[
  {
    "path": ".github/workflows/gitbook-build.yml",
    "content": "name: Build GitBook\n\non:\n  push:\n    branches:\n      - master\n    paths:\n      - '**/*.md'\n      - 'book.json'\n      - 'SUMMARY.md'\n      - 'package.json'\n      - 'package-lock.json'\n  workflow_dispatch:\n\npermissions:\n  contents: write\n\njobs:\n  build-and-commit:\n    if: github.actor != 'github-actions[bot]'\n    runs-on: ubuntu-latest\n\n    steps:\n      - name: Checkout\n        uses: actions/checkout@v4\n        with:\n          fetch-depth: 0\n\n      - name: Setup Node.js\n        uses: actions/setup-node@v4\n        with:\n          node-version-file: '.node-version'\n\n      - name: Install dependencies and GitBook plugins\n        run: |\n          npm install\n          npm install -g gitbook-cli\n          gitbook install\n\n      - name: Build GitBook\n        run: |\n          gitbook build\n          cp -R _book/* .\n          git clean -fx _book\n\n      - name: Commit generated site files\n        run: |\n          git config user.name \"github-actions[bot]\"\n          git config user.email \"41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com\"\n\n          if [ -n \"$(git status --porcelain)\" ]; then\n            git add -A\n            git commit -m \"chore: regenerate GitBook output\"\n            git push\n          else\n            echo \"No generated changes to commit\"\n          fi\n"
  },
  {
    "path": ".gitignore",
    "content": "_book\nnode_modules\n.idea\nnpm-debug.log\nCNAME"
  },
  {
    "path": ".node-version",
    "content": "12.16.0\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "CONTRIBUTING.md",
    "content": "# Contributing\n\nThe [flashcards.github.io](https://flashcards.github.io/) community is possible thanks to kind volunteers like you. We welcome any and all contributions to the community and are excited to welcome you aboard.\n\nIf you've noticed a mistake or have a new deck, [open a pull request](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/issues/new) or start a [discussion](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/discussions/categories/new-topic-requests)!\n\n## Steps to contributing to this GitBook:\n1. Clone the [repository here](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io).\n2. Install the [GitBook CLI](https://github.com/GitbookIO/gitbook-cli).\n3. Run `npm install` via the [command line](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io?tab=readme-ov-file#command-line).\n4. Run `gitbook build` via the command line.\n5. Run `cp -R _book/* .` via the command line.\n6. Run `git clean -fx _book` via the command line.\n7. Commit your changes and [open a PR](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/issues/new)."
  },
  {
    "path": "LICENSE",
    "content": "The MIT License (MIT)\n\nCopyright (c) 2016 learn-rxjs\n\nPermission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\nof this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to deal\nin the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights\nto use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell\ncopies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\nfurnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n\nThe above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all\ncopies or substantial portions of the Software.\n\nTHE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\nIMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\nFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\nAUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\nLIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,\nOUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE\nSOFTWARE.\n\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "LICENSE.md",
    "content": "MIT License\n\nCopyright (c) 2020 Flashcards\n\nPermission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy\nof this software and associated documentation files (the \"Software\"), to deal\nin the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights\nto use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell\ncopies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is\nfurnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n\nThe above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all\ncopies or substantial portions of the Software.\n\nTHE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED \"AS IS\", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR\nIMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,\nFITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE\nAUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER\nLIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,\nOUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE\nSOFTWARE.\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "README.md",
    "content": "# Flashcards for Developers | flashcards.github.io\n\nA community-based collection of developer flashcards to boost your professional skills.\n\n<a href=\"https://flashcards.io\" target=\"_blank\"><img width=\"185\" src=\"https://flashcardsio.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/assets/sponsored.png\"></a>\n\n<a href=\"https://www.digitalocean.com/?refcode=6f109bebd85a&utm_campaign=Referral_Invite&utm_medium=Referral_Program&utm_source=badge\"><img src=\"https://web-platforms.sfo2.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/WWW/Badge%201.svg\" alt=\"DigitalOcean Referral Badge\" /></a>\n\n## Topics\n\n### Algorithms\n\n- [Recursion](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-recursion-d930f071-374e-444b-b8d1-f6229c2c3735/cheatsheet)\n- [Asymptotic Notation](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-asymptotic-notation-955d9102-9539-4c54-a9ba-855b94dc9a17/cheatsheet)\n- [Bubble Sort](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-bubble-sort-d5360ece-398e-41ba-9747-92907fee92e0/cheatsheet)\n- [Merge Sort](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-merge-sort-8c032673-eb72-45a9-9ec9-99db73aa5f8d/cheatsheet)\n- [Quicksort](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-quicksort-36491b24-c957-4536-9d1e-5651678a0d19/cheatsheet)\n\n### AWS FAQs\n\n- [CloudFront](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront/faqs/)\n- [DynamoDB](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/dynamodb/faqs/)\n- [EC2](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/faqs/)\n- [Lambda](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/faqs/)\n- [RDS](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/rds/faqs/)\n- [Redshift](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/redshift/faqs/)\n- [SageMaker](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/sagemaker/faqs/)\n- [S3](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/s3/faqs/)\n\n### [Bash Shortcuts](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/Bash_Shortcuts.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index)\n\n### Command Line\n\n- [Navigating the File System](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/seds-learn-the-command-line/modules/seds-learn-the-command-line-navigation/cheatsheet)\n- [Viewing and Changing the File System](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/seds-learn-the-command-line/modules/seds-learn-the-command-line-manipulation/cheatsheet)\n- [Redirecting Input and Output](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/seds-learn-the-command-line/modules/seds-learn-the-command-line-redirection/cheatsheet)\n- [Configuring the Environment](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/seds-learn-the-command-line/modules/seds-learn-the-command-line-environment/cheatsheet)\n\n### CSS\n\n- [Syntax and Selectors](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/syntax-and-selectors/cheatsheet)\n- [Visual Rules](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-selectors-visual-rules/cheatsheet)\n- [The Box Model](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-box-model/cheatsheet)\n- [Display and Positioning](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-display-positioning/cheatsheet)\n- [Colors](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-colors/cheatsheet)\n- [Typography](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-typography/cheatsheet)\n- [Layout with Flexbox](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-css/modules/layout-with-flexbox/cheatsheet)\n- [Grid](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-css/modules/learn-css-grid/cheatsheet)\n- [CSS - Transitions](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-css/modules/css-transitions/cheatsheet)\n- [Learn Responsive Design](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-css/modules/learn-responsive-design-module/cheatsheet)\n\n### [Dockerfile](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/Dockerfile.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index)\n\n### [Git](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/Git.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index)\n\n### HTML\n\n- [Elements and Structure](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-html-elements/cheatsheet)\n- [Tables](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-html-tables/cheatsheet)\n- [Forms](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-html-forms/cheatsheet)\n- [Semantic HTML](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-semantic-html/cheatsheet)\n\n### [HTTP Status Codes](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/HTTP_Status_Codes.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index)\n\n### Node.js\n\n- [Introduction to Node.js](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-node-js/modules/intro-to-node-js/cheatsheet)\n- [Node.js Essentials](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-node-js/modules/node-js-essentials/cheatsheet)\n- [Setting up a Server with HTTP](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-node-js/modules/setting-up-a-server-with-http/cheatsheet)\n\n### Python\n\n- [Basics](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-hello-world/cheatsheet)\n- [Control Flow](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-control-flow/cheatsheet)\n- [Control Flows Extended](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/cspath-code-challenges/cheatsheet)\n- [Lists](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-lists/cheatsheet)\n- [Loops](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-loops/cheatsheet)\n- [Functions](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-functions/cheatsheet)\n- [Strings](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-strings/cheatsheet)\n- [Modules](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-modules/cheatsheet)\n- [Dictionaries](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-dictionaries/cheatsheet)\n- [Files](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-files/cheatsheet)\n- [Classes](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-classes/cheatsheet)\n- [Function Arguments](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-python-3/modules/int-python-function-arguments/cheatsheet)\n- [Logging](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-python/modules/logging/cheatsheet)\n- [Functional Programming](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-python/modules/functional-programming/cheatsheet)\n- [Database Operations](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-python/modules/functional-programming/cheatsheet)\n- [Concurrent Programming](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-python/modules/concurrent-programming/cheatsheet)\n\n### React\n\n- [React Terminology](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://legacy.reactjs.org/docs/glossary.html)\n- [Redux Terminology](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://redux.js.org/understanding/thinking-in-redux/glossary)\n- [JSX](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-introduction/modules/react-101-jsx-u/cheatsheet)\n- [React Components](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-introduction/modules/learn-react-components/cheatsheet)\n- [Components Interacting](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-introduction/modules/react-components-interacting/cheatsheet)\n- [Components and Props](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscp-react-part-ii/modules/fecp-components-and-props/cheatsheet)\n- [React Programming Patterns](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-state-management/modules/learn-react-stateless-inherit-stateful/cheatsheet)\n- [Hooks](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-hooks/modules/learn-react-hooks/cheatsheet)\n- [Lifecycle Methods](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-lifecycle-methods/modules/learn-react-lifecycle-methods/cheatsheet)\n- [React Styles](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-additional-basics/modules/react-styles/cheatsheet)\n- [Advanced React: Custom Hooks](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-react/modules/advanced-react-custom-hooks/cheatsheet)\n- [Advanced React: Context](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-react/modules/advanced-react-context/cheatsheet)\n\n### Ruby\n\n- [Introduction to Ruby](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-introduction-to-ruby-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Control Flow in Ruby](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-control-flow-in-ruby-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Looping with Ruby](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-looping-with-ruby-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Arrays and Hashes](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-arrays-and-hashes-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Blocks and Sorting](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-blocks-and-sorting-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Hashes and Symbols](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-hashes-and-symbols-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Refactoring](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-refactoring-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Blocks, Procs, and Lambdas](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-blocks-procs-and-lambdas-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Object-Oriented Programming, Part I](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-object-oriented-programming-part-i-u/cheatsheet)\n- [Object-Oriented Programming, Part II](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-object-oriented-programming-part-ii-u/cheatsheet)\n\n### SQL\n\n- [Manipulation](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-manipulation/cheatsheet)\n- [Queries](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-queries/cheatsheet)\n- [Aggregate Functions](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-aggregate-functions/cheatsheet)\n- [Multiple Tables](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-multiple-tables/cheatsheet)\n- [SQLite](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/SQLite.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index)\n- [YAML](https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/YAML.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index)\n\n## Contributing\n\nThe [flashcards.github.io](https://flashcards.github.io/) community is possible thanks to kind volunteers like you. We welcome any and all contributions to the community and are excited to welcome you aboard.\n\nIf you've noticed a mistake or have a new deck, [open a pull request](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/issues/new) or start a [discussion](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/discussions/categories/new-topic-requests)!\n\n### Steps to contributing to this GitBook:\n\n1. Clone the [repository here](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io).\n2. Install the [GitBook CLI](https://github.com/GitbookIO/gitbook-cli).\n3. Run `npm install` via the [command line](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io?tab=readme-ov-file#command-line).\n4. Run `gitbook build` via the command line.\n5. Run `cp -R _book/* .` via the command line.\n6. Run `git clean -fx _book` via the command line.\n7. Commit your changes and [open a PR](https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/issues/new).\n\n---\n\nCreated by [Zachary Lawson](https://zacharylawson.com/)\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "SUMMARY.md",
    "content": "# Table of contents\n\n- [Introduction](README.md)\n\n## flashcards.github.io\n\n- [Command Line](command_line/README.md)\n  - [Introduction Flashcards](command_line/introduction.md)\n- [GraphQL](graphql/README.md)\n  - [Introduction Flashcards](graphql/introduction.md)\n- [SQL](sql/README.md)\n  - [Introduction Flashcards](sql/introduction.md)\n"
  },
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    "path": "book.json",
    "content": "{\n  \"gitbook\": \"3.1.1\",\n  \"title\": \"Flashcards for Developers | flashcards.github.io\",\n  \"plugins\": [\n    \"include-codeblock\",\n    \"advanced-emoji\",\n    \"prism\",\n    \"highlight\",\n    \"copy-code-button\",\n    \"edit-link\",\n    \"github\",\n    \"github-buttons\",\n    \"ga\",\n    \"fontsettings\"\n  ],\n  \"pluginsConfig\": {\n    \"edit-link\": {\n      \"base\": \"https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/edit/master\",\n      \"label\": \"Edit This Page\"\n    },\n    \"github\": {\n      \"url\": \"https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/\"\n    },\n    \"ga\": {\n      \"token\": \"UA-129080735-2\"\n    },\n    \"github-buttons\": {\n      \"buttons\": [\n        {\n          \"user\": \"flashcards\",\n          \"repo\": \"flashcards.github.io\",\n          \"type\": \"star\",\n          \"size\": \"small\",\n          \"count\": true\n        },{\n          \"user\": \"flashcards\",\n          \"repo\": \"flashcards.github.io\",\n          \"type\": \"watch\",\n          \"size\": \"small\"\n        }\n      ]\n    }\n  }\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "command_line/README.md",
    "content": "# Learn Command Line | Flashcards for Developers\n\nLearn Command Line - a text interface for your computer. It’s a program that takes in commands, which it passes on to the computer’s operating system to run.\n\n\n\n### Decks\n\n- [Introduction](introduction.md)\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "command_line/index.html",
    "content": "\n<!DOCTYPE HTML>\n<html lang=\"\" >\n    <head>\n        <title>Command Line · Flashcards for Developers | flashcards.github.io</title>\n        <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n        <meta http-equiv=\"X-UA-Compatible\" content=\"IE=edge\" />\n        <meta content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" http-equiv=\"Content-Type\">\n        <meta name=\"description\" content=\"\">\n        <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"GitBook 3.1.1\">\n        \n        \n        \n    \n    <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/style.css\">\n\n    \n            \n                \n                <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-advanced-emoji/emoji-website.css\">\n                \n            \n                \n                <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism.css\">\n                \n            \n                \n                <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-highlight/website.css\">\n                \n            \n                \n                <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/website.css\">\n                \n            \n                \n                <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search.css\">\n                \n            \n        \n\n    \n\n    \n        \n    \n        \n    \n        \n    \n        \n    \n        \n    \n        \n        <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../styles/website.css\">\n        \n    \n\n        \n    \n    \n    \n    <meta name=\"HandheldFriendly\" content=\"true\"/>\n    <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1, user-scalable=no\">\n    <meta name=\"apple-mobile-web-app-capable\" content=\"yes\">\n    <meta name=\"apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style\" content=\"black\">\n    <link rel=\"apple-touch-icon-precomposed\" sizes=\"152x152\" href=\"../gitbook/images/apple-touch-icon-precomposed-152.png\">\n    <link rel=\"shortcut 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   \n    \n\n    \n\n    \n        \n        \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"1.1\" data-path=\"../\">\n            \n                <a href=\"../\">\n            \n                    \n                    Introduction\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n        </li>\n    \n\n    \n        \n        <li class=\"header\">flashcards.github.io</li>\n        \n        \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter active\" data-level=\"2.1\" data-path=\"./\">\n            \n                <a href=\"./\">\n            \n                    \n                    Command Line\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n            <ul class=\"articles\">\n                \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"2.1.1\" data-path=\"introduction.html\">\n            \n                <a href=\"introduction.html\">\n            \n                    \n                    Introduction Flashcards\n            \n           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It&#x2019;s a program that takes in commands, which it passes on to the computer&#x2019;s operating system to run.</p>\n<h3 id=\"pwd\">pwd</h3>\n<p><code>pwd</code> prints the name of the working directory</p>\n<h3 id=\"cd\">cd</h3>\n<p><code>cd</code> takes a directory name as an argument, and switches into that directory</p>\n<h3 id=\"ls\">ls</h3>\n<p><code>ls</code> lists all files and directories in the working directory</p>\n<h3 id=\"cp\">cp</h3>\n<p><code>cp</code> copies files or directories. <code>cp file1 file2</code> will copy file1 to file2</p>\n<h3 id=\"cd-\">cd ..</h3>\n<p>To move up one directory, use <code>cd ..</code></p>\n<h3 id=\"mkdir\">mkdir</h3>\n<p><code>mkdir</code> takes in a directory name as an argument, and then creates a new directory in the current working directory.</p>\n<h3 id=\"mv\">mv</h3>\n<p>To move a file into a directory, use <code>mv</code> with the source file as the first argument and the destination directory as the second argument</p>\n<h3 id=\"cat\">cat</h3>\n<p><code>cat</code> allows us to create single or multiple files, view contain of file, concatenate files and redirect output in terminal or files.</p>\n<h3 id=\"touch\">touch</h3>\n<p><code>touch</code> creates a new file inside the working directory. It takes in a file name as an argument, and then creates a new empty file in the current working directory. Here we used touch to create a new file named keyboard.txt inside the 2014/dec/ directory.</p>\n<h3 id=\"grep\">grep</h3>\n<p><code>grep</code> stands for &#x201C;global regular expression print&#x201D;. It searches files for lines that match a pattern and returns the results. It is case sensitive.</p>\n<h3 id=\"rm\">rm</h3>\n<p><code>rm</code> deletes files</p>\n<h3 id=\"rm--r\">rm -r</h3>\n<p><code>rm -r</code> removes a directory recursively</p>\n<h3 id=\"man\">man</h3>\n<p><code>man command</code> shows the manual for the specified <code>command</code></p>\n<h3 id=\"chmod\">chmod</h3>\n<p><code>chmod ugo file</code> changes permissions of file to ugo - u is the user&apos;s permissions, g is the group&apos;s permissions, and o is everyone else&apos;s permissions. The values of u, g, and o can be any number between 0 and 7.</p>\n<h3 id=\"cat\">cat</h3>\n<p>cat command allows us to create single or multiple files, view contain of file, concatenate files and redirect output in terminal or files.</p>\n<h3 id=\"\">&gt;&gt;</h3>\n<p><code>&gt;&gt;</code> takes the standard output of the command on the left and appends (adds) it to the file on the right. Example: <code>cat glaciers.txt &gt;&gt; rivers.txt</code></p>\n<h3 id=\"\"><strong>&lt;</strong></h3>\n<p><code>&lt;</code> takes the standard input from the file on the right and inputs it into the program on the left. Example: <code>cat &lt; lakes.txt</code></p>\n<h3 id=\"\">|</h3>\n<p><code>|</code> is a &#x201C;pipe&#x201D;. The | takes the standard output of the command on the left, and pipes it as standard input to the command on the right. You can think of this as &#x201C;command to command&#x201D; redirection. Example: <code>cat volcanoes.txt | wc</code></p>\n<h2 id=\"references\">References:</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http://cheatsheetworld.com/programming/unix-linux-cheat-sheet/\" target=\"_blank\">http://cheatsheetworld.com/programming/unix-linux-cheat-sheet/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.codecademy.com/articles/command-line-commands\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.codecademy.com/articles/command-line-commands</a></li>\n</ul>\n\n                                \n                                </section>\n                            \n    </div>\n    <div class=\"search-results\">\n        <div class=\"has-results\">\n            \n            <h1 class=\"search-results-title\"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching \"<span class='search-query'></span>\"</h1>\n            <ul class=\"search-results-list\"></ul>\n            \n        </div>\n        <div class=\"no-results\">\n            \n            <h1 class=\"search-results-title\">No results matching 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  },
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    "path": "command_line/introduction.md",
    "content": "# Introduction | Command Line Flashcards\n\n<iframe class=\"FlashcardsIO\" src=\"https://embed.flashcards.io/?url=https://flashcards.github.io/command_line/introduction.html\"></iframe>\n\n### command line\n\nThe command line is a text interface for your computer. It’s a program that takes in commands, which it passes on to the computer’s operating system to run.\n\n### pwd\n\n`pwd` prints the name of the working directory\n\n### cd\n\n`cd` takes a directory name as an argument, and switches into that directory\n\n### ls\n\n`ls` lists all files and directories in the working directory\n\n### cp\n\n`cp` copies files or directories. `cp file1 file2` will copy file1 to file2\n\n### cd ..\n\nTo move up one directory, use `cd ..`\n\n### mkdir\n\n`mkdir` takes in a directory name as an argument, and then creates a new directory in the current working directory.\n\n### mv\n\nTo move a file into a directory, use `mv` with the source file as the first argument and the destination directory as the second argument\n\n### cat\n\n`cat` allows us to create single or multiple files, view contain of file, concatenate files and redirect output in terminal or files.\n\n### touch\n\n`touch` creates a new file inside the working directory. It takes in a file name as an argument, and then creates a new empty file in the current working directory. Here we used touch to create a new file named keyboard.txt inside the 2014/dec/ directory.\n\n### grep\n\n`grep` stands for “global regular expression print”. It searches files for lines that match a pattern and returns the results. It is case sensitive.\n\n### rm\n\n`rm` deletes files\n\n### rm -r\n\n`rm -r` removes a directory recursively\n\n### man\n\n`man command` shows the manual for the specified `command`\n\n### chmod\n\n`chmod ugo file` changes permissions of file to ugo - u is the user's permissions, g is the group's permissions, and o is everyone else's permissions. The values of u, g, and o can be any number between 0 and 7.\n\n### cat\n\ncat command allows us to create single or multiple files, view contain of file, concatenate files and redirect output in terminal or files.\n\n### >>\n\n`>>` takes the standard output of the command on the left and appends (adds) it to the file on the right. Example: `cat glaciers.txt >> rivers.txt`\n\n### **<**\n\n`<` takes the standard input from the file on the right and inputs it into the program on the left. Example: `cat < lakes.txt`\n\n### |\n\n`|` is a “pipe”. The | takes the standard output of the command on the left, and pipes it as standard input to the command on the right. You can think of this as “command to command” redirection. Example: `cat volcanoes.txt | wc`\n\n## References:\n\n- http://cheatsheetworld.com/programming/unix-linux-cheat-sheet/\n- https://www.codecademy.com/articles/command-line-commands\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-advanced-emoji/LICENSE-IMAGES.md",
    "content": "octocat, squirrel, shipit\nCopyright (c) 2012 GitHub Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nbowtie, neckbeard\nCopyright (c) 2012 37signals, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nfeelsgood, finnadie, goberserk, godmode, hurtrealbad, rage 1-4, suspect\nCopyright (c) 2012 id Software. All rights reserved.\n\ntrollface\nCopyright (c) 2012 whynne@deviantart. All rights reserved.\n\nAll other images\nCopyright (c) 2012 Apple Inc. All rights reserved.\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-advanced-emoji/LICENSE.md",
    "content": "THE MIT LICENSE (MIT)\nCopyright © 2014 Hassan Khan, http://hassankhan.me <contact@hassankhan.me>\n\nPermission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the “Software”), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:\n\nThe above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.\n\nTHE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.\n"
  },
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    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-advanced-emoji/emoji-book.css",
    "content": "/* adjusted for gitbook styling. original css from emojify.js */\n.emoji {\n  width: 1em;\n  height: 1em;\n  display: inline-block;\n  margin-top: 0;\n  background-size: contain;\n}"
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    "content": "/* adjusted for gitbook styling. original css from emojify.js */\n.emoji {\n  width: 1.3em;\n  height: 1.3em;\n  display: inline-block;\n  margin-bottom: 0.2em;\n  background-size: contain;\n}"
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    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-copy-code-button/toggle.js",
    "content": "require([\"gitbook\", \"jQuery\"], function(gitbook, $) {\n  function selectElementText(el){\n      var range = document.createRange();\n      range.selectNodeContents(el);\n      var selection = window.getSelection();\n      selection.removeAllRanges();\n      selection.addRange(range);\n  }\n\n  function getSelectedText() {\n    var t = '';\n      if (window.getSelection) {\n          t = window.getSelection();\n      } else if (document.getSelection) {\n          t = document.getSelection();\n      } else if (document.selection) {\n          t = document.selection.createRange().text;\n      }\n      return t;\n  }\n  \n  function copyToClipboard(text) {\n    if (window.clipboardData && window.clipboardData.setData) {\n        // IE specific code path to prevent textarea being shown while dialog is visible.\n        return clipboardData.setData(\"Text\", text); \n\n    } else if (document.queryCommandSupported && document.queryCommandSupported(\"copy\")) {\n        var textarea = document.createElement(\"textarea\");\n        textarea.textContent = text;\n        textarea.style.position = \"fixed\";  // Prevent scrolling to bottom of page in MS Edge.\n        document.body.appendChild(textarea);\n        textarea.select();\n        try {\n            return document.execCommand(\"copy\");  // Security exception may be thrown by some browsers.\n        } catch (ex) {\n            console.warn(\"Copy to clipboard failed.\", ex);\n            return false;\n        } finally {\n            document.body.removeChild(textarea);\n        }\n    }\n  }\n\n  function expand(chapter) {\n    chapter.show();\n    if (chapter.parent().attr('class') != 'summary'\n        && chapter.parent().attr('class') != 'book-summary'\n      && chapter.length != 0\n       ) {\n         expand(chapter.parent());\n       }\n  }\n\n  gitbook.events.bind(\"page.change\", function() {\n    $(\"pre\").each(function(){\n      $(this).css(\"position\", \"relative\");\n\n      var $copyCodeButton = $(\"<button class='copy-code-button'>Copy</button>\");\n      $copyCodeButton.css({\"position\": \"absolute\", \"top\": \"5px\", \"right\": \"5px\", \"padding\": \"3px\", \"background-color\":\"#313E4E\", \"color\":\"white\", \"border-radius\": \"5px\" , \"-moz-border-radius\": \"5px\", \"-webkit-border-radius\": \"5px\", \"border\": \"2px solid #CCCCCC\"});\n      $copyCodeButton.click(function(){\n        var $codeContainer = $(this).siblings(\"code\");\n        if($codeContainer) {\n          selectElementText($codeContainer.get(0));\n          var selectedText = getSelectedText();\n\n          var buttonNewText = \"\";\n          if(copyToClipboard(selectedText) == true){\n            buttonNewText = \"Copied\";\n            selectElementText($codeContainer.get(0));\n          } else {\n            buttonNewText = \"Unable to copy\";\n            selectElementText($codeContainer.get(0));\n          }\n\n          $(this).text(buttonNewText);\n          var that = this;\n          setTimeout(function(){\n              $(that).text(\"Copy\");\n          }, 2000);\n        }\n      });\n      \n      $(this).append($copyCodeButton);\n    });\n  });\n});\n"
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    "content": "require([\"gitbook\", \"jQuery\"], function(gitbook, $) {\n    gitbook.events.bind('start', function (e, config) {\n        var conf = config['edit-link'];\n        var label = conf.label;\n        var base = conf.base;\n        var lang = gitbook.state.innerLanguage;\n        if (lang) {\n            // label can be a unique string for multi-languages site\n            if (typeof label === 'object') label = label[lang];\n\n            lang = lang + '/';\n        }\n\n        // Add slash at the end if not present\n        if (base.slice(-1) != \"/\") {\n            base = base + \"/\";\n        }\n\n        gitbook.toolbar.createButton({\n            icon: 'fa fa-edit',\n            text: label,\n            onClick: function() {\n                var filepath = gitbook.state.filepath;\n\n                window.open(base + lang + filepath);\n            }\n        });\n    });\n\n});"
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    "content": "require(['gitbook', 'jquery'], function(gitbook, $) {\n    // Configuration\n    var MAX_SIZE       = 4,\n        MIN_SIZE       = 0,\n        BUTTON_ID;\n\n    // Current fontsettings state\n    var fontState;\n\n    // Default themes\n    var THEMES = [\n        {\n            config: 'white',\n            text: 'White',\n            id: 0\n        },\n        {\n            config: 'sepia',\n            text: 'Sepia',\n            id: 1\n        },\n        {\n            config: 'night',\n            text: 'Night',\n            id: 2\n        }\n    ];\n\n    // Default font families\n    var FAMILIES = [\n        {\n            config: 'serif',\n            text: 'Serif',\n            id: 0\n        },\n        {\n            config: 'sans',\n            text: 'Sans',\n            id: 1\n        }\n    ];\n\n    // Return configured themes\n    function getThemes() {\n        return THEMES;\n    }\n\n    // Modify configured themes\n    function setThemes(themes) {\n        THEMES = themes;\n        updateButtons();\n    }\n\n    // Return configured font families\n    function getFamilies() {\n        return FAMILIES;\n    }\n\n    // Modify configured font families\n    function setFamilies(families) {\n        FAMILIES = families;\n        updateButtons();\n    }\n\n    // Save current font settings\n    function saveFontSettings() {\n        gitbook.storage.set('fontState', fontState);\n        update();\n    }\n\n    // Increase font size\n    function enlargeFontSize(e) {\n        e.preventDefault();\n        if (fontState.size >= MAX_SIZE) return;\n\n        fontState.size++;\n        saveFontSettings();\n    }\n\n    // Decrease font size\n    function reduceFontSize(e) {\n        e.preventDefault();\n        if (fontState.size <= MIN_SIZE) return;\n\n        fontState.size--;\n        saveFontSettings();\n    }\n\n    // Change font family\n    function changeFontFamily(configName, e) {\n        if (e && e instanceof Event) {\n            e.preventDefault();\n        }\n\n        var familyId = getFontFamilyId(configName);\n        fontState.family = familyId;\n        saveFontSettings();\n    }\n\n    // Change type of color theme\n    function changeColorTheme(configName, e) {\n        if (e && e instanceof Event) {\n            e.preventDefault();\n        }\n\n        var $book = gitbook.state.$book;\n\n        // Remove currently applied color theme\n        if (fontState.theme !== 0)\n            $book.removeClass('color-theme-'+fontState.theme);\n\n        // Set new color theme\n        var themeId = getThemeId(configName);\n        fontState.theme = themeId;\n        if (fontState.theme !== 0)\n            $book.addClass('color-theme-'+fontState.theme);\n\n        saveFontSettings();\n    }\n\n    // Return the correct id for a font-family config key\n    // Default to first font-family\n    function getFontFamilyId(configName) {\n        // Search for plugin configured font family\n        var configFamily = $.grep(FAMILIES, function(family) {\n            return family.config == configName;\n        })[0];\n        // Fallback to default font family\n        return (!!configFamily)? configFamily.id : 0;\n    }\n\n    // Return the correct id for a theme config key\n    // Default to first theme\n    function getThemeId(configName) {\n        // Search for plugin configured theme\n        var configTheme = $.grep(THEMES, function(theme) {\n            return theme.config == configName;\n        })[0];\n        // Fallback to default theme\n        return (!!configTheme)? configTheme.id : 0;\n    }\n\n    function update() {\n        var $book = gitbook.state.$book;\n\n        $('.font-settings .font-family-list li').removeClass('active');\n        $('.font-settings .font-family-list li:nth-child('+(fontState.family+1)+')').addClass('active');\n\n        $book[0].className = $book[0].className.replace(/\\bfont-\\S+/g, '');\n        $book.addClass('font-size-'+fontState.size);\n        $book.addClass('font-family-'+fontState.family);\n\n        if(fontState.theme !== 0) {\n            $book[0].className = $book[0].className.replace(/\\bcolor-theme-\\S+/g, '');\n            $book.addClass('color-theme-'+fontState.theme);\n        }\n    }\n\n    function init(config) {\n        // Search for plugin configured font family\n        var configFamily = getFontFamilyId(config.family),\n            configTheme = getThemeId(config.theme);\n\n        // Instantiate font state object\n        fontState = gitbook.storage.get('fontState', {\n            size:   config.size || 2,\n            family: configFamily,\n            theme:  configTheme\n        });\n\n        update();\n    }\n\n    function updateButtons() {\n        // Remove existing fontsettings buttons\n        if (!!BUTTON_ID) {\n            gitbook.toolbar.removeButton(BUTTON_ID);\n        }\n\n        // Create buttons in toolbar\n        BUTTON_ID = gitbook.toolbar.createButton({\n            icon: 'fa fa-font',\n            label: 'Font Settings',\n            className: 'font-settings',\n            dropdown: [\n                [\n                    {\n                        text: 'A',\n                        className: 'font-reduce',\n                        onClick: reduceFontSize\n                    },\n                    {\n                        text: 'A',\n                        className: 'font-enlarge',\n                        onClick: enlargeFontSize\n                    }\n                ],\n                $.map(FAMILIES, function(family) {\n                    family.onClick = function(e) {\n                        return changeFontFamily(family.config, e);\n                    };\n\n                    return family;\n                }),\n                $.map(THEMES, function(theme) {\n                    theme.onClick = function(e) {\n                        return changeColorTheme(theme.config, e);\n                    };\n\n                    return theme;\n                })\n            ]\n        });\n    }\n\n    // Init configuration at start\n    gitbook.events.bind('start', function(e, config) {\n        var opts = config.fontsettings;\n\n        // Generate buttons at start\n        updateButtons();\n\n        // Init current settings\n        init(opts);\n    });\n\n    // Expose API\n    gitbook.fontsettings = {\n        enlargeFontSize: enlargeFontSize,\n        reduceFontSize:  reduceFontSize,\n        setTheme:        changeColorTheme,\n        setFamily:       changeFontFamily,\n        getThemes:       getThemes,\n        setThemes:       setThemes,\n        getFamilies:     getFamilies,\n        setFamilies:     setFamilies\n    };\n});\n\n\n"
  },
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    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-fontsettings/website.css",
    "content": "/*\n * Theme 1\n */\n.color-theme-1 .dropdown-menu {\n  background-color: #111111;\n  border-color: #7e888b;\n}\n.color-theme-1 .dropdown-menu .dropdown-caret .caret-inner {\n  border-bottom: 9px solid #111111;\n}\n.color-theme-1 .dropdown-menu .buttons {\n  border-color: #7e888b;\n}\n.color-theme-1 .dropdown-menu .button {\n  color: #afa790;\n}\n.color-theme-1 .dropdown-menu .button:hover {\n  color: #73553c;\n}\n/*\n * Theme 2\n */\n.color-theme-2 .dropdown-menu {\n  background-color: #2d3143;\n  border-color: #272a3a;\n}\n.color-theme-2 .dropdown-menu .dropdown-caret .caret-inner {\n  border-bottom: 9px solid #2d3143;\n}\n.color-theme-2 .dropdown-menu .buttons {\n  border-color: #272a3a;\n}\n.color-theme-2 .dropdown-menu .button {\n  color: #62677f;\n}\n.color-theme-2 .dropdown-menu .button:hover {\n  color: #f4f4f5;\n}\n.book .book-header .font-settings .font-enlarge {\n  line-height: 30px;\n  font-size: 1.4em;\n}\n.book .book-header .font-settings .font-reduce {\n  line-height: 30px;\n  font-size: 1em;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body {\n  color: #704214;\n  background: #f3eacb;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section {\n  background: #f3eacb;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body {\n  color: #bdcadb;\n  background: #1c1f2b;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section {\n  background: #1c1f2b;\n}\n.book.font-size-0 .book-body .page-inner section {\n  font-size: 1.2rem;\n}\n.book.font-size-1 .book-body .page-inner section {\n  font-size: 1.4rem;\n}\n.book.font-size-2 .book-body .page-inner section {\n  font-size: 1.6rem;\n}\n.book.font-size-3 .book-body .page-inner section {\n  font-size: 2.2rem;\n}\n.book.font-size-4 .book-body .page-inner section {\n  font-size: 4rem;\n}\n.book.font-family-0 {\n  font-family: Georgia, serif;\n}\n.book.font-family-1 {\n  font-family: \"Helvetica Neue\", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal {\n  color: #704214;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal a {\n  color: inherit;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h1,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h2,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h3,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h4,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h5,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h6 {\n  color: inherit;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h1,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h2 {\n  border-color: inherit;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal h6 {\n  color: inherit;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal hr {\n  background-color: inherit;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal blockquote {\n  border-color: inherit;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code {\n  background: #fdf6e3;\n  color: #657b83;\n  border-color: #f8df9c;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal .highlight {\n  background-color: inherit;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal table th,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal table td {\n  border-color: #f5d06c;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal table tr {\n  color: inherit;\n  background-color: #fdf6e3;\n  border-color: #444444;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal table tr:nth-child(2n) {\n  background-color: #fbeecb;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body 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section.normal hr {\n  background-color: #373b4e;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal blockquote {\n  border-color: #373b4e;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code {\n  color: #9dbed8;\n  background: #2d3143;\n  border-color: #2d3143;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal .highlight {\n  background-color: #282a39;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal table th,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal table td {\n  border-color: #3b3f54;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal table tr {\n  color: #b6c2d2;\n  background-color: #2d3143;\n  border-color: #3b3f54;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal table tr:nth-child(2n) {\n  background-color: #35394b;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-header {\n  color: #afa790;\n  background: transparent;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-header .btn {\n  color: #afa790;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-header .btn:hover {\n  color: #73553c;\n  background: none;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-header h1 {\n  color: #704214;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-header {\n  color: #7e888b;\n  background: transparent;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-header .btn {\n  color: #3b3f54;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-header .btn:hover {\n  color: #fffff5;\n  background: none;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-header h1 {\n  color: #bdcadb;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .navigation {\n  color: #afa790;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .navigation:hover {\n  color: #73553c;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .navigation {\n  color: #383f52;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .navigation:hover {\n  color: #fffff5;\n}\n/*\n * Theme 1\n */\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary {\n  color: #afa790;\n  background: #111111;\n  border-right: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary .book-search {\n  background: transparent;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary .book-search input,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary .book-search input:focus {\n  border: 1px solid transparent;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary ul.summary li.divider {\n  background: #7e888b;\n  box-shadow: none;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary ul.summary li i.fa-check {\n  color: #33cc33;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary ul.summary li.done > a {\n  color: #877f6a;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary ul.summary li a,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary ul.summary li span {\n  color: #877f6a;\n  background: transparent;\n  font-weight: normal;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary ul.summary li.active > a,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-summary ul.summary li a:hover {\n  color: #704214;\n  background: transparent;\n  font-weight: normal;\n}\n/*\n * Theme 2\n */\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary {\n  color: #bcc1d2;\n  background: #2d3143;\n  border-right: none;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary .book-search {\n  background: transparent;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary .book-search input,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary .book-search input:focus {\n  border: 1px solid transparent;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary ul.summary li.divider {\n  background: #272a3a;\n  box-shadow: none;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary ul.summary li i.fa-check {\n  color: #33cc33;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary ul.summary li.done > a {\n  color: #62687f;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary ul.summary li a,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary ul.summary li span {\n  color: #c1c6d7;\n  background: transparent;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary ul.summary li.active > a,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-summary ul.summary li a:hover {\n  color: #f4f4f5;\n  background: #252737;\n  font-weight: 600;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-ga/plugin.js",
    "content": "require([\"gitbook\"], function(gitbook) {\n    // Load analytics.js\n    gitbook.events.bind(\"start\", function(e, config) {\n        (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){\n        (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),\n        m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)\n        })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');\n\n        var cfg = config.ga;\n        ga('create', cfg.token, cfg.configuration);\n    });\n\n    // Notify pageview\n    gitbook.events.bind(\"page.change\", function() {\n        ga('send', 'pageview', window.location.pathname+window.location.search);\n    });\n});\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-github/plugin.js",
    "content": "require([ 'gitbook' ], function (gitbook) {\n    gitbook.events.bind('start', function (e, config) {\n        var githubURL = config.github.url;\n\n        gitbook.toolbar.createButton({\n            icon: 'fa fa-github',\n            label: 'GitHub',\n            position: 'right',\n            onClick: function() {\n                window.open(githubURL)\n            }\n        });\n    });\n});\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-github-buttons/plugin.js",
    "content": "// LICENSE : MIT\n\"use strict\";\nrequire(['gitbook'], function (gitbook) {\n    function addBeforeHeader(element) {\n        jQuery('.book-header > h1').before(element);\n    }\n\n    function createButton(_ref) {\n        var user = _ref.user;\n        var repo = _ref.repo;\n        var type = _ref.type;\n        var size = _ref.size;\n        var width = _ref.width;\n        var height = _ref.height;\n        var count = _ref.count;\n\n        var extraParam = type === \"watch\" ? \"&v=2\" : \"\";\n        return '<a class=\"btn pull-right hidden-mobile\" aria-label=\"github\">\\n            <iframe\\n                style=\"display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;\"\\n                src=\"https://ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=' + user + '&repo=' + repo + '&type=' + type + '&count=' + count + '&size=' + size + extraParam + '\"\\n                frameborder=\"0\"\\n                scrolling=\"0\"\\n                width=\"' + width + 'px\"\\n                height=\"' + height + 'px\"\\n            ></iframe>\\n        </a>';\n    }\n\n    function createUserButton(_ref2) {\n        var user = _ref2.user;\n        var size = _ref2.size;\n        var width = _ref2.width;\n        var height = _ref2.height;\n        var count = _ref2.count;\n\n        return '<a class=\"btn pull-right hidden-mobile\" aria-label=\"github\">\\n            <iframe\\n                style=\"display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;\"\\n                src=\"https://ghbtns.com/github-btn.html?user=' + user + '&type=follow&count=' + count + '&size=' + size + '\"\\n                frameborder=\"0\"\\n                scrolling=\"0\"\\n                width=\"' + width + 'px\"\\n                height=\"' + height + 'px\"\\n            ></iframe>\\n        </a>';\n    }\n\n    function insertGitHubLink(button) {\n        var user = button.user;\n        var repo = button.repo;\n        var type = button.type;\n        var size = button.size;\n        var width = button.width;\n        var height = button.height;\n        var count = button.count;\n\n        var size = size || \"large\";\n        var width = width || (size === \"large\" ? \"150\" : \"100\");\n        var height = height || (size === \"large\" ? \"30\" : \"20\");\n        var count = typeof count === \"boolean\" ? count : false;\n\n        if (type === 'follow') {\n            var elementString = createUserButton({\n                user: user,\n                size: size,\n                width: width,\n                height: height,\n                count: count\n            });\n        } else {\n            var elementString = createButton({\n                user: user,\n                repo: repo,\n                type: type,\n                size: size,\n                width: width,\n                height: height,\n                count: count\n            });\n        }\n        addBeforeHeader(elementString);\n    }\n\n    function init(config) {\n        config.buttons.forEach(insertGitHubLink);\n    }\n\n    // injected by html hook\n    function getPluginConfig() {\n        return window[\"gitbook-plugin-github-buttons\"];\n    }\n\n    // make sure configuration gets injected\n    gitbook.events.bind('start', function (e, config) {\n        window[\"gitbook-plugin-github-buttons\"] = config[\"github-buttons\"];\n    });\n\n    gitbook.events.bind('page.change', function () {\n        init(getPluginConfig());\n    });\n});\n//# sourceMappingURL=plugin.js.map"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-highlight/ebook.css",
    "content": "pre,\ncode {\n  /* From https://github.com/isagalaev/highlight.js/blob/9.8.0/src/styles/tomorrow.css */\n  /* http://jmblog.github.io/color-themes-for-highlightjs */\n  /* Tomorrow Comment */\n  /* Tomorrow Red */\n  /* Tomorrow Orange */\n  /* Tomorrow Yellow */\n  /* Tomorrow Green */\n  /* Tomorrow Blue */\n  /* Tomorrow Purple */\n}\npre .hljs-comment,\ncode .hljs-comment,\npre .hljs-quote,\ncode .hljs-quote {\n  color: #8e908c;\n}\npre .hljs-variable,\ncode .hljs-variable,\npre .hljs-template-variable,\ncode .hljs-template-variable,\npre .hljs-tag,\ncode .hljs-tag,\npre .hljs-name,\ncode .hljs-name,\npre .hljs-selector-id,\ncode .hljs-selector-id,\npre .hljs-selector-class,\ncode .hljs-selector-class,\npre .hljs-regexp,\ncode .hljs-regexp,\npre .hljs-deletion,\ncode .hljs-deletion {\n  color: #c82829;\n}\npre .hljs-number,\ncode .hljs-number,\npre .hljs-built_in,\ncode .hljs-built_in,\npre .hljs-builtin-name,\ncode .hljs-builtin-name,\npre .hljs-literal,\ncode .hljs-literal,\npre .hljs-type,\ncode .hljs-type,\npre .hljs-params,\ncode .hljs-params,\npre .hljs-meta,\ncode .hljs-meta,\npre .hljs-link,\ncode .hljs-link {\n  color: #f5871f;\n}\npre .hljs-attribute,\ncode .hljs-attribute {\n  color: #eab700;\n}\npre .hljs-string,\ncode .hljs-string,\npre .hljs-symbol,\ncode .hljs-symbol,\npre .hljs-bullet,\ncode .hljs-bullet,\npre .hljs-addition,\ncode .hljs-addition {\n  color: #718c00;\n}\npre .hljs-title,\ncode .hljs-title,\npre .hljs-section,\ncode .hljs-section {\n  color: #4271ae;\n}\npre .hljs-keyword,\ncode .hljs-keyword,\npre .hljs-selector-tag,\ncode .hljs-selector-tag {\n  color: #8959a8;\n}\npre .hljs,\ncode .hljs {\n  display: block;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  background: white;\n  color: #4d4d4c;\n  padding: 0.5em;\n}\npre .hljs-emphasis,\ncode .hljs-emphasis {\n  font-style: italic;\n}\npre .hljs-strong,\ncode .hljs-strong {\n  font-weight: bold;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-highlight/website.css",
    "content": ".book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code {\n  /* From https://github.com/isagalaev/highlight.js/blob/9.8.0/src/styles/tomorrow.css */\n  /* http://jmblog.github.com/color-themes-for-google-code-highlightjs */\n  /* Tomorrow Comment */\n  /* Tomorrow Red */\n  /* Tomorrow Orange */\n  /* Tomorrow Yellow */\n  /* Tomorrow Green */\n  /* Tomorrow Blue */\n  /* Tomorrow Purple */\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-comment,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-comment,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-quote,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-quote {\n  color: #8e908c;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-variable,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-variable,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-template-variable,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-template-variable,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-tag,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-tag,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-name,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-name,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-id,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-id,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-class,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-class,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-regexp,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-regexp,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-deletion,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-deletion {\n  color: #c82829;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-number,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-number,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-built_in,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-built_in,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-builtin-name,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-builtin-name,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-literal,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-literal,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-type,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-type,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-params,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-params,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-meta,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-meta,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-link,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-link {\n  color: #f5871f;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-attribute,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-attribute {\n  color: #eab700;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-string,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-string,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-symbol,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-symbol,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-bullet,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-bullet,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-addition,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-addition {\n  color: #718c00;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-title,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-title,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-section,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-section {\n  color: #4271ae;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-keyword,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-keyword,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-tag,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-tag {\n  color: #8959a8;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs {\n  display: block;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  background: white;\n  color: #4d4d4c;\n  padding: 0.5em;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-emphasis,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-emphasis {\n  font-style: italic;\n}\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-strong,\n.book .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-strong {\n  font-weight: bold;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code {\n  /* From https://github.com/isagalaev/highlight.js/blob/9.8.0/src/styles/solarized-light.css */\n  /*\n\nOrginal Style from ethanschoonover.com/solarized (c) Jeremy Hull <sourdrums@gmail.com>\n\n*/\n  /* Solarized Green */\n  /* Solarized Cyan */\n  /* Solarized Blue */\n  /* Solarized Yellow */\n  /* Solarized Orange */\n  /* Solarized Red */\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs {\n  display: block;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  padding: 0.5em;\n  background: #fdf6e3;\n  color: #657b83;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-comment,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-comment,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-quote,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-quote {\n  color: #93a1a1;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-keyword,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-keyword,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-tag,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-tag,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-addition,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-addition {\n  color: #859900;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-number,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-number,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-string,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-string,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-meta .hljs-meta-string,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-meta .hljs-meta-string,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-literal,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-literal,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-doctag,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-doctag,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-regexp,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-regexp {\n  color: #2aa198;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-title,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-title,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-section,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-section,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-name,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-name,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-id,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-id,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-class,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-class {\n  color: #268bd2;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-attribute,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-attribute,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-attr,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-attr,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-variable,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-variable,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-template-variable,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-template-variable,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-class .hljs-title,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-class .hljs-title,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-type,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-type {\n  color: #b58900;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-symbol,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-symbol,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-bullet,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-bullet,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-subst,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-subst,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-meta,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-meta,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-meta .hljs-keyword,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-meta .hljs-keyword,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-attr,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-attr,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-pseudo,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-pseudo,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-link,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-link {\n  color: #cb4b16;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-built_in,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-built_in,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-deletion,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-deletion {\n  color: #dc322f;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-formula,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-formula {\n  background: #eee8d5;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-emphasis,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-emphasis {\n  font-style: italic;\n}\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-strong,\n.book.color-theme-1 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-strong {\n  font-weight: bold;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code {\n  /* From https://github.com/isagalaev/highlight.js/blob/9.8.0/src/styles/tomorrow-night-bright.css */\n  /* Tomorrow Night Bright Theme */\n  /* Original theme - https://github.com/chriskempson/tomorrow-theme */\n  /* http://jmblog.github.com/color-themes-for-google-code-highlightjs */\n  /* Tomorrow Comment */\n  /* Tomorrow Red */\n  /* Tomorrow Orange */\n  /* Tomorrow Yellow */\n  /* Tomorrow Green */\n  /* Tomorrow Blue */\n  /* Tomorrow Purple */\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-comment,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-comment,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-quote,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-quote {\n  color: #969896;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-variable,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-variable,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-template-variable,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-template-variable,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-tag,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-tag,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-name,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-name,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-id,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-id,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-class,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-class,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-regexp,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-regexp,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-deletion,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-deletion {\n  color: #d54e53;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-number,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-number,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-built_in,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-built_in,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-builtin-name,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-builtin-name,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-literal,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-literal,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-type,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-type,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-params,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-params,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-meta,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-meta,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-link,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-link {\n  color: #e78c45;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-attribute,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-attribute {\n  color: #e7c547;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-string,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-string,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-symbol,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-symbol,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-bullet,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-bullet,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-addition,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-addition {\n  color: #b9ca4a;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-title,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-title,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-section,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-section {\n  color: #7aa6da;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-keyword,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-keyword,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-selector-tag,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-selector-tag {\n  color: #c397d8;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs {\n  display: block;\n  overflow-x: auto;\n  background: black;\n  color: #eaeaea;\n  padding: 0.5em;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-emphasis,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-emphasis {\n  font-style: italic;\n}\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal pre .hljs-strong,\n.book.color-theme-2 .book-body .page-wrapper .page-inner section.normal code .hljs-strong {\n  font-weight: bold;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-lunr/search-lunr.js",
    "content": "require([\n    'gitbook',\n    'jquery'\n], function(gitbook, $) {\n    // Define global search engine\n    function LunrSearchEngine() {\n        this.index = null;\n        this.store = {};\n        this.name = 'LunrSearchEngine';\n    }\n\n    // Initialize lunr by fetching the search index\n    LunrSearchEngine.prototype.init = function() {\n        var that = this;\n        var d = $.Deferred();\n\n        $.getJSON(gitbook.state.basePath+'/search_index.json')\n        .then(function(data) {\n            // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef\n            that.index = lunr.Index.load(data.index);\n            that.store = data.store;\n            d.resolve();\n        });\n\n        return d.promise();\n    };\n\n    // Search for a term and return results\n    LunrSearchEngine.prototype.search = function(q, offset, length) {\n        var that = this;\n        var results = [];\n\n        if (this.index) {\n            results = $.map(this.index.search(q), function(result) {\n                var doc = that.store[result.ref];\n\n                return {\n                    title: doc.title,\n                    url: doc.url,\n                    body: doc.summary || doc.body\n                };\n            });\n        }\n\n        return $.Deferred().resolve({\n            query: q,\n            results: results.slice(0, length),\n            count: results.length\n        }).promise();\n    };\n\n    // Set gitbook research\n    gitbook.events.bind('start', function(e, config) {\n        var engine = gitbook.search.getEngine();\n        if (!engine) {\n            gitbook.search.setEngine(LunrSearchEngine, config);\n        }\n    });\n});"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism-coy.css",
    "content": "/**\n * prism.js Coy theme for JavaScript, CoffeeScript, CSS and HTML\n * Based on https://github.com/tshedor/workshop-wp-theme (Example: http://workshop.kansan.com/category/sessions/basics or http://workshop.timshedor.com/category/sessions/basics);\n * @author Tim  Shedor\n */\n\ncode[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tcolor: black;\n\tbackground: none;\n\tfont-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;\n\tfont-size: 1em;\n\ttext-align: left;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tword-spacing: normal;\n\tword-break: normal;\n\tword-wrap: normal;\n\tline-height: 1.5;\n\n\t-moz-tab-size: 4;\n\t-o-tab-size: 4;\n\ttab-size: 4;\n\n\t-webkit-hyphens: none;\n\t-moz-hyphens: none;\n\t-ms-hyphens: none;\n\thyphens: none;\n}\n\n/* Code blocks */\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tposition: relative;\n\tmargin: .5em 0;\n\toverflow: visible;\n\tpadding: 0;\n}\npre[class*=\"language-\"]>code {\n\tposition: relative;\n\tborder-left: 10px solid #358ccb;\n\tbox-shadow: -1px 0px 0px 0px #358ccb, 0px 0px 0px 1px #dfdfdf;\n\tbackground-color: #fdfdfd;\n\tbackground-image: linear-gradient(transparent 50%, rgba(69, 142, 209, 0.04) 50%);\n\tbackground-size: 3em 3em;\n\tbackground-origin: content-box;\n\tbackground-attachment: local;\n}\n\ncode[class*=\"language\"] {\n\tmax-height: inherit;\n\theight: inherit;\n\tpadding: 0 1em;\n\tdisplay: block;\n\toverflow: auto;\n}\n\n/* Margin bottom to accommodate shadow */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tbackground-color: #fdfdfd;\n\t-webkit-box-sizing: border-box;\n\t-moz-box-sizing: border-box;\n\tbox-sizing: border-box;\n\tmargin-bottom: 1em;\n}\n\n/* Inline code */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tposition: relative;\n\tpadding: .2em;\n\tborder-radius: 0.3em;\n\tcolor: #c92c2c;\n\tborder: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n\tdisplay: inline;\n\twhite-space: normal;\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"]:before,\npre[class*=\"language-\"]:after {\n\tcontent: '';\n\tz-index: -2;\n\tdisplay: block;\n\tposition: absolute;\n\tbottom: 0.75em;\n\tleft: 0.18em;\n\twidth: 40%;\n\theight: 20%;\n\tmax-height: 13em;\n\tbox-shadow: 0px 13px 8px #979797;\n\t-webkit-transform: rotate(-2deg);\n\t-moz-transform: rotate(-2deg);\n\t-ms-transform: rotate(-2deg);\n\t-o-transform: rotate(-2deg);\n\ttransform: rotate(-2deg);\n}\n\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"]:after,\npre[class*=\"language-\"]:after {\n\tright: 0.75em;\n\tleft: auto;\n\t-webkit-transform: rotate(2deg);\n\t-moz-transform: rotate(2deg);\n\t-ms-transform: rotate(2deg);\n\t-o-transform: rotate(2deg);\n\ttransform: rotate(2deg);\n}\n\n.token.comment,\n.token.block-comment,\n.token.prolog,\n.token.doctype,\n.token.cdata {\n\tcolor: #7D8B99;\n}\n\n.token.punctuation {\n\tcolor: #5F6364;\n}\n\n.token.property,\n.token.tag,\n.token.boolean,\n.token.number,\n.token.function-name,\n.token.constant,\n.token.symbol,\n.token.deleted {\n\tcolor: #c92c2c;\n}\n\n.token.selector,\n.token.attr-name,\n.token.string,\n.token.char,\n.token.function,\n.token.builtin,\n.token.inserted {\n\tcolor: #2f9c0a;\n}\n\n.token.operator,\n.token.entity,\n.token.url,\n.token.variable {\n\tcolor: #a67f59;\n\tbackground: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);\n}\n\n.token.atrule,\n.token.attr-value,\n.token.keyword,\n.token.class-name {\n\tcolor: #1990b8;\n}\n\n.token.regex,\n.token.important {\n\tcolor: #e90;\n}\n\n.language-css .token.string,\n.style .token.string {\n\tcolor: #a67f59;\n\tbackground: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);\n}\n\n.token.important {\n\tfont-weight: normal;\n}\n\n.token.bold {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n.token.italic {\n\tfont-style: italic;\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcursor: help;\n}\n\n.token.namespace {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n@media screen and (max-width: 767px) {\n\tpre[class*=\"language-\"]:before,\n\tpre[class*=\"language-\"]:after {\n\t\tbottom: 14px;\n\t\tbox-shadow: none;\n\t}\n\n}\n\n/* Plugin styles */\n.token.tab:not(:empty):before,\n.token.cr:before,\n.token.lf:before {\n\tcolor: #e0d7d1;\n}\n\n/* Plugin styles: Line Numbers */\npre[class*=\"language-\"].line-numbers.line-numbers {\n\tpadding-left: 0;\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"].line-numbers.line-numbers code {\n\tpadding-left: 3.8em;\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"].line-numbers.line-numbers .line-numbers-rows {\n\tleft: 0;\n}\n\n/* Plugin styles: Line Highlight */\npre[class*=\"language-\"][data-line] {\n\tpadding-top: 0;\n\tpadding-bottom: 0;\n\tpadding-left: 0;\n}\npre[data-line] code {\n\tposition: relative;\n\tpadding-left: 4em;\n}\npre .line-highlight {\n\tmargin-top: 0;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism-dark.css",
    "content": "/**\n * prism.js Dark theme for JavaScript, CSS and HTML\n * Based on the slides of the talk “/Reg(exp){2}lained/”\n * @author Lea Verou\n */\n\ncode[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tcolor: white;\n\tbackground: none;\n\ttext-shadow: 0 -.1em .2em black;\n\tfont-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;\n\tfont-size: 1em;\n\ttext-align: left;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tword-spacing: normal;\n\tword-break: normal;\n\tword-wrap: normal;\n\tline-height: 1.5;\n\n\t-moz-tab-size: 4;\n\t-o-tab-size: 4;\n\ttab-size: 4;\n\n\t-webkit-hyphens: none;\n\t-moz-hyphens: none;\n\t-ms-hyphens: none;\n\thyphens: none;\n}\n\n@media print {\n\tcode[class*=\"language-\"],\n\tpre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\t\ttext-shadow: none;\n\t}\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"],\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tbackground: hsl(30, 20%, 25%);\n}\n\n/* Code blocks */\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: 1em;\n\tmargin: .5em 0;\n\toverflow: auto;\n\tborder: .3em solid hsl(30, 20%, 40%);\n\tborder-radius: .5em;\n\tbox-shadow: 1px 1px .5em black inset;\n}\n\n/* Inline code */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: .15em .2em .05em;\n\tborder-radius: .3em;\n\tborder: .13em solid hsl(30, 20%, 40%);\n\tbox-shadow: 1px 1px .3em -.1em black inset;\n\twhite-space: normal;\n}\n\n.token.comment,\n.token.prolog,\n.token.doctype,\n.token.cdata {\n\tcolor: hsl(30, 20%, 50%);\n}\n\n.token.punctuation {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n.token.namespace {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n.token.property,\n.token.tag,\n.token.boolean,\n.token.number,\n.token.constant,\n.token.symbol {\n\tcolor: hsl(350, 40%, 70%);\n}\n\n.token.selector,\n.token.attr-name,\n.token.string,\n.token.char,\n.token.builtin,\n.token.inserted {\n\tcolor: hsl(75, 70%, 60%);\n}\n\n.token.operator,\n.token.entity,\n.token.url,\n.language-css .token.string,\n.style .token.string,\n.token.variable {\n\tcolor: hsl(40, 90%, 60%);\n}\n\n.token.atrule,\n.token.attr-value,\n.token.keyword {\n\tcolor: hsl(350, 40%, 70%);\n}\n\n.token.regex,\n.token.important {\n\tcolor: #e90;\n}\n\n.token.important,\n.token.bold {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n.token.italic {\n\tfont-style: italic;\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcursor: help;\n}\n\n.token.deleted {\n\tcolor: red;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism-funky.css",
    "content": "/**\n * prism.js Funky theme\n * Based on “Polyfilling the gaps” talk slides http://lea.verou.me/polyfilling-the-gaps/\n * @author Lea Verou\n */\n\ncode[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tfont-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;\n\tfont-size: 1em;\n\ttext-align: left;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tword-spacing: normal;\n\tword-break: normal;\n\tword-wrap: normal;\n\tline-height: 1.5;\n\n\t-moz-tab-size: 4;\n\t-o-tab-size: 4;\n\ttab-size: 4;\n\n\t-webkit-hyphens: none;\n\t-moz-hyphens: none;\n\t-ms-hyphens: none;\n\thyphens: none;\n}\n\n/* Code blocks */\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: .4em .8em;\n\tmargin: .5em 0;\n\toverflow: auto;\n\tbackground: url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,<svg%20version%3D\"1.1\"%20xmlns%3D\"http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg\"%20width%3D\"100\"%20height%3D\"100\"%20fill%3D\"rgba(0%2C0%2C0%2C.2)\">%0D%0A<polygon%20points%3D\"0%2C50%2050%2C0%200%2C0\"%20%2F>%0D%0A<polygon%20points%3D\"0%2C100%2050%2C100%20100%2C50%20100%2C0\"%20%2F>%0D%0A<%2Fsvg>');\n\tbackground-size: 1em 1em;\n}\n\ncode[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tbackground: black;\n\tcolor: white;\n\tbox-shadow: -.3em 0 0 .3em black, .3em 0 0 .3em black;\n}\n\n/* Inline code */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: .2em;\n\tborder-radius: .3em;\n\tbox-shadow: none;\n\twhite-space: normal;\n}\n\n.token.comment,\n.token.prolog,\n.token.doctype,\n.token.cdata {\n\tcolor: #aaa;\n}\n\n.token.punctuation {\n\tcolor: #999;\n}\n\n.token.namespace {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n.token.property,\n.token.tag,\n.token.boolean,\n.token.number,\n.token.constant,\n.token.symbol {\n\tcolor: #0cf;\n}\n\n.token.selector,\n.token.attr-name,\n.token.string,\n.token.char,\n.token.builtin {\n\tcolor: yellow;\n}\n\n.token.operator,\n.token.entity,\n.token.url,\n.language-css .token.string,\n.token.variable,\n.token.inserted {\n\tcolor: yellowgreen;\n}\n\n.token.atrule,\n.token.attr-value,\n.token.keyword {\n\tcolor: deeppink;\n}\n\n.token.regex,\n.token.important {\n\tcolor: orange;\n}\n\n.token.important,\n.token.bold {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n.token.italic {\n\tfont-style: italic;\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcursor: help;\n}\n\n.token.deleted {\n\tcolor: red;\n}\n\n/* Plugin styles: Diff Highlight */\npre.diff-highlight.diff-highlight > code .token.deleted:not(.prefix),\npre > code.diff-highlight.diff-highlight .token.deleted:not(.prefix) {\n\tbackground-color: rgba(255, 0, 0, .3);\n\tdisplay: inline;\n}\n\npre.diff-highlight.diff-highlight > code .token.inserted:not(.prefix),\npre > code.diff-highlight.diff-highlight .token.inserted:not(.prefix) {\n\tbackground-color: rgba(0, 255, 128, .3);\n\tdisplay: inline;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism-okaidia.css",
    "content": "/**\n * okaidia theme for JavaScript, CSS and HTML\n * Loosely based on Monokai textmate theme by http://www.monokai.nl/\n * @author ocodia\n */\n\ncode[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tcolor: #f8f8f2;\n\tbackground: none;\n\ttext-shadow: 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);\n\tfont-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;\n\tfont-size: 1em;\n\ttext-align: left;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tword-spacing: normal;\n\tword-break: normal;\n\tword-wrap: normal;\n\tline-height: 1.5;\n\n\t-moz-tab-size: 4;\n\t-o-tab-size: 4;\n\ttab-size: 4;\n\n\t-webkit-hyphens: none;\n\t-moz-hyphens: none;\n\t-ms-hyphens: none;\n\thyphens: none;\n}\n\n/* Code blocks */\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: 1em;\n\tmargin: .5em 0;\n\toverflow: auto;\n\tborder-radius: 0.3em;\n}\n\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tbackground: #272822;\n}\n\n/* Inline code */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: .1em;\n\tborder-radius: .3em;\n\twhite-space: normal;\n}\n\n.token.comment,\n.token.prolog,\n.token.doctype,\n.token.cdata {\n\tcolor: slategray;\n}\n\n.token.punctuation {\n\tcolor: #f8f8f2;\n}\n\n.token.namespace {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n.token.property,\n.token.tag,\n.token.constant,\n.token.symbol,\n.token.deleted {\n\tcolor: #f92672;\n}\n\n.token.boolean,\n.token.number {\n\tcolor: #ae81ff;\n}\n\n.token.selector,\n.token.attr-name,\n.token.string,\n.token.char,\n.token.builtin,\n.token.inserted {\n\tcolor: #a6e22e;\n}\n\n.token.operator,\n.token.entity,\n.token.url,\n.language-css .token.string,\n.style .token.string,\n.token.variable {\n\tcolor: #f8f8f2;\n}\n\n.token.atrule,\n.token.attr-value,\n.token.function,\n.token.class-name {\n\tcolor: #e6db74;\n}\n\n.token.keyword {\n\tcolor: #66d9ef;\n}\n\n.token.regex,\n.token.important {\n\tcolor: #fd971f;\n}\n\n.token.important,\n.token.bold {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n.token.italic {\n\tfont-style: italic;\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcursor: help;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism-solarizedlight.css",
    "content": "/*\n Solarized Color Schemes originally by Ethan Schoonover\n http://ethanschoonover.com/solarized\n\n Ported for PrismJS by Hector Matos\n Website: https://krakendev.io\n Twitter Handle: https://twitter.com/allonsykraken)\n*/\n\n/*\nSOLARIZED HEX\n--------- -------\nbase03    #002b36\nbase02    #073642\nbase01    #586e75\nbase00    #657b83\nbase0     #839496\nbase1     #93a1a1\nbase2     #eee8d5\nbase3     #fdf6e3\nyellow    #b58900\norange    #cb4b16\nred       #dc322f\nmagenta   #d33682\nviolet    #6c71c4\nblue      #268bd2\ncyan      #2aa198\ngreen     #859900\n*/\n\ncode[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tcolor: #657b83; /* base00 */\n\tfont-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;\n\tfont-size: 1em;\n\ttext-align: left;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tword-spacing: normal;\n\tword-break: normal;\n\tword-wrap: normal;\n\n\tline-height: 1.5;\n\n\t-moz-tab-size: 4;\n\t-o-tab-size: 4;\n\ttab-size: 4;\n\n\t-webkit-hyphens: none;\n\t-moz-hyphens: none;\n\t-ms-hyphens: none;\n\thyphens: none;\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"]::-moz-selection, pre[class*=\"language-\"] ::-moz-selection,\ncode[class*=\"language-\"]::-moz-selection, code[class*=\"language-\"] ::-moz-selection {\n\tbackground: #073642; /* base02 */\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"]::selection, pre[class*=\"language-\"] ::selection,\ncode[class*=\"language-\"]::selection, code[class*=\"language-\"] ::selection {\n\tbackground: #073642; /* base02 */\n}\n\n/* Code blocks */\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: 1em;\n\tmargin: .5em 0;\n\toverflow: auto;\n\tborder-radius: 0.3em;\n}\n\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tbackground-color: #fdf6e3; /* base3 */\n}\n\n/* Inline code */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: .1em;\n\tborder-radius: .3em;\n}\n\n.token.comment,\n.token.prolog,\n.token.doctype,\n.token.cdata {\n\tcolor: #93a1a1; /* base1 */\n}\n\n.token.punctuation {\n\tcolor: #586e75; /* base01 */\n}\n\n.token.namespace {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n.token.property,\n.token.tag,\n.token.boolean,\n.token.number,\n.token.constant,\n.token.symbol,\n.token.deleted {\n\tcolor: #268bd2; /* blue */\n}\n\n.token.selector,\n.token.attr-name,\n.token.string,\n.token.char,\n.token.builtin,\n.token.url,\n.token.inserted {\n\tcolor: #2aa198; /* cyan */\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcolor: #657b83; /* base00 */\n\tbackground: #eee8d5; /* base2 */\n}\n\n.token.atrule,\n.token.attr-value,\n.token.keyword {\n\tcolor: #859900; /* green */\n}\n\n.token.function,\n.token.class-name {\n\tcolor: #b58900; /* yellow */\n}\n\n.token.regex,\n.token.important,\n.token.variable {\n\tcolor: #cb4b16; /* orange */\n}\n\n.token.important,\n.token.bold {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n.token.italic {\n\tfont-style: italic;\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcursor: help;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism-tomorrow.css",
    "content": "/**\n * prism.js tomorrow night eighties for JavaScript, CoffeeScript, CSS and HTML\n * Based on https://github.com/chriskempson/tomorrow-theme\n * @author Rose Pritchard\n */\n\ncode[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tcolor: #ccc;\n\tbackground: none;\n\tfont-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;\n\tfont-size: 1em;\n\ttext-align: left;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tword-spacing: normal;\n\tword-break: normal;\n\tword-wrap: normal;\n\tline-height: 1.5;\n\n\t-moz-tab-size: 4;\n\t-o-tab-size: 4;\n\ttab-size: 4;\n\n\t-webkit-hyphens: none;\n\t-moz-hyphens: none;\n\t-ms-hyphens: none;\n\thyphens: none;\n\n}\n\n/* Code blocks */\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: 1em;\n\tmargin: .5em 0;\n\toverflow: auto;\n}\n\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tbackground: #2d2d2d;\n}\n\n/* Inline code */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: .1em;\n\tborder-radius: .3em;\n\twhite-space: normal;\n}\n\n.token.comment,\n.token.block-comment,\n.token.prolog,\n.token.doctype,\n.token.cdata {\n\tcolor: #999;\n}\n\n.token.punctuation {\n\tcolor: #ccc;\n}\n\n.token.tag,\n.token.attr-name,\n.token.namespace,\n.token.deleted {\n\tcolor: #e2777a;\n}\n\n.token.function-name {\n\tcolor: #6196cc;\n}\n\n.token.boolean,\n.token.number,\n.token.function {\n\tcolor: #f08d49;\n}\n\n.token.property,\n.token.class-name,\n.token.constant,\n.token.symbol {\n\tcolor: #f8c555;\n}\n\n.token.selector,\n.token.important,\n.token.atrule,\n.token.keyword,\n.token.builtin {\n\tcolor: #cc99cd;\n}\n\n.token.string,\n.token.char,\n.token.attr-value,\n.token.regex,\n.token.variable {\n\tcolor: #7ec699;\n}\n\n.token.operator,\n.token.entity,\n.token.url {\n\tcolor: #67cdcc;\n}\n\n.token.important,\n.token.bold {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n.token.italic {\n\tfont-style: italic;\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcursor: help;\n}\n\n.token.inserted {\n\tcolor: green;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism-twilight.css",
    "content": "/**\n * prism.js Twilight theme\n * Based (more or less) on the Twilight theme originally of Textmate fame.\n * @author Remy Bach\n */\ncode[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tcolor: white;\n\tbackground: none;\n\tfont-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;\n\tfont-size: 1em;\n\ttext-align: left;\n\ttext-shadow: 0 -.1em .2em black;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tword-spacing: normal;\n\tword-break: normal;\n\tword-wrap: normal;\n\tline-height: 1.5;\n\n\t-moz-tab-size: 4;\n\t-o-tab-size: 4;\n\ttab-size: 4;\n\n\t-webkit-hyphens: none;\n\t-moz-hyphens: none;\n\t-ms-hyphens: none;\n\thyphens: none;\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"],\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tbackground: hsl(0, 0%, 8%); /* #141414 */\n}\n\n/* Code blocks */\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tborder-radius: .5em;\n\tborder: .3em solid hsl(0, 0%, 33%); /* #282A2B */\n\tbox-shadow: 1px 1px .5em black inset;\n\tmargin: .5em 0;\n\toverflow: auto;\n\tpadding: 1em;\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"]::-moz-selection {\n\t/* Firefox */\n\tbackground: hsl(200, 4%, 16%); /* #282A2B */\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"]::selection {\n\t/* Safari */\n\tbackground: hsl(200, 4%, 16%); /* #282A2B */\n}\n\n/* Text Selection colour */\npre[class*=\"language-\"]::-moz-selection, pre[class*=\"language-\"] ::-moz-selection,\ncode[class*=\"language-\"]::-moz-selection, code[class*=\"language-\"] ::-moz-selection {\n\ttext-shadow: none;\n\tbackground: hsla(0, 0%, 93%, 0.15); /* #EDEDED */\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"]::selection, pre[class*=\"language-\"] ::selection,\ncode[class*=\"language-\"]::selection, code[class*=\"language-\"] ::selection {\n\ttext-shadow: none;\n\tbackground: hsla(0, 0%, 93%, 0.15); /* #EDEDED */\n}\n\n/* Inline code */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tborder-radius: .3em;\n\tborder: .13em solid hsl(0, 0%, 33%); /* #545454 */\n\tbox-shadow: 1px 1px .3em -.1em black inset;\n\tpadding: .15em .2em .05em;\n\twhite-space: normal;\n}\n\n.token.comment,\n.token.prolog,\n.token.doctype,\n.token.cdata {\n\tcolor: hsl(0, 0%, 47%); /* #777777 */\n}\n\n.token.punctuation {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n.token.namespace {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n.token.tag,\n.token.boolean,\n.token.number,\n.token.deleted {\n\tcolor: hsl(14, 58%, 55%); /* #CF6A4C */\n}\n\n.token.keyword,\n.token.property,\n.token.selector,\n.token.constant,\n.token.symbol,\n.token.builtin {\n\tcolor: hsl(53, 89%, 79%); /* #F9EE98 */\n}\n\n.token.attr-name,\n.token.attr-value,\n.token.string,\n.token.char,\n.token.operator,\n.token.entity,\n.token.url,\n.language-css .token.string,\n.style .token.string,\n.token.variable,\n.token.inserted {\n\tcolor: hsl(76, 21%, 52%); /* #8F9D6A */\n}\n\n.token.atrule {\n\tcolor: hsl(218, 22%, 55%); /* #7587A6 */\n}\n\n.token.regex,\n.token.important {\n\tcolor: hsl(42, 75%, 65%); /* #E9C062 */\n}\n\n.token.important,\n.token.bold {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n.token.italic {\n\tfont-style: italic;\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcursor: help;\n}\n\npre[data-line] {\n\tpadding: 1em 0 1em 3em;\n\tposition: relative;\n}\n\n/* Markup */\n.language-markup .token.tag,\n.language-markup .token.attr-name,\n.language-markup .token.punctuation {\n\tcolor: hsl(33, 33%, 52%); /* #AC885B */\n}\n\n/* Make the tokens sit above the line highlight so the colours don't look faded. */\n.token {\n\tposition: relative;\n\tz-index: 1;\n}\n\n.line-highlight {\n\tbackground: hsla(0, 0%, 33%, 0.25); /* #545454 */\n\tbackground: linear-gradient(to right, hsla(0, 0%, 33%, .1) 70%, hsla(0, 0%, 33%, 0)); /* #545454 */\n\tborder-bottom: 1px dashed hsl(0, 0%, 33%); /* #545454 */\n\tborder-top: 1px dashed hsl(0, 0%, 33%); /* #545454 */\n\tleft: 0;\n\tline-height: inherit;\n\tmargin-top: 0.75em; /* Same as .prism’s padding-top */\n\tpadding: inherit 0;\n\tpointer-events: none;\n\tposition: absolute;\n\tright: 0;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tz-index: 0;\n}\n\n.line-highlight:before,\n.line-highlight[data-end]:after {\n\tbackground-color: hsl(215, 15%, 59%); /* #8794A6 */\n\tborder-radius: 999px;\n\tbox-shadow: 0 1px white;\n\tcolor: hsl(24, 20%, 95%); /* #F5F2F0 */\n\tcontent: attr(data-start);\n\tfont: bold 65%/1.5 sans-serif;\n\tleft: .6em;\n\tmin-width: 1em;\n\tpadding: 0 .5em;\n\tposition: absolute;\n\ttext-align: center;\n\ttext-shadow: none;\n\ttop: .4em;\n\tvertical-align: .3em;\n}\n\n.line-highlight[data-end]:after {\n\tbottom: .4em;\n\tcontent: attr(data-end);\n\ttop: auto;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism.css",
    "content": "/**\n * prism.js default theme for JavaScript, CSS and HTML\n * Based on dabblet (http://dabblet.com)\n * @author Lea Verou\n */\n\ncode[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tcolor: black;\n\tbackground: none;\n\ttext-shadow: 0 1px white;\n\tfont-family: Consolas, Monaco, 'Andale Mono', 'Ubuntu Mono', monospace;\n\tfont-size: 1em;\n\ttext-align: left;\n\twhite-space: pre;\n\tword-spacing: normal;\n\tword-break: normal;\n\tword-wrap: normal;\n\tline-height: 1.5;\n\n\t-moz-tab-size: 4;\n\t-o-tab-size: 4;\n\ttab-size: 4;\n\n\t-webkit-hyphens: none;\n\t-moz-hyphens: none;\n\t-ms-hyphens: none;\n\thyphens: none;\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"]::-moz-selection, pre[class*=\"language-\"] ::-moz-selection,\ncode[class*=\"language-\"]::-moz-selection, code[class*=\"language-\"] ::-moz-selection {\n\ttext-shadow: none;\n\tbackground: #b3d4fc;\n}\n\npre[class*=\"language-\"]::selection, pre[class*=\"language-\"] ::selection,\ncode[class*=\"language-\"]::selection, code[class*=\"language-\"] ::selection {\n\ttext-shadow: none;\n\tbackground: #b3d4fc;\n}\n\n@media print {\n\tcode[class*=\"language-\"],\n\tpre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\t\ttext-shadow: none;\n\t}\n}\n\n/* Code blocks */\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: 1em;\n\tmargin: .5em 0;\n\toverflow: auto;\n}\n\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"],\npre[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tbackground: #f5f2f0;\n}\n\n/* Inline code */\n:not(pre) > code[class*=\"language-\"] {\n\tpadding: .1em;\n\tborder-radius: .3em;\n\twhite-space: normal;\n}\n\n.token.comment,\n.token.prolog,\n.token.doctype,\n.token.cdata {\n\tcolor: slategray;\n}\n\n.token.punctuation {\n\tcolor: #999;\n}\n\n.token.namespace {\n\topacity: .7;\n}\n\n.token.property,\n.token.tag,\n.token.boolean,\n.token.number,\n.token.constant,\n.token.symbol,\n.token.deleted {\n\tcolor: #905;\n}\n\n.token.selector,\n.token.attr-name,\n.token.string,\n.token.char,\n.token.builtin,\n.token.inserted {\n\tcolor: #690;\n}\n\n.token.operator,\n.token.entity,\n.token.url,\n.language-css .token.string,\n.style .token.string {\n\tcolor: #9a6e3a;\n\tbackground: hsla(0, 0%, 100%, .5);\n}\n\n.token.atrule,\n.token.attr-value,\n.token.keyword {\n\tcolor: #07a;\n}\n\n.token.function,\n.token.class-name {\n\tcolor: #DD4A68;\n}\n\n.token.regex,\n.token.important,\n.token.variable {\n\tcolor: #e90;\n}\n\n.token.important,\n.token.bold {\n\tfont-weight: bold;\n}\n.token.italic {\n\tfont-style: italic;\n}\n\n.token.entity {\n\tcursor: help;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search-engine.js",
    "content": "require([\n    'gitbook',\n    'jquery'\n], function(gitbook, $) {\n    // Global search objects\n    var engine      = null;\n    var initialized = false;\n\n    // Set a new search engine\n    function setEngine(Engine, config) {\n        initialized = false;\n        engine      = new Engine(config);\n\n        init(config);\n    }\n\n    // Initialize search engine with config\n    function init(config) {\n        if (!engine) throw new Error('No engine set for research. Set an engine using gitbook.research.setEngine(Engine).');\n\n        return engine.init(config)\n        .then(function() {\n            initialized = true;\n            gitbook.events.trigger('search.ready');\n        });\n    }\n\n    // Launch search for query q\n    function query(q, offset, length) {\n        if (!initialized) throw new Error('Search has not been initialized');\n        return engine.search(q, offset, length);\n    }\n\n    // Get stats about search\n    function getEngine() {\n        return engine? engine.name : null;\n    }\n\n    function isInitialized() {\n        return initialized;\n    }\n\n    // Initialize gitbook.search\n    gitbook.search = {\n        setEngine:     setEngine,\n        getEngine:     getEngine,\n        query:         query,\n        isInitialized: isInitialized\n    };\n});"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search.css",
    "content": "/*\n    This CSS only styled the search results section, not the search input\n    It defines the basic interraction to hide content when displaying results, etc\n*/\n#book-search-results .search-results {\n  display: none;\n}\n#book-search-results .search-results ul.search-results-list {\n  list-style-type: none;\n  padding-left: 0;\n}\n#book-search-results .search-results ul.search-results-list li {\n  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;\n  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;\n  /* Highlight results */\n}\n#book-search-results .search-results ul.search-results-list li p em {\n  background-color: rgba(255, 220, 0, 0.4);\n  font-style: normal;\n}\n#book-search-results .search-results .no-results {\n  display: none;\n}\n#book-search-results.open .search-results {\n  display: block;\n}\n#book-search-results.open .search-noresults {\n  display: none;\n}\n#book-search-results.no-results .search-results .has-results {\n  display: none;\n}\n#book-search-results.no-results .search-results .no-results {\n  display: block;\n}\n"
  },
  {
    "path": "gitbook/gitbook-plugin-search/search.js",
    "content": "require([\n    'gitbook',\n    'jquery'\n], function(gitbook, $) {\n    var MAX_RESULTS = 15;\n    var MAX_DESCRIPTION_SIZE = 500;\n\n    var usePushState = (typeof history.pushState !== 'undefined');\n\n    // DOM Elements\n    var $body = $('body');\n    var $bookSearchResults;\n    var $searchInput;\n    var $searchList;\n    var $searchTitle;\n    var $searchResultsCount;\n    var $searchQuery;\n\n    // Throttle search\n    function throttle(fn, wait) {\n        var timeout;\n\n        return function() {\n            var ctx = this, args = arguments;\n            if (!timeout) {\n                timeout = setTimeout(function() {\n                    timeout = null;\n                    fn.apply(ctx, args);\n                }, wait);\n            }\n        };\n    }\n\n    function displayResults(res) {\n        $bookSearchResults.addClass('open');\n\n        var noResults = res.count == 0;\n        $bookSearchResults.toggleClass('no-results', noResults);\n\n        // Clear old results\n        $searchList.empty();\n\n        // Display title for research\n        $searchResultsCount.text(res.count);\n        $searchQuery.text(res.query);\n\n        // Create an <li> element for each result\n        res.results.forEach(function(res) {\n            var $li = $('<li>', {\n                'class': 'search-results-item'\n            });\n\n            var $title = $('<h3>');\n\n            var $link = $('<a>', {\n                'href': gitbook.state.basePath + '/' + res.url,\n                'text': res.title\n            });\n\n            var content = res.body.trim();\n            if (content.length > MAX_DESCRIPTION_SIZE) {\n                content = content.slice(0, MAX_DESCRIPTION_SIZE).trim()+'...';\n            }\n            var $content = $('<p>').html(content);\n\n            $link.appendTo($title);\n            $title.appendTo($li);\n            $content.appendTo($li);\n            $li.appendTo($searchList);\n        });\n    }\n\n    function launchSearch(q) {\n        // Add class for loading\n        $body.addClass('with-search');\n        $body.addClass('search-loading');\n\n        // Launch search query\n        throttle(gitbook.search.query(q, 0, MAX_RESULTS)\n        .then(function(results) {\n            displayResults(results);\n        })\n        .always(function() {\n            $body.removeClass('search-loading');\n        }), 1000);\n    }\n\n    function closeSearch() {\n        $body.removeClass('with-search');\n        $bookSearchResults.removeClass('open');\n    }\n\n    function launchSearchFromQueryString() {\n        var q = getParameterByName('q');\n        if (q && q.length > 0) {\n            // Update search input\n            $searchInput.val(q);\n\n            // Launch search\n            launchSearch(q);\n        }\n    }\n\n    function bindSearch() {\n        // Bind DOM\n        $searchInput        = $('#book-search-input input');\n        $bookSearchResults  = $('#book-search-results');\n        $searchList         = $bookSearchResults.find('.search-results-list');\n        $searchTitle        = $bookSearchResults.find('.search-results-title');\n        $searchResultsCount = $searchTitle.find('.search-results-count');\n        $searchQuery        = $searchTitle.find('.search-query');\n\n        // Launch query based on input content\n        function handleUpdate() {\n            var q = $searchInput.val();\n\n            if (q.length == 0) {\n                closeSearch();\n            }\n            else {\n                launchSearch(q);\n            }\n        }\n\n        // Detect true content change in search input\n        // Workaround for IE < 9\n        var propertyChangeUnbound = false;\n        $searchInput.on('propertychange', function(e) {\n            if (e.originalEvent.propertyName == 'value') {\n                handleUpdate();\n            }\n        });\n\n        // HTML5 (IE9 & others)\n        $searchInput.on('input', function(e) {\n            // Unbind propertychange event for IE9+\n            if (!propertyChangeUnbound) {\n                $(this).unbind('propertychange');\n                propertyChangeUnbound = true;\n            }\n\n            handleUpdate();\n        });\n\n        // Push to history on blur\n        $searchInput.on('blur', function(e) {\n            // Update history state\n            if (usePushState) {\n                var uri = updateQueryString('q', $(this).val());\n                history.pushState({ path: uri }, null, uri);\n            }\n        });\n    }\n\n    gitbook.events.on('page.change', function() {\n        bindSearch();\n        closeSearch();\n\n        // Launch search based on query parameter\n        if (gitbook.search.isInitialized()) {\n            launchSearchFromQueryString();\n        }\n    });\n\n    gitbook.events.on('search.ready', function() {\n        bindSearch();\n\n        // Launch search from query param at start\n        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    "content": "# Learn GraphQL | Flashcards for Developers\n\nLearn GraphQL - At its simplest, GraphQL is about asking for specific fields on objects. A GraphQL service is created by defining types and fields on those types, then providing functions for each field on each type. GraphQL is a query language for your API, and a server-side runtime for executing queries by using a type system you define for your data.\n\n\n\n### Decks\n\n- [Introduction](introduction.md)\n"
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    "content": "\n<!DOCTYPE HTML>\n<html lang=\"\" >\n    <head>\n        <title>GraphQL · Flashcards for Developers | flashcards.github.io</title>\n        <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n        <meta http-equiv=\"X-UA-Compatible\" content=\"IE=edge\" />\n        <meta content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" http-equiv=\"Content-Type\">\n        <meta name=\"description\" content=\"\">\n        <meta name=\"generator\" content=\"GitBook 3.1.1\">\n        \n        \n        \n    \n    <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/style.css\">\n\n    \n            \n                \n                <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-advanced-emoji/emoji-website.css\">\n                \n            \n                \n                <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-prism/prism.css\">\n                \n            \n                \n                <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"../gitbook/gitbook-plugin-highlight/website.css\">\n               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\n\n\n<ul class=\"summary\">\n    \n    \n\n    \n\n    \n        \n        \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"1.1\" data-path=\"../\">\n            \n                <a href=\"../\">\n            \n                    \n                    Introduction\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n        </li>\n    \n\n    \n        \n        <li class=\"header\">flashcards.github.io</li>\n        \n        \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"2.1\" data-path=\"../command_line/\">\n            \n                <a href=\"../command_line/\">\n            \n                    \n                    Command Line\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n            <ul class=\"articles\">\n                \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"2.1.1\" data-path=\"../command_line/introduction.html\">\n            \n                <a href=\"../command_line/introduction.html\">\n            \n                    \n                    Introduction Flashcards\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n        </li>\n    \n\n            </ul>\n            \n        </li>\n    \n        <li class=\"chapter active\" data-level=\"2.2\" data-path=\"./\">\n            \n                <a href=\"./\">\n            \n                    \n                    GraphQL\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n            <ul class=\"articles\">\n                \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"2.2.1\" data-path=\"introduction.html\">\n            \n                <a href=\"introduction.html\">\n            \n                    \n                    Introduction Flashcards\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n        </li>\n    \n\n            </ul>\n            \n        </li>\n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"2.3\" data-path=\"../sql/\">\n            \n                <a 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A GraphQL service is created by defining types and fields on those types, then providing functions for each field on each type. GraphQL is a query language for your API, and a server-side runtime for executing queries by using a type system you define for your data.</p>\n<h3 id=\"decks\">Decks</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"introduction.html\">Introduction</a></li>\n</ul>\n\n                                \n                                </section>\n                            \n    </div>\n    <div class=\"search-results\">\n        <div class=\"has-results\">\n            \n            <h1 class=\"search-results-title\"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching \"<span class='search-query'></span>\"</h1>\n            <ul class=\"search-results-list\"></ul>\n            \n        </div>\n        <div class=\"no-results\">\n            \n            <h1 class=\"search-results-title\">No results matching \"<span class='search-query'></span>\"</h1>\n            \n        </div>\n    </div>\n</div>\n\n                        </div>\n                    </div>\n                \n            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specific fields on objects. A GraphQL service is created by defining types and fields on those types, then providing functions for each field on each type. GraphQL is a query language for your API, and a server-side runtime for executing queries by using a type system you define for your data.</p>\n<h3 id=\"schema-definition-language\">Schema Definition Language</h3>\n<p>The syntax for writing schemas is called Schema Definition Language (SDL). GraphQL has its own type system that&#x2019;s used to define the <em>schema</em> of an API.</p>\n<h3 id=\"mutation\">mutation</h3>\n<p>An operation for creating, modifying and destroying data. When creating one a mutation, you start with the keyword mutation with  the same syntactical structure as queries. Like queries, we&#x2019;re also able to specify a payload for a mutation in which we can ask for different returned properties.  <em>Tip: for CRUD mutations to work, you need to provide an ID on the given type.</em></p>\n<h3 id=\"schema\">Schema</h3>\n<p>A schema is a collection of GraphQL types with special root types. It specifies the capabilities of the API and defines how clients can request the data. It is often seen as a <em>contract</em> between the server and client.</p>\n<h3 id=\"root-types\">Root types</h3>\n<p>Root types define the entry points for an API. The three root types are Query, Mutation and Subscription.</p>\n<h3 id=\"types\">types</h3>\n<p>GraphQL types have unique <em>IDs</em> that are generated by the server when new objects are created. The <code>!</code>following a type means that the field is <em>required</em>.</p>\n<h3 id=\"field\">field</h3>\n<p>A unit of data you are asking for in a Schema, which ends up as a field in your JSON response data. Each field can have zero or more arguments if that&#x2019;s specified in the schema. <em>Tip: you must add nested subfields until all fields return scalars.</em></p>\n<pre class=\"language-\"><code>type Person {\n  name: String!\n  age: Int!\n}\n</code></pre><p>The <code>Person</code> type has two <em>fields</em>, they&#x2019;re called <code>name</code> and <code>age</code> and are respectively of type <code>String</code> and <code>Int</code>. The <code>!</code>following the type means that this field is <em>required</em>.</p>\n<h3 id=\"argument\">argument</h3>\n<p>An argument is a set of key-value pairs attached to a specific field. Arguments can be literal values or variables. Some fields require an argument. Mutations require an input object as an argument.</p>\n<pre class=\"language-\"><code>{\n  human(id: &quot;200&quot;) {\n    weight(unit: &quot;pounds&quot;)\n    height\n  }\n}\n</code></pre><p><code>id</code> is an argument to human in the query above.</p>\n<h3 id=\"single-endpoint\">single endpoint</h3>\n<p>GraphQL APIs typically only expose <em>a</em> single endpoint. This works because the structure of the data that&#x2019;s returned is not fixed. Instead, it&#x2019;s completely flexible and lets the client decide what data is actually needed.</p>\n<h3 id=\"query\">query</h3>\n<p>Every GraphQL service has a <code>query</code> type and may or may not have a <code>mutation</code> type. These types are a read-only fetch operation to request data from a GraphQL service. They are the same as a regular object type, but they are special because they define the <em>entry point</em> of every GraphQL query.</p>\n<h3 id=\"root-field\">root field</h3>\n<p>At the top level of every GraphQL server is a type that represents all of the possible entry points into the GraphQL API, it&apos;s often called the <em>Root</em> type or the <em>Query</em> type.</p>\n<pre class=\"language-\"><code>{\n  allPersons {\n    name\n  }\n}\n</code></pre><p>The <code>allPersons</code> field in this query is called the <em>root field</em> of the query. Everything that follows the root field, is called the <em>payload</em> of the query.</p>\n<h3 id=\"subscription\">subscription</h3>\n<p>A real-time GraphQL operation. A Subscription is defined in a schema along with queries and mutations. When a client <em>subscribes</em> to an event, it will initiate and hold a steady connection to the server. Whenever that particular event then actually happens, the server pushes the corresponding data to the client.</p>\n<pre class=\"language-\"><code>subscription {\n  newPerson {\n    name\n    age\n  }\n}\n</code></pre><h3 id=\"node\">Node</h3>\n<p>Node is a generic term for an object. You can look up a node directly, or you can access related nodes via a connection. If you specify a node that does not return a scalar, you must include subfields until all fields return scalars.</p>\n<h3 id=\"edge\">Edge</h3>\n<p>Edges represent connections between nodes. When you query a connection, you traverse its edges to get to its nodes. Every <code>edges</code> field has a <code>node</code> field and a <code>cursor</code> field.</p>\n<h3 id=\"connection\">Connection</h3>\n<p>Connections let you query related objects as part of the same call. With connections, you can use a single GraphQL call where you would have to use multiple calls to a REST API.</p>\n<h3 id=\"entry-points\">entry points</h3>\n<p>The <code>Query</code>, <code>Mutation</code>, and <code>Subscription</code> types are the <em>entry points</em> for the requests sent by the client.</p>\n<h3 id=\"graphiql\">GraphiQL</h3>\n<p>An in-browser IDE for GraphQL development.</p>\n<h2 id=\"references\">References:</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.apollographql.com/docs/resources/graphql-glossary/\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.apollographql.com/docs/resources/graphql-glossary/</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://developer.github.com/v4/guides/intro-to-graphql/\" target=\"_blank\">https://developer.github.com/v4/guides/intro-to-graphql/</a></li>\n</ul>\n\n                                \n                                </section>\n                            \n    </div>\n    <div class=\"search-results\">\n        <div class=\"has-results\">\n            \n         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    "content": "# Introduction | GraphQL Flashcards\n\n<iframe class=\"FlashcardsIO\" src=\"https://embed.flashcards.io/?url=https://flashcards.github.io/graphql/introduction.html\" frameborder=\"0\"></iframe>\n\n### GraphQL\nAt its simplest, GraphQL is about asking for specific fields on objects. A GraphQL service is created by defining types and fields on those types, then providing functions for each field on each type. GraphQL is a query language for your API, and a server-side runtime for executing queries by using a type system you define for your data.\n\n### Schema Definition Language\nThe syntax for writing schemas is called Schema Definition Language (SDL). GraphQL has its own type system that’s used to define the *schema* of an API.\n\n### mutation\nAn operation for creating, modifying and destroying data. When creating one a mutation, you start with the keyword mutation with  the same syntactical structure as queries. Like queries, we’re also able to specify a payload for a mutation in which we can ask for different returned properties.  *Tip: for CRUD mutations to work, you need to provide an ID on the given type.*\n\n### Schema\nA schema is a collection of GraphQL types with special root types. It specifies the capabilities of the API and defines how clients can request the data. It is often seen as a *contract* between the server and client.\n\n### Root types\nRoot types define the entry points for an API. The three root types are Query, Mutation and Subscription.\n\n### types\nGraphQL types have unique *IDs* that are generated by the server when new objects are created. The `!`following a type means that the field is *required*.\n\n### field\nA unit of data you are asking for in a Schema, which ends up as a field in your JSON response data. Each field can have zero or more arguments if that’s specified in the schema. *Tip: you must add nested subfields until all fields return scalars.*\n\n\n    type Person {\n      name: String!\n      age: Int!\n    }\n\nThe `Person` type has two *fields*, they’re called `name` and `age` and are respectively of type `String` and `Int`. The `!`following the type means that this field is *required*.\n\n### argument\nAn argument is a set of key-value pairs attached to a specific field. Arguments can be literal values or variables. Some fields require an argument. Mutations require an input object as an argument.\n\n\n    {\n      human(id: \"200\") {\n        weight(unit: \"pounds\")\n        height\n      }\n    }\n\n`id` is an argument to human in the query above.\n\n### single endpoint\nGraphQL APIs typically only expose *a* single endpoint. This works because the structure of the data that’s returned is not fixed. Instead, it’s completely flexible and lets the client decide what data is actually needed.\n\n### query\nEvery GraphQL service has a `query` type and may or may not have a `mutation` type. These types are a read-only fetch operation to request data from a GraphQL service. They are the same as a regular object type, but they are special because they define the *entry point* of every GraphQL query.\n\n### root field\nAt the top level of every GraphQL server is a type that represents all of the possible entry points into the GraphQL API, it's often called the *Root* type or the *Query* type.\n\n\n    {\n      allPersons {\n        name\n      }\n    }\n\nThe `allPersons` field in this query is called the *root field* of the query. Everything that follows the root field, is called the *payload* of the query.\n\n### subscription\nA real-time GraphQL operation. A Subscription is defined in a schema along with queries and mutations. When a client *subscribes* to an event, it will initiate and hold a steady connection to the server. Whenever that particular event then actually happens, the server pushes the corresponding data to the client.\n\n\n    subscription {\n      newPerson {\n        name\n        age\n      }\n    }\n\n### Node\nNode is a generic term for an object. You can look up a node directly, or you can access related nodes via a connection. If you specify a node that does not return a scalar, you must include subfields until all fields return scalars.\n\n### Edge\nEdges represent connections between nodes. When you query a connection, you traverse its edges to get to its nodes. Every `edges` field has a `node` field and a `cursor` field.\n\n### Connection\nConnections let you query related objects as part of the same call. With connections, you can use a single GraphQL call where you would have to use multiple calls to a REST API.\n\n### entry points\nThe `Query`, `Mutation`, and `Subscription` types are the *entry points* for the requests sent by the client.\n\n### GraphiQL\nAn in-browser IDE for GraphQL development.\n\n## References:\n- https://www.apollographql.com/docs/resources/graphql-glossary/\n- https://developer.github.com/v4/guides/intro-to-graphql/\n\n"
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 <li class=\"chapter active\" data-level=\"1.1\" data-path=\"./\">\n            \n                <a href=\"./\">\n            \n                    \n                    Introduction\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n        </li>\n    \n\n    \n        \n        <li class=\"header\">flashcards.github.io</li>\n        \n        \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"2.1\" data-path=\"command_line/\">\n            \n                <a href=\"command_line/\">\n            \n                    \n                    Command Line\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n            <ul class=\"articles\">\n                \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"2.1.1\" data-path=\"command_line/introduction.html\">\n            \n                <a href=\"command_line/introduction.html\">\n            \n                    \n                    Introduction Flashcards\n            \n                </a>\n   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    \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n            <ul class=\"articles\">\n                \n    \n        <li class=\"chapter \" data-level=\"2.3.1\" data-path=\"sql/introduction.html\">\n            \n                <a href=\"sql/introduction.html\">\n            \n                    \n                    Introduction Flashcards\n            \n                </a>\n            \n\n            \n        </li>\n    \n\n            </ul>\n            \n        </li>\n    \n\n    \n\n    <li class=\"divider\"></li>\n\n    <li>\n        <a href=\"https://www.gitbook.com\" target=\"blank\" class=\"gitbook-link\">\n            Published with GitBook\n        </a>\n    </li>\n</ul>\n\n\n                </nav>\n            \n        \n    </div>\n\n    <div class=\"book-body\">\n        \n            <div class=\"body-inner\">\n                \n                    \n\n<div class=\"book-header\" role=\"navigation\">\n    \n\n    <!-- Title -->\n    <h1>\n        <i class=\"fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin\"></i>\n        <a href=\".\" >Introduction</a>\n    </h1>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n                    <div class=\"page-wrapper\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"main\">\n                        <div class=\"page-inner\">\n                            \n<div id=\"book-search-results\">\n    <div class=\"search-noresults\">\n    \n                                <section class=\"normal markdown-section\">\n                                \n                                <h1 id=\"flashcards-for-developers--flashcardsgithubio\">Flashcards for Developers | flashcards.github.io</h1>\n<p>A community-based collection of developer flashcards to boost your professional skills.</p>\n<p><a href=\"https://flashcards.io\" target=\"_blank\"><img width=\"185\" src=\"https://flashcardsio.s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/assets/sponsored.png\"></a></p>\n<p><a href=\"https://www.digitalocean.com/?refcode=6f109bebd85a&amp;utm_campaign=Referral_Invite&amp;utm_medium=Referral_Program&amp;utm_source=badge\" target=\"_blank\"><img src=\"https://web-platforms.sfo2.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/WWW/Badge%201.svg\" alt=\"DigitalOcean Referral Badge\"></a></p>\n<h2 id=\"topics\">Topics</h2>\n<h3 id=\"algorithms\">Algorithms</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-recursion-d930f071-374e-444b-b8d1-f6229c2c3735/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Recursion</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-asymptotic-notation-955d9102-9539-4c54-a9ba-855b94dc9a17/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Asymptotic Notation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-bubble-sort-d5360ece-398e-41ba-9747-92907fee92e0/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Bubble Sort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-merge-sort-8c032673-eb72-45a9-9ec9-99db73aa5f8d/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Merge Sort</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscj-22-algorithms/modules/wdcp-22-quicksort-36491b24-c957-4536-9d1e-5651678a0d19/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Quicksort</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"aws-faqs\">AWS FAQs</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront/faqs/\" target=\"_blank\">CloudFront</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/dynamodb/faqs/\" target=\"_blank\">DynamoDB</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/faqs/\" target=\"_blank\">EC2</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/lambda/faqs/\" target=\"_blank\">Lambda</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/rds/faqs/\" target=\"_blank\">RDS</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/redshift/faqs/\" target=\"_blank\">Redshift</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/sagemaker/faqs/\" target=\"_blank\">SageMaker</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://aws.amazon.com/s3/faqs/\" target=\"_blank\">S3</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"bash-shortcuts\"><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/Bash_Shortcuts.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index\" target=\"_blank\">Bash Shortcuts</a></h3>\n<h3 id=\"command-line\">Command Line</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/seds-learn-the-command-line/modules/seds-learn-the-command-line-navigation/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Navigating the File System</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/seds-learn-the-command-line/modules/seds-learn-the-command-line-manipulation/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Viewing and Changing the File System</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/seds-learn-the-command-line/modules/seds-learn-the-command-line-redirection/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Redirecting Input and Output</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/seds-learn-the-command-line/modules/seds-learn-the-command-line-environment/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Configuring the Environment</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"css\">CSS</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/syntax-and-selectors/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Syntax and Selectors</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-selectors-visual-rules/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Visual Rules</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-box-model/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">The Box Model</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-display-positioning/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Display and Positioning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-colors/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Colors</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-css/modules/learn-css-typography/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Typography</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-css/modules/layout-with-flexbox/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Layout with Flexbox</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-css/modules/learn-css-grid/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Grid</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-css/modules/css-transitions/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">CSS - Transitions</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-css/modules/learn-responsive-design-module/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Learn Responsive Design</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"dockerfile\"><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/Dockerfile.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index\" target=\"_blank\">Dockerfile</a></h3>\n<h3 id=\"git\"><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/Git.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index\" target=\"_blank\">Git</a></h3>\n<h3 id=\"html\">HTML</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-html-elements/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Elements and Structure</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-html-tables/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Tables</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-html-forms/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Forms</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-html/modules/learn-semantic-html/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Semantic HTML</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"http-status-codes\"><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/HTTP_Status_Codes.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index\" target=\"_blank\">HTTP Status Codes</a></h3>\n<h3 id=\"nodejs\">Node.js</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-node-js/modules/intro-to-node-js/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Introduction to Node.js</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-node-js/modules/node-js-essentials/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Node.js Essentials</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-node-js/modules/setting-up-a-server-with-http/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Setting up a Server with HTTP</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"python\">Python</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-hello-world/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Basics</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-control-flow/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Control Flow</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/cspath-code-challenges/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Control Flows Extended</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-lists/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Lists</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-loops/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Loops</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-functions/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Functions</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-strings/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Strings</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-modules/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Modules</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-dictionaries/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Dictionaries</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-files/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Files</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-python-3/modules/learn-python3-classes/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Classes</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-intermediate-python-3/modules/int-python-function-arguments/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Function Arguments</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-python/modules/logging/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Logging</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-python/modules/functional-programming/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Functional Programming</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-python/modules/functional-programming/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Database Operations</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-python/modules/concurrent-programming/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Concurrent Programming</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"react\">React</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://legacy.reactjs.org/docs/glossary.html\" target=\"_blank\">React Terminology</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://redux.js.org/understanding/thinking-in-redux/glossary\" target=\"_blank\">Redux Terminology</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-introduction/modules/react-101-jsx-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">JSX</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-introduction/modules/learn-react-components/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">React Components</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-introduction/modules/react-components-interacting/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Components Interacting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/fscp-react-part-ii/modules/fecp-components-and-props/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Components and Props</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-state-management/modules/learn-react-stateless-inherit-stateful/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">React Programming Patterns</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-hooks/modules/learn-react-hooks/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Hooks</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-lifecycle-methods/modules/learn-react-lifecycle-methods/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Lifecycle Methods</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-react-additional-basics/modules/react-styles/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">React Styles</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-react/modules/advanced-react-custom-hooks/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Advanced React: Custom Hooks</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-advanced-react/modules/advanced-react-context/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Advanced React: Context</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"ruby\">Ruby</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-introduction-to-ruby-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Introduction to Ruby</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-control-flow-in-ruby-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Control Flow in Ruby</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-looping-with-ruby-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Looping with Ruby</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-arrays-and-hashes-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Arrays and Hashes</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-blocks-and-sorting-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Blocks and Sorting</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-hashes-and-symbols-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Hashes and Symbols</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-refactoring-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Refactoring</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-blocks-procs-and-lambdas-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Blocks, Procs, and Lambdas</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-object-oriented-programming-part-i-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Object-Oriented Programming, Part I</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-ruby/modules/learn-ruby-object-oriented-programming-part-ii-u/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Object-Oriented Programming, Part II</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h3 id=\"sql\">SQL</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-manipulation/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Manipulation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-queries/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Queries</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-aggregate-functions/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Aggregate Functions</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://www.codecademy.com/learn/learn-sql/modules/learn-sql-multiple-tables/cheatsheet\" target=\"_blank\">Multiple Tables</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/SQLite.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index\" target=\"_blank\">SQLite</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://flashcards.io/app/?url=https://kapeli.com/cheat_sheets/YAML.docset/Contents/Resources/Documents/index\" target=\"_blank\">YAML</a></li>\n</ul>\n<h2 id=\"contributing\">Contributing</h2>\n<p>The <a href=\"https://flashcards.github.io/\" target=\"_blank\">flashcards.github.io</a> community is possible thanks to kind volunteers like you. We welcome any and all contributions to the community and are excited to welcome you aboard.</p>\n<p>If you&apos;ve noticed a mistake or have a new deck, <a href=\"https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/issues/new\" target=\"_blank\">open a pull request</a> or start a <a href=\"https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/discussions/categories/new-topic-requests\" target=\"_blank\">discussion</a>!</p>\n<h3 id=\"steps-to-contributing-to-this-gitbook\">Steps to contributing to this GitBook:</h3>\n<ol>\n<li>Clone the <a href=\"https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io\" target=\"_blank\">repository here</a>.</li>\n<li>Install the <a href=\"https://github.com/GitbookIO/gitbook-cli\" target=\"_blank\">GitBook CLI</a>.</li>\n<li>Run <code>npm install</code> via the <a href=\"https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io?tab=readme-ov-file#command-line\" target=\"_blank\">command line</a>.</li>\n<li>Run <code>gitbook build</code> via the command line.</li>\n<li>Run <code>cp -R _book/* .</code> via the command line.</li>\n<li>Run <code>git clean -fx _book</code> via the command line.</li>\n<li>Commit your changes and <a href=\"https://github.com/flashcards/flashcards.github.io/issues/new\" target=\"_blank\">open a PR</a>.</li>\n</ol>\n<hr>\n<p>Created by <a href=\"https://zacharylawson.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Zachary Lawson</a></p>\n\n                                \n                                </section>\n                            \n    </div>\n    <div class=\"search-results\">\n        <div class=\"has-results\">\n            \n            <h1 class=\"search-results-title\"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching \"<span class='search-query'></span>\"</h1>\n            <ul class=\"search-results-list\"></ul>\n            \n        </div>\n        <div class=\"no-results\">\n            \n            <h1 class=\"search-results-title\">No results matching \"<span 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GraphQL is a query language for your API, and a server-side runtime for executing queries by using a type system you define for your data.\\nDecks\\n\\nIntroduction\\n\\n\"},\"graphql/introduction.html\":{\"url\":\"graphql/introduction.html\",\"title\":\"Introduction Flashcards\",\"body\":\"Introduction | GraphQL Flashcards\\n\\n\\nGraphQL\\nAt its simplest, GraphQL is about asking for specific fields on objects. A GraphQL service is created by defining types and fields on those types, then providing functions for each field on each type. GraphQL is a query language for your API, and a server-side runtime for executing queries by using a type system you define for your data.\\nSchema Definition Language\\nThe syntax for writing schemas is called Schema Definition Language (SDL). GraphQL has its own type system that&#x2019;s used to define the schema of an API.\\nmutation\\nAn operation for creating, modifying and destroying data. When creating one a mutation, you start with the keyword mutation with  the same syntactical structure as queries. Like queries, we&#x2019;re also able to specify a payload for a mutation in which we can ask for different returned properties.  Tip: for CRUD mutations to work, you need to provide an ID on the given type.\\nSchema\\nA schema is a collection of GraphQL types with special root types. It specifies the capabilities of the API and defines how clients can request the data. It is often seen as a contract between the server and client.\\nRoot types\\nRoot types define the entry points for an API. The three root types are Query, Mutation and Subscription.\\ntypes\\nGraphQL types have unique IDs that are generated by the server when new objects are created. The !following a type means that the field is required.\\nfield\\nA unit of data you are asking for in a Schema, which ends up as a field in your JSON response data. Each field can have zero or more arguments if that&#x2019;s specified in the schema. Tip: you must add nested subfields until all fields return scalars.\\ntype Person {\\n  name: String!\\n  age: Int!\\n}\\nThe Person type has two fields, they&#x2019;re called name and age and are respectively of type String and Int. The !following the type means that this field is required.\\nargument\\nAn argument is a set of key-value pairs attached to a specific field. Arguments can be literal values or variables. Some fields require an argument. Mutations require an input object as an argument.\\n{\\n  human(id: &quot;200&quot;) {\\n    weight(unit: &quot;pounds&quot;)\\n    height\\n  }\\n}\\nid is an argument to human in the query above.\\nsingle endpoint\\nGraphQL APIs typically only expose a single endpoint. This works because the structure of the data that&#x2019;s returned is not fixed. Instead, it&#x2019;s completely flexible and lets the client decide what data is actually needed.\\nquery\\nEvery GraphQL service has a query type and may or may not have a mutation type. These types are a read-only fetch operation to request data from a GraphQL service. They are the same as a regular object type, but they are special because they define the entry point of every GraphQL query.\\nroot field\\nAt the top level of every GraphQL server is a type that represents all of the possible entry points into the GraphQL API, it&apos;s often called the Root type or the Query type.\\n{\\n  allPersons {\\n    name\\n  }\\n}\\nThe allPersons field in this query is called the root field of the query. Everything that follows the root field, is called the payload of the query.\\nsubscription\\nA real-time GraphQL operation. A Subscription is defined in a schema along with queries and mutations. When a client subscribes to an event, it will initiate and hold a steady connection to the server. Whenever that particular event then actually happens, the server pushes the corresponding data to the client.\\nsubscription {\\n  newPerson {\\n    name\\n    age\\n  }\\n}\\nNode\\nNode is a generic term for an object. You can look up a node directly, or you can access related nodes via a connection. If you specify a node that does not return a scalar, you must include subfields until all fields return scalars.\\nEdge\\nEdges represent connections between nodes. When you query a connection, you traverse its edges to get to its nodes. Every edges field has a node field and a cursor field.\\nConnection\\nConnections let you query related objects as part of the same call. With connections, you can use a single GraphQL call where you would have to use multiple calls to a REST API.\\nentry points\\nThe Query, Mutation, and Subscription types are the entry points for the requests sent by the client.\\nGraphiQL\\nAn in-browser IDE for GraphQL development.\\nReferences:\\n\\nhttps://www.apollographql.com/docs/resources/graphql-glossary/\\nhttps://developer.github.com/v4/guides/intro-to-graphql/\\n\\n\"},\"sql/\":{\"url\":\"sql/\",\"title\":\"SQL\",\"body\":\"Learn SQL | Flashcards for Developers\\nLearn SQL - a language used to communicate with databases using SQL.\\nDecks\\n\\nIntroduction\\n\\n\"},\"sql/introduction.html\":{\"url\":\"sql/introduction.html\",\"title\":\"Introduction Flashcards\",\"body\":\"Introduction | SQL Flashcards\\n\\n\\nSQL\\nSQL, Structured Query Language, is a programming language designed to manage data stored in relational databases. SQL operates through simple, declarative statements. This keeps data accurate and secure, and it helps maintain the integrity of databases, regardless of size.\\nrow\\nA database row represents a single, implicitly structured data record in a table. In simple terms, a database table can be thought of as consisting of rows and columns.\\ncolumn\\nA database column is a set of data values of a particular simple type, one value for each row of the database. A column may contain text values, numbers, or even pointers to files in the operating system.\\nCREATE TABLE\\nCREATE TABLE creates a new table in the database. It allows you to specify the name of the table and the name of each column in the table.\\nALTER TABLE\\nALTER TABLE lets you add columns to a table in a database.\\nPRIMARY KEY\\nA primary key, sometimes labeled as the unique identifier, is a specific choice of a set of columns that uniquely identify a row in a relational table. Simply put, a primary key is the attributes which identify a record.\\nFOREIGN KEY\\nA FOREIGN KEY is a column (or set of columns) in one table that refers to the PRIMARY KEY in another table. It establishes a relationship between two tables and enforces referential integrity, meaning the value in the foreign key column must match an existing primary key value in the referenced table (or be NULL, if allowed).\\nINSERT\\nINSERT statements are used to add a new row to a table.\\nCASE\\nCASE statements are used to create different outputs (usually in the SELECT statement). It is SQL’s way of handling if-then logic.\\nDELETE\\nDELETE statements are used to remove rows from a table.\\nINNER JOIN\\nAn INNER JOIN will combine rows from different tables if the join condition is true.\\nOUTER JOIN\\nAn outer join will combine rows from different tables even if the join condition is not met. Every row in the left table is returned in the result set, and if the join condition is not met, then NULL values are used to fill in the columns from the right table.\\nUNION / UNION ALL\\nThe UNION operator is used to combine the result-set of two or more SELECT statements. UNION removes duplicate rows between the various SELECT statements, while UNION ALL includes all rows, including duplicates. Each SELECT statement within UNION must have the same number of columns with similar data types and in the same order.\\nUPDATE\\nUPDATE statements allow you to edit rows in a table.\\nWITH\\nWITH clause lets you store the result of a query in a temporary table using an alias. You can also define multiple temporary tables using a comma and with one instance of the WITH keyword.\\nThe WITH clause is also known as common table expression (CTE) and subquery factoring.\\nAS\\nColumns or tables in SQL can be aliased using the AS clause. This allows columns or tables to be specifically renamed in the returned result set.\\nSELECT\\nThe SELECT * statement returns all columns from the provided table in the result set.\\nDISTINCT\\nUnique values of a column can be selected using a DISTINCT query.\\nSELECT DISTINCT\\nSELECT DISTINCT specifies that the statement is going to be a query that returns unique values in the specified column(s).\\nWHERE\\nThe WHERE clause is used to filter records (rows) that match a certain condition.\\nLIKE\\nThe LIKE operator can be used inside of a WHERE clause to match a specified pattern.\\n_\\nThe _ wildcard can be used in a LIKE operator pattern to match any single unspecified character.\\n%\\nThe % wildcard can be used in a LIKE operator pattern to match zero or more unspecified character(s).\\nBETWEEN\\nThe BETWEEN operator can be used to filter by a range of values. The range of values can be text, numbers or date data.\\nAND\\nThe AND operator allows multiple conditions to be combined. Records must match both conditions that are joined by AND to be included in the result set.\\nOR\\nThe OR operator allows multiple conditions to be combined. Records matching either condition joined by the OR are included in the result set.\\nIS NULL / IS NOT NULL\\nIS NULL and IS NOT NULL are operators used with the WHERE clause to test for empty values.\\nORDER BY\\nThe ORDER BY clause can be used to sort the result set by a particular column either alphabetically or numerically. It can be ordered in ascending (default) or descending order with ASC/DESC.\\nLIMIT\\nThe LIMIT clause is used to narrow, or limit, a result set to the specified number of rows.\\nNULL\\nColumn values in SQL records can be NULL, or have no value. These records can be matched (or not matched) using the IS NULL and IS NOT NULL operators in combination with the WHERE clause.\\nAggregate Functions\\nAggregate functions perform a calculation on a set of values and return a single value:\\nCOUNT()\\nThe COUNT() aggregate function in SQL returns the total number of rows that match the specified criteria.\\nSUM()\\nThe SUM() aggregate function takes the name of a column as an argument and returns the sum of all the value in that column.\\nMAX()\\nThe MAX() aggregate function in SQL takes the name of a column as an argument and returns the largest value in a column.\\nMIN()\\nThe MIN() aggregate function in SQL returns the smallest value in a column.\\nAVG()\\nThe AVG() aggregate function returns the average value in a column.\\nGROUP BY\\nThe GROUP BY clause will group records in a result set by identical values in one or more columns. It is often used in combination with aggregate functions to query information of similar records. The GROUP BY clause can come after FROM or WHERE but must come before any ORDER BY or LIMIT clause.\\nHAVING\\nThe HAVING clause is used to further filter the result set groups provided by the GROUP BY clause. HAVING is often used with aggregate functions to filter the result set groups based on an aggregate property.\\nROUND()\\nThe ROUND() function will round a number value to a specified number of places. It takes two arguments: a number, and a number of decimal places. It can be combined with other aggregate functions\\nColumn References\\nThe GROUP BY and ORDER BY clauses can reference the selected columns by number in which they appear in the SELECT statement.\\nReferences:\\n\\nhttps://www.codecademy.com/articles/sql-commands\\n\\n\"}}}"
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\n\n<div class=\"book-header\" role=\"navigation\">\n    \n\n    <!-- Title -->\n    <h1>\n        <i class=\"fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin\"></i>\n        <a href=\"..\" >Introduction Flashcards</a>\n    </h1>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n                    <div class=\"page-wrapper\" tabindex=\"-1\" role=\"main\">\n                        <div class=\"page-inner\">\n                            \n<div id=\"book-search-results\">\n    <div class=\"search-noresults\">\n    \n                                <section class=\"normal markdown-section\">\n                                \n                                <h1 id=\"introduction--sql-flashcards\">Introduction | SQL Flashcards</h1>\n<iframe class=\"FlashcardsIO\" src=\"https://embed.flashcards.io/?url=https://flashcards.github.io/sql/introduction.html\" frameborder=\"0\"></iframe>\n\n<h3 id=\"sql\">SQL</h3>\n<p>SQL, <strong>S</strong>tructured <strong>Q</strong>uery <strong>L</strong>anguage, is a programming language designed to manage data stored in relational databases. SQL operates through simple, declarative statements. This keeps data accurate and secure, and it helps maintain the integrity of databases, regardless of size.</p>\n<h3 id=\"row\">row</h3>\n<p>A database row represents a single, implicitly structured data record in a table. In simple terms, a database table can be thought of as consisting of rows and columns.</p>\n<h3 id=\"column\">column</h3>\n<p>A database column is a set of data values of a particular simple type, one value for each row of the database. A column may contain text values, numbers, or even pointers to files in the operating system.</p>\n<h3 id=\"create-table\">CREATE TABLE</h3>\n<p><code>CREATE TABLE</code> creates a new table in the database. It allows you to specify the name of the table and the name of each column in the table.</p>\n<h3 id=\"alter-table\">ALTER TABLE</h3>\n<p><code>ALTER TABLE</code> lets you add columns to a table in a database.</p>\n<h3 id=\"primary-key\">PRIMARY KEY</h3>\n<p>A primary key, sometimes labeled as the unique identifier, is a specific choice of a set of columns that uniquely identify a row in a relational table. Simply put, a primary key is the attributes which identify a record.</p>\n<h3 id=\"foreign-key\">FOREIGN KEY</h3>\n<p>A FOREIGN KEY is a column (or set of columns) in one table that refers to the PRIMARY KEY in another table. It establishes a relationship between two tables and enforces referential integrity, meaning the value in the foreign key column must match an existing primary key value in the referenced table (or be NULL, if allowed).</p>\n<h3 id=\"insert\">INSERT</h3>\n<p><code>INSERT</code> statements are used to add a new row to a table.</p>\n<h3 id=\"case\">CASE</h3>\n<p><code>CASE</code> statements are used to create different outputs (usually in the <code>SELECT</code> statement). It is SQL&#x2019;s way of handling if-then logic.</p>\n<h3 id=\"delete\">DELETE</h3>\n<p><code>DELETE</code> statements are used to remove rows from a table.</p>\n<h3 id=\"inner-join\">INNER JOIN</h3>\n<p>An INNER JOIN will combine rows from different tables if the <em>join condition</em> is true.</p>\n<h3 id=\"outer-join\">OUTER JOIN</h3>\n<p>An outer join will combine rows from different tables even if the join condition is not met. Every row in the <em>left</em> table is returned in the result set, and if the join condition is not met, then <code>NULL</code> values are used to fill in the columns from the <em>right</em> table.</p>\n<h3 id=\"union--union-all\">UNION / UNION ALL</h3>\n<p>The <code>UNION</code> operator is used to combine the result-set of two or more <code>SELECT</code> statements. <code>UNION</code> removes duplicate rows between the various <code>SELECT</code> statements, while <code>UNION ALL</code> includes all rows, including duplicates. Each <code>SELECT</code> statement within <code>UNION</code> must have the same number of columns with similar data types and in the same order.</p>\n<h3 id=\"update\">UPDATE</h3>\n<p><code>UPDATE</code> statements allow you to edit rows in a table.</p>\n<h3 id=\"with\">WITH</h3>\n<p><code>WITH</code> clause lets you store the result of a query in a temporary table using an alias. You can also define multiple temporary tables using a comma and with one instance of the <code>WITH</code> keyword.\nThe <code>WITH</code> clause is also known as common table expression (CTE) and subquery factoring.</p>\n<h3 id=\"as\">AS</h3>\n<p>Columns or tables in SQL can be <em>aliased</em> using the <code>AS</code> clause. This allows columns or tables to be specifically renamed in the returned result set.</p>\n<h3 id=\"select\">SELECT</h3>\n<p>The <code>SELECT *</code> statement returns all columns from the provided table in the result set.</p>\n<h3 id=\"distinct\">DISTINCT</h3>\n<p>Unique values of a column can be selected using a <code>DISTINCT</code> query.</p>\n<h3 id=\"select-distinct\">SELECT DISTINCT</h3>\n<p><code>SELECT DISTINCT</code> specifies that the statement is going to be a query that returns unique values in the specified column(s).</p>\n<h3 id=\"where\">WHERE</h3>\n<p>The <code>WHERE</code> clause is used to filter records (rows) that match a certain condition.</p>\n<h3 id=\"like\">LIKE</h3>\n<p>The <code>LIKE</code> operator can be used inside of a <code>WHERE</code> clause to match a specified pattern.</p>\n<h3 id=\"\">_</h3>\n<p>The <code>_</code> wildcard can be used in a <code>LIKE</code> operator pattern to match any single unspecified character.</p>\n<h3 id=\"\">%</h3>\n<p>The <code>%</code> wildcard can be used in a <code>LIKE</code> operator pattern to match zero or more unspecified character(s).</p>\n<h3 id=\"between\">BETWEEN</h3>\n<p>The <code>BETWEEN</code> operator can be used to filter by a <em>range</em> of values. The range of values can be text, numbers or date data.</p>\n<h3 id=\"and\">AND</h3>\n<p>The <code>AND</code> operator allows multiple conditions to be combined. Records must match both conditions that are joined by <code>AND</code> to be included in the result set.</p>\n<h3 id=\"or\">OR</h3>\n<p>The <code>OR</code> operator allows multiple conditions to be combined. Records matching either condition joined by the <code>OR</code> are included in the result set.</p>\n<h3 id=\"is-null--is-not-null\">IS NULL / IS NOT NULL</h3>\n<p><code>IS NULL</code> and <code>IS NOT NULL</code> are operators used with the <code>WHERE</code> clause to test for empty values.</p>\n<h3 id=\"order-by\">ORDER BY</h3>\n<p>The <code>ORDER BY</code> clause can be used to sort the result set by a particular column either alphabetically or numerically. It can be ordered in ascending (default) or descending order with <code>ASC</code>/<code>DESC</code>.</p>\n<h3 id=\"limit\">LIMIT</h3>\n<p>The <code>LIMIT</code> clause is used to narrow, or <em>limit</em>, a result set to the specified number of rows.</p>\n<h3 id=\"null\">NULL</h3>\n<p>Column values in SQL records can be <code>NULL</code>, or have no value. These records can be matched (or not matched) using the <code>IS NULL</code> and <code>IS NOT NULL</code> operators in combination with the <code>WHERE</code> clause.</p>\n<h3 id=\"aggregate-functions\">Aggregate Functions</h3>\n<p>Aggregate functions perform a calculation on a set of values and return a single value:</p>\n<h3 id=\"count\">COUNT()</h3>\n<p>The <code>COUNT()</code> aggregate function in SQL returns the total number of rows that match the specified criteria.</p>\n<h3 id=\"sum\">SUM()</h3>\n<p>The <code>SUM()</code> aggregate function takes the name of a column as an argument and returns the sum of all the value in that column.</p>\n<h3 id=\"max\">MAX()</h3>\n<p>The <code>MAX()</code> aggregate function in SQL takes the name of a column as an argument and returns the largest value in a column.</p>\n<h3 id=\"min\">MIN()</h3>\n<p>The <code>MIN()</code> aggregate function in SQL returns the smallest value in a column.</p>\n<h3 id=\"avg\">AVG()</h3>\n<p>The <code>AVG()</code> aggregate function returns the average value in a column.</p>\n<h3 id=\"group-by\">GROUP BY</h3>\n<p>The <code>GROUP BY</code> clause will group records in a result set by identical values in one or more columns. It is often used in combination with aggregate functions to query information of similar records. The <code>GROUP BY</code> clause can come after <code>FROM</code> or <code>WHERE</code> but must come before any <code>ORDER BY</code> or <code>LIMIT</code> clause.</p>\n<h3 id=\"having\">HAVING</h3>\n<p>The <code>HAVING</code> clause is used to further filter the result set groups provided by the <code>GROUP BY</code> clause. <code>HAVING</code> is often used with aggregate functions to filter the result set groups based on an aggregate property.</p>\n<h3 id=\"round\">ROUND()</h3>\n<p>The <code>ROUND()</code> function will round a number value to a specified number of places. It takes two arguments: a number, and a number of decimal places. It can be combined with other aggregate functions</p>\n<h3 id=\"column-references\">Column References</h3>\n<p>The <code>GROUP BY</code> and <code>ORDER BY</code> clauses can reference the selected columns by number in which they appear in the <code>SELECT</code> statement.</p>\n<h2 id=\"references\">References:</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.codecademy.com/articles/sql-commands\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.codecademy.com/articles/sql-commands</a></li>\n</ul>\n\n                                \n                                </section>\n                            \n    </div>\n    <div class=\"search-results\">\n        <div class=\"has-results\">\n            \n            <h1 class=\"search-results-title\"><span class='search-results-count'></span> results matching \"<span class='search-query'></span>\"</h1>\n            <ul class=\"search-results-list\"></ul>\n            \n        </div>\n        <div class=\"no-results\">\n            \n            <h1 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    "content": "# Introduction | SQL Flashcards\n\n<iframe class=\"FlashcardsIO\" src=\"https://embed.flashcards.io/?url=https://flashcards.github.io/sql/introduction.html\" frameborder=\"0\"></iframe>\n\n### SQL\nSQL, **S**tructured **Q**uery **L**anguage, is a programming language designed to manage data stored in relational databases. SQL operates through simple, declarative statements. This keeps data accurate and secure, and it helps maintain the integrity of databases, regardless of size.\n\n### row\nA database row represents a single, implicitly structured data record in a table. In simple terms, a database table can be thought of as consisting of rows and columns.\n\n### column\nA database column is a set of data values of a particular simple type, one value for each row of the database. A column may contain text values, numbers, or even pointers to files in the operating system.\n\n### CREATE TABLE\n`CREATE TABLE` creates a new table in the database. It allows you to specify the name of the table and the name of each column in the table.\n\n### ALTER TABLE\n`ALTER TABLE` lets you add columns to a table in a database.\n\n### PRIMARY KEY\nA primary key, sometimes labeled as the unique identifier, is a specific choice of a set of columns that uniquely identify a row in a relational table. Simply put, a primary key is the attributes which identify a record.\n\n### FOREIGN KEY\nA FOREIGN KEY is a column (or set of columns) in one table that refers to the PRIMARY KEY in another table. It establishes a relationship between two tables and enforces referential integrity, meaning the value in the foreign key column must match an existing primary key value in the referenced table (or be NULL, if allowed).\n\n### INSERT\n`INSERT` statements are used to add a new row to a table.\n\n### CASE\n`CASE` statements are used to create different outputs (usually in the `SELECT` statement). It is SQL’s way of handling if-then logic.\n\n### DELETE\n`DELETE` statements are used to remove rows from a table.\n\n### INNER JOIN\nAn INNER JOIN will combine rows from different tables if the *join condition* is true.\n\n### OUTER JOIN\nAn outer join will combine rows from different tables even if the join condition is not met. Every row in the *left* table is returned in the result set, and if the join condition is not met, then `NULL` values are used to fill in the columns from the *right* table.\n\n### UNION / UNION ALL\nThe `UNION` operator is used to combine the result-set of two or more `SELECT` statements. `UNION` removes duplicate rows between the various `SELECT` statements, while `UNION ALL` includes all rows, including duplicates. Each `SELECT` statement within `UNION` must have the same number of columns with similar data types and in the same order.\n\n### UPDATE\n`UPDATE` statements allow you to edit rows in a table.\n\n### WITH\n`WITH` clause lets you store the result of a query in a temporary table using an alias. You can also define multiple temporary tables using a comma and with one instance of the `WITH` keyword.\nThe `WITH` clause is also known as common table expression (CTE) and subquery factoring.\n\n### AS\nColumns or tables in SQL can be *aliased* using the `AS` clause. This allows columns or tables to be specifically renamed in the returned result set.\n\n### SELECT\nThe `SELECT *` statement returns all columns from the provided table in the result set.\n\n### DISTINCT\nUnique values of a column can be selected using a `DISTINCT` query.\n\n### SELECT DISTINCT\n`SELECT DISTINCT` specifies that the statement is going to be a query that returns unique values in the specified column(s).\n\n### WHERE\nThe `WHERE` clause is used to filter records (rows) that match a certain condition.\n\n### LIKE\nThe `LIKE` operator can be used inside of a `WHERE` clause to match a specified pattern.\n\n### _\nThe `_` wildcard can be used in a `LIKE` operator pattern to match any single unspecified character.\n\n### %\nThe `%` wildcard can be used in a `LIKE` operator pattern to match zero or more unspecified character(s).\n\n### BETWEEN\nThe `BETWEEN` operator can be used to filter by a *range* of values. The range of values can be text, numbers or date data.\n\n### AND\nThe `AND` operator allows multiple conditions to be combined. Records must match both conditions that are joined by `AND` to be included in the result set.\n\n### OR\nThe `OR` operator allows multiple conditions to be combined. Records matching either condition joined by the `OR` are included in the result set.\n\n### IS NULL / IS NOT NULL\n`IS NULL` and `IS NOT NULL` are operators used with the `WHERE` clause to test for empty values.\n\n### ORDER BY\nThe `ORDER BY` clause can be used to sort the result set by a particular column either alphabetically or numerically. It can be ordered in ascending (default) or descending order with `ASC`/`DESC`.\n\n### LIMIT\nThe `LIMIT` clause is used to narrow, or *limit*, a result set to the specified number of rows.\n\n### NULL\nColumn values in SQL records can be `NULL`, or have no value. These records can be matched (or not matched) using the `IS NULL` and `IS NOT NULL` operators in combination with the `WHERE` clause.\n\n### Aggregate Functions\nAggregate functions perform a calculation on a set of values and return a single value:\n\n### COUNT()\nThe `COUNT()` aggregate function in SQL returns the total number of rows that match the specified criteria.\n\n### SUM()\nThe `SUM()` aggregate function takes the name of a column as an argument and returns the sum of all the value in that column.\n\n### MAX()\nThe `MAX()` aggregate function in SQL takes the name of a column as an argument and returns the largest value in a column.\n\n### MIN()\nThe `MIN()` aggregate function in SQL returns the smallest value in a column.\n\n### AVG()\nThe `AVG()` aggregate function returns the average value in a column.\n\n### GROUP BY\nThe `GROUP BY` clause will group records in a result set by identical values in one or more columns. It is often used in combination with aggregate functions to query information of similar records. The `GROUP BY` clause can come after `FROM` or `WHERE` but must come before any `ORDER BY` or `LIMIT` clause.\n\n### HAVING\nThe `HAVING` clause is used to further filter the result set groups provided by the `GROUP BY` clause. `HAVING` is often used with aggregate functions to filter the result set groups based on an aggregate property.\n\n### ROUND()\nThe `ROUND()` function will round a number value to a specified number of places. It takes two arguments: a number, and a number of decimal places. It can be combined with other aggregate functions\n\n### Column References\nThe `GROUP BY` and `ORDER BY` clauses can reference the selected columns by number in which they appear in the `SELECT` statement.\n\n## References:\n- https://www.codecademy.com/articles/sql-commands\n\n"
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