Repository: facebookresearch/dino
Branch: main
Commit: 7c446df5b9f4
Files: 16
Total size: 183.3 KB
Directory structure:
gitextract_fvwtxkg4/
├── .github/
│ ├── CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
│ └── CONTRIBUTING.md
├── LICENSE
├── README.md
├── eval_copy_detection.py
├── eval_image_retrieval.py
├── eval_knn.py
├── eval_linear.py
├── eval_video_segmentation.py
├── hubconf.py
├── main_dino.py
├── run_with_submitit.py
├── utils.py
├── video_generation.py
├── vision_transformer.py
└── visualize_attention.py
================================================
FILE CONTENTS
================================================
================================================
FILE: .github/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
================================================
# Code of Conduct
Facebook has adopted a Code of Conduct that we expect project participants to adhere to.
Please read the [full text](https://code.fb.com/codeofconduct/)
so that you can understand what actions will and will not be tolerated.
================================================
FILE: .github/CONTRIBUTING.md
================================================
# Contributing
In the context of this project, we do not expect pull requests.
If you find a bug, or would like to suggest an improvement, please open an issue.
================================================
FILE: LICENSE
================================================
Apache License
Version 2.0, January 2004
http://www.apache.org/licenses/
TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
1. Definitions.
"License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
"Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
the copyright owner that is granting the License.
"Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
"control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
"You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
exercising permissions granted by this License.
"Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
including but not limited to software source code, documentation
source, and configuration files.
"Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
and conversions to other media types.
"Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
(an example is provided in the Appendix below).
"Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
"Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
or by an individual or Legal Entity authorized to submit on behalf of
the copyright owner. For the purposes of this definition, "submitted"
means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent
to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
"Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
subsequently incorporated within the Work.
2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
(except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work,
where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable
by such Contributor that are necessarily infringed by their
Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was submitted. If You
institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
as of the date such litigation is filed.
4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
modifications, and in Source or Object form, provided that You
meet the following conditions:
(a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
(b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
stating that You changed the files; and
(c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
attribution notices from the Source form of the Work,
excluding those notices that do not pertain to any part of
the Derivative Works; and
(d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
as modifying the License.
You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
the conditions stated in this License.
5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
the brackets!) The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
identification within third-party archives.
Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
================================================
FILE: README.md
================================================
:new: *Please check out our more recent [DINOv2](https://github.com/facebookresearch/dinov2) effort in the same line of work.*
# Self-Supervised Vision Transformers with DINO
PyTorch implementation and pretrained models for DINO. For details, see **Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformers**.
[[`blogpost`](https://ai.facebook.com/blog/dino-paws-computer-vision-with-self-supervised-transformers-and-10x-more-efficient-training)] [[`arXiv`](https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.14294)] [[`Yannic Kilcher's video`](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3ij3F3cPIk)]
## Pretrained models
You can choose to download only the weights of the pretrained backbone used for downstream tasks, or the full checkpoint which contains backbone and projection head weights for both student and teacher networks. We also provide the backbone in `onnx` format, as well as detailed arguments and training/evaluation logs. Note that `DeiT-S` and `ViT-S` names refer exactly to the same architecture.
We also release XCiT models ([[`arXiv`](https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.09681)] [[`code`](https://github.com/facebookresearch/xcit)]) trained with DINO:
### Pretrained models on PyTorch Hub
```python
import torch
vits16 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_vits16')
vits8 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_vits8')
vitb16 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_vitb16')
vitb8 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_vitb8')
xcit_small_12_p16 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_xcit_small_12_p16')
xcit_small_12_p8 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_xcit_small_12_p8')
xcit_medium_24_p16 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_xcit_medium_24_p16')
xcit_medium_24_p8 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_xcit_medium_24_p8')
resnet50 = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/dino:main', 'dino_resnet50')
```
## Training
### Documentation
Please install [PyTorch](https://pytorch.org/) and download the [ImageNet](https://imagenet.stanford.edu/) dataset. This codebase has been developed with python version 3.6, PyTorch version 1.7.1, CUDA 11.0 and torchvision 0.8.2. The exact arguments to reproduce the models presented in our paper can be found in the `args` column of the [pretrained models section](https://github.com/facebookresearch/dino#pretrained-models). For a glimpse at the full documentation of DINO training please run:
```
python main_dino.py --help
```
### Vanilla DINO training :sauropod:
Run DINO with ViT-small network on a single node with 8 GPUs for 100 epochs with the following command. Training time is 1.75 day and the resulting checkpoint should reach 69.3% on k-NN eval and 74.0% on linear eval. We provide [training](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/example_runs_logs/dino_vanilla_deitsmall16_log.txt) and [linear evaluation](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/example_runs_logs/dino_vanilla_deitsmall16_eval.txt) logs (with batch size 256 at evaluation time) for this run to help reproducibility.
```
python -m torch.distributed.launch --nproc_per_node=8 main_dino.py --arch vit_small --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train --output_dir /path/to/saving_dir
```
### Multi-node training
We use Slurm and [submitit](https://github.com/facebookincubator/submitit) (`pip install submitit`). To train on 2 nodes with 8 GPUs each (total 16 GPUs):
```
python run_with_submitit.py --nodes 2 --ngpus 8 --arch vit_small --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train --output_dir /path/to/saving_dir
```
DINO with ViT-base network.
```
python run_with_submitit.py --nodes 2 --ngpus 8 --use_volta32 --arch vit_base --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train --output_dir /path/to/saving_dir
```
### Boosting DINO performance :t-rex:
You can improve the performance of the vanilla run by:
- training for more epochs: `--epochs 300`,
- increasing the teacher temperature: `--teacher_temp 0.07 --warmup_teacher_temp_epochs 30`.
- removing last layer normalization (only safe with `--arch vit_small`): `--norm_last_layer false`,
Full command.
```
python run_with_submitit.py --arch vit_small --epochs 300 --teacher_temp 0.07 --warmup_teacher_temp_epochs 30 --norm_last_layer false --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train --output_dir /path/to/saving_dir
```
The resulting pretrained model should reach 73.3% on k-NN eval and 76.0% on linear eval. Training time is 2.6 days with 16 GPUs. We provide [training](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/example_runs_logs/dino_boost_deitsmall16_log.txt) and [linear evaluation](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/example_runs_logs/dino_boost_deitsmall16_eval.txt) logs (with batch size 256 at evaluation time) for this run to help reproducibility.
### ResNet-50 and other convnets trainings
This code also works for training DINO on convolutional networks, like ResNet-50 for example. We highly recommend to adapt some optimization arguments in this case. For example following is a command to train DINO on ResNet-50 on a single node with 8 GPUs for 100 epochs. We provide [training logs](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/example_runs_logs/dino_rn50_log.txt) and [final checkpoint](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/example_runs_logs/dino_rn50_checkpoint.pth) for this run.
```
python -m torch.distributed.launch --nproc_per_node=8 main_dino.py --arch resnet50 --optimizer sgd --lr 0.03 --weight_decay 1e-4 --weight_decay_end 1e-4 --global_crops_scale 0.14 1 --local_crops_scale 0.05 0.14 --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train --output_dir /path/to/saving_dir
```
## Self-attention visualization
You can look at the self-attention of the [CLS] token on the different heads of the last layer by running:
```
python visualize_attention.py
```
## Self-attention video generation
You can generate videos like the one on the blog post with `video_generation.py`.
https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/46140458/116817761-47885e80-ab68-11eb-9975-d61d5a919e13.mp4
Extract frames from input video and generate attention video:
```
python video_generation.py --pretrained_weights dino_deitsmall8_pretrain.pth \
--input_path input/video.mp4 \
--output_path output/ \
--fps 25
```
Use folder of frames already extracted and generate attention video:
```
python video_generation.py --pretrained_weights dino_deitsmall8_pretrain.pth \
--input_path output/frames/ \
--output_path output/ \
--resize 256 \
```
Only generate video from folder of attention maps images:
```
python video_generation.py --input_path output/attention \
--output_path output/ \
--video_only \
--video_format avi
```
## Evaluation: k-NN classification on ImageNet
To evaluate a simple k-NN classifier with a single GPU on a pre-trained model, run:
```
python -m torch.distributed.launch --nproc_per_node=1 eval_knn.py --data_path /path/to/imagenet
```
If you choose not to specify `--pretrained_weights`, then DINO reference weights are used by default. If you want instead to evaluate checkpoints from a run of your own, you can run for example:
```
python -m torch.distributed.launch --nproc_per_node=1 eval_knn.py --pretrained_weights /path/to/checkpoint.pth --checkpoint_key teacher --data_path /path/to/imagenet
```
## Evaluation: Linear classification on ImageNet
To train a supervised linear classifier on frozen weights on a single node with 8 gpus, run:
```
python -m torch.distributed.launch --nproc_per_node=8 eval_linear.py --data_path /path/to/imagenet
```
We release the logs and weights from evaluating the different models:
You can check the performance of the pretrained weights on ImageNet validation set by running the following command lines:
```
python eval_linear.py --evaluate --arch vit_small --patch_size 16 --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train
```
```
python eval_linear.py --evaluate --arch vit_small --patch_size 8 --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train
```
```
python eval_linear.py --evaluate --arch vit_base --patch_size 16 --n_last_blocks 1 --avgpool_patchtokens true --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train
```
```
python eval_linear.py --evaluate --arch vit_base --patch_size 8 --n_last_blocks 1 --avgpool_patchtokens true --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train
```
```
python eval_linear.py --evaluate --arch resnet50 --data_path /path/to/imagenet/train
```
## Evaluation: DAVIS 2017 Video object segmentation
Please verify that you're using pytorch version 1.7.1 since we are not able to reproduce the results with most recent pytorch 1.8.1 at the moment.
**Step 1: Prepare DAVIS 2017 data**
```
cd $HOME
git clone https://github.com/davisvideochallenge/davis-2017 && cd davis-2017
./data/get_davis.sh
```
**Step 2: Video object segmentation**
```
python eval_video_segmentation.py --data_path $HOME/davis-2017/DAVIS/ --output_dir /path/to/saving_dir
```
**Step 3: Evaluate the obtained segmentation**
```
git clone https://github.com/davisvideochallenge/davis2017-evaluation $HOME/davis2017-evaluation
python $HOME/davis2017-evaluation/evaluation_method.py --task semi-supervised --results_path /path/to/saving_dir --davis_path $HOME/davis-2017/DAVIS/
```
## Evaluation: Image Retrieval on revisited Oxford and Paris
Step 1: Prepare revisited Oxford and Paris by following [this repo](https://github.com/filipradenovic/revisitop).
Step 2: Image retrieval (if you do not specify weights with `--pretrained_weights` then by default [DINO weights pretrained on Google Landmark v2 dataset](https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_vitsmall16_googlelandmark_pretrain/dino_vitsmall16_googlelandmark_pretrain.pth) will be used).
Paris:
```
python -m torch.distributed.launch --use_env --nproc_per_node=1 eval_image_retrieval.py --imsize 512 --multiscale 1 --data_path /path/to/revisited_paris_oxford/ --dataset rparis6k
```
Oxford:
```
python -m torch.distributed.launch --use_env --nproc_per_node=1 eval_image_retrieval.py --imsize 224 --multiscale 0 --data_path /path/to/revisited_paris_oxford/ --dataset roxford5k
```
## Evaluation: Copy detection on Copydays
Step 1: Prepare [Copydays dataset](https://lear.inrialpes.fr/~jegou/data.php#copydays).
Step 2 (opt): Prepare a set of image distractors and a set of images on which to learn the whitening operator.
In our paper, we use 10k random images from YFCC100M as distractors and 20k random images from YFCC100M (different from the distractors) for computing the whitening operation.
Step 3: Run copy detection:
```
python -m torch.distributed.launch --use_env --nproc_per_node=1 eval_copy_detection.py --data_path /path/to/copydays/ --whitening_path /path/to/whitening_data/ --distractors_path /path/to/distractors/
```
We report result on the strong subset. For example in the stdout from the command above we get: `eval on strong mAP=0.858`.
## License
This repository is released under the Apache 2.0 license as found in the [LICENSE](LICENSE) file.
## Citation
If you find this repository useful, please consider giving a star :star: and citation :t-rex::
```
@inproceedings{caron2021emerging,
title={Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformers},
author={Caron, Mathilde and Touvron, Hugo and Misra, Ishan and J\'egou, Herv\'e and Mairal, Julien and Bojanowski, Piotr and Joulin, Armand},
booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)},
year={2021}
}
```
================================================
FILE: eval_copy_detection.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import sys
import pickle
import argparse
import torch
from torch import nn
import torch.distributed as dist
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
from torchvision import models as torchvision_models
from torchvision import transforms as pth_transforms
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
import numpy as np
import utils
import vision_transformer as vits
from eval_knn import extract_features
class CopydaysDataset():
def __init__(self, basedir):
self.basedir = basedir
self.block_names = (
['original', 'strong'] +
['jpegqual/%d' % i for i in
[3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 75]] +
['crops/%d' % i for i in
[10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80]])
self.nblocks = len(self.block_names)
self.query_blocks = range(self.nblocks)
self.q_block_sizes = np.ones(self.nblocks, dtype=int) * 157
self.q_block_sizes[1] = 229
# search only among originals
self.database_blocks = [0]
def get_block(self, i):
dirname = self.basedir + '/' + self.block_names[i]
fnames = [dirname + '/' + fname
for fname in sorted(os.listdir(dirname))
if fname.endswith('.jpg')]
return fnames
def get_block_filenames(self, subdir_name):
dirname = self.basedir + '/' + subdir_name
return [fname
for fname in sorted(os.listdir(dirname))
if fname.endswith('.jpg')]
def eval_result(self, ids, distances):
j0 = 0
for i in range(self.nblocks):
j1 = j0 + self.q_block_sizes[i]
block_name = self.block_names[i]
I = ids[j0:j1] # block size
sum_AP = 0
if block_name != 'strong':
# 1:1 mapping of files to names
positives_per_query = [[i] for i in range(j1 - j0)]
else:
originals = self.get_block_filenames('original')
strongs = self.get_block_filenames('strong')
# check if prefixes match
positives_per_query = [
[j for j, bname in enumerate(originals)
if bname[:4] == qname[:4]]
for qname in strongs]
for qno, Iline in enumerate(I):
positives = positives_per_query[qno]
ranks = []
for rank, bno in enumerate(Iline):
if bno in positives:
ranks.append(rank)
sum_AP += score_ap_from_ranks_1(ranks, len(positives))
print("eval on %s mAP=%.3f" % (
block_name, sum_AP / (j1 - j0)))
j0 = j1
# from the Holidays evaluation package
def score_ap_from_ranks_1(ranks, nres):
""" Compute the average precision of one search.
ranks = ordered list of ranks of true positives
nres = total number of positives in dataset
"""
# accumulate trapezoids in PR-plot
ap = 0.0
# All have an x-size of:
recall_step = 1.0 / nres
for ntp, rank in enumerate(ranks):
# y-size on left side of trapezoid:
# ntp = nb of true positives so far
# rank = nb of retrieved items so far
if rank == 0:
precision_0 = 1.0
else:
precision_0 = ntp / float(rank)
# y-size on right side of trapezoid:
# ntp and rank are increased by one
precision_1 = (ntp + 1) / float(rank + 1)
ap += (precision_1 + precision_0) * recall_step / 2.0
return ap
class ImgListDataset(torch.utils.data.Dataset):
def __init__(self, img_list, transform=None):
self.samples = img_list
self.transform = transform
def __getitem__(self, i):
with open(self.samples[i], 'rb') as f:
img = Image.open(f)
img = img.convert('RGB')
if self.transform is not None:
img = self.transform(img)
return img, i
def __len__(self):
return len(self.samples)
def is_image_file(s):
ext = s.split(".")[-1]
if ext in ['jpg', 'jpeg', 'png', 'ppm', 'bmp', 'pgm', 'tif', 'tiff', 'webp']:
return True
return False
@torch.no_grad()
def extract_features(image_list, model, args):
transform = pth_transforms.Compose([
pth_transforms.Resize((args.imsize, args.imsize), interpolation=3),
pth_transforms.ToTensor(),
pth_transforms.Normalize((0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)),
])
tempdataset = ImgListDataset(image_list, transform=transform)
data_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(tempdataset, batch_size=args.batch_size_per_gpu,
num_workers=args.num_workers, drop_last=False,
sampler=torch.utils.data.DistributedSampler(tempdataset, shuffle=False))
features = None
for samples, index in utils.MetricLogger(delimiter=" ").log_every(data_loader, 10):
samples, index = samples.cuda(non_blocking=True), index.cuda(non_blocking=True)
feats = model.get_intermediate_layers(samples, n=1)[0].clone()
cls_output_token = feats[:, 0, :] # [CLS] token
# GeM with exponent 4 for output patch tokens
b, h, w, d = len(samples), int(samples.shape[-2] / model.patch_embed.patch_size), int(samples.shape[-1] / model.patch_embed.patch_size), feats.shape[-1]
feats = feats[:, 1:, :].reshape(b, h, w, d)
feats = feats.clamp(min=1e-6).permute(0, 3, 1, 2)
feats = nn.functional.avg_pool2d(feats.pow(4), (h, w)).pow(1. / 4).reshape(b, -1)
# concatenate [CLS] token and GeM pooled patch tokens
feats = torch.cat((cls_output_token, feats), dim=1)
# init storage feature matrix
if dist.get_rank() == 0 and features is None:
features = torch.zeros(len(data_loader.dataset), feats.shape[-1])
if args.use_cuda:
features = features.cuda(non_blocking=True)
# get indexes from all processes
y_all = torch.empty(dist.get_world_size(), index.size(0), dtype=index.dtype, device=index.device)
y_l = list(y_all.unbind(0))
y_all_reduce = torch.distributed.all_gather(y_l, index, async_op=True)
y_all_reduce.wait()
index_all = torch.cat(y_l)
# share features between processes
feats_all = torch.empty(dist.get_world_size(), feats.size(0), feats.size(1),
dtype=feats.dtype, device=feats.device)
output_l = list(feats_all.unbind(0))
output_all_reduce = torch.distributed.all_gather(output_l, feats, async_op=True)
output_all_reduce.wait()
# update storage feature matrix
if dist.get_rank() == 0:
if args.use_cuda:
features.index_copy_(0, index_all, torch.cat(output_l))
else:
features.index_copy_(0, index_all.cpu(), torch.cat(output_l).cpu())
return features # features is still None for every rank which is not 0 (main)
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('Copy detection on Copydays')
parser.add_argument('--data_path', default='/path/to/copydays/', type=str,
help="See https://lear.inrialpes.fr/~jegou/data.php#copydays")
parser.add_argument('--whitening_path', default='/path/to/whitening_data/', type=str,
help="""Path to directory with images used for computing the whitening operator.
In our paper, we use 20k random images from YFCC100M.""")
parser.add_argument('--distractors_path', default='/path/to/distractors/', type=str,
help="Path to directory with distractors images. In our paper, we use 10k random images from YFCC100M.")
parser.add_argument('--imsize', default=320, type=int, help='Image size (square image)')
parser.add_argument('--batch_size_per_gpu', default=16, type=int, help='Per-GPU batch-size')
parser.add_argument('--pretrained_weights', default='', type=str, help="Path to pretrained weights to evaluate.")
parser.add_argument('--use_cuda', default=True, type=utils.bool_flag)
parser.add_argument('--arch', default='vit_base', type=str, help='Architecture')
parser.add_argument('--patch_size', default=8, type=int, help='Patch resolution of the model.')
parser.add_argument("--checkpoint_key", default="teacher", type=str,
help='Key to use in the checkpoint (example: "teacher")')
parser.add_argument('--num_workers', default=10, type=int, help='Number of data loading workers per GPU.')
parser.add_argument("--dist_url", default="env://", type=str, help="""url used to set up
distributed training; see https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/distributed.html""")
parser.add_argument("--local_rank", default=0, type=int, help="Please ignore and do not set this argument.")
args = parser.parse_args()
utils.init_distributed_mode(args)
print("git:\n {}\n".format(utils.get_sha()))
print("\n".join("%s: %s" % (k, str(v)) for k, v in sorted(dict(vars(args)).items())))
cudnn.benchmark = True
# ============ building network ... ============
if "vit" in args.arch:
model = vits.__dict__[args.arch](patch_size=args.patch_size, num_classes=0)
print(f"Model {args.arch} {args.patch_size}x{args.patch_size} built.")
else:
print(f"Architecture {args.arch} non supported")
sys.exit(1)
if args.use_cuda:
model.cuda()
model.eval()
utils.load_pretrained_weights(model, args.pretrained_weights, args.checkpoint_key, args.arch, args.patch_size)
dataset = CopydaysDataset(args.data_path)
# ============ Extract features ... ============
# extract features for queries
queries = []
for q in dataset.query_blocks:
queries.append(extract_features(dataset.get_block(q), model, args))
if utils.get_rank() == 0:
queries = torch.cat(queries)
print(f"Extraction of queries features done. Shape: {queries.shape}")
# extract features for database
database = []
for b in dataset.database_blocks:
database.append(extract_features(dataset.get_block(b), model, args))
# extract features for distractors
if os.path.isdir(args.distractors_path):
print("Using distractors...")
list_distractors = [os.path.join(args.distractors_path, s) for s in os.listdir(args.distractors_path) if is_image_file(s)]
database.append(extract_features(list_distractors, model, args))
if utils.get_rank() == 0:
database = torch.cat(database)
print(f"Extraction of database and distractors features done. Shape: {database.shape}")
# ============ Whitening ... ============
if os.path.isdir(args.whitening_path):
print(f"Extracting features on images from {args.whitening_path} for learning the whitening operator.")
list_whit = [os.path.join(args.whitening_path, s) for s in os.listdir(args.whitening_path) if is_image_file(s)]
features_for_whitening = extract_features(list_whit, model, args)
if utils.get_rank() == 0:
# center
mean_feature = torch.mean(features_for_whitening, dim=0)
database -= mean_feature
queries -= mean_feature
pca = utils.PCA(dim=database.shape[-1], whit=0.5)
# compute covariance
cov = torch.mm(features_for_whitening.T, features_for_whitening) / features_for_whitening.shape[0]
pca.train_pca(cov.cpu().numpy())
database = pca.apply(database)
queries = pca.apply(queries)
# ============ Copy detection ... ============
if utils.get_rank() == 0:
# l2 normalize the features
database = nn.functional.normalize(database, dim=1, p=2)
queries = nn.functional.normalize(queries, dim=1, p=2)
# similarity
similarity = torch.mm(queries, database.T)
distances, indices = similarity.topk(20, largest=True, sorted=True)
# evaluate
retrieved = dataset.eval_result(indices, distances)
dist.barrier()
================================================
FILE: eval_image_retrieval.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import sys
import pickle
import argparse
import torch
from torch import nn
import torch.distributed as dist
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
from torchvision import models as torchvision_models
from torchvision import transforms as pth_transforms
from PIL import Image, ImageFile
import numpy as np
import utils
import vision_transformer as vits
from eval_knn import extract_features
class OxfordParisDataset(torch.utils.data.Dataset):
def __init__(self, dir_main, dataset, split, transform=None, imsize=None):
if dataset not in ['roxford5k', 'rparis6k']:
raise ValueError('Unknown dataset: {}!'.format(dataset))
# loading imlist, qimlist, and gnd, in cfg as a dict
gnd_fname = os.path.join(dir_main, dataset, 'gnd_{}.pkl'.format(dataset))
with open(gnd_fname, 'rb') as f:
cfg = pickle.load(f)
cfg['gnd_fname'] = gnd_fname
cfg['ext'] = '.jpg'
cfg['qext'] = '.jpg'
cfg['dir_data'] = os.path.join(dir_main, dataset)
cfg['dir_images'] = os.path.join(cfg['dir_data'], 'jpg')
cfg['n'] = len(cfg['imlist'])
cfg['nq'] = len(cfg['qimlist'])
cfg['im_fname'] = config_imname
cfg['qim_fname'] = config_qimname
cfg['dataset'] = dataset
self.cfg = cfg
self.samples = cfg["qimlist"] if split == "query" else cfg["imlist"]
self.transform = transform
self.imsize = imsize
def __len__(self):
return len(self.samples)
def __getitem__(self, index):
path = os.path.join(self.cfg["dir_images"], self.samples[index] + ".jpg")
ImageFile.LOAD_TRUNCATED_IMAGES = True
with open(path, 'rb') as f:
img = Image.open(f)
img = img.convert('RGB')
if self.imsize is not None:
img.thumbnail((self.imsize, self.imsize), Image.ANTIALIAS)
if self.transform is not None:
img = self.transform(img)
return img, index
def config_imname(cfg, i):
return os.path.join(cfg['dir_images'], cfg['imlist'][i] + cfg['ext'])
def config_qimname(cfg, i):
return os.path.join(cfg['dir_images'], cfg['qimlist'][i] + cfg['qext'])
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('Image Retrieval on revisited Paris and Oxford')
parser.add_argument('--data_path', default='/path/to/revisited_paris_oxford/', type=str)
parser.add_argument('--dataset', default='roxford5k', type=str, choices=['roxford5k', 'rparis6k'])
parser.add_argument('--multiscale', default=False, type=utils.bool_flag)
parser.add_argument('--imsize', default=224, type=int, help='Image size')
parser.add_argument('--pretrained_weights', default='', type=str, help="Path to pretrained weights to evaluate.")
parser.add_argument('--use_cuda', default=True, type=utils.bool_flag)
parser.add_argument('--arch', default='vit_small', type=str, help='Architecture')
parser.add_argument('--patch_size', default=16, type=int, help='Patch resolution of the model.')
parser.add_argument("--checkpoint_key", default="teacher", type=str,
help='Key to use in the checkpoint (example: "teacher")')
parser.add_argument('--num_workers', default=10, type=int, help='Number of data loading workers per GPU.')
parser.add_argument("--dist_url", default="env://", type=str, help="""url used to set up
distributed training; see https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/distributed.html""")
parser.add_argument("--local_rank", default=0, type=int, help="Please ignore and do not set this argument.")
args = parser.parse_args()
utils.init_distributed_mode(args)
print("git:\n {}\n".format(utils.get_sha()))
print("\n".join("%s: %s" % (k, str(v)) for k, v in sorted(dict(vars(args)).items())))
cudnn.benchmark = True
# ============ preparing data ... ============
transform = pth_transforms.Compose([
pth_transforms.ToTensor(),
pth_transforms.Normalize((0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)),
])
dataset_train = OxfordParisDataset(args.data_path, args.dataset, split="train", transform=transform, imsize=args.imsize)
dataset_query = OxfordParisDataset(args.data_path, args.dataset, split="query", transform=transform, imsize=args.imsize)
sampler = torch.utils.data.DistributedSampler(dataset_train, shuffle=False)
data_loader_train = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
dataset_train,
sampler=sampler,
batch_size=1,
num_workers=args.num_workers,
pin_memory=True,
drop_last=False,
)
data_loader_query = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
dataset_query,
batch_size=1,
num_workers=args.num_workers,
pin_memory=True,
drop_last=False,
)
print(f"train: {len(dataset_train)} imgs / query: {len(dataset_query)} imgs")
# ============ building network ... ============
if "vit" in args.arch:
model = vits.__dict__[args.arch](patch_size=args.patch_size, num_classes=0)
print(f"Model {args.arch} {args.patch_size}x{args.patch_size} built.")
elif "xcit" in args.arch:
model = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', args.arch, num_classes=0)
elif args.arch in torchvision_models.__dict__.keys():
model = torchvision_models.__dict__[args.arch](num_classes=0)
else:
print(f"Architecture {args.arch} non supported")
sys.exit(1)
if args.use_cuda:
model.cuda()
model.eval()
# load pretrained weights
if os.path.isfile(args.pretrained_weights):
state_dict = torch.load(args.pretrained_weights, map_location="cpu")
if args.checkpoint_key is not None and args.checkpoint_key in state_dict:
print(f"Take key {args.checkpoint_key} in provided checkpoint dict")
state_dict = state_dict[args.checkpoint_key]
# remove `module.` prefix
state_dict = {k.replace("module.", ""): v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
# remove `backbone.` prefix induced by multicrop wrapper
state_dict = {k.replace("backbone.", ""): v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
msg = model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=False)
print('Pretrained weights found at {} and loaded with msg: {}'.format(args.pretrained_weights, msg))
elif args.arch == "vit_small" and args.patch_size == 16:
print("Since no pretrained weights have been provided, we load pretrained DINO weights on Google Landmark v2.")
model.load_state_dict(torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_vitsmall16_googlelandmark_pretrain/dino_vitsmall16_googlelandmark_pretrain.pth"))
else:
print("Warning: We use random weights.")
############################################################################
# Step 1: extract features
train_features = extract_features(model, data_loader_train, args.use_cuda, multiscale=args.multiscale)
query_features = extract_features(model, data_loader_query, args.use_cuda, multiscale=args.multiscale)
if utils.get_rank() == 0: # only rank 0 will work from now on
# normalize features
train_features = nn.functional.normalize(train_features, dim=1, p=2)
query_features = nn.functional.normalize(query_features, dim=1, p=2)
############################################################################
# Step 2: similarity
sim = torch.mm(train_features, query_features.T)
ranks = torch.argsort(-sim, dim=0).cpu().numpy()
############################################################################
# Step 3: evaluate
gnd = dataset_train.cfg['gnd']
# evaluate ranks
ks = [1, 5, 10]
# search for easy & hard
gnd_t = []
for i in range(len(gnd)):
g = {}
g['ok'] = np.concatenate([gnd[i]['easy'], gnd[i]['hard']])
g['junk'] = np.concatenate([gnd[i]['junk']])
gnd_t.append(g)
mapM, apsM, mprM, prsM = utils.compute_map(ranks, gnd_t, ks)
# search for hard
gnd_t = []
for i in range(len(gnd)):
g = {}
g['ok'] = np.concatenate([gnd[i]['hard']])
g['junk'] = np.concatenate([gnd[i]['junk'], gnd[i]['easy']])
gnd_t.append(g)
mapH, apsH, mprH, prsH = utils.compute_map(ranks, gnd_t, ks)
print('>> {}: mAP M: {}, H: {}'.format(args.dataset, np.around(mapM*100, decimals=2), np.around(mapH*100, decimals=2)))
print('>> {}: mP@k{} M: {}, H: {}'.format(args.dataset, np.array(ks), np.around(mprM*100, decimals=2), np.around(mprH*100, decimals=2)))
dist.barrier()
================================================
FILE: eval_knn.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import sys
import argparse
import torch
from torch import nn
import torch.distributed as dist
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
from torchvision import datasets
from torchvision import transforms as pth_transforms
from torchvision import models as torchvision_models
import utils
import vision_transformer as vits
def extract_feature_pipeline(args):
# ============ preparing data ... ============
transform = pth_transforms.Compose([
pth_transforms.Resize(256, interpolation=3),
pth_transforms.CenterCrop(224),
pth_transforms.ToTensor(),
pth_transforms.Normalize((0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)),
])
dataset_train = ReturnIndexDataset(os.path.join(args.data_path, "train"), transform=transform)
dataset_val = ReturnIndexDataset(os.path.join(args.data_path, "val"), transform=transform)
sampler = torch.utils.data.DistributedSampler(dataset_train, shuffle=False)
data_loader_train = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
dataset_train,
sampler=sampler,
batch_size=args.batch_size_per_gpu,
num_workers=args.num_workers,
pin_memory=True,
drop_last=False,
)
data_loader_val = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
dataset_val,
batch_size=args.batch_size_per_gpu,
num_workers=args.num_workers,
pin_memory=True,
drop_last=False,
)
print(f"Data loaded with {len(dataset_train)} train and {len(dataset_val)} val imgs.")
# ============ building network ... ============
if "vit" in args.arch:
model = vits.__dict__[args.arch](patch_size=args.patch_size, num_classes=0)
print(f"Model {args.arch} {args.patch_size}x{args.patch_size} built.")
elif "xcit" in args.arch:
model = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', args.arch, num_classes=0)
elif args.arch in torchvision_models.__dict__.keys():
model = torchvision_models.__dict__[args.arch](num_classes=0)
model.fc = nn.Identity()
else:
print(f"Architecture {args.arch} non supported")
sys.exit(1)
model.cuda()
utils.load_pretrained_weights(model, args.pretrained_weights, args.checkpoint_key, args.arch, args.patch_size)
model.eval()
# ============ extract features ... ============
print("Extracting features for train set...")
train_features = extract_features(model, data_loader_train, args.use_cuda)
print("Extracting features for val set...")
test_features = extract_features(model, data_loader_val, args.use_cuda)
if utils.get_rank() == 0:
train_features = nn.functional.normalize(train_features, dim=1, p=2)
test_features = nn.functional.normalize(test_features, dim=1, p=2)
train_labels = torch.tensor([s[-1] for s in dataset_train.samples]).long()
test_labels = torch.tensor([s[-1] for s in dataset_val.samples]).long()
# save features and labels
if args.dump_features and dist.get_rank() == 0:
torch.save(train_features.cpu(), os.path.join(args.dump_features, "trainfeat.pth"))
torch.save(test_features.cpu(), os.path.join(args.dump_features, "testfeat.pth"))
torch.save(train_labels.cpu(), os.path.join(args.dump_features, "trainlabels.pth"))
torch.save(test_labels.cpu(), os.path.join(args.dump_features, "testlabels.pth"))
return train_features, test_features, train_labels, test_labels
@torch.no_grad()
def extract_features(model, data_loader, use_cuda=True, multiscale=False):
metric_logger = utils.MetricLogger(delimiter=" ")
features = None
for samples, index in metric_logger.log_every(data_loader, 10):
samples = samples.cuda(non_blocking=True)
index = index.cuda(non_blocking=True)
if multiscale:
feats = utils.multi_scale(samples, model)
else:
feats = model(samples).clone()
# init storage feature matrix
if dist.get_rank() == 0 and features is None:
features = torch.zeros(len(data_loader.dataset), feats.shape[-1])
if use_cuda:
features = features.cuda(non_blocking=True)
print(f"Storing features into tensor of shape {features.shape}")
# get indexes from all processes
y_all = torch.empty(dist.get_world_size(), index.size(0), dtype=index.dtype, device=index.device)
y_l = list(y_all.unbind(0))
y_all_reduce = torch.distributed.all_gather(y_l, index, async_op=True)
y_all_reduce.wait()
index_all = torch.cat(y_l)
# share features between processes
feats_all = torch.empty(
dist.get_world_size(),
feats.size(0),
feats.size(1),
dtype=feats.dtype,
device=feats.device,
)
output_l = list(feats_all.unbind(0))
output_all_reduce = torch.distributed.all_gather(output_l, feats, async_op=True)
output_all_reduce.wait()
# update storage feature matrix
if dist.get_rank() == 0:
if use_cuda:
features.index_copy_(0, index_all, torch.cat(output_l))
else:
features.index_copy_(0, index_all.cpu(), torch.cat(output_l).cpu())
return features
@torch.no_grad()
def knn_classifier(train_features, train_labels, test_features, test_labels, k, T, num_classes=1000):
top1, top5, total = 0.0, 0.0, 0
train_features = train_features.t()
num_test_images, num_chunks = test_labels.shape[0], 100
imgs_per_chunk = num_test_images // num_chunks
retrieval_one_hot = torch.zeros(k, num_classes).to(train_features.device)
for idx in range(0, num_test_images, imgs_per_chunk):
# get the features for test images
features = test_features[
idx : min((idx + imgs_per_chunk), num_test_images), :
]
targets = test_labels[idx : min((idx + imgs_per_chunk), num_test_images)]
batch_size = targets.shape[0]
# calculate the dot product and compute top-k neighbors
similarity = torch.mm(features, train_features)
distances, indices = similarity.topk(k, largest=True, sorted=True)
candidates = train_labels.view(1, -1).expand(batch_size, -1)
retrieved_neighbors = torch.gather(candidates, 1, indices)
retrieval_one_hot.resize_(batch_size * k, num_classes).zero_()
retrieval_one_hot.scatter_(1, retrieved_neighbors.view(-1, 1), 1)
distances_transform = distances.clone().div_(T).exp_()
probs = torch.sum(
torch.mul(
retrieval_one_hot.view(batch_size, -1, num_classes),
distances_transform.view(batch_size, -1, 1),
),
1,
)
_, predictions = probs.sort(1, True)
# find the predictions that match the target
correct = predictions.eq(targets.data.view(-1, 1))
top1 = top1 + correct.narrow(1, 0, 1).sum().item()
top5 = top5 + correct.narrow(1, 0, min(5, k)).sum().item() # top5 does not make sense if k < 5
total += targets.size(0)
top1 = top1 * 100.0 / total
top5 = top5 * 100.0 / total
return top1, top5
class ReturnIndexDataset(datasets.ImageFolder):
def __getitem__(self, idx):
img, lab = super(ReturnIndexDataset, self).__getitem__(idx)
return img, idx
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('Evaluation with weighted k-NN on ImageNet')
parser.add_argument('--batch_size_per_gpu', default=128, type=int, help='Per-GPU batch-size')
parser.add_argument('--nb_knn', default=[10, 20, 100, 200], nargs='+', type=int,
help='Number of NN to use. 20 is usually working the best.')
parser.add_argument('--temperature', default=0.07, type=float,
help='Temperature used in the voting coefficient')
parser.add_argument('--pretrained_weights', default='', type=str, help="Path to pretrained weights to evaluate.")
parser.add_argument('--use_cuda', default=True, type=utils.bool_flag,
help="Should we store the features on GPU? We recommend setting this to False if you encounter OOM")
parser.add_argument('--arch', default='vit_small', type=str, help='Architecture')
parser.add_argument('--patch_size', default=16, type=int, help='Patch resolution of the model.')
parser.add_argument("--checkpoint_key", default="teacher", type=str,
help='Key to use in the checkpoint (example: "teacher")')
parser.add_argument('--dump_features', default=None,
help='Path where to save computed features, empty for no saving')
parser.add_argument('--load_features', default=None, help="""If the features have
already been computed, where to find them.""")
parser.add_argument('--num_workers', default=10, type=int, help='Number of data loading workers per GPU.')
parser.add_argument("--dist_url", default="env://", type=str, help="""url used to set up
distributed training; see https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/distributed.html""")
parser.add_argument("--local_rank", default=0, type=int, help="Please ignore and do not set this argument.")
parser.add_argument('--data_path', default='/path/to/imagenet/', type=str)
args = parser.parse_args()
utils.init_distributed_mode(args)
print("git:\n {}\n".format(utils.get_sha()))
print("\n".join("%s: %s" % (k, str(v)) for k, v in sorted(dict(vars(args)).items())))
cudnn.benchmark = True
if args.load_features:
train_features = torch.load(os.path.join(args.load_features, "trainfeat.pth"))
test_features = torch.load(os.path.join(args.load_features, "testfeat.pth"))
train_labels = torch.load(os.path.join(args.load_features, "trainlabels.pth"))
test_labels = torch.load(os.path.join(args.load_features, "testlabels.pth"))
else:
# need to extract features !
train_features, test_features, train_labels, test_labels = extract_feature_pipeline(args)
if utils.get_rank() == 0:
if args.use_cuda:
train_features = train_features.cuda()
test_features = test_features.cuda()
train_labels = train_labels.cuda()
test_labels = test_labels.cuda()
print("Features are ready!\nStart the k-NN classification.")
for k in args.nb_knn:
top1, top5 = knn_classifier(train_features, train_labels,
test_features, test_labels, k, args.temperature)
print(f"{k}-NN classifier result: Top1: {top1}, Top5: {top5}")
dist.barrier()
================================================
FILE: eval_linear.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import argparse
import json
from pathlib import Path
import torch
from torch import nn
import torch.distributed as dist
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
from torchvision import datasets
from torchvision import transforms as pth_transforms
from torchvision import models as torchvision_models
import utils
import vision_transformer as vits
def eval_linear(args):
utils.init_distributed_mode(args)
print("git:\n {}\n".format(utils.get_sha()))
print("\n".join("%s: %s" % (k, str(v)) for k, v in sorted(dict(vars(args)).items())))
cudnn.benchmark = True
# ============ building network ... ============
# if the network is a Vision Transformer (i.e. vit_tiny, vit_small, vit_base)
if args.arch in vits.__dict__.keys():
model = vits.__dict__[args.arch](patch_size=args.patch_size, num_classes=0)
embed_dim = model.embed_dim * (args.n_last_blocks + int(args.avgpool_patchtokens))
# if the network is a XCiT
elif "xcit" in args.arch:
model = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', args.arch, num_classes=0)
embed_dim = model.embed_dim
# otherwise, we check if the architecture is in torchvision models
elif args.arch in torchvision_models.__dict__.keys():
model = torchvision_models.__dict__[args.arch]()
embed_dim = model.fc.weight.shape[1]
model.fc = nn.Identity()
else:
print(f"Unknow architecture: {args.arch}")
sys.exit(1)
model.cuda()
model.eval()
# load weights to evaluate
utils.load_pretrained_weights(model, args.pretrained_weights, args.checkpoint_key, args.arch, args.patch_size)
print(f"Model {args.arch} built.")
linear_classifier = LinearClassifier(embed_dim, num_labels=args.num_labels)
linear_classifier = linear_classifier.cuda()
linear_classifier = nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel(linear_classifier, device_ids=[args.gpu])
# ============ preparing data ... ============
val_transform = pth_transforms.Compose([
pth_transforms.Resize(256, interpolation=3),
pth_transforms.CenterCrop(224),
pth_transforms.ToTensor(),
pth_transforms.Normalize((0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)),
])
dataset_val = datasets.ImageFolder(os.path.join(args.data_path, "val"), transform=val_transform)
val_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
dataset_val,
batch_size=args.batch_size_per_gpu,
num_workers=args.num_workers,
pin_memory=True,
)
if args.evaluate:
utils.load_pretrained_linear_weights(linear_classifier, args.arch, args.patch_size)
test_stats = validate_network(val_loader, model, linear_classifier, args.n_last_blocks, args.avgpool_patchtokens)
print(f"Accuracy of the network on the {len(dataset_val)} test images: {test_stats['acc1']:.1f}%")
return
train_transform = pth_transforms.Compose([
pth_transforms.RandomResizedCrop(224),
pth_transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(),
pth_transforms.ToTensor(),
pth_transforms.Normalize((0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)),
])
dataset_train = datasets.ImageFolder(os.path.join(args.data_path, "train"), transform=train_transform)
sampler = torch.utils.data.distributed.DistributedSampler(dataset_train)
train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
dataset_train,
sampler=sampler,
batch_size=args.batch_size_per_gpu,
num_workers=args.num_workers,
pin_memory=True,
)
print(f"Data loaded with {len(dataset_train)} train and {len(dataset_val)} val imgs.")
# set optimizer
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(
linear_classifier.parameters(),
args.lr * (args.batch_size_per_gpu * utils.get_world_size()) / 256., # linear scaling rule
momentum=0.9,
weight_decay=0, # we do not apply weight decay
)
scheduler = torch.optim.lr_scheduler.CosineAnnealingLR(optimizer, args.epochs, eta_min=0)
# Optionally resume from a checkpoint
to_restore = {"epoch": 0, "best_acc": 0.}
utils.restart_from_checkpoint(
os.path.join(args.output_dir, "checkpoint.pth.tar"),
run_variables=to_restore,
state_dict=linear_classifier,
optimizer=optimizer,
scheduler=scheduler,
)
start_epoch = to_restore["epoch"]
best_acc = to_restore["best_acc"]
for epoch in range(start_epoch, args.epochs):
train_loader.sampler.set_epoch(epoch)
train_stats = train(model, linear_classifier, optimizer, train_loader, epoch, args.n_last_blocks, args.avgpool_patchtokens)
scheduler.step()
log_stats = {**{f'train_{k}': v for k, v in train_stats.items()},
'epoch': epoch}
if epoch % args.val_freq == 0 or epoch == args.epochs - 1:
test_stats = validate_network(val_loader, model, linear_classifier, args.n_last_blocks, args.avgpool_patchtokens)
print(f"Accuracy at epoch {epoch} of the network on the {len(dataset_val)} test images: {test_stats['acc1']:.1f}%")
best_acc = max(best_acc, test_stats["acc1"])
print(f'Max accuracy so far: {best_acc:.2f}%')
log_stats = {**{k: v for k, v in log_stats.items()},
**{f'test_{k}': v for k, v in test_stats.items()}}
if utils.is_main_process():
with (Path(args.output_dir) / "log.txt").open("a") as f:
f.write(json.dumps(log_stats) + "\n")
save_dict = {
"epoch": epoch + 1,
"state_dict": linear_classifier.state_dict(),
"optimizer": optimizer.state_dict(),
"scheduler": scheduler.state_dict(),
"best_acc": best_acc,
}
torch.save(save_dict, os.path.join(args.output_dir, "checkpoint.pth.tar"))
print("Training of the supervised linear classifier on frozen features completed.\n"
"Top-1 test accuracy: {acc:.1f}".format(acc=best_acc))
def train(model, linear_classifier, optimizer, loader, epoch, n, avgpool):
linear_classifier.train()
metric_logger = utils.MetricLogger(delimiter=" ")
metric_logger.add_meter('lr', utils.SmoothedValue(window_size=1, fmt='{value:.6f}'))
header = 'Epoch: [{}]'.format(epoch)
for (inp, target) in metric_logger.log_every(loader, 20, header):
# move to gpu
inp = inp.cuda(non_blocking=True)
target = target.cuda(non_blocking=True)
# forward
with torch.no_grad():
if "vit" in args.arch:
intermediate_output = model.get_intermediate_layers(inp, n)
output = torch.cat([x[:, 0] for x in intermediate_output], dim=-1)
if avgpool:
output = torch.cat((output.unsqueeze(-1), torch.mean(intermediate_output[-1][:, 1:], dim=1).unsqueeze(-1)), dim=-1)
output = output.reshape(output.shape[0], -1)
else:
output = model(inp)
output = linear_classifier(output)
# compute cross entropy loss
loss = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()(output, target)
# compute the gradients
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss.backward()
# step
optimizer.step()
# log
torch.cuda.synchronize()
metric_logger.update(loss=loss.item())
metric_logger.update(lr=optimizer.param_groups[0]["lr"])
# gather the stats from all processes
metric_logger.synchronize_between_processes()
print("Averaged stats:", metric_logger)
return {k: meter.global_avg for k, meter in metric_logger.meters.items()}
@torch.no_grad()
def validate_network(val_loader, model, linear_classifier, n, avgpool):
linear_classifier.eval()
metric_logger = utils.MetricLogger(delimiter=" ")
header = 'Test:'
for inp, target in metric_logger.log_every(val_loader, 20, header):
# move to gpu
inp = inp.cuda(non_blocking=True)
target = target.cuda(non_blocking=True)
# forward
with torch.no_grad():
if "vit" in args.arch:
intermediate_output = model.get_intermediate_layers(inp, n)
output = torch.cat([x[:, 0] for x in intermediate_output], dim=-1)
if avgpool:
output = torch.cat((output.unsqueeze(-1), torch.mean(intermediate_output[-1][:, 1:], dim=1).unsqueeze(-1)), dim=-1)
output = output.reshape(output.shape[0], -1)
else:
output = model(inp)
output = linear_classifier(output)
loss = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()(output, target)
if linear_classifier.module.num_labels >= 5:
acc1, acc5 = utils.accuracy(output, target, topk=(1, 5))
else:
acc1, = utils.accuracy(output, target, topk=(1,))
batch_size = inp.shape[0]
metric_logger.update(loss=loss.item())
metric_logger.meters['acc1'].update(acc1.item(), n=batch_size)
if linear_classifier.module.num_labels >= 5:
metric_logger.meters['acc5'].update(acc5.item(), n=batch_size)
if linear_classifier.module.num_labels >= 5:
print('* Acc@1 {top1.global_avg:.3f} Acc@5 {top5.global_avg:.3f} loss {losses.global_avg:.3f}'
.format(top1=metric_logger.acc1, top5=metric_logger.acc5, losses=metric_logger.loss))
else:
print('* Acc@1 {top1.global_avg:.3f} loss {losses.global_avg:.3f}'
.format(top1=metric_logger.acc1, losses=metric_logger.loss))
return {k: meter.global_avg for k, meter in metric_logger.meters.items()}
class LinearClassifier(nn.Module):
"""Linear layer to train on top of frozen features"""
def __init__(self, dim, num_labels=1000):
super(LinearClassifier, self).__init__()
self.num_labels = num_labels
self.linear = nn.Linear(dim, num_labels)
self.linear.weight.data.normal_(mean=0.0, std=0.01)
self.linear.bias.data.zero_()
def forward(self, x):
# flatten
x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
# linear layer
return self.linear(x)
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('Evaluation with linear classification on ImageNet')
parser.add_argument('--n_last_blocks', default=4, type=int, help="""Concatenate [CLS] tokens
for the `n` last blocks. We use `n=4` when evaluating ViT-Small and `n=1` with ViT-Base.""")
parser.add_argument('--avgpool_patchtokens', default=False, type=utils.bool_flag,
help="""Whether ot not to concatenate the global average pooled features to the [CLS] token.
We typically set this to False for ViT-Small and to True with ViT-Base.""")
parser.add_argument('--arch', default='vit_small', type=str, help='Architecture')
parser.add_argument('--patch_size', default=16, type=int, help='Patch resolution of the model.')
parser.add_argument('--pretrained_weights', default='', type=str, help="Path to pretrained weights to evaluate.")
parser.add_argument("--checkpoint_key", default="teacher", type=str, help='Key to use in the checkpoint (example: "teacher")')
parser.add_argument('--epochs', default=100, type=int, help='Number of epochs of training.')
parser.add_argument("--lr", default=0.001, type=float, help="""Learning rate at the beginning of
training (highest LR used during training). The learning rate is linearly scaled
with the batch size, and specified here for a reference batch size of 256.
We recommend tweaking the LR depending on the checkpoint evaluated.""")
parser.add_argument('--batch_size_per_gpu', default=128, type=int, help='Per-GPU batch-size')
parser.add_argument("--dist_url", default="env://", type=str, help="""url used to set up
distributed training; see https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/distributed.html""")
parser.add_argument("--local_rank", default=0, type=int, help="Please ignore and do not set this argument.")
parser.add_argument('--data_path', default='/path/to/imagenet/', type=str)
parser.add_argument('--num_workers', default=10, type=int, help='Number of data loading workers per GPU.')
parser.add_argument('--val_freq', default=1, type=int, help="Epoch frequency for validation.")
parser.add_argument('--output_dir', default=".", help='Path to save logs and checkpoints')
parser.add_argument('--num_labels', default=1000, type=int, help='Number of labels for linear classifier')
parser.add_argument('--evaluate', dest='evaluate', action='store_true', help='evaluate model on validation set')
args = parser.parse_args()
eval_linear(args)
================================================
FILE: eval_video_segmentation.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
Some parts are taken from https://github.com/Liusifei/UVC
"""
import os
import copy
import glob
import queue
from urllib.request import urlopen
import argparse
import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm
import cv2
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.nn import functional as F
from PIL import Image
from torchvision import transforms
import utils
import vision_transformer as vits
@torch.no_grad()
def eval_video_tracking_davis(args, model, frame_list, video_dir, first_seg, seg_ori, color_palette):
"""
Evaluate tracking on a video given first frame & segmentation
"""
video_folder = os.path.join(args.output_dir, video_dir.split('/')[-1])
os.makedirs(video_folder, exist_ok=True)
# The queue stores the n preceeding frames
que = queue.Queue(args.n_last_frames)
# first frame
frame1, ori_h, ori_w = read_frame(frame_list[0])
# extract first frame feature
frame1_feat = extract_feature(model, frame1).T # dim x h*w
# saving first segmentation
out_path = os.path.join(video_folder, "00000.png")
imwrite_indexed(out_path, seg_ori, color_palette)
mask_neighborhood = None
for cnt in tqdm(range(1, len(frame_list))):
frame_tar = read_frame(frame_list[cnt])[0]
# we use the first segmentation and the n previous ones
used_frame_feats = [frame1_feat] + [pair[0] for pair in list(que.queue)]
used_segs = [first_seg] + [pair[1] for pair in list(que.queue)]
frame_tar_avg, feat_tar, mask_neighborhood = label_propagation(args, model, frame_tar, used_frame_feats, used_segs, mask_neighborhood)
# pop out oldest frame if neccessary
if que.qsize() == args.n_last_frames:
que.get()
# push current results into queue
seg = copy.deepcopy(frame_tar_avg)
que.put([feat_tar, seg])
# upsampling & argmax
frame_tar_avg = F.interpolate(frame_tar_avg, scale_factor=args.patch_size, mode='bilinear', align_corners=False, recompute_scale_factor=False)[0]
frame_tar_avg = norm_mask(frame_tar_avg)
_, frame_tar_seg = torch.max(frame_tar_avg, dim=0)
# saving to disk
frame_tar_seg = np.array(frame_tar_seg.squeeze().cpu(), dtype=np.uint8)
frame_tar_seg = np.array(Image.fromarray(frame_tar_seg).resize((ori_w, ori_h), 0))
frame_nm = frame_list[cnt].split('/')[-1].replace(".jpg", ".png")
imwrite_indexed(os.path.join(video_folder, frame_nm), frame_tar_seg, color_palette)
def restrict_neighborhood(h, w):
# We restrict the set of source nodes considered to a spatial neighborhood of the query node (i.e. ``local attention'')
mask = torch.zeros(h, w, h, w)
for i in range(h):
for j in range(w):
for p in range(2 * args.size_mask_neighborhood + 1):
for q in range(2 * args.size_mask_neighborhood + 1):
if i - args.size_mask_neighborhood + p < 0 or i - args.size_mask_neighborhood + p >= h:
continue
if j - args.size_mask_neighborhood + q < 0 or j - args.size_mask_neighborhood + q >= w:
continue
mask[i, j, i - args.size_mask_neighborhood + p, j - args.size_mask_neighborhood + q] = 1
mask = mask.reshape(h * w, h * w)
return mask.cuda(non_blocking=True)
def norm_mask(mask):
c, h, w = mask.size()
for cnt in range(c):
mask_cnt = mask[cnt,:,:]
if(mask_cnt.max() > 0):
mask_cnt = (mask_cnt - mask_cnt.min())
mask_cnt = mask_cnt/mask_cnt.max()
mask[cnt,:,:] = mask_cnt
return mask
def label_propagation(args, model, frame_tar, list_frame_feats, list_segs, mask_neighborhood=None):
"""
propagate segs of frames in list_frames to frame_tar
"""
## we only need to extract feature of the target frame
feat_tar, h, w = extract_feature(model, frame_tar, return_h_w=True)
return_feat_tar = feat_tar.T # dim x h*w
ncontext = len(list_frame_feats)
feat_sources = torch.stack(list_frame_feats) # nmb_context x dim x h*w
feat_tar = F.normalize(feat_tar, dim=1, p=2)
feat_sources = F.normalize(feat_sources, dim=1, p=2)
feat_tar = feat_tar.unsqueeze(0).repeat(ncontext, 1, 1)
aff = torch.exp(torch.bmm(feat_tar, feat_sources) / 0.1) # nmb_context x h*w (tar: query) x h*w (source: keys)
if args.size_mask_neighborhood > 0:
if mask_neighborhood is None:
mask_neighborhood = restrict_neighborhood(h, w)
mask_neighborhood = mask_neighborhood.unsqueeze(0).repeat(ncontext, 1, 1)
aff *= mask_neighborhood
aff = aff.transpose(2, 1).reshape(-1, h * w) # nmb_context*h*w (source: keys) x h*w (tar: queries)
tk_val, _ = torch.topk(aff, dim=0, k=args.topk)
tk_val_min, _ = torch.min(tk_val, dim=0)
aff[aff < tk_val_min] = 0
aff = aff / torch.sum(aff, keepdim=True, axis=0)
list_segs = [s.cuda() for s in list_segs]
segs = torch.cat(list_segs)
nmb_context, C, h, w = segs.shape
segs = segs.reshape(nmb_context, C, -1).transpose(2, 1).reshape(-1, C).T # C x nmb_context*h*w
seg_tar = torch.mm(segs, aff)
seg_tar = seg_tar.reshape(1, C, h, w)
return seg_tar, return_feat_tar, mask_neighborhood
def extract_feature(model, frame, return_h_w=False):
"""Extract one frame feature everytime."""
out = model.get_intermediate_layers(frame.unsqueeze(0).cuda(), n=1)[0]
out = out[:, 1:, :] # we discard the [CLS] token
h, w = int(frame.shape[1] / model.patch_embed.patch_size), int(frame.shape[2] / model.patch_embed.patch_size)
dim = out.shape[-1]
out = out[0].reshape(h, w, dim)
out = out.reshape(-1, dim)
if return_h_w:
return out, h, w
return out
def imwrite_indexed(filename, array, color_palette):
""" Save indexed png for DAVIS."""
if np.atleast_3d(array).shape[2] != 1:
raise Exception("Saving indexed PNGs requires 2D array.")
im = Image.fromarray(array)
im.putpalette(color_palette.ravel())
im.save(filename, format='PNG')
def to_one_hot(y_tensor, n_dims=None):
"""
Take integer y (tensor or variable) with n dims &
convert it to 1-hot representation with n+1 dims.
"""
if(n_dims is None):
n_dims = int(y_tensor.max()+ 1)
_,h,w = y_tensor.size()
y_tensor = y_tensor.type(torch.LongTensor).view(-1, 1)
n_dims = n_dims if n_dims is not None else int(torch.max(y_tensor)) + 1
y_one_hot = torch.zeros(y_tensor.size()[0], n_dims).scatter_(1, y_tensor, 1)
y_one_hot = y_one_hot.view(h,w,n_dims)
return y_one_hot.permute(2, 0, 1).unsqueeze(0)
def read_frame_list(video_dir):
frame_list = [img for img in glob.glob(os.path.join(video_dir,"*.jpg"))]
frame_list = sorted(frame_list)
return frame_list
def read_frame(frame_dir, scale_size=[480]):
"""
read a single frame & preprocess
"""
img = cv2.imread(frame_dir)
ori_h, ori_w, _ = img.shape
if len(scale_size) == 1:
if(ori_h > ori_w):
tw = scale_size[0]
th = (tw * ori_h) / ori_w
th = int((th // 64) * 64)
else:
th = scale_size[0]
tw = (th * ori_w) / ori_h
tw = int((tw // 64) * 64)
else:
th, tw = scale_size
img = cv2.resize(img, (tw, th))
img = img.astype(np.float32)
img = img / 255.0
img = img[:, :, ::-1]
img = np.transpose(img.copy(), (2, 0, 1))
img = torch.from_numpy(img).float()
img = color_normalize(img)
return img, ori_h, ori_w
def read_seg(seg_dir, factor, scale_size=[480]):
seg = Image.open(seg_dir)
_w, _h = seg.size # note PIL.Image.Image's size is (w, h)
if len(scale_size) == 1:
if(_w > _h):
_th = scale_size[0]
_tw = (_th * _w) / _h
_tw = int((_tw // 64) * 64)
else:
_tw = scale_size[0]
_th = (_tw * _h) / _w
_th = int((_th // 64) * 64)
else:
_th = scale_size[1]
_tw = scale_size[0]
small_seg = np.array(seg.resize((_tw // factor, _th // factor), 0))
small_seg = torch.from_numpy(small_seg.copy()).contiguous().float().unsqueeze(0)
return to_one_hot(small_seg), np.asarray(seg)
def color_normalize(x, mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406], std=[0.228, 0.224, 0.225]):
for t, m, s in zip(x, mean, std):
t.sub_(m)
t.div_(s)
return x
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('Evaluation with video object segmentation on DAVIS 2017')
parser.add_argument('--pretrained_weights', default='', type=str, help="Path to pretrained weights to evaluate.")
parser.add_argument('--arch', default='vit_small', type=str,
choices=['vit_tiny', 'vit_small', 'vit_base'], help='Architecture (support only ViT atm).')
parser.add_argument('--patch_size', default=16, type=int, help='Patch resolution of the model.')
parser.add_argument("--checkpoint_key", default="teacher", type=str, help='Key to use in the checkpoint (example: "teacher")')
parser.add_argument('--output_dir', default=".", help='Path where to save segmentations')
parser.add_argument('--data_path', default='/path/to/davis/', type=str)
parser.add_argument("--n_last_frames", type=int, default=7, help="number of preceeding frames")
parser.add_argument("--size_mask_neighborhood", default=12, type=int,
help="We restrict the set of source nodes considered to a spatial neighborhood of the query node")
parser.add_argument("--topk", type=int, default=5, help="accumulate label from top k neighbors")
parser.add_argument("--bs", type=int, default=6, help="Batch size, try to reduce if OOM")
args = parser.parse_args()
print("git:\n {}\n".format(utils.get_sha()))
print("\n".join("%s: %s" % (k, str(v)) for k, v in sorted(dict(vars(args)).items())))
# building network
model = vits.__dict__[args.arch](patch_size=args.patch_size, num_classes=0)
print(f"Model {args.arch} {args.patch_size}x{args.patch_size} built.")
model.cuda()
utils.load_pretrained_weights(model, args.pretrained_weights, args.checkpoint_key, args.arch, args.patch_size)
for param in model.parameters():
param.requires_grad = False
model.eval()
color_palette = []
for line in urlopen("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Liusifei/UVC/master/libs/data/palette.txt"):
color_palette.append([int(i) for i in line.decode("utf-8").split('\n')[0].split(" ")])
color_palette = np.asarray(color_palette, dtype=np.uint8).reshape(-1,3)
video_list = open(os.path.join(args.data_path, "ImageSets/2017/val.txt")).readlines()
for i, video_name in enumerate(video_list):
video_name = video_name.strip()
print(f'[{i}/{len(video_list)}] Begin to segmentate video {video_name}.')
video_dir = os.path.join(args.data_path, "JPEGImages/480p/", video_name)
frame_list = read_frame_list(video_dir)
seg_path = frame_list[0].replace("JPEGImages", "Annotations").replace("jpg", "png")
first_seg, seg_ori = read_seg(seg_path, args.patch_size)
eval_video_tracking_davis(args, model, frame_list, video_dir, first_seg, seg_ori, color_palette)
================================================
FILE: hubconf.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import torch
from torchvision.models.resnet import resnet50
import vision_transformer as vits
dependencies = ["torch", "torchvision"]
def dino_vits16(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
ViT-Small/16x16 pre-trained with DINO.
Achieves 74.5% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet with k-NN classification.
"""
model = vits.__dict__["vit_small"](patch_size=16, num_classes=0, **kwargs)
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_deitsmall16_pretrain/dino_deitsmall16_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
return model
def dino_vits8(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
ViT-Small/8x8 pre-trained with DINO.
Achieves 78.3% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet with k-NN classification.
"""
model = vits.__dict__["vit_small"](patch_size=8, num_classes=0, **kwargs)
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_deitsmall8_pretrain/dino_deitsmall8_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
return model
def dino_vitb16(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
ViT-Base/16x16 pre-trained with DINO.
Achieves 76.1% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet with k-NN classification.
"""
model = vits.__dict__["vit_base"](patch_size=16, num_classes=0, **kwargs)
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_vitbase16_pretrain/dino_vitbase16_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
return model
def dino_vitb8(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
ViT-Base/8x8 pre-trained with DINO.
Achieves 77.4% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet with k-NN classification.
"""
model = vits.__dict__["vit_base"](patch_size=8, num_classes=0, **kwargs)
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_vitbase8_pretrain/dino_vitbase8_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
return model
def dino_resnet50(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
ResNet-50 pre-trained with DINO.
Achieves 75.3% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet linear evaluation benchmark (requires to train `fc`).
"""
model = resnet50(pretrained=False, **kwargs)
model.fc = torch.nn.Identity()
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_resnet50_pretrain/dino_resnet50_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=False)
return model
def dino_xcit_small_12_p16(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
XCiT-Small-12/16 pre-trained with DINO.
"""
model = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', "xcit_small_12_p16", num_classes=0, **kwargs)
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_xcit_small_12_p16_pretrain/dino_xcit_small_12_p16_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
return model
def dino_xcit_small_12_p8(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
XCiT-Small-12/8 pre-trained with DINO.
"""
model = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', "xcit_small_12_p8", num_classes=0, **kwargs)
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_xcit_small_12_p8_pretrain/dino_xcit_small_12_p8_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
return model
def dino_xcit_medium_24_p16(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
XCiT-Medium-24/16 pre-trained with DINO.
"""
model = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', "xcit_medium_24_p16", num_classes=0, **kwargs)
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_xcit_medium_24_p16_pretrain/dino_xcit_medium_24_p16_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
return model
def dino_xcit_medium_24_p8(pretrained=True, **kwargs):
"""
XCiT-Medium-24/8 pre-trained with DINO.
"""
model = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', "xcit_medium_24_p8", num_classes=0, **kwargs)
if pretrained:
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/dino_xcit_medium_24_p8_pretrain/dino_xcit_medium_24_p8_pretrain.pth",
map_location="cpu",
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
return model
================================================
FILE: main_dino.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import argparse
import os
import sys
import datetime
import time
import math
import json
from pathlib import Path
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.distributed as dist
import torch.backends.cudnn as cudnn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torchvision import datasets, transforms
from torchvision import models as torchvision_models
import utils
import vision_transformer as vits
from vision_transformer import DINOHead
torchvision_archs = sorted(name for name in torchvision_models.__dict__
if name.islower() and not name.startswith("__")
and callable(torchvision_models.__dict__[name]))
def get_args_parser():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('DINO', add_help=False)
# Model parameters
parser.add_argument('--arch', default='vit_small', type=str,
choices=['vit_tiny', 'vit_small', 'vit_base', 'xcit', 'deit_tiny', 'deit_small'] \
+ torchvision_archs + torch.hub.list("facebookresearch/xcit:main"),
help="""Name of architecture to train. For quick experiments with ViTs,
we recommend using vit_tiny or vit_small.""")
parser.add_argument('--patch_size', default=16, type=int, help="""Size in pixels
of input square patches - default 16 (for 16x16 patches). Using smaller
values leads to better performance but requires more memory. Applies only
for ViTs (vit_tiny, vit_small and vit_base). If <16, we recommend disabling
mixed precision training (--use_fp16 false) to avoid unstabilities.""")
parser.add_argument('--out_dim', default=65536, type=int, help="""Dimensionality of
the DINO head output. For complex and large datasets large values (like 65k) work well.""")
parser.add_argument('--norm_last_layer', default=True, type=utils.bool_flag,
help="""Whether or not to weight normalize the last layer of the DINO head.
Not normalizing leads to better performance but can make the training unstable.
In our experiments, we typically set this paramater to False with vit_small and True with vit_base.""")
parser.add_argument('--momentum_teacher', default=0.996, type=float, help="""Base EMA
parameter for teacher update. The value is increased to 1 during training with cosine schedule.
We recommend setting a higher value with small batches: for example use 0.9995 with batch size of 256.""")
parser.add_argument('--use_bn_in_head', default=False, type=utils.bool_flag,
help="Whether to use batch normalizations in projection head (Default: False)")
# Temperature teacher parameters
parser.add_argument('--warmup_teacher_temp', default=0.04, type=float,
help="""Initial value for the teacher temperature: 0.04 works well in most cases.
Try decreasing it if the training loss does not decrease.""")
parser.add_argument('--teacher_temp', default=0.04, type=float, help="""Final value (after linear warmup)
of the teacher temperature. For most experiments, anything above 0.07 is unstable. We recommend
starting with the default value of 0.04 and increase this slightly if needed.""")
parser.add_argument('--warmup_teacher_temp_epochs', default=0, type=int,
help='Number of warmup epochs for the teacher temperature (Default: 30).')
# Training/Optimization parameters
parser.add_argument('--use_fp16', type=utils.bool_flag, default=True, help="""Whether or not
to use half precision for training. Improves training time and memory requirements,
but can provoke instability and slight decay of performance. We recommend disabling
mixed precision if the loss is unstable, if reducing the patch size or if training with bigger ViTs.""")
parser.add_argument('--weight_decay', type=float, default=0.04, help="""Initial value of the
weight decay. With ViT, a smaller value at the beginning of training works well.""")
parser.add_argument('--weight_decay_end', type=float, default=0.4, help="""Final value of the
weight decay. We use a cosine schedule for WD and using a larger decay by
the end of training improves performance for ViTs.""")
parser.add_argument('--clip_grad', type=float, default=3.0, help="""Maximal parameter
gradient norm if using gradient clipping. Clipping with norm .3 ~ 1.0 can
help optimization for larger ViT architectures. 0 for disabling.""")
parser.add_argument('--batch_size_per_gpu', default=64, type=int,
help='Per-GPU batch-size : number of distinct images loaded on one GPU.')
parser.add_argument('--epochs', default=100, type=int, help='Number of epochs of training.')
parser.add_argument('--freeze_last_layer', default=1, type=int, help="""Number of epochs
during which we keep the output layer fixed. Typically doing so during
the first epoch helps training. Try increasing this value if the loss does not decrease.""")
parser.add_argument("--lr", default=0.0005, type=float, help="""Learning rate at the end of
linear warmup (highest LR used during training). The learning rate is linearly scaled
with the batch size, and specified here for a reference batch size of 256.""")
parser.add_argument("--warmup_epochs", default=10, type=int,
help="Number of epochs for the linear learning-rate warm up.")
parser.add_argument('--min_lr', type=float, default=1e-6, help="""Target LR at the
end of optimization. We use a cosine LR schedule with linear warmup.""")
parser.add_argument('--optimizer', default='adamw', type=str,
choices=['adamw', 'sgd', 'lars'], help="""Type of optimizer. We recommend using adamw with ViTs.""")
parser.add_argument('--drop_path_rate', type=float, default=0.1, help="stochastic depth rate")
# Multi-crop parameters
parser.add_argument('--global_crops_scale', type=float, nargs='+', default=(0.4, 1.),
help="""Scale range of the cropped image before resizing, relatively to the origin image.
Used for large global view cropping. When disabling multi-crop (--local_crops_number 0), we
recommand using a wider range of scale ("--global_crops_scale 0.14 1." for example)""")
parser.add_argument('--local_crops_number', type=int, default=8, help="""Number of small
local views to generate. Set this parameter to 0 to disable multi-crop training.
When disabling multi-crop we recommend to use "--global_crops_scale 0.14 1." """)
parser.add_argument('--local_crops_scale', type=float, nargs='+', default=(0.05, 0.4),
help="""Scale range of the cropped image before resizing, relatively to the origin image.
Used for small local view cropping of multi-crop.""")
# Misc
parser.add_argument('--data_path', default='/path/to/imagenet/train/', type=str,
help='Please specify path to the ImageNet training data.')
parser.add_argument('--output_dir', default=".", type=str, help='Path to save logs and checkpoints.')
parser.add_argument('--saveckp_freq', default=20, type=int, help='Save checkpoint every x epochs.')
parser.add_argument('--seed', default=0, type=int, help='Random seed.')
parser.add_argument('--num_workers', default=10, type=int, help='Number of data loading workers per GPU.')
parser.add_argument("--dist_url", default="env://", type=str, help="""url used to set up
distributed training; see https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/distributed.html""")
parser.add_argument("--local_rank", default=0, type=int, help="Please ignore and do not set this argument.")
return parser
def train_dino(args):
utils.init_distributed_mode(args)
utils.fix_random_seeds(args.seed)
print("git:\n {}\n".format(utils.get_sha()))
print("\n".join("%s: %s" % (k, str(v)) for k, v in sorted(dict(vars(args)).items())))
cudnn.benchmark = True
# ============ preparing data ... ============
transform = DataAugmentationDINO(
args.global_crops_scale,
args.local_crops_scale,
args.local_crops_number,
)
dataset = datasets.ImageFolder(args.data_path, transform=transform)
sampler = torch.utils.data.DistributedSampler(dataset, shuffle=True)
data_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
dataset,
sampler=sampler,
batch_size=args.batch_size_per_gpu,
num_workers=args.num_workers,
pin_memory=True,
drop_last=True,
)
print(f"Data loaded: there are {len(dataset)} images.")
# ============ building student and teacher networks ... ============
# we changed the name DeiT-S for ViT-S to avoid confusions
args.arch = args.arch.replace("deit", "vit")
# if the network is a Vision Transformer (i.e. vit_tiny, vit_small, vit_base)
if args.arch in vits.__dict__.keys():
student = vits.__dict__[args.arch](
patch_size=args.patch_size,
drop_path_rate=args.drop_path_rate, # stochastic depth
)
teacher = vits.__dict__[args.arch](patch_size=args.patch_size)
embed_dim = student.embed_dim
# if the network is a XCiT
elif args.arch in torch.hub.list("facebookresearch/xcit:main"):
student = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', args.arch,
pretrained=False, drop_path_rate=args.drop_path_rate)
teacher = torch.hub.load('facebookresearch/xcit:main', args.arch, pretrained=False)
embed_dim = student.embed_dim
# otherwise, we check if the architecture is in torchvision models
elif args.arch in torchvision_models.__dict__.keys():
student = torchvision_models.__dict__[args.arch]()
teacher = torchvision_models.__dict__[args.arch]()
embed_dim = student.fc.weight.shape[1]
else:
print(f"Unknow architecture: {args.arch}")
# multi-crop wrapper handles forward with inputs of different resolutions
student = utils.MultiCropWrapper(student, DINOHead(
embed_dim,
args.out_dim,
use_bn=args.use_bn_in_head,
norm_last_layer=args.norm_last_layer,
))
teacher = utils.MultiCropWrapper(
teacher,
DINOHead(embed_dim, args.out_dim, args.use_bn_in_head),
)
# move networks to gpu
student, teacher = student.cuda(), teacher.cuda()
# synchronize batch norms (if any)
if utils.has_batchnorms(student):
student = nn.SyncBatchNorm.convert_sync_batchnorm(student)
teacher = nn.SyncBatchNorm.convert_sync_batchnorm(teacher)
# we need DDP wrapper to have synchro batch norms working...
teacher = nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel(teacher, device_ids=[args.gpu])
teacher_without_ddp = teacher.module
else:
# teacher_without_ddp and teacher are the same thing
teacher_without_ddp = teacher
student = nn.parallel.DistributedDataParallel(student, device_ids=[args.gpu])
# teacher and student start with the same weights
teacher_without_ddp.load_state_dict(student.module.state_dict())
# there is no backpropagation through the teacher, so no need for gradients
for p in teacher.parameters():
p.requires_grad = False
print(f"Student and Teacher are built: they are both {args.arch} network.")
# ============ preparing loss ... ============
dino_loss = DINOLoss(
args.out_dim,
args.local_crops_number + 2, # total number of crops = 2 global crops + local_crops_number
args.warmup_teacher_temp,
args.teacher_temp,
args.warmup_teacher_temp_epochs,
args.epochs,
).cuda()
# ============ preparing optimizer ... ============
params_groups = utils.get_params_groups(student)
if args.optimizer == "adamw":
optimizer = torch.optim.AdamW(params_groups) # to use with ViTs
elif args.optimizer == "sgd":
optimizer = torch.optim.SGD(params_groups, lr=0, momentum=0.9) # lr is set by scheduler
elif args.optimizer == "lars":
optimizer = utils.LARS(params_groups) # to use with convnet and large batches
# for mixed precision training
fp16_scaler = None
if args.use_fp16:
fp16_scaler = torch.cuda.amp.GradScaler()
# ============ init schedulers ... ============
lr_schedule = utils.cosine_scheduler(
args.lr * (args.batch_size_per_gpu * utils.get_world_size()) / 256., # linear scaling rule
args.min_lr,
args.epochs, len(data_loader),
warmup_epochs=args.warmup_epochs,
)
wd_schedule = utils.cosine_scheduler(
args.weight_decay,
args.weight_decay_end,
args.epochs, len(data_loader),
)
# momentum parameter is increased to 1. during training with a cosine schedule
momentum_schedule = utils.cosine_scheduler(args.momentum_teacher, 1,
args.epochs, len(data_loader))
print(f"Loss, optimizer and schedulers ready.")
# ============ optionally resume training ... ============
to_restore = {"epoch": 0}
utils.restart_from_checkpoint(
os.path.join(args.output_dir, "checkpoint.pth"),
run_variables=to_restore,
student=student,
teacher=teacher,
optimizer=optimizer,
fp16_scaler=fp16_scaler,
dino_loss=dino_loss,
)
start_epoch = to_restore["epoch"]
start_time = time.time()
print("Starting DINO training !")
for epoch in range(start_epoch, args.epochs):
data_loader.sampler.set_epoch(epoch)
# ============ training one epoch of DINO ... ============
train_stats = train_one_epoch(student, teacher, teacher_without_ddp, dino_loss,
data_loader, optimizer, lr_schedule, wd_schedule, momentum_schedule,
epoch, fp16_scaler, args)
# ============ writing logs ... ============
save_dict = {
'student': student.state_dict(),
'teacher': teacher.state_dict(),
'optimizer': optimizer.state_dict(),
'epoch': epoch + 1,
'args': args,
'dino_loss': dino_loss.state_dict(),
}
if fp16_scaler is not None:
save_dict['fp16_scaler'] = fp16_scaler.state_dict()
utils.save_on_master(save_dict, os.path.join(args.output_dir, 'checkpoint.pth'))
if args.saveckp_freq and epoch % args.saveckp_freq == 0:
utils.save_on_master(save_dict, os.path.join(args.output_dir, f'checkpoint{epoch:04}.pth'))
log_stats = {**{f'train_{k}': v for k, v in train_stats.items()},
'epoch': epoch}
if utils.is_main_process():
with (Path(args.output_dir) / "log.txt").open("a") as f:
f.write(json.dumps(log_stats) + "\n")
total_time = time.time() - start_time
total_time_str = str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=int(total_time)))
print('Training time {}'.format(total_time_str))
def train_one_epoch(student, teacher, teacher_without_ddp, dino_loss, data_loader,
optimizer, lr_schedule, wd_schedule, momentum_schedule,epoch,
fp16_scaler, args):
metric_logger = utils.MetricLogger(delimiter=" ")
header = 'Epoch: [{}/{}]'.format(epoch, args.epochs)
for it, (images, _) in enumerate(metric_logger.log_every(data_loader, 10, header)):
# update weight decay and learning rate according to their schedule
it = len(data_loader) * epoch + it # global training iteration
for i, param_group in enumerate(optimizer.param_groups):
param_group["lr"] = lr_schedule[it]
if i == 0: # only the first group is regularized
param_group["weight_decay"] = wd_schedule[it]
# move images to gpu
images = [im.cuda(non_blocking=True) for im in images]
# teacher and student forward passes + compute dino loss
with torch.cuda.amp.autocast(fp16_scaler is not None):
teacher_output = teacher(images[:2]) # only the 2 global views pass through the teacher
student_output = student(images)
loss = dino_loss(student_output, teacher_output, epoch)
if not math.isfinite(loss.item()):
print("Loss is {}, stopping training".format(loss.item()), force=True)
sys.exit(1)
# student update
optimizer.zero_grad()
param_norms = None
if fp16_scaler is None:
loss.backward()
if args.clip_grad:
param_norms = utils.clip_gradients(student, args.clip_grad)
utils.cancel_gradients_last_layer(epoch, student,
args.freeze_last_layer)
optimizer.step()
else:
fp16_scaler.scale(loss).backward()
if args.clip_grad:
fp16_scaler.unscale_(optimizer) # unscale the gradients of optimizer's assigned params in-place
param_norms = utils.clip_gradients(student, args.clip_grad)
utils.cancel_gradients_last_layer(epoch, student,
args.freeze_last_layer)
fp16_scaler.step(optimizer)
fp16_scaler.update()
# EMA update for the teacher
with torch.no_grad():
m = momentum_schedule[it] # momentum parameter
for param_q, param_k in zip(student.module.parameters(), teacher_without_ddp.parameters()):
param_k.data.mul_(m).add_((1 - m) * param_q.detach().data)
# logging
torch.cuda.synchronize()
metric_logger.update(loss=loss.item())
metric_logger.update(lr=optimizer.param_groups[0]["lr"])
metric_logger.update(wd=optimizer.param_groups[0]["weight_decay"])
# gather the stats from all processes
metric_logger.synchronize_between_processes()
print("Averaged stats:", metric_logger)
return {k: meter.global_avg for k, meter in metric_logger.meters.items()}
class DINOLoss(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, out_dim, ncrops, warmup_teacher_temp, teacher_temp,
warmup_teacher_temp_epochs, nepochs, student_temp=0.1,
center_momentum=0.9):
super().__init__()
self.student_temp = student_temp
self.center_momentum = center_momentum
self.ncrops = ncrops
self.register_buffer("center", torch.zeros(1, out_dim))
# we apply a warm up for the teacher temperature because
# a too high temperature makes the training instable at the beginning
self.teacher_temp_schedule = np.concatenate((
np.linspace(warmup_teacher_temp,
teacher_temp, warmup_teacher_temp_epochs),
np.ones(nepochs - warmup_teacher_temp_epochs) * teacher_temp
))
def forward(self, student_output, teacher_output, epoch):
"""
Cross-entropy between softmax outputs of the teacher and student networks.
"""
student_out = student_output / self.student_temp
student_out = student_out.chunk(self.ncrops)
# teacher centering and sharpening
temp = self.teacher_temp_schedule[epoch]
teacher_out = F.softmax((teacher_output - self.center) / temp, dim=-1)
teacher_out = teacher_out.detach().chunk(2)
total_loss = 0
n_loss_terms = 0
for iq, q in enumerate(teacher_out):
for v in range(len(student_out)):
if v == iq:
# we skip cases where student and teacher operate on the same view
continue
loss = torch.sum(-q * F.log_softmax(student_out[v], dim=-1), dim=-1)
total_loss += loss.mean()
n_loss_terms += 1
total_loss /= n_loss_terms
self.update_center(teacher_output)
return total_loss
@torch.no_grad()
def update_center(self, teacher_output):
"""
Update center used for teacher output.
"""
batch_center = torch.sum(teacher_output, dim=0, keepdim=True)
dist.all_reduce(batch_center)
batch_center = batch_center / (len(teacher_output) * dist.get_world_size())
# ema update
self.center = self.center * self.center_momentum + batch_center * (1 - self.center_momentum)
class DataAugmentationDINO(object):
def __init__(self, global_crops_scale, local_crops_scale, local_crops_number):
flip_and_color_jitter = transforms.Compose([
transforms.RandomHorizontalFlip(p=0.5),
transforms.RandomApply(
[transforms.ColorJitter(brightness=0.4, contrast=0.4, saturation=0.2, hue=0.1)],
p=0.8
),
transforms.RandomGrayscale(p=0.2),
])
normalize = transforms.Compose([
transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Normalize((0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)),
])
# first global crop
self.global_transfo1 = transforms.Compose([
transforms.RandomResizedCrop(224, scale=global_crops_scale, interpolation=Image.BICUBIC),
flip_and_color_jitter,
utils.GaussianBlur(1.0),
normalize,
])
# second global crop
self.global_transfo2 = transforms.Compose([
transforms.RandomResizedCrop(224, scale=global_crops_scale, interpolation=Image.BICUBIC),
flip_and_color_jitter,
utils.GaussianBlur(0.1),
utils.Solarization(0.2),
normalize,
])
# transformation for the local small crops
self.local_crops_number = local_crops_number
self.local_transfo = transforms.Compose([
transforms.RandomResizedCrop(96, scale=local_crops_scale, interpolation=Image.BICUBIC),
flip_and_color_jitter,
utils.GaussianBlur(p=0.5),
normalize,
])
def __call__(self, image):
crops = []
crops.append(self.global_transfo1(image))
crops.append(self.global_transfo2(image))
for _ in range(self.local_crops_number):
crops.append(self.local_transfo(image))
return crops
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('DINO', parents=[get_args_parser()])
args = parser.parse_args()
Path(args.output_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
train_dino(args)
================================================
FILE: run_with_submitit.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
A script to run multinode training with submitit.
Almost copy-paste from https://github.com/facebookresearch/deit/blob/main/run_with_submitit.py
"""
import argparse
import os
import uuid
from pathlib import Path
import main_dino
import submitit
def parse_args():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser("Submitit for DINO", parents=[main_dino.get_args_parser()])
parser.add_argument("--ngpus", default=8, type=int, help="Number of gpus to request on each node")
parser.add_argument("--nodes", default=2, type=int, help="Number of nodes to request")
parser.add_argument("--timeout", default=2800, type=int, help="Duration of the job")
parser.add_argument("--partition", default="learnfair", type=str, help="Partition where to submit")
parser.add_argument("--use_volta32", action='store_true', help="Big models? Use this")
parser.add_argument('--comment', default="", type=str,
help='Comment to pass to scheduler, e.g. priority message')
return parser.parse_args()
def get_shared_folder() -> Path:
user = os.getenv("USER")
if Path("/checkpoint/").is_dir():
p = Path(f"/checkpoint/{user}/experiments")
p.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
return p
raise RuntimeError("No shared folder available")
def get_init_file():
# Init file must not exist, but it's parent dir must exist.
os.makedirs(str(get_shared_folder()), exist_ok=True)
init_file = get_shared_folder() / f"{uuid.uuid4().hex}_init"
if init_file.exists():
os.remove(str(init_file))
return init_file
class Trainer(object):
def __init__(self, args):
self.args = args
def __call__(self):
import main_dino
self._setup_gpu_args()
main_dino.train_dino(self.args)
def checkpoint(self):
import os
import submitit
self.args.dist_url = get_init_file().as_uri()
print("Requeuing ", self.args)
empty_trainer = type(self)(self.args)
return submitit.helpers.DelayedSubmission(empty_trainer)
def _setup_gpu_args(self):
import submitit
from pathlib import Path
job_env = submitit.JobEnvironment()
self.args.output_dir = Path(str(self.args.output_dir).replace("%j", str(job_env.job_id)))
self.args.gpu = job_env.local_rank
self.args.rank = job_env.global_rank
self.args.world_size = job_env.num_tasks
print(f"Process group: {job_env.num_tasks} tasks, rank: {job_env.global_rank}")
def main():
args = parse_args()
if args.output_dir == "":
args.output_dir = get_shared_folder() / "%j"
Path(args.output_dir).mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
executor = submitit.AutoExecutor(folder=args.output_dir, slurm_max_num_timeout=30)
num_gpus_per_node = args.ngpus
nodes = args.nodes
timeout_min = args.timeout
partition = args.partition
kwargs = {}
if args.use_volta32:
kwargs['slurm_constraint'] = 'volta32gb'
if args.comment:
kwargs['slurm_comment'] = args.comment
executor.update_parameters(
mem_gb=40 * num_gpus_per_node,
gpus_per_node=num_gpus_per_node,
tasks_per_node=num_gpus_per_node, # one task per GPU
cpus_per_task=10,
nodes=nodes,
timeout_min=timeout_min, # max is 60 * 72
# Below are cluster dependent parameters
slurm_partition=partition,
slurm_signal_delay_s=120,
**kwargs
)
executor.update_parameters(name="dino")
args.dist_url = get_init_file().as_uri()
trainer = Trainer(args)
job = executor.submit(trainer)
print(f"Submitted job_id: {job.job_id}")
print(f"Logs and checkpoints will be saved at: {args.output_dir}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
================================================
FILE: utils.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
Misc functions.
Mostly copy-paste from torchvision references or other public repos like DETR:
https://github.com/facebookresearch/detr/blob/master/util/misc.py
"""
import os
import sys
import time
import math
import random
import datetime
import subprocess
from collections import defaultdict, deque
import numpy as np
import torch
from torch import nn
import torch.distributed as dist
from PIL import ImageFilter, ImageOps
class GaussianBlur(object):
"""
Apply Gaussian Blur to the PIL image.
"""
def __init__(self, p=0.5, radius_min=0.1, radius_max=2.):
self.prob = p
self.radius_min = radius_min
self.radius_max = radius_max
def __call__(self, img):
do_it = random.random() <= self.prob
if not do_it:
return img
return img.filter(
ImageFilter.GaussianBlur(
radius=random.uniform(self.radius_min, self.radius_max)
)
)
class Solarization(object):
"""
Apply Solarization to the PIL image.
"""
def __init__(self, p):
self.p = p
def __call__(self, img):
if random.random() < self.p:
return ImageOps.solarize(img)
else:
return img
def load_pretrained_weights(model, pretrained_weights, checkpoint_key, model_name, patch_size):
if os.path.isfile(pretrained_weights):
state_dict = torch.load(pretrained_weights, map_location="cpu")
if checkpoint_key is not None and checkpoint_key in state_dict:
print(f"Take key {checkpoint_key} in provided checkpoint dict")
state_dict = state_dict[checkpoint_key]
# remove `module.` prefix
state_dict = {k.replace("module.", ""): v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
# remove `backbone.` prefix induced by multicrop wrapper
state_dict = {k.replace("backbone.", ""): v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
msg = model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=False)
print('Pretrained weights found at {} and loaded with msg: {}'.format(pretrained_weights, msg))
else:
print("Please use the `--pretrained_weights` argument to indicate the path of the checkpoint to evaluate.")
url = None
if model_name == "vit_small" and patch_size == 16:
url = "dino_deitsmall16_pretrain/dino_deitsmall16_pretrain.pth"
elif model_name == "vit_small" and patch_size == 8:
url = "dino_deitsmall8_pretrain/dino_deitsmall8_pretrain.pth"
elif model_name == "vit_base" and patch_size == 16:
url = "dino_vitbase16_pretrain/dino_vitbase16_pretrain.pth"
elif model_name == "vit_base" and patch_size == 8:
url = "dino_vitbase8_pretrain/dino_vitbase8_pretrain.pth"
elif model_name == "xcit_small_12_p16":
url = "dino_xcit_small_12_p16_pretrain/dino_xcit_small_12_p16_pretrain.pth"
elif model_name == "xcit_small_12_p8":
url = "dino_xcit_small_12_p8_pretrain/dino_xcit_small_12_p8_pretrain.pth"
elif model_name == "xcit_medium_24_p16":
url = "dino_xcit_medium_24_p16_pretrain/dino_xcit_medium_24_p16_pretrain.pth"
elif model_name == "xcit_medium_24_p8":
url = "dino_xcit_medium_24_p8_pretrain/dino_xcit_medium_24_p8_pretrain.pth"
elif model_name == "resnet50":
url = "dino_resnet50_pretrain/dino_resnet50_pretrain.pth"
if url is not None:
print("Since no pretrained weights have been provided, we load the reference pretrained DINO weights.")
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/" + url)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
else:
print("There is no reference weights available for this model => We use random weights.")
def load_pretrained_linear_weights(linear_classifier, model_name, patch_size):
url = None
if model_name == "vit_small" and patch_size == 16:
url = "dino_deitsmall16_pretrain/dino_deitsmall16_linearweights.pth"
elif model_name == "vit_small" and patch_size == 8:
url = "dino_deitsmall8_pretrain/dino_deitsmall8_linearweights.pth"
elif model_name == "vit_base" and patch_size == 16:
url = "dino_vitbase16_pretrain/dino_vitbase16_linearweights.pth"
elif model_name == "vit_base" and patch_size == 8:
url = "dino_vitbase8_pretrain/dino_vitbase8_linearweights.pth"
elif model_name == "resnet50":
url = "dino_resnet50_pretrain/dino_resnet50_linearweights.pth"
if url is not None:
print("We load the reference pretrained linear weights.")
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/" + url)["state_dict"]
linear_classifier.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
else:
print("We use random linear weights.")
def clip_gradients(model, clip):
norms = []
for name, p in model.named_parameters():
if p.grad is not None:
param_norm = p.grad.data.norm(2)
norms.append(param_norm.item())
clip_coef = clip / (param_norm + 1e-6)
if clip_coef < 1:
p.grad.data.mul_(clip_coef)
return norms
def cancel_gradients_last_layer(epoch, model, freeze_last_layer):
if epoch >= freeze_last_layer:
return
for n, p in model.named_parameters():
if "last_layer" in n:
p.grad = None
def restart_from_checkpoint(ckp_path, run_variables=None, **kwargs):
"""
Re-start from checkpoint
"""
if not os.path.isfile(ckp_path):
return
print("Found checkpoint at {}".format(ckp_path))
# open checkpoint file
checkpoint = torch.load(ckp_path, map_location="cpu")
# key is what to look for in the checkpoint file
# value is the object to load
# example: {'state_dict': model}
for key, value in kwargs.items():
if key in checkpoint and value is not None:
try:
msg = value.load_state_dict(checkpoint[key], strict=False)
print("=> loaded '{}' from checkpoint '{}' with msg {}".format(key, ckp_path, msg))
except TypeError:
try:
msg = value.load_state_dict(checkpoint[key])
print("=> loaded '{}' from checkpoint: '{}'".format(key, ckp_path))
except ValueError:
print("=> failed to load '{}' from checkpoint: '{}'".format(key, ckp_path))
else:
print("=> key '{}' not found in checkpoint: '{}'".format(key, ckp_path))
# re load variable important for the run
if run_variables is not None:
for var_name in run_variables:
if var_name in checkpoint:
run_variables[var_name] = checkpoint[var_name]
def cosine_scheduler(base_value, final_value, epochs, niter_per_ep, warmup_epochs=0, start_warmup_value=0):
warmup_schedule = np.array([])
warmup_iters = warmup_epochs * niter_per_ep
if warmup_epochs > 0:
warmup_schedule = np.linspace(start_warmup_value, base_value, warmup_iters)
iters = np.arange(epochs * niter_per_ep - warmup_iters)
schedule = final_value + 0.5 * (base_value - final_value) * (1 + np.cos(np.pi * iters / len(iters)))
schedule = np.concatenate((warmup_schedule, schedule))
assert len(schedule) == epochs * niter_per_ep
return schedule
def bool_flag(s):
"""
Parse boolean arguments from the command line.
"""
FALSY_STRINGS = {"off", "false", "0"}
TRUTHY_STRINGS = {"on", "true", "1"}
if s.lower() in FALSY_STRINGS:
return False
elif s.lower() in TRUTHY_STRINGS:
return True
else:
raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("invalid value for a boolean flag")
def fix_random_seeds(seed=31):
"""
Fix random seeds.
"""
torch.manual_seed(seed)
torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(seed)
np.random.seed(seed)
class SmoothedValue(object):
"""Track a series of values and provide access to smoothed values over a
window or the global series average.
"""
def __init__(self, window_size=20, fmt=None):
if fmt is None:
fmt = "{median:.6f} ({global_avg:.6f})"
self.deque = deque(maxlen=window_size)
self.total = 0.0
self.count = 0
self.fmt = fmt
def update(self, value, n=1):
self.deque.append(value)
self.count += n
self.total += value * n
def synchronize_between_processes(self):
"""
Warning: does not synchronize the deque!
"""
if not is_dist_avail_and_initialized():
return
t = torch.tensor([self.count, self.total], dtype=torch.float64, device='cuda')
dist.barrier()
dist.all_reduce(t)
t = t.tolist()
self.count = int(t[0])
self.total = t[1]
@property
def median(self):
d = torch.tensor(list(self.deque))
return d.median().item()
@property
def avg(self):
d = torch.tensor(list(self.deque), dtype=torch.float32)
return d.mean().item()
@property
def global_avg(self):
return self.total / self.count
@property
def max(self):
return max(self.deque)
@property
def value(self):
return self.deque[-1]
def __str__(self):
return self.fmt.format(
median=self.median,
avg=self.avg,
global_avg=self.global_avg,
max=self.max,
value=self.value)
def reduce_dict(input_dict, average=True):
"""
Args:
input_dict (dict): all the values will be reduced
average (bool): whether to do average or sum
Reduce the values in the dictionary from all processes so that all processes
have the averaged results. Returns a dict with the same fields as
input_dict, after reduction.
"""
world_size = get_world_size()
if world_size < 2:
return input_dict
with torch.no_grad():
names = []
values = []
# sort the keys so that they are consistent across processes
for k in sorted(input_dict.keys()):
names.append(k)
values.append(input_dict[k])
values = torch.stack(values, dim=0)
dist.all_reduce(values)
if average:
values /= world_size
reduced_dict = {k: v for k, v in zip(names, values)}
return reduced_dict
class MetricLogger(object):
def __init__(self, delimiter="\t"):
self.meters = defaultdict(SmoothedValue)
self.delimiter = delimiter
def update(self, **kwargs):
for k, v in kwargs.items():
if isinstance(v, torch.Tensor):
v = v.item()
assert isinstance(v, (float, int))
self.meters[k].update(v)
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr in self.meters:
return self.meters[attr]
if attr in self.__dict__:
return self.__dict__[attr]
raise AttributeError("'{}' object has no attribute '{}'".format(
type(self).__name__, attr))
def __str__(self):
loss_str = []
for name, meter in self.meters.items():
loss_str.append(
"{}: {}".format(name, str(meter))
)
return self.delimiter.join(loss_str)
def synchronize_between_processes(self):
for meter in self.meters.values():
meter.synchronize_between_processes()
def add_meter(self, name, meter):
self.meters[name] = meter
def log_every(self, iterable, print_freq, header=None):
i = 0
if not header:
header = ''
start_time = time.time()
end = time.time()
iter_time = SmoothedValue(fmt='{avg:.6f}')
data_time = SmoothedValue(fmt='{avg:.6f}')
space_fmt = ':' + str(len(str(len(iterable)))) + 'd'
if torch.cuda.is_available():
log_msg = self.delimiter.join([
header,
'[{0' + space_fmt + '}/{1}]',
'eta: {eta}',
'{meters}',
'time: {time}',
'data: {data}',
'max mem: {memory:.0f}'
])
else:
log_msg = self.delimiter.join([
header,
'[{0' + space_fmt + '}/{1}]',
'eta: {eta}',
'{meters}',
'time: {time}',
'data: {data}'
])
MB = 1024.0 * 1024.0
for obj in iterable:
data_time.update(time.time() - end)
yield obj
iter_time.update(time.time() - end)
if i % print_freq == 0 or i == len(iterable) - 1:
eta_seconds = iter_time.global_avg * (len(iterable) - i)
eta_string = str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=int(eta_seconds)))
if torch.cuda.is_available():
print(log_msg.format(
i, len(iterable), eta=eta_string,
meters=str(self),
time=str(iter_time), data=str(data_time),
memory=torch.cuda.max_memory_allocated() / MB))
else:
print(log_msg.format(
i, len(iterable), eta=eta_string,
meters=str(self),
time=str(iter_time), data=str(data_time)))
i += 1
end = time.time()
total_time = time.time() - start_time
total_time_str = str(datetime.timedelta(seconds=int(total_time)))
print('{} Total time: {} ({:.6f} s / it)'.format(
header, total_time_str, total_time / len(iterable)))
def get_sha():
cwd = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
def _run(command):
return subprocess.check_output(command, cwd=cwd).decode('ascii').strip()
sha = 'N/A'
diff = "clean"
branch = 'N/A'
try:
sha = _run(['git', 'rev-parse', 'HEAD'])
subprocess.check_output(['git', 'diff'], cwd=cwd)
diff = _run(['git', 'diff-index', 'HEAD'])
diff = "has uncommited changes" if diff else "clean"
branch = _run(['git', 'rev-parse', '--abbrev-ref', 'HEAD'])
except Exception:
pass
message = f"sha: {sha}, status: {diff}, branch: {branch}"
return message
def is_dist_avail_and_initialized():
if not dist.is_available():
return False
if not dist.is_initialized():
return False
return True
def get_world_size():
if not is_dist_avail_and_initialized():
return 1
return dist.get_world_size()
def get_rank():
if not is_dist_avail_and_initialized():
return 0
return dist.get_rank()
def is_main_process():
return get_rank() == 0
def save_on_master(*args, **kwargs):
if is_main_process():
torch.save(*args, **kwargs)
def setup_for_distributed(is_master):
"""
This function disables printing when not in master process
"""
import builtins as __builtin__
builtin_print = __builtin__.print
def print(*args, **kwargs):
force = kwargs.pop('force', False)
if is_master or force:
builtin_print(*args, **kwargs)
__builtin__.print = print
def init_distributed_mode(args):
# launched with torch.distributed.launch
if 'RANK' in os.environ and 'WORLD_SIZE' in os.environ:
args.rank = int(os.environ["RANK"])
args.world_size = int(os.environ['WORLD_SIZE'])
args.gpu = int(os.environ['LOCAL_RANK'])
# launched with submitit on a slurm cluster
elif 'SLURM_PROCID' in os.environ:
args.rank = int(os.environ['SLURM_PROCID'])
args.gpu = args.rank % torch.cuda.device_count()
# launched naively with `python main_dino.py`
# we manually add MASTER_ADDR and MASTER_PORT to env variables
elif torch.cuda.is_available():
print('Will run the code on one GPU.')
args.rank, args.gpu, args.world_size = 0, 0, 1
os.environ['MASTER_ADDR'] = '127.0.0.1'
os.environ['MASTER_PORT'] = '29500'
else:
print('Does not support training without GPU.')
sys.exit(1)
dist.init_process_group(
backend="nccl",
init_method=args.dist_url,
world_size=args.world_size,
rank=args.rank,
)
torch.cuda.set_device(args.gpu)
print('| distributed init (rank {}): {}'.format(
args.rank, args.dist_url), flush=True)
dist.barrier()
setup_for_distributed(args.rank == 0)
def accuracy(output, target, topk=(1,)):
"""Computes the accuracy over the k top predictions for the specified values of k"""
maxk = max(topk)
batch_size = target.size(0)
_, pred = output.topk(maxk, 1, True, True)
pred = pred.t()
correct = pred.eq(target.reshape(1, -1).expand_as(pred))
return [correct[:k].reshape(-1).float().sum(0) * 100. / batch_size for k in topk]
def _no_grad_trunc_normal_(tensor, mean, std, a, b):
# Cut & paste from PyTorch official master until it's in a few official releases - RW
# Method based on https://people.sc.fsu.edu/~jburkardt/presentations/truncated_normal.pdf
def norm_cdf(x):
# Computes standard normal cumulative distribution function
return (1. + math.erf(x / math.sqrt(2.))) / 2.
if (mean < a - 2 * std) or (mean > b + 2 * std):
warnings.warn("mean is more than 2 std from [a, b] in nn.init.trunc_normal_. "
"The distribution of values may be incorrect.",
stacklevel=2)
with torch.no_grad():
# Values are generated by using a truncated uniform distribution and
# then using the inverse CDF for the normal distribution.
# Get upper and lower cdf values
l = norm_cdf((a - mean) / std)
u = norm_cdf((b - mean) / std)
# Uniformly fill tensor with values from [l, u], then translate to
# [2l-1, 2u-1].
tensor.uniform_(2 * l - 1, 2 * u - 1)
# Use inverse cdf transform for normal distribution to get truncated
# standard normal
tensor.erfinv_()
# Transform to proper mean, std
tensor.mul_(std * math.sqrt(2.))
tensor.add_(mean)
# Clamp to ensure it's in the proper range
tensor.clamp_(min=a, max=b)
return tensor
def trunc_normal_(tensor, mean=0., std=1., a=-2., b=2.):
# type: (Tensor, float, float, float, float) -> Tensor
return _no_grad_trunc_normal_(tensor, mean, std, a, b)
class LARS(torch.optim.Optimizer):
"""
Almost copy-paste from https://github.com/facebookresearch/barlowtwins/blob/main/main.py
"""
def __init__(self, params, lr=0, weight_decay=0, momentum=0.9, eta=0.001,
weight_decay_filter=None, lars_adaptation_filter=None):
defaults = dict(lr=lr, weight_decay=weight_decay, momentum=momentum,
eta=eta, weight_decay_filter=weight_decay_filter,
lars_adaptation_filter=lars_adaptation_filter)
super().__init__(params, defaults)
@torch.no_grad()
def step(self):
for g in self.param_groups:
for p in g['params']:
dp = p.grad
if dp is None:
continue
if p.ndim != 1:
dp = dp.add(p, alpha=g['weight_decay'])
if p.ndim != 1:
param_norm = torch.norm(p)
update_norm = torch.norm(dp)
one = torch.ones_like(param_norm)
q = torch.where(param_norm > 0.,
torch.where(update_norm > 0,
(g['eta'] * param_norm / update_norm), one), one)
dp = dp.mul(q)
param_state = self.state[p]
if 'mu' not in param_state:
param_state['mu'] = torch.zeros_like(p)
mu = param_state['mu']
mu.mul_(g['momentum']).add_(dp)
p.add_(mu, alpha=-g['lr'])
class MultiCropWrapper(nn.Module):
"""
Perform forward pass separately on each resolution input.
The inputs corresponding to a single resolution are clubbed and single
forward is run on the same resolution inputs. Hence we do several
forward passes = number of different resolutions used. We then
concatenate all the output features and run the head forward on these
concatenated features.
"""
def __init__(self, backbone, head):
super(MultiCropWrapper, self).__init__()
# disable layers dedicated to ImageNet labels classification
backbone.fc, backbone.head = nn.Identity(), nn.Identity()
self.backbone = backbone
self.head = head
def forward(self, x):
# convert to list
if not isinstance(x, list):
x = [x]
idx_crops = torch.cumsum(torch.unique_consecutive(
torch.tensor([inp.shape[-1] for inp in x]),
return_counts=True,
)[1], 0)
start_idx, output = 0, torch.empty(0).to(x[0].device)
for end_idx in idx_crops:
_out = self.backbone(torch.cat(x[start_idx: end_idx]))
# The output is a tuple with XCiT model. See:
# https://github.com/facebookresearch/xcit/blob/master/xcit.py#L404-L405
if isinstance(_out, tuple):
_out = _out[0]
# accumulate outputs
output = torch.cat((output, _out))
start_idx = end_idx
# Run the head forward on the concatenated features.
return self.head(output)
def get_params_groups(model):
regularized = []
not_regularized = []
for name, param in model.named_parameters():
if not param.requires_grad:
continue
# we do not regularize biases nor Norm parameters
if name.endswith(".bias") or len(param.shape) == 1:
not_regularized.append(param)
else:
regularized.append(param)
return [{'params': regularized}, {'params': not_regularized, 'weight_decay': 0.}]
def has_batchnorms(model):
bn_types = (nn.BatchNorm1d, nn.BatchNorm2d, nn.BatchNorm3d, nn.SyncBatchNorm)
for name, module in model.named_modules():
if isinstance(module, bn_types):
return True
return False
class PCA():
"""
Class to compute and apply PCA.
"""
def __init__(self, dim=256, whit=0.5):
self.dim = dim
self.whit = whit
self.mean = None
def train_pca(self, cov):
"""
Takes a covariance matrix (np.ndarray) as input.
"""
d, v = np.linalg.eigh(cov)
eps = d.max() * 1e-5
n_0 = (d < eps).sum()
if n_0 > 0:
d[d < eps] = eps
# total energy
totenergy = d.sum()
# sort eigenvectors with eigenvalues order
idx = np.argsort(d)[::-1][:self.dim]
d = d[idx]
v = v[:, idx]
print("keeping %.2f %% of the energy" % (d.sum() / totenergy * 100.0))
# for the whitening
d = np.diag(1. / d**self.whit)
# principal components
self.dvt = np.dot(d, v.T)
def apply(self, x):
# input is from numpy
if isinstance(x, np.ndarray):
if self.mean is not None:
x -= self.mean
return np.dot(self.dvt, x.T).T
# input is from torch and is on GPU
if x.is_cuda:
if self.mean is not None:
x -= torch.cuda.FloatTensor(self.mean)
return torch.mm(torch.cuda.FloatTensor(self.dvt), x.transpose(0, 1)).transpose(0, 1)
# input if from torch, on CPU
if self.mean is not None:
x -= torch.FloatTensor(self.mean)
return torch.mm(torch.FloatTensor(self.dvt), x.transpose(0, 1)).transpose(0, 1)
def compute_ap(ranks, nres):
"""
Computes average precision for given ranked indexes.
Arguments
---------
ranks : zerro-based ranks of positive images
nres : number of positive images
Returns
-------
ap : average precision
"""
# number of images ranked by the system
nimgranks = len(ranks)
# accumulate trapezoids in PR-plot
ap = 0
recall_step = 1. / nres
for j in np.arange(nimgranks):
rank = ranks[j]
if rank == 0:
precision_0 = 1.
else:
precision_0 = float(j) / rank
precision_1 = float(j + 1) / (rank + 1)
ap += (precision_0 + precision_1) * recall_step / 2.
return ap
def compute_map(ranks, gnd, kappas=[]):
"""
Computes the mAP for a given set of returned results.
Usage:
map = compute_map (ranks, gnd)
computes mean average precsion (map) only
map, aps, pr, prs = compute_map (ranks, gnd, kappas)
computes mean average precision (map), average precision (aps) for each query
computes mean precision at kappas (pr), precision at kappas (prs) for each query
Notes:
1) ranks starts from 0, ranks.shape = db_size X #queries
2) The junk results (e.g., the query itself) should be declared in the gnd stuct array
3) If there are no positive images for some query, that query is excluded from the evaluation
"""
map = 0.
nq = len(gnd) # number of queries
aps = np.zeros(nq)
pr = np.zeros(len(kappas))
prs = np.zeros((nq, len(kappas)))
nempty = 0
for i in np.arange(nq):
qgnd = np.array(gnd[i]['ok'])
# no positive images, skip from the average
if qgnd.shape[0] == 0:
aps[i] = float('nan')
prs[i, :] = float('nan')
nempty += 1
continue
try:
qgndj = np.array(gnd[i]['junk'])
except:
qgndj = np.empty(0)
# sorted positions of positive and junk images (0 based)
pos = np.arange(ranks.shape[0])[np.in1d(ranks[:,i], qgnd)]
junk = np.arange(ranks.shape[0])[np.in1d(ranks[:,i], qgndj)]
k = 0;
ij = 0;
if len(junk):
# decrease positions of positives based on the number of
# junk images appearing before them
ip = 0
while (ip < len(pos)):
while (ij < len(junk) and pos[ip] > junk[ij]):
k += 1
ij += 1
pos[ip] = pos[ip] - k
ip += 1
# compute ap
ap = compute_ap(pos, len(qgnd))
map = map + ap
aps[i] = ap
# compute precision @ k
pos += 1 # get it to 1-based
for j in np.arange(len(kappas)):
kq = min(max(pos), kappas[j]);
prs[i, j] = (pos <= kq).sum() / kq
pr = pr + prs[i, :]
map = map / (nq - nempty)
pr = pr / (nq - nempty)
return map, aps, pr, prs
def multi_scale(samples, model):
v = None
for s in [1, 1/2**(1/2), 1/2]: # we use 3 different scales
if s == 1:
inp = samples.clone()
else:
inp = nn.functional.interpolate(samples, scale_factor=s, mode='bilinear', align_corners=False)
feats = model(inp).clone()
if v is None:
v = feats
else:
v += feats
v /= 3
v /= v.norm()
return v
================================================
FILE: video_generation.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import glob
import sys
import argparse
import cv2
from tqdm import tqdm
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torchvision
from torchvision import transforms as pth_transforms
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import utils
import vision_transformer as vits
FOURCC = {
"mp4": cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*"MP4V"),
"avi": cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*"XVID"),
}
DEVICE = torch.device("cuda") if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.device("cpu")
class VideoGenerator:
def __init__(self, args):
self.args = args
# self.model = None
# Don't need to load model if you only want a video
if not self.args.video_only:
self.model = self.__load_model()
def run(self):
if self.args.input_path is None:
print(f"Provided input path {self.args.input_path} is non valid.")
sys.exit(1)
else:
if self.args.video_only:
self._generate_video_from_images(
self.args.input_path, self.args.output_path
)
else:
# If input path exists
if os.path.exists(self.args.input_path):
# If input is a video file
if os.path.isfile(self.args.input_path):
frames_folder = os.path.join(self.args.output_path, "frames")
attention_folder = os.path.join(
self.args.output_path, "attention"
)
os.makedirs(frames_folder, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs(attention_folder, exist_ok=True)
self._extract_frames_from_video(
self.args.input_path, frames_folder
)
self._inference(
frames_folder,
attention_folder,
)
self._generate_video_from_images(
attention_folder, self.args.output_path
)
# If input is a folder of already extracted frames
if os.path.isdir(self.args.input_path):
attention_folder = os.path.join(
self.args.output_path, "attention"
)
os.makedirs(attention_folder, exist_ok=True)
self._inference(self.args.input_path, attention_folder)
self._generate_video_from_images(
attention_folder, self.args.output_path
)
# If input path doesn't exists
else:
print(f"Provided input path {self.args.input_path} doesn't exists.")
sys.exit(1)
def _extract_frames_from_video(self, inp: str, out: str):
vidcap = cv2.VideoCapture(inp)
self.args.fps = vidcap.get(cv2.CAP_PROP_FPS)
print(f"Video: {inp} ({self.args.fps} fps)")
print(f"Extracting frames to {out}")
success, image = vidcap.read()
count = 0
while success:
cv2.imwrite(
os.path.join(out, f"frame-{count:04}.jpg"),
image,
)
success, image = vidcap.read()
count += 1
def _generate_video_from_images(self, inp: str, out: str):
img_array = []
attention_images_list = sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(inp, "attn-*.jpg")))
# Get size of the first image
with open(attention_images_list[0], "rb") as f:
img = Image.open(f)
img = img.convert("RGB")
size = (img.width, img.height)
img_array.append(cv2.cvtColor(np.array(img), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR))
print(f"Generating video {size} to {out}")
for filename in tqdm(attention_images_list[1:]):
with open(filename, "rb") as f:
img = Image.open(f)
img = img.convert("RGB")
img_array.append(cv2.cvtColor(np.array(img), cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR))
out = cv2.VideoWriter(
os.path.join(out, "video." + self.args.video_format),
FOURCC[self.args.video_format],
self.args.fps,
size,
)
for i in range(len(img_array)):
out.write(img_array[i])
out.release()
print("Done")
def _inference(self, inp: str, out: str):
print(f"Generating attention images to {out}")
for img_path in tqdm(sorted(glob.glob(os.path.join(inp, "*.jpg")))):
with open(img_path, "rb") as f:
img = Image.open(f)
img = img.convert("RGB")
if self.args.resize is not None:
transform = pth_transforms.Compose(
[
pth_transforms.ToTensor(),
pth_transforms.Resize(self.args.resize),
pth_transforms.Normalize(
(0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)
),
]
)
else:
transform = pth_transforms.Compose(
[
pth_transforms.ToTensor(),
pth_transforms.Normalize(
(0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)
),
]
)
img = transform(img)
# make the image divisible by the patch size
w, h = (
img.shape[1] - img.shape[1] % self.args.patch_size,
img.shape[2] - img.shape[2] % self.args.patch_size,
)
img = img[:, :w, :h].unsqueeze(0)
w_featmap = img.shape[-2] // self.args.patch_size
h_featmap = img.shape[-1] // self.args.patch_size
attentions = self.model.get_last_selfattention(img.to(DEVICE))
nh = attentions.shape[1] # number of head
# we keep only the output patch attention
attentions = attentions[0, :, 0, 1:].reshape(nh, -1)
# we keep only a certain percentage of the mass
val, idx = torch.sort(attentions)
val /= torch.sum(val, dim=1, keepdim=True)
cumval = torch.cumsum(val, dim=1)
th_attn = cumval > (1 - self.args.threshold)
idx2 = torch.argsort(idx)
for head in range(nh):
th_attn[head] = th_attn[head][idx2[head]]
th_attn = th_attn.reshape(nh, w_featmap, h_featmap).float()
# interpolate
th_attn = (
nn.functional.interpolate(
th_attn.unsqueeze(0),
scale_factor=self.args.patch_size,
mode="nearest",
)[0]
.cpu()
.numpy()
)
attentions = attentions.reshape(nh, w_featmap, h_featmap)
attentions = (
nn.functional.interpolate(
attentions.unsqueeze(0),
scale_factor=self.args.patch_size,
mode="nearest",
)[0]
.cpu()
.numpy()
)
# save attentions heatmaps
fname = os.path.join(out, "attn-" + os.path.basename(img_path))
plt.imsave(
fname=fname,
arr=sum(
attentions[i] * 1 / attentions.shape[0]
for i in range(attentions.shape[0])
),
cmap="inferno",
format="jpg",
)
def __load_model(self):
# build model
model = vits.__dict__[self.args.arch](
patch_size=self.args.patch_size, num_classes=0
)
for p in model.parameters():
p.requires_grad = False
model.eval()
model.to(DEVICE)
if os.path.isfile(self.args.pretrained_weights):
state_dict = torch.load(self.args.pretrained_weights, map_location="cpu")
if (
self.args.checkpoint_key is not None
and self.args.checkpoint_key in state_dict
):
print(
f"Take key {self.args.checkpoint_key} in provided checkpoint dict"
)
state_dict = state_dict[self.args.checkpoint_key]
state_dict = {k.replace("module.", ""): v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
# remove `backbone.` prefix induced by multicrop wrapper
state_dict = {k.replace("backbone.", ""): v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
msg = model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=False)
print(
"Pretrained weights found at {} and loaded with msg: {}".format(
self.args.pretrained_weights, msg
)
)
else:
print(
"Please use the `--pretrained_weights` argument to indicate the path of the checkpoint to evaluate."
)
url = None
if self.args.arch == "vit_small" and self.args.patch_size == 16:
url = "dino_deitsmall16_pretrain/dino_deitsmall16_pretrain.pth"
elif self.args.arch == "vit_small" and self.args.patch_size == 8:
url = "dino_deitsmall8_300ep_pretrain/dino_deitsmall8_300ep_pretrain.pth" # model used for visualizations in our paper
elif self.args.arch == "vit_base" and self.args.patch_size == 16:
url = "dino_vitbase16_pretrain/dino_vitbase16_pretrain.pth"
elif self.args.arch == "vit_base" and self.args.patch_size == 8:
url = "dino_vitbase8_pretrain/dino_vitbase8_pretrain.pth"
if url is not None:
print(
"Since no pretrained weights have been provided, we load the reference pretrained DINO weights."
)
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(
url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/" + url
)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
else:
print(
"There is no reference weights available for this model => We use random weights."
)
return model
def parse_args():
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser("Generation self-attention video")
parser.add_argument(
"--arch",
default="vit_small",
type=str,
choices=["vit_tiny", "vit_small", "vit_base"],
help="Architecture (support only ViT atm).",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--patch_size", default=8, type=int, help="Patch resolution of the self.model."
)
parser.add_argument(
"--pretrained_weights",
default="",
type=str,
help="Path to pretrained weights to load.",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--checkpoint_key",
default="teacher",
type=str,
help='Key to use in the checkpoint (example: "teacher")',
)
parser.add_argument(
"--input_path",
required=True,
type=str,
help="""Path to a video file if you want to extract frames
or to a folder of images already extracted by yourself.
or to a folder of attention images.""",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--output_path",
default="./",
type=str,
help="""Path to store a folder of frames and / or a folder of attention images.
and / or a final video. Default to current directory.""",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--threshold",
type=float,
default=0.6,
help="""We visualize masks
obtained by thresholding the self-attention maps to keep xx percent of the mass.""",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--resize",
default=None,
type=int,
nargs="+",
help="""Apply a resize transformation to input image(s). Use if OOM error.
Usage (single or W H): --resize 512, --resize 720 1280""",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--video_only",
action="store_true",
help="""Use this flag if you only want to generate a video and not all attention images.
If used, --input_path must be set to the folder of attention images. Ex: ./attention/""",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--fps",
default=30.0,
type=float,
help="FPS of input / output video. Automatically set if you extract frames from a video.",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--video_format",
default="mp4",
type=str,
choices=["mp4", "avi"],
help="Format of generated video (mp4 or avi).",
)
return parser.parse_args()
if __name__ == "__main__":
args = parse_args()
vg = VideoGenerator(args)
vg.run()
================================================
FILE: vision_transformer.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""
Mostly copy-paste from timm library.
https://github.com/rwightman/pytorch-image-models/blob/master/timm/models/vision_transformer.py
"""
import math
from functools import partial
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from utils import trunc_normal_
def drop_path(x, drop_prob: float = 0., training: bool = False):
if drop_prob == 0. or not training:
return x
keep_prob = 1 - drop_prob
shape = (x.shape[0],) + (1,) * (x.ndim - 1) # work with diff dim tensors, not just 2D ConvNets
random_tensor = keep_prob + torch.rand(shape, dtype=x.dtype, device=x.device)
random_tensor.floor_() # binarize
output = x.div(keep_prob) * random_tensor
return output
class DropPath(nn.Module):
"""Drop paths (Stochastic Depth) per sample (when applied in main path of residual blocks).
"""
def __init__(self, drop_prob=None):
super(DropPath, self).__init__()
self.drop_prob = drop_prob
def forward(self, x):
return drop_path(x, self.drop_prob, self.training)
class Mlp(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, in_features, hidden_features=None, out_features=None, act_layer=nn.GELU, drop=0.):
super().__init__()
out_features = out_features or in_features
hidden_features = hidden_features or in_features
self.fc1 = nn.Linear(in_features, hidden_features)
self.act = act_layer()
self.fc2 = nn.Linear(hidden_features, out_features)
self.drop = nn.Dropout(drop)
def forward(self, x):
x = self.fc1(x)
x = self.act(x)
x = self.drop(x)
x = self.fc2(x)
x = self.drop(x)
return x
class Attention(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, dim, num_heads=8, qkv_bias=False, qk_scale=None, attn_drop=0., proj_drop=0.):
super().__init__()
self.num_heads = num_heads
head_dim = dim // num_heads
self.scale = qk_scale or head_dim ** -0.5
self.qkv = nn.Linear(dim, dim * 3, bias=qkv_bias)
self.attn_drop = nn.Dropout(attn_drop)
self.proj = nn.Linear(dim, dim)
self.proj_drop = nn.Dropout(proj_drop)
def forward(self, x):
B, N, C = x.shape
qkv = self.qkv(x).reshape(B, N, 3, self.num_heads, C // self.num_heads).permute(2, 0, 3, 1, 4)
q, k, v = qkv[0], qkv[1], qkv[2]
attn = (q @ k.transpose(-2, -1)) * self.scale
attn = attn.softmax(dim=-1)
attn = self.attn_drop(attn)
x = (attn @ v).transpose(1, 2).reshape(B, N, C)
x = self.proj(x)
x = self.proj_drop(x)
return x, attn
class Block(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, dim, num_heads, mlp_ratio=4., qkv_bias=False, qk_scale=None, drop=0., attn_drop=0.,
drop_path=0., act_layer=nn.GELU, norm_layer=nn.LayerNorm):
super().__init__()
self.norm1 = norm_layer(dim)
self.attn = Attention(
dim, num_heads=num_heads, qkv_bias=qkv_bias, qk_scale=qk_scale, attn_drop=attn_drop, proj_drop=drop)
self.drop_path = DropPath(drop_path) if drop_path > 0. else nn.Identity()
self.norm2 = norm_layer(dim)
mlp_hidden_dim = int(dim * mlp_ratio)
self.mlp = Mlp(in_features=dim, hidden_features=mlp_hidden_dim, act_layer=act_layer, drop=drop)
def forward(self, x, return_attention=False):
y, attn = self.attn(self.norm1(x))
if return_attention:
return attn
x = x + self.drop_path(y)
x = x + self.drop_path(self.mlp(self.norm2(x)))
return x
class PatchEmbed(nn.Module):
""" Image to Patch Embedding
"""
def __init__(self, img_size=224, patch_size=16, in_chans=3, embed_dim=768):
super().__init__()
num_patches = (img_size // patch_size) * (img_size // patch_size)
self.img_size = img_size
self.patch_size = patch_size
self.num_patches = num_patches
self.proj = nn.Conv2d(in_chans, embed_dim, kernel_size=patch_size, stride=patch_size)
def forward(self, x):
B, C, H, W = x.shape
x = self.proj(x).flatten(2).transpose(1, 2)
return x
class VisionTransformer(nn.Module):
""" Vision Transformer """
def __init__(self, img_size=[224], patch_size=16, in_chans=3, num_classes=0, embed_dim=768, depth=12,
num_heads=12, mlp_ratio=4., qkv_bias=False, qk_scale=None, drop_rate=0., attn_drop_rate=0.,
drop_path_rate=0., norm_layer=nn.LayerNorm, **kwargs):
super().__init__()
self.num_features = self.embed_dim = embed_dim
self.patch_embed = PatchEmbed(
img_size=img_size[0], patch_size=patch_size, in_chans=in_chans, embed_dim=embed_dim)
num_patches = self.patch_embed.num_patches
self.cls_token = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, 1, embed_dim))
self.pos_embed = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, num_patches + 1, embed_dim))
self.pos_drop = nn.Dropout(p=drop_rate)
dpr = [x.item() for x in torch.linspace(0, drop_path_rate, depth)] # stochastic depth decay rule
self.blocks = nn.ModuleList([
Block(
dim=embed_dim, num_heads=num_heads, mlp_ratio=mlp_ratio, qkv_bias=qkv_bias, qk_scale=qk_scale,
drop=drop_rate, attn_drop=attn_drop_rate, drop_path=dpr[i], norm_layer=norm_layer)
for i in range(depth)])
self.norm = norm_layer(embed_dim)
# Classifier head
self.head = nn.Linear(embed_dim, num_classes) if num_classes > 0 else nn.Identity()
trunc_normal_(self.pos_embed, std=.02)
trunc_normal_(self.cls_token, std=.02)
self.apply(self._init_weights)
def _init_weights(self, m):
if isinstance(m, nn.Linear):
trunc_normal_(m.weight, std=.02)
if isinstance(m, nn.Linear) and m.bias is not None:
nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
elif isinstance(m, nn.LayerNorm):
nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
nn.init.constant_(m.weight, 1.0)
def interpolate_pos_encoding(self, x, w, h):
npatch = x.shape[1] - 1
N = self.pos_embed.shape[1] - 1
if npatch == N and w == h:
return self.pos_embed
class_pos_embed = self.pos_embed[:, 0]
patch_pos_embed = self.pos_embed[:, 1:]
dim = x.shape[-1]
w0 = w // self.patch_embed.patch_size
h0 = h // self.patch_embed.patch_size
# we add a small number to avoid floating point error in the interpolation
# see discussion at https://github.com/facebookresearch/dino/issues/8
w0, h0 = w0 + 0.1, h0 + 0.1
patch_pos_embed = nn.functional.interpolate(
patch_pos_embed.reshape(1, int(math.sqrt(N)), int(math.sqrt(N)), dim).permute(0, 3, 1, 2),
scale_factor=(w0 / math.sqrt(N), h0 / math.sqrt(N)),
mode='bicubic',
)
assert int(w0) == patch_pos_embed.shape[-2] and int(h0) == patch_pos_embed.shape[-1]
patch_pos_embed = patch_pos_embed.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).view(1, -1, dim)
return torch.cat((class_pos_embed.unsqueeze(0), patch_pos_embed), dim=1)
def prepare_tokens(self, x):
B, nc, w, h = x.shape
x = self.patch_embed(x) # patch linear embedding
# add the [CLS] token to the embed patch tokens
cls_tokens = self.cls_token.expand(B, -1, -1)
x = torch.cat((cls_tokens, x), dim=1)
# add positional encoding to each token
x = x + self.interpolate_pos_encoding(x, w, h)
return self.pos_drop(x)
def forward(self, x):
x = self.prepare_tokens(x)
for blk in self.blocks:
x = blk(x)
x = self.norm(x)
return x[:, 0]
def get_last_selfattention(self, x):
x = self.prepare_tokens(x)
for i, blk in enumerate(self.blocks):
if i < len(self.blocks) - 1:
x = blk(x)
else:
# return attention of the last block
return blk(x, return_attention=True)
def get_intermediate_layers(self, x, n=1):
x = self.prepare_tokens(x)
# we return the output tokens from the `n` last blocks
output = []
for i, blk in enumerate(self.blocks):
x = blk(x)
if len(self.blocks) - i <= n:
output.append(self.norm(x))
return output
def vit_tiny(patch_size=16, **kwargs):
model = VisionTransformer(
patch_size=patch_size, embed_dim=192, depth=12, num_heads=3, mlp_ratio=4,
qkv_bias=True, norm_layer=partial(nn.LayerNorm, eps=1e-6), **kwargs)
return model
def vit_small(patch_size=16, **kwargs):
model = VisionTransformer(
patch_size=patch_size, embed_dim=384, depth=12, num_heads=6, mlp_ratio=4,
qkv_bias=True, norm_layer=partial(nn.LayerNorm, eps=1e-6), **kwargs)
return model
def vit_base(patch_size=16, **kwargs):
model = VisionTransformer(
patch_size=patch_size, embed_dim=768, depth=12, num_heads=12, mlp_ratio=4,
qkv_bias=True, norm_layer=partial(nn.LayerNorm, eps=1e-6), **kwargs)
return model
class DINOHead(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, in_dim, out_dim, use_bn=False, norm_last_layer=True, nlayers=3, hidden_dim=2048, bottleneck_dim=256):
super().__init__()
nlayers = max(nlayers, 1)
if nlayers == 1:
self.mlp = nn.Linear(in_dim, bottleneck_dim)
else:
layers = [nn.Linear(in_dim, hidden_dim)]
if use_bn:
layers.append(nn.BatchNorm1d(hidden_dim))
layers.append(nn.GELU())
for _ in range(nlayers - 2):
layers.append(nn.Linear(hidden_dim, hidden_dim))
if use_bn:
layers.append(nn.BatchNorm1d(hidden_dim))
layers.append(nn.GELU())
layers.append(nn.Linear(hidden_dim, bottleneck_dim))
self.mlp = nn.Sequential(*layers)
self.apply(self._init_weights)
self.last_layer = nn.utils.weight_norm(nn.Linear(bottleneck_dim, out_dim, bias=False))
self.last_layer.weight_g.data.fill_(1)
if norm_last_layer:
self.last_layer.weight_g.requires_grad = False
def _init_weights(self, m):
if isinstance(m, nn.Linear):
trunc_normal_(m.weight, std=.02)
if isinstance(m, nn.Linear) and m.bias is not None:
nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)
def forward(self, x):
x = self.mlp(x)
x = nn.functional.normalize(x, dim=-1, p=2)
x = self.last_layer(x)
return x
================================================
FILE: visualize_attention.py
================================================
# Copyright (c) Facebook, Inc. and its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import os
import sys
import argparse
import cv2
import random
import colorsys
import requests
from io import BytesIO
import skimage.io
from skimage.measure import find_contours
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torchvision
from torchvision import transforms as pth_transforms
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import utils
import vision_transformer as vits
def apply_mask(image, mask, color, alpha=0.5):
for c in range(3):
image[:, :, c] = image[:, :, c] * (1 - alpha * mask) + alpha * mask * color[c] * 255
return image
def random_colors(N, bright=True):
"""
Generate random colors.
"""
brightness = 1.0 if bright else 0.7
hsv = [(i / N, 1, brightness) for i in range(N)]
colors = list(map(lambda c: colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(*c), hsv))
random.shuffle(colors)
return colors
def display_instances(image, mask, fname="test", figsize=(5, 5), blur=False, contour=True, alpha=0.5):
fig = plt.figure(figsize=figsize, frameon=False)
ax = plt.Axes(fig, [0., 0., 1., 1.])
ax.set_axis_off()
fig.add_axes(ax)
ax = plt.gca()
N = 1
mask = mask[None, :, :]
# Generate random colors
colors = random_colors(N)
# Show area outside image boundaries.
height, width = image.shape[:2]
margin = 0
ax.set_ylim(height + margin, -margin)
ax.set_xlim(-margin, width + margin)
ax.axis('off')
masked_image = image.astype(np.uint32).copy()
for i in range(N):
color = colors[i]
_mask = mask[i]
if blur:
_mask = cv2.blur(_mask,(10,10))
# Mask
masked_image = apply_mask(masked_image, _mask, color, alpha)
# Mask Polygon
# Pad to ensure proper polygons for masks that touch image edges.
if contour:
padded_mask = np.zeros((_mask.shape[0] + 2, _mask.shape[1] + 2))
padded_mask[1:-1, 1:-1] = _mask
contours = find_contours(padded_mask, 0.5)
for verts in contours:
# Subtract the padding and flip (y, x) to (x, y)
verts = np.fliplr(verts) - 1
p = Polygon(verts, facecolor="none", edgecolor=color)
ax.add_patch(p)
ax.imshow(masked_image.astype(np.uint8), aspect='auto')
fig.savefig(fname)
print(f"{fname} saved.")
return
if __name__ == '__main__':
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser('Visualize Self-Attention maps')
parser.add_argument('--arch', default='vit_small', type=str,
choices=['vit_tiny', 'vit_small', 'vit_base'], help='Architecture (support only ViT atm).')
parser.add_argument('--patch_size', default=8, type=int, help='Patch resolution of the model.')
parser.add_argument('--pretrained_weights', default='', type=str,
help="Path to pretrained weights to load.")
parser.add_argument("--checkpoint_key", default="teacher", type=str,
help='Key to use in the checkpoint (example: "teacher")')
parser.add_argument("--image_path", default=None, type=str, help="Path of the image to load.")
parser.add_argument("--image_size", default=(480, 480), type=int, nargs="+", help="Resize image.")
parser.add_argument('--output_dir', default='.', help='Path where to save visualizations.')
parser.add_argument("--threshold", type=float, default=None, help="""We visualize masks
obtained by thresholding the self-attention maps to keep xx% of the mass.""")
args = parser.parse_args()
device = torch.device("cuda") if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.device("cpu")
# build model
model = vits.__dict__[args.arch](patch_size=args.patch_size, num_classes=0)
for p in model.parameters():
p.requires_grad = False
model.eval()
model.to(device)
if os.path.isfile(args.pretrained_weights):
state_dict = torch.load(args.pretrained_weights, map_location="cpu")
if args.checkpoint_key is not None and args.checkpoint_key in state_dict:
print(f"Take key {args.checkpoint_key} in provided checkpoint dict")
state_dict = state_dict[args.checkpoint_key]
# remove `module.` prefix
state_dict = {k.replace("module.", ""): v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
# remove `backbone.` prefix induced by multicrop wrapper
state_dict = {k.replace("backbone.", ""): v for k, v in state_dict.items()}
msg = model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=False)
print('Pretrained weights found at {} and loaded with msg: {}'.format(args.pretrained_weights, msg))
else:
print("Please use the `--pretrained_weights` argument to indicate the path of the checkpoint to evaluate.")
url = None
if args.arch == "vit_small" and args.patch_size == 16:
url = "dino_deitsmall16_pretrain/dino_deitsmall16_pretrain.pth"
elif args.arch == "vit_small" and args.patch_size == 8:
url = "dino_deitsmall8_300ep_pretrain/dino_deitsmall8_300ep_pretrain.pth" # model used for visualizations in our paper
elif args.arch == "vit_base" and args.patch_size == 16:
url = "dino_vitbase16_pretrain/dino_vitbase16_pretrain.pth"
elif args.arch == "vit_base" and args.patch_size == 8:
url = "dino_vitbase8_pretrain/dino_vitbase8_pretrain.pth"
if url is not None:
print("Since no pretrained weights have been provided, we load the reference pretrained DINO weights.")
state_dict = torch.hub.load_state_dict_from_url(url="https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/" + url)
model.load_state_dict(state_dict, strict=True)
else:
print("There is no reference weights available for this model => We use random weights.")
# open image
if args.image_path is None:
# user has not specified any image - we use our own image
print("Please use the `--image_path` argument to indicate the path of the image you wish to visualize.")
print("Since no image path have been provided, we take the first image in our paper.")
response = requests.get("https://dl.fbaipublicfiles.com/dino/img.png")
img = Image.open(BytesIO(response.content))
img = img.convert('RGB')
elif os.path.isfile(args.image_path):
with open(args.image_path, 'rb') as f:
img = Image.open(f)
img = img.convert('RGB')
else:
print(f"Provided image path {args.image_path} is non valid.")
sys.exit(1)
transform = pth_transforms.Compose([
pth_transforms.Resize(args.image_size),
pth_transforms.ToTensor(),
pth_transforms.Normalize((0.485, 0.456, 0.406), (0.229, 0.224, 0.225)),
])
img = transform(img)
# make the image divisible by the patch size
w, h = img.shape[1] - img.shape[1] % args.patch_size, img.shape[2] - img.shape[2] % args.patch_size
img = img[:, :w, :h].unsqueeze(0)
w_featmap = img.shape[-2] // args.patch_size
h_featmap = img.shape[-1] // args.patch_size
attentions = model.get_last_selfattention(img.to(device))
nh = attentions.shape[1] # number of head
# we keep only the output patch attention
attentions = attentions[0, :, 0, 1:].reshape(nh, -1)
if args.threshold is not None:
# we keep only a certain percentage of the mass
val, idx = torch.sort(attentions)
val /= torch.sum(val, dim=1, keepdim=True)
cumval = torch.cumsum(val, dim=1)
th_attn = cumval > (1 - args.threshold)
idx2 = torch.argsort(idx)
for head in range(nh):
th_attn[head] = th_attn[head][idx2[head]]
th_attn = th_attn.reshape(nh, w_featmap, h_featmap).float()
# interpolate
th_attn = nn.functional.interpolate(th_attn.unsqueeze(0), scale_factor=args.patch_size, mode="nearest")[0].cpu().numpy()
attentions = attentions.reshape(nh, w_featmap, h_featmap)
attentions = nn.functional.interpolate(attentions.unsqueeze(0), scale_factor=args.patch_size, mode="nearest")[0].cpu().numpy()
# save attentions heatmaps
os.makedirs(args.output_dir, exist_ok=True)
torchvision.utils.save_image(torchvision.utils.make_grid(img, normalize=True, scale_each=True), os.path.join(args.output_dir, "img.png"))
for j in range(nh):
fname = os.path.join(args.output_dir, "attn-head" + str(j) + ".png")
plt.imsave(fname=fname, arr=attentions[j], format='png')
print(f"{fname} saved.")
if args.threshold is not None:
image = skimage.io.imread(os.path.join(args.output_dir, "img.png"))
for j in range(nh):
display_instances(image, th_attn[j], fname=os.path.join(args.output_dir, "mask_th" + str(args.threshold) + "_head" + str(j) +".png"), blur=False)
