Repository: herry-zhang/Python3-RESTfulAPI
Branch: master
Commit: e772e0beee28
Files: 22
Total size: 29.9 KB
Directory structure:
gitextract_pyapb8hb/
├── README.md
├── apis/
│ └── api_v1/
│ ├── base.py
│ ├── enum.py
│ ├── setting.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── user/
│ ├── serializers.py
│ └── views.py
├── apps/
│ └── user/
│ ├── __init__.py
│ ├── admin.py
│ ├── apps.py
│ ├── migrations/
│ │ └── 0001_initial.py
│ ├── models.py
│ ├── tests.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── views.py
├── attendances/
│ ├── settings.py
│ ├── urls.py
│ └── wsgi.py
├── attendances.xml
├── manage.py
├── requirements.txt
└── test.py
================================================
FILE CONTENTS
================================================
================================================
FILE: README.md
================================================
# Python3 开发以及部署 RESTful API项目（Python3 + Django2.0 + Django REST FrameWork + Centos7 + uWsgi + Nginx）
文档分为两个部分，分别从开发和部署两个方面先介绍项目流程，然后会说明项目中最常遇到的问题以及解决方案。如果项目中有什么处理不正确的地方，也希望大家给予指正、交流。
1. 开发环境采用Python3.6.3版本，项目采用Django2.0，Django REST FrameWork3.7.7去搭建。
2. 部署的时候，系统版本为Centos7，uWsgi版本使用本文发布时最新的2.0.15，Nginx版本1.13.7
## 第一部分 开发流程以及问题说明
由于项目本身基于 Token 的身份验证，另外有些接口不只是处理一个表里的数据，直接通过ORM不太好映射，所以并没有完全按照Django REST FrameWork进行开发，并且只采用GET和POST方法。
### 一、开发步骤
首先搭建开发环境并且创建一个新的项目。
#### 1. 安装Python3：如果使用的是 Mac OS X ，系统可能已经预装了 Python 。我们可以通过homebrew安装Python3。
``` shell
$ brew install python3
```
安装了Python3之后，会有pip3，使用pip install XXX 新安装的库会放在这个目录下面python2.7/site-packages使用pip3 install XXX 新安装的库会放在这个目录下面python3.6/site-packages如果使用python3执行程序，那么就不能import python2.7/site-packages中的库
#### 2. 安装Django和Django REST FrameWork：可以下载django最新版本,若想指定版本,请在命令后面加上版本号。
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ pip3 install django
$ pip3 install djangorestframework
```
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ pip3 install django==版本号
$ pip3 install djangorestframework==版本号
```
#### 3. 创建一个新的项目。
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ cd ~
$ django-admin.py startproject attendances
$ cd attendances
$ python manage.py startapp user apps/user
```
#### 4. 将新user应用和rest_framework应用添加到配置文件attendances/settings.py文件的INSTALLED_APPS。
``` python {.line-numbers}
INSTALLED_APPS = (
...
'rest_framework',
'apps.user',
)
```
#### 5. 写接口代码前的一点准备。
做完以上步骤，我们就把项目开发需要的环境搭建完成了，接下来就可以在我们的项目中添加接口了。
另外还有一点要说明的是，为了给我们的api增加版本控制，我们的文件目录和路由是这样处理的，这样我们就可以通过添加新的版本文件并且修改配置，同时运行多个版本的接口：
**文件目录结构**
- > apis
-
- > api_v1
-
- > user
- > base
- > enum
- > setting
- > urls
- > apps
- > attendances
-
- > static
- > attendances.xml
- > manage.py
- > requirements.txt
- > test.py
**路由**
``` python {.line-numbers}
# 项目路由
urlpatterns = [
url('admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^api/v1/', include('apis.api_v1.urls', namespace='api-v1')),
]
```
``` python {.line-numbers}
# apis下面的路由
from apis.api_v1.user import views as api_user
urlpatterns = [
# user
url(r'^user/$', api_user.user, name='user'),
]
app_name = 'api-v1'
```
**调用地址：** https://{Domain}/api/v1/user
**请求方法：** GET-获取用户信息 POST-修改用户信息
> 文件说明：apis存放的是api接口文件，app存放的是应用或者可以说是模块，attendances是项目文件存放一些项目配置，static静态文件，attendances.xml是uWsgi的配置文件，requirements.txt是一些项目相关的依赖，test.py是为了测试uWsgi是否配置成功的文件。
#### 6. 创建一个可以使用的模型以及Serializer类、Django视图。
**在apps/user/models.py创建User模型**
``` python {.line-numbers}
"""
用户模块
"""
from django.db import models, transaction
class User(models.Model):
"""
用户信息表
"""
user_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True, verbose_name='用户id')
user_guid = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='用户guid')
user_name = models.CharField(
max_length=100, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='用户名')
real_name = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='真实姓名')
avatar = models.CharField(
max_length=250, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='头像')
mobile = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='手机')
balance = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='账户余额')
available_balance = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='可用金额')
frozen_balance = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='冻结金额')
all_balance = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='累计金额')
wx_open_id = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='微信OpenID')
wx_union_id = models.CharField(
max_length=150, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='微信UnionID')
create_date = models.FloatField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
last_login_date = models.FloatField(
blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='最后登录时间')
ip_address = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='IP地址')
gender = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='性别')
province = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='省份')
city = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='城市')
session_key = models.CharField(
max_length=150, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='会话秘钥')
is_notify = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='是否开启打卡通知')
@classmethod
def update_user_balance(cls, user_id, amount):
# 手动让select for update和update语句发生在一个完整的事务里面
with transaction.atomic():
user = (
cls.objects
.select_for_update()
.get(user_id=user_id)
)
user.available_balance += amount
user.balance = user.available_balance + user.frozen_balance
if amount > 0:
user.all_balance += amount
user.save()
return user
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'user'
ordering = ['-create_date']
verbose_name = '用户'
verbose_name_plural = '用户'
```
**在apis/api_v1/user/serializers.py创建Serializer类**
``` python {.line-numbers}
"""
用户模块
"""
from rest_framework import serializers
from apps.user.models import User
from apis.api_v1.enum import ErrorCode
from apis.api_v1.base import BaseApi
class GetUserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
"""
获取用户信息
"""
token = serializers.CharField(max_length=150)
user_id = serializers.IntegerField()
def get_user(self, validated_data):
result = dict()
base_api = BaseApi()
# 获取用户
try:
user = User.objects.get(user_id=validated_data["user_id"])
except User.DoesNotExist:
result["error_code"] = ErrorCode.用户不存在.value
result["error"] = "用户不存在"
return result
# 认证
if not base_api.authenticate_user(validated_data["token"], user.user_guid):
result["error_code"] = ErrorCode.认证错误.value
result["error"] = "认证错误"
return result
result["nick_name"] = user.user_name
result["avatar"] = user.avatar
result["error_code"] = ErrorCode.正确.value
result["error"] = ""
return result
```
**在apis/api_v1/user/view.py创建视图**
``` python {.line-numbers}
"""
用户模块
"""
import json
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from apis.api_v1.user.serializers import *
from apis.api_v1.enum import ErrorCode
@api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def user(request):
"""
GET:获取用户信息
POST:更新用户信息
"""
if request.method == 'GET':
param = dict()
param["token"] = request.GET.get("token", None)
param["user_id"] = request.GET.get("user_id", 0)
serializer = GetUserSerializer(data=param)
if serializer.is_valid():
result = serializer.get_user(serializer.validated_data)
return Response(result, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
return Response(dict(error_code=ErrorCode.参数错误.value, error=json.dumps(serializer.errors, ensure_ascii=False)), status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
# elif request.method == 'POST':
# serializer = PostUserSerializer(data=request.data)
# if serializer.is_valid():
# result = serializer.update_user(serializer.validated_data)
# return Response(result, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
# return Response(dict(error_code=ErrorCode.参数错误.value, error=json.dumps(serializer.errors, ensure_ascii=False)), status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
```
到目前为止，我们已经完成了一个简单接口的创建，接下来可以对项目进行测试
#### 4. 测试我们的Web API。首先启动一个开发服务器，之后在浏览器里输入地址访问我们的接口。
启动开发服务器
``` shell {.line-numbers}
python manage.py runserver
Validating models...
0 errors found
Django version 2.0, using settings 'attendances.settings'
Development server is running at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
```
在浏览器里输入接口地址，获取到接口数据：http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/user/?token=21cd4161-2a78-451e-8979-5fbd8538935e&user_id=4
``` python {.line-numbers}
GET /api/v1/user/?token=21cd4161-2a78-451e-8979-5fbd8538935e&user_id=4
```
``` python {.line-numbers}
HTTP 201 Created
Allow: POST, GET, OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept
{
"nick_name": "Band",
"avatar": "http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/aSKcBBPpibyKNicHNTMM0qJVh8Kjgiak2AHWr8MHM4WgMEm7GFhsf8OYrySdbvAMvTsw3mo8ibKicsnfN5pRjl1p8HQ/0",
"error_code": 0,
"error": ""
}
```
### 二、相关问题说明
#### 1. 在配置文件里记得修改成本地时区以及将语言设置成中文。
``` python {.line-numbers}
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
```
#### 2. 在安装python3之后，使用pip安装依赖的时候记得使用pip3,或者改掉python和pip的。
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ alias python='/usr/bin/python3'
```
为了不混淆项目，并且大家在项目中遇到的问题可能各不一样，暂时不列出更多的问题，如果有疑问可以留言。
## 第二部分 部署流程以及问题说明
部署的时候建议大家安装docker容器，如果你没有太多的时间了解docker，可以先不用安装，直接按下面的流程去部署，部署的方式都是一样的，只是运行的地方不一样而已。这里就不列出docker的安装以及使用了。
### 一、部署步骤
#### 1. 安装python3
首先安装依赖包。libxml模块是为了让uwsig支持使用“-x"选项，能通过xml文件启动项目
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ yum gcc-c++
$ yum install wget openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel
$ yum install libxml*
```
下载python3的压缩包之后，解压并安装到/usr/local/python3/路径下，ln命令是为了方便在终端中直接使用python3和pip3命令。
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.3/Python-3.6.3.tgz
$ tar -zxvf Python-3.6.3.tar.gz
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
$ make -j2
$ make install -j2
$ ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.5 /usr/bin/python3
$ ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3
```
#### 2. 安装uWsgi
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ pip3 install uwsgi
```
为了在终端中使用uwsgi命令，执行以下命令
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/uwsgi /usr/bin/uwsgi3
```
编写一个简单的wsgi应用测试uwsgi是否能正常使用,创建一个test.py文件。
``` python {.line-numbers}
# test.py
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return [b"Hello World"] # python3
```
运行uwsgi,http :8000表示使用http协议，端口号为8000，wigi-file则表示要运行的wsgi应用程序文件。
``` shell {.line-numbers}
# test.py
$ uwsgi --http :8000 --wsgi-file test.py
```
uwsgi运行后打开浏览器，访问http://127.0.0.1:8000/ ，或者是相应服务器地址的8000端口，就可以看到hello world 页面了。
#### 3. 安装Django以及项目依赖，通过uWsgi测试项目是否能正常运行
安装依赖
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ pip3 install django
$ pip3 install djangorestframework
$ pip3 install pycrypto
```
Django通过uWsgi测试，如果能正常浏览则运行成功，静态文件无法访问的话，我们这里先忽略，后面会通过Nginx配置静态资源访问
#### 4. 安装MySQL,也可以直接使用SQLite或PostgreSQL、Oracle数据库，Django支持多种数据库，根据配置安装不同的驱动，本项目采用MySQL，数据表结构以及链接配置请参考文档
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ pip3 install mysql
$ pip3 install mysql-server
$ pip3 install mysql-devel
```
MySQL的安装可以参考文档：[MySQL 安装 | 菜鸟教程](http://www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-install.html)
#### 5. 连接uwsgi与Django
该步骤只是检测Django项目能否在uwsgi下运行，下面我们将配置xml的启动配置文件
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ uwsgi3 --http :8000 --module attendances.wsgi
```
xml的启动配置文件
``` python {.line-numbers}
127.0.0.1:8000
/root/web/attendances/attendances
attendances.wsgi
4
uwsgi.log
```
进入项目执行以下命令
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ uwsgi3 -x attendances.xml
```
#### 6. 安装nginx
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf nginx-1.13.7.tar.gz
$ ./configure
$ make
$ make install
$ nginx
```
通过链接查看nginx是否启动成功:http://192.168.2.110
#### 6. 通过配置nginx.conf文件连接Django、uWsgi与Nginx
在/etc/nginx/nginx.conf修改nginx.conf
``` shell {.line-numbers}
server {
listen 80 default_server;#暴露给外部访问的端口
listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name 127.0.0.1;
index index.py index.html;
root /root/web/attendances/attendances;
location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000;#外部访问80就转发到内部8000
}
location /static/ {
alias /root/web/attendances/attendances/static/;#项目静态路径设置
}
}
```
保存nginx.conf执行nginx -t命令先检查配置文件是否有错，没有错就执行以下命令：nginx启动nginx，可以通过链接查看nginx是否启动成功,之前启动过的话重启nginx.
重启nginx
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ nginx -t
$ nginx -s reload
```
以上步骤都没有出错的话，打开你的浏览器，输入以下链接，记得关闭系统防火墙或者开放8000端口
http://192.168.2.110/api/v1/user/?token=21cd4161-2a78-451e-8979-5fbd8538935e&user_id=4 （请将该ip替换成你的服务器ip）
网站访问成功！
### 二、相关问题说明
#### 1. Nginx和Django静态文件处理
Django项目可以正常打开，但是静态文件引用路径还有问题，在Django开发时Django自己可以正确处理静态文件的路径，但是部署后Nginx去无法找到静态文件路径。
检查Nginx配置文件夹sites-enabled里的nginx-pro文件，确保里面默认的try_files要删掉或者注释掉，否则Nginx会因此检查静态文件是否存在。
将Django的静态文件集中起来，Django为此有专门的工具
现在Django的Settings文件中加上StATIC_ROOT，把静态文件都集中到这个路径下
``` shell
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
```
执行命令
``` shell {.line-numbers}
$ python3 ./manage.py collectstatic
```
这样所有Django前后台的静态文件都会集中到项目文件夹pro下static中，另外nginx-pro其中一个配置location /static即可让Nginx来处理静态内容。
#### 2. Nginx权限问题(Nginx 403 forbidden)
如果nginx用户没有web目录的权限，则会导致该错误。解决办法：修改web目录的读写权限。或者是把nginx的启动用户改成目录的所属用户，重起一下就能解决，在nginx.conf头部加入一行：user root;因为项目是在root用户下建立的，通过这个用户去访问资源就可以访问。
``` shell
chmod -R 766 /web
```
#### 3. Nginx转发出现错误(502 BAD GATEWAY)
``` shell
$ setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1
```
> 如果访问不了可以查看Nginx下的error.log文件，查看具体的问题，再找解决方法。
## 分享一些中文文档资料
> 有关Python、Django以及Django REST FrameWork的学习可以参考官方文档，以及以下中文文档，在网上找了很久，感觉以下这几个中文文档还是写的很不错的。
[**Python：** 廖雪峰老师Python教程，基于最新的Python 3版本](https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/0014316089557264a6b348958f449949df42a6d3a2e542c000)
[**Django：** The Django Book 2.0--中文版](http://docs.30c.org/djangobook2/index.html)
[**Django REST FrameWork：** Django REST FrameWork中文文档目录](http://www.chenxm.cc/post/299.html)
================================================
FILE: apis/api_v1/base.py
================================================
import hashlib
from apis.api_v1.setting import IS_TEST, APP_VERIFY_CODE
class BaseApi(object):
def authenticate(self, token):
"""
认证
"""
if IS_TEST:
return True
elif not IS_TEST and self.md5(APP_VERIFY_CODE) == token:
return True
return False
def authenticate_user(self, token, guid):
"""
登录用户认证
"""
if IS_TEST:
return True
elif not IS_TEST and self.md5(APP_VERIFY_CODE + guid) == token:
return True
return False
def md5(self, str):
"""
MD5加密
"""
m = hashlib.md5()
m.update(str.encode("utf8"))
return m.hexdigest()
def is_in_enum(self, eunm, key=None, value=None):
"""
判断是否为枚举值的元素
"""
for name, member in eunm.__members__.items():
if key is not None and name == key or value is not None and value == member.value:
return True
return False
================================================
FILE: apis/api_v1/enum.py
================================================
from enum import Enum, unique
@unique
class ErrorCode(Enum):
# base
正确 = 0
参数错误 = 1
请求方法错误 = 2
认证错误 = 3
# user
微信登录凭证错误 = 1000
用户不存在 = 1001
获取微信用户信息错误 = 1002
账户余额不足 = 1003
推送状态不正确 = 1004
================================================
FILE: apis/api_v1/setting.py
================================================
# 是否测试环境，需要验证认证
IS_TEST = True
================================================
FILE: apis/api_v1/urls.py
================================================
from django.conf.urls import url
from apis.api_v1.user import views as api_user
from apis.api_v1.scene import views as api_scene
from apis.api_v1.joined_scene import views as api_joined_scene
from apis.api_v1.my import views as api_my
from apis.api_v1.other import views as api_other
urlpatterns = [
# user
url(r'^user/$', api_user.user, name='user'),
]
app_name = 'api-v1'
================================================
FILE: apis/api_v1/user/serializers.py
================================================
from rest_framework import serializers
from apps.user.models import User
from apis.api_v1.enum import ErrorCode
from apis.api_v1.base import BaseApi
class GetUserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
"""
获取用户信息
"""
token = serializers.CharField(max_length=150)
user_id = serializers.IntegerField()
def get_user(self, validated_data):
result = dict()
base_api = BaseApi()
# 获取用户
try:
user = User.objects.get(user_id=validated_data["user_id"])
except User.DoesNotExist:
result["error_code"] = ErrorCode.用户不存在.value
result["error"] = "用户不存在"
return result
# 认证
if not base_api.authenticate_user(validated_data["token"], user.user_guid):
result["error_code"] = ErrorCode.认证错误.value
result["error"] = "认证错误"
return result
result["nick_name"] = user.user_name
result["avatar"] = user.avatar
result["error_code"] = ErrorCode.正确.value
result["error"] = ""
return result
================================================
FILE: apis/api_v1/user/views.py
================================================
import json
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
from apis.api_v1.user.serializers import *
from apis.api_v1.enum import ErrorCode
@api_view(['GET', 'POST'])
def user(request):
"""
GET:获取用户信息
POST:更新用户信息
"""
if request.method == 'GET':
param = dict()
param["token"] = request.GET.get("token", None)
param["user_id"] = request.GET.get("user_id", 0)
serializer = GetUserSerializer(data=param)
if serializer.is_valid():
result = serializer.get_user(serializer.validated_data)
return Response(result, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
return Response(dict(error_code=ErrorCode.参数错误.value, error=json.dumps(serializer.errors, ensure_ascii=False)), status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
# elif request.method == 'POST':
# serializer = PostUserSerializer(data=request.data)
# if serializer.is_valid():
# result = serializer.update_user(serializer.validated_data)
# return Response(result, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
# return Response(dict(error_code=ErrorCode.参数错误.value, error=json.dumps(serializer.errors, ensure_ascii=False)), status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
================================================
FILE: apps/user/__init__.py
================================================
from os import path
from django.apps import AppConfig
VERBOSE_APP_NAME = "用户管理"
def get_current_app_name(file):
path_array = path.dirname(file).replace('\\', '/').split('/')
return path_array[-2] + '.' + path_array[-1]
class AppVerboseNameConfig(AppConfig):
name = get_current_app_name(__file__)
verbose_name = VERBOSE_APP_NAME
default_app_config = get_current_app_name(
__file__) + '.__init__.AppVerboseNameConfig'
================================================
FILE: apps/user/admin.py
================================================
"""
用户模块
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from apps.user.models import User
class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
"""
用户表
"""
list_display = ('user_id', 'user_name', 'real_name', 'avatar', 'mobile',
'balance', 'available_balance', 'frozen_balance')
search_fields = ('user_name', 'mobile')
admin.site.register(User, UserAdmin)
================================================
FILE: apps/user/apps.py
================================================
from django.apps import AppConfig
class UserConfig(AppConfig):
name = 'user'
================================================
FILE: apps/user/migrations/0001_initial.py
================================================
# Generated by Django 2.0 on 2018-01-08 15:34
from django.db import migrations, models
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
initial = True
dependencies = [
]
operations = [
migrations.CreateModel(
name='User',
fields=[
('user_id', models.AutoField(primary_key=True, serialize=False, verbose_name='用户id')),
('user_guid', models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='用户guid')),
('user_name', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=100, null=True, verbose_name='用户名')),
('real_name', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=50, null=True, verbose_name='真实姓名')),
('avatar', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=250, null=True, verbose_name='头像')),
('mobile', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=50, null=True, verbose_name='手机')),
('balance', models.DecimalField(blank=True, decimal_places=2, max_digits=8, null=True, verbose_name='账户余额')),
('available_balance', models.DecimalField(blank=True, decimal_places=2, max_digits=8, null=True, verbose_name='可用金额')),
('frozen_balance', models.DecimalField(blank=True, decimal_places=2, max_digits=8, null=True, verbose_name='冻结金额')),
('all_balance', models.DecimalField(blank=True, decimal_places=2, max_digits=8, null=True, verbose_name='累计金额')),
('wx_open_id', models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='微信OpenID')),
('wx_union_id', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=150, null=True, verbose_name='微信UnionID')),
('create_date', models.FloatField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='创建时间')),
('last_login_date', models.FloatField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='最后登录时间')),
('ip_address', models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=50, null=True, verbose_name='IP地址')),
],
options={
'verbose_name': '用户',
'verbose_name_plural': '用户',
'db_table': 'user',
'ordering': ['-create_date'],
'managed': False,
},
),
]
================================================
FILE: apps/user/models.py
================================================
"""
用户模块
"""
from django.db import models, transaction
class User(models.Model):
"""
用户信息表
"""
user_id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True, verbose_name='用户id')
user_guid = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='用户guid')
user_name = models.CharField(
max_length=100, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='用户名')
real_name = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='真实姓名')
avatar = models.CharField(
max_length=250, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='头像')
mobile = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='手机')
balance = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='账户余额')
available_balance = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='可用金额')
frozen_balance = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='冻结金额')
all_balance = models.DecimalField(
max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='累计金额')
wx_open_id = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name='微信OpenID')
wx_union_id = models.CharField(
max_length=150, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='微信UnionID')
create_date = models.FloatField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='创建时间')
last_login_date = models.FloatField(
blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='最后登录时间')
ip_address = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='IP地址')
gender = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='性别')
province = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='省份')
city = models.CharField(
max_length=50, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='城市')
session_key = models.CharField(
max_length=150, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='会话秘钥')
is_notify = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True, verbose_name='是否开启打卡通知')
@classmethod
def update_user_balance(cls, user_id, amount):
# 手动让select for update和update语句发生在一个完整的事务里面
with transaction.atomic():
user = (
cls.objects
.select_for_update()
.get(user_id=user_id)
)
user.available_balance += amount
user.balance = user.available_balance + user.frozen_balance
if amount > 0:
user.all_balance += amount
user.save()
return user
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'user'
ordering = ['-create_date']
verbose_name = '用户'
verbose_name_plural = '用户'
================================================
FILE: apps/user/tests.py
================================================
from django.test import TestCase
# Create your tests here.
================================================
FILE: apps/user/urls.py
================================================
from django.conf.urls import url
from apps.user import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^user-add/(?P\d+)/$', views.add, name='user-add'),
]
app_name = 'user'
================================================
FILE: apps/user/views.py
================================================
"""
用户表
"""
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from apps.user.models import User
def add(request, id):
"""
add
"""
uid = id
return render_to_response('user/user_add.html', locals())
================================================
FILE: attendances/settings.py
================================================
"""
Django settings for attendances project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '+6$=@6_9ts&1jzyd^fh99k6f_$)5&xixcqv-z8hg1(!sd&9a^3'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['127.0.0.1','192.168.2.110']
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'suit',
'rest_framework',
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'apps.user',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'attendances.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')
],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'attendances.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'attendances',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '123',
'HOST': '192.168.2.110',
'PORT': '3306',
}
# 'default': {
# 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
# 'NAME': 'attendances',
# 'USER': 'root',
# 'PASSWORD': 'admin!@#$1234',
# 'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
# 'PORT': '3306',
# }
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans'
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static")
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),
)
================================================
FILE: attendances/urls.py
================================================
"""attendances URL Configuration
The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
1. Add an import: from my_app import views
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
urlpatterns = [
url('admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^user/', include('apps.user.urls', namespace='user')),
url(r'^api/v1/', include('apis.api_v1.urls', namespace='api-v1')),
]
================================================
FILE: attendances/wsgi.py
================================================
"""
WSGI config for attendances project.
It exposes the WSGI callable as a module-level variable named ``application``.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/wsgi/
"""
import os
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "attendances.settings")
application = get_wsgi_application()
================================================
FILE: attendances.xml
================================================
127.0.0.1:8000
/root/web/attendances/attendances
attendances.wsgi
4
uwsgi.log
================================================
FILE: manage.py
================================================
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys
if __name__ == "__main__":
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "attendances.settings")
try:
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
except ImportError as exc:
raise ImportError(
"Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
"available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
"forget to activate a virtual environment?"
) from exc
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
================================================
FILE: requirements.txt
================================================
Django==2.0
djangorestframework==3.7.7
pycrypto==2.6.1
uwsgi
request
================================================
FILE: test.py
================================================
def application(env, start_response):
start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type','text/html')])
return [b"Hello World"] # python3