Repository: davidswelt/zot_bib_web Branch: master Commit: 8591a7c1dcef Files: 25 Total size: 3.2 MB Directory structure: gitextract_fimm7l1u/ ├── .gitignore ├── ChangeLog.md ├── README.rst ├── demo/ │ ├── example1.html │ ├── example2.html │ ├── example3.html │ ├── example4.html │ ├── settings1.py │ ├── settings2.py │ ├── settings3.py │ ├── settings4.py │ ├── style1.css │ ├── style2.css │ ├── style3.css │ └── style4.css ├── make-demo.sh ├── make-doc/ │ ├── Makefile │ ├── conf.py │ ├── index.rst │ └── requirements.txt ├── push.py ├── settings_example.py ├── site/ │ └── style.css ├── texconv.py └── zot.py ================================================ FILE CONTENTS ================================================ ================================================ FILE: .gitignore ================================================ files/* zot.build .idea *.pyc *~ .cache _build __pycache__ ================================================ FILE: ChangeLog.md ================================================ Changes to Zot_bib_web https://github.com/davidswelt/zot_bib_web Author/Contact: Dr. David Reitter, College of Information Sciences & Technology, Penn State reitter@psu.edu zot_bib_web 2.1.0 ----------------------------------------- - Add --quiet and --verbose arguments and a `verbosity' configuration variable. Output is now primarily made to stderr. Other improvements to progress output. - Links in bib entries are now clickable. - Fix bugs in connection with empty author and title fields. - Fix problems with Windows in connection with non-ASCII characters - Various bugfixes. -- David Reitter 2018-01-04 zot_bib_web 2.0.4 ----------------------------------------- The program's configuration has been redesigned, and many more options for displaying and sorting the interactive bibliography are available. - Much simplified installation and setup. Improved documentation. Settings files can now load multiple collections from different libraries. Use user_collection(...) and group_collection(...) statements. See settings_example.py for documentation. Previous settings file are imported (with exception of the next item). - Documentation is now available at http://zot-bib-web.readthedocs.io . - You can sort the bibliographic items not just by collection as in the Zotero library, but also by year or by publication type (e.g., journal article, conference paper), and arbitrary hierarchies thereof. "Selected works" or "in review" papers can be extracted at the top. Even if ordering chronologically, without showing thematic collections, the bibliography can be filtered according to area with the collection shortcuts at the top. - Shortcuts at the top of the generated webpage can filter by years, collections, venues, publication type. - Files (like PDF files) stored in the Zotero library can now be written out and linked to. - Additional settings have become available. See settings_example.py. - Citations can be viewed in additional formats (see show_links configuration variable). For example, we can show the full entry in APA or MLA format (or any other style available). - Files attached to entries in Zotero can now be saved for upload to the server. (Requested by Selcuk Bilmis.) HTML archives are also supported. Notes are supported in a similar way, but are not functional until some bugs in PyZotero or the Zotero API are fixed. - Bibliographic entries can be numbered within their sections now. See the number_bib_items variable. - Added several worked examples with output in the demo folder. Run make-demo.sh to re-generate them. - Caching of Zotero retrieval makes repeated runs much faster. - Tested with Pyzotero 1.2.11. - Now compatible with Python 2.7 or Python 3.6. Compatibility-breaking Changes: - Catchallcollection is no longer available in program arguments or the settings file. Specify a "catch-all collection" via the & modifier directly in the name of the respective collection, e.g. "9999& Miscellaneous" (9999 if sorting at the end is desired). - Output file is not longer a positional argument to the program. Use -o instead. '-' is permissible for stdout. - Items in top-level collection are no longer excluded - Limit has been removed (replaced with caching) CSS and HTML Changes: - Search keywords are now prominently displayed when active - full-bib-section and short-bib-section divs now contain their respective section headings. - Nested collections can be indented or otherwise styled using CSS (new div.collection tags) - Several new class and id attributes to allow for more styling. - Buttons (e.g., Wikipedia, EndNote, BIB) have standard capitalization now. Style using CSS. Selected bug fixes: - Fix problem with nested collections that did not show in the correct location - Improved warning messages for double entries zot_bib_web 1.2.2 ----------------------------------------- - Fix bug that prevented RIS downloads from showing (and potentially other elements included in show_links depending on capitalization) - Improved instructions in settings example file - Tested with Pyzotero 1.2.0 and Python 2.7 zot_bib_web 1.2.0 ----------------------------------------- - A "show to clipboard" button is shown for bib and wikipedia code (configure with show_copy_button entry) - COINS information is now included. This means Zotero's browser plugins will work with the generated bibliographies - Wikipedia markup is included in the bibliography (configure with show_links setting) - The shortened section (e.g., "Selected Works") now shows the journal or conference title (to hide, use CSS style sheet) - Visitors can now select text for copy/paste without also copying the meaningless buttons (configure with smart_selections setting) - Style and js files necessary on the webserver are now in the "site" directory - toplevelfilter may be None now, in which case the entire library is used. - Many improvements to the generated HTML and supplied stylesheets - Better IE11 support - Tested with pyzotero 1.1.21 -- David Reitter 2017-01-28 ================================================ FILE: README.rst ================================================ Interactive web bibliographies with Zotero ========================================================= Example Installations --------------------- `Lab website at Penn State `__ `Personal website `__ Documentation ------------- http://zot-bib-web.readthedocs.io/ Author/Contact: ------------- David Reitter -- david.reitter@gmail.com http://www.david-reitter.com Features -------- This tool generates interactive web bibliographies based on one or more collections in a Zotero repository. Collections can be maintained by groups of people, using Zotero's web interface or their desktop applications. Bibliographies can be ordered by collection, by publication year, or by publication type (e.g., journal articles first), are interactively searchable, can be linked to PDF documents or other URLs, have records for BibTex, EndNote and Wikipedia, and can be exported to HTML or pushed to a Wordpress database. Zot\_bib\_web does not depend on any third-party web server. The generated bibliographies load quickly because they are stored as static files along with the rest of your website. This makes a good source for webcrawlers, including Google Scholar and CiteSeer. Setup is easy for anyone who runs their own website and knows how to use a command line (shell). The easiest way to use it is to call zot.py with the key of a public Zotero collection. It will make a zotero-bib.html file. Copy this, along with the "site" and "files" (if any) directory to your webserver. Demo ---- - View the HTML files in the demo folder for some examples of bibliographies. Their respective settings files and CSS style files are included. - Run:: ./zot.py --settings demo/settings3.py to see it in action. License and Donations --------------------- - Use and modify this software free of charge. - No warranty is provided whatsoever. - Please e-mail david.reitter@gmail.com a link to the bibliography on your website if you decide to use zot\_bib\_web. - You may use this software for free. Requirements ------------ - Python 2.7 or 3.6+ - Pyzotero. To install Pyzotero, a library for python:: sudo pip install pyzotero or:: sudo easy_install pyzotero - A Zotero collection with your bibliography (as user or as group) - Optional: dateutils package for Python (improves date parsing if present) Setup ----- - Ensure zot.py is executable (chmod ug+x zot.py) - Try it out. From a unix-like command-line, do this:: ./zot.py --group 160464 DTDTV2EP Then view zotero-bib.html in a browser. If that looks good, move on to the next steps for configuration. - In a new file called settings.py, add configuration as documented in the file settings\_example.py. Go to zotero.org to get your API secret key and your user or library IDs. It's easy: see the top of settings.example.py for details. If settings.py is set up, you can call zot.py without arguments. Alternatively, you can use give the primary settings in arguments to the program. Bibliography in Zotero ---------------------- - With Zotero, create a bibliography and note its ID (e.g., from the URL in the Zotero web interface). Example: ``MGID90AT``. This ID is what you need for the "toplevelfilter" variable in settings.py. - You can add sub-collections to your bibliography. - If you format ordered by collections, giving them an order may be helpful. You can name collections starting with a number: "10 Social Psychology". Here's an example of a bibliography structure:: My Publications [MGID90AT] 10 Selected Works 15 In Preparation / Under Review 20 Refereed Works by Topic Semantics Parsing Dialogue Machine Learning 30 Theses 40 Talks (Without Paper) To see this, use the provided settings.py as an example. Overview of Configuration options -------------------------------------- - Configuration takes place in a settings file, by default named settings.py. - Call ./zot.py --help to see a list of command-line options. - Please refer to the documentation for information on the settings file, or read settings\_example.py. A few options are discussed in the following. - You can order our bibliography by sub-collection, by year, or by publication type (e.g., journal articles first, then conference papers). Even within the higher-level categories you can sort your bibliographic entries as you wish. Use the "sort\_criteria" and "show\_top\_section\_headings" settings. - You can choose a different formatting convention. Default is APA format. - At the top, a search box and a set of shortcuts may be displayed: for example, several years or spans of years, publication types, or subcollections that indicate topic areas. A visitor may click on these to quickly filter the bibliography. - Configure the shortcuts shown at the top using the show\_shortcuts variable. 'collection', 'type', 'year', 'venue', 'venue\_short', and 'tags' are supported values, in addition to more fine-grained lists of values you can create using the shortcut() function. You can give the list of values or ranges (for years), their order, and some filtering to only show the most common ones. See settings.example.py for a detailed example. - There are several more options. Again, see settings\_example.py. Deployment to a web site ------------------------ - Upload the site folder or its contents to a public place on your web server. By default, /site/... is the assumed URL. To generate HTML and include it in a website: - run zot.py once/on demand, or install as cron job or service on a server Do not run it more than once a day. Configure it directly in zot.py, or in a separate file settings.py to make upgrading simple. - include the resulting file zotero-bib.html (or as configured) in your website as you see fit. You may also include individual collection files, which are also generated. You can configure zot.py to generate a complete HTML document, or just a portion of it. Zot\_bib\_web generates HTML5 content. - Style your bibliography using CSS. An example style file is included (see site/ directory). Wordpress Support ----------------- This package can push directly to a Wordpress site. A separate program "push.py" is included to do this. Follow these steps: 1. Set up zot.py to generate a bibliography you like. Call zot.py --full to generate a complete zotero-bib.html file for debugging purposes. Configure settings.py to not generate the full HTML code. 2. Install the wpautop-control plugin (or a similar plugin) to make sure that WP will not insert paragraph breaks at various places in the bibliography. With this plugin, you will need to add a "custom field" to the page created in the next step (Choose "Screen Options" at the top of the page view, enable custom fields. Then find custom fields at the very bottom of the page and add a "wpautop" field with value "no". 3. Create a WP page or a post for the bibliography. Insert [zot\_bib\_web COLLECTION] where you'd like the bibliography inserted. Replace COLLECTION with the ID of the collection. (More options: see push.py) 4. Copy the style sheet contents (in site/) to your Wordpress theme (select "editor", or "Additional CSS"). 5. Configure settings.py so that jquery and other files are available on the web server. Typically, this would be jquery\_path = "../wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js" clipboard.js and clippy.svg: You may refer to a public URL or serve the files yourself. 6. Configure push.py (at the top). You will need to know a few simple details about your WP installation. 7. Run push.py regularly or on demand. It will call zot.py automatically and then update the page in WP. ================================================ FILE: demo/example1.html ================================================ Bibliography

Bibliography

accepted

Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (accepted). Entropy in conversation: Towards an information-theoretic model of dialogue. Cognition, 45 pages.
Cognition
Cognition
Abstract
The principle of entropy rate constancy (ERC) states that language users distribute information such that words tend to be equally predictable given previous contexts. We examine the applicability of this principle to spoken dialogue‚ as previous findings primarily rest on written text. The study takes into account the joint-activity nature of dialogue and the topic shift mechanisms that are different from monologue. It examines how the information contributions from the two dialogue partners interactively evolve as the discourse develops. The increase of local sentence-level entropy (predicted by ERC) is shown to apply to dialogue overall. However‚ by identifying the different roles of interlocutors in introducing new topics (initiator vs. responder)‚ their contribution in information content displays a new converging pattern. The finding is explained through a combination of common ground (CG) theory and interactive alignment model (IAM)‚ on top of a discourse analysis of topic structures. Based on the analysis‚ we put forward a descriptive information-theoretic view of dialogue that casts dialogue as an information exchange system‚ within which the individual’s information production shows less predictable variation over time‚ but the joint contribution of the interlocutors as a whole does follow the prediction of ERC‚ i.e.‚ keeping the overall entropy rate constant.
BIB
@article{xunodateentropy, title = {Entropy in conversation: {Towards} an information-theoretic model of dialogue}, journal = {Cognition}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, pages = {45 pages} }
RIS

in review

Ororbia II, A. G., Mikolov, T., & Reitter, D. (in review). Learning Simpler Language Models with the Delta Recurrent Neural Network Framework.
Abstract
Learning useful information across long time lags is a critical and difficult problem for temporal neural models in tasks like language modeling. Existing architectures that address the issue are often complex and costly to train. The Delta Recurrent Neural Network (Delta-RNN) framework is a simple and high-performing design that unifies previously proposed gated neural models. The Delta-RNN models maintain longer-term memory by learning to interpolate between a fast-changing data-driven representation and a slowly changing‚ implicitly stable state. This requires hardly any more parameters than a classical simple recurrent network. The models outperform popular complex architectures‚ such as the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and achieve state-of-the art performance in language modeling at character and word levels and yield comparable performance at the subword level.
link
BIB
@article{ororbia_ii_learning_nodate, series = {{arXiv} preprint {arXiv}:1703.08864}, title = {Learning {Simpler} {Language} {Models} with the {Delta} {Recurrent} {Neural} {Network} {Framework}}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.08864}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Mikolov, Tomas and Reitter, David} }
RIS
Vogelzang, M., De Rechteren van Hemert, A., Reitter, D., Van Rij, J., Hendriks, P., & Van Rijn, H. (in review). Towards cognitively constrained models of language processing: A review.
Abstract
Language processing is not an isolated capacity‚ but is embedded in other aspects of our cognition. However‚ it is still largely unexplored to what extent and how language processing interacts with general cognitive resources. This question can be investigated with cognitively constrained computational models‚ which simulate the cognitive processes involved in language processing. The theoretical claims implemented in cognitive models interact with general architectural constraints such as memory limitations. This way‚ it generates new predictions that can be tested in experiments‚ thus generating new data that can give rise to new theoretical insights. This theory-model-experiment cycle is a promising method for investigating aspects of language processing that are difficult to investigate with more traditional experimental techniques. This review specifically examines the language processing models of Lewis and Vasishth (2005)‚ Reitter‚ Keller‚ and Moore (2011)‚ and Van Rij‚ Van Rijn‚ and Hendriks (2010)‚ all implemented in the cognitive architecture ACT-R (Anderson‚ 2007). These models are all limited by the assumptions about cognitive capacities provided by the cognitive architecture‚ but use different linguistic approaches. Because of this‚ their comparison provides insight into the extent to which assumptions about general cognitive resources influence concretely implemented models of linguistic competence. For example‚ the sheer speed and accuracy of human language processing is a current challenge in the field of cognitive modeling‚ as it does not seem to adhere to the same memory and processing capacities that have been found in other cognitive processes. Architecture-based cognitive models of language processing may be able to make explicit which language-specific resources are needed to acquire and process natural language. The review sheds light on cognitively constrained models of language processing from two angles: we discuss 1) whether currently adopted cognitive assumptions meet the requirements for language processing‚ and 2) how cognitive assumptions reduce the degrees of freedom of linguistic analyses‚ thus increasing their cognitive plausibility. Overall‚ the evaluation of cognitively constrained models of language processing will allow for a better understanding of the relation between data‚ linguistic theory‚ cognitive assumptions‚ and explanation.
BIB
@article{vogelzangnodatetowards, title = {Towards cognitively constrained models of language processing: {A} review}, author = {Vogelzang, Margreet and De Rechteren van Hemert, Annelot and Reitter, David and Van Rij, Jacolien and Hendriks, Petra and Van Rijn, Hedderik} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Grossklags, J. (in review). Timing Decisions: How Individual Differences and Task Perception Affect Choices.
Abstract
This paper addresses timing decisions and how individuals’ predispositions shape their choices in light of changing task demands and the availability of information. A series of behavioral experiments is presented in which the timing of actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.
BIB
@article{reitternodatetiming, title = {Timing {Decisions}: {How} {Individual} {Differences} and {Task} {Perception} {Affect} {Choices}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens} }
RIS
Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (in review). Alignment Follows the Signals of Linguistic Power, but Not Social Power.
Abstract
The presence of linguistic features that indicate “powerless” (hedges and hesitations) is found to be positively correlated with the amount of alignment (accommodation‚ entrenchment‚ coordination) in online conversations‚ after the disturbing effect of text length is removed. The effect of powerless features is stronger than that of the explicit status difference (admin vs. non-admin) in the Wikipedia data. We conjecture that interlocutors’ perception of the powerless features best explains the relationship between power status and linguistic alignment. This unifies mechanistic‚ memory-based priming models with alignment that varies with apparent social status.
BIB
@article{xunodatealignment, title = {Alignment {Follows} the {Signals} of {Linguistic} {Power}, but {Not} {Social} {Power}}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David} }
RIS
Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (in review). Impatience in Dynamic Decision Making.
Abstract
Choosing when to act‚ as opposed to how to act‚ is a critical task in many practical situations. In this paper‚ two experiments are presented that elicit timing decisions under external uncertainty to study impatience‚ a bias affecting timing decisions. Each experiment uses a game with an automated‚ stochastic opponent‚ and the game is designed to represent real-life decisions on timing of actions. Experiment 1 elicits impatience and contrasts it from individual risk propensity. Experiment 2 manipulates impatience using a visual countdown procedure. Two effects‚ different for men and women‚ are identified as a consequence of the impatience bias‚ which was moderated using fast countdowns. The first effect‚ a tendency to act early and more frequently‚ was observed in men. The second effect‚ observed in women‚ was a tendency to receive information early at cost‚ if only for a few seconds and with no gain. Additionally‚ impatience caused by the delay negatively affected men’s happiness with the task. Men who received faster countdowns left reliably more positive comments about their experience.
BIB
@article{ghafuriannodateimpatience, title = {Impatience in {Dynamic} {Decision} {Making}}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David} }
RIS

2017

Reitter, D. (2017). Alignment in Web-based Dialogue: Who Aligns, and how Automatic is it? Studies in Big-Data Computational Psycholinguistics. In M. N. Jones (Ed.), Big Data in Cognitive Science (pp. 246–269). Routledge Psychology Press.
BIB
@incollection{reitter2017alignment, series = {Frontiers of {Cognitive} {Psychology}}, title = {Alignment in {Web}-based {Dialogue}: {Who} {Aligns}, and how {Automatic} is it? {Studies} in {Big}-{Data} {Computational} {Psycholinguistics}}, booktitle = {Big {Data} in {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Routledge Psychology Press}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Jones, Michael N.}, year = {2017}, pages = {246--269} }
RIS
Kelly, M. A., Reitter, D., & West, R. L. (2017). Degrees of Separation in Semantic and Syntactic Relationships. In Proc 15th. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Warwick, UK.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
Computational models of distributional semantics can analyze a corpus to derive representations of word meanings in terms of each word’s relationship to all other words in the corpus. While these models are sensitive to topic (e.g.‚ tiger and stripes) and synonymy (e.g.‚ soar and fly)‚ the models have limited sensitivity to part of speech (e.g.‚ book and shirt are both nouns). By augmenting a holographic model of semantic memory with additional levels of representations‚ we present evidence that sensitivity to syntax is supported by exploiting associations between words at varying degrees of separation. We find that sensitivity to associations at three degrees of separation reinforces the relationships between words that share part-of-speech and improves the ability of the model to construct grammatical sentences. Our model provides evidence that semantics and syntax exist on a continuum and emerge from a unitary cognitive system.
BIB
@inproceedings{kelly2017degrees, address = {Warwick, UK}, title = {Degrees of {Separation} in {Semantic} and {Syntactic} {Relationships}}, booktitle = {Proc 15th. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Kelly, Matthew A. and Reitter, David and West, Robert L.}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Wang, Y., Reitter, D., & Yen, J. (2017). How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.
SBP-BRiMS
SBP-BRiMS
Abstract
Linguistic alignment in text-based communication means that people tend to adjust their language use to one another both in terms of word choice and sentence structure. Previous studies about linguistic alignment suggested that these two forms of adaptation are correlated with each other‚ and that they build up to alignment at a higher representational level‚ such as pragmatic alignment for support functions. Two types of social support have been identified as important for online health communities (OHCs): emotional and informational support between support seekers and support providers. Do the two lower-level alignment measures (lexical and syntactic) relate to these two types of social support in the same way or‚ are they different? Our hypothesis was that they are similar‚ due to their correlation relationship. However‚ we found that‚ based on an analysis of a 10-year online forum for cancer survivors‚ the lower-level alignment measures have distinct relationships to the two higher-level support functions. In this paper‚ we describe this finding and its implications regarding potential refinement of the Inter- active Alignment Model.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2017how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2017emotional.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Cole, J., Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2017). Linking Memory Activation and Word Adoption in Social Language Use via Rational Analysis. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
This paper investigates how cognition facilitates the adoption of new words through a study of the large-scale Reddit corpus‚ which contains written‚ threaded conversations conducted over the internet. Parameters for the cognitive architecture are estimated. Using ACT-R’s account of declarative memory‚ the activation of memory chunks representing words is traced and compared to usage statistics sampled from a year of data. Potential values for decay and retrieval threshold are identified according to model fit and growth rates of word adoption. The resulting estimate for the decay parameter‚ d‚ is 0.22‚ and the estimate for the retrieval threshold parameter‚ rt‚ lies between 3.4 and 4.5.
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017linking, address = {London, UK}, title = {Linking {Memory} {Activation} and {Word} {Adoption} in {Social} {Language} {Use} via {Rational} {Analysis}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Cole, J., & Reitter, D. (2017). Examining Working Memory during Sentence Construction with an ACT-R Model of Grammatical Encoding. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
We examine working memory use and incrementality using a cognitive model of grammatical encoding. Our model com- bines an empirically validated framework‚ ACT-R‚ with a lin- guistic theory‚ Combinatory Categorial Grammar‚ to target that phase of language production. By building the model with the Switchboard corpus‚ it can attempt to realize a larger set of sentences. With this methodology‚ different strategies may be compared according to the similarity of the model’s sentences to the test sentences. In this way‚ the model can still be evalu- ated by its fit to human data‚ without overfitting to individual experiments. The results show that while having more work- ing memory available improves performance‚ using less work- ing memory during realization is correlated with a closer fit‚ even after controlling for sentence complexity. Further‚ sen- tences realized with a more incremental strategy are also more similar to the corpus sentences as measured by edit distance. As high incrementality is correlated with low working mem- ory usage‚ this study offers a possible mechanism by which incrementality can be explained.
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017examining, address = {London, UK}, title = {Examining {Working} {Memory} during {Sentence} {Construction} with an {ACT}-{R} {Model} of {Grammatical} {Encoding}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2017). Spectral Analysis of Information Density in Dialogue Predicts Collaborative Task Performance. In Proceedings of the 55th Annual Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Vancouver, Canada.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
We propose a perspective on dialogue that focuses on relative information contributions of conversation partners as a key to successful communication. We predict the success of collaborative task in English and Danish corpora of task-oriented dialogue. Two features are extracted from the frequency domain representations of the lexical entropy series of each interlocutor‚ power spectrum overlap (PSO) and relative phase (RP). We find that PSO is a negative predictor of task success‚ while RP is a positive one. An SVM with these features significantly improved on previous task success prediction models. Our findings suggest that the strategic distribution of information density between interlocutors is relevant to task success.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2017spectral, address = {Vancouver, Canada}, title = {Spectral {Analysis} of {Information} {Density} in {Dialogue} {Predicts} {Collaborative} {Task} {Performance}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2017spectral.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 55th {Annual} {Mtg}. of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Cole, J., Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2017). Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.
SBP-BRiMS
SBP-BRiMS
Abstract
This study examines how novel words originate in and disperse through online communities. It asks whether larger numbers of people or closer social ties are better environments to foster the adoption of new words. The data stem from Reddit‚ a large sample of web-mediated‚ asynchronous conversations. Reddit communities are divided by size in this study: larger communities are based on discussing general topics and have weak social ties‚ whereas small communities are based on discussing specific topics and have strong social ties. The analysis shows that the majority of new words are created / first adopted in larger communities.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017is, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Is {Word} {Adoption} a {Grassroots} {Process}? {An} {Analysis} of {Reddit} {Communities}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2017wordadoption.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Ritter, F. E. (2017). Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Memory: Selected Papers From the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Topics in Cognitive Science, 9(1), 48–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12249
Topics in Cognitive Science
TopiCS
Abstract
Computational models of memory presented in this issue reflect varied empirical data and levels of representation. From mathematical models to neural and cognitive architectures‚ all aim to converge on a unified theory of the mind.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2017introduction, title = {Introduction to the {Issue} on {Computational} {Models} of {Memory}: {Selected} {Papers} {From} the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, volume = {9}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2017topicsintroduction.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12249}, number = {1}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2017}, pages = {48--50} }
RIS
Ororbia II, A. G., Reitter, D., & Giles, C. L. (2017, March). The Temporal Neural Coding Network: Towards Lifelong Language Learning. Presented at the 11th Annual Machine Learning Symposium, The New York Academy of Sciences.
Abstract
We present a novel lifelong neural architecture‚ the Temporal Neural Coding Network (TNCN)‚ and its learning algorithm‚ for uncovering multiple levels of distributed representations for language data streams. The TNCN model adapts its parameters iteratively as new samples are observed without resorting to the popular‚ but expensive back-propagation through time procedure needed to calculate gradients for recurrent neural networks‚ notably requiring no unrolling of internally defined recurrence relations. Furthermore‚ we integrate concepts from variational encoder-decoder models‚ such as those in [1]‚ to easily demonstrate how uncertainty can be characterized in the model’s next step predictions. We discuss how the proposed TNCN works specifically on language-based tasks formulated in the streaming setting‚ compared to various neural models‚ as well as how the TNCN may be easily adapted to other real-time tasks‚ such as video sequence modeling‚ yielding a natural framework for online multi-modal and online semi-supervised learning.
BIB
@misc{ororbia_ii_temporal_2017, address = {The New York Academy of Sciences}, title = {The {Temporal} {Neural} {Coding} {Network}: {Towards} {Lifelong} {Language} {Learning}}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Giles, C. Lee}, month = mar, year = {2017} }
RIS

2016

Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective. In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Vol. 1 (Long Papers), pp. 537–546). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
The applicability of entropy rate constancy to dialogue is examined on two spoken dialogue corpora. The principle is found to hold; however‚ new entropy change patterns within the topic episodes of dialogue are described‚ which are different from written text. Speaker’s dynamic roles as topic initiators and topic responders are associated with decreasing and increasing entropy‚ respectively‚ which results in local convergence between these speakers in each topic episode. This implies that the sentence entropy in dialogue is conditioned on different contexts determined by the speaker’s roles. Explanations from the perspectives of grounding theory and interactive alignment are discussed‚ resulting in a novel‚ unified information-theoretic approach of dialogue.
link
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2016entropy, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective}, volume = {1 (Long Papers)}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-1051}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {537--546} }
RIS
D’Orazio, V., Kenwick, M., Lane, M., Palmer, G., & Reitter, D. (2016). Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict. PLOS ONE, 11(6), e0156527. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156527
PLOS ONE
PLOS ONE
Abstract
Much of the data used to measure conflict is extracted from news reports. This is typically accomplished using either expert coders to quantify the relevant information or machine coders to automatically extract data from documents. Although expert coding is costly‚ it produces quality data. Machine coding is fast and inexpensive‚ but the data are noisy. To diminish the severity of this tradeoff‚ we introduce a method for analyzing news documents that uses crowdsourcing‚ supplemented with computational approaches. The new method is tested on documents about Militarized Interstate Disputes‚ and its accuracy ranges between about 68 and 76 percent. This is shown to be a considerable improvement over automated coding‚ and to cost less and be much faster than expert coding.
PDF
BIB
@article{dorazio2016crowdsourcing, title = {Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict}, volume = {11}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dorazio2016conflict.pdf}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156527}, number = {6}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {e0156527} }
RIS
Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). Convergence of Syntactic Complexity in Conversation. In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Vol. 2 (Short Papers), pp. 443–448). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
Using corpus data of spoken dialogue‚ we examine the convergence of syntactic complexity levels between interlocutors in natural conversations‚ as it occurs within spans of topic episodes. The findings of general convergence in the Switchboard and BNC corpora are compatible with an information-theoretic model of dialogue and with Interactive Alignment Theory.
link
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2016convergence, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Convergence of {Syntactic} {Complexity} in {Conversation}}, volume = {2 (Short Papers)}, url = {http://anthology.aclweb.org/P16-2072}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {443--448} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Ghafurian, M., & Grossklags, J. (2016). Systematic, Individual and Situational Biases in Timing Decisions. Oral presentation presented at the International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Grenada, Spain.
(Psychonomics)
Abstract
We study personal and general biases in timing decisions‚ which concern practically common continuous decisions about when to act when facing external uncertainty and dynamic risk. In a series of experiments using a two-player game called FlipIt‚ we studied the influence of individual difference variables of Risk Propensity (RP) and Need for Cognition (NfC) and of manipulations that induce impatience. Participants make several timing decisions per round‚ which aim to counteract the hidden actions made by an opponent. The opponent’s actions become visible only after the participant’s choices have been made. Earlier actions are riskier‚ but a rational time point‚ maximizing utility‚ can be defined. Two experiments were run with a total of 450 participants from a general population that were compensated to incentivize maximizing payoff. RP and NfC were obtained with standardized instruments. Participants with RP around the population average benefitted from higher NfC levels (p<0.01). We also found a general impatience bias that advanced timing independent of RP. With increasing task experience‚ models of linear impatience become better predictors of timing bias than risk-dependent ones. In a further experiment with 422 participants‚ impatience was manipulated by showing slow or fast-changing countdowns during a constant delay period. Timing (vs. rational strategy) was retarded or advanced‚ with fast countdowns reducing impatience (p<0.01) and accelerating countdowns yielding closer-to-rational performance even than the control (no delay at all). We conclude that timing decisions are affected by interacting risk and deep-processing preferences as well as situational impatience biases.
BIB
@misc{reitter2016systematic, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Systematic, {Individual} and {Situational} {Biases} in {Timing} {Decisions}}, author = {Reitter, David and Ghafurian, Moojan and Grossklags, Jens}, year = {2016}, note = {(Psychonomics)} }
RIS
Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2016). Impatience induced by waiting: An effect moderated by the speed of countdowns. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems. Brisbane, Australia: ACM.
DIS
DIS
Abstract
Countdowns and progress bars provide computer users with estimates of remaining wait times. These types of feedback are intended to manage their expectations and allow users to direct attention elsewhere. We suggest that they also moderate user’s impatience‚ which affects decision-making in the subsequent task. In an experiment with 421 participants‚ impatience in a timing decision task was effectively and systematically manip- ulated through a countdown‚ as it affected timing and performance of the user’s actions in the task. The effect persisted even after users gained task experience. More rapid countdowns reduced impatience. Post-hoc analysis also showed increased task satisfaction with rising countdown speed and suggested greater task satisfaction with a rapid countdown than with no waiting period at all.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2016impatience, address = {Brisbane, Australia}, title = {Impatience induced by waiting: {An} effect moderated by the speed of countdowns}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016DIS.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2016 {ACM} {Conference} on {Designing} {Interactive} {Systems}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
RIS
Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2016). Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women’s timing decisions. In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science (pp. 1223–1228). Philadelphia, PA: Cognitive Science Society.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Decisions over the timing of actions are critical in several safety‚ security and healthcare scenarios. These decisions‚ sim- ilar to discrete decisions‚ can be influenced by biases and individual traits. In this paper‚ a bias of impatience is studied in an experiment with 626 participants‚ with a focus on gender differences. Impatience was moderated with a manipula- tion of a variable-speed countdown. Men and women differed in how they expressed impatience. While men systematically and irrationally act earlier when become impatient following the slower countdowns‚ women react by irrationally requesting earlier information about the outcome of each trial‚ and impulsively pressing an inactive key.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2016gender, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016cogsci.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1223--1228} }
RIS
Xu, K. S., Reitter, D., Lee, D., & Osgood, N. (Eds.). (2016). Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016. Switzerland: Springer.
doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7
SBP-BRiMS
link
BIB
@book{xu2016social, address = {Switzerland}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}. 9th {International} {Conference}, {SBP}-{BRiMS} 2016}, shorttitle = {{SBP}-{BRiMS}}, url = {https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7}, number = {9708}, publisher = {Springer}, editor = {Xu, Kevin S. and Reitter, David and Lee, Dongwon and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2016}, note = {doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7} }
RIS
Cole, J., Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). How people talk about armed conflicts: An analysis of Reddit data. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling (pp. 366–376). Washington, D.C.: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35
SBP-BRiMS
SBP-BRiMS
Abstract
Armed conflicts around the world produce displacement‚ in- jury‚ and death. This study examines how anonymous and pseudony- mous Internet commenters discuss such conflicts. Specifically‚ we ask how permissible it is to express positive or negative sentiments about these conflicts as a function of variables including region‚ conflict nature‚ and severity. Data from the Armed Conflicts Database is aggregated to identify a number of potential factors that may influence views on ac- ceptable sentiments. A large-scale sample of the Reddit comment forum was coded for positive and negative sentiments using sentiment analy- sis techniques. Permissibility is judged using the Reddit voting features. Regressions reveal that positive sentiments are found not permissible for higher numbers of fatalities‚ and that negative sentiments are found permissible for certain regions‚ more permissible for older conflicts‚ and less permissible for territorial conflicts. A number of alternative‚ non- correlated predictors are presented.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2016how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS} 9708}, title = {How people talk about armed conflicts: {An} analysis of {Reddit} data}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2016armedconflicts.pdf}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Xu, Ying and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {366--376} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Ritter, F. E. (Eds.). (2016). Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Penn State.
ICCM
BIB
@book{reitter2016proceedings, address = {University Park, PA}, title = {Proceedings of {ICCM} 2016: 14th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, shorttitle = {{ICCM}}, publisher = {Penn State}, editor = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2016} }
RIS
Cole, J., Reitter, D., & Liu, Y. (2016). Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception. Poster presentation presented at the International Meeting of Psychonomic Society, Grenada, Spain.
(Psychonomics)
BIB
@misc{cole2016symmetry, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {Poster presentation}, title = {Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David and Liu, Yanxi}, year = {2016}, note = {(Psychonomics)} }
RIS
Liu, Y., Cole, J., & Reitter, D. (2016). Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns using Timed Trials. Oral presentation presented at the Vision Sciences Society Sixteenth Annual Meeting (VSS), Florida.
VSS
Abstract
Most literature on symmetry perception has focused on bilateral reflection symmetry‚ with some suggesting that it is the only type of symmetry humans can perceive (Wilson&Wilkinson‚ Vis. Res. 42(5)‚ 2002). Using image-stimuli generated from mathematically well-defined 17 wallpaper groups (Kohler et al.‚ J. Neurosci.‚ in press) and timed trials‚ we seek to demonstrate that humans can discriminate various symmetries found in 2D wallpaper patterns (Liu‚ et al Found.&Trends in Comp.Graph.&Vis.‚ 2010). Furthermore‚ we examine which features play an essential role in wallpaper pattern perception. The features include: reflection‚ maximum order of rotation‚ glide reflection‚ tile shape and subgroup distance‚ referring to the shortest path between the two wallpaper groups in the group hierarchy. We recruited 106 individuals (Amazon Mechanical Turks) to compare three images (target‚ probe‚ probe) and to choose the probe most similar to the target within five seconds. Each participant performed 272 (=17x16) trials. Participants compare among all possible wallpaper group pairs. Every group comparison except one is distinguishable (p< 0.05); all are likely distinguishable (p< 0.10). After modeling every defining feature of symmetry groups using linear mixed-effects regression (GLMM)‚ we used AIC selection to compare models. Our selected model includs subgroup distance‚ 3-fold rotation‚ 4-fold rotation‚ and the T1 and D1 axes. Even in a model with all other features‚ subgroup distance is a significant additional predictor (p< 0.0001). This distance measure has shown to be a better proxy describing human perceptual processes than individual features. This suggests that the mathematically motivated symmetry group hierarchy may be a valid model of pattern perception.
BIB
@misc{liu2016human, address = {Florida}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Human {Visual} {Perception} of the 17 {Wallpaper}-{Group} {Patterns} using {Timed} {Trials}}, author = {Liu, Yanxi and Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
RIS
Kennedy, W. G., St. Amant, R., & Reitter, D. (2016). Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to CMOT special issue: BRiMS 2013. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 22(1), 1–3.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
CMOT
link
BIB
@article{kennedy2016behavior, title = {Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to {CMOT} special issue: {BRiMS} 2013}, volume = {22}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10588-015-9194-9}, number = {1}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Kennedy, William G. and St. Amant, Robert and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1--3} }
RIS

2015

Paik, J., Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Reitter, D. (2015). Predicting user performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 22(5), Article No. 25. https://doi.org/10.1145/2776891
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
ACM ToCHI
Abstract
We report a way to build a series of GOMS-like cognitive user models representing a range of performance at different stages of learning. We use a spreadsheet task across multiple sessions as an example task; it takes about 20–30 min. to perform. The models were created in ACT-R using a compiler. The novice model has 29 rules and 1‚152 declarative memory task elements (chunks)—it learns to create procedural knowledge to perform the task. The expert model has 617 rules and 614 task chunks (that it does not use) and 538 command string chunks—it gets slightly faster through limited declarative learning of the command strings and some further production compilation; there are a range of intermediate models. These models were tested against aggregate and individual human learning data‚ confirming the models’ predictions. This work suggests that user models can be created that learn like users while doing the task.
PDF
BIB
@article{paik2015predicting, title = {Predicting user performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the {Herbal} compiler}, volume = {22}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/paikKRR15.pdf}, doi = {10.1145/2776891}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Paik, Jaehyon and Kim, Jong W. and Ritter, Frank E. and Reitter, David}, year = {2015}, pages = {Article No. 25} }
RIS
Ororbia II, A. G., Reitter, D., Wu, J., & Giles, C. L. (2015). Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Proceedings, ECML PKDD 2015) (Vol. 9284, pp. 516–532). Porto, Portugal: Springer.
ECML PKDD
ECML PKDD
Abstract
A hybrid architecture is presented capable of online learning from both labeled and unlabeled samples. It combines both generative and discriminative objectives to derive a new variant of the Deep Belief Network‚ i.e.‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network model. The model’s training algorithm is built on principles developed from hybrid discriminative Boltzmann machines and composes deep architectures in a greedy fashion. It makes use of its inherent “layer-wise ensemble" nature to perform useful classification work. We (1) compare this architecture against a hybrid Denoising Auto-encoder version of itself as well as several other models and (2) investigate training in the context of an incremental learning procedure. The best-performing hybrid model‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network‚ consistently outperforms all others.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_online_2015, address = {Porto, Portugal}, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization}, volume = {9284}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia_deep_hybrid_ecml_2015.pdf}, booktitle = {Machine {Learning} and {Knowledge} {Discovery} in {Databases} ({Proceedings}, {ECML} {PKDD} 2015)}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Wu, Jian and Giles, C. Lee}, year = {2015}, pages = {516--532} }
RIS
Ororbia II, A. G., Giles, C. L., & Reitter, D. (2015). Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Lisbon, Portugal.
EMNLP
EMNLP
Abstract
We present a novel fine-tuning algorithm in a deep hybrid architecture for semi-supervised text classification. During each increment of the online learning process‚ the fine-tuning algorithm serves as a top-down mechanism for pseudo-jointly modifying model parameters following a bottom-up generative learning pass. The resulting model‚ trained under what we call the Bottom-Up-Top-Down learning algorithm‚ is shown to outperform a variety of competitive models and baselines trained across a wide range of splits between supervised and unsupervised training data.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_learning_2015, address = {Lisbon, Portugal}, title = {Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015learning-deep-hybrid.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2015 {Conference} on {Empirical} {Methods} in {Natural} {Language} {Processing}}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Giles, C. Lee and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
RIS
Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2015). An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (pp. 58–67). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics.
CMCL
CMCL
Abstract
Linguistic alignment has emerged as an important property of conversational language and a driver of mutual understanding in dialogue. While various computational measures of linguistic alignment in corpus and experimental data have been devised‚ a systematic evaluation of them is missing. In this study‚ we first evaluate the sensitivity and distributional properties of three measures‚ indiscriminate local linguistic alignment (LLA)‚ Spearman’s correlation coefficient (SCC)‚ and repetition decay (RepDecay). Then we apply them in a study of interactive alignment and individual differences to see how well they conform to the Interactive Alignment Model (IAM)‚ and how well they can reveal the individual differences in alignment propensity. Our results suggest that LLA has the overall best performance.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2015evaluation, address = {Denver, CO}, title = {An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2015evaluation-alignment.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2015}, pages = {58--67} }
RIS
Wang, Y., Yen, J., & Reitter, D. (2015). Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (pp. 9–18). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics.
CMCL
CMCL
Abstract
Linguistic alignment‚ such as lexical and syntactic alignment‚ is a universal phenomenon influencing dialogue participants in online conversations. Besides linguistic alignment‚ social support‚ such as emotional support and informational support‚ also provides important benefits to their members. More recently‚ identifying and analyzing social support facilitated insights in the construction of support oriented communities. In this paper‚ we study whether members show pragmatic alignment on social support. While adaptation can occur at lexical‚ syntactic and pragmatic levels‚ relationships between alignments at multiple levels are neither theoretically nor empirically well understood. Our results indicate pragmatic alignment of forum members along the axis of support type. We also find that lexical alignment is correlated with emotional support‚ and that the amount of lexical alignment is also correlated with the amount of pragmatic alignment. This finding can contribute to improving our understanding about the linguistic signature of different types of support‚ and enhancing theoretical model of the Interactive Alignment Model in a multi-party peer support conversation context.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2015pragmatic, address = {Denver, CO}, title = {Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2015pragmatic-alignment.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Yen, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2015}, pages = {9--18} }
RIS
Ororbia II, A. G., Xu, Y., D’Orazio, V., & Reitter, D. (2015). Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information. In N. Agarwal, K. Xu, & N. Osgood (Eds.), Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction (Vol. 9021, pp. 381–387). Springer.
10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47
SBP
Abstract
A discriminative model is presented for crowd-sourcing the annotation of news stories to produce a structured dataset about incidents involving militarized disputes between nation-states. We used a question tree to gather partially redundant data from each crowd worker. A lattice of Bayesian Networks was then applied to error correct the individual worker annotations‚ the results of which were then aggregated via majority voting. The resulting hybrid model outperformed comparable‚ state-of-the-art aggregation models in both accuracy and computational scalability.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ororbia_ii_error-correction_2015, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science} ({SBP})}, title = {Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information}, volume = {9021}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015crowd.pdf}, booktitle = {Social {Computing}, {Behavioral} {Modeling} and {Prediction}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Xu, Yang and D'Orazio, Vito and Reitter, David}, editor = {Agarwal, Nitin and Xu, Kevin and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2015}, note = {10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47}, pages = {381--387} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Stacy, E. W., & Mezzacappa, E. (Eds.). (2015). Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{reitter2015proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 24th {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W. and Mezzacappa, E.}, year = {2015} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Xu, Y., Craven, P., Sándor, A., Garrett, R. C., Cross, E. V., & Franke, J. L. (2015). Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators. In Proc. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (p. Poster Abstract). Groningen, Netherlands.
ICCM
ICCM
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2015cognitive, address = {Groningen, Netherlands}, title = {Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/surprisal2015iccm.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Xu, Yang and Craven, Patrick and Sándor, Anikó and Garrett, R. Chris and Cross, E. Vince and Franke, Jerry L.}, year = {2015}, pages = {Poster Abstract} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2015). Wolves & Sheep - an edu-simulation. Retrieved from https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep
Abstract
This is a multi-agent‚ bio-inspired simulation; it is a competitive game and a tournament written for 5-50 beginner programmers. It is designed as educational tool: Students of an intermediate programming class taught in Java write code that controls a single player in this simulation. Players are pitched against each other; typically 5 at a time. A tournament runs many combinations of players in many adjustable scenarios. The tournament is set up to run regularly on a server‚ taking .jar files provided by students. It uses standard visibility and sandboxing features of Java to provide a basic level of security.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter2015wolves, title = {Wolves \& {Sheep} - an edu-simulation}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
RIS

2014

Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2014). Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 29–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008
Journal of Memory and Language
J Mem Lang
Abstract
Task-solving in dialogue depends on the convergence of the situation models held by the dialogue partners. The Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering and Garrod‚ 2004) suggests that this convergence is the result of an interactive alignment process‚ which is based on mechanistic repetition at a number of linguistic levels. In this paper‚ we develop two predictions arising from the theory‚ along with two methods to quantify the known structural priming effects in the full inventory of syntactic choices found in text and speech corpora. (a) Under a rational perspective‚ we expect increased repetition in task-oriented dialogue compared to spontaneous conversation. We find within- and between-speaker priming in a corpus of spontaneous conversations‚ but stronger priming in task-oriented dialogue. (b) The Interactive Alignment Model predicts linguistic adaptation to be correlated with task success. We show this effect in a corpus of task-oriented dialogue‚ where we find a positive correlation of long-term adaptation and a quantifiable task success measure. We argue that the repetition tendency relevant for the high-level alignment of situation models is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming. We demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition are reliable and computationally exploitable predictors of task success.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2014alignment, title = {Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue}, volume = {76}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014JML-alignment.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008}, journal = {Journal of Memory and Language}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2014}, pages = {29--46} }
RIS
Wang, Y., Reitter, D., & Yen, J. (2014). Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities. In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (at ACL) (pp. 55–62). Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
CMCL
CMCL
Abstract
Previous studies of alignment have focused on two-party conversations. We study multi-party conversation in online health communities‚ which have shown benefits for their members from forum conversations. So far‚ our understanding of the relationship between alignment in such multi-party conversations and its possible connection to member benefits has been limited. This paper quantifies linguistic alignment in the oldest and the largest cancer online forum. Alignment at lexical and syntactic levels‚ as well as decay of alignment was observed in forum threads‚ although the decay was slower than commonly found in psycholinguistic studies. The different pattern of adaptation to the initial post on a thread suggests that specific roles in the online forum (e.g.‚ seeking support from the community) can potentially be revealed through alignment theory and its extensions.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2014linguistic, address = {Baltimore, Maryland, USA}, title = {Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/yafei2014cmcl.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} (at {ACL})}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2014}, pages = {55--62} }
RIS
Grossklags, J., & Reitter, D. (2014). How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing. In Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium (pp. 111–122). Vienna.
CSF
CSF
Abstract
This paper addresses security and safety choices that involve a decision on the timing of an action. Examples of such decisions include when to check log files for intruders and when to monitor financial accounts for fraud or errors. To better understand how performance in timing-related security situations is shaped by individuals’ cognitive predispositions‚ we effectively combine survey measures with economic experiments. Two behavioral experiments are presented in which the timing of online security actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision-environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{grossklags2014how, address = {Vienna}, title = {How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/grossklags2014csf.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th {IEEE} {Computer} {Security} {Foundations} {Symposium}}, author = {Grossklags, Jens and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {111--122} }
RIS
Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2014). Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games. In Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 2841–2846). Quebec, Canada.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Games of timing reflect dynamic decision-making under uncertainty‚ as it takes place in many real-world situations‚ including health care‚ safety and security. Rather than making discrete decisions‚ participants choose one or more points in time that determine the outcome. We study individual’s biases and characteristics in such games of timing. We examine risk propensity as a personal preference affecting timing decisions and document a bias‚ impatience. Experiment 1 analyzes people’s strategy in timing games in relation to a rational model. Contrasting two cognitive models suggests that individuals apply risk propensity to the probability distributions underlying short games and when unfamiliar with the situation‚ but that‚ over time‚ impatience takes over as a linear adjustment. In Experiment 2‚ impatient participants risk their incentive payment in order to play early‚ even if they receive no advantage from doing so.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2014impatience, address = {Quebec, Canada}, title = {Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/moojan2014impatience.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {2841--2846} }
RIS
St.Amant, R., Reitter, D., & Stacy, E. W. (Eds.). (2014). Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{st.amant2014proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {St.Amant, Robert and Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W.}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2014). Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer’s classroom. In J. M. Carroll (Ed.), Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology (pp. 19–29). Springer.
Abstract
The Wolves and Sheep game is an educational‚ multi-agent computer simulation for students of programming classes. Players move about in a two- dimensional landscape‚ aiming to reach targets or catch other players. Students write programs that control individual players in the game. The programs then participate in a tournament. Students practice basic programming and algorithmic thinking‚ object-orientation and the role of interfaces‚ and are even exposed to basic Artificial Intelligence. Gamification helps motivate students and creates positive‚ but challenging learning experiences.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{reitter2014hungry, title = {Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014hungryWolves.pdf}, booktitle = {Innovative {Practices} in {Teaching} {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Carroll, John M.}, year = {2014}, pages = {19--29} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Gonzalez, C., Lebiere, C., & Meyer, J. (2014). Cognitive security. Panel presented at the 13th Annual Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, University Park, PA.
BIB
@misc{reitter2014cognitive, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Cognitive security}, author = {Reitter, David and Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Meyer, Joachim}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Anderson, R., Meyer, J., Moore, T., Randazzese, L., & Reitter, D. (Moderator). (2014). Human aspects of cybersecurity. Panel presented at the Department of Homeland Security Workshop on Incentives and Regulation of Cybersecurity, University Park, PA.
BIB
@misc{anderson2014human, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Human aspects of cybersecurity}, author = {Anderson, Ross and Meyer, Joachim and Moore, Tyler and Randazzese, Lucien and {Reitter, D. (Moderator)}}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2014). Big-Data insights into cognitive representations of language processing. Invited Talk presented at the The 2nd International Workshop on Advanced Learning Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
BIB
@misc{reitter2014big-data, address = {Taipei, Taiwan}, type = {Invited {Talk}}, title = {Big-{Data} insights into cognitive representations of language processing}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
RIS
D’Orazio, V., Kenwick, M., Lane, M., Palmer, G., & Reitter, D. (2014). Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data. Talk presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, Toronto, Canada.
BIB
@misc{dorazio2014crowdsourcing, address = {Toronto, Canada}, type = {Talk}, title = {Crowdsourcing the {Measurement} of {Observational} {Data}}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2014). Zot_bib_web - interactive web bibliographies.
Abstract
This tool explores new ways to make bibliographies interactive‚ searchable and discoverable. Zot_bib_web generates HTML bibliographies based on one or more collections in a Zotero repository. These collections can be maintained by groups of people‚ using Zotero’s web interface or their desktop applications.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter_zot_bib_web_2014, title = {Zot\_bib\_web - interactive web bibliographies}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/zotweb/}bib, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
RIS

2013

Hale, J., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2013). Issue on computational models of natural language. Topics in Cognitive Science, 5(3), (11 papers). https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12038
Topics in Cognitive Science
TopiCS
PDF
BIB
@article{hale2013issue, title = {Issue on computational models of natural language}, volume = {5}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/topics2013-issue-ToC.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12038}, number = {3}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, editor = {Hale, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2013}, pages = {(11 papers)} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Grossklags, J., & Nochenson, A. (2013). Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing. In R. West & T. Stewart (Eds.), Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 397–403). Ottawa, Canada.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player‚ 20-second FlipIt game‚ in which a player has to react to an estimated‚ externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represented once as time interval‚ and once as distance in time and space. Risk-taking propensity is an individual parameter obtained via a standardized survey instrument. We find that risk propensity affects participants’ decisions in early and late rounds of the game and show that risk-seeking individuals fail to play well initially in the difficult‚ time-interval estimation task‚ but that they can be trained to make rational choices. Participants’ biases are gaussian-distributed. They do not reflect the distribution of payoffs or expected utility. We present an ACT-R model using established error distributions for temporal and visual perception and instance-based learning.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013risk-seeking, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013risk.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 12th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens and Nochenson, Alan}, editor = {West, R. and Stewart, T.}, year = {2013}, pages = {397--403} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Scerri, P. (2013). Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems. In Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 3269–3274). Berlin, Germany: Cognitive Science Society.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
In a congestion game‚ individuals exhaust a common resource out of selfish behavior. In this scenario‚ drivers create traffic jams by choosing the shortest route according to their individual knowledge. They can avoid them by communicating their belief states about the traffic situation in real-time through a peer-to-peer network‚ assuming unlimited bandwidth. We study two potential‚ cognitively inspired models of human behavior: 1) categorization (quantized memorization and communication)‚ which dampens communication and belief adoption‚ but leads to undesired oscillations and lower performance. 2) Instance-based blending with memory decay‚ which achieves good dynamics and near-optimal performance without the same bandwidth needs. We argue that this supports our hypothesis of co-adaptation of cognitive function and communicating communities.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013smooth, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013smooth.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2013}, pages = {3269--3274} }
RIS
Scerri, P., & Reitter, D. (2013). Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game. In Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{scerri2013cognitive, title = {Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/scerri2013informationsharing.pdf}, booktitle = {Workshop on {Information} {Sharing} in {Large} {Scale} {Multi}-{Agent} {Systems}, at {AAMAS} 2013}, author = {Scerri, Paul and Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
RIS
Kennedy, W. G., Reitter, D., & Amant, R. S. (Eds.). (2013). Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ottawa, Canada: BRiMS Society.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{kennedy2013proceedings, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Kennedy, William G. and Reitter, D. and Amant, Robert St}, year = {2013} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2013). Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization. Panel presented at the Methods for Communicating the Structure and Content of a Cognitive Model, at:Human Factors and Ergonomics Society International Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA.
PDF
BIB
@misc{reitter2013computational, address = {San Diego, CA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2013hfes.pdf}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
RIS

2012

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2012). Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance. In Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 242–248).
AAAI
AAAI
Abstract
Two information decay methods are examined that help multi-agent systems cope with dynamic environments. The agents in this simulation have human-like memory and a mechanism to moderate their communications: they forget internally stored information via temporal decay‚ and they forget distributed information by filtering it as it passes through a communication network. The agents play a foraging game‚ in which performance depends on communicating facts and requests and on storing facts in internal memory. Parameters of the game and agent models are tuned to human data. Agent groups with moderated communication in small-world networks achieve optimal performance for typical human memory decay values‚ while non-adaptive agents benefit from stronger memory decay. The decay and filtering strategies interact with the properties of the network graph in ways suggestive of an evolutionary co-optimization between the human cognitive system and an external social structure.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012social, title = {Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012socialcognition.pdf}, booktitle = {Twenty-{Sixth} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2012}, pages = {242--248} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Levy, R. (Eds.). (2012). Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics.
CMCL
PDF
BIB
@book{reitter2012proc., address = {Montréal, Quebec, Canada}, title = {Proc. 3rd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W12/W12-17.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Reitter, David and Levy, Roger}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Diesner, J., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2012). Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012). Chicago, IL: Association for Computing Machinery.
WON
BIB
@book{diesner2012proc., address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Proc. {Words} and {Networks} 2012: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON}2012)}, shorttitle = {{WON}}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, editor = {Diesner, Jana and Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2012). Lexical language evolution in networked human groups. In Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks. Chicago, IL.
WON
WON
Abstract
The development and refinement of natural-language communication systems among networked individuals is not well understood and difficult to study. This paper uses a task providing a controlled environment for the goal-oriented‚ collaborative exchange of short‚ natural-language messages between experimental participants (20 per group) in order to demonstrate lexical convergence. A technique for illustrating convergence based on graph layout by multidimensional scaling is described. While reliable convergence is shown‚ it is limited to the collaborative or communicative situation: participants did not adopt group terms in a separately administered post-test questionnaire.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012lexical, address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Lexical language evolution in networked human groups}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012lexical.pdf}, booktitle = {Words and {Networks}: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks}}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Scerri, P. (2012). Social multi-agent learning with simple and cognitive agents. Poster presented at the CAOSS 2012: Workshop on Computational and Online Social Science, New York, N.Y.
BIB
@misc{reitter2012social, address = {New York, N.Y.}, type = {Poster}, title = {Social multi-agent learning with simple and cognitive agents}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Schaffer, S., & Reitter, D. (2012). Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces. In N. Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, & H. van Rijn (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 253–254). Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
In multimodal human computer interaction users can often select between specific input modalities. Modality choice is influenced by various factors including user attributes‚ system attributes‚ the task and the environment (e.g. Lemmelä et al.‚ 2008). Here‚ we describe on-going research into cognitive models of input modality selection.
BIB
@inproceedings{schaffer2012modeling, address = {Berlin}, title = {Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Schaffer, Stefan and Reitter, David}, editor = {Russwinkel, Nele and Drewitz, U. and Rijn, H. van}, year = {2012}, pages = {253--254} }
RIS

2011

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model. Cognitive Systems Research, 12(2), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005
Cognitive Systems Research
J Cog Sys Res
Abstract
We simulate the evolution of a domain vocabulary in small communities. Empirical data show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language. We propose that simulations of such cultural evolution incorporate properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). A cognitive model is described that encodes abstract concepts with small sets of concrete‚ related concepts (directing)‚ and that also decodes such signs (matching). Learning captures conventionalized signs. Relatedness of concepts is characterized by a mixture of shared and individual knowledge‚ which we sample from a text corpus. Simulations show vocabulary convergence of agent communities of varied structure‚ but idiosyncrasy in vocabularies of each dyad of models. Convergence is weakened when agents do not alternate between encoding and decoding‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication. Convergence is improved by explicit feedback about communicative success. We hypothesize that humans seek out subtle clues to gauge success in order to guide their vocabulary acquisition.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2011how, title = {How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: {A} cognitive multi-agent model}, volume = {12}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011domainvocabulary.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {175--185} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Moore, J. D. (2011). A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming. Cognitive Science, 35(4), 587–637. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x
Cognitive Science
J Cog Sci
Abstract
The psycholinguistic literature has identified two syntactic adaptation effects in language production: rapidly decaying short-term priming and long-lasting adaptation. To explain both effects‚ we present an ACT-R model of syntactic priming based on a wide-coverage‚ lexicalized syntactic theory that explains priming as facilitation of lexical access. In this model‚ two well-established ACT-R mechanisms‚ base-level learning and spreading activation‚ account for long-term adaptation and short-term priming‚ respectively. Our model simulates incremental language production and in a series of modeling studies we show that it accounts for (a) the inverse frequency interaction; (b) the absence of a decay in long-term priming; and (c) the cumulativity of long-term adaptation. The model also explains the lexical boost effect and the fact that it only applies to short-term priming. We also present corpus data that verifies a prediction of the model‚ i.e.‚ that the lexical boost affects all lexical material‚ rather than just heads.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2011computational, title = {A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming}, volume = {35}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011syntacticpriming.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x}, number = {4}, journal = {Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2011}, pages = {587--637} }
RIS
Keller, F., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2011). Proc. 2nd workshop on cognitive modeling and computational linguistics. Portland, OR, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics.
CMCL
PDF
BIB
@book{keller2011proc., address = {Portland, OR, USA}, title = {Proc. 2nd workshop on cognitive modeling and computational linguistics}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W/W11/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Keller, Frank and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Sycara, K., Lebiere, C., Vinokurov, Y., Juarez, A., & Lewis, M. (2011). How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks. In Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (pp. 138–145). Sundance, UT.
BRiMS
BRiMS
Abstract
In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ we study the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of teams and of individuals in different positions within a network. This design provides an experimental model of human communities‚ where information may spread from peer to peer by word of mouth. With this model‚ we explain the realistic tradeoff between liberal information dumping and targeted information sharing by human peers. Human subjects exchanged natural-language messages with relevance to a task‚ thereby sharing knowledge across a community. Communication took place along the edges of a small-world graph. Cooperation and individual efforts were incentivized. In one condition‚ participants were asked to request specific information and only supply information that they knew was needed. In another condition‚ they were asked to supply and forward as much information as possible. We found that a targeted communication policy was successfully implemented by the participants‚ increased task success‚ shortened the time it took to get answers to questions‚ increased efficiency (task success per communication bandwidth)‚ and may have done so selectively for nodes with fewer connections.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011how, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011policies.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Reitter, David and Sycara, Katia and Lebiere, Christian and Vinokurov, Yury and Juarez, Antonio and Lewis, Michael}, year = {2011}, pages = {138--145} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 734–739). Boston, MA: Cognitive Science Society.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
In social tasks‚ communication and task execution are often co-dependent‚ yet they represent a tradeoff. We present a cognitive model of an experimental task consisting of a collaborative and competitive game played by groups of human participants organized in a smallworld graph. In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of networked participants was observed. The model follows the ACT-R theory and provides a formalization of the decision-making processes and tradeoffs involved. A simulation of the hypothetical case of unnatural memory decay shows decreased performance and supports a prediction of the thesis that memory limitations have co-evolved with social structure.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011towards, address = {Boston, MA}, title = {Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter-lebiere2011group-intelligence.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {734--739} }
RIS
Mason, W., Reitter, D., Coman, A., & Hirst, B. (2011). Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena. Talk presented at the Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, Washington, D.C.
BIB
@misc{mason2011cognition, address = {Washington, D.C.}, type = {Talk}, title = {Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena}, author = {Mason, Winter and Reitter, David and Coman, Alin and Hirst, Bill}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Gonzalez, C., Lebiere, C., Juvina, I., Erev, I., Zinkevich, M., & Reitter, D. (2011). Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks. In Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS). Provo, UT.
BIB
@inproceedings{gonzalez2011scaling, address = {Provo, UT}, title = {Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Juvina, Ion and Erev, Ido and Zinkevich, Martin and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
RIS

2010

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). A cognitive model of spatial path planning. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 16(3), 220–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10588-010-9073-3
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
CMOT
Abstract
Planning a path to a destination‚ given a number of options and obstacles‚ is a common task. We suggest a two-component cognitive model that combines retrieval of knowledge about the environment with search guided by visual perception. In the first component‚ subsymbolic information‚ acquired during navigation‚ aids in the retrieval of declarative information representing possible paths to take. In the second component‚ visual information directs the search‚ which in turn creates knowledge for the first component. The model is implemented using the ACT-R cognitive architecture and makes realistic assumptions about memory access and shifts in visual attention. We present simulation results for memory-based high-level navigation in grid and tree structures‚ and visual navigation in mazes‚ varying relevant cognitive (retrieval noise and visual finsts) and environmental (maze and path size) parameters. The visual component is evaluated with data from a multi-robot control experiment‚ where subjects planned paths for robots to explore a building. We describe a method to compare trajectories without referring to aligned points in the itinerary. The evaluation shows that the model provides a good fit‚ but also that planning strategies may differ between task loads.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2010cognitive, title = {A cognitive model of spatial path planning}, volume = {16}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010pathplanning.pdf}, doi = {10.1007/s10588-010-9073-3}, number = {3}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2010}, pages = {220--245} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Juvina, I., Stocco, A., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Resistance is futile: winning lemonade market share through metacognitive reasoning in a three-agent cooperative game. In Proceedings of the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Charleston, SC.
BRiMS
BRiMS
Abstract
The Lemonade Game is a three-player game in which players have to pick locations on a circular board‚ which are as far away as possible from those chosen independently by other players. Players may observe other player’s moves and infer their strategies. The game was studied using a competition of cognitively motivated agents‚ which inherit properties of adaptivity and stochasticity from human memory and decision-making‚ and simplistic‚ yet effective agents implementing fixed strategies. We argue that metacognition is the unique attribute that allows sophisticated agents to adapt to unforeseen conditions‚ cooperators and competitors.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2010resistance, address = {Charleston, SC}, title = {Resistance is futile: winning lemonade market share through metacognitive reasoning in a three-agent cooperative game}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010lemonade.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion and Stocco, Andrea and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2010} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2010). Metacognition and multiple strategies in a cognitive model of online control. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 2(2), 20–37.
Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
J AGI
Abstract
We present a cognitive model performing the Dynamic Stocks&Flows control task‚ in which subjects control a system by counteracting a systematically changing external variable. The model uses a metacognitive layer that chooses a task strategy drawn from of two classes of strategies: precise calculation and imprecise estimation. The model‚ formulated within the ACT-R theory‚ monitors the success of each strategy continuously using instance-based learning and blended retrieval from declarative memory. The model underspecifies other portions of the task strategies‚ whose timing was determined as unbiased estimate from empirical data. The model’s predictions were evaluated on data collected from novel experimental conditions‚ which did not inform the model’s development and included discontinuous and noisy environmental change functions and a control delay. The model as well as the data show sudden changes in subject error and general learning of control; the model also correctly predicted oscillations of plausible magnitude. With its predictions‚ the model ranked first among the entries to the 2009 Dynamic Stocks&Flows modeling challenge.
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BIB
@article{reitter2010metacognition, title = {Metacognition and multiple strategies in a cognitive model of online control}, volume = {2}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010metacognition.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Artificial General Intelligence}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2010}, pages = {20--37} }
RIS
Gluck, K. A., Stanley, C. T., L. Richard Moore, J., Reitter, D., & Halbrügge, M. (2010). Exploration for understanding in model comparisons. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 2(2), 88–107.
Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
J AGI
Abstract
The cognitive modeling and artificial general intelligence research communities may reap greater scientific return on research investments – may achieve an improved understanding of architectures and models – if there is more emphasis on systematic sensitivity and necessity analyses during model development‚ evaluation‚ and comparison. We demonstrate this methodological prescription with two of the models submitted for the Dynamic Stocks and Flows (DSF) Model Comparison Challenge‚ exploring the complex interactions among architectural mechanisms‚ knowledge-level strategy variants‚ and task conditions. To cope with the computational demands of these analyses we use a predictive analytics approach similar to regression trees‚ combined with parallelization on high performance computing clusters‚ to enable large scale‚ simultaneous search and exploration.
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BIB
@article{gluck2010exploration, title = {Exploration for understanding in model comparisons}, volume = {2}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/gluck2010exploration.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Artificial General Intelligence}, author = {Gluck, Kevin A. and Stanley, Clayton T. and L. Richard Moore, Jr. and Reitter, David and Halbrügge, Marc}, year = {2010}, pages = {88--107} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Did social networks shape language evolution? A multi-agent cognitive simulation. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics Workshop (pp. 9–17). Uppsala, Sweden: Association for Computational Linguistics.
CMCL
CMCL
Abstract
Natural language as well as other commu- nication forms are constrained by cognitive function and evolved through a social process. Here‚ we examine whether hu- man memory may be uniquely adapted to the social structures prevalent in groups‚ specifically small-world networks. The emergence of domain languages is simulated using an empirically evaluated ACT-R-based cognitive model of agents in a naming game played within communities. Several community structures are examined (grids‚ trees‚ random graphs and small-world networks). We present pre- liminary results from small-scale simulations‚ showing relative robustness of cognitive models to network structure.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2010did, address = {Uppsala, Sweden}, title = {Did social networks shape language evolution? {A} multi-agent cognitive simulation}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010networks.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} {Workshop}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2010}, pages = {9--17} }
RIS
Warwick, W., Dutt, V., Gluck, K. A., & Reitter, D. (2010). Results and lessons learned from the 2009 DSF model comparison challenge. In Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Charleston, SC.
BRiMS
BRiMS
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BIB
@inproceedings{warwick2010results, address = {Charleston, SC}, title = {Results and lessons learned from the 2009 {DSF} model comparison challenge}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2010symposium.pdf}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 19th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Warwick, Walter and Dutt, Varun and Gluck, Kevin A. and Reitter, David}, year = {2010} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Accountable Modeling in ACT-UP, a Scalable, Rapid-Prototyping ACT-R Implementation. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 199–204). Philadelphia, PA.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
ACT-UP is a toolbox implementation of the ACT-R cognitive architecture‚ aimed at allowing rapid prototyping of complex models. With ACT-UP‚ we propose Accountable Modeling‚ where the only model components that are specified are those supported by empirical evidence and part of the model’s theoretical claims. ACT-UP is a library providing a programmatic interface to the classical ACT-R functionality. Implemented in a functional programming paradigm‚ models are reusable in other contexts. The toolbox is demonstrated using five implemented and evaluated cognitive models.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2010accountable, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Accountable {Modeling} in {ACT}-{UP}, a {Scalable}, {Rapid}-{Prototyping} {ACT}-{R} {Implementation}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010act-up.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2010}, pages = {199--204} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). On the influence of network structure on language evolution. In R. Sun (Ed.), Proc. CogSci Workshop on Cognitive Social Sciences: Grounding the Social Sciences in the Cognitive Sciences. Portland, OR.
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2010influence, address = {Portland, OR}, title = {On the influence of network structure on language evolution}, booktitle = {Proc. {CogSci} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Social} {Sciences}: {Grounding} the {Social} {Sciences} in the {Cognitive} {Sciences}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, editor = {Sun, Ron}, year = {2010} }
RIS
Lebiere, C., Stocco, A., Reitter, D., & Juvina, I. (2010). Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications. In Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application (pp. 1–20). Amsterdam, NL.
BIB
@inproceedings{lebiere2010scaling, address = {Amsterdam, NL}, title = {Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {NATO} {Workshop} on {Human} {Modeling} for {Military} {Application}}, author = {Lebiere, Christian and Stocco, Andrea and Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion}, year = {2010}, pages = {1--20} }
RIS
Lebiere, C., & Reitter, D. (2010). ACT-UP: A cognitive modeling toolkit for composition, reuse and integration. Talk presented at the MODSIM World Conference and Expo, Hampton, VA.
BIB
@misc{lebiere2010act-up:, address = {Hampton, VA}, type = {Talk}, title = {{ACT}-{UP}: {A} cognitive modeling toolkit for composition, reuse and integration}, author = {Lebiere, Christian and Reitter, David}, year = {2010} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2010). ACT-UP - a lightweight, scalable, underspecifiable ACT-R implementation.
Abstract
ACT-UP is a toolbox implementation of the ACT-R cognitive architecture‚ aimed at allowing rapid prototyping of complex models. With ACT-UP‚ we propose Accountable Modeling‚ where the only model components that are specified are those supported by empirical evidence and part of the model’s theoretical claims. ACT-UP is a library providing a programmatic interface to the classical ACT-R functionality. Implemented in a functional programming paradigm‚ models are reusable in other contexts.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter2010act-up, title = {{ACT}-{UP} - a lightweight, scalable, underspecifiable {ACT}-{R} implementation}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/actup.html}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2010} }
RIS

2009

Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2009). Towards explaining the evolution of domain languages with cognitive simulation. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Manchester, UK: 8 pages.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
We simulate the evolution of a domain language in small speaker communities. Data from experiments (Garrod et al.‚ 2007; Fay et al.‚ 2008) show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language even in the absence of feedback about the success of each communication. We postulate that simulations of such horizontal evolution have to take into account properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). We implement a model that can draw abstract concepts through sets of non-abstract‚ related concepts‚ and recognize such drawings. The knowledge base is a network with association strengths randomly sampled from a natural distribution found in a text corpus; it is a mixture of knowledge shared between agents and individual knowledge. In three experiments‚ we show that the agent communities converge‚ but that initial convergence is stronger when communities are structured so that the same pairs of agents interact throughout. Convergence is weaker in communities when agents do not swap roles (between recognizing and drawing)‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication in domain language evolution. Average and ultimate recognition performance depends on how much of the knowledge agents share initially.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2009towards, address = {Manchester, UK}, title = {Towards explaining the evolution of domain languages with cognitive simulation}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2009evolution.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {8 pages}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2009} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2009). A subsymbolic and visual model of spatial path planning. In Proc. 18th Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference. Sundance, UT: 8 pages.
Best paper award BRIMS 2009
BRiMS
BRiMS
Abstract
Planning a path to a destination‚ given a number of options and obstacles‚ is a common task. We suggest a two-component cognitive model that combines retrieval of knowledge about the environment with search guided by visual perception. In the first component‚ subsymbolic information‚ acquired during navigation‚ aids in the retrieval of declarative information representing possible paths to take. In the second component‚ visual information directs the search‚ which in turn creates knowledge for the first component. The model is implemented using the ACT-R cognitive architecture and makes realistic assumptions about memory access and shifts in visual attention. We present simulation results for memory-based high-level navigation in grid and tree structures‚ and visual navigation in mazes‚ varying relevant cognitive (retrieval noise‚ visual finsts) and environmental (maze and path size) parameters.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2009subsymbolic, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {A subsymbolic and visual model of spatial path planning}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2009pathplanning.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 18th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation} {Conference}}, publisher = {8 pages}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2009}, note = {Best paper award BRIMS 2009} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Lebiere, C., Lewis, M., Wang, H., & Ma, Z. (2009). A cognitive model of visual path planning in a multi-robot control system. In Proceedings Systems Man Cybernetics 2009. San Antonio, TX: 7 pages.
IEEE-SMC
IEEE-SMC
Abstract
We discuss an experiment involving visual path planning for multiple‚ remote robots in a partially visible building‚ with a partial 2D map available. Participants in the experiment defined waypoints for each robot to circumnavigate obstacles and explore the building. A cognitively plausible model of visual planning is evaluated using a normalized metric of the fit between model and subject itineraries. We discuss variation in the data and model fit‚ indicating individual differences in strategies to cope with task demands.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2009cognitive, address = {San Antonio, TX}, title = {A cognitive model of visual path planning in a multi-robot control system}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/Reitter2009robot-path.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings {Systems} {Man} {Cybernetics} 2009}, publisher = {7 pages}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian and Lewis, Michael and Wang, Huadong and Ma, Zheng}, year = {2009} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2009). Two-level, multi-strategy memory based control. Talk presented at the Dynamic Stocks and Flows Modeling Challenge Symposium (competition winner), International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM), Manchester, UK.
ICCM
BIB
@misc{reitter2009two-level, address = {Manchester, UK}, type = {Talk}, title = {Two-level, multi-strategy memory based control}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2009} }
RIS

2008

Reitter, D. (2008). Context effects in language production: models of syntactic priming in dialogue corpora. University of Edinburgh.
Abstract
This thesis addresses the cognitive basis of syntactic adaptation‚ which biases speakers to repeat their own syntactic constructions and those of their conversational partners. I address two types of syntactic adaptation: short-term priming and long-term adaptation. I develop two metrics for syntactic adaptation within a speaker and between speakers in dialogue: one for short-term priming effects that decay quickly‚ and one for long-term adaptation over the course of a dialogue. Both methods estimate adaptation in large datasets consisting of transcribed human-human dialogue annotated with syntactic information. Two such corpora in English are used: Switchboard‚ a collection of spontaneous phone conversation‚ and HCRC Map Task‚ a set of task-oriented dialogues in which participants describe routes on a map to each other. I find both priming and long-term adaptation in both corpora‚ confirming well-known experimental results (Bock‚ 1986). I extend prior work by showing that syntactic priming effects not only apply to selected syntactic constructions that are alternative realizations of the same semantics‚ but still hold when a broad variety of syntactic phrase-structure rules are considered. Each rule represents a cognitive decision during syntactic processing. I show that the priming effect for a rule is inversely proportional to its frequency. With this methodology‚ I test predictions of the Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering & Garrod‚ 2004). The IAM claims that linguistic and situation-model agreement between interlocutors in dialogue is the result of a cascade of resource-free‚ mechanistic priming effects on various linguistic levels. I examine task-oriented dialogue in Map Task‚ which provides a measure of task success through the deviance of the communicated routes on the maps. I find that long-term syntactic adaptation predicts communicative success‚ and it does so earlier than lexical adaptation. The result is applied in a machine-learning based model that estimates task success based on the dialogue‚ capturing 14 percent of the variance in Map Task. Short-term syntactic priming differs qualitatively from long-term adaptation‚ as it does not predict task success‚ providing evidence against learning as a single cognitive basis of adaptation effects. I obtain further evidence for the correlation between semantic activity and syntactic priming through a comparison of the Map Task and Switchboard corpora‚ showing that short-term priming is stronger in task-oriented dialogue than in spontaneous conversation. This difference is evident for priming between and within speakers‚ which suggests that priming is a mechanistic rather than strategic effect. I turn to an investigation of the level at which syntactic priming influences language production. I establish that the effect applies to structural syntactic decisions as opposed to all surface sequences of lexical categories. To do so‚ I identify pairs of part-of-speech categories which consistently cross constituent boundaries defined by the phrase-structure analyses of the sentences. I show that such distituents are less sensitive to priming than pairs occurring within constituents. Thus‚ syntactic priming is sensitive to syntactic structure. The notion of constituent structure differs among syntactic models. Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG‚ Steedman‚ 2000) formalizes flexible constituent structure‚ accounting a varying degree of incrementality in syntactic sentence planning. I examine whether priming effects can support the predictions of CCG using the Switchboard corpus‚ which has been annotated with CCG syntax. I confirm the syntactic priming effect for lexical and non-lexical CCG categories‚ which encode partially satisfied subcategorization frames. I then show that both incremental and normal-form constituent structures exhibit priming‚ arguing for language production accounts that support flexible incrementality. The empirical results are reflected in a cognitive model of syntactic realization in language production. The model assumes that language production is subject to the same principles and constraints as any other form of cognition and follows the ACT-R framework (Anderson‚ 2004). Its syntactic process implements my empirical results on priming and is based on CCG. Syntactic planning can take place incrementally and non-incrementally. The model is able to generate simple sentences that vary syntactically‚ similar to the materials used in the experimental priming literature. Syntactic adaptation emerges due to a preferential and sped-up memory retrieval of syntactic categories describing linearization and subcategorization requirements. Long-term adaptation is explained as a form of learning‚ while short-term priming is the result of a combination of learning and spreading activation from semantic and lexical material. Simulations show that the model produces the adaptation effects and their inverse frequency interaction‚ as well as cumulativity of long-term adaptation.
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BIB
@phdthesis{reitter2008context, title = {Context effects in language production: models of syntactic priming in dialogue corpora}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2008phd.pdf}, school = {University of Edinburgh}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Keller, F. (2008). Structural priming in language production as the result of learning and spreading activation in an ACT-R model. Talk presented at the 21st Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, Chapel Hill, NC.
BIB
@misc{reitter2008structural, address = {Chapel Hill, NC}, type = {Talk}, title = {Structural priming in language production as the result of learning and spreading activation in an {ACT}-{R} model}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2008). The repetition of general lexical material boosts structural priming in language production. Poster presented at the 21st Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, Chapel Hill, NC.
BIB
@misc{reitter2008repetition, address = {Chapel Hill, NC}, type = {Poster}, title = {The repetition of general lexical material boosts structural priming in language production}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2008} }
RIS

2007

Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2007). Predicting success in dialogue. In Proc. 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics (pp. 808–815). Prague, Czech Republic.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
Task-solving in dialogue depends on the linguistic alignment of the interlocutors‚ which Pickering & Garrod (2004) have suggested to be based on mechanistic repetition effects. In this paper‚ we seek confirmation of this hypothesis by looking at repetition in corpora‚ and whether repetition is correlated with task success. We show that the relevant repetition tendency is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming and demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition is a reliable predictor of task success given the first five minutes of a task-oriented dialogue.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2007predicting, address = {Prague, Czech Republic}, title = {Predicting success in dialogue}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2007predicting_task_success.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 45th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} of {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2007}, pages = {808--815} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Keller, F. (2007). Against sequence priming: evidence from constituents and distituents in corpus data. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1421–1426). Nashville, TN: Cognitive Science Society.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Structural priming‚ i.e.‚ the tendency to repeat linguistic material‚ can be explained by two alternative representational assumptions: either as the repetition of hierarchical representations generated by syntactic rules‚ or as the repetition of lexical sequences. We present two studies that test these explanations by investigating priming effects in a dialogue corpus. We compare syntactic constituents with distituents‚ i.e.‚ part-of-speech pairs that cross constituent boundaries. We find a reliable short-term priming effect for constituents‚ but no priming for distituents. This result supports the rule-based view of priming‚ which does not predict priming of distituents. The data are incompatible with a sequence priming analysis‚ which cannot distinguish between constituents and distituents. In a second corpus study‚ we study long-term priming and find priming effects for both constituents and distituents. This indicates that the mechanism underlying long-term adaptation differs substantially from short-term priming.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2007against, address = {Nashville, TN}, title = {Against sequence priming: evidence from constituents and distituents in corpus data}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2007sequence_priming.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank}, year = {2007}, pages = {1421--1426} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Hockenmaier, J. (2007). Corpus-based evidence against sequence priming. Poster presented at the 20th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, La Jolla, CA.
BIB
@misc{reitter2007corpus-based, address = {La Jolla, CA}, type = {Poster}, title = {Corpus-based evidence against sequence priming}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Hockenmaier, Julia}, year = {2007} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2007). Successful dialogue requires syntactic alignment. Poster presented at the 20th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, La Jolla, CA.
BIB
@misc{reitter2007successful, address = {La Jolla, CA}, type = {Poster}, title = {Successful dialogue requires syntactic alignment}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2007} }
RIS

2006

Reitter, D., Hockenmaier, J., & Keller, F. (2006). Priming effects in combinatory categorial grammar. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (pp. 308–316). Sydney, Australia.
EMNLP
EMNLP
Abstract
This paper presents a corpus-based account of structural priming in human sentence processing‚ focusing on the role that syntactic representations play in such an account. We estimate the strength of structural priming effects from a corpus of spontaneous spoken dialogue‚ annotated syntactically with Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) derivations. This methodology allows us to test a range of predictions that CCG makes about priming. In particular‚ we present evidence for priming between lexical and syntactic categories encoding partially satisfied subcategorization frames‚ and we show that priming effects exist both for incremental and normal-form CCG derivations.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2006priming, address = {Sydney, Australia}, title = {Priming effects in combinatory categorial grammar}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006ccg.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} on {Empirical} {Methods} in {Natural} {Language} {Processing}}, author = {Reitter, David and Hockenmaier, Julia and Keller, Frank}, year = {2006}, pages = {308--316} }
RIS
Dzikovska, M. O., Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Zinn, C. (2006). Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus. In C. Callaway (Ed.), Proceedings of the ECAI Workshop on Language-Enhanced Educational Technology (pp. 22–28). Riva del Garda, Italy.
Abstract
We describe results from analyzing a corpus of human-human tutorial dialogue‚ which are aimed at identifying‚ formalizing and automating natural tutoring in the domain of calculus‚ in particular symbolic differentiation. We analyzed a corpus of human-human tutoring dialogues‚ focusing on three areas important to system development: interleaved symbolic and natural language‚ domain modeling‚ and tutorial dialogue strategies. We provide empirical verification of previous results on interleaving natural and symbolic language‚ and show that the properties of interleaving are highly dependent on the input modality. We describe a task model for our domain‚ and provide corpus data to show that the model must cover basic algebra skills as well‚ which are involved in differentiation. We verify the applicability of an existing annotation scheme for tutoring algebra in our domain‚ and propose that it be extended to cover student initiative.
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BIB
@inproceedings{dzikovska2006data-driven, address = {Riva del Garda, Italy}, title = {Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dzikovska2006lam.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ECAI} {Workshop} on {Language}-{Enhanced} {Educational} {Technology}}, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Zinn, Claus}, editor = {Callaway, Charles}, year = {2006}, pages = {22--28} }
RIS
Hachey, B., Murray, G., & Reitter, D. (2006). Dimensionality reduction aids term co-occurrence based multi-document summarization. In Proceedings of the COLING-ACL Workshop Task-Focused Summarization and Question Answering 2006 (pp. 1–7). Sydney, Australia.
Abstract
A key task in an extraction system for query-oriented multi-document summarisation‚ necessary for computing relevance and redundancy‚ is modelling text semantics. In the Embra system‚ we use a representation derived from the singular value decomposition of a term co-occurrence matrix. We present methods to show the reliability of performance improvements. We find that Embra performs better with dimensionality reduction.
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BIB
@inproceedings{hachey2006dimensionality, address = {Sydney, Australia}, title = {Dimensionality reduction aids term co-occurrence based multi-document summarization}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/hachey2006dimensionality.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {COLING}-{ACL} {Workshop} {Task}-{Focused} {Summarization} and {Question} {Answering} 2006}, author = {Hachey, Ben and Murray, Gabriel and Reitter, David}, year = {2006}, pages = {1--7} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Keller, F. (2006). Priming of syntactic rules in task-oriented dialogue and spontaneous conversation. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 685–690). Vancouver, Canada: Cognitive Science Society.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Previous work provided corpus evidence for structural priming for specific syntactic constructions. The present paper extends these results by investigating priming effects involving arbitrary syntactic rules in spoken dialogue corpora. We demonstrate the existence of within- and between-speaker priming in both spontaneous conversation (the Switchboard corpus) and task-oriented dialogue (the Map Task corpus). We also find that between-speaker priming is stronger in the Map Task corpus. This supports the hypothesis that in task-oriented dialog‚ low-level priming is linked to higher-level alignment of situation models.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2006priming, address = {Vancouver, Canada}, title = {Priming of syntactic rules in task-oriented dialogue and spontaneous conversation}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006priming.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Keller, Frank}, year = {2006}, pages = {685--690} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Moore, J. D. (2006). Computational modeling of structural priming in dialogue. In Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp. 121–124). New York, NY.
HLT-NAACL
HLT-NAACL
Abstract
Syntactic priming effects‚ modeled as increase in repetition probability shortly after a use of a syntactic rule‚ have the potential to improve language processing components. We model priming of syntactic rules in annotated corpora of spoken dialogue‚ extending previous work that was confined to selected constructions. We find that speakers are more receptive to priming from their interlocutor in task-oriented dialogue than in sponaneous conversation. Low-frequency rules are more likely to show priming.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2006computational, address = {New York, NY}, title = {Computational modeling of structural priming in dialogue}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006computational.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Language} {Technology} {Conference}/{North} {American} {Chapter} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2006}, pages = {121--124} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Callaway, C. (2006). Methods, requirements and licenses for shared nlg resources. In Open Mic Session, Fourth International Natural Language Generation Conference.
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2006methods, title = {Methods, requirements and licenses for shared nlg resources}, booktitle = {Open {Mic} {Session}, {Fourth} {International} {Natural} {Language} {Generation} {Conference}}, author = {Reitter, David and Callaway, Charles}, year = {2006} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Keller, F. (2006). Corpus-based evidence for syntactic priming as rule repetition. Talk presented at the 12th Annual Conference on Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
BIB
@misc{reitter2006corpus-based, address = {Nijmegen, Netherlands}, type = {Talk}, title = {Corpus-based evidence for syntactic priming as rule repetition}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Keller, Frank}, year = {2006} }
RIS

2005

Dolfing, H., Reitter, D., Almeida, L., Beires, N., Cody, M., Gomes, R., … Zielinski, R. (2005). The FASiL speech and multimodal corpora. In 6th Interspeech 2005 and 9th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology. Lisbon, Portugal.
INTER/EUROSPEECH
Abstract
In the context of the FASiL project‚ we have studied natural language interactions in a unimodal (speech only) and multimodal (speech and graphics) interface to a personal information management database. We collected multilingual corpora to investigate these interactions in three languages: Portuguese‚ English and Swedish. The corpora are used to train language models‚ to update acoustic models‚ to study semantic concepts‚ multimodal interactions‚ and dialogue management strategies. The corpora are annotated in a uniform way‚ with timings‚ transcriptions‚ and semantics. In this paper‚ we report on the structure and design of the corpora which are now available via ELRA.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{dolfing2005fasil, address = {Lisbon, Portugal}, title = {The {FASiL} speech and multimodal corpora}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dolfing2005fasilcorpora.pdf}, booktitle = {6th {Interspeech} 2005 and 9th {European} {Conference} on {Speech} {Communication} and {Technology}}, author = {Dolfing, Hans and Reitter, David and Almeida, Luis and Beires, Nuno and Cody, Michael and Gomes, Rui and Robinson, Kerry and Zielinski, Roman}, year = {2005} }
RIS
Hachey, B., Murray, G., & Reitter, D. (2005). The Embra system at DUC 2005: Query-oriented multi-document summarization with a very large latent semantic space. In Document Understanding Conference 2005. Vancouver, Canada: 6 pages.
DUC
DUC
Abstract
We present the Embra system‚ a first-time entry to DUC for 2005 which performed at or above median for the manual assessment of responsiveness and on 4 out of 5 linguistic quality questions. The system takes a novel approach to relevance and redundancy‚ modeling sentence similarity using a latent semantic space constructed over a very large corpus. We present a simple approach to modeling specificity based on named entities which shows a small improvement over baseline. Finally‚ we discuss coherence and present a sentence reordering algorithm with a component-level evaluation demonstrating a positive effect.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{hachey2005embra, address = {Vancouver, Canada}, title = {The {Embra} system at {DUC} 2005: {Query}-oriented multi-document summarization with a very large latent semantic space}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/hachey2005embra.pdf}, booktitle = {Document {Understanding} {Conference} 2005}, publisher = {6 pages}, author = {Hachey, Ben and Murray, Gabriel and Reitter, David}, year = {2005} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2005). Aquamacs Emacs - a development and authoring environment.
Abstract
Aquamacs is a user-friendly build of the powerful Emacs text editor. Aquamacs integrates with the Mac and offers the same comforts that any application on the Mac provides. Yet‚ it comes with all the ergonomy and extensibility you’ve come to expect from GNU Emacs. It has been authored by David Reitter‚ based on GNU Emacs by Richard Stallman and many others. Aquamacs has been available for about a decade and is used daily by more than twelve thousand academics‚ programmers‚ and authors. It is backed by two strong communities: Aquamacs users‚ and Emacs enthusiasts on all computing platforms (GNU/Linux/Unix‚ Windows‚ Mac).
link
BIB
@misc{reitter2005aquamacs, title = {Aquamacs {Emacs} - a development and authoring environment}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {http://aquamacs.org}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2005} }
RIS

2004

Panttaja, E., Reitter, D., & Cummins, F. (2004). The evaluation of adaptable multimodal system outputs. In Proceedings of the DUMAS Workshop on Robust and Adaptive Information Processing for Mobile Speech Interfaces (pp. 69–76). Geneva, Switzerland.
Abstract
Adaptable multimodal systems are difficult to test. We present a methodology for evaluating parallel multimodal output which is generated in response to a specific set of user‚ device and situation constraints. Our method involves ranking of many potential output variants using a fitness function‚ and selecting well-differentiated variants for user testing. We focus on the generation of multiple variants of graphical user interfaces for small-screen devices and natural language voice output‚ within a system we term UI on the Fly.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{panttaja2004evaluation, address = {Geneva, Switzerland}, title = {The evaluation of adaptable multimodal system outputs}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/panttaja-etal_evaluation_2004.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {DUMAS} {Workshop} on {Robust} and {Adaptive} {Information} {Processing} for {Mobile} {Speech} {Interfaces}}, author = {Panttaja, Erin and Reitter, David and Cummins, Fred}, year = {2004}, pages = {69--76} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2004). A development environment for multimodal functional unification generation grammars. In Third International Conference on Natural Language Generation. 2nd Volume; posters. Brockenhurst, U.K.
INLG
INLG
Abstract
When grammar-based techniques for natural language generation (and analysis alike) find their way into collaborative projects or actual application‚ big grammars tend to become hard to extend and debug. The MUG system represents a new tool set with a graphical debugging environment for functional unification grammars‚ which is designed to help grammar developers inspect the results of their work. The particular formalism supported is Multimodal Functional Unification Grammar (MUG‚ [4])‚ which is similar to Functional Unification Grammars (FUG: [2]‚ [1])‚ but supports several coordinated modes‚ such as voice prompts or structural and/or language-based screen displays. For each input description‚ the grammar can generate a range of coherent realization variants‚ which are ranked by a scoring function in order to optimize the output towards situational and device-related factors.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2004development, address = {Brockenhurst, U.K.}, title = {A development environment for multimodal functional unification generation grammars}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2004inlg.pdf}, booktitle = {Third {International} {Conference} on {Natural} {Language} {Generation}. 2nd {Volume}; posters.}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2004} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Panttaja, E., & Cummins, F. (2004). UI on the fly: generating a multimodal user interface. In Proceedings of Human Language Technology Conference 2004 / North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp. 45–48). Boston, MA.
HLT-NAACL
HLT-NAACL
Abstract
UI on the Fly is a system that dynamically presents coordinated multimodal content through natural language and a small-screen graphical user interface. It adapts to the user’s preferences and situation. Multimodal Functional Unification Grammar (MUG) is a unification-based formalism that uses rules to generate content that is coordinated across several communication modes. Faithful variants are scored with a heuristic function.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2004ui, address = {Boston, MA}, title = {{UI} on the fly: generating a multimodal user interface}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter-etal_uifly_2004.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {Human} {Language} {Technology} {Conference} 2004 / {North} {American} chapter of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Reitter, David and Panttaja, Erin and Cummins, Fred}, year = {2004}, pages = {45--48} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2004). Hybrid planning and realization of coherent utterances for multimodal natural language dialogue systems. University College Dublin.
Abstract
The output of multimodal human-computer interfaces is what this thesis is concerned with. Rather than hard-coding graphical and spoken representations‚ methods are introduced that plan and realize coherent output‚ appropriate to the situation and the device. The generation system expects a mode- and language-independent representation‚ as it can be supplied by the dialogue management component of a dialogue system. The generator then assembles mode-specific rendering instructions simultaneously for each mode with the aid of a unification-based functional grammar. The approach proposed in this thesis abandons the canonical structure of pipelined planning and realization in natural language generation‚ in favor of hard constraints formulated in a grammar‚ and soft constraints that allow for the gradual adaptivity of the output. The grammar is constructed to ensure the coherence of output in different modalities‚ whose output is generated in a synchronized fashion rather than by separate‚ mode-specific generators. The soft constraints follow some of the Gricean maxims by incorporating two counteracting communicative goals: efficacy and efficiency. A fitness function encoding these goals takes into account situation- and user-specific factors‚ such as distractions in a single mode or the user’s sensory impairments. The function leads to the selection of an appropriate output from the variety of potential outputs generated by the grammar. It is evaluated in a study with human subjects. The thesis presents a unification based‚ hybrid grammar formalism which can combine pre-fabricated phrases and linguistically motivated grammar fragments‚ and an associated algorithm which integrates the formulation of grammars that lead to cross-modally coherent output. Methods are compared to efficiently implement a control strategy‚ combining hard and soft constraints as a constraint optimization problem. The cross-modal coherence implemented by the grammar formalism is motivated by known phenomena‚ such as cross-modal priming‚ or alignment between interlocutors. To optimize discourse coherence‚ central ideas of Centering Theory are implemented using the grammar formalism. Finally‚ novel methods and a ready-to-use implementation are introduced which allow user interface developers to inspect‚ maintain and extend grammars. The formalism and generation implementation is demonstrated with a grammar for a mobile‚ multimodal application‚ the Virtual Personal Assistant.
PDF
BIB
@phdthesis{reitter2004hybrid, title = {Hybrid planning and realization of coherent utterances for multimodal natural language dialogue systems}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2004hybrid-multimodal-generation_compressed.pdf}, school = {University College Dublin}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2004} }
RIS

2003

Reitter, D. (2003). Simple signals for complex rhetorics: on rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models. Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics, 18(1/2), 38–52.
Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics
JLCL
Abstract
Most text displays an internal coherence structure‚ which can be analyzed as a tree structure of relations that hold between short segments of text. We present a machine-learning governed approach to such an analysis in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory. Our rhetorical analyzer observes a variety of textual properties‚ such as cue phrases‚ part-of-speech information‚ rhetorical context and lexical chaining. A two-stage parsing algorithm uses local and global optimization to find an analysis. Decisions during parsing are driven by an ensemble of support vector classifiers. This training method allows for a non-linear separation of samples with many relevant features. We define a chain of annotation tools that profits from a new underspecified representation of rhetorical structure. Classifiers are trained on a newly introduced German language corpus‚ as well as on a large English one. We present evaluation data for the recognition of rhetorical relations.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2003simple, series = {{LDV} {Forum}}, title = {Simple signals for complex rhetorics: on rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models}, volume = {18}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter_complex-rst_2003.pdf}, number = {1/2}, journal = {Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2003}, pages = {38--52} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Stede, M. (2003). Step by step: underspecified markup in incremental rhetorical analysis. In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Linguistically Interpreted Corpora (LINC-03) (at EACL 2003) (pp. 77–84). Budapest, Hungary.
Abstract
While quite a few linguistic corpora with syntactic annotations are available today‚ resources are scarce on the level of discourse annotation. A flexible‚ extendible annotation format speeds up development. We therefore propose an XML format for annotating rhetorical structure trees. In human and automatic analysis‚ rhetorical structure is often difficult and assigned incrementally. Thus‚ the format allows for underspecification. The paper discusses the various design decisions involved‚ illustrates the format with an example‚ and sketches some applications.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2003step, address = {Budapest, Hungary}, title = {Step by step: underspecified markup in incremental rhetorical analysis}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter-stede_urml_2003.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th {International} {Workshop} on {Linguistically} {Interpreted} {Corpora} ({LINC}-03) (at {EACL} 2003)}, author = {Reitter, David and Stede, Manfred}, year = {2003}, pages = {77--84} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2003). Rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models. University of Potsdam.
Best thesis award 2001/2002 at the GLDV'03 spring conference.
Abstract
Most text displays an internal coherence structure‚ which can be analyzed as a tree structure of relations that hold between short segments of text. We present a machine-learning governed approach to such an analysis in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory. Our rhetorical analyzer observes a variety of textual properties‚ such as cue phrases‚ part-of-speech information‚ rhetorical context and lexical chaining. A two-stage parsing algorithm uses local and global optimization to find an analysis. Decisions during parsing are driven by an ensemble of support vector classifiers. This training method allows for a non-linear separation of samples with many relevant features. We define a chain of annotation tools that profits from a new underspecified representation of rhetorical structure. Classifiers are trained on a newly introduced German language corpus‚ as well as on a large English one. We present evaluation data for the recognition of rhetorical relations.
PDF
BIB
@phdthesis{reitter2003rhetorical, title = {Rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter_rstsvm-thesis_2003.pdf}, school = {University of Potsdam}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2003}, note = {Best thesis award 2001/2002 at the GLDV'03 spring conference.} }
RIS

2002

Reitter, D. (Ed.). (2002). Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS). Potsdam, Germany: University of Potsdam.
TaCoS
BIB
@book{reitter2002proceedings, address = {Potsdam, Germany}, title = {Proceedings of the 12th {Student} {Conference} on {Computational} {Linguistics} ({TaCoS})}, shorttitle = {{TaCoS}}, publisher = {University of Potsdam}, editor = {Reitter, David}, year = {2002} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2002). Statistical part-of-speech guessing for German: support vector classifiers versus voting. In Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics. Potsdam, Germany.
TaCoS
TaCoS
Abstract
I present a statistical-based approach to the part-of-speech guessing problem. I see assigning a part-of-speech‚ such as Adjective or Noun ‚ as a classification problem. My guessing framework‚ which relies on automated learning of a language model‚ is described in detail. The rich feature analysis presented is suitable for linguistic data‚ such as the ones observed in German. I use a large margin classifier learning algorithm to select relevant features and learn appropriate labelling. The system is evaluated using a German corpus.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2002statistical, address = {Potsdam, Germany}, title = {Statistical part-of-speech guessing for {German}: support vector classifiers versus voting}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter_posguessing_2002.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th {Student} {Conference} on {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2002} }
RIS
Berger, D., Reitter, D., & Stede, M. (2002). XML/XSL in the dictionary: the case of discourse markers. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on NLP and XML (NLPXML-2002), (at COLING 2002). Taipei, Taiwan.
Abstract
We describe our ongoing work on an application of XML/XSL technology to a dictionary‚ from whose source representation various views for the human reader as well as for automatic text generation and understanding are derived. Our case study is a dictionary of discourse markers‚ the words (often‚ but not always‚ conjunctions) that signal the presence of a disocurse relation between adjacent spans of text.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{berger2002xml/xsl, address = {Taipei, Taiwan}, title = {{XML}/{XSL} in the dictionary: the case of discourse markers}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/bergeretal_xmldiscmarkers_2002.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd {Workshop} on {NLP} and {XML} ({NLPXML}-2002), (at {COLING} 2002)}, author = {Berger, Daniela and Reitter, David and Stede, Manfred}, year = {2002} }
RIS

2001

Reitter, D., Covaci, S., Oltean, F., Bacanu, C., & Serbanuta, T. (2001). Hybrid natural language processing in a customer-care environment. In Proceedings of the 11th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS). Heidelberg, Germany.
TaCoS
TaCoS
Abstract
CyMON-NLU can inform‚ chat and gather user information using an advanced natural language understanding engine. It combines statistical morphosyntactic disambiguation methods (trigram tagging)‚ a stemming algorithm and a robust parser for a large semantic grammar implemented in an XML formalism. The scalable CyMON-NLU engine is implemented in C++ and provides interfaces to the agent-based CRM platform CyMON. Further features include automatic language detection and dialog tracking using a semantic network interface. A development kit enables language engineers to easily create semantic grammars for the specific domain.
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2001hybrid, address = {Heidelberg, Germany}, title = {Hybrid natural language processing in a customer-care environment}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {Student} {Conference} on {Computational} {Linguistics} ({TaCoS})}, author = {Reitter, David and Covaci, Stefan and Oltean, Florin and Bacanu, Catalin and Serbanuta, Traian}, year = {2001} }
RIS

1996

Reitter, D. (1996). ClickRun - a utility [Atari ST (TOS) Series].
Abstract
Enables quick access to installed software.
BIB
@misc{reitter1996clickrun, title = {{ClickRun} - a utility}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {1996} }
RIS

1994

Reitter, D. (1994). Tetric - the game [Atari ST (TOS) Series].
Abstract
Implementation of the popular Tetris game‚ with multi-player mode (via MIDI connections) and its own soundtrack.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter1994tetric, title = {Tetric - the game}, copyright = {Proprietary}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/software/projects_atari.html}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {1994} }
RIS

1993

Reitter, D. (1993–1998). égale - a programmer’s tool [Atari ST (TOS) series].
Abstract
This program compared files‚ typically text files or source code. It presented two versions of a file visually in a split screen and marked up differences‚ aided by an algorithm to detect changes.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter1993egale, title = {égale - a programmer's tool}, copyright = {Proprietary}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/software/projects_atari.html}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {1993} }
RIS

1992

Reitter, D. (1992). X-Point - a mail client [Atari ST (TOS) Series].
Abstract
X-Point was an integrated e-mail and bulletin board message client that connected to StarNet‚ a German network of bulletin board systems (BBS) via modems and the telephone network. These systems were an early computer network popular before the internet became widely available. X-Point included its own text editor‚ message viewer and implementation of the StarNet communication protocol.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter1992x-point, title = {X-{Point} - a mail client}, copyright = {Proprietary}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/software/projects_atari.html}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {1992} }
RIS
A zot_bib_web bibliography.
================================================ FILE: demo/example2.html ================================================ Bibliography

Bibliography

Journal Articles

  1. Ororbia II, A. G., Mikolov, T., & Reitter, D. (in review). Learning Simpler Language Models with the Delta Recurrent Neural Network Framework.
    Abstract
    Learning useful information across long time lags is a critical and difficult problem for temporal neural models in tasks like language modeling. Existing architectures that address the issue are often complex and costly to train. The Delta Recurrent Neural Network (Delta-RNN) framework is a simple and high-performing design that unifies previously proposed gated neural models. The Delta-RNN models maintain longer-term memory by learning to interpolate between a fast-changing data-driven representation and a slowly changing‚ implicitly stable state. This requires hardly any more parameters than a classical simple recurrent network. The models outperform popular complex architectures‚ such as the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and achieve state-of-the art performance in language modeling at character and word levels and yield comparable performance at the subword level.
    link
    BIB
    @article{ororbia_ii_learning_nodate, series = {{arXiv} preprint {arXiv}:1703.08864}, title = {Learning {Simpler} {Language} {Models} with the {Delta} {Recurrent} {Neural} {Network} {Framework}}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.08864}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Mikolov, Tomas and Reitter, David} }
    RIS
  2. Vogelzang, M., De Rechteren van Hemert, A., Reitter, D., Van Rij, J., Hendriks, P., & Van Rijn, H. (in review). Towards cognitively constrained models of language processing: A review.
    Abstract
    Language processing is not an isolated capacity‚ but is embedded in other aspects of our cognition. However‚ it is still largely unexplored to what extent and how language processing interacts with general cognitive resources. This question can be investigated with cognitively constrained computational models‚ which simulate the cognitive processes involved in language processing. The theoretical claims implemented in cognitive models interact with general architectural constraints such as memory limitations. This way‚ it generates new predictions that can be tested in experiments‚ thus generating new data that can give rise to new theoretical insights. This theory-model-experiment cycle is a promising method for investigating aspects of language processing that are difficult to investigate with more traditional experimental techniques. This review specifically examines the language processing models of Lewis and Vasishth (2005)‚ Reitter‚ Keller‚ and Moore (2011)‚ and Van Rij‚ Van Rijn‚ and Hendriks (2010)‚ all implemented in the cognitive architecture ACT-R (Anderson‚ 2007). These models are all limited by the assumptions about cognitive capacities provided by the cognitive architecture‚ but use different linguistic approaches. Because of this‚ their comparison provides insight into the extent to which assumptions about general cognitive resources influence concretely implemented models of linguistic competence. For example‚ the sheer speed and accuracy of human language processing is a current challenge in the field of cognitive modeling‚ as it does not seem to adhere to the same memory and processing capacities that have been found in other cognitive processes. Architecture-based cognitive models of language processing may be able to make explicit which language-specific resources are needed to acquire and process natural language. The review sheds light on cognitively constrained models of language processing from two angles: we discuss 1) whether currently adopted cognitive assumptions meet the requirements for language processing‚ and 2) how cognitive assumptions reduce the degrees of freedom of linguistic analyses‚ thus increasing their cognitive plausibility. Overall‚ the evaluation of cognitively constrained models of language processing will allow for a better understanding of the relation between data‚ linguistic theory‚ cognitive assumptions‚ and explanation.
    BIB
    @article{vogelzangnodatetowards, title = {Towards cognitively constrained models of language processing: {A} review}, author = {Vogelzang, Margreet and De Rechteren van Hemert, Annelot and Reitter, David and Van Rij, Jacolien and Hendriks, Petra and Van Rijn, Hedderik} }
    RIS
  3. Reitter, D., & Grossklags, J. (in review). Timing Decisions: How Individual Differences and Task Perception Affect Choices.
    Abstract
    This paper addresses timing decisions and how individuals’ predispositions shape their choices in light of changing task demands and the availability of information. A series of behavioral experiments is presented in which the timing of actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.
    BIB
    @article{reitternodatetiming, title = {Timing {Decisions}: {How} {Individual} {Differences} and {Task} {Perception} {Affect} {Choices}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens} }
    RIS
  4. Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (in review). Alignment Follows the Signals of Linguistic Power, but Not Social Power.
    Abstract
    The presence of linguistic features that indicate “powerless” (hedges and hesitations) is found to be positively correlated with the amount of alignment (accommodation‚ entrenchment‚ coordination) in online conversations‚ after the disturbing effect of text length is removed. The effect of powerless features is stronger than that of the explicit status difference (admin vs. non-admin) in the Wikipedia data. We conjecture that interlocutors’ perception of the powerless features best explains the relationship between power status and linguistic alignment. This unifies mechanistic‚ memory-based priming models with alignment that varies with apparent social status.
    BIB
    @article{xunodatealignment, title = {Alignment {Follows} the {Signals} of {Linguistic} {Power}, but {Not} {Social} {Power}}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David} }
    RIS
  5. Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (in review). Impatience in Dynamic Decision Making.
    Abstract
    Choosing when to act‚ as opposed to how to act‚ is a critical task in many practical situations. In this paper‚ two experiments are presented that elicit timing decisions under external uncertainty to study impatience‚ a bias affecting timing decisions. Each experiment uses a game with an automated‚ stochastic opponent‚ and the game is designed to represent real-life decisions on timing of actions. Experiment 1 elicits impatience and contrasts it from individual risk propensity. Experiment 2 manipulates impatience using a visual countdown procedure. Two effects‚ different for men and women‚ are identified as a consequence of the impatience bias‚ which was moderated using fast countdowns. The first effect‚ a tendency to act early and more frequently‚ was observed in men. The second effect‚ observed in women‚ was a tendency to receive information early at cost‚ if only for a few seconds and with no gain. Additionally‚ impatience caused by the delay negatively affected men’s happiness with the task. Men who received faster countdowns left reliably more positive comments about their experience.
    BIB
    @article{ghafuriannodateimpatience, title = {Impatience in {Dynamic} {Decision} {Making}}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David} }
    RIS
  6. Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (accepted). Entropy in conversation: Towards an information-theoretic model of dialogue. Cognition, 45 pages.
    Cognition
    Cognition
    Abstract
    The principle of entropy rate constancy (ERC) states that language users distribute information such that words tend to be equally predictable given previous contexts. We examine the applicability of this principle to spoken dialogue‚ as previous findings primarily rest on written text. The study takes into account the joint-activity nature of dialogue and the topic shift mechanisms that are different from monologue. It examines how the information contributions from the two dialogue partners interactively evolve as the discourse develops. The increase of local sentence-level entropy (predicted by ERC) is shown to apply to dialogue overall. However‚ by identifying the different roles of interlocutors in introducing new topics (initiator vs. responder)‚ their contribution in information content displays a new converging pattern. The finding is explained through a combination of common ground (CG) theory and interactive alignment model (IAM)‚ on top of a discourse analysis of topic structures. Based on the analysis‚ we put forward a descriptive information-theoretic view of dialogue that casts dialogue as an information exchange system‚ within which the individual’s information production shows less predictable variation over time‚ but the joint contribution of the interlocutors as a whole does follow the prediction of ERC‚ i.e.‚ keeping the overall entropy rate constant.
    BIB
    @article{xunodateentropy, title = {Entropy in conversation: {Towards} an information-theoretic model of dialogue}, journal = {Cognition}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, pages = {45 pages} }
    RIS
  7. D’Orazio, V., Kenwick, M., Lane, M., Palmer, G., & Reitter, D. (2016). Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict. PLOS ONE, 11(6), e0156527. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156527
    PLOS ONE
    PLOS ONE
    Abstract
    Much of the data used to measure conflict is extracted from news reports. This is typically accomplished using either expert coders to quantify the relevant information or machine coders to automatically extract data from documents. Although expert coding is costly‚ it produces quality data. Machine coding is fast and inexpensive‚ but the data are noisy. To diminish the severity of this tradeoff‚ we introduce a method for analyzing news documents that uses crowdsourcing‚ supplemented with computational approaches. The new method is tested on documents about Militarized Interstate Disputes‚ and its accuracy ranges between about 68 and 76 percent. This is shown to be a considerable improvement over automated coding‚ and to cost less and be much faster than expert coding.
    PDF
    BIB
    @article{dorazio2016crowdsourcing, title = {Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict}, volume = {11}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dorazio2016conflict.pdf}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156527}, number = {6}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {e0156527} }
    RIS
  8. Paik, J., Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Reitter, D. (2015). Predicting user performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 22(5), Article No. 25. https://doi.org/10.1145/2776891
    ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
    ACM ToCHI
    Abstract
    We report a way to build a series of GOMS-like cognitive user models representing a range of performance at different stages of learning. We use a spreadsheet task across multiple sessions as an example task; it takes about 20–30 min. to perform. The models were created in ACT-R using a compiler. The novice model has 29 rules and 1‚152 declarative memory task elements (chunks)—it learns to create procedural knowledge to perform the task. The expert model has 617 rules and 614 task chunks (that it does not use) and 538 command string chunks—it gets slightly faster through limited declarative learning of the command strings and some further production compilation; there are a range of intermediate models. These models were tested against aggregate and individual human learning data‚ confirming the models’ predictions. This work suggests that user models can be created that learn like users while doing the task.
    PDF
    BIB
    @article{paik2015predicting, title = {Predicting user performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the {Herbal} compiler}, volume = {22}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/paikKRR15.pdf}, doi = {10.1145/2776891}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Paik, Jaehyon and Kim, Jong W. and Ritter, Frank E. and Reitter, David}, year = {2015}, pages = {Article No. 25} }
    RIS
  9. Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2014). Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 29–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008
    Journal of Memory and Language
    J Mem Lang
    Abstract
    Task-solving in dialogue depends on the convergence of the situation models held by the dialogue partners. The Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering and Garrod‚ 2004) suggests that this convergence is the result of an interactive alignment process‚ which is based on mechanistic repetition at a number of linguistic levels. In this paper‚ we develop two predictions arising from the theory‚ along with two methods to quantify the known structural priming effects in the full inventory of syntactic choices found in text and speech corpora. (a) Under a rational perspective‚ we expect increased repetition in task-oriented dialogue compared to spontaneous conversation. We find within- and between-speaker priming in a corpus of spontaneous conversations‚ but stronger priming in task-oriented dialogue. (b) The Interactive Alignment Model predicts linguistic adaptation to be correlated with task success. We show this effect in a corpus of task-oriented dialogue‚ where we find a positive correlation of long-term adaptation and a quantifiable task success measure. We argue that the repetition tendency relevant for the high-level alignment of situation models is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming. We demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition are reliable and computationally exploitable predictors of task success.
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    BIB
    @article{reitter2014alignment, title = {Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue}, volume = {76}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014JML-alignment.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008}, journal = {Journal of Memory and Language}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2014}, pages = {29--46} }
    RIS
  10. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model. Cognitive Systems Research, 12(2), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005
    Cognitive Systems Research
    J Cog Sys Res
    Abstract
    We simulate the evolution of a domain vocabulary in small communities. Empirical data show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language. We propose that simulations of such cultural evolution incorporate properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). A cognitive model is described that encodes abstract concepts with small sets of concrete‚ related concepts (directing)‚ and that also decodes such signs (matching). Learning captures conventionalized signs. Relatedness of concepts is characterized by a mixture of shared and individual knowledge‚ which we sample from a text corpus. Simulations show vocabulary convergence of agent communities of varied structure‚ but idiosyncrasy in vocabularies of each dyad of models. Convergence is weakened when agents do not alternate between encoding and decoding‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication. Convergence is improved by explicit feedback about communicative success. We hypothesize that humans seek out subtle clues to gauge success in order to guide their vocabulary acquisition.
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    BIB
    @article{reitter2011how, title = {How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: {A} cognitive multi-agent model}, volume = {12}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011domainvocabulary.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {175--185} }
    RIS
  11. Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Moore, J. D. (2011). A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming. Cognitive Science, 35(4), 587–637. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x
    Cognitive Science
    J Cog Sci
    Abstract
    The psycholinguistic literature has identified two syntactic adaptation effects in language production: rapidly decaying short-term priming and long-lasting adaptation. To explain both effects‚ we present an ACT-R model of syntactic priming based on a wide-coverage‚ lexicalized syntactic theory that explains priming as facilitation of lexical access. In this model‚ two well-established ACT-R mechanisms‚ base-level learning and spreading activation‚ account for long-term adaptation and short-term priming‚ respectively. Our model simulates incremental language production and in a series of modeling studies we show that it accounts for (a) the inverse frequency interaction; (b) the absence of a decay in long-term priming; and (c) the cumulativity of long-term adaptation. The model also explains the lexical boost effect and the fact that it only applies to short-term priming. We also present corpus data that verifies a prediction of the model‚ i.e.‚ that the lexical boost affects all lexical material‚ rather than just heads.
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    BIB
    @article{reitter2011computational, title = {A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming}, volume = {35}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011syntacticpriming.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x}, number = {4}, journal = {Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2011}, pages = {587--637} }
    RIS
  12. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). A cognitive model of spatial path planning. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 16(3), 220–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10588-010-9073-3
    Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
    CMOT
    Abstract
    Planning a path to a destination‚ given a number of options and obstacles‚ is a common task. We suggest a two-component cognitive model that combines retrieval of knowledge about the environment with search guided by visual perception. In the first component‚ subsymbolic information‚ acquired during navigation‚ aids in the retrieval of declarative information representing possible paths to take. In the second component‚ visual information directs the search‚ which in turn creates knowledge for the first component. The model is implemented using the ACT-R cognitive architecture and makes realistic assumptions about memory access and shifts in visual attention. We present simulation results for memory-based high-level navigation in grid and tree structures‚ and visual navigation in mazes‚ varying relevant cognitive (retrieval noise and visual finsts) and environmental (maze and path size) parameters. The visual component is evaluated with data from a multi-robot control experiment‚ where subjects planned paths for robots to explore a building. We describe a method to compare trajectories without referring to aligned points in the itinerary. The evaluation shows that the model provides a good fit‚ but also that planning strategies may differ between task loads.
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    BIB
    @article{reitter2010cognitive, title = {A cognitive model of spatial path planning}, volume = {16}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010pathplanning.pdf}, doi = {10.1007/s10588-010-9073-3}, number = {3}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2010}, pages = {220--245} }
    RIS
  13. Reitter, D. (2010). Metacognition and multiple strategies in a cognitive model of online control. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 2(2), 20–37.
    Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
    J AGI
    Abstract
    We present a cognitive model performing the Dynamic Stocks&Flows control task‚ in which subjects control a system by counteracting a systematically changing external variable. The model uses a metacognitive layer that chooses a task strategy drawn from of two classes of strategies: precise calculation and imprecise estimation. The model‚ formulated within the ACT-R theory‚ monitors the success of each strategy continuously using instance-based learning and blended retrieval from declarative memory. The model underspecifies other portions of the task strategies‚ whose timing was determined as unbiased estimate from empirical data. The model’s predictions were evaluated on data collected from novel experimental conditions‚ which did not inform the model’s development and included discontinuous and noisy environmental change functions and a control delay. The model as well as the data show sudden changes in subject error and general learning of control; the model also correctly predicted oscillations of plausible magnitude. With its predictions‚ the model ranked first among the entries to the 2009 Dynamic Stocks&Flows modeling challenge.
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    BIB
    @article{reitter2010metacognition, title = {Metacognition and multiple strategies in a cognitive model of online control}, volume = {2}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010metacognition.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Artificial General Intelligence}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2010}, pages = {20--37} }
    RIS
  14. Gluck, K. A., Stanley, C. T., L. Richard Moore, J., Reitter, D., & Halbrügge, M. (2010). Exploration for understanding in model comparisons. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 2(2), 88–107.
    Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
    J AGI
    Abstract
    The cognitive modeling and artificial general intelligence research communities may reap greater scientific return on research investments – may achieve an improved understanding of architectures and models – if there is more emphasis on systematic sensitivity and necessity analyses during model development‚ evaluation‚ and comparison. We demonstrate this methodological prescription with two of the models submitted for the Dynamic Stocks and Flows (DSF) Model Comparison Challenge‚ exploring the complex interactions among architectural mechanisms‚ knowledge-level strategy variants‚ and task conditions. To cope with the computational demands of these analyses we use a predictive analytics approach similar to regression trees‚ combined with parallelization on high performance computing clusters‚ to enable large scale‚ simultaneous search and exploration.
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    BIB
    @article{gluck2010exploration, title = {Exploration for understanding in model comparisons}, volume = {2}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/gluck2010exploration.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Artificial General Intelligence}, author = {Gluck, Kevin A. and Stanley, Clayton T. and L. Richard Moore, Jr. and Reitter, David and Halbrügge, Marc}, year = {2010}, pages = {88--107} }
    RIS
  15. Reitter, D. (2003). Simple signals for complex rhetorics: on rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models. Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics, 18(1/2), 38–52.
    Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics
    JLCL
    Abstract
    Most text displays an internal coherence structure‚ which can be analyzed as a tree structure of relations that hold between short segments of text. We present a machine-learning governed approach to such an analysis in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory. Our rhetorical analyzer observes a variety of textual properties‚ such as cue phrases‚ part-of-speech information‚ rhetorical context and lexical chaining. A two-stage parsing algorithm uses local and global optimization to find an analysis. Decisions during parsing are driven by an ensemble of support vector classifiers. This training method allows for a non-linear separation of samples with many relevant features. We define a chain of annotation tools that profits from a new underspecified representation of rhetorical structure. Classifiers are trained on a newly introduced German language corpus‚ as well as on a large English one. We present evaluation data for the recognition of rhetorical relations.
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    BIB
    @article{reitter2003simple, series = {{LDV} {Forum}}, title = {Simple signals for complex rhetorics: on rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models}, volume = {18}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter_complex-rst_2003.pdf}, number = {1/2}, journal = {Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2003}, pages = {38--52} }
    RIS

Archival Conference Publications

  1. Wang, Y., Reitter, D., & Yen, J. (2017). How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.
    SBP-BRiMS
    SBP-BRiMS
    Abstract
    Linguistic alignment in text-based communication means that people tend to adjust their language use to one another both in terms of word choice and sentence structure. Previous studies about linguistic alignment suggested that these two forms of adaptation are correlated with each other‚ and that they build up to alignment at a higher representational level‚ such as pragmatic alignment for support functions. Two types of social support have been identified as important for online health communities (OHCs): emotional and informational support between support seekers and support providers. Do the two lower-level alignment measures (lexical and syntactic) relate to these two types of social support in the same way or‚ are they different? Our hypothesis was that they are similar‚ due to their correlation relationship. However‚ we found that‚ based on an analysis of a 10-year online forum for cancer survivors‚ the lower-level alignment measures have distinct relationships to the two higher-level support functions. In this paper‚ we describe this finding and its implications regarding potential refinement of the Inter- active Alignment Model.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{wang2017how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2017emotional.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2017} }
    RIS
  2. Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2017). Spectral Analysis of Information Density in Dialogue Predicts Collaborative Task Performance. In Proceedings of the 55th Annual Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Vancouver, Canada.
    ACL
    ACL
    Abstract
    We propose a perspective on dialogue that focuses on relative information contributions of conversation partners as a key to successful communication. We predict the success of collaborative task in English and Danish corpora of task-oriented dialogue. Two features are extracted from the frequency domain representations of the lexical entropy series of each interlocutor‚ power spectrum overlap (PSO) and relative phase (RP). We find that PSO is a negative predictor of task success‚ while RP is a positive one. An SVM with these features significantly improved on previous task success prediction models. Our findings suggest that the strategic distribution of information density between interlocutors is relevant to task success.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{xu2017spectral, address = {Vancouver, Canada}, title = {Spectral {Analysis} of {Information} {Density} in {Dialogue} {Predicts} {Collaborative} {Task} {Performance}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2017spectral.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 55th {Annual} {Mtg}. of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
    RIS
  3. Cole, J., Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2017). Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.
    SBP-BRiMS
    SBP-BRiMS
    Abstract
    This study examines how novel words originate in and disperse through online communities. It asks whether larger numbers of people or closer social ties are better environments to foster the adoption of new words. The data stem from Reddit‚ a large sample of web-mediated‚ asynchronous conversations. Reddit communities are divided by size in this study: larger communities are based on discussing general topics and have weak social ties‚ whereas small communities are based on discussing specific topics and have strong social ties. The analysis shows that the majority of new words are created / first adopted in larger communities.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{cole2017is, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Is {Word} {Adoption} a {Grassroots} {Process}? {An} {Analysis} of {Reddit} {Communities}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2017wordadoption.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
    RIS
  4. Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective. In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Vol. 1 (Long Papers), pp. 537–546). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics.
    ACL
    ACL
    Abstract
    The applicability of entropy rate constancy to dialogue is examined on two spoken dialogue corpora. The principle is found to hold; however‚ new entropy change patterns within the topic episodes of dialogue are described‚ which are different from written text. Speaker’s dynamic roles as topic initiators and topic responders are associated with decreasing and increasing entropy‚ respectively‚ which results in local convergence between these speakers in each topic episode. This implies that the sentence entropy in dialogue is conditioned on different contexts determined by the speaker’s roles. Explanations from the perspectives of grounding theory and interactive alignment are discussed‚ resulting in a novel‚ unified information-theoretic approach of dialogue.
    link
    BIB
    @inproceedings{xu2016entropy, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective}, volume = {1 (Long Papers)}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-1051}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {537--546} }
    RIS
  5. Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). Convergence of Syntactic Complexity in Conversation. In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Vol. 2 (Short Papers), pp. 443–448). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics.
    ACL
    ACL
    Abstract
    Using corpus data of spoken dialogue‚ we examine the convergence of syntactic complexity levels between interlocutors in natural conversations‚ as it occurs within spans of topic episodes. The findings of general convergence in the Switchboard and BNC corpora are compatible with an information-theoretic model of dialogue and with Interactive Alignment Theory.
    link
    BIB
    @inproceedings{xu2016convergence, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Convergence of {Syntactic} {Complexity} in {Conversation}}, volume = {2 (Short Papers)}, url = {http://anthology.aclweb.org/P16-2072}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {443--448} }
    RIS
  6. Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2016). Impatience induced by waiting: An effect moderated by the speed of countdowns. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems. Brisbane, Australia: ACM.
    DIS
    DIS
    Abstract
    Countdowns and progress bars provide computer users with estimates of remaining wait times. These types of feedback are intended to manage their expectations and allow users to direct attention elsewhere. We suggest that they also moderate user’s impatience‚ which affects decision-making in the subsequent task. In an experiment with 421 participants‚ impatience in a timing decision task was effectively and systematically manip- ulated through a countdown‚ as it affected timing and performance of the user’s actions in the task. The effect persisted even after users gained task experience. More rapid countdowns reduced impatience. Post-hoc analysis also showed increased task satisfaction with rising countdown speed and suggested greater task satisfaction with a rapid countdown than with no waiting period at all.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{ghafurian2016impatience, address = {Brisbane, Australia}, title = {Impatience induced by waiting: {An} effect moderated by the speed of countdowns}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016DIS.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2016 {ACM} {Conference} on {Designing} {Interactive} {Systems}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
    RIS
  7. Cole, J., Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). How people talk about armed conflicts: An analysis of Reddit data. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling (pp. 366–376). Washington, D.C.: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35
    SBP-BRiMS
    SBP-BRiMS
    Abstract
    Armed conflicts around the world produce displacement‚ in- jury‚ and death. This study examines how anonymous and pseudony- mous Internet commenters discuss such conflicts. Specifically‚ we ask how permissible it is to express positive or negative sentiments about these conflicts as a function of variables including region‚ conflict nature‚ and severity. Data from the Armed Conflicts Database is aggregated to identify a number of potential factors that may influence views on ac- ceptable sentiments. A large-scale sample of the Reddit comment forum was coded for positive and negative sentiments using sentiment analy- sis techniques. Permissibility is judged using the Reddit voting features. Regressions reveal that positive sentiments are found not permissible for higher numbers of fatalities‚ and that negative sentiments are found permissible for certain regions‚ more permissible for older conflicts‚ and less permissible for territorial conflicts. A number of alternative‚ non- correlated predictors are presented.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{cole2016how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS} 9708}, title = {How people talk about armed conflicts: {An} analysis of {Reddit} data}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2016armedconflicts.pdf}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Xu, Ying and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {366--376} }
    RIS
  8. Ororbia II, A. G., Reitter, D., Wu, J., & Giles, C. L. (2015). Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Proceedings, ECML PKDD 2015) (Vol. 9284, pp. 516–532). Porto, Portugal: Springer.
    ECML PKDD
    ECML PKDD
    Abstract
    A hybrid architecture is presented capable of online learning from both labeled and unlabeled samples. It combines both generative and discriminative objectives to derive a new variant of the Deep Belief Network‚ i.e.‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network model. The model’s training algorithm is built on principles developed from hybrid discriminative Boltzmann machines and composes deep architectures in a greedy fashion. It makes use of its inherent “layer-wise ensemble" nature to perform useful classification work. We (1) compare this architecture against a hybrid Denoising Auto-encoder version of itself as well as several other models and (2) investigate training in the context of an incremental learning procedure. The best-performing hybrid model‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network‚ consistently outperforms all others.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{ororbia_ii_online_2015, address = {Porto, Portugal}, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization}, volume = {9284}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia_deep_hybrid_ecml_2015.pdf}, booktitle = {Machine {Learning} and {Knowledge} {Discovery} in {Databases} ({Proceedings}, {ECML} {PKDD} 2015)}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Wu, Jian and Giles, C. Lee}, year = {2015}, pages = {516--532} }
    RIS
  9. Ororbia II, A. G., Giles, C. L., & Reitter, D. (2015). Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Lisbon, Portugal.
    EMNLP
    EMNLP
    Abstract
    We present a novel fine-tuning algorithm in a deep hybrid architecture for semi-supervised text classification. During each increment of the online learning process‚ the fine-tuning algorithm serves as a top-down mechanism for pseudo-jointly modifying model parameters following a bottom-up generative learning pass. The resulting model‚ trained under what we call the Bottom-Up-Top-Down learning algorithm‚ is shown to outperform a variety of competitive models and baselines trained across a wide range of splits between supervised and unsupervised training data.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{ororbia_ii_learning_2015, address = {Lisbon, Portugal}, title = {Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015learning-deep-hybrid.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2015 {Conference} on {Empirical} {Methods} in {Natural} {Language} {Processing}}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Giles, C. Lee and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
    RIS
  10. Ororbia II, A. G., Xu, Y., D’Orazio, V., & Reitter, D. (2015). Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information. In N. Agarwal, K. Xu, & N. Osgood (Eds.), Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction (Vol. 9021, pp. 381–387). Springer.
    10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47
    SBP
    Abstract
    A discriminative model is presented for crowd-sourcing the annotation of news stories to produce a structured dataset about incidents involving militarized disputes between nation-states. We used a question tree to gather partially redundant data from each crowd worker. A lattice of Bayesian Networks was then applied to error correct the individual worker annotations‚ the results of which were then aggregated via majority voting. The resulting hybrid model outperformed comparable‚ state-of-the-art aggregation models in both accuracy and computational scalability.
    PDF
    BIB
    @incollection{ororbia_ii_error-correction_2015, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science} ({SBP})}, title = {Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information}, volume = {9021}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015crowd.pdf}, booktitle = {Social {Computing}, {Behavioral} {Modeling} and {Prediction}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Xu, Yang and D'Orazio, Vito and Reitter, David}, editor = {Agarwal, Nitin and Xu, Kevin and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2015}, note = {10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47}, pages = {381--387} }
    RIS
  11. Grossklags, J., & Reitter, D. (2014). How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing. In Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium (pp. 111–122). Vienna.
    CSF
    CSF
    Abstract
    This paper addresses security and safety choices that involve a decision on the timing of an action. Examples of such decisions include when to check log files for intruders and when to monitor financial accounts for fraud or errors. To better understand how performance in timing-related security situations is shaped by individuals’ cognitive predispositions‚ we effectively combine survey measures with economic experiments. Two behavioral experiments are presented in which the timing of online security actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision-environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{grossklags2014how, address = {Vienna}, title = {How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/grossklags2014csf.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th {IEEE} {Computer} {Security} {Foundations} {Symposium}}, author = {Grossklags, Jens and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {111--122} }
    RIS
  12. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2012). Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance. In Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 242–248).
    AAAI
    AAAI
    Abstract
    Two information decay methods are examined that help multi-agent systems cope with dynamic environments. The agents in this simulation have human-like memory and a mechanism to moderate their communications: they forget internally stored information via temporal decay‚ and they forget distributed information by filtering it as it passes through a communication network. The agents play a foraging game‚ in which performance depends on communicating facts and requests and on storing facts in internal memory. Parameters of the game and agent models are tuned to human data. Agent groups with moderated communication in small-world networks achieve optimal performance for typical human memory decay values‚ while non-adaptive agents benefit from stronger memory decay. The decay and filtering strategies interact with the properties of the network graph in ways suggestive of an evolutionary co-optimization between the human cognitive system and an external social structure.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2012social, title = {Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012socialcognition.pdf}, booktitle = {Twenty-{Sixth} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2012}, pages = {242--248} }
    RIS
  13. Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2007). Predicting success in dialogue. In Proc. 45th Annual Meeting of the Association of Computational Linguistics (pp. 808–815). Prague, Czech Republic.
    ACL
    ACL
    Abstract
    Task-solving in dialogue depends on the linguistic alignment of the interlocutors‚ which Pickering & Garrod (2004) have suggested to be based on mechanistic repetition effects. In this paper‚ we seek confirmation of this hypothesis by looking at repetition in corpora‚ and whether repetition is correlated with task success. We show that the relevant repetition tendency is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming and demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition is a reliable predictor of task success given the first five minutes of a task-oriented dialogue.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2007predicting, address = {Prague, Czech Republic}, title = {Predicting success in dialogue}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2007predicting_task_success.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 45th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} of {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2007}, pages = {808--815} }
    RIS
  14. Reitter, D., Hockenmaier, J., & Keller, F. (2006). Priming effects in combinatory categorial grammar. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (pp. 308–316). Sydney, Australia.
    EMNLP
    EMNLP
    Abstract
    This paper presents a corpus-based account of structural priming in human sentence processing‚ focusing on the role that syntactic representations play in such an account. We estimate the strength of structural priming effects from a corpus of spontaneous spoken dialogue‚ annotated syntactically with Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) derivations. This methodology allows us to test a range of predictions that CCG makes about priming. In particular‚ we present evidence for priming between lexical and syntactic categories encoding partially satisfied subcategorization frames‚ and we show that priming effects exist both for incremental and normal-form CCG derivations.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2006priming, address = {Sydney, Australia}, title = {Priming effects in combinatory categorial grammar}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006ccg.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} on {Empirical} {Methods} in {Natural} {Language} {Processing}}, author = {Reitter, David and Hockenmaier, Julia and Keller, Frank}, year = {2006}, pages = {308--316} }
    RIS
  15. Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Moore, J. D. (2006). Computational modeling of structural priming in dialogue. In Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp. 121–124). New York, NY.
    HLT-NAACL
    HLT-NAACL
    Abstract
    Syntactic priming effects‚ modeled as increase in repetition probability shortly after a use of a syntactic rule‚ have the potential to improve language processing components. We model priming of syntactic rules in annotated corpora of spoken dialogue‚ extending previous work that was confined to selected constructions. We find that speakers are more receptive to priming from their interlocutor in task-oriented dialogue than in sponaneous conversation. Low-frequency rules are more likely to show priming.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2006computational, address = {New York, NY}, title = {Computational modeling of structural priming in dialogue}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006computational.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Language} {Technology} {Conference}/{North} {American} {Chapter} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2006}, pages = {121--124} }
    RIS
  16. Hachey, B., Murray, G., & Reitter, D. (2005). The Embra system at DUC 2005: Query-oriented multi-document summarization with a very large latent semantic space. In Document Understanding Conference 2005. Vancouver, Canada: 6 pages.
    DUC
    DUC
    Abstract
    We present the Embra system‚ a first-time entry to DUC for 2005 which performed at or above median for the manual assessment of responsiveness and on 4 out of 5 linguistic quality questions. The system takes a novel approach to relevance and redundancy‚ modeling sentence similarity using a latent semantic space constructed over a very large corpus. We present a simple approach to modeling specificity based on named entities which shows a small improvement over baseline. Finally‚ we discuss coherence and present a sentence reordering algorithm with a component-level evaluation demonstrating a positive effect.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{hachey2005embra, address = {Vancouver, Canada}, title = {The {Embra} system at {DUC} 2005: {Query}-oriented multi-document summarization with a very large latent semantic space}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/hachey2005embra.pdf}, booktitle = {Document {Understanding} {Conference} 2005}, publisher = {6 pages}, author = {Hachey, Ben and Murray, Gabriel and Reitter, David}, year = {2005} }
    RIS
  17. Reitter, D., Panttaja, E., & Cummins, F. (2004). UI on the fly: generating a multimodal user interface. In Proceedings of Human Language Technology Conference 2004 / North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (pp. 45–48). Boston, MA.
    HLT-NAACL
    HLT-NAACL
    Abstract
    UI on the Fly is a system that dynamically presents coordinated multimodal content through natural language and a small-screen graphical user interface. It adapts to the user’s preferences and situation. Multimodal Functional Unification Grammar (MUG) is a unification-based formalism that uses rules to generate content that is coordinated across several communication modes. Faithful variants are scored with a heuristic function.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2004ui, address = {Boston, MA}, title = {{UI} on the fly: generating a multimodal user interface}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter-etal_uifly_2004.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {Human} {Language} {Technology} {Conference} 2004 / {North} {American} chapter of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Reitter, David and Panttaja, Erin and Cummins, Fred}, year = {2004}, pages = {45--48} }
    RIS

Conference and Workshop Papers

  1. Kelly, M. A., Reitter, D., & West, R. L. (2017). Degrees of Separation in Semantic and Syntactic Relationships. In Proc 15th. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Warwick, UK.
    ICCM
    ICCM
    Abstract
    Computational models of distributional semantics can analyze a corpus to derive representations of word meanings in terms of each word’s relationship to all other words in the corpus. While these models are sensitive to topic (e.g.‚ tiger and stripes) and synonymy (e.g.‚ soar and fly)‚ the models have limited sensitivity to part of speech (e.g.‚ book and shirt are both nouns). By augmenting a holographic model of semantic memory with additional levels of representations‚ we present evidence that sensitivity to syntax is supported by exploiting associations between words at varying degrees of separation. We find that sensitivity to associations at three degrees of separation reinforces the relationships between words that share part-of-speech and improves the ability of the model to construct grammatical sentences. Our model provides evidence that semantics and syntax exist on a continuum and emerge from a unitary cognitive system.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{kelly2017degrees, address = {Warwick, UK}, title = {Degrees of {Separation} in {Semantic} and {Syntactic} {Relationships}}, booktitle = {Proc 15th. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Kelly, Matthew A. and Reitter, David and West, Robert L.}, year = {2017} }
    RIS
  2. Cole, J., Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2017). Linking Memory Activation and Word Adoption in Social Language Use via Rational Analysis. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK.
    ICCM
    ICCM
    Abstract
    This paper investigates how cognition facilitates the adoption of new words through a study of the large-scale Reddit corpus‚ which contains written‚ threaded conversations conducted over the internet. Parameters for the cognitive architecture are estimated. Using ACT-R’s account of declarative memory‚ the activation of memory chunks representing words is traced and compared to usage statistics sampled from a year of data. Potential values for decay and retrieval threshold are identified according to model fit and growth rates of word adoption. The resulting estimate for the decay parameter‚ d‚ is 0.22‚ and the estimate for the retrieval threshold parameter‚ rt‚ lies between 3.4 and 4.5.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{cole2017linking, address = {London, UK}, title = {Linking {Memory} {Activation} and {Word} {Adoption} in {Social} {Language} {Use} via {Rational} {Analysis}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
    RIS
  3. Cole, J., & Reitter, D. (2017). Examining Working Memory during Sentence Construction with an ACT-R Model of Grammatical Encoding. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK.
    ICCM
    ICCM
    Abstract
    We examine working memory use and incrementality using a cognitive model of grammatical encoding. Our model com- bines an empirically validated framework‚ ACT-R‚ with a lin- guistic theory‚ Combinatory Categorial Grammar‚ to target that phase of language production. By building the model with the Switchboard corpus‚ it can attempt to realize a larger set of sentences. With this methodology‚ different strategies may be compared according to the similarity of the model’s sentences to the test sentences. In this way‚ the model can still be evalu- ated by its fit to human data‚ without overfitting to individual experiments. The results show that while having more work- ing memory available improves performance‚ using less work- ing memory during realization is correlated with a closer fit‚ even after controlling for sentence complexity. Further‚ sen- tences realized with a more incremental strategy are also more similar to the corpus sentences as measured by edit distance. As high incrementality is correlated with low working mem- ory usage‚ this study offers a possible mechanism by which incrementality can be explained.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{cole2017examining, address = {London, UK}, title = {Examining {Working} {Memory} during {Sentence} {Construction} with an {ACT}-{R} {Model} of {Grammatical} {Encoding}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
    RIS
  4. Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2016). Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women’s timing decisions. In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science (pp. 1223–1228). Philadelphia, PA: Cognitive Science Society.
    CogSci
    CogSci
    Abstract
    Decisions over the timing of actions are critical in several safety‚ security and healthcare scenarios. These decisions‚ sim- ilar to discrete decisions‚ can be influenced by biases and individual traits. In this paper‚ a bias of impatience is studied in an experiment with 626 participants‚ with a focus on gender differences. Impatience was moderated with a manipula- tion of a variable-speed countdown. Men and women differed in how they expressed impatience. While men systematically and irrationally act earlier when become impatient following the slower countdowns‚ women react by irrationally requesting earlier information about the outcome of each trial‚ and impulsively pressing an inactive key.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{ghafurian2016gender, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016cogsci.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1223--1228} }
    RIS
  5. Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2015). An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (pp. 58–67). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics.
    CMCL
    CMCL
    Abstract
    Linguistic alignment has emerged as an important property of conversational language and a driver of mutual understanding in dialogue. While various computational measures of linguistic alignment in corpus and experimental data have been devised‚ a systematic evaluation of them is missing. In this study‚ we first evaluate the sensitivity and distributional properties of three measures‚ indiscriminate local linguistic alignment (LLA)‚ Spearman’s correlation coefficient (SCC)‚ and repetition decay (RepDecay). Then we apply them in a study of interactive alignment and individual differences to see how well they conform to the Interactive Alignment Model (IAM)‚ and how well they can reveal the individual differences in alignment propensity. Our results suggest that LLA has the overall best performance.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{xu2015evaluation, address = {Denver, CO}, title = {An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2015evaluation-alignment.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2015}, pages = {58--67} }
    RIS
  6. Wang, Y., Yen, J., & Reitter, D. (2015). Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (pp. 9–18). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics.
    CMCL
    CMCL
    Abstract
    Linguistic alignment‚ such as lexical and syntactic alignment‚ is a universal phenomenon influencing dialogue participants in online conversations. Besides linguistic alignment‚ social support‚ such as emotional support and informational support‚ also provides important benefits to their members. More recently‚ identifying and analyzing social support facilitated insights in the construction of support oriented communities. In this paper‚ we study whether members show pragmatic alignment on social support. While adaptation can occur at lexical‚ syntactic and pragmatic levels‚ relationships between alignments at multiple levels are neither theoretically nor empirically well understood. Our results indicate pragmatic alignment of forum members along the axis of support type. We also find that lexical alignment is correlated with emotional support‚ and that the amount of lexical alignment is also correlated with the amount of pragmatic alignment. This finding can contribute to improving our understanding about the linguistic signature of different types of support‚ and enhancing theoretical model of the Interactive Alignment Model in a multi-party peer support conversation context.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{wang2015pragmatic, address = {Denver, CO}, title = {Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2015pragmatic-alignment.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Yen, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2015}, pages = {9--18} }
    RIS
  7. Reitter, D., Xu, Y., Craven, P., Sándor, A., Garrett, R. C., Cross, E. V., & Franke, J. L. (2015). Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators. In Proc. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (p. Poster Abstract). Groningen, Netherlands.
    ICCM
    ICCM
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2015cognitive, address = {Groningen, Netherlands}, title = {Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/surprisal2015iccm.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Xu, Yang and Craven, Patrick and Sándor, Anikó and Garrett, R. Chris and Cross, E. Vince and Franke, Jerry L.}, year = {2015}, pages = {Poster Abstract} }
    RIS
  8. Wang, Y., Reitter, D., & Yen, J. (2014). Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities. In Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (at ACL) (pp. 55–62). Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
    CMCL
    CMCL
    Abstract
    Previous studies of alignment have focused on two-party conversations. We study multi-party conversation in online health communities‚ which have shown benefits for their members from forum conversations. So far‚ our understanding of the relationship between alignment in such multi-party conversations and its possible connection to member benefits has been limited. This paper quantifies linguistic alignment in the oldest and the largest cancer online forum. Alignment at lexical and syntactic levels‚ as well as decay of alignment was observed in forum threads‚ although the decay was slower than commonly found in psycholinguistic studies. The different pattern of adaptation to the initial post on a thread suggests that specific roles in the online forum (e.g.‚ seeking support from the community) can potentially be revealed through alignment theory and its extensions.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{wang2014linguistic, address = {Baltimore, Maryland, USA}, title = {Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/yafei2014cmcl.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} (at {ACL})}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2014}, pages = {55--62} }
    RIS
  9. Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2014). Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games. In Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 2841–2846). Quebec, Canada.
    CogSci
    CogSci
    Abstract
    Games of timing reflect dynamic decision-making under uncertainty‚ as it takes place in many real-world situations‚ including health care‚ safety and security. Rather than making discrete decisions‚ participants choose one or more points in time that determine the outcome. We study individual’s biases and characteristics in such games of timing. We examine risk propensity as a personal preference affecting timing decisions and document a bias‚ impatience. Experiment 1 analyzes people’s strategy in timing games in relation to a rational model. Contrasting two cognitive models suggests that individuals apply risk propensity to the probability distributions underlying short games and when unfamiliar with the situation‚ but that‚ over time‚ impatience takes over as a linear adjustment. In Experiment 2‚ impatient participants risk their incentive payment in order to play early‚ even if they receive no advantage from doing so.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{ghafurian2014impatience, address = {Quebec, Canada}, title = {Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/moojan2014impatience.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {2841--2846} }
    RIS
  10. Reitter, D., Grossklags, J., & Nochenson, A. (2013). Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing. In R. West & T. Stewart (Eds.), Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 397–403). Ottawa, Canada.
    ICCM
    ICCM
    Abstract
    Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player‚ 20-second FlipIt game‚ in which a player has to react to an estimated‚ externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represented once as time interval‚ and once as distance in time and space. Risk-taking propensity is an individual parameter obtained via a standardized survey instrument. We find that risk propensity affects participants’ decisions in early and late rounds of the game and show that risk-seeking individuals fail to play well initially in the difficult‚ time-interval estimation task‚ but that they can be trained to make rational choices. Participants’ biases are gaussian-distributed. They do not reflect the distribution of payoffs or expected utility. We present an ACT-R model using established error distributions for temporal and visual perception and instance-based learning.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2013risk-seeking, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013risk.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 12th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens and Nochenson, Alan}, editor = {West, R. and Stewart, T.}, year = {2013}, pages = {397--403} }
    RIS
  11. Reitter, D., & Scerri, P. (2013). Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems. In Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 3269–3274). Berlin, Germany: Cognitive Science Society.
    CogSci
    CogSci
    Abstract
    In a congestion game‚ individuals exhaust a common resource out of selfish behavior. In this scenario‚ drivers create traffic jams by choosing the shortest route according to their individual knowledge. They can avoid them by communicating their belief states about the traffic situation in real-time through a peer-to-peer network‚ assuming unlimited bandwidth. We study two potential‚ cognitively inspired models of human behavior: 1) categorization (quantized memorization and communication)‚ which dampens communication and belief adoption‚ but leads to undesired oscillations and lower performance. 2) Instance-based blending with memory decay‚ which achieves good dynamics and near-optimal performance without the same bandwidth needs. We argue that this supports our hypothesis of co-adaptation of cognitive function and communicating communities.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2013smooth, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013smooth.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2013}, pages = {3269--3274} }
    RIS
  12. Scerri, P., & Reitter, D. (2013). Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game. In Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{scerri2013cognitive, title = {Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/scerri2013informationsharing.pdf}, booktitle = {Workshop on {Information} {Sharing} in {Large} {Scale} {Multi}-{Agent} {Systems}, at {AAMAS} 2013}, author = {Scerri, Paul and Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
    RIS
  13. Reitter, D. (2012). Lexical language evolution in networked human groups. In Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks. Chicago, IL.
    WON
    WON
    Abstract
    The development and refinement of natural-language communication systems among networked individuals is not well understood and difficult to study. This paper uses a task providing a controlled environment for the goal-oriented‚ collaborative exchange of short‚ natural-language messages between experimental participants (20 per group) in order to demonstrate lexical convergence. A technique for illustrating convergence based on graph layout by multidimensional scaling is described. While reliable convergence is shown‚ it is limited to the collaborative or communicative situation: participants did not adopt group terms in a separately administered post-test questionnaire.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2012lexical, address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Lexical language evolution in networked human groups}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012lexical.pdf}, booktitle = {Words and {Networks}: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks}}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
    RIS
  14. Schaffer, S., & Reitter, D. (2012). Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces. In N. Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, & H. van Rijn (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 253–254). Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin.
    ICCM
    ICCM
    Abstract
    In multimodal human computer interaction users can often select between specific input modalities. Modality choice is influenced by various factors including user attributes‚ system attributes‚ the task and the environment (e.g. Lemmelä et al.‚ 2008). Here‚ we describe on-going research into cognitive models of input modality selection.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{schaffer2012modeling, address = {Berlin}, title = {Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Schaffer, Stefan and Reitter, David}, editor = {Russwinkel, Nele and Drewitz, U. and Rijn, H. van}, year = {2012}, pages = {253--254} }
    RIS
  15. Reitter, D., Sycara, K., Lebiere, C., Vinokurov, Y., Juarez, A., & Lewis, M. (2011). How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks. In Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (pp. 138–145). Sundance, UT.
    BRiMS
    BRiMS
    Abstract
    In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ we study the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of teams and of individuals in different positions within a network. This design provides an experimental model of human communities‚ where information may spread from peer to peer by word of mouth. With this model‚ we explain the realistic tradeoff between liberal information dumping and targeted information sharing by human peers. Human subjects exchanged natural-language messages with relevance to a task‚ thereby sharing knowledge across a community. Communication took place along the edges of a small-world graph. Cooperation and individual efforts were incentivized. In one condition‚ participants were asked to request specific information and only supply information that they knew was needed. In another condition‚ they were asked to supply and forward as much information as possible. We found that a targeted communication policy was successfully implemented by the participants‚ increased task success‚ shortened the time it took to get answers to questions‚ increased efficiency (task success per communication bandwidth)‚ and may have done so selectively for nodes with fewer connections.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2011how, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011policies.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Reitter, David and Sycara, Katia and Lebiere, Christian and Vinokurov, Yury and Juarez, Antonio and Lewis, Michael}, year = {2011}, pages = {138--145} }
    RIS
  16. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 734–739). Boston, MA: Cognitive Science Society.
    CogSci
    CogSci
    Abstract
    In social tasks‚ communication and task execution are often co-dependent‚ yet they represent a tradeoff. We present a cognitive model of an experimental task consisting of a collaborative and competitive game played by groups of human participants organized in a smallworld graph. In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of networked participants was observed. The model follows the ACT-R theory and provides a formalization of the decision-making processes and tradeoffs involved. A simulation of the hypothetical case of unnatural memory decay shows decreased performance and supports a prediction of the thesis that memory limitations have co-evolved with social structure.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2011towards, address = {Boston, MA}, title = {Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter-lebiere2011group-intelligence.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {734--739} }
    RIS
  17. Gonzalez, C., Lebiere, C., Juvina, I., Erev, I., Zinkevich, M., & Reitter, D. (2011). Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks. In Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS). Provo, UT.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{gonzalez2011scaling, address = {Provo, UT}, title = {Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Juvina, Ion and Erev, Ido and Zinkevich, Martin and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
    RIS
  18. Reitter, D., Juvina, I., Stocco, A., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Resistance is futile: winning lemonade market share through metacognitive reasoning in a three-agent cooperative game. In Proceedings of the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Charleston, SC.
    BRiMS
    BRiMS
    Abstract
    The Lemonade Game is a three-player game in which players have to pick locations on a circular board‚ which are as far away as possible from those chosen independently by other players. Players may observe other player’s moves and infer their strategies. The game was studied using a competition of cognitively motivated agents‚ which inherit properties of adaptivity and stochasticity from human memory and decision-making‚ and simplistic‚ yet effective agents implementing fixed strategies. We argue that metacognition is the unique attribute that allows sophisticated agents to adapt to unforeseen conditions‚ cooperators and competitors.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2010resistance, address = {Charleston, SC}, title = {Resistance is futile: winning lemonade market share through metacognitive reasoning in a three-agent cooperative game}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010lemonade.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion and Stocco, Andrea and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2010} }
    RIS
  19. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Did social networks shape language evolution? A multi-agent cognitive simulation. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics Workshop (pp. 9–17). Uppsala, Sweden: Association for Computational Linguistics.
    CMCL
    CMCL
    Abstract
    Natural language as well as other commu- nication forms are constrained by cognitive function and evolved through a social process. Here‚ we examine whether hu- man memory may be uniquely adapted to the social structures prevalent in groups‚ specifically small-world networks. The emergence of domain languages is simulated using an empirically evaluated ACT-R-based cognitive model of agents in a naming game played within communities. Several community structures are examined (grids‚ trees‚ random graphs and small-world networks). We present pre- liminary results from small-scale simulations‚ showing relative robustness of cognitive models to network structure.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2010did, address = {Uppsala, Sweden}, title = {Did social networks shape language evolution? {A} multi-agent cognitive simulation}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010networks.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} {Workshop}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2010}, pages = {9--17} }
    RIS
  20. Warwick, W., Dutt, V., Gluck, K. A., & Reitter, D. (2010). Results and lessons learned from the 2009 DSF model comparison challenge. In Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Charleston, SC.
    BRiMS
    BRiMS
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{warwick2010results, address = {Charleston, SC}, title = {Results and lessons learned from the 2009 {DSF} model comparison challenge}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2010symposium.pdf}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 19th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Warwick, Walter and Dutt, Varun and Gluck, Kevin A. and Reitter, David}, year = {2010} }
    RIS
  21. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). Accountable Modeling in ACT-UP, a Scalable, Rapid-Prototyping ACT-R Implementation. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 199–204). Philadelphia, PA.
    ICCM
    ICCM
    Abstract
    ACT-UP is a toolbox implementation of the ACT-R cognitive architecture‚ aimed at allowing rapid prototyping of complex models. With ACT-UP‚ we propose Accountable Modeling‚ where the only model components that are specified are those supported by empirical evidence and part of the model’s theoretical claims. ACT-UP is a library providing a programmatic interface to the classical ACT-R functionality. Implemented in a functional programming paradigm‚ models are reusable in other contexts. The toolbox is demonstrated using five implemented and evaluated cognitive models.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2010accountable, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Accountable {Modeling} in {ACT}-{UP}, a {Scalable}, {Rapid}-{Prototyping} {ACT}-{R} {Implementation}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2010act-up.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 10th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2010}, pages = {199--204} }
    RIS
  22. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2010). On the influence of network structure on language evolution. In R. Sun (Ed.), Proc. CogSci Workshop on Cognitive Social Sciences: Grounding the Social Sciences in the Cognitive Sciences. Portland, OR.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2010influence, address = {Portland, OR}, title = {On the influence of network structure on language evolution}, booktitle = {Proc. {CogSci} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Social} {Sciences}: {Grounding} the {Social} {Sciences} in the {Cognitive} {Sciences}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, editor = {Sun, Ron}, year = {2010} }
    RIS
  23. Lebiere, C., Stocco, A., Reitter, D., & Juvina, I. (2010). Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications. In Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application (pp. 1–20). Amsterdam, NL.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{lebiere2010scaling, address = {Amsterdam, NL}, title = {Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {NATO} {Workshop} on {Human} {Modeling} for {Military} {Application}}, author = {Lebiere, Christian and Stocco, Andrea and Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion}, year = {2010}, pages = {1--20} }
    RIS
  24. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2009). Towards explaining the evolution of domain languages with cognitive simulation. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Manchester, UK: 8 pages.
    ICCM
    ICCM
    Abstract
    We simulate the evolution of a domain language in small speaker communities. Data from experiments (Garrod et al.‚ 2007; Fay et al.‚ 2008) show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language even in the absence of feedback about the success of each communication. We postulate that simulations of such horizontal evolution have to take into account properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). We implement a model that can draw abstract concepts through sets of non-abstract‚ related concepts‚ and recognize such drawings. The knowledge base is a network with association strengths randomly sampled from a natural distribution found in a text corpus; it is a mixture of knowledge shared between agents and individual knowledge. In three experiments‚ we show that the agent communities converge‚ but that initial convergence is stronger when communities are structured so that the same pairs of agents interact throughout. Convergence is weaker in communities when agents do not swap roles (between recognizing and drawing)‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication in domain language evolution. Average and ultimate recognition performance depends on how much of the knowledge agents share initially.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2009towards, address = {Manchester, UK}, title = {Towards explaining the evolution of domain languages with cognitive simulation}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2009evolution.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 9th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {8 pages}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2009} }
    RIS
  25. Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2009). A subsymbolic and visual model of spatial path planning. In Proc. 18th Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference. Sundance, UT: 8 pages.
    Best paper award BRIMS 2009
    BRiMS
    BRiMS
    Abstract
    Planning a path to a destination‚ given a number of options and obstacles‚ is a common task. We suggest a two-component cognitive model that combines retrieval of knowledge about the environment with search guided by visual perception. In the first component‚ subsymbolic information‚ acquired during navigation‚ aids in the retrieval of declarative information representing possible paths to take. In the second component‚ visual information directs the search‚ which in turn creates knowledge for the first component. The model is implemented using the ACT-R cognitive architecture and makes realistic assumptions about memory access and shifts in visual attention. We present simulation results for memory-based high-level navigation in grid and tree structures‚ and visual navigation in mazes‚ varying relevant cognitive (retrieval noise‚ visual finsts) and environmental (maze and path size) parameters.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2009subsymbolic, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {A subsymbolic and visual model of spatial path planning}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2009pathplanning.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 18th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation} {Conference}}, publisher = {8 pages}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2009}, note = {Best paper award BRIMS 2009} }
    RIS
  26. Reitter, D., Lebiere, C., Lewis, M., Wang, H., & Ma, Z. (2009). A cognitive model of visual path planning in a multi-robot control system. In Proceedings Systems Man Cybernetics 2009. San Antonio, TX: 7 pages.
    IEEE-SMC
    IEEE-SMC
    Abstract
    We discuss an experiment involving visual path planning for multiple‚ remote robots in a partially visible building‚ with a partial 2D map available. Participants in the experiment defined waypoints for each robot to circumnavigate obstacles and explore the building. A cognitively plausible model of visual planning is evaluated using a normalized metric of the fit between model and subject itineraries. We discuss variation in the data and model fit‚ indicating individual differences in strategies to cope with task demands.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2009cognitive, address = {San Antonio, TX}, title = {A cognitive model of visual path planning in a multi-robot control system}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/Reitter2009robot-path.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings {Systems} {Man} {Cybernetics} 2009}, publisher = {7 pages}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian and Lewis, Michael and Wang, Huadong and Ma, Zheng}, year = {2009} }
    RIS
  27. Reitter, D., & Keller, F. (2007). Against sequence priming: evidence from constituents and distituents in corpus data. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1421–1426). Nashville, TN: Cognitive Science Society.
    CogSci
    CogSci
    Abstract
    Structural priming‚ i.e.‚ the tendency to repeat linguistic material‚ can be explained by two alternative representational assumptions: either as the repetition of hierarchical representations generated by syntactic rules‚ or as the repetition of lexical sequences. We present two studies that test these explanations by investigating priming effects in a dialogue corpus. We compare syntactic constituents with distituents‚ i.e.‚ part-of-speech pairs that cross constituent boundaries. We find a reliable short-term priming effect for constituents‚ but no priming for distituents. This result supports the rule-based view of priming‚ which does not predict priming of distituents. The data are incompatible with a sequence priming analysis‚ which cannot distinguish between constituents and distituents. In a second corpus study‚ we study long-term priming and find priming effects for both constituents and distituents. This indicates that the mechanism underlying long-term adaptation differs substantially from short-term priming.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2007against, address = {Nashville, TN}, title = {Against sequence priming: evidence from constituents and distituents in corpus data}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2007sequence_priming.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank}, year = {2007}, pages = {1421--1426} }
    RIS
  28. Dzikovska, M. O., Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Zinn, C. (2006). Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus. In C. Callaway (Ed.), Proceedings of the ECAI Workshop on Language-Enhanced Educational Technology (pp. 22–28). Riva del Garda, Italy.
    Abstract
    We describe results from analyzing a corpus of human-human tutorial dialogue‚ which are aimed at identifying‚ formalizing and automating natural tutoring in the domain of calculus‚ in particular symbolic differentiation. We analyzed a corpus of human-human tutoring dialogues‚ focusing on three areas important to system development: interleaved symbolic and natural language‚ domain modeling‚ and tutorial dialogue strategies. We provide empirical verification of previous results on interleaving natural and symbolic language‚ and show that the properties of interleaving are highly dependent on the input modality. We describe a task model for our domain‚ and provide corpus data to show that the model must cover basic algebra skills as well‚ which are involved in differentiation. We verify the applicability of an existing annotation scheme for tutoring algebra in our domain‚ and propose that it be extended to cover student initiative.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{dzikovska2006data-driven, address = {Riva del Garda, Italy}, title = {Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dzikovska2006lam.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ECAI} {Workshop} on {Language}-{Enhanced} {Educational} {Technology}}, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Zinn, Claus}, editor = {Callaway, Charles}, year = {2006}, pages = {22--28} }
    RIS
  29. Hachey, B., Murray, G., & Reitter, D. (2006). Dimensionality reduction aids term co-occurrence based multi-document summarization. In Proceedings of the COLING-ACL Workshop Task-Focused Summarization and Question Answering 2006 (pp. 1–7). Sydney, Australia.
    Abstract
    A key task in an extraction system for query-oriented multi-document summarisation‚ necessary for computing relevance and redundancy‚ is modelling text semantics. In the Embra system‚ we use a representation derived from the singular value decomposition of a term co-occurrence matrix. We present methods to show the reliability of performance improvements. We find that Embra performs better with dimensionality reduction.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{hachey2006dimensionality, address = {Sydney, Australia}, title = {Dimensionality reduction aids term co-occurrence based multi-document summarization}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/hachey2006dimensionality.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {COLING}-{ACL} {Workshop} {Task}-{Focused} {Summarization} and {Question} {Answering} 2006}, author = {Hachey, Ben and Murray, Gabriel and Reitter, David}, year = {2006}, pages = {1--7} }
    RIS
  30. Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Keller, F. (2006). Priming of syntactic rules in task-oriented dialogue and spontaneous conversation. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 685–690). Vancouver, Canada: Cognitive Science Society.
    CogSci
    CogSci
    Abstract
    Previous work provided corpus evidence for structural priming for specific syntactic constructions. The present paper extends these results by investigating priming effects involving arbitrary syntactic rules in spoken dialogue corpora. We demonstrate the existence of within- and between-speaker priming in both spontaneous conversation (the Switchboard corpus) and task-oriented dialogue (the Map Task corpus). We also find that between-speaker priming is stronger in the Map Task corpus. This supports the hypothesis that in task-oriented dialog‚ low-level priming is linked to higher-level alignment of situation models.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2006priming, address = {Vancouver, Canada}, title = {Priming of syntactic rules in task-oriented dialogue and spontaneous conversation}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2006priming.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Keller, Frank}, year = {2006}, pages = {685--690} }
    RIS
  31. Reitter, D., & Callaway, C. (2006). Methods, requirements and licenses for shared nlg resources. In Open Mic Session, Fourth International Natural Language Generation Conference.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2006methods, title = {Methods, requirements and licenses for shared nlg resources}, booktitle = {Open {Mic} {Session}, {Fourth} {International} {Natural} {Language} {Generation} {Conference}}, author = {Reitter, David and Callaway, Charles}, year = {2006} }
    RIS
  32. Dolfing, H., Reitter, D., Almeida, L., Beires, N., Cody, M., Gomes, R., … Zielinski, R. (2005). The FASiL speech and multimodal corpora. In 6th Interspeech 2005 and 9th European Conference on Speech Communication and Technology. Lisbon, Portugal.
    INTER/EUROSPEECH
    Abstract
    In the context of the FASiL project‚ we have studied natural language interactions in a unimodal (speech only) and multimodal (speech and graphics) interface to a personal information management database. We collected multilingual corpora to investigate these interactions in three languages: Portuguese‚ English and Swedish. The corpora are used to train language models‚ to update acoustic models‚ to study semantic concepts‚ multimodal interactions‚ and dialogue management strategies. The corpora are annotated in a uniform way‚ with timings‚ transcriptions‚ and semantics. In this paper‚ we report on the structure and design of the corpora which are now available via ELRA.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{dolfing2005fasil, address = {Lisbon, Portugal}, title = {The {FASiL} speech and multimodal corpora}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dolfing2005fasilcorpora.pdf}, booktitle = {6th {Interspeech} 2005 and 9th {European} {Conference} on {Speech} {Communication} and {Technology}}, author = {Dolfing, Hans and Reitter, David and Almeida, Luis and Beires, Nuno and Cody, Michael and Gomes, Rui and Robinson, Kerry and Zielinski, Roman}, year = {2005} }
    RIS
  33. Panttaja, E., Reitter, D., & Cummins, F. (2004). The evaluation of adaptable multimodal system outputs. In Proceedings of the DUMAS Workshop on Robust and Adaptive Information Processing for Mobile Speech Interfaces (pp. 69–76). Geneva, Switzerland.
    Abstract
    Adaptable multimodal systems are difficult to test. We present a methodology for evaluating parallel multimodal output which is generated in response to a specific set of user‚ device and situation constraints. Our method involves ranking of many potential output variants using a fitness function‚ and selecting well-differentiated variants for user testing. We focus on the generation of multiple variants of graphical user interfaces for small-screen devices and natural language voice output‚ within a system we term UI on the Fly.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{panttaja2004evaluation, address = {Geneva, Switzerland}, title = {The evaluation of adaptable multimodal system outputs}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/panttaja-etal_evaluation_2004.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {DUMAS} {Workshop} on {Robust} and {Adaptive} {Information} {Processing} for {Mobile} {Speech} {Interfaces}}, author = {Panttaja, Erin and Reitter, David and Cummins, Fred}, year = {2004}, pages = {69--76} }
    RIS
  34. Reitter, D. (2004). A development environment for multimodal functional unification generation grammars. In Third International Conference on Natural Language Generation. 2nd Volume; posters. Brockenhurst, U.K.
    INLG
    INLG
    Abstract
    When grammar-based techniques for natural language generation (and analysis alike) find their way into collaborative projects or actual application‚ big grammars tend to become hard to extend and debug. The MUG system represents a new tool set with a graphical debugging environment for functional unification grammars‚ which is designed to help grammar developers inspect the results of their work. The particular formalism supported is Multimodal Functional Unification Grammar (MUG‚ [4])‚ which is similar to Functional Unification Grammars (FUG: [2]‚ [1])‚ but supports several coordinated modes‚ such as voice prompts or structural and/or language-based screen displays. For each input description‚ the grammar can generate a range of coherent realization variants‚ which are ranked by a scoring function in order to optimize the output towards situational and device-related factors.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2004development, address = {Brockenhurst, U.K.}, title = {A development environment for multimodal functional unification generation grammars}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2004inlg.pdf}, booktitle = {Third {International} {Conference} on {Natural} {Language} {Generation}. 2nd {Volume}; posters.}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2004} }
    RIS
  35. Reitter, D., & Stede, M. (2003). Step by step: underspecified markup in incremental rhetorical analysis. In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Linguistically Interpreted Corpora (LINC-03) (at EACL 2003) (pp. 77–84). Budapest, Hungary.
    Abstract
    While quite a few linguistic corpora with syntactic annotations are available today‚ resources are scarce on the level of discourse annotation. A flexible‚ extendible annotation format speeds up development. We therefore propose an XML format for annotating rhetorical structure trees. In human and automatic analysis‚ rhetorical structure is often difficult and assigned incrementally. Thus‚ the format allows for underspecification. The paper discusses the various design decisions involved‚ illustrates the format with an example‚ and sketches some applications.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2003step, address = {Budapest, Hungary}, title = {Step by step: underspecified markup in incremental rhetorical analysis}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter-stede_urml_2003.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th {International} {Workshop} on {Linguistically} {Interpreted} {Corpora} ({LINC}-03) (at {EACL} 2003)}, author = {Reitter, David and Stede, Manfred}, year = {2003}, pages = {77--84} }
    RIS
  36. Reitter, D. (2002). Statistical part-of-speech guessing for German: support vector classifiers versus voting. In Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics. Potsdam, Germany.
    TaCoS
    TaCoS
    Abstract
    I present a statistical-based approach to the part-of-speech guessing problem. I see assigning a part-of-speech‚ such as Adjective or Noun ‚ as a classification problem. My guessing framework‚ which relies on automated learning of a language model‚ is described in detail. The rich feature analysis presented is suitable for linguistic data‚ such as the ones observed in German. I use a large margin classifier learning algorithm to select relevant features and learn appropriate labelling. The system is evaluated using a German corpus.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2002statistical, address = {Potsdam, Germany}, title = {Statistical part-of-speech guessing for {German}: support vector classifiers versus voting}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter_posguessing_2002.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th {Student} {Conference} on {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2002} }
    RIS
  37. Berger, D., Reitter, D., & Stede, M. (2002). XML/XSL in the dictionary: the case of discourse markers. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on NLP and XML (NLPXML-2002), (at COLING 2002). Taipei, Taiwan.
    Abstract
    We describe our ongoing work on an application of XML/XSL technology to a dictionary‚ from whose source representation various views for the human reader as well as for automatic text generation and understanding are derived. Our case study is a dictionary of discourse markers‚ the words (often‚ but not always‚ conjunctions) that signal the presence of a disocurse relation between adjacent spans of text.
    PDF
    BIB
    @inproceedings{berger2002xml/xsl, address = {Taipei, Taiwan}, title = {{XML}/{XSL} in the dictionary: the case of discourse markers}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/bergeretal_xmldiscmarkers_2002.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd {Workshop} on {NLP} and {XML} ({NLPXML}-2002), (at {COLING} 2002)}, author = {Berger, Daniela and Reitter, David and Stede, Manfred}, year = {2002} }
    RIS
  38. Reitter, D., Covaci, S., Oltean, F., Bacanu, C., & Serbanuta, T. (2001). Hybrid natural language processing in a customer-care environment. In Proceedings of the 11th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS). Heidelberg, Germany.
    TaCoS
    TaCoS
    Abstract
    CyMON-NLU can inform‚ chat and gather user information using an advanced natural language understanding engine. It combines statistical morphosyntactic disambiguation methods (trigram tagging)‚ a stemming algorithm and a robust parser for a large semantic grammar implemented in an XML formalism. The scalable CyMON-NLU engine is implemented in C++ and provides interfaces to the agent-based CRM platform CyMON. Further features include automatic language detection and dialog tracking using a semantic network interface. A development kit enables language engineers to easily create semantic grammars for the specific domain.
    BIB
    @inproceedings{reitter2001hybrid, address = {Heidelberg, Germany}, title = {Hybrid natural language processing in a customer-care environment}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {Student} {Conference} on {Computational} {Linguistics} ({TaCoS})}, author = {Reitter, David and Covaci, Stefan and Oltean, Florin and Bacanu, Catalin and Serbanuta, Traian}, year = {2001} }
    RIS

Book Chapters

  1. Reitter, D. (2017). Alignment in Web-based Dialogue: Who Aligns, and how Automatic is it? Studies in Big-Data Computational Psycholinguistics. In M. N. Jones (Ed.), Big Data in Cognitive Science (pp. 246–269). Routledge Psychology Press.
    BIB
    @incollection{reitter2017alignment, series = {Frontiers of {Cognitive} {Psychology}}, title = {Alignment in {Web}-based {Dialogue}: {Who} {Aligns}, and how {Automatic} is it? {Studies} in {Big}-{Data} {Computational} {Psycholinguistics}}, booktitle = {Big {Data} in {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Routledge Psychology Press}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Jones, Michael N.}, year = {2017}, pages = {246--269} }
    RIS
  2. Reitter, D. (2014). Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer’s classroom. In J. M. Carroll (Ed.), Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology (pp. 19–29). Springer.
    Abstract
    The Wolves and Sheep game is an educational‚ multi-agent computer simulation for students of programming classes. Players move about in a two- dimensional landscape‚ aiming to reach targets or catch other players. Students write programs that control individual players in the game. The programs then participate in a tournament. Students practice basic programming and algorithmic thinking‚ object-orientation and the role of interfaces‚ and are even exposed to basic Artificial Intelligence. Gamification helps motivate students and creates positive‚ but challenging learning experiences.
    PDF
    BIB
    @incollection{reitter2014hungry, title = {Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014hungryWolves.pdf}, booktitle = {Innovative {Practices} in {Teaching} {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Carroll, John M.}, year = {2014}, pages = {19--29} }
    RIS

Edited Volumes

  1. Reitter, D., & Ritter, F. E. (2017). Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Memory: Selected Papers From the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Topics in Cognitive Science, 9(1), 48–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12249
    Topics in Cognitive Science
    TopiCS
    Abstract
    Computational models of memory presented in this issue reflect varied empirical data and levels of representation. From mathematical models to neural and cognitive architectures‚ all aim to converge on a unified theory of the mind.
    PDF
    BIB
    @article{reitter2017introduction, title = {Introduction to the {Issue} on {Computational} {Models} of {Memory}: {Selected} {Papers} {From} the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, volume = {9}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2017topicsintroduction.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12249}, number = {1}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2017}, pages = {48--50} }
    RIS
  2. Xu, K. S., Reitter, D., Lee, D., & Osgood, N. (Eds.). (2016). Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016. Switzerland: Springer.
    doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7
    SBP-BRiMS
    link
    BIB
    @book{xu2016social, address = {Switzerland}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}. 9th {International} {Conference}, {SBP}-{BRiMS} 2016}, shorttitle = {{SBP}-{BRiMS}}, url = {https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7}, number = {9708}, publisher = {Springer}, editor = {Xu, Kevin S. and Reitter, David and Lee, Dongwon and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2016}, note = {doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7} }
    RIS
  3. Reitter, D., & Ritter, F. E. (Eds.). (2016). Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Penn State.
    ICCM
    BIB
    @book{reitter2016proceedings, address = {University Park, PA}, title = {Proceedings of {ICCM} 2016: 14th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, shorttitle = {{ICCM}}, publisher = {Penn State}, editor = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2016} }
    RIS
  4. Kennedy, W. G., St. Amant, R., & Reitter, D. (2016). Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to CMOT special issue: BRiMS 2013. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 22(1), 1–3.
    Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
    CMOT
    link
    BIB
    @article{kennedy2016behavior, title = {Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to {CMOT} special issue: {BRiMS} 2013}, volume = {22}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10588-015-9194-9}, number = {1}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Kennedy, William G. and St. Amant, Robert and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1--3} }
    RIS
  5. Reitter, D., Stacy, E. W., & Mezzacappa, E. (Eds.). (2015). Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society.
    BRiMS
    BIB
    @book{reitter2015proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 24th {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W. and Mezzacappa, E.}, year = {2015} }
    RIS
  6. St.Amant, R., Reitter, D., & Stacy, E. W. (Eds.). (2014). Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society.
    BRiMS
    BIB
    @book{st.amant2014proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {St.Amant, Robert and Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W.}, year = {2014} }
    RIS
  7. Hale, J., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2013). Issue on computational models of natural language. Topics in Cognitive Science, 5(3), (11 papers). https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12038
    Topics in Cognitive Science
    TopiCS
    PDF
    BIB
    @article{hale2013issue, title = {Issue on computational models of natural language}, volume = {5}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/topics2013-issue-ToC.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12038}, number = {3}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, editor = {Hale, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2013}, pages = {(11 papers)} }
    RIS
  8. Kennedy, W. G., Reitter, D., & Amant, R. S. (Eds.). (2013). Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ottawa, Canada: BRiMS Society.
    BRiMS
    BIB
    @book{kennedy2013proceedings, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Kennedy, William G. and Reitter, D. and Amant, Robert St}, year = {2013} }
    RIS
  9. Reitter, D., & Levy, R. (Eds.). (2012). Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics.
    CMCL
    PDF
    BIB
    @book{reitter2012proc., address = {Montréal, Quebec, Canada}, title = {Proc. 3rd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W12/W12-17.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Reitter, David and Levy, Roger}, year = {2012} }
    RIS
  10. Diesner, J., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2012). Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012). Chicago, IL: Association for Computing Machinery.
    WON
    BIB
    @book{diesner2012proc., address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Proc. {Words} and {Networks} 2012: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON}2012)}, shorttitle = {{WON}}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, editor = {Diesner, Jana and Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
    RIS
  11. Keller, F., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2011). Proc. 2nd workshop on cognitive modeling and computational linguistics. Portland, OR, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics.
    CMCL
    PDF
    BIB
    @book{keller2011proc., address = {Portland, OR, USA}, title = {Proc. 2nd workshop on cognitive modeling and computational linguistics}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W/W11/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Keller, Frank and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
    RIS
  12. Reitter, D. (Ed.). (2002). Proceedings of the 12th Student Conference on Computational Linguistics (TaCoS). Potsdam, Germany: University of Potsdam.
    TaCoS
    BIB
    @book{reitter2002proceedings, address = {Potsdam, Germany}, title = {Proceedings of the 12th {Student} {Conference} on {Computational} {Linguistics} ({TaCoS})}, shorttitle = {{TaCoS}}, publisher = {University of Potsdam}, editor = {Reitter, David}, year = {2002} }
    RIS

Theses

  1. Reitter, D. (2008). Context effects in language production: models of syntactic priming in dialogue corpora. University of Edinburgh.
    Abstract
    This thesis addresses the cognitive basis of syntactic adaptation‚ which biases speakers to repeat their own syntactic constructions and those of their conversational partners. I address two types of syntactic adaptation: short-term priming and long-term adaptation. I develop two metrics for syntactic adaptation within a speaker and between speakers in dialogue: one for short-term priming effects that decay quickly‚ and one for long-term adaptation over the course of a dialogue. Both methods estimate adaptation in large datasets consisting of transcribed human-human dialogue annotated with syntactic information. Two such corpora in English are used: Switchboard‚ a collection of spontaneous phone conversation‚ and HCRC Map Task‚ a set of task-oriented dialogues in which participants describe routes on a map to each other. I find both priming and long-term adaptation in both corpora‚ confirming well-known experimental results (Bock‚ 1986). I extend prior work by showing that syntactic priming effects not only apply to selected syntactic constructions that are alternative realizations of the same semantics‚ but still hold when a broad variety of syntactic phrase-structure rules are considered. Each rule represents a cognitive decision during syntactic processing. I show that the priming effect for a rule is inversely proportional to its frequency. With this methodology‚ I test predictions of the Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering & Garrod‚ 2004). The IAM claims that linguistic and situation-model agreement between interlocutors in dialogue is the result of a cascade of resource-free‚ mechanistic priming effects on various linguistic levels. I examine task-oriented dialogue in Map Task‚ which provides a measure of task success through the deviance of the communicated routes on the maps. I find that long-term syntactic adaptation predicts communicative success‚ and it does so earlier than lexical adaptation. The result is applied in a machine-learning based model that estimates task success based on the dialogue‚ capturing 14 percent of the variance in Map Task. Short-term syntactic priming differs qualitatively from long-term adaptation‚ as it does not predict task success‚ providing evidence against learning as a single cognitive basis of adaptation effects. I obtain further evidence for the correlation between semantic activity and syntactic priming through a comparison of the Map Task and Switchboard corpora‚ showing that short-term priming is stronger in task-oriented dialogue than in spontaneous conversation. This difference is evident for priming between and within speakers‚ which suggests that priming is a mechanistic rather than strategic effect. I turn to an investigation of the level at which syntactic priming influences language production. I establish that the effect applies to structural syntactic decisions as opposed to all surface sequences of lexical categories. To do so‚ I identify pairs of part-of-speech categories which consistently cross constituent boundaries defined by the phrase-structure analyses of the sentences. I show that such distituents are less sensitive to priming than pairs occurring within constituents. Thus‚ syntactic priming is sensitive to syntactic structure. The notion of constituent structure differs among syntactic models. Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG‚ Steedman‚ 2000) formalizes flexible constituent structure‚ accounting a varying degree of incrementality in syntactic sentence planning. I examine whether priming effects can support the predictions of CCG using the Switchboard corpus‚ which has been annotated with CCG syntax. I confirm the syntactic priming effect for lexical and non-lexical CCG categories‚ which encode partially satisfied subcategorization frames. I then show that both incremental and normal-form constituent structures exhibit priming‚ arguing for language production accounts that support flexible incrementality. The empirical results are reflected in a cognitive model of syntactic realization in language production. The model assumes that language production is subject to the same principles and constraints as any other form of cognition and follows the ACT-R framework (Anderson‚ 2004). Its syntactic process implements my empirical results on priming and is based on CCG. Syntactic planning can take place incrementally and non-incrementally. The model is able to generate simple sentences that vary syntactically‚ similar to the materials used in the experimental priming literature. Syntactic adaptation emerges due to a preferential and sped-up memory retrieval of syntactic categories describing linearization and subcategorization requirements. Long-term adaptation is explained as a form of learning‚ while short-term priming is the result of a combination of learning and spreading activation from semantic and lexical material. Simulations show that the model produces the adaptation effects and their inverse frequency interaction‚ as well as cumulativity of long-term adaptation.
    PDF
    BIB
    @phdthesis{reitter2008context, title = {Context effects in language production: models of syntactic priming in dialogue corpora}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2008phd.pdf}, school = {University of Edinburgh}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2008} }
    RIS
  2. Reitter, D. (2004). Hybrid planning and realization of coherent utterances for multimodal natural language dialogue systems. University College Dublin.
    Abstract
    The output of multimodal human-computer interfaces is what this thesis is concerned with. Rather than hard-coding graphical and spoken representations‚ methods are introduced that plan and realize coherent output‚ appropriate to the situation and the device. The generation system expects a mode- and language-independent representation‚ as it can be supplied by the dialogue management component of a dialogue system. The generator then assembles mode-specific rendering instructions simultaneously for each mode with the aid of a unification-based functional grammar. The approach proposed in this thesis abandons the canonical structure of pipelined planning and realization in natural language generation‚ in favor of hard constraints formulated in a grammar‚ and soft constraints that allow for the gradual adaptivity of the output. The grammar is constructed to ensure the coherence of output in different modalities‚ whose output is generated in a synchronized fashion rather than by separate‚ mode-specific generators. The soft constraints follow some of the Gricean maxims by incorporating two counteracting communicative goals: efficacy and efficiency. A fitness function encoding these goals takes into account situation- and user-specific factors‚ such as distractions in a single mode or the user’s sensory impairments. The function leads to the selection of an appropriate output from the variety of potential outputs generated by the grammar. It is evaluated in a study with human subjects. The thesis presents a unification based‚ hybrid grammar formalism which can combine pre-fabricated phrases and linguistically motivated grammar fragments‚ and an associated algorithm which integrates the formulation of grammars that lead to cross-modally coherent output. Methods are compared to efficiently implement a control strategy‚ combining hard and soft constraints as a constraint optimization problem. The cross-modal coherence implemented by the grammar formalism is motivated by known phenomena‚ such as cross-modal priming‚ or alignment between interlocutors. To optimize discourse coherence‚ central ideas of Centering Theory are implemented using the grammar formalism. Finally‚ novel methods and a ready-to-use implementation are introduced which allow user interface developers to inspect‚ maintain and extend grammars. The formalism and generation implementation is demonstrated with a grammar for a mobile‚ multimodal application‚ the Virtual Personal Assistant.
    PDF
    BIB
    @phdthesis{reitter2004hybrid, title = {Hybrid planning and realization of coherent utterances for multimodal natural language dialogue systems}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2004hybrid-multimodal-generation_compressed.pdf}, school = {University College Dublin}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2004} }
    RIS
  3. Reitter, D. (2003). Rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models. University of Potsdam.
    Best thesis award 2001/2002 at the GLDV'03 spring conference.
    Abstract
    Most text displays an internal coherence structure‚ which can be analyzed as a tree structure of relations that hold between short segments of text. We present a machine-learning governed approach to such an analysis in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory. Our rhetorical analyzer observes a variety of textual properties‚ such as cue phrases‚ part-of-speech information‚ rhetorical context and lexical chaining. A two-stage parsing algorithm uses local and global optimization to find an analysis. Decisions during parsing are driven by an ensemble of support vector classifiers. This training method allows for a non-linear separation of samples with many relevant features. We define a chain of annotation tools that profits from a new underspecified representation of rhetorical structure. Classifiers are trained on a newly introduced German language corpus‚ as well as on a large English one. We present evaluation data for the recognition of rhetorical relations.
    PDF
    BIB
    @phdthesis{reitter2003rhetorical, title = {Rhetorical analysis with rich-feature support vector models}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter_rstsvm-thesis_2003.pdf}, school = {University of Potsdam}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2003}, note = {Best thesis award 2001/2002 at the GLDV'03 spring conference.} }
    RIS

Talks

  1. Ororbia II, A. G., Reitter, D., & Giles, C. L. (2017, March). The Temporal Neural Coding Network: Towards Lifelong Language Learning. Presented at the 11th Annual Machine Learning Symposium, The New York Academy of Sciences.
    Abstract
    We present a novel lifelong neural architecture‚ the Temporal Neural Coding Network (TNCN)‚ and its learning algorithm‚ for uncovering multiple levels of distributed representations for language data streams. The TNCN model adapts its parameters iteratively as new samples are observed without resorting to the popular‚ but expensive back-propagation through time procedure needed to calculate gradients for recurrent neural networks‚ notably requiring no unrolling of internally defined recurrence relations. Furthermore‚ we integrate concepts from variational encoder-decoder models‚ such as those in [1]‚ to easily demonstrate how uncertainty can be characterized in the model’s next step predictions. We discuss how the proposed TNCN works specifically on language-based tasks formulated in the streaming setting‚ compared to various neural models‚ as well as how the TNCN may be easily adapted to other real-time tasks‚ such as video sequence modeling‚ yielding a natural framework for online multi-modal and online semi-supervised learning.
    BIB
    @misc{ororbia_ii_temporal_2017, address = {The New York Academy of Sciences}, title = {The {Temporal} {Neural} {Coding} {Network}: {Towards} {Lifelong} {Language} {Learning}}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Giles, C. Lee}, month = mar, year = {2017} }
    RIS
  2. Reitter, D., Ghafurian, M., & Grossklags, J. (2016). Systematic, Individual and Situational Biases in Timing Decisions. Oral presentation presented at the International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Grenada, Spain.
    (Psychonomics)
    Abstract
    We study personal and general biases in timing decisions‚ which concern practically common continuous decisions about when to act when facing external uncertainty and dynamic risk. In a series of experiments using a two-player game called FlipIt‚ we studied the influence of individual difference variables of Risk Propensity (RP) and Need for Cognition (NfC) and of manipulations that induce impatience. Participants make several timing decisions per round‚ which aim to counteract the hidden actions made by an opponent. The opponent’s actions become visible only after the participant’s choices have been made. Earlier actions are riskier‚ but a rational time point‚ maximizing utility‚ can be defined. Two experiments were run with a total of 450 participants from a general population that were compensated to incentivize maximizing payoff. RP and NfC were obtained with standardized instruments. Participants with RP around the population average benefitted from higher NfC levels (p<0.01). We also found a general impatience bias that advanced timing independent of RP. With increasing task experience‚ models of linear impatience become better predictors of timing bias than risk-dependent ones. In a further experiment with 422 participants‚ impatience was manipulated by showing slow or fast-changing countdowns during a constant delay period. Timing (vs. rational strategy) was retarded or advanced‚ with fast countdowns reducing impatience (p<0.01) and accelerating countdowns yielding closer-to-rational performance even than the control (no delay at all). We conclude that timing decisions are affected by interacting risk and deep-processing preferences as well as situational impatience biases.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2016systematic, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Systematic, {Individual} and {Situational} {Biases} in {Timing} {Decisions}}, author = {Reitter, David and Ghafurian, Moojan and Grossklags, Jens}, year = {2016}, note = {(Psychonomics)} }
    RIS
  3. Cole, J., Reitter, D., & Liu, Y. (2016). Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception. Poster presentation presented at the International Meeting of Psychonomic Society, Grenada, Spain.
    (Psychonomics)
    BIB
    @misc{cole2016symmetry, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {Poster presentation}, title = {Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David and Liu, Yanxi}, year = {2016}, note = {(Psychonomics)} }
    RIS
  4. Liu, Y., Cole, J., & Reitter, D. (2016). Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns using Timed Trials. Oral presentation presented at the Vision Sciences Society Sixteenth Annual Meeting (VSS), Florida.
    VSS
    Abstract
    Most literature on symmetry perception has focused on bilateral reflection symmetry‚ with some suggesting that it is the only type of symmetry humans can perceive (Wilson&Wilkinson‚ Vis. Res. 42(5)‚ 2002). Using image-stimuli generated from mathematically well-defined 17 wallpaper groups (Kohler et al.‚ J. Neurosci.‚ in press) and timed trials‚ we seek to demonstrate that humans can discriminate various symmetries found in 2D wallpaper patterns (Liu‚ et al Found.&Trends in Comp.Graph.&Vis.‚ 2010). Furthermore‚ we examine which features play an essential role in wallpaper pattern perception. The features include: reflection‚ maximum order of rotation‚ glide reflection‚ tile shape and subgroup distance‚ referring to the shortest path between the two wallpaper groups in the group hierarchy. We recruited 106 individuals (Amazon Mechanical Turks) to compare three images (target‚ probe‚ probe) and to choose the probe most similar to the target within five seconds. Each participant performed 272 (=17x16) trials. Participants compare among all possible wallpaper group pairs. Every group comparison except one is distinguishable (p< 0.05); all are likely distinguishable (p< 0.10). After modeling every defining feature of symmetry groups using linear mixed-effects regression (GLMM)‚ we used AIC selection to compare models. Our selected model includs subgroup distance‚ 3-fold rotation‚ 4-fold rotation‚ and the T1 and D1 axes. Even in a model with all other features‚ subgroup distance is a significant additional predictor (p< 0.0001). This distance measure has shown to be a better proxy describing human perceptual processes than individual features. This suggests that the mathematically motivated symmetry group hierarchy may be a valid model of pattern perception.
    BIB
    @misc{liu2016human, address = {Florida}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Human {Visual} {Perception} of the 17 {Wallpaper}-{Group} {Patterns} using {Timed} {Trials}}, author = {Liu, Yanxi and Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
    RIS
  5. Reitter, D., Gonzalez, C., Lebiere, C., & Meyer, J. (2014). Cognitive security. Panel presented at the 13th Annual Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, University Park, PA.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2014cognitive, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Cognitive security}, author = {Reitter, David and Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Meyer, Joachim}, year = {2014} }
    RIS
  6. Anderson, R., Meyer, J., Moore, T., Randazzese, L., & Reitter, D. (Moderator). (2014). Human aspects of cybersecurity. Panel presented at the Department of Homeland Security Workshop on Incentives and Regulation of Cybersecurity, University Park, PA.
    BIB
    @misc{anderson2014human, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Human aspects of cybersecurity}, author = {Anderson, Ross and Meyer, Joachim and Moore, Tyler and Randazzese, Lucien and {Reitter, D. (Moderator)}}, year = {2014} }
    RIS
  7. Reitter, D. (2014). Big-Data insights into cognitive representations of language processing. Invited Talk presented at the The 2nd International Workshop on Advanced Learning Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2014big-data, address = {Taipei, Taiwan}, type = {Invited {Talk}}, title = {Big-{Data} insights into cognitive representations of language processing}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
    RIS
  8. D’Orazio, V., Kenwick, M., Lane, M., Palmer, G., & Reitter, D. (2014). Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data. Talk presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, Toronto, Canada.
    BIB
    @misc{dorazio2014crowdsourcing, address = {Toronto, Canada}, type = {Talk}, title = {Crowdsourcing the {Measurement} of {Observational} {Data}}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
    RIS
  9. Reitter, D. (2013). Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization. Panel presented at the Methods for Communicating the Structure and Content of a Cognitive Model, at:Human Factors and Ergonomics Society International Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA.
    PDF
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2013computational, address = {San Diego, CA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2013hfes.pdf}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
    RIS
  10. Reitter, D., & Scerri, P. (2012). Social multi-agent learning with simple and cognitive agents. Poster presented at the CAOSS 2012: Workshop on Computational and Online Social Science, New York, N.Y.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2012social, address = {New York, N.Y.}, type = {Poster}, title = {Social multi-agent learning with simple and cognitive agents}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2012} }
    RIS
  11. Mason, W., Reitter, D., Coman, A., & Hirst, B. (2011). Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena. Talk presented at the Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, Washington, D.C.
    BIB
    @misc{mason2011cognition, address = {Washington, D.C.}, type = {Talk}, title = {Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena}, author = {Mason, Winter and Reitter, David and Coman, Alin and Hirst, Bill}, year = {2011} }
    RIS
  12. Lebiere, C., & Reitter, D. (2010). ACT-UP: A cognitive modeling toolkit for composition, reuse and integration. Talk presented at the MODSIM World Conference and Expo, Hampton, VA.
    BIB
    @misc{lebiere2010act-up:, address = {Hampton, VA}, type = {Talk}, title = {{ACT}-{UP}: {A} cognitive modeling toolkit for composition, reuse and integration}, author = {Lebiere, Christian and Reitter, David}, year = {2010} }
    RIS
  13. Reitter, D. (2009). Two-level, multi-strategy memory based control. Talk presented at the Dynamic Stocks and Flows Modeling Challenge Symposium (competition winner), International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM), Manchester, UK.
    ICCM
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2009two-level, address = {Manchester, UK}, type = {Talk}, title = {Two-level, multi-strategy memory based control}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2009} }
    RIS
  14. Reitter, D., & Keller, F. (2008). Structural priming in language production as the result of learning and spreading activation in an ACT-R model. Talk presented at the 21st Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, Chapel Hill, NC.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2008structural, address = {Chapel Hill, NC}, type = {Talk}, title = {Structural priming in language production as the result of learning and spreading activation in an {ACT}-{R} model}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank}, year = {2008} }
    RIS
  15. Reitter, D. (2008). The repetition of general lexical material boosts structural priming in language production. Poster presented at the 21st Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, Chapel Hill, NC.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2008repetition, address = {Chapel Hill, NC}, type = {Poster}, title = {The repetition of general lexical material boosts structural priming in language production}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2008} }
    RIS
  16. Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Hockenmaier, J. (2007). Corpus-based evidence against sequence priming. Poster presented at the 20th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, La Jolla, CA.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2007corpus-based, address = {La Jolla, CA}, type = {Poster}, title = {Corpus-based evidence against sequence priming}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Hockenmaier, Julia}, year = {2007} }
    RIS
  17. Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2007). Successful dialogue requires syntactic alignment. Poster presented at the 20th Annual CUNY Conference on Human Sentence Processing, La Jolla, CA.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2007successful, address = {La Jolla, CA}, type = {Poster}, title = {Successful dialogue requires syntactic alignment}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2007} }
    RIS
  18. Reitter, D., Moore, J. D., & Keller, F. (2006). Corpus-based evidence for syntactic priming as rule repetition. Talk presented at the 12th Annual Conference on Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2006corpus-based, address = {Nijmegen, Netherlands}, type = {Talk}, title = {Corpus-based evidence for syntactic priming as rule repetition}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Keller, Frank}, year = {2006} }
    RIS

Computer Programs

  1. Reitter, D. (1996). ClickRun - a utility [Atari ST (TOS) Series].
    Abstract
    Enables quick access to installed software.
    BIB
    @misc{reitter1996clickrun, title = {{ClickRun} - a utility}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {1996} }
    RIS
  2. Reitter, D. (2015). Wolves & Sheep - an edu-simulation. Retrieved from https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep
    Abstract
    This is a multi-agent‚ bio-inspired simulation; it is a competitive game and a tournament written for 5-50 beginner programmers. It is designed as educational tool: Students of an intermediate programming class taught in Java write code that controls a single player in this simulation. Players are pitched against each other; typically 5 at a time. A tournament runs many combinations of players in many adjustable scenarios. The tournament is set up to run regularly on a server‚ taking .jar files provided by students. It uses standard visibility and sandboxing features of Java to provide a basic level of security.
    link
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2015wolves, title = {Wolves \& {Sheep} - an edu-simulation}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
    RIS
  3. Reitter, D. (2014). Zot_bib_web - interactive web bibliographies.
    Abstract
    This tool explores new ways to make bibliographies interactive‚ searchable and discoverable. Zot_bib_web generates HTML bibliographies based on one or more collections in a Zotero repository. These collections can be maintained by groups of people‚ using Zotero’s web interface or their desktop applications.
    link
    BIB
    @misc{reitter_zot_bib_web_2014, title = {Zot\_bib\_web - interactive web bibliographies}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/zotweb/}bib, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
    RIS
  4. Reitter, D. (2010). ACT-UP - a lightweight, scalable, underspecifiable ACT-R implementation.
    Abstract
    ACT-UP is a toolbox implementation of the ACT-R cognitive architecture‚ aimed at allowing rapid prototyping of complex models. With ACT-UP‚ we propose Accountable Modeling‚ where the only model components that are specified are those supported by empirical evidence and part of the model’s theoretical claims. ACT-UP is a library providing a programmatic interface to the classical ACT-R functionality. Implemented in a functional programming paradigm‚ models are reusable in other contexts.
    link
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2010act-up, title = {{ACT}-{UP} - a lightweight, scalable, underspecifiable {ACT}-{R} implementation}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/actup.html}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2010} }
    RIS
  5. Reitter, D. (2005). Aquamacs Emacs - a development and authoring environment.
    Abstract
    Aquamacs is a user-friendly build of the powerful Emacs text editor. Aquamacs integrates with the Mac and offers the same comforts that any application on the Mac provides. Yet‚ it comes with all the ergonomy and extensibility you’ve come to expect from GNU Emacs. It has been authored by David Reitter‚ based on GNU Emacs by Richard Stallman and many others. Aquamacs has been available for about a decade and is used daily by more than twelve thousand academics‚ programmers‚ and authors. It is backed by two strong communities: Aquamacs users‚ and Emacs enthusiasts on all computing platforms (GNU/Linux/Unix‚ Windows‚ Mac).
    link
    BIB
    @misc{reitter2005aquamacs, title = {Aquamacs {Emacs} - a development and authoring environment}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {http://aquamacs.org}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2005} }
    RIS
  6. Reitter, D. (1993–1998). égale - a programmer’s tool [Atari ST (TOS) series].
    Abstract
    This program compared files‚ typically text files or source code. It presented two versions of a file visually in a split screen and marked up differences‚ aided by an algorithm to detect changes.
    link
    BIB
    @misc{reitter1993egale, title = {égale - a programmer's tool}, copyright = {Proprietary}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/software/projects_atari.html}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {1993} }
    RIS
  7. Reitter, D. (1994). Tetric - the game [Atari ST (TOS) Series].
    Abstract
    Implementation of the popular Tetris game‚ with multi-player mode (via MIDI connections) and its own soundtrack.
    link
    BIB
    @misc{reitter1994tetric, title = {Tetric - the game}, copyright = {Proprietary}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/software/projects_atari.html}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {1994} }
    RIS
  8. Reitter, D. (1992). X-Point - a mail client [Atari ST (TOS) Series].
    Abstract
    X-Point was an integrated e-mail and bulletin board message client that connected to StarNet‚ a German network of bulletin board systems (BBS) via modems and the telephone network. These systems were an early computer network popular before the internet became widely available. X-Point included its own text editor‚ message viewer and implementation of the StarNet communication protocol.
    link
    BIB
    @misc{reitter1992x-point, title = {X-{Point} - a mail client}, copyright = {Proprietary}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/software/projects_atari.html}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {1992} }
    RIS
A zot_bib_web bibliography.
================================================ FILE: demo/example3.html ================================================ Bibliography

Bibliography

2017

Fang, Q., Liu, P., Morgan, J. H., Yen, J., Shemanski, D., & Ritter, F. E. (n.d.). A threaded event-based simulation approach to analyzing the intelligence on WMD attacks. Fifth IFIP WG 11.10 Int’l Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{fangnodatethreaded, title = {A threaded event-based simulation approach to analyzing the intelligence on {WMD} attacks}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/fangLYMSR11.pdf}, publisher = {Fifth IFIP WG 11.10 Int'l Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection}, author = {Fang, Q. and Liu, P. and Morgan, J. H. and Yen, J. and Shemanski, D. and Ritter, F. E.} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Kennedy, W. G., & Best, B. J. (n.d.). The best papers from BRIMS 2011: Models of users and teams interacting, 19(3), 283–287.
PDF
BIB
@article{ritternodatebest, title = {The best papers from {BRIMS} 2011: {Models} of users and teams interacting}, volume = {19}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKBip.pdf}, number = {3}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kennedy, W. G. and Best, B. J.}, pages = {283--287} }
RIS
Christou, G., Ritter, F. E., & Jacob, R. J. K. (n.d.). Knowledge-based usability evaluation for reality-based interaction.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{christounodateknowledge-based, title = {Knowledge-based usability evaluation for reality-based interaction}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJ09.pdf}, author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Wood, A., & Fox, D. (n.d.). Dismal, a spreadsheet for GNU Emacs. Available from the Elisp library at the GNU server.
link
BIB
@book{ritternodatedismal, address = {Available from the Elisp library at the GNU server}, title = {Dismal, a spreadsheet for {GNU} {Emacs}.}, url = {http://www.gnu.org/software/dismal/}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. and Fox, D.} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2017). Alignment in Web-based Dialogue: Who Aligns, and how Automatic is it? Studies in Big-Data Computational Psycholinguistics. In M. N. Jones (Ed.), Big Data in Cognitive Science. Routledge Psychology Press.
BIB
@incollection{reitter2017alignment, series = {Frontiers of {Cognitive} {Psychology}}, title = {Alignment in {Web}-based {Dialogue}: {Who} {Aligns}, and how {Automatic} is it? {Studies} in {Big}-{Data} {Computational} {Psycholinguistics}}, booktitle = {Big {Data} in {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Routledge Psychology Press}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Jones, Michael N.}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Kelly, M. A., Reitter, D., & West, R. L. (2017). Degrees of Separation in Semantic and Syntactic Relationships. In Proc 15th. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Warwick, UK.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
Computational models of distributional semantics can analyze a corpus to derive representations of word meanings in terms of each word’s relationship to all other words in the corpus. While these models are sensitive to topic (e.g.‚ tiger and stripes) and synonymy (e.g.‚ soar and fly)‚ the models have limited sensitivity to part of speech (e.g.‚ book and shirt are both nouns). By augmenting a holographic model of semantic memory with additional levels of representations‚ we present evidence that sensitivity to syntax is supported by exploiting associations between words at varying degrees of separation. We find that sensitivity to associations at three degrees of separation reinforces the relationships between words that share part-of-speech and improves the ability of the model to construct grammatical sentences. Our model provides evidence that semantics and syntax exist on a continuum and emerge from a unitary cognitive system.
BIB
@inproceedings{kelly2017degrees, address = {Warwick, UK}, title = {Degrees of {Separation} in {Semantic} and {Syntactic} {Relationships}}, booktitle = {Proc 15th. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Kelly, Matthew A. and Reitter, David and West, Robert L.}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Wang, Y., Reitter, D., & Yen, J. (2017). How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.
SBP-BRiMS
SBP-BRiMS
Abstract
Linguistic alignment in text-based communication means that people tend to adjust their language use to one another both in terms of word choice and sentence structure. Previous studies about linguistic alignment suggested that these two forms of adaptation are correlated with each other‚ and that they build up to alignment at a higher representational level‚ such as pragmatic alignment for support functions. Two types of social support have been identified as important for online health communities (OHCs): emotional and informational support between support seekers and support providers. Do the two lower-level alignment measures (lexical and syntactic) relate to these two types of social support in the same way or‚ are they different? Our hypothesis was that they are similar‚ due to their correlation relationship. However‚ we found that‚ based on an analysis of a 10-year online forum for cancer survivors‚ the lower-level alignment measures have distinct relationships to the two higher-level support functions. In this paper‚ we describe this finding and its implications regarding potential refinement of the Inter- active Alignment Model.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2017how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2017emotional.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Cole, J., Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2017). Linking Memory Activation and Word Adoption in Social Language Use via Rational Analysis. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
This paper investigates how cognition facilitates the adoption of new words through a study of the large-scale Reddit corpus‚ which contains written‚ threaded conversations conducted over the internet. Parameters for the cognitive architecture are estimated. Using ACT-R’s account of declarative memory‚ the activation of memory chunks representing words is traced and compared to usage statistics sampled from a year of data. Potential values for decay and retrieval threshold are identified according to model fit and growth rates of word adoption. The resulting estimate for the decay parameter‚ d‚ is 0.22‚ and the estimate for the retrieval threshold parameter‚ rt‚ lies between 3.4 and 4.5.
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017linking, address = {London, UK}, title = {Linking {Memory} {Activation} and {Word} {Adoption} in {Social} {Language} {Use} via {Rational} {Analysis}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Cole, J., & Reitter, D. (2017). Examining Working Memory during Sentence Construction with an ACT-R Model of Grammatical Encoding. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
We examine working memory use and incrementality using a cognitive model of grammatical encoding. Our model com- bines an empirically validated framework‚ ACT-R‚ with a lin- guistic theory‚ Combinatory Categorial Grammar‚ to target that phase of language production. By building the model with the Switchboard corpus‚ it can attempt to realize a larger set of sentences. With this methodology‚ different strategies may be compared according to the similarity of the model’s sentences to the test sentences. In this way‚ the model can still be evalu- ated by its fit to human data‚ without overfitting to individual experiments. The results show that while having more work- ing memory available improves performance‚ using less work- ing memory during realization is correlated with a closer fit‚ even after controlling for sentence complexity. Further‚ sen- tences realized with a more incremental strategy are also more similar to the corpus sentences as measured by edit distance. As high incrementality is correlated with low working mem- ory usage‚ this study offers a possible mechanism by which incrementality can be explained.
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017examining, address = {London, UK}, title = {Examining {Working} {Memory} during {Sentence} {Construction} with an {ACT}-{R} {Model} of {Grammatical} {Encoding}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2017). Spectral Analysis of Information Density in Dialogue Predicts Collaborative Task Performance. In Proceedings of the 55th Annual Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Vancouver, Canada.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
We propose a perspective on dialogue that focuses on relative information contributions of conversation partners as a key to successful communication. We predict the success of collaborative task in English and Danish corpora of task-oriented dialogue. Two features are extracted from the frequency domain representations of the lexical entropy series of each interlocutor‚ power spectrum overlap (PSO) and relative phase (RP). We find that PSO is a negative predictor of task success‚ while RP is a positive one. An SVM with these features significantly improved on previous task success prediction models. Our findings suggest that the strategic distribution of information density between interlocutors is relevant to task success.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2017spectral, address = {Vancouver, Canada}, title = {Spectral {Analysis} of {Information} {Density} in {Dialogue} {Predicts} {Collaborative} {Task} {Performance}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2017spectral.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 55th {Annual} {Mtg}. of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Cole, J., Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2017). Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.
SBP-BRiMS
SBP-BRiMS
Abstract
This study examines how novel words originate in and disperse through online communities. It asks whether larger numbers of people or closer social ties are better environments to foster the adoption of new words. The data stem from Reddit‚ a large sample of web-mediated‚ asynchronous conversations. Reddit communities are divided by size in this study: larger communities are based on discussing general topics and have weak social ties‚ whereas small communities are based on discussing specific topics and have strong social ties. The analysis shows that the majority of new words are created / first adopted in larger communities.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017is, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Is {Word} {Adoption} a {Grassroots} {Process}? {An} {Analysis} of {Reddit} {Communities}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2017wordadoption.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Ritter, F. E. (2017). Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Memory: Selected Papers From the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Topics in Cognitive Science, 9(1), 48–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12249
Topics in Cognitive Science
TopiCS
Abstract
Computational models of memory presented in this issue reflect varied empirical data and levels of representation. From mathematical models to neural and cognitive architectures‚ all aim to converge on a unified theory of the mind.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2017introduction, title = {Introduction to the {Issue} on {Computational} {Models} of {Memory}: {Selected} {Papers} {From} the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, volume = {9}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2017topicsintroduction.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12249}, number = {1}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2017}, pages = {48--50} }
RIS
Ororbia II, A. G., Reitter, D., & Giles, C. L. (2017, March). The Temporal Neural Coding Network: Towards Lifelong Language Learning. Presented at the 11th Annual Machine Learning Symposium, The New York Academy of Sciences.
Abstract
We present a novel lifelong neural architecture‚ the Temporal Neural Coding Network (TNCN)‚ and its learning algorithm‚ for uncovering multiple levels of distributed representations for language data streams. The TNCN model adapts its parameters iteratively as new samples are observed without resorting to the popular‚ but expensive back-propagation through time procedure needed to calculate gradients for recurrent neural networks‚ notably requiring no unrolling of internally defined recurrence relations. Furthermore‚ we integrate concepts from variational encoder-decoder models‚ such as those in [1]‚ to easily demonstrate how uncertainty can be characterized in the model’s next step predictions. We discuss how the proposed TNCN works specifically on language-based tasks formulated in the streaming setting‚ compared to various neural models‚ as well as how the TNCN may be easily adapted to other real-time tasks‚ such as video sequence modeling‚ yielding a natural framework for online multi-modal and online semi-supervised learning.
BIB
@misc{ororbia_ii_temporal_2017, address = {The New York Academy of Sciences}, title = {The {Temporal} {Neural} {Coding} {Network}: {Towards} {Lifelong} {Language} {Learning}}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Giles, C. Lee}, month = mar, year = {2017} }
RIS

2016

Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). Convergence of Syntactic Complexity in Conversation. In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Vol. 2 (Short Papers), pp. 443–448). Berlin, Germany.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
Using corpus data of spoken dialogue‚ we examine the convergence of syntactic complexity levels between interlocutors in natural conversations‚ as it occurs within spans of topic episodes. The findings of general convergence in the Switchboard and BNC corpora are compatible with an information-theoretic model of dialogue and with Interactive Alignment Theory.
link
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2016convergence, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Convergence of {Syntactic} {Complexity} in {Conversation}}, volume = {2 (Short Papers)}, url = {http://anthology.aclweb.org/P16-2072}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {443--448} }
RIS
Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective. In Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Vol. 1 (Long Papers), pp. 537–546). Berlin, Germany.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
The applicability of entropy rate constancy to dialogue is examined on two spoken dialogue corpora. The principle is found to hold; however‚ new entropy change patterns within the topic episodes of dialogue are described‚ which are different from written text. Speaker’s dynamic roles as topic initiators and topic responders are associated with decreasing and increasing entropy‚ respectively‚ which results in local convergence between these speakers in each topic episode. This implies that the sentence entropy in dialogue is conditioned on different contexts determined by the speaker’s roles. Explanations from the perspectives of grounding theory and interactive alignment are discussed‚ resulting in a novel‚ unified information-theoretic approach of dialogue.
link
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2016entropy, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective}, volume = {1 (Long Papers)}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-1051}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {537--546} }
RIS
Cole, J., Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2016). How people talk about armed conflicts: An analysis of Reddit data. In Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer.
LNCS
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2016how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS} 9708}, title = {How people talk about armed conflicts: {An} analysis of {Reddit} data}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2016armedconflicts.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Xu, Ying and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Ghafurian, M., & Grossklags, J. (2016). Systematic, Individual and Situational Biases in Timing Decisions. Oral presentation presented at the International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society, Grenada, Spain.
(Psychonomics)
Abstract
We study personal and general biases in timing decisions‚ which concern practically common continuous decisions about when to act when facing external uncertainty and dynamic risk. In a series of experiments using a two-player game called FlipIt‚ we studied the influence of individual difference variables of Risk Propensity (RP) and Need for Cognition (NfC) and of manipulations that induce impatience. Participants make several timing decisions per round‚ which aim to counteract the hidden actions made by an opponent. The opponent’s actions become visible only after the participant’s choices have been made. Earlier actions are riskier‚ but a rational time point‚ maximizing utility‚ can be defined. Two experiments were run with a total of 450 participants from a general population that were compensated to incentivize maximizing payoff. RP and NfC were obtained with standardized instruments. Participants with RP around the population average benefitted from higher NfC levels (p<0.01). We also found a general impatience bias that advanced timing independent of RP. With increasing task experience‚ models of linear impatience become better predictors of timing bias than risk-dependent ones. In a further experiment with 422 participants‚ impatience was manipulated by showing slow or fast-changing countdowns during a constant delay period. Timing (vs. rational strategy) was retarded or advanced‚ with fast countdowns reducing impatience (p<0.01) and accelerating countdowns yielding closer-to-rational performance even than the control (no delay at all). We conclude that timing decisions are affected by interacting risk and deep-processing preferences as well as situational impatience biases.
BIB
@misc{reitter2016systematic, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Systematic, {Individual} and {Situational} {Biases} in {Timing} {Decisions}}, author = {Reitter, David and Ghafurian, Moojan and Grossklags, Jens}, year = {2016}, note = {(Psychonomics)} }
RIS
Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2016). Impatience induced by waiting: An effect moderated by the speed of countdowns. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems. Brisbane, Australia: ACM.
DIS
DIS
Abstract
Countdowns and progress bars provide computer users with estimates of remaining wait times. These types of feedback are intended to manage their expectations and allow users to direct attention elsewhere. We suggest that they also moderate user’s impatience‚ which affects decision-making in the subsequent task. In an experiment with 421 participants‚ impatience in a timing decision task was effectively and systematically manip- ulated through a countdown‚ as it affected timing and performance of the user’s actions in the task. The effect persisted even after users gained task experience. More rapid countdowns reduced impatience. Post-hoc analysis also showed increased task satisfaction with rising countdown speed and suggested greater task satisfaction with a rapid countdown than with no waiting period at all.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2016impatience, address = {Brisbane, Australia}, title = {Impatience induced by waiting: {An} effect moderated by the speed of countdowns}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016DIS.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2016 {ACM} {Conference} on {Designing} {Interactive} {Systems}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
RIS
Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2016). Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women’s timing decisions. In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science (pp. 1223–1228). Philadelphia, PA: Cognitive Science Society.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Decisions over the timing of actions are critical in several safety‚ security and healthcare scenarios. These decisions‚ sim- ilar to discrete decisions‚ can be influenced by biases and individual traits. In this paper‚ a bias of impatience is studied in an experiment with 626 participants‚ with a focus on gender differences. Impatience was moderated with a manipula- tion of a variable-speed countdown. Men and women differed in how they expressed impatience. While men systematically and irrationally act earlier when become impatient following the slower countdowns‚ women react by irrationally requesting earlier information about the outcome of each trial‚ and impulsively pressing an inactive key.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2016gender, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016cogsci.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1223--1228} }
RIS
D’Orazio, V., Kenwick, M., Lane, M., Palmer, G., & Reitter, D. (2016). Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict. PLOS ONE, 11(6), e0156527. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0156527
PLOS ONE
PLOS ONE
Abstract
Much of the data used to measure conflict is extracted from news reports. This is typically accomplished using either expert coders to quantify the relevant information or machine coders to automatically extract data from documents. Although expert coding is costly‚ it produces quality data. Machine coding is fast and inexpensive‚ but the data are noisy. To diminish the severity of this tradeoff‚ we introduce a method for analyzing news documents that uses crowdsourcing‚ supplemented with computational approaches. The new method is tested on documents about Militarized Interstate Disputes‚ and its accuracy ranges between about 68 and 76 percent. This is shown to be a considerable improvement over automated coding‚ and to cost less and be much faster than expert coding.
PDF
BIB
@article{dorazio2016crowdsourcing, title = {Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict}, volume = {11}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dorazio2016conflict.pdf}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156527}, number = {6}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {e0156527} }
RIS
Xu, K. S., Reitter, D., Lee, D., & Osgood, N. (Eds.). (2016). Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016. Switzerland: Springer.
doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7
SBP-BRiMS
link
BIB
@book{xu2016social, address = {Switzerland}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}. 9th {International} {Conference}, {SBP}-{BRiMS} 2016}, shorttitle = {{SBP}-{BRiMS}}, url = {https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7}, number = {9708}, publisher = {Springer}, editor = {Xu, Kevin S. and Reitter, David and Lee, Dongwon and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2016}, note = {doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Ritter, F. E. (Eds.). (2016). Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Penn State.
ICCM
BIB
@book{reitter2016proceedings, address = {University Park, PA}, title = {Proceedings of {ICCM} 2016: 14th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, shorttitle = {{ICCM}}, publisher = {Penn State}, editor = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2016} }
RIS
Cole, J., Reitter, D., & Liu, Y. (2016). Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception. Poster presentation presented at the International Meeting of Psychonomic Society, Grenada, Spain.
(Psychonomics)
BIB
@misc{cole2016symmetry, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {Poster presentation}, title = {Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David and Liu, Yanxi}, year = {2016}, note = {(Psychonomics)} }
RIS
Liu, Y., Cole, J., & Reitter, D. (2016). Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns using Timed Trials. Oral presentation presented at the Vision Sciences Society Sixteenth Annual Meeting (VSS), Florida.
VSS
Abstract
Most literature on symmetry perception has focused on bilateral reflection symmetry‚ with some suggesting that it is the only type of symmetry humans can perceive (Wilson&Wilkinson‚ Vis. Res. 42(5)‚ 2002). Using image-stimuli generated from mathematically well-defined 17 wallpaper groups (Kohler et al.‚ J. Neurosci.‚ in press) and timed trials‚ we seek to demonstrate that humans can discriminate various symmetries found in 2D wallpaper patterns (Liu‚ et al Found.&Trends in Comp.Graph.&Vis.‚ 2010). Furthermore‚ we examine which features play an essential role in wallpaper pattern perception. The features include: reflection‚ maximum order of rotation‚ glide reflection‚ tile shape and subgroup distance‚ referring to the shortest path between the two wallpaper groups in the group hierarchy. We recruited 106 individuals (Amazon Mechanical Turks) to compare three images (target‚ probe‚ probe) and to choose the probe most similar to the target within five seconds. Each participant performed 272 (=17x16) trials. Participants compare among all possible wallpaper group pairs. Every group comparison except one is distinguishable (p< 0.05); all are likely distinguishable (p< 0.10). After modeling every defining feature of symmetry groups using linear mixed-effects regression (GLMM)‚ we used AIC selection to compare models. Our selected model includs subgroup distance‚ 3-fold rotation‚ 4-fold rotation‚ and the T1 and D1 axes. Even in a model with all other features‚ subgroup distance is a significant additional predictor (p< 0.0001). This distance measure has shown to be a better proxy describing human perceptual processes than individual features. This suggests that the mathematically motivated symmetry group hierarchy may be a valid model of pattern perception.
BIB
@misc{liu2016human, address = {Florida}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Human {Visual} {Perception} of the 17 {Wallpaper}-{Group} {Patterns} using {Timed} {Trials}}, author = {Liu, Yanxi and Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
RIS
Kennedy, W. G., St. Amant, R., & Reitter, D. (2016). Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to CMOT special issue: BRiMS 2013. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 22(1), 1–3.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
CMOT
link
BIB
@article{kennedy2016behavior, title = {Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to {CMOT} special issue: {BRiMS} 2013}, volume = {22}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10588-015-9194-9}, number = {1}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Kennedy, William G. and St. Amant, Robert and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1--3} }
RIS

2015

Zhao, C., Kaulakis, R., Morgan, J. H., Hiam, J. W., Ritter, F. E., Sanford, J., & Morgan, G. P. (2015). Building social networks out of cognitive blocks: Factors of interest in agent-based socio-cognitive simulations. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 21(2), 115–149.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
Abstract
This paper examines how cognitive and environmental factors influence the formation of dyadic ties. We use agent models instantiated in ACT-R that interact in a social simulation‚ to illustrate the effect of memory constraints on networks. We also show that environmental factors are important including popu- lation size‚ running time‚ and map configuration. To examine these relationships‚ we ran simulations of networks using a factorial design. Our analyses suggest three interesting conclusions: first‚ the tie formation of these networks approximates a logistic growth model; second‚ that agent memory quality (i.e.‚ perfect or human- like) strongly alters the network’s density and structure; third‚ that the three environmental factors all influence both network density and some aspects of net- work structure. These findings suggest that meaningful variance of social network analysis measures occur in a narrow band of memory strength (the cognitive band); the threshold for defining tie criteria is important; and future simulations examining generative social networks should control and carefully report these environmental and cognitive factors.
PDF
BIB
@article{zhao2015building, title = {Building social networks out of cognitive blocks: {Factors} of interest in agent-based socio-cognitive simulations}, volume = {21}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHRSM15.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Sanford, J. and Morgan, G. P.}, year = {2015}, pages = {115--149} }
RIS
Wang, Y., Yen, J., & Reitter, D. (2015). Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics.
Abstract
Linguistic alignment‚ such as lexical and syntactic alignment‚ is a universal phenomenon influencing dialogue participants in online conversations. Besides linguistic alignment‚ social support‚ such as emotional support and informational support‚ also provides important benefits to their members. More recently‚ identifying and analyzing social support facilitated insights in the construction of support oriented communities. In this paper‚ we study whether members show pragmatic alignment on social support. While adaptation can occur at lexical‚ syntactic and pragmatic levels‚ relationships between alignments at multiple levels are neither theoretically nor empirically well understood. Our results indicate pragmatic alignment of forum members along the axis of support type. We also find that lexical alignment is correlated with emotional support‚ and that the amount of lexical alignment is also correlated with the amount of pragmatic alignment. This finding can contribute to improving our understanding about the linguistic signature of different types of support‚ and enhancing theoretical model of the Interactive Alignment Model in a multi-party peer support conversation context.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2015pragmatic, address = {Denver, CO}, title = {Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2015pragmatic-alignment.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} ({CMCL})}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Yen, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
RIS
Xu, Y., & Reitter, D. (2015). An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures. In Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics.
Abstract
Linguistic alignment has emerged as an important property of conversational language and a driver of mutual understanding in dialogue. While various computational measures of linguistic alignment in corpus and experimental data have been devised‚ a systematic evaluation of them is missing. In this study‚ we first evaluate the sensitivity and distributional properties of three measures‚ indiscriminate local linguistic alignment (LLA)‚ Spearman’s correlation coefficient (SCC)‚ and repetition decay (RepDecay). Then we apply them in a study of interactive alignment and individual differences to see how well they conform to the Interactive Alignment Model (IAM)‚ and how well they can reveal the individual differences in alignment propensity. Our results suggest that LLA has the overall best performance.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2015evaluation, address = {Denver, CO}, title = {An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2015evaluation-alignment.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} ({CMCL})}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
RIS
Ororbia II, A. G., Giles, C. L., & Reitter, D. (2015). Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification. In Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Lisbon, Portugal.
EMNLP
EMNLP
Abstract
We present a novel fine-tuning algorithm in a deep hybrid architecture for semi-supervised text classification. During each increment of the online learning process‚ the fine-tuning algorithm serves as a top-down mechanism for pseudo-jointly modifying model parameters following a bottom-up generative learning pass. The resulting model‚ trained under what we call the Bottom-Up-Top-Down learning algorithm‚ is shown to outperform a variety of competitive models and baselines trained across a wide range of splits between supervised and unsupervised training data.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_learning_2015, address = {Lisbon, Portugal}, title = {Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015learning-deep-hybrid.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2015 {Conference} on {Empirical} {Methods} in {Natural} {Language} {Processing}}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Giles, C. Lee and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
RIS
Ororbia II, A. G., Xu, Y., D’Orazio, V., & Reitter, D. (2015). Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information. In N. Agarwal, K. Xu, & N. Osgood (Eds.), Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction (Vol. 9021, pp. 381–387). Springer.
10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47
SBP
Abstract
A discriminative model is presented for crowd-sourcing the annotation of news stories to produce a structured dataset about incidents involving militarized disputes between nation-states. We used a question tree to gather partially redundant data from each crowd worker. A lattice of Bayesian Networks was then applied to error correct the individual worker annotations‚ the results of which were then aggregated via majority voting. The resulting hybrid model outperformed comparable‚ state-of-the-art aggregation models in both accuracy and computational scalability.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ororbia_ii_error-correction_2015, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science} ({SBP})}, title = {Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information}, volume = {9021}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015crowd.pdf}, booktitle = {Social {Computing}, {Behavioral} {Modeling} and {Prediction}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Xu, Yang and D'Orazio, Vito and Reitter, David}, editor = {Agarwal, Nitin and Xu, Kevin and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2015}, note = {10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47}, pages = {381--387} }
RIS
Ororbia II, A. G., Reitter, D., Wu, J., & Giles, C. L. (2015). Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization. In Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Proceedings, ECML PKDD 2015) (Vol. 9284, pp. 516–532). Porto, Portugal: Springer.
ECML PKDD
ECML PKDD
Abstract
A hybrid architecture is presented capable of online learning from both labeled and unlabeled samples. It combines both generative and discriminative objectives to derive a new variant of the Deep Belief Network‚ i.e.‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network model. The model’s training algorithm is built on principles developed from hybrid discriminative Boltzmann machines and composes deep architectures in a greedy fashion. It makes use of its inherent “layer-wise ensemble" nature to perform useful classification work. We (1) compare this architecture against a hybrid Denoising Auto-encoder version of itself as well as several other models and (2) investigate training in the context of an incremental learning procedure. The best-performing hybrid model‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network‚ consistently outperforms all others.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_online_2015, address = {Porto, Portugal}, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization}, volume = {9284}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia_deep_hybrid_ecml_2015.pdf}, booktitle = {Machine {Learning} and {Knowledge} {Discovery} in {Databases} ({Proceedings}, {ECML} {PKDD} 2015)}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Wu, Jian and Giles, C. Lee}, year = {2015}, pages = {516--532} }
RIS
Paik, J., Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Reitter, D. (2015). Predicting user performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 22(5), Article No. 25. https://doi.org/10.1145/2776891
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
ACM ToCHI
Abstract
We report a way to build a series of GOMS-like cognitive user models representing a range of performance at different stages of learning. We use a spreadsheet task across multiple sessions as an example task; it takes about 20–30 min. to perform. The models were created in ACT-R using a compiler. The novice model has 29 rules and 1‚152 declarative memory task elements (chunks)—it learns to create procedural knowledge to perform the task. The expert model has 617 rules and 614 task chunks (that it does not use) and 538 command string chunks—it gets slightly faster through limited declarative learning of the command strings and some further production compilation; there are a range of intermediate models. These models were tested against aggregate and individual human learning data‚ confirming the models’ predictions. This work suggests that user models can be created that learn like users while doing the task.
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BIB
@article{paik2015predicting, title = {Predicting user performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the {Herbal} compiler}, volume = {22}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/paikKRR15.pdf}, doi = {10.1145/2776891}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Paik, Jaehyon and Kim, Jong W. and Ritter, Frank E. and Reitter, David}, year = {2015}, pages = {Article No. 25} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Stacy, E. W., & Mezzacappa, E. (Eds.). (2015). Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{reitter2015proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 24th {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W. and Mezzacappa, E.}, year = {2015} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Xu, Y., Craven, P., Sándor, A., Garrett, R. C., Cross, E. V., & Franke, J. L. (2015). Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators. In Proc. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (p. Poster Abstract). Groningen, Netherlands.
ICCM
ICCM
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2015cognitive, address = {Groningen, Netherlands}, title = {Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/surprisal2015iccm.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Xu, Yang and Craven, Patrick and Sándor, Anikó and Garrett, R. Chris and Cross, E. Vince and Franke, Jerry L.}, year = {2015}, pages = {Poster Abstract} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2015). Wolves & Sheep - an edu-simulation. Retrieved from https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep
Abstract
This is a multi-agent‚ bio-inspired simulation; it is a competitive game and a tournament written for 5-50 beginner programmers. It is designed as educational tool: Students of an intermediate programming class taught in Java write code that controls a single player in this simulation. Players are pitched against each other; typically 5 at a time. A tournament runs many combinations of players in many adjustable scenarios. The tournament is set up to run regularly on a server‚ taking .jar files provided by students. It uses standard visibility and sandboxing features of Java to provide a basic level of security.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter2015wolves, title = {Wolves \& {Sheep} - an edu-simulation}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
RIS
Kim, J. W., & Ritter, F. E. (2015). Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: Relearning is important. Human-Computer Interaction, 30(1), 1–33.
Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract
This paper investigates performance change arising through learning‚ forgetting‚ and relearning. Participants learned a spreadsheet task with either keystroke-driven (keyboard‚ n = 30) or mousebased menu-driven (mouse‚ n = 30) commands. Their performance confirmed the power law of practice. The keyboard users learned to complete the task faster than the mouse users on the last learning session (Day 4). At a 6-day retention interval‚ the mouse users were observed to forget more—they took more time to complete the task than the keyboard users. Interestingly‚ the participants in the two modality groups showed no significant differences in their forgetting under the retention of 12 and 18 days. With additional practice‚ the mouse group users with the 6-day retention relearned more—they significantly reduced the time to complete the task in comparison to the keyboard group. The experiment with these two modality groups helps understand why people may choose to use a mouse-driven graphical user interface (GUI) rather than a keystroke-driven interface—people choosing to use a mouse-based menu-driven interface may not need to use a knowledge-in-the-head strategy but knowledge-in-the-world‚ and may be doing so because this strategy provides better relearning‚ rather than because it is faster or easier initially or because it is better for learning or forgetting. This helps provide a richer explanation of why menu-driven interfaces (knowledge-in-the-world) are more ubiquitous‚ and suggests when they can be replaced‚ e.g.‚ where use is infrequent but often enough that forgetting does not occur. Our results provide preliminary suggestions for choosing optimal training strategies and supporting these strategies in terms of the three stages of learning and forgetting.
PDF
BIB
@article{kim2015learning, title = {Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: {Relearning} is important}, volume = {30}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRip.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Human-Computer Interaction}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2015}, pages = {1--33} }
RIS
Dancy, C. L., Ritter, F. E., Berry, K., & Klein, L. C. (2015). Using a cognitive architecture with a physiological substrate to represent effects of psychological stress on cognition. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 21(1), 90–114.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
CMOT
Abstract
Adding a physiological representation to cognitive architectures offers an attractive approach to modeling the effects of stress on cognition. We introduce ACT-RΦ‚ an extended version of the ACT-R cognitive architecture that includes an integrative physiological model. The extension allows the representation of non-linear physiological effects on cognition‚ and cognitive effects on physiology. This additional physiological substrate was used to represent potential effects of a startle response during a mental arithmetic (subtraction) task. We compare predic- tions from models loaded into the new hybrid architecture to models previously developed with- in the ACT-R architecture; the ACT-R models use parameter value sets to represent the effects of task-based stress on cognition during a subtraction task. General behavior differed between models in that the new models run in ACT-RΦ exhibited dynamic declarative memory noise over the course of the task‚ i.e. memory noise changed across time. The models run in ACT-RΦ also exhibited a lower percentage of subtraction problems answered correctly during the task as well as a higher number of responses; this more closely matched human performance than the previous ACT-R models. Using these models within ACT-RΦ allows a more tractable integration of current physiological and cognitive perspectives on stress. ACT-RΦ also permits further exploration of the interaction between cognition and physiology‚ and the emergent effects on behavior caused by the interaction among physiological subsystems. This extension is useful for anyone exploring how the human mind can occur in the physical universe.
PDF
BIB
@article{dancy_c._l._using_2015, title = {Using a cognitive architecture with a physiological substrate to represent effects of psychological stress on cognition}, volume = {21}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRBip.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {{Dancy, C. L.} and {Ritter, F. E.} and {Berry, K.} and {Klein, L. C.}}, year = {2015}, pages = {90--114} }
RIS
Dancy, C. L., Ritter, F. E., & Gunzelmann, G. (2015). Two ways to model the effects of sleep fatigue on cognition. In Proceedings of the 13th  International Conference on Cognitive Modeling 2015 (pp. 258–263).
Abstract
We compare how the same cognitive model completes a task within two alternative modifications to a cognitive architecture to represent sleep deprivation. One modification (ACT-R/F) has a module that uses a biomathematical model of the effects of sleep deprivation on performance to drive parameter changes in the architecture that impact behavior and performance. The second‚ new‚ modification (ACT-R/Phi represents the effects of sleep deprivation on physiological systems and has these systems modulate cognition. The model completes the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) within both ACT-R/Phi and ACT-R/F. We found that the two implementations produced similar response times (means) in simulated days one and two. However‚ the distribution of the response times across the two days of sleep deprivation varied between models. The ACT-Phi model shows a wider distribution in both days 1 and 2 due to an increased and modulating production utility noise that affects its ability to select the correct rules consistently. Though they represent sleep deprivation in different ways‚ and on different levels‚ both of these implementations lead us towards a more unified understanding of how sleep deprivation affects our bodies‚ how we think and behave over time‚ and how to represent these effects.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{dancy2015two, title = {Two ways to model the effects of sleep fatigue on cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRG15.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} 2015}, author = {Dancy, C. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Gunzelmann, G.}, year = {2015}, pages = {258--263} }
RIS
Li, N., Zhao, C., Choe, E. K., & Ritter, F. E. (2015). HHeal: A personalized health app for flu tracking and prevention. In CHI EA ’15, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1415–1420). New York, NY: ACM.
Abstract
We report a new mobile application‚ HHeal‚ that inte- grates individuals’ flu risk information and flu-preventive behaviors. The app provides a personal flu risk bar that rises when the user is near someone with flu-like symp- toms and drops when the user finishes one of the sug- gested flu-preventive behaviors. Preliminary results show that participants favored the personal flu risk bar design. Participants had positive experiences when their personal risk bars dropped. They were motivated to initiate flu-preventive behaviors when their personal risk bars rose. Our next step includes studying reward strat- egies‚ users’ motivations to share personal health information‚ and building a more accurate model of flu risk.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{li2015hheal:, address = {New York, NY}, title = {{HHeal}: {A} personalized health app for flu tracking and prevention}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/liZCR15.pdf}, booktitle = {{CHI} {EA} '15, {Proceedings} of the 33rd {Annual} {ACM} {Conference} {Extended} {Abstracts} on {Human} {Factors} in {Computing} {Systems}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Li, N. and Zhao, C. and Choe, E. K. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2015}, pages = {1415--1420} }
RIS

2014

Reitter, D., & Moore, J. D. (2014). Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue. Journal of Memory and Language, 76, 29–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008
Journal of Memory and Language
Abstract
Task-solving in dialogue depends on the convergence of the situation models held by the dialogue partners. The Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering and Garrod‚ 2004) suggests that this convergence is the result of an interactive alignment process‚ which is based on mechanistic repetition at a number of linguistic levels. In this paper‚ we develop two predictions arising from the theory‚ along with two methods to quantify the known structural priming effects in the full inventory of syntactic choices found in text and speech corpora. (a) Under a rational perspective‚ we expect increased repetition in task-oriented dialogue compared to spontaneous conversation. We find within- and between-speaker priming in a corpus of spontaneous conversations‚ but stronger priming in task-oriented dialogue. (b) The Interactive Alignment Model predicts linguistic adaptation to be correlated with task success. We show this effect in a corpus of task-oriented dialogue‚ where we find a positive correlation of long-term adaptation and a quantifiable task success measure. We argue that the repetition tendency relevant for the high-level alignment of situation models is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming. We demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition are reliable and computationally exploitable predictors of task success.
BIB
@article{reitter2014alignment, title = {Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue}, volume = {76}, doi = {10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008}, journal = {Journal of Memory and Language}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2014}, pages = {29--46} }
RIS
Wang, Y., Reitter, D., & Yen, J. (2014). Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities. In Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Workshop at the Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics.
Abstract
Previous studies of alignment have focused on two-party conversations. We study multi-party conversation in online health communities‚ which have shown benefits for their members from forum conversations. So far‚ our understanding of the relationship between alignment in such multi-party conversations and its possible connection to member benefits has been limited. This paper quantifies linguistic alignment in the oldest and the largest cancer online forum. Alignment at lexical and syntactic levels‚ as well as decay of alignment was observed in forum threads‚ although the decay was slower than commonly found in psycholinguistic studies. The different pattern of adaptation to the initial post on a thread suggests that specific roles in the online forum (e.g.‚ seeking support from the community) can potentially be revealed through alignment theory and its extensions.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2014linguistic, title = {Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/yafei2014cmcl.pdf}, booktitle = {Cognitive {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}. {Workshop} at the {Mtg}. of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2014). Big-Data insights into cognitive representations of language processing. Invited Talk presented at the The 2nd International Workshop on Advanced Learning Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan.
BIB
@misc{reitter2014big-data, address = {Taipei, Taiwan}, type = {Invited {Talk}}, title = {Big-{Data} insights into cognitive representations of language processing}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Grossklags, J., & Reitter, D. (2014). How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing. In Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium (pp. 111–122). Vienna.
CSF
CSF
Abstract
This paper addresses security and safety choices that involve a decision on the timing of an action. Examples of such decisions include when to check log files for intruders and when to monitor financial accounts for fraud or errors. To better understand how performance in timing-related security situations is shaped by individuals’ cognitive predispositions‚ we effectively combine survey measures with economic experiments. Two behavioral experiments are presented in which the timing of online security actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision-environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{grossklags2014how, address = {Vienna}, title = {How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/grossklags2014csf.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th {IEEE} {Computer} {Security} {Foundations} {Symposium}}, author = {Grossklags, Jens and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {111--122} }
RIS
Ghafurian, M., & Reitter, D. (2014). Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games. In Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 2841–2846). Quebec, Canada.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Games of timing reflect dynamic decision-making under uncertainty‚ as it takes place in many real-world situations‚ including health care‚ safety and security. Rather than making discrete decisions‚ participants choose one or more points in time that determine the outcome. We study individual’s biases and characteristics in such games of timing. We examine risk propensity as a personal preference affecting timing decisions and document a bias‚ impatience. Experiment 1 analyzes people’s strategy in timing games in relation to a rational model. Contrasting two cognitive models suggests that individuals apply risk propensity to the probability distributions underlying short games and when unfamiliar with the situation‚ but that‚ over time‚ impatience takes over as a linear adjustment. In Experiment 2‚ impatient participants risk their incentive payment in order to play early‚ even if they receive no advantage from doing so.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2014impatience, address = {Quebec, Canada}, title = {Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/moojan2014impatience.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {2841--2846} }
RIS
St.Amant, R., Reitter, D., & Stacy, E. W. (Eds.). (2014). Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{st.amant2014proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {St.Amant, Robert and Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W.}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2014). Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer’s classroom. In J. M. Carroll (Ed.), Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology (pp. 19–29). Springer.
Abstract
The Wolves and Sheep game is an educational‚ multi-agent computer simulation for students of programming classes. Players move about in a two- dimensional landscape‚ aiming to reach targets or catch other players. Students write programs that control individual players in the game. The programs then participate in a tournament. Students practice basic programming and algorithmic thinking‚ object-orientation and the role of interfaces‚ and are even exposed to basic Artificial Intelligence. Gamification helps motivate students and creates positive‚ but challenging learning experiences.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{reitter2014hungry, title = {Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014hungryWolves.pdf}, booktitle = {Innovative {Practices} in {Teaching} {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Carroll, John M.}, year = {2014}, pages = {19--29} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Gonzalez, C., Lebiere, C., & Meyer, J. (2014). Cognitive security. Panel presented at the 13th Annual Workshop on the Economics of Information Security, University Park, PA.
BIB
@misc{reitter2014cognitive, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Cognitive security}, author = {Reitter, David and Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Meyer, Joachim}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Anderson, R., Meyer, J., Moore, T., Randazzese, L., & Reitter, D. (Moderator). (2014). Human aspects of cybersecurity. Panel presented at the Department of Homeland Security Workshop on Incentives and Regulation of Cybersecurity, University Park, PA.
BIB
@misc{anderson2014human, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Human aspects of cybersecurity}, author = {Anderson, Ross and Meyer, Joachim and Moore, Tyler and Randazzese, Lucien and {Reitter, D. (Moderator)}}, year = {2014} }
RIS
D’Orazio, V., Kenwick, M., Lane, M., Palmer, G., & Reitter, D. (2014). Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data. Talk presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association, Toronto, Canada.
BIB
@misc{dorazio2014crowdsourcing, address = {Toronto, Canada}, type = {Talk}, title = {Crowdsourcing the {Measurement} of {Observational} {Data}}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2014). Zot_bib_web - interactive web bibliographies.
Abstract
This tool explores new ways to make bibliographies interactive‚ searchable and discoverable. Zot_bib_web generates HTML bibliographies based on one or more collections in a Zotero repository. These collections can be maintained by groups of people‚ using Zotero’s web interface or their desktop applications.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter_zot_bib_web_2014, title = {Zot\_bib\_web - interactive web bibliographies}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/zotweb/}bib, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Morita, J., Miwa, K., Maehigashi, A., Terai, H., Kojima, K., & Ritter, F. E. (2014). Modeling adaptation on automated vehicle operation. In 2014年度日本認知科学会第31回大会 (The 31st Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society) (pp. O1–1.  63–68).
Abstract
This paper presents a cognitive model that sim- ulates how the reliance on automation in a sim- ple tracking task‚ which represents vehicle operation‚ changes as the success probabilities of automatic and manual mode vary. The model was developed by us- ing ACT-R‚ and we also introduce three methods of reinforcement learning: the synchronization of utili- ties in the same mode‚ the summation of rewards over time‚ and the prediction from the past. The model performs this task through productions that manage perception and motor control. The utility values of these productions are updated based on rewards in every perception-action cycle. A run of this model simulated the overall trends of the behavioral data‚ suggesting some validity of the assumptions made in our model.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{morita_j._modeling_2014, title = {Modeling adaptation on automated vehicle operation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMMTKR14.pdf}, booktitle = {2014年度日本認知科学会第31回大会 ({The} 31st {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Japanese} {Cognitive} {Science} {Society})}, author = {{Morita, J.} and {Miwa, K.} and {Maehigashi, A.} and {Terai, H.} and {Kojima, K.} and {Ritter, F. E}}, year = {2014}, pages = {O1--1. 63--68} }
RIS
Evertsz, R., Lucas, A., Smith, C., Pedrotti, M., Ritter, F. E., Baker, R., & Burns, P. (2014). Enhanced behavioral realism for live fire targets. In Proceedings of the 23rd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. [online proceedings]. Centerville, OH: BRIMS Society.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{evertsz_r._enhanced_2014, address = {Centerville, OH}, title = {Enhanced behavioral realism for live fire targets}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszLSPRBB14.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}. [online proceedings]}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {{Evertsz, R.} and {Lucas, A.} and {Smith, C.} and {Pedrotti, M.} and {Ritter, F. E.} and {Baker, R.} and {Burns, P.}}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., & Churchill, E. F. (2014). Foundations for designing user-centered systems: What system designers need to know about people. London, UK: 442 + xxx pages. Springer Science+Business Media.
link
BIB
@book{ritter_f._e._foundations_2014, address = {London, UK}, title = {Foundations for designing user-centered systems: {What} system designers need to know about people}, url = {http://www.frankritter.com/fducs}, publisher = {442 + xxx pages. Springer Science+Business Media}, author = {{Ritter, F. E.} and {Baxter, G. D.} and {Churchill, E. F.}}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2014). A satisfying way to teach HCI: Outreach through usability reports. In CHI 2014 Workshop, Developing a Living Curriculum to Support Global HCI Education. [online proceedings].
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter_f._e._satisfying_2014, address = {[online proceedings]}, title = {A satisfying way to teach {HCI}: {Outreach} through usability reports}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter14b.pdf}, booktitle = {{CHI} 2014 {Workshop}, {Developing} a {Living} {Curriculum} to {Support} {Global} {HCI} {Education}}, author = {{Ritter, F. E.}}, year = {2014} }
RIS
Baxter, G. D., Churchill, E. F., & Ritter, F. E. (2014). Addressing the fundamental error of design using the ABCS. AIS SIGHCI Newsletter, 13(1), 9–10.
AIS SIGHCI Newsletter
PDF
BIB
@article{baxter_g._d._addressing_2014, title = {Addressing the fundamental error of design using the {ABCS}}, volume = {13}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterCR14.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {AIS SIGHCI Newsletter}, author = {{Baxter, G. D.} and {Churchill, E. F.} and {Ritter, F. E.}}, year = {2014}, pages = {9--10} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2014). Semester projects on human-computer interaction as service and outreach. In Carroll, J. M. (Ed.), Innovative practices in teaching information sciences and technology: Experience reports and reflections (pp. 133–142). London: Springer.
Abstract
Student projects at all levels can have impact. I’ll present an approach for using class projects in Junior level and above human-computer interaction (HCI) classes to have a social and economic impact. This can make your teaching improve by being more motivating to students‚ to be more interesting to you‚ and to have more impact. I’ll provide an example project description used at Penn State’s College of IST since 2000‚ and example projects that have suggested useful interface changes to the web sites of a variety of government‚ non-profit‚ university‚ and small and medium-sized businesses. These reports fulfill a pedagogical goal by having students demonstrate mastery of the material‚ particularly evidence- and theory-based suggested changes to improve the usability of web sites. The reports provide (in the best cases) strong‚ correct suggestions for improving the usability of these web sites. The use of these reports also helps reduce plagiarism because the sites and thus work are unique.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter_f._e._semester_2014, address = {London}, title = {Semester projects on human-computer interaction as service and outreach}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritteripB.pdf}, booktitle = {Innovative practices in teaching information sciences and technology: {Experience} reports and reflections}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {{Ritter, F. E.}}, editor = {{Carroll, J. M.}}, year = {2014}, pages = {133--142} }
RIS
Dancy, C. L. (2014). Why the change of heart? Understanding the interactions between physiology, affect, and cognition and their effects on decision-making. Unpublished PhD, Penn State, University Park, PA.
Abstract
How do physiological and affective processes interact with cognitive processes to change the way we think? How can we better understand the processes that underlie decision-making and choice behavior? This dissertation presents a novel hybrid cognitive architecture‚ ACT-R/Φ‚ which extends the ACT-R cognitive architecture with an integrative model of physiology and a model of affect and emotion. Extending a cognitive architecture with representations of affect and physiology allows the straightforward development of more illustrative computational process models of human behavior that explain experimental results from physiology‚ neuroscience‚ and psychology. Computational models were developed that provide an account of how physiological change due to psychological stress or homeostasis can modulate cognitive processes. An experiment was also run to explore how subliminal visual emotional stimuli affect physiology and decision-making behavior during the Iowa Gambling Task. Results indicate that effects of subliminal affective stimuli were dependent on participant sex and personality differences. A computational process model was developed that performs the same task and behaves similarly to the participants. Physiological and affective states continually interact with cognitive processes‚ biasing memory and‚ consequently‚ decisions. Evolved adaptations that support physiological and affective change of behavior (e.g.‚ natural reactions to thirst or hunger) affect the way we learn and make choices. The ACT-R/Φ hybrid architecture‚ and the theoretical architectural models that define it‚ can be used to develop models of human behavior that include the necessary accounts of physiology and affect that describe what the body needs and how changes in behavior affects these needs. This improved understanding of the architecture that constrains our behavior gives us a better opportunity to comprehend why we make the decisions we do and how we can use this knowledge to make better decisions.
link
BIB
@phdthesis{dancy_c._l._why_2014, title = {Why the change of heart? {Understanding} the interactions between physiology, affect, and cognition and their effects on decision-making}, url = {https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/paper/21287/}, school = {Unpublished PhD, Penn State, University Park, PA}, author = {{Dancy, C. L.}}, year = {2014} }
RIS

2013

Dancy, C. L. (2013). ACT-RΦ: A cognitive architecture with physiology and affect. BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society, 6(0), 40–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bica.2013.07.008
BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society
Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures
Abstract
Abstract Current computational cognitive architectures lack a comprehensive representation of human physiology. Connecting a more realistic model of physiology to a cognitive architecture allows one to develop more realistic computational process models that include an account for the effect of physiology on cognition. It is also useful to include some theory of affect and emotion to act as a functional layer between some representations of physiology and cognition. We chose to extend the ACT-R (adaptive control of thought – rational) cognitive architecture with physiology and affect to make the ACT-RΦ hybrid architecture. We connected the HumMod physiological simulation system with the ACT-R architecture; ACT-RΦ has a module that communicates between ACT-R and HumMod. A new affect system was also developed using an existing theoretical framework to serve as a functional layer between some of the physiological and cognitive representations. With this new architecture one can model a wide range of human behavior (e.g.‚ the effects of homeostasis on cognition) in a more tractable fashion.
link
BIB
@article{dancy2013act-r:, title = {{ACT}-{RΦ}: {A} cognitive architecture with physiology and affect}, volume = {6}, issn = {2212-683X}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212683X13000753}, doi = {10.1016/j.bica.2013.07.008}, number = {0}, journal = {BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society}, author = {Dancy, Christopher L.}, month = oct, year = {2013}, keywords = {ACT-R, Affect, Cognitive architecture, Cognitive model, HumMod, Physiology}, pages = {40--45} }
RIS
Haughton, N., Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin), Nworie, J., & Romero, L. (2013). Digital disturbances, disorders, and pathologies: A discussion of some unintended consequences of technology in higher education. Educational Technology, 53(4), 3–16.
Educational Technology
BIB
@article{haughton2013digital, title = {Digital disturbances, disorders, and pathologies: {A} discussion of some unintended consequences of technology in higher education.}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, journal = {Educational Technology}, author = {Haughton, Noela and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin), Nworie, John and Romero, Liz}, year = {2013}, pages = {3--16} }
RIS
Tseng, J.-T. (2013). The effect of heterogeneous agents in socio-cognitive networks (Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA).
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BIB
@phdthesis{tseng_j.-t._effect_2013, type = {Unpublished {MS} thesis, {Computer} {Science} and {Engineering}, {Penn} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}}, title = {The effect of heterogeneous agents in socio-cognitive networks}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/tseng13.pdf}, author = {{Tseng, J.-T.}}, year = {2013} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G., Kim, J. W., & Srinivasmurthy, S. (2013). Learning and retention. In J. D. Lee & A. Kirlik (Eds.) (pp. 125–142). The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering . New York, NY: Oxford.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2013learning, address = {The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering . New York, NY}, title = {Learning and retention}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBKSip.pdf}, publisher = {Oxford}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. and Kim, J. W. and Srinivasmurthy, S.}, editor = {Lee, John D. and Kirlik, Alex}, year = {2013}, pages = {125--142} }
RIS
Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Koubek, R. J. (2013). An integrated theory for improved skill acquisition and retention in the three stages of learning. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 14(1), 22–37.
Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science
PDF
BIB
@article{kim2013integrated, title = {An integrated theory for improved skill acquisition and retention in the three stages of learning}, volume = {14}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRK13.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.}, year = {2013}, pages = {22--37} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Kim, J. W., Morgan, J. H., & Carlson, R. A. (2013). Running behavioral studies with human participants: A practical guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
link
BIB
@book{ritter2013running, address = {Thousand Oaks, CA}, title = {Running behavioral studies with human participants: {A} practical guide}, url = {http://www.sagepub.com/books/Book237263}, publisher = {Sage}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Carlson, R. A.}, year = {2013} }
RIS
Morgan, J. H., Cheng, C.-Y., Pike, C., & Ritter, F. E. (2013). A design, tests, and considerations for improving keystroke and mouse loggers. Interacting with Computers, 25(3), 242–258.
Interacting with Computers
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BIB
@article{morgan2013design, title = {A design, tests, and considerations for improving keystroke and mouse loggers}, volume = {25}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganCPRip.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Interacting with Computers}, author = {Morgan, J. H. and Cheng, C.-Y. and Pike, C. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2013}, pages = {242--258} }
RIS
Hale, J., & Reitter, D. (2013). Introduction to the issue on computational models of natural language. Topics in Cognitive Science, 1–4.
Topics in Cognitive Science
BIB
@article{hale2013introduction, title = {Introduction to the issue on computational models of natural language}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, author = {Hale, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2013}, pages = {1--4} }
RIS
Hale, J., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2013). Issue on computational models of natural language. Topics in Cognitive Science, 5(3), (11 papers). https://doi.org/10.1111/tops.12038
Topics in Cognitive Science
TopiCS
PDF
BIB
@article{hale2013issue, title = {Issue on computational models of natural language}, volume = {5}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/topics2013-issue-ToC.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12038}, number = {3}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, editor = {Hale, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2013}, pages = {(11 papers)} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Grossklags, J., & Nochenson, A. (2013). Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing. In R. West & T. Stewart (Eds.), Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 397–403). Ottawa, Canada.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player‚ 20-second FlipIt game‚ in which a player has to react to an estimated‚ externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represented once as time interval‚ and once as distance in time and space. Risk-taking propensity is an individual parameter obtained via a standardized survey instrument. We find that risk propensity affects participants’ decisions in early and late rounds of the game and show that risk-seeking individuals fail to play well initially in the difficult‚ time-interval estimation task‚ but that they can be trained to make rational choices. Participants’ biases are gaussian-distributed. They do not reflect the distribution of payoffs or expected utility. We present an ACT-R model using established error distributions for temporal and visual perception and instance-based learning.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013risk-seeking, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013risk.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 12th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens and Nochenson, Alan}, editor = {West, R. and Stewart, T.}, year = {2013}, pages = {397--403} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Scerri, P. (2013). Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems. In Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 3269–3274). Berlin, Germany: Cognitive Science Society.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
In a congestion game‚ individuals exhaust a common resource out of selfish behavior. In this scenario‚ drivers create traffic jams by choosing the shortest route according to their individual knowledge. They can avoid them by communicating their belief states about the traffic situation in real-time through a peer-to-peer network‚ assuming unlimited bandwidth. We study two potential‚ cognitively inspired models of human behavior: 1) categorization (quantized memorization and communication)‚ which dampens communication and belief adoption‚ but leads to undesired oscillations and lower performance. 2) Instance-based blending with memory decay‚ which achieves good dynamics and near-optimal performance without the same bandwidth needs. We argue that this supports our hypothesis of co-adaptation of cognitive function and communicating communities.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013smooth, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013smooth.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2013}, pages = {3269--3274} }
RIS
Scerri, P., & Reitter, D. (2013). Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game. In Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{scerri2013cognitive, title = {Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/scerri2013informationsharing.pdf}, booktitle = {Workshop on {Information} {Sharing} in {Large} {Scale} {Multi}-{Agent} {Systems}, at {AAMAS} 2013}, author = {Scerri, Paul and Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
RIS
Kennedy, W. G., Reitter, D., & Amant, R. S. (Eds.). (2013). Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ottawa, Canada: BRiMS Society.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{kennedy2013proceedings, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Kennedy, William G. and Reitter, D. and Amant, Robert St}, year = {2013} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2013). Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization. Panel presented at the Methods for Communicating the Structure and Content of a Cognitive Model, at:Human Factors and Ergonomics Society International Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA.
PDF
BIB
@misc{reitter2013computational, address = {San Diego, CA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2013hfes.pdf}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
RIS
Zhao, C., Morgan, J. H., & Ritter, F. E. (2013). Understanding human high-level spatial memory: An ACT-R model to integrate multi-level spatial cues and strategies. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, 3, 1–5.
Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures
Abstract
The  ability  to  process  and  use  spatial  knowledge  is  a  basic  cognitive  ability.  Two  human  navigation  strategy  types  (map-­based  and  route-­based)  relying  on  two  different  knowledge  representations  have  been  frequently  observed.  These  studies  suggest  that  the  first  strategy  uses  a  sequential  representation  and  the  second  uses  a  hierarchical  cluster-­based  representation.  These  studies  also  suggest  that  humans  also  routinely  use  hybrid  strategies‚  and  that  the  ratio  between  cognitive  load  and  relative  utility  mediated  by  situational  factors  influences‚  and  when  modeled‚  could  successfully  predict  strategy  choice.  We  created  an  ACT-­R  model  to  test  these  hypotheses  by  simulating  navigation  strategies‚  strategy  choices‚  and  strategy  switches.  This  model  deepens  the  empirical  findings  by  defining  more  clearly  the  memory  mechanisms  involved  in  generating  the  basic  representation  types‚  and  by  positing  a  theory  of  interaction  between  these  types  based  on  ACT-­We  believe  that  such  a  work  provides  a  concrete  example  on  principles  of  these  biological  theories  can  be  implemented  and  used  in  cognitive  architectures.
PDF
BIB
@article{zhao_c._understanding_2013, title = {Understanding human high-level spatial memory: {An} {ACT}-{R} model to integrate multi-level spatial cues and strategies}, volume = {3}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoMR13.pdf}, journal = {Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures}, author = {{Zhao, C.} and {Morgan, J. H.} and {Ritter, F. E.}}, year = {2013}, pages = {1--5} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2013). Foreword. In Conte, R., Andrighetto, G., & Campennì, M. (Eds.), Minding norms: Mechanisms and dynamics of social order in agent societies (pp. ix–x). New York, NY: Oxford.
Abstract
Our behavior is influenced all the time by social norms‚ what is expected (i.e.‚ customs)‚ what is required (i.e.‚ laws)‚ and what is moral (i.e.‚ what is ethical). Other names for norms are standard operating procedures‚ regulations‚ standing orders‚ rules of engagement‚ and customs. All of the data that has been collected to develop and test theories of cognition has been collected where norms actively influenced the behavior observed. However‚ the effect of norms‚ how other agents’ expectations and behavior influence behavior‚ has not been very often addressed by cognitive models‚ architectures‚ or agent-­‐based research. As cognitive models become more social and social models become more cognitive‚ the role of norms in modeling behavior will become increasingly important. Cognitive modelers who read this book by Conte and her colleagues can learn about norms and how to include them in models. Researchers who study norms can better understand the role of simulation and norms. This book presents a theory of how norms‚ arising through interactions between individuals‚ are implemented in and by those individuals. A series of simulations using a new architecture‚ EMIL‚ help explain how bottom-­‐up and top-­‐down processes can produce emergent behavior‚ and provide lessons for work on norms (e.g.‚ how norms can arise through small interactions)‚ and for other architectures (e.g.‚ the many ways norms influence cognition). Through a thoughtful series of models‚ capabilities are added building up to a system demonstrating necessary and sufficient capabilities for the emergence and function of norms. While the models are not complete and may at times appear far from complete—for some even too incomplete to trust—more complete models will only arise through work like this and the insights it provides. Currently‚ most models just act. This work suggests that our models need to have more social cognition‚ metacognition‚ implicit reasoning‚ and reflection to filter actions making them more accurate‚ knowledge-­‐rich‚ reflective‚ and slower. Is the processing of norms done with fixed capabilities that everyone has or is it knowledge? If it is a fixed capability it belongs in the architecture‚ but untangling this capability that might have components of both types will surely be interesting‚ productive‚ and also enlightening about how humans are both cognitive
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BIB
@incollection{ritter_f._e._foreword_2013, address = {New York, NY}, title = {Foreword}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterip-conte.pdf}, booktitle = {Minding norms: {Mechanisms} and dynamics of social order in agent societies}, publisher = {Oxford}, author = {{Ritter, F. E.}}, editor = {{Conte, R.} and {Andrighetto, G.} and {Campennì, M.}}, year = {2013}, pages = {ix--x} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Yeh, K.-C. (Martin), Cohen, M. A., Weyhrauch, P., Kim, J. W., & Hobbs, J. N. (2013). Declarative to Procedural Tutors: A family of cognitive architecture-based tutors. In Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. BRIMS2013–127.  108–113). Centerville, OH: BRIMS Society.
Abstract
We have created a tutoring architecture‚ D2P (Declarative to Procedural)‚ based on ACT-R’s theory of knowledge and learning for declarative and procedural memory. D2P also draws on general theories of learning and a recent review by Kim‚ Ritter‚ and Koubek (in press). D2P provides multimedia instruction pages followed by questions‚ video‚ and/or simulations to test and proceduralise the declarative knowledge. It is implemented in XML‚ XML-based tools‚ Java‚ and COTS tools. We have created two D2P tutors. We have evaluated one‚ and it has a 1.48 effect size on learning how much to lead. We have found that modern tools help create a tutoring system; creating a tutoring architecture requires more than just the system (such as manuals and example systems); and the next steps are to test the theory of learning and use a cognitive architecture-based knowledge model to make the system adaptive.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2013declarative, address = {Centerville, OH}, title = {Declarative to {Procedural} {Tutors}: {A} family of cognitive architecture-based tutors}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterYCWKH13.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Ritter, Frank E and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin) and Cohen, Mark A and Weyhrauch, Peter and Kim, Jong W and Hobbs, J Nicholas}, year = {2013}, pages = {BRIMS2013--127. 108--113} }
RIS
Haynes, S. R., Winkler, T. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2013). Modeling meaningful use as utility in emergency medical services. In IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics 2013 (ICHI 2013) (p. Paper 29). New York, NY: IEEE.
Abstract
This   paper   describes   a   case   study   focused   on   identifying   and   modeling   opportunities   to   support   emergency   medical   services   (EMS)   with   next-­generation   interactive   technologies.   The   method   used   is   a   novel   integration   of   different   approaches   including   scenario-­based   design‚   task   analysis‚   and   utility-­based   interaction   modeling.   The   goal   of   the   project   is   to   develop  a  structured  model  of  EMS  activity  and  to  identify  where   and   how   this   activity   can   be   supported   with   current   and   emerging   information   technologies.   Of   particular   importance   is   identifying  tasks  with  the  highest  potential  for  meaningful  use  of   these  technologies.  The  SUMMIT  method  and  tool  set  is  being   used   to   model   meaningful   use   as   a   function   of   the   overall   utility   (benefits‚   costs‚   and   risks)   potentially   derived   from   technology   support.   The   paper   provides   a   description   and   rationale   for   the   approach   and   gives   lessons   learned   from   the   early   phases   of   the   project.   The   SUMMIT   approach   may   be   generally   useful   for   organizations   that   need   to   understand   how   new   interactive   technologies   might   provide   meaningful   support   for   healthcare   operations.   These   models   may   also   be   an   effective   resource   for   promoting  continuous  learning  and  reflection  on  EMS  skills.
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BIB
@inproceedings{haynes_s._r._modeling_2013, address = {New York, NY}, title = {Modeling meaningful use as utility in emergency medical services}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesWR13.pdf}, booktitle = {{IEEE} {International} {Conference} on {Healthcare} {Informatics} 2013 ({ICHI} 2013)}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {{Haynes, S. R.} and {Winkler, T. E.} and {Ritter, F. E.}}, year = {2013}, pages = {Paper 29} }
RIS

2012

Georgeon, O. L., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). An intrinsically-motivated schema mechanism to model and simulate emergent cognition. Cognitive Systems Research, 73–92.
Cognitive Systems Research
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BIB
@article{georgeon2012intrinsically-motivated, title = {An intrinsically-motivated schema mechanism to model and simulate emergent cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonRip.pdf}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Ritter, F. E.}, month = jun, year = {2012}, pages = {73--92} }
RIS
Yeh, K.-C. M., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Evaluating a Computer-Based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) Theory Driven Training Tutor.
BIB
@article{yeh2012evaluating, title = {Evaluating a {Computer}-{Based}, {Declarative} to {Procedural} ({D}2P) {Theory} {Driven} {Training} {Tutor}}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin and Ritter, Frank E}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Hsieh, P.-H., & Yeh, M. K.-C. (2012). Cultural effects on perceptions of unauthorized software copying. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 53(1), 42.
Journal of Computer Information Systems
BIB
@article{hsieh2012cultural, title = {Cultural effects on perceptions of unauthorized software copying}, volume = {53}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Computer Information Systems}, author = {Hsieh, Pei-Hsuan and Yeh, Martin K.-C.}, year = {2012}, pages = {42} }
RIS
Kaulakis, R., Zhao, C., Morgan, J. H. H., W, J., Sanford, J. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Defining factors of interest for large-scale socio-cognitive simulations. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 117–122). Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kaulakis2012defining, address = {Berlin}, title = {Defining factors of interest for large-scale socio-cognitive simulations}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaulakisZMHSR12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2012- {Eleventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Kaulakis, R. and Zhao, C. and Morgan, J. H. Hiam and W, J. and Sanford, J. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012}, pages = {117--122} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2012). Using behavior representation models in risk-driven design. Plenary talk. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference.
Abstract
Invited talk‚ plenary
link
BIB
@book{ritter2012using, title = {Using behavior representation models in risk-driven design}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter12}, publisher = {Plenary talk. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Georgeon, O., Mille, A., Bellet, T., Mathern, B., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Supporting activity modelling from activity traces. Expert Systems, 29(3), 261–275.
Expert Systems
PDF
BIB
@article{georgeon2012supporting, title = {Supporting activity modelling from activity traces}, volume = {29}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonMBMR12.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Expert Systems}, author = {Georgeon, O. and Mille, A. and Bellet, T. and Mathern, B. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012}, pages = {261--275} }
RIS
Kase, S. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Light models of civilian support in blue-red operations. In ICCRTS, 2012(17).
In ICCRTS
In ICCRTS
PDF
BIB
@article{kase2012light, title = {Light models of civilian support in blue-red operations}, volume = {2012}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseR12.pdf}, number = {17}, journal = {In ICCRTS}, author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2012). Discovering and analyzing usability dimensions of concern. ACM Transactions on CHI, 19(2).
ACM Transactions on CHI
PDF
BIB
@article{cohen2012discovering, title = {Discovering and analyzing usability dimensions of concern}, volume = {19}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH12.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {ACM Transactions on CHI}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Hobbs, J. N., Ritter, F. E., & Morgan, J. H. (2012). D2P/CLS: A Tutor for Combat Lifesavers. In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 226–227). Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{hobbs2012d2p/cls:, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {D2P/{CLS}: {A} {Tutor} for {Combat} {Lifesavers}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/hobbsRM12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Hobbs, J. N. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H.}, year = {2012}, pages = {226--227} }
RIS
Kennedy, W. G., Ritter, F. E., Lebiere, C., Juvina, I., Oltramari, A., Gratch, J., & Young, R. M. (2012). Cognitive Modeling of Processes “Beyond Rational.” In Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 55–58). Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRLJOGY12.pdf
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{kennedy2012cognitive, address = {Berlin}, title = {Cognitive {Modeling} of {Processes} “{Beyond} {Rational}”}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRLJOGY12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2012- {Eleventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Kennedy, W. G. and Ritter, F. E. and Lebiere, C. and Juvina, I. and Oltramari, A. and Gratch, J. and Young, R. M.}, year = {2012}, pages = {55--58} }
RIS
Christou, G., Ritter, F. E., & Jacob, R. J. K. (2012). CODEIN - A new notation for GOMS to handle evaluations of reality-based interaction style interfaces. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction, 28(3), 189–201.
International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
PDF
BIB
@article{christou2012codein, title = {{CODEIN} - {A} new notation for {GOMS} to handle evaluations of reality-based interaction style interfaces}, volume = {28}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJip.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction}, author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.}, year = {2012}, pages = {189--201} }
RIS
Reitter, D. (2012). Lexical language evolution in networked human groups. In Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON 2012). Chicago, IL.
Abstract
The development and refinement of natural-language communication systems among networked individuals is not well understood and difficult to study. This paper uses a task providing a controlled environment for the goal-oriented‚ collaborative exchange of short‚ natural-language messages between experimental participants (20 per group) in order to demonstrate lexical convergence. A technique for illustrating convergence based on graph layout by multidimensional scaling is described. While reliable convergence is shown‚ it is limited to the collaborative or communicative situation: participants did not adopt group terms in a separately administered post-test questionnaire.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012lexical, address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Lexical language evolution in networked human groups}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012lexical.pdf}, booktitle = {Words and {Networks}: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON} 2012)}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Diesner, J., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2012). Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012). Chicago, IL: Association for Computing Machinery.
PDF
BIB
@book{diesner2012proc., address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Proc. {Words} and {Networks} 2012: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON}2012)}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, editor = {Diesner, Jana and Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Levy, R. (Eds.). (2012). Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics.
CMCL
PDF
BIB
@book{reitter2012proc., address = {Montréal, Quebec, Canada}, title = {Proc. 3rd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W12/W12-17.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Reitter, David and Levy, Roger}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2012). Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance. In Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence (pp. 242–248).
AAAI
AAAI
Abstract
Two information decay methods are examined that help multi-agent systems cope with dynamic environments. The agents in this simulation have human-like memory and a mechanism to moderate their communications: they forget internally stored information via temporal decay‚ and they forget distributed information by filtering it as it passes through a communication network. The agents play a foraging game‚ in which performance depends on communicating facts and requests and on storing facts in internal memory. Parameters of the game and agent models are tuned to human data. Agent groups with moderated communication in small-world networks achieve optimal performance for typical human memory decay values‚ while non-adaptive agents benefit from stronger memory decay. The decay and filtering strategies interact with the properties of the network graph in ways suggestive of an evolutionary co-optimization between the human cognitive system and an external social structure.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012social, title = {Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012socialcognition.pdf}, booktitle = {Twenty-{Sixth} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2012}, pages = {242--248} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Scerri, P. (2012). Social multi-agent learning with simple and cognitive agents. Poster presented at the CAOSS 2012: Workshop on Computational and Online Social Science, New York, N.Y.
BIB
@misc{reitter2012social, address = {New York, N.Y.}, type = {Poster}, title = {Social multi-agent learning with simple and cognitive agents}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Schaffer, S., & Reitter, D. (2012). Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces. In N. Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, & H. van Rijn (Eds.), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 253–254). Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
In multimodal human computer interaction users can often select between specific input modalities. Modality choice is influenced by various factors including user attributes‚ system attributes‚ the task and the environment (e.g. Lemmelä et al.‚ 2008). Here‚ we describe on-going research into cognitive models of input modality selection.
BIB
@inproceedings{schaffer2012modeling, address = {Berlin}, title = {Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Schaffer, Stefan and Reitter, David}, editor = {Russwinkel, Nele and Drewitz, U. and Rijn, H. van}, year = {2012}, pages = {253--254} }
RIS
Dancy, C. L., Ritter, F. E., & Berry, K. (2012). Towards adding a physiological substrate to ACT-R. In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 78–85). Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{dancy2012towards, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {Towards adding a physiological substrate to {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRB12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Dancy, C. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Berry, K.}, year = {2012}, pages = {78--85} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Bittner, J. L., Kase, S. E., Evertsz, R., Pedrotti, M., & Busetta, P. (2012). CoJACK: A high-level cognitive architecture with demonstrations of moderators, variability, and implications for situation awareness. Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, 1(1), 2–13.
Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2012cojack:, title = {{CoJACK}: {A} high-level cognitive architecture with demonstrations of moderators, variability, and implications for situation awareness}, volume = {1}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBKEPBip.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bittner, J. L. and Kase, S. E. and Evertsz, R. and Pedrotti, M. and Busetta, P.}, year = {2012}, pages = {2--13} }
RIS
Zhao, C., Kaulakis, R., Morgan, J. H., Hiam, J. W., Sanford, J. P., Ritter, F. E., & Morgan, G. P. (2012). Socio-cognitive networks: Modeling the effects of space and memory on generative social structures. In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 24–31). Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2012socio-cognitive, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {Socio-cognitive networks: {Modeling} the effects of space and memory on generative social structures}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHSRM12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Sanford, J. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, G. P.}, year = {2012}, pages = {24--31} }
RIS
Zhao, C., Kaulakis, R., Morgan, J. H., Hiam, J. W., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Modeling a cognitively limited network in an agent-based simulation. In Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 2603–2608). Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2012modeling, title = {Modeling a cognitively limited network in an agent-based simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHR12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX}, author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012}, pages = {2603--2608} }
RIS
Orendovici, R., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). Social network analysis and simulation of the development of adversarial networks. In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 119–126). Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{orendovici2012social, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {Social network analysis and simulation of the development of adversarial networks}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/orendoviciR12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Orendovici, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012}, pages = {119--126} }
RIS
Yeh, K.-C., & Ritter, F. E. (2012). An initial evaluation of the D2P/MTT, a computer-based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) theory driven moving target tutor (Tech Report No. ACS 2012-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{yeh2012initial, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {An initial evaluation of the {D}2P/{MTT}, a computer-based, {Declarative} to {Procedural} ({D}2P) theory driven moving target tutor}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/yehR12.pdf}, number = {ACS 2012-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Yeh, K.-C. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012} }
RIS
Hobbs, J. N., Ritter, F. E., & Morgan, J. H. (2012). Combat Lifesaver (D2P/CLS): A lifesaving tutor for battlefield injuries (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2012-1) (p. 1). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{hobbs2012combat, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {Combat {Lifesaver} ({D}2P/{CLS}): {A} lifesaving tutor for battlefield injuries}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/hobbsRM12.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2012-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Hobbs, J. Nicholas and Ritter, Frank E. and Morgan, Jonathan H.}, year = {2012}, pages = {1} }
RIS

2011

Ritter, F. E. (2011). Diversions and Resources. Tri-Service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project Meeting, Keynote Presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground, 5(2011).
Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2011diversions, title = {Diversions and {Resources}}, volume = {5}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter11b.pdf}, number = {2011}, journal = {Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = dec, year = {2011} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). Towards Cognitive Models of Communication and Group Intelligence. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 734–739). Boston, MA.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011towards, address = {Boston, MA}, title = {Towards {Cognitive} {Models} of {Communication} and {Group} {Intelligence}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter-lebiere2011group-intelligence.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, month = jul, year = {2011}, pages = {734--739} }
RIS
Yeh, K.-C., Xie, Y., & Ke, F. (2011). Teaching computational thinking to non-computing majors using spreadsheet functions. In Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011 (p. F3J–1).
BIB
@inproceedings{yeh2011teaching, title = {Teaching computational thinking to non-computing majors using spreadsheet functions}, booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference} ({FIE}), 2011}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan and Xie, Ying and Ke, Fengfeng}, year = {2011}, pages = {F3J--1} }
RIS
Zhao, C., Hiam, J. W., Morgan, J. H., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). A multi-strategy spatial navigation model in a text-based environment. In Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 251–258). 11-BRIMS-036. 11-BRIMS-036.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2011multi-strategy, title = {A multi-strategy spatial navigation model in a text-based environment}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoHMR11.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {11-BRIMS-036. 11-BRIMS-036}, author = {Zhao, C. and Hiam, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {251--258} }
RIS
Orendovici, R. (2011). Social network analysis and simulation of the development of advisarial networks. Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA.
PDF
BIB
@phdthesis{orendovici_r._social_2011, title = {Social network analysis and simulation of the development of advisarial networks}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/orendovici11.pdf}, school = {Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA}, author = {{Orendovici, R.}}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Morita, J., Miwa, K., Maehigasi, A., Terai, H., Kojima, K., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). Modeling human-automation interaction in a unified cognitive architecture. In Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 146–153). 11-BRIMS-022. 11-BRIMS-022.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{morita2011modeling, title = {Modeling human-automation interaction in a unified cognitive architecture}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMMTKR11.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {11-BRIMS-022. 11-BRIMS-022}, author = {Morita, J. and Miwa, K. and Maehigasi, A. and Terai, H. and Kojima, K. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {146--153} }
RIS
Park, S.-H., Suh, I. H., Chien, J.-H., Paik, J.-H., Ritter, F. E., Oleynikov, D., & Siu, K.-C. (2011). Modeling surgical skill learning with cognitive simulation. In J. D. W. et al (Ed.), Medicine meets virtual reality 18 (pp. 428–432). IOS Press.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{park2011modeling, title = {Modeling surgical skill learning with cognitive simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/parkSCPROS11.pdf}, booktitle = {Medicine meets virtual reality 18}, publisher = {IOS Press}, author = {Park, S-H. and Suh, I. H. and Chien, J-H. and Paik, J-H. and Ritter, F. E. and Oleynikov, D. and Siu, K-C.}, editor = {al, J. D. Westwood et}, year = {2011}, pages = {428--432} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Schoelles, M. J., Quigley, K. S., & Klein, L. C. (2011). Determining the number of model runs: Treating cognitive models as theories by not sampling their behavior. In S. Narayanan & L. Rothrock (Eds.), Human-in-the-loop simulations: Methods and practice (pp. 97–116). London: Springer-Verlag.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2011determining, address = {London}, title = {Determining the number of model runs: {Treating} cognitive models as theories by not sampling their behavior}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSQKip.pdf}, booktitle = {Human-in-the-loop simulations: {Methods} and practice}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M. J. and Quigley, K. S. and Klein, L. C.}, editor = {Narayanan, S. and Rothrock, L.}, year = {2011}, pages = {97--116} }
RIS
Kennedy, G. W., Ritter, F. E., & Best, B. J. (2011). Behavioral representation in modeling and simulation introduction to CMOT special issue - BRiMS 2010. Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory, 17, 225–228.
Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory
PDF
BIB
@article{kennedy2011behavioral, title = {Behavioral representation in modeling and simulation introduction to {CMOT} special issue - {BRiMS} 2010}, volume = {17}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRB11.pdf}, journal = {Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory}, author = {Kennedy, G. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Best, B. J.}, year = {2011}, pages = {225--228} }
RIS
Fang, Q., Liu, P., Yen, J., H., M. J., Shemanski, D. R., & Ritter, F. (2011). Analyzing intelligence on WMD attacks using threaded event-based simulation. In Critical Infrastructure Protection V: 5th IFIP WG 11 (pp. 23–25). 10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. : Heidelberg, Germany10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany: Springer.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{fang2011analyzing, address = {10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. : Heidelberg, Germany10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany}, title = {Analyzing intelligence on {WMD} attacks using threaded event-based simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/fangLYMSRip.pdf}, booktitle = {Critical {Infrastructure} {Protection} {V}: 5th {IFIP} {WG} 11}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Fang, Q. and Liu, P. and Yen, J. and H., M. J. and Shemanski, D. R. and Ritter, F.}, year = {2011}, pages = {23--25} }
RIS
Keller, F., & Reitter, D. (Eds.). (2011). Proc. 2nd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Portland, OR, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics.
PDF
BIB
@book{keller2011proc., address = {Portland, OR, USA}, title = {Proc. 2nd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Keller, Frank and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model. Cognitive Systems Research, 12(2), 175–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005
Cognitive Systems Research
Abstract
We simulate the evolution of a domain vocabulary in small communities. Empirical data show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language. We propose that simulations of such cultural evolution incorporate properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). A cognitive model is described that encodes abstract concepts with small sets of concrete‚ related concepts (directing)‚ and that also decodes such signs (matching). Learning captures conventionalized signs. Relatedness of concepts is characterized by a mixture of shared and individual knowledge‚ which we sample from a text corpus. Simulations show vocabulary convergence of agent communities of varied structure‚ but idiosyncrasy in vocabularies of each dyad of models. Convergence is weakened when agents do not alternate between encoding and decoding‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication. Convergence is improved by explicit feedback about communicative success. We hypothesize that humans seek out subtle clues to gauge success in order to guide their vocabulary acquisition.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2011how, title = {How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: {A} cognitive multi-agent model}, volume = {12}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011domainvocabulary.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {175--185} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Sycara, K., Lebiere, C., Vinokurov, Y., Juarez, A., & Lewis, M. (2011). How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks. In Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (BRIMS) (pp. 138–145). Sundance, UT.
Abstract
In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ we study the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of teams and of individuals in different positions within a network. This design provides an experimental model of human communities‚ where information may spread from peer to peer by word of mouth. With this model‚ we explain the realistic tradeoff between liberal information dumping and targeted information sharing by human peers. Human subjects exchanged natural-language messages with relevance to a task‚ thereby sharing knowledge across a community. Communication took place along the edges of a small-world graph. Cooperation and individual efforts were incentivized. In one condition‚ participants were asked to request specific information and only supply information that they knew was needed. In another condition‚ they were asked to supply and forward as much information as possible. We found that a targeted communication policy was successfully implemented by the participants‚ increased task success‚ shortened the time it took to get answers to questions‚ increased efficiency (task success per communication bandwidth)‚ and may have done so selectively for nodes with fewer connections.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011how, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011policies.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Reitter, David and Sycara, Katia and Lebiere, Christian and Vinokurov, Yury and Juarez, Antonio and Lewis, Michael}, year = {2011}, pages = {138--145} }
RIS
Reitter, D., Keller, F., & Moore, J. D. (2011). A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming. Cognitive Science, 35(4), 587–637. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x
Cognitive Science
Abstract
The psycholinguistic literature has identified two syntactic adaptation effects in language production: rapidly decaying short-term priming and long-lasting adaptation. To explain both effects‚ we present an ACT-R model of syntactic priming based on a wide-coverage‚ lexicalized syntactic theory that explains priming as facilitation of lexical access. In this model‚ two well-established ACT-R mechanisms‚ base-level learning and spreading activation‚ account for long-term adaptation and short-term priming‚ respectively. Our model simulates incremental language production and in a series of modeling studies we show that it accounts for (a) the inverse frequency interaction; (b) the absence of a decay in long-term priming; and (c) the cumulativity of long-term adaptation. The model also explains the lexical boost effect and the fact that it only applies to short-term priming. We also present corpus data that verifies a prediction of the model‚ i.e.‚ that the lexical boost affects all lexical material‚ rather than just heads.
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BIB
@article{reitter2011computational, title = {A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming}, volume = {35}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011syntacticpriming.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x}, number = {4}, journal = {Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2011}, pages = {587--637} }
RIS
Reitter, D., & Lebiere, C. (2011). Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 734–739). Boston, MA: Cognitive Science Society.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
In social tasks‚ communication and task execution are often co-dependent‚ yet they represent a tradeoff. We present a cognitive model of an experimental task consisting of a collaborative and competitive game played by groups of human participants organized in a smallworld graph. In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of networked participants was observed. The model follows the ACT-R theory and provides a formalization of the decision-making processes and tradeoffs involved. A simulation of the hypothetical case of unnatural memory decay shows decreased performance and supports a prediction of the thesis that memory limitations have co-evolved with social structure.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011towards, address = {Boston, MA}, title = {Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter-lebiere2011group-intelligence.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {734--739} }
RIS
Mason, W., Reitter, D., Coman, A., & Hirst, B. (2011). Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena. Talk presented at the Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science, Washington, D.C.
BIB
@misc{mason2011cognition, address = {Washington, D.C.}, type = {Talk}, title = {Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena}, author = {Mason, Winter and Reitter, David and Coman, Alin and Hirst, Bill}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Gonzalez, C., Lebiere, C., Juvina, I., Erev, I., Zinkevich, M., & Reitter, D. (2011). Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks. In Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS). Provo, UT.
BIB
@inproceedings{gonzalez2011scaling, address = {Provo, UT}, title = {Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Juvina, Ion and Erev, Ido and Zinkevich, Martin and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Lothian, J. M. (2011). High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling (Tech Report No. ACS 2011-2). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{lothian2011high, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/lothian11.pdf}, number = {ACS 2011-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Lothian, J. M.}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Morita, J., Miwa, K., Kojima, K., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). Modeling decision making on the use of automatation. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1971–1976). Austin, TX.
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BIB
@inproceedings{morita2011modeling, address = {Austin, TX}, title = {Modeling decision making on the use of automatation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMKR11.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}. {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Morita, J. and Miwa, K. and Kojima, K. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {1971--1976} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Kim, J. W., Morgan, J. H., & Carlson, R. A. (2011). Practical aspects of running experiments with human participants. Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII, 119–128.
Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII
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BIB
@article{ritter2011practical, title = {Practical aspects of running experiments with human participants}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKMC11.pdf}, journal = {Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Carlson, R. A.}, year = {2011}, pages = {119--128} }
RIS
Yeh, K.-C., & Chen, W.-F. (2011). Work in progress—Using a computer gaming strategy to facilitate undergraduates’ learning in a computer programming course: An experimental study. In Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011 (p. S4H–1).
BIB
@inproceedings{yeh2011work, title = {Work in progress—{Using} a computer gaming strategy to facilitate undergraduates' learning in a computer programming course: {An} experimental study}, booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference} ({FIE}), 2011}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan and Chen, Wei-Fan}, year = {2011}, pages = {S4H--1} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2011). Risk-driven design. HCI Consortium Workshop, June.
HCI Consortium Workshop, June
link
BIB
@article{ritter2011risk-driven, title = {Risk-driven design}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter12}, journal = {HCI Consortium Workshop, June}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Yeh, K.-C. M. (2011). Modeling pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on a mobile device to help caffeine users. In Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Directing the Future of Adaptive Systems (pp. 528–535). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2011modeling, title = {Modeling pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on a mobile device to help caffeine users}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY11.pdf}, booktitle = {Foundations of {Augmented} {Cognition}. {Directing} the {Future} of {Adaptive} {Systems}}, publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg}, author = {Ritter, Frank E and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin}, year = {2011}, pages = {528--535} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Dancy, C., & Berry, K. (2011). The case for including physiology in cognitive modeling. In Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures. 303. IOS Press: Amsterdam303. IOS Press: Amsterdam.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2011case, title = {The case for including physiology in cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterDB11.pdf}, booktitle = {Biologically {Inspired} {Cognitive} {Architectures}}, publisher = {303. IOS Press: Amsterdam303. IOS Press: Amsterdam}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Dancy, C. and Berry, K.}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Qiu, B., Ivanova, K., Yen, J., Liu, P., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). Event-driven modeling of social networks. Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems, 1(1), 13–32.
Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems
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BIB
@article{qiu2011event-driven, title = {Event-driven modeling of social networks}, volume = {1}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/qiuIYLR11.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems}, author = {Qiu, B. and Ivanova, K. and Yen, J. and Liu, P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {13--32} }
RIS
Shemanski, D. R. (2011). Stop the terrorists! Team-based simulation of an international terrorist plot to acquire and use a weapon of mass destruction (Tech Report No. ACS 2011-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
link
BIB
@techreport{shemanski2011stop, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Stop the terrorists! {Team}-based simulation of an international terrorist plot to acquire and use a weapon of mass destruction}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/}, number = {ACS 2011-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Shemanski, D. R.}, year = {2011} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Morgan, J. H., Hiam, J. W., & Kim, J. W. (2011). The Moving Target Tutor (MTT) – Teaching the declarative knowledge to shoot moving targets (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2011-5) (p. 2). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2011moving, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {The {Moving} {Target} {Tutor} ({MTT}) – {Teaching} the declarative knowledge to shoot moving targets}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterMHK11.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2011-5}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Kim, J. W.}, year = {2011}, pages = {2} }
RIS
Hiam, J., Zhao, C., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). VIPER: A text-based environment for intelligent agents (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2011-4) (p. 2). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{hiam2011viper:, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {{VIPER}: {A} text-based environment for intelligent agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/hiamZR11.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2011-4}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Hiam, J. and Zhao, C. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {2} }
RIS
Sanford, J., & Ritter, F. E. (2011). Minimally invasive surgery simulator – Testing motor skill acquisition (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2011-3) (p. 1). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{sanford2011minimally, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {Minimally invasive surgery simulator – {Testing} motor skill acquisition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/sanfordR11.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2011-3}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Sanford, J. and Ritter, F.E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {1} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2011). Some useful papers for agent-based cognitive modeling (Tech Report No. ACS 2011-3). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2011useful, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Some useful papers for agent-based cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritter11.pdf}, number = {ACS 2011-3}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. et al.}, year = {2011} }
RIS

2010

Yeh, K.-C. M., Gregory, J. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). One Laptop per Child: Polishing up the XO Laptop user experience. Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications, 18(3), 8–13.
Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications
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BIB
@article{yeh2010one, title = {One {Laptop} per {Child}: {Polishing} up the {XO} {Laptop} user experience}, volume = {18}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/yehGR10.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin and Gregory, Jonah P and Ritter, Frank E}, year = {2010}, pages = {8--13} }
RIS
Stark, R. F. (2010). Aiding the user input to virtual training environments: Virtual role players with speech and gesture recognition (Unpublished MS thesis, Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State University, University Park, PA).
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BIB
@phdthesis{stark_r._f._aiding_2010, type = {Unpublished {MS} thesis, {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}, {Penn} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}}, title = {Aiding the user input to virtual training environments: {Virtual} role players with speech and gesture recognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stark10.pdf}, author = {{Stark, R. F.}}, year = {2010} }
RIS
Baumann, M. R. K., Krems, J. F., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). Learning from examples does not prevent order effects in belief revision. Thinking & Reasoning, 16(2), 98–130.
Thinking & Reasoning
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BIB
@article{baumann2010learning, title = {Learning from examples does not prevent order effects in belief revision}, volume = {16}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baumannKRip.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Thinking \& Reasoning}, author = {Baumann, M. R. K. and Krems, J. F. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010}, pages = {98--130} }
RIS
Velazquez, M. A., & Frank E. Ritter, F. E. (2010). External factors affecting perceived usability: A closer look at the effect of emotion prior to interaction. In the 7th International Conference on Design & Emotion. Chicago: IIT Institute of Design: , IL. IIT Institute of Design: Chicago, IL.
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BIB
@inproceedings{velazquez2010external, address = {Chicago}, title = {External factors affecting perceived usability: {A} closer look at the effect of emotion prior to interaction}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/velaquezR10.pdf}, booktitle = {the 7th {International} {Conference} on {Design} \& {Emotion}}, publisher = {IIT Institute of Design: , IL. IIT Institute of Design: Chicago, IL}, author = {Velazquez, M. A. and Frank E. Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010} }
RIS
Kennedy, W. G., Ritter, F. E., & Best, B. J. (2010). Behavioral Representation in Modeling and Simulation Introduction to CMOT Special Issue - BRiMS 2009. Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 16(3), 217–219.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
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BIB
@article{kennedy2010behavioral, title = {Behavioral {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation} {Introduction} to {CMOT} {Special} {Issue} - {BRiMS} 2009}, volume = {16}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRBip.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Kennedy, W. G. and Ritter, F. E. and Best, B. J.}, year = {2010}, pages = {217--219} }
RIS
Georgeon, O. L., Morgan, J. H., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). An algorithm for self-motivated hierarchical sequence learning. In D. D. Salvucci & G. Gunzelmann (Eds.) (pp. 73–78). Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.
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BIB
@incollection{georgeon2010algorithm, title = {An algorithm for self-motivated hierarchical sequence learning}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonMR10.pdf}, publisher = {Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling}, author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Salvucci, D. D. and Gunzelmann, G.}, year = {2010}, pages = {73--78} }
RIS
Zhao, C., Paik, J., Morgan, J. H., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). Validating a high level behavioral representation language (Herbal): A docking study between for ACT-R. In Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures. Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press.
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BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2010validating, title = {Validating a high level behavioral representation language ({Herbal}): {A} docking study between for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoPMR10.pdf}, booktitle = {Biologically {Inspired} {Cognitive} {Architectures}}, publisher = {Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press}, author = {Zhao, C. and Paik, J. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010} }
RIS
Paik, J., Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., Morgan, J. H., Haynes, S. R., & Cohen, M. A. (2010). Building large learning models with Herbal. In D. D. Salvucci & G. Gunzelmann (Eds.) (pp. 187–191). Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.
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BIB
@incollection{paik2010building, title = {Building large learning models with {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKRMHC10.pdf}, publisher = {Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling}, author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A.}, editor = {Salvucci, D. D. and Gunzelmann, G.}, year = {2010}, pages = {187--191} }
RIS
Klein, L. C., Bennett, J. M., Whetzel, C. A., Granger, D. A., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). Caffeine and stress alter salivary α-Amylase levels in young men. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 25, 359–367.
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
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BIB
@article{klein2010caffeine, title = {Caffeine and stress alter salivary α-{Amylase} levels in young men}, volume = {25}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kleinBWGR10.pdf}, journal = {Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental}, author = {Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Granger, D. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010}, pages = {359--367} }
RIS
Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2010). Applying software engineering to agent development. AI Magazine, 31(2), 25–44.
AI Magazine
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BIB
@article{cohen2010applying, title = {Applying software engineering to agent development}, volume = {31}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRHip.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {AI Magazine}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2010}, pages = {25--44} }
RIS
Morgan, J. H., Morgan, G. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2010). A preliminary model of participation for small groups. Computational and Mathematical Organization Science, 16, 246–270.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Science
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BIB
@article{morgan2010preliminary, title = {A preliminary model of participation for small groups}, volume = {16}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganMRip.pdf}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Science}, author = {Morgan, J. H. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010}, pages = {246--270} }
RIS

2009

Haynes, S. R., Cohen, M. A., & Ritter, F. E. (2009). Design patterns for explaining intelligent systems. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 67(1), 99–110.
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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BIB
@article{haynes2009design, title = {Design patterns for explaining intelligent systems}, volume = {67}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesCR09.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies}, author = {Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {99--110} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2009). Two cognitive modeling frontiers: Emotions and usability. Journal of Japanese AI Research, 24(2), 241–249.
Journal of Japanese AI Research
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BIB
@article{ritter2009two, title = {Two cognitive modeling frontiers: {Emotions} and usability}, volume = {24}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09b.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Japanese AI Research}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {241--249} }
RIS
Kase, S. E., Ritter, F. E., & Schoelles, M. (2009). Serial subtraction errors revealed. In Proceedings of the 31th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1551–1556). Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kase2009serial, title = {Serial subtraction errors revealed}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS09b.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX}, author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2009}, pages = {1551--1556} }
RIS
Evertsz, R., Pedrotti, M., Busetta, P., Acar, H., & Ritter, F. E. (2009). Populating VBS2 with realistic virtual actors. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 1–8). 09-BRIMS-04. 09-BRIMS-04.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{evertsz2009populating, title = {Populating {VBS}2 with realistic virtual actors}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszPBAR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {09-BRIMS-04. 09-BRIMS-04}, author = {Evertsz, R. and Pedrotti, M. and Busetta, P. and Acar, H. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {1--8} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2009). Tutorial on: Human-system integration in the system development process: A new look. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. EnglandManchester, England: Manchester.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2009tutorial, address = {EnglandManchester, England}, title = {Tutorial on: {Human}-system integration in the system development process: {A} new look}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09d.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009} }
RIS
Kase, S., & Ritter, F. E. (2009). A high performance approach to model calibration and validation. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 39–46). 09-BRIMS-10. 09-BRIMS-10.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kase2009high, title = {A high performance approach to model calibration and validation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {09-BRIMS-10. 09-BRIMS-10}, author = {Kase, S. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {39--46} }
RIS
Paik, J., Kim, J. W., & Ritter, F. E. (2009). A preliminary ACT-R compiler in Herbal. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 466–467). England. Manchester, England: Manchester.
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BIB
@inproceedings{paik2009preliminary, address = {England. Manchester, England}, title = {A preliminary {ACT}-{R} compiler in {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {466--467} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2009). 認知モデリングける二つのフロンティア. 感情とユーザビリティ (Two  cognitive modeling frontiers: Emotions and usability). 認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial  Intelligence), 24(2), 245–252. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09c.pdf
認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence)
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2009., title = {認知モデリングける二つのフロンティア. 感情とユーザビリティ ({Two} cognitive modeling frontiers: {Emotions} and usability)}, volume = {24}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09c.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence)}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, translator = {Morita, J.}, year = {2009}, pages = {245--252} }
RIS
Yeh, K.-C. (2009). Toward Understanding the Cognitive Processes of Software Design in Novice Programmers. Pennsylvania State University.
BIB
@phdthesis{yeh2009toward, title = {Toward {Understanding} the {Cognitive} {Processes} of {Software} {Design} in {Novice} {Programmers}}, school = {Pennsylvania State University}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan}, year = {2009} }
RIS
Friedrich, M. B., & Frank E. Ritter, F. E. (2009). Reimplementing a diagrammatic reasoning model in Herbal. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 438–439). England. Manchester, England: Manchester.
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BIB
@inproceedings{friedrich2009reimplementing, address = {England. Manchester, England}, title = {Reimplementing a diagrammatic reasoning model in {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/friedrichR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Friedrich, M. B. and Frank E. Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {438--439} }
RIS
Georgeon, O. L., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2009). Modeling bottom-up learning from activity in Soar. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 65–72). 09-BRIMS-16. 09-BRIMS-16.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{georgeon2009modeling, title = {Modeling bottom-up learning from activity in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonRH09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {09-BRIMS-16. 09-BRIMS-16}, author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2009}, pages = {65--72} }
RIS
Yeh, K.-C. (2009). Using an educational computer game as a motivational tool for supplemental instruction delivery for novice programmers in learning computer programming. In Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (Vol. 2009, pp. 1611–1616).
BIB
@inproceedings{yeh2009using, title = {Using an educational computer game as a motivational tool for supplemental instruction delivery for novice programmers in learning computer programming}, volume = {2009}, booktitle = {Society for {Information} {Technology} \& {Teacher} {Education} {International} {Conference}}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan}, year = {2009}, pages = {1611--1616} }
RIS
Kase, S. E., Ritter, F. E., & Schoelles, M. (2009). Caffeine’s effect on appraisal and mental arithmetic performance: A cognitive modeling approach tells us more. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 39–46). Manchester, England.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kase2009caffeines, address = {Manchester, England}, title = {Caffeine's effect on appraisal and mental arithmetic performance: {A} cognitive modeling approach tells us more}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2009}, pages = {39--46} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Kase, S. E., Klein, L. C., Bennett, J., & Schoelles, M. (2009). Fitting a model to behavior tells us what changes cognitively when under stress and with caffeine (Technical Report). In Proceedings of the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Symposium at the AAAI Fall Syposium. Keynote presentation.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2009fitting, type = {Technical {Report}}, title = {Fitting a model to behavior tells us what changes cognitively when under stress and with caffeine}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKKBS09.pdf}, institution = {In Proceedings of the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Symposium at the AAAI Fall Syposium. Keynote presentation}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kase, S. E. and Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2009} }
RIS
Morgan, J. H., Morgan, G. P., Ritter, F. E., & Poncelin de Raucourt, V. (2009). A preliminary model of participation. In Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 129–136). 09-BRIMS-27. 09-BRIMS-27.
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BIB
@inproceedings{morgan2009preliminary, title = {A preliminary model of participation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganMRip.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {09-BRIMS-27. 09-BRIMS-27}, author = {Morgan, J. H. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Poncelin de Raucourt, V.}, year = {2009}, pages = {129--136} }
RIS
Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2009). Evaluating design: A formative evaluation of agent development environments used for teaching rule-based programming. In The Proceedings of the Information Systems Education Conference 2009 (pp. 1542–7382). Washington: v 26 ( DC): §1754. ISSN:v 26 (Washington DC): §1754. ISSN.
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BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2009evaluating, address = {Washington}, title = {Evaluating design: {A} formative evaluation of agent development environments used for teaching rule-based programming}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH09.pdf}, booktitle = {The {Proceedings} of the {Information} {Systems} {Education} {Conference} 2009}, publisher = {v 26 ( DC): §1754. ISSN:v 26 (Washington DC): §1754. ISSN}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2009}, pages = {1542--7382} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Kim, J. W., & Morgan, J. H. (2009). Running behavioral experiments with human participants: A practical guide (Tech Report No. ACS 2009-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2009running, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Running behavioral experiments with human participants: {A} practical guide}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterKM09.pdf}, number = {ACS 2009-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H.}, year = {2009} }
RIS

2008

Ritter, F. E. (2008). High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior. The USMA Network Science Workshop, 15–17.
The USMA Network Science Workshop
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BIB
@article{ritter2008high-level, title = {High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter08b.pdf}, journal = {The USMA Network Science Workshop}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = oct, year = {2008}, pages = {15--17} }
RIS
Friedrich, M. B. (2008). Implementierung von schematischen Denkstrategien in einer höheren Programmiersprache: Erweitern und Testen der vorhandenen Resultate durch Erfassen von zusätzlichen Daten und das Erstellen von weiteren Strategien (Implementing diagrammatic reasoning strategies in a high level language: Extending and testing the existing model results by gathering additional data and creating additional strategies). Faculty of Information Systems and Applied Computer Science, University of Bamberg, Germany.
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BIB
@phdthesis{friedrich_m._b._implementierung_2008, title = {Implementierung von schematischen {Denkstrategien} in einer höheren {Programmiersprache}: {Erweitern} und {Testen} der vorhandenen {Resultate} durch {Erfassen} von zusätzlichen {Daten} und das {Erstellen} von weiteren {Strategien} ({Implementing} diagrammatic reasoning strategies in a high level language: {Extending} and testing the existing model results by gathering additional data and creating additional strategies). {Faculty} of {Information} {Systems} and {Applied} {Computer} {Science}, {University} of {Bamberg}, {Germany}.}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/friedrich08.pdf}, author = {{Friedrich, M. B.}}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Kase, S., Ritter, F. E., & Scholles, M. (2008). From modeler-free individual data fitting to 3-D parametric prediction landscapes: A research expedition. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1398–1403). Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kase2008modeler-free, title = {From modeler-free individual data fitting to 3-{D} parametric prediction landscapes: {A} research expedition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX}, author = {Kase, S. and Ritter, F. E. and Scholles, M.}, year = {2008}, pages = {1398--1403} }
RIS
Evertsz, R., Ritter, F. E., Busetta, P., & Pedrotti, M. (2008). Realistic behaviour variation in a BDI-based cognitive architecture. In Proceedings of the SimTecT ’08 Conference. SIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, AustraliaSIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia.
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BIB
@inproceedings{evertsz2008realistic, title = {Realistic behaviour variation in a {BDI}-based cognitive architecture}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszRBP08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {SimTecT} '08 {Conference}}, publisher = {SIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, AustraliaSIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia}, author = {Evertsz, R. and Ritter, F. E. and Busetta, P. and Pedrotti, M.}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Christou, G., Ritter, F. E., & Jacob, R. J. K. (2008). Modeling prehensile actions for the evaluation of tangible user interfaces. In Proceedings of ITI 08 International Conference of Information Technology Interfaces. Croatia. IEEE XploreCavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia. IEEE Xplore: Cavtat/Dubrovnik.
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BIB
@inproceedings{christou2008modeling, address = {Croatia. IEEE XploreCavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia. IEEE Xplore}, title = {Modeling prehensile actions for the evaluation of tangible user interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJ08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ITI} 08 {International} {Conference} of {Information} {Technology} {Interfaces}}, publisher = {Cavtat/Dubrovnik}, author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Bibby, P. A. (2008). Modeling how, when, and what learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task. Cognitive Science, 32, 862–892.
Cognitive Science
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BIB
@article{ritter2008modeling, title = {Modeling how, when, and what learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task}, volume = {32}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBip.pdf}, journal = {Cognitive Science}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.}, year = {2008}, pages = {862--892} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2008). dTank: A lightweight synthetic environment for teaching and theoretical research. In J. Hansberger (Ed.), Human Behavioral Synthetic Research Environments (HB-SRE) Symposium. In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, 08-BRIMS-034. U. of Central Florida: Orlando, FL.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2008dtank:, address = {In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, 08-BRIMS-034. U. of Central Florida}, title = {{dTank}: {A} lightweight synthetic environment for teaching and theoretical research}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter08.pdf}, booktitle = {Human {Behavioral} {Synthetic} {Research} {Environments} ({HB}-{SRE}) {Symposium}}, publisher = {Orlando, FL}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Hansberger, J.}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2008). Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: A modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability (Tech Report No. ACS 2008-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2008frontiers, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: {A} modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritter08c.pdf}, number = {ACS 2008-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Kim, J. W. (2008). Procedural skills: From learning to forgetting. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA (Tech Report No. ACS 2008-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{kim2008procedural, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Procedural skills: {From} learning to forgetting. {Unpublished} {Doctoral} {Dissertation}, {The} {Pennsylvania} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kim08.pdf}, number = {ACS 2008-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kim, J. W.}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Haynes, S. R., Kannampallil, T. G., Cohen, M. A., Soares, A., & Ritter, F. E. (2008). Rampart: A service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation. In Proceedings of the First European Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (pp. 260–270). Berlin: Springer.
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BIB
@inproceedings{haynes2008rampart:, address = {Berlin}, title = {Rampart: {A} service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesKCR08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {European} {Conference} on {Intelligence} and {Security} {Informatics}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Haynes, S. R. and Kannampallil, T. G. and Cohen, M. A. and Soares, A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2008}, pages = {260--270} }
RIS
Carroll, J. M., Haynes, S. R., Ritter, F. E., Rosson, M. B., & Zhang, X. L. (2008). The d-school in the i-school: HCI and design research. iConference, 2008.
iConference
BIB
@article{carroll2008d-school, title = {The d-school in the i-school: {HCI} and design research}, volume = {2008}, journal = {iConference}, author = {Carroll, J. M. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Rosson, M. B. and Zhang, X. L.}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Evertsz, R., Busetta, P., Pedrotti, M., Ritter, F. E., & Bittner, J. L. (2008). CoJACK - Achieving principled behaviour variation in a moderated cognitive architecture. In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.
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BIB
@inproceedings{evertsz2008cojack, title = {{CoJACK} - {Achieving} principled behaviour variation in a moderated cognitive architecture}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszBPRB08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Evertsz, R. and Busetta, P. and Pedrotti, M. and Ritter, F. E. and Bittner, J. L.}, year = {2008} }
RIS
Klein, L. C., Bennett, J. M., Whetzel, C. A., & Ritter, F. E. (2008). Daily caffeine use impacts neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress in healthy men. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD, 70(3).
Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD
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BIB
@article{klein2008daily, title = {Daily caffeine use impacts neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress in healthy men}, volume = {70}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kleinBWR08.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD}, author = {Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2008} }
RIS

2007

Pew, R. W., Mavor, A. S., & Committee Human-System Design Support for Changing Technology (Ritter was member) (Eds.). (2007). A new approach to system design using risk in human-system integration. National Academy Press. Washington DC: National Research Council.
link
BIB
@book{pew2007new, address = {National Academy Press. Washington DC}, title = {A new approach to system design using risk in human-system integration}, url = {http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11893}, publisher = {National Research Council}, editor = {Pew, Richard W. and Mavor, Anne S. and Committee Human-System Design Support for Changing Technology (Ritter was member)}, year = {2007} }
RIS
Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2007). Using reflective learning to master opponent strategy in a competative environment (pp. 157–162). Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press.
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BIB
@incollection{cohen2007using, address = {Oxford, UK}, title = {Using reflective learning to master opponent strategy in a competative environment}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH07.pdf}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2007}, pages = {157--162} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2007). The rise of cognitive architectures. In I. Models (Ed.). v-vi. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007rise, address = {v-vi. New York, NY}, title = {The rise of cognitive architectures}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter07.pdf}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Models, Integrated}, year = {2007} }
RIS
Bernard, M. L., Forsythe, J. C., Allender, L., Cohn, J., Radvansky, G., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). The next generation of cognitive modeling tools: Opportunities, challenges and basic needs. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (pp. 799–801). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
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BIB
@inproceedings{bernard2007next, title = {The next generation of cognitive modeling tools: {Opportunities}, challenges and basic needs}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bernardFACRR07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Factors} and {Ergonomics} {Society}}, publisher = {Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society}, author = {Bernard, M. L. and Forsythe, J. C. and Allender, L. and Cohn, J. and Radvansky, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {799--801} }
RIS
Nerb, J., Ritter, F. E., & Langley, P. (2007). Rules of order: Process models of human learning. In F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O’Shea, & E. Lehtinen (Eds.), In order to learn: How the sequences of topics affect learning (pp. 57–69). Oxford University Press.
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BIB
@incollection{nerb2007rules, title = {Rules of order: {Process} models of human learning}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nerbRL07.pdf}, booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequences of topics affect learning}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Nerb, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Langley, P.}, editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {57--69} }
RIS
Evertsz, R., Ritter, F. E., Russell, S., & Shepherdson, D. (2007). Modeling rules of engagement in computer-generated forces. In Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 123–134). Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021.
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BIB
@inproceedings{evertsz2007modeling, title = {Modeling rules of engagement in computer-generated forces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszRRS07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021}, author = {Evertsz, R. and Ritter, F. E. and Russell, S. and Shepherdson, D.}, year = {2007}, pages = {123--134} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L., Klein, L. C., & Schoelles, M. (2007). Lessons from defining theories of stress (pp. 254–262). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007lessons, address = {New York, NY}, title = {Lessons from defining theories of stress}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterRKS07.pdf}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. L. and Klein, L. C. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2007}, pages = {254--262} }
RIS
Kim, J. W., Koubek, R. J., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). Investigation of procedural skills degradation from different modalities (pp. 255–260). Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press.
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BIB
@incollection{kim2007investigation, address = {Oxford, UK}, title = {Investigation of procedural skills degradation from different modalities}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimKR07.pdf}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Koubek, R. J. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {255--260} }
RIS
Kase, S. E., Ritter, F. E., & Schoelles, M. (2007). Using HPC and PGAs to optimize noisy computational models of cognition. In Proceedings of International Joint Conferences on Computer. and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007Information, and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007: Information.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kase2007using, address = {and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007Information, and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007}, title = {Using {HPC} and {PGAs} to optimize noisy computational models of cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {International} {Joint} {Conferences} on {Computer}}, publisher = {Information}, author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2007} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Schoelles, M., Klein, L. C., & Kase, S. E. (2007). Modeling the range of performance on the serial subtraction task (pp. 299–304). Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007modeling, address = {Oxford, UK}, title = {Modeling the range of performance on the serial subtraction task}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSKK07.pdf}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M. and Klein, L. C. and Kase, S. E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {299--304} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Nerb, J., & Lehtinen, E. (2007). Getting things in order: Collecting and analysing data on learning. In F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O’Shea, & E. Lehtinen (Eds.), In order to learn: How the sequence of topics influence learning (pp. 81–92). New York, New York: Oxford University Press.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007getting, address = {New York, New York}, title = {Getting things in order: {Collecting} and analysing data on learning}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterNL07.pdf}, booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequence of topics influence learning}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and Lehtinen, E.}, editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {81--92} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Nerb, J. (2007). Call to order: How sequence effects in humans and artificial systems illuminate each other. In F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O’Shea, & E. Lehtinen (Eds.), In order to learn: How the sequences of topics affect learning (pp. 3–15). Oxford University Press.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007call, title = {Call to order: {How} sequence effects in humans and artificial systems illuminate each other}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterN07.pdf}, booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequences of topics affect learning}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J.}, editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {3--15} }
RIS
Kim, J., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). Automatically recording keystrokes in public clusters with RUI: Issues and sample answers. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kim2007automatically, title = {Automatically recording keystrokes in public clusters with {RUI}: {Issues} and sample answers}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimR07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Kim, J. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2007} }
RIS
St. Amant, R., McBride, S. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). AI support for building cognitive models. In Proceedings of the Twenty-First National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-06) (pp. 1663–1666). Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press.
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BIB
@inproceedings{st._amant_ai_2007, title = {{AI} support for building cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantMR06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Twenty}-{First} {National} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} ({AAAI}-06)}, publisher = {Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press}, author = {St. Amant, R. and McBride, S. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {1663--1666} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Kukreja, U., & St. Amant, R. (2007). Including a model of visual processing with a cognitive architecture to model a simple teleoperation task. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 1(2), 121–147.
Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making
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BIB
@article{ritter2007including, title = {Including a model of visual processing with a cognitive architecture to model a simple teleoperation task}, volume = {1}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKSA07.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kukreja, U. and St. Amant, R.}, year = {2007}, pages = {121--147} }
RIS
St. Amant, R., Horton, T. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2007). Model-based evaluation of expert cell phone menu interaction. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 14(1).
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
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BIB
@article{st._amant_model-based_2007, title = {Model-based evaluation of expert cell phone menu interaction}, volume = {14}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantHR07.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {St. Amant, R. and Horton, T. E. and Ritter, F. E.}, month = may, year = {2007} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Kase, S. E., Bhandarkar, D., Lewis, B., & Cohen, M. A. (2007). dTank updated: Steps towards exploring moderator-influenced behavior in a light-weight synthetic environment. In Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 51–60). 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2007dtank, title = {{dTank} updated: {Steps} towards exploring moderator-influenced behavior in a light-weight synthetic environment}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKBLC07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kase, S. E. and Bhandarkar, D. and Lewis, B. and Cohen, M. A.}, year = {2007}, pages = {51--60} }
RIS

2006

Chen, W.-F., & Yeh, K.-C. (2006). Work in Progress: Creating a Case-Based Reasoning Digital Library to Improve Learning in an Introductory Programming Course. In Frontiers in Education Conference, 36th Annual (pp. 21–22).
BIB
@inproceedings{chen2006work, title = {Work in {Progress}: {Creating} a {Case}-{Based} {Reasoning} {Digital} {Library} to {Improve} {Learning} in an {Introductory} {Programming} {Course}}, booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference}, 36th {Annual}}, author = {Chen, Wei-Fan and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan}, year = {2006}, pages = {21--22} }
RIS
Stevenson, W., & Ritter, F. E. (2006). Review of “BBN’s earliest days: founding a culture of engineering creativity, Beranek L. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 27(2): 6-14, 2005. ACM Computing Reviews, 48(4), 227.
ACM Computing Reviews
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BIB
@article{stevenson2006review, title = {Review of “{BBN}’s earliest days: founding a culture of engineering creativity, {Beranek} {L}. {IEEE} {Annals} of the {History} of {Computing} 27(2): 6-14, 2005}, volume = {48}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stevensonR06.pdf}, number = {4}, journal = {ACM Computing Reviews}, author = {Stevenson, W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2006}, pages = {227} }
RIS
Kukreja, U., Stevenson, W. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2006). RUI – Recording User Input from interfaces under Windows and Mac OS X. Behavior Research Methods, 38(4), 656–659.
Behavior Research Methods
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BIB
@article{kukreja2006rui, title = {{RUI} – {Recording} {User} {Input} from interfaces under {Windows} and {Mac} {OS} {X}}, volume = {38}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kukrejaSR06.pdf}, number = {4}, journal = {Behavior Research Methods}, author = {Kukreja, U. and Stevenson, W. E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2006}, pages = {656--659} }
RIS
Girouard, A., Smith, N. W., & Ritter, F. (2006). Lessons from decompiling an embodied cognitive model. In Cognitio Workshop.
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BIB
@inproceedings{girouard_a._smith_n._w._lessons_2006, title = {Lessons from decompiling an embodied cognitive model}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/girouardSR06.pdf}, booktitle = {Cognitio {Workshop}}, author = {Girouard, A., Smith, N. W. and Ritter, F}, year = {2006} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Haynes, S. R., Cohen, M., Howes, A., John, B., Best, B., … Vera, A. (2006). High-level behavior representation languages revisited. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 404–407). Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2006high-level, address = {Trieste, Italy}, title = {High-level behavior representation languages revisited}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterHCHJBLJCLSAMULV06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2006- {Seventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Edizioni Goliardiche}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. and Howes, A. and John, B. and Best, B. and Lebiere, C. and Jones, R. M. and Crossman, J. and Lewis, R. L. and St. Amant, R. and McBride, S. P. and Urbas, L. and Leuchter, S. and Vera, A.}, year = {2006}, pages = {404--407} }
RIS
Kim, J., Ritter, F. E., & Koubek, R. J. (2006). ESEGMAN: A substrate for ACT-R architecture and an Emacs Lisp application. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. 375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kim2006esegman:, title = {{ESEGMAN}: {A} substrate for {ACT}-{R} architecture and an {Emacs} {Lisp} application}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRK06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2006- {Seventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche}, author = {Kim, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.}, year = {2006} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Van Rooy, D., St. Amant, R., & Simpson, K. (2006). Providing user models direct access to interfaces: An exploratory study of a simple interface with implications for HRI and HCI. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, 36(3), 592–601.
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
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BIB
@article{ritter2006providing, title = {Providing user models direct access to interfaces: {An} exploratory study of a simple interface with implications for {HRI} and {HCI}}, volume = {36}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/ritterVRSAS06.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Van Rooy, D. and St. Amant, R. and {Simpson, K.}}, year = {2006}, keywords = {fixme}, pages = {592--601} }
RIS
Bennett, J. M., Whetzel, C. A., Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A., & Klein, L. C. (2006). Effects of caffeine and stress on cortisol and serial subtraction performance in young healthy men. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(1).
Psychosomatic Medicine
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BIB
@article{bennett2006effects, title = {Effects of caffeine and stress on cortisol and serial subtraction performance in young healthy men}, volume = {68}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bennettWRRK06.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, author = {Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. and Klein, L. C.}, year = {2006} }
RIS
Gluck, K., Gunzelmann, G., Gratch, J., Hudlicka, E., & Ritter, F. E. (2006). Modeling the impact of cognitive moderators on human cognition and performance. In Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
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BIB
@inproceedings{gluck2006modeling, title = {Modeling the impact of cognitive moderators on human cognition and performance}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/gluckGGHR06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Gluck, K. and Gunzelmann, G. and Gratch, J. and Hudlicka, E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2006} }
RIS
Klein, L. C., Whetzel, C. A., Bennett, J. M., Ritter, F. E., & Granger, D. A. (2006). Effects of caffeine and stress on salivary alpha-amylase in young men: A salivary biomarker of sympathetic activity. Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(1).
Psychosomatic Medicine
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BIB
@article{klein2006effects, title = {Effects of caffeine and stress on salivary alpha-amylase in young men: {A} salivary biomarker of sympathetic activity}, volume = {68}, url = {http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/misc/AbstractsForJournal062-9final.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, author = {Klein, L. C. and Whetzel, C. A. and Bennett, J. M. and Ritter, F. E. and Granger, D. A.}, year = {2006} }
RIS
Whetzel, C. A., Ritter, F. E., & Klein, L. C. (2006). DHEA-S and cortisol responses to stress and caffeine in healthy young men: Is DHEA-S a reliable marker for stress? Psychosomatic Medicine, 68(1).
Psychosomatic Medicine
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BIB
@article{whetzel2006dhea-s, title = {{DHEA}-{S} and cortisol responses to stress and caffeine in healthy young men: {Is} {DHEA}-{S} a reliable marker for stress?}, volume = {68}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/whetzelRK06.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, author = {Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Klein, L. C.}, year = {2006} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Norling, E. (2006). Including human variability in a cognitive architecture to improve team simulation. In Cognition and multi-agent interaction: From cognitive modeling to social simulation (pp. 417–427). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2006including, address = {Cambridge}, title = {Including human variability in a cognitive architecture to improve team simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterN06.pdf}, booktitle = {Cognition and multi-agent interaction: {From} cognitive modeling to social simulation}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Norling, E.}, year = {2006}, pages = {417--427} }
RIS
Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Koubek, R. J. (2006). User’s Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Keyboard Users (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2006-2). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{kim2006users, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {User's {Guide} for the {Dismal} {Spreadsheet}: {Normalization} {Task}. {Study} {Booklet} for {Keyboard} {Users}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kimRK06-keyboard.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2006-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.}, year = {2006} }
RIS
Kim, J. W., Ritter, F. E., & Koubek, R. J. (2006). User’s Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Mouse Users (unpublished ACS Tech. Note No. ACS TN 2006-1). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{kim2006users, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {User's {Guide} for the {Dismal} {Spreadsheet}: {Normalization} {Task}. {Study} {Booklet} for {Mouse} {Users}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kimRK06-mouse.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2006-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.}, year = {2006} }
RIS

2005

Ritter, F. E., Freed, A. R., & Haskett, O. (2005). User information needs: The case of university department web sites. ACM Interactions, 12(5), 19–27.
ACM interactions
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BIB
@article{ritter2005user, title = {User information needs: {The} case of university department web sites}, volume = {12}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterFH05.pdf}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM interactions}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Freed, A. R. and Haskett, O.}, year = {2005}, pages = {19--27} }
RIS
Morgan, G. P., Haynes, S. R., Ritter, F. E., & Cohen, M. A. (2005). Increasing efficiency of the development of user models. IEEE and Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia: Charlottesville, VA.
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BIB
@incollection{morgan2005increasing, address = {IEEE and Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia}, title = {Increasing efficiency of the development of user models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganHRC05.pdf}, publisher = {Charlottesville, VA}, author = {Morgan, G. P. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Cohen, M. A.}, year = {2005} }
RIS
Inguscio, L., & Ritter, F. E. (2005). Applied Cognitive Science Laboratory at the Pennsylvannia State University (Laboratory Notes). Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science, 6(2), 142–146.
Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science
link
BIB
@article{inguscio2005applied, title = {Applied {Cognitive} {Science} {Laboratory} at the {Pennsylvannia} {State} {University} ({Laboratory} {Notes})}, volume = {6}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/contribution.asp?wasp=485700d70f624980ba144604e30c8217&referrer=parent&backto=issue,1,6;journal,1,6;linkingpublicationresults,1:110966,1}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science}, author = {Inguscio, L. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2005}, pages = {142--146} }
RIS
St. Amant, R., Freed, A. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2005). Specifying ACT-R models of user interaction with a GOMS language. Cognitive Systems Research, 6(1), 71–88.
Cognitive Systems Research
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BIB
@article{st._amant_specifying_2005, title = {Specifying {ACT}-{R} models of user interaction with a {GOMS} language}, volume = {6}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantFR05.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {St. Amant, Robert and Freed, Andrew R. and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2005}, pages = {71--88} }
RIS
Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. R. (2005). Herbal: A high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in Soar. In Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 177–182). 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.
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BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2005herbal:, title = {Herbal: {A} high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2005}, pages = {177--182} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Morgan, G. P., Stevenson, W. E., & Cohen, M. A. (2005). A tutorial on Herbal: A high-level language and development environment based on Protege for developing cognitive models in Soar. In L. Allender & T. Kelley (Eds.), Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2005tutorial, address = {Orlando, FL}, title = {A tutorial on {Herbal}: {A} high-level language and development environment based on {Protege} for developing cognitive models in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterMSC05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {U. of Central Florida}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, G. P. and Stevenson, W. E. and Cohen, M. A.}, editor = {Allender, L. and Kelley, T.}, year = {2005} }
RIS
Reifers, A. L., Schenck, I. N., & Ritter, F. E. (2005). Modeling pre-attentive visual search in ACT-R. In Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society (p. 2545). Mawah, NJ: Erlbaum.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reifers2005modeling, address = {Mawah, NJ}, title = {Modeling pre-attentive visual search in {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/reifersSR05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Erlbaum}, author = {Reifers, A. L. and Schenck, I. N. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2005}, pages = {2545} }
RIS
St. Amant, R., Riedl, M. O., Ritter, F. E., & Reifers, A. (2005). Image processing in cognitive models with SegMan. In Proceedings of HCI International 2005. (Invited.) (Vol. 4 - Theories, Models and Processes in HCI).
Paper #1869
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BIB
@inproceedings{st._amant_image_2005, title = {Image processing in cognitive models with {SegMan}}, volume = {4 - Theories, Models and Processes in HCI}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantRRR05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {HCI} {International} 2005. ({Invited}.)}, author = {St. Amant, R. and Riedl, M. O. and Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A.}, year = {2005}, note = {Paper \#1869} }
RIS
Kukreja, U. (2005). Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces (Tech Report No. ACS 2005-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{kukreja2005towards, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kukreja05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kukreja, U.}, year = {2005} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Wood, A. B. (2005). Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 37(1), 71–81.
Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers
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BIB
@article{ritter2005dismal:, title = {Dismal: {A} spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation}, volume = {37}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterW05.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. B.}, year = {2005}, pages = {71--81} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L., & Schoelles, M. J. (2005). Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress (Tech Report No. ACS 2005-2). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter_f._e._reifers_defining_2005, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterRS05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L. and Schoelles, M. J.}, year = {2005} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Ceballos, R., Reifers, A. L., & Klein, L. C. (2005). Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition (Tech Report No. ACS 2005-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2005measuring, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterCRK05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Ceballos, R. and Reifers, A. L. and Klein, L. C.}, year = {2005} }
RIS
Morgan, G. P., Ritter, F. E., Stevenson, W. E., Schenck, I. N., & Cohen, M. A. (2005). dTank: An environment for architectural comparisons of competitive agents. In L. Allender & T. Kelley (Eds.), Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 133–140). 05-BRIMS-043. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.
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BIB
@incollection{morgan2005dtank:, address = {05-BRIMS-043. Orlando, FL}, title = {{dTank}: {An} environment for architectural comparisons of competitive agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganRSSC05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {U. of Central Florida}, author = {Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Stevenson, W. E. and Schenck, I. N. and Cohen, M. A.}, editor = {Allender, L. and Kelley, T.}, year = {2005}, pages = {133--140} }
RIS
Daughtry, J. M., & Ritter, F. E. (2005). Understanding the behaviour of agents and cognitive models: CaDaDis 2, 119(4).
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BIB
@article{daughtry2005understanding, title = {Understanding the behaviour of agents and cognitive models: {CaDaDis} 2}, volume = {119}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/daughtryR05.pdf}, number = {4}, author = {Daughtry, J. M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2005} }
RIS

2004

Kase, S. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). The gender factor in computer anxiety: Perspectives in IT. Encylopedia of Information Science and Technology.
PDF
BIB
@book{kase2004gender, title = {The gender factor in computer anxiety: {Perspectives} in {IT}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRip.pdf}, publisher = {Encylopedia of Information Science and Technology}, author = {Kase, S. E and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2004). Choosing and getting started with a cognitive architecture to test and use human-machine interfaces. MMI-Interaktiv-Journal’s Special Issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems, 7, 17–37.
MMI-Interaktiv-Journal's special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems
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BIB
@article{ritter2004choosing, title = {Choosing and getting started with a cognitive architecture to test and use human-machine interfaces}, volume = {7}, url = {http://www.mmi-interaktiv.de/uploads/media/03-Ritter.pdf}, journal = {MMI-Interaktiv-Journal's special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {17--37} }
RIS
Tor, K., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Using a genetic algorithm to optimize the fit of cognitive models. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 308–313). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
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BIB
@inproceedings{tor2004using, title = {Using a genetic algorithm to optimize the fit of cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torR04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Tor, K. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {308--313} }
RIS
Sun, S., Councill, I., Fan, X., Ritter, F. E., & Yen, J. (2004). Comparing teamwork modeling in an empirical approach. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 388–389). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
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BIB
@inproceedings{sun2004comparing, title = {Comparing teamwork modeling in an empirical approach}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/sunCFRY04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Sun, S. and Councill, I. and Fan, X. and Ritter, F. E. and Yen, J.}, year = {2004}, pages = {388--389} }
RIS
Tor, K., Haynes, S. R., Ritter, F. E., & Cohen, M. A. (2004). Categorical data displays generated from three cognitive architectures illustrate their behavior. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 302–307). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
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BIB
@inproceedings{tor2004categorical, title = {Categorical data displays generated from three cognitive architectures illustrate their behavior}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torHRC04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Tor, K. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Cohen, M. A.}, year = {2004}, pages = {302--307} }
RIS
Belavkin, R. V., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). OPTIMIST: A new conflict resolution algorithm for ACT-R. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 40–45). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
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BIB
@inproceedings{belavkin2004optimist:, address = {Mahwah, NJ}, title = {{OPTIMIST}: {A} new conflict resolution algorithm for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinR04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Erlbaum}, author = {Belavkin, R. V. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {40--45} }
RIS
Inguscio, L., Marucci, F. S., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Il sistema di produzione ACT-R/PM: Un modello simulativo dei processi percettivo-morori. Congresso Nazionale della Sezione di Psicologia Sperimentale. local copy.
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BIB
@book{inguscio2004il, title = {Il sistema di produzione {ACT}-{R}/{PM}: {Un} modello simulativo dei processi percettivo-morori}, url = {http://www.unipa.it/frapax/documenti/in_o_06_inguscio.pdf}, publisher = {Congresso Nazionale della Sezione di Psicologia Sperimentale. local copy}, author = {Inguscio, L. and Marucci, F. S. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
RIS
Councill, I. G., Morgan, G. P., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). dTank: A competitive environment for distributed agents (Tech Report No. ACS 2004-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{councill2004dtank:, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {{dTank}: {A} competitive environment for distributed agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/councillMR04.pdf}, number = {ACS 2004-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Councill, I. G. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
RIS
Cohen, M. A., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Herbal Tutorial (Tech Report No. ACS 2004-2). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{cohen2004herbal, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Herbal {Tutorial}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/cohenR04.pdf}, number = {ACS 2004-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
RIS
St. Amant, R., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Automated GOMS to ACT-R model generation. In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
BIB
@inproceedings{st._amant_automated_2004, address = {Mahwah, NJ}, title = {Automated {GOMS} to {ACT}-{R} model generation}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {St. Amant, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
RIS
Cohen, M. A., Ritter, F. E., & Haynes, S. (2004). An introduction to Herbal. In Proceedings of the XXIV Workshop (pp. 75–77). University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan: The Soar Group.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2004introduction, address = {University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan}, title = {An introduction to {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {XXIV} {Workshop}}, publisher = {The Soar Group}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S.}, year = {2004}, pages = {75--77} }
RIS
St. Amant, R., Horton, T. E., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Model-based evaluation of cell phone menu interaction. In Proceedings of the CHI’04 Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems (pp. 343–350). New York: NY: ACM. New York, NY: ACM.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{st._amant_model-based_2004, address = {New York}, title = {Model-based evaluation of cell phone menu interaction}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantHR04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {CHI}'04 {Conference} on {Human} {Factors} in {Computer} {Systems}}, publisher = {NY: ACM. New York, NY: ACM}, author = {St. Amant, R. and Horton, T. E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {343--350} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A., Klein, L. C., Quigley, K., & Schoelles, M. (2004). Using cognitive modeling to study behavior moderators: Pre-task appraisal and anxiety. In Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (pp. 2121–2125). Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2004using, title = {Using cognitive modeling to study behavior moderators: {Pre}-task appraisal and anxiety}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterRKQS04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Factors} and {Ergonomics} {Society}}, publisher = {Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. and Klein, L. C. and Quigley, K. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2004}, pages = {2121--2125} }
RIS
Norling, E., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). A parameter set to support psychologically plausible variability in agent-based human modelling. In The Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Systems (AAMAS04) (pp. 758–765). New York, NY: ACM.
This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in , which will be available from the ACM web site
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{norling2004parameter, address = {New York, NY}, title = {A parameter set to support psychologically plausible variability in agent-based human modelling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/norlingR04.pdf}, booktitle = {The {Third} {International} {Joint} {Conference} on {Autonomous} {Agents} and {Multi} {Agent} {Systems} ({AAMAS}04)}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Norling, E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, note = {This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in , which will be available from the ACM web site}, pages = {758--765} }
RIS
Tor, K., Ritter, F. E., Haynes, S. R., & Cohen, M. A. (2004). CaDaDis: A tool for displaying the behavior of cognitive models and agents. In Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation (pp. 192–200). 04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{tor2004cadadis:, title = {{CaDaDis}: {A} tool for displaying the behavior of cognitive models and agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torRHC04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Tor, K. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A.}, year = {2004}, pages = {192--200} }
RIS
Haynes, S. R., Councill, I. G., & Ritter, F. E. (2004). Responsibility-driven explanation engineering for cognitive models. In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems, 46–52.
In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems
PDF
BIB
@article{haynes2004responsibility-driven, title = {Responsibility-driven explanation engineering for cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesCR04.pdf}, journal = {In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems}, author = {Haynes, S. R. and Councill, I. G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {46--52} }
RIS

2003

Belavkin, R. V., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). The use of entropy for analysis and control of cognitive models. In F. Detje, D. Doerner, & H. Schaub (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 21–26). Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{belavkin2003use, address = {Bamberg, Germany}, title = {The use of entropy for analysis and control of cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinR03.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitats-Verlag Bamberg}, author = {Belavkin, R. V. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Detje, F. and Doerner, D. and Schaub, H.}, year = {2003}, pages = {21--26} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Shadbolt, N. R., Elliman, D., Young, R., Gobet, F., & Baxter, G. D. (2003). Techniques for modeling human and organizational behaviour in synthetic environments: A supplementary review. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center.
BIB
@book{ritter2003techniques, address = {Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH}, title = {Techniques for modeling human and organizational behaviour in synthetic environments: {A} supplementary review}, publisher = {Human Systems Information Analysis Center}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Shadbolt, N. R. and Elliman, D. and Young, R. and Gobet, F. and Baxter, G. D.}, year = {2003} }
RIS
Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). Production systems and rule-based inference. In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science, 741–747.
In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science
PDF
BIB
@article{jones2003production, title = {Production systems and rule-based inference}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR03b.pdf}, journal = {In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {741--747} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2003). Soar. In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science (Vol. vol. 4, pp. 60–65). London: Macmillan.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2003soar, address = {London}, title = {Soar}, volume = {vol. 4}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03.pdf}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Macmillan}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {60--65} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2003). Comments on Grant and Roberts & Paschler. In social processes in validation (pp. 129–130). notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop: part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03c.pdf
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2003comments, address = {notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop}, title = {Comments on {Grant} and {Roberts} \& {Paschler}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03c.pdf}, booktitle = {social processes in validation}, publisher = {part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {129--130} }
RIS
Freed, A. R. (2003). The effects of interface design on telephone dialing performance (Tech Report No. ACS 2003-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{freed2003effects, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {The effects of interface design on telephone dialing performance}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/freed03.pdf}, number = {ACS 2003-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Freed, A. R.}, year = {2003} }
RIS
Shah, K., Rajyaguru, S., St. Amant, R., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). Image processing for cognitive modeling in dynamic gaming environments. In F. Detje, D. Doerner, & H. Schaub (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 189–194). Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{shah2003image, address = {Bamberg, Germany}, title = {Image processing for cognitive modeling in dynamic gaming environments}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/shahRSAR03.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitats-Verlag Bamberg}, author = {Shah, K. and Rajyaguru, S. and St. Amant, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Detje, F. and Doerner, D. and Schaub, H.}, year = {2003}, pages = {189--194} }
RIS
Kalus, T., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). The Soar Tutorial. In F. Detje, D. Doerner, & H. Schaub (Eds.), Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. 318. Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{kalus2003soar, address = {318. Bamberg, Germany}, title = {The {Soar} {Tutorial}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kalusR03.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitats-Verlag Bamberg}, author = {Kalus, T. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Detje, F. and Doerner, D. and Schaub, H.}, year = {2003} }
RIS
Councill, I. G., Haynes, S. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2003). Explaining Soar: Analysis of existing tools and user information requirements. In Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 63–68). Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{councill2003explaining, address = {Bamberg, Germany}, title = {Explaining {Soar}: {Analysis} of existing tools and user information requirements}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/councillHR03.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitats-Verlag Bamberg}, author = {Councill, I. G. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {63--68} }
RIS

2002

Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (2002). A review of “A multidisciplinary approach to human-maching systems development: Cognitive Engineering in the Aviation Domain” edited by Nadine B. Sarter and Rene Amalberti, 47(4), 362–364. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR02.pdf
Sarter and Rene Amalberti
PDF
BIB
@article{baxter2002review, title = {A review of "{A} multidisciplinary approach to human-maching systems development: {Cognitive} {Engineering} in the {Aviation} {Domain}" edited by {Nadine} {B}}, volume = {47}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR02.pdf}, number = {4}, journal = {Sarter and Rene Amalberti}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2002}, pages = {362--364} }
RIS
Mudgett, D. R., Freed, A. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2002). Web-based resources for teaching discrete mathematics to students of information sciences and technology. IEEE Learning Technology, 4(3), 9–10.
IEEE Learning Technology
link
BIB
@article{mudgett2002web-based, title = {Web-based resources for teaching discrete mathematics to students of information sciences and technology}, volume = {4}, url = {http://www.ieeetclt.org/issues/july2002/index.html}, number = {3}, journal = {IEEE Learning Technology}, author = {Mudgett, D. R. and Freed, A. R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2002}, pages = {9--10} }
RIS
Avraamides, M., & Ritter, F. E. (2002). Using multidisciplinary expert evaluations to test and improve cognitive model interfaces. In Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference (pp. 553–562). 02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{avraamides2002using, title = {Using multidisciplinary expert evaluations to test and improve cognitive model interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/avraamidesR02.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {Computer} {Generated} {Forces} {Conference}}, publisher = {02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Avraamides, M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2002}, pages = {553--562} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Avraamides, M. N., Councill, I., Rooy, van, D., Q., S, K., … Rodrigues, I. M. (2002). Pre-task appraisal and caffeine: An architectural overlay for ACT-R. In Air Force Workshop on ACT-R Models of Human-System Interaction. AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002: Mesa.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2002pre-task, address = {AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002}, title = {Pre-task appraisal and caffeine: {An} architectural overlay for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterACQKMVRMSR02.pdf}, booktitle = {Air {Force} {Workshop} on {ACT}-{R} {Models} of {Human}-{System} {Interaction}}, publisher = {Mesa}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M. N. and Councill, I. and Rooy, van and D., Quigley and S, K. and Klein, L. C. and McNeese, M. D. and Stine, M. M. and Rodrigues, I. M.}, year = {2002} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Shiskowski, N. (2002). The ACT-R FAQ. acs.ist.psu.edu/act-r-faq.
BIB
@book{ritter2002act-r, title = {The {ACT}-{R} {FAQ}}, publisher = {acs.ist.psu.edu/act-r-faq}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Shiskowski, N.}, year = {2002} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Councill, I. G. (2002). A review of the 22nd Soar Workshop. AI Magazine, 23(3), 107–109.
AI Magazine
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2002review, title = {A review of the 22nd {Soar} {Workshop}}, volume = {23}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterC02.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {AI Magazine}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Councill, I. G.}, year = {2002}, pages = {107--109} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Wood, A. B. (2002). Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation (Tech Report No. ACS 2002-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2002dismal:, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Dismal: {A} spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterW02.pdf}, number = {ACS 2002-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. B.}, year = {2002} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Freed, A. R., & Haskett, O. L. (2002). Discovering user information needs: The case of university department websites (Tech Report No. ACS 2002-3). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2002discovering, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Discovering user information needs: {The} case of university department websites}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterFH02.pdf}, number = {ACS 2002-3}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Freed, A. R. and Haskett, O. L.}, year = {2002} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Van Rooy, D., & St. Amant, R. (2002). A user modeling design tool for comparing interfaces. In C. Kolski & J. Vanderdonckt (Eds.), Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces CADUI’2002 (pp. 111–118). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academics Publisher.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2002user, address = {Dordrecht}, title = {A user modeling design tool for comparing interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterVRSA02.pdf}, booktitle = {Computer-{Aided} {Design} of {User} {Interfaces} {III}, {Proceedings} of the 4th {International} {Conference} on {Computer}-{Aided} {Design} of {User} {Interfaces} {CADUI}'2002}, publisher = {Kluwer Academics Publisher}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Van Rooy, D. and St. Amant, R.}, editor = {Kolski, C. and Vanderdonckt, J.}, year = {2002}, pages = {111--118} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Avraamides, M., & Councill, I. G. (2002). An approach for accurately modeling the effects of behavior moderators. In Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference (pp. 29–40). 02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2002approach, title = {An approach for accurately modeling the effects of behavior moderators}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterAC02.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {Computer} {Generated} {Forces} {Conference}}, publisher = {02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M. and Councill, I. G.}, year = {2002}, pages = {29--40} }
RIS
Sherry, R. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2002). Dynamic task allocation: Issues for implementing adaptive intelligent automation (Tech Report No. ACS 2002-2). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{sherry2002dynamic, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Dynamic task allocation: {Issues} for implementing adaptive intelligent automation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/sherryR02.pdf}, number = {ACS 2002-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Sherry, R. R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2002} }
RIS

2001

Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1995–2001). The Soar FAQ, acs.ist.psu.edu/soar-faq. Updated quarterly and stored at the U. of Nottingham Mirror Soar site mirror of US sites. Awarded a “Key Resource Award” viewable at.
link
BIB
@book{baxter1995soar, title = {The {Soar} {FAQ}, acs.ist.psu.edu/soar-faq}, url = {http://www.links2go.com/award/Soar}, publisher = {Updated quarterly and stored at the U. of Nottingham Mirror Soar site mirror of US sites. Awarded a "Key Resource Award" viewable at}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (2001). User interface evaluation: How cognitive models can help. In J. Carroll (Ed.), Human-computer interaction in the new millenium (pp. 125–147). Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Also see Ritter, Baxter, Jones, and Young, 2000.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2001user, address = {Reading, MA}, title = {User interface evaluation: {How} cognitive models can help}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBJY01.pdf}, booktitle = {Human-computer interaction in the new millenium}, publisher = {Addison-Wesley. Also see Ritter, Baxter, Jones, and Young, 2000}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, editor = {Carroll, J.}, year = {2001}, pages = {125--147} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2001). Review of the Third International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Cognitive Systems Research, 1(4), 251–252.
Cognitive Systems Research
link
BIB
@article{ritter2001review, title = {Review of the {Third} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, volume = {1}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/iccm3-review.html}, number = {4}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2001}, pages = {251--252} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (2001). Embodied models as simulated users: Introduction to this special issue on using cognitive models to improve interface design. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 55, 1–14.
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
link
BIB
@article{ritter2001embodied, title = {Embodied models as simulated users: {Introduction} to this special issue on using cognitive models to improve interface design}, volume = {55}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ijhcs-em-si}, journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {2001}, pages = {1--14} }
RIS
Cheyne, T., & Ritter, F. E. (2001). Targetting respondents on the Internet successfully and responsibly. Communications of the ACM, 44(4), 94–98.
Communications of the ACM
PDF
BIB
@article{cheyne2001targetting, title = {Targetting respondents on the {Internet} successfully and responsibly}, volume = {44}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cheyneR01.pdf}, number = {4}, journal = {Communications of the ACM}, author = {Cheyne, T. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2001}, pages = {94--98} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2001). Preliminary Example Applications of Cognitive Models to Telephone Design. Talk presented at the Navy Research Lab.
BIB
@book{ritter2001preliminary, title = {Preliminary {Example} {Applications} of {Cognitive} {Models} to {Telephone} {Design}}, publisher = {Talk presented at the Navy Research Lab}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2001} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Bibby, P. (2001). Modeling how and when learning happens in a simple fault-finding task. In Proceedings of ICCM - 2001 - Fourth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 187–192). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2001modeling, title = {Modeling how and when learning happens in a simple fault-finding task}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB01.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2001 - {Fourth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P.}, year = {2001}, pages = {187--192} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Schooler, L. J. (2001). Learning Curve, The. In Editors-in-Chief:  Neil J. Smelser & Paul B. Baltes (Eds.), International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 8602–8605). Oxford: Pergamon.
Abstract
Most tasks get faster with practice. This holds across task size and task type. Learning curves plot time to complete a task as a function of practice. Such curves generally follow what is called a power law‚ thus‚ they are often said to conform to ‘the power law of practice.’ Cognitive psychology has shown that the power law of practice is ubiquitous‚ and cognitive modeling has explained both the general speedup and some of the variability in performance‚ which previously was taken to be completely noise. Research is ongoing to find out why it is ubiquitous and where it does not apply.
link
BIB
@incollection{ritter2001learning, address = {Oxford}, title = {Learning {Curve}, {The}}, isbn = {978-0-08-043076-8}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0080430767014807}, booktitle = {International {Encyclopedia} of the {Social} \& {Behavioral} {Sciences}}, publisher = {Pergamon}, author = {Ritter, F.E. and Schooler, L.J.}, editor = {{Editors-in-Chief:  Neil J. Smelser} and {Paul B. Baltes}}, year = {2001}, pages = {8602--8605} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Avraamides, M. (2001). Testing the Situation Awareness Panel. In Proceedings of the 21th Soar Workshop (pp. 35–39).
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2001testing, title = {Testing the {Situation} {Awareness} {Panel}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21th {Soar} {Workshop}}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M.}, year = {2001}, pages = {35--39} }
RIS
Norling, E., & Ritter, F. E. (2001). Embodying the JACK agent architecture. In M. Stumptner, D. Corbett, & M. Brooks (Eds.), AI 2001: Advances in Artificial Intelligence (pp. 368–377). Proceedings of the 14th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.. Berlin: Springer.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{norling2001embodying, address = {Proceedings of the 14th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.. Berlin}, title = {Embodying the {JACK} agent architecture}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/norlingR01.pdf}, booktitle = {{AI} 2001: {Advances} in {Artificial} {Intelligence}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Norling, E. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Stumptner, M. and Corbett, D. and Brooks, M.}, year = {2001}, pages = {368--377} }
RIS
Avraamides, M. N. (2001). A brief manual for running a JSAF Demo and examining the Situation Awareness Panel (unpublished ACS Tech. Note). Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
available upon request
BIB
@techreport{avraamides2001brief, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {A brief manual for running a {JSAF} {Demo} and examining the {Situation} {Awareness} {Panel}}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Avraamides, M. N.}, year = {2001}, note = {available upon request} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Avraamides, M. (2001). Improving interfaces for CGFs through multidisciplinary evaluations: A new, broad approach (Tech Report No. ACS 2001-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2001improving, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Improving interfaces for {CGFs} through multidisciplinary evaluations: {A} new, broad approach}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterA01.pdf}, number = {ACS 2001-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M.}, year = {2001} }
RIS

2000

Ritter, F. E. (2000). Cognitive modeling. DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop, 29–30.
DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2000cognitive, title = {Cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09b.pdf}, journal = {DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = nov, year = {2000}, pages = {29--30} }
RIS
Jones, G., Ritter, F. E., & Wood, D. J. (2000). Using a cognitive architecture to examine what develops. Psychological Science, 11(2), 93–100.
Psychological Science
PDF
BIB
@article{jones2000using, title = {Using a cognitive architecture to examine what develops}, volume = {11}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesRW00.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Psychological Science}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Wood, D. J.}, year = {2000}, pages = {93--100} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (2000). Supporting cognitive models as users. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 7(2), 141–173.
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2000supporting, title = {Supporting cognitive models as users}, volume = {7}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBJY00.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, year = {2000}, pages = {141--173} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (2000). Summary of “Supporting cognitive models as users”. research alerts [sic] in interactions [sic]. VII., 16–17.
VII.
VII.
BIB
@article{ritter2000summary, title = {Summary of '{Supporting} cognitive models as users'. research alerts [sic] in interactions [sic]}, journal = {VII.}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, year = {2000}, pages = {16--17} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2000). Review of the Third International Cognitive Modelling Conference. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
BIB
@article{ritter2000review, title = {Review of the {Third} {International} {Cognitive} {Modelling} {Conference}}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Gobet, F., & Ritter, F. E. (2000). Individual Data Analysis and Unified Theories of Cognition: A methodological proposal. In N. Taatgen & J. Aasman (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 150–157). Veenendaal (NL): Universal Press.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{gobet2000individual, address = {Veenendaal (NL)}, title = {Individual {Data} {Analysis} and {Unified} {Theories} of {Cognition}: {A} methodological proposal}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/gobetR00.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Universal Press}, author = {Gobet, F. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Taatgen, N. and Aasman, J.}, year = {2000}, pages = {150--157} }
RIS
Belavkin, R., & Ritter, F. E. (2000). Adding a theory of motivation to ACT-R, slides included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, p. 133-139. Carnegie-Mellon University: Department of Psychology.
BIB
@book{belavkin2000adding, address = {Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {Adding a theory of motivation to {ACT}-{R}, slides included in the {Proceedings} of the {Seventh} {Annual} {ACT}-{R} {Workshop}, p. 133-139}, publisher = {Department of Psychology}, author = {Belavkin, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2000). An example HCI task, interfaces, model, and verification for Single subjects design. ACT-R Summer School presentation.
BIB
@book{ritter2000example, title = {An example {HCI} task, interfaces, model, and verification for {Single} subjects design}, publisher = {ACT-R Summer School presentation}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2000). A role for cognitive architectures: Guiding user interface design, contribution to the Applications of Cognitive Architectures panel, slides included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, p. 85-91. Carnegie-Mellon University: Department of Psychology.
BIB
@book{ritter2000role, address = {Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {A role for cognitive architectures: {Guiding} user interface design, contribution to the {Applications} of {Cognitive} {Architectures} panel, slides included in the {Proceedings} of the {Seventh} {Annual} {ACT}-{R} {Workshop}, p. 85-91}, publisher = {Department of Psychology}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (2000). Over-estimating cognition time: The benefits of using a task simulation. In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series, 67–74.
In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series
PDF
BIB
@article{jones2000over-estimating, title = {Over-estimating cognition time: {The} benefits of using a task simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR00.pdf}, journal = {In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000}, pages = {67--74} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2000). The Soar FAQ and DERA Report. In Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop. 127127.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2000soar, title = {The {Soar} {FAQ} and {DERA} {Report}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Soar} {Workshop}}, publisher = {127127}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (2000). SOAR/Tcl-PM: Including a widely applicable eye and hand in Soar. In Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2000soar/tcl-pm:, title = {{SOAR}/{Tcl}-{PM}: {Including} a widely applicable eye and hand in {Soar}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Soar} {Workshop}}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Lonsdale, P. R., & Ritter, F. E. (2000). Soar/Tcl-PM: Extending the Soar architecture to include a widely applicable virtual eye and hand. In N. Taatgen & J. Aasman (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 202–209). Veenendaal (NL): Universal Press.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{lonsdale2000soar/tcl-pm:, address = {Veenendaal (NL)}, title = {Soar/{Tcl}-{PM}: {Extending} the {Soar} architecture to include a widely applicable virtual eye and hand}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/lonsdaleR99.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Universal Press}, author = {Lonsdale, P. R. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Taatgen, N. and Aasman, J.}, year = {2000}, pages = {202--209} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Lonsdale, P. R. (2000). Extending Tcl/Tk to provide a functional eye and hand for the Soar cognitive architecture. Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society.
BIB
@book{ritter2000extending, title = {Extending {Tcl}/{Tk} to provide a functional eye and hand for the {Soar} cognitive architecture}, publisher = {Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lonsdale, P. R.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Lonsdale, P. (2000). Extending Tcl/Tk to provide a functional eye and hand for the Soar cognitive modelling architecture. In To have appeared in Proceedings of the Fifth Biennial Australasian Cognitive Science Conference.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2000extending, title = {Extending {Tcl}/{Tk} to provide a functional eye and hand for the {Soar} cognitive modelling architecture}, booktitle = {To have appeared in {Proceedings} of the {Fifth} {Biennial} {Australasian} {Cognitive} {Science} {Conference}}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lonsdale, P.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Avraamides, M. N. (2000). Steps towards including behavioural moderators in human performance models in synthetic environments (Tech Report No. ACS 2000-1). University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2000steps, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Steps towards including behavioural moderators in human performance models in synthetic environments}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterA00.pdf}, number = {ACS 2000-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M. N.}, year = {2000} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Bibby, P. A. (2000). Modeling how and when learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task. Talk Presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society.
Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society
BIB
@article{ritter2000modeling, title = {Modeling how and when learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task}, journal = {Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.}, month = feb, year = {2000} }
RIS

1999

Kuk, G., Arnold, M., & Ritter, F. E. (1999). Using event history analysis to model the impact of workload on an air traffic tactical controller’s operations. Ergonomics, 42(9), 1133–1148.
Ergonomics
Ergonomics
PDF
BIB
@article{kuk1999using, title = {Using event history analysis to model the impact of workload on an air traffic tactical controller's operations}, volume = {42}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kukAR99.pdf}, number = {9}, journal = {Ergonomics}, author = {Kuk, G. and Arnold, M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1999}, pages = {1133--1148} }
RIS
Belavkin, R. V., Ritter, F. E., & Elliman, D. G. (1999). Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit children’s behaviour better. In Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{belavkin1999towards, title = {Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit children's behaviour better}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinRE99.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1999 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Belavkin, R. V. and Ritter, F. E. and Elliman, D. G.}, year = {1999} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Belavkin, R. V., & Elliman, D. G. (1999). Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit behaviour better. Poster at the BCS’s "Workshop on Affective Computing: The role of emotion in Human Computer Interaction.".
BIB
@book{ritter1999towards, address = {Poster at the BCS's "Workshop on Affective Computing}, title = {Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit behaviour better}, publisher = {The role of emotion in Human Computer Interaction."}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Belavkin, R. V. and Elliman, D. G.}, year = {1999} }
RIS
Golightly, D., Hone, K. S., & Ritter, F. E. (1999). Speech interaction can support problem solving. In M. A. Sasse & C. Johnson (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction – Interact ’99 (pp. 149–155). IOS Press.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{golightly1999speech, title = {Speech interaction can support problem solving}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/golightlyHR99.pdf}, booktitle = {Human-{Computer} {Interaction} – {Interact} '99}, publisher = {IOS Press}, author = {Golightly, D. and Hone, K. S. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Sasse, M. A. and Johnson, C.}, year = {1999}, pages = {149--155} }
RIS
Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1999). Towards a classification of state misinterpretation. In D. Harris (Ed.), The 2nd International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (pp. 35–42). Oxford: Ashgate.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{baxter1999towards, address = {Oxford}, title = {Towards a classification of state misinterpretation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR99.pdf}, booktitle = {The 2nd {International} {Conference} on {Engineering} {Psychology} and {Cognitive} {Ergonomics}}, publisher = {Ashgate}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Harris, D.}, year = {1999}, pages = {35--42} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Shadbolt, N. R., Elliman, D., Young, R., Gobet, F., & Baxter, G. D. (1999). Techniques for modelling human performance in synthetic environments: A supplementary review. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter1999techniques, title = {Techniques for modelling human performance in synthetic environments: {A} supplementary review}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSEYGB01.pdf}, institution = {Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Shadbolt, N. R. and Elliman, D. and Young, R. and Gobet, F. and Baxter, G. D.}, year = {1999} }
RIS
Byrne, M., Chong, R., Freed, M., Ritter, F. E., & Gray, W. (1999). Symposium on Integrated models of perception, cognition, and action. In Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{byrne1999symposium, title = {Symposium on {Integrated} models of perception, cognition, and action}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/byrneCFRG99.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1999 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Byrne, M. and Chong, R. and Freed, M. and Ritter, F. E. and Gray, W.}, year = {1999} }
RIS
Young, R. M., & Ritter, F. E. (1999). Report on the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 101, 10–11.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{young1999report, title = {Report on the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, volume = {101}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/youngR99.pdf}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Young, R. M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1999}, pages = {10--11} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1999). Report on the AISB’99 Workshop on “Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 102, 7–8. Retrieved from http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY99b.pdf
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter1999report, title = {Report on the {AISB}'99 {Workshop} on "{Issues} in {Teaching} {Cognitive} {Science} to {Undergraduates}"}, volume = {102}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY99b.pdf}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1999}, pages = {7--8} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1999). Moving the Psychological Soar Tutorial to HTML: An example of using the Web to assist learning. In D. Peterson, R. J. Stevenson, & R. M. Young (Eds.), Proceedings of the AISB ’99 Workshop on Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates (pp. 23–24). The Society of the study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1999moving, title = {Moving the {Psychological} {Soar} {Tutorial} to {HTML}: {An} example of using the {Web} to assist learning}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY99.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {AISB} '99 {Workshop} on {Issues} in {Teaching} {Cognitive} {Science} to {Undergraduates}}, publisher = {The Society of the study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, editor = {Peterson, D. and Stevenson, R. J. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1999}, pages = {23--24} }
RIS
Nerb, J., Ritter, F. E., & Krems, J. (1999). Knowledge level learning and the power law: A Soar model of skill acquisition in scheduling. In K. Special (Ed.) (pp. 20–29).
PDF
BIB
@incollection{nerb1999knowledge, title = {Knowledge level learning and the power law: {A} {Soar} model of skill acquisition in scheduling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nerbRK99.pdf}, author = {Nerb, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Krems, J.}, editor = {Special, Kognitionswissenschaft}, year = {1999}, pages = {20--29} }
RIS

1998

Ritter, F. E. (1998). The nature of improvement: The power law, feeling of knowing, and strategies (Vol. 2).
BIB
@book{ritter1998nature, title = {The nature of improvement: {The} power law, feeling of knowing, and strategies}, volume = {2}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = dec, year = {1998} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (Eds.). (1998). Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Thrumpton (UK): Nottingham University Press.
link
BIB
@book{ritter1998proceedings, address = {Thrumpton (UK)}, title = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/eccm98/}, publisher = {Nottingham University Press}, editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1998} }
RIS
Delaney, P. F., Reder, L. M., Staszewski, J. J., & Ritter, F. E. (1998). The strategy specific nature of improvement: The power law applies by strategy within task. Psychological Science, 9(1), 1–8.
Psychological Science
PDF
BIB
@article{delaney1998strategy, title = {The strategy specific nature of improvement: {The} power law applies by strategy within task}, volume = {9}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/delaneyRSR98.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Psychological Science}, author = {Delaney, P. F. and Reder, L. M. and Staszewski, J. J. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1998}, pages = {1--8} }
RIS
Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (1998). Initial explorations of modifying architectures to simulate cognitive and perceptual development. In Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 44–51). Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000.
BIB
@inproceedings{jones1998initial, title = {Initial explorations of modifying architectures to simulate cognitive and perceptual development}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood 2000. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood 2000}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1998}, pages = {44--51} }
RIS
Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (1998). Simulating development by modifying architectures. In Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 543–548). Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{jones1998simulating, title = {Simulating development by modifying architectures}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR98.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1998}, pages = {543--548} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Jones, R. M., & Baxter, G. D. (1998). Reusable models and graphical interfaces: Realising the potential of a unified theory of cognition. In U. Schmid, J. Krems, & F. Wysotzki (Eds.), Mind modeling - A cognitive science approach to reasoning, learning and discovery (pp. 83–109). Lengerich (Germany): Pabst Scientific Publishing.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1998reusable, address = {Lengerich (Germany)}, title = {Reusable models and graphical interfaces: {Realising} the potential of a unified theory of cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterJB98.pdf}, booktitle = {Mind modeling - {A} cognitive science approach to reasoning, learning and discovery}, publisher = {Pabst Scientific Publishing}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, R. M. and Baxter, G. D.}, editor = {Schmid, U. and Krems, J. and Wysotzki, F.}, year = {1998}, pages = {83--109} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Wallach, D. P. (1998). Models of two-person games in ACT-R and Soar. In Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling (pp. 202–203). Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1998models, title = {Models of two-person games in {ACT}-{R} and {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterW98.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wallach, D. P.}, year = {1998}, pages = {202--203} }
RIS

1997

Jones, G., & Ritter, F. E. (1997). Modelling transitions in childrens’ development by starting with adults. In European Conference on Cognitive Science (pp. 62–67). UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000. Manchester, UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000: Manchester.
BIB
@inproceedings{jones1997modelling, address = {UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood, 2000. Manchester, UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood, 2000}, title = {Modelling transitions in childrens' development by starting with adults}, booktitle = {European {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1997}, pages = {62--67} }
RIS
Ritter, F. (1997). WWW presentation of overheads & exercises. CTI Psychology Software News, 7(2).
CTI Psychology Software News
BIB
@article{ritter1997www, title = {{WWW} presentation of overheads \& exercises}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, journal = {CTI Psychology Software News}, author = {Ritter, F.}, year = {1997} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Bibby, P. A. (1997). Modelling learning as it happens in a diagramatic reasoning task (No. 45). Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter1997modelling, title = {Modelling learning as it happens in a diagramatic reasoning task}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB97.pdf}, number = {45}, institution = {Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.}, year = {1997} }
RIS
Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1997). Model-computer interaction: Implementing the action-perception loop for cognitive models. In D. Harris (Ed.), The 1st International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (pp. 215–223). vol. 2. October 1996, Stratford-upon-Avon: Ashgate. Superceeded by Ritter, Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000.
BIB
@incollection{baxter1997model-computer, address = {vol. 2. October 1996, Stratford-upon-Avon}, title = {Model-computer interaction: {Implementing} the action-perception loop for cognitive models}, booktitle = {The 1st {International} {Conference} on {Engineering} {Psychology} and {Cognitive} {Ergonomics}}, publisher = {Ashgate. Superceeded by Ritter, Baxter, Jones, \& Young, 2000}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Harris, D.}, year = {1997}, pages = {215--223} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (1997). Report on Tutorial: Introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 98(50).
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter1997report, title = {Report on {Tutorial}: {Introduction} to the {Soar} cognitive architecture}, volume = {98}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterJY97.pdf}, number = {50}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1997} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1997). Invited lectures and practicals on Soar, German Autumn School in Cognitive Science, 18-22 September.
BIB
@article{ritter1997invited, title = {Invited lectures and practicals on {Soar}, {German} {Autumn} {School} in {Cognitive} {Science}, 18-22 {September}}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1997} }
RIS

1996

Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1996). Designing abstract visual perceptual and motor action capabilities for use by cognitive models (No. 36). Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{baxter1996designing, title = {Designing abstract visual perceptual and motor action capabilities for use by cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR96.pdf}, number = {36}, institution = {Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1996} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Baxter, G. D. (1996). Programming by Tenet Systems. The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS.
The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS
BIB
@article{ritter1996programming, title = {Programming by {Tenet} {Systems}}, journal = {The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS}, author = {Ritter, Frank E. and Baxter, Gordon D.}, year = {1996} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Jones, G., & Young, R. M. (1996). Report on Tutorial 1: Introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 95(18).
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
BIB
@article{ritter1996report, title = {Report on {Tutorial} 1: {Introduction} to the {Soar} cognitive architecture}, volume = {95}, number = {18}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1996} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Baxter, G. D. (1996). Able, III: Learning in a more visibly principled way. In U. Schmid, J. Krems, & F. Wysotzki (Eds.), Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Cognitive Modeling (pp. 22–30). Berlin: Forschungsberichte des Fachbereichs Informatik, Technische Universität Berlin. Code vailable on the web in acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/nottingham/ccc/pub- soar/able/ Paper partially superceeded by Ritter, Jones, & Baxter 1998, but some low level details are elided.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1996able, address = {Berlin}, title = {Able, {III}: {Learning} in a more visibly principled way}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB96.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {European} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Forschungsberichte des Fachbereichs Informatik, Technische Universität Berlin. Code vailable on the web in acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/nottingham/ccc/pub- soar/able/ Paper partially superceeded by Ritter, Jones, \& Baxter 1998, but some low level details are elided}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D.}, editor = {Schmid, U. and Krems, J. and Wysotzki, F.}, year = {1996}, pages = {22--30} }
RIS

1995

Bass, E. J., Baxter, G. D., & Ritter, F. E. (1995). Creating models to control simulations: A generic approach. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 93, 18–25.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{bass1995creating, title = {Creating models to control simulations: {A} generic approach}, volume = {93}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bassbr95.pdf}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Bass, E. J and Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995}, pages = {18--25} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Major, N. P. (1995). Useful mechanisms for developing simulations for cognitive models. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 7–18.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter1995useful, title = {Useful mechanisms for developing simulations for cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterM95.pdf}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Major, N. P.}, year = {1995}, pages = {7--18} }
RIS
Nichols, S., & Ritter, F. E. (1995). Theoretically motivated tool for automatically generating command aliases. In Proceedings of CHI ’95 (pp. 393–400).
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{nichols1995theoretically, title = {Theoretically motivated tool for automatically generating command aliases}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nicholsR95.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {CHI} '95}, author = {Nichols, S. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995}, pages = {393--400} }
RIS
Arnold, M., Kuk, G., & Ritter, F. E. (1995). MacSHAPA review. CTI Psychology Software News, 6(1), 18–20.
CTI Psychology Software News
PDF
BIB
@article{arnold1995macshapa, title = {{MacSHAPA} review}, volume = {6}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/arnoldKR95.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {CTI Psychology Software News}, author = {Arnold, M. and Kuk, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995}, pages = {18--20} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (1995). Soar: A cognitive architecture in perspective, Michon, J (pp. 297–301). 8(3: Philosophical Psychology.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1995soar:, address = {8(3}, title = {Soar: {A} cognitive architecture in perspective, {Michon}, {J}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter95.pdf}, publisher = {Philosophical Psychology}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995}, pages = {297--301} }
RIS
Ong, R., & Ritter, F. E. (1995). Mechanisms for routinely tying cognitive models to interactive simulations. In H. I. ’95 (Ed.), Osaka, Japan: July 1995. superceeded by Ritter Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000.
BIB
@incollection{ong1995mechanisms, title = {Mechanisms for routinely tying cognitive models to interactive simulations}, booktitle = {Osaka, {Japan}: {July} 1995}, publisher = {superceeded by Ritter Baxter, Jones, \& Young, 2000}, author = {Ong, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {'95, Hci International}, year = {1995} }
RIS

1994

Ritter, F. E., & Ong, R. (Sept. (1994). The simple-menu package. Release, 1(2).
Release
Release
BIB
@article{ritter1994simple-menu, title = {The simple-menu package}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, journal = {Release}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Ong, R. (Sept}, year = {1994} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1994). Psychological Soar Tutorial. Computer programs and overheads. Last revision 3/98. Developed with Gary Jones. Currently available at acs.ist.psu.edu/nottingham/pst/pst-ftp.html.
BIB
@book{ritter1994psychological, title = {Psychological {Soar} {Tutorial}. {Computer} programs and overheads.}, publisher = {Last revision 3/98. Developed with Gary Jones. Currently available at acs.ist.psu.edu/nottingham/pst/pst-ftp.html}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1994} }
RIS
Lehman, J., Newell, P., Altmann, E., Ritter, F., & McGinnis, T. (1994). The Soar introduction video (11 min.). School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Group.
link
BIB
@book{lehman1994soar, address = {School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {The {Soar} introduction video (11 min.)}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/soar-mov.mpg}, publisher = {The Soar Group}, author = {Lehman, J. and Newell, P. and Altmann, E. and Ritter, F. and McGinnis, T.}, year = {1994} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Young, R. M. (1994). Practical introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture: Tutorial report. AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly, 88(62).
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
BIB
@article{ritter1994practical, title = {Practical introduction to the {Soar} cognitive architecture: {Tutorial} report}, volume = {88}, number = {62}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1994} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Lochun, S., Bibby, P. A., & Marshall, S. (1994). Dismal: A free spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation. In A. Trapp & N. Hammond (Eds.), Computers in Psychology ’94 (pp. 62–63). York (UK): CTI Centre for Psychology, U. of York. Reprinted in Psychology Software News, 5(2) (November 1994), Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Psychology, U. of York. pp. 57-58. Superceeded by Ritter & Wood, 2002.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1994dismal:, address = {York (UK)}, title = {Dismal: {A} free spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterLBM94.pdf}, booktitle = {Computers in {Psychology} '94}, publisher = {CTI Centre for Psychology, U. of York. Reprinted in Psychology Software News, 5(2) (November 1994), Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Psychology, U. of York. pp. 57-58. Superceeded by Ritter \& Wood, 2002}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lochun, S. and Bibby, P. A. and Marshall, S.}, editor = {Trapp, A. and Hammond, N.}, year = {1994}, pages = {62--63} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & Larkin, J. H. (1994). Developing process models as summaries of HCI action sequences. Human Computer Interaction’s Special Issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis, 9(3), 345–383.
Human Computer Interaction's special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter1994developing, title = {Developing process models as summaries of {HCI} action sequences}, volume = {9}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterL94.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Human Computer Interaction's special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Larkin, J. H.}, year = {1994}, pages = {345--383} }
RIS

1993

Ritter, F. E. (1993). Creating a prototype environment for testing process models with protocol data. In Paper included in the Proceedings of the InterChi Research symposium. Amsterdam: ACM CHI.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1993creating, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {Creating a prototype environment for testing process models with protocol data}, booktitle = {Paper included in the {Proceedings} of the {InterChi} {Research} symposium}, publisher = {ACM CHI}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1993} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (1993). Using a cognitive architecture to add to protocol theory. In Abstract included in the Proceedings of the III European Congress of Psychology. Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993Tampare, Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993: Tampare.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1993using, address = {Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993Tampare, Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993}, title = {Using a cognitive architecture to add to protocol theory}, booktitle = {Abstract included in the {Proceedings} of the {III} {European} {Congress} of {Psychology}}, publisher = {Tampare}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1993} }
RIS
Nerb, J., Krems, J., & Ritter, F. E. (1993). Rule learning and the power law: A computational model and empirical results. In Using a computer model to examine learning and the power law (pp. 765–770). In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEAIn Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA.
BIB
@inproceedings{nerb1993rule, title = {Rule learning and the power law: {A} computational model and empirical results}, booktitle = {Using a computer model to examine learning and the power law}, publisher = {In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEAIn Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA}, author = {Nerb, J. and Krems, J. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1993}, pages = {765--770} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (Ed.). (1993). Proceedings of the EuroSoar 7 Workshop. November 1993: U. of Nottingham.
BIB
@book{ritter1993proceedings, address = {November 1993}, title = {Proceedings of the {EuroSoar} 7 {Workshop}}, publisher = {U. of Nottingham}, editor = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1993} }
RIS

1992

Reder, L. M., & Ritter, F. E. (1992). What determines initial feeling of knowing? Familiarity with Question Terms, Not the Answer, 18(3), 435–451.
Familiarity with question terms, not the answer
PDF
BIB
@article{reder1992what, title = {What determines initial feeling of knowing?}, volume = {18}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/rederR92.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Familiarity with question terms, not the answer}, author = {Reder, L. M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1992}, pages = {435--451} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (1992). Unified Theories of Cognition: One and one-quarter years later (No. CMU-CS-92-007).
BIB
@techreport{ritter1992unified, title = {Unified {Theories} of {Cognition}: {One} and one-quarter years later}, number = {CMU-CS-92-007}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1992} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (1992). TBPA: A methodology and software environment for testing process models’ sequential predictions with protocols. Doctoral Dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University, 93–101.
Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University
BIB
@article{ritter1992tbpa:, title = {{TBPA}: {A} methodology and software environment for testing process models' sequential predictions with protocols}, journal = {Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1992}, pages = {93--101} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (1992). Multiple forms-mode. Available from The Ohio State University Elisp Archives on Archive, 1(4).
Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive
BIB
@article{ritter1992multiple, title = {Multiple forms-mode}, volume = {1}, number = {4}, journal = {Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1992} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., & McGinnis, T. F. (1992). Manual for SX: A graphical display and interface for Soar in X windows. School of Computer science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Project.
BIB
@book{ritter1992manual, address = {School of Computer science, Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {Manual for {SX}: {A} graphical display and interface for {Soar} in {X} windows}, publisher = {The Soar Project}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and McGinnis, T. F.}, year = {1992} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E., Hucka, M., & McGinnis, T. F. (1992). Soar-mode Manual. (No. CMU-CS-92-205).
BIB
@techreport{ritter1992soar-mode, title = {Soar-mode {Manual}.}, number = {CMU-CS-92-205}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Hucka, M. and McGinnis, T. F.}, year = {1992} }
RIS

1991

Ritter, F. E. (1991). Towards fair comparisons of connectionist algorithms through automatically generated parameter sets. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science SocietyHillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science Society.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1991towards, title = {Towards fair comparisons of connectionist algorithms through automatically generated parameter sets}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter91.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Thirteenth} {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Hillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science SocietyHillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1991} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (May. (1991). Revised with Roberto Ong in 1994. The simple-menu package. No longer available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive.cis.ohio-state.edu as file pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/interfaces/simple-menu.el.Z.
BIB
@book{ritter1991revised, title = {Revised with {Roberto} {Ong} in 1994}, publisher = {The simple-menu package. No longer available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive.cis.ohio-state.edu as file pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/interfaces/simple-menu.el.Z}, author = {Ritter, F. E. (May}, year = {1991} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (April. (1991). The Developmental Soar Interface. Video.
Video
Video
BIB
@article{ritter1991developmental, title = {The {Developmental} {Soar} {Interface}}, journal = {Video}, author = {Ritter, F. E. (April}, year = {1991} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (1991). How the Soar interface uses Garnet. Video.
Video
Video
BIB
@article{ritter1991how, title = {How the {Soar} interface uses {Garnet}}, journal = {Video}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1991} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (1991). TAQL-mode Manual. School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Project.
BIB
@book{ritter1991taql-mode, address = {School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {{TAQL}-mode {Manual}}, publisher = {The Soar Project}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1991} }
RIS

1990

Bates, D., Kademan, E., & Ritter, F. E. (Fall. (1990). last revised with my help Fall 1991). Statlib is statlib@lib.stat.cmu.edu). Now part of the ESS package: S-mode for GNU Emacs. Available from the Statlib software archive (S is a statistics package.
BIB
@book{bates1990last, address = {Statlib is statlib@lib.stat.cmu.edu). Now part of the ESS package}, title = {last revised with my help {Fall} 1991)}, publisher = {S-mode for GNU Emacs. Available from the Statlib software archive (S is a statistics package}, author = {Bates, D. and Kademan, E. and Ritter, F. E. (Fall}, year = {1990} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (September. (1990). Batmail – Reading mail in an editor. and “Some notes on learning more about GNU-Emacs”. Manuals and talks presented at the CMU Psychology Department Immigration Course: Notes on software available and used in the CMU Psychology department.
BIB
@book{ritter1990batmail, address = {and "Some notes on learning more about GNU-Emacs". Manuals and talks presented at the CMU Psychology Department Immigration Course}, title = {Batmail – {Reading} mail in an editor}, publisher = {"Notes on software available and used in the CMU Psychology department"}, author = {Ritter, F. E. (September}, year = {1990} }
RIS

1988

Feurzeig, W., & Ritter, F. (1988). Understanding reflective problem solving. In J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, & S. A. Mutter (Eds.), Intelligent tutoring systems: Lessons learned. NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Hillsdale.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{feurzeig1988understanding, address = {NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates}, title = {Understanding reflective problem solving}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/feurzeigR88.pdf}, booktitle = {Intelligent tutoring systems: {Lessons} learned}, publisher = {Hillsdale}, author = {Feurzeig, W. and Ritter, F.}, editor = {Psotka, J. and Massey, L. D. and Mutter, S. A.}, year = {1988} }
RIS
Ritter, F., & Feurzeig, W. (1988). Teaching real-time tactical thinking. In J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, & S. A. Mutter (Eds.), Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Lessons Learned. NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Hillsdale.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1988teaching, address = {NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates}, title = {Teaching real-time tactical thinking}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterF88.pdf}, booktitle = {Intelligent {Tutoring} {Systems}: {Lessons} {Learned}}, publisher = {Hillsdale}, author = {Ritter, F. and Feurzeig, W.}, editor = {Psotka, J. and Massey, L. D. and Mutter, S. A.}, year = {1988} }
RIS

1987

Panagos, J., Feurzeig, W., & Ritter, F. (1987). TRIO System Documentation (No. 6547).
Published: BBN Laboratories
BIB
@techreport{panagos1987trio, title = {{TRIO} {System} {Documentation}}, number = {6547}, author = {Panagos, J. and Feurzeig, W. and Ritter, F.}, year = {1987}, note = {Published: BBN Laboratories} }
RIS
Ritter, F. E. (1987). Symbolics product review. In Technology and Learning. Invited product review mispublished as a letter to the.
BIB
@incollection{ritter1987symbolics, title = {Symbolics product review}, booktitle = {Technology and {Learning}}, publisher = {Invited product review mispublished as a letter to the}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1987} }
RIS
Davis, L. W., & Ritter, F. (1987). Schedule optimization with probabilistic search. In Proceedings of the Third Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications (pp. 231–236). IEEE Computer SocietyIEEE Computer Society.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{davis1987schedule, title = {Schedule optimization with probabilistic search}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/davisR87.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Third} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} {Applications}}, publisher = {IEEE Computer SocietyIEEE Computer Society}, author = {Davis, L. W. and Ritter, F.}, year = {1987}, pages = {231--236} }
RIS
Ritter, F. (1987). OREO: Orienting electrical circuits for qualitative reasoning (No. 6560). BBN Technologies.
BIB
@techreport{ritter1987oreo:, title = {{OREO}: {Orienting} electrical circuits for qualitative reasoning}, number = {6560}, institution = {BBN Technologies}, author = {Ritter, F.}, year = {1987} }
RIS
Ritter, F., & Panagos, J. (1987). TRIO User’s Handbook (No. 6206).
Published: BBN Laboratories
BIB
@techreport{ritter1987trio, title = {{TRIO} {User}'s {Handbook}}, number = {6206}, author = {Ritter, F. and Panagos, J.}, year = {1987}, note = {Published: BBN Laboratories} }
RIS

1986

Ritter, F., & Panagos, J. (1986). The Yale Loop package: A clause based loop written in Common Lisp. Available from CL-Utilities-Request@cs.
Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs
BIB
@article{ritter1986yale, title = {The {Yale} {Loop} package: {A} clause based loop written in {Common} {Lisp}}, journal = {Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs}, author = {Ritter, F. and Panagos, J.}, year = {1986} }
RIS

1985

Feurzeig, W., Massey, D., Downes-Martin, S., & Ritter, F. (1985). TRIO to INCOFT Adaptation Study (No. 6194). BBN Technologies.
BIB
@techreport{feurzeig1985trio, title = {{TRIO} to {INCOFT} {Adaptation} {Study}}, number = {6194}, institution = {BBN Technologies}, author = {Feurzeig, W. and Massey, D. and Downes-Martin, S. and Ritter, F.}, year = {1985} }
RIS
A zot_bib_web bibliography.
================================================ FILE: demo/example4.html ================================================ Bibliography

Bibliography

Refereed Works

Language

Wang, Yafei, David Reitter, and John Yen. “How Emotional Support and Informational Support Relate to Linguistic Alignment.” Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2017. Web. LNCS.
SBP-BRiMS
SBP-BRiMS
Abstract
Linguistic alignment in text-based communication means that people tend to adjust their language use to one another both in terms of word choice and sentence structure. Previous studies about linguistic alignment suggested that these two forms of adaptation are correlated with each other‚ and that they build up to alignment at a higher representational level‚ such as pragmatic alignment for support functions. Two types of social support have been identified as important for online health communities (OHCs): emotional and informational support between support seekers and support providers. Do the two lower-level alignment measures (lexical and syntactic) relate to these two types of social support in the same way or‚ are they different? Our hypothesis was that they are similar‚ due to their correlation relationship. However‚ we found that‚ based on an analysis of a 10-year online forum for cancer survivors‚ the lower-level alignment measures have distinct relationships to the two higher-level support functions. In this paper‚ we describe this finding and its implications regarding potential refinement of the Inter- active Alignment Model.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2017how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2017emotional.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| conference = SBP-BRiMS| last1 = Wang| first1 = Yafei| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Yen| first3 = John| title = How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment| booktitle = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Xu, Yang, and David Reitter. “Spectral Analysis of Information Density in Dialogue Predicts Collaborative Task Performance.” Proceedings of the 55th Annual Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Vancouver, Canada: N.p., 2017. Web.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
We propose a perspective on dialogue that focuses on relative information contributions of conversation partners as a key to successful communication. We predict the success of collaborative task in English and Danish corpora of task-oriented dialogue. Two features are extracted from the frequency domain representations of the lexical entropy series of each interlocutor‚ power spectrum overlap (PSO) and relative phase (RP). We find that PSO is a negative predictor of task success‚ while RP is a positive one. An SVM with these features significantly improved on previous task success prediction models. Our findings suggest that the strategic distribution of information density between interlocutors is relevant to task success.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2017spectral, address = {Vancouver, Canada}, title = {Spectral {Analysis} of {Information} {Density} in {Dialogue} {Predicts} {Collaborative} {Task} {Performance}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2017spectral.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 55th {Annual} {Mtg}. of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = ACL| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Spectral Analysis of Information Density in Dialogue Predicts Collaborative Task Performance| booktitle = Proceedings of the 55th Annual Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = Vancouver, Canada| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Kelly, Matthew A., David Reitter, and Robert L. West. “Degrees of Separation in Semantic and Syntactic Relationships.” Proc 15th. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Warwick, UK: N.p., 2017. Print.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
Computational models of distributional semantics can analyze a corpus to derive representations of word meanings in terms of each word’s relationship to all other words in the corpus. While these models are sensitive to topic (e.g.‚ tiger and stripes) and synonymy (e.g.‚ soar and fly)‚ the models have limited sensitivity to part of speech (e.g.‚ book and shirt are both nouns). By augmenting a holographic model of semantic memory with additional levels of representations‚ we present evidence that sensitivity to syntax is supported by exploiting associations between words at varying degrees of separation. We find that sensitivity to associations at three degrees of separation reinforces the relationships between words that share part-of-speech and improves the ability of the model to construct grammatical sentences. Our model provides evidence that semantics and syntax exist on a continuum and emerge from a unitary cognitive system.
BIB
@inproceedings{kelly2017degrees, address = {Warwick, UK}, title = {Degrees of {Separation} in {Semantic} and {Syntactic} {Relationships}}, booktitle = {Proc 15th. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Kelly, Matthew A. and Reitter, David and West, Robert L.}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| last1 = Kelly| first1 = Matthew A.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = West| first3 = Robert L.| title = Degrees of Separation in Semantic and Syntactic Relationships| booktitle = Proc 15th. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Warwick, UK| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Cole, Jeremy, Moojan Ghafurian, and David Reitter. “Linking Memory Activation and Word Adoption in Social Language Use via Rational Analysis.” Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK: N.p., 2017. Print.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
This paper investigates how cognition facilitates the adoption of new words through a study of the large-scale Reddit corpus‚ which contains written‚ threaded conversations conducted over the internet. Parameters for the cognitive architecture are estimated. Using ACT-R’s account of declarative memory‚ the activation of memory chunks representing words is traced and compared to usage statistics sampled from a year of data. Potential values for decay and retrieval threshold are identified according to model fit and growth rates of word adoption. The resulting estimate for the decay parameter‚ d‚ is 0.22‚ and the estimate for the retrieval threshold parameter‚ rt‚ lies between 3.4 and 4.5.
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017linking, address = {London, UK}, title = {Linking {Memory} {Activation} and {Word} {Adoption} in {Social} {Language} {Use} via {Rational} {Analysis}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Ghafurian| first2 = Moojan| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Linking Memory Activation and Word Adoption in Social Language Use via Rational Analysis| booktitle = Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = London, UK| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Cole, Jeremy, and David Reitter. “Examining Working Memory during Sentence Construction with an ACT-R Model of Grammatical Encoding.” Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. London, UK: N.p., 2017. Print.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
We examine working memory use and incrementality using a cognitive model of grammatical encoding. Our model com- bines an empirically validated framework‚ ACT-R‚ with a lin- guistic theory‚ Combinatory Categorial Grammar‚ to target that phase of language production. By building the model with the Switchboard corpus‚ it can attempt to realize a larger set of sentences. With this methodology‚ different strategies may be compared according to the similarity of the model’s sentences to the test sentences. In this way‚ the model can still be evalu- ated by its fit to human data‚ without overfitting to individual experiments. The results show that while having more work- ing memory available improves performance‚ using less work- ing memory during realization is correlated with a closer fit‚ even after controlling for sentence complexity. Further‚ sen- tences realized with a more incremental strategy are also more similar to the corpus sentences as measured by edit distance. As high incrementality is correlated with low working mem- ory usage‚ this study offers a possible mechanism by which incrementality can be explained.
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017examining, address = {London, UK}, title = {Examining {Working} {Memory} during {Sentence} {Construction} with an {ACT}-{R} {Model} of {Grammatical} {Encoding}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Examining Working Memory during Sentence Construction with an ACT-R Model of Grammatical Encoding| booktitle = Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = London, UK| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Alignment in Web-Based Dialogue: Who Aligns, and How Automatic Is It? Studies in Big-Data Computational Psycholinguistics.” Big Data in Cognitive Science. Ed. Michael N. Jones. Routledge Psychology Press, 2017. Print. Frontiers of Cognitive Psychology.
BIB
@incollection{reitter2017alignment, series = {Frontiers of {Cognitive} {Psychology}}, title = {Alignment in {Web}-based {Dialogue}: {Who} {Aligns}, and how {Automatic} is it? {Studies} in {Big}-{Data} {Computational} {Psycholinguistics}}, booktitle = {Big {Data} in {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Routledge Psychology Press}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Jones, Michael N.}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Routledge Psychology Press| editors = Michael N. Jones (ed.)| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Big Data in Cognitive Science| chapter = Alignment in Web-based Dialogue: Who Aligns, and how Automatic is it? Studies in Big-Data Computational Psycholinguistics| series = Frontiers of Cognitive Psychology| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Xu, Yang, and David Reitter. “Entropy Converges between Dialogue Participants: Explanations from an Information-Theoretic Perspective.” Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 1 (Long Papers). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. 537–546. Web.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
The applicability of entropy rate constancy to dialogue is examined on two spoken dialogue corpora. The principle is found to hold; however‚ new entropy change patterns within the topic episodes of dialogue are described‚ which are different from written text. Speaker’s dynamic roles as topic initiators and topic responders are associated with decreasing and increasing entropy‚ respectively‚ which results in local convergence between these speakers in each topic episode. This implies that the sentence entropy in dialogue is conditioned on different contexts determined by the speaker’s roles. Explanations from the perspectives of grounding theory and interactive alignment are discussed‚ resulting in a novel‚ unified information-theoretic approach of dialogue.
link
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2016entropy, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective}, volume = {1 (Long Papers)}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-1051}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {537--546} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| conference = ACL| volume = 1 (Long Papers)| pages = 537–546| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective| booktitle = Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = Berlin, Germany| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Xu, Yang, and David Reitter. “Convergence of Syntactic Complexity in Conversation.” Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 2 (Short Papers). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. 443–448. Web.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
Using corpus data of spoken dialogue‚ we examine the convergence of syntactic complexity levels between interlocutors in natural conversations‚ as it occurs within spans of topic episodes. The findings of general convergence in the Switchboard and BNC corpora are compatible with an information-theoretic model of dialogue and with Interactive Alignment Theory.
link
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2016convergence, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Convergence of {Syntactic} {Complexity} in {Conversation}}, volume = {2 (Short Papers)}, url = {http://anthology.aclweb.org/P16-2072}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {443--448} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| conference = ACL| volume = 2 (Short Papers)| pages = 443–448| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Convergence of Syntactic Complexity in Conversation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = Berlin, Germany| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Cole, Jeremy, Ying Xu, and David Reitter. “How People Talk about Armed Conflicts: An Analysis of Reddit Data.” Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2016. Web. LNCS 9708.
LNCS
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2016how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS} 9708}, title = {How people talk about armed conflicts: {An} analysis of {Reddit} data}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2016armedconflicts.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Xu, Ying and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Xu| first2 = Ying| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = How people talk about armed conflicts: An analysis of Reddit data| booktitle = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS 9708| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Ororbia II, Alexander G., C. Lee Giles, and David Reitter. “Learning a Deep Hybrid Model for Semi-Supervised Text Classification.” Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Lisbon, Portugal: N.p., 2015. Web.
EMNLP
EMNLP
Abstract
We present a novel fine-tuning algorithm in a deep hybrid architecture for semi-supervised text classification. During each increment of the online learning process‚ the fine-tuning algorithm serves as a top-down mechanism for pseudo-jointly modifying model parameters following a bottom-up generative learning pass. The resulting model‚ trained under what we call the Bottom-Up-Top-Down learning algorithm‚ is shown to outperform a variety of competitive models and baselines trained across a wide range of splits between supervised and unsupervised training data.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_learning_2015, address = {Lisbon, Portugal}, title = {Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015learning-deep-hybrid.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2015 {Conference} on {Empirical} {Methods} in {Natural} {Language} {Processing}}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Giles, C. Lee and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = EMNLP| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Giles| first2 = C. Lee| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Learning a deep hybrid model for semi-supervised text classification| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing| location = Lisbon, Portugal| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Wang, Yafei, John Yen, and David Reitter. “Pragmatic Alignment on Social Support Type in Health Forum Conversations.” Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015. Web.
Abstract
Linguistic alignment‚ such as lexical and syntactic alignment‚ is a universal phenomenon influencing dialogue participants in online conversations. Besides linguistic alignment‚ social support‚ such as emotional support and informational support‚ also provides important benefits to their members. More recently‚ identifying and analyzing social support facilitated insights in the construction of support oriented communities. In this paper‚ we study whether members show pragmatic alignment on social support. While adaptation can occur at lexical‚ syntactic and pragmatic levels‚ relationships between alignments at multiple levels are neither theoretically nor empirically well understood. Our results indicate pragmatic alignment of forum members along the axis of support type. We also find that lexical alignment is correlated with emotional support‚ and that the amount of lexical alignment is also correlated with the amount of pragmatic alignment. This finding can contribute to improving our understanding about the linguistic signature of different types of support‚ and enhancing theoretical model of the Interactive Alignment Model in a multi-party peer support conversation context.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2015pragmatic, address = {Denver, CO}, title = {Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2015pragmatic-alignment.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} ({CMCL})}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Yen, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| last1 = Wang| first1 = Yafei| last2 = Yen| first2 = John| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Pragmatic alignment on social support type in health forum conversations| booktitle = Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL)| location = Denver, CO| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Xu, Yang, and David Reitter. “An Evaluation and Comparison of Linguistic Alignment Measures.” Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL). Denver, CO: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015. Web.
Abstract
Linguistic alignment has emerged as an important property of conversational language and a driver of mutual understanding in dialogue. While various computational measures of linguistic alignment in corpus and experimental data have been devised‚ a systematic evaluation of them is missing. In this study‚ we first evaluate the sensitivity and distributional properties of three measures‚ indiscriminate local linguistic alignment (LLA)‚ Spearman’s correlation coefficient (SCC)‚ and repetition decay (RepDecay). Then we apply them in a study of interactive alignment and individual differences to see how well they conform to the Interactive Alignment Model (IAM)‚ and how well they can reveal the individual differences in alignment propensity. Our results suggest that LLA has the overall best performance.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2015evaluation, address = {Denver, CO}, title = {An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/xu2015evaluation-alignment.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} ({CMCL})}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = An evaluation and comparison of linguistic alignment measures| booktitle = Proc. Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (CMCL)| location = Denver, CO| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Johanna D. Moore. “Alignment and Task Success in Spoken Dialogue.” Journal of Memory and Language 76 (2014): 29–46. Web.
Journal of Memory and Language
Abstract
Task-solving in dialogue depends on the convergence of the situation models held by the dialogue partners. The Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering and Garrod‚ 2004) suggests that this convergence is the result of an interactive alignment process‚ which is based on mechanistic repetition at a number of linguistic levels. In this paper‚ we develop two predictions arising from the theory‚ along with two methods to quantify the known structural priming effects in the full inventory of syntactic choices found in text and speech corpora. (a) Under a rational perspective‚ we expect increased repetition in task-oriented dialogue compared to spontaneous conversation. We find within- and between-speaker priming in a corpus of spontaneous conversations‚ but stronger priming in task-oriented dialogue. (b) The Interactive Alignment Model predicts linguistic adaptation to be correlated with task success. We show this effect in a corpus of task-oriented dialogue‚ where we find a positive correlation of long-term adaptation and a quantifiable task success measure. We argue that the repetition tendency relevant for the high-level alignment of situation models is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming. We demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition are reliable and computationally exploitable predictors of task success.
BIB
@article{reitter2014alignment, title = {Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue}, volume = {76}, doi = {10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008}, journal = {Journal of Memory and Language}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2014}, pages = {29--46} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008| volume = 76| pages = 29–46| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Moore| first2 = Johanna D.| title = Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue| journal = Journal of Memory and Language| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Wang, Yafei, David Reitter, and John Yen. “Linguistic Adaptation in Online Conversation Threads: Analyzing Alignment in Online Health Communities.” Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Workshop at the Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics. N.p., 2014. Web.
Abstract
Previous studies of alignment have focused on two-party conversations. We study multi-party conversation in online health communities‚ which have shown benefits for their members from forum conversations. So far‚ our understanding of the relationship between alignment in such multi-party conversations and its possible connection to member benefits has been limited. This paper quantifies linguistic alignment in the oldest and the largest cancer online forum. Alignment at lexical and syntactic levels‚ as well as decay of alignment was observed in forum threads‚ although the decay was slower than commonly found in psycholinguistic studies. The different pattern of adaptation to the initial post on a thread suggests that specific roles in the online forum (e.g.‚ seeking support from the community) can potentially be revealed through alignment theory and its extensions.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2014linguistic, title = {Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/yafei2014cmcl.pdf}, booktitle = {Cognitive {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}. {Workshop} at the {Mtg}. of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Wang| first1 = Yafei| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Yen| first3 = John| title = Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities| booktitle = Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Workshop at the Mtg. of the Association for Computational Linguistics| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Big-Data Insights into Cognitive Representations of Language Processing.” The 2nd International Workshop on Advanced Learning Sciences. Taipei, Taiwan. 2014. Invited Talk.
BIB
@misc{reitter2014big-data, address = {Taipei, Taiwan}, type = {Invited {Talk}}, title = {Big-{Data} insights into cognitive representations of language processing}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Big-Data insights into cognitive representations of language processing| location = Taipei, Taiwan| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Hale, John, and David Reitter. “Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Natural Language.” Topics in Cognitive Science (2013): 1–4. Print.
Topics in Cognitive Science
BIB
@article{hale2013introduction, title = {Introduction to the issue on computational models of natural language}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, author = {Hale, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2013}, pages = {1--4} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 1–4| last1 = Hale| first1 = John| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Introduction to the issue on computational models of natural language| journal = Topics in Cognitive Science| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Hale, John, and David Reitter, eds. “Issue on Computational Models of Natural Language.” Topics in Cognitive Science 5.3 (2013): (11 papers). Web.
Topics in Cognitive Science
TopiCS
PDF
BIB
@article{hale2013issue, title = {Issue on computational models of natural language}, volume = {5}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/topics2013-issue-ToC.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12038}, number = {3}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, editor = {Hale, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2013}, pages = {(11 papers)} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/tops.12038| volume = 5| issue = 3| pages = –11 papers)| others = John Hale, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Issue on computational models of natural language| journal = Topics in Cognitive Science| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Lexical Language Evolution in Networked Human Groups.” Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON 2012). Chicago, IL: N.p., 2012. Web.
Abstract
The development and refinement of natural-language communication systems among networked individuals is not well understood and difficult to study. This paper uses a task providing a controlled environment for the goal-oriented‚ collaborative exchange of short‚ natural-language messages between experimental participants (20 per group) in order to demonstrate lexical convergence. A technique for illustrating convergence based on graph layout by multidimensional scaling is described. While reliable convergence is shown‚ it is limited to the collaborative or communicative situation: participants did not adopt group terms in a separately administered post-test questionnaire.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012lexical, address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Lexical language evolution in networked human groups}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012lexical.pdf}, booktitle = {Words and {Networks}: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON} 2012)}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Lexical language evolution in networked human groups| booktitle = Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON 2012)| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Diesner, Jana, and David Reitter, eds. Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012). Chicago, IL: Association for Computing Machinery, 2012. Web.
PDF
BIB
@book{diesner2012proc., address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Proc. {Words} and {Networks} 2012: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON}2012)}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, editor = {Diesner, Jana and Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computing Machinery| others = Jana Diesner, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012)| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Roger Levy, eds. Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2012. Web.
CMCL
PDF
BIB
@book{reitter2012proc., address = {Montréal, Quebec, Canada}, title = {Proc. 3rd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W12/W12-17.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Reitter, David and Levy, Roger}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| others = David Reitter, Roger Levy (eds.)| title = Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics| location = Montréal, Quebec, Canada| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “How Groups Develop a Specialized Domain Vocabulary: A Cognitive Multi-Agent Model.” Cognitive Systems Research 12.2 (2011): 175–185. Web.
Cognitive Systems Research
Abstract
We simulate the evolution of a domain vocabulary in small communities. Empirical data show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language. We propose that simulations of such cultural evolution incorporate properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). A cognitive model is described that encodes abstract concepts with small sets of concrete‚ related concepts (directing)‚ and that also decodes such signs (matching). Learning captures conventionalized signs. Relatedness of concepts is characterized by a mixture of shared and individual knowledge‚ which we sample from a text corpus. Simulations show vocabulary convergence of agent communities of varied structure‚ but idiosyncrasy in vocabularies of each dyad of models. Convergence is weakened when agents do not alternate between encoding and decoding‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication. Convergence is improved by explicit feedback about communicative success. We hypothesize that humans seek out subtle clues to gauge success in order to guide their vocabulary acquisition.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2011how, title = {How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: {A} cognitive multi-agent model}, volume = {12}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011domainvocabulary.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {175--185} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005| volume = 12| issue = 2| pages = 175–185| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Frank Keller, and Johanna D. Moore. “A Computational Cognitive Model of Syntactic Priming.” Cognitive Science 35.4 (2011): 587–637. Web.
Cognitive Science
Abstract
The psycholinguistic literature has identified two syntactic adaptation effects in language production: rapidly decaying short-term priming and long-lasting adaptation. To explain both effects‚ we present an ACT-R model of syntactic priming based on a wide-coverage‚ lexicalized syntactic theory that explains priming as facilitation of lexical access. In this model‚ two well-established ACT-R mechanisms‚ base-level learning and spreading activation‚ account for long-term adaptation and short-term priming‚ respectively. Our model simulates incremental language production and in a series of modeling studies we show that it accounts for (a) the inverse frequency interaction; (b) the absence of a decay in long-term priming; and (c) the cumulativity of long-term adaptation. The model also explains the lexical boost effect and the fact that it only applies to short-term priming. We also present corpus data that verifies a prediction of the model‚ i.e.‚ that the lexical boost affects all lexical material‚ rather than just heads.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2011computational, title = {A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming}, volume = {35}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011syntacticpriming.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x}, number = {4}, journal = {Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2011}, pages = {587--637} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x| volume = 35| issue = 4| pages = 587–637| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Keller| first2 = Frank| last3 = Moore| first3 = Johanna D.| title = A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming| journal = Cognitive Science| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Reitter, David et al. “How Teams Benefit from Communication Policies: Information Flow in Human Peer-to-Peer Networks.” Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (BRIMS). Sundance, UT: N.p., 2011. 138–145. Web.
Abstract
In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ we study the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of teams and of individuals in different positions within a network. This design provides an experimental model of human communities‚ where information may spread from peer to peer by word of mouth. With this model‚ we explain the realistic tradeoff between liberal information dumping and targeted information sharing by human peers. Human subjects exchanged natural-language messages with relevance to a task‚ thereby sharing knowledge across a community. Communication took place along the edges of a small-world graph. Cooperation and individual efforts were incentivized. In one condition‚ participants were asked to request specific information and only supply information that they knew was needed. In another condition‚ they were asked to supply and forward as much information as possible. We found that a targeted communication policy was successfully implemented by the participants‚ increased task success‚ shortened the time it took to get answers to questions‚ increased efficiency (task success per communication bandwidth)‚ and may have done so selectively for nodes with fewer connections.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011how, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011policies.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Reitter, David and Sycara, Katia and Lebiere, Christian and Vinokurov, Yury and Juarez, Antonio and Lewis, Michael}, year = {2011}, pages = {138--145} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 138–145| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Sycara| first2 = Katia| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = Christian| last4 = Vinokurov| first4 = Yury| last5 = Juarez| first5 = Antonio| last6 = Lewis| first6 = Michael| title = How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (BRIMS)| location = Sundance, UT| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Keller, Frank, and David Reitter, eds. Proc. 2nd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Portland, OR, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2011. Web.
PDF
BIB
@book{keller2011proc., address = {Portland, OR, USA}, title = {Proc. 2nd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Keller, Frank and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| others = Frank Keller, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. 2nd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics| location = Portland, OR, USA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Zhao, C. et al. “Validating a High Level Behavioral Representation Language (Herbal): A Docking Study between for ACT-R.” Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures. Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press, 2010. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2010validating, title = {Validating a high level behavioral representation language ({Herbal}): {A} docking study between for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoPMR10.pdf}, booktitle = {Biologically {Inspired} {Cognitive} {Architectures}}, publisher = {Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press}, author = {Zhao, C. and Paik, J. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Paik| first2 = J.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Validating a high level behavioral representation language (Herbal): A docking study between for ACT-R| booktitle = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “High-Level Behavior Representation Languages and Moderators of Behavior.” The USMA Network Science Workshop (2008): 15–17. Web.
The USMA Network Science Workshop
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2008high-level, title = {High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter08b.pdf}, journal = {The USMA Network Science Workshop}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = oct, year = {2008}, pages = {15--17} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 15–17| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior| journal = The USMA Network Science Workshop| date = 2008-10}}
EndNote
Dzikovska, Myroslava O. et al. “Data-Driven Modelling of Human Tutoring in Calculus.” Proceedings of the ECAI Workshop on Language-Enhanced Educational Technology. Ed. Charles Callaway. Riva del Garda, Italy: N.p., 2006. 22–28. Web.
Abstract
We describe results from analyzing a corpus of human-human tutorial dialogue‚ which are aimed at identifying‚ formalizing and automating natural tutoring in the domain of calculus‚ in particular symbolic differentiation. We analyzed a corpus of human-human tutoring dialogues‚ focusing on three areas important to system development: interleaved symbolic and natural language‚ domain modeling‚ and tutorial dialogue strategies. We provide empirical verification of previous results on interleaving natural and symbolic language‚ and show that the properties of interleaving are highly dependent on the input modality. We describe a task model for our domain‚ and provide corpus data to show that the model must cover basic algebra skills as well‚ which are involved in differentiation. We verify the applicability of an existing annotation scheme for tutoring algebra in our domain‚ and propose that it be extended to cover student initiative.
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BIB
@inproceedings{dzikovska2006data-driven, address = {Riva del Garda, Italy}, title = {Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dzikovska2006lam.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ECAI} {Workshop} on {Language}-{Enhanced} {Educational} {Technology}}, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Zinn, Claus}, editor = {Callaway, Charles}, year = {2006}, pages = {22--28} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 22–28| editors = Charles Callaway (ed.)| last1 = Dzikovska| first1 = Myroslava O.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Moore| first3 = Johanna D.| last4 = Zinn| first4 = Claus| title = Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus| booktitle = Proceedings of the ECAI Workshop on Language-Enhanced Educational Technology| location = Riva del Garda, Italy| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “High-Level Behavior Representation Languages Revisited.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche, 2006. 404–407. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2006high-level, address = {Trieste, Italy}, title = {High-level behavior representation languages revisited}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterHCHJBLJCLSAMULV06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2006- {Seventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Edizioni Goliardiche}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. and Howes, A. and John, B. and Best, B. and Lebiere, C. and Jones, R. M. and Crossman, J. and Lewis, R. L. and St. Amant, R. and McBride, S. P. and Urbas, L. and Leuchter, S. and Vera, A.}, year = {2006}, pages = {404--407} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Edizioni Goliardiche| pages = 404–407| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Cohen| first3 = M.| last4 = Howes| first4 = A.| last5 = John| first5 = B.| last6 = Best| first6 = B.| last7 = Lebiere| first7 = C.| last8 = Jones| first8 = R. M.| last9 = Crossman| first9 = J.| last10 = Lewis| first10 = R. L.| last11 = St. Amant| first11 = R.| last12 = McBride| first12 = S. P.| last13 = Urbas| first13 = L.| last14 = Leuchter| first14 = S.| last15 = Vera| first15 = A.| title = High-level behavior representation languages revisited| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Trieste, Italy| date = 2006}}
EndNote
St. Amant, Robert, Andrew R. Freed, and Frank E. Ritter. “Specifying ACT-R Models of User Interaction with a GOMS Language.” Cognitive Systems Research 6.1 (2005): 71–88. Web.
Cognitive Systems Research
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BIB
@article{st._amant_specifying_2005, title = {Specifying {ACT}-{R} models of user interaction with a {GOMS} language}, volume = {6}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantFR05.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {St. Amant, Robert and Freed, Andrew R. and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2005}, pages = {71--88} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 6| issue = 1| pages = 71–88| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = Robert| last2 = Freed| first2 = Andrew R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = Frank E.| title = Specifying ACT-R models of user interaction with a GOMS language| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Dolfing, Hans et al. “The FASiL Speech and Multimodal Corpora.” Proceedings INTER/EUROSPEECH 2005. Lisbon, Portugal: N.p., 2005. Web.
Abstract
In the context of the FASiL project‚ we have studied natural language interactions in a unimodal (speech only) and multimodal (speech and graphics) interface to a personal information management database. We collected multilingual corpora to investigate these interactions in three languages: Portuguese‚ English and Swedish. The corpora are used to train language models‚ to update acoustic models‚ to study semantic concepts‚ multimodal interactions‚ and dialogue management strategies. The corpora are annotated in a uniform way‚ with timings‚ transcriptions‚ and semantics. In this paper‚ we report on the structure and design of the corpora which are now available via ELRA.
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BIB
@inproceedings{dolfing2005fasil, address = {Lisbon, Portugal}, title = {The {FASiL} speech and multimodal corpora}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dolfing2005fasilcorpora.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings {INTER}/{EUROSPEECH} 2005}, author = {Dolfing, Hans and Reitter, David and Almeida, Luis and Beires, Nuno and Cody, Michael and Gomes, Rui and Robinson, Kerry and Zielinski, Roman}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Dolfing| first1 = Hans| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Almeida| first3 = Luis| last4 = Beires| first4 = Nuno| last5 = Cody| first5 = Michael| last6 = Gomes| first6 = Rui| last7 = Robinson| first7 = Kerry| last8 = Zielinski| first8 = Roman| title = The FASiL speech and multimodal corpora| booktitle = Proceedings INTER/EUROSPEECH 2005| location = Lisbon, Portugal| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. R. Haynes. “Herbal: A High-Level Language and Development Environment for Developing Cognitive Models in Soar.” Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2005. 177–182. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2005herbal:, title = {Herbal: {A} high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2005}, pages = {177--182} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 177–182| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Herbal: A high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “A Tutorial on Herbal: A High-Level Language and Development Environment Based on Protege for Developing Cognitive Models in Soar.” Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ed. L. Allender and T. Kelley. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2005. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2005tutorial, address = {Orlando, FL}, title = {A tutorial on {Herbal}: {A} high-level language and development environment based on {Protege} for developing cognitive models in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterMSC05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {U. of Central Florida}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, G. P. and Stevenson, W. E. and Cohen, M. A.}, editor = {Allender, L. and Kelley, T.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = U. of Central Florida| editors = L. Allender, T. Kelley (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Stevenson| first3 = W. E.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| title = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| chapter = A tutorial on Herbal: A high-level language and development environment based on Protege for developing cognitive models in Soar| location = Orlando, FL| date = 2005}}
EndNote

Decision-Making and Cognitive Security

Ghafurian, Moojan, and David Reitter. “Impatience Induced by Waiting: An Effect Moderated by the Speed of Countdowns.” Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems. Brisbane, Australia: ACM, 2016. Web.
DIS
DIS
Abstract
Countdowns and progress bars provide computer users with estimates of remaining wait times. These types of feedback are intended to manage their expectations and allow users to direct attention elsewhere. We suggest that they also moderate user’s impatience‚ which affects decision-making in the subsequent task. In an experiment with 421 participants‚ impatience in a timing decision task was effectively and systematically manip- ulated through a countdown‚ as it affected timing and performance of the user’s actions in the task. The effect persisted even after users gained task experience. More rapid countdowns reduced impatience. Post-hoc analysis also showed increased task satisfaction with rising countdown speed and suggested greater task satisfaction with a rapid countdown than with no waiting period at all.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2016impatience, address = {Brisbane, Australia}, title = {Impatience induced by waiting: {An} effect moderated by the speed of countdowns}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016DIS.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2016 {ACM} {Conference} on {Designing} {Interactive} {Systems}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM| conference = DIS| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Impatience induced by waiting: An effect moderated by the speed of countdowns| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems| location = Brisbane, Australia| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Ghafurian, Moojan, and David Reitter. “Gender Differences in the Effect of Impatience on Men and Women’s Timing Decisions.” Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science. Philadelphia, PA: Cognitive Science Society, 2016. 1223–1228. Web.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Decisions over the timing of actions are critical in several safety‚ security and healthcare scenarios. These decisions‚ sim- ilar to discrete decisions‚ can be influenced by biases and individual traits. In this paper‚ a bias of impatience is studied in an experiment with 626 participants‚ with a focus on gender differences. Impatience was moderated with a manipula- tion of a variable-speed countdown. Men and women differed in how they expressed impatience. While men systematically and irrationally act earlier when become impatient following the slower countdowns‚ women react by irrationally requesting earlier information about the outcome of each trial‚ and impulsively pressing an inactive key.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2016gender, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016cogsci.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1223--1228} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society| conference = CogSci| pages = 1223–1228| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions| booktitle = Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science| location = Philadelphia, PA| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Moojan Ghafurian, and Jens Grossklags. “Systematic, Individual and Situational Biases in Timing Decisions.” International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Grenada, Spain. 2016. oral presentation.
(Psychonomics)
Abstract
We study personal and general biases in timing decisions‚ which concern practically common continuous decisions about when to act when facing external uncertainty and dynamic risk. In a series of experiments using a two-player game called FlipIt‚ we studied the influence of individual difference variables of Risk Propensity (RP) and Need for Cognition (NfC) and of manipulations that induce impatience. Participants make several timing decisions per round‚ which aim to counteract the hidden actions made by an opponent. The opponent’s actions become visible only after the participant’s choices have been made. Earlier actions are riskier‚ but a rational time point‚ maximizing utility‚ can be defined. Two experiments were run with a total of 450 participants from a general population that were compensated to incentivize maximizing payoff. RP and NfC were obtained with standardized instruments. Participants with RP around the population average benefitted from higher NfC levels (p<0.01). We also found a general impatience bias that advanced timing independent of RP. With increasing task experience‚ models of linear impatience become better predictors of timing bias than risk-dependent ones. In a further experiment with 422 participants‚ impatience was manipulated by showing slow or fast-changing countdowns during a constant delay period. Timing (vs. rational strategy) was retarded or advanced‚ with fast countdowns reducing impatience (p<0.01) and accelerating countdowns yielding closer-to-rational performance even than the control (no delay at all). We conclude that timing decisions are affected by interacting risk and deep-processing preferences as well as situational impatience biases.
BIB
@misc{reitter2016systematic, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Systematic, {Individual} and {Situational} {Biases} in {Timing} {Decisions}}, author = {Reitter, David and Ghafurian, Moojan and Grossklags, Jens}, year = {2016}, note = {(Psychonomics)} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Ghafurian| first2 = Moojan| last3 = Grossklags| first3 = Jens| title = Systematic, Individual and Situational Biases in Timing Decisions| location = Grenada, Spain| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Grossklags, Jens, and David Reitter. “How Task Familiarity and Cognitive Predispositions Impact Behavior in a Security Game of Timing.” Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium. Vienna: N.p., 2014. 111–122. Web.
CSF
CSF
Abstract
This paper addresses security and safety choices that involve a decision on the timing of an action. Examples of such decisions include when to check log files for intruders and when to monitor financial accounts for fraud or errors. To better understand how performance in timing-related security situations is shaped by individuals’ cognitive predispositions‚ we effectively combine survey measures with economic experiments. Two behavioral experiments are presented in which the timing of online security actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision-environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.
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BIB
@inproceedings{grossklags2014how, address = {Vienna}, title = {How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/grossklags2014csf.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th {IEEE} {Computer} {Security} {Foundations} {Symposium}}, author = {Grossklags, Jens and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {111--122} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = CSF| pages = 111–122| last1 = Grossklags| first1 = Jens| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing| booktitle = Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium| location = Vienna| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ghafurian, Moojan, and David Reitter. “Impatience, Risk Propensity and Rationality in Timing Games.” Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Quebec, Canada: N.p., 2014. 2841–2846. Web.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Games of timing reflect dynamic decision-making under uncertainty‚ as it takes place in many real-world situations‚ including health care‚ safety and security. Rather than making discrete decisions‚ participants choose one or more points in time that determine the outcome. We study individual’s biases and characteristics in such games of timing. We examine risk propensity as a personal preference affecting timing decisions and document a bias‚ impatience. Experiment 1 analyzes people’s strategy in timing games in relation to a rational model. Contrasting two cognitive models suggests that individuals apply risk propensity to the probability distributions underlying short games and when unfamiliar with the situation‚ but that‚ over time‚ impatience takes over as a linear adjustment. In Experiment 2‚ impatient participants risk their incentive payment in order to play early‚ even if they receive no advantage from doing so.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2014impatience, address = {Quebec, Canada}, title = {Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/moojan2014impatience.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {2841--2846} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = CogSci| pages = 2841–2846| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games| booktitle = Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Quebec, Canada| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Jens Grossklags, and Alan Nochenson. “Risk-Seeking in a Continuous Game of Timing.” Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Ed. R. West and T. Stewart. Ottawa, Canada: N.p., 2013. 397–403. Web.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player‚ 20-second FlipIt game‚ in which a player has to react to an estimated‚ externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represented once as time interval‚ and once as distance in time and space. Risk-taking propensity is an individual parameter obtained via a standardized survey instrument. We find that risk propensity affects participants’ decisions in early and late rounds of the game and show that risk-seeking individuals fail to play well initially in the difficult‚ time-interval estimation task‚ but that they can be trained to make rational choices. Participants’ biases are gaussian-distributed. They do not reflect the distribution of payoffs or expected utility. We present an ACT-R model using established error distributions for temporal and visual perception and instance-based learning.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013risk-seeking, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013risk.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 12th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens and Nochenson, Alan}, editor = {West, R. and Stewart, T.}, year = {2013}, pages = {397--403} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| pages = 397–403| editors = R. West, T. Stewart (eds.)| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Grossklags| first2 = Jens| last3 = Nochenson| first3 = Alan| title = Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing| booktitle = Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| location = Ottawa, Canada| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Gluck, Kevin A. et al. “Exploration for Understanding in Model Comparisons.” Journal of Artificial General Intelligence 2.2 (2010): 88–107. Web.
Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
J AGI
Abstract
The cognitive modeling and artificial general intelligence research communities may reap greater scientific return on research investments – may achieve an improved understanding of architectures and models – if there is more emphasis on systematic sensitivity and necessity analyses during model development‚ evaluation‚ and comparison. We demonstrate this methodological prescription with two of the models submitted for the Dynamic Stocks and Flows (DSF) Model Comparison Challenge‚ exploring the complex interactions among architectural mechanisms‚ knowledge-level strategy variants‚ and task conditions. To cope with the computational demands of these analyses we use a predictive analytics approach similar to regression trees‚ combined with parallelization on high performance computing clusters‚ to enable large scale‚ simultaneous search and exploration.
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BIB
@article{gluck2010exploration, title = {Exploration for understanding in model comparisons}, volume = {2}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/gluck2010exploration.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Artificial General Intelligence}, author = {Gluck, Kevin A. and Stanley, Clayton T. and L. Richard Moore, Jr. and Reitter, David and Halbrügge, Marc}, year = {2010}, pages = {88--107} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 2| issue = 2| pages = 88–107| last1 = Gluck| first1 = Kevin A.| last2 = Stanley| first2 = Clayton T.| last3 = L. Richard Moore| first3 = Jr.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| last5 = Halbrügge| first5 = Marc| title = Exploration for understanding in model comparisons| journal = Journal of Artificial General Intelligence| date = 2010}}
EndNote

Artificial Intelligence

Ororbia II, Alexander G. et al. “Error-Correction and Aggregation in Crowd-Sourcing of Geopolitical Incident Information.” Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction. Ed. Nitin Agarwal, Kevin Xu, and Nathaniel Osgood. Vol. 9021. Springer, 2015. 381–387. Web. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (SBP).
10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47
SBP
Abstract
A discriminative model is presented for crowd-sourcing the annotation of news stories to produce a structured dataset about incidents involving militarized disputes between nation-states. We used a question tree to gather partially redundant data from each crowd worker. A lattice of Bayesian Networks was then applied to error correct the individual worker annotations‚ the results of which were then aggregated via majority voting. The resulting hybrid model outperformed comparable‚ state-of-the-art aggregation models in both accuracy and computational scalability.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ororbia_ii_error-correction_2015, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science} ({SBP})}, title = {Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information}, volume = {9021}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015crowd.pdf}, booktitle = {Social {Computing}, {Behavioral} {Modeling} and {Prediction}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Xu, Yang and D'Orazio, Vito and Reitter, David}, editor = {Agarwal, Nitin and Xu, Kevin and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2015}, note = {10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47}, pages = {381--387} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| volume = 9021| pages = 381–387| editors = Nitin Agarwal, Kevin Xu, Nathaniel Osgood (eds.)| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Xu| first2 = Yang| last3 = D'Orazio| first3 = Vito| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| title = Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction| chapter = Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information| series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science (SBP)| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Ororbia II, Alexander G. et al. “Online Learning of Deep Hybrid Architectures for Semi-Supervised Categorization.” Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Proceedings, ECML PKDD 2015). Vol. 9284. Porto, Portugal: Springer, 2015. 516–532. Web. Lecture Notes in Computer Science.
ECML PKDD
ECML PKDD
Abstract
A hybrid architecture is presented capable of online learning from both labeled and unlabeled samples. It combines both generative and discriminative objectives to derive a new variant of the Deep Belief Network‚ i.e.‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network model. The model’s training algorithm is built on principles developed from hybrid discriminative Boltzmann machines and composes deep architectures in a greedy fashion. It makes use of its inherent “layer-wise ensemble" nature to perform useful classification work. We (1) compare this architecture against a hybrid Denoising Auto-encoder version of itself as well as several other models and (2) investigate training in the context of an incremental learning procedure. The best-performing hybrid model‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network‚ consistently outperforms all others.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_online_2015, address = {Porto, Portugal}, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization}, volume = {9284}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia_deep_hybrid_ecml_2015.pdf}, booktitle = {Machine {Learning} and {Knowledge} {Discovery} in {Databases} ({Proceedings}, {ECML} {PKDD} 2015)}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Wu, Jian and Giles, C. Lee}, year = {2015}, pages = {516--532} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| conference = ECML PKDD| volume = 9284| pages = 516–532| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Wu| first3 = Jian| last4 = Giles| first4 = C. Lee| title = Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization| booktitle = Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Proceedings, ECML PKDD 2015)| location = Porto, Portugal| series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Paul Scerri. “Smooth Dynamics, Good Performance in Cognitive-Agent Congestion Problems.” Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Berlin, Germany: Cognitive Science Society, 2013. 3269–3274. Web.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
In a congestion game‚ individuals exhaust a common resource out of selfish behavior. In this scenario‚ drivers create traffic jams by choosing the shortest route according to their individual knowledge. They can avoid them by communicating their belief states about the traffic situation in real-time through a peer-to-peer network‚ assuming unlimited bandwidth. We study two potential‚ cognitively inspired models of human behavior: 1) categorization (quantized memorization and communication)‚ which dampens communication and belief adoption‚ but leads to undesired oscillations and lower performance. 2) Instance-based blending with memory decay‚ which achieves good dynamics and near-optimal performance without the same bandwidth needs. We argue that this supports our hypothesis of co-adaptation of cognitive function and communicating communities.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013smooth, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013smooth.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2013}, pages = {3269--3274} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society| conference = CogSci| pages = 3269–3274| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Scerri| first2 = Paul| title = Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems| booktitle = Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Berlin, Germany| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “Social Cognition: Memory Decay and Adaptive Information Filtering for Robust Information Maintenance.” Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence. N.p., 2012. 242–248. Web.
AAAI
AAAI
Abstract
Two information decay methods are examined that help multi-agent systems cope with dynamic environments. The agents in this simulation have human-like memory and a mechanism to moderate their communications: they forget internally stored information via temporal decay‚ and they forget distributed information by filtering it as it passes through a communication network. The agents play a foraging game‚ in which performance depends on communicating facts and requests and on storing facts in internal memory. Parameters of the game and agent models are tuned to human data. Agent groups with moderated communication in small-world networks achieve optimal performance for typical human memory decay values‚ while non-adaptive agents benefit from stronger memory decay. The decay and filtering strategies interact with the properties of the network graph in ways suggestive of an evolutionary co-optimization between the human cognitive system and an external social structure.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012social, title = {Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012socialcognition.pdf}, booktitle = {Twenty-{Sixth} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2012}, pages = {242--248} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = AAAI| pages = 242–248| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Social cognition: memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance| booktitle = Twenty-Sixth Conference on Artificial Intelligence| date = 2012}}
EndNote

Computational Social Science

Cole, Jeremy, Moojan Ghafurian, and David Reitter. “Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities.” Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2017. Web. LNCS.
SBP-BRiMS
SBP-BRiMS
Abstract
This study examines how novel words originate in and disperse through online communities. It asks whether larger numbers of people or closer social ties are better environments to foster the adoption of new words. The data stem from Reddit‚ a large sample of web-mediated‚ asynchronous conversations. Reddit communities are divided by size in this study: larger communities are based on discussing general topics and have weak social ties‚ whereas small communities are based on discussing specific topics and have strong social ties. The analysis shows that the majority of new words are created / first adopted in larger communities.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017is, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Is {Word} {Adoption} a {Grassroots} {Process}? {An} {Analysis} of {Reddit} {Communities}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2017wordadoption.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| conference = SBP-BRiMS| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Ghafurian| first2 = Moojan| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities| booktitle = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS| date = 2017}}
EndNote
D’Orazio, Vito et al. “Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Interstate Conflict.” PLOS ONE 11.6 (2016): e0156527. Web.
PLOS ONE
PLOS ONE
Abstract
Much of the data used to measure conflict is extracted from news reports. This is typically accomplished using either expert coders to quantify the relevant information or machine coders to automatically extract data from documents. Although expert coding is costly‚ it produces quality data. Machine coding is fast and inexpensive‚ but the data are noisy. To diminish the severity of this tradeoff‚ we introduce a method for analyzing news documents that uses crowdsourcing‚ supplemented with computational approaches. The new method is tested on documents about Militarized Interstate Disputes‚ and its accuracy ranges between about 68 and 76 percent. This is shown to be a considerable improvement over automated coding‚ and to cost less and be much faster than expert coding.
PDF
BIB
@article{dorazio2016crowdsourcing, title = {Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict}, volume = {11}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dorazio2016conflict.pdf}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156527}, number = {6}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {e0156527} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0156527| volume = 11| issue = 6| pages = –0156527| last1 = D'Orazio| first1 = Vito| last2 = Kenwick| first2 = Michael| last3 = Lane| first3 = Matthew| last4 = Palmer| first4 = Glenn| last5 = Reitter| first5 = David| title = Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict| journal = PLOS ONE| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Cole, Jeremy, Ying Xu, and David Reitter. “How People Talk about Armed Conflicts: An Analysis of Reddit Data.” Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2016. 366–376. Web. LNCS 9708.
SBP-BRiMS
SBP-BRiMS
Abstract
Armed conflicts around the world produce displacement‚ in- jury‚ and death. This study examines how anonymous and pseudony- mous Internet commenters discuss such conflicts. Specifically‚ we ask how permissible it is to express positive or negative sentiments about these conflicts as a function of variables including region‚ conflict nature‚ and severity. Data from the Armed Conflicts Database is aggregated to identify a number of potential factors that may influence views on ac- ceptable sentiments. A large-scale sample of the Reddit comment forum was coded for positive and negative sentiments using sentiment analy- sis techniques. Permissibility is judged using the Reddit voting features. Regressions reveal that positive sentiments are found not permissible for higher numbers of fatalities‚ and that negative sentiments are found permissible for certain regions‚ more permissible for older conflicts‚ and less permissible for territorial conflicts. A number of alternative‚ non- correlated predictors are presented.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2016how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS} 9708}, title = {How people talk about armed conflicts: {An} analysis of {Reddit} data}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2016armedconflicts.pdf}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Xu, Ying and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {366--376} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| doi = 10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7_35| conference = SBP-BRiMS| pages = 366–376| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Xu| first2 = Ying| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = How people talk about armed conflicts: An analysis of Reddit data| booktitle = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS 9708| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Xu, Kevin S. et al., eds. Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016. Switzerland: Springer, 2016. Web. LNCS 9708.
doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7
SBP-BRiMS
link
BIB
@book{xu2016social, address = {Switzerland}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}. 9th {International} {Conference}, {SBP}-{BRiMS} 2016}, shorttitle = {{SBP}-{BRiMS}}, url = {https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7}, number = {9708}, publisher = {Springer}, editor = {Xu, Kevin S. and Reitter, David and Lee, Dongwon and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2016}, note = {doi://10.1007/978-3-319-39931-7} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| others = Kevin S. Xu, David Reitter, Dongwon Lee, Nathaniel Osgood (eds.)| title = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016| location = Switzerland| series = LNCS| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Scerri, Paul, and David Reitter. “Cognitive Instance-Based Learning Agents in a Multi-Agent Congestion Game.” Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013. N.p., 2013. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{scerri2013cognitive, title = {Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/scerri2013informationsharing.pdf}, booktitle = {Workshop on {Information} {Sharing} in {Large} {Scale} {Multi}-{Agent} {Systems}, at {AAMAS} 2013}, author = {Scerri, Paul and Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Scerri| first1 = Paul| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game| booktitle = Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Paul Scerri. “Smooth Dynamics, Good Performance in Cognitive-Agent Congestion Problems.” Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Berlin, Germany: Cognitive Science Society, 2013. 3269–3274. Web.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
In a congestion game‚ individuals exhaust a common resource out of selfish behavior. In this scenario‚ drivers create traffic jams by choosing the shortest route according to their individual knowledge. They can avoid them by communicating their belief states about the traffic situation in real-time through a peer-to-peer network‚ assuming unlimited bandwidth. We study two potential‚ cognitively inspired models of human behavior: 1) categorization (quantized memorization and communication)‚ which dampens communication and belief adoption‚ but leads to undesired oscillations and lower performance. 2) Instance-based blending with memory decay‚ which achieves good dynamics and near-optimal performance without the same bandwidth needs. We argue that this supports our hypothesis of co-adaptation of cognitive function and communicating communities.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013smooth, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013smooth.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2013}, pages = {3269--3274} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society| conference = CogSci| pages = 3269–3274| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Scerri| first2 = Paul| title = Smooth dynamics, good performance in cognitive-agent congestion problems| booktitle = Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Berlin, Germany| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Lexical Language Evolution in Networked Human Groups.” Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks. Chicago, IL: N.p., 2012. Web.
WON
WON
Abstract
The development and refinement of natural-language communication systems among networked individuals is not well understood and difficult to study. This paper uses a task providing a controlled environment for the goal-oriented‚ collaborative exchange of short‚ natural-language messages between experimental participants (20 per group) in order to demonstrate lexical convergence. A technique for illustrating convergence based on graph layout by multidimensional scaling is described. While reliable convergence is shown‚ it is limited to the collaborative or communicative situation: participants did not adopt group terms in a separately administered post-test questionnaire.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012lexical, address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Lexical language evolution in networked human groups}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012lexical.pdf}, booktitle = {Words and {Networks}: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks}}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = WON| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Lexical language evolution in networked human groups| booktitle = Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Diesner, Jana, and David Reitter, eds. Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012). Chicago, IL: Association for Computing Machinery, 2012. Print.
WON
BIB
@book{diesner2012proc., address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Proc. {Words} and {Networks} 2012: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON}2012)}, shorttitle = {{WON}}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, editor = {Diesner, Jana and Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computing Machinery| others = Jana Diesner, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012)| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Paul Scerri. “Social Multi-Agent Learning with Simple and Cognitive Agents.” CAOSS 2012: Workshop on Computational and Online Social Science. New York, N.Y. 2012. Poster.
BIB
@misc{reitter2012social, address = {New York, N.Y.}, type = {Poster}, title = {Social multi-agent learning with simple and cognitive agents}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Scerri| first2 = Paul| title = Social multi-agent learning with simple and cognitive agents| location = New York, N.Y.| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “How Groups Develop a Specialized Domain Vocabulary: A Cognitive Multi-Agent Model.” Cognitive Systems Research 12.2 (2011): 175–185. Web.
Cognitive Systems Research
J Cog Sys Res
Abstract
We simulate the evolution of a domain vocabulary in small communities. Empirical data show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language. We propose that simulations of such cultural evolution incorporate properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). A cognitive model is described that encodes abstract concepts with small sets of concrete‚ related concepts (directing)‚ and that also decodes such signs (matching). Learning captures conventionalized signs. Relatedness of concepts is characterized by a mixture of shared and individual knowledge‚ which we sample from a text corpus. Simulations show vocabulary convergence of agent communities of varied structure‚ but idiosyncrasy in vocabularies of each dyad of models. Convergence is weakened when agents do not alternate between encoding and decoding‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication. Convergence is improved by explicit feedback about communicative success. We hypothesize that humans seek out subtle clues to gauge success in order to guide their vocabulary acquisition.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2011how, title = {How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: {A} cognitive multi-agent model}, volume = {12}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011domainvocabulary.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {175--185} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005| volume = 12| issue = 2| pages = 175–185| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Reitter, David et al. “How Teams Benefit from Communication Policies: Information Flow in Human Peer-to-Peer Networks.” Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Sundance, UT: N.p., 2011. 138–145. Web.
BRiMS
BRiMS
Abstract
In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ we study the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of teams and of individuals in different positions within a network. This design provides an experimental model of human communities‚ where information may spread from peer to peer by word of mouth. With this model‚ we explain the realistic tradeoff between liberal information dumping and targeted information sharing by human peers. Human subjects exchanged natural-language messages with relevance to a task‚ thereby sharing knowledge across a community. Communication took place along the edges of a small-world graph. Cooperation and individual efforts were incentivized. In one condition‚ participants were asked to request specific information and only supply information that they knew was needed. In another condition‚ they were asked to supply and forward as much information as possible. We found that a targeted communication policy was successfully implemented by the participants‚ increased task success‚ shortened the time it took to get answers to questions‚ increased efficiency (task success per communication bandwidth)‚ and may have done so selectively for nodes with fewer connections.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011how, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011policies.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Reitter, David and Sycara, Katia and Lebiere, Christian and Vinokurov, Yury and Juarez, Antonio and Lewis, Michael}, year = {2011}, pages = {138--145} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = BRiMS| pages = 138–145| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Sycara| first2 = Katia| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = Christian| last4 = Vinokurov| first4 = Yury| last5 = Juarez| first5 = Antonio| last6 = Lewis| first6 = Michael| title = How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference| location = Sundance, UT| date = 2011}}
EndNote

General Cognitive Science

Reitter, David, and Frank E. Ritter. “Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Memory: Selected Papers From the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.” Topics in Cognitive Science 9.1 (2017): 48–50. Web.
Topics in Cognitive Science
TopiCS
Abstract
Computational models of memory presented in this issue reflect varied empirical data and levels of representation. From mathematical models to neural and cognitive architectures‚ all aim to converge on a unified theory of the mind.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2017introduction, title = {Introduction to the {Issue} on {Computational} {Models} of {Memory}: {Selected} {Papers} {From} the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, volume = {9}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2017topicsintroduction.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12249}, number = {1}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2017}, pages = {48--50} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/tops.12249| volume = 9| issue = 1| pages = 48–50| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Ritter| first2 = Frank E.| title = Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Memory: Selected Papers From the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| journal = Topics in Cognitive Science| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Frank E. Ritter, eds. Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Penn State, 2016. Print.
ICCM
BIB
@book{reitter2016proceedings, address = {University Park, PA}, title = {Proceedings of {ICCM} 2016: 14th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, shorttitle = {{ICCM}}, publisher = {Penn State}, editor = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Penn State| others = David Reitter, Frank E. Ritter (eds.)| title = Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Kennedy, William G., Robert St. Amant, and David Reitter. “Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation: Introduction to CMOT Special Issue: BRiMS 2013.” Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 22.1 (2016): 1–3. Web.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
CMOT
link
BIB
@article{kennedy2016behavior, title = {Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to {CMOT} special issue: {BRiMS} 2013}, volume = {22}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10588-015-9194-9}, number = {1}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Kennedy, William G. and St. Amant, Robert and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1--3} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 22| issue = 1| pages = 1–3| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = William G.| last2 = St. Amant| first2 = Robert| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to CMOT special issue: BRiMS 2013| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Cole, Jeremy, David Reitter, and Yanxi Liu. “Symmetry Features and Group Hierarchy Model Human Symmetry Perception.” International Meeting of Psychonomic Society. Grenada, Spain. 2016. Poster presentation.
(Psychonomics)
BIB
@misc{cole2016symmetry, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {Poster presentation}, title = {Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David and Liu, Yanxi}, year = {2016}, note = {(Psychonomics)} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Liu| first3 = Yanxi| title = Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception| location = Grenada, Spain| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Liu, Yanxi, Jeremy Cole, and David Reitter. “Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns Using Timed Trials.” Vision Sciences Society Sixteenth Annual Meeting (VSS). Florida. 2016. oral presentation.
VSS
Abstract
Most literature on symmetry perception has focused on bilateral reflection symmetry‚ with some suggesting that it is the only type of symmetry humans can perceive (Wilson&Wilkinson‚ Vis. Res. 42(5)‚ 2002). Using image-stimuli generated from mathematically well-defined 17 wallpaper groups (Kohler et al.‚ J. Neurosci.‚ in press) and timed trials‚ we seek to demonstrate that humans can discriminate various symmetries found in 2D wallpaper patterns (Liu‚ et al Found.&Trends in Comp.Graph.&Vis.‚ 2010). Furthermore‚ we examine which features play an essential role in wallpaper pattern perception. The features include: reflection‚ maximum order of rotation‚ glide reflection‚ tile shape and subgroup distance‚ referring to the shortest path between the two wallpaper groups in the group hierarchy. We recruited 106 individuals (Amazon Mechanical Turks) to compare three images (target‚ probe‚ probe) and to choose the probe most similar to the target within five seconds. Each participant performed 272 (=17x16) trials. Participants compare among all possible wallpaper group pairs. Every group comparison except one is distinguishable (p< 0.05); all are likely distinguishable (p< 0.10). After modeling every defining feature of symmetry groups using linear mixed-effects regression (GLMM)‚ we used AIC selection to compare models. Our selected model includs subgroup distance‚ 3-fold rotation‚ 4-fold rotation‚ and the T1 and D1 axes. Even in a model with all other features‚ subgroup distance is a significant additional predictor (p< 0.0001). This distance measure has shown to be a better proxy describing human perceptual processes than individual features. This suggests that the mathematically motivated symmetry group hierarchy may be a valid model of pattern perception.
BIB
@misc{liu2016human, address = {Florida}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Human {Visual} {Perception} of the 17 {Wallpaper}-{Group} {Patterns} using {Timed} {Trials}}, author = {Liu, Yanxi and Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Liu| first1 = Yanxi| last2 = Cole| first2 = Jeremy| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns using Timed Trials| location = Florida| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Paik, Jaehyon et al. “Predicting User Performance and Learning in Human-Computer Interaction with the Herbal Compiler.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 22.5 (2015): Article No. 25. Web.
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
ACM ToCHI
Abstract
We report a way to build a series of GOMS-like cognitive user models representing a range of performance at different stages of learning. We use a spreadsheet task across multiple sessions as an example task; it takes about 20–30 min. to perform. The models were created in ACT-R using a compiler. The novice model has 29 rules and 1‚152 declarative memory task elements (chunks)—it learns to create procedural knowledge to perform the task. The expert model has 617 rules and 614 task chunks (that it does not use) and 538 command string chunks—it gets slightly faster through limited declarative learning of the command strings and some further production compilation; there are a range of intermediate models. These models were tested against aggregate and individual human learning data‚ confirming the models’ predictions. This work suggests that user models can be created that learn like users while doing the task.
PDF
BIB
@article{paik2015predicting, title = {Predicting user performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the {Herbal} compiler}, volume = {22}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/paikKRR15.pdf}, doi = {10.1145/2776891}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Paik, Jaehyon and Kim, Jong W. and Ritter, Frank E. and Reitter, David}, year = {2015}, pages = {Article No. 25} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1145/2776891| volume = 22| issue = 5| pages = –25| last1 = Paik| first1 = Jaehyon| last2 = Kim| first2 = Jong W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = Frank E.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| title = Predicting user performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Reitter, David et al. “Cognitive Models Predicting Surprise in Robot Operators.” Proc. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Groningen, Netherlands: N.p., 2015. Poster Abstract. Web.
ICCM
ICCM
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2015cognitive, address = {Groningen, Netherlands}, title = {Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/surprisal2015iccm.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Xu, Yang and Craven, Patrick and Sándor, Anikó and Garrett, R. Chris and Cross, E. Vince and Franke, Jerry L.}, year = {2015}, pages = {Poster Abstract} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| pages = –| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Xu| first2 = Yang| last3 = Craven| first3 = Patrick| last4 = Sándor| first4 = Anikó| last5 = Garrett| first5 = R. Chris| last6 = Cross| first6 = E. Vince| last7 = Franke| first7 = Jerry L.| title = Cognitive models predicting surprise in robot operators| booktitle = Proc. International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Groningen, Netherlands| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Reitter, D., E. W. Stacy, and E. Mezzacappa, eds. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society, 2015. Print.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{reitter2015proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 24th {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W. and Mezzacappa, E.}, year = {2015} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = BRiMS Society| others = D. Reitter, E. W. Stacy, E. Mezzacappa (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2015}}
EndNote
St.Amant, Robert, D. Reitter, and E. W. Stacy, eds. Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society, 2014. Print.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{st.amant2014proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {St.Amant, Robert and Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W.}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = BRiMS Society| others = Robert St.Amant, D. Reitter, E. W. Stacy (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Kennedy, William G., D. Reitter, and Robert St Amant, eds. Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ottawa, Canada: BRiMS Society, 2013. Print.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{kennedy2013proceedings, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Kennedy, William G. and Reitter, D. and Amant, Robert St}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = BRiMS Society| others = William G. Kennedy, D. Reitter, Robert St Amant (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Ottawa, Canada| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Schaffer, Stefan, and David Reitter. “Modeling Efficiency-Guided Modality Choice in Voice and Graphical User Interfaces.” Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Ed. Nele Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, and H. van Rijn. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin, 2012. 253–254. Print.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
In multimodal human computer interaction users can often select between specific input modalities. Modality choice is influenced by various factors including user attributes‚ system attributes‚ the task and the environment (e.g. Lemmelä et al.‚ 2008). Here‚ we describe on-going research into cognitive models of input modality selection.
BIB
@inproceedings{schaffer2012modeling, address = {Berlin}, title = {Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Schaffer, Stefan and Reitter, David}, editor = {Russwinkel, Nele and Drewitz, U. and Rijn, H. van}, year = {2012}, pages = {253--254} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin| conference = ICCM| pages = 253–254| editors = Nele Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, H. van Rijn (eds.)| last1 = Schaffer| first1 = Stefan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces| booktitle = Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Berlin| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Roger Levy, eds. Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2012. Web.
CMCL
PDF
BIB
@book{reitter2012proc., address = {Montréal, Quebec, Canada}, title = {Proc. 3rd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W12/W12-17.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Reitter, David and Levy, Roger}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| others = David Reitter, Roger Levy (eds.)| title = Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics| location = Montréal, Quebec, Canada| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “Towards Cognitive Models of Communication and Group Intelligence.” Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Boston, MA: Cognitive Science Society, 2011. 734–739. Web.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
In social tasks‚ communication and task execution are often co-dependent‚ yet they represent a tradeoff. We present a cognitive model of an experimental task consisting of a collaborative and competitive game played by groups of human participants organized in a smallworld graph. In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of networked participants was observed. The model follows the ACT-R theory and provides a formalization of the decision-making processes and tradeoffs involved. A simulation of the hypothetical case of unnatural memory decay shows decreased performance and supports a prediction of the thesis that memory limitations have co-evolved with social structure.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011towards, address = {Boston, MA}, title = {Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter-lebiere2011group-intelligence.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {734--739} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society| conference = CogSci| pages = 734–739| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Towards cognitive models of communication and group intelligence| booktitle = Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Boston, MA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Keller, Frank, and David Reitter, eds. Proc. 2nd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Portland, OR, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2011. Web.
CMCL
PDF
BIB
@book{keller2011proc., address = {Portland, OR, USA}, title = {Proc. 2nd workshop on cognitive modeling and computational linguistics}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W/W11/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Keller, Frank and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| others = Frank Keller, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. 2nd workshop on cognitive modeling and computational linguistics| location = Portland, OR, USA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Warwick, Walter et al. “Results and Lessons Learned from the 2009 DSF Model Comparison Challenge.” Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Charleston, SC: N.p., 2010. Web.
BRiMS
BRiMS
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{warwick2010results, address = {Charleston, SC}, title = {Results and lessons learned from the 2009 {DSF} model comparison challenge}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2010symposium.pdf}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 19th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Warwick, Walter and Dutt, Varun and Gluck, Kevin A. and Reitter, David}, year = {2010} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = BRiMS| last1 = Warwick| first1 = Walter| last2 = Dutt| first2 = Varun| last3 = Gluck| first3 = Kevin A.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| title = Results and lessons learned from the 2009 DSF model comparison challenge| booktitle = Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference| location = Charleston, SC| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Lebiere, Christian et al. “Scaling up High-Fidelity Cognitive Modeling to Real-World Applications.” Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application. Amsterdam, NL: N.p., 2010. 1–20. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{lebiere2010scaling, address = {Amsterdam, NL}, title = {Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {NATO} {Workshop} on {Human} {Modeling} for {Military} {Application}}, author = {Lebiere, Christian and Stocco, Andrea and Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion}, year = {2010}, pages = {1--20} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 1–20| last1 = Lebiere| first1 = Christian| last2 = Stocco| first2 = Andrea| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| last4 = Juvina| first4 = Ion| title = Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications| booktitle = Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application| location = Amsterdam, NL| date = 2010}}
EndNote

Other Topics

Reitter, David. “Hungry Wolves, Creepy Sheepies: The Gamification of the Programmer’s Classroom.” Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology. Ed. John M. Carroll. Springer, 2014. 19–29. Web.
Abstract
The Wolves and Sheep game is an educational‚ multi-agent computer simulation for students of programming classes. Players move about in a two- dimensional landscape‚ aiming to reach targets or catch other players. Students write programs that control individual players in the game. The programs then participate in a tournament. Students practice basic programming and algorithmic thinking‚ object-orientation and the role of interfaces‚ and are even exposed to basic Artificial Intelligence. Gamification helps motivate students and creates positive‚ but challenging learning experiences.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{reitter2014hungry, title = {Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014hungryWolves.pdf}, booktitle = {Innovative {Practices} in {Teaching} {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Carroll, John M.}, year = {2014}, pages = {19--29} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| pages = 19–29| editors = John M. Carroll (ed.)| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology| chapter = Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom| date = 2014}}
EndNote

Talks (Without Paper)

Ororbia II, Alexander G., David Reitter, and C. Lee Giles. “The Temporal Neural Coding Network: Towards Lifelong Language Learning.” 11th Annual Machine Learning Symposium. The New York Academy of Sciences. 2017.
Abstract
We present a novel lifelong neural architecture‚ the Temporal Neural Coding Network (TNCN)‚ and its learning algorithm‚ for uncovering multiple levels of distributed representations for language data streams. The TNCN model adapts its parameters iteratively as new samples are observed without resorting to the popular‚ but expensive back-propagation through time procedure needed to calculate gradients for recurrent neural networks‚ notably requiring no unrolling of internally defined recurrence relations. Furthermore‚ we integrate concepts from variational encoder-decoder models‚ such as those in [1]‚ to easily demonstrate how uncertainty can be characterized in the model’s next step predictions. We discuss how the proposed TNCN works specifically on language-based tasks formulated in the streaming setting‚ compared to various neural models‚ as well as how the TNCN may be easily adapted to other real-time tasks‚ such as video sequence modeling‚ yielding a natural framework for online multi-modal and online semi-supervised learning.
BIB
@misc{ororbia_ii_temporal_2017, address = {The New York Academy of Sciences}, title = {The {Temporal} {Neural} {Coding} {Network}: {Towards} {Lifelong} {Language} {Learning}}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Giles, C. Lee}, month = mar, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Giles| first3 = C. Lee| title = The Temporal Neural Coding Network: Towards Lifelong Language Learning| location = The New York Academy of Sciences| date = 2017-03}}
EndNote
Reitter, David et al. “Cognitive Security.” 13th Annual Workshop on the Economics of Information Security. University Park, PA. 2014. Panel.
BIB
@misc{reitter2014cognitive, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Cognitive security}, author = {Reitter, David and Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Meyer, Joachim}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Gonzalez| first2 = Cleotilde| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = Christian| last4 = Meyer| first4 = Joachim| title = Cognitive security| location = University Park, PA| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Anderson, Ross et al. “Human Aspects of Cybersecurity.” Department of Homeland Security Workshop on Incentives and Regulation of Cybersecurity. University Park, PA. 2014. Panel.
BIB
@misc{anderson2014human, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Human aspects of cybersecurity}, author = {Anderson, Ross and Meyer, Joachim and Moore, Tyler and Randazzese, Lucien and {Reitter, D. (Moderator)}}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Anderson| first1 = Ross| last2 = Meyer| first2 = Joachim| last3 = Moore| first3 = Tyler| last4 = Randazzese| first4 = Lucien| last5 = Reitter, D. (Moderator)| title = Human aspects of cybersecurity| location = University Park, PA| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Big-Data Insights into Cognitive Representations of Language Processing.” The 2nd International Workshop on Advanced Learning Sciences. Taipei, Taiwan. 2014. Invited Talk.
BIB
@misc{reitter2014big-data, address = {Taipei, Taiwan}, type = {Invited {Talk}}, title = {Big-{Data} insights into cognitive representations of language processing}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Big-Data insights into cognitive representations of language processing| location = Taipei, Taiwan| date = 2014}}
EndNote
D’Orazio, Vito et al. “Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data.” Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association. Toronto, Canada. 2014. Talk.
BIB
@misc{dorazio2014crowdsourcing, address = {Toronto, Canada}, type = {Talk}, title = {Crowdsourcing the {Measurement} of {Observational} {Data}}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = D'Orazio| first1 = Vito| last2 = Kenwick| first2 = Michael| last3 = Lane| first3 = Matthew| last4 = Palmer| first4 = Glenn| last5 = Reitter| first5 = David| title = Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data| location = Toronto, Canada| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Computational and Underspecified Approaches to Standardization.” Methods for Communicating the Structure and Content of a Cognitive Model, at:Human Factors and Ergonomics Society International Annual Meeting. San Diego, CA. 2013. Panel.
PDF
BIB
@misc{reitter2013computational, address = {San Diego, CA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2013hfes.pdf}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization| location = San Diego, CA| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Gonzalez, Cleotilde et al. “Scaling Individual Decision Making Models to Models of Social Networks.” Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS). Provo, UT: N.p., 2011. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{gonzalez2011scaling, address = {Provo, UT}, title = {Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Juvina, Ion and Erev, Ido and Zinkevich, Martin and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Gonzalez| first1 = Cleotilde| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| last3 = Juvina| first3 = Ion| last4 = Erev| first4 = Ido| last5 = Zinkevich| first5 = Martin| last6 = Reitter| first6 = David| title = Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks| booktitle = Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS)| location = Provo, UT| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Mason, Winter et al. “Cognition and Social Dynamics: A New Approach to Emergent Phenomena.” Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science. Washington, D.C. 2011. Talk.
BIB
@misc{mason2011cognition, address = {Washington, D.C.}, type = {Talk}, title = {Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena}, author = {Mason, Winter and Reitter, David and Coman, Alin and Hirst, Bill}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Mason| first1 = Winter| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Coman| first3 = Alin| last4 = Hirst| first4 = Bill| title = Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2011}}
EndNote

Software

Reitter, David. Wolves & Sheep - an Edu-Simulation. N.p., 2015. Web.
Abstract
This is a multi-agent‚ bio-inspired simulation; it is a competitive game and a tournament written for 5-50 beginner programmers. It is designed as educational tool: Students of an intermediate programming class taught in Java write code that controls a single player in this simulation. Players are pitched against each other; typically 5 at a time. A tournament runs many combinations of players in many adjustable scenarios. The tournament is set up to run regularly on a server‚ taking .jar files provided by students. It uses standard visibility and sandboxing features of Java to provide a basic level of security.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter2015wolves, title = {Wolves \& {Sheep} - an edu-simulation}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/wolvesandsheep}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Wolves & Sheep - an edu-simulation| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. Zot_bib_web - Interactive Web Bibliographies. N.p., 2014. Web.
Abstract
This tool explores new ways to make bibliographies interactive‚ searchable and discoverable. Zot_bib_web generates HTML bibliographies based on one or more collections in a Zotero repository. These collections can be maintained by groups of people‚ using Zotero’s web interface or their desktop applications.
link
BIB
@misc{reitter_zot_bib_web_2014, title = {Zot\_bib\_web - interactive web bibliographies}, copyright = {Free Software}, url = {https://github.com/davidswelt/zotweb/}bib, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Zot_bib_web - interactive web bibliographies| date = 2014}}
EndNote

Miscellaneous

D’Orazio, Vito et al. “Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Interstate Conflict.” PLOS ONE 11.6 (2016): e0156527. Web.
PLOS ONE
PLOS ONE
Abstract
Much of the data used to measure conflict is extracted from news reports. This is typically accomplished using either expert coders to quantify the relevant information or machine coders to automatically extract data from documents. Although expert coding is costly‚ it produces quality data. Machine coding is fast and inexpensive‚ but the data are noisy. To diminish the severity of this tradeoff‚ we introduce a method for analyzing news documents that uses crowdsourcing‚ supplemented with computational approaches. The new method is tested on documents about Militarized Interstate Disputes‚ and its accuracy ranges between about 68 and 76 percent. This is shown to be a considerable improvement over automated coding‚ and to cost less and be much faster than expert coding.
PDF
BIB
@article{dorazio2016crowdsourcing, title = {Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict}, volume = {11}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dorazio2016conflict.pdf}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156527}, number = {6}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {e0156527} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0156527| volume = 11| issue = 6| pages = –0156527| last1 = D'Orazio| first1 = Vito| last2 = Kenwick| first2 = Michael| last3 = Lane| first3 = Matthew| last4 = Palmer| first4 = Glenn| last5 = Reitter| first5 = David| title = Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict| journal = PLOS ONE| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Xu, Yang, and David Reitter. “Entropy Converges between Dialogue Participants: Explanations from an Information-Theoretic Perspective.” Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 1 (Long Papers). Berlin, Germany: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016. 537–546. Web.
ACL
ACL
Abstract
The applicability of entropy rate constancy to dialogue is examined on two spoken dialogue corpora. The principle is found to hold; however‚ new entropy change patterns within the topic episodes of dialogue are described‚ which are different from written text. Speaker’s dynamic roles as topic initiators and topic responders are associated with decreasing and increasing entropy‚ respectively‚ which results in local convergence between these speakers in each topic episode. This implies that the sentence entropy in dialogue is conditioned on different contexts determined by the speaker’s roles. Explanations from the perspectives of grounding theory and interactive alignment are discussed‚ resulting in a novel‚ unified information-theoretic approach of dialogue.
link
BIB
@inproceedings{xu2016entropy, address = {Berlin, Germany}, title = {Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective}, volume = {1 (Long Papers)}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P16-1051}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Association} for {Computational} {Linguistics}}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, author = {Xu, Yang and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {537--546} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| conference = ACL| volume = 1 (Long Papers)| pages = 537–546| last1 = Xu| first1 = Yang| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Entropy converges between dialogue participants: explanations from an information-theoretic perspective| booktitle = Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics| location = Berlin, Germany| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Ororbia II, Alexander G. et al. “Error-Correction and Aggregation in Crowd-Sourcing of Geopolitical Incident Information.” Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction. Ed. Nitin Agarwal, Kevin Xu, and Nathaniel Osgood. Vol. 9021. Springer, 2015. 381–387. Web. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (SBP).
10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47
SBP
Abstract
A discriminative model is presented for crowd-sourcing the annotation of news stories to produce a structured dataset about incidents involving militarized disputes between nation-states. We used a question tree to gather partially redundant data from each crowd worker. A lattice of Bayesian Networks was then applied to error correct the individual worker annotations‚ the results of which were then aggregated via majority voting. The resulting hybrid model outperformed comparable‚ state-of-the-art aggregation models in both accuracy and computational scalability.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ororbia_ii_error-correction_2015, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science} ({SBP})}, title = {Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information}, volume = {9021}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ororbia2015crowd.pdf}, booktitle = {Social {Computing}, {Behavioral} {Modeling} and {Prediction}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Xu, Yang and D'Orazio, Vito and Reitter, David}, editor = {Agarwal, Nitin and Xu, Kevin and Osgood, Nathaniel}, year = {2015}, note = {10.1007/978-3-319-16268-3 47}, pages = {381--387} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| volume = 9021| pages = 381–387| editors = Nitin Agarwal, Kevin Xu, Nathaniel Osgood (eds.)| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Xu| first2 = Yang| last3 = D'Orazio| first3 = Vito| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| title = Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction| chapter = Error-correction and aggregation in crowd-sourcing of geopolitical incident information| series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science (SBP)| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Johanna D. Moore. “Alignment and Task Success in Spoken Dialogue.” Journal of Memory and Language 76 (2014): 29–46. Web.
Journal of Memory and Language
J Mem Lang
Abstract
Task-solving in dialogue depends on the convergence of the situation models held by the dialogue partners. The Interactive Alignment Model (Pickering and Garrod‚ 2004) suggests that this convergence is the result of an interactive alignment process‚ which is based on mechanistic repetition at a number of linguistic levels. In this paper‚ we develop two predictions arising from the theory‚ along with two methods to quantify the known structural priming effects in the full inventory of syntactic choices found in text and speech corpora. (a) Under a rational perspective‚ we expect increased repetition in task-oriented dialogue compared to spontaneous conversation. We find within- and between-speaker priming in a corpus of spontaneous conversations‚ but stronger priming in task-oriented dialogue. (b) The Interactive Alignment Model predicts linguistic adaptation to be correlated with task success. We show this effect in a corpus of task-oriented dialogue‚ where we find a positive correlation of long-term adaptation and a quantifiable task success measure. We argue that the repetition tendency relevant for the high-level alignment of situation models is based on slow adaptation rather than short-term priming. We demonstrate that lexical and syntactic repetition are reliable and computationally exploitable predictors of task success.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2014alignment, title = {Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue}, volume = {76}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014JML-alignment.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008}, journal = {Journal of Memory and Language}, author = {Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2014}, pages = {29--46} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.jml.2014.05.008| volume = 76| pages = 29–46| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Moore| first2 = Johanna D.| title = Alignment and task success in spoken dialogue| journal = Journal of Memory and Language| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Grossklags, Jens, and David Reitter. “How Task Familiarity and Cognitive Predispositions Impact Behavior in a Security Game of Timing.” Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium. Vienna: N.p., 2014. 111–122. Web.
CSF
CSF
Abstract
This paper addresses security and safety choices that involve a decision on the timing of an action. Examples of such decisions include when to check log files for intruders and when to monitor financial accounts for fraud or errors. To better understand how performance in timing-related security situations is shaped by individuals’ cognitive predispositions‚ we effectively combine survey measures with economic experiments. Two behavioral experiments are presented in which the timing of online security actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision-environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{grossklags2014how, address = {Vienna}, title = {How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/grossklags2014csf.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th {IEEE} {Computer} {Security} {Foundations} {Symposium}}, author = {Grossklags, Jens and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {111--122} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = CSF| pages = 111–122| last1 = Grossklags| first1 = Jens| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing| booktitle = Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium| location = Vienna| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Wang, Yafei, David Reitter, and John Yen. “Linguistic Adaptation in Online Conversation Threads: Analyzing Alignment in Online Health Communities.” Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (at ACL). Baltimore, Maryland, USA: N.p., 2014. 55–62. Web.
CMCL
CMCL
Abstract
Previous studies of alignment have focused on two-party conversations. We study multi-party conversation in online health communities‚ which have shown benefits for their members from forum conversations. So far‚ our understanding of the relationship between alignment in such multi-party conversations and its possible connection to member benefits has been limited. This paper quantifies linguistic alignment in the oldest and the largest cancer online forum. Alignment at lexical and syntactic levels‚ as well as decay of alignment was observed in forum threads‚ although the decay was slower than commonly found in psycholinguistic studies. The different pattern of adaptation to the initial post on a thread suggests that specific roles in the online forum (e.g.‚ seeking support from the community) can potentially be revealed through alignment theory and its extensions.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{wang2014linguistic, address = {Baltimore, Maryland, USA}, title = {Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/yafei2014cmcl.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics} (at {ACL})}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2014}, pages = {55--62} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = CMCL| pages = 55–62| last1 = Wang| first1 = Yafei| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Yen| first3 = John| title = Linguistic adaptation in online conversation threads: analyzing alignment in online health communities| booktitle = Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics (at ACL)| location = Baltimore, Maryland, USA| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ghafurian, Moojan, and David Reitter. “Impatience, Risk Propensity and Rationality in Timing Games.” Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Quebec, Canada: N.p., 2014. 2841–2846. Web.
CogSci
CogSci
Abstract
Games of timing reflect dynamic decision-making under uncertainty‚ as it takes place in many real-world situations‚ including health care‚ safety and security. Rather than making discrete decisions‚ participants choose one or more points in time that determine the outcome. We study individual’s biases and characteristics in such games of timing. We examine risk propensity as a personal preference affecting timing decisions and document a bias‚ impatience. Experiment 1 analyzes people’s strategy in timing games in relation to a rational model. Contrasting two cognitive models suggests that individuals apply risk propensity to the probability distributions underlying short games and when unfamiliar with the situation‚ but that‚ over time‚ impatience takes over as a linear adjustment. In Experiment 2‚ impatient participants risk their incentive payment in order to play early‚ even if they receive no advantage from doing so.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2014impatience, address = {Quebec, Canada}, title = {Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/moojan2014impatience.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {2841--2846} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = CogSci| pages = 2841–2846| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games| booktitle = Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Quebec, Canada| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Hungry Wolves, Creepy Sheepies: The Gamification of the Programmer’s Classroom.” Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology. Ed. John M. Carroll. Springer, 2014. 19–29. Web.
Abstract
The Wolves and Sheep game is an educational‚ multi-agent computer simulation for students of programming classes. Players move about in a two- dimensional landscape‚ aiming to reach targets or catch other players. Students write programs that control individual players in the game. The programs then participate in a tournament. Students practice basic programming and algorithmic thinking‚ object-orientation and the role of interfaces‚ and are even exposed to basic Artificial Intelligence. Gamification helps motivate students and creates positive‚ but challenging learning experiences.
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BIB
@incollection{reitter2014hungry, title = {Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2014hungryWolves.pdf}, booktitle = {Innovative {Practices} in {Teaching} {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Reitter, David}, editor = {Carroll, John M.}, year = {2014}, pages = {19--29} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| pages = 19–29| editors = John M. Carroll (ed.)| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology| chapter = Hungry wolves, creepy sheepies: the gamification of the programmer's classroom| date = 2014}}
EndNote
St.Amant, Robert, D. Reitter, and E. W. Stacy, eds. Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society, 2014. Print.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{st.amant2014proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {St.Amant, Robert and Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W.}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = BRiMS Society| others = Robert St.Amant, D. Reitter, E. W. Stacy (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Jens Grossklags, and Alan Nochenson. “Risk-Seeking in a Continuous Game of Timing.” Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Ed. R. West and T. Stewart. Ottawa, Canada: N.p., 2013. 397–403. Web.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player‚ 20-second FlipIt game‚ in which a player has to react to an estimated‚ externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represented once as time interval‚ and once as distance in time and space. Risk-taking propensity is an individual parameter obtained via a standardized survey instrument. We find that risk propensity affects participants’ decisions in early and late rounds of the game and show that risk-seeking individuals fail to play well initially in the difficult‚ time-interval estimation task‚ but that they can be trained to make rational choices. Participants’ biases are gaussian-distributed. They do not reflect the distribution of payoffs or expected utility. We present an ACT-R model using established error distributions for temporal and visual perception and instance-based learning.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013risk-seeking, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013risk.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 12th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens and Nochenson, Alan}, editor = {West, R. and Stewart, T.}, year = {2013}, pages = {397--403} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = ICCM| pages = 397–403| editors = R. West, T. Stewart (eds.)| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Grossklags| first2 = Jens| last3 = Nochenson| first3 = Alan| title = Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing| booktitle = Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| location = Ottawa, Canada| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Scerri, Paul, and David Reitter. “Cognitive Instance-Based Learning Agents in a Multi-Agent Congestion Game.” Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013. N.p., 2013. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{scerri2013cognitive, title = {Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/scerri2013informationsharing.pdf}, booktitle = {Workshop on {Information} {Sharing} in {Large} {Scale} {Multi}-{Agent} {Systems}, at {AAMAS} 2013}, author = {Scerri, Paul and Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Scerri| first1 = Paul| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game| booktitle = Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Hale, John, and David Reitter, eds. “Issue on Computational Models of Natural Language.” Topics in Cognitive Science 5.3 (2013): (11 papers). Web.
Topics in Cognitive Science
TopiCS
PDF
BIB
@article{hale2013issue, title = {Issue on computational models of natural language}, volume = {5}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/topics2013-issue-ToC.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12038}, number = {3}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, editor = {Hale, John and Reitter, David}, year = {2013}, pages = {(11 papers)} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/tops.12038| volume = 5| issue = 3| pages = –11 papers)| others = John Hale, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Issue on computational models of natural language| journal = Topics in Cognitive Science| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Kennedy, William G., D. Reitter, and Robert St Amant, eds. Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ottawa, Canada: BRiMS Society, 2013. Print.
BRiMS
BIB
@book{kennedy2013proceedings, address = {Ottawa, Canada}, title = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, shorttitle = {{BRiMS}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Kennedy, William G. and Reitter, D. and Amant, Robert St}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = BRiMS Society| others = William G. Kennedy, D. Reitter, Robert St Amant (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Ottawa, Canada| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Lexical Language Evolution in Networked Human Groups.” Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks. Chicago, IL: N.p., 2012. Web.
WON
WON
Abstract
The development and refinement of natural-language communication systems among networked individuals is not well understood and difficult to study. This paper uses a task providing a controlled environment for the goal-oriented‚ collaborative exchange of short‚ natural-language messages between experimental participants (20 per group) in order to demonstrate lexical convergence. A technique for illustrating convergence based on graph layout by multidimensional scaling is described. While reliable convergence is shown‚ it is limited to the collaborative or communicative situation: participants did not adopt group terms in a separately administered post-test questionnaire.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012lexical, address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Lexical language evolution in networked human groups}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012lexical.pdf}, booktitle = {Words and {Networks}: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks}}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = WON| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Lexical language evolution in networked human groups| booktitle = Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Schaffer, Stefan, and David Reitter. “Modeling Efficiency-Guided Modality Choice in Voice and Graphical User Interfaces.” Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Ed. Nele Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, and H. van Rijn. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin, 2012. 253–254. Print.
ICCM
ICCM
Abstract
In multimodal human computer interaction users can often select between specific input modalities. Modality choice is influenced by various factors including user attributes‚ system attributes‚ the task and the environment (e.g. Lemmelä et al.‚ 2008). Here‚ we describe on-going research into cognitive models of input modality selection.
BIB
@inproceedings{schaffer2012modeling, address = {Berlin}, title = {Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Schaffer, Stefan and Reitter, David}, editor = {Russwinkel, Nele and Drewitz, U. and Rijn, H. van}, year = {2012}, pages = {253--254} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin| conference = ICCM| pages = 253–254| editors = Nele Russwinkel, U. Drewitz, H. van Rijn (eds.)| last1 = Schaffer| first1 = Stefan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Modeling efficiency-guided modality choice in voice and graphical user interfaces| booktitle = Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Berlin| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Diesner, Jana, and David Reitter, eds. Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012). Chicago, IL: Association for Computing Machinery, 2012. Print.
WON
BIB
@book{diesner2012proc., address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Proc. {Words} and {Networks} 2012: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON}2012)}, shorttitle = {{WON}}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, editor = {Diesner, Jana and Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computing Machinery| others = Jana Diesner, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012)| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Roger Levy, eds. Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Montréal, Quebec, Canada: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2012. Web.
CMCL
PDF
BIB
@book{reitter2012proc., address = {Montréal, Quebec, Canada}, title = {Proc. 3rd {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} and {Computational} {Linguistics}}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W12/W12-17.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Reitter, David and Levy, Roger}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| others = David Reitter, Roger Levy (eds.)| title = Proc. 3rd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics| location = Montréal, Quebec, Canada| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “How Groups Develop a Specialized Domain Vocabulary: A Cognitive Multi-Agent Model.” Cognitive Systems Research 12.2 (2011): 175–185. Web.
Cognitive Systems Research
J Cog Sys Res
Abstract
We simulate the evolution of a domain vocabulary in small communities. Empirical data show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language. We propose that simulations of such cultural evolution incorporate properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). A cognitive model is described that encodes abstract concepts with small sets of concrete‚ related concepts (directing)‚ and that also decodes such signs (matching). Learning captures conventionalized signs. Relatedness of concepts is characterized by a mixture of shared and individual knowledge‚ which we sample from a text corpus. Simulations show vocabulary convergence of agent communities of varied structure‚ but idiosyncrasy in vocabularies of each dyad of models. Convergence is weakened when agents do not alternate between encoding and decoding‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication. Convergence is improved by explicit feedback about communicative success. We hypothesize that humans seek out subtle clues to gauge success in order to guide their vocabulary acquisition.
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BIB
@article{reitter2011how, title = {How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: {A} cognitive multi-agent model}, volume = {12}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011domainvocabulary.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {175--185} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005| volume = 12| issue = 2| pages = 175–185| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Frank Keller, and Johanna D. Moore. “A Computational Cognitive Model of Syntactic Priming.” Cognitive Science 35.4 (2011): 587–637. Web.
Cognitive Science
J Cog Sci
Abstract
The psycholinguistic literature has identified two syntactic adaptation effects in language production: rapidly decaying short-term priming and long-lasting adaptation. To explain both effects‚ we present an ACT-R model of syntactic priming based on a wide-coverage‚ lexicalized syntactic theory that explains priming as facilitation of lexical access. In this model‚ two well-established ACT-R mechanisms‚ base-level learning and spreading activation‚ account for long-term adaptation and short-term priming‚ respectively. Our model simulates incremental language production and in a series of modeling studies we show that it accounts for (a) the inverse frequency interaction; (b) the absence of a decay in long-term priming; and (c) the cumulativity of long-term adaptation. The model also explains the lexical boost effect and the fact that it only applies to short-term priming. We also present corpus data that verifies a prediction of the model‚ i.e.‚ that the lexical boost affects all lexical material‚ rather than just heads.
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BIB
@article{reitter2011computational, title = {A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming}, volume = {35}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011syntacticpriming.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x}, number = {4}, journal = {Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2011}, pages = {587--637} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x| volume = 35| issue = 4| pages = 587–637| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Keller| first2 = Frank| last3 = Moore| first3 = Johanna D.| title = A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming| journal = Cognitive Science| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Reitter, David et al. “How Teams Benefit from Communication Policies: Information Flow in Human Peer-to-Peer Networks.” Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Sundance, UT: N.p., 2011. 138–145. Web.
BRiMS
BRiMS
Abstract
In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ we study the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of teams and of individuals in different positions within a network. This design provides an experimental model of human communities‚ where information may spread from peer to peer by word of mouth. With this model‚ we explain the realistic tradeoff between liberal information dumping and targeted information sharing by human peers. Human subjects exchanged natural-language messages with relevance to a task‚ thereby sharing knowledge across a community. Communication took place along the edges of a small-world graph. Cooperation and individual efforts were incentivized. In one condition‚ participants were asked to request specific information and only supply information that they knew was needed. In another condition‚ they were asked to supply and forward as much information as possible. We found that a targeted communication policy was successfully implemented by the participants‚ increased task success‚ shortened the time it took to get answers to questions‚ increased efficiency (task success per communication bandwidth)‚ and may have done so selectively for nodes with fewer connections.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011how, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011policies.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Reitter, David and Sycara, Katia and Lebiere, Christian and Vinokurov, Yury and Juarez, Antonio and Lewis, Michael}, year = {2011}, pages = {138--145} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = BRiMS| pages = 138–145| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Sycara| first2 = Katia| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = Christian| last4 = Vinokurov| first4 = Yury| last5 = Juarez| first5 = Antonio| last6 = Lewis| first6 = Michael| title = How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference| location = Sundance, UT| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Keller, Frank, and David Reitter, eds. Proc. 2nd Workshop on Cognitive Modeling and Computational Linguistics. Portland, OR, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2011. Web.
CMCL
PDF
BIB
@book{keller2011proc., address = {Portland, OR, USA}, title = {Proc. 2nd workshop on cognitive modeling and computational linguistics}, shorttitle = {{CMCL}}, url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W/W11/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}, editor = {Keller, Frank and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computational Linguistics| others = Frank Keller, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. 2nd workshop on cognitive modeling and computational linguistics| location = Portland, OR, USA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Mason, Winter et al. “Cognition and Social Dynamics: A New Approach to Emergent Phenomena.” Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science. Washington, D.C. 2011. Talk.
BIB
@misc{mason2011cognition, address = {Washington, D.C.}, type = {Talk}, title = {Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena}, author = {Mason, Winter and Reitter, David and Coman, Alin and Hirst, Bill}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Mason| first1 = Winter| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Coman| first3 = Alin| last4 = Hirst| first4 = Bill| title = Cognition and social dynamics: a new approach to emergent phenomena| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Gluck, Kevin A. et al. “Exploration for Understanding in Model Comparisons.” Journal of Artificial General Intelligence 2.2 (2010): 88–107. Web.
Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
J AGI
Abstract
The cognitive modeling and artificial general intelligence research communities may reap greater scientific return on research investments – may achieve an improved understanding of architectures and models – if there is more emphasis on systematic sensitivity and necessity analyses during model development‚ evaluation‚ and comparison. We demonstrate this methodological prescription with two of the models submitted for the Dynamic Stocks and Flows (DSF) Model Comparison Challenge‚ exploring the complex interactions among architectural mechanisms‚ knowledge-level strategy variants‚ and task conditions. To cope with the computational demands of these analyses we use a predictive analytics approach similar to regression trees‚ combined with parallelization on high performance computing clusters‚ to enable large scale‚ simultaneous search and exploration.
PDF
BIB
@article{gluck2010exploration, title = {Exploration for understanding in model comparisons}, volume = {2}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/gluck2010exploration.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Artificial General Intelligence}, author = {Gluck, Kevin A. and Stanley, Clayton T. and L. Richard Moore, Jr. and Reitter, David and Halbrügge, Marc}, year = {2010}, pages = {88--107} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 2| issue = 2| pages = 88–107| last1 = Gluck| first1 = Kevin A.| last2 = Stanley| first2 = Clayton T.| last3 = L. Richard Moore| first3 = Jr.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| last5 = Halbrügge| first5 = Marc| title = Exploration for understanding in model comparisons| journal = Journal of Artificial General Intelligence| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Warwick, Walter et al. “Results and Lessons Learned from the 2009 DSF Model Comparison Challenge.” Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference. Charleston, SC: N.p., 2010. Web.
BRiMS
BRiMS
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{warwick2010results, address = {Charleston, SC}, title = {Results and lessons learned from the 2009 {DSF} model comparison challenge}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2010symposium.pdf}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 19th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference}}, author = {Warwick, Walter and Dutt, Varun and Gluck, Kevin A. and Reitter, David}, year = {2010} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = BRiMS| last1 = Warwick| first1 = Walter| last2 = Dutt| first2 = Varun| last3 = Gluck| first3 = Kevin A.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| title = Results and lessons learned from the 2009 DSF model comparison challenge| booktitle = Symposium at the 19th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference| location = Charleston, SC| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Lebiere, Christian et al. “Scaling up High-Fidelity Cognitive Modeling to Real-World Applications.” Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application. Amsterdam, NL: N.p., 2010. 1–20. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{lebiere2010scaling, address = {Amsterdam, NL}, title = {Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {NATO} {Workshop} on {Human} {Modeling} for {Military} {Application}}, author = {Lebiere, Christian and Stocco, Andrea and Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion}, year = {2010}, pages = {1--20} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 1–20| last1 = Lebiere| first1 = Christian| last2 = Stocco| first2 = Andrea| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| last4 = Juvina| first4 = Ion| title = Scaling up high-fidelity cognitive modeling to real-world applications| booktitle = Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application| location = Amsterdam, NL| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Dzikovska, Myroslava O. et al. “Data-Driven Modelling of Human Tutoring in Calculus.” Proceedings of the ECAI Workshop on Language-Enhanced Educational Technology. Ed. Charles Callaway. Riva del Garda, Italy: N.p., 2006. 22–28. Web.
Abstract
We describe results from analyzing a corpus of human-human tutorial dialogue‚ which are aimed at identifying‚ formalizing and automating natural tutoring in the domain of calculus‚ in particular symbolic differentiation. We analyzed a corpus of human-human tutoring dialogues‚ focusing on three areas important to system development: interleaved symbolic and natural language‚ domain modeling‚ and tutorial dialogue strategies. We provide empirical verification of previous results on interleaving natural and symbolic language‚ and show that the properties of interleaving are highly dependent on the input modality. We describe a task model for our domain‚ and provide corpus data to show that the model must cover basic algebra skills as well‚ which are involved in differentiation. We verify the applicability of an existing annotation scheme for tutoring algebra in our domain‚ and propose that it be extended to cover student initiative.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{dzikovska2006data-driven, address = {Riva del Garda, Italy}, title = {Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dzikovska2006lam.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {ECAI} {Workshop} on {Language}-{Enhanced} {Educational} {Technology}}, author = {Dzikovska, Myroslava O. and Reitter, David and Moore, Johanna D. and Zinn, Claus}, editor = {Callaway, Charles}, year = {2006}, pages = {22--28} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 22–28| editors = Charles Callaway (ed.)| last1 = Dzikovska| first1 = Myroslava O.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Moore| first3 = Johanna D.| last4 = Zinn| first4 = Claus| title = Data-driven modelling of human tutoring in calculus| booktitle = Proceedings of the ECAI Workshop on Language-Enhanced Educational Technology| location = Riva del Garda, Italy| date = 2006}}
EndNote

Cognitive Architecture

ACT-R

Paik, J. et al. “Predicting User Performance and Learning in Human-Computer Interaction with the Herbal Compiler.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 22.5 (2015): Article No. 25. Web.
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
Abstract
We report a way to build a series of GOMS-like cognitive user models representing a range of performance at different stages of learning. We use a spreadsheet task across multiple sessions as an example task; it takes about 20–30 min. to perform. The models were created in ACT-R using a compiler. The novice model has 29 rules and 1‚152 declarative memory task elements (chunks)—it learns to create procedural knowledge to perform the task. The expert model has 617 rules and 614 task chunks (that it does not use) and 538 command string chunks—it gets slightly faster through limited declarative learning of the command strings and some further production compilation; there are a range of intermediate models. These models were tested against aggregate and individual human learning data‚ confirming the models’ predictions. This work suggests that user models can be created that learn like users while doing the task.
PDF
BIB
@article{paik2015predicting, title = {Predicting {User} {Performance} and learning in human-computer interaction with the {Herbal} compiler}, volume = {22}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKRRip.pdf}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Reitter, D.}, year = {2015}, pages = {Article No. 25} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 22| issue = 5| pages = –25| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = D.| title = Predicting User Performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Dancy, Christopher L. “ACT-RΦ: A Cognitive Architecture with Physiology and Affect.” BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society 6.0 (2013): 40–45. Web.
BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society
Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures
Abstract
Abstract Current computational cognitive architectures lack a comprehensive representation of human physiology. Connecting a more realistic model of physiology to a cognitive architecture allows one to develop more realistic computational process models that include an account for the effect of physiology on cognition. It is also useful to include some theory of affect and emotion to act as a functional layer between some representations of physiology and cognition. We chose to extend the ACT-R (adaptive control of thought – rational) cognitive architecture with physiology and affect to make the ACT-RΦ hybrid architecture. We connected the HumMod physiological simulation system with the ACT-R architecture; ACT-RΦ has a module that communicates between ACT-R and HumMod. A new affect system was also developed using an existing theoretical framework to serve as a functional layer between some of the physiological and cognitive representations. With this new architecture one can model a wide range of human behavior (e.g.‚ the effects of homeostasis on cognition) in a more tractable fashion.
link
BIB
@article{dancy2013act-r:, title = {{ACT}-{RΦ}: {A} cognitive architecture with physiology and affect}, volume = {6}, issn = {2212-683X}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212683X13000753}, doi = {10.1016/j.bica.2013.07.008}, number = {0}, journal = {BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society}, author = {Dancy, Christopher L.}, month = oct, year = {2013}, keywords = {ACT-R, Affect, Cognitive architecture, Cognitive model, HumMod, Physiology}, pages = {40--45} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.bica.2013.07.008| issn = 2212-683X| volume = 6| issue = 0| pages = 40–45| last = Dancy| first = Christopher L.| title = ACT-RΦ: A cognitive architecture with physiology and affect| journal = BICA 2013: Papers from the Fourth Annual Meeting of the BICA Society| date = 2013-10}}
EndNote
Zhao, C., Morgan, J. H., and Ritter, F. E. “Understanding Human High-Level Spatial Memory: An ACT-R Model to Integrate Multi-Level Spatial Cues and Strategies.” Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 3 (2013): 1–5. Web.
Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures
Abstract
The  ability  to  process  and  use  spatial  knowledge  is  a  basic  cognitive  ability.  Two  human  navigation  strategy  types  (map-­based  and  route-­based)  relying  on  two  different  knowledge  representations  have  been  frequently  observed.  These  studies  suggest  that  the  first  strategy  uses  a  sequential  representation  and  the  second  uses  a  hierarchical  cluster-­based  representation.  These  studies  also  suggest  that  humans  also  routinely  use  hybrid  strategies‚  and  that  the  ratio  between  cognitive  load  and  relative  utility  mediated  by  situational  factors  influences‚  and  when  modeled‚  could  successfully  predict  strategy  choice.  We  created  an  ACT-­R  model  to  test  these  hypotheses  by  simulating  navigation  strategies‚  strategy  choices‚  and  strategy  switches.  This  model  deepens  the  empirical  findings  by  defining  more  clearly  the  memory  mechanisms  involved  in  generating  the  basic  representation  types‚  and  by  positing  a  theory  of  interaction  between  these  types  based  on  ACT-­We  believe  that  such  a  work  provides  a  concrete  example  on  principles  of  these  biological  theories  can  be  implemented  and  used  in  cognitive  architectures.
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BIB
@article{zhao_c._understanding_2013, title = {Understanding human high-level spatial memory: {An} {ACT}-{R} model to integrate multi-level spatial cues and strategies}, volume = {3}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoMR13.pdf}, journal = {Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures}, author = {{Zhao, C.} and {Morgan, J. H.} and {Ritter, F. E.}}, year = {2013}, pages = {1--5} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 3| pages = 1–5| last1 = Zhao, C.| last2 = Morgan, J. H.| last3 = Ritter, F. E.| title = Understanding human high-level spatial memory: An ACT-R model to integrate multi-level spatial cues and strategies| journal = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Jens Grossklags, and Alan Nochenson. “Risk-Seeking in a Continuous Game of Timing.” Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Ed. R. West and T. Stewart. N.p., 2013. 397–403. Web.
Abstract
Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player‚ 20-second FlipIt game‚ in which a player has to react to an estimated‚ externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represented once as time interval‚ and once as distance in time and space. Risk-taking propensity is an individual parameter obtained via a standardized survey instrument. We find that risk propensity affects participants’ decisions in early and late rounds of the game and show that risk-seeking individuals fail to play well initially in the difficult‚ time-interval estimation task‚ but that they can be trained to make rational choices. Participants’ biases are gaussian-distributed. They do not reflect the distribution of payoffs or expected utility. We present an ACT-R model using established error distributions for temporal and visual perception and instance-based learning.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013risk-seeking, title = {Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013risk.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 12th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens and Nochenson, Alan}, editor = {West, R. and Stewart, T.}, year = {2013}, pages = {397--403} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 397–403| editors = R. West, T. Stewart (eds.)| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Grossklags| first2 = Jens| last3 = Nochenson| first3 = Alan| title = Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing| booktitle = Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Dancy, C. L., F. E. Ritter, and K. Berry. “Towards Adding a Physiological Substrate to ACT-R.” Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society, 2012. 78–85. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{dancy2012towards, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {Towards adding a physiological substrate to {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRB12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Dancy, C. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Berry, K.}, year = {2012}, pages = {78--85} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 78–85| last1 = Dancy| first1 = C. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Berry| first3 = K.| title = Towards adding a physiological substrate to ACT-R| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Frank Keller, and Johanna D. Moore. “A Computational Cognitive Model of Syntactic Priming.” Cognitive Science 35.4 (2011): 587–637. Web.
Cognitive Science
Abstract
The psycholinguistic literature has identified two syntactic adaptation effects in language production: rapidly decaying short-term priming and long-lasting adaptation. To explain both effects‚ we present an ACT-R model of syntactic priming based on a wide-coverage‚ lexicalized syntactic theory that explains priming as facilitation of lexical access. In this model‚ two well-established ACT-R mechanisms‚ base-level learning and spreading activation‚ account for long-term adaptation and short-term priming‚ respectively. Our model simulates incremental language production and in a series of modeling studies we show that it accounts for (a) the inverse frequency interaction; (b) the absence of a decay in long-term priming; and (c) the cumulativity of long-term adaptation. The model also explains the lexical boost effect and the fact that it only applies to short-term priming. We also present corpus data that verifies a prediction of the model‚ i.e.‚ that the lexical boost affects all lexical material‚ rather than just heads.
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BIB
@article{reitter2011computational, title = {A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming}, volume = {35}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011syntacticpriming.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x}, number = {4}, journal = {Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Keller, Frank and Moore, Johanna D.}, year = {2011}, pages = {587--637} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/j.1551-6709.2010.01165.x| volume = 35| issue = 4| pages = 587–637| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Keller| first2 = Frank| last3 = Moore| first3 = Johanna D.| title = A computational cognitive model of syntactic priming| journal = Cognitive Science| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Zhao, C. et al. “Validating a High Level Behavioral Representation Language (Herbal): A Docking Study between for ACT-R.” Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures. Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press, 2010. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2010validating, title = {Validating a high level behavioral representation language ({Herbal}): {A} docking study between for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoPMR10.pdf}, booktitle = {Biologically {Inspired} {Cognitive} {Architectures}}, publisher = {Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press}, author = {Zhao, C. and Paik, J. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Paik| first2 = J.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Validating a high level behavioral representation language (Herbal): A docking study between for ACT-R| booktitle = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Paik, J., J. W. Kim, and F. E. Ritter. “A Preliminary ACT-R Compiler in Herbal.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. England. Manchester, England: Manchester, 2009. 466–467. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{paik2009preliminary, address = {England. Manchester, England}, title = {A preliminary {ACT}-{R} compiler in {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {466--467} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| pages = 466–467| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = A preliminary ACT-R compiler in Herbal| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = England. Manchester, England| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Kim, J., F. E. Ritter, and R. J. Koubek. “ESEGMAN: A Substrate for ACT-R Architecture and an Emacs Lisp Application.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. 375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche, 2006. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kim2006esegman:, title = {{ESEGMAN}: {A} substrate for {ACT}-{R} architecture and an {Emacs} {Lisp} application}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRK06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2006- {Seventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche}, author = {Kim, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.}, year = {2006} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche375. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche| last1 = Kim| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Koubek| first3 = R. J.| title = ESEGMAN: A substrate for ACT-R architecture and an Emacs Lisp application| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2006}}
EndNote
St. Amant, Robert, Andrew R. Freed, and Frank E. Ritter. “Specifying ACT-R Models of User Interaction with a GOMS Language.” Cognitive Systems Research 6.1 (2005): 71–88. Web.
Cognitive Systems Research
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BIB
@article{st._amant_specifying_2005, title = {Specifying {ACT}-{R} models of user interaction with a {GOMS} language}, volume = {6}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantFR05.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {St. Amant, Robert and Freed, Andrew R. and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2005}, pages = {71--88} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 6| issue = 1| pages = 71–88| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = Robert| last2 = Freed| first2 = Andrew R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = Frank E.| title = Specifying ACT-R models of user interaction with a GOMS language| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Reifers, A. L., I. N. Schenck, and F. E. Ritter. “Modeling Pre-Attentive Visual Search in ACT-R.” Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society. Mawah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2005. 2545. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reifers2005modeling, address = {Mawah, NJ}, title = {Modeling pre-attentive visual search in {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/reifersSR05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Erlbaum}, author = {Reifers, A. L. and Schenck, I. N. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2005}, pages = {2545} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Erlbaum| pages = 2545| last1 = Reifers| first1 = A. L.| last2 = Schenck| first2 = I. N.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Modeling pre-attentive visual search in ACT-R| booktitle = Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Mawah, NJ| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Belavkin, R. V., and F. E. Ritter. “OPTIMIST: A New Conflict Resolution Algorithm for ACT-R.” Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2004. 40–45. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{belavkin2004optimist:, address = {Mahwah, NJ}, title = {{OPTIMIST}: {A} new conflict resolution algorithm for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinR04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Erlbaum}, author = {Belavkin, R. V. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {40--45} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Erlbaum| pages = 40–45| last1 = Belavkin| first1 = R. V.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = OPTIMIST: A new conflict resolution algorithm for ACT-R| booktitle = Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Mahwah, NJ| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Inguscio, L., F. S. Marucci, and F. E. Ritter. Il Sistema Di Produzione ACT-R/PM: Un Modello Simulativo Dei Processi Percettivo-Morori. Congresso Nazionale della Sezione di Psicologia Sperimentale. local copy, 2004. Web.
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BIB
@book{inguscio2004il, title = {Il sistema di produzione {ACT}-{R}/{PM}: {Un} modello simulativo dei processi percettivo-morori}, url = {http://www.unipa.it/frapax/documenti/in_o_06_inguscio.pdf}, publisher = {Congresso Nazionale della Sezione di Psicologia Sperimentale. local copy}, author = {Inguscio, L. and Marucci, F. S. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Congresso Nazionale della Sezione di Psicologia Sperimentale. local copy| last1 = Inguscio| first1 = L.| last2 = Marucci| first2 = F. S.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Il sistema di produzione ACT-R/PM: Un modello simulativo dei processi percettivo-morori| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Comments on Grant and Roberts & Paschler.” Social Processes in Validation. notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop: part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, 2003. 129–130. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2003comments, address = {notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop}, title = {Comments on {Grant} and {Roberts} \& {Paschler}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03c.pdf}, booktitle = {social processes in validation}, publisher = {part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {129--130} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation| pages = 129–130| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Comments on Grant and Roberts & Paschler| booktitle = social processes in validation| location = notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Soar.” Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. vol. 4. London: Macmillan, 2003. 60–65. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2003soar, address = {London}, title = {Soar}, volume = {vol. 4}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03.pdf}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Macmillan}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {60--65} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Macmillan| volume = vol. 4| pages = 60–65| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science| chapter = Soar| location = London| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and N. Shiskowski. The ACT-R FAQ. acs.ist.psu.edu/act-r-faq, 2002. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter2002act-r, title = {The {ACT}-{R} {FAQ}}, publisher = {acs.ist.psu.edu/act-r-faq}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Shiskowski, N.}, year = {2002} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = acs.ist.psu.edu/act-r-faq| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Shiskowski| first2 = N.| title = The ACT-R FAQ| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Pre-Task Appraisal and Caffeine: An Architectural Overlay for ACT-R.” Air Force Workshop on ACT-R Models of Human-System Interaction. AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002: Mesa, 2002. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2002pre-task, address = {AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002}, title = {Pre-task appraisal and caffeine: {An} architectural overlay for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterACQKMVRMSR02.pdf}, booktitle = {Air {Force} {Workshop} on {ACT}-{R} {Models} of {Human}-{System} {Interaction}}, publisher = {Mesa}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M. N. and Councill, I. and Rooy, van and D., Quigley and S, K. and Klein, L. C. and McNeese, M. D. and Stine, M. M. and Rodrigues, I. M.}, year = {2002} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Mesa| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M. N.| last3 = Councill| first3 = I.| last4 = Rooy| first4 = van| last5 = D.| first5 = Quigley| last6 = S| first6 = K.| last7 = Klein| first7 = L. C.| last8 = McNeese| first8 = M. D.| last9 = Stine| first9 = M. M.| last10 = Rodrigues| first10 = I. M.| title = Air Force Workshop on ACT-R Models of Human-System Interaction| chapter = Pre-task appraisal and caffeine: An architectural overlay for ACT-R| location = AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Belavkin, R., and F. E. Ritter. Adding a Theory of Motivation to ACT-R, Slides Included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, P. 133-139. Carnegie-Mellon University: Department of Psychology, 2000. Print.
BIB
@book{belavkin2000adding, address = {Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {Adding a theory of motivation to {ACT}-{R}, slides included in the {Proceedings} of the {Seventh} {Annual} {ACT}-{R} {Workshop}, p. 133-139}, publisher = {Department of Psychology}, author = {Belavkin, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Department of Psychology| last1 = Belavkin| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Adding a theory of motivation to ACT-R, slides included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, p. 133-139| location = Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. An Example HCI Task, Interfaces, Model, and Verification for Single Subjects Design. ACT-R Summer School presentation, 2000. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter2000example, title = {An example {HCI} task, interfaces, model, and verification for {Single} subjects design}, publisher = {ACT-R Summer School presentation}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = ACT-R Summer School presentation| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = An example HCI task, interfaces, model, and verification for Single subjects design| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. A Role for Cognitive Architectures: Guiding User Interface Design, Contribution to the Applications of Cognitive Architectures Panel, Slides Included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, P. 85-91. Carnegie-Mellon University: Department of Psychology, 2000. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter2000role, address = {Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {A role for cognitive architectures: {Guiding} user interface design, contribution to the {Applications} of {Cognitive} {Architectures} panel, slides included in the {Proceedings} of the {Seventh} {Annual} {ACT}-{R} {Workshop}, p. 85-91}, publisher = {Department of Psychology}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Department of Psychology| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = A role for cognitive architectures: Guiding user interface design, contribution to the Applications of Cognitive Architectures panel, slides included in the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual ACT-R Workshop, p. 85-91| location = Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and D. P. Wallach. “Models of Two-Person Games in ACT-R and Soar.” Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press, 1998. 202–203. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1998models, title = {Models of two-person games in {ACT}-{R} and {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterW98.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wallach, D. P.}, year = {1998}, pages = {202--203} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press| pages = 202–203| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wallach| first2 = D. P.| title = Models of two-person games in ACT-R and Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 1998}}
EndNote

General Cognitive Modeling

Reitter, David, and Frank E. Ritter. “Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Memory: Selected Papers From the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling.” Topics in Cognitive Science 9.1 (2017): 48–50. Web.
Topics in Cognitive Science
TopiCS
Abstract
Computational models of memory presented in this issue reflect varied empirical data and levels of representation. From mathematical models to neural and cognitive architectures‚ all aim to converge on a unified theory of the mind.
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BIB
@article{reitter2017introduction, title = {Introduction to the {Issue} on {Computational} {Models} of {Memory}: {Selected} {Papers} {From} the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, volume = {9}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/reitterRip.pdf}, doi = {10.1111/tops.12249}, number = {1}, journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science}, author = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2017}, pages = {48--50} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1111/tops.12249| volume = 9| issue = 1| pages = 48–50| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Ritter| first2 = Frank E.| title = Introduction to the Issue on Computational Models of Memory: Selected Papers From the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| journal = Topics in Cognitive Science| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Kennedy, William G., Robert St. Amant, and David Reitter. “Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation: Introduction to CMOT Special Issue: BRiMS 2013.” Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 22.1 (2016): 1–3. Web.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
link
BIB
@article{kennedy2016behavior, title = {Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to {CMOT} special issue: {BRiMS} 2013}, volume = {22}, url = {http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10588-015-9194-9}, number = {1}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Kennedy, William G. and St. Amant, Robert and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1--3} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 22| issue = 1| pages = 1–3| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = William G.| last2 = St. Amant| first2 = Robert| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Behavior representation in modeling and simulation: introduction to CMOT special issue: BRiMS 2013| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Frank E. Ritter, eds. Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Penn State, 2016. Print.
BIB
@book{reitter2016proceedings, address = {University Park, PA}, title = {Proceedings of {ICCM} 2016: 14th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Penn State}, editor = {Reitter, David and Ritter, Frank E.}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Penn State| others = David Reitter, Frank E. Ritter (eds.)| title = Proceedings of ICCM 2016: 14th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Cole, Jeremy, David Reitter, and Yanxi Liu. “Symmetry Features and Group Hierarchy Model Human Symmetry Perception.” International Meeting of Psychonomic Society. Grenada, Spain. 2016. Poster presentation.
BIB
@misc{cole2016symmetry, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {Poster presentation}, title = {Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David and Liu, Yanxi}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Liu| first3 = Yanxi| title = Symmetry features and group hierarchy model human symmetry perception| location = Grenada, Spain| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Liu, Yanxi, Jeremy Cole, and David Reitter. “Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns Using Timed Trials.” Vision Sciences Society Sixteenth Annual Meeting. Florida. 2016. oral presentation.
Abstract
Most literature on symmetry perception has focused on bilateral reflection symmetry‚ with some suggesting that it is the only type of symmetry humans can perceive (Wilson&Wilkinson‚ Vis. Res. 42(5)‚ 2002). Using image-stimuli generated from mathematically well-defined 17 wallpaper groups (Kohler et al.‚ J. Neurosci.‚ in press) and timed trials‚ we seek to demonstrate that humans can discriminate various symmetries found in 2D wallpaper patterns (Liu‚ et al Found.&Trends in Comp.Graph.&Vis.‚ 2010). Furthermore‚ we examine which features play an essential role in wallpaper pattern perception. The features include: reflection‚ maximum order of rotation‚ glide reflection‚ tile shape and subgroup distance‚ referring to the shortest path between the two wallpaper groups in the group hierarchy. We recruited 106 individuals (Amazon Mechanical Turks) to compare three images (target‚ probe‚ probe) and to choose the probe most similar to the target within five seconds. Each participant performed 272 (=17x16) trials. Participants compare among all possible wallpaper group pairs. Every group comparison except one is distinguishable (p< 0.05); all are likely distinguishable (p< 0.10). After modeling every defining feature of symmetry groups using linear mixed-effects regression (GLMM)‚ we used AIC selection to compare models. Our selected model includs subgroup distance‚ 3-fold rotation‚ 4-fold rotation‚ and the T1 and D1 axes. Even in a model with all other features‚ subgroup distance is a significant additional predictor (p< 0.0001). This distance measure has shown to be a better proxy describing human perceptual processes than individual features. This suggests that the mathematically motivated symmetry group hierarchy may be a valid model of pattern perception.
BIB
@misc{liu2016human, address = {Florida}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Human {Visual} {Perception} of the 17 {Wallpaper}-{Group} {Patterns} using {Timed} {Trials}}, author = {Liu, Yanxi and Cole, Jeremy and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Liu| first1 = Yanxi| last2 = Cole| first2 = Jeremy| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Human Visual Perception of the 17 Wallpaper-Group Patterns using Timed Trials| location = Florida| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Paik, J. et al. “Predicting User Performance and Learning in Human-Computer Interaction with the Herbal Compiler.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 22.5 (2015): Article No. 25. Web.
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
Abstract
We report a way to build a series of GOMS-like cognitive user models representing a range of performance at different stages of learning. We use a spreadsheet task across multiple sessions as an example task; it takes about 20–30 min. to perform. The models were created in ACT-R using a compiler. The novice model has 29 rules and 1‚152 declarative memory task elements (chunks)—it learns to create procedural knowledge to perform the task. The expert model has 617 rules and 614 task chunks (that it does not use) and 538 command string chunks—it gets slightly faster through limited declarative learning of the command strings and some further production compilation; there are a range of intermediate models. These models were tested against aggregate and individual human learning data‚ confirming the models’ predictions. This work suggests that user models can be created that learn like users while doing the task.
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BIB
@article{paik2015predicting, title = {Predicting {User} {Performance} and learning in human-computer interaction with the {Herbal} compiler}, volume = {22}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKRRip.pdf}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Reitter, D.}, year = {2015}, pages = {Article No. 25} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 22| issue = 5| pages = –25| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = D.| title = Predicting User Performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Ororbia II, Alexander G. et al. “Online Learning of Deep Hybrid Architectures for Semi-Supervised Categorization.” ECML PKDD. Porto, Portugal: Springer, 2015. Print.
European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Abstract
We present a hybrid architecture capable of online learning from both labeled and unlabeled samples. We combine both generative and discriminative objectives to derive a new variant of the Deep Belief Network‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network model. Our model’s training algorithm builds on principles developed from hybrid discriminative Boltzmann machines and composing deep architectures in a greedy fashion. It makes use of its inherent "layer-wise ensemble" nature to perform useful classification work. We (1) compare this architecture against a hybrid Denoising Auto-encoder version of itself as well as several shallow models and (2) investigate the effects of training the model in two different ways in the context of an incremental learning procedure. We find that in all settings explored in this paper‚ our best-performing hybrid model‚ the Stacked Boltzmann Experts Network‚ consistently outperforms all others.
BIB
@inproceedings{ororbia_ii_online_2015, address = {Porto, Portugal}, title = {Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization}, booktitle = {{ECML} {PKDD}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Reitter, David and Wu, Jian and Giles, C. Lee}, year = {2015} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| conference = European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Wu| first3 = Jian| last4 = Giles| first4 = C. Lee| title = Online learning of deep hybrid architectures for semi-supervised categorization| booktitle = ECML PKDD| location = Porto, Portugal| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Reitter, D., E. W. Stacy, and E. Mezzacappa, eds. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: BRiMS Society, 2015. Print.
BIB
@book{reitter2015proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 24th {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRiMS Society}, editor = {Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W. and Mezzacappa, E.}, year = {2015} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = BRiMS Society| others = D. Reitter, E. W. Stacy, E. Mezzacappa (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Morita, J. et al. “Modeling Adaptation on Automated Vehicle Operation.” 2014年度日本認知科学会第31回大会 (The 31st Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society). N.p., 2014. O1–1.  63–68. Web.
Abstract
This paper presents a cognitive model that sim- ulates how the reliance on automation in a sim- ple tracking task‚ which represents vehicle operation‚ changes as the success probabilities of automatic and manual mode vary. The model was developed by us- ing ACT-R‚ and we also introduce three methods of reinforcement learning: the synchronization of utili- ties in the same mode‚ the summation of rewards over time‚ and the prediction from the past. The model performs this task through productions that manage perception and motor control. The utility values of these productions are updated based on rewards in every perception-action cycle. A run of this model simulated the overall trends of the behavioral data‚ suggesting some validity of the assumptions made in our model.
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BIB
@inproceedings{morita_j._modeling_2014, title = {Modeling adaptation on automated vehicle operation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMMTKR14.pdf}, booktitle = {2014年度日本認知科学会第31回大会 ({The} 31st {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Japanese} {Cognitive} {Science} {Society})}, author = {{Morita, J.} and {Miwa, K.} and {Maehigashi, A.} and {Terai, H.} and {Kojima, K.} and {Ritter, F. E}}, year = {2014}, pages = {O1--1. 63--68} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = –1-1. 63-68| last1 = Morita, J.| last2 = Miwa, K.| last3 = Maehigashi, A.| last4 = Terai, H.| last5 = Kojima, K.| last6 = Ritter, F. E| title = Modeling adaptation on automated vehicle operation| booktitle = 2014年度日本認知科学会第31回大会 (The 31st Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cognitive Science Society)| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Evertsz, R. et al. “Enhanced Behavioral Realism for Live Fire Targets.” Proceedings of the 23rd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. [online Proceedings]. Centerville, OH: BRIMS Society, 2014. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{evertsz_r._enhanced_2014, address = {Centerville, OH}, title = {Enhanced behavioral realism for live fire targets}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszLSPRBB14.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}. [online proceedings]}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {{Evertsz, R.} and {Lucas, A.} and {Smith, C.} and {Pedrotti, M.} and {Ritter, F. E.} and {Baker, R.} and {Burns, P.}}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| last1 = Evertsz, R.| last2 = Lucas, A.| last3 = Smith, C.| last4 = Pedrotti, M.| last5 = Ritter, F. E.| last6 = Baker, R.| last7 = Burns, P.| title = Enhanced behavioral realism for live fire targets| booktitle = Proceedings of the 23rd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. [online proceedings]| location = Centerville, OH| date = 2014}}
EndNote
St.Amant, Robert, D. Reitter, and E. W. Stacy, eds. Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: N.p., 2014. Print.
BIB
@book{st.amant2014proceedings, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Proceedings of the 23rd {Annual} {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, editor = {St.Amant, Robert and Reitter, D. and Stacy, E. W.}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| others = Robert St.Amant, D. Reitter, E. W. Stacy (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Reitter, David et al. “Cognitive Security.” 13th Annual Workshop on the Economics of Information Security. University Park, PA. 2014. Panel.
BIB
@misc{reitter2014cognitive, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Cognitive security}, author = {Reitter, David and Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Meyer, Joachim}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Gonzalez| first2 = Cleotilde| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = Christian| last4 = Meyer| first4 = Joachim| title = Cognitive security| location = University Park, PA| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Foreword.” Minding Norms: Mechanisms and Dynamics of Social Order in Agent Societies. Ed. Conte, R., Andrighetto, G., and Campennì, M. New York, NY: Oxford, 2013. ix–x. Web.
Abstract
Our behavior is influenced all the time by social norms‚ what is expected (i.e.‚ customs)‚ what is required (i.e.‚ laws)‚ and what is moral (i.e.‚ what is ethical). Other names for norms are standard operating procedures‚ regulations‚ standing orders‚ rules of engagement‚ and customs. All of the data that has been collected to develop and test theories of cognition has been collected where norms actively influenced the behavior observed. However‚ the effect of norms‚ how other agents’ expectations and behavior influence behavior‚ has not been very often addressed by cognitive models‚ architectures‚ or agent-­‐based research. As cognitive models become more social and social models become more cognitive‚ the role of norms in modeling behavior will become increasingly important. Cognitive modelers who read this book by Conte and her colleagues can learn about norms and how to include them in models. Researchers who study norms can better understand the role of simulation and norms. This book presents a theory of how norms‚ arising through interactions between individuals‚ are implemented in and by those individuals. A series of simulations using a new architecture‚ EMIL‚ help explain how bottom-­‐up and top-­‐down processes can produce emergent behavior‚ and provide lessons for work on norms (e.g.‚ how norms can arise through small interactions)‚ and for other architectures (e.g.‚ the many ways norms influence cognition). Through a thoughtful series of models‚ capabilities are added building up to a system demonstrating necessary and sufficient capabilities for the emergence and function of norms. While the models are not complete and may at times appear far from complete—for some even too incomplete to trust—more complete models will only arise through work like this and the insights it provides. Currently‚ most models just act. This work suggests that our models need to have more social cognition‚ metacognition‚ implicit reasoning‚ and reflection to filter actions making them more accurate‚ knowledge-­‐rich‚ reflective‚ and slower. Is the processing of norms done with fixed capabilities that everyone has or is it knowledge? If it is a fixed capability it belongs in the architecture‚ but untangling this capability that might have components of both types will surely be interesting‚ productive‚ and also enlightening about how humans are both cognitive
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BIB
@incollection{ritter_f._e._foreword_2013, address = {New York, NY}, title = {Foreword}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterip-conte.pdf}, booktitle = {Minding norms: {Mechanisms} and dynamics of social order in agent societies}, publisher = {Oxford}, author = {{Ritter, F. E.}}, editor = {{Conte, R.} and {Andrighetto, G.} and {Campennì, M.}}, year = {2013}, pages = {ix--x} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford| pages = –| editors = Conte, R., Andrighetto, G., Campennì, M. (eds.)| last = Ritter, F. E.| title = Minding norms: Mechanisms and dynamics of social order in agent societies| chapter = Foreword| location = New York, NY| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Computational and Underspecified Approaches to Standardization.” “Methods for Communicating the Structure and Content of a Cognitive Model”, a discussion panel at Human Factors and Ergonomics Society International Annual Meeting. San Diego, CA. 2013. Panel.
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BIB
@misc{reitter2013computational, address = {San Diego, CA}, type = {Panel}, title = {Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/warwick2013hfes.pdf}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Computational and underspecified approaches to standardization| location = San Diego, CA| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Lothian, J. M. High Performance Computing for Agent-Based Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2011. Web.
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BIB
@techreport{lothian2011high, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/lothian11.pdf}, number = {ACS 2011-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Lothian, J. M.}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Lothian| first = J. M.| title = High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Zhao, C. et al. “Validating a High Level Behavioral Representation Language (Herbal): A Docking Study between for ACT-R.” Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures. Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press, 2010. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2010validating, title = {Validating a high level behavioral representation language ({Herbal}): {A} docking study between for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoPMR10.pdf}, booktitle = {Biologically {Inspired} {Cognitive} {Architectures}}, publisher = {Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press}, author = {Zhao, C. and Paik, J. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Proceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS PressProceedings of the First Annual Meeting of the BICA Society. IOS Press| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Paik| first2 = J.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Validating a high level behavioral representation language (Herbal): A docking study between for ACT-R| booktitle = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Paik, J. et al. “Building Large Learning Models with Herbal.” Ed. D. D. Salvucci and G. Gunzelmann. Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling, 2010. 187–191. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{paik2010building, title = {Building large learning models with {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKRMHC10.pdf}, publisher = {Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling}, author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A.}, editor = {Salvucci, D. D. and Gunzelmann, G.}, year = {2010}, pages = {187--191} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| pages = 187–191| editors = D. D. Salvucci, G. Gunzelmann (eds.)| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Morgan| first4 = J. H.| last5 = Haynes| first5 = S. R.| last6 = Cohen| first6 = M. A.| chapter = Building large learning models with Herbal| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “認知モデリングける二つのフロンティア. 感情とユーザビリティ (Two  Cognitive Modeling Frontiers: Emotions and Usability).” Trans. J. Morita. 認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial  Intelligence) 24.2 (2009): 245–252. Web.
認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence)
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BIB
@article{ritter2009., title = {認知モデリングける二つのフロンティア. 感情とユーザビリティ ({Two} cognitive modeling frontiers: {Emotions} and usability)}, volume = {24}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09c.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence)}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, translator = {Morita, J.}, year = {2009}, pages = {245--252} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 24| issue = 2| pages = 245–252| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| others = J. Morita (trans.)| title = 認知モデリングける二つのフロンティア. 感情とユーザビリティ (Two cognitive modeling frontiers: Emotions and usability)| journal = 認知科学におけるモデルベースアプローチ」 (Transactions of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence)| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Friedrich, M. B., and F. E. Frank E. Ritter. “Reimplementing a Diagrammatic Reasoning Model in Herbal.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. England. Manchester, England: Manchester, 2009. 438–439. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{friedrich2009reimplementing, address = {England. Manchester, England}, title = {Reimplementing a diagrammatic reasoning model in {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/friedrichR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Friedrich, M. B. and Frank E. Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {438--439} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| pages = 438–439| last1 = Friedrich| first1 = M. B.| last2 = Frank E. Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Reimplementing a diagrammatic reasoning model in Herbal| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = England. Manchester, England| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Paik, J., J. W. Kim, and F. E. Ritter. “A Preliminary ACT-R Compiler in Herbal.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. England. Manchester, England: Manchester, 2009. 466–467. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{paik2009preliminary, address = {England. Manchester, England}, title = {A preliminary {ACT}-{R} compiler in {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {466--467} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| pages = 466–467| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = A preliminary ACT-R compiler in Herbal| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = England. Manchester, England| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Yeh, Kuo-Chuan. “Toward Understanding the Cognitive Processes of Software Design in Novice Programmers.” Pennsylvania State University, 2009. Print.
BIB
@phdthesis{yeh2009toward, title = {Toward {Understanding} the {Cognitive} {Processes} of {Software} {Design} in {Novice} {Programmers}}, school = {Pennsylvania State University}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan}, year = {2009} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| publisher = Pennsylvania State University| last = Yeh| first = Kuo-Chuan| title = Toward Understanding the Cognitive Processes of Software Design in Novice Programmers| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. Some Frontiers of Cognitive Modeling: A Modest Research Agenda Exploring Emotions and Usability. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2008. Web.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2008frontiers, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: {A} modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritter08c.pdf}, number = {ACS 2008-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: A modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability| location = University Park, PA| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Kim, J. W. Procedural Skills: From Learning to Forgetting. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2008. Web.
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BIB
@techreport{kim2008procedural, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Procedural skills: {From} learning to forgetting. {Unpublished} {Doctoral} {Dissertation}, {The} {Pennsylvania} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kim08.pdf}, number = {ACS 2008-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kim, J. W.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Kim| first = J. W.| title = Procedural skills: From learning to forgetting. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA| location = University Park, PA| date = 2008}}
EndNote
St. Amant, R., S. P. McBride, and F. E. Ritter. “AI Support for Building Cognitive Models.” Proceedings of the Twenty-First National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-06). Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press, 2007. 1663–1666. Web.
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@inproceedings{st._amant_ai_2007, title = {{AI} support for building cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantMR06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Twenty}-{First} {National} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} ({AAAI}-06)}, publisher = {Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press}, author = {St. Amant, R. and McBride, S. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {1663--1666} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Menlo Park, CA: AAAI Press| pages = 1663–1666| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = McBride| first2 = S. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = AI support for building cognitive models| booktitle = Proceedings of the Twenty-First National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-06)| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “High-Level Behavior Representation Languages Revisited.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Trieste, Italy: Edizioni Goliardiche, 2006. 404–407. Web.
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@inproceedings{ritter2006high-level, address = {Trieste, Italy}, title = {High-level behavior representation languages revisited}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterHCHJBLJCLSAMULV06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2006- {Seventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Edizioni Goliardiche}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. and Howes, A. and John, B. and Best, B. and Lebiere, C. and Jones, R. M. and Crossman, J. and Lewis, R. L. and St. Amant, R. and McBride, S. P. and Urbas, L. and Leuchter, S. and Vera, A.}, year = {2006}, pages = {404--407} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Edizioni Goliardiche| pages = 404–407| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Cohen| first3 = M.| last4 = Howes| first4 = A.| last5 = John| first5 = B.| last6 = Best| first6 = B.| last7 = Lebiere| first7 = C.| last8 = Jones| first8 = R. M.| last9 = Crossman| first9 = J.| last10 = Lewis| first10 = R. L.| last11 = St. Amant| first11 = R.| last12 = McBride| first12 = S. P.| last13 = Urbas| first13 = L.| last14 = Leuchter| first14 = S.| last15 = Vera| first15 = A.| title = High-level behavior representation languages revisited| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2006- Seventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Trieste, Italy| date = 2006}}
EndNote
St. Amant, R. et al. “Image Processing in Cognitive Models with SegMan.” Proceedings of HCI International 2005. (Invited.). 4 - Theories, Models and Processes in HCI. N.p., 2005. Web.
Paper #1869
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@inproceedings{st._amant_image_2005, title = {Image processing in cognitive models with {SegMan}}, volume = {4 - Theories, Models and Processes in HCI}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantRRR05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {HCI} {International} 2005. ({Invited}.)}, author = {St. Amant, R. and Riedl, M. O. and Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A.}, year = {2005}, note = {Paper \#1869} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| volume = 4 - Theories, Models and Processes in HCI| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = Riedl| first2 = M. O.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Reifers| first4 = A.| title = Image processing in cognitive models with SegMan| booktitle = Proceedings of HCI International 2005. (Invited.)| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. R. Haynes. “Herbal: A High-Level Language and Development Environment for Developing Cognitive Models in Soar.” Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2005. 177–182. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2005herbal:, title = {Herbal: {A} high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2005}, pages = {177--182} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 177–182| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Herbal: A high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “A Tutorial on Herbal: A High-Level Language and Development Environment Based on Protege for Developing Cognitive Models in Soar.” Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ed. L. Allender and T. Kelley. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2005. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2005tutorial, address = {Orlando, FL}, title = {A tutorial on {Herbal}: {A} high-level language and development environment based on {Protege} for developing cognitive models in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterMSC05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {U. of Central Florida}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, G. P. and Stevenson, W. E. and Cohen, M. A.}, editor = {Allender, L. and Kelley, T.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = U. of Central Florida| editors = L. Allender, T. Kelley (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Stevenson| first3 = W. E.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| title = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| chapter = A tutorial on Herbal: A high-level language and development environment based on Protege for developing cognitive models in Soar| location = Orlando, FL| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Kukreja, U. Towards Model-Based Evaluations of Human-Robot Interfaces. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2005. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{kukreja2005towards, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kukreja05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kukreja, U.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Kukreja| first = U.| title = Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}
EndNote
St. Amant, R., and F. E. Ritter. “Automated GOMS to ACT-R Model Generation.” Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2004. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{st._amant_automated_2004, address = {Mahwah, NJ}, title = {Automated {GOMS} to {ACT}-{R} model generation}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {St. Amant, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Lawrence Erlbaum| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Automated GOMS to ACT-R model generation| booktitle = Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Mahwah, NJ| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. Haynes. “An Introduction to Herbal.” Proceedings of the XXIV Workshop. University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan: The Soar Group, 2004. 75–77. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2004introduction, address = {University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan}, title = {An introduction to {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {XXIV} {Workshop}}, publisher = {The Soar Group}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S.}, year = {2004}, pages = {75--77} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = The Soar Group| pages = 75–77| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S.| title = An introduction to Herbal| booktitle = Proceedings of the XXIV Workshop| location = University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Councill, I. G., G. P. Morgan, and F. E. Ritter. dTank: A Competitive Environment for Distributed Agents. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2004. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{councill2004dtank:, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {{dTank}: {A} competitive environment for distributed agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/councillMR04.pdf}, number = {ACS 2004-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Councill, I. G. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Councill| first1 = I. G.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = dTank: A competitive environment for distributed agents| location = University Park, PA| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., and F. E. Ritter. Herbal Tutorial. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2004. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{cohen2004herbal, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Herbal {Tutorial}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/cohenR04.pdf}, number = {ACS 2004-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Herbal Tutorial| location = University Park, PA| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Shah, K. et al. “Image Processing for Cognitive Modeling in Dynamic Gaming Environments.” Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Ed. F. Detje, D. Doerner, and H. Schaub. Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg, 2003. 189–194. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{shah2003image, address = {Bamberg, Germany}, title = {Image processing for cognitive modeling in dynamic gaming environments}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/shahRSAR03.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitats-Verlag Bamberg}, author = {Shah, K. and Rajyaguru, S. and St. Amant, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Detje, F. and Doerner, D. and Schaub, H.}, year = {2003}, pages = {189--194} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitats-Verlag Bamberg| pages = 189–194| editors = F. Detje, D. Doerner, H. Schaub (eds.)| last1 = Shah| first1 = K.| last2 = Rajyaguru| first2 = S.| last3 = St. Amant| first3 = R.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Image processing for cognitive modeling in dynamic gaming environments| booktitle = Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Bamberg, Germany| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Freed, A. R. The Effects of Interface Design on Telephone Dialing Performance. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2003. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{freed2003effects, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {The effects of interface design on telephone dialing performance}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/freed03.pdf}, number = {ACS 2003-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Freed, A. R.}, year = {2003} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Freed| first = A. R.| title = The effects of interface design on telephone dialing performance| location = University Park, PA| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Ritter, F.E., and L.J. Schooler. “Learning Curve, The.” International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences. Ed. Editors-in-Chief:  Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes. Oxford: Pergamon, 2001. 8602–8605. Web.
Abstract
Most tasks get faster with practice. This holds across task size and task type. Learning curves plot time to complete a task as a function of practice. Such curves generally follow what is called a power law‚ thus‚ they are often said to conform to ‘the power law of practice.’ Cognitive psychology has shown that the power law of practice is ubiquitous‚ and cognitive modeling has explained both the general speedup and some of the variability in performance‚ which previously was taken to be completely noise. Research is ongoing to find out why it is ubiquitous and where it does not apply.
link
BIB
@incollection{ritter2001learning, address = {Oxford}, title = {Learning {Curve}, {The}}, isbn = {978-0-08-043076-8}, url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B0080430767014807}, booktitle = {International {Encyclopedia} of the {Social} \& {Behavioral} {Sciences}}, publisher = {Pergamon}, author = {Ritter, F.E. and Schooler, L.J.}, editor = {{Editors-in-Chief:  Neil J. Smelser} and {Paul B. Baltes}}, year = {2001}, pages = {8602--8605} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Pergamon| isbn = 978-0-08-043076-8| pages = 8602–8605| editors = Editors-in-Chief:  Neil J. Smelser, Paul B. Baltes (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F.E.| last2 = Schooler| first2 = L.J.| title = International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences| chapter = Learning Curve, The| location = Oxford| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Jones, G., and F. E. Ritter. “Over-Estimating Cognition Time: The Benefits of Using a Task Simulation.” In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series (2000): 67–74. Web.
In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series
PDF
BIB
@article{jones2000over-estimating, title = {Over-estimating cognition time: {The} benefits of using a task simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR00.pdf}, journal = {In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000}, pages = {67--74} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 67–74| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Over-estimating cognition time: The benefits of using a task simulation| journal = In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series| date = 2000}}
EndNote

Soar

Georgeon, O. L., F. E. Ritter, and S. R. Haynes. “Modeling Bottom-up Learning from Activity in Soar.” Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 09-BRIMS-16. 09-BRIMS-16, 2009. 65–72. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{georgeon2009modeling, title = {Modeling bottom-up learning from activity in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonRH09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {09-BRIMS-16. 09-BRIMS-16}, author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2009}, pages = {65--72} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 09-BRIMS-16. 09-BRIMS-16| pages = 65–72| last1 = Georgeon| first1 = O. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Modeling bottom-up learning from activity in Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Haynes, S. R. et al. “Rampart: A Service and Agent-Based Architecture for Anti-Terrorism Planning and Resource Allocation.” Proceedings of the First European Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics. Berlin: Springer, 2008. 260–270. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{haynes2008rampart:, address = {Berlin}, title = {Rampart: {A} service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesKCR08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {European} {Conference} on {Intelligence} and {Security} {Informatics}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Haynes, S. R. and Kannampallil, T. G. and Cohen, M. A. and Soares, A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2008}, pages = {260--270} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| pages = 260–270| last1 = Haynes| first1 = S. R.| last2 = Kannampallil| first2 = T. G.| last3 = Cohen| first3 = M. A.| last4 = Soares| first4 = A.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Rampart: A service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation| booktitle = Proceedings of the First European Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics| location = Berlin| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. R. Haynes. “Herbal: A High-Level Language and Development Environment for Developing Cognitive Models in Soar.” Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2005. 177–182. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2005herbal:, title = {Herbal: {A} high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2005}, pages = {177--182} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 05-BRIMS-044. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 177–182| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Herbal: A high-level language and development environment for developing cognitive models in Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “A Tutorial on Herbal: A High-Level Language and Development Environment Based on Protege for Developing Cognitive Models in Soar.” Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ed. L. Allender and T. Kelley. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2005. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2005tutorial, address = {Orlando, FL}, title = {A tutorial on {Herbal}: {A} high-level language and development environment based on {Protege} for developing cognitive models in {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterMSC05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {U. of Central Florida}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, G. P. and Stevenson, W. E. and Cohen, M. A.}, editor = {Allender, L. and Kelley, T.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = U. of Central Florida| editors = L. Allender, T. Kelley (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Stevenson| first3 = W. E.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| title = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| chapter = A tutorial on Herbal: A high-level language and development environment based on Protege for developing cognitive models in Soar| location = Orlando, FL| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. Haynes. “An Introduction to Herbal.” Proceedings of the XXIV Workshop. University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan: The Soar Group, 2004. 75–77. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2004introduction, address = {University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan}, title = {An introduction to {Herbal}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {XXIV} {Workshop}}, publisher = {The Soar Group}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S.}, year = {2004}, pages = {75--77} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = The Soar Group| pages = 75–77| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S.| title = An introduction to Herbal| booktitle = Proceedings of the XXIV Workshop| location = University of Michigan. The Soar Group, University of Michigan| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Soar.” Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. vol. 4. London: Macmillan, 2003. 60–65. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2003soar, address = {London}, title = {Soar}, volume = {vol. 4}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03.pdf}, booktitle = {Encyclopedia of {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Macmillan}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {60--65} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Macmillan| volume = vol. 4| pages = 60–65| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science| chapter = Soar| location = London| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Kalus, T., and F. E. Ritter. “The Soar Tutorial.” Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Ed. F. Detje, D. Doerner, and H. Schaub. 318. Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg, 2003. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{kalus2003soar, address = {318. Bamberg, Germany}, title = {The {Soar} {Tutorial}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kalusR03.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitats-Verlag Bamberg}, author = {Kalus, T. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Detje, F. and Doerner, D. and Schaub, H.}, year = {2003} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Universitats-Verlag Bamberg| editors = F. Detje, D. Doerner, H. Schaub (eds.)| last1 = Kalus| first1 = T.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| chapter = The Soar Tutorial| location = 318. Bamberg, Germany| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Councill, I. G., S. R. Haynes, and F. E. Ritter. “Explaining Soar: Analysis of Existing Tools and User Information Requirements.” Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg, 2003. 63–68. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{councill2003explaining, address = {Bamberg, Germany}, title = {Explaining {Soar}: {Analysis} of existing tools and user information requirements}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/councillHR03.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitats-Verlag Bamberg}, author = {Councill, I. G. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {63--68} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Universitats-Verlag Bamberg| pages = 63–68| last1 = Councill| first1 = I. G.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| chapter = Explaining Soar: Analysis of existing tools and user information requirements| location = Bamberg, Germany| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and I. G. Councill. “A Review of the 22nd Soar Workshop.” AI Magazine 23.3 (2002): 107–109. Web.
AI Magazine
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2002review, title = {A review of the 22nd {Soar} {Workshop}}, volume = {23}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterC02.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {AI Magazine}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Councill, I. G.}, year = {2002}, pages = {107--109} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 23| issue = 3| pages = 107–109| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Councill| first2 = I. G.| title = A review of the 22nd Soar Workshop| journal = AI Magazine| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and M. Avraamides. “Testing the Situation Awareness Panel.” Proceedings of the 21th Soar Workshop. N.p., 2001. 35–39. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2001testing, title = {Testing the {Situation} {Awareness} {Panel}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21th {Soar} {Workshop}}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M.}, year = {2001}, pages = {35--39} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 35–39| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M.| title = Testing the Situation Awareness Panel| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21th Soar Workshop| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “The Soar FAQ and DERA Report.” Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop. 127127, 2000. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2000soar, title = {The {Soar} {FAQ} and {DERA} {Report}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Soar} {Workshop}}, publisher = {127127}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 127127| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = The Soar FAQ and DERA Report| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “SOAR/Tcl-PM: Including a Widely Applicable Eye and Hand in Soar.” Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop. N.p., 2000. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2000soar/tcl-pm:, title = {{SOAR}/{Tcl}-{PM}: {Including} a widely applicable eye and hand in {Soar}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Soar} {Workshop}}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = SOAR/Tcl-PM: Including a widely applicable eye and hand in Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Soar Workshop| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and P. Lonsdale. “Extending Tcl/Tk to Provide a Functional Eye and Hand for the Soar Cognitive Modelling Architecture.” To Have Appeared in Proceedings of the Fifth Biennial Australasian Cognitive Science Conference. N.p., 2000. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2000extending, title = {Extending {Tcl}/{Tk} to provide a functional eye and hand for the {Soar} cognitive modelling architecture}, booktitle = {To have appeared in {Proceedings} of the {Fifth} {Biennial} {Australasian} {Cognitive} {Science} {Conference}}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lonsdale, P.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Lonsdale| first2 = P.| title = Extending Tcl/Tk to provide a functional eye and hand for the Soar cognitive modelling architecture| booktitle = To have appeared in Proceedings of the Fifth Biennial Australasian Cognitive Science Conference| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and P. R. Lonsdale. Extending Tcl/Tk to Provide a Functional Eye and Hand for the Soar Cognitive Architecture. Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society, 2000. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter2000extending, title = {Extending {Tcl}/{Tk} to provide a functional eye and hand for the {Soar} cognitive architecture}, publisher = {Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lonsdale, P. R.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Lonsdale| first2 = P. R.| title = Extending Tcl/Tk to provide a functional eye and hand for the Soar cognitive architecture| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Lonsdale, P. R., and F. E. Ritter. “Soar/Tcl-PM: Extending the Soar Architecture to Include a Widely Applicable Virtual Eye and Hand.” Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Ed. N. Taatgen and J. Aasman. Veenendaal (NL): Universal Press, 2000. 202–209. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{lonsdale2000soar/tcl-pm:, address = {Veenendaal (NL)}, title = {Soar/{Tcl}-{PM}: {Extending} the {Soar} architecture to include a widely applicable virtual eye and hand}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/lonsdaleR99.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Universal Press}, author = {Lonsdale, P. R. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Taatgen, N. and Aasman, J.}, year = {2000}, pages = {202--209} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Universal Press| pages = 202–209| editors = N. Taatgen, J. Aasman (eds.)| last1 = Lonsdale| first1 = P. R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| chapter = Soar/Tcl-PM: Extending the Soar architecture to include a widely applicable virtual eye and hand| location = Veenendaal (NL)| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and R. M. Young. “Moving the Psychological Soar Tutorial to HTML: An Example of Using the Web to Assist Learning.” Proceedings of the AISB ’99 Workshop on Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates. Ed. D. Peterson, R. J. Stevenson, and R. M. Young. The Society of the study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour, 1999. 23–24. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1999moving, title = {Moving the {Psychological} {Soar} {Tutorial} to {HTML}: {An} example of using the {Web} to assist learning}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY99.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {AISB} '99 {Workshop} on {Issues} in {Teaching} {Cognitive} {Science} to {Undergraduates}}, publisher = {The Society of the study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, editor = {Peterson, D. and Stevenson, R. J. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1999}, pages = {23--24} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = The Society of the study of Artificial Intelligence and Simulation of Behaviour| pages = 23–24| editors = D. Peterson, R. J. Stevenson, R. M. Young (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Proceedings of the AISB '99 Workshop on Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates| chapter = Moving the Psychological Soar Tutorial to HTML: An example of using the Web to assist learning| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Nerb, J., F. E. Ritter, and J. Krems. “Knowledge Level Learning and the Power Law: A Soar Model of Skill Acquisition in Scheduling.” Ed. Kognitionswissenschaft Special. N.p., 1999. 20–29. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{nerb1999knowledge, title = {Knowledge level learning and the power law: {A} {Soar} model of skill acquisition in scheduling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nerbRK99.pdf}, author = {Nerb, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Krems, J.}, editor = {Special, Kognitionswissenschaft}, year = {1999}, pages = {20--29} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| pages = 20–29| editors = Kognitionswissenschaft Special (ed.)| last1 = Nerb| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Krems| first3 = J.| chapter = Knowledge level learning and the power law: A Soar model of skill acquisition in scheduling| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and D. P. Wallach. “Models of Two-Person Games in ACT-R and Soar.” Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press, 1998. 202–203. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1998models, title = {Models of two-person games in {ACT}-{R} and {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterW98.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wallach, D. P.}, year = {1998}, pages = {202--203} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press| pages = 202–203| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wallach| first2 = D. P.| title = Models of two-person games in ACT-R and Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 1998}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., G. Jones, and R. M. Young. “Report on Tutorial: Introduction to the Soar Cognitive Architecture.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly 98.50 (1997): n. pag. Web.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter1997report, title = {Report on {Tutorial}: {Introduction} to the {Soar} cognitive architecture}, volume = {98}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterJY97.pdf}, number = {50}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1997} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 98| issue = 50| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Jones| first2 = G.| last3 = Young| first3 = R. M.| title = Report on Tutorial: Introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1997}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and R. M. Young. “Invited Lectures and Practicals on Soar, German Autumn School in Cognitive Science, 18-22 September.” (1997): n. pag. Print.
BIB
@article{ritter1997invited, title = {Invited lectures and practicals on {Soar}, {German} {Autumn} {School} in {Cognitive} {Science}, 18-22 {September}}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1997} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Invited lectures and practicals on Soar, German Autumn School in Cognitive Science, 18-22 September| date = 1997}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., G. Jones, and R. M. Young. “Report on Tutorial 1: Introduction to the Soar Cognitive Architecture.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly 95.18 (1996): n. pag. Print.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
BIB
@article{ritter1996report, title = {Report on {Tutorial} 1: {Introduction} to the {Soar} cognitive architecture}, volume = {95}, number = {18}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1996} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 95| issue = 18| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Jones| first2 = G.| last3 = Young| first3 = R. M.| title = Report on Tutorial 1: Introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1996}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and G. D. Baxter. “Able, III: Learning in a More Visibly Principled Way.” Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Cognitive Modeling. Ed. U. Schmid, J. Krems, and F. Wysotzki. Berlin: Forschungsberichte des Fachbereichs Informatik, Technische Universität Berlin. Code vailable on the web in acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/nottingham/ccc/pub- soar/able/ Paper partially superceeded by Ritter, Jones, & Baxter 1998, but some low level details are elided, 1996. 22–30. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1996able, address = {Berlin}, title = {Able, {III}: {Learning} in a more visibly principled way}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB96.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {European} {Workshop} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Forschungsberichte des Fachbereichs Informatik, Technische Universität Berlin. Code vailable on the web in acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/nottingham/ccc/pub- soar/able/ Paper partially superceeded by Ritter, Jones, \& Baxter 1998, but some low level details are elided}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D.}, editor = {Schmid, U. and Krems, J. and Wysotzki, F.}, year = {1996}, pages = {22--30} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Forschungsberichte des Fachbereichs Informatik, Technische Universität Berlin. Code vailable on the web in acs.ist.psu.edu/misc/nottingham/ccc/pub- soar/able/ Paper partially superceeded by Ritter, Jones, & Baxter 1998, but some low level details are elided| pages = 22–30| editors = U. Schmid, J. Krems, F. Wysotzki (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| title = Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Cognitive Modeling| chapter = Able, III: Learning in a more visibly principled way| location = Berlin| date = 1996}}
EndNote
Baxter, G. D., and F. E. Ritter. The Soar FAQ, Acs.ist.psu.edu/soar-Faq. Updated quarterly and stored at the U. of Nottingham Mirror Soar site mirror of US sites. Awarded a “Key Resource Award” viewable at, 1995–2001. Web.
link
BIB
@book{baxter1995soar, title = {The {Soar} {FAQ}, acs.ist.psu.edu/soar-faq}, url = {http://www.links2go.com/award/Soar}, publisher = {Updated quarterly and stored at the U. of Nottingham Mirror Soar site mirror of US sites. Awarded a "Key Resource Award" viewable at}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Updated quarterly and stored at the U. of Nottingham Mirror Soar site mirror of US sites. Awarded a "Key Resource Award" viewable at| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = The Soar FAQ, acs.ist.psu.edu/soar-faq| date = 1995}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Soar: A Cognitive Architecture in Perspective, Michon, J.” 8(3: Philosophical Psychology, 1995. 297–301. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1995soar:, address = {8(3}, title = {Soar: {A} cognitive architecture in perspective, {Michon}, {J}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter95.pdf}, publisher = {Philosophical Psychology}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995}, pages = {297--301} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Philosophical Psychology| pages = 297–301| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| chapter = Soar: A cognitive architecture in perspective, Michon, J| location = 8(3| date = 1995}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and R. M. Young. “Practical Introduction to the Soar Cognitive Architecture: Tutorial Report.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly 88.62 (1994): n. pag. Print.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
BIB
@article{ritter1994practical, title = {Practical introduction to the {Soar} cognitive architecture: {Tutorial} report}, volume = {88}, number = {62}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1994} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 88| issue = 62| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Practical introduction to the Soar cognitive architecture: Tutorial report| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1994}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and R. M. Young. Psychological Soar Tutorial. Computer Programs and Overheads. Last revision 3/98. Developed with Gary Jones. Currently available at acs.ist.psu.edu/nottingham/pst/pst-ftp.html, 1994. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter1994psychological, title = {Psychological {Soar} {Tutorial}. {Computer} programs and overheads.}, publisher = {Last revision 3/98. Developed with Gary Jones. Currently available at acs.ist.psu.edu/nottingham/pst/pst-ftp.html}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1994} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Last revision 3/98. Developed with Gary Jones. Currently available at acs.ist.psu.edu/nottingham/pst/pst-ftp.html| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Psychological Soar Tutorial. Computer programs and overheads.| date = 1994}}
EndNote
Lehman, J. et al. The Soar Introduction Video (11 Min.). School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Group, 1994. Web.
link
BIB
@book{lehman1994soar, address = {School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {The {Soar} introduction video (11 min.)}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/soar-mov.mpg}, publisher = {The Soar Group}, author = {Lehman, J. and Newell, P. and Altmann, E. and Ritter, F. and McGinnis, T.}, year = {1994} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = The Soar Group| last1 = Lehman| first1 = J.| last2 = Newell| first2 = P.| last3 = Altmann| first3 = E.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F.| last5 = McGinnis| first5 = T.| title = The Soar introduction video (11 min.)| location = School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 1994}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., ed. Proceedings of the EuroSoar 7 Workshop. November 1993: U. of Nottingham, 1993. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter1993proceedings, address = {November 1993}, title = {Proceedings of the {EuroSoar} 7 {Workshop}}, publisher = {U. of Nottingham}, editor = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1993} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = U. of Nottingham| others = F. E. Ritter (ed.)| title = Proceedings of the EuroSoar 7 Workshop| location = November 1993| date = 1993}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and T. F. McGinnis. Manual for SX: A Graphical Display and Interface for Soar in X Windows. School of Computer science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Project, 1992. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter1992manual, address = {School of Computer science, Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {Manual for {SX}: {A} graphical display and interface for {Soar} in {X} windows}, publisher = {The Soar Project}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and McGinnis, T. F.}, year = {1992} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = The Soar Project| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = McGinnis| first2 = T. F.| title = Manual for SX: A graphical display and interface for Soar in X windows| location = School of Computer science, Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 1992}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., M. Hucka, and T. F. McGinnis. Soar-Mode Manual. N.p., 1992. Print.
BIB
@techreport{ritter1992soar-mode, title = {Soar-mode {Manual}.}, number = {CMU-CS-92-205}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Hucka, M. and McGinnis, T. F.}, year = {1992} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Hucka| first2 = M.| last3 = McGinnis| first3 = T. F.| title = Soar-mode Manual.| date = 1992}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. (April. “The Developmental Soar Interface.” Video (1991): n. pag. Print.
Video
Video
BIB
@article{ritter1991developmental, title = {The {Developmental} {Soar} {Interface}}, journal = {Video}, author = {Ritter, F. E. (April}, year = {1991} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last = Ritter| first = F. E. (April| title = The Developmental Soar Interface| journal = Video| date = 1991}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “How the Soar Interface Uses Garnet.” Video (1991): n. pag. Print.
Video
Video
BIB
@article{ritter1991how, title = {How the {Soar} interface uses {Garnet}}, journal = {Video}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1991} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = How the Soar interface uses Garnet| journal = Video| date = 1991}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. TAQL-Mode Manual. School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University: The Soar Project, 1991. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter1991taql-mode, address = {School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University}, title = {{TAQL}-mode {Manual}}, publisher = {The Soar Project}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1991} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = The Soar Project| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = TAQL-mode Manual| location = School of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 1991}}
EndNote

Decision-Making

Ghafurian, Moojan, and David Reitter. “Gender Differences in the Effect of Impatience on Men and Women’s Timing Decisions.” Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci). Philadelphia, PA: Cognitive Science Society, 2016. 1223–1228. Web.
Abstract
Decisions over the timing of actions are critical in several safety‚ security and healthcare scenarios. These decisions‚ sim- ilar to discrete decisions‚ can be influenced by biases and individual traits. In this paper‚ a bias of impatience is studied in an experiment with 626 participants‚ with a focus on gender differences. Impatience was moderated with a manipula- tion of a variable-speed countdown. Men and women differed in how they expressed impatience. While men systematically and irrationally act earlier when become impatient following the slower countdowns‚ women react by irrationally requesting earlier information about the outcome of each trial‚ and impulsively pressing an inactive key.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2016gender, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, title = {Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016cogsci.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society} ({CogSci})}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {1223--1228} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society| pages = 1223–1228| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Gender differences in the effect of impatience on men and women's timing decisions| booktitle = Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)| location = Philadelphia, PA| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Ghafurian, Moojan, and David Reitter. “Impatience Induced by Waiting: An Effect Moderated by the Speed of Countdowns.” DIS ’16: Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems. Brisbane, Australia: ACM, 2016. Web.
Abstract
Countdowns and progress bars provide computer users with estimates of remaining wait times. These types of feedback are intended to manage their expectations and allow users to direct attention elsewhere. We suggest that they also moderate user’s impatience‚ which affects decision-making in the subsequent task. In an experiment with 421 participants‚ impatience in a timing decision task was effectively and systematically manip- ulated through a countdown‚ as it affected timing and performance of the user’s actions in the task. The effect persisted even after users gained task experience. More rapid countdowns reduced impatience. Post-hoc analysis also showed increased task satisfaction with rising countdown speed and suggested greater task satisfaction with a rapid countdown than with no waiting period at all.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2016impatience, address = {Brisbane, Australia}, title = {Impatience induced by waiting: {An} effect moderated by the speed of countdowns}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/ghafurian2016DIS.pdf}, booktitle = {{DIS} '16: {Proceedings} of the {Designing} {Interactive} {Systems}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Impatience induced by waiting: An effect moderated by the speed of countdowns| booktitle = DIS '16: Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems| location = Brisbane, Australia| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Moojan Ghafurian, and Jens Grossklags. “Systematic, Individual and Situational Biases in Timing Decisions.” International Meeting of the Psychonomic Society. Grenada, Spain. 2016. oral presentation.
Abstract
We study personal and general biases in timing decisions‚ which concern practically common continuous decisions about when to act when facing external uncertainty and dynamic risk. In a series of experiments using a two-player game called FlipIt‚ we studied the influence of individual difference variables of Risk Propensity (RP) and Need for Cognition (NfC) and of manipulations that induce impatience. Participants make several timing decisions per round‚ which aim to counteract the hidden actions made by an opponent. The opponent’s actions become visible only after the participant’s choices have been made. Earlier actions are riskier‚ but a rational time point‚ maximizing utility‚ can be defined. Two experiments were run with a total of 450 participants from a general population that were compensated to incentivize maximizing payoff. RP and NfC were obtained with standardized instruments. Participants with RP around the population average benefitted from higher NfC levels (p<0.01). We also found a general impatience bias that advanced timing independent of RP. With increasing task experience‚ models of linear impatience become better predictors of timing bias than risk-dependent ones. In a further experiment with 422 participants‚ impatience was manipulated by showing slow or fast-changing countdowns during a constant delay period. Timing (vs. rational strategy) was retarded or advanced‚ with fast countdowns reducing impatience (p<0.01) and accelerating countdowns yielding closer-to-rational performance even than the control (no delay at all). We conclude that timing decisions are affected by interacting risk and deep-processing preferences as well as situational impatience biases.
BIB
@misc{reitter2016systematic, address = {Grenada, Spain}, type = {oral presentation}, title = {Systematic, individual and situational biases in timing decisions}, author = {Reitter, David and Ghafurian, Moojan and Grossklags, Jens}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Ghafurian| first2 = Moojan| last3 = Grossklags| first3 = Jens| title = Systematic, individual and situational biases in timing decisions| location = Grenada, Spain| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Grossklags, Jens, and David Reitter. “How Task Familiarity and Cognitive Predispositions Impact Behavior in a Security Game of Timing.” Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium. Vienna: N.p., 2014. Web.
Abstract
This paper addresses security and safety choices that involve a decision on the timing of an action. Examples of such decisions include when to check log files for intruders and when to monitor financial accounts for fraud or errors. To better understand how performance in timing-related security situations is shaped by individuals’ cognitive predispositions‚ we effectively combine survey measures with economic experiments. Two behavioral experiments are presented in which the timing of online security actions is the critical decision-making factor. The feedback modality in the decision-environment is varied between visual feedback with history (Experiment 1)‚ and temporal feedback without history (Experiment 2). Using psychometric scales‚ we study the role of individual difference variables‚ specifically risk propensity and need for cognition. The analysis is based on the data from over 450 participants. We find that risk propensity is not a hindrance in timing tasks. Participants of average risk propensity generally benefit from a reflective disposition (high need for cognition)‚ particularly when visual feedback is given. Overall‚ participants benefit from need for cognition; however‚ in the more difficult‚ temporal-estimation task‚ this requires familiarity with the task.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{grossklags2014how, address = {Vienna}, title = {How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/grossklags2014csf.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th {IEEE} {Computer} {Security} {Foundations} {Symposium}}, author = {Grossklags, Jens and Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Grossklags| first1 = Jens| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = How task familiarity and cognitive predispositions impact behavior in a security game of timing| booktitle = Proceedings of the 27th IEEE Computer Security Foundations Symposium| location = Vienna| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ghafurian, Moojan, and David Reitter. “Impatience, Risk Propensity and Rationality in Timing Games.” Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci). Quebec, Canada: N.p., 2014. 2841–2846. Web.
36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)
CogSci
Abstract
Games of timing reflect dynamic decision-making under uncertainty‚ as it takes place in many real-world situations‚ including health care‚ safety and security. Rather than making discrete decisions‚ participants choose one or more points in time that determine the outcome. We study individual’s biases and characteristics in such games of timing. We examine risk propensity as a personal preference affecting timing decisions and document a bias‚ impatience. Experiment 1 analyzes people’s strategy in timing games in relation to a rational model. Contrasting two cognitive models suggests that individuals apply risk propensity to the probability distributions underlying short games and when unfamiliar with the situation‚ but that‚ over time‚ impatience takes over as a linear adjustment. In Experiment 2‚ impatient participants risk their incentive payment in order to play early‚ even if they receive no advantage from doing so.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ghafurian2014impatience, address = {Quebec, Canada}, title = {Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/moojan2014impatience.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 36th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society} ({CogSci})}, author = {Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2014}, pages = {2841--2846} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| conference = 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)| pages = 2841–2846| last1 = Ghafurian| first1 = Moojan| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Impatience, risk propensity and rationality in timing games| booktitle = Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci)| location = Quebec, Canada| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, Jens Grossklags, and Alan Nochenson. “Risk-Seeking in a Continuous Game of Timing.” Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Ed. R. West and T. Stewart. N.p., 2013. 397–403. Web.
Abstract
Continuous games of timing represent an ecologically relevant case of decision-making under uncertainty with many applications to tactical security scenarios. We present two experiments collecting data using the two-player‚ 20-second FlipIt game‚ in which a player has to react to an estimated‚ externally controlled quantity in light of a continuous payoff distribution. The quantity is represented once as time interval‚ and once as distance in time and space. Risk-taking propensity is an individual parameter obtained via a standardized survey instrument. We find that risk propensity affects participants’ decisions in early and late rounds of the game and show that risk-seeking individuals fail to play well initially in the difficult‚ time-interval estimation task‚ but that they can be trained to make rational choices. Participants’ biases are gaussian-distributed. They do not reflect the distribution of payoffs or expected utility. We present an ACT-R model using established error distributions for temporal and visual perception and instance-based learning.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013risk-seeking, title = {Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2013risk.pdf}, booktitle = {Proc. 12th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, author = {Reitter, David and Grossklags, Jens and Nochenson, Alan}, editor = {West, R. and Stewart, T.}, year = {2013}, pages = {397--403} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 397–403| editors = R. West, T. Stewart (eds.)| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Grossklags| first2 = Jens| last3 = Nochenson| first3 = Alan| title = Risk-seeking in a continuous game of timing| booktitle = Proc. 12th International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Gonzalez, Cleotilde et al. “Scaling Individual Decision Making Models to Models of Social Networks.” Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS). Provo, UT: N.p., 2011. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{gonzalez2011scaling, address = {Provo, UT}, title = {Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Juvina, Ion and Erev, Ido and Zinkevich, Martin and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Gonzalez| first1 = Cleotilde| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| last3 = Juvina| first3 = Ion| last4 = Erev| first4 = Ido| last5 = Zinkevich| first5 = Martin| last6 = Reitter| first6 = David| title = Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks| booktitle = Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS)| location = Provo, UT| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Morita, J. et al. “Modeling Decision Making on the Use of Automatation.” Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society. Austin, TX: N.p., 2011. 1971–1976. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{morita2011modeling, address = {Austin, TX}, title = {Modeling decision making on the use of automatation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMKR11.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}. {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Morita, J. and Miwa, K. and Kojima, K. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {1971--1976} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 1971–1976| last1 = Morita| first1 = J.| last2 = Miwa| first2 = K.| last3 = Kojima| first3 = K.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Modeling decision making on the use of automatation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society| location = Austin, TX| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., U. Kukreja, and R. St. Amant. “Including a Model of Visual Processing with a Cognitive Architecture to Model a Simple Teleoperation Task.” Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 1.2 (2007): 121–147. Web.
Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making
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BIB
@article{ritter2007including, title = {Including a model of visual processing with a cognitive architecture to model a simple teleoperation task}, volume = {1}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKSA07.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kukreja, U. and St. Amant, R.}, year = {2007}, pages = {121--147} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 2| pages = 121–147| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kukreja| first2 = U.| last3 = St. Amant| first3 = R.| title = Including a model of visual processing with a cognitive architecture to model a simple teleoperation task| journal = Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and D. P. Wallach. “Models of Two-Person Games in ACT-R and Soar.” Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press, 1998. 202–203. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1998models, title = {Models of two-person games in {ACT}-{R} and {Soar}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterW98.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wallach, D. P.}, year = {1998}, pages = {202--203} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press| pages = 202–203| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wallach| first2 = D. P.| title = Models of two-person games in ACT-R and Soar| booktitle = Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 1998}}
EndNote

Human-Computer Interaction

Paik, J. et al. “Predicting User Performance and Learning in Human-Computer Interaction with the Herbal Compiler.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 22.5 (2015): Article No. 25. Web.
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
Abstract
We report a way to build a series of GOMS-like cognitive user models representing a range of performance at different stages of learning. We use a spreadsheet task across multiple sessions as an example task; it takes about 20–30 min. to perform. The models were created in ACT-R using a compiler. The novice model has 29 rules and 1‚152 declarative memory task elements (chunks)—it learns to create procedural knowledge to perform the task. The expert model has 617 rules and 614 task chunks (that it does not use) and 538 command string chunks—it gets slightly faster through limited declarative learning of the command strings and some further production compilation; there are a range of intermediate models. These models were tested against aggregate and individual human learning data‚ confirming the models’ predictions. This work suggests that user models can be created that learn like users while doing the task.
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BIB
@article{paik2015predicting, title = {Predicting {User} {Performance} and learning in human-computer interaction with the {Herbal} compiler}, volume = {22}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/paikKRRip.pdf}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Paik, J. and Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Reitter, D.}, year = {2015}, pages = {Article No. 25} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 22| issue = 5| pages = –25| last1 = Paik| first1 = J.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Reitter| first4 = D.| title = Predicting User Performance and learning in human-computer interaction with the Herbal compiler| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Kim, J. W., and F. E. Ritter. “Learning, Forgetting, and Relearning for Menu- and Keystroke-Driven Tasks: Relearning Is Important.” Human-Computer Interaction 30.1 (2015): 1–33. Web.
Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract
This paper investigates performance change arising through learning‚ forgetting‚ and relearning. Participants learned a spreadsheet task with either keystroke-driven (keyboard‚ n = 30) or mousebased menu-driven (mouse‚ n = 30) commands. Their performance confirmed the power law of practice. The keyboard users learned to complete the task faster than the mouse users on the last learning session (Day 4). At a 6-day retention interval‚ the mouse users were observed to forget more—they took more time to complete the task than the keyboard users. Interestingly‚ the participants in the two modality groups showed no significant differences in their forgetting under the retention of 12 and 18 days. With additional practice‚ the mouse group users with the 6-day retention relearned more—they significantly reduced the time to complete the task in comparison to the keyboard group. The experiment with these two modality groups helps understand why people may choose to use a mouse-driven graphical user interface (GUI) rather than a keystroke-driven interface—people choosing to use a mouse-based menu-driven interface may not need to use a knowledge-in-the-head strategy but knowledge-in-the-world‚ and may be doing so because this strategy provides better relearning‚ rather than because it is faster or easier initially or because it is better for learning or forgetting. This helps provide a richer explanation of why menu-driven interfaces (knowledge-in-the-world) are more ubiquitous‚ and suggests when they can be replaced‚ e.g.‚ where use is infrequent but often enough that forgetting does not occur. Our results provide preliminary suggestions for choosing optimal training strategies and supporting these strategies in terms of the three stages of learning and forgetting.
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BIB
@article{kim2015learning, title = {Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: {Relearning} is important}, volume = {30}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRip.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Human-Computer Interaction}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2015}, pages = {1--33} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 30| issue = 1| pages = 1–33| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: Relearning is important| journal = Human-Computer Interaction| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Baxter, G. D., Churchill, E. F., and Ritter, F. E. “Addressing the Fundamental Error of Design Using the ABCS.” AIS SIGHCI Newsletter 13.1 (2014): 9–10. Web.
AIS SIGHCI Newsletter
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BIB
@article{baxter_g._d._addressing_2014, title = {Addressing the fundamental error of design using the {ABCS}}, volume = {13}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterCR14.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {AIS SIGHCI Newsletter}, author = {{Baxter, G. D.} and {Churchill, E. F.} and {Ritter, F. E.}}, year = {2014}, pages = {9--10} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 13| issue = 1| pages = 9–10| last1 = Baxter, G. D.| last2 = Churchill, E. F.| last3 = Ritter, F. E.| title = Addressing the fundamental error of design using the ABCS| journal = AIS SIGHCI Newsletter| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “A Satisfying Way to Teach HCI: Outreach through Usability Reports.” CHI 2014 Workshop, Developing a Living Curriculum to Support Global HCI Education. [online proceedings]: N.p., 2014. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter_f._e._satisfying_2014, address = {[online proceedings]}, title = {A satisfying way to teach {HCI}: {Outreach} through usability reports}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter14b.pdf}, booktitle = {{CHI} 2014 {Workshop}, {Developing} a {Living} {Curriculum} to {Support} {Global} {HCI} {Education}}, author = {{Ritter, F. E.}}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last = Ritter, F. E.| title = A satisfying way to teach HCI: Outreach through usability reports| booktitle = CHI 2014 Workshop, Developing a Living Curriculum to Support Global HCI Education| location = [online proceedings]| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., Baxter, G. D., and Churchill, E. F. Foundations for Designing User-Centered Systems: What System Designers Need to Know about People. London, UK: 442 + xxx pages. Springer Science+Business Media, 2014. Web.
link
BIB
@book{ritter_f._e._foundations_2014, address = {London, UK}, title = {Foundations for designing user-centered systems: {What} system designers need to know about people}, url = {http://www.frankritter.com/fducs}, publisher = {442 + xxx pages. Springer Science+Business Media}, author = {{Ritter, F. E.} and {Baxter, G. D.} and {Churchill, E. F.}}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = 442 + xxx pages. Springer Science+Business Media| last1 = Ritter, F. E.| last2 = Baxter, G. D.| last3 = Churchill, E. F.| title = Foundations for designing user-centered systems: What system designers need to know about people| location = London, UK| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Semester Projects on Human-Computer Interaction as Service and Outreach.” Innovative Practices in Teaching Information Sciences and Technology: Experience Reports and Reflections. Ed. Carroll, J. M. London: Springer, 2014. 133–142. Web.
Abstract
Student projects at all levels can have impact. I’ll present an approach for using class projects in Junior level and above human-computer interaction (HCI) classes to have a social and economic impact. This can make your teaching improve by being more motivating to students‚ to be more interesting to you‚ and to have more impact. I’ll provide an example project description used at Penn State’s College of IST since 2000‚ and example projects that have suggested useful interface changes to the web sites of a variety of government‚ non-profit‚ university‚ and small and medium-sized businesses. These reports fulfill a pedagogical goal by having students demonstrate mastery of the material‚ particularly evidence- and theory-based suggested changes to improve the usability of web sites. The reports provide (in the best cases) strong‚ correct suggestions for improving the usability of these web sites. The use of these reports also helps reduce plagiarism because the sites and thus work are unique.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter_f._e._semester_2014, address = {London}, title = {Semester projects on human-computer interaction as service and outreach}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritteripB.pdf}, booktitle = {Innovative practices in teaching information sciences and technology: {Experience} reports and reflections}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {{Ritter, F. E.}}, editor = {{Carroll, J. M.}}, year = {2014}, pages = {133--142} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| pages = 133–142| editors = Carroll, J. M. (ed.)| last = Ritter, F. E.| title = Innovative practices in teaching information sciences and technology: Experience reports and reflections| chapter = Semester projects on human-computer interaction as service and outreach| location = London| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ritter, Frank E et al. “Declarative to Procedural Tutors: A Family of Cognitive Architecture-Based Tutors.” Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Centerville, OH: BRIMS Society, 2013. BRIMS2013–127.  108–113. Web.
Abstract
We have created a tutoring architecture‚ D2P (Declarative to Procedural)‚ based on ACT-R’s theory of knowledge and learning for declarative and procedural memory. D2P also draws on general theories of learning and a recent review by Kim‚ Ritter‚ and Koubek (in press). D2P provides multimedia instruction pages followed by questions‚ video‚ and/or simulations to test and proceduralise the declarative knowledge. It is implemented in XML‚ XML-based tools‚ Java‚ and COTS tools. We have created two D2P tutors. We have evaluated one‚ and it has a 1.48 effect size on learning how much to lead. We have found that modern tools help create a tutoring system; creating a tutoring architecture requires more than just the system (such as manuals and example systems); and the next steps are to test the theory of learning and use a cognitive architecture-based knowledge model to make the system adaptive.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2013declarative, address = {Centerville, OH}, title = {Declarative to {Procedural} {Tutors}: {A} family of cognitive architecture-based tutors}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterYCWKH13.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 22nd {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Ritter, Frank E and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin) and Cohen, Mark A and Weyhrauch, Peter and Kim, Jong W and Hobbs, J Nicholas}, year = {2013}, pages = {BRIMS2013--127. 108--113} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = –2013-127. 108-113| last1 = Ritter| first1 = Frank E| last2 = Yeh| first2 = Kuo-Chuan (Martin)| last3 = Cohen| first3 = Mark A| last4 = Weyhrauch| first4 = Peter| last5 = Kim| first5 = Jong W| last6 = Hobbs| first6 = J Nicholas| title = Declarative to Procedural Tutors: A family of cognitive architecture-based tutors| booktitle = Proceedings of the 22nd Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Centerville, OH| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Haynes, S. R., Winkler, T. E., and Ritter, F. E. “Modeling Meaningful Use as Utility in Emergency Medical Services.” IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics 2013 (ICHI 2013). New York, NY: IEEE, 2013. Paper 29. Web.
Abstract
This   paper   describes   a   case   study   focused   on   identifying   and   modeling   opportunities   to   support   emergency   medical   services   (EMS)   with   next-­generation   interactive   technologies.   The   method   used   is   a   novel   integration   of   different   approaches   including   scenario-­based   design‚   task   analysis‚   and   utility-­based   interaction   modeling.   The   goal   of   the   project   is   to   develop  a  structured  model  of  EMS  activity  and  to  identify  where   and   how   this   activity   can   be   supported   with   current   and   emerging   information   technologies.   Of   particular   importance   is   identifying  tasks  with  the  highest  potential  for  meaningful  use  of   these  technologies.  The  SUMMIT  method  and  tool  set  is  being   used   to   model   meaningful   use   as   a   function   of   the   overall   utility   (benefits‚   costs‚   and   risks)   potentially   derived   from   technology   support.   The   paper   provides   a   description   and   rationale   for   the   approach   and   gives   lessons   learned   from   the   early   phases   of   the   project.   The   SUMMIT   approach   may   be   generally   useful   for   organizations   that   need   to   understand   how   new   interactive   technologies   might   provide   meaningful   support   for   healthcare   operations.   These   models   may   also   be   an   effective   resource   for   promoting  continuous  learning  and  reflection  on  EMS  skills.
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BIB
@inproceedings{haynes_s._r._modeling_2013, address = {New York, NY}, title = {Modeling meaningful use as utility in emergency medical services}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesWR13.pdf}, booktitle = {{IEEE} {International} {Conference} on {Healthcare} {Informatics} 2013 ({ICHI} 2013)}, publisher = {IEEE}, author = {{Haynes, S. R.} and {Winkler, T. E.} and {Ritter, F. E.}}, year = {2013}, pages = {Paper 29} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = IEEE| pages = –29| last1 = Haynes, S. R.| last2 = Winkler, T. E.| last3 = Ritter, F. E.| title = Modeling meaningful use as utility in emergency medical services| booktitle = IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics 2013 (ICHI 2013)| location = New York, NY| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Practical Aspects of Running Experiments with Human Participants.” Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII (2011): 119–128. Web.
Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2011practical, title = {Practical aspects of running experiments with human participants}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKMC11.pdf}, journal = {Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Carlson, R. A.}, year = {2011}, pages = {119--128} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 119–128| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Carlson| first4 = R. A.| title = Practical aspects of running experiments with human participants| journal = Universal Access in HCI, Part I, HCII| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Risk-Driven Design.” HCI Consortium Workshop, June (2011): n. pag. Web.
HCI Consortium Workshop, June
link
BIB
@article{ritter2011risk-driven, title = {Risk-driven design}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter12}, journal = {HCI Consortium Workshop, June}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Risk-driven design| journal = HCI Consortium Workshop, June| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Yeh, Kuo-Chuan, and Wei-Fan Chen. “Work in progress—Using a Computer Gaming Strategy to Facilitate Undergraduates’ Learning in a Computer Programming Course: An Experimental Study.” Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011. N.p., 2011. S4H–1. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{yeh2011work, title = {Work in progress—{Using} a computer gaming strategy to facilitate undergraduates' learning in a computer programming course: {An} experimental study}, booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference} ({FIE}), 2011}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan and Chen, Wei-Fan}, year = {2011}, pages = {S4H--1} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = –4H–1| last1 = Yeh| first1 = Kuo-Chuan| last2 = Chen| first2 = Wei-Fan| title = Work in progress—Using a computer gaming strategy to facilitate undergraduates' learning in a computer programming course: An experimental study| booktitle = Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Yeh, Kuo-Chuan. “Using an Educational Computer Game as a Motivational Tool for Supplemental Instruction Delivery for Novice Programmers in Learning Computer Programming.” Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference. Vol. 2009. N.p., 2009. 1611–1616. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{yeh2009using, title = {Using an educational computer game as a motivational tool for supplemental instruction delivery for novice programmers in learning computer programming}, volume = {2009}, booktitle = {Society for {Information} {Technology} \& {Teacher} {Education} {International} {Conference}}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan}, year = {2009}, pages = {1611--1616} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| volume = 2009| pages = 1611–1616| last = Yeh| first = Kuo-Chuan| title = Using an educational computer game as a motivational tool for supplemental instruction delivery for novice programmers in learning computer programming| booktitle = Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Carroll, J. M. et al. “The D-School in the I-School: HCI and Design Research.” iConference 2008 (2008): n. pag. Print.
iConference
BIB
@article{carroll2008d-school, title = {The d-school in the i-school: {HCI} and design research}, volume = {2008}, journal = {iConference}, author = {Carroll, J. M. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Rosson, M. B. and Zhang, X. L.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 2008| last1 = Carroll| first1 = J. M.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Rosson| first4 = M. B.| last5 = Zhang| first5 = X. L.| title = The d-school in the i-school: HCI and design research| journal = iConference| date = 2008}}
EndNote
St. Amant, R., T. E. Horton, and F. E. Ritter. “Model-Based Evaluation of Expert Cell Phone Menu Interaction.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 14.1 (2007): n. pag. Web.
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
PDF
BIB
@article{st._amant_model-based_2007, title = {Model-based evaluation of expert cell phone menu interaction}, volume = {14}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantHR07.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {St. Amant, R. and Horton, T. E. and Ritter, F. E.}, month = may, year = {2007} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 14| issue = 1| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = Horton| first2 = T. E.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Model-based evaluation of expert cell phone menu interaction| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2007-05}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Providing User Models Direct Access to Interfaces: An Exploratory Study of a Simple Interface with Implications for HRI and HCI.” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans 36.3 (2006): 592–601. Web.
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2006providing, title = {Providing user models direct access to interfaces: {An} exploratory study of a simple interface with implications for {HRI} and {HCI}}, volume = {36}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/ritterVRSAS06.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Van Rooy, D. and St. Amant, R. and {Simpson, K.}}, year = {2006}, keywords = {fixme}, pages = {592--601} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 36| issue = 3| pages = 592–601| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Van Rooy| first2 = D.| last3 = St. Amant| first3 = R.| last4 = Simpson, K.| title = Providing user models direct access to interfaces: An exploratory study of a simple interface with implications for HRI and HCI| journal = IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and A. B. Wood. “Dismal: A Spreadsheet for Sequential Data Analysis and HCI Experimentation.” Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers 37.1 (2005): 71–81. Web.
Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2005dismal:, title = {Dismal: {A} spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation}, volume = {37}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterW05.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. B.}, year = {2005}, pages = {71--81} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 37| issue = 1| pages = 71–81| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wood| first2 = A. B.| title = Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation| journal = Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers| date = 2005}}
EndNote
St. Amant, R., T. E. Horton, and F. E. Ritter. “Model-Based Evaluation of Cell Phone Menu Interaction.” Proceedings of the CHI’04 Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems. New York: NY: ACM. New York, NY: ACM, 2004. 343–350. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{st._amant_model-based_2004, address = {New York}, title = {Model-based evaluation of cell phone menu interaction}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stamantHR04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {CHI}'04 {Conference} on {Human} {Factors} in {Computer} {Systems}}, publisher = {NY: ACM. New York, NY: ACM}, author = {St. Amant, R. and Horton, T. E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {343--350} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = NY: ACM. New York, NY: ACM| pages = 343–350| last1 = St. Amant| first1 = R.| last2 = Horton| first2 = T. E.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Model-based evaluation of cell phone menu interaction| booktitle = Proceedings of the CHI'04 Conference on Human Factors in Computer Systems| location = New York| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., D. Van Rooy, and R. St. Amant. “A User Modeling Design Tool for Comparing Interfaces.” Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces CADUI’2002. Ed. C. Kolski and J. Vanderdonckt. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academics Publisher, 2002. 111–118. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2002user, address = {Dordrecht}, title = {A user modeling design tool for comparing interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterVRSA02.pdf}, booktitle = {Computer-{Aided} {Design} of {User} {Interfaces} {III}, {Proceedings} of the 4th {International} {Conference} on {Computer}-{Aided} {Design} of {User} {Interfaces} {CADUI}'2002}, publisher = {Kluwer Academics Publisher}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Van Rooy, D. and St. Amant, R.}, editor = {Kolski, C. and Vanderdonckt, J.}, year = {2002}, pages = {111--118} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Kluwer Academics Publisher| pages = 111–118| editors = C. Kolski, J. Vanderdonckt (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Van Rooy| first2 = D.| last3 = St. Amant| first3 = R.| title = A user modeling design tool for comparing interfaces| booktitle = Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III, Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces CADUI'2002| location = Dordrecht| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and A. B. Wood. Dismal: A Spreadsheet for Sequential Data Analysis and HCI Experimentation. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2002. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2002dismal:, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Dismal: {A} spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterW02.pdf}, number = {ACS 2002-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. B.}, year = {2002} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wood| first2 = A. B.| title = Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation| location = University Park, PA| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., A. R. Freed, and O. L. Haskett. Discovering User Information Needs: The Case of University Department Websites. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2002. Web.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2002discovering, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Discovering user information needs: {The} case of university department websites}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterFH02.pdf}, number = {ACS 2002-3}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Freed, A. R. and Haskett, O. L.}, year = {2002} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Freed| first2 = A. R.| last3 = Haskett| first3 = O. L.| title = Discovering user information needs: The case of university department websites| location = University Park, PA| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. An Example HCI Task, Interfaces, Model, and Verification for Single Subjects Design. ACT-R Summer School presentation, 2000. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter2000example, title = {An example {HCI} task, interfaces, model, and verification for {Single} subjects design}, publisher = {ACT-R Summer School presentation}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = ACT-R Summer School presentation| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = An example HCI task, interfaces, model, and verification for Single subjects design| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ong, R., and F. E. Ritter. “Mechanisms for Routinely Tying Cognitive Models to Interactive Simulations.” Osaka, Japan: July 1995. Ed. Hci International ’95. superceeded by Ritter Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000, 1995. Print.
BIB
@incollection{ong1995mechanisms, title = {Mechanisms for routinely tying cognitive models to interactive simulations}, booktitle = {Osaka, {Japan}: {July} 1995}, publisher = {superceeded by Ritter Baxter, Jones, \& Young, 2000}, author = {Ong, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {'95, Hci International}, year = {1995} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = superceeded by Ritter Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000| editors = Hci International '95 (ed.)| last1 = Ong| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Osaka, Japan: July 1995| chapter = Mechanisms for routinely tying cognitive models to interactive simulations| date = 1995}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and J. H. Larkin. “Developing Process Models as Summaries of HCI Action Sequences.” Human Computer Interaction’s special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis 9.3 (1994): 345–383. Web.
Human Computer Interaction's special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis
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BIB
@article{ritter1994developing, title = {Developing process models as summaries of {HCI} action sequences}, volume = {9}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterL94.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Human Computer Interaction's special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Larkin, J. H.}, year = {1994}, pages = {345--383} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 9| issue = 3| pages = 345–383| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Larkin| first2 = J. H.| title = Developing process models as summaries of HCI action sequences| journal = Human Computer Interaction's special issue on Exploratory Sequential Data Analysis| date = 1994}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Dismal: A Free Spreadsheet for Sequential Data Analysis and HCI Experimentation.” Computers in Psychology ’94. Ed. A. Trapp and N. Hammond. York (UK): CTI Centre for Psychology, U. of York. Reprinted in Psychology Software News, 5(2) (November 1994), Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Psychology, U. of York. pp. 57-58. Superceeded by Ritter & Wood, 2002, 1994. 62–63. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter1994dismal:, address = {York (UK)}, title = {Dismal: {A} free spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterLBM94.pdf}, booktitle = {Computers in {Psychology} '94}, publisher = {CTI Centre for Psychology, U. of York. Reprinted in Psychology Software News, 5(2) (November 1994), Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Psychology, U. of York. pp. 57-58. Superceeded by Ritter \& Wood, 2002}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Lochun, S. and Bibby, P. A. and Marshall, S.}, editor = {Trapp, A. and Hammond, N.}, year = {1994}, pages = {62--63} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = CTI Centre for Psychology, U. of York. Reprinted in Psychology Software News, 5(2) (November 1994), Computers in Teaching Initiative Centre for Psychology, U. of York. pp. 57-58. Superceeded by Ritter & Wood, 2002| pages = 62–63| editors = A. Trapp, N. Hammond (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Lochun| first2 = S.| last3 = Bibby| first3 = P. A.| last4 = Marshall| first4 = S.| title = Computers in Psychology '94| chapter = Dismal: A free spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation| location = York (UK)| date = 1994}}
EndNote

Physiology

Dancy, C. L. et al. “Using a Cognitive Architecture with a Physiological Substrate to Represent Effects of Psychological Stress on Cognition.” Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 21.1 (2015): 90–114. Web.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
CMOT
Abstract
Adding a physiological representation to cognitive architectures offers an attractive approach to modeling the effects of stress on cognition. We introduce ACT-RΦ‚ an extended version of the ACT-R cognitive architecture that includes an integrative physiological model. The extension allows the representation of non-linear physiological effects on cognition‚ and cognitive effects on physiology. This additional physiological substrate was used to represent potential effects of a startle response during a mental arithmetic (subtraction) task. We compare predic- tions from models loaded into the new hybrid architecture to models previously developed with- in the ACT-R architecture; the ACT-R models use parameter value sets to represent the effects of task-based stress on cognition during a subtraction task. General behavior differed between models in that the new models run in ACT-RΦ exhibited dynamic declarative memory noise over the course of the task‚ i.e. memory noise changed across time. The models run in ACT-RΦ also exhibited a lower percentage of subtraction problems answered correctly during the task as well as a higher number of responses; this more closely matched human performance than the previous ACT-R models. Using these models within ACT-RΦ allows a more tractable integration of current physiological and cognitive perspectives on stress. ACT-RΦ also permits further exploration of the interaction between cognition and physiology‚ and the emergent effects on behavior caused by the interaction among physiological subsystems. This extension is useful for anyone exploring how the human mind can occur in the physical universe.
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BIB
@article{dancy_c._l._using_2015, title = {Using a cognitive architecture with a physiological substrate to represent effects of psychological stress on cognition}, volume = {21}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRBip.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {{Dancy, C. L.} and {Ritter, F. E.} and {Berry, K.} and {Klein, L. C.}}, year = {2015}, pages = {90--114} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 21| issue = 1| pages = 90–114| last1 = Dancy, C. L.| last2 = Ritter, F. E.| last3 = Berry, K.| last4 = Klein, L. C.| title = Using a cognitive architecture with a physiological substrate to represent effects of psychological stress on cognition| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Dancy, C. L., F. E. Ritter, and G. Gunzelmann. “Two Ways to Model the Effects of Sleep Fatigue on Cognition.” Proceedings of the 13th  International Conference on Cognitive Modeling 2015. N.p., 2015. 258–263. Web.
Abstract
We compare how the same cognitive model completes a task within two alternative modifications to a cognitive architecture to represent sleep deprivation. One modification (ACT-R/F) has a module that uses a biomathematical model of the effects of sleep deprivation on performance to drive parameter changes in the architecture that impact behavior and performance. The second‚ new‚ modification (ACT-R/Phi represents the effects of sleep deprivation on physiological systems and has these systems modulate cognition. The model completes the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) within both ACT-R/Phi and ACT-R/F. We found that the two implementations produced similar response times (means) in simulated days one and two. However‚ the distribution of the response times across the two days of sleep deprivation varied between models. The ACT-Phi model shows a wider distribution in both days 1 and 2 due to an increased and modulating production utility noise that affects its ability to select the correct rules consistently. Though they represent sleep deprivation in different ways‚ and on different levels‚ both of these implementations lead us towards a more unified understanding of how sleep deprivation affects our bodies‚ how we think and behave over time‚ and how to represent these effects.
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BIB
@inproceedings{dancy2015two, title = {Two ways to model the effects of sleep fatigue on cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRG15.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling} 2015}, author = {Dancy, C. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Gunzelmann, G.}, year = {2015}, pages = {258--263} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 258–263| last1 = Dancy| first1 = C. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Gunzelmann| first3 = G.| title = Two ways to model the effects of sleep fatigue on cognition| booktitle = Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Cognitive Modeling 2015| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Li, N. et al. “HHeal: A Personalized Health App for Flu Tracking and Prevention.” CHI EA ’15, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY: ACM, 2015. 1415–1420. Web.
Abstract
We report a new mobile application‚ HHeal‚ that inte- grates individuals’ flu risk information and flu-preventive behaviors. The app provides a personal flu risk bar that rises when the user is near someone with flu-like symp- toms and drops when the user finishes one of the sug- gested flu-preventive behaviors. Preliminary results show that participants favored the personal flu risk bar design. Participants had positive experiences when their personal risk bars dropped. They were motivated to initiate flu-preventive behaviors when their personal risk bars rose. Our next step includes studying reward strat- egies‚ users’ motivations to share personal health information‚ and building a more accurate model of flu risk.
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BIB
@inproceedings{li2015hheal:, address = {New York, NY}, title = {{HHeal}: {A} personalized health app for flu tracking and prevention}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/liZCR15.pdf}, booktitle = {{CHI} {EA} '15, {Proceedings} of the 33rd {Annual} {ACM} {Conference} {Extended} {Abstracts} on {Human} {Factors} in {Computing} {Systems}}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Li, N. and Zhao, C. and Choe, E. K. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2015}, pages = {1415--1420} }
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{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM| pages = 1415–1420| last1 = Li| first1 = N.| last2 = Zhao| first2 = C.| last3 = Choe| first3 = E. K.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = HHeal: A personalized health app for flu tracking and prevention| booktitle = CHI EA '15, Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems| location = New York, NY| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Dancy, C. L. “Why the Change of Heart? Understanding the Interactions between Physiology, Affect, and Cognition and Their Effects on Decision-Making.” Unpublished PhD, Penn State, University Park, PA, 2014. Web.
Abstract
How do physiological and affective processes interact with cognitive processes to change the way we think? How can we better understand the processes that underlie decision-making and choice behavior? This dissertation presents a novel hybrid cognitive architecture‚ ACT-R/Φ‚ which extends the ACT-R cognitive architecture with an integrative model of physiology and a model of affect and emotion. Extending a cognitive architecture with representations of affect and physiology allows the straightforward development of more illustrative computational process models of human behavior that explain experimental results from physiology‚ neuroscience‚ and psychology. Computational models were developed that provide an account of how physiological change due to psychological stress or homeostasis can modulate cognitive processes. An experiment was also run to explore how subliminal visual emotional stimuli affect physiology and decision-making behavior during the Iowa Gambling Task. Results indicate that effects of subliminal affective stimuli were dependent on participant sex and personality differences. A computational process model was developed that performs the same task and behaves similarly to the participants. Physiological and affective states continually interact with cognitive processes‚ biasing memory and‚ consequently‚ decisions. Evolved adaptations that support physiological and affective change of behavior (e.g.‚ natural reactions to thirst or hunger) affect the way we learn and make choices. The ACT-R/Φ hybrid architecture‚ and the theoretical architectural models that define it‚ can be used to develop models of human behavior that include the necessary accounts of physiology and affect that describe what the body needs and how changes in behavior affects these needs. This improved understanding of the architecture that constrains our behavior gives us a better opportunity to comprehend why we make the decisions we do and how we can use this knowledge to make better decisions.
link
BIB
@phdthesis{dancy_c._l._why_2014, title = {Why the change of heart? {Understanding} the interactions between physiology, affect, and cognition and their effects on decision-making}, url = {https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/paper/21287/}, school = {Unpublished PhD, Penn State, University Park, PA}, author = {{Dancy, C. L.}}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| publisher = Unpublished PhD, Penn State, University Park, PA| last = Dancy, C. L.| title = Why the change of heart? Understanding the interactions between physiology, affect, and cognition and their effects on decision-making| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “CoJACK: A High-Level Cognitive Architecture with Demonstrations of Moderators, Variability, and Implications for Situation Awareness.” Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures 1.1 (2012): 2–13. Web.
Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures
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BIB
@article{ritter2012cojack:, title = {{CoJACK}: {A} high-level cognitive architecture with demonstrations of moderators, variability, and implications for situation awareness}, volume = {1}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBKEPBip.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bittner, J. L. and Kase, S. E. and Evertsz, R. and Pedrotti, M. and Busetta, P.}, year = {2012}, pages = {2--13} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 1| pages = 2–13| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bittner| first2 = J. L.| last3 = Kase| first3 = S. E.| last4 = Evertsz| first4 = R.| last5 = Pedrotti| first5 = M.| last6 = Busetta| first6 = P.| title = CoJACK: A high-level cognitive architecture with demonstrations of moderators, variability, and implications for situation awareness| journal = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Dancy, C. L., F. E. Ritter, and K. Berry. “Towards Adding a Physiological Substrate to ACT-R.” Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society, 2012. 78–85. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{dancy2012towards, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {Towards adding a physiological substrate to {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/dancyRB12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Dancy, C. L. and Ritter, F. E. and Berry, K.}, year = {2012}, pages = {78--85} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 78–85| last1 = Dancy| first1 = C. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Berry| first3 = K.| title = Towards adding a physiological substrate to ACT-R| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and K.-C. M. Yeh. “Modeling Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics on a Mobile Device to Help Caffeine Users.” Augmented Cognition International Conference. N.p., 2011. 528–535. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2011modeling, title = {Modeling pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on a mobile device to help caffeine users}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY11.pdf}, booktitle = {Augmented {Cognition} {International} {Conference}}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Yeh, K.-C. M.}, year = {2011}, pages = {528--535} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 528–535| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Yeh| first2 = K.-C. M.| title = Modeling pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on a mobile device to help caffeine users| booktitle = Augmented Cognition International Conference| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., C. Dancy, and K. Berry. “The Case for Including Physiology in Cognitive Modeling.” Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures. 303. IOS Press: Amsterdam303. IOS Press: Amsterdam, 2011. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2011case, title = {The case for including physiology in cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterDB11.pdf}, booktitle = {Biologically {Inspired} {Cognitive} {Architectures}}, publisher = {303. IOS Press: Amsterdam303. IOS Press: Amsterdam}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Dancy, C. and Berry, K.}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = 303. IOS Press: Amsterdam303. IOS Press: Amsterdam| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Dancy| first2 = C.| last3 = Berry| first3 = K.| title = Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures| chapter = The case for including physiology in cognitive modeling| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Klein, L. C. et al. “Caffeine and Stress Alter Salivary α-Amylase Levels in Young Men.” Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental 25 (2010): 359–367. Web.
Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental
PDF
BIB
@article{klein2010caffeine, title = {Caffeine and stress alter salivary α-{Amylase} levels in young men}, volume = {25}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kleinBWGR10.pdf}, journal = {Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental}, author = {Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Granger, D. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010}, pages = {359--367} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 25| pages = 359–367| last1 = Klein| first1 = L. C.| last2 = Bennett| first2 = J. M.| last3 = Whetzel| first3 = C. A.| last4 = Granger| first4 = D. A.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Caffeine and stress alter salivary α-Amylase levels in young men| journal = Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Kase, S. E., F. E. Ritter, and M. Schoelles. “Caffeine’s Effect on Appraisal and Mental Arithmetic Performance: A Cognitive Modeling Approach Tells Us More.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Manchester, England: N.p., 2009. 39–46. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kase2009caffeines, address = {Manchester, England}, title = {Caffeine's effect on appraisal and mental arithmetic performance: {A} cognitive modeling approach tells us more}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2009}, pages = {39--46} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 39–46| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Schoelles| first3 = M.| title = Caffeine's effect on appraisal and mental arithmetic performance: A cognitive modeling approach tells us more| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Manchester, England| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. Fitting a Model to Behavior Tells Us What Changes Cognitively When under Stress and with Caffeine. In Proceedings of the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Symposium at the AAAI Fall Syposium. Keynote presentation, 2009. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2009fitting, type = {Technical {Report}}, title = {Fitting a model to behavior tells us what changes cognitively when under stress and with caffeine}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKKBS09.pdf}, institution = {In Proceedings of the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Symposium at the AAAI Fall Syposium. Keynote presentation}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kase, S. E. and Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2009} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = In Proceedings of the Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures Symposium at the AAAI Fall Syposium. Keynote presentation| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kase| first2 = S. E.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| last4 = Bennett| first4 = J.| last5 = Schoelles| first5 = M.| title = Fitting a model to behavior tells us what changes cognitively when under stress and with caffeine| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “High-Level Behavior Representation Languages and Moderators of Behavior.” The USMA Network Science Workshop (2008): 15–17. Web.
The USMA Network Science Workshop
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BIB
@article{ritter2008high-level, title = {High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter08b.pdf}, journal = {The USMA Network Science Workshop}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = oct, year = {2008}, pages = {15--17} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 15–17| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior| journal = The USMA Network Science Workshop| date = 2008-10}}
EndNote
Klein, L. C. et al. “Daily Caffeine Use Impacts Neuroendocrine and Cardiovascular Responses to Laboratory Stress in Healthy Men.” Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD 70.3 (2008): n. pag. Web.
Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD
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BIB
@article{klein2008daily, title = {Daily caffeine use impacts neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress in healthy men}, volume = {70}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kleinBWR08.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD}, author = {Klein, L. C. and Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 70| issue = 3| last1 = Klein| first1 = L. C.| last2 = Bennett| first2 = J. M.| last3 = Whetzel| first3 = C. A.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = Daily caffeine use impacts neuroendocrine and cardiovascular responses to laboratory stress in healthy men| journal = Presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychosomatic Society, Baltimore, MD| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Evertsz, R. et al. “CoJACK - Achieving Principled Behaviour Variation in a Moderated Cognitive Architecture.” Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2008. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{evertsz2008cojack, title = {{CoJACK} - {Achieving} principled behaviour variation in a moderated cognitive architecture}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszBPRB08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Evertsz, R. and Busetta, P. and Pedrotti, M. and Ritter, F. E. and Bittner, J. L.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida08-BRIMS-025. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| last1 = Evertsz| first1 = R.| last2 = Busetta| first2 = P.| last3 = Pedrotti| first3 = M.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| last5 = Bittner| first5 = J. L.| title = CoJACK - Achieving principled behaviour variation in a moderated cognitive architecture| booktitle = Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “dTank Updated: Steps towards Exploring Moderator-Influenced Behavior in a Light-Weight Synthetic Environment.” Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2007. 51–60. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2007dtank, title = {{dTank} updated: {Steps} towards exploring moderator-influenced behavior in a light-weight synthetic environment}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKBLC07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kase, S. E. and Bhandarkar, D. and Lewis, B. and Cohen, M. A.}, year = {2007}, pages = {51--60} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-014. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 51–60| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kase| first2 = S. E.| last3 = Bhandarkar| first3 = D.| last4 = Lewis| first4 = B.| last5 = Cohen| first5 = M. A.| title = dTank updated: Steps towards exploring moderator-influenced behavior in a light-weight synthetic environment| booktitle = Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Bennett, J. M. et al. “Effects of Caffeine and Stress on Cortisol and Serial Subtraction Performance in Young Healthy Men.” Psychosomatic Medicine 68.1 (2006): n. pag. Web.
Psychosomatic Medicine
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BIB
@article{bennett2006effects, title = {Effects of caffeine and stress on cortisol and serial subtraction performance in young healthy men}, volume = {68}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bennettWRRK06.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, author = {Bennett, J. M. and Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. and Klein, L. C.}, year = {2006} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 68| issue = 1| last1 = Bennett| first1 = J. M.| last2 = Whetzel| first2 = C. A.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Reifers| first4 = A.| last5 = Klein| first5 = L. C.| title = Effects of caffeine and stress on cortisol and serial subtraction performance in young healthy men| journal = Psychosomatic Medicine| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Klein, L. C. et al. “Effects of Caffeine and Stress on Salivary Alpha-Amylase in Young Men: A Salivary Biomarker of Sympathetic Activity.” Psychosomatic Medicine 68.1 (2006): n. pag. Web.
Psychosomatic Medicine
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BIB
@article{klein2006effects, title = {Effects of caffeine and stress on salivary alpha-amylase in young men: {A} salivary biomarker of sympathetic activity}, volume = {68}, url = {http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/misc/AbstractsForJournal062-9final.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, author = {Klein, L. C. and Whetzel, C. A. and Bennett, J. M. and Ritter, F. E. and Granger, D. A.}, year = {2006} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 68| issue = 1| last1 = Klein| first1 = L. C.| last2 = Whetzel| first2 = C. A.| last3 = Bennett| first3 = J. M.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| last5 = Granger| first5 = D. A.| title = Effects of caffeine and stress on salivary alpha-amylase in young men: A salivary biomarker of sympathetic activity| journal = Psychosomatic Medicine| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Whetzel, C. A., F. E. Ritter, and L. C. Klein. “DHEA-S and Cortisol Responses to Stress and Caffeine in Healthy Young Men: Is DHEA-S a Reliable Marker for Stress?” Psychosomatic Medicine 68.1 (2006): n. pag. Web.
Psychosomatic Medicine
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BIB
@article{whetzel2006dhea-s, title = {{DHEA}-{S} and cortisol responses to stress and caffeine in healthy young men: {Is} {DHEA}-{S} a reliable marker for stress?}, volume = {68}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/whetzelRK06.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, author = {Whetzel, C. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Klein, L. C.}, year = {2006} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 68| issue = 1| last1 = Whetzel| first1 = C. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| title = DHEA-S and cortisol responses to stress and caffeine in healthy young men: Is DHEA-S a reliable marker for stress?| journal = Psychosomatic Medicine| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Gluck, K. et al. “Modeling the Impact of Cognitive Moderators on Human Cognition and Performance.” Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2006. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{gluck2006modeling, title = {Modeling the impact of cognitive moderators on human cognition and performance}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/gluckGGHR06.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Gluck, K. and Gunzelmann, G. and Gratch, J. and Hudlicka, E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2006} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum2658. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| last1 = Gluck| first1 = K.| last2 = Gunzelmann| first2 = G.| last3 = Gratch| first3 = J.| last4 = Hudlicka| first4 = E.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Modeling the impact of cognitive moderators on human cognition and performance| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L., and M. J. Schoelles. Defining Testable Theories of Pre-Task Appraisal Stress. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2005. Web.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter_f._e._reifers_defining_2005, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterRS05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L. and Schoelles, M. J.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter, F. E., Reifers| first1 = A. L.| last2 = Schoelles| first2 = M. J.| title = Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Using Cognitive Modeling to Study Behavior Moderators: Pre-Task Appraisal and Anxiety.” Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 2004. 2121–2125. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2004using, title = {Using cognitive modeling to study behavior moderators: {Pre}-task appraisal and anxiety}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterRKQS04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Factors} and {Ergonomics} {Society}}, publisher = {Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. and Klein, L. C. and Quigley, K. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2004}, pages = {2121--2125} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society| pages = 2121–2125| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Reifers| first2 = A.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| last4 = Quigley| first4 = K.| last5 = Schoelles| first5 = M.| title = Using cognitive modeling to study behavior moderators: Pre-task appraisal and anxiety| booktitle = Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., M. Avraamides, and I. G. Councill. “An Approach for Accurately Modeling the Effects of Behavior Moderators.” Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference. 02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2002. 29–40. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2002approach, title = {An approach for accurately modeling the effects of behavior moderators}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterAC02.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {Computer} {Generated} {Forces} {Conference}}, publisher = {02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M. and Councill, I. G.}, year = {2002}, pages = {29--40} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-002. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 29–40| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M.| last3 = Councill| first3 = I. G.| title = An approach for accurately modeling the effects of behavior moderators| booktitle = Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Pre-Task Appraisal and Caffeine: An Architectural Overlay for ACT-R.” Air Force Workshop on ACT-R Models of Human-System Interaction. AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002: Mesa, 2002. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2002pre-task, address = {AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002}, title = {Pre-task appraisal and caffeine: {An} architectural overlay for {ACT}-{R}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterACQKMVRMSR02.pdf}, booktitle = {Air {Force} {Workshop} on {ACT}-{R} {Models} of {Human}-{System} {Interaction}}, publisher = {Mesa}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M. N. and Councill, I. and Rooy, van and D., Quigley and S, K. and Klein, L. C. and McNeese, M. D. and Stine, M. M. and Rodrigues, I. M.}, year = {2002} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Mesa| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M. N.| last3 = Councill| first3 = I.| last4 = Rooy| first4 = van| last5 = D.| first5 = Quigley| last6 = S| first6 = K.| last7 = Klein| first7 = L. C.| last8 = McNeese| first8 = M. D.| last9 = Stine| first9 = M. M.| last10 = Rodrigues| first10 = I. M.| title = Air Force Workshop on ACT-R Models of Human-System Interaction| chapter = Pre-task appraisal and caffeine: An architectural overlay for ACT-R| location = AZ, January 2002Mesa, AZ, January 2002| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and M. N. Avraamides. Steps towards Including Behavioural Moderators in Human Performance Models in Synthetic Environments. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2000. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2000steps, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Steps towards including behavioural moderators in human performance models in synthetic environments}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterA00.pdf}, number = {ACS 2000-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M. N.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M. N.| title = Steps towards including behavioural moderators in human performance models in synthetic environments| location = University Park, PA| date = 2000}}
EndNote

Social Cognition

Wang, Yafei, David Reitter, and John Yen. “How Emotional Support and Informational Support Relate to Linguistic Alignment.” Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2017. Web. LNCS.
LNCS
Abstract
Linguistic alignment in text-based communication means that people tend to adjust their language use to one another both in terms of word choice and sentence structure. Previous studies about linguistic alignment suggested that these two forms of adaptation are correlated with each other‚ and that they build up to alignment at a higher representational level‚ such as pragmatic alignment for support functions. Two types of social support have been identified as important for online health communities (OHCs): emotional and informational support between support seekers and support providers. Do the two lower-level alignment measures (lexical and syntactic) relate to these two types of social support in the same way or‚ are they different? Our hypothesis was that they are similar‚ due to their correlation relationship. However‚ we found that‚ based on an analysis of a 10-year online forum for cancer survivors‚ the lower-level alignment measures have distinct relationships to the two higher-level support functions. In this paper‚ we describe this finding and its implications regarding potential refinement of the Inter- active Alignment Model.
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BIB
@inproceedings{wang2017how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/wang2017emotional.pdf}, booktitle = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Wang, Yafei and Reitter, David and Yen, John}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| last1 = Wang| first1 = Yafei| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Yen| first3 = John| title = How emotional support and informational support relate to linguistic alignment| booktitle = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS| date = 2017}}
EndNote
Cole, Jeremy, Moojan Ghafurian, and David Reitter. “Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities.” Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2017. Web. LNCS.
Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling
LNCS
Abstract
This study examines how novel words originate in and disperse through online communities. It asks whether larger numbers of people or closer social ties are better environments to foster the adoption of new words. The data stem from Reddit‚ a large sample of web-mediated‚ asynchronous conversations. Reddit communities are divided by size in this study: larger communities are based on discussing general topics and have weak social ties‚ whereas small communities are based on discussing specific topics and have strong social ties. The analysis shows that the majority of new words are created / first adopted in larger communities.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2017is, address = {Washington, D.C.}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Is {Word} {Adoption} a {Grassroots} {Process}? {An} {Analysis} of {Reddit} {Communities}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2017wordadoption.pdf}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Ghafurian, Moojan and Reitter, David}, year = {2017} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| conference = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Ghafurian| first2 = Moojan| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = Is Word Adoption a Grassroots Process? An Analysis of Reddit Communities| location = Washington, D.C.| series = LNCS| date = 2017}}
EndNote
D’Orazio, Vito et al. “Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Interstate Conflict.” PLOS ONE 11.6 (2016): e0156527. Web.
PLOS ONE
PLOS ONE
PDF
BIB
@article{dorazio2016crowdsourcing, title = {Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict}, volume = {11}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/dorazio2016conflict.pdf}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0156527}, number = {6}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2016}, pages = {e0156527} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0156527| volume = 11| issue = 6| pages = –0156527| last1 = D'Orazio| first1 = Vito| last2 = Kenwick| first2 = Michael| last3 = Lane| first3 = Matthew| last4 = Palmer| first4 = Glenn| last5 = Reitter| first5 = David| title = Crowdsourcing the measurement of interstate conflict| journal = PLOS ONE| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Cole, Jeremy, Ying Xu, and David Reitter. “How People Talk about Armed Conflicts: An Analysis of Reddit Data.” Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling & Prediction and Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Washington, D.C.: Springer, 2016. Web.
Abstract
Armed conflicts around the world produce displacement‚ in- jury‚ and death. This study examines how anonymous and pseudony- mous Internet commenters discuss such conflicts. Specifically‚ we ask how permissible it is to express positive or negative sentiments about these conflicts as a function of variables including region‚ conflict nature‚ and severity. Data from the Armed Conflicts Database is aggregated to identify a number of potential factors that may influence views on ac- ceptable sentiments. A large-scale sample of the Reddit comment forum was coded for positive and negative sentiments using sentiment analy- sis techniques. Permissibility is judged using the Reddit voting features. Regressions reveal that positive sentiments are found not permissible for higher numbers of fatalities‚ and that negative sentiments are found permissible for certain regions‚ more permissible for older conflicts‚ and less permissible for territorial conflicts. A number of alternative‚ non- correlated predictors are presented.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{cole2016how, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {How people talk about armed conflicts: {An} analysis of {Reddit} data}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/cole2016armedconflicts.pdf}, booktitle = {Social {Computing}, {Behavioral}-{Cultural} {Modeling} \& {Prediction} and {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Cole, Jeremy and Xu, Ying and Reitter, David}, year = {2016} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| last1 = Cole| first1 = Jeremy| last2 = Xu| first2 = Ying| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| title = How people talk about armed conflicts: An analysis of Reddit data| booktitle = Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling & Prediction and Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2016}}
EndNote
Ororbia II, Alexander G. et al. “Error-Correction and Aggregation in Crowd-Sourcing of Geopolitical Incident Information.” Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction. Vol. 9021. Springer, 2015. Print. Lecture Notes in Computer Science.
Abstract
A discriminative model is presented for crowd-sourcing the annotation of news stories to produce a structured dataset about incidents involving militarized disputes between nation-states. We used a question tree to gather partially redundant data from each crowd worker. A lattice of Bayesian Networks was then applied to error correct the individual worker annotations‚ the results of which were then aggregated via majority voting. The resulting hybrid model outperformed comparable‚ state-of-the-art aggregation models in both accuracy and computational scalability.
BIB
@incollection{ororbia_ii_error-correction_2015, series = {Lecture {Notes} in {Computer} {Science}}, title = {Error-correction and {Aggregation} in {Crowd}-{Sourcing} of {Geopolitical} {Incident} {Information}}, volume = {9021}, booktitle = {Social {Computing}, {Behavioral} {Modeling} and {Prediction}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Ororbia II, Alexander G. and Xu, Yang and D'Orazio, Vito and Reitter, David}, year = {2015} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| volume = 9021| last1 = Ororbia II| first1 = Alexander G.| last2 = Xu| first2 = Yang| last3 = D'Orazio| first3 = Vito| last4 = Reitter| first4 = David| title = Social Computing, Behavioral Modeling and Prediction| chapter = Error-correction and Aggregation in Crowd-Sourcing of Geopolitical Incident Information| series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science| date = 2015}}
EndNote
D’Orazio, Vito et al. “Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data.” Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association. Toronto, Canada. 2014. Talk.
BIB
@misc{dorazio2014crowdsourcing, address = {Toronto, Canada}, type = {Talk}, title = {Crowdsourcing the {Measurement} of {Observational} {Data}}, author = {D'Orazio, Vito and Kenwick, Michael and Lane, Matthew and Palmer, Glenn and Reitter, David}, year = {2014} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last1 = D'Orazio| first1 = Vito| last2 = Kenwick| first2 = Michael| last3 = Lane| first3 = Matthew| last4 = Palmer| first4 = Glenn| last5 = Reitter| first5 = David| title = Crowdsourcing the Measurement of Observational Data| location = Toronto, Canada| date = 2014}}
EndNote
Scerri, Paul, and David Reitter. “Cognitive Instance-Based Learning Agents in a Multi-Agent Congestion Game.” Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013. N.p., 2013. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{scerri2013cognitive, title = {Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/scerri2013informationsharing.pdf}, booktitle = {Workshop on {Information} {Sharing} in {Large} {Scale} {Multi}-{Agent} {Systems}, at {AAMAS} 2013}, author = {Scerri, Paul and Reitter, David}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Scerri| first1 = Paul| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| title = Cognitive instance-based learning agents in a multi-agent congestion game| booktitle = Workshop on Information Sharing in Large Scale Multi-Agent Systems, at AAMAS 2013| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Paul Scerri. “Smooth Dynamics, Good Performance in Cognitive-Agent Congestion Problems.” Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. N.p., 2013. 3269–3274. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2013smooth, title = {Smooth {Dynamics}, {Good} {Performance} in {Cognitive}-{Agent} {Congestion} {Problems}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter2013smooth.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2013}, pages = {3269--3274} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 3269–3274| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Scerri| first2 = Paul| title = Smooth Dynamics, Good Performance in Cognitive-Agent Congestion Problems| booktitle = Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “Social Cognition: Memory Decay and Adaptive Information Filtering for Robust Information Maintenance.” Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-12). N.p., 2012. 242–248. Web.
Abstract
Two information decay methods are examined that help multi-agent systems cope with dynamic environments. The agents in this simulation have human-like memory and a mechanism to moderate their communications: they forget internally stored information via temporal decay‚ and they forget distributed information by filtering it as it passes through a communication network. The agents play a foraging game‚ in which performance depends on communicating facts and requests and on storing facts in internal memory. Parameters of the game and agent models are tuned to human data. Agent groups with moderated communication in small-world networks achieve optimal performance for typical human memory decay values‚ while non-adaptive agents benefit from stronger memory decay. The decay and filtering strategies interact with the properties of the network graph in ways suggestive of an evolutionary co-optimization between the human cognitive system and an external social structure.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012social, title = {Social {Cognition}: {Memory} decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter2012socialcognition.pdf}, booktitle = {Twenty-{Sixth} {AAAI} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} ({AAAI}-12)}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2012}, pages = {242--248} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 242–248| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Social Cognition: Memory decay and adaptive information filtering for robust information maintenance| booktitle = Twenty-Sixth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI-12)| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David. “Lexical Language Evolution in Networked Human Groups.” Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON 2012). Chicago, IL: N.p., 2012. Web.
Abstract
The development and refinement of natural-language communication systems among networked individuals is not well understood and difficult to study. This paper uses a task providing a controlled environment for the goal-oriented‚ collaborative exchange of short‚ natural-language messages between experimental participants (20 per group) in order to demonstrate lexical convergence. A technique for illustrating convergence based on graph layout by multidimensional scaling is described. While reliable convergence is shown‚ it is limited to the collaborative or communicative situation: participants did not adopt group terms in a separately administered post-test questionnaire.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012lexical, address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Lexical language evolution in networked human groups}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2012lexical.pdf}, booktitle = {Words and {Networks}: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON} 2012)}, author = {Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last = Reitter| first = David| title = Lexical language evolution in networked human groups| booktitle = Words and Networks: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON 2012)| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Zhao, C. et al. “Socio-Cognitive Networks: Modeling the Effects of Space and Memory on Generative Social Structures.” Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society, 2012. 24–31. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2012socio-cognitive, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {Socio-cognitive networks: {Modeling} the effects of space and memory on generative social structures}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHSRM12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Sanford, J. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, G. P.}, year = {2012}, pages = {24--31} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 24–31| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Kaulakis| first2 = R.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Hiam| first4 = J. W.| last5 = Sanford| first5 = J. P.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| last7 = Morgan| first7 = G. P.| title = Socio-cognitive networks: Modeling the effects of space and memory on generative social structures| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Zhao, C. et al. “Modeling a Cognitively Limited Network in an Agent-Based Simulation.” Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX, 2012. 2603–2608. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2012modeling, title = {Modeling a cognitively limited network in an agent-based simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHR12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX}, author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012}, pages = {2603--2608} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX| pages = 2603–2608| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Kaulakis| first2 = R.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Hiam| first4 = J. W.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Modeling a cognitively limited network in an agent-based simulation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Orendovici, R., and F. E. Ritter. “Social Network Analysis and Simulation of the Development of Adversarial Networks.” Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society, 2012. 119–126. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{orendovici2012social, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {Social network analysis and simulation of the development of adversarial networks}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/orendoviciR12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Orendovici, R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012}, pages = {119--126} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 119–126| last1 = Orendovici| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Social network analysis and simulation of the development of adversarial networks| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Paul Scerri. “Social Multi-Agent Learning with Simple and Cognitive Agents.” Poster at CAOSS 2012: Workshop on Computational and Online Social Science. New York, N.Y.: N.p., 2012. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2012social, address = {New York, N.Y.}, title = {Social {Multi}-{Agent} {Learning} with {Simple} and {Cognitive} {Agents}}, booktitle = {Poster at {CAOSS} 2012: {Workshop} on {Computational} and {Online} {Social} {Science}}, author = {Reitter, David and Scerri, Paul}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Scerri| first2 = Paul| title = Social Multi-Agent Learning with Simple and Cognitive Agents| booktitle = Poster at CAOSS 2012: Workshop on Computational and Online Social Science| location = New York, N.Y.| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Diesner, Jana, and David Reitter, eds. Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012). Chicago, IL: Association for Computing Machinery, 2012. Web.
PDF
BIB
@book{diesner2012proc., address = {Chicago, IL}, title = {Proc. {Words} and {Networks} 2012: {Language} {Use} in {Socio}-{Technical} {Networks} ({WON}2012)}, url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W11-06.pdf}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, editor = {Diesner, Jana and Reitter, David}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Association for Computing Machinery| others = Jana Diesner, David Reitter (eds.)| title = Proc. Words and Networks 2012: Language Use in Socio-Technical Networks (WON2012)| location = Chicago, IL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “How Groups Develop a Specialized Domain Vocabulary: A Cognitive Multi-Agent Model.” Cognitive Systems Research 12.2 (2011): 175–185. Web.
Cognitive Systems Research
Abstract
We simulate the evolution of a domain vocabulary in small communities. Empirical data show that human communicators can evolve graphical languages quickly in a constrained task (Pictionary)‚ and that communities converge towards a common language. We propose that simulations of such cultural evolution incorporate properties of human memory (cue-based retrieval‚ learning‚ decay). A cognitive model is described that encodes abstract concepts with small sets of concrete‚ related concepts (directing)‚ and that also decodes such signs (matching). Learning captures conventionalized signs. Relatedness of concepts is characterized by a mixture of shared and individual knowledge‚ which we sample from a text corpus. Simulations show vocabulary convergence of agent communities of varied structure‚ but idiosyncrasy in vocabularies of each dyad of models. Convergence is weakened when agents do not alternate between encoding and decoding‚ predicting the necessity of bi-directional communication. Convergence is improved by explicit feedback about communicative success. We hypothesize that humans seek out subtle clues to gauge success in order to guide their vocabulary acquisition.
PDF
BIB
@article{reitter2011how, title = {How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: {A} cognitive multi-agent model}, volume = {12}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011domainvocabulary.pdf}, doi = {10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, year = {2011}, pages = {175--185} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.06.005| volume = 12| issue = 2| pages = 175–185| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = How groups develop a specialized domain vocabulary: A cognitive multi-agent model| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Qiu, B. et al. “Event-Driven Modeling of Social Networks.” Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems 1.1 (2011): 13–32. Web.
Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems
PDF
BIB
@article{qiu2011event-driven, title = {Event-driven modeling of social networks}, volume = {1}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/qiuIYLR11.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems}, author = {Qiu, B. and Ivanova, K. and Yen, J. and Liu, P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {13--32} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 1| pages = 13–32| last1 = Qiu| first1 = B.| last2 = Ivanova| first2 = K.| last3 = Yen| first3 = J.| last4 = Liu| first4 = P.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Event-driven modeling of social networks| journal = Journal of Social Computing and Cyber-Physical Systems| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Reitter, David, and Christian Lebiere. “Towards Cognitive Models of Communication and Group Intelligence.” Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society. Boston, MA: N.p., 2011. 734–739. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011towards, address = {Boston, MA}, title = {Towards {Cognitive} {Models} of {Communication} and {Group} {Intelligence}}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/compling/papers/reitter-lebiere2011group-intelligence.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd {Annual} {Meeting} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, author = {Reitter, David and Lebiere, Christian}, month = jul, year = {2011}, pages = {734--739} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 734–739| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| title = Towards Cognitive Models of Communication and Group Intelligence| booktitle = Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society| location = Boston, MA| date = 2011-07}}
EndNote
Gonzalez, Cleotilde et al. “Scaling Individual Decision Making Models to Models of Social Networks.” Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS). Provo, UT: N.p., 2011. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{gonzalez2011scaling, address = {Provo, UT}, title = {Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Gonzalez, Cleotilde and Lebiere, Christian and Juvina, Ion and Erev, Ido and Zinkevich, Martin and Reitter, David}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Gonzalez| first1 = Cleotilde| last2 = Lebiere| first2 = Christian| last3 = Juvina| first3 = Ion| last4 = Erev| first4 = Ido| last5 = Zinkevich| first5 = Martin| last6 = Reitter| first6 = David| title = Scaling individual decision making models to models of social networks| booktitle = Symposium at the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation (BRIMS)| location = Provo, UT| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Reitter, David et al. “How Teams Benefit from Communication Policies: Information Flow in Human Peer-to-Peer Networks.” Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (BRIMS). Sundance, UT: N.p., 2011. 138–145. Web.
Abstract
In an experiment involving teams of humans playing a cooperative game‚ we study the effect of local communication policies on the efficiency and the performance of teams and of individuals in different positions within a network. This design provides an experimental model of human communities‚ where information may spread from peer to peer by word of mouth. With this model‚ we explain the realistic tradeoff between liberal information dumping and targeted information sharing by human peers. Human subjects exchanged natural-language messages with relevance to a task‚ thereby sharing knowledge across a community. Communication took place along the edges of a small-world graph. Cooperation and individual efforts were incentivized. In one condition‚ participants were asked to request specific information and only supply information that they knew was needed. In another condition‚ they were asked to supply and forward as much information as possible. We found that a targeted communication policy was successfully implemented by the participants‚ increased task success‚ shortened the time it took to get answers to questions‚ increased efficiency (task success per communication bandwidth)‚ and may have done so selectively for nodes with fewer connections.
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BIB
@inproceedings{reitter2011how, address = {Sundance, UT}, title = {How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks}, url = {http://www.david-reitter.com/pub/reitter2011policies.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} \& {Simulation} {Conference} ({BRIMS})}, author = {Reitter, David and Sycara, Katia and Lebiere, Christian and Vinokurov, Yury and Juarez, Antonio and Lewis, Michael}, year = {2011}, pages = {138--145} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 138–145| last1 = Reitter| first1 = David| last2 = Sycara| first2 = Katia| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = Christian| last4 = Vinokurov| first4 = Yury| last5 = Juarez| first5 = Antonio| last6 = Lewis| first6 = Michael| title = How teams benefit from communication policies: information flow in human peer-to-peer networks| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Behavior Representation in Modeling & Simulation Conference (BRIMS)| location = Sundance, UT| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Mason, Winter et al. “Cognition and Social Dynamics: A New Approach to Emergent Phenomena.” Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science. Washington, D.C.: N.p., 2011. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{mason2011cognition, address = {Washington, D.C.}, title = {Cognition and {Social} {Dynamics}: a {New} {Approach} to {Emergent} {Phenomena}}, booktitle = {Symposium at the 23rd {Annual} {Convention} of the {Association} for {Psychological} {Science}}, author = {Mason, Winter and Reitter, David and Coman, Alin and Hirst, Bill}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Mason| first1 = Winter| last2 = Reitter| first2 = David| last3 = Coman| first3 = Alin| last4 = Hirst| first4 = Bill| title = Cognition and Social Dynamics: a New Approach to Emergent Phenomena| booktitle = Symposium at the 23rd Annual Convention of the Association for Psychological Science| location = Washington, D.C.| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Lothian, J. M. High Performance Computing for Agent-Based Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2011. Web.
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BIB
@techreport{lothian2011high, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/lothian11.pdf}, number = {ACS 2011-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Lothian, J. M.}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Lothian| first = J. M.| title = High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. R. Haynes. “Applying Software Engineering to Agent Development.” AI Magazine 31.2 (2010): 25–44. Web.
AI Magazine
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BIB
@article{cohen2010applying, title = {Applying software engineering to agent development}, volume = {31}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRHip.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {AI Magazine}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2010}, pages = {25--44} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 31| issue = 2| pages = 25–44| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Applying software engineering to agent development| journal = AI Magazine| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Morgan, J. H., G. P. Morgan, and F. E. Ritter. “A Preliminary Model of Participation for Small Groups.” Computational and Mathematical Organization Science 16 (2010): 246–270. Web.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Science
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BIB
@article{morgan2010preliminary, title = {A preliminary model of participation for small groups}, volume = {16}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganMRip.pdf}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Science}, author = {Morgan, J. H. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010}, pages = {246--270} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 16| pages = 246–270| last1 = Morgan| first1 = J. H.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = A preliminary model of participation for small groups| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Science| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Morgan, J. H. et al. “A Preliminary Model of Participation.” Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 09-BRIMS-27. 09-BRIMS-27, 2009. 129–136. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{morgan2009preliminary, title = {A preliminary model of participation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganMRip.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {09-BRIMS-27. 09-BRIMS-27}, author = {Morgan, J. H. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Poncelin de Raucourt, V.}, year = {2009}, pages = {129--136} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 09-BRIMS-27. 09-BRIMS-27| pages = 129–136| last1 = Morgan| first1 = J. H.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Poncelin de Raucourt| first4 = V.| title = A preliminary model of participation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. R. Haynes. “Evaluating Design: A Formative Evaluation of Agent Development Environments Used for Teaching Rule-Based Programming.” The Proceedings of the Information Systems Education Conference 2009. Washington: v 26 ( DC): §1754. ISSN:v 26 (Washington DC): §1754. ISSN, 2009. 1542–7382. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{cohen2009evaluating, address = {Washington}, title = {Evaluating design: {A} formative evaluation of agent development environments used for teaching rule-based programming}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH09.pdf}, booktitle = {The {Proceedings} of the {Information} {Systems} {Education} {Conference} 2009}, publisher = {v 26 ( DC): §1754. ISSN:v 26 (Washington DC): §1754. ISSN}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2009}, pages = {1542--7382} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = v 26 ( DC): §1754. ISSN:v 26 (Washington DC): §1754. ISSN| pages = 1542–7382| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Evaluating design: A formative evaluation of agent development environments used for teaching rule-based programming| booktitle = The Proceedings of the Information Systems Education Conference 2009| location = Washington| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “High-Level Behavior Representation Languages and Moderators of Behavior.” The USMA Network Science Workshop (2008): 15–17. Web.
The USMA Network Science Workshop
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BIB
@article{ritter2008high-level, title = {High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter08b.pdf}, journal = {The USMA Network Science Workshop}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = oct, year = {2008}, pages = {15--17} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 15–17| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = High-level behavior representation languages and moderators of behavior| journal = The USMA Network Science Workshop| date = 2008-10}}
EndNote
Haynes, S. R. et al. “Rampart: A Service and Agent-Based Architecture for Anti-Terrorism Planning and Resource Allocation.” Proceedings of the First European Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics. Berlin: Springer, 2008. 260–270. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{haynes2008rampart:, address = {Berlin}, title = {Rampart: {A} service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesKCR08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {First} {European} {Conference} on {Intelligence} and {Security} {Informatics}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Haynes, S. R. and Kannampallil, T. G. and Cohen, M. A. and Soares, A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2008}, pages = {260--270} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| pages = 260–270| last1 = Haynes| first1 = S. R.| last2 = Kannampallil| first2 = T. G.| last3 = Cohen| first3 = M. A.| last4 = Soares| first4 = A.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Rampart: A service and agent-based architecture for anti-terrorism planning and resource allocation| booktitle = Proceedings of the First European Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics| location = Berlin| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and E. Norling. “Including Human Variability in a Cognitive Architecture to Improve Team Simulation.” Cognition and Multi-Agent Interaction: From Cognitive Modeling to Social Simulation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. 417–427. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2006including, address = {Cambridge}, title = {Including human variability in a cognitive architecture to improve team simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterN06.pdf}, booktitle = {Cognition and multi-agent interaction: {From} cognitive modeling to social simulation}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Norling, E.}, year = {2006}, pages = {417--427} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Cambridge University Press| pages = 417–427| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Norling| first2 = E.| title = Cognition and multi-agent interaction: From cognitive modeling to social simulation| chapter = Including human variability in a cognitive architecture to improve team simulation| location = Cambridge| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Daughtry, J. M., and F. E. Ritter. “Understanding the Behaviour of Agents and Cognitive Models: CaDaDis 2.” 119.4 (2005): n. pag. Web.
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BIB
@article{daughtry2005understanding, title = {Understanding the behaviour of agents and cognitive models: {CaDaDis} 2}, volume = {119}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/daughtryR05.pdf}, number = {4}, author = {Daughtry, J. M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 119| issue = 4| last1 = Daughtry| first1 = J. M.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Understanding the behaviour of agents and cognitive models: CaDaDis 2| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Morgan, G. P. et al. “dTank: An Environment for Architectural Comparisons of Competitive Agents.” Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Ed. L. Allender and T. Kelley. 05-BRIMS-043. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2005. 133–140. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{morgan2005dtank:, address = {05-BRIMS-043. Orlando, FL}, title = {{dTank}: {An} environment for architectural comparisons of competitive agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganRSSC05.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {U. of Central Florida}, author = {Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E. and Stevenson, W. E. and Schenck, I. N. and Cohen, M. A.}, editor = {Allender, L. and Kelley, T.}, year = {2005}, pages = {133--140} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = U. of Central Florida| pages = 133–140| editors = L. Allender, T. Kelley (eds.)| last1 = Morgan| first1 = G. P.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Stevenson| first3 = W. E.| last4 = Schenck| first4 = I. N.| last5 = Cohen| first5 = M. A.| title = Proceedings of the 14th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| chapter = dTank: An environment for architectural comparisons of competitive agents| location = 05-BRIMS-043. Orlando, FL| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. Measuring the Effect of Dental Work as a Stressor on Cognition. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2005. Web.
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BIB
@techreport{ritter2005measuring, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterCRK05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Ceballos, R. and Reifers, A. L. and Klein, L. C.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Ceballos| first2 = R.| last3 = Reifers| first3 = A. L.| last4 = Klein| first4 = L. C.| title = Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Haynes, S. R., I. G. Councill, and F. E. Ritter. “Responsibility-Driven Explanation Engineering for Cognitive Models.” In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems (2004): 46–52. Web.
In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems
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BIB
@article{haynes2004responsibility-driven, title = {Responsibility-driven explanation engineering for cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesCR04.pdf}, journal = {In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems}, author = {Haynes, S. R. and Councill, I. G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {46--52} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 46–52| last1 = Haynes| first1 = S. R.| last2 = Councill| first2 = I. G.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Responsibility-driven explanation engineering for cognitive models| journal = In AAAI Workshop on Intelligent Agent Architectures: Combining the Strengths of Software Engineering and Cognitive Systems| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Norling, E., and F. E. Ritter. “A Parameter Set to Support Psychologically Plausible Variability in Agent-Based Human Modelling.” The Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Systems (AAMAS04). New York, NY: ACM, 2004. 758–765. Web.
This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in , which will be available from the ACM web site
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BIB
@inproceedings{norling2004parameter, address = {New York, NY}, title = {A parameter set to support psychologically plausible variability in agent-based human modelling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/norlingR04.pdf}, booktitle = {The {Third} {International} {Joint} {Conference} on {Autonomous} {Agents} and {Multi} {Agent} {Systems} ({AAMAS}04)}, publisher = {ACM}, author = {Norling, E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, note = {This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of ACM for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in , which will be available from the ACM web site}, pages = {758--765} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM| pages = 758–765| last1 = Norling| first1 = E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = A parameter set to support psychologically plausible variability in agent-based human modelling| booktitle = The Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi Agent Systems (AAMAS04)| location = New York, NY| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Tor, K. et al. “CaDaDis: A Tool for Displaying the Behavior of Cognitive Models and Agents.” Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2004. 192–200. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{tor2004cadadis:, title = {{CaDaDis}: {A} tool for displaying the behavior of cognitive models and agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torRHC04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 13th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Tor, K. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A.}, year = {2004}, pages = {192--200} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida04-BRIMS-032.. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 192–200| last1 = Tor| first1 = K.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| title = CaDaDis: A tool for displaying the behavior of cognitive models and agents| booktitle = Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Comments on Grant and Roberts & Paschler.” Social Processes in Validation. notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop: part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, 2003. 129–130. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2003comments, address = {notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop}, title = {Comments on {Grant} and {Roberts} \& {Paschler}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter03c.pdf}, booktitle = {social processes in validation}, publisher = {part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {129--130} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation| pages = 129–130| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Comments on Grant and Roberts & Paschler| booktitle = social processes in validation| location = notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop as part of a Symposium on Model fitting and parameter estimation, notes included in the Proceedings of the ACT-R Workshop| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Norling, E., and F. E. Ritter. “Embodying the JACK Agent Architecture.” AI 2001: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Ed. M. Stumptner, D. Corbett, and M. Brooks. Proceedings of the 14th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.. Berlin: Springer, 2001. 368–377. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{norling2001embodying, address = {Proceedings of the 14th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.. Berlin}, title = {Embodying the {JACK} agent architecture}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/norlingR01.pdf}, booktitle = {{AI} 2001: {Advances} in {Artificial} {Intelligence}}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Norling, E. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Stumptner, M. and Corbett, D. and Brooks, M.}, year = {2001}, pages = {368--377} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| pages = 368–377| editors = M. Stumptner, D. Corbett, M. Brooks (eds.)| last1 = Norling| first1 = E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = AI 2001: Advances in Artificial Intelligence| chapter = Embodying the JACK agent architecture| location = Proceedings of the 14th Australian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence.. Berlin| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Jones, G., and F. E. Ritter. “Over-Estimating Cognition Time: The Benefits of Using a Task Simulation.” In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series (2000): 67–74. Web.
In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series
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BIB
@article{jones2000over-estimating, title = {Over-estimating cognition time: {The} benefits of using a task simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR00.pdf}, journal = {In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000}, pages = {67--74} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 67–74| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Over-estimating cognition time: The benefits of using a task simulation| journal = In: Simulating Human Agents, American Association for Artificial Intelligence Fall Symposium Series| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Xu, Kevin S. et al., eds. Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling.  9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016. Switzerland: Springer. Print. LNCS 9708.
LNCS
BIB
@book{xunodatesocial, address = {Switzerland}, series = {{LNCS}}, title = {Social, {Cultural}, and {Behavioral} {Modeling}. 9th {International} {Conference}, {SBP}-{BRiMS} 2016}, number = {9708}, publisher = {Springer}, editor = {Xu, Kevin S. and Reitter, David and Lee, Dongwon and Osgood, Nathaniel} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer| others = Kevin S. Xu, David Reitter, Dongwon Lee, Nathaniel Osgood (eds.)| title = Social, Cultural, and Behavioral Modeling. 9th International Conference, SBP-BRiMS 2016| location = Switzerland| series = LNCS}}
EndNote

Technical Reports

Kim, J. W., and F. E. Ritter. “Learning, Forgetting, and Relearning for Menu- and Keystroke-Driven Tasks: Relearning Is Important.” Human-Computer Interaction 30.1 (2015): 1–33. Web.
Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract
This paper investigates performance change arising through learning‚ forgetting‚ and relearning. Participants learned a spreadsheet task with either keystroke-driven (keyboard‚ n = 30) or mousebased menu-driven (mouse‚ n = 30) commands. Their performance confirmed the power law of practice. The keyboard users learned to complete the task faster than the mouse users on the last learning session (Day 4). At a 6-day retention interval‚ the mouse users were observed to forget more—they took more time to complete the task than the keyboard users. Interestingly‚ the participants in the two modality groups showed no significant differences in their forgetting under the retention of 12 and 18 days. With additional practice‚ the mouse group users with the 6-day retention relearned more—they significantly reduced the time to complete the task in comparison to the keyboard group. The experiment with these two modality groups helps understand why people may choose to use a mouse-driven graphical user interface (GUI) rather than a keystroke-driven interface—people choosing to use a mouse-based menu-driven interface may not need to use a knowledge-in-the-head strategy but knowledge-in-the-world‚ and may be doing so because this strategy provides better relearning‚ rather than because it is faster or easier initially or because it is better for learning or forgetting. This helps provide a richer explanation of why menu-driven interfaces (knowledge-in-the-world) are more ubiquitous‚ and suggests when they can be replaced‚ e.g.‚ where use is infrequent but often enough that forgetting does not occur. Our results provide preliminary suggestions for choosing optimal training strategies and supporting these strategies in terms of the three stages of learning and forgetting.
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BIB
@article{kim2015learning, title = {Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: {Relearning} is important}, volume = {30}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRip.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Human-Computer Interaction}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2015}, pages = {1--33} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 30| issue = 1| pages = 1–33| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Learning, forgetting, and relearning for menu- and keystroke-driven tasks: Relearning is important| journal = Human-Computer Interaction| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Yeh, K.-C., and F. E. Ritter. An Initial Evaluation of the D2P/MTT, a Computer-Based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) Theory Driven Moving Target Tutor. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2012. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{yeh2012initial, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {An initial evaluation of the {D}2P/{MTT}, a computer-based, {Declarative} to {Procedural} ({D}2P) theory driven moving target tutor}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/yehR12.pdf}, number = {ACS 2012-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Yeh, K.-C. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Yeh| first1 = K.-C.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = An initial evaluation of the D2P/MTT, a computer-based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) theory driven moving target tutor| location = University Park, PA| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Hobbs, J. Nicholas, Frank E. Ritter, and Jonathan H. Morgan. Combat Lifesaver (D2P/CLS): A Lifesaving Tutor for Battlefield Injuries. Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2012. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{hobbs2012combat, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {Combat {Lifesaver} ({D}2P/{CLS}): {A} lifesaving tutor for battlefield injuries}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/hobbsRM12.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2012-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Hobbs, J. Nicholas and Ritter, Frank E. and Morgan, Jonathan H.}, year = {2012}, pages = {1} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| pages = 1| last1 = Hobbs| first1 = J. Nicholas| last2 = Ritter| first2 = Frank E.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = Jonathan H.| title = Combat Lifesaver (D2P/CLS): A lifesaving tutor for battlefield injuries| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Shemanski, D. R. Stop the Terrorists! Team-Based Simulation of an International Terrorist Plot to Acquire and Use a Weapon of Mass Destruction. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2011. Web.
link
BIB
@techreport{shemanski2011stop, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Stop the terrorists! {Team}-based simulation of an international terrorist plot to acquire and use a weapon of mass destruction}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/}, number = {ACS 2011-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Shemanski, D. R.}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Shemanski| first = D. R.| title = Stop the terrorists! Team-based simulation of an international terrorist plot to acquire and use a weapon of mass destruction| location = University Park, PA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. The Moving Target Tutor (MTT) – Teaching the Declarative Knowledge to Shoot Moving Targets. Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2011. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2011moving, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {The {Moving} {Target} {Tutor} ({MTT}) – {Teaching} the declarative knowledge to shoot moving targets}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterMHK11.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2011-5}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Kim, J. W.}, year = {2011}, pages = {2} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| pages = 2| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = J. H.| last3 = Hiam| first3 = J. W.| last4 = Kim| first4 = J. W.| title = The Moving Target Tutor (MTT) – Teaching the declarative knowledge to shoot moving targets| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Hiam, J., C. Zhao, and F. E. Ritter. VIPER: A Text-Based Environment for Intelligent Agents. Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2011. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{hiam2011viper:, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {{VIPER}: {A} text-based environment for intelligent agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/hiamZR11.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2011-4}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Hiam, J. and Zhao, C. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {2} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| pages = 2| last1 = Hiam| first1 = J.| last2 = Zhao| first2 = C.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = VIPER: A text-based environment for intelligent agents| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Sanford, J., and F.E. Ritter. Minimally Invasive Surgery Simulator – Testing Motor Skill Acquisition. Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2011. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{sanford2011minimally, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {Minimally invasive surgery simulator – {Testing} motor skill acquisition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/sanfordR11.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2011-3}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Sanford, J. and Ritter, F.E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {1} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| pages = 1| last1 = Sanford| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F.E.| title = Minimally invasive surgery simulator – Testing motor skill acquisition| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. Some Useful Papers for Agent-Based Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2011. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2011useful, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Some useful papers for agent-based cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritter11.pdf}, number = {ACS 2011-3}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. et al.}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Ritter| first = F. E. et al.| title = Some useful papers for agent-based cognitive modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Lothian, J. M. High Performance Computing for Agent-Based Cognitive Modeling. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2011. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{lothian2011high, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/lothian11.pdf}, number = {ACS 2011-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Lothian, J. M.}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Lothian| first = J. M.| title = High performance computing for agent-based cognitive modeling| location = University Park, PA| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., J. W. Kim, and J. H. Morgan. Running Behavioral Experiments with Human Participants: A Practical Guide. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2009. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2009running, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Running behavioral experiments with human participants: {A} practical guide}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterKM09.pdf}, number = {ACS 2009-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H.}, year = {2009} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| title = Running behavioral experiments with human participants: A practical guide| location = University Park, PA| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. Some Frontiers of Cognitive Modeling: A Modest Research Agenda Exploring Emotions and Usability. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2008. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2008frontiers, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: {A} modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritter08c.pdf}, number = {ACS 2008-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Some frontiers of cognitive modeling: A modest research agenda exploring emotions and usability| location = University Park, PA| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Kim, J. W. Procedural Skills: From Learning to Forgetting. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2008. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{kim2008procedural, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Procedural skills: {From} learning to forgetting. {Unpublished} {Doctoral} {Dissertation}, {The} {Pennsylvania} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kim08.pdf}, number = {ACS 2008-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kim, J. W.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Kim| first = J. W.| title = Procedural skills: From learning to forgetting. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA| location = University Park, PA| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Kim, J. W., F. E. Ritter, and R. J. Koubek. User’s Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Keyboard Users. Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2006. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{kim2006users, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {User's {Guide} for the {Dismal} {Spreadsheet}: {Normalization} {Task}. {Study} {Booklet} for {Keyboard} {Users}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kimRK06-keyboard.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2006-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.}, year = {2006} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Koubek| first3 = R. J.| title = User's Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Keyboard Users| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Kim, J. W., F. E. Ritter, and R. J. Koubek. User’s Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Mouse Users. Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2006. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{kim2006users, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {User's {Guide} for the {Dismal} {Spreadsheet}: {Normalization} {Task}. {Study} {Booklet} for {Mouse} {Users}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kimRK06-mouse.pdf}, number = {ACS TN 2006-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.}, year = {2006} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Koubek| first3 = R. J.| title = User's Guide for the Dismal Spreadsheet: Normalization Task. Study Booklet for Mouse Users| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L., and M. J. Schoelles. Defining Testable Theories of Pre-Task Appraisal Stress. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2005. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter_f._e._reifers_defining_2005, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterRS05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E., Reifers, A. L. and Schoelles, M. J.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter, F. E., Reifers| first1 = A. L.| last2 = Schoelles| first2 = M. J.| title = Defining testable theories of pre-task appraisal stress| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. Measuring the Effect of Dental Work as a Stressor on Cognition. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2005. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2005measuring, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterCRK05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Ceballos, R. and Reifers, A. L. and Klein, L. C.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Ceballos| first2 = R.| last3 = Reifers| first3 = A. L.| last4 = Klein| first4 = L. C.| title = Measuring the effect of dental work as a stressor on cognition| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Kukreja, U. Towards Model-Based Evaluations of Human-Robot Interfaces. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2005. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{kukreja2005towards, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/kukreja05.pdf}, number = {ACS 2005-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Kukreja, U.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Kukreja| first = U.| title = Towards model-based evaluations of human-robot interfaces| location = University Park, PA| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Councill, I. G., G. P. Morgan, and F. E. Ritter. dTank: A Competitive Environment for Distributed Agents. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2004. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{councill2004dtank:, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {{dTank}: {A} competitive environment for distributed agents}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/councillMR04.pdf}, number = {ACS 2004-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Councill, I. G. and Morgan, G. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Councill| first1 = I. G.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = G. P.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = dTank: A competitive environment for distributed agents| location = University Park, PA| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., and F. E. Ritter. Herbal Tutorial. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2004. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{cohen2004herbal, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Herbal {Tutorial}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/cohenR04.pdf}, number = {ACS 2004-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Herbal Tutorial| location = University Park, PA| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Freed, A. R. The Effects of Interface Design on Telephone Dialing Performance. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2003. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{freed2003effects, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {The effects of interface design on telephone dialing performance}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/freed03.pdf}, number = {ACS 2003-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Freed, A. R.}, year = {2003} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Freed| first = A. R.| title = The effects of interface design on telephone dialing performance| location = University Park, PA| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Sherry, R. R., and F. E. Ritter. Dynamic Task Allocation: Issues for Implementing Adaptive Intelligent Automation. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2002. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{sherry2002dynamic, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Dynamic task allocation: {Issues} for implementing adaptive intelligent automation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/sherryR02.pdf}, number = {ACS 2002-2}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Sherry, R. R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2002} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Sherry| first1 = R. R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Dynamic task allocation: Issues for implementing adaptive intelligent automation| location = University Park, PA| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and A. B. Wood. Dismal: A Spreadsheet for Sequential Data Analysis and HCI Experimentation. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2002. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2002dismal:, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Dismal: {A} spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and {HCI} experimentation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterW02.pdf}, number = {ACS 2002-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. B.}, year = {2002} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wood| first2 = A. B.| title = Dismal: A spreadsheet for sequential data analysis and HCI experimentation| location = University Park, PA| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., A. R. Freed, and O. L. Haskett. Discovering User Information Needs: The Case of University Department Websites. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2002. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2002discovering, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Discovering user information needs: {The} case of university department websites}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterFH02.pdf}, number = {ACS 2002-3}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Freed, A. R. and Haskett, O. L.}, year = {2002} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Freed| first2 = A. R.| last3 = Haskett| first3 = O. L.| title = Discovering user information needs: The case of university department websites| location = University Park, PA| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Avraamides, M. N. A Brief Manual for Running a JSAF Demo and Examining the Situation Awareness Panel. Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2001. Print.
available upon request
BIB
@techreport{avraamides2001brief, type = {unpublished {ACS} {Tech}. {Note}}, title = {A brief manual for running a {JSAF} {Demo} and examining the {Situation} {Awareness} {Panel}}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Avraamides, M. N.}, year = {2001}, note = {available upon request} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last = Avraamides| first = M. N.| title = A brief manual for running a JSAF Demo and examining the Situation Awareness Panel| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and M. Avraamides. Improving Interfaces for CGFs through Multidisciplinary Evaluations: A New, Broad Approach. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2001. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2001improving, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Improving interfaces for {CGFs} through multidisciplinary evaluations: {A} new, broad approach}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterA01.pdf}, number = {ACS 2001-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M.}, year = {2001} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M.| title = Improving interfaces for CGFs through multidisciplinary evaluations: A new, broad approach| location = University Park, PA| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and M. N. Avraamides. Steps towards Including Behavioural Moderators in Human Performance Models in Synthetic Environments. University Park, PA: Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State, 2000. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter2000steps, address = {University Park, PA}, type = {Tech {Report}}, title = {Steps towards including behavioural moderators in human performance models in synthetic environments}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/reports/ritterA00.pdf}, number = {ACS 2000-1}, institution = {Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Avraamides, M. N.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Applied Cognitive Science Lab, College of Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Avraamides| first2 = M. N.| title = Steps towards including behavioural moderators in human performance models in synthetic environments| location = University Park, PA| date = 2000}}
EndNote

Miscellaneous

Zhao, C. et al. “Building Social Networks out of Cognitive Blocks: Factors of Interest in Agent-Based Socio-Cognitive Simulations.” Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 21.2 (2015): 115–149. Web.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
Abstract
This paper examines how cognitive and environmental factors influence the formation of dyadic ties. We use agent models instantiated in ACT-R that interact in a social simulation‚ to illustrate the effect of memory constraints on networks. We also show that environmental factors are important including popu- lation size‚ running time‚ and map configuration. To examine these relationships‚ we ran simulations of networks using a factorial design. Our analyses suggest three interesting conclusions: first‚ the tie formation of these networks approximates a logistic growth model; second‚ that agent memory quality (i.e.‚ perfect or human- like) strongly alters the network’s density and structure; third‚ that the three environmental factors all influence both network density and some aspects of net- work structure. These findings suggest that meaningful variance of social network analysis measures occur in a narrow band of memory strength (the cognitive band); the threshold for defining tie criteria is important; and future simulations examining generative social networks should control and carefully report these environmental and cognitive factors.
PDF
BIB
@article{zhao2015building, title = {Building social networks out of cognitive blocks: {Factors} of interest in agent-based socio-cognitive simulations}, volume = {21}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoKMHRSM15.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Zhao, C. and Kaulakis, R. and Morgan, J. H. and Hiam, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Sanford, J. and Morgan, G. P.}, year = {2015}, pages = {115--149} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 21| issue = 2| pages = 115–149| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Kaulakis| first2 = R.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Hiam| first4 = J. W.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| last6 = Sanford| first6 = J.| last7 = Morgan| first7 = G. P.| title = Building social networks out of cognitive blocks: Factors of interest in agent-based socio-cognitive simulations| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2015}}
EndNote
Haughton, Noela, John Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin), Nworie, and Liz Romero. “Digital Disturbances, Disorders, and Pathologies: A Discussion of Some Unintended Consequences of Technology in Higher Education.” Educational Technology 53.4 (2013): 3–16. Print.
Educational Technology
BIB
@article{haughton2013digital, title = {Digital disturbances, disorders, and pathologies: {A} discussion of some unintended consequences of technology in higher education.}, volume = {53}, number = {4}, journal = {Educational Technology}, author = {Haughton, Noela and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin), Nworie, John and Romero, Liz}, year = {2013}, pages = {3--16} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 53| issue = 4| pages = 3–16| last1 = Haughton| first1 = Noela| last2 = Yeh, Kuo-Chuan (Martin), Nworie| first2 = John| last3 = Romero| first3 = Liz| title = Digital disturbances, disorders, and pathologies: A discussion of some unintended consequences of technology in higher education.| journal = Educational Technology| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Kim, J. W., F. E. Ritter, and R. J. Koubek. “An Integrated Theory for Improved Skill Acquisition and Retention in the Three Stages of Learning.” Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science 14.1 (2013): 22–37. Web.
Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science
PDF
BIB
@article{kim2013integrated, title = {An integrated theory for improved skill acquisition and retention in the three stages of learning}, volume = {14}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimRK13.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Koubek, R. J.}, year = {2013}, pages = {22--37} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 14| issue = 1| pages = 22–37| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Koubek| first3 = R. J.| title = An integrated theory for improved skill acquisition and retention in the three stages of learning| journal = Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Morgan, J. H. et al. “A Design, Tests, and Considerations for Improving Keystroke and Mouse Loggers.” Interacting with Computers 25.3 (2013): 242–258. Web.
Interacting with Computers
PDF
BIB
@article{morgan2013design, title = {A design, tests, and considerations for improving keystroke and mouse loggers}, volume = {25}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganCPRip.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Interacting with Computers}, author = {Morgan, J. H. and Cheng, C.-Y. and Pike, C. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2013}, pages = {242--258} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 25| issue = 3| pages = 242–258| last1 = Morgan| first1 = J. H.| last2 = Cheng| first2 = C.-Y.| last3 = Pike| first3 = C.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = A design, tests, and considerations for improving keystroke and mouse loggers| journal = Interacting with Computers| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. Running Behavioral Studies with Human Participants: A Practical Guide. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2013. Web.
link
BIB
@book{ritter2013running, address = {Thousand Oaks, CA}, title = {Running behavioral studies with human participants: {A} practical guide}, url = {http://www.sagepub.com/books/Book237263}, publisher = {Sage}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kim, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Carlson, R. A.}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Sage| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kim| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Carlson| first4 = R. A.| title = Running behavioral studies with human participants: A practical guide| location = Thousand Oaks, CA| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Learning and Retention.” Ed. John D. Lee and Alex Kirlik. The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering . New York, NY: Oxford, 2013. 125–142. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2013learning, address = {The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering . New York, NY}, title = {Learning and retention}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBKSip.pdf}, publisher = {Oxford}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. and Kim, J. W. and Srinivasmurthy, S.}, editor = {Lee, John D. and Kirlik, Alex}, year = {2013}, pages = {125--142} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford| pages = 125–142| editors = John D. Lee, Alex Kirlik (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G.| last3 = Kim| first3 = J. W.| last4 = Srinivasmurthy| first4 = S.| chapter = Learning and retention| location = The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Engineering . New York, NY| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Tseng, J.-T. “The Effect of Heterogeneous Agents in Socio-Cognitive Networks.” Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA. N.p., 2013. Web.
PDF
BIB
@phdthesis{tseng_j.-t._effect_2013, type = {Unpublished {MS} thesis, {Computer} {Science} and {Engineering}, {Penn} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}}, title = {The effect of heterogeneous agents in socio-cognitive networks}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/tseng13.pdf}, author = {{Tseng, J.-T.}}, year = {2013} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last = Tseng, J.-T.| title = The effect of heterogeneous agents in socio-cognitive networks| date = 2013}}
EndNote
Georgeon, O. L., and F. E. Ritter. “An Intrinsically-Motivated Schema Mechanism to Model and Simulate Emergent Cognition.” Cognitive Systems Research (2012): 73–92. Web.
Cognitive Systems Research
PDF
BIB
@article{georgeon2012intrinsically-motivated, title = {An intrinsically-motivated schema mechanism to model and simulate emergent cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonRip.pdf}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Ritter, F. E.}, month = jun, year = {2012}, pages = {73--92} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 73–92| last1 = Georgeon| first1 = O. L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = An intrinsically-motivated schema mechanism to model and simulate emergent cognition| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2012-06}}
EndNote
Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin, and Frank E Ritter. “Evaluating a Computer-Based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) Theory Driven Training Tutor.” (2012): n. pag. Print.
BIB
@article{yeh2012evaluating, title = {Evaluating a {Computer}-{Based}, {Declarative} to {Procedural} ({D}2P) {Theory} {Driven} {Training} {Tutor}}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin and Ritter, Frank E}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last1 = Yeh| first1 = Kuo-Chuan Martin| last2 = Ritter| first2 = Frank E| title = Evaluating a Computer-Based, Declarative to Procedural (D2P) Theory Driven Training Tutor| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Hsieh, Pei-Hsuan, and Martin K.-C. Yeh. “Cultural Effects on Perceptions of Unauthorized Software Copying.” Journal of Computer Information Systems 53.1 (2012): 42. Print.
Journal of Computer Information Systems
BIB
@article{hsieh2012cultural, title = {Cultural effects on perceptions of unauthorized software copying}, volume = {53}, number = {1}, journal = {Journal of Computer Information Systems}, author = {Hsieh, Pei-Hsuan and Yeh, Martin K.-C.}, year = {2012}, pages = {42} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 53| issue = 1| pages = 42| last1 = Hsieh| first1 = Pei-Hsuan| last2 = Yeh| first2 = Martin K.-C.| title = Cultural effects on perceptions of unauthorized software copying| journal = Journal of Computer Information Systems| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Georgeon, O. et al. “Supporting Activity Modelling from Activity Traces.” Expert Systems 29.3 (2012): 261–275. Web.
Expert Systems
PDF
BIB
@article{georgeon2012supporting, title = {Supporting activity modelling from activity traces}, volume = {29}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonMBMR12.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Expert Systems}, author = {Georgeon, O. and Mille, A. and Bellet, T. and Mathern, B. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012}, pages = {261--275} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 29| issue = 3| pages = 261–275| last1 = Georgeon| first1 = O.| last2 = Mille| first2 = A.| last3 = Bellet| first3 = T.| last4 = Mathern| first4 = B.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Supporting activity modelling from activity traces| journal = Expert Systems| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Kase, S. E., and F. E. Ritter. “Light Models of Civilian Support in Blue-Red Operations.” In ICCRTS 2012.17 (2012): n. pag. Web.
In ICCRTS
In ICCRTS
PDF
BIB
@article{kase2012light, title = {Light models of civilian support in blue-red operations}, volume = {2012}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseR12.pdf}, number = {17}, journal = {In ICCRTS}, author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 2012| issue = 17| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Light models of civilian support in blue-red operations| journal = In ICCRTS| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. R. Haynes. “Discovering and Analyzing Usability Dimensions of Concern.” ACM Transactions on CHI 19.2 (2012): n. pag. Web.
ACM Transactions on CHI
PDF
BIB
@article{cohen2012discovering, title = {Discovering and analyzing usability dimensions of concern}, volume = {19}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH12.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {ACM Transactions on CHI}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 19| issue = 2| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| title = Discovering and analyzing usability dimensions of concern| journal = ACM Transactions on CHI| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Christou, G., F. E. Ritter, and R. J. K. Jacob. “CODEIN - A New Notation for GOMS to Handle Evaluations of Reality-Based Interaction Style Interfaces.” International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 28.3 (2012): 189–201. Web.
International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction
PDF
BIB
@article{christou2012codein, title = {{CODEIN} - {A} new notation for {GOMS} to handle evaluations of reality-based interaction style interfaces}, volume = {28}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJip.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction}, author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.}, year = {2012}, pages = {189--201} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 28| issue = 3| pages = 189–201| last1 = Christou| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Jacob| first3 = R. J. K.| title = CODEIN - A new notation for GOMS to handle evaluations of reality-based interaction style interfaces| journal = International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Kaulakis, R. et al. “Defining Factors of Interest for Large-Scale Socio-Cognitive Simulations.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin, 2012. 117–122. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{kaulakis2012defining, address = {Berlin}, title = {Defining factors of interest for large-scale socio-cognitive simulations}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaulakisZMHSR12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2012- {Eleventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Kaulakis, R. and Zhao, C. and Morgan, J. H. Hiam and W, J. and Sanford, J. P. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012}, pages = {117--122} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin| pages = 117–122| last1 = Kaulakis| first1 = R.| last2 = Zhao| first2 = C.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H. Hiam| last4 = W| first4 = J.| last5 = Sanford| first5 = J. P.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| title = Defining factors of interest for large-scale socio-cognitive simulations| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Berlin| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Hobbs, J. N., F. E. Ritter, and J. H. Morgan. “D2P/CLS: A Tutor for Combat Lifesavers.” Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Amelia Island, FL: BRIMS Society, 2012. 226–227. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{hobbs2012d2p/cls:, address = {Amelia Island, FL}, title = {D2P/{CLS}: {A} {Tutor} for {Combat} {Lifesavers}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/hobbsRM12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {BRIMS Society}, author = {Hobbs, J. N. and Ritter, F. E. and Morgan, J. H.}, year = {2012}, pages = {226--227} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BRIMS Society| pages = 226–227| last1 = Hobbs| first1 = J. N.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| title = D2P/CLS: A Tutor for Combat Lifesavers| booktitle = Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| location = Amelia Island, FL| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Kennedy, W. G. et al. “Cognitive Modeling of Processes ‘Beyond Rational.’” Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin, 2012. 55–58. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{kennedy2012cognitive, address = {Berlin}, title = {Cognitive {Modeling} of {Processes} “{Beyond} {Rational}”}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRLJOGY12.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2012- {Eleventh} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin}, author = {Kennedy, W. G. and Ritter, F. E. and Lebiere, C. and Juvina, I. and Oltramari, A. and Gratch, J. and Young, R. M.}, year = {2012}, pages = {55--58} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin. Berlin: Universitaetsverlag der TU Berlin| pages = 55–58| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = W. G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Lebiere| first3 = C.| last4 = Juvina| first4 = I.| last5 = Oltramari| first5 = A.| last6 = Gratch| first6 = J.| last7 = Young| first7 = R. M.| title = Cognitive Modeling of Processes “Beyond Rational”| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2012- Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = Berlin| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. Using Behavior Representation Models in Risk-Driven Design. Plenary talk. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference, 2012. Web.
Abstract
Invited talk‚ plenary
link
BIB
@book{ritter2012using, title = {Using behavior representation models in risk-driven design}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter12}, publisher = {Plenary talk. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2012} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Plenary talk. Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation Conference| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Using behavior representation models in risk-driven design| date = 2012}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Diversions and Resources.” Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground 5.2011 (2011): n. pag. Web.
Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2011diversions, title = {Diversions and {Resources}}, volume = {5}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter11b.pdf}, number = {2011}, journal = {Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = dec, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 5| issue = 2011| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Diversions and Resources| journal = Tri-service Cognitive Modeling Challenge Project meeting, keynote presentation, Aberdeen Proving Ground| date = 2011-12}}
EndNote
Kennedy, G. W., F. E. Ritter, and B. J. Best. “Behavioral Representation in Modeling and Simulation Introduction to CMOT Special Issue - BRiMS 2010.” Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory 17 (2011): 225–228. Web.
Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory
PDF
BIB
@article{kennedy2011behavioral, title = {Behavioral representation in modeling and simulation introduction to {CMOT} special issue - {BRiMS} 2010}, volume = {17}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRB11.pdf}, journal = {Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory}, author = {Kennedy, G. W. and Ritter, F. E. and Best, B. J.}, year = {2011}, pages = {225--228} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 17| pages = 225–228| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = G. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Best| first3 = B. J.| title = Behavioral representation in modeling and simulation introduction to CMOT special issue - BRiMS 2010| journal = Computational Mathematical and Organizational Theory| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Yeh, Kuo-Chuan, Ying Xie, and Fengfeng Ke. “Teaching Computational Thinking to Non-Computing Majors Using Spreadsheet Functions.” Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011. N.p., 2011. F3J–1. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{yeh2011teaching, title = {Teaching computational thinking to non-computing majors using spreadsheet functions}, booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference} ({FIE}), 2011}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan and Xie, Ying and Ke, Fengfeng}, year = {2011}, pages = {F3J--1} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = –3J–1| last1 = Yeh| first1 = Kuo-Chuan| last2 = Xie| first2 = Ying| last3 = Ke| first3 = Fengfeng| title = Teaching computational thinking to non-computing majors using spreadsheet functions| booktitle = Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2011| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Zhao, C. et al. “A Multi-Strategy Spatial Navigation Model in a Text-Based Environment.” Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 11-BRIMS-036. 11-BRIMS-036, 2011. 251–258. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{zhao2011multi-strategy, title = {A multi-strategy spatial navigation model in a text-based environment}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/zhaoHMR11.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {11-BRIMS-036. 11-BRIMS-036}, author = {Zhao, C. and Hiam, J. W. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {251--258} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 11-BRIMS-036. 11-BRIMS-036| pages = 251–258| last1 = Zhao| first1 = C.| last2 = Hiam| first2 = J. W.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = A multi-strategy spatial navigation model in a text-based environment| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Morita, J. et al. “Modeling Human-Automation Interaction in a Unified Cognitive Architecture.” Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 11-BRIMS-022. 11-BRIMS-022, 2011. 146–153. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{morita2011modeling, title = {Modeling human-automation interaction in a unified cognitive architecture}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/moritaMMTKR11.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {11-BRIMS-022. 11-BRIMS-022}, author = {Morita, J. and Miwa, K. and Maehigasi, A. and Terai, H. and Kojima, K. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2011}, pages = {146--153} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 11-BRIMS-022. 11-BRIMS-022| pages = 146–153| last1 = Morita| first1 = J.| last2 = Miwa| first2 = K.| last3 = Maehigasi| first3 = A.| last4 = Terai| first4 = H.| last5 = Kojima| first5 = K.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| title = Modeling human-automation interaction in a unified cognitive architecture| booktitle = Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Fang, Q. et al. “Analyzing Intelligence on WMD Attacks Using Threaded Event-Based Simulation.” Critical Infrastructure Protection V: 5th IFIP WG 11. 10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. : Heidelberg, Germany10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 2011. 23–25. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{fang2011analyzing, address = {10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. : Heidelberg, Germany10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany}, title = {Analyzing intelligence on {WMD} attacks using threaded event-based simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/fangLYMSRip.pdf}, booktitle = {Critical {Infrastructure} {Protection} {V}: 5th {IFIP} {WG} 11}, publisher = {Springer}, author = {Fang, Q. and Liu, P. and Yen, J. and H., M. J. and Shemanski, D. R. and Ritter, F.}, year = {2011}, pages = {23--25} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Springer| pages = 23–25| last1 = Fang| first1 = Q.| last2 = Liu| first2 = P.| last3 = Yen| first3 = J.| last4 = H.| first4 = M. J.| last5 = Shemanski| first5 = D. R.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F.| title = Analyzing intelligence on WMD attacks using threaded event-based simulation| booktitle = Critical Infrastructure Protection V: 5th IFIP WG 11| location = 10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. : Heidelberg, Germany10 International Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection, ICCIP 2011 Hanover, NH, USA, March, 2011 Revised Selected Papers, 201-216. Springer: Heidelberg, Germany| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Park, S-H. et al. “Modeling Surgical Skill Learning with Cognitive Simulation.” Medicine Meets Virtual Reality 18. Ed. J. D. Westwood et al. IOS Press, 2011. 428–432. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{park2011modeling, title = {Modeling surgical skill learning with cognitive simulation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/parkSCPROS11.pdf}, booktitle = {Medicine meets virtual reality 18}, publisher = {IOS Press}, author = {Park, S-H. and Suh, I. H. and Chien, J-H. and Paik, J-H. and Ritter, F. E. and Oleynikov, D. and Siu, K-C.}, editor = {al, J. D. Westwood et}, year = {2011}, pages = {428--432} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = IOS Press| pages = 428–432| editors = J. D. Westwood et al (ed.)| last1 = Park| first1 = S-H.| last2 = Suh| first2 = I. H.| last3 = Chien| first3 = J-H.| last4 = Paik| first4 = J-H.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| last6 = Oleynikov| first6 = D.| last7 = Siu| first7 = K-C.| title = Medicine meets virtual reality 18| chapter = Modeling surgical skill learning with cognitive simulation| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Determining the Number of Model Runs: Treating Cognitive Models as Theories by Not Sampling Their Behavior.” Human-in-the-Loop Simulations: Methods and Practice. Ed. S. Narayanan and L. Rothrock. London: Springer-Verlag, 2011. 97–116. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2011determining, address = {London}, title = {Determining the number of model runs: {Treating} cognitive models as theories by not sampling their behavior}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSQKip.pdf}, booktitle = {Human-in-the-loop simulations: {Methods} and practice}, publisher = {Springer-Verlag}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M. J. and Quigley, K. S. and Klein, L. C.}, editor = {Narayanan, S. and Rothrock, L.}, year = {2011}, pages = {97--116} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Springer-Verlag| pages = 97–116| editors = S. Narayanan, L. Rothrock (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Schoelles| first2 = M. J.| last3 = Quigley| first3 = K. S.| last4 = Klein| first4 = L. C.| title = Human-in-the-loop simulations: Methods and practice| chapter = Determining the number of model runs: Treating cognitive models as theories by not sampling their behavior| location = London| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Orendovici, R. “Social Network Analysis and Simulation of the Development of Advisarial Networks.” Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA, 2011. Web.
PDF
BIB
@phdthesis{orendovici_r._social_2011, title = {Social network analysis and simulation of the development of advisarial networks}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/orendovici11.pdf}, school = {Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA}, author = {{Orendovici, R.}}, year = {2011} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| publisher = Unpublished MS thesis, Computer Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA| last = Orendovici, R.| title = Social network analysis and simulation of the development of advisarial networks| date = 2011}}
EndNote
Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin, Jonah P Gregory, and Frank E Ritter. “One Laptop per Child: Polishing up the XO Laptop User Experience.” Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 18.3 (2010): 8–13. Web.
Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications
PDF
BIB
@article{yeh2010one, title = {One {Laptop} per {Child}: {Polishing} up the {XO} {Laptop} user experience}, volume = {18}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/yehGR10.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications}, author = {Yeh, Kuo-Chuan Martin and Gregory, Jonah P and Ritter, Frank E}, year = {2010}, pages = {8--13} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 18| issue = 3| pages = 8–13| last1 = Yeh| first1 = Kuo-Chuan Martin| last2 = Gregory| first2 = Jonah P| last3 = Ritter| first3 = Frank E| title = One Laptop per Child: Polishing up the XO Laptop user experience| journal = Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Baumann, M. R. K., J. F. Krems, and F. E. Ritter. “Learning from Examples Does Not Prevent Order Effects in Belief Revision.” Thinking & Reasoning 16.2 (2010): 98–130. Web.
Thinking & Reasoning
PDF
BIB
@article{baumann2010learning, title = {Learning from examples does not prevent order effects in belief revision}, volume = {16}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baumannKRip.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Thinking \& Reasoning}, author = {Baumann, M. R. K. and Krems, J. F. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010}, pages = {98--130} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 16| issue = 2| pages = 98–130| last1 = Baumann| first1 = M. R. K.| last2 = Krems| first2 = J. F.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Learning from examples does not prevent order effects in belief revision| journal = Thinking & Reasoning| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Kennedy, W. G., F. E. Ritter, and B. J. Best. “Behavioral Representation in Modeling and Simulation Introduction to CMOT Special Issue - BRiMS 2009.” Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory 16.3 (2010): 217–219. Web.
Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory
PDF
BIB
@article{kennedy2010behavioral, title = {Behavioral {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation} {Introduction} to {CMOT} {Special} {Issue} - {BRiMS} 2009}, volume = {16}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kennedyRBip.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory}, author = {Kennedy, W. G. and Ritter, F. E. and Best, B. J.}, year = {2010}, pages = {217--219} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 16| issue = 3| pages = 217–219| last1 = Kennedy| first1 = W. G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Best| first3 = B. J.| title = Behavioral Representation in Modeling and Simulation Introduction to CMOT Special Issue - BRiMS 2009| journal = Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Velazquez, M. A., and F. E. Frank E. Ritter. “External Factors Affecting Perceived Usability: A Closer Look at the Effect of Emotion prior to Interaction.” The 7th International Conference on Design & Emotion. Chicago: IIT Institute of Design: , IL. IIT Institute of Design: Chicago, IL, 2010. Web.
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@inproceedings{velazquez2010external, address = {Chicago}, title = {External factors affecting perceived usability: {A} closer look at the effect of emotion prior to interaction}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/velaquezR10.pdf}, booktitle = {the 7th {International} {Conference} on {Design} \& {Emotion}}, publisher = {IIT Institute of Design: , IL. IIT Institute of Design: Chicago, IL}, author = {Velazquez, M. A. and Frank E. Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2010} }
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{{Cite conference| publisher = IIT Institute of Design: , IL. IIT Institute of Design: Chicago, IL| last1 = Velazquez| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Frank E. Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = External factors affecting perceived usability: A closer look at the effect of emotion prior to interaction| booktitle = the 7th International Conference on Design & Emotion| location = Chicago| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Lebiere, Christian et al. “High-Fidelity Cognitive Modeling to Real-World Applications.” Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application. Amsterdam, NL: N.p., 2010. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{lebiere2010high-fidelity, address = {Amsterdam, NL}, title = {High-{Fidelity} {Cognitive} {Modeling} to {Real}-{World} {Applications}}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {NATO} {Workshop} on {Human} {Modeling} for {Military} {Application}}, author = {Lebiere, Christian and Stocco, Andrea and Reitter, David and Juvina, Ion}, year = {2010} }
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{{Cite conference| last1 = Lebiere| first1 = Christian| last2 = Stocco| first2 = Andrea| last3 = Reitter| first3 = David| last4 = Juvina| first4 = Ion| title = High-Fidelity Cognitive Modeling to Real-World Applications| booktitle = Proceedings of the NATO Workshop on Human Modeling for Military Application| location = Amsterdam, NL| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Georgeon, O. L., J. H. Morgan, and F. E. Ritter. “An Algorithm for Self-Motivated Hierarchical Sequence Learning.” Ed. D. D. Salvucci and G. Gunzelmann. Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling, 2010. 73–78. Web.
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@incollection{georgeon2010algorithm, title = {An algorithm for self-motivated hierarchical sequence learning}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/georgeonMR10.pdf}, publisher = {Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling}, author = {Georgeon, O. L. and Morgan, J. H. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Salvucci, D. D. and Gunzelmann, G.}, year = {2010}, pages = {73--78} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Proceedings of ICCM - 2010- Tenth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| pages = 73–78| editors = D. D. Salvucci, G. Gunzelmann (eds.)| last1 = Georgeon| first1 = O. L.| last2 = Morgan| first2 = J. H.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| chapter = An algorithm for self-motivated hierarchical sequence learning| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Stark, R. F. “Aiding the User Input to Virtual Training Environments: Virtual Role Players with Speech and Gesture Recognition.” Unpublished MS thesis, Information Sciences and Technology, Penn State University, University Park, PA. N.p., 2010. Web.
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@phdthesis{stark_r._f._aiding_2010, type = {Unpublished {MS} thesis, {Information} {Sciences} and {Technology}, {Penn} {State} {University}, {University} {Park}, {PA}}, title = {Aiding the user input to virtual training environments: {Virtual} role players with speech and gesture recognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stark10.pdf}, author = {{Stark, R. F.}}, year = {2010} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last = Stark, R. F.| title = Aiding the user input to virtual training environments: Virtual role players with speech and gesture recognition| date = 2010}}
EndNote
Haynes, S. R., M. A. Cohen, and F. E. Ritter. “Design Patterns for Explaining Intelligent Systems.” International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 67.1 (2009): 99–110. Web.
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
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@article{haynes2009design, title = {Design patterns for explaining intelligent systems}, volume = {67}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/haynesCR09.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies}, author = {Haynes, S. R. and Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {99--110} }
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{{Cite journal| volume = 67| issue = 1| pages = 99–110| last1 = Haynes| first1 = S. R.| last2 = Cohen| first2 = M. A.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Design patterns for explaining intelligent systems| journal = International Journal of Human-Computer Studies| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Two Cognitive Modeling Frontiers: Emotions and Usability.” Journal of Japanese AI Research 24.2 (2009): 241–249. Web.
Journal of Japanese AI Research
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@article{ritter2009two, title = {Two cognitive modeling frontiers: {Emotions} and usability}, volume = {24}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09b.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Journal of Japanese AI Research}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {241--249} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 24| issue = 2| pages = 241–249| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Two cognitive modeling frontiers: Emotions and usability| journal = Journal of Japanese AI Research| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Kase, S. E., F. E. Ritter, and M. Schoelles. “Serial Subtraction Errors Revealed.” Proceedings of the 31th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX, 2009. 1551–1556. Web.
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@inproceedings{kase2009serial, title = {Serial subtraction errors revealed}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS09b.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 31th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX}, author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2009}, pages = {1551--1556} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX| pages = 1551–1556| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Schoelles| first3 = M.| title = Serial subtraction errors revealed| booktitle = Proceedings of the 31th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Evertsz, R. et al. “Populating VBS2 with Realistic Virtual Actors.” Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 09-BRIMS-04. 09-BRIMS-04, 2009. 1–8. Web.
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@inproceedings{evertsz2009populating, title = {Populating {VBS}2 with realistic virtual actors}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszPBAR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {09-BRIMS-04. 09-BRIMS-04}, author = {Evertsz, R. and Pedrotti, M. and Busetta, P. and Acar, H. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {1--8} }
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{{Cite conference| publisher = 09-BRIMS-04. 09-BRIMS-04| pages = 1–8| last1 = Evertsz| first1 = R.| last2 = Pedrotti| first2 = M.| last3 = Busetta| first3 = P.| last4 = Acar| first4 = H.| last5 = Ritter| first5 = F. E.| title = Populating VBS2 with realistic virtual actors| booktitle = Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Tutorial on: Human-System Integration in the System Development Process: A New Look.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. EnglandManchester, England: Manchester, 2009. Web.
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@inproceedings{ritter2009tutorial, address = {EnglandManchester, England}, title = {Tutorial on: {Human}-system integration in the system development process: {A} new look}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09d.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2009- {Ninth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Tutorial on: Human-system integration in the system development process: A new look| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2009- Ninth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| location = EnglandManchester, England| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Kase, S., and F. E. Ritter. “A High Performance Approach to Model Calibration and Validation.” Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. 09-BRIMS-10. 09-BRIMS-10, 2009. 39–46. Web.
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@inproceedings{kase2009high, title = {A high performance approach to model calibration and validation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseR09.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 18th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {09-BRIMS-10. 09-BRIMS-10}, author = {Kase, S. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2009}, pages = {39--46} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 09-BRIMS-10. 09-BRIMS-10| pages = 39–46| last1 = Kase| first1 = S.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = A high performance approach to model calibration and validation| booktitle = Proceedings of the 18th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2009}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and P. A. Bibby. “Modeling How, When, and What Learning Happens in a Diagrammatic Reasoning Task.” Cognitive Science 32 (2008): 862–892. Web.
Cognitive Science
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@article{ritter2008modeling, title = {Modeling how, when, and what learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task}, volume = {32}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBip.pdf}, journal = {Cognitive Science}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.}, year = {2008}, pages = {862--892} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 32| pages = 862–892| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bibby| first2 = P. A.| title = Modeling how, when, and what learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task| journal = Cognitive Science| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Kase, S., F. E. Ritter, and M. Scholles. “From Modeler-Free Individual Data Fitting to 3-D Parametric Prediction Landscapes: A Research Expedition.” Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX, 2008. 1398–1403. Web.
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@inproceedings{kase2008modeler-free, title = {From modeler-free individual data fitting to 3-{D} parametric prediction landscapes: {A} research expedition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX}, author = {Kase, S. and Ritter, F. E. and Scholles, M.}, year = {2008}, pages = {1398--1403} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX. Cognitive Science Society: Austin, TX| pages = 1398–1403| last1 = Kase| first1 = S.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Scholles| first3 = M.| title = From modeler-free individual data fitting to 3-D parametric prediction landscapes: A research expedition| booktitle = Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Evertsz, R. et al. “Realistic Behaviour Variation in a BDI-Based Cognitive Architecture.” Proceedings of the SimTecT ’08 Conference. SIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, AustraliaSIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia, 2008. Web.
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@inproceedings{evertsz2008realistic, title = {Realistic behaviour variation in a {BDI}-based cognitive architecture}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszRBP08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {SimTecT} '08 {Conference}}, publisher = {SIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, AustraliaSIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia}, author = {Evertsz, R. and Ritter, F. E. and Busetta, P. and Pedrotti, M.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = SIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, AustraliaSIAA Ltd.: Melbourne, Australia| last1 = Evertsz| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Busetta| first3 = P.| last4 = Pedrotti| first4 = M.| title = Realistic behaviour variation in a BDI-based cognitive architecture| booktitle = Proceedings of the SimTecT '08 Conference| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Christou, G., F. E. Ritter, and R. J. K. Jacob. “Modeling Prehensile Actions for the Evaluation of Tangible User Interfaces.” Proceedings of ITI 08 International Conference of Information Technology Interfaces. Croatia. IEEE XploreCavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia. IEEE Xplore: Cavtat/Dubrovnik, 2008. Web.
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@inproceedings{christou2008modeling, address = {Croatia. IEEE XploreCavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia. IEEE Xplore}, title = {Modeling prehensile actions for the evaluation of tangible user interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJ08.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ITI} 08 {International} {Conference} of {Information} {Technology} {Interfaces}}, publisher = {Cavtat/Dubrovnik}, author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Cavtat/Dubrovnik| last1 = Christou| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Jacob| first3 = R. J. K.| title = Modeling prehensile actions for the evaluation of tangible user interfaces| booktitle = Proceedings of ITI 08 International Conference of Information Technology Interfaces| location = Croatia. IEEE XploreCavtat/Dubrovnik, Croatia. IEEE Xplore| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “dTank: A Lightweight Synthetic Environment for Teaching and Theoretical Research.” Human Behavioral Synthetic Research Environments (HB-SRE) Symposium. Ed. J. Hansberger. In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, 08-BRIMS-034. U. of Central Florida: Orlando, FL, 2008. Web.
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@incollection{ritter2008dtank:, address = {In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, 08-BRIMS-034. U. of Central Florida}, title = {{dTank}: {A} lightweight synthetic environment for teaching and theoretical research}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter08.pdf}, booktitle = {Human {Behavioral} {Synthetic} {Research} {Environments} ({HB}-{SRE}) {Symposium}}, publisher = {Orlando, FL}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Hansberger, J.}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Orlando, FL| editors = J. Hansberger (ed.)| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Human Behavioral Synthetic Research Environments (HB-SRE) Symposium| chapter = dTank: A lightweight synthetic environment for teaching and theoretical research| location = In Proceedings of the 17th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation, 08-BRIMS-034. U. of Central Florida| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Friedrich, M. B. “Implementierung von Schematischen Denkstrategien in Einer Höheren Programmiersprache: Erweitern Und Testen Der Vorhandenen Resultate Durch Erfassen von Zusätzlichen Daten Und Das Erstellen von Weiteren Strategien (Implementing Diagrammatic Reasoning Strategies in a High Level Language: Extending and Testing the Existing Model Results by Gathering Additional Data and Creating Additional Strategies). Faculty of Information Systems and Applied Computer Science, University of Bamberg, Germany.” N.p., 2008. Web.
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@phdthesis{friedrich_m._b._implementierung_2008, title = {Implementierung von schematischen {Denkstrategien} in einer höheren {Programmiersprache}: {Erweitern} und {Testen} der vorhandenen {Resultate} durch {Erfassen} von zusätzlichen {Daten} und das {Erstellen} von weiteren {Strategien} ({Implementing} diagrammatic reasoning strategies in a high level language: {Extending} and testing the existing model results by gathering additional data and creating additional strategies). {Faculty} of {Information} {Systems} and {Applied} {Computer} {Science}, {University} of {Bamberg}, {Germany}.}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/friedrich08.pdf}, author = {{Friedrich, M. B.}}, year = {2008} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite paper| last = Friedrich, M. B.| title = Implementierung von schematischen Denkstrategien in einer höheren Programmiersprache: Erweitern und Testen der vorhandenen Resultate durch Erfassen von zusätzlichen Daten und das Erstellen von weiteren Strategien (Implementing diagrammatic reasoning strategies in a high level language: Extending and testing the existing model results by gathering additional data and creating additional strategies). Faculty of Information Systems and Applied Computer Science, University of Bamberg, Germany.| date = 2008}}
EndNote
Bernard, M. L. et al. “The next Generation of Cognitive Modeling Tools: Opportunities, Challenges and Basic Needs.” Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, 2007. 799–801. Web.
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@inproceedings{bernard2007next, title = {The next generation of cognitive modeling tools: {Opportunities}, challenges and basic needs}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bernardFACRR07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Human} {Factors} and {Ergonomics} {Society}}, publisher = {Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society}, author = {Bernard, M. L. and Forsythe, J. C. and Allender, L. and Cohn, J. and Radvansky, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {799--801} }
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{{Cite conference| publisher = Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society| pages = 799–801| last1 = Bernard| first1 = M. L.| last2 = Forsythe| first2 = J. C.| last3 = Allender| first3 = L.| last4 = Cohn| first4 = J.| last5 = Radvansky| first5 = G.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| title = The next generation of cognitive modeling tools: Opportunities, challenges and basic needs| booktitle = Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Evertsz, R. et al. “Modeling Rules of Engagement in Computer-Generated Forces.” Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021, 2007. 123–134. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{evertsz2007modeling, title = {Modeling rules of engagement in computer-generated forces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/evertszRRS07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 16th {Conference} on {Behavior} {Representation} in {Modeling} and {Simulation}}, publisher = {Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021}, author = {Evertsz, R. and Ritter, F. E. and Russell, S. and Shepherdson, D.}, year = {2007}, pages = {123--134} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida. 07-BRIMS-021| pages = 123–134| last1 = Evertsz| first1 = R.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Russell| first3 = S.| last4 = Shepherdson| first4 = D.| title = Modeling rules of engagement in computer-generated forces| booktitle = Proceedings of the 16th Conference on Behavior Representation in Modeling and Simulation| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Kase, S. E., F. E. Ritter, and M. Schoelles. “Using HPC and PGAs to Optimize Noisy Computational Models of Cognition.” Proceedings of International Joint Conferences on Computer. and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007Information, and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007: Information, 2007. Web.
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@inproceedings{kase2007using, address = {and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007Information, and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007}, title = {Using {HPC} and {PGAs} to optimize noisy computational models of cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRS07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {International} {Joint} {Conferences} on {Computer}}, publisher = {Information}, author = {Kase, S. E. and Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2007} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Information| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Schoelles| first3 = M.| title = Using HPC and PGAs to optimize noisy computational models of cognition| booktitle = Proceedings of International Joint Conferences on Computer| location = and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007Information, and System Sciences, and Engineering, CISSE 2007| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Kim, J., and F. E. Ritter. “Automatically Recording Keystrokes in Public Clusters with RUI: Issues and Sample Answers.” Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society, 2007. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{kim2007automatically, title = {Automatically recording keystrokes in public clusters with {RUI}: {Issues} and sample answers}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimR07.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 29th {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Kim, J. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2007} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society1787. Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society| last1 = Kim| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Automatically recording keystrokes in public clusters with RUI: Issues and sample answers| booktitle = Proceedings of the 29th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Pew, Richard W., Anne S. Mavor, and Committee Human-System Design Support for Changing Technology (Ritter was member), eds. A New Approach to System Design Using Risk in Human-System Integration. National Academy Press. Washington DC: National Research Council, 2007. Web.
link
BIB
@book{pew2007new, address = {National Academy Press. Washington DC}, title = {A new approach to system design using risk in human-system integration}, url = {http://books.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=11893}, publisher = {National Research Council}, editor = {Pew, Richard W. and Mavor, Anne S. and Committee Human-System Design Support for Changing Technology (Ritter was member)}, year = {2007} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = National Research Council| others = Richard W. Pew, Anne S. Mavor, Committee Human-System Design Support for Changing Technology (Ritter was member) (eds.)| title = A new approach to system design using risk in human-system integration| location = National Academy Press. Washington DC| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Cohen, M. A., F. E. Ritter, and S. R. Haynes. “Using Reflective Learning to Master Opponent Strategy in a Competative Environment.” Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press, 2007. 157–162. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{cohen2007using, address = {Oxford, UK}, title = {Using reflective learning to master opponent strategy in a competative environment}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cohenRH07.pdf}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press}, author = {Cohen, M. A. and Ritter, F. E. and Haynes, S. R.}, year = {2007}, pages = {157--162} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press| pages = 157–162| last1 = Cohen| first1 = M. A.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Haynes| first3 = S. R.| chapter = Using reflective learning to master opponent strategy in a competative environment| location = Oxford, UK| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “The Rise of Cognitive Architectures.” Ed. Integrated Models. v-vi. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2007. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007rise, address = {v-vi. New York, NY}, title = {The rise of cognitive architectures}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter07.pdf}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Models, Integrated}, year = {2007} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| editors = Integrated Models (ed.)| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| chapter = The rise of cognitive architectures| location = v-vi. New York, NY| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Nerb, J., F. E. Ritter, and P. Langley. “Rules of Order: Process Models of Human Learning.” In Order to Learn: How the Sequences of Topics Affect Learning. Ed. F. E. Ritter et al. Oxford University Press, 2007. 57–69. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{nerb2007rules, title = {Rules of order: {Process} models of human learning}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nerbRL07.pdf}, booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequences of topics affect learning}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Nerb, J. and Ritter, F. E. and Langley, P.}, editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {57--69} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| pages = 57–69| editors = F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O'Shea, E. Lehtinen (eds.)| last1 = Nerb| first1 = J.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Langley| first3 = P.| title = In order to learn: How the sequences of topics affect learning| chapter = Rules of order: Process models of human learning| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Lessons from Defining Theories of Stress.” New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2007. 254–262. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007lessons, address = {New York, NY}, title = {Lessons from defining theories of stress}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterRKS07.pdf}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Reifers, A. L. and Klein, L. C. and Schoelles, M.}, year = {2007}, pages = {254--262} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| pages = 254–262| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Reifers| first2 = A. L.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| last4 = Schoelles| first4 = M.| chapter = Lessons from defining theories of stress| location = New York, NY| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Kim, J. W., R. J. Koubek, and F. E. Ritter. “Investigation of Procedural Skills Degradation from Different Modalities.” Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press, 2007. 255–260. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{kim2007investigation, address = {Oxford, UK}, title = {Investigation of procedural skills degradation from different modalities}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kimKR07.pdf}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press}, author = {Kim, J. W. and Koubek, R. J. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {255--260} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press| pages = 255–260| last1 = Kim| first1 = J. W.| last2 = Koubek| first2 = R. J.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| chapter = Investigation of procedural skills degradation from different modalities| location = Oxford, UK| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Modeling the Range of Performance on the Serial Subtraction Task.” Oxford, UK: Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press, 2007. 299–304. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007modeling, address = {Oxford, UK}, title = {Modeling the range of performance on the serial subtraction task}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSKK07.pdf}, publisher = {Taylor \& Francis/Psychology Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Schoelles, M. and Klein, L. C. and Kase, S. E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {299--304} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Taylor & Francis/Psychology Press| pages = 299–304| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Schoelles| first2 = M.| last3 = Klein| first3 = L. C.| last4 = Kase| first4 = S. E.| chapter = Modeling the range of performance on the serial subtraction task| location = Oxford, UK| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., J. Nerb, and E. Lehtinen. “Getting Things in Order: Collecting and Analysing Data on Learning.” In Order to Learn: How the Sequence of Topics Influence Learning. Ed. F. E. Ritter et al. New York, New York: Oxford University Press, 2007. 81–92. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007getting, address = {New York, New York}, title = {Getting things in order: {Collecting} and analysing data on learning}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterNL07.pdf}, booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequence of topics influence learning}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and Lehtinen, E.}, editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {81--92} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| pages = 81–92| editors = F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O'Shea, E. Lehtinen (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Nerb| first2 = J.| last3 = Lehtinen| first3 = E.| title = In order to learn: How the sequence of topics influence learning| chapter = Getting things in order: Collecting and analysing data on learning| location = New York, New York| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and J. Nerb. “Call to Order: How Sequence Effects in Humans and Artificial Systems Illuminate Each Other.” In Order to Learn: How the Sequences of Topics Affect Learning. Ed. F. E. Ritter et al. Oxford University Press, 2007. 3–15. Web.
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BIB
@incollection{ritter2007call, title = {Call to order: {How} sequence effects in humans and artificial systems illuminate each other}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterN07.pdf}, booktitle = {In order to learn: {How} the sequences of topics affect learning}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J.}, editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Nerb, J. and O'Shea, T. and Lehtinen, E.}, year = {2007}, pages = {3--15} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Oxford University Press| pages = 3–15| editors = F. E. Ritter, J. Nerb, T. O'Shea, E. Lehtinen (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Nerb| first2 = J.| title = In order to learn: How the sequences of topics affect learning| chapter = Call to order: How sequence effects in humans and artificial systems illuminate each other| date = 2007}}
EndNote
Stevenson, W., and F. E. Ritter. “Review of “BBN’s Earliest Days: Founding a Culture of Engineering Creativity, Beranek L. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 27(2): 6-14, 2005.” ACM Computing Reviews 48.4 (2006): 227. Web.
ACM Computing Reviews
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BIB
@article{stevenson2006review, title = {Review of “{BBN}’s earliest days: founding a culture of engineering creativity, {Beranek} {L}. {IEEE} {Annals} of the {History} of {Computing} 27(2): 6-14, 2005}, volume = {48}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/stevensonR06.pdf}, number = {4}, journal = {ACM Computing Reviews}, author = {Stevenson, W. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2006}, pages = {227} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 48| issue = 4| pages = 227| last1 = Stevenson| first1 = W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Review of “BBN’s earliest days: founding a culture of engineering creativity, Beranek L. IEEE Annals of the History of Computing 27(2): 6-14, 2005| journal = ACM Computing Reviews| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Kukreja, U., W. E. Stevenson, and F. E. Ritter. “RUI – Recording User Input from Interfaces under Windows and Mac OS X.” Behavior Research Methods 38.4 (2006): 656–659. Web.
Behavior Research Methods
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BIB
@article{kukreja2006rui, title = {{RUI} – {Recording} {User} {Input} from interfaces under {Windows} and {Mac} {OS} {X}}, volume = {38}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kukrejaSR06.pdf}, number = {4}, journal = {Behavior Research Methods}, author = {Kukreja, U. and Stevenson, W. E. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2006}, pages = {656--659} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 38| issue = 4| pages = 656–659| last1 = Kukreja| first1 = U.| last2 = Stevenson| first2 = W. E.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = RUI – Recording User Input from interfaces under Windows and Mac OS X| journal = Behavior Research Methods| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Chen, Wei-Fan, and Kuo-Chuan Yeh. “Work in Progress: Creating a Case-Based Reasoning Digital Library to Improve Learning in an Introductory Programming Course.” Frontiers in Education Conference, 36th Annual. N.p., 2006. 21–22. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{chen2006work, title = {Work in {Progress}: {Creating} a {Case}-{Based} {Reasoning} {Digital} {Library} to {Improve} {Learning} in an {Introductory} {Programming} {Course}}, booktitle = {Frontiers in {Education} {Conference}, 36th {Annual}}, author = {Chen, Wei-Fan and Yeh, Kuo-Chuan}, year = {2006}, pages = {21--22} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 21–22| last1 = Chen| first1 = Wei-Fan| last2 = Yeh| first2 = Kuo-Chuan| title = Work in Progress: Creating a Case-Based Reasoning Digital Library to Improve Learning in an Introductory Programming Course| booktitle = Frontiers in Education Conference, 36th Annual| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Girouard, A., Smith, N. W., and F Ritter. “Lessons from Decompiling an Embodied Cognitive Model.” Cognitio Workshop. N.p., 2006. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{girouard_a._smith_n._w._lessons_2006, title = {Lessons from decompiling an embodied cognitive model}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/girouardSR06.pdf}, booktitle = {Cognitio {Workshop}}, author = {Girouard, A., Smith, N. W. and Ritter, F}, year = {2006} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Girouard, A., Smith, N. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F| title = Lessons from decompiling an embodied cognitive model| booktitle = Cognitio Workshop| date = 2006}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., A. R. Freed, and O. Haskett. “User Information Needs: The Case of University Department Web Sites.” ACM interactions 12.5 (2005): 19–27. Web.
ACM interactions
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BIB
@article{ritter2005user, title = {User information needs: {The} case of university department web sites}, volume = {12}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterFH05.pdf}, number = {5}, journal = {ACM interactions}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Freed, A. R. and Haskett, O.}, year = {2005}, pages = {19--27} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 12| issue = 5| pages = 19–27| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Freed| first2 = A. R.| last3 = Haskett| first3 = O.| title = User information needs: The case of university department web sites| journal = ACM interactions| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Inguscio, L., and F. E. Ritter. “Applied Cognitive Science Laboratory at the Pennsylvannia State University (Laboratory Notes).” Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science 6.2 (2005): 142–146. Web.
Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science
link
BIB
@article{inguscio2005applied, title = {Applied {Cognitive} {Science} {Laboratory} at the {Pennsylvannia} {State} {University} ({Laboratory} {Notes})}, volume = {6}, url = {http://www.springerlink.com/app/home/contribution.asp?wasp=485700d70f624980ba144604e30c8217&referrer=parent&backto=issue,1,6;journal,1,6;linkingpublicationresults,1:110966,1}, number = {2}, journal = {Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science}, author = {Inguscio, L. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2005}, pages = {142--146} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 6| issue = 2| pages = 142–146| last1 = Inguscio| first1 = L.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Applied Cognitive Science Laboratory at the Pennsylvannia State University (Laboratory Notes)| journal = Cognitive Processing: International Quarterly of Cognitive Science| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Morgan, G. P. et al. “Increasing Efficiency of the Development of User Models.” IEEE and Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia: Charlottesville, VA, 2005. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{morgan2005increasing, address = {IEEE and Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia}, title = {Increasing efficiency of the development of user models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/morganHRC05.pdf}, publisher = {Charlottesville, VA}, author = {Morgan, G. P. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Cohen, M. A.}, year = {2005} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Charlottesville, VA| last1 = Morgan| first1 = G. P.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| chapter = Increasing efficiency of the development of user models| location = IEEE and Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia| date = 2005}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Choosing and Getting Started with a Cognitive Architecture to Test and Use Human-Machine Interfaces.” MMI-Interaktiv-Journal’s special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems 7 (2004): 17–37. Web.
MMI-Interaktiv-Journal's special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems
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BIB
@article{ritter2004choosing, title = {Choosing and getting started with a cognitive architecture to test and use human-machine interfaces}, volume = {7}, url = {http://www.mmi-interaktiv.de/uploads/media/03-Ritter.pdf}, journal = {MMI-Interaktiv-Journal's special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {17--37} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 7| pages = 17–37| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Choosing and getting started with a cognitive architecture to test and use human-machine interfaces| journal = MMI-Interaktiv-Journal's special issue on Modeling and Simulation in Human-Machine Systems| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Tor, K., and F. E. Ritter. “Using a Genetic Algorithm to Optimize the Fit of Cognitive Models.” Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2004. 308–313. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{tor2004using, title = {Using a genetic algorithm to optimize the fit of cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torR04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Tor, K. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004}, pages = {308--313} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| pages = 308–313| last1 = Tor| first1 = K.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Using a genetic algorithm to optimize the fit of cognitive models| booktitle = Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Sun, S. et al. “Comparing Teamwork Modeling in an Empirical Approach.” Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2004. 388–389. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{sun2004comparing, title = {Comparing teamwork modeling in an empirical approach}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/sunCFRY04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Sixth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Sun, S. and Councill, I. and Fan, X. and Ritter, F. E. and Yen, J.}, year = {2004}, pages = {388--389} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| pages = 388–389| last1 = Sun| first1 = S.| last2 = Councill| first2 = I.| last3 = Fan| first3 = X.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| last5 = Yen| first5 = J.| title = Comparing teamwork modeling in an empirical approach| booktitle = Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Tor, K. et al. “Categorical Data Displays Generated from Three Cognitive Architectures Illustrate Their Behavior.” Proceedings of the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2004. 302–307. Web.
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BIB
@inproceedings{tor2004categorical, title = {Categorical data displays generated from three cognitive architectures illustrate their behavior}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/torHRC04.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Tor, K. and Haynes, S. R. and Ritter, F. E. and Cohen, M. A.}, year = {2004}, pages = {302--307} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| pages = 302–307| last1 = Tor| first1 = K.| last2 = Haynes| first2 = S. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| last4 = Cohen| first4 = M. A.| title = Categorical data displays generated from three cognitive architectures illustrate their behavior| booktitle = Proceedings of the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Kase, S. E, and F. E. Ritter. The Gender Factor in Computer Anxiety: Perspectives in IT. Encylopedia of Information Science and Technology, 2004. Web.
PDF
BIB
@book{kase2004gender, title = {The gender factor in computer anxiety: {Perspectives} in {IT}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kaseRip.pdf}, publisher = {Encylopedia of Information Science and Technology}, author = {Kase, S. E and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2004} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Encylopedia of Information Science and Technology| last1 = Kase| first1 = S. E| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = The gender factor in computer anxiety: Perspectives in IT| date = 2004}}
EndNote
Jones, G., and F. E. Ritter. “Production Systems and Rule-Based Inference.” In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science (2003): 741–747. Web.
In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science
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BIB
@article{jones2003production, title = {Production systems and rule-based inference}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR03b.pdf}, journal = {In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2003}, pages = {741--747} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 741–747| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Production systems and rule-based inference| journal = In Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. Techniques for Modeling Human and Organizational Behaviour in Synthetic Environments: A Supplementary Review. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center, 2003. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter2003techniques, address = {Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH}, title = {Techniques for modeling human and organizational behaviour in synthetic environments: {A} supplementary review}, publisher = {Human Systems Information Analysis Center}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Shadbolt, N. R. and Elliman, D. and Young, R. and Gobet, F. and Baxter, G. D.}, year = {2003} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Human Systems Information Analysis Center| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Shadbolt| first2 = N. R.| last3 = Elliman| first3 = D.| last4 = Young| first4 = R.| last5 = Gobet| first5 = F.| last6 = Baxter| first6 = G. D.| title = Techniques for modeling human and organizational behaviour in synthetic environments: A supplementary review| location = Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Belavkin, R. V., and F. E. Ritter. “The Use of Entropy for Analysis and Control of Cognitive Models.” Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Ed. F. Detje, D. Doerner, and H. Schaub. Bamberg, Germany: Universitats-Verlag Bamberg, 2003. 21–26. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{belavkin2003use, address = {Bamberg, Germany}, title = {The use of entropy for analysis and control of cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinR03.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Fifth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Universitats-Verlag Bamberg}, author = {Belavkin, R. V. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Detje, F. and Doerner, D. and Schaub, H.}, year = {2003}, pages = {21--26} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Universitats-Verlag Bamberg| pages = 21–26| editors = F. Detje, D. Doerner, H. Schaub (eds.)| last1 = Belavkin| first1 = R. V.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| chapter = The use of entropy for analysis and control of cognitive models| location = Bamberg, Germany| date = 2003}}
EndNote
Baxter, G. D., and F. E. Ritter. “A Review of ‘A Multidisciplinary Approach to Human-Maching Systems Development: Cognitive Engineering in the Aviation Domain’ Edited by Nadine B.” Sarter and Rene Amalberti 47.4 (2002): 362–364. Web.
Sarter and Rene Amalberti
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BIB
@article{baxter2002review, title = {A review of "{A} multidisciplinary approach to human-maching systems development: {Cognitive} {Engineering} in the {Aviation} {Domain}" edited by {Nadine} {B}}, volume = {47}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR02.pdf}, number = {4}, journal = {Sarter and Rene Amalberti}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2002}, pages = {362--364} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 47| issue = 4| pages = 362–364| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = A review of "A multidisciplinary approach to human-maching systems development: Cognitive Engineering in the Aviation Domain" edited by Nadine B| journal = Sarter and Rene Amalberti| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Mudgett, D. R., A. R. Freed, and F. E. Ritter. “Web-Based Resources for Teaching Discrete Mathematics to Students of Information Sciences and Technology.” IEEE Learning Technology 4.3 (2002): 9–10. Web.
IEEE Learning Technology
link
BIB
@article{mudgett2002web-based, title = {Web-based resources for teaching discrete mathematics to students of information sciences and technology}, volume = {4}, url = {http://www.ieeetclt.org/issues/july2002/index.html}, number = {3}, journal = {IEEE Learning Technology}, author = {Mudgett, D. R. and Freed, A. R. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2002}, pages = {9--10} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 4| issue = 3| pages = 9–10| last1 = Mudgett| first1 = D. R.| last2 = Freed| first2 = A. R.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Web-based resources for teaching discrete mathematics to students of information sciences and technology| journal = IEEE Learning Technology| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Avraamides, M., and F. E. Ritter. “Using Multidisciplinary Expert Evaluations to Test and Improve Cognitive Model Interfaces.” Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference. 02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida, 2002. 553–562. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{avraamides2002using, title = {Using multidisciplinary expert evaluations to test and improve cognitive model interfaces}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/avraamidesR02.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th {Computer} {Generated} {Forces} {Conference}}, publisher = {02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida}, author = {Avraamides, M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2002}, pages = {553--562} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida02-CGF-100. Orlando, FL: U. of Central Florida| pages = 553–562| last1 = Avraamides| first1 = M.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Using multidisciplinary expert evaluations to test and improve cognitive model interfaces| booktitle = Proceedings of the 11th Computer Generated Forces Conference| date = 2002}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Review of the Third International Conference on Cognitive Modelling.” Cognitive Systems Research 1.4 (2001): 251–252. Web.
Cognitive Systems Research
link
BIB
@article{ritter2001review, title = {Review of the {Third} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, volume = {1}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/iccm3-review.html}, number = {4}, journal = {Cognitive Systems Research}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2001}, pages = {251--252} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 4| pages = 251–252| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Review of the Third International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| journal = Cognitive Systems Research| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and R. M. Young. “Embodied Models as Simulated Users: Introduction to This Special Issue on Using Cognitive Models to Improve Interface Design.” International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 55 (2001): 1–14. Web.
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
link
BIB
@article{ritter2001embodied, title = {Embodied models as simulated users: {Introduction} to this special issue on using cognitive models to improve interface design}, volume = {55}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ijhcs-em-si}, journal = {International Journal of Human-Computer Studies}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {2001}, pages = {1--14} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 55| pages = 1–14| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Embodied models as simulated users: Introduction to this special issue on using cognitive models to improve interface design| journal = International Journal of Human-Computer Studies| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Cheyne, T., and F. E. Ritter. “Targetting Respondents on the Internet Successfully and Responsibly.” Communications of the ACM 44.4 (2001): 94–98. Web.
Communications of the ACM
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BIB
@article{cheyne2001targetting, title = {Targetting respondents on the {Internet} successfully and responsibly}, volume = {44}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/cheyneR01.pdf}, number = {4}, journal = {Communications of the ACM}, author = {Cheyne, T. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2001}, pages = {94--98} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 44| issue = 4| pages = 94–98| last1 = Cheyne| first1 = T.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Targetting respondents on the Internet successfully and responsibly| journal = Communications of the ACM| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and P. Bibby. “Modeling How and When Learning Happens in a Simple Fault-Finding Task.” Proceedings of ICCM - 2001 - Fourth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2001. 187–192. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter2001modeling, title = {Modeling how and when learning happens in a simple fault-finding task}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB01.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {ICCM} - 2001 - {Fourth} {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modeling}}, publisher = {Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P.}, year = {2001}, pages = {187--192} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| pages = 187–192| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bibby| first2 = P.| title = Modeling how and when learning happens in a simple fault-finding task| booktitle = Proceedings of ICCM - 2001 - Fourth International Conference on Cognitive Modeling| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. Preliminary Example Applications of Cognitive Models to Telephone Design. Talk presented at the Navy Research Lab, 2001. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter2001preliminary, title = {Preliminary {Example} {Applications} of {Cognitive} {Models} to {Telephone} {Design}}, publisher = {Talk presented at the Navy Research Lab}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2001} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Talk presented at the Navy Research Lab| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Preliminary Example Applications of Cognitive Models to Telephone Design| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “User Interface Evaluation: How Cognitive Models Can Help.” Human-Computer Interaction in the New Millenium. Ed. J. Carroll. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Also see Ritter, Baxter, Jones, and Young, 2000, 2001. 125–147. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter2001user, address = {Reading, MA}, title = {User interface evaluation: {How} cognitive models can help}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBJY01.pdf}, booktitle = {Human-computer interaction in the new millenium}, publisher = {Addison-Wesley. Also see Ritter, Baxter, Jones, and Young, 2000}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, editor = {Carroll, J.}, year = {2001}, pages = {125--147} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Addison-Wesley. Also see Ritter, Baxter, Jones, and Young, 2000| pages = 125–147| editors = J. Carroll (ed.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| last3 = Jones| first3 = G.| last4 = Young| first4 = R. M.| title = Human-computer interaction in the new millenium| chapter = User interface evaluation: How cognitive models can help| location = Reading, MA| date = 2001}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Cognitive Modeling.” DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop (2000): 29–30. Web.
DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop
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BIB
@article{ritter2000cognitive, title = {Cognitive modeling}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter09b.pdf}, journal = {DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = nov, year = {2000}, pages = {29--30} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 29–30| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Cognitive modeling| journal = DARPA Human Robotics Interface Workshop| date = 2000-11}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and P. A. Bibby. “Modeling How and When Learning Happens in a Diagrammatic Reasoning Task.” Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society (2000): n. pag. Print.
Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society
BIB
@article{ritter2000modeling, title = {Modeling how and when learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task}, journal = {Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.}, month = feb, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bibby| first2 = P. A.| title = Modeling how and when learning happens in a diagrammatic reasoning task| journal = Talk presented at the Fifth Conference of the Australasian Cognitive Science Society| date = 2000-02}}
EndNote
Jones, G., F. E. Ritter, and D. J. Wood. “Using a Cognitive Architecture to Examine What Develops.” Psychological Science 11.2 (2000): 93–100. Web.
Psychological Science
PDF
BIB
@article{jones2000using, title = {Using a cognitive architecture to examine what develops}, volume = {11}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesRW00.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {Psychological Science}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Wood, D. J.}, year = {2000}, pages = {93--100} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 11| issue = 2| pages = 93–100| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Wood| first3 = D. J.| title = Using a cognitive architecture to examine what develops| journal = Psychological Science| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Supporting Cognitive Models as Users.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 7.2 (2000): 141–173. Web.
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter2000supporting, title = {Supporting cognitive models as users}, volume = {7}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterBJY00.pdf}, number = {2}, journal = {ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, year = {2000}, pages = {141--173} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 7| issue = 2| pages = 141–173| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| last3 = Jones| first3 = G.| last4 = Young| first4 = R. M.| title = Supporting cognitive models as users| journal = ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. “Summary of ‘Supporting Cognitive Models as Users’. Research Alerts [sic] in Interactions [sic].” VII. (2000): 16–17. Print.
VII.
VII.
BIB
@article{ritter2000summary, title = {Summary of '{Supporting} cognitive models as users'. research alerts [sic] in interactions [sic]}, journal = {VII.}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Baxter, G. D. and Jones, G. and Young, R. M.}, year = {2000}, pages = {16--17} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 16–17| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| last3 = Jones| first3 = G.| last4 = Young| first4 = R. M.| title = Summary of 'Supporting cognitive models as users'. research alerts [sic] in interactions [sic]| journal = VII.| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Review of the Third International Cognitive Modelling Conference.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly (2000): n. pag. Print.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
BIB
@article{ritter2000review, title = {Review of the {Third} {International} {Cognitive} {Modelling} {Conference}}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {2000} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Review of the Third International Cognitive Modelling Conference| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Gobet, F., and F. E. Ritter. “Individual Data Analysis and Unified Theories of Cognition: A Methodological Proposal.” Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Ed. N. Taatgen and J. Aasman. Veenendaal (NL): Universal Press, 2000. 150–157. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{gobet2000individual, address = {Veenendaal (NL)}, title = {Individual {Data} {Analysis} and {Unified} {Theories} of {Cognition}: {A} methodological proposal}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/gobetR00.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd {International} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Universal Press}, author = {Gobet, F. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Taatgen, N. and Aasman, J.}, year = {2000}, pages = {150--157} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Universal Press| pages = 150–157| editors = N. Taatgen, J. Aasman (eds.)| last1 = Gobet| first1 = F.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Cognitive Modelling| chapter = Individual Data Analysis and Unified Theories of Cognition: A methodological proposal| location = Veenendaal (NL)| date = 2000}}
EndNote
Kuk, G., M. Arnold, and F. E. Ritter. “Using Event History Analysis to Model the Impact of Workload on an Air Traffic Tactical Controller’s Operations.” Ergonomics 42.9 (1999): 1133–1148. Web.
Ergonomics
Ergonomics
PDF
BIB
@article{kuk1999using, title = {Using event history analysis to model the impact of workload on an air traffic tactical controller's operations}, volume = {42}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/kukAR99.pdf}, number = {9}, journal = {Ergonomics}, author = {Kuk, G. and Arnold, M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1999}, pages = {1133--1148} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 42| issue = 9| pages = 1133–1148| last1 = Kuk| first1 = G.| last2 = Arnold| first2 = M.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Using event history analysis to model the impact of workload on an air traffic tactical controller's operations| journal = Ergonomics| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Young, R. M., and F. E. Ritter. “Report on the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly 101 (1999): 10–11. Web.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{young1999report, title = {Report on the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, volume = {101}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/youngR99.pdf}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Young, R. M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1999}, pages = {10--11} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 101| pages = 10–11| last1 = Young| first1 = R. M.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Report on the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and R. M. Young. “Report on the AISB’99 Workshop on ‘Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates.’” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly 102 (1999): 7–8. Web.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter1999report, title = {Report on the {AISB}'99 {Workshop} on "{Issues} in {Teaching} {Cognitive} {Science} to {Undergraduates}"}, volume = {102}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterY99b.pdf}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1999}, pages = {7--8} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 102| pages = 7–8| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Young| first2 = R. M.| title = Report on the AISB'99 Workshop on "Issues in Teaching Cognitive Science to Undergraduates"| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Belavkin, R. V., F. E. Ritter, and D. G. Elliman. “Towards Including Simple Emotions in a Cognitive Architecture in Order to Fit Children’s Behaviour Better.” Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1999. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{belavkin1999towards, title = {Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit children's behaviour better}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/belavkinRE99.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1999 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Belavkin, R. V. and Ritter, F. E. and Elliman, D. G.}, year = {1999} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum784. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| last1 = Belavkin| first1 = R. V.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Elliman| first3 = D. G.| title = Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit children's behaviour better| booktitle = Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Byrne, M. et al. “Symposium on Integrated Models of Perception, Cognition, and Action.” Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. 1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1999. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{byrne1999symposium, title = {Symposium on {Integrated} models of perception, cognition, and action}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/byrneCFRG99.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1999 {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum}, author = {Byrne, M. and Chong, R. and Freed, M. and Ritter, F. E. and Gray, W.}, year = {1999} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = 1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum1. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum| last1 = Byrne| first1 = M.| last2 = Chong| first2 = R.| last3 = Freed| first3 = M.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| last5 = Gray| first5 = W.| title = Symposium on Integrated models of perception, cognition, and action| booktitle = Proceedings of the 1999 Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., R. V. Belavkin, and D. G. Elliman. Towards Including Simple Emotions in a Cognitive Architecture in Order to Fit Behaviour Better. Poster at the BCS’s "Workshop on Affective Computing: The role of emotion in Human Computer Interaction.", 1999. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter1999towards, address = {Poster at the BCS's "Workshop on Affective Computing}, title = {Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit behaviour better}, publisher = {The role of emotion in Human Computer Interaction."}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Belavkin, R. V. and Elliman, D. G.}, year = {1999} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = The role of emotion in Human Computer Interaction."| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Belavkin| first2 = R. V.| last3 = Elliman| first3 = D. G.| title = Towards including simple emotions in a cognitive architecture in order to fit behaviour better| location = Poster at the BCS's "Workshop on Affective Computing| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Golightly, D., K. S. Hone, and F. E. Ritter. “Speech Interaction Can Support Problem Solving.” Human-Computer Interaction – Interact ’99. Ed. M. A. Sasse and C. Johnson. IOS Press, 1999. 149–155. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{golightly1999speech, title = {Speech interaction can support problem solving}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/golightlyHR99.pdf}, booktitle = {Human-{Computer} {Interaction} – {Interact} '99}, publisher = {IOS Press}, author = {Golightly, D. and Hone, K. S. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Sasse, M. A. and Johnson, C.}, year = {1999}, pages = {149--155} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = IOS Press| pages = 149–155| editors = M. A. Sasse, C. Johnson (eds.)| last1 = Golightly| first1 = D.| last2 = Hone| first2 = K. S.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Human-Computer Interaction – Interact '99| chapter = Speech interaction can support problem solving| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Baxter, G. D., and F. E. Ritter. “Towards a Classification of State Misinterpretation.” The 2nd International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Ed. D. Harris. Oxford: Ashgate, 1999. 35–42. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{baxter1999towards, address = {Oxford}, title = {Towards a classification of state misinterpretation}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR99.pdf}, booktitle = {The 2nd {International} {Conference} on {Engineering} {Psychology} and {Cognitive} {Ergonomics}}, publisher = {Ashgate}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Harris, D.}, year = {1999}, pages = {35--42} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Ashgate| pages = 35–42| editors = D. Harris (ed.)| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = The 2nd International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics| chapter = Towards a classification of state misinterpretation| location = Oxford| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. et al. Techniques for Modelling Human Performance in Synthetic Environments: A Supplementary Review. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center, 1999. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter1999techniques, title = {Techniques for modelling human performance in synthetic environments: {A} supplementary review}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterSEYGB01.pdf}, institution = {Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Shadbolt, N. R. and Elliman, D. and Young, R. and Gobet, F. and Baxter, G. D.}, year = {1999} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Human Systems Information Analysis Center| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Shadbolt| first2 = N. R.| last3 = Elliman| first3 = D.| last4 = Young| first4 = R.| last5 = Gobet| first5 = F.| last6 = Baxter| first6 = G. D.| title = Techniques for modelling human performance in synthetic environments: A supplementary review| date = 1999}}
EndNote
Delaney, P. F. et al. “The Strategy Specific Nature of Improvement: The Power Law Applies by Strategy within Task.” Psychological Science 9.1 (1998): 1–8. Web.
Psychological Science
PDF
BIB
@article{delaney1998strategy, title = {The strategy specific nature of improvement: {The} power law applies by strategy within task}, volume = {9}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/delaneyRSR98.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {Psychological Science}, author = {Delaney, P. F. and Reder, L. M. and Staszewski, J. J. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1998}, pages = {1--8} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 9| issue = 1| pages = 1–8| last1 = Delaney| first1 = P. F.| last2 = Reder| first2 = L. M.| last3 = Staszewski| first3 = J. J.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F. E.| title = The strategy specific nature of improvement: The power law applies by strategy within task| journal = Psychological Science| date = 1998}}
EndNote
Jones, G., and F. E. Ritter. “Initial Explorations of Modifying Architectures to Simulate Cognitive and Perceptual Development.” Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000, 1998. 44–51. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{jones1998initial, title = {Initial explorations of modifying architectures to simulate cognitive and perceptual development}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, publisher = {Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood 2000. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood 2000}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1998}, pages = {44--51} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood 2000| pages = 44–51| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Initial explorations of modifying architectures to simulate cognitive and perceptual development| booktitle = Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| date = 1998}}
EndNote
Jones, G., and F. E. Ritter. “Simulating Development by Modifying Architectures.” Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum, 1998. 543–548. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{jones1998simulating, title = {Simulating development by modifying architectures}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/jonesR98.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1998}, pages = {543--548} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum. Madison, WI: Lawrence Earlbaum| pages = 543–548| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Simulating development by modifying architectures| booktitle = Proceedings of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 1998}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. The Nature of Improvement: The Power Law, Feeling of Knowing, and Strategies. Vol. 2. N.p., 1998. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter1998nature, title = {The nature of improvement: {The} power law, feeling of knowing, and strategies}, volume = {2}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, month = dec, year = {1998} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| volume = 2| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = The nature of improvement: The power law, feeling of knowing, and strategies| date = 1998-12}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and R. M. Young, eds. Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling. Thrumpton (UK): Nottingham University Press, 1998. Web.
link
BIB
@book{ritter1998proceedings, address = {Thrumpton (UK)}, title = {Proceedings of the {Second} {European} {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Modelling}}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/eccm98/}, publisher = {Nottingham University Press}, editor = {Ritter, F. E. and Young, R. M.}, year = {1998} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Nottingham University Press| others = F. E. Ritter, R. M. Young (eds.)| title = Proceedings of the Second European Conference on Cognitive Modelling| location = Thrumpton (UK)| date = 1998}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., R. M. Jones, and G. D. Baxter. “Reusable Models and Graphical Interfaces: Realising the Potential of a Unified Theory of Cognition.” Mind Modeling - A Cognitive Science Approach to Reasoning, Learning and Discovery. Ed. U. Schmid, J. Krems, and F. Wysotzki. Lengerich (Germany): Pabst Scientific Publishing, 1998. 83–109. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1998reusable, address = {Lengerich (Germany)}, title = {Reusable models and graphical interfaces: {Realising} the potential of a unified theory of cognition}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterJB98.pdf}, booktitle = {Mind modeling - {A} cognitive science approach to reasoning, learning and discovery}, publisher = {Pabst Scientific Publishing}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Jones, R. M. and Baxter, G. D.}, editor = {Schmid, U. and Krems, J. and Wysotzki, F.}, year = {1998}, pages = {83--109} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Pabst Scientific Publishing| pages = 83–109| editors = U. Schmid, J. Krems, F. Wysotzki (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Jones| first2 = R. M.| last3 = Baxter| first3 = G. D.| title = Mind modeling - A cognitive science approach to reasoning, learning and discovery| chapter = Reusable models and graphical interfaces: Realising the potential of a unified theory of cognition| location = Lengerich (Germany)| date = 1998}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. “WWW Presentation of Overheads & Exercises.” CTI Psychology Software News 7.2 (1997): n. pag. Print.
CTI Psychology Software News
BIB
@article{ritter1997www, title = {{WWW} presentation of overheads \& exercises}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, journal = {CTI Psychology Software News}, author = {Ritter, F.}, year = {1997} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 7| issue = 2| last = Ritter| first = F.| title = WWW presentation of overheads & exercises| journal = CTI Psychology Software News| date = 1997}}
EndNote
Jones, G., and F. E. Ritter. “Modelling Transitions in Childrens’ Development by Starting with Adults.” European Conference on Cognitive Science. UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000. Manchester, UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000: Manchester, 1997. 62–67. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{jones1997modelling, address = {UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood, 2000. Manchester, UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, \& Wood, 2000}, title = {Modelling transitions in childrens' development by starting with adults}, booktitle = {European {Conference} on {Cognitive} {Science}}, publisher = {Manchester}, author = {Jones, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1997}, pages = {62--67} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Manchester| pages = 62–67| last1 = Jones| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Modelling transitions in childrens' development by starting with adults| booktitle = European Conference on Cognitive Science| location = UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000. Manchester, UK. superceeded by Jones, Ritter, & Wood, 2000| date = 1997}}
EndNote
Baxter, G. D., and F. E. Ritter. “Model-Computer Interaction: Implementing the Action-Perception Loop for Cognitive Models.” The 1st International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Ed. D. Harris. vol. 2. October 1996, Stratford-upon-Avon: Ashgate. Superceeded by Ritter, Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000, 1997. 215–223. Print.
BIB
@incollection{baxter1997model-computer, address = {vol. 2. October 1996, Stratford-upon-Avon}, title = {Model-computer interaction: {Implementing} the action-perception loop for cognitive models}, booktitle = {The 1st {International} {Conference} on {Engineering} {Psychology} and {Cognitive} {Ergonomics}}, publisher = {Ashgate. Superceeded by Ritter, Baxter, Jones, \& Young, 2000}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, editor = {Harris, D.}, year = {1997}, pages = {215--223} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Ashgate. Superceeded by Ritter, Baxter, Jones, & Young, 2000| pages = 215–223| editors = D. Harris (ed.)| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = The 1st International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics| chapter = Model-computer interaction: Implementing the action-perception loop for cognitive models| location = vol. 2. October 1996, Stratford-upon-Avon| date = 1997}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and P. A. Bibby. Modelling Learning as It Happens in a Diagramatic Reasoning Task. Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham, 1997. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{ritter1997modelling, title = {Modelling learning as it happens in a diagramatic reasoning task}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterB97.pdf}, number = {45}, institution = {Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Bibby, P. A.}, year = {1997} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Bibby| first2 = P. A.| title = Modelling learning as it happens in a diagramatic reasoning task| date = 1997}}
EndNote
Ritter, Frank E., and Gordon D. Baxter. “Programming by Tenet Systems.” The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS (1996): n. pag. Print.
The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS
BIB
@article{ritter1996programming, title = {Programming by {Tenet} {Systems}}, journal = {The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS}, author = {Ritter, Frank E. and Baxter, Gordon D.}, year = {1996} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last1 = Ritter| first1 = Frank E.| last2 = Baxter| first2 = Gordon D.| title = Programming by Tenet Systems| journal = The Nottingham Interaction Architecture as Realised in SLGMS| date = 1996}}
EndNote
Baxter, G. D., and F. E. Ritter. Designing Abstract Visual Perceptual and Motor Action Capabilities for Use by Cognitive Models. Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham, 1996. Web.
PDF
BIB
@techreport{baxter1996designing, title = {Designing abstract visual perceptual and motor action capabilities for use by cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/baxterR96.pdf}, number = {36}, institution = {Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham}, author = {Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1996} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Department of Psychology, University of Nottingham| last1 = Baxter| first1 = G. D.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Designing abstract visual perceptual and motor action capabilities for use by cognitive models| date = 1996}}
EndNote
Bass, E. J, G. D. Baxter, and F. E. Ritter. “Creating Models to Control Simulations: A Generic Approach.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly 93 (1995): 18–25. Web.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{bass1995creating, title = {Creating models to control simulations: {A} generic approach}, volume = {93}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/bassbr95.pdf}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Bass, E. J and Baxter, G. D. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995}, pages = {18--25} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 93| pages = 18–25| last1 = Bass| first1 = E. J| last2 = Baxter| first2 = G. D.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Creating models to control simulations: A generic approach| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1995}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and N. P. Major. “Useful Mechanisms for Developing Simulations for Cognitive Models.” AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly (1995): 7–18. Web.
AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly
PDF
BIB
@article{ritter1995useful, title = {Useful mechanisms for developing simulations for cognitive models}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterM95.pdf}, journal = {AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Major, N. P.}, year = {1995}, pages = {7--18} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 7–18| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Major| first2 = N. P.| title = Useful mechanisms for developing simulations for cognitive models| journal = AI and Simulation of Behaviour Quarterly| date = 1995}}
EndNote
Arnold, M., G. Kuk, and F. E. Ritter. “MacSHAPA Review.” CTI Psychology Software News 6.1 (1995): 18–20. Web.
CTI Psychology Software News
PDF
BIB
@article{arnold1995macshapa, title = {{MacSHAPA} review}, volume = {6}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/arnoldKR95.pdf}, number = {1}, journal = {CTI Psychology Software News}, author = {Arnold, M. and Kuk, G. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995}, pages = {18--20} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 6| issue = 1| pages = 18–20| last1 = Arnold| first1 = M.| last2 = Kuk| first2 = G.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = MacSHAPA review| journal = CTI Psychology Software News| date = 1995}}
EndNote
Nichols, S., and F. E. Ritter. “Theoretically Motivated Tool for Automatically Generating Command Aliases.” Proceedings of CHI ’95. N.p., 1995. 393–400. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{nichols1995theoretically, title = {Theoretically motivated tool for automatically generating command aliases}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/nicholsR95.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of {CHI} '95}, author = {Nichols, S. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1995}, pages = {393--400} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| pages = 393–400| last1 = Nichols| first1 = S.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = Theoretically motivated tool for automatically generating command aliases| booktitle = Proceedings of CHI '95| date = 1995}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., and R. (Sept Ong. “The Simple-Menu Package.” Release 1.2 (1994): n. pag. Print.
Release
Release
BIB
@article{ritter1994simple-menu, title = {The simple-menu package}, volume = {1}, number = {2}, journal = {Release}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Ong, R. (Sept}, year = {1994} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 2| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Ong| first2 = R. (Sept| title = The simple-menu package| journal = Release| date = 1994}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Creating a Prototype Environment for Testing Process Models with Protocol Data.” Paper Included in the Proceedings of the InterChi Research Symposium. Amsterdam: ACM CHI, 1993. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1993creating, address = {Amsterdam}, title = {Creating a prototype environment for testing process models with protocol data}, booktitle = {Paper included in the {Proceedings} of the {InterChi} {Research} symposium}, publisher = {ACM CHI}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1993} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = ACM CHI| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Creating a prototype environment for testing process models with protocol data| booktitle = Paper included in the Proceedings of the InterChi Research symposium| location = Amsterdam| date = 1993}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Using a Cognitive Architecture to Add to Protocol Theory.” Abstract Included in the Proceedings of the III European Congress of Psychology. Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993Tampare, Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993: Tampare, 1993. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1993using, address = {Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993Tampare, Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993}, title = {Using a cognitive architecture to add to protocol theory}, booktitle = {Abstract included in the {Proceedings} of the {III} {European} {Congress} of {Psychology}}, publisher = {Tampare}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1993} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Tampare| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Using a cognitive architecture to add to protocol theory| booktitle = Abstract included in the Proceedings of the III European Congress of Psychology| location = Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993Tampare, Finland, July 1993. Also presented as colloquia at Queen Mary and Westfield College (U. of London), and the U. of Regensberg, Germany, July, 1993| date = 1993}}
EndNote
Nerb, J., J. Krems, and F. E. Ritter. “Rule Learning and the Power Law: A Computational Model and Empirical Results.” Using a Computer Model to Examine Learning and the Power Law. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEAIn Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA, 1993. 765–770. Print.
BIB
@inproceedings{nerb1993rule, title = {Rule learning and the power law: {A} computational model and empirical results}, booktitle = {Using a computer model to examine learning and the power law}, publisher = {In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEAIn Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA}, author = {Nerb, J. and Krems, J. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1993}, pages = {765--770} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEAIn Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society .. Hillsdale, NJ: LEA| pages = 765–770| last1 = Nerb| first1 = J.| last2 = Krems| first2 = J.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E.| title = Rule learning and the power law: A computational model and empirical results| booktitle = Using a computer model to examine learning and the power law| date = 1993}}
EndNote
Reder, L. M., and F. E. Ritter. “What Determines Initial Feeling of Knowing?” Familiarity with question terms, not the answer 18.3 (1992): 435–451. Web.
Familiarity with question terms, not the answer
PDF
BIB
@article{reder1992what, title = {What determines initial feeling of knowing?}, volume = {18}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/rederR92.pdf}, number = {3}, journal = {Familiarity with question terms, not the answer}, author = {Reder, L. M. and Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1992}, pages = {435--451} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 18| issue = 3| pages = 435–451| last1 = Reder| first1 = L. M.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| title = What determines initial feeling of knowing?| journal = Familiarity with question terms, not the answer| date = 1992}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “TBPA: A Methodology and Software Environment for Testing Process Models’ Sequential Predictions with Protocols.” Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University (1992): 93–101. Print.
Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University
BIB
@article{ritter1992tbpa:, title = {{TBPA}: {A} methodology and software environment for testing process models' sequential predictions with protocols}, journal = {Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1992}, pages = {93--101} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| pages = 93–101| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = TBPA: A methodology and software environment for testing process models' sequential predictions with protocols| journal = Doctoral dissertation, Carnegie-Mellon University| date = 1992}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Multiple Forms-Mode.” Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive 1.4 (1992): n. pag. Print.
Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive
BIB
@article{ritter1992multiple, title = {Multiple forms-mode}, volume = {1}, number = {4}, journal = {Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1992} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 1| issue = 4| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Multiple forms-mode| journal = Available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive| date = 1992}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. Unified Theories of Cognition: One and One-Quarter Years Later. N.p., 1992. Print.
BIB
@techreport{ritter1992unified, title = {Unified {Theories} of {Cognition}: {One} and one-quarter years later}, number = {CMU-CS-92-007}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1992} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Unified Theories of Cognition: One and one-quarter years later| date = 1992}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Towards Fair Comparisons of Connectionist Algorithms through Automatically Generated Parameter Sets.” Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society. Hillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science SocietyHillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science Society, 1991. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{ritter1991towards, title = {Towards fair comparisons of connectionist algorithms through automatically generated parameter sets}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritter91.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Thirteenth} {Annual} {Conference} of the {Cognitive} {Science} {Society}}, publisher = {Hillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science SocietyHillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science Society}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1991} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Hillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science SocietyHillsdale, NJ: Cognitive Science Society| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Towards fair comparisons of connectionist algorithms through automatically generated parameter sets| booktitle = Proceedings of the Thirteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society| date = 1991}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. (May. Revised with Roberto Ong in 1994. The simple-menu package. No longer available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive.cis.ohio-state.edu as file pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/interfaces/simple-menu.el.Z, 1991. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter1991revised, title = {Revised with {Roberto} {Ong} in 1994}, publisher = {The simple-menu package. No longer available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive.cis.ohio-state.edu as file pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/interfaces/simple-menu.el.Z}, author = {Ritter, F. E. (May}, year = {1991} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = The simple-menu package. No longer available from The Ohio State University elisp archives on archive.cis.ohio-state.edu as file pub/gnu/emacs/elisp-archive/interfaces/simple-menu.el.Z| last = Ritter| first = F. E. (May| title = Revised with Roberto Ong in 1994| date = 1991}}
EndNote
Bates, D., E. Kademan, and F. E. (Fall Ritter. Last Revised with My Help Fall 1991). Statlib is statlib@lib.stat.cmu.edu). Now part of the ESS package: S-mode for GNU Emacs. Available from the Statlib software archive (S is a statistics package, 1990. Print.
BIB
@book{bates1990last, address = {Statlib is statlib@lib.stat.cmu.edu). Now part of the ESS package}, title = {last revised with my help {Fall} 1991)}, publisher = {S-mode for GNU Emacs. Available from the Statlib software archive (S is a statistics package}, author = {Bates, D. and Kademan, E. and Ritter, F. E. (Fall}, year = {1990} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = S-mode for GNU Emacs. Available from the Statlib software archive (S is a statistics package| last1 = Bates| first1 = D.| last2 = Kademan| first2 = E.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F. E. (Fall| title = last revised with my help Fall 1991)| location = Statlib is statlib@lib.stat.cmu.edu). Now part of the ESS package| date = 1990}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. (September. Batmail – Reading Mail in an Editor. and “Some notes on learning more about GNU-Emacs”. Manuals and talks presented at the CMU Psychology Department Immigration Course: Notes on software available and used in the CMU Psychology department, 1990. Print.
BIB
@book{ritter1990batmail, address = {and "Some notes on learning more about GNU-Emacs". Manuals and talks presented at the CMU Psychology Department Immigration Course}, title = {Batmail – {Reading} mail in an editor}, publisher = {"Notes on software available and used in the CMU Psychology department"}, author = {Ritter, F. E. (September}, year = {1990} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = "Notes on software available and used in the CMU Psychology department"| last = Ritter| first = F. E. (September| title = Batmail – Reading mail in an editor| location = and "Some notes on learning more about GNU-Emacs". Manuals and talks presented at the CMU Psychology Department Immigration Course| date = 1990}}
EndNote
Feurzeig, W., and F. Ritter. “Understanding Reflective Problem Solving.” Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Lessons Learned. Ed. J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, and S. A. Mutter. NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Hillsdale, 1988. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{feurzeig1988understanding, address = {NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates}, title = {Understanding reflective problem solving}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/feurzeigR88.pdf}, booktitle = {Intelligent tutoring systems: {Lessons} learned}, publisher = {Hillsdale}, author = {Feurzeig, W. and Ritter, F.}, editor = {Psotka, J. and Massey, L. D. and Mutter, S. A.}, year = {1988} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Hillsdale| editors = J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, S. A. Mutter (eds.)| last1 = Feurzeig| first1 = W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F.| title = Intelligent tutoring systems: Lessons learned| chapter = Understanding reflective problem solving| location = NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates| date = 1988}}
EndNote
Ritter, F., and W. Feurzeig. “Teaching Real-Time Tactical Thinking.” Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Lessons Learned. Ed. J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, and S. A. Mutter. NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates: Hillsdale, 1988. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{ritter1988teaching, address = {NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates}, title = {Teaching real-time tactical thinking}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterF88.pdf}, booktitle = {Intelligent {Tutoring} {Systems}: {Lessons} {Learned}}, publisher = {Hillsdale}, author = {Ritter, F. and Feurzeig, W.}, editor = {Psotka, J. and Massey, L. D. and Mutter, S. A.}, year = {1988} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Hillsdale| editors = J. Psotka, L. D. Massey, S. A. Mutter (eds.)| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F.| last2 = Feurzeig| first2 = W.| title = Intelligent Tutoring Systems: Lessons Learned| chapter = Teaching real-time tactical thinking| location = NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates| date = 1988}}
EndNote
Davis, L. W., and F. Ritter. “Schedule Optimization with Probabilistic Search.” Proceedings of the Third Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications. IEEE Computer SocietyIEEE Computer Society, 1987. 231–236. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{davis1987schedule, title = {Schedule optimization with probabilistic search}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/davisR87.pdf}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the {Third} {Conference} on {Artificial} {Intelligence} {Applications}}, publisher = {IEEE Computer SocietyIEEE Computer Society}, author = {Davis, L. W. and Ritter, F.}, year = {1987}, pages = {231--236} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = IEEE Computer SocietyIEEE Computer Society| pages = 231–236| last1 = Davis| first1 = L. W.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F.| title = Schedule optimization with probabilistic search| booktitle = Proceedings of the Third Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications| date = 1987}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E. “Symbolics Product Review.” Technology and Learning. Invited product review mispublished as a letter to the, 1987. Print.
BIB
@incollection{ritter1987symbolics, title = {Symbolics product review}, booktitle = {Technology and {Learning}}, publisher = {Invited product review mispublished as a letter to the}, author = {Ritter, F. E.}, year = {1987} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| publisher = Invited product review mispublished as a letter to the| last = Ritter| first = F. E.| title = Technology and Learning| chapter = Symbolics product review| date = 1987}}
EndNote
Panagos, J., W. Feurzeig, and F. Ritter. TRIO System Documentation. N.p., 1987. Print.
Published: BBN Laboratories
BIB
@techreport{panagos1987trio, title = {{TRIO} {System} {Documentation}}, number = {6547}, author = {Panagos, J. and Feurzeig, W. and Ritter, F.}, year = {1987}, note = {Published: BBN Laboratories} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Panagos| first1 = J.| last2 = Feurzeig| first2 = W.| last3 = Ritter| first3 = F.| title = TRIO System Documentation| date = 1987}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. OREO: Orienting Electrical Circuits for Qualitative Reasoning. BBN Technologies, 1987. Print.
BIB
@techreport{ritter1987oreo:, title = {{OREO}: {Orienting} electrical circuits for qualitative reasoning}, number = {6560}, institution = {BBN Technologies}, author = {Ritter, F.}, year = {1987} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BBN Technologies| last = Ritter| first = F.| title = OREO: Orienting electrical circuits for qualitative reasoning| date = 1987}}
EndNote
Ritter, F., and J. Panagos. TRIO User’s Handbook. N.p., 1987. Print.
Published: BBN Laboratories
BIB
@techreport{ritter1987trio, title = {{TRIO} {User}'s {Handbook}}, number = {6206}, author = {Ritter, F. and Panagos, J.}, year = {1987}, note = {Published: BBN Laboratories} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F.| last2 = Panagos| first2 = J.| title = TRIO User's Handbook| date = 1987}}
EndNote
Ritter, F., and J. Panagos. “The Yale Loop Package: A Clause Based Loop Written in Common Lisp.” Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs (1986): n. pag. Print.
Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs
BIB
@article{ritter1986yale, title = {The {Yale} {Loop} package: {A} clause based loop written in {Common} {Lisp}}, journal = {Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs}, author = {Ritter, F. and Panagos, J.}, year = {1986} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F.| last2 = Panagos| first2 = J.| title = The Yale Loop package: A clause based loop written in Common Lisp| journal = Available from CL-Utilities-request@cs| date = 1986}}
EndNote
Feurzeig, W. et al. TRIO to INCOFT Adaptation Study. BBN Technologies, 1985. Print.
BIB
@techreport{feurzeig1985trio, title = {{TRIO} to {INCOFT} {Adaptation} {Study}}, number = {6194}, institution = {BBN Technologies}, author = {Feurzeig, W. and Massey, D. and Downes-Martin, S. and Ritter, F.}, year = {1985} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = BBN Technologies| last1 = Feurzeig| first1 = W.| last2 = Massey| first2 = D.| last3 = Downes-Martin| first3 = S.| last4 = Ritter| first4 = F.| title = TRIO to INCOFT Adaptation Study| date = 1985}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., W. G. Kennedy, and B. J. Best. “The Best Papers from BRIMS 2011: Models of Users and Teams Interacting.” 19.3 283–287. Web.
PDF
BIB
@article{ritternodatebest, title = {The best papers from {BRIMS} 2011: {Models} of users and teams interacting}, volume = {19}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/ritterKBip.pdf}, number = {3}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Kennedy, W. G. and Best, B. J.}, pages = {283--287} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite journal| volume = 19| issue = 3| pages = 283–287| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Kennedy| first2 = W. G.| last3 = Best| first3 = B. J.| title = The best papers from BRIMS 2011: Models of users and teams interacting}}
EndNote
Fang, Q. et al. “A Threaded Event-Based Simulation Approach to Analyzing the Intelligence on WMD Attacks.” Fifth IFIP WG 11.10 Int’l Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection. Web.
PDF
BIB
@inproceedings{fangnodatethreaded, title = {A threaded event-based simulation approach to analyzing the intelligence on {WMD} attacks}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/fangLYMSR11.pdf}, publisher = {Fifth IFIP WG 11.10 Int'l Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection}, author = {Fang, Q. and Liu, P. and Morgan, J. H. and Yen, J. and Shemanski, D. and Ritter, F. E.} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite conference| publisher = Fifth IFIP WG 11.10 Int'l Conference on Critical Infrastructure Protection| last1 = Fang| first1 = Q.| last2 = Liu| first2 = P.| last3 = Morgan| first3 = J. H.| last4 = Yen| first4 = J.| last5 = Shemanski| first5 = D.| last6 = Ritter| first6 = F. E.| title = A threaded event-based simulation approach to analyzing the intelligence on WMD attacks}}
EndNote
Ritter, F. E., A. Wood, and D. Fox. Dismal, a Spreadsheet for GNU Emacs. Available from the Elisp library at the GNU server: N.p. Web.
link
BIB
@book{ritternodatedismal, address = {Available from the Elisp library at the GNU server}, title = {Dismal, a spreadsheet for {GNU} {Emacs}.}, url = {http://www.gnu.org/software/dismal/}, author = {Ritter, F. E. and Wood, A. and Fox, D.} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| last1 = Ritter| first1 = F. E.| last2 = Wood| first2 = A.| last3 = Fox| first3 = D.| title = Dismal, a spreadsheet for GNU Emacs.| location = Available from the Elisp library at the GNU server}}
EndNote
Christou, G., F. E. Ritter, and R. J. K. Jacob. “Knowledge-Based Usability Evaluation for Reality-Based Interaction.” N.p. Web.
PDF
BIB
@incollection{christounodateknowledge-based, title = {Knowledge-based usability evaluation for reality-based interaction}, url = {http://acs.ist.psu.edu/papers/christouRJ09.pdf}, author = {Christou, G. and Ritter, F. E. and Jacob, R. J. K.} }
Wikipedia
{{Cite book| last1 = Christou| first1 = G.| last2 = Ritter| first2 = F. E.| last3 = Jacob| first3 = R. J. K.| chapter = Knowledge-based usability evaluation for reality-based interaction}}
EndNote
A zot_bib_web bibliography.
================================================ FILE: demo/settings1.py ================================================ # settings.py #### You must configure the following item user_collection('1366641', api_key = 'X4iUU2a7P5mQWNTO7hvuQwzB', collection='FCQK6PT6') # '1366641' # user ID (e.g., six numeric digits) # 'X4iUU2a7P5mQWNTO7hvuQwzB' # api_key: not-so-secret key (from Zotero Feeds/API settings) # 'FCQK6PT6' # collection where to find the bibliographic items. # (You can load a group collection with group_collection().) #### Optional configuration sort_criteria = ['-year'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. # The sort_criteria determine the structure of the bibliography. # Allowable values: 'type' (category of publication, e.g., journal article), # 'date' (full date) # 'year' (year of publication) # 'collection' (the subcollection the article is placed in). # Collection works best at the beginning of the list. # add - in front of the field name to sort in descending order (e.g., -date will show the newest entries first). # See also: show_top_section_headings setting below. # Two typical variants are shown: # Thematic, by collection #sort_criteria = ['collection','-date'] # First by collection, then type, then by date, latest first. # By type (journal, conference, etc.), then chronologically # sort_criteria = ['type','-date'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. # By year, then with journal articles first # sort_criteria = ['-year'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. # By date only, newest first #sort_criteria = ['-date'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. ###### Special settings bib_style = 'apa' # bibliography style format (e.g., 'apa' or 'mla') - Any valid CSL style in the Zotero style repository show_top_section_headings = 1 # show section headings for the first N sort criteria write_full_html_header = True # False to not output HTML headers. In this case, expect a file in UTF-8 encoding. outputfile = 'demo/example1.html' # relative or absolute path name of output file show_search_box = True # show a Javascript/JQuery based search box to filter pubs by keyword. Must define jquery_path. jquery_path = "site/jquery.min.js" # path to jquery file on the server - default: wordpress location number_bib_items = False # show bibliographic items as numbered, ordered list show_copy_button = True clipboard_js_path = "site/clipboard.min.js" copy_button_path = "site/clippy.svg" # path to file on server show_links = ['abstract', 'pdf', 'bib','ris'] # unconditionally show these items if they are available. show_shortcuts = ['collection', 'type'] # To add specific rather than all available values for a field, use a tuple as follows. # Note that for year, we support ranges. show_shortcuts += [shortcut('year', [2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,"2008-2012","2005-2008","-2004"])] stylesheet_url = "style1.css" language_code = 'en' ================================================ FILE: demo/settings2.py ================================================ # settings.py #### You must configure the following item user_collection('1366641', api_key = 'X4iUU2a7P5mQWNTO7hvuQwzB', collection='FCQK6PT6', top_level=True) # '1366641' # user ID (e.g., six numeric digits) # 'X4iUU2a7P5mQWNTO7hvuQwzB' # api_key: not-so-secret key (from Zotero Feeds/API settings) # 'FCQK6PT6' # collection where to find the bibliographic items. # true # toplevel - include the top level as well as a collection # (You can load a group collection with group_collection().) #### Optional configuration sort_criteria = ['type','-date'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. # The sort_criteria determine the structure of the bibliography. # Allowable values: 'type' (category of publication, e.g., journal article), # 'date' (full date) # 'year' (year of publication) # 'collection' (the subcollection the article is placed in). # Collection works best at the beginning of the list. # add - in front of the field name to sort in descending order (e.g., -date will show the newest entries first). # See also: show_top_section_headings setting below. # Two typical variants are shown: # Thematic, by collection #sort_criteria = ['collection','-date'] # First by collection, then type, then by date, latest first. # By type (journal, conference, etc.), then chronologically # sort_criteria = ['type','-date'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. # By year, then with journal articles first # sort_criteria = ['-year'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. # By date only, newest first #sort_criteria = ['-date'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. ###### Special settings bib_style = 'apa' # bibliography style format (e.g., 'apa' or 'mla') - Any valid CSL style in the Zotero style repository show_top_section_headings = 1 # show section headings for the first N sort criteria write_full_html_header = True # False to not output HTML headers. In this case, expect a file in UTF-8 encoding. outputfile = 'demo/example2.html' # relative or absolute path name of output file show_search_box = True # show a Javascript/JQuery based search box to filter pubs by keyword. Must define jquery_path. jquery_path = "site/jquery.min.js" # path to jquery file on the server - default: wordpress location number_bib_items = True # show bibliographic items as numbered, ordered list show_copy_button = True clipboard_js_path = "site/clipboard.min.js" copy_button_path = "site/clippy.svg" # path to file on server show_links = ['abstract', 'pdf', 'bib','ris'] # unconditionally show these items if they are available. show_shortcuts = ['collection', 'type'] # To add specific rather than all available values for a field, use a tuple as follows. # Note that for year, we support ranges. show_shortcuts += [shortcut('year', [2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,"2008-2012","2005-2008","-2004"])] stylesheet_url = "style2.css" ================================================ FILE: demo/settings3.py ================================================ # settings.py #### You must configure the following items group_collection(160464, collection='MGID93AS') group_collection(160464, collection='4KATF6MA') # Miscellaneous collection is kept outside the tree # Also merge a private collection: user_collection('1366641', api_key = 'X4iUU2a7P5mQWNTO7hvuQwzB', collection='FCQK6PT6') # Exclude some collections out of the 1366641 library # Give either the collection name or the key exclude_collection('Selected Works') # Selected Works ZJFRZTCB exclude_collection('AWMEXUV2') # In Review and to appear exclude_collection('HZHSMP74') # Theses rename_collection('BQUUP5PR', "Language") #filter_items(lambda i: not 'FCQK6PT6' in i.collections or i.year>2008) # This is a function that returns True for every item to be included exclude_items(lambda i: 'Reitter' in i.html and i.year<2011) # This is a function that returns True for every item to be included # The sort_criteria determine the structure of the bibliography. # Allowable values: 'type' (category of publication, e.g., journal article), # 'date' (full date) # 'year' (year of publication) # 'collection' (the subcollection the article is placed in). # Collection works best at the beginning of the list. # add - in front of the field name to sort in descending order (e.g., -date will show the newest entries first). # See also: show_top_section_headings setting below. # Two typical variants are shown: # Thematic, by collection sort_criteria = ['-date','collection'] # First by collection, then type, then by date, latest first. # By type (journal, conference, etc.), then chronologically # sort_criteria = ['type','-date'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. # By year, then with journal articles first,'-date' # sort_criteria = ['-year'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. # By date only, newest first #sort_criteria = ['-date'] # we have date and type: First by date ("issued"), then by type. ###### Special settings bib_style = 'apa' # bibliography style format (e.g., 'apa' or 'mla') - Any valid CSL style in the Zotero style repository show_top_section_headings = 1 # show section headings for the first N sort criteria write_full_html_header = True # False to not output HTML headers. In this case, expect a file in UTF-8 encoding. outputfile = 'demo/example3.html' # relative or absolute path name of output file show_search_box = True # show a Javascript/JQuery based search box to filter pubs by keyword. Must define jquery_path. jquery_path = "site/jquery.min.js" # path to jquery file on the server - default: wordpress location number_bib_items = False # show bibliographic items as numbered, ordered list show_copy_button = True clipboard_js_path = "site/clipboard.min.js" copy_button_path = "site/clippy.svg" # path to file on server show_links = ['abstract', 'pdf', 'bib','ris'] # unconditionally show these items if they are available. show_shortcuts = [shortcut('collection', sortBy='name')] show_shortcuts += [shortcut('year', [2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,'2010-2013','2000-2009','-1999'])] show_shortcuts += ['type'] stylesheet_url = "style3.css" ================================================ FILE: demo/settings4.py ================================================ #### You must configure the collection(s) to be loaded group_collection(160464, collection='MGID93AS') # 160464 # group ID (e.g., six numeric digits) # 'MGID93AS' # collection where to find the bibliographic items. # (You can load a user collection with user_collection().) # Load an additional collection from a different library: user_collection('1366641', api_key = 'X4iUU2a7P5mQWNTO7hvuQwzB', collection='FCQK6PT6') exclude_collection('FCQK6PT6', top_level_only=True) # Do not keep top-level items from this collection # One could also include the top level collections #exclude_collection('FCQK6PT6', top_level_only=True) # exclude items at the top level (redundant) exclude_collection('Selected Works') # Selected Works ZJFRZTCB exclude_collection('AWMEXUV2') # In Review and to appear exclude_collection('HZHSMP74') # Theses rename_collection('BQUUP5PR', "Language") exclude_items(lambda i: 'Reitter' in i.html and i.year<2011) # This is a function that returns True for every item to be excluded #### Optional Settings # No sort_critera specified here - use default. # sort_criteria = ['collection', '-year', 'type'] # The sort_criteria determine the structure of the bibliography. # Allowable values: 'type' (category of publication, e.g., journal article), # 'date' (full date) # 'year' (year of publication) # 'collection' (the subcollection the article is placed in). # Collection works best at the beginning of the list. # add - in front of the field name to sort in descending order (e.g., -date will show the newest entries first). ###### Special settings bib_style = 'mla' # bibliography style format (e.g., 'apa' or 'mla') - Any valid CSL style in the Zotero style repository write_full_html_header = True # False to not output HTML headers. In this case, expect a file in UTF-8 encoding. outputfile = 'demo/example4.html' # relative or absolute path name of output file show_search_box = True # show a Javascript/JQuery based search box to filter pubs by keyword. Must define jquery_path. jquery_path = "site/jquery.min.js" # path to jquery file on the server - default: wordpress location show_copy_button = True # show clipbaord copy button. Must define jquery_path. clipboard_js_path = "site/clipboard.min.js" # path to file on server copy_button_path = "site/clippy.svg" # path to file on server show_links = ['abstract', 'pdf', 'bib', 'wikipedia', 'endnote', 'coins'] show_shortcuts = ['type',shortcut('collection', sortBy='name')] stylesheet_url = "style4.css" ================================================ FILE: demo/style1.css ================================================ /* The bibliography */ div.bibliography { font-family:Times New Roman, serif; } @media print { #bib-preamble {display:none !important;} } /* Collection titles */ div.bibliography h1, div.bibliography h2, div.bibliography h3, div.bibliography h4 { font-family:Optima,sans-serif; font-weight:1000; color:DarkSlateGray; } /* Search term highlighted */ #searchTermSectionTitle, #searchTermSectionTitle a { color:DarkGreen; } /* Collections */ div.bibliography div.collection { } div.bibliography div.collection div.collection { /* nested collection */ } /* The entire bibliographic item */ div.bib-item { } div.full-bib-section div.bib-item { margin-bottom:25px; } /* the short format (selected works) */ div.short-bib-section div.bib-item { margin-bottom:5px; } /* numbered citations */ div.full-bib-section li { margin-bottom:10px; } div.short-bib-section li { margin-bottom:5px; /* list-style-type: none; */ /* Use this to turn off numbering */ } /* the abbreviated conference or journal title in the short format section */ div.short-bib-section .containertitle { font-style:italic; } /* Citation (when visible) */ div.cite { width: 600px; } /* The actual BibTeX record (when visible) */ div.bib { font-family:Menlo,Courier,monospaced; color:brown; padding-left:30px; white-space: pre; margin:20px 60px 60px 10px; } /* Text "bib", "abstract", and other buttons */ .blinkitems .blink a { font-variant: small-caps; font-family:Optima,sans-serif; text-decoration: underline; color:brown; clear: both; padding:0; margin:0; } /* the .blink p style is a hack because Wordpress seems to insert

at times. */ .blink p { display:inline; } div.full-bib-section .blink a { margin-bottom:-30px; font-size:80%; } div.short-bib-section .blinkitems .blink a { display:inline-block; /* needed to make margin-top work (collapsed margins) */ margin-bottom:10px; font-size:80%; } div.short-bib-section .bibshowhide { margin-top:20px; } /* The actual abstract (when visible) */ div.abstract { color:black; margin:20px 60px 60px 10px; padding:10px; border:1px solid black; } /* Document titles */ .doctitle { font-weight:200; } /* Document titles linking to a PDF or somewhere else */ a.doctitle:link,a.doctitle:visited,a.doctitle,a.doctitle:hover,a.doctitle.active { color:blue; font-weight:200; text-decoration:none; /* do not underline */ } /* Document titles where shorted, e.g. "selected works" */ .doctitle-short { } /* Display publication titles in their own lines. Remove to disable. */ span.doctitle { /* display:block; */ } /* Search box */ #pubSearchButton { /* border: 0 solid #d4d0ba; */ font-family: inherit; padding: 0; } #pubSearchBox { position:static; text-align:left; right:10px; top:100px; margin-top:30px; display:block; } /* Categories at top of the bibliography */ #bib-preamble { padding-left:20px; padding-right:50px; } .bib-cat { display: inline; list-style: none; text-indent: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .bib-cat li { display: inline; } .bib-cat:not(:first-child):before, .bib-cat li:not(:last-child):after { content: " | "; } ================================================ FILE: demo/style2.css ================================================ /* latin-ext */ @font-face { font-family: 'Lato'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; src: local('Lato Regular'), local('Lato-Regular'), url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/8qcEw_nrk_5HEcCpYdJu8BTbgVql8nDJpwnrE27mub0.woff2) format('woff2'); unicode-range: U+0100-024F, U+1E00-1EFF, U+20A0-20AB, U+20AD-20CF, U+2C60-2C7F, U+A720-A7FF; } /* latin */ @font-face { font-family: 'Lato'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; src: local('Lato Regular'), local('Lato-Regular'), url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/MDadn8DQ_3oT6kvnUq_2r_esZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff2) format('woff2'); unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+2000-206F, U+2074, U+20AC, U+2212, U+2215; } /* The bibliography */ div.bibliography { font-family: Lato; /* font-family:'Lato',Arial,Geneva, sans-serif; */ font-weight:300; line-height:1.4em; } @media print { #bib-preamble {display:none !important;} } /* Collection titles */ div.bibliography h1, div.bibliography h2, div.bibliography h3, div.bibliography h4 { font-family:Century Gothic,Times New Roman,Optima,sans-serif; font-weight:1000; color:Gray; } /* Search term highlighted */ #searchTermSectionTitle, #searchTermSectionTitle a { color:DarkGreen; } /* Collections */ div.bibliography div.collection { } div.bibliography div.collection div.collection { /* nested collection */ } /* The entire bibliographic item */ div.bib-item { } div.short-bib-section { border: 1px solid black; padding: 10px; padding-top: 0; } div.full-bib-section div.bib-item { margin-bottom:25px; } /* the short format (selected works) */ div.short-bib-section div.bib-item { margin-bottom:5px; } /* numbered citations */ div.full-bib-section li { margin-bottom:10px; } div.short-bib-section li { margin-bottom:5px; list-style-type: none; Use this to turn off numbering } /* the abbreviated conference or journal title in the short format section */ div.short-bib-section .containertitle { font-style:italic; } /* Citation (when visible) */ div.cite { width: 600px; } /* The actual BibTeX record (when visible) */ div.bib { font-family:Menlo,Courier,monospaced; color:brown; padding-left:30px; white-space: pre; margin:20px 60px 60px 10px; } /* Text "bib", "abstract", and other buttons */ .blinkitems .blink a { text-transform: lowercase; /* font-variant: small-caps; */ font-family:Arial,sans-serif; text-decoration: none; clear: both; padding:0; margin:0; } /* the .blink p style is a hack because Wordpress seems to insert

at times. */ .blink p { display:inline; } div.full-bib-section .blink a { margin-bottom:-30px; font-size:80%; border: 1px solid #EEEEEE; } div.short-bib-section .blinkitems .blink a { display:inline-block; /* needed to make margin-top work (collapsed margins) */ margin-bottom:0px; font-size:80%; border: 1px solid #EEEEEE; } /* The actual abstract (when visible) */ div.abstract { color:black; margin:20px 60px 60px 10px; padding:10px; border:1px solid black; } /* Document titles */ .doctitle { font-weight:200; } /* Document titles linking to a PDF or somewhere else */ a.doctitle:link,a.doctitle:visited,a.doctitle,a.doctitle:hover,a.doctitle.active { color:blue; font-weight:200; text-decoration:none; /* do not underline */ } /* Document titles where shorted, e.g. "selected works" */ .doctitle-short { } /* Display publication titles in their own lines. Remove to disable. */ span.doctitle { display:block; } /* Search box */ #pubSearchButton { /* border: 0 solid #d4d0ba; */ font-family: inherit; padding: 0; } #pubSearchBox { position:static; text-align:right; right:10px; top:100px; display:block; } #bib-preamble { ___background-color:#DDDDDD; padding: 10px; margin: 10px; } /* Categories at top of the bibliography */ .bib-cat { display: inline-block; list-style: none; text-indent: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; margin-right:30px; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; min-width:15%; } .bib-cat li { display: block; } #bib-cat-year { max-width:20%; } #bib-cat-year li { display:inline; } ================================================ FILE: demo/style3.css ================================================ /* latin-ext */ @font-face { font-family: 'Lato'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; src: local('Lato Regular'), local('Lato-Regular'), url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/8qcEw_nrk_5HEcCpYdJu8BTbgVql8nDJpwnrE27mub0.woff2) format('woff2'); unicode-range: U+0100-024F, U+1E00-1EFF, U+20A0-20AB, U+20AD-20CF, U+2C60-2C7F, U+A720-A7FF; } /* latin */ @font-face { font-family: 'Lato'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; src: local('Lato Regular'), local('Lato-Regular'), url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/MDadn8DQ_3oT6kvnUq_2r_esZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff2) format('woff2'); unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+2000-206F, U+2074, U+20AC, U+2212, U+2215; } /* The bibliography */ div.bibliography { font-family: Lato; /* font-family:'Lato',Arial,Geneva, sans-serif; */ font-weight:300; line-height:1.4em; } @media print { #bib-preamble {display:none !important;} } /* Collection titles */ div.bibliography h1, div.bibliography h2, div.bibliography h3, div.bibliography h4 { font-family:Century Gothic,Times New Roman,Optima,sans-serif; font-weight:1000; color:Gray; } div.bibliography h2 { border-bottom: Gray solid 2px; } #searchTermSectionTitle { border-bottom: none; } /* Search term highlighted */ #searchTermSectionTitle, #searchTermSectionTitle a { color:DarkGreen; } /* Collections */ div.bibliography div.collection { } div.bibliography div.collection div.collection { /* nested collection */ } div.short-bib-section { border: 1px solid black; padding: 10px; padding-top: 0; } div.full-bib-section div.bib-item { margin-bottom:25px; } /* the short format (selected works) */ div.short-bib-section div.bib-item { margin-bottom:5px; } /* numbered citations */ div.full-bib-section li { margin-bottom:10px; } div.short-bib-section li { margin-bottom:5px; list-style-type: none; Use this to turn off numbering } /* the abbreviated conference or journal title in the short format section */ div.short-bib-section .containertitle { font-style:italic; } /* The entire bibliographic item */ div.bib-item { display: block; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; position:static; } /* The buttons for BIB, RIS, etc. */ div.blinkitems { display:inline-block; text-align:left; width:15%; position:absolute; left:20px; } div.blink { display:inline-block; } div.blinkitems .bibshowhide { background: white; border: 2px solid grey; padding: 10px; z-index: 5; position: absolute; } .bib-item { position:relative; } .bib-venue { display:none; } div.bib-venue-short { display:none !important; /* not displaying it */ text-align:left; max-width:15%; position:absolute; left:20px; margin-top:-30px; color:black; padding: 0px 4px 0px 4px; font-size: 80%; font-variant: small-caps; background:#DDDDFF; /* border: 1px solid white; */ } div.bib-details{ text-align: left; display:inline-block; position:relative; left:18%; width:82%; } .bib-details .bib-extra { display: inline; font-weight:bold; } /* The actual BibTeX record (when visible) */ div.bib { font-family:Menlo,Courier,monospaced; color:brown; white-space: pre; } /* Citation (when visible) */ div.cite { width: 600px; } .blinkitems, .bib-venue, .bib-venue-short { } /* Text "bib", "abstract", and other buttons */ .blinkitems .blink a { /* font-variant: small-caps; */ text-transform: uppercase; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:80%; text-decoration: none; clear: both; padding:0; margin:0; } /* the .blink p style is a hack because Wordpress seems to insert

at times. */ .blink p { display:inline; } div.full-bib-section .blink a { margin-bottom:-30px; border: 1px solid #DDDDDD; background-color: #EEEEEE; padding:1px; } div.short-bib-section .blinkitems .blink a { display:inline-block; /* needed to make margin-top work (collapsed margins) */ margin-bottom:10px; } /* The actual abstract (when visible) */ div.abstract { color:black; margin:20px 60px 60px 10px; min-width: 450px; } /* Document titles */ .doctitle { font-weight:200; } /* Document titles linking to a PDF or somewhere else */ a.doctitle:link,a.doctitle:visited,a.doctitle,a.doctitle:hover,a.doctitle.active { color:blue; font-weight:200; text-decoration:none; /* do not underline */ } /* Document titles where shorted, e.g. "selected works" */ .doctitle-short { } /* Display publication titles in their own lines. Remove to disable. */ span.doctitle { display:block; } /* Search box */ #pubSearchButton { /* border: 0 solid #d4d0ba; */ font-family: inherit; padding: 0; } #pubSearchBox { position:static; text-align:right; right:10px; top:100px; display:block; } /* Categories at top of the bibliography */ /* Entire section */ #bib-preamble { ___background-color:#DDDDDD; padding: 10px; margin: 10px; } /* Block of items of the same kind */ .bib-cat { display: inline-block; list-style: none; text-indent: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; margin-right:30px; text-align:left; vertical-align:top; min-width:15%; } /* Single category */ .bib-cat li { display: block; } #bib-cat-year { max-width:20%; } #bib-cat-year li { display:block; /* inline */ } #bib-cat-venue_short { display:block; margin-top:20px; } #bib-cat-venue_short li { display:inline; margin-left: 10px; } .bib-cat span.cat_count { font-style:italic; opacity: 0.5; } ================================================ FILE: demo/style4.css ================================================ #pubSearchButton { border: 0 solid #d4d0ba; font-family: inherit; padding: 0; } #pubSearchBox { position:absolute; right:10px; top:100px; display:block; } .bib-cat { list-style: none; text-indent: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; margin-right: 300px; } .bib-cat li { display: inline; } .bib-cat li:after { content: " | "; } .bib-cat li:last-child:after { content: "" } #bib-preamble { margin-left:50px; } #bib-cat-year:before, #bib-cat-type:before, #bib-cat-collection:before { /* font-weight: bold; */ font-style: italic; display:inline-block; margin-left: -50px; width: 50px; padding: 0; margin-right:0px; } #bib-cat-year:before { content: "Year"; } #bib-cat-type:before { content: "Type"; } #bib-cat-collection:before { content: "Topic"; } #bib-cat-keyword:before { content: "Keywords"; } #bib-cat-type { font-style:italic; } /* The entire bibliographic item */ div.bib-item { font-family:Arial,sans-serif; font-size:80%; margin-top:20px; } /* The actual BibTeX record (when visible) */ div.bib { font-family:Menlo,Courier,monospaced; color:brown; padding-left:30px; padding-bottom:10px; } /* Text "bib" or "abstract" */ .blink a { font-variant: small-caps; xxxdisplay:inline-block; clear: both; padding:0; margin:0; margin-bottom:-30px; } /* The actual abstract (when visible) */ div.abstract { color:black; padding-left:30px; padding-bottom:10px; } /* Document titles */ .doctitle { font-weight:700; } /* Document titles linking to a PDF or somewhere else */ a.doctitle:link,a.doctitle:visited,a.doctitle,a.doctitle:hover,a.doctitle.active { color:blue; font-weight:700; } body { color: #141412; line-height: 1.5; margin: 20px; } a { color: #ca3c08; text-decoration: none; } a:visited { color: #ac0404; } a:focus { outline: thin dotted; } a:active, a:hover { color: #ea9629; outline: 0; } a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { clear: both; font-family: Bitter, Georgia, serif; line-height: 1.3; } h1 { font-size: 48px; margin: 33px 0; } h2 { font-size: 30px; margin: 25px 0; } h3 { font-size: 22px; margin: 22px 0; } h4 { font-size: 20px; margin: 25px 0; } h5 { font-size: 18px; margin: 30px 0; } h6 { font-size: 16px; margin: 36px 0; } html, button, input, select, textarea { font-family: "Source Sans Pro", Helvetica, sans-serif; } ================================================ FILE: make-demo.sh ================================================ #!/bin/sh ./zot.py --settings demo/settings1.py ./zot.py --settings demo/settings2.py ./zot.py --settings demo/settings3.py ./zot.py --settings demo/settings4.py ================================================ FILE: make-doc/Makefile ================================================ # Minimal makefile for Sphinx documentation # # You can set these variables from the command line. SPHINXOPTS = SPHINXBUILD = python3 -msphinx SPHINXPROJ = Zot_Bib_Web SOURCEDIR = . BUILDDIR = _build # Put it first so that "make" without argument is like "make help". help: @$(SPHINXBUILD) -M help "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O) .PHONY: help Makefile # Catch-all target: route all unknown targets to Sphinx using the new # "make mode" option. $(O) is meant as a shortcut for $(SPHINXOPTS). %: Makefile @$(SPHINXBUILD) -M $@ "$(SOURCEDIR)" "$(BUILDDIR)" $(SPHINXOPTS) $(O) ================================================ FILE: make-doc/conf.py ================================================ # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # # Zot_Bib_Web documentation build configuration file, created by # sphinx-quickstart on Mon May 29 12:39:07 2017. # # This file is execfile()d with the current directory set to its # containing dir. # # Note that not all possible configuration values are present in this # autogenerated file. # # All configuration values have a default; values that are commented out # serve to show the default. # If extensions (or modules to document with autodoc) are in another directory, # add these directories to sys.path here. If the directory is relative to the # documentation root, use os.path.abspath to make it absolute, like shown here. # import os import sys sys.path.insert(0, os.path.abspath('..')) autodoc_mock_imports = ['pyzotero', 'zotero'] # If true, the current module name will be prepended to all description # unit titles (such as .. function::). add_module_names = False # -- General configuration ------------------------------------------------ # If your documentation needs a minimal Sphinx version, state it here. # # needs_sphinx = '1.0' # Add any Sphinx extension module names here, as strings. They can be # extensions coming with Sphinx (named 'sphinx.ext.*') or your custom # ones. extensions = ['sphinx.ext.autodoc', 'sphinxarg.ext', 'sphinx.ext.napoleon'] # Add any paths that contain templates here, relative to this directory. templates_path = ['_templates'] # The suffix(es) of source filenames. # You can specify multiple suffix as a list of string: # # source_suffix = ['.rst', '.md'] source_suffix = '.rst' # The master toctree document. master_doc = 'index' # General information about the project. project = u'Zot_Bib_Web' copyright = u'2017, David Reitter' author = u'David Reitter' # The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for # |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the # built documents. from zot import __version__ as zotversion # The short X.Y version. version = u'%s'%zotversion # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags. release = version # The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation # for a list of supported languages. # # This is also used if you do content translation via gettext catalogs. # Usually you set "language" from the command line for these cases. language = None # List of patterns, relative to source directory, that match files and # directories to ignore when looking for source files. # This patterns also effect to html_static_path and html_extra_path exclude_patterns = ['_build', 'Thumbs.db', '.DS_Store'] # The name of the Pygments (syntax highlighting) style to use. pygments_style = 'sphinx' # If true, `todo` and `todoList` produce output, else they produce nothing. todo_include_todos = False # -- Options for HTML output ---------------------------------------------- # The theme to use for HTML and HTML Help pages. See the documentation for # a list of builtin themes. # html_theme = 'default' RTD_NEW_THEME = True # Theme options are theme-specific and customize the look and feel of a theme # further. For a list of options available for each theme, see the # documentation. # # html_theme_options = {} # Add any paths that contain custom static files (such as style sheets) here, # relative to this directory. They are copied after the builtin static files, # so a file named "default.css" will overwrite the builtin "default.css". # html_static_path = ['_static'] # -- Options for HTMLHelp output ------------------------------------------ # Output file base name for HTML help builder. htmlhelp_basename = 'Zot_Bib_Webdoc' # -- Options for LaTeX output --------------------------------------------- latex_elements = { # The paper size ('letterpaper' or 'a4paper'). # # 'papersize': 'letterpaper', # The font size ('10pt', '11pt' or '12pt'). # # 'pointsize': '10pt', # Additional stuff for the LaTeX preamble. # # 'preamble': '', # Latex figure (float) alignment # # 'figure_align': 'htbp', } # Grouping the document tree into LaTeX files. List of tuples # (source start file, target name, title, # author, documentclass [howto, manual, or own class]). latex_documents = [ (master_doc, 'Zot_Bib_Web.tex', u'Zot\\_Bib\\_Web Documentation', u'David Reitter', 'manual'), ] # -- Options for manual page output --------------------------------------- # One entry per manual page. List of tuples # (source start file, name, description, authors, manual section). man_pages = [ (master_doc, 'zot_bib_web', u'Zot_Bib_Web Documentation', [author], 1) ] # -- Options for Texinfo output ------------------------------------------- # Grouping the document tree into Texinfo files. List of tuples # (source start file, target name, title, author, # dir menu entry, description, category) texinfo_documents = [ (master_doc, 'Zot_Bib_Web', u'Zot_Bib_Web Documentation', author, 'Zot_Bib_Web', 'One line description of project.', 'Miscellaneous'), ] ================================================ FILE: make-doc/index.rst ================================================ .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 3 :caption: Contents: .. image:: screenshot.png :width: 300 .. include:: ../README.rst Running the zot.py program ================================ .. py:module:: zot .. argparse:: :module: zot :func: make_arg_parser :prog: Zot_Bib_Web Settings files ======================================= The default name for a settings file is `settings.py`, but any settings file may be loaded using the `--settings` arguments. See `settings_example.py` for an example explanations. .. automodule:: zot :members: :undoc-members: zot Indices and tables ======================================= * :ref:`genindex` * :ref:`search` ================================================ FILE: make-doc/requirements.txt ================================================ Sphinx==1.6.2 sphinx-argparse==0.2.0 sphinxcontrib-websupport==1.0.1 ================================================ FILE: push.py ================================================ #!/usr/bin/env python # This tool updates a given Page on your Wordpress site with # a bibliography produced by zot_bib_web. # insert into your page where you would like the # bibliography to be inserted. # COLLID1 is the ID (hex, 8 digits) of the top-level collection. # All sub-collections to this will be rendered. # To use a more complex configuration, define settings.py. # (C) 2013, 2017 David Reitter, The Pennsylvania State University # Released under the GNU General Public License, V.3 or later. ############################################################################# def noop(*args,**kwargs): pass def push_wordpress(url, blogID, user, password, postID): global wp_url, wp_username, wp_password, wp_blogid, post_id wp_url = url wp_username = user wp_password = password wp_blogid = blogID post_id = postID ############################################################################# # Configuration example # push_wordpress(url='https://example.com/wp/xmlrpc.php', blogID=0, user='pubpushername', password='pass', postID=200) # If no collection is given, we read from what is specified as outfile in settings.py, or fro mzotero-bib.html try: import __builtin__ except ImportError: # Python 3 import builtins as __builtin__ __builtin__.shortcut = noop __builtin__.user_collection = noop __builtin__.group_collection = noop __builtin__.exclude_collection = noop __builtin__.rename_collection = noop __builtin__.exclude_items = noop __builtin__.push_wordpress = push_wordpress try: from settings import * except ImportError: pass ############################################################################# import datetime, xmlrpclib import codecs import sys status = 'publish' server = xmlrpclib.ServerProxy(wp_url) from subprocess import call def get_bibliography (coll): global outputfile if coll: outputfile = 'zotero-bib.html' # to do: why call as a sub-process when we can just import it? call(["./zot.py", coll, '-o', outputfile, '--div']) if outputfile: file = codecs.open(outputfile, "r", "utf-8") if file: return file.read() return "" # let's get the rawpost = server.wp.getPost(wp_blogid, wp_username, wp_password, post_id) import re m = re.match(r'(.*)()(.*)', rawpost['post_content'], re.DOTALL|re.IGNORECASE) if m: newpost = m.group(1) + m.group(2) coll = m.group(3) # catchall = m.group(4) (legacy - ignored) contents = get_bibliography(coll) if contents: newpost += contents + "\n" m2 = re.match(r'.*(.*)', m.group(5), re.DOTALL|re.IGNORECASE) if m2: newpost += m2.group(1) else: newpost += m.group(5) # all of the remainder if rawpost['post_content'].strip() == newpost.strip(): print("Content unchanged") else: data = { 'post_content' : newpost} post_id = server.wp.editPost(wp_blogid, wp_username, wp_password, post_id, data) print "post update ", if post_id: print "successful." else: print "NOT successful." sys.exit(1) else: print "No shortcode found in post %s."%post_id print " Need or or " ================================================ FILE: settings_example.py ================================================ #!/usr/bin/env python # coding: utf-8 ## settings.example.py ## You must configure the authentication settings and one collection key. verbosity = 0 # Print more or less output during execution # -2: print errors # -1: print warnings and errors # 0: print progress information, warnings and errors # 1: print log information and everything else. #### AUTHENTICATION AND COLLECTIONS ###################################### group_collection(160464, collection='MGID93AS') # user_collection(id='1366640', api_key='Y4oUU2c7P1nQWNPO3hvuEwzP') # group_collection(id, api_key=None, collection=None, top_level=False) # user_collection(id, api_key=None, collection=None, top_level=False) # # Use group_collection for a group library, user_collection for a # (private) user library. # ID specifies the group or user ID. # # You may find your user ID for the library_id setting under # "Settings -> Feeds/API": # https://www.zotero.org/settings/keys # # You may find your library ID by selecting the group on the Zotero # website, and then choose "Group Settings". The URL in your browser # window will then show you a six-digit number, # e.g., .../groups/110233/settings # # api_key # The secret key provided by Zotero. # If you want to retrieve non-public data from Zotero, you'll need a # Zotero account (or group) at zotero.org. Log into your account, # access the Settings page on the Zotero site and create an private # API key (under "Settings -> Feeds/API"). For the key, check # "Allow library access". This key is used in the api_key setting. # # collection # ID of the top-level collection to be included. # All sub-collections under this collection will be imported. # If not given (None), all available collections will be included. # # top_level # If true, then the collection given be included as a level. # Otherwise (default, False), sub-collections and items will be # included directly. #### COLLECTIONS TO BE RENDERED ########################################## # In your library, you may create a collection, for example, "website". # Within it, create titled sub-collections, like so: # toRead # thesis # website # 10 Selected Works # 20 Journal Articles # 30 Conference Proceedings # 40 Theses # Now, find the IDs of the top-level collection called "website". # When you click on it on the Zotero website, your browser will show you # an alphanumeric key in the URL, e.g., items/collectionKey/FCQM2AY6. # The portion 'FCQM2AY6' is what you would use in 'collection' for # the user_collection or group_collection directives. # To cause zot_bib_web to format a sub-collection in special ways, you # may add some statements here. For these statements, supply either # the name (title) or the key associated with a collection. # exclude_collection (C) # Remove sub-collection C. # rename_collection (C, N) # Rename collection C to N. # This may be used to merge collections by giving them the same name. # hidden_collection (C) # Hide sub-collection C. We still add a shortcut at the top # to unhide its contents if they are available elsewhere. # You may also use a '-' before the name of the collection in the library. # short_collection (C) # Short mode. This sub-collection will be shown using titles, # journal and years only, which can then be expanded. Journal or # conference titles can be kept short. Specify the "journal abbr or # "conference title" fields, or a short "note" if necessary. You may # want to copy bibliographic items from other parts of the bibliography # into this sub-collection. # You may also use a '*' before the name of the collection in the library. short_collection("Selected Works") # featured_collection (C) # Feature this: Extract this sub-collection and show at the beginning of # the bibliography, regardless of whether the rest of the bibliography is # sorted by, e.g., year, and ignores the collections otherwise. In the # collection shown below, it prevents "in review" articles to show up as # regular journal articles (which might give the impression you're # taking credit for not-yet-reviewed/published material!) # You may also use a '!' before the name of the collection in the library. featured_collection("Selected Works") # misc_collection (C) # Show the items in this collection, but exclude those items that # are already included in another regular collection. A regular # collection is one that is not hidden, not short, and not featured. # This is useful to add a "Miscellaneous" category at the end for # additional items without duplicating anything. # You may also use a '&' before the name of the collection in the library. misc_collection("Miscellaneous") #### SPECIAL OPTIONS: STYLE ############################################## # Special settings - configure only if needed. # The sort_criteria determine the structure of the bibliography. # Allowable values: 'type' (category of pub., e.g., journal article), # 'date' (full date) # 'year' (year of publication) # 'collection' (the subcollection the article is placed in). # Collection works best at the beginning of the list. # add - in front of the field name to sort in descending order # (e.g., -date will show the newest entries first). # sort_criteria = ['collection','-date'] # collection, then by date. sort_criteria = ['type','-date'] # by type, then by date ("issued"). #sort_criteria = ['-year','type'] # Ordered by year, then type. titlestring = 'Bibliography' """ bibliography title """ show_top_section_headings = True """ show section headings for the primary search criterion""" bib_style = 'apa' """ bibliography style format (e.g., 'apa' or 'mla') - Any valid CSL style in the Zotero style repository""" #### SPECIAL OPTIONS: HTML AND FILE CONFIGURATION ######################## # Special settings - configure only if needed. write_full_html_header = True # False to not output HTML headers. # In this case, expect a file in UTF-8 encoding. stylesheet_url = "site/style.css" # If set and write_full_html_header is True, # link to this style sheet (a URL) outputfile = 'zotero-bib.html' # relative or absolute path name of output file show_search_box = True # show a Javascript/JQuery based search box to filter pubs by keyword. # Must define jquery_path. jquery_path = "site/jquery.min.js" # path to jquery file on the server # jquery_path = "../wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js" # wordpress location # Show categories at the top of the bibliography for quick filtering # 'collection', 'type', 'year', 'venue', 'venue_short', or 'tags' show_shortcuts = ['collection'] # To add specific rather than all available values for a field, use the # shortcut function as follows. # Note that for year, we support ranges. # In the following, we tell the program # to display despific entries for "year": show_shortcuts += [shortcut('year', [2017,2016,2015,2014,2013, "2008-2012","2005-2008","-2004"])] # Show the venues (conferences, journals) where we've published. # the "shortcut" function offers some options: # sortDir="asc" or "desc" instructs the program to sort the entries. # (Default is automatic.) # sortBy indicates that we'd like to sort by how many items there are # in each category # (Default is to sort by name. 'count' is the only other value possible # at this time.) # topN says to display only the 5 biggest categories. # If there are several categories ranked 5, we're showing all of them. # E.g. topN=3 shows: WIFN(8) FJJ(8) CLAM(5) CLEE(5) # (Default is to show all for which bibliographic entries exist in the data.) show_shortcuts += [shortcut('venue_short', sortDir='desc', sortBy='count', topN=5)] # To add arbitrary search terms: show_shortcuts += [shortcut('keyword', values=["model", "language", "entropy"])] # define some search terms number_bib_items = False # show bibliographic items as numbered, ordered list show_copy_button = True # show clipbaord copy button. Must define jquery_path. clipboard_js_path = "site/clipboard.min.js" # path to file on server copy_button_path = "site/clippy.svg" # path to file on server # Attachments file_outputdir = 'files/' # Location to save attached files. file_output_path = "files/" # relative URL on server, corresponding to file_outputdir # unconditionally show these items if they are available for the item # (don't set to obtain defaults) # show_links = ['abstract', 'url', 'bib', 'wikipedia', # 'ris', 'cite.apa', 'file'] # # URL - the URL field for the item; button is displayed as # PDF/DOC/PS/LINK as detected. # file - each file associated with the item in the library. # Files are saved to file_outputdir and expected to appear # on the web server in file_output_path (which see) # Button is displayed as PDF/DOC/PS/LINK as detected. # RIS or EndNote - download of the file containing the bibliographic data # BIB - bibliographic data for LaTeX # Wikipedia - bibliographic data in Wikipedia format # Abstract - the abstract # cite.APA - Citation in APA format # cite.MLA - Citation in MLA format # cite. - Citation in format (as supported by Zotero) # omit_COinS = False # True to omit COINS metadata; useful to save space, but not recommended. # no_cache = True # True means do not use cache; # retrieve items from Zotero database every time (slow) # smart_selections = True # Prevent viewers from selecting "bib", "pdf" etc # for easier copy/paste of bibliography # (don't set to obtain default, which is True) # Output in this language language_code = 'en' # Define labels for article types and their ordering # types may occur in libraryCatalog or itemType # use libraryCatalog to override it in special cases # (e.g., archival Conference papers) # sortkeyname_order['en']['type'] = [('journalArticle', 'Journal Articles'), # ('archivalConferencePaper', 'Archival Conference Papers'), # ('conferencePaper', 'Conference and Workshop Papers'), # ('book','Books'), # ('bookSection', 'Book Chapters'), # ('edited-volume', "Edited Volumes"), # ('thesis', 'Theses'), # ('report', 'Tech Reports'), # ('attachment', 'Document'), # ('webpage', 'Web Site'), # ('presentation', 'Talks')] # Translations for links # Provide additional languages like so: # link_translations['de'] = {'abstract':'Abstrakt', 'pdf':'Volltext'} #### SPECIAL OPTIONS: WORDPRESS ############################## # Special settings - configure only if needed. # These settings are used by push.py push_wordpress(url='https://example.com/wp/xmlrpc.php', blogID=0, user='pubpushername', password='pass', postID=200) infile = "zotero-bib.html" ================================================ FILE: site/style.css ================================================ /* latin-ext */ @font-face { font-family: 'Lato'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; src: local('Lato Regular'), local('Lato-Regular'), url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/8qcEw_nrk_5HEcCpYdJu8BTbgVql8nDJpwnrE27mub0.woff2) format('woff2'); unicode-range: U+0100-024F, U+1E00-1EFF, U+20A0-20AB, U+20AD-20CF, U+2C60-2C7F, U+A720-A7FF; } /* latin */ @font-face { font-family: 'Lato'; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; src: local('Lato Regular'), local('Lato-Regular'), url(http://fonts.gstatic.com/s/lato/v13/MDadn8DQ_3oT6kvnUq_2r_esZW2xOQ-xsNqO47m55DA.woff2) format('woff2'); unicode-range: U+0000-00FF, U+0131, U+0152-0153, U+02C6, U+02DA, U+02DC, U+2000-206F, U+2074, U+20AC, U+2212, U+2215; } /* The bibliography */ div.bibliography { font-family: Lato; /* font-family:'Lato',Arial,Geneva, sans-serif; */ font-weight:300; line-height:1.4em; } @media print { #bib-preamble {display:none !important;} } /* Collection titles */ div.bibliography h1, div.bibliography h2, div.bibliography h3, div.bibliography h4 { font-family:Century Gothic,Times New Roman,Optima,sans-serif; font-weight:1000; color:Gray; } /* Search term highlighted */ #searchTermSectionTitle, #searchTermSectionTitle a { color:DarkGreen; } /* Collections */ div.bibliography div.collection { } div.bibliography div.collection div.collection { /* nested collection */ } /* The entire bibliographic item */ div.bib-item { } div.full-bib-section div.bib-item { margin-bottom:25px; } /* the short format (selected works) */ div.short-bib-section div.bib-item { margin-bottom:5px; } /* numbered citations */ div.full-bib-section li { margin-bottom:10px; } div.short-bib-section li { margin-bottom:5px; /* list-style-type: none; */ /* Use this to turn off numbering */ } /* the abbreviated conference or journal title in the short format section */ div.short-bib-section .containertitle { font-style:italic; } /* details (e.g., collection, editors, years, pages, etc.) of a bib item */ div.bib-details{ } /* Rendering the "extra" field */ div.bib-details div.bib-extra { display: inline; font-weight: bold; } /* Venue, where published (e.g., proceedings title, journal */ div.bib-item div.bib-venue { display:none; } /* Short venue (e.g., conference acronym, journal abbreviation) Is hidden by default. CSS specificity is used to override default. */ div.bib-item div.bib-venue-short { display:none; /* change to block or inline to display */ /* See demo/style3.css for an example on formatting this. */ } /* Citation (when visible) */ div.cite { width: 600px; } /* The actual BibTeX record (when visible) */ div.bib { font-family:Menlo,Courier,monospaced; color:brown; white-space: pre-wrap; } /* Text "bib", "abstract", and other buttons */ .blinkitems .blink a { font-variant: small-caps; font-family:Arial,sans-serif; text-decoration: none; clear: both; padding:0; margin:0; } /* Show/hide area */ div.blinkitems .bibshowhide { background: white; padding: 20px; margin-left:40px; z-index: 5; position: absolute; width: 600px; } /* grey border inside the white padding */ div.blinkitems .bibshowhide:before { content: " "; position: absolute; z-index: -1; top: 5px; left: 5px; right: 5px; bottom: 5px; border: 2px solid grey; } /* the .blink p style is a hack because Wordpress seems to insert

at times. */ .blink p { display:inline; } div.full-bib-section .blinkitems .blink { margin-bottom:-30px; font-size:80%; } div.short-bib-section .blinkitems .blink { display:inline-block; /* needed to make margin-top work (collapsed margins) */ margin-bottom:10px; font-size:80%; } /* The actual abstract (when visible) */ div.abstract { color:black; line-height:120%; font-size:120%; } /* Document titles */ .doctitle { font-weight:200; } /* Document titles linking to a PDF or somewhere else */ a.doctitle:link,a.doctitle:visited,a.doctitle,a.doctitle:hover,a.doctitle.active { color:blue; font-weight:200; text-decoration:none; /* do not underline */ } /* Document titles where shorted, e.g. "selected works" */ .doctitle-short { } /* Display publication titles in their own lines. Remove to disable. */ span.doctitle { display:block; } /* Search box */ #pubSearchButton { /* border: 0 solid #d4d0ba; */ font-family: inherit; padding: 0; } #pubSearchBox { position:static; text-align:right; right:10px; top:100px; display:block; } /* Categories at top of the bibliography */ .bib-cat { display: inline; list-style: none; text-indent: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0; } .bib-cat li { display: inline; } .bib-cat:not(:first-child):before, .bib-cat li:not(:last-child):after { content: " | "; } ================================================ FILE: texconv.py ================================================ # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # provides tex2unicode and unicode2tex ################################################################ # LaTeX accents replacement latexAccents = [ ( u"à", "\\`a" ), # Grave accents ( u"è", "\\`e" ), ( u"ì", "\\`\\i" ), ( u"ò", "\\`o" ), ( u"ù", "\\`u" ), ( u"ỳ", "\\`y" ), ( u"À", "\\`A" ), ( u"È", "\\`E" ), ( u"Ì", "\\`\\I" ), ( u"Ò", "\\`O" ), ( u"Ù", "\\`U" ), ( u"Ỳ", "\\`Y" ), ( u"á", "\\'a" ), # Acute accents ( u"é", "\\'e" ), ( u"í", "\\'\\i" ), ( u"ó", "\\'o" ), ( u"ú", "\\'u" ), ( u"ý", "\\'y" ), ( u"Á", "\\'A" ), ( u"É", "\\'E" ), ( u"Í", "\\'\\I" ), ( u"Ó", "\\'O" ), ( u"Ú", "\\'U" ), ( u"Ý", "\\'Y" ), ( u"â", "\\^a" ), # Circumflex ( u"ê", "\\^e" ), ( u"î", "\\^\\i" ), ( u"ô", "\\^o" ), ( u"û", "\\^u" ), ( u"ŷ", "\\^y" ), ( u"Â", "\\^A" ), ( u"Ê", "\\^E" ), ( u"Î", "\\^\\I" ), ( u"Ô", "\\^O" ), ( u"Û", "\\^U" ), ( u"Ŷ", "\\^Y" ), ( u"ä", "\\\"a" ), # Umlaut or dieresis ( u"ë", "\\\"e" ), ( u"ï", "\\\"\\i" ), ( u"ö", "\\\"o" ), ( u"ü", "\\\"u" ), ( u"ÿ", "\\\"y" ), ( u"Ä", "\\\"A" ), ( u"Ë", "\\\"E" ), ( u"Ï", "\\\"\\I" ), ( u"Ö", "\\\"O" ), ( u"Ü", "\\\"U" ), ( u"Ÿ", "\\\"Y" ), ( u"ç", "\\c{c}" ), # Cedilla ( u"Ç", "\\c{C}" ), ( u"œ", "{\\oe}" ), # Ligatures ( u"Œ", "{\\OE}" ), ( u"æ", "{\\ae}" ), ( u"Æ", "{\\AE}" ), ( u"å", "{\\aa}" ), ( u"Å", "{\\AA}" ), ( u"–", "--" ), # Dashes ( u"—", "---" ), ( u"ø", "{\\o}" ), # Misc latin-1 letters ( u"Ø", "{\\O}" ), ( u"ß", "{\\ss}" ), ( u"¡", "{!`}" ), ( u"¿", "{?`}" ), ( u"\\", "\\\\" ), # Characters that should be quoted ( u"~", "\\~" ), ( u"&", "\\&" ), ( u"$", "\\$" ), ( u"{", "\\{" ), ( u"}", "\\}" ), ( u"%", "\\%" ), ( u"#", "\\#" ), ( u"_", "\\_" ), ( u"©", "\copyright" ), # Misc ( u"ı", "{\\i}" ), ( u"‘", "`" ), #Quotes ( u"’", "'" ), ( u"“", "``" ), ( u"”", "''" ), ( u"‚", "," ), ( u"„", ",," ), ( u"", ",," ) ] mathModeLaTeX = [ ( u'≥', '\\ge' ), # Math operators ( u'≤', '\\le' ), ( u'≠', '\\neq' ), ( u'µ', '\\mu' ), ( u'°', '\\deg' ), ( u'α', '\\alpha' ), ( u'β', '\\beta' ), ( u'γ', '\\gamma' ), ( u'δ', '\\delta' ), ( u'ϵ', '\\epsilon' ), ( u'ζ', '\\zeta' ), ( u'η', '\\eta' ), ( u'θ', '\\theta' ), ( u'ι', '\\iota' ), ( u'κ', '\\kappa' ), ( u'λ', '\\lambda' ), ( u'μ', '\\mu' ), ( u'ν', '\\nu' ), ( u'ξ', '\\xi' ), ( u'π', '\\pi' ), ( u'ρ', '\\rho' ), ( u'σ', '\\sigma' ), ( u'τ', '\\tau' ), ( u'υ', '\\upsilon' ), ( u'ϕ', '\\phi' ), ( u'χ', '\\chi' ), ( u'ψ', '\\psi' ), ( u'ω', '\\omega' ), ( u'A', '\\Alpha' ), ( u'B', '\\Beta' ), ( u'Γ', '\\Gamma' ), ( u'Δ', '\\Delta' ), ( u'E', '\\Epsilon' ), ( u'Ζ', '\\Zeta' ), ( u'Η', '\\Eta' ), ( u'Θ', '\\Theta' ), ( u'Ι', '\\Iota' ), ( u'Κ', '\\Kappa' ), ( u'Λ', '\\Lambda' ), ( u'Μ', '\\Mu' ), ( u'Ν', '\\Nu' ), ( u'Ξ', '\\Xi' ), ( u'Π', '\\Pi' ), ( u'Ρ', '\\Rho' ), ( u'Σ', '\\Sigma' ), ( u'Τ', '\\Tau' ), ( u'ϒ', '\\Upsilon' ), ( u'Φ', '\\Phi' ), ( u'X', '\\Chi' ), ( u'Ψ', '\\Psi' ), ( u'Ω', '\\Omega') ] def addDollar(list): return [u"$%s$"%x for x in list] latexAccentsDict = dict(latexAccents) latexAccentsDictR = dict (zip(latexAccentsDict.values(),latexAccentsDict.keys())) tmp = dict(mathModeLaTeX) mathModeLaTeXDictR = dict (zip(tmp.values(),tmp.keys())) mathModeLaTeXDictR["$"] = "" # just kill all inline math mathModeLaTeXDict = dict(mathModeLaTeX) mathModeLaTeXDict = dict (zip(mathModeLaTeXDict.keys(), addDollar(mathModeLaTeXDict.values()))) def string_replace(dct,text): keys = dct.keys() for n in keys: # if '%' not in text: break text = text.replace(n,dct[n]) return text def tex2unicode(s): s= string_replace(latexAccentsDictR, s) s= string_replace(mathModeLaTeXDictR, s) return s def unicode2tex(s): s= string_replace(latexAccentsDict, s) s= string_replace(mathModeLaTeXDict, s) return s ================================================ FILE: zot.py ================================================ #!/usr/bin/env python # coding: utf-8 """Add a fast, interactive Zotero bibiography to your website. This tool will retrieve a set of collections and format an interactive bibliography in HTML5. The bibliography contains BibTeX records and abstracts that can be revealed upon clicking. The output is ready to be included in other websites (there are options), and it can be easily styles using CSS (see style.css). The primary way to configure a web bibliography is via a settings file. The file settings.py is loaded by default, if present. See settings_example.py for documentation. Latest versions: https://github.com/davidswelt/zot_bib_web Documentation: http://zot-bib-web.readthedocs.io (C) 2014,2015,2016,2017,2019 David Reitter Released under the GNU General Public License, V.3 or later. For usage, see: zot.py --help """ # zot_bib_web from __future__ import print_function from __future__ import unicode_literals ############################################################################# # See settings_example.py for configuration information # Create settings.py to supply your configuration. # The following items are defaults. verbosity = 0 #: How much diagnostic output to print titlestring = 'Bibliography' #: The title shown for the bibliography document bib_style = 'apa' #: Style. 'apa', 'mla', or any other style known to Zotero write_full_html_header = True #: If True, a standalone HTML file is written (default). stylesheet_url = "site/style.css" #: URL to the style file on the web server. outputfile = 'zotero-bib.html' #: The resulting HTML document will be in this file. file_outputdir = '' #: Directory used for attachments that come with the bibliography items. file_output_path = "" #: URL to the directory for attachments when on the server. jquery_path = "site/jquery.min.js" #: URL to jQuery on the server # jquery_path = "../wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js" # wordpress location number_bib_items = False #: If True, enumerate bibliographic items within a category as a list. show_copy_button = True #: If True, show a button that copies text to clipboard. clipboard_js_path = "site/clipboard.min.js" #: URL to Clipboard.min.js on the server. copy_button_path = "site/clippy.svg" #: URL to clippy.svg on the server. show_search_box = True #: Show a search box #: List of shortcuts. #: Permissible values include the strings ``'collection', 'year', 'type', 'venue', and 'venue_short'``, #: or objects made with the function :func:`shortcut`. show_shortcuts = ['collection'] #: List of Links. #: Possible values: ``'abstract', 'url', 'BIB', 'Wikipedia', 'EndNote', 'RIS', 'MLA', 'Cite.MLA', 'Cite.APA', 'Cite.' script_html = '' jqready = '' jqready += "jQuery('.blink a').click(showThis);" if show_copy_button: if jquery_path and clipboard_js_path and copy_button_path: script_html += '' % clipboard_js_path jqready += """ jQuery("div.bib").add("div.cite").append('\\n'); new Clipboard('.btn',{ text: function(trigger) { var prevCol = trigger.parentNode.style.color; trigger.parentNode.style.color="grey"; setTimeout(function(){trigger.parentNode.style.color=prevCol;}, 200); return trigger.parentNode.childNodes[0].textContent;}});""" % copy_button_path else: warning("show_search_box set, but jquery_path, clipboard_js_path or copy_button_path undefined.") if smart_selections: jqready += """ jQuery(".bib-venue-short").each(function(){$(this).attr('data-before', $(this).html()); $(this).html("")}); jQuery(".blink a").each(function(){$(this).attr('data-before', $(this).html()); $(this).html("")}); """ if jquery_path: script_html += '' script_html += '""" credits_html = u'

A zot_bib_web bibliography.
' script_html = cleanup_lines(script_html) html_header = u'' html_footer = u'' if write_full_html_header: if stylesheet_url: style_html = u"" % stylesheet_url + style_html html_header += u'' % language_code + titlestring + u'' + style_html + u'' html_header += u'
' + script_html html_footer += credits_html + u'
' if titlestring: html_header += '

' + titlestring + "

\n"; html_footer += u'' else: html_header += u'
' + style_html + script_html html_footer += credits_html + u'
' search_box = "" if show_search_box or show_shortcuts: if jquery_path: search_box = '' if show_search_box: search_box += '

' if show_search_box or show_shortcuts: search_box += """""" else: warning("show_search_box or show_shortcut are set, but jquery_path undefined.") return html_header, search_box, html_footer try: from dateutil.parser import parse except ImportError: parse = False pass def parse_date(value): """Parse a date in English. Cheap substitute for dateutil.parser. Returns: a tuple of a sortable value and a year (int).""" value = re.sub(r'(\s|\.|st|nd|rd|th|,)', '-', value) value = value.replace('--', '-') year = value m = re.match(r'\s*(.*)\s*([0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9])\s*(.*)', value) if m: year = m.group(2) if not m.group(1) == '': # year not already at beginning of string? value = m.group(2) + '-' + m.group(1) + m.group(3) # rough approximation else: nums = re.split(r'[\s/\.]', value) if len(nums) > 1: value = "-".join(reversed(nums)) if len(nums) > 0: year = nums[0] for i, mo in enumerate(re.split(r' ', "Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec")): value = value.replace(mo, str(i + 1)) value = re.sub(r'\b([0-9])\b', r'0\1', value) value = re.sub(r'-$', '', value) return value, year SortAndValue = namedtuple('SortAndValue', ['sort', 'value']) def sortkeyname(field, value): global sortkeyname_dict # field may be a single field, or a list of fields # value corresponds to field sort_prefix = "" # value may be none (e.g., for venue) # In that case, we will resort to the default entry in sortkeyname if value and not is_string(value): # isinstance(value, list): # it's a path of something # sorting by all the numbers (if available). # e.g., 10.13, and displaying the last entry if 'collection' == field: return SortAndValue(u".".join([u"%s" % sortkeyname(field, value2).sort for value2 in value]), sortkeyname(field, value[-1]).value) else: return SortAndValue( u".".join([u"%s" % sortkeyname(field2, value2).sort for field2, value2 in zip(field, value)]), \ sortkeyname(field[-1], value[-1]).value) if field == "collection": if Coll.hideSectionTitle(value): sort_prefix, name, value = u"", u"", value else: name = Coll.findName(value) # value is an ID sort_prefix, _, value = collname_split(name) if field == "date": if parse: try: dt = parse(value, fuzzy=True) sort_prefix = dt.isoformat() value = str(dt.year) except ValueError: # dateutil couldn't do it sort_prefix, value = parse_date(value) else: sort_prefix, value = parse_date(value) if field in sortkeyname_dict: if value in sortkeyname_dict[field]: s, value = sortkeyname_dict[field][value] # this is (sort_number, label) sort_prefix = "%s" % s + " " + sort_prefix elif None in sortkeyname_dict[field]: # default for unknown values sort_prefix = "%s" % (sortkeyname_dict[field][None][0]) + " " + sort_prefix sort_prefix = sort_prefix or "" value = value or "" return SortAndValue(" ".join([sort_prefix, value.lower()]), value) # sort by value sort_reverse = [] def import_legacy_configuration(): global order_by global sort_criteria global sort_reverse global catchallcollection global show_links if library_id and library_type: if library_type == 'group': group_collection(library_id, api_key=api_key, collection=toplevelfilter, top_level=False) elif library_type == 'user': user_collection(library_id, api_key=api_key, collection=toplevelfilter, top_level=False) if catchallcollection: warn('catchallcollection setting no longer available. Ignoring.\n' 'Use & modifier for collection name (e.g., "& Miscellaneous") and,\n' 'if necessary, the new group_collection or user_collection statement, e.g.:\n' 'user_collection(library_id, collection = ["%s"])' % catchallcollection) if order_by: # set by user (legacy setting) sort_critera = ['collection', order_by] else: order_by = 'date' # find sort order for each criterion sort_reverse = [] for i, c in enumerate(sort_criteria): if c[0] == '-': sort_criteria[i] = c[1:] sort_reverse += [True] else: sort_reverse += [False] show_links = [i.lower() for i in show_links] def index_configuration(): global sortkeyname_order global sortkeyname_dict global language_code # Not using OrderedDict (Python 2.7), because it does not actually # indicate the index of an item by itself if not language_code in sortkeyname_order: language_code = 'en' # fallback - should be present. def enumerate_by_value(kv_list): "Enumerate items in a k,v list; identical values will have same numbers." # Users might reuse section titles and we want to sort within whole sections. count=0 d={} for k,v in kv_list: if v not in d: d[v] = count count += 1 yield d[v], k, v # use val as default if it is given as None sortkeyname_dict = { key: {val: ("%03d" % idx, mappedVal or val) for idx, val, mappedVal in enumerate_by_value(list(the_list))} for key, the_list in sortkeyname_order[language_code].items()} class ZotItem: __classversion__ = 7 def __init__(self, entries): self.__version__ = ZotItem.__classversion__ self.key = None self.creators = None self.event = None self.section_keyword = set() self.url = None self.collection = [] self.type = None self.date = None self.libraryCatalog = None # special setting, overrides u'itemType' for our purposes self.note = None self.journalAbbreviation = None self.conferenceName = None self.meetingName = None self.title = "" # client code expects title to be always set. self.publicationTitle = None self.shortTitle = None self.series = None self.extra = None self.uniqueID = None # will be set by detect_and_merge_doubles self.filename = None self.parentItem = None self.tags = [] self.__dict__.update(entries) # Will be set later - None is a good default self.bib = None self.ris = None self.html = None self.coins = None self.plain = None self.wikipedia = None self.saved_filename = None self.attachments = [] # populate calculated values self.year = self.getYear() # allow libraryCatalog to override itemType self.type = self.libraryCatalog or self.itemType def addAttachment(self, zotItem): self.attachments += [zotItem] def access(self, key, default=""): if key == 'year': if self.year: return str(self.year) if self.date: return self.date if key == 'venue': return self.venue() if key == 'venue_short': return self.venue_short() if key == 'tags': return self.getTags() if key in self.__dict__ and self.__dict__[key]: return self.__dict__[key] return default # default # raise RuntimeError("access: field %s not found."%key) def getYear(self): if self.date: m = re.search('[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]', self.date) if m: return int(m.group(0)) return None def venue(self): return self.publicationTitle or self.conferenceName def venue_short(self): def maybeshorten(txt): if txt: m = re.search(r'\(\s*([A-Za-z/]+(\-[A-Za-z]+)?)\s*\-?\s*[0-9]*\s*\)', txt) if m: return m.group(1) m = re.match(r'^([A-Za-z/]+(\-[A-Za-z]+)?)\s*\-?\s*[0-9]*$', txt) if m and len(m.group(1)) < 11: return m.group(1) if len(txt) < 11: return txt # return whole conference if short # print(pprint.pformat(self.__dict__)) return self.journalAbbreviation or maybeshorten(self.conferenceName) or maybeshorten( self.meetingName) or maybeshorten(self.publicationTitle) or maybeshorten(self.shortTitle) or maybeshorten( self.series) # or self.shortTitle or self.series def addSectionKeyword(self, s): if not s in self.section_keyword: self.section_keyword.add(s) def getTags(self): return [entry[u'tag'] for entry in self.tags] def write_bib(items, outfile): file = codecs.open(outfile, "w", "utf-8") for item in items: file.write(item) file.close() # Atom bib entry: # {u'publisher': u'Routledge Psychology Press', u'author': [{u'given': u'David', u'family': u'Reitter'}], u'collection-title': u'Frontiers of Cognitive Psychology', u'issued': {u'raw': u'January 2017'}, u'title': u'Alignment in Web-based Dialogue: Who Aligns, and how Automatic is it? Studies in Big-Data Computational Psycholinguistics', u'editor': [{u'given': u'Michael N.', u'family': u'Jones'}], u'container-title': u'Big Data in Cognitive Science', u'type': u'chapter', u'id': u'1217393/IVR7H8TD'} def format_bib(bib): return bib.replace("},", "},\n") def format_ris(bib): return bib.replace("\n", "\\n").replace("\r", "\\r") def extract_abstract(bib): m = re.match(r'(.*)abstract\s*=\s*{?(.*?)}\s*(,|})(.*)', bib, re.DOTALL | re.IGNORECASE) if m: a = m.group(2) b = m.group(1) + m.group(4) a = a.replace("{", "") a = a.replace("}", "") a = a.replace("\?&", "&") a = a.replace("&", "&") a = a.replace("<", "<") a = a.replace(">", ">") a = a.replace("\\textless", "<") a = a.replace("\\textgreater", ">") a = a.replace("\\textbar", "|") return tex2unicode(a), b return None, bib def write_some_html(body, outfile, html_header, html_footer, title=None): content = html_header if title: content += '

' + title + '

' content += body + html_footer if outfile=='-': sys.stdout.write(content.encode("utf-8")) log("Output written to stdout.") else: file = codecs.open(outfile, mode="w", encoding="utf-8") file.write(content) file.close() progress("Output written to %s." % outfile) def tryreplacing(source, strings, repl): for s in strings: if s in source: repl2 = repl.replace("\\0", s) return source.replace(s, repl2) r = flexible_html_regex(s) if re.search(r, source): repl2 = repl.replace("\\0", s) return re.sub(r, repl2, source) # warn("not successful: ", source, strings) return source def urlize(text): """ Convert any URLs in text into clickable links. Also turn any DOIs into links. """ mexp = r'(?<=[^"\'])(((?:https?|ftp)://)(?:\S+(?::\S*)?@)?(?:(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[01]\d|22[0-3])(?:\.(?:1?\d{1,2}|2[0-4]\d|25[0-5])){2}(?:\.(?:[1-9]\d?|1\d\d|2[0-4]\d|25[0-4]))|(?:(?:[a-z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]+-?)*[a-z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]+)(?:\.(?:[a-z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]+-?)*[a-z\u00a1-\uffff0-9]+)*(?:\.(?:[a-z\u00a1-\uffff]{2,})))(?::\d{2,5})?(?:/[^\s<]*)?)' doiexp = r'(doi:\s?(10\.\d{4,9}/[-._;()/:A-Z0-9]+|10.1002/[^\s]+|10.\d{4}/\d+-\d+X?(\d+)\d+<[\d\w]+:[\d\w]*>\d+.\d+.\w+;\d|10.1021/\w\w\d+|10.1207/[\w\d]+\&\d+_\d+))' text = re.sub(mexp, r'\1', text) text = re.sub(r'doi:doi', r'doi', text) # Cleanup of some common errors (in source data). text = re.sub(r'doi://', r'doi:', text) text = re.sub(doiexp, r'\1', text, flags=re.IGNORECASE) return text try: # python 2/3 compatibility basestring except NameError: basestring = str def is_string(s): return isinstance(s, basestring) def coll_data(c): if not (u'key' in c and u'name' in c) and u'data' in c: c = c[u'data'] return c def coll_key(c): if u'key' in c: return c[u'key'] return c[u'data'][u'key'] def coll_name(c): return coll_data(c)[u'name'] def collname_split(name): # returns sort_prefix,modifiers,value m = re.match(r'([0-9]*)([\s\*\-!\^\&]*)\s(.*)', name) if m: return m.group(1), m.group(2), m.group(3) return "", "", name # TODO(reitter): Use collection objects and collection path objects instead of key strings and lists thereof. class Coll: collection_info = {} @staticmethod def findName(key): return Coll.find(key).name # error out if unsuccessful! @staticmethod def find(key): if key in Coll.collection_info: return Coll.collection_info[key] return None @staticmethod def findSimilar(keyword): if keyword in Coll.collection_info: return [Coll.find(keyword)] sims = [] for k, c in Coll.collection_info.items(): if keyword == c.name or keyword == sortkeyname('collection', k).value: sims += [c] return sims @staticmethod def add(code, name, depth, parents, db): c = Coll(code, name, depth, parents, db) Coll.collection_info[code] = c return c @staticmethod def is_short_collection(section_code): "Show abbreviated entries for items in this collection" return Coll.is_special_collection(section_code, "*") # def is_exclusive_collection(section_code): # "Show items in this collection, and do not show them in regular collections" # return is_special_collection(section_code, "^") @staticmethod def is_featured_collection(section_code): """Regardless of sort_criteria, show this collection at the top of the bibliography""" return Coll.is_special_collection(section_code, "!") @staticmethod def is_hidden_collection(section_code): "Hide items in this collection." return Coll.is_special_collection(section_code, "-") @staticmethod def is_misc_collection(section_code): "Show only those items in this collection that are not contained elsewhere" return Coll.is_special_collection(section_code, "&") @staticmethod def is_regular_collection(s): "Regular collection: not featured, short, hidden or misc" return not (Coll.is_short_collection(s) or Coll.is_featured_collection(s) or Coll.is_hidden_collection(s) or Coll.is_misc_collection(s)) @staticmethod def is_special_collection(section_code, special): if not is_string(section_code): return any([Coll.is_special_collection(x, special) for x in section_code]) c = Coll.find(section_code) if c: # it's a collection key return special in c.specials or special in collname_split(c.name)[1] # if it's not a section key, then it doesn't indicate a short section return False @staticmethod def get_featured_collections(section_code): return filter(lambda x: Coll.is_featured_collection(x), section_code) @staticmethod def hideSectionTitle(section_code): c = Coll.find(section_code) if c: # it's a collection key return c.hideSectionTitle return False def __init__(self, key, name, depth, parents, db): self.key = key self.name = name self.depth = depth self.parents = parents self.db = db self.hideSectionTitle = False self.specials = "" def strip(string): stripped = string.lstrip("0123456789*!- ") if stripped == "": return string return stripped def last(string_or_list): if not is_string(string_or_list): return string_or_list[-1] return string_or_list def js_strings(string_or_list): if is_string(string_or_list): return '"%s"' % string_or_list return ",".join(map(js_strings, string_or_list)) include_collections = [] item_filters = [] def user_collection(id, api_key=None, collection=None, top_level=False): """Include collection from a user library in Zotero. See :func:`group_collection`.""" global include_collections include_collections += [('load', DBInstance.create(id, 'user', api_key), collection, top_level)] def group_collection(id, api_key=None, collection=None, top_level=False): """Include collection from a group library in Zotero. Use :func:`group_collection` for a group library, :func:`user_collection` for a (private) user library. ID specifies the group or user ID. You may find your user ID for the library_id setting under "Settings -> Feeds/API": https://www.zotero.org/settings/keys You may find your library ID by selecting the group on the Zotero website, and then choose "Group Settings". The URL in your browser window will then show you a six-digit number, e.g., .../groups/110233/settings Args: api_key (str): The secret key provided by Zotero. If you want to retrieve non-public data from Zotero, you'll need a Zotero account (or group) at zotero.org. Log into your account, access the Settings page on the Zotero site and create an private API key (under "Settings -> Feeds/API"). For the key, check "Allow library access". This key is used in the api_key setting. collection (str): ID of the top-level collection to be included. All sub-collections under this collection will be imported. If not given (None), all available collections will be included. top_level (str): If true, then the collection given be included as a level. Otherwise (default, False), sub-collections and items will be included directly. It is recommended to make one collection in Zotero, for example, "website", and then create titled sub-collections, like so:: toRead thesis website 10 Selected Works 20 Journal Articles 30 Conference Proceedings 40 Theses The ID of the top-level collection called `website` is to be included as `collection` argument. To find this ID: When you click on it on the Zotero website, your browser will show you an alphanumeric key in the URL, e.g., items/collectionKey/FCQM2AY6. The portion 'FCQM2AY6' is what you would use in 'collection' for the :func:`user_collection` or :func:`group_collection` directives. Individual sub-collections may be excluded using :func:`exclude_collection`. Sub-collections may be renamed or merged using :func:`rename_collection`. To cause zot_bib_web to format a sub-collection in special ways, you may add further statements, such as :func:`featured_collection`, :func:`hidden_collection`, :func:`misc_collection`, :func:`short_collection`. """ global include_collections include_collections += [('load', DBInstance.create(id, 'group', api_key), collection, top_level)] def exclude_collection(collection, top_level_only=False): """Remove sub-collection `collection`. If `top_level_only` is True, only exclude this collection and items directly under it, but not its sub-collections. """ global include_collections include_collections += [('exclude', collection, top_level_only)] def rename_collection(collection, newName): """Rename collection `collection` to `newName`. This may be used to merge collections by giving them the same name. """ global include_collections include_collections += [('rename', collection, newName)] def short_collection(collection): """Short mode `collection`. This sub-collection will be shown using titles, journal and years only, which can then be expanded. Journal or conference titles can be kept short. Specify the "journal abbr or "conference title" fields, or a short "note" if necessary. You may want to copy bibliographic items from other parts of the bibliography into this sub-collection. You may also use a '*' before the name of the collection in the library. """ global include_collections include_collections += [('special', '*', collection)] def featured_collection(collection): """Feature `collection`. Extract this sub-collection and show at the beginning of the bibliography, regardless of whether the rest of the bibliography is sorted by, e.g., year, and ignores the collections otherwise. In the collection shown below, it prevents "in review" articles to show up as regular journal articles (which might give the impression you're taking credit for not-yet-reviewed/published material!) You may also use a '!' before the name of the collection in the library. """ global include_collections include_collections += [('special', '!', collection)] def hidden_collection(collection): """Hide sub-collection `collection`. We still add a shortcut at the top to unhide its contents if they are available elsewhere. You may also use a '-' before the name of the collection in the library. """ global include_collections include_collections += [('special', '-', collection)] def misc_collection(collection): """Show only new items in `collection`. Show items in this collection, but exclude those items that are already included in another regular collection. A regular collection is one that is not hidden, not short, and not featured. This is useful to add a "Miscellaneous" category at the end for additional items without duplicating anything. You may also use a '&' before the name of the collection in the library. """ global include_collections include_collections += [('special', '&', collection)] def exclude_items(filter): # NOT DOCUMENTED - EXPERIMENTAL """After all items are loaded, filter them using a function. The function given in ``filter`` takes one argument, ITEM, and returns True for each item to exclude. ITEM is of type ZotItem.""" global item_filters item_filters += [filter] try: import __builtin__ except ImportError: # Python 3 import builtins as __builtin__ __builtin__.user_collection = user_collection __builtin__.group_collection = group_collection __builtin__.exclude_collection = exclude_collection __builtin__.rename_collection = rename_collection __builtin__.short_collection = short_collection __builtin__.featured_collection = featured_collection __builtin__.hidden_collection = hidden_collection __builtin__.misc_collection = misc_collection __builtin__.exclude_items = exclude_items __all__ = ['user_collection', 'group_collection', 'exclude_collection', 'rename_collection', 'short_collection', 'featured_collection', 'hidden_collection', 'misc_collection', 'exclude_items'] + __all__ class Shortcut: def __init__(self, crit, values=None, topN=None, sortBy=None, sortDir='auto'): self.crit = crit self.levels = values self.sortDir = sortDir self.topN = topN self.catInfo = None self.sortBy = sortBy def setAllItems(self, all_items): self.all_items = all_items def getValueForUniqueItems(self): u = [] uid = set() for i in self.all_items: if not i.uniqueID in uid: uid.add(i.uniqueID) v = i.access(self.crit) if not (self.crit == 'collection' and Coll.hideSectionTitle(last(v))): u += [v] # u = set([(i.access(self.crit), i.key) for i in self.all_items]) # return list([v for v, _id in u if v]) return u def sort_crit_in_reversed_order(self): "We adopt the same sort order for the short cuts as for the sections and items within sections" global sort_criteria, sort_reverse if self.crit in sort_criteria: return sort_reverse[sort_criteria.index(self.crit)] if self.crit == 'date' and 'year' in sort_criteria: return sort_reverse[sort_criteria.index('year')] if self.crit == 'year' and 'date' in sort_criteria: return sort_reverse[sort_criteria.index('date')] return False def compile(self): Category = namedtuple('Category', ['vals', 'sortname', 'title', 'items']) self.catInfo = [] l = self.getLevels() for sortname, section_print_title, feature_value in l: # if multiple items are listed in feature_value because it's a list, # we need to retrieve items for these separately fvs = feature_value if isinstance(feature_value, list) else [feature_value] items = [] vals = [] title = None for f in fvs: val1, title1, items1 = self.getBibItems(f, section_print_title) items += items1 # this is the key vals += [val1] title = title or title1 # use the first title self.catInfo += [Category(vals, sortname, title, items)] if self.sortDir or self.sortBy: if self.sortDir == 'auto': if self.levels: # if levels are given explicitly sort = False # do not sort at all else: sort = 'desc' if self.sort_crit_in_reversed_order() else 'asc' else: sort = self.sortDir if sort: # sort? if self.sortBy == 'count': k = lambda x: len(x.items) elif self.sortBy == 'name': k = lambda x: x.title # by title else: # by sort name k = lambda x: x.sortname # sort by sort name (as given by sortkeyname) self.catInfo.sort(key=k, reverse=(sort == 'desc')) def getCatValueInfo(self): if self.topN: lens = sorted([len(tup.items) for tup in self.catInfo]) if len(lens) > self.topN: cutoff = lens[-self.topN] return [tup for tup in self.catInfo if len(tup.items) >= cutoff] return self.catInfo @staticmethod def uniquify(seq, idfun=None): # return only unique items out of a sequence # order preserving if idfun is None: def idfun(x): return x seen = {} result = [] for item in seq: marker = idfun(item) # in old Python versions: # if seen.has_key(marker) # but in new ones: if marker in seen: continue seen[marker] = 1 result.append(item) return result def getLevels(self): def fit(v): # first if tuple if isinstance(v, list): # multiple items listed - use first for label return "%s" % v[0] return str(v) def flatten(l): return [item for sublist in l for item in sublist] if self.levels: # e.g., ('type', [v1,v2,v3]) - given in settings l = [(sortkeyname(self.crit, fit(lev)).sort, fit(lev), lev) for lev in self.levels if lev] elif self.crit == 'tags': l = [sortkeyname(self.crit, lev) + (lev,) for lev in flatten(self.getValueForUniqueItems())] else: l = [sortkeyname(self.crit, lev) + (lev,) for lev in self.getValueForUniqueItems()] l = filter(lambda snv: snv[1], l) l = self.uniquify(l, idfun=lambda x: x[0]) return l def getBibItems(self, crit_val, section_print_title): crit_val = last(crit_val) if self.crit == "collection" else "%s" % crit_val # if collection, get its ID allvalues = [True] # keep by default counter = None if self.crit == 'year': # Allow for range specification in years # We will search for all appropriate years using the JS search function. m = re.match(r'([0-9]*)-([0-9]*)', crit_val) if m and (m.group(1) or m.group(2)): fromyear = int(m.group(1) or 0) toyear = int(m.group(2) or 3000) allvalues = list(self.getValueForUniqueItems()) def inrange(y): try: return (int(y) >= fromyear and int(y) <= toyear) except ValueError: return False except TypeError: return False allvalues = list(filter(inrange, allvalues)) crit_val = map(lambda y: "year__%s" % y, set(allvalues)) section_print_title = "%s–%s" % (m.group(1), m.group(2)) else: # Currently, we're only filtering for the years, because that is were it is practically relevant allvalues = list( filter(lambda y: (str(y) == str(crit_val)), self.getValueForUniqueItems())) crit_val = 'year__' + crit_val elif self.crit == 'collection' or self.crit == 'tags': allvalues = list(filter(lambda y: (crit_val in y), self.getValueForUniqueItems())) elif self.crit in ['type', 'venue_short']: allvalues = list(filter(lambda y: ("%s" % y == crit_val), self.getValueForUniqueItems())) crit_val = self.crit + '__' + crit_val return crit_val, section_print_title, allvalues def shortcut(crit, values=None, topN=None, sortDir='auto', sortBy=None): """Make a shortcut to the :data:`show_shortcuts` list. Args: crit (str): The criterion as a string, selected by the shortcut. Permissible values include 'collection', 'year', 'type', 'venue', and 'venue_short'. values (list): Optional list of values to be show for the criterion. Each element may be string, or an int (if appropriate, for years). For numbers, strings may specify a range, e.g., "2004-2009" (to select the range of years), or "-2004" or "2010-" to select years before or after the given year, respectively. topN (int): If given, only show the TOPN values with the most bibliographic entries. sortDir (str): Direction of sorting. If given, 'asc' or 'desc', or None (to turn off sorting). sortBy (str): May be given as 'count', which indicates sorting by the number of bibliographic entries covered by each value, or 'name', to sort by name. The canonical order is default. """ return Shortcut(crit, values=values, sortDir=sortDir, topN=topN, sortBy=sortBy) __builtin__.sortkeyname_order = sortkeyname_order __builtin__.push_wordpress = lambda *args, **kwargs: None __builtin__.shortcut = shortcut # __all__ += ['shortcut'] # already included (above) for convenient ordering __builtin__.content_filter = content_filter def make_header_htmls(all_items): # ordering: # sort collections as they are normally sorted (sortkeyname) headerhtmls = [] # {'collection':u"", 'year':u"", 'type':u""} for complex_crit in show_shortcuts: if is_string(complex_crit): complex_crit = Shortcut(complex_crit) vals = None crit = complex_crit.crit if crit == 'date': crit = 'year' complex_crit.setAllItems(all_items) complex_crit.compile() html = "" for info in complex_crit.getCatValueInfo(): # get info on the bib items associated with a category value (e.g., year=2007) # info: 'vals', 'sortname', 'title', 'items' if not info.items: # empty result set (no items for this search, if type or year search) warning("%s %s not found, but mentioned in shortcuts. Skipping." % (crit, info.vals)) else: # collection does not need to be marked if hasattr(info.items, '__iter__'): counterStr = " (%s)" % len(info.items) else: counterStr = "" html += "
  • %s%s
    • \n" % ( js_strings(info.vals), info.title, info.title, counterStr) headerhtmls += [html] return headerhtmls entry_count = 0 def div(cls=None, content="", style=None, tag="div"): "Helper that creates a HTML DIV element." s = u' style="%s"' % style if style else u'' c = u' class="%s"' % cls if cls else u'' return u'<%s%s%s>%s' % (tag, c, s, content, tag) def make_html(all_items, exclude={}, shorten=False): """Produce the HTML for ALL_ITEMS. EXCLUDE certain items. SHORTEN the produced output for featured collections. """ def a_button(name, url=None, js=None, title=None, cls=None): global smart_selections global language_code js = ('onclick="%s"' % js) if js else '' # js = '' # binding happens at doc level url = ('href="%s"' % url) if url else '' cls = ('class="%s"' % cls) if cls else '' title = ('title="%s"' % title) if title else '' if language_code in link_translations: name = link_translations[language_code].get(name.lower(), name) return u"%s" % ( cls, title, url, js, (name if smart_selections else name)) def button_label_for_object(obj, default): if file_link_button_label: return file_link_button_label # always use, e.g., "PDF" if re.search(r'\.pdf$', obj, re.IGNORECASE): n = 'PDF' elif re.search(r'\.docx?$', obj, re.IGNORECASE): n = 'Doc' elif re.search(r'\.ps$', obj, re.IGNORECASE): n = 'PS' else: n = default return n count = 0 string = "" for item in all_items: if item.key not in exclude: if item.title: count += 1 log(item.plain, level=-2) htmlitem = item.html global show_links show_items = show_links # Not a copy. t = item.title u = None if item.url: u = item.url t2 = t.replace(u"'", u'’') # Technically, we're going to have to do much more (or do a flexible match). t_to_replace = ["" + t + ".", "" + t2 + ".", "" + t + "", "" + t2 + "", t + ".", t2 + ".", t, t2] if u: # Note: insert space before doctitle for copy/paste behavior. new = tryreplacing(htmlitem, t_to_replace, u"%s" % ( u, "\\0")) if not new == htmlitem: # Replacement successful. # Remove "Retrieved from": new = re.sub(url_regex(prefix="Retrieved from "), "", new) htmlitem = new # This is the new item. else: htmlitem = tryreplacing(htmlitem, t_to_replace, u"%s" % ("\\0")) if item.extra: htmlitem += div('bib-extra', item.extra) # Links: htmlitem = urlize(htmlitem) # Insert searchable keywords (not displayed). search_tags = '' if item.section_keyword: search_tags += " ".join(item.section_keyword) # No special tag for collections. search_tags += " year__" + item.access('year') # No search by date. if item.venue_short(): search_tags += " venue_short__" + item.venue_short() if item.type: search_tags += " type__" + item.type search_tags += ' "' + '" "'.join(item.getTags()) + '"' # No special tag for collections. htmlitem += "" % search_tags htmlitem = div('bib-details', htmlitem) venue = item.venue() if venue: htmlitem += div('bib-venue', venue) venue_short = item.venue_short() if venue_short: htmlitem += div('bib-venue-short', venue_short) if shorten: ct = item.publicationTitle or item.journalAbbreviation or item.event or u"" if item.note and (len(item.note) < len(ct) or ct == u""): ct = item.note y = "" if item.date: y = "(%s)" % item.date if item.bib: abstract, bibitem2 = extract_abstract(item.bib) blinkitem = u"" # we print the original item name as label so that capitalization may be chosen via the items list for show in show_items: sl = show.lower() bi = "" if 'abstract' == sl and abstract: bi = a_button('Abstract') + div('bibshowhide', div('abstract', abstract)) elif 'wikipedia' == sl and item.wikipedia: bi = a_button('Wikipedia') + div('bibshowhide', div('bib', item.wikipedia, style='white-space:pre-wrap;')) elif 'bib' == sl and bibitem2: bi = a_button('BIB') + div('bibshowhide', div('bib', bibitem2)) elif 'file' == sl: fil = sorted(filter(lambda x: x.saved_filename, item.attachments), key=lambda x: button_label_for_object(x.saved_filename, 'File')) bi = u'' for a in fil: lab = button_label_for_object(a.saved_filename, 'File') bi += div('blink', a_button(lab, url=file_output_path + '/' + a.saved_filename)) elif 'note' == sl: for a in item.attachments: if a.itemType == 'note' and a.note: bi += div('blink', a_button('Note') + div('bibshowhide', div('note', a.note))) elif (sl == 'pdf' or sl == 'url') and u: # automatically detect what the link points to n = button_label_for_object(u, 'link') bi = a_button(n, url=u) elif sl in ['ris', 'endnote'] and item.ris: # to do - use a_button because of smart_selections onclick = "dwnD(\'%s\');return false;" % base64.b64encode(item.ris.encode('utf-8')).decode( 'utf-8') bi = a_button('RIS' if 'ris' == sl else 'EndNote', js=onclick, title='Download RIS/Endnote record') elif sl.startswith("cite."): style = sl[5:] if item.txtstyle and style in item.txtstyle: bi = a_button('%s' % style.upper()) + div('bibshowhide', div('cite', item.txtstyle[style])) else: bi = str(sl) blinkitem += div('blink', div('label', bi, tag="span")) continue blinkitem += div('blink', bi) if not omit_COinS and item.coins: blinkitem += ("%s" % item.coins).strip() if shorten: # TODO(reitter): Consider moving this to the CSS. blinkitem = div(None, blinkitem) # , style="padding-left:20px;") htmlitem += div('blinkitems', blinkitem) if shorten: htmlitem = a_button("⊞", cls='shortened') + \ u" %s" % t + \ u" %s %s" % (ct, y) + \ u"
    " + htmlitem + "
    " htmlitem = div('blink', htmlitem) # to limit what is being expanded tag = "li" if number_bib_items else "div" htmlitem = u'<%s class="bib-item">' % tag + htmlitem + u'' % tag string += htmlitem if len(string) == 0: return "", 0 # avoid adding title for section later on if number_bib_items: string = u'
      ' + string + u'
    ' global entry_count entry_count += count return cleanup_lines(string), count def make_sure_path_exists(path): try: os.makedirs(path) except OSError as exception: if exception.errno != errno.EEXIST: raise import zipfile class DBInstance: dbInstanceCache = {} @staticmethod # factory method def create(library_id, library_type, api_key): self = DBInstance() try: return DBInstance.dbInstanceCache[(library_id, library_type, api_key)] except KeyError: # not found pass self.zot = None self.zotLastMod = None try: self.zot = zotero.Zotero(library_id, library_type, api_key) self.zotLastMod = self.zot.last_modified_version() # v1.1.1 DBInstance.dbInstanceCache[(library_id, library_type, api_key)] = self if library_type == 'group': log("Loading: https://www.zotero.org/groups/%s/items" % library_id) else: log("Loading: %s" % library_id) except zotero_errors.UserNotAuthorised: error("UserNotAuthorised: Set correct Zotero API key in settings.py for library ID %s." % library_id) raise SystemExit(1) return self # Interface to external database def traverse(self, agenda, depth=0, parents=[]): result = [] # sort agenda by name for collitem in sorted(agenda, key=coll_name): key = coll_key(collitem) name = coll_data(collitem)[u'name'] c = self.zot.collections_sub(key) result += [Coll.add(key, name, depth, parents, self)] result += self.traverse(c, depth + 1, parents + [key]) return result # public def get_collections(self, topcollection, top_level): try: if topcollection: colls = self.traverse([self.zot.collection(topcollection)]) if not top_level: colls[0].hideSectionTitle = True # the topmost one should be hidden # if top_level: # print("Fetching top-level collection ", topcollection) # else: # colls = self.traverse(self.zot.collections_sub(topcollection)) else: log("Fetching all collections:") colls = self.traverse(self.zot.collections()) colls = filter(lambda e: e, colls) # remove empties return colls except zotero_errors.UserNotAuthorised: error("UserNotAuthorised: Set correct Zotero API key in settings.py and allow access.") raise SystemExit(1) def retrieve_x(self, collection, **args): items = self.zot.everything( self.zot.collection_items(collection, order=order_by, sort=sort_order, **args)) return items def retrieve_bib(self, collection, content, style): return self.retrieve_x(collection, content=content, style=style) def retrieve_atom(self, collection): return self.retrieve_x(collection, content='csljson', format='atom') def retrieve_coins(self, collection): return self.retrieve_x(collection, content='coins') def retrieve_wikipedia(self, collection): return self.retrieve_x(collection, content='wikipedia') # public def retrieve_data(self, collection_id, exclude=None): return self.filter_data(self.retrieve_data_cached(collection_id, exclude)) def filter_data(self, a): def cfilter(atom, type, content): if content_filter and type in content_filter: fun = content_filter[type] # return [globals()[fun](item, thisatom, atom) for item, thisatom in zip(content, atom)] # return globals()[fun](content, atom) return fun(content, atom) return content for ai in a: for fil in ['bib', 'html', 'ris', 'coins', 'wikipedia']: if hasattr(ai, fil): setattr(ai, fil, cfilter(ai, fil, getattr(ai, fil))) # TODO(reitter): txtstyle. return a def retrieve_data_cached(self, collection_id, exclude=None): def check_show(s): global show_links s = s.lower() for x in show_links: if x.lower() == s: return True return False if not no_cache: cache_name = ".cache/%s.cache" % collection_id try: date, lm, bs, zv, items = pickle.load(open(cache_name, 'rb')) if date > datetime.now() - timedelta(days=14): # cache expires after 14 days if self.zotLastMod == lm and bs == bib_style: if len(items) == 0 or (hasattr(items[0], '__version__') and items[0].__version__ == ZotItem.__classversion__ and zv == zotero.__version__): return items else: # log("version diff") pass else: # log("last mod diff") pass except (IOError, ValueError, pickle.PicklingError, TypeError, EOFError) as e: # log("Not using cache - some error ", e) pass log(" updating... ", end="") # ii = zot.everything(zot.collection_items(collection_id)) ii = self.retrieve_x(collection_id) a = [ZotItem(i['data']) for i in ii] # PyZotero can retrieve different formats at once, # but this does not seem to work with current versions of the library or API b = self.retrieve_bib(collection_id, 'bibtex', '') h = self.retrieve_bib(collection_id, 'bib', bib_style) h_style = {} for bs in [s[5:] for s in show_links if s.startswith("cite.")]: # e.g., cite.apa, cite.mla if bib_style.lower() == bs: h_style[bs] = h else: h_style[bs] = self.retrieve_bib(collection_id, 'bib', bs) if check_show('EndNote') or check_show('RIS'): r = self.retrieve_bib(collection_id, 'ris', '') else: r = [None for _x in h] if not omit_COinS: c = self.retrieve_coins(collection_id) else: c = [None for _x in h] if check_show('wikipedia'): w = self.retrieve_wikipedia(collection_id) else: w = [None for _x in h] # for bi, hi, ri, ci, wi, ai, index in zip(b, h, r, c, w, a): for i in range(0, len(a)): ai = a[i] ai.bib = b[i] ai.html = h[i] ai.ris = r[i] ai.coins = c[i] ai.wikipedia = w[i] ai.txtstyle = {s: st[i] for s, st in h_style.items()} ai.plain = None if bib_style.lower() in ai.txtstyle: ai.plain = ai.txtstyle[bib_style.lower()] if not no_cache: make_sure_path_exists(os.path.dirname(cache_name)) pickle.dump((datetime.now(), self.zotLastMod, bib_style, zotero.__version__, a), open(cache_name, 'wb')) return a def arrangeAttachments(self, items): # Get attachments (separately) itemindex = {item.key: item for item in items} filtered = [] for i in items: if i.parentItem: if i.parentItem in itemindex: item = itemindex[i.parentItem] item.addAttachment(i) continue filtered += [i] # was not added to another item return filtered def dumpFiles(self, item): global file_outputdir if item.attachments: for a in item.attachments: self.dumpFiles(a) if item.filename: def dump(item, p, fn): # Dump file into filename fn at path p # Returns the filename if successful # PyZotero's "dump" is not available until in more recent versions outfile = os.path.join(p, fn) # uses zot try: with open(outfile, 'wb') as f: f.write(self.zot.file(item.key)) return fn # default except ValueError: error("Failed to save file %s into %s (%s), content type %s." % ( item.filename, outfile, item.key, item.contentType)) error(" Error in Pyzotero.") return None # an odd convention: if it's HTML, it's a "snapshot", and .zip is required # In Pyzotero 1.2.11, with the Zotero API as of 5/18/2017, # text/html files are really zip files. # the following code attempts to unzip such files. # if this fails, we back off to using the file directly. p = os.path.join(file_outputdir, item.key) from datetime import datetime if (not os.path.exists(p)) or \ (not item.dateModified) or \ (item.dateModified > datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(p)).isoformat()): make_sure_path_exists(p) if item.contentType in ['application/zip', 'text/html']: outfile = os.path.join(p, "temp.zip") item.saved_filename = dump(item, p, "temp.zip") # good default for now try: # let's see if we can extract it with zipfile.ZipFile(outfile, 'r') as zf: for zippedfile in zf.infolist(): # This will relativize absolute path and eliminate .. zf.extract(zippedfile, path=p) item.saved_filename = item.filename # main file inside the archive os.remove(outfile) except zipfile.BadZipfile: # use default filename error("Failed to deflate ZIP archive %s (%s)" % (item.filename, item.key)) item.saved_filename = item.filename # rename os.rename(outfile, os.path.join(p, item.saved_filename)) pass else: item.saved_filename = dump(item, p, item.filename) else: item.saved_filename = item.filename # prepend path for URL if item.saved_filename: item.saved_filename = os.path.join(item.key, item.saved_filename) def detect_and_merge_doubles(items): iids = {} titles = {} def merge(a, b): if a.section_keyword and not a.section_keyword in b.section_keyword: b.section_keyword.update(a.section_keyword) a.uniqueID = b.uniqueID # get last names of all creators. exclude editors unless editors is all we have lastnames = lambda creators: [c.get('lastName', c.get('name')) for c in creators if not c['creatorType'] == 'editor'] or \ [c.get('lastName', c.get('name')) for c in creators] uniqueID = 0 for a in items: key = a.key atl = a.title.lower() if key in iids: # depending on sort criteria, even the short collection ones # can show up elsewhere. # and not (u'collection' in iids[key] and Coll.is_short_collection(iids[key].collection)) # log("Merging ", a.title) # merge "section keywords" merge(a, iids[key]) elif atl in titles: for t in titles[atl]: if a.date == t.date: if a.creators==t.creators or a.creators and t.creators and set(lastnames(a.creators)) == set(lastnames(t.creators)): merge(a, iids[t.key]) break # We're showing warnings for almost-equal items later if not a.uniqueID: # wasn't merged iids[key] = a titles[atl] = (titles[atl] if atl in titles else []) + [a] uniqueID += 1 a.uniqueID = uniqueID return uniqueID def merge_doubles(items): # this assumes that detect_and_merge_doubles has been run. result = [] ids = set() for i in items: if not i.uniqueID in ids: ids.add(i.uniqueID) result += [i] return result # Equivalend to something like the following: # Conceptually, not used because the lambda function relies on a state variable # return list(filter(lambda i: prog1(not i.uniqueID in ids, ids.add(i.uniqueID)), items)) from datetime import datetime, timedelta import pickle def retrieve_all_items(collections): global no_cache item_ids = {} # move miscellaneous collections to the end collections = [e for e in collections if not Coll.is_misc_collection(e.key)] + \ [e for e in collections if Coll.is_misc_collection(e.key)] all_items = [] for e in collections: # key, depth, collection_name, collection_parents, db c = 0 log(" " + " " * len(e.parents) + e.name + " " + e.specials + " (" + e.key + ") ...", end="") key = e.key i2 = list(e.db.retrieve_data(key)) i2 = e.db.arrangeAttachments(i2) if Coll.is_misc_collection(key): # Miscellaneous type collection # This has everything that isn't mentioned above # so we'll filter what's in item_ids # log("Miscellaneous collection: %s items initially"%len(i2)) i2 = list(filter(lambda a: not ((a.key in item_ids) or (a.title.lower() in item_ids)), i2)) # log("Miscellaneous collection: %s items left"%len(i2)) elif Coll.is_regular_collection(key): for i in i2: # we store by key (ID) and also by title hash for k in [i.key, i.title.lower()]: if k not in item_ids: item_ids[k] = [] item_ids[k] += [(i, key)] # tuple is item and collectionkey # Update file if 'file' in show_links or 'FILE' in show_links: for item in i2: e.db.dumpFiles(item) # add IDs to the list with the collection name #### collect_ids(i2, collection_name, item_ids) log("%s Items." % len(list(i2))) parent_path = tuple(e.parents + [key]) for item in i2: # for sorting by collection item.collection = parent_path item.section_keyword = set( parent_path) # will be added HTML so the entry can be found. Create individual set. if len(i2) > 0: all_items += i2 return all_items, item_ids htmlid_regex = re.compile(r"[\s,:;'\"]", re.IGNORECASE) def htmlid(s): return htmlid_regex.sub("", s) def compile_data(all_items, section_code, crits, exclude={}, shorten=False): global show_top_section_headings corehtml, count = make_html(all_items, exclude=exclude, shorten=shorten) # empty categories shouldn't actually be passed to compile_data html = "" if section_code: section_print_title = sortkeyname(crits, section_code).value last_section_id = last(section_code) # if collection, get its ID last_crit = last(crits) else: section_print_title = "Other" last_section_id = last_crit = None section_code = ['Other'] # log(all_items) # raise RuntimeError("compile_data called with empty section_code") if last_section_id: html += "" % htmlid( last_section_id) if section_code and show_top_section_headings and not Coll.hideSectionTitle(last_section_id): depth = 0 if not is_string(section_code): depth = len(section_code) - 1 # it's a path # do not show headings deeper than this # if depth<=show_top_section_headings: html += "%s\n" % (2 + depth, section_print_title, 2 + depth) html += corehtml html = u'
    ' % (u'short' if shorten else u'full') + html + u'
    ' return html def show_double_warnings(item_ids): def itemref(i): auth = (i.title and i.title[:30]) or u"" year = i.date or u"" ref = "%s (%s)" % (auth, year) return ref for key, itemcolls in item_ids.items(): if len(itemcolls) > 1: uniqueitems = set([i.key for i, _c in itemcolls]) if len(uniqueitems) > 1: # This only applies to different items with the same title warning("%s items sharing the same title included:" % len(itemcolls)) for i, c in itemcolls: warn(" %s [%s] (collection: %s)" % (itemref(i), i.key, Coll.findName(c))) else: # if item is the same, it may still be included in several collections: uniquecolls = set([c for _i, c in itemcolls]) uniquecolls = list(filter(Coll.is_regular_collection, list(uniquecolls))) if len(uniquecolls) > 1: # we know that every item here has the same ID (because of the previous check) # itemcolls is a list warning('Item "%s" included in %s collections:\n %s' % ( itemref(itemcolls[0][0]), len(uniquecolls), ", ".join(map(Coll.findName, uniquecolls)))) def pull_up_featured_remove_hidden_colls(all_items): # split up into featured and other sections visible = list(filter(lambda it: not Coll.is_hidden_collection(it.collection), all_items)) # if len(visible)