
years	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
telephone	O
call	O
to	O
a	O
local	O
newspaper	O
from	O
his	O
holiday	O
home	O
in	T-2
Spain	B-LOC
,	O
Dalglish	T-3
said	O
:	O
"	O
We	O
came	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
opinion	O
,	O
albeit	T-0
the	O
club	O
came	O
to	O
it	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
earlier	O
than	O
me	T-1
.	O
"	O

In	O
a	O
telephone	O
call	O
to	O
a	O
local	T-0
newspaper	T-0
from	O
his	O
holiday	O
home	O
in	O
Spain	T-1
,	O
Dalglish	B-PER
said	O
:	O
"	O
We	O
came	O
to	O
the	O
same	O
opinion	O
,	O
albeit	O
the	O
club	O
came	O
to	O
it	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
earlier	O
than	O
me	O
.	O
"	O

Dalglish	B-PER
had	T-2
been	T-2
with	T-2
Blackburn	T-0
for	O
nearly	O
five	O
years	O
,	O
first	O
as	O
manager	O
and	O
then	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
past	T-1
15	O
months	O
,	O
as	O
director	T-3
of	O
football	O
.	O

Dalglish	O
had	T-1
been	T-1
with	T-1
Blackburn	B-ORG
for	O
nearly	O
five	O
years	O
,	O
first	O
as	O
manager	T-0
and	O
then	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
past	O
15	O
months	O
,	O
as	O
director	O
of	O
football	O
.	O

CRICKET	T-0
-	O
ENGLISH	B-MISC
COUNTY	I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP	I-MISC
SCORES	T-1
.	O

English	B-MISC
County	O
Championship	T-0
cricket	T-1
matches	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O

At	O
Weston-super-Mare	B-LOC
:	O
Durham	T-0
326	O
(	O
D.	O
Cox	O
95	O
not	O
out	O
,	O

At	O
Weston-super-Mare	O
:	O
Durham	T-1
326	O
(	O
D.	B-PER
Cox	I-PER
95	O
not	T-0
out	T-0
,	O

S.	B-PER
Campbell	I-PER
69	O
;	O
G.	T-0
Rose	T-1
7-73	O
)	O
.	O

S.	T-0
Campbell	O
69	O
;	O
G.	B-PER
Rose	I-PER
7-73	O
)	O
.	T-0

Somerset	T-0
236-4	O
(	O
M.	B-PER
Lathwell	I-PER
85	O
)	O
.	O

At	T-0
Colchester	B-LOC
:	O
Gloucestershire	T-1
280	O
(	O
J.	O
Russell	O
63	O
,	O
A.	O
Symonds	O

At	T-0
Colchester	T-1
:	O
Gloucestershire	B-ORG
280	O
(	O
J.	O
Russell	O
63	O
,	O
A.	O
Symonds	O

At	O
Colchester	O
:	O
Gloucestershire	T-0
280	O
(	O
J.	B-PER
Russell	I-PER
63	O
,	O
A.	O
Symonds	O

At	O
Colchester	O
:	O
Gloucestershire	T-0
280	O
(	O
J.	T-1
Russell	T-1
63	T-1
,	O
A.	B-PER
Symonds	I-PER

Essex	B-ORG
72-0	T-0
.	T-0

At	T-1
Cardiff	B-LOC
:	O
Kent	T-0
128-1	O
(	O
M.	O
Walker	O
59	O
,	O
D.	O
Fulton	O
53	O
not	O
out	O
)	O
v	O

At	O
Cardiff	T-0
:	O
Kent	B-ORG
128-1	O
(	O
M.	O
Walker	O
59	O
,	O
D.	O
Fulton	O
53	O
not	O
out	O
)	O
v	O

At	T-0
Cardiff	T-0
:	O
Kent	O
128-1	O
(	O
M.	B-PER
Walker	I-PER
59	T-2
,	O
D.	O
Fulton	O
53	O
not	T-1
out	T-1
)	O
v	O

At	O
Cardiff	O
:	O
Kent	T-1
128-1	O
(	O
M.	T-2
Walker	T-2
59	O
,	O
D.	B-PER
Fulton	I-PER
53	T-0
not	T-0
out	T-0
)	O
v	O

Glamorgan	B-ORG
.	T-0

At	T-0
Leicester	B-LOC
:	O
Leicestershire	O
343-8	O
(	O
P.	O
Simmons	O
108	O
,	O
P.	O
Nixon	O

At	O
Leicester	O
:	O
Leicestershire	B-ORG
343-8	O
(	O
P.	T-0
Simmons	T-0
108	O
,	O
P.	T-1
Nixon	T-1

At	T-2
Leicester	O
:	O
Leicestershire	T-0
343-8	O
(	O
P.	T-1
Simmons	T-1
108	O
,	O
P.	B-PER
Nixon	I-PER

At	T-1
Northampton	B-LOC
:	O
Sussex	T-0
368-7	O
(	O
N.	O
Lenham	O
145	O
,	O
V.	O
Drakes	O
59	O
not	O

At	T-0
Northampton	T-1
:	O
Sussex	B-ORG
368-7	O
(	O
N.	O
Lenham	O
145	O
,	O
V.	O
Drakes	O
59	O
not	O

At	O
Northampton	T-0
:	O
Sussex	T-1
368-7	O
(	O
N.	B-PER
Lenham	I-PER
145	T-2
,	O
V.	O
Drakes	O
59	O
not	O

At	O
Northampton	T-0
:	O
Sussex	O
368-7	O
(	O
N.	T-1
Lenham	T-1
145	T-1
,	O
V.	B-PER
Drakes	I-PER
59	O
not	O

out	O
,	O
A.	B-PER
Wells	I-PER
51	O
)	O
v	T-1
Northamptonshire	T-0
.	O

out	O
,	O
A.	T-1
Wells	T-1
51	O
)	O
v	T-2
Northamptonshire	B-ORG
.	O

At	T-0
Trent	B-LOC
Bridge	I-LOC
:	O
Nottinghamshire	O
392-6	O
(	O
G.	O
Archer	O
143	O
not	O

At	T-0
Trent	O
Bridge	O
:	O
Nottinghamshire	B-ORG
392-6	O
(	O
G.	O
Archer	O
143	O
not	O

At	O
Trent	T-0
Bridge	T-0
:	O
Nottinghamshire	O
392-6	O
(	O
G.	B-PER
Archer	I-PER
143	O
not	O

out	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Dowman	I-PER
107	O
)	O
v	T-0
Surrey	O
.	O

out	O
,	O
M.	O
Dowman	O
107	O
)	O
v	T-0
Surrey	B-ORG
.	O

At	T-1
Worcester	B-LOC
:	O
Warwickshire	T-0
255-9	O
(	O
A.	O
Giles	O
57	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
W.	O
Khan	O

At	O
Worcester	O
:	O
Warwickshire	T-0
255-9	O
(	O
A.	B-PER
Giles	I-PER
57	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
W.	O
Khan	O

At	O
Worcester	T-1
:	O
Warwickshire	O
255-9	O
(	O
A.	O
Giles	O
57	O
not	T-0
out	T-0
,	O
W.	B-PER
Khan	I-PER

52	O
)	O
v	T-0
Worcestershire	B-ORG
.	T-1

At	T-0
Headingley	B-LOC
:	O
Yorkshire	T-1
305-5	O
(	O
C.	O
White	O
66	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
M.	O
Moxon	O

At	O
Headingley	T-1
:	O
Yorkshire	B-ORG
305-5	T-0
(	O
C.	O
White	O
66	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
M.	O
Moxon	O

At	T-2
Headingley	O
:	O
Yorkshire	T-0
305-5	O
(	O
C.	B-PER
White	I-PER
66	O
not	O
out	T-3
,	O
M.	T-1
Moxon	T-1

66	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Vaughan	I-PER
57	T-0
)	O
v	O
Lancashire	T-1
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
V	O
PAKISTAN	T-0
FINAL	T-1
TEST	O
SCOREBOARD	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLAND	T-0
V	T-1
PAKISTAN	B-LOC
FINAL	O
TEST	O
SCOREBOARD	O
.	O

third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
between	O
England	B-LOC
and	T-0
Pakistan	T-0
at	T-0
The	T-0
Oval	T-0
on	O

third	T-2
and	O
final	T-3
test	O
between	O
England	O
and	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
at	T-1
The	O
Oval	T-0
on	O

third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
between	O
England	O
and	O
Pakistan	T-0
at	O
The	B-LOC
Oval	I-LOC
on	O

England	B-LOC
first	T-0
innings	O

M.	B-PER
Atherton	I-PER
b	T-0
Waqar	T-1
Younis	T-2
31	O

M.	T-0
Atherton	T-0
b	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
31	O

A.	B-PER
Stewart	I-PER
b	O
Mushtaq	T-0
Ahmed	T-0
44	O

A.	O
Stewart	T-1
b	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
44	T-0

N.	B-PER
Hussain	I-PER
c	T-0
Saeed	T-1
Anwar	T-1
b	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
12	O

N.	T-0
Hussain	T-0
c	O
Saeed	B-PER
Anwar	I-PER
b	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
12	O

N.	O
Hussain	O
c	O
Saeed	T-0
Anwar	T-0
b	T-1
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
12	O

G.	B-PER
Thorpe	I-PER
lbw	T-0
b	T-1
Mohammad	T-3
Akram	T-4
54	O

G.	O
Thorpe	O
lbw	T-1
b	O
Mohammad	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
54	T-0

J.	B-PER
Crawley	I-PER
not	T-0
out	T-0
94	T-0

N.	B-PER
Knight	I-PER
b	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	T-0
17	O

N.	T-0
Knight	T-0
b	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
17	O

C.	B-PER
Lewis	I-PER
b	O
Wasim	T-0
Akram	T-0
5	O

C.	O
Lewis	T-0
b	T-0
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
5	O

To	T-0
bat	T-0
:	O
R.	B-PER
Croft	I-PER
,	O
D.	O
Cork	O
,	O
A.	O
Mullally	O

To	O
bat	O
:	O
R.	T-0
Croft	T-0
,	O
D.	B-PER
Cork	I-PER
,	O
A.	O
Mullally	O

Bowling	T-1
(	O
to	O
date	O
)	O
:	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
25-8-61-1	T-0
,	O
Waqar	T-2
Younis	T-2

20-6-70-2	T-0
,	O
Mohammad	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
12-1-41-1	O
,	O
Mushtaq	T-1
Ahmed	T-1
27-5-78-2	O
,	O

20-6-70-2	O
,	O
Mohammad	T-1
Akram	T-1
12-1-41-1	O
,	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
27-5-78-2	O
,	T-0

Pakistan	B-LOC
:	O
Aamir	T-0
Sohail	T-0
,	O
Saeed	O
Anwar	O
,	O
Ijaz	O
Ahmed	O
,	O

Pakistan	T-0
:	O
Aamir	B-PER
Sohail	I-PER
,	O
Saeed	T-1
Anwar	T-1
,	O
Ijaz	O
Ahmed	O
,	O

Pakistan	T-0
:	O
Aamir	O
Sohail	O
,	O
Saeed	B-PER
Anwar	I-PER
,	O
Ijaz	O
Ahmed	O
,	O

Pakistan	O
:	O
Aamir	T-0
Sohail	T-0
,	O
Saeed	O
Anwar	O
,	O
Ijaz	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
,	O

Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	B-PER
Malik	I-PER
,	O
Asif	T-0
Mujtaba	T-0
,	O
Wasim	T-1
Akram	T-1
,	O
Moin	O

Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	T-0
Malik	T-0
,	O
Asif	B-PER
Mujtaba	I-PER
,	O
Wasim	T-1
Akram	T-1
,	O
Moin	O

Inzamam-ul-Haq	T-1
,	O
Salim	O
Malik	O
,	O
Asif	O
Mujtaba	O
,	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
,	O
Moin	T-0

Inzamam-ul-Haq	T-0
,	O
Salim	O
Malik	O
,	O
Asif	O
Mujtaba	O
,	O
Wasim	O
Akram	O
,	O
Moin	B-PER

Khan	O
,	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
,	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
,	O
Mohammad	T-0
Akam	T-0

Khan	O
,	O
Mushtaq	T-0
Ahmed	T-0
,	T-0
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
,	O
Mohammad	T-1
Akam	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
FERGUSON	B-PER
BACK	O
IN	O
SCOTTISH	O
SQUAD	T-1
AFTER	O
20	O
MONTHS	O
.	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
FERGUSON	O
BACK	O
IN	T-1
SCOTTISH	B-MISC
SQUAD	T-2
AFTER	O
20	O
MONTHS	O
.	O

Everton	B-ORG
's	O
Duncan	O
Ferguson	T-0
,	O
who	O
scored	T-2
twice	O
against	T-3
Manchester	O
United	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
was	O
picked	O
on	O
Thursday	O
for	O
the	O
Scottish	T-1
squad	O
after	O
a	O
20-month	O
exile	O
.	O

Everton	O
's	O
Duncan	B-PER
Ferguson	I-PER
,	O
who	O
scored	O
twice	O
against	T-2
Manchester	T-1
United	T-1
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
was	O
picked	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
for	O
the	O
Scottish	O
squad	O
after	O
a	O
20-month	O
exile	O
.	T-2

Everton	T-1
's	T-1
Duncan	T-1
Ferguson	T-1
,	O
who	O
scored	T-0
twice	T-0
against	T-0
Manchester	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
was	O
picked	O
on	O
Thursday	O
for	O
the	O
Scottish	O
squad	T-2
after	O
a	O
20-month	O
exile	O
.	O

Everton	O
's	O
Duncan	O
Ferguson	O
,	O
who	O
scored	T-0
twice	O
against	O
Manchester	O
United	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
was	O
picked	O
on	O
Thursday	O
for	T-1
the	T-1
Scottish	B-MISC
squad	T-2
after	O
a	O
20-month	O
exile	O
.	O

Glasgow	B-ORG
Rangers	I-ORG
striker	T-0
Ally	T-0
McCoist	T-0
,	O
another	O
man	O
in	O
form	O
after	O
two	O
hat-tricks	O
in	O
four	O
days	O
,	O
was	O
also	O
named	O
for	O
the	O
August	O
31	O
World	O
Cup	O
qualifier	O
against	O
Austria	O
in	O
Vienna	O
.	O

Glasgow	T-3
Rangers	T-3
striker	T-2
Ally	B-PER
McCoist	I-PER
,	O
another	O
man	O
in	O
form	O
after	O
two	O
hat-tricks	O
in	O
four	O
days	O
,	O
was	O
also	O
named	T-0
for	O
the	O
August	O
31	O
World	O
Cup	O
qualifier	O
against	T-1
Austria	O
in	O
Vienna	O
.	O

Glasgow	T-1
Rangers	O
striker	O
Ally	O
McCoist	O
,	O
another	O
man	O
in	O
form	O
after	O
two	O
hat-tricks	O
in	O
four	O
days	O
,	O
was	O
also	O
named	O
for	O
the	O
August	O
31	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
qualifier	T-0
against	T-0
Austria	T-0
in	T-0
Vienna	T-0
.	O

Glasgow	O
Rangers	O
striker	O
Ally	T-0
McCoist	T-0
,	O
another	O
man	O
in	O
form	O
after	O
two	O
hat-tricks	O
in	O
four	O
days	O
,	O
was	O
also	O
named	T-1
for	O
the	O
August	O
31	O
World	O
Cup	O
qualifier	O
against	T-2
Austria	B-LOC
in	O
Vienna	O
.	O

Glasgow	O
Rangers	O
striker	O
Ally	O
McCoist	O
,	O
another	O
man	O
in	O
form	O
after	O
two	O
hat-tricks	O
in	O
four	O
days	O
,	O
was	O
also	O
named	O
for	O
the	O
August	O
31	O
World	T-1
Cup	T-1
qualifier	O
against	O
Austria	O
in	T-0
Vienna	B-LOC
.	O

Ferguson	B-PER
,	O
who	T-1
served	O
six	O
weeks	O
in	O
jail	T-0
in	O
late	O
1995	O
for	O
head-butting	O
an	O
opponent	O
,	O
won	O
the	O
last	O
of	O
his	O
five	O
Scotland	O
caps	O
in	O
December	O
1994	O
.	O

Ferguson	T-1
,	O
who	O
served	O
six	O
weeks	O
in	O
jail	O
in	O
late	O
1995	O
for	O
head-butting	T-2
an	O
opponent	O
,	O
won	T-3
the	O
last	O
of	O
his	O
five	O
Scotland	B-LOC
caps	T-0
in	O
December	O
1994	O
.	O

Scotland	B-LOC
manager	T-2
Craig	T-2
Brown	T-2
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
've	O
watched	O
Duncan	O
Ferguson	O
in	O
action	O
twice	O
recently	O
and	O
he	O
's	O
bang	O
in	O
form	O
.	O

Scotland	T-1
manager	T-1
Craig	B-PER
Brown	I-PER
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
've	O
watched	T-0
Duncan	O
Ferguson	O
in	O
action	O
twice	O
recently	O
and	O
he	O
's	O
bang	O
in	O
form	O
.	O

Scotland	O
manager	T-0
Craig	O
Brown	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
've	O
watched	O
Duncan	B-PER
Ferguson	I-PER
in	O
action	O
twice	O
recently	O
and	O
he	O
's	O
bang	O
in	O
form	O
.	O

Ally	B-PER
McCoist	I-PER
is	O
also	O
in	O
great	T-0
scoring	O
form	O
at	O
the	O
moment	O
.	O
"	O

Celtic	B-ORG
's	O
Jackie	T-1
McNamara	T-1
,	O
who	O
did	O
well	O
with	O
last	O
season	T-0
's	O
successful	O
under-21	O
team	O
,	O
earns	O
a	O
call-up	O
to	O
the	O
senior	T-2
squad	T-2
.	O

Celtic	T-1
's	O
Jackie	B-PER
McNamara	I-PER
,	O
who	O
did	O
well	O
with	O
last	O
season	O
's	O
successful	O
under-21	O
team	O
,	O
earns	O
a	O
call-up	T-2
to	O
the	O
senior	O
squad	T-0
.	O

CRICKET	T-0
-	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
100-2	O
AT	O
LUNCH	O
ON	O
FIRST	O
DAY	O
OF	O
THIRD	O
TEST	O
.	O

England	B-LOC
were	O
100	O
for	O
two	O
at	O
lunch	T-2
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
final	T-3
test	T-3
against	T-1
Pakistan	T-0
at	O
The	O
Oval	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

England	T-0
were	O
100	O
for	O
two	O
at	O
lunch	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
against	T-1
Pakistan	B-LOC
at	T-2
The	O
Oval	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	T-1

England	T-1
were	O
100	O
for	O
two	O
at	O
lunch	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
against	O
Pakistan	T-2
at	O
The	B-LOC
Oval	I-LOC
on	T-0
Thursday	T-0
.	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
KEANE	B-PER
SIGNS	O
FOUR-YEAR	O
CONTRACT	O
WITH	O
MANCHESTER	T-1
UNITED	T-1
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
KEANE	T-1
SIGNS	T-2
FOUR-YEAR	O
CONTRACT	T-0
WITH	O
MANCHESTER	B-LOC
UNITED	I-LOC
.	O

Ireland	B-LOC
midfielder	O
Roy	T-2
Keane	T-2
has	O
signed	T-0
a	O
new	O
four-year	O
contract	O
with	O
English	O
league	O
and	O
F.A.	T-1
Cup	T-1
champions	T-1
Manchester	T-1
United	T-1
.	O

Ireland	O
midfielder	O
Roy	B-PER
Keane	I-PER
has	T-0
signed	T-0
a	T-0
new	T-0
four-year	T-0
contract	T-0
with	O
English	O
league	O
and	O
F.A.	O
Cup	O
champions	O
Manchester	O
United	O
.	O

Ireland	O
midfielder	T-0
Roy	T-1
Keane	T-1
has	O
signed	O
a	O
new	O
four-year	T-2
contract	T-3
with	T-3
English	B-MISC
league	O
and	O
F.A.	O
Cup	O
champions	O
Manchester	O
United	O
.	O

Ireland	O
midfielder	O
Roy	T-3
Keane	T-3
has	O
signed	T-0
a	O
new	O
four-year	O
contract	T-1
with	O
English	O
league	O
and	O
F.A.	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
champions	O
Manchester	T-2
United	T-2
.	O

Ireland	O
midfielder	T-0
Roy	T-1
Keane	T-1
has	O
signed	O
a	O
new	O
four-year	O
contract	O
with	O
English	T-2
league	T-2
and	O
F.A.	T-3
Cup	T-3
champions	T-4
Manchester	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
.	O

"	O
Roy	B-PER
agreed	T-1
a	O
new	O
deal	O
before	O
last	O
night	O
's	O
game	O
against	O
Everton	O
and	O
we	O
are	O
delighted	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-0
United	O
manager	O
Alex	O
Ferguson	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
Roy	O
agreed	T-2
a	O
new	T-1
deal	T-1
before	O
last	O
night	O
's	O
game	O
against	T-0
Everton	B-ORG
and	O
we	O
are	O
delighted	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-3
United	O
manager	O
Alex	O
Ferguson	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
Roy	O
agreed	O
a	O
new	O
deal	O
before	O
last	O
night	O
's	O
game	O
against	O
Everton	O
and	O
we	O
are	O
delighted	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-2
United	B-ORG
manager	T-0
Alex	T-1
Ferguson	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
Roy	O
agreed	O
a	O
new	O
deal	O
before	O
last	O
night	O
's	O
game	O
against	O
Everton	O
and	O
we	O
are	O
delighted	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
United	T-0
manager	T-0
Alex	B-PER
Ferguson	I-PER
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

TENNIS	T-0
-	O
RESULTS	O
AT	O
CANADIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

Results	T-1
from	T-0
the	T-0
Canadian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC

Daniel	B-PER
Nestor	I-PER
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
beat	O
1	O
-	O
Thomas	T-0
Muster	T-0
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
6-3	O
7-5	O

Daniel	O
Nestor	O
(	O
Canada	T-0
)	O
beat	O
1	O
-	O
Thomas	B-PER
Muster	I-PER
(	O
Austria	T-1
)	O
6-3	O
7-5	O

Daniel	O
Nestor	O
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
beat	T-0
1	O
-	O
Thomas	T-1
Muster	O
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
7-5	O

Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
beat	O
2	O
-	O
Goran	T-0
Ivanisevic	T-0
(	O
Croatia	O
)	O

Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
2	O
-	O
Goran	O
Ivanisevic	O
(	O
Croatia	T-0
)	O

Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
beat	O
2	O
-	O
Goran	B-PER
Ivanisevic	I-PER
(	O
Croatia	T-1
)	O

Mikael	T-0
Tillstrom	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
beat	T-1
2	O
-	O
Goran	O
Ivanisevic	O
(	O
Croatia	B-LOC
)	O

3	O
-	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
beat	O
Jiri	T-0
Novak	T-0
(	O
Czech	O

3	O
-	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
Jiri	T-0
Novak	O
(	O
Czech	O

3	O
-	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Jiri	B-PER
Novak	I-PER
(	O
Czech	T-0

3	O
-	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Jiri	T-0
Novak	T-0
(	O
Czech	B-LOC

Republic	B-LOC
)	O
7-5	T-0
6-3	T-0

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	B-PER
Rios	I-PER
(	O
Chile	O
)	O
beat	O
Kenneth	T-0
Carlsen	T-1
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	O
Rios	O
(	O
Chile	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Kenneth	O
Carlsen	O
(	O
Denmark	T-1
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	T-0
Rios	T-0
(	O
Chile	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Kenneth	B-PER
Carlsen	I-PER
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	T-0
Rios	T-0
(	O
Chile	O
)	O
beat	O
Kenneth	O
Carlsen	O
(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O
6-2	O

6	O
-	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Alex	O
Corretja	O
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
6-4	O

6	O
-	O
MaliVai	T-2
Washington	T-2
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Alex	B-PER
Corretja	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
6-4	O

6	O
-	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
(	O
U.S.	T-1
)	O
beat	O
Alex	T-0
Corretja	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
6-4	O

7	O
-	O
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
beat	T-1
Renzo	O
Furlan	O
(	O
Italy	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-3	O
)	O
6-3	T-0

7	O
-	O
Todd	T-2
Martin	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
Renzo	T-0
Furlan	T-0
(	O
Italy	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-3	O
)	O
6-3	O

7	O
-	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Renzo	O
Furlan	O
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-3	O
)	O
6-3	O

Mark	T-0
Philippoussis	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
beat	O
8	O
-	O
Marc	B-PER
Rosset	I-PER

9	O
-	O
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
(	O
France	O
)	O
beat	O
Gregory	T-0
Carraz	T-0
(	O
France	O
)	O
7-6	O

9	O
-	O
Cedric	O
Pioline	T-2
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Gregory	T-1
Carraz	T-1
(	O
France	T-0
)	O
7-6	O

9	O
-	O
Cedric	T-0
Pioline	T-0
(	O
France	O
)	O
beat	O
Gregory	B-PER
Carraz	I-PER
(	O
France	T-1
)	O
7-6	O

9	O
-	O
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
(	O
France	T-0
)	O
beat	O
Gregory	T-1
Carraz	T-1
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O

Patrick	B-PER
Rafter	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
beat	O
11	O
-	O
Alberto	T-0
Berasategui	O

Patrick	O
Rafter	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
11	O
-	O
Alberto	O
Berasategui	O

Patrick	O
Rafter	O
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
beat	T-1
11	O
-	O
Alberto	B-PER
Berasategui	I-PER

(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
6-1	T-0
6-2	T-1

Petr	B-PER
Korda	I-PER
(	O
Czech	T-0
Republic	T-0
)	O
beat	T-2
12	O
-	O
Francisco	O
Clavet	O
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O

Petr	T-0
Korda	T-0
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
12	O
-	O
Francisco	O
Clavet	O
(	O
Spain	T-2
)	O

Petr	O
Korda	O
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
beat	O
12	O
-	O
Francisco	T-0
Clavet	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
beat	O
13	O
-	O
Jason	T-0
Stoltenberg	T-0

Daniel	T-0
Vacek	T-0
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
beat	O
13	O
-	O
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O

Daniel	O
Vacek	O
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
beat	T-0
13	O
-	O
Jason	B-PER
Stoltenberg	I-PER

(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
5-7	T-0
7-6	T-0
(	T-0
7-1	T-0
)	T-0
7-6	T-1
(	T-1
13-11	T-1
)	T-1

Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
beat	T-0
Sebastien	T-1
Lareau	T-1
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
6-3	O

Todd	T-2
Woodbridge	T-2
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
beat	O
Sebastien	O
Lareau	O
(	T-1
Canada	T-1
)	T-1
6-3	O

Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
(	O
Australia	T-0
beat	T-1
Sebastien	B-PER
Lareau	I-PER
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
6-3	O

Todd	T-2
Woodbridge	O
(	O
Australia	T-0
beat	O
Sebastien	T-1
Lareau	T-1
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	O

Alex	O
O'Brien	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Byron	O
Black	O
(	O
Zimbabwe	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
6-2	O

Alex	O
O'Brien	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Byron	B-PER
Black	I-PER
(	O
Zimbabwe	T-1
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
6-2	O

Alex	O
O'Brien	O
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
beat	O
Byron	O
Black	O
(	O
Zimbabwe	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
6-2	O

Bohdan	B-PER
Ulihrach	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	T-0
)	O
beat	T-1
Andrea	T-2
Gaudenzi	T-2
(	O
Italy	O
)	O

Bohdan	T-0
Ulihrach	T-0
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
beat	T-2
Andrea	T-1
Gaudenzi	T-1
(	O
Italy	O
)	O

Bohdan	O
Ulihrach	O
(	O
Czech	T-1
Republic	T-1
)	O
beat	T-2
Andrea	B-PER
Gaudenzi	I-PER
(	O
Italy	T-3
)	T-0

Bohdan	O
Ulihrach	O
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Andrea	T-0
Gaudenzi	T-0
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O

Tim	B-PER
Henman	I-PER
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
beat	O
Chris	O
Woodruff	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
,	O
walkover	T-0

Tim	O
Henman	O
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
Chris	T-0
Woodruff	T-0
(	O
U.S.	T-2
)	O
,	O
walkover	O

Tim	O
Henman	O
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
beat	O
Chris	B-PER
Woodruff	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
,	O
walkover	O

Tim	T-3
Henman	T-3
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Chris	T-2
Woodruff	T-2
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
walkover	T-1

CRICKET	O
-	O
MILLNS	B-PER
SIGNS	T-0
FOR	O
BOLAND	T-1
.	O

CRICKET	T-1
-	O
MILLNS	O
SIGNS	T-0
FOR	O
BOLAND	B-ORG
.	O

South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
provincial	O
side	O
Boland	O
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
they	O
had	O
signed	T-0
Leicestershire	T-2
fast	O
bowler	O
David	O
Millns	O
on	O
a	O
one	O
year	O
contract	O
.	O

South	O
African	O
provincial	O
side	O
Boland	B-ORG
said	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
they	O
had	O
signed	O
Leicestershire	O
fast	O
bowler	O
David	O
Millns	O
on	O
a	O
one	O
year	O
contract	O
.	O

South	O
African	O
provincial	O
side	O
Boland	T-0
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
they	O
had	O
signed	T-1
Leicestershire	B-ORG
fast	T-2
bowler	T-2
David	O
Millns	O
on	O
a	O
one	O
year	O
contract	O
.	O

South	O
African	O
provincial	O
side	O
Boland	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
they	T-1
had	T-1
signed	O
Leicestershire	O
fast	T-2
bowler	T-2
David	B-PER
Millns	I-PER
on	O
a	O
one	O
year	O
contract	O
.	O

Millns	B-MISC
,	O
who	T-1
toured	T-1
Australia	O
with	O
England	O
A	O
in	O
1992/93	O
,	O
replaces	O
former	O
England	O
all-rounder	O
Phillip	O
DeFreitas	O
as	O
Boland	O
's	O
overseas	O
professional	O
.	O

Millns	T-1
,	O
who	O
toured	T-0
Australia	B-LOC
with	O
England	O
A	O
in	O
1992/93	O
,	O
replaces	O
former	O
England	O
all-rounder	O
Phillip	O
DeFreitas	O
as	O
Boland	O
's	O
overseas	T-2
professional	O
.	O

Millns	O
,	O
who	O
toured	T-1
Australia	T-1
with	O
England	B-LOC
A	O
in	O
1992/93	O
,	O
replaces	O
former	O
England	O
all-rounder	O
Phillip	O
DeFreitas	O
as	O
Boland	T-2
's	T-2
overseas	T-0
professional	O
.	O

Millns	T-2
,	O
who	O
toured	T-0
Australia	O
with	O
England	O
A	O
in	O
1992/93	O
,	O
replaces	O
former	O
England	B-LOC
all-rounder	O
Phillip	O
DeFreitas	O
as	O
Boland	O
's	O
overseas	T-1
professional	O
.	O

Millns	T-0
,	O
who	O
toured	O
Australia	O
with	O
England	O
A	O
in	O
1992/93	O
,	O
replaces	T-1
former	T-2
England	T-2
all-rounder	T-2
Phillip	B-PER
DeFreitas	I-PER
as	O
Boland	T-3
's	T-3
overseas	T-3
professional	T-3
.	T-3

Millns	T-1
,	O
who	O
toured	T-0
Australia	T-2
with	O
England	O
A	O
in	O
1992/93	O
,	O
replaces	O
former	O
England	O
all-rounder	O
Phillip	O
DeFreitas	O
as	O
Boland	B-ORG
's	O
overseas	O
professional	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
EUROPEAN	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
WINNERS	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
RESULTS	T-0
.	O

Results	T-0
of	O
European	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
Winners	I-MISC
'	I-MISC

Cup	B-MISC
qualifying	O
round	O
,	O
second	O
leg	O
soccer	T-0
matches	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O

In	O
Tirana	B-LOC
:	O
Flamurtari	T-0
Vlore	T-0
(	O
Albania	O
)	O
0	T-1
Chemlon	T-1
Humenne	T-1

In	T-0
Tirana	O
:	O
Flamurtari	B-ORG
Vlore	I-ORG
(	O
Albania	O
)	O
0	O
Chemlon	O
Humenne	O

In	O
Tirana	O
:	O
Flamurtari	T-0
Vlore	T-0
(	O
Albania	B-LOC
)	O
0	T-2
Chemlon	T-1
Humenne	T-1

In	O
Tirana	O
:	O
Flamurtari	T-0
Vlore	T-0
(	O
Albania	T-1
)	O
0	O
Chemlon	B-ORG
Humenne	I-ORG

(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
2	T-0
(	O
halftime	O
0-0	O
)	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Lubarskij	B-PER
(	O
50th	T-0
minute	T-0
)	O
,	O
Valkucak	T-1
(	O
54th	O
)	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Lubarskij	T-1
(	O
50th	O
minute	O
)	O
,	O
Valkucak	B-PER
(	O
54th	T-0
)	O

Chemlon	B-ORG
Humenne	I-ORG
win	T-1
3-0	O
on	O
aggregate	T-0

In	T-0
Bistrita	B-LOC
:	O
Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
(	O
Romania	T-1
)	O
2	O
Valletta	T-3
(	O
Malta	T-2
)	O
1	O

In	O
Bistrita	O
:	O
Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
(	O
Romania	O
)	O
2	O
Valletta	O
(	O
Malta	T-0
)	O
1	O

In	O
Bistrita	T-1
:	O
Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
(	O
Romania	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
Valletta	T-2
(	O
Malta	T-0
)	O
1	O

In	T-2
Bistrita	T-0
:	O
Gloria	T-1
Bistrita	T-1
(	O
Romania	O
)	O
2	O
Valletta	B-LOC
(	O
Malta	O
)	O
1	O

In	O
Bistrita	O
:	O
Gloria	T-0
Bistrita	T-0
(	O
Romania	T-1
)	O
2	O
Valletta	T-2
(	O
Malta	B-LOC
)	O
1	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
-	O
Ilie	T-0
Lazar	T-0
(	O
32nd	O
)	O
,	O
Eugen	T-1
Voica	T-1
(	O
84th	O
)	O

Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
-	O
Ilie	B-PER
Lazar	I-PER
(	O
32nd	O
)	O
,	O
Eugen	T-0
Voica	T-0
(	O
84th	O
)	O

Gloria	O
Bistrita	O
-	O
Ilie	O
Lazar	O
(	O
32nd	O
)	O
,	O
Eugen	B-PER
Voica	I-PER
(	T-0
84th	T-0
)	T-0

Valletta	T-0
-	O
Gilbert	B-PER
Agius	I-PER
(	O
24th	O
)	O

Gloria	B-ORG
Bistrita	I-ORG
win	T-0
4-2	O
on	O
aggregate	O
.	O

In	T-0
Chorzow	O
:	O
Ruch	B-ORG
Chorzow	I-ORG
(	O
Poland	O
)	O
5	O
Llansantffraid	O
(	O
Wales	O
)	O
0	O

In	T-2
Chorzow	O
:	O
Ruch	T-0
Chorzow	T-0
(	O
Poland	B-LOC
)	O
5	O
Llansantffraid	T-1
(	O
Wales	O
)	O
0	O

In	T-0
Chorzow	T-0
:	O
Ruch	O
Chorzow	O
(	O
Poland	O
)	O
5	O
Llansantffraid	B-ORG
(	O
Wales	O
)	O
0	O

In	O
Chorzow	O
:	O
Ruch	T-0
Chorzow	T-0
(	O
Poland	O
)	O
5	O
Llansantffraid	T-1
(	O
Wales	B-LOC
)	O
0	O

Scorers	T-1
:	O
Arkadiusz	B-PER
Bak	I-PER
(	O
1st	T-2
and	O
55th	T-3
)	O
,	O
Arwel	O
Jones	O
(	O
47th	T-0
,	O

own	O
goal	O
)	O
,	O
Miroslav	B-PER
Bak	I-PER
(	T-0
62nd	T-0
and	T-0
63rd	T-0
)	T-0

In	T-1
Larnaca	B-LOC
:	O
AEK	T-0
Larnaca	T-0
(	O
Cyprus	O
)	O
5	O
Kotaik	O
Abovyan	O
(	O
Armenia	O
)	O

In	O
Larnaca	T-0
:	O
AEK	B-ORG
Larnaca	I-ORG
(	O
Cyprus	T-1
)	O
5	O
Kotaik	T-2
Abovyan	T-2
(	O
Armenia	T-3
)	O

In	O
Larnaca	O
:	O
AEK	O
Larnaca	O
(	O
Cyprus	B-LOC
)	O
5	O
Kotaik	O
Abovyan	T-0
(	O
Armenia	O
)	O

In	O
Larnaca	O
:	O
AEK	T-0
Larnaca	T-0
(	O
Cyprus	O
)	O
5	O
Kotaik	T-1
Abovyan	T-1
(	O
Armenia	B-LOC
)	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Zoran	B-PER
Kundic	I-PER
(	O
28th	T-0
)	O
,	O
Klimis	O
Alexandrou	O
(	O
41st	O
)	O
,	O

Scorers	O
:	O
Zoran	T-0
Kundic	T-0
(	O
28th	O
)	O
,	O
Klimis	B-PER
Alexandrou	I-PER
(	O
41st	T-1
)	O
,	O

Milenko	B-PER
Kovasevic	I-PER
(	O
60th	T-0
,	O
penalty	T-1
)	O
,	O
Goran	O
Koprinovic	O
(	O
82nd	O
)	O
,	O

Pavlos	B-PER
Markou	I-PER
(	O
84th	T-0
)	O

AEK	B-ORG
Larnaca	I-ORG
win	T-0
5-1	O
on	O
aggregate	T-1

In	O
Siauliai	B-LOC
:	O
Kareda	T-0
Siauliai	T-0
(	O
Lithuania	O
)	O
0	O
Sion	O

In	O
Siauliai	O
:	O
Kareda	B-ORG
Siauliai	I-ORG
(	O
Lithuania	T-0
)	O
0	O
Sion	O

In	O
Siauliai	O
:	O
Kareda	T-0
Siauliai	T-0
(	O
Lithuania	O
)	O
0	O
Sion	B-ORG

Sion	B-ORG
win	T-0
4-2	O
on	O
agrregate	O
.	O

Nyva	B-ORG
Vinnytsya	I-ORG
(	O
Ukraine	T-0
)	O
1	T-1
Tallinna	O
Sadam	O
(	O
Estonia	O
)	O
0	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

Nyva	T-0
Vinnytsya	T-0
(	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
Tallinna	O
Sadam	O
(	O
Estonia	T-1
)	O
0	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

Nyva	T-1
Vinnytsya	T-1
(	O
Ukraine	O
)	O
1	O
Tallinna	B-ORG
Sadam	I-ORG
(	O
Estonia	T-0
)	T-0
0	T-0
(	T-0
0-0	T-0
)	O

In	T-0
Bergen	B-LOC
:	O
Brann	T-1
(	O
Norway	O
)	O
2	O
Shelbourne	T-2
(	O
Ireland	T-3
)	O
1	O
(	O
1-1	O
)	O

In	O
Bergen	T-1
:	O
Brann	B-ORG
(	O
Norway	T-0
)	O
2	O
Shelbourne	O
(	O
Ireland	T-2
)	O
1	O
(	O
1-1	O
)	O

In	O
Bergen	T-2
:	O
Brann	T-1
(	O
Norway	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
Shelbourne	T-0
(	O
Ireland	T-3
)	O
1	O
(	O
1-1	O
)	O

In	T-1
Bergen	T-2
:	O
Brann	O
(	O
Norway	O
)	O
2	O
Shelbourne	B-ORG
(	O
Ireland	T-0
)	O
1	O
(	O
1-1	O
)	O

In	O
Bergen	O
:	O
Brann	O
(	O
Norway	O
)	O
2	O
Shelbourne	T-0
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
(	O
1-1	O
)	O

Brann	B-ORG
-	O
Mons	T-0
Ivar	T-0
Mjelde	T-0
(	O
10th	O
)	O
,	O
Jan	T-1
Ove	T-1
Pedersen	T-1
(	O
72nd	O
)	O

Brann	T-0
-	O
Mons	B-PER
Ivar	I-PER
Mjelde	I-PER
(	O
10th	T-1
)	O
,	O
Jan	T-2
Ove	T-2
Pedersen	T-2
(	O
72nd	O
)	O

Brann	O
-	O
Mons	O
Ivar	O
Mjelde	O
(	O
10th	T-0
)	O
,	O
Jan	B-PER
Ove	I-PER
Pedersen	I-PER
(	O
72nd	T-1
)	O

Shelbourne	B-ORG
-	O
Mark	T-1
Rutherford	T-1
(	O
5th	O
)	O

Brann	B-ORG
win	T-0
5-2	O
on	T-1
aggregate	T-1

In	O
Sofia	B-LOC
:	O
Levski	T-0
Sofia	T-0
(	O
Bulgaria	O
)	O
1	O
Olimpija	T-1
(	O
Slovenia	O
)	O
0	O

In	O
Sofia	T-0
:	O
Levski	B-ORG
Sofia	I-ORG
(	O
Bulgaria	T-1
)	O
1	O
Olimpija	O
(	O
Slovenia	O
)	O
0	O

In	O
Sofia	T-1
:	O
Levski	O
Sofia	O
(	O
Bulgaria	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
Olimpija	T-0
(	O
Slovenia	O
)	O
0	O

In	O
Sofia	O
:	O
Levski	T-0
Sofia	T-0
(	O
Bulgaria	O
)	O
1	T-1
Olimpija	B-ORG
(	O
Slovenia	O
)	O
0	T-2

In	O
Sofia	T-0
:	O
Levski	O
Sofia	O
(	O
Bulgaria	O
)	O
1	O
Olimpija	T-1
(	O
Slovenia	B-LOC
)	O
0	O

Olimpija	B-ORG
won	O
4-3	O
on	O
penalties	T-1
.	O

In	O
Vaduz	B-LOC
:	O
Vaduz	T-0
(	O
Liechtenstein	O
)	O
1	O
RAF	O
Riga	O
(	O
Latvia	O
)	O
1	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

In	O
Vaduz	T-1
:	O
Vaduz	B-LOC
(	O
Liechtenstein	T-0
)	O
1	O
RAF	T-2
Riga	T-2
(	O
Latvia	O
)	O
1	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

In	T-1
Vaduz	T-0
:	O
Vaduz	T-2
(	O
Liechtenstein	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
RAF	O
Riga	O
(	O
Latvia	O
)	O
1	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

In	O
Vaduz	O
:	O
Vaduz	O
(	O
Liechtenstein	O
)	O
1	O
RAF	B-ORG
Riga	I-ORG
(	O
Latvia	T-0
)	O
1	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

In	O
Vaduz	O
:	O
Vaduz	T-0
(	O
Liechtenstein	T-1
)	O
1	O
RAF	O
Riga	O
(	O
Latvia	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
(	O
0-0	O
)	O

Vaduz	B-LOC
-	O
Daniele	T-1
Polverino	T-1
(	O
90th	O
)	O

Vaduz	T-0
-	O
Daniele	B-PER
Polverino	I-PER
(	O
90th	O
)	O

RAF	B-ORG
Riga	I-ORG
-	O
Agrins	T-0
Zarins	O
(	O
47th	O
)	O

RAF	T-0
Riga	T-0
-	O
Agrins	B-PER
Zarins	I-PER
(	O
47th	T-1
)	O

Vaduz	B-LOC
won	O
4-2	T-0
on	T-0
penalties	T-0
.	T-0

In	O
Luxembourg	B-LOC
:	O
US	O
Luxembourg	O
(	O
Luxembourg	T-0
)	O
0	O
Varteks	T-1
Varazdin	T-1

In	O
Luxembourg	O
:	O
US	B-ORG
Luxembourg	I-ORG
(	O
Luxembourg	T-0
)	O
0	O
Varteks	O
Varazdin	O

In	T-0
Luxembourg	T-2
:	O
US	O
Luxembourg	T-3
(	O
Luxembourg	B-LOC
)	O
0	O
Varteks	T-1
Varazdin	T-1

In	O
Luxembourg	O
:	O
US	O
Luxembourg	T-0
(	O
Luxembourg	O
)	O
0	O
Varteks	B-ORG
Varazdin	I-ORG

(	O
Croatia	B-LOC
)	O
3	T-0
(	O
0-0	T-2
)	T-1

Scorers	T-1
:	O
Drazen	B-PER
Beser	I-PER
(	O
63rd	T-2
)	O
,	O
Miljenko	T-0
Mumler	T-0
(	O
penalty	O
,	O

Scorers	T-0
:	O
Drazen	T-2
Beser	T-2
(	O
63rd	O
)	O
,	O
Miljenko	B-PER
Mumler	I-PER
(	O
penalty	T-1
,	O

78th	T-0
)	O
,	O
Jamir	B-PER
Cvetko	I-PER
(	O
87th	O
)	T-1

Varteks	B-ORG
Varazdin	I-ORG
win	T-0
5-1	O
on	O
aggregate	T-1
.	O

In	O
Torshavn	B-LOC
:	O
Havnar	T-0
Boltfelag	T-0
(	O
Faroe	O
Islands	O
)	O
0	O
Dynamo	O

In	T-0
Torshavn	T-2
:	O
Havnar	B-ORG
Boltfelag	I-ORG
(	O
Faroe	O
Islands	T-1
)	O
0	O
Dynamo	O

In	O
Torshavn	T-0
:	O
Havnar	T-1
Boltfelag	T-2
(	O
Faroe	B-LOC
Islands	I-LOC
)	O
0	O
Dynamo	O

In	O
Torshavn	O
:	O
Havnar	T-1
Boltfelag	T-1
(	T-0
Faroe	T-0
Islands	T-0
)	T-0
0	O
Dynamo	B-ORG

Batumi	B-ORG
(	O
Georgia	T-0
)	O
3	O
(	O
0-2	O
)	O

Batumi	T-1
(	O
Georgia	B-LOC
)	O
3	T-0
(	T-0
0-2	T-0
)	T-0

In	O
Prague	B-LOC
:	O
Sparta	O
Prague	T-0
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
8	O
Glentoran	O

In	T-0
Prague	T-1
:	O
Sparta	B-ORG
Prague	I-ORG
(	O
Czech	T-2
Republic	T-2
)	O
8	O
Glentoran	O

In	O
Prague	O
:	O
Sparta	T-0
Prague	T-0
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
8	O
Glentoran	O

In	O
Prague	O
:	O
Sparta	T-0
Prague	T-0
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
8	O
Glentoran	B-ORG

(	O
Northern	B-LOC
Ireland	I-LOC
)	O
0	O
(	O
4-0	T-0
)	O

Scorers	T-0
:	O
Petr	B-PER
Gunda	I-PER
(	O
1st	T-1
and	T-1
26th	T-1
)	O
,	O
Lumir	O
Mistr	O
(	O
19th	O
)	O
,	O

Scorers	T-0
:	O
Petr	O
Gunda	O
(	O
1st	O
and	O
26th	O
)	O
,	O
Lumir	B-PER
Mistr	I-PER
(	O
19th	O
)	O
,	O

Horst	B-PER
Siegl	I-PER
(	O
24th	T-1
,	O
48th	T-2
,	O
80th	T-3
)	O
,	O
Zdenek	T-0
Svoboda	T-0
(	O
76th	O
)	O
,	O
Petr	O

Horst	T-1
Siegl	T-1
(	O
24th	O
,	O
48th	O
,	O
80th	O
)	O
,	O
Zdenek	B-PER
Svoboda	I-PER
(	O
76th	T-0
)	O
,	O
Petr	O

Horst	T-0
Siegl	T-0
(	O
24th	O
,	O
48th	O
,	O
80th	O
)	O
,	O
Zdenek	T-1
Svoboda	T-1
(	O
76th	O
)	O
,	O
Petr	B-PER

Gabriel	B-PER
(	O
86th	T-0
)	O

Sparta	B-ORG
win	T-0
10-1	O
on	O
aggregate	T-1
.	O

In	O
Edinburgh	B-LOC
:	O
Hearts	O
(	T-0
Scotland	T-0
)	T-0
1	O
Red	T-1
Star	T-1
Belgrade	T-1

In	T-0
Edinburgh	T-1
:	O
Hearts	B-ORG
(	O
Scotland	O
)	O
1	O
Red	T-2
Star	T-2
Belgrade	T-2

In	O
Edinburgh	O
:	O
Hearts	O
(	O
Scotland	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
Red	T-0
Star	T-0
Belgrade	T-0

In	O
Edinburgh	T-0
:	O
Hearts	O
(	O
Scotland	T-1
)	O
1	O
Red	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
Belgrade	I-ORG

Hearts	B-ORG
-	O
Dave	O
McPherson	T-0
(	O
44th	O
)	O

Hearts	O
-	O
Dave	B-PER
McPherson	I-PER
(	O
44th	T-0
)	O

Red	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
-	O
Vinko	T-0
Marinovic	T-0
(	O
59th	O
)	O

Red	T-0
Star	T-0
-	O
Vinko	B-MISC
Marinovic	I-MISC
(	O
59th	O
)	O

Red	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
win	T-1
on	O
away	T-2
goals	T-0
rule	O
.	O

In	T-1
Rishon-Lezion	B-LOC
:	O
Hapoel	T-0
Ironi	O
(	O
Israel	O
)	O
3	O
Constructorul	O

In	O
Rishon-Lezion	O
:	O
Hapoel	B-ORG
Ironi	I-ORG
(	O
Israel	O
)	O
3	O
Constructorul	T-0

In	O
Rishon-Lezion	O
:	O
Hapoel	T-0
Ironi	T-0
(	O
Israel	B-LOC
)	O
3	O
Constructorul	O

In	O
Rishon-Lezion	T-1
:	O
Hapoel	T-2
Ironi	T-2
(	O
Israel	T-0
)	O
3	O
Constructorul	B-ORG

Chisinau	B-ORG
(	O
Moldova	O
)	O
2	O
(	O
2-1	T-0
)	O

Chisinau	T-0
(	O
Moldova	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
(	O
2-1	O
)	O

Constructorul	B-ORG
win	T-1
on	O
away	T-2
goals	T-0
rule	O
.	O

In	O
Anjalonkoski	B-MISC
:	O
MyPa-47	O
(	O
Finland	O
)	O
1	O
Karabach	T-0
Agdam	O

In	O
Anjalonkoski	T-0
:	O
MyPa-47	B-ORG
(	O
Finland	T-2
)	O
1	O
Karabach	T-1
Agdam	T-1

In	O
Anjalonkoski	T-0
:	O
MyPa-47	O
(	O
Finland	B-LOC
)	O
1	O
Karabach	T-1
Agdam	T-1

In	O
Anjalonkoski	T-0
:	O
MyPa-47	O
(	O
Finland	O
)	O
1	O
Karabach	B-ORG
Agdam	I-ORG

Mypa-47	B-ORG
win	T-1
2-1	O
on	O
aggregate	T-0
.	O

In	O
Skopje	B-LOC
:	O
Sloga	O
Jugomagnat	T-0
(	O
Macedonia	T-1
)	O
0	O
Kispest	T-2
Honved	O

In	O
Skopje	O
:	O
Sloga	B-ORG
Jugomagnat	I-ORG
(	O
Macedonia	T-0
)	O
0	O
Kispest	O
Honved	O

In	O
Skopje	T-0
:	O
Sloga	O
Jugomagnat	O
(	O
Macedonia	B-LOC
)	O
0	T-1
Kispest	O
Honved	O

(	O
Hungary	B-LOC
1	O
(	O
0-0	T-0
)	O

Kispest	B-ORG
Honved	I-ORG
win	T-0
2-0	O
on	O
aggregate	O
.	O

Add	B-ORG
Hapoel	I-ORG
Ironi	I-ORG
v	O
Constructorul	T-0
Chisinau	O

Add	O
Hapoel	T-0
Ironi	T-0
v	O
Constructorul	B-ORG
Chisinau	I-ORG

Rishon	B-ORG
-	O
Moshe	T-0
Sabag	T-0
(	O
10th	T-1
minute	T-1
)	O
,	O
Nissan	O
Kapeta	O
(	O
26th	O
)	O
,	O

Rishon	O
-	O
Moshe	B-PER
Sabag	I-PER
(	O
10th	T-0
minute	T-0
)	O
,	O
Nissan	O
Kapeta	O
(	O
26th	O
)	O
,	O

Tomas	B-PER
Cibola	I-PER
(	O
58th	T-0
)	O
.	O

Constructorol	B-ORG
-	O
Sergei	T-0
Rogachev	T-0
(	O
42nd	O
)	O
,	O
Gennadi	T-1
Skidan	T-1

Constructorol	T-0
-	O
Sergei	B-PER
Rogachev	I-PER
(	O
42nd	T-1
)	O
,	O
Gennadi	O
Skidan	O

Constructorol	O
-	O
Sergei	T-0
Rogachev	T-0
(	O
42nd	O
)	O
,	O
Gennadi	B-PER
Skidan	I-PER

SOCCER	T-1
-	O
GOTHENBURG	B-LOC
PUT	O
FERENCVAROS	O
OUT	O
OF	O
EURO	O
CUP	T-0
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
GOTHENBURG	T-1
PUT	O
FERENCVAROS	B-ORG
OUT	T-0
OF	T-0
EURO	T-0
CUP	T-0
.	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
GOTHENBURG	O
PUT	O
FERENCVAROS	O
OUT	T-1
OF	T-1
EURO	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
.	O

IFK	B-ORG
Gothenburg	I-ORG
of	T-2
Sweden	T-1
drew	T-0
1-1	O
(	O
1-0	O
)	O
with	O
Ferencvaros	O
of	O
Hungary	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
leg	O
of	O
their	O
European	O
Champions	O
Cup	O
preliminary	O
round	O
tie	O
played	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

IFK	O
Gothenburg	T-1
of	O
Sweden	B-LOC
drew	T-4
1-1	O
(	O
1-0	O
)	O
with	O
Ferencvaros	T-3
of	O
Hungary	T-2
in	O
the	O
second	T-0
leg	O
of	O
their	O
European	O
Champions	O
Cup	O
preliminary	O
round	O
tie	O
played	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

IFK	T-0
Gothenburg	T-0
of	O
Sweden	O
drew	T-1
1-1	O
(	O
1-0	O
)	O
with	O
Ferencvaros	B-ORG
of	T-3
Hungary	T-3
in	O
the	O
second	T-2
leg	T-2
of	O
their	O
European	O
Champions	O
Cup	O
preliminary	O
round	O
tie	O
played	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

IFK	O
Gothenburg	O
of	O
Sweden	O
drew	O
1-1	O
(	O
1-0	O
)	O
with	O
Ferencvaros	T-2
of	T-0
Hungary	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
second	O
leg	O
of	T-1
their	T-1
European	O
Champions	O
Cup	O
preliminary	O
round	O
tie	O
played	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

IFK	O
Gothenburg	O
of	O
Sweden	T-2
drew	O
1-1	O
(	O
1-0	O
)	O
with	O
Ferencvaros	O
of	O
Hungary	O
in	O
the	O
second	T-0
leg	T-0
of	T-0
their	T-0
European	B-MISC
Champions	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
preliminary	T-1
round	T-1
tie	O
played	T-3
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Gothenburg	B-LOC
go	T-2
through	T-2
4-1	T-0
on	O
aggregate	T-1
.	T-1

SOCCER	O
-	O
BRAZILIAN	B-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP	T-0
RESULTS	O
.	O

matches	T-0
in	O
the	O
Brazilian	B-MISC
soccer	T-1
championship	T-1
.	O

Bahia	B-ORG
2	T-0
Atletico	T-1
Paranaense	T-1
0	O

Bahia	T-0
2	O
Atletico	B-ORG
Paranaense	I-ORG
0	O

Corinthians	B-ORG
1	T-0
Guarani	O
0	O

Coritiba	B-ORG
1	O
Atletico	T-0
Mineiro	T-0
0	O

Coritiba	T-0
1	O
Atletico	B-ORG
Mineiro	I-ORG
0	O

Cruzeiro	B-ORG
2	T-0
Vitoria	O
1	O

Flamengo	B-ORG
0	O
Juventude	T-0
1	O

Flamengo	O
0	T-0
Juventude	B-ORG
1	O

Goias	B-ORG
3	T-0
Sport	O
Recife	T-1
1	O

Goias	O
3	O
Sport	B-ORG
Recife	I-ORG
1	T-0

Gremio	B-ORG
6	T-1
Bragantino	T-0
1	O

Gremio	T-0
6	O
Bragantino	B-ORG
1	O

Palmeiras	B-ORG
3	T-0
Vasco	O
da	O
Gama	O
1	O

Palmeiras	T-0
3	O
Vasco	B-ORG
da	I-ORG
Gama	I-ORG
1	O

Portuguesa	B-ORG
2	T-1
Parana	T-0
0	O

TENNIS	T-2
-	O
NEWCOMBE	B-PER
PONDERS	O
HIS	T-0
DAVIS	O
CUP	O
FUTURE	T-1
.	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
NEWCOMBE	T-0
PONDERS	T-1
HIS	T-2
DAVIS	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
FUTURE	O
.	O

Australian	B-MISC
Davis	O
Cup	O
captain	T-0
John	O
Newcombe	O
on	O
Thursday	O
signalled	O
his	O
possible	O
resignation	O
if	O
his	O
team	O
loses	O
an	O
away	O
tie	O
against	O
Croatia	O
next	O
month	O
.	O

Australian	O
Davis	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
captain	O
John	O
Newcombe	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
signalled	T-1
his	O
possible	O
resignation	O
if	O
his	O
team	T-2
loses	O
an	O
away	O
tie	O
against	O
Croatia	O
next	O
month	O
.	T-0

Australian	T-1
Davis	O
Cup	O
captain	T-2
John	B-PER
Newcombe	I-PER
on	O
Thursday	O
signalled	O
his	O
possible	O
resignation	O
if	O
his	O
team	O
loses	O
an	O
away	O
tie	O
against	O
Croatia	T-0
next	O
month	O
.	O

Australian	T-0
Davis	O
Cup	O
captain	T-1
John	T-3
Newcombe	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
signalled	T-2
his	O
possible	O
resignation	O
if	O
his	O
team	O
loses	O
an	O
away	O
tie	O
against	O
Croatia	B-LOC
next	O
month	O
.	O

The	O
former	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
champion	T-3
said	O
the	O
immediate	O
future	O
of	O
Australia	T-0
's	O
Davis	T-1
Cup	T-1
coach	O
Tony	T-2
Roche	T-2
could	O
also	O
be	O
determined	O
by	O
events	O
in	O
Split	O
.	O

The	O
former	O
Wimbledon	O
champion	O
said	O
the	O
immediate	O
future	T-1
of	O
Australia	B-LOC
's	O
Davis	T-0
Cup	T-0
coach	O
Tony	O
Roche	O
could	O
also	O
be	O
determined	O
by	O
events	O
in	O
Split	O
.	O

The	O
former	O
Wimbledon	T-0
champion	T-1
said	O
the	O
immediate	O
future	T-2
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
Davis	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
coach	O
Tony	O
Roche	O
could	O
also	O
be	O
determined	O
by	O
events	T-3
in	O
Split	O
.	O

The	O
former	O
Wimbledon	T-1
champion	T-1
said	T-2
the	O
immediate	O
future	O
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
Davis	T-0
Cup	T-0
coach	T-0
Tony	B-PER
Roche	I-PER
could	O
also	O
be	O
determined	T-3
by	O
events	O
in	O
Split	O
.	O

The	O
former	O
Wimbledon	O
champion	O
said	T-0
the	O
immediate	O
future	O
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
Davis	O
Cup	O
coach	O
Tony	O
Roche	O
could	O
also	O
be	O
determined	T-1
by	O
events	T-2
in	O
Split	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
If	O
we	O
lose	O
this	O
one	T-2
,	O
Tony	B-PER
and	T-3
I	T-3
will	O
have	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
good	O
look	O
at	O
giving	T-0
someone	O
else	O
a	O
go	O
,	O
"	O
Newcombe	O
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	O
in	O
Sydney	O
's	O
Daily	T-1
Telegraph	T-1
newspaper	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
we	O
lose	O
this	O
one	O
,	O
Tony	O
and	O
I	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
good	O
look	O
at	O
giving	O
someone	O
else	O
a	O
go	O
,	O
"	O
Newcombe	B-PER
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	T-0
in	O
Sydney	O
's	O
Daily	O
Telegraph	O
newspaper	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
we	O
lose	O
this	O
one	O
,	O
Tony	T-1
and	O
I	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
good	O
look	O
at	O
giving	O
someone	O
else	O
a	O
go	O
,	O
"	O
Newcombe	T-0
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	T-2
in	T-2
Sydney	B-LOC
's	O
Daily	O
Telegraph	O
newspaper	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
we	O
lose	O
this	O
one	O
,	O
Tony	O
and	O
I	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
good	O
look	O
at	O
giving	O
someone	O
else	O
a	O
go	O
,	O
"	O
Newcombe	T-0
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	O
in	O
Sydney	T-1
's	T-1
Daily	B-ORG
Telegraph	I-ORG
newspaper	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
face	O
Croatia	T-0
in	O
the	O
world	O
group	O
qualifying	O
tie	O
on	O
clay	O
from	O
September	O
20-22	O
.	O

Australia	O
face	O
Croatia	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
world	T-0
group	O
qualifying	O
tie	O
on	O
clay	O
from	O
September	O
20-22	O
.	O

Under	O
Newcombe	B-PER
's	O
leadership	T-1
,	O
Australia	T-2
were	O
relegated	T-0
from	O
the	O
elite	O
world	O
group	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
the	O
26-time	T-4
Davis	T-3
Cup	T-3
winners	T-3
had	O
slipped	O
from	O
the	O
top	O
rank	O
.	O

Under	O
Newcombe	O
's	O
leadership	T-0
,	O
Australia	B-LOC
were	T-1
relegated	T-1
from	O
the	O
elite	O
world	O
group	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
the	O
26-time	O
Davis	O
Cup	O
winners	O
had	O
slipped	O
from	O
the	O
top	O
rank	O
.	O

Under	O
Newcombe	T-3
's	O
leadership	T-4
,	O
Australia	T-5
were	O
relegated	O
from	O
the	O
elite	O
world	O
group	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
first	T-0
time	O
the	O
26-time	T-1
Davis	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
winners	T-2
had	O
slipped	O
from	O
the	O
top	O
rank	O
.	O

Since	O
taking	O
over	O
as	O
captain	T-1
from	O
Neale	B-PER
Fraser	I-PER
in	O
1994	O
,	O
Newcombe	T-2
's	T-2
record	O
in	O
tandem	O
with	O
Roche	T-3
,	O
his	O
former	O
doubles	T-0
partner	T-0
,	O
has	O
been	O
three	O
wins	O
and	O
three	O
losses	O
.	O

Since	O
taking	T-5
over	O
as	O
captain	T-1
from	O
Neale	T-2
Fraser	T-2
in	O
1994	O
,	O
Newcombe	B-PER
's	O
record	T-0
in	O
tandem	O
with	O
Roche	O
,	O
his	O
former	O
doubles	O
partner	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
three	T-3
wins	T-3
and	O
three	T-4
losses	T-4
.	O

Since	O
taking	O
over	O
as	O
captain	T-0
from	O
Neale	O
Fraser	O
in	O
1994	O
,	O
Newcombe	O
's	O
record	T-2
in	T-2
tandem	O
with	O
Roche	B-PER
,	O
his	O
former	O
doubles	O
partner	T-1
,	O
has	O
been	O
three	O
wins	O
and	O
three	O
losses	O
.	O

Newcombe	B-PER
has	O
selected	O
Wimbledon	T-0
semifinalist	T-1
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Rafter	O
,	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
and	O
Olympic	O
doubles	O
champions	O
Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
and	O
Mark	O
Woodforde	O
to	O
face	O
the	O
Croatians	O
.	O

Newcombe	O
has	O
selected	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
semifinalist	T-0
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Rafter	O
,	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
and	O
Olympic	O
doubles	O
champions	O
Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
and	O
Mark	O
Woodforde	O
to	O
face	O
the	O
Croatians	O
.	O

Newcombe	O
has	O
selected	O
Wimbledon	T-0
semifinalist	O
Jason	T-2
Stoltenberg	T-2
,	O
Patrick	B-PER
Rafter	I-PER
,	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
and	O
Olympic	O
doubles	O
champions	T-1
Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
and	O
Mark	O
Woodforde	O
to	O
face	O
the	O
Croatians	O
.	O

Newcombe	T-0
has	O
selected	O
Wimbledon	O
semifinalist	O
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Rafter	O
,	O
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
,	O
and	O
Olympic	O
doubles	O
champions	O
Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
and	O
Mark	O
Woodforde	O
to	O
face	O
the	O
Croatians	O
.	O

Newcombe	T-2
has	T-0
selected	T-0
Wimbledon	T-1
semifinalist	O
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Rafter	O
,	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
and	O
Olympic	B-MISC
doubles	O
champions	O
Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
and	O
Mark	O
Woodforde	O
to	O
face	O
the	O
Croatians	O
.	O

Newcombe	O
has	O
selected	O
Wimbledon	O
semifinalist	O
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Rafter	O
,	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
and	O
Olympic	T-1
doubles	O
champions	T-0
Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
and	O
Mark	O
Woodforde	O
to	O
face	O
the	O
Croatians	O
.	T-1

Newcombe	O
has	O
selected	O
Wimbledon	O
semifinalist	O
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Rafter	O
,	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
and	O
Olympic	T-0
doubles	O
champions	O
Todd	T-1
Woodbridge	T-1
and	O
Mark	B-PER
Woodforde	I-PER
to	O
face	O
the	O
Croatians	O
.	T-0

Newcombe	O
has	O
selected	O
Wimbledon	O
semifinalist	O
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Rafter	O
,	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
and	O
Olympic	T-1
doubles	O
champions	O
Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
and	O
Mark	O
Woodforde	O
to	O
face	T-0
the	O
Croatians	B-MISC
.	O

The	O
home	O
side	O
boasts	T-0
world	T-1
number	T-1
six	T-1
Goran	B-PER
Ivanisevic	I-PER
,	O
and	O
Newcombe	O
conceded	O
his	O
players	O
would	O
be	O
hard-pressed	O
to	O
beat	O
the	O
Croatian	O
number	O
one	O
.	O

The	O
home	O
side	O
boasts	T-1
world	O
number	O
six	O
Goran	O
Ivanisevic	O
,	O
and	O
Newcombe	B-PER
conceded	O
his	O
players	T-0
would	O
be	O
hard-pressed	O
to	O
beat	T-2
the	T-2
Croatian	T-2
number	T-2
one	T-2
.	O

The	O
home	O
side	O
boasts	O
world	O
number	O
six	O
Goran	O
Ivanisevic	O
,	O
and	O
Newcombe	T-1
conceded	T-2
his	O
players	T-0
would	O
be	O
hard-pressed	O
to	O
beat	T-3
the	O
Croatian	B-MISC
number	O
one	O
.	O

"	O
We	T-1
are	T-1
ready	T-1
to	T-1
fight	T-1
to	T-1
our	T-1
last	T-1
breath	T-1
--	O
Australia	B-LOC
must	O
play	O
at	O
its	O
absolute	O
best	O
to	O
win	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Newcombe	O
,	O
who	O
described	O
the	O
tie	O
as	O
the	O
toughest	O
he	O
has	O
faced	O
as	O
captain	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
ready	O
to	O
fight	T-4
to	O
our	O
last	T-5
breath	T-5
--	O
Australia	T-3
must	O
play	O
at	O
its	O
absolute	O
best	O
to	O
win	T-6
,	O
"	O
said	T-1
Newcombe	B-PER
,	O
who	O
described	T-2
the	O
tie	O
as	O
the	O
toughest	O
he	O
has	O
faced	O
as	O
captain	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
last	O
won	T-1
the	O
Davis	O
Cup	T-0
in	O
1986	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
were	O
beaten	T-2
finalists	O
against	O
Germany	T-4
three	O
years	O
ago	O
under	O
Fraser	T-5
's	O
guidance	T-3
.	O

Australia	T-2
last	O
won	T-0
the	O
Davis	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
in	O
1986	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
were	O
beaten	O
finalists	T-1
against	O
Germany	O
three	O
years	O
ago	O
under	O
Fraser	O
's	O
guidance	O
.	O

Australia	O
last	O
won	T-0
the	O
Davis	O
Cup	O
in	O
1986	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
were	O
beaten	T-1
finalists	O
against	O
Germany	B-LOC
three	O
years	O
ago	O
under	O
Fraser	O
's	O
guidance	O
.	O

Australia	T-0
last	T-3
won	T-3
the	O
Davis	T-1
Cup	T-2
in	O
1986	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
were	O
beaten	O
finalists	O
against	O
Germany	O
three	O
years	O
ago	O
under	O
Fraser	B-PER
's	O
guidance	O
.	O

BADMINTON	T-0
-	O
MALAYSIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
RESULTS	O
.	O

Results	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
Malaysian	B-MISC

Open	B-MISC
badminton	T-0
tournament	T-2
on	O
Thursday	T-1
(	O
prefix	O
number	O
denotes	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	B-PER
Yigang	I-PER
(	O
China	T-0
)	O
beat	T-2
Hwang	O
Sun-ho	O
(	O
South	T-1
Korea	T-1
)	O
15-3	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	T-0
Yigang	T-0
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Hwang	O
Sun-ho	O
(	O
South	T-1
Korea	T-1
)	O
15-3	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	T-1
Yigang	T-1
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Hwang	B-PER
Sun-ho	O
(	O
South	O
Korea	O
)	O
15-3	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	T-0
Yigang	T-0
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-2
Hwang	T-1
Sun-ho	B-MISC
(	O
South	T-3
Korea	T-3
)	O
15-3	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	O
Yigang	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Hwang	T-0
Sun-ho	T-0
(	O
South	B-LOC
Korea	I-LOC
)	O
15-3	O

Jason	B-PER
Wong	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Abdul	T-0
Samad	T-0
Ismail	T-0
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
16-18	O

Jason	O
Wong	O
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
Abdul	O
Samad	O
Ismail	O
(	T-0
Malaysia	T-0
)	T-0
16-18	O

Jason	T-0
Wong	T-0
(	O
Malaysia	T-1
)	O
beat	T-3
Abdul	B-PER
Samad	I-PER
Ismail	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	T-2
)	O
16-18	O

Jason	O
Wong	O
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
beat	O
Abdul	T-0
Samad	T-0
Ismail	T-0
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
16-18	O

P.	B-PER
Kantharoopan	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
beat	O
3/4	O
-	O
Jeroen	T-0
Van	T-0
Dijk	T-0

P.	O
Kantharoopan	O
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
3/4	O
-	O
Jeroen	T-1
Van	T-1
Dijk	T-1

P.	T-1
Kantharoopan	T-1
(	O
Malaysia	T-0
)	O
beat	O
3/4	O
-	O
Jeroen	B-PER
Van	I-PER
Dijk	I-PER

(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
15-11	T-0
18-14	T-1

Wijaya	B-PER
Indra	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	T-0
)	O
beat	T-1
5/8	O
-	O
Pang	O
Chen	O
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
15-6	O

Wijaya	T-0
Indra	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
5/8	O
-	O
Pang	O
Chen	O
(	O
Malaysia	T-1
)	O
15-6	O

Wijaya	O
Indra	O
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
beat	T-0
5/8	O
-	O
Pang	B-PER
Chen	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
15-6	O

Wijaya	T-2
Indra	T-2
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
beat	T-0
5/8	O
-	O
Pang	T-1
Chen	T-1
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
15-6	O

3/4	O
-	O
Hu	B-PER
Zhilan	I-PER
(	O
China	T-2
)	O
beat	T-0
Nunung	O
Subandoro	T-1
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
5-15	O

3/4	O
-	O
Hu	O
Zhilan	O
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Nunung	T-0
Subandoro	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
5-15	O

3/4	O
-	O
Hu	T-1
Zhilan	T-1
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	O
Nunung	B-PER
Subandoro	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	T-0
)	O
5-15	O

3/4	O
-	O
Hu	O
Zhilan	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Nunung	T-0
Subandoro	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
5-15	O

9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	B-PER
Susanto	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	T-1
)	O
beat	T-0
1	O
-	O
Fung	O
Permadi	O
(	O
Taiwan	O
)	O

9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	O
Susanto	O
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
1	O
-	O
Fung	O
Permadi	O
(	O
Taiwan	O
)	O

9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	O
Susanto	O
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
beat	T-0
1	O
-	O
Fung	B-PER
Permadi	I-PER
(	O
Taiwan	O
)	O

9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	T-0
Susanto	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	T-1
)	O
beat	T-2
1	O
-	O
Fung	O
Permadi	O
(	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
)	O

1	O
-	O
Wang	B-PER
Chen	I-PER
(	O
China	T-0
)	O
beat	T-1
Cindana	T-2
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-3	O
1ama	O
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
beat	O
Margit	O
Borg	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
11-6	O
11-6	O

1	O
-	O
Wang	O
Chen	O
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Cindana	O
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-3	O
1ama	O
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
beat	O
Margit	O
Borg	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
11-6	O
11-6	O

1	O
-	O
Wang	O
Chen	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Cindana	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
11-3	O
1ama	O
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
beat	O
Margit	O
Borg	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
11-6	O
11-6	O

1	O
-	O
Wang	O
Chen	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Cindana	O
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-3	O
1ama	B-PER
(	O
Japan	T-0
)	O
beat	T-2
Margit	O
Borg	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
11-6	O
11-6	O

1	O
-	O
Wang	T-0
Chen	T-0
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-4
Cindana	T-1
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-3	O
1ama	T-3
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-5
Margit	T-2
Borg	T-2
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
11-6	O
11-6	O

1	O
-	O
Wang	O
Chen	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Cindana	O
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-3	O
1ama	O
(	O
Japan	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Margit	B-PER
Borg	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
11-6	O
11-6	O

1	O
-	O
Wang	T-2
Chen	T-2
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	O
Cindana	T-3
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-3	O
1ama	T-4
(	O
Japan	T-0
)	O
beat	T-1
Margit	T-5
Borg	T-5
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
11-6	O
11-6	O

Sun	B-PER
Jian	I-PER
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Marina	T-1
Andrievskaqya	T-1
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
11-8	O
11-2	O

Sun	T-1
Jian	T-1
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Marina	O
Andrievskaqya	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
11-8	O
11-2	O

Sun	O
Jian	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Marina	B-PER
Andrievskaqya	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
11-8	O
11-2	O

Sun	T-1
Jian	T-1
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Marina	T-2
Andrievskaqya	T-2
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
11-8	O
11-2	O

5/8	O
-	O
Meluawati	B-PER
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
beat	O
Chan	T-0
Chia	T-0
Fong	T-0
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
11-6	O

5/8	O
-	O
Meluawati	O
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Chan	O
Chia	O
Fong	O
(	O
Malaysia	T-0
)	O
11-6	O

5/8	O
-	O
Meluawati	T-1
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Chan	B-PER
Chia	I-PER
Fong	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
11-6	O

5/8	O
-	O
Meluawati	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
beat	O
Chan	O
Chia	O
Fong	O
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
11-6	O

Gong	B-PER
Zhichao	I-PER
(	O
China	T-0
)	O
beat	O
Liu	O
Lufung	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
6-11	O
11-7	O
11-3	O

Gong	O
Zhichao	O
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Liu	T-1
Lufung	T-2
(	O
China	O
)	O
6-11	O
11-7	O
11-3	O

Gong	T-1
Zhichao	T-1
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Liu	B-PER
Lufung	I-PER
(	O
China	O
)	O
6-11	O
11-7	O
11-3	O

Gong	T-0
Zhichao	T-0
(	O
China	T-1
)	O
beat	T-2
Liu	O
Lufung	T-3
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
6-11	O
11-7	O
11-3	O

Zeng	B-PER
Yaqiong	I-PER
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Li	O
Feng	T-0
(	O
New	O
Zealand	O
)	O
11-9	O
11-6	O

Zeng	T-0
Yaqiong	T-0
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Li	O
Feng	O
(	O
New	T-1
Zealand	T-1
)	O
11-9	O
11-6	O

Zeng	O
Yaqiong	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Li	B-PER
Feng	I-PER
(	O
New	O
Zealand	O
)	O
11-9	O
11-6	O

Zeng	T-0
Yaqiong	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	O
Li	T-1
Feng	T-1
(	O
New	B-LOC
Zealand	I-LOC
)	O
11-9	O
11-6	O

5/8	O
-	O
Christine	B-PER
Magnusson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
beat	O
Ishwari	T-0
Boopathy	T-0

5/8	O
-	O
Christine	T-0
Magnusson	T-0
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-2
Ishwari	T-1
Boopathy	T-1

5/8	O
-	O
Christine	T-0
Magnusson	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Ishwari	B-PER
Boopathy	I-PER

2	O
-	O
Zhang	B-PER
Ning	I-PER
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	O
Olivia	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-8	O
11-6	O

2	O
-	O
Zhang	O
Ning	O
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
Olivia	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-8	O
11-6	O

2	O
-	O
Zhang	T-1
Ning	T-1
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Olivia	B-PER
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
11-8	O
11-6	O

2	O
-	O
Zhang	T-0
Ning	T-0
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Olivia	O
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
11-8	O
11-6	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
REVISED	T-0
MEN	O
'S	O
DRAW	O
FOR	O
U.S.	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
tennis	O
championships	T-0
beginning	O
Monday	O
at	O
the	O
U.S	T-1
.	T-1

U.S.	O
Open	O
tennis	O
championships	T-1
beginning	T-0
Monday	O
at	T-2
the	T-2
U.S	B-LOC
.	O

National	B-LOC
Tennis	I-LOC
Centre	I-LOC
(	O
prefix	O
denotes	O
seeding	T-0
)	O
:	O

1	O
-	O
Pete	B-PER
Sampras	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Adrian	T-1
Voinea	T-1
(	O
Romania	O
)	T-0

1	O
-	O
Pete	T-2
Sampras	T-2
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-0
Adrian	O
Voinea	O
(	O
Romania	T-1
)	O

1	O
-	O
Pete	T-0
Sampras	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	O
Adrian	B-PER
Voinea	I-PER
(	O
Romania	T-1
)	O

1	O
-	O
Pete	T-1
Sampras	T-1
(	T-1
U.S.	T-1
)	T-1
vs.	T-0
Adrian	T-2
Voinea	T-2
(	O
Romania	B-LOC
)	T-0

Jiri	B-PER
Novak	I-PER
(	O
Czech	T-1
Republic	T-1
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	T-0

Jiri	O
Novak	O
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
qualifier	T-1

Magnus	B-PER
Larsson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	O
Alexander	T-1
Volkov	T-1
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O

Magnus	O
Larsson	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Alexander	O
Volkov	O
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O

Magnus	T-2
Larsson	T-2
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Alexander	B-PER
Volkov	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-1
)	T-0

Magnus	T-0
Larsson	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	O
Alexander	T-1
Volkov	T-1
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O

Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
vs	T-2
qualifier	T-1

Mikael	T-0
Tillstrom	T-0
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs	O
qualifier	O

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	O
Andrei	B-PER
Olhovskiy	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-1
)	O

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	O
Andrei	T-1
Olhovskiy	T-1
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O

Mark	B-PER
Woodforde	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-1
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O

Mark	O
Woodforde	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O

Mark	T-0
Woodforde	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	O
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O

Mark	O
Woodforde	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	O
Mark	T-0
Philippoussis	T-0
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O

Roberto	B-PER
Carretero	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Jordi	O
Burillo	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O

Roberto	T-0
Carretero	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
Jordi	O
Burillo	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	T-1

Roberto	O
Carretero	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
vs.	O
Jordi	T-0
Burillo	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Francisco	B-PER
Clavet	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
16	O
-	O
Cedric	T-2
Pioline	T-2
(	O
France	T-1
)	O

Francisco	T-0
Clavet	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-2
16	O
-	T-1
Cedric	T-1
Pioline	T-1
(	O
France	O
)	T-2

Francisco	O
Clavet	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
16	O
-	O
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
(	O
France	T-1
)	O

Francisco	T-0
Clavet	T-0
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
vs.	T-2
16	O
-	O
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

9	O
-	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
(	O
South	T-0
Africa	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	O

9	T-2
-	O
Wayne	T-0
Ferreira	T-0
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
qualifier	T-1

Karol	B-PER
Kucera	I-PER
(	T-0
Slovakia	T-0
)	T-0
vs.	O
Jonas	O
Bjorkman	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O

Karol	O
Kucera	O
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-0
Jonas	O
Bjorkman	O
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O

Karol	T-0
Kucera	T-0
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
vs.	O
Jonas	B-PER
Bjorkman	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O

Karol	T-0
Kucera	T-0
(	O
Slovakia	T-1
)	O
vs.	O
Jonas	O
Bjorkman	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	O
Christian	B-PER
Rudd	I-PER
(	O
Norway	O
)	O

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	O
Christian	T-1
Rudd	T-1
(	O
Norway	B-LOC
)	O

Alex	B-PER
Corretja	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Byron	T-1
Black	T-1
(	O
Zimbabwe	O
)	T-0

Alex	O
Corretja	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Byron	T-0
Black	T-0
(	O
Zimbabwe	O
)	O

Alex	T-1
Corretja	T-1
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
vs.	O
Byron	B-PER
Black	I-PER
(	T-2
Zimbabwe	T-2
)	T-2

David	B-PER
Rikl	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Hicham	O
Arazi	O
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O

David	T-0
Rikl	T-0
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Hicham	O
Arazi	O
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O

David	T-0
Rikl	T-0
(	O
Czech	T-1
Republic	T-1
)	O
vs.	O
Hicham	B-PER
Arazi	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O

David	O
Rikl	O
(	O
Czech	T-2
Republic	T-2
)	O
vs.	T-0
Hicham	T-1
Arazi	T-1
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O

Sjeng	B-PER
Schalken	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Gilbert	T-1
Schaller	T-1
(	O
Austria	O
)	O

Sjeng	T-0
Schalken	T-0
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Gilbert	O
Schaller	O
(	O
Austria	T-1
)	O

Sjeng	T-0
Schalken	T-0
(	O
Netherlands	O
)	O
vs.	O
Gilbert	B-PER
Schaller	I-PER
(	O
Austria	O
)	O

Sjeng	T-1
Schalken	T-1
(	O
Netherlands	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Gilbert	O
Schaller	O
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O

Grant	B-PER
Stafford	I-PER
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Guy	T-2
Forget	T-2
(	O
France	T-1
)	O

Grant	T-2
Stafford	T-2
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-0
Guy	T-1
Forget	T-1
(	T-1
France	T-1
)	T-1

Grant	T-0
Stafford	T-0
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Guy	B-PER
Forget	I-PER
(	O
France	T-2
)	O

Grant	T-0
Stafford	T-0
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
vs.	O
Guy	O
Forget	O
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

Fernando	B-PER
Meligeni	I-PER
(	O
Brazil	T-1
)	O
vs.	T-3
7	O
-	O
Yevgeny	T-0
Kafelnikov	O
(	O
Russia	T-2
)	O

Fernando	T-0
Meligeni	T-2
(	O
Brazil	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
7	O
-	O
Yevgeny	T-1
Kafelnikov	T-1
(	O
Russia	O
)	O

Fernando	T-0
Meligeni	T-0
(	O
Brazil	O
)	O
vs.	O
7	O
-	O
Yevgeny	B-PER
Kafelnikov	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-1
)	O

Fernando	T-1
Meligeni	T-1
(	O
Brazil	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
7	O
-	O
Yevgeny	O
Kafelnikov	O
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O

4	O
-	O
Goran	B-PER
Ivanisevic	I-PER
(	O
Croatia	T-2
)	O
vs.	O
Andrei	T-1
Chesnokov	T-1
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O

4	O
-	O
Goran	T-0
Ivanisevic	T-0
(	O
Croatia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
Andrei	O
Chesnokov	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O

4	O
-	O
Goran	T-0
Ivanisevic	T-0
(	O
Croatia	O
)	O
vs.	O
Andrei	B-PER
Chesnokov	I-PER
(	O
Russia	O
)	O

4	O
-	O
Goran	T-1
Ivanisevic	T-1
(	O
Croatia	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Andrei	T-2
Chesnokov	T-2
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O

Scott	B-PER
Draper	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	O
Galo	O
Blanco	O
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O

Scott	T-0
Draper	T-0
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Galo	O
Blanco	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O

Scott	T-3
Draper	T-3
(	O
Australia	T-1
)	O
vs.	T-0
Galo	B-PER
Blanco	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-2
)	T-0

Scott	T-1
Draper	T-1
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Galo	O
Blanco	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Renzo	B-PER
Furlan	I-PER
(	O
Italy	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Thomas	T-1
Johansson	T-1
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O

Renzo	T-0
Furlan	T-0
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Thomas	T-1
Johansson	T-1
(	O
Sweden	T-2
)	O

Renzo	T-1
Furlan	T-1
(	O
Italy	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Thomas	B-PER
Johansson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O

Renzo	O
Furlan	O
(	O
Italy	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Thomas	O
Johansson	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O

Hendrik	B-PER
Dreekman	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-1
Greg	T-1
Rusedski	O
(	O
Britain	O
)	O

Hendrik	T-1
Dreekman	T-1
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Greg	O
Rusedski	O
(	O
Britain	T-0
)	O

Hendrik	O
Dreekman	T-0
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Greg	B-PER
Rusedski	I-PER
(	O
Britain	O
)	O

Hendrik	O
Dreekman	O
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Greg	O
Rusedski	O
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O

Andrei	B-PER
Medvedev	I-PER
(	O
Ukraine	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Jean-Philippe	T-1
Fleurian	T-1
(	O
France	O
)	O

Andrei	T-1
Medvedev	T-1
(	O
Ukraine	O
)	O
vs.	T-2
Jean-Philippe	B-PER
Fleurian	I-PER
(	O
France	T-0
)	T-2

Andrei	O
Medvedev	O
(	O
Ukraine	T-1
)	O
vs.	O
Jean-Philippe	T-0
Fleurian	T-0
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

Jan	B-PER
Kroslak	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Chris	T-1
Woodruff	T-1
(	O
U.S.	O
)	T-0

Jan	T-0
Kroslak	T-0
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Chris	O
Woodruff	O
(	O
U.S.	T-1
)	O

Jan	T-1
Kroslak	T-1
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Chris	B-PER
Woodruff	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Jan	T-0
Kroslak	T-0
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
vs.	O
Chris	T-1
Woodruff	T-1
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	T-1
vs.	T-0
Petr	B-PER
Korda	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	T-0

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	T-1
Petr	O
Korda	O
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O

Bohdan	B-PER
Ulihrach	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
vs.	O
14	O
-	O
Alberto	T-0
Costa	T-0

Bohdan	O
Ulihrach	O
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
14	O
-	O
Alberto	T-0
Costa	T-0

12	O
-	O
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Younnes	T-1
El	T-1
Aynaoui	T-1
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O

12	O
-	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Younnes	T-1
El	T-1
Aynaoui	T-1
(	O
Morocco	T-0
)	O

12	O
-	O
Todd	T-1
Martin	T-1
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-2
Younnes	B-PER
El	I-PER
Aynaoui	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	T-0
)	T-2

12	O
-	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Younnes	T-2
El	T-2
Aynaoui	T-0
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O

Andrea	B-PER
Gaudenzi	I-PER
(	O
Italy	T-1
)	O
vs.	O
Shuzo	O
Matsuoka	T-0
(	O
Japan	O
)	O

Andrea	O
Gaudenzi	O
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Shuzo	T-0
Matsuoka	T-0
(	O
Japan	O
)	O

Andrea	T-0
Gaudenzi	T-0
(	T-0
Italy	T-0
)	T-0
vs.	T-0
Shuzo	B-PER
Matsuoka	I-PER
(	O
Japan	O
)	O

Andrea	O
Gaudenzi	O
(	O
Italy	O
)	O
vs.	O
Shuzo	T-0
Matsuoka	T-0
(	O
Japan	B-LOC
)	O

Doug	B-PER
Flach	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-2
)	O
vs.	T-0
qualifier	T-2

Doug	O
Flach	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-0
qualifier	T-0

Mats	B-PER
Wilander	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	T-2
Tim	T-0
Henman	T-0
(	O
Britain	T-1
)	O

Mats	O
Wilander	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Tim	T-0
Henman	T-0
(	O
Britain	T-1
)	O

Mats	O
Wilander	T-2
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-3
Tim	B-PER
Henman	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-1
)	O

Mats	O
Wilander	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	O
Tim	T-0
Henman	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O

Paul	B-PER
Haarhuis	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-1
Michael	O
Joyce	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	T-1

Paul	T-0
Haarhuis	T-0
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
Michael	O
Joyce	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Paul	T-0
Haarhuis	T-0
(	O
Netherlands	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Michael	B-PER
Joyce	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	T-1

Paul	T-0
Haarhuis	T-0
(	O
Netherlands	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Michael	T-2
Joyce	T-2
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Michael	B-PER
Tebbutt	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Richey	T-0
Reneberg	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Michael	O
Tebbutt	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Richey	T-0
Reneberg	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Michael	T-0
Tebbutt	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Richey	B-PER
Reneberg	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Michael	T-0
Tebbutt	T-0
(	O
Australia	T-2
)	O
vs.	O
Richey	T-1
Reneberg	T-1
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Jonathan	B-PER
Stark	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	O
Bernd	T-0
Karbacher	T-0
(	O
Germany	O
)	O

Jonathan	O
Stark	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-0
Bernd	O
Karbacher	O
(	O
Germany	O
)	O

Jonathan	O
Stark	O
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Bernd	B-PER
Karbacher	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O

Stefan	B-PER
Edberg	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-2
)	O
vs.	T-1
5	O
-	O
Richard	T-0
Krajicek	T-0
(	O
Netherlands	T-3
)	T-1

Stefan	T-1
Edberg	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-2
5	O
-	O
Richard	T-0
Krajicek	T-0
(	O
Netherlands	O
)	O

Stefan	T-0
Edberg	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	O
5	O
-	O
Richard	B-PER
Krajicek	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	T-1
)	O

Stefan	O
Edberg	O
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
vs.	T-0
5	O
-	O
Richard	O
Krajicek	O
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	T-0

6	O
-	O
Andre	B-PER
Agassi	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Mauricio	T-0
Hadad	T-0
(	O
Colombia	O
)	O

6	O
-	O
Andre	O
Agassi	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
Mauricio	T-0
Hadad	O
(	O
Colombia	T-2
)	O

6	O
-	O
Andre	T-2
Agassi	T-2
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Mauricio	B-PER
Hadad	I-PER
(	O
Colombia	T-0
)	T-1

Marcos	B-PER
Ondruska	I-PER
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Felix	T-1
Mantilla	T-1
(	O
Spain	O
)	T-0

Marcos	O
Ondruska	O
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
Felix	T-0
Mantilla	T-0
(	T-0
Spain	O
)	T-1

Marcos	T-0
Ondruska	T-0
(	T-0
South	T-0
Africa	T-0
)	T-0
vs.	T-2
Felix	B-PER
Mantilla	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	T-2

Marcos	O
Ondruska	O
(	O
South	T-0
Africa	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-1
Felix	T-2
Mantilla	T-2
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	T-1

Carlos	O
Moya	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Scott	T-0
Humphries	T-0
(	O
U.S.	T-1
)	O

Carlos	T-0
Moya	T-0
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Scott	B-PER
Humphries	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Carlos	O
Moya	O
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-1
Scott	O
Humphries	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	T-1

Jan	B-PER
Siemerink	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	O
)	O
vs.	T-2
Carl-Uwe	T-0
Steeb	T-0
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	T-2

Jan	T-0
Siemerink	T-0
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Carl-Uwe	O
Steeb	O
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O

Jan	O
Siemerink	O
(	O
Netherlands	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-2
Carl-Uwe	B-PER
Steeb	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O

Jan	O
Siemerink	O
(	O
Netherlands	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-1
Carl-Uwe	O
Steeb	O
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O

David	B-PER
Wheaton	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Kevin	T-1
Kim	T-1
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

David	T-1
Wheaton	T-1
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Kevin	O
Kim	O
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O

David	T-0
Wheaton	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Kevin	B-PER
Kim	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	T-1

David	O
Wheaton	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-2
Kevin	T-0
Kim	T-1
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Nicolas	B-PER
Lapentti	I-PER
(	O
Ecuador	O
)	O
vs.	O
Alex	T-0
O'Brien	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Nicolas	T-0
Lapentti	T-0
(	O
Ecuador	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
Alex	O
O'Brien	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	T-1

Nicolas	O
Lapentti	O
(	O
Ecuador	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Alex	O
O'Brien	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	T-0

Karim	B-PER
Alami	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O
vs.	O
11	O
-	O
MaliVai	T-0
Washington	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Karim	O
Alami	O
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-0
11	O
-	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Karim	T-0
Alami	T-0
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O
vs.	O
11	O
-	O
MaliVai	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Karim	O
Alami	O
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
11	O
-	O
MaliVai	T-2
Washington	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

13	O
-	O
Thomas	B-PER
Enqvist	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Stephane	T-1
Simian	T-1
(	O
France	O
)	T-0

13	O
-	O
Thomas	T-0
Enqvist	T-0
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Stephane	O
Simian	O
(	O
France	T-1
)	O

13	O
-	O
Thomas	O
Enqvist	O
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
vs.	T-0
Stephane	B-PER
Simian	I-PER
(	O
France	O
)	O

13	O
-	O
Thomas	T-1
Enqvist	T-1
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	O
Stephane	T-0
Simian	T-0
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

Guillaume	B-PER
Raoux	I-PER
(	O
France	O
)	O
vs.	O
Filip	T-1
Dewulf	T-1
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O

Guillaume	T-2
Raoux	T-3
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Filip	T-0
Dewulf	T-0
(	O
Belgium	T-1
)	O

Guillaume	T-1
Raoux	T-1
(	O
France	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Filip	B-PER
Dewulf	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	O
)	T-0

Guillaume	T-0
Raoux	T-0
(	O
France	O
)	O
vs.	O
Filip	T-1
Dewulf	T-1
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O

Mark	T-2
Knowles	T-2
(	O
Bahamas	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Marcelo	T-1
Filippini	T-1
(	O
Uruguay	B-LOC
)	O

Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
qualifier	O

Todd	T-0
Woodbridge	T-0
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	T-1

Kris	B-PER
Goossens	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Sergi	O
Bruguera	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O

Kris	O
Goossens	O
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Sergi	T-0
Bruguera	T-0
(	O
Spain	O
)	O

Kris	T-1
Goossens	T-1
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
vs.	T-2
Sergi	B-PER
Bruguera	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O

Kris	T-1
Goossens	T-1
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Sergi	O
Bruguera	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	T-1
vs.	T-0
Michael	T-2
Stich	T-2
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	T-0

Qualifier	O
vs.	T-1
Chuck	B-PER
Adams	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	T-1
Chuck	T-2
Adams	T-2
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Javier	B-PER
Frana	I-PER
(	O
Argentina	T-2
)	O
vs.	T-0
3	O
-	O
Thomas	T-1
Muster	T-1
(	O
Austria	T-3
)	T-0

Javier	O
Frana	O
(	O
Argentina	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
3	O
-	O
Thomas	B-PER
Muster	I-PER
(	O
Austria	T-0
)	O

Javier	T-0
Frana	T-0
(	O
Argentina	O
)	O
vs.	O
3	O
-	O
Thomas	T-1
Muster	T-1
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O

8	O
-	O
Jim	B-PER
Courier	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Javier	O
Sanchez	O
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O

8	O
-	O
Jim	T-0
Courier	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Javier	T-1
Sanchez	T-1
(	O
Spain	T-2
)	O

8	O
-	O
Jim	O
Courier	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Javier	B-PER
Sanchez	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-2
)	O

8	O
-	O
Jim	T-0
Courier	T-0
(	T-2
U.S.	T-2
)	T-2
vs.	O
Javier	T-1
Sanchez	T-1
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Jim	B-PER
Grabb	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-1
)	O
vs.	O
Sandon	T-0
Stolle	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O

Jim	O
Grabb	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-1
Sandon	O
Stolle	O
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	T-1

Jim	T-0
Grabb	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Sandon	B-PER
Stolle	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-2
)	O

Jim	T-1
Grabb	T-1
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Sandon	T-2
Stolle	T-2
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	T-0

Patrick	B-PER
Rafter	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Kenneth	O
Carlsen	O
(	O
Denmark	T-0
)	O

Patrick	O
Rafter	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Kenneth	T-0
Carlsen	T-0
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O

Patrick	O
Rafter	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Kenneth	B-PER
Carlsen	I-PER
(	O
Denmark	O
)	T-0

Patrick	O
Rafter	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Kenneth	O
Carlsen	T-1
(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O

Jason	B-PER
Stoltenberg	I-PER
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-2
Stefano	T-1
Pescosolido	T-1
(	O
Italy	T-0
)	O

Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Stefano	T-0
Pescosolido	T-0
(	O
Italy	O
)	O

Jason	T-0
Stoltenberg	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	O
Stefano	B-PER
Pescosolido	I-PER
(	O
Italy	O
)	O

Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Stefano	T-1
Pescosolido	O
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O

Arnaud	B-PER
Boetsch	I-PER
(	O
France	T-1
)	O
vs.	T-0
Nicolas	O
Pereira	O
(	O
Venezuela	T-2
)	O

Arnaud	T-0
Boetsch	T-0
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Nicolas	O
Pereira	O
(	O
Venezuela	T-1
)	O

Arnaud	T-0
Boetsch	T-0
(	O
France	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Nicolas	B-PER
Pereira	I-PER
(	O
Venezuela	O
)	O

Arnaud	O
Boetsch	O
(	O
France	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Nicolas	O
Pereira	O
(	O
Venezuela	B-LOC
)	T-0

Carlos	B-PER
Costa	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Magnus	O
Gustafsson	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O

Carlos	T-0
Costa	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Magnus	T-1
Gustafsson	O
(	O
Sweden	T-2
)	O

Carlos	O
Costa	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Magnus	B-PER
Gustafsson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O

Jeff	B-PER
Tarango	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Alex	T-2
Radulescu	T-2
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O

Jeff	T-0
Tarango	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Alex	O
Radulescu	O
(	O
Germany	O
)	O

Jeff	T-0
Tarango	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	O
Alex	B-PER
Radulescu	I-PER
(	O
Germany	O
)	O

Jeff	O
Tarango	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Alex	T-1
Radulescu	O
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	T-1
vs.	O
10	O
-	O
Marcelo	B-PER
Rios	I-PER
(	O
Chile	T-0
)	O

15	O
-	O
Marc	T-2
Rosset	T-3
(	O
Switzerland	B-LOC
vs.	T-1
Jared	T-1
Palmer	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

15	O
-	O
Marc	T-1
Rosset	T-1
(	O
Switzerland	O
vs.	O
Jared	T-0
Palmer	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

Martin	B-PER
Damm	I-PER
(	O
Czech	T-1
Republic	T-1
)	O
vs.	T-0
Hernan	O
Gumy	O
(	O
Argentina	O
)	T-0

Martin	O
Damm	O
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
vs.	T-0
Hernan	O
Gumy	O
(	O
Argentina	T-1
)	O

Martin	O
Damm	O
(	O
Czech	T-0
Republic	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Hernan	O
Gumy	O
(	O
Argentina	B-LOC
)	O

Nicklas	B-PER
Kulti	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
vs.	T-0
Jakob	O
Hlasek	O
(	O
Switzerland	O
)	T-0

Nicklas	T-0
Kulti	T-0
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Jakob	O
Hlasek	O
(	O
Switzerland	O
)	O

Nicklas	T-0
Kulti	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Jakob	B-PER
Hlasek	I-PER
(	O
Switzerland	O
)	O

Nicklas	O
Kulti	O
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
vs.	O
Jakob	T-0
Hlasek	T-0
(	O
Switzerland	B-LOC
)	O

Cecil	B-PER
Mamiit	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-2
Alberto	T-1
Berasategui	T-1
(	O
Spain	O
)	T-2

Cecil	O
Mamiit	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
Alberto	O
Berasategui	O
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O

Cecil	T-0
Mamiit	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-1
Alberto	B-PER
Berasategui	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-2
)	O

Cecil	T-1
Mamiit	T-1
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-2
Alberto	T-0
Berasategui	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	T-2

Vince	B-PER
Spadea	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
vs.	O
Daniel	T-1
Vacek	O
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O

Vince	T-1
Spadea	T-1
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	T-0
Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O

Vince	T-0
Spadea	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
vs.	O
Daniel	T-1
Vacek	T-1
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O

David	B-PER
Prinosil	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
vs.	T-2
qualifier	T-2

David	T-0
Prinosil	T-0
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
vs.	O
qualifier	O

Qualifier	O
vs.	T-1
Tomas	B-PER
Carbonell	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	T-1

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	O
Tomas	T-1
Carbonell	T-1
(	T-1
Spain	B-LOC
)	O

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	O
2	O
-	O
Michael	B-PER
Chang	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Qualifier	T-0
vs.	O
2	O
-	O
Michael	O
Chang	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

BASEBALL	O
-	O
ORIOLES	B-ORG
'	O
MANAGER	T-0
DAVEY	O
JOHNSON	O
HOSPITALIZED	O
.	O

BASEBALL	T-0
-	O
ORIOLES	O
'	O
MANAGER	O
DAVEY	B-PER
JOHNSON	I-PER
HOSPITALIZED	O
.	O

Baltimore	B-ORG
Orioles	I-ORG
manager	T-0
Davey	O
Johnson	O
will	O
miss	O
Thursday	O
night	O
's	O
game	O
against	O
the	O
Seattle	O
Mariners	O
after	O
being	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	O
with	O
an	O
irregular	O
heartbeat	O
.	O

Baltimore	O
Orioles	O
manager	O
Davey	O
Johnson	O
will	O
miss	O
Thursday	T-2
night	T-2
's	T-2
game	T-2
against	T-3
the	T-3
Seattle	B-ORG
Mariners	I-ORG
after	O
being	O
admitted	T-0
to	O
a	O
hospital	T-1
with	O
an	O
irregular	O
heartbeat	O
.	O

The	O
53-year-old	T-0
Johnson	B-PER
was	O
hospitalized	T-1
after	O
experiencing	O
dizziness	O
.	T-0

"	O
He	O
is	O
in	O
no	O
danger	O
and	O
will	O
be	O
treated	O
and	O
observed	O
this	O
evening	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-0
Orioles	B-ORG
team	T-3
physician	O
Dr.	O
William	O
Goldiner	O
,	O
adding	O
that	O
Johnson	O
is	O
expected	T-1
to	O
be	O
released	T-2
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

"	O
He	O
is	O
in	O
no	O
danger	O
and	O
will	O
be	O
treated	O
and	O
observed	O
this	O
evening	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Orioles	T-1
team	O
physician	T-0
Dr.	T-3
William	B-PER
Goldiner	I-PER
,	O
adding	O
that	O
Johnson	T-2
is	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
released	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

"	O
He	O
is	O
in	O
no	O
danger	O
and	O
will	O
be	O
treated	T-1
and	O
observed	T-2
this	O
evening	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Orioles	T-4
team	O
physician	O
Dr.	T-5
William	T-5
Goldiner	T-5
,	O
adding	O
that	O
Johnson	B-PER
is	T-0
expected	T-3
to	T-3
be	T-3
released	T-3
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Orioles	B-ORG
'	O
bench	T-1
coach	O
Andy	T-2
Etchebarren	T-2
will	O
manage	T-0
the	O
club	O
in	O
Johnson	O
's	O
absence	O
.	O

Orioles	O
'	O
bench	O
coach	T-0
Andy	B-PER
Etchebarren	I-PER
will	O
manage	O
the	O
club	O
in	O
Johnson	O
's	O
absence	O
.	O

Orioles	O
'	O
bench	O
coach	T-1
Andy	O
Etchebarren	O
will	O
manage	O
the	O
club	T-0
in	O
Johnson	B-PER
's	O
absence	O
.	O

Johnson	B-PER
is	O
the	O
second	O
manager	T-2
to	O
be	O
hospitalized	T-0
this	O
week	O
after	O
California	O
Angels	O
skipper	O
John	O
McNamara	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
New	O
York	O
's	O
Columbia	O
Presbyterian	O
Hospital	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
with	O
a	O
blood	T-1
clot	T-1
in	O
his	O
left	O
calf	O
.	O

Johnson	O
is	O
the	O
second	O
manager	T-1
to	O
be	O
hospitalized	O
this	O
week	O
after	T-0
California	B-ORG
Angels	I-ORG
skipper	T-2
John	O
McNamara	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
New	O
York	O
's	O
Columbia	O
Presbyterian	O
Hospital	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
with	O
a	O
blood	O
clot	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
calf	O
.	O

Johnson	T-0
is	O
the	O
second	O
manager	O
to	O
be	O
hospitalized	O
this	O
week	O
after	O
California	O
Angels	O
skipper	O
John	B-PER
McNamara	I-PER
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
New	O
York	O
's	O
Columbia	O
Presbyterian	O
Hospital	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
with	O
a	O
blood	O
clot	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
calf	O
.	O

Johnson	O
is	O
the	O
second	O
manager	O
to	O
be	O
hospitalized	T-1
this	O
week	O
after	O
California	O
Angels	O
skipper	O
John	O
McNamara	O
was	O
admitted	T-0
to	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
's	O
Columbia	O
Presbyterian	O
Hospital	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
with	O
a	O
blood	O
clot	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
calf	O
.	O

Johnson	O
is	O
the	O
second	T-0
manager	O
to	O
be	O
hospitalized	T-1
this	O
week	O
after	O
California	O
Angels	O
skipper	O
John	O
McNamara	O
was	O
admitted	T-2
to	O
New	O
York	O
's	O
Columbia	B-LOC
Presbyterian	I-LOC
Hospital	I-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
with	O
a	O
blood	O
clot	O
in	O
his	O
left	O
calf	O
.	O

Johnson	B-PER
,	O
who	O
played	O
eight	O
seasons	O
in	O
Baltimore	T-1
,	O
was	O
named	O
Orioles	O
manager	O
in	O
the	O
off-season	O
replacing	T-0
Phil	O
Regan	O
.	O

Johnson	T-1
,	O
who	O
played	O
eight	T-2
seasons	T-4
in	T-0
Baltimore	B-LOC
,	O
was	O
named	O
Orioles	O
manager	T-3
in	O
the	O
off-season	O
replacing	O
Phil	O
Regan	O
.	O

Johnson	O
,	O
who	O
played	O
eight	O
seasons	O
in	O
Baltimore	O
,	O
was	O
named	O
Orioles	B-ORG
manager	T-0
in	O
the	O
off-season	O
replacing	O
Phil	O
Regan	O
.	O

Johnson	O
,	O
who	O
played	T-1
eight	O
seasons	O
in	O
Baltimore	O
,	O
was	O
named	T-0
Orioles	O
manager	O
in	O
the	O
off-season	O
replacing	T-2
Phil	B-PER
Regan	I-PER
.	O

He	O
led	T-0
the	T-0
Cincinnati	B-ORG
Reds	I-ORG
to	O
the	O
National	T-2
League	T-2
Championship	T-2
Series	O
last	O
year	O
and	O
guided	O
the	O
New	O
York	O
Mets	O
to	O
a	O
World	O
Series	O
championship	T-1
in	O
1986	O
.	O

He	O
led	O
the	O
Cincinnati	T-0
Reds	T-0
to	T-2
the	T-2
National	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
Championship	I-MISC
Series	I-MISC
last	O
year	O
and	O
guided	O
the	O
New	T-1
York	T-1
Mets	O
to	O
a	O
World	O
Series	O
championship	O
in	O
1986	O
.	O

He	O
led	O
the	O
Cincinnati	T-0
Reds	O
to	O
the	O
National	O
League	O
Championship	O
Series	O
last	O
year	O
and	O
guided	O
the	T-1
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Mets	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
World	T-2
Series	T-2
championship	T-2
in	O
1986	O
.	O

He	O
led	O
the	O
Cincinnati	T-3
Reds	O
to	O
the	O
National	O
League	O
Championship	T-0
Series	O
last	O
year	O
and	O
guided	O
the	O
New	O
York	O
Mets	T-1
to	O
a	O
World	B-MISC
Series	I-MISC
championship	T-2
in	O
1986	O
.	O

Baltimore	B-ORG
has	O
won	T-0
16	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
22	O
games	O
to	O
pull	O
within	O
five	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
slumping	O
New	O
York	O
Yankees	O
in	O
the	O
American	T-1
League	O
East	O
Division	O
.	O

Baltimore	T-3
has	O
won	O
16	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
22	O
games	O
to	O
pull	O
within	O
five	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
slumping	T-4
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
Yankees	I-ORG
in	T-0
the	O
American	T-1
League	T-2
East	O
Division	O
.	O

Baltimore	O
has	O
won	O
16	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
22	O
games	O
to	O
pull	O
within	O
five	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
slumping	T-0
New	T-0
York	T-0
Yankees	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
American	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
East	I-MISC
Division	I-MISC
.	O

NEW	B-ORG
YORK	I-ORG
72	T-0
53	T-0
.576	T-0
-	O

BOSTON	B-ORG
63	O
64	O
.496	O
10	T-0

TORONTO	B-ORG
58	T-0
69	O
.457	O
15	T-0

CLEVELAND	B-ORG
76	T-0
51	T-0
.598	T-0
-	T-0

CHICAGO	B-ORG
69	T-0
59	T-0
.539	T-0
7	T-0
1/2	T-0

SEATTLE	B-ORG
64	T-0
61	T-0
.512	T-0
8	T-0

OAKLAND	B-ORG
62	T-0
67	T-0
.481	T-0
12	T-0

CALIFORNIA	B-ORG
58	T-0
68	T-0
.460	T-0
14	T-0
1/2	T-0

OAKLAND	B-ORG
AT	O
BOSTON	T-0

OAKLAND	T-0
AT	O
BOSTON	B-LOC

SEATTLE	B-ORG
AT	T-0
BALTIMORE	O

SEATTLE	T-0
AT	O
BALTIMORE	B-LOC

CALIFORNIA	B-ORG
AT	T-0
NEW	T-1
YORK	T-1

CALIFORNIA	T-0
AT	O
NEW	B-LOC
YORK	I-LOC

TORONTO	T-0
AT	T-1
CHICAGO	B-LOC

DETROIT	B-ORG
AT	O
KANSAS	T-0
CITY	O

DETROIT	O
AT	T-0
KANSAS	B-LOC
CITY	I-LOC

TEXAS	B-ORG
AT	T-0
MINNESOTA	O

TEXAS	T-0
AT	T-0
MINNESOTA	B-LOC

MONTREAL	B-ORG
67	T-0
58	T-0
.536	T-0
12	T-0

PHILADELPHIA	B-ORG
52	T-0
75	T-0
.409	T-0
28	T-0

CHICAGO	B-ORG
63	T-0
62	T-0
.504	T-0
4	T-0

CINCINNATI	B-ORG
62	T-0
62	T-0
.500	T-0
4	T-0
1/2	T-0

PITTSBURGH	B-ORG
53	T-0
73	T-0
.421	T-0
14	T-0
1/2	T-0

COLORADO	B-ORG
65	T-0
62	T-0
.512	T-0
4	T-0

SAN	B-ORG
FRANCISCO	I-ORG
54	T-0
70	T-0
.435	T-0
13	T-0
1/2	T-0

ST	T-0
LOUIS	T-0
AT	T-1
COLORADO	B-LOC

CINCINNATI	B-ORG
AT	T-0
ATLANTA	O

PITTSBURGH	B-ORG
AT	T-0
HOUSTON	T-1

PITTSBURGH	T-0
AT	O
HOUSTON	B-LOC

PHILADELPHIA	B-ORG
AT	T-0
LOS	T-1
ANGELES	T-1

PHILADELPHIA	T-0
AT	T-1
LOS	B-LOC
ANGELES	I-LOC

MONTREAL	B-ORG
AT	O
SAN	O
FRANCISCO	T-0

Results	T-0
of	O
Major	B-MISC
League	I-MISC

California	B-ORG
7	T-0
NEW	O
YORK	O
1	O

California	O
7	T-0
NEW	B-ORG
YORK	I-ORG
1	T-1

DETROIT	B-ORG
7	O
Chicago	T-0
4	O

Milwaukee	B-ORG
10	O
MINNESOTA	T-0
7	O

Milwaukee	T-2
10	T-0
MINNESOTA	B-ORG
7	T-1

BOSTON	T-0
6	O
Oakland	B-ORG
4	O

BALTIMORE	B-ORG
10	T-0
Seattle	O
5	T-1

BALTIMORE	T-0
10	O
Seattle	B-ORG
5	O

Texas	B-ORG
10	O
CLEVELAND	T-0
8	O
(	O
in	O
10	O
)	O

Texas	T-1
10	T-1
CLEVELAND	B-ORG
8	T-0
(	O
in	O
10	O
)	O

Toronto	B-ORG
6	T-0
KANSAS	O
CITY	O
2	O

Toronto	T-0
6	O
KANSAS	B-ORG
CITY	I-ORG
2	O

CHICAGO	B-ORG
8	T-0
Florida	T-1
3	O

CHICAGO	T-0
8	O
Florida	B-ORG
3	O

SAN	B-ORG
FRANCISCO	I-ORG
12	O
New	T-0
York	T-0
11	O

SAN	T-0
FRANCISCO	T-0
12	O
New	B-ORG
York	I-ORG
11	O

ATLANTA	B-ORG
4	T-0
Cincinnati	O
3	O

ATLANTA	O
4	O
Cincinnati	B-ORG
3	T-0

Pittsburgh	B-ORG
5	T-0
HOUSTON	O
2	O

Pittsburgh	T-0
5	O
HOUSTON	B-ORG
2	O

COLORADO	B-ORG
10	T-0
St	T-0
Louis	T-0
2	T-0

COLORADO	T-0
10	T-0
St	B-ORG
Louis	I-ORG
2	O

Philadelphia	B-ORG
6	O
LOS	T-0
ANGELES	T-0
0	O

SAN	B-ORG
DIEGO	I-ORG
7	O
Montreal	T-0
2	O

SAN	T-1
DIEGO	T-1
7	O
Montreal	B-ORG
2	T-0

BASEBALL	T-0
-	O
GREER	B-PER
HOMER	O
IN	O
10TH	O
LIFTS	O
TEXAS	O
PAST	O
INDIANS	O
.	O

BASEBALL	T-1
-	O
GREER	T-0
HOMER	T-0
IN	O
10TH	O
LIFTS	O
TEXAS	B-ORG
PAST	O
INDIANS	O
.	O

BASEBALL	T-0
-	O
GREER	O
HOMER	O
IN	O
10TH	O
LIFTS	O
TEXAS	O
PAST	O
INDIANS	B-ORG
.	O

Rusty	B-PER
Greer	I-PER
's	O
two-run	T-1
homer	T-2
in	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
10th	O
inning	O
rallied	O
the	O
Texas	O
Rangers	O
to	O
a	O
10-8	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Cleveland	O
Indians	O
Wednesday	O
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	T-0
of	O
a	O
three-game	O
series	O
between	O
division	O
leaders	O
.	O

Rusty	T-2
Greer	T-2
's	O
two-run	T-0
homer	T-0
in	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
10th	O
inning	O
rallied	O
the	T-1
Texas	B-ORG
Rangers	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
10-8	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Cleveland	T-3
Indians	O
Wednesday	O
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
a	O
three-game	O
series	O
between	O
division	O
leaders	O
.	O

Rusty	O
Greer	O
's	O
two-run	O
homer	O
in	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
10th	O
inning	O
rallied	O
the	O
Texas	O
Rangers	O
to	O
a	O
10-8	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Cleveland	B-ORG
Indians	I-ORG
Wednesday	T-0
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
a	O
three-game	O
series	O
between	O
division	T-1
leaders	T-1
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
,	O
Greer	B-PER
hit	T-1
a	O
1-1	O
pitch	T-0
from	O
Julian	T-2
Tavarez	T-2
(	O
4-7	O
)	O
over	O
the	O
right-field	O
fence	O
for	O
his	O
15th	O
home	O
run	O
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
,	O
Greer	T-1
hit	O
a	O
1-1	T-2
pitch	O
from	O
Julian	B-PER
Tavarez	I-PER
(	O
4-7	O
)	O
over	O
the	O
right-field	O
fence	T-0
for	O
his	O
15th	T-3
home	O
run	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
was	O
an	O
off-speed	O
pitch	O
and	O
I	O
just	O
tried	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
good	T-1
swing	T-2
on	O
it	O
and	O
put	O
it	O
in	O
play	T-0
,	O
"	O
Greer	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

The	O
shot	T-1
brought	O
home	O
Ivan	B-PER
Rodriguez	I-PER
,	O
who	O
had	T-0
his	T-0
second	T-0
double	T-0
of	O
the	O
game	O
,	O
giving	O
him	O
42	O
this	O
season	O
,	O
41	O
as	O
a	O
catcher	O
.	O

He	O
joined	T-0
Mickey	B-PER
Cochrane	I-PER
,	O
Johnny	O
Bench	O
and	O
Terry	O
Kennedy	O
as	O
the	O
only	O
catchers	T-1
with	O
40	O
doubles	O
in	O
a	O
season	O
.	O

He	T-0
joined	T-0
Mickey	T-2
Cochrane	T-2
,	O
Johnny	B-PER
Bench	I-PER
and	O
Terry	O
Kennedy	O
as	O
the	O
only	O
catchers	T-1
with	O
40	O
doubles	O
in	O
a	O
season	O
.	O

He	O
joined	T-1
Mickey	O
Cochrane	O
,	O
Johnny	O
Bench	O
and	O
Terry	B-PER
Kennedy	I-PER
as	O
the	O
only	O
catchers	T-0
with	O
40	O
doubles	O
in	O
a	O
season	O
.	O

The	T-2
Rangers	B-ORG
have	O
won	O
10	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
12	O
games	O
and	O
six	O
of	O
nine	O
meetings	T-1
against	O
the	O
Indians	T-0
this	O
season	O
.	O

The	O
Rangers	O
have	O
won	T-1
10	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
12	O
games	T-0
and	O
six	O
of	O
nine	O
meetings	O
against	O
the	O
Indians	B-ORG
this	O
season	O
.	O

The	T-0
American	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
Western	I-MISC
leaders	T-1
have	T-1
won	T-1
eight	T-1
of	T-1
15	T-1
games	T-1
at	O
Jacobs	O
Field	O
,	O
joining	O
the	O
Yankees	O
as	O
the	O
only	O
teams	O
with	O
a	O
winning	O
record	O
at	O
the	O
A.L.	O
Central	O
leaders	O
'	O
home	O
.	O

The	O
American	T-1
League	T-1
Western	T-1
leaders	O
have	O
won	O
eight	O
of	O
15	O
games	O
at	T-0
Jacobs	B-LOC
Field	I-LOC
,	O
joining	O
the	O
Yankees	O
as	O
the	O
only	O
teams	O
with	O
a	O
winning	O
record	O
at	O
the	O
A.L.	T-2
Central	T-2
leaders	O
'	O
home	T-3
.	O

The	O
American	O
League	O
Western	O
leaders	O
have	O
won	O
eight	O
of	O
15	O
games	O
at	O
Jacobs	O
Field	O
,	O
joining	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
as	O
the	O
only	O
teams	O
with	O
a	O
winning	T-1
record	T-0
at	O
the	O
A.L.	O
Central	O
leaders	O
'	O
home	O
.	O

The	O
American	O
League	O
Western	O
leaders	O
have	O
won	O
eight	O
of	O
15	O
games	O
at	O
Jacobs	O
Field	O
,	O
joining	O
the	O
Yankees	O
as	O
the	O
only	O
teams	O
with	O
a	T-0
winning	T-0
record	T-0
at	T-0
the	T-3
A.L.	B-MISC
Central	I-MISC
leaders	T-2
'	T-1
home	T-1
.	O

The	O
Indians	B-ORG
sent	O
the	O
game	T-0
into	O
extra	O
innings	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
on	O
Kenny	O
Lofton	O
's	O
two-run	O
single	O
.	O

The	T-0
Indians	T-0
sent	O
the	O
game	O
into	O
extra	O
innings	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
on	T-2
Kenny	B-PER
Lofton	I-PER
's	O
two-run	T-1
single	O
.	O

Ed	B-PER
Vosberg	I-PER
(	O
1-0	O
)	O
blew	T-1
his	O
first	T-2
save	T-2
opportunity	T-2
but	O
got	O
the	O
win	T-3
,	O
allowing	O
three	O
hits	O
with	O
two	O
walks	O
and	O
three	O
strikeouts	O
in	O
1	O
2/3	O
scoreless	O
innings	O
.	O

Dean	B-PER
Palmer	I-PER
hit	T-1
his	O
30th	O
homer	T-2
for	O
the	O
Rangers	O
.	O

Dean	T-0
Palmer	T-0
hit	O
his	O
30th	O
homer	O
for	O
the	T-1
Rangers	B-ORG
.	O

In	O
Baltimore	B-LOC
,	O
Cal	O
Ripken	O
had	O
four	O
hits	T-1
and	O
snapped	O
a	O
fifth-inning	O
tie	O
with	O
a	O
solo	O
homer	O
and	O
Bobby	O
Bonilla	O
added	O
a	O
three-run	O
shot	O
in	T-0
the	O
seventh	T-2
to	O
power	O
the	O
surging	O
Orioles	O
to	O
a	O
10-5	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Seattle	O
Mariners	O
.	O

In	O
Baltimore	T-1
,	O
Cal	B-PER
Ripken	I-PER
had	T-2
four	T-2
hits	T-2
and	O
snapped	O
a	O
fifth-inning	O
tie	T-3
with	O
a	O
solo	O
homer	O
and	O
Bobby	O
Bonilla	O
added	O
a	O
three-run	O
shot	O
in	O
the	O
seventh	O
to	O
power	O
the	O
surging	O
Orioles	O
to	O
a	O
10-5	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Seattle	O
Mariners	O
.	T-3

In	O
Baltimore	O
,	O
Cal	O
Ripken	O
had	O
four	O
hits	O
and	O
snapped	T-1
a	O
fifth-inning	O
tie	O
with	O
a	O
solo	T-0
homer	O
and	O
Bobby	B-PER
Bonilla	I-PER
added	T-2
a	O
three-run	O
shot	O
in	O
the	O
seventh	O
to	O
power	O
the	O
surging	O
Orioles	O
to	O
a	O
10-5	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Seattle	O
Mariners	O
.	T-0

In	O
Baltimore	T-1
,	O
Cal	O
Ripken	O
had	O
four	O
hits	O
and	O
snapped	O
a	O
fifth-inning	O
tie	O
with	O
a	O
solo	O
homer	O
and	O
Bobby	O
Bonilla	O
added	O
a	O
three-run	O
shot	O
in	O
the	O
seventh	O
to	O
power	O
the	O
surging	T-2
Orioles	B-ORG
to	T-0
a	T-0
10-5	T-0
victory	T-0
over	T-0
the	T-0
Seattle	T-0
Mariners	T-0
.	O

In	O
Baltimore	O
,	O
Cal	O
Ripken	O
had	O
four	O
hits	T-0
and	O
snapped	O
a	O
fifth-inning	O
tie	O
with	O
a	O
solo	O
homer	T-1
and	O
Bobby	O
Bonilla	O
added	O
a	O
three-run	O
shot	O
in	O
the	O
seventh	O
to	O
power	O
the	O
surging	O
Orioles	O
to	O
a	O
10-5	O
victory	T-2
over	O
the	T-3
Seattle	B-ORG
Mariners	I-ORG
.	T-0

The	O
Mariners	B-ORG
scored	T-2
four	O
runs	T-3
in	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
fifth	O
to	O
tie	O
the	O
game	O
5-5	O
but	O
Ripken	T-0
led	O
off	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
inning	T-1
with	O
his	O
21st	O
homer	O
off	O
starter	O
Sterling	O
Hitchcock	O
(	O
12-6	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
Mariners	O
scored	T-0
four	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
fifth	O
to	O
tie	O
the	O
game	O
5-5	T-2
but	O
Ripken	B-PER
led	T-1
off	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
inning	O
with	O
his	O
21st	T-3
homer	T-3
off	O
starter	O
Sterling	O
Hitchcock	O
(	O
12-6	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
Mariners	T-1
scored	T-2
four	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
fifth	O
to	O
tie	O
the	O
game	O
5-5	O
but	O
Ripken	O
led	O
off	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
inning	O
with	O
his	O
21st	O
homer	O
off	O
starter	T-0
Sterling	B-PER
Hitchcock	I-PER
(	O
12-6	O
)	O
.	O

Bonilla	B-PER
's	T-0
blast	T-0
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
Randy	O
Johnson	O
,	O
last	O
season	O
's	O
Cy	O
Young	O
winner	O
,	O
allowed	T-1
a	O
run	O
in	O
five	O
relief	O
appearances	O
since	O
coming	O
off	O
the	O
disabled	T-2
list	O
on	O
August	O
6	O
.	O

Bonilla	O
's	O
blast	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
Randy	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
,	O
last	O
season	O
's	O
Cy	O
Young	O
winner	O
,	O
allowed	T-1
a	O
run	T-2
in	O
five	O
relief	O
appearances	T-0
since	O
coming	O
off	O
the	O
disabled	O
list	O
on	O
August	O
6	O
.	O

Bonilla	O
's	O
blast	T-1
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	T-3
Randy	T-0
Johnson	T-0
,	O
last	O
season	O
's	O
Cy	B-PER
Young	I-PER
winner	O
,	O
allowed	T-2
a	O
run	O
in	O
five	O
relief	O
appearances	O
since	O
coming	O
off	O
the	O
disabled	O
list	O
on	O
August	O
6	O
.	O

Bonilla	B-PER
has	O
21	O
RBI	T-0
and	O
15	T-1
runs	T-1
in	O
his	O
last	O
20	T-2
games	T-2
.	O

Bonilla	T-1
has	T-0
21	O
RBI	B-MISC
and	O
15	O
runs	O
in	O
his	O
last	O
20	O
games	O
.	O

Baltimore	B-LOC
has	T-2
won	T-2
seven	O
of	O
nine	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
22	O
and	O
cut	O
the	O
Yankees	T-0
'	O
lead	T-1
in	O
the	O
A.L.	O
East	O
to	O
five	O
games	O
.	O

Baltimore	O
has	O
won	O
seven	O
of	O
nine	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
22	O
and	O
cut	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
'	T-1
lead	T-1
in	O
the	O
A.L.	O
East	O
to	O
five	O
games	O
.	O

Baltimore	T-0
has	O
won	O
seven	O
of	O
nine	O
and	O
16	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
22	O
and	O
cut	O
the	O
Yankees	T-1
'	O
lead	O
in	O
the	O
A.L.	B-MISC
East	I-MISC
to	O
five	O
games	T-2
.	O

Scott	B-PER
Erickson	I-PER
(	O
8-10	O
)	O
laboured	T-0
to	O
his	T-1
third	T-2
straight	O
win	T-3
.	O

Alex	B-PER
Rodriguez	I-PER
had	T-1
two	T-0
homers	T-0
and	O
four	O
RBI	O
for	O
the	O
Mariners	O
,	O
who	O
have	O
dropped	O
three	O
in	O
a	O
row	O
and	O
11	O
of	O
15	O
.	O

Alex	O
Rodriguez	O
had	O
two	T-2
homers	T-2
and	T-2
four	T-2
RBI	B-MISC
for	T-1
the	T-1
Mariners	O
,	O
who	O
have	O
dropped	T-0
three	O
in	O
a	O
row	O
and	O
11	O
of	O
15	O
.	O

Alex	T-0
Rodriguez	T-0
had	O
two	O
homers	O
and	O
four	O
RBI	O
for	T-1
the	T-1
Mariners	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
have	O
dropped	O
three	O
in	O
a	O
row	O
and	O
11	O
of	O
15	O
.	O

He	O
became	O
the	O
fifth	O
shortstop	T-0
in	O
major-league	T-1
history	T-1
to	O
hit	O
30	O
homers	T-2
in	O
a	O
season	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
since	O
Ripken	B-PER
hit	O
34	O
in	O
1991	O
.	O

Chris	B-PER
Hoiles	I-PER
hit	O
his	T-1
22nd	O
homer	O
for	O
Baltimore	T-0
.	O

Chris	O
Hoiles	O
hit	T-0
his	O
22nd	O
homer	O
for	T-1
Baltimore	B-LOC
.	O

In	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
,	O
Jason	O
Dickson	O
scattered	T-0
10	O
hits	O
over	O
6	O
1/3	O
innings	O
in	O
his	O
major-league	O
debut	O
and	O
Chili	O
Davis	O
belted	O
a	O
homer	O
from	O
each	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
plate	O
as	O
the	O
California	O
Angels	O
defeated	O
the	O
Yankees	O
7-1	O
.	O

In	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
Jason	T-1
Dickson	T-1
scattered	O
10	O
hits	O
over	O
6	O
1/3	O
innings	O
in	O
his	O
major-league	O
debut	O
and	O
Chili	B-PER
Davis	I-PER
belted	T-0
a	O
homer	O
from	O
each	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
plate	O
as	O
the	O
California	O
Angels	O
defeated	O
the	O
Yankees	O
7-1	O
.	O

In	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
Jason	T-1
Dickson	T-1
scattered	T-0
10	O
hits	O
over	O
6	O
1/3	O
innings	O
in	O
his	O
major-league	O
debut	O
and	O
Chili	O
Davis	O
belted	O
a	O
homer	O
from	O
each	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
plate	O
as	O
the	O
California	B-ORG
Angels	I-ORG
defeated	O
the	O
Yankees	O
7-1	O
.	O

In	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
Jason	T-0
Dickson	T-0
scattered	T-3
10	O
hits	O
over	O
6	O
1/3	O
innings	O
in	O
his	O
major-league	O
debut	O
and	O
Chili	T-1
Davis	T-1
belted	O
a	O
homer	O
from	O
each	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
plate	O
as	O
the	O
California	T-2
Angels	T-2
defeated	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
7-1	O
.	O

Dickson	B-PER
allowed	T-0
a	O
homer	T-3
to	O
Derek	T-2
Jeter	T-2
on	O
his	O
first	O
major-league	O
pitch	O
but	O
settled	T-1
down	T-1
.	O

Dickson	O
allowed	T-2
a	O
homer	O
to	T-1
Derek	B-PER
Jeter	I-PER
on	O
his	O
first	O
major-league	T-3
pitch	T-0
but	O
settled	O
down	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
the	O
27th	T-2
pitcher	T-2
used	O
by	T-1
the	T-1
Angels	B-ORG
this	O
season	O
,	O
tying	O
a	O
major-league	O
record	O
.	O

Jimmy	B-PER
Key	I-PER
(	O
9-10	O
)	O
took	T-0
the	O
loss	O
as	O
the	O
Yankees	O
lost	O
their	O
ninth	O
in	O
14	O
games	O
.	O

Jimmy	T-0
Key	T-0
(	O
9-10	O
)	O
took	O
the	O
loss	O
as	O
the	O
Yankees	B-ORG
lost	O
their	O
ninth	O
in	O
14	O
games	O
.	O

California	B-LOC
played	T-0
without	O
interim	O
manager	O
John	O
McNamara	O
,	O
who	T-1
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
New	T-2
York	T-2
hospital	T-2
with	O
a	O
blood	O
clot	O
in	O
his	O
right	O
calf	O
.	O

California	T-0
played	O
without	O
interim	O
manager	O
John	B-PER
McNamara	I-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
New	O
York	O
hospital	O
with	O
a	O
blood	O
clot	O
in	O
his	O
right	O
calf	O
.	O

California	O
played	O
without	O
interim	O
manager	O
John	O
McNamara	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
admitted	T-0
to	O
a	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
hospital	T-2
with	O
a	O
blood	T-1
clot	T-1
in	O
his	O
right	O
calf	O
.	O

In	T-0
Boston	B-LOC
,	O
Mike	O
Stanley	O
's	O
bases-loaded	O
two-run	O
single	O
snapped	O
an	O
eighth-inning	O
tie	O
and	O
gave	O
the	O
Red	O
Sox	O
their	O
third	O
straight	O
win	O
,	O
6-4	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	O
Athletics	O
.	O

In	T-2
Boston	T-2
,	O
Mike	B-PER
Stanley	I-PER
's	O
bases-loaded	O
two-run	O
single	T-5
snapped	T-5
an	O
eighth-inning	T-3
tie	O
and	O
gave	O
the	O
Red	O
Sox	O
their	O
third	O
straight	O
win	T-4
,	O
6-4	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	T-1
Athletics	T-1
.	O

In	O
Boston	O
,	O
Mike	T-0
Stanley	T-0
's	T-0
bases-loaded	O
two-run	O
single	O
snapped	T-3
an	O
eighth-inning	O
tie	O
and	O
gave	T-4
the	O
Red	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
their	O
third	O
straight	O
win	O
,	O
6-4	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	T-2
Athletics	T-2
.	O

In	O
Boston	T-0
,	O
Mike	T-1
Stanley	T-1
's	O
bases-loaded	O
two-run	O
single	O
snapped	O
an	O
eighth-inning	O
tie	O
and	O
gave	O
the	O
Red	T-2
Sox	T-2
their	O
third	O
straight	O
win	T-4
,	O
6-4	O
over	T-5
the	T-3
Oakland	B-ORG
Athletics	I-ORG
.	O

Boston	B-LOC
's	O
Mo	T-0
Vaughn	T-0
went	O
3-for-3	O
with	O
a	O
walk	O
,	O
stole	O
home	O
for	O
one	O
of	O
his	O
three	O
runs	O
scored	O
and	O
collected	O
his	O
116th	O
RBI	O
.	O

Boston	O
's	O
Mo	B-PER
Vaughn	I-PER
went	O
3-for-3	O
with	O
a	O
walk	O
,	O
stole	T-1
home	O
for	O
one	O
of	O
his	T-0
three	O
runs	O
scored	O
and	O
collected	O
his	O
116th	O
RBI	O
.	O

Boston	O
's	O
Mo	T-2
Vaughn	T-2
went	T-3
3-for-3	T-3
with	O
a	O
walk	O
,	O
stole	T-1
home	O
for	O
one	O
of	O
his	O
three	O
runs	O
scored	O
and	O
collected	O
his	O
116th	T-0
RBI	B-MISC
.	O

Scott	B-PER
Brosius	I-PER
homered	T-0
and	O
drove	O
in	O
two	T-1
runs	T-1
for	O
the	O
Athletics	O
,	O
who	O
have	O
lost	O
seven	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
nine	T-2
games	T-2
.	O

Scott	O
Brosius	O
homered	T-1
and	O
drove	T-2
in	O
two	O
runs	T-0
for	O
the	O
Athletics	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
have	O
lost	T-3
seven	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
nine	O
games	O
.	O

In	O
Detroit	B-LOC
,	O
Brad	O
Ausmus	O
's	O
three-run	O
homer	O
capped	O
a	O
four-run	O
eighth	O
and	O
lifted	O
the	O
Tigers	O
to	O
a	O
7-4	O
victory	T-0
over	O
the	O
reeling	O
Chicago	T-1
White	T-1
Sox	T-1
.	O

In	O
Detroit	O
,	O
Brad	B-PER
Ausmus	I-PER
's	O
three-run	T-1
homer	T-1
capped	O
a	O
four-run	O
eighth	O
and	O
lifted	O
the	O
Tigers	O
to	O
a	O
7-4	O
victory	T-0
over	O
the	O
reeling	O
Chicago	O
White	O
Sox	O
.	O

In	T-3
Detroit	T-3
,	O
Brad	T-2
Ausmus	T-2
's	O
three-run	T-4
homer	O
capped	O
a	O
four-run	O
eighth	O
and	O
lifted	T-0
the	T-0
Tigers	B-ORG
to	O
a	O
7-4	O
victory	T-5
over	O
the	O
reeling	O
Chicago	O
White	O
Sox	O
.	O

In	O
Detroit	O
,	O
Brad	O
Ausmus	O
's	O
three-run	T-0
homer	O
capped	T-2
a	O
four-run	O
eighth	O
and	O
lifted	O
the	O
Tigers	O
to	O
a	O
7-4	O
victory	O
over	T-1
the	O
reeling	O
Chicago	B-ORG
White	I-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
.	O

The	O
Tigers	B-ORG
have	T-0
won	T-1
consecutive	T-1
games	O
after	O
dropping	O
eight	O
in	O
a	O
row	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
won	O
nine	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
12	O
at	O
home	O
.	O

The	T-0
White	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
have	O
lost	T-1
six	O
of	O
their	O
last	O
eight	O
games	O
.	O

In	O
Kansas	T-2
City	T-2
,	O
Juan	B-PER
Guzman	I-PER
tossed	T-0
a	O
complete-game	O
six-hitter	O
to	O
win	T-3
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
over	O
a	O
month	O
and	O
lower	O
his	T-1
league-best	O
ERA	T-4
as	O
the	O
Toronto	T-5
Blue	T-5
Jays	T-5
won	O
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
,	O
6-2	O
over	O
the	O
Royals	O
.	T-4

In	O
Kansas	O
City	O
,	O
Juan	O
Guzman	O
tossed	O
a	O
complete-game	O
six-hitter	O
to	O
win	T-0
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
over	O
a	O
month	O
and	O
lower	O
his	O
league-best	T-4
ERA	B-MISC
as	O
the	O
Toronto	T-3
Blue	T-3
Jays	O
won	T-1
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
,	O
6-2	O
over	O
the	O
Royals	T-2
.	O

In	O
Kansas	T-0
City	T-0
,	O
Juan	O
Guzman	O
tossed	O
a	O
complete-game	O
six-hitter	O
to	O
win	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
over	O
a	O
month	O
and	O
lower	O
his	O
league-best	O
ERA	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	B-ORG
Blue	I-ORG
Jays	I-ORG
won	T-1
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
,	O
6-2	O
over	T-2
the	T-2
Royals	T-2
.	O

In	O
Kansas	O
City	O
,	O
Juan	T-1
Guzman	T-1
tossed	O
a	O
complete-game	O
six-hitter	O
to	O
win	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
over	O
a	O
month	O
and	O
lower	O
his	O
league-best	O
ERA	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	O
Blue	O
Jays	O
won	O
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
,	O
6-2	O
over	T-0
the	T-0
Royals	B-ORG
.	O

Guzman	B-PER
(	O
10-8	T-0
)	O
won	T-1
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
since	O
July	O
16	O
,	O
a	O
span	O
of	O
six	O
starts	O
.	O

He	O
allowed	O
two	O
runs	O
--	O
one	O
earned	T-1
--	O
and	O
lowered	T-0
his	O
ERA	B-MISC
to	O
2.99	O
.	O

At	T-0
Minnesota	B-LOC
,	O
John	T-1
Jaha	T-1
's	T-1
three-run	T-4
homer	T-4
,	O
his	O
26th	O
,	O
capped	T-5
a	O
five-run	O
eighth	O
inning	O
that	O
rallied	O
the	O
Milwaukee	T-2
Brewers	T-2
to	O
a	O
10-7	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Twins	T-3
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	T-1
,	O
John	B-PER
Jaha	I-PER
's	O
three-run	T-0
homer	T-0
,	O
his	O
26th	O
,	O
capped	T-2
a	O
five-run	O
eighth	O
inning	O
that	O
rallied	O
the	O
Milwaukee	O
Brewers	O
to	O
a	O
10-7	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Twins	O
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	O
,	O
John	O
Jaha	O
's	O
three-run	O
homer	O
,	O
his	O
26th	O
,	O
capped	T-3
a	O
five-run	O
eighth	O
inning	O
that	O
rallied	T-0
the	O
Milwaukee	B-ORG
Brewers	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
10-7	O
victory	T-1
over	O
the	O
Twins	T-2
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	O
,	O
John	T-1
Jaha	T-1
's	O
three-run	O
homer	O
,	O
his	O
26th	O
,	O
capped	T-0
a	O
five-run	O
eighth	O
inning	T-2
that	O
rallied	O
the	O
Milwaukee	T-3
Brewers	O
to	O
a	O
10-7	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Twins	B-ORG
.	O

Jaha	B-PER
added	O
an	O
RBI	T-0
single	T-1
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
had	O
four	O
RBI	O
.	O

Jaha	T-1
added	T-0
an	T-0
RBI	B-MISC
single	T-2
in	T-2
the	T-2
ninth	T-2
and	O
had	O
four	O
RBI	O
.	O

Jaha	O
added	T-1
an	O
RBI	O
single	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	T-0
had	T-0
four	T-0
RBI	B-MISC
.	O

Jose	B-PER
Valentin	I-PER
hit	T-0
his	T-0
21st	O
homer	O
for	O
Milwaukee	O
.	O

Jose	O
Valentin	O
hit	O
his	O
21st	O
homer	O
for	T-0
Milwaukee	B-ORG
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
COCU	B-PER
DOUBLE	T-0
EARNS	T-1
PSV	O
4-1	O
WIN	T-2
.	O

SOCCER	T-2
-	O
COCU	T-1
DOUBLE	T-1
EARNS	T-0
PSV	B-ORG
4-1	O
WIN	O
.	O

Philip	B-PER
Cocu	I-PER
scored	T-2
twice	T-3
in	O
the	O
second	O
half	O
to	O
spur	O
PSV	T-0
Eindhoven	T-0
to	O
a	O
4-1	O
away	O
win	T-4
over	O
NEC	T-1
Nijmegen	T-1
in	O
the	O
Dutch	O
first	O
division	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Philip	O
Cocu	O
scored	O
twice	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
half	O
to	O
spur	T-1
PSV	B-ORG
Eindhoven	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
4-1	O
away	O
win	O
over	O
NEC	T-0
Nijmegen	T-0
in	O
the	O
Dutch	O
first	O
division	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Philip	T-0
Cocu	T-0
scored	T-1
twice	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
half	O
to	O
spur	O
PSV	O
Eindhoven	O
to	O
a	O
4-1	O
away	O
win	O
over	O
NEC	B-ORG
Nijmegen	I-ORG
in	O
the	O
Dutch	O
first	O
division	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Philip	O
Cocu	O
scored	T-1
twice	T-1
in	O
the	O
second	O
half	O
to	O
spur	O
PSV	O
Eindhoven	O
to	O
a	O
4-1	O
away	O
win	O
over	O
NEC	O
Nijmegen	T-0
in	O
the	O
Dutch	B-MISC
first	T-2
division	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Arthur	B-PER
Numan	I-PER
and	O
Luc	T-0
Nilis	T-0
,	O
Dutch	O
top	O
scorer	O
last	O
season	O
,	O
were	T-2
PSV	T-1
's	O
other	O
marksmen	T-3
.	O

Arthur	T-1
Numan	T-1
and	O
Luc	B-PER
Nilis	I-PER
,	O
Dutch	O
top	O
scorer	T-0
last	O
season	O
,	O
were	T-2
PSV	T-3
's	T-3
other	T-3
marksmen	T-3
.	T-3

Arthur	T-2
Numan	T-2
and	O
Luc	T-3
Nilis	T-3
,	O
Dutch	B-MISC
top	T-0
scorer	T-0
last	O
season	T-1
,	O
were	O
PSV	O
's	O
other	O
marksmen	O
.	O

Arthur	T-1
Numan	T-1
and	O
Luc	T-2
Nilis	T-2
,	O
Dutch	T-0
top	T-0
scorer	T-0
last	O
season	O
,	O
were	O
PSV	B-ORG
's	O
other	O
marksmen	T-3
.	O

Ajax	B-ORG
Amsterdam	I-ORG
opened	O
their	T-0
title	T-0
defence	T-0
with	O
a	O
1-0	O
win	O
over	O
NAC	O
Breda	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Ajax	O
Amsterdam	O
opened	T-0
their	O
title	O
defence	O
with	O
a	O
1-0	O
win	O
over	O
NAC	B-ORG
Breda	I-ORG
on	T-1
Wednesday	T-1
.	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
DUTCH	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	T-1
SUMMARY	O
.	O

Dutch	B-MISC
first	T-0
division	T-0
match	T-0
:	O

NEC	B-ORG
Nijmegen	I-ORG
1	O
(	O
Van	O
Eykeren	O
15th	O
)	O
PSV	O
Eindhoven	T-0
4	O
(	O
Numan	O
11th	O
,	O

NEC	O
Nijmegen	T-0
1	O
(	O
Van	O
Eykeren	O
15th	O
)	O
PSV	B-ORG
Eindhoven	I-ORG
4	O
(	O
Numan	O
11th	O
,	O

Nilis	T-0
42nd	O
,	O
Cocu	B-PER
54th	T-1
,	T-1
67th	T-1
)	O
.	O

SOCCER	T-1
-	O
DUTCH	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	O
RESULT	T-0
.	O

Result	T-0
of	O
a	O
Dutch	B-MISC
first	O

NEC	B-ORG
Nijmegen	I-ORG
1	O
PSV	T-0
Eindhoven	O
4	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
SHARPSHOOTER	T-1
KNUP	B-PER
BACK	T-0
IN	O
SWISS	O
SQUAD	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
SHARPSHOOTER	T-1
KNUP	O
BACK	T-0
IN	O
SWISS	B-MISC
SQUAD	O
.	O

Galatasaray	B-ORG
striker	O
Adrian	O
Knup	O
,	O
scorer	O
of	O
26	O
goals	O
in	O
45	O
internationals	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
recalled	O
by	O
Switzerland	T-1
for	O
the	O
World	T-0
Cup	T-0
qualifier	O
against	O
Azerbaijan	O
in	O
Baku	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Galatasaray	O
striker	O
Adrian	B-PER
Knup	I-PER
,	O
scorer	T-4
of	O
26	O
goals	T-0
in	O
45	O
internationals	O
,	O
has	T-5
been	T-5
recalled	T-5
by	O
Switzerland	T-2
for	O
the	O
World	T-3
Cup	T-3
qualifier	O
against	O
Azerbaijan	O
in	O
Baku	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Galatasaray	O
striker	O
Adrian	O
Knup	O
,	O
scorer	O
of	O
26	O
goals	O
in	O
45	O
internationals	T-2
,	O
has	O
been	O
recalled	T-0
by	O
Switzerland	B-LOC
for	O
the	O
World	T-1
Cup	T-1
qualifier	T-1
against	O
Azerbaijan	O
in	O
Baku	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Galatasaray	T-0
striker	T-0
Adrian	T-1
Knup	T-1
,	O
scorer	O
of	O
26	O
goals	O
in	O
45	O
internationals	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
recalled	T-3
by	O
Switzerland	O
for	O
the	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
qualifier	T-4
against	O
Azerbaijan	O
in	O
Baku	T-2
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Galatasaray	O
striker	T-1
Adrian	O
Knup	O
,	O
scorer	O
of	O
26	O
goals	O
in	O
45	O
internationals	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
recalled	O
by	O
Switzerland	O
for	O
the	O
World	O
Cup	O
qualifier	O
against	O
Azerbaijan	B-LOC
in	T-0
Baku	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Galatasaray	O
striker	O
Adrian	T-0
Knup	T-0
,	O
scorer	O
of	O
26	O
goals	O
in	O
45	O
internationals	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
recalled	O
by	O
Switzerland	T-1
for	O
the	O
World	T-2
Cup	T-2
qualifier	O
against	O
Azerbaijan	O
in	O
Baku	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Knup	B-PER
was	T-0
overlooked	T-2
by	O
Artur	T-3
Jorge	T-3
for	O
the	O
European	T-1
championship	O
finals	O
earlier	O
this	O
year	O
.	O

Knup	T-1
was	O
overlooked	O
by	O
Artur	T-2
Jorge	T-2
for	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
championship	T-0
finals	O
earlier	O
this	O
year	O
.	O

But	O
new	O
coach	O
Rolf	B-PER
Fringer	I-PER
is	O
clearly	O
a	O
Knup	O
fan	O
and	O
included	T-0
him	O
in	O
his	O
19-man	O
squad	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

But	O
new	O
coach	T-0
Rolf	T-3
Fringer	T-3
is	O
clearly	O
a	O
Knup	B-PER
fan	T-1
and	O
included	O
him	O
in	O
his	O
19-man	O
squad	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Switzerland	B-LOC
failed	T-1
to	O
progress	T-2
beyond	O
the	O
opening	O
group	O
phase	T-3
in	O
Euro	T-0
96	T-0
.	O

Switzerland	T-1
failed	T-0
to	O
progress	O
beyond	O
the	O
opening	O
group	O
phase	O
in	O
Euro	B-MISC
96	I-MISC
.	O

Goalkeepers	T-0
-	O
Marco	T-1
Pascolo	O
(	O
Cagliari	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Pascal	O
Zuberbuehler	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Goalkeepers	T-0
-	O
Marco	T-1
Pascolo	T-1
(	O
Cagliari	T-2
)	O
,	O
Pascal	B-PER
Zuberbuehler	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Goalkeepers	O
-	O
Marco	T-0
Pascolo	T-0
(	O
Cagliari	T-2
)	O
,	O
Pascal	T-1
Zuberbuehler	T-1
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

Defenders	T-1
-	O
Stephane	B-PER
Henchoz	I-PER
(	O
Hamburg	T-2
)	O
,	O
Marc	T-0
Hottiger	T-0
(	O
Everton	T-3
)	O
,	O
Yvan	O
Quentin	O
(	O
Sion	T-4
)	O
,	O
Ramon	O
Vega	O
(	O
Cagliari	T-5
)	O
Raphael	O
Wicky	O
(	O
Sion	T-6
)	O
.	O

Defenders	O
-	O
Stephane	T-0
Henchoz	T-0
(	O
Hamburg	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Marc	T-1
Hottiger	T-1
(	O
Everton	T-5
)	O
,	O
Yvan	T-2
Quentin	T-2
(	T-2
Sion	T-6
)	O
,	O
Ramon	T-3
Vega	T-3
(	O
Cagliari	T-7
)	O
Raphael	T-4
Wicky	T-4
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
.	O

Defenders	T-0
-	O
Stephane	O
Henchoz	O
(	O
Hamburg	O
)	O
,	O
Marc	B-PER
Hottiger	I-PER
(	O
Everton	T-1
)	O
,	O
Yvan	O
Quentin	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
Ramon	O
Vega	O
(	O
Cagliari	O
)	O
Raphael	O
Wicky	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
.	O

Defenders	O
-	O
Stephane	T-0
Henchoz	T-0
(	O
Hamburg	O
)	O
,	O
Marc	O
Hottiger	O
(	O
Everton	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Yvan	O
Quentin	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
Ramon	O
Vega	O
(	O
Cagliari	O
)	O
Raphael	O
Wicky	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
.	O

Defenders	T-0
-	O
Stephane	T-2
Henchoz	T-2
(	O
Hamburg	O
)	O
,	O
Marc	T-3
Hottiger	T-3
(	O
Everton	O
)	O
,	O
Yvan	B-PER
Quentin	I-PER
(	O
Sion	T-1
)	O
,	O
Ramon	T-4
Vega	T-4
(	O
Cagliari	O
)	O
Raphael	T-5
Wicky	T-5
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
.	O

Defenders	T-0
-	O
Stephane	O
Henchoz	O
(	O
Hamburg	O
)	O
,	O
Marc	O
Hottiger	O
(	O
Everton	O
)	O
,	O
Yvan	T-1
Quentin	T-1
(	O
Sion	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Ramon	O
Vega	O
(	O
Cagliari	O
)	O
Raphael	O
Wicky	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
.	O

Defenders	T-1
-	O
Stephane	T-2
Henchoz	T-2
(	O
Hamburg	O
)	O
,	O
Marc	T-3
Hottiger	T-3
(	O
Everton	O
)	O
,	O
Yvan	T-4
Quentin	T-4
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
Ramon	B-PER
Vega	I-PER
(	O
Cagliari	T-0
)	O
Raphael	O
Wicky	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
.	O

Defenders	O
-	O
Stephane	O
Henchoz	O
(	O
Hamburg	O
)	O
,	O
Marc	O
Hottiger	O
(	O
Everton	O
)	O
,	O
Yvan	O
Quentin	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
Ramon	T-0
Vega	T-0
(	O
Cagliari	B-ORG
)	O
Raphael	T-1
Wicky	T-1
(	T-1
Sion	T-1
)	T-1
.	T-1

Defenders	T-1
-	O
Stephane	T-0
Henchoz	T-0
(	O
Hamburg	O
)	O
,	O
Marc	O
Hottiger	O
(	O
Everton	O
)	O
,	O
Yvan	O
Quentin	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
Ramon	O
Vega	O
(	O
Cagliari	O
)	O
Raphael	T-2
Wicky	O
(	O
Sion	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	B-PER
Comisetti	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	T-1
Comisetti	T-1
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-1
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	B-PER
Esposito	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-0
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	T-1
Esposito	T-1
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	T-2
Comisetti	T-2
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-9
)	O
,	O
Antonio	T-3
Esposito	T-3
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-10
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	B-PER
Fournier	I-PER
(	O
Stuttgart	T-1
)	O
,	O
Christophe	T-4
Ohrel	T-4
(	O
Lausanne	T-11
)	O
,	O
Patrick	T-5
Sylvestre	T-5
(	O
Sion	T-12
)	O
,	O
David	T-6
Sesa	T-6
(	O
Servette	T-13
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	T-7
Sforza	T-7
(	O
Inter	T-14
Milan	T-14
)	O
Murat	T-8
Yakin	T-8
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-15
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-1
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	T-0
Fournier	T-0
(	O
Stuttgart	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Alexandre	T-0
Comisetti	T-0
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-7
)	O
,	O
Antonio	T-1
Esposito	T-1
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-8
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	T-2
Fournier	T-2
(	O
Stuttgart	T-9
)	O
,	O
Christophe	B-PER
Ohrel	I-PER
(	O
Lausanne	T-10
)	O
,	O
Patrick	T-3
Sylvestre	T-3
(	O
Sion	T-11
)	O
,	O
David	T-4
Sesa	T-4
(	O
Servette	T-12
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	T-5
Sforza	T-5
(	O
Inter	T-13
Milan	T-13
)	O
Murat	T-6
Yakin	T-6
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-14
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-1
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	T-0
Sylvestre	T-0
(	O
Sion	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	T-1
Comisetti	T-1
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	T-2
Esposito	T-2
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	B-PER
Sesa	I-PER
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Alexandre	T-0
Comisetti	T-0
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-8
)	O
,	O
Antonio	T-1
Esposito	T-1
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-9
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	T-2
Fournier	T-2
(	O
Stuttgart	T-10
)	O
,	O
Christophe	T-3
Ohrel	T-3
(	O
Lausanne	T-11
)	O
,	O
Patrick	T-4
Sylvestre	T-4
(	O
Sion	T-12
)	O
,	O
David	T-5
Sesa	T-5
(	O
Servette	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	T-6
Sforza	T-6
(	O
Inter	T-14
Milan	T-14
)	O
Murat	T-7
Yakin	T-7
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	T-13

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	B-PER
Sforza	I-PER
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-1
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	T-0
Sforza	T-0
(	O
Inter	B-ORG
Milan	I-ORG
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	B-PER
Yakin	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Alexandre	O
Comisetti	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Antonio	O
Esposito	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Sebastien	O
Fournier	O
(	O
Stuttgart	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Ohrel	O
(	O
Lausanne	O
)	O
,	O
Patrick	O
Sylvestre	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Sesa	O
(	O
Servette	O
)	O
,	O
Ciriaco	O
Sforza	O
(	O
Inter	O
Milan	O
)	O
Murat	O
Yakin	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

Strikers	O
-	O
Kubilay	B-PER
Turkyilmaz	I-PER
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-1
)	O
,	O
Adrian	T-0
Knup	T-0
(	O
Galatasaray	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Bonvin	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
Stephane	O
Chapuisat	O
(	O
Borussia	O
Dortmund	O
)	O
.	O

Strikers	T-0
-	O
Kubilay	O
Turkyilmaz	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Adrian	O
Knup	O
(	O
Galatasaray	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Bonvin	O
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
Stephane	O
Chapuisat	O
(	O
Borussia	O
Dortmund	O
)	O
.	O

Strikers	T-4
-	O
Kubilay	O
Turkyilmaz	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-0
)	O
,	O
Adrian	B-PER
Knup	I-PER
(	O
Galatasaray	T-1
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Bonvin	O
(	O
Sion	T-2
)	O
,	O
Stephane	O
Chapuisat	O
(	O
Borussia	T-3
Dortmund	O
)	O
.	O

Strikers	T-0
-	O
Kubilay	O
Turkyilmaz	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Adrian	T-1
Knup	T-1
(	O
Galatasaray	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Christophe	T-2
Bonvin	T-2
(	O
Sion	O
)	O
,	O
Stephane	O
Chapuisat	O
(	O
Borussia	O
Dortmund	O
)	O
.	O

Strikers	T-1
-	O
Kubilay	O
Turkyilmaz	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	O
)	O
,	O
Adrian	O
Knup	O
(	O
Galatasaray	O
)	O
,	O
Christophe	T-0
Bonvin	T-0
(	O
Sion	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
Stephane	O
Chapuisat	O
(	O
Borussia	O
Dortmund	O
)	O
.	O

Strikers	T-0
-	O
Kubilay	O
Turkyilmaz	O
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-1
)	O
,	O
Adrian	O
Knup	O
(	O
Galatasaray	T-2
)	O
,	O
Christophe	O
Bonvin	O
(	O
Sion	T-3
)	O
,	O
Stephane	B-PER
Chapuisat	I-PER
(	O
Borussia	T-4
Dortmund	T-4
)	O
.	O

Strikers	T-7
-	O
Kubilay	T-0
Turkyilmaz	T-0
(	O
Grasshoppers	T-4
)	O
,	O
Adrian	T-1
Knup	T-1
(	O
Galatasaray	T-5
)	O
,	O
Christophe	T-2
Bonvin	T-2
(	O
Sion	T-6
)	O
,	O
Stephane	T-3
Chapuisat	T-3
(	O
Borussia	B-ORG
Dortmund	I-ORG
)	O
.	O

Spectators	T-1
at	O
Friday	O
's	O
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	T-0
prix	T-0
meeting	O
have	O
an	O
extra	O
incentive	O
to	O
cheer	O
on	O
the	O
athletes	O
to	O
world	T-2
record	T-2
performances	T-2
--	O
a	O
free	O
glass	O
of	O
beer	O
.	O

A	O
Belgian	B-MISC
brewery	T-1
has	T-0
offered	T-0
to	O
pay	T-2
for	O
a	O
free	O
round	O
of	O
drinks	O
for	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
40,000	O
crowd	O
if	O
a	O
world	O
record	O
goes	O
at	O
the	O
meeting	O
,	O
organisers	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

GOLF	O
-	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
FIRST	T-0
ROUND	T-0
SCORES	T-0
.	O

STUTTGART	B-LOC
,	O
Germany	T-0
1996-08-22	O

scores	O
in	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
golf	O
championship	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
(	O
Britain	O

scores	O
in	O
the	O
German	T-1
Open	T-1
golf	O
championship	O
on	O
Thursday	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC

64	O
David	O
J.	O
Russell	O
,	O
Michael	B-PER
Campbell	I-PER
(	O
New	O
Zealand	O
)	O
,	O
Ian	T-0

64	O
David	O
J.	O
Russell	O
,	O
Michael	T-0
Campbell	T-0
(	O
New	B-LOC
Zealand	I-LOC
)	O
,	O
Ian	O

64	O
David	T-0
J.	T-0
Russell	T-0
,	O
Michael	T-1
Campbell	T-1
(	T-1
New	T-1
Zealand	T-1
)	T-1
,	O
Ian	B-PER

Woosnam	B-PER
,	O
Bernhard	T-0
Langer	O
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
,	O
Ronan	O
Rafferty	O
,	O
Mats	T-0

Woosnam	T-0
,	O
Bernhard	B-PER
Langer	I-PER
(	T-1
Germany	T-1
)	T-1
,	O
Ronan	O
Rafferty	O
,	O
Mats	O

Woosnam	T-0
,	O
Bernhard	O
Langer	T-1
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Ronan	O
Rafferty	O
,	O
Mats	O

Woosnam	T-0
,	O
Bernhard	T-1
Langer	T-1
(	O
Germany	T-2
)	O
,	O
Ronan	B-PER
Rafferty	I-PER
,	O
Mats	O

Woosnam	T-1
,	O
Bernhard	O
Langer	O
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
,	O
Ronan	T-2
Rafferty	T-2
,	O
Mats	B-PER

Lanner	B-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
,	O
Wayne	T-0
Riley	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O

Lanner	T-0
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Wayne	T-1
Riley	T-1
(	O
Australia	O
)	O

Lanner	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Wayne	B-PER
Riley	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O

Lanner	O
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
,	O
Wayne	T-1
Riley	T-1
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O

65	O
Eamonn	O
Darcy	O
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Per	T-0
Nyman	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Russell	T-1
Claydon	T-1
,	O

65	O
Eamonn	O
Darcy	O
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
,	O
Per	B-PER
Nyman	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
,	O
Russell	T-1
Claydon	T-1
,	O

65	O
Eamonn	O
Darcy	O
(	O
Ireland	T-0
)	O
,	O
Per	O
Nyman	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Russell	O
Claydon	O
,	O

65	O
Eamonn	O
Darcy	O
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
,	O
Per	T-1
Nyman	T-1
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
,	O
Russell	B-PER
Claydon	I-PER
,	O

Mark	B-PER
Roe	I-PER
,	O
Retief	T-0
Goosen	T-0
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
,	O
Carl	T-1
Suneson	T-1

Mark	T-0
Roe	T-0
,	O
Retief	B-PER
Goosen	I-PER
(	O
South	O
Africa	O
)	O
,	O
Carl	T-1
Suneson	T-1

Mark	T-0
Roe	T-0
,	O
Retief	T-1
Goosen	T-1
(	O
South	T-2
Africa	T-2
)	O
,	O
Carl	B-PER
Suneson	I-PER

66	O
Stephen	B-PER
Field	I-PER
,	O
Paul	T-0
Lawrie	T-0
,	O
Ian	T-1
Pyman	T-1
,	O
Max	T-2
Anglert	T-2

66	O
Stephen	T-0
Field	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
Lawrie	I-PER
,	O
Ian	O
Pyman	O
,	O
Max	O
Anglert	O

66	O
Stephen	T-0
Field	T-0
,	O
Paul	T-1
Lawrie	T-1
,	O
Ian	B-PER
Pyman	I-PER
,	O
Max	T-2
Anglert	T-2

66	O
Stephen	O
Field	O
,	O
Paul	T-0
Lawrie	T-0
,	O
Ian	T-1
Pyman	T-1
,	O
Max	B-PER
Anglert	I-PER

(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Miles	O
Tunnicliff	O
,	O
Christian	T-0
Cevaer	T-0
(	O
France	T-1
)	O
,	O

(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
,	O
Miles	B-PER
Tunnicliff	I-PER
,	O
Christian	O
Cevaer	O
(	O
France	O
)	O
,	O

(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
,	O
Miles	T-0
Tunnicliff	T-0
,	O
Christian	T-2
Cevaer	T-2
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

Des	B-PER
Smyth	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
,	O
David	T-0
Carter	T-0
,	O
Lee	O
Westwood	O
,	O
Greg	O

Des	T-0
Smyth	T-0
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
David	O
Carter	O
,	O
Lee	O
Westwood	O
,	O
Greg	O

Des	T-0
Smyth	T-0
(	T-0
Ireland	T-0
)	T-0
,	O
David	B-PER
Carter	I-PER
,	O
Lee	T-1
Westwood	T-1
,	O
Greg	O

Des	O
Smyth	O
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
,	O
David	O
Carter	O
,	O
Lee	B-PER
Westwood	I-PER
,	O
Greg	T-0

Des	T-0
Smyth	T-0
(	O
Ireland	T-2
)	O
,	O
David	T-1
Carter	T-1
,	O
Lee	O
Westwood	O
,	O
Greg	B-PER

Chalmers	B-PER
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
,	O
Miguel	O
Angel	O
Martin	O
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
,	O

Chalmers	T-0
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Miguel	O
Angel	O
Martin	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
,	O

Chalmers	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
,	O
Miguel	B-PER
Angel	I-PER
Martin	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
,	O

Chalmers	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
,	O
Miguel	T-0
Angel	T-0
Martin	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

Thomas	B-PER
Bjorn	I-PER
(	O
Denmark	T-0
)	O
,	O
Fernando	O
Roca	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
,	O
Derrick	O

Thomas	T-1
Bjorn	T-1
(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Fernando	O
Roca	O
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
,	O
Derrick	O

Thomas	T-0
Bjorn	T-0
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
,	O
Fernando	O
Roca	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Derrick	O

Thomas	O
Bjorn	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
,	O
Fernando	T-0
Roca	T-0
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
,	O
Derrick	B-PER

67	O
Jeff	B-PER
Hawksworth	I-PER
,	O
Padraig	T-2
Harrington	T-3
(	O
Ireland	T-0
)	O
,	O
Michael	T-1

67	O
Jeff	O
Hawksworth	O
,	O
Padraig	B-PER
Harrington	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
,	O
Michael	T-0

67	O
Jeff	T-0
Hawksworth	T-0
,	O
Padraig	O
Harrington	O
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Michael	T-1

Welch	B-PER
,	O
Thomas	O
Gogele	T-1
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
,	O
Paul	O
McGinley	O
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
,	O

Welch	T-3
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Gogele	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O
,	O
Paul	T-0
McGinley	T-0
(	O
Ireland	T-2
)	O
,	O

Welch	T-0
,	O
Thomas	O
Gogele	O
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Paul	T-1
McGinley	T-1
(	O
Ireland	T-2
)	O
,	O

Welch	O
,	O
Thomas	T-0
Gogele	T-0
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
McGinley	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
,	O

Welch	O
,	O
Thomas	T-0
Gogele	T-0
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O
,	O
Paul	O
McGinley	O
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

Gary	B-PER
Orr	I-PER
,	O
Jose-Maria	T-0
Canizares	T-0
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
,	O
Michael	O
Jonzon	O

Gary	O
Orr	T-0
,	O
Jose-Maria	B-PER
Canizares	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
,	O
Michael	T-1
Jonzon	T-2

Gary	O
Orr	O
,	O
Jose-Maria	T-0
Canizares	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Michael	O
Jonzon	O

Gary	T-0
Orr	T-0
,	O
Jose-Maria	T-1
Canizares	T-1
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
,	O
Michael	B-PER
Jonzon	I-PER

(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Paul	T-0
Eales	T-0
,	O
David	T-2
Williams	O
,	O
Andrew	T-1
Coltart	T-1
,	T-2

(	T-0
Sweden	T-0
)	T-0
,	O
Paul	T-1
Eales	T-1
,	O
David	B-PER
Williams	I-PER
,	O
Andrew	O
Coltart	O
,	O

(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Paul	T-0
Eales	T-0
,	O
David	O
Williams	O
,	O
Andrew	B-PER
Coltart	I-PER
,	O

Jonathan	B-PER
Lomas	I-PER
,	O
Jose	O
Rivero	O
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
,	O
Robert	O
Karlsson	O

Jonathan	T-0
Lomas	T-0
,	O
Jose	B-PER
Rivero	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
,	O
Robert	O
Karlsson	O

Jonathan	T-0
Lomas	T-0
,	O
Jose	T-1
Rivero	T-1
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Robert	T-2
Karlsson	T-2

(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Marcus	T-1
Wills	T-1
,	O
Pedro	T-2
Linhart	T-2
(	T-0
Spain	T-0
)	T-0
,	O
Jamie	T-3

(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Marcus	B-PER
Wills	I-PER
,	O
Pedro	T-0
Linhart	T-0
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
,	O
Jamie	T-2

(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Marcus	O
Wills	O
,	O
Pedro	B-PER
Linhart	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
,	O
Jamie	T-0

(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
,	O
Marcus	O
Wills	O
,	O
Pedro	O
Linhart	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Jamie	O

(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
,	O
Marcus	O
Wills	O
,	O
Pedro	T-0
Linhart	T-0
(	O
Spain	T-1
)	O
,	O
Jamie	B-PER

Spence	B-PER
,	O
Terry	T-0
Price	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
,	O
Juan	O
Carlos	O
Pinero	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
,	O

Spence	T-2
,	O
Terry	B-PER
Price	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-3
)	O
,	O
Juan	T-1
Carlos	T-1
Pinero	T-1
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
,	O

Spence	T-1
,	O
Terry	T-2
Price	T-2
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
,	O
Juan	T-3
Carlos	T-3
Pinero	T-3
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
,	O

Spence	O
,	O
Terry	O
Price	O
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
,	O
Juan	B-PER
Carlos	I-PER
Pinero	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
,	O

Spence	O
,	O
Terry	T-0
Price	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
,	O
Juan	T-1
Carlos	T-1
Pinero	T-1
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
,	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
UEFA	B-ORG
REWARDS	T-1
THREE	O
COUNTRIES	O
FOR	O
FAIR	O
PLAY	O
.	O

Norway	B-LOC
,	O
England	T-1
and	T-1
Sweden	T-1
were	O
rewarded	O
for	O
their	O
fair	O
play	O
on	O
Thursday	O
with	O
an	O
additional	T-0
place	O
in	O
the	O
1997-98	O
UEFA	O
Cup	O
competition	O
.	O

Norway	O
,	O
England	B-LOC
and	T-1
Sweden	T-1
were	O
rewarded	O
for	O
their	O
fair	O
play	O
on	O
Thursday	O
with	O
an	O
additional	O
place	O
in	O
the	O
1997-98	O
UEFA	O
Cup	O
competition	O
.	O

Norway	O
,	O
England	O
and	O
Sweden	B-LOC
were	O
rewarded	T-2
for	O
their	O
fair	O
play	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
with	O
an	O
additional	O
place	O
in	O
the	O
1997-98	O
UEFA	T-0
Cup	T-0
competition	O
.	O

Norway	B-LOC
headed	T-0
the	O
UEFA	T-2
Fair	O
Play	O
rankings	T-1
for	O
1995-96	O
with	O
8.62	O
points	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
England	O
with	O
8.61	O
and	O
Sweden	O
8.57	O
.	O

Norway	T-1
headed	O
the	O
UEFA	B-MISC
Fair	I-MISC
Play	I-MISC
rankings	T-4
for	O
1995-96	T-0
with	O
8.62	O
points	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
England	T-2
with	O
8.61	O
and	O
Sweden	T-3
8.57	O
.	O

Norway	O
headed	O
the	O
UEFA	T-3
Fair	T-3
Play	T-3
rankings	T-3
for	O
1995-96	T-1
with	O
8.62	O
points	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	T-0
England	B-LOC
with	O
8.61	T-2
and	O
Sweden	O
8.57	O
.	O

Norway	O
headed	O
the	O
UEFA	O
Fair	O
Play	O
rankings	O
for	O
1995-96	T-1
with	O
8.62	O
points	T-0
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
England	O
with	O
8.61	O
and	O
Sweden	B-LOC
8.57	O
.	O

Norway	B-LOC
8.62	T-0
points	T-0

2.	O
England	B-LOC
8.61	T-0

3.	O
Sweden	B-LOC
8.57	T-0

5.	O
Wales	B-LOC
8.54	T-0

6.	O
Estonia	B-LOC
8.52	T-0

8.	T-0
Belarus	B-LOC
8.39	T-1

15.	T-0
Moldova	B-LOC
8.24	T-0

18.	T-0
Luxembourg	B-LOC
8.20	T-1

19.	T-0
France	B-LOC
8.18	O

20.	O
Israel	B-LOC
8.17	T-0

25.	O
Georgia	B-LOC
8.10	T-0

26.	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
8.09	T-0

26.	O
Spain	B-LOC
8.09	T-0

26.	O
Finland	B-LOC
8.09	T-0

30.	O
Lithuania	B-LOC
8.06	T-0

32.	O
Russia	B-LOC
8.03	T-0

36.	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
7.95	T-0

42.	O
Slovenia	B-LOC
7.77	T-0

43.	O
Croatia	B-LOC
7.75	T-0

45.	O
Malta	B-LOC
7.40	T-0

CRICKET	T-1
-	O
POLICE	O
COMMANDOS	O
ON	O
HAND	T-2
FOR	O
AUSTRALIANS	B-MISC
'	O
FIRST	T-0
MATCH	T-0
.	O

Armed	O
police	O
commandos	T-2
patrolled	O
the	O
ground	T-0
when	O
Australia	B-LOC
opened	T-1
their	O
short	O
tour	O
of	O
Sri	T-3
Lanka	T-3
with	O
a	O
five-run	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
youth	O
team	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Armed	T-0
police	T-0
commandos	T-0
patrolled	T-2
the	O
ground	O
when	O
Australia	O
opened	O
their	O
short	O
tour	T-1
of	T-1
Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
with	O
a	O
five-run	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
youth	O
team	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
,	O
in	T-2
Sri	O
Lanka	O
for	O
a	O
limited	O
overs	O
tournament	T-0
which	O
also	O
includes	T-1
India	O
and	O
Zimbabwe	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
promised	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
commandos	O
,	O
sniffer	O
dogs	O
and	O
plainclothes	O
policemen	O
to	O
ensure	O
the	O
tournament	O
is	O
trouble-free	O
.	O

Australia	O
,	O
in	T-0
Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
for	O
a	O
limited	O
overs	O
tournament	O
which	O
also	O
includes	O
India	O
and	O
Zimbabwe	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
promised	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
commandos	O
,	O
sniffer	O
dogs	O
and	O
plainclothes	O
policemen	O
to	O
ensure	O
the	O
tournament	O
is	O
trouble-free	O
.	O

Australia	O
,	O
in	O
Sri	O
Lanka	O
for	O
a	O
limited	T-0
overs	O
tournament	O
which	O
also	O
includes	O
India	B-LOC
and	O
Zimbabwe	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
promised	O
the	O
presence	T-2
of	O
commandos	O
,	O
sniffer	O
dogs	O
and	O
plainclothes	O
policemen	T-1
to	O
ensure	O
the	O
tournament	O
is	O
trouble-free	O
.	O

Australia	T-1
,	O
in	O
Sri	T-2
Lanka	T-2
for	O
a	O
limited	T-0
overs	O
tournament	O
which	O
also	O
includes	O
India	O
and	O
Zimbabwe	B-LOC
,	O
have	O
been	O
promised	T-4
the	O
presence	O
of	O
commandos	T-3
,	O
sniffer	O
dogs	O
and	O
plainclothes	O
policemen	O
to	O
ensure	O
the	O
tournament	O
is	O
trouble-free	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
making	O
their	O
first	O
visit	O
to	O
the	O
island	O
since	O
boycotting	O
a	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
fixture	T-0
in	O
February	O
because	O
of	O
fears	O
over	O
ethnic	O
violence	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
,	O
batting	T-1
first	O
in	O
Thursday	O
's	O
the	O
warm-up	T-0
match	T-0
,	O
scored	O
251	O
for	O
seven	O
from	O
their	O
50	O
overs	O
.	O

Ricky	B-PER
Ponting	I-PER
led	O
the	O
way	O
with	O
100	O
off	O
119	O
balls	T-0
with	O
two	O
sixes	O
and	O
nine	O
fours	O
before	O
retiring	O
.	O

Australian	B-MISC
coach	T-3
Geoff	T-3
Marsh	O
said	T-1
he	O
was	O
impressed	T-0
with	O
the	O
competitiveness	T-2
of	O
the	O
opposition	O
.	O

Australian	O
coach	O
Geoff	B-PER
Marsh	I-PER
said	T-0
he	O
was	O
impressed	T-1
with	O
the	O
competitiveness	O
of	O
the	O
opposition	O
.	O

ONE	O
ROMANIAN	B-MISC
DIES	O
IN	O
BUS	O
CRASH	T-0
IN	O
BULGARIA	O
.	O

ONE	O
ROMANIAN	O
DIES	T-1
IN	O
BUS	O
CRASH	T-0
IN	O
BULGARIA	B-LOC
.	O

One	T-0
Romanian	B-MISC
passenger	O
was	O
killed	T-2
,	O
and	O
14	O
others	O
were	O
injured	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
when	O
a	O
Romanian-registered	O
bus	O
collided	O
with	O
a	O
Bulgarian	O
one	O
in	O
northern	O
Bulgaria	O
,	O
police	O
said	T-3
.	O

One	O
Romanian	T-0
passenger	T-0
was	O
killed	O
,	O
and	O
14	O
others	O
were	O
injured	O
on	O
Thursday	O
when	O
a	O
Romanian-registered	B-MISC
bus	T-1
collided	O
with	O
a	O
Bulgarian	O
one	O
in	O
northern	O
Bulgaria	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

One	O
Romanian	O
passenger	O
was	O
killed	T-2
,	O
and	O
14	O
others	O
were	O
injured	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
when	O
a	O
Romanian-registered	O
bus	T-0
collided	O
with	O
a	O
Bulgarian	B-MISC
one	O
in	O
northern	O
Bulgaria	O
,	O
police	T-1
said	O
.	O

One	O
Romanian	O
passenger	O
was	T-2
killed	T-2
,	O
and	O
14	O
others	O
were	O
injured	O
on	O
Thursday	O
when	O
a	O
Romanian-registered	T-0
bus	T-0
collided	O
with	O
a	O
Bulgarian	T-1
one	O
in	O
northern	O
Bulgaria	B-LOC
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

The	T-1
two	T-1
buses	T-1
collided	O
head	O
on	O
at	O
5	O
o'clock	O
this	O
morning	O
on	O
the	O
road	O
between	O
the	O
towns	T-0
of	O
Rousse	T-3
and	O
Veliko	B-LOC
Tarnovo	I-LOC
,	O
police	T-2
said	T-2
.	T-2

A	T-1
Romanian	B-MISC
woman	T-2
Maria	T-3
Marco	T-3
,	O
35	O
,	O
was	O
killed	T-0
.	O

A	O
Romanian	O
woman	T-0
Maria	B-PER
Marco	I-PER
,	O
35	O
,	O
was	O
killed	O
.	O

OFFICIAL	B-ORG
JOURNAL	I-ORG
CONTENTS	T-0
-	O
OJ	O
L	O
211	O
OF	O
AUGUST	T-1
21	O
,	O
1996	O
.	O

OFFICIAL	O
JOURNAL	O
CONTENTS	T-0
-	O
OJ	B-ORG
L	O
211	O
OF	O
AUGUST	O
21	O
,	O
1996	O
.	O

(	O
Note	O
-	O
contents	O
are	O
displayed	O
in	O
reverse	O
order	O
to	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
printed	T-0
Journal	B-ORG
)	O

Corrigendum	T-0
to	O
Commission	B-MISC
Regulation	I-MISC
(	O
EC	O
)	O
No	O
1464/96	O
of	O
25	O
July	O
1996	O
relating	O
to	O
a	O
standing	O
invitation	O
to	O
tender	O
to	O
determine	O
levies	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
refunds	O
on	O
exports	O
of	O
white	O
sugar	O
(	O
OJ	O
No	O
L	O
187	O
of	O
26.7.1996	O
)	O

Corrigendum	O
to	O
Commission	O
Regulation	O
(	O
EC	B-ORG
)	O
No	O
1464/96	O
of	O
25	O
July	O
1996	O
relating	O
to	O
a	O
standing	O
invitation	T-1
to	O
tender	O
to	O
determine	T-2
levies	O
and	O
/	O
or	O
refunds	O
on	O
exports	O
of	O
white	O
sugar	O
(	O
OJ	T-0
No	T-0
L	T-0
187	T-0
of	T-0
26.7.1996	T-0
)	O

Corrigendum	T-0
to	O
Commission	B-MISC
Regulation	I-MISC
(	O
EC	O
)	O
No	T-2
658/96	T-2
of	T-2
9	T-2
April	T-2
1996	T-2
on	O
certain	O
conditions	O
for	O
granting	T-1
compensatory	T-1
payments	O
under	O
the	O
support	O
system	O
for	O
producers	O
of	O
certain	O
arable	O
crops	O
(	O
OJ	O
No	O
L	O
91	O
of	O
12.4.1996	O
)	O

Corrigendum	O
to	O
Commission	O
Regulation	O
(	O
EC	B-ORG
)	O
No	O
658/96	O
of	O
9	O
April	O
1996	O
on	O
certain	O
conditions	O
for	O
granting	T-0
compensatory	O
payments	T-2
under	O
the	O
support	O
system	O
for	O
producers	O
of	O
certain	O
arable	O
crops	T-1
(	O
OJ	O
No	O
L	O
91	O
of	O
12.4.1996	O
)	O

Corrigendum	T-1
to	O
Commission	O
Regulation	O
(	O
EC	O
)	O
No	O
658/96	O
of	O
9	O
April	O
1996	O
on	O
certain	O
conditions	O
for	O
granting	T-0
compensatory	T-0
payments	T-0
under	O
the	O
support	O
system	O
for	O
producers	O
of	O
certain	O
arable	O
crops	O
(	O
OJ	B-ORG
No	O
L	O
91	O
of	O
12.4.1996	O
)	O

Commission	B-MISC
Regulation	I-MISC
(	O
EC	T-3
)	O
No	O
1663/96	O
of	O
20	O
August	O
1996	O
establishing	T-4
the	O
standard	T-1
import	O
values	O
for	O
determining	T-0
the	O
entry	O
price	O
of	O
certain	O
fruit	O
and	O
vegetables	O
END	O
OF	O
DOCUMENT	O
.	T-2

Commission	O
Regulation	T-2
(	O
EC	B-ORG
)	O
No	T-1
1663/96	T-1
of	T-1
20	T-1
August	T-1
1996	T-1
establishing	O
the	O
standard	O
import	O
values	O
for	O
determining	O
the	O
entry	O
price	O
of	O
certain	O
fruit	O
and	O
vegetables	O
END	T-0
OF	T-0
DOCUMENT	T-0
.	O

In	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
to	O
appeal	O
payment	T-0
denial	O
.	O

MINNETONKA	B-LOC
,	O
Minn	T-0
.	O

In	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
said	T-0
on	O
Thursday	T-1
it	T-2
will	T-3
appeal	T-3
to	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Federal	O
District	O
Court	O
in	O
Minneapolis	O
a	O
decision	O
by	O
the	O
Health	O
Care	O
Financing	O
Administration	O
(	O
HCFA	O
)	O
that	O
denied	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
costs	O
under	O
Medicaid	O
.	O

In	O
Home	T-1
Health	T-1
Inc	T-1
said	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
will	O
appeal	O
to	T-0
the	T-0
U.S.	B-ORG
Federal	I-ORG
District	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
in	O
Minneapolis	O
a	O
decision	O
by	O
the	O
Health	O
Care	O
Financing	O
Administration	O
(	O
HCFA	O
)	O
that	O
denied	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
costs	O
under	O
Medicaid	O
.	O

In	O
Home	O
Health	O
Inc	O
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
will	O
appeal	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	T-4
Federal	T-4
District	T-4
Court	T-4
in	T-0
Minneapolis	B-LOC
a	O
decision	T-2
by	O
the	O
Health	T-5
Care	T-5
Financing	T-5
Administration	T-5
(	T-5
HCFA	T-5
)	T-5
that	O
denied	T-3
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
costs	O
under	O
Medicaid	T-6
.	O

In	O
Home	T-0
Health	T-0
Inc	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
will	O
appeal	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Federal	O
District	O
Court	O
in	O
Minneapolis	O
a	O
decision	T-3
by	T-1
the	T-1
Health	B-ORG
Care	I-ORG
Financing	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
(	O
HCFA	T-2
)	O
that	O
denied	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
costs	O
under	O
Medicaid	O
.	O

In	O
Home	O
Health	O
Inc	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
will	O
appeal	O
to	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Federal	O
District	O
Court	O
in	O
Minneapolis	O
a	O
decision	T-1
by	T-1
the	O
Health	T-0
Care	T-0
Financing	T-0
Administration	T-0
(	O
HCFA	B-ORG
)	O
that	O
denied	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
costs	O
under	O
Medicaid	O
.	O

In	O
Home	O
Health	O
Inc	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
will	O
appeal	T-1
to	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Federal	O
District	O
Court	O
in	O
Minneapolis	O
a	O
decision	O
by	O
the	O
Health	O
Care	O
Financing	O
Administration	O
(	O
HCFA	O
)	O
that	O
denied	T-2
reimbursement	T-0
of	O
certain	O
costs	O
under	O
Medicaid	B-MISC
.	O

The	O
HCFA	B-ORG
Administrator	T-0
reversed	T-1
a	O
previously	O
favorable	O
decision	T-2
regarding	O
the	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
costs	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
company	T-3
's	O
community	O
liaison	O
personnel	O
,	O
it	O
added	O
.	O

The	O
company	O
said	O
it	O
continues	O
to	O
believe	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
the	O
community	T-0
liaison	T-0
costs	T-0
are	O
coverable	T-1
under	O
the	O
terms	O
of	O
the	O
Medicare	B-MISC
program	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
disappointed	O
with	O
the	O
administrator	O
's	O
decision	O
but	O
we	O
continue	O
to	O
be	O
optimistic	O
regarding	O
an	O
ultimate	O
favorable	O
resolution	O
,	O
"	O
Mark	B-PER
Gildea	I-PER
,	O
chief	T-0
executive	T-1
officer	T-2
,	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

In	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
said	T-2
it	O
previously	O
recorded	T-1
a	O
reserve	O
equal	O
to	O
16	O
percent	O
of	O
all	O
revenue	T-0
related	O
to	O
the	O
community	O
liaison	O
costs	O
.	O

Separately	O
,	O
In	B-ORG
Home	I-ORG
Health	I-ORG
said	T-0
the	O
U.S.	O
District	T-2
Court	T-2
in	O
Minneapolis	T-3
ruled	O
in	O
its	T-1
favor	O
regarding	O
the	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
interest	O
expenses	O
.	O

Separately	O
,	O
In	O
Home	O
Health	O
said	T-0
the	O
U.S.	B-ORG
District	I-ORG
Court	I-ORG
in	O
Minneapolis	T-2
ruled	T-3
in	O
its	O
favor	O
regarding	O
the	O
reimbursement	T-1
of	O
certain	O
interest	O
expenses	O
.	O

Separately	O
,	O
In	O
Home	O
Health	O
said	O
the	O
U.S.	T-0
District	T-0
Court	T-0
in	O
Minneapolis	B-LOC
ruled	O
in	O
its	O
favor	O
regarding	O
the	O
reimbursement	O
of	O
certain	O
interest	O
expenses	O
.	O

This	O
decision	O
will	O
result	O
in	O
the	O
reimbursement	T-1
by	T-0
Medicare	B-MISC
of	O
$	O
81,000	O
in	O
disputed	T-2
costs	T-2
.	O

"	O
This	O
is	O
our	O
first	O
decision	O
in	O
federal	O
distrct	O
court	T-0
regarding	O
a	O
dispute	T-2
with	O
Medicare	B-MISC
,	O
"	O
Gildea	T-3
said	T-1
.	O
"	O

"	O
This	O
is	O
our	O
first	T-0
decision	T-0
in	O
federal	O
distrct	O
court	O
regarding	O
a	O
dispute	O
with	O
Medicare	O
,	O
"	O
Gildea	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

We	O
are	O
extremely	O
pleased	O
with	O
this	O
decision	T-0
and	O
we	O
recognize	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
significant	O
step	O
toward	O
resolution	O
of	O
our	O
outstanding	T-1
Medicare	B-MISC
disputes	O
.	O
"	O

--	O
Chicago	B-ORG
Newsdesk	I-ORG
312-408-8787	T-0

Oppenheimer	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
LP	I-ORG
said	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
will	O
review	O
its	O
cash	O
distribution	O
rate	O
for	O
the	O
October	O
quarterly	O
distribution	O
,	O
assuming	O
continued	O
favorable	O
results	O
.	O

Best	B-ORG
sees	T-0
Q2	O
loss	T-1
similar	O
to	O
Q1	O
loss	O
.	O

RICHMOND	B-LOC
,	O
Va	T-0
.	O

Best	B-ORG
Products	I-ORG
Co	I-ORG
Chairman	T-3
and	O
Chief	T-0
Executive	O
Daniel	O
Levy	O
said	T-1
Thursday	O
he	O
expected	O
the	O
company	T-2
's	T-2
second-quarter	T-2
results	O
to	O
be	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
$	O
34.6	O
million	O
loss	O
posted	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
.	O

Best	O
Products	O
Co	T-1
Chairman	T-1
and	T-1
Chief	T-1
Executive	T-1
Daniel	B-PER
Levy	I-PER
said	T-3
Thursday	O
he	O
expected	O
the	O
company	T-2
's	O
second-quarter	O
results	O
to	O
be	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
$	O
34.6	O
million	O
loss	T-4
posted	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
.	O

He	O
also	O
told	T-1
Reuters	B-ORG
before	O
the	T-2
retailer	T-2
's	O
annual	T-0
meeting	T-0
that	O
the	O
second	O
quarter	O
could	O
be	O
better	O
than	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
ended	O
May	O
4	O
.	O
"	O

Levy	B-PER
said	O
seeking	O
bankruptcy	O
protection	T-0
was	O
not	O
under	O
consideration	T-1
.	O

Best	B-ORG
emerged	O
from	O
Chapter	O
11	O
bankruptcy	T-1
protection	T-0
in	O
June	O
1994	O
after	O
3-1/2	O
years	O
.	O

Best	O
emerged	T-1
from	O
Chapter	B-MISC
11	I-MISC
bankruptcy	O
protection	T-0
in	O
June	O
1994	O
after	O
3-1/2	O
years	O
.	O

"	O
Bankruptcy	O
is	O
always	O
possible	T-1
,	O
particularly	O
when	O
you	T-0
lose	O
what	O
we	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
lose	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
half	O
of	O
this	O
year	O
,	O
"	O
Levy	B-PER
said	T-2
.	O
"	O

The	T-0
Richmond-based	B-MISC
retailer	T-3
lost	T-1
$	T-2
95.7	T-2
million	O
in	O
the	O
fiscal	O
year	O
ended	O
February	O
3	O
.	O

Levy	B-PER
said	T-0
that	O
Best	T-1
planned	O
to	O
open	O
two	O
new	O
stores	O
this	O
fall	O
.	O

Levy	O
said	O
that	O
Best	B-ORG
planned	T-0
to	T-0
open	T-0
two	T-0
new	T-0
stores	T-0
this	O
fall	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
Best	B-ORG
said	T-1
it	O
did	O
not	O
plan	T-0
to	O
open	O
any	O
new	O
stores	O
this	O
fall	O
.	O

For	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
second	T-0
quarter	T-0
,	O
which	O
ended	O
July	O
29	O
,	O
1995	O
,	O
Best	B-ORG
posted	T-2
a	O
loss	T-1
of	O
$	O
7.1	O
million	O
,	O
or	O
$	O
0.23	O
per	O
share	O
,	O
on	O
sales	O
of	O
$	O
311.9	O
million	O
.	O

Women	T-2
who	O
get	O
measles	O
while	O
pregnant	T-0
may	O
have	O
babies	T-1
at	O
higher	O
risk	O
of	O
Crohn	B-PER
's	O
disease	T-3
,	O
a	O
debilitating	O
bowel	O
disorder	O
,	O
researchers	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Three	T-0
out	T-0
of	T-0
four	T-0
Swedish	B-MISC
babies	T-1
born	O
to	O
mothers	O
who	O
caught	T-2
measles	O
developed	O
serious	O
cases	O
of	O
Crohn	O
's	O
disease	O
,	O
the	O
researchers	O
said	O
.	O

Three	O
out	O
of	O
four	O
Swedish	T-0
babies	T-0
born	T-3
to	O
mothers	T-1
who	O
caught	T-4
measles	T-2
developed	O
serious	O
cases	T-5
of	O
Crohn	B-PER
's	O
disease	O
,	O
the	O
researchers	O
said	T-6
.	O

Dr	T-4
Andrew	B-PER
Wakefield	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Royal	O
Free	T-0
Hospital	T-0
School	T-0
of	O
Medicine	O
and	T-5
colleagues	T-5
screened	T-3
25,000	O
babies	T-1
delivered	O
at	O
University	T-2
Hospital	T-2
,	O
Uppsala	O
,	O
between	O
1940	O
and	O
1949	O
.	O

Dr	T-1
Andrew	T-1
Wakefield	T-1
of	O
the	O
Royal	B-LOC
Free	I-LOC
Hospital	I-LOC
School	I-LOC
of	I-LOC
Medicine	I-LOC
and	O
colleagues	O
screened	T-0
25,000	O
babies	O
delivered	O
at	O
University	O
Hospital	O
,	O
Uppsala	O
,	O
between	O
1940	O
and	O
1949	O
.	O

Dr	O
Andrew	O
Wakefield	O
of	O
the	O
Royal	O
Free	O
Hospital	O
School	O
of	O
Medicine	O
and	O
colleagues	O
screened	T-0
25,000	O
babies	O
delivered	O
at	T-1
University	B-LOC
Hospital	I-LOC
,	O
Uppsala	O
,	O
between	O
1940	O
and	O
1949	O
.	O

Dr	T-0
Andrew	T-0
Wakefield	T-0
of	O
the	O
Royal	T-1
Free	T-1
Hospital	T-1
School	T-1
of	T-1
Medicine	T-1
and	O
colleagues	O
screened	O
25,000	O
babies	T-3
delivered	O
at	O
University	T-2
Hospital	T-2
,	O
Uppsala	B-LOC
,	O
between	O
1940	O
and	O
1949	O
.	O

"	O
Three	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
children	T-0
had	T-1
Crohn	B-PER
's	O
disease	T-2
,	O
"	O
Wakefield	O
's	O
group	O
wrote	O
in	O
the	O
Lancet	O
medical	O
journal	O
.	O

"	O
Three	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
children	O
had	O
Crohn	O
's	O
disease	T-1
,	O
"	O
Wakefield	B-PER
's	O
group	O
wrote	O
in	O
the	O
Lancet	T-0
medical	T-0
journal	T-0
.	O

"	O
Three	O
of	O
the	O
four	O
children	O
had	O
Crohn	O
's	O
disease	O
,	O
"	O
Wakefield	T-1
's	T-1
group	O
wrote	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
Lancet	B-ORG
medical	T-2
journal	T-2
.	O

Crohn	B-PER
's	O
is	O
an	O
inflammation	T-0
of	O
the	O
bowel	O
that	O
can	O
sometimes	O
require	O
surgery	O
.	O

Most	O
notably	O
,	O
women	O
who	O
get	T-0
rubella	T-2
(	O
German	B-MISC
measles	T-1
)	O
have	O
a	O
high	O
risk	O
of	O
a	O
stillborn	O
baby	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
key	O
numbers	T-0
-	O
CBI	B-ORG
August	O
industrial	O
trends	T-1
.	O

Following	O
are	O
key	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
August	O
monthly	O
survey	O
of	O
trends	O
in	O
UK	B-LOC
manufacturing	T-1
by	O
the	O
Confederation	T-0
of	T-0
British	T-2
Industry	T-2
(	O
CBI	O
)	O
.	O

Following	O
are	O
key	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
August	O
monthly	T-1
survey	T-1
of	T-1
trends	T-1
in	T-1
UK	T-2
manufacturing	O
by	T-0
the	T-0
Confederation	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
British	I-ORG
Industry	I-ORG
(	O
CBI	O
)	O
.	O

Following	O
are	O
key	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
August	T-3
monthly	O
survey	T-1
of	O
trends	T-0
in	O
UK	T-4
manufacturing	T-4
by	O
the	O
Confederation	T-2
of	T-2
British	T-2
Industry	T-2
(	O
CBI	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

CBI	B-ORG
MONTHLY	O
TRENDS	T-3
ENQUIRY	O
(	O
a	O
)	O
AUG	T-0
JULY	T-1
JUNE	T-1
MAY	T-2

The	O
survey	T-0
was	O
conducted	O
between	O
July	O
23	O
and	O
August	O
14	O
and	O
involved	O
1,305	T-3
companies	T-3
,	O
representing	O
50	O
industries	O
,	O
accounting	O
for	O
around	T-1
half	O
of	O
the	O
UK	B-LOC
's	O
manufactured	T-2
exports	O
and	O
some	O
two	T-4
million	T-4
employees	T-4
.	O

--	O
Rosemary	B-PER
Bennett	I-PER
,	O
London	O
Newsroom	T-0
+44	O
171	O
542	O
7715	T-0

--	O
Rosemary	T-0
Bennett	T-0
,	O
London	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+44	O
171	O
542	O
7715	O

Iron	B-MISC
Gippsland	I-MISC
-	O
(	O
built	T-0
1989	O
)	O
87,241	O
dwt	T-2
sold	O
to	O
Greek	O
buyers	T-1
for	O
$	O
30	O
million	O
.	O

Iron	O
Gippsland	O
-	O
(	O
built	O
1989	O
)	O
87,241	O
dwt	O
sold	T-0
to	T-0
Greek	B-MISC
buyers	T-1
for	O
$	O
30	O
million	O
.	O

Sairyu	B-MISC
Maru	I-MISC
No	I-MISC
:	I-MISC
2	I-MISC
-	O
(	O
built	T-0
1982	O
)	O
60,960	O
dwt	O
sold	O
to	O
Greek	T-1
buyers	T-1
for	O
$	O
15.5	O
million	O
.	O

Sairyu	T-1
Maru	T-1
No	O
:	O
2	O
-	O
(	O
built	O
1982	O
)	O
60,960	O
dwt	O
sold	O
to	O
Greek	B-MISC
buyers	T-0
for	O
$	O
15.5	O
million	O
.	O

Stainless	B-MISC
Fighter	I-MISC
-	O
(	O
built	T-1
1970	T-0
)	O
21,718	O
dwt	T-2
sold	O
at	O
auction	O
for	O
$	O
6	O
million	O
.	O

Garlic	T-0
pills	O
may	O
not	O
lower	O
blood	O
cholesterol	O
and	O
studies	O
that	O
show	O
they	O
do	O
may	O
be	O
flawed	T-1
,	O
British	B-MISC
researchers	T-2
have	O
reported	O
.	O

A	O
study	O
by	O
a	O
team	T-3
of	O
doctors	O
at	O
Oxford	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
has	O
found	T-0
people	O
with	O
high	O
blood	T-1
cholesterol	T-1
do	O
not	O
benefit	O
significantly	O
from	O
taking	O
garlic	T-2
tablets	T-2
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
significant	O
differences	O
between	T-2
the	O
groups	O
receiving	T-3
garlic	O
and	O
placebo	T-0
,	O
"	O
they	T-1
wrote	T-1
in	O
the	O
Journal	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Royal	I-ORG
College	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Physicians	I-ORG
.	O

But	O
the	O
Oxford	B-LOC
team	T-0
disputed	O
these	O
findings	O
and	O
said	O
either	O
previous	O
trials	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
interpreted	O
incorrectly	O
,	O
those	O
taking	O
part	O
were	O
not	O
given	O
special	O
diets	O
beforehand	O
or	O
the	O
duration	O
of	O
the	O
studies	O
may	O
have	O
been	O
too	O
short	O
.	O

The	O
six-month	O
trial	T-0
was	O
funded	T-1
by	O
the	T-3
British	B-ORG
Heart	I-ORG
Foundation	I-ORG
and	O
Lichtwer	T-2
Pharma	T-2
GmbH	T-2
,	O
which	O
makes	O
Kwai	O
brand	O
garlic	O
tablets	O
.	O

The	O
six-month	O
trial	O
was	O
funded	O
by	O
the	O
British	T-2
Heart	T-2
Foundation	T-0
and	O
Lichtwer	B-ORG
Pharma	I-ORG
GmbH	I-ORG
,	O
which	O
makes	O
Kwai	T-3
brand	O
garlic	T-1
tablets	T-1
.	O

The	O
six-month	T-0
trial	T-0
was	O
funded	O
by	O
the	O
British	O
Heart	O
Foundation	O
and	O
Lichtwer	O
Pharma	O
GmbH	O
,	O
which	O
makes	O
Kwai	B-MISC
brand	O
garlic	O
tablets	O
.	O

Britain	B-LOC
gives	T-1
aid	O
to	O
volcano-hit	O
Caribbean	T-0
island	T-0
.	O

Britain	T-1
gives	T-0
aid	T-0
to	O
volcano-hit	T-2
Caribbean	B-LOC
island	T-3
.	O

Britain	B-LOC
said	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
would	O
give	T-1
25	O
million	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
39	O
million	O
)	O
of	O
development	T-2
aid	T-3
to	O
the	O
Caribbean	O
island	O
of	O
Montserrat	O
,	O
where	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
population	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
south	O
has	O
fled	O
to	O
avoid	O
a	O
volcano	O
.	O

Britain	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
would	O
give	T-3
25	T-3
million	T-3
pounds	T-3
(	O
$	O
39	O
million	O
)	O
of	O
development	O
aid	T-0
to	T-0
the	T-0
Caribbean	B-LOC
island	T-1
of	T-1
Montserrat	T-1
,	O
where	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
population	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
south	O
has	O
fled	O
to	O
avoid	O
a	O
volcano	O
.	O

Britain	T-0
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
would	O
give	O
25	O
million	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
39	O
million	O
)	O
of	O
development	T-2
aid	O
to	O
the	O
Caribbean	T-1
island	T-1
of	O
Montserrat	B-LOC
,	O
where	O
much	O
of	O
the	O
population	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
south	O
has	O
fled	O
to	O
avoid	O
a	O
volcano	O
.	O

The	O
volcano	O
in	O
the	O
Soufriere	T-0
hills	T-0
has	O
erupted	T-2
three	O
times	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
13	O
months	O
and	O
last	O
April	O
some	O
4,500	O
people	T-1
living	T-1
in	T-1
the	O
capital	O
,	O
Plymouth	B-ORG
,	O
and	O
southern	O
areas	O
were	O
evacuated	T-3
to	O
the	O
north	O
,	O
where	O
many	O
are	O
living	O
in	O
public	O
shelters	O
and	O
schools	O
.	O

"	O
This	O
assistance	O
will	O
provide	O
a	O
fast	O
track	O
development	O
programme	O
for	O
the	O
designated	O
(	O
northern	O
)	O
safe	O
area	T-0
,	O
"	O
Britain	B-LOC
's	O
Overseas	O
Development	O
Administration	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

"	O
This	O
assistance	O
will	O
provide	T-0
a	O
fast	O
track	O
development	O
programme	O
for	O
the	O
designated	T-1
(	O
northern	O
)	O
safe	O
area	O
,	O
"	O
Britain	O
's	O
Overseas	B-ORG
Development	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
said	T-2
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

Britain	B-LOC
gave	T-1
8.5	O
million	O
pounds	O
(	O
$	O
13	O
million	O
)	O
to	O
Montserrat	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
its	O
dependent	O
territories	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
volcano	O
first	O
became	O
active	T-0
.	O

Britain	T-4
gave	T-1
8.5	T-5
million	T-5
pounds	T-5
(	O
$	O
13	O
million	O
)	O
to	O
Montserrat	B-LOC
,	O
which	T-0
is	T-0
one	O
of	O
its	O
dependent	T-2
territories	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
volcano	O
first	O
became	O
active	T-3
.	O

Overseas	O
Development	O
Minister	O
Lynda	B-PER
Chalker	I-PER
said	O
a	O
recent	T-0
census	O
had	O
shown	O
most	O
Montserratians	O
wanted	O
to	O
remain	O
on	O
the	O
island	O
.	O
"	O

Overseas	T-0
Development	T-0
Minister	T-0
Lynda	O
Chalker	O
said	O
a	O
recent	O
census	O
had	O
shown	O
most	T-1
Montserratians	B-MISC
wanted	T-2
to	T-2
remain	T-2
on	T-2
the	T-2
island	T-2
.	O
"	O

Tennis	T-1
-	O
Philippoussis	B-PER
looms	T-0
for	O
Sampras	T-2
in	O
U.S.	O
Open	O
.	O

Tennis	O
-	O
Philippoussis	O
looms	O
for	T-1
Sampras	B-PER
in	O
U.S.	T-0
Open	T-0
.	O

Tennis	T-0
-	O
Philippoussis	O
looms	O
for	O
Sampras	T-1
in	O
U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
.	O

World	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	B-PER
Sampras	I-PER
,	O
seeking	T-1
his	O
first	O
Grand	T-0
Slam	T-0
title	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
women	O
's	O
top	O
seed	O
Steffi	O
Graf	O
,	O
aiming	O
for	O
her	O
third	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
able	T-2
to	O
ease	O
into	O
the	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
major	O
,	O
which	O
begins	O
on	O
Monday	O
.	O

World	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	O
Sampras	O
,	O
seeking	T-2
his	O
first	O
Grand	B-MISC
Slam	I-MISC
title	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
year	T-0
,	O
and	O
women	O
's	O
top	O
seed	O
Steffi	O
Graf	O
,	O
aiming	O
for	O
her	O
third	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
ease	O
into	O
the	O
year	O
's	O
final	T-1
major	T-1
,	O
which	O
begins	O
on	O
Monday	O
.	O

World	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	T-1
Sampras	T-1
,	O
seeking	T-2
his	T-2
first	O
Grand	O
Slam	O
title	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
women	T-0
's	O
top	O
seed	O
Steffi	B-PER
Graf	I-PER
,	O
aiming	O
for	O
her	O
third	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
ease	O
into	O
the	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
major	O
,	O
which	O
begins	O
on	O
Monday	O
.	O

Sampras	B-PER
opens	T-0
the	T-0
defence	T-0
of	T-0
his	T-0
U.S.	T-0
Open	T-0
crown	T-0
against	O
David	O
Rikl	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
,	O
while	O
top-ranked	O
Graf	O
begins	O
her	T-1
title	T-1
defence	O
against	O
Yayuk	O
Basuki	O
of	O
Indonesia	O
.	O

Sampras	T-1
opens	O
the	O
defence	O
of	O
his	O
U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
crown	T-2
against	O
David	O
Rikl	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	T-0
,	O
while	O
top-ranked	O
Graf	O
begins	O
her	O
title	O
defence	O
against	O
Yayuk	O
Basuki	O
of	O
Indonesia	O
.	O

Sampras	O
opens	O
the	O
defence	O
of	O
his	O
U.S.	O
Open	O
crown	O
against	T-0
David	B-PER
Rikl	I-PER
of	T-1
the	T-1
Czech	T-1
Republic	T-1
,	O
while	O
top-ranked	O
Graf	O
begins	O
her	T-2
title	T-2
defence	O
against	O
Yayuk	O
Basuki	O
of	O
Indonesia	O
.	O

Sampras	O
opens	O
the	O
defence	O
of	O
his	O
U.S.	O
Open	O
crown	O
against	O
David	T-1
Rikl	T-1
of	O
the	T-0
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
,	O
while	T-2
top-ranked	O
Graf	O
begins	O
her	O
title	O
defence	O
against	O
Yayuk	O
Basuki	O
of	O
Indonesia	O
.	O

Sampras	O
opens	O
the	O
defence	O
of	O
his	O
U.S.	T-1
Open	T-1
crown	T-1
against	O
David	O
Rikl	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	T-3
,	O
while	O
top-ranked	T-2
Graf	B-PER
begins	T-0
her	O
title	O
defence	O
against	O
Yayuk	O
Basuki	O
of	O
Indonesia	O
.	O

Sampras	O
opens	T-1
the	O
defence	O
of	O
his	O
U.S.	T-0
Open	T-0
crown	O
against	O
David	O
Rikl	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	T-2
Republic	T-2
,	O
while	O
top-ranked	O
Graf	T-3
begins	O
her	O
title	O
defence	O
against	O
Yayuk	B-PER
Basuki	I-PER
of	O
Indonesia	O
.	O

Sampras	O
opens	T-0
the	O
defence	O
of	O
his	O
U.S.	O
Open	O
crown	O
against	O
David	O
Rikl	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
,	O
while	O
top-ranked	O
Graf	O
begins	O
her	O
title	O
defence	O
against	O
Yayuk	T-1
Basuki	T-1
of	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
.	O

Wednesday	T-0
's	T-0
U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
draw	O
ceremony	O
revealed	T-1
that	O
both	O
title	O
holders	T-2
should	O
run	O
into	O
their	O
first	O
serious	O
opposition	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
.	O

Looming	T-1
in	O
Sampras	B-PER
's	O
future	T-2
is	O
a	O
likely	O
third-round	O
date	O
with	O
recent	O
nemesis	T-0
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
the	O
rising	O
Australian	O
who	O
took	O
out	O
Sampras	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
Open	O
in	O
January	O
.	O

Looming	O
in	O
Sampras	O
's	O
future	T-0
is	O
a	O
likely	O
third-round	O
date	O
with	O
recent	O
nemesis	T-1
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
,	O
the	O
rising	T-2
Australian	T-2
who	O
took	T-3
out	T-3
Sampras	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
Open	O
in	O
January	O
.	O

Looming	O
in	O
Sampras	O
's	O
future	O
is	O
a	O
likely	O
third-round	O
date	O
with	O
recent	O
nemesis	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
the	O
rising	T-0
Australian	B-MISC
who	O
took	T-1
out	T-1
Sampras	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	T-2
Open	T-2
in	O
January	O
.	O

Looming	O
in	O
Sampras	O
's	O
future	O
is	O
a	O
likely	O
third-round	O
date	O
with	O
recent	O
nemesis	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
the	O
rising	O
Australian	T-0
who	O
took	T-1
out	T-1
Sampras	B-PER
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
Open	O
in	O
January	O
.	O

Looming	O
in	O
Sampras	O
's	O
future	O
is	O
a	O
likely	O
third-round	O
date	O
with	O
recent	O
nemesis	O
Mark	T-4
Philippoussis	T-4
,	O
the	O
rising	O
Australian	T-5
who	O
took	O
out	O
Sampras	T-0
in	O
the	O
third	T-2
round	T-2
of	T-2
the	T-2
Australian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
in	T-3
January	T-3
.	O

Sampras	B-PER
avenged	T-0
that	O
defeat	O
with	O
a	O
straight	O
sets	O
win	T-1
over	O
the	O
19-year-old	O
power	O
hitter	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
round	O
at	O
Wimbledon	O
and	O
their	O
rubber	O
match	O
in	O
New	O
York	O
could	O
provide	O
some	O
first-week	O
fireworks	O
.	O

Sampras	O
avenged	O
that	O
defeat	O
with	O
a	O
straight	O
sets	O
win	T-0
over	O
the	O
19-year-old	O
power	O
hitter	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
round	O
at	O
Wimbledon	B-LOC
and	O
their	O
rubber	O
match	O
in	O
New	O
York	O
could	O
provide	O
some	O
first-week	O
fireworks	T-1
.	O

Sampras	T-1
avenged	O
that	O
defeat	O
with	O
a	O
straight	O
sets	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
19-year-old	O
power	O
hitter	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
round	O
at	O
Wimbledon	O
and	O
their	O
rubber	O
match	T-0
in	T-0
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
could	O
provide	T-2
some	O
first-week	O
fireworks	O
.	O

While	O
only	O
a	O
stunning	O
upset	T-1
will	O
keep	O
Graf	O
from	O
sailing	O
through	O
to	O
a	O
predictable	O
semifinal	O
showdown	O
with	O
third	O
seed	T-2
Arantxa	B-PER
Sanchez	I-PER
Vicario	I-PER
,	O
the	O
German	T-0
star	T-0
could	O
also	O
be	O
tested	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
where	O
she	O
will	O
probably	O
face	O
28th-ranked	O
veteran	O
Natasha	O
Zvereva	O
of	O
Belarus	O
.	O

While	O
only	O
a	O
stunning	O
upset	O
will	O
keep	O
Graf	O
from	O
sailing	O
through	O
to	O
a	O
predictable	O
semifinal	O
showdown	O
with	O
third	O
seed	O
Arantxa	O
Sanchez	O
Vicario	O
,	O
the	T-0
German	B-MISC
star	O
could	O
also	O
be	O
tested	T-1
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
where	O
she	O
will	O
probably	O
face	O
28th-ranked	O
veteran	O
Natasha	O
Zvereva	O
of	O
Belarus	O
.	O

While	O
only	O
a	O
stunning	O
upset	O
will	O
keep	O
Graf	O
from	O
sailing	O
through	O
to	O
a	O
predictable	O
semifinal	O
showdown	O
with	O
third	O
seed	O
Arantxa	O
Sanchez	O
Vicario	O
,	O
the	O
German	T-1
star	T-1
could	O
also	O
be	O
tested	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
where	T-0
she	O
will	O
probably	O
face	O
28th-ranked	O
veteran	O
Natasha	T-2
Zvereva	T-2
of	O
Belarus	B-LOC
.	O

There	O
will	O
be	O
no	O
repeat	O
of	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
men	O
's	O
final	O
with	O
eighth-ranked	O
Andre	B-PER
Agassi	I-PER
landing	T-0
in	O
Sampras	O
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

There	O
will	O
be	O
no	T-1
repeat	T-1
of	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
men	T-0
's	T-0
final	T-0
with	O
eighth-ranked	O
Andre	O
Agassi	O
landing	O
in	O
Sampras	B-PER
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

Bumping	T-2
Agassi	B-PER
up	O
to	O
the	O
sixth	O
seeding	O
avoided	O
the	O
possibility	O
that	O
he	T-0
would	O
run	O
into	O
Sampras	T-1
as	O
early	O
as	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
could	O
lock	O
horns	O
in	O
the	O
semis	O
.	O

Bumping	O
Agassi	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
sixth	T-2
seeding	T-2
avoided	O
the	O
possibility	T-0
that	O
he	O
would	O
run	O
into	T-3
Sampras	B-PER
as	O
early	O
as	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
could	O
lock	T-1
horns	O
in	O
the	O
semis	O
.	O

Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Agassi	O
meets	O
Karim	T-0
Alami	T-0
of	O
Morocco	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
.	O

Olympic	O
champion	T-0
Agassi	B-PER
meets	O
Karim	O
Alami	O
of	O
Morocco	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
.	O

Olympic	O
champion	O
Agassi	T-0
meets	T-0
Karim	B-PER
Alami	I-PER
of	T-1
Morocco	T-1
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
.	O

Olympic	O
champion	T-2
Agassi	T-1
meets	O
Karim	O
Alami	O
of	O
Morocco	B-LOC
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	T-0
.	O

Surprise	O
second	O
seed	T-3
Michael	B-PER
Chang	I-PER
,	O
ranked	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
opens	O
against	O
Czech	O
Daniel	T-0
Vacek	T-0
,	O
while	O
women	O
's	O
second	O
seed	O
Monica	T-1
Seles	T-1
drew	O
American	O
Anne	T-2
Miller	T-2
as	O
her	O
first	O
victim	O
.	O

Surprise	O
second	O
seed	O
Michael	O
Chang	O
,	O
ranked	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
opens	O
against	T-0
Czech	B-MISC
Daniel	T-1
Vacek	T-2
,	O
while	O
women	T-3
's	O
second	O
seed	O
Monica	O
Seles	O
drew	O
American	O
Anne	O
Miller	O
as	O
her	O
first	O
victim	O
.	O

Surprise	O
second	O
seed	O
Michael	T-0
Chang	T-0
,	O
ranked	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
opens	O
against	T-2
Czech	O
Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
,	O
while	O
women	O
's	O
second	O
seed	O
Monica	T-1
Seles	T-1
drew	O
American	O
Anne	O
Miller	O
as	O
her	O
first	O
victim	O
.	O

Surprise	O
second	O
seed	O
Michael	O
Chang	O
,	O
ranked	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
opens	O
against	O
Czech	O
Daniel	O
Vacek	O
,	O
while	O
women	T-0
's	O
second	O
seed	O
Monica	B-PER
Seles	I-PER
drew	T-1
American	O
Anne	O
Miller	O
as	O
her	O
first	O
victim	O
.	O

Surprise	O
second	T-1
seed	T-1
Michael	T-0
Chang	T-0
,	O
ranked	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
opens	O
against	O
Czech	O
Daniel	O
Vacek	O
,	O
while	O
women	T-2
's	T-2
second	O
seed	O
Monica	O
Seles	O
drew	O
American	B-MISC
Anne	O
Miller	O
as	O
her	O
first	O
victim	O
.	O

Surprise	O
second	O
seed	T-1
Michael	O
Chang	O
,	O
ranked	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
,	O
opens	O
against	O
Czech	O
Daniel	O
Vacek	O
,	O
while	O
women	T-2
's	O
second	O
seed	O
Monica	O
Seles	O
drew	T-0
American	T-3
Anne	B-PER
Miller	I-PER
as	O
her	O
first	O
victim	T-4
.	O

Second-ranked	O
Austrian	T-1
Thomas	B-PER
Muster	I-PER
,	O
who	T-0
was	O
seeded	O
third	O
,	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
luck	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
him	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
Muster	B-PER
faces	T-0
American	O
Richey	O
Reneberg	O
,	O
who	O
has	O
been	O
playing	T-1
some	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
tennis	T-2
of	O
his	O
career	O
of	O
late	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
Muster	T-0
faces	O
American	B-MISC
Richey	O
Reneberg	O
,	O
who	O
has	O
been	O
playing	T-1
some	O
of	O
the	O
best	T-2
tennis	O
of	O
his	O
career	O
of	O
late	O
.	O

In	T-2
the	T-2
first	T-2
round	T-2
Muster	T-2
faces	T-2
American	T-2
Richey	B-PER
Reneberg	I-PER
,	O
who	T-0
has	O
been	O
playing	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
tennis	O
of	O
his	T-1
career	O
of	O
late	O
.	O

If	O
he	O
survives	T-0
,	O
Muster	B-PER
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
either	O
fifth-seeded	T-1
Wimbledon	O
champion	O
Richard	O
Krajicek	O
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
or	O
12th-seeded	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
in	O
Chang	O
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

If	O
he	O
survives	O
,	O
Muster	O
is	O
seeded	T-0
to	O
run	O
into	O
either	O
fifth-seeded	T-2
Wimbledon	B-MISC
champion	T-1
Richard	O
Krajicek	O
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
or	O
12th-seeded	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
in	O
Chang	O
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

If	O
he	O
survives	O
,	O
Muster	T-0
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
either	O
fifth-seeded	O
Wimbledon	O
champion	T-1
Richard	B-PER
Krajicek	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
or	O
12th-seeded	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
in	O
Chang	O
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

If	O
he	O
survives	O
,	O
Muster	T-1
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
either	O
fifth-seeded	O
Wimbledon	T-2
champion	O
Richard	O
Krajicek	O
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
or	O
12th-seeded	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	T-0
in	O
Chang	O
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

If	O
he	O
survives	T-1
,	O
Muster	O
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
either	O
fifth-seeded	O
Wimbledon	O
champion	O
Richard	O
Krajicek	O
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
or	O
12th-seeded	T-2
American	B-MISC
Todd	O
Martin	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
in	O
Chang	O
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	T-2

If	O
he	O
survives	O
,	O
Muster	T-1
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
either	O
fifth-seeded	O
Wimbledon	O
champion	O
Richard	T-2
Krajicek	T-2
of	O
the	T-3
Netherlands	T-3
or	O
12th-seeded	T-0
American	T-0
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
in	O
Chang	O
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

If	O
he	O
survives	T-3
,	O
Muster	T-0
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
either	O
fifth-seeded	O
Wimbledon	O
champion	T-5
Richard	T-1
Krajicek	T-1
of	O
the	O
Netherlands	T-4
or	O
12th-seeded	O
American	T-6
Todd	T-2
Martin	T-2
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
in	O
Chang	B-PER
's	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
.	O

Perhaps	O
the	O
best	O
,	O
yet	O
most	O
unfortunate	O
,	O
first-round	T-3
matchup	T-3
of	O
the	O
men	T-4
's	T-4
competition	T-4
pits	O
eighth	T-5
seed	T-5
Jim	B-PER
Courier	I-PER
against	T-1
retiring	O
star	O
Stefan	T-2
Edberg	T-2
.	O

Perhaps	O
the	T-1
best	T-1
,	O
yet	O
most	O
unfortunate	O
,	O
first-round	O
matchup	O
of	O
the	O
men	O
's	O
competition	T-2
pits	O
eighth	O
seed	O
Jim	O
Courier	O
against	O
retiring	T-0
star	T-0
Stefan	B-PER
Edberg	I-PER
.	O

The	O
popular	T-1
Swede	B-MISC
is	O
playing	T-2
his	O
final	T-0
major	O
tournament	O
next	O
week	O
and	O
the	O
two-time	T-3
champion	T-3
's	O
Grand	O
Slam	O
farewell	O
could	O
well	O
be	O
a	O
one-match	O
affair	O
.	T-0

The	O
popular	O
Swede	T-1
is	O
playing	O
his	O
final	O
major	O
tournament	O
next	O
week	O
and	O
the	O
two-time	O
champion	O
's	O
Grand	B-MISC
Slam	I-MISC
farewell	T-0
could	O
well	O
be	O
a	O
one-match	O
affair	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
a	O
Philippoussis	B-PER
showdown	T-3
,	O
Sampras	T-0
looks	O
to	O
have	O
landed	T-1
in	O
a	O
comfortable	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
the	O
likes	O
of	O
Frenchman	O
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
and	O
ailing	O
French	O
Open	O
champion	O
Yevgeny	O
Kafelnikov	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
nursing	O
a	O
rib	O
injury	T-2
,	O
in	O
his	O
path	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
exception	T-5
of	O
a	O
Philippoussis	O
showdown	O
,	O
Sampras	B-PER
looks	O
to	O
have	O
landed	T-0
in	O
a	O
comfortable	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
the	O
likes	O
of	O
Frenchman	O
Cedric	T-3
Pioline	T-3
and	O
ailing	T-1
French	O
Open	O
champion	O
Yevgeny	T-4
Kafelnikov	T-4
,	O
who	O
is	O
nursing	T-2
a	O
rib	O
injury	O
,	O
in	O
his	O
path	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
a	O
Philippoussis	O
showdown	O
,	O
Sampras	O
looks	O
to	O
have	O
landed	O
in	O
a	O
comfortable	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
the	O
likes	O
of	O
Frenchman	B-MISC
Cedric	T-0
Pioline	T-0
and	O
ailing	O
French	O
Open	O
champion	T-1
Yevgeny	O
Kafelnikov	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
nursing	O
a	O
rib	O
injury	O
,	O
in	O
his	O
path	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
a	O
Philippoussis	T-2
showdown	O
,	O
Sampras	O
looks	O
to	O
have	O
landed	O
in	O
a	O
comfortable	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
the	O
likes	T-0
of	T-0
Frenchman	T-3
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
and	O
ailing	O
French	O
Open	T-4
champion	T-4
Yevgeny	O
Kafelnikov	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
nursing	O
a	O
rib	O
injury	O
,	O
in	O
his	O
path	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
exception	T-1
of	O
a	O
Philippoussis	O
showdown	O
,	O
Sampras	O
looks	O
to	O
have	O
landed	T-2
in	O
a	O
comfortable	T-4
quarter	T-4
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
the	O
likes	O
of	O
Frenchman	O
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
and	O
ailing	T-0
French	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
champion	T-3
Yevgeny	O
Kafelnikov	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
nursing	T-5
a	O
rib	O
injury	O
,	O
in	O
his	O
path	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
exception	O
of	O
a	O
Philippoussis	O
showdown	O
,	O
Sampras	O
looks	O
to	O
have	O
landed	T-0
in	O
a	O
comfortable	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
with	O
the	O
likes	O
of	O
Frenchman	O
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
and	O
ailing	O
French	O
Open	O
champion	O
Yevgeny	B-PER
Kafelnikov	I-PER
,	O
who	T-1
is	O
nursing	O
a	O
rib	O
injury	O
,	O
in	O
his	O
path	O
.	O

Seles	B-PER
,	O
runner-up	O
to	O
Graf	T-5
last	O
year	O
,	O
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
fifth-ranked	O
German	T-3
Anke	T-3
Huber	T-3
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
fourth	O
seed	O
Conchita	T-4
Martinez	T-4
or	O
eighth-seeded	T-0
Olympic	T-1
champion	O
Lindsay	T-2
Davenport	T-2
looking	O
like	O
her	O
most	O
likely	O
semifinal	O
opponents	O
.	T-0

Seles	T-3
,	O
runner-up	T-1
to	O
Graf	B-PER
last	O
year	O
,	O
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
fifth-ranked	O
German	O
Anke	O
Huber	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	T-2
with	O
fourth	O
seed	O
Conchita	T-0
Martinez	O
or	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Lindsay	O
Davenport	O
looking	O
like	O
her	O
most	O
likely	O
semifinal	O
opponents	O
.	O

Seles	O
,	O
runner-up	T-0
to	O
Graf	T-1
last	O
year	O
,	O
is	T-2
seeded	T-2
to	T-2
run	T-2
into	T-2
fifth-ranked	T-2
German	B-MISC
Anke	O
Huber	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
fourth	O
seed	O
Conchita	O
Martinez	O
or	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Lindsay	O
Davenport	O
looking	O
like	O
her	O
most	O
likely	O
semifinal	O
opponents	O
.	T-0

Seles	T-1
,	O
runner-up	O
to	O
Graf	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
fifth-ranked	T-0
German	T-3
Anke	B-PER
Huber	I-PER
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
fourth	O
seed	O
Conchita	O
Martinez	T-2
or	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Lindsay	O
Davenport	O
looking	O
like	O
her	O
most	O
likely	O
semifinal	O
opponents	O
.	T-2

Seles	O
,	O
runner-up	T-0
to	O
Graf	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	T-2
into	O
fifth-ranked	O
German	O
Anke	O
Huber	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
fourth	T-4
seed	T-4
Conchita	B-PER
Martinez	I-PER
or	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Lindsay	O
Davenport	O
looking	O
like	O
her	T-3
most	T-3
likely	T-3
semifinal	O
opponents	T-1
.	O

Seles	O
,	O
runner-up	O
to	O
Graf	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
is	O
seeded	O
to	O
run	O
into	O
fifth-ranked	O
German	O
Anke	O
Huber	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
fourth	O
seed	O
Conchita	O
Martinez	O
or	O
eighth-seeded	T-0
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Lindsay	T-1
Davenport	T-2
looking	O
like	O
her	O
most	O
likely	O
semifinal	O
opponents	O
.	O

Seles	O
,	O
runner-up	O
to	O
Graf	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
is	O
seeded	T-0
to	O
run	O
into	O
fifth-ranked	O
German	O
Anke	O
Huber	O
in	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
fourth	O
seed	O
Conchita	O
Martinez	O
or	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Lindsay	B-PER
Davenport	I-PER
looking	O
like	O
her	O
most	O
likely	O
semifinal	O
opponents	O
.	O

But	O
Huber	B-PER
will	T-0
be	O
tested	T-1
immediately	O
with	O
a	O
first-round	O
encounter	O
against	T-2
dangerous	O
18th-ranked	O
South	O
African	O
Amanda	O
Coetzer	O
.	O

But	O
Huber	O
will	O
be	O
tested	O
immediately	O
with	O
a	O
first-round	T-0
encounter	T-0
against	O
dangerous	T-1
18th-ranked	O
South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
Amanda	O
Coetzer	O
.	O

But	O
Huber	O
will	O
be	O
tested	O
immediately	O
with	O
a	O
first-round	O
encounter	O
against	O
dangerous	T-0
18th-ranked	O
South	O
African	O
Amanda	B-PER
Coetzer	I-PER
.	O

Sanchez	B-PER
Vicario	I-PER
,	O
runner-up	T-0
to	O
Graf	O
at	O
the	O
French	O
Open	O
and	O
Wimbledon	O
,	O
begins	O
play	O
against	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
that	O
includes	O
young	O
talent	O
Martina	O
Hingis	O
,	O
the	O
16th	O
seed	O
,	O
before	O
a	O
probable	O
quarter-final	O
clash	O
with	O
seventh-seeded	O
veteran	O
Jana	O
Novotna	O
.	O

Sanchez	T-3
Vicario	T-3
,	O
runner-up	T-2
to	T-2
Graf	B-PER
at	O
the	O
French	O
Open	O
and	O
Wimbledon	O
,	O
begins	T-0
play	O
against	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	T-1
that	O
includes	O
young	O
talent	O
Martina	O
Hingis	O
,	O
the	O
16th	O
seed	O
,	O
before	O
a	O
probable	O
quarter-final	O
clash	O
with	O
seventh-seeded	O
veteran	O
Jana	O
Novotna	O
.	O

Sanchez	T-2
Vicario	T-2
,	O
runner-up	T-0
to	T-0
Graf	T-0
at	T-0
the	T-0
French	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
and	O
Wimbledon	T-3
,	O
begins	O
play	O
against	O
a	O
qualifier	T-1
in	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
that	O
includes	O
young	O
talent	O
Martina	O
Hingis	O
,	O
the	O
16th	O
seed	O
,	O
before	O
a	O
probable	O
quarter-final	T-4
clash	T-4
with	O
seventh-seeded	O
veteran	O
Jana	O
Novotna	O
.	O

Sanchez	O
Vicario	O
,	O
runner-up	T-1
to	O
Graf	O
at	O
the	O
French	O
Open	O
and	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
,	O
begins	T-2
play	O
against	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
a	O
quarter	T-0
of	O
the	O
draw	O
that	O
includes	O
young	O
talent	O
Martina	O
Hingis	O
,	O
the	O
16th	O
seed	O
,	O
before	O
a	O
probable	O
quarter-final	O
clash	O
with	O
seventh-seeded	O
veteran	O
Jana	O
Novotna	O
.	T-1

Sanchez	O
Vicario	O
,	O
runner-up	O
to	O
Graf	O
at	O
the	O
French	O
Open	O
and	O
Wimbledon	O
,	O
begins	O
play	T-2
against	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
that	O
includes	O
young	O
talent	O
Martina	B-PER
Hingis	I-PER
,	O
the	O
16th	T-0
seed	T-1
,	O
before	O
a	O
probable	O
quarter-final	O
clash	O
with	O
seventh-seeded	O
veteran	O
Jana	O
Novotna	O
.	O

Sanchez	T-0
Vicario	T-0
,	O
runner-up	O
to	O
Graf	O
at	O
the	O
French	O
Open	O
and	O
Wimbledon	O
,	O
begins	O
play	T-1
against	T-1
a	T-1
qualifier	T-1
in	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
draw	O
that	O
includes	O
young	O
talent	O
Martina	O
Hingis	O
,	O
the	O
16th	O
seed	O
,	O
before	O
a	O
probable	O
quarter-final	O
clash	O
with	O
seventh-seeded	O
veteran	T-2
Jana	B-PER
Novotna	I-PER
.	O

Martinez	B-PER
begins	T-1
play	T-2
against	T-2
Ruxandra	O
Dragomir	O
of	O
Romania	T-0
.	O

Martinez	T-1
begins	O
play	O
against	T-0
Ruxandra	B-PER
Dragomir	I-PER
of	O
Romania	O
.	O

Martinez	O
begins	O
play	T-1
against	T-1
Ruxandra	T-0
Dragomir	T-0
of	T-2
Romania	B-LOC
.	O

RTRS	B-ORG
-	O
Tennis	T-1
-	O
Muster	T-2
upset	O
,	O
Philippoussis	T-3
wins	T-0
,	O
Stoltenberg	T-4
loses	O
.	O

RTRS	O
-	O
Tennis	O
-	O
Muster	T-0
upset	O
,	O
Philippoussis	B-PER
wins	T-1
,	O
Stoltenberg	O
loses	O
.	O

RTRS	T-3
-	O
Tennis	O
-	O
Muster	O
upset	T-0
,	O
Philippoussis	O
wins	T-1
,	O
Stoltenberg	B-PER
loses	T-2
.	O

Top-seeded	O
Thomas	B-PER
Muster	I-PER
of	O
Austria	O
was	O
beaten	T-0
6-3	O
7-5	O
by	O
123rd-ranked	O
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
of	O
Canada	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
in	T-2
his	T-2
first	T-2
match	T-2
of	O
the	O
$	O
2	O
million	O
Canadian	T-1
Open	T-1
.	O

Top-seeded	O
Thomas	O
Muster	O
of	O
Austria	B-LOC
was	O
beaten	T-0
6-3	O
7-5	O
by	O
123rd-ranked	O
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
of	O
Canada	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
in	O
his	O
first	O
match	T-2
of	O
the	O
$	O
2	O
million	O
Canadian	T-1
Open	T-1
.	O

Top-seeded	O
Thomas	T-2
Muster	T-3
of	O
Austria	O
was	O
beaten	T-0
6-3	O
7-5	O
by	O
123rd-ranked	O
Daniel	B-PER
Nestor	I-PER
of	O
Canada	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
in	O
his	O
first	O
match	O
of	O
the	O
$	O
2	O
million	O
Canadian	T-1
Open	T-1
.	O

Top-seeded	O
Thomas	T-0
Muster	T-0
of	O
Austria	O
was	O
beaten	O
6-3	O
7-5	O
by	O
123rd-ranked	O
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
of	O
Canada	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
in	O
his	O
first	O
match	O
of	O
the	O
$	O
2	O
million	O
Canadian	O
Open	O
.	O

Top-seeded	O
Thomas	T-1
Muster	O
of	O
Austria	O
was	O
beaten	O
6-3	O
7-5	O
by	O
123rd-ranked	O
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
of	O
Canada	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
in	O
his	O
first	O
match	O
of	O
the	O
$	O
2	T-0
million	T-0
Canadian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
.	T-1

A	T-0
lefthander	T-0
with	T-0
a	T-0
strong	T-0
serve	T-0
,	O
Nestor	B-PER
kept	T-2
the	O
rallies	O
short	O
by	O
constantly	O
attacking	T-3
the	O
net	O
and	O
the	O
tactic	O
worked	T-1
in	O
the	O
second-round	O
match	O
against	O
Muster	O
,	O
playing	T-4
his	O
first	O
match	O
after	O
receiving	O
a	O
first-round	O
bye	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
other	O
top	O
eight	O
seeds	O
.	O

A	O
lefthander	O
with	O
a	O
strong	O
serve	O
,	O
Nestor	T-1
kept	O
the	O
rallies	O
short	O
by	O
constantly	O
attacking	O
the	O
net	O
and	O
the	O
tactic	T-2
worked	O
in	O
the	O
second-round	O
match	O
against	T-0
Muster	B-PER
,	O
playing	O
his	O
first	O
match	O
after	O
receiving	O
a	O
first-round	O
bye	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
other	O
top	O
eight	O
seeds	O
.	O

The	O
tournament	O
also	O
lost	O
its	O
second	T-2
seed	T-2
on	O
the	O
third	O
day	O
of	O
play	O
when	O
second-seeded	T-0
Goran	B-PER
Ivanisevic	I-PER
of	O
Croatia	O
was	O
beaten	O
6-7(3-7	O
)	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
by	O
unseeded	T-1
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
of	O
Sweden	O
.	O

The	O
tournament	T-0
also	O
lost	O
its	O
second	O
seed	O
on	O
the	O
third	O
day	O
of	O
play	O
when	O
second-seeded	O
Goran	O
Ivanisevic	O
of	T-2
Croatia	B-LOC
was	O
beaten	T-1
6-7(3-7	O
)	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
by	O
unseeded	O
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
of	O
Sweden	O
.	O

The	O
tournament	O
also	O
lost	O
its	O
second	T-1
seed	T-1
on	O
the	O
third	O
day	O
of	O
play	O
when	O
second-seeded	O
Goran	T-2
Ivanisevic	T-2
of	O
Croatia	O
was	O
beaten	O
6-7(3-7	O
)	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
by	O
unseeded	O
Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
of	O
Sweden	T-0
.	O

The	O
tournament	O
also	O
lost	O
its	O
second	O
seed	O
on	O
the	O
third	O
day	O
of	O
play	O
when	O
second-seeded	O
Goran	T-0
Ivanisevic	T-0
of	O
Croatia	O
was	O
beaten	T-2
6-7(3-7	O
)	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
by	O
unseeded	O
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
of	T-1
Sweden	B-LOC
.	O

Other	O
seeded	O
players	O
advancing	T-2
were	O
number	T-0
three	T-0
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
of	T-1
South	T-1
Africa	T-1
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	O
Rios	O
of	O
Chile	O
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
of	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
,	O
the	O
seventh	O
seeed	O
.	O

Other	O
seeded	T-4
players	O
advancing	T-3
were	O
number	O
three	O
Wayne	T-0
Ferreira	T-0
of	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	O
Rios	O
of	O
Chile	O
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
of	O
the	O
United	T-1
States	T-1
and	O
American	T-2
Todd	O
Martin	O
,	O
the	O
seventh	O
seeed	O
.	O

Other	O
seeded	O
players	O
advancing	O
were	O
number	O
three	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	B-PER
Rios	I-PER
of	O
Chile	T-0
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
of	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
,	O
the	O
seventh	O
seeed	O
.	O

Other	O
seeded	O
players	O
advancing	T-3
were	O
number	O
three	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	T-1
Africa	T-1
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	T-0
Rios	T-0
of	O
Chile	B-LOC
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
of	O
the	O
United	T-2
States	T-2
and	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
,	O
the	O
seventh	O
seeed	O
.	O

Other	O
seeded	O
players	T-1
advancing	O
were	O
number	O
three	T-0
Wayne	T-0
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	O
Rios	O
of	O
Chile	O
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
of	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
,	O
the	O
seventh	O
seeed	O
.	O

Other	O
seeded	O
players	O
advancing	T-0
were	O
number	O
three	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	T-1
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	O
Rios	O
of	O
Chile	O
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
of	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
and	O
American	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
,	O
the	O
seventh	O
seeed	T-2
.	O

Other	O
seeded	T-2
players	O
advancing	T-1
were	O
number	O
three	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	O
Rios	O
of	O
Chile	O
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
of	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
and	O
American	B-MISC
Todd	O
Martin	O
,	O
the	O
seventh	T-0
seeed	T-0
.	O

Other	O
seeded	T-2
players	T-2
advancing	O
were	O
number	O
three	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
,	O
number	O
four	O
Marcelo	O
Rios	O
of	O
Chile	O
,	O
number	O
six	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
of	O
the	O
United	T-0
States	T-0
and	O
American	O
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
,	O
the	O
seventh	T-1
seeed	T-1
.	O

Eighth	T-1
seed	T-1
Marc	B-PER
Rosset	I-PER
of	O
Switzerland	O
was	O
eliminated	O
in	O
a	O
one	O
hour	O
,	O
55	O
minute	O
battle	O
by	O
unseeded	T-0
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
of	O
Australia	O
.	O

Eighth	O
seed	O
Marc	T-1
Rosset	T-1
of	O
Switzerland	B-LOC
was	O
eliminated	T-0
in	O
a	O
one	O
hour	O
,	O
55	O
minute	O
battle	O
by	O
unseeded	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
of	O
Australia	O
.	O

Eighth	O
seed	O
Marc	O
Rosset	O
of	O
Switzerland	O
was	O
eliminated	T-2
in	O
a	O
one	O
hour	O
,	O
55	O
minute	O
battle	O
by	O
unseeded	T-0
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
of	O
Australia	T-1
.	O

Eighth	O
seed	O
Marc	O
Rosset	O
of	O
Switzerland	O
was	O
eliminated	T-0
in	O
a	O
one	O
hour	O
,	O
55	O
minute	O
battle	T-1
by	O
unseeded	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
of	O
Australia	B-LOC
.	O

Philippoussis	B-PER
saved	O
a	O
match	O
point	O
at	O
5-6	O
in	O
the	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
before	T-1
winning	T-0
6-3	O
3-6	O
7-6	O
(	O
8-6	O
)	O
.	O

Philippoussis	B-PER
's	O
compatriot	T-1
,	O
13th	O
seed	O
Jason	O
Stoltenberg	O
,	O
was	T-0
not	T-0
as	O
fortunate	O
.	O

Philippoussis	O
's	O
compatriot	O
,	O
13th	O
seed	O
Jason	B-PER
Stoltenberg	I-PER
,	O
was	O
not	O
as	O
fortunate	T-0
.	O

He	O
held	O
one	O
match	O
point	O
at	O
9-8	O
in	O
a	O
marathon	T-0
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
but	O
was	T-3
beaten	T-3
5-7	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-1	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
13-11	O
)	O
by	O
unseeded	T-2
Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
of	O
the	O
Czech	T-1
Republic	T-1
.	O

He	O
held	O
one	O
match	O
point	O
at	O
9-8	O
in	O
a	O
marathon	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
but	O
was	O
beaten	O
5-7	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-1	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
13-11	O
)	O
by	O
unseeded	O
Daniel	T-0
Vacek	T-0
of	O
the	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
.	O

"	O
I	O
knew	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
serve	O
well	O
and	O
keep	O
the	O
points	O
short	O
and	O
that	O
's	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-0
Nestor	B-PER
,	O
who	O
ranks	O
10th	O
in	O
doubles	O
.	O

The	O
lanky	T-1
Canadian	B-MISC
broke	T-0
Muster	T-0
at	T-0
4-3	T-0
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
and	O
5-5	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
before	O
ending	O
the	O
match	O
on	O
his	O
third	O
match	O
point	O
when	O
the	O
Austrian	T-2
hit	O
a	O
service	T-3
return	O
long	O
.	O

The	T-1
lanky	T-1
Canadian	T-1
broke	T-0
Muster	B-PER
at	O
4-3	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
and	O
5-5	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
before	O
ending	O
the	O
match	O
on	O
his	T-2
third	O
match	O
point	O
when	O
the	O
Austrian	T-3
hit	O
a	O
service	O
return	O
long	O
.	O

The	O
lanky	O
Canadian	O
broke	O
Muster	O
at	O
4-3	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
and	O
5-5	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
before	O
ending	O
the	O
match	O
on	O
his	O
third	O
match	O
point	O
when	O
the	O
Austrian	B-MISC
hit	T-0
a	T-0
service	T-0
return	T-0
long	T-0
.	O

"	O
I	O
probably	O
did	O
n't	O
hit	T-0
five	O
ground	O
strokes	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
match	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Muster	B-PER
,	O
only	O
partly	O
joking	O
.	O
"	O

Playing	T-1
at	O
night	O
was	O
not	O
Muster	B-PER
's	O
preference	T-0
.	O
"	O

Ivanisevic	B-PER
rallied	T-2
from	O
a	O
2-5	O
deficit	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
but	O
then	O
played	O
erratically	O
against	O
the	O
44th-ranked	O
Tillstrom	T-0
,	O
who	O
was	O
a	O
surprise	O
winner	O
over	O
his	O
famous	O
compatriot	O
Stefan	T-1
Edberg	T-1
in	O
the	O
second	O
round	O
at	O
Wimbledon	O
.	O

Ivanisevic	T-1
rallied	O
from	O
a	O
2-5	O
deficit	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
but	O
then	O
played	O
erratically	O
against	O
the	O
44th-ranked	O
Tillstrom	B-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
a	O
surprise	O
winner	T-0
over	O
his	O
famous	O
compatriot	O
Stefan	O
Edberg	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
round	O
at	O
Wimbledon	O
.	O

Ivanisevic	O
rallied	T-0
from	O
a	O
2-5	O
deficit	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
but	O
then	O
played	O
erratically	O
against	O
the	O
44th-ranked	O
Tillstrom	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
a	O
surprise	O
winner	O
over	O
his	O
famous	O
compatriot	T-1
Stefan	B-PER
Edberg	I-PER
in	O
the	O
second	O
round	O
at	O
Wimbledon	T-2
.	O

Ivanisevic	O
rallied	O
from	O
a	O
2-5	O
deficit	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
set	O
but	O
then	O
played	T-1
erratically	T-1
against	O
the	O
44th-ranked	O
Tillstrom	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
a	O
surprise	O
winner	O
over	O
his	O
famous	O
compatriot	O
Stefan	O
Edberg	O
in	T-0
the	T-0
second	T-0
round	T-0
at	T-0
Wimbledon	B-LOC
.	O

Ivanisevic	B-PER
hit	T-2
32	O
aces	T-3
but	O
was	O
outplayed	T-0
from	O
the	O
back	O
court	O
by	O
the	O
24-year-old	O
Tillstrom	T-1
.	O

Ivanisevic	O
hit	O
32	O
aces	O
but	O
was	O
outplayed	T-2
from	O
the	O
back	T-0
court	T-0
by	O
the	O
24-year-old	T-1
Tillstrom	B-PER
.	O

The	O
sixth-ranked	T-0
Ivanisevic	B-PER
,	O
who	O
lost	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
at	O
Indianapolis	O
to	O
world	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	T-1
Sampras	T-1
of	O
the	O
U.S.	O
last	O
Sunday	O
,	O
made	O
a	O
quick	O
getaway	O
after	O
his	O
loss	O
but	O
did	O
say	O
:	O
"	O
Something	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
when	O
I	O
arrived	O
(	O
in	O
Toronto	O
)	O
.	T-0

The	O
sixth-ranked	O
Ivanisevic	T-1
,	O
who	O
lost	O
in	O
the	O
final	T-0
at	T-0
Indianapolis	B-LOC
to	O
world	T-2
number	T-2
one	T-2
Pete	O
Sampras	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	O
last	O
Sunday	O
,	O
made	O
a	O
quick	O
getaway	T-4
after	O
his	O
loss	T-3
but	O
did	O
say	O
:	O
"	O
Something	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
when	O
I	O
arrived	O
(	O
in	O
Toronto	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
sixth-ranked	O
Ivanisevic	O
,	O
who	O
lost	T-0
in	O
the	O
final	O
at	O
Indianapolis	T-2
to	O
world	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	B-PER
Sampras	I-PER
of	O
the	O
U.S.	O
last	O
Sunday	O
,	O
made	O
a	O
quick	O
getaway	T-3
after	O
his	O
loss	T-1
but	O
did	O
say	O
:	O
"	O
Something	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
when	O
I	O
arrived	O
(	O
in	O
Toronto	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
sixth-ranked	O
Ivanisevic	T-0
,	O
who	O
lost	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
at	O
Indianapolis	O
to	O
world	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	T-1
Sampras	T-1
of	O
the	O
U.S.	B-LOC
last	O
Sunday	O
,	O
made	O
a	O
quick	O
getaway	O
after	O
his	O
loss	O
but	O
did	O
say	O
:	O
"	O
Something	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
when	O
I	O
arrived	T-2
(	O
in	O
Toronto	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
sixth-ranked	O
Ivanisevic	O
,	O
who	O
lost	T-0
in	O
the	O
final	O
at	O
Indianapolis	O
to	O
world	O
number	O
one	O
Pete	O
Sampras	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	O
last	O
Sunday	O
,	O
made	O
a	O
quick	O
getaway	T-1
after	O
his	O
loss	O
but	O
did	O
say	O
:	O
"	O
Something	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
when	O
I	O
arrived	O
(	O
in	O
Toronto	B-LOC
)	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
thought	O
he	O
looked	O
a	O
little	O
unfocused	T-0
at	O
certain	O
times	O
on	O
his	O
ground	O
strokes	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-1
Tillstrom	B-PER
.	O

The	O
19-year-old	T-0
Philippoussis	B-PER
,	O
who	T-1
beat	O
Sampras	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
Australian	O
Open	O
,	O
stayed	O
calm	O
in	O
a	O
nervy	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
against	O
Rosset	O
.	O

The	O
19-year-old	O
Philippoussis	T-1
,	O
who	T-2
beat	O
Sampras	B-PER
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
Australian	T-0
Open	O
,	O
stayed	O
calm	O
in	O
a	O
nervy	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
against	O
Rosset	O
.	O

The	O
19-year-old	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
who	O
beat	O
Sampras	T-2
in	O
the	O
third	T-1
round	T-1
of	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
Australian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
,	O
stayed	T-0
calm	O
in	O
a	O
nervy	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
against	O
Rosset	O
.	O

The	O
19-year-old	O
Philippoussis	T-0
,	O
who	O
beat	T-3
Sampras	T-1
in	O
the	O
third	O
round	O
of	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
Australian	T-2
Open	T-2
,	O
stayed	O
calm	O
in	O
a	O
nervy	O
third-set	O
tie	O
break	O
against	T-4
Rosset	B-PER
.	O

Soccer	T-0
-	O
Results	O
of	O
South	B-MISC
Korean	I-MISC
pro-soccer	T-1
games	T-1
.	O

Results	T-0
of	O
South	B-MISC
Korean	I-MISC
pro-soccer	T-1
games	T-1
played	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Anyang	B-ORG
3	T-0
Chonnam	T-0
3	O
(	O
halftime	O
2-0	O
)	O

Puchon	T-0
0	O
Suwon	B-ORG
0	O
(	O
halftime	O
0-0	O
)	O

Puchon	B-ORG
1	T-0
1	T-0
0	T-0
1	T-0
0	T-0
4	T-0

Pohang	B-ORG
0	T-0
1	T-0
0	T-0
3	T-0
3	T-0
1	T-0

Chonnam	B-ORG
0	T-0
1	T-0
1	T-0
5	T-0
6	T-0
1	T-0

Senegal	B-LOC
cholera	O
outbreak	O
kills	T-0
five	O
.	O

An	O
outbreak	T-0
of	O
cholera	O
has	O
killed	T-2
five	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
Senegal	B-LOC
town	O
of	O
Kaolack	O
,	O
where	O
health	O
authorities	O
have	O
recorded	O
291	O
cases	O
since	O
August	O
11	O
,	O
a	O
medical	O
official	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

An	O
outbreak	O
of	O
cholera	T-1
has	O
killed	O
five	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
central	O
Senegal	T-0
town	T-0
of	O
Kaolack	B-LOC
,	O
where	O
health	O
authorities	O
have	O
recorded	O
291	O
cases	O
since	O
August	O
11	O
,	O
a	O
medical	O
official	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

People	O
are	O
rushing	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
symptoms	O
appear	T-0
,	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
we	O
have	O
fewer	O
deaths	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	T-1
Reuters	B-ORG
by	O
telephone	O
from	O
the	O
town	O
,	O
160	O
km	O
(	O
100	O
miles	O
)	O
southeast	O
of	O
the	O
Senegalese	T-2
capital	O
Dakar	O
.	O

People	O
are	O
rushing	T-2
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
symptoms	O
appear	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
we	O
have	O
fewer	T-3
deaths	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
Reuters	O
by	O
telephone	O
from	O
the	O
town	O
,	O
160	O
km	O
(	O
100	O
miles	O
)	O
southeast	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
Senegalese	B-MISC
capital	T-1
Dakar	T-1
.	O

People	O
are	O
rushing	O
to	O
the	O
hospital	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
symptoms	T-1
appear	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
why	O
we	O
have	O
fewer	O
deaths	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	O
Reuters	O
by	O
telephone	O
from	O
the	O
town	O
,	O
160	O
km	O
(	O
100	O
miles	O
)	O
southeast	O
of	O
the	O
Senegalese	T-0
capital	T-0
Dakar	B-LOC
.	O

Nigerian	B-MISC
general	T-2
takes	T-1
over	T-0
Liberia	O
ECOMOG	O
force	O
.	O

Nigerian	T-1
general	O
takes	T-0
over	T-0
Liberia	B-LOC
ECOMOG	O
force	O
.	O

Nigerian	T-1
general	T-0
takes	T-3
over	T-3
Liberia	T-2
ECOMOG	B-ORG
force	O
.	O

Nigerian	B-MISC
Major	O
General	O
Sam	O
Victor	O
Malu	O
took	O
over	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
as	O
commander	O
of	O
the	O
ECOMOG	T-2
peacekeeping	O
force	O
in	O
Liberia	O
,	O
two	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
latest	O
ceasefire	O
in	O
the	O
six-year	O
civil	T-0
war	T-0
.	O

Nigerian	O
Major	T-1
General	T-3
Sam	O
Victor	T-0
Malu	O
took	T-5
over	O
on	O
Thursday	O
as	O
commander	T-2
of	O
the	O
ECOMOG	B-ORG
peacekeeping	T-4
force	O
in	O
Liberia	O
,	O
two	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
start	T-6
of	O
the	O
latest	O
ceasefire	O
in	O
the	O
six-year	O
civil	O
war	O
.	O

Nigerian	O
Major	O
General	O
Sam	O
Victor	O
Malu	O
took	O
over	O
on	O
Thursday	O
as	O
commander	T-0
of	O
the	O
ECOMOG	O
peacekeeping	T-1
force	O
in	O
Liberia	B-LOC
,	O
two	O
days	O
after	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
latest	O
ceasefire	T-2
in	O
the	O
six-year	O
civil	T-3
war	T-3
.	O

Malu	B-PER
replaced	T-0
another	O
Nigerian	T-4
major	O
general	O
,	O
John	T-5
Inienger	T-5
,	O
who	O
told	T-1
officers	O
at	O
the	O
handover	O
ceremony	O
that	O
peace	O
was	O
now	O
at	O
hand	O
for	O
Liberia	T-3
after	O
six	O
years	O
of	O
fighting	O
and	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
dozen	O
failed	T-2
accords	O
.	O

Malu	T-2
replaced	O
another	O
Nigerian	B-MISC
major	T-4
general	T-4
,	O
John	T-3
Inienger	T-3
,	O
who	O
told	O
officers	O
at	O
the	O
handover	O
ceremony	T-0
that	O
peace	O
was	O
now	O
at	O
hand	O
for	O
Liberia	O
after	O
six	O
years	O
of	O
fighting	O
and	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
dozen	T-1
failed	O
accords	O
.	O

Malu	O
replaced	O
another	O
Nigerian	T-0
major	T-0
general	T-0
,	O
John	B-PER
Inienger	I-PER
,	O
who	O
told	O
officers	O
at	O
the	O
handover	O
ceremony	O
that	O
peace	T-1
was	O
now	O
at	O
hand	O
for	O
Liberia	O
after	O
six	O
years	O
of	O
fighting	O
and	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
dozen	O
failed	O
accords	O
.	O

Malu	O
replaced	O
another	O
Nigerian	O
major	O
general	O
,	O
John	O
Inienger	O
,	O
who	O
told	O
officers	O
at	O
the	O
handover	O
ceremony	T-1
that	O
peace	O
was	O
now	O
at	O
hand	O
for	O
Liberia	B-LOC
after	O
six	O
years	O
of	O
fighting	T-0
and	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
dozen	O
failed	O
accords	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
search	O
for	O
peace	T-0
in	O
Liberia	B-LOC
has	O
been	O
difficult	O
,	O
challenging	O
and	O
sometimes	O
painful	O
.	O

United	B-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
military	T-0
observers	O
travelling	O
to	O
the	O
western	O
town	O
of	O
Tubmanburg	T-1
on	O
Wednesday	O
to	O
monitor	T-4
the	T-4
ceasefire	T-4
were	O
delayed	O
by	O
shooting	O
along	O
the	O
highway	O
,	O
U.N.	T-2
special	T-2
representative	T-2
Anthony	T-3
Nyakyi	T-3
said	O
.	O

United	O
Nations	O
military	T-2
observers	T-2
travelling	O
to	O
the	O
western	T-1
town	T-1
of	T-0
Tubmanburg	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
were	O
delayed	O
by	O
shooting	O
along	O
the	O
highway	O
,	O
U.N.	O
special	O
representative	O
Anthony	O
Nyakyi	O
said	O
.	O

United	O
Nations	O
military	O
observers	T-0
travelling	O
to	O
the	O
western	O
town	O
of	O
Tubmanburg	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
were	O
delayed	O
by	O
shooting	O
along	O
the	O
highway	O
,	O
U.N.	B-ORG
special	O
representative	T-1
Anthony	T-3
Nyakyi	T-3
said	O
.	O

United	T-1
Nations	T-1
military	O
observers	O
travelling	T-0
to	O
the	O
western	O
town	O
of	O
Tubmanburg	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
were	O
delayed	O
by	O
shooting	O
along	O
the	O
highway	O
,	O
U.N.	O
special	O
representative	O
Anthony	B-PER
Nyakyi	I-PER
said	O
.	O

They	O
finally	O
went	T-0
ahead	O
with	O
an	O
escort	O
from	O
the	O
ULIMO-J	B-ORG
faction	T-1
.	O

Faction	T-2
leaders	O
who	O
agreed	O
a	O
new	O
peace	T-0
deal	O
in	T-1
the	T-1
Nigerian	B-MISC
capital	O
Abuja	O
on	O
Saturday	O
have	O
accused	O
each	O
other	O
of	O
breaking	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
.	T-2

Faction	O
leaders	O
who	O
agreed	O
a	O
new	O
peace	O
deal	O
in	T-0
the	O
Nigerian	O
capital	T-1
Abuja	B-LOC
on	O
Saturday	O
have	O
accused	T-2
each	O
other	O
of	O
breaking	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
.	O

The	T-0
ECOMOG	B-ORG
force	T-1
,	O
currently	T-2
10,000	O
strong	O
,	O
was	O
sent	O
to	O
Liberia	O
by	O
the	O
Economic	O
Community	O
of	O
West	O
African	O
States	O
in	O
1990	O
at	O
the	O
height	O
of	O
the	O
fighting	O
.	O

The	O
ECOMOG	O
force	O
,	O
currently	O
10,000	O
strong	O
,	O
was	O
sent	O
to	T-1
Liberia	B-LOC
by	O
the	O
Economic	O
Community	O
of	O
West	T-0
African	T-0
States	T-0
in	O
1990	O
at	O
the	O
height	O
of	O
the	O
fighting	O
.	O

The	O
ECOMOG	T-0
force	O
,	O
currently	O
10,000	O
strong	O
,	O
was	O
sent	T-2
to	T-2
Liberia	T-1
by	T-3
the	T-3
Economic	B-ORG
Community	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
West	I-ORG
African	I-ORG
States	I-ORG
in	O
1990	O
at	O
the	O
height	O
of	O
the	O
fighting	O
.	O

Guinea	B-LOC
calls	T-2
two	T-0
days	T-0
of	O
prayer	T-1
.	O

The	O
West	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
state	T-0
of	T-0
Guinea	T-0
declared	O
Thursday	O
and	O
Friday	O
days	O
of	O
national	O
prayer	O
.	O

The	O
West	T-1
African	T-1
state	T-0
of	T-0
Guinea	B-LOC
declared	O
Thursday	O
and	O
Friday	O
days	O
of	O
national	O
prayer	O
.	O

A	T-2
government	T-2
statement	T-2
,	O
broadcast	T-5
repeatedly	O
by	O
state	O
radio	O
,	O
said	T-6
the	O
two	O
days	O
of	O
prayer	O
were	O
"	O
for	O
the	O
dead	O
,	O
for	O
peace	T-0
and	T-0
prosperity	T-0
in	T-0
Guinea	B-LOC
,	O
the	T-3
victory	T-3
of	O
the	O
new	O
government	T-1
and	O
the	O
health	T-4
of	T-4
the	T-4
head	T-4
of	T-4
state	T-4
"	O
.	O

Guinea	B-LOC
's	O
president	T-2
,	O
Lansana	T-0
Conte	T-0
,	O
vice-president	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
Islamic	T-1
Conference	T-1
,	O
left	O
for	O
Kuwait	O
on	O
August	O
16	O
to	O
prepare	O
the	O
next	O
OIC	T-3
summit	T-3
in	O
Pakistan	O
in	O
1997	O
.	O

Guinea	O
's	O
president	O
,	O
Lansana	O
Conte	O
,	O
vice-president	O
of	T-4
the	T-4
Organisation	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Islamic	I-ORG
Conference	I-ORG
,	O
left	T-0
for	O
Kuwait	T-3
on	O
August	O
16	O
to	O
prepare	T-1
the	O
next	O
OIC	T-2
summit	T-2
in	O
Pakistan	O
in	O
1997	O
.	O

Guinea	O
's	O
president	O
,	O
Lansana	O
Conte	O
,	O
vice-president	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
of	O
the	O
Islamic	O
Conference	O
,	O
left	T-0
for	O
Kuwait	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
16	O
to	O
prepare	O
the	O
next	O
OIC	O
summit	T-1
in	O
Pakistan	O
in	O
1997	O
.	O

Guinea	O
's	O
president	O
,	O
Lansana	O
Conte	O
,	O
vice-president	T-2
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
of	O
the	O
Islamic	O
Conference	O
,	O
left	T-0
for	T-0
Kuwait	T-0
on	T-0
August	T-0
16	T-0
to	T-0
prepare	T-0
the	T-0
next	T-0
OIC	B-ORG
summit	T-1
in	T-1
Pakistan	T-1
in	T-1
1997	T-1
.	O

Guinea	O
's	O
president	O
,	O
Lansana	O
Conte	O
,	O
vice-president	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
of	O
the	O
Islamic	O
Conference	O
,	O
left	T-3
for	O
Kuwait	O
on	O
August	O
16	O
to	O
prepare	T-0
the	O
next	O
OIC	T-1
summit	T-1
in	T-1
Pakistan	B-LOC
in	T-2
1997	T-2
.	O

Koranic	B-MISC
reading	T-0
sessions	T-3
and	O
prayers	O
were	O
to	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
the	O
farming	O
town	O
of	O
Badi-Tondon	T-1
,	O
near	O
his	O
home	O
about	O
60	O
km	O
(	O
40	O
miles	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
capital	O
Conakry	T-2
.	O

Koranic	T-2
reading	O
sessions	O
and	O
prayers	O
were	O
to	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
the	O
farming	T-0
town	T-1
of	O
Badi-Tondon	B-LOC
,	O
near	O
his	O
home	O
about	O
60	O
km	O
(	O
40	O
miles	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
capital	O
Conakry	O
.	O

Koranic	O
reading	O
sessions	O
and	O
prayers	O
were	O
to	O
be	O
held	O
in	O
the	O
farming	O
town	O
of	O
Badi-Tondon	T-0
,	O
near	O
his	O
home	O
about	O
60	T-1
km	T-1
(	O
40	O
miles	O
)	O
from	O
the	O
capital	T-2
Conakry	B-LOC
.	O

Conte	B-PER
,	O
an	O
army	T-2
general	T-3
,	O
survived	O
a	O
February	O
army	O
pay	O
revolt	O
which	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
he	T-0
described	O
as	O
a	O
veiled	O
attempt	O
to	O
topple	O
him	T-1
.	O

Conte	B-PER
seized	O
power	T-0
in	O
1984	O
after	O
the	O
death	T-1
of	O
veteran	O
Marxist	O
leader	O
Ahmed	O
Sekou	O
Toure	O
.	O

Conte	O
seized	T-0
power	T-0
in	O
1984	O
after	O
the	O
death	T-1
of	O
veteran	O
Marxist	B-MISC
leader	T-2
Ahmed	O
Sekou	O
Toure	O
.	O

Conte	T-2
seized	T-1
power	O
in	O
1984	O
after	O
the	O
death	O
of	O
veteran	O
Marxist	T-0
leader	T-0
Ahmed	B-PER
Sekou	I-PER
Toure	I-PER
.	O

South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
answers	T-0
U.S.	O
message	O
in	O
a	O
bottle	O
.	O

South	O
African	O
answers	T-1
U.S.	B-LOC
message	O
in	O
a	O
bottle	T-0
.	O

A	T-0
South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
boy	T-1
is	O
writing	T-2
back	O
to	O
an	O
American	O
girl	O
whose	O
message	O
in	O
a	O
bottle	O
he	O
found	O
washed	O
up	O
on	O
President	O
Nelson	O
Mandela	O
's	O
old	O
prison	O
island	O
.	O

A	O
South	T-0
African	T-0
boy	T-0
is	O
writing	O
back	O
to	O
an	O
American	B-MISC
girl	T-1
whose	O
message	O
in	O
a	O
bottle	O
he	O
found	O
washed	T-2
up	O
on	O
President	O
Nelson	O
Mandela	O
's	O
old	O
prison	T-3
island	O
.	O

A	O
South	O
African	O
boy	O
is	O
writing	O
back	O
to	O
an	O
American	O
girl	O
whose	O
message	O
in	O
a	O
bottle	O
he	O
found	O
washed	O
up	O
on	O
President	O
Nelson	B-PER
Mandela	I-PER
's	O
old	O
prison	T-0
island	T-1
.	O

But	O
Carlo	B-PER
Hoffmann	I-PER
,	O
an	O
11-year-old	T-0
jailer	T-0
's	T-0
son	T-0
who	T-4
found	T-1
the	O
bottle	O
on	O
the	O
beach	O
at	O
Robben	O
Island	O
off	O
Cape	O
Town	O
after	O
winter	O
storms	T-2
,	O
will	O
send	O
his	O
letter	O
back	O
by	O
ordinary	O
mail	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
the	O
post	O
office	O
said	T-3
.	O

But	O
Carlo	O
Hoffmann	O
,	O
an	O
11-year-old	O
jailer	O
's	O
son	O
who	O
found	T-1
the	O
bottle	O
on	O
the	O
beach	O
at	O
Robben	B-LOC
Island	I-LOC
off	O
Cape	T-0
Town	O
after	O
winter	O
storms	O
,	O
will	O
send	T-2
his	O
letter	O
back	O
by	O
ordinary	O
mail	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
the	O
post	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

But	O
Carlo	T-0
Hoffmann	T-0
,	O
an	O
11-year-old	O
jailer	T-1
's	T-1
son	T-1
who	O
found	O
the	O
bottle	O
on	O
the	O
beach	O
at	O
Robben	O
Island	O
off	O
Cape	B-LOC
Town	I-LOC
after	O
winter	T-2
storms	O
,	O
will	O
send	O
his	O
letter	O
back	O
by	O
ordinary	O
mail	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
the	O
post	O
office	O
said	O
.	O

Danielle	B-PER
Murray	I-PER
from	T-0
Sandusky	O
,	O
Ohio	O
,	O
the	O
same	T-1
age	T-1
as	T-1
her	O
new	O
penfriend	O
,	O
asked	O
for	O
a	O
reply	O
from	O
whoever	O
received	O
the	O
message	O
she	O
flung	O
on	O
its	O
journey	O
months	O
ago	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	O
Ocean	O
.	O

Danielle	T-1
Murray	T-1
from	O
Sandusky	B-LOC
,	O
Ohio	T-0
,	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
as	O
her	O
new	O
penfriend	O
,	O
asked	O
for	O
a	O
reply	O
from	O
whoever	O
received	O
the	O
message	O
she	O
flung	O
on	O
its	O
journey	O
months	O
ago	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	O
Ocean	O
.	O

Danielle	O
Murray	O
from	T-2
Sandusky	T-0
,	O
Ohio	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
as	O
her	O
new	O
penfriend	O
,	O
asked	O
for	O
a	O
reply	O
from	O
whoever	O
received	O
the	O
message	O
she	O
flung	O
on	O
its	O
journey	O
months	O
ago	O
on	O
the	O
other	T-1
side	T-1
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	O
Ocean	O
.	O

Danielle	O
Murray	O
from	O
Sandusky	O
,	O
Ohio	T-0
,	O
the	O
same	O
age	O
as	O
her	O
new	O
penfriend	O
,	O
asked	T-2
for	O
a	O
reply	O
from	O
whoever	O
received	T-3
the	O
message	O
she	O
flung	T-1
on	O
its	O
journey	O
months	O
ago	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	B-LOC
Ocean	I-LOC
.	O

Rottweiler	B-MISC
kills	T-0
South	T-2
African	T-2
toddler	T-2
.	O

Rottweiler	T-1
kills	T-1
South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
toddler	T-2
.	O

A	O
rottweiler	O
dog	O
belonging	O
to	O
an	O
elderly	T-0
South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
couple	T-1
savaged	O
to	O
death	O
their	O
two-year-old	O
grandson	O
who	O
was	O
visiting	T-2
,	O
police	O
said	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	T-0
dog	T-0
attacked	O
Louis	B-PER
Booy	I-PER
in	O
the	O
front	O
garden	O
of	O
his	O
grandparents	O
'	O
house	O
in	O
Vanderbijlpark	O
near	O
Johannesburg	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

The	O
dog	O
attacked	O
Louis	T-2
Booy	T-2
in	O
the	O
front	O
garden	T-1
of	O
his	O
grandparents	O
'	O
house	O
in	O
Vanderbijlpark	B-LOC
near	T-0
Johannesburg	T-3
on	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

The	O
dog	O
attacked	O
Louis	O
Booy	O
in	O
the	O
front	O
garden	T-0
of	O
his	O
grandparents	O
'	O
house	T-1
in	O
Vanderbijlpark	O
near	O
Johannesburg	B-LOC
on	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

Dogs	O
fierce	O
enough	O
to	O
scare	O
off	O
burglars	O
are	O
becoming	O
increasingly	O
popular	O
in	O
the	O
crime-infested	O
Johannesburg	B-LOC
area	T-0
.	O

INDICATORS	T-0
-	O
Hungary	B-LOC
-	O
updated	T-1
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

NBH	B-ORG
trade	T-1
balance	T-1
Jan-May	O
-	O
$	O
934	O
million	O
(	O
Jan-April	O
-	O
$	O
774	O
million	O
)	O

The	O
NBH	B-ORG
is	O
BBB-minus	O
by	O
Duff	O
&	O
Phelps	O
,	O
IBCA	O
and	O
Thomson	O
BankWatch	O
,	O
BB-plus	T-0
by	O
S&P	O
,	O
BA1	T-1
by	O
Moody	O
's	O
Investors	O
Service	O
,	O
BBB+	O
by	O
the	O
Japan	O
Credit	O
Rating	O
Agency	O
.	O

The	O
NBH	T-0
is	O
BBB-minus	O
by	O
Duff	B-ORG
&	I-ORG
Phelps	I-ORG
,	O
IBCA	O
and	O
Thomson	O
BankWatch	O
,	O
BB-plus	O
by	O
S&P	O
,	O
BA1	O
by	O
Moody	O
's	O
Investors	O
Service	O
,	O
BBB+	O
by	O
the	O
Japan	T-1
Credit	T-1
Rating	T-1
Agency	T-1
.	O

The	O
NBH	O
is	O
BBB-minus	O
by	O
Duff	T-0
&	T-0
Phelps	T-0
,	O
IBCA	B-ORG
and	O
Thomson	T-1
BankWatch	O
,	O
BB-plus	O
by	O
S&P	O
,	O
BA1	O
by	O
Moody	O
's	O
Investors	O
Service	O
,	O
BBB+	O
by	O
the	O
Japan	O
Credit	O
Rating	O
Agency	O
.	O

The	O
NBH	O
is	O
BBB-minus	O
by	O
Duff	T-0
&	T-0
Phelps	T-0
,	O
IBCA	T-1
and	O
Thomson	B-ORG
BankWatch	I-ORG
,	O
BB-plus	O
by	O
S&P	O
,	O
BA1	O
by	O
Moody	O
's	O
Investors	O
Service	O
,	O
BBB+	O
by	O
the	O
Japan	T-2
Credit	O
Rating	O
Agency	O
.	O

The	O
NBH	O
is	O
BBB-minus	T-0
by	T-3
Duff	O
&	O
Phelps	O
,	O
IBCA	T-1
and	T-1
Thomson	T-1
BankWatch	T-1
,	O
BB-plus	O
by	T-4
S&P	B-ORG
,	O
BA1	O
by	T-5
Moody	O
's	O
Investors	T-2
Service	T-2
,	O
BBB+	O
by	T-6
the	O
Japan	O
Credit	O
Rating	O
Agency	O
.	O

The	O
NBH	T-2
is	O
BBB-minus	O
by	O
Duff	O
&	O
Phelps	O
,	O
IBCA	O
and	O
Thomson	T-1
BankWatch	T-1
,	O
BB-plus	O
by	O
S&P	O
,	O
BA1	O
by	T-0
Moody	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
Investors	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
,	O
BBB+	O
by	O
the	O
Japan	O
Credit	O
Rating	O
Agency	O
.	O

The	O
NBH	T-0
is	O
BBB-minus	O
by	O
Duff	O
&	O
Phelps	O
,	O
IBCA	O
and	O
Thomson	O
BankWatch	O
,	O
BB-plus	O
by	O
S&P	O
,	O
BA1	O
by	O
Moody	T-1
's	T-1
Investors	T-1
Service	T-1
,	O
BBB+	O
by	O
the	O
Japan	B-ORG
Credit	I-ORG
Rating	I-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
.	O

The	O
NBH	B-ORG
trade	T-1
data	T-1
is	O
based	T-0
on	O
cash	T-2
flow	O
,	O
MIT	O
data	O
on	O
customs	O
statistics	O
.	O

The	O
NBH	O
trade	O
data	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
cash	T-0
flow	T-2
,	O
MIT	B-ORG
data	O
on	O
customs	O
statistics	T-1
.	O

Fifty	O
Russians	B-MISC
die	T-0
in	O
clash	T-1
with	O
rebels-Interfax	O
.	O

At	O
least	O
50	O
Russian	B-MISC
servicemen	T-0
have	O
been	O
killed	T-2
in	O
a	O
battle	O
with	O
separatist	O
rebels	O
which	O
erupted	T-1
in	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
Grozny	O
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
continued	O
after	O
Russia	O
and	O
the	O
rebels	O
agreed	O
a	O
truce	O
,	O
Interfax	O
news	O
agency	O
said	O
.	O

At	O
least	O
50	O
Russian	O
servicemen	O
have	O
been	O
killed	T-0
in	O
a	O
battle	O
with	O
separatist	O
rebels	O
which	O
erupted	T-1
in	O
the	O
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	O
Grozny	O
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
continued	O
after	O
Russia	O
and	O
the	O
rebels	O
agreed	T-2
a	O
truce	O
,	O
Interfax	O
news	O
agency	O
said	T-3
.	O

At	O
least	O
50	O
Russian	O
servicemen	O
have	O
been	O
killed	T-3
in	O
a	O
battle	O
with	O
separatist	O
rebels	O
which	O
erupted	O
in	O
the	O
Chechen	T-1
capital	T-0
Grozny	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
continued	O
after	O
Russia	O
and	O
the	O
rebels	O
agreed	O
a	O
truce	O
,	O
Interfax	T-2
news	O
agency	O
said	O
.	O

At	O
least	O
50	O
Russian	T-3
servicemen	O
have	O
been	O
killed	O
in	O
a	O
battle	O
with	O
separatist	O
rebels	O
which	O
erupted	T-0
in	O
the	O
Chechen	T-1
capital	O
Grozny	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
continued	O
after	O
Russia	B-LOC
and	T-4
the	T-4
rebels	T-4
agreed	T-4
a	T-4
truce	T-4
,	O
Interfax	O
news	O
agency	O
said	O
.	O

At	O
least	O
50	O
Russian	O
servicemen	O
have	O
been	O
killed	T-1
in	O
a	O
battle	O
with	O
separatist	O
rebels	O
which	O
erupted	O
in	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
Grozny	O
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
continued	T-2
after	O
Russia	O
and	O
the	O
rebels	O
agreed	T-3
a	O
truce	O
,	O
Interfax	B-ORG
news	T-0
agency	T-4
said	O
.	O

Interfax	B-ORG
quoted	T-1
Russian	O
military	T-0
command	O
in	O
Chechnya	O
as	O
saying	O
that	O
about	O
200	O
interior	O
ministry	O
forces	O
,	O
sent	O
on	O
reconaisance	O
mission	O
,	O
clashed	O
with	O
rebels	O
at	O
Minutka	O
Square	O
.	O

Interfax	T-1
quoted	T-0
Russian	B-MISC
military	O
command	O
in	O
Chechnya	O
as	O
saying	O
that	O
about	O
200	O
interior	O
ministry	O
forces	O
,	O
sent	O
on	O
reconaisance	O
mission	O
,	O
clashed	O
with	O
rebels	O
at	O
Minutka	O
Square	O
.	O

Interfax	T-0
quoted	O
Russian	O
military	T-1
command	T-1
in	T-2
Chechnya	B-LOC
as	O
saying	O
that	O
about	O
200	O
interior	O
ministry	T-3
forces	O
,	O
sent	O
on	O
reconaisance	O
mission	O
,	O
clashed	O
with	O
rebels	O
at	O
Minutka	O
Square	O
.	O

Interfax	O
quoted	O
Russian	O
military	O
command	T-2
in	O
Chechnya	O
as	O
saying	O
that	O
about	O
200	O
interior	B-ORG
ministry	I-ORG
forces	T-0
,	O
sent	T-1
on	T-1
reconaisance	T-1
mission	T-1
,	O
clashed	T-3
with	O
rebels	O
at	O
Minutka	O
Square	O
.	O

Interfax	T-0
quoted	O
Russian	O
military	O
command	O
in	O
Chechnya	T-1
as	O
saying	O
that	O
about	O
200	O
interior	O
ministry	O
forces	O
,	O
sent	O
on	O
reconaisance	O
mission	O
,	O
clashed	O
with	O
rebels	O
at	T-2
Minutka	B-LOC
Square	I-LOC
.	O

The	T-0
Interfax	B-ORG
report	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
independently	O
confirmed	T-1
.	O

Moscow	B-LOC
peacemaker	T-3
Alexander	O
Lebed	T-0
and	O
rebel	T-1
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	O
Maskhadov	O
signed	T-2
an	O
agreement	O
earlier	O
on	O
Thursday	O
under	O
which	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
would	O
cease	O
all	O
hostilities	O
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	O
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Moscow	T-2
peacemaker	T-2
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
and	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	O
Maskhadov	O
signed	T-3
an	T-3
agreement	T-3
earlier	O
on	O
Thursday	O
under	O
which	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
would	O
cease	T-0
all	O
hostilities	O
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	O
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Moscow	T-3
peacemaker	T-0
Alexander	T-1
Lebed	O
and	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	T-2
Aslan	B-PER
Maskhadov	I-PER
signed	O
an	O
agreement	O
earlier	O
on	O
Thursday	O
under	O
which	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
would	O
cease	O
all	O
hostilities	T-4
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	O
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Moscow	O
peacemaker	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
and	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	O
Maskhadov	O
signed	O
an	O
agreement	O
earlier	O
on	O
Thursday	O
under	O
which	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
would	O
cease	O
all	O
hostilities	O
at	T-0
noon	T-0
(	O
0800	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Interfax	B-ORG
made	T-1
clear	O
that	O
the	O
interior	O
ministry	T-0
detachment	O
had	O
been	O
sent	O
on	O
the	O
mission	O
before	O
the	O
truce	O
deal	O
had	O
been	O
signed	O
at	O
the	O
local	O
equivalent	O
of	O
1500	T-2
GMT	T-2
.	O

Interfax	T-1
made	O
clear	O
that	T-0
the	O
interior	B-ORG
ministry	I-ORG
detachment	O
had	O
been	O
sent	O
on	O
the	O
mission	O
before	O
the	O
truce	O
deal	O
had	O
been	O
signed	O
at	O
the	O
local	O
equivalent	O
of	O
1500	O
GMT	O
.	T-0

Interfax	T-2
made	O
clear	T-0
that	O
the	O
interior	O
ministry	O
detachment	T-3
had	O
been	O
sent	T-1
on	O
the	O
mission	O
before	O
the	O
truce	O
deal	O
had	O
been	O
signed	O
at	O
the	O
local	O
equivalent	O
of	O
1500	O
GMT	B-MISC
.	O

But	O
fierce	O
fighting	T-1
still	O
raged	O
at	T-0
1600	T-0
GMT	B-MISC
,	O
Interfax	T-2
said	O
.	O

But	O
fierce	O
fighting	O
still	O
raged	O
at	O
1600	T-1
GMT	T-1
,	O
Interfax	B-ORG
said	T-0
.	O

It	T-1
quoted	T-1
a	O
source	O
in	T-0
the	T-0
Russian	B-MISC
command	O
in	O
Chechnya	T-2
as	O
saying	O
that	O
the	O
servicemen	O
were	O
outnumbered	O
by	O
the	O
rebels	T-3
.	T-3

It	O
quoted	O
a	O
source	O
in	O
the	O
Russian	T-2
command	T-2
in	T-0
Chechnya	B-LOC
as	O
saying	O
that	O
the	O
servicemen	T-1
were	O
outnumbered	T-3
by	O
the	O
rebels	O
.	O

Polish	B-MISC
schoolgirl	T-1
blackmailer	T-0
wanted	O
textbooks	O
.	O

GDANSK	B-LOC
,	O
Poland	T-0
1996-08-22	O

GDANSK	T-0
,	O
Poland	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

A	O
Polish	B-MISC
schoolgirl	T-0
blackmailed	O
two	O
women	O
with	O
anonymous	O
letters	O
threatening	T-1
death	O
and	O
later	O
explained	O
that	O
she	O
needed	O
money	O
for	O
textbooks	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
13-year-old	O
girl	O
tried	O
to	O
extract	O
60	O
and	O
70	O
zlotys	O
(	O
$	O
22	O
and	O
$	O
26	O
)	O
from	O
two	O
residents	T-0
of	O
Sierakowice	B-LOC
by	O
threatening	O
to	O
take	O
their	O
lives	O
,	O
"	O
a	O
police	O
spokesman	O
said	O
in	O
the	O
nearby	O
northern	O
city	O
of	O
Gdansk	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
13-year-old	O
girl	O
tried	O
to	O
extract	O
60	O
and	O
70	O
zlotys	O
(	O
$	O
22	O
and	O
$	O
26	O
)	O
from	O
two	O
residents	O
of	O
Sierakowice	O
by	O
threatening	T-1
to	O
take	O
their	O
lives	O
,	O
"	O
a	O
police	O
spokesman	O
said	O
in	O
the	O
nearby	T-0
northern	T-0
city	T-0
of	O
Gdansk	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	T-2
.	O

He	O
said	T-0
the	O
women	T-3
reported	O
the	O
blackmail	T-1
letters	O
and	O
police	O
caught	T-2
the	O
girl	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
as	O
she	O
tried	O
to	O
pick	O
up	O
the	O
cash	O
at	O
the	O
Sierakowice	B-LOC
railway	T-4
station	T-4
.	O

"	O
Interviewed	T-1
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
psychologist	T-0
,	O
she	O
said	O
she	O
wanted	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
money	O
for	O
school	O
books	O
and	O
clothes	O
,	O
"	O
spokesman	O
Kazimierz	B-PER
Socha	I-PER
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

"	O
Interviewed	O
in	O
the	O
presence	O
of	O
a	O
psychologist	O
,	O
she	O
said	T-0
she	O
wanted	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
money	O
for	O
school	O
books	O
and	O
clothes	O
,	O
"	O
spokesman	O
Kazimierz	O
Socha	T-1
told	T-2
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

Czech	B-MISC
CNB-120	O
index	T-0
rises	O
1.2	O
pts	O
to	O
869.3	O
.	O

Czech	T-2
CNB-120	B-MISC
index	O
rises	T-0
1.2	O
pts	O
to	O
869.3	T-1
.	O

The	O
CNB-120	B-MISC
index	T-1
,	O
a	O
broad	O
daily	O
measure	O
of	O
Czech	O
equities	T-2
,	O
rose	O
1.2	O
points	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
869.3	O
,	O
the	T-0
Czech	T-0
National	T-0
Bank	T-0
(	T-0
CNB	T-0
)	T-0
said	O
.	O

The	O
CNB-120	O
index	T-1
,	O
a	O
broad	O
daily	T-2
measure	T-2
of	O
Czech	B-MISC
equities	O
,	O
rose	O
1.2	O
points	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
869.3	O
,	O
the	O
Czech	T-0
National	T-0
Bank	T-0
(	O
CNB	O
)	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
CNB-120	T-2
index	O
,	O
a	O
broad	O
daily	O
measure	O
of	O
Czech	O
equities	O
,	O
rose	T-1
1.2	T-1
points	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
869.3	O
,	O
the	O
Czech	B-ORG
National	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
(	O
CNB	O
)	O
said	T-0
.	T-2

The	O
CNB-120	O
index	O
,	O
a	O
broad	O
daily	O
measure	O
of	O
Czech	O
equities	O
,	O
rose	O
1.2	O
points	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
869.3	O
,	O
the	O
Czech	T-1
National	T-1
Bank	T-1
(	O
CNB	B-ORG
)	O
said	T-0
.	O

--	O
Prague	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
,	O
42-2-2423-0003	T-0

Russians	B-MISC
,	O
rebels	O
sign	T-0
deal	O
in	O
Chechnya	O
.	O

Russians	T-1
,	O
rebels	O
sign	T-2
deal	O
in	T-0
Chechnya	B-LOC
.	O

NOVYE	B-LOC
ATAGI	I-LOC
,	O
Russia	T-0
1996-08-22	O

NOVYE	T-0
ATAGI	T-0
,	O
Russia	B-LOC
1996-08-22	T-1

Russian	B-MISC
President	T-0
Boris	O
Yeltsin	O
's	O
security	O
supremo	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
and	O
Chechen	O
rebel	T-1
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	O
Maskhadov	O
signed	T-2
a	T-2
deal	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
aimed	O
at	O
ending	O
three	O
weeks	O
of	O
renewed	O
fighting	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

Russian	O
President	O
Boris	B-PER
Yeltsin	I-PER
's	O
security	T-0
supremo	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
and	O
Chechen	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	O
Maskhadov	O
signed	O
a	O
deal	O
on	O
Thursday	O
aimed	O
at	O
ending	O
three	O
weeks	O
of	O
renewed	O
fighting	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

Russian	T-1
President	T-1
Boris	T-1
Yeltsin	T-1
's	T-1
security	T-2
supremo	T-2
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
and	O
Chechen	T-3
rebel	T-3
chief-of-staff	T-3
Aslan	T-3
Maskhadov	T-3
signed	O
a	O
deal	O
on	O
Thursday	O
aimed	O
at	O
ending	O
three	O
weeks	O
of	O
renewed	O
fighting	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

Russian	T-2
President	T-2
Boris	O
Yeltsin	O
's	O
security	T-1
supremo	T-1
Alexander	T-1
Lebed	T-1
and	T-1
Chechen	B-MISC
rebel	T-0
chief-of-staff	T-0
Aslan	T-0
Maskhadov	T-0
signed	O
a	O
deal	O
on	O
Thursday	O
aimed	O
at	O
ending	O
three	O
weeks	O
of	O
renewed	O
fighting	T-3
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

Russian	O
President	O
Boris	T-0
Yeltsin	T-1
's	O
security	O
supremo	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	T-2
and	O
Chechen	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	T-3
Aslan	B-PER
Maskhadov	I-PER
signed	T-4
a	O
deal	O
on	O
Thursday	O
aimed	O
at	O
ending	O
three	O
weeks	O
of	O
renewed	O
fighting	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

The	O
final	O
contents	O
of	O
the	O
document	O
negotiated	T-1
in	O
this	O
village	O
south	O
of	O
the	O
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	T-0
Grozny	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
officially	O
disclosed	O
.	O

The	O
final	O
contents	T-0
of	O
the	O
document	O
negotiated	T-1
in	O
this	O
village	T-2
south	O
of	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
Grozny	B-LOC
have	O
not	O
been	O
officially	O
disclosed	O
.	O

Itar-Tass	B-ORG
news	O
agency	T-0
said	T-1
it	O
provided	O
for	O
the	O
disengagement	O
of	O
Russian	T-2
and	O
rebel	O
forces	O
in	O
Chechnya	T-3
.	O

Itar-Tass	O
news	O
agency	O
said	O
it	O
provided	T-0
for	O
the	O
disengagement	T-2
of	T-2
Russian	B-MISC
and	O
rebel	O
forces	O
in	T-3
Chechnya	T-1
.	O

Itar-Tass	O
news	O
agency	O
said	O
it	O
provided	O
for	O
the	O
disengagement	T-0
of	O
Russian	O
and	O
rebel	O
forces	T-1
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
.	O

Lebed	B-PER
aide	O
says	O
Russian-Chechen	T-0
talks	O
going	O
well	O
.	O

Lebed	T-1
aide	O
says	T-0
Russian-Chechen	B-MISC
talks	T-2
going	O
well	O
.	O

NOVYE	B-LOC
ATAGI	I-LOC
,	O
Russia	T-0
1996-08-22	O

NOVYE	T-0
ATAGI	T-0
,	O
Russia	B-LOC
1996-08-22	T-1

Talks	T-2
between	O
Russia	B-LOC
's	O
Alexander	T-0
Lebed	T-0
and	O
Chechen	T-1
separatist	T-3
leaders	T-3
were	O
going	O
well	O
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
were	O
working	O
out	O
a	O
detailed	O
schedule	O
on	O
how	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
war	O
,	O
a	O
Lebed	O
aide	O
said	O
.	O

Talks	O
between	T-2
Russia	T-0
's	T-0
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
and	O
Chechen	T-1
separatist	T-3
leaders	O
were	O
going	O
well	O
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
were	O
working	O
out	O
a	O
detailed	O
schedule	O
on	O
how	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
war	O
,	O
a	O
Lebed	O
aide	O
said	O
.	O

Talks	O
between	O
Russia	O
's	O
Alexander	T-1
Lebed	T-1
and	O
Chechen	B-MISC
separatist	T-0
leaders	T-0
were	O
going	O
well	O
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
were	O
working	O
out	O
a	O
detailed	O
schedule	O
on	O
how	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
war	O
,	O
a	O
Lebed	O
aide	O
said	O
.	O

Talks	O
between	O
Russia	O
's	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
and	O
Chechen	O
separatist	O
leaders	O
were	O
going	O
well	O
on	O
Thursday	O
and	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
were	O
working	O
out	O
a	O
detailed	O
schedule	O
on	O
how	O
to	O
stop	O
the	O
war	O
,	O
a	O
Lebed	B-PER
aide	T-0
said	O
.	O

Press	O
spokesman	O
Alexander	B-PER
Barkhatov	I-PER
told	T-1
reporters	O
the	O
negotiations	O
,	O
being	O
held	O
at	O
this	O
rebel-held	O
village	O
some	O
20	O
km	O
(	O
12	O
miles	O
)	O
south	O
of	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
Grozny	O
,	O
were	O
progressing	O
briskly	O
and	O
being	O
conducted	T-0
in	O
a	O
good	O
mood	O
.	O

Press	O
spokesman	O
Alexander	O
Barkhatov	O
told	O
reporters	O
the	O
negotiations	O
,	O
being	O
held	O
at	O
this	O
rebel-held	O
village	O
some	O
20	O
km	O
(	O
12	O
miles	O
)	O
south	O
of	T-4
the	T-4
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	T-0
Grozny	T-1
,	O
were	O
progressing	T-2
briskly	O
and	O
being	O
conducted	T-3
in	O
a	O
good	O
mood	O
.	O

Press	T-0
spokesman	T-0
Alexander	O
Barkhatov	O
told	O
reporters	T-2
the	O
negotiations	O
,	O
being	O
held	O
at	O
this	O
rebel-held	O
village	O
some	O
20	O
km	O
(	O
12	O
miles	O
)	O
south	O
of	O
the	O
Chechen	T-1
capital	T-1
Grozny	B-LOC
,	O
were	O
progressing	O
briskly	O
and	O
being	O
conducted	O
in	O
a	O
good	O
mood	O
.	O

He	O
said	T-0
a	O
document	O
would	O
be	O
completed	O
in	O
an	O
hour	O
's	O
time	O
for	O
signature	O
by	O
the	O
two	O
sides	O
,	O
who	O
were	O
working	O
on	O
a	O
"	O
day-by-day	T-3
schedule	O
to	O
stop	T-1
the	O
war	T-2
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

Yeltsin	B-PER
shown	T-1
on	O
Russian	T-0
television	T-0
.	O

Yeltsin	O
shown	T-0
on	T-0
Russian	B-MISC
television	T-1
.	O

Russian	B-MISC
television	O
showed	T-2
a	O
brief	O
clip	T-1
of	O
Boris	O
Yeltsin	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
president	O
laughing	O
and	O
smiling	O
as	O
he	O
spoke	O
to	O
nominee	O
health	O
minister	O
Tatyana	T-0
Dmitrieva	T-0
.	O

Russian	T-2
television	T-1
showed	O
a	O
brief	O
clip	T-0
of	T-0
Boris	B-PER
Yeltsin	I-PER
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
president	O
laughing	O
and	O
smiling	O
as	O
he	O
spoke	O
to	O
nominee	T-3
health	O
minister	O
Tatyana	T-4
Dmitrieva	T-4
.	O

Russian	O
television	O
showed	O
a	O
brief	O
clip	O
of	O
Boris	O
Yeltsin	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
president	O
laughing	O
and	O
smiling	O
as	O
he	O
spoke	O
to	O
nominee	O
health	O
minister	T-0
Tatyana	B-PER
Dmitrieva	I-PER
.	O

He	O
returned	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
Kremlin	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
a	O
two-day	T-1
break	T-1
in	O
the	O
lakelands	T-2
of	O
northwestern	O
Russia	O
.	O

He	O
returned	T-1
to	O
the	O
Kremlin	O
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
a	O
two-day	O
break	O
in	O
the	O
lakelands	T-2
of	O
northwestern	T-0
Russia	B-LOC
.	O

PRESS	T-0
DIGEST	T-0
-	O
Bosnia	B-LOC
-	O
Aug	O
22	O
.	O

These	O
are	O
the	O
leading	T-0
stories	T-3
in	T-1
the	T-1
Sarajevo	B-LOC
press	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Reuters	B-ORG
has	O
not	O
verified	T-0
these	O
stories	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
vouch	O
for	O
their	O
accuracy	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
Bosnian	B-MISC
federation	T-0
launches	T-2
a	O
common	O
payment	T-1
system	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
new	O
system	O
taxes	O
and	O
customs	O
may	O
be	O
paid	O
in	T-3
the	T-3
Bosnian	B-MISC
dinar	T-4
,	O
the	O
Croatian	T-1
kuna	O
or	O
the	O
Deutsche	T-0
mark	T-0
until	O
a	O
new	O
Bosnian	T-2
currency	O
is	O
introduced	O
.	O

Under	T-3
the	O
new	O
system	O
taxes	O
and	O
customs	O
may	O
be	O
paid	O
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	T-1
dinar	O
,	O
the	O
Croatian	B-MISC
kuna	T-0
or	O
the	O
Deutsche	T-2
mark	O
until	O
a	O
new	O
Bosnian	O
currency	O
is	O
introduced	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
new	O
system	O
taxes	O
and	O
customs	O
may	O
be	O
paid	T-0
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	O
dinar	O
,	O
the	O
Croatian	O
kuna	O
or	O
the	O
Deutsche	T-2
mark	O
until	O
a	O
new	O
Bosnian	B-MISC
currency	O
is	O
introduced	T-1
.	O

-	O
The	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
Bosnian	B-ORG
Association	I-ORG
for	I-ORG
Refugees	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Displaced	I-ORG
Persons	I-ORG
,	O
Mirhunisa	O
Komarica	O
says	O
many	O
survivors	O
of	O
the	O
1995	O
massacre	O
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	O
town	O
of	O
Srebrenica	T-0
are	O
languishing	O
as	O
forced	O
laborers	O
in	O
Serbian	O
mines	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
president	T-0
of	O
the	O
Bosnian	T-1
Association	O
for	O
Refugees	T-2
and	O
Displaced	O
Persons	O
,	O
Mirhunisa	B-PER
Komarica	I-PER
says	O
many	O
survivors	O
of	O
the	O
1995	O
massacre	O
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	O
town	O
of	O
Srebrenica	O
are	O
languishing	O
as	O
forced	O
laborers	O
in	O
Serbian	O
mines	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
Bosnian	O
Association	O
for	O
Refugees	O
and	O
Displaced	O
Persons	O
,	O
Mirhunisa	O
Komarica	O
says	O
many	O
survivors	T-1
of	O
the	O
1995	T-0
massacre	T-0
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	B-MISC
town	T-2
of	O
Srebrenica	T-3
are	O
languishing	O
as	O
forced	O
laborers	O
in	O
Serbian	O
mines	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
Bosnian	T-0
Association	T-0
for	T-0
Refugees	T-0
and	O
Displaced	O
Persons	O
,	O
Mirhunisa	T-3
Komarica	T-3
says	O
many	O
survivors	O
of	O
the	O
1995	T-1
massacre	T-1
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	T-2
town	T-2
of	O
Srebrenica	B-LOC
are	O
languishing	O
as	O
forced	O
laborers	O
in	O
Serbian	O
mines	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
president	O
of	O
the	O
Bosnian	O
Association	O
for	O
Refugees	O
and	O
Displaced	O
Persons	O
,	O
Mirhunisa	T-1
Komarica	T-1
says	O
many	O
survivors	O
of	O
the	O
1995	O
massacre	T-2
in	O
the	O
Bosnian	O
town	O
of	O
Srebrenica	O
are	O
languishing	T-3
as	O
forced	O
laborers	T-0
in	O
Serbian	B-MISC
mines	O
.	O

According	T-0
to	T-0
Komarica	B-PER
,	O
2,400	O
male	O
residents	O
of	O
Srebrenica	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
Trepca	O
mine	O
and	O
1,900	O
work	O
in	O
a	O
mine	O
in	O
Aleksandrovac	O
.	O

According	O
to	O
Komarica	O
,	O
2,400	O
male	O
residents	O
of	T-1
Srebrenica	B-LOC
work	T-0
in	O
the	O
Trepca	O
mine	O
and	O
1,900	O
work	O
in	O
a	O
mine	O
in	O
Aleksandrovac	O
.	O

According	O
to	O
Komarica	T-1
,	O
2,400	O
male	O
residents	O
of	O
Srebrenica	O
work	T-0
in	O
the	O
Trepca	B-LOC
mine	O
and	O
1,900	O
work	O
in	O
a	O
mine	O
in	O
Aleksandrovac	O
.	O

According	O
to	O
Komarica	O
,	O
2,400	O
male	O
residents	T-1
of	O
Srebrenica	O
work	O
in	O
the	O
Trepca	O
mine	O
and	O
1,900	O
work	O
in	O
a	O
mine	T-0
in	O
Aleksandrovac	B-LOC
.	O

-	O
Slovenian	B-MISC
police	T-0
briefly	O
detain	O
two	O
Bosnian	O
opposition	O
leaders	O
in	O
Ljubljana	O
and	O
cancel	O
opposition	O
political	O
rallies	O
in	O
Ljubljana	O
and	O
Maribor	O
.	O

-	O
Slovenian	O
police	O
briefly	O
detain	T-1
two	T-1
Bosnian	B-MISC
opposition	T-0
leaders	O
in	O
Ljubljana	O
and	O
cancel	O
opposition	O
political	O
rallies	O
in	O
Ljubljana	O
and	O
Maribor	O
.	O

-	O
Slovenian	O
police	O
briefly	O
detain	O
two	O
Bosnian	O
opposition	O
leaders	O
in	O
Ljubljana	B-LOC
and	O
cancel	O
opposition	O
political	O
rallies	T-0
in	O
Ljubljana	O
and	O
Maribor	O
.	O

-	O
Slovenian	O
police	O
briefly	O
detain	T-1
two	O
Bosnian	O
opposition	O
leaders	O
in	O
Ljubljana	O
and	O
cancel	T-0
opposition	O
political	O
rallies	T-2
in	T-2
Ljubljana	B-LOC
and	O
Maribor	O
.	O

-	O
Slovenian	T-2
police	O
briefly	O
detain	O
two	O
Bosnian	O
opposition	O
leaders	O
in	O
Ljubljana	T-0
and	O
cancel	O
opposition	T-1
political	O
rallies	O
in	O
Ljubljana	T-3
and	O
Maribor	B-LOC
.	O

--	O
Sarajevo	B-LOC
newsroom	T-0
,	O
+387-71-663-864	O
.	O

Grozny	B-LOC
quiet	T-2
overnight	O
after	T-0
raids	T-1
.	O

ALKHAN-YURT	B-LOC
,	O
Russia	T-0
1996-08-22	O

ALKHAN-YURT	T-0
,	O
Russia	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

The	O
city	O
of	O
Grozny	B-LOC
,	O
pounded	O
by	O
Russian	O
planes	T-0
and	O
artillery	O
for	O
hours	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
calmed	O
down	O
overnight	O
,	O
although	O
sporadic	O
explosions	O
and	O
shooting	O
could	O
still	O
be	O
heard	O
.	O

The	O
city	T-1
of	T-1
Grozny	T-1
,	O
pounded	T-2
by	O
Russian	B-MISC
planes	O
and	O
artillery	T-3
for	O
hours	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
calmed	O
down	O
overnight	O
,	O
although	O
sporadic	O
explosions	T-4
and	O
shooting	T-0
could	O
still	O
be	O
heard	O
.	O

Reuters	O
correspondent	T-0
Lawrence	B-PER
Sheets	I-PER
,	O
speaking	T-1
from	O
the	O
nearby	O
village	O
of	O
Alkhan-Yurt	T-2
,	O
said	T-4
he	O
had	O
heard	O
little	O
from	O
Grozny	T-3
since	O
Wednesday	O
evening	O
's	O
arrival	O
of	O
Russian	O
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
,	O
who	O
said	O
he	O
"	O
came	T-5
with	T-5
peace	T-5
"	O
.	O

Reuters	O
correspondent	O
Lawrence	O
Sheets	O
,	O
speaking	O
from	O
the	O
nearby	O
village	T-0
of	O
Alkhan-Yurt	B-LOC
,	O
said	O
he	O
had	O
heard	O
little	O
from	O
Grozny	O
since	O
Wednesday	O
evening	O
's	O
arrival	O
of	O
Russian	O
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
,	O
who	O
said	O
he	O
"	O
came	O
with	O
peace	O
"	O
.	O

Reuters	O
correspondent	O
Lawrence	O
Sheets	O
,	O
speaking	O
from	O
the	O
nearby	O
village	O
of	O
Alkhan-Yurt	O
,	O
said	O
he	O
had	O
heard	O
little	O
from	T-0
Grozny	B-LOC
since	O
Wednesday	O
evening	O
's	O
arrival	O
of	O
Russian	O
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
,	O
who	O
said	O
he	O
"	O
came	T-1
with	T-1
peace	T-1
"	O
.	O

Reuters	O
correspondent	O
Lawrence	O
Sheets	O
,	O
speaking	O
from	O
the	O
nearby	O
village	O
of	O
Alkhan-Yurt	O
,	O
said	O
he	O
had	O
heard	O
little	O
from	O
Grozny	O
since	O
Wednesday	O
evening	O
's	O
arrival	T-0
of	T-1
Russian	B-MISC
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
,	O
who	O
said	O
he	O
"	O
came	O
with	O
peace	O
"	O
.	O

Reuters	O
correspondent	T-1
Lawrence	O
Sheets	O
,	O
speaking	O
from	O
the	O
nearby	O
village	O
of	O
Alkhan-Yurt	O
,	O
said	O
he	O
had	O
heard	O
little	O
from	O
Grozny	O
since	O
Wednesday	O
evening	O
's	O
arrival	O
of	O
Russian	T-2
security	T-2
chief	T-2
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
,	O
who	T-0
said	T-3
he	O
"	O
came	O
with	O
peace	O
"	O
.	O

Lebed	B-PER
said	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
he	O
had	O
clinched	T-0
a	O
truce	O
with	O
Chechen	T-1
separatists	O
and	O
he	O
promised	O
to	O
halt	O
a	O
threatened	O
bombing	O
assault	O
on	O
Grozny	T-2
,	O
which	O
the	O
rebels	O
have	O
held	O
since	O
August	O
6	O
.	O

Lebed	T-0
said	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
he	O
had	O
clinched	O
a	O
truce	O
with	O
Chechen	B-MISC
separatists	O
and	O
he	O
promised	T-1
to	O
halt	O
a	O
threatened	O
bombing	O
assault	O
on	O
Grozny	O
,	O
which	O
the	O
rebels	O
have	O
held	O
since	O
August	O
6	O
.	O

Lebed	T-0
said	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
he	O
had	O
clinched	O
a	O
truce	O
with	O
Chechen	O
separatists	T-2
and	O
he	O
promised	O
to	O
halt	O
a	O
threatened	O
bombing	O
assault	T-1
on	O
Grozny	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
the	O
rebels	O
have	O
held	O
since	O
August	O
6	O
.	O

Boat	T-1
passengers	T-1
rescued	T-2
off	O
Colombian	B-MISC
coast	T-0
.	O

BOGOTA	B-LOC
,	O
Colombia	T-0
1996-08-22	O

BOGOTA	T-0
,	O
Colombia	B-LOC
1996-08-22	O

Colombia	B-LOC
's	O
Coast	O
Guard	O
on	O
Thursday	O
rescued	O
12	O
people	O
lost	O
for	O
three	O
days	O
in	O
an	O
open	O
boat	O
off	T-0
the	T-0
Pacific	T-0
coast	T-0
,	O
officials	O
said	O
.	O

Colombia	O
's	O
Coast	B-ORG
Guard	I-ORG
on	O
Thursday	O
rescued	O
12	O
people	O
lost	O
for	O
three	O
days	T-0
in	O
an	O
open	O
boat	O
off	O
the	O
Pacific	T-1
coast	T-1
,	O
officials	O
said	O
.	O

Colombia	T-0
's	O
Coast	O
Guard	O
on	O
Thursday	O
rescued	O
12	O
people	O
lost	O
for	O
three	O
days	O
in	O
an	O
open	O
boat	O
off	O
the	O
Pacific	B-LOC
coast	O
,	O
officials	T-1
said	O
.	O

The	O
boat	T-2
had	O
been	O
missing	O
since	O
Monday	O
afternoon	O
when	O
it	O
left	O
the	O
tiny	O
island	O
of	T-0
Gorgona	B-LOC
off	T-1
Colombia	O
's	O
southwest	O
coast	O
with	O
sightseers	O
for	O
a	O
return	O
trip	O
to	O
Narino	O
province	O
,	O
near	O
the	O
border	O
with	O
Ecuador	O
.	O

The	O
boat	O
had	O
been	O
missing	O
since	O
Monday	O
afternoon	O
when	O
it	O
left	O
the	O
tiny	O
island	T-3
of	O
Gorgona	T-0
off	O
Colombia	B-LOC
's	O
southwest	T-4
coast	T-4
with	O
sightseers	O
for	O
a	O
return	O
trip	O
to	O
Narino	T-1
province	O
,	O
near	O
the	O
border	O
with	O
Ecuador	T-2
.	O

The	O
boat	T-2
had	O
been	O
missing	T-0
since	O
Monday	O
afternoon	O
when	O
it	O
left	O
the	O
tiny	O
island	O
of	O
Gorgona	O
off	O
Colombia	T-3
's	O
southwest	O
coast	O
with	O
sightseers	O
for	O
a	O
return	O
trip	T-1
to	O
Narino	B-LOC
province	T-4
,	O
near	O
the	O
border	O
with	O
Ecuador	O
.	O

The	O
boat	O
had	O
been	O
missing	O
since	O
Monday	O
afternoon	O
when	O
it	O
left	O
the	O
tiny	O
island	O
of	O
Gorgona	O
off	O
Colombia	T-1
's	O
southwest	O
coast	O
with	O
sightseers	O
for	O
a	O
return	O
trip	O
to	O
Narino	T-2
province	T-2
,	O
near	O
the	O
border	T-0
with	T-3
Ecuador	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
boat	T-0
ran	O
out	O
of	O
fuel	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
radio	T-1
to	O
call	O
for	O
help	O
,	O
Navy	B-ORG
spokesman	T-2
Lt.	O
Italo	O
Pineda	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
boat	O
ran	T-0
out	T-0
of	O
fuel	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
radio	O
to	O
call	O
for	O
help	O
,	O
Navy	O
spokesman	T-1
Lt.	O
Italo	B-PER
Pineda	I-PER
said	T-2
.	O

The	O
boat	O
was	O
towed	O
to	O
the	O
port	T-0
city	T-1
of	T-1
Buenaventura	B-LOC
.	O

Argentine	B-MISC
July	O
raw	T-1
steel	T-1
output	T-0
up	O
14.8	O
pct	O
vs	O
'	O
95	O
.	O

Argentine	B-MISC
raw	T-3
steel	O
output	O
was	O
355,900	O
tonnes	O
in	O
July	O
,	O
14.8	O
percent	O
higher	O
than	O
in	O
July	O
1995	O
and	O
up	O
1.9	O
percent	O
from	O
June	T-0
,	O
Steel	T-1
Industry	T-1
Center	T-1
said	O
Thursday	O
.	T-2

--	O
Jason	B-PER
Webb	I-PER
,	O
Buenos	T-0
Aires	T-0
Newsroom	O
+541	O
318-0655	O

--	O
Jason	T-0
Webb	T-0
,	O
Buenos	B-ORG
Aires	I-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+541	T-1
318-0655	T-1

Peru	B-LOC
's	O
guerrillas	T-0
kill	T-1
one	O
,	O
take	T-2
8	O
hostage	T-3
in	O
jungle	T-4
.	O

LIMA	B-LOC
,	O
Peru	T-0
1996-08-21	O

LIMA	T-0
,	O
Peru	B-LOC
1996-08-21	O

Peruvian	B-MISC
guerrillas	T-1
killed	T-0
one	O
man	O
and	O
took	O
eight	O
people	O
hostage	O
after	O
taking	O
over	O
a	O
village	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
northeastern	O
jungle	O
region	O
,	O
anti-	O
terrorist	O
police	O
sources	O
said	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

For	O
three	O
hours	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
around	O
100	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
Maoist	B-MISC
rebel	T-0
group	O
Shining	O
Path	O
took	O
control	T-1
of	O
Alomella	O
Robles	O
,	O
a	O
small	O
village	O
about	O
345	O
miles	O
(	O
550	O
km	O
)	O
northeast	O
of	O
Lima	O
,	O
the	O
sources	O
said	O
.	O

For	O
three	O
hours	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
around	O
100	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
Maoist	O
rebel	O
group	T-1
Shining	B-ORG
Path	I-ORG
took	O
control	O
of	O
Alomella	T-0
Robles	T-0
,	O
a	O
small	O
village	O
about	O
345	O
miles	O
(	O
550	O
km	O
)	O
northeast	O
of	O
Lima	O
,	O
the	O
sources	O
said	O
.	O

For	O
three	O
hours	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
around	O
100	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
Maoist	T-0
rebel	T-0
group	T-0
Shining	O
Path	O
took	O
control	O
of	O
Alomella	B-LOC
Robles	I-LOC
,	O
a	O
small	O
village	O
about	O
345	O
miles	O
(	O
550	O
km	O
)	O
northeast	O
of	O
Lima	O
,	O
the	O
sources	O
said	O
.	O

For	O
three	O
hours	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
around	O
100	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
Maoist	O
rebel	O
group	O
Shining	O
Path	O
took	O
control	O
of	O
Alomella	O
Robles	O
,	O
a	O
small	O
village	O
about	O
345	O
miles	O
(	O
550	O
km	O
)	O
northeast	T-0
of	O
Lima	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
sources	O
said	O
.	O

In	O
recent	O
months	O
the	O
Shining	B-ORG
Path	I-ORG
,	O
severely	O
weakened	T-1
since	O
the	O
1992	O
capture	O
of	O
its	T-0
leader	T-0
Abimael	O
Guzman	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
stepping	O
up	O
both	O
its	O
military	O
and	O
propaganda	O
activities	O
.	O

In	O
recent	O
months	O
the	O
Shining	T-0
Path	T-0
,	O
severely	O
weakened	O
since	O
the	O
1992	T-2
capture	T-2
of	O
its	O
leader	T-3
Abimael	B-PER
Guzman	I-PER
,	O
has	T-1
been	T-1
stepping	T-1
up	T-1
both	O
its	O
military	O
and	O
propaganda	T-4
activities	O
.	O

Peru	B-LOC
's	O
guerrilla	T-1
conflicts	O
have	O
cost	O
at	O
least	O
30,000	O
lives	O
and	O
$	O
25	O
billion	O
in	O
damage	O
to	O
infrastructure	T-0
since	O
1980	O
.	O

Former	T-1
Surinam	B-LOC
rebel	O
leader	T-0
held	O
after	O
shooting	O
.	O

PARAMARIBO	O
,	O
Surinam	B-LOC
1996-08-21	T-0

Flamboyant	O
former	T-0
Surinamese	B-MISC
rebel	O
leader	O
Ronny	O
Brunswijk	O
was	O
in	O
custody	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
charged	O
with	O
attempted	O
murder	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

Flamboyant	T-0
former	O
Surinamese	T-1
rebel	T-1
leader	T-2
Ronny	B-PER
Brunswijk	I-PER
was	O
in	O
custody	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
charged	O
with	O
attempted	O
murder	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

Brunswijk	B-PER
turned	T-2
himself	O
into	O
police	O
after	O
Freddy	T-0
Pinas	O
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	O
visitor	O
from	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
,	O
accused	T-1
Brunswijk	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
kill	O
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	O
town	O
of	O
Moengo	O
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	O
of	O
Paramaribo	O
,	O
said	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	O
Gajadhar	O
.	O

Brunswijk	O
turned	T-1
himself	T-1
into	O
police	T-2
after	O
Freddy	B-PER
Pinas	I-PER
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	T-0
visitor	T-0
from	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
,	O
accused	O
Brunswijk	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
kill	O
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	O
town	O
of	O
Moengo	O
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	O
of	O
Paramaribo	O
,	O
said	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	O
Gajadhar	O
.	O

Brunswijk	O
turned	O
himself	O
into	O
police	O
after	O
Freddy	T-0
Pinas	T-0
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	B-MISC
visitor	T-6
from	O
the	O
Netherlands	T-5
,	O
accused	O
Brunswijk	T-1
of	O
trying	O
to	O
kill	O
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	O
town	O
of	O
Moengo	T-2
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	O
of	O
Paramaribo	T-3
,	O
said	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	T-4
Gajadhar	T-4
.	O

Brunswijk	O
turned	O
himself	O
into	O
police	O
after	O
Freddy	O
Pinas	O
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	T-1
visitor	O
from	T-4
the	T-4
Netherlands	B-LOC
,	O
accused	O
Brunswijk	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
kill	T-0
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	O
town	O
of	O
Moengo	T-2
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	O
of	O
Paramaribo	T-3
,	O
said	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	O
Gajadhar	O
.	T-1

Brunswijk	O
turned	O
himself	O
into	O
police	O
after	O
Freddy	O
Pinas	O
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	T-3
visitor	O
from	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
,	O
accused	T-0
Brunswijk	B-PER
of	O
trying	O
to	O
kill	T-1
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	O
town	O
of	O
Moengo	T-2
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	O
of	O
Paramaribo	O
,	O
said	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	O
Gajadhar	O
.	T-3

Brunswijk	O
turned	T-0
himself	O
into	O
police	O
after	O
Freddy	O
Pinas	O
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	O
visitor	O
from	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
,	O
accused	T-2
Brunswijk	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
kill	T-3
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	T-1
town	T-5
of	T-5
Moengo	B-LOC
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	O
of	O
Paramaribo	O
,	O
said	T-4
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	O
Gajadhar	O
.	O

Brunswijk	T-2
turned	O
himself	O
into	O
police	O
after	O
Freddy	T-7
Pinas	T-7
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	O
visitor	O
from	O
the	O
Netherlands	T-3
,	O
accused	T-9
Brunswijk	T-4
of	O
trying	T-0
to	T-0
kill	T-0
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	T-1
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	O
town	O
of	O
Moengo	T-5
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	T-8
of	O
Paramaribo	B-LOC
,	O
said	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	T-6
Gajadhar	T-6
.	O

Brunswijk	T-1
turned	T-2
himself	O
into	O
police	T-0
after	O
Freddy	O
Pinas	O
,	O
a	O
Surinamese-born	O
visitor	T-5
from	O
the	O
Netherlands	O
,	O
accused	O
Brunswijk	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
kill	T-6
him	O
on	O
Sunday	O
after	O
a	O
bar-room	O
brawl	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
mining	T-3
town	O
of	O
Moengo	O
,	O
about	O
56	O
miles	O
(	O
90	O
km	O
)	O
east	O
of	O
Paramaribo	O
,	O
said	T-4
police	O
spokesman	O
Ro	B-PER
Gajadhar	I-PER
.	O

Pinas	B-PER
,	O
showing	O
cuts	O
and	O
bruises	O
on	O
his	O
face	T-1
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
the	O
former	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
feared	O
Jungle	T-0
Command	O
had	O
tried	O
and	O
failed	O
to	O
shoot	O
him	O
after	O
Pinas	O
objected	O
to	O
Brunswijk	T-2
's	T-2
advances	O
toward	O
his	O
wife	O
.	O

Pinas	O
,	O
showing	T-0
cuts	O
and	O
bruises	O
on	O
his	O
face	O
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
the	O
former	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
feared	T-1
Jungle	B-ORG
Command	I-ORG
had	T-2
tried	O
and	O
failed	O
to	O
shoot	O
him	O
after	O
Pinas	O
objected	O
to	O
Brunswijk	O
's	O
advances	O
toward	O
his	O
wife	O
.	O

Pinas	T-0
,	O
showing	O
cuts	O
and	O
bruises	O
on	O
his	O
face	O
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
the	O
former	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
feared	O
Jungle	T-2
Command	T-2
had	O
tried	O
and	O
failed	O
to	O
shoot	O
him	T-4
after	O
Pinas	B-PER
objected	O
to	O
Brunswijk	T-3
's	T-1
advances	O
toward	O
his	O
wife	O
.	O

Pinas	O
,	O
showing	O
cuts	T-0
and	O
bruises	O
on	O
his	O
face	O
,	O
told	T-1
reporters	O
the	O
former	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
feared	O
Jungle	O
Command	O
had	O
tried	T-2
and	O
failed	T-3
to	O
shoot	O
him	O
after	O
Pinas	O
objected	T-4
to	O
Brunswijk	B-PER
's	T-5
advances	T-5
toward	T-5
his	T-5
wife	T-5
.	O

Pinas	B-PER
said	T-0
Brunswijk	O
then	O
ordered	O
his	O
bodyguards	O
to	O
beat	O
him	O
up	O
.	O

Pinas	T-2
said	O
Brunswijk	B-PER
then	O
ordered	T-0
his	O
bodyguards	T-3
to	O
beat	T-1
him	T-1
up	T-1
.	O

Brunswijk	B-PER
,	O
35	O
,	O
denied	T-2
the	O
charges	T-0
and	O
said	T-3
he	T-3
had	O
merely	O
defended	O
himself	O
when	O
Pinas	T-1
attacked	O
him	O
with	O
a	O
bottle	O
.	O

Brunswijk	O
,	O
35	O
,	O
denied	T-0
the	O
charges	O
and	O
said	O
he	O
had	O
merely	O
defended	O
himself	O
when	O
Pinas	B-PER
attacked	T-1
him	T-1
with	T-1
a	T-1
bottle	T-1
.	O

It	O
was	O
the	T-2
second	T-2
time	T-2
Brunswijk	B-PER
had	T-1
been	T-1
charged	T-3
with	O
attempted	O
murder	T-0
in	O
less	O
than	O
two	O
years	O
.	O

Brunswijk	B-PER
led	O
a	O
rebel	O
group	O
of	O
about	O
1,000	T-0
in	O
a	O
1986	O
uprising	O
against	O
the	O
regime	O
of	O
military	O
strongman	O
Desi	O
Bouterse	O
.	T-0

Brunswijk	O
led	O
a	O
rebel	O
group	O
of	O
about	O
1,000	O
in	O
a	O
1986	T-1
uprising	T-1
against	O
the	O
regime	T-0
of	O
military	O
strongman	O
Desi	B-PER
Bouterse	I-PER
.	O

The	O
conflict	O
,	O
which	O
killed	O
more	O
than	O
500	O
and	O
caused	O
thousands	O
to	O
flee	O
to	O
neighbouring	T-0
French	B-LOC
Guiana	I-LOC
in	O
the	O
late	O
1980s	O
,	O
eventually	O
paved	T-1
the	O
way	O
to	O
democratic	O
elections	O
in	O
1991	O
.	O

Despite	O
numerous	T-2
problems	T-2
with	O
authorities	T-0
,	O
Brunswijk	B-PER
went	T-1
on	O
to	O
become	O
a	O
successful	O
businessman	O
with	O
mining	O
and	O
logging	O
interests	O
.	O

Noisy	T-0
saw	O
leads	T-2
Thai	B-MISC
police	T-1
to	O
heroin	O
hideaway	O
.	O

A	T-0
Hong	B-LOC
Kong	I-LOC
carpenter	O
was	O
arrested	T-1
in	O
the	O
Thai	T-2
seaside	T-2
town	T-2
of	T-2
Pattaya	T-2
after	O
police	O
seized	O
18	O
kg	O
(	O
39.7	O
pounds	O
)	O
of	O
heroin	O
following	O
complaints	O
by	O
residents	O
of	O
a	O
noisy	O
saw	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

A	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
carpenter	O
was	O
arrested	O
in	O
the	O
Thai	B-MISC
seaside	T-0
town	O
of	O
Pattaya	O
after	O
police	O
seized	O
18	O
kg	O
(	O
39.7	O
pounds	O
)	O
of	O
heroin	O
following	T-1
complaints	T-2
by	O
residents	O
of	O
a	O
noisy	O
saw	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

A	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
carpenter	O
was	O
arrested	T-0
in	O
the	O
Thai	O
seaside	T-1
town	T-2
of	T-2
Pattaya	B-LOC
after	O
police	O
seized	O
18	O
kg	O
(	O
39.7	O
pounds	O
)	O
of	O
heroin	O
following	O
complaints	O
by	O
residents	O
of	O
a	O
noisy	O
saw	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Cheung	B-PER
Siu	I-PER
Man	I-PER
,	O
40	T-1
,	O
was	O
arrested	T-0
late	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
after	O
police	O
searched	O
a	O
house	O
and	O
found	O
heroin	O
in	O
bags	O
and	O
hidden	O
in	O
hollow	O
spaces	O
in	O
wooden	O
planks	O
,	O
police	O
said	O
.	O

Cheung	B-PER
was	O
being	O
detained	T-1
pending	O
formal	O
charges	O
,	O
police	O
said	T-0
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
foreign	T-0
minister	O
arrives	O
in	O
China	O
.	O

Australia	O
foreign	T-0
minister	T-0
arrives	O
in	T-1
China	B-LOC
.	O

Australian	B-MISC
Foreign	T-1
Minister	T-1
Alexander	O
Downer	T-0
arrived	O
in	O
Beijing	O
on	O
Thursday	O
for	O
a	O
four-day	O
visit	O
that	O
follows	O
rising	O
friction	O
between	O
the	T-2
two	T-2
nations	T-2
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
.	T-0

Australian	T-0
Foreign	T-0
Minister	T-0
Alexander	B-PER
Downer	I-PER
arrived	T-1
in	O
Beijing	O
on	O
Thursday	O
for	O
a	O
four-day	O
visit	O
that	O
follows	O
rising	O
friction	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
nations	O
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
.	O

Australian	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Alexander	T-3
Downer	T-3
arrived	T-0
in	O
Beijing	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
for	O
a	O
four-day	O
visit	T-1
that	O
follows	O
rising	T-2
friction	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
nations	O
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
.	O

Downer	B-PER
was	O
to	O
meet	T-0
Chinese	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Qian	T-4
Qichen	T-4
and	O
sign	O
an	O
agreement	T-1
on	O
an	O
Australian	O
consulate	O
in	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
,	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	T-3
embassy	T-3
in	O
Beijing	O
said	T-2
.	O

Downer	T-2
was	O
to	O
meet	T-0
Chinese	B-MISC
Foreign	T-1
Minister	T-1
Qian	O
Qichen	O
and	O
sign	O
an	O
agreement	O
on	O
an	O
Australian	O
consulate	O
in	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
,	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
embassy	O
in	O
Beijing	O
said	O
.	O

Downer	O
was	O
to	O
meet	O
Chinese	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Qian	B-PER
Qichen	I-PER
and	O
sign	O
an	O
agreement	O
on	O
an	O
Australian	T-3
consulate	T-0
in	O
Hong	T-2
Kong	T-2
,	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
embassy	O
in	O
Beijing	O
said	T-1
.	O

Downer	O
was	O
to	O
meet	O
Chinese	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Qian	O
Qichen	O
and	O
sign	T-1
an	T-1
agreement	T-1
on	T-1
an	O
Australian	B-MISC
consulate	T-0
in	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
,	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
embassy	O
in	O
Beijing	O
said	O
.	O

Downer	O
was	O
to	O
meet	T-0
Chinese	T-4
Foreign	T-4
Minister	T-4
Qian	T-4
Qichen	T-4
and	O
sign	T-1
an	O
agreement	O
on	O
an	O
Australian	T-5
consulate	T-5
in	O
Hong	B-LOC
Kong	I-LOC
,	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
embassy	O
in	O
Beijing	T-3
said	T-2
.	O

Downer	O
was	O
to	O
meet	O
Chinese	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Qian	O
Qichen	T-1
and	O
sign	O
an	O
agreement	O
on	O
an	O
Australian	T-3
consulate	T-3
in	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
,	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	T-0
Australian	B-MISC
embassy	T-4
in	O
Beijing	O
said	T-2
.	O

Downer	O
was	O
to	O
meet	O
Chinese	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Qian	O
Qichen	O
and	O
sign	O
an	O
agreement	O
on	O
an	O
Australian	O
consulate	O
in	O
Hong	O
Kong	O
,	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Australian	O
embassy	T-0
in	O
Beijing	B-LOC
said	T-1
.	O

China	B-LOC
will	O
resume	O
sovereignty	O
over	O
Hong	T-0
Kong	T-0
,	O
a	O
British	T-1
colony	T-1
,	O
in	O
mid-1997	O
.	O

China	O
will	O
resume	T-1
sovereignty	T-1
over	O
Hong	B-LOC
Kong	I-LOC
,	O
a	O
British	T-2
colony	T-2
,	O
in	O
mid-1997	O
.	O

China	O
will	O
resume	O
sovereignty	T-2
over	T-0
Hong	O
Kong	O
,	O
a	O
British	B-MISC
colony	T-1
,	O
in	O
mid-1997	T-3
.	O

Relations	O
between	O
China	B-LOC
and	O
Australia	O
have	O
been	O
strained	T-0
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
because	O
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
plan	O
to	O
sell	O
uranium	T-1
to	O
China	O
's	O
rival	O
Taiwan	O
.	O

Relations	T-0
between	T-0
China	T-0
and	T-0
Australia	B-LOC
have	O
been	O
strained	O
in	O
recent	T-1
weeks	O
because	O
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
plan	O
to	O
sell	O
uranium	O
to	O
China	O
's	O
rival	O
Taiwan	O
.	O

Relations	T-3
between	O
China	T-4
and	O
Australia	T-5
have	O
been	O
strained	O
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
because	T-0
of	T-0
Australia	B-LOC
's	T-2
plan	T-2
to	T-1
sell	T-1
uranium	T-1
to	O
China	O
's	O
rival	O
Taiwan	O
.	O

Relations	O
between	O
China	T-2
and	O
Australia	T-3
have	O
been	O
strained	O
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
because	O
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
plan	O
to	O
sell	O
uranium	T-0
to	T-1
China	B-LOC
's	O
rival	O
Taiwan	O
.	O

Relations	O
between	O
China	O
and	O
Australia	O
have	O
been	O
strained	O
in	O
recent	O
weeks	O
because	O
of	O
Australia	O
's	O
plan	O
to	O
sell	O
uranium	T-0
to	O
China	T-2
's	T-2
rival	T-2
Taiwan	B-LOC
.	O

Other	O
issues	O
affecting	O
ties	O
include	O
plans	O
by	T-0
an	T-0
Australian	B-MISC
cabinet	O
minister	O
to	O
visit	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
a	O
security	O
pact	O
between	O
Canberra	O
and	O
Washington	O
and	O
a	O
possible	O
visit	O
to	O
Australia	O
next	O
month	O
by	O
Tibet	O
's	O
exiled	O
spiritual	O
leader	O
the	O
Dalai	O
Lama	O
.	O

Other	O
issues	O
affecting	O
ties	O
include	O
plans	O
by	O
an	O
Australian	T-1
cabinet	T-1
minister	O
to	O
visit	O
Taiwan	B-LOC
,	O
a	O
security	O
pact	T-2
between	O
Canberra	T-0
and	O
Washington	T-3
and	O
a	O
possible	O
visit	O
to	O
Australia	O
next	O
month	O
by	O
Tibet	O
's	O
exiled	O
spiritual	O
leader	O
the	O
Dalai	O
Lama	O
.	O

Other	O
issues	T-1
affecting	O
ties	O
include	O
plans	O
by	O
an	O
Australian	O
cabinet	O
minister	O
to	O
visit	O
Taiwan	T-2
,	O
a	O
security	O
pact	O
between	O
Canberra	B-LOC
and	T-0
Washington	T-3
and	O
a	O
possible	O
visit	O
to	O
Australia	O
next	O
month	O
by	O
Tibet	O
's	O
exiled	O
spiritual	O
leader	O
the	O
Dalai	O
Lama	O
.	O

Other	O
issues	T-3
affecting	O
ties	O
include	O
plans	O
by	O
an	O
Australian	T-0
cabinet	T-0
minister	T-0
to	O
visit	T-4
Taiwan	T-1
,	O
a	O
security	O
pact	O
between	O
Canberra	T-5
and	O
Washington	B-LOC
and	O
a	O
possible	O
visit	O
to	O
Australia	O
next	T-2
month	T-2
by	O
Tibet	O
's	O
exiled	O
spiritual	O
leader	O
the	O
Dalai	O
Lama	O
.	O

Other	O
issues	O
affecting	O
ties	O
include	O
plans	O
by	O
an	O
Australian	O
cabinet	T-2
minister	T-2
to	O
visit	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
a	O
security	O
pact	O
between	O
Canberra	O
and	O
Washington	O
and	O
a	O
possible	T-0
visit	O
to	O
Australia	B-LOC
next	O
month	O
by	O
Tibet	O
's	O
exiled	T-1
spiritual	O
leader	O
the	O
Dalai	O
Lama	O
.	O

Other	O
issues	O
affecting	O
ties	O
include	O
plans	O
by	O
an	O
Australian	O
cabinet	T-0
minister	T-0
to	O
visit	T-1
Taiwan	O
,	O
a	O
security	T-2
pact	T-2
between	O
Canberra	O
and	O
Washington	O
and	O
a	O
possible	O
visit	O
to	O
Australia	O
next	O
month	O
by	T-3
Tibet	B-LOC
's	O
exiled	O
spiritual	O
leader	O
the	O
Dalai	O
Lama	O
.	O

Other	O
issues	O
affecting	O
ties	O
include	O
plans	O
by	O
an	O
Australian	O
cabinet	O
minister	O
to	O
visit	O
Taiwan	O
,	O
a	O
security	O
pact	O
between	O
Canberra	O
and	O
Washington	O
and	O
a	O
possible	O
visit	O
to	O
Australia	O
next	O
month	O
by	O
Tibet	O
's	O
exiled	O
spiritual	O
leader	T-0
the	O
Dalai	B-PER
Lama	I-PER
.	O

Downer	B-PER
is	O
the	O
first	O
Australian	T-3
minister	T-3
to	O
visit	O
China	T-1
since	O
the	O
new	O
conservative	O
government	O
took	O
office	O
in	O
Canberra	T-2
in	O
March	O
.	O

Downer	T-0
is	O
the	O
first	O
Australian	B-MISC
minister	T-2
to	O
visit	T-1
China	T-1
since	O
the	O
new	O
conservative	O
government	O
took	O
office	O
in	O
Canberra	O
in	O
March	O
.	O

Downer	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
Australian	O
minister	T-2
to	O
visit	T-1
China	B-LOC
since	O
the	O
new	O
conservative	O
government	O
took	T-0
office	O
in	O
Canberra	O
in	O
March	O
.	O

Downer	O
is	O
the	O
first	T-1
Australian	T-0
minister	O
to	O
visit	T-2
China	O
since	O
the	O
new	O
conservative	O
government	O
took	O
office	O
in	O
Canberra	B-LOC
in	O
March	O
.	O

Palestinians	B-MISC
accuse	T-1
PA	T-0
of	O
banning	O
books	O
.	O

Palestinians	T-1
accuse	T-0
PA	B-ORG
of	O
banning	O
books	O
.	O

NABLUS	T-0
,	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
1996-08-22	O

A	T-0
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
bookseller	T-1
charged	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
Information	O
Ministry	O
has	O
forced	O
him	O
to	O
sign	O
an	O
undertaking	O
not	O
to	O
distribute	O
books	O
written	O
by	O
critics	O
of	O
Israeli-PLO	T-2
self-rule	O
deals	O
.	O

A	O
West	O
Bank	O
bookseller	O
charged	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-ORG
Information	I-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
has	O
forced	O
him	O
to	O
sign	O
an	O
undertaking	T-0
not	O
to	O
distribute	O
books	O
written	O
by	O
critics	O
of	O
Israeli-PLO	O
self-rule	O
deals	O
.	O

A	O
West	O
Bank	O
bookseller	O
charged	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
the	O
Palestinian	O
Information	O
Ministry	O
has	O
forced	O
him	O
to	O
sign	O
an	O
undertaking	O
not	O
to	O
distribute	O
books	O
written	O
by	O
critics	T-1
of	O
Israeli-PLO	B-MISC
self-rule	T-0
deals	T-0
.	O

One	O
official	T-1
told	O
me	O
'	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
either	O
destroy	O
the	O
books	O
or	O
return	T-2
them	O
to	O
Amman	B-LOC
'	O
,	O
"	O
Daoud	O
Makkawi	O
,	O
owner	T-0
of	O
the	O
Nablus-based	O
al-Risala	O
bookshop	O
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

One	O
official	O
told	O
me	O
'	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
either	O
destroy	T-2
the	O
books	O
or	O
return	O
them	O
to	O
Amman	O
'	O
,	O
"	O
Daoud	B-PER
Makkawi	I-PER
,	O
owner	T-0
of	O
the	O
Nablus-based	O
al-Risala	T-1
bookshop	T-1
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

One	O
official	O
told	T-0
me	O
'	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
either	O
destroy	O
the	O
books	O
or	O
return	O
them	O
to	O
Amman	O
'	O
,	O
"	O
Daoud	T-1
Makkawi	T-1
,	O
owner	T-2
of	T-2
the	T-2
Nablus-based	B-MISC
al-Risala	T-2
bookshop	T-2
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

One	O
official	O
told	O
me	O
'	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
either	O
destroy	O
the	O
books	O
or	O
return	O
them	O
to	O
Amman	T-0
'	O
,	O
"	O
Daoud	O
Makkawi	O
,	O
owner	O
of	O
the	O
Nablus-based	O
al-Risala	B-LOC
bookshop	T-1
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

One	O
official	O
told	T-3
me	O
'	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
either	O
destroy	T-0
the	O
books	O
or	O
return	T-1
them	O
to	O
Amman	O
'	O
,	O
"	O
Daoud	O
Makkawi	O
,	O
owner	O
of	O
the	O
Nablus-based	O
al-Risala	O
bookshop	O
,	O
told	T-2
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

He	O
said	T-5
ministry	T-2
officials	T-2
made	O
him	O
sign	O
this	O
a	O
few	O
weeks	O
ago	O
after	O
he	O
brought	T-0
about	O
a	O
dozen	O
copies	O
from	T-1
Jordan	B-LOC
of	O
a	O
book	O
by	O
Edward	O
Said	T-6
,	O
a	O
prominent	O
scholar	O
at	O
New	T-3
York	T-3
City	T-3
's	O
Columbia	T-4
University	T-4
.	O

He	T-0
said	T-0
ministry	O
officials	O
made	O
him	O
sign	O
this	O
a	O
few	O
weeks	O
ago	O
after	O
he	O
brought	O
about	O
a	O
dozen	T-1
copies	T-1
from	O
Jordan	O
of	O
a	O
book	T-3
by	O
Edward	B-PER
Said	I-PER
,	O
a	O
prominent	T-2
scholar	T-2
at	O
New	O
York	O
City	O
's	O
Columbia	O
University	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
ministry	O
officials	O
made	O
him	O
sign	O
this	O
a	O
few	O
weeks	O
ago	O
after	O
he	O
brought	O
about	O
a	O
dozen	T-0
copies	O
from	O
Jordan	T-1
of	O
a	O
book	O
by	O
Edward	T-2
Said	O
,	O
a	O
prominent	O
scholar	O
at	T-3
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
City	I-LOC
's	O
Columbia	O
University	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
ministry	T-0
officials	O
made	O
him	O
sign	O
this	O
a	O
few	O
weeks	O
ago	O
after	O
he	O
brought	O
about	O
a	O
dozen	O
copies	O
from	O
Jordan	O
of	O
a	O
book	O
by	O
Edward	O
Said	T-2
,	O
a	O
prominent	O
scholar	T-1
at	O
New	T-3
York	T-3
City	T-3
's	T-3
Columbia	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
.	O

Said	B-PER
,	O
a	T-1
U.S.	T-1
citizen	T-1
of	O
Palestinian	T-0
origin	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
an	O
outspoken	O
critic	O
of	O
the	O
1993	O
Israeli-PLO	O
self-rule	O
deal	O
and	O
has	O
written	O
at	O
least	O
two	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
accord	O
.	O

Said	O
,	O
a	O
U.S.	B-LOC
citizen	O
of	O
Palestinian	T-0
origin	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
an	O
outspoken	O
critic	O
of	O
the	O
1993	O
Israeli-PLO	T-1
self-rule	O
deal	O
and	O
has	O
written	O
at	O
least	O
two	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
accord	O
.	O

Said	O
,	O
a	T-2
U.S.	T-2
citizen	T-2
of	O
Palestinian	B-MISC
origin	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
an	O
outspoken	T-0
critic	T-3
of	O
the	O
1993	O
Israeli-PLO	O
self-rule	T-1
deal	O
and	O
has	O
written	T-4
at	O
least	O
two	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
accord	O
.	O

Said	O
,	O
a	O
U.S.	O
citizen	O
of	O
Palestinian	T-0
origin	O
,	O
has	O
been	O
an	O
outspoken	O
critic	O
of	O
the	O
1993	O
Israeli-PLO	B-MISC
self-rule	O
deal	O
and	O
has	O
written	O
at	O
least	O
two	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
accord	O
.	O

On	O
Wednesday	O
a	O
bookseller	T-2
in	O
the	O
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
town	T-0
of	O
Ramallah	T-5
said	T-1
police	O
about	O
a	O
month	O
ago	O
confiscated	T-3
several	O
copies	O
of	O
two	O
of	O
Said	T-4
's	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
Israel-PLO	T-6
self-rule	O
deals	O
.	O

On	O
Wednesday	T-0
a	O
bookseller	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	T-1
of	T-1
Ramallah	B-LOC
said	T-2
police	O
about	O
a	O
month	O
ago	O
confiscated	O
several	O
copies	O
of	O
two	O
of	O
Said	O
's	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
Israel-PLO	O
self-rule	O
deals	O
.	O

On	O
Wednesday	O
a	O
bookseller	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	T-1
said	O
police	T-3
about	O
a	O
month	O
ago	O
confiscated	O
several	O
copies	O
of	O
two	O
of	O
Said	B-PER
's	T-0
books	T-0
on	O
the	O
Israel-PLO	T-2
self-rule	O
deals	O
.	O

On	O
Wednesday	T-1
a	O
bookseller	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
town	O
of	O
Ramallah	O
said	O
police	O
about	O
a	O
month	O
ago	O
confiscated	T-0
several	O
copies	O
of	O
two	O
of	O
Said	O
's	O
books	O
on	O
the	O
Israel-PLO	B-MISC
self-rule	O
deals	O
.	O

Palestinian	B-ORG
Information	I-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
Director-General	O
Mutawakel	O
Taha	O
denied	O
that	O
ministry	O
officials	O
forced	O
anyone	O
to	O
sign	O
any	O
undertaking	O
and	O
insisted	O
that	O
the	O
Palestinian	T-0
Authority	O
has	O
no	O
plans	O
to	O
censor	O
books	O
.	O

Palestinian	T-2
Information	O
Ministry	T-1
Director-General	T-1
Mutawakel	B-PER
Taha	I-PER
denied	O
that	O
ministry	O
officials	O
forced	O
anyone	O
to	O
sign	O
any	O
undertaking	O
and	O
insisted	O
that	O
the	O
Palestinian	T-0
Authority	T-0
has	O
no	O
plans	O
to	O
censor	O
books	O
.	O

Palestinian	T-0
Information	T-4
Ministry	O
Director-General	T-2
Mutawakel	O
Taha	O
denied	O
that	O
ministry	O
officials	T-1
forced	O
anyone	O
to	O
sign	O
any	O
undertaking	O
and	O
insisted	O
that	O
the	O
Palestinian	B-ORG
Authority	I-ORG
has	T-3
no	T-3
plans	T-3
to	O
censor	O
books	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
strategy	T-0
to	O
ban	O
books	O
or	O
to	O
suppress	O
freedom	T-1
of	O
expression	O
in	O
any	O
form	O
whatsoever	O
,	O
"	O
Taha	B-PER
told	T-2
Reuters	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
strategy	O
to	O
ban	T-2
books	T-3
or	O
to	O
suppress	T-4
freedom	T-1
of	T-1
expression	T-1
in	O
any	O
form	O
whatsoever	O
,	O
"	O
Taha	O
told	T-0
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

But	O
Taha	B-PER
said	T-1
that	O
the	O
absence	T-2
of	O
relevent	O
legislations	O
may	O
have	O
resulted	O
in	O
some	O
mistakes	O
by	O
some	O
security	T-0
officials	T-0
.	O

Daoud	O
said	T-1
books	O
by	O
other	O
authors	T-2
,	O
including	O
British	B-MISC
Journalist	O
Patrick	O
Seale	O
,	O
were	T-0
also	T-0
banned	T-0
.	O

Daoud	O
said	O
books	O
by	O
other	T-0
authors	T-2
,	O
including	T-1
British	O
Journalist	T-3
Patrick	B-PER
Seale	I-PER
,	O
were	O
also	O
banned	O
.	O

Daoud	B-PER
said	T-0
.	O

Thousands	O
of	O
books	O
were	O
banned	T-0
from	T-0
sale	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
and	T-1
Gaza	T-1
Strip	T-1
by	O
the	O
Israeli	O
military	O
authorities	T-2
before	O
the	O
Jewish	O
state	O
handed	O
over	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
areas	O
to	O
the	O
PLO	O
under	O
a	O
self-rule	O
deal	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

Thousands	T-3
of	O
books	O
were	O
banned	T-0
from	O
sale	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
and	O
Gaza	B-LOC
Strip	I-LOC
by	O
the	O
Israeli	T-1
military	T-1
authorities	T-1
before	O
the	O
Jewish	O
state	O
handed	O
over	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
areas	O
to	O
the	O
PLO	T-2
under	O
a	O
self-rule	O
deal	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

Thousands	O
of	O
books	O
were	O
banned	T-1
from	O
sale	O
in	O
the	O
West	T-3
Bank	T-3
and	O
Gaza	T-0
Strip	T-0
by	O
the	O
Israeli	B-MISC
military	T-5
authorities	T-5
before	O
the	O
Jewish	O
state	O
handed	T-2
over	T-2
parts	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
areas	O
to	O
the	O
PLO	T-4
under	O
a	O
self-rule	O
deal	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

Thousands	O
of	O
books	O
were	O
banned	T-0
from	O
sale	O
in	O
the	O
West	O
Bank	O
and	O
Gaza	O
Strip	O
by	O
the	O
Israeli	O
military	O
authorities	O
before	O
the	O
Jewish	B-MISC
state	T-1
handed	O
over	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
areas	O
to	O
the	O
PLO	O
under	O
a	O
self-rule	O
deal	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

Thousands	O
of	O
books	O
were	O
banned	O
from	O
sale	O
in	O
the	O
West	T-3
Bank	T-3
and	O
Gaza	O
Strip	O
by	O
the	O
Israeli	O
military	O
authorities	O
before	O
the	O
Jewish	T-1
state	T-1
handed	O
over	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
two	T-2
areas	T-2
to	T-0
the	T-0
PLO	B-ORG
under	O
a	O
self-rule	O
deal	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

Egypt	B-LOC
blames	T-2
Istanbul	T-0
control	T-3
tower	O
for	O
accident	T-1
.	O

Egypt	T-0
blames	O
Istanbul	B-LOC
control	T-1
tower	O
for	O
accident	O
.	O

The	O
chairman	O
of	O
national	O
carrier	T-0
EgyptAir	B-ORG
on	O
Thursday	O
blamed	O
the	O
control	O
tower	O
at	O
Istanbul	O
airport	O
for	O
the	O
EgyptAir	T-1
plane	O
accident	O
.	O

The	O
chairman	O
of	O
national	O
carrier	O
EgyptAir	O
on	O
Thursday	O
blamed	O
the	O
control	O
tower	O
at	T-0
Istanbul	B-LOC
airport	O
for	O
the	O
EgyptAir	O
plane	O
accident	O
.	O

The	O
chairman	T-2
of	O
national	O
carrier	O
EgyptAir	O
on	O
Thursday	O
blamed	T-4
the	O
control	O
tower	O
at	O
Istanbul	O
airport	O
for	T-0
the	T-0
EgyptAir	B-ORG
plane	T-1
accident	T-1
.	O

Twenty	O
people	O
were	O
injured	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
when	O
the	O
EgyptAir	B-ORG
Boeing	O
707	O
overshot	O
the	O
runway	O
,	O
caught	T-0
fire	T-0
,	O
hit	O
a	O
taxi	O
and	O
skipped	O
across	O
a	O
road	O
onto	O
a	O
railway	O
line	O
.	O

Twenty	T-1
people	O
were	O
injured	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
when	O
the	O
EgyptAir	T-0
Boeing	B-MISC
707	O
overshot	O
the	O
runway	O
,	O
caught	O
fire	O
,	O
hit	O
a	O
taxi	O
and	O
skipped	O
across	O
a	O
road	O
onto	O
a	O
railway	O
line	O
.	O

Chairman	T-0
Mohamed	B-PER
Fahim	I-PER
Rayyan	I-PER
told	T-1
a	O
news	T-2
conference	T-2
at	O
Cairo	O
airport	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
control	O
tower	O
should	O
have	O
allocated	O
the	O
plane	O
another	O
runway	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
one	O
the	O
plane	O
landed	O
on	O
.	O
"	O

He	O
said	O
a	O
Turkish	B-MISC
civil	O
aviation	O
authority	T-0
official	O
had	O
made	O
the	O
same	O
point	O
and	O
he	O
noted	O
that	O
a	O
Turkish	O
plane	O
had	O
a	O
similar	O
accident	O
there	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

He	O
said	T-2
a	O
Turkish	O
civil	O
aviation	O
authority	T-3
official	O
had	O
made	O
the	O
same	O
point	O
and	O
he	O
noted	T-1
that	O
a	O
Turkish	B-MISC
plane	T-0
had	O
a	O
similar	O
accident	O
there	O
in	O
1994	O
.	O

The	O
EgyptAir	B-ORG
pilot	T-0
blamed	O
Turkish	O
airport	O
staff	O
for	O
misleading	O
him	O
.	O

The	O
EgyptAir	T-0
pilot	T-1
blamed	O
Turkish	B-MISC
airport	T-2
staff	T-2
for	O
misleading	O
him	O
.	O

That	O
's	O
wrong	O
,	O
"	O
the	T-0
pilot	T-0
told	O
private	O
Ihlas	B-ORG
news	O
agency	O
in	O
English	O
.	T-1

That	O
's	O
wrong	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
pilot	T-0
told	T-1
private	O
Ihlas	O
news	O
agency	T-2
in	O
English	B-MISC
.	O

Egypt	B-LOC
wants	T-0
nothing	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
Sudanese	T-1
rulers	T-1
.	O

Egypt	T-0
wants	O
nothing	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
rulers	O
.	O

The	O
Egyptian	B-MISC
government	T-0
will	T-1
have	T-1
nothing	O
more	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
the	O
Sudanese	T-2
government	T-2
because	O
it	O
continues	O
to	O
shelter	O
and	O
support	O
Egyptian	O
militants	O
,	O
President	O
Hosni	O
Mubarak	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
speech	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
Egyptian	T-0
government	T-0
will	O
have	O
nothing	O
more	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
the	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
government	O
because	O
it	O
continues	O
to	O
shelter	T-1
and	T-1
support	T-1
Egyptian	O
militants	O
,	O
President	O
Hosni	O
Mubarak	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
speech	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
Egyptian	O
government	O
will	O
have	O
nothing	O
more	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
the	O
Sudanese	O
government	O
because	O
it	O
continues	O
to	O
shelter	O
and	O
support	T-0
Egyptian	B-MISC
militants	O
,	O
President	O
Hosni	O
Mubarak	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
speech	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

The	O
Egyptian	T-2
government	O
will	O
have	O
nothing	O
more	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
the	O
Sudanese	O
government	O
because	O
it	O
continues	O
to	O
shelter	T-0
and	O
support	T-1
Egyptian	O
militants	O
,	O
President	T-3
Hosni	B-PER
Mubarak	I-PER
said	O
in	O
a	O
speech	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Egypt	B-LOC
says	O
the	O
Sudanese	O
government	T-2
helped	T-0
the	O
Moslem	T-1
militants	T-1
who	O
tried	O
to	O
kill	O
Mubarak	O
in	O
Addis	O
Ababa	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Egypt	O
says	O
the	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
government	O
helped	T-0
the	O
Moslem	O
militants	O
who	O
tried	O
to	O
kill	O
Mubarak	O
in	O
Addis	O
Ababa	O
last	T-1
year	T-1
.	O

Egypt	T-0
says	O
the	O
Sudanese	T-1
government	O
helped	T-3
the	O
Moslem	B-MISC
militants	T-4
who	O
tried	O
to	O
kill	O
Mubarak	T-2
in	O
Addis	O
Ababa	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Egypt	O
says	O
the	O
Sudanese	T-0
government	T-0
helped	T-2
the	O
Moslem	T-3
militants	T-3
who	O
tried	O
to	O
kill	T-1
Mubarak	B-PER
in	O
Addis	O
Ababa	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Egypt	T-1
says	O
the	O
Sudanese	O
government	O
helped	O
the	O
Moslem	O
militants	O
who	O
tried	O
to	O
kill	O
Mubarak	T-2
in	T-0
Addis	B-LOC
Ababa	I-LOC
last	O
year	O
.	O

It	T-0
sponsored	T-0
last	T-0
week	T-0
's	T-0
U.N.	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
resolution	T-1
threatening	T-1
a	T-1
ban	T-1
on	T-1
Sudanese	T-1
flights	O
abroad	O
if	O
Khartoum	O
does	O
not	O
hand	O
over	O
three	O
men	O
accused	O
in	O
the	O
Addis	O
Ababa	O
incident	O
.	O

It	O
sponsored	O
last	O
week	O
's	O
U.N.	O
Security	O
Council	O
resolution	O
threatening	O
a	O
ban	O
on	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
flights	T-0
abroad	O
if	O
Khartoum	O
does	O
not	O
hand	O
over	O
three	O
men	O
accused	O
in	O
the	O
Addis	O
Ababa	O
incident	O
.	O

It	T-0
sponsored	T-5
last	O
week	O
's	O
U.N.	O
Security	O
Council	O
resolution	O
threatening	T-2
a	O
ban	O
on	O
Sudanese	O
flights	O
abroad	O
if	O
Khartoum	B-LOC
does	T-1
not	T-1
hand	O
over	O
three	O
men	O
accused	T-3
in	O
the	O
Addis	O
Ababa	O
incident	T-4
.	O

It	O
sponsored	O
last	O
week	O
's	O
U.N.	O
Security	O
Council	O
resolution	O
threatening	O
a	O
ban	O
on	O
Sudanese	O
flights	O
abroad	O
if	O
Khartoum	O
does	O
not	O
hand	O
over	O
three	O
men	O
accused	O
in	O
the	O
Addis	B-LOC
Ababa	I-LOC
incident	T-0
.	O

The	O
sanctions	O
will	O
come	O
into	O
effect	O
in	O
November	O
if	T-0
Sudan	B-LOC
fails	O
to	O
extradite	T-1
the	O
men	O
,	O
but	O
Sudan	O
says	O
it	O
cannot	O
hand	O
them	O
over	O
to	O
Ethiopia	O
for	O
trial	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
in	O
Sudan	O
.	O

The	O
sanctions	T-1
will	O
come	O
into	O
effect	O
in	O
November	O
if	O
Sudan	O
fails	O
to	O
extradite	T-2
the	O
men	O
,	O
but	O
Sudan	B-LOC
says	O
it	O
cannot	O
hand	O
them	O
over	O
to	O
Ethiopia	O
for	O
trial	T-0
because	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
in	O
Sudan	O
.	O

The	O
sanctions	O
will	O
come	O
into	O
effect	T-1
in	O
November	O
if	O
Sudan	O
fails	T-2
to	O
extradite	O
the	O
men	O
,	O
but	O
Sudan	O
says	T-3
it	O
cannot	O
hand	O
them	O
over	O
to	T-0
Ethiopia	B-LOC
for	O
trial	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
in	O
Sudan	O
.	O

The	O
sanctions	O
will	O
come	O
into	O
effect	O
in	O
November	O
if	O
Sudan	O
fails	O
to	O
extradite	O
the	O
men	O
,	O
but	O
Sudan	T-1
says	O
it	O
cannot	O
hand	O
them	O
over	O
to	O
Ethiopia	T-2
for	O
trial	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
in	T-0
Sudan	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
still	O
eager	O
that	O
nothing	O
should	O
affect	T-0
the	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
people	T-3
but	O
we	O
will	O
not	O
deal	T-1
with	O
the	O
current	O
regime	T-4
or	O
the	O
Turabi	O
front	O
or	O
whatever	O
,	O
"	O
Mubarak	O
told	T-2
a	O
group	O
of	O
academics	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
still	O
eager	T-0
that	O
nothing	O
should	O
affect	O
the	O
Sudanese	O
people	O
but	O
we	O
will	O
not	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
current	O
regime	O
or	O
the	T-3
Turabi	B-PER
front	T-2
or	O
whatever	O
,	O
"	O
Mubarak	O
told	T-1
a	O
group	O
of	O
academics	O
.	O

"	O
We	T-1
are	O
still	O
eager	T-0
that	O
nothing	O
should	O
affect	O
the	O
Sudanese	O
people	T-2
but	O
we	O
will	O
not	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
current	O
regime	O
or	O
the	O
Turabi	O
front	O
or	O
whatever	O
,	O
"	O
Mubarak	B-PER
told	T-3
a	O
group	O
of	O
academics	O
.	O

Hassan	B-PER
al-Turabi	I-PER
is	O
the	O
leader	T-0
of	O
the	O
National	T-2
Islamic	T-2
Front	O
,	O
the	O
political	T-1
force	T-1
behind	O
the	O
Sudanese	T-3
government	O
.	O

Hassan	O
al-Turabi	O
is	O
the	O
leader	T-0
of	O
the	O
National	B-ORG
Islamic	I-ORG
Front	I-ORG
,	O
the	O
political	T-2
force	T-2
behind	T-1
the	T-1
Sudanese	O
government	O
.	O

Hassan	O
al-Turabi	O
is	O
the	O
leader	T-2
of	O
the	O
National	T-0
Islamic	O
Front	O
,	O
the	O
political	O
force	O
behind	O
the	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
government	T-1
.	O

There	O
are	O
terrorists	O
they	T-0
are	O
sheltering	O
and	O
they	O
make	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
passorts	T-2
for	O
them	T-1
and	O
they	O
get	O
paid	O
by	O
them	O
,	O
"	O
Mubarak	O
said	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
terrorists	T-1
they	O
are	O
sheltering	T-2
and	O
they	O
make	O
Sudanese	O
passorts	O
for	O
them	O
and	O
they	O
get	O
paid	T-0
by	O
them	O
,	O
"	O
Mubarak	B-PER
said	O
.	O

He	O
did	O
not	O
say	O
if	O
Egypt	B-LOC
would	O
go	O
so	O
far	O
as	O
to	O
break	T-0
relations	O
,	O
a	O
step	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
reluctant	O
to	O
take	O
,	O
ostensibly	O
because	O
it	O
would	O
affect	O
ordinary	O
Sudanese	T-1
.	O

He	O
did	O
not	O
say	O
if	O
Egypt	O
would	O
go	O
so	O
far	O
as	O
to	O
break	O
relations	T-0
,	O
a	O
step	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
reluctant	O
to	O
take	O
,	O
ostensibly	O
because	O
it	O
would	O
affect	O
ordinary	O
Sudanese	B-MISC
.	O

Turkish	B-MISC
shares	T-1
shed	O
gains	T-0
in	O
profit-taking	T-2
.	O

Turkish	B-MISC
shares	T-0
ended	O
lower	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
shedding	O
gains	O
of	O
earlier	O
in	O
the	O
week	O
amid	O
profit-taking	O
sales	O
,	O
brokers	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
IMKB-100	B-MISC
lost	O
0.19	O
percent	O
or	O
123.89	O
points	O
to	O
end	T-0
at	O
64,178.78	O
.	O

I	O
expect	T-2
the	O
market	O
to	O
go	O
as	O
far	O
down	O
as	O
63,000	O
tomorrow	O
if	O
sales	O
continue	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-1
Burcin	B-PER
Mavituna	I-PER
from	O
Interbank	T-0
.	O

I	O
expect	O
the	O
market	O
to	O
go	O
as	O
far	O
down	O
as	O
63,000	O
tomorrow	T-0
if	O
sales	O
continue	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Burcin	T-1
Mavituna	T-2
from	O
Interbank	B-ORG
.	O

The	O
session	T-0
's	O
most	O
active	T-2
shares	O
were	O
those	O
of	O
Isbank	B-ORG
gained	T-3
300	O
lira	T-1
to	O
8,600	O
.	O

Shares	O
of	O
utility	O
Cukurova	B-ORG
lost	T-0
3,000	O
lira	O
to	O
67,000	O
.	O

--	O
Istanbul	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
,	O
+90-212-275	T-0
0875	O
SA	O

Miss	B-MISC
Universe	I-MISC
hides	T-0
behind	O
veil	T-1
of	O
silence	O
.	O

Miss	B-MISC
Universe	I-MISC
,	O
Venezuela	T-1
's	O
Alicia	O
Machado	O
,	O
left	T-0
New	T-0
Mexico	T-0
on	T-0
Thursday	T-0
,	O
refusing	O
to	O
answer	O
questions	O
about	O
her	O
weight	O
or	O
claims	O
she	O
was	O
told	O
to	O
either	O
go	O
on	O
a	O
crash	O
diet	O
or	O
give	O
up	O
her	O
title	O
.	O

Miss	O
Universe	O
,	O
Venezuela	B-LOC
's	O
Alicia	O
Machado	O
,	O
left	T-1
New	T-0
Mexico	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
refusing	O
to	O
answer	T-2
questions	O
about	O
her	O
weight	O
or	O
claims	O
she	O
was	O
told	O
to	O
either	O
go	O
on	O
a	O
crash	O
diet	T-3
or	O
give	O
up	O
her	O
title	O
.	O

Miss	T-0
Universe	T-0
,	O
Venezuela	T-1
's	T-1
Alicia	B-PER
Machado	I-PER
,	O
left	O
New	O
Mexico	O
on	O
Thursday	T-2
,	O
refusing	O
to	O
answer	O
questions	O
about	O
her	O
weight	O
or	O
claims	O
she	O
was	O
told	O
to	O
either	O
go	O
on	O
a	O
crash	O
diet	O
or	O
give	O
up	O
her	O
title	O
.	O

Machado	B-PER
,	O
19	O
,	O
flew	T-3
to	T-3
Los	T-0
Angeles	T-0
after	O
slipping	T-4
away	T-4
from	O
the	O
New	T-1
Mexico	T-1
desert	O
town	O
of	O
Las	T-2
Cruces	T-2
,	O
where	O
she	O
attended	T-5
the	O
1996	O
Miss	O
Teen	O
USA	O
pageant	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Machado	O
,	O
19	O
,	O
flew	T-0
to	O
Los	B-LOC
Angeles	I-LOC
after	O
slipping	T-1
away	O
from	O
the	O
New	O
Mexico	O
desert	O
town	O
of	O
Las	O
Cruces	O
,	O
where	O
she	O
attended	O
the	O
1996	O
Miss	O
Teen	O
USA	O
pageant	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Machado	T-1
,	O
19	O
,	O
flew	O
to	O
Los	T-3
Angeles	T-3
after	O
slipping	O
away	O
from	O
the	T-0
New	B-LOC
Mexico	I-LOC
desert	T-4
town	T-4
of	T-4
Las	T-4
Cruces	T-4
,	O
where	O
she	O
attended	O
the	O
1996	O
Miss	T-2
Teen	T-2
USA	T-2
pageant	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Machado	O
,	O
19	O
,	O
flew	O
to	O
Los	O
Angeles	O
after	O
slipping	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
New	T-1
Mexico	T-1
desert	T-1
town	T-3
of	T-3
Las	B-LOC
Cruces	I-LOC
,	O
where	T-0
she	O
attended	O
the	O
1996	T-2
Miss	T-2
Teen	T-2
USA	T-2
pageant	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Machado	O
,	O
19	O
,	O
flew	O
to	O
Los	O
Angeles	O
after	O
slipping	O
away	O
from	T-2
the	T-2
New	O
Mexico	O
desert	O
town	O
of	O
Las	T-1
Cruces	T-1
,	O
where	O
she	O
attended	O
the	O
1996	B-MISC
Miss	I-MISC
Teen	I-MISC
USA	I-MISC
pageant	T-0
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

While	O
Machado	B-PER
was	T-2
not	T-2
a	O
contestant	O
here	O
,	O
she	O
came	T-0
under	T-0
intense	T-0
scrutiny	T-0
following	O
reports	O
she	O
was	O
given	T-1
an	T-1
ultimatum	T-1
by	O
Los	O
Angeles-based	O
Miss	O
Universe	O
Inc.	O
to	O
drop	O
27	O
pounds	O
(	O
12	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
two	O
weeks	O
or	O
risk	O
losing	O
her	O
crown	O
.	O

While	O
Machado	T-0
was	O
not	O
a	O
contestant	O
here	O
,	O
she	T-1
came	O
under	O
intense	O
scrutiny	O
following	O
reports	O
she	O
was	O
given	O
an	O
ultimatum	O
by	O
Los	B-MISC
Angeles-based	I-MISC
Miss	T-2
Universe	T-2
Inc.	T-2
to	O
drop	O
27	O
pounds	O
(	O
12	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
two	O
weeks	O
or	O
risk	O
losing	O
her	O
crown	O
.	O

While	O
Machado	T-1
was	O
not	O
a	O
contestant	O
here	O
,	O
she	O
came	O
under	O
intense	O
scrutiny	O
following	O
reports	O
she	O
was	O
given	O
an	O
ultimatum	O
by	O
Los	O
Angeles-based	T-0
Miss	B-ORG
Universe	I-ORG
Inc.	I-ORG
to	O
drop	O
27	O
pounds	O
(	O
12	O
kg	O
)	O
in	O
two	O
weeks	O
or	O
risk	T-2
losing	O
her	O
crown	O
.	T-0

In	T-0
Venezuela	B-LOC
,	O
her	O
mother	O
told	O
Reuters	O
that	O
Machado	O
had	O
a	O
swollen	O
face	O
when	O
she	O
left	T-1
home	O
two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
because	O
she	O
had	O
her	O
wisdom	O
teeth	O
extracted	O
.	O

In	O
Venezuela	O
,	O
her	O
mother	O
told	T-2
Reuters	B-ORG
that	O
Machado	O
had	O
a	O
swollen	T-0
face	O
when	O
she	O
left	O
home	O
two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
because	O
she	O
had	O
her	O
wisdom	O
teeth	O
extracted	T-1
.	O

In	O
Venezuela	O
,	O
her	O
mother	T-2
told	O
Reuters	O
that	T-1
Machado	B-PER
had	O
a	O
swollen	O
face	T-0
when	O
she	O
left	O
home	O
two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
because	O
she	O
had	O
her	O
wisdom	O
teeth	O
extracted	O
.	O

Marta	B-PER
Fajardo	I-PER
insisted	T-2
her	O
daughter	T-0
,	O
who	O
weighed	T-4
112	O
pounds	O
(	O
51	O
kg	O
)	O
when	O
she	T-3
won	T-5
the	O
Miss	T-1
Universe	T-1
title	O
in	O
Las	O
Vegas	O
in	O
May	O
,	O
had	O
perfectly	O
normal	O
eating	O
habits	O
.	O

Marta	O
Fajardo	O
insisted	T-1
her	O
daughter	O
,	O
who	O
weighed	O
112	O
pounds	O
(	O
51	O
kg	O
)	O
when	O
she	O
won	T-0
the	T-0
Miss	B-MISC
Universe	I-MISC
title	O
in	O
Las	O
Vegas	O
in	O
May	O
,	O
had	O
perfectly	O
normal	O
eating	O
habits	O
.	O

Marta	O
Fajardo	O
insisted	T-1
her	O
daughter	O
,	O
who	O
weighed	O
112	O
pounds	O
(	O
51	O
kg	O
)	O
when	O
she	O
won	O
the	O
Miss	O
Universe	O
title	O
in	T-0
Las	B-LOC
Vegas	I-LOC
in	O
May	O
,	O
had	O
perfectly	O
normal	O
eating	T-2
habits	O
.	O

Organisers	O
flatly	O
denied	T-0
ever	O
threatening	T-2
Machado	B-PER
but	O
immediately	O
put	O
her	O
under	O
wraps	O
and	O
blocked	O
access	T-1
to	T-1
her	T-1
.	O

Dressed	O
in	O
a	O
black	O
strapless	O
evening	O
gown	O
at	O
Wednesday	O
's	O
pageant	T-1
,	O
Machado	B-PER
was	T-0
clearly	T-0
heavier	O
than	O
the	O
contestants	O
but	O
still	O
won	T-2
rave	O
reviews	O
after	O
her	O
brief	O
appearance	O
on	O
stage	O
.	O

She	O
's	O
fantastic	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Nikki	B-PER
Campbell	I-PER
,	O
28	T-1
,	O
who	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
pageant	T-0
.	O
"	O

Machado	B-PER
's	O
publicists	T-0
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
she	O
was	O
scheduled	O
to	O
stay	O
in	O
Los	O
Angeles	O
for	O
promotional	O
work	O
with	O
sponsors	O
before	O
returning	O
to	O
Venezuela	O
on	O
Sept	O
.	O

Machado	T-2
's	O
publicists	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
she	O
was	O
scheduled	T-0
to	O
stay	T-1
in	T-1
Los	B-LOC
Angeles	I-LOC
for	O
promotional	O
work	O
with	O
sponsors	O
before	O
returning	O
to	O
Venezuela	O
on	O
Sept	O
.	O

Machado	T-2
's	O
publicists	T-0
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
she	O
was	O
scheduled	O
to	O
stay	O
in	O
Los	T-3
Angeles	T-3
for	O
promotional	O
work	O
with	O
sponsors	T-1
before	O
returning	T-4
to	T-4
Venezuela	B-LOC
on	O
Sept	O
.	O

Beauty	T-0
queens	T-0
are	O
high-profile	O
personalities	T-1
in	O
Venezuela	B-LOC
and	O
Machado	O
's	O
alleged	T-2
weight	T-2
problem	O
made	O
front	O
page	O
news	O
this	O
week	O
.	O

Beauty	O
queens	O
are	O
high-profile	O
personalities	O
in	O
Venezuela	T-0
and	O
Machado	B-PER
's	O
alleged	T-1
weight	O
problem	O
made	O
front	O
page	O
news	O
this	O
week	O
.	O

It	O
was	T-1
an	O
official	T-0
of	O
the	O
Miss	B-ORG
Venezuela	I-ORG
Organisation	I-ORG
who	O
first	O
said	O
Machado	O
had	O
been	O
told	O
to	O
lose	O
weight	O
fast	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
an	O
official	O
of	O
the	O
Miss	T-0
Venezuela	T-0
Organisation	T-0
who	O
first	O
said	T-1
Machado	B-PER
had	T-2
been	T-2
told	O
to	O
lose	O
weight	O
fast	O
.	O

Martin	B-PER
Brooks	I-PER
,	O
president	T-0
of	O
Miss	O
Universe	O
Inc	O
,	O
said	T-2
he	O
spoke	O
with	O
Machado	O
to	O
assure	O
her	O
that	O
organisers	O
were	O
not	O
putting	O
pressure	T-1
on	O
her	O
.	O

Martin	T-1
Brooks	T-1
,	O
president	T-0
of	O
Miss	B-ORG
Universe	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
,	O
said	O
he	O
spoke	O
with	O
Machado	O
to	O
assure	O
her	O
that	O
organisers	O
were	O
not	O
putting	O
pressure	O
on	O
her	O
.	O

Martin	O
Brooks	O
,	O
president	T-0
of	O
Miss	O
Universe	O
Inc	O
,	O
said	T-1
he	O
spoke	O
with	O
Machado	B-PER
to	O
assure	O
her	O
that	O
organisers	O
were	O
not	O
putting	T-2
pressure	T-2
on	O
her	O
.	O

He	O
said	T-1
the	O
lifestyle	O
associated	O
with	O
being	O
Miss	B-MISC
Universe	I-MISC
could	O
make	O
routine	O
exercise	T-0
difficult	T-2
.	O

I	T-0
dont	T-1
know	T-1
if	O
Alicia	B-PER
is	O
working	O
out	O
.	O

Kevorkian	B-PER
attends	T-0
third	O
suicide	O
in	O
week	O
.	O

PONTIAC	B-LOC
,	O
Mich	T-0
.	O

PONTIAC	T-0
,	O
Mich	B-LOC
.	O

Dr.	T-0
Jack	B-PER
Kevorkian	I-PER
attended	T-2
his	O
third	O
suicide	T-4
in	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
week	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
bringing	T-3
the	O
body	O
of	O
a	O
40-year-old	O
Missouri	T-1
woman	T-1
suffering	O
from	O
multiple	O
sclerosis	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	O
emergency	O
room	O
,	O
doctors	O
said	O
.	T-0

Dr.	O
Jack	O
Kevorkian	O
attended	O
his	O
third	O
suicide	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
week	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
bringing	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
a	O
40-year-old	O
Missouri	B-LOC
woman	O
suffering	T-1
from	O
multiple	O
sclerosis	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	T-0
emergency	T-0
room	T-0
,	O
doctors	O
said	T-2
.	O

Dr	T-0
Robert	B-PER
Aranosian	I-PER
,	O
emergency	T-1
room	O
director	O
at	O
Pontiac	O
Osteopathic	O
Hospital	O
,	O
said	O
Kevorkian	O
brought	O
in	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
Patricia	O
Smith	O
,	O
of	O
Lees	O
Summit	O
,	O
Mo	O
.	O

Dr	O
Robert	O
Aranosian	O
,	O
emergency	T-0
room	T-0
director	O
at	O
Pontiac	B-LOC
Osteopathic	I-LOC
Hospital	I-LOC
,	O
said	O
Kevorkian	O
brought	O
in	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
Patricia	O
Smith	O
,	O
of	O
Lees	T-1
Summit	T-1
,	T-1
Mo	T-1
.	O

Dr	T-2
Robert	T-2
Aranosian	O
,	O
emergency	O
room	O
director	O
at	O
Pontiac	O
Osteopathic	O
Hospital	O
,	O
said	T-1
Kevorkian	B-PER
brought	T-0
in	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
Patricia	T-3
Smith	T-3
,	O
of	O
Lees	O
Summit	O
,	O
Mo	O
.	O

Dr	O
Robert	O
Aranosian	O
,	O
emergency	O
room	O
director	O
at	O
Pontiac	O
Osteopathic	O
Hospital	O
,	O
said	O
Kevorkian	O
brought	O
in	O
the	O
body	T-2
of	O
Patricia	B-PER
Smith	I-PER
,	O
of	O
Lees	T-0
Summit	T-0
,	O
Mo	T-1
.	T-1

Dr	O
Robert	O
Aranosian	O
,	O
emergency	O
room	O
director	T-0
at	O
Pontiac	O
Osteopathic	O
Hospital	O
,	O
said	T-1
Kevorkian	O
brought	O
in	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
Patricia	O
Smith	O
,	O
of	O
Lees	B-LOC
Summit	I-LOC
,	O
Mo	O
.	O

Dr	T-0
Robert	T-0
Aranosian	T-0
,	O
emergency	O
room	O
director	O
at	O
Pontiac	O
Osteopathic	O
Hospital	T-2
,	O
said	O
Kevorkian	T-1
brought	O
in	O
the	O
body	O
of	O
Patricia	O
Smith	O
,	O
of	O
Lees	O
Summit	O
,	O
Mo	B-LOC
.	O

Kevorkian	B-PER
's	O
lawyer	T-1
,	O
Geoffrey	T-0
Fieger	T-0
,	O
said	O
those	O
attending	O
Smith	O
's	O
death	O
included	O
her	O
husband	O
,	O
David	O
,	O
a	O
police	O
officer	O
,	O
her	O
father	O
,	O
James	O
Poland	O
,	O
and	O
Kevorkian	O
.	O

Kevorkian	O
's	O
lawyer	T-0
,	O
Geoffrey	B-PER
Fieger	I-PER
,	O
said	O
those	O
attending	O
Smith	O
's	O
death	O
included	O
her	O
husband	O
,	O
David	O
,	O
a	O
police	O
officer	T-1
,	O
her	O
father	O
,	O
James	O
Poland	O
,	O
and	O
Kevorkian	O
.	O

Kevorkian	T-2
's	O
lawyer	O
,	O
Geoffrey	T-3
Fieger	T-3
,	O
said	O
those	T-0
attending	T-4
Smith	B-PER
's	T-1
death	T-1
included	O
her	O
husband	O
,	O
David	O
,	O
a	O
police	O
officer	O
,	O
her	O
father	O
,	O
James	O
Poland	O
,	O
and	O
Kevorkian	O
.	O

Kevorkian	O
's	O
lawyer	O
,	O
Geoffrey	O
Fieger	O
,	O
said	O
those	O
attending	O
Smith	O
's	O
death	O
included	O
her	O
husband	O
,	O
David	B-PER
,	O
a	T-1
police	O
officer	O
,	O
her	O
father	O
,	O
James	T-0
Poland	T-0
,	O
and	O
Kevorkian	O
.	O

Kevorkian	O
's	O
lawyer	O
,	O
Geoffrey	O
Fieger	O
,	O
said	O
those	O
attending	O
Smith	O
's	O
death	O
included	O
her	O
husband	O
,	O
David	O
,	O
a	O
police	O
officer	O
,	O
her	O
father	T-0
,	O
James	B-PER
Poland	I-PER
,	O
and	O
Kevorkian	T-1
.	O

Kevorkian	O
's	O
lawyer	T-0
,	O
Geoffrey	O
Fieger	O
,	O
said	O
those	O
attending	O
Smith	O
's	O
death	O
included	O
her	O
husband	T-2
,	O
David	O
,	O
a	O
police	O
officer	O
,	O
her	O
father	T-3
,	O
James	O
Poland	O
,	O
and	T-1
Kevorkian	B-PER
.	O

It	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
known	T-2
time	O
that	O
a	O
police	O
officer	O
has	O
been	O
president	T-0
at	O
the	O
suicide	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
Kevorkian	B-PER
's	O
patients	T-1
.	O

He	O
offered	T-1
no	O
details	O
about	O
the	O
cause	T-2
of	O
Smith	B-PER
's	O
death	T-0
or	O
the	O
location	T-3
.	O

On	O
Tuesday	O
night	O
,	O
Kevorkian	B-PER
attended	T-0
the	O
death	O
of	O
Louise	T-1
Siebens	T-1
,	O
a	O
76-year-old	O
Texas	O
woman	O
with	O
amyotrophic	O
lateral	O
sclerosis	O
,	O
or	O
Lou	O
Gehrig	O
's	O
disease	O
.	O

On	O
Tuesday	O
night	O
,	O
Kevorkian	O
attended	O
the	O
death	O
of	O
Louise	B-PER
Siebens	I-PER
,	O
a	O
76-year-old	T-1
Texas	T-1
woman	T-1
with	O
amyotrophic	T-2
lateral	T-2
sclerosis	T-2
,	O
or	O
Lou	O
Gehrig	O
's	O
disease	T-0
.	O

On	O
Tuesday	O
night	O
,	O
Kevorkian	T-0
attended	T-2
the	O
death	O
of	O
Louise	T-1
Siebens	T-1
,	O
a	O
76-year-old	O
Texas	B-LOC
woman	O
with	O
amyotrophic	O
lateral	O
sclerosis	O
,	O
or	O
Lou	O
Gehrig	O
's	O
disease	O
.	O

On	O
Tuesday	O
night	O
,	O
Kevorkian	T-0
attended	O
the	O
death	O
of	O
Louise	O
Siebens	O
,	O
a	O
76-year-old	O
Texas	O
woman	O
with	O
amyotrophic	O
lateral	T-1
sclerosis	T-1
,	O
or	O
Lou	B-PER
Gehrig	I-PER
's	T-2
disease	T-2
.	O

On	O
August	O
15	O
,	O
Kevorkian	B-PER
helped	O
Judith	O
Curren	O
,	O
a	O
42-year-old	O
Massachusetts	O
nurse	T-1
,	O
who	O
suffered	O
from	O
chronic	T-2
fatigue	T-2
syndrome	T-2
,	O
a	O
non-terminal	O
illness	O
,	O
to	T-0
end	T-0
her	T-0
life	T-0
.	O

On	O
August	O
15	O
,	O
Kevorkian	T-4
helped	T-0
Judith	B-PER
Curren	I-PER
,	O
a	O
42-year-old	T-2
Massachusetts	T-2
nurse	T-2
,	O
who	O
suffered	T-3
from	T-3
chronic	T-3
fatigue	T-3
syndrome	T-3
,	O
a	O
non-terminal	O
illness	O
,	O
to	O
end	O
her	T-1
life	O
.	O

On	O
August	O
15	O
,	O
Kevorkian	O
helped	O
Judith	O
Curren	O
,	O
a	O
42-year-old	O
Massachusetts	B-LOC
nurse	T-1
,	O
who	O
suffered	T-0
from	O
chronic	O
fatigue	O
syndrome	O
,	O
a	O
non-terminal	O
illness	O
,	O
to	O
end	O
her	O
life	O
.	O

Fairview	B-LOC
,	O
Texas	T-2
,	O
$	O
1.82	O
million	O
deal	T-0
Baa1	O
-	O
Moody	T-1
's	O
.	O

Fairview	O
,	O
Texas	B-LOC
,	O
$	O
1.82	O
million	O
deal	T-2
Baa1	T-1
-	O
Moody	T-0
's	O
.	O

Fairview	T-0
,	O
Texas	O
,	O
$	T-1
1.82	T-1
million	T-1
deal	T-1
Baa1	O
-	O
Moody	B-ORG
's	I-ORG
.	O

Issuer	T-0
:	O
Fairview	B-LOC
Town	I-LOC

State	T-0
:	T-0
TX	B-LOC

Defiant	T-1
U.S.	B-LOC
neo-Nazi	O
jailed	T-0
by	O
German	O
court	O
.	O

HAMBURG	B-LOC
,	O
Germany	T-0
1996-08-22	O

HAMBURG	T-0
,	O
Germany	B-LOC
1996-08-22	T-1

A	O
Hamburg	B-LOC
court	O
sentenced	T-1
U.S.	T-0
neo-Nazi	O
leader	O
Gary	O
Lauck	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
four	O
years	O
in	O
prison	O
for	O
pumping	O
banned	T-2
extremist	O
propaganda	O
into	O
Germany	T-3
from	O
his	O
base	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	T-0

A	O
Hamburg	T-1
court	O
sentenced	T-0
U.S.	B-LOC
neo-Nazi	O
leader	O
Gary	O
Lauck	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
four	O
years	O
in	O
prison	O
for	O
pumping	O
banned	O
extremist	O
propaganda	O
into	O
Germany	O
from	O
his	O
base	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

A	O
Hamburg	O
court	T-0
sentenced	O
U.S.	T-2
neo-Nazi	B-MISC
leader	T-3
Gary	T-3
Lauck	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
four	O
years	O
in	O
prison	O
for	O
pumping	O
banned	O
extremist	O
propaganda	O
into	O
Germany	O
from	O
his	O
base	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

A	O
Hamburg	O
court	O
sentenced	T-1
U.S.	O
neo-Nazi	O
leader	O
Gary	B-PER
Lauck	I-PER
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
four	O
years	O
in	O
prison	T-0
for	O
pumping	O
banned	O
extremist	O
propaganda	O
into	O
Germany	O
from	O
his	O
base	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

A	O
Hamburg	O
court	O
sentenced	T-1
U.S.	O
neo-Nazi	O
leader	O
Gary	O
Lauck	O
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
four	O
years	O
in	O
prison	O
for	O
pumping	O
banned	T-2
extremist	O
propaganda	O
into	T-0
Germany	B-LOC
from	O
his	O
base	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

A	O
Hamburg	T-0
court	O
sentenced	O
U.S.	T-1
neo-Nazi	O
leader	O
Gary	T-2
Lauck	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
to	O
four	O
years	O
in	O
prison	O
for	O
pumping	O
banned	O
extremist	O
propaganda	T-4
into	O
Germany	O
from	O
his	O
base	T-3
in	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
,	O
from	O
Lincoln	T-0
,	T-0
Nebraska	T-0
,	O
yelled	O
a	O
tirade	O
of	O
abuse	O
at	O
the	O
court	O
after	O
his	O
conviction	T-1
for	O
inciting	O
racial	O
hatred	O
.	O

Lauck	T-1
,	T-1
from	T-1
Lincoln	B-LOC
,	O
Nebraska	T-2
,	O
yelled	O
a	O
tirade	O
of	O
abuse	O
at	O
the	O
court	O
after	O
his	O
conviction	O
for	O
inciting	O
racial	T-0
hatred	T-0
.	O

Lauck	O
,	O
from	O
Lincoln	T-1
,	O
Nebraska	B-LOC
,	O
yelled	O
a	O
tirade	O
of	O
abuse	O
at	O
the	O
court	O
after	O
his	O
conviction	O
for	O
inciting	O
racial	O
hatred	T-0
.	O

"	O
The	O
struggle	T-2
will	O
go	O
on	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
43-year-old	O
shouted	O
in	T-1
German	B-MISC
before	O
being	O
escorted	O
out	O
by	O
security	T-0
guards	T-0
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
's	T-5
lawyer	T-5
vowed	T-0
he	O
would	O
appeal	T-1
against	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
decision	O
,	O
arguing	T-2
that	O
his	O
client	O
should	O
have	O
been	O
set	O
free	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
not	O
committed	O
any	O
offence	O
under	O
German	O
law	O
.	T-4

Lauck	O
's	O
lawyer	T-2
vowed	T-0
he	O
would	O
appeal	T-3
against	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
decision	O
,	O
arguing	O
that	O
his	O
client	O
should	O
have	O
been	O
set	O
free	O
because	O
he	O
had	O
not	O
committed	O
any	O
offence	O
under	O
German	B-MISC
law	T-1
.	O

The	O
German	B-MISC
government	T-3
hailed	T-2
the	O
conviction	T-0
as	O
a	O
major	O
victory	O
in	O
the	O
fight	O
against	O
neo-Nazism	T-1
.	O

The	O
German	T-1
government	T-1
hailed	T-2
the	O
conviction	O
as	O
a	O
major	O
victory	T-3
in	O
the	O
fight	O
against	T-0
neo-Nazism	B-MISC
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
's	O
worldwide	O
network	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
main	O
source	T-0
of	O
anti-Semitic	O
propaganda	O
material	O
flowing	O
into	O
Germany	O
since	O
the	O
1970s	O
.	O

Lauck	T-2
's	O
worldwide	O
network	T-0
has	O
been	O
the	O
main	O
source	O
of	O
anti-Semitic	B-MISC
propaganda	T-3
material	O
flowing	O
into	O
Germany	T-1
since	O
the	O
1970s	O
.	O

Lauck	O
's	O
worldwide	T-0
network	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
main	O
source	O
of	O
anti-Semitic	O
propaganda	O
material	O
flowing	T-1
into	O
Germany	B-LOC
since	O
the	O
1970s	O
.	O

"	O
Lauck	B-PER
possessed	O
a	O
well-oiled	O
propaganda	T-2
machine	T-2
,	O
honed	O
during	T-0
more	O
than	O
20	O
years	O
,	O
"	O
presiding	O
judge	O
Guenter	O
Bertram	O
told	T-1
the	O
court	O
.	O

"	O
Lauck	O
possessed	O
a	O
well-oiled	O
propaganda	O
machine	O
,	O
honed	O
during	O
more	O
than	O
20	O
years	O
,	O
"	O
presiding	T-0
judge	T-2
Guenter	B-PER
Bertram	I-PER
told	T-1
the	O
court	O
.	O

"	O
He	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
propaganda	T-1
cannon	T-1
and	O
fired	O
it	O
at	T-0
Germany	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

said	T-3
Bertram	B-PER
,	O
who	O
also	O
read	O
out	O
extracts	O
from	O
Lauck	T-0
's	T-0
material	T-0
praising	T-1
Hitler	T-2
as	O
"	O
the	O
greatest	O
of	O
all	O
leaders	O
"	O
and	O
describing	O
the	O
Nazi	O
slaughter	O
of	O
millions	O
of	O
Jews	O
as	O
a	O
myth	O
.	O

said	O
Bertram	O
,	O
who	O
also	O
read	O
out	O
extracts	O
from	O
Lauck	B-PER
's	O
material	T-0
praising	T-1
Hitler	O
as	O
"	O
the	O
greatest	O
of	O
all	O
leaders	O
"	O
and	O
describing	O
the	O
Nazi	O
slaughter	O
of	O
millions	O
of	O
Jews	O
as	O
a	O
myth	O
.	O

said	T-1
Bertram	O
,	O
who	O
also	O
read	T-2
out	O
extracts	O
from	O
Lauck	O
's	O
material	O
praising	T-3
Hitler	B-PER
as	O
"	O
the	O
greatest	T-0
of	T-0
all	T-0
leaders	T-0
"	O
and	O
describing	T-4
the	O
Nazi	O
slaughter	O
of	O
millions	O
of	O
Jews	O
as	O
a	O
myth	O
.	O

said	O
Bertram	O
,	O
who	O
also	O
read	T-2
out	O
extracts	O
from	O
Lauck	O
's	O
material	O
praising	O
Hitler	T-0
as	O
"	O
the	O
greatest	O
of	O
all	O
leaders	O
"	O
and	O
describing	O
the	O
Nazi	B-MISC
slaughter	O
of	O
millions	O
of	O
Jews	T-1
as	O
a	O
myth	O
.	O

said	O
Bertram	O
,	O
who	O
also	O
read	O
out	O
extracts	O
from	O
Lauck	O
's	O
material	O
praising	O
Hitler	O
as	O
"	O
the	O
greatest	O
of	O
all	O
leaders	O
"	O
and	O
describing	O
the	O
Nazi	O
slaughter	T-1
of	O
millions	T-0
of	O
Jews	B-MISC
as	O
a	O
myth	O
.	O

Eager	O
to	O
put	O
Lauck	B-PER
behind	T-0
bars	T-0
quickly	T-3
and	O
avoid	O
a	O
long	O
and	O
complex	O
trial	O
,	O
prosecutor	T-1
Bernd	T-1
Mauruschat	T-1
limited	T-2
his	O
charges	O
to	O
offences	O
since	O
1994	O
.	O

Eager	O
to	O
put	O
Lauck	T-0
behind	O
bars	O
quickly	O
and	O
avoid	O
a	O
long	O
and	O
complex	O
trial	O
,	O
prosecutor	O
Bernd	B-PER
Mauruschat	I-PER
limited	T-1
his	O
charges	T-2
to	O
offences	O
since	O
1994	O
.	O

Publishing	T-3
and	O
distributing	T-4
neo-Nazi	B-MISC
material	T-0
is	O
illegal	O
in	O
Germany	T-1
but	O
Lauck	T-2
's	O
defence	O
team	O
had	O
argued	O
that	O
U.S	O
freedom	O
of	O
speech	O
laws	O
meant	O
he	O
was	O
free	O
to	O
produce	O
his	O
swastika-covered	O
books	O
,	O
magazines	O
,	O
videos	O
and	O
flags	O
in	O
his	O
homeland	O
.	O

Publishing	O
and	O
distributing	O
neo-Nazi	T-0
material	T-0
is	O
illegal	O
in	T-2
Germany	B-LOC
but	O
Lauck	T-1
's	T-1
defence	T-1
team	O
had	O
argued	O
that	O
U.S	O
freedom	O
of	O
speech	O
laws	O
meant	O
he	O
was	O
free	O
to	O
produce	O
his	O
swastika-covered	O
books	O
,	O
magazines	O
,	O
videos	O
and	O
flags	O
in	O
his	T-3
homeland	T-3
.	O

Publishing	O
and	O
distributing	O
neo-Nazi	T-2
material	T-2
is	O
illegal	O
in	O
Germany	O
but	T-1
Lauck	B-PER
's	O
defence	O
team	O
had	O
argued	O
that	O
U.S	O
freedom	O
of	O
speech	O
laws	O
meant	O
he	O
was	O
free	O
to	O
produce	O
his	O
swastika-covered	T-0
books	O
,	O
magazines	O
,	O
videos	O
and	O
flags	O
in	O
his	O
homeland	O
.	T-0

Publishing	O
and	O
distributing	O
neo-Nazi	O
material	O
is	O
illegal	O
in	O
Germany	T-0
but	O
Lauck	O
's	O
defence	O
team	O
had	O
argued	O
that	O
U.S	B-LOC
freedom	O
of	O
speech	O
laws	O
meant	O
he	O
was	O
free	O
to	O
produce	O
his	O
swastika-covered	O
books	O
,	O
magazines	O
,	O
videos	O
and	O
flags	O
in	T-1
his	T-1
homeland	T-1
.	O

Interior	T-1
Minister	T-1
Manfred	B-PER
Kanther	I-PER
said	T-0
in	O
a	O
statement	O
he	O
"	O
welcomed	O
the	O
prosecution	O
and	O
conviction	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
ringleaders	O
of	O
international	O
neo-Nazism	O
and	O
biggest	O
distributers	O
of	O
vicious	O
racist	O
publications	O
"	O
.	O

Interior	O
Minister	O
Manfred	O
Kanther	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
he	O
"	O
welcomed	T-2
the	O
prosecution	O
and	O
conviction	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
ringleaders	O
of	O
international	T-0
neo-Nazism	B-MISC
and	O
biggest	O
distributers	T-1
of	O
vicious	O
racist	O
publications	O
"	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
is	O
high	O
time	O
he	O
was	O
behind	T-1
bars	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
opposition	O
Social	B-MISC
Democrats	I-MISC
said	T-0
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
,	O
dressed	O
in	O
a	O
sober	O
blue	O
suit	O
and	O
sporting	O
his	O
trademark	T-0
Hitleresque	O
black	O
moustache	O
,	O
showed	O
no	O
sign	O
of	O
emotion	O
as	O
Bertram	O
spent	O
more	O
than	O
an	O
hour	O
reading	O
out	O
the	O
verdict	O
and	O
explaining	O
the	O
court	T-1
's	O
decision	O
.	O

Lauck	T-2
,	O
dressed	T-0
in	O
a	O
sober	O
blue	T-3
suit	T-3
and	O
sporting	O
his	O
trademark	T-1
Hitleresque	B-MISC
black	T-4
moustache	T-4
,	O
showed	O
no	O
sign	O
of	O
emotion	O
as	O
Bertram	O
spent	O
more	O
than	O
an	O
hour	O
reading	O
out	O
the	O
verdict	O
and	O
explaining	O
the	O
court	O
's	O
decision	O
.	O

Lauck	T-1
,	O
dressed	O
in	O
a	O
sober	O
blue	T-0
suit	T-0
and	O
sporting	O
his	O
trademark	O
Hitleresque	O
black	O
moustache	O
,	O
showed	O
no	O
sign	O
of	O
emotion	O
as	O
Bertram	B-PER
spent	T-3
more	O
than	O
an	O
hour	O
reading	T-4
out	O
the	O
verdict	O
and	O
explaining	T-5
the	O
court	O
's	O
decision	T-2
.	O

But	O
as	O
Lauck	B-PER
was	O
about	O
to	O
be	O
led	T-1
away	T-1
,	O
he	O
turned	O
to	O
reporters	T-0
and	O
blurted	O
out	O
a	O
virtually	O
incomprehensible	O
quick-fire	O
diatribe	O
against	T-2
the	T-2
court	T-2
.	O

"	O
Neither	T-0
the	T-0
National	B-MISC
Socialists	I-MISC
(	O
Nazis	O
)	O
nor	O
the	O
communists	O
dared	T-1
to	T-1
kidnap	T-1
an	O
American	O
citizen	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
shouted	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
oblique	O
reference	O
to	O
his	O
extradition	O
to	O
Germany	O
from	O
Denmark	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
Neither	T-3
the	T-3
National	T-0
Socialists	T-0
(	O
Nazis	B-MISC
)	O
nor	T-2
the	O
communists	O
dared	O
to	O
kidnap	O
an	O
American	T-1
citizen	T-1
,	O
"	O
he	O
shouted	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
oblique	O
reference	O
to	O
his	O
extradition	O
to	O
Germany	O
from	O
Denmark	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
Neither	O
the	O
National	O
Socialists	O
(	O
Nazis	O
)	O
nor	O
the	O
communists	O
dared	O
to	O
kidnap	T-0
an	T-0
American	B-MISC
citizen	T-1
,	O
"	O
he	O
shouted	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
oblique	O
reference	O
to	O
his	O
extradition	T-2
to	O
Germany	T-3
from	O
Denmark	T-4
.	O
"	O

"	O
Neither	O
the	O
National	T-0
Socialists	O
(	O
Nazis	O
)	O
nor	O
the	O
communists	O
dared	O
to	O
kidnap	O
an	O
American	O
citizen	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
shouted	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
oblique	O
reference	T-1
to	O
his	O
extradition	O
to	O
Germany	B-LOC
from	O
Denmark	T-2
.	O
"	O

"	O
Neither	O
the	O
National	T-2
Socialists	T-2
(	O
Nazis	O
)	O
nor	O
the	O
communists	O
dared	O
to	O
kidnap	O
an	O
American	O
citizen	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
shouted	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
oblique	O
reference	O
to	O
his	O
extradition	T-0
to	O
Germany	O
from	T-1
Denmark	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

His	O
attorney	O
,	O
Hans-Otto	B-PER
Sieg	I-PER
,	O
told	T-0
reporters	O
outside	O
the	O
courtroom	O
that	O
the	O
judges	O
had	O
not	O
explained	T-1
how	O
a	O
German	T-2
court	O
could	O
judge	O
someone	O
for	O
actions	O
carried	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
United	T-3
States	T-3
.	O

His	O
attorney	O
,	O
Hans-Otto	O
Sieg	O
,	O
told	O
reporters	T-1
outside	O
the	O
courtroom	O
that	O
the	O
judges	O
had	O
not	O
explained	T-0
how	O
a	O
German	B-MISC
court	O
could	O
judge	O
someone	O
for	O
actions	O
carried	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O

His	O
attorney	O
,	O
Hans-Otto	T-0
Sieg	T-0
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
outside	O
the	O
courtroom	T-3
that	O
the	O
judges	T-1
had	O
not	T-6
explained	T-6
how	T-6
a	O
German	T-4
court	O
could	O
judge	T-2
someone	O
for	O
actions	O
carried	T-5
out	T-5
in	T-5
the	T-5
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
.	O

Bertram	B-PER
said	O
Lauck	O
was	O
obsessed	O
by	O
Nazism	O
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	O
Socialist	O
German	O
Workers	O
'	O
Party	O
Foreign	O
Organisation	O
(	O
NSDAP-AO	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	T-0
its	O
name	O
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	T-1
title	O
of	O
Hitler	O
's	O
Nazi	O
party	O
.	O

Bertram	T-2
said	T-2
Lauck	B-PER
was	O
obsessed	O
by	O
Nazism	T-1
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	O
Socialist	O
German	O
Workers	O
'	O
Party	O
Foreign	O
Organisation	O
(	O
NSDAP-AO	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	T-0
its	O
name	O
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	O
title	O
of	O
Hitler	O
's	O
Nazi	O
party	O
.	O

Bertram	O
said	O
Lauck	T-0
was	T-0
obsessed	T-0
by	T-0
Nazism	B-MISC
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	O
Socialist	O
German	O
Workers	O
'	O
Party	O
Foreign	O
Organisation	O
(	O
NSDAP-AO	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	O
its	O
name	O
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	O
title	O
of	O
Hitler	O
's	O
Nazi	O
party	O
.	O

Bertram	T-0
said	O
Lauck	O
was	O
obsessed	O
by	O
Nazism	O
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	B-ORG
Socialist	I-ORG
German	I-ORG
Workers	I-ORG
'	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
Foreign	I-ORG
Organisation	I-ORG
(	O
NSDAP-AO	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	O
its	O
name	O
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	O
title	O
of	O
Hitler	O
's	O
Nazi	O
party	O
.	O

Bertram	O
said	T-0
Lauck	O
was	O
obsessed	T-1
by	O
Nazism	T-4
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	O
Socialist	O
German	O
Workers	O
'	O
Party	T-2
Foreign	T-2
Organisation	T-2
(	O
NSDAP-AO	B-ORG
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	O
its	O
name	O
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	O
title	O
of	O
Hitler	O
's	O
Nazi	T-3
party	T-3
.	O

Bertram	T-2
said	T-5
Lauck	O
was	O
obsessed	O
by	O
Nazism	T-3
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	T-4
Socialist	O
German	O
Workers	O
'	O
Party	O
Foreign	O
Organisation	O
(	O
NSDAP-AO	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	T-0
its	O
name	T-1
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	B-MISC
title	O
of	O
Hitler	O
's	O
Nazi	O
party	O
.	T-4

Bertram	T-1
said	O
Lauck	O
was	O
obsessed	O
by	O
Nazism	O
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	O
Socialist	O
German	O
Workers	O
'	O
Party	O
Foreign	O
Organisation	O
(	O
NSDAP-AO	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	O
its	O
name	O
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	O
title	O
of	O
Hitler	B-PER
's	T-0
Nazi	T-0
party	T-0
.	O

Bertram	O
said	O
Lauck	O
was	O
obsessed	O
by	O
Nazism	O
and	O
devoted	O
his	O
life	O
to	O
leading	O
his	O
National	O
Socialist	O
German	O
Workers	O
'	O
Party	O
Foreign	O
Organisation	O
(	O
NSDAP-AO	T-1
)	O
,	O
which	O
derives	O
its	O
name	O
from	O
the	O
full	O
German	O
title	T-0
of	T-0
Hitler	O
's	O
Nazi	B-MISC
party	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
three-month	O
trial	O
,	O
the	O
court	O
dealt	O
mainly	O
with	O
issues	O
of	O
the	T-3
NSDAP-AO	B-ORG
's	O
"	O
NS	T-0
Kampfruf	T-0
"	O
(	O
"	O
National	O
Socialist	O
Battle	O
Cry	O
"	O
)	O
magazine	T-4
,	O
filled	O
with	O
references	O
to	O
Aryan	O
supremacy	O
and	O
defamatory	T-1
statements	O
about	O
Jews	T-2
.	O

During	O
the	O
three-month	O
trial	O
,	O
the	O
court	O
dealt	T-1
mainly	O
with	O
issues	T-2
of	O
the	O
NSDAP-AO	O
's	O
"	O
NS	B-ORG
Kampfruf	I-ORG
"	O
(	O
"	O
National	O
Socialist	T-0
Battle	O
Cry	O
"	O
)	O
magazine	O
,	O
filled	O
with	O
references	O
to	O
Aryan	O
supremacy	O
and	O
defamatory	O
statements	O
about	O
Jews	T-3
.	O

During	O
the	O
three-month	O
trial	O
,	O
the	O
court	T-0
dealt	O
mainly	O
with	O
issues	O
of	O
the	O
NSDAP-AO	T-1
's	O
"	O
NS	O
Kampfruf	T-2
"	O
(	O
"	O
National	B-ORG
Socialist	I-ORG
Battle	I-ORG
Cry	I-ORG
"	O
)	O
magazine	O
,	O
filled	O
with	O
references	O
to	O
Aryan	T-3
supremacy	T-3
and	O
defamatory	O
statements	O
about	O
Jews	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
three-month	O
trial	T-0
,	O
the	O
court	O
dealt	O
mainly	O
with	O
issues	O
of	O
the	O
NSDAP-AO	T-1
's	O
"	O
NS	O
Kampfruf	O
"	O
(	O
"	O
National	O
Socialist	O
Battle	O
Cry	O
"	O
)	O
magazine	O
,	O
filled	O
with	O
references	T-2
to	T-3
Aryan	B-MISC
supremacy	T-4
and	O
defamatory	O
statements	O
about	O
Jews	O
.	O

During	O
the	O
three-month	O
trial	O
,	O
the	O
court	O
dealt	O
mainly	O
with	O
issues	T-1
of	O
the	O
NSDAP-AO	T-3
's	O
"	O
NS	T-4
Kampfruf	T-4
"	O
(	O
"	O
National	T-5
Socialist	T-5
Battle	T-5
Cry	T-5
"	O
)	O
magazine	O
,	O
filled	O
with	O
references	T-2
to	O
Aryan	O
supremacy	O
and	O
defamatory	T-0
statements	T-0
about	O
Jews	B-MISC
.	O

The	O
court	T-1
rejected	T-1
Sieg	B-PER
's	O
argument	T-0
that	O
Lauck	O
's	O
extradition	O
from	O
Denmark	O
,	O
where	O
he	O
was	O
arrested	T-2
in	O
March	O
last	O
year	O
at	O
the	O
request	O
of	O
German	O
authorities	O
,	O
was	O
illegal	O
.	O

The	O
court	O
rejected	O
Sieg	O
's	O
argument	O
that	O
Lauck	B-PER
's	T-0
extradition	T-0
from	T-0
Denmark	T-0
,	O
where	O
he	T-1
was	O
arrested	O
in	O
March	O
last	O
year	O
at	O
the	O
request	O
of	O
German	O
authorities	O
,	O
was	O
illegal	O
.	O

The	O
court	O
rejected	O
Sieg	O
's	O
argument	O
that	O
Lauck	O
's	O
extradition	T-2
from	T-1
Denmark	B-LOC
,	O
where	T-0
he	O
was	O
arrested	T-3
in	O
March	O
last	O
year	O
at	O
the	O
request	O
of	O
German	O
authorities	O
,	O
was	O
illegal	O
.	O

The	O
court	O
rejected	O
Sieg	T-1
's	O
argument	O
that	O
Lauck	T-2
's	O
extradition	O
from	O
Denmark	T-3
,	O
where	O
he	O
was	O
arrested	O
in	O
March	O
last	O
year	O
at	O
the	O
request	O
of	O
German	B-MISC
authorities	T-0
,	O
was	O
illegal	O
.	O

Lauck	B-PER
was	O
also	O
convicted	T-1
of	O
disseminating	O
the	O
symbols	O
of	O
anti-constitutional	T-0
organisations	O
.	O

UN	T-0
official	T-0
says	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
deal	T-1
will	O
occur	O
"	O
soon	O
"	O
.	O

A	O
senior	O
U.N.	B-ORG
official	T-1
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
he	O
expected	O
arrangements	O
to	O
implement	O
the	O
Iraqi	T-2
oil-for-food	O
deal	T-0
could	O
be	O
completed	O
"	O
quite	O
soon	O
.	O
"	O

A	O
senior	O
U.N.	O
official	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
he	O
expected	O
arrangements	T-0
to	O
implement	T-2
the	O
Iraqi	B-MISC
oil-for-food	T-1
deal	O
could	O
be	O
completed	O
"	O
quite	O
soon	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
I	O
am	O
reluctant	O
to	O
speculate	O
but	O
we	O
are	O
doing	O
the	O
preparations	O
and	O
the	O
secretary-general	O
is	O
anxious	O
to	O
start	O
the	O
program	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Undersecretary-General	T-1
Yasushi	B-PER
Akashi	I-PER
.	T-0

"	O
It	O
might	O
be	O
sooner	O
than	O
you	O
think	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	T-0
reporters	O
after	O
briefing	O
the	O
Security	B-ORG
Council	I-ORG
on	O
arrangements	O
for	O
monitors	O
needed	O
to	O
carry	O
out	O
the	O
agreement	O
.	O

Akashi	B-PER
is	T-0
head	T-0
of	T-0
the	O
Department	T-1
of	T-1
Humanitarian	T-1
affairs	T-1
.	O

Akashi	T-0
is	O
head	T-1
of	O
the	O
Department	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Humanitarian	I-ORG
affairs	I-ORG
.	O

Suspected	O
killers	T-0
of	T-0
bishop	O
dead	O
--	O
Algeria	B-ORG
TV	I-ORG
.	O

Algerian	B-MISC
security	O
forces	O
have	T-2
shot	T-3
dead	O
three	O
Moslem	T-0
guerrillas	T-0
suspected	O
of	O
killing	O
a	O
leading	O
French	T-1
bishop	T-1
in	O
western	O
Algeria	O
,	O
the	O
Algerian	O
state-run	O
television	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Algerian	O
security	O
forces	O
have	O
shot	T-0
dead	T-0
three	T-0
Moslem	B-MISC
guerrillas	T-2
suspected	T-1
of	O
killing	O
a	O
leading	O
French	O
bishop	O
in	O
western	T-3
Algeria	T-3
,	O
the	O
Algerian	O
state-run	O
television	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Algerian	O
security	O
forces	O
have	O
shot	O
dead	O
three	O
Moslem	O
guerrillas	O
suspected	O
of	O
killing	O
a	T-0
leading	T-0
French	B-MISC
bishop	O
in	O
western	O
Algeria	O
,	O
the	O
Algerian	O
state-run	O
television	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Algerian	O
security	O
forces	O
have	O
shot	O
dead	O
three	O
Moslem	T-0
guerrillas	T-0
suspected	O
of	O
killing	T-1
a	O
leading	O
French	T-2
bishop	T-2
in	O
western	O
Algeria	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
Algerian	T-3
state-run	O
television	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Algerian	T-1
security	T-1
forces	T-1
have	O
shot	O
dead	O
three	O
Moslem	T-2
guerrillas	T-2
suspected	O
of	O
killing	O
a	O
leading	O
French	O
bishop	O
in	O
western	O
Algeria	O
,	O
the	O
Algerian	B-MISC
state-run	T-0
television	T-0
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Security	T-0
forces	O
also	O
arrested	T-2
four	O
other	O
men	O
sought	O
for	O
giving	O
support	T-3
to	O
the	O
slain	T-4
Moslem	B-MISC
rebels	T-1
,	O
the	O
television	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
television	T-3
,	O
which	O
did	O
not	O
say	O
when	O
the	O
security	O
forces	O
killed	O
the	O
rebels	O
,	O
said	T-0
the	O
four	O
arrested	O
men	O
confessed	O
details	O
of	O
the	O
assassination	T-1
of	O
the	O
French	B-MISC
Roman	O
Catholic	O
Bishop	O
Pierre	T-2
Claverie	T-2
.	O

The	O
television	O
,	O
which	O
did	O
not	O
say	O
when	O
the	O
security	O
forces	O
killed	T-0
the	O
rebels	O
,	O
said	T-1
the	O
four	O
arrested	O
men	T-2
confessed	T-5
details	O
of	O
the	O
assassination	T-3
of	O
the	O
French	T-4
Roman	B-MISC
Catholic	I-MISC
Bishop	O
Pierre	O
Claverie	O
.	O

The	O
58-year-old	O
Claverie	B-PER
was	O
killed	O
in	O
August	O
1	O
in	O
a	O
bomb	T-1
blast	T-1
at	O
his	O
residence	O
in	O
the	O
western	O
Algerian	O
city	O
of	O
Oran	O
,	O
hours	O
after	O
he	O
met	O
visiting	O
French	O
Foreign	O
Minister	T-0
Herve	O
de	O
Charette	T-2
in	O
Algiers	O
.	O

The	O
58-year-old	O
Claverie	O
was	O
killed	O
in	O
August	O
1	O
in	O
a	O
bomb	O
blast	O
at	O
his	O
residence	O
in	T-2
the	T-2
western	T-2
Algerian	B-MISC
city	O
of	O
Oran	O
,	O
hours	O
after	O
he	O
met	O
visiting	O
French	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Herve	T-0
de	T-0
Charette	T-0
in	O
Algiers	T-1
.	O

The	O
58-year-old	O
Claverie	T-1
was	O
killed	O
in	O
August	O
1	O
in	O
a	O
bomb	T-2
blast	T-2
at	O
his	O
residence	O
in	O
the	O
western	O
Algerian	O
city	T-0
of	O
Oran	B-LOC
,	O
hours	O
after	O
he	O
met	O
visiting	O
French	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Herve	O
de	O
Charette	O
in	O
Algiers	O
.	O

The	O
58-year-old	O
Claverie	O
was	O
killed	O
in	O
August	O
1	O
in	O
a	O
bomb	T-0
blast	T-0
at	O
his	O
residence	O
in	O
the	O
western	O
Algerian	O
city	O
of	O
Oran	O
,	O
hours	O
after	O
he	O
met	O
visiting	T-2
French	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Herve	O
de	O
Charette	O
in	O
Algiers	T-1
.	O

The	O
58-year-old	O
Claverie	T-0
was	O
killed	O
in	O
August	O
1	O
in	O
a	O
bomb	O
blast	O
at	O
his	O
residence	O
in	O
the	O
western	O
Algerian	O
city	O
of	O
Oran	O
,	O
hours	O
after	O
he	O
met	O
visiting	T-1
French	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Herve	B-PER
de	I-PER
Charette	I-PER
in	O
Algiers	O
.	O

The	O
58-year-old	O
Claverie	O
was	O
killed	O
in	O
August	O
1	O
in	O
a	O
bomb	O
blast	O
at	O
his	O
residence	T-1
in	O
the	O
western	O
Algerian	O
city	T-2
of	T-2
Oran	O
,	O
hours	O
after	O
he	O
met	O
visiting	O
French	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Herve	O
de	O
Charette	T-0
in	O
Algiers	B-LOC
.	O

An	O
estimated	O
50,000	O
Algerians	B-MISC
and	T-4
more	O
than	O
110	O
foreigners	O
have	O
been	O
killed	T-3
in	O
Algeria	O
's	O
violence	T-0
pitting	T-0
Moslem	O
rebels	T-1
against	O
the	O
Algerian	O
government	O
forces	O
since	O
early	O
1992	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
authorities	O
cancelled	T-2
a	T-2
general	T-2
election	T-2
in	O
which	O
radical	O
Islamists	O
took	O
a	O
commanding	O
lead	O
.	O

An	O
estimated	O
50,000	O
Algerians	O
and	O
more	O
than	O
110	T-2
foreigners	T-2
have	O
been	O
killed	T-0
in	O
Algeria	B-LOC
's	O
violence	O
pitting	O
Moslem	T-6
rebels	T-1
against	O
the	O
Algerian	T-3
government	T-3
forces	O
since	O
early	O
1992	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
authorities	O
cancelled	O
a	O
general	T-4
election	T-4
in	O
which	O
radical	O
Islamists	T-5
took	O
a	O
commanding	O
lead	O
.	O

An	O
estimated	O
50,000	O
Algerians	O
and	O
more	O
than	O
110	O
foreigners	O
have	O
been	O
killed	O
in	O
Algeria	O
's	O
violence	O
pitting	O
Moslem	B-MISC
rebels	T-5
against	O
the	O
Algerian	T-2
government	T-2
forces	T-0
since	O
early	O
1992	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
authorities	O
cancelled	T-3
a	O
general	T-4
election	T-4
in	O
which	O
radical	O
Islamists	O
took	O
a	O
commanding	O
lead	T-1
.	O

An	O
estimated	O
50,000	O
Algerians	O
and	O
more	O
than	O
110	O
foreigners	O
have	O
been	O
killed	O
in	O
Algeria	T-2
's	O
violence	O
pitting	O
Moslem	T-3
rebels	O
against	O
the	T-0
Algerian	B-MISC
government	T-1
forces	T-1
since	O
early	O
1992	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
authorities	O
cancelled	O
a	O
general	O
election	O
in	O
which	O
radical	O
Islamists	O
took	O
a	O
commanding	O
lead	O
.	O

An	O
estimated	O
50,000	O
Algerians	T-0
and	O
more	O
than	O
110	O
foreigners	O
have	O
been	O
killed	T-2
in	O
Algeria	O
's	O
violence	O
pitting	O
Moslem	T-1
rebels	T-1
against	O
the	O
Algerian	O
government	O
forces	O
since	O
early	O
1992	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
authorities	O
cancelled	O
a	O
general	O
election	O
in	O
which	T-3
radical	T-3
Islamists	B-MISC
took	O
a	O
commanding	O
lead	O
.	O

German	B-MISC
flown	T-0
cargo	O
January-July	O
rise	O
3.8	O
percent	O
.	O

The	O
following	O
table	O
shows	O
total	O
flown	O
air	T-1
cargo	T-1
volumes	O
in	O
tonnes	T-2
handled	T-3
at	O
international	O
German	B-MISC
airports	T-0
January-July	O
1996	O
.	O

The	O
figures	O
exclude	O
trucked	O
airfreight	T-0
according	O
to	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
airports	T-1
association	O
ADV	O
.	O

-	O
Tegel	B-LOC
10,896	T-0
up	O
3.1	O

-	O
Tempelhof	B-LOC
202	O
down	T-0
60.0	O

Bremen	B-LOC
1,453	T-0
up	T-0
13.1	T-0

Dresden	B-LOC
792	T-0
up	T-0
11.4	T-0

Duessseldorf	B-LOC
31,347	O
down	T-0
4.4	O

Hamburg	B-LOC
21,240	T-0
down	T-0
3.5	T-0

Koeln	B-LOC
(	O
Cologne	T-0
)	O
182,887	O
up	O
11.8	O

Koeln	T-0
(	O
Cologne	B-LOC
)	O
182,887	O
up	O
11.8	O

Leipzig	B-LOC
/	O
Halle	T-0
1,806	O
up	O
45.6	O

Leipzig	T-0
/	T-0
Halle	B-LOC
1,806	O
up	O
45.6	O

Munich	B-LOC
44,525	T-0
up	O
11.8	O

Muenster	B-LOC
/	O
Osnabrueck	T-0
382	O
up	O
28.2	O

Muenster	T-0
/	O
Osnabrueck	B-LOC
382	O
up	O
28.2	O

Saarbruecken	B-LOC
626	T-0
up	T-0
28.3	T-0

Stuttgart	B-LOC
10,655	T-0
up	O
11.7	T-1

-	O
Air	B-ORG
Cargo	I-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
Tel+44	T-1
161	T-1
542	T-1
7706	T-1
Fax+44	T-0
171	O
542	O
5017	T-0

Paribas	B-ORG
repeats	O
buy	T-0
on	O
Aegon	T-1
after	O
results	O
.	O

Paribas	T-0
repeats	O
buy	O
on	O
Aegon	B-ORG
after	O
results	T-1
.	O

Aegon	T-0
83.40	O
Paribas	B-ORG

COMMENT	O
:	O
"	O
Not	O
only	O
did	O
Aegon	B-ORG
surprise	O
with	O
earnings	T-0
of	O
711	O
million	O
guilders	O
,	O
which	T-1
were	T-1
above	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
expected	O
range	O
,	O
it	O
also	O
forecast	O
a	O
similar	O
performance	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
half	O
.	O
"	O

Estimates	O
(	O
Dfl	B-MISC
)	O
:	O
EPS	T-0
P	T-0
/	T-0
E	T-0
Dividend	O

Clinton	B-PER
's	O
Ballybunion	O
fans	T-1
invited	T-0
to	O
Chicago	O
.	O

Clinton	T-0
's	T-0
Ballybunion	B-ORG
fans	O
invited	O
to	O
Chicago	O
.	O

Clinton	O
's	O
Ballybunion	T-1
fans	T-1
invited	T-0
to	O
Chicago	B-LOC
.	O

U.S.	B-LOC
President	T-0
Bill	O
Clinton	O
had	O
to	O
drop	O
the	O
resort	T-1
of	O
Ballybunion	O
from	O
a	O
whirlwind	O
Irish	O
tour	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

U.S.	O
President	T-1
Bill	B-PER
Clinton	I-PER
had	T-0
to	T-0
drop	T-0
the	O
resort	O
of	O
Ballybunion	T-2
from	O
a	O
whirlwind	O
Irish	T-3
tour	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

U.S.	O
President	O
Bill	O
Clinton	O
had	O
to	O
drop	T-0
the	O
resort	O
of	O
Ballybunion	B-ORG
from	O
a	O
whirlwind	T-2
Irish	T-1
tour	T-1
last	O
year	O
.	O

U.S.	O
President	O
Bill	O
Clinton	O
had	O
to	O
drop	T-0
the	O
resort	O
of	O
Ballybunion	O
from	O
a	O
whirlwind	O
Irish	B-MISC
tour	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

So	O
Ballybunion	B-ORG
is	O
going	O
to	O
America	T-0
instead	O
.	O

Two	O
residents	T-1
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	B-LOC
resort	T-0
,	O
where	O
Clinton	O
was	O
to	O
have	O
played	T-2
golf	O
with	O
the	O
Irish	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Dick	O
Spring	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
invited	O
to	O
the	O
Democratic	O
party	O
convention	O
in	O
Chicago	O
on	O
August	O
26-29	O
.	O

Two	O
residents	T-0
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	O
resort	O
,	O
where	O
Clinton	B-PER
was	O
to	O
have	O
played	O
golf	O
with	O
the	O
Irish	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Dick	O
Spring	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
invited	T-1
to	O
the	O
Democratic	O
party	O
convention	O
in	O
Chicago	O
on	O
August	O
26-29	O
.	O

Two	O
residents	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	T-1
resort	T-1
,	O
where	O
Clinton	O
was	O
to	O
have	O
played	O
golf	T-0
with	O
the	O
Irish	B-MISC
Foreign	T-2
Minister	T-2
Dick	O
Spring	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
invited	O
to	O
the	O
Democratic	O
party	O
convention	O
in	O
Chicago	O
on	O
August	O
26-29	O
.	O

Two	O
residents	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	T-0
resort	O
,	O
where	O
Clinton	O
was	O
to	O
have	O
played	O
golf	O
with	O
the	O
Irish	T-1
Foreign	T-1
Minister	T-1
Dick	B-PER
Spring	I-PER
,	O
have	O
been	O
invited	O
to	O
the	O
Democratic	T-2
party	T-2
convention	T-2
in	O
Chicago	T-3
on	O
August	O
26-29	O
.	O

Two	O
residents	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	T-0
resort	O
,	O
where	O
Clinton	O
was	O
to	O
have	O
played	O
golf	O
with	O
the	O
Irish	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Dick	O
Spring	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
invited	O
to	O
the	O
Democratic	B-MISC
party	O
convention	T-1
in	O
Chicago	O
on	O
August	O
26-29	O
.	O

Two	O
residents	O
of	O
the	O
Atlantic	T-3
resort	T-3
,	O
where	O
Clinton	T-1
was	O
to	O
have	O
played	O
golf	O
with	O
the	O
Irish	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Dick	O
Spring	O
,	O
have	O
been	O
invited	O
to	O
the	O
Democratic	O
party	T-2
convention	T-0
in	O
Chicago	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
26-29	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
been	O
asked	O
to	O
bring	O
with	O
them	O
the	O
placards	O
they	O
waved	O
when	O
Clinton	B-PER
addressed	T-0
Ireland	O
at	O
a	O
packed	O
ceremony	O
in	O
Dublin	O
city	O
centre	O
on	O
December	O
1	O
,	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
been	O
asked	O
to	O
bring	O
with	O
them	O
the	O
placards	T-2
they	O
waved	O
when	O
Clinton	O
addressed	O
Ireland	B-LOC
at	T-0
a	O
packed	O
ceremony	O
in	O
Dublin	T-1
city	T-1
centre	O
on	O
December	O
1	O
,	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
been	O
asked	T-1
to	O
bring	O
with	O
them	O
the	O
placards	O
they	O
waved	T-2
when	O
Clinton	O
addressed	T-3
Ireland	O
at	O
a	O
packed	O
ceremony	O
in	T-4
Dublin	B-LOC
city	T-0
centre	O
on	O
December	O
1	O
,	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

They	O
read	O
:	O
"	O
Ballybunion	B-ORG
backs	T-0
Clinton	T-0
.	O
"	O

They	O
read	O
:	O
"	O
Ballybunion	T-1
backs	T-0
Clinton	B-PER
.	O
"	O

"	O
The	O
Democratic	B-MISC
party	T-0
have	O
requested	O
we	O
bring	O
our	O
placards	O
with	O
us	O
.	O

We	O
will	O
be	O
guests	T-0
of	O
the	O
Kennedys	B-PER
,	O
"	O
said	O
Frank	T-2
Quilter	T-2
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
invited	T-1
to	O
Chicago	T-3
.	O

We	O
will	O
be	O
guests	O
of	O
the	O
Kennedys	T-0
,	O
"	O
said	O
Frank	T-1
Quilter	T-1
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
who	O
have	O
been	O
invited	O
to	O
Chicago	B-LOC
.	O

Clinton	B-PER
made	O
a	O
triumphant	T-0
Irish	T-1
tour	T-1
to	O
back	O
a	O
Northern	T-3
Ireland	T-3
peace	T-2
process	T-2
but	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
drop	O
Ballybunion	T-4
from	O
a	O
packed	O
schedule	O
at	O
the	O
last	O
minute	O
.	O

Clinton	O
made	O
a	O
triumphant	T-0
Irish	B-MISC
tour	O
to	O
back	O
a	O
Northern	O
Ireland	O
peace	O
process	O
but	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
drop	O
Ballybunion	O
from	O
a	O
packed	O
schedule	O
at	O
the	O
last	O
minute	O
.	O

Clinton	O
made	O
a	O
triumphant	O
Irish	O
tour	T-1
to	O
back	T-2
a	O
Northern	B-LOC
Ireland	I-LOC
peace	O
process	O
but	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
drop	O
Ballybunion	T-0
from	O
a	O
packed	O
schedule	O
at	O
the	O
last	O
minute	O
.	O

Clinton	T-2
made	O
a	O
triumphant	O
Irish	T-4
tour	O
to	O
back	O
a	O
Northern	O
Ireland	T-3
peace	O
process	O
but	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
drop	T-1
Ballybunion	B-ORG
from	O
a	O
packed	O
schedule	T-0
at	O
the	O
last	O
minute	O
.	T-0

Bonn	B-LOC
says	O
Moscow	T-0
has	O
promised	T-2
to	T-2
observe	O
ceasefire	T-1
.	O

Bonn	O
says	O
Moscow	B-LOC
has	T-2
promised	T-2
to	O
observe	T-1
ceasefire	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	T-3
had	T-3
received	O
assurances	O
from	T-0
the	T-0
Russian	T-0
government	T-0
that	O
its	O
forces	O
would	O
observe	T-1
the	O
latest	O
ceasefire	T-2
in	O
Chechnya	O
.	O

Germany	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
had	O
received	T-0
assurances	T-0
from	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
government	T-2
that	T-1
its	O
forces	O
would	O
observe	O
the	O
latest	O
ceasefire	O
in	O
Chechnya	O
.	O

Germany	O
said	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
it	O
had	O
received	O
assurances	T-0
from	O
the	O
Russian	O
government	O
that	O
its	O
forces	T-1
would	O
observe	T-2
the	O
latest	O
ceasefire	O
in	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
.	O

Foreign	B-ORG
Ministry	I-ORG
spokesman	O
Martin	O
Erdmann	O
said	T-0
top	O
Bonn	O
diplomat	O
Wolfgang	T-1
Ischinger	O
had	O
been	O
assured	O
by	O
senior	O
Russian	O
officials	O
that	O
the	O
ultimatum	O
to	O
storm	O
and	O
take	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
of	O
Grozny	O
was	O
not	O
valid	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	T-0
Martin	B-PER
Erdmann	I-PER
said	T-1
top	O
Bonn	O
diplomat	O
Wolfgang	T-2
Ischinger	T-3
had	O
been	O
assured	O
by	O
senior	O
Russian	O
officials	O
that	O
the	O
ultimatum	O
to	O
storm	O
and	O
take	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
of	O
Grozny	O
was	O
not	O
valid	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Martin	O
Erdmann	O
said	O
top	O
Bonn	B-LOC
diplomat	O
Wolfgang	T-0
Ischinger	T-0
had	O
been	O
assured	O
by	O
senior	O
Russian	O
officials	O
that	O
the	O
ultimatum	O
to	O
storm	O
and	O
take	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
of	O
Grozny	O
was	O
not	O
valid	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Martin	O
Erdmann	O
said	O
top	O
Bonn	O
diplomat	T-1
Wolfgang	B-PER
Ischinger	I-PER
had	O
been	O
assured	T-2
by	O
senior	O
Russian	T-0
officials	O
that	O
the	O
ultimatum	O
to	O
storm	O
and	O
take	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
of	O
Grozny	O
was	O
not	O
valid	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	T-0
Martin	O
Erdmann	O
said	O
top	O
Bonn	O
diplomat	O
Wolfgang	O
Ischinger	O
had	O
been	O
assured	O
by	O
senior	T-1
Russian	B-MISC
officials	O
that	O
the	O
ultimatum	O
to	O
storm	O
and	O
take	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
of	O
Grozny	O
was	O
not	O
valid	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Martin	O
Erdmann	O
said	O
top	O
Bonn	O
diplomat	O
Wolfgang	O
Ischinger	O
had	O
been	O
assured	T-2
by	O
senior	O
Russian	O
officials	O
that	O
the	O
ultimatum	O
to	O
storm	O
and	O
take	O
the	T-0
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	T-1
of	O
Grozny	O
was	O
not	O
valid	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Martin	O
Erdmann	O
said	O
top	O
Bonn	O
diplomat	O
Wolfgang	O
Ischinger	O
had	O
been	O
assured	O
by	O
senior	O
Russian	O
officials	O
that	O
the	O
ultimatum	O
to	O
storm	O
and	O
take	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	T-0
of	O
Grozny	B-LOC
was	O
not	O
valid	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
Russian	B-MISC
side	T-2
confirmed	T-0
that	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
is	O
in	O
place	O
and	O
they	O
will	O
keep	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
Erdmann	O
told	O
Reuters	O
after	O
speaking	O
by	O
telephone	O
to	O
Ischinger	T-1
,	O
who	O
had	O
met	O
the	O
officials	O
on	O
a	O
two-day	O
visit	O
to	O
Moscow	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
Russian	O
side	O
confirmed	O
that	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
is	O
in	O
place	O
and	O
they	O
will	O
keep	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
Erdmann	B-PER
told	T-1
Reuters	T-1
after	O
speaking	O
by	O
telephone	O
to	O
Ischinger	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
met	O
the	O
officials	O
on	O
a	O
two-day	O
visit	O
to	O
Moscow	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
Russian	O
side	O
confirmed	O
that	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
is	O
in	O
place	O
and	O
they	O
will	O
keep	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
Erdmann	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
after	O
speaking	O
by	O
telephone	O
to	O
Ischinger	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
met	T-0
the	O
officials	O
on	O
a	O
two-day	O
visit	O
to	O
Moscow	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
Russian	O
side	O
confirmed	T-0
that	O
the	O
ceasefire	O
is	O
in	O
place	O
and	O
they	O
will	O
keep	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
Erdmann	O
told	O
Reuters	O
after	O
speaking	O
by	O
telephone	O
to	O
Ischinger	B-PER
,	O
who	O
had	O
met	O
the	O
officials	O
on	O
a	O
two-day	O
visit	O
to	O
Moscow	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
Russian	O
side	O
confirmed	T-1
that	O
the	O
ceasefire	T-3
is	O
in	O
place	O
and	O
they	O
will	O
keep	O
to	O
it	O
,	O
"	O
Erdmann	O
told	T-5
Reuters	O
after	O
speaking	T-2
by	O
telephone	O
to	O
Ischinger	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
met	O
the	O
officials	T-4
on	O
a	O
two-day	O
visit	T-0
to	O
Moscow	B-LOC
.	O

He	O
returned	T-1
to	O
Bonn	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Ischinger	B-PER
is	O
the	O
political	O
director	O
of	O
Bonn	O
's	O
foreign	O
ministry	T-0
.	O

Ischinger	T-0
is	O
the	O
political	O
director	T-1
of	T-2
Bonn	B-LOC
's	O
foreign	O
ministry	O
.	O

Ischinger	B-PER
said	T-0
he	O
met	O
three	O
Russian	T-2
deputy	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
and	O
a	O
vice	O
defence	O
minister	O
,	O
who	O
confirmed	T-1
Russian	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Yevgeny	O
Primakov	O
's	O
pledge	O
that	O
Moscow	O
would	O
seek	O
a	O
political	O
solution	O
under	O
the	O
aegis	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
for	O
Security	O
and	O
Cooperation	O
in	O
Europe	O
(	O
OSCE	O
)	O
.	O

Ischinger	T-0
said	O
he	O
met	O
three	T-3
Russian	B-MISC
deputy	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
and	O
a	O
vice	O
defence	O
minister	T-2
,	O
who	O
confirmed	T-1
Russian	T-4
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Yevgeny	O
Primakov	O
's	O
pledge	O
that	O
Moscow	O
would	O
seek	O
a	O
political	O
solution	O
under	O
the	O
aegis	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
for	O
Security	O
and	O
Cooperation	O
in	O
Europe	O
(	O
OSCE	O
)	O
.	O

Ischinger	O
said	O
he	O
met	O
three	O
Russian	O
deputy	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
and	O
a	O
vice	O
defence	O
minister	O
,	O
who	O
confirmed	T-1
Russian	B-MISC
Foreign	T-0
Minister	O
Yevgeny	O
Primakov	O
's	O
pledge	T-2
that	O
Moscow	O
would	O
seek	O
a	O
political	O
solution	O
under	O
the	O
aegis	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
for	O
Security	O
and	O
Cooperation	O
in	O
Europe	O
(	O
OSCE	O
)	O
.	O

Ischinger	T-0
said	O
he	O
met	O
three	O
Russian	O
deputy	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
and	O
a	O
vice	T-3
defence	T-3
minister	T-3
,	O
who	O
confirmed	O
Russian	T-1
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Yevgeny	B-PER
Primakov	I-PER
's	O
pledge	T-4
that	O
Moscow	T-2
would	O
seek	O
a	O
political	O
solution	O
under	O
the	O
aegis	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
for	O
Security	O
and	O
Cooperation	O
in	O
Europe	O
(	O
OSCE	O
)	O
.	O

Ischinger	O
said	O
he	O
met	O
three	O
Russian	O
deputy	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
and	O
a	O
vice	O
defence	O
minister	O
,	O
who	O
confirmed	O
Russian	T-0
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Yevgeny	O
Primakov	O
's	O
pledge	O
that	O
Moscow	B-LOC
would	T-2
seek	O
a	O
political	O
solution	O
under	O
the	O
aegis	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
for	O
Security	O
and	O
Cooperation	O
in	O
Europe	T-1
(	O
OSCE	O
)	O
.	O

Ischinger	O
said	T-2
he	O
met	O
three	O
Russian	O
deputy	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
and	O
a	O
vice	O
defence	O
minister	O
,	O
who	O
confirmed	O
Russian	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Yevgeny	O
Primakov	O
's	O
pledge	O
that	O
Moscow	T-3
would	O
seek	O
a	O
political	O
solution	T-4
under	O
the	O
aegis	T-0
of	T-1
the	T-1
Organisation	B-ORG
for	I-ORG
Security	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Cooperation	I-ORG
in	I-ORG
Europe	I-ORG
(	O
OSCE	O
)	O
.	O

Ischinger	O
said	T-2
he	O
met	O
three	O
Russian	O
deputy	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
and	O
a	O
vice	O
defence	O
minister	O
,	O
who	O
confirmed	O
Russian	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Yevgeny	O
Primakov	O
's	O
pledge	T-3
that	O
Moscow	O
would	O
seek	T-4
a	O
political	O
solution	O
under	O
the	O
aegis	O
of	O
the	O
Organisation	O
for	O
Security	O
and	O
Cooperation	O
in	T-0
Europe	T-1
(	O
OSCE	B-ORG
)	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
ultimatum	T-2
(	O
to	T-0
storm	T-0
Grozny	B-LOC
)	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
quoting	T-1
Ischinger	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
sent	O
to	O
Moscow	T-3
by	O
German	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Klaus	O
Kinkel	O
as	O
his	O
personal	O
envoy	O
to	O
urge	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
Moscow	O
's	O
military	O
campaign	O
in	O
the	O
breakaway	O
region	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
ultimatum	T-3
(	O
to	O
storm	O
Grozny	T-1
)	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
issue	T-4
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	T-0
quoting	O
Ischinger	B-PER
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
sent	O
to	O
Moscow	O
by	O
German	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Klaus	T-2
Kinkel	T-2
as	O
his	O
personal	O
envoy	O
to	O
urge	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
Moscow	O
's	O
military	O
campaign	O
in	O
the	O
breakaway	O
region	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
ultimatum	T-1
(	O
to	O
storm	T-2
Grozny	T-2
)	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	T-4
quoting	O
Ischinger	T-3
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
sent	T-0
to	T-0
Moscow	B-LOC
by	O
German	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Klaus	O
Kinkel	O
as	O
his	O
personal	O
envoy	O
to	O
urge	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
Moscow	O
's	O
military	O
campaign	O
in	O
the	O
breakaway	O
region	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
ultimatum	O
(	O
to	O
storm	O
Grozny	O
)	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	T-0
quoting	O
Ischinger	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
sent	T-1
to	O
Moscow	O
by	O
German	B-MISC
Foreign	O
Minister	T-3
Klaus	O
Kinkel	O
as	O
his	O
personal	O
envoy	O
to	O
urge	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
Moscow	T-2
's	O
military	O
campaign	O
in	O
the	O
breakaway	O
region	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
ultimatum	T-0
(	O
to	O
storm	O
Grozny	O
)	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
quoting	O
Ischinger	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
sent	O
to	O
Moscow	O
by	O
German	T-1
Foreign	T-1
Minister	T-2
Klaus	B-PER
Kinkel	I-PER
as	O
his	O
personal	O
envoy	O
to	O
urge	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
Moscow	O
's	O
military	O
campaign	O
in	O
the	O
breakaway	O
region	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
ultimatum	O
(	O
to	O
storm	O
Grozny	O
)	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	T-1
quoting	O
Ischinger	T-2
,	O
who	O
had	O
been	O
sent	T-3
to	T-3
Moscow	T-3
by	O
German	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Klaus	O
Kinkel	O
as	O
his	O
personal	O
envoy	O
to	O
urge	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
Moscow	B-LOC
's	O
military	O
campaign	T-0
in	O
the	O
breakaway	T-4
region	T-4
.	O

Ischinger	B-PER
said	T-0
the	O
threat	O
of	O
a	O
major	O
assault	T-1
to	O
take	O
Grozny	O
had	O
been	O
the	O
unauthorised	O
initiative	O
of	O
the	O
commanding	O
general	O
and	O
not	O
Moscow	T-2
's	O
intention	O
.	O

Ischinger	O
said	O
the	O
threat	O
of	O
a	O
major	O
assault	O
to	O
take	O
Grozny	B-LOC
had	T-1
been	T-1
the	O
unauthorised	O
initiative	T-2
of	O
the	O
commanding	T-3
general	O
and	O
not	O
Moscow	T-0
's	T-0
intention	O
.	O

Ischinger	T-0
said	T-3
the	O
threat	O
of	O
a	O
major	O
assault	O
to	O
take	O
Grozny	T-1
had	O
been	O
the	O
unauthorised	O
initiative	O
of	O
the	O
commanding	T-2
general	O
and	O
not	O
Moscow	B-LOC
's	O
intention	O
.	O

The	O
officials	O
had	O
been	O
positive	T-1
about	O
Kinkel	B-PER
's	O
request	T-2
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
President	T-0
Boris	T-0
Yeltsin	T-0
's	O
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
should	O
,	O
on	O
his	O
return	T-3
to	O
Moscow	O
,	O
meet	O
Tim	O
Goldiman	O
,	O
the	O
OSCE	O
representative	T-4
responsible	O
for	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
officials	O
had	O
been	O
positive	O
about	O
Kinkel	O
's	O
request	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
President	O
Boris	B-PER
Yeltsin	I-PER
's	O
security	T-0
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
should	O
,	O
on	O
his	O
return	O
to	O
Moscow	O
,	O
meet	O
Tim	O
Goldiman	O
,	O
the	O
OSCE	O
representative	T-1
responsible	O
for	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
he	O
said	T-2
.	O

The	O
officials	O
had	O
been	O
positive	O
about	O
Kinkel	T-0
's	O
request	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
President	T-1
Boris	T-1
Yeltsin	T-1
's	O
security	T-6
chief	T-6
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
should	T-5
,	O
on	O
his	O
return	O
to	O
Moscow	T-2
,	O
meet	O
Tim	T-3
Goldiman	T-3
,	O
the	O
OSCE	O
representative	O
responsible	O
for	O
Chechnya	T-4
,	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
officials	O
had	O
been	O
positive	O
about	O
Kinkel	T-2
's	O
request	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
President	O
Boris	O
Yeltsin	O
's	O
security	T-0
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
should	O
,	O
on	O
his	O
return	O
to	O
Moscow	B-LOC
,	O
meet	O
Tim	T-4
Goldiman	T-4
,	O
the	O
OSCE	O
representative	O
responsible	O
for	O
Chechnya	T-3
,	O
he	T-1
said	T-1
.	O

The	T-0
officials	T-0
had	O
been	O
positive	T-1
about	O
Kinkel	O
's	O
request	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
President	O
Boris	O
Yeltsin	O
's	O
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
should	O
,	O
on	O
his	O
return	O
to	O
Moscow	O
,	O
meet	O
Tim	B-PER
Goldiman	I-PER
,	O
the	O
OSCE	O
representative	T-2
responsible	O
for	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
officials	T-1
had	O
been	O
positive	O
about	O
Kinkel	T-2
's	O
request	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
President	O
Boris	O
Yeltsin	O
's	O
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
should	O
,	O
on	O
his	O
return	O
to	O
Moscow	O
,	O
meet	T-3
Tim	O
Goldiman	O
,	O
the	O
OSCE	B-ORG
representative	T-0
responsible	O
for	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
officials	O
had	O
been	O
positive	O
about	O
Kinkel	O
's	O
request	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
that	O
President	O
Boris	O
Yeltsin	O
's	O
security	O
chief	O
Alexander	T-0
Lebed	T-0
should	O
,	O
on	O
his	O
return	O
to	O
Moscow	T-1
,	O
meet	O
Tim	O
Goldiman	O
,	O
the	O
OSCE	T-2
representative	O
responsible	T-3
for	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
,	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
says	T-0
sees	O
no	O
arms	T-3
race	O
with	O
China	T-1
,	O
Pakistan	T-2
.	O

India	O
says	O
sees	O
no	O
arms	T-0
race	T-0
with	O
China	B-LOC
,	O
Pakistan	O
.	O

India	T-1
says	O
sees	O
no	O
arms	O
race	T-0
with	O
China	O
,	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
.	O

India	B-LOC
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
its	O
opposition	O
to	O
a	O
global	O
nuclear	O
test	O
ban	O
treaty	T-0
did	O
not	O
mean	O
New	O
Delhi	T-2
intended	O
to	O
enter	O
into	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
neighbouring	O
Pakistan	T-3
and	O
China	T-4
.	T-0

India	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
its	O
opposition	O
to	O
a	O
global	O
nuclear	O
test	O
ban	O
treaty	O
did	O
not	O
mean	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
intended	O
to	O
enter	O
into	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
neighbouring	T-0
Pakistan	O
and	O
China	O
.	O

India	T-0
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
its	O
opposition	O
to	O
a	O
global	T-1
nuclear	T-1
test	T-1
ban	T-1
treaty	T-1
did	O
not	O
mean	O
New	O
Delhi	O
intended	O
to	O
enter	O
into	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
neighbouring	T-2
Pakistan	B-LOC
and	O
China	O
.	O

India	O
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
its	O
opposition	O
to	O
a	O
global	O
nuclear	O
test	O
ban	O
treaty	O
did	O
not	O
mean	O
New	O
Delhi	O
intended	T-2
to	O
enter	O
into	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
neighbouring	O
Pakistan	O
and	T-0
China	B-LOC
.	O

Foreign	T-0
Minister	T-0
I.K.	B-PER
Gujral	I-PER
was	O
asked	T-1
at	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
if	O
India	O
's	O
decision	O
to	O
block	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
accord	O
in	O
Geneva	O
would	O
lead	O
to	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
Pakistan	O
and	O
China	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Minister	O
I.K.	T-3
Gujral	T-3
was	O
asked	T-1
at	O
a	O
news	O
conference	T-4
if	T-0
India	B-LOC
's	O
decision	T-2
to	O
block	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
accord	O
in	O
Geneva	T-5
would	O
lead	O
to	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
Pakistan	T-6
and	O
China	T-7
.	O

Foreign	T-0
Minister	T-0
I.K.	T-3
Gujral	T-3
was	O
asked	O
at	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
if	O
India	T-2
's	T-2
decision	T-2
to	O
block	T-4
adoption	T-4
of	O
the	O
accord	O
in	T-1
Geneva	B-LOC
would	O
lead	O
to	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	O
Pakistan	O
and	O
China	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Minister	O
I.K.	O
Gujral	O
was	O
asked	T-0
at	O
a	O
news	O
conference	T-1
if	O
India	O
's	O
decision	O
to	O
block	T-2
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
accord	O
in	O
Geneva	O
would	O
lead	O
to	O
an	O
arms	O
race	O
with	T-3
Pakistan	B-LOC
and	O
China	O
.	O

Foreign	O
Minister	O
I.K.	O
Gujral	O
was	O
asked	O
at	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
if	O
India	O
's	O
decision	O
to	O
block	O
adoption	O
of	O
the	O
accord	O
in	O
Geneva	O
would	O
lead	O
to	O
an	O
arms	O
race	T-0
with	O
Pakistan	T-2
and	T-1
China	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
that	O
possibility	O
because	O
India	B-LOC
is	O
not	O
entering	O
into	T-0
any	O
arms	O
race	T-1
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O
"	O

China	B-LOC
,	O
along	T-4
with	T-4
Britain	T-0
,	O
France	T-1
,	O
Russia	T-2
and	O
the	O
United	T-3
States	T-3
,	O
is	O
a	O
declared	T-5
nuclear	O
power	O
.	O

China	O
,	O
along	T-2
with	T-2
Britain	B-LOC
,	O
France	O
,	O
Russia	O
and	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
declared	T-1
nuclear	T-0
power	T-0
.	O

China	O
,	O
along	T-0
with	O
Britain	O
,	O
France	B-LOC
,	O
Russia	T-3
and	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
is	T-2
a	T-2
declared	T-2
nuclear	O
power	T-4
.	O

China	T-2
,	O
along	O
with	O
Britain	T-3
,	O
France	T-4
,	O
Russia	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
United	T-0
States	T-0
,	O
is	O
a	O
declared	T-5
nuclear	T-1
power	T-1
.	O

China	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
Britain	O
,	O
France	O
,	O
Russia	T-0
and	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
,	O
is	O
a	O
declared	O
nuclear	T-1
power	T-1
.	O

India	B-LOC
carried	T-0
out	O
a	O
nuclear	T-2
test	O
in	O
1974	O
but	O
says	T-1
it	O
has	O
not	O
built	O
the	O
bomb	O
.	O

Experts	T-1
believe	O
both	O
India	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	O
could	T-0
quickly	O
assemble	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
.	O

Experts	O
believe	T-1
both	O
India	T-0
and	T-0
Pakistan	B-LOC
could	O
quickly	O
assemble	O
nuclear	O
weapons	O
.	O

Gujral	B-PER
said	T-2
he	T-0
did	O
not	O
expect	O
India	T-1
's	T-1
veto	T-1
of	O
the	O
Comprehensive	O
Test	O
Ban	O
Treaty	O
(	O
CTBT	O
)	O
to	O
damage	O
bilateral	O
ties	O
with	O
other	O
nations	O
.	O

Gujral	T-0
said	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
expect	T-3
India	B-LOC
's	O
veto	T-4
of	O
the	O
Comprehensive	T-1
Test	O
Ban	O
Treaty	O
(	O
CTBT	O
)	O
to	O
damage	O
bilateral	T-2
ties	O
with	O
other	O
nations	O
.	O

Gujral	T-0
said	T-0
he	O
did	O
not	O
expect	O
India	T-1
's	T-1
veto	T-1
of	O
the	O
Comprehensive	B-MISC
Test	I-MISC
Ban	I-MISC
Treaty	I-MISC
(	O
CTBT	T-2
)	O
to	T-3
damage	T-3
bilateral	O
ties	O
with	O
other	O
nations	O
.	O

Gujral	T-3
said	T-0
he	O
did	O
not	O
expect	O
India	O
's	O
veto	O
of	O
the	O
Comprehensive	T-4
Test	T-4
Ban	T-4
Treaty	T-4
(	O
CTBT	B-MISC
)	O
to	O
damage	T-1
bilateral	O
ties	O
with	O
other	O
nations	T-2
.	O

Gujral	B-PER
said	O
India	T-0
would	O
re-examine	O
its	O
position	T-1
if	O
the	O
treaty	O
,	O
particularly	O
a	O
clause	O
providing	O
for	O
its	O
entry	O
into	O
force	O
,	O
was	O
modified	O
.	O

Gujral	T-0
said	T-4
India	B-LOC
would	O
re-examine	T-2
its	O
position	O
if	O
the	O
treaty	T-1
,	O
particularly	O
a	O
clause	O
providing	O
for	O
its	O
entry	O
into	O
force	O
,	O
was	T-3
modified	T-3
.	T-3

Asked	T-0
what	T-0
India	B-LOC
would	T-2
do	T-2
if	O
the	O
pact	T-3
were	O
forwarded	O
to	O
the	O
United	T-4
Nations	T-4
General	T-4
Assembly	T-4
,	O
Gujral	T-1
said	O
:	O
"	O
That	O
bridge	O
I	O
will	O
cross	O
when	O
I	O
come	O
to	O
it	O
.	O
"	O

Asked	T-0
what	O
India	O
would	O
do	O
if	O
the	O
pact	O
were	O
forwarded	T-2
to	O
the	O
United	B-ORG
Nations	I-ORG
General	I-ORG
Assembly	I-ORG
,	O
Gujral	O
said	T-1
:	O
"	O
That	O
bridge	O
I	O
will	O
cross	O
when	O
I	O
come	O
to	O
it	O
.	O
"	O

Asked	T-3
what	O
India	O
would	O
do	O
if	O
the	O
pact	O
were	O
forwarded	O
to	O
the	O
United	O
Nations	O
General	O
Assembly	T-0
,	O
Gujral	B-PER
said	T-4
:	O
"	O
That	O
bridge	T-1
I	O
will	O
cross	T-2
when	O
I	O
come	O
to	O
it	O
.	O
"	O

In	O
a	O
written	T-2
statement	T-2
released	T-0
at	O
the	O
news	O
conference	O
,	O
Gujral	B-PER
reiterated	T-3
India	O
's	O
objections	O
to	O
the	O
treaty	O
,	O
under	O
negotiation	O
at	O
the	O
Conference	T-1
on	O
Disarmament	O
in	O
Geneva	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
written	O
statement	O
released	O
at	O
the	O
news	O
conference	O
,	O
Gujral	T-0
reiterated	T-1
India	B-LOC
's	T-2
objections	T-2
to	T-2
the	T-2
treaty	T-2
,	O
under	O
negotiation	O
at	O
the	O
Conference	O
on	O
Disarmament	O
in	O
Geneva	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
written	O
statement	O
released	O
at	O
the	O
news	O
conference	O
,	O
Gujral	O
reiterated	T-0
India	O
's	O
objections	O
to	O
the	O
treaty	O
,	O
under	O
negotiation	O
at	O
the	O
Conference	B-MISC
on	I-MISC
Disarmament	I-MISC
in	T-2
Geneva	T-2
.	O

In	O
a	O
written	T-1
statement	O
released	T-2
at	O
the	O
news	O
conference	O
,	O
Gujral	O
reiterated	O
India	O
's	O
objections	O
to	O
the	O
treaty	O
,	O
under	O
negotiation	T-0
at	O
the	O
Conference	T-3
on	T-3
Disarmament	T-3
in	O
Geneva	B-LOC
.	O

Gujral	B-PER
said	O
India	T-0
had	O
national	T-1
security	T-1
concerns	T-1
that	O
made	O
it	O
impossible	O
for	O
New	O
Delhi	O
to	O
sign	T-2
the	T-2
CTBT	T-2
.	O

Gujral	T-0
said	O
India	B-LOC
had	T-1
national	T-2
security	T-2
concerns	O
that	O
made	O
it	O
impossible	O
for	O
New	O
Delhi	O
to	O
sign	O
the	O
CTBT	O
.	O

Gujral	O
said	T-0
India	O
had	O
national	T-1
security	O
concerns	O
that	O
made	O
it	O
impossible	O
for	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
to	O
sign	T-2
the	T-2
CTBT	T-2
.	O

Gujral	T-1
said	T-0
India	O
had	O
national	O
security	O
concerns	O
that	O
made	O
it	O
impossible	T-3
for	O
New	T-2
Delhi	T-2
to	O
sign	O
the	O
CTBT	B-MISC
.	O

"	O
Our	O
security	T-1
concerns	O
oblige	O
us	O
to	O
maintain	O
our	O
nuclear	T-2
option	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
adding	O
that	O
India	B-LOC
had	O
exercised	T-0
restraint	O
in	O
not	O
carrying	O
out	O
any	O
nuclear	O
tests	O
since	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
lone	O
test	O
blast	O
in	O
1974	O
.	O

Britain	B-LOC
says	T-1
death	O
of	O
its	O
citizen	T-0
will	O
sour	O
ties	O
.	O

A	O
British	B-MISC
minister	T-1
expressed	O
his	O
government	O
's	O
official	O
disquiet	O
on	O
Thursday	O
at	O
the	O
recent	O
death	O
of	O
a	O
British	O
citizen	O
of	O
Bangladeshi	O
origin	O
at	O
Dhaka	O
airport	T-0
.	O

A	O
British	O
minister	O
expressed	T-0
his	O
government	O
's	O
official	T-1
disquiet	T-4
on	O
Thursday	O
at	O
the	O
recent	O
death	T-2
of	O
a	O
British	B-MISC
citizen	T-3
of	O
Bangladeshi	O
origin	O
at	O
Dhaka	T-5
airport	T-5
.	O

A	O
British	O
minister	T-0
expressed	O
his	O
government	T-2
's	O
official	O
disquiet	O
on	O
Thursday	O
at	O
the	O
recent	O
death	T-1
of	O
a	O
British	O
citizen	O
of	O
Bangladeshi	B-MISC
origin	O
at	O
Dhaka	O
airport	O
.	O

A	O
British	O
minister	O
expressed	O
his	O
government	O
's	O
official	O
disquiet	O
on	O
Thursday	O
at	O
the	O
recent	O
death	O
of	O
a	O
British	O
citizen	O
of	O
Bangladeshi	T-2
origin	O
at	T-0
Dhaka	B-LOC
airport	T-1
.	O

"	O
I	O
have	O
told	O
Bangladesh	B-LOC
leaders	T-3
that	O
British	O
goverment	T-2
has	O
attached	O
serious	O
importance	O
to	O
the	O
resolution	T-0
of	O
the	O
tragic	O
death	O
of	O
Siraj	O
Mia	O
,	O
"	O
Under-Secretary	O
of	O
State	O
for	O
Foreign	O
and	O
Commonwealth	T-1
Affairs	T-1
Liam	T-1
Fox	T-1
Fox	T-1
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
have	O
told	O
Bangladesh	T-1
leaders	O
that	O
British	B-MISC
goverment	T-0
has	O
attached	O
serious	O
importance	O
to	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
tragic	O
death	O
of	O
Siraj	T-2
Mia	T-2
,	O
"	O
Under-Secretary	O
of	O
State	O
for	O
Foreign	O
and	O
Commonwealth	O
Affairs	O
Liam	T-3
Fox	T-3
Fox	T-3
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
have	O
told	O
Bangladesh	O
leaders	O
that	O
British	T-0
goverment	T-0
has	O
attached	O
serious	O
importance	O
to	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
tragic	O
death	O
of	O
Siraj	B-PER
Mia	I-PER
,	O
"	O
Under-Secretary	O
of	O
State	O
for	O
Foreign	O
and	O
Commonwealth	O
Affairs	O
Liam	O
Fox	O
Fox	O
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
have	O
told	O
Bangladesh	T-0
leaders	O
that	O
British	O
goverment	O
has	O
attached	O
serious	O
importance	O
to	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
tragic	O
death	O
of	O
Siraj	T-1
Mia	T-1
,	O
"	O
Under-Secretary	T-4
of	T-4
State	T-4
for	T-4
Foreign	T-4
and	T-3
Commonwealth	B-ORG
Affairs	O
Liam	T-2
Fox	T-2
Fox	T-2
,	O
told	O
reporters	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
have	O
told	O
Bangladesh	O
leaders	O
that	O
British	O
goverment	T-1
has	O
attached	O
serious	O
importance	O
to	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
the	O
tragic	O
death	O
of	O
Siraj	O
Mia	O
,	O
"	O
Under-Secretary	T-0
of	O
State	O
for	O
Foreign	O
and	O
Commonwealth	O
Affairs	O
Liam	B-PER
Fox	I-PER
Fox	I-PER
,	O
told	O
reporters	T-2
.	O

Siraj	B-PER
Mia	I-PER
died	O
at	O
Dhaka	O
airport	O
on	O
May	O
9	O
during	O
interogation	T-0
by	O
customs	O
officials	O
after	O
arriving	O
from	O
London	O
.	O

Siraj	T-1
Mia	T-1
died	O
at	T-0
Dhaka	B-LOC
airport	O
on	O
May	O
9	O
during	O
interogation	O
by	O
customs	O
officials	O
after	O
arriving	O
from	O
London	O
.	O

Siraj	O
Mia	O
died	T-1
at	O
Dhaka	O
airport	T-0
on	O
May	O
9	O
during	O
interogation	T-3
by	O
customs	O
officials	O
after	O
arriving	T-2
from	O
London	B-LOC
.	O

Fox	B-PER
,	O
who	O
arrived	O
in	O
Bangladesh	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
on	O
four-day	O
visit	O
,	O
said	T-0
Britain	T-2
wanted	O
Dhaka	T-3
to	O
act	O
seriously	T-1
on	O
the	O
case	O
.	O

Fox	T-0
,	O
who	O
arrived	T-1
in	O
Bangladesh	B-LOC
on	O
Tuesday	O
on	O
four-day	O
visit	O
,	O
said	O
Britain	O
wanted	O
Dhaka	O
to	O
act	O
seriously	O
on	O
the	O
case	O
.	O

Fox	O
,	O
who	O
arrived	T-2
in	O
Bangladesh	T-0
on	O
Tuesday	O
on	O
four-day	O
visit	T-4
,	O
said	O
Britain	B-LOC
wanted	O
Dhaka	O
to	O
act	T-3
seriously	T-1
on	O
the	O
case	O
.	O

Fox	O
,	O
who	O
arrived	O
in	T-0
Bangladesh	T-1
on	O
Tuesday	O
on	O
four-day	O
visit	O
,	O
said	O
Britain	O
wanted	O
Dhaka	B-LOC
to	O
act	O
seriously	O
on	O
the	O
case	O
.	O

this	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
issue	T-0
in	O
our	O
relationship	T-2
"	O
,	O
said	T-1
Fox	B-PER
,	O
who	T-3
is	O
due	O
to	O
leave	O
for	O
Nepal	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

this	O
is	O
an	O
important	O
issue	O
in	O
our	O
relationship	O
"	O
,	O
said	O
Fox	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
due	O
to	O
leave	O
for	T-0
Nepal	B-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

He	O
said	T-0
the	T-2
Mia	B-PER
's	O
issue	T-3
had	O
been	O
raised	T-1
in	O
the	O
House	O
of	O
Commons	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
the	O
Mia	O
's	O
issue	O
had	O
been	O
raised	T-0
in	T-0
the	O
House	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commons	I-ORG
.	O

Fox	B-PER
said	O
he	O
had	O
brought	O
up	O
the	O
issue	O
at	O
every	O
meeting	T-0
he	O
had	O
had	O
with	O
government	O
leaders	O
in	O
Dhaka	O
.	O

Fox	O
said	T-1
he	O
had	O
brought	O
up	O
the	O
issue	O
at	O
every	O
meeting	O
he	O
had	O
had	O
with	O
government	O
leaders	O
in	T-0
Dhaka	B-LOC
.	O

He	O
said	O
the	T-1
Bangladesh	B-LOC
government	T-0
had	O
assured	O
him	O
it	O
was	O
taking	O
the	O
matter	O
seriously	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
British	B-MISC
government	T-0
wants	T-1
a	O
thorough	O
investigation	O
and	O
a	O
just	O
outcome	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

Fox	B-PER
said	O
the	O
British	T-0
government	T-1
wanted	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
the	O
alleged	O
harassment	T-2
of	O
its	O
nationals	O
at	O
Dhaka	O
airport	O
by	O
customs	O
officials	O
.	O

Fox	T-0
said	O
the	O
British	B-MISC
government	T-2
wanted	T-3
an	O
end	O
to	O
the	O
alleged	O
harassment	O
of	O
its	O
nationals	O
at	O
Dhaka	T-1
airport	T-1
by	O
customs	O
officials	O
.	O

Fox	O
said	T-0
the	O
British	T-2
government	T-1
wanted	O
an	O
end	O
to	O
the	O
alleged	O
harassment	T-3
of	O
its	O
nationals	O
at	O
Dhaka	B-LOC
airport	T-4
by	O
customs	O
officials	O
.	O

Bangladesh	B-LOC
's	O
Criminal	O
Investigation	O
Department	T-1
has	O
charged	T-0
two	O
immigration	O
officials	O
in	O
connection	O
with	O
Mia	O
's	O
killing	O
.	O

Bangladesh	O
's	O
Criminal	B-ORG
Investigation	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
has	T-1
charged	T-0
two	O
immigration	O
officials	O
in	O
connection	O
with	O
Mia	O
's	O
killing	O
.	O

Bangladesh	O
's	O
Criminal	O
Investigation	O
Department	O
has	O
charged	O
two	O
immigration	T-0
officials	T-0
in	O
connection	O
with	O
Mia	B-PER
's	O
killing	T-1
.	O

Mia	B-PER
,	O
a	T-0
father	T-1
of	O
five	O
children	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
restaurant	T-2
business	T-2
in	O
a	O
London	T-3
suburb	O
.	O

Mia	T-1
,	O
a	O
father	O
of	O
five	O
children	O
,	O
had	T-2
a	O
restaurant	O
business	T-0
in	O
a	O
London	B-LOC
suburb	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
fears	O
attempts	T-1
to	O
disrupt	O
Kashmir	T-0
polls	T-2
.	O

India	T-0
fears	T-1
attempts	O
to	O
disrupt	T-2
Kashmir	B-LOC
polls	O
.	T-2

SRINAGAR	B-LOC
,	O
India	T-0
1996-08-22	O

India	B-LOC
's	O
Home	O
(	O
interior	O
)	O
Minister	O
accused	T-2
Pakistan	O
on	O
on	O
Thursday	O
of	O
planning	O
to	O
disrupt	O
state	O
elections	O
in	O
troubled	O
Jammu	T-0
and	O
Kashmir	T-1
state	O
.	O

India	O
's	O
Home	O
(	O
interior	O
)	O
Minister	T-1
accused	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
on	O
on	O
Thursday	O
of	O
planning	T-0
to	T-0
disrupt	T-0
state	O
elections	O
in	O
troubled	O
Jammu	T-2
and	O
Kashmir	T-3
state	O
.	O

India	T-0
's	T-0
Home	T-0
(	O
interior	O
)	O
Minister	T-1
accused	O
Pakistan	O
on	O
on	O
Thursday	O
of	O
planning	O
to	O
disrupt	O
state	O
elections	O
in	O
troubled	T-2
Jammu	B-LOC
and	T-3
Kashmir	O
state	O
.	O

India	T-0
's	O
Home	O
(	O
interior	O
)	O
Minister	T-2
accused	O
Pakistan	O
on	O
on	O
Thursday	O
of	O
planning	O
to	O
disrupt	O
state	O
elections	O
in	O
troubled	O
Jammu	T-1
and	O
Kashmir	B-LOC
state	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
seems	O
that	O
from	O
across	O
the	O
border	O
there	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
planned	O
attempt	O
to	O
disrupt	O
the	O
elections	O
,	O
"	O
Inderjit	B-PER
Gupta	I-PER
told	O
reporters	T-0
in	O
the	O
state	O
capital	O
Srinagar	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
seems	O
that	O
from	O
across	O
the	O
border	O
there	O
is	O
going	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
planned	O
attempt	O
to	O
disrupt	O
the	O
elections	O
,	O
"	O
Inderjit	T-0
Gupta	T-0
told	O
reporters	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
capital	T-1
Srinagar	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
local	T-2
polls	T-2
next	O
month	O
will	O
be	O
the	O
first	O
since	O
1987	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
,	O
clamped	T-1
under	O
direct	T-0
rule	T-0
from	T-0
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
since	O
1990	O
.	O

India	B-LOC
has	T-1
often	T-1
accused	T-1
Pakistan	O
of	O
abetting	O
militancy	O
in	O
the	O
valley	O
,	O
a	O
charge	O
Islamabad	T-2
has	O
always	O
denied	O
.	O

India	O
has	O
often	O
accused	T-0
Pakistan	B-LOC
of	O
abetting	T-1
militancy	T-1
in	O
the	O
valley	T-2
,	O
a	O
charge	O
Islamabad	T-3
has	O
always	O
denied	O
.	O

India	T-1
has	O
often	O
accused	O
Pakistan	O
of	O
abetting	O
militancy	O
in	O
the	O
valley	O
,	O
a	O
charge	O
Islamabad	B-LOC
has	O
always	O
denied	T-0
.	T-1

Gupta	B-PER
said	T-0
there	O
might	O
be	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
people	T-3
infiltrating	T-1
the	O
Kashmir	O
valley	O
to	O
create	O
disturbance	T-2
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

Gupta	T-0
said	T-1
there	O
might	O
be	O
an	O
increase	T-2
in	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
people	O
infiltrating	O
the	T-3
Kashmir	B-LOC
valley	O
to	O
create	O
disturbance	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
noticed	T-0
among	O
the	O
people	O
who	T-2
come	O
from	O
across	O
the	O
border	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
growing	O
number	O
of	O
foreign	O
mercenaries	T-3
,	O
"	O
Gupta	B-PER
said	T-1
.	O

India	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	T-1
have	O
fought	O
two	O
of	O
their	O
three	O
wars	O
over	O
the	O
troubled	O
region	O
of	O
Kashmir	O
since	O
independence	O
from	O
Britain	T-0
in	O
1947	O
.	O

India	O
and	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
have	O
fought	O
two	O
of	O
their	O
three	O
wars	O
over	O
the	O
troubled	T-0
region	T-0
of	O
Kashmir	O
since	O
independence	O
from	O
Britain	O
in	O
1947	O
.	O

India	O
and	O
Pakistan	O
have	O
fought	T-0
two	O
of	O
their	O
three	O
wars	T-1
over	O
the	O
troubled	T-3
region	T-3
of	T-3
Kashmir	B-LOC
since	O
independence	T-2
from	O
Britain	O
in	O
1947	O
.	O

India	T-1
and	O
Pakistan	T-2
have	O
fought	O
two	O
of	O
their	O
three	O
wars	O
over	O
the	O
troubled	O
region	O
of	O
Kashmir	O
since	O
independence	O
from	T-3
Britain	B-LOC
in	O
1947	O
.	O

Prime	O
Minister	O
H.D.	B-PER
Deve	I-PER
Gowda	I-PER
's	O
centre-left	O
government	O
hopes	T-0
the	O
elections	O
will	O
help	O
restore	O
normality	O
and	O
democratic	T-1
rule	T-1
in	O
Jammu	O
and	O
Kashmir	O
,	O
where	O
more	O
than	O
20,000	O
people	O
have	O
died	O
in	O
insurgency-related	O
violence	O
since	O
1990	O
.	O

Prime	T-0
Minister	T-0
H.D.	T-0
Deve	T-0
Gowda	T-0
's	O
centre-left	O
government	O
hopes	O
the	O
elections	O
will	O
help	O
restore	O
normality	O
and	O
democratic	T-1
rule	O
in	O
Jammu	B-LOC
and	O
Kashmir	O
,	O
where	O
more	O
than	O
20,000	O
people	O
have	O
died	O
in	O
insurgency-related	T-2
violence	O
since	O
1990	O
.	T-2

Prime	O
Minister	O
H.D.	T-0
Deve	T-0
Gowda	T-0
's	T-0
centre-left	O
government	O
hopes	O
the	O
elections	O
will	O
help	O
restore	O
normality	O
and	O
democratic	O
rule	O
in	O
Jammu	T-1
and	O
Kashmir	B-LOC
,	O
where	T-2
more	O
than	O
20,000	O
people	O
have	O
died	O
in	O
insurgency-related	O
violence	O
since	O
1990	O
.	O

Over	O
a	O
dozen	O
militant	T-1
groups	O
are	O
fighting	T-2
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
's	O
rule	O
in	O
the	O
state	T-0
.	O

Dhaka	B-LOC
stocks	O
end	O
up	O
on	O
gains	T-0
by	O
engineering	O
,	O
banks	T-1
.	O

Dhaka	B-LOC
stocks	O
edged	O
up	O
on	O
sharply	O
higher	O
volume	O
as	O
engineering	O
and	O
cash	O
shares	O
gained	T-0
amid	O
buying	O
by	O
both	O
small	O
and	O
institutional	O
investors	O
,	O
brokers	O
said	T-1
.	O

The	O
Dhaka	B-ORG
Stock	I-ORG
Exchange	I-ORG
(	O
DSE	T-1
)	O
all-share	O
price	T-2
index	T-2
rose	O
8.05	O
points	O
or	O
0.7	O
percent	O
to	O
1,156.79	O
on	O
a	O
turnover	T-0
of	O
146.2	O
million	O
taka	O
.	O

The	O
Dhaka	O
Stock	T-0
Exchange	T-0
(	O
DSE	B-ORG
)	O
all-share	O
price	O
index	O
rose	O
8.05	O
points	O
or	O
0.7	O
percent	O
to	O
1,156.79	O
on	O
a	O
turnover	T-1
of	O
146.2	O
million	O
taka	O
.	O

National	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
rose	O
12.71	O
taka	T-1
to	O
228.7	O
,	O
Eastern	T-2
Cables	T-2
gained	T-3
20.37	O
to	O
677.98	O
and	O
Apex	T-0
Tannery	T-0
lost	T-4
22.72	O
to	O
597	O
.	O

National	T-0
Bank	O
rose	O
12.71	O
taka	O
to	O
228.7	O
,	O
Eastern	B-ORG
Cables	I-ORG
gained	T-1
20.37	T-1
to	T-1
677.98	T-1
and	O
Apex	O
Tannery	O
lost	O
22.72	O
to	O
597	O
.	O

National	T-0
Bank	T-0
rose	T-3
12.71	O
taka	O
to	O
228.7	O
,	O
Eastern	T-1
Cables	T-1
gained	T-4
20.37	O
to	O
677.98	O
and	O
Apex	B-ORG
Tannery	I-ORG
lost	T-2
22.72	T-2
to	T-2
597	T-2
.	O

India	B-LOC
RBI	T-1
chief	T-1
sees	O
cut	T-0
in	O
cash	O
reserve	O
ratio	O
.	O

India	T-1
RBI	B-ORG
chief	T-0
sees	O
cut	O
in	O
cash	O
reserve	O
ratio	O
.	O

The	T-0
Reserve	B-ORG
bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
India	I-ORG
governor	T-4
C.	O
Rangarajan	O
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
he	O
expected	O
the	O
cash	O
reserve	O
ratio	O
(	O
CRR	O
)	O
maintained	O
by	O
banks	T-2
to	O
be	O
reduced	O
over	O
the	O
medium	T-3
term	T-3
.	O

The	O
Reserve	T-2
bank	T-2
of	O
India	O
governor	T-0
C.	B-PER
Rangarajan	I-PER
said	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
he	O
expected	O
the	O
cash	O
reserve	O
ratio	O
(	O
CRR	O
)	O
maintained	O
by	O
banks	O
to	O
be	O
reduced	O
over	O
the	O
medium	O
term	O
.	O

"	O
Over	O
the	O
medium	O
term	O
,	O
yes	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
told	T-1
Reuters	B-ORG
after	O
addressing	T-0
industrialists	O
in	O
the	O
capital	T-2
.	O

Rangarajan	B-PER
explained	T-0
that	O
the	O
cash	O
reserve	O
ratio	O
was	O
an	O
instrument	O
that	O
central	O
banks	O
could	O
use	O
to	O
regulate	O
money	O
supply	O
by	O
reducing	O
or	O
increasing	O
the	O
ratio	O
.	O

--	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
newsroom	T-1
,	O
+91-11-3012024	T-0

Two	O
pct	O
India	B-LOC
current	O
account	O
deficit	T-0
viable	O
-	O
RBI	O
.	O

Two	O
pct	O
India	O
current	O
account	O
deficit	T-0
viable	O
-	O
RBI	B-ORG
.	O

The	O
Reserve	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
India	I-ORG
Governor	O
Chakravarty	O
Rangarajan	O
said	T-0
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
a	O
current	O
account	T-3
deficit	O
of	O
two	O
percent	O
of	O
gross	O
domestic	O
product	O
(	O
GDP	O
)	O
was	O
sustainable	T-1
given	O
the	O
currrent	O
rate	O
of	O
growth	T-2
.	O

The	T-0
Reserve	T-0
Bank	T-0
of	T-0
India	T-0
Governor	T-1
Chakravarty	B-PER
Rangarajan	I-PER
said	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
a	O
current	O
account	O
deficit	O
of	O
two	O
percent	O
of	O
gross	O
domestic	O
product	O
(	O
GDP	O
)	O
was	O
sustainable	O
given	O
the	O
currrent	O
rate	O
of	O
growth	O
.	O

"	O
The	T-1
current	T-1
account	T-1
deficit	O
of	O
around	O
two	O
percent	O
of	O
GDP	T-0
is	O
a	O
sustainable	O
level	O
of	O
deficit	O
given	O
the	O
expected	O
real	O
growth	T-2
rate	T-2
and	O
the	O
trends	O
in	O
imports	O
and	O
exports	O
,	O
"	O
Rangarajan	B-PER
said	T-4
in	O
an	O
address	O
to	O
business	T-3
leaders	T-3
in	O
New	O
Delhi	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
current	O
account	O
deficit	O
of	O
around	O
two	O
percent	O
of	O
GDP	O
is	O
a	O
sustainable	T-1
level	O
of	O
deficit	O
given	O
the	O
expected	O
real	O
growth	O
rate	O
and	O
the	O
trends	O
in	O
imports	O
and	O
exports	O
,	O
"	O
Rangarajan	O
said	O
in	O
an	O
address	O
to	O
business	O
leaders	T-0
in	O
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
.	O

Rangarajan	B-PER
said	T-0
a	O
current	O
account	T-1
deficit	O
of	O
two	O
percent	O
brought	O
about	O
by	O
a	O
16-17	O
percent	O
annual	O
growth	O
in	O
exports	O
and	O
a	O
14-15	O
percent	O
rise	O
in	O
imports	O
along	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
non-debt	O
flows	O
could	O
lead	O
to	O
a	O
reduction	O
in	O
the	O
debt-service	O
ratio	O
to	O
below	O
20	O
percent	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
five	O
years	O
.	O

--	O
Bombay	B-LOC
newsroom	T-0
+91-22-265	O
9000	O

Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
devoted	T-1
to	O
world	O
's	O
poor	T-0
.	O

Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
,	O
known	T-1
as	T-1
the	T-1
Saint	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
Gutters	T-1
,	O
won	T-2
the	O
Nobel	O
Peace	O
Prize	O
in	O
1979	O
for	O
bringing	O
hope	O
and	O
dignity	O
to	O
millions	O
of	O
poor	O
,	O
unwanted	O
people	O
with	O
her	O
simple	O
message	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
poor	O
must	O
know	O
that	O
we	O
love	O
them	O
.	O
"	O

Mother	O
Teresa	O
,	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
Saint	B-PER
of	I-PER
the	I-PER
Gutters	I-PER
,	O
won	O
the	O
Nobel	O
Peace	O
Prize	O
in	O
1979	O
for	O
bringing	T-0
hope	T-0
and	T-0
dignity	T-0
to	O
millions	O
of	O
poor	O
,	O
unwanted	O
people	O
with	O
her	O
simple	O
message	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
poor	O
must	O
know	O
that	O
we	O
love	O
them	O
.	O
"	O

Mother	O
Teresa	O
,	O
known	T-1
as	O
the	O
Saint	O
of	O
the	O
Gutters	O
,	O
won	T-2
the	O
Nobel	B-MISC
Peace	I-MISC
Prize	I-MISC
in	O
1979	O
for	O
bringing	O
hope	O
and	O
dignity	O
to	O
millions	O
of	O
poor	T-3
,	O
unwanted	T-0
people	O
with	O
her	O
simple	O
message	O
:	O
"	O
The	O
poor	T-4
must	O
know	O
that	O
we	O
love	O
them	O
.	O
"	O

While	O
the	O
world	O
heaps	O
honours	O
on	O
her	O
and	O
even	O
regards	O
her	O
as	O
a	O
living	T-0
saint	T-0
,	O
the	O
nun	O
of	O
Albanian	B-MISC
descent	O
maintains	T-1
she	O
is	O
merely	O
doing	O
God	O
's	O
work	O
.	O

While	O
the	O
world	O
heaps	O
honours	O
on	O
her	O
and	O
even	O
regards	O
her	O
as	O
a	O
living	O
saint	O
,	O
the	O
nun	O
of	O
Albanian	O
descent	O
maintains	O
she	T-0
is	T-0
merely	O
doing	O
God	B-PER
's	O
work	T-1
.	O

The	O
diminutive	O
Roman	B-MISC
Catholic	I-MISC
missionary	T-0
was	O
on	O
respiratory	O
support	T-1
in	O
intensive	O
care	O
in	O
an	O
Indian	O
nursing	O
home	O
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
suffering	O
heart	O
failure	O
.	O

The	O
diminutive	O
Roman	T-0
Catholic	T-0
missionary	T-0
was	O
on	O
respiratory	T-1
support	T-1
in	O
intensive	T-2
care	T-2
in	O
an	O
Indian	B-MISC
nursing	O
home	O
on	O
Thursday	O
after	O
suffering	O
heart	T-3
failure	T-3
.	O

But	O
an	O
attending	T-2
doctor	O
said	T-1
Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
,	O
who	O
turns	O
86	T-0
next	T-3
Tuesday	T-3
,	O
was	O
conscious	O
and	O
in	O
stable	O
condition	O
.	O

The	O
task	O
Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
began	T-0
alone	O
in	O
1949	O
in	O
the	O
slums	O
of	O
densely-populated	O
Calcutta	O
,	O
and	O
grew	O
to	O
touch	O
the	O
hearts	O
of	O
people	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
.	O

The	O
task	O
Mother	O
Teresa	O
began	O
alone	O
in	O
1949	O
in	O
the	O
slums	O
of	O
densely-populated	T-1
Calcutta	B-LOC
,	O
and	O
grew	O
to	O
touch	O
the	O
hearts	O
of	O
people	O
around	O
the	O
world	O
.	T-1

When	O
in	O
1979	O
she	O
was	O
told	O
she	O
had	O
won	T-0
the	T-0
Nobel	B-MISC
Peace	I-MISC
Prize	I-MISC
,	O
she	O
said	T-1
characteristically	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
am	O
unworthy	O
.	O
"	O

The	O
world	O
disagreed	O
,	O
showering	O
more	O
than	O
80	O
national	O
and	O
international	O
honours	T-1
on	O
her	O
including	O
the	O
Bharat	B-MISC
Ratna	I-MISC
,	O
or	T-2
Jewel	T-0
of	T-0
India	T-0
,	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
highest	O
civilian	O
award	O
.	O

The	O
world	O
disagreed	O
,	O
showering	O
more	O
than	O
80	O
national	O
and	O
international	T-3
honours	O
on	O
her	O
including	O
the	O
Bharat	T-2
Ratna	T-2
,	O
or	T-0
Jewel	B-MISC
of	I-MISC
India	I-MISC
,	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
highest	O
civilian	O
award	T-1
.	T-3

A	O
year	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
Vatican	B-LOC
announced	T-2
she	O
was	O
stepping	T-3
down	O
as	O
Superior	O
of	O
her	O
Missionaries	T-0
of	O
Charity	T-1
order	T-1
.	O

A	O
year	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
Vatican	T-1
announced	T-0
she	O
was	O
stepping	O
down	O
as	O
Superior	O
of	O
her	O
Missionaries	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Charity	I-ORG
order	O
.	O

In	O
1991	O
,	O
Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
was	T-1
treated	T-1
at	O
a	O
California	O
hospital	O
for	O
heart	O
disease	T-0
and	O
bacterial	O
pneumonia	O
.	O

In	O
1991	O
,	O
Mother	T-0
Teresa	T-0
was	O
treated	T-1
at	O
a	O
California	B-LOC
hospital	T-2
for	O
heart	O
disease	O
and	O
bacterial	O
pneumonia	O
.	O

In	O
1993	T-2
,	O
she	O
fell	T-0
in	O
Rome	B-LOC
and	O
broke	T-1
three	T-1
ribs	T-1
.	O

In	O
August	O
the	O
same	O
year	O
,	O
while	T-1
in	T-1
New	B-LOC
Delhi	I-LOC
to	O
receive	T-0
yet	O
another	O
award	O
,	O
she	O
developed	O
malaria	O
,	O
complicated	O
by	O
her	O
heart	O
and	O
lung	O
problems	O
.	O

Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
was	O
born	T-0
Agnes	O
Goinxha	O
Bejaxhiu	O
to	O
Albanian	O
parents	O
in	O
Skopje	O
,	O
in	O
what	O
was	O
then	O
Serbia	O
,	O
on	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
1910	O
.	O

Mother	T-1
Teresa	T-1
was	O
born	T-0
Agnes	B-PER
Goinxha	I-PER
Bejaxhiu	I-PER
to	O
Albanian	T-2
parents	T-2
in	O
Skopje	O
,	O
in	O
what	O
was	O
then	O
Serbia	O
,	O
on	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
1910	O
.	O

Mother	O
Teresa	O
was	O
born	O
Agnes	O
Goinxha	T-2
Bejaxhiu	T-2
to	T-0
Albanian	B-MISC
parents	T-1
in	O
Skopje	O
,	O
in	O
what	O
was	O
then	O
Serbia	O
,	O
on	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
1910	O
.	O

Mother	O
Teresa	O
was	O
born	O
Agnes	O
Goinxha	O
Bejaxhiu	O
to	O
Albanian	O
parents	O
in	O
Skopje	B-LOC
,	O
in	O
what	O
was	O
then	O
Serbia	T-0
,	O
on	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
1910	O
.	O

Mother	O
Teresa	O
was	O
born	O
Agnes	O
Goinxha	O
Bejaxhiu	O
to	O
Albanian	O
parents	O
in	O
Skopje	O
,	O
in	T-0
what	O
was	O
then	O
Serbia	B-LOC
,	O
on	O
August	O
27	O
,	O
1910	O
.	O

At	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
18	O
she	O
became	T-1
a	O
Loretto	B-MISC
nun	O
,	O
hoping	O
to	O
work	O
at	O
the	O
Order	O
's	O
Calcutta	O
mission	T-0
.	O

At	O
the	O
age	O
of	O
18	O
she	O
became	O
a	O
Loretto	T-1
nun	O
,	O
hoping	O
to	O
work	O
at	O
the	O
Order	T-0
's	T-0
Calcutta	B-LOC
mission	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
sent	T-3
to	T-0
Loretto	B-LOC
Abbey	I-LOC
in	T-1
Dublin	T-2
and	O
from	O
there	O
to	O
India	O
to	O
begin	O
her	O
novitiate	O
and	O
teach	O
geography	O
at	O
a	O
convent	O
school	O
in	O
Calcutta	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
sent	T-2
to	O
Loretto	O
Abbey	O
in	O
Dublin	B-LOC
and	O
from	O
there	O
to	O
India	O
to	O
begin	T-3
her	O
novitiate	O
and	O
teach	O
geography	T-0
at	O
a	O
convent	T-1
school	O
in	O
Calcutta	O
.	O

She	O
was	O
sent	O
to	O
Loretto	T-1
Abbey	T-1
in	O
Dublin	O
and	O
from	T-0
there	T-0
to	T-0
India	B-LOC
to	O
begin	T-2
her	T-2
novitiate	T-2
and	O
teach	T-3
geography	T-3
at	O
a	O
convent	T-4
school	O
in	O
Calcutta	T-5
.	O

She	O
was	O
sent	O
to	O
Loretto	T-3
Abbey	O
in	O
Dublin	T-0
and	O
from	O
there	O
to	O
India	O
to	O
begin	O
her	O
novitiate	O
and	O
teach	O
geography	O
at	O
a	O
convent	T-1
school	O
in	T-2
Calcutta	B-LOC
.	T-1

The	O
Vatican	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
mother	O
superior	O
in	O
Dublin	T-0
approved	O
and	O
after	O
intensive	O
training	T-2
as	O
a	O
nurse	O
with	O
American	O
missionaries	O
she	O
opened	O
her	O
first	O
Calcutta	T-1
slum	T-1
school	O
in	O
December	O
1949	O
.	O

The	O
Vatican	O
and	O
the	O
mother	T-2
superior	T-0
in	T-1
Dublin	B-LOC
approved	T-3
and	O
after	O
intensive	O
training	O
as	O
a	O
nurse	O
with	O
American	O
missionaries	O
she	O
opened	O
her	O
first	O
Calcutta	O
slum	O
school	O
in	O
December	O
1949	O
.	O

The	O
Vatican	O
and	O
the	O
mother	O
superior	O
in	O
Dublin	O
approved	O
and	O
after	O
intensive	O
training	O
as	O
a	O
nurse	O
with	O
American	B-MISC
missionaries	T-0
she	O
opened	O
her	O
first	O
Calcutta	O
slum	O
school	O
in	O
December	O
1949	O
.	O

The	O
Vatican	O
and	O
the	O
mother	O
superior	O
in	O
Dublin	O
approved	O
and	O
after	O
intensive	O
training	O
as	O
a	O
nurse	O
with	O
American	O
missionaries	T-2
she	O
opened	T-1
her	T-1
first	T-1
Calcutta	B-LOC
slum	T-0
school	T-3
in	O
December	O
1949	O
.	O

She	O
took	O
the	O
name	T-0
of	O
Teresa	B-PER
,	O
after	O
France	O
's	O
Saint	T-1
Therese	T-1
of	O
the	O
Child	T-2
Jesus	T-2
.	O

She	O
took	O
the	O
name	T-0
of	O
Teresa	O
,	O
after	O
France	B-LOC
's	O
Saint	T-1
Therese	T-1
of	O
the	O
Child	O
Jesus	O
.	O

She	O
took	O
the	O
name	T-0
of	T-0
Teresa	O
,	O
after	O
France	O
's	O
Saint	T-2
Therese	B-PER
of	O
the	T-1
Child	T-1
Jesus	O
.	O

She	O
took	T-3
the	O
name	O
of	O
Teresa	T-0
,	O
after	O
France	O
's	O
Saint	O
Therese	T-1
of	O
the	O
Child	T-2
Jesus	B-PER
.	O

In	T-1
India	B-LOC
she	O
was	O
simply	O
called	T-0
Mother	O
.	O

In	O
India	O
she	T-0
was	O
simply	O
called	O
Mother	B-PER
.	O

Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
set	T-0
up	T-0
her	T-1
first	O
home	O
for	O
the	O
dying	O
in	O
a	O
Hindu	O
rest	O
house	O
in	O
Calcutta	O
after	O
she	O
saw	T-2
a	O
penniless	O
woman	O
turned	O
away	O
by	O
a	O
city	O
hospital	O
.	O

Mother	T-0
Teresa	T-0
set	T-4
up	T-4
her	O
first	O
home	T-1
for	O
the	O
dying	O
in	O
a	O
Hindu	B-MISC
rest	O
house	T-2
in	O
Calcutta	T-3
after	O
she	O
saw	T-5
a	O
penniless	O
woman	O
turned	O
away	O
by	O
a	O
city	O
hospital	O
.	O

Mother	O
Teresa	O
set	O
up	O
her	O
first	O
home	T-3
for	O
the	O
dying	T-1
in	O
a	O
Hindu	O
rest	O
house	O
in	O
Calcutta	B-LOC
after	O
she	O
saw	T-2
a	O
penniless	T-0
woman	O
turned	T-4
away	O
by	O
a	O
city	O
hospital	O
.	O

Named	T-0
"	O
Nirmal	B-LOC
Hriday	I-LOC
"	O
(	O
Tender	O
Heart	O
)	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
of	O
a	O
chain	T-2
of	O
150	O
homes	O
for	O
dying	T-1
,	O
destitute	O
people	O
,	O
admitting	O
nearly	O
18,000	O
a	O
year	O
.	O

Named	O
"	O
Nirmal	T-0
Hriday	T-0
"	O
(	O
Tender	B-LOC
Heart	I-LOC
)	O
,	O
it	O
was	T-1
the	O
first	O
of	O
a	O
chain	O
of	O
150	O
homes	O
for	O
dying	O
,	O
destitute	O
people	O
,	O
admitting	O
nearly	O
18,000	O
a	O
year	O
.	O

Her	O
Missionaries	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Charity	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
Roman	T-0
Catholic	O
religious	T-1
order	O
she	O
founded	T-2
in	O
1949	O
,	O
now	O
runs	O
about	O
300	O
homes	O
for	O
unwanted	O
children	O
and	O
the	O
destitute	O
in	O
India	O
and	O
abroad	O
.	O

Her	O
Missionaries	O
of	O
Charity	O
,	O
a	O
Roman	B-MISC
Catholic	I-MISC
religious	T-1
order	O
she	O
founded	O
in	O
1949	O
,	O
now	O
runs	T-0
about	O
300	O
homes	O
for	O
unwanted	O
children	O
and	O
the	O
destitute	O
in	O
India	O
and	O
abroad	O
.	O

Her	O
Missionaries	O
of	O
Charity	O
,	O
a	O
Roman	O
Catholic	O
religious	O
order	O
she	O
founded	O
in	O
1949	O
,	O
now	O
runs	O
about	O
300	O
homes	O
for	O
unwanted	O
children	O
and	O
the	O
destitute	O
in	T-0
India	B-LOC
and	O
abroad	O
.	O

In	O
1994	O
a	O
British	B-MISC
television	T-0
documentary	T-0
called	O
the	O
myth	O
around	O
Mother	T-1
Teresa	T-1
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
"	O
hyperbole	O
and	O
credulity	O
"	O
.	O

In	O
1994	O
a	O
British	T-1
television	T-1
documentary	O
called	O
the	O
myth	O
around	T-0
Mother	B-PER
Teresa	I-PER
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
"	O
hyperbole	T-2
and	T-2
credulity	T-2
"	O
.	O

Catholics	B-MISC
around	T-0
the	T-0
world	T-0
rose	O
to	O
her	T-2
defence	T-1
.	O

RTRS	B-ORG
-	O
FOCUS-News	T-1
forecasts	O
alien-led	O
profit	T-0
boost	T-0
.	O

Media	O
baron	T-2
Rupert	B-PER
Murdoch	I-PER
's	O
News	T-3
Corp	T-3
Ltd	T-3
reported	T-1
lower	O
than	O
expected	O
1995/96	T-4
profits	T-4
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
but	O
forecast	O
that	O
the	O
hit	O
film	O
"	O
Independence	T-0
Day	T-0
"	O
would	O
help	O
increase	O
profits	O
by	O
at	O
least	O
20	O
percent	O
in	O
1996/97	O
.	O

Media	T-1
baron	T-1
Rupert	T-0
Murdoch	T-0
's	T-0
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
Ltd	I-ORG
reported	O
lower	O
than	O
expected	O
1995/96	O
profits	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
but	O
forecast	O
that	O
the	O
hit	O
film	O
"	O
Independence	O
Day	O
"	O
would	O
help	O
increase	O
profits	O
by	O
at	O
least	O
20	O
percent	O
in	O
1996/97	O
.	O

Media	O
baron	O
Rupert	O
Murdoch	O
's	O
News	O
Corp	O
Ltd	O
reported	O
lower	O
than	O
expected	O
1995/96	O
profits	O
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
but	O
forecast	O
that	O
the	O
hit	O
film	O
"	O
Independence	B-MISC
Day	I-MISC
"	O
would	O
help	T-0
increase	O
profits	O
by	O
at	O
least	O
20	O
percent	O
in	O
1996/97	O
.	O

"	O
From	O
an	O
earnings	O
perspective	O
,	O
the	O
current	O
fiscal	O
year	O
has	O
begun	O
with	O
great	O
promise	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
hit	T-0
motion	T-0
picture	T-0
'	O
Independence	B-MISC
Day	I-MISC
,	O
'	O
"	O
News	O
Corp	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
announcing	O
its	O
results	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
to	O
June	O
30	O
,	O
1996	O
.	O

"	O
From	O
an	O
earnings	O
perspective	O
,	O
the	O
current	O
fiscal	O
year	O
has	O
begun	O
with	O
great	O
promise	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
hit	O
motion	O
picture	O
'	O
Independence	O
Day	O
,	O
'	O
"	O
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	T-0
in	O
a	O
statement	T-1
announcing	T-3
its	T-3
results	T-3
for	O
the	T-2
year	T-2
to	T-2
June	T-2
30	T-2
,	T-2
1996	T-2
.	O

It	O
said	O
moderating	O
paper	O
prices	O
and	O
solid	O
orders	O
for	O
advertising	O
at	O
its	O
Fox	B-ORG
Broadcasting	I-ORG
television	T-0
network	T-1
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
would	O
also	O
help	O
boost	O
profits	O
in	O
the	O
1996/97	O
year	O
.	O
"	O

It	O
said	O
moderating	T-1
paper	O
prices	O
and	O
solid	O
orders	O
for	O
advertising	O
at	O
its	O
Fox	O
Broadcasting	T-2
television	O
network	T-0
in	O
the	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
would	O
also	O
help	O
boost	O
profits	O
in	O
the	O
1996/97	O
year	O
.	O
"	O

A	O
budgeted	O
profit	O
increase	O
of	O
at	O
least	O
20	O
percent	O
for	O
the	O
full	O
year	O
currently	O
appears	O
very	O
attainable	T-0
,	O
"	O
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	O
.	O

News	B-ORG
announced	O
pre-abnormals	T-0
net	O
profit	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
fell	O
six	O
percent	O
to	O
A$	O
1.26	O
billion	O
(	O
US$	O
995	O
million	O
)	O
and	O
earnings	O
per	O
share	O
dropped	T-1
to	O
40	O
cents	O
from	O
46	O
cents	O
.	T-0

News	O
announced	T-0
pre-abnormals	O
net	O
profit	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
fell	O
six	T-3
percent	T-3
to	T-3
A$	B-MISC
1.26	O
billion	O
(	O
US$	O
995	O
million	O
)	O
and	O
earnings	T-2
per	O
share	T-1
dropped	O
to	O
40	O
cents	O
from	O
46	O
cents	O
.	O

News	O
announced	T-0
pre-abnormals	O
net	O
profit	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
fell	O
six	O
percent	O
to	O
A$	O
1.26	O
billion	T-2
(	O
US$	B-MISC
995	T-3
million	T-3
)	O
and	O
earnings	T-1
per	O
share	O
dropped	O
to	O
40	O
cents	O
from	O
46	O
cents	O
.	T-2

Analysts	T-0
had	O
on	O
average	O
expected	O
a	O
pre-abnormals	O
profit	T-1
of	O
A$	B-MISC
1.343	O
billion	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
year	O
just	O
gone	O
was	O
disappointing	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
outlook	O
for	O
the	O
current	O
year	O
looks	T-0
good	O
,	O
"	O
First	B-ORG
Pacific	I-ORG
media	T-2
analyst	O
Lachlan	O
Drummond	O
said	T-1
.	O

"	O
The	O
year	O
just	O
gone	O
was	O
disappointing	T-3
,	O
but	O
the	O
outlook	O
for	O
the	O
current	O
year	O
looks	O
good	T-0
,	O
"	O
First	O
Pacific	T-2
media	T-2
analyst	T-2
Lachlan	B-PER
Drummond	I-PER
said	T-1
.	O

News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	O
strong	O
performances	T-2
in	O
U.S.	O
television	O
and	O
British	O
newspapers	O
were	O
offset	O
by	O
lower	O
profits	T-0
from	O
News	O
Corp	O
's	O
magazine	O
and	O
publishing	O
divisions	O
and	O
further	O
hefty	O
losses	T-1
from	O
its	O
Asian	O
Star	O
TV	O
operations	O
.	O

News	O
Corp	O
said	O
strong	O
performances	T-1
in	O
U.S.	B-LOC
television	O
and	O
British	O
newspapers	O
were	O
offset	T-3
by	O
lower	O
profits	T-0
from	O
News	O
Corp	O
's	O
magazine	O
and	O
publishing	O
divisions	O
and	O
further	O
hefty	O
losses	T-2
from	O
its	O
Asian	O
Star	O
TV	O
operations	O
.	O

News	T-0
Corp	T-0
said	O
strong	O
performances	O
in	O
U.S.	T-2
television	T-2
and	T-2
British	B-MISC
newspapers	T-3
were	T-3
offset	T-3
by	T-3
lower	T-3
profits	T-3
from	O
News	T-1
Corp	T-1
's	O
magazine	O
and	O
publishing	O
divisions	O
and	O
further	O
hefty	O
losses	O
from	O
its	O
Asian	O
Star	O
TV	O
operations	O
.	O

News	O
Corp	O
said	T-0
strong	O
performances	O
in	O
U.S.	O
television	O
and	O
British	O
newspapers	O
were	O
offset	O
by	O
lower	O
profits	T-2
from	T-2
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
's	O
magazine	O
and	O
publishing	O
divisions	T-1
and	O
further	O
hefty	O
losses	O
from	O
its	O
Asian	O
Star	O
TV	O
operations	O
.	O

News	O
Corp	O
said	O
strong	O
performances	O
in	O
U.S.	O
television	O
and	O
British	O
newspapers	O
were	O
offset	O
by	O
lower	O
profits	O
from	O
News	O
Corp	O
's	O
magazine	T-0
and	O
publishing	O
divisions	O
and	O
further	O
hefty	O
losses	O
from	O
its	O
Asian	B-ORG
Star	I-ORG
TV	I-ORG
operations	T-1
.	T-1

Throughout	O
the	O
group	T-1
,	O
higher	O
paper	O
prices	O
increased	T-2
costs	O
by	O
over	O
US$	B-MISC
300	O
million	O
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	T-0
.	O

News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	T-2
British	O
newspaper	T-1
operating	T-0
profits	O
rose	O
10	O
percent	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
as	O
higher	O
cover	O
prices	O
at	T-3
The	O
Sun	O
and	O
The	O
Times	O
and	O
higher	O
advertising	O
volumes	O
offset	O
increased	O
newsprint	O
costs	O
.	O

News	T-3
Corp	T-3
said	T-2
British	B-MISC
newspaper	T-0
operating	O
profits	T-1
rose	T-1
10	O
percent	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
as	O
higher	T-4
cover	O
prices	O
at	O
The	O
Sun	O
and	O
The	O
Times	O
and	O
higher	O
advertising	O
volumes	O
offset	O
increased	O
newsprint	O
costs	O
.	O

News	O
Corp	O
said	O
British	O
newspaper	O
operating	T-0
profits	T-0
rose	T-0
10	O
percent	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
as	O
higher	O
cover	O
prices	T-2
at	O
The	B-ORG
Sun	I-ORG
and	O
The	O
Times	O
and	O
higher	O
advertising	O
volumes	O
offset	O
increased	T-1
newsprint	T-1
costs	T-1
.	O

News	O
Corp	O
said	O
British	T-0
newspaper	T-0
operating	O
profits	O
rose	O
10	O
percent	O
for	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
as	O
higher	O
cover	O
prices	O
at	O
The	O
Sun	O
and	O
The	B-ORG
Times	I-ORG
and	O
higher	O
advertising	T-1
volumes	O
offset	O
increased	O
newsprint	O
costs	O
.	O

Advertising	O
revenues	T-0
at	O
The	B-ORG
Times	I-ORG
grew	O
20	O
percent	O
.	O

Analysts	O
said	O
sharply	O
lower	O
earnings	T-0
from	O
News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
's	O
book	O
publishing	T-3
division	O
and	O
its	O
U.S.	T-2
magazines	T-2
had	O
been	O
the	O
major	O
surprises	T-1
in	O
the	O
results	O
for	O
1995/96	O
.	O

Analysts	O
said	O
sharply	O
lower	O
earnings	T-1
from	O
News	O
Corp	O
's	O
book	O
publishing	O
division	T-3
and	O
its	O
U.S.	B-LOC
magazines	O
had	O
been	O
the	O
major	T-0
surprises	T-0
in	O
the	O
results	T-2
for	O
1995/96	O
.	O

News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
said	T-0
revenue	T-2
gains	O
at	O
its	O
magazines	T-1
and	O
inserts	O
division	O
were	O
offset	O
by	O
higher	O
paper	O
prices	O
and	O
lower	O
sales	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	O
TV	O
Guide	O
.	O

News	O
Corp	O
said	O
revenue	O
gains	O
at	O
its	O
magazines	O
and	O
inserts	O
division	O
were	O
offset	O
by	O
higher	O
paper	O
prices	O
and	O
lower	O
sales	O
at	T-1
the	T-1
U.S.	B-LOC
TV	T-0
Guide	T-0
.	O

News	O
Corp	O
said	T-0
revenue	O
gains	T-1
at	O
its	O
magazines	O
and	O
inserts	O
division	O
were	O
offset	O
by	O
higher	O
paper	O
prices	T-2
and	O
lower	O
sales	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	O
TV	B-ORG
Guide	I-ORG
.	O

News	B-ORG
said	T-0
dramatically	O
lower	T-1
earnings	T-3
from	O
the	O
British	O
arm	O
of	O
its	O
Harper-Collins	O
publishing	O
division	O
more	O
than	O
offset	O
healthy	O
results	T-2
from	O
its	O
U.S.	O
operation	O
.	O

News	O
said	O
dramatically	O
lower	O
earnings	T-0
from	O
the	O
British	B-MISC
arm	O
of	O
its	O
Harper-Collins	T-2
publishing	O
division	O
more	O
than	O
offset	O
healthy	O
results	O
from	O
its	O
U.S.	T-3
operation	T-3
.	T-2

News	O
said	O
dramatically	O
lower	O
earnings	O
from	O
the	O
British	T-1
arm	T-1
of	O
its	T-0
Harper-Collins	B-ORG
publishing	O
division	T-3
more	O
than	O
offset	O
healthy	O
results	O
from	O
its	O
U.S.	T-2
operation	T-2
.	T-2

News	O
said	O
dramatically	O
lower	O
earnings	O
from	O
the	O
British	O
arm	O
of	O
its	O
Harper-Collins	T-0
publishing	O
division	O
more	O
than	O
offset	O
healthy	O
results	O
from	T-1
its	O
U.S.	B-LOC
operation	O
.	O

It	O
said	T-0
the	O
demise	O
of	O
the	O
Net	B-MISC
Book	I-MISC
Agreement	I-MISC
had	O
hurt	O
the	O
British	T-1
operations	T-3
,	O
and	O
weak	O
performances	T-4
from	O
the	O
San	T-2
Francisco	T-2
unit	O
of	O
Harper-Collins	O
had	O
not	O
helped	O
.	O

It	O
said	T-1
the	O
demise	O
of	O
the	O
Net	O
Book	O
Agreement	O
had	O
hurt	T-2
the	O
British	B-MISC
operations	T-3
,	O
and	O
weak	O
performances	T-0
from	O
the	O
San	O
Francisco	O
unit	O
of	O
Harper-Collins	O
had	O
not	O
helped	O
.	O

It	O
said	O
the	O
demise	O
of	O
the	O
Net	O
Book	O
Agreement	O
had	O
hurt	O
the	O
British	T-0
operations	O
,	O
and	O
weak	O
performances	O
from	O
the	O
San	B-LOC
Francisco	I-LOC
unit	T-1
of	O
Harper-Collins	O
had	O
not	T-2
helped	T-2
.	O

It	O
said	O
the	O
demise	O
of	O
the	O
Net	O
Book	O
Agreement	O
had	O
hurt	O
the	O
British	O
operations	O
,	O
and	O
weak	O
performances	O
from	O
the	O
San	T-1
Francisco	T-1
unit	T-0
of	O
Harper-Collins	B-ORG
had	O
not	O
helped	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
they	O
're	O
saying	O
at	O
least	O
20	O
percent	O
,	O
then	O
their	O
internal	O
forecasts	O
are	O
probably	O
saying	O
25	O
or	O
30	O
percent	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
one	O
Sydney	B-LOC
media	T-0
analyst	T-0
who	O
declined	O
to	O
be	O
named	O
.	O

News	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
's	O
shares	T-0
were	O
down	O
eight	O
cents	O
at	O
A$	O
6.39	O
at	O
2.00	O
p.m.	O
(	O
0400	O
GMT	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
soft	O
market	O
.	O

News	O
Corp	O
's	O
shares	T-3
were	O
down	O
eight	T-1
cents	T-1
at	T-1
A$	B-MISC
6.39	T-2
at	O
2.00	O
p.m.	O
(	O
0400	O
GMT	O
)	O
in	O
a	O
soft	O
market	O
.	T-2

News	T-0
Corp	T-0
's	O
shares	T-1
were	O
down	O
eight	O
cents	O
at	O
A$	O
6.39	O
at	O
2.00	O
p.m.	O
(	O
0400	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
in	O
a	O
soft	T-2
market	T-2
.	O

(	O
A$	T-0
1	T-0
=	O
US$	B-MISC
0.79	O
)	O

RTRS	B-ORG
-	O
Budget	T-0
cuts	O
to	O
boost	O
Australia	O
savings	T-1
-	O
RBA	O
.	O

RTRS	O
-	O
Budget	O
cuts	O
to	O
boost	T-0
Australia	B-LOC
savings	T-1
-	O
RBA	O
.	O

RTRS	T-1
-	O
Budget	O
cuts	O
to	O
boost	O
Australia	O
savings	T-0
-	O
RBA	B-ORG
.	O

The	T-0
Australian	B-MISC
government	T-1
's	T-1
plans	O
to	O
slash	T-2
its	O
budget	O
deficit	O
should	O
make	O
a	O
useful	O
contribution	O
to	O
national	O
savings	O
,	O
the	O
Reserve	O
Bank	O
of	O
Australia	O
(	O
RBA	O
)	O
said	T-3
in	O
its	O
annual	T-4
report	T-4
.	O

The	O
Australian	T-1
government	T-1
's	T-1
plans	O
to	O
slash	O
its	O
budget	T-2
deficit	O
should	O
make	O
a	O
useful	O
contribution	T-3
to	T-3
national	T-3
savings	T-3
,	O
the	O
Reserve	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Australia	I-ORG
(	O
RBA	O
)	O
said	T-0
in	O
its	O
annual	O
report	O
.	O

The	O
Australian	O
government	T-2
's	O
plans	T-0
to	O
slash	O
its	O
budget	O
deficit	O
should	O
make	O
a	O
useful	O
contribution	O
to	O
national	O
savings	O
,	O
the	O
Reserve	O
Bank	O
of	O
Australia	O
(	O
RBA	B-ORG
)	O
said	T-1
in	O
its	O
annual	O
report	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
government	O
's	O
announced	T-0
plans	T-0
to	O
balance	O
the	O
budget	O
,	O
if	O
realised	O
,	O
would	O
make	O
a	O
useful	O
contribution	T-2
to	O
raising	O
national	O
savings	O
,	O
"	O
the	O
RBA	B-ORG
said	T-1
.	O

In	O
its	O
1996/97	O
budget	O
announced	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
the	O
Australian	B-MISC
Coalition	T-1
government	T-1
announced	O
an	O
underlying	O
budget	T-0
deficit	O
of	O
A$	O
5.65	O
billion	O
,	O
and	O
pledged	O
to	O
return	O
the	O
underlying	O
budget	O
balance	O
to	O
surplus	O
by	O
1998/99	O
.	O

In	O
its	O
1996/97	O
budget	O
announced	T-1
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
the	O
Australian	T-2
Coalition	B-ORG
government	O
announced	O
an	O
underlying	O
budget	O
deficit	O
of	O
A$	O
5.65	O
billion	O
,	O
and	O
pledged	T-0
to	O
return	O
the	O
underlying	O
budget	O
balance	O
to	O
surplus	O
by	O
1998/99	O
.	O

In	O
its	O
1996/97	O
budget	O
announced	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
the	O
Australian	O
Coalition	O
government	O
announced	O
an	O
underlying	O
budget	T-0
deficit	T-0
of	O
A$	B-MISC
5.65	O
billion	O
,	O
and	O
pledged	T-1
to	O
return	O
the	O
underlying	O
budget	O
balance	O
to	O
surplus	O
by	O
1998/99	O
.	O

The	O
budget	T-1
deficit	T-1
was	T-0
A$	B-MISC
10.3	O
billion	O
in	O
1995/96	O
.	O

"	O
More	O
generally	O
,	O
the	O
long-term	O
effects	O
of	O
fiscal	O
consolidation	O
are	O
clearly	O
positive	O
,	O
with	O
higher	O
saving	O
tending	O
to	O
promote	T-0
economic	T-0
growth	T-0
by	O
raising	O
investment	O
and	O
lowering	O
long-term	O
real	O
interest	O
rates	O
,	O
"	O
the	T-1
RBA	B-ORG
said	O
.	O

BNZ	B-ORG
cuts	T-1
NZ	O
fixed	T-0
home	T-0
lending	T-0
rates	T-0
.	O

BNZ	T-2
cuts	O
NZ	B-LOC
fixed	T-1
home	T-0
lending	O
rates	O
.	O

Bank	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
New	I-ORG
Zealand	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	T-0
it	O
was	O
cutting	T-1
its	O
fixed	O
home	T-2
lending	T-2
rates	O
.	O

BNZ	B-ORG
said	T-1
it	O
was	O
responding	O
to	O
lower	O
wholesale	T-0
rates	O
.	O

--	O
Wellington	B-LOC
newsroom	T-0
64	T-1
4	T-1
4734	T-1
746	T-1

Power	B-ORG
NZ	I-ORG
ODV	I-ORG
up	T-0
8	O
pct	O
at	O
NZ$	T-1
524	O
million	O
.	T-1

Power	T-0
NZ	O
ODV	O
up	O
8	O
pct	O
at	O
NZ$	B-MISC
524	O
million	T-1
.	O

Power	B-ORG
New	I-ORG
Zealand	I-ORG
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
that	O
the	O
Optimised	O
Deprival	O
Value	O
(	O
ODV	O
)	O
of	O
its	T-0
network	T-0
at	O
March	O
31	O
,	O
1996	O
has	O
been	O
set	T-1
at	O
$	O
524.2	O
million	O
,	O
an	O
increase	T-2
of	O
eight	O
percent	O
on	O
its	O
$	O
486.5	O
million	O
valuation	O
a	O
year	O
earlier	O
.	O

requirements	T-0
of	O
the	O
Ministry	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Commerce	I-ORG
.	O

--	O
Wellington	B-LOC
newsroom	T-0
64	T-1
4	T-1
4734	T-1
746	T-1

Thais	O
hunt	T-0
for	O
Australian	B-MISC
jail	O
breaker	T-1
.	O

Thailand	B-LOC
has	T-0
launched	T-0
a	O
manhunt	O
for	O
an	O
Australian	T-1
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
a	O
high	O
security	O
prison	O
in	T-2
Bangkok	O
while	O
awaiting	O
trial	O
on	O
drug	O
possession	O
charges	O
,	O
officials	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Thailand	O
has	O
launched	O
a	O
manhunt	T-0
for	O
an	O
Australian	B-MISC
who	O
escaped	T-1
from	O
a	O
high	O
security	O
prison	O
in	O
Bangkok	O
while	O
awaiting	O
trial	O
on	O
drug	O
possession	O
charges	O
,	O
officials	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Thailand	O
has	O
launched	O
a	O
manhunt	O
for	O
an	O
Australian	T-0
who	O
escaped	O
from	O
a	O
high	O
security	O
prison	T-1
in	O
Bangkok	B-LOC
while	O
awaiting	O
trial	O
on	O
drug	O
possession	O
charges	O
,	O
officials	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Daniel	B-PER
Westlake	I-PER
,	O
46	O
,	O
from	O
Victoria	T-0
,	O
made	O
the	O
first	O
sucessful	O
escape	T-2
from	O
Klongprem	O
prison	T-3
in	O
the	O
northern	O
outskirts	O
of	O
the	O
capital	T-1
on	O
Sunday	O
night	O
.	O

Daniel	T-2
Westlake	T-2
,	O
46	O
,	O
from	T-1
Victoria	B-LOC
,	O
made	T-0
the	O
first	O
sucessful	O
escape	O
from	O
Klongprem	T-3
prison	T-3
in	O
the	O
northern	O
outskirts	O
of	O
the	O
capital	O
on	O
Sunday	O
night	O
.	O

Daniel	O
Westlake	O
,	O
46	O
,	O
from	O
Victoria	O
,	O
made	O
the	O
first	O
sucessful	O
escape	T-1
from	T-1
Klongprem	B-LOC
prison	O
in	O
the	O
northern	O
outskirts	O
of	O
the	T-0
capital	T-0
on	O
Sunday	O
night	O
.	O

He	O
was	O
believed	T-0
by	O
prison	T-1
officials	T-2
to	O
still	O
be	O
in	O
Thailand	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
We	O
have	O
ordered	O
a	O
massive	O
hunt	T-0
for	O
him	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
quite	T-2
confident	O
we	O
will	O
get	O
him	O
soon	O
,	O
"	O
Vivit	B-PER
Chatuparisut	I-PER
,	O
deputy	T-3
director	T-3
general	O
of	O
the	O
Correction	T-1
Department	T-1
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
have	T-2
ordered	T-2
a	O
massive	O
hunt	O
for	O
him	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
quite	O
confident	O
we	O
will	O
get	O
him	O
soon	O
,	O
"	O
Vivit	O
Chatuparisut	O
,	O
deputy	O
director	O
general	T-1
of	O
the	O
Correction	B-ORG
Department	I-ORG
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	T-0

"	O
We	O
have	O
ordered	O
a	O
massive	O
hunt	O
for	O
him	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
quite	O
confident	O
we	O
will	O
get	O
him	O
soon	O
,	O
"	O
Vivit	O
Chatuparisut	O
,	O
deputy	O
director	O
general	O
of	O
the	O
Correction	T-0
Department	O
,	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

Westlake	B-PER
,	O
arrested	O
in	O
December	O
1993	O
and	O
charged	T-0
with	O
heroin	O
trafficking	O
,	O
sawed	T-2
the	O
iron	O
grill	O
off	O
his	O
cell	O
window	O
and	O
climbed	T-3
down	O
the	O
prison	O
's	O
five-metre	O
(	O
15-foot	O
)	O
wall	O
on	O
a	O
rope	O
made	O
from	O
bed	O
sheets	O
,	O
Vivit	O
said	T-1
.	O

There	T-2
are	T-2
266	T-2
Westerners	B-MISC
,	O
including	T-0
six	O
Australians	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
prison	O
,	O
most	O
awaiting	O
trial	O
on	O
drugs	O
charges	T-1
.	O

There	O
are	O
266	O
Westerners	T-1
,	O
including	T-2
six	T-2
Australians	B-MISC
,	O
in	O
the	O
prison	O
,	O
most	O
awaiting	T-0
trial	O
on	O
drugs	O
charges	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
are	O
about	O
5,000	O
Thai	B-MISC
inmates	O
in	O
Klongprem	O
,	O
a	O
prison	O
official	O
said	T-0
.	O

There	O
also	O
are	O
about	O
5,000	O
Thai	O
inmates	O
in	T-0
Klongprem	B-LOC
,	O
a	T-1
prison	T-1
official	O
said	T-2
.	O

Tokyo	B-ORG
Soir	I-ORG
-	O
1996	O
parent	O
forecast	T-0
.	O

NOTE	O
-	O
Tokyo	B-ORG
Soir	I-ORG
Co	I-ORG
Ltd	I-ORG
is	T-1
a	O
specialised	O
manufacturer	O
of	O
women	O
"	O
s	O
formal	T-0
wear	O
.	O

Ka	B-ORG
Wah	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
sets	T-1
HK$	O
43	O
mln	O
FRCD	T-0
.	T-0

Ka	O
Wah	O
Bank	O
sets	T-0
HK$	B-MISC
43	T-1
mln	T-1
FRCD	T-1
.	O

Ka	B-ORG
Wah	I-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
's	O
HK$	O
43	O
million	T-0
floating	T-1
rate	T-2
certificate	O
of	O
deposit	O
issue	O
has	O
been	O
privately	O
placed	O
,	O
sole	O
arranger	O
HSBC	O
Markets	O
said	O
.	O

Ka	O
Wah	O
Bank	O
's	O
HK$	B-MISC
43	O
million	O
floating	O
rate	O
certificate	O
of	O
deposit	O
issue	T-0
has	O
been	O
privately	O
placed	T-1
,	O
sole	O
arranger	O
HSBC	T-2
Markets	O
said	O
.	O

Ka	O
Wah	O
Bank	O
's	O
HK$	O
43	O
million	O
floating	O
rate	O
certificate	O
of	O
deposit	O
issue	O
has	O
been	O
privately	O
placed	O
,	O
sole	T-0
arranger	T-0
HSBC	B-ORG
Markets	I-ORG
said	T-1
.	O

It	O
pays	T-0
a	O
coupon	O
of	O
15	O
basis	O
points	O
over	T-1
the	T-1
six-month	T-1
Hong	B-ORG
Kong	I-ORG
Interbank	I-ORG
Offered	T-2
Rate	T-2
.	O

Clearing	T-0
is	O
through	O
the	O
Hong	B-ORG
Kong	I-ORG
Central	I-ORG
Moneymarkets	I-ORG
Unit	I-ORG
.	O

Malaysia	B-LOC
bans	T-0
nitrofuran	O
usage	O
in	O
chicken	O
feed	O
.	O

Malaysia	B-LOC
has	O
banned	T-3
the	O
use	O
of	O
nitrofuran	T-0
,	O
an	O
antibiotic	O
,	O
in	O
chicken	T-1
feed	O
and	O
veterinary	T-2
applications	O
because	O
it	O
believes	O
the	O
drug	O
could	O
cause	O
cancer	O
,	O
the	O
health	O
ministry	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
is	O
hoped	O
that	O
livestock	O
breeders	O
and	O
feedmillers	O
will	O
abide	O
by	O
the	O
laws	O
and	O
respect	O
the	O
cabinet	O
decision	O
in	O
the	O
interest	O
of	O
consumer	O
safety	O
,	O
"	O
Health	O
Minister	T-0
Chua	B-PER
Jui	I-PER
Meng	O
was	O
quoted	O
as	O
saying	O
by	O
the	O
national	O
Bernama	O
news	O
agency	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
is	O
hoped	T-2
that	O
livestock	O
breeders	O
and	O
feedmillers	O
will	O
abide	O
by	O
the	O
laws	O
and	O
respect	O
the	O
cabinet	O
decision	O
in	O
the	O
interest	O
of	O
consumer	O
safety	O
,	O
"	O
Health	O
Minister	O
Chua	O
Jui	O
Meng	O
was	T-0
quoted	T-0
as	T-0
saying	T-0
by	T-0
the	T-0
national	T-0
Bernama	B-ORG
news	T-1
agency	T-1
.	O

Chua	B-PER
said	T-0
offenders	O
could	O
face	O
a	O
two-year	O
prison	O
sentence	O
and	O
a	O
maximum	O
fine	O
of	O
5,000	O
ringgit	O
(	O
$	O
2000	O
)	O
.	O

INDONESIAN	B-MISC
STOCKS	T-1
-	O
factors	T-2
to	O
watch	T-0
-	O
August	O
22	O
.	O

Following	O
are	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
main	O
factors	O
likely	O
to	O
affect	T-0
Indonesian	B-MISC
stocks	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
:	O

**	O
Security	O
was	T-1
tight	T-1
in	T-0
Jakarta	B-LOC
ahead	O
of	O
a	O
trial	T-2
involving	O
ousted	O
Indonesian	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
leader	O
Megawati	O
Sukarnoputri	O
.	T-2

**	O
Security	O
was	O
tight	O
in	O
Jakarta	O
ahead	O
of	O
a	O
trial	O
involving	O
ousted	T-0
Indonesian	B-ORG
Democratic	I-ORG
Party	I-ORG
leader	O
Megawati	T-1
Sukarnoputri	T-1
.	O

**	O
Security	O
was	O
tight	T-1
in	O
Jakarta	O
ahead	O
of	O
a	O
trial	O
involving	O
ousted	O
Indonesian	O
Democratic	O
Party	O
leader	T-0
Megawati	B-PER
Sukarnoputri	I-PER
.	O

Around	O
200	O
police	O
and	O
troops	O
were	O
stationed	O
outside	T-1
the	O
court	T-0
in	O
central	O
Jakarta	B-LOC
but	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
sign	O
of	O
demonstrators	O
.	O

**	O
The	O
Dow	B-MISC
Jones	I-MISC
industrial	T-0
average	O
closed	O
down	O
31.44	O
points	O
at	O
5,689.82	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
ending	O
a	O
three-session	O
winning	O
streak	O
as	O
investors	O
took	O
profits	T-1
and	O
tobacco	T-2
stocks	T-3
took	O
a	O
beating	O
.	O

**	O
The	O
Jakarta	B-LOC
composite	T-2
index	O
rose	T-0
2.60	O
points	O
,	O
or	O
0.48	O
percent	O
,	O
to	O
542.20	O
points	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
on	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
bargain-hunting	T-1
in	O
selected	O
big-capitalised	O
stocks	O
and	O
secondliners	O
.	O

**	O
On	O
Thursday	O
,	O
the	O
Indonesian	B-MISC
rupiah	O
was	O
at	O
2,343.00	O
/	O
43.50	O
in	O
early	O
trading	O
against	T-0
an	O
opening	O
of	O
2,342.75	O
/	O
43.50	O
.	O

**	O
Packaging	O
manufacturer	T-0
Super	B-ORG
Indah	I-ORG
Makmur	I-ORG
on	O
announcement	O
of	O
a	O
tender	O
offer	O
by	O
PT	O
VDH	O
Teguh	O
Sakti	O
,	O
a	O
wholly-owned	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
Singapore-listed	O
Van	O
Der	O
Horst	O
.	O

**	O
Packaging	O
manufacturer	T-1
Super	T-2
Indah	T-2
Makmur	T-2
on	O
announcement	O
of	O
a	O
tender	O
offer	T-0
by	T-0
PT	B-ORG
VDH	I-ORG
Teguh	I-ORG
Sakti	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
wholly-owned	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
Singapore-listed	O
Van	O
Der	O
Horst	O
.	O

**	O
Packaging	O
manufacturer	O
Super	O
Indah	O
Makmur	O
on	O
announcement	O
of	O
a	O
tender	O
offer	O
by	O
PT	O
VDH	O
Teguh	O
Sakti	O
,	O
a	O
wholly-owned	T-0
subsidiary	T-1
of	T-1
Singapore-listed	B-MISC
Van	T-2
Der	T-2
Horst	T-2
.	O

**	O
Packaging	O
manufacturer	T-3
Super	T-0
Indah	T-0
Makmur	T-0
on	O
announcement	O
of	O
a	O
tender	O
offer	O
by	O
PT	T-1
VDH	T-1
Teguh	T-1
Sakti	T-1
,	O
a	O
wholly-owned	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
Singapore-listed	T-2
Van	B-ORG
Der	I-ORG
Horst	I-ORG
.	O

**	O
Privately-owned	T-2
Bank	B-ORG
Duta	I-ORG
on	O
market	O
talk	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
obtaining	T-1
fresh	O
syndicated	T-0
loans	O
,	O
a	O
management	O
reshuffle	O
and	O
fresh	O
equity	O
injection	O
.	O

**	O
Ciputra	B-ORG
Development	I-ORG
on	O
reports	T-2
of	O
a	O
plan	O
to	O
build	O
property	O
projects	O
worth	O
$	O
2	O
billion	O
in	O
Jakarta	T-0
and	O
Surabaya	T-1
.	O

**	O
Ciputra	O
Development	O
on	O
reports	T-1
of	O
a	O
plan	O
to	O
build	O
property	T-0
projects	T-2
worth	T-2
$	O
2	O
billion	O
in	O
Jakarta	B-LOC
and	O
Surabaya	T-3
.	O

**	O
Ciputra	O
Development	O
on	O
reports	O
of	O
a	O
plan	O
to	O
build	O
property	O
projects	O
worth	O
$	O
2	O
billion	O
in	T-1
Jakarta	T-0
and	T-2
Surabaya	B-LOC
.	O

Key	O
stock	O
and	O
currency	O
market	O
movements	T-0
at	O
1600	O
GMT	B-MISC
.	O

Also	O
shown	O
are	O
the	T-0
London	B-LOC
closing	T-2
values	O
of	O
the	O
German	O
mark	O
,	O
the	O
Japanese	T-1
yen	O
,	O
the	O
British	O
pound	O
and	O
gold	O
bullion	O
(	O
previous	O
day	O
's	O
closes	O
in	O
brackets	O
)	O
:	O

Also	O
shown	O
are	O
the	O
London	O
closing	T-2
values	T-0
of	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
mark	T-1
,	O
the	O
Japanese	O
yen	O
,	O
the	O
British	O
pound	O
and	O
gold	O
bullion	O
(	O
previous	O
day	O
's	O
closes	T-3
in	O
brackets	O
)	O
:	O

Also	O
shown	O
are	O
the	O
London	T-1
closing	T-0
values	T-0
of	O
the	O
German	O
mark	O
,	O
the	O
Japanese	B-MISC
yen	O
,	O
the	O
British	T-2
pound	O
and	O
gold	O
bullion	O
(	O
previous	O
day	O
's	O
closes	O
in	O
brackets	O
)	O
:	O

Also	O
shown	O
are	O
the	O
London	O
closing	O
values	O
of	O
the	O
German	O
mark	O
,	O
the	O
Japanese	O
yen	O
,	O
the	T-1
British	B-MISC
pound	T-0
and	O
gold	O
bullion	O
(	O
previous	O
day	O
's	O
closes	O
in	O
brackets	O
)	O
:	O

LONDON	B-LOC
3,907.5	T-1
+16.4	O
3,907.5	O
3,632.3	T-0

TOKYO	B-LOC
21,228.80	T-0
-	T-0
134.44	T-0
22,666.80	T-0
19,734.70	T-0

FRANKFURT	B-LOC
2,555.16	T-0
-	O
2.10	O
2,583.49	O
)	O
2,284.86	O

PARIS	B-LOC
2,020.82	T-0
+3.06	T-0
2,146.79	T-0
1,897.85	T-0

HONG	B-LOC
KONG	I-LOC
11,424.64	T-0
-	T-0
54.13	T-0
11,594.99	T-0
10,204.87	T-0

FOREIGN	T-1
EXCHANGE	T-1
/	O
GOLD	O
BULLION	O
CLOSE	T-0
IN	O
LONDON	B-LOC

New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
Dow	O
Jones	O
industrial	T-0
average	O
--	O
5,778.00	O
(	O
May	O
22/96	O
)	O

New	T-0
York	T-0
Dow	B-MISC
Jones	I-MISC
industrial	T-1
average	O
--	O
5,778.00	O
(	O
May	O
22/96	O
)	O

London	B-LOC
FTSE-100	T-0
index	T-0
--	O
3,907.5	O
(	O
Aug	O
23/96	O
)	O

London	O
FTSE-100	B-MISC
index	T-0
--	O
3,907.5	O
(	O
Aug	O
23/96	O
)	O

Tokyo	B-LOC
Nikkei	T-0
average	O
--	O
38,915.87	T-1
(	O
Dec	O
29/89	O
)	O

Tokyo	T-0
Nikkei	B-MISC
average	O
--	O
38,915.87	O
(	O
Dec	O
29/89	O
)	O

Frankfurt	B-LOC
DAX-3O	O
index	O
--	O
2,583.49	T-0
(	O
Jul	O
5/96	O
)	O

Frankfurt	O
DAX-3O	B-MISC
index	T-0
--	O
2,583.49	O
(	O
Jul	O
5/96	O
)	O

Paris	B-LOC
CAC-40	T-0
General	T-0
index	T-0
--	O
2,355.93	O
(	O
Feb	O
2/94	O
)	O

Paris	T-0
CAC-40	B-MISC
General	I-MISC
index	T-1
--	O
2,355.93	O
(	O
Feb	O
2/94	O
)	O

Sydney	B-LOC
Australian	O
All-Ordinaries	O
index	T-0
--	O
2,340.6	O
(	O
Feb	O
3/94	O
)	O

Sydney	T-1
Australian	B-MISC
All-Ordinaries	I-MISC
index	T-0
--	O
2,340.6	O
(	O
Feb	O
3/94	O
)	O

Hong	B-LOC
Kong	I-LOC
Hang	T-0
Seng	T-0
index	O
--	O
12,201.09	O
(	O
Jan	O
4/94	O
)	O

Hong	T-0
Kong	T-0
Hang	B-MISC
Seng	I-MISC
index	T-2
--	T-2
12,201.09	T-2
(	T-2
Jan	T-2
4/94	T-2
)	T-2

Ukraine	B-LOC
hails	T-1
peace	T-1
as	O
marks	T-2
five-year	T-2
independence	T-2
.	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
celebrates	T-0
five	O
years	O
of	O
independence	O
from	O
Kremlin	O
rule	T-2
on	O
Saturday	O
,	O
hailing	O
civil	T-1
and	O
inter-ethnic	O
peace	T-3
as	O
its	O
main	O
post-Soviet	O
achievement	T-4
.	O

Ukraine	T-2
celebrates	O
five	O
years	O
of	O
independence	O
from	T-1
Kremlin	B-LOC
rule	T-3
on	O
Saturday	T-4
,	O
hailing	O
civil	O
and	O
inter-ethnic	O
peace	O
as	O
its	O
main	O
post-Soviet	T-0
achievement	O
.	O

Ukraine	T-2
celebrates	O
five	T-0
years	T-0
of	T-0
independence	T-0
from	O
Kremlin	T-3
rule	O
on	O
Saturday	O
,	O
hailing	O
civil	O
and	O
inter-ethnic	O
peace	O
as	O
its	O
main	O
post-Soviet	B-MISC
achievement	T-1
.	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
's	O
declaration	O
of	O
independence	O
in	O
1991	O
,	O
backed	O
nine-to-one	O
by	O
a	O
referendum	O
in	O
December	O
of	O
that	O
year	O
,	O
effectively	O
dealt	O
a	O
death	O
blow	T-0
to	O
the	O
Soviet	O
empire	O
and	O
ended	T-1
more	O
than	O
three	O
centuries	O
of	O
rule	O
from	O
Moscow	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
's	O
declaration	T-1
of	O
independence	O
in	O
1991	O
,	O
backed	O
nine-to-one	O
by	O
a	O
referendum	O
in	O
December	O
of	O
that	O
year	O
,	O
effectively	O
dealt	O
a	O
death	O
blow	O
to	O
the	O
Soviet	B-MISC
empire	T-0
and	O
ended	O
more	O
than	O
three	O
centuries	O
of	O
rule	O
from	O
Moscow	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
's	O
declaration	T-0
of	O
independence	O
in	O
1991	O
,	O
backed	O
nine-to-one	O
by	O
a	O
referendum	T-2
in	O
December	O
of	O
that	O
year	O
,	O
effectively	O
dealt	O
a	O
death	O
blow	O
to	O
the	O
Soviet	T-1
empire	T-1
and	O
ended	O
more	O
than	O
three	O
centuries	O
of	O
rule	T-3
from	T-3
Moscow	B-LOC
.	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	T-1
community	T-1
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	O
Russia	O
--	O
has	O
avoided	O
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
neighbouring	T-0
Moldova	T-0
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	O
Soviet	O
republics	O
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
and	O
Tajikistan	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	B-MISC
community	T-1
of	O
11	T-0
million	T-0
people	T-0
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	O
Russia	O
--	O
has	O
avoided	O
conflicts	T-2
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
neighbouring	O
Moldova	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	O
Soviet	O
republics	O
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
and	O
Tajikistan	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	O
community	O
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	T-0
's	T-0
largest	T-0
outside	T-0
Russia	B-LOC
--	O
has	T-1
avoided	T-1
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
neighbouring	O
Moldova	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	O
Soviet	O
republics	O
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
and	O
Tajikistan	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	O
community	T-1
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	O
Russia	O
--	O
has	O
avoided	T-0
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	B-LOC
's	O
Chechnya	T-2
,	O
neighbouring	O
Moldova	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	O
Soviet	O
republics	O
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
and	O
Tajikistan	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	O
community	O
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	O
Russia	O
--	O
has	O
avoided	T-2
conflicts	O
like	T-0
those	T-0
in	T-0
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	B-LOC
,	O
neighbouring	T-1
Moldova	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	O
Soviet	O
republics	O
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
and	O
Tajikistan	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	T-0
community	T-0
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	T-2
Russia	O
--	O
has	O
avoided	T-3
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
neighbouring	T-1
Moldova	B-LOC
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	O
Soviet	O
republics	O
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
and	O
Tajikistan	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	O
community	O
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	O
Russia	O
--	O
has	T-1
avoided	T-1
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
neighbouring	O
Moldova	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	T-0
Soviet	B-MISC
republics	O
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
and	O
Tajikistan	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	O
community	O
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	O
Russia	O
--	O
has	O
avoided	T-3
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
neighbouring	O
Moldova	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	O
Soviet	T-0
republics	T-4
of	O
Georgia	B-LOC
,	O
Azerbaijan	T-1
and	O
Tajikistan	T-2
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	O
community	O
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	T-0
Russia	O
--	O
has	O
avoided	T-1
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
neighbouring	O
Moldova	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	T-2
Soviet	T-2
republics	T-2
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	B-LOC
and	O
Tajikistan	O
.	O

Ukraine	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
Russian	O
community	O
of	O
11	O
million	O
people	O
--	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
outside	O
Russia	O
--	O
has	T-1
avoided	T-2
conflicts	O
like	O
those	O
in	O
Russia	O
's	O
Chechnya	O
,	O
neighbouring	O
Moldova	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
former	T-0
Soviet	T-0
republics	T-0
of	O
Georgia	O
,	O
Azerbaijan	O
and	O
Tajikistan	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
's	O
biggest	O
achievements	T-2
for	O
five	O
years	O
are	O
the	O
preservation	O
of	O
civil	O
peace	O
and	O
inter-ethnic	O
harmony	O
,	O
"	O
President	T-1
Leonid	T-1
Kuchma	T-1
said	T-0
in	O
televised	O
statement	O
this	O
week	O
.	O

"	O
Ukraine	T-2
's	O
biggest	O
achievements	O
for	O
five	O
years	O
are	O
the	O
preservation	O
of	O
civil	O
peace	O
and	O
inter-ethnic	O
harmony	O
,	O
"	O
President	T-0
Leonid	B-PER
Kuchma	I-PER
said	T-1
in	O
televised	O
statement	O
this	O
week	O
.	O

"	O
Unlike	O
many	O
other	O
post-Soviet	B-MISC
countries	T-2
we	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
deal	T-3
with	O
conflict	O
situations	O
in	O
a	O
peaceful	T-0
and	O
civilised	T-1
way	O
.	O
"	O

Kuchma	B-PER
told	T-1
a	O
solemn	T-3
ceremony	O
at	O
the	O
Ukraina	O
Palace	O
on	O
Friday	O
that	O
"	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
turning	O
point	O
"	O
in	O
reforms	O
and	O
that	O
he	T-2
expected	T-2
a	O
rise	O
in	O
the	O
standard	O
of	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
.	O

Kuchma	O
told	O
a	O
solemn	O
ceremony	O
at	O
the	O
Ukraina	B-LOC
Palace	I-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
that	O
"	O
there	O
was	O
a	O
turning	O
point	O
"	O
in	O
reforms	T-0
and	O
that	O
he	O
expected	O
a	O
rise	T-1
in	O
the	O
standard	T-2
of	T-2
living	T-2
in	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
doubt	O
that	O
economic	T-0
growth	T-0
has	O
already	O
started	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-1
Adelbert	B-PER
Knobl	I-PER
,	O
head	T-2
of	T-2
the	T-2
International	O
Monetary	O
Fund	O
's	O
mission	O
in	O
Ukraine	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
doubt	O
that	O
economic	T-3
growth	T-0
has	O
already	O
started	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Adelbert	O
Knobl	O
,	O
head	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
International	B-ORG
Monetary	I-ORG
Fund	I-ORG
's	O
mission	T-2
in	O
Ukraine	T-4
.	O
"	O

"	O
There	O
is	O
no	O
doubt	O
that	O
economic	O
growth	O
has	O
already	O
started	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Adelbert	T-0
Knobl	T-0
,	O
head	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
International	T-1
Monetary	T-1
Fund	T-1
's	O
mission	O
in	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
.	O
"	O

It	O
will	O
replace	O
the	O
interim	O
karbovanets	O
currency	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
introduced	T-0
at	O
par	O
to	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
rouble	T-1
in	T-1
1992	T-1
but	O
now	O
trades	O
at	O
almost	O
33	O
karbovanets	O
per	O
rouble	O
.	O

Ukraine	B-LOC
has	O
repeatedly	T-0
promised	T-1
to	T-1
introduce	T-1
the	O
hryvna	O
but	O
had	O
to	O
postpone	O
the	O
plans	O
because	O
of	O
economic	O
problems	O
.	O

Proud	O
of	O
its	O
record	O
in	O
promptly	O
joining	T-0
both	O
the	O
Council	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Europe	I-ORG
and	O
NATO	O
's	O
Partnership	O
for	O
Peace	T-1
,	O
Ukraine	T-4
caused	O
a	O
foreign	O
policy	T-2
wrangle	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
offending	O
China	O
by	O
allowing	T-3
a	O
Taiwanese	O
minister	O
to	O
appear	O
on	O
a	O
public	T-5
,	O
if	O
unofficial	O
visit	O
.	O

Proud	O
of	O
its	O
record	O
in	O
promptly	T-2
joining	O
both	O
the	O
Council	T-0
of	T-0
Europe	T-0
and	O
NATO	B-ORG
's	T-1
Partnership	O
for	O
Peace	O
,	O
Ukraine	O
caused	O
a	O
foreign	O
policy	O
wrangle	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
offending	T-3
China	O
by	O
allowing	O
a	O
Taiwanese	O
minister	O
to	O
appear	O
on	O
a	O
public	O
,	O
if	O
unofficial	O
visit	O
.	O

Proud	O
of	O
its	O
record	O
in	O
promptly	O
joining	O
both	O
the	O
Council	O
of	O
Europe	O
and	O
NATO	O
's	O
Partnership	B-MISC
for	I-MISC
Peace	I-MISC
,	O
Ukraine	T-0
caused	O
a	O
foreign	O
policy	O
wrangle	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
offending	O
China	O
by	O
allowing	O
a	O
Taiwanese	O
minister	O
to	O
appear	O
on	O
a	O
public	O
,	O
if	O
unofficial	T-1
visit	O
.	O

Proud	O
of	O
its	O
record	O
in	O
promptly	O
joining	O
both	O
the	O
Council	O
of	O
Europe	O
and	O
NATO	T-2
's	O
Partnership	O
for	O
Peace	O
,	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
caused	T-0
a	O
foreign	O
policy	O
wrangle	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
offending	O
China	O
by	O
allowing	O
a	O
Taiwanese	O
minister	O
to	O
appear	O
on	O
a	O
public	O
,	O
if	O
unofficial	O
visit	T-1
.	O

Proud	O
of	O
its	O
record	T-1
in	O
promptly	O
joining	O
both	O
the	O
Council	T-2
of	T-2
Europe	T-2
and	T-2
NATO	T-2
's	O
Partnership	O
for	O
Peace	O
,	O
Ukraine	T-3
caused	O
a	O
foreign	O
policy	O
wrangle	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
offending	T-0
China	B-LOC
by	O
allowing	O
a	O
Taiwanese	T-4
minister	T-4
to	O
appear	O
on	O
a	O
public	O
,	O
if	O
unofficial	O
visit	O
.	O

Proud	O
of	O
its	O
record	O
in	O
promptly	O
joining	O
both	O
the	O
Council	O
of	O
Europe	O
and	O
NATO	O
's	O
Partnership	O
for	O
Peace	O
,	O
Ukraine	T-2
caused	O
a	O
foreign	O
policy	O
wrangle	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
offending	O
China	O
by	O
allowing	O
a	O
Taiwanese	B-MISC
minister	T-0
to	O
appear	T-1
on	O
a	O
public	T-3
,	O
if	O
unofficial	O
visit	O
.	O

China	B-LOC
cancelled	T-1
a	O
visit	O
by	O
a	O
top-level	T-0
delegation	T-0
in	O
protest	O
.	O

Kiev	B-LOC
's	O
Foreign	T-0
Minister	T-0
Hennady	T-0
Udovenko	T-0
said	T-1
Beijing	O
was	O
overreacting	T-2
.	O

Kiev	T-1
's	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Hennady	B-PER
Udovenko	I-PER
said	T-0
Beijing	T-2
was	O
overreacting	T-3
.	O

But	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
,	O
seeing	T-2
itself	T-2
as	O
a	O
bridge	T-3
between	O
Russia	T-0
and	O
the	O
rapidly	O
Westernising	O
countries	O
of	O
eastern	T-1
Europe	T-1
,	O
is	O
looking	O
West	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
East	O
.	O

But	O
Ukraine	O
,	O
seeing	O
itself	O
as	O
a	O
bridge	T-0
between	O
Russia	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
rapidly	O
Westernising	T-1
countries	O
of	O
eastern	O
Europe	O
,	O
is	O
looking	O
West	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
East	O
.	T-2

But	O
Ukraine	T-3
,	O
seeing	O
itself	O
as	O
a	O
bridge	O
between	O
Russia	T-4
and	O
the	O
rapidly	T-0
Westernising	B-MISC
countries	T-1
of	O
eastern	T-2
Europe	T-2
,	O
is	O
looking	O
West	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
East	O
.	O

But	O
Ukraine	O
,	O
seeing	T-1
itself	O
as	O
a	O
bridge	O
between	O
Russia	O
and	O
the	O
rapidly	O
Westernising	O
countries	T-3
of	O
eastern	T-0
Europe	B-LOC
,	O
is	O
looking	T-2
West	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
East	T-4
.	O

"	O
The	O
strategic	T-0
aim	O
of	O
European	B-MISC
integration	O
should	O
not	O
in	O
any	O
way	O
damage	O
Ukraine	O
's	O
interests	O
in	O
post-Soviet	O
areas	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
strategic	O
aim	O
of	O
European	O
integration	O
should	O
not	O
in	O
any	O
way	O
damage	T-1
Ukraine	B-LOC
's	O
interests	T-0
in	O
post-Soviet	O
areas	T-2
.	O

"	O
The	O
strategic	O
aim	O
of	O
European	T-0
integration	T-0
should	O
not	O
in	O
any	O
way	O
damage	T-1
Ukraine	T-2
's	O
interests	T-3
in	O
post-Soviet	B-MISC
areas	O
.	O

Relations	T-0
with	T-1
Russia	B-LOC
,	O
which	O
is	O
our	O
main	O
partner	O
,	O
have	O
great	O
importance	O
,	O
"	O
Kuchma	O
said	O
.	O

Relations	T-3
with	O
Russia	T-1
,	O
which	O
is	O
our	O
main	T-2
partner	T-2
,	O
have	O
great	O
importance	O
,	O
"	O
Kuchma	B-PER
said	T-0
.	O

"	O
But	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
cannot	O
be	O
economically	O
oriented	O
on	O
Russia	T-0
,	O
even	O
though	O
those	O
in	O
some	O
circles	O
push	O
us	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
But	O
Ukraine	O
cannot	O
be	O
economically	T-0
oriented	O
on	T-1
Russia	B-LOC
,	O
even	O
though	O
those	O
in	O
some	O
circles	O
push	O
us	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
.	O
"	O

Kuchma	B-PER
has	O
said	T-2
Kiev	T-0
wants	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
,	O
associate	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
Western	O
European	O
Union	O
defence	O
grouping	O
and	O
to	O
move	O
closer	T-1
to	O
NATO	O
.	O

Kuchma	O
has	O
said	T-0
Kiev	B-LOC
wants	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
European	T-2
Union	T-2
,	O
associate	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
Western	T-1
European	T-1
Union	T-1
defence	O
grouping	O
and	O
to	O
move	O
closer	O
to	O
NATO	O
.	O

Kuchma	T-0
has	O
said	O
Kiev	O
wants	O
membership	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
European	B-ORG
Union	I-ORG
,	O
associate	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
Western	O
European	O
Union	O
defence	O
grouping	O
and	O
to	O
move	O
closer	O
to	O
NATO	O
.	O

Kuchma	T-1
has	O
said	O
Kiev	O
wants	T-0
membership	O
of	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
,	O
associate	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
Western	B-ORG
European	I-ORG
Union	I-ORG
defence	O
grouping	O
and	O
to	O
move	O
closer	O
to	O
NATO	O
.	O

Kuchma	T-2
has	O
said	T-4
Kiev	T-3
wants	O
membership	T-0
of	O
the	O
European	O
Union	O
,	O
associate	O
membership	O
of	O
the	O
Western	O
European	O
Union	O
defence	O
grouping	O
and	O
to	O
move	T-1
closer	O
to	O
NATO	B-ORG
.	O

A	O
message	O
from	O
the	O
West	O
this	O
week	O
from	T-2
U.S.	B-LOC
President	T-3
Bill	T-3
Clinton	T-3
congratulated	O
Ukraine	O
on	O
the	O
anniversary	T-0
,	O
promising	O
to	O
support	O
market	T-1
reforms	O
and	O
praising	O
Ukraine	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
stabilising	O
factor	O
"	O
in	O
a	O
united	O
Europe	O
.	O

A	O
message	O
from	O
the	O
West	O
this	O
week	O
from	O
U.S.	O
President	O
Bill	B-PER
Clinton	I-PER
congratulated	T-1
Ukraine	O
on	O
the	O
anniversary	O
,	O
promising	O
to	O
support	T-0
market	O
reforms	O
and	O
praising	O
Ukraine	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
stabilising	O
factor	O
"	O
in	O
a	O
united	O
Europe	O
.	O

A	O
message	O
from	O
the	O
West	T-3
this	O
week	O
from	O
U.S.	T-4
President	T-7
Bill	O
Clinton	O
congratulated	T-0
Ukraine	B-LOC
on	O
the	O
anniversary	T-1
,	O
promising	O
to	O
support	O
market	O
reforms	O
and	O
praising	O
Ukraine	T-5
as	O
a	O
"	O
stabilising	T-2
factor	T-2
"	O
in	O
a	O
united	O
Europe	T-6
.	O

A	O
message	O
from	O
the	O
West	O
this	O
week	O
from	O
U.S.	O
President	O
Bill	O
Clinton	O
congratulated	O
Ukraine	O
on	O
the	O
anniversary	O
,	O
promising	O
to	O
support	O
market	O
reforms	O
and	O
praising	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
as	O
a	O
"	O
stabilising	T-0
factor	T-0
"	O
in	O
a	O
united	O
Europe	O
.	O

A	O
message	O
from	O
the	O
West	O
this	O
week	O
from	O
U.S.	O
President	O
Bill	O
Clinton	O
congratulated	T-1
Ukraine	O
on	O
the	O
anniversary	O
,	O
promising	O
to	O
support	O
market	O
reforms	O
and	O
praising	O
Ukraine	T-0
as	O
a	O
"	O
stabilising	O
factor	O
"	O
in	O
a	O
united	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O

Oldest	T-1
Albania	B-LOC
book	T-0
disappears	O
from	O
Vatican	T-2
-	O
paper	O
.	O

Oldest	O
Albania	T-2
book	T-2
disappears	O
from	T-0
Vatican	B-LOC
-	T-1
paper	T-1
.	O

A	T-1
16th-century	T-1
document	T-1
,	O
the	O
earliest	O
complete	O
example	O
of	O
written	O
Albanian	B-MISC
,	O
has	T-4
disappeared	T-4
from	O
the	O
Vatican	T-2
archives	T-2
,	O
an	O
Albanian	T-0
newspaper	T-3
said	T-3
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

A	O
16th-century	O
document	O
,	O
the	O
earliest	O
complete	T-3
example	O
of	O
written	O
Albanian	T-2
,	O
has	O
disappeared	O
from	T-0
the	T-0
Vatican	B-LOC
archives	T-1
,	O
an	O
Albanian	O
newspaper	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

A	O
16th-century	O
document	O
,	O
the	O
earliest	O
complete	O
example	O
of	O
written	O
Albanian	T-3
,	O
has	O
disappeared	O
from	O
the	O
Vatican	T-1
archives	O
,	O
an	O
Albanian	B-MISC
newspaper	T-2
said	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Gazeta	B-ORG
Shqiptare	I-ORG
said	O
the	O
"	O
Book	T-0
of	T-0
Mass	T-0
'	O
,	O
by	O
Gjon	T-1
Buzuku	T-1
,	O
dating	O
from	O
1555	O
and	O
discovered	O
in	O
1740	O
in	O
a	O
religious	O
seminary	O
in	O
Rome	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
major	O
document	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
Albanian	O
language	O
.	O

Gazeta	O
Shqiptare	O
said	O
the	O
"	O
Book	B-MISC
of	I-MISC
Mass	I-MISC
'	O
,	O
by	O
Gjon	O
Buzuku	O
,	O
dating	O
from	O
1555	O
and	O
discovered	T-0
in	O
1740	O
in	O
a	O
religious	O
seminary	O
in	O
Rome	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
major	O
document	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
Albanian	O
language	O
.	T-1

Gazeta	O
Shqiptare	O
said	T-0
the	O
"	O
Book	T-2
of	T-2
Mass	T-2
'	O
,	O
by	O
Gjon	B-PER
Buzuku	I-PER
,	O
dating	O
from	O
1555	O
and	O
discovered	T-1
in	O
1740	O
in	O
a	O
religious	O
seminary	O
in	O
Rome	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
major	O
document	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
Albanian	O
language	O
.	O

Gazeta	O
Shqiptare	O
said	O
the	O
"	O
Book	O
of	O
Mass	O
'	O
,	O
by	O
Gjon	O
Buzuku	O
,	O
dating	O
from	O
1555	O
and	O
discovered	T-2
in	O
1740	O
in	O
a	O
religious	O
seminary	T-0
in	T-1
Rome	B-LOC
,	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
major	O
document	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
Albanian	O
language	O
.	O

Gazeta	O
Shqiptare	O
said	T-1
the	O
"	O
Book	O
of	O
Mass	O
'	O
,	O
by	O
Gjon	O
Buzuku	O
,	O
dating	O
from	O
1555	O
and	O
discovered	T-2
in	O
1740	O
in	O
a	O
religious	O
seminary	O
in	O
Rome	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
major	O
document	T-4
published	T-3
in	O
the	O
Albanian	B-MISC
language	T-0
.	O

"	O
We	O
Albanians	B-MISC
,	O
sons	T-0
of	T-0
Buzuku	T-0
,	O
believed	T-2
our	O
language	O
had	O
a	O
written	O
document	T-1
but	O
now	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
it	O
any	O
more	O
,	O
"	O
lamented	O
scholar	O
Musa	O
Hamiti	O
,	O
told	T-3
of	O
the	O
loss	O
by	O
the	O
Vatican	O
library	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
Albanians	O
,	O
sons	T-0
of	O
Buzuku	B-MISC
,	O
believed	O
our	O
language	T-1
had	O
a	O
written	O
document	O
but	O
now	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
it	O
any	O
more	O
,	O
"	O
lamented	T-2
scholar	O
Musa	O
Hamiti	O
,	O
told	O
of	O
the	O
loss	O
by	O
the	O
Vatican	O
library	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
Albanians	O
,	O
sons	O
of	O
Buzuku	O
,	O
believed	O
our	O
language	O
had	O
a	O
written	O
document	O
but	O
now	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
it	O
any	O
more	O
,	O
"	O
lamented	T-0
scholar	O
Musa	B-PER
Hamiti	I-PER
,	O
told	O
of	O
the	O
loss	O
by	O
the	O
Vatican	O
library	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
Albanians	O
,	O
sons	O
of	O
Buzuku	O
,	O
believed	T-0
our	T-0
language	T-0
had	O
a	O
written	O
document	O
but	O
now	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
it	O
any	O
more	O
,	O
"	O
lamented	O
scholar	O
Musa	O
Hamiti	O
,	O
told	O
of	O
the	O
loss	O
by	O
the	O
Vatican	B-LOC
library	T-1
.	O

Tirana	B-LOC
's	O
national	O
library	T-0
has	O
three	O
copies	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
Book	O
of	O
Mass	O
'	O
.	O
"	O

Tirana	O
's	O
national	T-1
library	O
has	O
three	O
copies	T-0
of	O
the	O
"	O
Book	B-MISC
of	I-MISC
Mass	I-MISC
'	O
.	O
"	O

There	O
is	O
nothing	O
left	O
for	O
us	O
but	O
to	O
be	O
grateful	O
to	O
civilisation	O
for	O
inventing	T-1
photocopies	T-2
,	O
"	O
Gazeta	B-ORG
Shqiptare	I-ORG
said	T-0
.	O

Russian	B-MISC
officials	O
,	O
keen	O
to	O
cut	T-1
capital	O
flight	O
,	O
will	O
adopt	O
tight	O
measures	T-0
to	O
cut	O
barter	O
deals	O
in	O
foreign	O
trade	O
to	O
a	O
minimum	O
,	O
a	O
customs	O
official	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
have	O
always	O
been	O
concerned	O
about	O
barter	O
deals	O
with	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
viewing	O
them	O
as	O
a	O
disguised	O
kind	O
of	O
capital	T-1
flight	T-1
from	T-1
Russia	B-LOC
,	O
"	O
Marina	O
Volkova	O
,	O
deputy	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
currency	O
department	O
at	O
the	O
State	T-0
Customs	T-0
Committee	T-0
,	O
told	O
Reuters	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
have	O
always	O
been	O
concerned	O
about	O
barter	O
deals	O
with	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
viewing	O
them	O
as	O
a	O
disguised	O
kind	O
of	O
capital	T-0
flight	T-0
from	T-0
Russia	T-0
,	O
"	O
Marina	B-PER
Volkova	I-PER
,	O
deputy	T-4
head	T-4
of	O
the	O
currency	T-1
department	T-1
at	O
the	O
State	T-3
Customs	T-3
Committee	T-3
,	O
told	T-2
Reuters	T-2
.	O

"	O
We	O
have	O
always	O
been	O
concerned	O
about	O
barter	O
deals	O
with	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
viewing	O
them	O
as	O
a	O
disguised	O
kind	O
of	O
capital	O
flight	O
from	O
Russia	T-1
,	O
"	O
Marina	T-2
Volkova	T-2
,	O
deputy	O
head	O
of	O
the	O
currency	O
department	O
at	T-4
the	T-4
State	B-ORG
Customs	I-ORG
Committee	I-ORG
,	O
told	T-0
Reuters	T-3
.	O

"	O
We	O
have	O
always	O
been	O
concerned	O
about	O
barter	O
deals	O
with	O
other	O
countries	O
,	O
viewing	O
them	O
as	O
a	O
disguised	O
kind	O
of	O
capital	O
flight	O
from	O
Russia	O
,	O
"	O
Marina	T-0
Volkova	T-0
,	O
deputy	T-1
head	T-1
of	O
the	O
currency	O
department	O
at	O
the	O
State	O
Customs	O
Committee	O
,	O
told	O
Reuters	B-ORG
.	O

Volkova	T-0
said	T-3
last	O
year	O
goods	O
had	O
been	O
exported	T-1
under	O
many	O
Russian	B-MISC
barter	O
deals	T-2
,	O
with	O
nothing	O
imported	O
in	O
return	T-4
.	O

Barter	O
deals	T-0
were	O
worth	O
$	O
4.9	O
billion	O
last	O
year	O
,	O
or	O
about	O
eight	O
percent	O
of	O
all	O
Russian	B-MISC
exports	T-3
estimated	T-1
at	O
$	O
61.5	O
billion	O
,	O
she	O
said	T-2
.	O

"	O
The	O
cost	O
of	O
exported	T-3
goods	O
is	O
too	O
often	O
understated	T-0
,	O
so	O
the	O
actual	O
share	O
of	O
barter	O
deals	O
in	O
Russian	B-MISC
exports	O
and	O
the	O
amount	T-4
of	O
unimported	O
goods	T-2
may	O
be	O
even	O
higher	O
,	O
"	O
Volkova	O
said	T-1
.	O

"	O
The	O
cost	O
of	O
exported	O
goods	O
is	O
too	O
often	O
understated	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
actual	O
share	O
of	O
barter	O
deals	O
in	O
Russian	T-0
exports	O
and	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
unimported	O
goods	T-1
may	O
be	O
even	O
higher	O
,	O
"	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	O
.	O

A	O
few	T-0
days	O
ago	O
Russian	B-MISC
President	T-1
Boris	T-1
Yeltsin	T-1
issued	O
a	O
decree	O
on	O
state	O
regulation	O
of	O
foreign	O
barter	O
deals	O
,	O
and	O
Volkova	O
said	O
this	O
"	O
could	O
substantially	O
improve	O
the	O
situation	O
"	O
.	O

A	O
few	O
days	O
ago	O
Russian	O
President	O
Boris	B-PER
Yeltsin	I-PER
issued	T-0
a	O
decree	O
on	O
state	O
regulation	O
of	O
foreign	O
barter	T-1
deals	O
,	O
and	O
Volkova	O
said	O
this	O
"	O
could	O
substantially	O
improve	O
the	O
situation	O
"	O
.	O

A	O
few	O
days	O
ago	O
Russian	T-0
President	T-0
Boris	T-0
Yeltsin	T-0
issued	O
a	O
decree	O
on	O
state	O
regulation	O
of	O
foreign	O
barter	O
deals	O
,	O
and	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	T-1
this	O
"	O
could	O
substantially	O
improve	T-2
the	O
situation	O
"	O
.	O

In	O
line	O
with	O
the	O
decree	T-0
,	O
which	O
will	O
come	O
into	O
force	O
on	O
November	T-1
1	O
,	O
all	O
Russian	B-MISC
barter	T-3
traders	T-3
will	O
be	T-4
obliged	T-4
to	O
import	O
goods	T-2
worth	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
their	O
exports	O
within	O
180	O
days	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
traders	T-0
are	O
late	O
,	O
they	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
pay	O
fines	T-1
worth	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
their	O
exported	O
goods	O
,	O
"	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	O
.	O

Understating	O
the	O
cost	O
of	O
exported	O
goods	O
could	O
still	O
be	O
a	O
loophole	T-0
for	O
barter	O
dealers	O
,	O
but	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	T-1
the	O
authorities	O
are	O
currently	O
"	O
tackling	O
the	O
technicalities	O
of	O
the	O
issue	O
"	O
.	O

Barter	T-1
has	O
always	O
been	O
a	O
feature	O
of	O
the	O
Soviet	B-LOC
Union	I-LOC
's	T-0
foreign	T-0
trade	T-0
,	O
but	O
Yeltsin	T-2
's	O
decrees	O
liberalising	T-3
foreign	O
trade	O
in	O
1991-1992	O
has	O
given	O
barter	O
a	O
new	O
impetus	O
.	O

Barter	O
has	O
always	O
been	O
a	O
feature	O
of	O
the	O
Soviet	O
Union	O
's	O
foreign	O
trade	O
,	O
but	O
Yeltsin	B-PER
's	O
decrees	T-0
liberalising	O
foreign	O
trade	O
in	O
1991-1992	O
has	O
given	O
barter	O
a	O
new	O
impetus	O
.	O

A	O
few	O
years	O
ago	O
,	O
barter	O
deals	O
accounted	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
25-30	O
percent	O
of	O
Russian	B-MISC
exports	T-0
because	O
"	O
thousands	O
(	O
of	O
)	O
trade	O
companies	O
which	O
popped	O
up	O
preferred	O
barter	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
reliable	O
Russian	O
banks	O
and	O
money	O
transfer	O
systems	O
"	O
,	O
Volkova	O
said	T-1
.	O

A	O
few	O
years	O
ago	O
,	O
barter	O
deals	O
accounted	O
for	O
up	O
to	O
25-30	O
percent	O
of	O
Russian	T-0
exports	O
because	O
"	O
thousands	O
(	O
of	O
)	O
trade	T-2
companies	T-2
which	O
popped	O
up	O
preferred	O
barter	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
reliable	O
Russian	B-MISC
banks	O
and	O
money	O
transfer	T-1
systems	O
"	O
,	O
Volkova	O
said	O
.	O

A	O
few	O
years	O
ago	O
,	O
barter	O
deals	O
accounted	T-2
for	O
up	O
to	O
25-30	O
percent	O
of	O
Russian	T-0
exports	O
because	O
"	O
thousands	O
(	O
of	O
)	O
trade	O
companies	O
which	O
popped	O
up	O
preferred	O
barter	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
reliable	O
Russian	O
banks	O
and	O
money	O
transfer	O
systems	O
"	O
,	O
Volkova	B-PER
said	T-1
.	O

"	O
Now	O
many	O
Russian	B-MISC
banks	O
are	O
strong	T-2
and	O
can	O
make	O
various	O
sorts	O
of	O
money	T-0
tranfers	T-0
,	O
while	O
incompetent	T-3
traders	O
are	O
being	O
ousted	T-4
by	O
more	O
experienced	T-1
ones	T-1
.	O

But	O
the	O
current	O
share	O
of	O
barter	O
deals	O
in	O
Russian	B-MISC
exports	O
is	O
still	O
high	O
,	O
"	O
she	O
said	T-0
.	O

--	O
Dmitry	B-PER
Solovyov	I-PER
,	O
Moscow	T-1
Newsroom	O
,	O
+7095	T-0
941	T-0
8520	T-0

--	O
Dmitry	O
Solovyov	O
,	O
Moscow	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
,	O
+7095	T-0
941	T-0
8520	T-0

Viacom	B-ORG
plans	T-0
"	T-0
Mission	T-0
"	T-0
sequel	T-0
-	O
report	O
.	O

Viacom	O
plans	T-0
"	O
Mission	B-MISC
"	O
sequel	T-1
-	T-1
report	T-1
.	T-1

Paramount	B-ORG
Pictures	I-ORG
is	T-0
going	T-2
ahead	O
with	O
a	O
sequel	T-1
to	O
the	O
Tom	O
Cruise	O
blockbuster	O
,	O
"	O
Mission	O
:	O
Impossible	O
"	O
and	O
hopes	O
to	O
release	O
it	O
in	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
1998	O
,	O
Daily	O
Variety	O
reported	T-3
in	O
its	O
Friday	O
edition	O
.	O

Paramount	O
Pictures	O
is	T-3
going	T-3
ahead	O
with	O
a	O
sequel	T-0
to	O
the	T-2
Tom	B-PER
Cruise	I-PER
blockbuster	O
,	O
"	O
Mission	O
:	O
Impossible	O
"	O
and	O
hopes	O
to	O
release	T-1
it	O
in	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
1998	O
,	O
Daily	O
Variety	O
reported	O
in	O
its	O
Friday	O
edition	O
.	O

Paramount	O
Pictures	O
is	T-1
going	T-1
ahead	T-1
with	O
a	O
sequel	O
to	O
the	O
Tom	O
Cruise	O
blockbuster	O
,	O
"	O
Mission	B-MISC
:	I-MISC
Impossible	I-MISC
"	O
and	O
hopes	T-2
to	O
release	T-3
it	O
in	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
1998	O
,	O
Daily	O
Variety	O
reported	T-0
in	O
its	O
Friday	O
edition	O
.	O

Paramount	O
Pictures	O
is	O
going	O
ahead	O
with	O
a	O
sequel	T-2
to	O
the	O
Tom	O
Cruise	T-0
blockbuster	O
,	O
"	O
Mission	O
:	O
Impossible	O
"	O
and	O
hopes	O
to	O
release	T-3
it	O
in	O
the	O
summer	O
of	O
1998	O
,	O
Daily	B-ORG
Variety	I-ORG
reported	T-1
in	O
its	O
Friday	O
edition	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
the	O
biggest	O
success	O
for	O
Viacom	B-MISC
Inc-owned	I-MISC
Paramount	T-1
since	T-0
1994	O
's	O
"	O
Forrest	T-2
Gump	T-2
"	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
the	O
biggest	O
success	T-1
for	O
Viacom	T-0
Inc-owned	T-0
Paramount	B-ORG
since	O
1994	O
's	O
"	O
Forrest	O
Gump	O
"	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
the	O
biggest	O
success	O
for	T-1
Viacom	T-0
Inc-owned	O
Paramount	T-2
since	O
1994	O
's	O
"	O
Forrest	B-MISC
Gump	I-MISC
"	O
.	O

Cruise	B-PER
will	T-0
reprise	O
his	O
roles	O
as	O
star	T-2
and	O
co-producer	T-3
,	O
and	O
will	O
soon	O
meet	O
Academy	T-1
Award-winning	T-1
screenwriter	O
William	O
Goldman	O
,	O
who	O
will	O
write	O
the	O
script	O
,	O
the	O
report	O
said	O
.	O

Cruise	T-0
will	O
reprise	O
his	O
roles	T-1
as	O
star	O
and	O
co-producer	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
soon	O
meet	O
Academy	B-MISC
Award-winning	I-MISC
screenwriter	T-3
William	T-2
Goldman	T-2
,	O
who	O
will	O
write	O
the	O
script	O
,	O
the	O
report	O
said	O
.	O

Cruise	O
will	O
reprise	O
his	O
roles	O
as	O
star	O
and	O
co-producer	O
,	O
and	O
will	O
soon	O
meet	T-0
Academy	T-2
Award-winning	O
screenwriter	T-3
William	B-PER
Goldman	I-PER
,	O
who	O
will	O
write	T-1
the	O
script	T-4
,	O
the	O
report	O
said	T-5
.	T-2

It	O
said	O
"	O
Mission	B-MISC
:	I-MISC
Impossible	I-MISC
"	O
director	T-1
Brian	O
De	O
Palma	O
would	O
have	O
first	O
crack	O
at	O
the	O
sequel	T-0
,	O
though	O
no	O
deals	O
have	O
been	O
made	O
yet	O
.	O

It	O
said	O
"	O
Mission	O
:	O
Impossible	O
"	O
director	T-1
Brian	B-PER
De	I-PER
Palma	I-PER
would	T-0
have	T-0
first	O
crack	O
at	O
the	O
sequel	O
,	O
though	O
no	O
deals	O
have	O
been	O
made	O
yet	O
.	O

Goldman	B-PER
,	O
whose	T-5
Oscars	T-2
were	O
for	O
"	O
Butch	T-3
Cassidy	T-3
and	O
the	O
Sundance	T-4
Kid	T-4
"	O
and	O
"	O
All	O
the	O
President	T-0
's	T-0
Men	T-0
"	O
,	O
earlier	O
this	O
summer	O
criticised	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
's	O
blockbusters	T-1
.	O

Goldman	O
,	O
whose	O
Oscars	B-MISC
were	O
for	O
"	O
Butch	T-0
Cassidy	O
and	O
the	O
Sundance	O
Kid	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
All	O
the	O
President	O
's	O
Men	O
"	O
,	O
earlier	O
this	O
summer	O
criticised	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
's	O
blockbusters	O
.	O

Goldman	O
,	O
whose	O
Oscars	T-1
were	T-0
for	O
"	O
Butch	B-MISC
Cassidy	I-MISC
and	I-MISC
the	I-MISC
Sundance	I-MISC
Kid	I-MISC
"	O
and	T-2
"	O
All	O
the	O
President	O
's	O
Men	O
"	O
,	O
earlier	O
this	O
summer	O
criticised	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
's	O
blockbusters	O
.	O

Goldman	O
,	O
whose	O
Oscars	T-1
were	O
for	O
"	O
Butch	O
Cassidy	O
and	O
the	O
Sundance	O
Kid	O
"	O
and	T-0
"	O
All	B-MISC
the	I-MISC
President	I-MISC
's	I-MISC
Men	I-MISC
"	O
,	O
earlier	O
this	O
summer	O
criticised	T-2
some	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
's	O
blockbusters	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
he	O
singled	T-2
out	O
"	O
Mission	B-MISC
:	I-MISC
Impossible	I-MISC
"	O
as	T-0
an	T-0
especially	T-0
entertaining	T-0
movie	T-0
,	O
Daily	O
Variety	O
said	T-1
.	O

However	O
,	O
he	O
singled	T-1
out	T-1
"	O
Mission	O
:	O
Impossible	O
"	O
as	O
an	O
especially	O
entertaining	O
movie	O
,	O
Daily	B-ORG
Variety	I-ORG
said	T-0
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
CRAWLEY	B-PER
FORCED	T-1
TO	O
SIT	T-0
AND	O
WAIT	O
.	O

England	B-LOC
batsman	O
John	O
Crawley	O
was	O
forced	T-0
to	O
endure	O
a	O
frustrating	O
delay	O
of	O
over	O
three	O
hours	O
before	O
resuming	O
his	O
quest	O
for	O
a	O
maiden	O
test	O
century	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
test	O
against	O
Pakistan	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

England	O
batsman	T-1
John	B-PER
Crawley	I-PER
was	T-0
forced	O
to	O
endure	O
a	O
frustrating	O
delay	T-2
of	O
over	O
three	O
hours	O
before	O
resuming	O
his	O
quest	O
for	O
a	O
maiden	O
test	O
century	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
test	O
against	O
Pakistan	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

England	O
batsman	T-1
John	O
Crawley	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
endure	O
a	O
frustrating	O
delay	O
of	O
over	O
three	O
hours	O
before	O
resuming	O
his	O
quest	O
for	O
a	O
maiden	O
test	O
century	O
in	O
the	O
third	O
test	O
against	T-0
Pakistan	B-LOC
on	O
Friday	T-2
.	O

Heavy	O
overnight	O
rain	O
and	O
morning	O
drizzle	O
ruled	O
out	O
any	O
play	O
before	O
lunch	O
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
but	O
an	O
improvement	O
in	O
the	O
weather	O
prompted	O
the	O
umpires	T-1
to	O
announce	O
a	O
1415	O
local	T-0
time	O
(	O
1315	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
start	O
in	O
the	O
event	O
of	O
no	O
further	O
rain	O
.	O

Crawley	B-PER
,	O
unbeaten	T-0
on	O
94	O
overnight	O
in	O
an	O
England	O
total	O
of	O
278	O
for	O
six	O
,	O
was	T-2
spotted	T-2
strumming	T-1
a	O
guitar	O
in	O
the	O
dressing-room	O
as	O
the	O
Oval	O
ground	O
staff	O
took	O
centre	O
stage	O
.	T-0

Crawley	T-0
,	O
unbeaten	T-2
on	O
94	O
overnight	O
in	O
an	O
England	B-LOC
total	O
of	O
278	O
for	O
six	O
,	O
was	O
spotted	O
strumming	O
a	O
guitar	O
in	O
the	O
dressing-room	T-1
as	O
the	O
Oval	O
ground	O
staff	O
took	O
centre	O
stage	O
.	O

Crawley	O
,	O
unbeaten	O
on	O
94	O
overnight	O
in	O
an	O
England	O
total	O
of	O
278	O
for	O
six	O
,	O
was	O
spotted	T-0
strumming	O
a	O
guitar	O
in	O
the	O
dressing-room	O
as	O
the	O
Oval	B-LOC
ground	O
staff	O
took	O
centre	O
stage	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
several	O
damp	O
patches	O
on	O
the	O
square	O
and	O
the	O
outfield	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
still	O
raining	O
when	O
the	O
players	T-0
took	O
an	O
early	O
lunch	O
at	O
1230	O
local	O
time	O
(	O
1130	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
.	O

When	O
brighter	O
weather	O
finally	O
arrived	O
,	O
the	O
umpires	O
announced	O
a	O
revised	O
figure	O
of	O
67	O
overs	O
to	O
be	O
bowled	T-0
with	O
play	O
extended	O
to	O
at	O
least	O
1900	O
local	O
time	O
(	O
1800	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
.	O

MOTOR	T-2
RACING	T-2
-	O
BELGIAN	B-MISC
GRAND	T-0
PRIX	T-0
PRACTICE	T-1
TIMES	O
.	O

MOTOR	T-0
RACING	T-0
-	O
BELGIAN	T-1
GRAND	B-MISC
PRIX	I-MISC
PRACTICE	T-2
TIMES	O
.	O

SPA-FRANCORCHAMPS	B-LOC
,	O
Belgium	T-0
1996-08-23	O

SPA-FRANCORCHAMPS	T-0
,	O
Belgium	B-LOC
1996-08-23	O

Belgian	T-0
Grand	B-MISC
Prix	I-MISC
motor	O
race	O
:	O

1.	O
Gerhard	B-PER
Berger	I-PER
(	O
Austria	T-0
)	O
Benetton	O
1	O
minute	O
53.706	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Gerhard	O
Berger	O
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O
Benetton	T-0
1	O
minute	O
53.706	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Gerhard	T-1
Berger	T-1
(	O
Austria	T-0
)	O
Benetton	B-ORG
1	O
minute	O
53.706	O
seconds	O

2.	O
David	B-PER
Coulthard	I-PER
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
McLaren	T-0
1:54.342	O

2.	O
David	O
Coulthard	O
(	O
Britain	T-0
)	O
McLaren	B-ORG
1:54.342	O

3.	O
Jacques	B-PER
Villeneuve	I-PER
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
Williams	T-0
1:54.443	T-1

4.	O
Mika	T-0
Hakkinen	T-0
(	O
Finland	B-LOC
)	O
McLaren	O
1:54.754	O

5.	O
Heinz-Harald	B-PER
Frentzen	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
1:54.984	O

6.	O
Jean	B-PER
Alesi	I-PER
(	T-0
France	T-0
)	T-0
Benetton	T-1
1:55.101	O

6.	O
Jean	T-0
Alesi	T-0
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
Benetton	T-1
1:55.101	O

6.	O
Jean	T-0
Alesi	T-0
(	O
France	O
)	O
Benetton	B-ORG
1:55.101	T-1

7.	O
Damon	B-PER
Hill	I-PER
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
Williams	O
1:55.281	T-0

7.	O
Damon	T-0
Hill	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
Williams	T-1
1:55.281	O

7.	O
Damon	O
Hill	O
(	O
Britain	T-1
)	O
Williams	B-ORG
1:55.281	T-0

8.	O
Michael	B-PER
Schumacher	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
1:55.333	O

9.	O
Martin	B-PER
Brundle	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-1
)	O
Jordan	T-0
1:55.385	T-2

9.	O
Martin	T-0
Brundle	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
Jordan	O
1:55.385	O

9.	O
Martin	T-0
Brundle	T-0
(	T-0
Britain	T-0
)	T-0
Jordan	B-ORG
1:55.385	O

10.	O
Rubens	B-PER
Barrichello	I-PER
(	O
Brazil	O
)	O
Jordan	T-0
1:55.645	O

10.	O
Rubens	O
Barrichello	O
(	O
Brazil	B-LOC
)	O
Jordan	T-0
1:55.645	O

10.	O
Rubens	O
Barrichello	O
(	O
Brazil	T-0
)	O
Jordan	B-ORG
1:55.645	O

11.	O
Johnny	B-PER
Herbert	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-0
)	O
Sauber	O
1:56.318	O

11.	O
Johnny	O
Herbert	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
Sauber	O
1:56.318	T-0

11.	O
Johnny	T-0
Herbert	T-0
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
Sauber	B-ORG
1:56.318	O

12.	O
Olivier	B-PER
Panis	I-PER
(	O
France	T-0
)	O
Ligier	T-1
1:56.417	O

12.	O
Olivier	T-1
Panis	O
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
Ligier	T-0
1:56.417	O

12.	O
Olivier	O
Panis	O
(	O
France	T-0
)	O
Ligier	B-ORG
1:56.417	O

TENNIS	T-0
-	O
RESULTS	O
AT	O
TOSHIBA	B-MISC
CLASSIC	I-MISC
.	O

$	O
450,000	O
Toshiba	B-MISC
Classic	I-MISC
tennis	T-2
tournament	T-2
on	O
Thursday	T-1
(	O
prefix	O

2	O
-	O
Conchita	B-PER
Martinez	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Nathalie	T-0
Tauziat	O
(	O
France	O
)	O

2	O
-	O
Conchita	O
Martinez	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-1
Nathalie	T-0
Tauziat	O
(	O
France	O
)	O

2	O
-	O
Conchita	T-0
Martinez	T-0
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Nathalie	B-PER
Tauziat	I-PER
(	O
France	T-2
)	O

2	O
-	O
Conchita	O
Martinez	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Nathalie	T-0
Tauziat	T-0
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O

5	O
-	O
Gabriela	B-PER
Sabatini	I-PER
(	O
Argentina	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Asa	T-0
Carlsson	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O

5	O
-	O
Gabriela	O
Sabatini	O
(	O
Argentina	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Asa	O
Carlsson	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O

5	O
-	O
Gabriela	O
Sabatini	O
(	O
Argentina	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Asa	B-PER
Carlsson	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O

5	O
-	O
Gabriela	T-1
Sabatini	T-1
(	O
Argentina	O
)	O
beat	T-3
Asa	T-2
Carlsson	T-2
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O

Katarina	B-PER
Studenikova	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
beat	T-0
6	O
-	O
Karina	O
Habsudova	O

Katarina	T-1
Studenikova	T-1
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
6	O
-	O
Karina	O
Habsudova	O

Katarina	O
Studenikova	O
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
beat	T-1
6	O
-	O
Karina	B-PER
Habsudova	I-PER

(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	T-0
(	O
7-4	T-1
)	O
6-2	T-2

(	O
Corrects	O
that	O
Habsudova	B-PER
is	O
sixth	O
seed	T-0
)	O
.	O

SOCCER	T-2
-	O
ENGLISH	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	T-0
RESULTS	T-1
.	O

Results	T-0
of	O
English	B-MISC
first	O
division	O

Portsmouth	B-ORG
1	O
Queens	T-0
Park	T-0
Rangers	T-0
2	O

Portsmouth	O
1	O
Queens	B-ORG
Park	I-ORG
Rangers	I-ORG
2	T-0

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
SCOTTISH	B-MISC
THIRD	T-2
DIVISION	O
RESULT	T-1
.	O

Result	T-0
of	O
a	O
Scottish	B-MISC
third	O

East	B-ORG
Stirling	I-ORG
0	O
Albion	O
1	T-0

East	T-1
Stirling	T-1
0	O
Albion	B-ORG
1	T-0

CRICKET	T-0
-	O
ENGLISH	B-MISC
COUNTY	I-MISC
CHAMPIONSHIP	I-MISC
SCORES	T-1
.	O

English	B-MISC
County	I-MISC
Championship	I-MISC
cricket	T-0
matches	O
on	O
Friday	O
:	O

At	O
Weston-super-Mare	B-LOC
:	O
Durham	T-0
326	O
(	O
D.	O
Cox	O
95	O
not	O
out	O
,	O

At	O
Weston-super-Mare	O
:	O
Durham	T-1
326	O
(	O
D.	B-PER
Cox	I-PER
95	O
not	T-0
out	T-0
,	O

S.	B-PER
Campbell	I-PER
69	O
;	O
G.	T-0
Rose	T-1
7-73	O
)	O
.	O

S.	T-0
Campbell	O
69	O
;	O
G.	B-PER
Rose	I-PER
7-73	O
)	O
.	T-0

Somerset	B-ORG
298-6	T-0
(	O
M.	O
Lathwell	O
85	O
,	O

Somerset	T-0
298-6	O
(	O
M.	B-PER
Lathwell	I-PER
85	O
,	O

R.	B-PER
Harden	I-PER
65	T-0
)	O
.	O

At	T-0
Colchester	B-LOC
:	O
Gloucestershire	T-1
280	O
(	O
J.	O
Russell	O
63	O
,	O
A.	O
Symonds	O

At	T-0
Colchester	T-1
:	O
Gloucestershire	B-ORG
280	O
(	O
J.	O
Russell	O
63	O
,	O
A.	O
Symonds	O

At	O
Colchester	O
:	O
Gloucestershire	T-0
280	O
(	O
J.	B-PER
Russell	I-PER
63	O
,	O
A.	O
Symonds	O

At	O
Colchester	O
:	O
Gloucestershire	T-0
280	O
(	O
J.	T-1
Russell	T-1
63	T-1
,	O
A.	B-PER
Symonds	I-PER

Essex	B-ORG
194-0	O
(	O
G.	O
Gooch	O
105	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
D.	O
Robinson	T-0

Essex	T-2
194-0	T-0
(	O
G.	B-PER
Gooch	I-PER
105	O
not	T-1
out	T-1
,	O
D.	O
Robinson	O

Essex	O
194-0	O
(	O
G.	O
Gooch	O
105	O
not	T-0
out	T-0
,	O
D.	B-PER
Robinson	I-PER

At	T-0
Cardiff	B-LOC
:	O
Kent	T-1
255-3	O
(	O
D.	O
Fulton	T-2
64	O
,	O
M.	O
Walker	T-3
59	O
,	O
C.	O
Hooper	T-4

At	T-4
Cardiff	T-4
:	O
Kent	B-ORG
255-3	T-0
(	O
D.	O
Fulton	O
64	T-1
,	O
M.	O
Walker	O
59	T-2
,	O
C.	O
Hooper	T-3

At	O
Cardiff	O
:	O
Kent	O
255-3	T-2
(	O
D.	B-PER
Fulton	I-PER
64	T-3
,	O
M.	T-0
Walker	T-0
59	T-4
,	O
C.	T-1
Hooper	T-1

At	O
Cardiff	O
:	O
Kent	T-0
255-3	O
(	O
D.	T-1
Fulton	T-1
64	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Walker	I-PER
59	O
,	O
C.	T-2
Hooper	T-2

At	O
Cardiff	T-0
:	O
Kent	O
255-3	O
(	O
D.	O
Fulton	O
64	O
,	O
M.	O
Walker	O
59	O
,	O
C.	B-PER
Hooper	I-PER

52	O
not	T-0
out	T-0
)	O
v	O
Glamorgan	B-ORG
.	O

At	T-0
Leicester	B-LOC
:	O
Leicestershire	O
343-8	O
(	O
P.	O
Simmons	O
108	O
,	O
P.	O
Nixon	O

At	O
Leicester	O
:	O
Leicestershire	B-ORG
343-8	O
(	O
P.	T-0
Simmons	T-0
108	O
,	O
P.	T-1
Nixon	T-1

At	T-2
Leicester	O
:	O
Leicestershire	T-0
343-8	O
(	O
P.	T-1
Simmons	T-1
108	O
,	O
P.	B-PER
Nixon	I-PER

At	T-0
Northampton	B-LOC
:	O
Sussex	T-1
389	O
(	O
N.	T-2
Lenham	T-2
145	O
,	O
V.	T-3
Drakes	T-3
59	O
,	O

At	O
Northampton	T-0
:	O
Sussex	B-ORG
389	O
(	O
N.	O
Lenham	O
145	O
,	O
V.	O
Drakes	O
59	O
,	O

At	O
Northampton	O
:	O
Sussex	T-0
389	O
(	O
N.	B-PER
Lenham	I-PER
145	O
,	O
V.	T-2
Drakes	T-2
59	O
,	O

At	O
Northampton	O
:	O
Sussex	T-2
389	T-0
(	O
N.	O
Lenham	O
145	T-1
,	O
V.	B-PER
Drakes	I-PER
59	T-3
,	O

A.	B-PER
Wells	I-PER
51	O
;	O
A.	O
Penberthy	T-0
4-36	O
)	O
.	O

A.	T-0
Wells	T-0
51	O
;	O
A.	B-PER
Penberthy	I-PER
4-36	O
)	O
.	O

Northamptonshire	B-ORG
160-4	T-0
(	O
K.	O
Curran	O

At	T-0
Trent	B-LOC
Bridge	I-LOC
:	O
Nottinghamshire	O
392-6	O
(	O
G.	O
Archer	O
143	O
not	O

At	T-0
Trent	O
Bridge	O
:	O
Nottinghamshire	B-ORG
392-6	O
(	O
G.	O
Archer	O
143	O
not	O

At	O
Trent	T-0
Bridge	T-0
:	O
Nottinghamshire	O
392-6	O
(	O
G.	B-PER
Archer	I-PER
143	O
not	O

out	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Dowman	I-PER
107	O
)	O
v	T-0
Surrey	O
.	O

out	O
,	O
M.	O
Dowman	O
107	O
)	O
v	T-0
Surrey	B-ORG
.	O

At	O
Worcester	B-LOC
:	O
Warwickshire	T-0
310	O
(	O
A.	O
Giles	O
83	O
,	O
T.	O
Munton	O
54	O
not	O

At	O
Worcester	O
:	O
Warwickshire	B-ORG
310	T-0
(	O
A.	O
Giles	O
83	T-1
,	O
T.	O
Munton	O
54	T-2
not	O

At	O
Worcester	T-1
:	O
Warwickshire	O
310	O
(	O
A.	B-PER
Giles	I-PER
83	T-0
,	T-0
T.	T-0
Munton	T-0
54	T-0
not	T-0

At	O
Worcester	T-0
:	O
Warwickshire	O
310	O
(	O
A.	O
Giles	O
83	O
,	O
T.	B-PER
Munton	I-PER
54	O
not	O

out	O
,	O
W.	B-PER
Khan	I-PER
52	O
;	O
R.	O
Illingworth	O
4-54	T-0
,	O
S.	O
Lampitt	O
4-90	T-1
)	O
.	O

out	O
,	O
W.	O
Khan	O
52	O
;	O
R.	B-PER
Illingworth	I-PER
4-54	T-0
,	O
S.	O
Lampitt	T-1
4-90	O
)	O
.	O

At	T-0
Headingley	T-1
:	O
Yorkshire	B-ORG
529-8	O
declared	O
(	O
C.	T-2
White	T-2
181	O
,	O

At	O
Headingley	O
:	O
Yorkshire	T-1
529-8	O
declared	T-0
(	O
C.	B-PER
White	I-PER
181	O
,	O

R.	B-PER
Blakey	I-PER
109	O
not	T-0
out	T-0
,	O
M.	O
Moxon	O
66	O
,	O
M.	O
Vaughan	O
57	O
)	O
.	O

R.	T-1
Blakey	T-1
109	O
not	O
out	T-0
,	O
M.	B-PER
Moxon	I-PER
66	O
,	O
M.	O
Vaughan	O
57	O
)	O
.	O

R.	T-0
Blakey	T-0
109	O
not	O
out	O
,	O
M.	T-1
Moxon	T-1
66	O
,	O
M.	B-PER
Vaughan	I-PER
57	O
)	O
.	O

162-4	T-0
(	O
N.	B-PER
Fairbrother	I-PER
53	O
not	O
out	O
)	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
POLLOCK	B-PER
HOPES	T-1
FOR	O
RETURN	O
TO	O
WARWICKSHIRE	T-0
.	O

CRICKET	T-2
-	O
POLLOCK	T-1
HOPES	T-0
FOR	O
RETURN	T-3
TO	O
WARWICKSHIRE	B-ORG
.	O

South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
all-rounder	T-0
Shaun	T-1
Pollock	O
,	O
forced	O
to	O
cut	O
short	O
his	O
first	O
season	O
with	O
Warwickshire	O
to	O
have	O
ankle	O
surgery	O
,	O
has	O
told	O
the	O
English	O
county	O
he	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
return	O
later	O
in	O
his	O
career	O
.	T-1

South	O
African	O
all-rounder	O
Shaun	B-PER
Pollock	I-PER
,	O
forced	O
to	O
cut	O
short	O
his	O
first	O
season	O
with	O
Warwickshire	T-0
to	O
have	O
ankle	O
surgery	O
,	O
has	O
told	O
the	O
English	O
county	O
he	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
return	O
later	O
in	O
his	O
career	O
.	O

South	O
African	O
all-rounder	O
Shaun	T-3
Pollock	T-3
,	O
forced	O
to	O
cut	T-0
short	O
his	O
first	O
season	T-4
with	O
Warwickshire	B-ORG
to	O
have	O
ankle	O
surgery	O
,	O
has	O
told	T-1
the	O
English	O
county	O
he	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
return	T-2
later	O
in	O
his	O
career	O
.	O

South	O
African	O
all-rounder	O
Shaun	O
Pollock	O
,	O
forced	T-1
to	O
cut	O
short	O
his	O
first	O
season	O
with	O
Warwickshire	O
to	O
have	O
ankle	O
surgery	O
,	O
has	O
told	O
the	O
English	B-MISC
county	T-0
he	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
return	O
later	O
in	O
his	O
career	O
.	O

Pollock	B-PER
,	O
who	T-0
returns	T-1
home	T-1
a	O
month	O
early	O
next	O
week	O
,	O
said	O
:	O
"	O
I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
come	O
back	O
and	O
play	O
county	O
cricket	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
think	O
I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
swap	O
counties	O
.	O
"	O

Explaining	T-0
his	O
premature	O
departure	O
was	O
unavoidable	O
,	O
Pollock	B-PER
said	T-1
:	O
"	O
I	O
have	O
been	O
carrying	O
the	O
injury	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
and	O
I	O
hope	O
that	O
by	O
having	O
the	O
surgery	O
now	O
I	O
will	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
last	O
out	O
the	O
new	O
season	O
back	O
home	O
.	O
"	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
V	O
PAKISTAN	T-0
FINAL	T-1
TEST	O
SCOREBOARD	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLAND	T-0
V	T-1
PAKISTAN	B-LOC
FINAL	O
TEST	O
SCOREBOARD	O
.	O

the	O
third	O
and	O
final	T-1
test	T-1
between	O
England	B-LOC
and	O
Pakistan	T-0
at	O
The	O

the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
between	T-1
England	T-2
and	T-0
Pakistan	B-LOC
at	O
The	O

the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	T-0
between	T-0
England	T-0
and	T-0
Pakistan	T-0
at	T-0
The	B-LOC

England	B-LOC
first	T-0
innings	O

M.	B-PER
Atherton	I-PER
b	T-0
Waqar	T-1
Younis	T-2
31	O

M.	T-0
Atherton	T-0
b	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
31	O

A.	B-PER
Stewart	I-PER
b	O
Mushtaq	T-0
Ahmed	T-0
44	O

A.	O
Stewart	T-1
b	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
44	T-0

N.	B-PER
Hussain	I-PER
c	T-0
Saeed	T-1
Anwar	T-1
b	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
12	O

N.	T-0
Hussain	T-0
c	O
Saeed	B-PER
Anwar	I-PER
b	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
12	O

N.	O
Hussain	O
c	O
Saeed	T-0
Anwar	T-0
b	T-1
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
12	O

G.	B-PER
Thorpe	I-PER
lbw	T-0
b	T-1
Mohammad	T-3
Akram	T-4
54	O

G.	O
Thorpe	O
lbw	T-1
b	O
Mohammad	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
54	T-0

J.	B-PER
Crawley	I-PER
b	O
Waqar	T-0
Younis	T-0
106	O

J.	O
Crawley	O
b	T-0
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
106	O

N.	B-PER
Knight	I-PER
b	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	T-0
17	O

N.	T-0
Knight	T-0
b	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
17	O

C.	B-PER
Lewis	I-PER
b	O
Wasim	T-0
Akram	T-0
5	O

C.	O
Lewis	T-0
b	T-0
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
5	O

I.	B-PER
Salisbury	I-PER
c	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	T-0
b	O
Wasim	O
Akram	O
5	T-0

I.	O
Salisbury	T-0
c	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	B-PER
b	O
Wasim	O
Akram	O
5	O

I.	O
Salisbury	O
c	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
b	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
5	T-0

D.	B-PER
Cork	I-PER
c	O
Moin	T-0
Khan	T-0
b	O
Waqar	T-1
Younis	T-1
0	O

D.	O
Cork	O
c	O
Moin	B-PER
Khan	I-PER
b	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
0	T-0

D.	T-1
Cork	T-1
c	O
Moin	O
Khan	O
b	T-0
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
0	O

R.	B-PER
Croft	I-PER
not	O
out	O
5	T-0

A.	B-PER
Mullally	I-PER
b	T-0
Wasim	O
Akram	O
24	O

A.	O
Mullally	T-1
b	T-0
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
24	O

Bowling	T-0
:	O
Wasim	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
29.2-9-83-3	O
,	O
Waqar	T-1
Younis	T-1
25-6-95-4	O
,	O

Bowling	O
:	O
Wasim	O
Akram	T-0
29.2-9-83-3	O
,	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
25-6-95-4	O
,	O

Mohammad	B-PER
Akram	I-PER
12-1-41-1	T-0
,	O
Mushtaq	T-1
Ahmed	T-1
27-5-78-2	O
,	O
Aamir	O
Sohail	O

Mohammad	T-0
Akram	T-0
12-1-41-1	O
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
27-5-78-2	O
,	O
Aamir	B-PER
Sohail	I-PER

Pakistan	B-LOC
first	T-0
innings	O

Saeed	B-PER
Anwar	I-PER
not	T-0
out	T-0
116	O

Aamir	B-PER
Sohail	I-PER
c	O
Cork	T-0
b	O
Croft	O
46	O

Aamir	T-1
Sohail	T-1
c	O
Cork	B-PER
b	T-0
Croft	T-0
46	T-0

Ijaz	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
not	O
out	T-0
58	O

To	O
bat	T-0
:	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	B-PER
,	O
Salim	O
Malik	O
,	O
Asif	O
Mujtaba	O
,	O
Wasim	O

To	O
bat	O
:	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	T-0
,	O
Salim	B-PER
Malik	I-PER
,	O
Asif	O
Mujtaba	O
,	O
Wasim	O

To	T-0
bat	T-0
:	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	O
Malik	O
,	O
Asif	B-PER
Mujtaba	I-PER
,	O
Wasim	O

To	T-0
bat	T-0
:	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	O
Malik	O
,	O
Asif	O
Mujtaba	O
,	O
Wasim	B-PER

Akram	B-PER
,	O
Moin	T-0
Khan	T-0
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
,	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
,	O
Mohammad	O
Akam	O

Akram	T-3
,	O
Moin	B-PER
Khan	I-PER
,	O
Mushtaq	T-0
Ahmed	T-0
,	O
Waqar	T-1
Younis	T-1
,	O
Mohammad	T-2
Akam	T-2

Akram	T-0
,	O
Moin	T-1
Khan	T-1
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
,	O
Waqar	B-PER
Younis	I-PER
,	O
Mohammad	T-2
Akam	T-2

Akram	T-0
,	O
Moin	O
Khan	O
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
,	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
,	O
Mohammad	B-PER
Akam	I-PER

Bowling	O
(	O
to	O
date	O
)	O
:	O
Lewis	T-0
9-1-49-0	O
,	O
Mullally	B-PER
9-3-28-0	O
,	O
Croft	T-1

Bowling	T-0
(	O
to	O
date	O
)	O
:	O
Lewis	T-1
9-1-49-0	O
,	O
Mullally	O
9-3-28-0	O
,	O
Croft	B-PER

17-3-42-1	O
,	O
Cork	B-PER
7-1-38-0	O
,	O
Salisbury	T-0
14-0-71-0	O

17-3-42-1	O
,	O
Cork	T-0
7-1-38-0	O
,	O
Salisbury	B-PER
14-0-71-0	O

CRICKET	T-0
-	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
326	T-2
ALL	O
OUT	O
V	O
PAKISTAN	T-1
IN	O
THIRD	O
TEST	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
ENGLAND	O
326	O
ALL	O
OUT	O
V	O
PAKISTAN	B-LOC
IN	T-0
THIRD	O
TEST	T-1
.	O

England	B-LOC
were	T-2
all	O
out	O
for	O
326	O
in	O
their	O
first	O
innings	O
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	T-1
of	O
the	O
third	T-0
and	T-0
final	T-0
test	T-0
against	O
Pakistan	O
at	O
The	O
Oval	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

England	T-1
were	O
all	O
out	O
for	O
326	O
in	O
their	O
first	O
innings	T-2
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
against	O
Pakistan	B-LOC
at	T-0
The	T-0
Oval	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

England	O
were	O
all	O
out	O
for	O
326	O
in	O
their	O
first	O
innings	T-0
on	O
the	O
second	O
day	O
of	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
final	O
test	O
against	O
Pakistan	O
at	O
The	B-LOC
Oval	I-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Score	O
:	O
England	B-LOC
326	T-0
(	O
J.	T-1
Crawley	T-1
106	O
,	O
G.	T-2
Thorpe	T-2
54	O
.	O

Score	O
:	O
England	O
326	O
(	O
J.	B-PER
Crawley	I-PER
106	O
,	O
G.	T-0
Thorpe	T-0
54	O
.	O

Score	O
:	O
England	T-0
326	O
(	O
J.	O
Crawley	O
106	O
,	O
G.	B-PER
Thorpe	I-PER
54	T-1
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
SPONSORS	T-1
CASH	T-0
IN	T-0
ON	O
RAVANELLI	B-PER
'S	O
SHIRT	O
DANCE	O
.	O

Middlesbrough	B-ORG
's	O
Italian	O
striker	T-0
Fabrizio	O
Ravanelli	O
is	O
to	O
wear	O
his	O
team	T-1
sponsor	O
's	O
name	O
on	O
the	O
inside	O
of	O
his	O
shirt	O
so	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
when	O
he	O
scores	O
.	O

Middlesbrough	T-0
's	T-0
Italian	B-MISC
striker	O
Fabrizio	O
Ravanelli	O
is	O
to	O
wear	T-1
his	O
team	O
sponsor	O
's	O
name	O
on	O
the	O
inside	O
of	O
his	O
shirt	O
so	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
seen	O
when	O
he	O
scores	O
.	O

Middlesbrough	T-3
's	O
Italian	O
striker	T-0
Fabrizio	B-PER
Ravanelli	I-PER
is	O
to	O
wear	T-1
his	O
team	O
sponsor	O
's	O
name	O
on	O
the	O
inside	O
of	O
his	O
shirt	O
so	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
seen	T-2
when	O
he	O
scores	O
.	O

Every	O
time	O
he	O
finds	O
the	O
net	O
,	O
the	O
grey-haired	O
forward	O
pulls	T-2
his	O
shirtfront	O
over	O
his	O
head	O
as	O
he	O
runs	O
to	O
salute	T-0
the	O
fans	O
,	O
and	O
Middlesbrough	B-ORG
's	O
sponsors	T-3
want	O
to	O
cash	O
in	O
on	O
the	O
spectacle	T-1
.	O

"	O
Having	O
seen	T-0
Ravanelli	B-PER
celebrate	T-1
his	O
goals	O
...	O

Ravanelli	B-PER
aggravated	O
a	O
foot	O
injury	O
in	O
the	O
1-0	O
defeat	O
at	O
Chelsea	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
was	O
given	T-0
only	O
an	O
even	O
chance	O
of	O
playing	O
at	O
Nottingham	T-2
Forest	O
on	O
Saturday	O
by	O
his	T-1
manager	T-1
Bryan	O
Robson	O
.	O

Ravanelli	O
aggravated	O
a	O
foot	O
injury	O
in	O
the	O
1-0	O
defeat	O
at	O
Chelsea	B-ORG
on	T-2
Wednesday	T-2
and	O
was	O
given	O
only	O
an	O
even	O
chance	O
of	O
playing	T-0
at	O
Nottingham	O
Forest	O
on	O
Saturday	O
by	O
his	O
manager	T-1
Bryan	O
Robson	O
.	O

Ravanelli	O
aggravated	T-3
a	O
foot	O
injury	T-1
in	O
the	O
1-0	O
defeat	T-2
at	O
Chelsea	T-0
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
was	O
given	O
only	O
an	O
even	O
chance	O
of	O
playing	O
at	O
Nottingham	B-LOC
Forest	I-LOC
on	O
Saturday	O
by	O
his	O
manager	O
Bryan	O
Robson	O
.	O

Ravanelli	T-1
aggravated	T-0
a	O
foot	O
injury	O
in	O
the	O
1-0	O
defeat	O
at	O
Chelsea	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
and	O
was	O
given	O
only	O
an	O
even	O
chance	O
of	O
playing	O
at	O
Nottingham	O
Forest	O
on	O
Saturday	O
by	O
his	O
manager	T-2
Bryan	B-PER
Robson	I-PER
.	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
AUSTRALIANS	B-MISC
ADVANCE	O
AT	O
CANADIAN	O
OPEN	T-0
.	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
AUSTRALIANS	T-0
ADVANCE	O
AT	O
CANADIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

It	O
was	O
Australia	B-MISC
Day	I-MISC
at	O
the	O
$	T-1
2	T-1
million	T-1
Canadian	T-1
Open	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
as	O
three	O
Aussies	T-2
reached	T-0
the	O
quarter-finals	T-3
with	O
straight-set	O
victories	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
Australia	T-2
Day	T-2
at	O
the	O
$	O
2	T-0
million	T-0
Canadian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
on	O
Thursday	T-1
as	O
three	O
Aussies	O
reached	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
straight-set	O
victories	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
Australia	T-0
Day	T-0
at	O
the	O
$	O
2	O
million	O
Canadian	T-1
Open	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
as	O
three	O
Aussies	B-MISC
reached	O
the	O
quarter-finals	O
with	O
straight-set	O
victories	O
.	O

Unseeded	T-1
Patrick	B-PER
Rafter	I-PER
recorded	O
the	O
most	O
noteworthy	T-0
result	O
as	O
he	O
upset	T-2
sixth-seeded	T-2
American	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
6-2	O
6-1	O
in	O
just	O
50	O
minutes	O
.	O

Unseeded	O
Patrick	O
Rafter	O
recorded	T-0
the	O
most	O
noteworthy	O
result	O
as	O
he	O
upset	T-1
sixth-seeded	O
American	B-MISC
MaliVai	T-2
Washington	T-2
6-2	O
6-1	O
in	O
just	O
50	O
minutes	O
.	O

Unseeded	O
Patrick	T-2
Rafter	T-2
recorded	O
the	O
most	O
noteworthy	T-1
result	O
as	O
he	O
upset	O
sixth-seeded	T-0
American	T-0
MaliVai	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
6-2	O
6-1	O
in	O
just	O
50	O
minutes	O
.	O

Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
,	O
who	T-0
defeated	T-1
Canadian	T-2
Daniel	T-2
Nestor	T-2
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Mark	T-3
Philippoussis	T-3
,	O
a	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
winner	O
over	O
Bohdan	T-4
Ulihrach	T-4
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
,	O
also	O
advanced	O
and	O
will	O
meet	O
in	O
Friday	O
's	O
quarter-finals	O
.	O

Todd	T-5
Woodbridge	T-5
,	O
who	O
defeated	T-4
Canadian	B-MISC
Daniel	T-1
Nestor	T-1
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Mark	T-0
Philippoussis	T-0
,	O
a	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
winner	O
over	O
Bohdan	T-2
Ulihrach	T-2
of	O
the	O
Czech	T-3
Republic	T-3
,	O
also	O
advanced	O
and	O
will	O
meet	O
in	O
Friday	O
's	O
quarter-finals	O
.	O

Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
,	O
who	O
defeated	O
Canadian	T-1
Daniel	B-PER
Nestor	I-PER
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	T-0
,	O
a	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
winner	O
over	O
Bohdan	O
Ulihrach	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
,	O
also	O
advanced	O
and	O
will	O
meet	O
in	O
Friday	O
's	O
quarter-finals	O
.	O

Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
,	O
who	O
defeated	T-1
Canadian	O
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
,	O
and	T-0
Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
,	O
a	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
winner	T-2
over	O
Bohdan	O
Ulihrach	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
,	O
also	O
advanced	O
and	O
will	O
meet	O
in	O
Friday	O
's	O
quarter-finals	O
.	O

Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
,	O
who	O
defeated	O
Canadian	O
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
,	O
a	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
winner	T-0
over	O
Bohdan	B-PER
Ulihrach	I-PER
of	T-1
the	T-1
Czech	T-1
Republic	T-1
,	O
also	O
advanced	O
and	O
will	O
meet	O
in	O
Friday	O
's	O
quarter-finals	O
.	O

Todd	T-2
Woodbridge	T-2
,	O
who	O
defeated	O
Canadian	T-3
Daniel	T-3
Nestor	T-3
7-6	O
(	O
7-2	O
)	O
7-6	O
(	O
7-4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Mark	T-4
Philippoussis	T-4
,	O
a	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
winner	O
over	O
Bohdan	T-5
Ulihrach	T-5
of	O
the	T-1
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
,	O
also	O
advanced	O
and	O
will	O
meet	O
in	O
Friday	O
's	O
quarter-finals	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
defeated	T-2
Tim	O
Henman	O
of	O
Britain	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	O
Thomas	O
Enqvist	O
of	O
Sweden	O
won	T-3
his	O
third-round	O
match	O
,	O
eliminating	T-0
Petr	O
Korda	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	T-1
Republic	T-1
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	T-1
Ferreira	T-1
of	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
defeated	O
Tim	T-2
Henman	T-2
of	O
Britain	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	O
Thomas	T-3
Enqvist	T-3
of	O
Sweden	O
won	O
his	O
third-round	O
match	O
,	O
eliminating	O
Petr	O
Korda	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	T-0
Ferreira	T-0
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
defeated	O
Tim	B-PER
Henman	I-PER
of	O
Britain	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	O
Thomas	T-1
Enqvist	T-1
of	O
Sweden	O
won	T-2
his	O
third-round	O
match	O
,	O
eliminating	T-3
Petr	O
Korda	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
defeated	O
Tim	O
Henman	T-1
of	T-2
Britain	B-LOC
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	O
Thomas	O
Enqvist	O
of	O
Sweden	O
won	T-0
his	O
third-round	O
match	O
,	O
eliminating	O
Petr	O
Korda	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
defeated	T-2
Tim	O
Henman	T-0
of	O
Britain	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	O
Thomas	B-PER
Enqvist	I-PER
of	O
Sweden	O
won	T-3
his	O
third-round	O
match	O
,	O
eliminating	T-4
Petr	O
Korda	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	T-1
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	T-1
Ferreira	T-1
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
defeated	O
Tim	T-2
Henman	T-2
of	O
Britain	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	O
Thomas	T-3
Enqvist	T-3
of	O
Sweden	B-LOC
won	O
his	O
third-round	O
match	T-0
,	O
eliminating	T-4
Petr	O
Korda	O
of	O
the	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
defeated	T-1
Tim	O
Henman	O
of	O
Britain	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	T-0
Thomas	O
Enqvist	O
of	O
Sweden	O
won	O
his	O
third-round	O
match	O
,	O
eliminating	O
Petr	B-PER
Korda	I-PER
of	T-2
the	T-2
Czech	T-2
Republic	T-2
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Third-seeded	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
of	O
South	O
Africa	O
defeated	O
Tim	O
Henman	O
of	O
Britain	O
6-4	O
6-4	O
after	O
a	O
three-hour	O
evening	O
rain	O
delay	O
and	O
fifth-seeded	O
Thomas	O
Enqvist	O
of	O
Sweden	O
won	O
his	O
third-round	O
match	O
,	O
eliminating	O
Petr	T-0
Korda	T-1
of	T-2
the	T-2
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
6-3	O
6-4	O
.	O

Ferreira	B-PER
and	T-0
Enqvist	T-1
play	O
in	O
a	O
Friday	O
night	O
quarter-final	O
.	O

Ferreira	T-0
and	O
Enqvist	B-PER
play	T-1
in	O
a	O
Friday	O
night	O
quarter-final	O
.	O

Two	T-3
Americans	B-MISC
,	O
seventh	O
seed	O
Todd	T-0
Martin	T-0
and	O
unseeded	O
Alex	T-1
O'Brien	T-1
,	O
will	O
meet	T-2
on	O
Friday	O
after	O
winning	O
matches	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Two	O
Americans	O
,	O
seventh	T-0
seed	T-1
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
and	T-2
unseeded	O
Alex	O
O'Brien	O
,	O
will	O
meet	O
on	O
Friday	O
after	O
winning	O
matches	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Two	O
Americans	T-1
,	O
seventh	O
seed	O
Todd	T-0
Martin	T-0
and	O
unseeded	T-2
Alex	B-PER
O'Brien	I-PER
,	O
will	O
meet	O
on	O
Friday	O
after	O
winning	T-3
matches	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	T-1

Martin	B-PER
overcame	T-1
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
of	O
France	O
2-6	O
6-2	O
6-4	O
and	O
O'Brien	O
beat	T-0
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
of	O
Sweden	O
6-3	O
2-6	O
6-3	O
.	O

Martin	O
overcame	T-0
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
of	O
France	O
2-6	O
6-2	O
6-4	O
and	O
O'Brien	O
beat	O
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
of	O
Sweden	O
6-3	O
2-6	O
6-3	O
.	O

Martin	O
overcame	O
Cedric	T-1
Pioline	T-1
of	T-0
France	B-LOC
2-6	O
6-2	O
6-4	O
and	O
O'Brien	O
beat	O
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
of	O
Sweden	T-2
6-3	O
2-6	O
6-3	O
.	O

Martin	T-0
overcame	T-1
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
of	O
France	O
2-6	O
6-2	O
6-4	O
and	O
O'Brien	B-PER
beat	T-2
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
of	O
Sweden	O
6-3	O
2-6	O
6-3	O
.	O

Martin	O
overcame	O
Cedric	O
Pioline	T-2
of	O
France	T-0
2-6	O
6-2	O
6-4	O
and	O
O'Brien	T-1
beat	T-3
Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
of	T-4
Sweden	T-4
6-3	O
2-6	O
6-3	O
.	O

Martin	O
overcame	T-0
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
of	O
France	O
2-6	O
6-2	O
6-4	O
and	O
O'Brien	O
beat	T-1
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
of	T-2
Sweden	B-LOC
6-3	O
2-6	O
6-3	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
you	O
really	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
match	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-1
the	O
12th-ranked	T-4
Washington	B-PER
after	T-0
losing	T-0
to	T-0
the	T-0
70th-ranked	T-0
Rafter	T-0
,	O
"	O
I	O
never	O
really	O
got	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
play	O
because	O
he	O
was	O
serving	T-2
big	O
and	O
getting	T-3
in	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
net	O
.	O

"	O
If	O
you	O
really	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
match	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-0
the	O
12th-ranked	O
Washington	O
after	O
losing	O
to	O
the	T-1
70th-ranked	T-1
Rafter	B-PER
,	O
"	O
I	O
never	O
really	O
got	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
play	O
because	O
he	O
was	O
serving	O
big	O
and	O
getting	O
in	O
close	O
to	O
the	O
net	O
.	O

Rafter	B-PER
missed	T-1
10	O
weeks	O
after	O
wrist	T-0
surgery	T-0
earlier	O
this	O
year	O
and	O
the	O
time	O
away	O
from	O
tennis	O
has	O
given	T-2
him	O
a	O
new	O
perspective	T-3
.	O

"	O
Before	O
when	O
I	O
was	O
on	T-2
tour	T-2
,	O
I	O
always	O
felt	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
bed	O
by	O
9:30	O
or	O
10	O
o'clock	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
up	O
at	O
a	O
certain	T-1
time	O
,	O
"	O
Rafter	B-PER
said	T-0
.	O
"	O

Martin	B-PER
was	O
pleased	O
with	O
his	O
victory	T-0
over	O
Pioline	T-1
,	O
his	O
first	O
in	O
five	O
meetings	O
with	O
the	O
11th-ranked	O
Frenchman	T-2
.	O
"	O

Martin	O
was	O
pleased	O
with	O
his	O
victory	T-2
over	O
Pioline	B-PER
,	O
his	T-3
first	O
in	O
five	O
meetings	O
with	O
the	O
11th-ranked	T-0
Frenchman	T-1
.	O
"	O

Martin	O
was	O
pleased	T-1
with	O
his	O
victory	O
over	O
Pioline	O
,	O
his	O
first	O
in	O
five	O
meetings	T-0
with	O
the	O
11th-ranked	O
Frenchman	B-MISC
.	O
"	O

"	O
I	O
got	O
more	O
aggressive	T-0
in	O
the	O
second	O
and	O
third	O
sets	O
and	O
the	O
wind	O
picked	O
up	O
and	O
that	O
also	O
affected	O
things	O
because	O
Cedric	B-PER
definitely	T-1
went	O
off	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
.	O
"	O

The	O
26-year-old	O
O'Brien	B-PER
,	O
who	O
won	T-0
the	O
ATP	O
Tour	O
stop	O
in	O
New	O
Haven	O
last	O
week	O
,	O
has	O
now	O
won	O
18	O
of	O
his	O
last	O
20	O
matches	O
,	O
dating	O
back	O
to	O
qualifying	O
rounds	O
in	O
Los	O
Angeles	O
in	O
late	O
July	O
.	O

The	O
26-year-old	O
O'Brien	O
,	O
who	O
won	O
the	O
ATP	B-MISC
Tour	I-MISC
stop	O
in	O
New	O
Haven	O
last	O
week	O
,	O
has	O
now	O
won	O
18	O
of	O
his	O
last	O
20	O
matches	T-0
,	O
dating	O
back	O
to	O
qualifying	O
rounds	O
in	O
Los	O
Angeles	O
in	O
late	O
July	O
.	O

The	O
26-year-old	O
O'Brien	O
,	O
who	O
won	T-2
the	O
ATP	O
Tour	T-0
stop	T-0
in	O
New	B-LOC
Haven	I-LOC
last	O
week	O
,	O
has	O
now	O
won	O
18	O
of	O
his	O
last	O
20	O
matches	T-1
,	O
dating	O
back	O
to	O
qualifying	T-3
rounds	T-3
in	O
Los	O
Angeles	O
in	O
late	O
July	O
.	O

The	O
26-year-old	O
O'Brien	O
,	O
who	O
won	T-1
the	O
ATP	O
Tour	O
stop	O
in	O
New	T-0
Haven	T-0
last	O
week	O
,	O
has	O
now	O
won	O
18	O
of	O
his	O
last	O
20	O
matches	O
,	O
dating	O
back	O
to	O
qualifying	T-2
rounds	O
in	O
Los	B-LOC
Angeles	I-LOC
in	O
late	O
July	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
feel	O
I	O
'm	O
hitting	O
the	O
ball	O
well	O
even	O
though	O
I	O
'm	O
having	O
more	O
mental	T-0
letdowns	T-0
than	O
I	O
did	O
last	O
week	O
,	O
"	O
O'Brien	B-PER
said	T-1
.	O
"	O

"	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
first	O
serves	O
in	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Enqvist	B-PER
about	O
his	T-0
victory	O
over	O
Korda	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
I	O
got	T-1
a	O
lot	O
of	O
first	O
serves	T-2
in	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Enqvist	T-0
about	O
his	O
victory	O
over	O
Korda	B-PER
.	O
"	O

Still	O
marvelling	O
at	O
an	O
exciting	O
64-stroke	O
rally	O
he	O
won	T-2
in	O
the	O
last	O
game	O
of	O
his	O
second-round	O
match	O
against	T-0
Javier	B-PER
Sanchez	I-PER
of	O
Spain	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
Enqvist	O
joked	T-1
,	O
"	O
Today	O
against	O
Petr	O
there	O
were	O
about	O
64	O
strokes	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
match	O
.	O

Still	O
marvelling	O
at	O
an	O
exciting	O
64-stroke	O
rally	O
he	O
won	T-0
in	O
the	O
last	O
game	O
of	O
his	O
second-round	O
match	O
against	O
Javier	O
Sanchez	O
of	T-2
Spain	B-LOC
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
Enqvist	O
joked	O
,	O
"	O
Today	O
against	O
Petr	O
there	O
were	O
about	O
64	T-1
strokes	T-1
in	O
the	O
whole	O
match	O
.	O

Still	O
marvelling	O
at	O
an	O
exciting	O
64-stroke	O
rally	O
he	T-1
won	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
game	O
of	O
his	O
second-round	O
match	O
against	O
Javier	O
Sanchez	O
of	O
Spain	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
Enqvist	B-PER
joked	T-0
,	O
"	O
Today	O
against	O
Petr	O
there	O
were	O
about	O
64	O
strokes	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
match	O
.	O

Still	O
marvelling	O
at	O
an	O
exciting	O
64-stroke	O
rally	O
he	T-1
won	T-1
in	O
the	O
last	O
game	O
of	O
his	O
second-round	O
match	O
against	T-2
Javier	T-2
Sanchez	T-2
of	O
Spain	O
on	O
Tuesday	O
,	O
Enqvist	O
joked	O
,	O
"	O
Today	O
against	T-3
Petr	B-PER
there	O
were	T-0
about	O
64	O
strokes	O
in	O
the	O
whole	O
match	O
.	O

TENNIS	T-0
-	O
RESULTS	O
AT	O
CANADIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

Results	T-1
from	T-0
the	T-0
Canadian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC

3	O
-	O
Wayne	B-PER
Ferreira	I-PER
(	O
South	T-2
Africa	T-2
)	O
beat	T-1
Tim	T-0
Henman	T-0
(	O
Britain	T-3
)	O
6-4	O

3	O
-	O
Wayne	T-0
Ferreira	T-0
(	O
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
)	O
beat	T-2
Tim	T-1
Henman	T-1
(	O
Britain	O
)	O
6-4	O

3	O
-	O
Wayne	O
Ferreira	O
(	O
South	T-0
Africa	T-0
)	O
beat	T-2
Tim	B-PER
Henman	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-1
)	O
6-4	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	B-PER
Rios	I-PER
(	O
Chile	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Daniel	T-0
Vacek	T-0
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
6-4	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	O
Rios	O
(	O
Chile	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Daniel	T-0
Vacek	T-0
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
6-4	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	T-0
Rios	T-1
(	O
Chile	O
)	O
beat	O
Daniel	B-PER
Vacek	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O
6-4	O

4	O
-	O
Marcelo	T-0
Rios	T-0
(	O
Chile	O
)	O
beat	O
Daniel	O
Vacek	O
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
6-4	O

5	O
-	O
Thomas	B-PER
Enqvist	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
beat	T-0
Petr	T-2
Korda	T-2
(	O
Czech	O
Republic	O
)	O

5	O
-	O
Thomas	O
Enqvist	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Petr	T-0
Korda	T-0
(	T-0
Czech	T-0
Republic	T-0
)	T-0

5	O
-	O
Thomas	T-1
Enqvist	T-1
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
beat	T-2
Petr	B-PER
Korda	I-PER
(	O
Czech	T-0
Republic	T-0
)	O

5	O
-	O
Thomas	O
Enqvist	O
(	O
Sweden	T-1
)	O
beat	O
Petr	T-0
Korda	T-0
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O

Patrick	O
Rafter	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
6	O
-	O
MaliVai	O
Washington	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O

Patrick	O
Rafter	O
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
beat	O
6	O
-	O
MaliVai	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O

Patrick	T-0
Rafter	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
beat	T-2
6	O
-	O
MaliVai	T-1
Washington	T-1
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O

7	O
-	O
Todd	B-PER
Martin	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
beat	O
9	O
-	O
Cedric	O
Pioline	O
(	O
France	T-1
)	O
2-6	O
6-2	O

7	O
-	O
Todd	T-0
Martin	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-2
9	O
-	O
Cedric	T-1
Pioline	T-1
(	O
France	O
)	O
2-6	O
6-2	O

7	O
-	O
Todd	O
Martin	O
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-1
9	O
-	O
Cedric	B-PER
Pioline	I-PER
(	O
France	O
)	O
2-6	O
6-2	O

7	O
-	O
Todd	T-2
Martin	T-2
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-1
9	O
-	O
Cedric	T-3
Pioline	T-3
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
2-6	O
6-2	O

Mark	B-PER
Philippoussis	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-1
)	O
beat	O
Bohdan	T-0
Ulihrach	T-0
(	O
Czech	O

Mark	T-1
Philippoussis	T-1
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
Bohdan	O
Ulihrach	O
(	O
Czech	T-2

Mark	T-0
Philippoussis	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Bohdan	B-PER
Ulihrach	I-PER
(	O
Czech	O

Mark	O
Philippoussis	O
(	O
Australia	T-1
)	O
beat	T-0
Bohdan	O
Ulihrach	O
(	O
Czech	B-LOC

Alex	B-PER
O'Brien	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Mikael	T-0
Tillstrom	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
6-3	O
2-6	O

Alex	O
O'Brien	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Mikael	T-0
Tillstrom	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
6-3	O
2-6	O

Alex	T-0
O'Brien	T-0
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-1
Mikael	B-PER
Tillstrom	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-2
)	O
6-3	O
2-6	O

Alex	T-1
O'Brien	T-1
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
beat	T-2
Mikael	O
Tillstrom	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
6-3	T-0
2-6	T-0

Todd	B-PER
Woodbridge	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-1
)	O
beat	T-0
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
7-6	O

Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
(	O
Canada	T-0
)	O
7-6	O

Todd	T-0
Woodbridge	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
beat	O
Daniel	B-PER
Nestor	I-PER
(	O
Canada	O
)	O
7-6	O

Todd	O
Woodbridge	O
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
beat	T-1
Daniel	O
Nestor	O
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
7-6	O

RUGBY	B-ORG
UNION	I-ORG
-	O
MULDER	O
OUT	T-1
OF	O
SECOND	O
TEST	T-0
.	O

RUGBY	T-1
UNION	T-1
-	O
MULDER	B-PER
OUT	T-2
OF	T-2
SECOND	O
TEST	T-0
.	O

Centre	T-0
Japie	B-PER
Mulder	I-PER
has	O
been	O
ruled	T-1
out	T-3
of	T-3
South	O
Africa	O
's	O
team	O
for	O
the	O
second	O
test	T-2
against	O
New	O
Zealand	O
in	O
Pretoria	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Centre	O
Japie	O
Mulder	O
has	T-0
been	T-0
ruled	T-0
out	T-0
of	T-0
South	B-LOC
Africa	I-LOC
's	O
team	O
for	O
the	O
second	O
test	T-1
against	O
New	O
Zealand	O
in	O
Pretoria	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Centre	T-2
Japie	T-2
Mulder	T-2
has	T-3
been	T-3
ruled	T-3
out	T-3
of	O
South	T-0
Africa	T-0
's	T-0
team	T-0
for	O
the	O
second	O
test	O
against	O
New	B-LOC
Zealand	I-LOC
in	O
Pretoria	T-1
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Mulder	B-PER
missed	T-1
the	O
first	O
test	O
in	O
Durban	O
with	O
back	O
spasms	T-0
and	O
failed	O
a	O
fitness	O
check	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Mulder	T-1
missed	O
the	O
first	T-0
test	T-0
in	O
Durban	B-LOC
with	O
back	O
spasms	O
and	O
failed	O
a	O
fitness	T-2
check	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

But	T-1
new	T-1
Springbok	B-ORG
skipper	T-0
Gary	O
Teichmann	O
has	O
recovered	O
from	O
a	O
bruised	O
thigh	O
and	O
is	O
ready	O
to	O
play	O
,	O
coach	O
Andre	O
Markgraaff	O
said	O
.	O

But	O
new	O
Springbok	O
skipper	T-2
Gary	B-PER
Teichmann	I-PER
has	O
recovered	T-0
from	O
a	O
bruised	O
thigh	O
and	O
is	O
ready	T-1
to	O
play	O
,	O
coach	O
Andre	O
Markgraaff	O
said	O
.	O

But	O
new	O
Springbok	O
skipper	O
Gary	O
Teichmann	O
has	O
recovered	T-1
from	O
a	O
bruised	O
thigh	O
and	O
is	O
ready	T-2
to	T-2
play	T-2
,	O
coach	T-0
Andre	B-PER
Markgraaff	I-PER
said	O
.	O

Mulder	B-PER
's	O
absence	O
means	O
that	O
Northern	T-1
Transvaal	T-1
centre	T-0
Andre	T-2
Snyman	T-2
should	O
win	O
his	O
second	O
cap	O
alongside	O
provincial	O
colleague	O
Danie	O
van	O
Schalkwyk	O
.	O

Mulder	T-0
's	O
absence	O
means	O
that	O
Northern	B-ORG
Transvaal	I-ORG
centre	O
Andre	O
Snyman	O
should	T-1
win	O
his	O
second	O
cap	O
alongside	O
provincial	O
colleague	O
Danie	O
van	O
Schalkwyk	O
.	O

Mulder	T-0
's	T-0
absence	O
means	O
that	O
Northern	T-2
Transvaal	T-2
centre	O
Andre	B-PER
Snyman	I-PER
should	O
win	O
his	O
second	O
cap	O
alongside	O
provincial	T-3
colleague	O
Danie	T-1
van	T-1
Schalkwyk	T-1
.	O

Mulder	T-2
's	O
absence	T-0
means	O
that	O
Northern	O
Transvaal	O
centre	O
Andre	T-3
Snyman	T-3
should	O
win	T-1
his	O
second	O
cap	O
alongside	O
provincial	O
colleague	O
Danie	B-PER
van	I-PER
Schalkwyk	I-PER
.	O

Wing	T-0
Pieter	B-PER
Hendriks	I-PER
is	O
expected	O
to	O
retain	O
his	T-1
place	O
,	O
following	O
speculation	O
that	O
Snyman	O
would	O
be	O
picked	O
out	O
of	O
position	O
on	O
the	O
wing	O
.	O

Wing	O
Pieter	O
Hendriks	O
is	O
expected	T-0
to	O
retain	O
his	O
place	O
,	O
following	O
speculation	O
that	T-1
Snyman	B-PER
would	O
be	T-2
picked	T-2
out	T-2
of	T-2
position	T-2
on	O
the	O
wing	O
.	O

The	O
line-up	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
announced	T-1
until	O
shortly	O
before	O
the	O
start	T-2
,	O
Markgraaff	B-PER
said	T-0
.	O

BADMINTON	T-0
-	O
MALAYSIAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
BADMINTON	O
RESULTS	T-1
.	O

Results	T-0
in	T-0
the	T-0
Malaysian	B-MISC

2	O
-	O
Ong	B-PER
Ewe	I-PER
Hock	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	T-0
)	O
beat	T-2
5/8	O
-	O
Hu	T-1
Zhilan	T-1
(	O
China	O
)	O
15-2	O
15-10	O

2	O
-	O
Ong	T-0
Ewe	T-0
Hock	T-0
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
5/8	O
-	O
Hu	O
Zhilan	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
15-2	O
15-10	O

2	O
-	O
Ong	T-0
Ewe	T-0
Hock	T-0
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
beat	T-1
5/8	O
-	O
Hu	B-PER
Zhilan	I-PER
(	O
China	T-2
)	O
15-2	O
15-10	O

2	O
-	O
Ong	O
Ewe	O
Hock	O
(	O
Malaysia	T-0
)	O
beat	O
5/8	O
-	O
Hu	O
Zhilan	O
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
15-2	O
15-10	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	B-PER
Yigang	I-PER
(	O
China	T-1
)	O
beat	T-3
Jason	T-0
Wong	T-0
(	O
Malaysia	T-2
)	O
15-5	O
15-6	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	O
Yigang	O
(	O
China	T-0
)	O
beat	T-2
Jason	B-PER
Wong	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	T-1
)	O
15-5	O
15-6	O

9/16	O
-	O
Luo	O
Yigang	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
Jason	O
Wong	O
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
15-5	O
15-6	O

Ijaya	B-PER
Indra	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	T-0
)	O
beat	O
P.	O
Kantharoopan	O
(	O
Malaysia	T-1
)	O
15-6	O
5-4	O

Ijaya	T-0
Indra	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O
beat	O
P.	O
Kantharoopan	T-1
(	O
Malaysia	O
)	O
15-6	O
5-4	O

Ijaya	T-1
Indra	T-1
(	O
Indonesia	T-2
)	O
beat	T-3
P.	B-PER
Kantharoopan	I-PER
(	O
Malaysia	T-0
)	O
15-6	O
5-4	O

Ijaya	T-0
Indra	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	O
)	O
beat	T-1
P.	T-2
Kantharoopan	T-2
(	O
Malaysia	B-LOC
)	O
15-6	O
5-4	O

9/16	O
-	O
Chen	B-PER
Gang	I-PER
(	O
China	T-0
)	O
beat	T-3
9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	T-1
Susanto	T-1
(	O
Indonesia	T-2
)	O

9/16	O
-	O
Chen	T-1
Gang	T-1
(	O
China	B-LOC
)	O
beat	T-0
9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	T-2
Susanto	T-2
(	O
Indonesia	T-3
)	O

9/16	O
-	O
Chen	T-0
Gang	T-0
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-1
9/16	O
-	O
Hermawan	B-PER
Susanto	I-PER
(	O
Indonesia	T-2
)	O

9/16	O
-	O
Chen	O
Gang	O
(	O
China	O
)	O
beat	T-0
9/16	T-0
-	T-0
Hermawan	T-0
Susanto	T-0
(	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
)	O

TENNIS	O
-	O
INJURED	T-0
CHANDA	B-PER
RUBIN	I-PER
OUT	O
OF	O
U.S.	O
OPEN	O
.	O

TENNIS	T-0
-	O
INJURED	T-1
CHANDA	O
RUBIN	O
OUT	O
OF	O
U.S.	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
.	O

Promising	O
10th-ranked	T-0
American	B-MISC
Chanda	T-2
Rubin	T-2
has	O
pulled	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	T-1
Open	T-1
Tennis	O
Championships	O
with	O
a	O
wrist	O
injury	O
,	O
tournament	O
officials	O
announced	O
.	O

Promising	O
10th-ranked	O
American	T-1
Chanda	B-PER
Rubin	I-PER
has	O
pulled	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Open	O
Tennis	O
Championships	T-0
with	O
a	O
wrist	O
injury	T-2
,	O
tournament	O
officials	O
announced	O
.	O

Promising	O
10th-ranked	O
American	O
Chanda	O
Rubin	O
has	O
pulled	T-1
out	O
of	O
the	O
U.S.	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
Tennis	I-MISC
Championships	I-MISC
with	O
a	O
wrist	T-0
injury	T-0
,	O
tournament	T-2
officials	O
announced	O
.	O

The	T-3
20-year-old	T-3
Rubin	B-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
seeded	T-1
11th	O
,	O
is	O
still	O
suffering	T-2
from	O
tendinitis	T-4
of	O
the	O
right	O
wrist	T-0
that	O
has	O
kept	O
her	O
sidelined	O
in	O
recent	O
months	O
.	O

Rubin	B-PER
's	O
misfortune	O
turned	T-1
into	O
a	O
very	O
lucky	O
break	O
for	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	T-0
champion	T-0
Lindsay	T-2
Davenport	T-2
.	O

Rubin	O
's	O
misfortune	T-2
turned	O
into	O
a	O
very	O
lucky	O
break	O
for	O
eighth-seeded	T-0
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	T-1
Lindsay	O
Davenport	O
.	O

Rubin	O
's	O
misfortune	O
turned	T-1
into	O
a	O
very	O
lucky	O
break	O
for	O
eighth-seeded	O
Olympic	O
champion	T-0
Lindsay	B-PER
Davenport	I-PER
.	O

Davenport	B-PER
had	O
drawn	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
toughest	O
first-round	O
assignments	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
seeded	T-0
players	T-1
in	O
17th-ranked	O
Karina	O
Habsudova	O
of	O
Slovakia	O
.	O

Davenport	T-1
had	O
drawn	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
toughest	O
first-round	O
assignments	T-0
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
seeded	O
players	T-2
in	O
17th-ranked	O
Karina	B-PER
Habsudova	I-PER
of	O
Slovakia	O
.	O

Davenport	O
had	O
drawn	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
toughest	O
first-round	O
assignments	O
of	O
any	O
of	O
the	O
seeded	T-2
players	O
in	T-0
17th-ranked	O
Karina	O
Habsudova	T-3
of	T-1
Slovakia	B-LOC
.	O

But	O
as	O
the	O
highest-ranked	O
non-seeded	O
player	T-0
in	O
the	O
tournament	O
,	O
Habsudova	B-PER
will	O
be	O
moved	O
into	O
Rubin	O
's	O
slot	O
in	O
the	O
draw	O
,	O
while	O
Davenport	O
will	O
now	O
get	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
U.S.	O
Tennis	O
Association	O
officials	O
.	O

But	O
as	O
the	O
highest-ranked	O
non-seeded	O
player	O
in	O
the	O
tournament	O
,	O
Habsudova	O
will	O
be	O
moved	T-2
into	O
Rubin	B-PER
's	T-1
slot	T-0
in	O
the	O
draw	O
,	O
while	O
Davenport	O
will	O
now	O
get	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
U.S.	O
Tennis	O
Association	O
officials	O
.	O

But	O
as	O
the	O
highest-ranked	O
non-seeded	O
player	O
in	O
the	O
tournament	O
,	O
Habsudova	O
will	O
be	O
moved	O
into	O
Rubin	T-1
's	O
slot	O
in	O
the	O
draw	O
,	O
while	O
Davenport	B-PER
will	T-0
now	O
get	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
U.S.	O
Tennis	O
Association	O
officials	O
.	O

But	O
as	O
the	O
highest-ranked	O
non-seeded	O
player	O
in	O
the	O
tournament	O
,	O
Habsudova	O
will	O
be	O
moved	O
into	O
Rubin	T-2
's	O
slot	O
in	O
the	O
draw	O
,	O
while	O
Davenport	T-3
will	O
now	O
get	O
a	O
qualifier	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
,	O
according	T-0
to	T-0
U.S.	B-MISC
Tennis	I-MISC
Association	I-MISC
officials	T-1
.	O

Rubin	B-PER
is	T-5
the	T-5
third	O
notable	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
the	O
women	T-0
's	T-0
competition	O
after	O
12th-ranked	O
former	O
Australian	O
Open	O
champion	O
Mary	T-3
Pierce	T-3
and	O
20th-ranked	O
Wimbledon	T-1
semifinalist	O
Meredith	T-4
McGrath	T-4
pulled	O
out	O
earlier	O
this	O
week	O
with	O
injuries	T-2
.	O

Rubin	O
is	O
the	O
third	O
notable	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
competition	O
after	O
12th-ranked	O
former	O
Australian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
champion	T-0
Mary	O
Pierce	O
and	O
20th-ranked	O
Wimbledon	O
semifinalist	O
Meredith	O
McGrath	O
pulled	O
out	O
earlier	O
this	O
week	O
with	O
injuries	O
.	O

Rubin	O
is	O
the	O
third	O
notable	O
withdrawal	O
from	O
the	O
women	T-1
's	T-1
competition	T-1
after	O
12th-ranked	O
former	O
Australian	O
Open	O
champion	T-0
Mary	B-PER
Pierce	I-PER
and	O
20th-ranked	T-2
Wimbledon	O
semifinalist	O
Meredith	O
McGrath	O
pulled	T-3
out	T-3
earlier	O
this	O
week	O
with	O
injuries	O
.	O

Rubin	O
is	O
the	O
third	O
notable	O
withdrawal	T-0
from	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
competition	T-1
after	O
12th-ranked	O
former	O
Australian	T-2
Open	T-2
champion	T-2
Mary	O
Pierce	O
and	O
20th-ranked	O
Wimbledon	B-MISC
semifinalist	O
Meredith	O
McGrath	O
pulled	O
out	O
earlier	O
this	O
week	O
with	O
injuries	O
.	O

Rubin	O
is	O
the	O
third	O
notable	O
withdrawal	T-1
from	O
the	O
women	T-2
's	T-2
competition	T-2
after	O
12th-ranked	O
former	O
Australian	T-0
Open	T-0
champion	T-0
Mary	O
Pierce	O
and	O
20th-ranked	O
Wimbledon	O
semifinalist	O
Meredith	B-PER
McGrath	I-PER
pulled	O
out	O
earlier	O
this	O
week	O
with	O
injuries	O
.	O

Men	O
's	O
Australian	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
champion	T-0
Boris	O
Becker	O
will	O
also	O
miss	T-1
the	O
year	O
's	O
final	T-2
Grand	T-2
Slam	T-2
with	O
a	O
wrist	O
injury	O
.	O

Men	O
's	O
Australian	O
Open	O
champion	O
Boris	B-PER
Becker	I-PER
will	O
also	O
miss	O
the	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
Grand	T-0
Slam	T-0
with	O
a	O
wrist	O
injury	O
.	O

Men	O
's	O
Australian	T-1
Open	T-1
champion	O
Boris	T-4
Becker	T-4
will	O
also	O
miss	T-2
the	O
year	T-0
's	T-0
final	T-0
Grand	B-MISC
Slam	I-MISC
with	O
a	O
wrist	O
injury	T-3
.	O

BASEBALL	T-0
-	O
MAJOR	B-MISC
LEAGUE	I-MISC
STANDINGS	T-1
AFTER	O
THURSDAY	T-2
'S	O
GAMES	O
.	O

TORONTO	B-ORG
59	T-0
69	T-0
.461	T-0
14	T-0

DETROIT	B-ORG
45	O
82	O
.354	O
27	O
1/2	T-0

CLEVELAND	B-ORG
76	T-0
51	T-0
.598	T-0
-	T-0

MINNESOTA	B-ORG
63	T-0
64	O
.496	O
13	O

TEXAS	B-ORG
74	T-0
54	T-0
.578	T-0
-	O

CALIFORNIA	B-ORG
59	T-0
68	O
.465	O
14	O
1/2	O

SEATTLE	B-ORG
AT	O
BOSTON	T-0

SEATTLE	T-0
AT	O
BOSTON	B-LOC

MILWAUKEE	B-ORG
AT	T-0
CLEVELAND	O

MILWAUKEE	T-0
AT	T-1
CLEVELAND	B-LOC

CALIFORNIA	B-ORG
AT	T-0
BALTIMORE	O

CALIFORNIA	T-0
AT	O
BALTIMORE	B-LOC

OAKLAND	B-ORG
AT	T-0
NEW	T-1
YORK	T-1

OAKLAND	T-0
AT	O
NEW	B-LOC
YORK	I-LOC

TORONTO	T-0
AT	T-1
CHICAGO	B-LOC

DETROIT	B-ORG
AT	O
KANSAS	T-0
CITY	O

DETROIT	O
AT	T-0
KANSAS	B-LOC
CITY	I-LOC

TEXAS	B-ORG
AT	T-0
MINNESOTA	O

TEXAS	T-0
AT	T-0
MINNESOTA	B-LOC

MONTREAL	B-ORG
68	T-0
58	T-0
.540	T-0
11	T-0

FLORIDA	B-ORG
58	T-0
69	O
.457	O
21	O
1/2	T-1

LOS	B-ORG
ANGELES	I-ORG
67	T-0
60	O
.528	O
2	O

COLORADO	B-ORG
66	T-0
62	T-0
.516	T-0
3	T-0
1/2	T-0

CINCINNATI	B-ORG
AT	T-0
FLORIDA	T-1
(	O
doubleheader	O
)	O

CINCINNATI	T-0
AT	O
FLORIDA	B-LOC
(	O
doubleheader	T-1
)	O

CHICAGO	B-ORG
AT	T-0
ATLANTA	O

CHICAGO	T-0
AT	O
ATLANTA	B-LOC

ST	B-ORG
LOUIS	I-ORG
AT	T-0
HOUSTON	T-1

ST	T-0
LOUIS	T-0
AT	T-1
HOUSTON	B-LOC

PITTSBURGH	T-0
AT	O
COLORADO	B-LOC

NEW	B-ORG
YORK	I-ORG
AT	T-0
LOS	T-1
ANGELES	T-1

NEW	T-0
YORK	T-0
AT	T-1
LOS	B-LOC
ANGELES	I-LOC

PHILADELPHIA	B-ORG
AT	T-1
SAN	O
DIEGO	O

PHILADELPHIA	T-0
AT	T-1
SAN	B-LOC
DIEGO	I-LOC

MONTREAL	B-ORG
AT	O
SAN	O
FRANCISCO	T-0

BASEBALL	O
-	O
MAJOR	B-MISC
LEAGUE	I-MISC
RESULTS	T-0
THURSDAY	O
.	O

Results	T-0
of	O
Major	B-MISC
League	I-MISC

BOSTON	B-ORG
2	O
Oakland	T-0
1	O

BOSTON	T-0
2	O
Oakland	B-ORG
1	O

Seattle	B-ORG
10	T-0
BALTIMORE	T-1
3	O

Seattle	T-0
10	O
BALTIMORE	B-ORG
3	O

Toronto	B-ORG
1	O
CHICAGO	T-0
0	O
(	O
in	O
6	O
1/2	O
)	O

Toronto	T-0
1	O
CHICAGO	B-ORG
0	O
(	O
in	O
6	O
1/2	O
)	O

Detroit	B-ORG
10	T-1
KANSAS	T-2
CITY	T-2
3	T-0

Detroit	T-0
10	O
KANSAS	B-ORG
CITY	I-ORG
3	T-1

Texas	B-ORG
11	O
MINNESOTA	T-0
2	O

Texas	O
11	O
MINNESOTA	B-ORG
2	T-0

COLORADO	B-ORG
10	O
St	T-0
Louis	T-0
5	O

COLORADO	T-0
10	O
St	B-ORG
Louis	I-ORG
5	O

Cincinnati	B-ORG
3	T-1
ATLANTA	T-0
2	O
(	O
in	O
13	O
)	O

Cincinnati	T-0
3	O
ATLANTA	B-ORG
2	O
(	O
in	O
13	O
)	O

Pittsburgh	B-ORG
8	T-0
HOUSTON	O
6	T-1

LOS	B-ORG
ANGELES	I-ORG
8	O
Philadelphia	T-0
5	O

LOS	O
ANGELES	O
8	O
Philadelphia	B-ORG
5	T-0

Montreal	B-ORG
5	T-0
SAN	T-0
FRANCISCO	T-0
4	T-0

Montreal	T-0
5	O
SAN	B-ORG
FRANCISCO	I-ORG
4	O

BASEBALL	O
-	O
SORRENTO	B-PER
HITS	O
SLAM	O
AS	O
SEATTLE	T-0
ROUTS	O
ORIOLES	T-1
.	O

BASEBALL	T-0
-	O
SORRENTO	T-3
HITS	O
SLAM	T-1
AS	O
SEATTLE	B-ORG
ROUTS	T-2
ORIOLES	O
.	O

BASEBALL	O
-	O
SORRENTO	O
HITS	T-0
SLAM	T-1
AS	O
SEATTLE	O
ROUTS	T-2
ORIOLES	B-ORG
.	O

Former	O
Oriole	B-MISC
Jamie	T-1
Moyer	T-1
allowed	T-0
two	O
hits	O
over	O
eight	O
scoreless	O
innings	O
before	O
tiring	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
Paul	O
Sorrento	O
added	O
his	O
third	O
grand	O
slam	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Seattle	O
Mariners	O
routed	O
Baltimore	O
10-3	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Former	O
Oriole	O
Jamie	B-PER
Moyer	I-PER
allowed	O
two	O
hits	O
over	O
eight	O
scoreless	T-0
innings	O
before	O
tiring	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
Paul	O
Sorrento	O
added	O
his	O
third	O
grand	O
slam	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Seattle	O
Mariners	O
routed	O
Baltimore	O
10-3	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Former	O
Oriole	O
Jamie	O
Moyer	O
allowed	T-1
two	O
hits	O
over	O
eight	O
scoreless	O
innings	O
before	O
tiring	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	T-0
and	O
Paul	B-PER
Sorrento	I-PER
added	T-2
his	T-2
third	T-2
grand	T-2
slam	T-2
of	O
the	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Seattle	O
Mariners	O
routed	O
Baltimore	O
10-3	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Former	T-3
Oriole	O
Jamie	T-0
Moyer	T-0
allowed	T-4
two	O
hits	O
over	O
eight	T-1
scoreless	T-1
innings	T-1
before	O
tiring	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
Paul	O
Sorrento	O
added	O
his	O
third	T-2
grand	T-2
slam	T-2
of	O
the	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Seattle	B-ORG
Mariners	I-ORG
routed	O
Baltimore	O
10-3	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Former	O
Oriole	O
Jamie	O
Moyer	O
allowed	O
two	O
hits	O
over	O
eight	O
scoreless	O
innings	O
before	O
tiring	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
Paul	O
Sorrento	O
added	O
his	O
third	O
grand	O
slam	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Seattle	T-1
Mariners	T-1
routed	T-0
Baltimore	B-ORG
10-3	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Moyer	B-PER
(	O
10-2	O
)	O
,	O
who	T-0
was	O
tagged	O
for	O
a	O
pair	O
of	O
homers	O
by	O
Mike	O
Devereaux	O
and	O
Brady	O
Anderson	O
and	O
three	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
,	O
walked	T-1
none	O
and	O
struck	O
out	O
two	O
.	O

Moyer	T-1
(	O
10-2	O
)	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
tagged	T-2
for	O
a	O
pair	O
of	O
homers	T-0
by	O
Mike	B-PER
Devereaux	I-PER
and	O
Brady	O
Anderson	O
and	O
three	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
,	O
walked	T-3
none	O
and	O
struck	O
out	O
two	O
.	O

Moyer	O
(	O
10-2	O
)	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
tagged	O
for	O
a	O
pair	O
of	O
homers	O
by	O
Mike	T-1
Devereaux	T-1
and	T-1
Brady	B-PER
Anderson	I-PER
and	O
three	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
ninth	O
,	O
walked	T-0
none	O
and	O
struck	O
out	O
two	O
.	O

Norm	B-PER
Charlton	I-PER
retired	T-0
the	O
final	O
three	O
batters	T-1
to	O
seal	O
the	O
victory	O
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
Ken	B-PER
Griffey	I-PER
Jr	I-PER
and	T-0
Edgar	O
Martinez	O
stroked	T-1
back-to-back	T-1
singles	T-1
off	T-1
Orioles	O
starter	O
Rocky	O
Coppinger	O
(	O
7-5	O
)	O
and	O
Jay	O
Buhner	O
walked	O
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
Ken	T-1
Griffey	T-1
Jr	T-2
and	O
Edgar	B-PER
Martinez	I-PER
stroked	T-0
back-to-back	T-0
singles	T-0
off	O
Orioles	O
starter	O
Rocky	O
Coppinger	O
(	O
7-5	O
)	O
and	O
Jay	T-3
Buhner	T-3
walked	O
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
Ken	O
Griffey	O
Jr	O
and	O
Edgar	O
Martinez	O
stroked	O
back-to-back	O
singles	O
off	O
Orioles	B-ORG
starter	T-0
Rocky	O
Coppinger	O
(	O
7-5	O
)	O
and	O
Jay	O
Buhner	O
walked	T-1
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
Ken	T-2
Griffey	T-2
Jr	T-2
and	O
Edgar	T-3
Martinez	T-3
stroked	O
back-to-back	O
singles	O
off	O
Orioles	O
starter	T-1
Rocky	B-PER
Coppinger	I-PER
(	O
7-5	O
)	O
and	T-0
Jay	O
Buhner	O
walked	O
.	O

With	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
Ken	O
Griffey	O
Jr	O
and	O
Edgar	O
Martinez	O
stroked	O
back-to-back	O
singles	O
off	O
Orioles	T-0
starter	O
Rocky	T-2
Coppinger	T-2
(	O
7-5	O
)	O
and	O
Jay	B-PER
Buhner	I-PER
walked	T-1
.	O

Sorrento	B-PER
followed	O
by	O
hitting	T-1
a	O
1-2	O
pitch	T-2
just	O
over	O
the	O
right-field	O
wall	O
for	O
a	O
7-0	O
advantage	T-0
.	O

Right	T-1
fielder	T-1
Bobby	B-PER
Bonilla	I-PER
was	O
after	O
the	O
ball	T-0
,	O
which	O
was	O
touched	O
by	O
fans	O
at	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
scoreboard	O
in	O
right	O
.	O

"	O
Things	O
fell	O
in	O
for	O
us	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-2
Sorrento	B-PER
,	O
who	O
has	O
six	O
career	O
grand	T-0
slams	T-1
and	O
hit	O
the	O
ninth	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
for	O
the	O
Mariners	O
.	O

"	O
Things	O
fell	O
in	O
for	O
us	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-2
Sorrento	T-2
,	O
who	O
has	O
six	T-3
career	T-3
grand	T-4
slams	T-4
and	O
hit	O
the	O
ninth	O
of	O
the	O
season	T-0
for	O
the	O
Mariners	B-ORG
.	O

In	O
the	O
American	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
wild-card	T-0
race	T-0
,	T-0
the	O
Mariners	T-2
are	O
three	O
games	O
behind	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
,	O
two	O
behind	O
Baltimore	T-1
and	O
two	O
ahead	O
of	O
the	O
Red	O
Sox	O
heading	O
into	O
Boston	O
for	O
a	O
weekend	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
American	T-1
League	T-1
wild-card	O
race	O
,	O
the	T-0
Mariners	B-ORG
are	O
three	O
games	O
behind	O
the	O
White	T-2
Sox	T-2
,	O
two	O
behind	O
Baltimore	O
and	O
two	O
ahead	O
of	O
the	O
Red	T-3
Sox	T-3
heading	O
into	O
Boston	O
for	O
a	O
weekend	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
American	O
League	O
wild-card	O
race	O
,	O
the	O
Mariners	O
are	O
three	O
games	O
behind	O
the	O
White	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
,	O
two	O
behind	O
Baltimore	O
and	O
two	O
ahead	T-0
of	O
the	O
Red	O
Sox	O
heading	T-1
into	O
Boston	O
for	O
a	O
weekend	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
American	O
League	O
wild-card	O
race	O
,	O
the	O
Mariners	O
are	O
three	T-2
games	T-2
behind	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
,	O
two	O
behind	T-3
Baltimore	B-ORG
and	O
two	T-0
ahead	T-1
of	O
the	O
Red	O
Sox	O
heading	O
into	O
Boston	O
for	O
a	O
weekend	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
American	O
League	O
wild-card	O
race	O
,	O
the	O
Mariners	T-1
are	O
three	O
games	O
behind	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
,	O
two	O
behind	O
Baltimore	O
and	O
two	O
ahead	O
of	O
the	T-0
Red	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
heading	T-2
into	O
Boston	O
for	O
a	O
weekend	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
American	O
League	O
wild-card	O
race	O
,	O
the	O
Mariners	O
are	O
three	O
games	O
behind	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
,	O
two	O
behind	O
Baltimore	O
and	O
two	O
ahead	O
of	O
the	O
Red	O
Sox	O
heading	T-0
into	O
Boston	B-LOC
for	T-1
a	T-1
weekend	T-1
series	T-1
.	O

Moyer	B-PER
retired	T-0
11	O
straight	O
batters	O
between	O
the	O
third	O
and	O
seventh	O
innings	O
and	O
threw	O
two	O
or	O
fewer	O
pitches	O
to	O
11	O
of	O
the	O
29	O
batters	O
he	O
faced	O
.	O

We	T-0
won	T-1
the	O
game	T-2
,	O
"	O
said	O
Moyer	B-PER
.	O

Coppinger	B-PER
(	O
7-5	O
)	O
was	T-0
tagged	T-0
for	O
eight	O
runs	O
and	O
10	O
hits	O
in	O
4	O
1/3	O
innings	O
.	O

Orioles	B-ORG
manager	T-1
Davey	O
Johnson	O
missed	O
the	O
game	T-0
after	O
being	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	O
with	O
an	O
irregular	O
heartbeat	O
.	O

Orioles	T-0
manager	T-0
Davey	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
missed	T-1
the	O
game	O
after	O
being	O
admitted	O
to	O
a	O
hospital	O
with	O
an	O
irregular	O
heartbeat	O
.	O

Bench	O
coach	T-0
Andy	B-PER
Etchebarren	I-PER
took	O
his	O
place	O
.	O

In	O
Boston	B-LOC
,	O
Troy	T-0
O'Leary	T-0
homered	O
off	O
the	O
right-field	O
foul	O
pole	O
with	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
the	O
Red	T-1
Sox	T-1
climbed	O
to	O
the	O
.500	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
this	O
season	O
with	O
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
victory	O
,	O
2-1	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	T-2
Athletics	T-2
.	O

In	O
Boston	T-3
,	O
Troy	B-PER
O'Leary	I-PER
homered	T-2
off	O
the	O
right-field	O
foul	O
pole	O
with	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
the	O
Red	O
Sox	O
climbed	T-0
to	O
the	O
.500	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
this	O
season	O
with	O
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
victory	T-1
,	O
2-1	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	O
Athletics	O
.	O

In	O
Boston	O
,	O
Troy	T-2
O'Leary	T-3
homered	T-0
off	O
the	O
right-field	O
foul	O
pole	O
with	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
the	O
Red	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
climbed	O
to	O
the	O
.500	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
this	O
season	O
with	O
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
victory	T-1
,	O
2-1	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	O
Athletics	O
.	O

In	O
Boston	T-0
,	O
Troy	T-1
O'Leary	T-1
homered	T-3
off	O
the	O
right-field	O
foul	O
pole	O
with	O
one	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
ninth	O
and	O
the	O
Red	O
Sox	O
climbed	O
to	O
the	O
.500	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
this	O
season	O
with	O
their	O
fourth	O
straight	O
victory	T-2
,	O
2-1	O
over	O
the	O
Oakland	B-ORG
Athletics	I-ORG
.	O

Boston	B-ORG
has	O
won	O
15	O
of	O
its	O
last	O
19	O
games	T-0
.	O

Boston	B-ORG
's	O
Roger	T-0
Clemens	T-0
(	O
7-11	O
)	O
was	O
one	O
out	O
away	O
from	O
his	O
second	O
straight	T-2
shutout	T-2
when	O
pinch-hitter	O
Matt	O
Stairs	O
tripled	O
over	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
centre	O
fielder	O
Lee	O
Tinsley	O
on	O
an	O
0-2	O
pitch	O
and	O
pinch-hitter	O
Terry	O
Steinbach	O
dunked	T-1
a	O
broken-bat	O
single	O
into	O
right	O
to	O
lift	O
Oakland	O
into	O
a	O
1-1	O
tie	O
.	O

Boston	T-2
's	O
Roger	B-PER
Clemens	I-PER
(	T-3
7-11	T-3
)	T-3
was	T-0
one	T-0
out	O
away	O
from	O
his	O
second	O
straight	O
shutout	O
when	O
pinch-hitter	O
Matt	T-1
Stairs	T-1
tripled	O
over	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
centre	O
fielder	O
Lee	O
Tinsley	O
on	O
an	O
0-2	O
pitch	O
and	O
pinch-hitter	O
Terry	O
Steinbach	O
dunked	O
a	O
broken-bat	O
single	O
into	O
right	O
to	O
lift	O
Oakland	O
into	O
a	O
1-1	O
tie	O
.	O

Boston	T-1
's	O
Roger	O
Clemens	O
(	O
7-11	O
)	O
was	O
one	O
out	O
away	O
from	O
his	O
second	O
straight	O
shutout	O
when	O
pinch-hitter	T-0
Matt	B-PER
Stairs	I-PER
tripled	O
over	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
centre	O
fielder	O
Lee	O
Tinsley	O
on	O
an	O
0-2	O
pitch	O
and	O
pinch-hitter	O
Terry	O
Steinbach	O
dunked	O
a	O
broken-bat	O
single	O
into	O
right	O
to	O
lift	O
Oakland	O
into	O
a	O
1-1	O
tie	O
.	O

Boston	O
's	O
Roger	O
Clemens	O
(	O
7-11	O
)	O
was	O
one	O
out	O
away	O
from	O
his	O
second	O
straight	T-2
shutout	T-0
when	O
pinch-hitter	O
Matt	T-3
Stairs	T-3
tripled	O
over	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
centre	O
fielder	T-1
Lee	B-PER
Tinsley	I-PER
on	O
an	O
0-2	O
pitch	O
and	O
pinch-hitter	O
Terry	O
Steinbach	O
dunked	O
a	O
broken-bat	O
single	O
into	O
right	O
to	O
lift	O
Oakland	O
into	O
a	O
1-1	O
tie	O
.	O

Boston	T-1
's	T-1
Roger	T-1
Clemens	T-1
(	O
7-11	O
)	O
was	O
one	O
out	O
away	O
from	O
his	O
second	O
straight	O
shutout	O
when	O
pinch-hitter	O
Matt	O
Stairs	O
tripled	T-2
over	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
centre	O
fielder	O
Lee	O
Tinsley	O
on	O
an	O
0-2	O
pitch	O
and	O
pinch-hitter	T-0
Terry	B-PER
Steinbach	I-PER
dunked	O
a	O
broken-bat	O
single	O
into	O
right	O
to	O
lift	O
Oakland	O
into	O
a	O
1-1	O
tie	O
.	O

Boston	O
's	O
Roger	O
Clemens	O
(	O
7-11	O
)	O
was	O
one	O
out	O
away	O
from	O
his	O
second	O
straight	O
shutout	O
when	O
pinch-hitter	O
Matt	O
Stairs	O
tripled	O
over	O
the	O
head	O
of	O
centre	O
fielder	O
Lee	O
Tinsley	O
on	O
an	O
0-2	O
pitch	O
and	O
pinch-hitter	O
Terry	O
Steinbach	O
dunked	O
a	O
broken-bat	O
single	O
into	O
right	T-0
to	O
lift	T-1
Oakland	B-ORG
into	T-2
a	O
1-1	O
tie	O
.	O

The	T-3
run	T-3
broke	T-3
Clemens	B-PER
'	O
28-inning	T-0
shutout	T-1
streak	T-2
,	O
longest	T-4
in	T-4
the	T-4
majors	T-4
this	T-4
season	T-4
.	O

Reliever	T-1
Mark	B-PER
Acre	I-PER
(	O
0-1	O
)	O
took	O
the	O
loss	T-0
.	O

In	T-0
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
,	O
Garret	O
Anderson	O
and	O
Gary	O
DiSarcina	O
drove	O
in	O
two	O
runs	O
apiece	O
in	O
a	O
five-run	O
first	O
inning	O
and	O
Jim	O
Edmonds	O
highlighted	O
a	O
six-run	O
sixth	O
with	O
a	O
bases-loaded	O
double	O
as	O
the	O
California	T-1
Angels	O
coasted	O
to	O
a	O
12-3	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Yankees	O
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
their	O
three-game	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
New	T-1
York	T-1
,	O
Garret	B-PER
Anderson	I-PER
and	O
Gary	O
DiSarcina	O
drove	T-0
in	O
two	O
runs	T-2
apiece	O
in	O
a	O
five-run	O
first	O
inning	O
and	O
Jim	O
Edmonds	O
highlighted	O
a	O
six-run	O
sixth	O
with	O
a	O
bases-loaded	O
double	O
as	O
the	O
California	O
Angels	O
coasted	O
to	O
a	O
12-3	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Yankees	O
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
their	O
three-game	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
Garret	T-0
Anderson	T-0
and	O
Gary	B-PER
DiSarcina	I-PER
drove	O
in	O
two	O
runs	O
apiece	O
in	O
a	O
five-run	O
first	O
inning	O
and	O
Jim	O
Edmonds	O
highlighted	O
a	O
six-run	O
sixth	O
with	O
a	O
bases-loaded	O
double	O
as	O
the	O
California	O
Angels	O
coasted	O
to	O
a	O
12-3	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Yankees	O
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
their	O
three-game	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
Garret	O
Anderson	O
and	O
Gary	T-3
DiSarcina	T-3
drove	O
in	O
two	O
runs	O
apiece	O
in	O
a	O
five-run	O
first	O
inning	O
and	O
Jim	B-PER
Edmonds	I-PER
highlighted	T-1
a	T-1
six-run	T-1
sixth	T-1
with	O
a	O
bases-loaded	O
double	O
as	O
the	O
California	T-2
Angels	T-4
coasted	T-4
to	O
a	O
12-3	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Yankees	O
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
their	O
three-game	O
series	T-0
.	O

In	O
New	T-0
York	T-0
,	O
Garret	T-1
Anderson	T-1
and	O
Gary	T-2
DiSarcina	T-5
drove	O
in	O
two	O
runs	O
apiece	O
in	O
a	O
five-run	O
first	O
inning	O
and	O
Jim	O
Edmonds	O
highlighted	O
a	O
six-run	O
sixth	O
with	O
a	O
bases-loaded	O
double	O
as	O
the	T-3
California	B-ORG
Angels	I-ORG
coasted	T-4
to	O
a	O
12-3	O
victory	O
over	O
the	O
Yankees	O
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
their	O
three-game	O
series	O
.	O

In	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
Garret	T-0
Anderson	T-0
and	O
Gary	T-1
DiSarcina	T-1
drove	O
in	O
two	O
runs	O
apiece	O
in	O
a	O
five-run	O
first	O
inning	O
and	O
Jim	T-2
Edmonds	T-2
highlighted	T-5
a	O
six-run	O
sixth	O
with	O
a	O
bases-loaded	O
double	O
as	O
the	O
California	T-3
Angels	T-3
coasted	O
to	O
a	O
12-3	O
victory	O
over	T-4
the	T-4
Yankees	B-ORG
in	O
the	O
rubber	O
game	O
of	O
their	O
three-game	O
series	O
.	O

The	O
Angels	B-ORG
battered	T-1
Kenny	T-0
Rogers	T-0
(	T-0
10-7	O
)	O
for	O
five	T-2
runs	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
.	O

The	O
Angels	O
battered	T-0
Kenny	B-PER
Rogers	I-PER
(	O
10-7	O
)	O
for	O
five	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
.	O

The	O
Yankees	B-ORG
have	O
allowed	T-2
at	O
least	O
two	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
inning	O
in	O
six	O
straight	O
games	O
,	O
getting	O
outscored	T-0
21-1	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
inning	O
in	O
that	O
span	T-1
.	O

Chuck	B-PER
Finley	I-PER
(	O
12-12	O
)	O
snapped	T-0
a	O
four-game	O
losing	O
streak	O
.	O

In	T-2
Kansas	B-LOC
City	I-LOC
,	O
Travis	O
Fryman	O
doubled	O
in	O
the	O
go-ahead	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
and	O
Melvin	O
Nieves	O
and	O
Damion	O
Easley	O
belted	O
two-run	O
homers	O
as	O
the	O
Detroit	O
Tigers	O
claimed	T-0
a	O
10-3	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
Royals	O
,	O
handing	O
them	O
their	O
fifth	O
straight	O
loss	T-1
.	O

In	O
Kansas	T-0
City	T-0
,	O
Travis	B-PER
Fryman	I-PER
doubled	T-3
in	O
the	O
go-ahead	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
and	O
Melvin	O
Nieves	O
and	O
Damion	O
Easley	O
belted	T-1
two-run	O
homers	O
as	O
the	O
Detroit	O
Tigers	O
claimed	O
a	O
10-3	O
win	T-2
over	O
the	O
Royals	O
,	O
handing	O
them	O
their	O
fifth	O
straight	O
loss	O
.	O

In	O
Kansas	O
City	O
,	O
Travis	O
Fryman	O
doubled	T-0
in	O
the	O
go-ahead	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
and	O
Melvin	B-PER
Nieves	I-PER
and	O
Damion	O
Easley	O
belted	O
two-run	O
homers	O
as	O
the	O
Detroit	O
Tigers	O
claimed	T-1
a	O
10-3	O
win	T-2
over	O
the	O
Royals	T-4
,	O
handing	T-5
them	O
their	O
fifth	O
straight	O
loss	T-3
.	O

In	O
Kansas	T-1
City	T-1
,	O
Travis	T-2
Fryman	T-2
doubled	O
in	O
the	O
go-ahead	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
and	O
Melvin	T-3
Nieves	T-3
and	O
Damion	B-PER
Easley	I-PER
belted	T-0
two-run	O
homers	O
as	O
the	O
Detroit	O
Tigers	O
claimed	O
a	O
10-3	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
Royals	O
,	O
handing	O
them	O
their	O
fifth	O
straight	O
loss	O
.	O

In	O
Kansas	O
City	O
,	O
Travis	O
Fryman	O
doubled	O
in	O
the	O
go-ahead	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
and	O
Melvin	O
Nieves	O
and	O
Damion	O
Easley	O
belted	O
two-run	O
homers	O
as	O
the	O
Detroit	B-ORG
Tigers	I-ORG
claimed	T-0
a	O
10-3	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
Royals	T-1
,	O
handing	O
them	O
their	O
fifth	O
straight	O
loss	O
.	O

In	O
Kansas	O
City	O
,	O
Travis	O
Fryman	O
doubled	O
in	O
the	O
go-ahead	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
fifth	O
and	O
Melvin	O
Nieves	O
and	O
Damion	O
Easley	O
belted	O
two-run	O
homers	O
as	O
the	O
Detroit	O
Tigers	O
claimed	O
a	O
10-3	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
Royals	B-ORG
,	O
handing	T-0
them	O
their	O
fifth	O
straight	O
loss	O
.	O

The	O
Tigers	B-ORG
won	T-2
their	O
third	O
straight	O
and	O
halted	O
a	O
seven-game	O
road	O
losing	T-0
streak	O
behind	O
Justin	T-1
Thompson	T-1
(	O
1-2	O
)	O
,	O
who	O
earned	O
his	O
first	O
major-league	O
win	O
.	O

The	O
Tigers	T-1
won	O
their	O
third	O
straight	O
and	O
halted	O
a	O
seven-game	O
road	O
losing	O
streak	O
behind	T-2
Justin	B-PER
Thompson	I-PER
(	O
1-2	O
)	O
,	O
who	T-0
earned	T-0
his	T-0
first	T-0
major-league	T-0
win	T-0
.	O

Tim	B-PER
Belcher	I-PER
(	O
12-8	O
)	O
was	O
tagged	T-0
for	O
six	O
runs	O
and	O
nine	O
hits	O
in	O
eight	O
innings	O
.	O

At	T-2
Minnesota	B-LOC
,	O
Ken	O
Hill	O
allowed	T-1
two	T-1
runs	T-1
en	O
route	O
to	O
his	O
sixth	O
complete	O
game	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
Rusty	O
Greer	O
added	O
three	O
hits	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
homer	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
RBI	O
as	O
the	O
red-hot	O
Texas	T-0
Rangers	T-0
routed	O
the	T-3
Twins	T-3
11-2	O
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	O
,	O
Ken	B-PER
Hill	I-PER
allowed	O
two	O
runs	O
en	O
route	O
to	O
his	O
sixth	O
complete	O
game	T-0
of	O
the	O
season	T-1
and	O
Rusty	O
Greer	O
added	T-2
three	O
hits	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
homer	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
RBI	O
as	O
the	O
red-hot	O
Texas	O
Rangers	O
routed	O
the	O
Twins	O
11-2	O
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	T-4
,	O
Ken	T-5
Hill	T-5
allowed	O
two	O
runs	O
en	O
route	O
to	O
his	O
sixth	O
complete	O
game	T-0
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
Rusty	B-PER
Greer	I-PER
added	O
three	T-1
hits	T-1
,	O
including	O
a	O
homer	T-3
,	O
and	O
two	T-2
RBI	O
as	O
the	O
red-hot	O
Texas	T-6
Rangers	T-6
routed	O
the	O
Twins	O
11-2	O
.	T-2

At	O
Minnesota	T-1
,	O
Ken	T-2
Hill	T-2
allowed	O
two	O
runs	O
en	O
route	O
to	O
his	O
sixth	O
complete	O
game	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
Rusty	O
Greer	O
added	O
three	O
hits	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
homer	O
,	O
and	T-0
two	T-0
RBI	B-MISC
as	O
the	O
red-hot	O
Texas	O
Rangers	O
routed	O
the	O
Twins	O
11-2	O
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	O
,	O
Ken	O
Hill	O
allowed	O
two	O
runs	O
en	O
route	O
to	O
his	O
sixth	O
complete	O
game	O
of	O
the	O
season	T-2
and	O
Rusty	O
Greer	O
added	T-0
three	O
hits	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
homer	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
RBI	O
as	O
the	O
red-hot	O
Texas	B-ORG
Rangers	I-ORG
routed	T-1
the	O
Twins	O
11-2	O
.	O

At	O
Minnesota	O
,	O
Ken	O
Hill	O
allowed	O
two	O
runs	O
en	O
route	O
to	O
his	O
sixth	O
complete	O
game	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
Rusty	O
Greer	O
added	O
three	O
hits	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
homer	O
,	O
and	O
two	O
RBI	O
as	O
the	O
red-hot	O
Texas	O
Rangers	O
routed	T-0
the	T-0
Twins	B-ORG
11-2	O
.	O

The	O
Rangers	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
won	T-0
for	O
the	O
11th	O
time	O
in	O
their	O
last	O
13	O
games	O
,	O
have	O
scored	T-1
45	O
runs	O
in	O
their	O
last	O
five	O
contests	O
.	O

Hill	B-PER
(	O
14-7	O
)	O
allowed	T-0
10	T-0
hits	T-0
.	O

In	T-0
Chicago	B-LOC
,	O
Erik	O
Hanson	O
outdueled	T-1
Alex	O
Fernandez	O
,	O
and	O
Jacob	O
Brumfield	O
drove	O
in	O
Otis	O
Nixon	O
with	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
sixth	O
inning	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	O
Blue	O
Jays	O
blanked	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
1-0	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
shortened	O
to	O
six	O
innings	O
due	O
to	O
rain	O
.	O

In	O
Chicago	T-1
,	O
Erik	B-PER
Hanson	I-PER
outdueled	T-0
Alex	T-2
Fernandez	T-2
,	O
and	O
Jacob	T-3
Brumfield	T-3
drove	O
in	O
Otis	O
Nixon	T-4
with	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
sixth	O
inning	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	T-6
Blue	T-6
Jays	T-6
blanked	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
1-0	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
shortened	O
to	O
six	O
innings	T-5
due	O
to	O
rain	O
.	O

In	O
Chicago	O
,	O
Erik	T-1
Hanson	T-1
outdueled	T-0
Alex	B-PER
Fernandez	I-PER
,	O
and	O
Jacob	O
Brumfield	O
drove	O
in	O
Otis	T-2
Nixon	T-3
with	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
sixth	O
inning	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	O
Blue	O
Jays	O
blanked	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
1-0	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
shortened	O
to	O
six	O
innings	O
due	O
to	O
rain	O
.	O

In	O
Chicago	O
,	O
Erik	O
Hanson	O
outdueled	O
Alex	O
Fernandez	O
,	O
and	O
Jacob	B-PER
Brumfield	I-PER
drove	T-0
in	O
Otis	O
Nixon	O
with	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
sixth	O
inning	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	O
Blue	O
Jays	O
blanked	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
1-0	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
shortened	O
to	O
six	O
innings	O
due	O
to	O
rain	O
.	O

In	O
Chicago	T-1
,	O
Erik	T-4
Hanson	T-4
outdueled	T-5
Alex	T-2
Fernandez	T-2
,	O
and	O
Jacob	T-3
Brumfield	T-3
drove	O
in	T-0
Otis	B-PER
Nixon	I-PER
with	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
sixth	O
inning	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	O
Blue	O
Jays	O
blanked	O
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
1-0	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
shortened	O
to	O
six	O
innings	O
due	O
to	O
rain	O
.	O

In	O
Chicago	T-1
,	O
Erik	T-2
Hanson	T-2
outdueled	O
Alex	T-3
Fernandez	T-3
,	O
and	O
Jacob	O
Brumfield	O
drove	O
in	O
Otis	O
Nixon	O
with	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
sixth	O
inning	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	B-ORG
Blue	I-ORG
Jays	I-ORG
blanked	T-0
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
1-0	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
shortened	O
to	O
six	O
innings	O
due	O
to	O
rain	O
.	O

In	O
Chicago	O
,	O
Erik	T-0
Hanson	T-0
outdueled	O
Alex	T-1
Fernandez	T-1
,	O
and	O
Jacob	T-2
Brumfield	T-2
drove	O
in	O
Otis	O
Nixon	O
with	O
the	O
game	O
's	O
only	O
run	O
in	O
the	O
sixth	O
inning	O
as	O
the	O
Toronto	O
Blue	O
Jays	O
blanked	T-3
the	O
White	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
1-0	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
shortened	O
to	O
six	O
innings	O
due	O
to	O
rain	O
.	O

Toronto	B-ORG
won	O
its	O
fifth	O
straight	O
and	O
handed	T-0
the	O
White	O
Sox	O
their	O
seventh	O
loss	O
in	O
nine	O
games	O
.	O

Toronto	T-0
won	T-0
its	T-0
fifth	T-0
straight	T-0
and	T-0
handed	T-0
the	T-0
White	B-ORG
Sox	I-ORG
their	T-1
seventh	T-1
loss	T-1
in	T-1
nine	T-1
games	T-1
.	T-2

Hanson	B-PER
(	O
11-15	O
)	O
allowed	O
three	O
hits	O
,	O
walked	T-0
three	O
and	O
struck	O
out	O
four	O
to	O
snap	O
a	O
personal	O
three-game	O
losing	O
streak	O
.	O

Fernandez	B-PER
(	O
12-8	T-1
)	O
scattered	O
six	O
hits	T-0
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
SPORTING	B-ORG
START	T-0
NEW	O
SEASON	T-2
WITH	O
A	O
WIN	T-1
.	O

Sporting	B-ORG
's	O
Luis	O
Miguel	O
Predrosa	O
scored	O
the	O
first	O
goal	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
league	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Lisbon	O
side	O
cruised	O
to	O
a	O
3-1	O
away	O
win	O
over	O
SC	T-0
Espinho	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Sporting	T-0
's	T-0
Luis	B-PER
Miguel	I-PER
Predrosa	I-PER
scored	O
the	O
first	O
goal	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
league	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Lisbon	O
side	O
cruised	O
to	O
a	O
3-1	O
away	O
win	O
over	O
SC	O
Espinho	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Sporting	O
's	O
Luis	O
Miguel	O
Predrosa	O
scored	O
the	O
first	O
goal	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
league	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Lisbon	B-LOC
side	T-0
cruised	O
to	O
a	O
3-1	O
away	O
win	O
over	O
SC	O
Espinho	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Sporting	O
's	O
Luis	O
Miguel	T-2
Predrosa	T-2
scored	O
the	O
first	O
goal	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
league	O
season	O
as	O
the	O
Lisbon	O
side	O
cruised	O
to	O
a	O
3-1	O
away	O
win	T-0
over	T-0
SC	B-ORG
Espinho	I-ORG
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Predrosa	B-PER
drilled	T-1
a	O
right-foot	T-0
shot	O
into	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
the	O
net	O
after	O
24	O
minutes	O
to	O
set	O
Sporting	T-2
on	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
victory	O
.	O

Predrosa	T-1
drilled	O
a	O
right-foot	T-2
shot	T-2
into	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
the	O
net	O
after	O
24	O
minutes	O
to	T-0
set	T-0
Sporting	B-ORG
on	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
victory	T-3
.	O

Although	T-2
Espinho	B-ORG
's	O
Nail	O
Besirovic	T-0
put	O
the	O
home	T-3
side	T-1
back	O
on	O
terms	O
in	O
the	O
35th	O
minute	O
,	O
Sporting	O
quickly	O
restored	O
their	O
lead	O
.	O

Although	O
Espinho	O
's	O
Nail	B-PER
Besirovic	I-PER
put	O
the	O
home	O
side	O
back	O
on	O
terms	O
in	O
the	O
35th	T-0
minute	O
,	O
Sporting	O
quickly	O
restored	O
their	O
lead	O
.	O

Although	O
Espinho	T-2
's	O
Nail	T-3
Besirovic	T-3
put	O
the	O
home	O
side	O
back	O
on	O
terms	O
in	O
the	O
35th	O
minute	O
,	O
Sporting	B-ORG
quickly	T-0
restored	T-1
their	T-1
lead	T-1
.	O

Jose	B-PER
Luis	I-PER
Vidigal	I-PER
scored	T-1
in	O
the	O
38th	O
minute	O
and	O
Mustapha	T-0
Hadji	T-0
added	O
the	O
third	O
in	O
the	O
57th	O
.	O

Jose	T-1
Luis	T-1
Vidigal	T-1
scored	T-0
in	O
the	O
38th	O
minute	O
and	O
Mustapha	B-PER
Hadji	I-PER
added	T-2
the	T-2
third	T-2
in	T-2
the	T-2
57th	T-2
.	O

The	O
game	T-3
was	O
brought	O
forward	O
from	O
Sunday	O
when	O
reigning	O
champions	T-0
Porto	B-ORG
and	T-1
Lisbon	O
rivals	O
Benfica	O
play	T-2
their	O
first	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
.	O

The	O
game	O
was	O
brought	T-0
forward	O
from	O
Sunday	O
when	O
reigning	T-1
champions	T-1
Porto	O
and	T-2
Lisbon	B-ORG
rivals	T-3
Benfica	O
play	O
their	O
first	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
.	O

The	O
game	O
was	O
brought	O
forward	O
from	O
Sunday	O
when	O
reigning	O
champions	T-1
Porto	O
and	O
Lisbon	O
rivals	O
Benfica	B-ORG
play	T-0
their	O
first	O
games	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
.	O

SOCCER	T-1
-	O
PORTUGUESE	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	O
RESULT	T-0
.	O

Result	T-0
of	O
a	O
Portuguese	B-MISC
first	O

Espinho	T-0
1	O
Sporting	B-ORG
3	O

SOCCER	T-2
-	O
ST	B-ORG
PAULI	I-ORG
TAKE	T-0
POINT	O
WITH	O
LATE	O
FIGHTBACK	T-1
.	O

Hamburg	B-LOC
side	O
St	T-2
Pauli	T-2
,	O
tipped	O
as	O
prime	O
candidates	O
for	O
relegation	T-0
,	O
produced	O
a	O
stunning	O
second-half	O
fightback	O
to	O
draw	O
4-4	O
in	O
their	O
Bundesliga	T-1
clash	O
with	O
Schalke	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Hamburg	T-1
side	T-0
St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
,	O
tipped	O
as	O
prime	T-2
candidates	T-2
for	O
relegation	O
,	O
produced	O
a	O
stunning	O
second-half	O
fightback	O
to	O
draw	O
4-4	O
in	O
their	O
Bundesliga	O
clash	O
with	O
Schalke	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Hamburg	O
side	O
St	O
Pauli	O
,	O
tipped	O
as	O
prime	O
candidates	O
for	O
relegation	O
,	O
produced	T-3
a	O
stunning	O
second-half	T-1
fightback	T-1
to	O
draw	O
4-4	O
in	O
their	T-0
Bundesliga	B-MISC
clash	T-2
with	T-2
Schalke	T-2
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Hamburg	O
side	T-0
St	O
Pauli	O
,	O
tipped	O
as	O
prime	O
candidates	O
for	O
relegation	T-1
,	O
produced	T-3
a	O
stunning	O
second-half	O
fightback	O
to	O
draw	O
4-4	O
in	O
their	O
Bundesliga	O
clash	O
with	T-2
Schalke	B-ORG
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Schalke	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
finished	T-0
third	O
last	O
season	T-3
,	O
raced	T-1
to	O
a	O
3-1	O
lead	O
at	O
halftime	T-2
.	O

St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
pulled	T-1
a	O
goal	T-2
back	O
through	O
Andre	O
Trulsen	O
but	O
Schalke	O
striker	O
Martin	O
Max	O
restored	T-0
his	O
team	O
's	O
two-goal	O
cushion	O
shortly	O
afterwards	O
.	O

St	O
Pauli	O
pulled	O
a	O
goal	O
back	O
through	O
Andre	B-PER
Trulsen	I-PER
but	O
Schalke	O
striker	T-1
Martin	O
Max	O
restored	T-3
his	T-0
team	O
's	O
two-goal	O
cushion	O
shortly	O
afterwards	T-2
.	O

St	O
Pauli	O
pulled	T-1
a	O
goal	O
back	O
through	T-2
Andre	T-4
Trulsen	T-4
but	O
Schalke	B-ORG
striker	T-0
Martin	T-0
Max	T-0
restored	T-3
his	O
team	O
's	O
two-goal	O
cushion	O
shortly	O
afterwards	O
.	O

St	O
Pauli	O
pulled	T-2
a	O
goal	O
back	O
through	O
Andre	O
Trulsen	O
but	O
Schalke	O
striker	T-3
Martin	B-PER
Max	I-PER
restored	T-1
his	T-4
team	O
's	O
two-goal	O
cushion	O
shortly	O
afterwards	O
.	O

Christian	B-PER
Springer	I-PER
put	T-1
St	O
Pauli	O
back	O
in	O
touch	O
in	O
the	O
64th	O
minute	O
and	O
three	O
minutes	O
later	O
they	O
were	O
level	O
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
a	O
penalty	T-0
from	O
Thomas	O
Sabotzik	O
.	O

Christian	O
Springer	O
put	T-2
St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
back	O
in	O
touch	T-0
in	O
the	O
64th	O
minute	O
and	O
three	O
minutes	O
later	O
they	O
were	O
level	O
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
a	O
penalty	T-1
from	O
Thomas	O
Sabotzik	O
.	O

Christian	T-3
Springer	T-3
put	T-0
St	T-4
Pauli	T-4
back	O
in	O
touch	T-1
in	O
the	O
64th	O
minute	O
and	O
three	O
minutes	O
later	O
they	O
were	O
level	O
,	O
thanks	O
to	O
a	O
penalty	O
from	O
Thomas	B-PER
Sabotzik	I-PER
.	O

In	O
the	O
night	O
's	O
only	O
other	O
match	O
,	O
Hamburg	B-ORG
beat	T-0
Hansa	O
Rostock	O
1-0	O
,	O
Karsten	T-1
Baeron	T-1
scoring	O
the	O
winner	O
after	O
some	O
dazzling	O
build-up	O
from	O
in-form	O
midfielder	O
Harald	T-2
Spoerl	T-2
.	O

In	O
the	O
night	O
's	O
only	O
other	O
match	O
,	O
Hamburg	T-1
beat	T-3
Hansa	B-ORG
Rostock	I-ORG
1-0	O
,	O
Karsten	O
Baeron	O
scoring	O
the	O
winner	T-0
after	O
some	O
dazzling	O
build-up	O
from	O
in-form	O
midfielder	O
Harald	T-2
Spoerl	T-2
.	O

In	O
the	O
night	O
's	O
only	O
other	O
match	O
,	O
Hamburg	O
beat	O
Hansa	O
Rostock	O
1-0	O
,	O
Karsten	B-PER
Baeron	I-PER
scoring	O
the	O
winner	T-0
after	O
some	O
dazzling	O
build-up	O
from	O
in-form	O
midfielder	O
Harald	O
Spoerl	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
night	O
's	O
only	O
other	O
match	O
,	O
Hamburg	T-0
beat	O
Hansa	O
Rostock	O
1-0	O
,	O
Karsten	O
Baeron	O
scoring	O
the	O
winner	O
after	O
some	O
dazzling	O
build-up	O
from	O
in-form	O
midfielder	O
Harald	B-PER
Spoerl	I-PER
.	O

The	O
win	T-0
put	T-2
Hamburg	B-ORG
in	O
second	T-3
place	O
in	O
the	O
German	O
first	T-1
division	T-1
after	O
three	O
games	O
,	O
though	O
that	O
may	O
change	O
after	O
the	O
other	O
sides	O
play	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

The	O
win	O
put	O
Hamburg	T-1
in	O
second	T-0
place	O
in	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
first	O
division	O
after	O
three	O
games	O
,	O
though	O
that	O
may	O
change	O
after	O
the	O
other	O
sides	O
play	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

ATHLETICS	T-0
-	O
SALAH	B-PER
HISSOU	I-PER
BREAKS	O
10,000	O
METRES	O
WORLD	O
RECORD	O
.	O

Morocco	B-LOC
's	O
Salah	O
Hissou	O
broke	T-0
the	O
men	O
's	O
10,000	O
metres	O
world	O
record	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
he	O
clocked	T-1
26	O
minutes	O
38.08	O
seconds	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	O
grand	O
prix	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Morocco	O
's	O
Salah	B-PER
Hissou	I-PER
broke	O
the	O
men	O
's	O
10,000	O
metres	O
world	O
record	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
he	T-0
clocked	O
26	O
minutes	O
38.08	O
seconds	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	O
grand	O
prix	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Morocco	O
's	O
Salah	O
Hissou	O
broke	T-1
the	O
men	O
's	O
10,000	O
metres	O
world	T-0
record	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
he	O
clocked	T-2
26	O
minutes	O
38.08	O
seconds	O
at	T-3
the	O
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	O
prix	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
previous	O
mark	O
of	O
26:43.53	O
was	O
set	O
by	T-0
Ethiopia	B-LOC
's	O
Haile	T-2
Gebreselassie	T-3
in	O
the	O
Dutch	T-1
town	O
of	O
Hengelo	T-4
in	O
June	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	T-0
previous	T-0
mark	T-0
of	O
26:43.53	O
was	T-1
set	T-3
by	T-3
Ethiopia	O
's	O
Haile	B-PER
Gebreselassie	I-PER
in	O
the	O
Dutch	O
town	T-2
of	T-2
Hengelo	T-2
in	O
June	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
previous	O
mark	O
of	O
26:43.53	O
was	O
set	T-0
by	O
Ethiopia	O
's	O
Haile	O
Gebreselassie	O
in	O
the	O
Dutch	B-MISC
town	T-1
of	O
Hengelo	O
in	O
June	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
previous	O
mark	O
of	O
26:43.53	O
was	O
set	O
by	O
Ethiopia	O
's	O
Haile	O
Gebreselassie	O
in	O
the	O
Dutch	O
town	T-0
of	O
Hengelo	B-LOC
in	O
June	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
FIRST	T-0
DIVISION	T-0
SUMMARIES	T-0
.	O

Summaries	T-2
of	O
Bundesliga	B-MISC
matches	T-0
on	O
Friday	T-1
:	O

Hansa	B-ORG
Rostock	I-ORG
0	O
Hamburg	T-1
1	O
(	O
Baeron	T-0
64th	O
min	O
)	O
.	O

Hansa	O
Rostock	O
0	O
Hamburg	T-0
1	T-0
(	O
Baeron	B-PER
64th	T-1
min	T-1
)	O
.	O

St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
4	T-1
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	O
54th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	T-0
4	O
(	O
Max	O
11th	O
,	O
Thon	O
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	O
38th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
)	O
.	O

St	O
Pauli	O
4	O
(	O
Driller	B-PER
15th	T-1
,	O
Trulsen	O
54th	O
,	O
Springer	T-0
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	O
4	O
(	O
Max	O
11th	O
,	O
Thon	O
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	O
38th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
)	O
.	O

St	T-0
Pauli	T-0
4	O
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	B-PER
54th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	O
4	O
(	O
Max	O
11th	O
,	O
Thon	O
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	O
38th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
)	O
.	O

St	T-1
Pauli	T-1
4	O
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	O
54th	O
,	O
Springer	B-PER
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	T-0
)	O
Schalke	T-2
4	O
(	O
Max	T-3
11th	O
,	O
Thon	O
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	O
38th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
)	O
.	O

St	O
Pauli	O
4	O
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	O
54th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	B-PER
67th	T-2
penalty	T-0
)	O
Schalke	T-1
4	O
(	O
Max	O
11th	O
,	O
Thon	O
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	O
38th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
)	O
.	O

St	O
Pauli	O
4	O
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	O
54th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	B-ORG
4	T-0
(	O
Max	T-1
11th	T-1
,	O
Thon	T-2
34th	T-2
,	O
Wilmots	T-3
38th	T-3
,	O
Springer	T-4
64th	T-4
)	O
.	O

St	T-0
Pauli	T-0
4	O
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	O
54th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	O
4	O
(	O
Max	B-PER
11th	O
,	O
Thon	O
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	O
38th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
)	O
.	O

St	T-0
Pauli	T-0
4	T-0
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	T-2
54th	T-2
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	T-3
4	T-3
(	O
Max	O
11th	O
,	O
Thon	B-PER
34th	T-1
,	O
Wilmots	O
38th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
)	O
.	O

St	O
Pauli	O
4	O
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	O
54th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	O
4	O
(	O
Max	O
11th	O
,	O
Thon	O
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	B-PER
38th	T-0
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
)	O
.	O

St	T-0
Pauli	T-0
4	O
(	O
Driller	O
15th	O
,	O
Trulsen	O
54th	O
,	O
Springer	O
64th	O
,	O
Sobotzik	O
67th	O
penalty	O
)	O
Schalke	O
4	O
(	O
Max	O
11th	O
,	O
Thon	O
34th	O
,	O
Wilmots	O
38th	O
,	O
Springer	B-PER
64th	O
)	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
FRENCH	B-MISC
LEAGUE	T-0
SUMMARY	T-0
.	O

Summary	O
of	O
a	O
French	B-MISC
first	O
division	T-0
match	T-1
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Nancy	B-ORG
0	O
Paris	T-0
St	T-0
Germain	T-0
0	O
.	O

Nancy	O
0	O
Paris	B-ORG
St	I-ORG
Germain	I-ORG
0	T-0
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
FRENCH	B-MISC
LEAGUE	T-0
RESULT	T-0
.	O

Result	T-1
of	O
a	O
French	B-MISC
first	O
division	O
match	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Nancy	B-ORG
0	O
Paris	T-0
St	O
Germain	T-1
0	O

Nancy	T-0
0	T-0
Paris	B-ORG
St	I-ORG
Germain	I-ORG
0	O

SOCCER	T-2
-	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
FIRST	O
DIVISION	T-0
RESULTS	T-1
.	O

Results	T-0
of	O
German	B-MISC
first	O
division	O

St	B-ORG
Pauli	I-ORG
4	T-0
Schalke	T-1
4	T-2

St	T-0
Pauli	T-0
4	O
Schalke	B-ORG
4	O

Hansa	O
Rostock	T-0
0	O
Hamburg	B-ORG
1	O

ATHLETICS	T-0
-	O
MASTERKOVA	B-PER
BREAKS	T-1
SECOND	O
WORLD	O
RECORD	O
IN	O
10	O
DAYS	O
.	O

Russia	B-LOC
's	O
double	O
Olympic	T-3
champion	O
Svetlana	O
Masterkova	O
smashed	T-0
her	O
second	O
world	O
record	T-1
in	O
just	O
10	O
days	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
she	O
bettered	T-2
the	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
1,000	O
metres	O
.	O

Russia	T-3
's	O
double	T-0
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	T-1
Svetlana	T-4
Masterkova	T-4
smashed	O
her	O
second	O
world	O
record	T-2
in	O
just	O
10	O
days	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
she	O
bettered	O
the	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
1,000	O
metres	O
.	O

Russia	O
's	O
double	O
Olympic	O
champion	T-1
Svetlana	B-PER
Masterkova	I-PER
smashed	T-2
her	T-3
second	O
world	O
record	O
in	O
just	O
10	O
days	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
she	O
bettered	T-0
the	O
mark	O
for	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
1,000	O
metres	O
.	O

After	O
breaking	O
the	O
world	O
record	O
for	O
the	O
women	T-3
's	T-3
mile	T-3
in	T-0
Zurich	B-LOC
last	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
the	O
Olympic	O
800	O
and	O
1,500	O
metres	O
champion	O
clocked	T-1
two	O
minutes	O
28.98	O
seconds	O
over	O
1,000	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	T-2
grand	O
prix	O
meeting	O
.	O

After	O
breaking	O
the	O
world	T-0
record	T-0
for	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
mile	O
in	O
Zurich	T-2
last	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
the	O
Olympic	B-MISC
800	O
and	O
1,500	O
metres	O
champion	O
clocked	O
two	O
minutes	O
28.98	O
seconds	O
over	O
1,000	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	O
grand	T-1
prix	T-1
meeting	O
.	O

After	O
breaking	O
the	O
world	O
record	O
for	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
mile	O
in	O
Zurich	T-0
last	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
the	O
Olympic	O
800	O
and	O
1,500	O
metres	O
champion	O
clocked	O
two	O
minutes	O
28.98	O
seconds	O
over	O
1,000	O
at	T-2
the	T-2
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	T-1
prix	T-1
meeting	T-1
.	O

The	T-1
Russian	B-MISC
ate	O
up	O
the	O
ground	T-2
in	O
a	O
swift	O
last	O
lap	T-0
to	O
shave	O
0.36	O
seconds	O
off	O
the	O
previous	O
best	O
of	O
2:29.34	O
set	O
by	O
Mozambique	O
's	O
Maria	O
Mutola	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
stadium	T-3
in	O
August	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
Russian	T-2
ate	O
up	O
the	O
ground	O
in	O
a	O
swift	O
last	O
lap	O
to	O
shave	O
0.36	O
seconds	O
off	O
the	O
previous	O
best	O
of	O
2:29.34	O
set	T-1
by	T-1
Mozambique	B-LOC
's	O
Maria	O
Mutola	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
stadium	T-0
in	O
August	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
Russian	T-3
ate	O
up	O
the	O
ground	O
in	O
a	O
swift	O
last	O
lap	O
to	O
shave	O
0.36	O
seconds	O
off	O
the	O
previous	T-0
best	T-0
of	O
2:29.34	O
set	T-1
by	O
Mozambique	T-2
's	O
Maria	B-PER
Mutola	I-PER
in	O
the	O
same	O
stadium	O
in	O
August	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Former	O
world	O
800	O
champion	O
Mutola	B-PER
pushed	O
Masterkova	T-0
all	O
the	O
way	O
,	O
finishing	O
second	O
in	O
2:29.66	O
.	O

Former	O
world	O
800	O
champion	O
Mutola	O
pushed	O
Masterkova	B-PER
all	T-0
the	T-0
way	T-0
,	O
finishing	T-1
second	O
in	O
2:29.66	O
.	O

But	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
who	O
picked	O
up	O
the	O
bonus	T-0
of	O
$	O
25,000	O
for	O
the	O
historic	T-1
run	T-1
in	O
front	O
of	O
a	O
capacity	O
40,000	O
crowd	O
.	O

Masterkova	B-PER
dominated	T-1
the	O
middle-distance	O
races	O
at	O
the	O
recent	O
Atlanta	T-3
Games	T-0
following	O
her	O
return	T-2
to	O
competition	O
this	O
season	O
after	O
a	O
three-year	O
maternity	T-4
break	O
.	O

Masterkova	O
dominated	O
the	O
middle-distance	O
races	O
at	O
the	O
recent	T-0
Atlanta	B-MISC
Games	I-MISC
following	O
her	O
return	O
to	O
competition	O
this	O
season	O
after	O
a	O
three-year	O
maternity	O
break	O
.	O

In	O
her	O
first	O
mile	O
race	O
at	O
the	O
richest	O
meeting	T-1
in	T-0
Zurich	B-LOC
last	O
Wednesday	O
,	O
she	O
slashed	O
3.05	T-2
seconds	O
off	O
the	O
previous	O
record	O
.	O

The	O
record	O
of	O
four	O
minutes	O
,	O
12.56	T-0
seconds	T-0
in	O
Zurich	B-LOC
earned	T-3
Masterkova	T-2
a	O
bonus	O
of	O
$	O
50,000	O
plus	O
one	O
kilo	O
of	O
gold	O
.	O

The	T-0
record	T-0
of	O
four	O
minutes	O
,	O
12.56	O
seconds	O
in	O
Zurich	T-1
earned	O
Masterkova	B-PER
a	O
bonus	O
of	O
$	O
50,000	O
plus	O
one	O
kilo	O
of	O
gold	O
.	O

After	O
Friday	O
's	O
performance	T-0
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
will	O
have	O
earned	T-1
well	O
over	O
$	O
100,000	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
fortnight	O
,	O
taking	O
her	O
appearance	O
money	O
into	O
account	O
.	O

Brussels	B-LOC
organisers	O
had	O
laid	T-1
a	O
new	O
track	T-0
for	O
the	O
meeting	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
surface	O
at	O
the	O
Atlanta	O
Games	O
but	O
put	O
down	O
on	O
a	O
softer	O
surface	O
.	O

Brussels	T-0
organisers	T-0
had	O
laid	O
a	O
new	O
track	T-1
for	O
the	O
meeting	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
surface	T-3
at	T-3
the	T-3
Atlanta	B-MISC
Games	I-MISC
but	O
put	T-4
down	T-4
on	O
a	O
softer	O
surface	T-2
.	O

Masterkova	B-PER
clearly	O
enjoyed	T-0
it	O
.	O

Mutola	B-PER
looked	O
threatening	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
200	T-1
metres	T-1
but	O
the	O
Russian	T-2
found	T-2
an	T-2
extra	T-2
gear	T-2
to	O
power	O
home	O
several	O
strides	O
ahead	O
,	O
pointing	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
on	O
the	O
clock	O
with	O
delight	O
as	O
she	T-0
crossed	O
the	O
line	O
.	O

Mutola	T-1
looked	T-2
threatening	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
200	T-0
metres	T-0
but	O
the	O
Russian	B-MISC
found	T-3
an	O
extra	O
gear	O
to	O
power	O
home	O
several	O
strides	O
ahead	O
,	O
pointing	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
on	O
the	O
clock	O
with	O
delight	O
as	O
she	O
crossed	O
the	O
line	O
.	O

2:30.67	O
Christine	B-PER
Wachtel	I-PER
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
Berlin	T-0
17.8.90	O

2:30.67	O
Christine	O
Wachtel	O
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
Berlin	T-0
17.8.90	O

2:30.67	O
Christine	T-0
Wachtel	T-0
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O
Berlin	B-LOC
17.8.90	O

2:29.34	O
Maria	B-PER
Mutola	I-PER
(	O
Mozambique	T-0
)	O
Brussels	O
25.8.95	O

2:29.34	O
Maria	O
Mutola	O
(	O
Mozambique	B-LOC
)	T-0
Brussels	T-0
25.8.95	O

2:29.34	O
Maria	O
Mutola	T-0
(	O
Mozambique	O
)	O
Brussels	B-LOC
25.8.95	O

2:28.98	T-1
Svetlana	B-PER
Masterkova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
Brussels	T-0
23.8.96	O

2:28.98	O
Svetlana	O
Masterkova	O
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
Brussels	T-0
23.8.96	O

2:28.98	O
Svetlana	T-1
Masterkova	T-1
(	O
Russia	T-2
)	O
Brussels	B-LOC
23.8.96	O

ATHLETICS	T-1
-	O
MASTERKOVA	B-PER
BREAKS	O
WOMEN	T-0
'S	O
WORLD	O
1,000	O
RECORD	O
.	O

Russian	B-MISC
Svetlana	T-3
Masterkova	O
broke	T-0
the	T-0
women	T-1
's	T-1
world	T-1
1,000	T-1
metres	T-1
record	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
she	O
clocked	T-2
an	O
unofficial	O
two	O
minutes	O
28.99	O
seconds	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	O
grand	O
prix	O
.	O

Russian	T-0
Svetlana	B-PER
Masterkova	I-PER
broke	T-1
the	O
women	T-3
's	T-3
world	T-3
1,000	O
metres	O
record	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
she	O
clocked	T-2
an	O
unofficial	O
two	O
minutes	O
28.99	O
seconds	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	T-4
grand	O
prix	O
.	O

Russian	O
Svetlana	O
Masterkova	O
broke	T-1
the	O
women	O
's	O
world	O
1,000	O
metres	O
record	O
on	O
Friday	O
when	O
she	O
clocked	O
an	O
unofficial	O
two	O
minutes	O
28.99	O
seconds	O
at	T-2
the	T-2
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	T-0
prix	T-0
.	O

The	O
previous	O
mark	O
of	O
2:29.34	T-0
was	O
set	O
by	O
Mozambique	B-LOC
's	O
Maria	T-1
Mutola	T-1
here	O
on	O
August	O
25	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
previous	T-2
mark	O
of	O
2:29.34	T-0
was	O
set	O
by	O
Mozambique	T-1
's	T-1
Maria	B-PER
Mutola	I-PER
here	O
on	O
August	O
25	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

GOLF	O
-	O
GERMAN	B-MISC
OPEN	I-MISC
SECOND	O
ROUND	T-0
SCORES	O
.	O

STUTTGART	B-LOC
,	O
Germany	T-0
1996-08-23	O

STUTTGART	T-0
,	O
Germany	B-LOC
1996-08-23	O

scores	T-1
in	O
the	O
German	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
golf	T-0
championship	T-2
on	O
Friday	O
(	O
Britain	O

scores	O
in	O
the	O
German	T-1
Open	T-1
golf	T-1
championship	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
(	O
Britain	B-LOC

128	O
Ian	B-PER
Woosnam	I-PER
64	T-0
64	T-0

130	O
Fernando	B-PER
Roca	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
66	O
64	O
,	O
Ian	O
Pyman	O
66	O
64	O

131	O
Carl	B-PER
Suneson	I-PER
65	T-0
66	T-0
,	O
Stephen	O
Field	O
66	T-1
65	T-1

132	T-0
Miguel	T-0
Angel	T-0
Martin	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
66	O
66	O
,	O
Raymond	O
Russell	O
63	O
69	O
,	O

132	O
Miguel	O
Angel	O
Martin	O
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
66	T-0
66	T-0
,	O
Raymond	B-PER
Russell	I-PER
63	O
69	O
,	O

Thomas	B-PER
Gogele	I-PER
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
67	O
65	O
,	O
Paul	T-0
Broadhurst	T-0
62	O
70	O
,	O

Thomas	T-0
Gogele	O
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
67	O
65	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
Broadhurst	I-PER
62	O
70	O
,	O

Diego	B-PER
Borrego	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
69	O
63	O

Diego	T-0
Borrego	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
69	O
63	O

133	O
Ricky	O
Willison	O
69	O
64	O
,	O
Stephen	B-PER
Ames	I-PER
(	O
Trinidad	T-0
and	T-0
Tobago	T-0
)	O

68	O
65	O
,	O
Eamonn	B-PER
Darcy	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	T-0
)	O
65	T-1
68	T-1

68	O
65	O
,	O
Eamonn	T-0
Darcy	T-0
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
65	O
68	O

134	O
Robert	B-PER
Coles	I-PER
68	T-0
66	T-0
,	O
David	T-1
Williams	T-1
67	O
67	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Bjorn	O

134	O
Robert	T-0
Coles	T-0
68	O
66	O
,	O
David	B-PER
Williams	I-PER
67	O
67	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Bjorn	O

134	O
Robert	O
Coles	O
68	O
66	O
,	O
David	T-0
Williams	T-0
67	O
67	O
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Bjorn	I-PER

(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O
66	T-0
68	T-0
,	O
Pedro	T-1
Linhart	T-1
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
67	O
67	O
,	O
Michael	O

(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
66	O
68	O
,	O
Pedro	B-PER
Linhart	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
67	O
67	O
,	O
Michael	T-0

(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
66	O
68	O
,	O
Pedro	T-0
Linhart	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
67	O
67	O
,	O
Michael	O

(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
66	T-0
68	T-0
,	O
Pedro	T-2
Linhart	T-2
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
67	T-1
67	T-1
,	O
Michael	B-PER

Jonzon	B-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
67	O
67	O
,	O
Roger	T-0
Chapman	T-0
72	O
62	O
,	O
Jonathan	T-1
Lomas	T-1

Jonzon	T-0
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
67	T-1
67	T-1
,	O
Roger	O
Chapman	O
72	T-2
62	T-2
,	O
Jonathan	O
Lomas	O

Jonzon	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
67	O
67	O
,	O
Roger	B-PER
Chapman	I-PER
72	T-0
62	T-0
,	O
Jonathan	O
Lomas	O

Jonzon	T-0
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
67	O
67	O
,	O
Roger	O
Chapman	O
72	O
62	O
,	O
Jonathan	B-PER
Lomas	I-PER

67	O
67	O
,	O
Francisco	B-PER
Cea	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
68	O
66	O

67	O
67	O
,	O
Francisco	T-0
Cea	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
68	O
66	O

135	O
Terry	B-PER
Price	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-1
)	O
67	O
68	O
,	O
Paul	T-0
Eales	T-0
67	O
68	O
,	O
Wayne	O

135	O
Terry	T-0
Price	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
67	O
68	O
,	O
Paul	O
Eales	O
67	O
68	O
,	O
Wayne	O

135	T-0
Terry	T-2
Price	T-2
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
67	O
68	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
Eales	I-PER
67	T-1
68	T-1
,	O
Wayne	O

Riley	B-PER
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Carl	T-1
Mason	T-1
69	O
66	O
,	O
Barry	O
Lane	O

Riley	T-0
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Carl	O
Mason	O
69	O
66	O
,	O
Barry	O
Lane	O

Riley	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
64	T-1
71	T-1
,	O
Carl	B-PER
Mason	I-PER
69	O
66	O
,	O
Barry	T-2
Lane	T-2

Riley	T-0
(	O
Australia	O
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Carl	O
Mason	O
69	O
66	O
,	O
Barry	B-PER
Lane	I-PER

68	O
67	O
,	O
Bernhard	B-PER
Langer	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-1
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Gary	T-2
Orr	T-2
67	O
68	O
,	O

68	O
67	O
,	O
Bernhard	O
Langer	O
(	O
Germany	O
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Gary	B-PER
Orr	I-PER
67	T-0
68	T-0
,	T-0

Mats	B-PER
Lanner	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Jeff	T-0
Hawksworth	T-0
67	O
68	O
,	O
Des	O

Mats	T-1
Lanner	T-1
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Jeff	B-PER
Hawksworth	I-PER
67	T-0
68	T-0
,	O
Des	O

Mats	O
Lanner	O
(	O
Sweden	O
)	O
64	O
71	O
,	O
Jeff	T-0
Hawksworth	T-0
67	O
68	O
,	O
Des	B-PER

Smyth	T-0
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
66	O
69	O
,	O
David	O
Carter	O
66	O
69	O
,	O
Steve	O
Webster	O

Smyth	T-0
(	O
Ireland	O
)	O
66	O
69	O
,	O
David	B-PER
Carter	I-PER
66	O
69	O
,	O
Steve	T-1
Webster	T-1

Smyth	T-0
(	O
Ireland	T-1
)	O
66	O
69	O
,	O
David	O
Carter	O
66	O
69	O
,	O
Steve	B-PER
Webster	I-PER

69	O
66	O
,	O
Jose	B-PER
Maria	I-PER
Canizares	I-PER
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
67	T-0
68	T-0
,	O
Paul	O
Lawrie	O

69	O
66	O
,	O
Jose	O
Maria	O
Canizares	O
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
67	T-0
68	T-0
,	O
Paul	O
Lawrie	O

69	O
66	O
,	O
Jose	T-0
Maria	T-0
Canizares	T-1
(	O
Spain	O
)	O
67	O
68	O
,	O
Paul	B-PER
Lawrie	I-PER

ATHLETICS	O
-	O
MITCHELL	O
UPSTAGES	O
TRIO	T-0
OF	T-0
OLYMPIC	B-MISC
SPRINT	O
CHAMPIONS	T-1
.	O

American	B-MISC
Dennis	T-0
Mitchell	O
upstaged	O
a	O
trio	O
of	O
past	O
and	O
present	T-1
Olympic	O
100	O
metres	O
champions	O
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
storming	O
victory	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	O
grand	O
prix	O
.	O

American	O
Dennis	B-PER
Mitchell	I-PER
upstaged	O
a	O
trio	O
of	O
past	O
and	O
present	O
Olympic	O
100	O
metres	O
champions	O
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
storming	O
victory	T-0
at	O
the	O
Brussels	O
grand	O
prix	O
.	O

American	T-1
Dennis	T-2
Mitchell	T-2
upstaged	O
a	O
trio	O
of	O
past	O
and	O
present	T-0
Olympic	B-MISC
100	O
metres	O
champions	O
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
storming	O
victory	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	O
grand	O
prix	O
.	O

American	O
Dennis	T-0
Mitchell	T-0
upstaged	O
a	O
trio	O
of	O
past	O
and	O
present	O
Olympic	T-1
100	O
metres	O
champions	O
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
storming	O
victory	O
at	O
the	O
Brussels	B-LOC
grand	O
prix	O
.	O

Sporting	B-ORG
his	O
customary	O
bright	O
green	O
outfit	T-0
,	O
the	O
U.S.	O
champion	O
clocked	T-3
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	O
of	O
Canada	O
's	O
reigning	O
Olympic	T-2
champion	T-1
Donovan	O
Bailey	O
,	O
1992	O
champion	O
Linford	O
Christie	O
of	O
Britain	O
and	O
American	O
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	O
Lewis	O
.	O

Sporting	O
his	O
customary	T-1
bright	O
green	O
outfit	O
,	O
the	T-2
U.S.	B-LOC
champion	T-0
clocked	O
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	T-3
conditions	T-3
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	O
of	O
Canada	O
's	O
reigning	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Donovan	O
Bailey	O
,	O
1992	O
champion	O
Linford	O
Christie	O
of	O
Britain	O
and	O
American	O
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	O
Lewis	O
.	O

Sporting	T-1
his	O
customary	O
bright	O
green	O
outfit	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	O
champion	T-2
clocked	O
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	O
of	O
Canada	B-LOC
's	O
reigning	T-0
Olympic	O
champion	O
Donovan	T-4
Bailey	T-4
,	O
1992	O
champion	O
Linford	T-5
Christie	T-5
of	O
Britain	T-6
and	O
American	T-3
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	O
Lewis	O
.	O

Sporting	O
his	O
customary	O
bright	O
green	O
outfit	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	T-5
champion	T-5
clocked	O
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	T-6
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	T-7
of	O
Canada	T-0
's	O
reigning	O
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Donovan	T-3
Bailey	T-3
,	O
1992	O
champion	O
Linford	T-4
Christie	T-4
of	O
Britain	T-1
and	O
American	T-2
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	O
Lewis	O
.	O

Sporting	O
his	O
customary	O
bright	O
green	O
outfit	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	O
champion	O
clocked	T-0
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	O
of	O
Canada	O
's	O
reigning	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Donovan	B-PER
Bailey	I-PER
,	O
1992	O
champion	T-1
Linford	O
Christie	O
of	O
Britain	O
and	O
American	O
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	O
Lewis	O
.	O

Sporting	O
his	O
customary	O
bright	O
green	O
outfit	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	T-0
champion	T-0
clocked	O
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	O
of	O
Canada	O
's	O
reigning	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Donovan	O
Bailey	O
,	O
1992	O
champion	T-1
Linford	B-PER
Christie	I-PER
of	T-2
Britain	T-3
and	O
American	O
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	O
Lewis	O
.	O

Sporting	T-2
his	O
customary	O
bright	O
green	O
outfit	T-0
,	O
the	O
U.S.	O
champion	O
clocked	O
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	T-3
of	O
Canada	O
's	O
reigning	T-1
Olympic	O
champion	O
Donovan	O
Bailey	O
,	O
1992	O
champion	T-4
Linford	T-4
Christie	T-4
of	T-4
Britain	B-LOC
and	O
American	O
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	O
Lewis	O
.	O

Sporting	O
his	O
customary	O
bright	O
green	O
outfit	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	T-1
champion	O
clocked	O
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	O
of	O
Canada	T-2
's	O
reigning	O
Olympic	T-5
champion	T-5
Donovan	T-3
Bailey	T-3
,	O
1992	O
champion	T-0
Linford	T-0
Christie	O
of	O
Britain	O
and	O
American	B-MISC
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	O
Carl	T-4
Lewis	T-4
.	O

Sporting	O
his	O
customary	T-3
bright	O
green	O
outfit	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	T-0
champion	T-0
clocked	O
10.03	O
seconds	O
despite	O
damp	O
conditions	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
scalp	O
of	O
Canada	O
's	O
reigning	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Donovan	T-1
Bailey	T-1
,	O
1992	O
champion	O
Linford	T-2
Christie	T-2
of	O
Britain	O
and	O
American	O
1984	O
and	O
1988	O
champion	T-4
Carl	B-PER
Lewis	I-PER
.	O

Mitchell	B-PER
also	O
beat	T-0
world	O
and	O
Olympic	O
champion	T-1
Bailey	O
at	O
the	O
most	O
lucrative	O
meeting	T-2
in	O
the	O
sport	O
in	O
Zurich	O
last	O
week	O
.	O

Mitchell	O
also	O
beat	T-2
world	O
and	O
Olympic	B-MISC
champion	O
Bailey	O
at	O
the	O
most	O
lucrative	T-3
meeting	T-0
in	O
the	O
sport	O
in	O
Zurich	T-1
last	O
week	O
.	O

Mitchell	T-0
also	O
beat	T-3
world	O
and	O
Olympic	O
champion	O
Bailey	T-1
at	O
the	O
most	O
lucrative	O
meeting	O
in	O
the	O
sport	O
in	T-2
Zurich	B-LOC
last	T-4
week	T-4
.	O

The	O
American	B-MISC
,	O
who	T-0
finished	O
fourth	O
at	O
the	O
Atlanta	O
Games	O
,	O
was	O
fast	O
out	O
of	O
his	T-1
blocks	O
and	O
held	O
off	O
Bailey	O
's	O
late	O
burst	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
20	O
metres	O
before	O
heading	O
off	O
for	O
a	O
lap	O
of	O
celebration	O
.	O

The	O
American	O
,	O
who	O
finished	T-0
fourth	O
at	O
the	O
Atlanta	B-MISC
Games	I-MISC
,	O
was	O
fast	O
out	O
of	O
his	O
blocks	T-1
and	O
held	O
off	O
Bailey	O
's	O
late	O
burst	O
in	O
the	O
final	O
20	O
metres	O
before	O
heading	T-2
off	O
for	O
a	O
lap	O
of	O
celebration	O
.	O

The	O
American	O
,	O
who	O
finished	O
fourth	O
at	O
the	O
Atlanta	T-0
Games	T-0
,	T-0
was	O
fast	O
out	T-2
of	T-2
his	T-2
blocks	O
and	O
held	T-3
off	T-3
Bailey	B-PER
's	O
late	O
burst	T-1
in	O
the	O
final	O
20	O
metres	O
before	O
heading	O
off	O
for	O
a	O
lap	O
of	O
celebration	O
.	O

The	O
Canadian	B-MISC
was	O
second	T-0
in	O
10.09	O
with	O
Lewis	O
third	O
in	O
10.10	O
,	O
ahead	T-1
of	O
Atlanta	O
bronze	O
medallist	O
Ato	O
Boldon	O
who	O
clocked	O
10.12	O
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

The	O
Canadian	T-0
was	O
second	O
in	O
10.09	O
with	T-3
Lewis	B-PER
third	T-4
in	O
10.10	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
Atlanta	O
bronze	O
medallist	T-1
Ato	T-2
Boldon	T-2
who	O
clocked	O
10.12	O
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

The	O
Canadian	O
was	O
second	T-2
in	O
10.09	O
with	O
Lewis	O
third	T-1
in	O
10.10	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
bronze	T-3
medallist	O
Ato	O
Boldon	O
who	O
clocked	T-0
10.12	O
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

The	O
Canadian	O
was	O
second	O
in	O
10.09	O
with	O
Lewis	O
third	O
in	O
10.10	O
,	O
ahead	O
of	O
Atlanta	O
bronze	O
medallist	T-0
Ato	B-PER
Boldon	I-PER
who	O
clocked	O
10.12	O
in	O
fourth	O
.	O

Christie	B-PER
,	O
competing	T-2
in	O
what	O
is	O
expected	O
to	O
be	O
his	T-0
last	O
major	O
international	O
meeting	T-1
,	O
finished	O
fifth	O
in	O
10.14	O
.	O

Lewis	B-PER
,	O
making	T-2
a	O
rare	O
appearance	T-3
in	O
Europe	O
in	O
a	O
sprint	T-1
race	T-1
,	O
left	O
the	O
track	T-0
with	O
a	O
slight	O
limp	O
.	O

Lewis	O
,	O
making	O
a	O
rare	O
appearance	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
in	O
a	O
sprint	T-0
race	O
,	O
left	O
the	O
track	O
with	O
a	O
slight	O
limp	O
.	O

American	B-MISC
Olympic	I-MISC
high	O
hurdles	T-1
champion	T-3
Allen	O
Johnson	O
defied	T-2
the	O
wet	O
conditions	T-0
to	O
produce	O
a	O
brilliant	O
12.92	O
seconds	O
in	O
the	O
110	O
metres	O
race	O
,	O
just	O
0.01	O
outside	O
the	O
world	O
record	O
held	O
by	O
Britain	O
's	O
Colin	O
Jackson	O
.	O

American	O
Olympic	O
high	O
hurdles	O
champion	T-0
Allen	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
defied	O
the	O
wet	O
conditions	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
brilliant	O
12.92	O
seconds	O
in	O
the	O
110	O
metres	O
race	O
,	O
just	O
0.01	O
outside	O
the	O
world	O
record	O
held	O
by	O
Britain	O
's	O
Colin	O
Jackson	O
.	O

American	O
Olympic	O
high	O
hurdles	O
champion	T-1
Allen	T-1
Johnson	O
defied	O
the	O
wet	O
conditions	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
brilliant	O
12.92	O
seconds	O
in	O
the	O
110	O
metres	O
race	O
,	O
just	O
0.01	O
outside	O
the	O
world	O
record	T-0
held	T-2
by	O
Britain	B-LOC
's	O
Colin	T-3
Jackson	T-3
.	O

American	O
Olympic	O
high	O
hurdles	O
champion	O
Allen	O
Johnson	O
defied	T-1
the	O
wet	O
conditions	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
brilliant	O
12.92	O
seconds	O
in	O
the	O
110	O
metres	O
race	O
,	O
just	O
0.01	O
outside	O
the	O
world	O
record	O
held	O
by	O
Britain	T-0
's	T-0
Colin	B-PER
Jackson	I-PER
.	O

Johnson	B-PER
ran	T-0
the	O
same	O
time	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Olympic	O
trials	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
in	O
June	O
to	O
become	T-1
the	O
second	O
equal	O
fastest	O
hurdler	O
of	O
all	O
time	O
with	O
American	O
Roger	O
Kingdom	O
.	O

Johnson	T-0
ran	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	B-LOC
Olympic	O
trials	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
in	O
June	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
second	O
equal	O
fastest	O
hurdler	O
of	O
all	O
time	O
with	O
American	O
Roger	O
Kingdom	O
.	O

Johnson	T-3
ran	T-0
the	O
same	O
time	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Olympic	B-MISC
trials	T-1
in	O
Atlanta	O
in	O
June	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
second	O
equal	O
fastest	O
hurdler	T-2
of	O
all	O
time	O
with	O
American	O
Roger	O
Kingdom	O
.	O

Johnson	O
ran	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	T-1
Olympic	T-1
trials	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
in	O
June	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
second	O
equal	O
fastest	O
hurdler	O
of	O
all	O
time	O
with	O
American	T-2
Roger	T-2
Kingdom	T-2
.	O

Johnson	T-2
ran	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	O
Olympic	O
trials	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
in	O
June	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
second	T-0
equal	T-0
fastest	T-0
hurdler	T-0
of	O
all	O
time	O
with	O
American	B-MISC
Roger	T-1
Kingdom	T-1
.	O

Johnson	T-1
ran	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
at	O
the	O
U.S.	T-0
Olympic	T-0
trials	T-0
in	O
Atlanta	O
in	O
June	O
to	O
become	O
the	O
second	O
equal	O
fastest	O
hurdler	T-2
of	O
all	O
time	O
with	O
American	T-3
Roger	B-PER
Kingdom	I-PER
.	O

He	O
seemed	O
to	O
relish	T-0
the	O
new	O
track	O
at	T-2
the	T-2
Brussels	B-LOC
meeting	O
,	O
dominating	T-1
the	O
race	O
from	O
start	O
to	O
finish	O
with	O
a	O
slight	O
wind	O
at	O
his	O
back	O
.	O

Jackson	B-PER
,	O
the	O
only	T-0
man	T-1
to	O
have	O
run	O
faster	O
,	O
could	O
not	O
live	O
with	O
his	O
speed	O
,	O
taking	O
second	O
in	O
13.24	O
seconds	O
.	O

But	O
Sweden	B-LOC
's	O
Olympic	O
high	O
hurdles	O
champion	O
Ludmila	T-0
Engquist	T-0
,	O
who	O
crashed	O
out	O
of	O
last	O
week	O
's	O
meeting	T-2
in	O
Zurich	T-3
after	O
hitting	O
a	O
hurdle	T-1
,	O
also	O
kept	O
her	O
footing	O
perfectly	O
to	O
win	O
in	O
a	O
fast	O
12.60	O
seconds	O
.	O

But	O
Sweden	T-2
's	T-2
Olympic	B-MISC
high	T-1
hurdles	T-1
champion	T-1
Ludmila	O
Engquist	O
,	O
who	O
crashed	O
out	O
of	O
last	O
week	O
's	O
meeting	O
in	O
Zurich	O
after	O
hitting	O
a	O
hurdle	O
,	O
also	O
kept	O
her	O
footing	O
perfectly	O
to	O
win	O
in	O
a	O
fast	O
12.60	O
seconds	O
.	O

But	O
Sweden	T-0
's	T-0
Olympic	T-0
high	T-0
hurdles	T-0
champion	T-0
Ludmila	B-PER
Engquist	I-PER
,	O
who	O
crashed	T-3
out	O
of	O
last	O
week	O
's	O
meeting	T-2
in	O
Zurich	O
after	O
hitting	T-4
a	O
hurdle	O
,	O
also	O
kept	T-1
her	O
footing	O
perfectly	O
to	O
win	O
in	O
a	O
fast	O
12.60	O
seconds	O
.	O

But	O
Sweden	T-1
's	O
Olympic	O
high	O
hurdles	O
champion	O
Ludmila	O
Engquist	O
,	O
who	O
crashed	O
out	O
of	O
last	O
week	O
's	O
meeting	T-0
in	T-0
Zurich	B-LOC
after	O
hitting	O
a	O
hurdle	O
,	O
also	O
kept	O
her	O
footing	O
perfectly	O
to	O
win	O
in	O
a	O
fast	O
12.60	O
seconds	O
.	O

Olympic	B-MISC
silver	O
medallist	O
Brigita	O
Bukovec	O
of	O
Slovenia	O
could	O
finish	T-1
only	O
fifth	O
in	O
the	O
race	T-0
in	O
12.95	O
.	O

Olympic	T-0
silver	T-0
medallist	T-1
Brigita	B-PER
Bukovec	I-PER
of	O
Slovenia	O
could	O
finish	O
only	O
fifth	O
in	O
the	O
race	O
in	O
12.95	O
.	O

Olympic	O
silver	O
medallist	T-0
Brigita	O
Bukovec	O
of	T-1
Slovenia	B-LOC
could	O
finish	O
only	O
fifth	O
in	O
the	O
race	O
in	O
12.95	O
.	O

Jamaican	B-MISC
Commonwealth	O
champion	O
Michelle	O
Freeman	O
took	T-0
second	O
in	O
12.77	O
ahead	T-1
of	O
Cuban	O
Aliuska	O
Lopez	O
.	O

Jamaican	T-0
Commonwealth	B-ORG
champion	O
Michelle	O
Freeman	O
took	T-1
second	O
in	O
12.77	O
ahead	O
of	O
Cuban	O
Aliuska	O
Lopez	O
.	O

Jamaican	T-1
Commonwealth	T-1
champion	O
Michelle	B-PER
Freeman	I-PER
took	O
second	O
in	O
12.77	O
ahead	T-0
of	O
Cuban	O
Aliuska	T-2
Lopez	T-2
.	O

Jamaican	O
Commonwealth	O
champion	T-2
Michelle	O
Freeman	O
took	T-0
second	O
in	O
12.77	O
ahead	T-1
of	O
Cuban	B-MISC
Aliuska	O
Lopez	O
.	O

Jamaican	O
Commonwealth	O
champion	O
Michelle	T-2
Freeman	T-2
took	O
second	O
in	O
12.77	O
ahead	T-1
of	O
Cuban	T-0
Aliuska	B-PER
Lopez	I-PER
.	O

The	O
Zurich	B-LOC
fall	O
cost	O
Engquist	T-0
a	O
shot	O
at	O
a	O
jackpot	O
of	O
20	O
one-kg	O
gold	O
bars	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
won	O
by	O
athletes	O
who	O
clinch	O
their	O
events	O
at	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Golden	O
Four	O
series	O
in	O
Oslo	O
,	O
Zurich	O
,	O
Brussels	O
and	O
Berlin	O
.	O

The	O
Zurich	O
fall	O
cost	T-2
Engquist	B-PER
a	O
shot	O
at	O
a	O
jackpot	O
of	O
20	O
one-kg	O
gold	O
bars	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
won	T-1
by	O
athletes	T-3
who	O
clinch	T-0
their	O
events	O
at	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Golden	O
Four	O
series	O
in	O
Oslo	O
,	O
Zurich	O
,	O
Brussels	O
and	O
Berlin	O
.	O

The	O
Zurich	O
fall	O
cost	O
Engquist	O
a	O
shot	O
at	O
a	O
jackpot	O
of	O
20	O
one-kg	O
gold	T-3
bars	T-3
which	O
can	O
be	O
won	O
by	O
athletes	O
who	O
clinch	O
their	T-0
events	T-0
at	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Golden	B-MISC
Four	I-MISC
series	T-1
in	O
Oslo	T-2
,	T-2
Zurich	T-2
,	T-2
Brussels	T-2
and	T-2
Berlin	T-2
.	O

The	O
Zurich	O
fall	O
cost	O
Engquist	O
a	O
shot	O
at	O
a	O
jackpot	T-0
of	O
20	O
one-kg	O
gold	O
bars	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
won	T-2
by	O
athletes	O
who	O
clinch	O
their	O
events	T-1
at	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Golden	O
Four	O
series	T-3
in	T-3
Oslo	B-LOC
,	O
Zurich	O
,	O
Brussels	O
and	O
Berlin	O
.	O

The	O
Zurich	O
fall	O
cost	O
Engquist	O
a	O
shot	O
at	O
a	O
jackpot	O
of	O
20	O
one-kg	O
gold	O
bars	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
won	O
by	O
athletes	O
who	O
clinch	O
their	O
events	O
at	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Golden	O
Four	O
series	T-0
in	O
Oslo	O
,	O
Zurich	B-LOC
,	O
Brussels	O
and	O
Berlin	O
.	O

The	O
Zurich	O
fall	O
cost	T-2
Engquist	T-1
a	O
shot	O
at	O
a	O
jackpot	O
of	O
20	O
one-kg	O
gold	O
bars	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
won	O
by	O
athletes	O
who	O
clinch	O
their	O
events	O
at	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Golden	O
Four	O
series	O
in	O
Oslo	O
,	O
Zurich	O
,	O
Brussels	B-LOC
and	T-0
Berlin	O
.	O

The	O
Zurich	O
fall	T-1
cost	O
Engquist	O
a	O
shot	O
at	O
a	O
jackpot	T-2
of	O
20	O
one-kg	O
gold	O
bars	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
won	T-3
by	O
athletes	O
who	O
clinch	O
their	O
events	O
at	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Golden	O
Four	O
series	T-0
in	O
Oslo	O
,	O
Zurich	O
,	O
Brussels	O
and	O
Berlin	B-LOC
.	O

Seven	O
athletes	T-0
went	O
into	O
Friday	O
's	O
penultimate	T-2
meeting	O
of	O
the	O
series	O
with	O
a	O
chance	O
of	O
winning	T-3
the	O
prize	O
and	O
American	B-MISC
men	O
's	O
400	O
metres	O
hurdles	O
champion	O
Derrick	T-1
Adkins	T-1
kept	O
his	O
hopes	O
alive	O
in	O
the	O
competition	O
by	O
winning	O
his	O
event	O
in	O
47.93	O
.	O

Seven	O
athletes	O
went	T-0
into	O
Friday	O
's	O
penultimate	O
meeting	O
of	O
the	O
series	O
with	O
a	O
chance	O
of	O
winning	O
the	O
prize	O
and	O
American	O
men	O
's	O
400	T-2
metres	T-2
hurdles	T-2
champion	T-2
Derrick	B-PER
Adkins	I-PER
kept	O
his	O
hopes	T-1
alive	T-1
in	O
the	O
competition	O
by	O
winning	O
his	O
event	O
in	O
47.93	O
.	O

American	B-MISC
Olympic	I-MISC
champion	T-1
Gail	O
Devers	O
clocked	T-2
a	O
swift	O
10.84	O
seconds	O
on	O
her	O
way	O
to	O
victory	O
in	O
the	O
women	T-0
's	T-0
100	T-0
metres	T-0
,	O
the	O
second	O
fastest	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
0.10	O
seconds	O
faster	O
than	O
her	O
winning	O
time	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
.	O

American	O
Olympic	O
champion	T-1
Gail	B-PER
Devers	I-PER
clocked	T-2
a	O
swift	O
10.84	O
seconds	O
on	O
her	O
way	O
to	O
victory	O
in	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
100	O
metres	O
,	O
the	O
second	O
fastest	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
0.10	O
seconds	O
faster	O
than	O
her	O
winning	O
time	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
.	T-0

American	T-1
Olympic	T-1
champion	T-1
Gail	O
Devers	O
clocked	T-0
a	O
swift	O
10.84	O
seconds	O
on	O
her	O
way	O
to	O
victory	O
in	O
the	O
women	O
's	O
100	O
metres	O
,	O
the	O
second	O
fastest	O
time	O
of	O
the	O
season	O
and	O
0.10	O
seconds	O
faster	O
than	O
her	O
winning	O
time	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
.	O

Jamaican	B-MISC
veteran	O
Merlene	O
Ottey	O
,	O
who	O
beat	T-0
Devers	O
in	O
Zurich	O
after	O
just	O
missing	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
gold	O
medal	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
after	O
a	O
photo	O
finish	O
,	O
had	O
to	O
settle	O
for	O
third	O
place	O
in	O
11.04	O
.	O

Jamaican	T-2
veteran	T-2
Merlene	B-PER
Ottey	I-PER
,	O
who	O
beat	O
Devers	O
in	O
Zurich	T-3
after	O
just	O
missing	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
gold	O
medal	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
after	O
a	O
photo	O
finish	O
,	O
had	O
to	O
settle	T-0
for	O
third	O
place	O
in	O
11.04	O
.	O

Jamaican	O
veteran	O
Merlene	O
Ottey	O
,	O
who	O
beat	O
Devers	B-PER
in	O
Zurich	O
after	O
just	O
missing	T-0
out	T-0
on	O
the	O
gold	O
medal	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
after	O
a	O
photo	O
finish	O
,	O
had	O
to	O
settle	O
for	O
third	O
place	O
in	O
11.04	O
.	O

Jamaican	T-2
veteran	T-2
Merlene	T-2
Ottey	T-2
,	O
who	O
beat	T-0
Devers	O
in	O
Zurich	B-LOC
after	O
just	O
missing	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
gold	O
medal	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
after	O
a	O
photo	O
finish	O
,	O
had	O
to	O
settle	T-1
for	O
third	O
place	T-3
in	O
11.04	O
.	O

Jamaican	O
veteran	O
Merlene	O
Ottey	O
,	O
who	O
beat	T-1
Devers	O
in	O
Zurich	O
after	O
just	O
missing	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
gold	O
medal	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
after	T-0
a	T-0
photo	T-0
finish	T-0
,	O
had	O
to	O
settle	T-2
for	O
third	O
place	O
in	O
11.04	O
.	O

American	B-MISC
world	T-1
champion	T-1
Gwen	O
Torrence	O
,	O
the	O
bronze	T-0
medallist	T-0
in	T-0
Atlanta	T-0
,	O
was	O
second	O
in	O
11.00	O
.	O

American	O
world	O
champion	T-1
Gwen	B-PER
Torrence	I-PER
,	O
the	O
bronze	T-0
medallist	O
in	O
Atlanta	O
,	O
was	O
second	O
in	O
11.00	O
.	O

American	O
world	O
champion	T-0
Gwen	T-1
Torrence	T-1
,	O
the	O
bronze	O
medallist	O
in	O
Atlanta	B-LOC
,	O
was	O
second	O
in	O
11.00	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
costly	O
defeat	O
for	O
Ottey	B-PER
since	O
it	O
threw	O
her	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
race	O
for	O
the	O
Golden	T-0
Four	O
jackpot	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
costly	O
defeat	O
for	O
Ottey	O
since	O
it	O
threw	O
her	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
race	O
for	T-0
the	T-0
Golden	B-MISC
Four	I-MISC
jackpot	O
.	O

ATHLETICS	T-1
-	O
BRUSSELS	B-MISC
GRAND	I-MISC
PRIX	I-MISC
RESULTS	T-2
.	O

Leading	T-0
results	T-1
in	O
the	O
Brussels	B-MISC

Grand	B-MISC
Prix	I-MISC
athletics	O
meeting	T-0
on	O
Friday	T-1
:	O

1.	O
Ilke	B-PER
Wyludda	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
66.60	T-1
metres	T-1

1.	O
Ilke	O
Wyludda	O
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
66.60	T-0
metres	T-0

2.	O
Ellina	B-PER
Zvereva	I-PER
(	O
Belarus	T-0
)	O
65.66	O

3.	O
Franka	B-PER
Dietzsch	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
61.74	O

3.	O
Franka	T-0
Dietzsch	T-0
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
61.74	O

4.	O
Natalya	B-PER
Sadova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
61.64	T-0

4.	O
Natalya	T-0
Sadova	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
61.64	O

5.	O
Mette	B-PER
Bergmann	I-PER
(	O
Norway	T-0
)	O
61.44	O

5.	O
Mette	O
Bergmann	O
(	O
Norway	B-LOC
)	O
61.44	T-0

6.	O
Nicoleta	B-PER
Grasu	I-PER
(	O
Romania	T-0
)	O
61.36	O

6.	O
Nicoleta	T-0
Grasu	T-0
(	O
Romania	B-LOC
)	O
61.36	O

7.	O
Olga	B-PER
Chernyavskaya	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O
60.46	T-1

7.	O
Olga	T-0
Chernyavskaya	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
60.46	O

8.	O
Irina	T-0
Yatchenko	T-0
(	O
Belarus	B-LOC
)	O
58.92	O

1.	O
Ludmila	B-PER
Engquist	I-PER
(	O
Sweden	T-0
)	O
12.60	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Ludmila	O
Engquist	O
(	O
Sweden	B-LOC
)	O
12.60	T-0
seconds	T-0

2.	O
Michelle	B-PER
Freeman	I-PER
(	O
Jamaica	T-0
)	O
12.77	O

3.	O
Aliuska	B-PER
Lopez	I-PER
(	O
Cuba	T-0
)	O
12.85	O

3.	O
Aliuska	O
Lopez	O
(	O
Cuba	B-LOC
)	O
12.85	T-0

4.	O
Dionne	B-PER
Rose	I-PER
(	O
Jamaica	T-0
)	O
12.88	O

4.	O
Dionne	T-0
Rose	T-0
(	O
Jamaica	B-LOC
)	O
12.88	T-1

5.	O
Brigita	B-PER
Bukovec	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O
12.95	T-0

5.	O
Brigita	T-0
Bukovec	T-0
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
12.95	O

6.	O
Yulia	B-PER
Graudin	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O
12.96	T-1

6.	O
Yulia	T-0
Graudin	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
12.96	O

7.	O
Julie	B-PER
Baumann	I-PER
(	O
Switzerland	T-0
)	O
13.36	O

8.	O
Patricia	B-PER
Girard-Leno	I-PER
(	O
France	T-0
)	O
13.36	O

9.	O
Dawn	B-PER
Bowles	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
13.53	O

9.	O
Dawn	T-0
Bowles	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
13.53	O

1.	O
Allen	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
12.92	T-1
seconds	O

1.	O
Allen	T-0
Johnson	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
12.92	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Colin	B-PER
Jackson	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-0
)	O
13.24	T-1

2.	O
Colin	T-0
Jackson	T-1
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
13.24	O

3.	O
Emilio	B-PER
Valle	I-PER
(	O
Cuba	O
)	O
13.33	T-0

4.	O
Sven	B-PER
Pieters	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-1
)	O
13.37	T-0

4.	O
Sven	T-0
Pieters	T-0
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
13.37	O

6.	O
Frank	B-PER
Asselman	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
13.64	O

7.	O
Hubert	B-PER
Grossard	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
13.65	T-1

7.	O
Hubert	T-0
Grossard	T-0
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
13.65	O

8.	O
Jonathan	B-PER
N'Senga	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
13.66	T-0

9.	O
Johan	B-PER
Lisabeth	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
13.75	O

9.	O
Johan	O
Lisabeth	T-0
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
13.75	T-0

1.	O
Roberta	B-PER
Brunet	I-PER
(	O
Italy	O
)	O
14	O
minutes	O
48.96	O
seconds	T-0

1.	O
Roberta	T-0
Brunet	T-0
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
14	O
minutes	O
48.96	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Fernanda	B-PER
Ribeiro	I-PER
(	O
Portugal	O
)	O
14:49.81	T-0

3.	O
Sally	B-PER
Barsosio	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
14:58.29	O

3.	O
Sally	O
Barsosio	O
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
14:58.29	T-0

5.	O
Julia	B-PER
Vaquero	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
15:04.94	T-1

6.	O
Catherine	B-PER
McKiernan	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	T-0
)	O
15:07.57	O

7.	O
Annette	B-PER
Peters	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
15:07.85	T-0

7.	O
Annette	T-0
Peters	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
15:07.85	O

8.	O
Pauline	B-PER
Konga	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-1
)	O
15:11.40	T-0

8.	O
Pauline	T-0
Konga	O
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
15:11.40	T-1

1.	O
Dennis	O
Mitchell	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
10.03	T-0
seconds	O

2.	O
Donovan	T-0
Bailey	T-0
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
10.09	O

3.	O
Carl	T-0
Lewis	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
10.10	O

4.	O
Ato	B-PER
Boldon	I-PER
(	O
Trinidad	T-0
)	O
10.12	O

4.	O
Ato	T-1
Boldon	T-1
(	O
Trinidad	B-LOC
)	O
10.12	T-0

5.	O
Linford	T-0
Christie	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
10.14	O

7.	O
Jon	B-PER
Drummond	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
10.16	O

7.	O
Jon	T-0
Drummond	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
10.16	O

8.	O
Bruny	B-PER
Surin	I-PER
(	O
Canada	T-0
)	O
10.30	O

8.	O
Bruny	T-0
Surin	T-0
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
10.30	O

1.	O
Derrick	B-PER
Adkins	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
47.93	O
seconds	T-0

2.	O
Samuel	B-PER
Matete	I-PER
(	O
Zambia	T-0
)	O
47.99	O

2.	O
Samuel	O
Matete	O
(	O
Zambia	B-LOC
)	O
47.99	T-0

3.	O
Rohan	B-PER
Robinson	I-PER
(	T-0
Australia	T-0
)	T-0
48.86	O

3.	O
Rohan	O
Robinson	O
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
48.86	T-0

4.	O
Torrance	B-PER
Zellner	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	O
)	O
49.06	T-0

4.	O
Torrance	T-0
Zellner	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
49.06	T-1

5.	O
Jean-Paul	B-PER
Bruwier	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
49.24	O

5.	O
Jean-Paul	T-0
Bruwier	T-0
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
49.24	O

6.	O
Dusan	T-0
Kovacs	T-0
(	O
Hungary	B-LOC
)	O
49.31	O

7.	O
Calvin	B-PER
Davis	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
49.49	O

7.	O
Calvin	T-0
Davis	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
49.49	O

8.	O
Laurent	B-PER
Ottoz	I-PER
(	O
Italy	T-0
)	O
49.61	O

8.	O
Laurent	T-0
Ottoz	T-0
(	O
Italy	B-LOC
)	O
49.61	O

9.	O
Marc	B-PER
Dollendorf	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-1
)	O
50.36	O

9.	O
Marc	T-1
Dollendorf	T-1
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
50.36	T-0

1.	O
Gail	B-PER
Devers	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
10.84	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Gail	T-0
Devers	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
10.84	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Gwen	B-PER
Torrence	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
11.00	O

2.	O
Gwen	T-0
Torrence	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
11.00	O

3.	O
Merlene	B-PER
Ottey	I-PER
(	O
Jamaica	T-0
)	O
11.04	O

3.	O
Merlene	T-1
Ottey	T-1
(	O
Jamaica	B-LOC
)	O
11.04	T-0

4.	O
Mary	B-PER
Onyali	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	T-0
)	O
11.09	O

4.	O
Mary	T-1
Onyali	T-1
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
11.09	O

5.	O
Chryste	T-0
Gaines	O
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
11.18	O

6.	O
Zhanna	B-PER
Pintusevich	I-PER
(	O
Ukraine	T-0
)	O
11.27	O

6.	O
Zhanna	T-0
Pintusevich	T-0
(	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
)	O
11.27	O

7.	O
Irina	B-PER
Privalova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O
11.28	O

7.	O
Irina	O
Privalova	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
11.28	O

8.	O
Natalia	B-PER
Voronova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-1
)	O
11.28	T-0

9.	O
Juliet	B-PER
Cuthbert	I-PER
(	O
Jamaica	T-0
)	O
11.31	O

9.	O
Juliet	T-0
Cuthbert	T-0
(	O
Jamaica	B-LOC
)	O
11.31	O

1.	O
Regina	B-PER
Jacobs	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
4	O
minutes	O
01.77	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Regina	T-0
Jacobs	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
4	O
minutes	O
01.77	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Patricia	B-PER
Djate	I-PER
(	O
France	O
)	O
4:02.26	T-0

3.	O
Carla	B-PER
Sacramento	I-PER
(	O
Portugal	T-0
)	O
4:02.67	T-1

3.	O
Carla	T-1
Sacramento	T-1
(	O
Portugal	B-LOC
)	O
4:02.67	T-0

5.	O
Margret	B-PER
Crowley	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
4:05.00	O

6.	O
Leah	O
Pells	O
(	O
Canada	B-LOC
)	O
4:05.64	T-0

7.	O
Sarah	B-PER
Thorsett	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
4:06.80	T-1

7.	O
Sarah	T-0
Thorsett	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
4:06.80	T-1

8.	O
Sinead	B-PER
Delahunty	I-PER
(	O
Ireland	T-0
)	O
4:07.27	T-1

1.	O
Joseph	B-PER
Keter	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
8	O
minutes	O
10.02	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Patrick	T-0
Sang	T-0
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:12.04	O

3.	O
Moses	T-0
Kiptanui	T-0
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:12.65	O

4.	O
Gideon	B-PER
Chirchir	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
8:15.69	O

4.	O
Gideon	T-0
Chirchir	T-0
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:15.69	O

5.	O
Richard	B-PER
Kosgei	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	O
)	O
8:16.80	T-0

5.	O
Richard	T-0
Kosgei	O
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:16.80	O

6.	O
Larbi	T-0
El	T-0
Khattabi	T-0
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
8:17.29	O

7.	O
Eliud	B-PER
Barngetuny	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
8:17.66	T-1

7.	O
Eliud	T-0
Barngetuny	T-0
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
8:17.66	O

8.	O
Bernard	B-PER
Barmasai	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
8:17.94	O

1.	O
Michael	B-PER
Johnson	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
44.29	T-1
seconds	T-1

2.	O
Derek	B-PER
Mills	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
44.78	O

2.	O
Derek	T-0
Mills	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
44.78	O

3.	O
Anthuan	B-PER
Maybank	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
44.92	O

3.	O
Anthuan	T-0
Maybank	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
44.92	O

4.	O
Davis	B-PER
Kamoga	I-PER
(	O
Uganda	T-0
)	O
44.96	T-1

4.	O
Davis	O
Kamoga	O
(	O
Uganda	B-LOC
)	O
44.96	T-0

5.	O
Jamie	T-0
Baulch	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
45.08	O

6.	O
Sunday	B-PER
Bada	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	T-0
)	O
45.21	O

6.	O
Sunday	T-0
Bada	T-0
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
45.21	O

7.	O
Samson	B-PER
Kitur	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
45.34	O

8.	O
Mark	B-PER
Richardson	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-0
)	T-0
45.67	T-0

8.	O
Mark	T-0
Richardson	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
45.67	O

9.	O
Jason	B-PER
Rouser	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
46.11	T-0

9.	O
Jason	T-0
Rouser	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
46.11	O

1.	O
Frankie	B-PER
Fredericks	I-PER
(	O
Namibia	T-1
)	O
19.92	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Frankie	T-0
Fredericks	T-0
(	O
Namibia	B-LOC
)	O
19.92	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Ato	B-PER
Boldon	I-PER
(	O
Trinidad	T-0
)	O
19.99	O

2.	O
Ato	T-0
Boldon	T-0
(	O
Trinidad	B-LOC
)	O
19.99	O

3.	O
Jeff	B-PER
Williams	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
20.21	O

3.	O
Jeff	T-1
Williams	T-1
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
20.21	T-0

4.	O
Jon	T-0
Drummond	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
20.42	O

5.	O
Patrick	T-0
Stevens	T-0
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
20.42	O

6.	O
Michael	B-PER
Marsh	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
20.43	O

6.	O
Michael	T-0
Marsh	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
20.43	O

8.	O
Eric	B-PER
Wymeersch	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-1
)	O
20.84	O

8.	O
Eric	T-0
Wymeersch	T-2
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
20.84	T-1

1.	O
Svetlana	B-PER
Masterkova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O
2	O
minutes	O
28.98	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Svetlana	T-0
Masterkova	O
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
2	O
minutes	T-1
28.98	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Maria	B-PER
Mutola	I-PER
(	O
Mozambique	T-1
)	O
2:29.66	T-0

3.	O
Malgorzata	B-PER
Rydz	I-PER
(	O
Poland	T-0
)	O
2:39.00	O

3.	O
Malgorzata	T-0
Rydz	O
(	O
Poland	B-LOC
)	O
2:39.00	O

4.	O
Anja	O
Smolders	O
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
2:43.06	T-0

5.	O
Veerle	B-PER
De	I-PER
Jaeghere	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
2:43.18	O

5.	O
Veerle	T-0
De	T-0
Jaeghere	T-0
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
2:43.18	O

6.	O
Eleonora	B-PER
Berlanda	I-PER
(	O
Italy	T-0
)	O
2:43.44	O

7.	O
Anneke	B-PER
Matthijs	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
2:43.82	O

7.	O
Anneke	T-1
Matthijs	T-2
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
2:43.82	O

8.	O
Jacqueline	T-0
Martin	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
2:44.22	O

1.	O
Mary	B-PER
Onyali	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	T-0
)	O
22.42	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Mary	T-0
Onyali	T-0
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
22.42	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Inger	B-PER
Miller	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
22.66	O

2.	O
Inger	T-0
Miller	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
22.66	T-1

3.	O
Irina	B-PER
Privalova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O
22.68	O

3.	O
Irina	T-0
Privalova	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
22.68	O

4.	O
Natalia	B-PER
Voronova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-1
)	O
22.73	T-0

4.	O
Natalia	T-0
Voronova	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
22.73	O

5.	O
Marina	B-PER
Trandenkova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-2
)	O
22.84	T-1

6.	O
Chandra	B-PER
Sturrup	I-PER
(	O
Bahamas	T-0
)	O
22.85	T-1

6.	O
Chandra	T-0
Sturrup	T-0
(	O
Bahamas	B-LOC
)	O
22.85	T-1

7.	O
Zundra	B-PER
Feagin	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
23.18	T-1

7.	O
Zundra	T-1
Feagin	T-1
(	T-0
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
23.18	O

8.	O
Galina	B-PER
Malchugina	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O
23.25	T-1

8.	O
Galina	T-0
Malchugina	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
23.25	O

1.	O
Cathy	B-PER
Freeman	I-PER
(	O
Australia	T-0
)	O
49.48	T-1
seconds	O

1.	O
Cathy	T-0
Freeman	T-0
(	O
Australia	B-LOC
)	O
49.48	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Marie-Jose	B-PER
Perec	I-PER
(	O
France	T-0
)	O
49.72	O

2.	O
Marie-Jose	T-0
Perec	T-0
(	O
France	B-LOC
)	O
49.72	O

3.	O
Falilat	B-PER
Ogunkoya	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	O
)	O
49.97	T-0

3.	O
Falilat	T-1
Ogunkoya	T-2
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
49.97	T-0

4.	O
Pauline	B-PER
Davis	I-PER
(	O
Bahamas	T-0
)	O
50.14	O

5.	O
Fatima	B-PER
Yussuf	I-PER
(	O
Nigeria	T-0
)	O
50.14	O

5.	O
Fatima	T-0
Yussuf	T-0
(	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
)	O
50.14	T-1

6.	O
Maicel	B-PER
Malone	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
50.51	T-1

6.	O
Maicel	O
Malone	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
50.51	T-1

7.	O
Hana	B-PER
Benesova	I-PER
(	O
Czech	T-0
Republic	T-0
)	O
51.71	O

7.	O
Hana	T-0
Benesova	T-1
(	O
Czech	B-LOC
Republic	I-LOC
)	O
51.71	O

8.	O
Ann	B-PER
Mercken	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
53.55	O

1.	O
Daniel	B-PER
Komen	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
7	O
minutes	O
25.87	O
seconds	O

2.	O
Khalid	T-1
Boulami	T-1
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
7:31.65	O

3.	O
Bob	B-PER
Kennedy	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
7:31.69	T-1

3.	O
Bob	T-0
Kennedy	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
7:31.69	O

4.	O
El	B-PER
Hassane	I-PER
Lahssini	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	T-0
)	O
7:32.44	O

4.	O
El	T-0
Hassane	T-0
Lahssini	T-0
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
7:32.44	O

5.	O
Thomas	B-PER
Nyariki	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
7:35.56	O

5.	O
Thomas	O
Nyariki	O
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
7:35.56	T-0

6.	O
Noureddine	O
Morceli	T-0
(	O
Algeria	B-LOC
)	O
7:36.81	T-1

7.	O
Fita	B-PER
Bayesa	I-PER
(	O
Ethiopia	T-0
)	O
7:38.09	O

8.	O
Martin	B-PER
Keino	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
7:38.88	O

1.	O
Lars	T-0
Riedel	T-0
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
66.74	O
metres	O

2.	O
Anthony	B-PER
Washington	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
66.72	T-1

2.	O
Anthony	O
Washington	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
66.72	O

3.	O
Vladimir	B-PER
Dubrovshchik	I-PER
(	O
Belarus	T-0
)	O
64.02	O

3.	O
Vladimir	T-0
Dubrovshchik	T-0
(	O
Belarus	B-LOC
)	O
64.02	O

4.	O
Virgilius	B-PER
Alekna	I-PER
(	O
Lithuania	T-0
)	O
63.62	O

5.	O
Juergen	B-PER
Schult	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
63.48	O

5.	O
Juergen	T-0
Schult	T-0
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
63.48	O

7.	O
Vaclavas	B-PER
Kidikas	I-PER
(	O
Lithuania	O
)	O
60.92	T-0

7.	O
Vaclavas	T-1
Kidikas	O
(	O
Lithuania	B-LOC
)	O
60.92	T-0

1.	O
Jonathan	T-1
Edwards	T-1
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
17.50	T-0
metres	T-0

2.	O
Yoelvis	B-PER
Quesada	I-PER
(	O
Cuba	O
)	O
17.29	T-0

3.	O
Brian	B-PER
Wellman	I-PER
(	O
Bermuda	T-0
)	O
17.05	O

3.	O
Brian	T-0
Wellman	T-0
(	O
Bermuda	B-LOC
)	O
17.05	T-1

4.	O
Kenny	B-PER
Harrison	I-PER
(	O
U.S.	T-0
)	O
16.97	O

4.	O
Kenny	T-0
Harrison	T-0
(	O
U.S.	B-LOC
)	O
16.97	O

5.	O
Gennadi	T-0
Markov	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
16.66	O

6.	O
Francis	B-PER
Agyepong	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-0
)	O
16.63	O

6.	O
Francis	O
Agyepong	T-0
(	O
Britain	B-LOC
)	O
16.63	O

7.	O
Rogel	B-PER
Nachum	I-PER
(	O
Israel	T-1
)	O
16.36	O

7.	O
Rogel	T-0
Nachum	T-0
(	O
Israel	B-LOC
)	O
16.36	O

8.	O
Sigurd	B-PER
Njerve	I-PER
(	O
Norway	T-0
)	O
16.35	O

1.	O
Hicham	B-PER
El	I-PER
Guerrouj	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	O
)	O
three	T-0
minutes	O
29.05	O
seconds	O

1.	O
Hicham	T-0
El	T-0
Guerrouj	T-0
(	O
Morocco	B-LOC
)	O
three	O
minutes	O
29.05	O
seconds	O

3.	O
William	B-PER
Tanui	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
3:33.36	T-0

3.	O
William	T-0
Tanui	T-0
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
3:33.36	O

4.	O
Elijah	B-PER
Maru	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
3:33.64	O

4.	O
Elijah	T-0
Maru	T-0
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
3:33.64	O

5.	O
Marcus	T-1
O'Sullivan	O
(	O
Ireland	B-LOC
)	O
3:33.77	T-0

6.	O
John	B-PER
Mayock	I-PER
(	O
Britain	T-0
)	O
3:33.94	T-1

8.	O
Christophe	B-PER
Impens	I-PER
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
3:34.13	O

1.	O
Stefka	T-0
Kostadinova	T-0
(	O
Bulgaria	B-LOC
)	O
2.03	O
metres	O

2.	O
Inga	B-PER
Babakova	I-PER
(	O
Ukraine	T-0
)	O
2.03	O

2.	O
Inga	O
Babakova	T-0
(	O
Ukraine	B-LOC
)	O
2.03	O

3.	O
Alina	B-PER
Astafei	I-PER
(	O
Germany	T-0
)	O
1.97	O

3.	O
Alina	T-0
Astafei	T-0
(	O
Germany	B-LOC
)	O
1.97	O

4.	O
Tatyana	B-PER
Motkova	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O
1.94	O

6.	O
Yelena	B-PER
Gulyayeva	I-PER
(	O
Russia	T-0
)	O
1.88	O

6.	O
Yelena	T-0
Gulyayeva	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
1.88	O

7.	O
Hanna	B-PER
Haugland	I-PER
(	O
Norway	T-0
)	O
1.88	T-1

Olga	B-PER
Boshova	I-PER
(	O
Moldova	T-0
)	O
1.85	O

1.	O
Salah	B-PER
Hissou	I-PER
(	O
Morocco	T-0
)	O
26	O
minutes	O
38.08	O
seconds	O
(	O
world	O

2.	O
Paul	B-PER
Tergat	I-PER
(	O
Kenya	T-0
)	O
26:54.41	O

2.	O
Paul	T-0
Tergat	T-0
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
26:54.41	O

3.	O
Paul	T-1
Koech	T-1
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
26:56.78	T-0

4.	O
William	T-0
Kiptum	T-0
(	O
Kenya	B-LOC
)	O
27:18.84	O

6.	O
Mathias	B-PER
Ntawulikura	I-PER
(	O
Rwanda	T-0
)	O
27:25.48	O

6.	O
Mathias	T-0
Ntawulikura	T-0
(	O
Rwanda	B-LOC
)	O
27:25.48	O

7.	O
Abel	B-PER
Anton	I-PER
(	O
Spain	T-0
)	O
28:18.44	T-1

7.	O
Abel	T-0
Anton	T-0
(	O
Spain	B-LOC
)	O
28:18.44	O

8.	O
Kamiel	B-PER
Maase	I-PER
(	O
Netherlands	T-0
)	O
28.29.42	T-1

8.	O
Kamiel	O
Maase	O
(	O
Netherlands	B-LOC
)	O
28.29.42	T-0

9.	O
Worku	B-PER
Bekila	I-PER
(	O
Ethiopia	T-0
)	O
28.42.23	O

9.	O
Worku	T-0
Bekila	T-0
(	O
Ethiopia	B-LOC
)	O
28.42.23	O

10.	O
Robert	B-PER
Stefko	I-PER
(	O
Slovakia	T-0
)	O
28:42.26	O

10.	O
Robert	O
Stefko	O
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O
28:42.26	T-0

SOCCER	T-1
-	O
JORGE	B-PER
CALLS	T-0
UP	O
SIX	O
PORTO	O
PLAYERS	O
FOR	O
WORLD	O
CUP	O
QUALIFIER	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
JORGE	O
CALLS	T-1
UP	T-1
SIX	O
PORTO	B-ORG
PLAYERS	O
FOR	O
WORLD	O
CUP	T-0
QUALIFIER	O
.	O

SOCCER	T-1
-	O
JORGE	O
CALLS	O
UP	O
SIX	O
PORTO	O
PLAYERS	O
FOR	T-0
WORLD	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
QUALIFIER	T-2
.	O

Portugal	B-LOC
's	T-2
new	O
coach	T-0
Artur	O
Jorge	O
called	O
up	O
six	O
players	O
from	O
league	T-1
champions	O
Porto	O
on	O
Friday	O
in	O
an	O
18-man	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
World	O
Cup	O
qualifier	O
against	O
Armenia	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Portugal	O
's	O
new	O
coach	T-2
Artur	B-PER
Jorge	I-PER
called	O
up	O
six	O
players	O
from	O
league	O
champions	T-0
Porto	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
in	O
an	O
18-man	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
World	T-1
Cup	T-1
qualifier	O
against	O
Armenia	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Portugal	T-0
's	O
new	O
coach	O
Artur	T-1
Jorge	T-1
called	O
up	O
six	O
players	O
from	O
league	T-3
champions	T-3
Porto	B-ORG
on	O
Friday	O
in	O
an	O
18-man	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
World	O
Cup	T-2
qualifier	O
against	O
Armenia	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Portugal	T-1
's	O
new	O
coach	O
Artur	T-2
Jorge	T-2
called	O
up	O
six	O
players	O
from	O
league	T-0
champions	T-0
Porto	T-3
on	O
Friday	O
in	O
an	O
18-man	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
qualifier	O
against	O
Armenia	T-4
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Portugal	T-0
's	O
new	O
coach	T-2
Artur	O
Jorge	O
called	O
up	O
six	O
players	O
from	O
league	O
champions	O
Porto	T-1
on	O
Friday	O
in	O
an	O
18-man	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
opening	O
World	T-3
Cup	T-3
qualifier	O
against	O
Armenia	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
31	O
.	O

Midfielder	T-0
Paulo	B-PER
Sousa	I-PER
,	O
recently	O
transferred	T-1
to	O
Borussia	O
Dortmund	O
from	O
Italy	O
's	O
Juventus	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
leading	T-2
member	O
of	O
the	O
Portuguese	O
side	O
from	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
European	O
championships	T-3
who	O
will	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
trip	O
.	O

Midfielder	O
Paulo	T-0
Sousa	T-0
,	O
recently	O
transferred	T-1
to	T-2
Borussia	B-ORG
Dortmund	I-ORG
from	O
Italy	O
's	O
Juventus	T-3
,	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
leading	O
member	O
of	O
the	O
Portuguese	O
side	O
from	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
European	O
championships	O
who	O
will	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
trip	O
.	O

Midfielder	T-3
Paulo	T-3
Sousa	T-3
,	O
recently	T-1
transferred	T-1
to	O
Borussia	T-4
Dortmund	T-4
from	T-0
Italy	B-LOC
's	O
Juventus	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
leading	T-2
member	T-2
of	O
the	O
Portuguese	T-5
side	O
from	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
European	O
championships	O
who	O
will	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
trip	O
.	O

Midfielder	T-1
Paulo	T-1
Sousa	T-1
,	O
recently	O
transferred	T-3
to	O
Borussia	O
Dortmund	O
from	T-2
Italy	T-2
's	T-2
Juventus	B-ORG
,	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
leading	O
member	O
of	O
the	O
Portuguese	O
side	O
from	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
European	O
championships	O
who	O
will	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
trip	O
.	O

Midfielder	T-1
Paulo	T-1
Sousa	T-1
,	O
recently	O
transferred	O
to	O
Borussia	O
Dortmund	O
from	O
Italy	O
's	O
Juventus	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
leading	O
member	T-0
of	T-3
the	T-3
Portuguese	B-MISC
side	O
from	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
European	T-2
championships	T-2
who	O
will	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
trip	O
.	O

Midfielder	T-1
Paulo	T-1
Sousa	T-1
,	O
recently	O
transferred	T-5
to	O
Borussia	T-2
Dortmund	T-2
from	O
Italy	T-3
's	O
Juventus	T-4
,	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
leading	O
member	T-6
of	O
the	O
Portuguese	O
side	O
from	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
European	B-MISC
championships	T-0
who	O
will	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
trip	O
.	O

It	O
will	O
be	O
Jorge	B-PER
's	O
first	O
game	O
in	O
charge	T-2
of	O
the	O
national	T-0
squad	T-0
since	O
taking	T-1
over	T-1
from	O
Antonio	T-3
Oliveira	T-3
,	O
who	O
now	O
coaches	O
Porto	T-4
,	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
Euro	T-5
96	T-5
.	O

It	O
will	O
be	O
Jorge	T-2
's	O
first	O
game	O
in	O
charge	O
of	O
the	O
national	O
squad	O
since	O
taking	T-0
over	O
from	O
Antonio	B-PER
Oliveira	I-PER
,	O
who	O
now	O
coaches	T-1
Porto	T-1
,	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
Euro	O
96	O
.	O

It	O
will	O
be	O
Jorge	T-0
's	T-0
first	O
game	O
in	O
charge	O
of	O
the	O
national	O
squad	O
since	O
taking	O
over	O
from	O
Antonio	T-1
Oliveira	T-1
,	O
who	O
now	O
coaches	T-2
Porto	B-ORG
,	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
Euro	O
96	O
.	O

It	O
will	O
be	O
Jorge	O
's	O
first	T-1
game	T-1
in	O
charge	O
of	O
the	O
national	O
squad	O
since	O
taking	O
over	O
from	O
Antonio	O
Oliveira	O
,	O
who	O
now	O
coaches	T-2
Porto	T-0
,	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
Euro	B-MISC
96	I-MISC
.	O

Goalkeepers	O
-	O
Vitor	B-PER
Baia	I-PER
,	O
Rui	T-0
Correia	T-0
.	O

Goalkeepers	T-0
-	O
Vitor	T-1
Baia	T-1
,	O
Rui	B-PER
Correia	I-PER
.	O

Defenders	O
-	O
Jorge	T-0
Costa	T-0
,	O
Paulinho	B-PER
Santos	I-PER
,	O
Helder	T-1
Cristovao	T-1
,	O
Carlos	O
Secretario	O
,	O
Dimas	O
Teixeira	O
,	O
Fernando	O
Couto	O
.	O

Defenders	T-0
-	O
Jorge	T-1
Costa	T-1
,	O
Paulinho	T-2
Santos	T-2
,	O
Helder	B-PER
Cristovao	I-PER
,	O
Carlos	T-3
Secretario	T-3
,	O
Dimas	T-4
Teixeira	T-4
,	O
Fernando	T-5
Couto	T-5
.	T-5

Defenders	T-0
-	O
Jorge	T-1
Costa	T-1
,	O
Paulinho	T-2
Santos	T-2
,	O
Helder	T-3
Cristovao	T-3
,	O
Carlos	B-PER
Secretario	I-PER
,	O
Dimas	O
Teixeira	O
,	O
Fernando	O
Couto	O
.	O

Defenders	T-0
-	O
Jorge	O
Costa	O
,	O
Paulinho	O
Santos	O
,	O
Helder	O
Cristovao	O
,	O
Carlos	O
Secretario	O
,	O
Dimas	B-PER
Teixeira	I-PER
,	O
Fernando	T-1
Couto	O
.	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Jose	B-PER
Barroso	I-PER
,	O
Luis	T-0
Figo	T-0
,	O
Rui	T-1
Barros	T-1
,	O
Rui	O
Costa	T-2
,	O
Oceano	T-3
Cruz	O
,	O
Ricardo	O
Sa	O
Pinto	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Jose	T-1
Barroso	T-1
,	O
Luis	B-PER
Figo	I-PER
,	O
Rui	O
Barros	O
,	O
Rui	O
Costa	O
,	O
Oceano	O
Cruz	O
,	O
Ricardo	O
Sa	O
Pinto	O
.	O

Midfielders	T-2
-	O
Jose	T-0
Barroso	T-1
,	O
Luis	O
Figo	O
,	O
Rui	B-PER
Barros	I-PER
,	O
Rui	O
Costa	O
,	O
Oceano	O
Cruz	O
,	O
Ricardo	O
Sa	O
Pinto	O
.	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Jose	O
Barroso	O
,	O
Luis	O
Figo	O
,	O
Rui	O
Barros	O
,	O
Rui	T-0
Costa	T-0
,	O
Oceano	B-PER
Cruz	I-PER
,	O
Ricardo	T-1
Sa	T-1
Pinto	T-1
.	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Jose	O
Barroso	O
,	O
Luis	O
Figo	O
,	O
Rui	O
Barros	O
,	O
Rui	O
Costa	O
,	O
Oceano	O
Cruz	O
,	O
Ricardo	B-PER
Sa	I-PER
Pinto	I-PER
.	O

Forwards	T-0
-	O
Domingos	B-PER
Oliveira	I-PER
,	O
Joao	T-1
Vieira	T-1
Pinto	T-1
,	O
Jorge	T-2
Cadete	T-2
,	O
Antonio	T-3
Folha	T-3
.	O

Forwards	T-1
-	O
Domingos	T-0
Oliveira	T-0
,	O
Joao	O
Vieira	O
Pinto	O
,	O
Jorge	B-PER
Cadete	I-PER
,	O
Antonio	O
Folha	O
.	O

Forwards	T-0
-	O
Domingos	T-1
Oliveira	T-1
,	O
Joao	T-2
Vieira	T-2
Pinto	T-2
,	O
Jorge	O
Cadete	O
,	O
Antonio	B-PER
Folha	I-PER
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
VOGTS	B-PER
KEEPS	T-1
FAITH	T-0
WITH	T-2
EURO	T-2
'	T-2
96	T-2
CHAMPIONS	T-2
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
VOGTS	T-0
KEEPS	T-0
FAITH	T-0
WITH	T-0
EURO	B-MISC
'	I-MISC
96	I-MISC
CHAMPIONS	O
.	O

Trainer	T-3
Berti	B-PER
Vogts	I-PER
kept	O
faith	O
with	O
his	O
entire	O
European	T-2
championship	T-2
winning	O
squad	O
for	O
Germany	T-1
's	O
first	O
match	O
since	O
their	O
title	O
victory	O
,	O
a	O
friendly	O
in	O
Poland	O
.	O

Trainer	O
Berti	O
Vogts	O
kept	T-0
faith	O
with	O
his	O
entire	O
European	B-MISC
championship	O
winning	T-1
squad	O
for	O
Germany	O
's	O
first	T-3
match	T-3
since	O
their	O
title	O
victory	T-2
,	O
a	O
friendly	O
in	O
Poland	O
.	O

Trainer	O
Berti	O
Vogts	O
kept	O
faith	O
with	O
his	O
entire	T-0
European	O
championship	T-1
winning	O
squad	O
for	O
Germany	B-LOC
's	O
first	O
match	O
since	O
their	O
title	O
victory	O
,	O
a	O
friendly	O
in	O
Poland	O
.	O

Trainer	T-1
Berti	T-1
Vogts	T-1
kept	O
faith	O
with	O
his	O
entire	O
European	T-2
championship	O
winning	O
squad	T-4
for	O
Germany	O
's	O
first	O
match	O
since	O
their	O
title	O
victory	T-3
,	O
a	O
friendly	O
in	T-0
Poland	B-LOC
.	O

Vogts	B-PER
picked	O
no	O
new	O
players	T-0
for	O
the	O
squad	T-1
for	O
the	O
September	O
4	T-2
game	T-2
in	O
Zabrze	O
.	O

Vogts	O
picked	O
no	O
new	O
players	O
for	O
the	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
September	T-0
4	O
game	O
in	O
Zabrze	B-LOC
.	O

Instead	O
on	O
Friday	T-1
he	O
nominated	O
all	O
23	O
Euro	B-MISC
'	I-MISC
96	I-MISC
veterans	T-2
including	T-0
Bremen	O
's	O
Jens	O
Todt	O
,	O
called	O
up	O
before	O
the	O
final	O
by	O
special	O
UEFA	O
dispensation	O
.	O

Instead	O
on	O
Friday	O
he	O
nominated	O
all	O
23	T-0
Euro	T-0
'	T-0
96	T-0
veterans	O
including	T-2
Bremen	B-ORG
's	T-1
Jens	T-1
Todt	T-1
,	O
called	O
up	O
before	O
the	O
final	O
by	O
special	O
UEFA	T-3
dispensation	T-3
.	O

Instead	O
on	O
Friday	O
he	O
nominated	O
all	O
23	O
Euro	O
'	O
96	O
veterans	O
including	T-1
Bremen	T-2
's	T-2
Jens	B-PER
Todt	I-PER
,	O
called	T-0
up	O
before	O
the	O
final	O
by	O
special	T-3
UEFA	T-3
dispensation	T-3
.	O

Instead	O
on	O
Friday	O
he	O
nominated	T-0
all	O
23	O
Euro	O
'	O
96	O
veterans	O
including	O
Bremen	O
's	O
Jens	O
Todt	O
,	O
called	O
up	O
before	O
the	O
final	O
by	O
special	T-1
UEFA	B-ORG
dispensation	T-2
.	O

He	O
will	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
have	O
to	O
do	O
without	O
the	O
Dortmund	B-ORG
trio	T-1
of	T-1
libero	T-2
Matthias	T-2
Sammer	T-2
,	O
midfielder	T-0
Steffen	O
Freund	O
and	O
defender	T-3
Rene	T-3
Schneider	T-3
,	O
who	O
were	O
all	O
formally	O
nominated	O
despite	O
being	O
injured	O
.	O

He	O
will	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
have	O
to	O
do	O
without	O
the	O
Dortmund	O
trio	T-0
of	O
libero	O
Matthias	B-PER
Sammer	I-PER
,	O
midfielder	O
Steffen	T-1
Freund	T-1
and	O
defender	O
Rene	T-2
Schneider	T-2
,	O
who	O
were	O
all	O
formally	O
nominated	O
despite	O
being	O
injured	O
.	O

He	O
will	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
have	O
to	O
do	O
without	O
the	O
Dortmund	O
trio	O
of	O
libero	O
Matthias	T-0
Sammer	T-0
,	O
midfielder	T-1
Steffen	B-PER
Freund	I-PER
and	O
defender	O
Rene	O
Schneider	O
,	O
who	O
were	O
all	O
formally	O
nominated	O
despite	O
being	O
injured	O
.	O

He	O
will	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
have	O
to	O
do	O
without	O
the	O
Dortmund	T-0
trio	O
of	O
libero	O
Matthias	T-1
Sammer	T-1
,	O
midfielder	O
Steffen	T-2
Freund	T-2
and	O
defender	O
Rene	B-PER
Schneider	I-PER
,	O
who	T-3
were	O
all	O
formally	O
nominated	O
despite	O
being	O
injured	O
.	O

"	O
This	O
squad	T-2
is	O
currently	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
my	O
planning	T-1
for	O
the	O
1998	T-0
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
,	O
"	O
Vogts	O
said	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
This	O
squad	T-0
is	O
currently	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
my	O
planning	O
for	O
the	O
1998	O
World	T-1
Cup	T-1
,	O
"	O
Vogts	B-PER
said	T-2
.	O
"	O

Goalkeepers	O
-	O
Oliver	B-PER
Kahn	I-PER
,	O
Andreas	T-0
Koepke	T-0
,	O
Oliver	O
Reck	O

Goalkeepers	T-0
-	O
Oliver	O
Kahn	O
,	O
Andreas	O
Koepke	O
,	O
Oliver	B-PER
Reck	I-PER

Defenders	O
-	O
Markus	B-PER
Babbel	I-PER
,	O
Thomas	T-0
Helmer	T-0
,	O
Juergen	O
Kohler	O
,	O
Stefan	O
Reuter	O
,	O
Matthias	O
Sammer	O
,	O
Rene	O
Schneider	O

Defenders	T-0
-	O
Markus	T-1
Babbel	T-1
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Helmer	I-PER
,	O
Juergen	T-2
Kohler	T-2
,	O
Stefan	T-3
Reuter	T-3
,	O
Matthias	T-4
Sammer	T-4
,	O
Rene	T-5
Schneider	T-5

Defenders	O
-	O
Markus	T-0
Babbel	T-0
,	O
Thomas	T-1
Helmer	T-1
,	O
Juergen	T-2
Kohler	T-2
,	O
Stefan	B-PER
Reuter	I-PER
,	O
Matthias	T-3
Sammer	T-3
,	O
Rene	T-4
Schneider	T-4

Defenders	T-0
-	O
Markus	O
Babbel	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Helmer	O
,	O
Juergen	O
Kohler	O
,	O
Stefan	O
Reuter	O
,	O
Matthias	B-PER
Sammer	I-PER
,	O
Rene	T-1
Schneider	T-1

Defenders	O
-	O
Markus	T-3
Babbel	T-3
,	O
Thomas	O
Helmer	T-0
,	O
Juergen	T-1
Kohler	T-1
,	O
Stefan	T-2
Reuter	T-2
,	O
Matthias	O
Sammer	O
,	O
Rene	B-PER
Schneider	I-PER

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Mario	B-PER
Basler	I-PER
,	O
Marco	T-5
Bode	T-5
,	O
Dieter	T-6
Eilts	T-6
,	O
Steffen	T-1
Freund	T-1
,	O
Thomas	T-7
Haessler	T-7
,	O
Andreas	T-8
Moeller	T-8
,	O
Mehmet	T-2
Scholl	T-2
,	O
Thomas	T-3
Strunz	T-3
,	O
Jens	T-4
Todt	T-4
,	O
Christian	T-9
Ziege	T-9

Midfielders	O
-	O
Mario	T-0
Basler	T-0
,	O
Marco	B-PER
Bode	I-PER
,	O
Dieter	O
Eilts	O
,	O
Steffen	O
Freund	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Haessler	O
,	O
Andreas	O
Moeller	O
,	O
Mehmet	O
Scholl	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Strunz	O
,	O
Jens	O
Todt	O
,	O
Christian	O
Ziege	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Mario	T-0
Basler	T-0
,	O
Marco	T-1
Bode	T-1
,	O
Dieter	B-PER
Eilts	I-PER
,	O
Steffen	T-2
Freund	T-2
,	O
Thomas	O
Haessler	O
,	O
Andreas	O
Moeller	O
,	O
Mehmet	O
Scholl	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Strunz	O
,	O
Jens	O
Todt	O
,	O
Christian	O
Ziege	O

Midfielders	T-2
-	O
Mario	O
Basler	O
,	O
Marco	O
Bode	O
,	O
Dieter	T-0
Eilts	T-0
,	O
Steffen	B-PER
Freund	I-PER
,	O
Thomas	T-1
Haessler	T-1
,	O
Andreas	O
Moeller	O
,	O
Mehmet	O
Scholl	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Strunz	O
,	O
Jens	O
Todt	O
,	O
Christian	O
Ziege	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Mario	O
Basler	O
,	O
Marco	O
Bode	O
,	O
Dieter	O
Eilts	O
,	O
Steffen	T-0
Freund	T-0
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Haessler	I-PER
,	T-1
Andreas	T-1
Moeller	T-1
,	O
Mehmet	O
Scholl	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Strunz	O
,	O
Jens	O
Todt	O
,	O
Christian	O
Ziege	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Mario	O
Basler	O
,	O
Marco	O
Bode	O
,	O
Dieter	O
Eilts	O
,	O
Steffen	O
Freund	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Haessler	O
,	O
Andreas	T-1
Moeller	O
,	O
Mehmet	B-PER
Scholl	I-PER
,	O
Thomas	O
Strunz	O
,	O
Jens	O
Todt	O
,	O
Christian	O
Ziege	T-1

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Mario	O
Basler	O
,	O
Marco	O
Bode	O
,	O
Dieter	O
Eilts	O
,	O
Steffen	O
Freund	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Haessler	O
,	O
Andreas	O
Moeller	O
,	O
Mehmet	O
Scholl	O
,	O
Thomas	B-PER
Strunz	I-PER
,	O
Jens	O
Todt	O
,	O
Christian	O
Ziege	O

Midfielders	T-0
-	O
Mario	T-1
Basler	T-1
,	O
Marco	T-2
Bode	T-2
,	O
Dieter	T-3
Eilts	T-3
,	O
Steffen	O
Freund	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Haessler	O
,	O
Andreas	O
Moeller	O
,	O
Mehmet	O
Scholl	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Strunz	O
,	O
Jens	B-PER
Todt	I-PER
,	O
Christian	O
Ziege	O

Midfielders	O
-	O
Mario	O
Basler	O
,	O
Marco	O
Bode	O
,	O
Dieter	O
Eilts	O
,	O
Steffen	O
Freund	O
,	O
Thomas	O
Haessler	O
,	O
Andreas	O
Moeller	O
,	O
Mehmet	O
Scholl	O
,	O
Thomas	T-0
Strunz	T-0
,	O
Jens	T-1
Todt	T-1
,	O
Christian	B-PER
Ziege	I-PER

Forwards	T-1
-	O
Oliver	B-PER
Bierhoff	I-PER
,	O
Fredi	T-0
Bobic	T-0
,	O
Juergen	O
Klinsmann	O
,	O
Stefan	O
Kuntz	O
.	O

Forwards	T-0
-	O
Oliver	O
Bierhoff	O
,	O
Fredi	B-PER
Bobic	I-PER
,	O
Juergen	T-1
Klinsmann	T-1
,	O
Stefan	T-2
Kuntz	T-2
.	O

Forwards	O
-	O
Oliver	T-0
Bierhoff	T-0
,	O
Fredi	T-1
Bobic	T-1
,	O
Juergen	T-2
Klinsmann	T-2
,	O
Stefan	B-PER
Kuntz	I-PER
.	O

SOCCER	T-1
-	O
EUROPEAN	B-MISC
CUP	I-MISC
DRAWS	T-3
FOR	O
AEK	O
,	O
OLYMPIAKOS	T-2
,	O
PAO	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
EUROPEAN	O
CUP	T-1
DRAWS	T-0
FOR	T-0
AEK	B-ORG
,	O
OLYMPIAKOS	O
,	O
PAO	O
.	O

SOCCER	O
-	O
EUROPEAN	O
CUP	O
DRAWS	O
FOR	O
AEK	O
,	O
OLYMPIAKOS	B-ORG
,	O
PAO	T-0
.	O

SOCCER	T-0
-	O
EUROPEAN	O
CUP	T-1
DRAWS	O
FOR	O
AEK	O
,	O
OLYMPIAKOS	T-2
,	O
PAO	B-ORG
.	O

Following	T-0
are	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
soccer	O

draws	T-0
for	O
the	O
UEFA	B-ORG
cup	T-2
and	O
the	O
cup	O
's	O
winners	O
cup	O
involving	O
Greek	T-1

draws	O
for	O
the	O
UEFA	O
cup	T-0
and	O
the	O
cup	T-1
's	T-1
winners	T-1
cup	O
involving	T-2
Greek	B-MISC

teams	T-0
that	O
took	T-2
place	T-1
today	O
in	O
Geneva	B-LOC
:	O

x-AEK	B-ORG
Athens	I-ORG
(	O
Greece	T-0
)	O
v	O
Chemlon	T-2
Humenne	T-2
(	O
Slovakia	T-1
)	O

x-AEK	O
Athens	O
(	O
Greece	B-LOC
)	O
v	T-0
Chemlon	O
Humenne	O
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	O

x-AEK	O
Athens	T-0
(	O
Greece	O
)	O
v	O
Chemlon	B-ORG
Humenne	I-ORG
(	O
Slovakia	O
)	T-0

x-AEK	O
Athens	T-0
(	O
Greece	O
)	O
v	O
Chemlon	O
Humenne	O
(	O
Slovakia	B-LOC
)	O

x-Olympiakos	B-ORG
v	T-0
Ferencvaros	O
(	O
Hungary	T-1
)	O

x-Olympiakos	O
v	T-1
Ferencvaros	B-ORG
(	O
Hungary	T-0
)	O

x-Olympiakos	O
v	O
Ferencvaros	T-0
(	O
Hungary	B-LOC
)	O

x-PAO	B-ORG
v	O
Legia	T-0
Warsaw	T-0
(	O
Poland	O
)	O

x-PAO	T-0
v	O
Legia	T-1
Warsaw	T-1
(	O
Poland	B-LOC
)	O

--	O
Dimitris	B-PER
Kontogiannis	I-PER
,	O
Athens	T-0
Newsroom	T-0
+301	O
3311812-4	O

--	O
Dimitris	T-0
Kontogiannis	T-0
,	O
Athens	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+301	T-1
3311812-4	T-1

SOCCER	O
-	O
EURO	B-MISC
CLUB	O
COMPETITION	T-0
FIRST	O
ROUND	O
DRAWS	O
.	O

Draws	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
round	O
of	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
club	T-0
soccer	T-2
competitions	T-1
made	O
on	O
Friday	O
(	O
x	O
denotes	O
seeded	O
team	O
)	O
:	O

UEFA	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
Lyngby	T-0
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	T-1
Graz	T-1
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	T-2
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	T-3
Vladikavkaz	T-3
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	O
Cup	O
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	B-LOC
)	O
v	T-0
x-Club	T-0
Brugge	T-0
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	T-1
Cup	T-1
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	B-ORG
Brugge	I-ORG
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	O
Cup	O
Lyngby	T-0
(	T-0
Denmark	T-0
)	T-0
v	T-2
x-Club	O
Brugge	T-1
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	T-1

UEFA	T-0
Cup	T-0
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	B-ORG
Graz	I-ORG
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	T-3
Cup	T-3
Lyngby	T-3
(	O
Denmark	T-0
)	O
v	T-4
x-Club	T-4
Brugge	T-4
(	O
Belgium	T-1
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	B-LOC
)	O
v	T-5
Ekeren	T-5
(	O
Belgium	T-2
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	T-2
Cup	T-2
Lyngby	T-2
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	T-0
Ekeren	B-ORG
(	O
Belgium	T-1
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	O
Cup	O
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	T-0
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	T-0
Cup	T-0
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	B-ORG
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	O
Cup	T-1
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	B-LOC
)	O
v	T-0
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	T-0
Cup	T-0
Lyngby	T-0
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	B-ORG
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	O
Cup	O
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	T-1
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	T-2
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	T-4
(	O
Turkey	T-3
)	O
v	T-5
Molenbeek	T-5
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	O
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	O
Cup	O
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
Alania	B-ORG
Vladikavkaz	I-ORG
(	T-1
Russia	T-1
)	T-1
v	T-1
x-Anderlecht	T-1
(	T-1
Belgium	T-1
)	T-1

UEFA	T-2
Cup	T-2
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	O
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	T-0
Vladikavkaz	T-0
(	O
Russia	B-LOC
)	O
v	T-1
x-Anderlecht	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	T-0
Cup	T-0
Lyngby	O
(	O
Denmark	O
)	O
v	T-1
x-Club	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Casino	O
Graz	O
(	O
Austria	O
)	O
v	T-2
Ekeren	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Besiktas	O
(	O
Turkey	O
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
Alania	O
Vladikavkaz	O
(	O
Russia	O
)	O
v	T-3
x-Anderlecht	B-ORG
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O

UEFA	T-3
Cup	T-3
Lyngby	T-16
(	O
Denmark	T-4
)	O
v	T-11
x-Club	T-11
Brugge	T-11
(	O
Belgium	T-5
)	O
Casino	T-12
Graz	T-12
(	O
Austria	T-6
)	O
v	O
Ekeren	T-13
(	O
Belgium	T-7
)	O
Besiktas	T-1
(	O
Turkey	T-8
)	O
v	O
Molenbeek	T-14
(	O
Belgium	T-9
)	O
Alania	T-2
Vladikavkaz	T-2
(	O
Russia	T-10
)	O
v	T-15
x-Anderlecht	T-15
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O

Cup	B-MISC
Winners	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
x-Cercle	T-0
Brugge	T-0
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
v	T-1
Brann	T-2
Bergen	T-2
(	T-2
Norway	T-2
)	T-2

Cup	O
Winners	O
'	O
Cup	O
x-Cercle	B-ORG
Brugge	I-ORG
(	O
Belgium	T-0
)	O
v	O
Brann	O
Bergen	O
(	O
Norway	T-1
)	O

Cup	T-1
Winners	O
'	O
Cup	O
x-Cercle	O
Brugge	T-0
(	O
Belgium	B-LOC
)	O
v	O
Brann	O
Bergen	O
(	O
Norway	O
)	T-0

Cup	T-0
Winners	T-0
'	O
Cup	O
x-Cercle	O
Brugge	O
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
v	O
Brann	B-ORG
Bergen	I-ORG
(	O
Norway	O
)	O

Cup	O
Winners	O
'	O
Cup	O
x-Cercle	T-0
Brugge	T-0
(	O
Belgium	O
)	O
v	O
Brann	O
Bergen	O
(	O
Norway	B-LOC
)	O

CRICKET	T-1
-	O
SRI	B-LOC
LANKA	I-LOC
AND	T-0
AUSTRALIA	T-0
SAY	O
RELATIONS	O
HAVE	O
HEALED	O
.	O

CRICKET	O
-	O
SRI	O
LANKA	O
AND	O
AUSTRALIA	B-LOC
SAY	O
RELATIONS	T-0
HAVE	O
HEALED	O
.	O

Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
and	T-1
Australia	T-1
agreed	T-1
on	T-1
Friday	T-1
that	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
teams	O
had	O
healed	O
since	O
the	O
Sri	O
Lankans	O
'	O
acrimonious	T-0
tour	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Sri	T-0
Lanka	T-0
and	T-0
Australia	B-LOC
agreed	O
on	O
Friday	O
that	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
teams	T-1
had	O
healed	O
since	O
the	O
Sri	O
Lankans	O
'	O
acrimonious	O
tour	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

Sri	O
Lanka	O
and	O
Australia	O
agreed	O
on	O
Friday	O
that	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	T-1
teams	T-1
had	T-1
healed	T-1
since	T-3
the	T-3
Sri	B-MISC
Lankans	I-MISC
'	O
acrimonious	T-2
tour	T-4
last	T-4
year	T-4
.	O

The	O
Sri	B-MISC
Lankans	I-MISC
were	O
first	O
found	T-1
guilty	T-0
then	O
cleared	O
of	O
ball	O
tampering	O
and	O
off-spinner	O
Muttiah	O
Muralitharan	O
was	O
called	O
for	O
throwing	O
during	O
a	O
controversial	O
three-test	O
series	O
in	O
Australia	O
.	O

The	O
Sri	O
Lankans	O
were	O
first	O
found	O
guilty	O
then	O
cleared	O
of	O
ball	O
tampering	T-0
and	O
off-spinner	O
Muttiah	B-PER
Muralitharan	I-PER
was	O
called	T-1
for	O
throwing	T-2
during	O
a	O
controversial	O
three-test	O
series	O
in	O
Australia	O
.	O

The	O
Sri	T-0
Lankans	T-0
were	O
first	O
found	O
guilty	T-1
then	O
cleared	O
of	O
ball	O
tampering	O
and	O
off-spinner	O
Muttiah	T-2
Muralitharan	T-2
was	T-3
called	T-3
for	O
throwing	O
during	O
a	O
controversial	O
three-test	O
series	O
in	T-4
Australia	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
Our	O
concern	T-2
is	O
to	O
get	O
out	T-3
there	T-3
and	O
play	O
proper	O
cricket	T-0
,	O
"	O
Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
captain	O
Arjuna	O
Ranatunga	O
told	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
on	O
the	O
eve	O
of	O
a	O
warmup	O
match	T-1
between	O
the	O
World	O
Cup	O
champions	O
and	O
a	O
World	O
XI	O
team	O
scheduled	O
for	O
Saturday	O
.	O

"	O
Our	O
concern	O
is	O
to	O
get	O
out	O
there	O
and	O
play	O
proper	O
cricket	O
,	O
"	O
Sri	T-1
Lanka	T-1
captain	T-1
Arjuna	B-PER
Ranatunga	I-PER
told	O
a	O
news	O
conference	T-0
on	O
the	O
eve	O
of	O
a	O
warmup	O
match	O
between	O
the	O
World	O
Cup	O
champions	O
and	O
a	O
World	O
XI	O
team	O
scheduled	O
for	O
Saturday	O
.	O

"	O
Our	O
concern	O
is	O
to	O
get	O
out	O
there	O
and	O
play	O
proper	O
cricket	O
,	O
"	O
Sri	O
Lanka	O
captain	O
Arjuna	T-1
Ranatunga	T-1
told	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
on	O
the	O
eve	O
of	O
a	O
warmup	O
match	O
between	O
the	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
champions	T-0
and	O
a	O
World	O
XI	O
team	O
scheduled	O
for	O
Saturday	O
.	O

"	O
Our	O
concern	T-1
is	O
to	O
get	O
out	O
there	O
and	O
play	O
proper	O
cricket	O
,	O
"	O
Sri	O
Lanka	O
captain	O
Arjuna	O
Ranatunga	O
told	O
a	O
news	O
conference	O
on	O
the	O
eve	O
of	O
a	O
warmup	O
match	O
between	O
the	O
World	O
Cup	O
champions	O
and	O
a	T-0
World	B-ORG
XI	I-ORG
team	O
scheduled	O
for	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Australian	B-MISC
team	T-0
manager	T-0
Cam	T-1
Battersby	T-1
said	O
he	O
agreed	O
with	O
Ranatunga	T-2
.	O

Australian	O
team	O
manager	T-0
Cam	B-PER
Battersby	I-PER
said	T-1
he	O
agreed	O
with	O
Ranatunga	T-2
.	O

Australian	T-0
team	O
manager	O
Cam	O
Battersby	O
said	O
he	O
agreed	T-1
with	O
Ranatunga	B-PER
.	O

"	O
I	T-0
believe	O
relations	T-1
between	O
the	O
two	O
teams	O
will	O
be	O
excellent	T-2
,	O
"	O
Batterby	B-PER
said	O
.	O

The	T-1
Australians	B-MISC
are	O
making	O
their	T-2
first	O
visit	T-0
to	O
the	O
Indian	O
Ocean	O
island	O
since	O
boycotting	O
a	O
World	T-3
Cup	T-3
fixture	O
in	O
February	O
after	O
a	O
terrorist	O
bomb	O
in	O
Colombo	O
.	O

The	O
Australians	T-0
are	O
making	O
their	O
first	O
visit	T-1
to	O
the	O
Indian	B-LOC
Ocean	I-LOC
island	T-3
since	O
boycotting	O
a	O
World	T-2
Cup	T-2
fixture	O
in	O
February	O
after	O
a	O
terrorist	O
bomb	O
in	O
Colombo	O
.	O

The	O
Australians	T-1
are	O
making	O
their	O
first	O
visit	T-0
to	O
the	O
Indian	T-2
Ocean	T-2
island	T-3
since	O
boycotting	O
a	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
fixture	O
in	O
February	O
after	O
a	O
terrorist	O
bomb	O
in	O
Colombo	T-4
.	O

The	O
Australians	O
are	O
making	O
their	O
first	O
visit	O
to	O
the	O
Indian	O
Ocean	O
island	O
since	O
boycotting	O
a	O
World	O
Cup	O
fixture	O
in	O
February	O
after	O
a	O
terrorist	T-0
bomb	T-0
in	T-0
Colombo	B-LOC
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
have	T-0
been	T-0
promised	O
the	O
presence	T-1
of	O
commandos	O
,	O
sniffer	O
dogs	O
and	O
plainclothes	O
policemen	O
to	O
ensure	T-2
a	O
limited	O
overs	O
tournament	O
is	O
trouble-free	O
.	O

The	O
tournament	O
,	O
starting	O
on	O
August	O
26	O
,	O
also	O
includes	T-0
India	B-LOC
and	O
Zimbabwe	O
.	O

The	O
tournament	T-1
,	O
starting	O
on	O
August	O
26	O
,	O
also	O
includes	T-0
India	O
and	O
Zimbabwe	B-LOC
.	O

Battersby	B-PER
said	T-1
he	T-2
was	O
satisfied	O
with	O
the	O
security	T-3
arrangements	T-0
.	O

Sri	B-MISC
Lankan	I-MISC
officials	T-1
said	T-2
they	O
expected	O
heavy	T-3
rain	T-3
which	O
washed	O
out	O
a	O
warmup	O
match	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
should	O
cease	O
by	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Australia	B-LOC
,	O
led	T-0
by	T-0
wicketkeeper	T-0
Ian	T-0
Healy	T-0
,	O
opened	O
their	O
short	O
tour	O
of	O
Sri	T-1
Lanka	T-1
with	O
a	O
five-run	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
youth	O
team	T-2
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Australia	T-0
,	O
led	O
by	O
wicketkeeper	T-2
Ian	B-PER
Healy	I-PER
,	O
opened	T-1
their	O
short	O
tour	O
of	O
Sri	O
Lanka	O
with	O
a	O
five-run	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
youth	O
team	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Australia	T-0
,	O
led	O
by	O
wicketkeeper	O
Ian	T-1
Healy	T-1
,	O
opened	O
their	O
short	O
tour	O
of	T-2
Sri	B-LOC
Lanka	I-LOC
with	O
a	O
five-run	O
win	O
over	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
youth	O
team	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Reuters	B-ORG
has	O
not	O
verified	T-0
these	O
stories	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
vouch	O
for	O
their	O
accuracy	O
.	O

-	O
The	T-0
Angolan	B-MISC
Chief	T-1
of	T-1
State	T-1
addressed	O
a	O
letter	O
to	O
UN	T-2
Security	T-2
Council	T-2
proposing	O
dates	O
for	O
the	O
conclusion	O
of	O
the	O
peace	O
process	O
in	O
Angola	T-3
.	O

-	O
The	O
Angolan	T-0
Chief	O
of	O
State	O
addressed	O
a	T-1
letter	T-1
to	T-1
UN	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
proposing	T-2
dates	T-2
for	O
the	O
conclusion	O
of	O
the	O
peace	O
process	O
in	O
Angola	O
.	O

-	O
The	O
Angolan	T-1
Chief	T-1
of	O
State	O
addressed	O
a	O
letter	O
to	O
UN	O
Security	O
Council	O
proposing	O
dates	O
for	O
the	O
conclusion	O
of	O
the	O
peace	O
process	O
in	T-0
Angola	B-LOC
.	O

He	O
proposed	T-0
definite	O
dates	O
,	O
August	O
25	O
for	O
return	O
of	O
Unita	B-ORG
generals	T-1
to	O
the	O
joint	O
army	O
,	O
September	O
5	O
for	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
the	O
formation	T-2
of	O
the	O
Government	O
of	O
National	O
Unity	O
and	O
Reconciliation	T-3
.	O

He	O
proposed	T-2
definite	O
dates	O
,	O
August	O
25	O
for	O
return	O
of	O
Unita	O
generals	O
to	O
the	O
joint	O
army	T-1
,	O
September	O
5	O
for	O
the	O
beginning	T-0
of	O
the	O
formation	O
of	O
the	O
Government	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
National	I-ORG
Unity	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Reconciliation	I-ORG
.	O

Until	O
this	O
date	O
the	O
free	O
circulation	O
of	O
peoples	O
and	O
goods	O
should	O
be	O
guaranteed	O
,	O
the	O
government	T-0
administration	O
installed	O
in	O
all	O
areas	O
and	O
the	O
Unita	B-ORG
deputies	O
should	O
occupy	O
their	O
places	O
in	O
the	O
National	T-1
Assembly	O
.	O

Until	O
this	O
date	O
the	O
free	O
circulation	O
of	O
peoples	O
and	O
goods	O
should	O
be	O
guaranteed	O
,	O
the	O
government	O
administration	T-1
installed	O
in	O
all	O
areas	O
and	O
the	O
Unita	T-2
deputies	O
should	O
occupy	T-3
their	O
places	T-0
in	O
the	O
National	B-ORG
Assembly	I-ORG
.	O

The	O
president	O
justified	T-0
his	O
proposal	T-2
by	O
the	O
delays	O
verified	T-1
in	T-1
the	O
peace	O
process	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
areas	O
under	O
Unita	B-ORG
control	O
or	O
occupation	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
effectively	O
demilitarised	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
Unita	O
military	O
forces	O
have	O
been	O
substituted	O
by	O
their	O
so-called	O
police	O
.	O

The	O
president	O
justified	O
his	O
proposal	O
by	O
the	O
delays	T-0
verified	O
in	O
the	O
peace	O
process	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
areas	O
under	O
Unita	O
control	O
or	O
occupation	O
have	O
not	O
been	O
effectively	O
demilitarised	O
,	O
where	O
the	O
Unita	B-ORG
military	O
forces	O
have	O
been	O
substituted	O
by	O
their	O
so-called	O
police	O
.	O

-	O
President	T-0
Dos	B-PER
Santos	I-PER
proposes	O
the	O
establishment	O
by	O
UN	O
Security	O
Council	O
of	O
definitive	O
and	O
final	O
timetable	O
for	O
the	O
tasks	O
and	O
obligations	O
under	O
the	O
Lusaka	O
Agreement	O
and	O
the	O
sending	O
of	O
a	O
mission	O
of	O
SC	O
,	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
possible	O
,	O
to	O
supervise	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
.	O

-	O
President	T-1
Dos	T-1
Santos	T-1
proposes	O
the	O
establishment	T-0
by	T-0
UN	B-ORG
Security	I-ORG
Council	I-ORG
of	O
definitive	O
and	O
final	O
timetable	O
for	O
the	O
tasks	O
and	O
obligations	O
under	O
the	O
Lusaka	O
Agreement	O
and	O
the	O
sending	O
of	O
a	O
mission	O
of	O
SC	T-2
,	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
possible	O
,	O
to	O
supervise	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
.	O

-	O
President	O
Dos	O
Santos	O
proposes	O
the	O
establishment	O
by	O
UN	O
Security	O
Council	O
of	O
definitive	O
and	O
final	O
timetable	O
for	O
the	O
tasks	T-1
and	T-1
obligations	T-1
under	T-1
the	T-1
Lusaka	B-MISC
Agreement	I-MISC
and	O
the	O
sending	T-0
of	O
a	O
mission	O
of	O
SC	O
,	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
possible	O
,	O
to	O
supervise	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
.	O

-	O
President	T-1
Dos	T-1
Santos	T-1
proposes	O
the	O
establishment	O
by	O
UN	O
Security	O
Council	O
of	O
definitive	O
and	O
final	O
timetable	O
for	O
the	O
tasks	O
and	O
obligations	O
under	O
the	O
Lusaka	O
Agreement	O
and	O
the	O
sending	O
of	O
a	O
mission	T-0
of	O
SC	B-ORG
,	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
possible	O
,	O
to	O
supervise	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
.	O

FORECAST	T-0
-	O
S.AFRICAN	B-MISC
COMPANY	T-2
RESULTS	O
CONSENSUS	T-1
.	O

South	B-MISC
African	I-MISC
company	O
results	T-0
expected	O
next	O
week	O
include	O
the	O

MON	T-0
Gencor	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	O
93.12	O
92.0-94.5	O
73.8	O

MON	O
Gencor	B-ORG
YR	T-0
DIV	T-0
25.75	T-0
25.0-27.0	O
20.0	O

MON	T-0
Primedia	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	O
N	O
/	O
A	O
149.1	O

MON	T-0
Primedia	B-ORG
YR	O
DIV	O
N	O
/	O
A	O
123.2	O

MON	T-0
Distillers	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	T-1
N	T-1
/	O
A	O
71.8	O

TUE	T-1
Iscor	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	O
29.7	T-0
26.0-32.0	T-0
38.0	T-0

TUE	O
Iscor	B-ORG
YR	T-0
DIV	T-0
15.0	O
14.5-16.5	O
16.5	O

WED	T-0
Imphold	B-ORG
YR	O
EPS	T-1
172.7	O
170.4-175.0	O
115.1	O

WED	T-0
Imphold	B-ORG
YR	T-1
DIV	T-1
67.5	O
66.6-68.4	O
45.0	O

THU	O
M&R	B-ORG
YR	T-0
DIV	T-0
31.7	O
10.5-42.3	O
47.0	O

THU	T-0
JD	B-ORG
Group	I-ORG
YR	T-1
DIV	T-1
41.8	O
41.0-42.5	O
33.0	O

--	O
Johannesburg	B-LOC
newsroom	T-0
,	O
+27	O
11	O
482	O
1003	O

Ulster	B-ORG
Petroleums	I-ORG
Ltd	I-ORG
Q2	O
net	O
profit	T-0
falls	O
.	O

Shr	T-0
C$	B-MISC
0.12	O
C$	O
0.15	O

Nigerian	B-MISC
terms	T-3
jeopardize	T-0
Commonwealth	T-2
trip-Canada	T-4
.	T-1

Nigerian	T-1
terms	O
jeopardize	T-0
Commonwealth	B-ORG
trip-Canada	T-2
.	O

Nigerian	O
terms	O
jeopardize	T-0
Commonwealth	O
trip-Canada	B-MISC
.	O

Commonwealth	B-ORG
ministers	O
concerned	T-0
about	O
human	O
rights	O
in	O
Nigeria	O
may	O
cancel	O
a	O
planned	O
trip	O
there	O
because	O
of	O
government	O
restrictions	O
on	O
their	T-3
mission	T-3
,	O
Canadian	T-1
Foreign	T-1
Minister	T-1
Lloyd	O
Axworthy	T-2
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Commonwealth	O
ministers	O
concerned	O
about	O
human	O
rights	O
in	O
Nigeria	B-LOC
may	O
cancel	O
a	O
planned	T-1
trip	T-1
there	O
because	O
of	O
government	O
restrictions	O
on	O
their	O
mission	O
,	O
Canadian	T-0
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Lloyd	O
Axworthy	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Commonwealth	O
ministers	T-1
concerned	T-0
about	O
human	O
rights	O
in	O
Nigeria	O
may	O
cancel	O
a	O
planned	O
trip	T-3
there	O
because	O
of	O
government	O
restrictions	O
on	O
their	O
mission	T-2
,	O
Canadian	B-MISC
Foreign	T-4
Minister	T-4
Lloyd	T-4
Axworthy	T-4
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Commonwealth	O
ministers	O
concerned	O
about	O
human	O
rights	O
in	O
Nigeria	O
may	O
cancel	T-0
a	O
planned	O
trip	T-2
there	O
because	O
of	O
government	O
restrictions	T-1
on	O
their	O
mission	O
,	O
Canadian	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Lloyd	B-PER
Axworthy	I-PER
said	T-3
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
reaction	O
of	O
the	O
regime	T-1
there	O
is	O
such	O
that	O
many	O
of	O
us	O
feel	O
that	O
the	O
mission	O
under	O
the	O
present	O
circumstances	O
should	O
n't	O
go	O
ahead	O
,	O
"	O
Axworthy	B-PER
said	T-2
.	O

Commonwealth	B-ORG
foreign	T-0
ministers	O
will	O
meet	T-1
in	O
London	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
to	O
discuss	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
he	O
added	O
.	O

Commonwealth	O
foreign	O
ministers	O
will	O
meet	T-0
in	O
London	B-LOC
on	O
Wednesday	O
to	O
discuss	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
he	O
added	O
.	O

Investors	O
gave	T-0
into	O
gold	O
fever	O
Friday	O
morning	O
,	O
with	O
heavy	T-1
trading	T-1
in	O
a	O
handful	T-2
of	T-2
Toronto-based	B-MISC
gold	T-3
companies	T-3
.	O

TVX	B-ORG
Gold	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
was	O
up	O
C$	O
0.30	O
to	O
C$	O
11.55	O
in	O
trading	T-0
of	O
780,000	O
shares	O
,	O
while	O
Kinross	T-1
Gold	T-1
Corp	T-1
gained	O
C$	O
0.25	O
to	O
C$	O
11	O
in	O
volume	O
of	O
720,000	O
shares	O
.	O

TVX	T-2
Gold	T-2
Inc	T-2
was	O
up	O
C$	B-MISC
0.30	O
to	O
C$	O
11.55	O
in	O
trading	O
of	O
780,000	O
shares	O
,	O
while	O
Kinross	T-0
Gold	O
Corp	O
gained	T-1
C$	O
0.25	O
to	O
C$	O
11	O
in	O
volume	O
of	O
720,000	O
shares	O
.	O

TVX	O
Gold	O
Inc	O
was	O
up	O
C$	O
0.30	O
to	T-0
C$	B-MISC
11.55	O
in	O
trading	O
of	O
780,000	O
shares	O
,	O
while	O
Kinross	O
Gold	O
Corp	O
gained	O
C$	O
0.25	O
to	O
C$	O
11	O
in	O
volume	T-1
of	O
720,000	O
shares	O
.	O

TVX	T-1
Gold	T-1
Inc	T-1
was	O
up	O
C$	O
0.30	O
to	O
C$	O
11.55	O
in	O
trading	T-0
of	O
780,000	O
shares	O
,	O
while	O
Kinross	B-ORG
Gold	I-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
gained	T-2
C$	O
0.25	O
to	O
C$	O
11	O
in	O
volume	T-3
of	O
720,000	O
shares	O
.	O

TVX	O
Gold	O
Inc	O
was	O
up	O
C$	O
0.30	O
to	O
C$	O
11.55	O
in	O
trading	O
of	O
780,000	O
shares	O
,	O
while	O
Kinross	T-0
Gold	T-0
Corp	T-0
gained	T-0
C$	B-MISC
0.25	O
to	O
C$	O
11	O
in	O
volume	O
of	O
720,000	O
shares	O
.	O

TVX	O
Gold	O
Inc	O
was	O
up	O
C$	O
0.30	O
to	O
C$	O
11.55	O
in	O
trading	O
of	O
780,000	O
shares	O
,	O
while	O
Kinross	O
Gold	O
Corp	O
gained	T-0
C$	O
0.25	O
to	O
C$	B-MISC
11	O
in	O
volume	T-1
of	O
720,000	O
shares	O
.	O

And	O
Scorpion	B-ORG
Minerals	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
junior	O
gold	O
exploration	O
company	T-2
with	O
five	O
Indonesian	T-0
mining	O
properties	O
,	O
was	O
up	T-1
C$	O
0.50	O
to	O
C$	O
6	O
,	O
with	O
about	O
120,000	O
shares	O
changing	O
hands	O
.	O

And	O
Scorpion	O
Minerals	O
Inc	O
,	O
a	O
junior	O
gold	O
exploration	O
company	O
with	O
five	O
Indonesian	B-MISC
mining	T-0
properties	T-1
,	O
was	O
up	O
C$	O
0.50	O
to	O
C$	O
6	O
,	O
with	O
about	O
120,000	O
shares	O
changing	O
hands	O
.	O

And	O
Scorpion	T-1
Minerals	T-1
Inc	T-1
,	O
a	O
junior	O
gold	O
exploration	O
company	O
with	O
five	O
Indonesian	O
mining	O
properties	T-0
,	O
was	O
up	O
C$	B-MISC
0.50	O
to	O
C$	O
6	O
,	O
with	O
about	O
120,000	O
shares	O
changing	O
hands	O
.	O

And	O
Scorpion	T-2
Minerals	O
Inc	O
,	O
a	O
junior	O
gold	O
exploration	O
company	O
with	O
five	O
Indonesian	T-3
mining	O
properties	O
,	O
was	O
up	O
C$	O
0.50	O
to	O
C$	B-MISC
6	T-1
,	O
with	O
about	O
120,000	O
shares	O
changing	T-0
hands	O
.	O

TVX	B-ORG
and	O
Kinross	O
rose	T-2
after	O
recent	O
buy	O
recommendations	T-0
from	O
U.S.	O
brokers	O
,	O
analysts	O
said	T-1
.	O

TVX	O
and	O
Kinross	B-ORG
rose	O
after	O
recent	O
buy	T-0
recommendations	T-1
from	O
U.S.	O
brokers	O
,	O
analysts	O
said	T-2
.	O

TVX	O
and	O
Kinross	O
rose	O
after	O
recent	O
buy	O
recommendations	O
from	T-0
U.S.	B-LOC
brokers	T-1
,	O
analysts	O
said	T-2
.	O

But	O
Scorpion	B-ORG
was	O
raising	T-0
a	O
lot	O
of	O
eyebrows	O
after	O
it	O
issued	T-1
a	O
release	O
Friday	O
morning	O
saying	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
aware	O
of	O
any	O
developments	O
that	O
could	O
have	O
affected	O
the	O
stock	O
.	O

RESEARCH	T-0
ALERT	O
-	O
Unitog	B-ORG
Co	I-ORG
upgraded	T-1
.	O

-	O
Barrington	B-ORG
Research	I-ORG
Associates	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
said	O
Friday	O
it	O
upgraded	T-0
Unitog	T-0
Co	T-0
to	O
a	O
near-term	O
outperform	O
from	O
a	O
long-term	O
outperform	O
rating	O
.	O

-	O
Barrington	T-0
Research	T-0
Associates	T-0
Inc	T-0
said	O
Friday	O
it	O
upgraded	O
Unitog	B-ORG
Co	I-ORG
to	O
a	O
near-term	O
outperform	T-1
from	O
a	O
long-term	O
outperform	O
rating	T-2
.	O

-	O
Analyst	O
Alexander	B-PER
Paris	I-PER
said	T-1
he	O
expected	T-0
consistent	O
20	O
percent	O
earnings	O
growth	O
after	O
an	O
estimated	O
gain	O
of	O
18	O
percent	O
for	O
1996	O
.	O

--	O
Chicago	B-LOC
newsdesk	T-0
,	O
312-408-8787	O

Buffett	B-PER
raises	O
Property	T-0
Capital	O
stake	T-1
.	O

Buffett	O
raises	T-0
Property	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
stake	T-1
.	O

Omaha	B-LOC
billionaire	T-3
Warren	O
Buffett	T-4
said	T-0
Friday	O
he	O
raised	T-1
his	O
stake	O
in	O
Property	T-2
Capital	T-2
Trust	T-2
to	O
8.0	O
percent	O
from	O
6.7	O
percent	O
.	O

Omaha	O
billionaire	T-0
Warren	B-PER
Buffett	I-PER
said	T-1
Friday	O
he	O
raised	O
his	O
stake	O
in	O
Property	O
Capital	O
Trust	O
to	O
8.0	O
percent	O
from	O
6.7	O
percent	O
.	O

Omaha	O
billionaire	O
Warren	O
Buffett	O
said	T-0
Friday	O
he	O
raised	T-1
his	O
stake	O
in	O
Property	B-ORG
Capital	I-ORG
Trust	I-ORG
to	O
8.0	O
percent	T-2
from	O
6.7	O
percent	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
filing	T-3
with	T-3
the	O
Securities	B-ORG
and	I-ORG
Exchnage	I-ORG
Commission	I-ORG
,	O
Buffett	T-0
said	T-1
he	O
bought	O
62,900	O
additional	O
common	O
shares	T-2
of	O
the	O
Boston-based	O
real	O
estate	O
investment	O
trust	O
at	O
prices	O
ranging	O
from	O
$	O
7.65	O
to	O
$	O
8.02	O
a	O
share	O
.	O

In	O
a	O
filing	O
with	O
the	O
Securities	T-2
and	T-2
Exchnage	T-2
Commission	T-2
,	O
Buffett	B-PER
said	T-1
he	O
bought	O
62,900	O
additional	O
common	O
shares	O
of	O
the	O
Boston-based	T-0
real	O
estate	O
investment	O
trust	O
at	O
prices	O
ranging	O
from	O
$	O
7.65	O
to	O
$	O
8.02	O
a	O
share	O
.	T-0

In	O
a	O
filing	O
with	O
the	O
Securities	O
and	O
Exchnage	T-3
Commission	O
,	O
Buffett	T-0
said	T-4
he	O
bought	T-1
62,900	O
additional	O
common	O
shares	O
of	O
the	O
Boston-based	B-MISC
real	T-2
estate	T-2
investment	T-2
trust	T-2
at	O
prices	O
ranging	O
from	O
$	O
7.65	O
to	O
$	O
8.02	O
a	O
share	O
.	O

Buffett	B-PER
,	O
who	O
is	O
well-known	O
as	O
a	O
long-term	O
investor	T-0
,	O
is	O
chairman	T-1
of	O
Berkshire	O
Hathaway	O
Inc	O
,	O
a	O
holding	O
company	O
through	O
which	O
he	O
holds	T-2
investments	O
in	O
several	O
large	O
U.S.	O
companies	O
.	O

Buffett	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
well-known	O
as	O
a	O
long-term	O
investor	O
,	O
is	O
chairman	T-0
of	T-0
Berkshire	B-ORG
Hathaway	I-ORG
Inc	I-ORG
,	O
a	O
holding	T-1
company	O
through	O
which	O
he	O
holds	O
investments	O
in	O
several	O
large	O
U.S.	O
companies	O
.	O

Buffett	O
,	O
who	O
is	O
well-known	O
as	O
a	O
long-term	O
investor	T-1
,	O
is	O
chairman	T-0
of	O
Berkshire	O
Hathaway	O
Inc	O
,	O
a	O
holding	O
company	O
through	O
which	O
he	O
holds	O
investments	O
in	O
several	O
large	O
U.S.	B-LOC
companies	T-2
.	O

Colombia	B-LOC
,	O
U.S.	T-0
reach	T-1
aviation	T-1
agreement	T-1
.	O

Colombia	T-1
,	O
U.S.	B-LOC
reach	T-0
aviation	T-0
agreement	T-2
.	T-2

The	O
U.S.	B-LOC
and	O
Colombian	O
governments	T-1
reached	O
an	O
agreement	O
that	O
will	O
allow	O
AMR	O
Corp	O
's	O
American	O
Airlines	O
to	O
operate	O
three	O
round-trip	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
the	O
Department	O
of	O
Transportation	O
said	T-0
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
U.S.	O
and	O
Colombian	B-MISC
governments	T-0
reached	T-1
an	T-1
agreement	T-1
that	O
will	O
allow	O
AMR	O
Corp	O
's	O
American	O
Airlines	O
to	O
operate	O
three	O
round-trip	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
the	O
Department	O
of	O
Transportation	O
said	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
U.S.	T-2
and	O
Colombian	T-3
governments	T-3
reached	O
an	O
agreement	T-0
that	O
will	O
allow	O
AMR	B-ORG
Corp	I-ORG
's	O
American	T-5
Airlines	T-5
to	O
operate	T-1
three	O
round-trip	O
flights	O
between	O
New	T-6
York	T-6
and	O
Bogota	T-7
,	O
the	O
Department	T-4
of	T-4
Transportation	T-4
said	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
U.S.	O
and	O
Colombian	O
governments	O
reached	T-0
an	O
agreement	T-1
that	O
will	O
allow	O
AMR	T-2
Corp	T-2
's	T-2
American	B-ORG
Airlines	I-ORG
to	O
operate	T-3
three	O
round-trip	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
the	O
Department	O
of	O
Transportation	O
said	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
U.S.	T-0
and	T-0
Colombian	T-0
governments	O
reached	O
an	O
agreement	T-2
that	O
will	O
allow	O
AMR	O
Corp	O
's	O
American	T-4
Airlines	T-4
to	O
operate	O
three	O
round-trip	T-1
flights	T-1
between	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
the	O
Department	O
of	O
Transportation	O
said	T-3
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
U.S.	O
and	O
Colombian	T-2
governments	O
reached	O
an	O
agreement	T-0
that	O
will	O
allow	O
AMR	O
Corp	O
's	O
American	O
Airlines	O
to	O
operate	O
three	O
round-trip	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
Department	T-1
of	O
Transportation	O
said	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
U.S.	O
and	O
Colombian	T-0
governments	O
reached	T-2
an	O
agreement	O
that	O
will	O
allow	O
AMR	T-1
Corp	O
's	O
American	O
Airlines	O
to	O
operate	O
three	O
round-trip	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
the	O
Department	B-ORG
of	I-ORG
Transportation	I-ORG
said	T-3
Friday	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
agreement	O
,	O
which	O
followed	O
talks	O
in	T-0
Miami	B-LOC
this	O
week	O
,	O
AMR	O
also	O
will	O
be	O
allowed	O
to	O
shift	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
of	O
the	O
weekly	O
flights	O
it	O
now	O
operates	O
between	O
Miami	O
and	O
Colombia	O
to	O
its	O
New	O
York	O
gateway	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
agreement	T-1
,	O
which	O
followed	O
talks	O
in	O
Miami	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
AMR	B-ORG
also	O
will	O
be	O
allowed	T-0
to	O
shift	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
of	O
the	O
weekly	O
flights	O
it	O
now	O
operates	O
between	O
Miami	O
and	O
Colombia	O
to	O
its	O
New	T-2
York	T-2
gateway	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
agreement	O
,	O
which	O
followed	O
talks	O
in	O
Miami	T-1
this	O
week	O
,	O
AMR	O
also	O
will	O
be	O
allowed	O
to	O
shift	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
of	O
the	O
weekly	O
flights	T-2
it	O
now	O
operates	T-3
between	O
Miami	B-LOC
and	T-0
Colombia	T-4
to	O
its	O
New	O
York	O
gateway	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
agreement	T-0
,	O
which	O
followed	O
talks	T-1
in	O
Miami	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
AMR	O
also	O
will	O
be	O
allowed	O
to	O
shift	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
of	O
the	O
weekly	O
flights	O
it	O
now	O
operates	T-2
between	O
Miami	T-3
and	O
Colombia	B-LOC
to	O
its	O
New	O
York	O
gateway	O
.	O

Under	O
the	O
agreement	O
,	O
which	O
followed	O
talks	O
in	O
Miami	O
this	O
week	O
,	O
AMR	O
also	O
will	O
be	O
allowed	O
to	O
shift	O
up	O
to	O
four	O
of	O
the	O
weekly	O
flights	O
it	O
now	O
operates	O
between	T-1
Miami	T-2
and	O
Colombia	T-3
to	O
its	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
gateway	T-0
.	O

The	O
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
also	O
will	T-3
be	T-3
able	T-3
to	T-3
designate	O
one	O
new	T-1
all-cargo	T-1
carrier	T-1
for	O
service	O
between	O
the	O
two	T-0
nations	T-0
after	O
two	T-2
years	T-2
.	O

Colombia	B-LOC
was	T-1
permitted	O
to	O
add	O
a	O
single	O
additional	O
round-trip	O
flight	O
to	O
its	O
current	O
New	T-0
York	T-0
service	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
while	O
under	O
Category	O
Two	O
(	O
Conditional	O
)	O
status	O
under	O
the	O
Federal	O
Aviation	O
Administration	O
's	O
International	O
Aviation	O
Safety	O
program	O
.	O

Colombia	T-1
was	O
permitted	O
to	O
add	O
a	O
single	O
additional	T-2
round-trip	T-2
flight	T-0
to	T-0
its	T-0
current	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
service	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
while	O
under	O
Category	O
Two	O
(	O
Conditional	O
)	O
status	O
under	O
the	O
Federal	O
Aviation	O
Administration	O
's	O
International	O
Aviation	O
Safety	O
program	O
.	O

Colombia	T-1
was	O
permitted	O
to	O
add	O
a	O
single	O
additional	O
round-trip	O
flight	O
to	O
its	O
current	O
New	O
York	O
service	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
while	O
under	O
Category	O
Two	O
(	O
Conditional	O
)	O
status	O
under	O
the	O
Federal	B-ORG
Aviation	I-ORG
Administration	I-ORG
's	O
International	O
Aviation	O
Safety	O
program	O
.	T-0

Colombia	O
was	O
permitted	O
to	O
add	O
a	O
single	O
additional	O
round-trip	T-2
flight	T-2
to	O
its	O
current	O
New	O
York	O
service	O
,	O
although	O
it	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
while	O
under	O
Category	T-0
Two	O
(	O
Conditional	O
)	O
status	O
under	O
the	O
Federal	O
Aviation	O
Administration	T-1
's	T-1
International	B-MISC
Aviation	I-MISC
Safety	I-MISC
program	I-MISC
.	O

Colombia	B-LOC
would	T-0
be	O
allowed	O
to	O
add	O
new	O
service	O
when	O
its	O
safety	O
assessment	O
has	O
been	O
improved	O
,	O
the	O
department	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
agreement	O
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	O
when	O
Colombia	O
turned	O
down	O
American	B-ORG
's	O
request	O
to	O
operate	T-0
flights	O
between	O
New	T-1
York	T-1
and	O
Bogota	T-2
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	O
the	O
United	T-3
States	T-3
to	O
charge	O
that	O
the	O
Colombians	O
were	O
breaking	O
a	O
bilateral	O
aviation	T-4
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
sanctions	O
against	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	O
airlines	O
,	O
Avianca	O
and	O
ACES	O
.	O

The	O
agreement	O
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	O
when	O
Colombia	T-1
turned	O
down	O
American	O
's	O
request	O
to	O
operate	O
flights	O
between	O
New	B-LOC
York	I-LOC
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	O
the	O
United	T-0
States	T-0
to	O
charge	O
that	O
the	O
Colombians	O
were	O
breaking	O
a	O
bilateral	O
aviation	O
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
sanctions	O
against	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	O
airlines	O
,	O
Avianca	O
and	O
ACES	O
.	O

The	O
agreement	O
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	O
when	O
Colombia	O
turned	O
down	O
American	T-1
's	T-1
request	O
to	O
operate	O
flights	O
between	O
New	T-2
York	T-2
and	O
Bogota	B-LOC
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
to	O
charge	O
that	O
the	O
Colombians	T-0
were	O
breaking	O
a	O
bilateral	O
aviation	O
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
sanctions	O
against	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	O
airlines	O
,	O
Avianca	O
and	O
ACES	O
.	O

The	O
agreement	O
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	O
when	O
Colombia	T-2
turned	O
down	O
American	O
's	O
request	O
to	O
operate	O
flights	O
between	O
New	T-3
York	T-3
and	O
Bogota	T-4
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	T-0
the	T-0
United	B-LOC
States	I-LOC
to	T-1
charge	T-1
that	O
the	O
Colombians	O
were	O
breaking	O
a	O
bilateral	O
aviation	O
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
sanctions	O
against	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	O
airlines	O
,	O
Avianca	O
and	O
ACES	O
.	O

The	O
agreement	O
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	T-1
when	O
Colombia	O
turned	O
down	O
American	O
's	O
request	O
to	O
operate	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
to	T-0
charge	T-0
that	T-0
the	T-0
Colombians	B-MISC
were	O
breaking	O
a	O
bilateral	T-2
aviation	O
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
sanctions	O
against	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	T-3
airlines	T-3
,	O
Avianca	O
and	O
ACES	O
.	O

The	O
agreement	O
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	O
when	O
Colombia	O
turned	O
down	O
American	O
's	O
request	O
to	O
operate	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
to	O
charge	O
that	O
the	O
Colombians	O
were	O
breaking	O
a	O
bilateral	O
aviation	O
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
sanctions	O
against	T-2
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	B-MISC
airlines	T-3
,	O
Avianca	T-0
and	O
ACES	T-1
.	O

The	O
agreement	T-2
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	O
when	O
Colombia	O
turned	O
down	O
American	O
's	O
request	O
to	O
operate	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
to	O
charge	O
that	O
the	O
Colombians	T-0
were	O
breaking	O
a	O
bilateral	O
aviation	O
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	T-3
sanctions	T-3
against	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	T-1
airlines	T-1
,	O
Avianca	B-ORG
and	O
ACES	O
.	O

The	O
agreement	T-1
resolved	O
a	O
dispute	O
that	O
arose	O
in	O
June	T-3
when	O
Colombia	T-4
turned	O
down	O
American	T-5
's	O
request	O
to	O
operate	O
flights	O
between	O
New	O
York	O
and	O
Bogota	O
,	O
a	O
denial	O
that	O
prompted	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
to	O
charge	O
that	O
the	O
Colombians	O
were	O
breaking	T-2
a	O
bilateral	T-6
aviation	O
agreement	O
and	O
to	O
propose	O
sanctions	O
against	O
one	O
of	O
two	O
Colombian	O
airlines	T-0
,	O
Avianca	O
and	O
ACES	B-ORG
.	O

Clean	O
tanker	O
fixtures	T-0
and	O
enquiries	O
-	O
1754	O
GMT	B-MISC
.	O

-	O
MIDEAST	T-0
GULF	T-0
/	O
RED	B-LOC
SEA	I-LOC

Konpolis	B-ORG
75	O
1/9	O
Mideast	O
/	O
Indonesia	T-0
W112.5	O
KPC	O
.	O

Konpolis	T-0
75	O
1/9	O
Mideast	B-LOC
/	O
Indonesia	T-1
W112.5	O
KPC	O
.	O

Konpolis	O
75	O
1/9	O
Mideast	T-1
/	O
Indonesia	B-LOC
W112.5	T-0
KPC	O
.	O

Konpolis	O
75	O
1/9	O
Mideast	T-0
/	O
Indonesia	O
W112.5	O
KPC	B-ORG
.	O

TBN	B-ORG
30	T-0
6/9	T-0
Mideast	T-2
/	O
W.C.	T-1
India	T-1
W200	T-1
,	O
E.C.India	O
W195	O
IOC	O
.	O

TBN	T-1
30	T-1
6/9	T-1
Mideast	B-LOC
/	O
W.C.	O
India	T-0
W200	O
,	O
E.C.India	O
W195	O
IOC	O
.	O

TBN	O
30	O
6/9	O
Mideast	O
/	O
W.C.	B-LOC
India	I-LOC
W200	T-1
,	O
E.C.India	T-0
W195	O
IOC	O
.	T-0

TBN	O
30	O
6/9	O
Mideast	O
/	O
W.C.	O
India	O
W200	O
,	O
E.C.India	B-LOC
W195	T-0
IOC	O
.	O

TBN	O
30	O
6/9	O
Mideast	O
/	O
W.C.	O
India	O
W200	O
,	O
E.C.India	T-1
W195	T-0
IOC	B-ORG
.	T-1

Petrobulk	B-ORG
Rainbow	I-ORG
28	O
24/8	O
Okinawa	T-0
/	O
Inchon	O
$	O
190,000	O
Honam	O
.	O

Petrobulk	O
Rainbow	O
28	O
24/8	O
Okinawa	T-0
/	O
Inchon	B-LOC
$	O
190,000	O
Honam	O
.	O

Petrobulk	T-0
Rainbow	T-0
28	O
24/8	O
Okinawa	O
/	O
Inchon	T-1
$	O
190,000	O
Honam	B-ORG
.	O

TBN	B-ORG
30	T-0
15/9	T-0
Constanza	T-1
/	O
Inia	O
$	O
700,000	O
IOC	O
.	O

TBN	O
30	T-0
15/9	T-0
Constanza	B-LOC
/	O
Inia	T-1
$	O
700,000	O
IOC	O
.	O

TBN	T-0
30	O
15/9	O
Constanza	O
/	O
Inia	B-LOC
$	O
700,000	O
IOC	O
.	O

TBN	T-0
30	O
15/9	O
Constanza	T-1
/	O
Inia	O
$	O
700,000	O
IOC	B-ORG
.	O

-	O
UK	B-LOC
/	O
CONT	T-0

Port	B-ORG
Christine	I-ORG
36,5	O
3/9	O
Pembroke	T-0
/	O
US	O
W145	O
Stentex	O
.	O

Port	O
Christine	O
36,5	O
3/9	O
Pembroke	B-LOC
/	O
US	T-0
W145	O
Stentex	O
.	O

Port	O
Christine	O
36,5	O
3/9	O
Pembroke	O
/	O
US	B-LOC
W145	T-0
Stentex	T-0
.	O

Port	T-1
Christine	T-1
36,5	O
3/9	O
Pembroke	T-0
/	O
US	O
W145	O
Stentex	B-ORG
.	O

Kpaitan	B-ORG
Stankov	I-ORG
69	O
31/8	O
St	T-0
Croix	T-0
/	O
USAC	O
W125	O
Hess	O
.	O

Kpaitan	T-0
Stankov	T-0
69	O
31/8	O
St	B-LOC
Croix	I-LOC
/	O
USAC	O
W125	O
Hess	O
.	O

Kpaitan	T-0
Stankov	T-0
69	O
31/8	O
St	O
Croix	O
/	O
USAC	B-LOC
W125	O
Hess	O
.	O

Kpaitan	O
Stankov	O
69	O
31/8	O
St	T-0
Croix	T-0
/	O
USAC	O
W125	O
Hess	B-ORG
.	O

AP	B-ORG
Moller	I-ORG
30	T-0
31/8	T-0
Caribs	O
/	O
Japan	O
$	O
875,000	O
BP	T-1
.	O

AP	O
Moller	O
30	O
31/8	O
Caribs	B-LOC
/	O
Japan	T-0
$	O
875,000	O
BP	O
.	O

AP	O
Moller	O
30	O
31/8	O
Caribs	O
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
$	O
875,000	T-0
BP	O
.	O

AP	O
Moller	O
30	O
31/8	O
Caribs	O
/	O
Japan	T-1
$	O
875,000	T-0
BP	B-ORG
.	T-0

Tiber	B-ORG
29	O
2/9	O
Caribs	O
/	O
options	O
W265	O
Stinnes	T-0
.	O

Tiber	O
29	O
2/9	O
Caribs	B-LOC
/	O
options	O
W265	O
Stinnes	T-0
.	O

Tiber	O
29	O
2/9	O
Caribs	O
/	O
options	T-1
W265	O
Stinnes	B-ORG
.	T-0

-	O
MIDEAST	T-0
GULF	T-0
/	O
RED	B-LOC
SEA	I-LOC

Tenacity	B-ORG
70	O
24/08	O
Mideast	T-0
/	O
South	O
Korea	O
W145	O
Samsung	O
.	O

Tenacity	T-0
70	O
24/08	O
Mideast	B-LOC
/	O
South	T-2
Korea	T-2
W145	O
Samsung	T-1
.	O

Tenacity	T-0
70	O
24/08	O
Mideast	T-2
/	O
South	B-LOC
Korea	I-LOC
W145	O
Samsung	T-1
.	O

Tenacity	T-1
70	O
24/08	T-0
Mideast	O
/	O
South	O
Korea	O
W145	O
Samsung	B-ORG
.	O

SKS	B-ORG
Tana	I-ORG
70	O
03/09	O
Mideast	T-0
/	O
Japan	O
W145	O
CNR	O
.	O

SKS	O
Tana	O
70	O
03/09	O
Mideast	B-LOC
/	O
Japan	T-0
W145	O
CNR	O
.	O

SKS	O
Tana	O
70	O
03/09	O
Mideast	T-0
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
W145	T-1
CNR	T-1
.	O

SKS	T-1
Tana	T-1
70	O
03/09	O
Mideast	T-2
/	O
Japan	T-0
W145	O
CNR	B-ORG
.	O

Northsea	B-ORG
Chaser	I-ORG
55	T-0
12/09	T-0
Mideast	T-1
/	T-1
Japan	T-1
W167.5	O
Jomo	O
.	O

Northsea	O
Chaser	O
55	O
12/09	O
Mideast	T-0
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
W167.5	T-1
Jomo	T-1
.	O

Northsea	O
Chaser	O
55	O
12/09	O
Mideast	T-0
/	O
Japan	T-1
W167.5	O
Jomo	B-ORG
.	O

Sibonina	B-ORG
55	O
13/09	O
Red	T-0
Sea	T-0
/	T-0
Japan	T-0
W160	T-0
Marubeni	T-0
.	O

Sibonina	T-0
55	T-0
13/09	T-0
Red	B-LOC
Sea	I-LOC
/	O
Japan	T-1
W160	O
Marubeni	O
.	O

Sibonina	T-1
55	O
13/09	O
Red	O
Sea	O
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
W160	T-0
Marubeni	T-0
.	O

Sibonina	O
55	O
13/09	O
Red	T-0
Sea	T-0
/	O
Japan	T-1
W160	O
Marubeni	B-ORG
.	O

-	O
ASIA	T-0
/	O
PACIFIC	B-LOC

Neptune	B-ORG
Crux	I-ORG
30	O
02/09	O
Singapore	T-0
/	O
options	O
$	O
185,000	O
Sietco	O
.	O

Neptune	T-0
Crux	T-0
30	T-0
02/09	T-0
Singapore	B-LOC
/	O
options	O
$	O
185,000	O
Sietco	O
.	O

Neptune	O
Crux	O
30	O
02/09	O
Singapore	T-0
/	O
options	O
$	O
185,000	O
Sietco	B-ORG
.	O

World	B-ORG
Bridge	I-ORG
30	O
03/09	O
South	T-0
Korea	T-0
/	O
Japan	O
rnr	O
CNR	O
.	O

World	T-0
Bridge	T-0
30	O
03/09	O
South	B-LOC
Korea	I-LOC
/	O
Japan	T-1
rnr	O
CNR	O
.	O

World	T-0
Bridge	T-2
30	O
03/09	O
South	T-1
Korea	T-1
/	O
Japan	B-LOC
rnr	O
CNR	O
.	O

World	O
Bridge	O
30	O
03/09	O
South	T-0
Korea	T-0
/	O
Japan	T-1
rnr	O
CNR	B-ORG
.	O

Fulmar	T-0
30	T-0
28/08	T-0
Ulsan	B-LOC
/	O
Yosu	T-1
$	O
105,000	O
LG	O
Caltex	O
.	O

Fulmar	T-0
30	T-0
28/08	T-0
Ulsan	T-0
/	T-0
Yosu	T-0
$	T-0
105,000	T-0
LG	B-ORG
Caltex	I-ORG
.	O

Hemina	B-ORG
33	O
05/09	O
Eleusis	O
/	O
UKCM	T-0
W155	T-0
CNR	T-0
.	O

Hemina	O
33	O
05/09	O
Eleusis	B-ORG
/	O
UKCM	T-0
W155	O
CNR	O
.	O

Hemina	O
33	O
05/09	O
Eleusis	O
/	O
UKCM	B-ORG
W155	T-0
CNR	T-0
.	T-0

Hemina	T-0
33	O
05/09	O
Eleusis	T-1
/	O
UKCM	O
W155	O
CNR	B-ORG
.	O

--	O
London	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
,	O
+44	T-0
171	T-0
542	T-0
8980	T-0

CRICKET	T-0
-	O
PAKISTAN	B-LOC
229-1	O
V	O
ENGLAND	O
-	O
close	O
.	O

CRICKET	T-0
-	T-0
PAKISTAN	T-0
229-1	O
V	O
ENGLAND	B-LOC
-	O
close	T-1
.	O

Saeed	B-PER
Anwar	I-PER
not	T-0
out	T-0
116	O

Aamir	B-PER
Sohail	I-PER
c	O
Cork	T-0
b	O
Croft	O
46	O

Aamir	T-1
Sohail	T-1
c	O
Cork	B-PER
b	T-0
Croft	T-0
46	T-0

Ijaz	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
not	O
out	T-0
58	O

To	T-0
bat	T-0
-	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	B-PER
Malik	I-PER
,	O
Asif	O
Mujtaba	O
,	O
Wasim	O
Akram	O
,	O
Moin	O
Khan	O
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
,	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
,	O
Mohammad	O
Akam	O

To	T-0
bat	T-0
-	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	T-1
Malik	T-1
,	O
Asif	B-PER
Mujtaba	I-PER
,	O
Wasim	O
Akram	O
,	O
Moin	O
Khan	O
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
,	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
,	O
Mohammad	O
Akam	O

To	O
bat	T-0
-	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	O
,	O
Salim	O
Malik	O
,	O
Asif	O
Mujtaba	O
,	O
Wasim	O
Akram	O
,	O
Moin	B-PER
Khan	I-PER
,	O
Mushtaq	O
Ahmed	O
,	O
Waqar	O
Younis	O
,	O
Mohammad	O
Akam	O

To	O
bat	O
-	O
Inzamam-ul-Haq	T-0
,	O
Salim	T-1
Malik	T-1
,	O
Asif	T-2
Mujtaba	T-2
,	O
Wasim	T-3
Akram	T-3
,	O
Moin	T-4
Khan	T-4
,	O
Mushtaq	B-PER
Ahmed	I-PER
,	O
Waqar	T-5
Younis	T-5
,	O
Mohammad	O
Akam	O

RTRS	B-ORG
-	O
Golf	O
:	O
Norman	T-1
sacks	T-1
his	O
coach	T-2
after	O
disappointing	T-3
season	O
.	O

RTRS	O
-	O
Golf	O
:	O
Norman	B-PER
sacks	T-1
his	T-2
coach	O
after	O
disappointing	T-0
season	O
.	O

World	O
number	O
one	O
golfer	O
Greg	B-PER
Norman	I-PER
has	T-2
sacked	T-2
his	O
coach	T-0
Butch	O
Harmon	O
after	O
a	O
disappointing	O
season	O
.	O

World	O
number	O
one	O
golfer	O
Greg	O
Norman	O
has	O
sacked	O
his	O
coach	T-0
Butch	B-PER
Harmon	I-PER
after	O
a	O
disappointing	O
season	O
.	O

"	O
Butch	B-PER
and	O
I	O
are	T-1
finished	O
,	O
"	O
Norman	T-0
told	O
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
before	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
World	O
Series	O
of	O
Golf	O
in	O
Akron	T-2
,	O
Ohio	T-3
.	O

"	O
Butch	O
and	O
I	O
are	O
finished	O
,	O
"	O
Norman	B-PER
told	T-0
reporters	T-1
on	O
Thursday	O
before	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
World	O
Series	O
of	O
Golf	O
in	O
Akron	O
,	O
Ohio	O
.	T-2

"	O
Butch	O
and	O
I	O
are	O
finished	O
,	O
"	O
Norman	O
told	T-0
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
before	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
World	B-MISC
Series	I-MISC
of	I-MISC
Golf	I-MISC
in	O
Akron	T-1
,	O
Ohio	O
.	O

"	O
Butch	O
and	O
I	O
are	O
finished	T-0
,	O
"	O
Norman	T-3
told	T-1
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
before	O
the	O
start	T-2
of	O
the	O
World	O
Series	O
of	O
Golf	O
in	T-4
Akron	B-LOC
,	O
Ohio	T-5
.	O

"	O
Butch	O
and	O
I	O
are	O
finished	O
,	O
"	O
Norman	O
told	O
reporters	O
on	O
Thursday	O
before	O
the	O
start	O
of	O
the	O
World	O
Series	O
of	O
Golf	O
in	O
Akron	T-0
,	O
Ohio	B-LOC
.	O

Norman	B-PER
,	O
a	T-0
two-time	T-2
British	O
Open	O
champion	T-3
,	O
parted	T-1
ways	O
with	O
his	O
long-time	O
mentor	O
after	O
drawing	O
a	O
blank	O
in	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
four	O
majors	O
,	O
winning	O
two	O
tournaments	O
worldwide	O
.	O

Norman	T-1
,	O
a	O
two-time	T-0
British	B-MISC
Open	I-MISC
champion	O
,	O
parted	O
ways	O
with	O
his	O
long-time	O
mentor	O
after	O
drawing	T-2
a	O
blank	O
in	O
this	O
year	O
's	O
four	O
majors	O
,	O
winning	O
two	O
tournaments	O
worldwide	O
.	O

The	T-2
blonde	T-2
Australian	B-MISC
opened	T-1
with	O
a	O
level	O
par	O
round	O
of	O
70	O
in	O
Akron	O
,	O
leaving	O
him	O
four	O
shots	O
adrift	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	O
,	O
Americans	O
Billy	O
Mayfair	O
and	O
Paul	O
Goydos	O
and	O
Japan	O
's	O
Hidemichi	O
Tanaki	O
.	O

The	O
blonde	O
Australian	O
opened	O
with	O
a	O
level	O
par	O
round	O
of	O
70	O
in	T-0
Akron	B-LOC
,	O
leaving	O
him	O
four	O
shots	O
adrift	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	O
,	O
Americans	O
Billy	O
Mayfair	O
and	O
Paul	O
Goydos	O
and	O
Japan	O
's	O
Hidemichi	O
Tanaki	O
.	O

The	O
blonde	O
Australian	O
opened	T-1
with	O
a	O
level	O
par	O
round	O
of	O
70	O
in	O
Akron	O
,	O
leaving	O
him	O
four	O
shots	O
adrift	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	T-0
,	O
Americans	B-MISC
Billy	O
Mayfair	O
and	O
Paul	O
Goydos	O
and	O
Japan	O
's	O
Hidemichi	O
Tanaki	O
.	O

The	O
blonde	O
Australian	T-0
opened	O
with	O
a	O
level	O
par	O
round	O
of	O
70	O
in	O
Akron	T-1
,	O
leaving	O
him	O
four	O
shots	O
adrift	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	O
,	O
Americans	T-4
Billy	B-PER
Mayfair	I-PER
and	O
Paul	T-2
Goydos	T-2
and	O
Japan	O
's	O
Hidemichi	T-3
Tanaki	T-3
.	O

The	O
blonde	O
Australian	O
opened	T-3
with	O
a	O
level	O
par	O
round	O
of	O
70	O
in	O
Akron	O
,	O
leaving	T-4
him	O
four	O
shots	O
adrift	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	T-0
,	O
Americans	T-1
Billy	T-2
Mayfair	T-2
and	O
Paul	B-PER
Goydos	I-PER
and	O
Japan	O
's	O
Hidemichi	T-5
Tanaki	T-5
.	O

The	O
blonde	O
Australian	T-1
opened	O
with	O
a	O
level	O
par	O
round	O
of	O
70	O
in	O
Akron	T-0
,	O
leaving	O
him	O
four	O
shots	O
adrift	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	O
,	O
Americans	O
Billy	O
Mayfair	O
and	O
Paul	O
Goydos	O
and	T-2
Japan	B-LOC
's	O
Hidemichi	O
Tanaki	O
.	O

The	O
blonde	O
Australian	O
opened	O
with	O
a	O
level	O
par	O
round	O
of	O
70	O
in	O
Akron	O
,	O
leaving	T-2
him	O
four	O
shots	O
adrift	O
of	O
the	O
leaders	O
,	O
Americans	O
Billy	O
Mayfair	T-0
and	O
Paul	O
Goydos	T-1
and	O
Japan	O
's	O
Hidemichi	B-PER
Tanaki	I-PER
.	O

On	O
Wednesday	O
Norman	B-PER
described	T-0
this	O
year	O
as	O
his	O
worst	O
on	O
the	O
professional	O
circuit	O
since	O
1991	O
,	O
when	O
he	O
failed	O
to	O
win	O
a	O
tournament	O
.	O

"	O
My	O
application	T-1
this	O
year	O
has	O
been	O
strange	T-0
,	O
"	O
Norman	B-PER
said	O
.	O
"	O

Soccer	O
-	O
Arab	B-MISC
team	O
breaks	T-0
new	O
ground	O
in	O
Israel	O
.	O

Soccer	T-0
-	O
Arab	O
team	O
breaks	O
new	O
ground	O
in	T-1
Israel	B-LOC
.	O

TAIBE	B-LOC
,	O
Israel	T-0
1996-08-23	T-0

For	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	T-1
Israeli	B-MISC
history	O
,	O
an	O
Arab	O
team	O
will	O
take	T-0
the	O
field	O
when	O
the	O
National	O
League	O
soccer	O
season	O
starts	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
Israeli	T-0
history	O
,	O
an	T-1
Arab	B-MISC
team	O
will	O
take	O
the	O
field	O
when	O
the	O
National	T-2
League	O
soccer	O
season	O
starts	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
first	T-1
time	T-1
in	O
Israeli	O
history	O
,	O
an	O
Arab	O
team	O
will	O
take	T-2
the	O
field	O
when	O
the	O
National	B-MISC
League	I-MISC
soccer	T-4
season	T-4
starts	T-3
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

Hapoel	B-ORG
Taibe	I-ORG
fields	O
four	O
Jewish	O
players	T-0
and	O
two	O
foreign	O
imports	O
--	O
a	O
Pole	O
and	O
a	O
Romanian	O
.	O

Hapoel	T-0
Taibe	O
fields	O
four	O
Jewish	B-MISC
players	O
and	O
two	O
foreign	O
imports	O
--	O
a	O
Pole	O
and	O
a	O
Romanian	O
.	O

Hapoel	O
Taibe	O
fields	T-1
four	O
Jewish	O
players	O
and	O
two	O
foreign	T-0
imports	T-0
--	O
a	O
Pole	B-MISC
and	O
a	O
Romanian	O
.	O

Hapoel	O
Taibe	O
fields	O
four	O
Jewish	O
players	O
and	O
two	O
foreign	O
imports	O
--	O
a	O
Pole	T-0
and	T-1
a	T-1
Romanian	B-MISC
.	O

The	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
side	T-0
is	T-1
made	T-1
up	T-1
mainly	T-2
of	O
Moslem	B-MISC
Arabs	I-MISC
.	O

The	O
club	O
,	O
founded	T-0
in	T-0
1961	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
loyal	O
following	O
in	O
Taibe	B-LOC
,	O
an	O
Arab	O
town	O
of	O
28,000	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
Israel	O
.	O

The	T-2
club	T-2
,	O
founded	T-3
in	O
1961	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
loyal	O
following	O
in	O
Taibe	T-0
,	O
an	O
Arab	B-MISC
town	O
of	O
28,000	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
Israel	O
.	O

The	O
club	O
,	O
founded	T-0
in	O
1961	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
loyal	O
following	O
in	O
Taibe	T-1
,	O
an	O
Arab	T-2
town	T-2
of	O
28,000	O
in	O
the	O
heart	O
of	O
Israel	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
The	O
very	O
first	O
thing	O
we	O
thought	O
about	O
after	O
we	O
knew	O
we	O
would	O
be	O
promoted	O
was	O
the	O
game	T-2
against	T-3
Betar	B-ORG
Jerusalem	I-ORG
,	O
"	O
said	O
Taibe	T-0
supporter	T-1
Karem	O
Haj	O
Yihye	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
very	O
first	O
thing	O
we	O
thought	O
about	O
after	O
we	O
knew	O
we	O
would	O
be	O
promoted	O
was	O
the	O
game	O
against	O
Betar	T-0
Jerusalem	T-0
,	O
"	O
said	O
Taibe	B-ORG
supporter	T-1
Karem	O
Haj	O
Yihye	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
very	O
first	O
thing	O
we	O
thought	O
about	O
after	O
we	O
knew	O
we	O
would	O
be	O
promoted	O
was	O
the	O
game	T-1
against	O
Betar	O
Jerusalem	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Taibe	T-2
supporter	T-0
Karem	B-PER
Haj	I-PER
Yihye	I-PER
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
Taibe	B-ORG
,	O
coached	O
by	O
Pole	O
Wojtek	O
Lazarek	O
,	O
met	O
Betar	O
,	O
a	O
club	O
closely	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Likud	O
party	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
a	O
Cup	T-0
match	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
Taibe	T-1
,	O
coached	T-0
by	O
Pole	B-MISC
Wojtek	O
Lazarek	O
,	O
met	O
Betar	O
,	O
a	O
club	O
closely	O
associated	T-2
with	T-2
the	O
right-wing	O
Likud	O
party	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
a	O
Cup	O
match	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
Taibe	O
,	O
coached	T-1
by	O
Pole	T-2
Wojtek	B-PER
Lazarek	I-PER
,	O
met	O
Betar	T-3
,	O
a	O
club	T-0
closely	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Likud	T-4
party	T-4
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
a	O
Cup	O
match	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
Taibe	O
,	O
coached	O
by	O
Pole	O
Wojtek	O
Lazarek	O
,	O
met	O
Betar	B-ORG
,	O
a	O
club	O
closely	O
associated	T-0
with	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Likud	O
party	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
a	O
Cup	O
match	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
Taibe	O
,	O
coached	O
by	O
Pole	O
Wojtek	O
Lazarek	O
,	O
met	O
Betar	O
,	O
a	O
club	O
closely	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
right-wing	T-1
Likud	B-ORG
party	T-2
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
a	O
Cup	O
match	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
Taibe	O
,	O
coached	T-0
by	O
Pole	O
Wojtek	O
Lazarek	O
,	O
met	O
Betar	O
,	O
a	O
club	O
closely	O
associated	T-1
with	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Likud	O
party	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	T-2
time	T-2
in	O
a	O
Cup	B-MISC
match	O
in	O
Jerusalem	O
.	O

Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
Taibe	T-1
,	O
coached	O
by	O
Pole	O
Wojtek	O
Lazarek	O
,	O
met	O
Betar	O
,	O
a	O
club	O
closely	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
right-wing	O
Likud	O
party	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
in	O
a	O
Cup	O
match	T-0
in	O
Jerusalem	B-LOC
.	O

Chants	O
from	O
the	O
crowd	O
of	O
"	O
Death	T-1
to	O
the	O
Arabs	B-MISC
"	O
,	O
and	O
bottle-throwing	T-2
during	O
the	O
game	T-3
marred	T-0
the	O
match	O
which	O
ended	O
in	O
a	O
goalless	T-4
draw	T-4
.	O

One	O
Taibe	B-ORG
supporter	T-0
required	T-1
hospital	O
treatment	T-2
for	O
cuts	O
and	O
bruises	O
after	O
a	O
stone	O
struck	O
his	O
head	O
as	O
he	O
was	O
driving	T-3
from	O
the	O
stadium	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
're	O
used	O
to	O
hearing	O
the	O
taunts	O
of	O
"	O
Death	O
to	O
the	O
Arabs	B-MISC
'	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Sameh	T-1
Haj	T-1
Yihye	T-1
,	O
a	O
Taibe	O
resident	O
who	O
studies	O
at	O
Jerusalem	T-0
's	O
Hebrew	O
University	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
We	O
're	O
used	O
to	O
hearing	O
the	O
taunts	O
of	O
"	O
Death	O
to	O
the	O
Arabs	O
'	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-0
Sameh	B-PER
Haj	I-PER
Yihye	I-PER
,	O
a	O
Taibe	T-2
resident	O
who	O
studies	T-3
at	O
Jerusalem	T-1
's	T-1
Hebrew	T-1
University	T-1
.	O
"	O

"	O
We	O
're	O
used	O
to	O
hearing	O
the	O
taunts	O
of	O
"	O
Death	O
to	O
the	O
Arabs	O
'	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-1
Sameh	O
Haj	O
Yihye	O
,	O
a	O
Taibe	B-LOC
resident	T-0
who	O
studies	O
at	O
Jerusalem	O
's	O
Hebrew	O
University	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
We	O
're	O
used	T-1
to	O
hearing	O
the	O
taunts	O
of	O
"	O
Death	O
to	O
the	O
Arabs	O
'	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Sameh	O
Haj	O
Yihye	O
,	O
a	O
Taibe	T-2
resident	T-2
who	T-0
studies	T-0
at	T-0
Jerusalem	B-LOC
's	O
Hebrew	O
University	O
.	O
"	O

"	O
We	O
're	O
used	O
to	O
hearing	O
the	O
taunts	T-1
of	O
"	O
Death	O
to	O
the	O
Arabs	O
'	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Sameh	O
Haj	O
Yihye	O
,	O
a	O
Taibe	O
resident	O
who	O
studies	T-0
at	O
Jerusalem	O
's	O
Hebrew	B-ORG
University	I-ORG
.	O
"	O

The	O
dusty	T-2
town	T-2
of	O
Taibe	B-LOC
lacks	T-1
the	O
amenities	O
of	O
Jewish	O
communities	O
and	O
many	O
Israeli	O
Arabs	O
have	O
long	O
complained	T-0
of	O
state	O
discrimination	T-3
.	O

The	O
dusty	O
town	T-2
of	T-2
Taibe	T-2
lacks	T-0
the	O
amenities	O
of	O
Jewish	B-MISC
communities	T-1
and	O
many	O
Israeli	O
Arabs	O
have	O
long	O
complained	O
of	O
state	O
discrimination	O
.	O

The	O
dusty	O
town	O
of	O
Taibe	O
lacks	O
the	O
amenities	T-2
of	O
Jewish	O
communities	O
and	O
many	O
Israeli	B-MISC
Arabs	I-MISC
have	O
long	O
complained	T-0
of	O
state	O
discrimination	T-1
.	O

"	O
There	O
are	O
no	O
parks	O
or	O
empty	T-1
areas	T-1
of	O
land	O
around	O
here	O
,	O
so	O
when	O
we	O
want	O
to	O
play	O
a	O
friendly	O
game	T-2
of	T-2
soccer	T-2
we	O
all	O
load	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
car	O
and	O
travel	O
to	T-0
Tel	B-LOC
Aviv	I-LOC
,	O
"	O
60	T-3
km	T-3
(	T-3
36	T-3
miles	T-3
)	T-3
away	T-3
,	O
Sameh	O
Haj	O
Yihye	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
plan	O
to	T-1
build	T-1
a	O
10,000-seat	O
stadium	T-2
,	O
but	O
it	O
may	O
well	O
be	O
situated	O
elsewhere	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
club	O
chairman	T-0
Abdul	B-PER
Rahman	I-PER
Haj	I-PER
Yihye	I-PER
.	O
"	O

In	O
the	O
meantime	O
,	O
Taibe	B-ORG
will	T-1
play	T-2
all	O
their	O
heavily	O
policed	O
home	O
matches	T-3
at	T-0
the	O
Jewish	O
coastal	O
town	O
of	O
Netanya	T-4
.	T-4

In	O
the	O
meantime	O
,	O
Taibe	T-2
will	O
play	O
all	O
their	O
heavily	O
policed	O
home	O
matches	T-0
at	O
the	O
Jewish	B-MISC
coastal	T-1
town	O
of	O
Netanya	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
meantime	O
,	O
Taibe	O
will	O
play	T-1
all	O
their	O
heavily	O
policed	O
home	T-0
matches	T-0
at	O
the	O
Jewish	T-2
coastal	T-2
town	O
of	O
Netanya	B-LOC
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	T-0
Israelis	B-MISC
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
question	O
about	O
that	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
Karem	T-2
Haj	T-2
Yihye	T-2
,	O
a	O
hotel	T-1
waiter	T-1
.	O

"	O
We	O
are	O
Israelis	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
question	O
about	O
that	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-0
Karem	B-PER
Haj	I-PER
Yihye	I-PER
,	O
a	O
hotel	T-1
waiter	T-1
.	O

"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
any	O
connection	T-0
with	O
the	O
Palestinians	B-MISC
,	O
they	O
live	T-3
over	O
there	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	T-1
,	O
pointing	T-2
to	O
the	O
West	T-4
Bank	T-4
seven	O
km	O
(	O
four	O
miles	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
east	O
.	O

"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
any	O
connection	O
with	O
the	O
Palestinians	T-1
,	O
they	O
live	O
over	T-2
there	T-2
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
pointing	T-0
to	T-0
the	T-0
West	B-LOC
Bank	I-LOC
seven	O
km	O
(	O
four	O
miles	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
east	T-3
.	O

"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
our	O
club	O
represents	T-2
Palestinian	O
Arabs	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
club	T-0
chairman	T-1
Abdul	B-PER
Rahman	I-PER
.	O
"	O

We	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
do	O
all	O
we	O
can	O
to	O
run	O
a	O
professional	O
outfit	O
,	O
we	O
are	O
pleased	O
at	O
any	O
support	O
we	O
get	O
,	O
but	O
do	O
not	O
go	O
out	O
looking	O
to	O
represent	T-2
the	T-1
whole	T-1
Arab	B-MISC
world	T-0
.	O
"	O

Soccer	T-2
-	O
Kennedy	B-PER
and	T-0
Phelan	O
both	T-1
out	T-1
of	T-1
Irish	O
squad	O
.	O

Soccer	O
-	O
Kennedy	O
and	O
Phelan	B-PER
both	O
out	T-0
of	T-0
Irish	T-2
squad	T-1
.	O

Soccer	T-2
-	O
Kennedy	T-0
and	O
Phelan	T-1
both	O
out	O
of	O
Irish	B-MISC
squad	O
.	O

Two	O
players	O
have	O
withdrawn	T-1
from	O
the	O
Republic	B-LOC
of	I-LOC
Ireland	I-LOC
squad	T-0
for	O
the	O
1998	O
World	O
Cup	O
qualifying	O
match	O
against	O
Liechenstein	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
,	O
the	O
Football	O
Association	O
of	O
Ireland	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Two	O
players	O
have	O
withdrawn	T-1
from	O
the	O
Republic	T-2
of	T-2
Ireland	T-2
squad	T-2
for	O
the	O
1998	O
World	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
qualifying	T-0
match	O
against	O
Liechenstein	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
,	O
the	O
Football	O
Association	O
of	O
Ireland	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Two	O
players	O
have	O
withdrawn	O
from	O
the	O
Republic	O
of	O
Ireland	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
1998	O
World	O
Cup	O
qualifying	O
match	O
against	T-0
Liechenstein	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
31	O
,	O
the	O
Football	O
Association	O
of	O
Ireland	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	T-1
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Two	O
players	O
have	O
withdrawn	O
from	O
the	O
Republic	O
of	O
Ireland	O
squad	O
for	O
the	O
1998	O
World	O
Cup	O
qualifying	O
match	O
against	O
Liechenstein	O
on	O
August	O
31	O
,	O
the	T-1
Football	B-ORG
Association	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Ireland	I-ORG
said	T-0
in	O
a	O
statement	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	T-5
F.A.I.	B-ORG
statement	T-6
said	T-3
that	O
Liverpool	T-0
striker	T-0
Mark	O
Kennedy	T-4
and	O
Chelsea	T-1
defender	T-1
Terry	O
Phelan	O
were	O
both	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
for	O
injuries	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
travelling	O
to	O
Liechenstein	O
for	O
the	O
game	T-2
.	O

The	O
F.A.I.	T-1
statement	T-0
said	O
that	O
Liverpool	B-ORG
striker	O
Mark	T-2
Kennedy	T-2
and	O
Chelsea	T-3
defender	O
Terry	T-4
Phelan	T-4
were	O
both	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
for	O
injuries	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
travelling	O
to	O
Liechenstein	O
for	O
the	O
game	O
.	O

The	O
F.A.I.	O
statement	O
said	O
that	O
Liverpool	O
striker	T-0
Mark	B-PER
Kennedy	I-PER
and	O
Chelsea	O
defender	O
Terry	T-2
Phelan	T-2
were	O
both	O
receiving	T-1
treatment	T-1
for	T-1
injuries	T-1
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
travelling	O
to	O
Liechenstein	O
for	O
the	O
game	O
.	O

The	O
F.A.I.	O
statement	O
said	T-3
that	O
Liverpool	T-0
striker	O
Mark	O
Kennedy	O
and	O
Chelsea	B-ORG
defender	T-1
Terry	O
Phelan	O
were	O
both	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
for	O
injuries	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
travelling	O
to	O
Liechenstein	O
for	O
the	O
game	T-2
.	O

The	O
F.A.I.	O
statement	O
said	T-0
that	O
Liverpool	O
striker	O
Mark	O
Kennedy	O
and	O
Chelsea	O
defender	O
Terry	B-PER
Phelan	I-PER
were	O
both	O
receiving	T-2
treatment	O
for	O
injuries	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
travelling	O
to	O
Liechenstein	T-1
for	O
the	O
game	O
.	O

The	O
F.A.I.	O
statement	O
said	T-1
that	O
Liverpool	T-2
striker	O
Mark	O
Kennedy	O
and	O
Chelsea	O
defender	O
Terry	O
Phelan	O
were	O
both	O
receiving	O
treatment	O
for	O
injuries	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
travelling	T-0
to	O
Liechenstein	B-LOC
for	O
the	T-3
game	T-3
.	O

--	O
Damien	B-PER
Lynch	I-PER
,	O
Dublin	O
Newsroom	O
+353	T-0
1	T-0
6603377	T-0

Soccer	T-0
-	O
Manchester	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
face	T-2
Juventus	O
in	T-1
Europe	O
.	O

Soccer	O
-	O
Manchester	O
United	O
face	T-0
Juventus	B-ORG
in	O
Europe	T-1
.	O

Soccer	O
-	O
Manchester	T-0
United	T-0
face	O
Juventus	O
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
.	O

European	B-MISC
champions	T-0
Juventus	O
will	O
face	T-1
English	O
league	O
and	O
cup	O
double	O
winners	O
Manchester	O
United	O
in	O
this	O
season	O
's	O
European	T-2
Champions	T-2
'	T-2
League	T-2
.	O

European	O
champions	T-1
Juventus	B-ORG
will	O
face	O
English	O
league	O
and	O
cup	O
double	O
winners	O
Manchester	O
United	O
in	O
this	O
season	O
's	O
European	O
Champions	T-0
'	O
League	O
.	O

European	T-3
champions	T-3
Juventus	T-0
will	O
face	T-1
English	B-MISC
league	T-2
and	O
cup	O
double	O
winners	O
Manchester	O
United	O
in	O
this	O
season	O
's	O
European	O
Champions	O
'	O
League	O
.	O

European	O
champions	O
Juventus	T-1
will	O
face	O
English	O
league	O
and	O
cup	O
double	O
winners	T-2
Manchester	B-ORG
United	I-ORG
in	O
this	T-0
season	T-0
's	T-0
European	O
Champions	O
'	O
League	O
.	O

European	O
champions	T-0
Juventus	O
will	O
face	O
English	O
league	O
and	O
cup	O
double	O
winners	O
Manchester	T-1
United	O
in	O
this	O
season	T-2
's	O
European	B-MISC
Champions	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
League	I-MISC
.	O

The	O
draw	T-2
made	T-3
on	O
Friday	O
pitted	T-1
Juventus	B-ORG
,	O
who	O
beat	T-4
Dutch	O
champions	T-0
Ajax	O
Amsterdam	O
4-2	O
on	O
penalties	O
in	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
,	O
against	O
Alex	O
Ferguson	O
's	O
European	O
hopefuls	O
in	O
group	O
C	O
.	O

The	O
draw	O
made	T-1
on	O
Friday	O
pitted	O
Juventus	O
,	O
who	O
beat	T-2
Dutch	B-MISC
champions	T-0
Ajax	O
Amsterdam	O
4-2	O
on	O
penalties	O
in	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
,	O
against	O
Alex	O
Ferguson	O
's	O
European	O
hopefuls	O
in	O
group	O
C	O
.	O

The	O
draw	O
made	O
on	O
Friday	O
pitted	O
Juventus	O
,	O
who	O
beat	O
Dutch	O
champions	T-1
Ajax	B-ORG
Amsterdam	I-ORG
4-2	O
on	O
penalties	O
in	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
,	O
against	O
Alex	O
Ferguson	O
's	O
European	T-0
hopefuls	O
in	O
group	O
C	O
.	O

The	O
draw	O
made	O
on	O
Friday	O
pitted	O
Juventus	O
,	O
who	T-1
beat	O
Dutch	O
champions	O
Ajax	O
Amsterdam	O
4-2	O
on	O
penalties	O
in	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
,	O
against	T-0
Alex	B-PER
Ferguson	I-PER
's	O
European	O
hopefuls	O
in	O
group	O
C	O
.	O

The	O
draw	O
made	O
on	O
Friday	O
pitted	O
Juventus	O
,	O
who	O
beat	O
Dutch	O
champions	O
Ajax	O
Amsterdam	O
4-2	O
on	O
penalties	O
in	O
last	O
year	O
's	O
final	O
,	O
against	O
Alex	O
Ferguson	T-1
's	O
European	B-MISC
hopefuls	T-0
in	O
group	O
C	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
two	T-3
teams	T-3
in	O
the	O
group	O
are	O
last	T-4
season	T-4
's	T-4
Cup	B-MISC
Winners	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
runners-up	T-2
Rapid	T-0
Vienna	T-0
and	O
Fenerbahce	T-5
of	O
Turkey	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
two	O
teams	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
are	O
last	T-2
season	O
's	O
Cup	T-0
Winners	T-0
'	T-0
Cup	T-1
runners-up	T-1
Rapid	B-ORG
Vienna	I-ORG
and	O
Fenerbahce	T-3
of	O
Turkey	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
two	O
teams	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
are	O
last	O
season	T-1
's	T-1
Cup	T-1
Winners	T-1
'	O
Cup	O
runners-up	O
Rapid	T-2
Vienna	T-2
and	O
Fenerbahce	B-ORG
of	O
Turkey	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
two	O
teams	O
in	O
the	O
group	O
are	O
last	O
season	O
's	O
Cup	O
Winners	T-3
'	O
Cup	O
runners-up	T-0
Rapid	O
Vienna	T-1
and	O
Fenerbahce	T-2
of	O
Turkey	B-LOC
.	O

Juventus	B-ORG
meet	O
United	O
in	O
Turin	T-0
on	O
September	O
11	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
return	O
match	O
at	O
Old	O
Trafford	O
on	O
November	O
20	O
.	O

Juventus	T-0
meet	T-0
United	B-ORG
in	O
Turin	O
on	O
September	O
11	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
return	O
match	O
at	O
Old	O
Trafford	O
on	O
November	O
20	O
.	O

Juventus	O
meet	O
United	T-1
in	T-0
Turin	B-LOC
on	O
September	O
11	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
return	O
match	O
at	O
Old	O
Trafford	O
on	O
November	O
20	O
.	O

Juventus	T-1
meet	O
United	O
in	T-0
Turin	O
on	O
September	O
11	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
return	O
match	O
at	O
Old	B-LOC
Trafford	I-LOC
on	O
November	O
20	O
.	O

United	B-ORG
have	O
dominated	T-0
the	O
premier	T-2
league	T-2
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	O
championships	O
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	T-1
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
crashing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	O
Cup	O
to	O
Galatasaray	O
of	O
Turkey	O
and	O
Spain	O
's	O
Barcelona	O
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	O
attempts	O
.	O

United	O
have	O
dominated	T-1
the	O
premier	O
league	O
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	B-MISC
championships	T-0
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	T-2
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
crashing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	T-4
Cup	T-4
to	O
Galatasaray	O
of	O
Turkey	O
and	O
Spain	O
's	O
Barcelona	O
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	T-3
attempts	T-3
.	O

United	O
have	O
dominated	T-1
the	O
premier	T-2
league	T-2
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	T-0
championships	T-0
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	T-3
in	O
Europe	B-LOC
,	O
crashing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	T-5
Cup	T-5
to	O
Galatasaray	O
of	O
Turkey	O
and	O
Spain	O
's	O
Barcelona	O
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	T-4
attempts	T-4
.	O

United	O
have	O
dominated	O
the	O
premier	O
league	O
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	O
championships	O
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	O
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
crashing	T-4
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
to	O
Galatasaray	T-0
of	O
Turkey	T-1
and	O
Spain	T-2
's	O
Barcelona	T-3
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	O
attempts	O
.	O

United	O
have	O
dominated	T-0
the	O
premier	T-1
league	T-1
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	O
championships	O
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	T-2
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
crashing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	O
Cup	O
to	O
Galatasaray	B-ORG
of	O
Turkey	O
and	O
Spain	O
's	O
Barcelona	O
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	O
attempts	O
.	O

United	O
have	O
dominated	O
the	O
premier	O
league	O
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	O
championships	O
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	T-2
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
crashing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	O
Cup	O
to	O
Galatasaray	T-0
of	O
Turkey	B-LOC
and	O
Spain	O
's	O
Barcelona	T-1
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	O
attempts	O
.	O

United	O
have	O
dominated	T-1
the	O
premier	O
league	O
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	O
championships	O
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	O
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
crashing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	O
Cup	O
to	O
Galatasaray	O
of	O
Turkey	T-0
and	O
Spain	B-LOC
's	O
Barcelona	O
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	O
attempts	O
.	O

United	O
have	O
dominated	T-0
the	O
premier	T-2
league	T-2
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
winning	O
three	O
English	T-3
championships	T-3
in	O
four	O
years	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
consistently	O
failed	T-1
in	O
Europe	O
,	O
crashing	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
European	T-4
Cup	T-4
to	O
Galatasaray	O
of	O
Turkey	O
and	O
Spain	O
's	O
Barcelona	B-ORG
at	O
their	O
last	O
two	O
attempts	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
not	O
lifted	T-0
a	O
European	B-MISC
Trophy	I-MISC
since	O
1991	O
when	O
they	O
beat	T-1
Barcelona	O
in	O
the	O
Cup	O
Winners	O
'	O
Cup	O
final	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
one	O
and	O
only	O
European	O
Cup	O
triumph	O
was	O
way	O
back	O
in	O
1968	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Benfica	O
of	O
Portugal	O
4-1	O
at	O
Wembley	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
not	O
lifted	T-3
a	O
European	O
Trophy	O
since	O
1991	T-0
when	O
they	O
beat	T-1
Barcelona	B-ORG
in	O
the	O
Cup	O
Winners	T-2
'	T-2
Cup	T-2
final	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
one	O
and	O
only	O
European	O
Cup	O
triumph	T-4
was	O
way	O
back	O
in	O
1968	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Benfica	O
of	O
Portugal	O
4-1	O
at	O
Wembley	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
not	O
lifted	T-3
a	O
European	O
Trophy	O
since	O
1991	O
when	O
they	O
beat	T-1
Barcelona	T-0
in	O
the	O
Cup	B-MISC
Winners	I-MISC
'	I-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
final	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
one	O
and	O
only	O
European	O
Cup	O
triumph	T-2
was	O
way	O
back	O
in	O
1968	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Benfica	O
of	O
Portugal	O
4-1	O
at	O
Wembley	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
not	O
lifted	T-1
a	O
European	T-0
Trophy	O
since	O
1991	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Barcelona	O
in	O
the	O
Cup	O
Winners	O
'	O
Cup	T-2
final	T-2
,	O
and	O
their	O
one	O
and	O
only	O
European	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
triumph	O
was	O
way	O
back	O
in	O
1968	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Benfica	O
of	O
Portugal	O
4-1	O
at	O
Wembley	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
not	O
lifted	O
a	O
European	T-2
Trophy	T-2
since	O
1991	O
when	O
they	O
beat	T-0
Barcelona	O
in	O
the	O
Cup	O
Winners	O
'	O
Cup	O
final	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
one	O
and	O
only	O
European	T-1
Cup	T-1
triumph	O
was	O
way	O
back	O
in	O
1968	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
beat	T-3
Benfica	B-ORG
of	T-4
Portugal	O
4-1	O
at	O
Wembley	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
not	O
lifted	T-0
a	O
European	O
Trophy	O
since	O
1991	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Barcelona	O
in	O
the	O
Cup	O
Winners	O
'	O
Cup	O
final	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
one	O
and	O
only	O
European	O
Cup	O
triumph	O
was	O
way	O
back	O
in	O
1968	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
beat	T-1
Benfica	O
of	O
Portugal	B-LOC
4-1	O
at	O
Wembley	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
not	O
lifted	O
a	O
European	O
Trophy	O
since	O
1991	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Barcelona	T-0
in	O
the	O
Cup	O
Winners	O
'	O
Cup	T-2
final	T-2
,	O
and	O
their	O
one	O
and	O
only	O
European	O
Cup	O
triumph	O
was	O
way	O
back	O
in	O
1968	O
,	O
when	O
they	O
beat	O
Benfica	O
of	O
Portugal	T-1
4-1	O
at	O
Wembley	B-LOC
.	O

Juventus	B-ORG
have	O
won	O
the	O
European	T-0
Cup	O
twice	O
.	O

Juventus	T-0
have	O
won	O
the	O
European	B-MISC
Cup	I-MISC
twice	O
.	O

Before	O
conquering	T-2
Ajax	B-ORG
last	O
year	O
they	O
beat	O
United	O
's	O
big	O
English	O
rivals	O
Liverpool	O
in	O
the	O
ill-fated	O
1985	O
final	O
in	O
the	O
Heysel	T-0
stadium	O
in	O
Brussels	T-1
.	O

Before	O
conquering	O
Ajax	T-1
last	O
year	O
they	T-0
beat	T-3
United	B-ORG
's	O
big	O
English	T-2
rivals	T-2
Liverpool	O
in	O
the	O
ill-fated	O
1985	O
final	O
in	O
the	O
Heysel	O
stadium	O
in	O
Brussels	O
.	O

Before	O
conquering	T-1
Ajax	O
last	O
year	O
they	O
beat	T-2
United	T-0
's	T-0
big	T-0
English	B-MISC
rivals	O
Liverpool	O
in	O
the	O
ill-fated	O
1985	O
final	O
in	O
the	O
Heysel	O
stadium	O
in	O
Brussels	O
.	O

Before	O
conquering	T-1
Ajax	T-2
last	O
year	O
they	O
beat	T-0
United	O
's	O
big	O
English	O
rivals	O
Liverpool	B-ORG
in	O
the	O
ill-fated	O
1985	O
final	O
in	O
the	O
Heysel	O
stadium	O
in	O
Brussels	O
.	O

Before	O
conquering	O
Ajax	O
last	O
year	O
they	O
beat	O
United	O
's	O
big	O
English	O
rivals	O
Liverpool	T-0
in	O
the	O
ill-fated	O
1985	O
final	T-1
in	O
the	O
Heysel	B-LOC
stadium	T-2
in	O
Brussels	O
.	O

Before	O
conquering	O
Ajax	O
last	O
year	O
they	O
beat	T-2
United	O
's	O
big	O
English	O
rivals	O
Liverpool	T-1
in	O
the	O
ill-fated	O
1985	O
final	O
in	O
the	O
Heysel	O
stadium	O
in	T-0
Brussels	B-LOC
.	O

Nigeria	B-LOC
police	T-0
kill	T-1
six	O
robbery	O
suspects	O
.	O

Nigerian	B-MISC
police	T-1
shot	O
dead	O
six	O
robbery	T-3
suspects	O
as	O
they	O
tried	O
to	O
escape	O
from	O
custody	T-4
in	O
the	O
northern	O
city	O
of	O
Sokoto	T-0
,	O
the	O
national	O
news	O
agency	O
reported	T-2
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Nigerian	O
police	O
shot	T-0
dead	O
six	O
robbery	O
suspects	O
as	O
they	O
tried	T-1
to	O
escape	O
from	O
custody	O
in	O
the	O
northern	O
city	O
of	O
Sokoto	B-LOC
,	O
the	O
national	O
news	O
agency	O
reported	T-2
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

The	O
News	B-ORG
Agency	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Nigeria	I-ORG
(	O
NAN	T-0
)	O
quoted	T-1
police	O
spokesman	O
Umar	O
Shelling	O
as	O
saying	O
the	O
six	O
were	O
killed	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

The	O
News	O
Agency	O
of	O
Nigeria	O
(	O
NAN	B-ORG
)	O
quoted	O
police	O
spokesman	T-0
Umar	O
Shelling	O
as	O
saying	O
the	O
six	O
were	O
killed	O
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

The	O
News	O
Agency	O
of	O
Nigeria	O
(	O
NAN	O
)	O
quoted	O
police	O
spokesman	O
Umar	B-PER
Shelling	I-PER
as	O
saying	T-0
the	O
six	O
were	O
killed	T-1
on	O
Wednesday	O
.	O

Rwandan	B-MISC
group	O
says	T-0
expulsion	O
could	O
be	O
imminent	O
.	O

Repatriation	T-0
of	O
1.1	O
million	O
Rwandan	B-MISC
Hutu	I-MISC
refugees	O
announced	O
by	O
Zaire	O
and	O
Rwanda	O
on	O
Thursday	O
could	O
start	O
within	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
an	O
exiled	O
Rwandan	O
Hutu	O
lobby	O
group	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Repatriation	T-0
of	O
1.1	O
million	O
Rwandan	T-2
Hutu	T-2
refugees	O
announced	O
by	O
Zaire	B-LOC
and	O
Rwanda	T-3
on	O
Thursday	O
could	O
start	O
within	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
an	O
exiled	O
Rwandan	O
Hutu	O
lobby	O
group	T-1
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Repatriation	T-2
of	O
1.1	O
million	O
Rwandan	O
Hutu	O
refugees	O
announced	O
by	O
Zaire	T-3
and	O
Rwanda	B-LOC
on	O
Thursday	O
could	T-1
start	T-1
within	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
an	O
exiled	O
Rwandan	O
Hutu	O
lobby	O
group	O
said	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Repatriation	O
of	O
1.1	O
million	T-1
Rwandan	O
Hutu	O
refugees	O
announced	O
by	O
Zaire	O
and	O
Rwanda	O
on	O
Thursday	O
could	O
start	O
within	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
days	O
,	O
an	O
exiled	T-0
Rwandan	B-MISC
Hutu	I-MISC
lobby	O
group	O
said	O
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

Innocent	B-PER
Butare	I-PER
,	O
executive	T-4
secretary	T-4
of	O
the	O
Rally	O
for	O
the	O
Return	O
of	O
Refugees	O
and	O
Democracy	O
in	O
Rwanda	T-0
(	O
RDR	O
)	O
which	O
says	T-5
it	O
has	O
the	O
support	T-1
of	O
Rwanda	O
's	O
exiled	O
Hutus	O
,	O
appealed	O
to	O
the	O
international	O
community	O
to	O
deter	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
from	O
going	O
ahead	O
with	O
what	O
it	O
termed	O
a	O
"	O
forced	T-2
and	O
inhuman	T-3
action	O
"	O
.	O

Innocent	T-0
Butare	T-0
,	O
executive	O
secretary	O
of	O
the	O
Rally	B-ORG
for	I-ORG
the	I-ORG
Return	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Refugees	I-ORG
and	I-ORG
Democracy	I-ORG
in	I-ORG
Rwanda	I-ORG
(	O
RDR	T-1
)	O
which	O
says	O
it	O
has	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
Rwanda	O
's	O
exiled	O
Hutus	O
,	O
appealed	O
to	O
the	O
international	O
community	O
to	O
deter	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
from	O
going	O
ahead	O
with	O
what	O
it	O
termed	O
a	O
"	O
forced	T-2
and	O
inhuman	T-3
action	O
"	O
.	O

Innocent	O
Butare	O
,	O
executive	O
secretary	O
of	O
the	O
Rally	T-1
for	O
the	O
Return	T-2
of	T-2
Refugees	T-2
and	T-2
Democracy	T-2
in	O
Rwanda	T-0
(	O
RDR	B-ORG
)	O
which	O
says	O
it	O
has	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
Rwanda	O
's	O
exiled	O
Hutus	O
,	O
appealed	O
to	O
the	O
international	O
community	O
to	O
deter	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
from	O
going	O
ahead	O
with	O
what	O
it	O
termed	O
a	O
"	O
forced	O
and	O
inhuman	O
action	O
"	O
.	O

Innocent	O
Butare	T-2
,	O
executive	O
secretary	O
of	O
the	O
Rally	O
for	O
the	O
Return	O
of	O
Refugees	O
and	O
Democracy	O
in	O
Rwanda	O
(	O
RDR	O
)	O
which	O
says	O
it	O
has	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
Rwanda	B-LOC
's	T-0
exiled	O
Hutus	O
,	O
appealed	T-1
to	O
the	O
international	O
community	O
to	O
deter	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
from	O
going	O
ahead	O
with	O
what	O
it	O
termed	O
a	O
"	O
forced	O
and	O
inhuman	O
action	O
"	O
.	O

Innocent	O
Butare	O
,	O
executive	O
secretary	O
of	O
the	O
Rally	O
for	O
the	O
Return	T-1
of	O
Refugees	O
and	O
Democracy	O
in	O
Rwanda	O
(	O
RDR	O
)	O
which	O
says	T-2
it	O
has	O
the	O
support	O
of	O
Rwanda	O
's	O
exiled	O
Hutus	B-MISC
,	O
appealed	T-3
to	O
the	O
international	T-0
community	T-0
to	O
deter	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
from	O
going	O
ahead	O
with	O
what	O
it	O
termed	O
a	O
"	O
forced	O
and	O
inhuman	O
action	O
"	O
.	O

Orthodox	T-2
church	T-2
blown	T-1
up	O
in	O
southern	T-0
Croatia	B-LOC
.	O

Saboteurs	T-1
blew	O
up	O
a	O
Serb	B-MISC
orthodox	T-0
church	O
in	O
southern	O
Croatia	O
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
blast	O
which	O
also	O
damaged	O
four	O
nearby	O
homes	O
,	O
the	O
state	O
news	O
agency	O
Hina	O
reported	O
.	O

Saboteurs	O
blew	O
up	O
a	O
Serb	T-1
orthodox	O
church	O
in	O
southern	T-0
Croatia	B-LOC
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
blast	O
which	O
also	O
damaged	O
four	O
nearby	O
homes	O
,	O
the	O
state	O
news	O
agency	O
Hina	T-2
reported	O
.	O

Saboteurs	O
blew	O
up	O
a	O
Serb	T-1
orthodox	T-1
church	T-1
in	O
southern	T-0
Croatia	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
with	O
a	O
blast	O
which	O
also	O
damaged	O
four	O
nearby	O
homes	T-2
,	O
the	O
state	O
news	O
agency	O
Hina	B-ORG
reported	O
.	O

HINA	B-ORG
said	T-2
the	O
church	T-1
in	O
the	O
small	O
village	O
of	O
Karin	T-0
Gornji	T-0
,	O
30	O
km	O
(	O
19	O
miles	O
)	O
north	O
of	O
Zadar	O
,	O
was	O
destroyed	O
by	O
the	O
morning	O
attack	O
.	O

HINA	O
said	O
the	O
church	O
in	O
the	O
small	O
village	T-0
of	O
Karin	B-LOC
Gornji	I-LOC
,	O
30	O
km	O
(	O
19	O
miles	O
)	O
north	T-1
of	O
Zadar	T-2
,	O
was	O
destroyed	O
by	O
the	O
morning	O
attack	O
.	O

HINA	T-0
said	T-1
the	O
church	T-2
in	O
the	O
small	O
village	O
of	O
Karin	O
Gornji	O
,	O
30	O
km	O
(	O
19	O
miles	O
)	O
north	T-3
of	T-3
Zadar	B-LOC
,	O
was	T-4
destroyed	T-4
by	T-4
the	O
morning	O
attack	O
.	O

Zadar	B-LOC
police	T-1
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
they	O
had	O
launched	O
an	O
investigation	T-0
and	O
were	O
doing	O
their	O
best	O
to	O
find	O
the	O
perpetrators	O
.	O

HINA	B-ORG
said	T-0
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
an	O
orthodox	O
church	T-1
had	O
been	O
blown	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
Zadar	T-2
hinterland	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
Serbs	O
lived	O
before	O
the	O
1991	O
war	O
over	O
Croatia	O
's	O
independence	O
from	O
the	O
Yugoslav	O
federation	O
.	O

HINA	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
an	O
orthodox	O
church	T-0
had	O
been	O
blown	O
up	O
in	T-1
the	T-1
Zadar	B-LOC
hinterland	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
Serbs	O
lived	O
before	O
the	O
1991	O
war	O
over	O
Croatia	O
's	O
independence	O
from	O
the	O
Yugoslav	T-2
federation	T-2
.	O

HINA	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
an	O
orthodox	O
church	O
had	O
been	O
blown	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
Zadar	T-2
hinterland	T-2
,	O
where	O
a	O
large	O
number	T-0
of	T-0
Serbs	B-MISC
lived	T-1
before	O
the	O
1991	O
war	O
over	O
Croatia	O
's	O
independence	O
from	O
the	O
Yugoslav	O
federation	O
.	O

HINA	T-2
said	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
an	O
orthodox	T-3
church	O
had	O
been	O
blown	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
Zadar	T-4
hinterland	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
Serbs	O
lived	O
before	O
the	O
1991	O
war	O
over	O
Croatia	B-LOC
's	O
independence	T-1
from	O
the	O
Yugoslav	O
federation	O
.	O

HINA	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
an	O
orthodox	T-1
church	T-1
had	O
been	O
blown	O
up	O
in	O
the	O
Zadar	O
hinterland	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
Serbs	O
lived	O
before	O
the	O
1991	O
war	O
over	O
Croatia	O
's	O
independence	O
from	O
the	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
federation	T-0
.	O

The	O
area	O
was	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
self-styled	T-1
state	T-1
of	T-1
Krajina	B-LOC
proclaimed	T-0
by	O
minority	O
Serbs	O
in	O
1991	O
and	O
recaptured	O
by	O
the	O
Croatian	O
army	T-2
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	T-2
area	T-2
was	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
self-styled	O
state	O
of	O
Krajina	O
proclaimed	O
by	T-0
minority	T-0
Serbs	B-MISC
in	O
1991	O
and	O
recaptured	O
by	O
the	O
Croatian	T-1
army	O
last	O
year	O
.	O

The	O
area	O
was	O
part	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
self-styled	T-0
state	T-0
of	T-0
Krajina	T-0
proclaimed	O
by	O
minority	O
Serbs	O
in	O
1991	O
and	O
recaptured	O
by	O
the	O
Croatian	B-MISC
army	T-1
last	O
year	O
.	O

Up	O
to	O
200,000	O
Serbs	B-MISC
fled	T-1
to	O
Bosnia	O
and	O
Yugoslavia	O
,	O
leaving	O
Krajina	O
vacant	O
and	O
depopulated	T-0
.	O

Up	O
to	O
200,000	O
Serbs	T-0
fled	O
to	O
Bosnia	B-LOC
and	T-2
Yugoslavia	T-2
,	O
leaving	O
Krajina	O
vacant	O
and	O
depopulated	O
.	O

Up	O
to	O
200,000	T-0
Serbs	T-0
fled	T-1
to	T-1
Bosnia	O
and	O
Yugoslavia	B-LOC
,	O
leaving	T-2
Krajina	O
vacant	O
and	O
depopulated	O
.	O

Up	O
to	O
200,000	O
Serbs	O
fled	T-2
to	O
Bosnia	O
and	O
Yugoslavia	O
,	O
leaving	T-1
Krajina	B-LOC
vacant	T-0
and	O
depopulated	O
.	O

Hungary	B-LOC
's	O
gross	O
foreign	T-0
debt	T-1
rises	O
in	O
June	O
.	O

Hungary	B-LOC
's	O
gross	T-0
foreign	T-1
debt	O
rose	O
to	O
$	O
27.53	O
billion	O
in	O
June	O
from	O
$	O
27.25	O
billion	O
in	O
May	O
,	O
the	O

National	B-ORG
Bank	I-ORG
of	I-ORG
Hungary	I-ORG
(	O
NBH	T-1
)	O
said	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

National	O
Bank	O
of	O
Hungary	O
(	O
NBH	B-ORG
)	O
said	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

government	O
and	O
NBH	B-ORG
9,510.9	O
10,056.4	T-0

Germany	B-LOC
,	O
Poland	T-0
tighten	O
cooperation	T-2
against	T-1
crime	O
.	O

Germany	O
,	O
Poland	B-LOC
tighten	T-0
cooperation	O
against	O
crime	O
.	O

Germany	B-LOC
and	O
Poland	O
agreed	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
to	O
tighten	O
cooperation	O
between	O
their	O
intelligence	O
services	O
in	O
fighting	O
international	T-1
organised	O
crime	O
,	O
PAP	O
news	O
agency	O
reported	O
.	O

Germany	T-0
and	O
Poland	B-LOC
agreed	O
on	O
Friday	O
to	O
tighten	O
cooperation	O
between	O
their	O
intelligence	O
services	O
in	O
fighting	O
international	O
organised	O
crime	O
,	O
PAP	O
news	O
agency	T-1
reported	O
.	O

Germany	O
and	O
Poland	O
agreed	T-2
on	O
Friday	O
to	O
tighten	O
cooperation	O
between	O
their	O
intelligence	O
services	O
in	O
fighting	T-0
international	O
organised	O
crime	O
,	O
PAP	B-ORG
news	O
agency	O
reported	T-1
.	O

Interior	B-ORG
Minister	T-0
Zbigniew	T-2
Siemiatkowski	O
and	O
Bernd	O
Schmidbauer	T-3
,	O
German	O
intelligence	O
co-ordinator	O
in	O
Helmut	O
Kohl	O
's	O
chancellery	O
,	O
sealed	T-1
the	O
closer	O
links	O
during	O
talks	O
in	O
Warsaw	O
.	O

Interior	O
Minister	O
Zbigniew	B-PER
Siemiatkowski	I-PER
and	O
Bernd	T-1
Schmidbauer	T-1
,	O
German	O
intelligence	T-0
co-ordinator	O
in	O
Helmut	T-2
Kohl	T-2
's	O
chancellery	O
,	O
sealed	O
the	O
closer	O
links	O
during	O
talks	O
in	O
Warsaw	O
.	O

Interior	O
Minister	T-0
Zbigniew	O
Siemiatkowski	O
and	O
Bernd	B-PER
Schmidbauer	I-PER
,	O
German	O
intelligence	O
co-ordinator	O
in	O
Helmut	O
Kohl	O
's	O
chancellery	O
,	O
sealed	T-1
the	O
closer	O
links	O
during	O
talks	O
in	O
Warsaw	O
.	O

Interior	O
Minister	O
Zbigniew	O
Siemiatkowski	O
and	O
Bernd	O
Schmidbauer	O
,	O
German	B-MISC
intelligence	O
co-ordinator	O
in	O
Helmut	O
Kohl	O
's	O
chancellery	O
,	O
sealed	O
the	O
closer	O
links	O
during	O
talks	T-0
in	O
Warsaw	O
.	O

Interior	O
Minister	O
Zbigniew	O
Siemiatkowski	O
and	O
Bernd	O
Schmidbauer	O
,	O
German	O
intelligence	O
co-ordinator	O
in	O
Helmut	B-PER
Kohl	I-PER
's	O
chancellery	O
,	O
sealed	T-0
the	O
closer	T-1
links	T-1
during	O
talks	T-2
in	O
Warsaw	O
.	O

Interior	O
Minister	O
Zbigniew	O
Siemiatkowski	O
and	O
Bernd	O
Schmidbauer	O
,	O
German	O
intelligence	O
co-ordinator	O
in	O
Helmut	O
Kohl	O
's	O
chancellery	O
,	O
sealed	T-1
the	O
closer	T-0
links	O
during	O
talks	O
in	O
Warsaw	B-LOC
.	O

Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Ryszard	B-PER
Hincza	I-PER
told	T-0
the	O
Polish	O
agency	O
the	O
services	O
would	O
work	O
together	O
against	O
mafia-style	O
groups	O
,	O
drug	O
smuggling	O
and	O
illegal	O
trade	O
in	O
arms	O
and	O
radioactive	O
materials	O
.	O

Ministry	O
spokesman	O
Ryszard	T-2
Hincza	T-2
told	T-0
the	O
Polish	B-MISC
agency	T-1
the	O
services	O
would	O
work	O
together	O
against	O
mafia-style	T-3
groups	O
,	O
drug	T-4
smuggling	T-4
and	O
illegal	T-5
trade	O
in	O
arms	O
and	O
radioactive	O
materials	O
.	T-3

Russians	B-MISC
,	O
Chechens	O
say	T-1
observing	T-1
Grozny	T-0
ceasefire	T-0
.	T-0

Russians	T-0
,	O
Chechens	B-MISC
say	O
observing	T-1
Grozny	O
ceasefire	T-2
.	O

Russians	O
,	O
Chechens	T-1
say	T-1
observing	T-1
Grozny	B-LOC
ceasefire	T-0
.	O

Rebel	T-0
fighters	T-0
and	O
Russian	B-MISC
soldiers	T-1
said	T-2
a	O
ceasefire	T-5
effective	O
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	O
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
was	O
being	O
generally	O
observed	T-3
,	O
although	O
scattered	O
gunfire	T-4
echoed	O
through	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
Grozny	O
.	O

Rebel	O
fighters	O
and	O
Russian	T-0
soldiers	O
said	O
a	O
ceasefire	T-1
effective	T-1
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
was	O
being	O
generally	O
observed	O
,	O
although	O
scattered	O
gunfire	O
echoed	O
through	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
Grozny	O
.	O

Rebel	T-1
fighters	O
and	O
Russian	T-2
soldiers	T-3
said	O
a	O
ceasefire	O
effective	O
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	O
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
was	O
being	O
generally	O
observed	O
,	O
although	O
scattered	O
gunfire	O
echoed	O
through	T-0
the	T-0
Chechen	B-MISC
capital	T-4
Grozny	O
.	O

Rebel	T-0
fighters	T-0
and	O
Russian	T-1
soldiers	T-1
said	O
a	O
ceasefire	O
effective	O
at	O
noon	O
(	O
0800	O
GMT	O
)	O
on	O
Friday	O
was	O
being	O
generally	O
observed	O
,	O
although	O
scattered	O
gunfire	O
echoed	O
through	O
the	O
Chechen	O
capital	O
Grozny	B-LOC
.	O

The	O
Russian	B-MISC
army	O
said	T-0
earlier	O
it	O
was	O
preparing	O
to	O
withdraw	O
from	O
the	O
rebel-dominated	O
southern	O
mountains	O
of	O
the	O
region	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
peace	O
deal	O
reached	O
with	O
separatists	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
There	O
has	O
been	O
some	O
shooting	T-0
from	O
their	O
side	O
but	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
relatively	O
quiet	O
,	O
"	O
said	T-1
fighter	O
Aslan	B-PER
Shabazov	I-PER
,	O
a	O
bearded	O
man	O
wearing	O
a	O
white	O
t-shirt	O
and	O
camoflage	T-2
trousers	T-2
.	O

Soon	O
after	O
he	O
spoke	O
another	O
burst	O
of	O
gunfire	O
rocked	O
the	O
courtyard	O
where	O
the	O
rebels	O
had	O
set	O
up	O
their	O
base	O
and	O
a	O
captured	T-1
Russian	B-MISC
T-72	T-0
tank	T-0
roared	O
out	O
to	O
investigate	O
.	O

Soon	O
after	O
he	O
spoke	O
another	O
burst	O
of	O
gunfire	O
rocked	O
the	O
courtyard	T-1
where	O
the	O
rebels	O
had	O
set	O
up	O
their	O
base	O
and	O
a	O
captured	T-0
Russian	T-2
T-72	B-MISC
tank	O
roared	O
out	O
to	O
investigate	O
.	O

The	O
separatists	O
,	O
who	O
swept	O
into	O
Grozny	B-LOC
on	O
August	O
6	O
,	O
still	O
control	O
large	T-1
areas	T-1
of	O
the	O
centre	T-0
of	T-0
town	T-0
,	O
and	O
Russian	O
soldiers	O
are	O
based	O
at	O
checkpoints	O
on	O
the	O
approach	O
roads	O
.	O

The	O
separatists	O
,	O
who	O
swept	T-1
into	O
Grozny	O
on	O
August	O
6	O
,	O
still	O
control	T-2
large	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
centre	O
of	O
town	O
,	O
and	O
Russian	B-MISC
soldiers	O
are	O
based	T-0
at	O
checkpoints	T-3
on	T-3
the	T-3
approach	T-3
roads	T-3
.	O

"	O
The	O
ceasefire	T-0
is	O
being	O
observed	T-2
,	O
"	O
said	T-3
woman	T-1
soldier	T-1
Svetlana	B-PER
Goncharova	I-PER
,	O
35	O
,	O
short	O
dark	O
hair	O
poking	O
out	O
from	O
under	O
a	O
peaked	O
camouflage	O
cap	O
.	O

The	O
truce	T-1
,	O
the	O
latest	O
of	O
several	O
,	O
was	O
agreed	O
in	O
talks	O
on	O
Thursday	O
between	T-0
Russian	B-MISC
peacemaker	T-2
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
and	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	O
Maskhadov	O
.	O

The	O
truce	O
,	O
the	O
latest	O
of	O
several	O
,	O
was	O
agreed	O
in	O
talks	O
on	O
Thursday	O
between	O
Russian	O
peacemaker	T-1
Alexander	B-PER
Lebed	I-PER
and	O
rebel	O
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	T-0
Maskhadov	T-0
.	O

The	O
truce	O
,	O
the	O
latest	O
of	O
several	O
,	O
was	O
agreed	O
in	O
talks	O
on	O
Thursday	O
between	O
Russian	O
peacemaker	O
Alexander	O
Lebed	O
and	O
rebel	T-0
chief-of-staff	O
Aslan	B-PER
Maskhadov	I-PER
.	O

The	O
two	O
also	O
agreed	T-1
to	O
set	T-0
up	T-0
joint	O
patrols	O
in	O
Grozny	B-LOC
,	O
but	O
Goncharova	O
said	O
she	O
was	O
sceptical	O
about	O
whether	O
this	O
could	O
work	O
.	O

The	O
two	O
also	O
agreed	T-1
to	O
set	O
up	O
joint	O
patrols	O
in	O
Grozny	O
,	O
but	O
Goncharova	B-PER
said	T-0
she	T-0
was	T-0
sceptical	T-0
about	O
whether	O
this	O
could	O
work	O
.	O

WEATHER	O
-	O
Conditions	T-0
at	T-2
CIS	B-LOC
airports	T-1
-	O
August	O
23	O
.	O

No	O
closures	T-0
of	O
airports	T-3
in	O
the	O
Commonwealth	B-LOC
of	I-LOC
Independent	I-LOC
States	I-LOC
are	O
expected	T-2
on	O
August	O
24	O
and	O
August	O
25	O
,	O
the	O
Russian	T-4
Weather	O
Service	O
said	T-1
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

No	O
closures	O
of	O
airports	T-1
in	O
the	O
Commonwealth	T-2
of	T-2
Independent	T-2
States	T-2
are	O
expected	O
on	O
August	O
24	O
and	O
August	O
25	O
,	O
the	O
Russian	B-ORG
Weather	I-ORG
Service	I-ORG
said	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
.	O

--	O
Moscow	B-ORG
Newsroom	I-ORG
+7095	T-1
941	T-1
8520	T-1

Granic	B-PER
arrives	T-0
to	O
sign	T-1
Croatia-Yugoslavia	T-2
treaty	O
.	O

Granic	O
arrives	T-1
to	T-1
sign	O
Croatia-Yugoslavia	B-LOC
treaty	T-2
.	O

Yugoslavia	B-LOC
and	O
Croatia	O
were	O
poised	T-0
on	O
Friday	O
to	O
sign	O
a	O
landmark	O
normalisation	O
treaty	T-1
ending	O
five	O
years	O
of	O
tensions	O
and	O
paving	O
way	O
for	O
stabilisation	O
in	O
the	O
Balkans	O
.	O

Yugoslavia	T-0
and	T-2
Croatia	B-LOC
were	T-1
poised	T-1
on	O
Friday	O
to	O
sign	O
a	O
landmark	O
normalisation	O
treaty	O
ending	O
five	O
years	O
of	O
tensions	O
and	O
paving	O
way	O
for	O
stabilisation	O
in	O
the	O
Balkans	T-3
.	O

Yugoslavia	O
and	O
Croatia	O
were	O
poised	O
on	O
Friday	O
to	O
sign	O
a	O
landmark	T-0
normalisation	O
treaty	T-3
ending	O
five	O
years	O
of	O
tensions	O
and	O
paving	O
way	T-1
for	O
stabilisation	O
in	T-2
the	T-2
Balkans	B-LOC
.	O

Croatian	B-MISC
Foreign	T-0
Minister	O
Mate	O
Granic	O
landed	T-1
at	O
Belgrade	O
airport	O
aboard	O
a	O
Croatian	O
government	O
jet	O
on	O
Friday	O
morning	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
his	O
Yugoslav	O
counterparts	O
and	O
a	O
signing	O
ceremony	O
expected	O
around	O
noon	O
(	O
1000	O
GMT	O
)	O
.	T-0

Croatian	T-1
Foreign	T-1
Minister	T-2
Mate	B-PER
Granic	I-PER
landed	T-0
at	O
Belgrade	O
airport	O
aboard	O
a	O
Croatian	O
government	O
jet	O
on	O
Friday	O
morning	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
his	O
Yugoslav	O
counterparts	O
and	O
a	O
signing	O
ceremony	O
expected	O
around	O
noon	O
(	O
1000	O
GMT	O
)	O
.	O

Croatian	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Mate	T-2
Granic	T-2
landed	T-0
at	T-0
Belgrade	B-LOC
airport	T-1
aboard	O
a	O
Croatian	O
government	O
jet	O
on	O
Friday	O
morning	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
his	O
Yugoslav	O
counterparts	O
and	O
a	O
signing	O
ceremony	O
expected	O
around	O
noon	O
(	O
1000	O
GMT	O
)	O
.	O

Croatian	T-0
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Mate	O
Granic	O
landed	T-1
at	T-1
Belgrade	T-1
airport	T-1
aboard	T-1
a	T-1
Croatian	B-MISC
government	T-2
jet	T-2
on	T-2
Friday	T-2
morning	T-2
for	O
talks	O
with	O
his	O
Yugoslav	O
counterparts	O
and	O
a	O
signing	O
ceremony	O
expected	O
around	O
noon	O
(	O
1000	O
GMT	O
)	O
.	O

Croatian	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Mate	O
Granic	O
landed	O
at	O
Belgrade	O
airport	O
aboard	T-1
a	O
Croatian	O
government	T-0
jet	O
on	O
Friday	O
morning	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
his	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
counterparts	T-2
and	O
a	O
signing	O
ceremony	O
expected	O
around	O
noon	O
(	O
1000	O
GMT	O
)	O
.	O

Croatian	O
Foreign	O
Minister	O
Mate	O
Granic	O
landed	O
at	O
Belgrade	T-0
airport	O
aboard	O
a	O
Croatian	O
government	O
jet	O
on	O
Friday	O
morning	O
for	O
talks	O
with	O
his	O
Yugoslav	O
counterparts	T-2
and	O
a	O
signing	T-1
ceremony	T-1
expected	O
around	O
noon	O
(	O
1000	O
GMT	B-MISC
)	O
.	O

On	O
Thursday	O
the	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
government	T-0
endorsed	O
the	O
text	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	T-1
on	O
normalising	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
,	O
the	O
Yugoslav	O
news	O
agency	O
Tanjug	T-2
said	O
.	O

On	O
Thursday	O
the	O
Yugoslav	O
government	O
endorsed	O
the	O
text	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
on	O
normalising	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
,	O
the	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
news	O
agency	O
Tanjug	O
said	T-0
.	O

On	O
Thursday	O
the	O
Yugoslav	T-2
government	T-2
endorsed	T-3
the	O
text	O
of	O
the	O
agreement	O
on	O
normalising	O
relations	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
countries	O
,	O
the	O
Yugoslav	O
news	O
agency	T-1
Tanjug	B-ORG
said	T-0
.	O

"	O
The	O
government	O
assessed	O
the	O
agreement	T-1
as	O
a	O
crucial	O
step	O
to	O
resolving	T-2
the	O
Yugoslav	B-MISC
crisis	T-0
,	O
ensuring	O
the	O
restoration	T-4
of	O
peace	T-3
in	O
former	O
Yugoslavia	O
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	O
.	O

"	O
The	O
government	T-0
assessed	O
the	O
agreement	O
as	O
a	O
crucial	T-1
step	O
to	O
resolving	O
the	O
Yugoslav	T-2
crisis	O
,	O
ensuring	O
the	O
restoration	O
of	O
peace	O
in	O
former	O
Yugoslavia	B-LOC
,	O
"	O
it	O
said	O
.	O

The	O
pact	O
ends	O
five	O
years	O
of	O
hostility	T-1
after	O
Croatia	B-LOC
's	T-0
secession	O
from	O
federal	O
Yugoslavia	O
.	O

The	O
pact	O
ends	T-0
five	O
years	O
of	O
hostility	O
after	O
Croatia	T-1
's	O
secession	O
from	O
federal	O
Yugoslavia	B-LOC
.	O

Western	B-MISC
powers	O
regard	O
diplomatic	O
normalisation	O
between	O
Croatia	T-0
and	O
Serbia	T-1
,	O
twin	O
pillars	O
of	O
the	O
old	O
multinational	O
federal	O
Yugoslavia	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
crucial	O
step	O
towards	O
a	O
lasting	O
peace	O
in	O
the	O
Balkans	O
.	O

Western	O
powers	O
regard	O
diplomatic	O
normalisation	O
between	O
Croatia	B-LOC
and	T-3
Serbia	T-3
,	O
twin	O
pillars	O
of	O
the	O
old	O
multinational	O
federal	O
Yugoslavia	T-1
,	O
as	O
a	O
crucial	O
step	O
towards	O
a	O
lasting	O
peace	O
in	O
the	O
Balkans	T-2
.	O

Western	O
powers	O
regard	O
diplomatic	O
normalisation	O
between	O
Croatia	T-1
and	O
Serbia	B-LOC
,	O
twin	T-0
pillars	T-0
of	O
the	O
old	O
multinational	O
federal	O
Yugoslavia	T-2
,	O
as	O
a	O
crucial	O
step	O
towards	O
a	O
lasting	O
peace	O
in	O
the	T-3
Balkans	T-3
.	O

Western	O
powers	O
regard	O
diplomatic	O
normalisation	O
between	O
Croatia	T-0
and	O
Serbia	T-1
,	O
twin	T-3
pillars	O
of	O
the	O
old	O
multinational	T-2
federal	O
Yugoslavia	B-LOC
,	O
as	O
a	O
crucial	O
step	O
towards	O
a	O
lasting	O
peace	O
in	O
the	O
Balkans	O
.	O

Western	T-1
powers	T-1
regard	O
diplomatic	O
normalisation	T-2
between	O
Croatia	O
and	O
Serbia	O
,	O
twin	O
pillars	O
of	O
the	O
old	O
multinational	O
federal	O
Yugoslavia	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
crucial	O
step	O
towards	O
a	O
lasting	T-3
peace	T-0
in	O
the	O
Balkans	B-LOC
.	O

Ecuador	B-LOC
president	T-1
to	O
lunch	T-0
with	O
ethnic	T-2
Indians	T-2
.	O

Ecuador	O
president	T-2
to	O
lunch	T-0
with	O
ethnic	T-1
Indians	B-MISC
.	O

QUITO	B-LOC
,	O
Ecuador	T-0
1996-08-23	O

QUITO	T-0
,	O
Ecuador	B-LOC
1996-08-23	O

Ecuador	B-LOC
's	O
President	T-0
Abdala	O
Bucaram	O
has	O
announced	T-1
he	O
will	O
hold	O
regular	O
lunches	O
in	O
his	O
presidential	O
palace	T-2
for	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
different	O
ethnic	O
groups	O
as	O
of	O
next	O
week	O
.	O

Ecuador	T-0
's	T-0
President	T-2
Abdala	B-PER
Bucaram	I-PER
has	O
announced	T-3
he	O
will	O
hold	O
regular	O
lunches	T-1
in	O
his	O
presidential	O
palace	O
for	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
country	O
's	O
different	O
ethnic	O
groups	O
as	O
of	O
next	O
week	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
was	O
about	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
Indians	B-MISC
,	O
the	O
blacks	T-0
and	O
the	O
mixed-bloods	T-1
to	O
begin	O
eating	O
in	O
the	O
palace	O
with	O
their	O
president	O
because	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
palace	O
exclusively	O
for	O
the	O
potentates	O
and	O
ambassadors	T-2
and	O
protocol	O
,	O
"	O
Bucaram	O
said	O
late	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
It	O
was	O
about	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
Indians	O
,	O
the	O
blacks	O
and	O
the	O
mixed-bloods	O
to	O
begin	O
eating	O
in	O
the	O
palace	O
with	O
their	O
president	T-3
because	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
palace	O
exclusively	O
for	O
the	O
potentates	T-1
and	O
ambassadors	T-2
and	O
protocol	O
,	O
"	O
Bucaram	B-PER
said	T-0
late	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

"	O
In	O
these	O
weekly	O
lunches	O
we	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
get	O
to	O
know	O
the	O
problems	T-0
of	O
the	O
Indian	B-MISC
,	O
mixed-race	O
,	O
black	O
and	O
peasant	O
sectors	O
,	O
"	O
he	O
said	O
.	O

He	O
has	O
invited	T-1
35	O
Indian	B-MISC
leaders	T-0
to	O
lunch	O
next	O
Tuesday	O
.	O

Bucaram	B-PER
,	O
who	O
was	O
elected	T-0
on	O
a	O
populist	T-1
platform	O
last	O
month	O
,	O
also	O
plans	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
ministry	O
for	O
ethnic	O
cultures	O
.	O

The	T-2
Andean	B-MISC
nation	O
's	O
population	T-1
of	O
11.4	O
million	O
is	O
47	O
percent	O
indigenous	T-0
.	O

Brazil	B-LOC
to	O
use	T-1
hovercrafts	O
for	O
Amazon	O
travel	T-0
.	O

Brazil	T-0
to	O
use	O
hovercrafts	T-1
for	T-3
Amazon	B-LOC
travel	T-2
.	O

Hovercrafts	O
will	O
soon	O
be	O
plying	O
the	O
waters	T-1
of	O
the	O
Amazon	B-LOC
in	O
a	O
bid	T-0
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
difficulties	O
of	O
transportation	O
on	O
the	O
vast	O
Brazilian	T-2
waterway	O
,	O
the	O
government	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Hovercrafts	T-0
will	O
soon	O
be	O
plying	O
the	O
waters	T-1
of	T-1
the	T-1
Amazon	O
in	O
a	O
bid	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
difficulties	O
of	O
transportation	T-3
on	O
the	O
vast	O
Brazilian	B-MISC
waterway	T-2
,	O
the	O
government	O
said	O
on	O
Thursday	O
.	O

Two	T-0
Russian-built	B-MISC
hovercrafts	T-1
,	O
capable	O
of	O
carrying	T-3
up	O
to	O
50	O
tons	O
each	O
,	O
will	O
begin	O
ferrying	O
passengers	O
and	O
cargo	O
up	O
and	O
down	O
the	O
huge	O
river	O
from	O
its	O
mouth	O
at	O
Belem	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
Brazil	O
's	O
Amazon	T-2
Affairs	T-2
Department	T-2
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

Two	O
Russian-built	O
hovercrafts	T-0
,	O
capable	O
of	O
carrying	O
up	O
to	O
50	O
tons	O
each	O
,	O
will	O
begin	O
ferrying	O
passengers	O
and	O
cargo	O
up	O
and	O
down	O
the	O
huge	O
river	O
from	O
its	O
mouth	O
at	T-1
Belem	B-LOC
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
Brazil	O
's	O
Amazon	O
Affairs	O
Department	O
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	O

Two	O
Russian-built	T-1
hovercrafts	O
,	O
capable	O
of	O
carrying	O
up	O
to	O
50	O
tons	O
each	O
,	O
will	O
begin	O
ferrying	O
passengers	O
and	O
cargo	O
up	O
and	O
down	O
the	O
huge	O
river	O
from	O
its	O
mouth	O
at	O
Belem	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
Brazil	B-LOC
's	O
Amazon	O
Affairs	O
Department	O
said	T-0
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	T-1

Two	O
Russian-built	O
hovercrafts	T-2
,	O
capable	O
of	O
carrying	T-0
up	O
to	O
50	O
tons	O
each	O
,	O
will	O
begin	O
ferrying	O
passengers	O
and	O
cargo	O
up	O
and	O
down	O
the	O
huge	O
river	O
from	O
its	O
mouth	O
at	O
Belem	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
Brazil	T-1
's	T-1
Amazon	B-ORG
Affairs	I-ORG
Department	I-ORG
said	O
in	O
a	O
statement	O
.	T-0

The	O
use	O
of	O
riverways	T-3
in	O
the	T-1
region	T-1
has	O
been	O
made	O
a	O
priority	O
under	O
a	O
government	O
plan	T-2
for	T-2
the	T-2
Amazon	B-LOC
and	O
the	O
high-speed	O
hovercraft	O
will	O
help	O
reduce	O
the	O
time	O
involved	O
in	O
travelling	O
often	O
massive	T-0
distances	T-0
,	O
it	O
said	O
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/Laptop-reviews/test.txt
================================================
Boot	B-aspectTerm
time	I-aspectTerm
is	O
super	O
fast	O
,	O
around	O
anywhere	O
from	O
35	O
seconds	O
to	O
1	O
minute	O
.	O

tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
would	O
not	O
fix	O
the	O
problem	O
unless	O
I	O
bought	O
your	O
plan	O
for	O
$	O
150	O
plus	O
.	O

but	O
in	O
resume	O
this	O
computer	O
rocks	O
!	O

Set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
was	O
easy	O
.	O

Did	O
not	O
enjoy	O
the	O
new	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
and	O
touchscreen	B-aspectTerm
functions	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
expected	O
so	O
as	O
it	O
's	O
an	O
Apple	O
product	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
was	O
glad	O
to	O
see	O
my	O
expectations	O
exceeded	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
THE	O
laptop	O
to	O
buy	O
right	O
now	O
.	O

Other	O
than	O
not	O
being	O
a	O
fan	O
of	O
click	B-aspectTerm
pads	I-aspectTerm
(	O
industry	O
standard	O
these	O
days	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
lousy	O
internal	B-aspectTerm
speakers	I-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
hard	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
find	O
things	O
about	O
this	O
notebook	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
like	O
,	O
especially	O
considering	O
the	O
$	O
350	O
price	B-aspectTerm
tag	I-aspectTerm
.	O

excellent	O
in	O
every	O
way	O
.	O

No	O
installation	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
(	I-aspectTerm
DVD	I-aspectTerm
)	I-aspectTerm
is	O
included	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
,	O
light	O
,	O
and	O
simple	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Works	B-aspectTerm
well	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
extremely	O
happy	O
to	O
be	O
back	O
to	O
an	O
apple	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
mac	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
problem	O
since	O
we	O
got	O
it	O
.	O

Sure	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
light	O
and	O
slim	O
but	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
make	O
up	O
for	O
it	O
100	O
%	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
pleased	O
with	O
the	O
fast	O
log	B-aspectTerm
on	I-aspectTerm
,	O
speedy	O
WiFi	B-aspectTerm
connection	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
(	O
>	O
6	O
hrs	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
Apple	O
engineers	O
have	O
not	O
yet	O
discovered	O
the	O
delete	B-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Made	O
interneting	B-aspectTerm
(	O
part	O
of	O
my	O
business	O
)	O
very	O
difficult	O
to	O
maintain	O
.	O

Luckily	O
,	O
for	O
all	O
of	O
us	O
contemplating	O
the	O
decision	O
,	O
the	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
is	O
priced	B-aspectTerm
just	O
right	O
.	O

Small	O
and	O
still	O
VERY	O
powerful	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
gotten	O
this	O
model	O
for	O
$	O
1199.00	O
on	O
my	O
State	O
's	O
tax	O
-	O
free	O
weekend	O
and	O
had	O
a	O
$	O
100	O
off	O
coupon	O
for	O
a	O
MacBook	O
at	O
the	O
local	O
BestBuy	O
!	O

Super	O
light	O
,	O
super	O
sexy	O
and	O
everything	O
just	O
works	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Only	O
problem	O
that	O
I	O
had	O
was	O
that	O
the	O
track	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
very	O
good	O
for	O
me	O
,	O
I	O
only	O
had	O
a	O
problem	O
once	O
or	O
twice	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
But	O
probably	O
my	O
computer	O
was	O
a	O
bit	O
defective	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
switching	O
from	O
a	O
pc	O
I	O
hilghy	O
sugest	O
this	O
one	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
super	O
fast	O
and	O
has	O
outstanding	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
the	O
mountain	B-aspectTerm
lion	I-aspectTerm
is	O
just	O
too	O
slow	O
.	O

Strong	O
build	B-aspectTerm
though	O
which	O
really	O
adds	O
to	O
its	O
durability	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
excellent-	O
6	O
-	O
7	O
hours	O
without	O
charging	O
.	O

I	O
enjoy	O
having	O
apple	O
products	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
my	O
computer	O
for	O
2	O
weeks	O
already	O
and	O
it	O
works	B-aspectTerm
perfectly	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
never	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
a	O
PC	O
again	O
!	O

And	O
I	O
may	O
be	O
the	O
only	O
one	O
but	O
I	O
am	O
really	O
liking	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
baterry	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
longer	O
.	O

And	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
quiet	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
hear	O
it	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Its	O
size	B-aspectTerm
is	O
ideal	O
and	O
the	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
is	O
acceptable	O
.	O

I	O
know	O
Apples	O
are	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
PCs	O
,	O
but	O
he	O
thinks	O
it	O
is	O
worth	O
every	O
penny	O
.	O

To	O
me	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
workhorse	O
...	O
and	O
quiet	O
as	O
can	O
be	O
...	O
you	O
even	O
save	O
big	O
bucks	O
not	O
dishing	O
out	O
any	O
extra	O
to	O
Uncle	O
Sam	O
...	O
Definite	O
Buy	O
...	O

I	O
can	O
say	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
fully	O
satisfied	O
with	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
that	O
the	O
computer	O
has	O
supplied	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
pretty	O
sure	O
when	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
,	O
my	O
bank	O
account	O
went	O
'	O
ouch	O
!	O

Thank	O
you	O
so	O
much	O
for	O
the	O
great	O
item	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
has	O
only	O
2	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
both	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
side	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
annoying	O
very	O
much	O
and	O
I	O
wo	O
n't	O
ever	O
buy	O
any	O
Acer	O
products	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
why	O
I	O
purchased	O
a	O
BRAND	O
NEW	O
LAPTOP	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
place	O
so	O
it	O
would	O
n't	O
have	O
ANY	O
problems	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
so	O
much	O
more	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
sharp	O
.	O

As	O
for	O
the	O
laptop	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
our	O
3rd	O
Apple	O
computer	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
2	O
years	O
.	O

Everything	O
I	O
wanted	O
and	O
everything	O
I	O
needed	O
and	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
was	O
great	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
not	O
inexpensive	O
but	O
the	O
Hardware	B-aspectTerm
performance	I-aspectTerm
is	O
impressive	O
for	O
a	O
computer	O
this	O
small	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
better	O
than	O
my	O
old	O
acer	O
laptop	O
.	O

This	O
thing	O
is	O
awesome	O
,	O
everything	O
always	O
works	B-aspectTerm
,	O
everything	O
is	O
always	O
easy	O
to	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
,	O
everything	O
is	O
compatible	O
,	O
its	O
literally	O
everything	O
I	O
could	O
ask	O
for	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
buy	O
it	O
again	O
in	O
a	O
heartbeat	O
!	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
responds	O
well	O
to	O
presses	O
.	O

If	O
someone	O
called	O
me	O
an	O
Apple	O
Fanboy	O
...	O
it	O
would	O
make	O
sense	O
.	O

Lastly	O
,	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
is	O
annoying	O
.	O

A	O
scratch	O
on	O
a	O
$	O
1,500	O
MacBook	O
is	O
unforgivable	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
fell	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
this	O
thing	O
.	O

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	O
and	O
intuitive	O
to	O
setup	B-aspectTerm
or	O
configure	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
no	O
problems	O
yet	O
on	O
my	O
mac	O
so	O
far	O
,	O
and	O
hope	O
it	O
stays	O
like	O
that	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
buy	O
.	O

Biggest	O
complaint	O
is	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Only	O
2	O
usb	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
...	O
seems	O
kind	O
of	O
...	O
limited	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
to	O
early	O
to	O
see	O
if	O
this	O
actually	O
fixes	O
the	O
problem	O
or	O
not	O
though	O
.	O

This	O
device	O
has	O
met	O
my	O
expectations	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
sure	O
it	O
will	O
meet	O
yours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
all	O
the	O
expected	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
more	O
+	O
plus	O
a	O
wide	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
more	O
than	O
roomy	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Out	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
laptops	O
I	O
have	O
owned	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
by	O
far	O
the	O
best	O
!	O

Amazing	O
Performance	B-aspectTerm
for	O
anything	O
I	O
throw	O
at	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
never	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
a	O
PC	O
now	O
,	O
this	O
machine	O
never	O
freezes	O
or	O
has	O
any	O
problems	O
.	O

Out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
I	O
noticed	O
how	O
small	O
it	O
was	O
and	O
was	O
exactly	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
.	O

The	O
receiver	O
was	O
full	O
of	O
superlatives	O
for	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
and	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
extremely	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
itself	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
something	O
in	O
between	O
a	O
regular	O
laptop	O
and	O
a	O
tablet	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
new	O
MBP	O
offers	O
great	O
portability	B-aspectTerm
and	O
gives	O
us	O
confidence	O
that	O
we	O
are	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
need	O
to	O
purchase	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
in	O
18	O
months	O
.	O

Great	O
purchase	O
and	O
I	O
definitely	O
did	O
n't	O
miss	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
Black	O
Friday	O
deals	O
.	O

The	O
criticism	O
has	O
waned	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
I	O
'd	O
be	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
recommend	O
an	O
Air	O
for	O
truly	O
portable	B-aspectTerm
computing	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
would	O
have	O
given	O
it	O
5	O
starts	O
was	O
it	O
not	O
for	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm

MS	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
2011	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
is	O
wonderful	O
,	O
well	O
worth	O
it	O
.	O

After	O
using	O
it	O
for	O
over	O
a	O
month	O
,	O
an	O
issue	O
started	O
to	O
surface	O
.	O

But	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
of	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
is	O
a	O
huge	O
disappointment	O
.	O

There	O
has	O
been	O
no	O
problem	O
with	O
anything	O
.	O

I	O
believe	O
with	O
Apple	O
-	O
you	O
get	O
what	O
you	O
pay	O
for	O
.	O

They	O
do	O
n't	O
just	O
look	B-aspectTerm
good	O
;	O
they	O
deliver	O
excellent	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
over	O
a	O
year	O
now	O
with	O
out	O
a	O
Glitch	O
of	O
any	O
kind	O
..	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
lit	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
keys	I-aspectTerm
and	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
display	I-aspectTerm
...	O
this	O
thing	O
is	O
Fast	O
and	O
clear	O
as	O
can	O
be	O
.	O

The	O
product	O
is	O
prefect	O
for	O
everyone	O
.	O

The	O
Mountain	B-aspectTerm
Lion	I-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
hard	O
to	O
figure	O
out	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
familiar	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Windows	I-aspectTerm
.	O

However	O
,	O
I	O
can	O
refute	O
that	O
OSX	B-aspectTerm
is	O
"	O
FAST	O
"	O
.	O

I	O
waited	O
to	O
review	O
to	O
make	O
sure	O
it	O
is	O
what	O
it	O
is	O
.	O

Enjoy	O
using	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
!	O

I	O
would	O
suggest	O
this	O
product	O
to	O
anyone	O
.	O

With	O
no	O
problems	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
happy	O
with	O
this	O
purchase	O
because	O
I	O
saved	O
money	O
compared	O
to	O
buying	O
it	O
anywhere	O
else	O
.	O

Incredible	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
and	O
brilliant	O
colors	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
needed	O
something	O
affordable	O
from	O
Apple	O
and	O
was	O
tired	O
of	O
dealing	O
with	O
PC	O
laptop	O
after	O
PC	O
laptop	O
.	O

Just	O
bit	O
the	O
bullet	O
and	O
bought	O
the	O
Mac	O
hoping	O
it	O
will	O
last	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
…	O
.	O

Built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
apps	I-aspectTerm
are	O
purely	O
amazing	O
.	O

Cons	O
:	O
Screen	B-aspectTerm
resolution	I-aspectTerm
.	O

From	O
the	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
to	O
the	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
gestures	I-aspectTerm
this	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
beats	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
easily	O
.	O

I	O
really	O
like	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
'm	O
a	O
fan	O
of	O
the	O
ACERS	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
by	O
far	O
thee	O
best	O
,	O
most	O
reliable	O
computer	O
I	O
could	O
find	O
.	O

I	O
opted	O
for	O
the	O
SquareTrade	B-aspectTerm
3-Year	I-aspectTerm
Computer	I-aspectTerm
Accidental	I-aspectTerm
Protection	I-aspectTerm
Warranty	I-aspectTerm
(	O
$	O
1500	O
-	O
2000	O
)	O
which	O
also	O
support	O
"	O
accidents	O
"	O
like	O
drops	O
and	O
spills	O
that	O
are	O
NOT	O
covered	O
by	O
AppleCare	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
light	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
transport	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Once	O
you	O
get	O
past	O
learning	O
how	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
poorly	O
designed	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
Set	I-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
Up	I-aspectTerm
you	O
may	O
feel	O
frustrated	O
.	O

Very	O
powerful	O
especially	O
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	O

When	O
my	O
Dell	O
laptop	O
gave	O
up	O
only	O
after	O
2	O
1/2	O
years	O
,	O
I	O
decided	O
to	O
buy	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
been	O
time	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
only	O
debate	O
was	O
which	O
size	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
Mac	O
laptops	O
,	O
and	O
whether	O
to	O
spring	O
for	O
the	O
retina	B-aspectTerm
display	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
was	O
a	O
significantly	O
more	O
affordable	O
than	O
getting	O
a	O
new	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
from	O
Apple	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
always	O
wanted	O
a	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.....	O
always	O
!	O

The	O
reason	O
why	O
I	O
choose	O
apple	O
MacBook	O
because	O
of	O
their	O
design	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
aluminum	B-aspectTerm
casing	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
aluminum	B-aspectTerm
body	I-aspectTerm
sure	O
makes	O
it	O
stand	O
out	O
.	O

Overall	O
it	O
's	O
an	O
amazing	O
product	O
,	O
5	O
stars	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
integrate	B-aspectTerm
bluetooth	I-aspectTerm
devices	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
devices	I-aspectTerm
are	O
recognized	O
almost	O
instantly	O
.	O

He	O
's	O
thrilled	O
with	O
his	O
new	O
laptop	O
.	O

Amazing	O
product	O
as	O
you	O
would	O
expect	O
from	O
Apple	O
.	O

Nothing	O
wrong	O
with	O
this	O
computer	O
at	O
all	O
!	O

And	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
Apple	O
is	O
driving	O
the	O
13	O
"	O
RMBP	O
with	O
the	O
Intel4000	B-aspectTerm
graphic	I-aspectTerm
chip	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
underpowered	O
(	O
to	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
to	O
wonder	O
why	O
Amazon	O
is	O
even	O
selling	O
this	O
dinosaur	O
.	O

Apple	O
removed	O
the	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
Firewire	I-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
(	O
will	O
work	O
with	O
adapter	B-aspectTerm
)	O
and	O
put	O
the	O
SDXC	B-aspectTerm
slot	I-aspectTerm
in	O
a	O
silly	O
position	O
on	O
the	O
back	O
.	O

No	O
hassle	O
and	O
no	O
complaints	O
.	O

LOVE	O
IT	O
I	O
've	O
always	O
been	O
an	O
apple	O
fan	O
boy	O
,	O
but	O
never	O
had	O
the	O
money	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
mac	O
,	O
only	O
ipads	O
and	O
iphones	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
my	O
first	O
mac	O
,	O
blew	O
me	O
away	O
completely	O
.	O

The	O
durability	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
laptop	O
will	O
make	O
it	O
worth	O
the	O
money	O
.	O

Well	O
designed	B-aspectTerm
and	O
fast	O
.	O

And	O
now	O
I	O
am	O
a	O
proud	O
MacBook	O
owner	O
also	O
!	O

But	O
I	O
was	O
completely	O
wrong	O
,	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
UNBELIEVABLE	O
amazing	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Exactly	O
as	O
posted	O
plus	O
a	O
great	O
value	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
specs	B-aspectTerm
are	O
pretty	O
good	O
too	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
having	O
a	O
friend	O
look	O
at	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
will	O
probably	O
return	O
it	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
no	O
scratches	O
or	O
dents	O
or	O
any	O
marks	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
only	O
had	O
it	O
one	O
day	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
really	O
do	O
love	O
it	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
happy	O
it	O
was	O
economical	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
finally	O
able	O
to	O
own	O
a	O
Mac	O
!	O

Since	O
I	O
have	O
always	O
used	O
Apple	O
products	O
,	O
the	O
choice	O
of	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
was	O
obvious	O
.	O

Apple	O
is	O
unmatched	O
in	O
product	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
,	O
aesthetics	B-aspectTerm
,	O
craftmanship	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
first	O
apple	O
laptop	O
.	O

It	O
makes	O
a	O
great	O
gift	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
size	B-aspectTerm
and	O
amazing	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
included	O
!	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
to	O
any	O
one	O
lloking	O
for	O
a	O
first	O
class	O
computer	O
!	O

I	O
do	O
not	O
like	O
too	O
much	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Startup	B-aspectTerm
times	I-aspectTerm
are	O
incredibly	O
long	O
:	O
over	O
two	O
minutes	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
from	O
Best	O
Buy	O
under	O
a	O
year	O
ago	O
to	O
replace	O
my	O
old	O
Macbook	O
Air	O
.	O

The	O
macbook	O
pro	O
is	O
really	O
responsive	O
.	O

Also	O
stunning	O
colors	B-aspectTerm
and	O
speedy	O

it	O
is	O
really	O
expensive	O
though	O
.	O

great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
free	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
what	O
else	O
can	O
i	O
ask	O
for	O
!	O
!	O

This	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
is	O
terrific	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
also	O
say	O
it	O
is	O
much	O
better	O
than	O
I	O
expected	O
!	O

This	O
computer	O
does	O
everything	O
i	O
need	O
it	O
to	O
do	O
for	O
school	O
and	O
more	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
really	O
thick	O
around	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
.	O

And	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
works	O
like	O
a	O
charm	O
.	O

And	O
I	O
can	O
attach	O
my	O
projector	O
to	O
it	O
.	O

:)	O
Great	O
product	O
,	O
great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
great	O
delivery	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
great	O
service	B-aspectTerm
.	O

:]	O
It	O
arrived	O
so	O
fast	O
and	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
was	O
great	O
.	O

tried	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
and	O
hated	O
it	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
higher	O
than	O
most	O
lab	O
top	O
out	O
there	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
he	O
/	O
she	O
will	O
get	O
what	O
they	O
paid	O
for	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
computer	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
thought	O
why	O
not	O
give	O
Mac	O
Book	O
pro	O
a	O
try	O
.	O

Set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
breeze	O
.	O

But	O
I	O
do	O
NOT	O
like	O
Win8	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
owned	O
at	O
least	O
4	O
to	O
5	O
laptops	O
and	O
computers	O
-	O
but	O
this	O
is	O
by	O
far	O
the	O
most	O
superior	O
machine	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
owned	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
still	O
in	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
learning	O
about	O
its	O
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

BTW	O
,	O
I	O
checked	O
online	O
regarding	O
the	O
old	O
laptop	O
that	O
'	O
died	O
'	O
and	O
found	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
not	O
alone	O
,	O
far	O
from	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
the	O
same	O
reasons	O
as	O
most	O
PC	O
users	O
:	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
overbearing	O
restrictions	O
of	O
OSX	B-aspectTerm
and	O
lack	O
of	O
support	B-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
games	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
it	O
for	O
it	O
's	O
mobility	B-aspectTerm
and	O
man	O
,	O
this	O
little	O
bad	O
boy	O
is	O
very	O
nice	O
.	O

Seems	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
's	O
the	O
best	O
way	O
to	O
get	O
Apple	O
's	O
attention	O
.	O

Very	O
nice	O
so	O
far	O
.	O

You	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
disappointed	O
.	O

The	O
investment	O
of	O
a	O
new	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
came	O
at	O
a	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
totally	O
worth	O
it	O
for	O
a	O
good	O
piece	O
of	O
mind	O
.	O

I	O
found	O
the	O
mini	O
to	O
be	O
:	O
Exceptionally	O
easy	O
to	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm

Having	O
USB3	B-aspectTerm
is	O
why	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
Mini	O
.	O

Be	O
sure	O
to	O
have	O
good	O
air	O
flow	O
where	O
ever	O
you	O
put	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
is	O
nice	O
and	O
loud	O
;	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
any	O
problems	O
with	O
hearing	O
anything	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
very	O
slim	O
,	O
the	O
track	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
much	O
impressed	O
with	O
me	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
with	O
my	O
MacBook	O
(	O
circa	O
2007	O
)	O
that	O
I	O
just	O
retired	O
.	O

Great	O
things	O
come	O
in	O
small	O
"	O
packages	O
.	O

HUGE	O
Apple	O
MAC	O
Fan	O
!	O

Looked	O
at	O
HP	O
,	O
ASUS	O
,	O
Acer	O
,	O
Sony	O
and	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
other	O
ones	O
but	O
could	O
not	O
find	O
I	O
really	O
liked	O
.	O

The	O
settings	B-aspectTerm
are	O
not	O
user	O
-	O
friendly	O
either	O
.	O

Honestly	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
surprised	O
no	O
one	O
else	O
has	O
mentioned	O
returning	O
theirs	O
.	O

Most	O
of	O
them	O
were	O
either	O
too	O
big	O
,	O
too	O
noisy	O
and	O
too	O
slow	O
after	O
2	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
machine	O
is	O
used	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
like	O
new	O
,	O
i	O
'm	O
very	O
impress	O
.	O

Thank	O
goodness	O
for	O
OpenOffice	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Awesome	O
form	B-aspectTerm
factor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
great	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
,	O
wonderful	O
UX	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Needless	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
the	O
leap	O
from	O
that	O
to	O
this	O
has	O
been	O
amazing	O
and	O
(	O
aside	O
from	O
the	O
financial	O
reasons	O
)	O
I	O
am	O
astounded	O
that	O
I	O
had	O
n't	O
made	O
the	O
switch	O
sooner	O
.	O

Its	O
perfect	O
,	O
not	O
much	O
heavy	O
.	O

i	O
love	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
find	O
it	O
not	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
user	O
friendly	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
surpassed	O
all	O
expectations	O
and	O
fulfilled	O
all	O
my	O
needs	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
MAJOR	O
issues	O
with	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
which	O
render	O
the	O
device	O
nearly	O
useless	O
.	O

What	O
angers	O
me	O
more	O
than	O
anything	O
else	O
is	O
that	O
I	O
spent	O
all	O
those	O
years	O
hating	O
MACs	O
when	O
I	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
getting	O
a	O
lot	O
more	O
production	O
with	O
a	O
whole	O
lot	O
less	O
grief	O
!	O

I	O
've	O
already	O
upgraded	O
o	O
Mavericks	B-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
am	O
impressed	O
with	O
everything	O
about	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

So	O
this	O
is	O
very	O
good	O
commputer	O
and	O
i	O
highly	O
suggest	O
it	O
.	O

the	O
mbp	O
i	O
recieved	O
was	O
everything	O
it	O
should	O
have	O
been	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
buy	O
today	O
and	O
noticed	O
it	O
went	O
back	O
up	O
to	O
$	O
344.99	O
?	O

Not	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
expect	O
for	O
an	O
i5	B-aspectTerm
.	O

SO	O
of	O
course	O
this	O
one	O
came	O
through	O
with	O
the	O
awesomeness	O
!	O

You	O
will	O
not	O
regret	O
buying	O
this	O
computer	O
!	O

Nothing	O
bad	O
to	O
say	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
s	O
heavy	O
for	O
Mac	O
book	O
but	O
is	O
good	O
.	O

thanks	O
for	O
great	O
service	B-aspectTerm
and	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Deal	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
.	O

My	O
sisters	O
same	O
laptop	O
broke	O
about	O
the	O
month	O
later	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
reason	O
.	O

Minis	O
make	O
sense	O
for	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
people	O
.	O

The	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
seems	O
quite	O
good	O
,	O
and	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
like	O
iPhoto	B-aspectTerm
work	O
great	O
with	O
my	O
phone	O
and	O
camera	O
.	O

This	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
makes	O
the	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
seem	O
slow	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
swap	O
out	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
for	O
a	O
Samsung	B-aspectTerm
830	I-aspectTerm
SSD	I-aspectTerm
which	O
I	O
highly	O
recommend	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
to	O
replace	O
my	O
six	O
-	O
year	O
-	O
old	O
PC	O
(	O
a	O
Sony	O
Vaio	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
basically	O
no	O
better	O
than	O
my	O
old	O
PC	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
returned	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
a	O
simple	O
,	O
reliable	O
laptop	O
.	O

Cheaper	O
than	O
buying	O
it	O
@	O
apple	O
too	O
!	O

I	O
have	O
just	O
had	O
to	O
learn	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
little	O
harder	O
typer	O
than	O
on	O
my	O
last	O
computer	O
.	O

Extremely	O
disappointed	O
with	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
is	O
.	O

Never	O
been	O
happier	O
using	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
a	O
total	O
of	O
5	O
different	O
laptop	O
from	O
many	O
different	O
manufactures	O
.	O

Does	O
everything	O
I	O
wanted	O
this	O
laptop	O
to	O
do	O
.	O

Besides	O
,	O
the	O
apple	O
stocks	O
have	O
been	O
falling	O
due	O
to	O
lack	O
of	O
sales	O
.	O

Turns	O
out	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
common	O
problem	O
.	O

Starts	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
in	O
a	O
hurry	O
and	O
everything	O
is	O
ready	O
to	O
go	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
also	O
fast	O
as	O
can	O
be	O
...	O
you	O
get	O
what	O
you	O
pay	O
for	O
...	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
investment	O

But	O
I	O
'm	O
still	O
learning	O
so	O
ca	O
n't	O
rate	O
it	O
yet	O
for	O
everything	O
.	O

Overall	O
very	O
impressed	O
,	O
Thank	O
you	O
Apple	O
and	O
Amazon	O
!	O

Yes	O
,	O
that	O
's	O
a	O
good	O
thing	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
's	O
made	O
from	O
aluminum	B-aspectTerm
that	O
scratches	O
easily	O
.	O

Very	O
fast	O
for	O
my	O
needs	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
Mac	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
replace	O
my	O
old	O
Dell	O
laptop	O
.	O

Quick	O
and	O
has	O
built	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
virus	I-aspectTerm
control	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Took	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
trying	O
to	O
decide	O
between	O
one	O
with	O
retina	B-aspectTerm
display	I-aspectTerm
and	O
one	O
without	O
.	O

I	O
saw	O
the	O
Mini	O
Mac	O
at	O
Best	O
Buy	O
and	O
decided	O
to	O
get	O
this	O
as	O
my	O
replacement	O
.	O

I	O
finally	O
decided	O
on	O
this	O
one	O
and	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
any	O
happier	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
also	O
informed	O
that	O
the	O
components	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
Mac	O
Book	O
were	O
dirty	O
.	O

So	O
glad	O
I	O
did	O
not	O
waste	O
money	O
on	O
a	O
less	O
than	O
par	O
product	O
.	O

Have	O
n't	O
regretted	O
it	O
one	O
bit	O
.	O

The	O
one	O
thing	O
that	O
Apple	O
does	O
right	O
is	O
computers	O
.	O

the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
have	O
been	O
so	O
bad	O
,	O
i	O
ca	O
n't	O
wait	O
till	O
it	O
completely	O
dies	O
in	O
3	O
years	O
,	O
TOPS	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
nice	O
that	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
last	O
so	O
long	O
and	O
that	O
this	O
machine	O
has	O
the	O
snow	B-aspectTerm
lion	I-aspectTerm
!	O

I	O
think	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
the	O
best	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
.	O

HOWEVER	O
I	O
chose	O
two	O
day	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
took	O
over	O
a	O
week	O
to	O
arrive	O
.	O

That	O
's	O
quite	O
a	O
bump	O
up	O
from	O
the	O
$	O
599	O
that	O
this	O
little	O
guy	O
sells	O
for	O
,	O
which	O
leaves	O
me	O
to	O
my	O
next	O
point	O
.	O

this	O
is	O
quite	O
smooth	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
heavy	O
and	O
can	O
easily	O
slip	O
through	O
the	O
hands	O
.	O

My	O
laptop	O
is	O
so	O
light	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
take	O
it	O
with	O
me	O
anywhere	O
.	O

it	O
's	O
exactly	O
what	O
i	O
wanted	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
all	O
the	O
new	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
whatnot	O
.	O

You	O
can	O
do	O
absolutely	O
anything	O
and	O
is	O
very	O
fast	O
and	O
stylish	O
.	O

Finally	O
decided	O
to	O
try	O
a	O
MAC	O
because	O
there	O
were	O
too	O
many	O
choices	O
of	O
which	O
PC	O
's	O
to	O
buy	O
and	O
EVERYONE	O
who	O
had	O
a	O
MAC	O
said	O
"	O
buy	O
a	O
MAC	O
"	O
.	O

Can	O
you	O
buy	O
any	O
laptop	O
that	O
matches	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
MacBook	O
?	O

It	O
feels	O
cheap	O
,	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
very	O
sensitive	O
.	O

That	O
defeated	O
the	O
whole	O
point	O
of	O
a	O
laptop	O
.	O

Though	O
please	O
note	O
that	O
sometimes	O
it	O
crashes	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
is	O
nt	O
superb	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
even	O
for	O
a	O
novice	O
.	O

But	O
until	O
now	O
,	O
no	O
complains	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

The	O
cons	O
are	O
more	O
annoyances	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
lived	O
with	O
.	O

Does	O
everything	O
I	O
need	O
it	O
to	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
wonderful	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
happier	O
.	O

Great	O
Performance	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Quality	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Just	O
What	O
I	O
Needed	O
For	O
Portable	O
And	O
My	O
Wallet	O
Too	O
!	O

The	O
device	O
speaks	O
about	O
it	O
self	O
.	O

I	O
used	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
,	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
Vista	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
extensively	O
.	O

the	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
bums	O
me	O
out	O
about	O
this	O
purchase	O
is	O
they	O
released	O
a	O
newer	O
updated	O
mbp	O
seriously	O
RIGHT	O
after	O
i	O
bought	O
this	O
one	O
.	O

it	O
does	O
get	O
hot	O
when	O
using	O
on	O
a	O
bed	O
or	O
sofa	O
and	O
gets	O
warm	O
on	O
a	O
desk	O
....	O
this	O
is	O
in	O
an	O
un	O
-	O
air	O
conditioned	O
room	O
.....	O
in	O
air	O
condition	O
it	O
gets	O
slightly	O
warm	O
......	O

I	O
did	O
add	O
a	O
SSD	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
memory	B-aspectTerm

I	O
got	O
this	O
one	O
for	O
thanks	O
giving	O
Offer	O
for	O
$	O
962	O
:)	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
my	O
PC	O
laptop	O
for	O
3	O
years	O
and	O
going	O
to	O
a	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
is	O
like	O
I	O
leaped	O
through	O
time	O
.	O

On	O
start	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
it	O
asks	O
endless	O
questions	O
just	O
so	O
itune	B-aspectTerm
can	O
sell	O
you	O
more	O
of	O
their	O
products	O
.	O

Pretty	O
much	O
made	O
sense	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
Mini	O
.	O

I	O
Have	O
been	O
a	O
Pc	O
user	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
long	O
time	O
now	O
but	O
I	O
will	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
this	O
new	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
.	O

not	O
something	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
miss	O
out	O
on	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

One	O
more	O
thing	O
,	O
this	O
mac	O
does	O
NOT	O
come	O
with	O
restore	B-aspectTerm
disks	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
sure	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
make	O
them	O
direct	O
from	O
the	O
mac	O
like	O
you	O
can	O
with	O
newer	O
PC	O
's	O
,	O
also	O
the	O
charging	B-aspectTerm
cables	I-aspectTerm
are	O
made	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
cheap	O
material	B-aspectTerm
as	O
the	O
iPhone	O
/	O
iPod	O
touch	O
cables	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
it	O
to	O
my	O
son	O
who	O
uses	O
it	O
for	O
graphic	B-aspectTerm
design	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
previously	O
owned	O
an	O
older	O
Dell	O
laptop	O
that	O
died	O
after	O
about	O
5	O
or	O
6	O
years	O
.	O

Its	O
a	O
pretty	O
decent	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
never	O
tried	O
any	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mics	I-aspectTerm
with	O
that	O
iMac	O
.	O

The	O
new	O
os	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
on	O
my	O
macbook	O
pro	O
!	O

It	O
was	O
fast	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
"	O
different	O
"	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
a	O
little	O
problem	O
adjusting	O
to	O
the	O
small	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
but	O
works	O
fine	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
I	O
remember	O
to	O
carry	O
my	O
glasses	O
.	O

I	O
purchased	O
my	O
first	O
Mac	O
and	O
am	O
glad	O
I	O
did	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
experienced	O
no	O
problems	O
,	O
works	B-aspectTerm
as	O
anticipated	O
.	O

System	B-aspectTerm
is	O
running	O
great	O
.	O

Easy	O
to	O
customize	B-aspectTerm
setting	I-aspectTerm
and	O
even	O
create	B-aspectTerm
your	I-aspectTerm
own	I-aspectTerm
bookmarks	I-aspectTerm
.	O

They	O
really	O
screwed	O
the	O
pooch	O
on	O
this	O
one	O
.	O

The	O
MAC	O
Mini	O
,	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
and	O
a	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
cable	I-aspectTerm
is	O
all	O
I	O
need	O
to	O
get	O
some	O
real	O
work	O
done	O
.	O

I	O
finally	O
pulled	O
the	O
trigger	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
blown	O
away	O
by	O
how	O
much	O
more	O
I	O
enjoy	O
my	O
computer	O
tasks	O
using	O
the	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

it	O
has	O
all	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
that	O
we	O
expected	O
and	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
was	O
good	O
,	O
working	B-aspectTerm
well	O
so	O
far	O
.	O

I	O
work	O
as	O
a	O
designer	O
and	O
coder	O
and	O
I	O
needed	O
a	O
new	O
buddy	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
,	O
not	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
it	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
multi	O
-	O
component	O
failure	O
.	O

The	O
new	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
makes	O
this	O
computer	O
into	O
a	O
super	O
iPad	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
my	O
first	O
Mac	O
.	O

Easy	O
to	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
and	O
go	O
!	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
believe	O
how	O
quiet	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
is	O
and	O
how	O
quick	O
this	O
thing	O
boots	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
only	O
issue	O
came	O
when	O
I	O
tried	O
scanning	B-aspectTerm
to	O
the	O
mac	O
.	O

The	O
machine	O
is	O
speedy	O
and	O
efficient	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
this	O
is	O
about	O
as	O
good	O
as	O
it	O
gets	O
at	O
anything	O
close	O
to	O
this	O
price	B-aspectTerm
point	I-aspectTerm
.	O

A	O
*	O
big	O
*	O
upgrade	O
from	O
my	O
13	O
"	O
2006	O
macbook	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
just	O
what	O
we	O
were	O
looking	O
for	O
and	O
it	O
works	B-aspectTerm
great	O
.	O

Having	O
a	O
Mac	O
certainly	O
makes	O
life	O
easier	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
quick	O
and	O
responsive	O
that	O
it	O
makes	O
working	B-aspectTerm
/	O
surfing	B-aspectTerm
on	O
a	O
computer	O
so	O
much	O
more	O
pleasurable	O
!	O

The	O
old	O
unibody	O
macbook	O
pro	O
could	O
fry	O
an	O
egg	O
after	O
a	O
while	O
.	O

It	O
works	B-aspectTerm
fine	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
run	O
pretty	O
well	O
.	O

For	O
this	O
purpose	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
great	O
.	O

Could	O
n't	O
have	O
asked	O
for	O
more	O
!	O

I	O
'm	O
using	O
this	O
computer	O
for	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
some	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
learning	O
programming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
certainly	O
does	O
,	O
but	O
you	O
rarely	O
hear	O
any	O
of	O
your	O
friends	O
with	O
Mac	O
's	O
complain	O
about	O
anything	O
.	O

My	O
wife	O
was	O
so	O
excited	O
to	O
open	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
but	O
quickly	O
came	O
to	O
see	O
that	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
function	B-aspectTerm
as	O
it	O
should	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
any	O
technical	O
pearls	O
to	O
share	O
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
a	O
computer	O
that	O
was	O
quite	O
,	O
fast	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
had	O
overall	O
great	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Apple	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
Help	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
mixed	O
bag	O
.	O

All	O
I	O
can	O
say	O
is	O
I	O
am	O
impressed	O
.	O

It	O
suddenly	O
can	O
not	O
work	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
did	O
everything	O
we	O
expected	O
!	O

Harddrive	B-aspectTerm
was	O
in	O
poor	O
condition	O
,	O
had	O
to	O
replace	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
on	B-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
off	I-aspectTerm
switch	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
obscure	O
in	O
the	O
rear	O
corner	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
nice	O
little	O
gadget	O
.	O

My	O
only	O
complaint	O
is	O
the	O
total	O
lack	O
of	O
instructions	B-aspectTerm
that	O
come	O
with	O
the	O
mac	O
mini	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
task	O
that	O
this	O
computer	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
good	O
enough	O
for	O
would	O
be	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
,	O
otherwise	O
the	O
integrated	B-aspectTerm
Intel	I-aspectTerm
4000	I-aspectTerm
graphics	I-aspectTerm
work	O
well	O
for	O
other	O
tasks	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
macbook	O
pro	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
discusion	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
will	O
be	O
the	O
signature	O
quality	O
of	O
apple	O
.	O

I	O
use	O
it	O
mostly	O
for	O
content	B-aspectTerm
creation	I-aspectTerm
(	O
Audio	B-aspectTerm
,	O
video	B-aspectTerm
,	O
photo	B-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
)	O
and	O
its	O
reliable	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
all	O
around	O
Mac	O
.	O

Screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
bright	O
and	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

Also	O
is	O
portable	O
and	O
reliable	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
solution	O
is	O
to	O
turn	O
the	O
brightness	B-aspectTerm
down	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
not	O
an	O
easy	O
decision	O
to	O
purchase	O
a	O
used	O
or	O
even	O
good	O
as	O
new	O
laptop	O
but	O
I	O
am	O
very	O
satisfied	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
want	O
more	O
information	O
on	O
macs	O
I	O
suggest	O
going	O
to	O
apple.com	O
and	O
heading	O
towards	O
the	O
macbook	O
page	O
for	O
more	O
information	O
on	O
the	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
robust	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
friendly	O
use	B-aspectTerm
as	O
all	O
Apple	O
products	O
.	O

Even	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
do	O
business	O
,	O
that	O
s	O
okay	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
incredibly	O
fast	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
fast	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
was	O
absolutely	O
annoying	O
!	O

And	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
it	O
comes	O
with	O
an	O
i5	B-aspectTerm
processor	I-aspectTerm
definitely	O
speeds	O
things	O
up	O

But	O
for	O
those	O
of	O
you	O
that	O
do	O
nt	O
have	O
a	O
mac	O
and	O
are	O
still	O
on	O
the	O
PC	O
's	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
good	O
foot	O
in	O
the	O
door	O
into	O
mac	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
been	O
PC	O
for	O
years	O
but	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
intuitive	O
and	O
its	O
built	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
are	O
a	O
great	O
help	O

and	O
it	O
fits	O
in	O
my	O
briefcase	O
with	O
ease	O

Nice	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
works	O
great	O
!	O

Still	O
not	O
bad	O
for	O
220.00	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
amazed	O
at	O
how	O
fast	O
the	O
delivery	B-aspectTerm
was	O
.	O

Good	O
computer	O
and	O
fast	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
installed	O
to	O
it	O
additional	O
SSD	B-aspectTerm
and	O
16Gb	B-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
was	O
gone	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
.	O

Its	O
pretty	O
much	O
fire	O
it	O
up	O
and	O
go	O
.	O

It	O
works	B-aspectTerm
great	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
so	O
happy	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
.	O

Let	O
me	O
start	O
off	O
by	O
saying	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
highly	O
reluctant	O
to	O
spend	O
so	O
much	O
money	O
on	O
a	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
the	O
design	B-aspectTerm
and	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
with	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
,	O
plenty	O
of	O
ports	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Apple	O
is	O
living	O
up	O
to	O
its	O
name	O
with	O
the	O
mini	O
and	O
,	O
for	O
our	O
needs	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
perfect	O
.	O

it	O
definitely	O
beats	O
my	O
old	O
mac	O
and	O
the	O
service	B-aspectTerm
was	O
great	O
.	O

I	O
went	O
from	O
a	O
Macbook	O
to	O
this	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
and	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
great	O
upgrade	O
!	O

Web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
quick	O
with	O
Safari	B-aspectTerm
browser	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
could	O
n't	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
better	O
decision	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
the	O
lighted	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
at	O
night	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
great	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
solid	O
Mac	O
in	O
the	O
living	O
room	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
really	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
is	O
quick	O
to	O
start	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
've	O
lived	O
with	O
the	O
crashes	O
and	O
slow	O
operation	B-aspectTerm
and	O
restarts	O
.	O

Very	O
light	O
and	O
easily	O
maneuverable	O
.	O

USB3	B-aspectTerm
Peripherals	I-aspectTerm
are	O
noticably	O
less	O
expensive	O
than	O
the	O
ThunderBolt	B-aspectTerm
ones	O
.	O

This	O
can	O
be	O
annoying	O
at	O
first	O
but	O
you	O
just	O
have	O
to	O
train	O
yourself	O
not	O
to	O
to	O
start	O
over	O
so	O
far	O
.	O

And	O
mine	O
had	O
broke	O
but	O
I	O
sent	O
it	O
in	O
under	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
-	O
no	O
problems	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
not	O
happy	O
with	O
my	O
purchase	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
,	O
light	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
perfect	O
for	O
media	B-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
mostly	O
why	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
place	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
machine	O
itself	O
left	O
a	O
bit	O
to	O
be	O
desired	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
lasts	O
as	O
advertised	O
(	O
give	O
or	O
take	O
15	O
-	O
20	O
minutes	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
entire	O
user	B-aspectTerm
experience	I-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
elegant	O
.	O

I	O
spent	O
months	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
good	O
laptop	O
for	O
me	O
and	O
I	O
finally	O
found	O
it	O
!	O

$	O
999.00	O
Tax	O
free	O
.	O

Thanks	O
for	O
the	O
fast	O
shipment	B-aspectTerm
and	O
great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

!	O
Excelent	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
usability	B-aspectTerm
,	O
presentation	B-aspectTerm
and	O
time	B-aspectTerm
response	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
smaller	O
size	B-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
bonus	O
because	O
of	O
space	O
restrictions	O
.	O

I	O
blame	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
for	O
now	O
,	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
still	O
a	O
workhorse	O
.	O

In	O
fact	O
I	O
still	O
use	O
manyLegacy	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
(	O
Appleworks	B-aspectTerm
,	O
FileMaker	B-aspectTerm
Pro	I-aspectTerm
,	O
Quicken	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Photoshop	B-aspectTerm
etc	O
)	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
small	O
but	O
powerful	O
,	O
light	O
but	O
strong	O
,	O
elegant	O
and	O
beautiful	O
...	O
In	O
resume	O
:	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
Mac	O
!	O

I	O
like	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
wish	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
taken	O
the	O
plunge	O
years	O
ago	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
form	B-aspectTerm
factor	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
n't	O
used	O
the	O
product	O
long	O
enough	O
to	O
write	O
a	O
detailed	O
technical	O
review	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
at	O
loading	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
internet	I-aspectTerm
.	O

So	O
much	O
faster	O
and	O
sleeker	O
looking	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
plan	O
on	O
using	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
.	O

Unfortunately	O
,	O
it	O
runs	O
XP	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Microsoft	O
is	O
dropping	O
support	B-aspectTerm
next	O
April	O
.	O

Its	O
seen	O
in	O
movies	O
,	O
sitcoms	O
,	O
prominent	O
important	O
people	O
carry	O
and	O
use	O
them	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
GREAT	O
!	O

First	O
off	O
,	O
I	O
really	O
do	O
like	O
my	O
MBP	O
...	O
once	O
used	O
to	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
it	O
is	O
pretty	O
easy	O
to	O
get	O
around	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
overall	B-aspectTerm
build	I-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
...	O
eg	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
to	O
type	O
on	O
.	O

Does	O
exactly	O
what	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
4	O
.	O

Buy	O
the	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
terribly	O
great	O
machine	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
made	O
of	O
such	O
solid	O
construction	B-aspectTerm
and	O
since	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
a	O
Mac	O
using	O
my	O
iPhone	O
helped	O
me	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
a	O
bit	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
this	O
piece	O
of	O
equipment	O
,	O
It	O
will	O
be	O
hard	O
to	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
other	O
type	O
of	O
laptop	O
after	O
using	O
a	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

Very	O
nice	O
unibody	B-aspectTerm
construction	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Very	O
disappointed	O
with	O
Apple	O
.	O

This	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
is	O
fast	O
,	O
powerful	O
,	O
and	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
super	O
quiet	O
and	O
cool	O
.	O

*	O
*	O
*	O
The	O
review	O
below	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
relevant	O
,	O
Apple	O
has	O
fixed	O
the	O
issue	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
ok	O
but	O
does	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
disk	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
which	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
know	O
until	O
after	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
receptacle	I-aspectTerm
,	O
nor	O
is	O
there	O
an	O
SD	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
slot	I-aspectTerm
located	O
anywhere	O
on	O
the	O
device	O
.	O

It	O
really	O
is	O
very	O
light	O
compared	O
to	O
other	O
computers	O
.	O

It	O
came	O
in	O
brand	O
new	O
and	O
works	B-aspectTerm
perfectly	O
.	O

This	O
machine	O
is	O
A	O
-	O
mazing	O
.	O

It	O
should	O
n't	O
happen	O
like	O
that	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
any	O
design	B-aspectTerm
app	I-aspectTerm
open	O
or	O
anything	O
.	O

MY	O
TRACKPAD	B-aspectTerm
IS	O
NOT	O
WORKING	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
hope	O
this	O
expensive	O
laptop	O
does	O
n't	O
go	O
dead	O
like	O
my	O
friends	O
...	O
it	O
did	O
last	O
him	O
5	O
good	O
years	O
before	O
it	O
bit	O
the	O
dust	O
.	O

Considering	O
another	O
computer	O
should	O
be	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
question	O

It	O
looks	B-aspectTerm
and	O
feels	B-aspectTerm
solid	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
flawless	O
finish	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Its	O
worth	O
every	O
Penny	O
.	O

Price	B-aspectTerm
was	O
higher	O
when	O
purchased	O
on	O
MAC	O
when	O
compared	O
to	O
price	B-aspectTerm
showing	O
on	O
PC	O
when	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
for	O
a	O
decked	O
out	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

Then	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
would	O
many	O
times	O
not	O
power	B-aspectTerm
down	I-aspectTerm
without	O
a	O
forced	O
power	O
-	O
off	O
.	O

Get	O
this	O
instead	O
,	O
you	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
sorry	O
.	O

The	O
configuration	B-aspectTerm
is	O
perfect	O
for	O
my	O
needs	O
.	O

and	O
the	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
worst	O
ever	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
it	O
was	O
around	O
16	O
hundred	O
bucks	O
last	O
I	O
checked	O
.	O

Its	O
the	O
best	O
,	O
its	O
got	O
the	O
looks	B-aspectTerm
,	O
super	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
love	O
all	O
you	O
can	O
do	O
with	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
!	O
..	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
,	O
quiet	O
,	O
incredibly	O
small	O
and	O
affordable	O
compared	O
to	O
other	O
Mac	O
models	O
.	O

Web	B-aspectTerm
surfuring	I-aspectTerm
is	O
smooth	O
and	O
seamless	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
so	O
exciting	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
unwrapp	O
my	O
new	O
mac	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
overall	O
pleased	O
with	O
the	O
interface	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
portability	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

so	O
when	O
I	O
had	O
the	O
money	O
to	O
buy	O
one	O
I	O
bought	O
other	O
things	O
instead	O
....	O
a	O
700	O
laptop	O
and	O
some	O
extra	O
stuff	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

This	O
item	O
is	O
a	O
beautiful	O
piece	O
,	O
it	O
works	B-aspectTerm
well	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
and	O
handle	B-aspectTerm
.	O

See	O
retired	O
recently	O
and	O
decided	O
that	O
she	O
wanted	O
a	O
laptop	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
also	O
suffering	O
from	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
(	I-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
)	I-aspectTerm
issues	O
,	O
relatively	O
slow	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
and	O
shortening	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
lifetime	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'm	O
no	O
regular	O
customer	O
I	O
hate	O
wasting	O
my	O
time	O
with	O
hellos	O
and	O
how	O
can	O
I	O
help	O
you	O
's	O
.	O

Runs	B-aspectTerm
good	O
and	O
does	O
the	O
job	O
,	O
ca	O
n't	O
complain	O
about	O
that	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
silent	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
very	O
small	O
footprint	B-aspectTerm
on	O
my	O
desk	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
nothing	O
to	O
regret	O
from	O
this	O
new	O
product	O
.	O

The	O
exterior	B-aspectTerm
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

Have	O
one	O
myself	O
and	O
Love	O
it	O
!	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
very	O
high	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
just	O
for	O
what	O
I	O
needed	O
for	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
especially	O
disheartening	O
when	O
Apple	O
prides	O
itself	O
as	O
the	O
choice	O
of	O
creative	O
professionals	O
.	O

Apple	O
is	O
aware	O
of	O
this	O
issue	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
either	O
old	O
stock	O
or	O
a	O
defective	O
design	B-aspectTerm
involving	O
the	O
intel	B-aspectTerm
4000	I-aspectTerm
graphics	I-aspectTerm
chipset	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Stop	O
living	O
in	O
the	O
stone	O
age	O
and	O
buy	O
a	O
mac	O
,	O
you	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
sorry	O
at	O
all	O
!	O
!	O

OSX	B-aspectTerm
Mountain	I-aspectTerm
Lion	I-aspectTerm
soon	O
to	O
upgrade	O
to	O
Mavericks	O
.	B-aspectTerm

Apple	O
hit	O
a	O
home	O
run	O
here	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
bought	O
the	O
new	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
,	O
the	O
13	O
"	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
believe	O
Apple	O
keeps	O
making	O
the	O
same	O
mistake	O
with	O
regard	O
to	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
.	O

So	O
glad	O
I	O
have	O
gone	O
this	O
route	O
!	O
!	O

It	O
wakes	B-aspectTerm
in	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
second	O
when	O
I	O
open	O
the	O
lid	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
the	O
perfect	O
size	B-aspectTerm
and	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
for	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
so	O
addict	O
to	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

THE	O
CUSTOMER	B-aspectTerm
SERVICE	I-aspectTerm
IS	O
TERRIFIC	O
!	O
!	O

Trashed	O
it	O
when	O
I	O
spilled	O
a	O
latte	O
on	O
it	O
while	O
writing	O
at	O
a	O
cafe	O
.	O

My	O
last	O
laptop	O
was	O
a	O
17	O
"	O
ASUS	O
gaming	O
machine	O
,	O
which	O
performed	B-aspectTerm
admirably	O
,	O
but	O
having	O
since	O
built	O
my	O
own	O
desktop	O
and	O
really	O
settling	O
into	O
the	O
college	O
life	O
,	O
I	O
found	O
myself	O
wanting	O
something	O
smaller	O
and	O
less	O
cumbersome	O
,	O
not	O
to	O
mention	O
that	O
the	O
ASUS	O
had	O
been	O
slowly	O
developing	O
problems	O
ever	O
since	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
about	O
4	O
years	O
ago	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
any	O
scratches	O
,	O
ZERO	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
cycle	I-aspectTerm
count	I-aspectTerm
(	O
pretty	O
surprised	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
working	O
perfectly	O
.	O

After	O
fumbling	O
around	O
with	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
I	O
started	O
searching	O
the	O
internet	O
for	O
a	O
fix	O
and	O
found	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
forums	O
on	O
fixing	O
the	O
issue	O
.	O

I	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
more	O
pleased	O
.	O

And	O
as	O
for	O
all	O
the	O
fancy	O
finger	B-aspectTerm
swipes	I-aspectTerm
--	O
I	O
just	O
gave	O
up	O
and	O
attached	O
a	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
needed	O
a	O
laptop	O
with	O
big	O
storage	B-aspectTerm
,	O
a	O
nice	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
fast	O
so	O
I	O
can	O
photoshop	B-aspectTerm
without	O
any	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
coming	O
back	O
to	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
but	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
lacking	O
in	O
speaker	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
compared	O
to	O
my	O
$	O
400	O
old	O
HP	O
laptop	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
much	O
better	O
than	O
the	O
Acer	O
ultrabook	O
I	O
had	O
before	O
.	O

Shipped	B-aspectTerm
very	O
quickly	O
and	O
safely	O
.	O

I	O
finally	O
own	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
computing	O
equipment	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
take	O
a	O
baseball	O
bat	O
and	O
destroy	O
.	O

The	O
thunderbolt	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
is	O
awesome	O
!	O

User	O
friendly	O
,	O
fast	O
and	O
high	O
tech	O
It	O
is	O
amazing	O
!	O

The	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
is	O
definitely	O
superior	O
to	O
any	O
computer	O
I	O
've	O
ever	O
put	O
my	O
hands	O
on	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
great	O
for	O
streaming	B-aspectTerm
video	I-aspectTerm
and	O
other	O
entertainment	B-aspectTerm
uses	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Apple	O
did	O
a	O
great	O
job	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
the	O
design	B-aspectTerm
and	O
its	O
features	B-aspectTerm
but	O
there	O
are	O
somethings	O
I	O
think	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
improved	O
.	O

There	O
were	O
small	O
problems	O
with	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
extremely	O
fast	O
and	O
very	O
compact	O
.	O

I	O
understand	O
I	O
should	O
call	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
Tech	I-aspectTerm
Support	I-aspectTerm
about	O
any	O
variables(which	O
is	O
my	O
purpose	O
of	O
writing	O
this	O
con	O
)	O
as	O
variables	O
could	O
be	O
a	O
bigger	O
future	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
ordered	O
my	O
2012	O
mac	O
mini	O
after	O
being	O
disappointed	O
with	O
spec	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
new	O
27	O
"	O
Imacs	O
.	O

It	O
still	O
works	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
's	O
extremely	O
user	O
friendly	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
would	O
recommend	O
it	O
for	O
new	O
computer	O
user	O
and	O
also	O
for	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
just	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
more	O
efficient	O
way	O
to	O
do	O
things	O

Its	O
fast	O
,	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
looks	B-aspectTerm
great	O
.	O

(	O
but	O
Office	B-aspectTerm
can	O
be	O
purchased	O
)	O
IF	O
I	O
ever	O
need	O
a	O
laptop	O
again	O
I	O
am	O
for	O
sure	O
purchasing	O
another	O
Toshiba	O
!	O
!	O

I	O
have	O
n't	O
tried	O
the	O
one	O
with	O
retina	B-aspectTerm
display	I-aspectTerm
...	O
Maybe	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O

You	O
can	O
read	O
all	O
about	O
the	O
details	O
of	O
this	O
marvelous	O
computer	O
on	O
wikipedia	O
.	O

Performance	B-aspectTerm
is	O
much	O
much	O
better	O
on	O
the	O
Pro	O
,	O
especially	O
if	O
you	O
install	O
an	O
SSD	B-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
.	O

Note	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
that	O
any	O
existing	O
MagSafe	B-aspectTerm
accessories	I-aspectTerm
you	O
have	O
will	O
not	O
work	O
with	O
the	O
MagSafe	B-aspectTerm
2	I-aspectTerm
connection	I-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
you	O
get	O
a	O
lemon	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
two	O
thirds	O
of	O
my	O
Macs	O
)	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
in	O
for	O
repairs	O
several	O
times	O
before	O
they	O
will	O
replace	O
it	O
,	O
even	O
if	O
they	O
have	O
numerous	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
version	O
of	O
their	O
computers	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
dislike	O
is	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
,	O
alot	O
of	O
the	O
times	O
its	O
unresponsive	O
and	O
does	O
things	O
I	O
do	O
nt	O
want	O
it	O
too	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
recommend	O
using	O
a	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
with	O
it	O
.	O

Yeah	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
super	O
expensive	O
.	O

The	O
Mac	O
mini	O
is	O
about	O
8x	O
smaller	O
than	O
my	O
old	O
computer	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
huge	O
bonus	O
and	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
very	O
quiet	O
,	O
actually	O
the	O
fans	B-aspectTerm
are	O
n't	O
audible	O
unlike	O
my	O
old	O
pc	O

MAYBE	O
The	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
improvement	O
were	O
not	O
The	O
product	O
they	O
Want	O
to	O
offer	O
.	O

It	O
came	O
before	O
the	O
day	O
it	O
supposed	O
to	O
which	O
is	O
great	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
the	O
transition	O
would	O
be	O
difficult	O
at	O
best	O
and	O
would	O
take	O
some	O
time	O
to	O
fully	O
familiarize	O
myself	O
with	O
the	O
new	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
ecosystem	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
absolutely	O
wonderful	O
and	O
worth	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
!	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
good	O
fix	O
,	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
please	O
with	O
the	O
products	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
;	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
ready	O
;	O
appearance	B-aspectTerm
and	O
functionality	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Buying	O
a	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
would	O
allow	O
me	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
transition	O
.	O

Before	O
I	O
begin	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
say	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
like	O
a	O
good	O
percentage	O
of	O
the	O
people	O
that	O
will	O
end	O
up	O
writing	O
a	O
review	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
-	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
an	O
Apple	O
fanboy	O
.	O

its	O
by	O
far	O
faster	O
and	O
more	O
stable	O
then	O
my	O
PC	O
.	O

I	O
purchased	O
a	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
and	O
this	O
to	O
replace	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
HP	O
units	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
using	O
.	O

you	O
will	O
not	O
regret	O
it	O
,	O
promise	O
you	O
!	O

Moving	O
from	O
a	O
PC	O
to	O
Mac	O
has	O
never	O
been	O
easier	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
glad	O
that	O
I	O
did	O
it	O
.	O

Perfect	O
for	O
all	O
my	O
graphic	B-aspectTerm
design	I-aspectTerm
classes	O
I	O
'm	O
taking	O
this	O
year	O
in	O
college	O
:-)	O

Have	O
used	O
only	O
Macs	O
for	O
years	O
.	O

Being	O
a	O
tech	O
savvy	O
,	O
APPLE	O
-	O
product	O
loving	O
person	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
glad	O
I	O
finally	O
got	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
!	O

I	O
was	O
always	O
against	O
them	O
but	O
now	O
I	O
buying	O
one	O
I	O
'll	O
never	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
PC	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
using	O
that	O
slot	B-aspectTerm
again	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
that	O
was	O
a	O
great	O
decision	O
to	O
buy	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
fast	O
and	O
fluid	O
,	O
everything	O
is	O
organized	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
beautiful	O
.	O

It	O
will	O
make	O
life	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
next	O
semester	O
,	O
just	O
wish	O
I	O
had	O
it	O
last	O
semester	O
!	O
!	O

I	O
paid	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
sent	O
a	O
used	O
one	O
.	O

Searched	O
it	O
on	O
amazon	O
and	O
on	O
bestbuy	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
one	O
for	O
my	O
11	O
year	O
old	O
and	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Air	O
for	O
my	O
9	O
year	O
old	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
it	O
for	O
college	O
and	O
so	O
far	O
it	O
's	O
amazing	O
!	O

They	O
are	O
simpler	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
at	O
my	O
door	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
24	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
also	O
very	O
pricey	O
but	O
you	O
just	O
have	O
to	O
tell	O
yourself	O
it	O
's	O
an	O
investment	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
gon	O
na	O
last	O
you	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
getting	O
old	O
and	O
I	O
needed	O
a	O
new	O
school	O
computer	O
.	O

!	O
so	O
nice	O
..	O
stable	O
..	O
fast	O
..	O
now	O
i	O
got	O
my	O
SSD	B-aspectTerm
!	O

I	O
love	O
apple	O
but	O
unlike	O
others	O
That	O
does	O
not	O
prevent	O
me	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
honest	O
about	O
how	O
i	O
like	O
it	O
and	O
if	O
its	O
good	O
or	O
not	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
cooled	O
on	O
Mac	O
buys	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
computer	O
for	O
that	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
I	O
'm	O
happy	O
I	O
switched	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
in	O
using	O
the	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
camera	I-aspectTerm
,	O
my	O
voice	B-aspectTerm
recording	I-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
vlog	O
sounds	O
like	O
the	O
interplanetary	O
transmissions	O
in	O
the	O
"	O
Star	O
Wars	O
"	O
saga	O
.	O

Overall	O
a	O
nice	O
computer	O
.	O

You	O
can	O
imagine	O
that	O
an	O
expensive	O
item	O
as	O
a	O
laptop	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
left	O
on	O
your	O
front	O
steps	O
,	O
it	O
needs	O
signature	O
to	O
pove	O
that	O
you	O
received	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
quick	O
start	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
he	O
is	O
a	O
self	O
professed	O
"	O
Mac	O
snob	O
.	O

You	O
just	O
can	O
not	O
beat	O
the	O
functionality	B-aspectTerm
of	O
an	O
Apple	O
device	O
.	O

Yet	O
my	O
mac	O
continues	O
to	O
function	B-aspectTerm
properly	O
.	O

Graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
much	O
improved	O
.	O

Here	O
are	O
the	O
things	O
that	O
made	O
me	O
confident	O
with	O
my	O
purchase	O
:	O
Build	B-aspectTerm
Quality	I-aspectTerm
-	O
Seriously	O
,	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
beat	O
a	O
unibody	B-aspectTerm
construction	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
the	O
mid	O
2012	O
version	O
.	O

It	O
provides	O
much	O
more	O
flexibility	B-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
connectivity	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
want	O
the	O
portability	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
tablet	O
,	O
without	O
the	O
limitations	O
of	O
a	O
tablet	O
and	O
that	O
's	O
where	O
this	O
laptop	O
comes	O
into	O
play	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
many	O
,	O
many	O
issues	O
with	O
PC	O
's	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
finally	O
glad	O
to	O
have	O
joined	O
the	O
Mac	O
revolution	O
!	O

Mac	B-aspectTerm
tutorials	I-aspectTerm
do	O
help	O
.	O

When	O
it	O
broke	O
I	O
wanted	O
another	O
Acer	O
and	O
chose	O
the	O
V5	O
.	O

The	O
technical	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
helpful	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
the	O
new	O
adapter	B-aspectTerm
and	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
change	O
.	O

so	O
i	O
called	O
technical	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Nothing	O
about	O
it	O
that	O
i	O
do	O
n't	O
love	O
,	O
apple	O
always	O
makes	O
a	O
great	O
product	O
.	O

I	O
saved	O
about	O
$	O
100	O
plus	O
tax	O
ordering	O
on	O
Amazon	O
and	O
since	O
I	O
have	O
prime	O
,	O
it	O
arrived	O
overnight	O
for	O
just	O
$	O
3.99	O
more	O
.	O

Came	O
with	O
iPhoto	B-aspectTerm
and	O
garage	B-aspectTerm
band	I-aspectTerm
already	O
loaded	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
all	O
a	O
bit	O
magical	O
.	O

Logic	B-aspectTerm
board	I-aspectTerm
utterly	O
fried	O
,	O
cried	O
,	O
and	O
laid	O
down	O
and	O
died	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
BLAZING	O
fast	O
!	O

The	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
was	O
crappy	O
even	O
when	O
you	O
turn	O
up	O
the	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
still	O
the	O
same	O
results	O
.	O

i	O
ve	O
never	O
had	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
it	O
!	O

I	O
currently	O
own	O
a	O
Lenovo	O
laptop	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
my	O
new	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
,	O
and	O
each	O
have	O
their	O
own	O
strengths	O
and	O
weaknesses	O
.	O

OSX	B-aspectTerm
Lion	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
great	O
performer	O
..	O
extremely	O
fast	O
and	O
reliable	O
.	O

Best	O
commuter	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
owned	O
.	O

What	O
can	O
I	O
say	O
,	O
It	O
's	O
an	O
Apple	O
.	O

Having	O
heard	O
from	O
friends	O
and	O
family	O
about	O
how	O
reliable	O
a	O
Mac	O
product	O
is	O
,	O
I	O
never	O
expected	O
to	O
have	O
an	O
application	B-aspectTerm
crash	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
month	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
did	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
pro	O
's	O
physical	B-aspectTerm
form	I-aspectTerm
is	O
wonderful	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
an	O
iPhone	O
,	O
and	O
iPad	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
just	O
made	O
sense	O
to	O
finish	O
off	O
the	O
platform	O
by	O
adding	O
the	O
Mini	O
.	O

Not	O
super	O
light	O
but	O
still	O
a	O
good	O
one	O
.	O

The	O
Mini	O
's	O
body	B-aspectTerm
has	O
n't	O
changed	O
since	O
late	O
2010-	O
and	O
for	O
a	O
good	O
reason	O
.	O

The	O
unibody	B-aspectTerm
construction	I-aspectTerm
really	O
does	O
feel	O
lot	O
more	O
solid	O
than	O
Apple	O
's	O
previous	O
laptops	O
.	O

i	O
had	O
to	O
return	O
it	O
for	O
a	O
replacement	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
wonderful	O
deal	O
for	O
the	O
wonderful	O
product	O
.	O

It	O
completely	O
supports	O
my	O
home	O
business	O
and	O
personal	O
life	O
.	O

3D	B-aspectTerm
rendering	I-aspectTerm
slows	O
it	O
down	O
considerably	O
.	O

Got	O
this	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
with	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
X	I-aspectTerm
Mountain	I-aspectTerm
Lion	I-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
wife	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
pleased	O
to	O
report	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
presents	O
I	O
have	O
received	O
to	O
date	O
.	O

Every	O
day	O
I	O
had	O
this	O
computer	O
,	O
something	O
failed	O
on	O
it	O
.	O

fast	O
,	O
great	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
beautiful	O
apps	B-aspectTerm
for	O
a	O
laptop;priced	O
at	O
1100	O
on	O
the	O
apple	O
website;amazon	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
1098	O
+	O
tax	O
-	O
plus	O
i	O
had	O
a	O
10	O
%	O
off	O
coupon	O
from	O
amazon	O
-	O
cost	O
me	O
998	O
plus	O
tax-	O
1070-	O
OTD	O
!	O

12.44	O
seconds	O
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
.	O

All	O
the	O
ports	B-aspectTerm
are	O
much	O
needed	O
since	O
this	O
is	O
my	O
main	O
computer	O
.	O

The	O
Like	O
New	O
condition	O
of	O
the	O
iMac	O
MC309LL	O
/	O
A	O
on	O
Amazon	O
is	O
at	O
$	O
900	O
+	O
level	O
only	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
Quad	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
Core	I-aspectTerm
2.5	I-aspectTerm
GHz	I-aspectTerm
CPU	I-aspectTerm
(	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
$	O
799	O
Mini	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
Radeon	B-aspectTerm
HD	I-aspectTerm
6750	I-aspectTerm
M	I-aspectTerm
512	I-aspectTerm
MB	I-aspectTerm
graphic	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
(	O
this	O
mini	O
is	O
integrated	B-aspectTerm
Intel	I-aspectTerm
4000	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
)	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
even	O
comes	O
with	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
Apple	I-aspectTerm
Keyboard	I-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
Mouse	I-aspectTerm
,	O
all	O
put	O
together	O
in	O
neat	O
and	O
nice	O
package	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Put	O
a	O
cover	B-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
and	O
is	O
a	O
little	O
better	O
but	O
that	O
is	O
my	O
only	O
complaint	O
.	O

Within	O
a	O
few	O
hours	O
I	O
was	O
using	O
the	O
gestures	B-aspectTerm
unconsciously	O
.	O

This	O
mac	O
does	O
come	O
with	O
an	O
extender	B-aspectTerm
cable	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
'm	O
using	O
mine	O
right	O
now	O
hoping	O
the	O
cable	B-aspectTerm
will	O
stay	O
nice	O
for	O
the	O
many	O
years	O
I	O
plan	O
on	O
using	O
this	O
mac	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
third	O
in	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
MacBooks	O
starting	O
with	O
a	O
Black	O
MacBook	O
.	O

The	O
2.9ghz	B-aspectTerm
dual	I-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
core	I-aspectTerm
i7	I-aspectTerm
chip	I-aspectTerm
really	O
out	O
does	O
itself	O
.	O

My	O
life	O
has	O
been	O
enriched	O
since	O
I	O
have	O
been	O
using	O
Apple	O
products	O
.	O

i	O
FINALLY	O
DID	O
IT	O
AND	O
THIS	O
MACHINE	O
IS	O
THE	O
WAY	O
TO	O
GO	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
pretty	O
snappy	O
and	O
starts	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
in	O
about	O
30	O
seconds	O
which	O
is	O
good	O
enough	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

The	O
few	O
things	O
that	O
are	O
wrong	O
with	O
it	O
are	O
very	O
minor	O
things	O
.	O

So	O
noise	B-aspectTerm
is	O
reduced	O
at	O
least	O
50	O
%	O
and	O
the	O
heat	B-aspectTerm
is	O
much	O
better	O
,	O
now	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
feel	O
hot	O
but	O
warm	O
.	O

Not	O
sure	O
on	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
lottery	O
at	O
this	O
point	O
as	O
I	O
have	O
read	O
that	O
other	O
have	O
received	O
new	O
ones	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
.	O

My	O
one	O
complaint	O
is	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
internal	B-aspectTerm
CD	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
newer	O
netbook	O
has	O
no	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
or	O
network	B-aspectTerm
lights	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
Mac	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
really	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
move	O
.	O

No	O
complaints	O
for	O
an	O
Apple	O
product	O
.	O

The	O
new	O
MacBook	O
is	O
lightyears	O
ahead	O
of	O
my	O
old	O
white	O
plastic	O
MacBook	O
circa	O
2006	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
say	O
that	O
85	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
design	O
industry	O
is	O
Mac	O
for	O
good	O
reason	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
having	O
a	O
though	O
time	O
deciding	O
between	O
the	O
13	O
"	O
MacBook	O
Air	O
or	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
13	O
"	O
(	O
Both	O
baseline	O
models	O
,	O
priced	B-aspectTerm
at	O
1,200	O
$	O
retail	O
)	O

The	O
last	O
new	O
mac	O
I	O
bought	O
was	O
in	O
1998	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
reviews	O
that	O
speak	O
to	O
a	O
few	O
possible	O
glitches	O
but	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
seen	O
them	O
yet	O
.	O

Not	O
too	O
expense	O
and	O
has	O
enough	O
storage	B-aspectTerm
for	O
most	O
users	O
and	O
many	O
ports	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
very	O
satisfied	O
with	O
the	O
mini	O
.	O

The	O
audio	B-aspectTerm
volume	I-aspectTerm
is	O
quite	O
low	O
and	O
virtually	O
unusable	O
in	O
a	O
room	O
with	O
any	O
background	O
activity	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
going	O
to	O
college	O
next	O
year	O
and	O
I	O
needed	O
a	O
cheaper	O
,	O
quality	O
computer	O
for	O
the	O
goals	O
I	O
am	O
trying	O
to	O
pursue	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
short	O
time	O
of	O
one	O
month	O
since	O
the	O
2012	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
was	O
released	O
there	O
are	O
well	O
over	O
1000	O
posts	O
regarding	O
this	O
issue	O
and	O
the	O
numbers	O
keep	O
rising	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
lightweight	O
and	O
the	O
perfect	O
size	B-aspectTerm
to	O
carry	O
to	O
class	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
ask	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
own	O
a	O
Mac	O
and	O
your	O
just	O
not	O
in	O
the	O
know	O
.	O

All	O
my	O
devises	O
“	O
talk	O
”	O
to	O
each	O
other	O
.	O

Why	O
not	O
5	O
stars	O
?	O

Very	O
Very	O
Highly	O
Recommended	O
.	O

?	O
I	O
am	O
only	O
interested	O
in	O
the	O
15.4	O
McBook	O
Pro	O
Model	O
#	O
MD103LL	O
/	O
A	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
why	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
make	O
the	O
switch	O
sooner	O
...	O
o	O
ya	O
because	O
it	O
's	O
expensive	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
given	O
a	O
demonstration	O
of	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
is	O
the	O
premier	O
choice	O
for	O
college	O
students	O
.	O

Their	O
products	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
MBP	O
,	O
are	O
beautiful	O
,	O
sleek	O
and	O
clever	O
.	O

The	O
MBP	O
is	O
beautiful	O
has	O
many	O
wonderful	O
capabilities	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
thought	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
fine	O
,	O
if	O
i	O
do	O
some	O
settings	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Runs	B-aspectTerm
very	O
smoothly	O
.	O

Perfect	O
--	O
thanks	O
so	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
it	O
hardly	O
ever	O
crashes	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
so	O
excited	O
to	O
get	O
this	O
in	O
the	O
mail	O
i	O
nearly	O
gave	O
myself	O
a	O
heart	O
attack	O
.	O

Boot	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
slowed	O
significantly	O
after	O
all	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
updates	I-aspectTerm
were	O
installed	O
.	O

More	O
likely	O
it	O
will	O
require	O
replacing	O
the	O
logic	B-aspectTerm
board	I-aspectTerm
once	O
they	O
admit	O
they	O
have	O
a	O
problem	O
and	O
come	O
up	O
with	O
a	O
solution	O
.	O

When	O
i	O
finally	O
held	O
it	O
in	O
my	O
hands	O
i	O
kissed	O
it	O
,	O
yes	O
i	O
did	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
important	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
powerful	O
enough	O
to	O
do	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
tasks	O
he	O
needed	O
on	O
the	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
,	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
graphic	B-aspectTerm
design	I-aspectTerm
and	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
computer	O
is	O
not	O
cheap	O
and	O
represent	O
an	O
achievement	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
the	O
Mini	O
Mac	O
it	O
was	O
easy	O
to	O
setup	B-aspectTerm
and	O
install	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
am	O
learning	O
as	O
I	O
go	O
and	O
could	O
use	O
a	O
tutorial	B-aspectTerm
to	O
learn	O
how	O
to	O
use	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
I	O
was	O
use	O
to	O
on	O
the	O
PC	O
especially	O
the	O
right	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
click	I-aspectTerm
menu	I-aspectTerm
.	O

GET	O
THIS	O
MACHINE	O

It	O
's	O
shiny	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
pretty	O
.	O

Runs	B-aspectTerm
real	O
quick	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
above	O
aside	O
this	O
machine	O
ROCKS	O
!	O

Buy	O
the	O
separate	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
and	O
you	O
will	O
have	O
a	O
rocket	O
!	O

Since	O
the	O
machine	O
's	O
slim	O
profile	B-aspectTerm
is	O
critical	O
to	O
me	O
,	O
that	O
was	O
a	O
problem	O
.	O

Bottom	O
line	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
afford	O
it	O
,	O
get	O
a	O
Mac	O
!	O

I	O
finally	O
made	O
the	O
leap	O
after	O
my	O
Gateway	O
crapped	O
out	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

WiFi	B-aspectTerm
capability	I-aspectTerm
,	O
disk	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
multiple	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
to	O
connect	O
scale	O
and	O
printers	O
was	O
all	O
that	O
was	O
required	O
.	O

The	O
SD	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
is	O
slightly	O
recessed	O
and	O
upside	O
down	O
(	O
the	O
nail	B-aspectTerm
slot	I-aspectTerm
on	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
can	O
not	O
be	O
accessed	O
)	O
,	O
if	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
self	O
ejecting	O
slot	B-aspectTerm
this	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
an	O
issue	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
not	O
.	O

Soft	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
,	O
anodized	B-aspectTerm
aluminum	I-aspectTerm
with	O
laser	O
cut	O
precision	O
and	O
no	O
flaws	O
.	O

Simple	O
details	O
,	O
crafted	O
aluminium	B-aspectTerm
and	O
real	O
glass	B-aspectTerm
make	O
this	O
laptop	O
blow	O
away	O
the	O
other	O
plastic	O
ridden	O
,	O
bulky	O
sticker	O
filled	O
laptops	O
.	O

First	O
of	O
all	O
yes	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
mac	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
that	O
nice	O
brushed	O
aluminum	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Who	O
makes	O
a	O
laptop	O
that	O
ca	O
n't	O
rest	O
on	O
your	O
lap	O
?	O

After	O
all	O
was	O
said	O
and	O
done	O
,	O
I	O
essentially	O
used	O
that	O
$	O
450	O
savings	O
to	O
buy	O
16	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
,	O
TWO	O
Seagate	B-aspectTerm
Momentus	I-aspectTerm
XT	I-aspectTerm
hybrid	I-aspectTerm
drives	I-aspectTerm
and	O
an	O
OWC	B-aspectTerm
upgrade	I-aspectTerm
kit	I-aspectTerm
to	O
install	O
the	O
second	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Dell	O
Inspiron	O
is	O
fast	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
number	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
on	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
I	O
miss	O
on	O
my	O
Apple	O
laptops	O
.	O

wow	O
the	O
new	O
macbook	O
pro	O
hanged	O
as	O
i	O
tried	O
to	O
type	O
this	O
review	O
.	O

The	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
product	O
which	O
can	O
meet	O
the	O
needs	O
of	O
the	O
average	O
consumer	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
concerned	O
that	O
the	O
downgrade	O
to	O
the	O
regular	B-aspectTerm
hard	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
would	O
make	O
it	O
unacceptably	O
slow	O
but	O
I	O
need	O
not	O
have	O
worried	O
-	O
this	O
machine	O
is	O
the	O
fastest	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
owned	O
...	O

This	O
one	O
still	O
has	O
the	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
slot	I-aspectTerm
.	O

No	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
install	B-aspectTerm
Mountain	I-aspectTerm
Lion	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
took	O
a	O
good	O
two	O
hours	O
.	O

Customization	B-aspectTerm
on	O
mac	O
is	O
impossible	O
.	O

I	O
hope	O
this	O
review	O
helps	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
adjust	O
yourself	O
to	O
what	O
it	O
will	O
do	O
,	O
not	O
what	O
you	O
want	O
it	O
to	O
do	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
replacing	O
the	O
HD	B-aspectTerm
with	O
a	O
Micron	B-aspectTerm
SSD	I-aspectTerm
soon	O
.	O

Plus	O
two	B-aspectTerm
finger	I-aspectTerm
clicking	I-aspectTerm
as	O
a	O
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
right	B-aspectTerm
click	I-aspectTerm
button	I-aspectTerm
is	O
surprisingly	O
intuitive	O
.	O

Far	O
superior	O
to	O
my	O
MacBook	O
.	O

The	O
SuperDrive	B-aspectTerm
is	O
quiet	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
quite	O
easy	O
.	O

The	O
power	B-aspectTerm
plug	I-aspectTerm
has	O
to	O
be	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
power	B-aspectTerm
adaptor	I-aspectTerm
to	O
charge	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
but	O
wo	O
n't	O
stay	O
connected	O
.	O

I	O
decided	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
few	O
notebooks	O
for	O
my	O
nephews	O
for	O
Xmas	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
was	O
completely	O
dead	O
,	O
in	O
fact	O
it	O
had	O
grown	O
about	O
a	O
quarter	O
inch	O
thick	O
lump	O
on	O
the	O
underside	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
no	O
exception	O
.	O

if	O
yo	O
like	O
practicality	B-aspectTerm
this	O
is	O
the	O
laptop	O
for	O
you	O
.	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
a	O
black	O
macbook	O
since	O
2007	O
.	O

I	O
tried	O
several	O
monitors	B-aspectTerm
and	O
several	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
cables	I-aspectTerm
and	O
this	O
was	O
the	O
case	O
each	O
time	O
.	O

CONS	O
:	O
Price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
ridiculous	O
,	O
kinda	O
heavy	O
.	O

If	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
case	O
,	O
then	O
I	O
am	O
completely	O
happy	O

10/10	O
five	O
stars	O
would	O
recommend	O
.	O

The	O
troubleshooting	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
AC	B-aspectTerm
adaptor	I-aspectTerm
so	O
we	O
ordered	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
.	O

I	O
fell	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
my	O
machine	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
pampered	O
.	O

Fan	B-aspectTerm
only	O
comes	O
on	O
when	O
you	O
are	O
playing	B-aspectTerm
a	I-aspectTerm
game	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Which	O
it	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
,	O
only	O
3	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
2	I-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
.	O

No	O
startup	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
included	O
but	O
that	O
may	O
be	O
my	O
fault	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
"	B-aspectTerm
tools	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
menu	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
very	O
fast	O
and	O
has	O
everything	O
that	O
I	O
need	O
except	O
for	O
a	O
word	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Needs	O
a	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
DVD	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
a	O
bigger	O
power	B-aspectTerm
switch	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
laptop	O
ever	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

My	O
laptop	O
with	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
crashed	O
and	O
I	O
did	O
not	O
want	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
8	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Was	O
skeptical	O
about	O
buying	O
an	O
electronic	O
item	O
online	O
but	O
it	O
turned	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
positive	O
experience	O
.	O

Not	O
a	O
scratch	O
or	O
mark	O
on	O
it	O
.	O

Easy	O
to	O
install	B-aspectTerm
also	O
small	O
to	O
leave	O
anywhere	O
at	O
your	O
bedroom	O
also	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
configure	B-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
ADSl	I-aspectTerm
cable	I-aspectTerm
or	I-aspectTerm
wifi	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Words	O
can	O
not	O
express	O
how	O
much	O
I	O
love	O
my	O
new	O
Mac	O
.	O

The	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
could	O
have	O
been	O
better	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
n't	O
a	O
deal	O
breaker	O
...	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
little	O
laptop	O
...	O
love	O
it	O
!	O

The	O
item	O
received	O
was	O
exactly	O
as	O
identified	O
.	O

Its	O
everything	O
mac	O
offers	O
.	O

Nice	O
packing	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Besides	O
being	O
elegant	O
,	O
the	O
MacBooks	O
are	O
durable	O
.	O

I	O
switched	O
to	O
this	O
because	O
I	O
wanted	O
something	O
different	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
I	O
miss	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
the	O
MBP	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
competing	O
PC	O
laptops	O
.	O

Apple	O
no	O
longer	O
includes	O
iDVD	B-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
computer	O
and	O
furthermore	O
,	O
Apple	O
does	O
n't	O
even	O
offer	O
it	O
anymore	O
!	O

I	O
also	O
wanted	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
this	O
one	O
has	O
.	O

At	O
first	O
,	O
I	O
feel	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
uncomfortable	O
in	O
using	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
used	O
to	O
computers	O
with	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
so	O
I	O
am	O
having	O
a	O
little	O
difficulty	O
finding	O
my	O
way	O
around	O
.	O

They	O
replaced	O
it	O
and	O
so	O
far	O
so	O
good	O
.	O

It	O
just	O
works	B-aspectTerm
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
and	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
cool	O
software	B-aspectTerm
included	O
with	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Good	O
in	O
every	O
aspect	O
.	O

its	O
as	O
advertised	O
on	O
here	O
.....	O
it	O
works	B-aspectTerm
great	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
waste	O
of	O
money	O
!	O

Replaced	O
this	O
one	O
with	O
my	O
mac	O
that	O
was	O
stolen	O
,	O
its	O
a	O
great	O
computer	O
.	O

Just	O
be	O
careful	O
;	O
you	O
always	O
have	O
to	O
give	O
up	O
some	O
good	O
stuff	O
for	O
others	O
.	O

Runs	B-aspectTerm
like	O
a	O
champ	O
.....	O

Really	O
great	O
...	O
Well	O
let	O
me	O
start	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
.	O

Premium	O
price	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
more	O
than	O
anything	O
else	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
a	O
gift	O
for	O
my	O
grand	O
son	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
a	O
little	O
concerned	O
about	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
based	O
on	O
reviews	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
've	O
found	O
it	O
fine	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
Mac	O
book	O
pro	O
along	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
27	O
"	O
iMac	O
and	O
while	O
they	O
are	O
still	O
light	O
years	O
more	O
reliable	O
than	O
a	O
PC	O
I	O
have	O
noticed	O
a	O
decline	O
in	O
the	O
reliability	B-aspectTerm
of	O
my	O
Mac	O
computers	O
.	O

The	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
as	O
mentioned	O
earlier	O
is	O
n't	O
the	O
best	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
solved	O
with	O
headphones	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
track	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
squirrely	O
at	O
times-	O
sometimes	O
too	O
sensitive	O
,	O
and	O
sometimes	O
a	O
bit	O
unresponsive	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
's	O
usable	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
experience	O
was	O
great	O
since	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
does	O
not	O
become	O
unstable	O
and	O
the	O
application	B-aspectTerm
will	O
simply	O
shutdown	O
and	O
reopen	O
.	O

Then	O
only	O
FOUR	O
months	O
later	O
,	O
my	O
great	O
MacBook	O
pro	O
FAILED	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
ask	O
me	O
,	O
for	O
this	O
price	B-aspectTerm
it	O
should	O
be	O
included	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
as	O
shown	O
in	O
the	O
product	O
photos	O
.	O

Even	O
though	O
I	O
could	O
have	O
gotten	O
a	O
pc	O
twice	O
the	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
same	O
price	B-aspectTerm
I	O
still	O
think	O
there	O
's	O
nothing	O
like	O
a	O
Mac	O
.	O

Seems	O
a	O
much	O
more	O
economical	O
way	O
to	O
get	O
into	O
Apple	O
than	O
their	O
other	O
computers	O
.	O

Shipping	B-aspectTerm
was	O
quick	O
and	O
product	O
described	O
was	O
the	O
product	O
sent	O
and	O
so	O
much	O
more	O
...	O

I	O
'm	O
so	O
disgusted	O
that	O
I	O
wasted	O
my	O
money	O
on	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

All	O
you	O
get	O
is	O
a	O
box	O
and	O
a	O
computer	O
.	O

the	O
retina	B-aspectTerm
display	I-aspectTerm
display	I-aspectTerm
make	O
pictures	O
i	O
took	O
years	O
ago	O
jaw	O
dropping	O
.	O

Its	O
only	O
crashed	O
on	O
me	O
one	O
time	O
in	O
the	O
3	O
months	O
i	O
've	O
had	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
is	O
probably	O
the	O
simplest	O
example	O
of	O
compact	B-aspectTerm
computing	I-aspectTerm
out	O
there	O
.	O

Instead	O
,	O
I	O
'll	O
focus	O
more	O
on	O
the	O
actual	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
feature	I-aspectTerm
set	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
hardware	I-aspectTerm
itself	O
so	O
you	O
can	O
make	O
an	O
educated	O
decision	O
on	O
which	O
Mac	O
to	O
buy	O
.	O

My	O
bag	O
just	O
got	O
a	O
little	O
lighter	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
Not	O
exagerating	O
when	O
I	O
say	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
perfect	O
..	O
i	O
It	O
is	O
!	O
!	O

This	O
machine	O
is	O
flawless	O
,	O
fast	O
,	O
and	O
classy	O
.	O

Other	O
ports	B-aspectTerm
include	O
FireWire	B-aspectTerm
800	I-aspectTerm
,	O
Gigabit	B-aspectTerm
Ethernet	I-aspectTerm
,	O
MagSafe	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
,	O
Microphone	B-aspectTerm
jack	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
stayed	O
up	O
half	O
the	O
night	O
enjoying	O
my	O
new	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
a	O
100	O
times	O
better	O
than	O
a	O
Chromebook	O
!	O

Additionally	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
barely	O
a	O
ventilation	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
and	O
even	O
the	O
simple	O
activity	O
of	O
watching	B-aspectTerm
videos	I-aspectTerm
let	O
alone	O
playing	B-aspectTerm
steam	I-aspectTerm
games	I-aspectTerm
causes	O
the	O
laptop	O
to	O
get	O
very	O
very	O
hot	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
fact	O
impossible	O
to	O
keep	O
on	O
lap	O
.	O

At	O
$	O
1899	O
to	O
start	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
no	O
cheap	O
machine	O
.	O

Chatting	O
with	O
Acer	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
was	O
advised	O
the	O
problem	O
was	O
corrupted	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
been	O
a	O
couple	O
weeks	O
since	O
the	O
purchase	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
struggle	O
with	O
finding	O
the	O
correct	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
(	O
but	O
that	O
was	O
expected	O
)	O
.	O

Many	O
people	O
complain	O
about	O
the	O
new	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
urgent	O
for	O
Apple	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
asap	O
!	O

Now	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
upgraded	O
to	O
Lion	B-aspectTerm
I	O
am	O
much	O
happier	O
about	O
MAC	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
and	O
have	O
just	O
bought	O
an	O
iMac	O
for	O
office	O
.	O

User	O
upgradeable	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
and	O
HDD	B-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
I	O
wanted	O
the	O
Pro	O
for	O
the	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
DVD	I-aspectTerm
player	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
might	O
have	O
read	O
it	O
incorrectly	O
,	O
but	O
better	O
safe	O
than	O
sorry	O
right	O
?	O

The	O
ultimate	O
graduation	O
gift	O
.	O

The	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
is	O
good	O
but	O
should	O
have	O
splurged	O
for	O
8Mb	O
instead	O
of	O
4Mb	O
.	O

was	O
debating	O
to	O
buy	O
one	O
for	O
months	O
,	O
checked	O
out	O
different	O
stuff	O
on	O
youtube	O
,	O
and	O
read	O
different	O
articles	O
and	O
debates	O
,	O
I	O
just	O
did	O
nt	O
really	O
wanna	O
spend	O
the	O
money	O
but	O
I	O
m	O
glad	O
that	O
I	O
did	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
recommend	O
it	O
to	O
everyone	O
who	O
is	O
tired	O
of	O
the	O
constant	O
attention	O
PC	O
's	O
require	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
a	O
little	O
worry	O
at	O
first	O
because	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
experience	O
with	O
os.x	B-aspectTerm
and	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
has	O
always	O
been	O
second	O
nature	O
to	O
me	O
after	O
many	O
years	O
of	O
using	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
an	O
Info	O
Sys	O
major	O
in	O
college	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
started	O
researching	O
this	O
issue	O
on	O
my	O
own	O
.	O

Solution	O
:	O
it	O
turned	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
pretty	O
simple	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
softwares	B-aspectTerm
supporting	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
other	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
makes	O
it	O
much	O
better	O
.	O

Still	O
have	O
n't	O
solved	O
this	O
.	O

I	O
then	O
upgraded	O
to	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
X	I-aspectTerm
10.8	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
Mountain	I-aspectTerm
Lion	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
EXTREMELY	O
fast	O
and	O
never	O
lags	O
.	O

I	O
told	O
them	O
that	O
I	O
just	O
received	O
my	O
brand	O
new	O
MacBook	O
but	O
I	O
was	O
having	O
issues	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
considering	O
buying	O
the	O
Air	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
reality	O
,	O
this	O
one	O
has	O
a	O
more	O
powerful	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
and	O
seems	O
much	O
more	O
convenient	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
it	O
's	O
about	O
.20	O
inch	O
thicker	O
and	O
2	O
lbs	O
heavier	O
.	O

At	O
home	O
and	O
the	O
office	O
it	O
gets	O
plugged	O
into	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
24	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
LCD	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
,	O
so	O
built	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
terribly	O
important	O
.	O

Hopefully	O
my	O
replacement	O
is	O
brand	O
new	O
.	O

Just	O
beware	O
no	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
slot	I-aspectTerm
so	O
when	O
I	O
went	O
to	O
install	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
I	O
had	O
on	O
CD	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
dedicate	O
a	O
small	O
,	O
portable	O
laptop	O
to	O
my	O
writing	O
and	O
was	O
surprised	O
to	O
learn	O
that	O
I	O
needed	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
to	O
do	O
so	O
.	O

This	O
version	O
of	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
runs	O
on	O
a	O
third	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
generation	I-aspectTerm
CPU	I-aspectTerm
(	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
Ivy	I-aspectTerm
Bridge	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
)	I-aspectTerm
,	O
not	O
the	O
latest	O
fourth	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
generation	I-aspectTerm
Haswell	I-aspectTerm
CPU	I-aspectTerm
the	O
2013	O
version	O
has	O
.	O

Actually	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
I	O
was	O
intimidated	O
by	O
the	O
change	O
from	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

No	O
Cd	B-aspectTerm
Rom	I-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
new	O
version	O
there	O
's	O
no	O
way	O
I	O
'm	O
spending	O
that	O
kind	O
of	O
money	O
on	O
something	O
has	O
less	O
features	B-aspectTerm
than	O
the	O
older	O
version	O
.	O

Definitely	O
worth	O
spending	O
the	O
money	O
on	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
three	O
words	O
:	O
Piece	O
of	O
Junk	O
!	O

the	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
is	O
really	O
low	O
to	O
low	O
for	O
a	O
laptopwas	O
not	O
expectin	O
t	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
to	O
be	O
so	O
lowan	O
i	O
hate	O
that	O
about	O
this	O
computer	O

Fits	O
all	O
my	O
personal	O
needs	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
the	O
pro	O
-	O
active	O
type	O
so	O
I	O
went	O
off	O
and	O
did	O
some	O
preventative	O
fixes	O
.	O

and	O
its	O
not	O
hard	O
to	O
accidentally	O
bang	O
it	O
against	O
something	O
so	O
i	O
recommend	O
getting	O
a	O
case	B-aspectTerm
to	O
protect	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
to	O
explore	O
what	O
the	O
Mac	O
was	O
all	O
about	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
this	O
at	O
an	O
amazing	O
price	B-aspectTerm
from	O
Amazon	O
and	O
it	O
arrived	O
just	O
in	O
time	O
.	O

Every	O
time	O
I	O
log	B-aspectTerm
into	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
after	O
a	O
few	O
hours	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
this	O
endlessly	O
frustrating	O
process	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
go	O
through	O
.	O

The	O
majority	O
of	O
the	O
reviews	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
for	O
the	O
13.3	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
Model	O
#	O
MD101LL	O
/	O
A.	O

Put	O
a	O
SSD	B-aspectTerm
and	O
use	O
a	O
21	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
LED	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
,	O
this	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
is	O
silky	O
smooth	O
!	O

I	O
saw	O
the	O
bad	O
reviews	O
from	O
people	O
saying	O
to	O
buy	O
directly	O
from	O
Apple	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
concerned	O
but	O
I	O
took	O
my	O
chances	O
and	O
am	O
overly	O
impressed	O
.	O

The	O
case	B-aspectTerm
is	O
now	O
slightly	O
larger	O
than	O
the	O
previous	O
generation	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
justifies	O
the	O
small	O
increase	O
in	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
to	O
go	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
as	O
I	O
am	O
old	O
school	O
and	O
hate	O
the	O
pad	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
knew	O
that	O
before	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
,	O
now	O
it	O
works	B-aspectTerm
great	O
,	O
need	O
to	O
get	O
adjusted	O
to	O
the	O
key	B-aspectTerm
board	I-aspectTerm
,	O
as	O
I	O
am	O
used	O
to	O
a	O
bigger	O
one	O
and	O
pounding	O
.	O

When	O
considering	O
a	O
Mac	O
,	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
total	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
ownership	I-aspectTerm
and	O
not	O
just	O
the	O
initial	O
price	B-aspectTerm
tag	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Has	O
all	O
the	O
other	O
features	B-aspectTerm
I	O
wanted	O
including	O
a	O
VGA	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
,	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
,	O
ethernet	B-aspectTerm
and	O
3	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
.	O

A	O
great	O
college	O
tool	O
!	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
dislike	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	O
are	O
the	O
rubber	B-aspectTerm
pads	I-aspectTerm
found	O
on	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
computer	O
for	O
grip	O
.	O

I	O
called	O
apple	O
and	O
no	O
solution	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
decent	O
computer	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
hopefully	O
it	O
will	O
last	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
really	O
happy	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
much	O
better	O
price	B-aspectTerm
on	O
amazon.com	O
than	O
it	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
Mac	O
store	O
.	O

The	O
worst	O
a	O
Mac	O
ever	O
did	O
to	O
me	O
was	O
freeze	O
up	O
.	O

The	O
nicest	O
part	O
is	O
the	O
low	O
heat	O
output	B-aspectTerm
and	O
ultra	O
quiet	O
operation	O
.	B-aspectTerm

I	O
am	O
paying	O
apple	O
to	O
kill	O
my	O
self	O
and	O
my	O
wallet	O
.	O

NO	O
STAR	O
FOR	O
THIS	O
TRASH	O
.	O
[	O
...	O

I	O
will	O
upgrade	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
ram	I-aspectTerm
myself	O
(	O
because	O
with	O
this	O
model	O
you	O
can	O
you	O
can	O
do	O
it	O
)	O
later	O
on	O
.	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
200	O
dollars	O
down	O
.	O

this	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
mic	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
would	O
seem	O
that	O
its	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
10.9	I-aspectTerm
does	O
not	O
handle	O
external	B-aspectTerm
microphones	I-aspectTerm
properly	O
.	O

A	O
lot	O
of	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
shortcuts	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
MBP	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
never	O
exposed	O
to	O
on	O
a	O
normal	O
PC	O
.	O

Was	O
n't	O
sure	O
if	O
I	O
was	O
going	O
to	O
like	O
it	O
much	O
less	O
love	O
it	O
so	O
I	O
went	O
to	O
a	O
local	O
best	O
buy	O
and	O
played	O
around	O
with	O
the	O
IOS	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
on	O
a	O
Mac	O
Pro	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
totally	O
unique	O
and	O
different	O
.	O

Quietest	O
laptop	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
owned	O
.	O

air	O
has	O
higher	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
but	O
the	O
fonts	B-aspectTerm
are	O
small	O
.	O

again	O
this	O
is	O
just	O
my	O
personal	O
honest	O
opinion	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
have	O
much	O
higher	O
expectations	O
than	O
that	O
...	O
I	O
would	O
look	O
elsewhere	O
.	O

working	B-aspectTerm
with	O
Mac	O
is	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
,	O
so	O
many	O
cool	O
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'm	O
going	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
logitevh	O
c270	O
.	O

Very	O
happy	O
with	O
my	O
purchase	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
the	O
brightness	B-aspectTerm
and	O
adjustments	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I'M	O
SO	O
HAPPY	O
WITH	O
MY	O
macbook	O
pro	O
!	O

I	O
only	O
wish	O
this	O
mac	O
had	O
a	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
DVD	I-aspectTerm
player	I-aspectTerm
built	O
in	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
miss	O
is	O
that	O
my	O
old	O
Alienware	O
laptop	O
had	O
backlit	B-aspectTerm
keys	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
miss	O
are	O
the	O
"	B-aspectTerm
Home	I-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
End	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
type	I-aspectTerm
keys	I-aspectTerm
and	O
other	O
things	O
that	O
I	O
grew	O
accustomed	O
to	O
after	O
so	O
long	O
.	O

So	O
happy	O
with	O
this	O
purchase	O
,	O
I	O
just	O
wish	O
it	O
came	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Word	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
more	O
than	O
enough	O
computer	O
to	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
the	O
needs	O
of	O
a	O
high	O
school	O
student	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
enough	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
and	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
to	O
run	O
my	O
business	O
with	O
all	O
the	O
flexibility	B-aspectTerm
that	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
laptop	O
.	O

The	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
simplicity	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
design	B-aspectTerm
..	O
it	O
is	O
lightyears	O
ahead	O
of	O
any	O
PC	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
owned	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
everything	O
about	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
found	O
it	O
toughest	O
to	O
decide	O
between	O
Dell	O
ultra	O
books	O
and	O
Apple	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
excellent	O
,	O
the	O
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
excellent	O
,	O
and	O
downloading	B-aspectTerm
apps	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
breeze	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
smoothness	O
of	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

While	O
we	O
struggle	O
with	O
all	O
the	O
crashes	O
and	O
viruses	O
,	O
the	O
kids	O
computers	O
stay	O
consistent	O
and	O
so	O
we	O
caved	O
in	O
and	O
bought	O
one	O
for	O
buisness	O
!	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
RUN	O
a	O
computer	O
;	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
USE	O
a	O
computer	O
.	O

i	O
have	O
dropped	O
mine	O
a	O
couple	O
times	O
with	O
only	O
a	O
slim	B-aspectTerm
plastic	I-aspectTerm
case	I-aspectTerm
covering	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
made	O
a	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
USB	I-aspectTerm
stick	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Being	O
a	O
PC	O
user	O
for	O
many	O
years	O
to	O
switch	O
to	O
a	O
Mac	O
I	O
will	O
not	O
go	O
back	O
.	O

But	O
with	O
this	O
laptop	O
,	O
the	O
bass	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
weak	O
and	O
the	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
comes	O
out	O
sounding	O
tinny	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
admit	O
it	O
is	O
pricey	O
but	O
the	O
saying	O
is	O
really	O
true	O
with	O
this	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
Laptop	O
(	O
You	O
get	O
what	O
you	O
pay	O
for	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
almost	O
have	O
bought	O
every	O
generation	O
of	O
MacMinis	O
since	O
2005	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
one	O
has	O
n't	O
let	O
me	O
down	O
.	O

The	O
built	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
is	O
really	O
good	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
so	O
Happy	O
and	O
excited	O
about	O
this	O
Product	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
loving	O
the	O
fast	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
also	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
return	O
it	O
because	O
it	O
would	O
n't	O
even	O
start	O
.	O

Further	O
,	O
this	O
Mac	O
Mini	O
has	O
a	O
sloppy	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
interface	I-aspectTerm
(	O
courtesy	O
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
)	O
and	O
the	O
range	B-aspectTerm
is	O
poor	O
.	O

Great	O
deal	O
on	O
an	O
amazing	O
lap	O
top	O
!	O

If	O
you	O
start	O
on	O
the	O
far	O
right	O
side	O
and	O
scroll	O
to	O
your	O
left	O
the	O
start	B-aspectTerm
menu	I-aspectTerm
will	O
automatically	O
come	O
up	O
.	O

Best	O
money	O
I	O
ever	O
spent	O
.	O

My	O
only	O
gripe	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
add	O
more	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
spend	O
another	O
thousand	O
on	O
a	O
laptop	O
since	O
my	O
work	O
already	O
provides	O
me	O
with	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

Fine	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
.	O

can	O
never	O
go	O
wrong	O
with	O
apple	O
products	O
.	O

As	O
far	O
as	O
user	O
type	O
-	O
I	O
dabble	O
in	O
everything	O
from	O
games	B-aspectTerm
(	O
WoW	O
)	O
to	O
Photoshop	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
nothing	O
professionally	O
.	O

It	O
does	O
nt	O
get	O
hot	O
like	O
my	O
PC	O
,	O
with	O
technology	O
always	O
at	O
the	O
tip	O
of	O
our	O
fingertips	O
anytime	O
I	O
forget	O
how	O
to	O
do	O
something	O
i	O
just	O
google	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
re	O
-	O
seated	O
the	O
"	B-aspectTerm
WLAN	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
inside	O
and	O
re	O
-	O
installed	O
the	O
LAN	B-aspectTerm
device	I-aspectTerm
drivers	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
by	O
far	O
beats	O
any	O
computer	O
out	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
today	O
built	B-aspectTerm
well	O
,	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
AMAZING	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
n't	O
used	O
it	O
for	O
anything	O
high	O
tech	O
yet	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
love	O
it	O
already	O
.	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
easy	O
,	O
and	O
offers	O
all	O
kinds	O
of	O
surprises	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
get	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
Customer	I-aspectTerm
Support	I-aspectTerm
to	O
correct	O
the	O
problem	O
.	O

Ideal	O
for	O
someone	O
on	O
the	O
go	O
or	O
for	O
a	O
high	O
school	O
students	O
.	O

A	O
veryimportant	O
feature	O
is	O
Firewire	B-aspectTerm
800	I-aspectTerm
which	O
in	O
my	O
experience	O
works	O
better	O
then	O
USB3	B-aspectTerm
(	O
in	O
PC	O
enabled	O
with	O
USB3)I	B-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
originally	O
sold	O
on	O
the	O
MAC	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
I	O
felt	O
it	O
was	O
inferior	O
in	O
many	O
ways	O
To	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
like	O
iTunes	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
apparent	O
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
Mini	B-aspectTerm
form	I-aspectTerm
factor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
all	O
the	O
nice	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
stuff	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
first	O
time	O
I	O
used	O
the	O
card	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
it	O
took	O
half	O
an	O
hour	O
and	O
a	O
pair	O
of	O
tweezers	O
to	O
remove	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
flaw	O
unfortunately	O
detracts	O
from	O
everything	O
else	O
Apple	O
got	O
right	O
with	O
the	O
Mini	O
.	O

After	O
replacing	O
the	O
spinning	B-aspectTerm
hard	I-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
with	O
an	O
ssd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
,	O
my	O
mac	O
is	O
just	O
flying	O
.	O

I	O
know	O
some	O
people	O
complained	O
about	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
issues	O
but	O
they	O
released	O
a	O
firmware	B-aspectTerm
patch	I-aspectTerm
to	O
address	O
that	O
issue	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
needs	O
of	O
a	O
professional	O
photographer	O
I	O
generally	O
need	O
to	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
the	O
best	O
specs	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Added	O
an	O
iMac	O
about	O
2	O
years	O
later	O
.	O

packing	B-aspectTerm
and	O
everything	O
was	O
perfect	O

I	O
will	O
not	O
hesitate	O
to	O
recommend	O
it	O
to	O
family	O
and	O
friends	O

I	O
called	O
Toshiba	O
where	O
I	O
gave	O
them	O
the	O
serial	O
number	O
and	O
they	O
informed	O
me	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
having	O
issues	O
with	O
the	O
mother	B-aspectTerm
boards	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
having	O
repeat	O
problems	O
as	O
the	O
Mother	B-aspectTerm
Board	I-aspectTerm
in	O
this	O
one	O
is	O
diagnosed	O
as	O
faulty	O
,	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
also	O
comes	O
with	O
4	B-aspectTerm
G	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
but	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
like	O
me	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
max	O
that	O
out	O
so	O
I	O
immediately	O
put	O
8	B-aspectTerm
G	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
in	O
her	O
and	O
I	O
've	O
never	O
used	O
a	O
computer	O
that	O
performs	B-aspectTerm
better	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
is	O
also	O
awesome	O
for	O
my	O
sons	O
virtual	B-aspectTerm
home	I-aspectTerm
schooling	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Cost	B-aspectTerm
is	O
more	O
as	O
compared	O
to	O
other	O
brands	O
.	O

also	O
...	O
-	O
excellent	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system-	I-aspectTerm
size	B-aspectTerm
and	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
for	O
optimal	O
mobility-	B-aspectTerm
excellent	O
durability	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
battery-	I-aspectTerm
the	O
functions	B-aspectTerm
provided	I-aspectTerm
by	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
trackpad	I-aspectTerm
is	O
unmatched	O
by	O
any	O
other	O
brand-	O

This	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
be	O
better	O
than	O
the	O
iMac	O
in	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
n't	O
$	O
1400	O
and	O
smaller	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
done	O
with	O
WinDoze	O
computers	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
about	O
2	O
months	O
now	O
and	O
found	O
no	O
issues	O
with	O
software	B-aspectTerm
or	O
updates	B-aspectTerm
.	O

the	O
latest	O
version	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
disc	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Screen	B-aspectTerm
-	O
although	O
some	O
people	O
might	O
complain	O
about	O
low	O
res	B-aspectTerm
which	O
I	O
think	O
is	O
ridiculous	O
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/Laptop-reviews/train.txt
================================================
I	O
charge	O
it	O
at	O
night	O
and	O
skip	O
taking	O
the	O
cord	B-aspectTerm
with	O
me	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
good	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
bought	O
a	O
HP	O
Pavilion	O
DV4	O
-	O
1222nr	O
laptop	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
so	O
many	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O

The	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
guy	I-aspectTerm
then	O
said	O
the	O
service	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
does	O
not	O
do	O
1-to-1	O
exchange	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
direct	O
my	O
concern	O
to	O
the	O
"	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
team	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
retail	O
shop	O
which	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
netbook	O
from	O
.	O

I	O
investigated	O
netbooks	O
and	O
saw	O
the	O
Toshiba	O
NB305-N410BL	O
.	O

The	O
other	O
day	O
I	O
had	O
a	O
presentation	O
to	O
do	O
for	O
a	O
seminar	O
at	O
a	O
large	O
conference	O
in	O
town-	O
lots	O
of	O
people	O
,	O
little	O
time	O
to	O
prep	O
and	O
have	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
computer	O
to	O
a	O
projector	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
,	O
has	O
a	O
killer	O
GUI	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
extremely	O
stable	O
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	O
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

Easy	O
to	O
start	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
and	O
does	O
not	O
overheat	O
as	O
much	O
as	O
other	O
laptops	O
.	O

Sad	O
very	O
SAD	O
.	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
that	O
it	O
offers	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Photobooth	B-aspectTerm
,	O
garage	B-aspectTerm
band	I-aspectTerm
and	O
more	O
!	O

Needless	O
to	O
say	O
a	O
PC	O
that	O
ca	O
n't	O
support	O
a	O
cell	O
phone	O
is	O
less	O
than	O
useless	O
!	O

Great	O
laptop	O
that	O
offers	O
many	O
great	O
features	B-aspectTerm
!	O

they	O
have	O
done	O
absolutely	O
nothing	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
computer	O
problem	O
.	O

One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	O
,	B-aspectTerm
screen	O
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	O
light	B-aspectTerm
steady	O
,	O
hard	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
light	I-aspectTerm
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	O

Still	O
pretty	O
pricey	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
putting	O
off	O
money	O
for	O
a	O
while	O
as	O
a	O
little	O
Macbook	O
Fund	O
,	O
and	O
finally	O
got	O
to	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
an	O
Asus	O
and	O
same	O
thing-	O
blue	O
screen	O
which	O
required	O
me	O
to	O
remove	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
to	O
reset	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
shop	O
,	O
these	O
MacBooks	O
are	O
encased	O
in	O
a	O
soft	O
rubber	B-aspectTerm
enclosure	I-aspectTerm
-	O
so	O
you	O
will	O
never	O
know	O
about	O
the	O
razor	O
edge	B-aspectTerm
until	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
,	O
get	O
it	O
home	O
,	O
break	O
the	O
seal	O
and	O
use	O
it	O
(	O
very	O
clever	O
con	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
gestures	I-aspectTerm
and	O
large	O
tracking	B-aspectTerm
area	I-aspectTerm
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
unnecessary	O
(	O
unless	O
you	O
're	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

Plus	O
it	O
is	O
small	O
and	O
reasonably	O
light	O
so	O
I	O
can	O
take	O
it	O
with	O
me	O
to	O
and	O
from	O
work	O
.	O

I	O
HATE	O
this	O
one	O
.	O

They	O
were	O
totally	O
unconcerned	O
that	O
the	O
computer	O
was	O
not	O
correctly	O
repaired	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
place	O
.	O

Toshiba	O
does	O
not	O
send	O
any	O
one	O
out	O
unless	O
you	O
have	O
paid	O
extra	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
on	O
site	O
repair	O
done	O
.	O

Oh	O
,	O
boy	O
!	O

But	O
while	O
this	O
is	O
one	O
big	O
advantage	O
(	O
as	O
you	O
may	O
know	O
from	O
the	O
company	O
s	O
recent	O
commercials	O
)	O
there	O
are	O
other	O
things	O
to	O
consider	O
before	O
going	O
with	O
Apple	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
way	O
the	O
entire	O
suite	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
works	O
together	O
.	O

The	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
is	O
incredible	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
more	O
than	O
satisfied	O
.	O

on	O
the	O
bright	O
side	O
at	O
least	O
I	O
was	O
n't	O
without	O
my	O
laptop	O
for	O
long	O
this	O
time	O
!	O

This	O
laptop	O
meets	O
every	O
expectation	O
and	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
!	O

That	O
's	O
how	O
frustrating	O
it	O
was	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
barely	O
use	O
any	O
usb	B-aspectTerm
devices	I-aspectTerm
because	O
they	O
will	O
not	O
stay	O
connected	O
properly	O
.	O

The	O
one	O
down	O
side	O
to	O
it	O
is	O
that	O
when	O
I	O
play	O
a	O
certin	O
game	O
on	O
here	O
,	O
it	O
tends	O
to	O
freeze	O
up	O
sometimes	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
s	O
the	O
only	O
bad	O
thing	O
about	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

-No	O
backlit	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
not	O
an	O
issue	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
finally	O
had	O
everything	O
running	O
with	O
all	O
my	O
software	B-aspectTerm
installed	O
I	O
plugged	O
in	O
my	O
droid	O
to	O
recharge	O
and	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
crashed	O
.	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
even	O
turn	O
it	O
off	O
.	O

One	O
suggestion	O
I	O
do	O
have	O
,	O
is	O
to	O
not	O
bother	O
getting	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
mac	I-aspectTerm
expecting	O
it	O
will	O
work	O
just	O
like	O
you	O
knew	O
it	O
to	O
on	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

Pairing	O
it	O
with	O
an	O
iPhone	O
is	O
a	O
pure	O
pleasure	O
-	O
talk	O
about	O
painless	O
syncing	B-aspectTerm
-	O
used	O
to	O
take	O
me	O
forever	O
-	O
now	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
snap	O
.	O

I	O
shopped	O
around	O
before	O
buying	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
got	O
the	O
added	O
bonus	O
of	O
a	O
30	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
HD	I-aspectTerm
Monitor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
really	O
helps	O
to	O
extend	O
my	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
keep	O
my	O
eyes	O
fresh	O
!	O

Would	O
do	O
business	O
again	O
.	O

The	O
machine	O
is	O
slow	O
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
and	O
occasionally	O
crashes	O
completely	O
.	O

After	O
paying	O
several	O
hundred	O
dollars	O
for	O
this	O
service	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
is	O
frustrating	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
not	O
get	O
help	O
after	O
hours	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
the	O
luxury	O
(	O
sarcasm	O
)	O
of	O
owning	O
2	O
of	O
these	O
laptops	O
.	O

What	O
a	O
waste	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
total	O
Dhell	O
experience	O
that	O
I	O
will	O
never	O
repeat	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
a	O
few	O
flaws	O
as	O
well	O
that	O
I	O
noticed	O
.	O

Completely	O
worth	O
every	O
single	O
penny	O
dime	O
and	O
nickel	O
.	O

I	O
tried	O
to	O
upgrade	O
it	O
to	O
a	O
newer	O
version	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
I	O
still	O
have	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
have	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
once	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
was	O
only	O
a	O
couple	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
been	O
working	O
perfect	O
ever	O
since	O
.	O

:)	O
In	O
the	O
past	O
four	O
years	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
it	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
once	O
gotten	O
a	O
virus	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
preloaded	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

They	O
were	O
great	O
in	O
handling	O
this	O
problem	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
looking	O
forward	O
in	O
purchasing	O
additonal	O
products	O
from	O
them	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
tried	O
going	O
back	O
to	O
XL	O
but	O
there	O
still	O
problems	O
.	O

The	O
best	O
thing	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
along	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
newer	O
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
numerous	O
attempts	O
of	O
trying	O
(	O
including	O
setting	O
the	O
clock	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
BIOS	I-aspectTerm
setup	I-aspectTerm
directly	O
)	O
,	O
I	O
gave	O
up(I	O
am	O
a	O
techie	O
)	O
.	O

YOU	O
WILL	O
NOT	O
BE	O
ABLE	O
TO	O
TALK	O
TO	O
AN	O
AMERICAN	O
WARRANTY	B-aspectTerm
SERVICE	I-aspectTerm
IS	O
OUT	O
OF	O
COUNTRY	O
.	O

But	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
potentially	O
hundreds	O
or	O
thousands	O
in	O
the	O
near	O
future	O
.	O

Has	O
met	O
or	O
exceeded	O
my	O
needs	O
for	O
a	O
compact	O
travel	O
device	O
.	O

but	O
now	O
i	O
have	O
realized	O
its	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
brand	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
can	O
not	O
save	O
the	O
correct	O
date	O
and	O
time	O
I	O
set	O
.	O

I	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Toshiba	O
twice	O
they	O
covered	O
it	O
under	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

And	O
this	O
is	O
n't	O
just	O
my	O
one	O
experine	O
.	O

They	O
sent	O
me	O
a	O
replacement	O
part	O
and	O
without	O
informing	O
me	O
are	O
requiring	O
that	O
I	O
return	O
it	O
within	O
15	O
days	O
or	O
contact	O
them	O
and	O
let	O
them	O
know	O
the	O
broken	O
part	O
will	O
be	O
returned	O
later	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
mac	O
which	O
is	O
portable	O
and	O
has	O
all	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
that	O
I	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
highly	O
recommend	O
this	O
one	O
to	O
my	O
friends	O

I	O
honestly	O
love	O
my	O
mac	O
,	O
that	O
s	O
why	O
I	O
am	O
a	O
self	O
proclaimed	O
mac	O
addict	O
.	O

And	O
these	O
are	O
some	O
reasons	O
you	O
should	O
get	O
a	O
macbook	O
pro	O
.	O

Also	O
kinda	O
loud	O
when	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
was	O
running	O
.	O

In	O
desparation	O
,	O
I	O
called	O
their	O
Customer	B-aspectTerm
Service	I-aspectTerm
number	I-aspectTerm
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
my	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
had	O
expired	O
(	O
2	O
days	O
old	O
)	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
priviledge	O
of	O
talking	B-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
a	I-aspectTerm
technician	I-aspectTerm
would	O
cost	O
me	O
(	O
"	O
have	O
your	O
credit	O
card	O
ready	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
purchased	O
this	O
laptop	O
while	O
on	O
a	O
business	O
trip	O
to	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
my	O
email	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
as	O
certain	O
times	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
loads	O
but	O
claims	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
any	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
or	O
files	O
.	O

Drivers	B-aspectTerm
updated	O
ok	O
but	O
the	O
BIOS	B-aspectTerm
update	I-aspectTerm
froze	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
up	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
shut	O
down	O
.	O

-they	O
lost	O
my	O
laptop	O
for	O
a	O
month	O

Spent	O
2	O
hours	O
on	O
phone	O
with	O
HP	B-aspectTerm
Technical	I-aspectTerm
Support	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
second	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
head	O
and	O
shoulders	O
above	O
my	O
first	O
.	O

at	O
first	O
!	O

Speaking	O
of	O
the	O
browser	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
too	O
has	O
problems	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
just	O
going	O
from	O
PC	O
to	O
Mac	O
has	O
gotten	O
me	O
totally	O
spoiled	O
and	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
imagine	O
ever	O
going	O
back	O
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
too	O
slick	O
.	O

Nightly	O
my	O
computer	O
defrags	O
itself	O
and	O
runs	O
a	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
scan	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
like	O
9	B-aspectTerm
punds	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
look	O
past	O
it	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
GREAT	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
just	O
as	O
fast	O
with	O
one	O
program	B-aspectTerm
open	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
with	O
sixteen	O
open	O
.	O

Still	O
under	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
so	O
called	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
no	O
help	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
happy	O
with	O
My	O
purchase	O
of	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
Satellite	O
L305D	O
-	O
S5934	O
laptop	O
until	O
it	O
came	O
time	O
to	O
have	O
it	O
repaired	O
under	O
the	O
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
Warranty	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
LOVE	O
IT	O
!	O

Amazing	O
Quality	B-aspectTerm
!	O

The	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
spend	O
over	O
$	O
100	O
on	O
just	O
a	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
underscores	O
the	O
value	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
machine	O
.	O

I	O
mainly	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
email	O
,	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
managing	B-aspectTerm
personal	I-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
(	O
pics	O
,	O
vids	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
month	O
or	O
so	O
ago	O
,	O
the	O
freaking	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
just	O
died	O
.	O

The	O
system	B-aspectTerm
it	O
comes	O
with	O
does	O
not	O
work	O
properly	O
,	O
so	O
when	O
trying	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
it	O
started	O
not	O
working	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Then	O
after	O
4	O
or	O
so	O
months	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
buy	O
new	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
just	O
to	O
keep	O
this	O
computer	O
running	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Best	O
Buy	O
where	O
they	O
were	O
so	O
helpful	O
and	O
immediately	O
gave	O
me	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
had	O
PC	O
for	O
four	O
years	O
I	O
can	O
almost	O
gaurentee	O
that	O
something	O
would	O
of	O
gone	O
wrong	O
by	O
now	O
,	O
maybe	O
even	O
forcing	O
you	O
to	O
replace	O
your	O
entire	O
computer	O
.	O

*	O
2	O
weeks	O
after	O
giving	O
the	O
computer	O
for	O
repair*-Called	O
headquarters	O
,	O
they	O
report	O
that	O
they	O
have	O
not	O
looked	O
at	O
it	O
yet	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
"	O
on	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
stack	O
"	O
.	O

This	O
machine	O
delivers	O
.	O

Then	O
2	O
of	O
my	O
nephews	O
were	O
going	O
into	O
music	O
and	O
both	O
fell	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

I	O
complain	O
again	O
...	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
insane	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

If	O
a	O
website	O
ever	O
freezes	O
(	O
which	O
is	O
rare	O
)	O
,	O
its	O
really	O
easy	O
to	O
force	B-aspectTerm
quit	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
does	O
run	O
a	O
little	O
warm	O
but	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
negligible	O
concern	O
.	O

It	O
rarely	O
works	B-aspectTerm
and	O
when	O
it	O
does	O
it	O
's	O
incredibly	O
slow	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
enjoy	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
laptop	O
allows	O
me	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
VMWare	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
through	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
,	O
to	O
find	B-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
a	O
lot	O
faster	O
!	O

Purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
Lap	O
top	O
it	O
worked	O
good	O
until	O
just	O
after	O
the	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
always	O
swore	O
by	O
PCs	O
and	O
would	O
never	O
consider	O
a	O
MAC	O
.	O

what	O
an	O
elegant	O
,	O
wonderful	O
machine	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
now	O
my	O
3rd	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
and	O
I	O
really	O
honestly	O
love	O
it	O
!	O

for	O
2	O
months	O
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
to	O
purchase	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
and	O
they	O
refused	O
,	O
because	O
they	O
knew	O
it	O
was	O
trouble	O
.	O

Do	O
you	O
ever	O
think	O
HP	O
would	O
do	O
that	O
?	O
NEVER	O
!	O

We	O
upgraded	O
the	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
to	O
four	O
gigabytes	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
performace	B-aspectTerm
increase	O
in	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
not	O
like	O
I	O
have	O
used	O
for	O
half	O
a	O
year	O
and	O
then	O
complained	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

Still	O
trying	O
to	O
learn	O
how	O
to	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
reality	O
was	O
,	O
it	O
heated	O
up	O
very	O
quickly	O
,	O
and	O
took	O
way	O
too	O
long	O
to	O
do	O
simple	O
things	O
,	O
like	O
opening	B-aspectTerm
my	I-aspectTerm
Documents	I-aspectTerm
folder	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
bought	O
the	O
netbook	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
smaller	O
and	O
lighter	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
carry	O
around	O
.	O

The	O
Genius	O
at	O
the	O
Apple	O
store	O
advised	O
me	O
that	O
there	O
was	O
nothing	O
about	O
my	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
computer	O
that	O
caused	O
this	O
failure	O
.	O

We	O
'll	O
save	O
our	O
money	O
to	O
replace	O
it	O
with	O
a	O
Mac	O
again	O
!	O

Thank	O
you	O
for	O
your	O
great	O
product	O
!	O

this	O
company	O
truely	O
does	O
make	O
horrible	O
products	O
and	O
does	O
nt	O
seem	O
to	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
certain	O
things	O
like	O
this	O
"	O
never	O
"	O
happen	O
...	O

I	O
had	O
always	O
used	O
PCs	O
and	O
been	O
constantly	O
frustrated	O
by	O
the	O
crashing	O
and	O
the	O
poorly	O
designed	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
systems	I-aspectTerm
that	O
were	O
never	O
very	O
intuitive	O
.	O

Sorry	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
but	O
1st	O
impressions	O
do	O
count	O
for	O
something	O
.	O

Then	O
,	O
within	O
5	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
crapped	O
out	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
iphone	O
or	O
ipod	O
touch	O
you	O
can	O
connect	O
and	O
download	O
songs	O
to	O
it	O
at	O
high	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Overall	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
great	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
glass	B-aspectTerm
touchpad	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
continued	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
computer	O
in	O
AGAIN	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
hard	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
mother	O
board	B-aspectTerm
yet	I-aspectTerm
again	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
using	O
the	O
external	B-aspectTerm
speaker-	I-aspectTerm
sound	B-aspectTerm
is	O
good	O
.	O

The	O
Apple	O
MC371LL	O
/	O
A	O
2.4Ghz	O
15.4-inch	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
Notebook	O
is	O
a	O
horrible	O
waste	O
of	O
money	O
.	O

Ok	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
probably	O
the	O
best	O
laptop	O
series	O
ever	O
devised	O
by	O
Apple	O
.	O

As	O
of	O
a	O
couple	O
weeks	O
ago	O
the	O
middle	O
portion	O
of	O
the	O
laptop	O
from	O
top	O
to	O
bottom,,,about	O
4	O
inches	O
across	O
is	O
hardly	O
visible	O
.	O

still	O
testing	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
as	O
i	O
thought	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
better	O
,	O
but	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
upgrade	O
.	O

Then	O
HP	O
sends	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
me	O
with	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
screwed	O
up	O
,	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
connect	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
hope	O
the	O
reputation	O
that	O
Toshiba	O
has	O
is	O
true	O
and	O
I	O
wo	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
a	O
crash	O
.	O

Oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
forget	O
the	O
expensive	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
to	O
and	O
from	O
HP	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
anyone	O
to	O
buy	O
from	O
pcconnection	O
express	O
.	O

Good	O
luck	O
.	O

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
is	O
just	O
so	O
much	O
simpler	O
than	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
favorite	O
by	O
far	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
most	O
expensive	O
,	O
was	O
my	O
Sony	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
writing	O
,	O
editing	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
problem	O
since	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
forward	O
delete	O
key	B-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

Also	O
I	O
typed	O
faster	O
then	O
then	O
letters	O
would	O
show	O
and	O
it	O
got	O
to	O
be	O
realy	O
annoying	O
.	O

As	O
an	O
owner	O
of	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
Satalite	O
laptop	O
computer	O
things	O
you	O
should	O
know	O
before	O
you	O
buy	O
.	O

Its	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
top	O
service	B-aspectTerm
from	O
Apple-	O
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	B-aspectTerm
assistance	I-aspectTerm
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	B-aspectTerm
bar-	I-aspectTerm
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
word	B-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
and	O
movie	B-aspectTerm
playing	I-aspectTerm
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

I	O
shipped	O
out	O
on	O
Saturday	O
,	O
July	O
17	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
it	O
for	O
really	O
cheap	O
also	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
AMAZING	O
.	O

Acer	O
has	O
set	O
me	O
up	O
with	O
FREE	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
discs	I-aspectTerm
,	O
when	O
they	O
are	O
available	O
since	O
I	O
asked	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
purchased	O
Office	B-aspectTerm
Max	I-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
Max	I-aspectTerm
Assurance	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
"	O
no	O
lemon	O
"	O
clause	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
find	O
yourself	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
(	O
and	O
have	O
the	O
money	O
)	O
do	O
n't	O
exclude	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
MBPs	O
.	O

I	O
eventually	O
did	O
the	O
migration	O
from	O
my	O
iMac	B-aspectTerm
backup	I-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
which	O
uses	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Those	O
things	O
are	O
very	O
important	O
-	O
vital	O
even	O
!	O

-They	O
say	O
it	O
will	O
take	O
"	O
up	O
to	O
two	O
weeks	O
"	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
one	O
thing	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
good	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
no	O
issues	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

Enabling	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
timer	I-aspectTerm
is	O
useless	O
.	O

Temperatures	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
outside	O
were	O
alright	O
but	O
i	O
did	O
not	O
track	O
in	O
Core	B-aspectTerm
Processing	I-aspectTerm
Unit	I-aspectTerm
temperatures	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Yeah	O
,	O
to	O
you	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
a	O
mac	O
as	O
my	O
HS	O
graduation	O
gift	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
now	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
1.5	O
months	O
and	O
love	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
turned	O
out	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
really	O
a	O
problem	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
Mac	O
.	O

Page	O
just	O
disapeared	O
after	O
you	O
got	O
yahoo	O
or	O
downloaded	O
something	O
.	O

Images	O
can	O
be	O
multi	O
-	O
selected	O
and	O
viewed	O
swiftly	O
or	O
in	O
slideshow	O
mode	O
.	O

Going	O
to	O
bring	O
it	O
to	O
service	B-aspectTerm
today	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
purchase	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
saves	O
me	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
and	O
money	O
.	O

But	O
we	O
had	O
paid	O
for	O
bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
there	O
was	O
none	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
paid	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
LG	B-aspectTerm
notebook	I-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
at	O
Alexandra	O
Road	O
,	O
hoping	O
they	O
can	O
make	O
the	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
tighter	O
.	O

My	O
daughter	O
uses	O
it	O
for	O
games	B-aspectTerm
,	O
email	O
,	O
facebook	O
,	O
pictures	O
and	O
music	O
.	O

Laptop	O
is	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
like	O
a	O
Netbook	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
always	O
reliable	O
,	O
never	O
bugged	O
and	O
responds	B-aspectTerm
well	O
.	O

After	O
about	O
a	O
week	O
I	O
finally	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
had	O
failed	O
and	O
so	O
they	O
installed	O
a	O
new	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Trying	O
to	O
balance	O
all	O
of	O
my	O
roles	O
leaves	O
very	O
little	O
time	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
do	O
anything	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
manage	O
my	O
time	O
I	O
do	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
most	O
efficient	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
slow	O
,	O
locked	O
up	O
,	O
and	O
also	O
had	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
replaced	O
after	O
only	O
2	O
months	O
!	O

they	O
had	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
in	O
April	O

Yes	O
,	O
the	O
computer	O
was	O
light	O
weight	O
,	O
less	O
expensive	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
pretty	O
self	O
explantory	O
in	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
a	O
representive	B-aspectTerm
at	I-aspectTerm
Microsoft	I-aspectTerm
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
charge	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
believe	O
is	O
robbery	O
,	O
since	O
you	O
are	O
charged	O
enormous	O
amounts	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
badly	O
designed	O
system	B-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
most	O
people	O
would	O
have	O
went	O
with	O
XP	B-aspectTerm
if	O
they	O
could	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
little	O
indent	O
to	O
help	O
open	O
it	O
-	O
but	O
good	O
luck	O
with	O
that	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
WIndows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
which	O
is	O
a	O
vast	O
improvment	O
over	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
alot	O
of	O
trouble	O
with	O
it	O
getting	O
very	O
hot	O
,	O
and	O
not	O
even	O
sitting	O
on	O
anything	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
hot	O
.	O

It	O
Was	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
after	O
all	O
.	O

This	O
mac	O
is	O
great	O
!	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
very	O
quiet	O
for	O
all	O
the	O
typing	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
.	O

I	O
grew	O
up	O
in	O
a	O
design	O
family	O
so	O
it	O
only	O
made	O
sense	O
.	O

Gave	O
phonenumber	O
.	O

It	O
would	O
take	O
up	O
too	O
much	O
time	O
to	O
do	O
reaearch	O
for	O
my	O
papers	O
and	O
I	O
would	O
be	O
up	O
hours	O
-	O
just	O
because	O
the	O
computer	O
was	O
too	O
slow	O
.	O

Oh	O
my	O
goodness	O
-	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
a	O
happy	O
camper	O
.	O

Dell	B-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
customer	I-aspectTerm
disservice	I-aspectTerm
is	O
an	O
insult	O
to	O
it	O
's	O
customers	O
who	O
pay	O
good	O
money	O
for	O
shoddy	O
products	O
.	O

I	O
'd	O
recommend	O
this	O
laptop	O
to	O
anyone	O
!	O

Yet	O
,	O
HP	O
wo	O
n't	O
do	O
anything	O
about	O
the	O
problem	O
.	O

i	O
'm	O
returning	O
mine	O

It	O
had	O
a	O
cooling	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
malfunction	O
after	O
10	O
minutes	O
of	O
general	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
move	O
past	O
this	O
error	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
render	O
AVCHD	O
movies	O
with	O
little	O
effort	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
problem	O
for	O
most	O
pc	O
's	O
unless	O
you	O
had	O
a	O
quad	B-aspectTerm
core	I-aspectTerm
I7	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
bummer	O
and	O
one	O
out	O
of	O
five	O
is	O
being	O
kind	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
what	O
they	O
told	O
me	O
:	O
It	O
heats	O
up	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
reason	O
we	O
no	O
longer	O
call	O
them	O
laptops	O
,	O
and	O
simply	O
categorize	O
them	O
as	O
portables	O
.	O

After	O
talking	O
it	O
over	O
with	O
the	O
very	O
knowledgeable	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
associate	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
chose	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
over	O
the	O
white	O
MacBook	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
really	O
want	O
a	O
bang	O
-	O
up	O
system	B-aspectTerm
and	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
,	O
go	O
with	O
an	O
Apple	O
;	O

You	O
wo	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
spend	O
gobs	O
of	O
money	O
on	O
some	O
inefficient	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
that	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
updated	O
every	O
month	O
and	O
that	O
constantly	O
drains	O
your	O
wallet	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
fast	O
and	O
you	O
will	O
literally	O
learn	O
all	O
you	O
can	O
do	O
with	O
this	O
dynamo	O
by	O
just	O
watching	O
the	O
online	O
tutorials	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
them	O
seems	O
to	O
have	O
worked	O
.	O

Which	O
I	O
still	O
use	O
and	O
have	O
hooked	O
up	O
to	O
my	O
TV	O
.	O

The	O
problem	O
I	O
had	O
with	O
this	O
unit	O
was	O
unresolvable	O
.	O

It	O
weighed	B-aspectTerm
like	O
seven	B-aspectTerm
pounds	I-aspectTerm
or	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
.	O

2	O
months	O
later	O
,	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
went	O
.	O

You	O
may	O
need	O
to	O
special	O
order	O
a	O
bag	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
color	B-aspectTerm
is	O
even	O
cool	O
.	O

and	O
it	O
has	O
blue	O
screen	O
crashed	O
on	O
me	O
twice	O
.	O

Another	O
two	O
weeks	O
later	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
back	O
in	O
my	O
possession	O
.	O

keys	B-aspectTerm
are	O
all	O
in	O
weird	O
places	O
and	O
is	O
way	O
too	O
large	O
for	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
is	O
designed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
've	O
owned	O
every	O
"	O
Pro	O
"	O
model	O
Apple	O
laptop	O
for	O
the	O
last	O
8	O
years	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
BY	O
FAR	O
the	O
WORST	O
one	O
I	O
've	O
ever	O
had	O
.	O

We	O
purchase	O
the	O
Dell	O
XPS	O
several	O
years	O
ago	O
for	O
my	O
home	O
business	O
.	O

Have	O
purchased	O
many	O
products	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
from	O
MacConnection	O
and	O
this	O
transaction	O
,	O
like	O
all	O
the	O
others	O
,	O
we	O
smoothly	O
with	O
no	O
problems	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
anyone	O
to	O
buy	O
from	O
pcconnection	O
express	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
a	O
Mac	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
money	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
laptop	O
out	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
comparison	O
in	O
style	B-aspectTerm
,	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
and	O
just	O
cool	O
factor	O
.	O

He	O
gave	O
me	O
this	O
PC	O
about	O
3	O
years	O
ago	O
and	O
up	O
to	O
this	O
point	O
i	O
m	O
still	O
sitting	O
here	O
using	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
pleased	O
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
feels	O
good	O
and	O
I	O
type	O
just	O
fine	O
on	O
it	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
healthy	O
pessimism	O
,	O
I	O
took	O
the	O
machine	O
home	O
and	O
tried	O
to	O
find	O
a	O
flaw	O
.	O

Shiny	O
This	O
Laptop	O
is	O
the	O
Best	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
!	O

I	O
thought	O
the	O
white	O
Mac	O
computers	O
looked	O
dirty	O
too	O
quicly	O
where	O
you	O
use	O
the	O
mousepad	B-aspectTerm
and	O
where	O
you	O
place	O
your	O
hands	O
when	O
typing	O
.	O

And	O
not	O
to	O
mention	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
or	O
so	O
,	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
will	O
slowly	O
less	O
and	O
less	O
hold	O
a	O
charge	O
until	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
leave	O
it	O
unplugged	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
5	O
minutes	O
without	O
the	O
thing	O
dying	O
.	O

Do	O
n't	O
waste	O
their	O
money	O
,	O
save	O
it	O
and	O
but	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

Money	O
and	O
time	O
well	O
spent	O
!	O

Gradually	O
the	O
freezing	O
screen	O
evolved	O
into	O
a	O
screen	O
that	O
froze	O
in	O
weird	O
shapes	O
.	O

BEST	O
BUY	O
-	O
5	O
STARS	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
(	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
,	O
service	B-aspectTerm
,	O
respect	O
for	O
old	O
men	O
who	O
are	O
n't	O
familiar	O
with	O
the	O
technology	O
)	O
DELL	O
COMPUTERS	O
-	O
3	O
stars	O
DELL	B-aspectTerm
SUPPORT	I-aspectTerm
-	O
owes	O
a	O
me	O
a	O
couple	O

Good	O
laptop	O
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
the	O
laptop	O
overall	O
.	O

I	O
now	O
travel	O
with	O
this	O
laptop	O
and	O
my	O
work	O
PC	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
however	O
pleased	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
still	O
hanging	O
in	O
there	O
.	O

Both	O
my	O
husband	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
this	O
model	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

no	O
complaints	O
with	O
their	O
desktop	O
,	O
and	O
maybe	O
because	O
it	O
just	O
sits	O
on	O
your	O
desktop	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
carry	O
it	O
around	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
jar	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
,	O
or	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
construction	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
longevity	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Since	O
I	O
keyboard	O
over	O
100	O
wpm	O
,	O
I	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
unit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
comfortble	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
(	O
no	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
sticking	O
or	O
lagging	O
,	O
strange	O
configuration	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
extra	I-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

)	O
I	O
also	O
tried	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	O
compared	O
it	O
to	O
other	O
netbooks	O
in	O
the	O
store	O
.	O

It	O
absolutely	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
most	O
PC	O
laptops	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
minimal	O
problems	O
that	O
have	O
arisen	O
make	O
it	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
pricetag	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
gets	O
stuck	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
you	O
use	O
it	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
keep	O
tapping	O
on	O
it	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
work	O
.	B-aspectTerm

lots	O
of	O
preloaded	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Sony	O
,	O
Acer	O
,	O
Dell	O
,	O
Packard	O
Bell	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

and	O
then	O
,	O
a	O
guy	O
came	O
out	O
to	O
serve	O
me	O
instead	O
.	O

Breaking	O
within	O
1	O
year	O
of	O
purchase	O
and	O
speaking	O
to	O
4	O
+	O
people	O
to	O
report	O
the	O
damaged	O
part	O
will	O
be	O
returned	O
late	O
!	O

Have	O
returned	O
that	O
laptop	O
unused	O
.	O

Will	O
probably	O
never	O
buy	O
a	O
HP	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
tired	O
of	O
buying	O
laptops	O
and	O
having	O
them	O
stop	O
working	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
.	O

I	O
should	O
have	O
been	O
more	O
observant	O
.	O

I	O
wish	O
it	O
had	O
a	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
though	O
,	O
then	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
perfect	O
!	O

My	O
favorite	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
vga	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
so	O
I	O
can	O
connect	O
it	O
to	O
a	O
bigger	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Another	O
thing	O
I	O
might	O
add	O
is	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
excellent	O
.	O

One	O
drawback	O
,	O
I	O
wish	O
the	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
were	O
backlit	O
.	O

When	O
the	O
buyer	O
returned	O
it	O
Wal	O
Mart	O
just	O
boxed	O
it	O
,	O
taped	O
it	O
shut	O
resold	O
it	O
as	O
new	O
.	O

What	O
a	O
great	O
little	O
laptop	O
.	O

Acer	O
was	O
no	O
help	O
and	O
Garmin	O
could	O
not	O
determine	O
the	O
problem(after	O
spending	O
about	O
2	O
hours	O
with	O
me	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
returned	O
it	O
and	O
purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
R700	O
that	O
seems	O
even	O
nicer	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
load	O
all	O
of	O
my	O
software	B-aspectTerm
with	O
no	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
wish	O
the	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
could	O
be	O
louder	O
and	O
the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
did	O
nt	O
break	O
after	O
only	O
a	O
month	O
.	O

I	O
play	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
casual	O
games	O
online	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
responsive	O
.	O

Granted	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
still	O
a	O
very	O
new	O
laptop	O
but	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
my	O
previous	O
laptops	O
and	O
desktops	O
,	O
my	O
Mac	O
boots	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
noticeably	O
quicker	O
.	O

It	O
caught	O
a	O
virus	O
that	O
completely	O
wiped	O
out	O
my	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
in	O
a	O
matter	O
of	O
hours	O
.	O

WOULD	O
PAY	O
MORE	O
FOR	O
IT	O
IF	O
I	O
HAD	O
TOO	O
!	O

Could	O
n't	O
keep	O
a	O
page	O
up	O
you	O
were	O
working	O
on	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
everything	O
I	O
'd	O
hoped	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
from	O
a	O
look	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
feel	I-aspectTerm
standpoint	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
somehow	O
a	O
bit	O
more	O
sturdy	O
.	O

the	O
only	O
fact	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
like	O
about	O
apples	O
is	O
they	O
generally	O
use	O
safari	B-aspectTerm
and	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
use	O
safari	B-aspectTerm
but	O
after	O
i	O
install	O
Mozzilla	B-aspectTerm
firfox	I-aspectTerm
i	O
love	O
every	O
single	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
there	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fingerprint	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
driver	I-aspectTerm
would	O
be	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
would	O
hang	O
after	O
installation	O
was	O
1/2	O
way	O
done	O
.	O

Great	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
,	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
display	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
this	O
product	O
to	O
anyone	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
to	O
use	O
it	O
at	O
the	O
race	O
track	O
to	O
handiecap	O
the	O
horse	O
races	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
given	O
a	O
Mac	O
as	O
a	O
birthday	O
present	O
and	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
happier	O
with	O
it	O
3	O
years	O
later	O
.	O

The	O
delivery	B-aspectTerm
was	O
fast	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
would	O
not	O
hesitate	O
to	O
purchase	O
this	O
laptop	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
for	O
such	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
.	O

do	O
a	O
quick	O
search	O
on	O
the	O
internet	O
see	O
if	O
i	O
m	O
the	O
only	O
one	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
extremely	O
happy	O
with	O
my	O
purchase	O
as	O
I	O
now	O
have	O
the	O
portable	O
power	O
I	O
have	O
been	O
looking	O
for	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
are	O
terrific	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
replacements	O
for	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
.	O

they	O
improved	O
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	B-aspectTerm
,	O
appearance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
cooling	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
,	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
webcam	I-aspectTerm
and	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
mic	I-aspectTerm
were	O
shorting	O
out	O
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	O
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	B-aspectTerm
and	O
mic	B-aspectTerm
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

Is	O
this	O
partially	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
running	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
Vista	I-aspectTerm
?	O

You	O
might	O
think	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
new	O
in	O
this	O
game	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
am	O
a	O
gadget	O
lover	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
more	O
than	O
2	O
dozens	O
laptops	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
15	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
none	O
gets	O
this	O
hot	O
,	O
that	O
fast	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
informed	O
that	O
I	O
need	O
to	O
call	O
some	O
0900	O
number	O
first	O
.	O

I	O
really	O
wanted	O
a	O
Mac	O
over	O
a	O
pc	O
because	O
I	O
used	O
a	O
Mac	O
in	O
high	O
school	O
.	O

1	O
)	O
Payed	O
$	O
2200	O
for	O
a	O
"	O
premium	O
"	O
laptop	O

I	O
BOUGHT	O
THEM	O
FOR	O
MY	O
COLLEGE	O
AGE	O
GRANDCHILDREN	O
AND	O
THESE	O
MACS	O
ARE	O
TOTALLY	O
RELIABLE	O
AND	O
SUPPORT	O
THEIR	O
CLASS	O
WORK	O
100	O
%	O
OF	O
THE	O
TIME	O
.	O

The	O
board	O
has	B-aspectTerm
a	O
bad	O
connector	O
with	B-aspectTerm
the	O
power	O
supply	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
shortly	O
after	O
warrenty	O
expires	B-aspectTerm
the	O
power	O
supply	B-aspectTerm
will	I-aspectTerm
start	O
having	O
issues	O
.	O

Do	O
not	O
purchase	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

My	O
dad	O
has	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
very	O
first	O
Toshibas	O
ever	O
made	O
,	O
yes	O
its	O
abit	O
slow	O
now	O
but	O
still	O
works	B-aspectTerm
well	O
and	O
i	O
hooked	O
to	O
my	O
ethernet	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Mostly	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
drag	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
drop	I-aspectTerm
feature	I-aspectTerm
.	O

oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
the	O
fancy	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
breaks	O
guess	O
who	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
to	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
?	O

She	O
brought	O
out	O
2	O
other	O
identical	O
netbooks	O
and	O
still	O
insist	O
that	O
"	O
It	O
is	O
like	O
that	O
one	O
"	O
.	O

I	O
ordered	O
through	O
MacMall	O
,	O
which	O
saved	O
me	O
the	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
tax	I-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
have	O
incurred	O
buying	O
locally	O
.	O

Very	O
fast	O
and	O
efficient	O
!	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	O
software	B-aspectTerm
packages	I-aspectTerm
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	O
including	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
,	O
GarageBand	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
iMovie	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Being	O
virus	O
-	O
resistant	O
is	O
a	O
huge	O
plus	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
large	O
and	O
crystal	O
clear	O
with	O
amazing	O
colors	B-aspectTerm
and	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
a	O
little	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
year	O
of	O
owning	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
,	O
the	O
monitor	B-aspectTerm
has	O
completely	O
died	O
.	O

In	O
my	O
house	O
,	O
HP	O
is	O
a	O
nasty	O
word	O
.	O

The	O
brand	O
of	O
iTunes	B-aspectTerm
has	O
just	O
become	O
ingrained	O
in	O
our	O
lexicon	O
now	O
,	O
but	O
keep	O
in	O
mind	O
that	O
Apple	O
started	O
it	O
all	O
.	O

By	O
the	O
way	O
teachers	O
,	O
they	O
offer	O
a	O
discount	O
which	O
helps	O
!	O

now	O
he	O
mows	O
yards	O
so	O
he	O
can	O
earn	O
the	O
money	O
for	O
the	O
wireless	O
internet	O
.	O

I	O
still	O
see	O
the	O
benefits	O
of	O
a	O
PC	O
when	O
I	O
do	O
not	O
know	O
how	O
to	O
do	O
something	O
on	O
my	O
mac	O
.	O

Size	B-aspectTerm
:	O
I	O
know	O
13	O
is	O
small	O
(	O
especially	O
for	O
a	O
desktop	O
replacement	O
)	O
but	O
with	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
monitor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
who	O
cares	O
.	O

Additional	O
caveat	O
:	O
the	O
base	B-aspectTerm
installation	I-aspectTerm
comes	O
with	O
some	O
Toshiba	O
-	O
specific	O
software	B-aspectTerm
that	O
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
liking	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
held	O
in	O
place	O
magnetically	O
.	O

Taking	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Best	O
Buy	O
I	O
found	O
that	O
a	O
tiny	O
plastic	O
piece	O
inside	O
had	O
broken	O
(	O
manuf	O
issue	B-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
no	O
camera	B-aspectTerm
but	O
,	O
I	O
can	O
always	O
buy	O
and	O
install	O
one	O
easy	O
.	O

The	O
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
incredibly	O
bright	O
,	O
much	O
brighter	O
than	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
and	O
very	O
crisp	O
.	O

We	O
were	O
PC	O
users	O
.	O

The	O
AMD	B-aspectTerm
Turin	I-aspectTerm
processor	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
always	O
perform	O
so	O
much	O
better	O
than	O
Intel	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
that	O
the	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
under	O
warranty	O
.	B-aspectTerm

The	O
start	B-aspectTerm
menu	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
the	O
easiest	O
thing	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
due	O
to	O
the	O
stacking	O
.	O

Only	O
thing	O
I	O
would	O
want	O
to	O
add	O
to	O
this	O
is	O
an	O
internal	O
bluray	B-aspectTerm
read	I-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
write	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
computer	O
was	O
awful	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
recomend	O
it	O
to	O
another	O
person	O
.	O

The	O
service	B-aspectTerm
tech	I-aspectTerm
said	O
he	O
had	O
tried	O
to	O
duplicate	O
the	O
damage	O
and	O
was	O
n't	O
able	O
to	O
recreate	O
it	O
therefore	O
it	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
their	O
defect	O
.	O

The	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
store	I-aspectTerm
I	O
purchased	O
this	O
from	O
sent	O
it	O
back,,,,,eventually	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
new	O
or	O
repaired	O
machine	O
approximately	O
3	O
weeks	O
later	O
.	O

I	O
loved	O
it	O
then	O
,	O
but	O
unfortunately	O
it	O
was	O
before	O
the	O
days	O
of	O
wireless	O
internet	O
.	O

Really	O
like	O
the	O
textured	O
surface	B-aspectTerm
which	O
shows	O
no	O
fingerprints	O
.	O

I	O
WILL	O
NEVER	O
AGAIN	O
buy	O
another	O
Acer	O
,	O
not	O
will	O
I	O
buy	O
Gateway	O
,	O
or	O
eMachine	O
as	O
they	O
are	O
all	O
from	O
the	O
same	O
company	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
bright	O
and	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
nice	O
;	O

I	O
look	O
forward	O
to	O
years	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
held	O
up	O
well	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
and	O
it	O
fits	O
my	O
needs	O
very	O
well	O
.	O

I	O
m	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
this	O
computer	O
!	O

But	O
the	O
machine	O
is	O
awesome	O
and	O
iLife	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
and	O
I	O
love	O
Snow	B-aspectTerm
Leopard	I-aspectTerm
X.	I-aspectTerm

High	O
price	B-aspectTerm
tag	I-aspectTerm
,	O
however	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
learning	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
would	O
be	O
hard	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
easily	O
picked	O
up	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
familiar	O
with	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

My	O
kids	O
have	O
to	O
take	O
their	O
PCs	O
in	O
once	O
a	O
year	O
to	O
have	O
them	O
"	O
de	O
-	O
bugged	O
"	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
static	O
in	O
the	O
output	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
output	I-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
to	O
"	O
FM	O
"	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
the	O
default	O
"	O
CD	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
laugh	O
too	O
!	O

Since	O
I	O
purchased	O
my	O
Toshiba	O
netbook	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
been	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
a	O
laptob	O
and	O
a	O
desktop	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
my	O
macbook	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
my	O
baby	O
ever	O
since	O
.	O

That	O
is	O
how	O
it	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
function	O
better	O
than	O
any	O
other	O
PC	O
.	O

I	O
custom	O
ordered	O
the	O
machine	O
from	O
HP	O
and	O
could	O
NOT	O
understand	O
the	O
techie	B-aspectTerm
due	O
to	O
his	O
accent	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
lightweight	O
.	O

I	O
went	O
to	O
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
online	I-aspectTerm
help	I-aspectTerm
and	O
found	O
some	O
suggestions	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
a	O
bit	O
heavy	O
.	O

after	O
trying	O
to	O
get	O
some	O
help	O
he	O
disconnected	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

They	O
also	O
have	O
a	O
longer	O
service	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
than	O
other	O
computers	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
several	O
friends	O
who	O
still	O
use	O
the	O
older	O
Apple	O
PowerBooks	O
)	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
check	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
the	O
same	O
notebook	O
with	O
the	O
above	O
missing	O
ports	B-aspectTerm
and	O
a	O
dual	O
core	O
AMD	O
or	O
Intel	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
has	O
a	O
sleek	O
look	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
especially	O
like	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
which	O
has	O
chiclet	O
type	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Small	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
somewhat	O
limiting	O
but	O
great	O
for	O
travel	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
the	O
primary	O
reasons	O
why	O
I	O
purchased	O
an	O
IPad	O
was	O
to	O
store	O
photographs	O
so	O
that	O
I	O
could	O
show	O
to	O
my	O
customers	O
.	O

Runs	O
Hot	O
I	O
thought	O
we	O
were	O
paying	O
for	O
quality	O
in	O
our	O
decision	O
to	O
buy	O
an	O
Apple	O
product	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
not	O
so	O
good	O
,	O
I	O
got	O
the	O
stock	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
-	O
which	O
is	O
VERY	O
glossy	O
.	O

The	O
gray	B-aspectTerm
color	I-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
good	O
choice	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
the	O
second	O
computer	O
and	O
brand	O
bought	O
that	O
day	O
.	O

Buy	O
this	O
.	O

VERY	O
disappointing	O
:	O

I	O
love	O
this	O
product	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
Toshiba	O
and	O
its	O
15.6	O
"	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
have	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
rather	O
than	O
the	O
adjustment	O
that	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
first	O
computer	O
purchase	O

People	O
know	O
what	O
they	O
are	O
talking	O
about	O
and	O
they	O
have	O
pride	O
in	O
the	O
product	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
selling	O
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
a	O
AMD	O
Semprom	O
at	O
2.1	O
ghz	O
is	O
a	O
bummer	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
power	O
for	O
HD	O
or	O
heavy	O
computing	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Would	O
HIGHLY	O
recommend	O
this	O
netbook	O
though	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
several	O
machines	O
over	O
the	O
years	O
,	O
both	O
for	O
personal	O
and	O
business	O
use	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
a	O
protector	B-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
key	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
works	O
great	O
:)	O

The	O
magnetic	B-aspectTerm
plug	I-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
charging	I-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
cord	I-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
(	O
I	O
even	O
put	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
test	O
by	O
accident)-	O
excellent	O
innovation	O
!	O

Well	O
i	O
got	O
this	O
computer	O
from	O
Best	O
Buy	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
nothing	O
but	O
problems	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
computer	O
with	O
a	O
virus	O
.....	O

It	O
seems	O
they	O
could	O
have	O
updated	O
XP	B-aspectTerm
and	O
done	O
without	O
creating	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	B-aspectTerm
fast	O
and	O
has	O
great	O
graphics	O
for	B-aspectTerm
the	O
money	O
.	O

I	O
decided	O
I	O
wanted	O
a	O
laptop	O
so	O
I	O
went	O
into	O
the	O
BBY	O
store	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
how	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
is	O
so	O
simple	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

While	O
Apple	O
's	O
saving	O
grace	O
is	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
they	O
at	O
least	O
stand	O
behind	O
their	O
products	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
support	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
nice	O
if	O
their	O
products	O
were	O
more	O
reliable	O
to	O
justify	O
the	O
premium	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
three	O
years	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
a	O
virus	O
on	O
my	O
computer	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
internet	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
ready	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
a	O
refund	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
Geek	B-aspectTerm
Squad	I-aspectTerm
camed	O
through	O
and	O
pointed	O
me	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
direction	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
laptops	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
and	O
I	O
thought	O
why	O
not	O
give	O
these	O
small	O
netbooks	O
a	O
try	O
.	O

It	O
ca	O
n't	O
get	O
any	O
better	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
problems	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
with	O
PC	O
's	O
are	O
solved	O
with	O
a	O
Mac	O
:	O
the	O
issue	O
of	O
overheating	O
-	O
my	O
Dell	O
was	O
always	O
overheating	O
and	O
not	O
working	O
properly	O
or	O
simply	O
shutting	O
off	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
issue	O
of	O
viruses	O
and	O
contaminants	O
-	O
my	O
HP	O
completely	O
quit	O
working	O
within2	O
years	O
of	O
purchasing	O
it	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
inexpensive	O
way	O
of	O
fixing	O
it	O
.	O

only	O
good	O
thing	O
is	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
other	O
lock	O
-	O
up	O
problems	O
are	O
from	O
a	O
myriad	O
of	O
causes	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
being	O
a	O
corrupted	O
version	O
of	O
Appleworks	B-aspectTerm
which	O
can	O
render	O
the	O
browser	B-aspectTerm
useless	O
.	O

In	O
short	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
buy	O
a	O
Compaq	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
15	O
"	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

breaks	O
easily	O
.	O

The	O
paint	B-aspectTerm
wears	O
off	O
easily	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
being	O
farther	O
back	O
than	O
usual	O
.	O

That	O
's	O
right	O
,	O
no	O
power	O
,	O
absolutely	O
NOTHING	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
purchased	O
it	O
from	O
a	O
major	O
electronics	O
store	O
and	O
took	O
it	O
to	O
their	O
service	B-aspectTerm
department	I-aspectTerm
to	O
find	O
out	O
what	O
the	O
problem	O
was	O
.	O

The	O
store	O
honored	O
their	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
made	O
the	O
comment	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
even	O
recommend	O
the	O
HP	O
brand	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
problems	O
with	O
their	O
warrentys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
I	O
was	O
wrong	O
.	O

NO	O
good	O
.	O

I	O
always	O
use	O
a	O
backup	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
to	O
store	O
important	O
files	O
at	O
all	O
times	O
.	O

They	O
sent	O
out	O
the	O
box	O
right	O
away	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
in	O
my	O
computer	O
,	O
they	O
paid	O
postage	O
and	O
whatnot	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
I	O
got	O
my	O
computer	O
back	O
it	O
still	O
was	O
n't	O
running	B-aspectTerm
right	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
my	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
was	O
n't	O
reading	O
anything	O
!	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
Was	O
the	O
worst	O
Laptop	O
I	O
've	O
ever	O
bought	O
.	O

But	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
that	O
bad	O
for	O
email	O
and	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Once	O
I	O
removed	O
all	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
the	O
laptop	O
loads	B-aspectTerm
in	O
15	O
-	O
20	O
seconds	O
.	O

On	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
use	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
use	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
because	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
computer	O
does	O
n't	O
do	O
that	O
well	O
with	O
certain	O
games	B-aspectTerm
it	O
ca	O
n't	O
play	O
some	O
and	O
it	O
becomes	O
too	O
hot	O
while	O
playing	O
games	O
.	O

Obviously	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
features	B-aspectTerm
of	O
any	O
computer	O
is	O
the	O
"	O
human	B-aspectTerm
interface	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Yeah	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
smarty	O
pants	O
"	O
fix	O
it	O
now")Software	O
-	O
Compared	O
to	O
the	O
early	O
2011	O
edition	O
I	O
did	O
see	O
inbuilt	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
crashing	O
and	O
it	O
prompted	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
report	O
to	O
Apple	O
(	O
which	O
I	O
promptly	O
did	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
body	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
cheaply	O
made	O
so	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
interesting	O
to	O
see	O
how	O
long	O
it	O
holds	O
up	O
.	O

The	O
i5	B-aspectTerm
blows	O
my	O
desktop	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
water	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
rendering	O
videos	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
mac	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
antivirus	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
or	O
firewall	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
wonderful	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
use	O
it	O
was	O
purchased	O
for	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
good	O
Laptop	O
.	O

Am	O
very	O
glad	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
,	O
great	O
netbook	O
,	O
low	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Obviously	O
,	O
this	O
Macbook	O
is	O
P	O
-	O
E	O
-	O
R	O
-	O
F	O
-	O
E	O
-	O
C	O
-	O
T	O
for	O
me	O
because	O
it	O
does	O
exactly	O
what	O
I	O
need	O
in	O
an	O
easy	O
-	O
to	O
-	O
function	O
way	O
.	O

Worth	O
the	O
investment	O
and	O
truly	O
a	O
fine	O
piece	O
of	O
equipment	O
.	O

The	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
team	I-aspectTerm
also	O
assists	O
you	O
very	O
nicely	O
when	O
choosing	O
which	O
computer	O
is	O
right	O
for	O
you	O
:)	O

Summary	O
:	O
Do	O
nt	O
buy	O
HP	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
,	O
yet	O
I	O
know	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
the	O
entire	O
issue	O
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	O
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

The	O
video	B-aspectTerm
chat	I-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
is	O
iffy	O
about	O
it	O
but	O
i	O
m	O
sure	O
once	O
they	O
unpdate	O
the	O
next	O
version	O
on	O
the	O
macbook	O
book	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
of	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
better	O
.	O

You	O
'll	O
need	O
to	O
upgrade	O
and	O
pay	O
a	O
little	O
more	O
for	O
them	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
hard	O
to	O
fix	O
and	O
makes	O
it	O
a	O
hassle	O
to	O
own	O
one	O
.	O

That	O
whole	O
experience	O
was	O
just	O
ridiculous	O
we	O
sent	O
it	O
in	O
and	O
after	O
they	O
told	O
us	O
that	O
we	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
$	O
175	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
we	O
were	O
like	O
we	O
will	O
just	O
by	O
a	O
portable	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
which	O
would	O
be	O
way	O
cheaper	O
but	O
they	O
refused	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
laptop	O
back	O
until	O
we	O
paid	O
the	O
$	O
175	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
fixed	O
.	O

Macs	O
are	O
designed	O
for	O
the	O
"	O
frontal	O
lobe	O
challenged	O
"	O
people	O
out	O
there	O
.	O

Fan	B-aspectTerm
vents	O
to	O
the	O
side	O
,	O
so	O
no	O
cooling	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
needed	O
,	O
great	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
!	O

i	O
use	O
my	O
mac	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
i	O
love	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
takes	O
a	O
short	O
time	O
to	O
load	O
things	O
,	O
how	O
easy	O
it	O
is	O
to	O
use	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
all	O
how	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
viruses	O
.	O

Wasted	O
me	O
at	O
least	O
8	O
hours	O
of	O
installation	B-aspectTerm
time	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
has	O
far	O
exceeded	O
my	O
expectations	O
for	O
power	B-aspectTerm
,	O
storage	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
abilitiy	B-aspectTerm
.	O

A	O
great	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
spotlight	B-aspectTerm
search	I-aspectTerm
:	O
one	O
can	O
search	O
for	O
documents	O
by	O
simply	O
typing	O
a	O
keyword	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
parsing	O
tens	O
of	O
file	O
folders	O
for	O
a	O
document	O
.	O

My	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
would	O
not	O
recognize	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
get	O
online	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
why	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
enjoying	O
it	O
and	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
it	O
provides	O
is	O
great	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
the	O
worst	O
laptop	O
ever	O

Suffice	O
it	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
keeps	O
me	O
going	O
with	O
its	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
blazing	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'm	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
lie	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
never	O
really	O
liked	O
the	O
Acer	O
brand	O
in	O
general	O
.	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
very	O
user	O
friendly	O
,	O
even	O
for	O
those	O
that	O
switch	O
from	O
a	O
PC	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
little	O
practice	O
you	O
can	O
take	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
this	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
!	O

iTunes	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
handy	O
music	O
-	O
management	O
program	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
anyone	O
with	O
an	O
iPod	O
.	O

-I	O
give	O
up	O
on	O
my	O
data	O
,	O
I	O
just	O
want	O
a	O
computer	O
reasonably	O
fast	O
...	O

Would	O
buy	O
100	O
more	O
of	O
these	O
if	O
I	O
could	O
.	O

while	O
it	O
was	O
barely	O
a	O
bargin	O
in	O
the	O
begining	O
,	O
i	O
would	O
never	O
purchase	O
another	O
dell	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
recomend	O
the	O
dell	O
brand	O
to	O
others	O
.	O

it	O
was	O
shooting	O
sparks	O
!	O

Great	O
product	O
.	O

Mac	O
is	O
not	O
made	O
for	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Well	O
I	O
spilled	O
something	O
on	O
it	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
it	O
with	O
this	O
model	O
,	O
which	O
gets	O
hot	O
and	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
make	O
it	O
through	O
1	O
DVD	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
to	O
set	O
up	O
my	O
new	O
printer	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
wonderful	O
experiences	O
with	O
helpful	O
,	O
english	O
speaking	O
(	O
from	O
Vancouver	O
)	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
walked	O
me	O
through	O
the	O
processes	O
to	O
help	O
me	O
.	O

But	O
Sony	O
said	O
we	O
could	O
send	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
be	O
charged	O
for	O
adding	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
bluetooth	I-aspectTerm
an	O
additional	O
seventy	O
something	O
dollars	O
.	O

By	O
this	O
time	O
I	O
was	O
regretting	O
ever	O
SEEING	O
this	O
machine	O
on	O
the	O
shelf	O
!	O

Toshiba	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
brand	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
it	O
!	O

I	O
need	O
graphic	B-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
to	O
run	O
my	O
Adobe	B-aspectTerm
Creative	I-aspectTerm
apps	I-aspectTerm
efficiently	O
.	O

the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
are	O
esay	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
are	O
quick	O
to	O
process	O
this	O
computer	O
works	O
like	O
a	O
charm	O
.	O

The	O
materials	B-aspectTerm
that	O
came	O
with	O
the	O
computer	O
did	O
not	O
include	O
the	O
right	O
#	O
anywhere	O
.	O

So	O
when	O
you	O
do	O
call	O
to	O
complain	O
about	O
the	O
hunk	O
of	O
metal	O
you	O
get	O
the	O
joy	O
of	O
speaking	O
with	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
people	O
you	O
ca	O
nt	O
understand	O
.	O

That	O
day	O
!	O

"	O
For	O
one	O
,	O
I	O
noticed	O
that	O
from	O
turning	O
on	O
my	O
mac	O
to	O
logging	O
on	O
only	O
took	O
about	O
25	O
seconds	O
.	O

It	O
does	O
not	O
even	O
have	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
to	O
play	O
a	O
dvd	O
now	O
.	O

My	O
brother	O
is	O
a	O
computer	O
wiz	O
and	O
would	O
laugh	O
at	O
me	O
because	O
he	O
used	O
an	O
Apple	O
.	O

Tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
tells	O
me	O
the	O
latter	O
problem	O
is	O
a	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
problem	O
and	O
have	O
offered	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
if	O
it	O
happens	O
again	O
.	O

Since	O
I	O
never	O
really	O
got	O
to	O
use	O
this	O
,	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
comment	O
on	O
anything	O
except	O
what	O
went	O
wrong	O
after	O
trying	O
2	O
of	O
them	O
.	O

Buyers	O
beware	O
.	O

HOW	O
DOES	O
THE	O
POWER	B-aspectTerm
SUPPLY	I-aspectTerm
NOT	O
WORK	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

Sells	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
a	O
netbook	O
without	O
sacrificing	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'll	O
rather	O
be	O
out	O
of	O
date	O
then	O
spend	O
more	O
money	O
on	O
toshiba	O
.	O

upon	O
giving	O
them	O
the	O
serial	O
number	O
the	O
first	O
thing	O
I	O
was	O
told	O
,	O
was	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	O
and	B-aspectTerm
I	O
could	O
pay	O
to	O
have	O
it	O
repaired	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
SP2	I-aspectTerm
caused	O
many	O
problems	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
remove	O
it	O
.	O

Love	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
reloaded	O
with	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Ultimate	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
the	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Fingerprint	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
(	O
software	B-aspectTerm
)	O
would	O
not	O
load	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
at	I-aspectTerm
HP	I-aspectTerm
knew	O
what	O
they	O
were	O
doing	O
.	O

Oh	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
such	O
a	O
great	O
piece	O
of	O
equipment	O
.	O

this	O
is	O
my	O
second	O
one	O
and	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
,	O
bad	O
video	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
unreliable	O
overall	O
,	O
this	O
will	O
be	O
my	O
second	O
time	O
returning	O
this	O
laptop	O
back	O
to	O
best	O
buy	O
.	O

I	O
use	O
that	O
alot	O
on	O
my	O
desktop	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
am	O
adjusting	O
to	O
not	O
having	O
it	O
.	O

With	O
awesome	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
and	O
assuring	O
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
perfect	O
!	O

Laptop	O
was	O
in	O
new	O
condition	O
and	O
operational	O
,	O
but	O
for	O
the	O
audio	B-aspectTerm
problem	O
when	O
1st	O
sent	O
for	O
repair	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
disappointed	O
when	O
I	O
realized	O
that	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
light	O
up	O
on	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

This	O
machine	O
was	O
a	O
horrible	O
experience	O
.	O

It	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
perfectly	O
.	O

Very	O
dissappointed	O
becase	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
toshibas	O
for	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
never	O
a	O
issue	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
have	O
any	O
creativity	O
in	O
you	O
do	O
yourself	O
a	O
favor	O
and	O
get	O
a	O
mac	O
!	O

The	O
laptop	O
was	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Congratulations	O
Asus	O
for	O
creating	O
one	O
big	O
piece	O
of	O
dump	O
which	O
is	O
my	O
laptop	O
.	O

Sometimes	O
the	O
screen	O
even	B-aspectTerm
goes	O
black	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
definitely	O
recommend	O
checking	O
out	O
this	O
laptop	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
for	O
one	O
.	O

I	O
recommend	O
for	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
users	O
.	O

Since	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
this	O
computer	O
I	O
've	O
only	O
used	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
because	O
it	O
is	O
so	O
nice	O
and	O
smooth	O
.	O

When	O
the	O
computer	O
has	O
been	O
on	O
for	O
several	O
minutes	O
,	O
it	O
will	O
occasionaly	O
just	O
go	O
off	O
by	O
itself	O
.	O

A	O
longer	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
would	O
have	O
been	O
great	O
-	O
but	O
it	O
meets	O
it	O
's	O
spec	B-aspectTerm
quite	O
easily	O
.	O

Who	O
could	O
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
burner	I-aspectTerm
,	O
80-gigabyte	O
HD	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
chip	I-aspectTerm
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
machines	O
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	O
-	O
quality	O
components	B-aspectTerm
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	O

falls	O
into	O
the	O
case	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
something	O
i	O
would	O
deffinately	O
reccomend	O
to	O
someone	O
.	O

Its	O
fast	O
and	O
another	O
thing	O
I	O
like	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
three	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Mac	O
computers	O
automatically	O
"	O
defrag	O
"	O
each	O
time	O
you	O
start	O
your	O
computer	O
.	O

That	O
is	O
my	O
only	O
complaint	O
!	O

The	O
salesman	O
talked	O
us	O
into	O
this	O
computer	O
away	O
from	O
another	O
we	O
were	O
looking	O
at	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
had	O
nothing	O
but	O
problems	O
with	O
software	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
and	O
just	O
not	O
happy	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

That	O
system	B-aspectTerm
is	O
fixed	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
itself	O
was	O
fast	O
,	O
ran	B-aspectTerm
smoothly	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
no	O
problems	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
the	O
smartest	O
thing	O
I	O
did	O
was	O
take	O
my	O
time	O
to	O
compare	O
laptops	O
before	O
making	O
my	O
purchase	O
.	O

Like	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
operation	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
brand	B-aspectTerm
is	O
tarnished	O
in	O
my	O
heart	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	O
and	O
isolation	O
between	O
the	O
components	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
with	O
a	O
ground	B-aspectTerm
loop	I-aspectTerm
isolator	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	O
better	O
product	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
for	O
this	O
price	B-aspectTerm
range	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Honestly	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
absolutely	O
wonderful	O
.	O

I	O
'	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
about	O
a	O
1	O
1/2	O
and	O
yes	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
an	O
issue	O
with	O
it	O
one	O
month	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
really	O
wish	O
I	O
had	O
done	O
this	O
years	O
ago	O
.	O

Well	O
,	O
maybe	O
I	O
was	O
just	O
very	O
unlucky	O
.	O

For	O
example	O
,	O
when	O
my	O
husband	O
turns	O
the	O
light	O
out	O
while	O
I	O
'm	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O

Once	O
open	O
,	O
the	O
leading	B-aspectTerm
edge	I-aspectTerm
is	O
razor	O
sharp	O
.	O

Loaded	O
with	O
bloatware	B-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
you	O
buy	O
,	O
pray	O
you	O
do	O
nt	O
have	O
major	O
prolems	O
.	O

Do	O
n't	O
get	O
me	O
wrong	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
no	O
Microsoft	O
hater	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
just	O
managed	O
to	O
turn	O
into	O
a	O
much	O
bigger	O
Apple	O
fan	O
because	O
of	O
this	O
machine	O
.	O

HP	O
refused	O
to	O
give	O
me	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
and	O
Wal	O
Mart	O
refused	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
back	O
.	O

Within	O
3	O
weeks	O
the	O
same	O
issues	O
started	O
happening	O
AGAIN	O
.	O

Maximum	B-aspectTerm
sound	I-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
nearly	O
as	O
loud	O
as	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
.	O

Well	O
,	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
care	O
a	O
bunch	O
.	O

I	O
loaded	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
via	O
Bootcamp	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
works	O
flawlessly	O
!	O

I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
to	O
shut	O
down	O
the	O
computer	O
unexpectedly	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
has	O
never	O
froze	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

Great	O
Laptop	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
works	B-aspectTerm
well	O
with	O
action	B-aspectTerm
pack	I-aspectTerm
games	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Although	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
higher	O
then	O
Dell	O
laptops	O
,	O
the	O
Macbooks	O
are	O
worth	O
the	O
dough	O
.	O

Recommended	O
to	O
people	O
as	O
their	O
first	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
recomend	O
this	O
acer	O
to	O
parents	O
and	O
grandparents	O
it	O
can	O
really	O
help	O
them	O
in	O
school	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
this	O
to	O
anyone	O
wanting	O
a	O
notebook	O
expecting	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
Desktop	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
meet	O
the	O
expectations	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
arrived	O
in	O
a	O
nice	O
twin	B-aspectTerm
packing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
sealed	O
in	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
functions	B-aspectTerm
works	O
great	O
.	O

So	O
what	O
if	O
the	O
laptops	O
/	O
mobile	O
phones	O
look	B-aspectTerm
chic	O
and	O
cool	O
?	O
The	O
after	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
is	O
terrible	O
.	O

they	O
have	O
not	O
sent	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
nor	O
called	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
easly	O
reccomend	O
this	O
laptop	O
to	O
a	O
friend	O
.	O

I	O
hate	O
the	O
display	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
have	O
done	O
everything	O
I	O
could	O
do	O
the	O
change	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
spent	O
alot	O
of	O
money	O
on	O
this	O
product	O
and	O
its	O
been	O
a	O
nightmare	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
like	O
the	O
acer	B-aspectTerm
arcade	I-aspectTerm
but	O
these	O
were	O
reallythe	O
only	O
two	O
things	O
I	O
liked	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

Have	O
not	O
yet	O
needed	O
any	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
with	O
this	O
yet	O
so	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
thing	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
leaps	O
and	O
bounds	O
ahead	O
of	O
PC	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
.	O

Thinking	O
about	O
returning	O
it	O

I	O
gave	O
it	O
to	O
my	O
daughter	O
because	O
I	O
just	O
hated	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
hated	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
no	O
cd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
to	O
at	O
least	O
play	O
cd	O
's	O
when	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
and	O
do	O
schoolwork	O
.	O

It	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
very	O
quiet	O
too	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
plus	O
.	O

but	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
major	O
design	O
flaw	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
the	O
laptop	O
home	O
and	O
not	O
even	O
a	O
month	O
later	O
,	O
I	O
began	O
to	O
have	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
heavy	O
,	O
bulky	O
,	O
and	O
hard	O
to	O
carry	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

That	O
was	O
my	O
first	O
Apple	O
product	O
and	O
since	O
then	O
I	O
have	O
been	O
incredibly	O
happy	O
with	O
every	O
product	O
of	O
theirs	O
I	O
have	O
bought	O
.	O

i	O
tried	O
turning	O
it	O
done	O
but	O
it	O
did	O
nothing	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
super	O
fast	O
,	O
and	O
always	O
loads	O
.	O

The	O
games	B-aspectTerm
included	O
are	O
very	O
good	O
games	B-aspectTerm
.	O

this	O
computer	O
will	O
last	O
you	O
at	O
least	O
7	O
years	O
,	O
that	O
s	O
an	O
amazing	O
life	B-aspectTerm
spanned	O
an	O
electronic	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
mine	O
from	O
Apple	O
Store	O
the	O
day	O
it	O
was	O
released	O
as	O
Amazon	O
did	O
n't	O
have	O
it	O
yet	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
something	O
else	O
go	O
wrong	O
and	O
they	O
said	O
it	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
good	O
working	O
order	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
buy	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

the	O
whole	O
experiece	O
is	O
horrible	O
so	O
save	O
up	O
and	O
buy	O
a	O
better	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
3	O
days	O
ago	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
my	O
purchase	O
!	O

Sometimes	O
you	O
really	O
have	O
to	O
tap	O
the	O
pad	B-aspectTerm
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
worki	O

It	O
's	O
super	O
fast	O
and	O
a	O
great	O
value	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Three	O
,	O
the	O
mac	O
book	O
has	O
advantages	O
over	O
pcs	O
'	O
with	O
linux	B-aspectTerm
based	I-aspectTerm
os	I-aspectTerm
there	O
is	O
very	O
'	O
few	O
problems	O
with	O
system	B-aspectTerm
performance	I-aspectTerm
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

A	O
mac	O
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
simply	O
makes	O
sense	O
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
eMachines	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
made	O
entirely	O
to	O
blame	O
for	O
this	O
computer	O
's	O
woes	O
;	O

however	O
,	O
I	O
may	O
have	O
inadvertently	O
thrown	O
out	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
batteries	B-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
carton	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Love	O
it	O
so	O
far	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm

There	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
open	O
a	O
program	B-aspectTerm
first	O
and	O
the	O
cliick	O
open	O
or	O
import	O
.	O

In	O
short	O
,	O
you	O
could	O
say	O
your	O
mac	O
could	O
become	O
your	O
best	O
friend	O
(	O
no	O
intention	O
of	O
replacing	O
Rover	O
your	O
dog	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
bad	O
experience	O
but	O
i	O
played	O
down	O
its	O
importance	O
.	O

Meets	O
my	O
needs	O
perfectly	O
and	O
is	O
light	O
enough	O
for	O
this	O
senior	O
to	O
carry	O
without	O
affecting	O
my	O
arthritis	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
nice	O
not	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
that	O
and	O
the	O
extra	O
expense	O
that	O
comes	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
necessary	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
on	O
PC	O
's	O
.	O

The	O
Notebook	O
PC	O
,	O
Toshiba	O
Qosmio	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
gift	O
my	O
father	O
could	O
have	O
ever	O
gotten	O
me	O
.	O

Three	O
weeks	O
after	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
netbook	O
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
quit	O
working	O
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	B-aspectTerm
16	I-aspectTerm
functions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
routed	O
through	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
currently	O
out	O
of	O
town	O
and	O
called	O
to	O
inform	O
them	O
the	O
broken	O
part	O
would	O
be	O
returned	O
when	O
I	O
got	O
back	O
in	O
town	O
.	O

Returned	O
laptop	O
for	O
a	O
4th	O
repair	O
and	O
it	O
came	O
back	O
but	O
now	O
would	O
lock	O
up	O
and	O
randomly	O
reboot	O
frequently	O
making	O
the	O
laptop	O
unusable	O
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
something	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
new	O
Intel	B-aspectTerm
Core	I-aspectTerm
processors	I-aspectTerm
and	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
so	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
hook	O
it	O
up	O
directly	O
to	O
our	O
TV	O
.	O

The	O
Apple	O
will	O
run	O
Internet	B-aspectTerm
Explorer	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
at	O
an	O
amazingly	O
slow	O
rate	O
.	O

With	O
today	O
's	O
company	O
fighting	O
over	O
marketshare	O
,	O
its	O
a	O
shame	O
that	O
ASUS	O
can	O
get	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
inept	O
staff	B-aspectTerm
answering	O
thephone	O
.	O

Other	O
than	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
one	O
complaint	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
!	O

The	O
computer	O
is	O
so	O
slow	O
,	O
even	O
after	O
paying	O
staples	O
the	O
extra	O
money	O
to	O
speed	O
it	O
up	O
.	O

I	O
feel	O
that	O
enough	O
people	O
have	O
Macs	O
these	O
days	O
and	O
that	O
companies	O
need	O
to	O
start	O
making	O
things	O
more	O
compatable	O
than	O
they	O
used	O
to	O
be	O
.	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
premium	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
little	O
much	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
you	O
start	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
it	O
is	O
worth	O
the	O
added	O
cash	O
.	O

*	O
5	O
weeks	O
after	O
giving	O
the	O
computer	O
for	O
repair*-Apple	O
offers	O
to	O
send	O
replacement	O
after	O
they	O
receive	O
the	O
old	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
say	O
enough	O
of	O
how	O
satisfied	O
I	O
am	O
with	O
their	O
product	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
help	I-aspectTerm
aftermarket	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
computer	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
in	O
the	O
school	O
compared	O
to	O
my	O
fellow	O
classmates	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
for	O
my	O
son	O
in	O
the	O
2nd	O
grade	O
.	O

This	O
has	O
happened	O
three	O
times	O
so	O
far	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
a	O
professional	O
consultant	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
client	O
needed	O
work	O
on	O
her	O
machine	O
.	O

compresses	O
itself	O
and	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
word	I-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
on	O
it	O
andI	O
had	O
to	O
buy	O
it	O
seperately	O
.	O

it	O
has	O
3	O
usb	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
,	O
1	O
sd	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
and	O
an	O
sd	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
car	I-aspectTerm
expansion	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Who	O
knows	O
what	O
will	O
happen	O
later	O
on	O
when	O
they	O
dismantle	O
the	O
whole	O
damn	O
thing	O
?	O
So	O
,	O
I	O
said	O
I	O
wanted	O
a	O
new	O
set	O
.	O

I	O
connect	O
a	O
LaCie	B-aspectTerm
2Big	I-aspectTerm
external	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
via	O
the	O
firewire	B-aspectTerm
800	I-aspectTerm
interface	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
useful	O
for	O
Time	B-aspectTerm
Machine	I-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
you	O
already	O
own	O
a	O
2009	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
or	O
early	O
2011	O
model	O
,	O
you	O
should	O
wait	O
until	O
the	O
next	O
update	O
.	O

My	O
Toshiba	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
on	O
everything	O
,	O
just	O
certain	O
things	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
overall	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
my	O
toshiba	O
satellite	O
,	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
extra	B-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
home	I-aspectTerm
premium	I-aspectTerm
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
must	O
say	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
a	O
happy	O
camper	O
.	O

-Called	O
MacHouse	O
Amsterdam	O
to	O
ask	O
for	O
a	O
temporary	O
replacement	O
,	O
no	O
answer	O
.	O

The	O
Aspire	O
wo	O
nt	O
even	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
past	O
the	O
Acer	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
with	O
a	O
Droid	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
both	O
Motorola	O
and	O
HTC	O
)	O
plugged	O
into	O
the	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
bought	O
it	O
during	O
the	O
recent	O
Comex	O
IT	O
show	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
was	O
shorter	O
than	O
expected	O
.	O

It	O
fires	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
morning	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
30	O
seconds	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
any	O
issues	O
with	O
it	O
freezing	O
.	O

It	O
does	O
nt	O
overheat	O
or	O
make	O
any	O
loud	O
noises	O
.	O

Look	O
up	O
recipes	O
and	O
keep	O
it	O
on	O
the	O
kitchen	O
counter	O
while	O
I	O
cook	O
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
top	O
notch	O
.	O

Do	O
you	O
think	O
the	O
shop	O
will	O
give	O
me	O
a	O
new	O
set	O
?	O
?	O
It	O
will	O
NOT	O
!	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
nothing	O
but	O
problems	O
since	O
the	O
day	O
I	O
took	O
it	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
!	O

My	O
Macbook	O
was	O
worth	O
(	O
after	O
3	O
years	O
of	O
use	O
!	O
)	O
$	O
375	O
.	O

It	O
drives	O
me	O
crazy	O
when	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
download	O
a	O
game	O
or	O
something	O
of	O
that	O
nature	O
and	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
play	O
it	O
because	O
its	O
not	O
compatable	O
with	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
online	B-aspectTerm
tutorial	I-aspectTerm
videos	I-aspectTerm
make	O
it	O
super	O
easy	O
to	O
learn	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
always	O
used	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

Bought	O
this	O
gateway	O
M-50	O
or	O
150	O
early	O
2007	O
.	O

The	O
image	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
soud	B-aspectTerm
is	O
excelent	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
more	O
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
or	O
shut	B-aspectTerm
down	I-aspectTerm
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	O
associated	O
with	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
just	O
pick	O
up	O
and	O
use--	B-aspectTerm
It	O
did	O
not	O
take	O
long	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
netbook	O
is	O
a	O
perfect	O
supplementary	O
computer	O
to	O
another	O
laptop	O
or	O
desktop	O
(	O
my	O
wife	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
another	O
laptop	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
a	O
user	O
who	O
uses	O
the	O
computer	O
for	O
simple	O
tasks	O
.	O

With	O
all	O
the	O
goodies	O
inside	O
this	O
machine	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
value	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
a	O
full	O
refund	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
money	O
it	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Very	O
good	O
investment	O
.	O

Upgrading	O
from	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
,	O
thru	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Home	I-aspectTerm
Premium	I-aspectTerm
,	O
to	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Professional	I-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
snap	O
;	O

This	O
computer	O
had	O
exactly	O
the	O
specifications	B-aspectTerm
I	O
needed	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
still	O
a	O
very	O
nice	O
machine	O
.	O

Where	O
you	O
click	O
and	O
hold	O
and	O
drag	O
it	O
picture	O
,	O
link	O
,	O
etc	O
to	O
where	O
you	O
want	O
it	O
.	O

My	O
kids	O
(	O
and	O
dogs	O
)	O
destroyed	O
two	O
power	B-aspectTerm
cords	I-aspectTerm
by	O
pulling	O
on	O
them	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
upgraded	O
my	O
old	O
MacBook	O
to	O
Lion	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
kind	O
of	O
knew	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
getting	O
,	O
but	O
had	O
n't	O
been	O
able	O
to	O
enjoy	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
awesome	O
new	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
this	O
computer	O
for	O
one	O
month	O
and	O
had	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
in	O
for	O
repair	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
little	O
glary	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
hated	O
the	O
clicking	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
got	O
used	O
to	O
them	O
.	O

Not	O
to	O
mention	O
,	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
absolutely	O
amazing	O
.	O

I	O
realize	O
that	O
not	O
every	O
unit	O
has	O
this	O
issue	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
ones	O
that	O
do	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
repaired	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
a	O
Mac	O
for	O
6	O
years	O
and	O
wo	O
n't	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
PC	O
.	O

i	O
love	O
to	O
use	O
it	O
it	O
is	O
esay	O
and	O
light	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
also	O
shuts	O
the	O
computer	O
down	O
for	O
no	O
reason	O
without	O
warning	O
.	O

not	O
using	O
wired	B-aspectTerm
lan	I-aspectTerm
not	O
sure	O
what	O
that	O
s	O
about	O
.	O

After	O
about	O
another	O
month	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
in	O
AGAIN	O
to	O
Acer	O
for	O
repairs	O
.	O

The	O
macbook	O
rarely	O
requires	O
a	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
reboot	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
LOVE	O
it	O
!	O

The	O
#	O
1	O
reason	O
that	O
is	O
always	O
repeated	O
.	O

Now	O
for	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
.	O

Unfortunately	O
,	O
that	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
case	O
.	O

Anyways	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
two	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
when	O
I	O
first	O
brought	O
it	O
home	O
it	O
kept	O
giving	O
me	O
a	O
message	O
about	O
a	O
vibration	O
in	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
is	O
putting	O
it	O
temporaly	O
in	O
save	O
zone	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
and	O
has	O
excellent	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
face	O
and	O
depanable	O
.	O

No	O
Viruses	O
!	O

I	O
'm	O
just	O
really	O
happy	O
that	O
I	O
waited	O
to	O
buy	O
,	O
because	O
this	O
thing	O
kicks	O
a$$	O
!	O

The	O
Hewitt	O
Packard	O
Pavillion	O
dv6700	O
was	O
my	O
first	O
laptop	O
,	O
before	O
this	O
I	O
had	O
a	O
Dell	O
desktop	O
that	O
I	O
loved	O
.	O

Apple	B-aspectTerm
care	I-aspectTerm
included	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
an	O
all	O
around	O
waste	O
of	O
money	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
worked	O
in	O
IT	O
retail	O
sales	O
before	O
.	O

Features	B-aspectTerm
like	O
the	O
font	B-aspectTerm
are	O
very	O
block	O
-	O
like	O
and	O
old	O
school	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
everything	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
job	O
done	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
loaded	O
with	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
is	O
of	O
no	O
good	O
for	O
the	O
average	O
user	O
,	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
run	B-aspectTerm
way	O
to	O
slow	O
.	O

I	O
feel	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
poorly	O
put	O
together	O
,	O
because	O
once	O
in	O
a	O
while	O
different	O
plastic	B-aspectTerm
pieces	I-aspectTerm
would	O
come	O
off	O
of	O
it	O
.	O

it	O
ca	O
nt	O
fuction	O
well	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
webpages	O
open	O
at	O
once	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
I	O
should	O
note	O
that	O
I	O
took	O
the	O
2	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
stick	I-aspectTerm
from	O
my	O
old	O
EeePC	O
and	O
installed	O
it	O
before	O
I	O
even	O
powered	O
on	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
has	O
left	O
me	O
with	O
a	O
HORRIBLE	O
taste	O
in	O
my	O
mouth	O
for	O
Acer	O
brand	O
products	O
.	O

its	O
not	O
bad	O
just	O
VERY	O
VERY	O
annoying	O
.	O

Well	O
,	O
maybe	O
more	O
like	O
week	O
one	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
rather	O
unsteady	O
on	O
its	O
feet	O
and	O
is	O
susceptible	O
to	O
many	O
bugs	O
.	O

After	O
sending	O
out	O
documents	O
via	O
email	O
and	O
having	O
recipients	O
tell	O
me	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
open	O
the	O
documents	O
or	O
they	O
came	O
through	O
as	O
gibberish	O
,	O
I	O
broke	O
down	O
and	O
spent	O
another	O
$	O
100	O
to	O
get	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Word	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
believe	O
I	O
purchased	O
this	O
in	O
Dec	O
09	O
for	O
my	O
primary	O
work	O
laptop	O
which	O
is	O
used	O
5	O
-	O
10	O
hours	O
a	O
day	O
,	O
4	O
-	O
6	O
days	O
a	O
week	O
.	O

DO	O
NOT	O
BUY	O
GATEWAY	O
COMPUTERS	O
THEY	O
ARE	O
JUNK	O
AND	O
THE	O
WARRANTY	B-aspectTerm
COMPANY	I-aspectTerm
IS	O
HORRIBLE	O
.	O

then	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
it	O
all	O
their	O
cusromer	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
is	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
east	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
bad	O
part	O
is	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
/	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
little	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
that	O
it	O
did	O
have	O
would	O
only	O
last	O
about	O
an	O
hour	O
while	O
just	O
having	O
it	O
on	O
the	O
desktop	O
.	O

I	O
liked	O
the	O
aluminum	B-aspectTerm
body	I-aspectTerm
.	O

also	O
it	O
is	O
light	O
weight	O
compared	O
to	O
others	O
.	O

Its	O
good	O
for	O
playing	B-aspectTerm
my	O
apps	O
on	O
Facebook	O
or	O
watching	B-aspectTerm
movies	I-aspectTerm
.	O

From	O
the	O
build	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
to	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
everything	O
about	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
sub	O
-	O
par	O
from	O
what	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
expected	O
from	O
Apple	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
dock	B-aspectTerm
where	O
I	O
can	O
simply	O
drop	O
a	O
file	O
ontop	O
of	O
a	O
particular	O
program	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
the	O
program	B-aspectTerm
will	O
simply	O
open	O
that	O
file	O
.	O

Sorry	O
,	O
newegg	O
.	O

Be	O
safe	O
buy	O
a	O
Sony	O
.	O

pretty	O
much	O
everything	O
else	O
about	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
good	O
it	O
just	O
stops	O
working	B-aspectTerm
out	O
of	O
no	O
were	O
.	O

Originally	O
bought	O
it	O
for	O
my	O
wife	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
truly	O
a	O
great	O
computer	O
costing	B-aspectTerm
less	O
than	O
one	O
thousand	O
bucks	O
before	O
tax	O
.	O

Waiting	O
for	O
the	O
i7	B-aspectTerm
was	O
well	O
worth	O
it	O
,	O
great	O
value	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
on	O
Saturday	O
and	O
am	O
completely	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
it	O
!	O

I	O
asked	O
how	O
they	O
would	O
determine	O
that	O
since	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
scratches	O
,	O
dents	O
or	O
other	O
signs	O
of	O
damage	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
was	O
the	O
only	O
way	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
damage	O
could	O
happen	O
.	O

Now,,,,,my	O
monitor	B-aspectTerm
has	O
been	O
acting	O
up	O
for	O
about	O
2	O
months	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
problem	O
.	O

Boots	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
fast	O
and	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
great	O
!	O

Lightweight	O
and	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
beautiful	O
!	O

Buy	O
it	O
,	O
love	O
it	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
promise	O
you	O
wo	O
n't	O
regret	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
needed	O
a	O
driver	B-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
HP	O
and	O
they	O
would	O
not	O
help	O
me	O
with	O
out	O
me	O
paying	O
over	O
$	O
50	O
for	O
it	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
like	O
fingerprints	O
,	O
this	O
might	O
not	O
be	O
the	O
laptop	O
for	O
you	O
.	O

Call	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
,	O
standard	O
email	O
the	O
form	O
and	O
fax	O
it	O
back	O
in	O
to	O
us	O
.	O

Just	O
a	O
month	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
or	O
two	O
months	O
ago	O
,	O
my	O
VAIO	O
crashed	O
again	O
.	O

They	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
with	O
a	O
huge	O
crack	O
in	O
it	O
and	O
it	O
still	O
did	O
n't	O
work	B-aspectTerm
.	O

A	O
coupla	O
months	O
later	O
,	O
they	O
change	O
my	O
hard	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

I	O
did	O
contact	O
HP	O
and	O
share	O
how	O
unhappy	O
I	O
am	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
arrived	O
in	O
a	O
nice	O
twin	B-aspectTerm
packing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
sealed	O
in	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
functions	B-aspectTerm
works	O
great	O
.	O

The	O
13	O
"	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
is	O
portable	O
,	O
durable	O
,	O
and	O
very	O
capable	O
.	O

I	O
should	O
have	O
spent	O
an	O
extra	O
hundred	O
bucks	O
and	O
got	O
a	O
full	O
sized	O
computer	O
.	O

Great	O
overall	O
.	O

My	O
smart	O
phone	O
is	O
faster	O
!	O

They	O
say	O
sorry	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
full	O
control	O
at	O
all	O
times	O
of	O
what	O
is	O
going	O
on	O
-	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
control+alt+delete	O
business	O
anymore	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
to	O
price	B-aspectTerm
ratio	O
.	O

PC	O
never	O
worked	O
right	O
even	O
after	O
BIOS	B-aspectTerm
fixed	O
.	O

After	O
having	O
two	O
PC	O
laptops	O
die	O
with	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
3	O
years	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
Apple	O
display	O
at	O
Best	O
Buy	O
by	O
the	O
sleek	O
design	B-aspectTerm
and	O
promise	O
of	O
less	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
issues	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
a	O
laptop	O
as	O
my	O
regular	O
computer	O
,	O
but	O
found	O
that	O
disconnecting	O
it	O
and	O
lugging	O
it	O
around	O
was	O
a	O
drag	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
second	O
MacBook	O
.	O

The	O
size	B-aspectTerm
is	O
perfect	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
not	O
recomend	O
anything	O
bigger	O
except	O
for	O
any	O
person	O
who	O
can	O
exceed	O
the	O
limited	O
space	B-aspectTerm
it	O
gives	O
you	O
.	O

The	O
service	B-aspectTerm
I	O
received	O
from	O
Toshiba	O
went	O
above	O
and	O
beyond	O
the	O
call	O
of	O
duty	O
.	O

Have	O
had	O
many	O
higher	O
priced	B-aspectTerm
computers	O
crash	O
and	O
burn	O
long	O
before	O
ever	O
got	O
to	O
use	O
all	O
that	O
great	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
and	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
it	O
just	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
speed	I-aspectTerm
probably	O
because	O
that	O
s	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
i	O
really	O
care	O
about	O
.	O

I	O
own	O
other	O
Macs	O
but	O
always	O
find	O
myself	O
navigation	O
to	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
to	O
get	O
my	O
work	O
done	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
several	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
for	O
school	B-aspectTerm
or	I-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
use	I-aspectTerm
(	O
Pages	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Numbers	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Keynote	B-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
,	O
music	B-aspectTerm
(	O
Garageband	B-aspectTerm
)	O
,	O
photo	B-aspectTerm
management	I-aspectTerm
(	O
Photo	B-aspectTerm
Booth	I-aspectTerm
,	O
iPhoto	B-aspectTerm
)	O
,	O
video	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
or	O
movie	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
making	I-aspectTerm
(	O
iMovie	B-aspectTerm
)	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
3rd	O
Apple	O
Laptop	O
and	O
first	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
this	O
laptop	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
now	O
and	O
i	O
would	O
say	O
i	O
m	O
pretty	O
satisfied	O
.	O

The	O
love	O
part	O
of	O
my	O
relationship	O
with	O
this	O
laptop	O
does	O
n't	O
take	O
very	O
long	O
.	O

Not	O
enough	O
time	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
give	O
it	O
5	O
stars	O
!	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
shows	O
great	O
colors	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Reason	O
why	O
?	O
It	O
's	O
because	O
when	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
,	O
you	O
know	O
first	O
thing	O
that	O
you	O
will	O
not	O
lose	O
any	O
value	B-aspectTerm
for	O
that	O
laptop	O
,	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
will	O
stay	O
the	O
same	O
for	O
the	O
next	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
even	O
if	O
Apple	O
does	O
decides	O
to	O
change	O
mode	O
,	O
your	O
laptop	O
value	B-aspectTerm
will	O
only	O
drop	O
10	O
-	O
20	O
%	O
,	O
unlike	O
PC	O
laptops	O
which	O
drop	O
more	O
than	O
80	O
%	O
.	O

That	O
's	O
a	O
huge	O
difference	O
.	O

Dells	O
are	O
ok	O
,	O
HPs	O
are	O
n't	O
that	O
good	O
,	O
but	O
Macs	O
or	O
Fantastic	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
buyers	O
beware	O
!	O

I	O
am	O
totally	O
satisfied	O
with	O
my	O
little	O
toshie	O
!	O

I	O
have	O
no	O
idea	O
how	O
to	O
burn	B-aspectTerm
cd	I-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
or	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
web	B-aspectTerm
cam	I-aspectTerm
,	O
just	O
for	O
starters	O
.	O

Again	O
,	O
I	O
sent	O
it	O
off	O
to	O
Acer	O
,	O
by	O
this	O
time	O
they	O
were	O
paying	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
to	O
them	O
and	O
everything	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
still	O
inconvienent	O
because	O
of	O
my	O
classes	O
and	O
my	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
.	O

DEFINITELY	O
recommended	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
extremely	O
user	O
friendly	O
and	O
intuitive	O
.	O

Let	O
me	O
start	O
with	O
the	O
good	O
:	O
So	O
awesome	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
finally	O
reached	O
my	O
limit	O
and	O
broke	O
down	O
.	O

The	O
17	B-aspectTerm
inch	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
large	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
very	O
light	O
.	O

My	O
opinion	O
of	O
Sony	O
has	O
been	O
dropping	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
the	O
stock	O
market	O
,	O
given	O
their	O
horrible	O
support	O
,	B-aspectTerm
but	O
this	O
machine	O
just	O
caused	O
another	O
plunge	O
.	O

Do	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
computer	O
?	O
Well	O
,	O
other	O
than	O
not	O
getting	O
viruses	O
,	O
I	O
guess	O
it	O
is	O
OK	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
to	O
work	O
properly	O
,	O
you	O
must	O
install	O
the	O
Launch	B-aspectTerm
Manager	I-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
Drivers	B-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
Applications	I-aspectTerm
DVD	I-aspectTerm
,	O
or	O
it	O
will	O
not	O
show	O
after	O
the	O
reload	O
.	O

I	O
waited	O
and	O
waited	O
and	O
no	O
laptop	O
.	O

Everything	O
is	O
falling	O
apart	O
internally	O
and	O
externally	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
liked	O
the	O
glass	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
switchable	B-aspectTerm
graphic	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
is	O
pretty	O
sweet	O
when	O
you	O
want	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
laptop	O
.	O

It	O
super	O
shiny	O
,	O
so	O
you	O
can	O
see	O
the	O
fingerprints	O
easily	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
wear	O
-	O
and	O
-	O
tear	O
issue	O
,	O
not	O
due	O
to	O
user	O
carelessness	O
and	O
most	O
importantly	O
,	O
they	O
CAN'T	O
guarantee	O
the	O
problem	O
will	O
be	O
solved	O
if	O
it	O
is	O
sent	O
for	O
service	B-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
accept	O
the	O
outcome	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
has	O
not	O
decreased	O
since	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
,	O
so	O
i	O
'm	O
thrilled	O
with	O
that	O
.	O

Its	O
a	O
dog	O
plain	O
and	O
simple	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
called	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
they	O
would	O
not	O
do	O
anything	O
and	O
even	O
tried	O
to	O
charge	O
me	O
$	O
35	O
for	O
the	O
phone	O
call	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
offer	O
any	O
technical	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
HP	O
is	O
very	O
heavy	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
notebook	O
and	O
only	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
3	O
months	O
If	O
it	O
is	O
overload	O
with	O
updates	O
the	O
BOOT	B-aspectTerm
MGR	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Oh	O
and	O
if	O
that	O
s	O
not	O
bad	O
enough	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
come	O
with	O
a	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
cd	I-aspectTerm
so	O
you	O
can	O
make	O
one	O
if	O
you	O
know	O
how	O
to	O
or	O
buy	O
one	O
if	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
the	O
cost	O
is	O
$	O
25	O
for	O
two	O
cds	O
.	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
features	B-aspectTerm
more	O
than	O
met	O
my	O
needs	O
.	O

They	O
refuse	O
.	O

big	O
mistake	O
!	O

Best	O
Buy	O
was	O
great	O
as	O
always	O
and	O
accepted	O
the	O
return	O
and	O
gave	O
me	O
another	O
model	O
1764	O
.	O

and	O
dell	O
and	O
best	O
buy	O
both	O
refused	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
back	O
after	O
i	O
only	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
1	O
hour	O
....	O

My	O
friends	O
or	O
children	O
use	O
that	O
when	O
they	O
need	O
to	O
borrow	O
the	O
Net	O
=)	O
When	O
I	O
out	O
grow	O
this	O
Meaning	O
when	O
its	O
old	O
and	O
my	O
oldest	O
child	O
is	O
ready	O
for	O
one	O
she	O
will	O
get	O
this	O
one	O
ANd	O
I	O
will	O
be	O
buying	O
only	O
TOSHIBA	O
!	O

First	O
of	O
all	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
Dell	O
fan	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
fifteen	O
years	O
.	O

GREAT	O
INVESTMENT	O
!	O

I	O
am	O
just	O
amazed	O
.	O

I	O
burned	O
my	O
leg	O
,	O
after	O
lifting	O
it	O
from	O
my	O
desk	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
less	O
than	O
5	O
second	O
putting	O
it	O
on	O
my	O
lap	O
to	O
clean	O
my	O
coffee	O
table	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
can	O
place	O
it	O
there	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
all	O
my	O
problems	O
would	O
finally	O
be	O
solved	O
being	O
that	O
my	O
old	O
computer	O
would	O
n't	O
go	O
onto	O
our	O
wireless	O
network	O
and	O
I	O
would	O
n't	O
have	O
the	O
same	O
problems	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
updated	O
.	O

Skype	B-aspectTerm
is	O
just	O
so	O
dang	O
cool	O
with	O
this	O
machine	O
too	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
buy	O
this	O
lap	O
top	O
over	O
and	O
over	O
again	O
!	O

the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
are	O
hard	O
to	O
push	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
actually	O
get	O
work	O
done	O
with	O
this	O
MAC	O
,	O
and	O
not	O
fight	O
with	O
it	O
like	O
my	O
tired	O
old	O
PC	O
laptop	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
HDD	B-aspectTerm
secures	O
inside	O
using	O
rails	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
only	O
one	O
set	O
on	O
the	O
main	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
you	O
're	O
not	O
wanting	O
to	O
be	O
mobile	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
good	O
laptop	O
to	O
sit	O
on	O
a	O
desk	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
travel	O
with	O
it	O
and	O
it	O
never	O
gives	O
me	O
any	O
problems	O
.	O

Just	O
do	O
n't	O
waste	O
your	O
time	O
and	O
money	O
on	O
this	O
.	O

All	O
I	O
will	O
say	O
now	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
over	O
two	O
grand	O
less	O
expensive	O
and	O
so	O
much	O
better	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
than	O
my	O
hunk	O
of	O
crap	O
Vaio	O
.	O

(	O
Beware	O
,	O
their	O
staff	B-aspectTerm
could	O
send	O
you	O
back	O
making	O
you	O
feel	O
that	O
only	O
they	O
know	O
what	O
a	O
computer	O
is	O
.	O

And	O
I	O
'm	O
still	O
paying	O
the	O
bloody	O
financing	O
,	O
for	O
a	O
product	O
which	O
did	O
n't	O
last	O
me	O
at	O
least	O
three	O
years	O
!	O

Games	B-aspectTerm
being	O
the	O
main	O
issue	O
.	O

No	O
problems	O
,	O
no	O
lock	O
ups	O
,	O
no	O
disappointments	O
.	O

While	O
the	O
computer	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
set	O
up	O
in	O
a	O
common	O
sense	O
way	O
rather	O
than	O
in	O
geek	O
-	O
speak	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
certain	O
quirks	O
that	O
can	O
drive	O
you	O
crazy	O
trying	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
PC	O
world	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
definitely	O
sold	O
,	O
and	O
not	O
going	O
back	O
to	O
PCs	O
for	O
home	O
use	O
!	O

I	O
have	O
a	O
lapdesk	O
which	O
I	O
can	O
use	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
can	O
still	O
feel	O
the	O
heat	O
through	O
the	O
foam	O
and	O
plastic	O
.	O

and	O
its	O
really	O
cheap	O
and	O
you	O
wo	O
nt	O
regret	O
buying	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
over	O
rated	O
!	O

I	O
do	O
nt	O
understand	O
how	O
anyone	O
can	O
think	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
product	O
worth	O
purchasing	O
.	O

My	O
sister	O
has	O
the	O
same	O
Mac	O
as	O
me	O
and	O
she	O
is	O
in	O
a	O
band	O
and	O
uses	O
GarageBand	B-aspectTerm
to	O
record	O
and	O
edit	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
n't	O
really	O
sure	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
spend	O
that	O
kind	O
of	O
money	O
!	O

Other	O
Thoughts	O
:	O
Do	O
not	O
purchase	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

They	O
say	O
that	O
this	O
will	O
invalidate	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
(	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
really	O
understand	O
why	O
but	O
anyway	O
)	O
.	O

and	O
looks	O
very	O
sexyy	O
:	O
D	O
really	O
the	O
mac	O
book	O
pro	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
laptop	O
specially	O
for	O
students	O
in	O
college	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
not	O
caring	O
about	O
price	O
.	B-aspectTerm

I	O
took	O
the	O
computer	O
back	O
in	O
yet	O
again	O
except	O
this	O
time	O
they	O
kept	O
it	O
to	O
send	O
into	O
their	O
Geek	O
Squad	O
headquarters	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
laptop	O
and	O
I	O
would	O
recommend	O
it	O
to	O
anyone	O
.	O

Thank	O
God	O
for	O
"	O
ctrl	O
Z"Bottom	O
line	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
been	O
using	O
laptops	O
since	O
the	O
mid	O
90s	O
and	O
probably	O
the	O
majority	O
of	O
brands	O
out	O
there	O
.	O

They	O
definitely	O
have	O
a	O
superior	O
product	O
!	O

A	O
great	O
computer	O
for	O
light	O
home	B-aspectTerm
use	I-aspectTerm
and	O
business	B-aspectTerm
use	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Bought	O
it	O
to	O
use	O
mostly	O
for	O
oline	O
classes	O
.	O

Even	O
with	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
always	O
turned	O
off	O
when	O
updates	B-aspectTerm
were	O
needed	O
and	O
installed	O
.	O

Also	O
consider	O
the	O
MS	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
apps	I-aspectTerm
are	O
all	O
trial	O
versions	O
,	O
hope	O
you	O
have	O
your	O
own	O
copies	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
wonderful	O
,	O
but	O
very	O
dangerous	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
emitting	O
heat	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
was	O
awful	O
!	O

Heck	O
,	O
if	O
I	O
had	O
enough	O
'	O
money	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
but	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
gift	O
for	O
someone	O
.	O

Even	O
so	O
,	O
I	O
like	O
playing	O
online	O
games	B-aspectTerm
,	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
wonderful	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
where	O
I	O
can	O
dualboot	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
amazingly	O
long	O
at	O
7hrs	O
and	O
5hrs	O
if	O
you	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

My	O
previous	O
purchases	O
were	O
with	O
Dell	O
and	O
HP	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
not	O
have	O
any	O
problems	O
.	O

I	O
purchased	O
an	O
HP	O
right	O
after	O
my	O
high	O
school	O
graduation	O
.	O

Me	O
and	O
my	O
boyfriend	O
bought	O
the	O
Gateway	O
NV78	O
in	O
nov	O
of	O
09	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
very	O
user	O
friendly	O
and	O
not	O
hard	O
to	O
figure	O
out	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

lightweight	O
,	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
,	O
excellent	O
transition	O
from	O
PC	O
;	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
another	O
driving	O
influence	O
that	O
made	O
me	O
purchase	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

The	O
Nortons	B-aspectTerm
virus	I-aspectTerm
scan	I-aspectTerm
is	O
only	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
short	O
time	O
unlike	O
others	O
that	O
usually	O
are	O
good	O
for	O
a	O
year	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
stamped	O
and	O
not	O
in	O
pieces	O
therefore	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
stronger	O
more	O
resilient	O
frame	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
first	O
time	O
Mac	O
Buyer	O
and	O
am	O
amazed	O
at	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
the	O
Mac	O
offers	O
.	O

Two	O
,	O
owning	O
a	O
17	O
in.mac	O
book	O
gives	O
the	O
flexibility	O
to	O
sit	O
anywhere	O
you	O
want	O
without	O
worry	O
about	O
bother	O
anyone	O
.	O

Sent	O
unit	O
back	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
been	O
two	O
months	O
.	O

Came	O
fully	O
loaded	B-aspectTerm
-	O
good	O
.	O

I	O
noticed	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
has	O
a	O
new	O
system	O
called	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
,	O
what	O
about	O
us	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
users	O
?	O
They	O
should	O
get	O
all	O
the	O
bugs	O
out	O
of	O
Vista	O
before	O
investing	O
in	O
a	O
new	O
system	O
.	O

When	O
we	O
bought	O
our	O
new	O
HP	O
comouter	O
in	O
Dec.	O
of	O
2008	O
,	O
we	O
wanted	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
were	O
told	O
it	O
would	O
cost	O
an	O
extra	O
$	O
159	O
,	O
so	O
we	O
went	O
with	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	O

(	O
I	O
definatly	O
ca	O
n't	O
)	O
.	O

Files	O
as	O
well	O
would	O
become	O
lost	O
,	O
deleted	O
or	O
corrupted	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
meant	O
to	O
be	O
PORTABLE	O
.	O

My	O
laptop	O
worked	O
again	O
for	O
just	O
a	O
while	O
before	O
I	O
started	O
having	O
issues	O
AGAIN	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
perfect	O
for	O
her	O
field	O
.	O

taking	O
it	O
back	O
less	O
than	O
24	O
hours	O
of	O
purchase	O

That	O
's	O
the	O
downside	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
,	O
is	O
the	O
key	B-aspectTerm
broad	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
little	O
dark	O
to	O
see	O
the	O
letters	O
,	O
would	O
help	O
if	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
little	O
lighter	O
then	O
it	O
is	O
.	O

Hopefully	O
Amazon	O
will	O
take	O
this	O
back	O
.	O

They	O
ended	O
up	O
keeping	O
my	O
computer	O
for	O
almost	O
3	O
months	O
!	O

I	O
'm	O
still	O
within	O
the	O
one	O
year	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
but	O
the	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
depot	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
has	O
deemed	O
that	O
this	O
time	O
it	O
was	O
caused	O
by	O
physical	O
abuse	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
covered	O
.	O

But	O
I	O
needed	O
a	O
laptop	O
for	O
school	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

he	O
ca	O
n't	O
stand	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
was	O
delivered	O
as	O
promised	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
complete	O
opposite	O
to	O
an	O
ergonomic	O
design	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
would	O
like	O
at	O
least	O
a	O
4	O
hr	O
.	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
like	O
about	O
my	O
mac	O
is	O
that	O
sometimes	O
there	O
are	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
run	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
.	O

Looking	O
online	O
,	O
many	O
people	O
are	O
having	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
.	O

Wireless	B-aspectTerm
has	O
not	O
been	O
a	O
issue	O
for	O
me	O
,	O
like	O
some	O
others	O
have	O
meantioned	O
.	O

THIS	O
IS	O
MY	O
SECOND	O
MAC	O
BOOK	O
PRO	O
.	O

MacBook	O
Notebooks	O
quickly	O
die	O
out	O
because	O
of	O
their	O
short	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
many	O
background	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
run	O
without	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
knowlede	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
things	O
you	O
can	O
do	O
with	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
make	O
navigating	B-aspectTerm
around	O
the	O
computer	O
and	O
its	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
so	O
much	O
simpler	O
,	O
quicker	O
,	O
and	O
easier	O
.	O

I	O
guess	O
the	O
only	O
good	O
thing	O
that	O
came	O
out	O
of	O
these	O
were	O
the	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
subwoofer	B-aspectTerm
.	O

There	O
s	O
a	O
built	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
camera	I-aspectTerm
with	O
special	O
effects-	O
for	O
video	O
and	O
photography	O
.	O

All	O
for	O
such	O
a	O
great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
went	O
right	O
out	O
and	O
purchased	O
another	O
laptop	O
.	O

Long	O
story	O
short	O
,	O
since	O
I	O
experience	O
so	O
many	O
problems	O
with	O
my	O
laptop	O
every	O
since	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
from	O
day	O
one	O
,	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
ask	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
or	O
a	O
refund	O
of	O
what	O
I	O
pay	O
for	O
a	O
crapy	O
laptop	O
,	O
but	O
just	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
my	O
laptop	O
warranty	O
for	B-aspectTerm
another	O
year	O
,	O
they	O
made	O
a	O
big	O
deal	O
of	O
out	O
that	O
and	O
after	O
so	O
many	O
calls	O
and	O
complaints	O
about	O
their	O
products	O
and	O
services	O
,	O
they	O
finally	O
gave	O
in	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
able	O
to	O
play	O
720p	O
and	O
1080p	O
media	O
files	O
just	O
fine	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
already	O
own	O
an	O
iPhone	O
,	O
and	O
so	O
the	O
move	O
just	O
made	O
more	O
sense	O
.	O

So	O
think	O
about	O
factoring	O
those	O
things	O
in	O
when	O
you	O
purchase	O
.	O

Took	O
the	O
netbook	O
on	O
a	O
vacation	O
trip	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
whatever	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
do	O
without	O
lugging	O
a	O
much	O
heavier	O
laptop	O
.	O

Everything	O
was	O
up	O
and	O
running	O
within	O
15	O
minutes	O
of	O
unboxing	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
gets	O
very	O
hot	O
,	O
before	O
shutting	O
down	O
.	O

Another	O
thing	O
is	O
that	O
after	O
only	O
a	O
month	O
the	O
left	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
broke	O
and	O
it	O
costed	B-aspectTerm
$	O
175	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
in	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

Went	O
silently	O
.	O

Satisfy	O
what	O
I	O
paid	O
for	O
it	O
.	O

IT	O
IS	O
TRASH	O
!	O

It	O
has	O
good	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
and	O
plenty	O
of	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
space	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Clear	O
picture	B-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
and	O
everything	O
.	O

Overall	O
though	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
money	O
spent	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
.	O

So	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
get	O
frustrated	O
the	O
first	O
few	O
weeks	O
.	O

They	O
said	O
that	O
my	O
computer	O
was	O
covered	O
on	O
an	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
that	O
products	O
with	O
extended	O
warranties	B-aspectTerm
are	O
taken	O
care	O
of	O
through	O
third	O
parties	O
and	O
not	O
Sony	O
itself	O
anymore	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
useable	O
and	O
responsive	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
truly	O
a	O
Desktop	O
Replacement	O
.	O

I	O
only	O
used	O
it	O
to	O
browse	O
the	O
internet	O
and	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
nt	O
know	O
how	O
many	O
times	O
it	O
has	O
spontaniously	O
shut	O
down	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
just	O
a	O
blank	O
screen	O
now	O
.	O

A	O
little	O
pricey	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
well	O
,	O
well	O
worth	O
it	O
.	O

Very	O
long	O
-	O
life	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
(	O
up	O
to	O
10	O
-	O
11	O
hours	O
depending	O
on	O
how	O
you	O
configure	O
power	O
level	O
settings	O
)	O
.	O

Screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
awesome	O
,	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
good	O
.	O

The	O
black	O
model	O
also	O
has	O
a	O
very	O
nice	O
seamless	O
appearance	B-aspectTerm
-	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
better	O
looking	O
notebooks	O
I	O
've	O
seen	O
.	O

In	O
my	O
opinion	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
as	O
user	O
friendly	O
as	O
I	O
expected	O
either	O
.	O

The	O
technical	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
dell	I-aspectTerm
is	O
so	O
3rd	O
world	O
it	O
might	O
as	O
well	O
not	O
even	O
bother	O
.	O

The	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
were	O
awful	O
and	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
even	O
worth	O
the	O
cheap	O
payment	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O

and	O
if	O
u	O
did	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
15	O
for	O
about	O
three	O
weeks	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
really	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
computer	O
.	O

They	O
gave	O
me	O
a	O
hard	O
time	O
yet	O
again	O
,	O
but	O
their	O
was	O
a	O
malfunction	O
in	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
itself	O
,	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
die	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
definelty	O
a	O
smart	O
move	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
excited	O
to	O
learn	O
more	O
about	O
what	O
this	O
powerful	O
machine	O
has	O
to	O
offer	O
and	O
encourage	O
others	O
to	O
do	O
the	O
same	O
.	O

Apparently	O
they	O
are	O
defective	O
since	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
securely	O
attached	O
.	O

but	O
other	O
then	O
that	O
I	O
would	O
give	O
this	O
product	O
a	O
4	O
in	O
hafe	O
stars	O
.	O

Sure	O
hope	O
Best	O
Buy	O
will	O
replace	O
it	O
asap	O
.	O

I	O
babyed	O
the	O
heck	O
out	O
of	O
it	O
and	O
i	O
still	O
do	O
.	O

Handles	O
all	O
my	O
basic	O
media	O
needs	O
easily	O
.	O

Just	O
what	O
the	O
doctor	O
ordered	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
feel	O
comfortable	O
doing	O
it	O
yourself	O
,	O
just	O
buy	O
the	O
case	B-aspectTerm
and	O
be	O
happy	O
,	O
plus	O
it	O
looks	O
nice	O
,	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
white	O
one	O
from	O
Best	O
Buy	O
.	O

The	O
reaction	O
of	O
Toshiba	O
is	O
there	O
is	O
nothing	O
you	O
can	O
do	O
about	O
it	O
so	O
just	O
sit	O
back	O
and	O
except	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
are	O
powerless	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
mind	O
over	O
matter	O
.	O

you	O
can	O
find	O
many	O
laptops	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
and	O
even	O
better	O
with	O
lower	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
you	O
can	O
not	O
find	O
the	O
look	B-aspectTerm
,	O
easy	O
,	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
the	O
experience	O
in	O
mac	O
.	O

Excellent	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
for	O
processing	O
data	O
.	O

All	O
in	O
all	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
incredibly	O
dissatisfied	O
with	O
this	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
HP	O
as	O
a	O
whole	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
not	O
happy	O
at	O
all	O
with	O
the	O
product	O
I	O
purchased	O
.	O

When	O
you	O
call	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
you	O
were	O
routed	O
to	O
someone	O
who	O
was	O
in	O
another	O
country	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
know	O
what	O
they	O
were	O
doing	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
come	O
into	O
good	O
use	B-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
finances	O
,	O
scheduling	O
,	O
my	O
parents	O
business	O
expenses	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
definitely	O
amazing	O
for	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
taught	O
to	O
use	O
Photoshop	B-aspectTerm
and	O
was	O
amazed	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
A	O
MAC	O
!	O
!	O

It	O
was	O
weird	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
hardly	O
wait	O
to	O
see	O
what	O
s	O
around	O
the	O
next	O
corner	O
.	O

the	O
apple	O
pro	O
notebook	O
will	O
not	O
let	O
you	O
down	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
a	O
review	O
on	O
it	O
,	O
its	O
awesome	O
.	O

Before	O
we	O
got	O
this	O
laptop	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
compaq	O
pasaro	O
for	O
5	O
years	O
with	O
no	O
problems	O
.	O

I	O
tried	O
out	O
another	O
Mac	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
before	O
buying	O
this	O
one	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
machine	O
.	O

Somehow	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
clock	I-aspectTerm
got	O
messed	O
up	O
after	O
reboot	O
.	O

the	O
only	O
problem	O
is	O
that	O
i	O
had	O
to	O
add	O
1	O
gb	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
computer	O
was	O
kinda	O
slow	O
.	O

With	O
the	O
macbook	O
pro	O
it	O
comes	O
with	O
freesecuritysoftware	O
to	O
protect	O
it	O
from	O
viruses	O
and	O
other	O
intrusive	O
things	O
from	O
downloads	O
and	O
internet	O
surfing	O
or	O
emails	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
could	O
have	O
been	O
shipped	O
by	O
Priority	O
Mail	O
through	O
the	O
USPS	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
cost	O
and	O
arrived	O
by	O
Noon	O
on	O
Tue	O
.	O

I	O
visited	O
the	O
Apple	O
Store	O
and	O
was	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
17-inch	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

The	O
driver	B-aspectTerm
updates	I-aspectTerm
do	O
n't	O
fix	O
the	O
issue	O
,	O
very	O
frustrating	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
never	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Do	O
your	O
research	O
on	O
this	O
issue	O
.	O

Looking	O
to	O
take	O
my	O
video	O
and	O
photo	O
editing	O
to	O
the	O
next	O
level	O
,	O
I	O
decided	O
to	O
purchase	O
the	O
MBP	O
15	O
in	O
Intel	O
Core	O
i5	O
after	O
reading	O
consumer	O
reviews	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
professional	O
reviews	O
of	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

It	O
does	O
nt	O
work	B-aspectTerm
worth	O
a	O
damn	O
.	O

HP	O
Pavilion	O
DV9000	O
Notebook	O
PC	O
When	O
I	O
first	O
got	O
this	O
computer	O
,	O
it	O
really	O
rocked	O
.	O

It	O
works	B-aspectTerm
really	O
well	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
happened	O
again	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
being	O
told	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
$	O
175	O
.	O

Bigger	O
HD	B-aspectTerm
,	O
better	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
a	O
bid	O
HD	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Lord	O
HAVE	O
MERCY	O
!	O

The	O
built	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
camera	I-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
useful	O
when	O
chatting	O
with	O
other	O
techs	O
in	O
remote	O
buildings	O
on	O
our	O
campus	O
.	O

No	O
big	O
deal	O
.	O

Mine	O
came	O
at	O
$	O
1,700	O
w/o	O
a	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
burner	I-aspectTerm
(	O
!	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
burner	I-aspectTerm
broke	O
after	O
burning	O
3	O
DVD'd	O
during	O
that	O
time	O
!	O

It	O
works	B-aspectTerm
fine	O
with	O
our	O
wireless	O
and	O
they	O
've	O
had	O
not	O
problems	O
.	O

But	O
you	O
must	O
get	O
the	O
15	B-aspectTerm
inch	I-aspectTerm
.	O

i	O
will	O
be	O
returning	O
it	O
and	O
switching	O
brands	O
when	O
i	O
get	O
to	O
best	O
buy	O
.	O

Product	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
very	O
poor	O
as	O
each	O
phone	O
call	O
costs	O
me	O
long	O
distan	O

Overall	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
perfect	O
,	O
great	O
computer	O
,	O
my	O
daughter	O
loves	O
.	O

The	O
casing	O
of	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
cord	I-aspectTerm
fried	I-aspectTerm
and	O
shocked	O
my	O
husband	O
when	O
he	O
pulled	O
it	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
socket	O
.	O

It	O
does	O
not	O
keep	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
signals	I-aspectTerm
no	O
matter	O
where	O
you	O
bring	O
it	O
.	O

apple	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
computer	O
companies	O
in	O
the	O
country	O
.	O

PLEASE	O
MAKE	O
THESE	O
!	O

Frustrated	O
I	O
hung	O
up	O
and	O
tried	O
to	O
call	O
back	O
3	O
days	O
later	O
to	O
be	O
told	O
that	O
it	O
takes	O
2	O
-	O
3	O
days	O
for	O
turnaround	O
time	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
first	O
few	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
computer	O
started	O
crashing	O
about	O
every	O
week	O
.	O

My	O
son	O
and	O
his	O
family	O
have	O
a	O
hard	O
time	O
financially	O
because	O
he	O
is	O
self	O
-	O
employed	O
so	O
the	O
family	O
had	O
no	O
computer	O
of	O
any	O
kind	O
,	O
and	O
kyle	O
the	O
oldest	O
child	O
is	O
12	O
and	O
really	O
need	O
something	O
to	O
help	O
him	O
in	O
school	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
great	O
product	O
for	O
a	O
great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Again	O
,	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
,	O
the	O
right	B-aspectTerm
speaker	I-aspectTerm
did	O
not	O
work	O
.	O

But	O
see	O
the	O
macbook	O
pro	O
is	O
different	O
because	O
it	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
huge	O
price	B-aspectTerm
tag	I-aspectTerm
but	O
it	O
comes	O
with	O
the	O
full	O
software	B-aspectTerm
that	O
you	O
would	O
actually	O
need	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
it	O
has	O
free	O
future	O
updates	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Before	O
i	O
bought	O
my	O
new	O
i5	O
,	O
I	O
did	O
my	O
research	O
for	O
about	O
2	O
weeks	O
and	O
determined	O
to	O
move	O
for	O
HP	O
to	O
Apple	O
for	O
reliability	O
,	O
dependable	O
,	O
and	O
long	O
lasting	O
operations	O
.	O

Dell	O
wanted	O
to	O
charge	O
us	O
for	O
everything	O
everytime	O
I	O
called	O
them	O
with	O
a	O
problem	O
.	O

THIS	O
HAS	O
BEEN	O
NOTHING	O
BUT	O
A	O
HEADACHE	O
SINCE	O
WE	O
PURCHASED	O
IT	O
.	O

i	O
have	O
had	O
my	O
dell	O
latitude	O
for	O
almost	O
three	O
years	O
.	O

May	O
be	O
better	O
for	O
the	O
occasional	O
web	O
surfer	O
.	O

and	O
the	O
multiple	B-aspectTerm
page	I-aspectTerm
viewer	I-aspectTerm
(	O
allows	O
you	O
to	O
press	O
one	O
button	O
to	O
see	O
every	O
separate	O
page	O
currently	O
opened	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
in	O
one	O
screen	O
)	O
are	O
great	O
for	O
those	O
who	O
are	O
working	O
non	O
stop	O
or	O
just	O
shopping	O
online	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
the	O
3rd	O
day	O
and	O
part	O
still	O
had	O
not	O
been	O
shipped	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Obviously	O
we	O
both	O
got	O
new	O
Macs	O
.	O

My	O
Iphone	O
synced	O
right	O
up	O
just	O
like	O
a	O
person	O
would	O
expect	O
,	O
unlike	O
the	O
PCs	O
in	O
our	O
lives	O
.	O

That	O
being	O
said	O
after	O
2	O
weeks	O
of	O
owning	O
every	O
time	O
I	O
start	O
it	O
up	O
now	O
it	O
gives	O
me	O
a	O
black	O
screen	O
for	O
5	O
-	O
8	O
seconds	O
stating	O
pxe	O
-	O
e61	O
media	O
test	O
error	O
check	O
cable	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
fun	O
to	O
take	O
to	O
a	O
bookstore	O
,	O
sit	O
in	O
the	O
coffee	O
shop	O
area	O
,	O
sign	O
in	O
to	O
WiFi	O
and	O
look	O
up	O
book	O
reviews	O
of	O
books	O
I	O
might	O
buy	O
.	O

Not	O
super	O
fancy	O
,	O
but	O
not	O
super	O
expensive	O
either	O
.	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
good	O
sized	O
and	O
wasy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

HP	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

-Stay	O
away	O
from	O
Apple	O
,	O
or	O
hope	O
you	O
laptop	O
does	O
not	O
break	O
down	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
great	O
prodcut	O
to	O
handle	O
basic	O
computing	O
needs	O
.	O

I	O
never	O
had	O
this	O
kind	O
of	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
issue	O
with	O
Dell	O
(	O
not	O
to	O
say	O
Dell	O
is	O
that	O
great	O
)	O
,	O
not	O
with	O
a	O
brand	O
new	O
laptop	O
.	O

wonderful	O
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

the	O
laptop	O
was	O
really	O
good	O
and	O
it	O
goes	O
really	O
fast	O
just	O
the	O
way	O
i	O
thought	O
it	O
would	O
of	O
run	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
HP	O
and	O
ask	O
for	O
a	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
because	O
the	O
computer	O
does	O
not	O
come	O
with	O
one	O
and	O
completely	O
redo	O
it	O
all	O
.	O

I	O
m	O
glad	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
such	O
great	O
features	B-aspectTerm
in	O
it	O
.	O

it	O
's	O
just	O
a	O
great	O
toy	O
to	O
have	O
around	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
those	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
better	O
than	O
Office	B-aspectTerm
and	O
you	O
can	O
save	O
your	O
files	O
to	O
be	O
completely	O
compatible	O
with	O
the	O
Office	B-aspectTerm
programs	I-aspectTerm
as	O
well	O
.	O

Great	O
wifi	B-aspectTerm
too	O
.	O

WHEN	O
TYPING	B-aspectTerm
,	O
LETTERS	O
AND	O
SPACES	O
ARE	O
FREQUENTLY	O
OMITTED	O
REQUIRING	O
THE	O
USER	O
TO	O
REDO	O
MANY	O
WORDS	O
AND	O
SENTENCES	O
.	O

Only	O
a	O
few	O
days	O
after	O
I	O
received	O
the	O
computer	O
back	O
,	O
the	O
screen	O
froze	B-aspectTerm
again	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
not	O
ideal	O
for	O
children	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
temp	B-aspectTerm
.	O

sounds	O
like	O
a	O
typewriter	O
,	O
but	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
get	O
past	O
that	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
laptop	O
for	O
a	O
little	O
money	O
!	O

When	O
this	O
happened	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
completely	O
power	O
off	O
my	O
computer	O
and	O
restart	O
it	O
.	O

Although	O
i	O
do	O
believe	O
that	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
operating	I-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
may	O
be	O
to	O
fault	O
for	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
problems	O
.	O

Great	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
,	O
fabulous	O
improvements	O
to	O
the	O
existing	O
line	O
bumping	O
up	O
the	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
speed	I-aspectTerm
and	O
adding	O
the	O
thunderbolt	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
or	O
my	O
dad	O
paid	O
over	O
twenty	O
four	O
hundred	O
dollars	O
for	O
everything	O
.	O

The	O
lcd	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
stopped	I-aspectTerm
working	O
on	O
mine	O
after	O
10	O
months	O
.	O

That	O
includes	O
transferring	O
my	O
music	O
and	O
movies	O
.	O

Images	B-aspectTerm
are	O
crisp	O
and	O
clean	O
.	O

Took	O
that	O
one	O
home	O
,	O
same	O
thing	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
going	O
back	O
to	O
PC	O
.	O

Great	O
,	O
quick	O
laptop	O
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	O

although	O
its	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
vista	I-aspectTerm
compared	O
to	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
xp	I-aspectTerm
sucks	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
had	O
numerous	O
problems	O
with	O
Vista	O
,	B-aspectTerm
such	O
as	O
Adobe	O
Flash	B-aspectTerm
player	I-aspectTerm
just	I-aspectTerm
quits	O
and	O
has	O
to	O
be	O
uninstalled	O
and	O
then	O
reinsalled	O
,	O
Internet	O
Explore	B-aspectTerm
just	I-aspectTerm
quits	O
and	O
you	O
lose	O
whatever	O
you	O
were	O
working	O
on	O
,	O
also	O
,	O
the	O
same	O
Windows	O
update	B-aspectTerm
has	I-aspectTerm
appeared	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
since	O
we	O
got	O
it	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
updated	O
probably	O
400	O
times	O
,	O
the	O
same	O
update	O
.	B-aspectTerm

The	O
Dell	O
mini	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
Dell	O
product	O
that	O
I	O
had	O
ever	O
purchased	O
.	O

with	O
the	O
switch	B-aspectTerm
being	O
at	O
the	O
top	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
memorize	O
the	O
key	O
combination	O
rather	O
than	O
just	O
flicking	O
a	O
switch	B-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
Mac	O
has	O
gone	O
from	O
being	O
a	O
trusted	O
friend	O
to	O
an	O
adversary	O
.	O

One	O
more	O
tip	O
,	O
please	O
purchase	O
this	O
model	O
and	O
get	O
a	O
4	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
stick	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
to	O
save	O
you	O
$	O
10	O

By	O
week	O
two	O
,	O
my	O
laptop	O
had	O
overheated	O
and	O
was	O
completely	O
dead	O
even	O
though	O
I	O
did	O
not	O
use	O
it	O
too	O
much	O
.	O

And	O
it	O
is	O
impossible	O
to	O
get	O
them	O
back	O
in	O
.	O

My	O
last	O
laptop	O
gave	O
me	O
a	O
constant	O
battle	O
even	O
though	O
it	O
was	O
also	O
completely	O
new	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
mac	O
user	O
since	O
the	O
mid	O
90s	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
bein	O
into	O
the	O
shop	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
new	O
hardrive	B-aspectTerm
2	O
times	O
and	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
control	I-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
!	O

After	O
the	O
bad	O
experience	O
with	O
this	O
computer	O
went	O
back	O
to	O
compaq	O
.	O

Finally	O
after	O
months	O
of	O
research	O
the	O
discovered	O
that	O
they	O
mailed	O
it	O
to	O
a	O
Walmart	O
and	O
there	O
probably	O
would	O
be	O
no	O
way	O
to	O
find	O
the	O
box	O
.	O

It	O
does	O
n't	O
heat	O
up	O
like	O
my	O
old	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
always	O
have	O
used	O
a	O
tower	O
home	O
PC	O
and	O
jumped	O
to	O
the	O
laptop	O
and	O
have	O
been	O
very	O
satisfied	O
with	O
its	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
solid	O
.	O

Before	O
I	O
got	O
my	O
macbook	O
,	O
I	O
owned	O
a	O
Dell	O
laptop	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
amazing	O
little	O
peice	O
of	O
machinery	O
I	O
have	O
owned	O
outside	O
of	O
the	O
Iphone	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
very	O
fast	O
with	O
no	O
problems	O
and	O
the	O
iLife	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
that	O
comes	O
with	O
it	O
(	O
iPhoto	B-aspectTerm
,	O
iMovie	B-aspectTerm
,	O
iWeb	B-aspectTerm
,	O
iTunes	B-aspectTerm
,	O
GarageBand	B-aspectTerm
)	O
is	O
all	O
very	O
helpful	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

At	O
first	O
it	O
worked	O
well	O
for	O
a	O
month	O
or	O
so	O
then	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
board	I-aspectTerm
failed	O
and	O
I	O
send	O
it	O
in	O
to	O
toshiba	O
some	O
complaints	O
and	O
three	O
weeks	O
later	O
I	O
then	O
receive	O
my	O
laptop	O
back	O
only	O
to	O
discover	O
that	O
it	O
still	O
has	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
so	O
now	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
back	O
again	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
again	O
.	O

Until	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
Dell	O
,	O
I	O
thought	O
you	O
just	O
looked	O
for	O
what	O
you	O
wanted	O
(	O
size	O
,	B-aspectTerm
software	O
,	B-aspectTerm
options	O
,	O
hardware	O
)	B-aspectTerm
and	O
purchase	O
the	O
best	O
deal	O
you	O
could	O
find	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
how	O
I	O
could	O
ever	O
live	O
without	O
my	O
Qousmio	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
plenty	O
of	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
,	O
lots	O
of	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
great	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
did	O
n't	O
take	O
me	O
long	O
to	O
get	O
switched	O
over	O
to	O
the	O
Mac	O
computer	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
and	O
navigation	B-aspectTerm
-	O
it	O
's	O
been	O
just	O
fine	O
and	O
like	O
the	O
way	O
this	O
laptop	O
functions	O
much	O
better	O
.	O

It	O
lasted	O
for	O
many	O
years	O
of	O
travel	O
,	O
kids	O
and	O
abuse	O
and	O
if	O
I	O
fired	O
it	O
up	O
today	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
work	O
.	O

been	O
a	O
PC	O
user	O
for	O
many	O
,	O
many	O
years	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
any	O
issues	O
or	O
problems	O
with	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
so	O
far	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
still	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
it	O
was	O
when	O
I	O
first	O
bought	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
freezes	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
always	O
shows	O
that	O
there	O
is	O
an	O
error	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
restart	O
it	O
a	O
few	O
times	O
every	O
time	O
I	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
my	O
girlfriend	O
realized	O
that	O
the	O
netbook	O
's	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
loose	O
(	O
when	O
you	O
open	O
or	O
close	O
the	O
LCD	B-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

My	O
problem	O
was	O
with	O
DELL	B-aspectTerm
Customer	I-aspectTerm
Service	I-aspectTerm
.	O

There	O
are	O
so	O
many	O
things	O
wrong	O
with	O
this	O
product	O
,	O
it	O
just	O
makes	O
me	O
want	O
to	O
set	O
my	O
self	O
on	O
fire	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
not	O
even	O
a	O
year	O
old	O
yet	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
would	O
definitely	O
not	O
recommend	O
it	O
to	O
anyone	O
.	O

Amazing	O
machine	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
do	O
any	O
high	O
tech	O
stuff	O
on	O
it	O
,	O
just	O
write	O
papers	O
,	O
check	O
mail	O
,	O
and	O
sometimes	O
play	O
games	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
reccomend	O
it	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
computer	O
field	O
.	O

Newegg	O
's	O
RMA	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
was	O
great	O
as	O
always	O
,	O
I	O
contacted	O
them	O
late	O
Friday	O
night	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
issued	O
me	O
an	O
RMA	O
number	O
and	O
a	O
PrePaid	O
UPS	O
shipping	O
label	O
the	O
very	O
next	O
morning	O
on	O
Saturday	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
very	O
impressed	O
.	O

Dell	O
sucks	O

Design	B-aspectTerm
:	O
very	O
durable	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
go	O
from	O
one	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
to	O
another	O
.	O

I	O
spoke	O
to	O
4	O
different	O
people	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
they	O
needed	O
to	O
transfer	O
me	O
to	O
a	O
5th	O
person	O
!	O

The	O
Mac	O
Book	O
Pro	O
performs	O
flawlessly	O
.	O

Has	O
a	O
5	O
-	O
6	O
hour	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
ONLY	O
issues	O
are	O
:	O
1	O
)	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
video	I-aspectTerm
resolution	I-aspectTerm
wo	O
n't	O
increase	O
to	O
a	O
higher	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
then	O
1024	O
x	O
60	O

I	O
run	O
Dreamweaver	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Final	B-aspectTerm
Cut	I-aspectTerm
Pro	I-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
,	O
Photoshop	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Safari	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Firefox	B-aspectTerm
,	O
MSN	B-aspectTerm
Messenger	I-aspectTerm
and	O
a	O
few	O
other	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
constantly	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
owned	O
many	O
computers	O
and	O
laptops	O
.	O

I	O
recently	O
purchased	O
the	O
mini	O
and	O
absolutely	O
love	O
it	O
!	O

Does	O
a	O
great	O
job	O
with	O
video	O
shot	O
on	O
a	O
Canon	O
5D	O
MKII	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
told	O
by	O
many	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
great	O
computer	O
,	O
but	O
we	O
got	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
worked	O
great	O
for	O
one	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
the	O
warrenty	O
was	B-aspectTerm
up	O
,	O
then	O
it	O
got	O
really	O
bad	O
.	O

I	O
ve	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
many	O
times	O
.	O

The	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
(	O
ex.iPhoto	O
)	O
are	O
fun	O
,	O
easy	O
,	O
and	O
really	O
cool	O
to	O
use	O
(	O
unlike	O
the	O
competition	O
)	O
!	O

Yes	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
it	O
on	O
the	O
highest	O
available	O
setting	O
.	O

Not	O
to	O
mention	O
it	O
has	O
shit	O
gigs	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Hieroglyphics	O
are	O
quite	O
common	O
.	O

This	O
worked	O
just	O
fine	O
.	O

I	O
paid	O
for	O
extra	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
17-inch	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
line	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
and	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
burners	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Its	O
pretty	O
fast	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
hiccups	O
while	O
I	O
am	O
using	O
it	O
for	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
uploading	B-aspectTerm
photos	I-aspectTerm
,	O
watching	B-aspectTerm
movies	I-aspectTerm
(	O
720p	O
)	O
on	O
occasion	O
and	O
creating	B-aspectTerm
presentations	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
so	O
happy	O
with	O
my	O
new	O
Mac	O
.	O

Quality	B-aspectTerm
Display	I-aspectTerm
I	O
love	O
HP	O
,	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
the	O
only	O
computer	O
/	O
printer	O
we	O
will	O
buy	O
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
inconvenient	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
opted	O
for	O
the	O
12	B-aspectTerm
cell	I-aspectTerm
battery	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
MacBook	O
is	O
faster	O
than	O
any	O
comparable	O
PC	O
.	O

The	O
case	B-aspectTerm
is	O
carved	O
out	O
of	O
a	O
single	O
block	O
of	O
aluminum	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
this	O
machine	O
!	O

I	O
do	O
not	O
recommend	O
this	O
company	O
or	O
their	O
products	O
!	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

I	O
like	O
this	O
machine	O
because	O
its	O
very	O
lightweight	O
...	O

First	O
it	O
burned	O
or	O
fused	O
the	O
power	O
adapter	B-aspectTerm
plug	I-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
are	O
great	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
it	O
needs	O
is	O
better	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
still	O
working	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
was	O
nothing	O
on	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
and	O
found	O
its	O
TAB	B-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
functioning	O
.	O

Toshiba	O
is	O
aware	O
of	O
the	O
issue	O
but	O
unless	O
the	O
extended	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
is	I-aspectTerm
bought	O
Toshiba	O
will	O
do	O
nothing	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

HP	O
said	O
I	O
had	O
done	O
the	O
damage	O
.	O

-Called	O
headquarters	O
again	O
,	O
they	O
report	O
that	O
TFT	B-aspectTerm
panel	I-aspectTerm
is	O
broken	O
,	O
should	O
be	O
fixed	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
week	O
(	O
week	O
3	O
)	O
.	O

Navigation	B-aspectTerm
through	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
far	O
superior	O
compared	O
to	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
operating	I-aspectTerm
systems	I-aspectTerm
,	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

If	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
buy	O
another	O
computer	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
most	O
definetly	O
buy	O
an	O
acer	O
one	O
computer	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
framed	O
by	O
half-	O
to	O
a	O
full	O
-	O
inch	O
margin	O
that	O
is	O
obviously	O
unnecessary	O
,	O
reduces	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
and	O
increases	O
the	O
bulk	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Though	O
the	O
picture	B-aspectTerm
,	O
video	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
music	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
is	O
nowhere	O
close	O
to	O
professional	O
grade	O
software	B-aspectTerm
I	O
m	O
used	O
to	O
(	O
CS5	O
)	O
but	O
does	O
the	O
job	O
for	O
beginner	O
and	O
even	O
intermediate	O
media	O
designers	O
.	O

I	O
previously	O
owned	O
an	O
HP	O
desktop	O
and	O
a	O
Dell	O
laptop	O
.	O

Everything	O
else	O
just	O
install	O
and	O
go	O
.	O

This	O
thing	O
is	O
a	O
lemon	O
.	O

My	O
laptop	O
is	O
almost	O
2yrs	O
old	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
any	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
customers	O
that	O
come	O
in	O
hate	O
Dell	O
.	O

We	O
now	O
own	O
two	O
of	O
these	O
,	O
identical	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
already	O
recommended	O
this	O
laptop	O
to	O
a	O
friend	O
who	O
eye'd	O
the	O
computer	O
when	O
I	O
took	O
it	O
out	O
of	O
my	O
bag	O
.	O

I	O
enjoy	O
very	O
much	O
my	O
new	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
purchased	O
specifially	O
for	O
attending	O
online	O
schooling	O
.	O

Once	O
you	O
go	O
Mac	O
,	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
go	O
back	O
!	O

I	O
brought	O
this	O
laptop	O
last	O
friday	O
,	O
and	O
originally	O
it	O
worked	O
fantastic	O
.	O

The	O
much	O
lauded	O
combined	B-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
clicker	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
nightmare	O
.	O

The	O
Unibody	B-aspectTerm
construction	I-aspectTerm
is	O
solid	O
,	O
sleek	O
and	O
beautiful	O
.	O

They	O
're	O
easy	O
,	O
fun	O
,	O
powerful	O
and	O
will	O
last	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
.	O

I	O
WANT	O
MY	O
L505-s5988	O
BACK	O
!	O

I	O
let	O
my	O
friend	O
borrow	O
it	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
knows	O
nothing	O
about	O
computers	O
,	O
and	O
she	O
used	O
it	O
with	O
ease	O
.	O

This	O
MacBook	O
is	O
an	O
outstanding	O
product	O
with	O
great	O
value	B-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
case	O
for	O
you	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
suggest	O
a	O
pull	O
-	O
behind	O
solution	O
when	O
looking	O
at	O
cases	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
re	O
-	O
install	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
within	O
two	O
weeks	O
of	O
the	O
purchase	O
and	O
soon	O
discovered	O
cracks	O
in	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
hinges	I-aspectTerm
.	O

A	O
SECOND	O
PROBLEM	O
INVOLVES	O
THE	O
BATTERY	B-aspectTerm
WHICH	O
IS	O
ADVERTISED	O
AS	O
HAVING	O
A	O
STORAGE	B-aspectTerm
LIFE	I-aspectTerm
OF	O
11	O
HOURS	O
BUT	O
WHEN	O
FULLY	O
CHARGED	O
SHOWS	O
ONLY	O
7	O
HOURS	O
OF	O
SERVICE	B-aspectTerm
.	O

and	O
plenty	O
of	O
storage	B-aspectTerm
with	O
250	O
gb(though	O
I	O
will	O
upgrade	O
this	O
and	O
the	O
ram	B-aspectTerm
..	O
)	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
Apple	O
19	O
times	O
(	O
each	O
time	O
40	O
to	O
75	O
minutes	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
take	O
it	O
to	O
their	O
store	O
for	O
evaluations	O
,	O
and	O
diagnostics	O
,	O
5	O
times	O
.	O

No	O
temporary	O
replacement	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
out	O
of	O
replacements	O
because	O
"	O
many	O
computers	O
had	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
Nvidia	B-aspectTerm
chipset"-Inquired	I-aspectTerm
status	O
of	O
repair	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
to	O
friend	O
who	O
temporarily	O
fixed	O
it	O
and	O
I	O
finally	O
paid	O
about	O
1500	O
for	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
respond	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
old	O
computer	O
...	O

I	O
homeschool	O
my	O
kids	O
and	O
with	O
this	O
netbook	O
next	O
to	O
my	O
desk	O
we	O
get	O
to	O
teaching	O
and	O
illustrating	O
without	O
skipping	O
a	O
beat	O
.	O

Programs	B-aspectTerm
would	O
crash	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
turned	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
very	O
unstable	O
,	O
unreliable	O
laptop	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
BOUGHT	O
THIS	O
LAP	O
TOP	O
AND	O
THE	O
CHARGE	B-aspectTerm
TIME	I-aspectTerm
DOSEN'T	O
LAST	O
AS	O
LONG	O
AS	O
THEY	O
SAY	O
IT	O
WILL	O
MORE	O
LIKE	O
2	O
HOURS	O

Also	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
and	O
consistancy	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
laptop	O
computer	O
,	O
some	O
websites	O
would	O
n't	O
even	O
attempt	O
to	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
because	O
of	O
browser	O
problems	O
.	O

I	O
work	O
with	O
kids	O
and	O
they	O
love	O
making	O
short	O
videos	O
on	O
there	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
very	O
durable	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
pretty	O
rough	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
electronics	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
taken	O
it	O
all	O
with	O
no	O
reprecutions	O
yet	O
.	O

the	O
key	B-aspectTerm
bindings	I-aspectTerm
take	O
a	O
little	O
getting	O
used	O
to	O
,	O
but	O
have	O
loved	O
the	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
.	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
reasonable	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Instead	O
it	O
is	O
sitting	O
in	O
West	O
Verginia	O
waiting	O
for	O
UPS	O
to	O
take	O
two	O
days	O
to	O
send	O
Me	O
a	O
box	O
and	O
Two	O
days	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
ship	O
the	O
computer	O
some	O
691	O
miles	O
by	O
air	O
?	O
to	O
Louisville	O
Ky.	O

I	O
'm	O
now	O
trying	O
to	O
decide	O
on	O
another	O
Dell	O
model	O
.	O

I	O
find	O
myself	O
using	O
the	O
10-key	B-aspectTerm
more	O
than	O
I	O
thought	O
I	O
would	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
is	O
a	O
fantastic	O
laptop	O
.	O

Fan	B-aspectTerm
noise	O
:	O
The	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
made	O
a	O
constant	O
hissing	O
noise	O
in	O
the	O
background	O
.	O

I	O
believe	O
this	O
is	O
because	O
I	O
was	O
more	O
active	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
user	O
,	O
meaning	O
I	O
average	O
about	O
three	O
"	O
tabs	O
"	O
.	O

Best	O
Buy	O
Rocks	O
!	O

A	O
couple	O
things	O
you	O
should	O
know	O
:	O

bought	O
the	O
first	O
asus	O
laptop	O
in	O
san	O
francisco	O
,	O
returned	O
it	O
in	O
santa	O
maria	O
,	O
thinking	O
it	O
was	O
just	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
that	O
computer	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
bright	O
and	O
clear	O
,	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
is	O
solid	O
and	O
friendly	O
to	O
a	O
novice	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
.1	O
ghz	O
faster	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
and	O
a	O
stock	O
500	B-aspectTerm
gb	I-aspectTerm
hard	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
are	O
good	O
enough	O
for	O
what	O
I	O
need	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
yada	O
-	O
yada	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
the	O
biggest	O
problem	O
has	O
been	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
.	O

this	O
laptop	O
is	O
great	O
for	O
work	O
and	O
doing	O
my	O
pictures	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
the	O
computer	O
for	O
a	O
full	O
year	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
new	O
computer	O
.	O

"	O
This	O
is	O
n't	O
a	O
big	O
deal	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
n't	O
noticed	O
the	O
issue	O
with	O
DVDs	O
or	O
other	O
media	O
,	O
only	O
through	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
output	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
love	O
it	O
!	O

With	O
Windows	O
laptops	O
a	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
is	O
an	O
absolute	O
must	O
.	O

(	O
I	O
had	O
been	O
a	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
/	O
Linux	B-aspectTerm
user	O
before	O
this	O
)	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
because	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
big	O
enough	O
for	O
what	O
I	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
(	O
Internet	O
,	O
artwork	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
yet	O
it	O
is	O
small	O
enough	O
to	O
be	O
reasonably	O
portable	O
.	O

But	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
willing	O
to	O
pay	O
another	O
200	O
dollar	O
for	O
a	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Very	O
good	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
and	O
well	O
made	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
a	O
Logitech	O
desktop	O
set	O
in	O
anticipation	O
for	O
using	O
with	O
the	O
MBP	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
use	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
90	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
.	O

When	O
calling	O
Dell	O
for	O
help	O
,	O
reurn	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
new	O
computer	O
they	O
were	O
not	O
useful	O
and	O
left	O
it	O
up	O
to	O
myself	O
to	O
figure	O
out	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

Two	O
of	O
the	O
times	O
was	O
in	O
one	O
month	O
.	O

So	O
needless	O
to	O
day	O
,	O
I	O
'm	O
not	O
happy	O
.	O

my	O
niece	O
and	O
nephew	O
have	O
played	O
a	O
few	O
web	O
games	O
and	O
it	O
runs	O
anything	O
that	O
does	O
n't	O
require	O
a	O
dedicated	O
video	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Although	O
I	O
was	O
promised	O
about	O
10	O
hours	O
,	O
I	O
found	O
myself	O
to	O
a	O
limited	O
7	O
hours	O
(	O
which	O
is	O
still	O
amazing	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
had	O
the	O
full	O
sized	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
with	O
2	O
buttons	O
instead	O
of	O
just	O
one	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
also	O
cheaper	O
than	O
the	O
Pro	O
which	O
made	O
it	O
even	O
more	O
appealing	O
to	O
me	O
.	O

Typically	O
,	O
when	O
I	O
purchase	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
I	O
always	O
end	O
up	O
using	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
for	O
convenience	O
.	O

Consumer	O
Report	O
recommended	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

Needless	O
to	O
say	O
I	O
told	O
them	O
No	O
and	O
have	O
a	O
nice	O
day	O
and	O
hung	O
up	O
!	O

It	O
was	O
super	O
easy	O
to	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
and	O
Is	O
really	O
easy	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
updated	O
is	O
the	O
video	B-aspectTerm
,	O
other	O
than	O
that	O
you	O
're	O
all	O
set	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
n't	O
worth	O
it	O
.	O

Its	O
a	O
good	O
laptop	O
for	O
its	O
value	B-aspectTerm
.	O

ANd	O
I	O
babyed	O
the	O
heck	O
out	O
of	O
it	O
just	O
one	O
day	O
when	O
i	O
opened	O
it	O
turned	O
it	O
on	O
went	O
to	O
click	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
broke	O
.	O

Probbly	O
the	O
worst	O
decision	O
we	O
ever	O
made	O
!	O

Then	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
failed	O
;	O

This	O
computer	O
literally	O
takes	O
about	O
five	O
minutes	O
to	O
start	O
up	O
and	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
without	O
it	O
crawling	O
and	O
I	O
DO	O
mean	O
crawling	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
less	O
problems	O
.	O

It	O
will	O
be	O
returned	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
to	O
which	O
it	O
was	O
shipped	O
Michigan	O
.	O

Plain	O
and	O
simple	O
,	O
it(laptop	O
)	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
great	O
and	O
loads	B-aspectTerm
fast	O
.	O

This	O
machine	O
rocks	O
!	O

of	O
course	O
my	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
runs	O
out	O
next	O
month	O
.	O

My	O
next	O
laptop	O
will	O
also	O
be	O
a	O
Mac	O
!	O

But	O
not	O
in	O
this	O
case	O
.	O

taking	O
notes	O
,	O
research	O
,	O
an	O
online	O
class	O
and	O
such	O
and	O
did	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
spend	O
too	O
much	O
on	O
my	O
first	O
machine	O
.	O

The	O
capabilities	O
using	O
that	O
program	B-aspectTerm
alone	O
made	O
me	O
want	O
a	O
Mac	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
got	O
this	O
laptop	O
in	O
2007	O
to	O
help	O
me	O
with	O
school	O
,	O
I	O
had	O
a	O
hard	O
time	O
from	O
beginning	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
not	O
know	O
for	O
sure	O
.	O

No	O
machine	O
has	O
come	O
remotely	O
close	O
to	O
causing	O
as	O
many	O
problems	O
.	O

Every	O
single	O
one	O
we	O
've	O
gotten	O
we	O
've	O
had	O
problems	O
with	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
the	O
worst	O
computer	O
dell	O
ever	O
made	O
.	O

(	O
If	O
you	O
ever	O
see	O
the	O
spinning	B-aspectTerm
beachball	I-aspectTerm
come	O
up	O
when	O
you	O
think	O
it	O
should	O
n't	O
,	O
check	O
the	O
"	O
Activity	O
Monitor	O
"	O
app	O
to	O
see	O
if	O
the	O
disk	B-aspectTerm
throughput	I-aspectTerm
has	O
temporarily	O
dropped	O
to	O
zero	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
found	O
also	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
access	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
internet	I-aspectTerm
access	I-aspectTerm
;	O

About	O
1/2	O
of	O
the	O
sites	O
I	O
need	O
to	O
visit	O
because	O
of	O
my	O
work	O
contain	O
some	O
type	O
of	O
Flash	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
value	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
great	O
laptop	O
,	O
ran	B-aspectTerm
great	O
and	O
was	O
really	O
fast	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
has	O
never	O
worked	O
well	O
.	O

return	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
guarantee	O
this	O
will	O
be	O
the	O
last	O
Dell	O
I	O
will	O
ever	O
purchase	O
!	O

They	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
computer	O
error	O
on	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
never	O
buy	O
another	O
computer	O
from	O
Dell	O
ever	O
again	O
do	O
to	O
how	O
awful	O
it	O
worked	O
and	O
how	O
I	O
was	O
treated	O
by	O
the	O
company	B-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
review	O
mainly	O
talks	O
about	O
the	O
difference	O
I	O
have	O
felt	O
between	O
an	O
early	O
2011	O
and	O
late	O
2011	O
mac	O
book	O
pro	O
.	O

That	O
was	O
a	O
big	O
mistake	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
problem	O
is	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
resolutions	I-aspectTerm
!	O

Small	O
enough	O
to	O
use	O
on	O
a	O
long	O
flight	O
,	O
Light	O
enough	O
to	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
through	O
airports	O
and	O
powerful	O
enough	O
to	O
replace	O
my	O
desktop	O
while	O
on	O
long	O
business	O
trips	O
.	O

Typing	O
on	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
becomes	O
uncomfortable	O
after	O
extended	O
use	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
sharp	O
edges	B-aspectTerm
that	O
your	O
wrists	O
rest	O
on	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
are	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
netbook	O
pc	O
DO	O
NOT	O
BUY	O
FROM	O
ASUS	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

It	O
has	O
many	O
great	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
,	O
such	O
as	O
ILife	B-aspectTerm
,	O
iPhotos	B-aspectTerm
and	O
others	O
.	O

Other	O
Thoughts	O
:	O
Received	O
replacement	O
16	O
Days	O
later	O
.	O

If	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
patrons	O
in	O
the	O
Apple	O
store	O
are	O
any	O
indication	O
,	O
HP	O
and	O
other	O
PC	O
manufacturers	O
need	O
to	O
take	O
note	O
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
went	O
on	O
me	O
,	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
went	O
and	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
went	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
my	O
first	O
MacBook	O
after	O
seeing	O
the	O
product	O
demonstrated	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
very	O
well	O
built	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Might	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
avid	O
gamer	O
happy	O
but	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
really	O
think	O
that	O
is	O
what	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
designed	O
for	O
.	O

I	O
highly	O
recommend	O
this	O
laptop	O
to	O
anybody	O
that	O
wants	O
great	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
from	O
a	O
laptop	O
and	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
relax	O
and	O
not	O
become	O
enraged	O
cursing	O
the	O
gods	O
about	O
to	O
throw	O
your	O
laptop	O
out	O
the	O
door	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
resolution	I-aspectTerm
was	O
exactly	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
.	O

Even	O
though	O
it	O
is	O
running	O
Snow	B-aspectTerm
Leopard	I-aspectTerm
,	O
2.4	O
GHz	O
C2D	O
is	O
a	O
bit	O
of	O
an	O
antiquated	O
CPU	B-aspectTerm
and	O
thus	O
the	O
occasional	O
spinning	B-aspectTerm
wheel	I-aspectTerm
would	O
appear	O
when	O
running	O
Office	B-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
such	O
as	O
Word	B-aspectTerm
or	O
Excel	B-aspectTerm
.	O

seriously	O
why	O
have	O
n't	O
they	O
just	O
replaced	O
it	O
by	O
now	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
number	O
pad	B-aspectTerm
to	O
the	O
right	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
which	O
is	O
a	O
bummer	O
.	O

After	O
20	O
-	O
30	O
min	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
notebook	O
switched	O
off	O
.	O

If	O
upgrade	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
the	O
full	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
,	O
then	O
I	O
will	O
truly	O
be	O
a	O
very	O
happy	O
geek	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
used	O
both	O
PCs	O
and	O
Macs	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
I	O
really	O
really	O
love	O
my	O
Mac	O
Book	O
Pro	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
originally	O
concerned	O
that	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
view	O
work	O
I	O
had	O
done	O
in	O
college	O
on	O
my	O
Mac	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
PC	O
formatting	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
was	O
even	O
more	O
thrilled	O
to	O
learn	O
of	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
like	O
iLife	B-aspectTerm
and	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
that	O
allow	O
you	O
to	O
convert	O
your	O
PC	O
documents	O
into	O
readable	O
files	O
on	O
Macs	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
a	O
big	O
big	O
,	O
but	O
since	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
18.4	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
what	O
would	O
you	O
expect	O
!	O

I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
an	O
experience	O
like	O
this	O
.	O

We	O
have	O
n't	O
had	O
any	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

returned	O
it	O
to	O
walmart	O
.	O

10	O
hours	O
of	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
really	O
something	O
else	O
....	O

I	O
love	O
everything	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
slow	O
and	O
one	O
day	O
i	O
hope	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
money	O
to	O
get	O
rid	O
of	O
it	O
and	O
buy	O
something	O
else	O
.	O

It	O
meets	O
all	O
my	O
needs	O
for	O
work	O
and	O
pleasure	O
while	O
traveling	O
.	O

Runs	B-aspectTerm
fast	O
and	O
the	O
regular	B-aspectTerm
layout	I-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
is	O
so	O
much	O
better	O
.	O

All	O
was	O
well	O
.	O

All	O
the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
are	O
easy	O
and	O
straight	O
forward	O
on	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
clean	O
and	O
organized	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
always	O
strive	O
to	O
be	O
myself	O
.	O

He	O
said	O
quite	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
people	O
had	O
encountered	O
this	O
problem	O
and	O
said	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
common	O
issue	O
.	O

Not	O
worth	O
it	O
one	O
bit	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
ca	O
n't	O
fathom	O
that	O
the	O
celebrated	O
Dell	O
would	O
last	O
a	O
week	O
in	O
environment	O
of	O
free	O
competition	O
with	O
normal	O
products	O
-	O
it	O
only	O
survives	O
b	O
/	O
c	O
its	O
substandard	O
laptops	O
are	O
forced	O
onto	O
captive	O
students	O
and	O
employees	O
through	O
question	O
-	O
raising	O
programs	O
.	O

Much	O
of	O
which	O
HP	O
ended	O
up	O
paying	O
for	O
.	O

I	O
reinstalled	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
through	O
the	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
discs	I-aspectTerm
and	O
everything	O
seemed	O
good	O
again	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
is	O
terrific	O
(	O
no	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
change	O
the	O
background	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
,	O
I	O
use	O
it	O
just	O
for	O
school	O
work	O
.	O

Support	B-aspectTerm
has	O
been	O
lackluster	O
and	O
now	O
I	O
just	O
want	O
a	O
refund	O
.	O

First	O
of	O
all	O
,	O
they	O
had	O
no	O
record	O
of	O
me	O
having	O
the	O
3	B-aspectTerm
year	I-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
I	O
'd	O
paid	O
almost	O
$	O
400	O
for	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
in	O
,	O
spend	O
hours	O
on	O
their	O
online	B-aspectTerm
chat	I-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
fax	O
in	O
multiple	O
documents	O
.	O

I	O
hate	O
to	O
say	O
this	O
,	O
but	O
if	O
I	O
could	O
take	O
this	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
shop	O
and	O
get	O
my	O
money	O
back	O
,	O
then	O
I	O
would	O
.	O

It	O
makes	O
doing	O
schoolwork	O
at	O
night	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
.	O

Being	O
only	O
2	O
months	O
old	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
a	O
happy	O
camper	O
!	O

"	O
>	O
iPhoto	O
is	O
probably	O
the	O
best	O
program	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
worked	O
with	O
:	O
easy	O
and	O
convenient	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
to	O
write	O
and	O
play	O
with	O
graphics	O
and	O
html	O
programming	O
and	O
my	O
new	O
Toshiba	O
works	B-aspectTerm
great	O
on	O
both	O
!	O

THis	O
computer	O
may	O
be	O
small	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
one	O
heck	O
of	O
a	O
power	O
horse	O
.	O

They	O
would	O
repair	O
one	O
thing	O
,	O
send	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
it	O
would	O
still	O
have	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
.	O

Such	O
as	O
PAGES	O
,	O
NUMBERS	O
,	O
and	O
so	O
on	O
.	O

My	O
laptop	O
now	O
has	O
no	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Beta	O
had	O
better	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
VHS	B-aspectTerm
became	O
the	O
industry	O
standard	O
.	O

It	O
made	O
the	O
computer	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
.	O

:	O
-)If	O
you	O
buy	O
this	O
-	O
do	O
n't	O
go	O
into	O
it	O
expecting	O
7	O
hrs	O
of	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
you	O
'll	O
be	O
perfectly	O
satisfied	O
.	O

Needs	O
longer	O
lasting	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
,	O
More	O
than	O
1	O
to	O
2	O
Hrs	O
.	O

in	O
May	O
I	O
started	O
having	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
not	O
working	O
.	O

10	O
plus	O
hours	O
of	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
...	O

If	O
only	O
Bill	O
Gates	O
would	O
read	O
some	O
of	O
what	O
is	O
said	O
here	O
MS	O
would	O
do	O
a	O
better	O
job	O
.	O

The	O
design	B-aspectTerm
is	O
awesome	O
,	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
is	O
unprecedented	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
going	O
to	O
try	O
and	O
keep	O
my	O
old	O
G4	O
on	O
the	O
road	O
for	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
possible	O
.	O

The	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
version	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
Microsoft	I-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
is	O
cheaper	O
than	O
buying	O
the	O
actual	O
and	O
works	O
just	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

The	O
Mac	O
takes	O
about	O
the	O
same	O
amount	O
of	O
starting	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
time	I-aspectTerm
as	O
the	O
average	O
PC	O
,	O
but	O
keeps	O
itself	O
cleaned	O
up	O
and	O
ready	O
to	O
use	O
.	O

Its	O
hard	O
to	O
encounter	O
a	O
problem	O
on	O
a	O
mac	O
that	O
would	O
require	O
such	O
abrupt	O
action	O
.	O

The	O
Toshiba	O
Net	O
book	O
operates	B-aspectTerm
very	O
well	O
.	O

I	O
loved	O
it	O
.	O

the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
is	O
fine	O
-	O
again	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
real	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
pictures	B-aspectTerm
are	O
clear	O
as	O
can	O
be	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
also	O
very	O
lightweight	O
,	O
making	O
transporting	B-aspectTerm
this	O
computer	O
very	O
easy	O
.	O

If	O
anything	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
only	O
suggest	O
using	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
laptops	O
if	O
only	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
.	O

I	O
sit	O
down	O
and	O
use	O
my	O
husband	O
's	O
work	O
PC	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
like	O
it	O
one	O
bit	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
wonderful	O
for	O
computer	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

You	O
have	O
to	O
toss	O
out	O
the	O
wifi	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
and	O
replace	O
it	O
just	O
to	O
have	O
any	O
sort	O
of	O
network	B-aspectTerm
capability	I-aspectTerm
.	O

AND	O
the	O
best	O
part	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
even	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
free	O
printer	B-aspectTerm
(	O
when	O
they	O
have	O
a	O
certain	O
promotion	O
/	O
offer	O
going	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
)	O
!	O

the	O
place	O
we	O
bought	O
it	O
from	O
said	O
that	O
after	O
they	O
send	O
it	O
out	O
to	O
gateway	O
4	O
times	O
they	O
would	O
give	O
us	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
very	O
easy	O
for	O
anyone	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
an	O
apple	O
and	O
specially	O
the	O
mcbook	O
pro	O
notebook	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
it	O
better	O
than	O
my	O
big	O
Dell	O
Laptop	O
.	O

The	O
flaws	O
are	O
,	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
not	O
for	O
computer	O
gamers	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
X.	I-aspectTerm

I	O
tried	O
giving	O
it	O
0	O
stars	O
but	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
choose	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
IMO	O
NO	O
STARS	O

They	O
really	O
do	O
have	O
the	O
worlds	O
very	O
worst	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
.	O

They	O
need	O
to	O
stop	O
outsoucing	O
and	O
send	O
some	O
complaint	O
calls	O
to	O
US	O
based	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
agents	I-aspectTerm
for	O
those	O
who	O
live	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
states	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
also	O
able	O
to	O
install	O
and	O
use	O
my	O
Photoshop	O
and	B-aspectTerm
AfterEffects	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
easily	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
perfect	O
for	O
everything	O
and	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
faster	O
than	O
an	O
average	O
pc	O
!	O

for	O
being	O
so	O
small	O
it	O
is	O
amazing	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
.	O

Heck	O
,	O
I	O
like	O
all	O
Mac	O
computers	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
're	O
all	O
WAY	O
too	O
pricey	O
for	O
the	O
kind	O
of	O
economy	O
the	O
U.S.	O
is	O
going	O
through	O
.	O

Then	O
after	O
paying	O
for	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
examined	O
I	O
was	O
told	O
it	O
was	O
same	O
problem	O
cited	O
on	O
website	O
but	O
I	O
'd	O
have	O
to	O
pay	O
anyways	O
since	O
it	O
was	O
past	O
warrenty	O
.	B-aspectTerm

They	O
claim	O
that	O
I	O
should	O
be	O
happy	O
because	O
I	O
am	O
getting	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
to	O
replace	O
my	O
two	O
-	O
month	O
old	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
already	O
hooked	O
on	O
the	O
sleek	O
look	B-aspectTerm
and	O
dependability	B-aspectTerm
that	O
this	O
laptop	O
has	O
shown	O
.	O

The	O
machine	O
itself	O
is	O
alright	O
.	O

It	O
seems	O
to	O
have	O
some	O
opions	O
that	O
are	O
intalled	O
but	O
do	O
not	O
work	O
like	O
I	O
thought	O
they	O
would	O
.	O

And	O
having	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
the	O
company	B-aspectTerm
has	O
been	O
a	O
even	O
worse	O
nightmare	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
definitely	O
be	O
getting	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
if	O
it	O
has	O
any	O
more	O
issues	O
after	O
the	O
warranty	O
expires	B-aspectTerm
and	O
researching	O
carefully	O
when	O
I	O
do	O
so	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
run	O
accross	O
a	O
situation	O
like	O
this	O
again	O
!	O

I	O
also	O
experience	O
the	O
same	O
with	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Air	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
all	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
that	O
are	O
necessary	O
for	O
college	O
and	O
if	O
not	O
they	O
are	O
able	O
to	O
be	O
added	O
onto	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
owned	O
many	O
different	O
brands	O
of	O
laptops	O
in	O
my	O
life	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
an	O
internet	O
search	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
very	O
common	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
owned	O
this	O
labtop	O
for	O
less	O
then	O
two	O
months	O
,	O
already	O
the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
button	I-aspectTerm
has	O
broke	O
.	O

It	O
did	O
fairly	O
well	O
,	O
other	O
than	O
it	O
's	O
poor	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
overheating	O
and	O
occational	O
blue	O
screen	O
.	O

The	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
intuitive	O
,	O
so	O
much	O
so	O
that	O
I	O
never	O
want	O
to	O
use	O
buttons	B-aspectTerm
to	O
click	O
again	O
!	O

tons	O
of	O
bloatware	O
and	O
junk	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
.	O

its	O
sad	O
because	O
their	O
commercials	O
are	O
great	O
.	O

lots	O
of	O
extra	O
space	B-aspectTerm
but	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
ridiculously	O
small	O
.	O

Luckily	O
,	O
Dell	O
said	O
they	O
would	O
replace	O
my	O
laptop	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
,	O
but	O
instead	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
refund	O
and	O
bought	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

I	O
decided	O
to	O
get	O
this	O
pile	O
of	O
crap	O
on	O
a	O
whim	O
and	O
totally	O
freaking	O
regret	O
it	O
.	O

Never	O
been	O
hacked	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
bad	O
that	O
I	O
'm	O
thinking	O
I	O
only	O
got	O
half	O
a	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
or	O
something	O
.	O

Good	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
,	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
,	O
largest	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
think	O
it	O
was	O
seventy	O
nine	O
plus	O
tax	O
.	O

In	O
summary	O
,	O
take	O
your	O
money	O
elsewhere	O
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
quick	O
and	O
effective	O
as	O
I	O
load	B-aspectTerm
webpages	B-aspectTerm
and	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
went	O
bad	O
about	O
a	O
year	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
after	O
having	O
it	O
and	O
it	O
cost	O
around	O
eighty	O
to	O
a	O
hundred	O
dollars	O
!	O

I	O
will	O
NEVER	O
buy	O
(	O
Refurbished	O
)	O
again	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
cae	O
how	O
cheap	O
it	O
is	O
.	O

It	O
pretty	O
much	O
does	O
everything	O
we	O
could	O
ever	O
need	O
,	O
and	O
looks	O
great	O
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
just	O
slow	O
slow	O
slow	O
.	O

Bottom	O
line	O
,	O
I	O
doubt	O
you	O
'd	O
be	O
overly	O
disappointed	O
if	O
you	O
invest	O
in	O
this	O
machine	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
lifelong	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
user	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
extremely	O
pleased	O
to	O
make	O
the	O
change	O
to	O
Mac	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
owing	O
to	O
these	O
problems	O
,	O
I	O
went	O
out	O
and	O
got	O
myself	O
an	O
Apple	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
am	O
using	O
with	O
great	O
satisfaction	O
at	O
this	O
very	O
moment	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
is	O
extremely	O
thin	O
and	O
light	O
compared	O
to	O
those	O
heavy	O
Windows	O
Laptop	O
.	O

So	O
this	O
was	O
great	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
macbook	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
had	O
.	O

The	O
acer	O
one	O
compuer	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
computer	O
.	O

another	O
problem	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
is	O
also	O
made	O
better	O
,	O
my	O
computer	O
has	O
never	O
got	O
a	O
virus	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
laptop	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
just	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
day	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
thinking	O
of	O
a	O
laptop	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
heartily	O
recommend	O
theApple	O
13.3	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
Notebook	O
Computer	O
(	O
Z0J80001	O
)	O
Notebook	O
for	O
all	O
your	O
needs	O
!	O

I	O
wiped	O
nearly	O
everything	O
off	O
of	O
it	O
,	O
installed	O
OpenOffice	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Firefox	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
operating	O
an	O
incredibly	O
efficient	O
and	O
useful	O
machine	O
for	O
a	O
great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Overall	O
I	O
feel	O
this	O
netbook	O
was	O
poor	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
,	O
had	O
poor	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
although	O
it	O
did	O
have	O
great	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
when	O
it	O
did	O
work	O
.	O

I	O
picked	O
it	O
out	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
inexpensive	O
(	O
$	O
400	O
)	O
and	O
I	O
thought	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
good	O
,	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
first	O
laptop	O
.	O

MY	O
ONLY	O
PROBLEM	O
IS	O
I	O
CAN	O
NOT	O
REG	O
.	O
THE	O
PRODUCT	B-aspectTerm
KEY	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
"	O
Time	O
remaining	O
"	O
goes	O
from	O
4	O
hours	O
plus	O
to	O
less	O
than	O
2	O
hours	O
over	O
the	O
span	O
of	O
about	O
10	O
minutes	O
.	O

Pay	O
attention	O
to	O
the	O
specs	B-aspectTerm
if	O
you	O
want	O
these	O
options	O
.	O

Stupidly	O
,	O
mind	O
-	O
numbingly	O
slow	O
--	O
then	O
I	O
found	O
it	O
can	O
only	O
be	O
loaded	O
with	O
2	O
GB	O
*	O
maximum*.	O

It	O
also	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Sure	O
it	O
has	O
the	O
one	B-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
keys	I-aspectTerm
but	O
that	O
was	O
the	O
best	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
do	O
pretty	O
much	O
75	O
%	O
of	O
what	O
I	O
do	O
on	O
my	O
desktop	O
on	O
my	O
kitchen	O
table	O
.	O

Being	O
a	O
PC	O
user	O
my	O
whole	O
life	O
....	O

great	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
real	O
stand	O
out	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
the	O
feel	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
's	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

At	O
first	O
,	O
the	O
computer	O
seemed	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
--	O
seemingly	O
high	O
-	O
end	O
specs	B-aspectTerm
for	O
a	O
low	O
,	O
low	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Delivery	B-aspectTerm
was	O
early	O
too	O
.	O

During	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
back	O
3	O
times	O
.	O

Although	O
I	O
opted	O
for	O
the	O
lowest	O
end	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
,	O
this	O
thing	O
holds	O
its	O
own	O
.	O

Love	O
the	O
stability	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
and	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

And	O
that	O
probably	O
explains	O
why	O
I	O
've	O
already	O
had	O
my	O
SATA	B-aspectTerm
controller	I-aspectTerm
go	O
bad	O
within	O
a	O
year	O
of	O
buying	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
left	O
the	O
place	O
angrily	O
.	O

I	O
my	O
wife	O
is	O
also	O
now	O
the	O
proud	O
owner	O
of	O
a	O
Macbook	O
as	O
well	O
!	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
laptop	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
;	O

It	O
's	O
also	O
very	O
capable	O
of	O
doing	O
moderate	O
video	B-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
(	O
although	O
you	O
may	O
need	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
boost	O
of	O
the	O
larger	O
MacBook	O
Pros	O
for	O
heavy	O
duty	O
mobile	B-aspectTerm
video	I-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

ASUS	O
said	O
my	O
net	O
-	O
book	O
was	O
working	O
properly	O
.	O

I	O
received	O
this	O
laptop	O
as	O
a	O
gift	O
and	O
let	O
me	O
just	O
tell	O
you	O
that	O
its	O
the	O
worst	O
.	O

Very	O
annoying	O
.	O

My	O
main	O
reason	O
to	O
convert	O
was	O
the	O
imovie	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
faster	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
and	O
more	O
ram	B-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
you	O
need	O
an	O
affordable	O
,	O
entry	O
-	O
level	O
laptop	O
,	O
this	O
will	O
fit	O
the	O
bill	O
.	O

Laptops	O
are	O
usually	O
used	O
on	O
the	O
go	O
,	O
so	O
why	O
not	O
give	O
you	O
a	O
better	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
?	O

I	O
will	O
never	O
complain	O
about	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
since	O
I	O
believe	O
you	O
get	O
what	O
you	O
pay	O
for	O
and	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
was	O
worth	O
every	O
dollar	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
n't	O
a	O
big	O
fan	O
of	O
the	O
Netbooks	O
but	O
this	O
one	O
was	O
very	O
well	O
designed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
may	O
take	O
a	O
little	O
getting	O
used	O
to	O
but	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
viruses	O
or	O
other	O
headaches	O
.	O

And	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
on	O
this	O
macbook	O
pro	O
can	O
last	O
up	O
to	O
5	O
years	O
or	O
1000	O
battery	O
recharge	O
cycles	O
.	O

I	O
still	O
have	O
that	O
stupid	O
bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
to	O
!	O

Would	O
like	O
more	O
trendy	O
,	O
high	O
tech	O
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
but	O
primary	O
and	O
secondary	O
control	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
could	O
be	O
more	O
durable	O
.	O

Screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
glossy	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
's	O
not	O
too	O
bad	O
.	O

Received	O
the	O
product	O
promptly	O
and	O
without	O
any	O
issues	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
great	O
,	O
I	O
can	O
Hardly	O
ever	O
take	O
my	O
hands	O
off	O
it	O
!	O

I	O
remind	O
myself	O
from	O
time	O
to	O
time	O
to	O
take	O
off	O
my	O
watch	O
when	O
ever	O
I	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
small	O
scratch	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
caused	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
again	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
had	O
been	O
replaced	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
now	O
on	O
the	O
SECOND	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
within	O
3	O
months	O
.	O

But	O
reasons	O
we	O
chose	O
this	O
Apple	O
computer	O
.	O

Processor	B-aspectTerm
-	O
When	O
compared	O
to	O
my	O
3	O
week	O
old	O
Early	O
2011	O
edition	O
there	O
I	O
barely	O
experience	O
any	O
difference	O
in	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
(	O
2.3	O
GHz	O
v	O
/	O
s	O
2.4	O
GHz	O
)	O
.	O

They	O
say	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
again	O
,	O
but	O
Dell	O

I	O
upgraded	O
from	O
a	O
5	O
year	O
old	O
laptop	O
and	O
was	O
amazed	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
that	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
much	O
slower	O
then	O
my	O
old	O
laptop	O
.	O

2nd	O
Best	O
computer	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
only	O
one	O
way	O
this	O
computer	O
might	O
become	O
the	O
best	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
needs	O
to	O
upgreade	O
patches	O
to	O
make	O
less	O
easier	O
for	O
people	O
to	O
hack	O
into	O

Love	O
the	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
especially	O
!	O

It	O
could	O
be	O
a	O
perfect	O
laptop	O
if	O
it	O
would	O
have	O
faster	O
system	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
and	O
its	O
radeon	B-aspectTerm
5850	I-aspectTerm
would	O
have	O
DDR5	B-aspectTerm
instead	O
of	O
DDR3	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Not	O
only	O
are	O
the	O
versions	O
of	O
these	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
able	O
to	O
be	O
saved	O
,	O
worked	O
on	O
and	O
opened	O
on	O
both	O
a	O
PC	O
and	O
Mac	O
,	O
the	O
versions	O
of	O
these	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
on	O
a	O
Mac	O
are	O
graphically	O
and	O
functionally	O
superior	O
.	O

By	O
Air	O
sounds	O
more	O
like	O
by	O
truck	O
to	O
Me	O
.	O

So	O
far	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
five	O
months	O
since	O
the	O
last	O
problem	O
was	O
fixed	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
PRAYING	O
it	O
has	O
finally	O
stopped	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
outstanding	O
too	O
.	O

The	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
gives	O
you	O
the	O
power	O
to	O
work	O
on	O
these	O
projects	O
seamlessly	O
,	O
and	O
multiple	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
if	O
you	O
sowish	O
.	O

Awesome	O
laptop	O
and	O
the	O
perfect	O
size	B-aspectTerm
to	O
carry	O
around	O
in	O
college	O
.	O

So	O
I	O
'm	O
disappointed	O
in	O
that	O
because	O
communicating	O
with	O
my	O
relatives	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
area	O
is	O
a	O
priority	O
.	O

A	O
MONTH	O
LATER	O
,	O
we	O
reinstall	O
the	O
OS	O
(	B-aspectTerm
Vista	I-aspectTerm
)	I-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

Some	O
problems	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
if	O
you	O
purchase	O
new	O
software	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
guarentee	O
.	O

My	O
real	O
problem	O
with	O
it	O
?	O
The	O
statement	O
of	O
7	O
hour	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
just	O
mere	O
exaggeration	O
--	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
lie	O
.	O

just	O
chill	O
and	O
enjoy	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
relatively	O
good	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
her	O
first	O
laptop	O
and	O
she	O
is	O
thrilled	O
.	O

I	O
should	O
have	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
them	O
then	O
.	O

I	O
definitely	O
suggest	O
getting	O
an	O
extended	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
,	I-aspectTerm
you	O
will	O
probably	O
need	O
it	O
!	O

If	O
this	O
would	O
be	O
your	O
first	O
Mac	O
purchase	O
then	O
I	O
would	O
highly	O
suggest	O
that	O
you	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
class	O
that	O
they	O
offer	O
to	O
learn	O
about	O
the	O
differences	O
between	O
Mac	O
and	O
PC	O
's	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
leaves	O
alot	O
to	O
be	O
desired	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
only	O
5	O
months	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
away	O
to	O
be	O
repaired	O
twice	O
...	O

I	O
have	O
found	O
it	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
very	O
imformative	O
,	O
wonder	O
alerts	O
and	O
tutorials	O
making	O
it	O
very	O
easy	O
for	O
someone	O
like	O
me	O
who	O
is	O
not	O
exactly	O
technologically	O
advanced	O
to	O
learn	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
various	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
stupid	O
pop	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
windows	I-aspectTerm
(	O
even	O
when	O
I	O
have	O
pop	B-aspectTerm
ups	I-aspectTerm
blocked	O
)	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
5	O
minutes	O
for	O
a	O
webpage	O
to	O
download	O
,	O
and	O
best	O
of	O
all	O
I	O
can	O
run	O
all	O
the	O
web	B-aspectTerm
programming	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
I	O
need	O
to	O
use	O
all	O
at	O
once	O
without	O
slowing	O
me	O
down	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
entire	O
family	O
had	O
a	O
computer	O
in	O
the	O
living	O
room	O
;	O

Do	O
n't	O
waste	O
your	O
money	O
or	O
time	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
spent	O
more	O
time	O
in	O
repair	O
shops	O
than	O
i	O
can	O
possibly	O
recount	O
here	O
.	O

Memory	B-aspectTerm
is	O
upgradable	O
.	O

Web	B-aspectTerm
access	I-aspectTerm
through	O
the	O
3	B-aspectTerm
G	I-aspectTerm
network	I-aspectTerm
is	O
so	O
slow	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
frustrating	O
and	O
VERY	O
DISAPPOINTING	O
.	O

Well	O
,	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
a	O
month	O
or	O
two	O
ago	O
.	O

My	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
huge	O
disappointment	O
.	O

Received	O
all	O
four	O
in	O
good	O
order	O
;	O

The	O
computer	O
first	O
started	O
malfunctioning	O
3	O
months	O
after	O
purchasing	O
it	O
.	O

this	O
is	O
starting	O
off	O
good	O
.	O

The	O
large	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
also	O
helps	O
when	O
you	O
are	O
working	O
in	O
design	B-aspectTerm
based	I-aspectTerm
programs	I-aspectTerm
like	O
Adobe	B-aspectTerm
Creative	I-aspectTerm
Suite	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
only	O
pro	O
to	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
it	O
was	O
under	O
$	O
600	O
!	O

Moral	O
of	O
the	O
story:-Do	O
not	O
buy	O
anything	O
from	O
companies	B-aspectTerm
that	O
do	O
not	O
respect	O
their	O
customers	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
first	O
Dell	O
I	O
heard	O
their	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
was	O
lacking	O
and	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
working	O
on	O
improving	O
it	O
!	O

As	O
well	O
as	O
having	O
the	O
plug	B-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
computer	O
come	O
loose	O
.	O

Very	O
small	O
and	O
portable	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
this	O
netbook	O
about	O
12	O
hrs	O
now	O
and	O
It	O
's	O
better	O
than	O
expected	O
.	O

She	O
said	O
Wal	O
Mart	O
rants	O
and	O
raves	O
abouy	O
carring	O
Dell	O
because	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
big	O
name	O
but	O
they	O
are	O
a	O
piece	O
of	O
garbage	O
.	O

NOT	O
WITH	O
APPLE	O
.	O

After	O
3	O
pleasant	O
weeks	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
the	O
laptop	O
just	O
died	O
.	O

Each	O
time	O
taking	O
about	O
1	O
day	O
or	O
so	O
.	O

Second	O
HDD	B-aspectTerm
cover	I-aspectTerm
has	O
walls	O
inside	O
that	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
broken	O
if	O
you	O
what	O
to	O
install	O
one	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
want	O
more	O
information	O
on	O
macs	O
I	O
suggest	O
going	O
to	O
apple.com	O
and	O
heading	O
towards	O
the	O
macbook	O
page	O
for	O
more	O
information	O
on	O
the	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
.	O

So	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
years	O
later	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
a	O
dumb	O
college	O
girl	O
and	O
had	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
wireless	O
internet	O
.	O

This	O
netbook	O
went	O
bad	O
on	O
me	O
after	O
3	O
days	O
.	O

Probably	O
wo	O
n't	O
work	O
either	O
.	O

Great	O
product	O
by	O
Apple	O
with	O
the	O
new	O
great	O
looking	O
design	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Probably	O
as	O
good	O
as	O
you	O
can	O
get	O
in	O
a	O
netbook	O
,	O
does	O
everything	O
I	O
ask	O
for	O
and	O
has	O
some	O
very	O
good	O
unexpected	O
pluses	O
.	O

Overall	O
I	O
am	O
very	O
satisfied	O
with	O
the	O
purchase	O
.	O

In	O
my	O
line	O
of	O
work	O
,	O
I	O
often	O
have	O
to	O
take	O
work	O
home	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
makes	O
it	O
so	O
easy	O
.	O

They	O
told	O
me	O
to	O
reprogram	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
lost	O
pictures	O
of	O
my	O
oldests	O
first	O
2	O
years	O
of	O
her	O
life	O
.	O

I	O
use	O
iphoto	B-aspectTerm
all	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
program	B-aspectTerm
for	O
anyone	O
who	O
is	O
into	O
photography	O
-	O
amateurs	O
and	O
experts	O
alike	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
for	O
my	O
son	O
in	O
2007	O
for	O
his	O
Christmas	O
present	O
.	O

It	O
took	O
so	O
much	O
time	O
.	O

I	O
hate	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
huge	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
does	O
n't	O
matter	O
when	O
I	O
output	O
media	O
to	O
the	O
50	O
inch	O
LCD	O
TV	O
.	O

I	O
'll	O
stick	O
to	O
Tashiba	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
purchase	O
Spy	B-aspectTerm
ware	I-aspectTerm
or	O
Nortell	B-aspectTerm
for	O
privacy	O
protection	O
.	O

You	O
will	O
not	O
regret	O
buying	O
such	O
a	O
great	O
thing	O
like	O
this	O
!	O

I	O
was	O
said	O
it	O
's	O
videocard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Plus	O
stylish	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
what	O
I	O
get	O
out	O
of	O
it	O
has	O
exceeded	O
my	O
expectations	O
.	O

And	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
going	O
to	O
deal	O
with	O
HP	O
be	O
careful	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
the	O
computer	O
into	O
Best	O
Buy	O
where	O
I	O
purchased	O
it	O
and	O
they	O
kept	O
it	O
over	O
night	O
to	O
study	O
it	O
.	O

If	O
your	O
time	O
is	O
worth	O
anything	O
to	O
you	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
tired	O
of	O
rebooting	O
,	O
reformatting	O
,	O
reinstalling	O
,	O
trying	O
to	O
find	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
,	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
a	O
computer	O
to	O
work	O
for	O
you	O
for	O
a	O
change	O
,	O
make	O
the	O
change	O
to	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

My	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
is	O
no	O
exception	O
.	O

Unless	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
care	O
how	O
long	O
it	O
takes	O
to	O
get	O
going	O
,	O
find	O
something	O
else	O
.	O

(	O
You	O
may	O
be	O
reading	O
one	O
now	O
!	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
wish	O
is	O
the	O
15	O
inch	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
has	O
much	O
better	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
side	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
I	O
love	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
!	O

In	O
fact	O
,	O
he	O
said	O
,	O
about	O
10	O
%	O
of	O
their	O
products	O
fail	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
Apple	O
product	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
purchased	O
.	O

Now	O
,	O
as	O
easy	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
to	O
use	O
,	B-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
do	O
think	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
STARTER	O
laptop	O
.	O

This	O
causes	O
my	O
wrist	O
to	O
scrape	O
up	O
against	O
it	O
.	O

Enough	O
said	O
.	O

Setting	B-aspectTerm
would	O
change	O
for	O
some	O
reason	O
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
would	O
change	O
on	O
it	O
's	O
own	O
,	O
like	O
the	O
pixel	B-aspectTerm
sizes	I-aspectTerm
and	O
whatnot	O
.	O

It	O
had	O
some	O
kind	O
of	O
pre	B-aspectTerm
installed	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
update	I-aspectTerm
that	O
completely	O
shut	O
the	O
computer	O
down	O
when	O
you	O
clicked	O
it	O
.	O

Ever	O
since	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
,	O
so	O
far	O
I	O
've	O
experience	O
nothing	O
but	O
constant	O
break	O
downs	O
of	O
the	O
laptop	O
and	O
bad	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
services	I-aspectTerm
I	O
received	O
over	O
the	O
phone	O
with	O
toshiba	B-aspectTerm
customer	I-aspectTerm
services	I-aspectTerm
hotlines	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
not	O
plan	O
on	O
going	O
back	O
.	O

No	O
laptop	O
is	O
perfect	O
,	O
but	O
sometimes	O
you	O
just	O
find	O
a	O
computer	O
that	O
works	O
for	O
you	O
.	O

I	O
really	O
like	O
the	O
Mac	O
15.4	O
in	O
.	O
Notebook	O
,	O
but	O
its	O
very	O
pricey	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
the	O
space	B-aspectTerm
bar	I-aspectTerm
makes	O
a	O
noisy	O
click	O
every	O
time	O
you	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

iPhotos	B-aspectTerm
is	O
an	O
excellent	O
program	B-aspectTerm
for	O
storing	O
and	O
organizing	O
photos	O
.	O

Other	O
than	O
that	O
its	O
a	O
great	O
performing	B-aspectTerm
machine	O
and	O
well	O
meets	O
all	O
my	O
needs	O
and	O
more	O
.	O

We	O
were	O
occasional	O
Mac	O
users	O
before	O
,	O
but	O
most	O
recently	O
owned	O
a	O
budget	O
PC	O
since	O
it	O
is	O
what	O
we	O
could	O
afford	O
.	O

Called	O
tech	O
support	O
and	O
got	O
the	O
usual	O
Acer	O
"	O
We	O
do	O
n't	O
support	O
software	B-aspectTerm
but	O
for	O
$	O
$	O
$	O
we	O
can	O
help	O
you	O
"	O
I	O
explained	O
there	O
was	O
no	O
software	B-aspectTerm
involved	O
in	O
booting	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
would	O
never	O
tell	O
anyone	O
to	O
buy	O
one	O
either	O
.	O

The	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
are	O
great	O
,	O
like	O
iphoto	B-aspectTerm
(	O
love	O
the	O
editing	O
capabilities	O
)	O
,	O
imail	B-aspectTerm
(	O
which	O
can	O
incorporate	O
with	O
the	O
address	O
book	O
on	O
the	O
ipod	O
and	O
ipad	O
)	O
,	O
imovie	B-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
learn	O
in	O
my	O
research	O
was	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
need	O
like	O
privacy	O
protection	O
and	O
warranty	O
protection	O
,	O
in	O
case	O
it	O
gets	O
broken	O
,	O
or	O
crashes	O
etc	O
.	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
say	O
enough	O
good	O
for	O
it	O
!	O

Comfterbale	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
light	O
easy	O
to	O
transport	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Computer	O
itself	O
is	O
a	O
good	O
product	O
but	O
the	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
depot	I-aspectTerm
stinks	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
was	O
great	O
for	O
the	O
specs	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
tired	O
of	O
going	O
without	O
my	O
laptop	O
every	O
few	O
weeks	O
.	O

the	O
only	O
down	O
fall	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
no	O
cd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
but	O
i	O
found	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
very	O
cheap	O
to	O
by	O
and	O
also	O
very	O
portable	O
making	O
this	O
the	O
best	O
friend	O
to	O
someone	O
who	O
is	O
always	O
looking	O
for	O
more	O
space	O
then	O
they	O
have	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
capacity	I-aspectTerm
really	O
does	O
n't	O
matter	O
to	O
me	O
.	O

Just	O
for	O
a	O
stupid	O
CD	O
.	O

Keys	B-aspectTerm
stick	O
periodically	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
nt	O
had	O
the	O
laptop	O
for	O
45	O
days	O
yet	O
.	O

It	O
crashes	O
,	O
and	O
when	O
it	O
goes	O
flat	O
,	O
it	O
just	O
DIES	O
(	O
like	O
a	O
PC	O
,	O
maybe	O
worse	O
)	O
and	O
I	O
loose	O
all	O
my	O
open	O
documents	O
!	O

I	O
also	O
like	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
scroll	O
down	O
in	O
a	O
window	O
using	O
two	O
fingers	O
on	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Everything	O
from	O
the	O
design	B-aspectTerm
to	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
simple	O
and	O
to	O
the	O
point	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
now	O
making	O
a	O
point	O
to	O
avoid	O
their	O
products	O
and	O
I	O
hope	O
my	O
experience	O
can	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
warning	O
to	O
you	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

I'v	O
spent	O
as	O
much	O
for	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
as	O
I	O
would	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
new	O
netbook	O
--	O
of	O
course	O
a	O
different	O
brand	O
.	O

I	O
personally	O
like	O
the	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
look	I-aspectTerm
but	O
needed	O
a	O
machine	O
that	O
delivered	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
performance	I-aspectTerm
while	O
still	O
looking	O
professional	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
my	O
customers	O
.	O

This	O
just	O
keeps	O
having	O
it	O
's	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
replaced	O
!	O

When	O
you	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
specs	O
on	O
Apple	O
products	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
a	O
Dell	O
or	O
a	O
HP	O
,	O
yes	O
they	O
do	O
seem	O
to	O
offer	O
less	O
for	O
a	O
higher	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
.	O

"	O
Then	O
I	O
proceed	O
to	O
tell	O
her	O
that	O
I	O
checked	O
out	O
other	O
retail	O
stores	O
that	O
carry	O
the	O
netbook	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
n't	O
LIKE	O
THAT	O
.	O

Then	O
they	O
had	O
me	O
jump	O
through	O
many	O
hoops	O
and	O
questions	O
to	O
see	O
if	O
they	O
could	O
find	O
another	O
way	O
to	O
invalidate	O
me	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
downfall	O
is	O
the	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
control	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Clearly	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
something	O
wrong	O
with	O
the	O
product	O
and	O
LG	O
did	O
n't	O
take	O
up	O
the	O
responsibility	O
.	O

Very	O
fast	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
and	O
shut	B-aspectTerm
down	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Right	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
this	O
little	O
netbook	O
did	O
everything	O
I	O
asked	O
of	O
it	O
,	O
including	O
streaming	O
the	O
everyday	O
video	O
you	O
're	O
bound	O
to	O
encounter	O
checking	O
mail	O
and	O
websites	O
(	O
my	O
biggest	O
complaint	O
previously	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

this	O
laptop	O
is	O
durable	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
travel	O
with	O
.	O

I	O
finally	O
decided	O
on	O
this	O
laptop	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
right	O
price	B-aspectTerm
for	O
what	O
I	O
need	O
it	O
.	O

What	O
a	O
mistake	O
!	O

If	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
connectivity	I-aspectTerm
is	O
important	O
I	O
would	O
recommend	O
going	O
with	O
a	O
dell	O
net	O
book	O
for	O
50	O
bucks	O
more	O
,	O
or	O
buy	O
a	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
wireless	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
read	O
online	O
that	O
some	O
users	O
were	O
having	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
.	O

My	O
last	O
computer	O
,	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
only	O
$	O
400	O
,	O
and	O
worked	O
like	O
a	O
charm	O
for	O
many	O
years	O
.	O

It	O
discharges	B-aspectTerm
too	O
quickly	O
.	O

But	O
to	O
be	O
honest	O
,	O
the	O
compatibility	B-aspectTerm
issues	O
and	O
the	O
other	O
little	O
quirks	O
make	O
me	O
think	O
I	O
ll	O
buy	O
a	O
PC	O
next	O
time	O
.	O

three	O
years	O
is	O
a	O
decent	O
life	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
must	O
make	O
it	O
to	O
graduation	O
and	O
beyond	O
.	O

I	O
work	O
on	O
a	O
PC	O
at	O
home	O
and	O
have	O
used	O
Pc	O
all	O
through	O
college	O
.	O

TOSHIBA	O
WILL	O
NOT	O
ACKNOWLEDGE	O
THIS	O
PROBLEM	O
.	O

Then	O
it	O
ceased	O
charging	B-aspectTerm
at	O
all	O
.	O

An	O
absolutely	O
hateful	O
machine	O
that	O
no	O
one	O
should	O
get	O
of	O
their	O
own	O
free	O
will	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
not	O
experience	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
heat	O
coming	O
out	O
of	O
it	O
,	O
however	O
I	O
would	O
highly	O
suggest	O
purchasing	O
a	O
stand	B-aspectTerm
however	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
design	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
macbook	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
one	O
very	O
large	O
heat	B-aspectTerm
sink	I-aspectTerm
.	O

*	O
=	O
Webcam	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
laggy	O
,	O
not	O
the	O
greatest	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
not	O
much	O
of	O
a	O
computer	O
techie	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
can	O
understand	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
internal	O
problems	O
,	O
though	O
I	O
do	O
have	O
trend	B-aspectTerm
micro	I-aspectTerm
as	O
an	O
antiviral	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Stay	O
away	O
from	O
HP	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
continued	O
to	O
give	O
me	O
issues	O
and	O
in	O
Late	O
June	O
it	O
completely	O
died	O
again	O
and	O
I	O
tried	O
to	O
call	O
Acer	O
again	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
and	O
they	O
refused	O
to	O
help	O
me	O
,	O
they	O
said	O
my	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
was	O
up	O
and	O
hung	O
up	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
have	O
n't	O
had	O
any	O
major	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
laptop	O
except	O
that	O
the	O
plastic	B-aspectTerm
piece	I-aspectTerm
that	O
covers	O
the	O
usb	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
wires	I-aspectTerm
have	O
all	O
come	O
off	O
.	O

Wonderful	O
sleek	O
case	B-aspectTerm
design	I-aspectTerm
is	O
only	O
on	O
the	O
outside	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
speedy	O
when	O
connected	O
wirelessly	O
to	O
any	O
network	O
regardless	O
if	O
the	O
connection	B-aspectTerm
is	O
weak	O
or	O
not	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
it	O
!	O

The	O
pricing	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
competitive	O
.	O

so	O
we	O
got	O
a	O
good	O
deal	O
on	O
hsn	O
for	O
an	O
ascer	O
notebook	O
and	O
we	O
bought	O
it	O
for	O
him	O
.	O

Connecting	O
to	O
my	O
wireless	O
router	O
via	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
wireless	I-aspectTerm
took	O
no	O
time	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Its	O
still	O
going	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
is	O
exceptionally	O
thin	O
for	O
it	O
's	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
and	O
processing	B-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
.	O

There	O
is	O
NO	O
way	O
I	O
will	O
buy	O
a	O
LG	O
product	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
quitting	O
or	O
freezing	O
.	O

Prior	O
to	O
this	O
computer	O
,	O
I	O
owned	O
a	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
for	O
6	O
years	O
(	O
quite	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
for	O
a	O
laptop	O
)	O
.	O

Maybe	O
this	O
is	O
virus	O
related	O
,	O
maybe	O
not	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
computer	O
has	O
locked	O
up	O
many	O
times	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
two	O
occasions	O
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
has	O
simply	O
gone	O
black	O
.	O

The	O
advantages	O
of	O
owning	O
'	O
a	O
'	O
mac	O
are	O
numerous	O
.	O

I	O
challenge	O
anyone	O
to	O
show	O
proof	O
that	O
through	O
anywhere	O
near	O
normal	O
use	O
can	O
get	O
more	O
than	O
2.5	O
hrs	O
out	O
of	O
it	O
.	O

Using	O
this	O
machine	O
is	O
like	O
a	O
mild	O
form	O
of	O
torture	O
.	O

This	O
wiped	O
out	O
several	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
were	O
installed	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
when	O
it	O
was	O
bought	O
.	O

On	O
the	O
twelfth	O
day	O
that	O
I	O
had	O
the	O
notebook	O
,	O
I	O
decided	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
Dell	O
's	O
website	O
and	O
update	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
blinks	O
it	O
shuts	O
off	O
at	O
will	O
.	O

Excellent	O
product	O
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
n't	O
bad	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
lower	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
spectrum	O
,	O
easily	O
capable	O
of	O
running	O
StarCraft	O
II	O
and	O
other	O
games	O
with	O
comparable	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
,	O
so	O
I	O
am	O
unable	O
to	O
install	B-aspectTerm
and	O
uninstall	B-aspectTerm
some	O
programs	O
.	B-aspectTerm

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
bright	O
and	O
vivid	O
and	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
very	O
important	O
for	O
use	O
quick	O
typers	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
do	O
everything	O
I	O
could	O
before	O
,	O
only	O
faster	O
and	O
more	O
efficiently	O
.	O

I	O
called	O
Toshiba	O
and	O
they	O
want	O
me	O
to	O
be	O
without	O
my	O
laptop	O
for	O
about	O
two	O
weeks	O
while	O
they	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
problem	O
.	O

the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
jumps	O
around	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
and	O
it	O
clicks	O
stuff	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
want	O
it	O
too	O
.	O

i	O
do	O
nt	O
understand	O
why	O
i	O
spent	O
twice	O
as	O
much	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
laptop	O
rather	O
than	O
a	O
desktop	O
when	O
my	O
lap	O
top	O
is	O
completely	O
immoble	O
.	O

For	O
those	O
that	O
care	O
about	O
noise	B-aspectTerm
this	O
thing	O
does	O
n't	O
really	O
make	O
any	O
;	O

Here	O
we	O
are	O
another	O
year	O
later	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
doing	O
the	O
same	O
thing	O
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
plethora	O
of	O
problems	O
,	O
I	O
managed	O
to	O
use	O
technological	O
trickery	O
to	O
keep	O
the	O
machine	O
operational	O
for	O
two	O
years	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
my	O
IWORKS	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Itunes	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Email	O
,	O
MS	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
,	O
network	O
and	O
printers	O
set	O
up	O
and	O
completely	O
working	O
perfectly	O
within	O
an	O
hour	O
.	O

Simply	O
amazing	O
computer	O
!	O
!	O

I	O
first	O
purchased	O
this	O
Dell	O
model	O
"	O
1764	O
"	O
on	O
April	O
6	O
,	O
201	O

The	O
macbooks	O
are	O
small	O
enough	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
portable	O
yet	O
hold	O
tons	O
of	O
information	O
and	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Two	O
times	O
with	O
in	O
one	O
month	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
downfall	O
is	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
I	O
have	O
wo	O
n't	O
work	O
with	O
Mac	O
and	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
worth	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
of	O
it	O
.	O

Waited	O
on	O
getting	O
this	O
computer	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
great	O
change	O
.	O

For	O
my	O
burn	O
thigh	O
which	O
has	O
put	O
a	O
permanent	O
mark	O
on	O
my	O
skin	O
(	O
it	O
happened	O
7	O
months	O
ago	O
)	O
they	O
offered	O
me	O
an	O
ITouch	O
8Gig	O
(	O
you	O
know	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
bit	O
insulating	O
when	O
a	O
company	O
this	O
rich	O
,	O
offer	O
a	O
loyal	O
customer	O
like	O
me	O
,	O
a	O
bottom	O
of	O
their	O
product	O
line	O
as	O
a	O
gift	O
for	O
events	O
like	O
this	O
)	O
.	O

Whenever	O
tried	O
to	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
restart	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
the	O
BIOS	B-aspectTerm
launched	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
(	O
or	O
Winblows	O
,	O
as	O
I	O
like	O
ot	O
call	O
it	O
)	O
.	O

BUT	O
there	O
's	O
this	O
application	B-aspectTerm
called	O
Boot	B-aspectTerm
Camp	I-aspectTerm
which	O
allows	O
you	O
to	O
add	O
another	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
X	I-aspectTerm
like	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
mousepad	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
huge	O
pain	O
in	O
the	O
arse	O
!	O

I	O
hope	O
to	O
edit	O
this	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
hours	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
going	O
to	O
try	O
to	O
install	O
my	O
own	O
copy	O
of	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
shipped	O
on	O
the	O
next	O
business	O
day	O
,	O
called	O
on	O
a	O
Friday	O
they	O
are	O
closed	O
on	O
weekends	O
,	O
what	O
was	O
the	O
next	O
step	O
.	O

)	O
I	O
also	O
purchased	O
Applecare	O
for	O
$	O
300	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
three	O
year	O
extended	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
,	I-aspectTerm
since	O
I	O
ve	O
never	O
seen	O
any	O
laptop	O
that	O
lasted	O
more	O
than	O
two	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
the	O
netbook	O
for	O
2	O
months	O
and	O
I	O
love	O
it	O
,	O
I	O
read	O
some	O
reviews	O
that	O
say	O
netbooks	O
are	O
slow	O
but	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
seem	O
any	O
slower	O
than	O
the	O
other	O
computers	O
I	O
use	O
.	O

I	O
run	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
via	O
bootcamp	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
couple	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
I	O
do	O
not	O
want	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
mac	O
version	O
of	O
,	O
like	O
my	O
cad	B-aspectTerm
programs	I-aspectTerm
.	O

C'mon	O
,	O
LG	O
.	O

Whenever	O
I	O
call	O
Dell	O
about	O
an	O
unrelated	O
problem	O
,	O
they	O
ask	O
me	O
if	O
my	O
laptop	O
is	O
running	O
slowly	O
and	O
if	O
I	O
'd	O
like	O
to	O
purchase	O
more	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
for	O
$	O
75	O
.	O

since	O
then	O
i	O
have	O
had	O
minor	O
problems	O
with	O
slow	O
operation	O
.	B-aspectTerm

If	O
you	O
faintly	O
come	O
close	O
to	O
touching	O
this	O
thing	O
while	O
typing	O
,	O
all	O
craziness	O
may	O
break	O
loose	O
.	O

Registration/1st	O
use	B-aspectTerm
is	O
easy	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
this	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
use	O
it	O
everyday	O
to	O
do	O
something	O
,	O
and	O
never	O
lets	O
me	O
down	O
.	O

Finally	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
reach	O
a	O
young	O
lady	O
in	O
California	O
and	O
ordered	O
the	O
machine	O
and	O
was	O
subsequently	O
given	O
a	O
delivery	O
date	O
.	O

I	O
definitely	O
will	O
buy	O
a	O
Mac	O
again	O
if	O
and	O
when	O
this	O
computer	O
ever	O
fails	O
.	O

The	O
Toshiba	O
Mini	O
Notebook	O
,	O
Model	O
NB	O
305-N410BL	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
little	O
computer	O
.	O

Take	O
your	O
time	O
and	O
go	O
through	O
the	O
tutorials	B-aspectTerm
patiently	O
.	O

So	O
if	O
anyones	O
looking	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
computer	O
or	O
laptop	O
you	O
should	O
stay	O
far	O
far	O
away	O
from	O
any	O
that	O
have	O
the	O
name	O
TOSHIBA	O
on	O
it	O
...	O

(	O
I	O
'm	O
an	O
excellent	O
touch	O
typist	O
,	O
and	O
my	O
hands	O
are	O
very	O
sensitive	O
,	O
too	O
.	O

This	O
time	O
the	O
mouse	O
pad	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
right	O
click	B-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
would	I-aspectTerm
n't	O
work	O
!	O

EVENTUALLY	O
we	O
pushed	O
hard	O
enough	O
to	O
convince	O
them	O
that	O
this	O
was	O
the	O
MACHINE	O
that	O
was	O
causing	O
the	O
problems	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
full	B-aspectTerm
charge	I-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
got	O
me	O
only	O
about	O
2	O
full	O
hours	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
a	O
cordless	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
for	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
do	O
n't	O
always	O
take	O
it	O
out	O
;	O

When	O
I	O
got	O
it	O
,	O
I	O
immediately	O
noticed	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
quite	O
heavy	O
and	O
thick	O
and	O
not	O
really	O
attractive	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
sleek	O
,	O
smooth	O
,	O
and	O
lightweight	O
.	O

i	O
am	O
a	O
huge	O
computer	O
person	O
i	O
love	O
anykind	O
of	O
computer	O
that	O
works	O
well	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
i	O
got	O
this	O
one	O
i	O
was	O
so	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
works	O
and	O
how	O
it	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
its	O
amazing	O
.	O

It	O
took	O
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
tech	I-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
4	O
calls	O
and	O
4	O
different	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
to	O
correct	O
the	O
problem	O
.	O

They	O
only	O
stay	O
charged	B-aspectTerm
a	O
little	O
over	O
an	O
hour	O
.	O

Now	O
they	O
are	O
believers	O
in	O
the	O
product	O
.	O

Had	O
to	O
have	O
this	O
computer	O
repaired	O
twice	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
5	O
months	O
after	O
purchasing	O
it	O
.	O

Hewlett	O
Packard	O
HP	O
Pavillion	O
DV6000	O
Laptop	O
is	O
the	O
worst	O
laptop	O
we	O
have	O
ever	O
bought	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
never	O
owned	O
a	O
Mac	O
before	O
;	O

The	O
4	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
are	O
nice	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
two	O
on	O
the	O
side	O
only	O
work	O
now	O
and	O
then	O
.	O

I	O
could	O
not	O
find	O
a	O
phone	O
number	O
anywhere	O
to	O
call	O
an	O
actual	O
live	O
person	O
for	O
tech	O
support	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
had	O
to	O
result	O
the	O
their	O
online	O
chat	B-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

i	O
try	O
to	O
use	O
it	O
today	O
and	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
logon	O
.	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
could	O
use	O
some	O
trimming	O
.	O

The	O
bottom	O
-	O
line	O
is	O
that	O
this	O
laptop	O
just	O
is	O
n't	O
worth	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
returned	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
HP	O
and	O
they	O
kept	O
it	O
for	O
3	O
months	O
.	O

Its	O
white	O
color	B-aspectTerm
is	O
stylish	O
for	O
college	O
students	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
take	O
to	O
carry	O
and	O
take	O
to	O
classes	O
.	O

Returned	O
laptop	O
for	O
repair	O
a	O
2nd	O
time	O
and	O
it	O
came	O
back	O
with	O
obvious	O
physical	O
damage	O
(	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
bulging	O
and	O
speaker	B-aspectTerm
grill	I-aspectTerm
pressed	O
in	O
)	O
,	O
buttons	B-aspectTerm
not	O
working	O
and	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
inoperative	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
am	O
next	O
to	O
my	O
router	O
on	O
my	O
HP	O
I	O
get	O
full	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
,	O
on	O
my	O
Eee	O
PC	O
I	O
get	O
3	O
bars	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
assurances	O
from	O
2	O
different	O
people	O
that	O
the	O
remaining	O
10	O
months	O
of	O
my	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
would	O
transfer	O
to	O
the	O
new	O
computer	O
.	O

Pretty	O
disappointed	O
about	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

The	O
letter	B-aspectTerm
A	I-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	O
after	O
the	O
first	O
week	O
.	O

By	O
the	O
time	O
I	O
was	O
finally	O
able	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
work	O
order	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
I	O
had	O
been	O
without	O
my	O
computer	O
for	O
almost	O
a	O
week	O
while	O
I	O
was	O
an	O
Online	O
College	O
Student	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
very	O
inconvenient	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
off	O
and	O
be	O
without	O
it	O
while	O
it	O
was	O
being	O
fixed	O
also	O
.	O

It	O
out	O
performs	O
any	O
other	O
laptop	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
today	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
what	O
I	O
call	O
a	O
good	O
after	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Maybe	O
it	O
's	O
Acer	O
,	O
maybe	O
it	O
's	O
MSFT	O
.	O

So	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
a	O
good	O
machine	O
that	O
does	O
almost	O
anything	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
one	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
a	O
low	O
budget	O
computer	O
then	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
other	O
great	O
brands	O
Best	O
Buy	O
sells	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
off	O
a	O
star	O
because	O
the	O
machine	O
has	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
junk	O
software	B-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
buy	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
for	O
every	O
person	O
in	O
my	O
office	O
if	O
I	O
could	O
.	O

With	O
what	O
I	O
do	O
know	O
how	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
the	O
computer	O
works	B-aspectTerm
beautiful	O
.	O

HAVING	O
HAD	O
EXPERIENCE	O
WITH	O
A	O
TOSHIBA	O
LAPTOP	O
,	O
I	O
WAS	O
DISAPPOINTED	O
TO	O
FIND	O
THAT	O
THE	O
TOSHIBA	O
NB305	O
LAPTOP	O
HAS	O
MAJOR	O
PROBLEMS	O
.	O

Tried	O
to	O
make	O
a	O
recovey	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
would	O
nt	O
get	O
passed	O
the	O
first	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Most	O
everything	O
is	O
fine	O
with	O
this	O
machine	O
:	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
capacity	B-aspectTerm
,	O
build	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
it	O
crash	O
,	O
randomly	O
turn	O
off	O
,	O

For	O
the	O
same	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
you	O
get	O
a	O
lot	O
more	O
in	O
the	O
Asus	O
....	O
1920x1080	O
res	O
.	O

I	O
made	O
a	O
photo	O
book	O
as	O
a	O
gift	O
,	O
on	O
my	O
computer	O
,	O
pushed	O
"	O
Buy	O
"	O
and	O
it	O
drew	O
from	O
my	O
iTunes	B-aspectTerm
account	O
and	O
sent	O
the	O
book	O
to	O
my	O
house	O
,	O
the	O
book	O
was	O
of	O
perfect	O
quality	O
-	O
exactly	O
how	O
I	O
had	O
created	O
it	O
and	O
looked	O
better	O
than	O
I	O
had	O
even	O
imagined	O
.	O

I	O
use	O
this	O
for	O
my	O
tutoring	O
business	O
,	O
and	O
since	O
I	O
'm	O
always	O
bouncing	O
from	O
student	O
to	O
student	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
ideal	O
for	O
portability	B-aspectTerm
and	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
(	O
yes	O
,	O
it	O
gets	O
the	O
8	O
hours	O
as	O
advertised	O
!	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
best	O
condition	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
really	O
high	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
.	O

When	O
it	O
come	O
time	O
for	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
Toshiba	I-aspectTerm
you	O
do	O
n't	O
matter	O
.	O

However	O
the	O
frozen	O
screens	O
kept	B-aspectTerm
happening	O
.	O

I	O
ve	O
owned	O
Apple	O
computers	O
and	O
laptops	O
for	O
as	O
long	O
as	O
i	O
could	O
remember	O
.	O

At	O
least	O
those	O
computers	O
did	O
n't	O
just	O
die	O
on	O
me	O
like	O
this	O
one	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
A	O
MAC	O
!	O
!	O

i	O
had	O
the	O
bulk	O
of	O
problems	O
with	O
my	O
lap	O
top	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
six	O
months	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
first	O
LG	O
product	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
short	O
on	O
space	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
downloads	B-aspectTerm
always	O
had	O
problems	O
being	O
completed	O
,	O
or	O
were	O
said	O
to	O
be	O
'	O
corrupted	O
'	O
.	O

3	O
)	O
Horrible	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm

The	O
LED	B-aspectTerm
backlit	I-aspectTerm
display	I-aspectTerm
makes	O
my	O
pictures	O
pop	O
so	O
much	O
more	O
.	O

very	O
very	O
slow	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
going	O
back	O
to	O
DELL	O
.	O

With	O
what	O
I	O
paid	O
for	O
this	O
computer	O
it	O
should	O
have	O
had	O
everything	O
on	O
it	O
.	O

Apple	O
is	O
always	O
great	O
about	O
the	O
aesthetics	B-aspectTerm
of	O
things	O
,	O
they	O
always	O
come	O
up	O
with	O
good	O
looking	O
products	O
.	O

I	O
went	O
to	O
my	O
local	O
Best	O
Buy	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
since	O
mine	O
broke	O
.	O

Runs	B-aspectTerm
smooth	O
and	O
quick	O
.	O

Not	O
a	O
bad	O
laptop	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
bit	O
slow	O
,	O
but	O
gets	O
the	O
job	O
done	O
.	O

Honestly	O
,	O
I	O
spent	O
more	O
time	O
waiting	O
for	O
it	O
to	O
unfreeze	O
then	O
actually	O
doing	O
what	O
I	O
got	O
on	O
there	O
for	O
!	O

This	O
a	O
starter	O
notebook	O
.	O

No	O
I	O
am	O
generous	O
calling	O
it	O
slow	O
.	O

The	O
downside	O
to	O
this	O
netbook	O
is	O
pretty	O
much	O
the	O
same	O
for	O
any	O
netbook	O
:	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
something	O
I	O
'd	O
stare	O
at	O
for	O
the	O
entire	O
10	O
-	O
11	O
hours	O
of	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
five	O
days	O
a	O
week	O
.	O

The	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
great	O
.	O

All	O
-	O
in	O
-	O
all	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
definitely	O
recommend	O
this	O
product	O
for	O
nearly	O
everyone	O
.	O

in	O
5	O
months	O
the	O
connect	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
got	O
worse	O
and	O
worse	O
.	O

The	O
big	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
allows	O
you	O
to	O
enjoy	O
watching	O
movies	O
,	O
pictures	O
and	O
etc	O
!	O

the	O
headphone	B-aspectTerm
and	O
mic	B-aspectTerm
jack	I-aspectTerm
are	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
making	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
hard	O
to	O
use	O
when	O
using	O
headphones	B-aspectTerm
/	O
mic	B-aspectTerm
,	O
not	O
to	O
mention	O
the	O
laptop	O
was	O
designed	O
for	O
right	O
handed	O
person	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
[	O
$	O
]	O
price	B-aspectTerm
(	O
special	O
offer	O
)	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
at	O
least	O
eight	O
Toshiba	O
laptops	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
have	O
been	O
outstanding	O
,	O
including	O
this	O
one	O
.	O

I	O
called	O
back	O
to	O
ensure	O
that	O
received	O
it	O
,	O
they	O
had	O
.	O

the	O
manufacturer	O
's	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
only	O
covers	O
replacement	O
/	O
repair	O
of	O
parts	O
.	O

What	O
I	O
'd	O
like	O
is	O
for	O
the	O
laptop	O
to	O
run	B-aspectTerm
well	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
purchase	O
additional	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
you	O
can	O
afford	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
for	O
one	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
then	O
definitely	O
go	O
for	O
this	O
.	O

Got	O
the	O
computer	O
back	O
a	O
month	O
later	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
still	O
broken	O
sent	O
it	O
out	O
again	O
and	O
they	O
repaired	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
works	B-aspectTerm
exactly	O
like	O
it	O
did	O
the	O
day	O
I	O
took	O
it	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
.	O

Now	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
issue	O
I	O
had	O
freaked	O
me	O
out	O
.	O

i	O
love	O
ths	O
notebook	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
fast	O
booting	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
,	O
shutting	B-aspectTerm
down	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
connection	B-aspectTerm
with	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
internet	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
serious	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
laptop	O
or	O
a	O
serious	O
media	O
machine	O
;	O

Even	O
if	O
Apple	O
replaces	O
whatever	O
needs	O
replacing	O
I	O
wonder	O
if	O
,	O
since	O
I	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
doubling	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
time	O
I	O
get	O
out	O
of	O
it	O
each	O
time	O
it	O
's	O
"	O
like	O
new	O
,	O
"	O
I	O
might	O
have	O
8	O
months	O
next	O
time	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
this	O
laptop	O
on	O
Black	O
Friday	O
.	O

They	O
replaced	O
my	O
hard	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
as	I-aspectTerm
well	O
as	O
my	O
mother	O
board	B-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

I	O
fell	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
just	O
one	O
problem	O
after	O
another	O
for	O
me	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
's	O
reason	O
we	O
had	O
forked	O
out	O
so	O
much	O
money	O
was	O
so	O
we	O
would	O
n't	O
have	O
anything	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
nothing	O
to	O
complain	O
about	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
.	O

and	O
it	O
comes	O
with	O
the	O
new	O
OSX	B-aspectTerm
that	O
comes	O
with	O
new	O
features	B-aspectTerm
that	O
makes	O
the	O
use	B-aspectTerm
more	O
easy	O
.	O

Maybe	O
not	O
the	O
cutting	O
edge	O
(	O
Satellite	O
L455D	O
)	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
workhorse	O
.	O

But	O
the	O
Macbook	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
!	O

Now	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
going	O
darker	O
,	O
darker	O
,	O
darker	O
.	O

EITHER	O
THE	O
COMPUTER	O
IS	O
TOO	O
SLOW	O
TO	O
DETECT	O
THE	O
KEYS	B-aspectTerm
TYPED	O
(	O
THIS	O
IS	O
UNLIKELY	O
AS	O
I	O
AM	O
A	O
SLOW	O
TYPIST	O
)	O
OR	O
THE	O
KEYBOARD	B-aspectTerm
SIMPLY	O
DOES	O
NOT	O
DETECT	O
THE	O
KEYS	B-aspectTerm
BEING	O
TYPED	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
the	O
black	O
MacBook	O
two	O
years	O
ago	O
and	O
have	O
never	O
regretted	O
it	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
graphic	O
arts	O
a	O
retired	O
instructor	O
I	O
still	O
love	O
to	O
play	O
with	O
the	O
graphic	O
with	O
photos	O
and	O
clip	O
art	O
.....	O

My	O
wife	O
also	O
has	O
problems	O
with	O
her	O
Asus	O
-	O
different	O
model	O
.	O

Features	B-aspectTerm
such	O
as	O
the	O
Dashboard	B-aspectTerm
(	O
allows	O
you	O
to	O
view	O
frequently	O
used	O
tools	O
like	O
a	O
calculator	O
,	O
weather	O
forecast	O
,	O
movie	O
times	O
,	O
calendar	O
,	O
computer	O
post	O
its	O
etc	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
is	O
the	O
ideal	O
college	O
companion	O
.	O

Both	O
computers	O
started	O
acting	O
extremely	O
slow	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
year	O
of	O
owning	O
them	O
.	O

The	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
is	O
very	O
sturdy	O
and	O
versatile	O
.	O

when	O
i	O
called	O
to	O
have	O
another	O
one	O
shipped	O
or	O
to	O
get	O
my	O
money	O
back	O
they	O
said	O
the	O
return	B-aspectTerm
policy	I-aspectTerm
is	O
23	O
twenty	O
three	O
days	O
from	O
the	O
date	O
of	O
purchase	O
.	O

BOUGHT	O
FROM	O
WAL	O
-	O
MART	O
,	O
I	O
BELIEVE	O
THAT	O
THIS	O
LAPTOP	O
WAS	O
A	O
REPAIRED	O
ITEM	O
.	O

Could	O
nt	O
not	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
found	O
this	O
time	O
that	O
the	O
battery	O
was	B-aspectTerm
faulty	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
and	O
some	O
other	O
fixes	O
they	O
found	O
.	O

I	O
swear	O
they	O
design	O
these	O
things	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
crap	O
after	O
a	O
year	O
so	O
you	O
are	O
stuck	O
and	O
have	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
.	O

Great	O
pick	O
for	O
portability	B-aspectTerm
and	O
affordability	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
easy	O
easy	O
easy	O
to	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
,	O
easy	O
to	O
hook	B-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
my	I-aspectTerm
wireless	I-aspectTerm
network	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
previously	O
purchased	O
a	O
13	O
"	O
macbook	O
(	O
had	O
pro	O
specs	B-aspectTerm
and	O
was	O
aluminum	B-aspectTerm
style	I-aspectTerm
)	O
which	O
had	O
a	O
nvidia	B-aspectTerm
9800	I-aspectTerm
(	O
If	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
mistaken	O
)	O
and	O
it	O
had	O
major	O
heating	O
issues	O
.	O

They	O
did	O
n't	O
even	O
try	O
to	O
assist	O
me	O
or	O
even	O
offer	O
a	O
replacement	O
.	O

We	O
used	O
PC	O
products	O
-	O
it	O
seemed	O
simpler	O
to	O
continue	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
thing	O
.	O

The	O
people	O
there	O
just	O
changed	O
for	O
me	O
on	O
the	O
spot	O
and	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
new	O
arm	B-aspectTerm
piece	I-aspectTerm
and	O
they	O
did	O
n't	O
even	O
request	O
for	O
a	O
receipt	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
my	O
Samsung	O
TV	O
and	O
Galaxy	O
S	O
smartphone	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
Netbook	O
was	O
a	O
very	O
poor	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
made	O
a	O
perfect	O
decision	O
when	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
Toshiba	O
!	O

I	O
take	O
it	O
everywhere	O
with	O
me	O
because	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
easy	O
to	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
wo	O
n't	O
last	O
more	O
than	O
1/2	O
an	O
hour	O
.	O

It	O
still	O
heats	O
up	O
like	O
mad	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
unable	O
to	O
use	O
it	O
with	O
the	O
computer	O
directly	O
on	O
my	O
lap	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
five	O
to	O
ten	O
minutes	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
fell	O
apart	O
right	O
after	O
the	O
1-year	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
finding	O
my	O
way	O
around	O
this	O
laptop	O
better	O
than	O
my	O
last	O
one	O
.	O

They	O
told	O
me	O
it	O
was	O
my	O
loss	O
even	O
though	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
not	O
what	O
I	O
've	O
done	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
Highly	O
recommend	O
this	O
MacBook	O
.	O

About	O
2	O
months	O
ago	O
i	O
bought	O
the	O
2011	O
macbook	O
pro	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
an	O
upgrade	O
from	O
my	O
2010	O
macbook	O
pro	O
.	O

Let	O
's	O
just	O
get	O
this	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
way	O
,	O
I	O
love	O
Apple	O
!	O

Oh	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
word	B-aspectTerm
and	O
stuff	O
but	O
its	O
a	O
trial	O
verion	O
so	O
after	O
about	O
a	O
month	O
or	O
so	O
when	O
you	O
go	O
to	O
open	O
it	O
it	O
asks	O
for	O
a	O
product	O
key	O
which	O
did	O
nt	O
come	O
with	O
the	O
computer	O
and	O
even	O
after	O
clicking	O
cancel	O
it	O
wo	O
nt	O
let	O
you	O
use	O
it	O
at	O
all	O
I	O
use	O
the	O
old	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processer	I-aspectTerm
which	O
works	O
good	O
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
has	O
a	O
wonderful	O
nature	O
feel	O
.	O

They	O
went	O
through	O
asking	O
me	O
open	O
up	O
various	O
components	O
,	O
taking	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
out	O
,	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
apart	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
2	O
hours	O
on	O
phone	O
could	O
not	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

*	O
4	O
weeks	O
after	O
giving	O
the	O
computer	O
for	O
repair*-Annoyed	O
at	O
MacHouse	O
Amsterdam	O
,	O
decided	O
to	O
send	O
complaint	O
email	O
to	O
Apple	O
.	O

While	O
there	O
are	O
occasions	O
that	O
my	O
computer	O
will	O
freeze	O
or	O
will	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
manually	O
shut	O
down	O
,	O
this	O
occurs	O
far	O
less	O
frequently	O
than	O
on	O
PC	O
computers	O
and	O
laptops	O
that	O
I	O
've	O
used	O
.	O

Bought	O
with	O
a	O
credit	O
card	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
last	O
long	O
but	O
I	O
'm	O
sure	O
an	O
upgrade	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
would	O
solve	O
that	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
looking	O
too	O
closely	O
at	O
the	O
other	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
specs	I-aspectTerm
and	O
while	O
comparing	O
,	O
I	O
took	O
it	O
for	O
granted	O
that	O
these	O
features	B-aspectTerm
were	O
standard	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
research	O
and	O
ended	O
up	O
thinking	O
this	O
Toshiba	O
was	O
the	O
best	O
one	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

"	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
it	O
now	O
about	O
2	O
months	O
and	O
absolutely	O
LOVE	O
IT	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
no	O
idea	O
how	O
this	O
could	O
have	O
even	O
gotten	O
past	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
control	I-aspectTerm
during	O
production	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
last	O
week	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
very	O
next	O
day	O
had	O
to	O
return	O
it	O
because	O
it	O
over	O
heated	O
and	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
stopped	O
responding	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
so	O
happy	O
to	O
have	O
purchased	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

Oh	O
yea	O
,	O
has	O
no	O
numeric	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
side	O
.	O

The	O
cover	B-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
DVD	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
soon	O
came	O
off	O
,	O
too	O
--	O
a	O
mark	O
of	O
poor	O
construction	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
returned	O
the	O
2nd	O
laptop	O
for	O
a	O
full	O
refund	O
.	O

really	O
no	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
hand	O
me	O
down	O
computers	O
I	O
received	O
from	O
my	O
children	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
not	O
take	O
the	O
class	O
and	O
wish	O
that	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
.	O

It	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
load	O
on	O
long	O
trips	O
where	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
walking	O
is	O
required	O
.	O

But	O
the	O
arm	B-aspectTerm
velcro	I-aspectTerm
is	O
torn	O
after	O
one	O
use	O
.	O

Not	O
good	O
for	O
a	O
person	O
who	O
gets	O
online	O
daily	O
.	O

The	O
laptop	O
was	O
returned	O
but	O
audio	O
issue	O
was	O
not	O
fixed	O
.	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
even	O
remember	O
how	O
I	O
finally	O
got	O
it	O
taken	O
care	O
of	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
was	O
done	O
with	O
Sony	O
after	O
that	O
!	O

So	O
it	O
was	O
only	O
about	O
2	O
weeks	O
ago	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
love	O
this	O
lap	O
top	O
,	O
I	O
just	O
wish	O
it	O
were	O
all	O
silver	O
or	O
they	O
had	O
all	O
black	O
.	O

The	O
software	B-aspectTerm
is	O
amazing	O
.	O

We	O
carry	O
the	O
netbook	O
around	O
here	O
and	O
there	O
,	O
hence	O
it	O
's	O
kinda	O
of	O
irritating	O
when	O
the	O
LCD	B-aspectTerm
just	O
"	O
slide	O
"	O
downwards	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
nothing	O
better	O
.	O

I	O
now	O
own	O
another	O
Hewlitt	O
Packard	O
.	O

The	O
2	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
is	O
plenty	O
,	O
able	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
and	O
at	O
least	O
2	O
or	O
3	O
other	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
with	O
next	O
to	O
no	O
slowdown	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
amazing	O
,	O
the	O
versitility	B-aspectTerm
is	O
outstanding	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
known	O
as	O
Safari	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
doing	O
any	O
website	O
work	O
,	O
you	O
should	O
know	O
that	O
many	O
hosting	O
companies	O
do	O
not	O
support	O
it	O
.	O

Vista	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
nightmare	O
.	O

i	O
spent	O
eight	O
hundred	O
dollars	O
from	O
a	O
giant	O
paper	O
weight	O
that	O
looks	O
good	O
on	O
a	O
bus	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
used	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
others	O
on	O
the	O
job	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

The	O
program	B-aspectTerm
came	O
with	O
the	O
computer	O
and	O
works	O
beautifully	O
.	O

Posted	O
Nov	O
8	O
,	O
2010	O
-	O
Two	O
weeks	O
ago	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
notebook	O
.	O

Acer	O
wo	O
n't	O
replace	O
the	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
also	O
upset	O
with	O
CR	O
for	O
giving	O
a	O
good	O
rating	O
.	O

the	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
design	I-aspectTerm
forced	O
you	O
to	O
place	O
various	O
connections	O
all	O
around	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
left	O
right	O
and	O
front	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
owned	O
macbook	O
pros	O
since	O
2005	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
yet	O
!	O

I	O
was	O
loving	O
this	O
Netbook	O
because	O
it	O
had	O
an	O
amazing	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
display	B-aspectTerm
and	O
was	O
small	O
and	O
light	O
,	O
but	O
after	O
1	O
week	O
it	O
stopped	O
openning	O
web	O
pages	O
for	O
me	O
(	O
even	O
after	O
installing	O
new	O
browsers	B-aspectTerm
)	O
then	O
eventually	O
it	O
just	O
started	O
giving	O
me	O
a	O
blue	O
screen	O
and	O
crashing	O
everytime	O
I	O
booted	O
it	O
.	O

Now	O
I	O
could	O
get	O
myself	O
a	O
cheap	O
computer	O
,	O
that	O
will	O
probably	O
work	O
a	O
whole	O
lot	O
better	O
!	O

I	O
would	O
definitely	O
not	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
using	O
a	O
PC	O
after	O
using	O
the	O
mac	O
.	O

The	O
So	O
called	O
laptop	O
Runs	B-aspectTerm
to	O
Slow	O
and	O
I	O
hate	O
it	O
!	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
laptop	O
I	O
've	O
owned	O
,	O
althougth	O
I	O
used	O
several	O
at	O
my	O
previous	O
job	O
.	O

Those	O
moments	O
in	O
thime	O
where	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
throw	O
something	O
against	O
the	O
wall	O
?	O
Yeah	O
,	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
throw	O
that	O
lap	O
top	O
out	O
the	O
window	O
and	O
light	O
it	O
on	O
fire	O
.	O

Charger	B-aspectTerm
seems	O
large	O
for	O
this	O
class	O
of	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
really	O
have	O
a	O
complaint	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
pretty	O
sure	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
newegg	O
's	O
fault	O
but	O
when	O
you	O
turn	O
on	O
a	O
computer	O
you	O
just	O
bought	O
you	O
want	O
it	O
to	O
at	O
least	O
get	O
to	O
desktop	O
.	O

Best	O
Buy	O
ended	O
up	O
junking	O
the	O
computer	O
and	O
giving	O
me	O
a	O
replacement	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
dislike	O
the	O
quality	O
and	O
the	O
placement	O
of	O
the	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
graphics	I-aspectTerm
and	O
clarity	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
sharpness	B-aspectTerm
are	O
great	O
.	O

If	O
I	O
have	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
any	O
of	O
my	O
apple	O
items	O
I	O
make	O
an	O
appointment	O
at	O
one	O
of	O
my	O
local	O
stores	O
and	O
they	O
work	O
on	O
correcting	O
it	O
right	O
there	O
.	O

So	O
I	O
called	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
(	O
which	O
is	O
good	O
too	O
)	O
and	O
they	O
went	O
through	O
it	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
just	O
a	O
safety	B-aspectTerm
feature	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
affect	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
at	O
all	O
,	O
I	O
just	O
chose	O
to	O
hide	O
the	O
message	O
.	O

I	O
claim	O
that	O
this	O
has	O
no	O
value	O
to	O
me	O
,	O
the	O
laptop	O
was	O
new	O
anyway	O
.	O

Enough	O
said	O
.	O

Not	O
working	O
=	O
bad	O

i	O
would	O
really	O
recommend	O
to	O
any	O
person	O
out	O
there	O
to	O
get	O
this	O
laptop	O
cause	O
its	O
really	O
worth	O
it	O
.	O

Otherwise	O
this	O
little	O
notebook	O
has	O
met	O
all	O
my	O
expectations	O
.	O

My	O
son	O
said	O
it	O
popped	O
up	O
and	O
he	O
clicked	O
update	O
.	O

I	O
lost	O
two	O
items	O
I	O
was	O
working	O
on	O
until	O
I	O
figured	O
out	O
what	O
was	O
happening	O
.	O

The	O
unibody	B-aspectTerm
design	I-aspectTerm
is	O
edgy	O
and	O
durable	O
.	O

STOPPED	O
BOOTING	B-aspectTerm
UP	I-aspectTerm
less	O
than	O
a	O
week	O
after	O
my	O
one	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
year	I-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
was	O
up	O
.	O

But	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
this	O
is	O
a	O
winner	O
.	O

Let	O
me	O
tell	O
you	O
,	O
this	O
machine	O
is	O
great	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
used	O
a	O
computer	O
at	O
work	O
but	O
having	O
your	O
own	O
personal	O
laptop	O
is	O
AWSOME	O
!	O

Later	O
it	O
held	O
zero	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
and	O
its	O
replacement	O
worked	O
for	O
less	O
than	O
three	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
second	O
issue	O
I	O
had	O
with	O
it	O
occured	O
a	O
month	O
later	O
and	O
it	O
kept	O
overheating	O
,	O
even	O
if	O
on	O
for	O
less	O
than	O
an	O
hour	O
!	O

Also	O
,	O
the	O
battery	O
does	B-aspectTerm
not	O
last	O
very	O
long	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Good	O
luck	O
with	O
your	O
purchase	O
options	O
.	O

Buy	O
this	O
if	O
you	O
like	O
being	O
tortured	O
,	O
teased	O
,	O
frustrated	O
and	O
wasting	O
twice	O
as	O
much	O
time	O
as	O
you	O
spent	O
using	O
your	O
old	O
Mac	O
.	O

Very	O
disappointed	O
!	O

They	O
are	O
asking	O
me	O
to	O
ship	O
the	O
unit	O
back	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
at	O
their	O
site	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
it	O
from	O
HSN	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
"	O
bundled	O
"	O
with	O
extra	O
software	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
as	O
it	O
turns	O
out	O
,	O
that	O
software	B-aspectTerm
just	O
crashes	O
it	O
more	O
often	O
.....	O

I	O
looked	O
around	O
and	O
based	O
off	O
my	O
price	B-aspectTerm
/	O
features	B-aspectTerm
comparison	O
from	O
a	O
brand	O
I	O
trusted	O
I	O
landed	O
here	O
.	O

I	O
constantly	O
had	O
to	O
send	O
my	O
laptop	O
in	O
for	O
services	O
every	B-aspectTerm
3	O
months	O
and	O
it	O
always	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
that	O
they	O
said	O
they	O
had	O
already	O
fixed	O
.	O

Strong	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
in	O
this	O
device	O
makes	O
use	B-aspectTerm
of	O
fun	O
and	O
a	O
strong	O
sense	O
of	O
the	O
era	O
of	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
This	O
device	O
serves	O
all	O
modern	O
requirements	O
is	O
a	O
very	O
strong	O
game	O
and	O
is	O
very	O
useful	O
for	O
designers	O
.	O

Unless	O
you	O
need	O
the	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
3	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
sorly	O
disapointed	O
to	O
discover	O
that	O
HP	O
(	O
what	O
I	O
thought	O
was	O
a	O
reputable	O
company	O
)	O
would	O
n't	O
honor	O
the	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
when	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
blade	I-aspectTerm
fell	O
apart	O
.	O

That	O
is	O
pretty	O
sad	O
when	O
they	O
name	O
them	O
specifically	O
.	O

More	O
times	O
that	O
not	O
the	O
screen	O
pops	O
up	O
saying	O
I	O
have	O
a	O
bad	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
connection	I-aspectTerm
,	O
or	O
the	O
page	O
ca	O
n't	O
be	O
displayed	O
.	O

No	O
viruses	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
everything	O
that	O
I	O
would	O
want	O
in	O
a	O
computer	O
.	O

Do	O
yourself	O
a	O
favor	O
and	O
invest	O
in	O
a	O
few	O
external	B-aspectTerm
harddrives	I-aspectTerm
if	O
you	O
are	O
planning	O
on	O
purchasing	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
If	O
I	O
sound	O
enthusiastic	O
about	O
this	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
!	O

You	O
will	O
fall	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
it	O
in	O
no	O
time	O
.	O

i	O
give	O
this	O
laptop	O
a	O
five	O
star	O
review	O
i	O
love	O
it	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
done	O
chams	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

They	O
removed	O
them	O
and	O
returned	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
understand	O
why	O
only	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
is	O
included	O
.	O

On	O
3	O
July	O
2004	O
,	O
I	O
purcased	O
this	O
model	O
at	O
Best	O
Buy	O
for	O
about	O
$	O
150	O

I	O
went	O
with	O
him	O
and	O
we	O
picked	O
this	O
one	O
.	O

While	O
most	O
people	O
say	O
that	O
PCs	O
hold	O
functionality	B-aspectTerm
and	O
value	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Macs	O
are	O
just	O
pretty	O
to	O
look	B-aspectTerm
at	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
there	O
's	O
something	O
to	O
be	O
said	O
about	O
the	O
simplicity	B-aspectTerm
of	O
Macs	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
second	O
MACBOOK	O
PRO	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
better	O
than	O
ever	O
.	O

My	O
macbook	O
is	O
so	O
much	O
better	O
looking	B-aspectTerm
and	O
so	O
thin	O
!	O

The	O
notebook	O
would	O
not	O
turn	O
back	O
on	O
again	O
.	O

The	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
is	O
wonderful	O
.	O

This	O
system	O
came	O
loaded	O
with	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
.	O

-When	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
went	O
to	O
4	O
hours	O
or	O
less	O
,	O
took	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
MacHouse	O
Amsterdam	O
for	O
repair	O
(	O
26th	O
of	O
August	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
gets	O
so	O
HOT	O
it	O
is	O
scary	O
.	O

Best	O
thing	O
is	O
I	O
can	O
use	O
existing	O
32	O
bit	O
old	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
nice	O
to	O
look	B-aspectTerm
at	O
and	O
the	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
are	O
easy	O
to	O
type	O
with	O
.	O

The	O
apple	O
macbook	O
pro	O
nothing	O
to	O
say	O
butprofessionally	O
great	O
and	O
outstanding	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
also	O
very	O
energy	O
efficient	O
,	O
running	O
on	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
the	O
power	O
it	O
takes	O
to	O
run	O
a	O
60	O
Watt	O
lightbulb	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
forever	O
changed	O
and	O
will	O
no	O
longer	O
buy	O
a	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
based	O
machine	O
for	O
personal	O
use	O
.	O

Mom	O
,	O
Dad	O
,	O
Brother	O
,	O
sister	O
,	O
You	O
name	O
it	O
!	O

but	O
it	O
came	O
back	O
in	O
even	O
worse	O
shape	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
would	O
change	O
about	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
keys	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
absolutely	O
horrible	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
despite	O
all	O
its	O
so	O
called	O
advanced	O
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Before	O
,	O
I	O
reloaded	O
with	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Ultimate	I-aspectTerm
and	O
used	O
only	O
the	O
downloaded	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
from	O
Acer	O
's	O
site	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
to	O
keep	O
turning	O
it	O
until	O
it	O
decides	O
to	O
lower	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
mute	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
still	O
beautiful	O
and	O
has	O
better	O
color	B-aspectTerm
reproduction	I-aspectTerm
than	O
I	O
could	O
ever	O
expect	O
from	O
a	O
notebook	O
.	O

After	O
that	O
I	O
turned	O
to	O
email	O
in	O
my	O
next	O
vain	O
help	O
to	O
get	O
them	O
to	O
acknowledge	O
that	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
was	O
still	O
valid	O
.	O

So	O
far	O
,	O
a	O
great	O
product	O
.	O

He	O
loves	O
it	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
well	O
the	O
schools	O
start	O
teaching	O
the	O
kids	O
early	O
about	O
computers	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
easy	O
for	O
him	O
to	O
get	O
started	O
.	O

u	O
can	O
do	O
what	O
u	O
want	O
in	O
just	O
few	O
seconds	O
,	O
even	O
to	O
start	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
your	O
computer	O
takes	O
few	O
seconds	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
the	O
most	O
wonderful	O
thing	O
in	O
the	O
entire	O
world	O
.	O

So	O
I	O
'd	O
pop	O
them	O
off	O
to	O
see	O
what	O
the	O
problem	O
was	O
,	O
well	O
guess	O
what	O
?	O
The	O
darn	O
thing	O
would	O
n't	O
go	O
back	O
on	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
macbooks	O
come	O
with	O
much	O
more	O
features	B-aspectTerm
which	O
are	O
so	O
cool	O
!	O

They	O
sent	O
out	O
a	O
Sony	B-aspectTerm
'	I-aspectTerm
Certified	I-aspectTerm
'	I-aspectTerm
technician	I-aspectTerm
.	O

They	O
have	O
developed	O
excellent	O
proprietary	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
for	O
editing	O
video	O
and	O
pictures	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
looking	O
forward	O
to	O
utilizing	O
these	O
tools	O
on	O
the	O
regular	O
.	O

Getting	O
the	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
Care	I-aspectTerm
plan	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
must	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
saved	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
and	O
headaches	O
so	O
far	O
,	O
using	O
my	O
new	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

overall	O
i	O
would	O
recomend	O
this	O
to	O
anybody	O
and	O
tell	O
them	O
that	O
if	O
they	O
want	O
to	O
burn	O
their	O
music	O
or	O
play	O
there	O
video	B-aspectTerm
games	I-aspectTerm
to	O
buy	O
the	O
cd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

-Apple	O
offers	O
to	O
send	O
replacement	O
and	O
after	O
10	O
days	O
I	O
send	O
them	O
the	O
old	O
computer	O
.	O

So	O
far	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
no	O
complaints	O
.	O

His	O
was	O
worth	O
$	O
36	O
.	O

NOW	O
AM	O
VERY	O
APREHENSIVE	O
ABOUT	O
TOSHIBA	O
LAPTOPS	O
.	O

I	O
spent	O
2200	O
dollars	O
on	O
a	O
"	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
line	O
laptop	O
"	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
own	O
an	O
HP	O
notebook	O
and	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
even	O
come	O
close	O
.	O

Our	O
Apple	O
13.3	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
Notebook	O
Computer	O
(	O
Z0J80001	O
)	O
Notebook	O
and	O
has	O
become	O
such	O
an	O
integral	O
part	O
of	O
completing	O
our	O
daily	O
needs	O
and	O
social	O
networking	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
constantly	O
trying	O
to	O
uninstall	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
,	O
clean	O
cookies	O
,	O
and	O
delete	O
unused	O
files	O
.	O

The	O
dv4	O
boasted	O
a	O
faster	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
,	O
more	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
a	O
bigger	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
than	O
my	O
old	O
computer	O
,	O
plus	O
a	O
better	O
quality	O
web	B-aspectTerm
cam	I-aspectTerm
,	O
nicer	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
many	O
other	O
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
only	O
downfall	O
is	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
only	O
last	O
1.5	O
-	O
2.0	O
hrs	O
when	O
not	O
plugged	O
in	O
.	O

The	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
on	O
this	O
computer	O
are	O
also	O
stellar	O
-	O
very	O
clear	O
and	O
vivid	O
.	O

Aside	O
from	O
the	O
trial	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
short	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
,	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
,	O
its	O
great	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
die	O
-	O
hard	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
enthusiast	O
,	O
I	O
shunned	O
the	O
idea	O
of	O
a	O
Mac	O
until	O
this	O
point	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
that	O
if	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
again	O
so	O
soon	O
that	O
they	O
should	O
replace	O
it	O
.	O

if	O
this	O
computer	O
every	O
breaks	O
down	O
on	O
me	O
i	O
will	O
most	O
definatly	O
get	O
the	O
same	O
one	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
a	O
MacBook	O
Notebook	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
had	O
absolutely	O
no	O
protection	O
from	O
viruses	O
,	O
spyware	O
,	O
malware	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
loads	B-aspectTerm
in	O
about	O
a	O
1/10th	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
that	O
my	O
PC	O
did	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
were	O
on	O
my	O
PC	O
.	O

I	O
made	O
the	O
right	O
decision	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
past	O
few	O
years	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
terrible	O
experiences	O
with	O
HP	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
ok	O
.	O

Graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
clean	O
and	O
sharp	O
,	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
interfaces	I-aspectTerm
are	O
seamless	O
.	O

The	O
newer	O
black	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
took	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
previous	O
gray	O
one	O
which	O
looked	O
really	O
slick	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
still	O
a	O
great	O
notebook	O
!	O

Sony	O
parts	O
reliability	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
service	B-aspectTerm
is	O
recenlty	O
the	O
worst	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
very	O
Happy	O
!	O

As	O
with	O
any	O
laptop	O
not	O
purchased	O
with	O
software	B-aspectTerm
options	I-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
what	O
I	O
consider	O
useless	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Its	O
Office	B-aspectTerm
compatible	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
its	O
functioning	B-aspectTerm
is	O
all	O
new	O
again	O
so	O
you	O
might	O
as	O
well	O
save	O
the	O
money	O
and	O
just	O
learn	O
the	O
pre	O
installed	O
mac	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
occassionaly	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
work	O
via	O
VPN	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
not	O
given	O
me	O
any	O
problems	O
.	O

I	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
AND	O
THEY	O
LOST	O
IT	O
.	O

It	O
just	O
works	B-aspectTerm
flawlessly	O
!	O

Do	O
you	O
think	O
I	O
purposely	O
"	O
destroy	O
"	O
my	O
netbook	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
demand	O
a	O
new	O
set	O
?	O
Do	O
you	O
think	O
it	O
's	O
fun	O
to	O
take	O
public	O
transport	O
all	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
the	O
service	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
and	O
get	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
satisfactory	O
solution	O
?	O
Or	O
rather	O
NO	O
solution	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
having	O
the	O
laptop	O
returned	O
unrepaired	O
since	O
paying	O
$	O
176	O
every	O
3	O
months	O
just	O
is	O
n't	O
worth	O
it	O
(	O
that	O
's	O
about	O
how	O
long	O
the	O
port	O
seems	O
to	O
last	O
)	O
.	O

Ok	O
first	O
.	O

So	O
if	O
you	O
move	O
laptop	O
a	O
lot	O
,	O
it	O
might	O
get	O
loose	O
,	O
however	O
it	O
sits	O
pretty	O
tightly	O
.	O

another	O
satisfied	O
customer	O
.	O

also	O
the	O
battery	O
is	B-aspectTerm
completely	O
shot	O
.	O

Highly	O
recommended	O
!	O

/	O
awesome	O
cooling	B-aspectTerm
system/	I-aspectTerm
much	O
better	O
grafics	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
(	O
ATI	O
5870	O
)	O
/	O
8	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
RAM/	I-aspectTerm
LED	B-aspectTerm
backlit	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
...	O

The	O
biggest	O
problem	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
box	O
had	O
no	O
instructions	B-aspectTerm
in	O
it	O
.	O

But	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
weeks	O
,	O
the	O
overall	O
operation	B-aspectTerm
is	O
poor	O
.	O

Will	O
not	O
buy	O
another	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
my	O
second	O
,	O
not	O
happy	O
w/	O
either	O
.	O

Compared	O
to	O
similarly	O
spec'd	O
PCs	O
,	O
this	O
machine	O
is	O
good	O
value	B-aspectTerm
,	O
well	O
built	B-aspectTerm
and	O
works	B-aspectTerm
easily	O
right	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
.	O

The	O
cool	O
thing	O
about	O
the	O
Mac	O
Book	O
was	O
that	O
I	O
went	O
on	O
my	O
honeymoon	O
and	O
shot	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
pictures	O
and	O
movies	O
with	O
my	O
iPhone	O
,	O
then	O
I	O
came	O
back	O
and	O
put	O
them	O
onto	O
my	O
Macbook	O
and	O
made	O
a	O
pretty	O
good	O
DVD	O
movie	O
with	O
all	O
the	O
pictures	O
and	O
videos	O
from	O
my	O
trip	O
.	O

for	O
two	O
months	O
,	O
when	O
YOU	O
GUESSED	O
IT	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
my	O
first	O
MacBook	O
purchase	O
ever	O
.	O

Screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
crystal	O
clear	O
and	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
responsive	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
stack	O
it	O
up	O
against	O
laptops	O
that	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
twice	O
as	O
much	O
any	O
day	O
.	O

Quite	O
simply	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
laptop	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
owned	O
.	O

Or	O
the	O
cursor	B-aspectTerm
would	O
show	O
up	O
some	O
place	O
else	O
.	O

The	O
newer	O
MacBook	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
purchased	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
best	O
computers	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
some	O
excellent	O
computer	O
and	O
have	O
found	O
I	O
had	O
no	O
idea	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
with	O
them	O

As	O
it	O
turns	O
out	O
,	O
I	O
just	O
did	O
n't	O
know	O
any	O
better	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
friends	O
with	O
Acers	O
who	O
seem	O
to	O
have	O
had	O
similar	O
or	O
exact	O
same	O
problems	O
.	O

What	O
can	O
I	O
say	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
operate	B-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
have	O
already	O
ordered	O
more	O
software	B-aspectTerm
and	O
gadgets	B-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
new	O
Rolls	O
Royce	O
of	O
laptops	O
.	O

What	O
's	O
also	O
interesting	O
is	O
this	O
survey	O
changed	O
my	O
ratings	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
I	O
submitted	O
it	O
in	O
case	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
keep	O
what	O
I	O
put	O
here	O
are	O
my	O
aratings	O

it	O
might	O
be	O
something	O
deep	O
within	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
,	O
for	O
I	O
was	O
unable	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
disk	B-aspectTerm
image	I-aspectTerm
on	O
my	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
a	O
toshiba	O
for	O
10	O
years	O
.	O

The	O
track	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
to	O
me	O
is	O
what	O
really	O
stands	O
out	O
though	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
do	O
several	O
different	O
things	O
with	O
it	O
just	O
depending	O
on	O
how	O
many	O
fingers	O
you	O
use	O
on	O
the	O
track	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
,	O
awesome	O
thinking	O
Apple	O
!	O

Now	O
I	O
had	O
not	O
tried	O
to	O
use	O
this	O
since	O
the	O
disc	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
had	I-aspectTerm
been	O
replaced	O
and	O
after	O
taking	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
Geek	O
Squad	O
I	O
found	O
out	O
they	O
had	O
accidently	O
not	O
used	O
the	O
right	O
drive	O
when	B-aspectTerm
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
first	O
one	O
,	O
so	O
back	O
it	O
went	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
correct	O
drive	O
.	B-aspectTerm

First	O
,	O
you	O
ll	O
discover	O
that	O
the	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
known	O
as	O
Appleworks	O
rarely	O
translates	O
perfectly	O
on	O
anyone	O
else	O
s	O
computer	O
,	O
if	O
it	O
translates	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

she	O
ca	O
n't	O
tell	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
it	O
and	O
her	O
regular	O
desktop	O
system	O
.	O

With	O
in	O
weeks	O
of	O
purchasing	O
my	O
computer	O
is	O
began	O
to	O
slow	O
down	O
.	O

It	O
does	O
n't	O
bother	O
me	O
though	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
this	O
laptop	O
for	O
about	O
a	O
month	O
now	O
.	O

I	O
already	O
have	O
a	O
HP	O
laptop	O
I	O
bought	O
last	O
year	O
that	O
's	O
standard	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
okay	O
for	O
over	O
a	O
week	O
before	O
the	O
blue	O
screens	O
started	O
occuring	O
again	O
.	O

English	O
must	O
have	O
been	O
his	O
third	O
or	O
fourth	O
language	O
.	O

Battery	B-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
upgradable	O
to	O
a	O
longer	O
life	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
just	O
ONE	O
of	O
the	O
million	O
customers	O
.	O

it	O
has	O
times	O
were	O
it	O
freezes	O
for	O
10	O
seconds	O
and	O
then	O
starts	O
again	O
.	O

apple	O
has	O
a	O
reputation	O
and	O
is	O
well	O
known	O
for	O
its	O
easy	O
usage	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Returned	O
laptop	O
for	O
a	O
3rd	O
repair	O
and	O
it	O
came	O
back	O
with	O
previous	O
problems	O
fixed	O
(	O
except	O
for	O
speaker	B-aspectTerm
grill	I-aspectTerm
)	O
but	O
the	O
unit	O
started	O
locking	O
up	O
during	O
use	O
and	O
eventually	O
would	O
not	O
operate	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
plug	O
this	O
into	O
my	O
22	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
Monitor	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
speedy	O
MacOSX	B-aspectTerm
performs	O
just	O
as	O
well	O
on	O
this	O
dual	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
core	I-aspectTerm
that	O
my	O
Dell	O
did	O
with	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
with	O
a	O
quad	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
core	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Love	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
,	O
awesome	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
(	O
including	O
Garageband	B-aspectTerm
)	O
,	O
and	O
really	O
cool	O
default	B-aspectTerm
background	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
:	O
If	O
you	O
ca	O
nt	O
see	O
yourself	O
spending	O
the	O
extra	O
money	O
to	O
jump	O
up	O
to	O
a	O
Mac	O
the	O
beautiful	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
responsive	O
island	B-aspectTerm
backlit	I-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
fun	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
is	O
worth	O
the	O
extra	O
money	O
to	O
me	O
alone	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
taking	O
back	O
today	O
.	O

My	O
parents	O
bought	O
it	O
for	O
me	O
as	O
a	O
graduation	O
gift	O
,	O
and	O
i	O
'm	O
totally	O
(	O
almost	O
kind	O
of	O
maybe	O
definitely	O
)	O
obsessed	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
MacBook	O
is	O
way	O
too	O
overpriced	O
for	O
something	O
so	O
simple	O
and	O
chaotic	O
.	O

-Complied	O
to	O
their	O
protocol	O
,	O
called	O
number	O
,	O
made	O
"	O
case	O
"	O
,	O
got	O
an	O
email	O
address	O
to	O
send	O
complaint	O
.	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
takes	O
some	O
getting	O
used	O
to	O
especially	O
after	O
being	O
a	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
user	O
for	O
so	O
long	O
but	O
the	O
learning	O
curve	O
is	O
so	O
worth	O
it	O
!	O

It	O
quit	O
working	O
within	O
a	O
weeks	O
time	O
.	O

but	O
after	O
i	O
got	O
used	O
to	O
it	O
i	O
love	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
purchased	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
to	O
go	O
with	O
it	O
which	O
has	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
for	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
spreadsheets	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
presentations	B-aspectTerm
(	O
similar	O
to	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

After	O
4	O
days	O
,	O
being	O
denied	O
6	O
times	O
and	O
told	O
off	O
once	O
,	O
I	O
managed	O
to	O
get	O
through	O
and	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
send	O
them	O
a	O
scanned	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
receipt	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
I	O
experienced	O
a	O
huge	O
change	O
in	O
that	O
my	O
mac	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
pretty	O
fast	O
compared	O
to	O
my	O
old	O
PC	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
got	O
the	O
computer	O
back	O
and	O
realizwed	O
it	O
still	O
was	O
not	O
correct	O
HP	O
told	O
me	O
it	O
was	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
now	O
it	O
was	O
my	O
problem	O
.	O

It	O
also	O
came	O
with	O
a	O
built	B-aspectTerm
it	I-aspectTerm
web	I-aspectTerm
cam	I-aspectTerm
which	O
is	O
great	O
because	O
I	O
can	O
see	O
an	O
communicate	O
with	O
my	O
family	O
members	O
back	O
home	O
.	O

Good	O
monitor	B-aspectTerm
and	O
performed	B-aspectTerm
well	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
closed	O
at	O
9	O
pm	O
eastern	O
.	O

In	O
those	O
three	O
years	O
,	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
minor	O
problems	O
and	O
both	O
were	O
resolved	O
by	O
Apple	O
quickly	O
and	O
easily	O
.	O

Although	O
my	O
model	O
was	O
listed	O
as	O
recalled	O
,	O
HP	O
denied	O
my	O
claim	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
secure	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
a	O
little	O
weary	O
at	O
purchasing	O
another	O
13	O
"	O
macbook	O
almost	O
2	O
years	O
later	O
but	O
t	O
looks	O
like	O
the	O
newer	O
macbooks	O
have	O
gotten	O
its	O
current	O
line	O
of	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
cards	I-aspectTerm
in	O
order	O
this	O
time	O
around	O
.	O

The	O
machine	O
has	O
a	O
bluray	B-aspectTerm
player	I-aspectTerm
the	O
book	B-aspectTerm
has	O
no	O
mention	O
of	O
it	O
or	O
how	O
to	O
connect	O
it	O
to	O
your	O
HDTV	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
loyal	O
to	O
Apple	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
by	O
far	O
the	O
easiest	O
systems	B-aspectTerm
to	O
actually	O
learn	O
about	O
computers	O
with	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
be	O
patient	O
for	O
few	O
months	O
.	O

this	O
apple	O
navigates	O
you	O
thru	O
the	O
unexplored	O
world	O
of	O
the	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
was	O
purchased	O
for	O
my	O
daughter	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
pleasantly	O
surprised	O
.	O

Finally	O
set	O
the	O
unit	O
back	O
to	O
HP	O
after	O
a	O
month	O
of	O
hell	O
.	O

I	O
could	O
n't	O
afford	O
a	O
new	O
mac	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
bought	O
a	O
PC	O
instead	O
.	O

The	O
video	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
for	O
media	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
above	O
average	O
for	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
not	O
a	O
gamers	O
first	O
choice	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
always	O
getting	O
froze	O
up	O
.	O

my	O
information	O
was	O
all	O
lost	O
(	O
my	O
fault	O
,	O
I	O
know	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
never	O
thought	O
I	O
would	O
need	O
to	O
back	O
up	O
my	O
information	O
on	O
a	O
brand	O
new	O
Mac	O
,	O
the	O
paragon	O
of	O
all	O
computers	O
!	O

But	O
no	O
one	O
could	O
tell	O
me	O
when	O
my	O
part	O
would	O
be	O
shipped	O
nor	O
could	O
they	O
tell	O
me	O
where	O
to	O
buy	O
it	O
ON	O
THEIR	O
WEBSITE	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

I	O
got	O
the	O
blue	O
screen	O
of	O
death	O
the	O
first	O
month	O
I	O
got	O
it	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
third	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
in	O
our	O
family	O
.	O

Apple	O
continues	O
to	O
shine	O
and	O
provide	O
a	O
much	O
more	O
enjoyable	O
computer	O
experience	O
!	O

I	O
had	O
of	O
course	O
bought	O
a	O
3	B-aspectTerm
year	I-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
,	O
so	O
I	O
sent	O
it	O
in	O
to	O
be	O
replaced	O
and	O
(	O
almost	O
2	O
months	O
later	O
)	O
the	O
dv4	O
is	O
what	O
the	O
sent	O
me	O
as	O
a	O
replacement	O
.	O

Apparently	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
manufacturing	O
defect	O
,	O
something	O
with	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
thermal	B-aspectTerm
paste	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Despite	O
the	O
claims	O
of	O
the	O
Apple	O
apologists	O
(	O
a	O
vice	O
of	O
which	O
I	O
am	O
recently	O
myself	O
reformed	O
)	O
the	O
internals	B-aspectTerm
of	O
Mac	O
laptops	O
are	O
NO	O
different	O
from	O
PCs	O
'	O
at	O
this	O
point	O
.	O

Took	O
several	O
hours	O
with	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
before	O
I	O
could	O
even	O
start	O
the	O
PC	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
.	O

Asus	O
facial	B-aspectTerm
recognition	I-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
work	O
and	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
logon	I-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
either	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
Vista	I-aspectTerm
makes	O
this	O
computer	O
almost	O
unusable	O
for	O
online	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
contacted	O
Acer	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
giving	O
me	O
FREE	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
DVDs	I-aspectTerm
,	O
so	O
do	O
n't	O
go	O
and	O
pay	O
for	O
them	O
,	O
just	O
ask	O
for	O
them	O
and	O
they	O
should	O
give	O
them	O
to	O
you	O
.	O

Now	O
when	O
I	O
order	O
I	O
did	O
not	O
go	O
full	O
scale	O
for	O
the	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
or	O
full	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
I	O
wanted	O
something	O
for	O
basics	O
of	O
being	O
easy	O
to	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
when	O
I	O
use	O
crutchs	O
or	O
wheelchair	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
backpack	O
laptop	O
bag	O
.	O

Can	O
listen	O
to	O
my	O
music	O
and	O
watch	O
my	O
videos	O
with	O
ease	O
and	O
with	O
a	O
great	O
display	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Otherwise	O
,	O
all	O
other	O
features	B-aspectTerm
are	O
a	O
1	O

So	O
in	O
late	O
March	O
,	O
early	O
April	O
2009	O
I	O
was	O
without	O
it	O
again	O
for	O
a	O
couple	O
weeks	O
while	O
I	O
had	O
online	O
courses	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
complete	O
and	O
my	O
fiance	O
was	O
in	O
Afghanistan	O
and	O
web	O
conferencing	O
was	O
the	O
best	O
communication	O
method	O
we	O
had	O
.	O

The	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
is	O
awesome	O
.	O

I	O
pondered	O
very	O
long	O
over	O
this	O
decision	O
.	O

This	O
thing	O
sucks	O
!	O

I	O
Love	O
my	O
new	O
computer	O
!	O

Okay	O
,	O
let	O
's	O
just	O
start	O
out	O
by	O
saying	O
I	O
am	O
in	O
no	O
way	O
a	O
computer	O
techy	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
Waste	O
of	O
money	O
from	O
day	O
one	O
!	O

I	O
'm	O
new	O
-	O
just	O
switched	O
from	O
years	O
of	O
PC	O
frustration	O
.	O

So	O
I	O
got	O
another	O
netbook	O
which	O
I	O
love	O
!	O

But	O
in	O
fact	O
it	O
is	O
totally	O
the	O
opposite	O
.	O

The	O
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
beyond	O
horrible	O
.	O

He	O
LEFT	O
ME	O
,	O
instructions	O
on	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
when	O
this	O
comes	O
up	O
,	O
or	O
that	O
comes	O
up	O
......	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
joke	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
hardly	O
any	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
computer	O
's	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Actually	O
,	O
I	O
had	O
noticed	O
the	O
one	O
on	O
the	O
sales	O
floor	O
also	O
did	O
n't	O
have	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
!	O

I	O
started	O
hainv	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
month	O
.	O

Next	O
,	O
most	O
Acer	O
laptop	O
fans	B-aspectTerm
are	O
on	O
the	O
bottom	O
which	O
is	O
right	O
on	O
your	O
laptop	O
.	O

the	O
laptop	O
preformed	B-aspectTerm
pretty	O
well	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
honestly	O
afraid	O
that	O
it	O
will	O
burn	O
me	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
that	O
hot	O
!	O

But	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
see	O
it	O
as	O
a	O
problem	O
.	O

Numerous	O
problems	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
3	O
weeks	O
until	O
I	O
got	O
the	O
blue	O
screen	O
of	O
death	O
and	O
had	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
PC	O
back	O
to	O
HP	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
this	O
will	O
happen	O
to	O
any	O
new	O
version	O
of	O
computer	O
/	O
phone	O
released	O
and	O
I	O
need	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
the	O
next	O
set	O
of	O
updates	O
to	O
have	O
all	O
of	O
this	O
fixed	O
.	O

This	O
one	O
has	O
had	O
the	O
same	O
effect	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
a	O
game	O
player	O
it	O
works	O
with	O
World	O
Of	O
Warcraft	O
wonderfully	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
is	O
absolutely	O
AMAZING	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

So	O
buyer	O
beware	O
when	O
buying	O
Toshiba	O

I	O
found	O
this	O
laptop	O
on	O
sale	O
for	O
under	O
6000	O
at	O
Best	O
Buy	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
!	O

I	O
got	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
because	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
do	O
all	O
the	O
stuff	O
I	O
need	O
to	O
do	O
without	O
worrying	O
about	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
quitting	O
on	O
me	O
or	O
freezing	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
minutes	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
Apple	O
products	O
.	O

I	O
loved	O
the	O
netbook	O
(	O
minus	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
)	O
until	O
this	O
started	O
happening	O
.	O

The	O
minute	O
you	O
fire	O
it	O
up	O
it	O
's	O
all	O
good	O
,	O
very	O
easy	O
user	B-aspectTerm
interface	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
two	O
Toshiba	O
satellite	O
computers	O
and	O
while	O
they	O
are	O
okay	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
in	O
no	O
way	O
comparable	O
to	O
the	O
Mac	O
.	O

I	O
actually	O
contact	O
Toshiba	O
before	O
I	O
started	O
having	O
problem	O
and	O
was	O
given	O
run	O
around	O
after	O
I	O
supplied	O
serial	O
number	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
delay	O
me	O
sending	O
in	O
laptop	O
until	O
after	O
warrenty	O
expired	B-aspectTerm
.	O

They	O
're	O
absolutely	O
useless	O
,	O
unless	O
you	O
count	O
the	O
joy	O
of	O
releasing	O
anger	O
while	O
smashing	O
into	O
little	O
peices	O
against	O
the	O
wall	O
.	O

was	O
a	O
great	O
deal	O
i	O
will	O
give	O
that	O
.	O

There	O
s	O
also	O
iDVD	B-aspectTerm
,	O
a	O
program	B-aspectTerm
dedicated	O
to	O
putting	O
all	O
your	O
favorite	O
media	O
together-	O
photos	O
,	O
recordings	O
,	O
video	O
projects	O
into	O
one	O
program	B-aspectTerm
so	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
create	O
the	O
perfect	O
memoir	O
for	O
your	O
parents	O
,	O
family	O
,	O
siblings	O
,	O
and	O
any	O
other	O
person	O
important	O
in	O
your	O
life	O
that	O
there	O
may	O
be	O
.	O

His	O
language	O
was	O
so	O
bad	O
I	O
swore	O
I	O
was	O
taking	O
the	O
turing	O
test	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
failing	O
.	O

After	O
replacing	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	O
(	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
use	O
)	O
which	O
was	O
frustrating	O
.	O

Was	O
this	O
product	O
worth	O
my	O
time	O
and	O
money	O
to	O
ever	O
want	O
to	O
purchase	O
another	O
products	O
that	O
is	O
toshiba	O
or	O
relating	O
to	O
toshiba	O
?	O
Probably	O
not	O
ever	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
used	O
PC	O
's	O
and	O
converting	O
to	O
this	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
was	O
easy	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
easy	O
to	O
see	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
It	O
works	B-aspectTerm
well	O
for	O
work	O
,	O
persoal	O
or	O
just	O
play	O
.	O

If	O
what	O
you	O
need	O
is	O
a	O
machine	O
to	O
do	O
some	O
surfing	B-aspectTerm
,	O
email	O
checking	O
,	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
watching	O
a	O
movie	O
or	O
two	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
machine	O
you	O
want	O
.	O

-Apparently	O
,	O
contactus@euro.apple.com	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
good	O
address	O
to	O
send	O
complaints	O
.	O

It	O
does	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
frills	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
need	O
any	O
,	O
and	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
buy	O
what	O
I	O
needed	O
,	O
and	O
not	O
more	O
than	O
I	O
needed	O
was	O
very	O
important	O
.	O

the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	O
buttons	B-aspectTerm
are	O
the	O
worst	O
i	O
've	O
ever	O
seen	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
sorry	O
that	O
I	O
purchased	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

Awesome	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
!	O

It	O
really	O
is	O
perfect	O
for	O
work	B-aspectTerm
and	O
play	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
pro	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
product	O
,	O
I	O
wish	O
that	O
the	O
13	O
inch	O
models	O
came	O
with	O
the	O
Intel	B-aspectTerm
i	I-aspectTerm
processors	I-aspectTerm
and	O
had	O
a	O
more	O
comfortable	O
edge	B-aspectTerm
(	O
the	O
edges	B-aspectTerm
hurt	O
my	O
wrists	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
a	O
college	O
student	O
and	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
very	O
useful	O
.	O

The	O
apple	O
MacBook	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
investment	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
made	O
.	O

My	O
sister	O
is	O
the	O
electronics	O
manager	O
at	O
Wal	O
Mart	O
and	O
she	O
says	O
that	O
HP	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
.	O

One	O
drawback	O
I	O
noticed	O
was	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
via	I-aspectTerm
USB	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
sucked	O
the	O
juice	O
from	O
my	O
laptop	O
and	O
when	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
battery	I-aspectTerm
went	O
out	O
we	O
were	O
SOL	O
there	O
to	O
,	O
so	O
much	O
for	O
that	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
covering	O
all	O
the	O
products	O
we	O
purchased	O
.	O

I	O
needed	O
a	O
new	O
computer	O
for	O
graduate	O
school	O
(	O
had	O
never	O
owned	O
a	O
laptop	O
before	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
only	O
reason	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
purchase	O
a	O
Mac	O
was	O
because	O
my	O
school	O
's	O
website	O
strongly	O
recommended	O
students	O
purchase	O
PCs	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
another	O
Mac	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
got	O
slow	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
older	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

If	O
you	O
have	O
the	O
money	O
I	O
suggest	O
going	O
for	O
the	O
i7	O
.	O

That	O
's	O
very	O
possible	O
,	O
but	O
since	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
make	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
drivers	I-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
in	O
this	O
machine	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
stuck	O
until	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
came	O
out	O
.	O

I'ts	O
nice	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
higher	O
-	O
end	O
laptops	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
fits	O
my	O
budget	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
I	O
need	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
very	O
heavy	O
.	O

Was	O
disappointed	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
that	O
the	O
model	O
had	O
been	O
discontinued	O
,	O
apparently	O
because	O
of	O
known	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
.	O

Well	O
,	O
I	O
started	O
using	O
Google	B-aspectTerm
Chrome	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
little	O
better	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
freezes	O
too	O
sometimes	O
.	O

Also	O
the	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
are	O
not	O
very	O
loud	O
,	O
But	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
netbook	O
.	O

LOVE	O
THIS	O
LAPTOP	O
WONDERFUL	O
PRICE	B-aspectTerm
FOR	O
WHAT	O
YOU	O
GET	O
!	O

But	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
they	O
(	O
the	O
company	O
)	O
would	O
not	O
and	O
could	O
not	O
do	O
anything	O
about	O
my	O
problem	O
.	O

Just	O
a	O
black	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
!	O

All	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
do	O
is	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
and	O
it	O
works	O
.	O

A	O
key	O
contributor	O
that	O
led	O
me	O
to	O
Mac	O
is	O
the	O
art	B-aspectTerm
aspect	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Eventually	O
my	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
would	O
n't	O
charge	O
,	O
so	O
unless	O
I	O
had	O
it	O
plugged	O
in	O
it	O
would	O
n't	O
even	O
power	O
on	O
.	O

Recently	O
there	O
are	O
a	O
few	O
incidents	O
that	O
annoy	O
the	O
hell	O
out	O
of	O
me	O
.	O

Save	O
your	O
money	O
and	O
go	O
for	O
a	O
better	O
device	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
been	O
a	O
PC	O
user	O
since	O
middle	O
school	O
,	O
but	O
in	O
my	O
mid	O
twenties	O
I	O
decided	O
to	O
convert	O
to	O
the	O
dark	O
side	O
,	O
or	O
should	O
I	O
say	O
the	O
brighter	O
side	O
of	O
life	O
.	O

Purchased	O
for	O
development	O
purposes	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
has	O
turned	O
into	O
my	O
everyday	O
laptop	O
as	O
well	O
for	O
surfing	B-aspectTerm
,	O
e	O
-	O
mail	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

without	O
having	O
to	O
have	O
extra	O
equipment	O
and/or	O
complicated	O
routes	O
to	O
take	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
do	O
so	O
.	O

My	O
first	O
problem	O
was	O
with	O
the	O
pre	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
loaded	I-aspectTerm
Norton	I-aspectTerm
Firewall	I-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
Security	I-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
a	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
connect	I-aspectTerm
but	O
,	O
i	O
ca	O
n't	O
use	O
it	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
compatible	O
.	O

Accordingly	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
decided	O
to	O
NEVER	O
purchase	O
another	O
HP	O
product	O
(	O
my	O
five	O
year	O
old	O
Compaq	O
)	O
lasted	O
5-years	O
before	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
crashed	O
.	O

I	O
ordered	O
four	O
D620	O
laptops	O
.	O

I	O
know	O
that	O
everyone	O
thinks	O
Macs	O
are	O
overpriced	O
and	O
overrated	O
,	O
but	O
once	O
you	O
get	O
past	O
the	O
initial	O
expense	B-aspectTerm
you	O
'll	O
find	O
that	O
they	O
're	O
worth	O
every	O
penny	O
(	O
besides	O
,	O
there	O
's	O
always	O
the	O
financing	O
plan	O
that	O
Best	O
Buy	O
offers	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
saw	O
this	O
one	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
the	O
most	O
difficult	O
time	O
trying	O
to	O
use	O
them	O
,	O
they	O
've	O
made	O
great	O
dust	O
collectors	O
,	O
I	O
hate	O
putting	O
this	O
computer	O
down	O

I	O
am	O
not	O
going	O
to	O
sit	O
here	O
and	O
complain	O
about	O
it	O
not	O
having	O
a	O
cd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
what	O
not	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
netbook	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
made	O
to	O
be	O
compact	O
and	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
all	O
the	O
other	O
stuff	O
get	O
a	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
trackpad	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
psyched	O
.	O

I	O
absolutely	O
love	O
my	O
mac	O
!	O

From	O
the	O
second	O
you	O
open	O
the	O
box	O
you	O
will	O
fall	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
this	O
computer	O
!	O

HP	O
is	O
more	O
interested	O
in	O
selling	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranties	I-aspectTerm
(	O
which	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
more	O
than	O
the	O
netbook	O
new	O
)	O
then	O
they	O
are	O
in	O
helping	O
or	O
fixing	O
.	O

It	O
would	O
not	O
let	O
me	O
connect	O
to	O
my	O
Wifi	O
system	O
where	O
I	O
lived	O
.	O

Not	O
too	O
much	O
"	O
junk	O
"	O
software	B-aspectTerm
to	O
remove	O
.	O

System	B-aspectTerm
is	O
loosing	O
about	O
20	O
%	O
of	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
because	O
of	O
that	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
good	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
and	O
good	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
difference	O
in	O
the	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
from	O
a	O
PC	B-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
took	O
a	O
bit	O
of	O
tim	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
,	O
but	O
overall	O
it	O
's	O
worth	O
it	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
also	O
extremely	O
pleasing	O
to	O
the	O
eyes	O
without	O
looking	O
too	O
much	O
like	O
an	O
Alienware	O
gaming	O
machine	O
.	O

The	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
$	O
4000	O
and	O
up	O
computers	O
was	O
the	O
only	O
one	O
available	O
for	O
purchase	O
on	O
the	O
drop	O
drown	O
menu	O
.	O

Only	O
issue	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
little	O
slow	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
fixing	O
that	O
by	O
adding	O
more	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
easily	O
portable	O
and	O
I	O
take	O
it	O
everywhere	O
I	O
go	O
and	O
might	O
require	O
internet	O
access	O
.	O

If	O
I	O
have	O
a	O
few	O
hundred	O
dollars	O
to	O
spare	O
,	O
I	O
'd	O
buy	O
the	O
Pro	O
line	O
though	O
,	O
the	O
2.53	O
and	O
2.66	O
GHz	O
model	O
.	O

The	O
hard	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
crashed	I-aspectTerm
as	O
well	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
new	O
power	O
cord	B-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

But	O
enough	O
about	O
that	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
an	O
Apple	O
convert	O
for	O
life	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
it	O
and	O
will	O
probably	O
get	O
another	O
one	O
when	O
this	O
goes	O
to	O
the	O
Laptop	O
in	O
the	O
sky	O
!	O
!	O

But	O
,	O
Mac	O
makes	O
the	O
switch	O
from	O
PC	O
to	O
Mac	O
easy	O
.	O

Another	O
issue	O
I	O
have	O
with	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
.	O

HELP	O
,	O
HELP	O
,	O
OTHER	O
THAN	O
THAT	O
GETS	O
A	O
GREAT	O
LITTLE	O
WONDER	O
.	O

Now	O
I	O
know	O
!	O

After	O
2	O
months	O
of	O
complaints	O
,	O
Asus	O
finally	O
sent	O
the	O
right	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
to	O
my	O
techies	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Even	O
set	O
at	O
the	O
highest	O
level	O
,	O
the	O
computer	O
sacrifices	O
its	O
queen	O
every	O
time	O
.	O

That	O
included	O
the	O
extra	O
Sony	B-aspectTerm
Sonic	I-aspectTerm
Stage	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
subwoofer	B-aspectTerm
I	O
got	O
(	O
that	O
WAS	O
worth	O
the	O
money	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
supposedly	O
bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
enabled	I-aspectTerm
computer	O
,	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
battery	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
Docking	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
works	B-aspectTerm
like	O
a	O
dream	O
,	O
it	O
has	O
never	O
overheated	O
,	O
or	O
even	O
been	O
slightly	O
warm	O
for	O
that	O
matter	O
.	O

PC	O
users	O
use	O
the	O
Powerpoint	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
for	O
slide	O
-	O
show	O
presentation	O
and	O
Mac	O
users	O
utilize	O
Keynote	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
begin	O
to	O
say	O
how	O
disappointed	O
I	O
am	O
.	O

I	O
get	O
a	O
ton	O
of	O
compliments	O
on	O
its	O
size	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
speaking	O
as	O
someone	O
who	O
regularly	O
commutes	O
on	O
a	O
bus	O
,	O
I	O
can	O
attest	O
to	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
perfect	O
size	B-aspectTerm
computer	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
restricted	O
to	O
the	O
width	O
of	O
your	O
body	O
for	O
computing	O
room	O
.	O

It	O
takes	O
me	O
approximately	O
3	O
tries	O
to	O
get	O
to	O
each	O
site	O
,	O
then	O
after	O
closing	O
the	O
browser	B-aspectTerm
and	O
reopening	O
it	O
it	O
actually	O
works	O
.	O

Easy	O
to	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
,	O
can	O
be	O
taken	O
anywhere	O
,	O
can	O
be	O
hooked	O
up	O
to	O
printers	O
,	O
headsets	O
.	O

also	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
does	O
not	O
liht	O
up	O
so	O
unless	O
your	O
sitting	O
in	O
a	O
room	O
with	O
some	O
light	O
you	O
ca	O
nt	O
see	O
anything	O
and	O
that	O
s	O
bad	O
for	O
me	O
because	O
my	O
boyfriend	O
tends	O
to	O
watch	O
tv	O
in	O
the	O
dark	O
at	O
night	O
which	O
leaves	O
me	O
with	O
no	O
way	O
of	O
seeing	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Take	O
the	O
simple	O
,	O
easy	O
solution	O
to	O
your	O
computer	O
problems	O
and	O
stop	O
waiting	O
and	O
smacking	O
your	O
old	O
computer	O
around	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
as	O
good	O
as	O
new	O
.	O

And	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
show	O
up	O
on	O
the	O
reciept	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
know	O
how	O
we	O
ordered	O
it	O
online	O
!	O

I	O
went	O
from	O
BestBuy	O
to	O
Dell	O
,	O
Windows	O
to	O
Apple	O
.	O

Back	O
then	O
my	O
entire	O
family	O
was	O
Devoted	O
to	O
the	O
Sony	O
name	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
got	O
my	O
laptop	O
back	O
after	O
this	O
first	O
instance	O
it	O
worked	O
okay	O
for	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
then	O
I	O
started	O
expeirencing	O
issues	O
again	O
,	O
everything	O
from	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
and	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
failing	O
again	O
,	O
to	O
it	O
powering	O
off	O
for	O
no	O
reason	O
,	O
to	O
locking	O
up	O
and	O
freezing	O
and	O
just	O
all	O
sorts	O
of	O
issues	O
.	O

Love	O
that	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
take	O
up	O
space	B-aspectTerm
like	O
a	O
regular	O
computer	O
.	O

*	O
3	O
weeks	O
after	O
giving	O
the	O
computer	O
for	O
repair*-Visited	O
MacHouse	O
Amsterdam	O
.	O

They	O
do	O
n't	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
susceptible	O
to	O
viruses	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
one	O
less	O
big	O
thing	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
computers	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
very	O
excited	O
because	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
first	O
personal	O
computer	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
purchasing	O
it	O
with	O
my	O
OWN	O
money	O
I	O
had	O
recieved	O
from	O
graduation	O
presents	O
.	O

Asked	O
the	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
rep	I-aspectTerm
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
apple	O
store	O
and	O
they	O
narcissist	O
genius	B-aspectTerm
bar	I-aspectTerm
staff	I-aspectTerm
)	O
fixed	O
it	O
by	O
resetting	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
at	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
can	O
not	O
even	O
imaging	O
going	O
back	O
to	O
a	O
PC	O
after	O
using	O
this	O
wonderful	O
computer	O
.	O

Basic	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
fell	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
the	O
hp	O
pavillion	O
and	O
that	O
was	O
my	O
replacement	O
and	O
now	O
I	O
could	O
not	O
imagine	O
going	O
back	O
to	O
an	O
acer	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

It	O
turns	O
out	O
that	O
this	O
hp	O
pc	O
had	O
been	O
preciously	O
sold	O
by	O
Wal	O
Mart	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
totally	O
recommend	O
any	O
other	O
laptop	O
over	O
this	O
pile	O
of	O
grabage	O
.	O

I	O
managed	O
to	O
comply	O
with	O
these	O
too	O
and	O
now	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
and	O
see	O
if	O
they	O
can	O
find	O
another	O
way	O
to	O
screw	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
should	O
have	O
bought	O
one	O
a	O
long	O
time	O
ago	O
.	O

I	O
looked	O
at	O
the	O
computer	O
and	O
it	O
said	O
updating	O
but	O
the	O
asked	O
for	O
a	O
product	O
key	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
what	O
I	O
paid	O
for	O
.	O

Just	O
keep	O
in	O
mind	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
dedicated	O
so	O
loading	O
the	O
movie	O
almost	O
took	O
a	O
minute	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
ran	O
fairly	O
smooth	O
for	O
a	O
non	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
dedicated	I-aspectTerm
graphics	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Needs	O
Power	O
and	O
Mouse	B-aspectTerm
Cable	I-aspectTerm
to	O
Plug	O
in	O
back	O
instead	O
of	O
side	O
,	O
In	O
the	O
way	O
of	O
operating	O
a	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
in	O
small	O
area	O
.	O

However	O
I	O
dealt	O
with	O
this	O
problem	O
for	O
over	O
a	O
year	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
more	O
of	O
a	O
hastle	O
then	O
I	O
have	O
EVER	O
had	O
with	O
anything	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
the	O
first	O
"	O
Blue	O
screen	O
of	O
death	O
"	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
part	O
of	O
July	O
.	O

-4	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
slots	I-aspectTerm
,	O
2	O
HDD	B-aspectTerm
Bays	I-aspectTerm
*	O
,	O
16	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
-No	O
Wireless	B-aspectTerm
Issues	O
,	O
at	O
least	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
agree	O
with	O
the	O
previous	O
comment	O
that	O
ASUS	B-aspectTerm
TECH	I-aspectTerm
SUPPORT	I-aspectTerm
IS	O
HORRIBLE	O
WHICH	O
IS	O
A	O
CON	O
IN	O
MY	O
OPINION	O
.	O

In	O
fact	O
,	O
somehow	O
(	O
and	O
I	O
never	O
opened	O
it	O
up	O
)	O
some	O
specks	O
of	O
dust	O
or	O
something	O
got	O
inside	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
are	O
now	O
there	O
permanently	O
,	O
behind	O
the	O
front	O
of	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
in	O
the	O
way	O
of	O
the	O
display	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
incompatible	O
with	O
everything	O
else	O
.	O

the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
on	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
left	B-aspectTerm
button	I-aspectTerm
always	O
sticks	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Best	O
Buy	O
I	O
asked	O
them	O
if	O
they	O
were	O
seriously	O
trying	O
to	O
drive	O
me	O
insane	O
!	O

i	O
have	O
tried	O
to	O
charge	O
on	O
different	O
batteries	O
with	B-aspectTerm
no	O
luck	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
this	O
computer	O
to	O
anyone	O
searching	O
for	O
the	O
perfect	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
amazing	O
.	O

We	O
use	O
the	O
built	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
tools	I-aspectTerm
often	O
,	O
iTunes	B-aspectTerm
is	O
open	O
nearly	O
every	O
day	O
and	O
works	O
great	O
with	O
my	O
iPhone	O
.	O

But	O
my	O
blog	O
is	O
read	O
by	O
my	O
friends	O
and	O
search	O
engine	O
visitors	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
returned	O
on	O
the	O
third	O
day	O
I	O
owned	O
it	O
.	O

IT	O
WANT	O
TAKE	O
IT	O
,	O
IT	O
KEEP	O
SAYING	O
ERROR	O
.	O

Anyone	O
who	O
is	O
considering	O
buying	O
an	O
Acer	O
computer	O
of	O
any	O
sort	O
,	O
I	O
seriously	O
suggest	O
you	O
look	O
into	O
buying	O
a	O
different	O
brand	O
.	O

the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
of	O
has	O
actually	O
help	O
me	O
out	O
quite	O
a	O
bit	O
by	O
me	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
fit	O
it	O
in	O
an	O
already	O
full	O
backpack	O
and	O
to	O
use	O
it	O
at	O
a	O
resturant	O
where	O
the	O
food	O
on	O
the	O
table	O
is	O
always	O
so	O
space	O
consuming	O
.	O

Highly	O
recommend	O
for	O
daily	O
use	O
.	O

We	O
are	O
addicted	O
to	O
the	O
Mac	O
.	O

Because	O
it	O
IS	O
a	O
defective	O
product	O
.	O

Second	O
,	O
it	O
gets	O
scratches	O
easily	O
and	O
when	O
it	O
gets	O
old	O
some	O
thing	O
may	O
operated	O

True	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
at	O
a	O
great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Not	O
easy	O
to	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
come	O
standard	O
with	O
the	O
Leopard	B-aspectTerm
running	I-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
are	O
enough	O
for	O
the	O
average	O
person	O
to	O
run	O
all	O
the	O
basics	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
really	O
heartbroken	O
to	O
have	O
to	O
post	O
a	O
terrible	O
review	O
.	O

So	O
what	O
am	O
I	O
supposed	O
to	O
do	O
?	O
The	O
LG	O
service	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
can	O
not	O
provide	O
me	O
the	O
"	O
service	O
"	B-aspectTerm
when	O
it	O
is	O
called	O
the	O
"	O
service	O
center	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Material	B-aspectTerm
this	O
Pro	O
is	O
made	O
out	O
of	O
seems	O
a	O
lot	O
nicer	O
than	O
any	O
PC	O
Specs	O
:	B-aspectTerm
Like	O
I	O
said	O
this	O
performs	O
a	O
lot	O
better	O
than	O
any	O
computer	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
nothing	O
but	O
trouble	O
from	O
the	O
time	O
we	O
bought	O
it	O
.	O

After	O
doing	O
extensive	O
research	O
,	O
macconnection	O
had	O
the	O
lowest	O
price	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
15	O
"	O
MBP	O
i5	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
ADDICTED	O
to	O
photo	B-aspectTerm
booth	I-aspectTerm
!	O

The	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
and	O
user	B-aspectTerm
interface	I-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
intuitive	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
large	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
track	I-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
is	O
amazing	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
went	O
back	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
it	O
so	O
much	O
,	O
I	O
bought	O
another	O
just	O
for	O
my	O
wife	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
the	O
store	O
and	O
exchanged	O
it	O
for	O
another	O
one	O
.	O

All	O
in	O
all	O
great	O
item	O
highly	O
recommend	O
it	O
.	O

Hard	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
-	O
The	O
new	O
editions	O
gives	O
you	O
more	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
space	I-aspectTerm
(	O
500	O
GB	O
instead	O
of	O
320	O
GB	O
)	O
but	O
time	O
has	O
taught	O
me	O
never	O
to	O
trust	O
an	O
internal	B-aspectTerm
hard	I-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
rocks	O
(	O
only	O
wish	O
it	O
could	O
run	O
SolidWorks	O
CAD	O
-	O
which	O
Apple	O
does	O
n't	O
support	O
)	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
extremely	O
portable	O
and	O
easily	O
connects	B-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
WIFI	I-aspectTerm
at	O
the	O
library	O
and	O
elsewhere	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
that	O
additional	O
money	O
right	O
now	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
would	O
n't	O
have	O
purchased	O
it	O
at	O
this	O
time	O
.	O

First	O
things	O
first	O
,	O
Macbook	O
pro	O
has	O
many	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
to	O
make	O
life	O
easier	O
,	O
unlike	O
the	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
computers	O
.	O

And	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
on	O
this	O
thing	O
is	O
absolutely	O
amazing	O
for	O
high	O
quality	O
videos	O
and	O
movies	O
and	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Fast	O
,	O
fast	O
and	O
fast	O
,	O
the	O
web	O
pages	O
just	O
fly	O
by	O
.	O

I	O
considered	O
I	O
may	O
have	O
too	O
much	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
but	O
after	O
looking	O
,	O
there	O
was	O
plenty	O
of	O
space	O
and	B-aspectTerm
that	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
issue	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
use	O
my	O
laptop	O
in	O
a	O
way	O
though	O
that	O
needs	O
a	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
so	O
it	O
's	O
perfect	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

Guess	O
I	O
'll	O
stay	O
away	O
from	O
HP	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
made	O
better	O
,	O
thicker	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
out	O
tough	O
!	O

It	O
was	O
about	O
six	O
months	O
later	O
when	O
the	O
overheating	O
problem	O
started	O
again	O
,	O
to	O
the	O
point	O
it	O
felt	O
like	O
fire	O
on	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
machine	O
!	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
blank	O
lighted	O
screen	O
when	O
I	O
start	O
and	O
that	O
is	O
all	O
.	O

And	O
i	O
would	O
recommend	O
this	O
to	O
anypne	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
.	O

But	O
then	O
,	O
something	O
goes	O
wrong	O
.	O

So	O
far	O
so	O
good	O
with	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

i	O
must	O
keep	O
it	O
plugged	O
in	O
at	O
all	O
times	O
because	O
it	O
will	O
not	O
keep	O
a	O
charge	O
for	B-aspectTerm
longer	O
than	O
four	O
minutes	O
.	O

Avoid	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

Summary	O
:	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
this	O
laptop	O
for	O
2	O
months	O
,	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
blue	O
the	O
power	B-aspectTerm
adapter	I-aspectTerm
stops	O
working	O
.	O

I	O
saw	O
walmart	O
had	O
the	O
same	O
computer	O
for	O
about	O
$	O
650	O
but	O
still	O
knowing	O
what	O
I	O
know	O
now	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
not	O
buy	O
it	O
at	O
that	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
local	O
computer	O
repair	O
shops	O
send	O
out	O
ads	O
that	O
say	O
along	O
the	O
lines	O
of	O
we	O
can	O
fix	O
almost	O
any	O
problem	O
or	O
computer	O
usually	O
even	O
the	O
trouble	O
some	O
Toshiba	O
satellite	O
.	O

it	O
has	O
had	O
some	O
problems	O
.	O

There	O
s	O
always	O
something	O
wrong	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
wether	O
it	O
be	O
some	O
virus	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
track	O
down	O
,	O
or	O
it	O
overheats	O
,	O
sometimes	O
even	O
catches	O
on	O
fire	O
,	O
you	O
just	O
ca	O
n't	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
is	O
good	O
for	O
10	O
days	O
then	O
it	O
sucks	O
for	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
your	O
life	O
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
for	O
a	O
student	O
,	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
is	O
always	O
an	O
issue	O
.	O

Now	O
mainboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
broken	O
,	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
.	O

The	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
difference	O
is	O
next	O
to	O
NOTHING	O
for	O
a	O
mac	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
can	O
be	O
manually	O
upgraded	O
or	O
you	O
could	O
just	O
buy	O
a	O
$	O
60	O
500	B-aspectTerm
gb	I-aspectTerm
external	I-aspectTerm
hard	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

2.The	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
is	O
low	O
quality	O
.	O

This	O
little	O
netboook	O
is	O
helping	O
me	O
get	O
work	O
done	O
!	O

They	O
also	O
use	O
two	O
totally	O
different	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
systems	I-aspectTerm
.	O

They	O
are	O
about	O
the	O
same	O
size	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'm	O
definitely	O
not	O
hard	O
on	O
laptops	O
and	O
guarantee	O
100	O
%	O
that	O
no	O
liquid	O
has	O
touched	O
this	O
machine	O
in	O
my	O
presence	O
.	O

I	O
waited	O
another	O
month	O
for	O
approval	O
and	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
"	O
BUILD	O
"	O
me	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
.	O

This	O
ai	O
n't	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
n't	O
really	O
as	O
concerned	O
about	O
portability	B-aspectTerm
(	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
very	O
large	O
laptop	O
)	O
but	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
hard	O
to	O
move	O
around	O
or	O
take	O
on	O
a	O
trip	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
pleasant	O
surprise	O
.	O

The	O
people	O
are	O
frustrating	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
,	O
the	O
product	O
itself	O
is	O
very	O
cheaply	O
made	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
accessories	B-aspectTerm
are	O
less	O
than	O
satisfactory	O
.	O

They	O
offer	O
the	O
best	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
business	O
,	O
and	O
do	O
n't	O
3rd	O
party	O
it	O
out	O
like	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

Maybe	O
three	O
or	O
four	O
months	O
ago	O
it	O
started	O
blinking	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
sudden	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
problems	O
are	O
the	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
is	O
nt	O
very	O
loud	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
wear	O
headphones	O
.	O

Again-	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
based	O
machines	O
were	O
not	O
giving	O
me	O
anything	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
!	O

Finally	O
,	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
take	O
it	O
anymore	O
and	O
ordered	O
my	O
Apple	O
.	O

I	O
should	O
have	O
kept	O
my	O
big	O
,	O
old	O
HP	O
.	O

everything	O
about	O
a	O
mac	O
is	O
wonderful	O
,	O
it	O
takes	O
a	O
little	O
used	O
to	O
learning	O
and	O
getting	O
used	O
to	O
the	O
new	O
system	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
you	O
will	O
learn	O
fast	O
and	O
its	O
all	O
worth	O
it	O
.	O

i	O
love	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
computer	O
since	O
i	O
play	O
games	B-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
a	O
wife	O
,	O
mom	O
and	O
a	O
school	O
teacher	O
and	O
a	O
college	O
student	O
.	O

You	O
know	O
,	O
using	O
the	O
computer	O
should	O
be	O
fun	O
,	O
not	O
aggrevation	O
,	O
especially	O
when	O
you	O
are	O
playing	B-aspectTerm
games	I-aspectTerm
or	O
working	O
with	O
photos	O
.	O

You	O
just	O
get	O
a	O
trial	O
version	O
either	O
way	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
all	O
for	O
saving	O
money	O
but	O
Dell	O
needs	O
to	O
step	O
it	O
up	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
no	O
viruses	O
or	O
spyware	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
like	O
on	O
a	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
computer	O
.	O

great	O
machine	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
drop	O
the	O
cash	O
for	O
one	O
.	O

To	O
be	O
honest	O
i	O
think	O
it	O
was	O
faulty	O
equipment	B-aspectTerm
or	O
something	O
but	O
idk	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
love	O
the	O
small	O
,	O
convenient	O
size	B-aspectTerm
of	O
my	O
laptop	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
a	O
perfect	O
tool	O
for	O
my	O
academic	O
studies	O
.	O

I	O
never	O
have	O
had	O
a	O
good	O
result	O
with	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
its	O
solid	O
build	B-aspectTerm
,	O
light	O
wt	B-aspectTerm
and	O
excellent	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
(	O
for	O
now	O
)	O
.	O

YOU	O
PAY	O
FOR	O
WHAT	O
YOU	O
GET	O
FOR	O
.	O

while	O
about	O
8	O
years	O
ago	O
,	O
I	O
hope	O
that	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
has	O
changed	O
.	O

NO	O
more	O
Lenovo	O
for	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
bought	O
one	O
for	O
my	O
wife	O
,	O
and	O
3	O
for	O
my	O
office	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
a	O
NETBOOK	O
will	O
be	O
a	O
different	O
story	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
glad	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
worth	O
the	O
few	O
(	O
$	O
100	O
)	O
extra	O
dollars	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
is	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
whole	O
lot	O
of	O
fun	O
using	O
the	O
laptop	O
now	O
,	O
still	O
learning	O
the	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
navigation	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
is	O
fun	O
and	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
cool	O
apps	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
a	O
full	O
Mac	O
convert	O
now	O
.	O

I	O
highly	O
recommend	O
that	O
you	O
buy	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

Though	O
you	O
get	O
a	O
polite	O
person	O
,	O
you	O
often	O
don	O
t	O
get	O
a	O
solution	O
.	O

-I	O
propose	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
just	O
swap	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drives	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
old	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
till	O
we	O
bought	O
the	O
Dell	O
did	O
we	O
realize	O
how	O
great	O
it	O
was	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
holds	O
up	O
well	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
built	B-aspectTerm
very	O
solidly	O
,	O
and	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
fast	O
.	O

Sound	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
is	O
limited	O
though	O
.	O

I	O
initially	O
purchased	O
my	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
13	O
"	O
in	O
April	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
loved	O
it	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
nicely	O
sized	B-aspectTerm
laptop	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
processing	B-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
and	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
much	O
battling	O
with	O
HP	O
i	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
return	O
it	O
4	O
times	O
for	O
repairs	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
imagine	O
how	O
unhappy	O
I	O
am	O
with	O
this	O
item	O
.	O

But	O
let	O
me	O
tell	O
you	O
,	O
the	O
mac	O
book	O
pro	O
is	O
so	O
professional	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
can	O
imagine	O
is	O
that	O
Sony	O
jumped	O
on	O
early	O
specifications	O
for	O
Vista	O
requirements	B-aspectTerm
from	O
Microsoft	O
and	O
designed	O
it	O
to	O
those	O
inadequate	O
requirements	O
.	O

go	O
for	O
it	O
!	O

I	O
highly	O
recommend	O
this	O
computer	O
for	O
students	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
solid	O
machine	O
to	O
get	O
them	O
through	O
college	O
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
generally	O
felt	O
okay	O
even	O
for	O
someone	O
used	O
to	O
a	O
desktop	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
,	O
now	O
looks	O
terrible	O
.	O

The	O
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
awesome	O
.	O

After	O
years	O
of	O
occasionally	O
pulling	O
my	O
hair	O
out	O
fighting	O
computer	O
viruses	O
,	O
a	O
good	O
friend	O
convinced	O
me	O
it	O
was	O
time	O
to	O
go	O
the	O
Apple	O
route	O
.	O

The	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
little	O
bit	O
different	O
than	O
what	O
you	O
're	O
used	O
to	O
though-	O
it	O
has	O
one	O
big	O
flat	O
panel	O
and	O
one	O
full	O
bar	O
(	O
instead	O
of	O
two	O
separate	O
ones	O
)	O
to	O
click	O
with-	O
but	O
you	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
it	O
quite	O
quickly	O
.	O

It	O
took	O
several	O
weeks	O
just	O
to	O
get	O
them	O
to	O
acknowledge	O
that	O
I	O
owned	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

However	O
,	O
this	O
laptop	O
has	O
a	O
fatal	O
flaw	O
that	O
i	O
discovered	O
merely	O
a	O
week	O
after	O
buying	O
it	O
.	O

Perfect	O
trifecta	O
!	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
like	O
no	O
other	O
laptop	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
huge	O
monstrosity	O
of	O
a	O
Laptop	O
!	O

-Computer	O
crashed	O
frequently	O
and	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
decreased	O
very	O
quickly	O
.	O

-I	O
propose	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
just	O
swap	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drives	I-aspectTerm
.	O

So	O
do	O
n't	O
get	O
it	O
.	O

it	O
was	O
a	O
tough	O
choice	O
.	O

Every	O
driver	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
DVD	I-aspectTerm
is	O
everything	O
you	O
will	O
need	O
for	O
a	O
reload	O
.	O

They	O
sent	O
it	O
off	O
and	O
within	O
2	O
weeks	O
I	O
had	O
it	O
back	O
good	O
as	O
new	O
.	O

The	O
Awesomest	O
of	O
the	O
awesomest	O
.	O

One	O
,	O
owning	O
a	O
mac	O
is	O
essentially	O
a	O
full	O
production	O
studio	O
(	O
in	O
the	O
case	O
of	O
a	O
mac	O
book	O
a	O
portable	O
version	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
tell	O
you	O
about	O
the	O
best	O
laptop	O
I	O
just	O
got	O
from	O
Mac	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
glad	O
it	O
waited	O
,	O
this	O
one	O
is	O
great	O
.	O

I	O
called	O
their	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
depot	I-aspectTerm
as	O
was	O
told	O
they	O
would	O
send	O
Me	O
a	O
new	O
box	O
to	O
return	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
the	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
depot	I-aspectTerm
.	O

(	O
For	O
those	O
old	O
enough	O
to	O
remember	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
Beta	O
versus	O
VHS	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
also	O
fairly	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
Operating	B-aspectTerm
System	I-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
recommend	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

I	O
know	O
that	O
ASUS	O
is	O
known	O
for	O
making	O
motherboards	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
worst	O
computer	O
experience	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
had	O
.	O

If	O
so	O
,	O
you	O
may	O
be	O
having	O
similar	O
problems	O
.	O

Some	O
days	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
blurry	O
,	O
some	O
days	O
it	O
appears	O
that	O
it	O
's	O
raining	O
on	O
my	O
nice	O
desktop	O
background	O
of	O
a	O
lake	O
and	O
mountains	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
machine	O
!	O

This	O
is	O
my	O
first	O
personal	O
Satellite	O
purchase	O
but	O
had	O
very	O
good	O
experience	O
through	O
previous	O
Satellite	O
work	O
issued	O
laptops	O
.	O

We	O
figure	O
that	O
after	O
everything	O
HIS	O
pc	O
actually	O
ended	O
up	O
costing	B-aspectTerm
$	O
350	O
more	O
than	O
my	O
original	O
Mac	O
.	O

So	O
having	O
the	O
AC	B-aspectTerm
plug	I-aspectTerm
go	O
out	O
on	O
me	O
and	O
get	O
lose	O
or	O
I	O
could	O
actually	O
here	O
it	O
inside	O
my	O
computer	O
on	O
two	O
of	O
the	O
three	O
times	O
is	O
not	O
good	O
.	O

Peformance	B-aspectTerm
is	O
good	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
computer	O
is	O
currently	O
in	O
West	O
Verginia	O
doe	O
to	O
the	O
method	O
of	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
choosen	O
by	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
see	O
why	O
the	O
have	O
soooo	O
much	O
money	O
.	O

I'M	O
REALLY	O
FRUSTRATED	O
BY	O
THIS	O
EXPERIENCE	O
.	O

And	O
Toshiba	O
is	O
totally	O
unconcerned	O
.	O

Summary	O
:	O
HP	O
knew	O
they	O
were	O
shipping	O
out	O
bad	O
BIOS	B-aspectTerm
and	O
did	O
nothing	O
proactive	O
to	O
resolve	O
it	O
.	O

And	O
in	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
no	O
freezing	O
up	O
and	O
no	O
blue	O
,	O
purple	O
,	O
black	O
or	O
any	O
other	O
type	O
of	O
screen	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
3	O
months	O
when	O
the	O
ports	B-aspectTerm
started	O
going	O
out	O
.	O

think	O
i	O
would	O
spend	O
little	O
extra	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
better	O
made	O
laptop	O
.	O

The	O
improvements	O
to	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
have	O
been	O
relatively	O
gradual	O
,	O
but	O
substantive	O
.	O

I	O
'll	O
wait	O
and	O
save	O
up	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
does	O
everything	O
I	O
need	O
it	O
to	O
very	O
well	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
not	O
.	O

It	O
makes	O
sorting	O
out	O
all	O
those	O
photos	O
on	O
my	O
digital	O
camera	O
a	O
breeze	O
,	O
and	O
organizing	O
them	O
by	O
place	O
,	O
time	O
taken	O
,	O
or	O
sending	O
them	O
to	O
an	O
online	O
print	O
shop	O
,	O
or	O
uploading	O
them	O
to	O
Flickr	O
or	O
Facebook	O
etc	O
,	O
is	O
not	O
hard	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Its	O
been	O
a	O
year	O
and	O
am	O
still	O
waiting	O
to	O
see	O
what	O
there	O
going	O
to	O
do	O
about	O
my	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
it	O
to	O
use	O
in	O
college	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
perfect	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
super	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Many	O
of	O
my	O
classmates	O
computers	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drives	I-aspectTerm
crashed	O
.	O

Ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
is	O
just	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
benefits	O
I	O
love	O
about	O
my	O
Mac	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
n't	O
play	O
a	O
first	O
-	O
person	O
shooter	O
with	O
this	O
,	O
mind	O
,	O
but	O
if	O
you	O
wanted	O
to	O
run	O
MS	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
,	O
email	O
,	O
chat	O
,	O
download	O
a	O
video	O
,	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
from	O
a	O
certain	O
fruit	O
-	O
named	O
music	O
store	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
highly	O
portable	O
yet	O
powerful	O
netbook	O
to	O
do	O
that	O
all	O
in	O
,	O
I	O
'd	O
highly	O
recommend	O
checking	O
this	O
out	O
.	O

The	O
13	O
"	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
just	O
fits	O
in	O
my	O
budget	B-aspectTerm
and	O
with	O
free	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
and	O
no	O
tax	O
to	O
CA	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
price	B-aspectTerm
we	O
can	O
get	O
for	O
a	O
great	O
product	O
.	O

It	O
took	O
me	O
a	O
while	O
top	O
get	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
land	O
of	O
PCs	O
,	O
but	O
now	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
,	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
see	O
myself	O
going	O
back	O
to	O
it	O
.	O

They	O
discovered	O
the	O
manufacturer	O
's	O
defect	O
and	O
sent	O
it	O
in	O
for	O
repair	O
.	O

The	O
sheer	O
power	B-aspectTerm
and	O
flexibility	B-aspectTerm
makes	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
a	O
must	O
have	O
for	O
any	O
techie	O
!	O

LOVE	O
IT	O
LOVE	O
IT	O
LOVE	O
IT	O
!	O

The	O
notebook	O
is	O
lacking	O
a	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
and	O
a	O
S	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
video	I-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
that	O
would	O
enable	O
one	O
to	O
hook	O
it	O
to	O
a	O
TV	O
.	O

The	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
are	O
useless	O
too	O
.	O

You	O
may	O
soon	O
mistake	O
my	O
digitus	O
medius	O
as	O
a	O
lively	O
pogo	O
stick	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
not	O
Best	O
Buy	O
's	O
fault	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
meant	O
to	O
purchase	O
the	O
NB205	O
and	O
bought	O
this	O
one	O
by	O
accident	O
(	O
long	O
story	O
)	O
.	O

Most	O
of	O
my	O
papers	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
saved	O
and	O
when	O
they	O
could	O
be	O
,	O
half	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
papers	O
were	O
then	O
erased	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
for	O
three	O
years	O
now	O
and	O
still	O
love	O
it	O
!	O

Battery	B-aspectTerm
is	O
lasting	O
about	O
6	O
hours	O
as	O
I	O
am	O
surfing	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
web	I-aspectTerm
on	O
Sundays	O
while	O
checking	O
football	O
scores	O
and	O
watching	O
funny	O
Youtube	O
videos	O
.	O

Exactly	O
that	O
,	O
users	O
.	O

Iphoto	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
for	O
adding	O
pictures	O
right	O
to	O
facebook	O
and	O
other	O
social	O
networking	O
sites	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
recommended	O
this	O
laptop	O
to	O
everyone	O
I	O
know	O
who	O
is	O
buying	O
one	O
.	O

they	O
will	O
not	O
let	O
you	O
down	O
.	O

Almost	O
4	O
years	O
ago	O
I	O
bought	O
what	O
was	O
then	O
the	O
current	O
,	O
up	O
to	O
date	O
HP	O
Pavilion	O
--	O
If	O
I	O
recall	O
correctly	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
dv	O
1300	O
t.	O

It	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
recommendation	O
,	O
it	O
'	O
a	O
plea	O
.	O

In	O
early	O
May	O
I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
this	O
time	O
I	O
only	O
had	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
1	O
day	O
before	O
it	O
had	O
a	O
NEW	O
issue	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
sent	O
back	O
in	O
for	O
the	O
6th	O
time	O
they	O
"	O
expedited	O
"	O
the	O
repairs	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
only	O
supposed	O
to	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
without	O
it	O
for	O
3	O
days	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
fixed	O
,	O
by	O
a	O
"	O
Senior	B-aspectTerm
Tech	I-aspectTerm
"	O
.	O

Some	O
features	B-aspectTerm
are	O
nt	O
friendly	O
(	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
wheel	I-aspectTerm
,	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

A	O
cheaper	O
price	B-aspectTerm
should	O
not	O
equal	O
a	O
"	O
cheap	O
"	O
product	O
.	O

-When	O
I	O
started	O
worrying	O
for	O
not	O
hearing	O
anything	O
from	O
them	O
,	O
I	O
tried	O
to	O
call	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
the	O
manual	B-aspectTerm
is	O
somewhere	O
on	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
rather	O
have	O
a	O
hard	O
copy	O
.	O

got	O
another	O
1	O
,	O
and	O
same	O
issue	O
.	O

Thank	O
you	O
Best	O
Buy	O
for	O
putting	O
my	O
computer	O
together	O
and	O
installing	O
my	O
first	O
software	B-aspectTerm
-	O
you	O
guys	O
were	O
GREAT	O
too	O
!	O

They	O
were	O
able	O
to	O
set	O
-	O
up	O
with	O
labtops	O
themselves	O
within	O
a	O
few	O
minutes	O
.	O

I	O
consider	O
myself	O
an	O
average	O
user	O
and	O
this	O
computer	O
serves	O
my	O
need	O
.	O

Adjust	O
the	O
sensitivity	B-aspectTerm
since	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
that	O
responsive	O
to	O
begin	O
with	O
.	O

After	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
years	O
,	O
my	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
began	O
to	O
diminish	O
but	O
was	O
replaced	O
for	O
free	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
company	O
-	O
wide	O
recall	O
of	O
my	O
particular	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
system	B-aspectTerm
constantly	O
overheats	O
,	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
too	O
short	O
,	O
the	O
case	B-aspectTerm
is	O
coming	O
apart	O
,	O
and	O
my	O
core	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
that	O
I	O
use	O
every	O
day	O
in	O
my	O
work	O
as	O
a	O
graphic	O
artist	O
run	O
poorly	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
never	O
buy	O
a	O
Dell	O
again	O
.	O

Later	O
it	O
held	O
zero	O
charge	O
and	B-aspectTerm
its	O
replacement	O
worked	O
for	O
less	O
than	O
three	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
company	O
sent	O
me	O
a	O
whole	O
new	O
cord	O
overnight	B-aspectTerm
and	O
apologized	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
even	O
easy	O
to	O
hook	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
other	I-aspectTerm
wireless	I-aspectTerm
networks	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
alot	O
of	O
trouble	O
with	O
the	O
shift	O
key	B-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
go	O
to	O
other	O
lines	O
.	O

The	O
rep	B-aspectTerm
did	O
not	O
even	O
answer	O
my	O
question	O
,	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
ask	O
him	O
,	O
if	O
he	O
understood	O
what	O
I	O
ask	O
or	O
if	O
he	O
spoke	O
english	O
because	O
he	O
did	O
n't	O
even	O
try	O
to	O
acknowledge	O
my	O
question	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
now	O
frustrated	O
that	O
I	O
still	O
have	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
work	O
issued	O
Windows	O
laptop	O
!	O

It	O
gives	O
me	O
the	O
power	B-aspectTerm
and	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
that	O
I	O
need	O
to	O
run	O
all	O
the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
I	O
use	O
to	O
edit	O
.	O

iLife	B-aspectTerm
is	O
easily	O
compatible	O
with	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
so	O
you	O
can	O
send	O
and	O
receive	O
files	O
from	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

They	O
do	O
n't	O
crash	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
computer	O
science	O
student	O
in	O
college	O
,	O
I	O
find	O
that	O
the	O
portability	B-aspectTerm
,	O
longevity	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
computer	O
make	O
me	O
(	O
shockingly	O
)	O
want	O
to	O
do	O
homework	O
more	O
;	O

This	O
Notebook	O
restarts	O
every	O
time	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
new	O
update	O
,	O
so	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
save	O
your	O
files	O
and	O
information	O
,	O
everything	O
will	O
be	O
lost	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
this	O
little	O
one	O
.	O

So	O
not	O
having	O
my	O
laptop	O
was	O
discouraging	O
.	O

I	O
fine	O
Apple	O
MC373LL	O
/	O
A	O
2.66GHz	O
15	O
"	O
Macboook	O
Pro	O
Notebook	O
meets	O
all	O
my	O
needs	O
for	O
a	O
laptop	O
computer	O
when	O
on	O
the	O
go	O
.	O

Again	O
I	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
motherboard	O
and	B-aspectTerm
some	O
fan	O
inside	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Fully	O
charged	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
can	O
last	O
about	O
five	O
hours	O
unplugged	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
a	O
hard	O
decision	O
for	O
me	O
since	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
looked	O
so	O
appealing	O
.	O

1st	O
hand	O
experience	O
is	O
very	O
important	O
,	O
especially	O
for	O
a	O
new	O
customer	O
.	O

I	O
especially	O
appreciate	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
almost	O
zero	O
viruses	O
and	O
spyware	O
problems	O
!	O

Even	O
though	O
it	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
many	O
PC	O
laptops	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
worth	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
know	O
there	O
are	O
way	O
better	O
laptops	O
out	O
there	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
why	O
spend	O
money	O
on	O
shit	O
when	O
you	O
can	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
get	O
yourself	O
a	O
perfectly	O
decent	O
laptop	O
that	O
does	O
nt	O
suck	O
total	O
monkey	O
balls	O
.	O

For	O
me	O
,	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
were	O
starting	O
to	O
get	O
stuck	O
and	O
would	O
n't	O
type	O
very	O
well	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
n't	O
like	O
this	O
company	O
nor	O
the	O
toshiba	O
brand	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
'll	O
never	O
buy	O
another	O
one	O
because	O
I	O
've	O
put	O
more	O
into	O
it	O
then	O
it	O
is	O
worth	O
.	O

ca	O
n't	O
reinstall	O
with	O
standard	B-aspectTerm
os	I-aspectTerm
cd	I-aspectTerm
because	O
of	O
proprietary	B-aspectTerm
hardware	I-aspectTerm
drivers	I-aspectTerm
.	O

However	O
,	O
this	O
will	O
be	O
my	O
last	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
small	O
red	O
circle	O
next	O
to	O
it	O
with	O
a	O
x	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
,	O
and	O
when	O
I	O
click	O
on	O
it	O
it	O
says	O
:	O
"	O
Consider	O
replacing	O
your	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
"	O
and	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
hold	O
full	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
.	O

SO	O
?	O
HOW	O
CAN	O
YOU	O
SOLVE	O
IT	O
?	O
C'mon	O
,	O
I	O
just	O
bought	O
the	O
netbook	O
2	O
weeks	O
ago	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
was	O
two	O
weeks	O
late	O
in	O
delivery	B-aspectTerm
because	O
HP	O
forgot	O
to	O
complete	O
the	O
required	O
import	O
paperwork	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
're	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
great	O
laptop	O
,	O
you	O
've	O
found	O
the	O
best	O
here	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
programm	B-aspectTerm
I	O
switched	O
on	O
was	O
a	O
game	O
for	O
my	O
children	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
been	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
my	O
MacBook	O
for	O
almost	O
6	O
months	O
and	O
can	O
honestly	O
say	O
that	O
I	O
will	O
NEVER	O
buy	O
another	O
computer	O
if	O
it	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
Mac	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
always	O
owned	O
a	O
PC	O
and	O
decided	O
to	O
try	O
a	O
MacBook	O
to	O
see	O
what	O
it	O
's	O
all	O
about	O
.	O

On	O
two	O
occasions	O
the	O
computer	O
s	O
calendar	O
told	O
me	O
it	O
was	O
1969	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
it	O
for	O
my	O
mom	O
and	O
she	O
reports	O
that	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
lasts	O
all	O
day	O
for	O
her	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
lightweight	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
response	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
computing	O
she	O
's	O
doing	O
(	O
Internet	B-aspectTerm
focused	I-aspectTerm
activity	I-aspectTerm
:	O
mail	O
,	O
research	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
is	O
excellent	O
;	O

Its	O
very	O
nice	O
and	O
once	O
you	O
learn	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
you	O
will	O
be	O
so	O
happy	O
to	O
have	O
such	O
a	O
sophisticated	O
computer	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
wonderful	O
computer	O
and	O
definitly	O
worth	O
the	O
purchase	O
!	O

It	O
came	O
alot	O
faster	O
than	O
I	O
thought	O
it	O
would	O
have	O
which	O
was	O
really	O
exciting	O
.	O

Then	O
to	O
make	O
matters	O
worst	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
noone	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
transfer	O
you	O
to	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
sleek	O
and	O
lightweight	O
and	O
charges	B-aspectTerm
quickly	O
when	O
needed	O
.	O

also	O
you	O
may	O
need	O
to	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
it	O
once	O
a	O
day	O
,	O
if	O
for	O
medium	O
use	O
every	O
thing	O
fast	O
and	O
easy	O
with	O
mac	O
the	O
size	O
and	O
look	O
is	O
the	O
most	O
feature	O
that	O
attracted	O
me	O
to	O
it	O
.	O

But	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
computer	O
field	O
you	O
probably	O
would	O
n't	O
be	O
here	O
.	O

The	O
great	O
18	O
month	O
same	O
as	O
cash	O
financing	O
and	O
Advance	O
Protection	O
Plan	O
which	O
includes	O
accidents	O
like	O
spills	O
.	O

I	O
could	O
not	O
handle	O
it	O
one	O
hand	O
like	O
I	O
can	O
the	O
replacement	O
computer	O
I	O
purchased	O
.	O

The	O
new	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
15	O
inch	O
i7	O
is	O
nothing	O
short	O
of	O
amazing	O
.	O

i	O
would	O
never	O
go	O
back	O
any	O
more	O
,	O
i	O
love	O
this	O
computer	O
so	O
much	O
and	O
i	O
would	O
recommend	O
it	O
to	O
everyone	O
.	O

they	O
respond	O
:	O
"	O
your	O
dissatisfaction	O
is	O
noted	O
"	O
...	O

I	O
was	O
even	O
able	O
to	O
uninstall	O
McAffe	O
and	O
install	O
one	O
of	O
my	O
Symantec	O
licenses	O
with	O
a	O
no	O
issues	O
whatsoever	O
.	O

(	O
The	O
iBook	B-aspectTerm
backup	I-aspectTerm
also	O
uses	O
a	O
firewire	B-aspectTerm
connection	I-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
think	O
it	O
had	O
a	O
camera	B-aspectTerm
because	O
that	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
my	O
requirements	O
,	O
but	O
forgot	O
to	O
check	O
in	O
the	O
specifications	B-aspectTerm
on	O
this	O
one	O
before	O
I	O
purchased	O
.	O

Also	O
the	O
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
exceptional	O
!	O

This	O
is	O
still	O
a	O
fairly	O
good	O
upgrade	O
to	O
a	O
laptop	O
that	O
was	O
about	O
4	O
years	O
old	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
was	O
shipped	O
to	O
their	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
depot	I-aspectTerm
on	O
june	O
24	O
and	O
returned	O
on	O
July	O
2	O
seems	O
like	O
a	O
short	O
turn	O
around	O
time	O
except	O
the	O
computer	O
was	O
not	O
repaired	O
when	O
it	O
was	O
returned	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
basically	O
the	O
best	O
laptop	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
had	O
or	O
used	O
.	O

(	O
3DMARK6	O
score	O
is	O
only	O
8500	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
tell	O
everyone	O
I	O
see	O
out	O
looking	O
to	O
get	O
this	O
or	O
another	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

So	O
honestly	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
n't	O
expecting	O
anything	O
less	O
than	O
perfection	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
n't	O
disappointed	O
.	O

Learning	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
shortcuts	I-aspectTerm
only	O
took	O
a	O
few	O
minutes	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
as	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
shortcuts	B-aspectTerm
are	O
the	O
same	O
on	O
Windows	O
machines	O
.	O

My	O
friends	O
are	O
in	O
awe	O
every	O
time	O
they	O
come	O
over	O
!	O

little	O
short	O
on	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
but	O
you	O
get	O
what	O
you	O
pay	O
for	O
.	O

It	O
did	O
n't	O
come	O
with	O
any	O
software	B-aspectTerm
installed	O
outside	O
of	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
media	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
was	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
the	O
condition	O
and	O
the	O
overall	O
product	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
one	O
I	O
had	O
was	O
a	O
2006	O
model	O
,	O
not	O
the	O
Pro	O
.	O

THEN	O
,	O
one	O
month	O
after	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
expired	O
,	O
the	O
replacement	B-aspectTerm
charger	I-aspectTerm
went	O
.	O

2nd	O
Mac	O
book	O
I	O
have	O
purchased	O
from	O
MacConnection	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
a	O
"	O
pc	O
"	O
but	O
I	O
was	O
ready	O
for	O
a	O
change	O
and	O
tired	O
of	O
the	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Your	O
cursor	B-aspectTerm
will	O
end	O
up	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
freaking	O
place,,,it	O
's	O
not	O
uncommon	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
accidentally	O
delete	O
words	O
,	O
sentences	O
,	O
paragraphs	O
because	O
of	O
this	O
mousepad	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Other	O
installed	O
features	B-aspectTerm
,	O
such	O
as	O
certain	O
printer	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
,	O
are	O
also	O
most	O
attractive	O
.	O

I	O
normally	O
do	O
nt	O
participate	O
in	O
reviews	O
/	O
surveys	O
but	O
this	O
laptop	O
has	O
not	O
given	O
me	O
any	O
problems	O
and	O
hope	O
to	O
share	O
my	O
thoughts	O
...	O

Most	O
of	O
the	O
large	O
bags	O
are	O
for	O
a	O
17	O
inch	O
.	O

I	O
work	O
in	O
film	O
editing	O
and	O
post	O
production	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
need	O
a	O
laptop	O
that	O
not	O
only	O
has	O
power	B-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
and	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
as	O
well	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
home	O
and	O
within	O
30	O
min	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
freezing	O
up	O
and	O
did	O
the	O
"	O
blue	O
screen	O
of	O
death	O
"	O
.	O

At	O
first	O
when	O
I	O
got	O
this	O
product	O
,	O
I	O
loved	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
super	O
lame	O
.	O

It	O
had	O
a	O
seventeen	B-aspectTerm
inch	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
which	O
I	O
wanted	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
realize	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
such	O
a	O
monster	O
!	O

Even	O
doing	O
so	O
,	O
the	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
may	O
just	O
be	O
slightly	O
tightened	O
only	O
.	O

company	O
provides	O
UPS	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
,	O
fast	O
,	O
great	O
!	O

I	O
would	O
tell	O
the	O
technician	B-aspectTerm
I	O
knew	O
exactly	O
what	O
was	O
wrong	O
with	O
it	O
but	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
listen	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
go	O
through	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
junk	O
to	O
get	O
them	O
to	O
tell	O
me	O
I	O
needed	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
computer	O
in	O
.	O

THIS	O
is	O
what	O
a	O
laptop	O
is	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
.	O

Then	O
I	O
've	O
fixed	O
the	O
DC	O
jack	B-aspectTerm
(	I-aspectTerm
inside	O
the	O
unit	O
)	O
,	O
rewired	O
the	O
DC	O
jack	B-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
the	O
OUTside	O
of	O
the	O
laptop	O
,	O
replaced	O
the	O
power	O
brick	B-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

I	O
purchased	O
two	O
laptops	O
(	O
for	O
my	O
husband	O
and	O
16	O
year	O
old	O
daughter	O
)	O
.	O

More	O
relieved	O
than	O
anything	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
has	O
great	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
every	O
so	O
light	O
weight	O
.	O

Great	O
product	O
,	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
great	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Summary	O
:	O
Spend	O
your	O
money	O
elsewhere	O

believe	O
me	O
apple	O
has	O
a	O
reputation	O
.	O

The	O
iLife	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
that	O
comes	O
with	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
so	O
simple	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
produces	O
a	O
great	O
finished	O
product	O
.	O

The	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
webcam	I-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
for	O
Skype	O
and	O
similar	O
video	O
-	O
chat	O
services	O
.	O

The	O
shop	O
will	O
definitely	O
push	O
the	O
problem	O
to	O
the	O
service	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
.	O

PC	O
users	O
work	O
in	O
Word	B-aspectTerm
,	O
while	O
Mac	O
users	O
work	O
in	O
Pages	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
able	O
to	O
organize	O
my	O
pics	O
,	O
music	O
and	O
files	O
easily	O
.	O

While	O
I	O
mostly	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
email	O
,	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
and	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
'm	O
confident	O
all	O
other	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
live	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
high	O
standard	O
I	O
've	O
come	O
to	O
appreciate	O
from	O
Mac	O
laptops	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
having	O
endless	O
problems	O
since	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
computer	O
-	O
only	O
1	O
month	O
ago	O

The	O
perfect	O
notebook	O
...	O

This	O
laptop	O
looks	O
great	O
on	O
the	O
surface	O
:	O
17	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
inch	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
,	O
good	O
price	O
-	B-aspectTerm
point	I-aspectTerm
,	I-aspectTerm
nice	O
appearance	O
,	B-aspectTerm
boots	O
up	B-aspectTerm
quickly	O
,	O
runs	O
fast	O
etc	O
.	O

The	O
apple	O
systems	O
are	O
over	O
priced	O
luxurys	O
that	O
arn't	O
worth	O
what	O
they	O
are	O
being	O
charged	O
for	O
,	O
this	O
model	O
's	O
specifications	B-aspectTerm
are	O
far	O
from	O
being	O
impressive	O
and	O
they	O
only	O
thing	O
you	O
get	O
out	O
of	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
apple	O
name	O
.	O

My	O
mac	O
laptop	O
is	O
fabulous	O
in	O
both	O
areas	O
.	O

pros	O
:	O
the	O
macbook	O
pro	O
notebook	O
has	O
a	O
large	O
battery	O
life	B-aspectTerm
and	O
you	O
wo	O
nt	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
to	O
charge	O
your	O
laptop	O
every	O
five	O
hours	O
or	O
so	O
.	O

I	O
highly	O
recommend	O
this	O
product	O
!	O

Disappointing	O
for	O
such	O
a	O
lovely	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
at	O
a	O
reasonable	O
price	B-aspectTerm

So	O
far	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
an	O
average	O
laptop	O
-	O
no	O
better	O
,	O
no	O
worse	O
than	O
the	O
HP	O
I	O
replaced	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
bad	O
thing	O
about	O
it	O
is	O
they	O
give	O
you	O
the	O
worst	O
batteries	B-aspectTerm
possible	O
.	O

Good	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

THE	O
MOTHERBOARD	O
IS	O
DEAD	O
!	O

I	O
wanted	O
to	O
spend	O
around	O
$	O
700	O
to	O
$	O
800	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
directed	O
to	O
a	O
nice	O
looking	O
HP	O
Laptop	O
.	O

the	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
is	O
fine	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
starting	O
to	O
boil	O
.	O

Hmmm	O
-	O
that	O
high	O
failure	O
rate	O
sure	O
is	O
n't	O
reflected	O
in	O
the	O
retail	B-aspectTerm
price	I-aspectTerm
.	O

BAck	O
she	O
goes	O
!	O

It	O
was	O
not	O
clear	O
that	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Student	I-aspectTerm
Edition	I-aspectTerm
that	O
was	O
loaded	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
was	O
a	O
six	O
month	O
trial	O
.	O

not	O
the	O
day	O
received	O
.	O

Good	O
for	O
every	B-aspectTerm
day	I-aspectTerm
computing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
.	O

While	O
lacking	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
functions	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
other	O
versions	O
,	O
this	O
was	O
very	O
acceptable	O
for	O
the	O
uses	O
planned	O
for	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
alot	O
of	O
trouble	O
with	O
the	O
keys	O
sticking	B-aspectTerm
and	O
will	O
not	O
type	O
correctly	O
.	O

It	O
still	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
little	O
lose	O
now	O
but	O
so	O
far	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
hanging	O
in	O
there	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
by	O
far	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
greatest	O
investments	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
made	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
are	O
a	O
PC	O
user	O
looking	O
to	O
convert	O
I	O
would	O
HIGHLY	O
recommend	O
it	O
!	O

Excellent	O
LED	B-aspectTerm
monitor	I-aspectTerm
and	O
well	O
equipped	O
.	O

This	O
process	O
continued	O
to	O
repeat	O
itself	O
until	O
the	O
mother	O
board	B-aspectTerm
had	I-aspectTerm
been	O
replaced	O
4	O
times	O
and	O
the	O
hard	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
replaced	I-aspectTerm
3	O
times	O
.	O

Without	O
a	O
doubt	O
,	O
the	O
*	O
design	B-aspectTerm
*	O
of	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
fantastic	O
.	O

I	O
could	O
n't	O
believe	O
how	O
long	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
lasted	O
on	O
a	O
single	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
could	O
save	O
ten	O
essay	O
papers	O
and	O
have	O
hardly	O
any	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
left	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
my	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
since	O
August	O
2009	O
.	O

Unfortunately	O
,	O
the	O
laptop	O
I	O
purchased	O
was	O
also	O
a	O
Dell	O
and	O
again	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
i	O
hated	O
it	O
.	O

Took	O
a	O
while	O
to	O
clean	O
it	O
up	O
to	O
my	O
specs	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
so	O
realistic	O
I	O
am	O
just	O
speechless	O
.	O

Other	O
than	O
that	O
,	O
I	O
would	O
recommend	O
this	O
to	O
someone	O
in	O
need	O
of	O
a	O
cheap	O
laptop	O
with	O
semi	O
-	O
decent	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
capabilities	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
that	O
I	O
tried	O
and	O
owning	O
a	O
netbook	O
although	O
I	O
have	O
used	O
3	O
different	O
laptops	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
10	O
years	O
,	O
I	O
find	O
not	O
much	O
difference	O
except	O
of	O
course	O
for	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
the	O
biggest	O
pain	O
is	O
that	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
available	O
24/7	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
differences	O
that	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
know	O
and	O
take	O
time	O
to	O
learn	O
.	O

They	O
have	O
more	O
problems	O
then	O
a	O
1980	O
's	O
computer	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
amazing	O
.	O

Needless	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
not	O
to	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
product	O
.	O

The	O
cool	O
thing	O
about	O
this	O
is	O
anyone	O
can	O
use	O
it	O
.	O

My	O
first	O
laptop	O
was	O
an	O
Acer	O
that	O
I	O
got	O
for	O
Christmas	O
.	O

Still	O
,	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
perfect	O
for	O
all	O
day	O
use	O
at	O
school	O
and	O
work	O
.	O

the	O
internet	O
can	O
be	O
an	O
scary	O
place	O
its	O
up	O
to	O
you	O
on	O
what	O
you	O
do	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
backlit	B-aspectTerm
keys	I-aspectTerm
are	O
wonderful	O
when	O
you	O
are	O
working	O
in	O
the	O
dark	O
.	O

I	O
chose	O
the	O
iBookG4	O
,	O
a	O
laptop	O
that	O
is	O
an	O
attractive	O
computer	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
big	O
enough	O
to	O
please	O
anyone	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
recent	O
being	O
that	O
my	O
Safari	B-aspectTerm
internet	I-aspectTerm
browser	I-aspectTerm
is	O
freaking	O
out	O
on	O
me	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
have	O
just	O
been	O
using	O
firefox	B-aspectTerm
instead	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
say	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
buy	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
machines	O
be	O
careful	O
.	O

Everything	O
about	O
the	O
Mac	O
is	O
not	O
only	O
visually	O
appealing	O
,	O
but	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
know	O
what	O
7	O
hrs	O
of	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
looks	O
like	O
.	O

The	O
Macbooks	O
worth	O
every	O
penny	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
to	O
call	O
the	O
support	B-aspectTerm
line	I-aspectTerm
at	O
all	O
.	O

The	O
laptop	O
is	O
outstanding	O
in	O
all	O
aspects	O
except	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
the	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
starter	I-aspectTerm
and	O
not	O
the	O
full	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
.	O

THE	O
FIRST	O
PROBLEM	O
IS	O
THAT	O
THE	O
KEYBOARD	B-aspectTerm
FUNCTION	I-aspectTerm
IS	O
SIMPLY	O
UNSATISFACTORY	O
.	O

The	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
randomly	O
pops	O
open	O
when	O
it	O
is	O
in	O
my	O
backpack	O
as	O
well	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
annoying	O
.	O

Garageband	B-aspectTerm
is	O
more	O
for	O
the	O
musicians	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
laptop	O
is	O
equipped	O
with	O
a	O
good	O
working	O
microphone	B-aspectTerm
,	O
good	O
enough	O
for	O
beginners	O
and	O
musicians	O
at	O
the	O
intermediate	O
level	O
.	O

I	O
dual	O
boot	O
with	O
Linux	B-aspectTerm
and	O
that	O
other	O
security	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
prone	I-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
performs	B-aspectTerm
flawlessly	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
is	O
the	O
Toshiba	O
had	O
a	O
lot	O
more	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
and	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
space	I-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
if	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
make	O
your	O
product	O
last	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
year	O
,	O
you	O
will	O
not	O
get	O
my	O
business	O
again	O
.	O

There	O
was	O
a	O
little	O
difficulty	O
doing	O
the	O
migration	O
as	O
the	O
firewire	B-aspectTerm
cable	I-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
ca	O
n't	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
the	O
iBook	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Seems	O
like	O
maybe	O
a	O
bad	O
shipment	B-aspectTerm
from	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

Do	O
n't	O
waste	O
your	O
money	O
!	O

Currently	O
if	O
I	O
use	O
the	O
laptop	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
sit	O
it	O
on	O
my	O
lap	O
because	O
it	O
will	O
burn	O
my	O
legs	O
.	O

-Managed	O
to	O
send	O
complaint	O
email	O
.	O

however	O
,	O
they	O
were	O
kind	O
enough	O
to	O
send	O
a	O
replacement	O
free	O
of	O
charge	O
.	O

Seriously	O
considering	O
a	O
larger	O
laptop	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
Dell	O

OS	B-aspectTerm
X	I-aspectTerm
is	O
solid	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
innovations	O
such	O
as	O
quicklook	B-aspectTerm
which	O
save	O
heaps	O
of	O
time	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
everything	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
-	O
check	O
email	O
,	O
facebook	O
,	O
shop	O
,	O
check	O
blogs	O
,	O
write	O
papers	O
,	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
,	O
and	O
we	O
even	O
watch	O
all	O
of	O
our	O
movies	O
on	O
it	O
since	O
we	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
tv	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
simple	O
job	O
.	O

But	O
other	O
than	O
that	O
I	O
am	O
blown	O
away	O
by	O
all	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
this	O
laptop	O
offers	O
.	O

I	O
Hate	O
it	O
!	O

Do	O
n't	O
buy	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
slick	O
and	O
quiet	O
and	O
not	O
bulky	O
like	O
some	O
other	O
laptops	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
leave	O
my	O
MacBook	O
uncharged	O
for	O
upwards	O
of	O
eight	O
hours	O
and	O
it	O
wo	O
n't	O
even	O
be	O
dead	O
.	O

Overall	O
,	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
definitely	O
a	O
keeper	O
with	O
its	O
simple	O
yet	O
stylish	O
design	B-aspectTerm
and	O
its	O
array	O
of	O
fantastic	O
colors	B-aspectTerm
to	O
choose	O
from	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
find	O
that	O
my	O
MacBook	O
has	O
a	O
lot	O
more	O
bells	O
and	O
whistles	O
than	O
a	O
normal	O
PC	O
especially	O
if	O
you	O
enjoy	O
technology	O
,	O
downloading	O
pictures	O
and	O
graphic	O
design	O
.	O

First	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
goes	O
completely	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
learning	O
the	O
finger	O
options	O
for	O
the	O
mousepad	B-aspectTerm
that	O
allow	O
for	O
quicker	O
browsing	B-aspectTerm
of	O
web	O
pages	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
this	O
13	O
"	O
Mac	O
white	O
unibody	O
.	O

the	O
last	O
time	O
we	O
took	O
it	O
to	O
get	O
fixed	O
the	O
guy	O
said	O
that	O
most	O
likely	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
reppative	O
problem	O
and	O
will	O
keep	O
happeneing	O
so	O
hopefully	O
we	O
can	O
get	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
very	O
soon	O
!	O

When	O
I	O
am	O
at	O
Starbucks	O
between	O
clients	O
I	O
get	O
full	O
bars	O
on	O
my	O
HP	O
and	O
1	O
bar	O
on	O
my	O
Eee	O
PC	O
.	O

The	O
PhotoBooth	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
great	O
program	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
takes	O
very	O
good	O
pictures	O
with	O
the	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
camera	I-aspectTerm
.	O

And	O
inconvenient	O
!	O

Many	O
kinds	O
of	O
software	B-aspectTerm
that	O
is	O
necessary	O
to	O
the	O
working	O
person	O
is	O
not	O
available	O
and	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
downloaded	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
speedy	O
.	O

Needs	O
constant	O
repair	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
never	O
purchase	O
a	O
HP	O
again	O
ever	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
for	O
the	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
!	O

It	O
bluescreened	O
on	O
me	O
without	O
any	O
warning	O
,	O
running	O
simply	O
basic	O
Chrome	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
is	O
another	O
reason	O
to	O
like	O
the	O
Mac	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
3	O
-	O
4	O
years	O
researching	O
brands	O
and	O
prices	B-aspectTerm
of	O
laptops	O
.	O

One	O
bad	O
thing	O
is	O
it	O
gets	O
hot	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
stuck	O
w/	O
a	O
broken	O
computer	O
.	O

We	O
researched	O
and	O
found	O
the	O
best	O
price	B-aspectTerm
at	O
MacConnection	O
.	O

Hope	O
this	O
helps	O
!	O

But	O
guess	O
what	O
?	O
(	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
buy	O
an	O
external	O
dvd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
it	O
does	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
built	O
in	O
type	O
)	O
The	O
notebook	O
ca	O
n't	O
be	O
used	O
because	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
read	O
anything	O
for	O
an	O
external	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
.	I-aspectTerm

GET	O
THIS	O
COMPUTER	O
FOR	O
PORTABILITY	B-aspectTerm
AND	O
FAST	O
PROCESSING	B-aspectTerm
!	O
!	O
!	O

Apparently	O
they	O
're	O
not	O
special	O
anymore	O
.	O

I	O
use	O
a	O
cooling	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
but	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
help	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
so	O
glad	O
I	O
purchased	O
a	O
Mac	O
and	O
not	O
another	O
PC	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

99	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

Few	O
viruses	O
to	O
catch	O
;	O

Supplied	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
:	O
The	O
software	B-aspectTerm
that	O
comes	O
with	O
this	O
machine	O
is	O
greatly	O
welcomed	O
compared	O
to	O
what	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
comes	O
with	O
.	O

Steve	O
Jobs	O
,	O
probably	O
needs	O
help	O
and	O
donations	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
not	O
afford	O
a	O
reasonable	O
offers	O
for	O
people	O
that	O
truly	O
are	O
trying	O
to	O
support	O
his	O
baby	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
tired	O
of	O
the	O
inept	O
service	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Garageband	B-aspectTerm
is	O
easy	O
to	O
work	O
with	O
,	O
like	O
all	O
the	O
other	O
apple	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
I	O
've	O
had	O
experience	O
with	O
.	O

No	O
,	O
tey	O
do	O
n't	O
even	O
support	O
their	O
own	O
bios	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
"	O
could	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
bios	B-aspectTerm
"	O
How	O
can	O
a	O
company	O
that	O
makes	O
a	O
fairly	O
decent	O
product	O
get	O
away	O
with	O
such	O
insanity	O
?	O
?	O
!	O
!	O

While	O
many	O
people	O
brag	O
about	O
Mac	O
being	O
"	O
intuitive	O
"	O
,	O
it	O
does	O
take	O
a	O
little	O
time	O
to	O
adjust	O
to	O
coming	O
from	O
a	O
PC	O
,	O
but	O
once	O
I	O
got	O
the	O
hang	O
of	O
it	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
go	O
back	O
.	O

Because	O
we	O
did	O
not	O
purchase	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
in	O
time	O
,	O
we	O
are	O
on	O
the	O
hook	O
for	O
the	O
repair	O
.	O

It	O
started	O
out	O
by	O
randomly	O
ceasing	O
to	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
when	O
it	O
was	O
plugged	O
in	O
(	O
mousing	O
over	O
the	O
battery	O
icon	O
would	O
read	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
"	O
74	O
%	O
,	O
plugged	O
in	O
,	O
not	O
charging	B-aspectTerm
"	O
)	O
,	O
requiring	O
me	O
to	O
unplug	O
it	O
and	O
plug	O
it	O
back	O
in	O
several	O
times	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
looked	O
brand	O
new	O
and	O
was	O
shipped	B-aspectTerm
very	O
quickly	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
are	O
looking	O
for	O
something	O
reliable	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
laptop	O
for	O
you	O
.	O

Info	O
:	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
failed	O
to	O
load	O
because	O
the	O
kernal	B-aspectTerm
is	O
missing	O
,	O
or	O
corrupt	O
.	O

The	O
display	B-aspectTerm
on	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
I	O
've	O
seen	O
in	O
a	O
very	O
long	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
long	O
and	O
very	O
convienent	O
.	O

Most	O
laptops	O
and	O
notebooks	O
are	O
difficult	O
to	O
key	O
on	O
.	O

We	O
did	O
n't	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
already	O
over	O
2,400	O
dollars	O
!	O

But	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
,	O
in	O
general	O
was	O
less	O
than	O
the	O
worth	O
of	O
the	O
cheap	O
laptop	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
first	O
moth	O
of	O
owning	O
this	O
computer	O
its	O
hardrive	B-aspectTerm
failed	O
which	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
replaced	O
.	O

Its	O
also	O
FUN	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
!	O

The	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
and	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
are	O
stunning	O
and	O
although	O
I	O
was	O
a	O
PC	O
person	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
understand	O
how	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
mac	O
fairly	O
quickly	O
.	O

WIth	O
the	O
upgraded	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
never	O
has	O
an	O
issue	O
running	B-aspectTerm
many	O
many	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
at	O
once	O
!	O

Simple	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
great	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
still	O
serves	O
me	O
well	O
both	O
in	O
business	O
and	O
home	O
needs	O
.	O

I	O
use	O
my	O
friends	O
and	O
family	O
's	O
$	O
2000	O
laptops	O
and	O
they	O
are	O
fast	O
and	O
reliable	O
and	O
HP	O
,	O
well	O
,	O
I	O
'll	O
never	O
buy	O
or	O
recommend	O
an	O
HP	O
to	O
anyone	O
!	O

My	O
MacBook	O
is	O
probably	O
the	O
best	O
investment	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
made	O
.	O

The	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
speed	I-aspectTerm
is	O
spectacular	O
.	O

They	O
claim	O
call	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
is	O
still	O
down	O
.	O

Mac	O
also	O
has	O
many	O
apps	B-aspectTerm
and	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
are	O
quite	O
cheap	O
or	O
free	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
shop	O
around	O
in	O
the	O
current	O
market	O
you	O
can	O
find	O
a	O
much	O
better	O
deal	O
.	O

I	O
droped	O
this	O
once	O
from	O
thetable	O
when	O
my	O
baby	O
girl	O
grabed	O
me	O
one	O
day	O
and	O
IT	O
is	O
still	O
working	O
with	O
NO	O
issues	O
!	O

You	O
will	O
love	O
this	O
macbook	O
if	O
you	O
choose	O
to	O
buy	O
it	O
.	O

My	O
house	O
is	O
now	O
100	O
%	O
Macbook	O
.	O

They	O
're	O
not	O
safe	O
,	O
they	O
're	O
not	O
durable	O
,	O
they	O
just	O
a	O
worthless	O
.	O

My	O
husband	O
uses	O
it	O
mostly	O
for	O
games	B-aspectTerm
,	O
email	O
and	O
music	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
no	O
luck	O
with	O
staples	O
or	O
HP	O
to	O
resolve	O
this	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
took	O
the	O
broken	O
cords	B-aspectTerm
into	O
the	O
Apple	O
store	O
and	O
they	O
gave	O
me	O
new	O
ones	O
.	O

My	O
Mac	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
efficient	O
than	O
a	O
PC	O
so	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
need	O
the	O
extra	O
bells	O
and	O
whistles	O
to	O
compete	O
.	O

It	O
WORKS	O
!	O

You	O
just	O
lose	O
a	O
customer	O
.	O

I	O
ve	O
had	O
several	O
calls	O
lasting	O
more	O
than	O
an	O
hour	O
with	O
promises	O
to	O
call	O
back	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
return	O
calls	O
never	O
came	O
.	O

Apparently	O
under	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
there	O
are	O
2	O
little	O
screws	O
and	O
when	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
gets	O
moved	O
back	O
and	O
forth	O
,	O
they	O
come	O
loose	O
.	O

Being	O
a	O
PC	O
user	O
my	O
whole	O
life	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
taking	O
a	O
bit	O
of	O
time	O
to	O
adapt	O
to	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
Mac	O
but	O
I	O
'm	O
finding	O
my	O
way	O
around	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
will	O
constantly	O
be	O
getting	O
hot	O
and	O
burning	O
your	O
leg	O
unless	O
you	O
go	O
through	O
the	O
hassle	O
of	O
taking	O
off	O
the	O
entire	O
back	O
of	O
it	O
just	O
to	O
clean	O
out	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
have	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
gotten	O
superfine	O
sandpaper	O
and	O
"	O
fixed	O
"	O
the	O
edges	B-aspectTerm
by	O
rounding	O
them	O
off	O
.	O

I	O
hate	O
it	O
!	O

returned	O
it	O
.	O

Downfalls	O
:	O
sharp	O
edges	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
a	O
cheap	O
throw	O
together	O
.	O

i	O
needed	O
one	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
to	O
work	O
everyday	O
and	O
this	O
one	O
seems	O
to	O
fit	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
criteria	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
Mac	O
,	O
and	O
do	O
,	O
to	O
anyone	O
looking	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
new	O
computer	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
gorgeous	O
-	O
yummy	O
good	O
.	O

Did	O
I	O
mention	O
everything	O
about	O
it	O
,	O
from	O
size	B-aspectTerm
to	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
to	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
screams	O
BULK	O
?	O

Ca	O
n't	O
wait	O
until	O
I	O
go	O
on	O
vacation	O
and	O
take	O
it	O
with	O
me	O
.	O

Good	O
bye	O
BLUE	O
SCREEN	O
and	O
Critical	O
errors	O
!	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

I	O
had	O
it	O
four	O
months	O
when	O
my	O
disc	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
refused	O
to	O
open	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
after	O
Apple	O
replaced	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
I	O
enjoyed	O
another	O
4	O
months	O
of	O
my	O
new	O
computer	O
,	O
until	O
it	O
froze	O
this	O
morning	O
--	O
completely	O
.	O

Once	O
again	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
told	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
suspicious	O
power	O
supply	B-aspectTerm
problem	O
.	O

It	O
easily	O
fits	O
into	O
most	O
computer	O
bags	O
but	O
does	O
n't	O
weigh	O
down	O
a	O
backpack	O
or	O
satchel	O
when	O
being	O
carried	O
with	O
spirals	O
and/or	O
textbooks	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
starts	B-aspectTerm
fast	O
,	O
does	O
n't	O
crash	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
fantastic	O
display	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
small	O
and	O
light	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
the	O
13.3	O
"	O
model	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
n't	O
always	O
complaining	O
about	O
updates	O
,	O
lost	O
connections	O
,	O
errors	O
,	O
blue	O
screens	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
kind	O
of	O
a	O
rebellion	O
against	O
PC	O
in	O
fact	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
certainly	O
glad	O
I	O
did	O
.	O

Unable	O
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
this	O
brand	O
new	O
laptop	O
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
design	O
tools	O
on	O
Pages	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Keynotes	B-aspectTerm
makes	O
it	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
create	O
professional	O
looking	O
documents	O
and	O
presentations	O
.	O

I	O
actually	O
had	O
the	O
hard	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
replaced	O
twice	O
,	O
the	O
mother	O
board	B-aspectTerm
once	O
,	O
the	O
dvd	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
twice	O
,	O
then	O
they	O
FINALLY	O
agreed	O
to	O
replace	O
it	O
,	O
(	O
ALL	O
OF	O
THIS	O
IN	O
LESS	O
THAN	O
1	O
1/2	O
YEARS	O
!	O

I	O
really	O
do	O
n't	O
like	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
am	O
stuck	O
.	O

The	O
guy	O
then	O
said	O
that	O
if	O
I	O
insist	O
on	O
having	O
the	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
tightened	O
,	O
they	O
can	O
do	O
it	O
for	O
me	O
but	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
accept	O
the	O
condition	O
after	O
the	O
"	O
repair	O
"	O
.	O

The	O
port	B-aspectTerm
is	O
secured	O
to	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
so	O
when	O
this	O
happens	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
see	O
the	O
plug	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
just	O
gone	O
.	O

-Stay	O
away	O
from	O
MacHouse	O
Amsterdam	O
.	O

Once	O
again	O
apple	O
stands	O
alone	O
at	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
charts	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
feel	O
of	O
the	O
key	B-aspectTerm
board	I-aspectTerm
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Now	O
I	O
have	O
the	O
best	O
of	O
both	O
worlds	O
with	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
power	B-aspectTerm
and	O
ease	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
Mac	O
!	O

These	O
new	O
problems	O
were	O
the	O
final	O
straws	O
;	O

luckly	O
i	O
had	O
a	O
student	O
task	O
force	O
able	O
to	O
help	O
,	O
or	O
else	O
it	O
would	O
have	O
crashed	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
year	O
.	O

That	O
seemed	O
to	O
solve	O
the	O
problem	O
,	O
till	O
I	O
wrote	O
an	O
article	O
with	O
semicolons	O
in	O
it	O
.	O

Ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
is	O
just	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
benefits	O
I	O
love	O
about	O
my	O
Mac	O
.	O

-Touchpad	O
will	O
take	O
a	O
bit	O
of	O
time	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
.	O

We	O
both	O
recently	O
got	O
new	O
laptops	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
a	O
PC	O
user	O
and	O
I	O
just	O
finally	O
switched	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
never	O
going	O
back	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
the	O
Macbook	O
and	O
he	O
got	O
a	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
.	O

Winters	O
is	O
on	O
it	O
's	O
way	O
and	O
I	O
imagine	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
cozy	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
about	O
a	O
month	O
ago	O
to	O
replace	O
my	O
compaq	O
laptop	O
.	O

Now	O
the	O
machine	O
wo	O
n't	O
connect	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
says	O
that	O
they	O
did	O
replace	O
the	O
connection	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
in	O
May	O
but	O
they	O
only	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
the	O
repair	O
for	O
30	O
days	O
and	O
now	O
I	O
'm	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
even	O
though	O
this	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
constant	O
5	O
month	O
occurance	O
since	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
netbook	O
.	O

Will	O
certainly	O
use	O
MacConnection	O
again	O
.	O

But	O
,	O
buy	O
this	O
model	O
and	O
just	O
purchase	O
4	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
(	O
2x2	O
GB	O
for	O
$	O
92	O
or	O
1x4	O
GB	O
for	O
$	O
99	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
save	O
yourself	O
$	O
100	O
than	O
the	O
other	O
model	O
with	O
8	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
.	O

this	O
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
reasons	O
I	O
purchased	O
it	O
.	O

Instead	O
of	O
taking	O
another	O
chance	O
on	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
I	O
went	O
with	O
an	O
Asus	O
G73JH	O
-	O
x3	O
.	O

She	O
told	O
me	O
flatly	O
,	O
"	O
It	O
's	O
like	O
that	O
one	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
're	O
looking	O
for	O
something	O
to	O
fly	O
through	O
those	O
massive	O
spreadsheets	O
or	O
play	O
a	O
graphics	O
-	O
intensive	O
game	B-aspectTerm
,	O
you	O
'd	O
be	O
better	O
off	O
getting	O
a	O
machine	O
aimed	O
at	O
that	O
segment	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
the	O
easiest	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
used	O

So	O
you	O
might	O
ask	O
,	O
what	O
did	O
Apple	O
do	O
for	O
me	O
?	O

Browsing	B-aspectTerm
,	O
also	O
,	O
was	O
no	O
problem	O
for	O
me	O
when	O
I	O
used	O
itunes	B-aspectTerm
(	O
which	O
usually	O
slows	O
down	O
my	O
PC	O
)	O
.	O

Should	O
be	O
there	O
by	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
week	O
(	O
again	O
...	O
)	O
.	O

Again	O
,	O
decent	O
comp	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
in	O
need	O
of	O
one	O
quickly	O
as	O
my	O
other	O
laptop	O
died	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

so	O
in	O
a	O
brief	O
summary	O
i	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
i	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
dell	O
vostro	O
1000	O
to	O
anyone	O
due	O
to	O
it	O
being	O
a	O
down	O
right	O
awful	O
setup	B-aspectTerm
so	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
you	O
should	O
steer	O
clear	O
of	O
them	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
a	O
decent	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
got	O
this	O
laptop	O
for	O
college	O
,	O
and	O
so	O
far	O
I	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

tosiba	O
has	O
a	O
good	O
reputation	O
,	O
my	O
llast	O
computer	O
was	O
an	O
acer	O
.	O

My	O
friend	O
just	O
had	O
to	O
replace	O
his	O
entire	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
,	O
so	O
did	O
my	O
wife	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
looks	O
like	O
I	O
will	O
have	O
to	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

Toshiba	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
services	I-aspectTerm
will	I-aspectTerm
indirectly	O
deal	O
with	O
your	O
problems	O
by	O
constantly	O
tranferring	O
you	O
from	O
one	O
country	O
to	O
another	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
not	O
kidding	O
you	O
,	O
I	O
called	O
different	O
hours	O
of	O
the	O
day	O
and	O
you	O
'll	O
get	O
someone	O
else	O
from	O
another	O
country	O
trying	O
to	O
get	O
you	O
to	O
tell	O
them	O
your	O
life	O
story	O
all	O
over	O
again	O
,	O
since	O
they	O
make	O
it	O
sound	O
like	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
your	O
history	O
list	O
of	O
your	O
calls	O
right	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
them	O
.	O

Quality	B-aspectTerm
Display	I-aspectTerm
I	O
was	O
surprised	O
with	O
the	O
performance	O
and	O
quality	O
of	O
this	O
HP	O
Laptop	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
also	O
does	O
n't	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
the	O
claim	O
but	O
still	O
I	O
think	O
macbook	O
is	O
much	O
ahead	O
from	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
pack	O
.	O

The	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
capabilities	I-aspectTerm
are	O
also	O
very	O
strong	O
and	O
picks	O
up	O
signals	O
very	O
easily	O
.	O

Its	O
fast	O
,	O
has	O
High	B-aspectTerm
definition	I-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
videos	O
.	O

They	O
transfer	O
you	O
around	O
to	O
other	O
people	O
who	O
do	O
not	O
understand	O
what	O
you	O
are	O
saying	O
and	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
understand	O
what	O
they	O
are	O
saying	O
.	O

Speakers	B-aspectTerm
do	O
n't	O
get	O
that	O
loud	O
,	O
but	O
good	O
enough	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
9	O
months	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
already	O
a	O
$	O
250	O
loss	O
.	O

Another	O
Great	O
thing	O
is	O
the	O
Beast	B-aspectTerm
graphics	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
WRONG	O
!	O

The	O
ease	O
of	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
was	O
terrific	O
.	O

Everything	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
has	O
worked	O
and	O
I	O
never	O
have	O
to	O
carry	O
the	O
wall	B-aspectTerm
charger	I-aspectTerm
cause	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
is	O
so	O
awesome	O
.	O

Screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
crystal	O
clear	O
,	O
yes	O
it	O
's	O
small	O
-	O
but	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
netbook	O
!	O

So	O
this	O
review	O
might	O
be	O
a	O
tad	O
bit	O
bias	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
around	O
three	O
years	O
,	O
maybe	O
four	O
years	O
ago	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
probably	O
an	O
hour	O
at	O
best	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
review	O
of	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
vista	I-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

She	O
said	O
its	O
very	O
user	O
friendly	O
.	O

Kind	O
of	O
annoying	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
love	O
the	O
laptop	O
.	O

cosmetically	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
they	O
changed	O
was	O
2	O
of	O
the	O
Function	B-aspectTerm
keys	I-aspectTerm
at	O
the	O
top	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
Mac	O
,	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
extra	O
money	O
.	O

But	O
sadly	O
the	O
replacement	O
froze	O
-	O
up	O
while	O
updating	O
the	O
BIOS	B-aspectTerm
again	O
and	O
shut	O
down	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
turn	O
back	O
on	O
.	O

There	O
's	O
literally	O
no	O
way	O
to	O
make	O
it	O
sing	O
with	O
Vista	O
.	B-aspectTerm

After	O
looking	O
at	O
all	O
the	O
pros	O
and	O
cons	O
,	O
I	O
decided	O
on	O
the	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
.	O

Screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
is	O
perfect	O
for	O
portable	O
use	O
in	O
any	O
environment	O
.	O

First	O
,	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
push	B-aspectTerm
button	I-aspectTerm
to	O
open	O
the	O
lid	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Hope	O
this	O
helped	O
!	O

I	O
used	O
to	O
build	O
my	O
own	O
desktops	O
from	O
the	O
component	O
parts	O
,	O
and	O
recently	O
my	O
7	O
year	O
old	O
Pentium	B-aspectTerm
4	I-aspectTerm
with	O
HT	O
1	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
ram	I-aspectTerm
SATA	O
desktop	O
stopped	O
working	O
(	O
this	O
was	O
a	O
rock	O
star	O
7	O
years	O
ago	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
now	O
realize	O
that	O
my	O
$	O
900	O
would	O
have	O
been	O
better	O
spent	O
on	O
a	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
laptop	O
.	O

Please	O
,	O
anyone	O
who	O
is	O
considering	O
getting	O
this	O
computer	O
,	O
stop	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
serves	O
all	O
my	O
needs	O
.	O

)	O
And	O
printing	O
from	O
either	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processor	I-aspectTerm
is	O
an	O
adventure	O
.	O

Very	O
satisfied	O
.	O

Do	O
not	O
buy	O
it	O
!	O

-Estimated	O
time	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
:	O
10	O
working	O
days	O
or	O
less	O
.	O

After	O
purchasing	O
this	O
thing	O
,	O
I	O
find	O
out	O
that	O
I	O
need	O
a	O
special	O
interface	B-aspectTerm
device	I-aspectTerm
to	O
connect	O
my	O
camera	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
purchased	O
at	O
the	O
store	O
-	O
only	O
on	O
line	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
my	O
computer	O
custom	O
built	O
from	O
Sonystyle.com	O
.	O

Another	O
included	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
that	O
is	O
laughable	O
is	O
the	O
chess	O
game	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
I	O
thought	O
the	O
expese	B-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
little	O
much	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
now	O
realize	O
you	O
get	O
what	O
you	O
pay	O
for	O
.	O

It	O
works	O
great	O
for	O
general	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
use	I-aspectTerm
,	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
apps	I-aspectTerm
,	O
home	O
bookkeeping	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
not	O
buy	O
another	O
one	O
.	O

Time	O
will	O
tell	O
.	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
was	O
very	O
good	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
product	O
is	O
top	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
computer	O
is	O
really	O
fast	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
shocked	O
as	O
to	O
how	O
easy	O
it	O
is	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
...	O

It	O
played	O
various	O
games	B-aspectTerm
without	O
problems	O
and	O
ran	O
aero	B-aspectTerm
smoothly	O
and	O
flawlessly	O
.	O

After	O
replacing	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	O
(	O
3	O
months	O
of	O
use	O
)	O
which	O
was	O
frustrating	O
.	O

The	O
screen	O
almost	B-aspectTerm
looked	O
like	O
a	O
barcode	O
when	O
it	O
froze	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
found	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
online	O
sources	O
to	O
help	O
me	O
but	O
think	O
that	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
learned	O
a	O
lot	O
quicker	O
if	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
taken	O
the	O
class	O
.	O

From	O
the	O
get	O
-	O
go	O
,	O
the	O
M6809	O
was	O
unsteady	O
in	O
its	O
operation	B-aspectTerm
;	O

She	O
tells	O
me	O
about	O
it	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
but	O
I	O
tend	O
to	O
shut	O
off	O
all	O
cognitive	O
functions	O
when	O
she	O
gets	O
that	O
yapper	O
going	O
.	O

I	O
could	O
not	O
even	O
put	O
my	O
entire	O
music	O
collection	O
on	O
this	O
garabage	O
.	O

One	O
of	O
the	O
wonderful	O
things	O
about	O
Macs	O
is	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
virus	O
free	O
.	O

Its	O
small	O
enough	O
where	O
I	O
can	O
take	O
it	O
pretty	O
much	O
anywhere	O
,	O
but	O
still	O
has	O
a	O
big	O
enough	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
to	O
get	O
everything	O
done	O
.	O

It	O
even	O
has	O
a	O
great	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
Skype	B-aspectTerm
works	O
very	O
well	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
solid	O
machined	B-aspectTerm
aluminum	I-aspectTerm
frame	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
best	O
of	O
any	O
laptop	O
I	O
've	O
used	O
.	O

You	O
can	O
even	O
run	O
a	O
parallels	B-aspectTerm
type	I-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
easily	O
and	O
run	O
any	O
leftover	O
PC	O
software	B-aspectTerm
that	O
you	O
absolutely	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
without	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
I	O
used	O
daily	O
nice	O
compact	O
design	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
ATI	B-aspectTerm
graphics	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
huge	O
plus	O
,	O
definitely	O
a	O
good	O
value	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
run	O
some	O
slightly	O
older	O
games	B-aspectTerm
that	O
a	O
Intel	B-aspectTerm
built	I-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
would	O
have	O
trouble	O
with	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Half	O
-	O
Life	O
2	O
or	O
even	O
World	O
of	O
Warcraft	O
.	O

I	O
practically	O
have	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
with	O
all	O
the	O
"	O
fixes	O
"	O
they	O
have	O
done	O
!	O

Finally	O
,	O
I	O
purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
hard	O
to	O
handle	B-aspectTerm
and	O
operate	B-aspectTerm
at	O
school	O
.	O

You	O
may	O
just	O
lose	O
1	O
customer	O
for	O
now	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
all	O
the	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
and	O
power	B-aspectTerm
I	O
could	O
ask	O
for	O
.	O

My	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
cord	I-aspectTerm
developed	O
exposed	O
wires	O
within	O
the	O
first	O
year	O
of	O
ownership	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
was	O
covered	O
by	O
the	O
Applecare	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
plan	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Many	O
thanks	O
,	O
Overstock.com	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
it	O
and	O
the	O
change	O
in	O
lifestyle	O
that	O
came	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

)	O
only	O
to	O
get	O
another	O
"	O
HP	O
/	O
Compaq	O
"	O
piece	O
of	O
crap	O
.	O

I	O
preferred	O
the	O
fit	O
and	O
feel	O
of	O
the	O
13	B-aspectTerm
inch	I-aspectTerm
.	O

power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
went	O
bad	O
after	O
2	O
weeks	O
--	O

Emachines	O
says	O
they	O
're	O
waiting	O
for	O
a	O
part	O
and	O
refuses	O
to	O
replace	O
entire	O
unit	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
takes	O
some	O
getting	O
use	O
to	O
,	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
smaller	O
than	O
the	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
regret	O
buying	O
it	O
before	O
understanding	O
how	O
awful	O
it	O
is	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
right	B-aspectTerm
speaker	I-aspectTerm
did	O
not	O
work	O
.	O

Dealing	O
with	O
the	O
support	O
drone	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
other	O
end	O
of	O
the	O
chat	O
was	O
sheer	O
torture	O
.	O

The	O
Final	B-aspectTerm
Cut	I-aspectTerm
Pro	I-aspectTerm
on	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
so	O
fast	O
and	O
easy	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
can	O
use	O
this	O
to	O
seemlessly	O
transfer	O
all	O
my	O
work	O
to	O
my	O
home	O
computer	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
extremely	O
slowly	O
,	O
whether	O
opening	O
Word	O
or	O
My	O
Computer	O
.	O

But	O
I	O
am	O
glad	O
to	O
have	O
gotten	O
mine	O
right	O
before	O
they	O
stopped	O
making	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
Snow	I-aspectTerm
Leopard	I-aspectTerm
O	I-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
S	I-aspectTerm
is	O
extremely	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
although	O
very	O
different	O
than	O
Win	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
,	O
Visa	B-aspectTerm
or	O
Win7	B-aspectTerm
.	O

A	O
tip	O
for	O
people	O
looking	O
into	O
this	O
computer	O
:	O
DO	O
NOT	O
BUY	O
IT	O
save	O
up	O
a	O
bit	O
more	O
money	O
and	O
buy	O
a	O
computer	O
that	O
will	O
last	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
always	O
used	O
PC	O
's	O
for	O
work	O
home	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
my	O
first	O
experience	O
with	O
a	O
Mac	O
.	O

i	O
asked	O
many	O
people	O
,	O
search	O
on	O
the	O
net	O
and	O
also	O
read	O
reviews	O
here	O
in	O
best	O
buy	O
.	O

Startup	B-aspectTerm
in	O
about	O
30	O
seconds	O
,	O
shutdown	B-aspectTerm
in	O
2	O
-	O
4	O
seconds	O
,	O
resume	B-aspectTerm
from	I-aspectTerm
sleep	I-aspectTerm
in	O
0	O
-	O
2	O
seconds	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
nice	O
and	O
the	O
images	O
comes	O
very	O
clear	O
,	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
fit	B-aspectTerm
just	O
feels	O
right	O
.	O

I	O
returned	O
it	O
to	O
Best	O
Buy	O
on	O
the	O
ninteenth	O
of	O
April	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
only	O
had	O
PCs	O
with	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
before	O
so	O
this	O
takes	O
a	O
little	O
getting	O
use	O
to	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
so	O
excited	O
to	O
receive	O
the	O
Toshiba	O
L455	O
as	O
a	O
gift	O
/	O
bonus	O
for	O
some	O
work	O
I	O
had	O
done	O
for	O
a	O
friend	O
of	O
mine	O
!	O

I	O
had	O
left	O
my	O
regular	O
laptop	O
at	O
home	O
and	O
needed	O
something	O
to	O
use	O
while	O
out	O
of	O
town	O
.	O

Summary	O
:	O
After	O
doing	O
some	O
investigation	O
on	O
the	O
web	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
found	O
that	O
Toshiba	O
NB205s	O
are	O
not	O
chronically	O
not	O
booting	O
.	O

super	O
fast	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
and	O
really	O
nice	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
..	O

But	O
sitting	O
on	O
a	O
lap	O
or	O
on	O
a	O
desk	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
you	O
it	O
looks	O
more	O
than	O
big	O
enough	O
(	O
this	O
could	O
be	O
because	O
I	O
m	O
used	O
to	O
my	O
Lenovo	O
10	O
tablet	O
now	O
)	O
plus	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
size	B-aspectTerm
if	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
unplug	O
the	O
external	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
,	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
monitor	B-aspectTerm
to	O
take	O
it	O
with	O
me	O
when	O
I	O
take	O
photos	O
and	O
video	O
.	O

I	O
Contacted	O
HP	O
about	O
this	O
situation	O
and	O
was	O
given	O
excuses	O
,	O
without	O
results	O
.	O

You	O
know	O
what	O
?	O
I	O
happened	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
defective	O
blood	O
pressure	O
monitor	O
a	O
week	O
ago	O
at	O
the	O
Bukit	O
Batok	O
Polyclinic	O
NHG	O
Pharmacy	O
a	O
week	O
ago	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
objection	O
I	O
have	O
is	O
that	O
after	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
the	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
starter	O
and	O
charges	O
for	O
the	O
upgrade	O
.	O

I	O
dislike	O
the	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
and	O
size	B-aspectTerm
,	O
cubersome	O
.	O

The	O
wheel	B-aspectTerm
that	O
turns	O
the	O
volume	O
up	O
and	O
down	O
does	O
n't	O
work	O
in	O
real	O
time	O
.	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
even	O
install	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
3	O
printers	O
I	O
have	O
in	O
my	O
house	O
so	O
I	O
am	O
unable	O
to	O
print	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
happier	O
with	O
the	O
service	B-aspectTerm
or	O
product	O
.	O

Everything	O
was	O
so	O
easy	O
.	O

To	O
list	O
a	O
few	O
:	O
They	O
tend	O
to	O
get	O
hot	O
enough	O
to	O
cause	O
3rd	O
degree	O
burns	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
ignite	O
any	O
flamable	O
material	O
if	O
near	O
the	O
part	O
that	O
happens	O
to	O
heat	O
up	O
.	O

Got	O
this	O
for	O
a	O
graduation	O
gift	O
for	O
my	O
daughter	O
for	O
her	O
to	O
use	O
at	O
college	O
.	O

I	O
do	O
transcription	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
side	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
flatline	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
makes	O
typing	O
quick	O
and	O
easy	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

After	O
5	O
months	O
of	O
failed	O
repairs	O
,	O
requested	O
a	O
full	O
refund	O
but	O
was	O
refused	O
and	O
it	O
still	O
is	O
not	O
repaired	O
and	O
Acer	O
is	O
indifferent	O
to	O
the	O
issue	O
.	O

The	O
Toshiba	O
laptop	O
was	O
a	O
great	O
purchase	O
.	O

After	O
years	O
of	O
using	O
PCs	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
Mac	O
user	O
is	O
basically	O
forced	O
to	O
re	O
-	O
learn	O
how	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
computer	O
.	O

Speakers	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
sound	O
that	O
great	O
.	O

You	O
better	O
believe	O
my	O
next	O
computer	O
will	O
be	O
a	O
MAC	O
!	O

I	O
love	O
it	O
!	O

I	O
love	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
but	O
i	O
ca	O
n't	O
give	O
Toshiba	O
any	O
credit	O
for	O
that	O
,	O
unless	O
y'	O
all	O
get	O
serious	O
about	O
ergonomics	B-aspectTerm
and	O
making	O
required	O
connections	B-aspectTerm
less	O
obtrusive	O
i	O
will	O
be	O
looking	O
to	O
different	O
manufacturer	O
next	O
time	O
.	O

Now	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
it	O
I	O
see	O
that	O
I	O
really	O
needed	O
this	O
for	O
much	O
more	O
.	O

After	O
numerous	O
calls	O
to	O
Applecare	B-aspectTerm
tech	I-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
was	O
directed	O
to	O
send	O
in	O
my	O
computer	O
;	O

The	O
"	O
abuse	O
"	O
is	O
that	O
I	O
pushed	O
the	O
power	B-aspectTerm
plug	I-aspectTerm
in	O
too	O
hard	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
find	O
documents	O
,	O
and	O
keep	O
them	O
in	O
one	O
area	O
.	O

The	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
on	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
is	O
almost	O
pure	O
HD	O
.	O

With	O
all	O
the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
came	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
iLife	B-aspectTerm
and	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
was	O
set	O
from	O
the	O
very	O
beginning	O
.	O

Not	O
sure	O
how	O
I	O
recommend	O
it	O
for	O
quality	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
,	O
as	O
I	O
have	O
a	O
desktop	O
rig	O
for	O
that	O
reason	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
netbook	O
for	O
traveling	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
great	O
-	O
light	O
,	O
functional	O
,	O
and	O
meets	O
my	O
needs	O
.	O

Easy	O
learning	O
curve	O
.	O

I	O
go	O
to	O
purchase	O
it	O
on	O
line	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
find	O
out	O
that	O
the	O
device	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
available	O
until	O
almost	O
two	O
months	O
later	O
!	O

dell	O
is	O
a	O
decently	O
made	O
pc	O
.	O

Great	O
value	B-aspectTerm
,	O
fast	O
delivery-	B-aspectTerm
Computer	O
works	O
as	O
if	O
brand	O
new	O
,	O
no	O
problems	O
,	O
very	O
pleased	O

The	O
Internet	B-aspectTerm
Explorer	I-aspectTerm
was	O
very	O
slow	O
from	O
the	O
very	O
beginning	O
.	O

The	O
AC	B-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
becomes	O
loose	O
over	O
time	O

Best	O
Buy	O
laughed	O
when	O
I	O
told	O
them	O
they	O
should	O
replace	O
it	O
instead	O
of	O
expecting	O
me	O
to	O
be	O
without	O
a	O
computer	O
again	O
for	O
another	O
couple	O
of	O
weeks	O
.	O

As	O
a	O
user	O
of	O
a	O
PC	O
,	O
I	O
will	O
will	O
admit	O
that	O
the	O
macBook	O
Pro	O
has	O
a	O
better	O
running	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
in	O
which	O
I	O
found	O
myself	O
"	O
Getting	O
the	O
job	O
done	O
quicker	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
would	O
not	O
ever	O
cut	O
back	O
on	O
.	O

The	O
ease	O
in	O
which	O
you	O
set	O
everything	O
up	O
is	O
such	O
that	O
a	O
child	O
could	O
do	O
it	O
.	O

i	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
that	O
overall	O
its	O
great	O
!	O

There	O
are	O
no	O
gold	O
key	O
numbers	O
too	O
intall	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
,	O
you	O
must	O
use	O
the	O
serial	O
numbers	O
that	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
accept	O
and	O
then	O
things	O
are	O
limited	O
as	O
far	O
a	O
working	O
because	O
they	O
are	O
only	O
good	O
for	O
a	O
short	O
time	O
.	O

and	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
awesome	O
ergonomic	O
small	O
lightweight	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
with	O
a	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
that	O
weighed	O
more	O
than	O
the	O
machine	O
itself	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
the	O
inside	O
that	O
is	O
truly	O
wonderful	O
.	O

Enjoy	O
that	O
Toshib	O
force	B-aspectTerm
and	O
durability	B-aspectTerm
unparalleled	O

I	O
purchased	O
this	O
laptop	O
9	O
months	O
ago	O
!	O

Which	O
is	O
great	O
I	O
am	O
running	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
Business	I-aspectTerm
and	O
scored	O
a	O
5.X	O
on	O
the	O
index	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
seen	O
a	O
windows	O
machine	O
have	O
a	O
total	O
score	O
in	O
the	O
5	O
's	O
.	O

Returning	O
this	O
as	O
soon	O
as	O
I	O
get	O
out	O
of	O
work	O

I	O
use	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
basically	O
check	O
emails	O
,	O
surf	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
web	I-aspectTerm
,	O
print	O
coupons	O
and	O
for	O
my	O
college	O
papers	O
.	O

This	O
unit	O
is	O
not	O
.	O

We	O
love	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
,	O
although	O
it	O
is	O
still	O
lightweight	O
and	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
tote	B-aspectTerm
around	O
.	O

They	O
are	O
n't	O
worth	O
the	O
money	O
,	O
even	O
though	O
they	O
are	O
on	O
the	O
cheap	O
side	O
,	O
laptop	O
speaking	O
.	O

Either	O
way	O
the	O
entire	O
thing	O
was	O
just	O
a	O
joke	O
,	O
a	O
complete	O
rip	O
off	O
!	O

so	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
computer	O
does	O
not	O
work	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
24	O
twenty	O
fourth	O
day	O
is	O
my	O
fault	O
.	O

So	O
glad	O
I	O
decided	O
to	O
upgrade	O
!	O

I	O
would	O
definitely	O
reccomend	O
this	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
for	O
an	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
stylish	O
,	O
fun	O
,	O
awesome	O
computer	O
.	O

the	O
battery	O
is	B-aspectTerm
irreplaceable	O
.	O

*	O
IF	O
YOU	O
ARE	O
LOOKING	O
FOR	O
A	O
GOOD	O
LAPTOP	O
,	O
THIS	O
IS	O
NOT	O
IT	O
!	O

If	O
you	O
want	O
a	O
little	O
more	O
custom	O
ability	O
,	O
drop	O
a	O
few	O
bucks	O
and	O
upgrade	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
more	O
robust	O
versions	O
of	O
Win	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
and	O
grab	O
a	O
2	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
stick	I-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
to	O
spice	O
it	O
all	O
up	O
a	O
bit	O
more	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
catatonic	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
never	O
really	O
been	O
big	O
on	O
downloading	O
anything	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
n't	O
too	O
worried	O
about	O
getting	O
a	O
virus	O
,	O
plus	O
I	O
thought	O
I	O
was	O
protected	O
by	O
Norton	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
was	O
locekd	O
and	O
froze	O
every	O
time	O
it	O
was	O
trying	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
command	B-aspectTerm
prompt	I-aspectTerm
would	O
not	O
work	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
software	B-aspectTerm
and	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
enable	O
it	O
to	O
do	O
amazing	O
things	O
.	O

The	O
Toshiba	O
Satellite	O
laptop	O
is	O
DESIGNED	O
to	O
fail	O
!	O

He	O
came	O
into	O
my	O
house	O
,	O
fiddled	O
around	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
for	O
a	O
good	O
forty	O
minutes	O
and	O
got	O
ready	O
to	O
leave	O
before	O
it	O
was	O
even	O
done	O
doing	O
what	O
he	O
was	O
doing	O
to	O
it	O
.	O

My	O
wireless	O
provider	O
confirmed	O
my	O
home	O
internet	O
is	O
fine	O
,	O
and	O
any	O
connections	O
I	O
turn	O
on	O
should	O
work	O
.	O

Could	O
not	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
me	O
and	O
finally	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
could	O
have	O
purchased	O
a	O
cheap	O
computer	O
to	O
do	O
what	O
I	O
'm	O
doing	O
now	O
!	O

I	O
am	O
most	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
programming	B-aspectTerm
,	O
including	O
the	O
iPhoto	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Speakers	B-aspectTerm
too	O
small	O
to	O
be	O
of	O
any	O
real	O
use	O
.	O

I	O
upgraded	O
it	O
's	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
to	O
2	O
GB	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
Satellite	O
M60	O
(	O
with	O
harman	O
/	O
kardon	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
!	O
)	O
in	O
December	O
of	O
2005	O
.	O

Dismantle	O
the	O
whole	O
thing	O
?	O
Then	O
it	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
a	O
newly	O
manufactured	O
set	O
like	O
before	O
.	O

They	O
should	O
have	O
included	O
more	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
on	O
their	O
computers	O
if	O
they	O
knew	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
would	O
run	O
slowly	O
.	O

Battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
could	O
be	O
better	O
but	O
overall	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Toshiba	O
's	O
reputation	O
for	O
laptops	O
it	O
's	O
great	O
!	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
never	O
held	O
a	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
longer	O
than	O
one	O
hour	O
and	O
within	O
two	O
months	O
,	O
stopped	O
holding	O
a	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
for	O
more	O
than	O
ten	O
minutes	O
.	O

It	O
would	O
n't	O
fit	O
in	O
most	O
17-inch	O
bags	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
time	O
it	O
crashed	O
was	O
maybe	O
going	O
on	O
a	O
year	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
of	O
having	O
it	O
.	O

After	O
the	O
warrenty	O
expired	B-aspectTerm
the	O
hard	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
went	I-aspectTerm
bad	O
and	O
it	O
would	O
have	O
cost	O
more	O
to	O
fix	O
then	O
to	O
replace	O
.	O

I	O
paid	O
$	O
800	O
for	O
this	O
computer	O
from	O
my	O
school	O
campus	O
bookstore	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
small	O
enough	O
to	O
fit	O
in	O
one	O
of	O
my	O
purses	O
!	O

The	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
is	O
,	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
,	O
a	O
great	O
way	O
to	O
think	O
about	O
using	O
your	O
netbook	O
:	O
basics	O
,	O
basics	O
,	O
basics	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
very	O
worried	O
about	O
making	O
the	O
two	O
compatible-	O
but	O
literally	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
so	O
simple	O
I	O
was	O
almost	O
worried	O
that	O
I	O
was	O
doing	O
something	O
wrong	O
.	O

Note	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
ordinarily	O
take	O
the	O
time	O
to	O
write	O
a	O
review	O
.	O

The	O
neat	O
and	O
organized	O
icon	B-aspectTerm
list	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
welcome	O
change	O
from	O
cluttered	O
and	O
confusing	O
desktop	B-aspectTerm
icons	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
purchased	O
this	O
netbook	O
after	O
my	O
original	O
Toshiba	O
laptop	O
crashed	O
right	O
after	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
expired	O
.	O

Apparently	O
well	O
-	O
built	B-aspectTerm
and	O
gorgeous	O
to	O
look	B-aspectTerm
at	O
,	O
the	O
i5	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
is	O
a	O
winning	O
combination	O
of	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
.	O

ASUS	O
has	O
done	O
an	O
outstanding	O
job	O
of	O
evolving	O
their	O
netbooks	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
would	O
recommend	O
this	O
to	O
anyone	O
who	O
both	O
understands	O
their	O
needs	O
and	O
how	O
netbooks	O
can	O
fit	O
them	O
.	O

The	O
apple	B-aspectTerm
care	I-aspectTerm
has	O
never	O
failed	O
me	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
expect	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
same	O
for	O
this	O
computer	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

Buyer	O
Beware	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
served	O
my	O
needs	O
quite	O
nicely	O
for	O
the	O
most	O
part	O
.	O

The	O
Toshiba	O
laptop	O
I	O
am	O
using	O
is	O
easier	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
than	O
most	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
.	O

So	O
I	O
called	O
Compaq	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
being	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
for	O
3	O
hours	O
,	O
i	O
finally	O
got	O
a	O
replacement	O
which	O
I	O
should	O
n't	O
have	O
had	O
a	O
problem	O
getting	O
since	O
it	O
was	O
under	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

So	O
we	O
exchanged	O
it	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
on	O
and	O
after	O
2	O
hours	O
it	O
did	O
n't	O
work	B-aspectTerm
.	O

do	O
not	O
buy	O
you	O
will	O
be	O
disappointed	O
.	O

I	O
just	O
recently	O
had	O
to	O
ship	O
my	O
laptop	O
back	O
to	O
HP	O
for	O
repair	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
geek	O
squad	O
guys	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
because	O
it	O
has	O
had	O
viruses	O
3	O
times	O
and	O
i	O
have	O
not	O
even	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
more	O
then	O
4	O
months	O
!	O

We	O
do	O
n't	O
Mind	O
and	O
You	O
do	O
n't	O
Matter	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
,	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
functions	B-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
as	O
time	O
went	O
on	O
I	O
found	O
it	O
almost	O
impossible	O
to	O
keep	O
the	O
thing	O
on	O
-	O
line	O
through	O
wi	O
-	O
fi	O
.	O

the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
is	O
way	O
way	O
way	O
to	O
sensitve	O
.	O

Toshiba	O
knows	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
manufacturing	O
defect	O
but	O
will	O
not	O
acknowledge	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
still	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
the	O
day	O
that	O
the	O
laptop	O
was	O
purchased	O
and	O
continues	O
to	O
run	B-aspectTerm
flawlessly	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
I	O
issued	O
a	O
replacement	O
RMA	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
dead	O
pixels	O
in	O
the	O
upper	O
zone	O
of	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
noticable	O
to	O
me	O
.	O

Waited	O
on	O
getting	O
this	O
computer	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
great	O
change	O
.	O

After	O
way	O
too	O
many	O
times	O
sending	O
the	O
thing	O
in	O
for	O
repairs	O
(	O
delivery	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
was	O
slow	O
,	O
and	O
without	O
the	O
laptop	O
I	O
had	O
no	O
access	O
to	O
the	O
internet	O
,	O
and	O
thus	O
no	O
way	O
of	O
tracking	O
it	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
when	O
I	O
might	O
hope	O
to	O
see	O
my	O
computer	O
again	O
)	O
,	O
it	O
finally	O
kicked	O
the	O
bucket	O
after	O
just	O
over	O
2	O
years	O
.	O

My	O
friend	O
reports	O
the	O
notebook	O
is	O
astonishing	O
in	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
picture	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

the	O
i3	B-aspectTerm
processor	I-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
seem	O
to	O
run	O
hot	O
and	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
rarely	O
turns	O
on	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
getting	O
extrememly	O
frustrated	O
when	O
I	O
would	O
want	O
to	O
do	O
these	O
simple	O
taks	O
that	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
and	O
wait	O
and	O
wait	O
for	O
things	O
to	O
download	O
or	O
virus	O
that	O
would	O
clog	O
up	O
my	O
PC	O
.	O

Enjoy	O
your	O
sitdown	O

The	O
battery	O
never	B-aspectTerm
held	O
a	O
charge	O
longer	B-aspectTerm
than	O
one	O
hour	O
and	O
within	O
two	O
months	O
,	O
stopped	O
holding	O
a	O
charge	O
for	B-aspectTerm
more	O
than	O
ten	O
minutes	O
.	O

Another	O
THREE	O
weeks	O
later	O
I	O
had	O
my	O
laptop	O
back	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
mousepad	O
,	B-aspectTerm
keys	O
,	B-aspectTerm
and	O
casing	O
.	B-aspectTerm

I	O
have	O
had	O
my	O
new	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
i5	O
for	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
days	O
and	O
have	O
recycled	O
ALL	O
of	O
my	O
old	O
PC	O
laptops	O
.	O

See	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
laptops	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
and	O
get	O
just	O
a	O
normal	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
with	O
trials	O
of	O
must	O
need	O
stuff	O
that	O
should	O
come	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
understand	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
high	O
enough	O
for	O
some	O
pages	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Yahoo!Mail	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
I	O
wish	O
this	O
had	O
was	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
turn	O
off	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
with	O
a	O
button	O
like	O
my	O
big	O
16	O
"	O
laptop	O
does	O
.	O

very	O
convenient	O
when	O
you	O
travel	O
and	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
excellent	O
...	O

The	O
machine	O
is	O
slow	O
to	O
boot	O
up	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
occasionally	O
crashes	O
completely	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
great	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
several	O
lectures	O
back	O
to	O
back	O
and	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
a	O
chance	O
to	O
charge	B-aspectTerm
during	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
lectures	O
.	O

I	O
wish	O
Toshiba	O
would	O
allow	O
their	O
customers	O
to	O
select	O
an	O
option	O
that	O
only	O
boots	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
at	O
setup	O
and	O
removes	O
all	O
the	O
unnecessary	O
stuff	O
.	O

At	O
first	O
it	O
's	O
like	O
you	O
're	O
in	O
that	O
honeymoon	O
stage	O
with	O
your	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
buy	O
a	O
generic	O
brand	O
computer	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
really	O
nice	O
.	O

i	O
can	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
all	O
of	O
my	O
needs	O
.	O

After	O
doing	O
CAD	O
work	O
all	O
day	O
at	O
work	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
higher	O
end	O
PC	O
,	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
come	O
home	O
and	O
settle	O
for	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
lower	O
end	O
computer	O
.	O

the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
brightness	I-aspectTerm
automatically	O
adjusts	O
.	O

I	O
especially	O
like	O
the	O
backlit	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Either	O
way	O
I	O
'm	O
furious	O
.	O

Besides	O
the	O
great	O
look	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
machine	O
.	O

My	O
laptop	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
approximately	O
$	O
2,300	O
and	O
DIED	O
after	O
only	O
2-years	O
,	O
10-months	O
and	O
18-days	O
of	O
use	O
.	O

The	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
quiet	O
if	O
you	O
're	O
on	O
a	O
plane	O
,	O
this	O
can	O
easily	O
be	O
overcome	O
with	O
a	O
decent	O
pair	O
of	O
head	O
phones	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
not	O
aware	O
that	O
this	O
product	O
can	O
not	O
display	O
websites	O
that	O
contain	O
Flash	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
was	O
bought	O
because	O
I	O
wanted	O
"	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
line	O
"	O
,	O
fast	O
,	O
reliable	O
,	O
HA	O
.	O

A	O
lot	O
of	O
help	O
they	O
WEREN'T	O
!	O

(	O
The	O
SATA	B-aspectTerm
controller	I-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
chip	I-aspectTerm
that	O
lets	O
the	O
CPU	B-aspectTerm
talk	O
to	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O
)	O

I	O
will	O
never	O
buy	O
anything	O
from	O
HP	O
again	O
!	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
imagine	O
EVER	O
buying	O
a	O
PC	O
again	O
!	O

The	O
buttons	B-aspectTerm
you	O
have	O
to	O
press	O
a	O
little	O
harder	O
than	O
most	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
6	O
hours	O
,	O
but	O
even	O
if	O
I	O
ran	O
off	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
high	O
effeciency	O
setting	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
would	O
only	O
last	O
me	O
on	O
average	O
about	O
2.5	O
to	O
3	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
allows	O
you	O
to	O
automatically	O
upload	O
photos	O
to	O
your	O
Facebook	O
account	O
with	O
one	O
click	O
.	O

Took	O
it	O
back	O
as	O
it	O
was	O
defective	O
.	O

Other	O
Thoughts	O
:	O
I	O
love	O
newegg	O
,	O
I	O
recommend	O
them	O
to	O
the	O
world	O
however	O
this	O
is	O
just	O
unacceptable	O
.	O

Now	O
17	O
months	O
later	O
they	O
want	O
(	O
would	O
not	O
say	O
exact	O
amount	O
)	O
$	O
165.00	O
to	O
$	O
400	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
machine	O
.	O

I	O
simply	O
got	O
tired	O
of	O
a	O
bad	O
computer	O
like	O
windows	O
with	O
its	O
constant	O
freezing	O
and	O
anti	O
-	O
virus	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
not	O
one	O
to	O
throw	O
things	O
like	O
this	O
around	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
laptop	O
so	O
carrying	O
it	O
around	O
does	O
seem	O
to	O
mean	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
jerked	O
possibly	O
a	O
little	O
,	O
while	O
driving	O
a	O
car	O
and	O
carrying	O
it	O
into	O
where	O
ever	O
you	O
are	O
using	O
it	O
.	O

Right	O
size	B-aspectTerm
and	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
for	O
portability	B-aspectTerm
.	O

We	O
decided	O
we	O
would	O
try	O
to	O
trade	O
-	O
in	O
our	O
old	O
ones	O
.	O

So	O
far	O
,	O
so	O
good	O
!	O

It	O
took	O
a	O
little	O
over	O
2	O
weeks	O
until	O
i	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
.	O

Eventually	O
the	O
screen	O
went	O
blank	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
would	O
not	O
turn	O
on	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
also	O
does	O
n't	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
the	O
claim	O
but	O
still	O
I	O
think	O
macbook	O
is	O
much	O
ahead	O
from	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
pack	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
loaded	O
with	O
Windows	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
Home	I-aspectTerm
Premium	I-aspectTerm
--	I-aspectTerm
delivered	O
with	O
only	O
1	O
GB	O
of	B-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
,	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
*	O
dog*.	O

What	O
a	O
waste	O
of	O
time	O
it	O
was	O
to	O
run	O
a	O
Defrag	O
on	O
the	O
PC	O
!	O

The	O
reflectiveness	O
of	O
the	O
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
only	O
a	O
minor	O
inconvenience	O
if	O
you	O
work	O
in	O
a	O
controlled	O
-	O
lighting	O
environment	O
like	O
me	O
(	O
I	O
prefer	O
it	O
dark	O
)	O
or	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
crank	O
up	O
the	O
brightness	B-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
one	O
complaint	O
with	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
that	O
I	O
've	O
noticed	O
an	O
electronic	B-aspectTerm
fuzz	I-aspectTerm
sound	I-aspectTerm
coming	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
headphone	B-aspectTerm
jack	I-aspectTerm
when	O
headphones	O
are	O
plugged	O
in	O
.	O

This	O
system	O
is	O
not	O
worth	O
the	O
money	O
or	O
trouble	O
trying	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fix	O
.	O

UPDATE	O
:	O
Two	O
years	O
after	O
buying	O
this	O
laptop	O
,	O
I	O
am	O
now	O
the	O
proud	O
owner	O
of	O
a	O
lemon	O
.	O

While	O
it	O
was	O
highly	O
rated	O
,	O
would	O
I	O
like	O
it	O
?	O
I	O
tried	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
at	O
the	O
store	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
seemed	O
ok	O
.	O

Treat	O
yourself	O
to	O
a	O
more	O
expensive	O
,	O
long	O
-	O
lasting	O
laptop	O
of	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
like	O
a	O
Sony	O
,	O
Apple	O
,	O
or	O
Toshiba	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
it	O
-	O
never	O
had	O
a	O
computer	O
I	O
was	O
so	O
impressed	O
with	O
-	O
and	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
laptops	O
and	O
desktops	O
-	O
this	O
one	O
is	O
FAR	O
AND	O
ABOVE	O
THE	O
BEST	O
ONE	O
I	O
EVER	O
HAD	O
BEFORE	O
.	O

We	O
did	O
not	O
even	O
have	O
it	O
a	O
year	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
with	O
a	O
few	O
questions	O
or	O
issues	O
and	O
they	O
have	O
helped	O
me	O
for	O
free	O
,	O
even	O
without	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

So	O
you	O
out	O
of	O
of	O
notebook	O
and	O
money	O
.	O

Was	O
searching	O
online	O
for	O
a	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
when	O
I	O
found	O
this	O
site	O
.	O

But	O
to	O
be	O
honest	O
,	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
use	O
my	O
computer	O
for	O
anything	O
like	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
complex	B-aspectTerm
data	I-aspectTerm
analysis	I-aspectTerm
and	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
would	O
rather	O
spend	O
my	O
money	O
on	O
a	O
computer	O
that	O
costs	O
more	B-aspectTerm
then	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
that	O
is	O
n't	O
good	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

(	O
No	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
ordering	O
or	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
by	O
the	O
way	O
.	O

And	O
the	O
ram	B-aspectTerm
(	O
the	O
thing	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
faster	O
)	O
comes	O
sporting	O
2	O
gigs	O
for	O
high	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
to	O
handle	O
more	O
stuff	O
at	O
once	O
and	O
surf	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
web	I-aspectTerm
a	O
whole	O
lot	O
faster	O
than	O
before	O
.	O

The	O
one	O
thing	O
I	O
wish	O
it	O
had	O
was	O
a	O
detailed	O
hardcopy	B-aspectTerm
manuel	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
edit	O
and	O
burn	O
to	O
DVD	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
video	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
obviously	O
could	O
not	O
live	O
with	O
a	O
non	O
-	O
functioning	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Fast	O
,	O
great	O
visual	B-aspectTerm
!	O

It	O
's	O
priced	B-aspectTerm
very	O
reasonable	O
and	O
works	B-aspectTerm
very	O
well	O
right	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
.	O

You	O
will	O
need	O
them	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
reload	O
the	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
(	O
I	O
recommend	O
doing	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
to	O
start	O
fresh	O
and	O
optimal	O
)	O
.	O

apple	O
and	O
quess	O
what	O
,	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
whole	O
laptop	O
in	O
,	O
too	O
bad	O
,	O
so	O
sad	O

If	O
you	O
could	O
stretch	O
by	O
a	O
few	O
100	O
dollars	O
I	O
highly	O
recommend	O
you	O
should	O
replace	O
your	O
Windows	O
laptop	O
with	O
this	O
one	O
.	O

might	O
have	O
to	O
buy	O
one	O
for	O
me	O
now	O
,	O
since	O
I	O
use	O
it	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
.	O

while	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
itself	O
is	O
alright	O
,	O
the	O
plate	B-aspectTerm
around	O
it	O
is	O
cheap	O
plastic	O
and	O
makes	O
a	O
hollow	O
sound	O
when	O
using	O
the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
command	I-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
purchased	O
it	O
this	O
year	O
when	O
my	O
old	O
HP	O
laptop	O
finally	O
died	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
something	O
smaller	O
and	O
lighter	O
than	O
a	O
laptop	O
to	O
carry	O
around	O
for	O
classes	O
and	O
traveling	O
.	O

I	O
Have	O
a	O
friend	O
who	O
has	O
the	O
other	O
model	O
and	O
we	O
put	O
them	O
side	O
by	O
side	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
dvd	O
in	O
(	O
battle	O
of	O
the	O
Smithsonian	O
)	O
After	O
on	O
Hour	O
mine	O
was	O
at	O
53	O
%	O
life	O
left	O
and	O
his	O
was	O
at	O
69	O
%	O
life	O
left	O
.	O

The	O
latest	O
is	O
on	O
my	O
LG	O
Netbook	O
X12	O

Purchased	O
as	O
a	O
gift	O
for	O
a	O
friend	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
the	O
purchase	O
of	O
this	O
modle	O
of	O
Toshiba	O
Computer	O
or	O
any	O
Toshiba	O
product	O
for	O
that	O
matter	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
never	O
had	O
problems	O
with	O
viruses	O
.	O

After	O
they	O
found	O
no	O
other	O
way	O
,	O
they	O
told	O
me	O
to	O
courier	O
it	O
to	O
them(since	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
allow	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
post	O
office	O
)	O
at	O
my	O
expense	O
,	O
and	O
sent	O
me	O
a	O
4	O
page	O
list	O
of	O
very	O
specific	O
packaging	O
instructions	O
to	O
follow	O
or	O
it	O
would	O
n't	O
be	O
covered	O
.	O

There	O
are	O
so	O
many	O
wonderful	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
benefits	O
to	O
the	O
new	O
MacBook	O
!	O

the	O
mcbook	O
pro	O
notebook	O
will	O
make	O
it	O
easy	O
for	O
you	O
to	O
write	O
and	O
read	O
your	O
emails	O
at	O
blazing	O
speeds	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
i	O
can	O
say	O
is	O
that	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
does	O
nt	O
work	O
like	O
it	O
should	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
I	O
love	O
this	O
particular	O
Mac	O
because	O
its	O
very	O
fast	O
,	O
great	O
size	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
has	O
fantastic	O
features	B-aspectTerm
like	O
the	O
lighted	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
and	O
easy	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
needs	O
more	O
life	O
.	O

For	O
some	O
odd	O
reasons	O
the	O
computer	O
does	O
n't	O
reconize	O
the	O
operation	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
wait	O
3	O
weeks	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
it	O
still	O
is	O
not	O
working	O
properly	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
going	O
to	O
go	O
back	O
and	O
return	O
at	O
Store	O
I	O
bought	O
from	O
!	O

The	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
was	O
easy	O
to	O
learn	O
and	O
navigate	O
.	O

Applications	B-aspectTerm
open	O
in	O
seconds	O
and	O
there	O
are	O
no	O
lags	O
,	O
hiccups	O
or	O
awkward	O
moments	O
when	O
you	O
wonder	O
whether	O
your	O
computer	O
is	O
out	O
for	O
tea	O
.	O

My	O
husband	O
purchased	O
a	O
laptop	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
for	O
about	O
$	O
300	O
less	O
(	O
he	O
got	O
a	O
pc	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
respond	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
old	O
computer	O
and	O
this	O
way	O
I	O
would	O
lose	O
the	O
data	O
on	O
my	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Again	O
in	O
February	O
my	O
computer	O
completely	O
failed	O
to	O
the	O
point	O
that	O
it	O
could	O
not	O
load	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
so	O
I	O
contacted	O
Acer	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
thru	O
my	O
Warrenty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
took	O
about	O
3	O
days	O
fighting	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
with	O
agents	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
seemed	O
as	O
though	O
NONE	O
of	O
them	O
spoke	O
English	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
this	O
ps	O
was	O
manufactured	O
in	O
the	O
mid	O
90	O
's	O
.	O

both	O
upgrades	O
were	O
quickly	O
accomplished	O
after	O
purchasing	O
the	O
necessary	O
Product	O
Key	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
owned	O
it	O
only	O
two	O
months	O
!	O

I	O
love	O
my	O
macbook	O
pro	O
!	O

From	O
the	O
moment	O
I	O
opened	O
the	O
box	O
to	O
the	O
present	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
great	O
joy	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
eMachines	O
Notebook	O
PC	O
in	O
January	O
of	O
this	O
year	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
highly	O
dissatisfied	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

Even	O
though	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
larger	O
they	O
did	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
larger	O
.	O

Thanks	O
,	O
MacConnection	O
,	O
for	O
making	O
this	O
a	O
seamless	O
purchase	O
!	O

We	O
paid	O
for	O
the	O
three	B-aspectTerm
year	I-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
after	O
that	O
one	O
ended	O
as	O
well	O
.	O

Its	O
not	O
just	O
slow	O
on	O
the	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
,	O
its	O
slow	O
in	O
general	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
just	O
enough	O
RAM	B-aspectTerm
to	O
run	O
smoothly	O
and	O
enough	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
to	O
satisfy	O
my	O
needs	O
.	O

The	O
difference	O
is	O
phenomenal	O
.	O

I	O
acually	O
believe	O
the	O
issue	O
is	O
with	O
the	O
Nvidia	B-aspectTerm
grafics	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
still	O
requires	O
a	O
return	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
a	O
freelance	O
graphic	O
artist	O
.	O

No	O
waiting	O
to	O
have	O
my	O
claim	O
reviewed	O
by	O
someone	O
in	O
another	O
state	O
(	O
or	O
more	O
often	O
,	O
another	O
country	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
not	O
like	O
my	O
acer	O
.	O

My	O
husband	O
got	O
me	O
this	O
for	O
Chrismas	O
after	O
getting	O
me	O
a	O
very	O
expensve	O
laptop	O
that	O
did	O
not	O
work	B-aspectTerm
after	O
2	O
days	O
.	O

Problem	O
fixed	O
which	O
is	O
great	O
but	O
there	O
went	O
another	O
two	O
weeks	O
without	O
my	O
laptop	O
at	O
school	O
.	O

The	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
is	O
even	O
higher	O
then	O
any	O
other	O
laptop	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
.	O

Then	O
just	O
the	O
other	O
day	O
,	O
my	O
left	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
button	I-aspectTerm
snapped	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
VERY	O
easy	O
to	O
type	B-aspectTerm
on	O
and	O
feels	O
great	O
-	O
besides	O
the	O
added	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
that	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
lighted	O
.	O

Laptop	O
is	O
advertised	O
as	O
a	O
15	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
but	O
the	O
casing	B-aspectTerm
looks	O
like	O
that	O
of	O
a	O
17	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Remember	O
to	O
do	O
your	O
research	O
first	O
before	O
consider	O
buying	O
a	O
toshiba	O
product	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
this	O
laptop	O
the	O
moment	O
unibody	O
product	O
came	O
to	O
the	O
market	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
time	O
I	O
have	O
restarted	O
is	O
during	O
system	O
updates	O
.	O

mac	O
is	O
extremely	O
different	O
than	O
any	O
other	O
laptop	O
.	O

The	O
feel	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
machine	O
compared	O
to	O
the	O
old	O
MacBook	O
is	O
far	O
superior	O
.	O

In	O
due	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
'll	O
remove	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
from	O
this	O
new	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
and	O
dump	O
it	O
where	O
it	O
belongs	O
-	O
in	O
the	O
trash	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
great	O
and	O
we	O
will	O
always	O
stick	O
with	O
Apple	O
computers	O
,	O
we	O
have	O
been	O
so	O
happy	O
with	O
them	O
.	O

I	O
should	O
have	O
realized	O
that	O
trouble	O
was	O
brewing	O
.	O

They	O
break	O
down	O
just	O
as	O
often	O
as	O
PCs	O
do	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
only	O
reason	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
get	O
viruses	O
,	O
is	O
because	O
no	O
one	O
makes	O
viruses	O
for	O
them	O
,	O
they	O
're	O
not	O
better	O
in	O
any	O
way	O
,	O
they	O
are	O
worse	O
,	O
try	O
finding	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
programs	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
a	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
,	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
exist	O
.	O

Thank	O
you	O
.	O

The	O
benefits	O
were	O
immediate	O
!	O

Much	O
faster	O
than	O
my	O
old	O
windows	O
laptop	O
that	O
died	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

Never	O
any	O
doubt	O
I	O
would	O
get	O
a	O
MacBook	O
,	O
just	O
was	O
n't	O
sure	O
which	O
one	O
.	O

But	O
with	O
A	O
WAY	O
Bigger	O
Screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
IS	O
able	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
an	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
.	O

the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
awful	O
and	O
the	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
switch	I-aspectTerm
it	O
at	O
the	O
top	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
side	O
which	O
I	O
am	O
used	O
to	O
it	O
being	O
on	O
the	O
side	O
.	O

The	O
overall	O
build	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
unit	O
is	O
excellent	O
and	O
she	O
'd	O
recommend	O
it	O
to	O
anyone	O
else	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
netbook	O
.	O

I	O
bought	O
my	O
Acer	O
Aspire	O
custom	O
made	O
in	O
June	O
2008	O
.	O

I	O
guess	O
he	O
was	O
the	O
technical	B-aspectTerm
person	I-aspectTerm
.	O

They	O
click	O
.	O

A	O
seventy	O
dollar	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
!	O

The	O
repairs	O
were	O
made	O
quickly	O
though	O
I	O
must	O
say	O
,	O
however	O
the	O
second	O
time	O
they	O
shipped	B-aspectTerm
it	O
to	O
the	O
incorrect	O
address	O
and	O
it	O
took	O
nearly	O
a	O
week	O
for	O
them	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
the	O
A65	O
-	O
right	O
now	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
paperweight	O
.	O

when	O
i	O
first	O
got	O
it	O
i	O
thought	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
of	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
joke	O
.	O

That	O
being	O
said	O
,	O
it	O
still	O
runs	O
video	O
in	O
full	O
screen	O
decently	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
fast	O
and	O
i	O
have	O
not	O
had	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
connection	I-aspectTerm
or	O
any	O
other	O
problems	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
really	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
and	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
computer	O
.	O

But	O
when	O
I	O
received	O
my	O
replacement	O
,	O
I	O
made	O
BOTH	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
DVDs	I-aspectTerm
(	O
4	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
driver	B-aspectTerm
/	I-aspectTerm
application	I-aspectTerm
DVD	I-aspectTerm
.	O

In	O
addition	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
photo	B-aspectTerm
detection	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
that	O
will	O
allow	O
you	O
to	O
group	O
all	O
the	O
photos	O
together	O
based	O
upon	O
the	O
people	O
in	O
the	O
picture	O
.	O

The	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
are	O
terrible	O
and	O
are	O
probably	O
the	O
cheapest	O
ones	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
seen	O
in	O
a	O
laptop	O
so	O
if	O
your	O
planning	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
I	O
suggest	O
you	O
get	O
something	O
better	O
.	O

So	O
then	O
you	O
may	O
be	O
lucky	O
to	O
get	O
ahold	O
to	O
someone	O
who	O
understands	O
that	O
its	O
no	O
good	O
and	O
they	O
will	O
let	O
you	O
send	O
it	O
back	O
,	O
but	O
of	O
course	O
you	O
are	O
taking	O
a	O
chance	O
of	O
them	O
testing	O
it	O
out	O
to	O
see	O
what	O
has	O
happened	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
tell	O
you	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
on	O
their	O
side	O
,	O
then	O
you	O
are	O
stuck	O
paying	O
for	O
the	O
repair	O
(	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
new	O
one	O
)	O
.	O

What	O
's	O
really	O
great	O
about	O
this	O
product	O
is	O
you	O
may	O
have	O
a	O
family	O
member	O
who	O
is	O
computer	O
illiterate	O
and	O
you	O
can	O
pretty	O
much	O
just	O
let	O
them	O
loose	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
without	O
any	O
real	O
supervision	O
.	O

The	O
lesson	O
learned	O
here	O
is	O
:	O
It	O
does	O
not	O
pay	O
to	O
by	O
this	O
loyal	O
to	O
any	O
brand	O
,	O
since	O
all	O
of	O
them	O
are	O
there	O
to	O
simply	O
to	O
make	O
as	O
much	O
money	O
as	O
possible	O
,	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
they	O
can	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
this	O
day	O
and	O
age	O
,	O
the	O
customer	O
no	O
longer	O
is	O
right	O
all	O
the	O
times	O
.	O

PDF	O
files	O
can	O
be	O
viewed	O
instantly	O
.	O

Dell	O
Latitude	O
d620	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
reliable	O
machine	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
almost	O
four	O
years	O
now	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
only	O
had	O
a	O
few	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

Overall	O
for	O
the	O
money	O
this	O
is	O
a	O
good	O
deal	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
simple	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
use	O
it	O
more	O
than	O
my	O
desktop	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
had	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
that	O
caused	O
the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
pointer	I-aspectTerm
to	O
jump	O
all	O
over	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
saved	O
for	O
this	O
laptop	O
for	O
3	O
months	O
and	O
I	O
can	O
tell	O
you	O
personally	O
it	O
was	O
worth	O
the	O
wait	O
.	O

I	O
own	O
a	O
Hewlett	O
Packard	O
laptop	O
and	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
man	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
since	O
I	O
bought	O
in	O
in	O
Feb	O
,	O
201	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
overheating	O
issue	O
-	O
nearly	O
to	O
the	O
point	O
of	O
being	O
dangerous	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
no	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
unlike	O
some	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
defects	O
on	O
past	O
models	O
.	O

EITHER	O
WAY	O
,	O
THE	O
KEYBOARD	B-aspectTerm
IS	O
UNSATISFACTORY	O
.	O

Well	O
,	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
say	O
since	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
Mac	O
,	O
I	O
wo	O
n't	O
ever	O
go	O
back	O
to	O
any	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
in	O
to	O
the	O
Apple	O
store	O
and	O
guess	O
what	O
?	O
They	O
fixed	O
it	O
,	O
no	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
out	O
of	O
pocket	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
used	O
different	O
laptops	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
rate	O
this	O
one	O
way	O
above	O
the	O
rest	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
Mac	O
so	O
much	O
better	O
than	O
my	O
work	O
PC	O
!	O

The	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
,	O
engineering	B-aspectTerm
design	I-aspectTerm
and	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
are	O
superior	O
--	O
covers	O
damage	O
from	O
dropping	O
the	O
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
recommend	O
the	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
if	O
you	O
want	O
the	O
best	O
laptop	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
.	O

The	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
are	O
also	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
find	O
and	O
maneuver	O
,	O
much	O
easier	O
than	O
any	O
other	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
ever	O
owned	O
.	O

The	O
large	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
gives	O
you	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
comfortably	O
watch	O
movies	O
or	O
TV	O
shows	O
on	O
your	O
computer	O
instead	O
of	O
buying	O
an	O
additional	O
TV	O
for	O
your	O
dorm	O
room	O
.	O

Small	O
and	O
light	O
weight	O
.	O

Great	O
laptop	O
for	O
school	O
,	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
for	O
beginners	O
in	O
the	O
household	O
.	O

He	O
did	O
n't	O
work	O
for	O
sony	O
,	O
he	O
was	O
just	O
approved	O
to	O
fix	O
their	O
crappy	O
products	O
.	O

4	O
)	O
Laptop	O
still	O
did	O
not	O
work	B-aspectTerm
,	O
blue	O
screen	O
within	O
a	O
week	O
...	O

The	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
is	O
n't	O
perfect	O
about	O
this	O
netbook	O
is	O
the	O
speakers	B-aspectTerm
,	O
they	O
are	O
not	O
loud	O
at	O
all	O
but	O
I	O
expected	O
that	O
.	O

Bought	O
for	O
my	O
daughter	O
to	O
take	O
for	O
starting	O
college	O
this	O
fall	O
-	O
she	O
has	O
been	O
on	O
it	O
non	O
-	O
stop	O
ever	O
since	O
"	O
learning	O
how	O
to	O
use	O
it	O
"	O
.	O

Never	O
had	O
a	O
single	O
problem	O
,	O
and	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
viruses	O
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
inspected	O
the	O
other	O
netbooks	O
and	O
clearly	O
their	O
hinges	B-aspectTerm
are	O
tighter	O
and	O
I	O
even	O
demonstrate	O
the	O
difference	O
between	O
my	O
netbook	O
and	O
others	O
.	O

Not	O
to	O
mention	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
your	O
mac	O
comes	O
fully	O
loaded	O
with	O
all	O
necessary	O
basic	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Did	O
n't	O
work	B-aspectTerm
when	O
shipped	O
from	O
Walmart.com	O
but	O
went	O
into	O
a	O
store	O
and	O
exchanged	O
for	O
a	O
working	O
laptop	O
(	O
same	O
make	O
/	O
model	O
)	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
SO	O
much	O
fun	O
to	O
play	O
with	O
.	O

If	O
this	O
is	O
an	O
improvement	O
in	O
Customer	B-aspectTerm
Service	I-aspectTerm
then	O
I	O
would	O
hate	O
too	O
see	O
what	O
it	O
was	O
before	O
!	O

*	O
6th	O
week*-They	O
are	O
not	O
responding	O
to	O
my	O
emails	O
asking	O
when	O
they	O
expect	O
to	O
dispatch	O
the	O
new	O
unit	O
...	O

All	O
of	O
the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
(	O
Keynote	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Pages	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Numbers	B-aspectTerm
)	O
have	O
an	O
option	O
to	O
save	O
your	O
documents	O
as	O
Microsoft	O
compatible	O
,	O
which	O
really	O
eliminates	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
the	O
actual	O
.	O

Sure	O
,	O
the	O
initial	O
out	O
of	O
pocket	O
expense	B-aspectTerm
is	O
greater	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
should	O
not	O
dissuade	O
anyone	O
from	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
these	O
machines	O
run	B-aspectTerm
like	O
none	O
other	O
on	O
the	O
planet	O
,	O
and	O
when	O
I	O
factor	O
in	O
all	O
the	O
money	O
in	O
that	O
I	O
wasted	O
on	O
Geek	O
Squad	O
and	O
the	O
latest	O
patches	O
to	O
de	O
-	O
corrupt	O
my	O
infested	O
PCs	O
,	O
it	O
probably	O
comes	O
out	O
about	O
even	O
anyhow	O
.	O

The	O
best	O
thing	O
to	O
do	O
is	O
build	O
your	O
own	O
computer	O
,	O
but	O
if	O
u	O
ca	O
n't	O
company	O
's	O
like	O
dell	O
who	O
allow	O
you	O
to	O
choose	O
the	O
components	B-aspectTerm
are	O
better	O
and	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
price	B-aspectTerm
you	O
can	O
get	O
a	O
computer	O
who	O
compares	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
apple	O
$	O
2000	O
systems	O
and	O
if	O
you	O
google	O
"	O
dell	O
coupons	O
"	O
you	O
can	O
find	O
codes	O
that	O
take	O
a	O
signifant	O
amount	O
off	O
the	O
price	O
.	B-aspectTerm

There	O
is	O
no	O
cd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
which	O
defeats	O
the	O
purpose	O
of	O
keeping	O
files	O
on	O
a	O
cd	O
.	O

And	O
Toshiba	O
is	O
a	O
quality	O
supplier	O
.	O

For	O
me	O
I	O
was	O
lucky	O
and	O
a	O
local	O
store	O
was	O
selling	O
them	O
for	O
$	O
2000	O
off	O
and	O
Best	O
Buy	O
matched	O
their	O
price	B-aspectTerm
so	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
buy	O
one	O
for	O
under	O
$	O
1000	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
honestly	O
say	O
I	O
was	O
heartbroken	O
.	O

WILL	O
NOT	O
EVERY	O
BUY	O
ANOTHER--------LOU	O

Unfortunately	O
,	O
Apple	O
's	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
has	O
continued	O
to	O
slide	O
.	O

and	O
finally	O
i	O
realized	O
that	O
mac	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
very	O
annoying	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
find	O
a	O
really	O
quick	O
way	O
to	O
clean	O
it	O
without	O
it	O
getting	O
too	O
gross	O
.	O

My	O
only	O
other	O
complaint	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
gets	O
really	O
hot	O
.	O

I	O
believe	O
that	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
mac	O
is	O
worth	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'm	O
Very	O
disappointed	O
in	O
Dell	O
.	O

sometimes	O
you	O
will	O
be	O
moving	O
your	O
finger	O
and	O
the	O
pointer	B-aspectTerm
will	O
not	O
even	O
move	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
only	O
had	O
mine	O
a	O
day	O
but	O
I	O
'm	O
already	O
used	O
to	O
it	O
...	O

And	O
that	O
was	O
the	O
fourth	O
time	O
i	O
ve	O
sent	O
it	O
to	O
them	O
to	O
get	O
fixed	O
.	O

The	O
13	O
"	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
just	O
fits	O
in	O
my	O
budget	B-aspectTerm
and	O
with	O
free	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
and	O
no	O
tax	O
to	O
CA	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
price	B-aspectTerm
we	O
can	O
get	O
for	O
a	O
great	O
product	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
rate	O
this	O
computer	O
at	O
5	O
stars	O
,	O
but	O
considering	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
short	O
life	B-aspectTerm
span	I-aspectTerm
I	O
can	O
only	O
give	O
it	O
1	O
and	O
implore	O
anyone	O
looking	O
at	O
laptops	O
to	O
stay	O
away	O
from	O
this	O
machine	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
love	O
the	O
design	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
looks	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
feel	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
the	O
my	B-aspectTerm
toshiba	I-aspectTerm
feature	I-aspectTerm
is	O
wonderfull	O
.	O

For	O
me	O
,	O
five	O
stars	O
is	O
not	O
enough	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
how	O
easy	O
every	O
thing	O
is	O
to	O
do	O
on	O
my	O
Apple	O
products	O
.	O

Sadly	O
Apple	O
has	O
discontinued	O
this	O
MacBook	O
,	O
I	O
think	O
it	O
was	O
never	O
super	O
popular	O
since	O
it	O
fell	O
somewhere	O
in	O
between	O
the	O
cheapest	O
white	O
model	O
and	O
the	O
smaller	O
Pros	O
.	O

The	O
layout	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
MacBook	O
is	O
horrible	O
and	O
confusing	O
;	O

Was	O
not	O
happy	O
with	O
one	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
programs	I-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
.	O

Also	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
good	O
for	O
college	O
students	O
who	O
just	O
need	O
a	O
reliable	O
,	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
computer	O
.	O

The	O
first	O
one	O
sent	O
:	O
Touchpad	B-aspectTerm
did	O
n't	O
work	O
The	O
second	O
sent	O
:	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
did	O
n't	O
work	O
The	O
third	O
sent	O
:	O
Touchpad	B-aspectTerm
did	O
n't	O
work	O
The	O
fourth	O
sent	O
:	O
Has	O
n't	O
arrived	O
yet	O
.	O

I	O
came	O
from	O
the	O
Dell	O
Laptops	O
and	O
now	O
I	O
am	O
so	O
glad	O
I	O
switched	O
when	O
I	O
needed	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
definitely	O
a	O
computer	O
worth	O
the	O
money	O
;	O

Only	O
other	O
thing	O
is	O
that	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
using	O
this	O
for	O
document	B-aspectTerm
creation	I-aspectTerm
Apple	O
does	O
nt	O
provide	O
any	O
kind	O
of	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processor	I-aspectTerm
(	O
such	O
as	O
works	O
for	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
)	O
,	O
but	O
iwork	B-aspectTerm
is	O
cheap	O
compared	O
to	O
office	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
am	O
stuck	O
with	O
a	O
laptop	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
not	O
do	O
very	O
much	O
with	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
light	O
and	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
last	O
a	O
very	O
long	O
time	O
.	O

Better	O
stick	O
with	O
another	O
brand	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
glad	O
I	O
did	O
my	O
research	O
.	O

And	O
at	O
one	O
point	O
,	O
they	O
blame	O
me	O
for	O
installing	O
a	O
bad	O
memory	O
stick	B-aspectTerm
when	I-aspectTerm
I	O
upgrade	O
my	O
memory	O
for	B-aspectTerm
the	O
first	O
time	O
during	O
my	O
purchase	O
of	O
the	O
laptop	O
(	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
memory	O
stick	B-aspectTerm
they	I-aspectTerm
recomended	O
)	O
.	O

5	O
months	O
dead	O
again	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
you	O
wo	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
them	O
going	O
onlne	O
a	O
getting	O
a	O
virus	O
.	O

Very	O
happy	O
.	O

The	O
netbook	O
is	O
easier	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
take	O
to	O
bed	O
and	O
carry	O
around	O
with	O
me	O
.	O

Externally	O
the	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
on	O
my	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
are	O
falling	O
off	O
,	O
after	O
a	O
few	O
uses	O
the	O
paint	B-aspectTerm
is	O
rubbing	O
off	O
the	O
button	B-aspectTerm
below	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	O
where	O
the	O
heals	O
of	O
my	O
hands	O
sit	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
has	O
a	O
terrible	O
glare	O
.	O

My	O
children	O
wo	O
n't	O
even	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
their	O
school	O
work	O
.	O

THIS	O
LAPTOP	O
WAS	O
BAD	O
FROM	O
THE	O
FIRST	O
DAY	O
OF	O
USE----BROUGHT	O
IT	O
BACK	O
TO	O
STORE	O
FOR	O
RETURN	O
OF	O
MONEY	O
.	O

The	O
next	O
time	O
I	O
had	O
an	O
issue	O
my	O
lightscribe	B-aspectTerm
would	O
n't	O
work	O
.	O

The	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
is	O
extremely	O
sensitive	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
only	O
drawback	O
.	O

also	O
it	O
comes	O
with	O
very	O
useful	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
like	O
iphoto	B-aspectTerm
that	O
it	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
photo	B-aspectTerm
application	I-aspectTerm
i	O
have	O
ever	O
had	O

It	O
has	O
everything	O
I	O
would	O
need	O
for	O
a	O
home	O
computer	O
.	O

The	O
computer	O
did	O
what	O
it	O
was	O
NOT	O
supposed	O
to	O
do	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
know	O
what	O
to	O
do	O
....	O

I	O
love	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

They	O
informed	O
me	O
that	O
I	O
had	O
around	O
7	O
"	O
policies	O
"	O
or	O
viruses	O
on	O
it	O
.	O

They	O
don	O
t	O
translate	O
from	O
a	O
Mac	O
,	O
even	O
on	O
Word	B-aspectTerm
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
a	O
ton	O
of	O
run	O
-	O
on	O
sentences	O
.	O

The	O
acer	O
one	O
computer	O
that	O
I	O
bought	O
is	O
17	B-aspectTerm
ince	I-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
and	O
its	O
hard	O
to	O
find	O
lap	O
top	O
bags	O
for	O
it	O
,	O
but	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
big	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
.	O

Summary	O
:	O
They	O
played	O
games	O
with	O
me	O
for	O
the	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
period	I-aspectTerm
.	O

i	O
ca	O
nt	O
believe	O
HP	O
put	O
this	O
out	O
.	O

In	O
November	O
my	O
computer	O
messed	O
up	O
entirely	O
and	O
would	O
n't	O
power	O
on	O
after	O
intalling	O
a	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
update	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
have	O
my	O
HD	B-aspectTerm
flashed	O
and	O
lost	O
EVERYTHING	O
on	O
it	O
,	O
including	O
my	O
school	O
assignments	O
and	O
irriplaceable	O
pictures	O
that	O
were	O
only	O
in	O
digital	O
format	O
and	O
several	O
other	O
things	O
,	O
when	O
this	O
update	O
was	O
installed	O
for	O
some	O
reason	O
I	O
was	O
unable	O
to	O
roll	O
back	O
the	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
and	O
everything	O
to	O
an	O
earlier	O
working	O
condition	O
because	O
when	O
the	O
update	O
was	O
installed	O
it	O
deleted	O
my	O
history	O
.	O

without	O
a	O
big	O
ol'	O
clunky	O
machine	O
in	O
my	O
backpack	O
,	O
I	O
feel	O
like	O
I	O
can	O
do	O
programming	O
homework	O
anywhere	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
have	O
both	O
OSX	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
running	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
!	O

I	O
tell	O
everyone	O
that	O
I	O
know	O
,	O
friends	O
,	O
family	O
and	O
enemies	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
absolute	O
worst	O
computer	O
i	O
have	O
ever	O
used	O
.	O

Overall	O
:	O
Poor	O
,	O
Features	B-aspectTerm
:	O
Average	O
,	O
Performance	B-aspectTerm
:	O
Poor	O
,	O
Battery	B-aspectTerm
Life	I-aspectTerm
:	O
Excellent	O
,	O
Price	B-aspectTerm
-	O
Value	B-aspectTerm
:	O
Poor	O

Otherwise	O
,	O
I	O
love	O
it	O
!	O

Having	O
someone	O
give	O
you	O
a	O
quick	O
tour	O
of	O
how	O
to	O
's	O
is	O
the	O
best	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
recently	O
converted	O
back	O
to	O
a	O
mac	O
and	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
happier	O
!	O

Microsoft	O
seems	O
to	O
be	O
unable	O
to	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
repairs	O
for	O
the	O
multitude	O
of	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
.	O

At	O
16	O
months	O
it	O
started	O
shutting	O
off	O
after	O
only	O
5	O
or	O
10	O
minutes	O
.	O

They	O
basically	O
told	O
me	O
that	O
the	O
machine	O
would	O
be	O
problem	O
free	O
now	O
.	O

I	O
paid	O
about	O
18000	O
for	O
this	O
laptop	O
because	O
of	O
all	O
the	O
bells	O
and	O
whistles	O
and	O
it	O
kept	O
crapping	O
out	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

The	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
stunning	O
.	O

(	O
I	O
found	O
a	O
2	O
GB	O
stick	O
for	O
a	O
bit	O
under	O
$	O
50	O
)	O
Nice	O
and	O
portable	O
and	O
definitely	O
a	O
decent	O
enough	O
system	B-aspectTerm
to	O
keep	O
you	O
entertained	O
while	O
sitting	O
in	O
the	O
airplane	O
for	O
a	O
couple	O
of	O
hours	O
,	O
or	O
at	O
the	O
hotel	O
taking	O
care	O
of	O
some	O
last	O
minute	O
details	O
and	O
documents	O
.	O

after	O
much	O
effort	O
and	O
10	O
days	O
ASUS	O
replaced	O
itThe	O
WiFi	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
weak	O
.	O

You	O
can	O
call	O
HP	O
and	O
they	O
want	O
you	O
to	O
buy	O
more	O
software	B-aspectTerm
to	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
been	O
plagued	O
with	O
problems	O
since	O
the	O
day	O
i	O
turned	O
it	O
on	O
.	O

this	O
computer	O
is	O
a	O
little	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
any	O
pc	O
but	O
it	O
will	O
last	O
you	O
longer	O
and	O
it	O
worth	O
every	O
penny	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
and	O
update	B-aspectTerm
programs	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
laptop	O
is	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
more	O
expensive	O
but	O
well	O
worth	O
it	O
in	O
the	O
long	O
run	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
making	O
the	O
switch	O
and	O
finding	O
that	O
my	O
biggest	O
problem	O
is	O
trying	O
to	O
do	O
things	O
the	O
'	O
old	O
'	O
way	O
-	O
and	O
Apple	O
does	O
,	O
indeed	O
,	O
have	O
the	O
better	O
idea	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
hp	O
desktop	O
for	O
over	O
4	O
yrs	O
now	O
and	O
not	O
one	O
days	O
goes	O
by	O
that	O
i	O
do	O
n't	O
regret	O
buying	O
it	O
.	O

HP	O
did	O
n't	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

,	O
Applications	B-aspectTerm
respond	O
immediately	O
(	O
not	O
like	O
the	O
tired	O
MS	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

All	O
in	O
all	O
,	O
a	O
very	O
disappointing	O
experience	O
except	O
that	O
I	O
learned	O
how	O
good	O
the	O
Geek	O
Squad	O
is	O
and	O
also	O
Customer	B-aspectTerm
Service	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Now	O
,	O
I	O
guess	O
,	O
I	O
'll	O
have	O
to	O
unload	O
my	O
M6809	O
on	O
some	O
poor	O
,	O
hapless	O
soul	O
.	O

The	O
only	O
drawback	O
for	O
me	O
is	O
how	O
dirty	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
gets	O
,	O
and	O
rather	O
quickly	O
too	O
.	O

The	O
laptop	O
is	O
very	O
lightweight	O
,	O
can	O
easily	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
around	O
in	O
a	O
knapsack	O
full	O
of	O
text	O
books	O
and	O
it	O
barely	O
adds	O
any	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Seems	O
to	O
slow	O
down	O
occassionally	O
but	O
can	O
run	O
many	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
(	O
ie	O
Internet	B-aspectTerm
tabs	I-aspectTerm
,	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
)	O
simultaneously	O
.	O

The	O
problems	O
started	O
with	O
just	O
the	O
screen	O
freezing	O
.	O

Taking	O
it	O
anywhere	O
was	O
a	O
pain	O
!	O

I	O
also	O
did	O
not	O
like	O
the	O
loud	O
noises	B-aspectTerm
it	O
made	O
or	O
how	O
the	O
bottom	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
computer	I-aspectTerm
would	O
get	O
really	O
hot	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
a	O
Dell	O
laptop	O
and	O
they	O
sent	O
me	O
the	O
items	O
it	O
needed	O
or	O
they	O
sent	O
a	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
technician	I-aspectTerm
to	O
my	O
house	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
previously	O
owned	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
and	O
it	O
only	O
lasted	O
about	O
2	O
years	O
.	O

I	O
ca	O
n't	O
imagine	O
my	O
life	O
without	O
it	O
anymore	O
!	O

defective	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
computer	O
was	O
so	O
challenging	O
to	O
carry	B-aspectTerm
and	O
handle	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Cords	B-aspectTerm
coming	O
out	O
the	O
right	O
for	O
power	B-aspectTerm
plus	O
cords	B-aspectTerm
coming	O
out	O
front	O
for	O
headphones	B-aspectTerm
/	O
mic	B-aspectTerm
plus	O
network	B-aspectTerm
connection	I-aspectTerm
on	O
left	O
make	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
messy	O
setup	B-aspectTerm
with	O
cords	B-aspectTerm
going	O
every	O
direction	O
.	O

Unless	O
you	O
want	O
to	O
be	O
inconvenienced	O
with	O
a	O
non	O
working	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
which	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
find	O
a	O
replacement	O
for	O
because	O
they	O
made	O
the	O
attachment	O
so	O
small	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
much	O
faster	O
than	O
my	O
desktop	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
Core2	B-aspectTerm
Quad	I-aspectTerm
running	O
at	O
2.83	O
GHz	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
good	O
to	O
know	O
that	O
I	O
can	O
mobilize	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
baby	O
my	O
electronics	O
so	O
I	O
know	O
for	O
a	O
fact	O
it	O
was	O
defective	O
and	O
not	O
anything	O
that	O
I	O
did	O
to	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
nice	O
,	O
side	O
view	O
angles	O
are	O
pretty	O
good	O
.	O

The	O
fact	O
that	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
reacts	O
to	O
the	O
lighting	O
around	O
you	O
is	O
an	O
added	O
luxury	O
-	O
when	O
you	O
are	O
working	O
around	O
others	O
in	O
dark	O
areas	O
and	O
want	O
privacy	O
or	O
do	O
n't	O
want	O
to	O
bother	O
them	O
with	O
bright	O
lighting	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
convenient	O
to	O
have	O
a	O
darker	O
,	O
softer	O
lit	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
.	O

3	O
weeks	O
went	O
by	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
keeps	O
crashing	O
and	O
will	O
not	O
open	O
any	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Not	O
to	O
mention	O
sometimes	O
the	O
whole	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
unit	I-aspectTerm
will	O
decide	O
not	O
to	O
work	O
entirely	O
.	O

Looks	B-aspectTerm
nice	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
a	O
horribly	O
cheap	O
feel	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
not	O
buying	O
this	O
product	O
.	O

its	O
more	O
like	O
a	O
snail	O
crawl	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
other	O
computers	O
that	O
get	O
strong	O
signals	B-aspectTerm
that	O
do	O
n't	O
drop	O
in	O
places	O
that	O
this	O
"	O
net"book	O
loses	O
its	O
signal	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
feel	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
is	O
better	O
than	O
the	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
too	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
recommend	O
this	O
laptop	O
to	O
anyone	O
looking	O
to	O
get	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
who	O
is	O
willing	O
to	O
spend	O
a	O
little	O
more	O
money	O
to	O
get	O
great	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
!	O

I	O
upgraded	O
the	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
and	O
replaced	O
the	O
base	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
to	O
Win	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Home	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
just	O
fine	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
not	O
sure	O
if	O
it	O
was	O
the	O
drive	B-aspectTerm
itself	O
,	O
however	O
;	O

So	O
I	O
called	O
,	O
AGAIN	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
users	O
mentioned	O
how	O
the	O
edges	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
macbook	O
is	O
sharp	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
money	O
to	O
spend	O
on	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
incase	B-aspectTerm
shells	I-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
does	O
n't	O
seem	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
its	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
easily	O
accommodates	O
large	O
hands	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
weight	B-aspectTerm
is	O
fantasic	O
.	O

Called	O
Acer	O
many	O
times	O
,	O
they	O
want	O
me	O
to	O
pay	O
the	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
to	O
ship	O
it	O
to	O
their	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
-	O
I	O
was	O
very	O
disappointed	O
since	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
brand	O
new	O
computer	O
!	O

I	O
was	O
constantly	O
having	O
to	O
roll	O
back	O
the	O
computer	O
after	O
doing	O
updates	O
.	O

Stay	O
away	O
from	O
Envy	O
.	O

-got	O
it	O
back	O
3	O
months	O
later	O

I	O
have	O
had	O
to	O
send	O
in	O
my	O
laptop	O
three	O
times	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
turned	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
nothing	O
.	O

I	O
should	O
have	O
checked	O
this	O
before	O
I	O
installed	O
my	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
is	O
really	O
long	O
.	O

Anyway	O
,	O
in	O
early	O
July	O
of	O
this	O
year	O
,	O
the	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
burner	I-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
stared	O
having	O
issues	O
with	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Had	O
some	O
trouble	O
finding	O
a	O
case	B-aspectTerm
that	O
it	O
would	O
fit	O
in	O
.	O

The	O
17	O
in	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
wonderful	O
addition	O
.	O

This	O
computer	O
that	O
I	O
have	O
has	O
had	O
issues	O
with	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
where	O
it	O
lost	O
half	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
functions	I-aspectTerm
.	O

1st	O
time	O
they	O
got	O
it	O
working	O
the	O
next	O
5	O
month	O
they	O
had	O
me	O
send	O
it	O
in	O
.	O

Comes	O
with	O
iMovie	B-aspectTerm
;	O

I	O
just	O
love	O
my	O
Mac	O
!	O

I	O
can	O
not	O
even	O
read	O
what	O
I	O
am	O
writing	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
.	O

MACS	O
ARE	O
AMAZING	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

My	O
hp	O
G60	O
-	O
244dx	O
died	O
after	O
only	O
16	O
months	O
.	O

They	O
freeze	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
.	O

this	O
one	O
,	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
,	O
might	O
be	O
a	O
lemon	O
!	O

The	O
book	O
is	O
useless	O
.	O

COMPUTER	O
HAS	O
BEEN	O
AT	O
SERVICE	B-aspectTerm
FACILITY	I-aspectTerm
MORE	O
THAN	O
IN	O
MY	O
HANDS	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
very	O
large	O
and	O
barely	O
fits	O
in	O
any	O
carrying	O
cases	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
called	O
Sony	O
the	O
Customer	B-aspectTerm
Service	I-aspectTerm
was	O
Great	O
.	O

even	O
though	O
I	O
had	O
the	O
receipt	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
me	O
proving	O
it	O
still	O
had	O
2	O
months	O
left	O
on	O
the	O
warranty	O
.	B-aspectTerm

I	O
sent	O
it	O
to	O
them	O
to	O
fix	O
in	O
perfect	O
condition	O
but	O
for	O
what	O
was	O
wrong	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
a	O
much	O
more	O
streamlined	O
system	B-aspectTerm
for	O
adding	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
,	O
using	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
internet	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
doing	O
other	O
things	O
everyone	O
does	O
on	O
a	O
computer	O
.	O

My	O
computer	O
froze	O
on	O
several	O
occasion	O
,	O
had	O
buttons	B-aspectTerm
that	O
randomely	O
would	O
fall	O
off	O
and	O
even	O
had	O
moments	O
when	O
the	O
computer	O
would	O
refuse	O
to	O
turn	O
on	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Not	O
even	O
safe	B-aspectTerm
mode	I-aspectTerm
boots	O
.	O

Which	O
was	O
way	O
too	O
much	O
money	O
.	O

To	O
those	O
thinking	O
about	O
switching	O
,	O
do	O
it	O
and	O
do	O
not	O
look	O
back	O
!	O

This	O
is	O
an	O
over	O
-	O
sized	O
,	O
18-inch	B-aspectTerm
laptop	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
$	O
100	O
for	O
a	O
universal	B-aspectTerm
charger	I-aspectTerm
for	O
this	O
cheap	O
$	O
300	O
laptop	O
.	O

The	O
powerpoint	B-aspectTerm
opened	O
seamlessly	O
in	O
the	O
apple	O
and	O
the	O
mac	O
hooked	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
projector	O
so	O
easily	O
it	O
was	O
almost	O
scary	O
.	O

1.You	O
can	O
not	O
change	O
your	O
desktop	B-aspectTerm
background	I-aspectTerm
(	O
window	B-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
starter	I-aspectTerm
does	O
NOT	O
support	O
that	O
function	B-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

Took	O
me	O
11	O
hours	O
,	O
3	O
trips	O
to	O
different	O
FedEx	O
offices	O
,	O
and	O
brutal	O
conversations	O
with	O
14	O
of	O
the	O
worse	O
IT	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
technicians	I-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
world	O
.	O

Then	O
after	O
4	O
or	O
so	O
months	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
buy	O
new	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
just	O
to	O
keep	O
this	O
computer	O
running	O
.	O

One	O
year	O
of	O
trying	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
computer	O
by	O
myself	O
,	O
with	O
help	O
of	O
friends	O
,	O
and	O
even	O
help	O
from	O
computer	O
experts	O
I	O
have	O
given	O
up	O
on	O
trying	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

As	O
usual	O
at	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
,	O
she	O
asked	O
me	O
to	O
hold	O
for	O
a	O
moment	O
while	O
she	O
went	O
to	O
the	O
back	O
-	O
office	O
and	O
compare	O
it	O
with	O
other	O
same	O
model	O
netbooks	O
and	O
discussed	O
it	O
with	O
her	O
colleague	O
(	O
I	O
could	O
see	O
them	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
gets	O
smeary	O
and	O
dusty	O
very	O
quickly	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
very	O
noticeable	O
.	O

It	O
all	O
just	O
makes	O
sense	O
.	O

2	O
)	O
Blue	O
screen	O
first	O
month	O

I	O
love	O
it	O
so	O
much	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
for	O
Christmas	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
so	O
excited	O
to	O
set	O
it	O
up	O
!	O

Strengths	O
:	O
Well	O
-	O
shaped	B-aspectTerm
Weaknesses	O
:	O
A	O
bad	O
videocard	B-aspectTerm
!	O

You	O
ca	O
n't	O
even	O
get	O
a	O
satellite	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
which	O
is	O
why	O
I	O
bought	O
to	O
begin	O
with	O
.	O

I	O
use	O
it	O
now	O
more	O
than	O
I	O
even	O
thought	O
I	O
would	O
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
,	O
before	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
completely	O
died	O
of	O
course	O
,	O
left	O
much	O
to	O
be	O
desired	O
.	O

Do	O
yourself	O
a	O
favor	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
fake	O
story	O
trying	O
to	O
hurt	O
alienware	O
...	O

It	O
is	O
a	O
REAL	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
,	O
not	O
the	O
toy	O
I	O
saw	O
in	O
other	O
brands	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
worked	O
fine	O
.	O

The	O
most	O
amazing	O
part	O
to	O
me	O
as	O
a	O
PC	O
user	O
is	O
the	O
startup	O
and	O
shutdown	O
times	O
-	O
and	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
very	O
rarely	O
have	O
to	O
restart	O
the	O
thing	O
.	O

Long	O
story	O
,	O
but	O
after	O
many	O
calls	O
to	O
various	O
offices	O
,	O
I	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
no	O
one	O
can	O
override	O
the	O
depot	O
and	O
that	O
managers	O
do	O
n't	O
take	O
phone	O
calls	O
or	O
e	O
/	O
mails	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
throw	O
anything	O
at	O
it	O
(	O
and	O
I	O
do	O
)	O
,	O
Pictures	O
,	O
video	O
editing	O
,	O
schoolwork	O
.	O

Price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
purpose	O
is	O
awesome	O
!	O

Wonderful	O
zooming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
huge	O
and	O
coloful	O
,	O
but	O
no	O
LED	O
backlighting	O
.	O

the	O
two	O
of	O
us	O
use	O
it	O
regularly	O
.	O

In	O
all	O
honesty	O
,	O
if	O
someone	O
is	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
quality	O
laptop	O
and	O
willing	O
to	O
pay	O
a	O
little	O
more	O
money	O
for	O
a	O
normal	O
sized	B-aspectTerm
laptop	O
than	O
a	O
cheaper	O
and	O
less	O
impressive	O
laptop	O
,	O
then	O
do	O
not	O
buy	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

Everything	O
about	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
paying	O
over	O
$	O
1000	O
for	O
this	O
computer	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
not	O
worth	O
it	O
.	O

Worse	O
,	O
for	O
the	O
price	O
I	B-aspectTerm
could	O
get	O
a	O
*	O
netbook	O
*	O
that	O
outperforms	O
this	O
machine	O
.	O

Very	O
happy	O
with	O
my	O
7th	O
Toshiba	O
laptop	O
!	O

My	O
wife	O
recently	O
purchased	O
an	O
Apple	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
and	O
our	O
granddaughter	O
fell	O
in	O
love	O
with	O
it	O
and	O
asked	O
for	O
one	O
for	O
her	O
birthday	O
.	O

It	O
had	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
and	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
power	B-aspectTerm
that	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
replace	O
my	O
desktop	O
machine	O
.	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
was	O
also	O
very	O
nice	O
and	O
had	O
a	O
solid	O
feel	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
only	O
buy	O
apple	O
laptops	O
from	O
now	O
on	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
definitely	O
suggest	O
this	O
laptop	O
!	O

It	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
all	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
I	O
expected	O
it	O
to	O
have	O
.	O

Just	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
idiots	O
who	O
's	O
English	O
as	O
a	O
5th	O
language	O
is	O
forced	O
at	O
best	O
.	O

No	O
luck	O
,	O
although	O
I	O
waited	O
for	O
hours	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
-	O
Visited	O
MacHouse	O
,	O
they	O
stated	O
the	O
their	O
call	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
is	O
down	O
due	O
to	O
too	O
many	O
phonecalls	O
(	O
difficult	O
to	O
believe	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
a	O
backlit	B-aspectTerm
keyboard	I-aspectTerm
which	O
is	O
perfect	O
for	O
typing	O
in	O
the	O
dark	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
and	O
a	O
great	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
spoke	O
with	O
a	O
service	B-aspectTerm
rep	I-aspectTerm
at	O
Micro	O
Center	O
and	O
his	O
girlfriend	O
is	O
having	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
with	O
her	O
power	B-aspectTerm
adapter	I-aspectTerm
,	O
so	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
just	O
an	O
isolated	O
incident	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

They	O
had	O
me	O
send	O
in	O
the	O
machine	O
last	O
April	O
returned	O
it	O
to	O
me	O
in	O
May	O
with	O
no	O
documentation	O
on	O
what	O
was	O
done	O
it	O
anything	O
.	O

5	O
)	O
Cut	O
my	O
losses	O
and	O
sold	O
it	O
for	O
parts	O

All	O
I	O
can	O
say	O
is	O
W	O
-	O
O	O
-	O
W.	O

I	O
love	O
this	O
program	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
is	O
superior	O
to	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
movie	I-aspectTerm
maker	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Which	O
is	O
what	O
I	O
did	O
,	O
check	O
out	O
my	O
ACER	O
5517	O
!	O

He	O
has	O
replaced	O
his	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
twice	O
and	O
(	O
of	O
course	O
)	O
has	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
for	O
antivirus	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
every	O
year	O
.	O

This	O
purchase	O
opened	O
me	O
to	O
the	O
world	O
of	O
Macbooks	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
intuition	O
of	O
the	O
design	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
beauty	B-aspectTerm
of	O
the	O
product	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
excellent	O
technological	O
advances	O
associated	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
loved	O
this	O
since	O
i	O
took	O
it	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
box	O
.	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
for	O
this	O
model	O
,	O
I	O
only	O
plan	O
on	O
using	O
it	O
for	O
media	O
in	O
the	O
entertainment	O
room	O
.	O

It	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
very	O
nice	O
laptop	O
except	O
I	O
was	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
load	O
my	O
Garmin	B-aspectTerm
GPS	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
or	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
2003	I-aspectTerm
.	O

But	O
,	O
like	O
I	O
said	O
before	O
,	O
the	O
only	O
reason	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
currently	O
have	O
a	O
Mac	O
laptop	O
is	O
because	O
all	O
of	O
their	O
laptops	O
are	O
too	O
pricey	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
also	O
had	O
to	O
have	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
replaced	O
at	O
my	O
expense	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
the	O
staff	B-aspectTerm
telling	O
me	O
older	O
version	O
did	O
not	O
make	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
noise	I-aspectTerm
cause	O
it	O
is	O
a	O
"	O
different	O
"	O
computer	O
.	O

Was	O
very	O
much	O
worth	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
i	O
paid	O
.	O

So	O
far	O
,	O
so	O
good	O
.	O

Even	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
!	O

A	O
tip	O
for	O
people	O
looking	O
into	O
this	O
computer	O
:	O
DO	O
NOT	O
BUY	O
IT	O
save	O
up	O
a	O
bit	O
more	O
money	O
and	O
buy	O
a	O
computer	O
that	O
will	O
last	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
little	O
computer	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
comes	O
in	O
very	O
handy	O
for	O
me	O
as	O
an	O
educator	O
.	O

Crisp	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
great	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
plenty	O
of	O
storage	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
a	O
long	O
and	O
tirring	O
process	O
that	O
after	O
a	O
while	O
it	O
seems	O
like	O
their	O
game	O
plan	O
was	O
to	O
wear	O
you	O
out	O
so	O
you	O
would	O
want	O
to	O
give	O
up	O
on	O
contacting	O
them	O
.	O

All	O
apple	B-aspectTerm
associates	I-aspectTerm
are	O
always	O
wiling	O
to	O
help	O
you	O
out	O
with	O
anything	O
,	O
no	O
matter	O
when	O
you	O
purchased	O
the	O
computer	O
and	O
how	O
many	O
years	O
passed	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
waiting	O
for	O
this	O
model	O
to	O
be	O
released	O
since	O
January	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
been	O
holding	O
off	O
on	O
buying	O
a	O
Macbook	O
Pro	O
until	O
the	O
new	O
model	O
came	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
will	O
never	O
buy	O
another	O
HP	O
computer	O
.	O

So	O
i	O
would	O
not	O
reccomend	O
anyone	O
buying	O
this	O
computer	O

You	O
will	O
regret	O
it	O
if	O
you	O
buy	O
any	O
dell	O
.	O

i	O
think	O
that	O
anyone	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
good	O
durrable	O
laptop	O
then	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
go	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
my	O
sister	O
got	O
the	O
exact	O
same	O
laptop	O
(	O
since	O
they	O
were	O
so	O
cheap	O
)	O
and	O
after	O
8	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
split	O
in	O
half	O
just	O
from	O
everyday	O
use	O
.	O

It	O
started	O
out	O
getting	O
hot	O
after	O
only	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
.	O

The	O
Toshiba	O
Satellite	O
has	O
been	O
more	O
than	O
I	O
expected	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
adjust	O
my	O
mousepad	B-aspectTerm
sensitivity	I-aspectTerm
,	O
because	O
it	O
is	O
very	O
sensitive	O
.	O

I	O
wish	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
or	O
MS	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
came	O
with	O
the	O
Mac	O
,	O
but	O
MS	B-aspectTerm
Office	I-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
even	O
come	O
with	O
most	O
pc	O
laptops	O
.	O

To	O
my	O
mind	O
much	O
more	O
usable	O
than	O
the	O
toy	O
called	O
an	O
IPad	O
.	O

It	O
allows	O
me	O
to	O
do	O
everything	O
I	O
need	O
from	O
a	O
computer	O
and	O
more	O
.	O

The	O
best	O
thing	O
is	O
even	O
while	O
doing	O
almost	O
ten	O
or	O
twenty	O
things	O
at	O
once	O
,	O
it	O
never	O
slows	O
down	O
.	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
plastic	O
and	O
spongey	O
feeling	O
.	O

,	O
which	O
Apple	O
does	O
n't	O
offer	O
,	O
is	O
why	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
MacBook	O
at	O
Best	O
Buy	O
.	O

previous	O
laptops	O
were	O
pc	O
's	O
,	O
still	O
have	O
them	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
mac	B-aspectTerm
osx	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
clean	O
and	O
smooth	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
computer	O
is	O
a	O
dream	O
come	O
true	O
.	O

i	O
also	O
love	O
having	O
the	O
extra	O
calculator	O
number	O
set	O
up	O
on	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
which	O
most	O
laptops	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
.	O

I	O
'm	O
glad	O
I	O
made	O
the	O
choice	O
to	O
switch	O
and	O
buy	O
this	O
MAC	O
.	O

Because	O
he	O
said	O
that	O
the	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
is	O
under	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
and	O
they	O
have	O
to	O
dismantle	O
the	O
whole	O
thing	O
before	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
tightened	O
.	O

You	O
can	O
do	O
it	O
all	O
on	O
this	O
bad	O
boy	O
but	O
the	O
main	O
thing	O
this	O
netbook	O
was	O
desinged	O
for	O
was	O
surfing	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
web	I-aspectTerm
and	O
boy	O
o	O
boy	O
does	O
it	O
ever	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
my	O
Apple	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
quick	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
shop	O
and	O
they	O
said	O
It	O
would	O
cost	O
too	O
much	O
to	O
repair	O
it	O
.	O

Did	O
n't	O
expect	O
to	O
repair	O
it	O
at	O
once	O
!	O

It	O
is	O
quiet	O
and	O
a	O
real	O
joy	O
to	O
watch	O
work	O
.	O

With	O
notes	O
saying	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
laptop	O
is	O
relatively	O
simple	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
though	O
I	O
bought	O
Macs	O
for	O
Dummies	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
well	O
worth	O
$	O
2	O

Ca	O
n't	O
close	O
the	O
2nd	O
HDD	B-aspectTerm
bay	I-aspectTerm
since	O
there	O
are	O
brackets	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
break	O
off	O
(	O
even	O
then	O
,	O
it	O
still	O
does	O
n't	O
shut	O
)	O
That	O
could	O
be	O
a	O
major	O
flaw	O
for	O
the	O
dual	O
HDD	O
user	O
.	O

From	O
the	O
start	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
open	O
the	O
box	O
you	O
see	O
a	O
completely	O
different	O
class	O
of	O
machine	O
.	O

No	O
tutorials	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
display	O
.	O

The	O
leather	B-aspectTerm
carrying	I-aspectTerm
case	I-aspectTerm
,	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
and	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
arrived	O
in	O
two	O
days	O
from	O
Memphis	O
warehouse	O
.	O

The	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
is	O
among	O
the	O
best	O
.	O

Very	O
very	O
disappointed	O
!	O

If	O
you	O
are	O
a	O
person	O
like	O
me	O
,	O
more	O
on	O
the	O
creative	O
side	O
,	O
the	O
mac	O
has	O
something	O
for	O
you	O
too	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
to	O
have	O
these	O
computers	O
in	O
my	O
school	O
.	O

Thus	O
,	O
when	O
you	O
carry	O
it	O
at	O
a	O
slanted	O
angle	O
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
will	O
"	O
topple	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
slide	O
"	O
down	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
understand	O
what	O
I	O
mean	O
.	O

Again	O
.	O

To	O
this	O
day	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
NONE	O
.	O

i	O
setup	O
my	O
password	O
last	O
night	O
with	O
the	O
password	O
on	O
my	O
other	O
computer	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
an	O
amazing	O
image	O
and	O
it	O
too	O
is	O
holding	O
up	O
quite	O
nicely	O
to	O
little	O
hands	O
grabbing	O
the	O
back	O
of	O
my	O
laptop	O
.	O

first	O
i	O
have	O
been	O
searching	O
for	O
long	O
time	O
before	O
i	O
decided	O
to	O
get	O
mac	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
now	O
all	O
commodity	B-aspectTerm
hardware	I-aspectTerm
.	O

We	O
also	O
use	O
Paralles	B-aspectTerm
so	O
we	O
can	O
run	O
virtual	O
machines	O
of	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
Professional	I-aspectTerm
,	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Home	I-aspectTerm
Premium	I-aspectTerm
,	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
Server	I-aspectTerm
Enterprise	I-aspectTerm
2003	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
Server	I-aspectTerm
2008	I-aspectTerm
Enterprise	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
was	O
so	O
excited	O
when	O
my	O
dad	O
said	O
i	O
could	O
get	O
a	O
new	O
laptop	O
for	O
my	O
birthday	O
.	O

We	O
purchased	O
this	O
as	O
a	O
back	O
up	O
computer	O
after	O
our	O
more	O
expensive	O
HP	O
needed	O
to	O
be	O
repaired	O
.	O

-They	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
computer	O
is	O
in	O
their	O
headquarters	O
.	O

bought	O
notebook	O
07/2009	O
.	O

How	O
Toshiba	O
handles	O
the	O
repair	B-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
vary	O
,	O
some	O
folks	O
indicate	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
charged	O
for	O
even	O
an	O
intial	O
fix	O
,	O
others	O
had	O
the	O
repair	O
done	B-aspectTerm
5	O
times	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
different	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
altogether	O
.	O

All	O
of	O
them	O
were	O
Windows	O
machines	O
.	O

Well	O
,	O
I	O
had	O
completed	O
the	O
presentation	O
in	O
powerpoint	O
the	O
night	O
before	O
on	O
my	O
PC	O
,	O
but	O
took	O
the	O
Apple	O
to	O
the	O
conference	O
.	O

The	O
latest	O
and	O
mightiest	O
Macbook	O
pro	O
17-inch	O
was	O
bought	O
by	O
my	O
university	O
on	O
the	O
30th	O
of	O
June	O
2009	O
.	O

I	O
have	O
a	O
business	O
website	O
and	O
every	O
time	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
change	O
something	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
go	O
to	O
the	O
public	O
library	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

I	O
paid	O
about	O
the	O
same	O
for	O
my	O
Toshiba	O
as	O
I	O
did	O
for	O
the	O
compaq	O
a	O
few	O
years	O
back	O
.	O

This	O
was	O
an	O
update	O
from	O
an	O
early	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
I	O
might	O
rather	O
suffer	O
for	O
something	O
that	O
is	O
simple	O
to	O
fix	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/Laptop-reviews/train_20.txt
================================================
I	O
charge	O
it	O
at	O
night	O
and	O
skip	O
taking	O
the	O
cord	B-aspectTerm
with	O
me	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
good	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
guy	I-aspectTerm
then	O
said	O
the	O
service	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
does	O
not	O
do	O
1-to-1	O
exchange	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
direct	O
my	O
concern	O
to	O
the	O
"	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
team	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
retail	O
shop	O
which	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
netbook	O
from	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
,	O
has	O
a	O
killer	O
GUI	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
extremely	O
stable	O
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	O
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
that	O
it	O
offers	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Photobooth	B-aspectTerm
,	O
garage	B-aspectTerm
band	I-aspectTerm
and	O
more	O
!	O

Great	O
laptop	O
that	O
offers	O
many	O
great	O
features	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	B-aspectTerm
,	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	B-aspectTerm
light	I-aspectTerm
steady	O
,	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
light	I-aspectTerm
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	O

I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
an	O
Asus	O
and	O
same	O
thing-	O
blue	O
screen	O
which	O
required	O
me	O
to	O
remove	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
to	O
reset	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
shop	O
,	O
these	O
MacBooks	O
are	O
encased	O
in	O
a	O
soft	O
rubber	B-aspectTerm
enclosure	I-aspectTerm
-	O
so	O
you	O
will	O
never	O
know	O
about	O
the	O
razor	O
edge	B-aspectTerm
until	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
,	O
get	O
it	O
home	O
,	O
break	O
the	O
seal	O
and	O
use	O
it	O
(	O
very	O
clever	O
con	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
gestures	I-aspectTerm
and	O
large	O
tracking	B-aspectTerm
area	I-aspectTerm
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
unnecessary	O
(	O
unless	O
you	O
're	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
way	O
the	O
entire	O
suite	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
works	O
together	O
.	O

The	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
is	O
incredible	O
and	O
I	O
am	O
more	O
than	O
satisfied	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
meets	O
every	O
expectation	O
and	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
!	O

I	O
can	O
barely	O
use	O
any	O
usb	B-aspectTerm
devices	I-aspectTerm
because	O
they	O
will	O
not	O
stay	O
connected	O
properly	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
finally	O
had	O
everything	O
running	O
with	O
all	O
my	O
software	B-aspectTerm
installed	O
I	O
plugged	O
in	O
my	O
droid	O
to	O
recharge	O
and	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
crashed	O
.	O

One	O
suggestion	O
I	O
do	O
have	O
,	O
is	O
to	O
not	O
bother	O
getting	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
mac	I-aspectTerm
expecting	O
it	O
will	O
work	O
just	O
like	O
you	O
knew	O
it	O
to	O
on	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

Pairing	O
it	O
with	O
an	O
iPhone	O
is	O
a	O
pure	O
pleasure	O
-	O
talk	O
about	O
painless	O
syncing	B-aspectTerm
-	O
used	O
to	O
take	O
me	O
forever	O
-	O
now	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
snap	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
got	O
the	O
added	O
bonus	O
of	O
a	O
30	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
HD	I-aspectTerm
Monitor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
really	O
helps	O
to	O
extend	O
my	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
keep	O
my	O
eyes	O
fresh	O
!	O

The	O
machine	O
is	O
slow	O
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
and	O
occasionally	O
crashes	O
completely	O
.	O

After	O
paying	O
several	O
hundred	O
dollars	O
for	O
this	O
service	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
is	O
frustrating	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
not	O
get	O
help	O
after	O
hours	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
have	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
once	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
was	O
only	O
a	O
couple	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
it	O
's	O
been	O
working	O
perfect	O
ever	O
since	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
preloaded	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
best	O
thing	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
along	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
newer	O
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
numerous	O
attempts	O
of	O
trying	O
(	O
including	O
setting	O
the	O
clock	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
BIOS	I-aspectTerm
setup	I-aspectTerm
directly	O
)	O
,	O
I	O
gave	O
up(I	O
am	O
a	O
techie	O
)	O
.	O

YOU	O
WILL	O
NOT	O
BE	O
ABLE	O
TO	O
TALK	O
TO	O
AN	O
AMERICAN	O
WARRANTY	B-aspectTerm
SERVICE	I-aspectTerm
IS	O
OUT	O
OF	O
COUNTRY	O
.	O

but	O
now	O
i	O
have	O
realized	O
its	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
brand	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Toshiba	O
twice	O
they	O
covered	O
it	O
under	O
the	O
O	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
kinda	O
loud	O
when	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
was	O
running	O
.	O

In	O
desparation	O
,	O
I	O
called	O
their	O
Customer	B-aspectTerm
Service	I-aspectTerm
number	I-aspectTerm
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
my	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
had	O
expired	O
(	O
2	O
days	O
old	O
)	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
priviledge	O
of	O
talking	B-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
a	I-aspectTerm
technician	I-aspectTerm
would	O
cost	O
me	O
(	O
"	O
have	O
your	O
credit	O
card	O
ready	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
as	O
certain	O
times	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
loads	O
but	O
claims	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
any	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
or	O
files	O
.	O

Drivers	B-aspectTerm
updated	O
ok	O
but	O
the	O
BIOS	B-aspectTerm
update	I-aspectTerm
froze	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
up	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
shut	O
down	O
.	O

Spent	O
2	O
hours	O
on	O
phone	O
with	O
HP	B-aspectTerm
Technical	I-aspectTerm
Support	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
too	O
slick	O
.	O

Nightly	O
my	O
computer	O
defrags	O
itself	O
and	O
runs	O
a	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
scan	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
like	O
9	B-aspectTerm
punds	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
look	O
past	O
it	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
GREAT	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
just	O
as	O
fast	O
with	O
one	O
program	B-aspectTerm
open	O
as	O
it	O
is	O
with	O
sixteen	O
open	O
.	O

Still	O
under	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
so	O
called	O
Toshiba	O
,	O
no	O
help	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
happy	O
with	O
My	O
purchase	O
of	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
Satellite	O
L305D	O
-	O
S5934	O
laptop	O
until	O
it	O
came	O
time	O
to	O
have	O
it	O
repaired	O
under	O
the	O
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
Warranty	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Amazing	O
Quality	B-aspectTerm
!	O

The	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
spend	O
over	O
$	O
100	O
on	O
just	O
a	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
underscores	O
the	O
value	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
machine	O
.	O

I	O
mainly	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
email	O
,	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
managing	B-aspectTerm
personal	I-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
(	O
pics	O
,	O
vids	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
month	O
or	O
so	O
ago	O
,	O
the	O
freaking	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
just	O
died	O
.	O

The	O
system	B-aspectTerm
it	O
comes	O
with	O
does	O
not	O
work	O
properly	O
,	O
so	O
when	O
trying	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
it	O
started	O
not	O
working	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Then	O
after	O
4	O
or	O
so	O
months	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
buy	O
new	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
just	O
to	O
keep	O
this	O
computer	O
running	O
.	O

If	O
a	O
website	O
ever	O
freezes	O
(	O
which	O
is	O
rare	O
)	O
,	O
its	O
really	O
easy	O
to	O
force	B-aspectTerm
quit	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
rarely	O
works	B-aspectTerm
and	O
when	O
it	O
does	O
it	O
's	O
incredibly	O
slow	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
enjoy	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
laptop	O
allows	O
me	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
VMWare	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
through	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
,	O
to	O
find	B-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
a	O
lot	O
faster	O
!	O

Purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
Lap	O
top	O
it	O
worked	O
good	O
until	O
just	O
after	O
the	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
to	O
purchase	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
and	O
they	O
refused	O
,	O
because	O
they	O
knew	O
it	O
was	O
trouble	O
.	O

We	O
upgraded	O
the	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
to	O
four	O
gigabytes	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
performace	B-aspectTerm
increase	O
in	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
reality	O
was	O
,	O
it	O
heated	O
up	O
very	O
quickly	O
,	O
and	O
took	O
way	O
too	O
long	O
to	O
do	O
simple	O
things	O
,	O
like	O
opening	B-aspectTerm
my	I-aspectTerm
Documents	I-aspectTerm
folder	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
always	O
used	O
PCs	O
and	O
been	O
constantly	O
frustrated	O
by	O
the	O
crashing	O
and	O
the	O
poorly	O
designed	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
systems	I-aspectTerm
that	O
were	O
never	O
very	O
intuitive	O
.	O

Then	O
,	O
within	O
5	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
crapped	O
out	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
iphone	O
or	O
ipod	O
touch	O
you	O
can	O
connect	O
and	O
download	O
songs	O
to	O
it	O
at	O
high	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
glass	B-aspectTerm
touchpad	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
I	O
continued	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
computer	O
in	O
AGAIN	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
mother	B-aspectTerm
board	I-aspectTerm
yet	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
using	O
the	O
external	B-aspectTerm
speaker-	I-aspectTerm
sound	B-aspectTerm
is	O
good	O
.	O

still	O
testing	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
as	O
i	O
thought	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
better	O
,	O
but	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
upgrade	O
.	O

Then	O
HP	O
sends	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
me	O
with	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
screwed	O
up	O
,	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
connect	O
.	O

Oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
forget	O
the	O
expensive	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
to	O
and	O
from	O
HP	O
.	O

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
is	O
just	O
so	O
much	O
simpler	O
than	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
writing	O
,	O
editing	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
problem	O
since	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
O	O
forward	O
delete	B-aspectTerm
I-aspectTerm	I-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Its	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
top	O
service	B-aspectTerm
from	O
Apple-	O
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	B-aspectTerm
assistance	I-aspectTerm
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	B-aspectTerm
bar-	I-aspectTerm
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
word	B-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
and	O
movie	B-aspectTerm
playing	I-aspectTerm
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

Acer	O
has	O
set	O
me	O
up	O
with	O
FREE	O
recovery	B-aspectTerm
discs	I-aspectTerm
,	O
when	O
they	O
are	O
available	O
since	O
I	O
asked	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
purchased	O
Office	B-aspectTerm
Max	I-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
Max	I-aspectTerm
Assurance	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
"	O
no	O
lemon	O
"	O
clause	O
.	O

I	O
eventually	O
did	O
the	O
migration	O
from	O
my	O
iMac	B-aspectTerm
backup	I-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
which	O
uses	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
good	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
no	O
issues	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

Enabling	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
timer	I-aspectTerm
is	O
useless	O
.	O

Temperatures	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
outside	O
were	O
alright	O
but	O
i	O
did	O
not	O
track	O
in	O
Core	B-aspectTerm
Processing	I-aspectTerm
Unit	I-aspectTerm
temperatures	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Going	O
to	O
bring	O
it	O
to	O
service	B-aspectTerm
today	O
.	O

There	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
purchase	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
saves	O
me	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
and	O
money	O
.	O

But	O
we	O
had	O
paid	O
for	O
bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
there	O
was	O
none	O
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
paid	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
LG	B-aspectTerm
notebook	I-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
at	O
Alexandra	O
Road	O
,	O
hoping	O
they	O
can	O
make	O
the	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
tighter	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
always	O
reliable	O
,	O
never	O
bugged	O
and	O
responds	B-aspectTerm
well	O
.	O

After	O
about	O
a	O
week	O
I	O
finally	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
had	O
failed	O
and	O
so	O
they	O
installed	O
a	O
new	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

they	O
had	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
in	O
April	O

Yes	O
,	O
the	O
computer	O
was	O
light	O
weight	O
,	O
less	O
expensive	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
pretty	O
self	O
explantory	O
in	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
a	O
representive	B-aspectTerm
at	I-aspectTerm
Microsoft	I-aspectTerm
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
charge	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
believe	O
is	O
robbery	O
,	O
since	O
you	O
are	O
charged	O
enormous	O
amounts	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
badly	O
designed	O
system	B-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
most	O
people	O
would	O
have	O
went	O
with	O
XP	B-aspectTerm
if	O
they	O
could	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
WIndows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
which	O
is	O
a	O
vast	O
improvment	O
over	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
very	O
quiet	O
for	O
all	O
the	O
typing	O
that	O
I	O
do	O
.	O

Dell	B-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
customer	I-aspectTerm
disservice	I-aspectTerm
is	O
an	O
insult	O
to	O
it	O
's	O
customers	O
who	O
pay	O
good	O
money	O
for	O
shoddy	O
products	O
.	O

It	O
had	O
a	O
cooling	O
system	O
malfunction	O
after	O
10	O
minutes	O
of	O
general	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
move	O
past	O
this	O
error	O
.	O

I	O
can	O
render	O
AVCHD	O
movies	O
with	O
little	O
effort	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
problem	O
for	O
most	O
pc	O
's	O
unless	O
you	O
had	O
a	O
quad	B-aspectTerm
core	I-aspectTerm
I7	I-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
talking	O
it	O
over	O
with	O
the	O
very	O
knowledgeable	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
associate	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
chose	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
over	O
the	O
white	O
MacBook	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
really	O
want	O
a	O
bang	O
-	O
up	O
system	B-aspectTerm
and	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
,	O
go	O
with	O
an	O
Apple	O
;	O

You	O
wo	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
spend	O
gobs	O
of	O
money	O
on	O
some	O
inefficient	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
that	O
needs	O
to	O
be	O
updated	O
every	O
month	O
and	O
that	O
constantly	O
drains	O
your	O
wallet	O
.	O

It	O
weighed	B-aspectTerm
like	O
seven	B-aspectTerm
pounds	I-aspectTerm
or	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
.	O

You	O
may	O
need	O
to	O
special	O
order	O
a	O
bag	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
color	B-aspectTerm
is	O
even	O
cool	O
.	O

keys	B-aspectTerm
are	O
all	O
in	O
weird	O
places	O
and	O
is	O
way	O
too	O
large	O
for	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
is	O
designed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
a	O
Mac	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
money	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
laptop	O
out	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
comparison	O
in	O
style	B-aspectTerm
,	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
and	O
just	O
cool	O
factor	O
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
feels	O
good	O
and	O
I	O
type	O
just	O
fine	O
on	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
the	O
white	O
Mac	O
computers	O
looked	O
dirty	O
too	O
quicly	O
where	O
you	O
use	O
the	O
mousepad	B-aspectTerm
and	O
where	O
you	O
place	O
your	O
hands	O
when	O
typing	O
.	O

And	O
not	O
to	O
mention	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
or	O
so	O
,	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
will	O
slowly	O
less	O
and	O
less	O
hold	O
a	O
charge	O
until	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
leave	O
it	O
unplugged	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
5	O
minutes	O
without	O
the	O
thing	O
dying	O
.	O

BEST	O
BUY	O
-	O
5	O
STARS	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
(	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
,	O
service	B-aspectTerm
,	O
respect	O
for	O
old	O
men	O
who	O
are	O
n't	O
familiar	O
with	O
the	O
technology	O
)	O
DELL	O
COMPUTERS	O
-	O
3	O
stars	O
DELL	B-aspectTerm
SUPPORT	I-aspectTerm
-	O
owes	O
a	O
me	O
a	O
couple	O

no	O
complaints	O
with	O
their	O
desktop	O
,	O
and	O
maybe	O
because	O
it	O
just	O
sits	O
on	O
your	O
desktop	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
carry	O
it	O
around	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
jar	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
,	O
or	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
construction	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
longevity	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Since	O
I	O
keyboard	O
over	O
100	O
wpm	O
,	O
I	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
unit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
comfortble	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
(	O
no	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
sticking	O
or	O
lagging	O
,	O
strange	O
configuration	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
extra	I-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

)	O
I	O
also	O
tried	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	O
compared	O
it	O
to	O
other	O
netbooks	O
in	O
the	O
store	O
.	O

It	O
absolutely	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
most	O
PC	O
laptops	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
minimal	O
problems	O
that	O
have	O
arisen	O
make	O
it	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
pricetag	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
It	O
gets	O
stuck	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
you	O
use	B-aspectTerm
it	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
keep	O
tapping	O
on	O
it	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
work	B-aspectTerm
.	O

lots	O
of	O
preloaded	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
wish	O
it	O
had	O
a	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
though	O
,	O
then	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
perfect	O
!	O

My	O
favorite	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
vga	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
so	O
I	O
can	O
connect	O
it	O
to	O
a	O
bigger	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Another	O
thing	O
I	O
might	O
add	O
is	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
excellent	O
.	O

One	O
drawback	O
,	O
I	O
wish	O
the	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
were	O
backlit	O
.	O

Acer	O
was	O
no	O
help	O
and	O
Garmin	O
could	O
not	O
determine	O
the	O
problem(after	O
spending	O
about	O
2	O
hours	O
with	O
me	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
returned	O
it	O
and	O
purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
R700	O
that	O
seems	O
even	O
nicer	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
load	O
all	O
of	O
my	O
software	B-aspectTerm
with	O
no	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
wish	O
the	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
could	O
be	O
louder	O
and	O
the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
did	O
nt	O
break	O
after	O
only	O
a	O
month	O
.	O

I	O
play	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
casual	O
games	O
online	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
responsive	O
.	O

Granted	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
still	O
a	O
very	O
new	O
laptop	O
but	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
my	O
previous	O
laptops	O
and	O
desktops	O
,	O
my	O
Mac	O
boots	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
noticeably	O
quicker	O
.	O

It	O
caught	O
a	O
virus	O
that	O
completely	O
wiped	O
out	O
my	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
in	O
a	O
matter	O
of	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
everything	O
I	O
'd	O
hoped	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
from	O
a	O
look	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
feel	I-aspectTerm
standpoint	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
somehow	O
a	O
bit	O
more	O
sturdy	O
.	O

the	O
only	O
fact	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
like	O
about	O
apples	O
is	O
they	O
generally	O
use	O
safari	B-aspectTerm
and	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
use	O
safari	B-aspectTerm
but	O
after	O
i	O
install	O
Mozzilla	B-aspectTerm
firfox	I-aspectTerm
i	O
love	O
every	O
single	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
there	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fingerprint	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
driver	I-aspectTerm
would	O
be	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
would	O
hang	O
after	O
installation	O
was	O
1/2	O
way	O
done	O
.	O

Great	O
battery	O
,	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
display	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
delivery	B-aspectTerm
was	O
fast	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
would	O
not	O
hesitate	O
to	O
purchase	O
this	O
laptop	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
for	O
such	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
are	O
terrific	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
replacements	O
for	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
.	O

they	O
improved	O
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	B-aspectTerm
,	O
appearance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
cooling	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
,	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
webcam	I-aspectTerm
and	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
mic	I-aspectTerm
were	O
shorting	O
out	O
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	O
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	B-aspectTerm
and	O
mic	B-aspectTerm
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

My	O
dad	O
has	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
very	O
first	O
Toshibas	O
ever	O
made	O
,	O
yes	O
its	O
abit	O
slow	O
now	O
but	O
still	O
works	O
well	O
and	O
i	O
hooked	O
to	O
my	O
ethernet	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Mostly	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
drag	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
drop	I-aspectTerm
feature	I-aspectTerm
.	O

oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
the	O
fancy	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
breaks	O
guess	O
who	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
to	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
?	O

I	O
ordered	O
through	O
MacMall	O
,	O
which	O
saved	O
me	O
the	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
tax	I-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
have	O
incurred	O
buying	O
locally	O
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	O
software	B-aspectTerm
packages	I-aspectTerm
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	O
including	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
,	O
GarageBand	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
iMovie	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
large	O
and	O
crystal	O
clear	O
with	O
amazing	O
colors	O
and	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
a	O
little	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
year	O
of	O
owning	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
,	O
the	O
monitor	B-aspectTerm
has	O
completely	O
died	O
.	O

The	O
brand	O
of	O
iTunes	B-aspectTerm
has	O
just	O
become	O
ingrained	O
in	O
our	O
lexicon	O
now	O
,	O
but	O
keep	O
in	O
mind	O
that	O
Apple	O
started	O
it	O
all	O
.	O

Size	B-aspectTerm
:	O
I	O
know	O
13	O
is	O
small	O
(	O
especially	O
for	O
a	O
desktop	O
replacement	O
)	O
but	O
with	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
monitor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
who	O
cares	O
.	O

Additional	O
caveat	O
:	O
the	O
base	B-aspectTerm
installation	I-aspectTerm
comes	O
with	O
some	O
Toshiba	O
-	O
specific	O
software	B-aspectTerm
that	O
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
liking	O
.	O

Â	O
Taking	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Best	O
Buy	O
I	O
found	O
that	O
a	O
tiny	O
plastic	O
piece	O
inside	O
had	O
broken	O
(	O
manuf	B-aspectTerm
issue	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
incredibly	O
bright	O
,	O
much	O
brighter	O
than	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
and	O
very	O
crisp	O
.	O

The	O
AMD	B-aspectTerm
Turin	I-aspectTerm
processor	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
always	O
perform	O
so	O
much	O
better	O
than	O
Intel	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
After	O
that	O
the	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
under	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
start	B-aspectTerm
menu	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
the	O
easiest	O
thing	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
due	O
to	O
the	O
stacking	O
.	O

The	O
service	B-aspectTerm
tech	I-aspectTerm
said	O
he	O
had	O
tried	O
to	O
duplicate	O
the	O
damage	O
and	O
was	O
n't	O
able	O
to	O
recreate	O
it	O
therefore	O
it	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
their	O
defect	O
.	O

The	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
store	I-aspectTerm
I	O
purchased	O
this	O
from	O
sent	O
it	O
back,,,,,eventually	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
new	O
or	O
repaired	O
machine	O
approximately	O
3	O
weeks	O
later	O
.	O

Really	O
like	O
the	O
textured	O
surface	B-aspectTerm
which	O
shows	O
no	O
fingerprints	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
bright	O
and	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
nice	O
;	O

But	O
the	O
machine	O
is	O
awesome	O
and	O
iLife	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
and	O
I	O
love	O
Snow	B-aspectTerm
Leopard	I-aspectTerm
X.	I-aspectTerm

High	O
price	B-aspectTerm
tag	I-aspectTerm
,	O
however	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
learning	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
would	O
be	O
hard	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
easily	O
picked	O
up	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
familiar	O
with	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
static	O
in	O
the	O
output	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
output	I-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
to	O
"	O
FM	O
"	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
the	O
default	O
"	O
CD	O
.	O

I	O
custom	O
ordered	O
the	O
machine	O
from	O
HP	O
and	O
could	O
NOT	O
understand	O
the	O
techie	B-aspectTerm
due	O
to	O
his	O
accent	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
lightweight	O
.	O

I	O
went	O
to	O
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
online	I-aspectTerm
help	I-aspectTerm
and	O
found	O
some	O
suggestions	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
.	O

They	O
also	O
have	O
a	O
longer	O
service	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
than	O
other	O
computers	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
several	O
friends	O
who	O
still	O
use	O
the	O
older	O
Apple	O
PowerBooks	O
)	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
check	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
the	O
same	O
notebook	O
with	O
the	O
above	O
missing	O
ports	B-aspectTerm
and	O
a	O
dual	O
core	O
AMD	O
or	O
Intel	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
has	O
a	O
sleek	O
look	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
especially	O
like	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
which	O
has	O
chiclet	O
type	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Small	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
somewhat	O
limiting	O
but	O
great	O
for	O
travel	O
.	O

Runs	O
Hot	O
O	O
I	O
thought	O
we	O
were	O
paying	O
for	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
in	O
our	O
decision	O
to	O
buy	O
an	O
Apple	O
product	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
not	O
so	O
good	O
,	O
I	O
got	O
the	O
stock	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
-	O
which	O
is	O
VERY	O
glossy	O
.	O

The	O
gray	B-aspectTerm
color	I-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
good	O
choice	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
like	O
to	O
have	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
rather	O
than	O
the	O
adjustment	O
that	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
a	O
AMD	O
Semprom	O
at	O
2.1	O
ghz	O
is	O
a	O
bummer	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
power	O
for	O
HD	O
or	O
heavy	O
computing	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
bought	O
a	O
protector	B-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
key	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
works	O
great	O
:)	O

It	O
seems	O
they	O
could	O
have	O
updated	O
XP	B-aspectTerm
and	O
done	O
without	O
creating	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
fast	O
and	O
has	O
great	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
how	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
is	O
so	O
simple	O
and	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

While	O
Apple	O
's	O
saving	O
grace	O
is	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
they	O
at	O
least	O
stand	O
behind	O
their	O
products	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
support	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
nice	O
if	O
their	O
products	O
were	O
more	O
reliable	O
to	O
justify	O
the	O
premium	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
ready	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
a	O
refund	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
Geek	B-aspectTerm
Squad	I-aspectTerm
camed	O
through	O
and	O
pointed	O
me	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
direction	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
.	O

only	O
good	O
thing	O
is	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
other	O
lock	O
-	O
up	O
problems	O
are	O
from	O
a	O
myriad	O
of	O
causes	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
being	O
a	O
corrupted	O
version	O
of	O
Appleworks	B-aspectTerm
which	O
can	O
render	O
the	O
browser	B-aspectTerm
useless	O
.	O

The	O
paint	B-aspectTerm
wears	O
off	O
easily	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
being	O
farther	O
back	O
than	O
usual	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
purchased	O
it	O
from	O
a	O
major	O
electronics	O
store	O
and	O
took	O
it	O
to	O
their	O
service	B-aspectTerm
department	I-aspectTerm
to	O
find	O
out	O
what	O
the	O
problem	O
was	O
.	O

The	O
store	O
honored	O
their	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
made	O
the	O
comment	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
even	O
recommend	O
the	O
HP	O
brand	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
problems	O
with	O
their	O
warrentys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
always	O
use	O
a	O
backup	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
to	O
store	O
important	O
files	O
at	O
all	O
times	O
.	O

They	O
sent	O
out	O
the	O
box	O
right	O
away	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
in	O
my	O
computer	O
,	O
they	O
paid	O
postage	O
and	O
whatnot	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
I	O
got	O
my	O
computer	O
back	O
it	O
still	O
was	O
n't	O
running	B-aspectTerm
right	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
my	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
was	O
n't	O
reading	O
anything	O
!	O

But	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
that	O
bad	O
for	O
email	O
and	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Once	O
I	O
removed	O
all	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
the	O
laptop	O
loads	B-aspectTerm
in	O
15	O
-	O
20	O
seconds	O
.	O

On	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
use	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
use	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
because	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
computer	O
does	O
n't	O
do	O
that	O
well	O
with	O
certain	O
games	B-aspectTerm
it	O
ca	O
n't	O
play	O
some	O
and	O
it	O
becomes	O
too	O
hot	O
while	O
playing	O
games	O
.	O

Obviously	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
important	O
features	B-aspectTerm
of	O
any	O
computer	O
is	O
the	O
"	O
human	O
interface	O
.	O

Yeah	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
smarty	O
pants	O
"	O
fix	O
it	O
now")Software	O
-	O
Compared	O
to	O
the	O
early	O
2011	O
edition	O
I	O
did	O
see	O
inbuilt	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
crashing	O
and	O
it	O
prompted	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
report	O
to	O
Apple	O
(	O
which	O
I	O
promptly	O
did	O
)	O
.	O

The	O
body	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
cheaply	O
made	O
so	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
interesting	O
to	O
see	O
how	O
long	O
it	O
holds	O
up	O
.	O

The	O
i5	B-aspectTerm
blows	O
my	O
desktop	O
out	O
of	O
the	O
water	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
rendering	O
videos	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
mac	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
antivirus	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
or	O
firewall	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
wonderful	O
.	O

Am	O
very	O
glad	O
I	O
bought	O
it	O
,	O
great	O
netbook	O
,	O
low	O
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
team	I-aspectTerm
also	O
assists	O
you	O
very	O
nicely	O
when	O
choosing	O
which	O
computer	O
is	O
right	O
for	O
you	O
:)	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
,	O
yet	O
I	O
know	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
the	O
entire	O
issue	O
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	O
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

The	O
video	B-aspectTerm
chat	I-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
is	O
iffy	O
about	O
it	O
but	O
i	O
m	O
sure	O
once	O
they	O
unpdate	O
the	O
next	O
version	O
on	O
the	O
macbook	O
book	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
of	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
better	O
.	O

That	O
whole	O
experience	O
was	O
just	O
ridiculous	O
we	O
sent	O
it	O
in	O
and	O
after	O
they	O
told	O
us	O
that	O
we	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
$	O
175	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
we	O
were	O
like	O
we	O
will	O
just	O
by	O
a	O
portable	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
which	O
would	O
be	O
way	O
cheaper	O
but	O
they	O
refused	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
laptop	O
back	O
until	O
we	O
paid	O
the	O
$	O
175	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
fixed	O
.	O

Fan	B-aspectTerm
vents	O
to	O
the	O
side	O
,	O
so	O
no	O
cooling	O
pad	O
needed	O
,	O
great	O
feature	O
!	O

i	O
use	O
my	O
mac	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
i	O
love	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
takes	O
a	O
short	O
time	O
to	O
load	O
things	O
,	O
how	O
easy	O
it	O
is	O
to	O
use	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
all	O
how	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
viruses	O
.	O

Wasted	O
me	O
at	O
least	O
8	O
hours	O
of	O
installation	B-aspectTerm
time	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
has	O
far	O
exceeded	O
my	O
expectations	O
for	O
power	B-aspectTerm
,	O
storage	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
abilitiy	B-aspectTerm
.	O

A	O
great	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
spotlight	B-aspectTerm
search	I-aspectTerm
:	O
one	O
can	O
search	O
for	O
documents	O
by	O
simply	O
typing	O
a	O
keyword	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
parsing	O
tens	O
of	O
file	O
folders	O
for	O
a	O
document	O
.	O

My	O
wireless	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
would	O
not	O
recognize	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
get	O
online	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
why	O
.	O

Suffice	O
it	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
keeps	O
me	O
going	O
with	O
its	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
blazing	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
very	O
user	O
friendly	O
,	O
even	O
for	O
those	O
that	O
switch	O
from	O
a	O
PC	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
little	O
practice	O
you	O
can	O
take	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
this	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
!	O

iTunes	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
handy	O
music	O
-	O
management	O
program	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
anyone	O
with	O
an	O
iPod	O
.	O

Mac	O
is	O
not	O
made	O
for	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Well	O
I	O
spilled	O
something	O
on	O
it	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
it	O
with	O
this	O
model	O
,	O
which	O
gets	O
hot	O
and	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
make	O
it	O
through	O
1	O
DVD	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
to	O
set	O
up	O
my	O
new	O
printer	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
wonderful	O
experiences	O
with	O
helpful	O
,	O
english	O
speaking	O
(	O
from	O
Vancouver	O
)	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
walked	O
me	O
through	O
the	O
processes	O
to	O
help	O
me	O
.	O

But	O
Sony	O
said	O
we	O
could	O
send	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
be	O
charged	O
for	O
adding	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
bluetooth	I-aspectTerm
an	O
additional	O
seventy	O
something	O
dollars	O
.	O

I	O
need	O
graphic	B-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
to	O
run	O
my	O
Adobe	B-aspectTerm
Creative	I-aspectTerm
apps	I-aspectTerm
efficiently	O
.	O

the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
are	O
esay	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
are	O
quick	O
to	O
process	O
this	O
computer	O
works	O
like	O
a	O
charm	O
.	O

The	O
materials	B-aspectTerm
that	O
came	O
with	O
the	O
computer	O
did	O
not	O
include	O
the	O
right	O
#	O
anywhere	O
.	O

Tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
tells	O
me	O
the	O
latter	O
problem	O
is	O
a	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
problem	O
and	O
have	O
offered	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
if	O
it	O
happens	O
again	O
.	O

HOW	O
DOES	O
THE	O
POWER	B-aspectTerm
SUPPLY	I-aspectTerm
NOT	O
WORK	O
!	O
!	O
!	O

Sells	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
a	O
netbook	O
without	O
sacrificing	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
upon	O
giving	O
them	O
the	O
serial	O
number	O
the	O
first	O
thing	O
I	O
was	O
told	O
,	O
was	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
could	O
pay	O
to	O
have	O
it	O
repaired	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
SP2	I-aspectTerm
caused	O
many	O
problems	O
on	O
the	O
computer	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
remove	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
reloaded	O
with	O
Windows	O
7	O
Ultimate	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Fingerprint	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
(	O
software	B-aspectTerm
)	O
would	O
not	O
load	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
at	I-aspectTerm
HP	I-aspectTerm
knew	O
what	O
they	O
were	O
doing	O
.	O

this	O
is	O
my	O
second	O
one	O
and	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
,	O
bad	O
video	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
O	O
unreliable	O
overall	O
,	O
this	O
will	O
be	O
my	O
second	O
time	O
returning	O
this	O
laptop	O
back	O
to	O
best	O
buy	O
.	O

With	O
awesome	O
graphics	O
and	O
assuring	O
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
perfect	O
!	O

Laptop	O
was	O
in	O
new	O
condition	O
and	O
operational	O
,	O
but	O
for	O
the	O
audio	B-aspectTerm
problem	O
when	O
1st	O
sent	O
for	O
repair	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
disappointed	O
when	O
I	O
realized	O
that	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
light	O
up	O
on	O
this	O
model	O
.	O

It	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
perfectly	O
.	O

The	O
laptop	O
was	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
Sometimes	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
even	O
goes	O
black	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
.	O

I	O
recommend	O
for	O
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
internet	O
users	O
.	O

Since	O
I	O
've	O
had	O
this	O
computer	O
I	O
've	O
only	O
used	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
because	O
it	O
is	O
so	O
nice	O
and	O
smooth	O
.	O

A	O
longer	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
would	O
have	O
been	O
great	O
-	O
but	O
it	O
meets	O
it	O
's	O
spec	B-aspectTerm
quite	O
easily	O
.	O

Who	O
could	O
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
burner	I-aspectTerm
,	O
80-gigabyte	O
HD	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
chip	I-aspectTerm
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
machines	O
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	O
-	O
quality	O
components	B-aspectTerm
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	O

Its	O
fast	O
and	O
another	O
thing	O
I	O
like	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
three	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
salesman	O
talked	O
us	O
into	O
this	O
computer	O
away	O
from	O
another	O
we	O
were	O
looking	O
at	O
and	O
we	O
have	O
had	O
nothing	O
but	O
problems	O
with	O
software	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
and	O
just	O
not	O
happy	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

That	O
system	B-aspectTerm
is	O
fixed	O
.	O

Like	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
operation	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
brand	B-aspectTerm
is	O
tarnished	O
in	O
my	O
heart	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	O
and	O
isolation	O
between	O
the	O
components	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
with	O
a	O
ground	B-aspectTerm
loop	I-aspectTerm
isolator	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	O
better	O
product	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
for	O
this	O
price	B-aspectTerm
range	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
about	O
a	O
1	O
1/2	O
and	O
yes	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
an	O
issue	O
with	O
it	O
one	O
month	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Once	O
open	O
,	O
the	O
leading	B-aspectTerm
edge	I-aspectTerm
is	O
razor	O
sharp	O
.	O

Loaded	O
with	O
bloatware	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Maximum	B-aspectTerm
sound	I-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
nearly	O
as	O
loud	O
as	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
.	O

I	O
loaded	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
via	O
Bootcamp	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
works	O
flawlessly	O
!	O

Great	O
Laptop	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
works	B-aspectTerm
well	O
with	O
action	B-aspectTerm
pack	I-aspectTerm
games	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Although	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
higher	O
then	O
Dell	O
laptops	O
,	O
the	O
Macbooks	O
are	O
worth	O
the	O
dough	O
.	O

I	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	O
this	O
to	O
anyone	O
wanting	O
a	O
notebook	O
expecting	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
Desktop	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
meet	O
the	O
expectations	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
arrived	O
in	O
a	O
nice	O
twin	B-aspectTerm
packing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
sealed	O
in	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
functions	B-aspectTerm
works	O
great	O
.	O

So	O
what	O
if	O
the	O
laptops	O
/	O
mobile	O
phones	O
look	B-aspectTerm
chic	O
and	O
cool	O
?	O
The	O
after	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
is	O
terrible	O
.	O

I	O
hate	O
the	O
display	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
have	O
done	O
everything	O
I	O
could	O
do	O
the	O
change	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
like	O
the	O
acer	B-aspectTerm
arcade	I-aspectTerm
but	O
these	O
were	O
reallythe	O
only	O
two	O
things	O
I	O
liked	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	O
.	O

Have	O
not	O
yet	O
needed	O
any	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
with	O
this	O
yet	O
so	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
thing	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
leaps	O
and	O
bounds	O
ahead	O
of	O
PC	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
.	O

I	O
gave	O
it	O
to	O
my	O
daughter	O
because	O
I	O
just	O
hated	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
hated	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
no	O
cd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
to	O
at	O
least	O
play	O
cd	O
's	O
when	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
and	O
do	O
schoolwork	O
.	O

It	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
very	O
quiet	O
too	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
plus	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
heavy	O
,	O
bulky	O
,	O
and	O
hard	O
to	O
carry	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
games	B-aspectTerm
included	O
are	O
very	O
good	O
games	B-aspectTerm
.	O

this	O
computer	O
will	O
last	O
you	O
at	O
least	O
7	O
years	O
,	O
that	O
s	O
an	O
amazing	O
life	B-aspectTerm
spanned	O
an	O
electronic	O
.	O

Sometimes	O
you	O
really	O
have	O
to	O
tap	O
the	O
pad	B-aspectTerm
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
worki	O

It	O
's	O
super	O
fast	O
and	O
a	O
great	O
value	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Three	O
,	O
the	O
mac	O
book	O
has	O
advantages	O
over	O
pcs	O
'	O
with	O
linux	B-aspectTerm
based	I-aspectTerm
os	I-aspectTerm
there	O
is	O
very	O
'	O
few	O
problems	O
with	O
system	B-aspectTerm
performance	I-aspectTerm
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

A	O
mac	O
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
simply	O
makes	O
sense	O
.	O

however	O
,	O
I	O
may	O
have	O
inadvertently	O
thrown	O
out	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
batteries	B-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
carton	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm

There	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
open	O
a	O
program	B-aspectTerm
first	O
and	O
the	O
cliick	O
open	O
or	O
import	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
nice	O
not	O
to	O
worry	O
about	O
that	O
and	O
the	O
extra	O
expense	O
that	O
comes	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
necessary	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
on	O
PC	O
's	O
.	O

Three	O
weeks	O
after	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
netbook	O
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
quit	O
working	O
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	B-aspectTerm
16	I-aspectTerm
functions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
routed	O
through	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
something	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
new	O
Intel	B-aspectTerm
Core	I-aspectTerm
processors	I-aspectTerm
and	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
so	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
hook	O
it	O
up	O
directly	O
to	O
our	O
TV	O
.	O

The	O
Apple	O
will	O
run	O
Internet	B-aspectTerm
Explorer	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
at	O
an	O
amazingly	O
slow	O
rate	O
.	O

With	O
today	O
's	O
company	O
fighting	O
over	O
marketshare	O
,	O
its	O
a	O
shame	O
that	O
ASUS	O
can	O
get	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
inept	O
staff	B-aspectTerm
answering	O
thephone	O
.	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
premium	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
little	O
much	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
you	O
start	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
it	O
is	O
worth	O
the	O
added	O
cash	O
.	O

Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
word	I-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
on	O
it	O
andI	O
had	O
to	O
buy	O
it	O
seperately	O
.	O

it	O
has	O
3	O
usb	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
,	O
1	O
sd	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
and	O
an	O
sd	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
car	I-aspectTerm
expansion	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
connect	O
a	O
LaCie	B-aspectTerm
2Big	I-aspectTerm
external	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
via	O
the	O
firewire	B-aspectTerm
800	I-aspectTerm
interface	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
useful	O
for	O
Time	B-aspectTerm
Machine	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
Toshiba	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
on	O
everything	O
,	O
just	O
certain	O
things	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
overall	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
my	O
toshiba	O
satellite	O
,	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
extra	B-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
home	I-aspectTerm
premium	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Aspire	O
wo	O
nt	O
even	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
past	O
the	O
Acer	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
with	O
a	O
Droid	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
both	O
Motorola	O
and	O
HTC	O
)	O
plugged	O
into	O
the	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
was	O
shorter	O
than	O
expected	O
.	O

It	O
fires	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
morning	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
30	O
seconds	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
any	O
issues	O
with	O
it	O
freezing	O
.	O

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
top	O
notch	O
.	O

It	O
drives	O
me	O
crazy	O
when	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
download	O
a	O
game	O
or	O
something	O
of	O
that	O
nature	O
and	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
play	O
it	O
because	O
its	O
not	O
compatable	O
with	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
online	B-aspectTerm
tutorial	I-aspectTerm
videos	I-aspectTerm
make	O
it	O
super	O
easy	O
to	O
learn	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
always	O
used	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

The	O
image	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
soud	B-aspectTerm
is	O
excelent	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
more	O
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
or	O
shut	B-aspectTerm
down	I-aspectTerm
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	O
associated	O
with	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
just	O
pick	O
up	O
and	O
use--	B-aspectTerm
It	O
did	O
not	O
take	O
long	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
money	O
it	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Very	O
good	O
investment	O
.	O

Upgrading	O
from	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
,	O
thru	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Home	I-aspectTerm
Premium	I-aspectTerm
,	O
to	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Professional	I-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
snap	O
;	O

My	O
kids	O
(	O
and	O
dogs	O
)	O
destroyed	O
two	O
power	B-aspectTerm
cords	I-aspectTerm
by	O
pulling	O
on	O
them	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
upgraded	O
my	O
old	O
MacBook	O
to	O
Lion	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
kind	O
of	O
knew	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
getting	O
,	O
but	O
had	O
n't	O
been	O
able	O
to	O
enjoy	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
awesome	O
new	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
little	O
glary	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
hated	O
the	O
clicking	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
got	O
used	O
to	O
them	O
.	O

not	O
using	O
wired	B-aspectTerm
lan	I-aspectTerm
not	O
sure	O
what	O
that	O
s	O
about	O
.	O

The	O
macbook	O
rarely	O
requires	O
a	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
reboot	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Now	O
for	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
.	O

Anyways	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
two	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
when	O
I	O
first	O
brought	O
it	O
home	O
it	O
kept	O
giving	O
me	O
a	O
message	O
about	O
a	O
vibration	O
in	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
is	O
putting	O
it	O
temporaly	O
in	O
save	O
zone	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
and	O
has	O
excellent	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Features	B-aspectTerm
like	O
the	O
font	B-aspectTerm
are	O
very	O
block	O
-	O
like	O
and	O
old	O
school	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
loaded	O
with	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
is	O
of	O
no	O
good	O
for	O
the	O
average	O
user	O
,	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
run	B-aspectTerm
way	O
to	O
slow	O
.	O

I	O
feel	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
poorly	O
put	O
together	O
,	O
because	O
once	O
in	O
a	O
while	O
different	O
plastic	B-aspectTerm
Â	I-aspectTerm
pieces	I-aspectTerm
Â	O
would	O
come	O
off	O
of	O
it	O
.	O

Finally	O
,	O
I	O
should	O
note	O
that	O
I	O
took	O
the	O
2	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
stick	I-aspectTerm
from	O
my	O
old	O
EeePC	O
and	O
installed	O
it	O
before	O
I	O
even	O
powered	O
on	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
rather	O
unsteady	O
on	O
its	O
feet	O
and	O
is	O
susceptible	O
to	O
many	O
bugs	O
.	O

After	O
sending	O
out	O
documents	O
via	O
email	O
and	O
having	O
recipients	O
tell	O
me	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
open	O
the	O
documents	O
or	O
they	O
came	O
through	O
as	O
gibberish	O
,	O
I	O
broke	O
down	O
and	O
spent	O
another	O
$	O
100	O
to	O
get	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Word	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/Laptop-reviews/trigger_20.txt
================================================
I	O
charge	T-1
it	T-1
at	O
night	O
and	O
skip	T-0
taking	T-0
the	T-0
cord	B-aspectTerm
with	O
me	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
good	O
battery	O
life	O
.	O

I	O
charge	T-0
it	O
at	O
night	O
and	O
skip	O
taking	O
the	O
cord	T-1
with	O
me	O
because	T-2
of	O
the	O
good	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
guy	I-aspectTerm
then	O
said	O
the	O
service	T-1
center	T-1
does	O
not	O
do	O
1-to-1	O
exchange	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
direct	O
my	O
concern	O
to	O
the	O
"	O
sales	T-0
"	O
team	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
retail	T-2
shop	T-2
which	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
netbook	T-3
from	O
.	O

The	O
tech	T-0
guy	T-0
then	O
said	O
the	O
service	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
does	O
not	O
do	O
1-to-1	O
exchange	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
direct	O
my	O
concern	O
to	O
the	O
"	O
sales	O
"	O
team	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
retail	O
shop	O
which	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
netbook	O
from	O
.	O

The	O
tech	T-0
guy	T-0
then	O
said	O
the	O
service	T-1
center	T-1
does	O
not	O
do	O
1-to-1	O
exchange	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
direct	O
my	O
concern	O
to	O
the	O
"	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
team	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
retail	T-2
shop	T-2
which	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
netbook	O
from	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
,	O
has	O
a	O
killer	O
GUI	T-0
,	O
is	O
extremely	O
stable	T-1
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	O
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	O
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	O
,	O
has	T-0
a	T-0
killer	T-0
GUI	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
extremely	O
stable	T-1
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	O
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	O
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	T-0
,	O
has	O
a	O
killer	O
GUI	T-1
,	O
is	O
extremely	T-3
stable	O
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	T-2
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
killer	O
GUI	T-0
,	O
is	O
extremely	O
stable	O
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	T-1
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	O
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
features	B-aspectTerm
that	T-1
it	T-1
offers	T-1
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	T-2
,	O
Photobooth	T-3
,	O
garage	O
band	O
and	O
more	O
!	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
features	O
that	O
it	O
offers	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Photobooth	T-0
,	O
garage	T-1
band	T-2
and	O
more	O
!	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
features	T-0
that	O
it	O
offers	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	T-1
,	O
Photobooth	B-aspectTerm
,	O
garage	T-2
band	T-2
and	O
more	O
!	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
features	O
that	O
it	T-0
offers	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	O
,	O
Photobooth	O
,	O
garage	B-aspectTerm
band	I-aspectTerm
and	O
more	O
!	O

Great	O
laptop	T-1
that	O
offers	T-0
many	T-0
great	T-0
features	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	B-aspectTerm
,	O
screen	O
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	O
light	O
steady	O
,	O
hard	O
drive	O
light	O
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	T-1

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	O
,	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	O
light	O
steady	O
,	O
hard	O
drive	O
light	O
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	T-1

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	O
,	O
screen	O
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	B-aspectTerm
light	I-aspectTerm
steady	O
,	O
hard	O
drive	O
light	O
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	T-1

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	O
,	O
screen	O
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	O
light	O
steady	O
,	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
light	I-aspectTerm
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	T-1

I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
an	O
Asus	T-0
and	O
same	O
thing-	O
blue	O
screen	O
which	O
required	O
me	O
to	O
remove	T-1
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
to	O
reset	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
shop	O
,	O
these	O
MacBooks	T-1
are	O
encased	O
in	O
a	O
soft	T-0
rubber	B-aspectTerm
enclosure	I-aspectTerm
-	O
so	O
you	O
will	O
never	O
know	O
about	O
the	O
razor	T-2
edge	T-2
until	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
,	O
get	O
it	O
home	O
,	O
break	O
the	O
seal	O
and	O
use	O
it	O
(	O
very	O
clever	O
con	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
shop	O
,	O
these	O
MacBooks	T-1
are	O
encased	T-2
in	O
a	O
soft	O
rubber	T-3
enclosure	T-3
-	O
so	O
you	O
will	O
never	O
know	O
about	O
the	O
razor	T-0
edge	B-aspectTerm
until	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
,	O
get	O
it	O
home	O
,	O
break	O
the	O
seal	O
and	O
use	O
it	O
(	O
very	O
clever	O
con	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
gestures	I-aspectTerm
and	O
large	O
tracking	T-0
area	O
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	O
mouse	O
unnecessary	O
(	O
unless	O
you	O
're	O
gaming	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	T-1
-	T-1
touch	T-1
gestures	O
and	O
large	O
tracking	B-aspectTerm
area	I-aspectTerm
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	T-0
mouse	O
unnecessary	O
(	O
unless	O
you	O
're	O
gaming	T-2
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	T-0
-	T-0
touch	T-0
gestures	O
and	O
large	O
tracking	T-1
area	T-1
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
unnecessary	T-3
(	O
unless	O
you	O
're	O
gaming	T-2
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	O
-	O
touch	O
gestures	O
and	O
large	O
tracking	O
area	O
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	T-1
mouse	O
unnecessary	O
(	O
unless	T-0
you	T-0
're	T-0
gaming	B-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
way	O
the	O
entire	O
suite	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
works	O
together	T-0
.	O

The	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
is	O
incredible	T-1
and	O
I	O
am	O
more	O
than	O
satisfied	T-0
.	O

This	O
laptop	T-1
meets	O
every	O
expectation	O
and	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
is	T-0
great	T-0
!	O

I	O
can	O
barely	O
use	T-1
any	O
usb	B-aspectTerm
devices	I-aspectTerm
because	O
they	O
will	O
not	O
stay	O
connected	T-0
properly	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
finally	O
had	O
everything	O
running	T-0
with	O
all	O
my	O
software	B-aspectTerm
installed	O
I	O
plugged	T-1
in	T-1
my	O
droid	T-2
to	O
recharge	O
and	O
the	O
system	T-3
crashed	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
finally	O
had	O
everything	O
running	O
with	O
all	O
my	O
software	O
installed	T-0
I	O
plugged	T-1
in	O
my	O
droid	T-3
to	T-2
recharge	T-4
and	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
crashed	O
.	O

One	O
suggestion	O
I	O
do	O
have	O
,	O
is	O
to	O
not	T-0
bother	T-0
getting	T-0
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
mac	I-aspectTerm
expecting	O
it	O
will	O
work	T-1
just	O
like	O
you	O
knew	O
it	O
to	O
on	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

Pairing	T-0
it	O
with	O
an	O
iPhone	T-1
is	O
a	O
pure	O
pleasure	O
-	O
talk	O
about	O
painless	O
syncing	B-aspectTerm
-	O
used	O
to	O
take	O
me	O
forever	O
-	O
now	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
snap	T-2
.	O

I	O
also	O
got	O
the	O
added	O
bonus	T-1
of	O
a	O
30	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
HD	I-aspectTerm
Monitor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
really	T-0
helps	T-0
to	T-0
extend	O
my	O
screen	O
and	O
keep	O
my	O
eyes	O
fresh	O
!	O

I	O
also	O
got	O
the	O
added	O
bonus	O
of	O
a	O
30	O
"	O
HD	T-1
Monitor	T-1
,	O
which	O
really	O
helps	O
to	O
extend	T-0
my	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
keep	O
my	O
eyes	O
fresh	O
!	O

The	O
machine	T-0
is	O
slow	O
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
and	O
occasionally	O
crashes	O
completely	O
.	O

After	O
paying	T-1
several	O
hundred	O
dollars	O
for	O
this	O
service	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
is	O
frustrating	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
not	O
get	T-0
help	T-0
after	O
hours	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
have	O
to	O
replace	T-1
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
once	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
was	O
only	O
a	O
couple	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
it	T-0
's	T-0
been	T-0
working	T-0
perfect	T-0
ever	T-0
since	T-0
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
preloaded	T-0
software	T-1
.	T-1

I	O
love	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
and	O
the	O
preloaded	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	T-0

The	O
best	O
thing	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	T-0
is	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
along	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
newer	O
features	O
.	T-1

The	O
best	O
thing	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
the	O
price	O
along	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
newer	T-0
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
numerous	O
attempts	O
of	O
trying	T-1
(	O
including	O
setting	T-0
the	O
clock	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
BIOS	I-aspectTerm
setup	I-aspectTerm
directly	O
)	O
,	O
I	O
gave	O
up(I	O
am	O
a	O
techie	O
)	O
.	O

YOU	O
WILL	O
NOT	O
BE	O
ABLE	O
TO	O
TALK	O
TO	O
AN	O
AMERICAN	T-0
WARRANTY	B-aspectTerm
SERVICE	I-aspectTerm
IS	O
OUT	O
OF	O
COUNTRY	O
.	O

but	O
now	O
i	O
have	O
realized	O
its	O
a	O
problem	T-0
with	T-0
this	O
brand	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Toshiba	T-0
twice	O
they	O
covered	T-1
it	O
under	T-3
the	O
O	T-2
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
kinda	T-2
loud	T-1
when	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
was	T-0
running	T-0
.	O

In	O
desparation	O
,	O
I	O
called	O
their	O
Customer	B-aspectTerm
Service	I-aspectTerm
number	I-aspectTerm
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
my	O
warranty	T-1
had	O
expired	T-0
(	O
2	O
days	O
old	O
)	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
priviledge	O
of	O
talking	O
to	O
a	O
technician	O
would	O
cost	O
me	O
(	O
"	O
have	O
your	O
credit	O
card	O
ready	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
desparation	O
,	O
I	O
called	O
their	O
Customer	T-1
Service	T-1
number	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
my	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
had	T-2
expired	T-2
(	O
2	O
days	O
old	O
)	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
priviledge	O
of	O
talking	O
to	O
a	O
technician	T-0
would	O
cost	O
me	O
(	O
"	O
have	O
your	O
credit	O
card	O
ready	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
desparation	O
,	O
I	O
called	T-0
their	O
Customer	O
Service	O
number	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
my	O
warranty	T-2
had	O
expired	O
(	O
2	O
days	O
old	O
)	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
priviledge	T-3
of	T-3
talking	B-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
a	I-aspectTerm
technician	I-aspectTerm
would	T-1
cost	T-1
me	T-1
(	O
"	O
have	O
your	O
credit	O
card	O
ready	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
as	O
certain	O
times	O
windows	T-0
loads	O
but	O
claims	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
any	O
drivers	T-1
or	O
files	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
hard	O
disc	O
as	O
certain	O
times	T-1
windows	B-aspectTerm
loads	T-0
but	O
claims	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
any	O
drivers	O
or	O
files	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
hard	O
disc	T-2
as	O
certain	O
times	O
windows	T-0
loads	O
but	O
claims	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	T-1
any	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
or	O
files	T-3
.	O

Drivers	B-aspectTerm
updated	T-0
ok	O
but	O
the	O
BIOS	T-1
update	O
froze	O
the	O
system	O
up	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
shut	O
down	O
.	O

Drivers	O
updated	T-1
ok	O
but	O
the	O
BIOS	B-aspectTerm
update	I-aspectTerm
froze	T-2
the	T-2
system	T-2
up	T-2
and	O
the	O
computer	T-0
shut	T-3
down	T-3
.	O

Drivers	O
updated	O
ok	O
but	O
the	O
BIOS	O
update	O
froze	T-0
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
up	T-1
and	O
the	O
computer	O
shut	O
down	O
.	O

Spent	T-0
2	O
hours	O
on	T-2
phone	T-2
with	T-2
HP	B-aspectTerm
Technical	I-aspectTerm
Support	I-aspectTerm
.	T-1

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
too	O
slick	T-0
.	O

Nightly	O
my	O
computer	O
defrags	T-1
itself	O
and	O
runs	O
a	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
scan	I-aspectTerm
.	T-0

It	O
's	O
like	O
9	B-aspectTerm
punds	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
look	T-0
past	T-2
it	T-1
,	O
it	O
's	O
GREAT	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
just	O
as	O
fast	T-1
with	O
one	O
program	B-aspectTerm
open	T-0
as	O
it	O
is	O
with	O
sixteen	O
open	O
.	O

Still	O
under	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
so	O
called	O
Toshiba	T-1
,	O
no	O
help	T-0
at	O
all	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
happy	O
with	O
My	O
purchase	O
of	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
Satellite	O
L305D	O
-	O
S5934	O
laptop	O
until	O
it	O
came	O
time	O
to	O
have	O
it	O
repaired	T-0
under	O
the	O
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
Warranty	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Amazing	T-0
Quality	B-aspectTerm
!	O

The	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
spend	O
over	O
$	O
100	O
on	O
just	O
a	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
underscores	T-0
the	O
value	O
of	O
this	O
machine	O
.	O

The	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
spend	O
over	O
$	O
100	O
on	O
just	T-0
a	O
webcam	T-1
underscores	O
the	O
value	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
machine	T-2
.	O

I	O
mainly	O
use	T-1
it	T-1
for	T-1
email	O
,	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
managing	T-0
personal	O
files	O
(	O
pics	O
,	O
vids	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
mainly	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
email	O
,	O
internet	O
,	O
and	O
managing	B-aspectTerm
personal	I-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
(	O
pics	T-0
,	T-0
vids	T-0
,	T-0
etc	T-0
.	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
month	T-0
or	O
so	O
ago	O
,	O
the	O
freaking	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
just	O
died	T-1
.	O

The	O
system	B-aspectTerm
it	O
comes	O
with	O
does	O
not	O
work	O
properly	T-0
,	O
so	O
when	O
trying	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
it	O
started	O
not	O
working	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Then	O
after	O
4	O
or	O
so	O
months	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	T-0
so	O
I	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
buy	O
new	O
hardware	T-1
just	O
to	O
keep	O
this	O
computer	T-2
running	O
.	O

Then	O
after	O
4	O
or	O
so	O
months	O
the	O
charger	T-0
stopped	O
working	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
buy	O
new	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
just	O
to	O
keep	T-1
this	T-1
computer	T-1
running	T-1
.	O

If	O
a	O
website	O
ever	O
freezes	T-1
(	O
which	O
is	O
rare	O
)	O
,	O
its	O
really	O
easy	T-0
to	T-0
force	B-aspectTerm
quit	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	T-1
rarely	T-1
works	B-aspectTerm
and	O
when	O
it	O
does	O
it	O
's	O
incredibly	T-0
slow	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
enjoy	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
my	O
MacBook	T-0
Pro	O
laptop	O
allows	O
me	O
to	O
run	T-1
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
VMWare	O
program	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
enjoy	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
my	O
MacBook	T-2
Pro	O
laptop	O
allows	O
me	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	T-0
7	T-0
on	O
it	O
by	O
using	T-1
the	T-1
VMWare	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	T-1
to	T-1
navigate	B-aspectTerm
through	T-0
the	O
operating	O
system	O
,	O
to	O
find	O
files	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	O
a	O
lot	O
faster	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
navigate	T-1
through	T-1
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
,	O
to	O
find	O
files	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	O
a	O
lot	O
faster	O
!	T-0

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
navigate	T-0
through	O
the	O
operating	T-1
system	T-1
,	O
to	O
find	B-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	O
a	O
lot	O
faster	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	T-1
to	O
navigate	T-2
through	O
the	O
operating	T-3
system	O
,	O
to	O
find	O
files	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
a	T-0
lot	T-0
faster	T-0
!	T-0

Purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	T-0
Lap	T-1
top	T-1
it	O
worked	O
good	O
until	O
just	O
after	T-2
the	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
to	O
purchase	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
and	O
they	O
refused	T-1
,	O
because	O
they	O
knew	O
it	O
was	O
trouble	T-0
.	O

We	O
upgraded	O
the	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
to	O
four	O
gigabytes	T-0
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
performace	O
increase	O
in	O
speed	O
.	T-1

We	O
upgraded	T-0
the	O
memory	O
to	O
four	O
gigabytes	T-1
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
performace	B-aspectTerm
increase	O
in	O
speed	O
.	O

We	O
upgraded	T-0
the	O
memory	T-2
to	O
four	O
gigabytes	T-1
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
performace	T-3
increase	O
in	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
reality	O
was	O
,	O
it	O
heated	T-1
up	T-1
very	O
quickly	O
,	O
and	O
took	O
way	O
too	O
long	T-0
to	O
do	O
simple	O
things	O
,	O
like	O
opening	B-aspectTerm
my	I-aspectTerm
Documents	I-aspectTerm
folder	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
always	O
used	O
PCs	O
and	O
been	O
constantly	O
frustrated	O
by	O
the	O
crashing	T-1
and	O
the	O
poorly	T-2
designed	T-2
operating	B-aspectTerm
systems	I-aspectTerm
that	T-0
were	T-0
never	T-0
very	T-0
intuitive	T-0
.	O

Then	O
,	O
within	O
5	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
crapped	T-0
out	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
iphone	O
or	O
ipod	O
touch	O
you	O
can	O
connect	O
and	O
download	T-0
songs	O
to	O
it	O
at	O
high	T-1
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	T-0
love	T-0
the	T-0
glass	B-aspectTerm
touchpad	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	T-0
I	O
continued	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
computer	O
in	O
AGAIN	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
mother	O
board	O
yet	O
again	O
.	T-0

Â	T-0
I	O
continued	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
computer	O
in	O
AGAIN	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
hard	O
drive	O
and	O
mother	B-aspectTerm
board	I-aspectTerm
yet	O
again	O
.	T-0

I	T-0
am	T-0
using	T-0
the	T-0
external	B-aspectTerm
speaker-	I-aspectTerm
sound	T-1
is	O
good	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
using	O
the	O
external	T-0
speaker-	T-1
sound	B-aspectTerm
is	O
good	T-2
.	T-1

still	O
testing	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
as	O
i	O
thought	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
better	O
,	O
but	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
upgrade	T-0
.	O

Then	O
HP	O
sends	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
me	O
with	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
screwed	T-0
up	T-0
,	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
connect	T-1
.	O

Oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
forget	O
the	O
expensive	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
to	O
and	O
from	O
HP	T-0
.	O

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	T-1
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Mac	O
software	O
is	O
just	O
so	O
much	O
simpler	T-0
than	O
Microsoft	O
software	O
.	O

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
is	T-1
just	T-1
so	T-1
much	T-1
simpler	T-1
than	T-1
Microsoft	T-1
software	T-1
.	T-0

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	O
to	O
use	T-0
,	O
Mac	T-1
software	T-2
is	O
just	O
so	O
much	O
simpler	T-3
than	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
writing	O
,	O
editing	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
problem	T-0
since	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
O	O
forward	O
delete	O
I-aspectTerm	O
key	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
writing	O
,	O
editing	T-1
is	O
a	O
problem	O
since	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
O	T-0
forward	T-0
delete	B-aspectTerm
I-aspectTerm	I-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Its	T-0
ease	T-0
of	T-0
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
top	T-1
service	O
from	O
Apple-	O
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	O
assistance	O
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	O
bar-	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	O

Its	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
and	O
the	O
top	O
service	B-aspectTerm
from	O
Apple-	T-0
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	O
assistance	O
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	O
bar-	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	T-0

Its	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
and	O
the	O
top	T-1
service	T-1
from	O
Apple-	O
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	B-aspectTerm
assistance	I-aspectTerm
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	O
bar-	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	T-0

Its	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
and	O
the	O
top	O
service	O
from	O
Apple-	T-0
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	T-1
assistance	O
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	B-aspectTerm
bar-	I-aspectTerm
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	T-0

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	T-0
browsing	T-0
and	T-0
word	T-0
editing	T-0
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	T-1
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	O
and	O
movie	O
playing	O
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	O
life	O
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-1
life	T-1
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
word	T-0
editing	T-0
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	O
and	O
movie	O
playing	O
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	O
life	O
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-0
life	O
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	O
browsing	O
and	O
word	B-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	T-1
and	T-1
movie	T-1
playing	T-1
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	O
life	O
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-3
life	T-3
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	T-1
browsing	T-1
and	O
word	T-2
editing	T-2
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
and	O
movie	O
playing	O
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	T-0
life	T-0
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-1
life	O
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	O
browsing	O
and	O
word	O
editing	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	T-2
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	T-3
and	O
movie	B-aspectTerm
playing	I-aspectTerm
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	T-0
life	T-0
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-2
life	O
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	O
browsing	T-3
and	O
word	O
editing	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	T-0
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	T-1
and	O
movie	O
playing	O
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

Acer	O
has	O
set	O
me	O
up	O
with	O
FREE	T-1
recovery	B-aspectTerm
discs	I-aspectTerm
,	O
when	T-0
they	T-0
are	T-0
available	T-0
since	O
I	O
asked	T-2
.	O

I	O
also	O
purchased	T-1
Office	B-aspectTerm
Max	I-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
Max	I-aspectTerm
Assurance	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
"	O
no	T-2
lemon	T-2
"	O
clause	T-3
.	T-0

I	O
eventually	O
did	T-2
the	T-2
migration	T-2
from	O
my	O
iMac	B-aspectTerm
backup	I-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
which	T-3
uses	T-3
USB	T-3
.	T-0

I	O
eventually	O
did	O
the	O
migration	T-0
from	O
my	O
iMac	T-1
backup	T-2
disc	T-3
which	T-3
uses	T-3
USB	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
good	T-0
,	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
no	O
issues	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

Enabling	T-0
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
timer	I-aspectTerm
is	O
useless	T-1
.	O

Temperatures	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
outside	T-1
were	O
alright	O
but	O
i	O
did	O
not	O
track	O
in	O
Core	O
Processing	O
Unit	O
temperatures	T-0
.	O

Temperatures	O
on	O
the	O
outside	O
were	O
alright	O
but	O
i	O
did	O
not	O
track	T-1
in	T-1
Core	B-aspectTerm
Processing	I-aspectTerm
Unit	I-aspectTerm
temperatures	I-aspectTerm
.	T-0

Going	O
to	O
bring	O
it	O
to	O
service	B-aspectTerm
today	O
.	T-0

There	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
purchase	T-1
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
saves	T-0
me	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
and	O
money	O
.	O

But	O
we	O
had	O
paid	T-1
for	O
bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
there	O
was	O
none	T-2
.	T-0

So	O
,	O
I	O
paid	T-0
a	O
visit	O
to	O
LG	B-aspectTerm
notebook	I-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
at	O
Alexandra	O
Road	O
,	O
hoping	O
they	O
can	O
make	O
the	O
hinge	T-1
tighter	T-1
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
paid	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
LG	O
notebook	T-0
service	T-0
center	T-0
at	O
Alexandra	O
Road	O
,	O
hoping	O
they	O
can	O
make	O
the	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
tighter	T-1
.	O

It	O
is	O
always	O
reliable	T-0
,	O
never	T-1
bugged	T-2
and	O
responds	B-aspectTerm
well	O
.	O

After	O
about	O
a	O
week	O
I	O
finally	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
had	O
failed	T-0
and	O
so	O
they	O
installed	T-1
a	O
new	O
motherboard	T-2
.	O

After	O
about	O
a	O
week	O
I	O
finally	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
the	O
motherboard	T-0
had	O
failed	T-2
and	O
so	O
they	O
installed	T-1
a	O
new	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

they	O
had	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
in	O
April	T-0

Yes	O
,	O
the	O
computer	O
was	O
light	O
weight	O
,	O
less	O
expensive	O
than	O
the	O
average	T-1
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
pretty	T-0
self	O
explantory	O
in	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
a	O
representive	B-aspectTerm
at	I-aspectTerm
Microsoft	I-aspectTerm
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
charge	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
believe	T-0
is	O
robbery	O
,	O
since	O
you	O
are	O
charged	O
enormous	O
amounts	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
badly	O
designed	T-1
system	O
,	O
which	O
most	O
people	O
would	O
have	O
went	O
with	O
XP	O
if	O
they	O
could	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
a	O
representive	O
at	O
Microsoft	T-0
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
charge	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
believe	O
is	O
robbery	O
,	O
since	O
you	O
are	O
charged	T-1
enormous	T-1
amounts	T-1
for	O
a	O
very	O
badly	O
designed	T-2
system	B-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
most	O
people	O
would	O
have	O
went	O
with	O
XP	O
if	O
they	O
could	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
a	O
representive	O
at	O
Microsoft	T-0
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
charge	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
believe	O
is	O
robbery	O
,	O
since	O
you	O
are	O
charged	O
enormous	O
amounts	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
badly	O
designed	O
system	T-1
,	O
which	O
most	O
people	O
would	O
have	O
went	O
with	O
XP	B-aspectTerm
if	O
they	O
could	O
.	O

I	O
love	T-1
WIndows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
which	T-0
is	O
a	O
vast	O
improvment	T-2
over	O
Vista	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
WIndows	O
7	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
vast	T-1
improvment	T-1
over	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	T-0

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
very	O
quiet	T-0
for	O
all	O
the	O
typing	T-1
that	O
I	O
do	O
.	O

Dell	B-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
customer	I-aspectTerm
disservice	I-aspectTerm
is	O
an	O
insult	O
to	O
it	O
's	O
customers	T-1
who	O
pay	O
good	O
money	O
for	O
shoddy	T-0
products	T-2
.	O

It	O
had	O
a	O
cooling	T-0
system	O
malfunction	T-1
after	O
10	O
minutes	O
of	O
general	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
move	O
past	O
this	O
error	T-2
.	O

I	O
can	O
render	O
AVCHD	O
movies	O
with	O
little	T-0
effort	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
problem	O
for	O
most	O
pc	O
's	O
unless	O
you	O
had	O
a	O
quad	B-aspectTerm
core	I-aspectTerm
I7	I-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
talking	T-0
it	T-0
over	T-0
with	O
the	O
very	O
knowledgeable	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
associate	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
chose	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
over	O
the	O
white	O
MacBook	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
really	O
want	O
a	O
bang	O
-	O
up	O
system	B-aspectTerm
and	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	T-0
applications	T-1
,	O
go	O
with	O
an	O
Apple	T-2
;	O

If	O
you	O
really	O
want	O
a	O
bang	O
-	O
up	O
system	O
and	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
run	T-0
Windows	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
,	O
go	O
with	O
an	O
Apple	O
;	O

You	O
wo	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
spend	O
gobs	O
of	O
money	O
on	O
some	O
inefficient	T-2
virus	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
that	O
needs	T-3
to	T-3
be	T-3
updated	T-3
every	O
month	O
and	O
that	O
constantly	O
drains	T-1
your	O
wallet	O
.	O

It	T-1
weighed	B-aspectTerm
like	O
seven	O
pounds	O
or	O
something	T-0
like	O
that	O
.	O

It	O
weighed	T-0
like	O
seven	B-aspectTerm
pounds	I-aspectTerm
or	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
.	O

You	O
may	O
need	T-1
to	O
special	T-0
order	O
a	O
bag	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
color	B-aspectTerm
is	T-1
even	T-0
cool	T-2
.	O

keys	B-aspectTerm
are	O
all	O
in	O
weird	T-0
places	T-0
and	O
is	O
way	O
too	O
large	T-1
for	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
is	O
designed	T-2
.	O

keys	O
are	O
all	O
in	O
weird	O
places	O
and	O
is	O
way	O
too	O
large	T-1
for	O
the	O
way	T-0
it	T-0
is	T-0
designed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
a	O
Mac	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
money	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
laptop	O
out	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
comparison	T-0
in	O
style	B-aspectTerm
,	O
speed	O
and	O
just	O
cool	O
factor	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
a	O
Mac	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
money	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
laptop	O
out	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
comparison	T-0
in	O
style	O
,	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
and	O
just	O
cool	O
factor	O
.	O

The	T-0
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
feels	O
good	O
and	O
I	O
type	T-1
just	T-1
fine	T-1
on	T-1
it	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
the	O
white	O
Mac	O
computers	O
looked	T-0
dirty	O
too	O
quicly	O
where	O
you	O
use	O
the	O
mousepad	B-aspectTerm
and	O
where	O
you	O
place	O
your	O
hands	O
when	O
typing	O
.	O

And	O
not	O
to	O
mention	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
or	O
so	O
,	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
will	O
slowly	O
less	O
and	O
less	O
hold	O
a	O
charge	O
until	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
leave	O
it	O
unplugged	T-0
for	O
more	O
than	O
5	O
minutes	T-2
without	O
the	O
thing	O
dying	T-1
.	O

BEST	O
BUY	O
-	O
5	O
STARS	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
(	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
,	O
service	O
,	O
respect	O
for	O
old	O
men	O
who	O
are	O
n't	O
familiar	T-0
with	O
the	O
technology	O
)	O
DELL	O
COMPUTERS	T-1
-	O
3	O
stars	O
DELL	O
SUPPORT	T-2
-	O
owes	O
a	O
me	O
a	O
couple	O

BEST	O
BUY	O
-	O
5	O
STARS	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
(	O
sales	O
,	O
service	B-aspectTerm
,	O
respect	T-0
for	O
old	O
men	O
who	O
are	O
n't	O
familiar	O
with	O
the	O
technology	O
)	O
DELL	O
COMPUTERS	O
-	O
3	O
stars	O
DELL	O
SUPPORT	O
-	O
owes	O
a	O
me	O
a	O
couple	O

BEST	O
BUY	O
-	O
5	O
STARS	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
(	O
sales	O
,	O
service	O
,	O
respect	O
for	O
old	O
men	O
who	O
are	O
n't	O
familiar	T-1
with	O
the	O
technology	O
)	O
DELL	O
COMPUTERS	O
-	O
3	T-0
stars	T-0
DELL	B-aspectTerm
SUPPORT	I-aspectTerm
-	O
owes	O
a	O
me	O
a	O
couple	O

no	O
complaints	O
with	O
their	O
desktop	T-1
,	O
and	O
maybe	O
because	O
it	O
just	O
sits	O
on	O
your	O
desktop	T-2
,	O
and	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
carry	O
it	O
around	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
jar	T-0
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
,	O
or	O
the	O
motherboard	O
.	O

no	O
complaints	O
with	O
their	O
desktop	T-0
,	O
and	O
maybe	O
because	O
it	O
just	O
sits	O
on	O
your	O
desktop	T-1
,	O
and	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
carry	O
it	O
around	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
jar	O
the	O
hard	T-2
drive	T-2
,	O
or	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
speed	O
,	O
construction	O
quality	T-0
,	O
and	O
longevity	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	O
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
construction	O
quality	T-0
,	O
and	O
longevity	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	O
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	T-0
up	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
speed	T-1
,	O
construction	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
longevity	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	O
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	T-0
up	T-0
for	T-0
it	T-0
in	T-0
speed	T-1
,	T-1
construction	T-1
quality	T-1
,	O
and	O
longevity	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Since	O
I	O
keyboard	T-0
over	O
100	O
wpm	O
,	O
I	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
unit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
comfortble	T-3
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
(	O
no	O
keys	T-1
sticking	O
or	O
lagging	O
,	O
strange	O
configuration	T-2
of	O
"	O
extra	O
key	O
"	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

Since	O
I	O
keyboard	T-0
over	O
100	O
wpm	O
,	O
I	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
unit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
comfortble	O
keyboard	T-1
(	O
no	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
sticking	O
or	O
lagging	O
,	O
strange	O
configuration	T-2
of	O
"	O
extra	O
key	O
"	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

Since	O
I	O
keyboard	O
over	O
100	O
wpm	T-1
,	O
I	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
unit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
comfortble	O
keyboard	T-0
(	O
no	O
keys	O
sticking	O
or	O
lagging	O
,	O
strange	O
configuration	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
extra	I-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

)	O
I	O
also	O
tried	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	O
compared	O
it	O
to	O
other	O
netbooks	T-0
in	O
the	O
store	O
.	O

It	O
absolutely	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
most	O
PC	O
laptops	T-0
,	O
but	O
the	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
security	T-1
,	O
and	O
minimal	O
problems	O
that	O
have	O
arisen	O
make	O
it	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
pricetag	O
.	O

It	O
absolutely	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
most	O
PC	T-0
laptops	T-3
,	O
but	O
the	O
ease	T-1
of	T-1
use	T-1
,	O
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
minimal	T-2
problems	T-2
that	O
have	O
arisen	O
make	O
it	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
pricetag	O
.	O

It	O
absolutely	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
most	O
PC	T-0
laptops	T-0
,	O
but	O
the	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
security	T-1
,	O
and	O
minimal	O
problems	O
that	O
have	O
arisen	O
make	O
it	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
pricetag	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
It	O
gets	O
stuck	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
you	O
use	B-aspectTerm
it	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
keep	O
tapping	T-1
on	O
it	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
work	O
.	T-0

Â	O
It	O
gets	O
stuck	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
you	O
use	O
it	T-0
,	T-0
and	T-0
you	O
have	O
to	O
keep	O
tapping	O
on	T-1
it	T-1
to	T-1
get	O
it	O
to	O
work	B-aspectTerm
.	O

lots	T-0
of	O
preloaded	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
wish	O
it	O
had	T-1
a	T-1
webcam	B-aspectTerm
though	T-0
,	O
then	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
perfect	O
!	O

My	O
favorite	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
vga	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
so	O
I	O
can	O
connect	T-1
it	O
to	T-2
a	O
bigger	T-0
screen	O
.	O

My	O
favorite	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
vga	O
port	O
so	O
I	O
can	O
connect	T-0
it	O
to	O
a	O
bigger	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Another	O
thing	O
I	O
might	O
add	T-0
is	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
excellent	T-1
.	O

One	O
drawback	O
,	O
I	O
wish	O
the	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
were	O
backlit	T-0
.	O

Acer	O
was	O
no	O
help	O
and	O
Garmin	O
could	O
not	O
determine	T-0
the	O
problem(after	O
spending	O
about	O
2	O
hours	O
with	O
me	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
returned	O
it	O
and	O
purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	T-1
R700	T-1
that	O
seems	O
even	O
nicer	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
load	O
all	O
of	O
my	O
software	B-aspectTerm
with	O
no	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
wish	O
the	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
could	O
be	O
louder	T-1
and	O
the	O
mouse	O
did	O
nt	O
break	O
after	O
only	O
a	O
month	T-0
.	O

I	O
wish	O
the	O
volume	T-1
could	O
be	O
louder	O
and	O
the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
did	O
nt	O
break	T-0
after	O
only	O
a	O
month	O
.	O

I	O
play	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
casual	O
games	T-0
online	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
responsive	T-1
.	O

Granted	T-0
,	O
it	O
's	O
still	O
a	O
very	O
new	O
laptop	O
but	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
my	O
previous	O
laptops	T-1
and	O
desktops	O
,	O
my	O
Mac	O
boots	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
noticeably	O
quicker	O
.	O

It	O
caught	O
a	O
virus	O
that	O
completely	O
wiped	T-0
out	T-0
my	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
in	O
a	O
matter	T-1
of	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
everything	O
I	O
'd	O
hoped	T-0
it	O
would	O
be	O
from	T-2
a	O
look	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
feel	I-aspectTerm
standpoint	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
somehow	O
a	O
bit	O
more	O
sturdy	T-3
.	T-1

the	O
only	O
fact	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
like	O
about	O
apples	O
is	T-1
they	T-1
generally	T-1
use	T-1
safari	B-aspectTerm
and	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
use	O
safari	O
but	O
after	O
i	O
install	O
Mozzilla	O
firfox	O
i	O
love	O
every	O
single	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
.	T-0

the	O
only	O
fact	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
like	T-0
about	O
apples	O
is	O
they	O
generally	O
use	O
safari	T-1
and	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
use	O
safari	B-aspectTerm
but	O
after	O
i	O
install	T-2
Mozzilla	O
firfox	O
i	O
love	O
every	O
single	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

the	O
only	O
fact	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
like	O
about	O
apples	O
is	O
they	O
generally	O
use	O
safari	O
and	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
use	O
safari	O
but	O
after	O
i	O
install	T-1
Mozzilla	B-aspectTerm
firfox	I-aspectTerm
i	T-0
love	T-0
every	O
single	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
there	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fingerprint	T-0
reader	T-0
driver	T-1
would	O
be	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
software	T-2
would	O
hang	O
after	O
installation	T-3
was	O
1/2	O
way	O
done	O
.	O

The	O
Bluetooth	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fingerprint	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
driver	I-aspectTerm
would	O
be	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
software	T-0
would	O
hang	O
after	O
installation	O
was	O
1/2	O
way	O
done	O
.	T-1

The	O
Bluetooth	T-1
was	O
not	O
there	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fingerprint	T-2
reader	T-2
driver	T-2
would	O
be	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
would	T-0
hang	T-0
after	O
installation	O
was	O
1/2	O
way	O
done	O
.	O

Great	O
battery	T-1
,	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
display	T-0
.	T-0

Great	O
battery	T-0
,	O
speed	T-1
,	O
display	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	T-1
delivery	B-aspectTerm
was	T-2
fast	T-2
,	O
and	O
I	O
would	O
not	O
hesitate	O
to	O
purchase	O
this	O
laptop	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
performance	T-0
for	O
such	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	T-1
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
battery	O
life	O
and	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
for	O
such	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	T-0
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
impressed	T-0
with	O
the	O
battery	T-1
life	O
and	O
the	O
performance	O
for	O
such	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	T-1
's	T-1
applications	B-aspectTerm
are	O
terrific	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
replacements	T-0
for	O
Microsoft	O
office	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
applications	T-0
are	O
terrific	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
replacements	T-1
for	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
.	O

they	O
improved	O
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	B-aspectTerm
,	O
appearance	T-0
,	O
cooling	T-1
system	T-1
,	O
graphics	T-2
card	T-2
,	O
etc	O
.	O

they	O
improved	T-0
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	O
,	O
appearance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
cooling	O
system	O
,	O
graphics	O
card	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

they	O
improved	T-1
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	T-0
,	O
appearance	O
,	O
cooling	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
,	O
graphics	O
card	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

they	O
improved	T-4
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	T-0
,	O
appearance	T-1
,	O
cooling	T-2
system	T-2
,	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	T-3

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
webcam	I-aspectTerm
and	O
built	T-2
-	T-2
in	T-2
mic	T-2
were	O
shorting	T-0
out	T-0
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	T-1
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	O
and	O
mic	O
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
webcam	O
and	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
mic	I-aspectTerm
were	O
shorting	T-0
out	O
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	O
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	O
and	O
mic	O
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
webcam	O
and	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
mic	O
were	O
shorting	T-0
out	O
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	O
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	T-1
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	B-aspectTerm
and	O
mic	O
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
webcam	T-0
and	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
mic	O
were	O
shorting	O
out	O
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	O
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	O
and	O
mic	B-aspectTerm
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

My	O
dad	O
has	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
very	O
first	O
Toshibas	O
ever	O
made	O
,	O
yes	O
its	O
abit	O
slow	O
now	O
but	O
still	T-0
works	T-1
well	O
and	O
i	O
hooked	O
to	O
my	O
ethernet	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Mostly	O
I	O
love	T-0
the	O
drag	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
drop	I-aspectTerm
feature	I-aspectTerm
.	T-1

oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
the	O
fancy	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
breaks	O
guess	O
who	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
to	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	T-0
?	T-1

I	O
ordered	O
through	O
MacMall	T-0
,	O
which	O
saved	O
me	O
the	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
tax	I-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
have	O
incurred	O
buying	O
locally	O
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	O
software	B-aspectTerm
packages	I-aspectTerm
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	O
including	O
iWork	T-0
,	O
GarageBand	T-1
,	O
and	O
iMovie	T-2
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	O
software	T-2
packages	O
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	O
including	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
,	O
GarageBand	T-0
,	O
and	O
iMovie	T-1
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	T-0
software	T-3
packages	T-3
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	T-1
including	T-2
iWork	O
,	O
GarageBand	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
iMovie	O
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	O
software	T-0
packages	O
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	O
including	O
iWork	T-1
,	O
GarageBand	O
,	O
and	O
iMovie	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	T-0
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
large	O
and	O
crystal	O
clear	O
with	O
amazing	O
colors	T-1
and	O
resolution	O
.	O

The	O
screen	T-1
is	O
very	O
large	O
and	O
crystal	O
clear	O
with	O
amazing	T-0
colors	T-0
and	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
a	O
little	O
more	T-2
than	O
a	O
year	O
of	O
owning	O
my	O
MacBook	T-0
Pro	T-0
,	O
the	O
monitor	B-aspectTerm
has	O
completely	O
died	T-1
.	O

The	O
brand	O
of	O
iTunes	B-aspectTerm
has	O
just	O
become	O
ingrained	O
in	O
our	O
lexicon	T-0
now	O
,	O
but	O
keep	O
in	O
mind	O
that	O
Apple	O
started	O
it	O
all	O
.	O

Size	B-aspectTerm
:	O
I	O
know	T-0
13	O
is	O
small	O
(	O
especially	O
for	O
a	O
desktop	T-1
replacement	O
)	O
but	O
with	O
an	O
external	O
monitor	T-2
,	O
who	O
cares	O
.	O

Size	O
:	O
I	O
know	O
13	T-0
is	O
small	O
(	O
especially	O
for	O
a	O
desktop	T-1
replacement	O
)	O
but	O
with	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
monitor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
who	O
cares	O
.	O

Additional	O
caveat	O
:	O
the	O
base	B-aspectTerm
installation	I-aspectTerm
comes	T-0
with	O
some	O
Toshiba	T-2
-	T-2
specific	T-2
software	T-2
that	O
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
to	O
a	O
user	T-1
's	T-1
liking	T-1
.	O

Additional	O
caveat	O
:	O
the	O
base	O
installation	O
comes	O
with	O
some	O
Toshiba	O
-	O
specific	O
software	B-aspectTerm
that	T-0
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
liking	O
.	O

Â	O
Taking	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Best	O
Buy	O
I	O
found	O
that	O
a	O
tiny	O
plastic	O
piece	O
inside	O
had	O
broken	O
(	O
manuf	B-aspectTerm
issue	O
)	O
.	T-0

The	T-0
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
incredibly	O
bright	T-1
,	O
much	O
brighter	O
than	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
and	O
very	O
crisp	O
.	O

The	O
AMD	B-aspectTerm
Turin	I-aspectTerm
processor	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
always	O
perform	T-0
so	O
much	T-1
better	O
than	O
Intel	O
.	O

The	O
AMD	T-1
Turin	T-1
processor	T-1
seems	O
to	O
always	O
perform	O
so	O
much	T-2
better	T-2
than	O
Intel	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
After	T-1
that	O
the	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
under	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	T-2

The	O
start	B-aspectTerm
menu	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
the	O
easiest	O
thing	T-0
to	T-0
navigate	T-1
due	O
to	O
the	O
stacking	O
.	O

The	O
start	O
menu	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
easiest	T-0
thing	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
due	O
to	O
the	O
stacking	O
.	O

The	O
service	B-aspectTerm
tech	I-aspectTerm
said	O
he	O
had	O
tried	O
to	O
duplicate	T-0
the	O
damage	O
and	O
was	O
n't	O
able	O
to	O
recreate	O
it	O
therefore	O
it	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
their	O
defect	O
.	O

The	T-1
tech	B-aspectTerm
store	I-aspectTerm
I	T-2
purchased	T-2
this	T-2
from	T-2
sent	O
it	O
back,,,,,eventually	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
new	T-0
or	T-0
repaired	T-0
machine	T-0
approximately	O
3	O
weeks	O
later	O
.	O

Really	O
like	O
the	O
textured	T-1
surface	B-aspectTerm
which	O
shows	T-0
no	O
fingerprints	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
bright	O
and	O
the	O
keyboard	T-1
is	O
nice	T-0
;	O

The	O
screen	T-2
is	O
bright	T-1
and	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
nice	T-0
;	O

But	O
the	O
machine	T-1
is	O
awesome	T-0
and	O
iLife	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
and	O
I	O
love	O
Snow	O
Leopard	O
X.	O

But	O
the	O
machine	T-1
is	O
awesome	O
and	O
iLife	O
is	O
great	T-0
and	O
I	O
love	O
Snow	B-aspectTerm
Leopard	I-aspectTerm
X.	I-aspectTerm

High	T-1
price	B-aspectTerm
tag	I-aspectTerm
,	O
however	T-0
.	O

I	T-1
thought	T-1
learning	T-1
the	T-1
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
would	T-0
be	O
hard	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
easily	O
picked	O
up	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
familiar	O
with	O
a	O
PC	T-2
.	O

I	O
had	O
static	O
in	O
the	O
output	T-1
,	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
output	I-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
to	O
"	O
FM	T-0
"	O
as	O
opposed	T-2
to	T-2
the	T-2
default	T-2
"	O
CD	O
.	O

I	O
custom	O
ordered	O
the	O
machine	O
from	O
HP	O
and	O
could	O
NOT	O
understand	T-0
the	O
techie	B-aspectTerm
due	O
to	O
his	O
accent	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	T-0
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
lightweight	T-1
.	O

I	T-1
went	T-1
to	T-1
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
online	I-aspectTerm
help	I-aspectTerm
and	O
found	O
some	O
suggestions	O
to	O
fix	T-0
it	T-0
.	O

They	T-0
also	T-0
have	T-0
a	T-0
longer	T-0
service	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
than	O
other	O
computers	T-1
(	O
I	O
have	O
several	O
friends	O
who	O
still	O
use	O
the	O
older	O
Apple	O
PowerBooks	O
)	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
check	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
the	O
same	O
notebook	T-1
with	O
the	O
above	O
missing	T-0
ports	B-aspectTerm
and	O
a	T-2
dual	T-2
core	T-2
AMD	T-2
or	O
Intel	T-3
processor	T-3
.	O

If	O
you	O
check	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
the	O
same	T-0
notebook	T-1
with	O
the	O
above	O
missing	O
ports	O
and	O
a	O
dual	O
core	T-2
AMD	O
or	O
Intel	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
laptop	T-1
is	O
a	O
great	T-0
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
has	O
a	O
sleek	T-2
look	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
price	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
sleek	T-0
look	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
especially	O
like	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
which	O
has	O
chiclet	O
type	O
keys	T-0
.	O

I	O
especially	O
like	O
the	O
keyboard	T-0
which	O
has	O
chiclet	T-1
type	T-1
keys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Small	T-0
screen	B-aspectTerm
somewhat	T-1
limiting	T-1
but	O
great	T-2
for	O
travel	T-3
.	T-3

Runs	O
Hot	O
O	O
I	O
thought	O
we	O
were	O
paying	T-0
for	T-0
quality	B-aspectTerm
in	O
our	O
decision	O
to	O
buy	O
an	O
Apple	O
product	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
not	O
so	O
good	O
,	O
I	O
got	O
the	O
stock	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
-	O
which	O
is	O
VERY	O
glossy	T-0
.	O

The	T-0
gray	B-aspectTerm
color	I-aspectTerm
was	T-1
a	T-1
good	T-1
choice	T-1
.	T-2

I	O
would	O
like	T-0
to	O
have	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
rather	O
than	O
the	O
adjustment	T-1
that	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
a	O
AMD	O
Semprom	O
at	O
2.1	O
ghz	O
is	O
a	O
bummer	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
power	T-0
for	O
HD	T-1
or	O
heavy	O
computing	O
.	O

The	O
processor	O
a	O
AMD	O
Semprom	T-0
at	O
2.1	O
ghz	O
is	O
a	O
bummer	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
power	O
for	O
HD	O
or	O
heavy	O
computing	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
bought	T-0
a	O
protector	B-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
key	T-1
pad	T-1
and	O
it	O
works	O
great	O
:)	O

I	O
bought	O
a	O
protector	O
for	O
my	O
key	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	T-1
it	O
works	O
great	T-0
:)	T-0

It	O
seems	O
they	O
could	O
have	O
updated	T-1
XP	B-aspectTerm
and	O
done	O
without	O
creating	O
Vista	O
.	T-0

It	O
seems	O
they	O
could	O
have	O
updated	T-1
XP	O
and	O
done	T-0
without	O
creating	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	T-1
fast	O
and	O
has	O
great	O
graphics	O
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	T-1

Â	O
It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
fast	T-1
and	T-1
has	O
great	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	T-0

I	O
like	O
how	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
is	O
so	O
simple	T-0
and	O
easy	T-1
to	O
use	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
how	O
the	O
Mac	O
OS	O
is	O
so	O
simple	O
and	O
easy	T-0
to	T-0
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

While	O
Apple	O
's	O
saving	O
grace	O
is	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
they	O
at	O
least	O
stand	T-2
behind	O
their	O
products	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
support	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
nice	O
if	O
their	O
products	O
were	O
more	O
reliable	O
to	O
justify	T-0
the	O
premium	T-1
.	O

I	O
was	O
ready	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
a	O
refund	T-1
,	O
but	O
the	O
Geek	B-aspectTerm
Squad	I-aspectTerm
camed	T-2
through	O
and	O
pointed	T-3
me	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
direction	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
.	T-0

only	O
good	T-0
thing	O
is	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
other	O
lock	T-0
-	T-0
up	T-0
problems	T-0
are	O
from	O
a	O
myriad	O
of	O
causes	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
being	O
a	O
corrupted	O
version	O
of	O
Appleworks	B-aspectTerm
which	O
can	O
render	T-1
the	T-1
browser	T-1
useless	T-1
.	O

The	O
other	O
lock	T-0
-	T-0
up	T-0
problems	O
are	O
from	O
a	O
myriad	O
of	O
causes	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
being	O
a	O
corrupted	T-1
version	O
of	O
Appleworks	O
which	O
can	O
render	O
the	O
browser	B-aspectTerm
useless	O
.	O

The	O
paint	B-aspectTerm
wears	O
off	O
easily	T-0
due	O
to	O
the	O
keyboard	T-1
being	O
farther	O
back	O
than	O
usual	O
.	O

The	O
paint	T-1
wears	T-1
off	T-1
easily	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
being	O
farther	T-0
back	T-0
than	O
usual	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
purchased	O
it	O
from	O
a	O
major	O
electronics	T-0
store	O
and	O
took	O
it	O
to	O
their	O
service	B-aspectTerm
department	I-aspectTerm
to	O
find	O
out	O
what	O
the	O
problem	T-1
was	O
.	O

The	O
store	O
honored	T-0
their	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
made	O
the	O
comment	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
even	O
recommend	O
the	O
HP	O
brand	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
problems	T-1
with	O
their	O
warrentys	O
.	O

The	O
store	O
honored	O
their	O
warrenty	T-0
and	O
made	O
the	O
comment	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
even	O
recommend	T-3
the	O
HP	T-1
brand	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
problems	T-2
with	O
their	O
warrentys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
always	O
use	O
a	O
backup	T-0
hard	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
to	O
store	O
important	O
files	O
at	O
all	O
times	O
.	O

They	O
sent	O
out	O
the	O
box	O
right	O
away	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
in	O
my	O
computer	O
,	O
they	O
paid	T-1
postage	O
and	O
whatnot	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
I	O
got	O
my	O
computer	O
back	O
it	O
still	O
was	O
n't	O
running	B-aspectTerm
right	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
my	O
CD	O
drive	O
was	O
n't	O
reading	T-0
anything	O
!	O

They	O
sent	O
out	O
the	O
box	O
right	O
away	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
in	O
my	O
computer	T-0
,	O
they	O
paid	O
postage	O
and	O
whatnot	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
I	O
got	O
my	O
computer	T-1
back	O
it	O
still	O
was	O
n't	O
running	O
right	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
my	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
was	O
n't	O
reading	T-2
anything	O
!	O

But	T-0
the	T-0
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
that	O
bad	O
for	O
email	O
and	O
web	O
browsing	T-1
.	O

But	O
the	O
screen	T-0
size	T-1
is	O
not	O
that	O
bad	O
for	O
email	T-2
and	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Once	O
I	O
removed	O
all	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
the	O
laptop	O
loads	T-1
in	O
15	O
-	O
20	O
seconds	T-0
.	O

Once	O
I	O
removed	T-0
all	O
the	O
software	O
the	O
laptop	O
loads	B-aspectTerm
in	O
15	O
-	O
20	O
seconds	O
.	O

On	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
I	O
would	O
never	T-0
use	T-0
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
use	O
an	O
external	O
mouse	T-1
because	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
the	O
trackpad	T-2
.	O

On	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
use	O
the	O
trackpad	T-1
I	O
would	T-0
use	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
because	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
the	O
trackpad	T-2
.	O

On	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
use	O
the	O
trackpad	T-1
I	O
would	T-0
use	O
an	O
external	O
mouse	T-2
because	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
computer	O
does	O
n't	O
do	O
that	O
well	O
with	O
certain	O
games	B-aspectTerm
it	O
ca	O
n't	O
play	T-1
some	O
and	O
it	O
becomes	O
too	O
hot	O
while	O
playing	T-0
games	O
.	O

Obviously	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
important	T-0
features	B-aspectTerm
of	O
any	O
computer	O
is	O
the	O
"	O
human	T-1
interface	T-1
.	O

Yeah	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
smarty	O
pants	O
"	O
fix	O
it	O
now")Software	T-1
-	O
Compared	O
to	O
the	O
early	O
2011	O
edition	O
I	O
did	O
see	O
inbuilt	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
crashing	T-0
and	O
it	O
prompted	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
report	O
to	O
Apple	O
(	O
which	O
I	O
promptly	O
did	O
)	O
.	T-1

The	O
body	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
cheaply	T-0
made	T-0
so	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
interesting	O
to	O
see	O
how	O
long	O
it	O
holds	O
up	O
.	O

The	O
i5	B-aspectTerm
blows	O
my	O
desktop	T-0
out	O
of	O
the	O
water	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
rendering	T-1
videos	T-1
.	O

With	O
a	O
mac	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	T-1
about	O
antivirus	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
or	O
firewall	T-0
,	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
wonderful	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
mac	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	T-1
about	O
antivirus	T-0
software	O
or	O
firewall	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
wonderful	O
.	O

Am	O
very	O
glad	O
I	O
bought	T-1
it	O
,	O
great	O
netbook	T-2
,	O
low	T-0
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
team	I-aspectTerm
also	O
assists	O
you	O
very	O
nicely	O
when	O
choosing	O
which	O
computer	T-0
is	O
right	O
for	O
you	O
:)	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	T-1
is	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
,	O
yet	O
I	O
know	O
Vista	T-0
is	O
n't	O
the	O
entire	O
issue	O
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	O
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	O
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	O
system	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	T-2
is	O
Vista	T-3
,	O
yet	T-0
I	T-0
know	T-0
Vista	B-aspectTerm
is	T-1
n't	T-1
the	T-1
entire	T-1
issue	T-1
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	T-4
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	O
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	O
system	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	T-2
is	O
Vista	O
,	O
yet	O
I	O
know	O
Vista	O
is	O
n't	O
the	O
entire	O
issue	O
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	T-0
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	T-1
system	T-1
)	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	T-0
is	O
Vista	T-1
,	O
yet	O
I	O
know	O
Vista	T-2
is	O
n't	O
the	O
entire	T-4
issue	T-4
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	O
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	T-3
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

The	O
video	B-aspectTerm
chat	I-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
is	O
iffy	O
about	O
it	O
but	O
i	O
m	O
sure	O
once	O
they	O
unpdate	O
the	O
next	O
version	T-0
on	O
the	O
macbook	O
book	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
better	O
.	O

The	O
video	T-0
chat	T-0
is	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
is	O
iffy	T-2
about	O
it	O
but	O
i	O
m	O
sure	O
once	O
they	O
unpdate	O
the	O
next	O
version	T-1
on	O
the	O
macbook	O
book	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
of	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
better	O
.	O

That	O
whole	O
experience	O
was	O
just	O
ridiculous	O
we	O
sent	O
it	O
in	O
and	O
after	O
they	O
told	O
us	O
that	O
we	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
$	O
175	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
we	O
were	O
like	O
we	O
will	O
just	O
by	O
a	O
portable	T-0
mouse	B-aspectTerm
which	O
would	O
be	O
way	O
cheaper	O
but	O
they	O
refused	T-1
to	O
send	O
the	O
laptop	O
back	O
until	O
we	O
paid	O
the	O
$	O
175	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
fixed	O
.	O

Fan	B-aspectTerm
vents	T-1
to	O
the	O
side	O
,	O
so	O
no	T-2
cooling	T-2
pad	T-2
needed	T-2
,	O
great	T-3
feature	T-3
!	O

i	O
use	O
my	O
mac	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
i	T-0
love	T-0
the	T-0
software	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
takes	O
a	O
short	O
time	O
to	T-1
load	T-1
things	T-1
,	O
how	O
easy	O
it	O
is	O
to	O
use	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
all	O
how	O
you	O
do	T-2
n't	T-2
have	T-2
to	T-2
worry	T-2
about	T-2
viruses	T-2
.	O

Wasted	O
me	O
at	O
least	O
8	O
hours	T-0
of	O
installation	B-aspectTerm
time	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
has	O
far	O
exceeded	O
my	O
expectations	O
for	O
power	B-aspectTerm
,	O
storage	O
,	O
and	O
abilitiy	O
.	T-0

It	O
has	O
far	O
exceeded	O
my	O
expectations	O
for	O
power	T-0
,	O
storage	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
abilitiy	T-1
.	O

It	O
has	O
far	O
exceeded	T-3
my	O
expectations	T-0
for	O
power	T-1
,	O
storage	T-2
,	O
and	O
abilitiy	B-aspectTerm
.	T-4

A	O
great	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
spotlight	T-0
search	T-1
:	O
one	O
can	O
search	O
for	O
documents	T-2
by	O
simply	O
typing	O
a	O
keyword	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
parsing	O
tens	O
of	O
file	O
folders	O
for	O
a	O
document	O
.	O

A	O
great	T-0
feature	T-1
is	T-1
the	T-1
spotlight	B-aspectTerm
search	I-aspectTerm
:	O
one	O
can	O
search	T-2
for	T-2
documents	T-2
by	O
simply	O
typing	O
a	O
keyword	T-3
,	O
rather	O
than	O
parsing	O
tens	O
of	O
file	O
folders	O
for	O
a	O
document	O
.	O

My	T-0
wireless	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
would	O
not	O
recognize	O
Windows	T-1
7	T-1
and	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
get	O
online	T-2
to	O
find	O
out	O
why	O
.	O

My	O
wireless	T-0
system	T-1
would	O
not	O
recognize	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
get	O
online	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
why	O
.	O

Suffice	O
it	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
keeps	O
me	O
going	O
with	O
its	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
blazing	T-0
speed	O
.	O

Suffice	O
it	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
my	O
MacBook	T-1
Pro	T-1
keeps	O
me	O
going	O
with	O
its	O
long	O
battery	T-2
life	T-2
and	O
blazing	T-0
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
very	O
user	T-1
friendly	T-1
,	O
even	O
for	O
those	O
that	O
switch	O
from	O
a	O
PC	T-3
,	O
with	O
a	O
little	O
practice	O
you	O
can	O
take	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
this	O
OS	T-2
!	O

The	O
OS	T-0
is	O
also	O
very	O
user	O
friendly	O
,	O
even	O
for	O
those	O
that	O
switch	T-1
from	O
a	O
PC	T-2
,	O
with	O
a	O
little	O
practice	O
you	O
can	O
take	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
this	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
!	O

iTunes	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
handy	O
music	O
-	O
management	T-1
program	T-1
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
anyone	O
with	O
an	O
iPod	T-2
.	O

iTunes	O
is	O
a	O
handy	O
music	O
-	O
management	T-0
program	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
essential	T-1
for	O
anyone	O
with	O
an	O
iPod	O
.	O

Mac	O
is	O
not	O
made	T-0
for	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Well	O
I	O
spilled	T-0
something	O
on	O
it	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
it	O
with	O
this	O
model	T-2
,	O
which	O
gets	O
hot	T-1
and	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
make	O
it	O
through	O
1	O
DVD	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
to	O
set	O
up	O
my	O
new	O
printer	T-3
and	O
have	O
had	O
wonderful	T-1
experiences	T-2
with	O
helpful	T-0
,	O
english	O
speaking	O
(	O
from	O
Vancouver	O
)	O
techs	T-4
that	O
walked	O
me	O
through	O
the	O
processes	O
to	O
help	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
Apple	T-0
support	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
my	O
new	T-4
printer	T-1
and	O
have	O
had	O
wonderful	O
experiences	O
with	O
helpful	O
,	O
english	T-3
speaking	T-3
(	O
from	O
Vancouver	O
)	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
walked	O
me	O
through	O
the	O
processes	O
to	O
help	T-2
me	O
.	O

But	O
Sony	O
said	O
we	O
could	O
send	T-0
it	T-0
back	T-0
and	O
be	O
charged	T-1
for	O
adding	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
bluetooth	I-aspectTerm
an	O
additional	O
seventy	O
something	O
dollars	O
.	O

I	O
need	O
graphic	B-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
to	O
run	O
my	O
Adobe	O
Creative	T-0
apps	T-1
efficiently	O
.	O

I	O
need	O
graphic	T-2
power	T-2
to	O
run	O
my	O
Adobe	B-aspectTerm
Creative	I-aspectTerm
apps	I-aspectTerm
efficiently	T-1
.	O

the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
are	O
esay	O
to	O
use	O
and	O
are	O
quick	T-2
to	O
process	T-1
this	O
computer	O
works	O
like	O
a	O
charm	T-0
.	O

the	O
programs	T-0
are	O
esay	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
are	O
quick	O
to	O
process	T-1
this	O
computer	O
works	O
like	O
a	O
charm	O
.	O

The	O
materials	B-aspectTerm
that	O
came	T-0
with	T-0
the	O
computer	T-1
did	O
not	O
include	T-2
the	O
right	O
#	O
anywhere	O
.	O

Tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
tells	O
me	O
the	O
latter	O
problem	T-0
is	O
a	O
power	O
supply	O
problem	T-1
and	O
have	O
offered	O
to	O
fix	T-2
it	O
if	O
it	O
happens	O
again	O
.	O

Tech	O
support	O
tells	O
me	O
the	O
latter	O
problem	T-0
is	O
a	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
problem	O
and	O
have	O
offered	O
to	O
fix	T-1
it	T-1
if	O
it	O
happens	O
again	O
.	O

HOW	O
DOES	O
THE	O
POWER	B-aspectTerm
SUPPLY	I-aspectTerm
NOT	O
WORK	O
!	O
!	O
!	T-0

Sells	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
a	O
netbook	O
without	T-0
sacrificing	T-1
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
upon	O
giving	O
them	O
the	O
serial	O
number	T-0
the	T-1
first	O
thing	O
I	O
was	O
told	O
,	O
was	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
could	O
pay	O
to	O
have	O
it	O
repaired	O
.	T-1

Windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
SP2	I-aspectTerm
caused	O
many	O
problems	T-1
on	O
the	O
computer	T-0
,	O
so	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
remove	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
reloaded	T-1
with	O
Windows	O
7	O
Ultimate	O
,	O
and	T-0
the	T-0
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Fingerprint	T-2
reader	T-2
(	O
software	O
)	O
would	O
not	O
load	O
.	O

I	O
reloaded	T-0
with	O
Windows	O
7	O
Ultimate	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Bluetooth	O
and	O
Fingerprint	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
(	O
software	O
)	O
would	O
not	O
load	O
.	O

I	O
reloaded	T-1
with	O
Windows	O
7	O
Ultimate	O
,	O
and	T-0
the	O
Bluetooth	T-2
and	O
Fingerprint	T-3
reader	O
(	O
software	B-aspectTerm
)	O
would	O
not	O
load	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
at	I-aspectTerm
HP	I-aspectTerm
knew	O
what	O
they	T-0
were	O
doing	T-1
.	O

this	O
is	O
my	O
second	O
one	O
and	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
,	O
bad	O
video	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
O	O
unreliable	T-1
overall	O
,	O
this	O
will	O
be	O
my	O
second	T-0
time	O
returning	O
this	O
laptop	O
back	O
to	O
best	O
buy	O
.	O

With	O
awesome	O
graphics	T-1
and	O
assuring	T-0
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
perfect	O
!	O

Laptop	O
was	O
in	O
new	O
condition	O
and	O
operational	T-2
,	O
but	T-0
for	T-0
the	T-0
audio	B-aspectTerm
problem	O
when	O
1st	O
sent	O
for	O
repair	O
.	T-1

I	O
was	O
disappointed	O
when	O
I	O
realized	O
that	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
light	O
up	O
on	O
this	O
model	T-0
.	T-1

It	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
perfectly	T-0
.	O

The	O
laptop	O
was	O
very	T-0
easy	T-1
to	T-1
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
Sometimes	O
the	T-0
screen	B-aspectTerm
even	O
goes	O
black	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
.	T-1

I	T-0
recommend	T-0
for	T-0
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
internet	T-1
users	T-1
.	O

Since	T-0
I	T-0
've	T-0
had	T-0
this	T-0
computer	T-0
I	T-0
've	T-0
only	T-0
used	T-0
the	T-0
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
because	O
it	T-1
is	T-1
so	T-1
nice	T-1
and	T-1
smooth	T-1
.	O

A	T-0
longer	T-0
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
would	O
have	O
been	O
great	O
-	O
but	O
it	O
meets	O
it	O
's	O
spec	O
quite	O
easily	T-1
.	O

A	O
longer	T-1
battery	T-1
life	T-1
would	O
have	O
been	O
great	O
-	O
but	O
it	O
meets	O
it	O
's	O
spec	B-aspectTerm
quite	O
easily	O
.	T-0

Who	O
could	O
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
burner	I-aspectTerm
,	O
80-gigabyte	T-1
HD	O
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	O
chip	O
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	T-0
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
machines	O
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	O
-	O
quality	O
components	O
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	T-1

Who	O
could	O
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	O
burner	O
,	O
80-gigabyte	T-0
HD	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	O
chip	O
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
machines	O
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	O
-	O
quality	O
components	O
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	O

Who	O
could	T-0
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	T-1
burner	T-1
,	O
80-gigabyte	T-2
HD	T-2
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
chip	I-aspectTerm
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	T-3
and	O
Toshiba	T-4
machines	T-5
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	O
-	O
quality	O
components	O
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	O

Who	O
could	O
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	O
burner	O
,	O
80-gigabyte	O
HD	O
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	T-0
chip	O
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
machines	O
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	T-1
-	T-1
quality	T-1
components	B-aspectTerm
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	O

Its	O
fast	T-0
and	O
another	O
thing	T-2
I	O
like	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
three	T-1
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
salesman	T-1
talked	O
us	O
into	O
this	O
computer	O
away	O
from	O
another	O
we	O
were	O
looking	O
at	O
and	O
we	T-0
have	T-0
had	T-0
nothing	T-0
but	T-0
problems	T-0
with	T-0
software	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
and	O
just	O
not	O
happy	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

That	O
system	B-aspectTerm
is	O
fixed	T-0
.	O

Like	T-0
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
operation	O
.	O

Like	O
the	O
price	O
and	O
operation	B-aspectTerm
.	T-0

The	O
brand	B-aspectTerm
is	O
tarnished	O
in	O
my	O
heart	T-0
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	T-1
and	O
isolation	T-2
between	T-0
the	O
components	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
with	O
a	O
ground	T-3
loop	T-3
isolator	T-3
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	O
better	O
product	O
quality	O
for	O
this	O
price	O
range	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	T-2
and	T-2
isolation	T-2
between	O
the	O
components	T-3
,	O
and	T-0
I	T-0
'm	T-0
hoping	T-0
that	T-0
it	T-0
can	T-0
be	T-0
fixed	T-0
with	T-0
a	T-0
ground	B-aspectTerm
loop	I-aspectTerm
isolator	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	O
better	O
product	O
quality	O
for	O
this	O
price	O
range	T-1
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	T-2
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	O
and	O
isolation	O
between	O
the	O
components	T-0
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
with	O
a	O
ground	T-1
loop	T-1
isolator	T-1
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	T-3
better	O
product	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
for	O
this	O
price	O
range	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	T-0
and	O
isolation	T-1
between	O
the	O
components	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
with	O
a	O
ground	O
loop	O
isolator	T-2
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	O
better	O
product	O
quality	O
for	O
this	O
price	B-aspectTerm
range	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
about	O
a	O
1	O
1/2	O
and	O
yes	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
an	O
issue	O
with	O
it	O
one	O
month	O
out	T-0
of	T-0
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	T-1

Once	O
open	T-0
,	O
the	O
leading	B-aspectTerm
edge	I-aspectTerm
is	O
razor	T-1
sharp	O
.	O

Loaded	T-0
with	O
bloatware	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Maximum	B-aspectTerm
sound	I-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
nearly	O
as	O
loud	T-0
as	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
.	T-1

I	O
loaded	T-0
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
via	O
Bootcamp	O
and	O
it	O
works	T-1
flawlessly	T-2
!	O

I	O
loaded	T-0
windows	T-2
7	O
via	O
Bootcamp	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
works	T-1
flawlessly	O
!	O

Great	O
Laptop	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
works	T-0
well	T-0
with	O
action	O
pack	O
games	O
.	O

Great	O
Laptop	T-1
for	O
the	O
price	T-2
,	O
works	B-aspectTerm
well	O
with	O
action	O
pack	O
games	T-3
.	T-0

Great	T-2
Laptop	O
for	O
the	O
price	T-1
,	O
works	T-0
well	T-0
with	T-0
action	B-aspectTerm
pack	I-aspectTerm
games	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Although	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
higher	T-2
then	O
Dell	O
laptops	O
,	O
the	O
Macbooks	T-1
are	O
worth	O
the	O
dough	T-0
.	O

I	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	T-0
this	O
to	O
anyone	O
wanting	O
a	O
notebook	T-1
expecting	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
Desktop	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
meet	O
the	O
expectations	O
.	O

The	T-0
Macbook	T-0
arrived	T-0
in	T-0
a	T-0
nice	T-0
twin	B-aspectTerm
packing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
sealed	T-1
in	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
functions	O
works	O
great	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
arrived	O
in	O
a	O
nice	T-1
twin	O
packing	T-2
and	O
sealed	T-0
in	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
functions	B-aspectTerm
works	O
great	O
.	O

So	O
what	O
if	O
the	O
laptops	T-1
/	O
mobile	T-2
phones	T-0
look	B-aspectTerm
chic	O
and	O
cool	O
?	O
The	O
after	O
sales	O
support	O
is	O
terrible	O
.	O

So	O
what	O
if	O
the	O
laptops	T-0
/	O
mobile	T-1
phones	T-1
look	O
chic	T-2
and	O
cool	T-3
?	O
The	O
after	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
is	O
terrible	O
.	T-4

I	O
hate	O
the	O
display	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
have	O
done	O
everything	O
I	O
could	O
do	O
the	O
change	T-0
it	T-0
.	O

I	O
also	O
like	O
the	O
acer	B-aspectTerm
arcade	I-aspectTerm
but	O
these	T-0
were	O
reallythe	O
only	O
two	O
things	T-1
I	O
liked	T-2
about	O
this	O
laptop	T-3
.	O

Have	O
not	O
yet	O
needed	O
any	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
with	O
this	O
yet	O
so	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
thing	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
leaps	T-0
and	T-0
bounds	T-0
ahead	T-0
of	O
PC	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
.	O

I	O
gave	O
it	O
to	O
my	O
daughter	O
because	O
I	O
just	O
hated	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
hated	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
no	O
cd	O
drive	O
to	O
at	O
least	O
play	T-1
cd	T-0
's	T-0
when	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
and	O
do	O
schoolwork	O
.	O

I	O
gave	O
it	O
to	O
my	O
daughter	O
because	T-1
I	O
just	O
hated	O
the	O
screen	O
,	O
hated	T-0
that	O
it	O
had	O
no	O
cd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
to	O
at	O
least	O
play	O
cd	O
's	O
when	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
and	O
do	O
schoolwork	O
.	O

It	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
very	O
quiet	T-0
too	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
plus	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
heavy	O
,	O
bulky	O
,	O
and	O
hard	O
to	O
carry	O
because	T-0
of	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
games	B-aspectTerm
included	T-0
are	O
very	O
good	O
games	O
.	O

The	O
games	T-1
included	T-0
are	O
very	O
good	O
games	B-aspectTerm
.	O

this	O
computer	T-0
will	O
last	O
you	O
at	O
least	O
7	O
years	O
,	O
that	O
s	O
an	O
amazing	O
life	B-aspectTerm
spanned	T-2
an	O
electronic	T-1
.	O

Sometimes	O
you	O
really	O
have	T-0
to	T-0
tap	T-1
the	T-1
pad	B-aspectTerm
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
worki	O

It	O
's	O
super	O
fast	O
and	O
a	O
great	O
value	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
price	T-0
!	O

It	O
's	O
super	O
fast	T-0
and	O
a	O
great	O
value	T-1
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Three	O
,	O
the	O
mac	O
book	O
has	O
advantages	T-1
over	O
pcs	O
'	O
with	O
linux	B-aspectTerm
based	I-aspectTerm
os	I-aspectTerm
there	O
is	O
very	O
'	O
few	O
problems	O
with	O
system	T-0
performance	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

Three	O
,	O
the	O
mac	O
book	O
has	O
advantages	O
over	O
pcs	O
'	O
with	O
linux	O
based	O
os	O
there	O
is	O
very	O
'	O
few	T-0
problems	T-0
with	O
system	B-aspectTerm
performance	I-aspectTerm
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

A	O
mac	T-0
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
simply	T-1
makes	O
sense	O
.	O

however	O
,	O
I	O
may	O
have	O
inadvertently	O
thrown	T-0
out	T-0
one	O
of	O
the	O
batteries	B-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
shipping	T-1
carton	T-1
.	O

however	O
,	O
I	O
may	O
have	O
inadvertently	O
thrown	T-0
out	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
batteries	T-1
with	O
the	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
carton	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
much	O
easier	T-0
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm

There	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
open	O
a	O
program	B-aspectTerm
first	O
and	O
the	O
cliick	T-0
open	T-1
or	O
import	T-2
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
nice	O
not	O
to	O
worry	T-0
about	T-0
that	O
and	O
the	O
extra	O
expense	T-1
that	O
comes	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
necessary	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
on	O
PC	T-2
's	T-2
.	O

Three	O
weeks	O
after	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
netbook	T-1
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
quit	O
working	T-0
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	O
16	O
functions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	T-0
are	O
routed	T-2
through	O
the	O
hardware	T-1
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	T-3
.	O

The	O
processor	T-1
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	T-0
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	B-aspectTerm
16	I-aspectTerm
functions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	T-2
are	O
routed	O
through	O
the	O
hardware	T-3
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	O
.	O

The	O
processor	T-0
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	O
16	O
functions	T-2
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
routed	T-4
through	O
the	O
hardware	T-1
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	T-3
.	O

The	O
processor	T-0
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	T-1
OSX	T-1
16	T-1
functions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	O
are	O
routed	O
through	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	T-2
.	O

The	O
processor	T-1
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	T-0
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	O
16	O
functions	T-2
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	O
are	O
routed	T-3
through	O
the	O
hardware	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
something	O
that	O
had	T-2
a	O
new	T-3
Intel	B-aspectTerm
Core	I-aspectTerm
processors	I-aspectTerm
and	O
HDMI	O
port	O
so	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
hook	T-0
it	T-0
up	T-0
directly	O
to	T-1
our	T-1
TV	T-1
.	O

I	O
wanted	T-0
something	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
new	O
Intel	O
Core	O
processors	O
and	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
so	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
hook	T-1
it	O
up	T-2
directly	O
to	O
our	O
TV	T-3
.	O

The	O
Apple	O
will	O
run	T-0
Internet	B-aspectTerm
Explorer	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
at	O
an	O
amazingly	O
slow	O
rate	O
.	O

With	O
today	O
's	O
company	O
fighting	O
over	O
marketshare	O
,	O
its	O
a	O
shame	T-1
that	O
ASUS	O
can	O
get	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
inept	O
staff	B-aspectTerm
answering	T-0
thephone	T-0
.	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
premium	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
little	T-0
much	T-0
,	O
but	O
when	O
you	O
start	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
features	T-1
it	O
is	O
worth	O
the	O
added	O
cash	O
.	O

The	O
price	T-1
premium	T-1
is	O
a	O
little	O
much	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
you	O
start	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
it	O
is	O
worth	O
the	O
added	T-0
cash	O
.	O

Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
word	I-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
on	T-0
it	O
andI	O
had	O
to	O
buy	O
it	O
seperately	T-1
.	O

it	O
has	O
3	T-1
usb	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
,	O
1	O
sd	O
memory	O
card	O
reader	O
and	O
an	O
sd	O
memory	O
car	O
expansion	T-0
.	O

it	O
has	O
3	O
usb	O
ports	O
,	O
1	T-3
sd	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
and	O
an	O
sd	O
memory	T-1
car	O
expansion	T-2
.	T-0

it	O
has	O
3	O
usb	T-0
ports	O
,	O
1	T-1
sd	T-1
memory	T-1
card	T-1
reader	T-1
and	O
an	O
sd	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
car	I-aspectTerm
expansion	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
connect	T-1
a	O
LaCie	B-aspectTerm
2Big	I-aspectTerm
external	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
via	O
the	O
firewire	T-2
800	T-2
interface	T-2
,	O
which	T-0
is	O
useful	O
for	O
Time	T-3
Machine	T-3
.	O

I	O
connect	T-0
a	O
LaCie	O
2Big	O
external	T-2
drive	T-3
via	O
the	O
firewire	B-aspectTerm
800	I-aspectTerm
interface	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
useful	O
for	O
Time	T-1
Machine	T-1
.	O

I	O
connect	T-0
a	O
LaCie	T-1
2Big	T-1
external	T-1
drive	T-1
via	O
the	O
firewire	T-2
800	T-2
interface	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
useful	T-3
for	T-3
Time	B-aspectTerm
Machine	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
Toshiba	T-0
did	O
not	O
have	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
on	O
everything	O
,	O
just	O
certain	O
things	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
overall	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
my	O
toshiba	T-1
satellite	T-2
,	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
extra	B-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
windows	T-0
7	O
home	O
premium	T-3
.	O

I	O
am	O
overall	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
my	O
toshiba	O
satellite	O
,	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
extra	T-0
features	O
,	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
home	I-aspectTerm
premium	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Aspire	O
wo	O
nt	O
even	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
past	T-1
the	T-1
Acer	O
screen	O
with	O
a	O
Droid	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
both	O
Motorola	O
and	O
HTC	O
)	O
plugged	T-2
into	O
the	O
USB	O
port	O
.	T-0

The	O
Aspire	T-0
wo	O
nt	O
even	O
boot	O
past	T-3
the	O
Acer	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
with	O
a	O
Droid	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
both	O
Motorola	O
and	O
HTC	O
)	O
plugged	T-2
into	O
the	O
USB	T-1
port	T-1
.	O

The	O
Aspire	O
wo	O
nt	O
even	O
boot	T-1
past	O
the	O
Acer	O
screen	O
with	O
a	O
Droid	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
both	O
Motorola	O
and	O
HTC	O
)	O
plugged	T-0
into	T-0
the	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
was	O
shorter	T-0
than	O
expected	O
.	O

It	O
fires	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
morning	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
30	O
seconds	T-1
and	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
any	O
issues	O
with	O
it	O
freezing	T-0
.	O

The	T-1
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	T-2
top	T-2
notch	T-2
.	T-0

It	O
drives	O
me	O
crazy	O
when	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
download	O
a	O
game	O
or	O
something	O
of	O
that	O
nature	T-0
and	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
play	O
it	O
because	O
its	O
not	O
compatable	T-1
with	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
online	B-aspectTerm
tutorial	I-aspectTerm
videos	I-aspectTerm
make	O
it	O
super	O
easy	T-1
to	T-1
learn	T-1
if	O
you	O
have	O
always	O
used	T-0
a	O
PC	O
.	O

The	O
image	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	T-0
,	O
and	O
the	O
soud	T-2
is	O
excelent	T-1
.	O

The	O
image	O
is	O
great	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
soud	B-aspectTerm
is	O
excelent	T-0
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
more	O
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	T-2
to	O
wait	T-1
for	T-1
windows	B-aspectTerm
to	T-0
boot	T-0
up	T-0
or	T-0
shut	T-0
down	T-0
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	O
associated	O
with	O
windows	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
more	T-3
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
windows	T-0
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
or	O
shut	T-1
down	T-1
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	T-2
associated	O
with	O
windows	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
more	T-0
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
windows	O
to	O
boot	O
up	O
or	O
shut	B-aspectTerm
down	I-aspectTerm
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	O
associated	O
with	O
windows	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	T-0
computer	T-0
I	O
have	O
more	O
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
windows	T-1
to	O
boot	O
up	O
or	O
shut	O
down	O
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	T-2
associated	O
with	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
just	O
pick	T-1
up	T-1
and	O
use--	B-aspectTerm
It	O
did	O
not	O
take	O
long	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
the	O
Mac	O
OS	O
.	T-0

It	O
was	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
just	O
pick	O
up	O
and	O
use--	O
It	O
did	O
not	O
take	O
long	O
to	O
get	T-0
used	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
money	T-1
it	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Very	O
good	O
investment	T-2
.	T-0

Upgrading	T-2
from	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
,	O
thru	O
Windows	T-0
7	T-0
Home	T-0
Premium	T-0
,	O
to	O
Windows	T-1
7	T-1
Professional	T-1
was	O
a	O
snap	O
;	O

Upgrading	T-0
from	O
Windows	O
7	O
Starter	T-2
,	O
thru	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Home	I-aspectTerm
Premium	I-aspectTerm
,	O
to	O
Windows	O
7	O
Professional	T-1
was	O
a	O
snap	O
;	T-1

Upgrading	T-0
from	O
Windows	O
7	O
Starter	O
,	O
thru	O
Windows	O
7	O
Home	O
Premium	O
,	O
to	T-1
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Professional	I-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
snap	O
;	O

My	O
kids	O
(	O
and	O
dogs	T-0
)	O
destroyed	O
two	O
power	B-aspectTerm
cords	I-aspectTerm
by	O
pulling	T-1
on	T-1
them	T-1
.	O

I	O
had	O
upgraded	T-1
my	O
old	O
MacBook	O
to	O
Lion	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
kind	O
of	O
knew	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
getting	O
,	O
but	O
had	O
n't	O
been	O
able	O
to	O
enjoy	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
awesome	O
new	T-0
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	T-1
little	T-1
glary	T-1
,	O
and	O
I	O
hated	O
the	O
clicking	T-2
buttons	T-2
,	O
but	O
I	O
got	O
used	O
to	O
them	O
.	O

The	O
screen	O
is	O
a	O
little	O
glary	T-0
,	O
and	O
I	O
hated	O
the	O
clicking	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
got	O
used	O
to	O
them	O
.	O

not	T-0
using	T-0
wired	B-aspectTerm
lan	I-aspectTerm
not	O
sure	O
what	O
that	O
s	O
about	O
.	O

The	O
macbook	O
rarely	T-0
requires	T-1
a	T-1
hard	B-aspectTerm
reboot	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Now	O
for	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
problems	T-0
.	O

Anyways	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
two	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
when	O
I	O
first	O
brought	O
it	O
home	T-0
it	O
kept	O
giving	O
me	O
a	O
message	T-1
about	O
a	O
vibration	T-2
in	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
is	O
putting	O
it	O
temporaly	O
in	O
save	T-3
zone	T-3
.	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
and	O
has	O
excellent	T-1
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	T-0

Features	B-aspectTerm
like	O
the	O
font	T-1
are	O
very	O
block	T-0
-	O
like	O
and	O
old	O
school	O
.	O

Features	O
like	O
the	O
font	B-aspectTerm
are	O
very	O
block	T-0
-	T-0
like	T-0
and	O
old	T-1
school	T-1
.	T-1

It	O
is	O
loaded	T-1
with	T-1
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
is	O
of	O
no	O
good	O
for	O
the	O
average	T-0
user	O
,	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
run	O
way	O
to	O
slow	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
loaded	O
with	O
programs	T-0
that	O
is	O
of	O
no	O
good	O
for	O
the	O
average	O
user	O
,	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
run	B-aspectTerm
way	T-1
to	T-1
slow	T-1
.	O

I	O
feel	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
poorly	T-0
put	O
together	O
,	O
because	O
once	O
in	O
a	O
while	O
different	O
plastic	B-aspectTerm
Â	I-aspectTerm
pieces	I-aspectTerm
Â	O
would	O
come	O
off	T-1
of	O
it	O
.	T-1

Finally	O
,	O
I	O
should	O
note	O
that	O
I	O
took	T-0
the	O
2	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
stick	I-aspectTerm
from	T-1
my	O
old	O
EeePC	O
and	O
installed	T-2
it	O
before	O
I	O
even	O
powered	O
on	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
rather	O
unsteady	T-0
on	O
its	O
feet	O
and	O
is	O
susceptible	T-1
to	O
many	O
bugs	O
.	O

After	O
sending	O
out	O
documents	O
via	O
email	O
and	O
having	O
recipients	O
tell	O
me	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
open	O
the	O
documents	O
or	O
they	O
came	O
through	O
as	O
gibberish	O
,	O
I	O
broke	O
down	O
and	O
spent	T-0
another	O
$	O
100	O
to	O
get	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Word	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
.	O



================================================
FILE: dataset/Laptop-reviews/trigger_turk.txt
================================================
I	O
charge	T-1
it	T-1
at	O
night	O
and	O
skip	T-0
taking	T-0
the	T-0
cord	B-aspectTerm
with	O
me	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
good	O
battery	O
life	O
.	O

I	O
charge	T-0
it	O
at	O
night	O
and	O
skip	O
taking	O
the	O
cord	T-1
with	O
me	O
because	T-2
of	O
the	O
good	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
tech	B-aspectTerm
guy	I-aspectTerm
then	O
said	O
the	O
service	T-1
center	T-1
does	O
not	O
do	O
1-to-1	O
exchange	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
direct	O
my	O
concern	O
to	O
the	O
"	O
sales	T-0
"	O
team	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
retail	T-2
shop	T-2
which	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
netbook	T-3
from	O
.	O

The	O
tech	T-0
guy	T-0
then	O
said	O
the	O
service	B-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
does	O
not	O
do	O
1-to-1	O
exchange	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
direct	O
my	O
concern	O
to	O
the	O
"	O
sales	O
"	O
team	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
retail	O
shop	O
which	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
netbook	O
from	O
.	O

The	O
tech	T-0
guy	T-0
then	O
said	O
the	O
service	T-1
center	T-1
does	O
not	O
do	O
1-to-1	O
exchange	O
and	O
I	O
have	O
to	O
direct	O
my	O
concern	O
to	O
the	O
"	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
team	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
retail	T-2
shop	T-2
which	O
I	O
bought	O
my	O
netbook	O
from	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
,	O
has	O
a	O
killer	O
GUI	T-0
,	O
is	O
extremely	O
stable	T-1
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	O
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	O
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	O
,	O
has	T-0
a	T-0
killer	T-0
GUI	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
extremely	O
stable	T-1
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	O
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	O
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	T-0
,	O
has	O
a	O
killer	O
GUI	T-1
,	O
is	O
extremely	T-3
stable	O
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	T-2
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	B-aspectTerm
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

it	O
is	O
of	O
high	O
quality	O
,	O
has	O
a	O
killer	O
GUI	T-0
,	O
is	O
extremely	O
stable	O
,	O
is	O
highly	O
expandable	T-1
,	O
is	O
bundled	O
with	O
lots	O
of	O
very	O
good	O
applications	O
,	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
is	O
absolutely	O
gorgeous	O
.	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	T-0
of	T-0
the	T-0
features	B-aspectTerm
that	T-1
it	T-1
offers	T-1
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	T-2
,	O
Photobooth	T-3
,	O
garage	O
band	O
and	O
more	O
!	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
features	O
that	O
it	O
offers	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Photobooth	T-0
,	O
garage	T-1
band	T-2
and	O
more	O
!	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
features	T-0
that	O
it	O
offers	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	T-1
,	O
Photobooth	B-aspectTerm
,	O
garage	T-2
band	T-2
and	O
more	O
!	O

I	O
even	O
got	O
my	O
teenage	O
son	O
one	O
,	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
features	O
that	O
it	T-0
offers	O
,	O
like	O
,	O
iChat	O
,	O
Photobooth	O
,	O
garage	B-aspectTerm
band	I-aspectTerm
and	O
more	O
!	O

Great	O
laptop	T-1
that	O
offers	T-0
many	T-0
great	T-0
features	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	B-aspectTerm
,	O
screen	O
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	O
light	O
steady	O
,	O
hard	O
drive	O
light	O
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	T-1

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	O
,	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	O
light	O
steady	O
,	O
hard	O
drive	O
light	O
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	T-1

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	O
,	O
screen	O
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	B-aspectTerm
light	I-aspectTerm
steady	O
,	O
hard	O
drive	O
light	O
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	T-1

Â	O
One	O
night	O
I	O
turned	O
the	O
freaking	O
thing	O
off	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
day	O
I	O
turn	O
it	O
on	O
,	O
no	O
GUI	O
,	O
screen	O
all	O
dark	O
,	O
power	O
light	O
steady	O
,	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
light	I-aspectTerm
steady	O
and	O
not	O
flashing	O
as	O
it	O
usually	O
does	O
.	T-1

I	O
took	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
an	O
Asus	T-0
and	O
same	O
thing-	O
blue	O
screen	O
which	O
required	O
me	O
to	O
remove	T-1
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
to	O
reset	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
shop	O
,	O
these	O
MacBooks	T-1
are	O
encased	O
in	O
a	O
soft	T-0
rubber	B-aspectTerm
enclosure	I-aspectTerm
-	O
so	O
you	O
will	O
never	O
know	O
about	O
the	O
razor	T-2
edge	T-2
until	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
,	O
get	O
it	O
home	O
,	O
break	O
the	O
seal	O
and	O
use	O
it	O
(	O
very	O
clever	O
con	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
the	O
shop	O
,	O
these	O
MacBooks	T-1
are	O
encased	T-2
in	O
a	O
soft	O
rubber	T-3
enclosure	T-3
-	O
so	O
you	O
will	O
never	O
know	O
about	O
the	O
razor	T-0
edge	B-aspectTerm
until	O
you	O
buy	O
it	O
,	O
get	O
it	O
home	O
,	O
break	O
the	O
seal	O
and	O
use	O
it	O
(	O
very	O
clever	O
con	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
gestures	I-aspectTerm
and	O
large	O
tracking	T-0
area	O
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	O
mouse	O
unnecessary	O
(	O
unless	O
you	O
're	O
gaming	O
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	T-1
-	T-1
touch	T-1
gestures	O
and	O
large	O
tracking	B-aspectTerm
area	I-aspectTerm
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	T-0
mouse	O
unnecessary	O
(	O
unless	O
you	O
're	O
gaming	T-2
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	T-0
-	T-0
touch	T-0
gestures	O
and	O
large	O
tracking	T-1
area	T-1
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
unnecessary	T-3
(	O
unless	O
you	O
're	O
gaming	T-2
)	O
.	O

However	O
,	O
the	O
multi	O
-	O
touch	O
gestures	O
and	O
large	O
tracking	O
area	O
make	O
having	O
an	O
external	T-1
mouse	O
unnecessary	O
(	O
unless	T-0
you	T-0
're	T-0
gaming	B-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
way	O
the	O
entire	O
suite	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
works	O
together	T-0
.	O

The	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
is	O
incredible	T-1
and	O
I	O
am	O
more	O
than	O
satisfied	T-0
.	O

This	O
laptop	T-1
meets	O
every	O
expectation	O
and	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
is	T-0
great	T-0
!	O

I	O
can	O
barely	O
use	T-1
any	O
usb	B-aspectTerm
devices	I-aspectTerm
because	O
they	O
will	O
not	O
stay	O
connected	T-0
properly	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
finally	O
had	O
everything	O
running	T-0
with	O
all	O
my	O
software	B-aspectTerm
installed	O
I	O
plugged	T-1
in	T-1
my	O
droid	T-2
to	O
recharge	O
and	O
the	O
system	T-3
crashed	O
.	O

When	O
I	O
finally	O
had	O
everything	O
running	O
with	O
all	O
my	O
software	O
installed	T-0
I	O
plugged	T-1
in	O
my	O
droid	T-3
to	T-2
recharge	T-4
and	O
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
crashed	O
.	O

One	O
suggestion	O
I	O
do	O
have	O
,	O
is	O
to	O
not	T-0
bother	T-0
getting	T-0
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
mac	I-aspectTerm
expecting	O
it	O
will	O
work	T-1
just	O
like	O
you	O
knew	O
it	O
to	O
on	O
a	O
PC	O
.	O

Pairing	T-0
it	O
with	O
an	O
iPhone	T-1
is	O
a	O
pure	O
pleasure	O
-	O
talk	O
about	O
painless	O
syncing	B-aspectTerm
-	O
used	O
to	O
take	O
me	O
forever	O
-	O
now	O
it	O
's	O
a	O
snap	T-2
.	O

I	O
also	O
got	O
the	O
added	O
bonus	T-1
of	O
a	O
30	B-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
HD	I-aspectTerm
Monitor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
really	T-0
helps	T-0
to	T-0
extend	O
my	O
screen	O
and	O
keep	O
my	O
eyes	O
fresh	O
!	O

I	O
also	O
got	O
the	O
added	O
bonus	O
of	O
a	O
30	O
"	O
HD	T-1
Monitor	T-1
,	O
which	O
really	O
helps	O
to	O
extend	T-0
my	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
and	O
keep	O
my	O
eyes	O
fresh	O
!	O

The	O
machine	T-0
is	O
slow	O
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
and	O
occasionally	O
crashes	O
completely	O
.	O

After	O
paying	T-1
several	O
hundred	O
dollars	O
for	O
this	O
service	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
is	O
frustrating	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
not	O
get	T-0
help	T-0
after	O
hours	O
.	O

I	O
did	O
have	O
to	O
replace	T-1
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
once	O
,	O
but	O
that	O
was	O
only	O
a	O
couple	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
it	T-0
's	T-0
been	T-0
working	T-0
perfect	T-0
ever	T-0
since	T-0
.	O

I	O
love	O
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
preloaded	T-0
software	T-1
.	T-1

I	O
love	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
and	O
the	O
preloaded	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	T-0

The	O
best	O
thing	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	T-0
is	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
along	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
newer	O
features	O
.	T-1

The	O
best	O
thing	O
about	O
this	O
laptop	O
is	O
the	O
price	O
along	O
with	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
newer	T-0
features	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
numerous	O
attempts	O
of	O
trying	T-1
(	O
including	O
setting	T-0
the	O
clock	B-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
BIOS	I-aspectTerm
setup	I-aspectTerm
directly	O
)	O
,	O
I	O
gave	O
up(I	O
am	O
a	O
techie	O
)	O
.	O

YOU	O
WILL	O
NOT	O
BE	O
ABLE	O
TO	O
TALK	O
TO	O
AN	O
AMERICAN	T-0
WARRANTY	B-aspectTerm
SERVICE	I-aspectTerm
IS	O
OUT	O
OF	O
COUNTRY	O
.	O

but	O
now	O
i	O
have	O
realized	O
its	O
a	O
problem	T-0
with	T-0
this	O
brand	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
sent	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Toshiba	T-0
twice	O
they	O
covered	T-1
it	O
under	T-3
the	O
O	T-2
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
kinda	T-2
loud	T-1
when	O
the	O
fan	B-aspectTerm
was	T-0
running	T-0
.	O

In	O
desparation	O
,	O
I	O
called	O
their	O
Customer	B-aspectTerm
Service	I-aspectTerm
number	I-aspectTerm
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
my	O
warranty	T-1
had	O
expired	T-0
(	O
2	O
days	O
old	O
)	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
priviledge	O
of	O
talking	O
to	O
a	O
technician	O
would	O
cost	O
me	O
(	O
"	O
have	O
your	O
credit	O
card	O
ready	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
desparation	O
,	O
I	O
called	O
their	O
Customer	T-1
Service	T-1
number	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
my	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
had	T-2
expired	T-2
(	O
2	O
days	O
old	O
)	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
priviledge	O
of	O
talking	O
to	O
a	O
technician	T-0
would	O
cost	O
me	O
(	O
"	O
have	O
your	O
credit	O
card	O
ready	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

In	O
desparation	O
,	O
I	O
called	T-0
their	O
Customer	O
Service	O
number	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
my	O
warranty	T-2
had	O
expired	O
(	O
2	O
days	O
old	O
)	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
priviledge	T-3
of	T-3
talking	B-aspectTerm
to	I-aspectTerm
a	I-aspectTerm
technician	I-aspectTerm
would	T-1
cost	T-1
me	T-1
(	O
"	O
have	O
your	O
credit	O
card	O
ready	O
"	O
)	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
as	O
certain	O
times	O
windows	T-0
loads	O
but	O
claims	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
any	O
drivers	T-1
or	O
files	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
hard	O
disc	O
as	O
certain	O
times	T-1
windows	B-aspectTerm
loads	T-0
but	O
claims	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	O
any	O
drivers	O
or	O
files	O
.	O

There	O
also	O
seemed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
problem	O
with	O
the	O
hard	O
disc	T-2
as	O
certain	O
times	O
windows	T-0
loads	O
but	O
claims	O
to	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
find	T-1
any	O
drivers	B-aspectTerm
or	O
files	T-3
.	O

Drivers	B-aspectTerm
updated	T-0
ok	O
but	O
the	O
BIOS	T-1
update	O
froze	O
the	O
system	O
up	O
and	O
the	O
computer	O
shut	O
down	O
.	O

Drivers	O
updated	T-1
ok	O
but	O
the	O
BIOS	B-aspectTerm
update	I-aspectTerm
froze	T-2
the	T-2
system	T-2
up	T-2
and	O
the	O
computer	T-0
shut	T-3
down	T-3
.	O

Drivers	O
updated	O
ok	O
but	O
the	O
BIOS	O
update	O
froze	T-0
the	O
system	B-aspectTerm
up	T-1
and	O
the	O
computer	O
shut	O
down	O
.	O

Spent	T-0
2	O
hours	O
on	T-2
phone	T-2
with	T-2
HP	B-aspectTerm
Technical	I-aspectTerm
Support	I-aspectTerm
.	T-1

The	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
too	O
slick	T-0
.	O

Nightly	O
my	O
computer	O
defrags	T-1
itself	O
and	O
runs	O
a	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
scan	I-aspectTerm
.	T-0

It	O
's	O
like	O
9	B-aspectTerm
punds	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
if	O
you	O
can	O
look	T-0
past	T-2
it	T-1
,	O
it	O
's	O
GREAT	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
just	O
as	O
fast	T-1
with	O
one	O
program	B-aspectTerm
open	T-0
as	O
it	O
is	O
with	O
sixteen	O
open	O
.	O

Still	O
under	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
so	O
called	O
Toshiba	T-1
,	O
no	O
help	T-0
at	O
all	O
.	O

I	O
was	O
happy	O
with	O
My	O
purchase	O
of	O
a	O
Toshiba	O
Satellite	O
L305D	O
-	O
S5934	O
laptop	O
until	O
it	O
came	O
time	O
to	O
have	O
it	O
repaired	T-0
under	O
the	O
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
Warranty	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Amazing	T-0
Quality	B-aspectTerm
!	O

The	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
spend	O
over	O
$	O
100	O
on	O
just	O
a	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
underscores	T-0
the	O
value	O
of	O
this	O
machine	O
.	O

The	O
fact	O
that	O
you	O
can	O
spend	O
over	O
$	O
100	O
on	O
just	T-0
a	O
webcam	T-1
underscores	O
the	O
value	B-aspectTerm
of	O
this	O
machine	T-2
.	O

I	O
mainly	O
use	T-1
it	T-1
for	T-1
email	O
,	O
internet	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
managing	T-0
personal	O
files	O
(	O
pics	O
,	O
vids	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
mainly	O
use	O
it	O
for	O
email	O
,	O
internet	O
,	O
and	O
managing	B-aspectTerm
personal	I-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
(	O
pics	T-0
,	T-0
vids	T-0
,	T-0
etc	T-0
.	O
)	O
.	O

A	O
month	T-0
or	O
so	O
ago	O
,	O
the	O
freaking	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
just	O
died	T-1
.	O

The	O
system	B-aspectTerm
it	O
comes	O
with	O
does	O
not	O
work	O
properly	T-0
,	O
so	O
when	O
trying	O
to	O
fix	O
the	O
problems	O
with	O
it	O
it	O
started	O
not	O
working	O
at	O
all	O
.	O

Then	O
after	O
4	O
or	O
so	O
months	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
stopped	O
working	T-0
so	O
I	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
buy	O
new	O
hardware	T-1
just	O
to	O
keep	O
this	O
computer	T-2
running	O
.	O

Then	O
after	O
4	O
or	O
so	O
months	O
the	O
charger	T-0
stopped	O
working	O
so	O
I	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
go	O
out	O
and	O
buy	O
new	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
just	O
to	O
keep	T-1
this	T-1
computer	T-1
running	T-1
.	O

If	O
a	O
website	O
ever	O
freezes	T-1
(	O
which	O
is	O
rare	O
)	O
,	O
its	O
really	O
easy	T-0
to	T-0
force	B-aspectTerm
quit	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	T-1
rarely	T-1
works	B-aspectTerm
and	O
when	O
it	O
does	O
it	O
's	O
incredibly	T-0
slow	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
enjoy	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
my	O
MacBook	T-0
Pro	O
laptop	O
allows	O
me	O
to	O
run	T-1
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
on	O
it	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
VMWare	O
program	O
.	O

I	O
also	O
enjoy	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
my	O
MacBook	T-2
Pro	O
laptop	O
allows	O
me	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	T-0
7	T-0
on	O
it	O
by	O
using	T-1
the	T-1
VMWare	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	T-1
to	T-1
navigate	B-aspectTerm
through	T-0
the	O
operating	O
system	O
,	O
to	O
find	O
files	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	O
a	O
lot	O
faster	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
navigate	T-1
through	T-1
the	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
,	O
to	O
find	O
files	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	O
a	O
lot	O
faster	O
!	T-0

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	O
to	O
navigate	T-0
through	O
the	O
operating	T-1
system	T-1
,	O
to	O
find	B-aspectTerm
files	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	O
a	O
lot	O
faster	O
!	O

It	O
's	O
so	O
much	O
easier	T-1
to	O
navigate	T-2
through	O
the	O
operating	T-3
system	O
,	O
to	O
find	O
files	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
a	T-0
lot	T-0
faster	T-0
!	T-0

Purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	T-0
Lap	T-1
top	T-1
it	O
worked	O
good	O
until	O
just	O
after	T-2
the	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
to	O
purchase	O
the	O
extended	B-aspectTerm
warranty	I-aspectTerm
and	O
they	O
refused	T-1
,	O
because	O
they	O
knew	O
it	O
was	O
trouble	T-0
.	O

We	O
upgraded	O
the	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
to	O
four	O
gigabytes	T-0
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
performace	O
increase	O
in	O
speed	O
.	T-1

We	O
upgraded	T-0
the	O
memory	O
to	O
four	O
gigabytes	T-1
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
performace	B-aspectTerm
increase	O
in	O
speed	O
.	O

We	O
upgraded	T-0
the	O
memory	T-2
to	O
four	O
gigabytes	T-1
in	O
order	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
performace	T-3
increase	O
in	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
reality	O
was	O
,	O
it	O
heated	T-1
up	T-1
very	O
quickly	O
,	O
and	O
took	O
way	O
too	O
long	T-0
to	O
do	O
simple	O
things	O
,	O
like	O
opening	B-aspectTerm
my	I-aspectTerm
Documents	I-aspectTerm
folder	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
had	O
always	O
used	O
PCs	O
and	O
been	O
constantly	O
frustrated	O
by	O
the	O
crashing	T-1
and	O
the	O
poorly	T-2
designed	T-2
operating	B-aspectTerm
systems	I-aspectTerm
that	T-0
were	T-0
never	T-0
very	T-0
intuitive	T-0
.	O

Then	O
,	O
within	O
5	O
months	O
,	O
the	O
charger	B-aspectTerm
crapped	T-0
out	O
on	O
me	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
have	O
a	O
iphone	O
or	O
ipod	O
touch	O
you	O
can	O
connect	O
and	O
download	T-0
songs	O
to	O
it	O
at	O
high	T-1
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	T-0
love	T-0
the	T-0
glass	B-aspectTerm
touchpad	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	T-0
I	O
continued	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
computer	O
in	O
AGAIN	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
mother	O
board	O
yet	O
again	O
.	T-0

Â	T-0
I	O
continued	O
to	O
take	O
the	O
computer	O
in	O
AGAIN	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
the	O
hard	O
drive	O
and	O
mother	B-aspectTerm
board	I-aspectTerm
yet	O
again	O
.	T-0

I	T-0
am	T-0
using	T-0
the	T-0
external	B-aspectTerm
speaker-	I-aspectTerm
sound	T-1
is	O
good	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
using	O
the	O
external	T-0
speaker-	T-1
sound	B-aspectTerm
is	O
good	T-2
.	T-1

still	O
testing	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
as	O
i	O
thought	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
better	O
,	O
but	O
am	O
very	O
happy	O
with	O
the	O
upgrade	T-0
.	O

Then	O
HP	O
sends	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
me	O
with	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
screwed	T-0
up	T-0
,	O
not	O
able	O
to	O
connect	T-1
.	O

Oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
do	O
n't	O
forget	O
the	O
expensive	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
to	O
and	O
from	O
HP	T-0
.	O

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	T-1
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Mac	O
software	O
is	O
just	O
so	O
much	O
simpler	T-0
than	O
Microsoft	O
software	O
.	O

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
is	T-1
just	T-1
so	T-1
much	T-1
simpler	T-1
than	T-1
Microsoft	T-1
software	T-1
.	T-0

Everything	O
is	O
so	O
easy	O
to	O
use	T-0
,	O
Mac	T-1
software	T-2
is	O
just	O
so	O
much	O
simpler	T-3
than	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
writing	O
,	O
editing	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
problem	T-0
since	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
O	O
forward	O
delete	O
I-aspectTerm	O
key	O
.	O

And	O
if	O
you	O
do	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
writing	O
,	O
editing	T-1
is	O
a	O
problem	O
since	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
O	T-0
forward	T-0
delete	B-aspectTerm
I-aspectTerm	I-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Its	T-0
ease	T-0
of	T-0
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
top	T-1
service	O
from	O
Apple-	O
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	O
assistance	O
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	O
bar-	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	O

Its	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
and	O
the	O
top	O
service	B-aspectTerm
from	O
Apple-	T-0
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	O
assistance	O
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	O
bar-	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	T-0

Its	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
and	O
the	O
top	T-1
service	T-1
from	O
Apple-	O
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	B-aspectTerm
assistance	I-aspectTerm
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	O
bar-	O
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	T-0

Its	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
and	O
the	O
top	O
service	O
from	O
Apple-	T-0
be	O
it	O
their	O
phone	T-1
assistance	O
or	O
bellying	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
genius	B-aspectTerm
bar-	I-aspectTerm
can	O
not	O
be	O
beat	O
.	T-0

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	T-0
browsing	T-0
and	T-0
word	T-0
editing	T-0
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	T-1
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	O
and	O
movie	O
playing	O
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	O
life	O
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-1
life	T-1
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
word	T-0
editing	T-0
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	O
and	O
movie	O
playing	O
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	O
life	O
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-0
life	O
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	O
browsing	O
and	O
word	B-aspectTerm
editing	I-aspectTerm
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	T-1
and	T-1
movie	T-1
playing	T-1
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	O
life	O
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-3
life	T-3
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	T-1
browsing	T-1
and	O
word	T-2
editing	T-2
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
and	O
movie	O
playing	O
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	T-0
life	T-0
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-1
life	O
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	O
browsing	O
and	O
word	O
editing	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	T-2
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	T-3
and	O
movie	B-aspectTerm
playing	I-aspectTerm
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	T-0
life	T-0
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
has	O
a	O
10	O
hour	O
battery	T-2
life	O
when	O
you	O
're	O
doing	O
web	O
browsing	T-3
and	O
word	O
editing	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
perfect	O
for	O
the	O
classroom	O
or	O
office	T-0
,	O
and	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
gaming	T-1
and	O
movie	O
playing	O
it	O
'll	O
have	O
a	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
of	O
just	O
over	O
5	O
hours	O
.	O

Acer	O
has	O
set	O
me	O
up	O
with	O
FREE	T-1
recovery	B-aspectTerm
discs	I-aspectTerm
,	O
when	T-0
they	T-0
are	T-0
available	T-0
since	O
I	O
asked	T-2
.	O

I	O
also	O
purchased	T-1
Office	B-aspectTerm
Max	I-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
Max	I-aspectTerm
Assurance	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
"	O
no	T-2
lemon	T-2
"	O
clause	T-3
.	T-0

I	O
eventually	O
did	T-2
the	T-2
migration	T-2
from	O
my	O
iMac	B-aspectTerm
backup	I-aspectTerm
disc	I-aspectTerm
which	T-3
uses	T-3
USB	T-3
.	T-0

I	O
eventually	O
did	O
the	O
migration	T-0
from	O
my	O
iMac	T-1
backup	T-2
disc	T-3
which	T-3
uses	T-3
USB	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
be	O
very	O
good	T-0
,	O
and	O
have	O
had	O
no	O
issues	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

Enabling	T-0
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
timer	I-aspectTerm
is	O
useless	T-1
.	O

Temperatures	B-aspectTerm
on	O
the	O
outside	T-1
were	O
alright	O
but	O
i	O
did	O
not	O
track	O
in	O
Core	O
Processing	O
Unit	O
temperatures	T-0
.	O

Temperatures	O
on	O
the	O
outside	O
were	O
alright	O
but	O
i	O
did	O
not	O
track	T-1
in	T-1
Core	B-aspectTerm
Processing	I-aspectTerm
Unit	I-aspectTerm
temperatures	I-aspectTerm
.	T-0

Going	O
to	O
bring	O
it	O
to	O
service	B-aspectTerm
today	O
.	T-0

There	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
purchase	T-1
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
saves	T-0
me	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
time	O
and	O
money	O
.	O

But	O
we	O
had	O
paid	T-1
for	O
bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
there	O
was	O
none	T-2
.	T-0

So	O
,	O
I	O
paid	T-0
a	O
visit	O
to	O
LG	B-aspectTerm
notebook	I-aspectTerm
service	I-aspectTerm
center	I-aspectTerm
at	O
Alexandra	O
Road	O
,	O
hoping	O
they	O
can	O
make	O
the	O
hinge	T-1
tighter	T-1
.	O

So	O
,	O
I	O
paid	O
a	O
visit	O
to	O
LG	O
notebook	T-0
service	T-0
center	T-0
at	O
Alexandra	O
Road	O
,	O
hoping	O
they	O
can	O
make	O
the	O
hinge	B-aspectTerm
tighter	T-1
.	O

It	O
is	O
always	O
reliable	T-0
,	O
never	T-1
bugged	T-2
and	O
responds	B-aspectTerm
well	O
.	O

After	O
about	O
a	O
week	O
I	O
finally	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
had	O
failed	T-0
and	O
so	O
they	O
installed	T-1
a	O
new	O
motherboard	T-2
.	O

After	O
about	O
a	O
week	O
I	O
finally	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
was	O
told	O
that	O
the	O
motherboard	T-0
had	O
failed	T-2
and	O
so	O
they	O
installed	T-1
a	O
new	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

they	O
had	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
in	O
April	T-0

Yes	O
,	O
the	O
computer	O
was	O
light	O
weight	O
,	O
less	O
expensive	O
than	O
the	O
average	T-1
laptop	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
pretty	T-0
self	O
explantory	O
in	O
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Also	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
a	O
representive	B-aspectTerm
at	I-aspectTerm
Microsoft	I-aspectTerm
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
charge	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
believe	T-0
is	O
robbery	O
,	O
since	O
you	O
are	O
charged	O
enormous	O
amounts	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
badly	O
designed	T-1
system	O
,	O
which	O
most	O
people	O
would	O
have	O
went	O
with	O
XP	O
if	O
they	O
could	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
a	O
representive	O
at	O
Microsoft	T-0
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
charge	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
believe	O
is	O
robbery	O
,	O
since	O
you	O
are	O
charged	T-1
enormous	T-1
amounts	T-1
for	O
a	O
very	O
badly	O
designed	T-2
system	B-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
most	O
people	O
would	O
have	O
went	O
with	O
XP	O
if	O
they	O
could	O
.	O

Also	O
,	O
if	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
talk	O
to	O
a	O
representive	O
at	O
Microsoft	T-0
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
charge	O
,	O
which	O
I	O
believe	O
is	O
robbery	O
,	O
since	O
you	O
are	O
charged	O
enormous	O
amounts	O
for	O
a	O
very	O
badly	O
designed	O
system	T-1
,	O
which	O
most	O
people	O
would	O
have	O
went	O
with	O
XP	B-aspectTerm
if	O
they	O
could	O
.	O

I	O
love	T-1
WIndows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
which	T-0
is	O
a	O
vast	O
improvment	T-2
over	O
Vista	O
.	O

I	O
love	O
WIndows	O
7	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
vast	T-1
improvment	T-1
over	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	T-0

Keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
very	O
quiet	T-0
for	O
all	O
the	O
typing	T-1
that	O
I	O
do	O
.	O

Dell	B-aspectTerm
's	I-aspectTerm
customer	I-aspectTerm
disservice	I-aspectTerm
is	O
an	O
insult	O
to	O
it	O
's	O
customers	T-1
who	O
pay	O
good	O
money	O
for	O
shoddy	T-0
products	T-2
.	O

It	O
had	O
a	O
cooling	T-0
system	O
malfunction	T-1
after	O
10	O
minutes	O
of	O
general	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
would	O
not	O
move	O
past	O
this	O
error	T-2
.	O

I	O
can	O
render	O
AVCHD	O
movies	O
with	O
little	T-0
effort	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
a	O
problem	O
for	O
most	O
pc	O
's	O
unless	O
you	O
had	O
a	O
quad	B-aspectTerm
core	I-aspectTerm
I7	I-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
talking	T-0
it	T-0
over	T-0
with	O
the	O
very	O
knowledgeable	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
associate	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
chose	O
the	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
over	O
the	O
white	O
MacBook	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
really	O
want	O
a	O
bang	O
-	O
up	O
system	B-aspectTerm
and	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
run	O
Windows	T-0
applications	T-1
,	O
go	O
with	O
an	O
Apple	T-2
;	O

If	O
you	O
really	O
want	O
a	O
bang	O
-	O
up	O
system	O
and	O
do	O
n't	O
need	O
to	O
run	T-0
Windows	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
,	O
go	O
with	O
an	O
Apple	O
;	O

You	O
wo	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
spend	O
gobs	O
of	O
money	O
on	O
some	O
inefficient	T-2
virus	B-aspectTerm
program	I-aspectTerm
that	O
needs	T-3
to	T-3
be	T-3
updated	T-3
every	O
month	O
and	O
that	O
constantly	O
drains	T-1
your	O
wallet	O
.	O

It	T-1
weighed	B-aspectTerm
like	O
seven	O
pounds	O
or	O
something	T-0
like	O
that	O
.	O

It	O
weighed	T-0
like	O
seven	B-aspectTerm
pounds	I-aspectTerm
or	O
something	O
like	O
that	O
.	O

You	O
may	O
need	T-1
to	O
special	T-0
order	O
a	O
bag	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
's	O
color	B-aspectTerm
is	T-1
even	T-0
cool	T-2
.	O

keys	B-aspectTerm
are	O
all	O
in	O
weird	T-0
places	T-0
and	O
is	O
way	O
too	O
large	T-1
for	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
is	O
designed	T-2
.	O

keys	O
are	O
all	O
in	O
weird	O
places	O
and	O
is	O
way	O
too	O
large	T-1
for	O
the	O
way	T-0
it	T-0
is	T-0
designed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
a	O
Mac	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
money	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
laptop	O
out	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
comparison	T-0
in	O
style	B-aspectTerm
,	O
speed	O
and	O
just	O
cool	O
factor	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
a	O
Mac	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
money	O
than	O
the	O
average	O
laptop	O
out	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
comparison	T-0
in	O
style	O
,	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
and	O
just	O
cool	O
factor	O
.	O

The	T-0
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
feels	O
good	O
and	O
I	O
type	T-1
just	T-1
fine	T-1
on	T-1
it	O
.	O

I	O
thought	O
the	O
white	O
Mac	O
computers	O
looked	T-0
dirty	O
too	O
quicly	O
where	O
you	O
use	O
the	O
mousepad	B-aspectTerm
and	O
where	O
you	O
place	O
your	O
hands	O
when	O
typing	O
.	O

And	O
not	O
to	O
mention	O
after	O
using	O
it	O
for	O
a	O
few	O
months	O
or	O
so	O
,	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
will	O
slowly	O
less	O
and	O
less	O
hold	O
a	O
charge	O
until	O
you	O
ca	O
n't	O
leave	O
it	O
unplugged	T-0
for	O
more	O
than	O
5	O
minutes	T-2
without	O
the	O
thing	O
dying	T-1
.	O

BEST	O
BUY	O
-	O
5	O
STARS	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
(	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
,	O
service	O
,	O
respect	O
for	O
old	O
men	O
who	O
are	O
n't	O
familiar	T-0
with	O
the	O
technology	O
)	O
DELL	O
COMPUTERS	T-1
-	O
3	O
stars	O
DELL	O
SUPPORT	T-2
-	O
owes	O
a	O
me	O
a	O
couple	O

BEST	O
BUY	O
-	O
5	O
STARS	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
(	O
sales	O
,	O
service	B-aspectTerm
,	O
respect	T-0
for	O
old	O
men	O
who	O
are	O
n't	O
familiar	O
with	O
the	O
technology	O
)	O
DELL	O
COMPUTERS	O
-	O
3	O
stars	O
DELL	O
SUPPORT	O
-	O
owes	O
a	O
me	O
a	O
couple	O

BEST	O
BUY	O
-	O
5	O
STARS	O
+	O
+	O
+	O
(	O
sales	O
,	O
service	O
,	O
respect	O
for	O
old	O
men	O
who	O
are	O
n't	O
familiar	T-1
with	O
the	O
technology	O
)	O
DELL	O
COMPUTERS	O
-	O
3	T-0
stars	T-0
DELL	B-aspectTerm
SUPPORT	I-aspectTerm
-	O
owes	O
a	O
me	O
a	O
couple	O

no	O
complaints	O
with	O
their	O
desktop	T-1
,	O
and	O
maybe	O
because	O
it	O
just	O
sits	O
on	O
your	O
desktop	T-2
,	O
and	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
carry	O
it	O
around	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
jar	T-0
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
,	O
or	O
the	O
motherboard	O
.	O

no	O
complaints	O
with	O
their	O
desktop	T-0
,	O
and	O
maybe	O
because	O
it	O
just	O
sits	O
on	O
your	O
desktop	T-1
,	O
and	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
carry	O
it	O
around	O
,	O
which	O
could	O
jar	O
the	O
hard	T-2
drive	T-2
,	O
or	O
the	O
motherboard	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
speed	O
,	O
construction	O
quality	T-0
,	O
and	O
longevity	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	O
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	O
up	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
construction	O
quality	T-0
,	O
and	O
longevity	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	O
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	T-0
up	O
for	O
it	O
in	O
speed	T-1
,	O
construction	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
longevity	O
.	O

Yes	O
,	O
they	O
cost	O
more	O
,	O
but	O
they	O
more	O
than	O
make	T-0
up	T-0
for	T-0
it	T-0
in	T-0
speed	T-1
,	T-1
construction	T-1
quality	T-1
,	O
and	O
longevity	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Since	O
I	O
keyboard	T-0
over	O
100	O
wpm	O
,	O
I	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
unit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
comfortble	T-3
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
(	O
no	O
keys	T-1
sticking	O
or	O
lagging	O
,	O
strange	O
configuration	T-2
of	O
"	O
extra	O
key	O
"	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

Since	O
I	O
keyboard	T-0
over	O
100	O
wpm	O
,	O
I	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
unit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
comfortble	O
keyboard	T-1
(	O
no	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
sticking	O
or	O
lagging	O
,	O
strange	O
configuration	T-2
of	O
"	O
extra	O
key	O
"	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

Since	O
I	O
keyboard	O
over	O
100	O
wpm	T-1
,	O
I	O
look	O
for	O
a	O
unit	O
that	O
has	O
a	O
comfortble	O
keyboard	T-0
(	O
no	O
keys	O
sticking	O
or	O
lagging	O
,	O
strange	O
configuration	B-aspectTerm
of	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
extra	I-aspectTerm
key	I-aspectTerm
"	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	O

)	O
I	O
also	O
tried	O
the	O
touch	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	O
compared	O
it	O
to	O
other	O
netbooks	T-0
in	O
the	O
store	O
.	O

It	O
absolutely	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
most	O
PC	O
laptops	T-0
,	O
but	O
the	O
ease	O
of	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	O
security	T-1
,	O
and	O
minimal	O
problems	O
that	O
have	O
arisen	O
make	O
it	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
pricetag	O
.	O

It	O
absolutely	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
most	O
PC	T-0
laptops	T-3
,	O
but	O
the	O
ease	T-1
of	T-1
use	T-1
,	O
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
minimal	T-2
problems	T-2
that	O
have	O
arisen	O
make	O
it	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
pricetag	O
.	O

It	O
absolutely	O
is	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
most	O
PC	T-0
laptops	T-0
,	O
but	O
the	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
,	O
security	T-1
,	O
and	O
minimal	O
problems	O
that	O
have	O
arisen	O
make	O
it	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
pricetag	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
It	O
gets	O
stuck	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
you	O
use	B-aspectTerm
it	O
,	O
and	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
keep	O
tapping	T-1
on	O
it	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
work	O
.	T-0

Â	O
It	O
gets	O
stuck	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
you	O
use	O
it	T-0
,	T-0
and	T-0
you	O
have	O
to	O
keep	O
tapping	O
on	T-1
it	T-1
to	T-1
get	O
it	O
to	O
work	B-aspectTerm
.	O

lots	T-0
of	O
preloaded	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
wish	O
it	O
had	T-1
a	T-1
webcam	B-aspectTerm
though	T-0
,	O
then	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
perfect	O
!	O

My	O
favorite	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
vga	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
so	O
I	O
can	O
connect	T-1
it	O
to	T-2
a	O
bigger	T-0
screen	O
.	O

My	O
favorite	O
part	O
of	O
this	O
computer	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
vga	O
port	O
so	O
I	O
can	O
connect	T-0
it	O
to	O
a	O
bigger	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Another	O
thing	O
I	O
might	O
add	T-0
is	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
is	O
excellent	T-1
.	O

One	O
drawback	O
,	O
I	O
wish	O
the	O
keys	B-aspectTerm
were	O
backlit	T-0
.	O

Acer	O
was	O
no	O
help	O
and	O
Garmin	O
could	O
not	O
determine	T-0
the	O
problem(after	O
spending	O
about	O
2	O
hours	O
with	O
me	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
returned	O
it	O
and	O
purchased	O
a	O
Toshiba	T-1
R700	T-1
that	O
seems	O
even	O
nicer	O
and	O
I	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
load	O
all	O
of	O
my	O
software	B-aspectTerm
with	O
no	O
problem	O
.	O

I	O
wish	O
the	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
could	O
be	O
louder	T-1
and	O
the	O
mouse	O
did	O
nt	O
break	O
after	O
only	O
a	O
month	T-0
.	O

I	O
wish	O
the	O
volume	T-1
could	O
be	O
louder	O
and	O
the	O
mouse	B-aspectTerm
did	O
nt	O
break	T-0
after	O
only	O
a	O
month	O
.	O

I	O
play	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
casual	O
games	T-0
online	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
touchpad	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
responsive	T-1
.	O

Granted	T-0
,	O
it	O
's	O
still	O
a	O
very	O
new	O
laptop	O
but	O
in	O
comparison	O
to	O
my	O
previous	O
laptops	T-1
and	O
desktops	O
,	O
my	O
Mac	O
boots	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
noticeably	O
quicker	O
.	O

It	O
caught	O
a	O
virus	O
that	O
completely	O
wiped	T-0
out	T-0
my	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
in	O
a	O
matter	T-1
of	O
hours	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
everything	O
I	O
'd	O
hoped	T-0
it	O
would	O
be	O
from	T-2
a	O
look	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
feel	I-aspectTerm
standpoint	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
somehow	O
a	O
bit	O
more	O
sturdy	T-3
.	T-1

the	O
only	O
fact	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
like	O
about	O
apples	O
is	T-1
they	T-1
generally	T-1
use	T-1
safari	B-aspectTerm
and	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
use	O
safari	O
but	O
after	O
i	O
install	O
Mozzilla	O
firfox	O
i	O
love	O
every	O
single	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
.	T-0

the	O
only	O
fact	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
like	T-0
about	O
apples	O
is	O
they	O
generally	O
use	O
safari	T-1
and	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
use	O
safari	B-aspectTerm
but	O
after	O
i	O
install	T-2
Mozzilla	O
firfox	O
i	O
love	O
every	O
single	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

the	O
only	O
fact	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
like	O
about	O
apples	O
is	O
they	O
generally	O
use	O
safari	O
and	O
i	O
do	O
nt	O
use	O
safari	O
but	O
after	O
i	O
install	T-1
Mozzilla	B-aspectTerm
firfox	I-aspectTerm
i	T-0
love	T-0
every	O
single	O
bit	O
about	O
it	O
.	O

The	O
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
there	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fingerprint	T-0
reader	T-0
driver	T-1
would	O
be	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
software	T-2
would	O
hang	O
after	O
installation	T-3
was	O
1/2	O
way	O
done	O
.	O

The	O
Bluetooth	O
was	O
not	O
there	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fingerprint	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
driver	I-aspectTerm
would	O
be	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
software	T-0
would	O
hang	O
after	O
installation	O
was	O
1/2	O
way	O
done	O
.	T-1

The	O
Bluetooth	T-1
was	O
not	O
there	O
at	O
all	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
fingerprint	T-2
reader	T-2
driver	T-2
would	O
be	O
there	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
would	T-0
hang	T-0
after	O
installation	O
was	O
1/2	O
way	O
done	O
.	O

Great	O
battery	T-1
,	O
speed	B-aspectTerm
,	O
display	T-0
.	T-0

Great	O
battery	T-0
,	O
speed	T-1
,	O
display	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	T-1
delivery	B-aspectTerm
was	T-2
fast	T-2
,	O
and	O
I	O
would	O
not	O
hesitate	O
to	O
purchase	O
this	O
laptop	O
again	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
the	O
performance	T-0
for	O
such	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	T-1
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
impressed	O
with	O
the	O
battery	O
life	O
and	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
for	O
such	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	T-0
.	O

I	O
've	O
been	O
impressed	T-0
with	O
the	O
battery	T-1
life	O
and	O
the	O
performance	O
for	O
such	O
a	O
small	O
amount	O
of	O
memory	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	T-1
's	T-1
applications	B-aspectTerm
are	O
terrific	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
replacements	T-0
for	O
Microsoft	O
office	O
.	O

It	O
's	O
applications	T-0
are	O
terrific	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
replacements	T-1
for	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
office	I-aspectTerm
.	O

they	O
improved	O
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	B-aspectTerm
,	O
appearance	T-0
,	O
cooling	T-1
system	T-1
,	O
graphics	T-2
card	T-2
,	O
etc	O
.	O

they	O
improved	T-0
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	O
,	O
appearance	B-aspectTerm
,	O
cooling	O
system	O
,	O
graphics	O
card	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

they	O
improved	T-1
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	T-0
,	O
appearance	O
,	O
cooling	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
,	O
graphics	O
card	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O

they	O
improved	T-4
nothing	O
else	O
such	O
as	O
Resolution	T-0
,	O
appearance	T-1
,	O
cooling	T-2
system	T-2
,	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
,	O
etc	O
.	T-3

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
webcam	I-aspectTerm
and	O
built	T-2
-	T-2
in	T-2
mic	T-2
were	O
shorting	T-0
out	T-0
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	T-1
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	O
and	O
mic	O
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
webcam	O
and	O
built	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
in	I-aspectTerm
mic	I-aspectTerm
were	O
shorting	T-0
out	O
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	O
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	O
and	O
mic	O
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
webcam	O
and	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
mic	O
were	O
shorting	T-0
out	O
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	O
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	T-1
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	B-aspectTerm
and	O
mic	O
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

I	O
got	O
it	O
back	O
and	O
my	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
webcam	T-0
and	O
built	O
-	O
in	O
mic	O
were	O
shorting	O
out	O
anytime	O
I	O
touched	O
the	O
lid	O
,	O
(	O
mind	O
you	O
this	O
was	O
my	O
means	O
of	O
communication	O
with	O
my	O
fiance	O
who	O
was	O
deployed	O
)	O
but	O
I	O
suffered	O
thru	O
it	O
and	O
would	O
constandly	O
have	O
to	O
reset	O
the	O
computer	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
use	O
my	O
cam	O
and	O
mic	B-aspectTerm
anytime	O
they	O
went	O
out	O
.	O

My	O
dad	O
has	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
very	O
first	O
Toshibas	O
ever	O
made	O
,	O
yes	O
its	O
abit	O
slow	O
now	O
but	O
still	T-0
works	T-1
well	O
and	O
i	O
hooked	O
to	O
my	O
ethernet	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Mostly	O
I	O
love	T-0
the	O
drag	B-aspectTerm
and	I-aspectTerm
drop	I-aspectTerm
feature	I-aspectTerm
.	T-1

oh	O
yeah	O
,	O
and	O
if	O
the	O
fancy	O
webcam	B-aspectTerm
breaks	O
guess	O
who	O
you	O
have	O
to	O
send	O
it	O
to	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	T-0
?	T-1

I	O
ordered	O
through	O
MacMall	T-0
,	O
which	O
saved	O
me	O
the	O
sales	B-aspectTerm
tax	I-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
have	O
incurred	O
buying	O
locally	O
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	O
software	B-aspectTerm
packages	I-aspectTerm
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	O
including	O
iWork	T-0
,	O
GarageBand	T-1
,	O
and	O
iMovie	T-2
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	O
software	T-2
packages	O
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	O
including	O
iWork	B-aspectTerm
,	O
GarageBand	T-0
,	O
and	O
iMovie	T-1
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	T-0
software	T-3
packages	T-3
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	T-1
including	T-2
iWork	O
,	O
GarageBand	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
iMovie	O
.	O

Of	O
course	O
,	O
I	O
also	O
have	O
several	O
great	O
software	T-0
packages	O
that	O
came	O
for	O
free	O
including	O
iWork	T-1
,	O
GarageBand	O
,	O
and	O
iMovie	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	T-0
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
very	O
large	O
and	O
crystal	O
clear	O
with	O
amazing	O
colors	T-1
and	O
resolution	O
.	O

The	O
screen	T-1
is	O
very	O
large	O
and	O
crystal	O
clear	O
with	O
amazing	T-0
colors	T-0
and	O
resolution	B-aspectTerm
.	O

After	O
a	O
little	O
more	T-2
than	O
a	O
year	O
of	O
owning	O
my	O
MacBook	T-0
Pro	T-0
,	O
the	O
monitor	B-aspectTerm
has	O
completely	O
died	T-1
.	O

The	O
brand	O
of	O
iTunes	B-aspectTerm
has	O
just	O
become	O
ingrained	O
in	O
our	O
lexicon	T-0
now	O
,	O
but	O
keep	O
in	O
mind	O
that	O
Apple	O
started	O
it	O
all	O
.	O

Size	B-aspectTerm
:	O
I	O
know	T-0
13	O
is	O
small	O
(	O
especially	O
for	O
a	O
desktop	T-1
replacement	O
)	O
but	O
with	O
an	O
external	O
monitor	T-2
,	O
who	O
cares	O
.	O

Size	O
:	O
I	O
know	O
13	T-0
is	O
small	O
(	O
especially	O
for	O
a	O
desktop	T-1
replacement	O
)	O
but	O
with	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
monitor	I-aspectTerm
,	O
who	O
cares	O
.	O

Additional	O
caveat	O
:	O
the	O
base	B-aspectTerm
installation	I-aspectTerm
comes	T-0
with	O
some	O
Toshiba	T-2
-	T-2
specific	T-2
software	T-2
that	O
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
to	O
a	O
user	T-1
's	T-1
liking	T-1
.	O

Additional	O
caveat	O
:	O
the	O
base	O
installation	O
comes	O
with	O
some	O
Toshiba	O
-	O
specific	O
software	B-aspectTerm
that	T-0
may	O
or	O
may	O
not	O
be	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
liking	O
.	O

Â	O
Taking	O
it	O
back	O
to	O
Best	O
Buy	O
I	O
found	O
that	O
a	O
tiny	O
plastic	O
piece	O
inside	O
had	O
broken	O
(	O
manuf	B-aspectTerm
issue	O
)	O
.	T-0

The	T-0
display	B-aspectTerm
is	O
incredibly	O
bright	T-1
,	O
much	O
brighter	O
than	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
and	O
very	O
crisp	O
.	O

The	O
AMD	B-aspectTerm
Turin	I-aspectTerm
processor	I-aspectTerm
seems	O
to	O
always	O
perform	T-0
so	O
much	T-1
better	O
than	O
Intel	O
.	O

The	O
AMD	T-1
Turin	T-1
processor	T-1
seems	O
to	O
always	O
perform	O
so	O
much	T-2
better	T-2
than	O
Intel	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
After	T-1
that	O
the	O
said	O
it	O
was	O
under	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	T-2

The	O
start	B-aspectTerm
menu	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
the	O
easiest	O
thing	T-0
to	T-0
navigate	T-1
due	O
to	O
the	O
stacking	O
.	O

The	O
start	O
menu	O
is	O
not	O
the	O
easiest	T-0
thing	O
to	O
navigate	B-aspectTerm
due	O
to	O
the	O
stacking	O
.	O

The	O
service	B-aspectTerm
tech	I-aspectTerm
said	O
he	O
had	O
tried	O
to	O
duplicate	T-0
the	O
damage	O
and	O
was	O
n't	O
able	O
to	O
recreate	O
it	O
therefore	O
it	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
their	O
defect	O
.	O

The	T-1
tech	B-aspectTerm
store	I-aspectTerm
I	T-2
purchased	T-2
this	T-2
from	T-2
sent	O
it	O
back,,,,,eventually	O
I	O
got	O
a	O
new	T-0
or	T-0
repaired	T-0
machine	T-0
approximately	O
3	O
weeks	O
later	O
.	O

Really	O
like	O
the	O
textured	T-1
surface	B-aspectTerm
which	O
shows	T-0
no	O
fingerprints	O
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
bright	O
and	O
the	O
keyboard	T-1
is	O
nice	T-0
;	O

The	O
screen	T-2
is	O
bright	T-1
and	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	O
nice	T-0
;	O

But	O
the	O
machine	T-1
is	O
awesome	T-0
and	O
iLife	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
and	O
I	O
love	O
Snow	O
Leopard	O
X.	O

But	O
the	O
machine	T-1
is	O
awesome	O
and	O
iLife	O
is	O
great	T-0
and	O
I	O
love	O
Snow	B-aspectTerm
Leopard	I-aspectTerm
X.	I-aspectTerm

High	T-1
price	B-aspectTerm
tag	I-aspectTerm
,	O
however	T-0
.	O

I	T-1
thought	T-1
learning	T-1
the	T-1
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
would	T-0
be	O
hard	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
easily	O
picked	O
up	O
if	O
you	O
are	O
familiar	O
with	O
a	O
PC	T-2
.	O

I	O
had	O
static	O
in	O
the	O
output	T-1
,	O
and	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
output	I-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
to	O
"	O
FM	T-0
"	O
as	O
opposed	T-2
to	T-2
the	T-2
default	T-2
"	O
CD	O
.	O

I	O
custom	O
ordered	O
the	O
machine	O
from	O
HP	O
and	O
could	O
NOT	O
understand	T-0
the	O
techie	B-aspectTerm
due	O
to	O
his	O
accent	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
easy	T-0
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
lightweight	T-1
.	O

I	T-1
went	T-1
to	T-1
Toshiba	B-aspectTerm
online	I-aspectTerm
help	I-aspectTerm
and	O
found	O
some	O
suggestions	O
to	O
fix	T-0
it	T-0
.	O

They	T-0
also	T-0
have	T-0
a	T-0
longer	T-0
service	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
than	O
other	O
computers	T-1
(	O
I	O
have	O
several	O
friends	O
who	O
still	O
use	O
the	O
older	O
Apple	O
PowerBooks	O
)	O
.	O

If	O
you	O
check	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
the	O
same	O
notebook	T-1
with	O
the	O
above	O
missing	T-0
ports	B-aspectTerm
and	O
a	T-2
dual	T-2
core	T-2
AMD	T-2
or	O
Intel	T-3
processor	T-3
.	O

If	O
you	O
check	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
the	O
same	T-0
notebook	T-1
with	O
the	O
above	O
missing	O
ports	O
and	O
a	O
dual	O
core	T-2
AMD	O
or	O
Intel	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
laptop	T-1
is	O
a	O
great	T-0
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
has	O
a	O
sleek	T-2
look	O
.	O

This	O
laptop	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
price	O
and	O
has	O
a	O
sleek	T-0
look	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
especially	O
like	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
which	O
has	O
chiclet	O
type	O
keys	T-0
.	O

I	O
especially	O
like	O
the	O
keyboard	T-0
which	O
has	O
chiclet	T-1
type	T-1
keys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Small	T-0
screen	B-aspectTerm
somewhat	T-1
limiting	T-1
but	O
great	T-2
for	O
travel	T-3
.	T-3

Runs	O
Hot	O
O	O
I	O
thought	O
we	O
were	O
paying	T-0
for	T-0
quality	B-aspectTerm
in	O
our	O
decision	O
to	O
buy	O
an	O
Apple	O
product	O
.	O

For	O
the	O
not	O
so	O
good	O
,	O
I	O
got	O
the	O
stock	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
-	O
which	O
is	O
VERY	O
glossy	T-0
.	O

The	T-0
gray	B-aspectTerm
color	I-aspectTerm
was	T-1
a	T-1
good	T-1
choice	T-1
.	T-2

I	O
would	O
like	T-0
to	O
have	O
volume	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
rather	O
than	O
the	O
adjustment	T-1
that	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
a	O
AMD	O
Semprom	O
at	O
2.1	O
ghz	O
is	O
a	O
bummer	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
power	T-0
for	O
HD	T-1
or	O
heavy	O
computing	O
.	O

The	O
processor	O
a	O
AMD	O
Semprom	T-0
at	O
2.1	O
ghz	O
is	O
a	O
bummer	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
have	O
the	O
power	O
for	O
HD	O
or	O
heavy	O
computing	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
bought	T-0
a	O
protector	B-aspectTerm
for	O
my	O
key	T-1
pad	T-1
and	O
it	O
works	O
great	O
:)	O

I	O
bought	O
a	O
protector	O
for	O
my	O
key	B-aspectTerm
pad	I-aspectTerm
and	T-1
it	O
works	O
great	T-0
:)	T-0

It	O
seems	O
they	O
could	O
have	O
updated	T-1
XP	B-aspectTerm
and	O
done	O
without	O
creating	O
Vista	O
.	T-0

It	O
seems	O
they	O
could	O
have	O
updated	T-1
XP	O
and	O
done	T-0
without	O
creating	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
,	T-1
fast	O
and	O
has	O
great	O
graphics	O
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	T-1

Â	O
It	O
is	O
easy	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
fast	T-1
and	T-1
has	O
great	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
money	O
.	T-0

I	O
like	O
how	O
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
is	O
so	O
simple	T-0
and	O
easy	T-1
to	O
use	O
.	O

I	O
like	O
how	O
the	O
Mac	O
OS	O
is	O
so	O
simple	O
and	O
easy	T-0
to	T-0
use	B-aspectTerm
.	O

While	O
Apple	O
's	O
saving	O
grace	O
is	O
the	O
fact	O
that	O
they	O
at	O
least	O
stand	T-2
behind	O
their	O
products	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
support	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
nice	O
if	O
their	O
products	O
were	O
more	O
reliable	O
to	O
justify	T-0
the	O
premium	T-1
.	O

I	O
was	O
ready	O
to	O
take	O
it	O
back	O
for	O
a	O
refund	T-1
,	O
but	O
the	O
Geek	B-aspectTerm
Squad	I-aspectTerm
camed	T-2
through	O
and	O
pointed	T-3
me	O
in	O
the	O
right	O
direction	O
to	O
get	O
it	O
fixed	O
.	T-0

only	O
good	T-0
thing	O
is	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
quality	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
other	O
lock	T-0
-	T-0
up	T-0
problems	T-0
are	O
from	O
a	O
myriad	O
of	O
causes	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
being	O
a	O
corrupted	O
version	O
of	O
Appleworks	B-aspectTerm
which	O
can	O
render	T-1
the	T-1
browser	T-1
useless	T-1
.	O

The	O
other	O
lock	T-0
-	T-0
up	T-0
problems	O
are	O
from	O
a	O
myriad	O
of	O
causes	O
,	O
the	O
most	O
common	O
being	O
a	O
corrupted	T-1
version	O
of	O
Appleworks	O
which	O
can	O
render	O
the	O
browser	B-aspectTerm
useless	O
.	O

The	O
paint	B-aspectTerm
wears	O
off	O
easily	T-0
due	O
to	O
the	O
keyboard	T-1
being	O
farther	O
back	O
than	O
usual	O
.	O

The	O
paint	T-1
wears	T-1
off	T-1
easily	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
being	O
farther	T-0
back	T-0
than	O
usual	O
.	O

I	O
had	O
purchased	O
it	O
from	O
a	O
major	O
electronics	T-0
store	O
and	O
took	O
it	O
to	O
their	O
service	B-aspectTerm
department	I-aspectTerm
to	O
find	O
out	O
what	O
the	O
problem	T-1
was	O
.	O

The	O
store	O
honored	T-0
their	O
warrenty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
made	O
the	O
comment	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
even	O
recommend	O
the	O
HP	O
brand	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
problems	T-1
with	O
their	O
warrentys	O
.	O

The	O
store	O
honored	O
their	O
warrenty	T-0
and	O
made	O
the	O
comment	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
n't	O
even	O
recommend	T-3
the	O
HP	T-1
brand	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
problems	T-2
with	O
their	O
warrentys	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
always	O
use	O
a	O
backup	T-0
hard	B-aspectTerm
disk	I-aspectTerm
to	O
store	O
important	O
files	O
at	O
all	O
times	O
.	O

They	O
sent	O
out	O
the	O
box	O
right	O
away	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
in	O
my	O
computer	O
,	O
they	O
paid	T-1
postage	O
and	O
whatnot	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
I	O
got	O
my	O
computer	O
back	O
it	O
still	O
was	O
n't	O
running	B-aspectTerm
right	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
my	O
CD	O
drive	O
was	O
n't	O
reading	T-0
anything	O
!	O

They	O
sent	O
out	O
the	O
box	O
right	O
away	O
for	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
in	O
my	O
computer	T-0
,	O
they	O
paid	O
postage	O
and	O
whatnot	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
I	O
got	O
my	O
computer	T-1
back	O
it	O
still	O
was	O
n't	O
running	O
right	O
,	O
and	O
now	O
my	O
CD	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
was	O
n't	O
reading	T-2
anything	O
!	O

But	T-0
the	T-0
screen	B-aspectTerm
size	I-aspectTerm
is	O
not	O
that	O
bad	O
for	O
email	O
and	O
web	O
browsing	T-1
.	O

But	O
the	O
screen	T-0
size	T-1
is	O
not	O
that	O
bad	O
for	O
email	T-2
and	O
web	B-aspectTerm
browsing	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Once	O
I	O
removed	O
all	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
the	O
laptop	O
loads	T-1
in	O
15	O
-	O
20	O
seconds	T-0
.	O

Once	O
I	O
removed	T-0
all	O
the	O
software	O
the	O
laptop	O
loads	B-aspectTerm
in	O
15	O
-	O
20	O
seconds	O
.	O

On	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
I	O
would	O
never	T-0
use	T-0
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
I	O
would	O
use	O
an	O
external	O
mouse	T-1
because	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
the	O
trackpad	T-2
.	O

On	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
use	O
the	O
trackpad	T-1
I	O
would	T-0
use	O
an	O
external	B-aspectTerm
mouse	I-aspectTerm
because	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
the	O
trackpad	T-2
.	O

On	O
my	O
PowerBook	O
G4	O
I	O
would	O
never	O
use	O
the	O
trackpad	T-1
I	O
would	T-0
use	O
an	O
external	O
mouse	T-2
because	O
I	O
did	O
n't	O
like	O
the	O
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
.	O

This	O
computer	O
does	O
n't	O
do	O
that	O
well	O
with	O
certain	O
games	B-aspectTerm
it	O
ca	O
n't	O
play	T-1
some	O
and	O
it	O
becomes	O
too	O
hot	O
while	O
playing	T-0
games	O
.	O

Obviously	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
important	T-0
features	B-aspectTerm
of	O
any	O
computer	O
is	O
the	O
"	O
human	T-1
interface	T-1
.	O

Yeah	O
,	O
of	O
course	O
smarty	O
pants	O
"	O
fix	O
it	O
now")Software	T-1
-	O
Compared	O
to	O
the	O
early	O
2011	O
edition	O
I	O
did	O
see	O
inbuilt	B-aspectTerm
applications	I-aspectTerm
crashing	T-0
and	O
it	O
prompted	O
me	O
to	O
send	O
the	O
report	O
to	O
Apple	O
(	O
which	O
I	O
promptly	O
did	O
)	O
.	T-1

The	O
body	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
bit	O
cheaply	T-0
made	T-0
so	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
interesting	O
to	O
see	O
how	O
long	O
it	O
holds	O
up	O
.	O

The	O
i5	B-aspectTerm
blows	O
my	O
desktop	T-0
out	O
of	O
the	O
water	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
rendering	T-1
videos	T-1
.	O

With	O
a	O
mac	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	T-1
about	O
antivirus	B-aspectTerm
software	I-aspectTerm
or	O
firewall	T-0
,	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
wonderful	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
mac	O
you	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
worry	T-1
about	O
antivirus	T-0
software	O
or	O
firewall	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
so	O
wonderful	O
.	O

Am	O
very	O
glad	O
I	O
bought	T-1
it	O
,	O
great	O
netbook	T-2
,	O
low	T-0
price	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
team	I-aspectTerm
also	O
assists	O
you	O
very	O
nicely	O
when	O
choosing	O
which	O
computer	T-0
is	O
right	O
for	O
you	O
:)	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	T-1
is	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
,	O
yet	O
I	O
know	O
Vista	T-0
is	O
n't	O
the	O
entire	O
issue	O
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	O
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	O
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	O
system	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	T-2
is	O
Vista	T-3
,	O
yet	T-0
I	T-0
know	T-0
Vista	B-aspectTerm
is	T-1
n't	T-1
the	T-1
entire	T-1
issue	T-1
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	T-4
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	O
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	O
system	O
)	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	T-2
is	O
Vista	O
,	O
yet	O
I	O
know	O
Vista	O
is	O
n't	O
the	O
entire	O
issue	O
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	T-0
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	B-aspectTerm
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	T-1
system	T-1
)	O
.	O

I	O
think	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
problem	O
with	O
this	O
computer	T-0
is	O
Vista	T-1
,	O
yet	O
I	O
know	O
Vista	T-2
is	O
n't	O
the	O
entire	T-4
issue	T-4
because	O
my	O
latest	O
purchase	O
was	O
my	O
Acer	O
and	O
it	O
also	O
has	O
Vista	T-3
(	O
I	O
should	O
have	O
waited	O
the	O
few	O
months	O
to	O
get	O
the	O
next	O
operating	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
)	O
.	O

The	O
video	B-aspectTerm
chat	I-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
is	O
iffy	O
about	O
it	O
but	O
i	O
m	O
sure	O
once	O
they	O
unpdate	O
the	O
next	O
version	T-0
on	O
the	O
macbook	O
book	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
better	O
.	O

The	O
video	T-0
chat	T-0
is	O
the	O
only	O
thing	O
that	O
is	O
iffy	T-2
about	O
it	O
but	O
i	O
m	O
sure	O
once	O
they	O
unpdate	O
the	O
next	O
version	T-1
on	O
the	O
macbook	O
book	O
the	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
of	O
it	O
will	O
be	O
better	O
.	O

That	O
whole	O
experience	O
was	O
just	O
ridiculous	O
we	O
sent	O
it	O
in	O
and	O
after	O
they	O
told	O
us	O
that	O
we	O
had	O
to	O
pay	O
$	O
175	O
to	O
fix	O
it	O
we	O
were	O
like	O
we	O
will	O
just	O
by	O
a	O
portable	T-0
mouse	B-aspectTerm
which	O
would	O
be	O
way	O
cheaper	O
but	O
they	O
refused	T-1
to	O
send	O
the	O
laptop	O
back	O
until	O
we	O
paid	O
the	O
$	O
175	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
fixed	O
.	O

Fan	B-aspectTerm
vents	T-1
to	O
the	O
side	O
,	O
so	O
no	T-2
cooling	T-2
pad	T-2
needed	T-2
,	O
great	T-3
feature	T-3
!	O

i	O
use	O
my	O
mac	O
all	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
i	T-0
love	T-0
the	T-0
software	B-aspectTerm
,	O
the	O
way	O
it	O
takes	O
a	O
short	O
time	O
to	T-1
load	T-1
things	T-1
,	O
how	O
easy	O
it	O
is	O
to	O
use	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
all	O
how	O
you	O
do	T-2
n't	T-2
have	T-2
to	T-2
worry	T-2
about	T-2
viruses	T-2
.	O

Wasted	O
me	O
at	O
least	O
8	O
hours	T-0
of	O
installation	B-aspectTerm
time	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
has	O
far	O
exceeded	O
my	O
expectations	O
for	O
power	B-aspectTerm
,	O
storage	O
,	O
and	O
abilitiy	O
.	T-0

It	O
has	O
far	O
exceeded	O
my	O
expectations	O
for	O
power	T-0
,	O
storage	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
abilitiy	T-1
.	O

It	O
has	O
far	O
exceeded	T-3
my	O
expectations	T-0
for	O
power	T-1
,	O
storage	T-2
,	O
and	O
abilitiy	B-aspectTerm
.	T-4

A	O
great	O
feature	B-aspectTerm
is	O
the	O
spotlight	T-0
search	T-1
:	O
one	O
can	O
search	O
for	O
documents	T-2
by	O
simply	O
typing	O
a	O
keyword	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
parsing	O
tens	O
of	O
file	O
folders	O
for	O
a	O
document	O
.	O

A	O
great	T-0
feature	T-1
is	T-1
the	T-1
spotlight	B-aspectTerm
search	I-aspectTerm
:	O
one	O
can	O
search	T-2
for	T-2
documents	T-2
by	O
simply	O
typing	O
a	O
keyword	T-3
,	O
rather	O
than	O
parsing	O
tens	O
of	O
file	O
folders	O
for	O
a	O
document	O
.	O

My	T-0
wireless	B-aspectTerm
system	I-aspectTerm
would	O
not	O
recognize	O
Windows	T-1
7	T-1
and	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
get	O
online	T-2
to	O
find	O
out	O
why	O
.	O

My	O
wireless	T-0
system	T-1
would	O
not	O
recognize	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
could	O
n't	O
get	O
online	O
to	O
find	O
out	O
why	O
.	O

Suffice	O
it	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
my	O
MacBook	O
Pro	O
keeps	O
me	O
going	O
with	O
its	O
long	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
and	O
blazing	T-0
speed	O
.	O

Suffice	O
it	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
my	O
MacBook	T-1
Pro	T-1
keeps	O
me	O
going	O
with	O
its	O
long	O
battery	T-2
life	T-2
and	O
blazing	T-0
speed	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
very	O
user	T-1
friendly	T-1
,	O
even	O
for	O
those	O
that	O
switch	O
from	O
a	O
PC	T-3
,	O
with	O
a	O
little	O
practice	O
you	O
can	O
take	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
this	O
OS	T-2
!	O

The	O
OS	T-0
is	O
also	O
very	O
user	O
friendly	O
,	O
even	O
for	O
those	O
that	O
switch	T-1
from	O
a	O
PC	T-2
,	O
with	O
a	O
little	O
practice	O
you	O
can	O
take	O
full	O
advantage	O
of	O
this	O
OS	B-aspectTerm
!	O

iTunes	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
handy	O
music	O
-	O
management	T-1
program	T-1
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
essential	O
for	O
anyone	O
with	O
an	O
iPod	T-2
.	O

iTunes	O
is	O
a	O
handy	O
music	O
-	O
management	T-0
program	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
it	O
is	O
essential	T-1
for	O
anyone	O
with	O
an	O
iPod	O
.	O

Mac	O
is	O
not	O
made	T-0
for	O
gaming	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Well	O
I	O
spilled	T-0
something	O
on	O
it	O
and	O
they	O
replaced	O
it	O
with	O
this	O
model	T-2
,	O
which	O
gets	O
hot	T-1
and	O
the	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
make	O
it	O
through	O
1	O
DVD	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
Apple	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
to	O
set	O
up	O
my	O
new	O
printer	T-3
and	O
have	O
had	O
wonderful	T-1
experiences	T-2
with	O
helpful	T-0
,	O
english	O
speaking	O
(	O
from	O
Vancouver	O
)	O
techs	T-4
that	O
walked	O
me	O
through	O
the	O
processes	O
to	O
help	O
me	O
.	O

I	O
've	O
had	O
to	O
call	O
Apple	T-0
support	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
my	O
new	T-4
printer	T-1
and	O
have	O
had	O
wonderful	O
experiences	O
with	O
helpful	O
,	O
english	T-3
speaking	T-3
(	O
from	O
Vancouver	O
)	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
walked	O
me	O
through	O
the	O
processes	O
to	O
help	T-2
me	O
.	O

But	O
Sony	O
said	O
we	O
could	O
send	T-0
it	T-0
back	T-0
and	O
be	O
charged	T-1
for	O
adding	B-aspectTerm
the	I-aspectTerm
bluetooth	I-aspectTerm
an	O
additional	O
seventy	O
something	O
dollars	O
.	O

I	O
need	O
graphic	B-aspectTerm
power	I-aspectTerm
to	O
run	O
my	O
Adobe	O
Creative	T-0
apps	T-1
efficiently	O
.	O

I	O
need	O
graphic	T-2
power	T-2
to	O
run	O
my	O
Adobe	B-aspectTerm
Creative	I-aspectTerm
apps	I-aspectTerm
efficiently	T-1
.	O

the	O
programs	B-aspectTerm
are	O
esay	O
to	O
use	O
and	O
are	O
quick	T-2
to	O
process	T-1
this	O
computer	O
works	O
like	O
a	O
charm	T-0
.	O

the	O
programs	T-0
are	O
esay	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
are	O
quick	O
to	O
process	T-1
this	O
computer	O
works	O
like	O
a	O
charm	O
.	O

The	O
materials	B-aspectTerm
that	O
came	T-0
with	T-0
the	O
computer	T-1
did	O
not	O
include	T-2
the	O
right	O
#	O
anywhere	O
.	O

Tech	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
tells	O
me	O
the	O
latter	O
problem	T-0
is	O
a	O
power	O
supply	O
problem	T-1
and	O
have	O
offered	O
to	O
fix	T-2
it	O
if	O
it	O
happens	O
again	O
.	O

Tech	O
support	O
tells	O
me	O
the	O
latter	O
problem	T-0
is	O
a	O
power	B-aspectTerm
supply	I-aspectTerm
problem	O
and	O
have	O
offered	O
to	O
fix	T-1
it	T-1
if	O
it	O
happens	O
again	O
.	O

HOW	O
DOES	O
THE	O
POWER	B-aspectTerm
SUPPLY	I-aspectTerm
NOT	O
WORK	O
!	O
!	O
!	T-0

Sells	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
a	O
netbook	O
without	T-0
sacrificing	T-1
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
upon	O
giving	O
them	O
the	O
serial	O
number	T-0
the	T-1
first	O
thing	O
I	O
was	O
told	O
,	O
was	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
out	O
of	O
warranty	B-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
could	O
pay	O
to	O
have	O
it	O
repaired	O
.	T-1

Windows	B-aspectTerm
XP	I-aspectTerm
SP2	I-aspectTerm
caused	O
many	O
problems	T-1
on	O
the	O
computer	T-0
,	O
so	O
I	O
had	O
to	O
remove	O
it	O
.	O

I	O
reloaded	T-1
with	O
Windows	O
7	O
Ultimate	O
,	O
and	T-0
the	T-0
Bluetooth	B-aspectTerm
and	O
Fingerprint	T-2
reader	T-2
(	O
software	O
)	O
would	O
not	O
load	O
.	O

I	O
reloaded	T-0
with	O
Windows	O
7	O
Ultimate	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
Bluetooth	O
and	O
Fingerprint	B-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
(	O
software	O
)	O
would	O
not	O
load	O
.	O

I	O
reloaded	T-1
with	O
Windows	O
7	O
Ultimate	O
,	O
and	T-0
the	O
Bluetooth	T-2
and	O
Fingerprint	T-3
reader	O
(	O
software	B-aspectTerm
)	O
would	O
not	O
load	O
.	O

None	O
of	O
the	O
techs	B-aspectTerm
at	I-aspectTerm
HP	I-aspectTerm
knew	O
what	O
they	T-0
were	O
doing	T-1
.	O

this	O
is	O
my	O
second	O
one	O
and	O
the	O
same	O
problem	O
,	O
bad	O
video	B-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
O	O
unreliable	T-1
overall	O
,	O
this	O
will	O
be	O
my	O
second	T-0
time	O
returning	O
this	O
laptop	O
back	O
to	O
best	O
buy	O
.	O

With	O
awesome	O
graphics	T-1
and	O
assuring	T-0
security	B-aspectTerm
,	O
it	O
's	O
perfect	O
!	O

Laptop	O
was	O
in	O
new	O
condition	O
and	O
operational	T-2
,	O
but	T-0
for	T-0
the	T-0
audio	B-aspectTerm
problem	O
when	O
1st	O
sent	O
for	O
repair	O
.	T-1

I	O
was	O
disappointed	O
when	O
I	O
realized	O
that	O
the	O
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
does	O
n't	O
light	O
up	O
on	O
this	O
model	T-0
.	T-1

It	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
perfectly	T-0
.	O

The	O
laptop	O
was	O
very	T-0
easy	T-1
to	T-1
set	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Â	O
Sometimes	O
the	T-0
screen	B-aspectTerm
even	O
goes	O
black	O
on	O
this	O
computer	O
.	T-1

I	T-0
recommend	T-0
for	T-0
word	B-aspectTerm
processing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
internet	T-1
users	T-1
.	O

Since	T-0
I	T-0
've	T-0
had	T-0
this	T-0
computer	T-0
I	T-0
've	T-0
only	T-0
used	T-0
the	T-0
trackpad	B-aspectTerm
because	O
it	T-1
is	T-1
so	T-1
nice	T-1
and	T-1
smooth	T-1
.	O

A	T-0
longer	T-0
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
would	O
have	O
been	O
great	O
-	O
but	O
it	O
meets	O
it	O
's	O
spec	O
quite	O
easily	T-1
.	O

A	O
longer	T-1
battery	T-1
life	T-1
would	O
have	O
been	O
great	O
-	O
but	O
it	O
meets	O
it	O
's	O
spec	B-aspectTerm
quite	O
easily	O
.	T-0

Who	O
could	O
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	B-aspectTerm
burner	I-aspectTerm
,	O
80-gigabyte	T-1
HD	O
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	O
chip	O
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	T-0
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
machines	O
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	O
-	O
quality	O
components	O
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	T-1

Who	O
could	O
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	O
burner	O
,	O
80-gigabyte	T-0
HD	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	O
chip	O
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
machines	O
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	O
-	O
quality	O
components	O
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	O

Who	O
could	T-0
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	T-1
burner	T-1
,	O
80-gigabyte	T-2
HD	T-2
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
chip	I-aspectTerm
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	T-3
and	O
Toshiba	T-4
machines	T-5
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	O
-	O
quality	O
components	O
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	O

Who	O
could	O
n't	O
love	O
a	O
DVD	O
burner	O
,	O
80-gigabyte	O
HD	O
,	O
and	O
fairly	O
new	O
graphics	T-0
chip	O
?	O
As	O
I	O
soon	O
discovered	O
,	O
though	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
a	O
reason	O
for	O
which	O
similarly	O
-	O
configured	O
Sony	O
and	O
Toshiba	O
machines	O
cost	O
more	O
:	O
they	O
use	O
higher	T-1
-	T-1
quality	T-1
components	B-aspectTerm
that	O
are	O
faster	O
,	O
better	O
-	O
configured	O
,	O
and	O
end	O
up	O
lasting	O
a	O
lot	O
longer	O
.	O

Its	O
fast	T-0
and	O
another	O
thing	T-2
I	O
like	O
is	O
that	O
it	O
has	O
three	T-1
USB	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
salesman	T-1
talked	O
us	O
into	O
this	O
computer	O
away	O
from	O
another	O
we	O
were	O
looking	O
at	O
and	O
we	T-0
have	T-0
had	T-0
nothing	T-0
but	T-0
problems	T-0
with	T-0
software	B-aspectTerm
problems	O
and	O
just	O
not	O
happy	O
with	O
it	O
.	O

That	O
system	B-aspectTerm
is	O
fixed	T-0
.	O

Like	T-0
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
and	O
operation	O
.	O

Like	O
the	O
price	O
and	O
operation	B-aspectTerm
.	T-0

The	O
brand	B-aspectTerm
is	O
tarnished	O
in	O
my	O
heart	T-0
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	T-1
and	O
isolation	T-2
between	T-0
the	O
components	B-aspectTerm
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
with	O
a	O
ground	T-3
loop	T-3
isolator	T-3
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	O
better	O
product	O
quality	O
for	O
this	O
price	O
range	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	T-2
and	T-2
isolation	T-2
between	O
the	O
components	T-3
,	O
and	T-0
I	T-0
'm	T-0
hoping	T-0
that	T-0
it	T-0
can	T-0
be	T-0
fixed	T-0
with	T-0
a	T-0
ground	B-aspectTerm
loop	I-aspectTerm
isolator	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	O
better	O
product	O
quality	O
for	O
this	O
price	O
range	T-1
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	T-2
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	O
and	O
isolation	O
between	O
the	O
components	T-0
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
with	O
a	O
ground	T-1
loop	T-1
isolator	T-1
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	T-3
better	O
product	O
quality	B-aspectTerm
for	O
this	O
price	O
range	O
.	O

This	O
is	O
likely	O
due	O
to	O
poor	O
grounding	T-0
and	O
isolation	T-1
between	O
the	O
components	O
,	O
and	O
I	O
'm	O
hoping	O
that	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
fixed	O
with	O
a	O
ground	O
loop	O
isolator	T-2
,	O
but	O
I	O
still	O
expected	O
better	O
product	O
quality	O
for	O
this	O
price	B-aspectTerm
range	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
'	O
have	O
had	O
it	O
for	O
about	O
a	O
1	O
1/2	O
and	O
yes	O
I	O
have	O
had	O
an	O
issue	O
with	O
it	O
one	O
month	O
out	T-0
of	T-0
warranty	B-aspectTerm
.	T-1

Once	O
open	T-0
,	O
the	O
leading	B-aspectTerm
edge	I-aspectTerm
is	O
razor	T-1
sharp	O
.	O

Loaded	T-0
with	O
bloatware	B-aspectTerm
.	O

Maximum	B-aspectTerm
sound	I-aspectTerm
is	O
n't	O
nearly	O
as	O
loud	T-0
as	O
it	O
should	O
be	O
.	T-1

I	O
loaded	T-0
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
via	O
Bootcamp	O
and	O
it	O
works	T-1
flawlessly	T-2
!	O

I	O
loaded	T-0
windows	T-2
7	O
via	O
Bootcamp	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
works	T-1
flawlessly	O
!	O

Great	O
Laptop	O
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
,	O
works	T-0
well	T-0
with	O
action	O
pack	O
games	O
.	O

Great	O
Laptop	T-1
for	O
the	O
price	T-2
,	O
works	B-aspectTerm
well	O
with	O
action	O
pack	O
games	T-3
.	T-0

Great	T-2
Laptop	O
for	O
the	O
price	T-1
,	O
works	T-0
well	T-0
with	T-0
action	B-aspectTerm
pack	I-aspectTerm
games	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Although	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
is	O
higher	T-2
then	O
Dell	O
laptops	O
,	O
the	O
Macbooks	T-1
are	O
worth	O
the	O
dough	T-0
.	O

I	O
would	O
not	O
recommend	T-0
this	O
to	O
anyone	O
wanting	O
a	O
notebook	T-1
expecting	O
the	O
performance	B-aspectTerm
of	O
a	O
Desktop	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
meet	O
the	O
expectations	O
.	O

The	T-0
Macbook	T-0
arrived	T-0
in	T-0
a	T-0
nice	T-0
twin	B-aspectTerm
packing	I-aspectTerm
and	O
sealed	T-1
in	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
functions	O
works	O
great	O
.	O

The	O
Macbook	O
arrived	O
in	O
a	O
nice	T-1
twin	O
packing	T-2
and	O
sealed	T-0
in	O
the	O
box	O
,	O
all	O
the	O
functions	B-aspectTerm
works	O
great	O
.	O

So	O
what	O
if	O
the	O
laptops	T-1
/	O
mobile	T-2
phones	T-0
look	B-aspectTerm
chic	O
and	O
cool	O
?	O
The	O
after	O
sales	O
support	O
is	O
terrible	O
.	O

So	O
what	O
if	O
the	O
laptops	T-0
/	O
mobile	T-1
phones	T-1
look	O
chic	T-2
and	O
cool	T-3
?	O
The	O
after	B-aspectTerm
sales	I-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
is	O
terrible	O
.	T-4

I	O
hate	O
the	O
display	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
and	O
I	O
have	O
done	O
everything	O
I	O
could	O
do	O
the	O
change	T-0
it	T-0
.	O

I	O
also	O
like	O
the	O
acer	B-aspectTerm
arcade	I-aspectTerm
but	O
these	T-0
were	O
reallythe	O
only	O
two	O
things	T-1
I	O
liked	T-2
about	O
this	O
laptop	T-3
.	O

Have	O
not	O
yet	O
needed	O
any	O
customer	B-aspectTerm
support	I-aspectTerm
with	O
this	O
yet	O
so	O
to	O
me	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
great	O
thing	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
leaps	T-0
and	T-0
bounds	T-0
ahead	T-0
of	O
PC	O
in	O
my	O
opinion	O
.	O

I	O
gave	O
it	O
to	O
my	O
daughter	O
because	O
I	O
just	O
hated	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
,	O
hated	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
no	O
cd	O
drive	O
to	O
at	O
least	O
play	T-1
cd	T-0
's	T-0
when	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
and	O
do	O
schoolwork	O
.	O

I	O
gave	O
it	O
to	O
my	O
daughter	O
because	T-1
I	O
just	O
hated	O
the	O
screen	O
,	O
hated	T-0
that	O
it	O
had	O
no	O
cd	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
to	O
at	O
least	O
play	O
cd	O
's	O
when	O
I	O
wanted	O
to	O
listen	O
to	O
music	O
and	O
do	O
schoolwork	O
.	O

It	O
runs	B-aspectTerm
very	O
quiet	T-0
too	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
plus	O
.	O

It	O
was	O
heavy	O
,	O
bulky	O
,	O
and	O
hard	O
to	O
carry	O
because	T-0
of	O
the	O
size	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
games	B-aspectTerm
included	T-0
are	O
very	O
good	O
games	O
.	O

The	O
games	T-1
included	T-0
are	O
very	O
good	O
games	B-aspectTerm
.	O

this	O
computer	T-0
will	O
last	O
you	O
at	O
least	O
7	O
years	O
,	O
that	O
s	O
an	O
amazing	O
life	B-aspectTerm
spanned	T-2
an	O
electronic	T-1
.	O

Sometimes	O
you	O
really	O
have	T-0
to	T-0
tap	T-1
the	T-1
pad	B-aspectTerm
to	O
get	O
it	O
to	O
worki	O

It	O
's	O
super	O
fast	O
and	O
a	O
great	O
value	B-aspectTerm
for	O
the	O
price	T-0
!	O

It	O
's	O
super	O
fast	T-0
and	O
a	O
great	O
value	T-1
for	O
the	O
price	B-aspectTerm
!	O

Three	O
,	O
the	O
mac	O
book	O
has	O
advantages	T-1
over	O
pcs	O
'	O
with	O
linux	B-aspectTerm
based	I-aspectTerm
os	I-aspectTerm
there	O
is	O
very	O
'	O
few	O
problems	O
with	O
system	T-0
performance	O
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

Three	O
,	O
the	O
mac	O
book	O
has	O
advantages	O
over	O
pcs	O
'	O
with	O
linux	O
based	O
os	O
there	O
is	O
very	O
'	O
few	T-0
problems	T-0
with	O
system	B-aspectTerm
performance	I-aspectTerm
when	O
it	O
comes	O
to	O
a	O
mac	O
.	O

A	O
mac	T-0
is	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
simply	T-1
makes	O
sense	O
.	O

however	O
,	O
I	O
may	O
have	O
inadvertently	O
thrown	T-0
out	T-0
one	O
of	O
the	O
batteries	B-aspectTerm
with	O
the	O
shipping	T-1
carton	T-1
.	O

however	O
,	O
I	O
may	O
have	O
inadvertently	O
thrown	T-0
out	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
batteries	T-1
with	O
the	O
shipping	B-aspectTerm
carton	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
much	O
easier	T-0
to	O
use	B-aspectTerm

There	O
is	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
open	O
a	O
program	B-aspectTerm
first	O
and	O
the	O
cliick	T-0
open	T-1
or	O
import	T-2
.	O

It	O
is	O
so	O
nice	O
not	O
to	O
worry	T-0
about	T-0
that	O
and	O
the	O
extra	O
expense	T-1
that	O
comes	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
necessary	O
virus	B-aspectTerm
protection	I-aspectTerm
on	O
PC	T-2
's	T-2
.	O

Three	O
weeks	O
after	O
I	O
bought	O
the	O
netbook	T-1
,	O
the	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
quit	O
working	T-0
.	O

The	O
processor	B-aspectTerm
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	O
16	O
functions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	T-0
are	O
routed	T-2
through	O
the	O
hardware	T-1
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	T-3
.	O

The	O
processor	T-1
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	T-0
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	B-aspectTerm
16	I-aspectTerm
functions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	T-2
are	O
routed	O
through	O
the	O
hardware	T-3
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	O
.	O

The	O
processor	T-0
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	O
16	O
functions	T-2
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	B-aspectTerm
are	O
routed	T-4
through	O
the	O
hardware	T-1
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	T-3
.	O

The	O
processor	T-0
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	T-1
OSX	T-1
16	T-1
functions	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	O
are	O
routed	O
through	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	T-2
.	O

The	O
processor	T-1
screams	O
,	O
and	O
because	T-0
of	O
the	O
unique	O
way	O
that	O
Apple	O
OSX	O
16	O
functions	T-2
,	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
graphics	O
are	O
routed	T-3
through	O
the	O
hardware	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
wanted	O
something	O
that	O
had	T-2
a	O
new	T-3
Intel	B-aspectTerm
Core	I-aspectTerm
processors	I-aspectTerm
and	O
HDMI	O
port	O
so	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
hook	T-0
it	T-0
up	T-0
directly	O
to	T-1
our	T-1
TV	T-1
.	O

I	O
wanted	T-0
something	O
that	O
had	O
a	O
new	O
Intel	O
Core	O
processors	O
and	O
HDMI	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
so	O
that	O
we	O
could	O
hook	T-1
it	O
up	T-2
directly	O
to	O
our	O
TV	T-3
.	O

The	O
Apple	O
will	O
run	T-0
Internet	B-aspectTerm
Explorer	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
at	O
an	O
amazingly	O
slow	O
rate	O
.	O

With	O
today	O
's	O
company	O
fighting	O
over	O
marketshare	O
,	O
its	O
a	O
shame	T-1
that	O
ASUS	O
can	O
get	O
away	O
with	O
the	O
inept	O
staff	B-aspectTerm
answering	T-0
thephone	T-0
.	O

The	O
price	B-aspectTerm
premium	I-aspectTerm
is	O
a	O
little	T-0
much	T-0
,	O
but	O
when	O
you	O
start	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
features	T-1
it	O
is	O
worth	O
the	O
added	O
cash	O
.	O

The	O
price	T-1
premium	T-1
is	O
a	O
little	O
much	O
,	O
but	O
when	O
you	O
start	O
looking	O
at	O
the	O
features	B-aspectTerm
it	O
is	O
worth	O
the	O
added	T-0
cash	O
.	O

Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
word	I-aspectTerm
was	O
not	O
on	T-0
it	O
andI	O
had	O
to	O
buy	O
it	O
seperately	T-1
.	O

it	O
has	O
3	T-1
usb	B-aspectTerm
ports	I-aspectTerm
,	O
1	O
sd	O
memory	O
card	O
reader	O
and	O
an	O
sd	O
memory	O
car	O
expansion	T-0
.	O

it	O
has	O
3	O
usb	O
ports	O
,	O
1	T-3
sd	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
card	I-aspectTerm
reader	I-aspectTerm
and	O
an	O
sd	O
memory	T-1
car	O
expansion	T-2
.	T-0

it	O
has	O
3	O
usb	T-0
ports	O
,	O
1	T-1
sd	T-1
memory	T-1
card	T-1
reader	T-1
and	O
an	O
sd	B-aspectTerm
memory	I-aspectTerm
car	I-aspectTerm
expansion	I-aspectTerm
.	O

I	O
connect	T-1
a	O
LaCie	B-aspectTerm
2Big	I-aspectTerm
external	I-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
via	O
the	O
firewire	T-2
800	T-2
interface	T-2
,	O
which	T-0
is	O
useful	O
for	O
Time	T-3
Machine	T-3
.	O

I	O
connect	T-0
a	O
LaCie	O
2Big	O
external	T-2
drive	T-3
via	O
the	O
firewire	B-aspectTerm
800	I-aspectTerm
interface	I-aspectTerm
,	O
which	O
is	O
useful	O
for	O
Time	T-1
Machine	T-1
.	O

I	O
connect	T-0
a	O
LaCie	T-1
2Big	T-1
external	T-1
drive	T-1
via	O
the	O
firewire	T-2
800	T-2
interface	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
useful	T-3
for	T-3
Time	B-aspectTerm
Machine	I-aspectTerm
.	O

My	O
Toshiba	T-0
did	O
not	O
have	O
sound	B-aspectTerm
on	O
everything	O
,	O
just	O
certain	O
things	O
.	O

I	O
am	O
overall	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
my	O
toshiba	T-1
satellite	T-2
,	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
extra	B-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
,	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
windows	T-0
7	O
home	O
premium	T-3
.	O

I	O
am	O
overall	O
very	O
pleased	O
with	O
my	O
toshiba	O
satellite	O
,	O
I	O
like	O
the	O
extra	T-0
features	O
,	O
I	O
love	O
the	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
home	I-aspectTerm
premium	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
Aspire	O
wo	O
nt	O
even	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
past	T-1
the	T-1
Acer	O
screen	O
with	O
a	O
Droid	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
both	O
Motorola	O
and	O
HTC	O
)	O
plugged	T-2
into	O
the	O
USB	O
port	O
.	T-0

The	O
Aspire	T-0
wo	O
nt	O
even	O
boot	O
past	T-3
the	O
Acer	B-aspectTerm
screen	I-aspectTerm
with	O
a	O
Droid	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
both	O
Motorola	O
and	O
HTC	O
)	O
plugged	T-2
into	O
the	O
USB	T-1
port	T-1
.	O

The	O
Aspire	O
wo	O
nt	O
even	O
boot	T-1
past	O
the	O
Acer	O
screen	O
with	O
a	O
Droid	O
(	O
I	O
have	O
tried	O
both	O
Motorola	O
and	O
HTC	O
)	O
plugged	T-0
into	T-0
the	O
USB	B-aspectTerm
port	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
was	O
shorter	T-0
than	O
expected	O
.	O

It	O
fires	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
in	O
the	O
morning	O
in	O
less	O
than	O
30	O
seconds	T-1
and	O
I	O
have	O
never	O
had	O
any	O
issues	O
with	O
it	O
freezing	T-0
.	O

The	T-1
keyboard	B-aspectTerm
is	T-2
top	T-2
notch	T-2
.	T-0

It	O
drives	O
me	O
crazy	O
when	O
I	O
want	O
to	O
download	O
a	O
game	O
or	O
something	O
of	O
that	O
nature	T-0
and	O
I	O
ca	O
n't	O
play	O
it	O
because	O
its	O
not	O
compatable	T-1
with	O
the	O
software	B-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
online	B-aspectTerm
tutorial	I-aspectTerm
videos	I-aspectTerm
make	O
it	O
super	O
easy	T-1
to	T-1
learn	T-1
if	O
you	O
have	O
always	O
used	T-0
a	O
PC	O
.	O

The	O
image	B-aspectTerm
is	O
great	T-0
,	O
and	O
the	O
soud	T-2
is	O
excelent	T-1
.	O

The	O
image	O
is	O
great	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
soud	B-aspectTerm
is	O
excelent	T-0
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
more	O
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	T-2
to	O
wait	T-1
for	T-1
windows	B-aspectTerm
to	T-0
boot	T-0
up	T-0
or	T-0
shut	T-0
down	T-0
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	O
associated	O
with	O
windows	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
more	T-3
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
windows	T-0
to	O
boot	B-aspectTerm
up	I-aspectTerm
or	O
shut	T-1
down	T-1
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	T-2
associated	O
with	O
windows	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	O
computer	O
I	O
have	O
more	T-0
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
windows	O
to	O
boot	O
up	O
or	O
shut	B-aspectTerm
down	I-aspectTerm
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	O
associated	O
with	O
windows	O
.	O

With	O
a	O
MAC	T-0
computer	T-0
I	O
have	O
more	O
free	O
time	O
as	O
I	O
do	O
n't	O
have	O
to	O
wait	O
for	O
windows	T-1
to	O
boot	O
up	O
or	O
shut	O
down	O
and	O
all	O
the	O
viruses	T-2
associated	O
with	O
windows	B-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
was	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
just	O
pick	T-1
up	T-1
and	O
use--	B-aspectTerm
It	O
did	O
not	O
take	O
long	O
to	O
get	O
used	O
to	O
the	O
Mac	O
OS	O
.	T-0

It	O
was	O
very	O
easy	O
to	O
just	O
pick	O
up	O
and	O
use--	O
It	O
did	O
not	O
take	O
long	O
to	O
get	T-0
used	T-0
to	T-0
the	O
Mac	B-aspectTerm
OS	I-aspectTerm
.	O

It	O
is	O
well	O
worth	O
the	O
money	T-1
it	O
cost	B-aspectTerm
,	O
Very	O
good	O
investment	T-2
.	T-0

Upgrading	T-2
from	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Starter	I-aspectTerm
,	O
thru	O
Windows	T-0
7	T-0
Home	T-0
Premium	T-0
,	O
to	O
Windows	T-1
7	T-1
Professional	T-1
was	O
a	O
snap	O
;	O

Upgrading	T-0
from	O
Windows	O
7	O
Starter	T-2
,	O
thru	O
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Home	I-aspectTerm
Premium	I-aspectTerm
,	O
to	O
Windows	O
7	O
Professional	T-1
was	O
a	O
snap	O
;	T-1

Upgrading	T-0
from	O
Windows	O
7	O
Starter	O
,	O
thru	O
Windows	O
7	O
Home	O
Premium	O
,	O
to	T-1
Windows	B-aspectTerm
7	I-aspectTerm
Professional	I-aspectTerm
was	O
a	O
snap	O
;	O

My	O
kids	O
(	O
and	O
dogs	T-0
)	O
destroyed	O
two	O
power	B-aspectTerm
cords	I-aspectTerm
by	O
pulling	T-1
on	T-1
them	T-1
.	O

I	O
had	O
upgraded	T-1
my	O
old	O
MacBook	O
to	O
Lion	O
,	O
so	O
I	O
kind	O
of	O
knew	O
what	O
I	O
was	O
getting	O
,	O
but	O
had	O
n't	O
been	O
able	O
to	O
enjoy	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
awesome	O
new	T-0
multi	B-aspectTerm
-	I-aspectTerm
touch	I-aspectTerm
features	I-aspectTerm
.	O

The	O
screen	B-aspectTerm
is	O
a	T-1
little	T-1
glary	T-1
,	O
and	O
I	O
hated	O
the	O
clicking	T-2
buttons	T-2
,	O
but	O
I	O
got	O
used	O
to	O
them	O
.	O

The	O
screen	O
is	O
a	O
little	O
glary	T-0
,	O
and	O
I	O
hated	O
the	O
clicking	B-aspectTerm
buttons	I-aspectTerm
,	O
but	O
I	O
got	O
used	O
to	O
them	O
.	O

not	T-0
using	T-0
wired	B-aspectTerm
lan	I-aspectTerm
not	O
sure	O
what	O
that	O
s	O
about	O
.	O

The	O
macbook	O
rarely	T-0
requires	T-1
a	T-1
hard	B-aspectTerm
reboot	I-aspectTerm
.	O

Now	O
for	O
the	O
hardware	B-aspectTerm
problems	T-0
.	O

Anyways	O
I	O
bought	O
this	O
two	O
months	O
ago	O
and	O
when	O
I	O
first	O
brought	O
it	O
home	T-0
it	O
kept	O
giving	O
me	O
a	O
message	T-1
about	O
a	O
vibration	T-2
in	O
the	O
hard	B-aspectTerm
drive	I-aspectTerm
and	O
it	O
is	O
putting	O
it	O
temporaly	O
in	O
save	T-3
zone	T-3
.	O

It	O
's	O
fast	O
and	O
has	O
excellent	T-1
battery	B-aspectTerm
life	I-aspectTerm
.	T-0

Features	B-aspectTerm
like	O
the	O
font	T-1
are	O
very	O
block	T-0
-	O
like	O
and	O
old	O
school	O
.	O

Features	O
like	O
the	O
font	B-aspectTerm
are	O
very	O
block	T-0
-	T-0
like	T-0
and	O
old	T-1
school	T-1
.	T-1

It	O
is	O
loaded	T-1
with	T-1
programs	B-aspectTerm
that	O
is	O
of	O
no	O
good	O
for	O
the	O
average	T-0
user	O
,	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
run	O
way	O
to	O
slow	O
.	O

It	O
is	O
loaded	O
with	O
programs	T-0
that	O
is	O
of	O
no	O
good	O
for	O
the	O
average	O
user	O
,	O
that	O
makes	O
it	O
run	B-aspectTerm
way	T-1
to	T-1
slow	T-1
.	O

I	O
feel	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
poorly	T-0
put	O
together	O
,	O
because	O
once	O
in	O
a	O
while	O
different	O
plastic	B-aspectTerm
Â	I-aspectTerm
pieces	I-aspectTerm
Â	O
would	O
come	O
off	T-1
of	O
it	O
.	T-1

Finally	O
,	O
I	O
should	O
note	O
that	O
I	O
took	T-0
the	O
2	B-aspectTerm
GB	I-aspectTerm
RAM	I-aspectTerm
stick	I-aspectTerm
from	T-1
my	O
old	O
EeePC	O
and	O
installed	T-2
it	O
before	O
I	O
even	O
powered	O
on	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
.	O

Windows	B-aspectTerm
is	O
also	O
rather	O
unsteady	T-0
on	O
its	O
feet	O
and	O
is	O
susceptible	T-1
to	O
many	O
bugs	O
.	O

After	O
sending	O
out	O
documents	O
via	O
email	O
and	O
having	O
recipients	O
tell	O
me	O
they	O
could	O
not	O
open	O
the	O
documents	O
or	O
they	O
came	O
through	O
as	O
gibberish	O
,	O
I	O
broke	O
down	O
and	O
spent	T-0
another	O
$	O
100	O
to	O
get	O
Microsoft	B-aspectTerm
Word	I-aspectTerm
for	I-aspectTerm
Mac	I-aspectTerm
.	O



================================================
FILE: model/__init__.py
================================================
from model.charbilstm import CharBiLSTM


================================================
FILE: model/charbilstm.py
================================================
# 
# @author: Allan
#
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pack_padded_sequence, pad_packed_sequence
from overrides import overrides


class CharBiLSTM(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, config, print_info: bool = True):
        super(CharBiLSTM, self).__init__()
        if print_info:
            print("[Info] Building character-level LSTM")
        self.char_emb_size = config.char_emb_size
        self.char2idx = config.char2idx
        self.chars = config.idx2char
        self.char_size = len(self.chars)
        self.device = config.device
        self.hidden = config.charlstm_hidden_dim
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(config.dropout).to(self.device)
        self.char_embeddings = nn.Embedding(self.char_size, self.char_emb_size).to(self.device)
        self.char_lstm = nn.LSTM(self.char_emb_size, self.hidden // 2 ,num_layers=1, batch_first=True, bidirectional=True).to(self.device)

    @overrides
    def forward(self, char_seq_tensor: torch.Tensor, char_seq_len: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Get the last hidden states of the LSTM
            input:
                char_seq_tensor: (batch_size, sent_len, word_length)
                char_seq_len: (batch_size, sent_len)
            output:
                Variable(batch_size, sent_len, char_hidden_dim )
        """
        batch_size = char_seq_tensor.size(0)
        sent_len = char_seq_tensor.size(1)
        char_seq_tensor = char_seq_tensor.view(batch_size * sent_len, -1)
        char_seq_len = char_seq_len.view(batch_size * sent_len)
        sorted_seq_len, permIdx = char_seq_len.sort(0, descending=True)
        _, recover_idx = permIdx.sort(0, descending=False)
        sorted_seq_tensor = char_seq_tensor[permIdx]

        char_embeds = self.dropout(self.char_embeddings(sorted_seq_tensor))
        pack_input = pack_padded_sequence(char_embeds, sorted_seq_len.cpu(), batch_first=True)

        _, char_hidden = self.char_lstm(pack_input, None)
        hidden = char_hidden[0].transpose(1,0).contiguous().view(batch_size * sent_len, 1, -1)   ### before view, the size is ( batch_size * sent_len, 2, lstm_dimension) 2 means 2 direciton..
        return hidden[recover_idx].view(batch_size, sent_len, -1)




================================================
FILE: model/linear_crf_inferencer.py
================================================
#
# @author: Allan
#
import torch.nn as nn
import torch

from config import log_sum_exp_pytorch, START, STOP, PAD
from typing import Tuple
from overrides import overrides

class LinearCRF(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self, config, print_info: bool = True):
        super(LinearCRF, self).__init__()

        self.label_size = config.label_size
        self.device = config.device
        self.use_char = config.use_char_rnn
        self.context_emb = config.context_emb

        self.label2idx = config.label2idx
        self.labels = config.idx2labels
        self.start_idx = self.label2idx[START]
        self.end_idx = self.label2idx[STOP]
        self.pad_idx = self.label2idx[PAD]

        # initialize the following transition (anything never -> start. end never -> anything. Same thing for the padding label)
        self.init_transition = torch.randn(self.label_size, self.label_size).to(self.device)
        self.init_transition[:, self.start_idx] = -10000.0
        self.init_transition[self.end_idx, :] = -10000.0
        self.init_transition[:, self.pad_idx] = -10000.0
        self.init_transition[self.pad_idx, :] = -10000.0

        self.transition = nn.Parameter(self.init_transition)

    @overrides
    def forward(self, lstm_scores, word_seq_lens, tags, mask):
        """
        Calculate the negative log-likelihood
        :param lstm_scores:
        :param word_seq_lens:
        :param tags:
        :param mask:
        :return:
        """
        all_scores=  self.calculate_all_scores(lstm_scores= lstm_scores)
        unlabed_score = self.forward_unlabeled(all_scores, word_seq_lens)
        labeled_score = self.forward_labeled(all_scores, word_seq_lens, tags, mask)
        return unlabed_score, labeled_score

    def forward_unlabeled(self, all_scores: torch.Tensor, word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Calculate the scores with the forward algorithm. Basically calculating the normalization term
        :param all_scores: (batch_size x max_seq_len x num_labels x num_labels) from (lstm scores + transition scores).
        :param word_seq_lens: (batch_size)
        :return: (batch_size) for the normalization scores
        """
        batch_size = all_scores.size(0)
        seq_len = all_scores.size(1)
        alpha = torch.zeros(batch_size, seq_len, self.label_size).to(self.device)

        alpha[:, 0, :] = all_scores[:, 0,  self.start_idx, :] ## the first position of all labels = (the transition from start - > all labels) + current emission.

        for word_idx in range(1, seq_len):
            ## batch_size, self.label_size, self.label_size
            before_log_sum_exp = alpha[:, word_idx-1, :].view(batch_size, self.label_size, 1).expand(batch_size, self.label_size, self.label_size) + all_scores[:, word_idx, :, :]
            alpha[:, word_idx, :] = log_sum_exp_pytorch(before_log_sum_exp)

        ### batch_size x label_size
        last_alpha = torch.gather(alpha, 1, word_seq_lens.view(batch_size, 1, 1).expand(batch_size, 1, self.label_size)-1).view(batch_size, self.label_size)
        last_alpha += self.transition[:, self.end_idx].view(1, self.label_size).expand(batch_size, self.label_size)
        last_alpha = log_sum_exp_pytorch(last_alpha.view(batch_size, self.label_size, 1)).view(batch_size)

        return torch.sum(last_alpha)

    def forward_labeled(self, all_scores: torch.Tensor, word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor, tags: torch.Tensor, masks: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        '''
        Calculate the scores for the gold instances.
        :param all_scores: (batch, seq_len, label_size, label_size)
        :param word_seq_lens: (batch, seq_len)
        :param tags: (batch, seq_len)
        :param masks: batch, seq_len
        :return: sum of score for the gold sequences Shape: (batch_size)
        '''
        batchSize = all_scores.shape[0]
        sentLength = all_scores.shape[1]

        currentTagScores = torch.gather(all_scores, 3, tags.view(batchSize, sentLength, 1, 1).expand(batchSize, sentLength, self.label_size, 1)).view(batchSize, -1, self.label_size)
        if sentLength != 1:
            tagTransScoresMiddle = torch.gather(currentTagScores[:, 1:, :], 2, tags[:, : sentLength - 1].view(batchSize, sentLength - 1, 1)).view(batchSize, -1)
        tagTransScoresBegin = currentTagScores[:, 0, self.start_idx]
        endTagIds = torch.gather(tags, 1, word_seq_lens.view(batchSize, 1) - 1)
        tagTransScoresEnd = torch.gather(self.transition[:, self.end_idx].view(1, self.label_size).expand(batchSize, self.label_size), 1,  endTagIds).view(batchSize)
        score = torch.sum(tagTransScoresBegin) + torch.sum(tagTransScoresEnd)
        if sentLength != 1:
            score += torch.sum(tagTransScoresMiddle.masked_select(masks[:, 1:]))
        return score

    def calculate_all_scores(self, lstm_scores: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Calculate all scores by adding up the transition scores and emissions (from lstm).
        Basically, compute the scores for each edges between labels at adjacent positions.
        This score is later be used for forward-backward inference
        :param lstm_scores: emission scores.
        :return:
        """
        batch_size = lstm_scores.size(0)
        seq_len = lstm_scores.size(1)
        scores = self.transition.view(1, 1, self.label_size, self.label_size).expand(batch_size, seq_len, self.label_size, self.label_size) + \
                 lstm_scores.view(batch_size, seq_len, 1, self.label_size).expand(batch_size, seq_len, self.label_size, self.label_size)
        return scores

    def decode(self, features, wordSeqLengths, annotation_mask = None) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """
        Decode the batch input
        :param batchInput:
        :return:
        """
        all_scores = self.calculate_all_scores(features)
        bestScores, decodeIdx = self.constrainted_viterbi_decode(all_scores, wordSeqLengths, annotation_mask)
        return bestScores, decodeIdx

    def constrainted_viterbi_decode(self, all_scores: torch.Tensor, word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor, annotation_mask: torch.Tensor = None) -> Tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """
        Use viterbi to decode the instances given the scores and transition parameters
        :param all_scores: (batch_size x max_seq_len x num_labels)
        :param word_seq_lens: (batch_size)
        :return: the best scores as well as the predicted label ids.
               (batch_size) and (batch_size x max_seq_len)
        """
        batchSize = all_scores.shape[0]
        sentLength = all_scores.shape[1]
        if annotation_mask is not None:
            annotation_mask = annotation_mask.float().log()
        # sent_len =
        scoresRecord = torch.zeros([batchSize, sentLength, self.label_size]).to(self.device)
        idxRecord = torch.zeros([batchSize, sentLength, self.label_size], dtype=torch.int64).to(self.device)
        mask = torch.ones_like(word_seq_lens, dtype=torch.int64).to(self.device)
        startIds = torch.full((batchSize, self.label_size), self.start_idx, dtype=torch.int64).to(self.device)
        decodeIdx = torch.LongTensor(batchSize, sentLength).to(self.device)

        scores = all_scores
        # scoresRecord[:, 0, :] = self.getInitAlphaWithBatchSize(batchSize).view(batchSize, self.label_size)
        scoresRecord[:, 0, :] = scores[:, 0, self.start_idx, :]  ## represent the best current score from the start, is the best
        if annotation_mask is not None:
            scoresRecord[:, 0, :] += annotation_mask[:, 0, :]
        idxRecord[:,  0, :] = startIds
        for wordIdx in range(1, sentLength):
            ### scoresIdx: batch x from_label x to_label at current index.
            scoresIdx = scoresRecord[:, wordIdx - 1, :].view(batchSize, self.label_size, 1).expand(batchSize, self.label_size,
                                                                                  self.label_size) + scores[:, wordIdx, :, :]
            if annotation_mask is not None:
                scoresIdx += annotation_mask[:, wordIdx, :].view(batchSize, 1, self.label_size).expand(batchSize, self.label_size, self.label_size)

            idxRecord[:, wordIdx, :] = torch.argmax(scoresIdx, 1)  ## the best previous label idx to crrent labels
            scoresRecord[:, wordIdx, :] = torch.gather(scoresIdx, 1, idxRecord[:, wordIdx, :].view(batchSize, 1, self.label_size)).view(batchSize, self.label_size)

        lastScores = torch.gather(scoresRecord, 1, word_seq_lens.view(batchSize, 1, 1).expand(batchSize, 1, self.label_size) - 1).view(batchSize, self.label_size)  ##select position
        lastScores += self.transition[:, self.end_idx].view(1, self.label_size).expand(batchSize, self.label_size)
        decodeIdx[:, 0] = torch.argmax(lastScores, 1)
        bestScores = torch.gather(lastScores, 1, decodeIdx[:, 0].view(batchSize, 1))

        for distance2Last in range(sentLength - 1):
            lastNIdxRecord = torch.gather(idxRecord, 1, torch.where(word_seq_lens - distance2Last - 1 > 0, word_seq_lens - distance2Last - 1, mask).view(batchSize, 1, 1).expand(batchSize, 1, self.label_size)).view(batchSize, self.label_size)
            decodeIdx[:, distance2Last + 1] = torch.gather(lastNIdxRecord, 1, decodeIdx[:, distance2Last].view(batchSize, 1)).view(batchSize)

        return bestScores, decodeIdx

================================================
FILE: model/soft_attention.py
================================================
"""soft_attention.py: Structured Self-attention layer.
It creates trigger representations, and sentence representation with negative sampling.
The reason for negative sampling is to learn contrastive loss.

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import random


class SoftAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config):
        super(SoftAttention, self).__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.device = config.device

        self.linear = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim, config.hidden_dim // 2).to(self.device)
        self.hops = config.hidden_dim // 8
        self.ws1 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim // 2, config.hidden_dim // 4, bias=False).to(self.device)
        self.ws2 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim // 4, self.hops, bias=False).to(self.device)
        self.tanh = nn.Tanh().to(self.device)

    def attention(self, lstm_output, mask):
        """
        Calculate structured self attention.
        :param lstm_output:
        :param mask:
        :return:
        """
        lstm_output = self.linear(lstm_output)

        size = lstm_output.size()
        compressed_reps = lstm_output.contiguous().view(-1, size[2])
        hbar = self.tanh(self.ws1(compressed_reps))  # (batch_size x seq_len) * attn_size
        alphas = self.ws2(hbar).view(size[0], size[1], -1)  # batch_size * seq_len * hops
        alphas = torch.transpose(alphas, 1, 2).contiguous().to(self.device)  # batch_size * hops * seq_len
        multi_mask = [mask.unsqueeze(1) for i in range(self.hops)]
        multi_mask = torch.cat(multi_mask, 1).to(self.device)

        penalized_alphas = alphas + -1e7 * (1 - multi_mask)
        alphas = torch.softmax(penalized_alphas.view(-1, size[1]),dim=-1).to(self.device)  # (batch_size x hops) * seq_len
        alphas = alphas.view(size[0], self.hops, size[1])  # batch_size * hops * seq_len

        lstm_output = torch.bmm(alphas, lstm_output).to(self.device)  # batch_size * hops * hidden_size
        lstm_output = lstm_output.mean(1)
        return lstm_output

    def forward(self, sentence_vec, sentence_mask, trigger_vec, trigger_mask):
        """
        Get attention for sentence and trigger. For sentence, generate negative samples
        :param sentence_vec:
        :param sentence_mask:
        :param trigger_vec:
        :param trigger_mask:
        :return:
        """
        sent_rep = self.attention(sentence_vec, sentence_mask)
        trig_rep = self.attention(trigger_vec, trigger_mask)

        # generating negative samples
        trigger_vec_cat = torch.cat([trig_rep, trig_rep], dim=0)
        random.seed(1000)
        row_idxs = list(range(sent_rep.shape[0]))
        random.shuffle(row_idxs)
        sentence_vec_rand = sent_rep[torch.tensor(row_idxs), :]
        sentence_vec_cat = torch.cat([sent_rep, sentence_vec_rand], dim=0)

        return trig_rep, sentence_vec_cat, trigger_vec_cat

================================================
FILE: model/soft_encoder.py
================================================
"""soft_encoder.py: Encoding sentence with LSTM.
It encodes sentence with Bi-LSTM.
After encoding, it uses all tokens for sentence, and extract some parts for trigger.

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""

from config import ContextEmb
from model.charbilstm import CharBiLSTM
from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pack_padded_sequence, pad_packed_sequence
import torch.nn as nn
import torch

class SoftEncoder(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config, encoder = None):
        super(SoftEncoder, self).__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.device = config.device
        self.use_char = config.use_char_rnn
        self.context_emb = config.context_emb
        self.input_size = config.embedding_dim

        if self.context_emb != ContextEmb.none:
            self.input_size += config.context_emb_size
        if self.use_char:
            self.char_feature = CharBiLSTM(config)
            self.input_size += config.charlstm_hidden_dim

        self.word_embedding = nn.Embedding.from_pretrained(torch.FloatTensor(config.word_embedding), freeze=False).to(self.device)
        self.word_drop = nn.Dropout(config.dropout).to(self.device)
        self.lstm = nn.LSTM(self.input_size, config.hidden_dim // 2, num_layers=1, batch_first=True, bidirectional=True).to(self.device)

        if encoder is not None:
            if self.use_char:
                self.char_feature = encoder.char_feature
            self.word_embedding = encoder.word_embedding
            self.word_drop = encoder.word_drop
            self.lstm = encoder.lstm


    def forward(self, word_seq_tensor: torch.Tensor,
                word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
                batch_context_emb: torch.Tensor,
                char_inputs: torch.Tensor,
                char_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
                trigger_position):

        """
        Get sentence and trigger encodings by Bi-LSTM
        :param word_seq_tensor:
        :param word_seq_lens:
        :param batch_context_emb:
        :param char_inputs:
        :param char_seq_lens:
        :param trigger_position: trigger positions in sentence (e.g. [1,4,5])
        :return:
        """

        # lstm_encoding
        word_emb = self.word_embedding(word_seq_tensor)
        if self.context_emb != ContextEmb.none:
            word_emb = torch.cat([word_emb, batch_context_emb.to(self.device)], 2)
        if self.use_char:
            char_features = self.char_feature(char_inputs, char_seq_lens)
            word_emb = torch.cat([word_emb, char_features], 2)
        word_rep = self.word_drop(word_emb)
        sorted_seq_len, permIdx = word_seq_lens.sort(0, descending=True)
        _, recover_idx = permIdx.sort(0, descending=False)
        sorted_seq_tensor = word_rep[permIdx]
        packed_words = pack_padded_sequence(sorted_seq_tensor, sorted_seq_len.cpu(), True)
        output, _ = self.lstm(packed_words, None)
        output, _ = pad_packed_sequence(output, batch_first=True)
        output = output[recover_idx]
        sentence_mask = (word_seq_tensor != torch.tensor(0)).float()

        # trigger part extraction
        if trigger_position is not None:
            max_length = 0
            output_e_list = []
            output_list = [output[i, :, :] for i in range(0, word_rep.size(0))]
            for output_l, trigger_p in zip(output_list, trigger_position):
                output_e = torch.stack([output_l[p, :] for p in trigger_p])
                output_e_list.append(output_e)
                if max_length < output_e.size(0):
                    max_length = output_e.size(0)

            trigger_vec = []
            trigger_mask = []
            for output_e in output_e_list:
                trigger_vec.append(torch.cat([output_e, output_e.new_zeros(max_length - output_e.size(0), self.config.hidden_dim)], 0))
                t_ms = []
                for i in range(output_e.size(0)):
                    t_ms.append(True)
                for i in range(output_e.size(0), max_length):
                    t_ms.append(False)
                t_ms = torch.tensor(t_ms)
                trigger_mask.append(t_ms)
            trigger_vec = torch.stack(trigger_vec)
            trigger_mask = torch.stack(trigger_mask).float()
        else:
            trigger_vec = None
            trigger_mask = None

        return output, sentence_mask, trigger_vec, trigger_mask


================================================
FILE: model/soft_inferencer.py
================================================
"""soft_inferencer.py: Inference on Unlabeled Sentences
compute the similarities between the self-attended sentence representations and the trigger representations.
using the most suitable triggers as additional inputs to inferencer. (CRF)

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""
from config import ContextEmb, batching_list_instances
from config.eval import evaluate_batch_insts
from config.utils import get_optimizer
from model.linear_crf_inferencer import LinearCRF
from model.soft_encoder import SoftEncoder
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.autograd import Variable
from tqdm import tqdm
import numpy as np

class SoftSequence(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config, softmatcher, encoder=None, print_info=True):
        super(SoftSequence, self).__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.device = config.device
        self.encoder = SoftEncoder(self.config)
        if encoder is not None:
            self.encoder = encoder

        self.softmatch_encoder = softmatcher.encoder
        self.softmatch_attention = softmatcher.attention
        self.label_size = config.label_size
        self.inferencer = LinearCRF(config, print_info=print_info)
        self.hidden2tag = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim * 2, self.label_size).to(self.device)

        self.w1 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim, config.hidden_dim // 2).to(self.device)
        self.w2 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim // 2, config.hidden_dim // 2).to(self.device)
        self.attn1 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim // 2, 1).to(self.device)
        self.attn2 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim + config.hidden_dim // 2, 1).to(self.device)
        self.attn3 = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim // 2, 1).to(self.device)

        self.applying = Variable(torch.randn(config.hidden_dim, config.hidden_dim // 2), requires_grad=True).to(self.device)
        self.tanh = nn.Tanh().to(self.device)
        self.perturb = nn.Dropout(config.dropout).to(self.device)


    def forward(self, word_seq_tensor: torch.Tensor,
                word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
                batch_context_emb: torch.Tensor,
                char_inputs: torch.Tensor,
                char_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
                trigger_position, tags):

        batch_size = word_seq_tensor.size(0)
        max_sent_len = word_seq_tensor.size(1)

        output, sentence_mask, trigger_vec, trigger_mask = \
            self.encoder(word_seq_tensor, word_seq_lens, batch_context_emb, char_inputs, char_seq_lens,
                         trigger_position)

        if trigger_vec is not None:
            trig_rep, sentence_vec_cat, trigger_vec_cat = self.softmatch_attention(output, sentence_mask, trigger_vec, trigger_mask)

            # attention
            weights = []
            for i in range(len(output)):
                trig_applied = self.tanh(self.w1(output[i].unsqueeze(0)) + self.w2(trig_rep[i].unsqueeze(0).unsqueeze(0)))
                x = self.attn1(trig_applied) #63,1
                x = torch.mul(x.squeeze(0), sentence_mask[i].unsqueeze(1))
                x[x==0] = float('-inf')
                weights.append(x)
            normalized_weights = F.softmax(torch.stack(weights), 1)
            attn_applied1 = torch.mul(normalized_weights.repeat(1,1,output.size(2)), output)
        else:
            weights = []
            for i in range(len(output)):
                trig_applied = self.tanh(
                    self.w1(output[i].unsqueeze(0)) + self.w1(output[i].unsqueeze(0)))
                x = self.attn1(trig_applied)  # 63,1
                x = torch.mul(x.squeeze(0), sentence_mask[i].unsqueeze(1))
                x[x == 0] = float('-inf')
                weights.append(x)
            normalized_weights = F.softmax(torch.stack(weights), 1)
            attn_applied1 = torch.mul(normalized_weights.repeat(1, 1, output.size(2)), output)

        output = torch.cat([output, attn_applied1], dim=2)
        lstm_scores = self.hidden2tag(output)
        maskTemp = torch.arange(1, max_sent_len + 1, dtype=torch.long).view(1, max_sent_len).expand(batch_size,
                                                                                                    max_sent_len).to(
            self.device)
        mask = torch.le(maskTemp, word_seq_lens.view(batch_size, 1).expand(batch_size, max_sent_len)).to(self.device)

        if self.inferencer is not None:
            unlabeled_score, labeled_score = self.inferencer(lstm_scores, word_seq_lens, tags, mask)
            sequence_loss = unlabeled_score - labeled_score
        else:
            sequence_loss = self.compute_nll_loss(lstm_scores, tags, mask, word_seq_lens)

        return sequence_loss


    def decode(self, word_seq_tensor: torch.Tensor,
               word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
               batch_context_emb: torch.Tensor,
               char_inputs: torch.Tensor,
               char_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
               trig_rep):

        output, sentence_mask, _, _ = \
            self.encoder(word_seq_tensor, word_seq_lens, batch_context_emb, char_inputs, char_seq_lens, None)

        soft_output, soft_sentence_mask, _, _ = \
            self.softmatch_encoder(word_seq_tensor, word_seq_lens, batch_context_emb, char_inputs, char_seq_lens, None)
        soft_sent_rep = self.softmatch_attention.attention(soft_output, soft_sentence_mask)

        trig_vec = trig_rep[0]
        trig_key = trig_rep[1]

        n = soft_sent_rep.size(0)
        m = trig_vec.size(0)
        d = soft_sent_rep.size(1)

        soft_sent_rep_dist = soft_sent_rep.unsqueeze(1).expand(n, m, d)
        trig_vec_dist = trig_vec.unsqueeze(0).expand(n, m, d)

        dist = torch.pow(soft_sent_rep_dist-trig_vec_dist, 2).sum(2).sqrt()
        dvalue, dindices = torch.min(dist, dim=1)

        trigger_list = []
        for i in dindices.tolist():
            trigger_list.append(trig_vec[i])
        trig_rep = torch.stack(trigger_list)

        # attention
        weights = []
        for i in range(len(output)):
            trig_applied = self.tanh(self.w1(output[i].unsqueeze(0)) + self.w2(trig_rep[i].unsqueeze(0).unsqueeze(0)))
            x = self.attn1(trig_applied)
            x = torch.mul(x.squeeze(0), sentence_mask[i].unsqueeze(1))
            x[x == 0] = float('-inf')
            weights.append(x)
        normalized_weights = F.softmax(torch.stack(weights), 1)
        attn_applied1 = torch.mul(normalized_weights.repeat(1, 1, output.size(2)), output)


        output = torch.cat([output, attn_applied1], dim=2)

        lstm_scores = self.hidden2tag(output)
        bestScores, decodeIdx = self.inferencer.decode(lstm_scores, word_seq_lens, None)

        return bestScores, decodeIdx


class SoftSequenceTrainer(object):
    def __init__(self, model, config, dev, test, triggers):
        self.model = model
        self.config = config
        self.device = config.device
        self.input_size = config.embedding_dim
        self.context_emb = config.context_emb
        self.use_char = config.use_char_rnn
        self.triggers = triggers
        if self.context_emb != ContextEmb.none:
            self.input_size += config.context_emb_size
        if self.use_char:
            self.input_size += config.charlstm_hidden_dim
        self.dev = dev
        self.test = test


    def train_model(self, num_epochs, train_data, eval):
        batched_data = batching_list_instances(self.config, train_data)
        self.optimizer = get_optimizer(self.config, self.model, 'sgd')
        for epoch in range(num_epochs):
            epoch_loss = 0
            self.model.zero_grad()
            for index in tqdm(np.random.permutation(len(batched_data))):
                self.model.train()
                sequence_loss = self.model(*batched_data[index][0:5], batched_data[index][-2], batched_data[index][-3])
                loss = sequence_loss
                epoch_loss = epoch_loss + loss.data
                loss.backward(retain_graph=True)
                self.optimizer.step()
                self.model.zero_grad()
            print(epoch_loss)
            if eval:
                self.model.eval()
                dev_batches = batching_list_instances(self.config, self.dev)
                test_batches = batching_list_instances(self.config, self.test)
                dev_metrics = self.evaluate_model(dev_batches, "dev", self.dev, self.triggers)
                test_metrics = self.evaluate_model(test_batches, "test", self.test, self.triggers)
                self.model.zero_grad()
        return self.model


    def self_training(self, num_epochs, train_data, unlabeled_data):
        self.optimizer = get_optimizer(self.config, self.model, 'sgd')
        merged_data = train_data
        unlabels = unlabeled_data
        for epoch in range(num_epochs):
            batched_data = batching_list_instances(self.config, merged_data)
            epoch_loss = 0
            self.model.zero_grad()
            for index in tqdm(np.random.permutation(len(batched_data))):
                self.model.train()
                sequence_loss = self.model(*batched_data[index][0:5], batched_data[index][-2], batched_data[index][-3])
                loss = sequence_loss
                epoch_loss = epoch_loss + loss.data
                loss.backward(retain_graph=True)
                self.optimizer.step()
                self.model.zero_grad()
            print(epoch_loss)

            self.model.eval()
            dev_batches = batching_list_instances(self.config, self.dev)
            test_batches = batching_list_instances(self.config, self.test)
            dev_metrics = self.evaluate_model(dev_batches, "dev", self.dev, self.triggers)
            test_metrics = self.evaluate_model(test_batches, "test", self.test, self.triggers)
            self.model.zero_grad()

            weaklabel, unlabel = self.weak_label_selftrain(unlabels, self.triggers)
            merged_data = merged_data + weaklabel
            unlabels = unlabel
            print(len(merged_data), len(weaklabel), len(unlabels))
        return self.model


    def evaluate_model(self, batch_insts_ids, name: str, insts, triggers):
        ## evaluation
        metrics = np.asarray([0, 0, 0], dtype=int)
        batch_id = 0
        batch_size = self.config.batch_size
        for batch in batch_insts_ids:
            one_batch_insts = insts[batch_id * batch_size:(batch_id + 1) * batch_size]
            batch_max_scores, batch_max_ids = self.model.decode(*batch[0:5], triggers)
            metrics += evaluate_batch_insts(one_batch_insts, batch_max_ids, batch[6], batch[1], self.config.idx2labels,
                                            self.config.use_crf_layer)
            batch_id += 1
        p, total_predict, total_entity = metrics[0], metrics[1], metrics[2]
        precision = p * 1.0 / total_predict * 100 if total_predict != 0 else 0
        recall = p * 1.0 / total_entity * 100 if total_entity != 0 else 0
        fscore = 2.0 * precision * recall / (precision + recall) if precision != 0 or recall != 0 else 0
        print("[%s set] Precision: %.2f, Recall: %.2f, F1: %.2f" % (name, precision, recall, fscore), flush=True)
        return [precision, recall, fscore]


    def weakly_labeling(self, batch_insts_ids, insts, triggers):
        batch_id = 0
        batch_size = self.config.batch_size
        matched = []
        matched_scores = []
        matched_sentences = 0
        unlabeled = []
        for batch in batch_insts_ids:
            one_batch_insts = insts[batch_id * batch_size:(batch_id + 1) * batch_size]
            batch_max_scores, batch_max_ids = self.model.decode(*batch[0:5], triggers)
            match_indices = (torch.sum(batch_max_ids, dim=1) > 0).nonzero().squeeze(1).tolist()
            unmatch_indices = (torch.sum(batch_max_ids, dim=1) == 0).nonzero().squeeze(1).tolist()
            matched_sentences += len(match_indices)
            word_seq_lens = batch[1].cpu().numpy()
            for idx in match_indices:
                length = word_seq_lens[idx]
                prediction = batch_max_ids[idx][:length].tolist()
                prediction = prediction[::-1]
                is_match = False
                for pred in prediction:
                    if pred != self.config.label2idx['O']:
                        one_batch_insts[idx].output_ids = prediction
                        one_batch_insts[idx].trigger_label = -1
                        one_batch_insts[idx].trigger_positions = [i for i in range(0, len(prediction))]
                        matched.append(one_batch_insts[idx])
                        matched_scores.append(batch_max_scores[idx])
                        is_match = True
                        break
                if is_match == False:
                    unlabeled.append(one_batch_insts[idx])
            for idx in unmatch_indices:
                unlabeled.append(one_batch_insts[idx])
            batch_id += 1
        return matched, unlabeled, matched_scores


    def weak_label_selftrain(self, unlabeled_data, triggers):
        batched_data = batching_list_instances(self.config, unlabeled_data, is_soft=False, is_naive=True)
        weakly_labeled, unlabeled, confidence = self.weakly_labeling(batched_data, unlabeled_data, triggers)

        confidence_order = [i[0] for i in sorted(enumerate(confidence), key=lambda x: x[1])]
        threshold = int(len(confidence_order) * 0.01)
        high_confidence = confidence_order[:threshold]
        low_confidence = confidence_order[threshold:]

        final_weakly_labeled = [weakly_labeled[i] for i in high_confidence]
        unlabeled = unlabeled + [weakly_labeled[i] for i in low_confidence]

        return final_weakly_labeled, unlabeled

================================================
FILE: model/soft_inferencer_naive.py
================================================
"""soft_inferencer_navie.py: Inference on Unlabeled Sentences (without trigger - baseline setting)
Baseline setting inference. (normal BLSTM-CRF.)

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""
from config import ContextEmb, batching_list_instances
from config.utils import get_optimizer
from config.eval import evaluate_batch_insts
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from model.linear_crf_inferencer import LinearCRF
from model.soft_encoder import SoftEncoder
from tqdm import tqdm
import numpy as np

class SoftSequenceNaive(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config,  encoder=None, print_info=True):
        super(SoftSequenceNaive, self).__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.device = config.device

        self.encoder = SoftEncoder(self.config)
        if encoder is not None:
            self.encoder = encoder

        self.label_size = config.label_size
        self.inferencer = LinearCRF(config, print_info=print_info)
        self.hidden2tag = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim, self.label_size).to(self.device)

    def forward(self, word_seq_tensor: torch.Tensor,
                word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
                batch_context_emb: torch.Tensor,
                char_inputs: torch.Tensor,
                char_seq_lens: torch.Tensor, tags):

        batch_size = word_seq_tensor.size(0)
        max_sent_len = word_seq_tensor.size(1)

        output, sentence_mask, _, _ = \
            self.encoder(word_seq_tensor, word_seq_lens, batch_context_emb, char_inputs, char_seq_lens, None)

        lstm_scores = self.hidden2tag(output)
        maskTemp = torch.arange(1, max_sent_len + 1, dtype=torch.long).view(1, max_sent_len).expand(batch_size, max_sent_len).to(self.device)
        mask = torch.le(maskTemp, word_seq_lens.view(batch_size, 1).expand(batch_size, max_sent_len)).to(self.device)

        if self.inferencer is not None:
            unlabeled_score, labeled_score = self.inferencer(lstm_scores, word_seq_lens, tags, mask)
            sequence_loss = unlabeled_score - labeled_score
        else:
            sequence_loss = self.compute_nll_loss(lstm_scores, tags, mask, word_seq_lens)

        return sequence_loss

    def decode(self, word_seq_tensor: torch.Tensor,
                word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
                batch_context_emb: torch.Tensor,
                char_inputs: torch.Tensor,
                char_seq_lens: torch.Tensor):

        soft_output, soft_sentence_mask, _, _ = \
                    self.encoder(word_seq_tensor, word_seq_lens, batch_context_emb, char_inputs, char_seq_lens, None)
        lstm_scores = self.hidden2tag(soft_output)
        if self.inferencer is not None:
            bestScores, decodeIdx = self.inferencer.decode(lstm_scores, word_seq_lens, None)
        return bestScores, decodeIdx


class SoftSequenceNaiveTrainer(object):
    def __init__(self, model, config, dev, test):
        self.model = model
        self.config = config
        self.device = config.device
        self.input_size = config.embedding_dim
        self.context_emb = config.context_emb
        self.use_char = config.use_char_rnn
        if self.context_emb != ContextEmb.none:
            self.input_size += config.context_emb_size
        if self.use_char:
            self.input_size += config.charlstm_hidden_dim
        self.dev = dev
        self.test = test

    def train_model(self, num_epochs, train_data):
        batched_data = batching_list_instances(self.config, train_data)
        self.optimizer = get_optimizer(self.config, self.model, self.config.optimizer)
        for epoch in range(num_epochs):
            epoch_loss = 0
            self.model.zero_grad()
            for index in tqdm(np.random.permutation(len(batched_data))):
                self.model.train()
                sequence_loss = self.model(*batched_data[index][0:5], batched_data[index][-3])
                loss = sequence_loss
                epoch_loss = epoch_loss + loss.data
                loss.backward(retain_graph=True)
                self.optimizer.step()
                self.model.zero_grad()
            print(epoch_loss)

            self.model.eval()

            dev_batches = batching_list_instances(self.config, self.dev)
            test_batches = batching_list_instances(self.config, self.test)
            dev_metrics = self.evaluate_model(dev_batches, "dev", self.dev)
            test_metrics = self.evaluate_model(test_batches, "test", self.test)
            self.model.zero_grad()
        return self.model

    def evaluate_model(self, batch_insts_ids, name: str, insts):
        ## evaluation
        metrics = np.asarray([0, 0, 0], dtype=int)
        batch_id = 0
        batch_size = self.config.batch_size
        for batch in batch_insts_ids:
            one_batch_insts = insts[batch_id * batch_size:(batch_id + 1) * batch_size]
            batch_max_scores, batch_max_ids = self.model.decode(*batch[0:5])
            metrics += evaluate_batch_insts(one_batch_insts, batch_max_ids, batch[6], batch[1], self.config.idx2labels,
                                            self.config.use_crf_layer)
            batch_id += 1
        p, total_predict, total_entity = metrics[0], metrics[1], metrics[2]
        precision = p * 1.0 / total_predict * 100 if total_predict != 0 else 0
        recall = p * 1.0 / total_entity * 100 if total_entity != 0 else 0
        fscore = 2.0 * precision * recall / (precision + recall) if precision != 0 or recall != 0 else 0
        print("[%s set] Precision: %.2f, Recall: %.2f, F1: %.2f" % (name, precision, recall, fscore), flush=True)
        return [precision, recall, fscore]




================================================
FILE: model/soft_matcher.py
================================================
"""soft_matcher.py: Joint training between trigger encoder and trigger matcher
It jointly trains the trigger encoder and trigger matcher

trigger encoder -> classification of trigger representation from encoder / attention
trigger matcher -> contrastive loss of sentence representation and trigger representation from encoder / attention

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""

from config import ContextEmb, batching_list_instances
from config.utils import get_optimizer
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from model.soft_encoder import SoftEncoder
from model.soft_attention import SoftAttention
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score
from tqdm import tqdm
import numpy as np

class ContrastiveLoss(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, margin, device):
        super(ContrastiveLoss, self).__init__()
        self.margin = margin
        self.eps = 1e-9
        self.device = device

    def forward(self, output1, output2, target, size_average=True):
        target = target.to(self.device)
        distances = (output2 - output1).pow(2).sum(1).to(self.device)  # squared distances
        losses = 0.5 * (target.float() * distances +
                        (1 + -1 * target).float() * F.relu(self.margin - (distances + self.eps).sqrt()).pow(2))
        return losses.mean() if size_average else losses.sum()


class SoftMatcher(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, config, num_classes):
        super(SoftMatcher, self).__init__()
        self.config = config
        self.device = config.device

        self.encoder = SoftEncoder(self.config)
        self.attention = SoftAttention(self.config)

        # final calssification layers
        self.trigger_type_layer = nn.Linear(config.hidden_dim // 2, num_classes).to(self.device)

    def forward(self, word_seq_tensor: torch.Tensor,
                word_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
                batch_context_emb: torch.Tensor,
                char_inputs: torch.Tensor,
                char_seq_lens: torch.Tensor,
                trigger_position):

        output, sentence_mask, trigger_vec, trigger_mask = \
            self.encoder(word_seq_tensor, word_seq_lens, batch_context_emb, char_inputs, char_seq_lens, trigger_position)
        trig_rep, sentence_vec_cat, trigger_vec_cat = self.attention(output, sentence_mask, trigger_vec, trigger_mask)
        final_trigger_type = self.trigger_type_layer(trig_rep)
        return trig_rep, F.log_softmax(final_trigger_type, dim=1), sentence_vec_cat, trigger_vec_cat


class SoftMatcherTrainer(object):
    def __init__(self, model, config, dev, test):
        self.model = model
        self.config = config
        self.device = config.device
        self.input_size = config.embedding_dim
        self.context_emb = config.context_emb
        self.use_char = config.use_char_rnn
        if self.context_emb != ContextEmb.none:
            self.input_size += config.context_emb_size
        if self.use_char:
            self.input_size += config.charlstm_hidden_dim
        self.contrastive_loss = ContrastiveLoss(1.0, self.device)
        self.dev = dev
        self.test = test

    def train_model(self, num_epochs, train_data):
        batched_data = batching_list_instances(self.config, train_data)
        self.optimizer = get_optimizer(self.config, self.model, 'adam')
        criterion = nn.NLLLoss()
        for epoch in range(num_epochs):
            epoch_loss = 0
            self.model.zero_grad()
            for index in tqdm(np.random.permutation(len(batched_data))):
                self.model.train()
                trig_rep, trig_type_probas, match_trig, match_sent = self.model(*batched_data[index][0:5], batched_data[index][-2])
                trigger_loss = criterion(trig_type_probas, batched_data[index][-1])
                soft_matching_loss = self.contrastive_loss(match_trig, match_sent, torch.stack([torch.tensor(1)]*trig_rep.size(0) + [torch.tensor(0)]*trig_rep.size(0)))
                loss = trigger_loss + soft_matching_loss
                epoch_loss = epoch_loss + loss.data
                loss.backward(retain_graph=True)
                self.optimizer.step()
                self.model.zero_grad()
            print(epoch_loss)
            self.test_model(train_data)
            self.model.zero_grad()

        return self.model


    def test_model(self, test_data):
        batched_data = batching_list_instances(self.config, test_data)
        self.model.eval()
        predicted_list = []
        target_list = []
        match_target_list = []
        matched_list = []
        for index in tqdm(np.random.permutation(len(batched_data))):
            trig_rep, trig_type_probas, match_trig, match_sent = self.model(*batched_data[index][0:5], batched_data[index][-2])
            trig_type_value, trig_type_predicted = torch.max(trig_type_probas, 1)
            target = batched_data[index][-1]
            target_list.extend(target.tolist())
            predicted_list.extend(trig_type_predicted.tolist())

            match_target_list.extend([torch.tensor(1)]*trig_rep.size(0) + [torch.tensor(0)]*trig_rep.size(0))
            distances = (match_trig - match_sent).pow(2).sum(1)
            distances = torch.sqrt(distances)
            matched_list.extend((distances < 1.0).long().tolist())

        print("trigger classification accuracy ", accuracy_score(predicted_list, target_list))
        print("soft matching accuracy ", accuracy_score(matched_list, match_target_list))


    def get_triggervec(self, data):
        batched_data = batching_list_instances(self.config, data)
        self.model.eval()
        logits_list = []
        predicted_list = []
        trigger_list = []
        for index in tqdm(range(len(batched_data))):
            trig_rep, trig_type_probas, match_trig, match_sent = self.model(*batched_data[index][0:5], batched_data[index][-2])
            trig_type_value, trig_type_predicted = torch.max(trig_type_probas, 1)
            ne_batch_insts = data[index * self.config.batch_size:(index + 1) * self.config.batch_size]
            for idx in range(len(trig_rep)):
                ne_batch_insts[idx].trigger_vec = trig_rep[idx]
            logits_list.extend(trig_rep)
            predicted_list.extend(trig_type_predicted)
            word_seq = batched_data[index][0]
            trigger_positions = batched_data[index][-2]

            for ws, tp in zip(word_seq, trigger_positions):
                trigger_list.append(" ".join(self.config.idx2word[ws[index]] for index in tp))

        return logits_list, predicted_list, trigger_list


================================================
FILE: naive.py
================================================
"""naive.py: Testing baselines

baseline setting (Bi-LSTM / CRF)
use percentage argument to reproduce the results (20 %)

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""
from model.soft_inferencer_naive import *
from config import Reader, Config, ContextEmb
from config.utils import load_bert_vec
import argparse, random

def parse_arguments(parser):
    parser.add_argument('--device', type=str, default="cpu", choices=['cpu', 'cuda:0', 'cuda:1', 'cuda:2','cuda:3', 'cuda:4', 'cuda:5', 'cuda:6'],
                        help="GPU/CPU devices")
    parser.add_argument('--seed', type=int, default=42, help="random seed")
    parser.add_argument('--digit2zero', action="store_true", default=True,
                        help="convert the number to 0, make it true is better")
    parser.add_argument('--dataset', type=str, default="CONLL")
    parser.add_argument('--embedding_file', type=str, default="dataset/glove.6B.100d.txt",
                        help="we will using random embeddings if file do not exist")
    parser.add_argument('--embedding_dim', type=int, default=100)
    parser.add_argument('--optimizer', type=str, default="sgd")
    parser.add_argument('--learning_rate', type=float, default=0.01)
    parser.add_argument('--momentum', type=float, default=0.0)
    parser.add_argument('--l2', type=float, default=1e-8)
    parser.add_argument('--lr_decay', type=float, default=0)
    parser.add_argument('--batch_size', type=int, default=10, help="default batch size is 10 (works well)")
    parser.add_argument('--num_epochs', type=int, default=10, help="Usually we set to 10.")
    parser.add_argument('--num_epochs_soft', type=int, default=20, help="Usually we set to 20.")
    parser.add_argument('--train_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--dev_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--test_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--trig_optimizer', type=str, default="adam")

    ##model hyperparameter
    parser.add_argument('--model_folder', type=str, default="english_model", help="The name to save the model files")
    parser.add_argument('--hidden_dim', type=int, default=200, help="hidden size of the LSTM")
    parser.add_argument('--use_crf_layer', type=int, default=1, help="1 is for using crf layer, 0 for not using CRF layer", choices=[0,1])
    parser.add_argument('--dropout', type=float, default=0.5, help="dropout for embedding")
    parser.add_argument('--use_char_rnn', type=int, default=1, choices=[0, 1], help="use character-level lstm, 0 or 1")
    parser.add_argument('--context_emb', type=str, default="none", choices=["none", "elmo", "bert"], help="contextual word embedding")
    parser.add_argument('--ds_setting', nargs='+', help="+ hard / soft matching") # soft, hard
    parser.add_argument('--percentage', type=int, default=100, help="how much percentage of training dataset to use")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    for k in args.__dict__:
        print(k + ": " + str(args.__dict__[k]))
    return args


parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
opt = parse_arguments(parser)
conf = Config(opt)
reader = Reader(conf.digit2zero)
dataset = reader.read_txt(conf.train_file, conf.dev_num)
devs = reader.read_txt(conf.dev_file, conf.dev_num)
tests = reader.read_txt(conf.test_file, conf.test_num)
print(len(dataset))
if conf.context_emb == ContextEmb.bert:
    print('Loading the BERT vectors for all datasets.')
    conf.context_emb_size = load_bert_vec(conf.trigger_file + "." + conf.context_emb.name + ".vec", dataset)

# setting for data
conf.use_iobes(dataset)
conf.use_iobes(devs)
conf.use_iobes(tests)

conf.build_label_idx(dataset)
conf.build_word_idx(dataset, devs, tests)
conf.build_emb_table()
conf.map_insts_ids(dataset)
conf.map_insts_ids(devs)
conf.map_insts_ids(tests)

# dataset division
numbers = int(len(dataset) * conf.percentage / 100)
initial_trains = dataset[:numbers]
random.shuffle(initial_trains)

encoder = SoftSequenceNaive(conf)
trainer = SoftSequenceNaiveTrainer(encoder, conf, devs, tests)
trainer.train_model(conf.num_epochs, initial_trains)




================================================
FILE: requirments.txt
================================================
torch >= 0.4.1
numpy
overrides == 2.0
tqdm
termcolor
sklearn
matplotlib
pytorch_pretrained_bert


================================================
FILE: semi_supervised.py
================================================
"""semi_supervised.py: semi_supervised learning with triggers (self training)

using 20% of the train data w/ triggers (already in trigger_20.txt file in each dataset),
and rest 80% of train data as unlabeled dataset.

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""
from model.soft_matcher import *
from model.soft_inferencer import *
from model.soft_inferencer_naive import SoftSequenceNaive
from config import Reader, Config, ContextEmb
from config.utils import load_bert_vec, get_optimizer, lr_decay
from config.eval import evaluate_batch_insts
from util import remove_duplicates
from typing import List
from tqdm import tqdm
from common import Sentence, Instance
import argparse, os, time, random
import numpy as np

def parse_arguments(parser):
    ###Training Hyperparameters
    parser.add_argument('--device', type=str, default="cpu", choices=['cpu', 'cuda:0', 'cuda:1', 'cuda:2','cuda:3', 'cuda:4', 'cuda:5', 'cuda:6'],
                        help="GPU/CPU devices")
    parser.add_argument('--seed', type=int, default=42, help="random seed")
    parser.add_argument('--digit2zero', action="store_true", default=True,
                        help="convert the number to 0, make it true is better")
    parser.add_argument('--dataset', type=str, default="CONLL")
    parser.add_argument('--embedding_file', type=str, default="dataset/glove.6B.100d.txt",
                        help="we will using random embeddings if file do not exist")
    parser.add_argument('--embedding_dim', type=int, default=100)
    parser.add_argument('--optimizer', type=str, default="sgd")
    parser.add_argument('--learning_rate', type=float, default=0.01)
    parser.add_argument('--momentum', type=float, default=0.0)
    parser.add_argument('--l2', type=float, default=1e-8)
    parser.add_argument('--lr_decay', type=float, default=0)
    parser.add_argument('--batch_size', type=int, default=10, help="default batch size is 10 (works well)")
    parser.add_argument('--num_epochs', type=int, default=10, help="Usually we set to 10.")
    parser.add_argument('--num_epochs_soft', type=int, default=20, help="Usually we set to 20.")
    parser.add_argument('--train_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--dev_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--test_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--trig_optimizer', type=str, default="adam")

    ##model hyperparameter
    parser.add_argument('--model_folder', type=str, default="english_model", help="The name to save the model files")
    parser.add_argument('--hidden_dim', type=int, default=200, help="hidden size of the LSTM")
    parser.add_argument('--use_crf_layer', type=int, default=1, help="1 is for using crf layer, 0 for not using CRF layer", choices=[0,1])
    parser.add_argument('--dropout', type=float, default=0.5, help="dropout for embedding")
    parser.add_argument('--use_char_rnn', type=int, default=1, choices=[0, 1], help="use character-level lstm, 0 or 1")
    parser.add_argument('--context_emb', type=str, default="none", choices=["none", "elmo", "bert"], help="contextual word embedding")
    parser.add_argument('--ds_setting', nargs='+', help="+ hard / soft matching") # soft, hard
    parser.add_argument('--percentage', type=int, default=100, help="how much percentage of training dataset to use")
    parser.add_argument('--unlabeled_percentage', type=float, default=0.8, help="how much percentage of training dataset to be used for unlabeld data")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    for k in args.__dict__:
        print(k + ": " + str(args.__dict__[k]))
    return args

def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    opt = parse_arguments(parser)
    conf = Config(opt)
    reader = Reader(conf.digit2zero)
    dataset, max_length, label_length = reader.read_trigger_txt(conf.trigger_file, -1)

    reader.merge_labels(dataset)

    trains = reader.read_txt(conf.train_all_file, conf.train_num)
    devs = reader.read_txt(conf.dev_file, conf.dev_num)
    tests = reader.read_txt(conf.test_file, conf.test_num)
    print(len(dataset))
    if conf.context_emb == ContextEmb.bert:
        print('Loading the BERT vectors for all datasets.')
        conf.context_emb_size = load_bert_vec(conf.trigger_file + "." + conf.context_emb.name + ".vec", dataset)

    # setting for data
    conf.use_iobes(trains)
    conf.use_iobes(dataset)
    conf.use_iobes(devs)
    conf.use_iobes(tests)

    conf.optimizer = opt.trig_optimizer
    conf.build_label_idx(dataset)
    conf.build_word_idx(trains, devs, tests)
    conf.build_emb_table()
    conf.map_insts_ids(dataset)
    conf.map_insts_ids(trains)
    conf.map_insts_ids(devs)
    conf.map_insts_ids(tests)

    dataset = reader.trigger_percentage(dataset, conf.percentage)
    encoder = SoftMatcher(conf, label_length)
    trainer = SoftMatcherTrainer(encoder, conf, devs, tests)

    # matching module training
    random.shuffle(dataset)
    trainer.train_model(conf.num_epochs_soft, dataset)
    logits, predicted, triggers = trainer.get_triggervec(dataset)
    # all the trigger vectors, trigger type, string name of the trigger
    triggers_remove = remove_duplicates(logits, predicted, triggers, dataset)

    numbers = int(len(trains) * (1 - opt.unlabeled_percentage))
    print("number of train instances : ", numbers)
    initial_trains = trains[:numbers]
    unlabeled_x = trains[numbers:]

    for data in unlabeled_x:
        data.output_ids = None

    # sequence labeling module self-training
    random.shuffle(dataset)
    inference = SoftSequence(conf, encoder)
    sequence_trainer = SoftSequenceTrainer(inference, conf, devs, tests, triggers_remove)
    sequence_trainer.self_training(conf.num_epochs, dataset, unlabeled_x)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
















================================================
FILE: supervised.py
================================================
"""supervised.py: supervised learning with triggers

using 20% of the train data w/ triggers (already in trigger_20.txt file in each dataset)

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""
from model.soft_matcher import *
from model.soft_inferencer import *
from config import Reader, Config, ContextEmb
from config.utils import load_bert_vec
import argparse
import random
from util import remove_duplicates

def parse_arguments(parser):
    parser.add_argument('--device', type=str, default="cpu", choices=['cpu', 'cuda:0', 'cuda:1', 'cuda:2','cuda:3', 'cuda:4', 'cuda:5', 'cuda:6'],
                        help="GPU/CPU devices")
    parser.add_argument('--seed', type=int, default=42, help="random seed")
    parser.add_argument('--digit2zero', action="store_true", default=True,
                        help="convert the number to 0, make it true is better")
    parser.add_argument('--dataset', type=str, default="CONLL")
    parser.add_argument('--embedding_file', type=str, default="dataset/glove.6B.100d.txt",
                        help="we will using random embeddings if file do not exist")
    parser.add_argument('--embedding_dim', type=int, default=100)
    parser.add_argument('--optimizer', type=str, default="sgd")
    parser.add_argument('--learning_rate', type=float, default=0.01)
    parser.add_argument('--momentum', type=float, default=0.0)
    parser.add_argument('--l2', type=float, default=1e-8)
    parser.add_argument('--lr_decay', type=float, default=0)
    parser.add_argument('--batch_size', type=int, default=10, help="default batch size is 10 (works well)")
    parser.add_argument('--num_epochs', type=int, default=10, help="Usually we set to 10.")
    parser.add_argument('--num_epochs_soft', type=int, default=20, help="Usually we set to 20.")
    parser.add_argument('--train_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--dev_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--test_num', type=int, default=-1, help="-1 means all the data")
    parser.add_argument('--trig_optimizer', type=str, default="adam")

    ##model hyperparameter
    parser.add_argument('--model_folder', type=str, default="english_model", help="The name to save the model files")
    parser.add_argument('--hidden_dim', type=int, default=200, help="hidden size of the LSTM")
    parser.add_argument('--use_crf_layer', type=int, default=1, help="1 is for using crf layer, 0 for not using CRF layer", choices=[0,1])
    parser.add_argument('--dropout', type=float, default=0.5, help="dropout for embedding")
    parser.add_argument('--use_char_rnn', type=int, default=1, choices=[0, 1], help="use character-level lstm, 0 or 1")
    parser.add_argument('--context_emb', type=str, default="none", choices=["none", "elmo", "bert"], help="contextual word embedding")
    parser.add_argument('--ds_setting', nargs='+', help="+ hard / soft matching") # soft, hard
    parser.add_argument('--percentage', type=int, default=100, help="how much percentage of training dataset to use")

    args = parser.parse_args()
    for k in args.__dict__:
        print(k + ": " + str(args.__dict__[k]))
    return args


parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
opt = parse_arguments(parser)
conf = Config(opt)
reader = Reader(conf.digit2zero)
dataset, max_length, label_length = reader.read_trigger_txt(conf.trigger_file, -1)
reader.merge_labels(dataset)

devs = reader.read_txt(conf.dev_file, conf.dev_num)
tests = reader.read_txt(conf.test_file, conf.test_num)
print(len(dataset))
if conf.context_emb == ContextEmb.bert:
    print('Loading the BERT vectors for all datasets.')
    conf.context_emb_size = load_bert_vec(conf.trigger_file + "." + conf.context_emb.name + ".vec", dataset)


# setting for data
conf.use_iobes(dataset)
conf.use_iobes(devs)
conf.use_iobes(tests)

conf.optimizer = opt.trig_optimizer
conf.build_label_idx(dataset)
conf.build_word_idx(dataset, devs, tests)
conf.build_emb_table()
conf.map_insts_ids(dataset)
conf.map_insts_ids(devs)
conf.map_insts_ids(tests)

dataset = reader.trigger_percentage(dataset, conf.percentage)
encoder = SoftMatcher(conf, label_length)
trainer = SoftMatcherTrainer(encoder, conf, devs, tests)

# matching module training
random.shuffle(dataset)
trainer.train_model(conf.num_epochs_soft, dataset)
logits, predicted, triggers = trainer.get_triggervec(dataset)
triggers_remove = remove_duplicates(logits, predicted, triggers, dataset)

# sequence labeling module training
random.shuffle(dataset)
inference = SoftSequence(conf, encoder)
sequence_trainer = SoftSequenceTrainer(inference, conf, devs, tests, triggers_remove)
sequence_trainer.train_model(conf.num_epochs, dataset, True)




================================================
FILE: util.py
================================================
"""util.py: polishing trigger set to use.

1. same trigger in different entity type -> delete
2. multiple same triggers -> merge it using mean pooling (temporary)

Written in 2020 by Dong-Ho Lee.
"""
from sklearn.manifold import TSNE
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import torch
from collections import Counter
from pytorch_pretrained_bert import BertTokenizer
from pytorch_pretrained_bert import BertModel
import os.path
import pickle
from tqdm import tqdm


def remove_duplicates(features, labels, triggers, dataset):
    feature_dict = dict()
    for feature, label, trigger in zip(features, labels, triggers):
        if trigger not in feature_dict:
            feature_dict[trigger] = []
            feature_dict[trigger].append((feature, label))
        else:
            feature_dict[trigger].append((feature, label))

    for key, value in feature_dict.items():
        embedding = [f[0] for f in feature_dict[key]]
        embedding = torch.mean(torch.stack(embedding), dim=0)
        for data in dataset:
            if key == data.trigger_key:
                data.trigger_vec = embedding

    duplicate_key = []
    for key, value in feature_dict.items():
        labels = [f[1] for f in feature_dict[key]]
        labels = set(labels)
        if len(labels) > 1:
            duplicate_key.append(key)

    for key in duplicate_key:
        del feature_dict[key]

    for key, value in feature_dict.items():
        embedding = [f[0] for f in feature_dict[key]]
        label = feature_dict[key][0][1]
        embedding = torch.mean(torch.stack(embedding), dim=0)
        feature_dict[key] = [embedding, label]

    trigger_key = []
    final_trigger = []
    for key, value in feature_dict.items():
        final_trigger.append(feature_dict[key][0])
        trigger_key.append(key)

    return torch.stack(final_trigger), trigger_key